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Table of Contents

UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
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FORM 10-K
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ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2020
OR
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
Commission File Number 001-34652
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
SENSATA TECHNOLOGIES HOLDING PLC
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
England and Wales
98-1386780
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
529 Pleasant Street, Attleboro, Massachusetts, 02703, United States
(Address of principal executive offices, including zip code))
+1 (508) 236 3800
(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each class Trading Symbol(s) Name of exchange on which registered
Ordinary Shares - nominal value €0.01 per share ST New York Stock Exchange
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.    Yes      No  ¨
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.    Yes  ¨    No  
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes      No  ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).    Yes      No  ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer," "smaller reporting company," and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer   Accelerated filer o
Non-accelerated filer o   Smaller reporting company
  Emerging growth company
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report. ☒
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes      No  
The aggregate market value of the registrant’s ordinary shares held by non-affiliates at June 30, 2020 was approximately $5.8 billion based on the New York Stock Exchange closing price for such shares on that date.
As of January 29, 2021, 157,645,484 ordinary shares were outstanding.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Part III of this Report incorporates information from certain portions of the registrant’s Definitive Proxy Statement to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days of the registrant's fiscal year ended December 31, 2020.


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Cautionary Statements Concerning Forward-Looking Statements
This Annual Report on Form 10-K (this "Report"), including any documents incorporated by reference herein, includes "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These forward-looking statements relate to analyses and other information that are based on forecasts of future results and estimates of amounts not yet determinable. These forward-looking statements also relate to our future prospects, developments, and business strategies. These forward-looking statements may be identified by terminology such as "may," "will," "could," "should," "expect," "anticipate," "believe," "estimate," "predict," "project," "forecast," "continue," "intend," "plan," and similar terms or phrases, or the negative of such terminology, including references to assumptions. However, these terms are not the exclusive means of identifying such statements.
Forward-looking statements contained herein, or in other statements made by us, are made based on management’s expectations and beliefs concerning future events impacting us. These statements are subject to uncertainties and other important factors relating to our operations and business environment, all of which are difficult to predict, and many of which are beyond our control, that could cause our actual results to differ materially from those matters expressed or implied by forward-looking statements. Although we believe that our plans, intentions, and expectations reflected in, or suggested by, such forward-looking statements are reasonable, we can give no assurances that any of the events anticipated by these forward-looking statements will occur or, if any of them do, what impact they will have on our results of operations and financial condition.
We believe that the following important factors, among others (including those described in Item 1A, "Risk Factors," included elsewhere in this Report), could affect our future performance and the liquidity and value of our securities and cause our actual results to differ materially from those expressed or implied by forward-looking statements made by us or on our behalf:
Future risks and existing uncertainties associated with the coronavirus ("COVID-19") pandemic, which continues to have a significant adverse impact on our business and operations including: (i) full or partial shutdowns of our facilities as mandated by government decrees, (ii) limited ability to adjust certain costs due to government actions, (iii) significant travel restrictions and “work-from-home” orders limiting the availability of our workforce, (iv) supplier constraints and supply-chain interruptions, (v) logistics challenges and limitations, (vi) reduced demand from certain customers, (vi) uncertainties associated with a protracted economic slowdown that could negatively affect the financial condition of our customers and suppliers, and (vii) uncertainties and volatility in the global capital markets;
instability and changes in the global markets, including regulatory, political, economic, governmental, and military matters, such as the recent exit of the United Kingdom (the "U.K.") from the European Union (the "EU");
adverse conditions or competition in the industries upon which we are dependent, including the automotive industry;
losses and costs as a result of intellectual property, product liability, warranty, and recall claims;
market acceptance of new product introductions and product innovations;
inability to realize all of the revenue or achieve anticipated gross margins from products subject to existing purchase orders for which we are currently engaged in development;
supplier interruption or non-performance, limiting our access to manufactured components or raw materials;
risks related to the acquisition or disposition of businesses, or the restructuring of our business;
labor disruptions or increased labor costs;
competitive pressure from customers that could require us to reduce prices or result in reduced demand;
security breaches, cyber theft of our intellectual property, and other disruptions to our information technology infrastructure, or improper disclosure of confidential, personal, or proprietary data;
our ability to attract and retain key senior management and qualified technical, sales, and other personnel;
foreign currency risks, changes in socioeconomic conditions, or changes to monetary and fiscal policies;
our level of indebtedness, or our inability to meet debt service obligations or comply with the covenants contained in the credit agreement and senior notes indentures;
changes to current policies, such as trade tariffs, by various governments worldwide;
risks related to the potential for goodwill impairment;
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the impact of challenges by taxing authorities of our historical and future tax positions or our allocation of taxable income among our subsidiaries, unfavorable developments in taxation sentiments in countries where we do business, and challenges to the sovereign taxation regimes of EU member states by the European Commission and the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development;
changes to, or inability to comply with, various regulations, including tax laws, import/export regulations, anti-bribery laws, environmental, health, and safety laws, and other governmental regulations; and
risks related to our domicile in the U.K.
In addition, the extent to which the COVID-19 pandemic will continue to impact our business and financial results going forward will be dependent on future developments, such as the length and severity of the crisis, the potential resurgence of the crisis, future government actions in response to the crisis and the overall impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the global economy and capital markets, among many other factors, all of which remain highly uncertain and unpredictable.
All forward-looking statements attributable to us or persons acting on our behalf speak only as of the date of this Report and are expressly qualified in their entirety by the cautionary statements contained in this Report. We undertake no obligation to update or revise forward-looking statements that may be made to reflect events or circumstances that arise after the date made or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events. We urge readers to review carefully the risk factors described in this Report and in the other documents that we file with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission. You can read these documents at www.sec.gov or on our website at www.sensata.com.
PART I
ITEM 1.     BUSINESS
The Company
The reporting company is Sensata Technologies Holding plc, a public limited company incorporated under the laws of England and Wales, and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, collectively referred to as the "Company," "Sensata," "we," "our," and "us."
We are a global industrial technology company that develops, manufactures, and sells sensors, electrical protection products, and other products that are used in mission-critical systems and applications that create valuable business insights for our customers and end users. For more than 100 years, we have been providing a wide range of customized, sensor-rich solutions that address increasingly complex engineering and operating performance requirements to help our customers solve their most difficult challenges in the automotive, heavy vehicle and off-road ("HVOR"), industrial, and aerospace industries. We operate in, and report financial information for, two reportable segments: Performance Sensing and Sensing Solutions.
Original equipment manufacturers ("OEMs") are producing products that are safer, cleaner, more efficient, more electrified, and increasingly more connected. Our sensors are used by our customers to translate a physical parameter, such as pressure, temperature, position, or location of an object, into electronic signals that our customers’ products and solutions can act upon. Our electrical protection product portfolio is comprised of various sensors, controllers, receivers, and software, and includes high-voltage contactors and other products embedded within systems to maximize their efficiency and protect them from excessive heat or current.
We have long-standing relationships with a geographically diverse base of leading OEMs and other multinational companies. In geographic and product markets where we lack established relationships with customers, we rely on third-party distributors to sell our products. We have had relationships with our top ten customers for an average of 31 years. Our largest customer accounted for approximately 7% of our net revenue for the year ended December 31, 2020.
Business Strategy
Our business strategy involves leveraging certain new and emerging technology trends, which complement our existing product offerings, to deliver products used in mission-critical systems and applications that create valuable business insights for our customers and end users. Each of these trends, which we refer to as “megatrends,” is expected to significantly transform the industries in which we operate. Refer to Megatrends section for additional detailed information on the new and emerging technologies that we consider key to our strategies.
These megatrends are also creating greater secular demand for our products, resulting in growth that exceeds end-market production growth in many of the markets we serve, a defining characteristic of our company. We refer to this as “market
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outgrowth,” which describes the impact of an increasing quantity and value of our products used in customer systems and applications, and is only loosely correlated to normal unit demand fluctuations in the markets we serve.
Our customers are facing ever increasing mandates, due to regulation and consumer demand, to make their products cleaner, more efficient, and safer, while providing more comfort-related features. Our sensors are being used in mission-critical systems and applications that are addressing these demands, including those that help: industrial customers to make more efficient pumps and boilers; automotive customers to meet the standards of emissions and pollution control legislation; and fleet managers to proactively monitor the health of their vehicles, conduct proactive maintenance, optimize fleet operations, and enhance driver safety. We consider these capabilities to be core to our historical success, and will continue to be significant drivers of outgrowth in the future.
We believe the medium- to long-term outlook for internal combustion engine powertrain products will evolve with the advent of more environmentally friendly vehicles that rely more heavily on Electrification (as defined in the Megatrends section below) and other adjacent technologies. Accordingly, we are focusing on expanding our market share on electrified platforms, including both sensor and electrical protection products. Many of the components and subsystems that we have historically developed and produced will play a significant role in this expansion, but we will also seek strategic partnerships and acquisitions to accelerate the growth and transformation of our product portfolio. By entering into such relationships, we obtain access to new technologies and solutions, which we can leverage with our existing expertise to optimize and expand our product portfolio. Beyond Electrification, we also recognize the potential market impact of autonomous vehicles and advanced driver-assistance systems ("ADAS"), and are developing sensors to facilitate development of this market by manufacturers of vehicles (light passenger, heavy on and off-road) and material handling equipment.
In addition, in our HVOR business, we are working on integrating our current products with software and services, as well as data collection, analysis, and insight capabilities, that will provide a large opportunity across the market segment. We also believe that adoption of driver assistance technologies, like radar, is a growth area – whether mandated by government legislation (such as the pedestrian safety requirements in the European Union ("EU")) or adopted by OEMs ahead of regulations.
We are also seeking to expand our business and accelerate market share in other areas that we believe will experience high growth in the future, such as deployment of Internet of Things (“IoT”) solutions for buildings, factories and warehouses. This is driven by the need for smarter and more connected sensors that collect, analyze, and provide insights into how a particular industrial environment is operating and ultimately make that environment more productive and efficient. We also believe that the industrial markets will see higher adoption of autonomous technologies to enhance productivity resulting in higher demand for our radar solutions.
Megatrends
New and emerging technology trends that are expected to significantly impact our customers and our business strategy include Electrification, Smart & Connected, and Industrial IoT.
Electrification
Our objective with the Electrification initiative is to become a leading and foundational player in solutions that will support a future that is more environmentally-sustainable and efficient, including (1) clean energy transportation systems and components in electrified vehicles, charging stations, and chargers and (2) mission-critical high voltage components and subsystems with high value solutions in advanced smart grid technologies. Electrification provides a significant opportunity for us to expand the use of our sensors and electrical protection products within the automotive, industrial, and HVOR industries. For example, in the automotive industry, as customers seek to extend the range of batteries and improve the efficiency of electric vehicles, they are incorporating electrical subsystems, which require additional sensors to monitor, control, and optimize what is happening within the vehicle. Further, higher voltage battery systems are also driving increased needs for electrical protection. Sensors are also used in thermal management applications to help maintain batteries at optimal temperatures as well as electric motors and heat pumps. We are expanding our capabilities in Electrification, including through third party collaboration, and expect continued material expansion of this initiative within our automotive, HVOR, and industrial businesses.
Smart & Connected
Our objective with the Smart & Connected initiative is to become the leader in delivering diagnostic insight and prognostics to fleet operators and owners. Smart & Connected provides a large market opportunity across heavy, medium, and light vehicles. Leveraging certain of the sensor products and embedded and wireless systems expertise in our existing tire
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pressure monitoring portfolio, we are developing smart, connected, modular, and full-stack solutions that collect data from wireless sensors or related vehicle system information through a connected vehicle-area network and deliver actionable insight to drivers, maintenance workers and back-office personnel through mobile applications, web portals and via cloud Application Programming Interfaces ("APIs") for integration in other enterprise systems. These solutions allow fleet managers to proactively monitor the health of their vehicles, conduct proactive maintenance, optimize fleet operations and enhance driver safety. We are leveraging our leadership position in tire pressure monitoring systems and know-how of vehicles and use cases within fleet operations to deliver scalable platforms to a variety of players within the connected ecosystem, including Tier 1 suppliers, OEMs, telematics services providers and fleets directly.
Industrial IoT
Our objective in the Industrial IoT/Digitization of Factories & Warehouses initiative is to become a leader in factory smart sensing and edge intelligence with solutions in machine health and materials tracking. The digitization of factories and warehouses represent fast-growing opportunities that we believe will drive new business wins and market outgrowth for our industrial business. Bringing our products to enhance material handling and electrification charging infrastructure represent fast growing opportunities that we believe will drive industrial business content and market outgrowth.
Performance Sensing
The Performance Sensing reportable segment has historically also been an operating segment. As discussed further in Note 20, “Segment Reporting,” of our audited consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes thereto (our "Financial Statements") included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K (this "Report"), in the fourth quarter of 2020, we determined, based on various factors, that the Performance Sensing operating segment should be divided into two operating segments, Automotive and HVOR. The Automotive and HVOR operating segments meet the criteria for aggregation into the Performance Sensing reportable segment, and no change was made to the overall components of, or the business conducted by, the Performance Sensing reportable segment. Accordingly, no prior period information has been recast.
Performance Sensing, which accounted for approximately 73% of our net revenue in fiscal year 2020, primarily serves the automotive and HVOR industries through development and manufacture of sensors, high-voltage contactors, and other solutions used in mission-critical systems and applications such as those in subsystems of automobiles, on-road trucks, and off-road equipment (e.g., tire pressure monitoring, thermal management, electrical protection, regenerative braking, powertrain (engine/transmission), and exhaust management). Our products are used in subsystems that, among other things, improve operating performance and efficiency, as well as contribute to environmentally sustainable and safe solutions as the world continues to pivot in those directions.
Customers
Our customers include leading global automotive, on-road truck, construction, and agriculture OEMs, the companies that supply parts directly to these OEMs, which are known as Tier 1 suppliers, and various aftermarket distributors. We believe large OEMs and other multinational companies are increasingly demanding a global presence to supply sensors and electrical protection products for their key platforms worldwide. As our customers develop common global electrified platforms to drive scale and efficiency across their global markets, we are well positioned to serve them with our global manufacturing and technical centers. We provide our customers with the worldwide technical and manufacturing presence to enable their success around the globe.
Markets
The global sensor market is characterized by a broad range of products and applications across a diverse set of market segments. According to an October 2020 report prepared by Strategy Analytics, Inc., the global automotive sensor market was $20.3 billion in 2020, compared to $23.7 billion in 2019 as a result of the global economic impacts caused by the coronavirus ("COVID-19") pandemic.
As the markets we serve continue to drive improved safety, efficiency, and performance we are well positioned to grow in this expanding market opportunity. Our automotive solutions are present in a wide variety of automotive systems and subsystems playing a critical role in ensuring the functionality and safety of the vehicle’s operation. Within the combustion and electrified propulsion architecture we provide various sensor solutions (i.e. electric motor position, gasoline direct injection, oil pressure monitoring, fuel delivery, and various others) that enable superior functionality, efficiency, and optimized performance to reduce environmental impact. Further protecting the environment are our exhaust after-treatment devices used in closed-loop feedback control to reduce emissions of traditional and hybrid powertrains. Our chassis (i.e. tire pressure monitoring systems), thermal management, electrical protection (i.e. high voltage contactors), and safety (i.e. braking and electronic stability control)
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sensor/product solutions all play critical roles in enabling the safety, improved performance, and increased efficiency and range of electrified vehicles and combustion powertrains.
Applications we serve require close engineering collaboration between us and the OEM or their Tier 1 suppliers. Solutions are designed to meet application-specific requirements with customer specific fit, form, and function. As a result, OEMs and Tier 1 suppliers make significant investments in selecting, integrating, and testing sensors as part of their product development. Once our solutions are designed into an application, we are well positioned as the incumbent supplier for the application due to the high degree of sensor customization and application/vehicle platform certification. This results in high switching costs for automotive and HVOR manufacturers once a sensor is designed into a particular system or platform. We believe this is one of the reasons that sensors are rarely changed during a platform life-cycle, which in the case of the automotive industry typically lasts five to seven years. OEMs and Tier 1 suppliers look to partner with suppliers that have a proven track record of quality, on-time delivery, and performance, as well as the engineering and manufacturing scale/resources to meet their needs over the multi-year lifecycle of these highly engineered vehicles and systems. As electrified and autonomous automobile platforms continue to evolve and grow, we expect OEM and Tier 1 suppliers to require sensing partners that can continue to meet their increasing needs for mission-critical sensors and solutions enabling their global vehicle strategies. We continue to drive investments in new technologies, competencies, and solutions that will enable our customers' success as they pivot toward an electrified world. The automotive industry provides one of the largest markets for sensors, giving participants with a presence in this market significant scale advantages over those participating only in smaller, more niche industrial and medical markets.
Market Trends
Net revenue growth from the automotive and HVOR sensor markets served by Performance Sensing has historically been driven, we believe, by three principal trends, including (1) growth in the number of vehicles produced globally, (2) expansion in the number and type of sensors per vehicle, and (3) efforts toward commercializing higher value sensors. In addition, we believe that the automotive and HVOR sensor markets are and will continue to be substantially impacted in the near term by current megatrends, primarily Electrification, as well as other trends such as connectivity and ADAS.
Light vehicle production: Global production of light vehicles had consistently demonstrated steady annual growth for most of the decade prior to 2019, when it started to plateau. This was demonstrated at the time by the fourth quarter 2019 LMC Automotive "Global Car & Truck Forecast," which showed that the global production of light vehicles in fiscal year 2019 decreased from the prior year by 5.0%. In fiscal year 2020, production was significantly lower according to the fourth quarter 2020 LMC Automotive "Global Car & Truck Forecast," which showed that the global production of light vehicles in fiscal year 2020 further decreased from the prior year by 16.2% to approximately 74.9 million units. We expect global production of light vehicles to see a strong rebound in fiscal year 2021, although not yet back to the level of 2019 production. This increasing trend in light vehicle production is expected to continue beyond 2021 due to population growth and increased usage of cars in emerging markets. Current estimates anticipate global production of light vehicles to approach 100 million units by fiscal year 2028.
On Road Truck Production: Global production of heavy-duty trucks has also demonstrated consistent growth prior to 2019. In fiscal year 2020, global production was approximately 5% lower than fiscal year 2019 according to industry data. We expect production of trucks to improve in North America and Europe in fiscal year 2021. This increasing trend in truck production is expected to continue beyond 2021 due to increased freight loads globally.
Number of sensors per vehicle: We believe that the numbers of sensors used per vehicle will continue to be driven by increasing requirements in vehicle emissions, efficiency, safety, and comfort-related control systems that depend on sensors for proper functioning, such as electronic stability control, tire pressure monitoring, advanced driver assistance, and advanced combustion and exhaust after-treatment applications. For example, government regulation of emissions, including fuel economy standards such as the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration's Corporate Average Fuel Economy requirements in the United States (the "U.S.") and emissions requirements such as "Euro 6d" in Europe, "China National 6" in China, and "Bharat Stage VI" in India require advanced sensors to achieve these performance metrics. Sensors are a key enabler for a vehicle’s systems and sub-systems to meet the ever-increasing requirements in a vehicle’s operation.
Increasing safety requirements and needs for electrification are also key trends driving increased sensor content in vehicles. These trends are driving advanced braking systems as they transition from traditional hydraulic brakes towards electromechanical braking and regenerative braking systems, thus driving additional content in pressure and force sensing. Furthermore, electrified vehicles are driving more sophisticated thermal management systems to control heating and cooling systems throughout the vehicle, and additional content in battery management systems to optimize drive range and safety in electrical protection as battery voltages increase.
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Higher value sensors: We believe that our revenue growth has been augmented by a continuing shift away from legacy sensors to more solid-state sensors and related solutions that include controllers, receivers, and software, and will continue to grow as our sensors get "smarter" with more embedded algorithms. As we strive to increase the value we bring to the market and our customers, we are continuously looking to drive increased data-based insights that are derived from our foundational sensing solutions. Our ability to provide our customer with insights into the systems/sub-systems we serve increases the value of our offering and enables improved performance, safety, efficiency, and environmental impacts. Our focus on delivering enhanced value through our solutions to the market positions us to drive profitable revenue growth as the market demands continue to evolve.
New Technology: Automobiles and heavy vehicles continue to evolve with new alternative technologies being developed to make these vehicles more efficient, reliable, financially viable, and safe. We believe that this trend has the potential to drive growth in our business for the foreseeable future, particularly in the areas of Electrification, Smart & Connected, ADAS, and autonomy. Moreover, we believe our broad customer base, global diversification, and evolving portfolio provide the foundation that will allow us to grow with these megatrends across a diverse set of markets.
For example, we expect this growth to include content growth in both hybrid and electric vehicles. Hybrid vehicles require systems and sensors to drive high efficiency across the powertrain, managing better diagnostics, more efficient combustion, and reduced emissions. Also, sensor content on vehicle climate control and thermal management systems, where our market share is high, is increasing. This is driven by the need for high efficiency control of thermal management in battery electric vehicle heating and cooling systems as vehicle manufacturers look to drive increased vehicle range where the thermal loads on the vehicle become critical to manage. As long-range plug-in hybrid and full battery electric vehicles gain market share, multiple instances of efficient thermal management across the battery, electronics, and cabin systems are required to protect and manage the vehicle, which drives additional core Sensata sensor and electrical protection content available in the market today.
Safety and efficiency systems are also evolving on hybrid and electric vehicles. New and emerging energy recuperation technologies, such as regenerative motors, require additional sensing content to manage and efficiently switch between traditional braking systems and regenerative braking. Additionally, semi-automated vehicles containing advanced driver assistance systems benefit from more efficient and faster electromechanical braking systems, driving additional sensor content to control these brakes. Each of these systems enable more efficient use of energy, enabling greater electric vehicle range.
New content in high voltage electrical protection from our fiscal year 2018 acquisition of GIGAVAC, LLC ("GIGAVAC") addresses many of the needs in evolving electric vehicle powertrain systems with higher voltage systems that must be properly controlled and protected as vehicle voltages and electrical currents increase. This protection safeguards the expensive electronics used to power the vehicle and allowing for an increase in power levels to improve charging times.
Emerging Markets: We have a long-standing position in emerging markets, including a presence in China for more than 20 years. With our presence in China, we believe that our automotive and HVOR businesses are well positioned to grow. With sustained vehicle modernization and tightening regulations in China, we expect our content per vehicle in China will continue to increase, moving towards the levels we see in developed markets. In addition to China, we are well positioned to grow in the next wave of emerging markets, such as India, where we will be able to serve the market needs with our vast global sensing solution portfolio and technical/manufacturing capabilities.
Product Categories
The following table presents the key products, solutions, applications, systems, and end markets related to the product categories in Performance Sensing:
Key Products/Solutions Key Applications/Systems Key End Markets
Product category: Sensors
Pressure sensors
Speed and position sensors
High temperature sensors
Thermal management and air conditioning systems
Powertrain
Exhaust after-treatment
Suspension
Braking
Tire pressure monitoring
Operator controls
Radar solutions
Automotive
HVOR
Product category: Electrical protection
High-voltage contactors
Battery management system
Electrical protection
Electrical powertrain
Battery management
Automotive
HVOR
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The table below sets forth the amount of net revenue generated by our sensor product category in Performance Sensing, reconciled to total segment net revenue, for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018:
For the year ended December 31,
(In thousands) 2020 2019 2018
Net revenue:
Sensors $ 2,171,364  $ 2,489,644  $ 2,532,631 
Electrical protection (1)
35,366  41,273  7,423 
Other (1)
17,080  15,099  87,597 
Performance Sensing net revenue $ 2,223,810  $ 2,546,016  $ 2,627,651 
________________________
(1)    Beginning in the year ended December 31, 2020, we adjusted our product categories to better reflect how we view our products. The product category we previously referred to as "controls" was renamed to "electrical protection," and our GIGAVAC products, which were previously grouped in "other," have been recast into "electrical protection." The amount of Performance Sensing revenue recast from "other" to "electrical protection" in the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 was $41.3 million and $7.4 million, respectively. The "sensors" product category was unchanged.
Competitors
Within each of the principal product categories in Performance Sensing, we compete with a variety of independent suppliers. We believe that the key competitive factors in the markets served by this segment are product performance in mission-critical operating environments, quality, service, reliability, manufacturing footprint, and commercial competitiveness. We believe that our ability to design and produce customized solutions globally, breadth and scale of product offerings, technical expertise and development capability, product service and responsiveness, and a commercially competitive offering, make us well positioned to succeed in these markets. We are experts in the applications we serve, enabling us to provide industry leading solutions to our customers. We take great pride in our ability to be a strategic partner for our customers as we head toward an electrified future where clean energy, safety, and efficiency are of the utmost importance.
Sensing Solutions
Sensing Solutions, which accounted for approximately 27% of our net revenue in fiscal year 2020, primarily serves the industrial and aerospace industries through development and manufacture of a broad portfolio of application-specific sensor and electrical protection products used in a diverse range of industrial markets, including the appliance, heating, ventilation and air conditioning ("HVAC"), semiconductor, material handling, factory automation, and water management markets, as well as the aerospace market.
Some of the products the segment sells include pressure and position sensors, motor and compressor protectors, high-voltage contactors, solid state relays, bimetal electromechanical controls, thermal and magnetic-hydraulic circuit breakers, power inverters, charge controllers, and IoT solutions. Our products perform many functions including prevention of damage from excess heat or electrical current, optimization of system performance, low-power circuit control, and power conversion from direct current ("DC") power to alternating current ("AC") power. We believe that we are a leading supplier of electrical protection products in the majority of the key applications and systems in which we compete.
Customers
Our customers include a wide range of industrial and commercial manufacturers and suppliers across multiple end markets, primarily OEMs in the climate control, appliance, semiconductor, medical, energy and infrastructure, data/telecom, material handling, factory automation, and aerospace industries, as well as Tier 1 aerospace and motor and compressor suppliers.
Markets
Demand for our sensor products is driven by many of the same factors as in the automotive and HVOR sensor markets: regulation of emissions, greater energy efficiency, and safety, as well as consumer demand for new features. Gross Domestic Product ("GDP") growth is a broad indicator for demand for our consolidated industrial markets over the long term. We use Purchasing Managers' Index ("PMI") to gauge short-term trends in the markets we serve.
We continue to focus our efforts on expanding our presence in all global geographies, both emerging and developed and serving our global customers in a highly efficient and cost-effective manner. Our customers include established multinationals
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as well as local producers in emerging markets such as China, India, Eastern Europe, and Turkey. China continues to remain a priority for us because of its export focus and the increasing domestic consumption of products that use our devices.
Product Categories
The following table presents the significant product categories offered by Sensing Solutions and the corresponding key products, solutions, applications, systems, and end markets:
Key Products/Solutions Key Applications/Systems Key End Markets
Product category: Electrical protection devices
Bimetal electromechanical controls
Motor protectors
Motor starters
Thermostats
Switches
Circuit breakers
Thermal circuit breakers
Magnetic-hydraulic circuit breakers
High-voltage contactors
Battery management system
HVAC/Refrigeration
Industrial equipment
Small/large appliances
Lighting
DC motors
Commercial and military aircraft
Marine/industrial
Data and telecom equipment
Medical equipment
Recreational vehicles
Aerospace and defense
Industrial
HVAC/Refrigeration
Automotive
Marine
Medical
Energy/solar
Product category: Sensors
Linear and rotary position sensors
Linear variable differential transformers
Pressure sensors
Aircraft controls
HVAC/Refrigeration
Air compressors
Hydraulic machinery
Motion control systems
Pumps and storage tanks
Commercial and military aircraft
IoT solutions
Aerospace and defense
Industrial automation
HVAC/Refrigeration
Motors
Marine
Energy
The table below sets forth the amount of net revenue generated by our sensors and electrical protection product categories in Sensing Solutions, reconciled to total segment net revenue, for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018:
For the year ended December 31,
(In thousands) 2020 2019 2018
Net revenue:
Electrical protection (1)
$ 468,635  $ 532,358  $ 514,749 
Sensors 209,244  223,282  222,649 
Other (1)(2)
143,889  148,975  156,578 
Sensing Solutions net revenue $ 821,768  $ 904,615  $ 893,976 
________________________
(1)    Beginning in the year ended December 31, 2020, we adjusted our product categories to better reflect how we view our products. The product category we previously referred to as "controls" was renamed to "electrical protection," and our GIGAVAC products, which were previously grouped in "other," have been recast into "electrical protection." The amount of Sensing Solutions revenue recast from "other" to "electrical protection" in the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 was $50.6 million and $6.0 million, respectively. The "sensors" product category was unchanged.
(2)    Primarily includes thermal management solutions, DC to AC power converters, and brushless DC motors.
Competitors
Within each of the principal product categories in Sensing Solutions, we compete with divisions of large multinational industrial corporations and companies with smaller market share that compete primarily in specific markets, applications, systems, or products. We believe that the key competitive factors in these markets are product performance, quality, and reliability.
Technology and Intellectual Property
We develop products that address increasingly complex engineering and operating performance requirements to help our customers solve their most difficult challenges in the automotive, HVOR, industrial, and aerospace industries. We believe that continued focused investment in research and development ("R&D") is critical to our future growth and maintaining our leadership positions in the markets we serve. Our R&D efforts are directly related to timely development of new and enhanced products that are central to our business strategy. We continuously develop our technologies to meet an evolving set of customer requirements and new product introductions. We conduct such activities in areas that we believe will increase our
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long-term revenue growth. Our development expense is typically associated with engineering core technology platforms to specific applications and engineering major upgrades that improve the functionality or reduce the cost of existing products. As discussed in the Megatrends section above, one of the areas we are focusing on is Smart & Connected. This initiative will be based on many of our current products and technology (associated with embedded and wireless systems), but will involve more complex software, systems, and solutions. In addition, we continually consider new technologies where we may have expertise for potential investment or acquisition.
An increasing portion of our R&D activities are being directed towards technologies and megatrends that we believe have the potential for significant future growth, but relate to products that are not currently within our core business or include new features and capabilities for existing products. Expenses related to these activities are less likely to result in increased near-term revenue than our more mainstream development activities.
We benefit from many development opportunities at an early stage for several reasons: (1) we are the incumbent in many systems for our key customers; (2) we have strong design and service capability; and (3) our global engineering teams are located in close proximity to key customers in regional business centers. We work closely with our customers to deliver solutions that meet their needs. As a result of the long development lead times and embedded nature of our products, we collaborate closely with our customers throughout the design and development phase of their products. Systems development by our customers typically requires significant multi-year investment for certification and qualification, which are often government or customer mandated. We believe the capital commitment and time required for this process significantly increases the switching costs once a customer has designed and installed a particular sensor into a system.
We rely primarily on patents, trade secrets, manufacturing know-how, confidentiality procedures, and licensing arrangements to maintain and protect our intellectual property rights. While we consider our patents to be valuable assets, we do not believe that our overall competitive position is dependent on patent protection or that our overall business is dependent upon any single patent or group of related patents. Many of our patents protect specific functionality in our products, and others consist of processes or techniques that result in reduced manufacturing costs.
The following table presents information on our patents and patent applications as of December 31, 2020:
U.S.
Non-U.S.
Patents 313  483 
Pending patent applications, filed within the last five years 120  283 
Our patents have expiration dates ranging from 2020 to 2042. We also own a portfolio of trademarks and license various patents and trademarks. "Sensata" and our logo are trademarks.
We use licensing arrangements with respect to certain technology provided in our sensor and electrical protection products. In 2006, we entered into a perpetual, royalty-free cross-license agreement with our former owner, Texas Instruments Incorporated, which permits each party to use specified technology owned by the other party in its business. No license may be terminated under the agreement, even in the event of a material breach.
Raw Materials
We use a broad range of manufactured components, subassemblies, and raw materials in the manufacture of our products in both our Performance Sensing and Sensing Solutions segments, including those containing certain commodities, resins, and rare earth metals, which may experience significant volatility in their price and availability due to, among other things, new laws or regulations, including the impact of tariffs, trade barriers, and disputes, and global economic or political events including government actions, labor strikes, suppliers' allocations to other purchasers, interruptions in production by suppliers, changes in foreign currency exchange rates, and prevailing price levels. It is generally difficult to pass increased prices for manufactured components and raw materials through to our customers in the form of price increases. Therefore, a significant increase in the price or a decrease in the availability of these items could materially increase our operating costs and materially and adversely affect our business and results of operations.
The automotive industry supply chain is currently facing a global shortage of semiconductors, the technology used to make microchips, resulting in paused production on certain vehicles and increased costs to procure microchips. As discussed in Item 7, "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations," included elsewhere in this Report (the "MD&A"), we believe this shortage will have an adverse impact on our operating costs in fiscal year 2021. If the impacts of this shortage are more severe than we expect, it could result in further deterioration of our results, potentially for a longer period than currently anticipated.
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Seasonality
Because of the diverse global nature of the markets in which we operate, our net revenue is only moderately impacted by seasonality. However, Sensing Solutions experiences some seasonality, specifically in its air conditioning and refrigeration products, which tend to peak in the first two quarters of the year as inventory is built up for spring and summer sales. In addition, Performance Sensing net revenue tends to be weaker in the third quarter of the year as automotive OEMs retool production lines for the coming model year.
Human Capital Resources
As of December 31, 2020, we had approximately 19,200 employees, of whom approximately 8% were located in the U.S. As of December 31, 2020, less than 100 of our employees were covered by collective bargaining agreements. In addition, in various countries, local law requires our participation in works councils. As of December 31, 2020, approximately 56% of our employees were female. We also engage contract workers in multiple locations, primarily to cost-effectively manage variations in manufacturing volume, but also to perform engineering and other general services. As of December 31, 2020, we had approximately 2,600 contract workers on a worldwide basis. We believe that our relations with our employees are good.
Our employees, whom we refer to as Team Sensata, are responsible for upholding our purpose – to help our customers and partners safely deliver a cleaner, more efficient, electrified, and connected world – and embody our values in all aspects of daily work. Our corporate values are the essence of our identity, provide a level-set foundation, and are a key way we are able to improve our culture. Our values are passion, excellence, integrity, flexibility and "OneSensata."
Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion
We believe in treating all people with respect and dignity. We strive to create and foster a supportive and understanding environment in which all individuals realize their maximum potential within the Company, regardless of their differences. Each employee has the personal responsibility to maintain a respectful and inclusive workplace.
We believe that each person brings unique and valuable skills and perspectives due to their varying backgrounds and experiences. An inclusive culture is fundamental to innovation and problem-solving. It is the policy and practice of Sensata to hire and employ individuals without regard to age, color, disability, ethnicity, family or marital status, gender identity or expression, language, national origin, political affiliation, race, religion, sexual orientation, socio-economic status, and veteran status or other characteristics that make our employees unique. This policy applies to all terms and conditions of employment including recruitment and selection; compensation and benefits; professional development and training; promotions; transfers; social and recreational programs; reductions in force; terminations, and the ongoing development of a work environment built on the premise of gender and diversity, equity, and inclusion.
Our employee resource groups (“ERGs”) are company-sponsored groups of employees that support the inclusion, diversity and equity goals and objectives that are determined by the Company. Sensata ERGs exist to benefit and advance their group members by working strategically, both internally and externally. They also help contribute to Sensata's market success. As of December 31, 2020, we had 11 ERGs globally focused on the following areas — women’s empowerment and career growth; cultural awareness; Black and Hispanic Heritage; and emerging professionals.
Learning and Development
We believe that we will continue to be successful in executing on our business strategy by providing a broad range of learning and development programs and opportunities. In 2017, we launched our online global learning management system, Sensata Learning, that enables employees to access instructor-led classroom, virtual classes, or self-paced lessons. As of December 31, 2020, we delivered 63,000 hours of training spanning various required learning, professional development and many courses specifically on diversity, inclusion, and ethics. We have a robust talent and succession planning process and have established specialized programs to support the development of our talent pipeline for critical roles in management, engineering, and operations. On an annual basis, we conduct a leadership review process with our chief executive officer, our chief human resources officer and our business and functional leaders.
Social and Human Rights Matters
We have policies related to our position on various social and human rights matters, including child labor, forced labor, human trafficking, health and safety, non-discrimination, and environmental matters. Each of these policies can be found on our website at www.sensata.com. Sensata’s human rights expectations apply to all of our personnel, business partners and other parties directly linked to our operations, products or services; as such, Sensata is committed to respecting the United Nations Guiding Principles for Business and Human Rights (2011) and its principles within our operations and supply chains.
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Sensata is committed to responsible corporate practices in the area of human rights and working conditions and aligns with practices recommended by industry standards such as the Global Automotive Sustainability Practical Guidance and the RBA Code of Conduct, which incorporates the International Bill of Human Rights, namely the Universal Convention of Human Rights (1948), the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights and the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and its two Optional Protocols (1966).
Sensata also adheres to the principles set forth in the fundamental International Labor Organization ("ILO") Conventions, namely the Forced Labor Convention (1930), the Minimum Age Convention (1973), the Worst Forms of Child Labor Convention (1999) and ILO Declaration on Fundamental Principles and Rights at Work (1998). The working conditions of our employees are, at minimum, in compliance with internationally recognized labor standards and the laws of the countries we operate in. When national law directly conflicts with international human rights standards or does not fully comply with them, Sensata will seek ways to respect internationally recognized human rights.
Employee Engagement
Our long-term success is dependent on hiring, retaining, training, rewarding, and engaging employees for the long-term. We strive to retain and engage employees by providing competitive pay and benefits packages and a challenging and rewarding work experience. We want our employees to feel connected to the business and company strategy, our purpose and what we are doing to add value to them, our customers, and our investors. Our ability to create an environment where ideas are shared freely is fundamental to ensuring our employees reach their true potential, which grants us the ability to innovate. Each person brings unique value no matter their gender, race, age, education or place of birth. We believe an inclusive culture is vital.
Ethics
We have adopted a Code of Business Conduct and Ethics governing the conduct of our personnel, including our principal executive officer, principal financial officer, principal accounting officer, and controller, and persons performing similar functions. In addition, we have adopted a Code of Ethics for Senior Financial Employees. Copies of the current Code of Business Conduct and Ethics and Code of Ethics for Senior Financial Employees are available on the investor relations page of our website at www.sensata.com under Corporate Governance. We have annual required training on Sensata Learning, our online global learning management system.
We believe our management team has the experience necessary to effectively execute our strategy and advance our product and technology leadership. Our chief executive officer and business leaders average approximately 25 years of industry experience. They are supported by an experienced and talented management team who is dedicated to maintaining and expanding our position as a global leader in the industry. For discussion of the risks relating to the attraction and retention of management and executive management employees, see Item 1A, "Risk Factors," included elsewhere in this Report.
Environmental and Governmental Regulations
Our operations and facilities are subject to numerous environmental, health, and safety laws and regulations, both domestic and foreign, including those governing air emissions, chemical usage, water discharges, the management and disposal of hazardous substances and wastes, and the cleanup of contaminated sites. We are, however, not aware of any threatened or pending material environmental investigations, lawsuits, or claims involving us or our operations.
Many of our products are governed by material content restrictions and reporting requirements, examples of which include: EU regulations, such as Registration, Evaluation, Authorization, and Restriction of Chemicals ("REACH"), Restriction of Hazardous Substances ("RoHS"), and End of Life Vehicle ("ELV"); U.S. regulations, such as the conflict minerals requirements of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act; and similar regulations in other countries. Further, numerous customers, across all end markets, are requiring us to provide declarations of compliance or, in some cases, extra material content documentation as a requirement of doing business with them.
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We are subject to compliance with laws and regulations controlling the import and export of goods and services. Certain of our products are subject to International Traffic in Arms Regulation ("ITAR"). The export of many such ITAR-controlled products requires an individual validated license from the U.S. State Department’s Directorate of Defense Trade Controls. The State Department makes licensing decisions based on type of product, destination of end use, end user, national security, and foreign policy. We have a trade compliance team and other systems in place to apply for licenses and otherwise comply with import and export regulations. Any failure to maintain compliance with domestic and foreign trade regulations could limit our ability to import or export raw material and finished goods across various jurisdictions. These laws and regulations are subject to change, and any such change may require us to change technology or incur expenditures to comply with such laws and regulations.
Compliance with environmental and governmental regulations and meeting customer requirements has increased our cost of doing business in a variety of ways and may continue to do so in the future. We do not currently expect any material capital expenditures during fiscal year 2021 for environmental control facilities. We also do not believe that existing or pending legislation, regulation, or international treaties or accords, whether related to environmental or other government regulations, are reasonably likely to have a material adverse effect in the foreseeable future on our business or the markets we serve, nor on our results of operations, capital expenditures, earnings, competitive position, or financial standing.
Available Information
We make available free of charge on our Internet website (www.sensata.com) our Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K, and amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file such material with, or furnish it to, the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC"). Our website and the information contained or incorporated therein are not intended to be incorporated into this Report.
The SEC maintains an Internet site that contains reports, proxy, and information statements, and other information regarding issuers that file electronically with the SEC at www.sec.gov. The contents on, or accessible through, this website or our website are not incorporated into this filing. Further, our references to the URLs for the SEC's website and our website are intended to be inactive textual references only.
ITEM 1A.     RISK FACTORS
The following are important factors that could cause actual results or events to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements made by us or on our behalf. Investors should carefully consider these risks and all other information in this Report before investing in our securities. The risks and uncertainties described below are not the only ones we face. Our business is also subject to general risks that affect many other companies. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us or that we currently deem immaterial may also impair our business, operations, liquidity, and financial condition. Many of the risks listed below are, and will be, exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic and any worsening of the economic environment.
If actions taken by management to limit, monitor or control enterprise risk exposures are not successful, our business and consolidated financial statements could be materially adversely affected. In such case, the trading price of our common stock and debt securities could decline and investors may lose all or part of their investment.
Business and Operational Risks
We are subject to various risks related to public health crises, including the COVID-19 pandemic, which have had, and may in the future have, material and adverse impacts on our business, financial condition, liquidity and results of operations.
Any outbreaks of contagious diseases and other adverse public health developments in countries where we operate could have a material and adverse impact on our business, financial condition, liquidity and results of operations. For example, the COVID-19 pandemic has caused widespread disruptions to our business in fiscal year 2020. During the first quarter of 2020, these disruptions were primarily limited to our manufacturing operations in China, portions of which were closed during the end of January and first half of February due to government mandates. As the virus spread to the rest of the world beginning in March, all of our other operations outside of China also were impacted. These impacts have continued to varying degrees throughout fiscal year 2020, as regions have had varying levels of success mitigating the impacts of the virus, resulting in varying degrees of reopening. As of December 31, 2020, we were still experiencing disruptions, which include, depending on the specific location, partial shutdowns of our facilities as mandated by government decree, government actions limiting our ability to adjust certain costs, significant travel restrictions, “work-from-home” orders, limited availability of our workforce,
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supplier constraints, supply-chain interruptions, logistics challenges and limitations, and reduced demand from certain customers.
In addition, in these challenging and dynamic circumstances, we are working to protect our employees, maintain business continuity and sustain our operations, including ensuring the safety and protection of our people who work in our plants and distribution centers across the world, many of whom support the manufacturing and delivery of products deemed part of the critical infrastructure or essential businesses by the applicable local or country governments. The extent to which the COVID-19 pandemic will continue to impact our business and financial results going forward will be dependent on future developments such as the length and severity of the crisis, the potential resurgence of the crisis, future government actions in response to the crisis and the overall impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the global economy and capital markets, among many other factors, all of which remain highly uncertain and unpredictable.
In addition, the COVID-19 pandemic increases the likelihood and potential severity of other risks discussed elsewhere in this Item 1A, "Risk Factors." These include, but are not limited to, the following:
A protracted economic downturn could negatively affect the financial condition of the industries and customers we serve, which may result in an increase in bankruptcies or insolvencies, a delay in payments, and decreased sales.
A scarcity of resources or other hardships caused by the COVID-19 pandemic may result in increased nationalism, protectionism and political tensions which may cause governments and/or other entities to take actions that may have a significant negative impact on the ability of us, our suppliers, and our customers to conduct business.
The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic may cause us to further restructure our business or divest some of our businesses or product lines in the future, which may have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition, and cash flows.
To mitigate the spread of COVID-19, we have transitioned a significant subset of our employee population to a remote work environment, which may exacerbate various cybersecurity risks to our business, including an increased demand for information technology ("IT") resources, an increased risk of phishing and other cybersecurity attacks, and an increased risk of unauthorized dissemination of sensitive personal information or proprietary or confidential information.
The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted the supply chain, and we may experience increased difficulties in obtaining a consistent supply of materials at stable pricing levels.
If the financial performance of our businesses were to decline significantly as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, we could incur a material non-cash charge to our income statement for the impairment of goodwill and other intangible assets.
The continued global spread of COVID-19 has led to disruption and volatility in the global capital markets, which may increase the cost of, and adversely impact access to, capital.
If the financial performance of our businesses were to decline significantly for an extended period of time as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, we may face challenges to comply with the covenants contained in our credit arrangements.
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Our business is subject to numerous global risks, including regulatory, political, economic, governmental, and military concerns and instability.
Our business, including our employees, customers, and suppliers, are located throughout the world. We employ approximately 92% of our workforce outside of the U.S. Our customers are located throughout the world, and we have many manufacturing, administrative, and sales facilities outside of the U.S. Our subsidiaries located outside of the U.S. generated approximately 64% of our net revenue in fiscal year 2020, with approximately 21% in China, and we expect sales from non-U.S. markets to continue to represent a significant portion of our total net revenue. International sales and operations are subject to changes in local government regulations and policies, including those related to tariffs and trade barriers, investments, taxation, exchange controls, and repatriation of earnings.
As a result, we are exposed to numerous global, regional, and local risks that could decrease revenue and/or increase expenses, and therefore decrease our profitability. Such risks may result from instability in economic or political conditions, inflation, recession, and/or actual or anticipated military or political conflicts, and include, without limitation: trade regulations, including customs, import, and export matters, tariffs, trade barriers, and disputes; local employment costs, regulations, and conditions; difficulties with, and costs for, protecting our intellectual property; challenges in collecting accounts receivable; tax laws and regulatory changes, including examinations by taxing authorities, variations in tax laws from country to country, changes to the terms of income tax treaties, and difficulties in the tax-efficient repatriation of earnings generated or held in a number of jurisdictions; natural disasters; instability in economic or political conditions, inflation, recession, actual or anticipated military or political conflicts, and potential impact due to the upcoming withdrawal of the United Kingdom (the "U.K.") from the EU ("Brexit"); and the impact of each of the foregoing on our business operations, manufacturing, and supply chain.
In addition, other risks are inherent in our non-U.S. operations, including the potential for changes in socio-economic conditions and/or monetary and fiscal policies, intellectual property protection difficulties and disputes, the settlement of legal disputes through certain foreign legal systems, the collection of receivables, exposure to possible expropriation or other government actions, unsettled political conditions, and possible terrorist attacks. These and other factors may have a material adverse effect on our non-U.S. operations and, therefore, on our business and results of operations.
Brexit was completed on January 31, 2020. On December 24, 2020, the EU and the U.K. reached an agreement on their future trading relationship, the Trade and Cooperation Agreement. We are incorporated in the U.K., and we have significant operations and a substantial workforce therein and therefore enjoy certain benefits based on the U.K.’s membership in the EU. The terms of the Trade and Cooperation Agreement, particularly those around financial laws and regulations, tax and free trade agreements, immigration laws, and employment laws, may impact our business and operations. Additionally, there is a risk that other countries may decide to leave the EU. Despite the progress made on reaching the Trade and Cooperation Agreement, there is still uncertainty surrounding Brexit, not only related to the potential affects of our business in the U.K. and the EU, but also on global economic conditions and the stability of global financial markets, which in turn could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
We have sizable operations in China, including two principal manufacturing sites. Economic and political conditions in China have been and may continue to be volatile and uncertain, especially as the U.S. and China continue to discuss and have differences in trade policies. As discussed in the MD&A, increased tariff costs have increased our cost of revenue as a percentage of net revenue in fiscal year 2020. In addition, the legal and regulatory system in China is still developing and is subject to change. Our operations and transactions with customers in China could continue to be adversely affected by increased tariffs and could be otherwise adversely affected by other changes to market conditions, changes to the regulatory environment, or interpretation of Chinese law.
Adverse conditions in the industries upon which we are dependent, including the automotive industry, have had, and may in the future have, adverse effects on our business.
We are dependent on market dynamics to sell our products, and our operating results could be adversely affected by cyclical and reduced demand in these markets. Periodic downturns in our customers’ industries could significantly reduce demand for certain of our products, which could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition, and cash flows.
Much of our business depends on, and is directly affected by, the global automobile industry. Sales in our automotive end markets accounted for approximately 58% of our total net revenue in fiscal year 2020. As discussed in the MD&A, demand in the automotive end market we serve has declined from the prior year. Continued declines in demand such as discussed above, and other adverse developments like those we have seen in past years in the automotive industry, including but not limited to customer bankruptcies and increased demands on us for lower prices, could have adverse effects on our results of operations and could impact our liquidity and our ability to meet restrictive debt covenants. In addition, these same conditions could
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adversely impact certain of our vendors’ financial solvency, resulting in potential liabilities or additional costs to us to ensure uninterrupted supply to our customers.
We may incur material losses and costs as a result of product liability, warranty, and recall claims that may be brought against us.
We have been, and will continue to be, exposed to product liability and warranty claims in the event that our products actually or allegedly fail to perform as expected, or the use of our products results, or is alleged to result, in death, bodily injury, and/or property damage. Accordingly, we could experience material warranty or product liability losses in the future and incur significant costs to defend these claims. In addition, if any of our products are, or are alleged to be, defective, we may be required to participate in a recall of the underlying end product, particularly if the defect or the alleged defect relates to product safety. Depending on the terms under which we supply products, an OEM may hold us responsible for some or all of the repair or replacement costs of these products under warranty when the product supplied did not perform as represented. In addition, a product recall could generate substantial negative publicity about our business and interfere with our manufacturing plans and product delivery obligations as we seek to repair affected products. Our costs associated with product liability, warranty, and recall claims could be material.
We are dependent on market acceptance of our new product introductions and product innovations for future revenue and we may not realize all of the revenue or achieve anticipated gross margins from products subject to existing awards or for which we are currently engaged in development.
Substantially all markets in which we operate are impacted by technological change or change in consumer tastes and preferences, which are rapid in certain markets. Our operating results depend substantially upon our ability to continually design, develop, introduce, and sell new and innovative products; to modify existing products; and to customize products to meet customer requirements driven by such change. There are numerous risks inherent in these processes, including the risk that we will be unable to anticipate the direction of technological change; that we will be unable to develop and market profitable new products and applications before our competitors or in time to satisfy customer demands; the possibility that investment of significant time and resources will not be successful; the possibility that the marketplace does not accept our products or services; that we are unable to retain customers that adopt our new products or services; and the risk of additional liabilities associated with these efforts.
Our ability to generate revenue from products pending customer awards is subject to a number of important risks and uncertainties, many of which are beyond our control, including the number of products our customers will actually produce, as well as the timing of such production. Many of our customer agreements provide for the supply of a certain share of the customer’s requirements for a particular application or platform, rather than for a specific quantity of products. In some cases, we have no remedy if a customer chooses to purchase less than we expect. In cases where customers do make minimum volume commitments to us, our remedy for their failure to meet those minimum volumes may be limited to increased pricing on those products that the customer does purchase from us or renegotiating other contract terms. There is no assurance that such price increases or new terms will offset a shortfall in expected revenue. In addition, some of our customers may have the right to discontinue a program or replace us with another supplier under certain circumstances. As a result, products for which we are currently incurring development expenses may not be manufactured by our customers at all, or may be manufactured in smaller amounts than currently anticipated. Therefore, our anticipated future revenue from products relating to existing customer awards or product development relationships may not result in firm orders from customers for the originally contracted amount. We also incur capital expenditures and other costs and price our products based on estimated production volumes. If actual production volumes were significantly lower than estimated, our anticipated revenue and gross margin from those new products would be adversely affected. We cannot predict the ultimate demand for our customers’ products, nor can we predict the extent to which we would be able to pass through unanticipated per-unit cost increases to our customers.
Increasing costs for, or limitations on the supply of or access to, manufactured components and raw materials may adversely affect our business and results of operations.
We use a broad range of manufactured components, subassemblies, and raw materials in the manufacture of our products in both our Performance Sensing and Sensing Solutions segments, including those containing certain commodities, resins, and rare earth metals, which may experience significant volatility in their price and availability due to, among other things, new laws or regulations, including the impact of tariffs, trade barriers, and disputes, and global economic or political events including government actions, labor strikes, suppliers' allocations to other purchasers, interruptions in production by suppliers, changes in foreign currency exchange rates, and prevailing price levels. It is generally difficult to pass increased prices for manufactured components and raw materials through to our customers in the form of price increases. Therefore, a significant increase in the price or a decrease in the availability of these items could materially increase our operating costs and materially and adversely affect our business and results of operations. We have entered into hedge arrangements for certain metals used in
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our products in an attempt to minimize commodity pricing volatility and may continue to do so from time to time in the future. Such hedges might not be economically successful. In addition, these hedges do not qualify as accounting hedges in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. Accordingly, the change in fair value of these hedges is recognized in earnings immediately, which could cause volatility in our results of operations from quarter to quarter.
The automotive industry supply chain is currently facing a global shortage of semiconductors, the technology used to make microchips, resulting in paused production on certain vehicles and increased costs to procure microchips. As discussed in the MD&A, we believe this shortage will have an adverse impact on our operating costs in fiscal year 2021. If the impacts of this shortage are more severe than we expect, it could result in further deterioration of our results, potentially for a longer period than currently anticipated.
In connection with the implementation of our corporate strategies, we face risks associated with the acquisition of businesses, the integration of acquired businesses, and the growth and development of these businesses.
In pursuing our corporate strategy, we often acquire other businesses. The success of this strategy is dependent upon our ability to identify appropriate acquisition targets, negotiate transactions on favorable terms, complete transactions, and successfully integrate them into our existing businesses. There can be no assurance that we will realize the anticipated synergies or cost savings related to acquisitions, including, but not limited to, revenue growth and operational efficiencies, or that they will be achieved in our estimated timeframe. We may not be able to successfully integrate and streamline overlapping functions from future acquisitions, and integration may be more costly to accomplish than we expect. In addition, we could encounter difficulties in managing our combined company due to its increased size and scope.
Subject to the terms of our indebtedness, we may finance future acquisitions with cash from operations, additional indebtedness, and/or by issuing additional equity securities. In addition, we could face financial risks associated with incurring additional indebtedness such as reducing our liquidity, limiting our access to financing markets, and increasing the amount of service on our debt. The availability of debt to finance future acquisitions may be restricted, and our ability to make future acquisitions may be limited. Refer to separate risk factor for additional information on risks related to our level of indebtedness.
In addition, many of the businesses that we acquire and develop will likely have significantly smaller scales of operations prior to the implementation of our growth strategy. If we are not able to manage the growing complexity of these businesses, including improving, refining, or revising our systems and operational practices, and enlarging the scale and scope of the businesses, our business may be adversely affected. Other risks include developing knowledge of and experience in the new business, integrating the acquired business into our systems and culture, recruiting professionals, and developing and capitalizing on new relationships with experienced market participants. External factors, such as compliance with new or revised regulations, competitive alternatives, and shifting market preferences may also impact the successful implementation of a new line of business. Failure to manage these risks in the acquisition or development of new businesses could materially and adversely affect our business, results of operations, and financial condition.
Restructuring our business or divesting some of our businesses or product lines in the future may have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition, and cash flows.
In pursuing our corporate strategy, we continue to evaluate the strategic fit of specific businesses and products and occasionally dispose of or exit businesses and products. The success of this strategy is dependent upon our ability to identify appropriate disposition targets, negotiate transactions on favorable terms, and complete transactions. Any divestitures may result in significant write-offs, including those related to goodwill and other intangible assets, which could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition. Divestitures could involve additional risks, including difficulties in the separation of operations, services, products, and personnel; the diversion of management's attention from other business concerns; the disruption of our business; and the potential loss of key employees. There can be no assurance that we will be successful in addressing these or any other significant risks encountered.
We also may seek to restructure our business in the future by relocating operations, disposing of certain assets, or consolidating operations. There can be no assurance that any restructuring of our business will not adversely affect our financial condition, leverage, or results of operations. In addition, any significant restructuring of our business will require significant managerial attention, which may be diverted from our other operations.
Labor disruptions or increased labor costs have had, and may in the future have, adverse impacts on our business.
A material labor disruption or work stoppage at one or more of our manufacturing or business facilities could have a material adverse effect on our business. In addition, work stoppages occur relatively frequently in the industries in which many of our customers operate, such as the automotive industry. If one or more of our larger customers were to experience a material
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work stoppage for any reason, that customer may halt or limit the purchase of our products. This could cause us to reduce production levels or shut down production facilities relating to those products, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, and/or financial condition.
We operate in markets that are highly competitive and competitive pressures could require us to lower our prices or result in reduced demand for our products.
We operate in markets that are highly competitive, and we compete on the basis of product performance in mission-critical operating environments, quality, service, reliability, manufacturing footprint, and commercial competitiveness across the industries and end markets we serve. A significant element of our competitive strategy is to design and manufacture high-quality products that meet the needs of our customers at a commercially competitive price, particularly in markets where low-cost, country-based suppliers, primarily in China with respect to the Sensing Solutions segment, have entered the markets or increased their per-unit sales in these markets by delivering products at low cost to local OEMs. In addition, certain of our competitors in the automotive sensor market are influenced or controlled by major OEMs or suppliers, thereby limiting our access to these customers. Many of our customers also rely on us as their sole source of supply for many of the products that we have historically sold to them. These customers may choose to develop relationships with additional suppliers or elect to produce some or all of these products internally, primarily to reduce risk of delivery interruptions or as a means of extracting more value from us. Certain of our customers currently have, or may develop in the future, the capability to internally produce the products that we sell to them and may compete with us with respect to those and other products and with respect to other customers.
Many of our customers, including automotive manufacturers and other industrial and commercial OEMs, demand annual price reductions. If we are not able to offset continued price reductions through improved operating efficiencies and reduced expenditures, these price reductions may have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and cash flows. In addition, our customers occasionally require engineering, design, or production changes. In some circumstances, we may be unable to cover the costs of these changes with price increases. Further, as our customers grow larger, they may increasingly require us to provide them with our products on an exclusive basis, which could limit sales, cause an increase in the number of products we must carry and, consequently, increase our inventory levels and working capital requirements. Certain of our customers, particularly in the automotive industry, are increasingly requiring their suppliers to agree to their standard purchasing terms without deviation as a condition to engage in future business transactions, many of which are increasing warranty requirements. As a result, we may find it difficult to enter into agreements with such customers on terms that are commercially reasonable to us.
Security breaches and other disruptions to our IT infrastructure could interfere with our operations, compromise confidential information, and expose us to liability, which could materially adversely impact our business and reputation.
In the ordinary course of business, we rely on IT networks and systems, some of which are managed by third parties, to process, transmit, and store electronic information, and to manage or support a variety of business processes and activities.
We are at risk of attack by a growing list of adversaries through increasingly sophisticated methods. Because the techniques used to obtain unauthorized access or sabotage systems change frequently, we may be unable to anticipate these techniques or implement adequate preventative measures. In addition, we may not be able to detect breaches in our IT systems or assess the severity or impact of a breach in a timely manner. We regularly experience attacks to our systems and networks and have from time to time experienced cybersecurity breaches, such as computer viruses and malware, unauthorized parties gaining access to our IT systems, and similar incidents, which to date have not had a material impact on our business. If we are unable to efficiently and effectively maintain and upgrade our system safeguards, we may incur unexpected costs and certain of our systems may become more vulnerable to unauthorized access. While we select our third party vendors carefully, problems with the IT systems of our vendors, including breakdowns or other disruptions in communication services provided by a vendor, failure of a vendor to handle current or higher volumes, cyber-attacks, and security breaches at a vendor could adversely affect our ability to deliver products and services to our customers and otherwise conduct our business. Additionally, we are an acquisitive organization and the process of integrating the information systems of the businesses we acquire is complex and exposes us to additional risk as we might not adequately identify weaknesses in the targets’ information systems, which could expose us to unexpected liabilities or make our own systems more vulnerable to attack.
Despite our cybersecurity measures (including employee and third-party training, monitoring of networks and systems, maintenance of backup and protective systems, and maintenance of cybersecurity insurance), our IT networks and infrastructure may still be vulnerable to damage, disruptions, or shutdowns due to attacks by hackers, breaches, employee error or malfeasance, power outages, computer viruses, malware, and ransomware, telecommunication or utility failures, systems failures, natural disasters, or other catastrophic events. We also face the challenge of supporting our older systems and
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implementing necessary upgrades.
Moreover, as we continue to develop products containing complex IT systems designed to support today’s increasingly connected vehicles, these systems also could be susceptible to similar interruptions, including the possibility of unauthorized access. Further, as we transition to offering more cloud-based solutions that are dependent on the Internet or other networks to operate with increased users, we may become a greater target for cyber threats, such as malware, denial of service, external adversaries or insider threats.
These types of incidents affecting us or our third-party vendors could result in intellectual property or other confidential information being lost or stolen, including client, employee, or company data. Any such events could result in legal claims or proceedings, liability or penalties under privacy laws, disruption in operations, and damage to our reputation, which could materially adversely affect our business. Further, to the extent that any disruption or security breach results in a loss of, or damage to, our data, or an inappropriate disclosure of confidential information, it could cause significant damage to our reputation, affect our relationships with our customers, lead to claims against us, and ultimately harm our business, financial condition, and/or results of operations.
Improper disclosure of confidential, personal, or proprietary data could result in regulatory scrutiny, legal liability, or harm to our reputation. Changes to data protection laws, new customer requirements and changes to international data transfer rules could impose new burdens. New developments in smart vehicles changes our risk profile as Sensata creates new classes of personal data with its products and insights.
One of our significant responsibilities is to maintain the security and privacy of our employees’ and customers’ confidential and proprietary information. We maintain policies, procedures, and technological safeguards designed to protect the security and privacy of this information and regularly review compliance changes in the states where Sensata operates. Nevertheless, we cannot eliminate the risk of human error, employee or vendor malfeasance, or cyber-attacks that could result in improper access to or disclosure or transfer of confidential, personal, or proprietary information by Sensata or our supply chain. Such access transfers could harm our reputation and subject us to liability under our contracts and the laws and regulations that protect personal data, resulting in increased costs, loss of revenue, and loss of customers. The release of confidential information could also lead to litigation or other proceedings against us by affected individuals, business partners, or by regulators, and the outcome of such proceedings, which could include penalties or fines, could have a significant negative impact on our business.
In many jurisdictions we are subject to laws and regulations relating to the use of this information. These are becoming increasingly complex and can conflict across the jurisdictions in which we operate. Our failure to adhere to processes in response to changing regulatory requirements could result in legal liability, significant regulator penalties and fines or impair our reputation in the marketplace.
The technological capabilities we are developing in our Smart & Connected initiative bring new risks to our company. Laws and regulations for smart vehicles are expected to continue to evolve in numerous jurisdictions globally, which could affect our product portfolio and operations. Further, managing and securing personal data that our products, as well as our partners’ products, gather is a new and evolving risk for us. We must also prepare and adjust for rapid design philosophies associated with building these new solutions.
Our future success depends in part on our ability to attract and retain key senior management and qualified technical, sales, and other personnel
Our future success depends in part on our continued ability to retain key executives and our ability to attract and retain qualified technical, sales, and other personnel. Significant competition exists for such personnel and we cannot assure the retention of our key executives, technical and sales personnel or our ability to attract, integrate and retain other such personnel that may be required in the future. We cannot assure that employees will not leave and subsequently compete against us. If we are unable to attract and retain key personnel, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected.
Financial Risks
We are exposed to fluctuations in currency exchange rates that could negatively impact our financial results and cash flows.
A portion of our net revenue, expenses, receivables, and payables are denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar (the "USD"). We, therefore, face exposure to adverse movements in exchange rates of currencies other than the USD, which may change over time and could affect our financial results and cash flows. For financial reporting purposes, we, and each of
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our subsidiaries, operate under a USD functional currency because of the significant influence of the USD on our operations. In certain instances, we enter into transactions that are denominated in a currency other than the USD. At the date that such transaction is recognized, each asset, liability, revenue, expense, gain, or loss arising from the transaction is measured and recorded in USD using the exchange rate in effect at that date. At each balance sheet date, recognized monetary balances denominated in a currency other than the USD are adjusted to USD using the exchange rate at the balance sheet date, with gains or losses recognized in other, net in the consolidated statements of operations. During times of a weakening USD, our revenue recognized in currencies other than the USD may increase because the non-U.S. currency will translate into more USD. Conversely, during times of a strengthening USD, our revenue recognized in currencies other than the USD may decrease because the local currency will translate into fewer USD.
Our level of indebtedness could adversely affect our financial condition and our ability to operate our business, including our ability to service our debt and/or comply with the related covenants.
The credit agreement governing our secured credit facility (as amended, the "Credit Agreement") provides for senior secured credit facilities (the "Senior Secured Credit Facilities") consisting of a term loan facility (the "Term Loan"), a $420.0 million revolving credit facility (the "Revolving Credit Facility"), and incremental availability (the "Accordion") under which additional secured credit facilities could be issued under certain circumstances. As of December 31, 2020, we had $4,036.6 million of gross outstanding indebtedness, including various tranches of senior notes (the “Senior Notes”). Refer to Note 14, "Debt," of our Financial Statements for additional information related to our outstanding indebtedness.
Our substantial indebtedness could have important consequences. For example, it could make it more difficult for us to satisfy our debt obligations; restrict us from making strategic acquisitions; limit our ability to repurchase shares; limit our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in our business and future business opportunities, thereby placing us at a competitive disadvantage if our competitors are not as highly-leveraged; increase our vulnerability to general adverse economic and market conditions; or require us to dedicate a substantial portion of our cash flows from operations to payments on our indebtedness if we do not maintain specified financial ratios or are not able to refinance our indebtedness as it comes due, thereby reducing the availability of our cash flows for other purposes.
In addition, the Accordion permits us to incur additional secured credit facilities in certain circumstances in the future, subject to certain limitations as defined in the indentures under which the Senior Notes were issued. This could allow us to issue additional secured debt or increase the capacity of the Revolving Credit Facility. If we increase our indebtedness by borrowing under the Revolving Credit Facility or incur other new indebtedness under the Accordion, the risks described above would increase.
We cannot guarantee that we will be able to obtain enough capital to service our debt and fund our planned capital expenditures and business plan. If we complete additional acquisitions, our debt service requirements could also increase. If we cannot service our indebtedness, we may have to take actions such as selling assets, seeking additional equity investments, or reducing or delaying capital expenditures, strategic acquisitions, investments, and alliances, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our operations. Additionally, we may not be able to effect such actions, if necessary, on commercially reasonable terms, or at all.
If we experience an event of default under any of our debt instruments that is not cured or waived, the holders of the defaulted debt could cause all amounts outstanding with respect to the debt to become due and payable immediately, which, in turn, would result in cross-defaults under our other debt instruments. Our assets and cash flows may not be sufficient to fully repay borrowings if accelerated upon an event of default.
If, when required, we are unable to repay, refinance, or restructure our indebtedness under, or amend the covenants contained in, the Credit Agreement, or if a default otherwise occurs, the lenders under the Senior Secured Credit Facilities could: elect to terminate their commitments thereunder; cease making further loans; declare all borrowings outstanding, together with accrued interest and other fees, to be immediately due and payable; institute foreclosure proceedings against those assets that secure the borrowings under the Senior Secured Credit Facilities; and prevent us from making payments on the Senior Notes. Any such actions could force us into bankruptcy or liquidation, and we might not be able to repay our obligations in such an event.
Changes in government trade policies, including the imposition of tariffs, may have a material impact on our results of operations.
We evaluate all trade policies that impact us, and adjust our operational strategies to mitigate the impact of these policies. However, trade policies, including quotas, duties, tariffs, taxes or other similar restrictions upon the import or export of our products, are subject to change, and we cannot ensure that any mitigation strategies employed will remain available in the future
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or that we will be able to offset tariff-related costs or maintain competitive pricing of our products. The adoption and expansion of trade restrictions, the occurrence of a trade war, or other governmental action related to tariffs or trade agreements or policies has the potential to adversely impact demand for our products, our costs, our customers, our suppliers, and the global economy, which in turn could have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results and financial condition.
Existing free trade laws and regulations, such as the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement, provide certain beneficial duties and tariffs for qualifying imports and exports, subject to compliance with the applicable classification and other requirements. Changes in laws or policies governing the terms of foreign trade, and in particular increased trade restrictions, tariffs or taxes on imports from countries where we manufacture products, such as China and Mexico, could have a material adverse effect on our business and financial results. As discussed in the MD&A, increased tariff costs have increased our cost of revenue as a percentage of net revenue in fiscal year 2020. In addition, most of our facilities in Mexico operate under the Mexican Maquiladora program. This program provides for reduced tariffs and eased import regulations; we could be adversely affected by changes in such program, or by our failure to comply with its requirements.
Further tariffs may be imposed on other imports of our products or our business may be further impacted by retaliatory trade measures taken by China or other countries in response to existing or future U.S. tariffs. We may raise our prices on products subject to such tariffs to share the cost with our customers, which could harm our operating performance or cause our customers to seek alternative suppliers. In addition, we may seek to shift some of our China manufacturing to other countries, which could result in additional costs and disruption to our operations. We also sell our products globally and, therefore, our export sales could be impacted by the tariffs. Any material reduction in sales may have a material adverse effect on our results of operations.
We have recorded a significant amount of goodwill and other identifiable intangible assets, and we may be required to recognize goodwill or intangible asset impairments, which would reduce our earnings.
We have recorded a significant amount of goodwill and other identifiable intangible assets. Goodwill and other intangible assets, net totaled approximately $3.8 billion as of December 31, 2020, or 48% of our total assets. Goodwill, which represents the future economic benefits arising from other assets acquired in a business combination that are not individually identified and separately recognized, was approximately $3.1 billion as of December 31, 2020, or 40% of our total assets. Goodwill and other identifiable intangible assets were recognized at fair value as of the corresponding acquisition date. Impairment of goodwill and other identifiable intangible assets may result from, among other things, deterioration in our performance, adverse market conditions, adverse changes in laws or regulations, significant unexpected or planned changes in the use of assets, and a variety of other factors. We consider a combination of quantitative and qualitative factors to determine whether a reporting unit is at risk of failing Step 1 of the goodwill impairment test, including: the timing of our most recent quantitative impairment tests and the relative amount by which a reporting unit’s fair value exceeded its then carrying value, the inputs and assumptions underlying our valuation models and the sensitivity of our fair value measurements to those inputs and assumptions, the impact that adverse economic or market conditions may have on the degree of uncertainty inherent in our long-term operating forecasts, and changes in the carrying value of a reporting unit’s net assets from the time of our most recent goodwill impairment test.
The amount of any quantified impairment must be expensed immediately as a charge that is included in operating income, which may impact our ability to raise capital. Should certain assumptions used in the development of the fair value of our reporting units change, we may be required to recognize goodwill or other intangible asset impairments. Refer to Note 11, "Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, Net," of our Financial Statements for additional information related to our goodwill and other identifiable intangible assets. Refer to Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates, included in the MD&A for additional information related to the assumptions used in the development of the fair value of our reporting units.
Our global effective tax rate is subject to a variety of different factors that could create volatility in that tax rate, expose us to greater than anticipated tax liabilities, or cause us to adjust previously recognized tax assets and liabilities.
We are subject to income taxes in the U.K., China, Mexico, the U.S., and many other jurisdictions. As a result, our global effective tax rate from period to period can be affected by many factors, including changes in tax legislation, changes in tax rates and tax laws, our jurisdictional mix of earnings, the use of global funding structures, the tax characteristics of our income, the effects on our revenues and costs of complying with transfer pricing requirements under differing laws of various countries, consequences of acquisitions and dispositions of businesses and business segments, the generation of sufficient future taxable income to realize our deferred tax assets, and the taxation of subsidiary income in the jurisdiction of its parent company regardless of whether or not distributed. Significant judgment is required in determining our worldwide provision for (or benefit from) income taxes, and our determination of the amount of our tax liability is always subject to review by applicable tax authorities. Refer to Note 7, "Income Taxes," of our Financial Statements for additional information related to our accounting for income taxes.
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We cannot provide any assurances as to what our tax rate will be in any period because of, among other things, uncertainty regarding the nature and extent of our business activities in any particular jurisdiction in the future and the tax laws of such jurisdictions, as well as changes in U.S. and other tax laws, treaties, and regulations, in particular related to proposed tax laws by the U.S. government as a result of seating of a new administration, which could increase our tax liabilities. Our actual global tax rate may vary from our expectation and that variance may be material. We continuously monitor all global regulatory developments and consider alternatives to limit their detrimental impacts. However, not all unfavorable developments can be moderated and we may consequently experience adverse effects on our effective tax rate and cash flows. Therefore, we cannot provide any assurances as to what our tax rate will be in any future period.
For example, the European Commission (“EC”) has been conducting investigations of state aid and have focused on whether EU sovereign country laws or rulings provide favorable treatment to taxpayers conflicting with its interpretation of EU law. EC findings may have retroactive effect and can cause increases in tax liabilities where we considered ourselves in full compliance with local legislation. Furthermore, the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (“OECD”), representing a number of jurisdictions where we conduct business, is recommending changes to long-accepted tax principles applied by most multinational corporations. As currently drafted, OECD guidelines would precipitate incremental future tax liabilities to Sensata. However, the OECD guidelines’ timing and impact to us remains unclear. We continue to monitor developments and shall react accordingly.
We could be subject to future audits conducted by these foreign and domestic tax authorities, and the resolution of such audits could impact our tax rate in future periods, as would any reclassification or other changes (such as those in applicable accounting rules) that increases the amounts we have provided for income taxes in our consolidated financial statements. There can be no assurance that we would be successful in attempting to mitigate the adverse impacts resulting from any changes in law, audits and other matters. Our inability to mitigate the negative consequences of any changes in the law, audits and other matters could cause our global tax rate to increase, our use of cash to increase and our financial condition and results of operations to suffer.
We are a holding company and, therefore, may not be able to receive dividends or other payments in needed amounts from our subsidiaries.
We are organized as a holding company, a legal entity separate and distinct from our operating entities. As a holding company without significant operations of its own, our principal assets are the shares of capital stock of our subsidiaries. We rely on dividends, interest, and other payments from these subsidiaries to meet our obligations for paying principal and interest on outstanding debt, repurchasing ordinary shares, and corporate expenses. Certain of our subsidiaries are subject to regulatory requirements of the jurisdictions in which they operate or other restrictions that may limit the amounts that subsidiaries can pay in dividends or other payments to us. No assurance can be given that there will not be further changes in law, regulatory actions, or other circumstances that could restrict the ability of our subsidiaries to pay dividends or otherwise make payments to us. Furthermore, no assurance can be given that our subsidiaries may be able to make timely payments to us in order for us to meet our obligations.
Legal and Regulatory Risks
We could be adversely affected by violations of the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (the "FCPA"), the U.K.'s Bribery Act, and similar worldwide anti-bribery laws.
The U.S. FCPA, the U.K.'s Bribery Act, and similar worldwide anti-bribery laws generally prohibit companies and their intermediaries from making improper payments to government officials for the purpose of obtaining or retaining business. Our policies mandate compliance with these anti-bribery laws. We operate in many parts of the world that have experienced governmental corruption to some degree, and in certain circumstances, strict compliance with anti-bribery laws may conflict with local customs and practices. Despite our training and compliance program, we cannot provide assurance that our internal control policies and procedures will protect us from reckless or criminal acts committed by our employees or agents. Violations of these laws, or allegations of such violations, could disrupt our business and result in a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition, and/or cash flows.
Export of our products is subject to various export control regulations and may require a license from the U.S. Department of State, the U.S. Department of Commerce, or the U.S. Department of the Treasury. Any failure to comply with such regulations could result in governmental enforcement actions, fines, penalties, or other remedies, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, and financial condition.
Certain of our products require us to comply with the U.S. Export Administration Regulations, ITAR, and the sanctions, regulations, and embargoes administered by the Office of Foreign Assets Control ("OFAC"). Our products that have military
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applications are on the munitions list of ITAR and require an individual validated license in order to be exported to certain jurisdictions. These restrictions also apply to technical data for design, development, production, use, repair, and maintenance of such ITAR-controlled products. The export of ITAR-controlled products or technical data requires an individual validated license from the U.S. State Department’s Directorate of Defense Trade Controls.
We also export products that are subject to other export regulations. Any changes in these export regulations may further restrict the export of our products, and we may cease to be able to procure export licenses for our products under existing regulations. This area remains fluid in terms of regulatory developments. Should we need an export license under existing regulations, the length of time required by the licensing process can vary, potentially delaying the shipment of products and the recognition of the corresponding revenue. We have no control over the time it takes to process an export license. Any restriction on the export of a significant product line or a significant amount of our products could cause a significant reduction in revenue.
We have discovered in the past, and may discover in the future, deficiencies in our OFAC and ITAR compliance programs. Although we continue to enhance these compliance programs, we cannot assure you that any such enhancements will ensure that we are in compliance with applicable laws and regulations at all times, or that applicable authorities will not raise compliance concerns or perform audits to confirm our compliance with applicable laws and regulations. Any failure by us to comply with applicable laws and regulations could result in governmental enforcement actions, fines or penalties, criminal and/or civil proceedings, or other remedies, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, and/or financial condition.
Changes in existing environmental or safety laws, regulations, and programs could reduce demand for our products, which could cause our revenue to decline.
A significant amount of our business is generated either directly or indirectly as a result of existing laws, regulations, and programs related to environmental protection, fuel economy, energy efficiency, and safety regulation. Accordingly, a relaxation or repeal of these laws and regulations, or changes in governmental policies regarding the funding, implementation, or enforcement of these programs, could result in a decline in demand for environmental and/or safety products, which may have a material adverse effect on our revenue.
Our operations expose us to the risk of material environmental liabilities, litigation, government enforcement actions, and reputational risk.
We are subject to numerous federal, state, and local environmental protection and health and safety laws and regulations in the various countries where we operate and where our products are sold. These laws and regulations govern, among other things, the generation, storage, use, and transportation of hazardous materials; emissions or discharges of substances into the environment; investigation and remediation of hazardous substances or materials at various sites; greenhouse gas emissions; product hazardous material content; and the health and safety of our employees.
We may not have been, or we may not always be, in compliance with all environmental and health and safety laws and regulations. If we violate these laws, we could be fined, criminally charged, or otherwise sanctioned by regulators. In addition, environmental and health and safety laws are becoming more stringent, resulting in increased costs and compliance burdens.
Certain environmental laws assess liability on current or previous owners or operators of real property for the costs of investigation, removal, and remediation of hazardous substances or materials at their properties or properties at which they have disposed of hazardous substances. Liability for investigation, removal, and remediation costs under certain federal and state laws is retroactive, strict, and joint and several. In addition to cleanup actions brought by governmental authorities, private parties could bring personal injury or other claims due to the presence of, or exposure to, hazardous substances.
We cannot provide assurance that our costs of complying with current or future environmental protection and health and safety laws, or our liabilities arising from past or future releases of, or exposures to, hazardous substances will not exceed our estimates or adversely affect our results of operations, financial condition, and cash flows, or that we will not be subject to additional environmental claims for personal injury, property damage, and/or cleanup in the future based on our past, present, or future business activities.
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In addition, our products are subject to various requirements related to chemical usage, hazardous material content, and recycling. The EU, China, and other jurisdictions in which our products are sold have enacted or are proposing to enact laws addressing environmental and other impacts from product disposal, use of hazardous materials in products, use of chemicals in manufacturing, recycling of products at the end of their useful life, and other related matters. These laws include but are not limited to the EU RoHS, ELV, and Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment Directives; the EU REACH regulation; and the China law on Management Methods for Controlling Pollution by Electronic Information Products. These laws prohibit the use of certain substances in the manufacture of our products and directly and indirectly impose a variety of requirements for modification of manufacturing processes, registration, chemical testing, labeling, and other matters. These laws continue to proliferate and expand in these and other jurisdictions to address other materials and aspects of our product manufacturing and sale. These laws could make the manufacture or sale of our products more expensive or impossible, could limit our ability to sell our products in certain jurisdictions, and could result in liability for product recalls, penalties, or other claims.
Our ability to compete effectively depends, in part, on our ability to maintain the proprietary nature of our products and technology.
The electronics industry is characterized by litigation regarding patent and other intellectual property rights. Within this industry, companies have become more aggressive in asserting and defending patent claims against competitors. There can be no assurance that we will not be subject to future litigation alleging infringement or invalidity of certain of our intellectual property rights, or that we will not have to pursue litigation to protect our property rights. Depending on the importance of the technology, product, patent, trademark, or trade secret in question, an unfavorable outcome regarding one of these matters may have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition, and/or cash flows.
We may be subject to claims that our products or processes infringe on the intellectual property rights of others, which may cause us to pay unexpected litigation costs or damages, modify our products or processes, or prevent us from selling our products.
Third parties may claim that our processes and products infringe their intellectual property rights. Whether or not these claims have merit, we may be subject to costly and time consuming legal proceedings, and this could divert management’s attention from operating our business. If these claims are successfully asserted against us, we could be required to pay substantial damages, make future royalty payments, and/or could be prevented from selling some or all of our products. We also may be obligated to indemnify our business partners or customers in any such litigation. Furthermore, we may need to obtain licenses from these third parties or substantially re-engineer or rename our products in order to avoid infringement. In addition, we might not be able to obtain the necessary licenses on acceptable terms, or at all, or be able to re-engineer or rename our products successfully. If we are prevented from selling some or all of our products, our sales could be materially adversely affected.
We are a defendant to a variety of litigation in the course of our business that could cause a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition, and/or cash flows.
In the normal course of business, we are, from time to time, a defendant in litigation, including litigation alleging the infringement of intellectual property rights, anti-competitive behavior, product liability, breach of contract, and employment-related claims. In certain circumstances, patent infringement and antitrust laws permit successful plaintiffs to recover treble damages. The defense of these lawsuits may divert our management's attention, and we may incur significant expenses in defending these lawsuits. In addition, we may be required to pay damage awards or settlements, or become subject to injunctions or other equitable remedies, that could cause a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition, and/or cash flows.
U.K. Domicile Risks
As a public limited company incorporated under the laws of England and Wales, we may have less flexibility with respect to certain aspects of capital management.
English law imposes additional restrictions on certain corporate actions. For example, English law provides that a board of directors may only allot, or issue, securities with the prior authorization of shareholders, such authorization being up to the aggregate nominal amount of shares and for a maximum period of five years, each as specified in the articles of association or relevant shareholder resolution. English law also generally provides shareholders with preemptive rights when new shares are issued for cash; however, it is possible for the articles of association, or shareholders at a general meeting, to exclude preemptive rights. Such an exclusion of preemptive rights may be for a maximum period of up to five years as specified in the articles of association or relevant shareholder resolution. We currently only have authorization to issue shares under our equity
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plan excluding preemptive rights until our next annual general meeting. This authorization and exclusion needs to be renewed by our shareholders periodically and we intend to renew the authorization and exclusion at each annual general meeting.
English law also requires us to have available "distributable reserves" to make share repurchases or pay dividends to shareholders. Distributable reserves may be created through the earnings of the U.K. parent company or other actions. While we intend to maintain a sufficient level of distributable reserves, there is no assurance that we will continue to generate sufficient earnings in order to maintain the necessary level of distributable reserves to make share repurchases or pay dividends.
English law also generally prohibits a company from repurchasing its own shares by way of "off-market purchases" without the prior approval of our shareholders. Such approval lasts for a maximum period of up to five years. Our shares are traded on the New York Stock Exchange, which is not a recognized investment exchange in the U.K. Consequently, any repurchase of our shares is currently considered an "off-market purchase." Our current authorization expires on May 28, 2025, and we intend to renew this authorization periodically.
As a public limited company incorporated under the laws of England and Wales, the enforcement of civil liabilities against us may be more difficult.
Because we are a public limited company incorporated under the laws of England and Wales, investors could experience more difficulty enforcing judgments obtained against us in U.S. courts than would have been the case for a U.S. company. In addition, it may be more difficult (or impossible) to bring some types of claims against us in courts in England than it would be to bring similar claims against a U.S. company in a U.S. court.
As a public limited company incorporated under the laws of England and Wales, it may not be possible to effect service of process upon us within the U.S. to enforce judgments of U.S. courts against us based on the civil liability provisions of the U.S. federal securities laws.
There is doubt as to the enforceability in England and Wales, in original actions or in actions for enforcement of judgments of U.S. courts, of civil liabilities solely based on the U.S. federal securities laws. The English courts will, however, treat any amount payable by us under U.S. judgment as a debt and new proceedings can be commenced in the English courts to enforce this debt against us. The following criteria must be satisfied for the English court to enforce the debt created by the U.S. judgment: (1) the U.S. court having had jurisdiction over the original proceedings according to English conflicts of laws principles and rules of English private international law at the time when proceedings were initiated; (2) the U.S. proceedings not having been brought in breach of a jurisdiction or arbitration clause except with the agreement of the defendant or the defendant’s subsequent submission to the jurisdiction of the court; (3) the U.S. judgment being final and conclusive on the merits in the sense of being final and unalterable in the court which pronounced it and being for a definite sum of money; (4) the recognition or enforcement, as the case may be, of the U.S. judgment not contravening English public policy in a sufficiently significant way or contravening the Human Rights Act 1998 (or any subordinate legislation made thereunder, to the extent applicable); (5) the U.S. judgment not being for a sum payable in respect of taxes, or other charges of a like nature, or in respect of a penalty or fine, or otherwise based on a U.S. law that an English court considers to be a penal or revenue law; (6) the U.S. judgment not having been arrived at by doubling, trebling or otherwise multiplying a sum assessed as compensation for the loss or damages sustained, and not otherwise being a judgment contrary to section 5 of the Protection of Trading Interests Act 1980 or is a judgment based on measures designated by the Secretary of State under Section 1 of that Act; (7) the U.S. judgment not having been obtained by fraud or in breach of English principles of natural justice; (8) the U.S. judgment not being a judgment on a matter previously determined by an English court, or another court whose judgment is entitled to recognition (or enforcement as the case may be) in England, in proceedings involving the same parties that conflicts with an earlier judgment of such court; (9) the party seeking enforcement (being a party who is not ordinarily resident in some part of the U.K. or resident in an EU Member State) providing security for costs, if ordered to do so by the English courts; and (10) the English enforcement proceedings being commenced within the relevant limitation period.
If an English court gives judgment for the sum payable under a U.S. judgment, the English judgment will be enforceable by methods generally available for this purpose. These methods generally permit the English court discretion to prescribe the manner of enforcement. In addition, in any enforcement proceedings, the judgment debtor may raise any counterclaim that could have been brought if the action had been originally brought in England unless the subject of the counterclaim was in issue and denied in the U.S. proceedings.
ITEM 1B.     UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
None.
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ITEM 2.     PROPERTIES
As of December 31, 2020, we occupied principal manufacturing facilities and business centers in the following locations:
Reportable Segment Approximate Square Footage (in thousands)
Performance Sensing Sensing Solutions
Country Location Owned Leased
Bulgaria Botevgrad X 169
Bulgaria Plovdiv X 125
Bulgaria Sofia X 121
China
Baoying (1)
X X 296 385
China Changzhou X X 335 256
Malaysia Subang Jaya X 138
Mexico Aguascalientes X X 489
Mexico
Tijuana
X X 235
Netherlands Hengelo X X 94
United Kingdom Antrim X 137
United Kingdom
Swindon (2)
X 34
United States
Attleboro, MA (3)
X X 443
United States Carpinteria, CA X X 50
United States Thousand Oaks, CA X X 115
1,552 1,870
__________________________________________
(1)    The owned portion of the properties in this location serves the Sensing Solutions segment only.
(2)    Our U.K. headquarters is located in this facility.
(3)    Our U.S. headquarters is located in this facility.
These facilities are primarily devoted to research, development, engineering, manufacturing, and assembly. In addition to these principal facilities, we occupy other manufacturing, engineering, warehousing, administrative, and sales facilities worldwide, which are primarily leased.
We consider our manufacturing facilities sufficient to meet our current operational requirements. An increase in demand for our products may require us to expand our production capacity, which could require us to identify and acquire or lease additional manufacturing facilities. We believe that suitable additional or substitute facilities will be available as required; however, if we are unable to acquire, integrate, and move into production the facilities, equipment, and personnel necessary to meet such an increase in demand, our customer relationships, results of operations, and/or financial condition may suffer materially. Leases covering our currently occupied principal leased facilities expire at varying dates within the next 16 years. We do not anticipate difficulty in retaining occupancy through lease renewals, month-to-month occupancy, or by replacing the leased facilities with equivalent facilities.
A significant portion of our owned properties and equipment is subject to a lien under the Senior Secured Credit Facilities. Refer to Note 14, "Debt," of our Financial Statements for additional information related to the Senior Secured Credit Facilities.
ITEM 3.     LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
We are regularly involved in a number of claims and litigation matters that arise in the ordinary course of business. Although it is not feasible to predict the outcome of these matters, based upon our experience and current information known to us, we do not expect the outcome of these matters, either individually or in the aggregate, to have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition, or cash flows.
ITEM 4.     MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES
Not applicable.
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PART II
ITEM 5.     MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS, AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES
Market Information
Our ordinary shares trade on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol "ST."
Performance Graph
The following graph compares the total shareholder return of our ordinary shares since December 31, 2015 to the total shareholder return since that date of the Standard & Poor’s ("S&P") 500 Stock Index and the S&P 500 Industrial Index. The graph assumes that the value of the investment in our ordinary shares and each index was $100.00 on December 31, 2015.
ST-20201231_G1.JPG
Total Shareholder Return of $100.00 Investment from December 31, 2015
As of December 31,
  2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
Sensata $ 100.00  $ 84.56  $ 110.96  $ 97.35  $ 116.96  $ 114.50 
S&P 500
$ 100.00  $ 111.96  $ 136.40  $ 130.42  $ 171.49  $ 203.04 
S&P 500 Industrial
$ 100.00  $ 116.08  $ 137.60  $ 116.96  $ 148.34  $ 161.70 
The information in the graph and table above is not "soliciting material," is not deemed "filed" with the United States (the "U.S.") Securities and Exchange Commission, and is not to be incorporated by reference in any of our filings under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, whether made before or after the date of this Annual Report on Form 10-K (this "Report"), except to the extent that we specifically incorporate such information by reference. The total shareholder return shown on the graph represents past performance and should not be considered an indication of future price performance.
Stockholders
As of January 29, 2021, there were three holders of record of our ordinary shares, primarily Cede & Co. (which acts as nominee shareholder for the Depository Trust Company).
Dividends
We have never declared or paid any dividends on our ordinary shares, and we currently do not plan to declare any such dividends in the foreseeable future. Because we are a holding company, our ability to pay cash dividends on our ordinary shares may be limited by restrictions on our ability to obtain sufficient funds through dividends from our subsidiaries, including
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restrictions under the terms of the agreements governing our indebtedness. In that regard, our indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary, Sensata Technologies B.V. ("STBV"), may be limited in its ability to pay dividends or otherwise make distributions to its immediate parent company and, ultimately, to us. Refer to Note 14, "Debt," of our audited consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes thereto (our "Financial Statements") included elsewhere in this Report for additional information related to our dividend restrictions.
Additionally, certain of our subsidiaries may be limited in their ability to pay dividends or make other distributions to the extent that the shareholders' equity of such subsidiary exceeds the reserves required to be maintained by law or under its articles of association. Under the laws of England and Wales, we are able to declare dividends, make distributions, or repurchase shares only out of distributable reserves on our statutory balance sheet. Distributable reserves are a company’s accumulated, realized profits, so far as not previously utilized by distribution or capitalization, less its accumulated, realized losses, so far as not previously written off in a reduction or reorganization of capital duly made. Realized reserves are determined in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles at the time the relevant accounts are prepared. We are not permitted to make a distribution if, at the time, the amount of our net assets is less than the aggregate of our issued and paid-up share capital and undistributable reserves or to the extent that the distribution will reduce our net assets below such amount. Subject to these limitations, the payment of cash dividends in the future, if any, will depend upon such factors as earnings levels, capital requirements, contractual restrictions, our overall financial condition, and any other factors deemed relevant by our shareholders and Board of Directors.
Under current United Kingdom ("U.K.") tax legislation, any future dividends paid by us will not be subject to withholding or deduction on account of U.K. tax, irrespective of the tax residence or the individual circumstances of the recipient shareholder. Shareholders should consult their tax advisors regarding their particular tax situation and the income tax consequences on any potential dividend income received from us.
Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
Period
Total Number of Shares Purchased
(in shares) (1)
Weighted-Average 
Price
Paid per Share
Total Number of
Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly
Announced Plan or Programs
Approximate Dollar Value of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plan or Programs
(in millions)
October 1 through October 31, 2020 —  $ —  —  $ 302.3 
November 1 through November 30, 2020 10,499  $ 43.71  —  $ 302.3 
December 1 through December 31, 2020 2,301  $ 50.97  —  $ 302.3 
Quarter total 12,800  $ 45.02  —  $ 302.3 
__________________________
(1)     The number of ordinary shares presented were withheld upon the vesting of restricted securities to cover payment of employee withholding tax. These withholdings took place outside of a publicly announced repurchase plan.
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ITEM 6.     SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
We have derived the selected consolidated statements of operations and other financial data for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018 and the selected consolidated balance sheet data as of December 31, 2020 and 2019 from our Financial Statements. We have derived the selected consolidated statements of operations and other financial data for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 and the selected consolidated balance sheet data as of December 31, 2018, 2017, and 2016 from audited consolidated financial statements not included in this Report.
You should read the following information in conjunction with our Financial Statements and Item 7, "Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations," included elsewhere in this Report (the "MD&A"). Our historical results are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected in any future period.
 
Sensata Technologies Holding plc (Consolidated) (a)
  For the year ended December 31,
(In thousands, except per share data) 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016
Statement of operations data: (b)
Net revenue $ 3,045,578  $ 3,450,631  $ 3,521,627  $ 3,306,733  $ 3,202,288 
Operating costs and expenses:
Cost of revenue 2,119,044  2,267,433  2,266,863  2,138,898  2,084,159 
Research and development 131,429  148,425  147,279  130,127  126,656 
Selling, general and administrative 294,725  281,442  305,558  301,896  293,506 
Amortization of intangible assets 129,549  142,886  139,326  161,050  201,498 
Restructuring and other charges, net (c)
33,094  53,560  (47,818) 18,975  4,113 
Total operating costs and expenses 2,707,841  2,893,746  2,811,208  2,750,946  2,709,932 
Operating income 337,737  556,885  710,419  555,787  492,356 
Interest expense, net (171,757) (158,554) (153,679) (159,761) (165,818)
Other, net(d)
(339) (7,908) (30,365) 6,415  (5,093)
Income before taxes 165,641  390,423  526,375  402,441  321,445 
Provision for/(benefit from) income taxes (e)
1,355  107,709  (72,620) (5,916) 59,011 
Net income $ 164,286  $ 282,714  $ 598,995  $ 408,357  $ 262,434 
Basic net income per share $ 1.04  $ 1.76  $ 3.55  $ 2.39  $ 1.54 
Diluted net income per share $ 1.04  $ 1.75  $ 3.53  $ 2.37  $ 1.53 
Weighted-average ordinary shares outstanding—basic 157,373  160,946  168,570  171,165  170,709 
Weighted-average ordinary shares outstanding—diluted 158,134  161,968  169,859  172,169  171,460 
Other financial data: (b)
Net cash provided by/(used in):
Operating activities $ 559,775  $ 619,562  $ 620,563  $ 557,646  $ 521,525 
Investing activities $ (182,092) $ (208,777) $ (237,606) $ (140,722) $ (174,778)
Financing activities $ 710,178  $ (366,499) $ (406,213) $ (15,263) $ (337,582)
Additions to property, plant and equipment and capitalized software $ (106,719) $ (161,259) $ (159,787) $ (144,584) $ (130,217)
As of December 31,
(In thousands) 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016
Balance sheet data: (b)
Cash and cash equivalents $ 1,861,980  $ 774,119  $ 729,833  $ 753,089  $ 351,428 
Working capital (f)
$ 1,484,815  $ 1,330,906  $ 1,277,211  $ 1,218,796  $ 758,189 
Total assets $ 7,844,202  $ 6,834,519  $ 6,797,687  $ 6,641,525  $ 6,240,976 
Total debt, net including finance lease and other financing obligations $ 3,998,883  $ 3,255,613  $ 3,264,941  $ 3,270,269  $ 3,273,594 
Total shareholders’ equity $ 2,705,486  $ 2,573,755  $ 2,608,434  $ 2,345,626  $ 1,942,007 
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__________________________________________
(a)On March 28, 2018, the cross-border merger of Sensata Technologies Holding N.V. ("Sensata N.V.") and Sensata Technologies Holding plc ("Sensata plc") was completed, with Sensata plc being the surviving entity (the "Merger"). On the date of the Merger, Sensata plc became the publicly-traded parent of the subsidiary companies that were previously controlled by Sensata N.V., with no changes made to the business being conducted by Sensata N.V. prior to the Merger. Due to the various legal aspects of the Merger, Sensata plc retains the historical data of Sensata N.V., and no recasting or adjustment is required as a result of the Merger.
(b)We acquired GIGAVAC, LLC ("GIGAVAC") in fiscal year 2018. Pro forma amounts are not shown. We sold the capital stock of Schrader Bridgeport International, Inc. and August France Holding Company SAS (collectively, the "Valves Business") in fiscal year 2018. Prior year amounts have not been recast.
(c)Restructuring and other charges, net for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, 2018, 2017, and 2016 consisted of the following (refer also to Note 5, "Restructuring and Other Charges, Net," of our Financial Statements):
For the year ended December 31,
(In thousands) 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016
Q2 2020 Global Restructure Program (i)
$ 24,458  $ —  $ —  $ —  $ — 
Other restructuring charges
Severance costs, net (i)(ii)
3,042  29,240  7,566  11,125  813 
Facility and other exit costs (iii)
1,323  808  877  7,850  3,300 
Gain on sale of Valves Business (i)
—  —  (64,423) —  — 
Other (i)
4,271  23,512  8,162  —  — 
Restructuring and other charges, net $ 33,094  $ 53,560  $ (47,818) $ 18,975  $ 4,113 
__________________________________________
(i)    Refer to Note 5, "Restructuring and Other Charges, Net," of our Financial Statements for additional information regarding amounts recognized in each of the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018.
(ii)    For the year ended December 31, 2017, included $8.4 million of charges related to the closure of our facility in Minden, Germany, a site we obtained in connection with the acquisition of certain subsidiaries of Custom Sensors & Technologies Ltd. ("CST") in fiscal year 2015.
(iii)    For the year ended December 31, 2017, these amounts included $3.2 million of costs related to the closure of our facility in Minden, Germany and $3.1 million of costs associated with the consolidation of two other manufacturing sites in Europe. For the year ended December 31, 2016 these amounts primarily related to the relocation of manufacturing lines from our facility in the Dominican Republic to a manufacturing facility in Mexico.
(d)Other, net for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, 2018, 2017, and 2016 consisted of the following:
For the year ended December 31,
(In thousands) 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016
Gain/(loss) related to foreign currency exchange rates (i)
$ 4,071  $ (4,577) $ (16,835) $ 2,423  $ (12,471)
Gain/(loss) on commodity forward contracts 10,027  4,888  (8,481) 9,989  7,399 
Loss on debt financing —  (4,364) (2,350) (2,670) — 
Net periodic benefit cost, excluding service cost (9,980) (3,186) (3,585) (3,402) (192)
Other (4,457) (669) 886  75  171 
Other, net $ (339) $ (7,908) $ (30,365) $ 6,415  $ (5,093)
__________________________________________
(i)    Includes net losses and gains on foreign currency remeasurement and foreign currency forward contracts. Refer to Note 6, "Other, Net," of our Financial Statements for additional information.
(e)In the year ended December 31, 2020, we completed the transfer of intangible property which resulted in a $54.2 million deferred tax benefit. For the year ended December 31, 2018, this amount included an income tax benefit of $122.1 million related to the realization of U.S. deferred tax assets previously offset by a valuation allowance. Refer to Note 7, "Income Taxes," of our Financial Statements for additional information. For the year ended December 31, 2017, this amount included an income tax benefit of $73.7 million related to the enactment of U.S. tax legislation in the fourth quarter of 2017.
(f)We define working capital as current assets less current liabilities.
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ITEM 7.     MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following discussion and analysis is intended to help the reader understand our business, financial condition, results of operations, and liquidity and capital resources. You should read the following discussion in conjunction with Item 1, "Business," Item 6, "Selected Financial Data," and our Financial Statements included elsewhere in this Report.
The statements in this discussion regarding industry outlook, our expectations regarding our future performance, liquidity and capital resources, and other non-historical statements are forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements are subject to numerous risks and uncertainties including, but not limited to, the risks and uncertainties described in Item 1A, "Risk Factors," included elsewhere in this Report. Our actual results may differ materially from those contained in or implied by any forward-looking statements.
Overview
Sensata Technologies Holding plc, the successor issuer to Sensata N.V. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, collectively referred to as the "Company," "Sensata," "we," "our," and "us," is a global industrial technology company that develops, manufactures, and sells sensors, electrical protection products, and other products that are used in mission-critical systems and applications that create valuable business insights for our customers and end users.
Original equipment manufacturers ("OEMs") are producing products that are safer, cleaner, more efficient, more electrified, and increasingly more connected. Our sensors are used by our customers to translate a physical parameter, such as pressure, temperature, position, or location of an object, into electronic signals that our customers’ products and solutions can act upon. Our electrical protection product portfolio is comprised of various sensors, controllers, receivers, and software, and include high-voltage contactors and other products embedded within systems to maximize their efficiency and protect them from excessive heat or current.
Our business strategy involves leveraging certain new and emerging technology trends, which complement our existing product offerings, to deliver products used in mission-critical systems and applications that create valuable business insights for our customers and end users. Each of these trends, which we refer to as “megatrends,” is expected to significantly transform the industries in which we operate. These megatrends are also creating greater secular demand for our products, resulting in growth that exceeds end-market production growth in many of the markets we serve, a defining characteristic of our company. We refer to this as “market outgrowth,” which describes the impact of an increasing quantity and value of our products used in customer systems and applications, and is only loosely correlated to normal unit demand fluctuations in the markets we serve. Refer to Item 1, "Business," included elsewhere in this Report for additional information related to our business strategy and megatrends.
Our customers are facing ever increasing mandates, due to regulation and consumer demand, to make their products cleaner, more efficient, and safer, while providing more comfort-related features. Our sensors are being used in mission-critical systems and applications that are addressing these demands, including those that help: industrial customers to make more efficient pumps and boilers; automotive customers to meet the standards of emissions and pollution control legislation; and fleet managers to proactively monitor the health of their vehicles, conduct proactive maintenance, optimize fleet operations, and enhance driver safety. We believe regulatory requirements for safer vehicles, higher fuel efficiency, and lower emissions, such as the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration's Corporate Average Fuel Economy requirements in the U.S., "Euro 6d" requirements in Europe, "China National 6" requirements in China, and "Bharat Stage VI" requirements in India, as well as customer demand for operator productivity and convenience, drive the need for advancements in powertrain management, efficiency, safety, and operator controls. These advancements lead to sensor growth rates that we expect to exceed underlying demand in many of our key end markets, which we expect will continue to offer us significant growth opportunities.
However, in our automotive business, we believe the medium- to long-term outlook for internal combustion engine powertrain products will evolve with the advent of more environmentally friendly vehicles that rely more heavily on Electrification and other adjacent technologies. Refer to the Megatrends section of Item 1, "Business," for additional information on our Electrification megatrend initiative. Accordingly, we are focusing on expanding our market share on electrified platforms, including both sensor and electrical protection products. Many of the components and subsystems that we have historically developed and produced will play a significant role in this expansion, but we will also seek strategic partnerships and acquisitions to accelerate the growth and transformation of our product portfolio. By entering into such relationships, we obtain access to new technologies and solutions, which we can leverage with our existing expertise to optimize and expand our product portfolio. Beyond Electrification, we also recognize the potential market impact of autonomous vehicles and advanced driver-assistance systems, and are developing sensors to facilitate development of this market by manufacturers of vehicles (light passenger, heavy on and off-road) and material handling equipment.
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The technology-driven, highly-customized, and integrated nature of our products requires customers to invest heavily in certification and qualification to ensure proper functioning of the systems in which our products are embedded. We believe the capital commitment and time required for this process significantly increases the switching costs for our customers once a particular sensor has been designed and installed in a system. As a result, our sensors are rarely substituted during a product lifecycle, which in the case of the traditional automotive market historically lasts five to seven years. We focus on new applications that will help us secure new business, drive long-term growth, and provide an opportunity to define a leading application technology in collaboration with our customers.
Our strategies of leveraging core technology platforms and focusing on high-volume applications enable us to provide our customers with highly-customized products at a relatively low cost, as compared to the costs of the systems in which our products are embedded. We have achieved our current cost position through a continuous process of migration and transformation to best-cost manufacturing locations, global best-cost sourcing, product design improvements, and ongoing productivity-enhancing initiatives.
COVID-19
The coronavirus ("COVID-19") pandemic has caused widespread disruptions to our Company, employees, customers, suppliers, and communities since the first quarter of 2020. We recognized the global impact of the COVID-19 pandemic early, and took a wide range of actions across our organization, designed to benefit the health and safety of employees, while also enabling us to respond to customer needs and enhance our financial flexibility during the pandemic. We are continuing to work with local, state, and federal governmental health agencies in many countries, implementing measures to help protect employees and minimize the spread of COVID-19 in our communities.
In the third and fourth quarters of 2020, the global economy continued to rebound following a period of commercial lockdowns and quarantines instituted by governments around the world in response to the spread of COVID-19 earlier in the year. Our response to that rebound has enabled our revenue to grow sequentially in the second half of fiscal year 2020, as we continue to deliver strong market outgrowth. For fiscal year 2020, we delivered 880 basis points of market outgrowth in our heavy vehicle and off-road ("HVOR") business and 690 basis points of market outgrowth in our automotive business. We continue to monitor all of our end markets and customers to ensure that our resources are balanced against forecasts and prioritized against critical growth opportunities.
Due in part to large-scale shutdowns early in 2020 caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, the automotive industry supply chain is currently facing a global shortage of semiconductors, the technology used to make microchips, resulting in paused production on certain vehicles and increased costs to procure microchips. We believe this shortage will have an adverse impact on our operating costs in fiscal year 2021. If the impacts of this shortage are more severe than we expect, it could result in further deterioration of our results, potentially for a longer period than currently anticipated.
New Business Wins
During fiscal year 2020, we closed $465 million in new business wins ("NBOs"), including $180 million in Electrification wins, higher than our average over the past five years. We define NBOs as incremental revenue to our current base of business that is expected to be recognized on average in the fifth year after entry into the agreement, when the program typically reaches its normal volume. We have demonstrated progress against our megatrend initiatives, such as Electrification, and intend to continue these efforts to expand our markets and provide strong growth and differentiation for the future. We continue to believe investments in these megatrends, including technology collaborations and partnerships with third parties to expand our technological capabilities, will further our end market diversification, increase our long-term growth rate and provide important competitive advantages as these trends transform our world. In addition, we believe that the overall market environment may provide meaningful opportunities to further strengthen our portfolio through strategically important, value-creating acquisitions.
Financial Flexibility
We have taken multiple steps to enhance our financial flexibility. In the second quarter, we implemented various cost reduction activities, including temporary salary reductions and furloughs, resulting in savings in the second quarter of approximately $21.8 million, including the impact of government subsidies. These salary reductions and furloughs did not continue in the third or fourth quarters. However, we have continued working to align our long-term operating costs with future expected demand levels, maintaining lower levels of discretionary spending and keeping production in certain facilities at a level necessary to be in line with end market demand. In addition, we reduced our capital expenditures for the year and are carefully managing our working capital. Also in the second quarter, we initiated the Q2 2020 Global Restructure Program, discussed in more detail below.
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We believe that we are in a strong financial position today, having generated $559.8 million of operating cash flow in fiscal year 2020. Additionally, in the third quarter of 2020, we took advantage of historically low interest rates in issuing $750.0 million aggregate principal amount of 3.75% senior notes due 2031 (the "3.75% Senior Notes") under an indenture dated as of August 17, 2020. In addition, on February 3, 2021, we announced that we intended to redeem in full the outstanding balance on our $750.0 million aggregate principal amount of 6.25% senior notes due 2026 (the "6.25% Senior Notes") in March 2021. Refer to Note 14, “Debt,” of our Financial Statements for additional information on this planned redemption. In taking these actions, we are extending the maturity of our debt profile and lowering our cost of capital.
Q2 2020 Global Restructure Program
On June 30, 2020, in response to the potential long-term impact of the global financial and health crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic on our business, we committed to a plan to reorganize our business (the "Q2 2020 Global Restructure Program"), which consists of voluntary and involuntary reductions-in-force and certain site closures in order to align our cost structure to the demand levels that we anticipated in the coming quarters. This program is expected to impact approximately 880 positions. We have taken a large portion of the actions contemplated under the Q2 2020 Global Restructure Program, with the majority expected to be completed on or before June 30, 2021.
Over the life of the Q2 2020 Global Restructure Program, we expect to incur restructuring charges of between $31.0 million and $33.7 million related to reductions-in-force and between $8.0 million and $10.0 million related to site closures. We expect to settle these charges with cash on hand.
In fiscal year 2020, we recognized $24.5 million of severance charges related to the Q2 2020 Global Restructure Program. As of December 31, 2020, our severance liability related to the Q2 2020 Global Restructure Program was $10.8 million. Refer to Note 5, "Restructuring and Other Charges, Net," of our Financial Statements, for additional information on the Q2 2020 Global Restructure Program.
We continue to realize savings related to the Q2 2020 Global Restructure Program and from ongoing cost reduction activities and spend controls. Such savings represented approximately $13 million in fiscal year 2020. We expect that the actions taken as a result of the Q2 2020 Global Restructure Program will result in annualized savings of personnel- and facilities-related costs of approximately $43 million by 2021.
Selected Segment Information
We operate in, and report financial information for, two reportable segments: Performance Sensing and Sensing Solutions.
Set forth below is selected information for each of these segments for the periods presented. Amounts and percentages in the tables below have been calculated based on unrounded numbers. Accordingly, certain amounts may not appear to recalculate due to the effect of rounding.
The following table presents net revenue by segment for the identified periods:
  For the year ended December 31,
  2020 2019 2018
(Dollars in millions) Amount Percent of Total Amount Percent of Total Amount Percent of Total
Net revenue:
Performance Sensing $ 2,223.8  73.0  % $ 2,546.0  73.8  % $ 2,627.7  74.6  %
Sensing Solutions 821.8  27.0  904.6  26.2  894.0  25.4 
Total net revenue $ 3,045.6  100.0  % $ 3,450.6  100.0  % $ 3,521.6  100.0  %
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The following table presents segment operating income in U.S. dollars ("USD") and as a percentage of segment net revenue for the identified periods (prior period information has been recast to reflect revised presentation as discussed in Note 20, "Segment Reporting," of our Financial Statements):
  For the year ended December 31,
  2020 2019 2018
(Dollars in millions) Amount Percent of
Segment
Net Revenue
Amount Percent of
Segment
Net Revenue
Amount Percent of
Segment
Net Revenue
Segment operating income:
Performance Sensing $ 532.5  23.9  % $ 670.5  26.3  % $ 728.3  27.7  %
Sensing Solutions 241.2  29.4  % 294.0  32.5  % 295.0  33.0  %
Total segment operating income $ 773.7  $ 964.4  $ 1,023.2 
For a reconciliation of total segment operating income to consolidated operating income, refer to Note 20, "Segment Reporting," of our Financial Statements.
Selected Geographic Information
We are a global business with significant operations around the world and a diverse revenue mix by geography, customer, and end market. The following table presents (as a percentage of total) property, plant and equipment, net ("PP&E"), and net revenue by geographic region for the identified periods:
PP&E, net as of December 31,
Net revenue for the year ended December 31,
2020 2019 2020 2019 2018
Americas 33.1  % 34.8  % 39.3  % 42.3  % 42.0  %
Europe 24.4  % 23.2  % 26.8  % 28.1  % 29.2  %
Asia and rest of world 42.5  % 42.0  % 33.9  % 29.6  % 28.8  %
Refer to Note 20, "Segment Reporting," of our Financial Statements for additional information related to our PP&E, net by selected geographic area as of December 31, 2020 and 2019 and net revenue by selected geographic area for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018.
Net Revenue by End Market
Our net revenue for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018 was derived from the following end markets (amounts are calculated based on unrounded numbers, and may not appear to recalculate):
For the year ended December 31,
(Percentage of total) 2020 2019 2018
Automotive 57.5  % 58.8  % 60.4  %
HVOR
16.7  % 16.2  % 15.6  %
Industrial 11.0  % 10.2  % 9.6  %
Heating, ventilation and air conditioning ("HVAC")
6.2  % 5.8  % 5.9  %
Aerospace 4.5  % 5.1  % 4.7  %
Other 4.1  % 3.9  % 3.8  %
We are a significant supplier to multiple OEMs within many of these end markets, thereby reducing customer concentration risk.
Factors Affecting Our Operating Results
The following discussion describes components of the consolidated statements of operations as well as factors that impact those components. Refer to Note 2, "Significant Accounting Policies," of our Financial Statements, and Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates included elsewhere in this MD&A for additional information on the accounting policies and estimates made related to these components.
Net revenue
We generate revenue primarily from the sale of tangible products. Because we derive a significant portion of our revenue
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from sales into the automotive end market, conditions in the automotive industry can have a significant impact on the amount of revenue that we recognize. However, outside of the automotive industry, we sell our products to end-users in a wide range of industries, end markets, and geographic regions. As a result, the drivers of demand for these products vary considerably and are influenced by the conditions in these industries, end markets, or geographic regions.
Our overall net revenue is impacted by various factors, which we characterize as either "organic" or "inorganic." Organic factors are reflective of our ongoing operations. Inorganic factors are either not reflective of our historical business or related to situations for which we have little to no control (e.g. changes in foreign currency exchange rates).
Our net revenue may be impacted by the following organic factors:
fluctuations in overall economic activity within the geographic regions in which we operate;
underlying growth in one or more of our core end markets, either worldwide or in particular geographies in which we operate;
the number of our products used within existing applications, or the development of new applications requiring these products, due to regulations or other factors;
the "mix" of products sold, including the proportion of new or upgraded products and their pricing relative to existing products;
changes in product sales prices (including quantity discounts, rebates, and cash discounts for prompt payment);
changes in the level of competition faced by our products, including the launch of new products by competitors; and
our ability to successfully develop, launch, and sell new products and applications.
Our net revenue may be impacted by the following inorganic factors:
fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates; and
acquisitions and divestitures.
While the factors described above may impact net revenue in each of our reportable segments, the impact of these factors on our reportable segments can differ. For more information about revenue risks relating to our business, refer to Item 1A, "Risk Factors," included elsewhere in this Report.
Cost of revenue
We manufacture the majority of our products and subcontract only a limited number of products to third parties. As such, our cost of revenue consists principally of the following:
Production Materials Costs. We purchase much of the materials used in production on a global best-cost basis, but we are still impacted by global and local market conditions, including fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates. A portion of our production materials contains certain commodities, resins, and rare earth metals, and the cost of these materials may vary with underlying pricing. However, we enter into forward contracts to economically hedge a portion of our exposure to the potential change in prices associated with certain of these commodities. The terms of these contracts fix the price at a future date for various notional amounts associated with these commodities. Gains and losses recognized on these derivatives are recorded in other, net and are not included in cost of revenue. Refer to Note 6, "Other, Net," of our Financial Statements for additional information.
Employee Costs. Employee costs include wages and benefits for employees involved in our manufacturing operations and certain engineering activities, including variable incentive compensation. A significant portion of these costs can fluctuate on an aggregate basis in direct correlation with changes in production volumes. As a percentage of net revenue, these costs may decline as a result of economies of scale associated with higher production volumes, and conversely, may increase with lower production volumes. These costs also fluctuate based on local market conditions. We rely on contract workers for direct labor in certain geographies. As of December 31, 2020, we had approximately 2,500 direct labor contract workers on a worldwide basis.
Sustaining Engineering Activity Costs. These costs relate to modifications of existing products for use by new and existing customers in familiar applications.
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Other. Our remaining cost of revenue primarily consists of:
gains and losses on certain foreign currency forward contracts that are designated as cash flow hedges;
material yields;
costs to import raw materials, such as tariffs;
depreciation of fixed assets used in the manufacturing process;
freight costs;
warehousing expenses;
maintenance and repair expenses;
operating supplies; and
other general manufacturing expenses, such as expenses for energy consumption and operating lease expense.
Changes in cost of revenue as a percentage of net revenue have historically been impacted by a number of factors, including:
changes in the price of raw materials, including the impact of changes in costs to import such raw materials, such as tariffs;
price reductions provided to our customers;
implementation of cost improvement measures aimed at increasing productivity, including reduction of fixed production costs, refinements in inventory management, design and process driven changes, and the coordination of procurement within each subsidiary and at the business level;
product lifecycles, as we typically incur higher cost of revenue associated with new product development (related to excess manufacturing capacity and higher production costs during the initial stages of product launches) and during the phase-out of discontinued products;
changes in production volumes – production costs are capitalized in inventory based on normal production volumes, as revenue increases, the fixed portion of these costs does not;
transfer of production to our lower-cost manufacturing facilities;
changes in depreciation expense, including those arising from the adjustment of PP&E to fair value associated with acquisitions;
fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates;
changes in product mix;
changes in logistics costs;
acquisitions and divestitures – acquired and divested businesses may generate higher or lower cost of revenue as a percentage of net revenue than our core business; and
the increase in the carrying value of inventory that is adjusted to fair value as a result of the application of purchase accounting associated with acquisitions.
Research and development expense
We develop products that address increasingly complex engineering and operating performance requirements to help our customers solve their most difficult challenges in the automotive, HVOR, industrial, and aerospace industries. We believe that continued focused investment in research and development ("R&D") is critical to our future growth and maintaining our leadership positions in the markets we serve. Our R&D efforts are directly related to timely development of new and enhanced products that are central to our business strategy. We continuously develop our technologies to meet an evolving set of customer requirements and new product introductions. We conduct such activities in areas that we believe will increase our
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long-term revenue growth. Our development expense is typically associated with engineering core technology platforms to specific applications and engineering major upgrades that improve the functionality or reduce the cost of existing products. In addition, we continually consider new technologies where we may have expertise for potential investment or acquisition.
An increasing portion of our R&D activities are being directed towards technologies and megatrends that we believe have the potential for significant future growth, but relate to products that are not currently within our core business or include new features and capabilities for existing products. Expenses related to these activities are less likely to result in increased near-term revenue than our more mainstream development activities.
R&D expense consists of costs related to product design, development, and process engineering. Costs related to modifications of existing products for use by new and existing customers in familiar applications are presented in cost of revenue and are not included in R&D expense. The level of R&D expense in any period is related to the number of products in development, the stage of the development process, the complexity of the underlying technology, the potential scale of the product upon successful commercialization, and the level of our exploratory research.
Selling, general and administrative expense
Selling, general and administrative ("SG&A") expense consists of all expenditures incurred in connection with the sale and marketing of our products, as well as administrative overhead costs, including:
salary and benefit costs for sales and marketing personnel and administrative staff;
share-based incentive compensation expense;
charges related to the use and maintenance of administrative offices, including depreciation expense;
other administrative costs, including expenses relating to information systems, human resources, and legal and accounting services;
other selling and marketing related costs, such as expenses incurred in connection with travel and communications; and
transaction costs associated with acquisitions.
Changes in SG&A expense as a percentage of net revenue have historically been impacted by a number of factors, including:
changes in sales volume, as higher volumes enable us to spread the fixed portion of our selling, marketing, and administrative expense over higher revenue (e.g. expenses relating to our sales and marketing personnel can fluctuate due to prolonged trends in sales volume, while expenses relating to administrative personnel generally do not increase or decrease directly with changes in sales volume);
price reductions provided to our customers;
changes in the mix of products we sell, as some products may require more customer support and sales effort than others;
new product launches in existing and new markets, as these launches typically involve a more intense sales and marketing activity before they are integrated into customer applications and systems;
changes in our customer base, as new customers may require different levels of sales and marketing attention;
fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates; and
acquisitions and divestitures - acquired and divested businesses may require different levels of SG&A expense as a percentage of net revenue than our core business.
Depreciation expense
Depreciation expense includes depreciation of PP&E, which includes assets held under finance lease, and amortization of leasehold improvements. Depreciation expense is included in either cost of revenue or SG&A expense depending on the use of the asset as a manufacturing or administrative asset. Depreciation expense will vary according to the age of existing PP&E and the level of capital expenditures.
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Amortization expense
We have recognized a significant amount of definite-lived intangible assets. Acquisition-related definite-lived intangible assets are amortized on an economic-benefit basis according to the useful lives of the assets, or on a straight-line basis if a pattern of economic benefits cannot be reliably determined. The amount of amortization expense related to definite-lived intangible assets depends on the amount and timing of definite-lived intangible assets acquired and where previously acquired definite-lived intangible assets are in their estimated life-cycle. In general, the economic benefit of a definite-lived intangible asset is concentrated towards the beginning of its useful life.
Restructuring and other charges, net
Restructuring and other charges, net consists of severance, outplacement, other separation benefits, and facility and other exit costs. These charges may be incurred as part of an announced restructuring plan, or may be individual charges recognized related to acquired businesses or the termination of a limited number of employees that do not represent the initiation of a larger restructuring plan. Restructuring and other charges, net also includes the gain, net of transaction costs, from the sale of businesses, and other operating income or expense that is not presented elsewhere in operating income.
Amounts recognized in restructuring and other charges, net will vary according to the extent of our restructuring programs and other income or expense items not presented elsewhere in operating income.
Interest expense, net
As of December 31, 2020 and 2019, we had gross outstanding indebtedness of $4,036.6 million and $3,291.8 million, respectively. This indebtedness consists of a secured credit facility and senior unsecured notes. Refer to Note 14, "Debt," of our Financial Statements for additional information.
The credit agreement governing our secured credit facility (as amended, the "Credit Agreement") provides for senior secured credit facilities (the "Senior Secured Credit Facilities") consisting of a term loan facility (the "Term Loan"), the $420.0 million revolving credit facility (the "Revolving Credit Facility"), and incremental availability (the "Accordion") under which additional secured credit facilities could be issued under certain circumstances.
Our respective senior unsecured notes (the "Senior Notes") accrue interest at fixed rates. However, the Term Loan and the Revolving Credit Facility accrue interest at variable interest rates, which drives some of the variability in interest expense, net. Refer to Item 7A, "Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk," included elsewhere in this Report for more information regarding our exposure to potential changes in variable interest rates.
Interest income, which is netted against interest expense on the consolidated statements of operations, relates to interest earned on our cash and cash equivalent balances, and varies according to the balances in, and the interest rates provided by, these investments.
Other, net
Other, net primarily includes gains and losses associated with the remeasurement of non-USD denominated monetary assets and liabilities into USD, changes in the fair value of derivative financial instruments not designated as cash flow hedges, debt financing transactions, and net periodic benefit cost, excluding service cost.
Amounts recognized in other, net vary according to changes in foreign currency exchange rates, changes in the forward prices for the foreign currencies and commodities that we hedge, the number and magnitude of debt financing transactions we undertake, and the change in funded status of our pension and other post-retirement benefit plans.
Refer to Note 6, "Other, Net," of our Financial Statements for additional information related to the components of other, net. Refer to Item 7A, "Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk," included elsewhere in this Report for additional information related to our exposure to potential changes in foreign currency exchange rates and commodity prices. Refer to Note 14, "Debt," of our Financial Statements for additional information related to our debt financing transactions.
Provision for/(benefit from) income taxes
We are subject to income tax in the various jurisdictions in which we operate. The provision for/(benefit from) income taxes consists of:
current tax expense, which relates primarily to our profitable operations in non-U.S. tax jurisdictions and withholding taxes related to interest, royalties, and repatriation of foreign earnings; and
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deferred tax expense (or benefit), which represents adjustments in book-to-tax basis differences primarily related to the step-up in fair value of fixed and intangible assets, including goodwill, acquired in connection with business combination transactions, the utilization of net operating losses, changes in tax rates, and changes in our assessment of the realizability of our deferred tax assets.
Our current tax expense is favorably impacted by the amortization of definite-lived intangible assets and other tax benefits derived from our operating and capital structure, including tax incentives in both the U.K. and China as well as favorable tax status in Mexico. In addition, our tax structure takes advantage of participation exemption regimes that permit the receipt of intercompany dividends without incurring taxable income in those jurisdictions.
While the extent of our future tax liability is uncertain, the impact of purchase accounting for past and future acquisitions, changes to debt and equity capitalization of our subsidiaries, and the realignment of the functions performed and risks assumed by our various subsidiaries are among the factors that will determine the future book and taxable income of each of our subsidiaries and of Sensata as a whole.
Our effective tax rate will generally not equal the U.S. statutory tax rate due to various factors, the most significant of which are described below. As these factors fluctuate from year to year, our effective tax rate will change. The factors include, but are not limited to, the following:
establishing or releasing a portion of the valuation allowance related to our gross deferred tax assets;
foreign tax rate differential - we operate in locations outside the U.S., including Bermuda, Bulgaria, China, Malaysia, the Netherlands, South Korea, and the U.K., that historically have had statutory tax rates different than the U.S. statutory tax rate. This can result in a foreign tax rate differential that may reflect a tax benefit or detriment. This foreign tax rate differential can change from year to year based upon the jurisdictional mix of earnings and changes in current and future enacted tax rates, tax holidays, and favorable tax regimes available to certain of our foreign subsidiaries;
changes in tax laws, including emerging Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development guidelines and European Commission challenges to sovereign European Union member states;
losses incurred in certain jurisdictions, which cannot be currently benefited, as it is not more likely than not that the associated deferred tax asset will be realized in the foreseeable future;
foreign currency exchange gains and losses;
as a result of income tax audit settlements, final assessments, or lapse of applicable statutes of limitation, we may recognize an income tax expense or benefit including the reversal of previously accrued interest and penalties; and
in certain jurisdictions, we recognize withholding and other taxes on intercompany payments, including dividends.
Seasonality
Refer to Item 1, "Business," included elsewhere in this Report for discussion of our assessment of seasonality related to our business.
Inflation
With the exception of the effects of fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates, which are discussed elsewhere in this MD&A if material, we do not believe that inflation has had a material effect on our financial condition or results of operations in recent years.
Legal Proceedings
Refer to Item 3, "Legal Proceedings," included elsewhere in this Report for discussion of legal proceedings related to our business.
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Results of Operations
Our discussion and analysis of results of operations are based upon our Financial Statements. The Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP"). The preparation of the Financial Statements requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the amounts reported therein. We base our estimates on historical experience and assumptions believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, and we re-evaluate such estimates on an ongoing basis. Actual results could differ from our estimates under different assumptions or conditions. Our significant accounting policies and estimates are more fully described in Note 2, "Significant Accounting Policies," of our Financial Statements, and Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates included elsewhere in this MD&A.
The table below presents our historical results of operations in millions of dollars and as a percentage of net revenue. We have derived these results of operations from our Financial Statements. Amounts and percentages in the table below have been calculated based on unrounded numbers. Accordingly, certain amounts may not appear to recalculate due to the effect of rounding.
  For the year ended December 31,
  2020 2019 2018
Amount Percent of
Net Revenue
Amount Percent of
Net Revenue
Amount Percent of
Net Revenue
Net revenue:
Performance Sensing $ 2,223.8  73.0  % $ 2,546.0  73.8  % $ 2,627.7  74.6  %
Sensing Solutions 821.8  27.0  904.6  26.2  894.0  25.4 
Total net revenue 3,045.6  100.0  % 3,450.6  100.0  % 3,521.6  100.0  %
Operating costs and expenses 2,707.8  88.9  2,893.7  83.9  2,811.2  79.8 
Operating income 337.7  11.1  556.9  16.1  710.4  20.2 
Interest expense, net (171.8) (5.6) (158.6) (4.6) (153.7) (4.4)
Other, net (0.3) 0.0  (7.9) (0.2) (30.4) (0.9)
Income before taxes 165.6  5.4  390.4  11.3  526.4  14.9 
Provision for/(benefit from) income taxes 1.4  0.0  107.7  3.1  (72.6) (2.1)
Net income $ 164.3  5.4  % $ 282.7  8.2  % $ 599.0  17.0  %
Net revenue - Overall
Net revenue declined 11.7% in fiscal year 2020 largely due to end-market contraction caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Excluding an increase of 0.2% attributed to changes in foreign currency exchange rates, net revenue in fiscal year 2020 declined 11.9% on an organic basis. This represents a market outgrowth of 600 basis points. Organic revenue growth (or decline), presented throughout this MD&A, is a financial measure not presented in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Refer to the section entitled Non-GAAP Financial Measures below for additional information related to our use of organic revenue growth (or decline).
Net revenue declined 2.0% in fiscal year 2019 primarily due to a somewhat weaker automotive end market. Excluding a decline of 0.2% related to acquisitions and divestitures and a decline of 0.7% related to changes in foreign currency exchange rates, net revenue in fiscal year 2019 declined 1.1% on an organic basis.
Net Revenue - Performance Sensing
Fiscal year 2020 vs. fiscal year 2019
Performance Sensing net revenue declined 12.7% in fiscal year 2020, driven primarily by impacts from the COVID-19 pandemic. Excluding an increase of 0.1% attributed to changes in foreign currency exchange rates, Performance Sensing net revenue declined 12.8% on an organic basis. The overall net revenue decline in fiscal year 2020 was reduced in the second half of the year as OEM customers ramped production within their facilities through the half in an effort to replace production lost during shut-downs earlier in the year. The Performance Sensing results in fiscal year 2020 represent market outgrowth of 770 basis points. In addition, price reductions of 1.5%, primarily to automotive customers, contributed to the Performance Sensing organic revenue decline.
Net revenue in our automotive business declined 13.6% in fiscal year 2020, or 13.9% on an organic basis. These results represented market outgrowth of 690 basis points compared to the combination of an automotive market that was down 18.5% and the impact of OEM customers working down inventory. This market outgrowth continues to be led by new product
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launches in emissions, electrification, and safety-related applications and systems. A high level of automotive production in the fourth quarter resulted in customers using more inventory on hand to fill orders, negatively impacting fiscal year 2020 revenue. However, as our customers restock inventory in 2021, we expect to recover much of that decline. Global automotive production is expected to grow in fiscal year 2021, as the industry seeks to address low inventory levels at the end of 2020. In addition, we expect market outgrowth in our automotive business to be in the range of 400 to 600 basis points for fiscal year 2021.
Net revenue in our HVOR business declined 9.2% in fiscal year 2020, on a reported and an organic basis. These results represented market outgrowth of 880 basis points compared to an HVOR market that was down 18.0%. Our China on-road truck business continued to post better than expected growth as a result of the accelerated adoption of NS6 emissions regulations. We expect market outgrowth in our HVOR business to be in the range of 600 to 800 basis points for fiscal year 2021.
Fiscal year 2019 vs. fiscal year 2018
Performance Sensing net revenue declined 3.1% in fiscal year 2019. Excluding a decline of 1.9% related to acquisitions and divestitures and a decline of 0.7% related to changes in foreign currency exchange rates, Performance Sensing net revenue declined 0.5% on an organic basis. In addition, price reductions of 1.6%, primarily to automotive customers, contributed to the Performance Sensing organic revenue decline.
Net revenue in our automotive business declined 4.3% in fiscal year 2019, or 0.9% on an organic basis. These results represented market outgrowth compared to an automotive market that was down 5.6%. All of our major geographic markets contributed to this market outgrowth, but most notably China.
Net revenue in our HVOR business grew 1.6% in fiscal year 2019, or 0.9% on an organic basis. These results represented market outgrowth compared to an HVOR market that was down 5.5%. This market outgrowth was primarily related to our business in China as well as in the agriculture and on-road truck markets.
Net Revenue - Sensing Solutions
Fiscal year 2020 vs. fiscal year 2019
Sensing Solutions net revenue declined 9.2% in fiscal year 2020 on a reported and an organic basis. This decrease was the result of year over year declines in the industrial, appliance and HVAC, and aerospace end markets. The global industrial and appliance and HVAC end markets began recovering in the fourth quarter of 2020, which, in addition to supply chain restocking, reflected strong growth in HVAC and 5G applications. The decline in the aerospace industry has continued throughout the year, reflecting reduced OEM production and significantly lower air traffic. New product launches in the fourth quarter, primarily in the defense market, partially offset this decline.
Fiscal year 2019 vs. fiscal year 2018
Sensing Solutions net revenue increased 1.2% in fiscal year 2019. Excluding an increase of 4.6% related to acquisitions and divestitures and a decline of 0.7% related to changes in foreign currency exchange rates, Sensing Solutions net revenue declined 2.7% on an organic basis. The organic revenue decline was primarily attributable to weakness in the industrial markets we serve. This market weakness is consistent with trends in certain indicators of demand, such as global manufacturing Purchasing Managers' Index ("PMI") data, which is signaling continued demand contraction, consistent with slowing customer production and reductions in inventory. Our industrial growth in China is particularly weak as exports out of China have further slowed as a result of tariffs and global trade actions.
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Operating costs and expenses
Operating costs and expenses for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018 are presented, in millions of dollars and as a percentage of revenue, in the following table. Amounts and percentages in the table below have been calculated based on unrounded numbers. Accordingly, certain amounts may not appear to recalculate due to the effect of rounding.
  For the year ended December 31,
  2020 2019 2018
Amount Percent of
Net Revenue
Amount Percent of
Net Revenue
Amount Percent of
Net Revenue
Operating costs and expenses:
Cost of revenue $ 2,119.0  69.6  % $ 2,267.4  65.7  % $ 2,266.9  64.4  %
Research and development 131.4  4.3  148.4  4.3  147.3  4.2 
Selling, general and administrative 294.7  9.7  281.4  8.2  305.6  8.7 
Amortization of intangible assets 129.5  4.3  142.9  4.1  139.3  4.0 
Restructuring and other charges, net 33.1  1.1  53.6  1.6  (47.8) (1.4)
Total operating costs and expenses $ 2,707.8  88.9  % $ 2,893.7  83.9  % $ 2,811.2  79.8  %
Cost of revenue
Cost of revenue as a percentage of net revenue increased in fiscal year 2020 primarily as a result of (1) productivity headwinds from lower volume, the resulting lower than normal capacity, and increased costs related to the COVID-19 pandemic, (2) a $29.2 million loss related to a judgment against us in intellectual property litigation brought against Schrader by Wasica Finance GmbH ("Wasica") in the first quarter of 2020 (settled in the third quarter 2020), and (3) higher compensation to retain and incentivize critical employee talent, partially offset by (1) the impact of ongoing savings resulting from cost reduction activities taken in fiscal years 2019 and 2020, (2) the favorable effect of changes in foreign currency exchange rates, and (3) savings from temporary cost reductions in the second quarter of 2020 (including salary reductions and furloughs). Refer to Note 15, "Commitments and Contingencies," of our Financial Statements for additional information regarding the intellectual property litigation with Wasica.
We expect that the actions taken as part of the Q2 2020 Global Restructure Program will result in improvements of our cost of revenue as a percentage of revenue in future quarters. Refer to the Q2 2020 Global Restructure Program section earlier in this MD&A for a more detailed discussion of expected savings under the Q2 2020 Global Restructure Program. However, we believe that the impact of a global microchip shortage that the entire industry is currently experiencing will adversely impact our operating costs in fiscal year 2021.
Cost of revenue as a percentage of net revenue increased in fiscal year 2019 primarily as a result of (1) organic revenue decline, (2) negative mix due to new product launches, (3) the impact of acquisitions and divestitures, and (4) increased tariff costs, partially offset by (1) the favorable effect of changes in foreign currency exchange rates and (2) lower variable compensation.
Research and development expense
R&D expense decreased in fiscal year 2020 primarily as a result of the impact of ongoing savings resulting from cost reduction activities taken in fiscal years 2019 and 2020, somewhat offset by increased R&D expense related to our megatrend initiatives. R&D expense related to our megatrend initiatives was $26.1 million in fiscal year 2020, an increase of $6.8 million from fiscal year 2019. We currently expect approximately $50 million to $55 million in total megatrend-related spend in 2021, the majority of which is expected to be in R&D.
R&D expense did not materially change in fiscal year 2019 compared to fiscal year 2018 as increased design and development effort to support new design wins and fund megatrends was offset by the favorable effect of changes in foreign currency exchange rates, primarily the Euro and British Pound Sterling.
Selling, general and administrative expense
SG&A expense increased in fiscal year 2020 primarily as a result of (1) higher compensation to retain and incentivize critical employee talent, (2) increased costs related to enhancements and improvements to our global operating processes to increase productivity, and (3) incremental SG&A related to acquired businesses, partially offset by (1) the impact of ongoing savings resulting from cost reduction activities taken in fiscal years 2019 and 2020 and (2) savings from temporary cost reductions in the second quarter of 2020 (including salary reductions and furloughs).
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SG&A expense decreased in fiscal year 2019 primarily due to (1) lower variable compensation, (2) lower selling costs, (3) the divestiture of the Valves Business, (4) the favorable effect of changes in foreign currency exchange rates (primarily the Euro, Chinese Renminbi, and British Pound Sterling), and (5) lower costs related to our redomicile in the prior year, partially offset by additional SG&A expense related to GIGAVAC.
Amortization of intangible assets
Amortization expense decreased in fiscal year 2020 primarily as a result of the effect of the economic-benefit method of amortization. We expect amortization expense to be approximately $117.5 million in fiscal year 2021. Refer to Note 11, "Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, Net," of our Financial Statements for additional information regarding definite-lived intangible assets and the related amortization.
Amortization expense increased in fiscal year 2019 primarily due to the intangible assets acquired with GIGAVAC, partially offset by the effect of the economic-benefit method of amortization.
Restructuring and other charges, net
Restructuring and other charges, net for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018 consisted of the following (amounts have been calculated based on unrounded numbers, accordingly, certain amounts may not appear to recalculate due to the effect of rounding):
For the year ended December 31,
(In millions) 2020 2019 2018
Q2 2020 Global Restructure Program (1)
$ 24.5  $ —  $ — 
Other restructuring charges
Severance costs, net (2)
3.0  29.2  7.6 
Facility and other exit costs 1.3  0.8  0.9 
Gain on sale of Valves Business (3)
—  —  (64.4)
Other (4)
4.3  23.5  8.2 
Restructuring and other charges, net $ 33.1  $ 53.6  $ (47.8)
_______________________________________
(1)    Refer to Q2 2020 Global Restructure Program section elsewhere in this MD&A for additional discussion related to the Q2 2020 Global Restructure Program.
(2)    For each of the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018, these charges include termination benefits provided in connection with workforce reductions of manufacturing, engineering, and administrative positions, including the elimination of certain positions related to site consolidations, net of reversals. For the year ended December 31, 2020, these charges related to termination benefits arising from the shutdown and relocation of operating sites in Northern Ireland and Belgium. For the year ended December 31, 2019, these charges included approximately $12.7 million of benefits provided under a voluntary retirement incentive program offered to a limited number of eligible employees in the U.S., and $6.5 million of termination benefits provided under a one-time benefit arrangement related to the shutdown and relocation of an operating site in Germany.
(3)    In the year ended December 31, 2018, we completed the sale of the Valves Business. The gain on this sale was recorded in restructuring and other charges, net.
(4)    Represents charges that are not included in one of the other classifications. In the year ended December 31, 2020, we settled intellectual property litigation brought against Schrader by Wasica and released $11.7 million of the related liability. This release largely offset a charge of $12.1 million resulting from a prejudgment interest-related award granted by the court on behalf of Wasica in the three months ended June 30, 2020. Refer to Note 15, "Commitments and Contingencies," of our Financial Statements for additional information related to this matter. In the year ended December 31, 2019, we recognized a $17.8 million loss related to the termination of a supply agreement in connection with the Metal Seal Precision, Ltd. ("Metal Seal") litigation. In the year ended December 31, 2018, we incurred $5.9 million of incremental direct costs in order to transact the sale of the Valves Business. For each of the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018, we recorded expense related to the deferred compensation arrangement that we entered into in connection with the acquisition of GIGAVAC in the year ended December 31, 2018.
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Operating income
In fiscal year 2020, operating income decreased $219.1 million or 39.4%, to $337.7 million (11.1% of net revenue) compared to $556.9 million (16.1% of net revenue) in fiscal year 2019. This decrease was primarily driven by:
the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic, most significantly lower revenues, productivity headwinds from our manufacturing facilities running at lower than normal capacity, and increased COVID-19 related costs;
charges related to the intellectual property litigation brought against Schrader by Wasica, which was settled in the third quarter, including $29.2 million recognized in the first quarter of 2020;
$24.5 million in severance charges recognized in fiscal year 2020 related to the Q2 2020 Global Restructure Program; and
higher compensation costs to retain and incentivize critical employee talent.
These drivers of reduced operating income were partially offset by:
the non-recurrence of certain restructuring and other charges from fiscal year 2019 as discussed in Note 5, "Restructuring and Other Charges, Net," of our Financial Statements, including $17.8 million loss related to the termination of a supply agreement in connection with the Metal Seal litigation and charges related to benefits provided under a voluntary retirement incentive program;
cost savings of approximately $21.8 million realized in the second quarter of 2020 resulting from temporary salary reductions, furloughs, and government subsidies;
the impact of ongoing savings resulting from cost reduction activities taken in fiscal years 2019 and 2020;
the favorable effect of changes in foreign currency exchange rates; and
lower intangible amortization expense due to the impacts of the economic-benefit method of amortization.
We expect that the actions taken as part of the Q2 2020 Global Restructure Program will result in savings that will be favorable to operating income in future quarters. Refer to the Q2 2020 Global Restructure Program section earlier in this MD&A for a more detailed discussion of expected savings under the Q2 2020 Global Restructure Program. However, we believe that the impact of a global microchip shortage that the entire automotive industry is currently experiencing will adversely impact out operating costs in fiscal year 2021.
In fiscal year 2019, operating income decreased $153.5 million or 21.6%, to $556.9 million (16.1% of net revenue) compared to $710.4 million (20.2% of net revenue) in fiscal year 2018. This decrease was primarily due to (1) the divestiture of the Valves Business in the third quarter of 2018 (including the gain on sale), (2) net productivity headwinds partly due to the scaling up of new product launches, (3) $17.8 million loss related to the termination of a supply agreement in connection with the Metal Seal litigation, (4) higher severance charges, (5) the impact of increased tariffs, and (6) lower volume.
These drivers of reduced operating income were partially offset by (1) lower variable compensation, (2) lower selling expenses, (3) the favorable effect of changes in foreign currency exchange rates, and (4) the impact of the acquisition of GIGAVAC.
Interest expense, net
Interest expense, net increased in fiscal year 2020 primarily due to (1) a full year of interest expense related to the $450.0 million aggregate principal amount of 4.375% senior notes due 2030 (the "4.375% Senior Notes"), which were issued in fiscal year 2019, (2) a partial year of interest expense related to the 3.75% Senior Notes, which was issued in 2020, (3) interest incurred on outstanding balances of the Revolving Credit Facility in fiscal year 2020, and (4) lower cash interest income due to declining interest rates. These increases were partially offset by lower interest expense on the term loan, which was partially repaid in fiscal year 2019 after issuance of the 4.375% Senior Notes. On April 1, 2020, in order to enhance our financial flexibility given the general uncertainty associated with the COVID-19 pandemic, we withdrew $400.0 million from our Revolving Credit Facility. On August 17, 2020, we took advantage of historically low interest rates in issuing the 3.75% Senior Notes. Given improving market conditions and strengthening financial markets, we decided to use a portion of the proceeds to repay $400.0 million of outstanding borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility.
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On February 3, 2021, we announced that we intended to redeem in full the outstanding balance on the 6.25% Senior Notes in March 2021. The 6.25% Senior Notes represent approximately $46.9 million of interest expense annually. We will redeem the notes at a premium of 103.125% of the aggregate principal amount of the notes outstanding, or approximately $23.4 million. Accordingly, while we expect to see a reduction of interest expense in fiscal year 2021 as a result of this redemption, the reduction will be significantly larger in fiscal year 2022.
Interest expense, net increased in fiscal year 2019 primarily due to an increase in interest expense related to higher variable interest rates as well as the impact of the refinancing of a portion of our Term Loan (variable rate debt) through the issuance of the 4.375% Senior Notes (fixed rate debt). The 4.375% Senior Notes accrued interest at a higher rate than the average rate of the Term Loan in fiscal year 2019.
Other, net
Other, net for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018 consisted of the following (amounts have been calculated based on unrounded numbers, accordingly, certain amounts may not appear to recalculate due to the effect of rounding):
  For the year ended December 31,
(In millions) 2020 2019 2018
Currency remeasurement gain/(loss) on net monetary assets (1)
$ 10.8  $ (6.8) $ (18.9)
(Loss)/gain on foreign currency forward contracts (2)
(6.8) 2.2  2.1 
Gain/(loss) on commodity forward contracts (2)
10.0  4.9  (8.5)
Loss on debt financing (3)
—  (4.4) (2.4)
Net periodic benefit cost, excluding service cost (10.0) (3.2) (3.6)
Other (4.5) (0.7) 0.9 
Other, net $ (0.3) $ (7.9) $ (30.4)
_______________________________________________
(1)    Relates to the remeasurement of non-USD denominated monetary assets and liabilities into USD.
(2)    Relates to changes in the fair value of derivative financial instruments that are not designated as hedges. Refer to Note 19, "Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities," of our Financial Statements for additional information related to gains and losses related to our commodity and foreign currency exchange forward contracts. Refer to Item 7A, "Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk," included elsewhere in this Report for an analysis of the sensitivity of other, net to changes in foreign currency exchange rates and commodity prices.
(3)    Refer to Note 14, "Debt," of our Financial Statements for additional information related to our debt financing transactions.
Provision for/(benefit from) income taxes
The components of provision for/(benefit from) income taxes for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018 are described in more detail in the table below (amounts have been calculated based on unrounded numbers, accordingly, certain amounts may not appear to recalculate due to the effect of rounding):
  For the year ended December 31,
(In millions) 2020 2019 2018
Tax computed at statutory rate of 21% (1)
$ 34.8  $ 82.0  $ 110.5 
Intangible property transfers (2)
(54.2) —  — 
Foreign tax rate differential (3)
(22.0) (19.1) (41.2)
Valuation allowances (4)
8.9  19.6  (123.4)
Withholding taxes not creditable 12.2  9.5  8.7 
Change in tax laws or rates 11.2  5.1  (22.3)
Research and development incentives (5)
(7.4) (8.4) (19.5)
Reserve for tax exposure (0.2) 20.1  10.8 
Other (6)
18.0  (1.1) 3.7 
Provision for/(benefit from) income taxes $ 1.4  $ 107.7  $ (72.6)
_______________________________________________
(1)    Represents the product of the applicable statutory tax rate and income before taxes, as reported in the consolidated statements of operations.
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(2)    In the fourth quarter of 2020, we completed the transfer of intangible property which resulted in a net $54.2 million deferred tax benefit.
(3)    We operate in locations outside the U.S., including Bermuda, Bulgaria, China, Malaysia, the Netherlands, South Korea, and the U.K., that historically have had statutory tax rates different than the U.S. statutory tax rate. This can result in a foreign tax rate differential that may reflect a tax benefit or detriment. This foreign tax rate differential can change from year to year based upon the jurisdictional mix of earnings and changes in current and future enacted tax rates. Certain of our subsidiaries are currently eligible, or have been eligible, for tax exemptions or reduced tax rates in their respective jurisdictions.
(4)    During the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018, we established/(released) a portion of our valuation allowance and recognized a deferred tax expense/(benefit). The valuation allowance as of December 31, 2020 and 2019 was $202.1 million and $146.8 million, respectively. A significant portion of our valuation allowance is against interest carryforwards due to our assessment of our inability to utilize these carryforwards based on our forecasts of future taxable income. The remaining valuation allowance primarily relates to foreign tax credit capital loss carryforwards, goodwill tax basis, and net operating losses in jurisdictions outside the U.S. It is more likely than not that these attributes will not be utilized in the foreseeable future. However, any future release of all or a portion of this valuation allowance resulting from a change in this assessment will impact our future provision for/(benefit from) income taxes.
(5)    Certain income of our U.K. subsidiaries is eligible for lower tax rates under the "patent box" regime, resulting in certain of our intellectual property income being taxed at a rate lower than the U.K. statutory tax rate. In China, we benefit from the R&D super deduction regime. In fiscal year 2018, we substantially completed an assessment of our ability to claim an R&D credit in the U.S. As a result of this assessment, we recognized a tax benefit of $10.0 million. Prior to fiscal year 2018, the deferred tax asset related to these R&D credits would have been offset by the valuation allowance.
(6)    Refer to Note 7, "Income Taxes," of our Financial Statements for additional information related to other components of our rate reconciliation.
We do not believe that there are any known trends related to the reconciling items noted above that are reasonably likely to result in our liquidity increasing or decreasing in any material way.
Non-GAAP Financial Measures
This section provides additional information regarding certain non-GAAP financial measures, including organic revenue growth (or decline), adjusted operating income, adjusted operating margin, adjusted net income, adjusted earnings per share ("EPS"), free cash flow, net leverage ratio, and adjusted earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization ("EBITDA"), which are used by our management, Board of Directors, and investors. We use these non-GAAP financial measures internally to make operating and strategic decisions, including the preparation of our annual operating plan, evaluation of our overall business performance, and as a factor in determining compensation for certain employees. 
The use of our non-GAAP financial measures have limitations. They should be considered as supplemental in nature and are not intended to be considered in isolation from, or as an alternative to, reported net revenue growth (or decline), operating income, operating margin, net income, diluted EPS, operating cash flows, segment operating margin, total debt, finance lease, and other financing obligations, or EBITDA, respectively, calculated in accordance with U.S. GAAP. In addition, our measures of organic revenue growth (or decline), adjusted operating income, adjusted operating margin, adjusted net income, adjusted EPS, free cash flow, net leverage ratio, and adjusted EBITDA may not be the same as, or comparable to, similar non-GAAP financial measures presented by other companies.
Organic revenue growth (or decline)
Organic revenue growth (or decline) is defined as the reported percentage change in net revenue, calculated in accordance with U.S. GAAP, excluding the period-over-period impact of foreign currency exchange rate differences as well as the net impact of material acquisitions and divestitures for the 12-month period following the respective transaction date(s).
We believe that organic revenue growth (or decline) provides investors with helpful information with respect to our operating performance, and we use organic revenue growth (or decline) to evaluate our ongoing operations as well as for internal planning and forecasting purposes. We believe that organic revenue growth (or decline) provides useful information in evaluating the results of our business because it excludes items that we believe are not indicative of ongoing performance or that we believe impact comparability with the prior-year period.
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Adjusted operating income, adjusted operating margin, adjusted net income, and adjusted EPS
We define adjusted operating income as operating income determined in accordance with U.S. GAAP, excluding certain non-GAAP adjustments which are described below. Adjusted operating margin is calculated by dividing adjusted operating income by net revenue calculated in accordance with U.S. GAAP. We define adjusted net income as follows: net income determined in accordance with U.S. GAAP, excluding certain non-GAAP adjustments which are described in Non-GAAP Adjustments below. Adjusted EPS is calculated by dividing adjusted net income by the number of diluted weighted-average ordinary shares outstanding in the period.
Management uses adjusted operating income, adjusted operating margin, adjusted net income, and adjusted EPS as measures of operating performance, for planning purposes (including the preparation of our annual operating budget), to allocate resources to enhance the financial performance of our business, to evaluate the effectiveness of our business strategies, in communications with our Board of Directors and investors concerning our financial performance, and as factors in determining compensation for certain employees. We believe investors and securities analysts also use these non-GAAP financial measures in their evaluation of our performance and the performance of other similar companies. These non-GAAP financial measures are not measures of liquidity.
Free cash flow
Free cash flow is defined as net cash provided by/(used in) operating activities less additions to PP&E and capitalized software. We believe free cash flow is useful to management and investors as a measure of cash generated by business operations that will be used to repay scheduled debt maturities and can be used to, among other things, fund acquisitions, repurchase ordinary shares, and (or) accelerate the repayment of debt obligations.
Adjusted EBITDA
Adjusted EBITDA represents net income, determined in accordance with U.S. GAAP, excluding interest expense, net, provision for/(benefit from) income taxes, depreciation expense, amortization of intangible assets, and the following non-GAAP adjustments, if applicable: (1) restructuring related and other, (2) financing and transaction related, (3) deferred gain or loss on commodities and other derivative instruments, and (4) step-up inventory amortization. Refer to Non-GAAP Adjustments below for additional discussion of these adjustments.
Net leverage ratio
Net leverage ratio represents net debt (total debt, finance lease and other financing obligations less cash and cash equivalents) divided by last twelve months ("LTM") adjusted EBITDA. We believe that the net leverage ratio is a useful measure to management and investors in understanding trends in our overall financial condition.
Non-GAAP adjustments
Many of our non-GAAP adjustments relate to a series of strategic initiatives developed by our management aimed at better positioning us for future revenue growth and an improved cost structure. These initiatives have been modified from time to time to reflect changes in overall market conditions and the competitive environment facing our business. These initiatives include, among other items, acquisitions, divestitures, restructurings of certain business, supply chain, or corporate activities, and various financing transactions. We describe these adjustments in more detail below.
Restructuring related and other: includes charges, net related to certain restructuring and other exit activities as well as other costs (or income) that we believe are either unique or unusual to the identified reporting period, and that we believe impact comparisons to prior period operating results. Such costs include charges related to optimization of our manufacturing processes to increase productivity. This type of activity occurs periodically, however each action is unique, discrete, and driven by various facts and circumstances. Such amounts are excluded from internal financial statements and analyses that management uses in connection with financial planning, and in its review and assessment of our operating and financial performance, including the performance of our segments. Restructuring related and other does not, however, include charges related to the integration of acquired businesses, including such charges that are recognized as restructuring and other charges, net in the consolidated statements of operations. This adjustment is net of current tax impacts.
Financing and other transaction costs: includes losses or gains related to debt financing transactions, losses or gains related to the divestiture of a business, losses or gains related to the termination of a long-term unfavorable supply agreement, and costs incurred, including for legal, accounting, and other professional services, that are directly related
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to an acquisition, divestiture, or equity financing transaction. There was no current tax effect related to this adjustment in any period presented.
Deferred loss or gain on derivative instruments: includes unrealized losses or gains on derivative instruments that do not qualify for hedge accounting as well as the impact of commodity prices on our raw material costs relative to the strike price on our commodity forward contracts. There was no current tax effect related to this adjustment in any period presented.
Step-up depreciation and amortization: includes depreciation and amortization expense associated with the step-up in fair value of assets acquired in connection with a business combination (e.g., PP&E, definite-lived intangible assets, and inventory). The current tax effect of step-up depreciation and amortization was not material, individually or in the aggregate, in any period presented.
Deferred taxes and other tax related: includes adjustments for book-to-tax basis differences due primarily to the step-up in fair value of fixed and intangible assets and goodwill, the utilization of net operating losses, and adjustments to our U.S. valuation allowance in connection with certain acquisitions and U.S. tax law changes. Other tax related items include certain adjustments to unrecognized tax positions and withholding tax on repatriation of foreign earnings.
Amortization of debt issuance costs. There was no current tax effect related to this adjustment in any period presented.
Where applicable, the current tax effect of non-GAAP adjustments.
Our definition of adjusted net income excludes the deferred provision for/(benefit from) income taxes and other tax related items described above. As we treat deferred income taxes as an adjustment to compute adjusted net income, the deferred income tax effect associated with the reconciling items presented below would not change adjusted net income for any period presented.
Non-GAAP reconciliations
The following tables provide reconciliations of certain financial measures calculated in accordance with U.S. GAAP to the related non-GAAP financial measures for the periods presented. Refer to Non-GAAP Adjustments section above for additional information on these adjustments. Amounts and percentages have been calculated based on unrounded numbers, accordingly, certain amounts may not appear to recalculate due to the effect of rounding.
  For the year ended December 31, 2020
(Dollars in millions, except per share amounts) Operating Income Operating Margin Net Income Diluted EPS
Reported (GAAP)
$ 337.7  11.1  % $ 164.3  $ 1.04 
Non-GAAP adjustments:
Restructuring related and other (c)
87.4  2.9  93.8  0.59 
Financing and other transaction costs 8.2  0.3  6.4  0.04 
Step-up depreciation and amortization 125.7  4.1  125.7  0.79 
Deferred loss/(gain) on derivative instruments 3.1  0.1  (7.0) (0.04)
Amortization of debt issuance costs —  —  6.9  0.04 
Deferred taxes and other tax related —  —  (40.9) (0.26)
Total adjustments 224.4  7.4  184.9  1.17 
Adjusted (non-GAAP)
$ 562.1  18.5  % $ 349.2  $ 2.21 
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  For the year ended December 31, 2019
(Dollars in millions, except per share amounts) Operating Income Operating Margin Net Income Diluted EPS
Reported (GAAP)
$ 556.9  16.1  % $ 282.7  $ 1.75 
Non-GAAP adjustments:
Restructuring related and other (c)
61.9  1.8  62.2  0.38 
Financing and other transaction costs 28.9  0.8  34.9  0.22 
Step-up depreciation and amortization
139.6  4.0  139.6  0.86 
Deferred gain on derivative instruments
(1.6) (0.0) (6.5) (0.04)
Amortization of debt issuance costs —  —  7.8  0.05 
Deferred taxes and other tax related —  —  55.2  0.34 
Total adjustments 228.8  6.6  293.2  1.81 
Adjusted (non-GAAP)
$ 785.7  22.8  % $ 575.9  $ 3.56 
  For the year ended December 31, 2018
(Dollars in millions, except per share amounts) Operating Income Operating Margin Net Income Diluted EPS
Reported (GAAP)
$ 710.4  20.2  % $ 599.0  $ 3.53 
Non-GAAP adjustments:
Restructuring related and other (c)
25.4  0.7  28.0  0.17 
Financing and other transaction costs (a)
(47.0) (1.3) (40.3) (0.24)
Step-up depreciation and amortization 141.2  4.0  141.2  0.83 
Deferred loss on derivative instruments 2.0  0.1  12.5  0.07 
Amortization of debt issuance costs —  —  7.3  0.04 
Deferred taxes and other tax related (b)
—  —  (128.3) (0.76)
Total adjustments 121.5  3.5  20.4  0.12 
Adjusted (non-GAAP)
$ 832.0  23.6  % $ 619.4  $ 3.65 
__________________________________________
(a)    Financing and other transaction costs in fiscal year 2018 primarily included a $64.4 million gain on the sale of the Valves Business and $5.9 million of related transaction costs.
(b)    In fiscal year 2020, we completed the transfer of intangible property which resulted in a $54.2 million deferred tax benefit. In fiscal year 2018, we recognized a deferred tax benefit of $144.1 million, which primarily included a $122.1 million deferred tax benefit related to the release of a portion of our U.S. valuation allowance as discussed in Note 7, "Income Taxes," of our Financial Statements.
(c)    The following table presents the components of our restructuring related and other non-GAAP adjustment to net income for fiscal years 2020, 2019, and 2018 (amounts have been calculated based on unrounded numbers, accordingly, certain amounts may not appear to recalculate due to the effect of rounding):
  For the year ended December 31,
(in millions) 2020 2019 2018
Business and corporate repositioning (i)
$ 35.8  $ 40.1  $ 8.8 
Supply chain repositioning and transition (ii)
30.8  16.0  15.3 
Preacquisition legal matters (iii)
31.5  5.3  2.9 
Other —  2.7  1.0 
Income tax effect (iv)
(4.2) (1.8) — 
Total non-GAAP restructuring related and other (v)
$ 93.8  $ 62.2  $ 28.0 
__________________________________________
i.Fiscal year 2020 includes charges incurred under the Q2 2020 Global Restructure Program and charges for other business and corporate workforce rationalization. Fiscal year 2019 includes benefits provided under a voluntary retirement incentive program, costs related to the shutdown and relocation of an operating site in Germany, and charges for other business and corporate workforce rationalization.
ii.Primarily includes costs related to optimization of our manufacturing processes to increase productivity and rationalize our manufacturing footprint and supply chain workforce rationalization.
iii.Represents charges incurred related to legal matters associated with acquired businesses, for which new information is brought to light after the measurement period for the business combination is closed, but for which the liability relates to events or activities that occurred prior to our acquisition of the business. Fiscal year 2020 primarily includes the settlement of intellectual property litigation brought against Schrader by Wasica.
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iv.We treat deferred taxes as a non-GAAP adjustment. Accordingly, the tax effect of the restructuring related and other non-GAAP adjustment refers only to the current tax effect. With respect to the year ended December 31, 2018, the current tax effect was not material, individually or in the aggregate.
v.Total presented is the non-GAAP adjustment to net income. Certain portions of these adjustments are non-operating and are excluded from the non-GAAP adjustments to operating income.
The following table provides a reconciliation of net cash provided by operating activities in accordance with U.S. GAAP to free cash flow.
For the year ended December 31,
(in millions) 2020 2019 2018
Net cash provided by operating activities $ 559.8  $ 619.6  $ 620.6 
Additions to property, plant and equipment and capitalized software $ (106.7) $ (161.3) $ (159.8)
Free cash flow $ 453.1  $ 458.3  $ 460.8 
The following table provides a reconciliation of net income in accordance with U.S. GAAP to Adjusted EBITDA.
For the year ended December 31,
(in millions) 2020 2019 2018
Net income $ 164.3  $ 282.7  $ 599.0 
Interest expense, net 171.8  158.6  153.7 
Provision for/(benefit from) income taxes 1.4  107.7  (72.6)
Depreciation expense 125.7  115.9  106.0 
Amortization of intangible assets 129.5  142.9  139.3 
EBITDA 592.6  807.7  925.4 
Non-GAAP Adjustments
Restructuring related and other 93.1  64.1  28.0 
Financing and other transaction costs 6.4  34.9  (40.3)
Deferred (gain)/loss on derivative instruments (7.0) (6.5) 12.5 
Step up inventory amortization —  —  0.9 
Adjusted EBITDA $ 685.1  $ 900.1  $ 926.5 
The following table provides a reconciliation of total debt, finance lease, and other financing obligations in accordance with U.S. GAAP to net leverage ratio.
For the year ended December 31,
(in millions) 2020 2019 2018
Current portion of long-term debt, finance lease and other financing obligations $ 757.2  $ 6.9  $ 14.6 
Finance lease and other financing obligations, less current portion 27.9  28.8  30.6 
Long-term debt, net 3,213.7  3,219.9  3,219.8 
Total debt, finance lease, and other financing obligations 3,998.9  3,255.6  3,264.9 
Less: Discount (9.6) (11.8) (15.2)
Less: Deferred financing costs (28.1) (24.5) (23.2)
Total gross indebtedness 4,036.6  3,291.8  3,303.3 
Less: Cash and cash equivalents 1,862.0  774.1  729.8 
Net Debt $ 2,174.6  $ 2,517.7  $ 2,573.4 
Adjusted EBITDA (LTM) $ 685.1  $ 900.1  $ 926.5 
Net leverage ratio 3.2 2.8 2.8
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Liquidity and Capital Resources
As of December 31, 2020 and 2019 we held cash and cash equivalents in the following regions:
As of December 31,
(in millions) 2020 2019
United Kingdom $ 25.3  $ 8.8 
United States 17.2  7.0 
The Netherlands 1,514.1  522.9 
China 185.2  119.3 
Other 120.2  116.1 
Total $ 1,862.0  $ 774.1 
The amount of cash and cash equivalents held in these geographic regions fluctuates throughout the year due to a variety of factors, such as our use of intercompany loans and dividends and the timing of cash receipts and disbursements in the normal course of business. Our earnings are not considered to be permanently reinvested in certain jurisdictions in which they were earned. We recognize a deferred tax liability on these unremitted earnings to the extent the remittance of such earnings cannot be recovered in a tax free manner.
On February 3, 2021, we announced that we intended to redeem in full the outstanding balance on the 6.25% Senior Notes in March 2021 at 103.125%. The cash to be used to execute this redemption, or approximately $773.4 million (excluding fees), will be paid from cash on hand in the Netherlands.
Cash Flows
The table below summarizes our primary sources and uses of cash for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018. We have derived the summarized statements of cash flows from our Financial Statements. Amounts in the table below have been calculated based on unrounded numbers. Accordingly, certain amounts may not appear to recalculate due to the effect of rounding.
  For the year ended December 31,
(in millions) 2020 2019 2018
Net cash provided by/(used in):
Operating activities:
Net income adjusted for non-cash items $ 405.3  $ 630.3  $ 687.5 
Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net 154.5  (10.7) (66.9)
Operating activities 559.8  619.6  620.6 
Investing activities (182.1) (208.8) (237.6)
Financing activities 710.2  (366.5) (406.2)
Net change $ 1,087.9  $ 44.3  $ (23.3)
Operating Activities
The decrease in cash provided by operating activities in fiscal year 2020 compared to fiscal year 2019 relates primarily to lower profitability, partially offset by reduced inventory and the timing of supplier payments and customer receipts.
The decrease in cash provided by operating activities in fiscal year 2019 compared to fiscal year 2018 relates primarily to lower operating profitability and the timing of supplier payments and customer receipts.
Investing Activities
Investing activities include cash flows related to additions to PP&E and capitalized software, the acquisition or divestiture of a business or assets, and the acquisition or sale of certain debt and equity securities.
The decrease in cash used in investing activities in fiscal year 2020 compared to fiscal year 2019 relates primarily to lower capital expenditures, partially offset by additional cash paid for acquisitions.
In fiscal year 2019, net cash used in investing activities decreased primarily due to lower cash used in acquisitions, as the GIGAVAC merger was completed in fiscal year 2018. This was partially offset by the impact of the divestiture of the Valves Business, for which proceeds were received in fiscal year 2018, cash paid for the acquisition of assets from Metal Seal, and cash used to acquire debt and equity securities.
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In fiscal year 2021, we anticipate additions to PP&E and capitalized software of approximately $160.0 million to $170.0 million, which we expect to be funded with cash flows from operations.
Financing Activities
In fiscal year 2020 cash provided by financing activities was $710.2 million compared to cash used in financing activities of $366.5 million in fiscal year 2019. This change was primarily driven by issuance of the 3.75% Senior Notes and lower volume of share repurchases.
On February 3, 2021, we announced we announced that we intended to redeem in full the outstanding balance on the 6.25% Senior Notes in March 2021 at 103.125%. The cash to be used to execute this redemption, or approximately $773.4 million (excluding fees), will be presented in cash used in financing activities in the first quarter of 2021.
In fiscal year 2019, net cash used in financing activities decreased primarily due to a lower volume of ordinary share repurchases.
Indebtedness and Liquidity
The following table details our gross outstanding indebtedness as of December 31, 2020, and the associated interest expense for the year then ended:
(in millions) Balance as of December 31, 2020 Interest Expense, net for the year ended December 31, 2020
Term Loan $ 456.1  $ 11.0 
4.875% Senior Notes 500.0  24.4 
5.625% Senior Notes 400.0  22.5 
5.0% Senior Notes 700.0  35.0 
6.25% Senior Notes(1)
750.0  46.9 
4.375% Senior Notes 450.0  19.7 
3.75% Senior Notes 750.0  10.5 
Revolving Credit Facility —  2.1 
Finance lease and other financing obligations 30.5  2.6 
Total gross outstanding indebtedness $ 4,036.6 
Other interest expense, net (2)
(2.9)
Interest expense, net $ 171.8 
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(1)    On February 3, 2021, we announced that we intended to redeem in full the outstanding balance on the 6.25% Senior Notes in March 2021. As a result, these notes have been classified as current on our consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2020.
(2)    Other interest expense, net includes interest income, amortization of debt issuance costs, and interest costs capitalized in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") Subtopic 835-20, Capitalization of Interest.
Debt Instruments
Refer to Note 14, "Debt," of our Financial Statements for information related to the terms of our debt instruments.
Capital Resources
Our sources of liquidity include cash on hand, cash flows from operations, and available capacity under the Revolving Credit Facility. In addition, the Senior Secured Credit Facilities provide for the Accordion, under which additional secured debt may be issued or the capacity of the Revolving Credit Facility may be increased. Availability under the Accordion varies each period based on our attainment of certain financial metrics as set forth in the terms of the Credit Agreement and the indentures under which our Senior Notes were issued (the "Senior Notes Indentures"). As of December 31, 2020, availability under the Accordion was approximately $0.6 billion.
We believe, based on our current level of operations as reflected in our results of operations for the year ended December 31, 2020, and taking into consideration the restrictions and covenants included in the Credit Agreement and Senior Notes Indentures discussed below and in Note 14, "Debt," of our Financial Statements, and the redemption of the 6.25% Senior Notes as discussed below, that these sources of liquidity will be sufficient to fund our operations, capital expenditures, ordinary
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share repurchases (if and when resumed), and debt service for at least the next twelve months. However, we cannot make assurances that our business will generate sufficient cash flows from operations or that future borrowings will be available to us in an amount sufficient to enable us to pay our indebtedness or to fund our other liquidity needs. Further, our highly-leveraged nature may limit our ability to procure additional financing in the future.
On April 1, 2020, in order to enhance our financial flexibility given the general uncertainty associated with the COVID-19 pandemic, we withdrew $400.0 million from the Revolving Credit Facility. On August 17, 2020, we used a portion of the proceeds from the issuance and sale of the 3.75% Senior Notes to repay the balance outstanding on the Revolving Credit Facility. As of December 31, 2020, we had $416.1 million available under the Revolving Credit Facility, net of $3.9 million of obligations related to outstanding letters of credit issued thereunder. Outstanding letters of credit are issued primarily for the benefit of certain operating activities. As of December 31, 2020, no amounts had been drawn against these outstanding letters of credit. On February 3, 2021, we announced that we intended to redeem in full the $750.0 million aggregate principal amount outstanding on our 6.25% Senior Notes due 2026 in March 2021. This redemption will be paid with cash on hand.
The Credit Agreement provides that, if our senior secured net leverage ratio exceeds a specified level, we are required to use a portion of our excess cash flow, as defined in the Credit Agreement, generated by operating, investing, or financing activities to prepay some or all of the outstanding borrowings under the Senior Secured Credit Facilities. The Credit Agreement also requires mandatory prepayments of the outstanding borrowings under the Senior Secured Credit Facilities upon certain asset dispositions and casualty events, in each case subject to certain reinvestment rights, and upon the incurrence of certain indebtedness (excluding any permitted indebtedness). These provisions were not triggered during the year ended December 31, 2020.
All obligations under the Senior Secured Credit Facilities are unconditionally guaranteed by certain of our subsidiaries (the "Guarantors"). The collateral for such borrowings under the Senior Secured Credit Facilities consists of substantially all present and future property and assets of our indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary, Sensata Technologies B.V. ("STBV") and the Guarantors.
Our ability to raise additional financing, and our borrowing costs, may be impacted by short- and long-term debt ratings assigned by independent rating agencies, which are based, in significant part, on our performance as measured by certain credit metrics such as interest coverage and leverage ratios. As of January 29, 2021, Moody’s Investors Service’s corporate credit rating for STBV was Ba2 with a stable outlook, and Standard & Poor’s corporate credit rating for STBV was BB+ with a negative outlook. The Standard & Poor's outlook represents a decline from their outlook of "stable" as of December 31, 2019. The change in outlook reflects the uncertainties in the markets caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Any future downgrades to STBV's credit ratings may increase our future borrowing costs, but will not reduce availability under the Credit Agreement.
The Credit Agreement and the Senior Notes Indentures contain restrictions and covenants (described in more detail in Note 14, "Debt," of our Financial Statements) that limit the ability of STBV and its subsidiaries to, among other things, incur subsequent indebtedness, sell assets, pay dividends, and make other restricted payments. These restrictions and covenants, which are subject to important exceptions and qualifications set forth in the Credit Agreement and Senior Notes Indentures, were taken into consideration in establishing our share repurchase programs, and are evaluated periodically with respect to future potential funding. We do not believe that these restrictions and covenants will prevent us from funding share repurchases under our share repurchase programs with available cash and cash flows from operations, should we decide to do so. As of December 31, 2020, we believe that we were in compliance with all the covenants and default provisions under the Credit Agreement and the Senior Notes Indentures.
Share repurchase program
From time to time, our Board of Directors has authorized various share repurchase programs, which may be modified or terminated by our Board of Directors at any time. Under these programs, we may repurchase ordinary shares at such times and in amounts to be determined by our management, based on market conditions, legal requirements, and other corporate considerations, on the open market or in privately negotiated transactions, provided that such transactions were completed pursuant to an agreement and with a third party approved by our shareholders at the annual general meeting. In July 2019, our Board of Directors authorized our current $500.0 million share repurchase program (the "July 2019 Program"). On April 2, 2020, we announced a temporary suspension of the July 2019 Program, which will continue to remain on hold until market conditions show greater improvement and stability. As of December 31, 2020, approximately $302.3 million remained available under the July 2019 Program.
During the year ended December 31, 2020, we repurchased approximately 0.9 million ordinary shares at a weighted-average price of $39.17 per share under the July 2019 Program.
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During the year ended December 31, 2019, we repurchased ordinary shares under the July 2019 Program and a $250.0 million share repurchase program authorized by our Board of Directors in October 2018 (the "October 2018 Program"). We repurchased approximately 7.2 million ordinary shares at a weighted-average price of $48.87 per share under these programs. The October 2018 Program was terminated upon commencement of the July 2019 Program.
During the year ended December 31, 2018, we repurchased approximately 7.6 million ordinary shares at a weighted-average price of $52.75 per share under a $400.0 million share repurchase program authorized by our Board of Directors in May 2018.
Contractual Obligations and Commercial Commitments
The table below reflects our contractual obligations as of December 31, 2020. On February 3, 2021, we announced that we intended to redeem in full the outstanding balance on the 6.25% Senior Notes in March 2021. As a result of this announcement, the 6.25% Senior Notes have been classified within current liabilities on our consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2020. The table below has been recast to reflect this classification. Amounts we pay in future periods may vary from those reflected in the table. Amounts in the table below have been calculated based on unrounded numbers. Accordingly, certain amounts may not appear to recalculate due to the effect of rounding.
  Payments Due by Period
(In millions) Total Less than One Year One to Three Years Three to Five Years More than
Five Years
Debt obligations principal(1)
$ 4,006.1  $ 754.6  $ 509.3  $ 1,109.3  $ 1,632.9 
Debt obligations interest(2)
919.3  187.8  275.9  205.2  250.4 
Finance lease obligations principal(3)
30.3  2.1  3.1  3.8  21.3 
Finance lease obligations interest(3)
19.2  2.5  4.6  4.0  8.2 
Other financing obligations principal(4)
0.2  0.2  —  —  — 
Operating lease obligations(5)
70.0  14.6  21.0  12.6  21.8 
Non-cancelable purchase obligations(6)
63.2  41.4  21.4  0.3  0.2 
Total contractual obligations(7)(8)
$ 5,108.3  $ 1,003.2  $ 835.3  $ 1,335.2  $ 1,934.8 
__________________________________________
(1)With the exception of the 6.25% Senior Notes, as discussed above, represents the contractually required principal payments, in accordance with the required payment schedule, on our debt obligations in existence as of December 31, 2020. The redemption of the $750.0 million aggregate principal amount of 6.25% Senior Notes is reflected as an outflow in fiscal year 2021.
(2)Represents the contractually required interest payments, in accordance with the required payment schedule, on our debt obligations in existence as of December 31, 2020. Cash flows associated with the next interest payment to be made on our variable rate debt subsequent to December 31, 2020 were calculated using the interest rates in effect as of the latest interest rate reset date prior to December 31, 2020, plus the applicable spread. Fiscal year 2021 outflow reflects cash outflow of $26.0 million related to interest on the 6.25% Senior Notes through March 5, 2021 and cash outflow of $23.4 million related to the 3.125% premium owed to the lenders as a result of the early redemption. This schedule has also been adjusted to reflect the annualized full year cash interest savings of approximately $46.9 million per year through fiscal year 2025 and $23.6 million in fiscal year 2026 as a result of early redemption of the 6.25% Senior Notes.
(3)Represents the contractually required payments, in accordance with the required payment schedule, under our finance lease obligations in existence as of December 31, 2020. No assumptions were made with respect to renewing these leases beyond their current terms.
(4)Represents the contractually required payments, in accordance with the required payment schedule, under our financing obligations in existence as of December 31, 2020. No assumptions were made with respect to renewing these financing arrangements beyond their current terms.
(5)Represents the contractually required payments, in accordance with the required payment schedule, under our operating lease obligations in existence as of December 31, 2020. No assumptions were made with respect to renewing these leases beyond their current terms.
(6)Represents the contractually required payments under our various purchase obligations in existence as of December 31, 2020. No assumptions were made with respect to renewing the purchase obligations at the expiration date of their initial terms.
(7)Contractual obligations denominated in a foreign currency were calculated utilizing the USD to local currency exchange rates in effect as of December 31, 2020.
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(8)This table does not include the contractual obligations associated with our pension and other post-retirement benefit plans. As of December 31, 2020, we had recognized a net benefit liability of $51.5 million, representing the net unfunded benefit obligations of the defined benefit and retiree healthcare plans. Refer to Note 13, "Pension and Other Post-Retirement Benefits," of our Financial Statements for additional information related to our pension and other post-retirement benefits, including expected benefit payments for the next 10 years. This table also does not include $24.7 million of unrecognized tax benefits as of December 31, 2020, as we are unable to make reasonably reliable estimates of when cash settlement, if any, will occur with a tax authority, as the timing and the ultimate resolution of the examination is uncertain. Refer to Note 7, "Income Taxes," of our Financial Statements for additional information related to our unrecognized tax benefits.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
As discussed in Note 2, "Significant Accounting Policies," of our Financial Statements, which more fully describes our significant accounting policies, the preparation of consolidated financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP requires us to exercise judgment in the process of applying our accounting policies. It also requires that we make estimates and assumptions about future events that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. The accounting policies and estimates that we believe are most critical to the portrayal of our financial condition and results of operations are listed below. We believe these policies require the most difficult, subjective, and complex judgments in estimating the effect of inherent uncertainties.
Revenue Recognition
The discussion below details the most significant judgments and estimates we make regarding recognition of revenue in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. In accordance with FASB ASC Topic 606, we recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which we expect to be entitled in exchange for those goods using a five step model. The most critical judgments and estimates we make in the implementation of this model relate to identifying the contract with the customer and determination of the transaction price associated with the performance obligation(s) in the contract, specifically related to variable consideration.
While many of the agreements with our customers specify certain terms and conditions that apply to any transaction between the parties, many of which are in effect for a defined term, the vast majority of these agreements do not result in contracts (as defined in FASB ASC Topic 606) because they do not create enforceable rights and obligations on the parties. Specifically, (1) the parties are not committed to perform any obligations in accordance with the specified terms and conditions until a customer purchase order is received and accepted by us and (2) there is a unilateral right of each party to terminate the agreement at any time without compensating the other party. For this reason, the vast majority of our contracts (as defined in FASB ASC Topic 606) are customer purchase orders. If this assessment were to change, it could result in a material change to the amount of net revenue recognized in a period.
The transaction price is the amount of consideration to which an entity expects to be entitled in exchange for transferring promised goods or services to a customer. In determining the transaction price related to a contract, we determine whether the amount promised in a contract includes a variable amount (variable consideration). Variable consideration may be specified in the customer purchase order, in another agreement that identifies terms and conditions of the transaction, or based on our customary practices. We have identified certain types of variable consideration that may be included in the transaction price related to our contracts, including sales returns (which generally include a right of return for defective or non-conforming product) and trade discounts (including retrospective volume discounts and early payment incentives). Such variable consideration has not historically been material. However, should our judgments and estimates regarding variable consideration change, it could result in a material change to the amount of net revenue recognized in a period.
Goodwill, Intangible Assets, and Long-Lived Assets
Businesses acquired are recognized at their fair value on the date of acquisition, with the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed recognized as goodwill. Intangible assets acquired may include either definite-lived or indefinite-lived intangible assets, or both. In accordance with FASB ASC Topic 350, Intangibles—Goodwill and Other, goodwill and intangible assets determined to have an indefinite useful life are not amortized. Instead these assets are evaluated for impairment on an annual basis, and whenever events or business conditions change that could indicate that the asset is impaired.
Goodwill
Our judgments regarding the existence of indicators of goodwill impairment are based on several factors, including the performance of the end markets served by our customers, as well as the actual financial performance of our reporting units and
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their respective financial forecasts over the long-term. We evaluate goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets for impairment in the fourth quarter of each fiscal year, unless events occur which trigger the need for an earlier impairment review.
Identification of reporting units. Our reporting units have been identified based on the definitions and guidance provided in FASB ASC Topic 350. Identification of reporting units includes an analysis of the components that comprise each of our operating segments, which considers, among other things, the manner in which we operate our business and the availability of discrete financial information. Components of an operating segment are aggregated to form one reporting unit if the components have similar economic characteristics. We periodically review these reporting units to ensure that they continue to reflect the manner in which the business is operated.
Historically, we have identified six reporting units. In the fourth quarter of 2020, in connection with our review of these reporting units, and consistent with our determination that our Performance Sensing operating segment was now two separate operating segments, we determined that our Performance Sensing reporting unit was now two separate reporting units, Automotive and HVOR. Refer to Note 20, “Segment Reporting,” of our Financial Statements for additional information on this decision. We reassigned assets and liabilities, including goodwill, to these new reporting units as required by FASB ASC Topic 350. This did not result in an impairment of the goodwill of either reporting unit. Accordingly, we now have seven reporting units, Automotive, HVOR, Electrical Protection, Industrial Sensing, Aerospace, Power Management, and Interconnection.
Assignment of assets, liabilities, and goodwill to reporting units. Some assets and liabilities relate to the operations of multiple reporting units. We allocate these assets and liabilities to the reporting units based on methods that we believe are reasonable and supportable. We apply that allocation method on a consistent basis from year to year. Other assets and liabilities, such as debt, cash and cash equivalents, and PP&E associated with our corporate offices, are viewed as being corporate in nature. Accordingly, we do not assign these assets and liabilities to our reporting units.
In the event we reorganize our business, we reassign the assets (including goodwill) and liabilities among the affected reporting units using a reasonable and supportable methodology. As businesses are acquired, we assign assets acquired (including goodwill) and liabilities assumed to a new or existing reporting unit as of the date of the acquisition. In the event a disposal group meets the definition of a business, goodwill is allocated to the disposal group based on the relative fair value of the disposal group to the retained portion of the related reporting unit.
Evaluation of goodwill for impairment. We have the option to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether a quantitative analysis must be performed. The objective of a qualitative analysis is to assess whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying value. We make this assessment based on macroeconomic conditions, industry and market considerations, cost factors, overall financial performance, and other relevant factors as applicable. If we elect not to use this option, or if we determine that it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying value, then we prepare a discounted cash flow analysis to determine whether the carrying value of the reporting unit exceeds its estimated fair value. If the carrying value of a reporting unit exceeds its estimated fair value, we recognize an impairment of goodwill for the amount of this excess, in accordance with the guidance in FASB Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") No. 2017-04, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other (Topic 350), Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment, which we adopted as of January 1, 2020.
We evaluated the goodwill of each reporting unit for impairment as of October 1, 2020 using a combination of the quantitative and qualitative methods. As a result of this evaluation we determined that none of our reporting units were impaired. For reporting units that were evaluated using the quantitative method, we estimated the fair values of our reporting units using the discounted cash flow method. For this method, we prepared detailed annual projections of future cash flows for the reporting unit for the subsequent five fiscal years (the "Discrete Projection Period"). We estimated the value of the cash flows beyond the fifth fiscal year (the "Terminal Year") by applying a multiple to the projected Terminal Year EBITDA. The cash flows from the Discrete Projection Period and the Terminal Year were discounted at an estimated weighted-average cost of capital ("WACC") appropriate for each reporting unit. The estimated WACC was derived, in part, from comparable companies appropriate to each reporting unit. We believe that our procedures for estimating discounted future cash flows, including the Terminal Year valuation, were reasonable and consistent with accepted valuation practices.
The preparation of forecasts of revenue growth and profitability for use in the long-range forecasts, the selection of the discount rates, and the estimation of the multiples used in valuing the Terminal Year involve significant judgments. Changes to these assumptions could affect the estimated fair value of one or more of our reporting units and could result in a goodwill impairment charge in a future period.
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Types of events that could result in a goodwill impairment. As noted above, the assumptions used in the quantitative calculation of fair value of our reporting units, including the long-range forecasts, the selection of the discount rates, and the estimation of the multiples or long-term growth rates used in valuing the Terminal Year involve significant judgments. Changes to these assumptions could affect the estimated fair values of our reporting units calculated in prior years and could result in a goodwill impairment charge in a future period. We believe that certain factors, such as a future recession, any material adverse conditions in the automotive industry and other industries in which we operate, and other factors identified in Item 1A, "Risk Factors," included elsewhere in this Report could cause us to revise our long-term projections and could reduce the multiples used to determine Terminal Year value. Such revisions could result in a goodwill impairment charge in the future.
We consider a combination of quantitative and qualitative factors to determine whether a reporting unit is at risk of failing Step 1 of the goodwill impairment test, including: the timing of our most recent quantitative impairment tests and the relative amount by which a reporting unit’s fair value exceeded its then carrying value, the inputs and assumptions underlying our valuation models and the sensitivity of our fair value measurements to those inputs and assumptions, the impact that adverse economic or market conditions may have on the degree of uncertainty inherent in our long-term operating forecasts, and changes in the carrying value of a reporting unit’s net assets from the time of our most recent goodwill impairment test. Based on the results of this analysis, we do not consider any of our reporting units to be at risk of failing Step 1 of the goodwill impairment test.
Evaluation of other intangible assets for impairment
Indefinite-lived intangible assets. Similar to goodwill, we perform an annual impairment review of our indefinite-lived intangible assets in the fourth quarter of each fiscal year, unless events occur that trigger the need for an earlier impairment review. We have the option to first assess qualitative factors in determining whether it is more likely than not that an indefinite-lived intangible asset is impaired. If we elect not to use this option, or we determine that it is more likely than not that the asset is impaired, we perform a quantitative impairment analysis in which we estimate the fair value of the indefinite-lived intangible asset and compare that amount to its carrying value. In performing this analysis, we estimate the fair value by using the relief-from-royalty method, in which we make assumptions about future conditions impacting the fair value of our indefinite-lived intangible assets, including projected growth rates, cost of capital, effective tax rates, and royalty rates. Impairment, if any, is based on the excess of the carrying value over the fair value of these assets.
We evaluated our indefinite-lived intangible assets for impairment as of October 1, 2020 (using the quantitative method) and determined that the estimated fair values of these assets exceeded their carrying values at that date. Should certain assumptions used in the development of the fair values of our indefinite-lived intangible assets change, we may be required to recognize an impairment charge in the future.
Definite-lived intangible assets. Reviews are regularly performed to determine whether facts or circumstances exist that indicate that the carrying values of our definite-lived intangible assets to be held and used are impaired. If we determine that such facts or circumstances exist, we estimate the recoverability of these assets by comparing the projected undiscounted net cash flows associated with these assets to their respective carrying values. If the sum of the projected undiscounted net cash flows falls below the carrying value of an asset, the impairment charge is measured as the excess of the carrying value over the fair value of that asset. We determine fair value by using the appropriate income approach valuation methodology depending on the nature of the definite-lived intangible asset.
Evaluation of long-lived assets for impairment
We periodically re-evaluate the carrying values and estimated useful lives of long-lived assets whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying values of these assets may not be recoverable. We use estimates of undiscounted cash flows from long-lived assets to determine whether the carrying values of such assets are recoverable over the assets’ remaining useful lives. These estimates include assumptions about our future performance and the performance of the end markets we serve. If an asset is determined to be impaired, the impairment is the amount by which its carrying value exceeds its fair value. These evaluations are performed at a level where discrete cash flows may be attributed to either an individual asset or a group of assets.
Income Taxes
As part of the process of preparing our financial statements, we are required to estimate our provision for (or benefit from) income taxes in each of the jurisdictions in which we operate. This involves estimating our actual current tax exposure, including assessing the risks associated with tax audits, together with assessing temporary differences resulting from the different treatment of items for tax and accounting purposes. These differences result in deferred tax assets and liabilities.
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Management judgment is required in determining various elements of our provision for (or benefit from) income taxes, including the amount of tax benefits on uncertain tax positions, and deferred tax assets that should be recognized.
In accordance with FASB ASC Topic 740, Income Taxes, we record uncertain tax positions on the basis of a two-step process. First, we determine whether it is more likely than not that the tax positions will be sustained based on the technical merits of the position. Second, for those tax positions that meet the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold, we recognize the largest amount of tax benefit that is greater than 50 percent likely to be realized upon ultimate settlement with the relevant tax authority. Significant judgment is required in evaluating whether our tax positions meet this two-step process. The more-likely-than-not recognition threshold must be met in each reporting period to support continued recognition of any tax benefits claimed, both in the current year, as well as any year which remains open for review by the relevant tax authority at the balance sheet date. Penalties and interest related to uncertain tax positions may be classified as either income taxes or another expense line item in the consolidated statements of operations. We classify interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions within the provision for/(benefit from) income taxes line of the consolidated statements of operations.
We recognize deferred tax assets to the extent that we believe these assets are more likely than not to be realized. In measuring our deferred tax assets, we consider all available evidence, both positive and negative, including future reversals of existing taxable temporary differences, projected future taxable income, tax-planning strategies, and results of recent operations in various jurisdictions, to determine whether, based on the weight of that evidence, a valuation allowance is needed for all or some portion of the deferred tax assets. Significant judgment is required in considering the relative impact of these items along with the weight that should be given to each category, commensurate with the extent to which it can be objectively verified. The more negative evidence that exists, the more positive evidence is necessary, and the more difficult it is to support a conclusion that a valuation allowance is not needed. Additionally, we utilize the "more likely than not" criteria established in FASB ASC Topic 740 to determine whether the future tax benefit from the deferred tax assets should be recognized.
Ultimately, the ability to realize our deferred tax assets is based on our assessment of future taxable income, which is based on estimated future results. In the event that actual results differ from these estimates, or we adjust our estimates in the future, we may need to adjust our valuation allowance assessment, which could materially impact our consolidated financial position and results of operations.
Pension and Other Post-Retirement Benefits
We sponsor various pension and other post-retirement benefit plans covering our current and former employees in several countries.
The funded status of pension and other post-retirement benefit plans is measured as the difference between the fair value of plan assets and the benefit obligation at the measurement date. Changes in the funded status of a pension or other post-retirement benefit plan are recognized in the year in which they occur by adjusting the recognized (net) liability or asset with an offsetting adjustment to either net income or other comprehensive income.
Our most difficult and subjective judgments and estimates relate to the valuation of our benefit obligations. Benefit obligations represent the actuarial present value of all benefits attributed by the pension formula as of the measurement date to employee service rendered before that date, and can be categorized as projected benefit obligations or accumulated benefit obligations. The value of projected benefit obligations take into consideration various actuarial assumptions including future compensation levels and the probability of payment between the measurement date and the expected date of payment. Accumulated benefit obligations differ from projected benefit obligations only in that they include no assumptions about future compensation levels.
The most significant assumptions used to determine a plan's funded status and net periodic benefit cost relate to discount rate, expected return on plan assets, and rate of increase in healthcare costs. These assumptions are reviewed annually. Refer to Note 13, "Pension and Other Post-Retirement Benefits," of our Financial Statements for additional information related to the values determined for each of these assumptions in the last three fiscal years.
The discount rate reflects the current rate at which the pension and other post-retirement liabilities could be effectively settled, considering the timing of expected payments for plan participants. It is used to discount the estimated future obligations of the plans to the present value of the liability reflected in the financial statements. In estimating this rate in countries that have a market of high-quality fixed-income investments, we consider rates of return on these investments included in various bond indices, adjusted to eliminate the effects of call provisions and differences in the timing and amounts of cash outflows related to the bonds. In other countries where a market of high-quality fixed-income investments does not exist, we estimate the discount rate using government bond yields or long-term inflation rates.
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The expected return on plan assets reflects the average rate of earnings expected on the funds invested to provide for the benefits included in the projected benefit obligation. To determine the expected return on plan assets, we consider the historical returns earned by similarly invested assets, the rates of return expected on plan assets in the future, and our investment strategy and asset mix with respect to the plans’ funds.
The rate of increase of healthcare costs directly impacts the estimate of our future obligations in connection with our post-retirement medical benefits. Our estimate of healthcare cost trends is based on historical increases in healthcare costs under similarly designed plans, the level of increase in healthcare costs expected in the future, and the design features of the underlying plan.
Other assumptions used include employee demographic factors such as compensation rate increases, retirement patterns, employee turnover rates, and mortality rates. Our review of demographic assumptions includes analyzing historical patterns and/or referencing industry standard tables, combined with our expectations around future compensation and staffing strategies. The difference between these assumptions and our actual experience results in the recognition of an actuarial gain or loss.
Future changes to assumptions, or differences between actual and expected outcomes, can significantly affect our future net periodic benefit cost, projected benefit obligations, and accumulated other comprehensive loss.
Share-Based Compensation
FASB ASC Topic 718, Compensation—Stock Compensation, requires that a company measure at fair value any new or modified share-based compensation arrangements with employees, such as stock options and restricted securities, and recognize as compensation expense that fair value over the requisite service period.
We estimate the fair value of stock options on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes-Merton option-pricing model. Key assumptions used in this model are (1) the fair value of the underlying ordinary shares, (2) the time period for which we expect the stock options will be outstanding (the expected term), (3) the expected volatility of the price of our ordinary shares, (4) the risk-free interest rate, and (5) the expected dividend yield. Expected term and expected volatility are the judgments that we believe are the most critical and subjective in estimating fair value (and related share-based compensation expense) of our stock option awards.
The expected term is determined based upon our own historical average term of exercised and outstanding stock options. We consider our own historical volatility, as well as our implied volatility, in estimating expected volatility for stock options. Implied volatility provides a forward-looking indication and may offer insight into expected volatility.
Other assumptions used include risk-free interest rate and expected dividend yield. The risk-free interest rate is based on the yield for a U.S. Treasury security having a maturity similar to the expected term of the related stock option grant. This assumption is dependent on the assumed expected term. The dividend yield of 0% is based on our history of having never declared or paid any dividends on our ordinary shares as well as our current intention not to declare dividends in the foreseeable future. Refer to Item 5, "Market for Registrant's Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters, and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities," included elsewhere in this Report for additional information related to limitations on our ability to pay dividends.
Certain of our restricted securities include performance conditions that require us to estimate the probable outcome of the performance condition. This assessment is based on management's judgment using internally developed forecasts and is assessed at each reporting period. Compensation expense is recognized if it is probable that the performance condition will be achieved.
We elect to recognize share-based compensation expense net of estimated forfeitures as permitted by FASB ASC Topic 718, and therefore only recognize compensation expense for those awards expected to vest over the requisite service period. The forfeiture rate is based on our estimate of forfeitures by plan participants after consideration of historical forfeiture rates. Compensation expense recognized for each award ultimately reflects the number of units that actually vest.
Material changes to any of these assumptions may have a significant effect on our valuation of stock options, and, ultimately, the share-based compensation expense recognized in the consolidated statements of operations.
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Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
From time to time, we execute contracts that require us to indemnify the other parties to the contracts. These indemnification obligations generally arise in two contexts. First, in connection with certain transactions, such as the divestiture of a business or the issuance of debt or equity securities, the agreement typically contains standard provisions requiring us to indemnify the purchaser against breaches by us of representations and warranties contained in the agreement. These indemnities are generally subject to time and liability limitations. Second, we enter into agreements in the ordinary course of business, such as customer contracts, that might contain indemnification provisions relating to product quality, intellectual property infringement, governmental regulations and employment related matters, and other typical indemnities. In certain cases, indemnification obligations arise by law.
We believe that our indemnification obligations are consistent with other companies in the markets in which we compete. Performance under any of these indemnification obligations would generally be triggered by a breach of the terms of the contract or by a third-party claim. Historically, we have experienced only immaterial and irregular losses associated with these indemnifications. Consequently, any future liabilities brought about by these indemnifications cannot reasonably be estimated or accrued. 
Refer to Note 15, "Commitments and Contingencies," of our Financial Statements for additional information related to our off-balance sheet arrangements.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
Recently issued accounting standards adopted in the current period:
In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-04, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other (Topic 350), Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment in order to simplify the subsequent measurement of goodwill. This guidance changes the method by which an impairment of goodwill is calculated. Under the previous guidance, goodwill impairment was calculated in two steps. In Step 1, an entity would assess whether an impairment had occurred, either qualitatively or by comparing the estimated fair values of our reporting units to their respective carrying values, including goodwill. If the results of Step 1 indicated an impairment had occurred, Step 2 would be performed, in which the implied value of goodwill of the reporting unit would be calculated and an impairment would be recognized for the difference between the implied value of goodwill and the recorded amount of goodwill. Under FASB ASU No. 2017-04, while Step 1 of this process has not changed, Step 2 as described above has been eliminated, and impairment charges are recorded for the amount by which the carrying value of the reporting unit exceeds its estimated fair value. FASB ASU No. 2017-04 was effective for annual and interim goodwill impairment tests in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019. We adopted FASB ASU No. 2017-04 as of January 1, 2020. This adoption did not have an impact on our financial statements as none of our reporting units were determined to have carrying values in excess of fair values during the year ended December 31, 2020.
Recently issued accounting standards to be adopted in a future period:
There are no recently issued accounting standards to be adopted in future periods that are expected to have a material impact on our consolidated financial position or results of operations.
ITEM 7A.     QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
We are exposed to changes in foreign currency exchange rates because we transact in a variety of foreign currencies. We are also exposed to changes in the prices of certain commodities (primarily metals) that we use in production. Changes in these foreign currency exchange rates and commodity prices may have an impact on future cash flows and earnings. We monitor our exposure to these risks, and may employ derivative financial instruments to limit the volatility to earnings and cash flows generated by these exposures. We employ derivative contracts that may or may not be designated for hedge accounting treatment under FASB ASC Topic 815, Derivatives and Hedging, which can result in volatility to earnings depending upon fluctuations in the underlying markets.
By using derivative instruments, we are subject to credit and market risk. The fair market values of these derivative instruments are based upon valuation models whose inputs are derived using market observable inputs, including foreign currency exchange and commodity spot and forward rates, and reflect the asset and liability positions as of the end of each reporting period. When the fair value of a derivative contract is positive, the counterparty is liable to us, thus creating a receivable risk for us. We are exposed to counterparty credit (or repayment) risk in the event of non-performance by counterparties to our derivative agreements. We attempt to minimize this risk by entering into transactions with major financial institutions of investment grade credit rating.
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Interest Rate Risk
As discussed further in Note 14, "Debt," of our Financial Statements, the Credit Agreement provides for the Senior Secured Credit Facilities consisting of the Term Loan, the Revolving Credit Facility, and incremental availability under which additional secured credit facilities could be issued under certain circumstances.
The Term Loan accrues interest at a variable rate that is currently based on LIBOR, plus an interest rate margin, in accordance with the terms of the Credit Agreement.
Sensitivity Analysis
As of December 31, 2020, we had an outstanding balance on the Term Loan (excluding debt discount and deferred financing costs) of $456.1 million. The applicable interest rate associated with the Term Loan at December 31, 2020 was 1.90%. An increase of 100 basis points in this rate would result in additional interest expense of $4.4 million in fiscal year 2021. An additional 100 basis point increase in this rate would result in incremental interest expense of $8.7 million in fiscal year 2021.
As of December 31, 2019, we had an outstanding balance on the Term Loan (excluding debt discount and deferred financing costs) of $460.7 million. The applicable interest rate associated with the Term Loan at December 31, 2019 was 3.59%. An increase of 100 basis points in this rate would have resulted in additional interest expense of $4.7 million in fiscal year 2020. An additional 100 basis point increase in this rate would have resulted in incremental interest expense of $4.7 million in fiscal year 2020.
Foreign Currency Risk
Consistent with our risk management objective and strategy to reduce exposure to variability in cash flows, and for non-trading purposes, we enter into foreign currency exchange rate derivatives that qualify as cash flow hedges, and that are intended to offset the effect of exchange rate fluctuations on forecasted sales and certain manufacturing costs. We also enter into foreign currency forward contracts that are not designated for hedge accounting purposes. Refer to Note 19, "Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities," of our Financial Statements for additional information related to the foreign currency forward contracts outstanding as of December 31, 2020.
Sensitivity Analysis
The tables below present our foreign currency forward contracts as of December 31, 2020 and 2019 and the estimated impact to future pre-tax earnings as a result of a 10% strengthening/weakening in the foreign currency exchange rate:
(Decrease)/Increase to Future Pre-tax Earnings Due to:
(In millions) Net (Liability)/Asset Balance as of December 31, 2020
10% Strengthening of the Value of the Foreign Currency Relative to the U.S. Dollar
10% Weakening of the Value of the Foreign Currency Relative to the U.S. Dollar
Euro $ (21.3) $ (41.9) $ 41.9 
Chinese Renminbi $ (2.2) $ (16.5) $ 16.5 
Japanese Yen $ 0.0  $ 0.9  $ (0.9)
Korean Won $ (1.0) $ (1.5) $ 1.5 
Malaysian Ringgit $ 0.0  $ 0.5  $ (0.5)
Mexican Peso $ 12.3  $ 15.9  $ (15.9)
British Pound Sterling $ 3.7  $ 7.5  $ (7.5)
(Decrease)/Increase to Future Pre-tax Earnings Due to:
(In millions) Net Asset/(Liability) Balance as of December 31, 2019
10% Strengthening of the Value of the Foreign Currency Relative to the U.S. Dollar
10% Weakening of the Value of the Foreign Currency Relative to the U.S. Dollar
Euro $ 12.6  $ (41.2) $ 41.2 
Chinese Renminbi $ (0.7) $ (10.7) $ 10.7 
Japanese Yen $ 0.0  $ 0.5  $ (0.5)
Korean Won $ 0.3  $ (2.1) $ 2.1 
Malaysian Ringgit $ 0.0  $ 0.5  $ (0.5)
Mexican Peso $ 8.5  $ 15.5  $ (15.5)
British Pound Sterling $ 0.8  $ 6.7  $ (6.7)
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Commodity Risk
We are exposed to the potential change in prices associated with certain commodities used in the manufacturing of our products. We offset a portion of this exposure by entering into forward contracts that fix the price at a future date for various notional amounts associated with these commodities. These forward contracts are not designated as accounting hedges. Refer to Note 19, "Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities," of our Financial Statements for additional information related to the commodity forward contracts outstanding as of December 31, 2020.
Sensitivity Analysis
The tables below present our commodity forward contracts as of December 31, 2020 and 2019 and the estimated impact to pre-tax earnings associated with a 10% increase/(decrease) in the related forward price for each commodity:
Net Asset/(Liability) Balance as of
December 31, 2020
Average Forward Price Per Unit as of December 31, 2020 Increase/(Decrease) to Pre-tax Earnings Due to
(In millions, except per unit amounts) 10% Increase
in the Forward Price
10% Decrease
in the Forward Price
Silver $ 4.4  $ 26.47  $ 2.0  $ (2.0)
Gold $ 1.2  $ 1,901.03  $ 1.4  $ (1.4)
Nickel $ 0.2  $ 7.58  $ 0.1  $ (0.1)
Aluminum $ 0.1  $ 0.91  $ 0.2  $ (0.2)
Copper $ 1.2  $ 3.52  $ 0.6  $ (0.6)
Platinum $ 1.1  $ 1,064.51  $ 0.8  $ (0.8)
Palladium $ 0.4  $ 2,423.24  $ 0.2  $ (0.2)
Net Asset/(Liability) Balance as of
December 31, 2019
Average Forward Price Per Unit as of December 31, 2019 Increase/(Decrease) to Pre-tax Earnings Due to
(In millions, except per unit amounts) 10% Increase
in the Forward Price
10% Decrease
in the Forward Price
Silver $ 1.2  $ 18.15  $ 1.6  $ (1.6)
Gold $ 1.1  $ 1,539.13  $ 1.2  $ (1.2)
Nickel $ 0.0  $ 6.41  $ 0.1  $ (0.1)
Aluminum $ (0.2) $ 0.84  $ 0.3  $ (0.3)
Copper $ (0.0) $ 2.81  $ 0.7  $ (0.7)
Platinum $ 0.6  $ 986.68  $ 0.7  $ (0.7)
Palladium $ 0.4  $ 1,873.95  $ 0.2  $ (0.2)
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ITEM 8.     FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
1.Financial Statements
The following audited consolidated financial statements of Sensata Technologies Holding plc are included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K:
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67
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69
70
71
72
 
2.Financial Statement Schedules
The following schedules are included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K:
121
126
Schedules other than those listed above have been omitted since the required information is not present, or not present in amounts sufficient to require submission of the schedule, or because the information required is included in the audited consolidated financial statements or the notes thereto.
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Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To the Shareholders and the Board of Directors of
Sensata Technologies Holding plc

Opinion on the Financial Statements
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Sensata Technologies Holding plc (the Company) as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income, cash flows and changes in shareholders’ equity for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2020, and the related notes and financial statement schedules listed in the Index at Item 15(a) (collectively referred to as the "consolidated financial statements"). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company at December 31, 2020 and 2019, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2020, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2020, based on criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (2013 framework) and our report dated February 12, 2021 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.
Basis for Opinion
These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
Critical Audit Matters
The critical audit matters communicated below are matters arising from the current period audit of the financial statements that were communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that: (1) relate to accounts or disclosures that are material to the financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective or complex judgments. The communication of critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on the consolidated financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matters below, providing separate opinions on the critical audit matters or on the accounts or disclosures to which they relate.
Valuation of goodwill
Description of the Matter As of December 31, 2020, the Company’s goodwill balance was $3.1 billion. The Company’s goodwill is initially assigned to its reporting units as of the acquisition date. As discussed in Note 2 of the consolidated financial statements, goodwill is tested for impairment at the reporting unit level. The Company evaluated goodwill for impairment as of October 1, 2020. The Company used a combination of the quantitative and qualitative methods to assess their reporting units for impairment.
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Auditing management’s goodwill impairment analysis for the reporting units for which the quantitative method was utilized was complex and judgmental due to the estimation required in determining the fair value of the reporting units. In particular, the fair value estimates included significant assumptions such as the long-range forecasts, the selection of the discount rates, and the estimation of the multiples or long-term growth rates used in valuing the terminal year which are affected by expectations about future market or economic conditions.
How We Addressed the Matter in Our Audit
We obtained an understanding, evaluated the design and tested the operating effectiveness of controls over the Company’s quantitative goodwill impairment review process. For example, we tested controls over management’s review of the data used in their valuation models and reviewed significant assumptions discussed above used in determining the reporting unit fair values.
To test the estimated fair value of the Company’s reporting units, with the assistance of our valuation professionals, our audit procedures included, among others, assessing fair value methodologies and testing the significant assumptions discussed above. We compared the significant assumptions used by management to current industry and economic trends, the Company’s historical trends with consideration given to changes in the Company’s business, customer base or product mix and other relevant factors. We assessed the historical accuracy of management’s estimates and performed sensitivity analyses of significant assumptions to evaluate the changes in the fair value of the reporting units that would result from changes in the assumptions. We also evaluated the reconciliation of the estimated aggregate fair value of the reporting units to the Company’s market capitalization.
Income taxes – uncertain tax positions
Description of the Matter
As discussed in Note 7, at December 31, 2020, the Company had approximately $201.4 million of unrecognized tax benefits associated with uncertain tax positions. Uncertainty in a tax position may arise as tax laws are subject to interpretation. The Company uses significant judgment in (1) determining whether a tax position’s technical merits are more-likely-than-not to be sustained and (2) measuring the amount of tax benefit that qualifies for recognition.
Auditing the recognition and measurement of tax positions related to uncertain tax positions involved significant auditor judgment and use of tax professionals with specialized skills and knowledge because both the recognition and measurement of the tax positions are complex, highly judgmental and based on interpretations of tax laws and legal rulings.
How We Addressed the Matter in Our Audit
We obtained an understanding, evaluated the design and tested the operating effectiveness of controls over the Company’s process to identify and record the reserve for uncertain tax positions. For example, we tested controls over management’s evaluation of the technical merits of tax positions and identification of uncertain tax positions and the controls to measure the benefit of those tax positions, including management’s review of the inputs and calculations of unrecognized tax benefits resulting from uncertain tax positions.
To test the amounts recorded as uncertain tax positions we involved our tax professionals to evaluate the technical merits of the Company’s income tax positions. Our procedures included, among others, evaluating income tax technical analysis or other third party advice obtained by the company and inspecting correspondence, assessments and settlements from the relevant tax authorities. We also applied our knowledge and experience with the application of federal, foreign and state income tax laws to evaluate the Company’s accounting for those tax positions. We analyzed the Company’s assumptions and data used to determine the amount of tax benefit to recognize and tested the accuracy of the calculations. We also evaluated the Company’s income tax disclosures included in Note 7 in relation to these matters.
/s/ Ernst & Young LLP
We have served as the Company's auditor since 2005.
Boston, Massachusetts
February 12, 2021
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SENSATA TECHNOLOGIES HOLDING PLC
Consolidated Balance Sheets
(In thousands, except per share amounts)
As of December 31,
2020 2019
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents $ 1,861,980  $ 774,119 
Accounts receivable, net of allowances of $19,033 and $15,129 as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively
576,647  557,874 
Inventories 451,005  506,678 
Prepaid expenses and other current assets 90,340  126,981 
Total current assets 2,979,972  1,965,652 
Property, plant and equipment, net 803,825  830,998 
Goodwill 3,111,349  3,093,598 
Other intangible assets, net 691,549  770,904 
Deferred income tax assets 84,785  21,150 
Other assets 172,722  152,217 
Total assets $ 7,844,202  $ 6,834,519 
Liabilities and shareholders’ equity
Current liabilities:
Current portion of long-term debt, finance lease and other financing obligations $ 757,205  $ 6,918 
Accounts payable 393,907  376,968 
Income taxes payable 19,215  35,234 
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities 324,830  215,626 
Total current liabilities 1,495,157  634,746 
Deferred income tax liabilities 259,857  251,033 
Pension and other post-retirement benefit obligations 48,002  36,100 
Finance lease and other financing obligations, less current portion 27,931  28,810 
Long-term debt, net 3,213,747  3,219,885 
Other long-term liabilities 94,022  90,190 
Total liabilities 5,138,716  4,260,764 
Commitments and contingencies (Note 15)
Shareholders’ equity:
Ordinary shares, €0.01 nominal value per share, 177,069 shares authorized and 173,266 and 172,561 shares issued as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively
2,220  2,212 
Treasury shares, at cost, 15,631 and 14,733 shares as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively
(784,596) (749,421)
Additional paid-in capital 1,759,668  1,725,091 
Retained earnings 1,777,729  1,616,357 
Accumulated other comprehensive loss (49,535) (20,484)
Total shareholders’ equity 2,705,486  2,573,755 
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity $ 7,844,202  $ 6,834,519 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
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SENSATA TECHNOLOGIES HOLDING PLC
Consolidated Statements of Operations
(In thousands, except per share amounts)
 
  For the year ended December 31,
  2020 2019 2018
Net revenue $ 3,045,578  $ 3,450,631  $ 3,521,627 
Operating costs and expenses:
Cost of revenue 2,119,044  2,267,433  2,266,863 
Research and development 131,429  148,425  147,279 
Selling, general and administrative 294,725  281,442  305,558 
Amortization of intangible assets 129,549  142,886  139,326 
Restructuring and other charges, net 33,094  53,560  (47,818)
Total operating costs and expenses 2,707,841  2,893,746  2,811,208 
Operating income 337,737  556,885  710,419 
Interest expense, net (171,757) (158,554) (153,679)
Other, net (339) (7,908) (30,365)
Income before taxes 165,641  390,423  526,375 
Provision for/(benefit from) income taxes 1,355  107,709  (72,620)
Net income $ 164,286  $ 282,714  $ 598,995 
Basic net income per share $ 1.04  $ 1.76  $ 3.55 
Diluted net income per share $ 1.04  $ 1.75  $ 3.53 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

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SENSATA TECHNOLOGIES HOLDING PLC
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income
(In thousands)
  For the year ended December 31,
  2020 2019 2018
Net income $ 164,286  $ 282,714  $ 598,995 
Other comprehensive (loss)/income, net of tax:
Cash flow hedges (23,279) 7,362  37,363 
Defined benefit and retiree healthcare plans (5,772) (1,668) (377)
Other comprehensive (loss)/income (29,051) 5,694  36,986 
Comprehensive income $ 135,235  $ 288,408  $ 635,981 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

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SENSATA TECHNOLOGIES HOLDING PLC
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(In thousands)
  For the year ended December 31,
  2020 2019 2018
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income $ 164,286  $ 282,714  $ 598,995 
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation 125,680  115,862  106,014 
Amortization of debt issuance costs 6,854  7,804  7,317 
Gain on sale of business —  —  (64,423)
Share-based compensation 19,125  18,757  23,825 
Loss on debt financing —  4,364  2,350 
Amortization of intangible assets 129,549  142,886  139,326 
Deferred income taxes (44,900) 27,623  (144,068)
Unrealized loss on derivative instruments and other 4,709  30,292  18,176 
Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of the effects of acquisitions and divestitures:
Accounts receivable, net (16,668) 26,605  (34,877)
Inventories 58,390  (10,924) (55,445)
Prepaid expenses and other current assets 36,431  10,073  (11,891)
Accounts payable and accrued expenses 90,479  (34,563) 48,371 
Income taxes payable (16,019) 2,308  (353)
Other 1,859  (4,239) (12,754)
Net cash provided by operating activities 559,775  619,562  620,563 
Cash flows from investing activities:
Acquisitions, net of cash received (64,432) (32,465) (228,307)
Additions to property, plant and equipment and capitalized software (106,719) (161,259) (159,787)
Investment in debt and equity securities (22,963) (9,950) — 
Proceeds from sale of business, net of cash sold —  —  149,777 
Other 12,022  (5,103) 711 
Net cash used in investing activities (182,092) (208,777) (237,606)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds from exercise of stock options and issuance of ordinary shares 15,457  15,150  6,093 
Payment of employee restricted stock tax withholdings (2,911) (6,990) (3,674)
Proceeds from borrowings on debt 1,150,000  450,000  — 
Payments on debt (408,914) (464,605) (15,653)
Payments to repurchase ordinary shares (35,175) (350,004) (399,417)
Payments of debt and equity issuance costs (8,279) (10,050) (9,931)
Other —  —  16,369 
Net cash provided by/(used in) financing activities 710,178  (366,499) (406,213)
Net change in cash and cash equivalents 1,087,861  44,286  (23,256)
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of year 774,119  729,833  753,089 
Cash and cash equivalents, end of year $ 1,861,980  $ 774,119  $ 729,833 
Supplemental cash flow items:
Cash paid for interest $ 164,494  $ 169,543  $ 163,478 
Cash paid for income taxes $ 65,823  $ 61,031  $ 72,924 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
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SENSATA TECHNOLOGIES HOLDING PLC
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity
(In thousands)
  Ordinary Shares Treasury Shares Additional
Paid-In
Capital
Retained Earnings Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Loss
Total
Shareholders’
Equity
  Number Amount Number Amount
Balance as of December 31, 2017 178,437  $ 2,289  (7,076) $ (288,478) $ 1,663,367  $ 1,031,612  $ (63,164) $ 2,345,626 
Surrender of shares for tax withholding —  —  (71) (3,674) —  —  —  (3,674)
Stock options exercised 114  58  2,250  3,998  (156) —  6,093 
Vesting of restricted securities 257  —  —  —  (3) —  — 
Retirement of ordinary shares due to Merger
(7,018) (89) 7,018  286,228  —  (286,139) —  — 
Repurchase of ordinary shares —  —  (7,571) (399,417) —  —  —  (399,417)
Other retirements of ordinary shares (71) (1) 71  3,674  —  (3,673) —  — 
Share-based compensation —  —  —  —  23,825  —  —  23,825 
Net income —  —  —  —  —  598,995  —  598,995 
Other comprehensive income —  —  —  —  —  —  36,986  36,986 
Balance as of December 31, 2018 171,719  2,203  (7,571) (399,417) 1,691,190  1,340,636  (26,178) 2,608,434 
Surrender of shares for tax withholding —  —  (149) (6,990) —  —  —  (6,990)
Stock options exercised 537  —  —  15,144  —  —  15,150 
Vesting of restricted securities 454  —  —  —  (5) —  — 
Repurchase of ordinary shares —  —  (7,162) (350,004) —  —  —  (350,004)
Retirement of ordinary shares (149) (2) 149  6,990  —  (6,988) —  — 
Share-based compensation —  —  —  —  18,757  —  —  18,757 
Net income —  —  —  —  —  282,714  —  282,714 
Other comprehensive income —  —  —  —  —  —  5,694  5,694 
Balance as of December 31, 2019 172,561  2,212  (14,733) (749,421) 1,725,091  1,616,357  (20,484) 2,573,755 
Surrender of shares for tax withholding —  —  (96) (2,911) —  —  —  (2,911)
Stock options exercised 452  —  —  15,452  —  —  15,457 
Vesting of restricted securities 349  —  —  —  (4) —  — 
Repurchase of ordinary shares —  —  (898) (35,175) —  —  —  (35,175)
Retirement of ordinary shares (96) (1) 96  2,911  —  (2,910) —  — 
Share-based compensation —  —  —  —  19,125  —  —  19,125 
Net income —  —  —  —  —  164,286  —  164,286 
Other comprehensive loss —  —  —  —  —  —  (29,051) (29,051)
Balance as of December 31, 2020 173,266  $ 2,220  (15,631) $ (784,596) $ 1,759,668  $ 1,777,729  $ (49,535) $ 2,705,486 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

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SENSATA TECHNOLOGIES HOLDING PLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

1. Business Description and Basis of Presentation
Description of Business
The accompanying audited consolidated financial statements reflect the financial position, results of operations, comprehensive income, cash flows, and changes in shareholders' equity of Sensata Technologies Holding plc ("Sensata plc"), a public limited company incorporated under the laws of England and Wales, and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, collectively referred to as the "Company," "Sensata," "we," "our," and "us."
Prior to March 28, 2018, our parent company issuer was Sensata Technologies Holding N.V. ("Sensata N.V."), which was incorporated under the laws of the Netherlands. On March 28, 2018, Sensata plc completed a cross-border merger (the "Merger") with Sensata N.V., which changed the location of our incorporation from the Netherlands to England and Wales, but did not change the business being conducted by us or our subsidiaries.
We are a global industrial technology company that develops, manufactures, and sells sensors, electrical protection products, and other products that are used in mission-critical systems and applications that create valuable business insights for our customers and end users. Our sensors are used by our customers to translate a physical parameter, such as pressure, temperature, position, or location of an object, into electronic signals that our customers’ products and solutions can act upon. These actionable insights lead to products that are safer, cleaner, more efficient, more electrified, and increasingly more connected. Our electrical protection product portfolio is comprised of various sensors, controllers, receivers, and software, and includes high-voltage contactors and other products embedded within systems to maximize their efficiency and protect them from excessive heat or current.
Sensata plc conducts its operations through subsidiary companies that operate business and product development centers primarily in Belgium, Bulgaria, China, Denmark, France, India, Japan, the Netherlands, South Korea, the United Kingdom (the "U.K."), and the United States (the "U.S."); and manufacturing operations primarily in Bulgaria, China, Malaysia, Mexico, the U.K., and the U.S.
We operate in, and report financial information for, two reportable segments: Performance Sensing and Sensing Solutions. Refer to Note 20, "Segment Reporting," for additional information related to each of our segments.
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying audited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles ("U.S. GAAP") and present separately our financial position, results of operations, comprehensive income, cash flows, and changes in shareholders’ equity.
All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated. All U.S. dollar ("USD") and share amounts presented, except per share amounts, are stated in thousands, unless otherwise indicated. Certain reclassifications have been made to prior periods to conform to current period presentation.
2. Significant Accounting Policies
Use of Estimates
The preparation of consolidated financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP requires us to exercise our judgment in the process of applying our accounting policies. It also requires that we make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosures of contingencies at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of net revenue and expense during the reporting periods.
Estimates are used when accounting for certain items such as allowance for doubtful accounts and sales returns, inventory obsolescence, asset impairments (including goodwill and other intangible assets), contingencies, the value of certain equity awards and the measurement of share-based compensation, the determination of accrued expenses, certain asset valuations, accounting for income taxes, the useful lives of plant and equipment, measurement of our post-retirement benefit obligations, and the identification, valuation, and determination of useful lives of identifiable intangible assets acquired in business combinations. The accounting estimates used in the preparation of the consolidated financial statements may change as new
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events occur, as more experience is acquired, as additional information is obtained, and as the operating environment changes. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Revenue Recognition
We recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which we expect to be entitled in exchange for those goods. In order to achieve this, we use the five step model outlined in Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. This five step model requires us to identify the contract with the customer, identify the performance obligation(s) in the contract, determine the transaction price, allocate the transaction price to the performance obligation(s), and recognize revenue when (or as) we satisfy the performance obligation(s).
The vast majority of our contracts (as defined in FASB ASC Topic 606) are customer purchase orders that require us to transfer specified quantities of tangible products to our customers. These performance obligations are generally satisfied within a short period of time. Amounts billed to our customers for shipping and handling after control has transferred are recognized as revenue and the related costs that we incur are presented in cost of revenue.
In determining the transaction price, we evaluate whether the consideration promised in the contract includes a variable amount and, if applicable, we include in the transaction price some or all of an amount of variable consideration only to the extent it is probable that a significant reversal in the amount of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur when the uncertainty associated with the variable consideration is subsequently resolved. Variable consideration may be explicitly stated in the contract or implied based on our customary practices. Examples of variable consideration present in our contracts include rights of return, in the case of a defective or non-conforming product, and trade discounts, including early payment discounts and retrospective volume discounts. Such variable consideration has not historically been material in relation to our net revenue.
Our contract terms generally require the customer to make payment shortly (that is, less than one year) after the shipment date. In such instances, we do not consider the effects of a significant financing component in determining the transaction price. Lastly, we exclude from our determination of the transaction price value-added tax and other similar taxes.
Our performance obligations are satisfied, and revenue is recognized, when control of the product is transferred to the customer. The transfer of control generally occurs at the point in time the product is shipped from our warehouse or, less often, at the point in time it is received by the customer, depending on the specific terms of the arrangement. Many of our products are designed and engineered to meet customer specifications. These activities, and the testing of our products to determine compliance with those specifications, occur prior to any revenue being recognized. Products are then manufactured and sold to customers. However, in certain cases, pre-production activities are a performance obligation in a customer purchase order, and revenue is recognized when the performance obligation is satisfied. Customer arrangements do not involve post-installation or post-sale testing and acceptance.
Our standard terms of sale provide our customers with a warranty against faulty workmanship and the use of defective materials, which is not considered a distinct performance obligation in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 606. Depending on the product, we generally provide such warranties for a period of twelve to eighteen months after the date we ship the product to our customer or for a period of twelve months after the date the customer resells our product, whichever comes first. Our liability associated with this warranty is, at our option, to repair the product, replace the product, or provide the customer with a credit. We do not offer separately priced extended warranty or product maintenance contracts.
We also sell products to customers under negotiated agreements or where we have accepted the customer’s terms of purchase. In these instances, we may provide additional warranties for longer durations, consistent with differing end market practices, and where our liability is not limited. In addition, many sales take place in situations where commercial or civil codes, or other laws, would imply various warranties and restrict limitations on liability.
Refer to Note 3, "Revenue Recognition," for additional information related to the net revenue recognized in the consolidated statements of operations.
Share-Based Compensation
We measure at fair value any new or modified share-based compensation arrangements with employees, such as stock options and restricted securities, and recognize as compensation expense that fair value over the requisite service period in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 718, Compensation—Stock Compensation. Share-based compensation expense is generally recognized as a component of selling, general and administrative ("SG&A") expense, which is consistent with where the related employee costs are presented, however, such costs, or a portion thereof, may be capitalized provided certain criteria are met.
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Share-based awards may be subject to either cliff vesting (i.e., the entire award vests on a particular date) or graded vesting (i.e., portions of the award vest at different points in time). In accordance with FASB ASC Topic 718, compensation expense associated with share-based awards subject to cliff vesting must be recognized on a straight-line basis. For awards without performance conditions that are subject to graded vesting, companies have the option to recognize compensation expense either on a straight-line or accelerated basis. We have elected to recognize compensation expense for these awards on a straight-line basis. However, awards that are subject to both graded vesting and performance conditions must be expensed on an accelerated basis.
We estimate the fair value of options on the grant date using the Black-Scholes-Merton option-pricing model. Key inputs and assumptions used in this model are as follows:
The fair value of the underlying ordinary shares. This is determined as the closing price of our ordinary shares on the New York Stock Exchange (the "NYSE") on the grant date.
The expected term. This is determined based upon our own historical average term of exercised and outstanding options.
Expected volatility. We consider our own historical volatility as well as our implied volatility in estimating expected volatility for stock options. Implied volatility provides a forward-looking indication and may offer insight into expected volatility.
Risk-free interest rate. The risk-free interest rate is based on the yield for a U.S. Treasury security having a maturity similar to the expected term of the related option grant.
Expected dividend yield. The dividend yield of 0% is based on our history of having never declared or paid any dividends on our ordinary shares as well as our current intention not to declare dividends in the foreseeable future.
Restricted securities are valued using the closing price of our ordinary shares on the NYSE on the grant date. Certain of our restricted securities include performance conditions that require us to estimate the probable outcome of the performance condition. Compensation expense is recognized if it is probable that the performance condition will be achieved.
We elect to recognize share-based compensation expense net of estimated forfeitures as permitted by FASB ASC Topic 718. Accordingly, we only recognize compensation expense for those awards expected to vest over the requisite service period. Compensation expense recognized for each award ultimately reflects the number of units that actually vest.
Refer to Note 4, "Share-Based Payment Plans," for additional information related to share-based compensation.
Financial Instruments
Our material financial instruments include derivative instruments, debt instruments, equity investments, and trade accounts receivable.
Derivative financial instruments: We account for our derivative financial instruments in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures and FASB ASC Topic 815, Derivatives and Hedging. In accordance with FASB ASC Topic 815, we recognize all derivatives on the balance sheet at fair value. The fair value of our derivative financial instruments is determined using widely accepted valuation techniques, including discounted cash flow analysis on the expected cash flows of each instrument. These analyses utilize observable market-based inputs, including foreign currency exchange rates and commodity forward curves, and reflect the contractual terms of these instruments, including the period to maturity.
Derivative instruments that are designated and qualify as hedges of the exposure to changes in the fair value of an asset, liability, or commitment, and that are attributable to a particular risk, such as interest rate risk, are considered fair value hedges. Derivative instruments that are designated and qualify as hedges of the exposure to variability in expected future cash flows are considered cash flow hedges. Derivative instruments may also be designated as hedges of the foreign currency exposure of a net investment in a foreign operation. Currently, all of our derivative instruments that are designated as accounting hedges are cash flow hedges. We also hold derivative instruments that are not designated as accounting hedges.
The accounting for changes in the fair value of our cash flow hedges depends on whether we have elected to designate the derivative as a hedging instrument for accounting purposes and whether the hedging relationship has satisfied the criteria necessary to apply hedge accounting. In accordance with FASB ASC Topic 815, both the effective and ineffective portion of changes in the fair value of derivatives designated and qualifying as cash flow hedges is recognized in accumulated other comprehensive loss and is subsequently reclassified into earnings in the period in which the hedged forecasted transaction affects earnings. Changes in the fair value of derivative instruments that are not designated as accounting hedges are recognized
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immediately in other, net. Refer to Note 16, "Shareholders' Equity," and Note 19, "Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities," for additional information related to the reclassification of amounts from accumulated other comprehensive loss into earnings.
We present the cash flows arising from our derivative financial instruments in a manner consistent with the presentation of cash flows that relate to the underlying hedged items.
We incorporate credit valuation adjustments to appropriately reflect both our own non-performance risk and the respective counterparty’s non-performance risk in the fair value measurements. In adjusting the fair value of our derivative contracts for the effect of non-performance risk, we have considered the impact of netting and any applicable credit enhancements, such as collateral postings, thresholds, mutual puts, and guarantees. We do not offset the fair value amounts recognized for derivative instruments against fair value amounts recognized for the right to reclaim cash collateral or the obligation to return cash collateral.
We maintain derivative instruments with major financial institutions of investment grade credit rating and monitor the amount of credit exposure to any one issuer. We believe there are no significant concentrations of risk associated with our derivative instruments.
Refer to Note 19, "Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities," for additional information related to our derivative instruments.
Debt Instruments: A premium or discount on a debt instrument is recognized on the balance sheet as an adjustment to the carrying value of the debt liability. In general, amounts paid to creditors are considered a reduction in the proceeds received from the issuance of the debt and are accounted for as a component of the premium or discount on the issuance, not as an issuance cost.
Direct and incremental costs associated with the issuance of debt instruments such as legal fees, printing costs, and underwriters' fees, among others, paid to parties other than creditors, are also reported and presented as a reduction of debt on the consolidated balance sheets.
Debt issuance costs and premiums or discounts are amortized over the term of the respective financing arrangement using the effective interest method. Amortization of these amounts is included as a component of interest expense, net in the consolidated statements of operations.
In accounting for debt refinancing transactions, we apply the provisions of FASB ASC Subtopic 470-50, Modifications and Extinguishments. Our evaluation of the accounting under FASB ASC Subtopic 470-50 is done on a creditor by creditor basis in order to determine if the terms of the debt are substantially different and, as a result, whether to apply modification or extinguishment accounting. In the event that an individual holder of existing debt did not invest in new debt, we apply extinguishment accounting. Borrowings associated with individual holders of new debt that are not holders of existing debt are accounted for as new issuances.
Refer to Note 14, "Debt," for additional information related to our debt instruments and transactions.
Equity Investments: We measure equity investments (other than those accounted for under the equity method, those that result in consolidation of the investee, and certain other investments) either at fair value, with changes to fair value recognized in net income, or in certain instances, by use of a measurement alternative prescribed in FASB ASC Topic 321, Investments - Equity Securities. Under the measurement alternative, such investments are measured at cost, less any impairment, plus or minus changes resulting from observable price changes in orderly transactions for an identical or similar investment of the same issuer.
Refer to Note 18, "Fair Value Measures," for additional information related to our measurement of financial instruments, including equity investments.
Trade accounts receivable: Trade accounts receivable are recognized at invoiced amounts and do not bear interest. Trade accounts receivable are reduced by an allowance for losses on receivables. Concentrations of risk with respect to trade accounts receivable are generally limited due to the large number of customers in various industries and their dispersion across several geographic areas. Although we do not foresee that credit risk associated with these receivables will deviate from historical experience, repayment is dependent upon the financial stability of these individual customers. We estimate an allowance for credit losses on trade accounts receivable at an amount that represents our estimated expected credit losses over the lifetime of our receivables. Our contract terms generally require the customer to make payment shortly after (that is, less than one year) the shipment date. Our largest customer accounted for approximately 7% of our net revenue for the year ended December 31, 2020.
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Allowance for Losses on Receivables
The allowance for losses on receivables is used to present accounts receivable, net at an amount that represents our estimate of the related transaction price recognized as revenue in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 606. The allowance represents an estimate of expected credit losses over the lifetime of our receivables, even if the loss is considered remote, and reflects expected recoveries of amounts previously written-off. We estimate the allowance on the basis of specifically identified receivables that are evaluated individually for impairment and a statistical analysis of the remaining receivables determined by reference to past default experience. We consider the need to adjust historical information to reflect the extent to which we expect current conditions and reasonable forecasts to differ from the conditions that existed for the historical period considered. Customers are generally not required to provide collateral for purchases. The allowance for losses on receivables also includes an allowance for sales returns (variable consideration).
Management judgments are used to determine when to charge off uncollectible trade accounts receivable. We base these judgments on the age of the receivable, credit quality of the customer, current economic conditions, and other factors that may affect a customer’s ability and intent to pay.
Losses on receivables have not historically been significant.
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
Businesses acquired are recognized at their fair value on the date of acquisition, with the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed recognized as goodwill. Intangible assets acquired may include either definite-lived or indefinite-lived intangible assets, or both.
In accordance with the guidance in FASB ASC Topic 350, Intangibles—Goodwill and Other, goodwill and intangible assets determined to have an indefinite useful life are not amortized. Instead these assets are evaluated for impairment on an annual basis and whenever events or business conditions change that could indicate that the asset is impaired. We evaluate goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets for impairment in the fourth quarter of each fiscal year, unless events occur which trigger the need for an earlier impairment review.
Goodwill: Our reporting units have been identified based on the definitions and guidance provided in FASB ASC Topic 350. Identification of reporting units includes an analysis of the components that comprise each of our operating segments, which considers, among other things, the manner in which we operate our business and the availability of discrete financial information. Components of an operating segment are aggregated to form one reporting unit if the components have similar economic characteristics. We periodically review these reporting units to ensure that they continue to reflect the manner in which the business is operated.
Some assets and liabilities relate to the operations of multiple reporting units. We allocate these assets and liabilities to the related reporting units based on methods that we believe are reasonable and supportable. We apply that allocation method on a consistent basis from year to year. Other assets and liabilities, such as debt, cash and cash equivalents, and property, plant and equipment, net ("PP&E") associated with our corporate offices, are viewed as being corporate in nature. Accordingly, we do not assign these assets and liabilities to our reporting units.
In the event we reorganize our business, we reassign the assets (including goodwill) and liabilities among the affected reporting units using a reasonable and supportable methodology. As businesses are acquired, we assign assets acquired (including goodwill) and liabilities assumed to a new or existing reporting unit as of the date of the acquisition. In the event a disposal group meets the definition of a business, goodwill is allocated to the disposal group based on the relative fair value of the disposal group to the retained portion of the related reporting unit.
We have the option to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether a quantitative analysis must be performed. The objective of a qualitative analysis is to assess whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying value. We make this assessment based on macroeconomic conditions, industry and market considerations, cost factors, overall financial performance, and other relevant factors as applicable. If we elect not to use this option, or if we determine that it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying value, then we prepare a discounted cash flow analysis to determine whether the carrying value of reporting unit exceeds its estimated fair value. If the carrying value of a reporting unit exceeds its estimated fair value, we recognize an impairment of goodwill for the amount of this excess, in accordance with the guidance in FASB Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") No. 2017-04, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other (Topic 350), Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment, which we adopted as of January 1, 2020.
Indefinite-lived intangible assets: Similar to goodwill, we perform an annual impairment review of our indefinite-lived intangible assets in the fourth quarter of each fiscal year, unless events occur that trigger the need for an earlier impairment
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review. We have the option to first assess qualitative factors in determining whether it is more likely than not that an indefinite-lived intangible asset is impaired. If we elect not to use this option, or we determine that it is more likely than not that the asset is impaired, we perform a quantitative impairment analysis in which we estimate the fair value of the indefinite-lived intangible asset and compare that amount to its carrying value. In this analysis, we estimate the fair value by using the relief-from-royalty method, in which we make assumptions about future conditions impacting the fair value of our indefinite-lived intangible assets, including projected growth rates, cost of capital, effective tax rates, and royalty rates. Impairment, if any, is based on the excess of the carrying value over the fair value of these assets.
Definite-lived intangible assets: Acquisition-related definite-lived intangible assets are amortized on an economic-benefit basis according to the useful lives of the assets, or on a straight-line basis if a pattern of economic benefits cannot be reliably determined. Capitalized software and capitalized software licenses are presented on the consolidated balance sheets as intangible assets. Capitalized software licenses are amortized on a straight-line basis over the lesser of the term of the license or the estimated useful life of the software. Capitalized software is amortized on a straight-line basis over its estimated useful life.
Reviews are regularly performed to determine whether facts or circumstances exist that indicate that the carrying values of our definite-lived intangible assets are impaired. If we determine that such facts or circumstances exist, we estimate the recoverability of these assets by comparing the projected undiscounted net cash flows associated with these assets to their respective carrying values. If the sum of the projected undiscounted net cash flows is less than the carrying value of an asset, the impairment charge is measured as the excess of the carrying value over the fair value of that asset. We determine fair value by using the appropriate income approach valuation methodology, depending on the nature of the definite-lived intangible asset.
Refer to Note 11, "Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, Net," for additional information related to our goodwill and other intangible assets.
Income Taxes
We estimate our provision for (or benefit from) income taxes in each of the jurisdictions in which we operate. The provision for (or benefit from) income taxes includes both our current and deferred tax exposure. Our deferred tax exposure is measured using the asset and liability method, under which deferred income taxes are recognized to reflect the future tax consequences of differences between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their financial reporting amounts at each balance sheet date, based on enacted tax laws and statutory tax rates applicable to the periods in which the differences are expected to reverse or settle. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in statutory tax rates is recognized in the consolidated statements of operations as an adjustment to income tax expense in the period that includes the enactment date.
In measuring our deferred tax assets, we consider all available evidence, both positive and negative, to determine whether, based on the weight of that evidence, a valuation allowance is needed for all or some portion of the deferred tax assets. If it is determined that it is more likely than not that future tax benefits associated with a deferred tax asset will not be realized, a valuation allowance is provided. As a result, we maintain valuation allowances against the deferred tax assets in jurisdictions that have incurred losses in recent periods and in which it is more likely than not that such deferred tax assets will not be utilized in the foreseeable future.
In accordance with FASB ASC Topic 740, Income Taxes, we record uncertain tax positions on the basis of a two-step process. First, we determine whether it is more likely than not that the tax positions will be sustained based on the technical merits of the position. Second, for those tax positions that meet the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold, we recognize the largest amount of tax benefit that is greater than 50 percent likely to be realized upon ultimate settlement with the relevant tax authority. Significant judgment is required in evaluating whether our tax positions meet this two-step process. The more-likely-than-not recognition threshold must be met in each reporting period to support continued recognition of any tax benefits claimed, both in the current year, as well as any year which remains open for review by the relevant tax authority at the balance sheet date. Penalties and interest related to uncertain tax positions may be classified as either income taxes or another expense line item in the consolidated statements of operations. We classify interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions within the provision for/(benefit from) income taxes line of the consolidated statements of operations.
Refer to Note 7, "Income Taxes," for additional information related to our income taxes.
Pension and Other Post-Retirement Benefits
We sponsor various pension and other post-retirement benefit plans covering our current and former employees in several countries.
The funded status of pension and other post-retirement benefit plans, recognized on our consolidated balance sheets as an asset, current liability, or long-term liability, is measured as the difference between the fair value of plan assets and the benefit
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obligation at the measurement date. In general, the measurement date coincides with our fiscal year end, however, certain significant events, such as (1) plan amendments, (2) business combinations, (3) settlements or curtailments, or (4) plan mergers, may trigger the need for an interim measurement of both the plan assets and benefit obligations.
Benefit obligations represent the actuarial present value of all benefits attributed by the pension formula as of the measurement date to employee service rendered before that date. The value of benefit obligations takes into consideration various financial assumptions, including assumed discount rate and the rate of increase in healthcare costs, and demographic assumptions, including compensation rate increases, retirement patterns, employee turnover rates, and mortality rates. We review these assumptions annually.
Our review of demographic assumptions includes analyzing historical patterns and/or referencing industry standard tables, combined with our expectations around future compensation and staffing strategies. The difference between these assumptions and our actual experience results in the recognition of an actuarial gain or loss. Actuarial gains and losses are recorded directly to other comprehensive income or loss. If the total net actuarial gain or loss included in accumulated other comprehensive loss exceeds a threshold of 10% of the greater of the projected benefit obligation or the market related value of plan assets, it is subject to amortization and recorded as a component of net periodic benefit cost over the average remaining service lives of the employees participating in the pension or post-retirement benefit plan.
The discount rate reflects the current rate at which the pension and other post-retirement liabilities could be effectively settled, considering the timing of expected payments for plan participants. It is used to discount the estimated future obligations of the plans to the present value of the liability reflected in the financial statements. In estimating this rate in countries that have a market of high-quality, fixed-income investments, we consider rates of return on these investments included in various bond indices, adjusted to eliminate the effects of call provisions and differences in the timing and amounts of cash outflows related to the bonds. In other countries where a market of high-quality, fixed-income investments does not exist, we estimate the discount rate using government bond yields or long-term inflation rates.
The expected return on plan assets reflects the average rate of earnings expected on the funds invested to provide for the benefits included in the projected benefit obligation. To determine the expected return on plan assets, we use the fair value of plan assets and consider the historical returns earned by similarly invested assets, the rates of return expected on plan assets in the future, and our investment strategy and asset mix with respect to the plans’ funds.
Changes to benefit obligations may also be initiated by a settlement or curtailment. A settlement of a defined benefit obligation is an irrevocable transaction that relieves us (or the plan) of primary responsibility for the defined benefit obligation and eliminates significant risks related to the obligation and the assets used to effect the settlement. The settlement of all or more than a minor portion of the pension obligation constitutes an event that requires recognition of all or part of the net actuarial gains or losses deferred in accumulated other comprehensive loss. Our policy is to apply settlement accounting to the extent our year-to date settlements for a given plan exceed the sum of our forecasted full year service cost and interest cost for that particular plan.
A curtailment is an event that significantly reduces the expected years of service of active employees or eliminates for a significant number of employees the accrual of defined benefits for some or all of their future service. The curtailment accounting provisions are applied on a plan-by-plan basis. The total gain or loss resulting from a curtailment is the sum of two distinct elements: (1) prior service cost write-off and (2) curtailment gain or loss. Our policy is that a curtailment event represents one for which we expect a 10% (or greater) reduction in future years of service or an elimination of the accrual of defined benefits for some or all of the future services of 10% (or greater) of the plan's participants.
Contributions made to pension and other post-retirement benefit plans are presented as cash used in operations within the consolidated statements of cash flows.
We present the service cost component of net periodic benefit cost in the cost of revenue, research and development ("R&D"), and SG&A expense line items, and we present the non–service components of net periodic benefit cost in other, net.
Refer to Note 13, "Pension and Other Post-Retirement Benefits," for additional information related to our pension and other post-retirement benefit plans.
Inventories
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or estimated net realizable value. The cost of raw materials, work-in-process, and finished goods is determined based on a first-in, first-out basis and includes material, labor, and applicable manufacturing overhead. We conduct quarterly inventory reviews for salability and obsolescence, and inventory considered unlikely to be sold is adjusted to net realizable value.
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Refer to Note 9, "Inventories," for additional information related to our inventory balances.
Property, Plant and Equipment and Other Capitalized Costs
PP&E is stated at cost, and in the case of plant and equipment, is depreciated on a straight-line basis over its estimated economic useful life. The depreciable lives of plant and equipment are as follows:
Buildings and improvements
2 – 40 years
Machinery and equipment
2 – 15 years
Leasehold improvements are amortized using the straight-line method over the shorter of the remaining lease term or the estimated economic useful lives of the improvements. Amortization of leasehold improvements is included in depreciation expense.
Assets held under finance leases are recognized at the lower of the present value of the minimum lease payments or the fair value of the leased asset at the inception of the lease. Depreciation expense associated with finance leases is computed using the straight-line method over the shorter of the estimated useful lives of the assets or the period of the related lease, unless ownership is transferred by the end of the lease or there is a bargain purchase option, in which case the asset is depreciated, normally on a straight-line basis, over the useful life that would be assigned if the asset were owned.
Expenditures for maintenance and repairs are charged to expense as incurred, whereas major improvements that increase asset values and extend useful lives are capitalized.
Refer to Note 10, "Property, Plant and Equipment," for additional information related to our PP&E balances.
Leases
We enter into leases agreements for many of our facilities around the world. We occupy leased facilities with initial terms ranging up to 20 years. Our lease agreements frequently include options to renew for additional periods or to purchase the leased assets and generally require that we pay taxes, insurance, and maintenance costs.
Depending on the specific terms of the leases, our obligations are in two forms: finance leases and operating leases. For both forms of leases, we recognize a related lease liability and right-of-use asset on our consolidated balance sheets. Our lease liabilities are initially measured at the present value of the lease payments not yet paid, discounted using our incremental borrowing rate for a period that is comparable to the remaining lease term. We use our incremental borrowing rate, adjusted for collateralization, because the discount rate implicit in our leases are generally not readily determinable.
For finance leases, the consolidated statements of operations include separate recognition of interest on the lease liability and amortization of the right-of-use asset. For operating leases, the consolidated statements of operations include a single lease cost, calculated so that the cost of the lease is allocated over the lease term on a straight-line basis.
Cash flows from operating activities include (1) interest on finance lease liabilities and (2) payments arising from operating leases. Cash flows from financing activities include repayments of the principal portion of finance lease liabilities.
We also lease certain vehicles and equipment, which generally have a term of one year or less. We have elected to account for leases with a term of one year or less (short-term leases) using a method similar to the operating lease model under FASB ASC Topic 840, Leases (i.e. they are not recorded on the consolidated balance sheets) as permitted by FASB ASC Topic 842, Leases.
Refer to Note 17, "Leases," for additional information related to amounts recognized in the consolidated financial statements related to our leases.
Foreign Currency
We derive a significant portion of our net revenue from markets outside of the U.S. For financial reporting purposes, the functional currency of all of our subsidiaries is the USD because of the significant influence of the USD on our operations. In certain instances, we enter into transactions that are denominated in a currency other than the USD. At the date that such transaction is recognized, each asset, liability, revenue, expense, gain, or loss arising from the transaction is measured and recorded in USD using the exchange rate in effect at that date. At each balance sheet date, recorded monetary balances denominated in a currency other than USD are adjusted to USD using the exchange rate at the balance sheet date, with gains or losses recognized in other, net in the consolidated statements of operations.
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Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash comprises cash on hand. Cash equivalents are short-term, highly liquid investments that are readily convertible to known amounts of cash, are subject to an insignificant risk of change in value, and have original maturities of three months or less.
Recently issued accounting standards adopted in the current period:
In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-04, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other (Topic 350), Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment in order to simplify the subsequent measurement of goodwill. This guidance changes the method by which an impairment of goodwill is calculated. Under the previous guidance, goodwill impairment was calculated in two steps. In Step 1, an entity would assess whether an impairment had occurred, either qualitatively or by comparing the estimated fair values of our reporting units to their respective carrying values, including goodwill. If the results of Step 1 indicated an impairment had occurred, Step 2 would be performed, in which the implied value of goodwill of the reporting unit would be calculated and an impairment would be recognized for the difference between the implied value of goodwill and the recorded amount of goodwill. Under FASB ASU No. 2017-04, while Step 1 of this process has not changed, Step 2 as described above has been eliminated, and impairment charges are recorded for the amount by which the carrying value of the reporting unit exceeds its estimated fair value. FASB ASU No. 2017-04 was effective for annual and interim goodwill impairment tests in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019. We adopted FASB ASU No. 2017-04 as of January 1, 2020. This adoption did not have an impact on our financial statements as none of our reporting units were determined to have carrying values in excess of fair values during the year ended December 31, 2020.
Recently issued accounting standards to be adopted in a future period:
There are no recently issued accounting standards to be adopted in future periods that are expected to have a material impact on our consolidated financial position or results of operations.
3. Revenue Recognition
We recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which we expect to be entitled in exchange for those goods. The vast majority of our revenue is derived from the sale of tangible products whereby control of the product transfers to the customer at a point in time, we recognize revenue at a point in time, and the underlying contract is a purchase order that establishes a firm purchase commitment for a short period of time. Our standard terms of sale provide our customers with a warranty against faulty workmanship and the use of defective materials. We do not offer separately priced extended warranty or product maintenance contracts. Refer to Note 2, "Significant Accounting Policies," for additional information.
We have elected to apply certain practical expedients that allow for more limited disclosures than those that would otherwise be required by FASB ASC Topic 606, including (1) the disclosure of transaction price allocated to the remaining unsatisfied performance obligations at the end of the period and (2) an explanation of when we expect to recognize the related revenue.
We believe that our end markets are the categories that best depict how the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows are affected by economic factors. The following table presents net revenue disaggregated by segment and end market for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018:
Performance Sensing Sensing Solutions Total
For the year ended December 31, For the year ended December 31, For the year ended December 31,
2020 2019 2018 2020 2019 2018 2020 2019 2018
Net revenue:
Automotive $ 1,715,749  $ 1,986,537  $ 2,076,834  $ 35,621  $ 42,446  $ 49,961  $ 1,751,370  $ 2,028,983  $ 2,126,795 
HVOR (1)
508,061  559,479  550,817  —  —  —  508,061  559,479  550,817 
Industrial —  —  —  336,506  351,942  336,617  336,506  351,942  336,617 
Appliance and HVAC (2)
—  —  —  189,782  201,745  208,482  189,782  201,745  208,482 
Aerospace —  —  —  136,167  176,505  164,294  136,167  176,505  164,294 
Other —  —  —  123,692  131,977  134,622  123,692  131,977  134,622 
Net revenue $ 2,223,810  $ 2,546,016  $ 2,627,651  $ 821,768  $ 904,615  $ 893,976  $ 3,045,578  $ 3,450,631  $ 3,521,627 
__________________________________________
(1)    Heavy vehicle and off-road
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(2)    Heating, ventilation and air conditioning
In addition, refer to Note 20, "Segment Reporting," for a presentation of net revenue disaggregated by product category and geographic region.
Contract Assets and Liabilities
Accounts receivable represent our only contract asset. Contract liabilities, whereby we receive payment from customers related to our promise to satisfy performance obligations in the future, are not material.
4. Share-Based Payment Plans
We issue share-based compensation awards under the Sensata Technologies Holding plc First Amended and Restated 2010 Equity Incentive Plan (the "2010 Equity Incentive Plan"). The purpose of the 2010 Equity Incentive Plan is to promote long-term growth and profitability by providing our present and future eligible directors, officers, and employees with incentives to contribute to, and participate in, our success. There are 10.0 million ordinary shares authorized for grants of awards under the 2010 Equity Incentive Plan, of which 1.8 million were available as of December 31, 2020.
Refer to Note 2, "Significant Accounting Policies," for additional information related to our to share-based compensation accounting policies.
Share-Based Compensation Awards
We grant option, restricted stock unit ("RSU"), and performance-based restricted stock unit ("PRSU") awards under the 2010 Equity Incentive Plan. For option and RSU awards, vesting is typically subject only to service conditions. For PRSU awards, vesting is also subject to service conditions, however the number of awarded units that ultimately vest also depends on the attainment of certain predefined performance criteria. Our awards include continued vesting provisions for retirement eligible employees. Throughout this Annual Report on Form 10-K, RSU and PRSU awards are often referred to collectively as "restricted securities."
Options
A summary of stock option activity for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018 is presented in the table below (amounts have been calculated based on unrounded shares):
Number of Options (thousands) Weighted-Average
Exercise Price Per Option
Weighted-Average
Remaining
Contractual Term
(years)
Aggregate
Intrinsic Value
Balance as of December 31, 2017 3,606  $ 37.69  6.0 $ 50,130 
Granted 307  $ 51.83 
Forfeited or expired (39) $ 45.59 
Exercised (172) $ 35.31  $ 3,143 
Balance as of December 31, 2018 3,702  $ 38.89  5.3 $ 27,846 
Granted 382  $ 46.92 
Forfeited or expired (83) $ 48.92 
Exercised (537) $ 28.21  $ 11,690 
Balance as of December 31, 2019 3,464  $ 41.19  5.0 $ 44,696 
Forfeited or expired (155) $ 48.30 
Exercised (452) $ 34.22  $ 5,117 
Balance as of December 31, 2020 2,857  $ 41.90  4.4 $ 31,955 
Options vested and exercisable as of December 31, 2020 2,445  $ 40.92  3.8 $ 29,896 
Vested and expected to vest as of December 31, 2020 2,831  $ 41.85  4.3 $ 31,829 
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A summary of the status of our unvested options as of December 31, 2020, and of the changes during the year then ended, is presented in the table below (amounts have been calculated based on unrounded shares):
  Number of Options (thousands) Weighted-Average Grant-Date Fair Value
Balance as of December 31, 2019 818  $ 14.33 
Vested during the year (333) $ 13.17 
Forfeited during the year (73) $ 14.58 
Balance as of December 31, 2020 412  $ 15.22 
The fair value of stock options that vested during the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018 was $4.4 million, $7.8 million, and $5.5 million, respectively.
Option awards granted to employees under the 2010 Equity Incentive Plan generally vest 25% per year over four years from the grant date. We recognize compensation expense for options on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period, which is generally the same as the vesting period. The options generally expire ten years from the date of grant.
For options granted prior to April 2019, except as otherwise provided in specific option award agreements, if a participant ceases to be employed by us, options not yet vested generally expire and are forfeited at the termination date, and options that are fully vested generally expire 60 days after termination of the participant’s employment. Exclusions to the general policy for terminated employees include termination for cause (in which case the options expire on the participant’s termination date) and termination due to death or disability (in which case any unvested options shall immediately vest and expire six months after the participant’s termination date).
For options granted in or after April 2019, the same terms apply, except that fully vested options expire 90 days after termination of the participant's employment for any reason other than termination for cause (in which case the options expire on the participant's termination date), termination due to due to death or disability (in which case the options expire one year after the participant's termination date), and termination for a qualified retirement (in which case options will continue to vest and expire ten years from the grant date).
We did not grant any options in the year ended December 31, 2020. The weighted-average grant-date fair value per option granted during the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 was $13.90 and $15.70, respectively. The fair value of options was estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes-Merton option-pricing model. The weighted-average key assumptions used in estimating the grant-date fair value of options for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 were as follows:
  For the year ended December 31,
2019 2018
Expected dividend yield 0.00  % 0.00  %
Expected volatility 25.00  % 25.00  %
Risk-free interest rate 2.35  % 2.62  %
Expected term (years) 6.0 6.0
Fair value per share of underlying ordinary shares $ 46.92  $ 51.83 
Restricted Securities
We grant RSU awards that cliff vest between one year and three years from the grant date, and we grant PRSU awards that cliff vest three years after the grant date. For PRSU awards, the number of units that ultimately vest depends on the extent to which certain performance criteria are met, as described in the table below. For restricted securities granted in or after April 2019, terms include provisions allowing continued or accelerated vesting for a qualified retirement. Beginning in April 2020, we began granting RSUs that vest ratably over three years, one-third per year beginning on the first anniversary of the grant date. These RSUs will fully vest on various dates between April 2023 and December 2023.
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A summary of restricted securities granted in the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018 is presented below:
Percentage Range of Units That May Vest (1)
0.0% to 150.0%
0.0% to 172.5%
(Awards in thousands) RSU Awards Granted Weighted-Average
Grant-Date
Fair Value
PRSU Awards Granted Weighted-Average
Grant-Date
Fair Value
PRSU Awards Granted Weighted-Average
Grant-Date
Fair Value
2020 806  $ 29.06  —  $ —  401  $ 28.22 
2019 298  $ 47.73  76  $ 46.92  138  $ 46.92 
2018 218  $ 51.05  63  $ 51.83  118  $ 51.83 
__________________________________________
(1)    Represents the percentage range of PRSU award units granted that may vest according to the terms of the awards. The amounts presented within this table do not reflect our current assessment of the probable outcome of vesting based on the achievement or expected achievement of performance conditions.
Compensation expense for the year ended December 31, 2020 reflects our estimate of the probable outcome of the performance conditions associated with the PRSU awards granted in the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018.
A summary of activity related to outstanding restricted securities for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018 is presented in the table below (amounts have been calculated based on unrounded shares):
Restricted Securities (thousands) Weighted-Average
Grant-Date
Fair Value
Balance as of December 31, 2017 1,081  $ 44.43 
Granted 399  $ 51.40 
Forfeited (121) $ 48.28 
Vested (240) $ 53.01 
Balance as of December 31, 2018 1,119  $ 44.66 
Granted (1)
555  $ 46.73 
Forfeited (115) $ 47.07 
Vested (454) $ 39.62 
Balance as of December 31, 2019 1,105  $ 47.51 
Granted 1,207  $ 28.78 
Forfeited (284) $ 37.89 
Vested (349) $ 43.54 
Balance as of December 31, 2020 1,679  $ 36.49 
__________________________________________
(1)    Includes 43 thousand PRSU awards granted due to greater than 100% vesting.
Aggregate intrinsic value information for restricted securities as of December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018 is presented below:
As of December 31,
2020 2019 2018
Outstanding $ 88,534  $ 59,526  $ 50,161 
Expected to vest $ 58,675  $ 34,717  $ 44,203 
The weighted-average remaining periods over which the restrictions will lapse as of December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018 are as follows:
As of December 31,
2020 2019 2018
Outstanding 1.1 1.1 1.2
Expected to vest 1.1 1.0 1.2
The expected to vest restricted securities are calculated based on the application of a forfeiture rate assumption to all outstanding restricted securities as well as our assessment of the probability of meeting the required performance conditions that pertain to the PRSU awards.
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Share-Based Compensation Expense
The table below presents non-cash compensation expense related to our equity awards, which is recognized within SG&A expense in the consolidated statements of operations, during the identified periods:
  For the year ended December 31,
2020 2019 2018
Stock options $ 2,868  $ 6,552  $ 5,739 
Restricted securities 16,257  12,205  18,086 
Share-based compensation expense $ 19,125  $ 18,757  $ 23,825 
In the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018, we recognized $2.5 million, $3.2 million, and $3.0 million, respectively, of income tax benefit associated with share-based compensation expense.
The table below presents unrecognized compensation expense at December 31, 2020 for each class of award, and the remaining expected term for this expense to be recognized:
Unrecognized
Compensation Expense
Expected
Recognition (years)
Options $ 5,280  1.0
Restricted securities 21,943  1.7
Total unrecognized compensation expense $ 27,223 
5. Restructuring and Other Charges, Net
On June 30, 2020, in response to the potential long-term impact of the global financial and health crisis caused by the coronavirus ("COVID-19") pandemic on our business, we committed to a plan to reorganize our business (the “Q2 2020 Global Restructure Program”). The Q2 2020 Global Restructure Program, consisting of voluntary and involuntary reductions-in-force and certain site closures, was commenced in order to align our cost structure to the demand levels that we anticipated in the coming quarters. We have taken a large portion of the actions contemplated under the Q2 2020 Global Restructure Program, with the majority expected to be completed on or before June 30, 2021.
The reductions-in-force, which are subject to the laws and regulations of the countries in which the actions are planned, are expected to impact approximately 880 positions. Over the life of the Q2 2020 Global Restructure Program, we expect to incur restructuring charges of between $31.0 million and $33.7 million related to reductions-in-force and between $8.0 million and $10.0 million related to site closures. We expect to settle these charges with cash on hand. We expect these restructuring charges to impact our business segments and corporate functions as follows:
Reductions-in-Force Site Closures
(Dollars in millions) Positions Minimum Maximum Minimum Maximum
Performance Sensing 180  $ 10.7  $ 11.6  $ 3.0  $ 4.0 
Sensing Solutions 286  8.9  9.6  5.0  6.0 
Corporate and other 414  11.4  12.5  —  — 
Total 880  $ 31.0  $ 33.7  $ 8.0  $ 10.0 
Charges recognized in the year ended December 31, 2020 resulting from the Q2 2020 Global Restructure Program are presented by segment below. Approximately $0.6 million of these charges relate to site closures in Sensing Solutions.
For the year ended
December 31, 2020
Performance Sensing $ 9,073 
Sensing Solutions 6,445 
Corporate and other 8,940 
Q2 2020 Global Restructure Program, net $ 24,458 
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Restructuring and other charges, net for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018 were as follows:
For the year ended December 31,
2020 2019 2018
Q2 2020 Global Restructure Program, net $ 24,458  $ —  $ — 
Other restructuring charges
Severance costs, net (1)
3,042  29,240  7,566 
Facility and other exit costs 1,323  808  877 
Gain on sale of Valves Business (2)
—  —  (64,423)
Other (3)
4,271  23,512  8,162 
Restructuring and other charges, net $ 33,094  $ 53,560  $ (47,818)
__________________________________________
(1)    For each of the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018, these charges include termination benefits provided in connection with workforce reductions of manufacturing, engineering, and administrative positions, including the elimination of certain positions related to site consolidations, net of reversals. For the year ended December 31, 2020, these charges related to termination benefits arising from the shutdown and relocation of operating sites in Northern Ireland and Belgium. For the year ended December 31, 2019, these charges included approximately $12.7 million of benefits provided under a voluntary retirement incentive program offered to a limited number of eligible employees in the U.S., and $6.5 million of termination benefits provided under a one-time benefit arrangement related to the shutdown and relocation of an operating site in Germany.
(2)    In the year ended December 31, 2018, we completed the sale of the capital stock of Schrader Bridgeport International, Inc. and August France Holding Company SAS (collectively, the "Valves Business"). The gain on this sale was recorded in restructuring and other charges, net.
(3)    Represents charges that are not included in one of the other classifications. In the year ended December 31, 2020, we settled intellectual property litigation brought against Schrader by Wasica Finance GmbH ("Wasica") and released $11.7 million of the related liability. This release largely offset a charge of $12.1 million resulting from a prejudgment interest-related award granted by the court on behalf of Wasica in the three months ended June 30, 2020. Refer to Note 15, "Commitments and Contingencies," for additional information related to this matter. In the year ended December 31, 2019, we recognized a $17.8 million loss related to the termination of a supply agreement in connection with the Metal Seal Precision, Ltd. ("Metal Seal") litigation. In the year ended December 31, 2018, we incurred $5.9 million of incremental direct costs in order to transact the sale of the Valves Business. For each of the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018, we recorded expense related to the deferred compensation arrangement that we entered into in connection with the acquisition of GIGAVAC, LLC ("GIGAVAC") in the year ended December 31, 2018.
The following table presents a rollforward of the severance portion of our restructuring obligations for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019.
Q2 Plan Other Total
Balance as of December 31, 2018 $ —  $ 6,591  $ 6,591 
Charges, net of reversals —  29,240  29,240 
Payments —  (21,095) (21,095)
Foreign currency remeasurement —  43  43 
Balance as of December 31, 2019 —  14,779  14,779 
Charges, net of reversals 23,824  3,042  26,866 
Payments (13,853) (13,969) (27,822)
Foreign currency remeasurement 871  185  1,056 
Balance as of December 31, 2020 $ 10,842  $ 4,037  $ 14,879 
The severance liability as of December 31, 2020 and 2019 was entirely recorded in accrued expenses and other current liabilities on our consolidated balance sheets. Refer to Note 12, "Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities."
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6. Other, Net
Other, net consisted of the following for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018:
  For the year ended December 31,
  2020 2019 2018
Currency remeasurement gain/(loss) on net monetary assets (1)
$ 10,833  $ (6,802) $ (18,905)
(Loss)/gain on foreign currency forward contracts (2)
(6,762) 2,225  2,070 
Gain/(loss) on commodity forward contracts (2)
10,027  4,888  (8,481)
Loss on debt financing (3)
—  (4,364) (2,350)
Net periodic benefit cost, excluding service cost (4)
(9,980) (3,186) (3,585)
Other (4,457) (669) 886 
Other, net $ (339) $ (7,908) $ (30,365)
__________________________________________
(1)    Relates to the remeasurement of non-USD denominated net monetary assets and liabilities into USD. Refer to the Foreign Currency section of Note 2, "Significant Accounting Policies," for additional information.
(2)    Relates to changes in the fair value of derivative financial instruments not designated as cash flow hedges. Refer to Note 19, "Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities," for additional information related to gains and losses on our commodity and foreign currency exchange forward contracts.
(3)    Refer to Note 14, "Debt," for additional information related to our debt financing transactions.
(4)    Refer to Note 13, "Pension and Other Post-Retirement Benefits," for additional information on net periodic benefit cost included in other, net.
7. Income Taxes
Effective April 27, 2006 (inception), and concurrent with the completion of the acquisition of the Sensors & Controls business ("S&C") of Texas Instruments Incorporated ("TI") (the "2006 Acquisition"), we commenced filing tax returns in the Netherlands as a stand-alone entity. On March 28, 2018, the Company reincorporated its headquarters in the U.K. We file income tax returns in the countries in which our subsidiaries are incorporated and/or operate, including Belgium, Bulgaria, China, France, Germany, Japan, Malaysia, Mexico, the Netherlands, South Korea, the U.S., and the U.K. The 2006 Acquisition purchase accounting and the related debt and equity capitalization of the various subsidiaries of the consolidated company, and the realignment of the functions performed and risks assumed by the various subsidiaries, are of significant consequence to the determination of future book and taxable income of the respective subsidiaries and Sensata as a whole.
Refer to Note 2, "Significant Accounting Policies," for detailed discussion of the accounting policies related to income taxes.
Income before taxes
Income before taxes for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018 was categorized by jurisdiction as follows:
U.S.
Non-U.S.
Total
2020 $ (80,856) $ 246,497  $ 165,641 
2019 $ 13,183  $ 377,240  $ 390,423 
2018 $ 68,027  $ 458,348  $ 526,375 
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Provision for/(benefit from) income taxes
Provision for/(benefit from) income taxes for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018 was categorized by jurisdiction as follows:
U.S. Federal
Non-U.S.
U.S. State
Total
2020
Current $ (2,624) $ 48,572  $ 307  $ 46,255 
Deferred (14,776) (34,252) 4,128  (44,900)
Total $ (17,400) $ 14,320  $ 4,435  $ 1,355 
2019
Current $ 5,643  $ 73,947  $ 496  $ 80,086 
Deferred 9,687  17,339  597  27,623 
Total $ 15,330  $ 91,286  $ 1,093  $ 107,709 
2018
Current $ 5,700  $ 64,666  $ 1,082  $ 71,448 
Deferred (109,663) (18,770) (15,635) (144,068)
Total $ (103,963) $ 45,896  $ (14,553) $ (72,620)
Effective tax rate reconciliation
The principal reconciling items from income tax computed at the U.S. statutory tax rate for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018 were as follows:
  For the year ended December 31,
2020 2019 2018
Tax computed at statutory rate of 21% $ 34,785  $ 81,989  $ 110,539 
Intangible property transfers (54,188) —  — 
Foreign tax rate differential (21,994) (19,107) (41,200)
Valuation allowances 8,869  19,640  (123,426)
Withholding taxes not creditable 12,198  9,509  8,734 
Change in tax laws or rates 11,229  5,121  (22,264)
Research and development incentives (7,408) (8,410) (19,475)
U.S. state taxes, net of federal benefit
3,504  863  (11,499)
Unrealized foreign currency exchange losses/(gains), net 2,650  (43) 11,346 
Reserve for tax exposure (171) 20,079  10,775 
Nontaxable items and other 11,881  (1,932) 3,850 
Provision for/(benefit from) income taxes $ 1,355  $ 107,709  $ (72,620)
Intangible property transfers
The decrease in our effective tax rate for the year ended December 31, 2020, was primarily due to a $54.2 million net income tax benefit in the fourth quarter of 2020 related to intangible property transfers.
Foreign tax rate differential
We operate in locations outside the U.S., including Belgium, Bermuda, Bulgaria, China, Malaysia, the Netherlands, South Korea, and the U.K., that historically have had statutory tax rates different than the U.S. statutory tax rate. This can result in a foreign tax rate differential that may reflect a tax benefit or detriment. This foreign tax rate differential can change from year to year based upon the jurisdictional mix of earnings and changes in current and future enacted tax rates.
Our subsidiary in Changzhou, China is currently eligible for a reduced tax rate of 15%, which is effective through 2021. The impact on current tax expense of the tax holidays and exemptions is included in the foreign tax rate differential line in the reconciliation of the statutory tax rate to effective rate. The remeasurement of the deferred tax assets and liabilities is included in the change in tax laws or rates line.
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Valuation allowance impact on tax expense
During the year ended December 31, 2018, we released a substantial portion of our valuation allowance against our deferred tax assets in the U.S. We continue to maintain a valuation allowance against certain of our interest, goodwill tax basis, foreign tax, and state tax credit carryforwards.
Withholding taxes not creditable
Withholding taxes may apply to intercompany interest, royalty, management fees, and certain payments to third parties. Such taxes are deducted if they cannot be credited against the recipient’s tax liability in its country of residence. Additional consideration has been given to the withholding taxes associated with unremitted earnings and the recipient's ability to obtain a tax credit for such taxes. Earnings are not considered to be indefinitely reinvested in the jurisdictions in which they were earned. In certain jurisdictions we recognize a deferred tax liability on withholding and other taxes on intercompany payments including dividends.
Research and development incentives
Certain income of our U.K. subsidiaries is eligible for lower tax rates under the "patent box" regime, resulting in certain of our intellectual property income being taxed at a rate lower than the U.K. statutory tax rate. Certain R&D expenses are eligible for a bonus deduction under China’s R&D super deduction regime. In fiscal year 2018, we substantially completed an assessment of our ability to claim an R&D credit in the U.S. As a result of this assessment, we recognized a tax benefit of $10.0 million.
Deferred income tax assets and liabilities
The primary components of deferred income tax assets and liabilities as of December 31, 2020 and 2019 were as follows:
As of December 31,
2020 2019
Deferred tax assets:
Net operating loss, interest expense, and other carryforwards $ 342,689  $ 283,094 
Prepaid and accrued expenses 67,221  67,143 
Intangible assets and goodwill 110,382  20,457 
Pension liability and other 14,241  7,158 
Property, plant and equipment 13,789  14,749 
Share-based compensation 9,609  10,288 
Inventories and related reserves 9,329  16,712 
Unrealized exchange loss 3,182  1,959 
Total deferred tax assets 570,442  421,560 
Valuation allowance (202,101) (146,775)
Net deferred tax asset 368,341  274,785 
Deferred tax liabilities:
Intangible assets and goodwill (480,082) (440,009)
Tax on undistributed earnings of subsidiaries (35,254) (31,636)
Operating lease right of use assets (11,324) (12,522)
Property, plant and equipment (16,110) (13,762)
Unrealized exchange gain (643) (6,739)
Total deferred tax liabilities (543,413) (504,668)
Net deferred tax liability $ (175,072) $ (229,883)
Valuation allowance and net operating loss carryforwards
We recognize deferred tax assets to the extent that we believe these assets are more likely than not to be realized. In measuring our deferred tax assets, we consider all available evidence, both positive and negative, to determine whether, based on the weight of that evidence, a valuation allowance is needed for all or some portion of the deferred tax assets. Significant judgment is required in considering the relative impact of the negative and positive evidence, and weight given to each category of evidence is commensurate with the extent to which it can be objectively verified. The more negative evidence that exists, the more positive evidence is necessary, and the more difficult it is to support a conclusion that a valuation allowance is not needed. Additionally, we utilize the "more likely than not" criteria established in FASB ASC Topic 740 to determine whether the future
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tax benefit from the deferred tax assets should be recognized. As a result, we have established valuation allowances on the deferred tax assets in jurisdictions that have incurred net operating losses and in which it is more likely than not that such losses will not be utilized in the foreseeable future.
As of each reporting date, we consider new evidence, both positive and negative, that could impact our view with regard to future realization of deferred tax assets. Our interest expense carryforwards in certain jurisdictions are subject to limitations. We consider these limitations in our assessment of positive and negative evidence. Our assessment of these limitations has resulted in the conclusion that a portion of our interest carryforwards are subject to a valuation allowance.
For tax purposes, certain goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets are generally amortizable over 6 to 20 years. For book purposes, goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets are not amortized, but are tested for impairment annually. The tax amortization of goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets will result in a taxable temporary difference, which will not reverse unless the related book goodwill or indefinite-lived intangible asset is impaired or written off. This liability may not be used to support deductible temporary differences, such as net operating loss carryforwards, which may expire within a definite period.
The total valuation allowance increased $55.3 million in the year ended December 31, 2020 and decreased $10.3 million in the year ended December 31, 2019. In connection with our 2020 intangible property transfer, we recorded a valuation allowance of $43.2 million. Subsequently reported tax benefits relating to the valuation allowance for deferred tax assets as of December 31, 2020 will be allocated to income tax benefit recognized in the consolidated statements of operations.
As of December 31, 2020, we have U.S. federal net operating loss carryforwards of $801.1 million, of which $446.6 million will expire from 2028 to 2037, and $354.5 million do not expire. We have state net operating loss carryforwards with limited and unlimited lives. Our limited life state net operating losses will expire beginning in 2021. As of December 31, 2020, we have suspended interest expense carryforwards of $339.1 million, which have an unlimited life. We also have net operating loss carryforwards in foreign jurisdictions of $239.7 million, which will begin to expire in 2021.
Unrecognized tax benefits
A reconciliation of the amount of unrecognized tax benefits is as follows:
For the year ended December 31,
2020 2019 2018
Balance at beginning of year $ 117,591  $ 89,609  $ 59,884 
Increases related to current year tax positions 46,329  17,378  15,676 
Increases related to prior year tax positions 43,082  15,356  14,609 
Increases related to business combinations —  450  1,000 
Decreases related to settlements with tax authorities (5,183) (3,515) — 
Decreases related to prior year tax positions (1,294) (1,773) (1,144)
Decreases related to lapse of applicable statute of limitations (452) (87) — 
Changes related to foreign currency exchange rate 1,337  173  (416)
Balance at end of year $ 201,410  $ 117,591  $ 89,609 
We recognize interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in the consolidated statements of operations and the consolidated balance sheets. The table that follows presents the expense/(income) related to such interest and penalties recognized in the consolidated statements of operations during the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018, and the amount of interest and penalties recorded on the consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2020 and 2019:
Statements of Operations Balance Sheets
For the year ended December 31, As of December 31,
(In millions) 2020 2019 2018 2020 2019
Interest $ 0.4  $ 0.9  $ (0.2) $ 1.7  $ 1.3 
Penalties $ 0.2  $ (0.1) $ (0.2) $ 0.4  $ 0.3 
At December 31, 2020, we anticipate that the liability for unrecognized tax benefits could decrease by up to $56.8 million within the next twelve months due to the expiration of certain statutes of limitation or the settlement of examinations or issues with tax authorities. The amount of unrecognized tax benefits as of December 31, 2020 that if recognized would impact our effective tax rate is $109.2 million.
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Our major tax jurisdictions include Belgium, Bulgaria, China, France, Germany, Japan, Malaysia, Mexico, the Netherlands, South Korea, the U.K., and the U.S. These jurisdictions generally remain open to examination by the relevant tax authority for the tax years 2006 through 2020.
Indemnifications
We have various indemnification provisions in place with parties including TI, Honeywell, William Blair, Tomkins Limited, and Custom Sensors & Technologies Ltd. These provisions provide for the reimbursement of future tax liabilities paid by us that relate to the pre-acquisition periods of the acquired businesses including S&C, First Technology Automotive and Special Products, Airpax Holdings, Inc., August Cayman Company, Inc. ("Schrader"), CST, and GIGAVAC.
8. Net Income per Share
Basic and diluted net income per share are calculated by dividing net income by the number of basic and diluted weighted-average ordinary shares outstanding during the period. For the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018, the weighted-average ordinary shares outstanding used to calculate basic and diluted net income per share were as follows:
For the year ended December 31,
(In thousands) 2020 2019 2018
Basic weighted-average ordinary shares outstanding 157,373  160,946  168,570 
Dilutive effect of stock options 275  600  822 
Dilutive effect of unvested restricted securities 486  422  467 
Diluted weighted-average ordinary shares outstanding 158,134  161,968  169,859 
Net income and net income per share are presented in the consolidated statements of operations.
Certain potential ordinary shares were excluded from our calculation of diluted weighted-average ordinary shares outstanding because either they would have had an anti-dilutive effect on net income per share or they related to equity awards that were contingently issuable for which the contingency had not been satisfied. Refer to Note 4, "Share-Based Payment Plans," for additional information related to our equity awards. These potential ordinary shares are as follows:
For the year ended December 31,
(In thousands) 2020 2019 2018
Anti-dilutive shares excluded 1,575  1,170  930 
Contingently issuable shares excluded 995  641  687 
9. Inventories
The components of inventories as of December 31, 2020 and 2019 were as follows:
As of December 31,
2020 2019
Finished goods $ 170,488  $ 197,531 
Work-in-process 87,006  104,007 
Raw materials 193,511  205,140 
Inventories $ 451,005  $ 506,678 
Refer to Note 2, "Significant Accounting Policies," for a discussion of our accounting policies related to inventories.
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10. Property, Plant and Equipment, Net
PP&E, net as of December 31, 2020 and 2019 consisted of the following:
As of December 31,
2020 2019
Land $ 17,880  $ 17,880 
Buildings and improvements 273,899  266,864 
Machinery and equipment 1,428,793  1,367,293 
Total property, plant and equipment 1,720,572  1,652,037 
Accumulated depreciation (916,747) (821,039)
Property, plant and equipment, net $ 803,825  $ 830,998 
Depreciation expense for PP&E, including amortization of leasehold improvements and depreciation of assets under finance leases, totaled $125.7 million, $115.9 million, and $106.0 million for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018, respectively.
PP&E, net as of December 31, 2020 and 2019 included the following assets under finance leases:
As of December 31,
2020 2019
Assets under finance leases in property, plant and equipment $ 49,714  $ 49,714 
Accumulated depreciation (26,107) (24,316)
Assets under finance leases in property, plant and equipment, net $ 23,607  $ 25,398 
Refer to Note 2, "Significant Accounting Policies," for a discussion of our accounting policies related to PP&E, net.
11. Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, Net
The following table outlines the changes in net goodwill by segment for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019.
  Performance Sensing Sensing Solutions Total
Balance as of December 31, 2018 $ 2,155,633  $ 925,669  $ 3,081,302 
GIGAVAC acquisition 16,387  (16,564) (177)
Other acquisition —  12,473  12,473 
Balance as of December 31, 2019 2,172,020  921,578  3,093,598 
Other acquisition 17,751  —  17,751 
Balance as of December 31, 2020 $ 2,189,771  $ 921,578  $ 3,111,349 
At each of December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018, accumulated goodwill impairment was $0.0 million related to Performance Sensing and $18.5 million related to Sensing Solutions.
Goodwill attributed to acquisitions reflects our allocation of purchase price to the estimated fair value of certain assets acquired and liabilities assumed, and has been included in our segments based on a methodology using anticipated future earnings of the components of business.
We own the Klixon® and Airpax® tradenames, which are indefinite-lived intangible assets as they have each been in continuous use for over 65 years and we have no plans to discontinue using either of them. We have recorded $59.1 million and $9.4 million, respectively, on the consolidated balance sheets related to these tradenames. In addition, in the year ended December 31, 2020, we recognized indefinite-lived intangible assets of $6.9 million related to in-process research & development acquired in a fiscal year 2020 business combination transaction.
We evaluated our goodwill and other indefinite-lived intangible assets for impairment as of October 1, 2020 using a combination of the quantitative and qualitative methods. Under the qualitative method, we assess whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying value based on various factors, including macroeconomic conditions, industry and market considerations, cost factors, and overall financial performance, and other relevant factors as applicable. If the results of the qualitative analysis indicate that it is not more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying value, no further analysis is prepared. Otherwise, we perform a quantitative analysis under which a discounted cash flow analysis is prepared to determine whether the fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying value.
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Based on these analyses, we have determined that as of October 1, 2020 the fair value of each of our reporting units and indefinite-lived intangible assets exceeded their carrying values.
We consider a combination of quantitative and qualitative factors to determine whether a reporting unit is at risk of failing Step 1 of the goodwill impairment test, including: the timing of our most recent quantitative impairment tests and the relative amount by which a reporting unit’s fair value exceeded its then carrying value, the inputs and assumptions underlying our valuation models and the sensitivity of our fair value measurements to those inputs and assumptions, the impact that adverse economic or market conditions may have on the degree of uncertainty inherent in our long-term operating forecasts, and changes in the carrying value of a reporting unit’s net assets from the time of our most recent goodwill impairment test. Based on the results of this analysis, we do not consider any of our reporting units to be at risk of failing Step 1 of the goodwill impairment test.
The following tables outline the components of definite-lived intangible assets as of December 31, 2020 and 2019:
  As of December 31, 2020
Weighted-
Average
Life (years)
Gross
Carrying
Amount
Accumulated
Amortization
Accumulated
Impairment
Net
Carrying
Value
Completed technologies 14 $ 781,508  $ (578,178) $ (2,430) $ 200,900 
Customer relationships 11 1,858,998  (1,501,960) (12,144) 344,894 
Tradenames 21 66,654  (19,816) —  46,838 
Capitalized software and other(1)
7 69,227  (45,680) —  23,547 
Total 12 $ 2,776,387  $ (2,145,634) $ (14,574) $ 616,179 
  As of December 31, 2019
Weighted-
Average
Life (years)
Gross
Carrying
Amount
Accumulated
Amortization
Accumulated
Impairment
Net
Carrying
Value
Completed technologies 14 $ 770,608  $ (529,926) $ (2,430) $ 238,252 
Customer relationships 11 1,827,998  (1,430,515) (12,144) 385,339 
Non-compete agreements 8 23,400  (23,400) —  — 
Tradenames 21 66,654  (16,598) —  50,056 
Capitalized software and other(1)
7 67,784  (38,997) —  28,787 
Total 12 $ 2,756,444  $ (2,039,436) $ (14,574) $ 702,434 
__________________________________________
(1)    During the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, we wrote-off approximately $0.1 million and $0.3 million, respectively, of fully-amortized capitalized software that was not in use.
The following table outlines amortization of definite-lived intangible assets for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018:
For the year ended December 31,
2020 2019 2018
Acquisition-related definite-lived intangible assets $ 122,915  $ 136,087  $ 132,235 
Capitalized software 6,634  6,799  7,091 
Amortization of intangible assets $ 129,549  $ 142,886  $ 139,326 
The table below presents estimated amortization of definite-lived intangible assets for each of the next five years:
For the year ended December 31,
2021 $ 117,489 
2022 $ 104,101 
2023 $ 90,208 
2024 $ 73,544 
2025 $ 45,629 
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12. Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities as of December 31, 2020 and 2019 consisted of the following:
As of December 31,
2020 2019
Accrued compensation and benefits $ 85,140  $ 52,394 
Accrued interest 53,630  42,803 
Foreign currency and commodity forward contracts 19,627  1,925 
Accrued severance 14,879  14,779 
Current portion of operating lease liabilities 11,389  11,543 
Current portion of pension and post-retirement benefit obligations 3,498  3,220 
Other accrued expenses and current liabilities 136,667  88,962 
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities $ 324,830  $ 215,626 
13. Pension and Other Post-Retirement Benefits
We provide various pension and other post-retirement plans for current and former employees, including defined benefit, defined contribution, and retiree healthcare benefit plans. Refer to Note 2, "Significant Accounting Policies," for a detailed discussion of the accounting policies related to our pension and other post-retirement benefit plans.
U.S. Benefit Plans
The principal retirement plans in the U.S. include a qualified defined benefit pension plan and a defined contribution plan. In addition, we provide post-retirement medical coverage and non-qualified benefits to certain employees.
Defined Benefit Pension Plans
The benefits under the qualified defined benefit pension plan are determined using a formula based upon years of service and the highest five consecutive years of compensation.
TI closed the qualified defined benefit pension plan to participants hired after November 1997. In addition, participants eligible to retire under the TI plan as of April 26, 2006 were given the option of continuing to participate in the qualified defined benefit pension plan or retiring under the qualified defined benefit pension plan and thereafter participating in an enhanced defined contribution plan.
We intend to contribute amounts to the qualified defined benefit pension plan in order to meet the minimum funding requirements of federal laws and regulations, plus such additional amounts as we deem appropriate. During the year ended December 31, 2020, we did not contribute to the qualified defined benefit plan. We expect to contribute to the qualified defined benefit pension plan in fiscal year 2021.
We also sponsor a non-qualified defined benefit pension plan, which is closed to new participants and is unfunded.
Effective January 31, 2012, we froze the defined benefit pension plans and eliminated future benefit accruals.
Defined Contribution Plans
We have one defined contribution plan for U.S. employees, which provides for an employer matching contribution of up to 4% of the employee's annual eligible earnings. The aggregate expense related to the defined contribution plan was $4.3 million, $5.5 million, and $5.7 million for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018, respectively.
Retiree Healthcare Benefit Plan
We offer access to group medical coverage during retirement to some of our U.S. employees. We make contributions toward the cost of those retiree medical benefits for certain retirees. The contribution rates are based upon varying factors, the most important of which are an employee’s date of hire, date of retirement, years of service, and eligibility for Medicare benefits. The balance of the cost is borne by the participants in the plan. For the year ended December 31, 2020, we did not and do not expect to, receive any amount of Medicare Part D Federal subsidy. Our projected benefit obligation as of December 31, 2020 and 2019 did not include an assumption for a Federal subsidy.
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Non-U.S. Benefit Plans
Retirement coverage for non-U.S. employees is provided through separate defined benefit and defined contribution plans. Retirement benefits are generally based on an employee’s years of service and compensation. Funding requirements are determined on an individual country and plan basis and are subject to local country practices and market circumstances. We do not expect to contribute to the non-U.S. defined benefit plans during 2021.
Impact on Financial Statements
The components of net periodic benefit cost/(credit) associated with our defined benefit and retiree healthcare plans for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018 were as follows:
  For the year ended December 31,
  2020 2019 2018
  U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans
  Defined Benefit Retiree Healthcare Defined Benefit Defined Benefit Retiree Healthcare Defined Benefit Defined Benefit Retiree Healthcare Defined Benefit
Service cost
$ —  $ 10  $ 3,522  $ —  $ $ 2,836  $ —  $ 50  $ 3,122 
Interest cost 762  155  1,466  1,483  203  1,344  1,473  272  1,310 
Expected return on plan assets
(1,339) —  (712) (1,694) —  (702) (1,710) —  (929)
Amortization of net loss 1,184  16  1,204  946  —  766  1,080  407 
Amortization of net prior service (credit)/cost —  (1,029) —  (1,306) —  (1,728)
Loss on settlement 5,026  —  2,712  565  —  1,572  1,047  —  1,461 
Loss on curtailment —  530  —  —  —  —  —  —  891 
Net periodic benefit cost/(credit) $ 5,633  $ (318) $ 8,197  $ 1,300  $ (1,096) $ 5,825  $ 1,890  $ (1,401) $ 6,268 
The following table outlines the rollforward of the benefit obligation and plan assets for the defined benefit and retiree healthcare benefit plans for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019:
  For the year ended December 31,
  2020 2019
  U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans
  Defined Benefit Retiree Healthcare Defined Benefit Defined Benefit Retiree Healthcare Defined Benefit
Change in benefit obligation:
Beginning balance $ 45,548  $ 5,588  $ 74,172  $ 45,169  $ 6,017  $ 65,691 
Service cost —  10  3,522  —  2,836 
Interest cost 762  155  1,466  1,483  203  1,344 
Plan participants’ contributions —  696  35  —  474  31 
Actuarial loss/(gain) 7,526  (1,213) 13,006  1,711  (92) 9,344 
Curtailment loss —  530  —  —  —  — 
Benefits paid (17,568) (719) (8,507) (2,815) (1,021) (5,235)
Foreign currency remeasurement —  —  4,618  —  —  161 
Ending balance $ 36,268  $ 5,047  $ 88,312  $ 45,548  $ 5,588  $ 74,172 
Change in plan assets:
Beginning balance $ 44,870  $ —  $ 43,906  $ 39,875  $ —  $ 39,868 
Actual return on plan assets 2,333  —  2,071  4,484  —  4,125 
Employer contributions 19  23  7,714  3,326  547  4,889 
Plan participants’ contributions —  696  35  —  474  31 
Benefits paid (17,568) (719) (8,507) (2,815) (1,021) (5,235)
Foreign currency remeasurement —  —  3,254  —  —  228 
Ending balance $ 29,654  $ —  $ 48,473  $ 44,870  $ —  $ 43,906 
Funded status at end of year $ (6,614) $ (5,047) $ (39,839) $ (678) $ (5,588) $ (30,266)
Accumulated benefit obligation at end of year $ 36,268  NA $ 77,886  $ 45,548  NA $ 65,633 
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The following table outlines the funded status amounts recognized in the consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2020 and 2019:
As of December 31,
  2020 2019
  U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans
  Defined Benefit Retiree Healthcare Defined Benefit Defined Benefit Retiree Healthcare Defined Benefit
Noncurrent assets $ —  $ —  $ —  $ 2,788  $ —  $ — 
Current liabilities (1,091) (586) (1,821) (952) (717) (1,551)
Noncurrent liabilities (5,523) (4,461) (38,018) (2,514) (4,871) (28,715)
Funded status $ (6,614) $ (5,047) $ (39,839) $ (678) $ (5,588) $ (30,266)
Balances recognized within accumulated other comprehensive loss that have not been recognized as components of net periodic benefit cost, net of tax, as of December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018 are as follows:
As of December 31,
  2020 2019 2018
  U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans
  Defined Benefit Retiree Healthcare Defined Benefit Defined Benefit Retiree Healthcare Defined Benefit Defined Benefit Retiree Healthcare Defined Benefit
Net prior service cost/(credit) $ —  $ 1,094  $ (20) $ —  $ 306  $ (16) $ —  $ (692) $ (10)
Net loss $ 19,026  $ (131) $ 22,833  $ 18,780  $ 809  $ 17,151  $ 20,759  $ 880  $ 14,425 
Information for plans with an accumulated benefit obligation in excess of plan assets as of December 31, 2020 and 2019 is as follows:
As of December 31,
  2020 2019
  U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans
Projected benefit obligation $ 36,268  $ 88,312  $ 3,465  $ 74,020 
Accumulated benefit obligation $ 36,268  $ 77,886  $ 3,465  $ 65,633 
Plan assets $ 29,654  $ 48,473  $ —  $ 43,754 
Information for plans with a projected benefit obligation in excess of plan assets as of December 31, 2020 and 2019 is as follows:
As of December 31,
  2020 2019
  U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans
Projected benefit obligation $ 41,315  $ 88,312  $ 9,053  $ 74,020 
Plan assets $ 29,654  $ 48,473  $ —  $ 43,754 
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Other changes in plan assets and benefit obligations, net of tax, recognized in other comprehensive income/(loss) for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018 are as follows:
  For the year ended December 31,
  2020 2019 2018
  U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans
  Defined Benefit Retiree Healthcare Defined Benefit Defined Benefit Retiree Healthcare Defined Benefit Defined Benefit Retiree Healthcare Defined Benefit
Net (gain)/loss $ 4,997  $ (928) $ 8,425  $ (824) $ (71) $ 4,365  $ 2,002  $ (124) $ 3,669 
Amortization of net loss
(906) (12) (839) (723) —  (539) (1,080) (5) (298)
Amortization of net prior service credit/(cost) —  562  (4) —  998  (6) —  1,728  (4)
Divestiture —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  (228)
Plan amendment —  —  —  —  —  —  —  (3,243) — 
Settlement effect (3,845) —  (1,904) (432) —  (1,100) (1,047) —  (1,023)
Curtailment effect —  226  —  —  —  —  —  —  30 
Total in other comprehensive (income)/loss $ 246  $ (152) $ 5,678  $ (1,979) $ 927  $ 2,720  $ (125) $ (1,644) $ 2,146 
Assumptions and Investment Policies
Weighted-average assumptions used to calculate the projected benefit obligations of our defined benefit and retiree healthcare benefit plans as of December 31, 2020 and 2019 are as follows:
As of December 31,
  2020 2019
  Defined Benefit Retiree Healthcare Defined Benefit Retiree Healthcare
U.S. assumed discount rate 1.65  % 1.80  % 2.60  % 2.80  %
Non-U.S. assumed discount rate 1.97  % NA 1.90  % NA
Non-U.S. average long-term pay progression 2.93  % NA 2.87  % NA
Weighted-average assumptions used to calculate the net periodic benefit cost of our defined benefit and retiree healthcare benefit plans for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018 are as follows:
  For the year ended December 31,
  2020 2019 2018
  Defined Benefit Retiree Healthcare Defined Benefit Retiree Healthcare Defined Benefit Retiree Healthcare
U.S. assumed discount rate 2.60  % 2.80  % 3.79  % 3.90  % 3.45  % 3.10  %
Non-U.S. assumed discount rate 5.53  % NA 5.76  % NA 5.87  % NA
U.S. average long-term rate of return on plan assets
4.29  % NA 4.53  % NA 4.57  % NA
Non-U.S. average long-term rate of return on plan assets
1.61  % NA 1.77  % NA 2.26  % NA
Non-U.S. average long-term pay progression 4.83  % NA 4.43  % NA 4.82  % NA
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Assumed healthcare cost trend rates for the U.S. retiree healthcare benefit plan as of December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018 are as follows:
  As of December 31,
  2020 2019 2018
Assumed healthcare trend rate for next year:
Attributed to less than age 65 6.00  % 6.30  % 6.60  %
Attributed to age 65 or greater 6.30  % 6.70  % 7.10  %
Ultimate trend rate 4.50  % 4.50  % 4.50  %
Year in which ultimate trend rate is reached:
Attributed to less than age 65 2038 2038 2038
Attributed to age 65 or greater 2038 2038 2038
The table below outlines the benefits expected to be paid to participants in each of the following years, taking into consideration expected future service, as appropriate. The majority of the payments will be paid from plan assets and not company assets.
Expected Benefit Payments
For the year ended December 31, U.S. Defined Benefit U.S. Retiree Healthcare Non-U.S. Defined Benefit
2021 $ 12,177  $ 586  $ 3,546 
2022 $ 3,378  $ 561  $ 3,809 
2023 $ 4,221  $ 487  $ 3,777 
2024 $ 2,548  $ 460  $ 3,766 
2025 $ 2,506  $ 415  $ 4,639 
2026 - 2030 $ 7,928  $ 1,463  $ 24,768 
Plan Assets
We hold assets for our defined benefit plans in the U.S., Japan, the Netherlands, and Belgium. Information about the assets for each of these plans is detailed below. Refer to Note 18, "Fair Value Measures," for additional information related to the levels of the fair value hierarchy in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 820.
U.S. Plan Assets
Our target asset allocation for the U.S. defined benefit plan is 83% fixed income and 17% equity securities. To arrive at the targeted asset allocation, we and our investment adviser reviewed market opportunities using historical data, as well as the actuarial valuation for the plan, to ensure that the levels of acceptable return and risk are well-defined and monitored.
The following table presents information about the plan’s target and actual asset allocation, as of December 31, 2020:
Target Allocation Actual Allocation as of December 31, 2020
U.S. large cap equity 7% 9%
U.S. small / mid cap equity 2% 2%
Globally managed volatility fund 3% 3%
International (non-U.S.) equity 4% 5%
Fixed income (U.S. investment grade) 68% 70%
High-yield fixed income 2% 2%
International (non-U.S.) fixed income 1% 1%
Money market funds 13% 9%
__________________________________________
The portfolio is monitored for automatic rebalancing on a monthly basis.
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The following table presents information about the plan assets measured at fair value as of December 31, 2020 and 2019:
As of December 31,
  2020 2019
U.S. large cap equity $ 2,548  $ 2,221 
U.S. small / mid cap equity 706  637 
Global managed volatility fund 826  849 
International (non-U.S.) equity 1,362  1,195 
Total equity mutual funds 5,442  4,902 
Fixed income (U.S. investment grade) 20,801  18,830 
High-yield fixed income 594  561 
International (non-U.S.) fixed income 277  264 
Total fixed income mutual funds 21,672  19,655 
Money market funds 2,540  20,313 
Total plan assets $ 29,654  $ 44,870 
All fair value measures presented above are categorized in Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy. Investments in mutual funds are based on the publicly-quoted final net asset values on the last business day of the year.
Permitted asset classes include U.S. and non-U.S. equity, U.S. and non-U.S. fixed income, cash, and cash equivalents. Fixed income includes both investment grade and non-investment grade. Permitted investment vehicles include mutual funds, individual securities, derivatives, and long-duration fixed income securities. While investments in individual securities, derivatives, long-duration fixed income securities, cash, and cash equivalents are permitted, the plan did not hold these types of investments as of December 31, 2020 and 2019.
Prohibited investments include direct investments in real estate, commodities, unregistered securities, uncovered options, currency exchange contracts, and natural resources (such as timber, oil, and gas).
Japan Plan Assets
The target asset allocation of the Japan defined benefit plan is 50% fixed income securities and 50% equity securities, cash, and cash equivalents, with allowance for a 40% deviation in either direction. We, along with the trustee of the plan's assets, minimize investment risk by thoroughly assessing potential investments based on indicators of historical returns and current credit ratings. Additionally, investments are diversified by type and geography.
The following table presents information about the plan’s target asset allocation, as well as the actual allocation, as of December 31, 2020:
Target Allocation Actual Allocation as of December 31, 2020
Fixed income securities, cash, and cash equivalents
10%-90%
72%
Equity securities
10%-90%
28%
The following table presents information about the plan assets measured at fair value as of December 31, 2020 and 2019:
As of December 31,
  2020 2019
U.S. equity $ 2,736  $ 2,413 
International (non-U.S.) equity 6,724  6,343 
Total equity securities 9,460  8,756 
U.S. fixed income 3,091  3,835 
International (non-U.S.) fixed income 11,142  9,716 
Total fixed income securities 14,233  13,551 
Cash and cash equivalents 9,793  9,726 
Total plan assets $ 33,486  $ 32,033 
All fair value measures presented above are categorized in Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy, with the exception of U.S. fixed income securities of $0.3 million of December 31, 2020 and 2019, which are categorized as Level 2. The fair values of equity and fixed income securities are based on publicly-quoted closing stock and bond values on the last business day of the year.
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Permitted asset classes include equity securities that are traded on the official stock exchange(s) of the respective countries, fixed income securities with certain credit ratings, cash, and cash equivalents.
The Netherlands Plan Assets
The assets of the Netherlands defined benefit plan are insurance policies. The contributions we make to the plan are used to purchase insurance policies that provide for specific benefit payments to plan participants. The benefit formula is determined independently by us. Upon retirement of an individual plan participant, the insurance contracts purchased are converted to provide specific benefits for the participant. The contributions paid by us are commingled with contributions paid to the insurance provider by other employers for investment purposes and to reduce plan administration costs. However, this defined benefit plan is not considered a multi-employer plan.
The following table presents information about the plan assets measured at fair value as of December 31, 2020 and 2019:
As of December 31,
  2020 2019
Insurance policies $ 12,905  $ 10,472 
All fair value measures presented above are categorized in Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy. The following table presents a rollforward of these assets for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019:
  Insurance Policies
Balance as of December 31, 2018 $ 8,897 
Actual return on plan assets still held at reporting date 1,821 
Purchases, sales, settlements, and exchange rate changes (246)
Balance as of December 31, 2019 10,472 
Actual return on plan assets still held at reporting date 1,373 
Purchases, sales, settlements, and exchange rate changes 1,060 
Balance as of December 31, 2020 $ 12,905 
The fair values of the insurance contracts are measured based on the future benefit payments that would be made by the insurance company to vested plan participants if we were to switch to another insurance company without actually surrendering our policy. In this case, the insurance company would guarantee to pay the vested benefits at retirement accrued under the plan based on current salaries and service to date (i.e., with no allowance for future salary increases or pension increases). The cash flows of the future benefit payments are discounted using the same discount rate that is applied to value the related defined benefit plan liability.
Belgium Plan Assets
The assets of the Belgium defined benefit plan are insurance policies. As of December 31, 2020 and 2019 the fair values of these assets were $1.5 million and $1.3 million, respectively. These fair value measurements are categorized in Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy.
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14. Debt
Our long-term debt and finance lease and other financing obligations as of December 31, 2020 and 2019 consisted of the following:
As of December 31,
Maturity Date 2020 2019
Term Loan September 20, 2026 $ 456,096  $ 460,725 
4.875% Senior Notes
October 15, 2023 500,000  500,000 
5.625% Senior Notes
November 1, 2024 400,000  400,000 
5.0% Senior Notes
October 1, 2025 700,000  700,000 
6.25% Senior Notes(1)
February 15, 2026 750,000  750,000 
4.375% Senior Notes
February 15, 2030 450,000  450,000 
3.75% Senior Notes
February 15, 2031 750,000  — 
Less: debt discount (9,605) (11,758)
Less: deferred financing costs (28,114) (24,452)
Less: current portion (754,630) (4,630)
Long-term debt, net $ 3,213,747  $ 3,219,885 
Finance lease and other financing obligations $ 30,506  $ 31,098 
Less: current portion (2,575) (2,288)
Finance lease and other financing obligations, less current portion $ 27,931  $ 28,810 
___________________________
(1)    On February 3, 2021, we announced that we intended to redeem in full the $750.0 million aggregate principal amount outstanding on our 6.25% Senior Notes due 2026 in March 2021. As a result, these notes have been classified as current on our consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2020.
There were no outstanding borrowings on our $420.0 million revolving credit facility (the "Revolving Credit Facility") as of December 31, 2020 and 2019.
Secured Credit Facility
The credit agreement governing our secured credit facility (as amended, the "Credit Agreement") provides for senior secured credit facilities (the "Senior Secured Credit Facilities") consisting of a term loan facility (the "Term Loan"), the Revolving Credit Facility, and incremental availability under which additional secured credit facilities could be issued under certain circumstances.
Term Loan
The principal amount of the Term Loan amortizes in equal quarterly installments in an aggregate annual amount equal to 1.0% of the aggregate principal amount of the Term Loan upon completion of the tenth amendment of the Credit Agreement entered into on September 20, 2019 (the "Tenth Amendment,") with the balance due at maturity.
In accordance with the terms of the Credit Agreement, the Term Loan may, at our option, be maintained from time to time as a Base Rate loan or a Eurodollar Rate loan (each as defined in the Credit Agreement), with each representing a different determination of interest rates. The interest rate margins for the Term Loan are fixed at, and as of December 31, 2020 were, 0.75% and 1.75% for Base Rate loans and Eurodollar Rate loans, respectively, subject to floors of 1.00% and 0.00% for Base Rate loans and Eurodollar Rate loans, respectively. As of December 31, 2020, we maintained the Term Loan as a Eurodollar Rate loan, which accrued interest at 1.90%.
Revolving Credit Facility
In accordance with the terms of the Credit Agreement, borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility may, at our option, be maintained from time to time as Base Rate loans, Eurodollar Rate loans, or EURIBOR loans (each as defined in the Credit Agreement), with each representing a different determination of interest rates. The interest rate margins and letter of credit fees under the Revolving Credit Facility are as follows (each depending on our senior secured net leverage ratio): (i) the interest rate margin for Base Rate loans range from 0.00% to 0.50%; (ii) the interest rate margin for Eurodollar Rate and EURIBOR loans range from 1.00% to 1.50%; and (iii) the letter of credit fees range from 0.875% to 1.375%.
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We are required to pay to our revolving credit lenders, on a quarterly basis, a commitment fee on the unused portion of the Revolving Credit Facility. The commitment fee ranges from 0.125% to 0.250%, depending on our senior secured net leverage ratios.
As of December 31, 2020, there was $416.1 million available under the Revolving Credit Facility, net of $3.9 million of obligations in respect of outstanding letters of credit issued thereunder. Outstanding letters of credit are issued primarily for the benefit of certain operating activities. As of December 31, 2020, no amounts had been drawn against these outstanding letters of credit. Availability under the Revolving Credit Facility may be borrowed, repaid, and re-borrowed to fund our working capital needs and for other general corporate purposes.
Early redemption of the 6.25% Senior Notes
On February 3, 2021, we announced that we intended to redeem in full the $750.0 million aggregate principal amount outstanding on our 6.25% Senior Notes due 2026 in March 2021. On February 15, 2021, the “make-whole” premium with respect to the 6.25% Senior Notes will expire, and we will redeem the 6.25% Senior Notes in accordance with the terms of the 6.25% Senior Notes Indenture and the terms of the notice of redemption. We expect to redeem the 6.25% Senior Notes on March 5, 2021 at a redemption price equal to 103.125% of the aggregate principal amount of the outstanding 6.25% Senior Notes, plus accrued and unpaid interest to (but not including) the redemption date.
Fiscal year 2020 transactions
On April 1, 2020, in order to enhance our financial flexibility given the general uncertainty associated with the COVID-19 pandemic, we withdrew $400.0 million from the Revolving Credit Facility. On August 17, 2020, we repaid these borrowings using a portion of the proceeds from issuance of $750.0 million aggregate principal amount of 3.75% senior notes due 2031 (the "3.75% Senior Notes"), issued by our indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary, Sensata Technologies Inc. ("STI").
Fiscal year 2019 transactions
On March 27, 2019 certain indirect, wholly-owned subsidiaries of Sensata plc, including Sensata Technologies B.V. ("STBV"), entered into the ninth amendment (the "Ninth Amendment") of the Credit Agreement. Among other changes to the Credit Agreement, the Ninth Amendment (i) extended the maturity date of the Revolving Credit Facility to March 27, 2024; (ii) added pounds sterling as an available currency for revolving credit loans and letters of credit under the Revolving Credit Facility; (iii) lowered the interest rate margins related to the Revolving Credit Facility (depending on our senior secured net leverage ratio); (iv) lowered our letter of credit fees (depending on our senior secured net leverage ratio); (v) reduced our revolving credit commitment fees (depending on our senior secured net leverage ratio); and (vi) modified the senior secured net leverage ratio financial covenant to increase the Revolving Credit Facility utilization threshold above which such financial covenant is tested from 10% to 20% and eliminated the requirement that such ratio be tested (regardless of utilization) for purposes of satisfying the conditions to any borrowing or other utilization under the Revolving Credit Facility.
On June 13, 2019, our subsidiaries that were at the time borrowers under the Credit Agreement entered into an amendment to the Credit Agreement with the administrative agent to correct certain technical and immaterial errors in the Credit Agreement.
On September 20, 2019 certain of our subsidiaries, including STBV and STI, entered into the Tenth Amendment. Under the terms of the Tenth Amendment, among other changes to the Credit Agreement, (i) the final maturity date of the Term Loan was extended to September 20, 2026; (ii) STI became the sole borrower under the Credit Agreement and assumed substantially all of the obligations of STBV and Sensata Technologies Finance Company, LLC ("STFC") thereunder; (iii) STBV became a guarantor of STI’s obligations under the Credit Agreement, and STFC ceased to be a guarantor with respect to the Credit Agreement; (iv) certain subsidiaries of STBV that previously guaranteed STBV’s and/or STFC’s obligations under the Credit Agreement (the “Released Guarantors”) were released from their guarantees under the Credit Agreement, subject to the satisfaction of certain tests (the “Guarantees Release”); (v) the permission to incur incremental additional indebtedness under the Credit Agreement was increased; and (vi) certain of the operational and restrictive covenants and other terms and conditions of the Senior Secured Credit Facilities to which STBV and its restricted subsidiaries are subject were modified to provide us with increased flexibility and permissions thereunder (including permission, subject to no default or event of default, to make restricted payments (including dividends) in an amount equal to $50.0 million annually, which can be increased to an unlimited amount subject to compliance with a specified senior secured net leverage ratio).
All obligations under the Senior Secured Credit Facilities are unconditionally guaranteed by certain of our subsidiaries and secured by substantially all present and future property and assets of STBV and its guarantor subsidiaries.
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The Credit Agreement provides that, if our senior secured net leverage ratio exceeds a specified level, we are required to use a portion of our excess cash flow, as defined in the Credit Agreement, generated by operating, investing, or financing activities to prepay the outstanding borrowings under the Senior Secured Credit Facilities. The Credit Agreement also requires mandatory prepayments of the outstanding borrowings under the Senior Secured Credit Facilities upon certain asset dispositions and casualty events, in each case subject to certain reinvestment rights, and the incurrence of certain indebtedness (excluding any permitted indebtedness). These provisions were not triggered during the year ended December 31, 2020.
Senior Notes
We have various tranches of senior notes outstanding. Information regarding these senior notes (together, the "Senior Notes") is included in the following table. The Senior Notes were issued under indentures (the "Senior Notes Indentures") among the issuers listed in the table below, The Bank of New York Mellon, as trustee, and our guarantor subsidiaries named in the respective Senior Notes Indentures. Each of the Senior Notes were issued at par, with interest payable semi-annually on the dates shown in the table below.
4.875% Senior Notes 5.625% Senior Notes 5.000% Senior Notes
6.250% Senior Notes(1)
4.375% Senior Notes (2)
3.750% Senior Notes
Aggregate principal amount $ 500,000  $ 400,000  $ 700,000  $ 750,000  $ 450,000  $ 750,000 
Interest rate 4.875  % 5.625  % 5.000  % 6.250  % 4.375  % 3.750  %
Issuer STBV STBV STBV STUK STI STI
Issue date April 2013 October 2014 March 2015 November 2015 September 2019 August 2020
Interest due April 15 May 1 April 1 February 15 February 15 February 15
Interest due October 15 November 1 October 1 August 15 August 15 August 15
Maturity Date October 2023 November 2024 October 2025 February 2026 February 2030 February 2031
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(1)    The 6.25% Senior Notes were issued by our indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary, Sensata Technologies UK Financing Co. plc ("STUK") under an indenture dated as of November 27, 2015 (the "6.25% Senior Notes Indenture"). On February 3, 2021, we announced that we intended to redeem in full the $750.0 million aggregate principal amount outstanding on our 6.25% Senior Notes due 2026 in March 2021.
(2)    The proceeds of the issuance of the 4.375% Senior Notes were used to repay a portion of the Term Loan concurrent with the entry into the Tenth Amendment.    
Redemption
Except as described below with respect to the 3.75% Senior Notes and the 4.375% Senior Notes, at any time, and from time to time, we may optionally redeem the Senior Notes, in whole or in part, at a price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the notes redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, up to, but excluding, the date of redemption, plus a "make-whole" premium set forth in the relevant Senior Notes Indenture.
The "make-whole" premium will not be payable with respect to any such redemption of the 4.375% Senior Notes on or after November 15, 2029. The "make-whole" premium will not be payable with respect to any such redemption of the 3.75% Senior Notes on or after February 15, 2026; on or after such date, we may optionally redeem the 3.75% Senior Notes, in whole or in part, at the following prices (expressed as a percentage of principal amount), plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, up to but excluding the redemption date:
Period beginning February 15, Price
2026 101.875  %
2027 100.938  %
2028 and thereafter 100.000  %
Upon the occurrence of certain specific change in control events, we will be required to offer to repurchase the notes at 101% of their principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to, but excluding, the date of repurchase.
If changes in certain tax laws or treaties, or any change in the official application, administration, or interpretation thereof, of any relevant taxing jurisdiction become effective that would impose withholding taxes or other deductions on the payments of any of the Senior Notes or the guarantees thereof, we may, at our option, redeem the relevant Senior Notes in whole but not in part, at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount thereof, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to, but excluding, the redemption date, premium, if any, and all additional amounts (as described in the relevant Senior Notes Indenture), if any, then due and which will become due on the date of redemption.
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Guarantees
The obligations of the issuers of the Senior Notes are guaranteed by STBV and all of its subsidiaries (excluding the company that is the issuer of the relevant Senior Notes) that guarantee the obligations of STI under the Credit Agreement (after giving effect to the Guarantees Release pursuant to the Tenth Amendment). The Released Guarantors are not guarantors of the 3.75% Senior Notes or the 4.375% Senior Notes, and upon consummation of the Tenth Amendment, the guarantees of the Released Guarantors with respect to the other Senior Notes were released.
Events of Default
The Senior Notes Indentures provide for events of default that include, among others, nonpayment of principal or interest when due, breach of covenants or other provisions in the relevant Senior Notes Indenture, defaults in payment of certain other indebtedness, certain events of bankruptcy or insolvency, failure to pay certain judgments, and the cessation of the full force and effect of the guarantees of significant subsidiaries. Generally, if an event of default occurs, the trustee or the holders of at least 25% in principal amount of the then outstanding Senior Notes issued under the relevant Senior Notes Indenture may declare the principal of, and accrued but unpaid interest on, all of the relevant Senior Notes to be due and payable immediately. All provisions regarding remedies in an event of default are subject to the relevant Senior Notes Indenture.
Restrictions and Covenants
As of December 31, 2020, STBV and all of its subsidiaries were subject to certain restrictive covenants under the Credit Agreement and the Senior Notes Indentures. Under certain circumstances, STBV is permitted to designate a subsidiary as "unrestricted" for purposes of the Credit Agreement, in which case the restrictive covenants thereunder will not apply to that subsidiary; the Senior Notes Indentures do not contain such a permission. STBV has not designated any subsidiaries as unrestricted. The net assets of STBV subject to these restrictions totaled $2,726.2 million at December 31, 2020.
Credit Agreement
The Credit Agreement contains non-financial restrictive covenants (subject to important exceptions and qualifications set forth in the Credit Agreement) that limit our ability to, among other things:
incur indebtedness or liens, prepay subordinated debt, or amend the terms of our subordinated debt;
make loans and investments (including acquisitions) or sell assets;
change our business or accounting policies, merge, consolidate, dissolve or liquidate, or amend the terms of our organizational documents;
enter into affiliate transactions;
pay dividends and make other restricted payments; or
enter into certain burdensome contractual obligations.
In addition, under the Credit Agreement, STBV and its subsidiaries are required to maintain a senior secured net leverage ratio not to exceed 5.0:1.0 at the conclusion of certain periods when outstanding loans and letters of credit that are not cash collateralized for the full face amount thereof exceed 20% of the commitments under the Revolving Credit Facility.
Senior Notes Indentures
The Senior Notes Indentures contain restrictive covenants (subject to important exceptions and qualifications set forth in the Senior Notes Indentures) that limit the ability of STBV and its subsidiaries to, among other things:
incur liens;
incur or guarantee indebtedness without guaranteeing the Senior Notes;
engage in sale and leaseback transactions; or
effect mergers or consolidations, or sell, assign, convey, transfer, lease or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of the assets of STBV and its subsidiaries.
Certain of these covenants will be suspended if the Senior Notes are assigned an investment grade rating by Standard & Poor's Rating Services or Moody's Investors Service, Inc. and provided no default has occurred and is continuing at such time. The suspended covenants will be reinstated if the Senior Notes are no longer assigned an investment grade rating by either rating agency or an event of default has occurred and is continuing at such time. As of December 31, 2020, none of the Senior Notes were assigned an investment grade rating by either rating agency.
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Restrictions on Payment of Dividends
STBV's subsidiaries are generally not restricted in their ability to pay dividends or otherwise distribute funds to STBV, except for restrictions imposed under applicable corporate law.
STBV, however, is limited in its ability to pay dividends or otherwise make distributions to its immediate parent company and, ultimately, to Sensata plc, under the Credit Agreement. Specifically, the Credit Agreement prohibits STBV from paying dividends or making distributions to its parent companies except for purposes that include, but are not limited to, the following:
customary and reasonable operating expenses, legal and accounting fees and expenses, and overhead of such parent companies incurred in the ordinary course of business, provided that such amounts, in the aggregate, do not exceed $20.0 million in any fiscal year;
dividends and other distributions in an aggregate amount not to exceed $200.0 million plus certain amounts, including the retained portion of excess cash flow, but only insofar as no default or event of default exists and the senior secured net leverage ratio is less than 2.0:1.0 calculated on a pro forma basis;
so long as no default or an event of default exists, dividends and other distributions in an aggregate amount not to exceed $50.0 million in any calendar year (with the unused portion in any year being carried over to succeeding years) plus unlimited additional amounts but only insofar as the senior secured net leverage ratio is less than 2.5:1.0 calculated on a pro forma basis; and
other dividends and other distributions in an aggregate amount not to exceed $150.0 million, so long as no default or event of default exists.
The Senior Notes Indentures generally allow STBV to pay dividends and make other distributions to its parent companies.
Compliance with Financial and Non-Financial Covenants
We were in compliance with all of the financial and non–financial covenants and default provisions associated with our indebtedness as of December 31, 2020 and for the fiscal year then ended.
Accounting for Debt Financing Transactions
During the year ended December 31, 2020, in connection with the entry into the 3.75% Senior Notes, we incurred $8.4 million of related third-party costs, which are presented as a reduction of long-term debt on our consolidated balance sheets.
During the year ended December 31, 2019, in connection with the entry into the Ninth Amendment, we incurred $2.4 million of creditor fees and related third-party costs, which are presented as a reduction of long-term debt on our consolidated balance sheets.
During the year ended December 31, 2019, in connection with of the issuance of the 4.375% Senior Notes, the entry into the Tenth Amendment, and the subsequent partial repayment of the Term Loan, we recognized a loss of $4.4 million, presented in the other, net line of our consolidated statement of operations, as well as $5.0 million of deferred financing costs, which are presented as a reduction of long-term debt on our consolidated balance sheets.
During the year ended December 31, 2018, in connection with the Merger, we paid $5.8 million of creditor fees and related third-party costs in order to obtain consents to the transaction from our existing lenders. As a result, and based on application of the provisions in FASB ASC Subtopic 470-50, we recognized a $3.5 million adjustment to the carrying value of long-term debt, net and a $2.4 million loss in other, net.
Refer to Note 2, "Significant Accounting Policies," for additional information related to our accounting policies regarding debt financing transactions.
Finance Lease and Other Financing Obligations
Refer to Note 17, "Leases," for additional information related to our finance leases.
Debt Maturities
The aggregate principal amount of each tranche of our Senior Notes is due in full at its maturity date. The Term Loan must be repaid in full on or prior to its final maturity date. Loans made pursuant to the Revolving Credit Facility must be repaid in full at its maturity date and can be repaid prior to then at par. All letters of credit issued thereunder will terminate at the final maturity of the Revolving Credit Facility unless cash collateralized prior to such time.
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The following table presents the remaining mandatory principal repayments of long-term debt, excluding finance lease payments, other financing obligations, and discretionary repurchases of debt, in each of the years ended December 31, 2021 through 2025 and thereafter. On February 3, 2021, we announced that we intended to redeem in full the $750.0 million aggregate principal amount outstanding on our 6.25% Senior Notes due 2026 in March 2021. This redemption is reflected in fiscal year 2021 in the following table. In accordance with the terms of the 6.25% Senior Notes, redemption will be at 103.125% of aggregate principal amount outstanding, and will represent an additional cash outflow of approximately $23.4 million in fiscal year 2021, which is not presented below.
For the year ended December 31, Aggregate Maturities
2021 $ 754,630 
2022 4,630 
2023 504,630 
2024 404,630 
2025 704,630 
Thereafter 1,632,946 
Total long-term debt principal payments $ 4,006,096 
15. Commitments and Contingencies
Non-cancelable purchase agreements exist with various suppliers, primarily for services such as information technology support. The terms of these agreements are fixed and determinable. As of December 31, 2020, we had the following purchase commitments:
For the year ending December 31,
2021 $ 41,355 
2022 14,517 
2023 6,889 
2024 149 
2025 132 
Thereafter 196 
Total purchase commitments $ 63,238 
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
From time to time, we execute contracts that require us to indemnify the other parties to the contracts. These indemnification obligations generally arise in two contexts. First, in connection with certain transactions, such as the divestiture of a business or the issuance of debt or equity securities, the agreement typically contains standard provisions requiring us to indemnify the purchaser against breaches by us of representations and warranties contained in the agreement. These indemnities are generally subject to time and liability limitations. Second, we enter into agreements in the ordinary course of business, such as customer contracts, that might contain indemnification provisions relating to product quality, intellectual property infringement, governmental regulations and employment related matters, and other typical indemnities. In certain cases, indemnification obligations arise by law.
We believe that our indemnification obligations are consistent with other companies in the markets in which we compete. Performance under any of these indemnification obligations would generally be triggered by a breach of the terms of the contract or by a third-party claim. Historically, we have experienced only immaterial and irregular losses associated with these indemnifications. Consequently, any future liabilities brought about by these indemnifications cannot reasonably be estimated or accrued.
Indemnifications Provided As Part of Contracts and Agreements
We are party to the following types of agreements pursuant to which we may be obligated to indemnify a third party with respect to certain matters.
Officers and Directors: Our articles of association provide for indemnification of directors and officers by us to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, as it now exists or may hereinafter be amended (but, in the case of an amendment, only to the extent such amendment permits broader indemnification rights than permitted prior thereto), against any and all
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liabilities, including all expenses (including attorneys’ fees), judgments, fines, and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by him or her in connection with such action, suit, or proceeding, provided he or she acted in good faith and in a manner he or she reasonably believed to be in, or not opposed to, our best interests, and, with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, had no reasonable cause to believe his or her conduct was unlawful or outside of his or her mandate. The articles do not provide a limit to the maximum future payments, if any, under the indemnification. No indemnification is provided for in respect of any claim, issue, or matter as to which such person has been adjudged to be liable for gross negligence or willful misconduct in the performance of his or her duty on our behalf.
In addition, we have a liability insurance policy that insures directors and officers against the cost of defense, settlement, or payment of claims and judgments under some circumstances. Certain indemnification payments may not be covered under our directors’ and officers’ insurance coverage.
Initial Purchasers of Senior Notes: Pursuant to the terms of the purchase agreements entered into in connection with our private placement senior note offerings, we are obligated to indemnify the initial purchasers of the Senior Notes against certain liabilities caused by any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact in various documents relied upon by such initial purchasers, or to contribute to payments the initial purchasers may be required to make in respect thereof. The purchase agreements do not provide a limit to the maximum future payments, if any, under these indemnifications.
Intellectual Property and Product Liability Indemnification: We routinely sell products with a limited intellectual property and product liability indemnification included in the terms of sale. Historically, we have had only immaterial and irregular losses associated with these indemnifications. Consequently, any future liabilities resulting from these indemnifications cannot reasonably be estimated or accrued.
Product Warranty Liabilities
Refer to Revenue Recognition in Note 2, "Significant Accounting Policies," for additional information related to the warranties we provide to customers.
In the event a warranty claim based on defective materials exists, we may be able to recover some of the cost of the claim from the vendor from whom the materials were purchased. Our ability to recover some of the costs will depend on the terms and conditions to which we agreed when the materials were purchased. When a warranty claim is made, the only collateral available to us is the return of the inventory from the customer making the warranty claim. Historically, when customers make a warranty claim, we either replace the product or provide the customer with a credit. We generally do not rework the returned product.
Our policy is to accrue for warranty claims when a loss is both probable and estimable. This is accomplished by accruing for estimated returns and estimated costs to replace the product at the time the related revenue is recognized. Liabilities for warranty claims have historically not been material. In some instances, customers may make claims for costs they incurred or other damages related to a claim.
Environmental Remediation Liabilities
Our operations and facilities are subject to U.S. and non-U.S. laws and regulations governing the protection of the environment and our employees, including those governing air emissions, chemical usage, water discharges, the management and disposal of hazardous substances and wastes, and the cleanup of contaminated sites. We could incur substantial costs, including cleanup costs, fines, civil or criminal sanctions, or third-party property damage or personal injury claims, in the event of violations or liabilities under these laws and regulations, or non-compliance with the environmental permits required at our facilities. Potentially significant expenditures could be required in order to comply with environmental laws that may be adopted or imposed in the future. We are, however, not aware of any threatened or pending material environmental investigations, lawsuits, or claims involving us or our operations.
Legal Proceedings and Claims
We are regularly involved in a number of claims and litigation matters that arise in the ordinary course of business. Although it is not feasible to predict the outcome of these matters, based upon our experience and current information known to us, we do not expect the outcome of these matters, either individually or in the aggregate, to have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial position, and/or cash flows.
We account for litigation and claims losses in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 450, Contingencies. Under FASB ASC Topic 450, loss contingency provisions are recognized for probable and estimable losses at our best estimate of a loss or, when a best estimate cannot be made, at our estimate of the minimum loss. These estimates are often developed prior to knowing the
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amount of the ultimate loss, require the application of considerable judgment, and are refined each accounting period as additional information becomes known. Accordingly, we are often initially unable to develop a best estimate of loss and therefore the minimum amount, which could be an immaterial amount, is recognized. As information becomes known, either the minimum loss amount is increased, or a best estimate can be made, generally resulting in additional loss provisions. A best estimate amount may be changed to a lower amount when events result in an expectation of a more favorable outcome than previously expected.
Pending Litigation and Claims:
There are no material pending litigation and claims outstanding as of December 31, 2020.
Litigation and Claims resolved in the current year:
We were a defendant in a lawsuit, Wasica Finance Gmbh et al v. Schrader International Inc. et al, Case No. 13-1353-CPS, U.S.D.C., Delaware, in which the claimant alleged infringement of their patent (US 5,602,524) in connection with certain of our tire pressure monitoring system products. The patent in question has expired, and as a result, the claimant sought damages for past alleged infringement with interest and costs. The asserted patent was the U.S. counterpart of a German patent that had been previously asserted against Schrader. Schrader succeeded in proving that German patent to be invalid. On February 14, 2020, a jury found us liable for damages in the amount of $31.2 million. As a result, we recorded a loss of $29.2 million in the three months ended March 31, 2020 through cost of revenue. On July 6, 2020, the court awarded an additional $12.1 million for plaintiffs and against us for prejudgment interest-related damages, and as a result, in the three months ended June 30, 2020, we recorded a loss of $12.1 million through restructuring and other charges, net, to reflect the court's order. The parties executed and closed a Litigation Settlement & License Agreement on September 18, 2020 to settle the matter for $31.6 million. As a result of this settlement, in the three months ended September 30, 2020, we recognized a gain of $11.7 million, presented in restructuring and other charges, net. The lawsuit was formally dismissed by the District Court (D. Del) on September 22, 2020, and the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit on September 24, 2020.
16. Shareholders’ Equity
Treasury Shares
Ordinary shares repurchased by us are recognized, measured at cost, and presented as treasury shares on our consolidated balance sheets, resulting in a reduction of shareholders' equity.
In connection with the Merger, all then outstanding treasury shares were canceled in accordance with U.K. law. Accordingly, we (1) derecognized the total purchase price of these treasury shares, (2) recognized a reduction to ordinary shares at an amount equal to the total par value of such shares, and (3) recognized a reduction to retained earnings at an amount equal to the excess of the total repurchase price over the total par value of the then outstanding treasury shares, or $286.1 million.
From time to time, our Board of Directors has authorized various share repurchase programs, which may be modified or terminated by our Board of Directors at any time. Under these programs, we may repurchase ordinary shares at such times and in amounts to be determined by our management, based on market conditions, legal requirements, and other corporate considerations, on the open market or in privately negotiated transactions, provided that such transactions were completed pursuant to an agreement and with a third party approved by our shareholders at the annual general meeting. The authorized amount of our various share repurchase programs may be modified or terminated by our Board of Directors at any time. We currently have a $500.0 million share repurchase program authorized by our Board of Directors in July 2019 (the "July 2019 Program"). On April 2, 2020, we announced a temporary suspension of July 2019 Program, which will continue to remain on hold until market conditions show greater improvement and stability. As of December 31, 2020, approximately $302.3 million remained available under the July 2019 Program.
As a result of certain aspects of U.K. law, we discontinued the practice of reissuing treasury shares as part of our share-based compensation programs upon completion of the Merger. The number of treasury shares reissued prior to completion of the Merger was not material.
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Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
The components of accumulated other comprehensive loss were as follows:
Cash Flow Hedges Defined Benefit and Retiree Healthcare Plans Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
Balance as of December 31, 2017 $ (28,179) $ (34,985) $ (63,164)
Pre-tax current period change 49,817  (1,183) 48,634 
Tax effect (12,454) 806  (11,648)
Balance as of December 31, 2018 9,184  (35,362) (26,178)
Pre-tax current period change 9,816  (2,198) 7,618 
Tax effect (2,454) 530  (1,924)
Balance as of December 31, 2019 16,546  (37,030) (20,484)
Pre-tax current period change (31,114) (7,848) (38,962)
Tax effect 7,835  2,076  9,911 
Balance as of December 31, 2020 $ (6,733) $ (42,802) $ (49,535)
The details of the components of other comprehensive (loss)/income, net of tax, for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018 are as follows:
For the year ended December 31,
2020 2019 2018
Cash Flow Hedges Defined Benefit and Retiree Healthcare Plans Total Cash Flow Hedges Defined Benefit and Retiree Healthcare Plans Total Cash Flow Hedges Defined Benefit and Retiree Healthcare Plans Total
Other comprehensive (loss)/income before reclassifications $ (17,738) $ (12,494) $ (30,232) $ 28,795  $ (3,470) $ 25,325  $ 26,859  $ (2,120) $ 24,739 
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss (5,541) 6,722  1,181  (21,433) 1,802  (19,631) 10,504  1,743  12,247 
Other comprehensive (loss)/income $ (23,279) $ (5,772) $ (29,051) $ 7,362  $ (1,668) $ 5,694  $ 37,363  $ (377) $ 36,986 
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The details of the (gain)/loss reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018 are as follows:
Amount of (Gain)/Loss Reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
For the year ended December 31, Affected Line in Consolidated Statements of Operations
2020 2019 2018
Derivative instruments designated and qualifying as cash flow hedges:
Foreign currency forward contracts
$ (10,785) $ (26,180) $ 18,072 
Net revenue (1)
Foreign currency forward contracts
3,397  (2,397) (5,442)
Cost of revenue (1)
Foreign currency forward contracts
—  —  1,376 
Other, net (1)
Total, before taxes (7,388) (28,577) 14,006  Income before taxes
Income tax effect 1,847  7,144  (3,502) Provision for/(benefit from) income taxes
Total, net of taxes $ (5,541) $ (21,433) $ 10,504  Net income
Defined benefit and retiree healthcare plans $ 9,118  $ 2,552  $ 1,993 
Other, net (2)
Defined benefit and retiree healthcare plans —  —  228 
Restructuring and other charges, net (3)
Total, before taxes 9,118  2,552  2,221  Income before taxes
Income tax effect (2,396) (750) (478) Provision for/(benefit from) income taxes
Total, net of taxes $ 6,722  $ 1,802  $ 1,743  Net income
__________________________________________
(1)     Refer to Note 19, "Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities," for additional information related to amounts to be reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss in future periods.
(2)     Refer to Note 13, "Pension and Other Post-Retirement Benefits," for additional information related to net periodic benefit cost.
(3)    Amount represents an equity component of the Valves Business, which was sold in fiscal year 2018. Refer to Note 5, "Restructuring and Other Charges, Net."
17. Leases
The table below shows right-of-use asset and lease liability amounts and the financial statement line item in which those amounts are presented:
  December 31, 2020 December 31, 2019
Operating lease right-of-use assets:
Other assets
$ 49,980  $ 55,333 
Total operating lease right-of-use assets
$ 49,980  $ 55,333 
Operating lease liabilities:
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities $ 11,389  $ 11,543 
Other long-term liabilities 43,307  45,457 
Total operating lease liabilities
$ 54,696  $ 57,000 
Finance lease right-of-use assets:
Property, plant and equipment, at cost
$ 49,714  $ 49,714 
Accumulated depreciation
(26,107) (24,316)
Property, plant and equipment, net
$ 23,607  $ 25,398 
Finance lease liabilities:
Current portion of long-term debt, finance lease and other financing obligations $ 2,403  $ 1,974 
Finance lease and other financing obligations, less current portion 27,931  28,669 
Total finance lease liabilities $ 30,334  $ 30,643 
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The vast majority of our finance lease obligations are for facilities in Baoying, China and Attleboro, Massachusetts. As of December 31, 2020 and 2019, the combined finance lease obligation outstanding for these facilities was $29.4 million and $29.4 million, respectively.
The table below presents the lease liabilities arising from obtaining right-of-use assets in the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019:
  For the year ended December 31,
  2020 2019
Operating leases $ 3,232  $ 5,423 
Finance leases $ —  $ — 
The table below presents our total lease cost for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019 (short-term lease cost was not material for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019):
  For the year ended December 31,
  2020 2019
Operating lease cost $ 16,658  $ 16,124 
Finance lease cost:
Amortization of right-of-use assets $ 1,794  $ 1,808 
Interest on lease liabilities 2,565  2,695 
Total finance lease cost $ 4,359  $ 4,503 
Rent expense for the year ended December 31, 2018 (prior to the adoption of FASB ASC Topic 842) was $21.0 million.
The table below presents the cash paid related to our operating and finance leases for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019:
  For the year ended December 31,
  2020 2019
Operating cash flows from operating leases
$ 16,489  $ 15,911 
Operating cash flows from finance leases
$ 2,262  $ 2,731 
Financing cash flows from finance leases
$ 944  $ 1,933 
The table below presents the weighted-average remaining lease term of our operating and finance leases (in years):
  2020
Operating leases 7.6
Finance leases 11.8
The table below presents our weighted-average discount rate as of December 31, 2020:
  2020
Operating leases
5.7  %
Finance leases
8.5  %
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The table below presents a maturity analysis of the obligations related to our operating lease liabilities and finance lease liabilities in effect as of December 31, 2020:
  Operating Leases Finance Leases
Year ending December 31,
2021 $ 14,608  $ 4,572 
2022 12,176  3,848 
2023 8,829  3,813 
2024 7,561  3,873 
2025 5,048  3,934 
Thereafter 21,808  29,486 
Total undiscounted cash flows related to lease liabilities
70,030  49,526 
Less imputed interest
(15,334) (19,192)
Total lease liabilities
$ 54,696  $ 30,334 
18. Fair Value Measures
Our assets and liabilities recorded at fair value have been categorized based upon a fair value hierarchy in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 820. The levels of the fair value hierarchy are described below:
Level 1 inputs utilize quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets and liabilities that we have the ability to access at the measurement date.
Level 2 inputs utilize inputs, other than quoted prices included in Level 1, that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. Level 2 inputs include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, quoted prices in markets that are not active, and inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability, such as interest rates and yield curves that are observable at commonly quoted intervals.
Level 3 inputs are unobservable inputs for the asset or liability, allowing for situations where there is little, if any, market activity for the asset or liability.
Measured on a Recurring Basis
The fair values of our assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of as of December 31, 2020 and 2019 are as shown in the below table. All fair value measures presented are categorized in Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.
As of December 31,
  2020 2019
Assets measured at fair value:
Foreign currency forward contracts 16,163  23,561 
Commodity forward contracts 8,902  3,623 
Total assets measured at fair value 25,065  27,184 
Liabilities measured at fair value:
Foreign currency forward contracts 24,660  1,959 
Commodity forward contracts 310  462 
Total liabilities measured at fair value 24,970  2,421 
Refer to Note 2, "Significant Accounting Policies," for additional information related to the methods used to estimate the fair value of our financial instruments, and refer Note 19, "Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities," for additional information related to the inputs used to determine these fair value measurements and the nature of the risks that these derivative instruments are intended to mitigate.
Although we have determined that the majority of the inputs used to value our derivative instruments fall within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy, the credit valuation adjustments associated with our derivatives utilize Level 3 inputs, such as estimates of current credit spreads, to appropriately reflect both our own non-performance risk and the respective counterparties' non-performance risk in the fair value measurement. As of December 31, 2020 and 2019, we have assessed the significance of the impact of the credit valuation adjustments on the overall valuation of our derivative positions and have
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determined that the credit valuation adjustments are not significant to the overall valuation of our derivatives. As a result, we have determined that our derivatives in their entirety are classified in Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy.
Measured on a Nonrecurring Basis
We evaluated our goodwill and other indefinite-lived intangible assets for impairment as of October 1, 2020. Refer to Note 11, "Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, Net," for additional information. Based on these analyses, we determined that no impairments were required. As of December 31, 2020, no events or changes in circumstances occurred that would have triggered the need for an additional impairment review of goodwill or other indefinite-lived intangible assets.
Financial Instruments Not Recorded at Fair Value
The following table presents the carrying values and fair values of financial instruments not recorded at fair value in the consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2020 and 2019. All fair value measures presented are categorized within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.
As of December 31,
  2020 2019
Carrying Value (1)
Fair Value
Carrying Value (1)
Fair Value
Term Loan $ 456,096  $ 454,955  $ 460,725  $ 464,181 
4.875% Senior Notes
$ 500,000  $ 538,750  $ 500,000  $ 532,500 
5.625% Senior Notes
$ 400,000  $ 448,000  $ 400,000  $ 444,000 
5.0% Senior Notes
$ 700,000  $ 777,000  $ 700,000  $ 759,500 
6.25% Senior Notes
$ 750,000  $ 778,125  $ 750,000  $ 808,125 
4.375% Senior Notes
$ 450,000  $ 487,125  $ 450,000  $ 457,875 
3.75% Senior Notes
$ 750,000  $ 776,250  $ —  $ — 
__________________________________________
(1)     Excluding any related debt discounts and deferred financing costs.
In addition to the above, we hold certain equity investments that do not have readily determinable fair values for which we use the measurement alternative prescribed in FASB ASC Topic 321. Such investments are measured at cost, less any impairment, plus or minus changes resulting from observable price changes in orderly transactions for an identical or similar investment of the same issuer. There were no impairments or changes resulting from observable transactions for any of these investments, and no adjustments have been made to their carrying values.
Refer to the table below for the carrying values of equity investments using the measurement alternative, which are presented as a component of other assets in the consolidated balance sheets.
As of December 31,
2020 2019
Quanergy Systems, Inc $ 50,000  $ 50,000 
Other 15,000  3,700 
Total $ 65,000  $ 53,700 
19. Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities
We utilize derivative instruments that are designated and qualify as hedges of our exposure to variability in expected future cash flows. Hedge accounting generally provides for the matching of the timing of gain or loss recognition on these hedging instruments with the earnings effect of the hedged forecasted transactions. We may enter into other derivative contracts that are intended to economically hedge certain risks, even though we elect not to apply hedge accounting under FASB ASC Topic 815. Derivative financial instruments not designated as hedges are used to manage our exposure to certain risks, not for trading or speculative purposes. Refer to Note 2, "Significant Accounting Policies," for additional information related to the valuation techniques and accounting policies regarding derivative instruments and hedging activities.
Foreign Currency Risk
We are exposed to fluctuations in the values of certain foreign currencies relative to our functional currency, the USD. We enter into forward contracts to manage this exposure. We currently have outstanding foreign currency forward contracts that qualify as cash flow hedges intended to offset the effect of exchange rate fluctuations on forecasted sales and certain
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manufacturing costs. We also have outstanding foreign currency forward contracts that are intended to preserve the economic value of foreign currency denominated monetary assets and liabilities, which are not designated for hedge accounting treatment in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 815.
For each of the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018, amounts excluded from the assessment of effectiveness of our foreign currency forward contracts were not material. As of December 31, 2020, we estimate that $9.7 million of net losses will be reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss to earnings during the twelve month period ending December 31, 2021.
As of December 31, 2020, we had the following outstanding foreign currency forward contracts:
Notional
(in millions)
Effective Date(s) Maturity Date(s) Index (Exchange Rates) Weighted- Average Strike Rate
Hedge Designation (1)
22.0 EUR December 29, 2020 January 29, 2021 Euro ("EUR") to USD 1.23 USD Not designated
317.3 EUR Various from February 2019 to December 2020 Various from January 2021 to December 2022 EUR to USD 1.17 USD Cash flow hedge
584.0 CNY December 28, 2020 January 29, 2021 USD to Chinese Renminbi ("CNY") 6.57 CNY Not designated
500.0 CNY November 5, 2020 Various from January to December 2021 USD to CNY 6.74 CNY Cash flow hedge
897.0 JPY December 28, 2020 January 29, 2021 USD to Japanese Yen ("JPY") 103.53 JPY Not designated
17,321.7 KRW Various from March 2019 to December 2020 Various from January 2021 to December 2022 USD to Korean Won ("KRW") 1,167.03 KRW Cash flow hedge
22.0 MYR December 30, 2020 January 29, 2021 USD to Malaysian Ringgit ("MYR") 4.06 MYR Not designated
284.0 MXN December 29, 2020 January 29, 2021 USD to Mexican Peso ("MXN") 19.95 MXN Not designated
2,963.5 MXN Various from February 2019 to December 2020 Various from January 2021 to December 2022 USD to MXN 22.56 MXN Cash flow hedge
6.0 GBP December 29, 2020 January 29, 2021 British Pound Sterling ("GBP") to USD 1.35 USD Not designated
48.9 GBP Various from February 2019 to December 2020 Various from January 2021 to December 2022 GBP to USD 1.29 USD Cash flow hedge
______________________________________
(1)    Derivative financial instruments not designated as hedges are used to manage our exposure to currency exchange rate risk. They are intended to preserve the economic value, and they are not used for trading or speculative purposes.
Commodity Risk
We enter into commodity forward contracts in order to limit our exposure to variability in raw material costs that is caused by movements in the price of underlying metals. The terms of these forward contracts fix the price at a future date for various notional amounts associated with these commodities. These instruments are not designated for hedge accounting treatment in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 815.
As of December 31, 2020, we had the following outstanding commodity forward contracts:
Commodity Notional Remaining Contracted Periods Weighted-Average
Strike Price Per Unit
Silver 742,939 troy oz. January 2021- December 2022 $ 20.54 
Gold 7,326 troy oz. January 2021-December 2022 $ 1,733.35 
Nickel 165,037 pounds January 2021-December 2022 $ 6.62 
Aluminum 2,224,837 pounds January 2021-December 2022 $ 0.86 
Copper 1,803,323 pounds January 2021-December 2022 $ 2.83 
Platinum 7,440 troy oz. January 2021-December 2022 $ 911.09 
Palladium 831 troy oz. January 2021-December 2022 $ 1,988.33 
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Financial Instrument Presentation
The following table presents the fair values of our derivative financial instruments and their classification in the consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2020 and 2019:
  Asset Derivatives Liability Derivatives
Balance Sheet
Location
As of December 31, Balance Sheet
Location
As of December 31,
  2020 2019 2020 2019
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:
Foreign currency forward contracts Prepaid expenses and other current assets $ 11,281  $ 20,957  Accrued expenses and other current liabilities $ 18,834  $ 1,055 
Foreign currency forward contracts Other assets 4,728  2,530  Other long-term liabilities 5,182  428 
Total $ 16,009  $ 23,487  $ 24,016  $ 1,483 
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
Commodity forward contracts Prepaid expenses and other current assets $ 7,598  $ 3,069  Accrued expenses and other current liabilities $ 149  $ 394 
Commodity forward contracts Other assets 1,304  554  Other long-term liabilities 161  68 
Foreign currency forward contracts Prepaid expenses and other current assets 154  74  Accrued expenses and other current liabilities 644  476 
Total $ 9,056  $ 3,697  $ 954  $ 938 
These fair value measurements are all categorized within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy. Refer to Note 18, "Fair Value Measures," for additional information related to the categorization of these fair value measurements within the fair value hierarchy.
The following tables present the effect of our derivative financial instruments on the consolidated statements of operations and the consolidated statements of comprehensive income for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019:
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments  Amount of Deferred (Loss)/Gain Recognized in Other Comprehensive (Loss)/Income Location of Net Gain/(Loss) Reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss into Net Income Amount of Net Gain/(Loss) Reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss into Net Income
For the year ended December 31, For the year ended December 31,
2020 2019 2020 2019
Foreign currency forward contracts $ (25,866) $ 23,881  Net revenue $ 10,785  $ 26,180 
Foreign currency forward contracts $ 2,140  $ 14,512  Cost of revenue $ (3,397) $ 2,397 
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments Amount of Gain/(Loss) Recognized in Net Income Location of Gain/(Loss) Recognized in Net Income
For the year ended December 31,
2020 2019
Commodity forward contracts $ 10,027  $ 4,888  Other, net
Foreign currency forward contracts $ (6,762) $ 2,225  Other, net
Credit risk related contingent features
We have agreements with our derivative counterparties that contain a provision whereby if we default on our indebtedness and repayment of the indebtedness has been accelerated by the lender, then we could also be declared in default on our derivative obligations.
As of December 31, 2020, the termination value of outstanding derivatives in a liability position, excluding any adjustment for non-performance risk, was $25.1 million. As of December 31, 2020, we have not posted any cash collateral related to these agreements. If we breach any of the default provisions on any of our indebtedness as described above, we could be required to settle our obligations under the derivative agreements at their termination values.
20. Segment Reporting
In the three months ended June 30, 2020, we altered the way we measure segment operating income in order to align with a change to the performance measures provided to and used by our chief operating decision maker for purposes of assessing
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performance and deciding how to allocate resources to each segment. Whereas R&D and SG&A expenses related to our megatrend initiatives were historically allocated to our operating segments, beginning in fiscal year 2020 these amounts are presented within corporate and other. Prior period information has been recast to reflect this revised presentation.
We have historically operated in, and reported financial information for, the following two reportable segments: Performance Sensing and Sensing Solutions, each of which was also an operating segment. In the fourth quarter of 2020, a change in focus of the evaluation of our business by our chief operating decision maker in order to make decisions about resource allocation, among other factors such as solidification of a reporting structure to accommodate this focus, necessitated a reevaluation of our conclusion that Performance Sensing was an operating segment. Based on our assessment of these factors, we determined that the Performance Sensing operating segment should be divided into two operating segments, Automotive and HVOR. We also determined that each of these operating segments meet the criteria for aggregation in FASB ASC Topic 280, Reportable Segments. No change was made to Sensing Solutions, and it remains an operating segment. None of the preceding changes resulted in any impact on the overall composition of our reportable segments and prior periods were not required to be recast for this change.
An operating segment’s performance is primarily evaluated based on segment operating income, which excludes amortization of intangible assets, restructuring and other charges, net, and certain corporate costs/credits not associated with the operations of the segment, including share-based compensation expense and a portion of depreciation expense associated with assets recorded in connection with acquisitions. Corporate and other costs excluded from an operating (and reportable) segment’s performance are separately stated below and also include costs that are related to functional areas such as finance, information technology, legal, and human resources. We believe that segment operating income, as defined above, is an appropriate measure for evaluating the operating performance of our segments. However, this measure should be considered in addition to, and not as a substitute for, or superior to, operating income or other measures of financial performance prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. The accounting policies of each of our operating and reportable segments are materially consistent with those described in Note 2, "Significant Accounting Policies."
As discussed above, the Performance Sensing reportable segment represents the aggregation of the Automotive and HVOR operating segments, which primarily serve the automotive and HVOR industries, respectively, through development and manufacture of sensors, high-voltage contactors, and other solutions used in mission-critical systems and applications such as those in subsystems of automobiles, on-road trucks, and off-road equipment (e.g., tire pressure monitoring, thermal management, electrical protection, regenerative braking, powertrain (engine/transmission), and exhaust management). Our products are used in subsystems that, among other things, improve operating performance and efficiency, as well as contribute to environmentally sustainable and safe solutions as the world continues to pivot in those directions
Sensing Solutions primarily serves the industrial and aerospace industries through development and manufacture of a broad portfolio of application-specific sensor and electrical protection products used in a diverse range of industrial markets, including the appliance, HVAC, semiconductor, material handling, factory automation, and water management markets, as well as the aerospace market.
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The following table presents net revenue and segment operating income for the reported segments and other operating results not allocated to the reported segments for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018 (prior periods have been recast as discussed above):
  For the year ended December 31,
  2020 2019 2018
Net revenue:
Performance Sensing $ 2,223,810  $ 2,546,016  $ 2,627,651 
Sensing Solutions 821,768  904,615  893,976 
Total net revenue $ 3,045,578  $ 3,450,631  $ 3,521,627 
Segment operating income (as defined above):
Performance Sensing $ 532,529  $ 670,470  $ 728,251 
Sensing Solutions 241,218  293,967  294,996 
Total segment operating income 773,747  964,437  1,023,247 
Corporate and other (273,367) (211,106) (221,320)
Amortization of intangible assets (129,549) (142,886) (139,326)
Restructuring and other charges, net (33,094) (53,560) 47,818 
Operating income 337,737  556,885  710,419 
Interest expense, net (171,757) (158,554) (153,679)
Other, net (339) (7,908) (30,365)
Income before taxes $ 165,641  $ 390,423  $ 526,375 
No customer exceeded 10% of our net revenue in any of the periods presented.
The following table presents net revenue by product category for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018:
  Performance Sensing Sensing Solutions For the year ended December 31,
  2020 2019 2018
Net revenue:
Sensors X X $ 2,380,608  $ 2,712,926  $ 2,755,280 
Electrical Protection (1)
X X 504,001  573,631  522,172 
Other (1)
X X 160,969  164,074  244,175 
Net revenue $ 3,045,578  $ 3,450,631  $ 3,521,627 
(1)    Beginning in the year ended December 31, 2020, we adjusted our product categories to better reflect how we view our products. The product category we previously referred to as "controls" was renamed to "electrical protection," and our GIGAVAC products, which were previously grouped in "other," have been recast into "electrical protection." The amount of revenue recast from "other" to "electrical protection" in the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 was $91.9 million and $13.4 million, respectively. The "sensors" product category was unchanged.
The following table presents depreciation and amortization expense for our reportable segments for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018:
  For the year ended December 31,
  2020 2019 2018
Depreciation and amortization:
Performance Sensing $ 91,522  $ 85,511  $ 72,067 
Sensing Solutions 16,564  16,678  16,798 
Corporate and other (1)
147,143  156,559  156,475 
Total depreciation and amortization $ 255,229  $ 258,748  $ 245,340 
__________________________________________
(1)Included within corporate and other is depreciation and amortization expense associated with the fair value step-up recognized in prior acquisitions and accelerated depreciation recognized in connection with restructuring actions. We do not allocate the additional depreciation and amortization expense associated with the step-up in the fair value of the PP&E and intangible assets associated with these acquisitions or accelerated depreciation related to restructuring actions
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to our segments. This treatment is consistent with the financial information reviewed by our chief operating decision maker.
The following table presents total assets for our reportable segments as of December 31, 2020 and 2019:
As of December 31,
2020 2019
Assets:
Performance Sensing $ 1,447,885  $ 1,515,396 
Sensing Solutions 459,544  479,455 
Corporate and other(1)
5,936,773  4,839,668 
Total assets $ 7,844,202  $ 6,834,519 
__________________________________________
(1)The following is included within corporate and other as of December 31, 2020 and 2019: goodwill of $3,111.3 million and $3,093.6 million, respectively; other intangible assets, net of $691.5 million and $770.9 million, respectively; cash and cash equivalents of $1,862.0 million and $774.1 million, respectively; and PP&E, net of $41.7 million and $41.2 million, respectively. This treatment is consistent with the financial information reviewed by our chief operating decision maker.
The following table presents additions to PP&E and capitalized software for our reportable segments for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018:
  For the year ended December 31,
  2020 2019 2018
Additions to property, plant and equipment and capitalized software:
Performance Sensing $ 79,252  $ 125,412  $ 130,234 
Sensing Solutions 16,885  19,520  12,492 
Corporate and other 10,582  16,327  17,061 
Total additions to property, plant and equipment and capitalized software $ 106,719  $ 161,259  $ 159,787 
Geographic Area Information
The following tables present net revenue by geographic area and by significant country for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018. In these tables, net revenue is aggregated according to the location of our subsidiaries.
  For the year ended December 31,
  2020 2019 2018
Net revenue:
Americas $ 1,197,846  $ 1,460,101  $ 1,480,567 
Europe 816,287  969,470  1,028,534 
Asia and rest of world 1,031,445  1,021,060  1,012,526 
Net revenue $ 3,045,578  $ 3,450,631  $ 3,521,627 
  For the year ended December 31,
  2020 2019 2018
Net revenue:
United States $ 1,082,671  $ 1,333,532  $ 1,360,590 
Netherlands 482,020  576,804  585,036 
China 641,516  575,211  560,938 
Korea 172,229  188,226  188,114 
United Kingdom 122,403  151,674  163,963 
All other 544,739  625,184  662,986 
Net revenue $ 3,045,578  $ 3,450,631  $ 3,521,627 
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The following tables present PP&E, net, by geographic area and by significant country as of December 31, 2020 and 2019. In these tables, PP&E, net is aggregated based on the location of our subsidiaries.
  As of December 31,
  2020 2019
Property, plant and equipment, net:
Americas $ 266,378  $ 289,300 
Europe 196,132  192,772 
Asia and rest of world 341,315  348,926 
Property, plant and equipment, net $ 803,825  $ 830,998 
  As of December 31,
  2020 2019
Property, plant and equipment, net:
United States $ 108,615  $ 97,226 
China 257,935  266,161 
Mexico 157,576  191,861 
Bulgaria 147,103  138,644 
United Kingdom 34,453  40,003 
Malaysia 78,752  78,310 
All other 19,391  18,793 
Property, plant and equipment, net $ 803,825  $ 830,998 
21. Unaudited Quarterly Data
A summary of the unaudited quarterly results of operations for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019 is as follows:
For the three months ended
  December 31, 2020 September 30, 2020 June 30, 2020 March 31, 2020
Net revenue $ 906,491  $ 788,313  $ 576,505  $ 774,269 
Gross profit $ 296,551  $ 258,058  $ 164,062  $ 207,863 
Net income $ 121,667  $ 76,729  $ (42,541) $ 8,431 
Basic net income per share $ 0.77  $ 0.49  $ (0.27) $ 0.05 
Diluted net income per share $ 0.77  $ 0.49  $ (0.27) $ 0.05 
For the three months ended
  December 31, 2019 September 30, 2019 June 30, 2019 March 31, 2019
Net revenue $ 846,691  $ 849,715  $ 883,726  $ 870,499 
Gross profit $ 290,209  $ 294,805  $ 308,491  $ 289,693 
Net income $ 53,538  $ 70,675  $ 73,436  $ 85,065 
Basic net income per share (1)
$ 0.34  $ 0.44  $ 0.45  $ 0.52 
Diluted net income per share $ 0.34  $ 0.44  $ 0.45  $ 0.52 
__________________________________________
(1)    The sum of net income per share for the four quarters does not equal the full year net income per share due to rounding.
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COVID-19
The decline in revenue in the first, second, and third quarters of 2020 compared to the corresponding quarters of 2019 relates in large part to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our business. The second quarter of 2020 was most significantly impacted, and we experienced partial recovery in the third quarter of 2020.
Restructuring and other charges, net
The below table presents amounts recognized in restructuring and other charges, net in the periods presented:
  For the three months ended
  December 31, September 30, June 30, March 31,
2020 $ 897  $ (10,519) $ 38,218  $ 4,498 
2019 $ 25,520  $ 6,421  $ 16,310  $ 5,309 
On June 30, 2020, we initiated the Q2 2020 Global Restructure Program and recognized approximately $24.1 million of severance charges related to that program in the second quarter of 2020. In the third quarter of 2020, we settled intellectual property litigation brought against Schrader by Wasica, which resulted in the derecognition of nearly the entire $12.1 million liability that we recorded in the second quarter of 2020 resulting from a prejudgment interest-related award granted by the court on behalf of Wasica.
In fiscal year 2019, restructuring and other charges net includes a $17.8 million loss related to the termination of a supply agreement in connection with the Metal Seal litigation in the fourth quarter, $6.5 million of termination benefits provided under a one-time benefit arrangement related to the shutdown and relocation of an operating site in Germany in the third quarter, and $12.7 million of benefits provided under a voluntary retirement incentive program offered to a limited number of eligible employees in the U.S., in the second quarter.
Refer to Note 5, "Restructuring and Other Charges, Net," for additional information related to restructuring and other charges.
Income taxes
In response to the global financial and health crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, the U.S. federal government enacted the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act on March 27, 2020. Federal limitations on interest deductions were reduced in connection with this legislation, and we recorded a deferred tax benefit of $7.5 million in the three months ended March 31, 2020, as we were able to utilize additional interest expense that was previously subject to a valuation allowance.
In the fourth quarter of 2020 we recognized a net income tax benefit of $54.2 million related to intangible property transfers.
Litigation
In the first quarter of 2020, we recognized a $29.2 million loss in cost of revenue as a result of a judgment issued against us for damages in intellectual property litigation brought against Schrader by Wasica. We settled this litigation in the third quarter of 2020. Additional amounts recognized related to this litigation are presented in restructuring and other charges, net as discussed above. See Note 15, "Commitments and Contingencies," for additional information regarding the intellectual property litigation with Wasica.
22. Subsequent Events
On February 3, 2021, we announced that we intended to redeem in full the $750.0 million aggregate principal amount outstanding on our 6.25% Senior Notes due 2026 in March 2021. This resulted in classification of the Senior Notes as current on our December 31, 2020 consolidated balance sheet. Refer to Note 14, “Debt,” for additional information on the terms of this redemption.
On February 11, 2021, we entered into a securities purchase agreement (the "SPA") to acquire all of the outstanding equity interests of Xirgo Technologies, LLC ("Xirgo") for an aggregate purchase price of $400 million, subject to adjustment for certain closing and post-closing items. Xirgo is a leading provider of telematics and data insight, headquartered in Camarillo, California. The product offerings and technology of Xirgo will augment our existing portfolio in advancing our Smart & Connected megatrend initiative. We expect to integrate Xirgo into our Performance Sensing reportable segment. The
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transaction contemplated by the SPA is expected to close in the first quarter of 2021, subject to clearance under the Hart-Scott-Rodino Act and the satisfaction of certain customary closing conditions.
120



SCHEDULE I—CONDENSED FINANCIAL INFORMATION OF THE REGISTRANT
SENSATA TECHNOLOGIES HOLDING PLC
(Parent Company Only)
Balance Sheets
(In thousands)
 
As of December 31,
2020 2019
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents $ 664  $ 238 
Intercompany receivables 837  — 
Intercompany notes receivable from subsidiaries 65,972  43,673 
Prepaid expenses and other current assets 1,821  1,246 
Total current assets 69,294  45,157 
Deferred income tax assets 506  570 
Other non-current assets 51  — 
Investment in subsidiaries 2,726,216  2,554,954 
Total assets $ 2,796,067  $ 2,600,681 
Liabilities and shareholders’ equity
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable $ 414  $ 572 
Intercompany accounts payable to subsidiaries 12,937  1,909 
Intercompany notes payable to subsidiaries 76,482  23,216 
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities 748  1,229 
Total current liabilities 90,581  26,926 
Total liabilities 90,581  26,926 
Total shareholders’ equity 2,705,486  2,573,755 
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity $ 2,796,067  $ 2,600,681 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed financial statements.
121




SENSATA TECHNOLOGIES HOLDING PLC
(Parent Company Only)
Statements of Operations
(In thousands)
 
  For the year ended December 31,
  2020 2019 2018
Net revenue $ —  $ —  $ — 
Operating costs and expenses:
Selling, general and administrative 12,477  8,860  10,153 
Total operating costs and expenses 12,477  8,860  10,153 
Loss from operations (12,477) (8,860) (10,153)
Intercompany dividend income —  700,000  — 
Intercompany interest expense, net (479) (23,294) (4,709)
Other, net 115  (21) 474 
(Loss)/income before income taxes and equity in net income of subsidiaries (12,841) 667,825  (14,388)
Equity in net income/(loss) of subsidiaries 182,733  (401,715) 613,383 
(Provision for)/benefit from income taxes (5,606) 16,604  — 
Net income $ 164,286  $ 282,714  $ 598,995 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed financial statements.

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SENSATA TECHNOLOGIES HOLDING PLC
(Parent Company Only)
Statements of Comprehensive Income
(In thousands)
  For the year ended December 31,
  2020 2019 2018
Net income $ 164,286  $ 282,714  $ 598,995 
Other comprehensive (loss)/income, net of tax:
Defined benefit plan —  —  535 
Subsidiaries' other comprehensive (loss)/income (29,051) 5,694  36,451 
Other comprehensive (loss)/income (29,051) 5,694  36,986 
Comprehensive income $ 135,235  $ 288,408  $ 635,981 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed financial statements.

123




SENSATA TECHNOLOGIES HOLDING PLC
(Parent Company Only)
Statements of Cash Flows
(In thousands)
 
  For the year ended December 31,
  2020 2019 2018
Net cash used in operating activities $ (7,911) $ (14,989) $ (14,253)
Cash flows from investing activities:
Dividends received from subsidiary —  700,000  — 
Net cash provided by investing activities —  700,000  — 
Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds from exercise of stock options and issuance of ordinary shares 15,457  15,150  6,093 
Proceeds from/(payments on) intercompany borrowings 30,966  (344,018) 410,190 
Payments to repurchase ordinary shares (35,175) (350,004) (399,417)
Payments of employee restricted stock tax withholdings (2,911) (6,990) (3,674)
Net cash provided by/(used in) financing activities 8,337  (685,862) 13,192 
Net change in cash and cash equivalents 426  (851) (1,061)
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of year 238  1,089  2,150 
Cash and cash equivalents, end of year $ 664  $ 238  $ 1,089 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed financial statements.

124


1. Basis of Presentation and Description of Business
Sensata Technologies Holding plc (Parent Company)—Schedule I—Condensed Financial Information of Sensata Technologies Holding plc ("Sensata plc"), included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K (this "Report"), provides all parent company information that is required to be presented in accordance with the United States (the "U.S.") Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") rules and regulations for financial statement schedules. The accompanying condensed financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the reduced disclosure requirements permitted by the SEC. Sensata plc and subsidiaries' audited consolidated financial statements are included elsewhere in this Report.
On September 28, 2017, the Board of Directors of Sensata Technologies Holding N.V. ("Sensata N.V.") unanimously approved a plan to change our location of incorporation from the Netherlands to the United Kingdom (the "U.K."). To effect this change, on February 16, 2018 the shareholders of Sensata N.V. approved a cross-border merger between Sensata N.V. and Sensata plc, a newly formed, public limited company incorporated under the laws of England and Wales, with Sensata plc being the surviving entity (the "Merger").
We received approval of the Merger by the U.K. High Court of Justice, and the Merger was completed, on March 28, 2018. As a result thereof, Sensata plc became the publicly-traded parent of the subsidiary companies that were previously controlled by Sensata N.V., with no changes made to the business being conducted by us prior to the Merger. Due to the fact that the Merger was a business combination between entities under common control, the assets and liabilities exchanged were accounted for at their carrying values.
Sensata plc conducts limited separate operations and acts primarily as a holding company. Sensata plc has no direct outstanding debt obligations. However, Sensata Technologies B.V., an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of Sensata plc, is limited in its ability to pay dividends or otherwise make distributions to its immediate parent company and, ultimately, to Sensata plc, under its senior secured credit facilities and the indentures governing its senior notes. For a discussion of the debt obligations of the subsidiaries of Sensata plc, refer to Note 14, "Debt," of Sensata plc and subsidiaries' audited consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Report (the "Consolidated Financial Statements").
All U.S. dollar amounts presented except per share amounts are stated in thousands, unless otherwise indicated.
2. Commitments and Contingencies
For a discussion of the commitments and contingencies of the subsidiaries of Sensata plc, refer to Note 15, "Commitments and Contingencies," of the Consolidated Financial Statements.
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SCHEDULE II—VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS
(In thousands)
 
  Balance at the
Beginning of
the Period
Additions Deductions Balance at the End of
the Period
Charged, Net of Reversals,
to Expenses/Against Revenue
For the year ended December 31, 2020
Accounts receivable allowances $ 15,129  $ 5,654  $ (1,750) $ 19,033 
For the year ended December 31, 2019
Accounts receivable allowances $ 13,762  $ 3,005  $ (1,638) $ 15,129 
For the year ended December 31, 2018
Accounts receivable allowances $ 12,947  $ 2,194  $ (1,379) $ 13,762 

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Table of Contents

ITEM 9.CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE
None.
ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
The required certifications of our Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer, and Chief Accounting Officer are included as Exhibits 31.1, 31.2, and 31.3 to this Annual Report on Form 10-K. The disclosures set forth in this Item 9A contain information concerning the evaluation of our disclosure controls and procedures, management's report on internal control over financial reporting, and changes in internal control over financial reporting referred to in these certifications. These certifications should be read in conjunction with this Item 9A for a more complete understanding of the matters covered by the certifications.
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
With the participation of our Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer, and Chief Accounting Officer, we have evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of December 31, 2020. The term "disclosure controls and procedures," as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act"), means controls and other procedures of a company that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by a company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission's rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by a company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to the company's management, including its principal executive and principal financial officers, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving their objectives, and management necessarily applies its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures. Based on the evaluation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of December 31, 2020, our Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer, and Chief Accounting Officer concluded that, as of such date, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective at the reasonable assurance level.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
No change in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) occurred during the fourth quarter of the year ended December 31, 2020 that materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
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Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting
Management of Sensata Technologies Holding plc (the "Company") is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting as is defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f). The Company’s internal control system was designed to provide reasonable assurance to the Company’s management, Board of Directors, and shareholders regarding the preparation and fair presentation of the Company’s published financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. The Company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that:
pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the Company;
provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management of the Company; and
provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of our assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
There are inherent limitations to the effectiveness of any system of internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, even an effective system of internal control over financial reporting can only provide reasonable assurance with respect to financial statement preparation and presentation in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Our internal controls over financial reporting are subject to various inherent limitations, including cost limitations, judgments used in decision making, assumptions about the likelihood of future events, the soundness of our systems, the possibility of human error, and the risk of fraud. Moreover, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may be inadequate because of changes in conditions and the risk that the degree of compliance with policies or procedures may deteriorate over time.
Management assessed the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2020. In making its assessment of internal control over financial reporting, management used the criteria issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations ("COSO") of the Treadway Commission in May 2013.
Based on the results of this assessment, management, including our Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer, and Chief Accounting Officer, has concluded that, as of December 31, 2020, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting was effective.
The Company’s independent registered public accounting firm, Ernst & Young LLP, has also issued an audit report on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting, which is included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Swindon, United Kingdom
February 12, 2021
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Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To the Shareholders and the Board of Directors of
Sensata Technologies Holding plc

Opinion on Internal Control over Financial Reporting
We have audited Sensata Technologies Holding plc’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2020, based on criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (2013 framework) (the COSO criteria). In our opinion, Sensata Technologies Holding plc (the Company) maintained, in all material aspects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2020, based on the COSO criteria.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the consolidated balance sheets of the Company as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income, cash flows and changes in shareholders' equity for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2020, and the related notes and financial statement schedules listed in the Index at Item 15(a) (collectively referred to as the “financial statements”), and our report dated February 12, 2021 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.
Basis for Opinion
The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting included in the accompanying Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects.
Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
Definition and Limitations of Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
/s/ Ernst & Young LLP
Boston, Massachusetts
February 12, 2021
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ITEM 9B.OTHER INFORMATION
On February 12, 2021, Sensata Technologies, Inc., a wholly-owned indirect subsidiary of Sensata Technologies Holding plc (“the Company”), announced the entry into a securities purchase agreement (the “SPA”) to acquire Xirgo Technologies Intermediate Holdings, LLC and Xirgo Holdings, Inc. (collectively, “Xirgo”) for $400 million. Xirgo’s annual revenue is expected to exceed $100 million in 2021 with projected revenue growth in excess of 20% over the next several years. The transaction is expected to be accretive to Sensata’s adjusted net income per share in 2021. The acquisition price is subject to working capital and other adjustments. The SPA contains customary representations, warranties, and covenants. We expect to complete the transaction contemplated by the SPA in the first quarter of 2021, subject to the satisfaction of customary closing conditions, including, among others, clearance under the Hart-Scott-Rodino Act. The Company intends to fund the transaction using available cash on hand.
The Company will conduct a conference call on February 12, 2021 at 8:00 AM eastern time to discuss the acquisition of Xirgo. The dial-in numbers for the call are 1-844-784-1726 or +1-412-380-7411. Callers should reference the "Sensata Xirgo acquisition Conference Call." A live webcast and a replay of the conference call will also be available on the investor relations page of Sensata’s website at http://investors.sensata.com. Additionally, a replay of the call will be available until February 18, 2021. To access the replay, dial 1-877-344-7529 or 1-412-317-0088 and enter confirmation code: 10152411.
The foregoing description of the SPA is qualified in its entirety by reference to the full text of the SPA, which is attached to this Annual Report on Form 10-K as Exhibit 10.42 and is incorporated in this report by reference. A copy of the press release announcing entry into the SPA is attached as Exhibit 99.1 and is incorporated in this report by reference.
PART III
ITEM 10.DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS, AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
The information required by this Item 10 is incorporated herein by reference from the Definitive Proxy Statement of Sensata Technologies Holding plc (the "Company"), to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days of the Company's fiscal year ended December 31, 2020.
ITEM 11.EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
The information required by this Item 11 is incorporated herein by reference from the Company's Definitive Proxy Statement, to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days of the Company's fiscal year ended December 31, 2020.
ITEM 12.SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS
The information required by this Item 12 is incorporated herein by reference from the Company's Definitive Proxy Statement, to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days of the Company's fiscal year ended December 31, 2020.
ITEM 13.CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE
The information required by this Item 13 is incorporated herein by reference from the Company's Definitive Proxy Statement, to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days of the Company's fiscal year ended December 31, 2020.
ITEM 14.PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES
The information required by this Item 14 is incorporated herein by reference from the Company's Definitive Proxy Statement, to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days of the Company's fiscal year ended December 31, 2020.
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PART IV 
ITEM 15.EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
(a)
1.Financial Statements — See "Financial Statements" under Item 8, "Financial Statements and Supplementary Data," of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
2.Financial Statement Schedules — See "Financial Statement Schedules" under Item 8, "Financial Statements and Supplementary Data," of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
3.Exhibits
EXHIBIT INDEX
2.1
2.2
3.1
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5
4.6
4.7
4.8
4.9
4.10
4.11
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4.12
4.13
4.14
4.15
4.16
4.17
10.1
10.2
10.3
10.4
10.5
10.6
10.7
10.8
10.9
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10.10
10.11
10.12
10.13
10.14
10.15
10.16
10.17
10.18
10.19
10.20
10.21
10.22
10.23
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10.24
10.25
10.26
10.27
10.28
10.29
10.30
10.31
10.32
10.33
10.34
10.35
10.36
10.37
10.38
10.39
10.40
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10.41
10.42
21.1
23.1
31.1
31.2
31.3
32.1
99.1
101.INS Inline XBRL Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.
101.SCH Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document. *
101.CAL Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document. *
101.DEF Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document. *
101.LAB Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document. *
101.PRE Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document. *
104 Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)
 ____________________
*    Filed herewith.
†    Indicates management contract or compensatory plan, contract or arrangement.
‡    There have been non-material modifications to this contract since inception
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
SENSATA TECHNOLOGIES HOLDING PLC
 
/s/ JEFF COTE     
By: Jeff Cote
Its: Chief Executive Officer and President
Date: February 12, 2021
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated. 
SIGNATURE TITLE DATE
/s/ JEFF COTE Chief Executive Officer, President, and Director February 12, 2021
Jeff Cote (Principal Executive Officer)
/s/ PAUL VASINGTON Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer February 12, 2021
Paul Vasington (Principal Financial Officer)
/s/ MARIA FREVE Vice President and Chief Accounting Officer February 12, 2021
Maria Freve (Principal Accounting Officer)
/s/ ANDREW TEICH Chairman of the Board of Directors February 12, 2021
Andrew Teich
/s/ JOHN ABSMEIER Director February 12, 2021
John Absmeier
/s/ DANIEL BLACK Director February 12, 2021
Daniel Black
/s/ LORRAINE BOLSINGER Director February 12, 2021
Lorraine Bolsinger
/s/ JAMES HEPPELMANN Director February 12, 2021
James Heppelmann
/s/ CHARLES PEFFER Director February 12, 2021
Charles Peffer
/s/ CONSTANCE SKIDMORE Director February 12, 2021
Constance Skidmore
/s/ STEVEN SONNENBERG Director February 12, 2021
Steven Sonnenberg
/s/ MARTHA SULLIVAN Director February 12, 2021
Martha Sullivan
/s/ THOMAS WROE Director February 12, 2021
Thomas Wroe
/s/ STEPHEN ZIDE Director February 12, 2021
Stephen Zide
/s/ JEFF COTE Authorized Representative in the United States February 12, 2021
Jeff Cote
136

AWARD AGREEMENT
SENSATA TECHNOLOGIES HOLDING PLC
(the “Company”)
PERFORMANCE RESTRICTED STOCK UNITS
Date: %%OPTION_DATE,’Month DD, YYYY’%-% (“Grant Date”)
Issue to:
%%FIRST_NAME%-% %%LAST_NAME%-% (“Participant”)

    %%TOTAL_SHARES_GRANTED,’999,999,999’%-% Performance Restricted Stock Units of the Company (the “PRSU”). Each PRSU represents the right to potentially receive one Ordinary Share, par value €0.01 per Ordinary Share.

The foregoing PRSUs are “Performance Awards” as such term is in the Company's 2010 Equity Incentive Plan, as may be amended from time to time (the “Plan”), and such Performance Awards are subject to all of the terms and conditions of the Plan in effect from time to time, except as otherwise provided herein. Any capitalized term used herein and not otherwise defined shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in the Plan. For valuable consideration, receipt of which is acknowledged, Participant agrees to the following additional terms and conditions.
PRSU Terms and Conditions
1.Plan Incorporated by Reference. This Award Agreement (this “Agreement”) is issued pursuant to the terms of the Plan and may be amended as provided in the Plan. This Agreement does not set forth all of the terms and conditions of the Plan, which are incorporated herein by reference. The Committee administers the Plan and its determinations regarding the operation of the Plan are final and binding. Copies of the Plan may be obtained upon written request without charge from the Legal Department of the Company.
2.Definitions. For purposes of this Agreement, the following terms shall have the following meanings:
a.Adjusted EPS” means the annual adjusted earnings per share during the Performance Year, which for the Company shall be calculated in accordance with Annex B attached hereto, and for each company in the Peer Group, shall be the annual adjusted earnings per share publicly disclosed by such company for the Performance Year (or calculated using publicly disclosed information). Adjusted EPS for the Company includes share repurchases during the Performance Year, but excludes the results of any acquisitions that close after the second quarter of the applicable company’s fiscal year (only for the first year of such acquisition) and shall be adjusted for any stock splits, reverse stock splits or the like.
b.Banked Shares Modifier” means the percent of PRSUs to be banked in each Performance Year based upon the Company’s Relative Adjusted EPS Performance during the Performance Year in accordance with Table 1 below.
c.Peer Company” shall mean each of the companies listed on Annex A.



d.Peer Group” means the companies listed on Annex A attached hereto, which will be amended to remove any Peer Company that is acquired (whether through merger, stock purchase or purchase of substantially all the assets of the company) or ceases to operate (whether through bankruptcy, insolvency or sale) during the Performance Period.
e.Performance Period” means January 1, 2020 through December 31, 2022.
f.Performance Year” means each fiscal year for the Company beginning on January 1 and ending December 31 of each year during the Performance Period, and a similar 12-month fiscal period for each Peer Company that occurs in each of Year 1, Year 2 and Year 3.
g.Relative Adjusted EPS Performance” means the Company’s Adjusted EPS performance when ranked among the Adjusted EPS performance of the Peer Group during the applicable Performance Year (e.g. the Company’s Adjusted EPS ranks 8th out of 20 Peer Companies during a Performance Year, the Relative Adjusted EPS Performance will be the 60th percentile).
h.ROIC” means Return on Invested Capital and is a percentage calculated in accordance with Annex C.
i.ROIC Performance Modifier” means the modifier of the PRSUs that may vest under this Agreement as set forth in Table 2 below that will depend on the ROIC for the applicable Performance Year.
j.Target” means 100% of 1/3 of the PRSUs granted under this Agreement per Performance Year.
k.Three-Year CAGR Relative Performance” means the Company’s three-year compound annual growth rate of Adjusted EPS Performance during the Performance Period as compared to the three-year compound annual growth rate of Adjusted EPS Performance of the Peer Group during the Performance Period.
l.Three-Year CAGR Modifier” shall equal the corresponding Banked Shares Modifier for Year 3 applied across the entire Performance Period if the Company’s Three-Year CAGR Relative Performance exceeds the 50th percentile of the Peer Group.
m.Vesting Date” means the third anniversary of the Grant Date.
n.Year 1” means the Company or the Peer Company’s fiscal year end during 2020.
o.Year 2” means the Company or the Peer Company’s fiscal year end during 2021.
p.Year 3” means the Company or the Peer Company’s fiscal year end during 2022.
3.Vesting of PRSUs; Issuance of Ordinary Shares. Except as may be set forth in Section 4 below, the PRSUs (or a portion thereof) shall vest upon meeting the performance criteria described in this Agreement on the Vesting Date, provided the Participant remains employed by the Company or one of its Subsidiaries continuously through the Vesting Date. The number of PRSUs that will vest and the number of Ordinary Shares to be issued to the Participant on the Vesting Date will be determined based upon the Company’s Relative Adjusted EPS Performance, together with the Company’s ROIC Performance Modifier, to be determined as follows:
a.The PRSUs will bank, or accrue, in each Performance Year during the Performance Period as follows:
2



1.Year 1: On the first anniversary of the Grant Date, between 0% and 100% of 1/3 of the PRSUs will be banked, or accrued, based upon the Company’s Relative Adjusted EPS Performance during Year 1 set forth in Table 1 below, adjusted by the ROIC Performance Modifier for Year 1 set forth in Table 2 below.
2.Year 2: On the second anniversary of the Grant Date, between 0% and 125% of 1/3 of the PRSUs will be banked, or accrued, based upon the Company’s Relative Adjusted EPS Performance during Year 2 set forth in Table 1 below, adjusted by the ROIC Performance Modifier for Year 2 set forth in Table 2 below.
3.Year 3: On the third anniversary of the Grant Date, between 0% and 150% of 1/3 of the PRSUs will be banked, or accrued, based upon the Company’s Relative Adjusted EPS Performance during Year 3 set forth in Table 1 below, adjusted by the ROIC Performance Modifier for Year 3 set forth in Table 2 below.
b.On the Vesting Date, the number of PRSUs that shall vest will be equal to the greater number of the following amounts:
1.The cumulative number of PRSUs banked, or accrued, in accordance with Section 3(a) above; or
2.If the Company’s Three-Year CAGR Relative Performance exceeds the 50th percentile of the Peer Group and the Company’s Year 3 ROIC is 10% or greater, then the product of the total PRSUs granted in this Agreement multiplied by the Three-Year CAGR Modifier multiplied by the Year 3 ROIC Modifier.

TABLE 1: RELATIVE ADJUSTED EPS PERFORMANCE
Year 1 (YR) Relative Adj. EPS
Performance
Year 1
Banked Shares Modifier
Year 2 (YR) Relative
Adj. EPS
Performance
Year 2
Banked Shares Modifier
Year 3 (YR) Relative
Adj. EPS
Performance
Year 3
Banked Shares
Modifier
3 Yr. CAGR Relative Performance

TABLE 2: ROIC PERFORMANCE MODIFIER
YR ROIC ROIC Performance Modifier YR ROIC ROIC Performance Modifier YR ROIC ROIC Performance Modifier


3



EXAMPLE

Total PRSUs Granted – 2,400 PRSUs
1/3 of PRSUs granted (i.e. 800 PRSUs) are used as the basis for determining the banking in Year 1, Year 2 and Year 3
Each Year: Number of PRSUs banked = 1/3 PRSUs granted * Banked Shares Modifier * ROIC Performance Modifier
Number of PRSUs Vesting on Vesting Date is greater of:
Year 1 banked PRSUs + Year 2 banked PRSUs + Year 3 banked PRSUs OR
If Three-Year CAGR Relative Performance is greater than 50th percentile and Year 3 ROIC is 10% or greater, than = Total PRSUs granted * Three-Year CAGR Modifier * Year 3 ROIC Modifier
Year 1 Year 2 Year 3
Actual Modifier Actual Modifier Actual Modifier
RELATIVE
ADJ EPS PERFORMANCE
ROIC


Formula A = (2,400/3*50%*.85) + (2,400/3*100%*1.00) + (2,400/3*120%*1.15)
     = 340 + 800 + 1,104 = 2,244 PRSUs
Formula B = 2,400 * 120% * 1.15 = 3,312 PRSUs    
Formula B > Formula A so,
Total PRSUs vested = 3,312 PRSUs

4.Vesting on Termination of Employment, Death, Disability, Retirement and Change in Control.
i.General. Unless otherwise provided in this Section 4, any unvested PRSUs shall be forfeited immediately upon the date that Participant terminates his or her Service or otherwise ceases to be a Participant Eligible to Vest (“Termination Date”). Unless otherwise expressly provided in this Agreement or determined by the Committee or its designee, Participant’s right to vest in the PRSUs under the Plan, if any, will terminate as of such Termination Date and will not be extended by any notice period.
ii.Participant’s Death. Notwithstanding any provision in the Plan to the contrary, if a Participant dies while providing Service, the PRSUs shall immediately vest based on the banked amounts for those Performance Year(s) completed and vest at Target for any uncompleted Performance Year. The vested portion of the PRSUs shall be delivered to the executor or administrator of Participant’s estate or, if none, to the person(s) entitled to receive the vested PRSUs under Participant’s will or the laws of descent or distribution, and the unvested portion of the PRSUs shall be forfeited
iii.Participant’s Disability. Notwithstanding any provision in the Plan to the contrary, if a Participant terminates Service due to Disability, the PRSUs shall vest in full based on the banked amounts for those Performance Year(s) completed and vest at Target for any uncompleted Performance Year.
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iv.Participant’s Retirement. If the Participant’s status as an employee of the Company and all Affiliates terminates by reason of a Covered Retirement, as defined below, the PRSUs shall immediately vest based on the banked amounts for those Performance Year(s) completed prior to the Participant’s date of retirement plus the pro-rata of the Target for any uncompleted Performance Year (number of days employed during the Performance Year divided 365 multiplied by the Target for the uncompleted Performance Year). For purposes hereof, a “Covered Retirement” is the voluntary termination of a Retirement Eligible Individual who has provided the Company not less than six months’ prior notice of such employee’s intent to retire from the Company or an Affiliate. A “Retirement Eligible Individual” means an employee of the Company or an Affiliate who has attained at least 55 years of age and who has a combined age and years of credited employment service with the Company and/or all Affiliates of 65 years. This Section 4(d) shall not apply to any termination of Service during the 12-month period following the Grant Date.
v.Qualifying Termination. Upon a Qualifying Termination, unvested PRSUs that otherwise would have vested within six months of the Participant’s Termination Date shall vest on the Participant’s Termination Date in full at the sum of the banked amounts for those Performance Year(s) completed (if any) plus Target for any uncompleted Performance Year(s). Qualifying Termination shall mean, with respect to the Participant, an involuntary termination of employment with the Company or its Affiliates other than a termination by reason of death, Disability, Covered Retirement, Change in Control, or for Cause.
vi.Change in Control. In the event of a Change in Control, the PRSU will convert to time-based RSUs based on the greater of (i) the sum of the Target for each Performance Year or (ii) the sum of the banked amounts plus Target for uncompleted Performance Year(s). Vesting of the time-based RSUs will assume the vesting schedule of the original PRSU award. The time-based RSUs as so converted:
i.Will automatically accelerate and vest in full if within the 24-month period following the Change in Control, the Participant is terminated by the Company or the continuing entity or any of its Affiliates without Cause;
ii.Will automatically accelerate and vest in full at the Change in Control if this Agreement is not assumed or replaced by the acquirer/continuing entity or replaced by other terms or awards deemed by the Compensation Committee to be appropriate; or
iii.Will vest on the third anniversary of the Grant Date, if vesting has not otherwise been accelerated as provided above.

5.Non-Transferability. This Agreement or the rights hereunder may not be Transferred.
6.No Dividends. Participant shall not be entitled to receive dividends or dividend equivalents with respect to the number of unvested Ordinary Shares covered by the PRSUs.
7.No Security Holder Rights. Participant shall have no rights as a security holder with respect to the unvested Ordinary Shares covered by the PRSUs.
8.Taxes. The Participant acknowledges that the Company has the right to require Participant to remit to the Company an amount sufficient to satisfy his or her minimum federal, state, local and foreign withholding tax requirements, or to deduct from all payments under the Plan amounts sufficient to satisfy such minimum withholding tax requirements. Participant further acknowledges that the ultimate liability for all federal, state, local and foreign income taxes, social insurance, payroll tax, or other tax-related items related to the Participant’s participation in the Plan is and
5



remains the Participant’s responsibility and may exceed the amount actually withheld by the Company.
9.Withholding. Participant authorizes the Company and/or its Subsidiaries, or their respective agents, at their discretion, to satisfy the Participant’s tax obligations that must be withheld by the Company and/or its Subsidiaries by withholding in Ordinary Shares to be issued upon vesting of the PRSUs, or in the sole discretion of the Company, by any other appropriate method.
10.Data Protection. Participant consents to the collection and processing of Personal data relating to the Participant so that the Company and its Affiliates can fulfill their obligations and exercise their rights under the Plan and generally administer and manage the Plan. “Personal data” shall include but may not be limited to, data about participation in the Plan and securities offered or received, purchased or sold under the Plan from time to time and other appropriate financial and other data (such as the date on which the PRSUs were granted, Participant’s name and address) about the Participant and his or her participation in the Plan. Participant accepts that the Personal data will be administered and processed by the Company or any other agent or person designated by the Company. Participant is entitled to request access to the data referring to the Participant and held by the Company and to request the amendment or deletion of such data. Participant also gives express consent to the Company to transfer and process his/her Personal data to the United States in accordance with the applicable laws and regulations of the United States even if the level of Personal data protection in the United States may be lower than in the Participant’s country. Participant acknowledges that he/she is free to withdraw his/her consent at any time.
11.Language. Participant acknowledges that the Plan and this Agreement are provided in English only and waives his/her right to translated Plan documentation.
12.Discretionary Nature of Benefit; No Right to Continued Employment; No Entitlement to Future Awards. Participant understands that under this Agreement, grants of PRSUs are made at the complete discretion of the Company pursuant to the Plan. The offer to participate in the Plan does not constitute an acquired right. Nothing in this Agreement shall confer on any Participant any right to continue in the employment of the Company or its Subsidiaries or interfere in any way with the right of the Company or its Subsidiaries to terminate such Participant’s employment at any time for any reason or to continue such Participant’s present (or any other) rate of compensation. The grant of the PRSUs under any award to any Participant is a one-time benefit and shall not create any rights in such Participant to any subsequent awards by the Company, no award hereunder shall be considered a condition of such Participant’s employment, and no profit with respect to an award shall be considered part of such Participant’s salary or compensation under any severance statute or other applicable law.
This Agreement may be executed in one or more counterparts (including by means of telecopied signature pages), all of which taken together shall constitute one and the same Agreement.
*    *    *    *






6




7



IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company, acting by and through its duly authorized officers, has executed this Agreement effective as of the date first above written.
SENSATA TECHNOLOGIES HOLDING PLC
By:

__________________________
Name: Jeff Cote
Title: CEO & President
Accepted and Agreed:

____________________________
%%FIRST_NAME%-% %%LAST_NAME%-%

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Annex A
Peer Group

IMAGE_11A.JPG

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Annex B
Calculation of Adjusted Earnings Per Share

Adjusted earnings per share (“Adjusted EPS”) is a non-GAAP financial measure1 reported in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K as well as in each of its quarterly earnings releases and earnings presentations.2

The Company defines Adjusted EPS as adjusted net income (“ANI”) divided by the dilutive weighted-average ordinary shares outstanding.

ANI is also a non-GAAP financial measure, and the Company defines ANI as net income (or loss), determined in accordance with GAAP, adjusted to exclude the following items: (i) Restructuring related and other3, (ii) Financing and other transaction costs4, (iii) Step-up depreciation and amortization5, (iv) Deferred loss/(gain), net on derivative instruments6, (v) Amortization of debt issuance costs7, and (vi) Deferred taxes and other tax related8.

Dilutive weighted-average ordinary shares is a financial measure calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP9.

1     Refers to a financial measure calculated and presented on the basis of methodologies other than in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”).
2     Each of our Annual Reports on Form 10-K, quarterly earnings releases, and quarterly earnings presentations can be found in the “Investor Relations” section of the Company’s website, www.investors.sensata.com. Copies of our Annual Report on Form 10-K and our quarterly earnings releases can also be obtained from the SEC website, www.sec.gov.
3     Includes, for example, (i) amounts calculated in accordance with GAAP and presented in the ‘Restructuring and other charges, net’ line of the Company’s consolidated statement of operations, (ii) amounts recognized in the Company’s consolidated statement of operations that relate to contingent liabilities assumed in connection with a business combination, and (iii) other income, expenses, gains, and losses that relate to planned strategic actions or material transactions that management believes are either unique or unusual, or that impact the comparability of the Company’s operating results relative to prior period operating results or forecasted results.
4     Includes, for example, (i) the net loss (or gain) on debt financing, (ii) losses (or gains) related to the divestiture of a business, and (iii) transaction costs recognized in connection with a business combination transaction, each of which is calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP.
5     Refers to depreciation and amortization expense related to the step-up (or step-down) in value of tangible and intangible assets that are recognized in connection with business combination and asset acquisition transactions (i.e., as those terms are defined in GAAP).
6     Primarily includes the net loss (or gain) on commodity forward contracts, as calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP.
7     As calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP.
8     Refers to (i) the deferred provision for/(benefit from) income taxes, as calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP, (ii) adjustments to unrecognized tax benefits that are recognized in the Company’s consolidated statement of operations, and (iii) withholding tax expense associated with the repatriation of the cash.
9     However, and for the avoidance of doubt, if in a particular period the Company reports a net loss, calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP, certain adjustments are made to account for the dilutive and anti-dilutive effects of potentially outstanding equity securities.

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Annex C
ROIC

ROIC = NOPAT divided by Total Invested Capital
NOPAT = adjusted EBIT minus adjusted taxes
Total Invested Capital = Average Trailing 5 Quarters of (Shareholder Equity + Total Long-Term Debt + Deferred Taxes) minus (Long-Term Capital Leases & Other Obligations)






11

Execution Version






SECURITIES PURCHASE AGREEMENT
by and among
XIRGO TECHNOLOGIES INTERMEDIATE HOLDINGS, LLC,
XIRGO HOLDINGS, INC.,
THE BLOCKER SELLERS,
THE COMPANY SELLERS LISTED ON THE SIGNATURE PAGES HERETO,
THE COMPANY OPTION HOLDERS DELIVERING OPTION CANCELLATION AND JOINDER AGREEMENTS,
SENSATA TECHNOLOGIES, INC.,
and
THE SELLER REPRESENTATIVE IDENTIFIED HEREIN

dated as of
February 11, 2021




Table of Contents
Page
1.    PURCHASE AND SALE OF ACQUIRED SECURITIES
1
1.1    Agreement to Sell and Purchase
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2.    PURCHASE PRICE; PAYMENT
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2.1    Purchase Price
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2.2    Estimated Closing Statement; Closing Consideration Allocation Certificate and Funds Flow
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2.3    Closing Payments
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2.4    Post-Closing Reconciliation
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2.5    Payment of Final Purchase Price Adjustment
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2.6    Accounting Principles
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2.7    PPP Loan
9
2.8    Indemnity Escrow Account
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EXHIBITS

Exhibit A    –    Sample Working Capital Calculation
Exhibit B    –    Form of Stock Power
Exhibit C     –    Form of Option Cancellation and Joinder Agreement
Exhibit D         –    Allocation Methodology
Exhibit E        –    R&W Insurance Policy
Exhibit F        –    Xirgo Retention Bonus Plan

SCHEDULES

Schedule A        –    [RESERVED]
Schedule B        –    Purchased Units Purchase Price Allocation
Schedule C        –    Blocker Sellers
Schedule D         –    Resigning Persons



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SECURITIES PURCHASE AGREEMENT
    THIS SECURITIES PURCHASE AGREEMENT (this “Agreement”) is entered into and effective as of February 11, 2021, by and among (i) Xirgo Technologies Intermediate Holdings, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the “Company”), (ii) Xirgo Holdings, Inc., an Indiana corporation (“Blocker”), (iii) the Blocker Sellers (as defined in Section 13.15), (iv) the Company sellers listed on the signature pages hereto (each individually a “Company Seller”, and collectively, the “Company Sellers” and together with the Blocker Sellers, the “Sellers”), (v) the Company Option Holders (as defined in Section 13.15) delivering Option Cancellation and Joinder Agreements, (vi) Sensata Technologies, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“Buyer”), and (vii) Hammond, Kennedy, Whitney & Company, Inc., a New York corporation, solely in its capacity as the Seller Representative. Capitalized terms used but not otherwise defined in this Agreement shall have the respective meanings assigned to such terms in Section 13.15.
    WHEREAS, the Sellers constitute, directly or indirectly (in the case of the Blocker Sellers), all of the members of the Company and are, collectively, the record and beneficial owners, directly or indirectly (in the case of the Blocker Sellers), of all of the issued and outstanding Class A Units of the Company (the “Class A Units”), and the Class B Units of the Company (the “Class B Units” and together with the Class A Units, the “Units”);
    WHEREAS, the Blocker Sellers constitute all of the stockholders of the Blocker and are, collectively, the record and beneficial owners of all of the issued and outstanding capital stock of the Blocker (the “Blocker Shares”); and
    WHEREAS, on the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in this Agreement, (i) Buyer desires to purchase from the Blocker Sellers, and the Blocker Sellers desire to sell to Buyer, all of the Blocker Shares, and (ii) Buyer desires to purchase from the Company Sellers, and the Company Sellers desire to sell to Buyer, all of the Units held by the Company Sellers (the “Purchased Units”, and together with the Blocker Shares, collectively, the “Acquired Securities”), in each case as of the Closing for the consideration described herein.
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the foregoing and the representations, warranties, covenants and agreements set forth in this Agreement, and other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which is hereby acknowledged, the Parties agree as follows:
1.    PURCHASE AND SALE OF ACQUIRED SECURITIES
1.1    Agreement to Sell and Purchase. Upon the terms set forth in this Agreement, at the Closing, (a) each Blocker Seller will sell and transfer to Buyer, and Buyer will purchase and acquire from such Blocker Seller, all right, title and interest of such Blocker Seller in and to the Blocker Shares held by such Blocker Seller, free and clear of all Liens, other than Permitted Equity Liens, and (b) each Company Seller will sell and transfer to Buyer, and Buyer will purchase and acquire from such Company Seller, all right, title and interest of such Company Seller in and to the Purchased Units held by such Company Seller, free and clear of all Liens, other than Permitted Equity Liens.
1.2    Cancellation of Company Options. Upon the terms set forth in this Agreement, at the Closing, each Company Option shall be canceled and terminated pursuant to the Option Cancellation and Joinder Agreements in exchange for the right of the Company Option Holder thereof to receive the portion of the payment due to such Company Option Holder under this Agreement that is attributable to the Company Options held by such Company Option Holder.



2.    PURCHASE PRICE; PAYMENT
2.1    Purchase Price. The aggregate purchase price for the Acquired Securities (the “Purchase Price”) shall be calculated according to the methods and procedures in this Article 2 and shall be an amount equal to (a) $400,000,000 (the “Base Purchase Price”); (b) plus the Final Company Closing Cash Amount; (c) plus the Final Blocker Closing Cash Amount, (d) plus the amount, if any, by which the Final Adjusted Net Working Capital Amount is greater than the Adjusted Net Working Capital Target or minus the amount, if any, by which the Final Adjusted Net Working Capital Amount is less than the Adjusted Net Working Capital Target; (e) minus the Final Indebtedness Amount; and (f) minus the Final Seller Transaction Expenses Amount.
2.2    Estimated Closing Statement; Closing Consideration Allocation Certificate and Funds Flow.
(a)    Estimated Closing Statement. At least two (2) Business Days prior to the Closing Date (but not earlier than five (5) Business Days prior to the Closing Date), the Company shall deliver to Buyer a statement (the “Estimated Closing Statement”), that sets forth the Company’s good-faith estimate and calculation of each of the following, together with reasonably detailed documentation supporting each calculation:
(i)    the aggregate amount of Closing Cash of the Company Entities (the “Estimated Company Closing Cash Amount”);
(ii)    the aggregate amount of Closing Cash of Blocker (the “Estimated Blocker Closing Cash Amount”);
(iii)    the amount of the Adjusted Net Working Capital as of the Adjustment Time (the “Estimated Adjusted Net Working Capital Amount”);
(iv)    the aggregate amount of all Indebtedness (excluding the PPP Loan Amount if outstanding as of the Closing Date) of the Acquired Companies that is outstanding and unpaid as of the Closing (the “Estimated Indebtedness Amount”);
(v)    the aggregate amount of all Seller Transaction Expenses outstanding and unpaid as of the Closing (the “Estimated Seller Transaction Expense Amount”);
(vi)    the amount and calculation of the estimated purchase price (the “Estimated Purchase Price”), which shall be an amount equal to the sum of (A) the Base Purchase Price, (B) plus the Estimated Company Closing Cash Amount, (C) plus the Estimated Blocker Closing Cash Amount, (D) plus the amount, if any, by which the Estimated Adjusted Net Working Capital Amount exceeds the Adjusted Net Working Capital Target or minus the amount, if any, by which the Estimated Adjusted Net Working Capital Amount is less than the Adjusted Net Working Capital Target, (E) minus the Estimated Indebtedness Amount, and (F) minus the Estimated Seller Transaction Expense Amount; and
(vii)    the amount and calculation of the Closing Consideration Amount (the “Estimated Closing Consideration Amount”), which shall be calculated based upon the Company’s good-faith calculation of the actual component amounts pursuant to this Section 2.2(a).
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Following delivery of the Estimated Closing Statement, the Sellers and the Acquired Companies shall provide Buyer with reasonably prompt access to any information that Buyer shall reasonably request for purposes of validating the information and calculations in the Estimated Closing Statement and related supporting documentation, and the Company shall consider in good faith any comments Buyer may have to correct such amounts.
(b)    Closing Consideration Allocation Certificate. At least three (3) Business Days prior to the Closing Date (but not earlier than five (5) Business Days prior to the Closing Date), the Company shall deliver to Buyer a certificate, signed by the Company’s chief financial officer and chief executive officer (the “Closing Consideration Allocation Certificate”), which shall set forth, as of the immediately prior to the Closing, the following:
(i)    the name and physical address or email address, if known, of each Company Securityholder and (A) the number, class and series of Purchased Units held, directly or indirectly, by such Person, if any, (B) the number, class and series of Blocker Shares held, directly or indirectly, by such Person, if any, and (C) the number of outstanding Company Options, Company Option Units, the portion of the Aggregate Exercise Price and grant date, in each case, as applicable to such Person (on a Company Option by Company Option basis), if any;
(ii)    with respect to each Company Option held by a Company Option Holder, whether such Company Option Holder was an employee of the Company as of the Closing Date or at any point during the term of such Company Option, and whether such Company Option Holder’s compensation is required to be reported as “guaranteed payments for services” on IRS Schedule K-1 (Form 1065);
(iii)    each Company Securityholder’s applicable portion of the Estimated Closing Consideration Amount, determined in accordance with the Allocation Methodology, expressed as a Dollar amount and as a percentage, before any Tax withholdings (which amount will be calculated in accordance with the provisions of the applicable Organizational Documents of the relevant Acquired Company in effect immediately prior to the Closing, Law, the Company Options, and the terms and conditions of this Agreement) in respect of each of (A) such Purchased Units, (B) such Blocker Shares, and (C) such Company Options;
(iv)    each Company Securityholder’s applicable portion (on an estimated basis as if the full amount thereof is paid) of the Adjustment Escrow Amount, Indemnity Escrow Amount, PPP Loan Escrow Amount and the Representative Expense Fund Amount, in each case, determined in accordance with the Allocation Methodology and expressed in Dollars and as a percentage;
(v)    each Company Securityholder’s Indemnification Pro Rata Percentage for indemnification claims under Section 9.1 as of such date (which Indemnification Pro Rata Percentages shall be equal, in the aggregate, to 100%);
(vi)    each Blocker Seller’s Indemnification Pro Rata Percentage for indemnification claims under to Section 9.3 (which Indemnification Pro Rata Percentages shall be equal, in the aggregate, to 100%);
(vii)    the calculation of the Estimated Closing Consideration Amount (including each component thereof); and
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(viii)    a separate column that indicates whether the Company Securityholder will be paid through the Paying Agent or through the applicable Acquired Company payroll provider.
    In no event shall Buyer be required to make, or cause to be made, any payments under this Article 2 unless and until the Closing Consideration Allocation Certificate has been executed and delivered by the Company. The Parties agree that Buyer and the Paying Agent shall be entitled to rely on the Closing Consideration Allocation Certificate in making payments under Article 2, and Buyer and the Paying Agent shall not be responsible for the calculations or the determinations regarding such calculations in such Closing Consideration Allocation Certificate including any errors therein.
(c)    Funds Flow Memorandum. On or prior to the Closing Date, Buyer and the Company shall prepare a mutually agreeable funds flow memorandum (the “Funds Flow Memorandum”), setting forth the amounts to be paid pursuant to Section 2.3 (which shall be consistent with the Closing Consideration Allocation Certificate following any adjustments made thereto in accordance with Section 2.2(a)) and the wire transfer instructions for each payee thereunder.
2.3    Closing Payments. Following, and taking into account, any mutually agreed upon adjustments made in accordance with Section 2.2(a):
(a)    Payment of Estimated Indebtedness Amount. At the Closing, Buyer shall deliver and pay to the applicable obligees (other than any payments which would constitute compensatory payments to employees), for and on behalf of the Company Entities and Blocker, amounts sufficient to pay each item of Indebtedness included in the calculation of the Estimated Indebtedness Amount in accordance with payoff letters in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to Buyer (the “Payoff Letters”), and delivered by the applicable obligees to Buyer at least two (2) Business Days prior to the Closing Date, in full satisfaction and retirement of such Indebtedness, as set forth in the Estimated Closing Statement and the Funds Flow Memorandum.
(b)    Payment of Estimated Seller Transaction Expense Amount. At the Closing, (i) Buyer shall deliver and pay to the applicable obligees (other than any payments which would constitute compensatory payments or remittances of payroll Taxes related thereto or payments made in respect of Company Options or K-1 Option Holder Self-Employment Taxes), for and on behalf of the Company Entities, amounts sufficient to pay each Seller Transaction Expense included in the calculation of the Estimated Seller Transaction Expense Amount as set forth in the Estimated Closing Statement and the Funds Flow Memorandum, and (ii) Buyer shall deliver and pay to the Company (or its applicable payroll provider) any Seller Transaction Expenses that constitute compensatory payments or remittances of payroll Taxes related thereto or payments made in respect of Company Options or K-1 Option Holder Self-Employment Taxes, and Buyer shall cause the Company to pay through payroll to the applicable obligees, amounts sufficient to pay each Seller Transaction Expense that constitutes a compensatory payment and is included in the calculation of the Estimated Seller Transaction Expense Amount, as set forth in the Estimated Closing Statement and the Funds Flow Memorandum. Any compensatory payments shall be paid to the applicable recipients no later than the next regularly scheduled payroll date following the Closing.
(c)    Escrow Deposits. At the Closing, (i) a portion of the Purchase Price in an amount equal to one million dollars ($1,000,000) (the “Adjustment Escrow Amount”) shall not be paid to the Company Securityholders, but shall instead be deposited with the Escrow Agent to be held in a segregated, interest-bearing escrow account on behalf of the Company Securityholders pursuant to and in accordance with the terms of the Escrow Agreement (the “Adjustment Escrow Account”), and distributed
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in accordance therewith, (ii) a portion of the Purchase Price in an amount equal to eight million dollars ($8,000,000) (the “Indemnity Escrow Amount”) shall not be paid to the Company Securityholders, but shall instead be deposited with the Escrow Agent to be held in a segregated, interest-bearing escrow account on behalf of the Company Securityholders pursuant to and in accordance with the terms of the Escrow Agreement (the “Indemnity Escrow Account”), and distributed in accordance therewith, (iii) a portion of the Purchase Price in an amount equal to seven million dollars ($7,000,000.00) (the “Retention Bonus Escrow Amount”) shall not be paid to the Company Securityholders, but shall instead be deposited with the Escrow Agent to be held in a segregated, interest-bearing escrow account on behalf of the Company Securityholders pursuant to and in accordance with the terms of the Escrow Agreement (the “Retention Bonus Escrow Account”), and distributed in accordance therewith; and (iv) in the event the PPP Loan remains outstanding as of the Closing Date, a portion of the Purchase Price in an amount equal to the PPP Loan Escrow Amount shall not be paid to the Company Securityholders, but shall instead be deposited with the Escrow Agent to be held in an escrow account on behalf of XIRGO Technologies, LLC pursuant to and in accordance with the terms of the PPP Loan Escrow Agreement, and distributed in accordance therewith and herewith.
(d)    Representative Expense Fund Amount Deposit. At the Closing, a portion of the Purchase Price in an amount equal to three million dollars ($3,000,000.00) (the “Representative Expense Fund Amount”), shall not be paid to the Company Securityholders, but shall instead be deposited with the Seller Representative to be held, used and distributed in accordance with on behalf of the Company Securityholders pursuant to and in accordance with Article 11. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, the Seller Representative covenants and agrees that it shall not expend or disburse, and shall maintain in a separate account, no less than two million, five hundred thousand of such Representative Expense Fund Amount to be available to potentially fund a portion of an Excess Payment Amount in accordance with Section 2.5(b) until such time as the Final Purchase Price has been determined and any Excess Payment Amount has been fully funded in accordance with such Section 2.5(b).
(e)    Payment of Estimated Closing Consideration Amount. Subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement, at the Closing, Buyer shall pay or cause to be paid to the Paying Agent (for further distribution to the Company Securityholders in accordance with the Closing Consideration Allocation Certificate and Allocation Methodology) the Estimated Closing Consideration Amount (less any amounts payable to any Company Securityholder in respect of such Company Securityholder’s Company Options, which is subject to clause (f) below).
(f)    Payment in Respect of Company Option Holders. Subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement, at the Closing, Buyer shall deliver and pay to the Company (or its applicable payroll provider) the portion of the Estimated Closing Consideration Amount payable in respect of Company Options, including K-1 Option Holder Self-Employment Taxes (as reflected in the Closing Consideration Allocation Certificate), and Buyer shall cause the Company to pay through payroll to the applicable Company Option Holders such Person’s amount payable in respect of his or her Company Options as set forth in the Closing Consideration Allocation Certificate. Such payments in respect of Company Options shall be paid to the applicable Company Option Holders (subject, in the case of payments in respect of Company Options, to the prior execution and delivery of an Option Cancellation and Joinder Agreement by the recipients thereof) no later than the next regularly scheduled payroll date following the Closing. The payment to each Company Option Holder, in respect of his or her Company Options, whose compensation is required to be reported as “guaranteed payments for services” on IRS Schedule K-1 (Form 1065), shall include an amount equal to the K-1 Option Holder Self-Employment Taxes attributable to the amount payable in respect of such Company Options.
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2.4    Post-Closing Reconciliation.
(a)    Preliminary Closing Statement. Not more than ninety (90) days following the Closing Date, Buyer shall prepare, or cause to be prepared, and deliver to the Seller Representative a statement (the “Preliminary Closing Statement”), in form substantially similar to the Estimated Closing Statement, setting forth Buyer’s good-faith calculation of each of the following, together with reasonably detailed documentation supporting each calculation:
(i)    the actual amount of Closing Cash of the Company Entities;
(ii)    the actual amount of Closing Cash of Blocker;
(iii)    the actual amount of the Adjusted Net Working Capital as of the Adjustment Time;
(iv)    the actual aggregate amount of all Indebtedness (excluding the PPP Loan Amount if outstanding as of the Closing Date) of the Acquired Companies that is outstanding and unpaid as of the Closing;
(v)    the actual aggregate amount of all Seller Transaction Expenses outstanding and unpaid as of the Closing;
(vi)    the actual amount and calculation of the Purchase Price based on the foregoing components (the “Preliminary Purchase Price”); and
(vii)    the actual amount and calculation of the Closing Consideration Amount, which shall be calculated based upon Buyer’s good-faith calculation of the actual component amounts pursuant to this Section 2.4(a).
(b)    Objection to Preliminary Closing Statement. After the Preliminary Closing Statement is delivered to the Seller Representative pursuant to Section 2.4(a), the Seller Representative shall have thirty (30) days (the “Response Period”) to review, request additional information and clarification regarding and respond to the Preliminary Closing Statement in accordance with this Section 2.4(b). During the Response Period, Buyer shall provide reasonably prompt access, during normal business hours, to any information and personnel of the Company that the Seller Representative shall reasonably request for purposes of validating the information and calculations in the Preliminary Closing Statement and related supporting documentation. If the Seller Representative objects to any of the amounts or calculations set forth on the Preliminary Closing Statement, then the Seller Representative shall notify Buyer on or before the last day of the Response Period by delivering written notice to Buyer (a “Statement Objection”), setting forth a reasonably specific description of the basis of the Statement Objection and the proposed adjustments to the Preliminary Closing Statement that the Seller Representative believes should be made. If no Statement Objection is delivered to Buyer within the Response Period, then the Seller Representative and Buyer shall be deemed to have agreed to the Preliminary Closing Statement for purposes of this Section 2.4(b).
(c)    Dispute Resolution Following Statement Objection.
(i)    If the Seller Representative delivers a Statement Objection within the Response Period pursuant to Section 2.4(b), then Representatives of the Seller Representative and Buyer shall promptly meet (in person, by telephone or any other mutually convenient medium agreed upon by Buyer and the Seller Representative) and attempt in good faith to resolve any
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dispute or disagreement relating to the Preliminary Closing Statement, the amount and calculation of the Preliminary Purchase Price or the amount and calculation of any of the component amounts set forth in the Preliminary Closing Statement (a “Statement Dispute”).
(ii)    If the representatives of the Seller Representative and Buyer are unable to resolve the Statement Dispute within thirty (30) days following the Seller Representative’s delivery of a Statement Objection pursuant to Section 2.4(b), then, within fifteen (15) days following the end of such thirty- (30-) day period, Buyer or the Seller Representative may elect to have the Statement Dispute resolved by BDO USA LLP or another nationally or regionally recognized firm of independent certified public accountants to which Buyer and the Seller Representative mutually agree (the “CPA Firm”), which shall, acting as expert and not as an arbitrator, resolve the Statement Dispute solely on the basis of the standards, methods, definitions and procedures set forth in this Agreement and the Exhibits attached hereto and otherwise according to the rules and procedures (to the extent consistent with this Agreement) set forth in an engagement letter to be entered into among Buyer, the Seller Representative and the CPA Firm (the “Engagement Letter”). The Engagement Letter shall provide that: (A) the scope of the resolution conducted by the CPA Firm shall be limited solely to the Statement Dispute and that the CPA Firm shall not conduct a review nor render a decision on any other items; (B) the CPA Firm shall deliver to Buyer and the Seller Representative, as promptly as reasonably practicable and in any event within the timelines specified in the Engagement Letter, a written report setting forth its determination as to each Statement Dispute, which shall be the position of Buyer reflected in the Preliminary Closing Statement, the position of the Seller Representative reflected in the Statement Objection or a position in between such positions of Buyer and the Seller Representative, and may not be an alternative resolution, along with an allocation of its fees and expenses in accordance with clause (iii) below; and (C) the CPA Firm shall make its determination based solely on information provided by Buyer and the Seller Representative and not pursuant to any independent review. The final decision of the CPA Firm shall, absent fraud or manifest error, be final and binding on and enforceable by the Parties, shall be non-appealable and, notwithstanding that the CPA Firm is acting as an expert and not as an arbitrator, may be enforced by a court of competent jurisdiction in the same manner as though determined and rendered in binding arbitration.
(iii)    All fees and expenses of the CPA Firm in connection with its services provided pursuant to Section 2.4(c) shall be paid by Buyer, on the one hand, and the Company Securityholders, on the other hand, in proportion to the amounts by which their aggregate positions in the Preliminary Closing Statement and the Statement Objection, respectively, differ from the CPA Firm’s final aggregate determination. Any obligations of the Company Securityholders under this Section 2.4(c), including any fees and expenses paid to the CPA Firm in advance of the CPA Firm’s final determination, shall be paid by the Seller Representative, on behalf of the Company Securityholders.
(d)    Final Closing Statement. The actual and final amount of (i) Closing Cash of the Company (the “Final Company Closing Cash Amount”), (ii) Closing Cash of Blocker (the “Final Blocker Closing Cash Amount”), (iii) Adjusted Net Working Capital as of the Adjustment Time (the “Final Adjusted Net Working Capital Amount”), (iv) Indebtedness of the Acquired Companies (excluding the PPP Loan Amount if outstanding as of the Closing Date) outstanding and unpaid as of the Closing (the “Final Indebtedness Amount”), and (v) Seller Transaction Expenses outstanding and unpaid as of the Closing (the “Final Seller Transaction Expense Amount”) will be deemed to be:
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(i)    as set forth in the Preliminary Closing Statement, with respect to those items for which the Seller Representative does not, or otherwise fails to, deliver a Statement Objection during the Response Period in accordance with Section 2.4(b);
(ii)    as determined by the CPA Firm, with respect to the items in the Statement Dispute submitted to the CPA Firm for final resolution pursuant to Section 2.4(c); and
(iii)    notwithstanding the foregoing, as mutually agreed in writing by Buyer and the Seller Representative.
The “Final Closing Statement” shall mean (I) the Preliminary Closing Statement, if the Seller Representative does not deliver a Statement Objection during the Response Period in accordance with Section 2.4(b); or (II) the Preliminary Closing Statement as adjusted pursuant to this Section 2.4(d), if the Seller Representative delivers a Statement Objection during the Response Period in accordance with Section 2.4(b). The Final Closing Statement shall set forth the amount and calculation of (i) the “Final Purchase Price,” which shall be an amount equal to the sum of (A) the Base Purchase Price, (B) plus the Final Company Closing Cash Amount, (C) plus the Final Blocker Closing Cash Amount, (D) plus the amount, if any, by which the Final Adjusted Net Working Capital Amount exceeds the Adjusted Net Working Capital Target or minus the amount, if any, by which the Final Adjusted Net Working Capital Amount exceeds the Adjusted Net Working Capital Target, (E) minus the Final Indebtedness Amount, and (F) minus the Final Seller Transaction Expense Amount; and (ii) the final calculation of the Closing Consideration Amount, which shall be an amount equal to the sum of (A) the Final Purchase Price, (B) minus the Adjustment Escrow Amount, (C) minus the Indemnity Escrow Amount, (D) minus the Retention Bonus Escrow Amount, (E) minus the PPP Loan Escrow Amount (in the event the PPP Loan remains outstanding as of the Closing Date), and (F) minus the Representative Expense Fund Amount.
2.5    Payment of Final Purchase Price Adjustment.
(a)    Adjustment to Company Securityholders. If the Final Purchase Price, as set forth on the Final Closing Statement, is greater than the Estimated Purchase Price, as set forth on the Estimated Closing Statement, then the Company shall, within five (5) Business Days after determination of the Final Closing Statement, pay to the Paying Agent (for further distribution to the Company Securityholders in accordance with the Closing Consideration Allocation Certificate and Allocation Methodology) an amount equal to the difference of the Final Purchase Price minus the Estimated Purchase Price (such amount, the “Positive Adjustment Amount”); provided that, (i) the Positive Adjustment Amount shall be reduced by an amount equal to the employer portion of any payroll, social security, unemployment and similar Taxes payable with respect to any portion of the Positive Adjustment Amount payable in respect of the Company Options and associated K-1 Option Holder Self-Employment Taxes, and (ii) the portion of the Positive Adjustment Amount payable in respect of the Company Options shall not be paid to the Paying Agent and shall be retained by the Company, and Buyer shall cause the Company to pay through payroll to the applicable Company Option Holder his or her portion of the Positive Adjustment Amount payable in respect of his or her Company Options. Such payments in respect of Company Options shall be paid to the applicable Company Option Holders no later than the next regularly scheduled pay date following the date of payment to the Paying Agent under this paragraph. The payment to each Company Option Holder, in respect of his or her Company Options, whose compensation is required to be reported as “guaranteed payments for services” on IRS Schedule K-1 (Form 1065), shall include an amount equal to the K-1 Option Holder Self-Employment Taxes attributable to the amount payable in respect of such Company Options.
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(b)    Adjustment to Buyer. If the Final Purchase Price, as set forth on the Final Closing Statement, is less than the Estimated Purchase Price, as set forth on the Estimated Closing Statement (such amount, the “Excess Payment Amount”), then Buyer and the Seller Representative shall promptly, but in any event within five (5) Business Days after determination of the Final Closing Statement, instruct the Escrow Agent to release and pay to Buyer from the Adjustment Escrow Account an amount equal to the lesser of (i) the then-current balance of the Adjustment Escrow Account, and (ii) the Excess Payment Amount. To the extent the balance of the Adjustment Escrow Account is insufficient to pay Buyer the full Excess Payment Amount, then, in addition to the payment of the entire balance of the Adjustment Escrow Account to Buyer, (A) the Seller Representative shall, within five (5) Business Days after determination of the Final Closing Statement, pay to Buyer, an amount equal to the balance of such Excess Payment Amount not satisfied from the Adjustment Escrow Account, up to $2,500,000, from that portion of the Representative Expense Fund Amount which has been segregated for such purpose, and (B) to the extent the Adjustment Escrow Account balance and such payment from the Seller Representative are insufficient to pay Buyer the full Excess Payment Amount, Buyer shall have the right to make a claim for any portion of remaining deficiency allocable to any Company Security holder either against that portion of the Indemnity Escrow Amount allocable to such Company Securityholder and/or to seek payment of such remaining deficiency directly from such Company Securityholder. The Company Securityholders’ respective obligations with respect to payment of the Excess Payment Amount shall be based on their respective Indemnification Pro Rata Percentages, which for the avoidance of doubt, shall be calculated as provided in clause (a) of the definition thereof).
(c)    Adjustment Escrow Release. Upon payment of the Purchase Price adjustment payment contemplated by this Section 2.5, Buyer and the Seller Representative shall promptly instruct the Escrow Agent to release and pay to the Paying Agent (for further distribution to the Company Securityholders in accordance with the Closing Consideration Allocation Certificate and Allocation Methodology) the remaining balance of the Adjustment Escrow Account (following any release to the Buyer in accordance with Section 2.5(b) above), if any.
2.6    Accounting Principles. Each of the Estimated Closing Statement, the Preliminary Closing Statement, the Final Closing Statement and the calculations of Closing Cash, Adjusted Net Working Capital, Indebtedness of the Company Entities (excluding the PPP Loan Amount if outstanding as of the Closing Date), and Seller Transaction Expenses reflected therein shall be prepared and presented without giving effect to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, in accordance with GAAP, and only to the extent consistent with GAAP, subject to, and in a manner consistent with, the accounting methods, policies, practices, principles and procedures, with consistent classifications, judgments and valuation and estimation methodologies, that were used in the preparation of the Financial Statements and, with respect to Adjusted Net Working Capital, the sample calculated set forth in Exhibit A to this Agreement.
2.7    PPP Loan.
(a)    From and after the Closing, in the event that the PPP Loan is not forgiven by the US Small Business Administration prior to the Closing Date, Buyer shall, and shall cause the Company Entities to, (i) use commercially reasonable efforts, at the Seller Representative’s expense on behalf of the Company Securityholders (with respect to any reasonable, documented, out-of-pocket costs incurred by Buyer or the Company Entities following the Closing) which Company Securityholders’ liability shall, for the avoidance of doubt, be calculated as provided in clause (a) of the definition of Indemnification Pro Rata Percentages, to promptly cooperate with the Seller Representative’s reasonable requests in connection with the filing of documents and responding to requests for information required by any Governmental Entity or the PPP Lender in respect of the PPP Loan, including any documents or
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information required to claim forgiveness of all or any portion of the PPP Loan, (ii) promptly inform and deliver to the Seller Representative copies of any and all written communications received from, or provided to, any Governmental Entity or the PPP Lender in respect of the PPP Loan, (iii) reasonably cooperate with and permit the Seller Representative and its Representatives to review and provide input on any such communication (including any filings or other written correspondence), the documents and information filed pursuant to the foregoing clause (ii) or proposed meetings with any Governmental Entity or lender in respect of the PPP Loan; and (iv) to the extent consistent with applicable Law, at the sole expense and direction of the Seller Representative (for and on behalf of the Company Securityholders), pursue any appeal of any adverse determination by the PPP Lender or the US Small Business Administration regarding any application for forgiveness of the PPP Loan so long as the Seller Representative makes a determination in good faith that the Company Entities have a reasonably likelihood of success in such appeal. Notwithstanding the foregoing, for the avoidance of doubt, under no circumstances will the Buyer or any Company Entity be required to make any payments in respect of any PPP Loan other than through a disbursement of the PPP Loan Escrow Amount.
(b)    Following the Closing Date, in the event that the PPP Loan is not forgiven by the US Small Business Administration prior to the Closing Date, following receipt by the Company Entities of a final determination by the US Small Business Administration as to the forgiveness of the PPP Loan, the Buyer shall cause the Company Entities to instruct the PPP Loan Escrow Agent to, within (5) Business Days after the determination thereof, (i) pay to the PPP Lender solely from the PPP Loan Escrow Amount the amount, if any, equal to the amount of the PPP Loan finally determined to be non-forgivable Indebtedness, plus all accrued and unpaid interest and fees thereon, by wire transfer of immediately available funds to an account designated in writing by the PPP Lender, and (ii) pay the remaining portion of the PPP Loan Escrow Amount, if any, by wire transfer of immediately available funds to the Paying Agent (or, if the PPP Loan Escrow Agent requires that such funds be disbursed to a Company Entity, Buyer shall cause such Company Entity to promptly remit such funds to the Paying Agent), who shall distribute such amount to the Company Securityholders in accordance with their Allocated Percentages, provided, that the portion of any PPP Loan to be distributed to the Company Securityholders in accordance with clause (ii) shall be net of Tax costs to Buyer and its Affiliates (including the Company and Blocker), if any, resulting from the forgiveness of the PPP Loan and the amount of any such Tax costs shall be distributed to the Buyer (or, if the PPP Loan Escrow Agent requires that such funds be disbursed to a Company Entity, to such Company Entity).
2.8    Indemnity Escrow Account. Pursuant to Section 2.3(c), at the Closing, Buyer shall deposit the Indemnity Escrow Amount with the Escrow Agent to be held in the Indemnity Escrow Account. The Escrow Agreement shall provide that the Indemnity Escrow Account shall remain open for forty-two (42) months following the Closing Date and shall permit the Buyer Indemnified Parties to seek recovery therefrom for claims made under Article 9 herein (subject to the limitations set forth in this Agreement). The Escrow Agreement shall provide that (i) upon the date that is forty-two (42) months after the Closing Date, the remaining balance of the Indemnity Escrow Account, less the estimated amount of open claims made as of such date, shall be distributed to the Paying Agent, who shall distribute such amount to the Company Securityholders in accordance with their Allocated Percentages, and (ii) that upon the making of the final payment required to be made under the Owlcam Earn-Out (or upon final determination that no such payment is required), Buyer and the Seller Representative shall jointly instruct the Escrow Agent to disburse an amount equal to $2,000,000.00 less the aggregate payments made from the Indemnity Escrow Account in respect of the Owlcam Earn-Out, to the Paying Agent, who shall distribute such amount to the Company Securityholders in accordance with their Allocated Percentages.
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2.9    Retention Bonus Escrow Account. Pursuant to Section 2.3(c), at the Closing, Buyer shall deposit the Retention Bonus Escrow Amount with the Escrow Agent to be held in the Retention Bonus Escrow Account. The Retention Bonus Escrow Amount shall serve as the sole source of funding of the Xirgo Retention Bonus Plan, other than with respect to the employer’s portion of any payroll taxes applicable to payments made thereunder. Promptly upon a Participant (as defined in the Xirgo Retention Bonus Plan) becoming entitled to receive a Retention Bonus (as defined in the Xirgo Retention Bonus Plan), Buyer shall, or shall cause a Company Entity to, give notice of such entitlement to the Seller Representative and Buyer and the Seller Representative shall, within five (5) Business Days of such notice, jointly instruct the Escrow Agent to disburse the gross amount of such Retention Bonus to the appropriate Company Entity for the purpose of paying such Retention Bonus. Promptly following the second (2nd) anniversary of the Closing Date, Buyer and the Seller Representative shall jointly instruct the Escrow Agent to distribute the remaining balance of the Retention Bonus Escrow Account (after giving effect to any distribution necessary to fund Retention Bonuses earned) to the Paying Agent, who shall distribute such amount to the Company Securityholders in accordance with their Allocated Percentages; provided that, (a) any such amounts required to be distributed to the Company Options Holders in respect of the Company Options shall be disbursed to a Company Entity so such amounts may be distributed to the Company Option Holder through such Company Entity’s payroll, (b) the payment to each Company Option Holder, in respect of his or her Company Options, whose compensation is required to be reported as “guaranteed payments for services” on IRS Schedule K-1 (Form 1065), shall include an amount equal to the K-1 Option Holder Self-Employment Taxes attributable to the amount payable in respect of such Company Options, and (c) the amount paid to the Paying Agent for distribution to the Company Securityholders shall be reduced by the employer portion of all payroll, social security, unemployment and similar Taxes due with respect to amounts payable to the Company Option Holders under this Section 2.9 (including, for these purposes, the K-1 Option Holder Self-Employment Taxes).
2.10    Payment Mechanics. All payments required pursuant to this Agreement shall be made by wire transfer of immediately available funds, free of costs and charges, to an account that the recipient has designated in writing or as otherwise set forth in the Funds Flow Memorandum or the Closing Consideration Allocation Certificate (provided, that to the extent there is a conflict between the Closing Consideration Allocation Certificate and the Funds Flow Memorandum, the Closing Consideration Allocation Certificate shall prevail).
2.11    Withholding. Each of Buyer, the Escrow Agent, Blocker, the Company Entities, and the Paying Agent shall be entitled to deduct and withhold from any amounts payable pursuant to this Agreement to the Company Securityholders or any other Person such amounts as Buyer, the Escrow Agent, Blocker, the Company Entities, or the Paying Agent, as applicable, is required to deduct and withhold under the Code, or any Tax Law, with respect to the making of such payment. To the extent that amounts are properly so withheld in accordance with applicable Law, such amounts shall be treated for all purposes of this Agreement as having been paid to the Person in respect of whom such deduction and withholding was made.
3.    REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE COMPANY
    Except as set forth in the corresponding sections of the disclosure schedule delivered by the Seller Representative to Buyer concurrently with the execution and delivery of this Agreement (the “Disclosure Schedule”), the Company hereby makes the following representations and warranties to Buyer as of the date hereof and as of the Closing Date:
3.1    Organization, Power and Authority.
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(a)    The Company is a limited liability company formed under the laws of the State of Delaware. The Company has all requisite power, legal right and authority to own, lease and operate its properties and assets, as applicable, and conduct its business as currently conducted. The Company is duly qualified or licensed as a foreign corporation to do business and is in good standing under the laws of each jurisdiction in which the conduct of business or the ownership of its properties requires such qualification or authorization, except where the failure to be so qualified, authorized or in good standing has not had and would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. Section 3.1(a) of the Disclosure Schedule sets forth a list of all jurisdictions in which the Company is duly qualified or authorized to do business as a foreign corporation.
(b)    Each of the Subsidiaries of the Company is a limited liability company formed under the laws of its jurisdiction of formation. Each of the Subsidiaries of the Company has been duly and validly form under the laws of its jurisdiction of formation and has all requisite power and authority to own, lease and operate its properties and assets, and conduct its business as currently conducted. Each of the Subsidiaries of the Company is duly qualified or authorized to do business and is in good standing under the laws of each jurisdiction in which the conduct of business or the ownership of its properties requires such qualification or authorization, except where the failure to be so qualified, authorized or in good standing has not had and would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. Section 3.1(b) of the Disclosure Schedule sets forth a list of all jurisdictions in which each Subsidiary of the Company is duly qualified or authorized to do business as a foreign corporation.
(c)    Prior to the date of this Agreement, the Company has made available to Buyer true, complete and correct copies of the Company Entity Organizational Documents (including all amendments thereto or restatements thereof through the date of this Agreement). Such documents are in full force and effect and none of the Company Entities are in violation of any provision of their respective Organizational Documents referred to above.
(d)    The Company has not engaged in any business activities or conducted any operations other than acting as a direct and indirect equityholder of the Company’s Subsidiaries and activities incidental thereto (including acting as a guarantor pursuant to the terms of the Company Entities credit facilities, and the negotiation, execution and consummation of this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby, and all other acts, actions and activities incidental thereto and necessary therefor, nor engaged in any other activities or conducted any business or operations, or incurred any liabilities, in each case not related to the foregoing). The Company has all requisite power, legal right and authority to execute and deliver this Agreement and the other documents and instruments to be executed and delivered pursuant hereto, including the Option Cancellation and Joinder Agreements (“Related Agreements”), by the Company and to carry out the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby, and to consummate the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby. The execution and delivery by the Company of this Agreement and the Related Agreements to be executed and delivered by the Company, the performance of its obligations hereunder and thereunder, and the consummation by the Company of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby have been duly authorized by the Company. No other or further act on the part of the Company is necessary to authorize this Agreement or the Related Agreements to be executed and delivered by the Company or the consummation by the Company of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby. Assuming the due authorization, execution and delivery by the other parties hereto and thereto, this Agreement constitutes, and when executed and delivered, the Related Agreements to be executed and delivered by the Company will constitute, legal, valid and binding agreements of the Company, enforceable in accordance with their respective terms, except as such may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or other Laws affecting creditors’ rights
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generally and by general equitable principles (regardless of whether enforcement is sought in a proceeding at law or in equity).
3.2    No Violation. Except as set forth in Section 3.2 of the Disclosure Schedule, neither the execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement or the Related Agreements to be executed and delivered by the Company nor the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby will (i) contravene, conflict with, or result in a violation of any Law or Order binding upon or applicable to the Company Entities or by which any property or asset of the Company Entities are bound or subject; (ii) require the Company Entities to procure any authorization, consent or approval by, or to effect any filing or registration with or notice to, any Governmental Entity, except for (A) filings required under the HSR Act and any applicable foreign antitrust laws, and (B) such authorization, consent, approval, filing or notice requirements that become applicable solely as a result of the regulatory status of Buyer or any of its Affiliates; (iii) violate or conflict with, constitute a default (with or without due notice or lapse of time or both) under or breach of, result in the automatic termination or give rise to a right of termination, cancellation or material modification of, or accelerate the performance required by, or require any notice or consent to or from any counterparty to, the terms of (A) the Company Entity Organizational Documents or (B) any Material Contract or Material Permit, except in each case of clause (B), for such violations, conflicts, defaults, terminations, accelerations, or material modification that would not, individually or in the aggregate, be material to the Company Entities; or (iv) result in the creation or imposition of any Lien upon any of the Acquired Securities or any of the equity interests of any of the Company’s Subsidiaries or any assets of the Company or of any of its Subsidiaries (excluding, in the case of Liens on such assets, Permitted Liens).
3.3    Capitalization.
(a)    Company. The authorized units of membership interest of the Company consists of an unlimited number of voting Class A Units, of which 61,176,488 of such Class A Units are issued and outstanding as of the date of this Agreement and an unlimited number of nonvoting Class B Units, 99,999 of which are issued and outstanding as of the date of this Agreement. The Units held, directly or indirectly, by the Sellers constitute all of issued and outstanding membership or equity interests of the Company. All Units are duly authorized, fully paid, nonassessable and validly issued in compliance with the Company Organizational Documents and all applicable Laws. No Units (or any other Equity Securities of any Company Entity) are reserved for issuance, or will be reserved for issuance as of the Closing Date. Section 3.3(a) of the Disclosure Schedule (the “Class B Unit Schedule”) sets forth for each outstanding award of Class B Units, the name of the holder of such award, the date of grant of such award, and number of Class B Units granted under such award. Each Class B Unit was duly authorized no later than the date on which the grant of such Class B Units was by its terms to be effected by all necessary corporate action and any required unitholder approval by the necessary number of votes or written consents, and was made in accordance in all respects with applicable Law.
(b)    Certain Rights. Except for the issuance of the Class B Units as set forth on the Class B Unit Schedule and Company Options set forth on the Option Schedule, no Company Entity: (A) has issued securities or instruments convertible or exercisable into or exchangeable for any equity interests of such Company Entity; (B) has issued options, warrants or other rights to purchase or subscribe for any Equity Securities of such Company Entity; (C) is party to any Contract relating to the issuance, sale or transfer of any equity interests of such Company Entity, any such convertible, exercisable or exchangeable securities or instruments or any such options, warrants, or other rights; and (D) has issued any equity incentive rights, equity appreciation rights, profit participation rights, phantom equity or appreciation rights, or other rights providing for any equity-based compensation or award to any Person with respect to its respective equity interests. No equity interests of any of the Company Entities have
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been acquired by any Seller in violation of any pre-emptive, tag-along, drag-along, rights of first refusal or offer, option or other similar rights or the Organizational Documents. Except as set forth in the Organizational Documents or as set forth in Section 3.3(b)(2) of the Disclosure Schedule, there are no restrictions upon, any voting trusts or proxies or any Contracts or other arrangements of any kind with respect to the voting, purchase, redemption, acquisition, registration, governance, disposition, transfer or the declaration or payment of any distribution in respect of, any equity interests of any of the Company Entities.
(c)    Subsidiaries. The Company owns, directly or indirectly, all of the issued and outstanding equity interests of each of its Subsidiaries as set forth on Section 3.3(c) of the Disclosure Schedule, free and clear of all Liens (other than Permitted Equity Liens).
(d)    Options. Section 3.3(d) of the Disclosure Schedule (the “Option Schedule”) sets forth for each outstanding Company Option, the name of the holder of such Company Option, an indication of whether such holder is an employee of or consultant to the Company, the date of grant of such Company Option, and number or amount of Equity Securities as to which such Company Option is exercisable, and the exercise price of such Company Option. Each Company Option was duly authorized no later than the date on which the grant of such Company Option was by its terms to be effected by all necessary corporate action and any required unitholder approval by the necessary number of votes or written consents, and was made in accordance in all respects with the terms of the Company Option Plan and all other applicable Laws. Each Company Option satisfies the requirements for the “short-term deferral” exception under Section 409A of the Code and Section 1.409A-1(b)(4) of the Treasury Regulators promulgated thereunder.
(e)    Subsidiaries; Investments. The Company does not have any direct or indirect Subsidiaries other than those identified in Section 3.3(e) of the Disclosure Schedule. Other than the Company’s Subsidiaries identified in Section 3.3(e) of the Disclosure Schedule, no Company Entity owns nor controls, directly or indirectly, any Equity Securities or other investments in any other Person nor has any securities or instruments convertible or exercisable into or exchangeable for such Equity Securities or other investment or any options, warrants, calls or other rights to purchase or subscribe for such Equity Securities or other investment.
(f)    Financial Statements. Section 3.3(f) of the Disclosure Schedule contains true, correct and complete copies of (i) the audited, consolidated balance sheet, statements of income, comprehensive income, members equity, and cash flows of the Company Entities as of each of December 31, 2019, and 2018 (the “Audited Financial Statements”); and (ii) an unaudited, consolidated balance sheet of the Company Entities as of December 31, 2020 (the “Recent Balance Sheet”), and unaudited, consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, members equity, and cash flows of the Company Entities for the calendar year then ended (the “Interim Financial Statements” and, together with the Audited Financial Statements, the “Financial Statements”). The Audited Financial Statements have been audited (as such term is generally understood in the accounting profession) by the independent certified public accounting firm of Katz, Sapper & Miller. Except as set forth in the notes thereto, the Financial Statements have been prepared from, and are consistent with, the books and records of the Company Entities and in accordance with GAAP applied on a consistent basis throughout the periods involved, subject, in the case of the Interim Financial Statements, to normal and recurring year-end adjustments (none of which would be material, individually or in the aggregate) and the absence of notes (that, if presented, would not differ materially from those included in the Audited Financial Statements), and on that basis, present fairly, in all but de minimis respects, the financial condition of the Company Entities as of the respective dates they were prepared and the results of the operations of the Company Entities for the periods indicated. No financial statements of any Person other than the Company Entities
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are required by GAAP to be included or reflected in any of the Financial Statements. The Company Entities do not have any liabilities, obligations or commitments, and to their Knowledge there is no basis for any Action with respect to any liability, obligation or commitment, that GAAP (as applied by the Company Entities on a consistent basis) would require to be reflected or reserved against on a balance sheet, other than (A) liabilities reflected or reserved against on the Recent Balance Sheet; (B) liabilities incurred in connection with this Agreement or the transactions contemplated hereby; (C) immaterial commercial liabilities incurred since the date of the Recent Balance Sheet in the ordinary course of business; (D) contractual liabilities under Contracts to which any Company Entity is a party; and (E) liabilities described in Section 3.3(f) of the Disclosure Schedule.
(g)    Absence of Changes. Except as set forth on Section 3.3(g) of the Disclosure Schedule, since the date of the Recent Balance Sheet, (i) the Company Entities have conducted themselves in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice (except as otherwise required by applicable Law or this Agreement), and (ii) there has not been any change or event that, individually or in the aggregate with other changes or events, has resulted in, or would be reasonably expected to result in, a Material Adverse Effect. Without limiting the foregoing, during the period between the date of the Audited Financial Statements and the date hereof, no action with respect to any of the Company Entities has been taken that would have been prohibited by Section 8.1 had such action been taken after the date hereof but before the Closing Date.
3.4    Tax Matters. Except as set forth in Section 3.4 of the Disclosure Schedule:
(a)    Tax Returns. Each of the Company Entities has duly and timely filed or caused to be filed (taking into account any valid extensions) all Tax Returns required to be filed by it. All such Tax Returns are true, complete and accurate in all material respects. No Company Entity is currently the beneficiary of any extension of time within which to file any Tax Return. All Taxes due and owing by the Company Entities, whether or not shown on any Tax Return, have been timely paid. No claim has ever been made by a Governmental Entity in a jurisdiction where any Company Entity does not file a Tax Return that such Company Entity is or may be subject to Tax by that jurisdiction. The Company has delivered or made available to Buyer complete copies of all federal, state, local and foreign Tax Returns filed by the Company Entities (and any predecessor thereof) for all taxable years remaining open under the applicable statute of limitations.
(b)    Reserves. The unpaid Taxes of the Company Entities did not, as of the Recent Balance Sheet, exceed the reserve for Tax liability (excluding any reserve for deferred Taxes established to reflect timing differences between book and Tax income) set forth on the face thereof (rather than in any notes thereto). Since the Recent Balance Sheet, the Company Entities have not incurred any liability for Taxes outside the ordinary course of business.
(c)    Liens. There are no Liens for Taxes upon the assets of the Company Entities other than statutory Liens for current Taxes not yet due and payable.
(d)    Deficiencies and Proceedings. No deficiency for Taxes has ever been proposed, asserted or assessed in writing by any Governmental Entity against the Company Entities that remains unpaid or unresolved. There are no waivers or extensions of any statute of limitations with respect to Taxes of the Company Entities that are currently in effect. There are no audits, suits, proceedings, investigations, claims, examinations or other administrative or judicial proceedings ongoing or pending or, threatened in writing, with respect to any Taxes of the Company Entities. There are no matters under discussion by the Company Entities with any Governmental Entity with respect to Taxes that are likely to result in an additional liability for Taxes with respect to the Company Entities.
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(e)    Withholding. All Taxes which the Company Entities are obligated to withhold under applicable Law from amounts owing to any employee, independent contractor, creditor, unitholders or stockholders of the Company Entities or other Person have been properly withheld. None of the Company Entities or their respective Service Providers has any liability, whether absolute or contingent, with respect to any misclassification of any Service Provider by a Company Entity as an employee rather than as self-employed or a partner, and the Company Entities have timely and accurately reported all compensation paid or payable to any current or former Service Providers who hold (or have held) Equity Securities in any Company Entity or Blocker as required by applicable Law.
(f)    Transfer Pricing. The Company Entities have complied in all material respects with applicable transfer pricing Laws. All material documentation required by all applicable transfer pricing Laws has been timely prepared.
(g)    Third-Party Taxes. No Company Entity has any liability for the Taxes of any other Person (i) under Treasury Regulation Section 1.1502-6 (or any similar provision of state, local or foreign Law), (ii) as a transferee or successor, (iii) by Contract or (iv) otherwise, excluding in the case of such clauses (iii) and (iv) customary provisions in any Contract entered into in the ordinary course that does not primarily relate to Taxes.
(h)    Post-Closing Income. The Company Entities (and their owners, in the case of any Company Entity that is a pass-through or fiscally transparent for Tax purposes) will not be required to include any item of income in, or exclude any item of deduction from, taxable income for any period (or any portion thereof) beginning after the Closing Date as a result of: (i) any installment sale or open transaction occurring on or prior to the Closing Date; (ii) any Tax accounting method change under Section 481 of the Code (or any comparable provision of state, local, or foreign Law); (iii) any closing agreement with any Governmental Entity under Section 7121 of the Code (or any similar provision of state, local, or foreign Law); (iv) the use of an improper method of Tax accounting by the Company Entities for any taxable period (or portion thereof) ending on or prior to the Closing Date; (v) any prepaid amount received on or prior to the Closing; or (vi) any intercompany transaction entered into prior to the Closing or excess loss account described in Section 1502 of the Code (or any corresponding provision of state, local or foreign Tax Law) that existed prior to the Closing. No Company Entity has filed any election under Section 965(h) of the Code.
(i)    Agreements. No Company Entity is, or has ever been, a party to or bound by any Tax indemnity agreement, Tax sharing agreement, Tax allocation agreement or similar Contract other than any customary provision in any Contract entered into in the ordinary course of business that does not primarily relate to Taxes.
(j)    Reportable Transactions. None of the Company Entities has been a party to a “reportable transaction,” as such term is defined in Treasury Regulations Section 1.6011-4(b)(1), or any other transaction requiring disclosure under analogous provisions of state, local or foreign Tax Law. None of the Company Entities has participated in any Tax amnesty program.
(k)    Tax Status. The U.S. federal income tax classification of each Company Entity, and any entity classification election pursuant to Treasury Regulations Section 301.7701-3 that has ever been filed with respect to any Company Entity, is set forth on Section 3.4(k) of the Disclosure Schedule. The Company has, since the date it first had more than one regarded owner for United States federal income tax purposes, been treated as a partnership for U.S. federal Tax purposes and, at all other times, was treated as an entity disregarded from its owner for U.S. federal Tax purposes. None of the
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Company Entities is a partner for Tax purposes with respect to any joint venture, partnership, or other arrangement or Contract which is treated as a partnership for Tax purposes.
(l)    Section 280G. The execution or approval of and/or consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement could not, either alone or in combination with another event (including termination of employment), result in the failure of any payment under any Company Benefit Plan or otherwise to be deductible for U.S. federal income tax purposes by virtue of Section 280G of the Code or result in any Taxes under Section 4999 of the Code.
(m)    Section 409A. Each Company Benefit Plan that constitutes a “nonqualified deferred compensation plan” within the meaning of Section 409A of the Code, in any part, has at all times been operated and maintained in all material respects in operational and documentary compliance with Section 409A of the Code and all IRS guidance promulgated thereunder. There is no agreement, plan, policy, program, Contract or other arrangement to which any of the Company Entities are a party or by which it is otherwise bound to gross-up or otherwise compensate or pay any Person in respect of Taxes incurred pursuant to Section 409A or 4999 of the Code.
(n)    Class B Units. Each Class B Unit has at all times constituted a “profits interest” (within the meaning of IRS Revenue Procedure 93-27, as clarified by IRS Revenue Procedure 2001-43) and the Company has at all times treated them as such.
(o)    Allocation Methodology. The Allocation Methodology is consistent with the respective economic entitlement of each Company Seller to the assets of the Company in such Company Seller’s capacity as a partner in the Company for U.S. federal income Tax purposes under the Company Entity Organizational Documents, and all payments to be made to each Company Seller hereunder in respect of the Purchased Units represent consideration for the Purchased Units and are not compensatory, guaranteed payments or attributable to a taxable capital shift to such Company Seller.
3.5    Accounts Receivable. All accounts receivable and notes receivable of the Company Entities reflected on the Recent Balance Sheet, and all accounts receivable and notes receivable of the Company Entities that have arisen from the date of the Recent Balance Sheet until the date hereof, (a) arose from bona fide and arm’s-length transactions entered into by the Company Entities involving the sale of goods or the rendering of services in the ordinary course of business; (b) to the knowledge of the Company, are the valid and legally binding obligations of the Persons obligated to pay such amounts (except to the extent of any accruals for promotional discounts); and (c) are not subject to any defenses, counterclaims, rights of setoff or disputes that have been communicated to the Company Entities in writing.
3.6    Inventory. Except as set forth on Section 3.6 of the Disclosure Schedule, all Inventory reflected on the Recent Balance Sheet (a) is valued in accordance, and is consistent in all respects, with GAAP; (b) consists of a quality and quantity usable or saleable in the ordinary course of business and fit for the purpose for which they were manufactured or procured, except for slow-moving, damaged or obsolete items determined in a manner consistent with past practice (which have been written down or reserved for in accordance with GAAP); and (c) is owned by the Company Entities, free and clear of Liens (other than Permitted Liens). All Inventory purchased from the date of the Recent Balance Sheet until the date hereof consists of a quality and quantity usable in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice. Except as set forth on Section 3.6 of the Disclosure Schedule, all Inventory is located at, or is in transit to or from, the Real Property.
3.7    Litigation and Orders.
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(a)    Litigation. Except as set forth in Section 3.7(a) of the Disclosure Schedule, there are no, and for the past three (3) years there have not been any, Actions pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened in writing against, affecting or by the Company Entities or any of their current or former officers or directors (in their capacities as such or otherwise with respect to the business of the Company Entities) or affecting any of its properties or assets, including the Real Property.
(b)    Orders. The Company Entities are not the subject of any investigation or inquiry by any Governmental Entity. Except as disclosed in Section 3.7(b) of the Disclosure Schedule, the Company Entities are not bound by or subject to any Order (i) with respect to any of its properties or assets or (ii) that challenges or could have the effect of preventing, enjoining or otherwise delaying the transactions contemplated by this Agreement. The Company Entities have at all times been in compliance with each Order to which they, or any properties or assets owned or used by them, is or has been subject. No event has occurred or circumstance exists that could constitute or result in (with or without notice or lapse of time) a violation of, or failure to comply with, any Order to which the Company Entities, or any properties or assets owned or used by them, are subject. The Company Entities have not at any time received any written notice or other written communication from any Governmental Entity or any other Person regarding any actual, alleged, or potential violation of, or failure to comply with, any Order to which the Company Entities, or any assets owned or used by them, are subject.
3.8    Compliance with Law.
(a)    Compliance. Except as set forth on Section 3.8(a) of the Disclosure Schedule, (i) the Company Entities are, and for the last three (3) years have been, in compliance with all Laws applicable to them or their Business, assets and properties (including, without limitation, the Real Property), other than such noncompliance as would not be material to the Company Entities; (ii) the Company Entities have not received written notice of any violation or noncompliance or alleging any actual or potential violation or noncompliance of any such Laws, other than such violations or noncompliance as would not be material to the Company Entities; and (iii) no event has occurred, and no circumstances exist, that would reasonably be expected to (with or without notice or lapse of time or both) constitute or result directly or indirectly in any violation or noncompliance by the Company Entities of any Law applicable to them or their Business, assets and properties (including, without limitation, the Real Property), other than such violations or noncompliance as would not be material to the Company Entities.
(b)    Permits. Except for such Permits as would not be material to the Company Entities or as set forth in Section 3.8(b)(1) of the Disclosure Schedule, the Company Entities have obtained all Permits that are required to be obtained by the Company Entities for the ownership, leasing, and operation of their Business, assets and properties (including, without limitation, the Real Property) (the “Material Permits”). Section 3.8(b)(2) of the Disclosure Schedule sets forth all such Material Permits. The Material Permits are valid and in full force and effect, and the Company Entities are in compliance with the terms of all Material Permits, other than for such noncompliance as would not be material to the Company Entities. All applications for or renewals of all Material Permits have been timely filed and made and no Material Permit will expire or be terminated as a result of the consummation of the transactions contemplated by the Agreement and the Related Agreements. There is no Action pending, or to the knowledge of the Company, threatened, nor have the Company Entities received any written notice from any Governmental Entity, to revoke, cancel, refuse to renew or adversely modify any Material Permit. For the last three (3) years, to the knowledge of the Company, there has not been any (i) investigation, review, audit, consent, decree or proceeding by any Person that could reasonably be expected to result in a claim or notice of violation or noncompliance with (except for any such violation or noncompliance as would not be material to the Company Entities), or a revocation, non-renewal or
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adverse modification of, any Material Permit or (ii) event, omission or condition that could reasonably be expected to result in a notice of violation or noncompliance with (except for any such violation or noncompliance as would not be material to the Company Entities), or a revocation, non-renewal or material modification or revision of, any such Material Permit.
(c)    Except for the PPP Loan, no Company Entity (or any Person that would be aggregated with any Company Entity and treated as one employer for purposes of Section 2301 of the CARES Act) has received any funds under any program related to the COVID-19 virus, including the Paycheck Protection Program or the Main Street Loan Program under the CARES Act. Each Company Entity has, to the extent applicable, properly complied in all material respects with all Laws and other legal requirements and duly accounted for in all material respects any available Tax credits under Sections 7001 through 7005 of the Families First Coronavirus Response Act and Section 2301 of the CARES Act.
3.9    Environmental Matters. Except as set forth in Section 3.9 of the Disclosure Schedule:
(a)    Compliance. The Company Entities are, and for the last three (3) years, have been in compliance in all respects with all, and has no liability arising under any, applicable Environmental Laws, other than for such noncompliance or liability as would not be material to the Company Entities. The Company Entities have not received from any Person any (i) Environmental Notice or Environmental Claim, or (ii) written request for information pursuant to Environmental Law, which, in each case of the foregoing clauses (i) and (ii), either remains pending or unresolved, or is the source of ongoing obligations or requirements.
(b)    Permits. The Company Entities have obtained and are, and for the last three (3) years, have been, in compliance with all material Permits required by any Environmental Law or otherwise necessary for the ownership, lease, operation or use of the business or assets of the Company Entities, other than for such noncompliance as would not be material to the Company Entities. There are no pending Actions by any Governmental Entity that could reasonably be expected to result in the termination, revocation, or adverse modification of any such Permits.
(c)    Discharges of Hazardous Substances. There has been no spillage, discharge, release or disposal of Hazardous Substances in contravention of, or which could reasonably be expected to result in a liability to or any obligations of the Company Entities arising under, Environmental Laws with respect to the business or assets of the Company Entities or the Real Property.
(d)    Disposal of Hazardous Substances. The Company Entities have not caused the disposal of Hazardous Substances at any third-party waste disposal locations or sites, except for any such disposal that has not resulted or would not reasonably be expected to result in a material liability of the Company Entities pursuant to Environmental Laws.
(e)    Indemnities. Except as set forth on Section 3.9(e) of the Disclosure Schedule, the Company Entities are not a party to any Contract pursuant to which they are obligated to indemnify any other Person with respect to, or, to the knowledge of the Company, be responsible for any liability pursuant to, or violation of, any Environmental Law.
(f)    Site Assessments. The Company Entities have made available or provided to Buyer true, correct and complete copies of all environmental assessment reports (such as Phase I or Phase II reports) and any other non-privileged environmental studies, audits and other material environmental
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documents in the possession of the Company Entities or the Sellers in connection with the past or current business or assets of the Company Entities.
3.10    Assets.
(a)    Title. The Company Entities have good and valid title to, a valid leasehold interest in or a valid license to use all tangible property and other assets used by the Company Entities, located on the Company Entities’ premises, or reflected in the Financial Statements or acquired after the date of the Recent Balance Sheet (except for Inventory sold since the date of the Recent Balance Sheet in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice) (the “Tangible Assets”). The Tangible Assets are held free and clear of all Liens, other than Permitted Liens.
(b)    Condition. The Tangible Assets are in good operating condition (ordinary wear and tear excepted), and are fit in all material respects for use in the ordinary course of business. The Tangible Assets (together with the assets to be purchased with capital expenditures reflected in the Company Entities’ budget made available to Buyer) are all the material tangible properties and assets necessary or desirable for the current operation of the Business and used by the Company Entities to conduct the Business in the last twelve (12) months. Since the date of the Recent Balance Sheet, the Company Entities have not suffered any theft, damage, destruction or casualty loss to its Tangible Assets (other than ordinary wear and tear), whether or not covered by insurance.
(c)    Real Property. Section 3.10(c)(1) of the Disclosure Schedule sets forth the street address of each parcel of real property owned, leased, used or occupied by the Company Entities (the “Real Property”), and a list of all leases and subleases under which the Company Entities are lessor, together with all amendments, modifications, supplements, waivers and side letters related thereto (collectively, the “Leases”). The Company Entities have made available to Buyer a true and complete copy of each Lease. Except as set forth on Section 3.10(c)(2) of the Disclosure Schedule, (i) each Lease is legal, valid, binding, enforceable and in full force and effect; and (ii) neither the Company Entities nor, to the knowledge of the Company, any other party to the Lease is in breach or default under such Lease. Except as set forth on Section 3.10(c)(3) of the Disclosure Schedule, other than the Company Entities, there are no other tenants residing on the portion of the Real Property leased to the applicable Company Entity pursuant to such Lease. The Company Entities have good and valid fee simple or leasehold interest, as applicable, in the Real Property, subject only to Permitted Liens, and, except as set forth on Section 3.10(c)(4) of the Disclosure Schedules, have not transferred or assigned any interest in any Real Property. The Company Entities have not received written notice that any public improvements have been commenced or are planned that will result in special assessments against or otherwise materially adversely affect any Real Property and that remain the source of ongoing obligations or requirements. To the knowledge of the Company, the use of the premises described in the Leases as currently used is a permitted use by right in the applicable zoning classification and is not a nonconforming use or a conditioned use, and no variances are needed and none have been granted with respect to such premises. To the knowledge of the Company, to the extent required by applicable Law, there are currently in full force and effect certificates of occupancy permitting the Real Property to be used and occupied by the Company Entities as the same are currently constituted. To the knowledge of the Company, there is no existing structural or other physical defect or deficiency in the condition of any of the Real Property, or any component or portion thereof, that would or is reasonably likely to impair or impose costs upon the use, occupancy or operation of such Real Property, and that has not been fully corrected, other than ordinary, routine maintenance that is not material in nature or cost. Except as set forth on Section 3.10(c)(5) of the Disclosure Schedule, the Company Entities do not own or hold, and are not obligated under or a party to, any option, right of first refusal or other contractual right to purchase, acquire, sell, assign or dispose of any real estate or any portion thereof or interest therein.
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(d)    Condemnation. Neither the whole nor any portion of the Tangible Assets or the Real Property of the Company Entities is subject to any Order to be sold or is being condemned, expropriated or otherwise taken by any Governmental Entity with or without payment of compensation therefor and, to the knowledge of the Company, no such condemnation, expropriation or taking is planned, scheduled or proposed.
3.11    Insurance. Section 3.11 of the Disclosure Schedule contains a list of all insurance policies of the Company Entities in effect as of the date of this Agreement, other than policies that fund any Company Benefit Plan (the “Company Insurance Policies”). Section 3.11 of the Disclosure Schedule also sets forth a brief description of all material claims of the Company Entities that are currently pending with an insurance carrier with respect to any Company Insurance Policy. No written notice of cancellation or termination has been received by the Company Entities with respect to any Company Insurance Policy that have not been replaced on substantially similar terms prior to the date of such cancellation or termination. All premiums due and payable under the Company Insurance Policies have been paid. Except as set forth on Section 3.11 of the Disclosure Schedule, there are no pending claims by the Company Entities for which the insurers have denied coverage or otherwise reserved rights (other than standard reservation of rights letters). None of the Company Entities is in material default with respect to any provision contained in any Company Insurance Policy or has failed to give any notice or presentment of any material claim under any Company Insurance Policy in due and timely fashion. Except as set forth on Section 3.11 of the Disclosure Schedule, for the last three (3) years, none of the Company Entities has (a) had a material claim rejected or payment with respect thereto denied by its insurance provider for such claim, (b) had a material claim in which there is an outstanding reservation of rights (other than standard reservation of rights letters) or (c) had the policy limit under any Company Insurance Policy exhausted or materially reduced.
3.12    Material Contracts. Section 3.12 of the Disclosure Schedule sets forth a true, correct and complete list of all Contracts of the following types for which a Company Entity is a party or by which any of its assets or properties (including, without limitation, the Real Property) are bound or subject (each, a “Material Contract”):
(a)    any Contract with any customer or supplier set forth or required to be set forth on Section 3.13 of the Disclosure Schedule (excluding executory purchase orders);
(b)    any Contract or group of related Contracts requiring a capital expenditure or commitment in excess of $50,000 per annum;
(c)    any Contract providing for the sale, lease, license or other disposition by any of the Company Entities of any assets or properties (including, without limitation, any Real Property, Technology or Intellectual Property) to another Person outside of the ordinary course of business (other than any such asset that is obsolete, surplus, damaged or worn-out);
(d)    any Contract providing for the purchase, lease, license or acquisition by any of the Company Entities of any assets or properties (including, without limitation, any Real Property, Technology or Intellectual Property) from another Person outside the ordinary course of business or of any business or equity interests from another Person, in each case, whether by merger, consolidation, equity sale, asset sale or otherwise;
(e)    any Contract providing for any merger, consolidation, restructuring, reorganization, recapitalization, conversion or other similar transaction or arrangement;
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(f)    any Contract that (i) limits or purports to limit, in any material respect, the ability of any Company Entity to engage in or compete in any line of business or with any Person, to conduct activity in any geographic area or during any period of time, or to solicit any Person to enter into a business or employment relationship (other than confidentiality or non-disclosure agreements entered into in the ordinary course of business), (ii) contains exclusivity obligations, or (iii) contains a “most favored nation”, performance guaranty or other provision in which pricing, discounts or benefits are based on those provided to another Person;
(g)    any Contract providing for any indemnification or warranty by any Company Entity, except for customary commercial product warranties pursuant to Contracts entered into in the ordinary course of business;
(h)    any Contracts relating to (i) any Indebtedness of any Company Entity, (ii) any letters of credit, bankers’ acceptances, performance bonds, sureties, guaranties, credit support or other similar obligations of any Company Entity or (iii) hedging arrangements designed to protect against fluctuations in interest rates, currency rates or commodity prices (including any interest or currency rates swaps and commodity forwards) of any Company Entity;
(i)    any Contract under which the Company Entities have advanced or loaned any other Person any amounts, except for any trade credit in connection with account receivables arising in the ordinary course of business;
(j)    any Contract relating to the employment or engagement of any Current Employee or any individual consulting, sales agency, sales representative or independent contractor (i) with an annual base salary or fees that are (or are expected in 2021 to be) in excess of $145,000, or (ii) that cannot be terminated at any time without notice for any or no reason and without severance, penalty or any other Losses;
(k)    any Contract providing for any lease of Real Property by any Company Entity to another Person or any easement or other rights of use or occupancy by either Company to another Person;
(l)    any Contract under which any Company Entity is lessor of personal property, or permits any third party to hold or operate any personal property owned or controlled by it which involves consideration in excess of $100,000;
(m)    any material broker, distributor, dealer, manufacturer’s representative, franchise, agency, marketing and advertising Contracts;
(n)    other than and excluding licenses for generally available commercial Software products supplied under end user licenses and licenses with an annual or total fee of less than $100,000, any Contract that grants a license or interest (including any covenant, release, immunity or other right) in any Owned Intellectual Property or Owned Technology or that relates to the acquisition, transfer, use, development, sharing or license or grant of any other right in any material Technology or Intellectual Property;
(o)    any Contract relating to a Related Party Arrangement;
(p)    any Contract (other than the Company Options set forth on the Option Schedule) providing for the payment of any cash or other compensation or benefits upon or in connection with (whether alone or in conjunction with any other event or circumstance) the sale of all or a material
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portion of any of the Company Entities’ assets outside the ordinary course of business or a change of control of any of the Company Entities, including pursuant to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement;
(q)    any Contract involving the settlement or compromise of any Action or threatened Action that contain (A) any outstanding monetary obligations, individually or in the aggregate, in excess of $100,000 or (B) any non-monetary obligations that would be material to the Company Entities;
(r)    any Contract with any Governmental Entity;
(s)    any Contract under which any Company Entity provides or receives any rebates in excess of $100,000;
(t)    any Contract relating to any joint venture, partnership, joint development or other similar arrangements between any Acquired Company and any other Person; and
(u)    any Contract reasonably expected to result in future payments, fees or other consideration to or by any Company Entity in excess of $100,000, except for Contracts (excluding executory purchase orders) that are terminable on less than ninety (90) days’ notice without penalty or termination fee.
Neither the Company Entities nor, to the knowledge of the Company, any other party, is in, or has received written notice of any, material violation of or default under (including any condition that with the passage of time or the giving of notice would cause such a material violation or default under) any Material Contract. The Sellers have made available to Buyer a true, correct and complete copy of each Material Contract. Except as set forth in Section 3.12 of the Disclosure Schedule, each Material Contract is in full force and effect and is valid, binding and enforceable against the Company Entities party thereto and, to the knowledge of the Company, the other party or parties thereto in accordance with its terms, except as such may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium, fraudulent conveyance or other Laws affecting creditors’ rights generally and by general equitable principles, whether such enforceability is considered in a proceeding in equity or at Law.
3.13    Customers and Suppliers.
(a)    Material Customers. Section 3.13(a) of the Disclosure Schedule sets forth a true, correct and complete list of the top fifteen (15) customers of the Company Entities (including distributors) (each customer, a “Material Customer”), based on the dollar amount of consolidated revenues earned by the Company Entities for each of the two most recently completed fiscal years, and the revenues generated from such customers.
(b)    Material Suppliers. Section 3.13(b) of the Disclosure Schedule sets the fifteen (15) vendors, suppliers, service providers and other similar business relations of the Company Entities (each, a “Material Supplier”) based on the dollar amount paid to such Persons for each of the two most recently completed fiscal years and the amounts owed to each such Person.
(c)    No Changes in Business Relationship. Except as set forth in Section 3.13(c) of the Disclosure Schedule, no Material Customer or Material Supplier has given the Company Entities or the Sellers any written notice that it intends to stop or materially alter its business relationship with the Company Entities (whether as a result of the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and the Related Agreements or otherwise), or has during the past twelve (12) months
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decreased or limited materially, or threatened in writing to decrease or limit materially, its supply of services or products to or purchase of products or services from the Company Entities. To the knowledge of the Company, (i) no Material Customer or Material Supplier intends to cancel or otherwise substantially modify its relationship with the Company Entities or to decrease or limit materially, its supply of services or products to, or purchase of products or services from, the Company Entities, (ii) no Material Customer or Material Supplier has advised the Company Entities of any material problem or dispute between such Material Customer or Material Supplier and the Company Entities, (iii) no such Material Customer or Material Supplier is or will be the subject of any voluntary or involuntary bankruptcy, solvency or other similar proceeding, (iv) the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and the Related Agreements will not adversely affect the relationship of the Company Entities with any Material Customer or Material Supplier, and (v) no Material Supplier has advised the Company Entities that it expects in the foreseeable future any material difficulty in obtaining, in the quantity and quality and at a price consistent with past practices, the raw materials, supplies or component parts required for the manufacture, assembly or production of any product of the Company Entities.
3.14    Labor and Employment.
(a)    Employee Census. Section 3.14(a) of the Disclosure Schedule sets forth a true and accurate list of all Current Employees and their work location and position/job function as of the date hereof. The Sellers made available to Buyer the following information with respect to the Current Employees, which is true and complete as of the date hereof: (i) each Current Employee’s current annual salary or hourly wage rate, wages and annual cash bonus opportunity, (ii) date of hire, (iii) work location, (iv) active or leave status (and expected return date if on leave), (v) exempt or non-exempt status (or overtime eligibility) under applicable Law, and (vi) visa/work permit status (if applicable). The Sellers also made available to Buyer the following information with respect to all other currently engaged Service Providers engaged on a non-employee basis, which is true and complete as of the date hereof: (A) each Service Provider’s current annual, hourly, or other fee arrangement, (B) position/job function, (C) date of hire, (D) work location, and (E) term of engagement. Except as set forth in Section 3.14(a) of the Disclosure Schedule, no Current Employee is absent on military, family, disability, parental, personal or other leave of absence (other than vacation and other paid time off in the ordinary course of business). Except as set forth in Section 3.12(j) of the Disclosure Schedule, the Company Entities are not party to any written or binding oral employment agreements, arrangement or Contract with respect to any Current Employee (other than standard forms of employment offer letters that do not include severance obligations upon a termination of employment), and all such Current Employees are employed at will.
(b)    Compliance with Laws. The Company Entities are (and for the past five (5) years have been) in material compliance with all applicable Laws pertaining to labor and employment, including those related to employment and employment practices, terms and conditions of employment, equal employment opportunity, veterans’ rights, civil rights, employment standards, wages and hours, immigration, occupational health and safety, classification of workers as employees and independent contractors, workers’ compensation, human rights, non-discrimination, retaliation, the payment of withholdings and/or social security and similar Taxes, family and medical and other leaves, plant closings and mass layoffs, hiring, background checks, pay equity, collective bargaining and labor relations, document retention, health and safety, employment eligibility verification, child labor, harassment, accommodations, disability rights or benefits, affirmative action, unemployment insurance, employment and reemployment rights of members of the uniformed services and secondment (hereinafter collectively referred to as the “Employment Laws”); and, the Company Entities are not liable for any arrears of wages, other compensation or benefits, or any Taxes, fines, penalties or other amounts, however designated, for failure to comply with any of the foregoing Employment Laws. Except as set forth in
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Section 3.14(b) of the Disclosure Schedule, there are no (and in the past five (5) years there have been no material) Actions against the Company Entities pending, or to the knowledge of the Company, threatened to be brought or filed, in connection with the employment or engagement of any Service Provider, or otherwise relating to the labor or employment-related activities of any Company Entities.
(c)    Unions. The Company Entities are not (and in the past have not been) party to, or bound by, any collective bargaining or other agreement or Contract with a labor union, works council or other labor organization representing any Service Providers of any Company Entity, nor is any Company Entity negotiating or under an obligation to negotiate such a Contract. There are (and in the past have been) no pending, or to the knowledge of the Company, threatened, strikes, labor disputes, work stoppages, requests for representation, pickets, work slow-downs due to labor disagreements, or other similar labor disruptions affecting any Company Entities. There is no (and in the past five (5) years there has been no) activity or proceeding by any labor union, works council or other labor organization to organize any Service Providers of any Company Entity. There are no grievances or unfair labor practice or other Actions pending, or to the knowledge of the Company, threatened to be brought or filed, against any Company Entity before the National Labor Relations Board or any other Governmental Entity with respect to any Service Provider, or otherwise relating to the labor or employment-related activities of any Company Entity.
(d)    Classification. None of the Company Entities has any liability, whether absolute or contingent, with respect to any misclassification of any Person as an independent contractor or on any other non-employee basis rather than as an employee, with respect to any individual employed, engaged, or leased by any Company Entity from another employer, or with respect to any misclassification of any employee of any Company Entity as exempt versus non-exempt.
(e)    Certain Events. No Service Provider whose annual base compensation exceeds or in the past exceeded $100,000 and, to the knowledge of the Company, no other Service Provider is in any respect in violation of any obligation under any employment, consulting agreement, non-disclosure agreement, non-competition agreement, non-solicitation agreement, non-disparagement or other restrictive covenant owed to any Company Entity. No Current Employee with annual base compensation exceeding $100,000 has provided the Sellers, any Company Entity or the Blocker with written or, to the knowledge of the Company, oral notice of his or her intention to terminate his or her employment. No Service Provider has made allegations of sexual or other unlawful harassment or discrimination to any of the Company Entities in the last five (5) years against any officer or other management employee of any of the Company Entities.
(f)    WARN Act. During the three (3) years prior to the date of this Agreement, no Company Entities engaged in or effectuated any “plant closing” or “mass layoff” (in each case, as defined in the Worker Adjustment Retraining and Notification Act of 1988, as amended, or any similar foreign, state or local Law (the “WARN Act”)). Further, no Company Entity has carried out any “employment losses” (as such term is defined in the WARN Act), temporary layoff, relocation, or salary or hours reduction within the past six (6) months that could reasonably implicate the WARN Act.
3.15    Employee Benefit Plans.
(a)    Benefit Plans. Section 3.15(a) of the Disclosure Schedule contains a list of each Company Benefit Plan. For purposes of this Agreement, “Company Benefit Plan” shall mean each plan, program, policy, agreement, Contract, collective bargaining agreement or other arrangement providing for compensation, severance, deferred compensation, performance awards, bonus, incentive, equity or equity-based awards, fringe benefit, retirement, pension, profit-sharing, vacation or holiday pay,
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paid time off, sick leave, death, disability, medical, health and welfare, cafeteria, employee loan or retiree benefits or other employee or similar benefits or remuneration of any kind, including each employment, individual consulting, severance, retention, change in control or termination plan, program, arrangement, agreement, policy or Contract, in each case whether written or unwritten, funded or unfunded, including each “employee benefit plan,” within the meaning of Section 3(3) of ERISA, whether or not subject to ERISA, (i) which is sponsored, maintained, contributed to, or required to be contributed to, by any of the Company Entities for the benefit of any Service Provider or (ii) with respect to which any of the Company Entities have or could have any obligation or liability, whether actual or contingent (including any liability related to any plan, program, arrangement, agreement, policy or Contract of any ERISA Affiliate).
(b)    Documentation. With respect to each Company Benefit Plan, the Sellers have made available to Buyer (A) a complete and correct copy of such plan (including any amendments thereto) or, if not written, a summary of the material terms of such plan, (B) the most recent Internal Revenue Service determination or opinion letter, if applicable, (C) the current summary plan description and any summary of material modification, if applicable, (D) the three most recent annual reports, including all schedules and attachments (Form 5500 series or equivalent if required under applicable Law), (E) the most recent actuarial valuation report, if applicable, (F) the three most recent non-discrimination tests performed under the Code, if applicable, (G) all current trust, insurance, annuity, stop-loss or funding arrangements or Contracts; and (H) all material correspondence with any participant (excluding any correspondence related to routine claims for benefits under a Company Benefit Plan in the ordinary course of business) or Governmental Entity in the past three (3) years (including any filing under the Employee Plans Compliance Resolution System or the Department of Labor Delinquent Filer Program).
(c)    Compliance. (A) Each Company Benefit Plan has at all times been established, operated, funded and administered in compliance in all material respects with its terms and applicable Laws, including ERISA and the Code, as applicable, (B) each Company Benefit Plan intended to be “qualified” within the meaning of Section 401(a) of the Code is so qualified and has received a favorable determination letter from the IRS or is entitled to rely upon a favorable opinion letter issued by the IRS, and there are no existing circumstances or any events that have occurred that could reasonably be expected to affect adversely the qualified status of any such Company Benefit Plan, (C) the Company Entities are not currently subject to (and, with respect to events or circumstances occurring on or prior to, or in existence on the date hereof, are not reasonably expected to be subject to in the future) any Tax, fine, Lien, penalty or other liability imposed by ERISA, the Code or other applicable Laws (including any liability pursuant to Section 502 of ERISA, Title IV of ERISA or any Tax imposed pursuant to Section 4975 or Section 4976 of the Code), (D) there are (and in the past six (6) years have been) no pending, or to the knowledge of the Company, threatened or anticipated claims or Actions (other than routine claims for benefits) by, on behalf of or against any Company Benefit Plan or any trust related thereto which could reasonably be expected to result in any material liability to the Company Entities, (E) no audit or other Action by a Governmental Entity with respect to any Company Benefit Plan is (or in the past six (6) years has been) pending, or to the knowledge of the Company, threatened or anticipated, (F) none of the Company Entities, Service Providers, current or former fiduciaries (within the meaning of Section 3(21) of ERISA) of any Company Benefit Plan or, to the knowledge of the Company, any other “disqualified person” (as defined under Section 4975 of the Code) or “party in interest” (as defined under Section 3(14) of ERISA) has engaged in any prohibited transaction under ERISA or the Code for which an exemption (all the conditions of which have been satisfied) does not apply, or any breach of any of the duties imposed on fiduciaries by ERISA with respect to the Company Benefit Plans that could reasonably be expected to result in any material liability or excise tax under ERISA or the Code being imposed on any
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of the Company, any such Service Provider or any such fiduciary, (G) the Company Entities are (and for the past five (5) years have been) in compliance with the applicable requirements of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010, as amended (the “Affordable Care Act”), the Company Entities have not received notice of any assessment, fine, penalty, or Tax from a Governmental Entity and no event or circumstance has occurred that could subject the Company Entities to any fine, penalty or Tax under or in relation to the Affordable Care Act, and (H) no current or former Service Provider has at any time been included or excluded from participation in any Company Benefit Plan in a manner in violation of its terms or applicable Law.
(d)    Premiums; Stop-Loss Coverage. All premiums, contributions or other amounts payable by the Company Entities with respect to each Company Benefit Plan in respect of current or prior plan years have been paid on a timely basis or if not yet paid have been accurately accrued in full in the ordinary course of business in accordance with, GAAP (whether or not required under GAAP). Each Company Benefit Plan that is a self-insured “group health plan” (as defined under Section 5000(b)(1) of the Code) has at all times been covered by a fully-effective stop-loss insurance policy covering all participants therein.
(e)    Postretirement Benefits. Except as required under Section 4980B of the Code or Section 601, et seq., of ERISA (the full cost of which is borne by the applicable Service Provider or dependents thereof) or as set forth in Section 3.15(e) of the Disclosure Schedule, no Company Benefit Plan provides or has promised to provide benefits or coverage in the nature of health, life, disability insurance or other welfare benefits following retirement or other termination of employment or service.
(f)    Certain Obligations. Except as set forth in Section 3.15(f) of the Disclosure Schedule, the execution or approval of and/or consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement could not, either alone or in combination with another event (including termination of employment), (A) entitle any Service Provider to severance pay, unemployment compensation, loan forgiveness or any other payment or benefit from the Company Entities, (B) accelerate the time of payment, funding or vesting, or increase the amount of compensation or benefits due to any Service Provider, (C) otherwise give rise to, increase or otherwise modify any liability under any Company Benefit Plan or any employment or individual consulting agreement or Contract, or (D) limit in any manner the Company Entities’ ability to amend, modify or terminate any Company Benefit Plan.
(g)    Defined Benefit and Multiemployer Plans. Except as set forth in Section 3.15(g) of the Disclosure Schedule, none of the Company Entities or any of their ERISA Affiliates have at any time sponsored, maintained or contributed to (or been obligated to sponsor, maintain or contribute to) or had any liability, whether absolute or contingent, with respect to, and no Company Benefit Plan is, (A) a defined benefit pension plan subject to Title IV of ERISA or the minimum funding requirements of Sections 412 or 430 or the Code or Section 302 or 303 of ERISA, (B) a “multiemployer plan” (within the meaning of Section 4001(a)(3) or 3(37) of ERISA), (C) a “multiple employer plan” within the meaning of Section 413(c) of the Code, or (D) a “multiple employer welfare arrangement” within the meaning of Section 3(40) of ERISA. None of the Company Entities or any of their ERISA Affiliates have any liability, whether absolute or contingent, with respect to any plan or arrangement described in subsections (A) through (D) in this Section 3.15(g) (including, for the avoidance of doubt, any such plan or arrangement set forth on Section 3.15(g) of the Disclosure Schedule). None of the Company Entities has any liability, whether absolute or contingent, by reason of at any time being treated as a single employer with any other Person under Section 414 of the Code and such other Person incurring liability, whether absolute or contingent, with respect to any employee benefit plan, program, arrangement, agreement, policy or Contract.
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(h)    Non-U.S. Benefits. With respect to any Company Benefit Plan for the benefit of Service Providers or dependents thereof who perform services or who are employed outside of the United States (a “Non-US Plan”): (A) if required to have been approved by any non-U.S. Governmental Entity (or permitted to have been approved to obtain any beneficial tax or other status), such Non-US Plan has been so approved or timely submitted for approval; no such approval has been revoked (nor, to the knowledge of the Company, has revocation been threatened) and no event has occurred since the date of the most recent approval or application therefor that is reasonably likely to affect any such approval or increase the costs relating thereto; (B) if intended to be funded and/or book reserved, such Non-US Plan is fully funded and/or book reserved, as appropriate, based upon reasonable actuarial assumptions; (C) no material liability exists or reasonably could be imposed upon any Company Entity by reason of such Non-US Plan; (D) no Service Provider who is domiciled outside of the United States (or any of their dependents) is entitled to any pension, superannuation, retirement (including on early retirement) or death benefits (including in the form of a lump sum) (together, “Pension Benefits”) that become payable before their normal retirement age as stated in their contract of employment or such Company Benefit Plan itself; (E) apart from any general indemnity in favor of the trustees given by any Company Entity under the governing documents of such Non-US Plan, no Company Entity has given any indemnity, undertaking or guarantee in respect of such Non-US Plan; (F) the financial statements of such Non-US Plan accurately reflect such Non-US Plan’s liabilities and accruals for contributions required to be paid to such Non-US Plan, in accordance with applicable generally accepted accounting principles consistently applied; and (G) the assets of each Non-US Plan that provided Pension Benefits are sufficient to satisfy its respective liabilities (current and contingent) as at the date of this Agreement.
(i)    COVID-19. Except as set forth in Section 3.15(i) of the Disclosure Schedule, since January 1, 2020, no Company Entity has (i) reduced the compensation or benefits of any of its Service Providers or otherwise reduced the working schedule of any of its Service Providers, in each case for any reason relating to COVID-19, (ii) conducted any terminations, furloughs or other employee-related cost-cutting actions since January 1, 2020 related to COVID-19, including reducing compensation, benefits or working schedules, or (iii) elected to defer any Taxes payable or delay any contributions to any Company Benefit Plan pursuant to or in accordance with the CARES Act.
3.16    Intellectual Property.
(a)    Registered Intellectual Property. Section 3.16(a) of the Disclosure Schedule sets forth a true, correct and complete list and description of the following Intellectual Property that, in each case, has been registered (or, as applicable, applied for) by a Company Entity: (A) all Patents, (B) all Trademark registrations and pending Trademark registration applications, (C) all copyright registrations and pending copyright registration applications, and (D) all domain name registrations and pending domain name registrations (collectively, the “Registered Intellectual Property”), along with all material unregistered Trademarks. For each item of Registered Intellectual Property, Section 3.16(a) of the Disclosure Schedule lists (x) the record owner of such item, and, if different, the legal owner and beneficial owner of such item, (y) the jurisdiction in which such item is issued, registered or pending and (z) the issuance, registration or application date and number of such item. All Registered Intellectual Property is currently in compliance with all formal legal requirements (including, as applicable, payment of filing, examination and maintenance fees, inventor declarations, proofs of working or use, timely post-registration filing of affidavits of use and incontestability, and renewal applications) to maintain such Registered Intellectual Property in full force and effect. Except as set forth in Section 3.16(a) of the Disclosure Schedule, a Company Entity is the sole and exclusive owner of the Registered Intellectual Property and is entitled to use any and all such Registered Intellectual Property in connection with the current operation of the Business. All of the Owned Intellectual Property is valid, subsisting and
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enforceable, and no Owned Intellectual Property has ever been found invalid, unpatentable or unenforceable for any reason in any administrative, arbitration, judicial or other proceeding, except for rejections or refusals in connection with the prosecution of any Registered Intellectual Property. No Registered Intellectual Property has been or is now involved in any interference, reissue, re-examination, inter-partes review, post-grant review, or opposition proceeding. No Registered Intellectual Property at any time has been cancelled, abandoned, allowed to lapse or not renewed, except where the Company Entities have, their reasonable business judgment, decided to cancel, abandon, allow to lapse or not renew such Registered Intellectual Property.
(b)    Rights. Except as set forth in Section 3.16(b) of the Disclosure Schedule, the Company Entities (i) exclusively own all right, title and interest in and to all Owned Intellectual Property and all Owned Technology, and (ii) have valid and continuing rights to use, all other Company Intellectual Property and Company Technology as the same is used by the Company Entities in the Business as currently conducted; in each of the foregoing clauses (i) and (ii) above, free and clear of all Liens (other than Permitted Liens). The Company Intellectual Property and Company Technology comprise all of the Intellectual Property and Technology used or held for use in connection with the operation of the Business as currently conducted, and there is no other Intellectual Property or Technology that is necessary for the operation of the Business as currently conducted. The Company Entities have not transferred ownership of (whether a whole or partial interest), or granted any exclusive right to use, any Company Technology or Company Intellectual Property to any Person. No government funding, facilities, or personnel of any Governmental Entity or any public or private university, college, or other educational or research institution were used, directly or indirectly, to develop or create, in whole or in part, any Owned Intellectual Property or Owned Technology. No officer, employee or independent contractor of the Company Entities who was involved in, or who contributed to, the creation or development of any of the Owned Intellectual Property or Owned Technology has performed services for the government, university, college, or other educational institution or research center during a period of time during which such person was also performing services for the Company Entities in a manner that may give rise to any Intellectual Property ownership claims by such government, university, college, or other educational institution or research center with respect to any of the Owned Intellectual Property or Owned Technology.
(c)    No Violations. Except as set forth in Section 3.16(c) of the Disclosure Schedule, (A) no claims are pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened challenging the ownership (as applicable), enforceability, scope, validity, or use by the Company Entities of any Owned Intellectual Property or Owned Technology, or alleging that the Company Entities are violating, misappropriating or infringing the rights of any Person with regard to any Intellectual Property or Technology, or inviting the Company Entities to take a license under any Intellectual Property or consider the applicability of any Intellectual Property to any products or services of the Company Entities or the conduct of the Business, and (B) the operation of the Business, as is currently conducted, the products and services of the Company Entities, the Owned Intellectual Property and the Owned Technology do not infringe, misappropriate or violate (and did not in the past infringe, misappropriate or violate) any Intellectual Property of any Person. With respect to any third party Software used by the Company Entities, the Company Entities have, in accordance with each applicable third party’s Software licensing requirements, obtained the appropriate number of licenses to use such Software in the operation of the Business as currently conducted. The Company Entities have no obligation to compensate any Person for the use of any Intellectual Property or Technology, other than under any license agreement disclosed in Section 3.16(c) of the Disclosure Schedule, and have not entered into any agreement to indemnify any other Person against any claim of infringement or misappropriation of any Intellectual Property or Technology. There are no settlements, covenants not to sue, consents, judgments, or Orders or similar
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obligations that: (x) restrict the rights of the Company Entities to use any Intellectual Property or Technology in any manner, (y) restrict the business of the Company Entities in order to accommodate any third party’s Intellectual Property or Technology, or (z) permit third parties to use the Company Intellectual Property or Company Technology.
(d)    No Infringement or Misappropriation. Except as set forth in Section 3.16(d) of the Disclosure Schedule, (A) no Person has infringed, misappropriated or otherwise violated, and no Person is currently infringing, misappropriating, or otherwise violating, any of the Company Intellectual Property or the Company Entities’ rights therein or thereto, and (B) the Company Entities have not received from or delivered to any Person written notice of a claim for any such actual, alleged, or suspected infringement, misappropriation or other violation.
(e)    Trade Secrets. No Trade Secret included in the Owned Intellectual Property has been authorized to be disclosed or has been actually disclosed by the Company Entities to any Person other than pursuant to a written confidentiality Contract restricting the disclosure and use thereof. The Company Entities have taken all commercially reasonable measures to protect the secrecy, confidentiality, and value of all Trade Secrets owned by the Company Entities (collectively, the “Company Trade Secrets”), including, without limitation, requiring each employee and consultant of the Company Entities, and any other Person with access to the Company Trade Secrets, to execute a binding confidentiality agreement, copies or forms of which have been made available to Buyer and, to the Knowledge of the Company, there has not been any breach by any party to such confidentiality agreements of any such confidentiality agreements.
(f)    Employee IP Agreements. Each Person who is or was involved in the creation or development of any portion of, or would otherwise have rights in or to, any Owned Intellectual Property or Owned Technology has executed a valid and enforceable written agreement with the Company Entities that assigns to the Company Entities all rights, title and interest in and to any and all such Intellectual Property and Technology (“Employee IP Agreement”), and all Intellectual Property in such Person’s contribution is owned exclusively by the Company Entities. No current or former shareholder, officer, director, or employee of the Company Entities has any claim, right (whether or not currently exercisable), or ownership interest in any Company Intellectual Property or Company Technology, or has excluded any Intellectual Property or Technology from their Employee IP Agreement. To the Knowledge of the Company, no employee of the Company Entities is (A) bound by or otherwise subject to any Contract restricting him or her from performing his or her duties for the Company Entities, or (B) in breach of any Contract with any former employer or other Person concerning Intellectual Property or Technology or confidentiality due to his or her activities as an employee of the Company Entities.
(g)    No Third-Party Interests. The consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby will not result in the loss or impairment of any right of the Company Entities to own, use, practice or otherwise exploit any Company Intellectual Property or Company Technology. Neither this Agreement nor any transaction contemplated by this Agreement will result in the grant by the Company Entities to any Person of any ownership interest, license or other right with respect to any Company Intellectual Property or Company Technology pursuant to any Contract to which the Company Entities are party or by which any assets or properties of the Company Entities is bound.
(h)    Software. No Software owned by the Company Entities (“Company Software”) is subject to any “copyleft” or other obligation or condition (including any obligation or condition under any “open source” license such as the GNU Public License, Lesser GNU Public License, or Mozilla Public License) that (x) could require, or could condition the use or distribution of such
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Company Software thereof on, (1) the disclosure, licensing, or distribution of any Source Code for any portion of such Company Software, or (2) the granting to licensees of the right to make derivative works or other modifications to such Company Software or portions thereof, or (y) could otherwise impose any limitation, restriction, or condition on the right or ability of Company Entities to use, distribute or charge for any Company Software.
(i)    IT Systems. The IT Systems are adequate and sufficient (including with respect to working condition and capacity) for the operations of the Company Entities. The Company Entities have taken reasonable measures to (A) preserve and maintain the performance, security and integrity of the IT Systems (and all Software, information or data stored thereon) and (B) maintain reasonable documentation regarding all IT Systems, their methods of operation and their support and maintenance. During the two (2) year period prior to the date hereof, (x) there has been no failure with respect to any IT Systems that has had a material effect on the operations of the Company Entities and (y) to the knowledge of the Company, there has been no unauthorized access to or use of any IT Systems (or any Software, information or data stored thereon).
3.17    Data Privacy.
(a)    The Company Entities have complied in all material respects with (i) all Laws including Information Privacy Laws, (ii) each of their own published and internal (including both present and historic) privacy and data security policies, terms of use and guidelines related to information privacy and security, with respect to the collection, use, processing, disposal, disclosure, maintenance and transmission of Personal Information and Company Data, and (iii) each of their commitments to third parties regarding Personal Information and Company Data, including such commitments to customers, vendors, marketing affiliates, advertisers, advertising networks and other business partners.
(b)    To the Knowledge of the Company, there has been no security incident, violation of any data security policy, breach, unauthorized use, access, loss, damage, sharing, modification, or other misuse of any Company Data in the possession or control of the Company Entities, and the Company Entities have taken commercially reasonable measures to prevent unauthorized, access, loss, damage, use, sharing, modification, or other misuse of any Company Data in the possession or control of the Company Entities. No circumstances have arisen in the last three (3) years which would require a Company Entity to notify a governmental authority or other individual of a data security breach or security incident under Information Privacy Laws.
(c)    To the extent that the Company Entities Process any financial account numbers (such as credit cards, bank accounts, PayPal accounts, debit cards), passwords, CCV data, or other related data, the Company Entities have implemented information security procedures, processes and systems that comply with all material respects with all applicable Laws related to the Processing of cardholder data, including those established by applicable Governmental Entities, and the Payment Card Industry Standards Council (including the Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard).
(d)    Each Company Entity has written agreements in place with all affiliates, vendors or other persons whose relationship with such Company Entity involves the Processing of Personal Information or Company Data on behalf of such Company Entity, requiring such persons to maintain the confidentiality of the Personal Information and Company Data and safeguard such Personal Information and Company Data in a manner consistent with the Company Entity’s obligations and in compliance with applicable Laws including Information Privacy Laws (including in relation to data exports) and industry standards for entities operating businesses similar to the business of the Company Entities. Each Company Entity routinely engages in reasonable due diligence of vendors and third parties
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to whom it transfers Personal Information before allowing such vendors and third parties to access, receive or process Personal Information and engages in ongoing monitoring of vendors and third parties to verify compliance with their obligations under their respective contracts. Each Company Entity is compliant with all data export requirements set out the Information Privacy Laws.
(e)    The execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement and the transactions contemplated herein including the transfer of Personal Information and Company Data to the Buyer complies with the Company Entities’ applicable published privacy policies in all respects and will not require the consent of or notice to any person concerning such Personal Information and Company Data.
3.18    Indebtedness. Section 3.18 of the Disclosure Schedule sets forth a true and accurate list of the outstanding Indebtedness of the Company Entities. No default or event of default exists under any Contract, instrument or terms governing such Indebtedness, and no Company Entity has received any notice or other communication by any creditor or counterparty in respect of such Indebtedness alleging any actual or potential default or event of default under any Contract, instrument or terms governing such Indebtedness.
3.19    Powers of Attorney. No Company Entity has granted a power of attorney to any Person which has not been or will not have been terminated prior to the Closing, other than ministerial, de minimis powers of attorney which are revocable on demand by the Company Entities without liability.
3.20    Brokers and Finders. Except for Harris Williams LLC (all costs, fees and expenses of which under the engagement letter, dated November 25, 2020, between Xirgo Technologies, LLC and Harris Williams LLC, shall be a Seller Transaction Expense), neither the Company Entities nor any Seller has (a) retained, utilized or been represented by any broker or finder or (b) paid or become obligated to pay any fee or commission to any broker or finder, in each case, in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.
3.21    Warranty and Related Matters.
(a)    No Losses or Recalls. Except as set forth on Section 3.21(a) of the Disclosure Schedule, the Company Entities have not, during the past three (3) years, incurred any Loss, and have no knowledge of any facts, events or circumstances that would reasonably be expected to cause any material Loss, as a result of any defect or other deficiency (whether of design, materials, workmanship, labeling, instructions, or otherwise) with respect to any product designed, manufactured, sold, leased, licensed, or delivered, or any service provided by the Company Entities, whether such Loss is incurred by reason of any express or implied warranty (including any warranty of merchantability or fitness), any doctrine of common law (tort, contract, or other), any other legal requirement or otherwise. No Governmental Entity has alleged that any product designed, manufactured, sold, leased, licensed, or delivered by the Company Entities is defective or unsafe or fails to meet any product warranty or any standards promulgated by any such Governmental Entity. No product designed, manufactured, sold, leased, licensed, or delivered by the Company Entities has been recalled, and the Company Entities have not received any notice of recall (written or oral) of any such product from any Governmental Entity. To the knowledge of the Company, no event has occurred or circumstance exists that (with or without notice or lapse of time) could result in any such liability or recall.
(b)    Warranty Obligations. Except as set forth on Section 3.21(b) of the Disclosure Schedule, the Company Entities have not given to any Person any product or service guaranty or warranty, right of return or other indemnity relating to the products manufactured, sold, leased,
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licensed, or delivered, or services performed, by the Company Entities. The Company Entities have legally excluded liability for all special, incidental, punitive, and consequential damages to any customer, dealer, or distributor of the Company Entities or customer of any such dealer or distributor. The Company Entities’ reserve for warranty claims has been prepared in accordance with, and is consistent in all respects, with GAAP.
3.22    Related Party Arrangements. (x) Except as set forth in Section 3.22 of the Disclosure Schedule, and (y) excluding standard forms of employment offer letters that do not include severance obligations upon a termination of employment, or any other employment-related compensation and reimbursement arrangements entered into in the ordinary course of business or liabilities therefor incurred in the ordinary course of business, no Related Party (i) is a party to any Contract with any Company Entity; (ii) has any direct or indirect financial interest in, or is a director, officer, manager, employee or consultant of, any competitor, supplier, licensor, distributor, lessor, independent contractor or customer of any Company Entity (it being agreed, however, that the passive ownership of securities listed on any national securities exchange representing no more than five percent (5%) of the outstanding voting power of any Person shall not be deemed to be a “financial interest” in any such Person); (iii) has any interest in any property, asset or right used by any Company Entity necessary for the Business; (iv) has outstanding any Indebtedness owed to any Company Entity; or (v) has received any funds from any Company Entity since the date of the Recent Balance Sheet, or is the obligee or beneficiary of any liability of any Company Entity (such transactions and arrangements described in the foregoing clauses (i) through (v), a “Related Party Arrangement”). For purposes of this Agreement, “Related Party” means (A) any shareholder, partner, member, director, manager, officer, employee, or Affiliate of any Company Entity; (B) any individual related by blood, marriage or adoption to any such Person in clause (A); or (C) any entity in which any such Person in clause (A) owns any beneficial interest.
3.23    Export Controls and Sanctions.
(a)    Section 3.23 of the Disclosure Schedule sets forth a true, complete, and correct list of all active registrations, licenses, and other Permits held or relied upon by the Company Entities or any Affiliate of any Company Entity under the Export Control Laws or Sanctions Laws, and identifies any pending applications for such registrations, licenses, or other Permits.
(b)    None of the Company Entities, any Affiliate of any Company Entity, or any director, officer, or, to the Company’s knowledge, employee or agent of any Company Entity or any Affiliate of any Company Entity is a Sanctioned Person or is subject to debarment or any list-based designations under the Export Control Laws or Sanctions Laws.
(c)    The Company Entities and their Affiliates are in compliance with, and have since January 1, 2017, complied with all applicable Export Control Laws and Sanctions Laws.
(d)    The Company Entities and their Affiliates are not currently and have not in the five (5) years preceding the date of this Agreement been the subject of, or otherwise involved in, any investigations, inquiries, or enforcement actions by any Governmental Entity with respect to any actual or alleged violations of Export Control Laws or Sanctions Laws.
4.    REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE SELLERS
    Each Seller, severally and not jointly, as to himself, herself or itself, as applicable, hereby makes the following representations and warranties to Buyer as of the date hereof and as of the Closing Date:
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4.1    Right to Sell Acquired Securities; Binding Effect; Organization and Power. Such Seller has all requisite power and full legal right to enter into this Agreement and each Related Agreement to which such Seller is to be a party, to perform all of such Seller’s agreements and obligations hereunder or thereunder in accordance with its terms, and to sell to Buyer all of the Blocker Shares and Purchased Units owned by such Seller as contemplated hereby. This Agreement has been, and each Related Agreement to which such Seller will be a party will be, duly executed and delivered by such Seller, and assuming the due authorization, execution and delivery by the other Parties hereto and thereto (other than such Seller) this Agreement and each such Related Agreement constitutes or will constitute, as applicable, the legal, valid and binding obligation of such Seller, enforceable against such Seller in accordance with its terms, except as such enforceability may be subject to applicable bankruptcy, reorganization, insolvency, moratorium and similar laws affecting the enforcement of creditors’ rights generally and by general principles of equity. If such Seller is an entity, it is duly organized, validly existing and (where such concept is meaningful) in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its formation, and each such Seller’s Organizational Documents (of which each such Seller is not in violation) are in full force and effect. If such Seller is a natural person, such Seller (a) is mentally competent and in all respects of sound mind, (b) is over the age of twenty-one (21), (c) is used to managing such Seller’s financial affairs, (d) has not had a conservator or guardian appointed for such Seller pursuant to an Order, and (e) is familiar with and fully understands the nature, purpose and effect of this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby.
4.2    Title to Interests, Liens, etc.
(a)    Such Seller has good and valid title to, and is the record and beneficial owner of, the Acquired Securities listed opposite such Seller’s name in Section 4.2(a) of the Disclosure Schedule, free and clear of any Lien, other than Permitted Equity Liens, and the Acquired Securities held by such Seller constitute all of the (i) membership interests in the Company or (ii) capital stock of Blocker, as applicable, owned beneficially or held of record by such Seller as of the date of this Agreement. Upon the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby, and assuming the accuracy of the representations and warranties of Buyer set forth in Article 6, Buyer will acquire record and beneficial ownership of all of the Acquired Securities held, directly or indirectly, by such Seller, free and clear of any Lien (other Permitted Equity Liens and any other Liens or restrictions imposed thereon by Buyer).
(b)    Except as set forth opposite such Seller’s name in Section 4.2(b) of the Disclosure Schedule, such Seller does not own any other securities of any Company Entity or Blocker of any class or kind, including any debt securities of any class or kind, nor does such Seller have any right or option to subscribe for, or to purchase, shares or other Equity Securities or debt securities of any Company Entity or Blocker, other than as provided in the Company Entity Organizational Documents of the Blocker Organizational Documents. Except as provided in this Agreement, any Related Agreement, the Company Entity Organizational Documents or Blocker Organizational Documents, as applicable, such Seller is not party to or bound by any agreement or instrument affecting or relating to such Seller’s right to transfer or vote the Acquired Securities owned by such Seller.
(c)    Upon payment of the applicable portion of the Purchase Price to the Sellers at the Closing, and assuming the accuracy of the representations and warranties of Buyer set forth in Article 6, such Seller will convey good and valid title to the Acquired Securities held by such Seller prior to the Closing, free and clear of all Liens, other than Permitted Equity Liens and any other Liens or restrictions imposed thereon by Buyer.
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4.3    No Violation. Except for the Required Regulatory Approvals and compliance with any filings under the HSR Act and any applicable foreign antitrust laws, neither the execution and delivery by such Seller of this Agreement or the Related Agreements to be executed and delivered by such Seller, nor the compliance by such Seller with the provisions of this Agreement or the Related Agreements to be executed and delivered by such Seller, nor the consummation by such Seller of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby will (a) violate any Law or Order applicable to such Seller; (b) require any authorization, consent or approval by, filing with or notice to any Governmental Entity, with respect to such Seller; or (c) violate or conflict with, constitute a default under, result in the automatic termination of, or give rise to a right of termination or material modification of, or accelerate the performance required by, the express terms of (i) to the extent such Seller is not a natural person, the Organizational Documents of such Seller or (ii) any Contract to which such Seller is a party, except in the case of clause (c)(ii) above, for any such violations, conflicts, defaults, terminations, accelerations, or material modifications that, individually or in the aggregate, would not be reasonably expected to have the effect of preventing, materially delaying or making illegal the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.
4.4    Governmental Consents.
(a)    No consent of, or registration, declaration, notice or filing with, any Governmental Entity is required to be obtained or made by such Seller in connection with the execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement by such Seller or the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby by such Seller, other than (a) compliance with and filings as may be required under the HSR Act and any applicable foreign antitrust laws, (b) such consents, approvals, Orders authorizations, registrations declarations and filings as may be required under applicable state and federal securities laws and the securities laws of any foreign country, (c) the Required Regulatory Approvals, and (d) where the failure to obtain such consent or to make such registration, declaration, notice or filing would not, when taken together with all other such failures by such Seller, reasonably be expected to prevent, delay or materially impair the ability of such Seller to consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.
4.5    Litigation. There is no Action pending or, to the knowledge of such Seller, threatened against such Seller or any of its Affiliates, and there is no outstanding Order against such Seller or any of its Affiliates, in each case relating to such Seller’s execution, performance and delivery of this Agreement or any Related Agreement to which such Seller is to be a party or the consummation by such Seller of the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby. No Action is pending or, to the knowledge of such Seller threatened, against such Seller before any arbitrator or court or other Governmental Entity which (a) if adversely determined, would be reasonably likely to result in payments, penalties or fines payable by such Seller or injunctive relief against such Seller in connection with this Agreement or any Related Agreement to which such Seller is a party or the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby, or (b) challenges the validity of this Agreement or any Related Agreement to which such Seller is a party or any action taken or to be taken by such Seller in connection herewith or therewith.
4.6    Brokers and Finders. Except for Harris Williams LLC (all costs, fees and expenses of which under the engagement letter, dated November 25, 2020, between Xirgo Technologies, LLC and Harris Williams LLC, shall be a Seller Transaction Expense), such Seller has not (a) retained, utilized or been represented by any broker or finder or (b) paid or become obligated to pay any fee or commission to any broker or finder, in each case, in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.
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5.    REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF BLOCKER
    Blocker hereby makes the following representations and warranties to Buyer as of the date hereof and as of the Closing Date:
5.1    Organization and Power. Blocker is a corporation duly organized and validly existing under the laws of the State of Indiana, with full corporate power and authority to enter into this Agreement and each Related Agreement to which Blocker is to be a party and perform its obligations hereunder and thereunder in accordance with its terms. Blocker has provided Buyer with true, correct and complete copies of the Blocker Organizational Documents. The Blocker Organizational Documents (of which Blocker is not in violation) are in full force and effect.
5.2    Authority. The execution, delivery and performance by Blocker of this Agreement and the Related Agreements to be executed and delivered by Blocker and the consummation by Blocker of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby have been duly and validly authorized by Blocker. No other or further corporate action on the part of Blocker is necessary for Blocker to authorize (a) this Agreement or the Related Agreements to be executed and delivered by Blocker, or (b) the consummation by Blocker of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby. Assuming the due authorization, execution and delivery thereof by the other Parties hereto and thereto, this Agreement constitutes, and when executed and delivered, the Related Agreements to be executed and delivered by Blocker will constitute, valid and binding agreements of Blocker, enforceable against Blocker in accordance with their respective terms, except as such may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization or other Laws affecting creditors’ rights generally and by general equitable principles.
5.3    No Violation. Except for the Required Regulatory Approvals and compliance with any filings required under the HSR Act or any foreign antitrust laws, neither the execution and delivery by Blocker of this Agreement or the Related Agreements to be executed and delivered by Blocker, nor the compliance by Blocker with the provisions of this Agreement or the Related Agreements to be executed and delivered by Blocker, nor the consummation by Blocker of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby (a) violate any Law or Order applicable to Blocker, (b)  require any authorization, consent or approval by, filing with or notice to any Governmental Entity, or (c) violate or conflict with, constitute a default under, result in the automatic termination or give rise to a right of termination or material modification of, or accelerate the performance required by, the express terms of (i) the Blocker Organizational Documents or (ii) any Contract to which Blocker is a party, except in the case of clause (c)(ii) above, for any such violations, conflicts, defaults, terminations, accelerations, or material modifications that, individually or in the aggregate, would not be reasonably expected to have the effect of preventing, materially delaying or making illegal the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.
5.4    No Operations; Title; Capitalization.
(a)    Blocker has no, and has never had any, liabilities, obligations, debts, Contracts, property, assets, employees or operations other than (i) related to its status as a holding company of the equity securities of the Company, including actions taken as a member of the Company, (ii) related to the maintenance of its corporate existence, (iii) related to the issuance of its equity securities, (iv) liabilities for income Taxes arising from its ownership of the Units, (v) cash or cash equivalents and (vi) liabilities and assets expressly created pursuant to this Agreement or any Related Agreement to which Blocker will be a party.
(b)    Blocker has good and valid title to, and is the record and beneficial owner of, its Units.
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(c)    The Blocker Shares constitute all of issued and outstanding equity interests of Blocker. No Blocker Shares (or any other Equity Securities of Blocker) are reserved for issuance.
(d)    All of the Blocker Shares have been duly authorized and validly issued in compliance with the Blocker Organizational Documents and all applicable Laws, are fully paid and nonassessable, and (other than as provided in the Blocker Organizational Documents) are not subject to, and were not issued in violation of, any pre-emptive rights. Except as set forth in Section 5.4(d)(1) of the Disclosure Schedule or as provided in the Blocker Organizational Documents, no subscription, warrant, option, convertible security or other right (contingent or otherwise) to purchase or acquire any Blocker Shares or other Equity Securities of Blocker is authorized or outstanding. Blocker has no obligation to issue any subscription, warrant, option, convertible security or other such right or to issue or distribute to the holders of any Blocker Shares any evidence of indebtedness or assets of Blocker, as the case may be. Except pursuant the Blocker Organizational Documents or as contemplated by this Agreement or any Related Agreement, Blocker has no obligation to purchase, redeem or otherwise acquire any Equity Securities of Blocker or to pay any dividend or make any other distribution in respect thereof. Except as set forth in Section 5.4(d)(2) of the Disclosure Schedule, there are no outstanding or authorized options, stock appreciation, phantom stock, profit participation or similar rights with respect to Blocker. There are no bonds, debentures, notes or other indebtedness of Blocker having the right to vote (or convertible into, or exchangeable for, securities having the right to vote) on any matters on which the holders of the Blocker Shares may vote as shareholders of Blocker. Except as provided in the Blocker Organizational Documents, there are no (i) outstanding obligations of Blocker (contingent or otherwise) to repurchase or otherwise acquire or retire any of its Equity Securities or any warrants, options or other rights to acquire its Equity Securities, or (ii) voting trusts, proxies or other agreements among Blocker’s shareholders or any other Person with respect to the voting or transfer of the Blocker’s Equity Securities.
5.5    Governmental Consents.
(a)    No consent of, or registration, declaration, notice or filing with, any Governmental Entity is required to be obtained or made by, or given to, Blocker in connection with Blocker’s execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement or the consummation by Blocker of the transactions contemplated hereby, other than (a) compliance with and filings as may be required under the HSR Act and any applicable foreign antitrust laws, (b) such consents, approvals, Orders authorizations, registrations declarations and filings as may be required under applicable state and federal securities laws and the securities laws of any foreign country, (c) the Required Regulatory Approvals, and (d) where the failure to obtain such consent or to make such registration, declaration, notice or filing would not, when taken together with all other such failures by Blocker, reasonably be expected to prevent, delay or materially impair the ability of Blocker to consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.
5.6    Litigation. There is no Action pending or, to the knowledge of Blocker, threatened against Blocker or any of its Affiliates, and there is no outstanding Order against Blocker or any of its Affiliates, in each case that, relating to Blocker’s execution, performance and delivery of this Agreement or any Related Agreement to which Blocker is to be a party or the consummation by Blocker of the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby. No Action is pending or, to the knowledge of Blocker threatened, against Blocker before any arbitrator or court or other Governmental Entity which (i) if adversely determined, would be reasonably likely to result in payments, penalties or fines payable by Blocker or injunctive relief against Blocker in connection with this Agreement or any Related Agreement to which Blocker is a party or the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby, or (ii) challenges the validity of this Agreement or any Related Agreement to which Blocker is a party or any action taken or to be taken by Blocker in connection herewith or therewith.
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5.7    Compliance with Law. Blocker since its formation has complied in all material respects with, and is in compliance in all material respects with, all Laws applicable to the holding of its Units. Since its formation, no Governmental Entity has alleged in writing that Blocker has violated any provision of any applicable Law in respect of the holding of its Units. Blocker has all Permits necessary under applicable Law for it to lawfully hold its Units. Since Blocker’s formation, (a) there has been no suspension or cancellation of any of such Permits, (b) no such suspension is now pending or has been threatened in writing, and (c) Blocker has not been in material violation of or in material default under any such Permit. Since Blocker’s formation, to the knowledge of Blocker, there has been no (i) investigation, review or proceeding instituted by any Person that could reasonably be expected to result in a claim or notice of violation or non-compliance with, or a revocation, non-renewal or a modification of, any such Permit in any material respect, or (ii) event, omission or condition that could reasonably be expected to result in a notice of violation or non-compliance with, or a revocation, non-renewal or modification or revision of, any such Permit in any material respect.
5.8    Brokers and Finders. Except for Harris Williams LLC (all costs, fees and expenses of which under the engagement letter, dated November 25, 2020, between Xirgo Technologies, LLC and Harris Williams LLC, shall be a Seller Transaction Expense), Blocker has not (a) retained, utilized or been represented by any broker or finder, or (b) paid or become obligated to pay any fee or commission to any broker or finder, in each case, in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.
5.9    Employment and Benefits. Except for the directors of the Blocker, the Blocker has not at any time employed or engaged any Service Providers. Except for compensation paid to the directors of the Blocker in the ordinary course of business (for which Blocker shall have no remaining liability or obligation after the Closing), the Blocker has not at any time paid or provided any compensation or benefits to any Service Providers or sponsored, maintained or contributed to (or had any liability, whether absolute or contingent, in respect of) any employee benefit plan, program, policy, agreement, Contract or arrangement and no compensation or benefits are due from the Blocker to any Service Provider in connection with the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement or otherwise.
5.10    Taxes.
(a)    Tax Returns. Blocker has duly and timely filed or caused to be filed (taking into account any valid extensions) all Tax Returns required to be filed by it. All such Tax Returns are true, complete and accurate in all material respects. Blocker is not currently the beneficiary of any extension of time within which to file any Tax Return. All Taxes due and owing by Blocker, whether or not shown on any Tax Return, have been timely paid. No claim has ever been made by a Governmental Entity in a jurisdiction where Blocker does not file a Tax Return that Blocker is or may be subject to Tax by that jurisdiction. Blocker has delivered or made available to Buyer complete copies of all federal, state, local and foreign Tax Returns filed by Blocker for all taxable years remaining open under the applicable statute of limitations.
(b)    Liens. There are no Liens for Taxes upon the assets of Blocker other than statutory Liens for current Taxes not yet due and payable.
(c)    Deficiencies and Proceedings. No deficiency for Taxes has ever been proposed, asserted or assessed in writing by any Governmental Entity against Blocker. There have never been any waivers or extensions of any statute of limitations with respect to Taxes of Blocker. There are no, and have never been any, pending audits, suits, proceedings, investigations, claims, examinations or other administrative or judicial proceedings with respect to any Taxes of Blocker and no such audits,
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suits, proceedings, investigations, claims, examinations or other administrative or judicial proceedings have been threatened in writing by any Governmental Entity.
(d)    Withholding. All Taxes which Blocker is obligated to withhold under applicable Law from amounts owing to any Person have been properly withheld.
(e)    Third-Party Taxes. Blocker has no liability for the Taxes of any other Person (i) under Treasury Regulation Section 1.1502-6 (or any similar provision of state, local or foreign Law), (ii) as a transferee or successor, (iii) by Contract or (iv) otherwise.
(f)    Tax Status. Blocker is, and at all times since Blocker’s formation has been, properly treated as a C corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes.
(g)    Allocation Methodology. The Allocation Methodology is consistent with the economic entitlement of the Blocker Sellers and the Blocker relative to the Company Sellers under the relevant Company Entity Organizational Documents (and any other relevant Contracts), and all payments to be made to the Blocker Seller hereunder represent consideration for the Blocker Shares for U.S. federal income Tax purposes and will not give rise to any Tax liability of Blocker.

6.    REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF BUYER
    Buyer hereby makes the following representations and warranties to the Company Securityholders, the Company and Blocker as of the date hereof and as of the Closing Date:
6.1    Due Organization and Power. Buyer is a corporation duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the Laws of the State of Delaware. Buyer has all requisite organizational power, legal right and authority to execute and deliver this Agreement and the Related Agreements to be executed and delivered by Buyer and to carry out the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby.
6.2    Authority. The execution and delivery by Buyer of this Agreement and the Related Agreements to be executed and delivered by Buyer and the consummation by Buyer of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby have been duly and validly authorized by Buyer. No other or further organizational act or other proceedings on the part of Buyer is necessary to authorize this Agreement or the Related Agreements to be executed and delivered by Buyer or the consummation by Buyer of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby. Assuming the due authorization, execution and delivery thereof by the other Parties hereto and thereto, this Agreement constitutes, and when executed and delivered, the Related Agreements to be executed and delivered by Buyer will constitute, valid and binding agreements of Buyer, enforceable against Buyer in accordance with their respective terms, except as such may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization or other Laws affecting creditors’ rights generally and by general equitable principles.
6.3    No Violation. Except for the Required Regulatory Approvals, neither the execution and delivery by Buyer of this Agreement or the Related Agreements to be executed and delivered by Buyer nor the consummation by Buyer of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby will (a) violate any Law or Order applicable to Buyer, (b)  require any authorization, consent or approval by, filing with or notice to any Governmental Entity, or (c) violate or conflict with, constitute a default under, result in the automatic termination or give rise to a right of termination or material modification of, or accelerate the performance required by, the express terms of (i) the Organizational Documents of Buyer or (ii) of any Contract to which Buyer is a party or by which it is bound, except for such violations,
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conflicts, defaults, terminations, accelerations, or material modification that, individually or in the aggregate, would not be reasonably expected to have the effect of preventing, materially delaying or making illegal the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.
6.4    No Consent. No consent of, or registration, declaration, notice or filing with, any Governmental Entity is required to be obtained or made by Buyer in connection with the execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement by Buyer or the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby by Buyer, other than (a) compliance with and filings as may be required under the HSR Act and any applicable foreign antitrust laws, (b) such consents, approvals, Orders authorizations, registrations declarations and filings as may be required under applicable state and federal securities laws and the securities laws of any foreign country, (c) the Required Regulatory Approvals, and (d) where the failure to obtain such consent or to make such registration, declaration, notice or filing would not, when taken together with all other such failures by Buyer, reasonably be expected to prevent, delay or materially impair the ability of Buyer to consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.
6.5    Litigation. There is no Action pending or, to the knowledge of Buyer, threatened against Buyer or any of its Affiliates, and there is no outstanding Order against Buyer or any of its Affiliates, in each case that, relating to Buyer’s execution, performance and delivery of this Agreement or any Related Agreement to which Buyer is to be a party or the consummation by Buyer of the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby. No Action is pending or threatened against Buyer before any arbitrator or court or other Governmental Entity which challenges the validity of this Agreement or any Related Agreement or any action taken or to be taken in connection herewith or therewith.
6.6    Investment Intent. Buyer is acquiring the Acquired Securities for its own account and not with a view toward any resale or distribution of the same or any beneficial interest therein. Buyer acknowledges and agrees that the Acquired Securities may not be sold, transferred, offered for sale, pledged, hypothecated or otherwise disposed of without registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or an applicable exemption therefrom and without compliance with other securities Laws to the extent applicable. Buyer (either alone or together with its advisors) has sufficient knowledge and experience in financial and business matters so as to be capable of evaluating the merits and risks of its investment in the Acquired Securities and is capable of bearing the economic risks of such investment.
6.7    Independent Investigation. Buyer is an informed and sophisticated Person, and has engaged advisors experienced in the evaluation and purchase of companies such as Blocker, the Company and its Subsidiaries as contemplated hereby. Buyer has conducted its own independent investigation, review and analysis of the business, results of operations, prospects, condition (financial and otherwise), assets and liabilities of Blocker, the Company and each of its Subsidiaries. In making its decision to enter into this Agreement and to consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, Buyer has relied solely upon its own investigation and the express representations and warranties set forth in Articles 3, 4 and 5 above.
6.8    Financing of Acquisition. Buyer has adequate cash on hand, or access to credit facilities currently in place, to permit Buyer to consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement without obtaining debt or equity financing from any other source.
6.9    Solvency. Immediately after giving effect to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, Buyer, Blocker, the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, shall be able to pay their respective debts as they become due and collectively shall own property having a fair saleable value (if sold as an entirety with reasonable promptness in an arm’s length transaction under present conditions) in excess of their collective liabilities (whether liquidated, unliquidated, fixed, contingent, matured,
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unmatured, disputed, undisputed, secured, unsecured or otherwise), taken as a whole. Immediately after giving effect to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, Buyer, Blocker, the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, shall have adequate capital to carry on their respective businesses.
6.10    Brokers and Finders. Neither Buyer nor any of its Affiliates has (a) retained, utilized or been represented by any broker or finder or (b) paid or become obligated to pay any fees or commissions to any broker or finder, in each case, in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.
7.    DISCLAIMER OF ADDITIONAL REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES; SURVIVAL OF REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES
7.1    No Other Representations and Warranties. Buyer hereby acknowledges that, except for the express representations and warranties contained in Articles 3, 4 and 5 (and with respect to the Company Option Holders, contained in their respective Option Cancellation and Joinder Agreements), no Person (including the Company Securityholders, the Company, Blocker, their respective Affiliates and each of their respective Representatives) has made, hereby makes, or shall hereafter make or be deemed to make any representation or warranty, whether written or oral and whether express or implied, concerning or relating in any way to any Company Securityholder, the Company, any of its Subsidiaries, or Blocker, including as to (a) the financial condition, assets, liabilities or prospects of Blocker, the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, (b) the accuracy or completeness of any information regarding the Company, any of its Subsidiaries, or Blocker furnished or made available to Buyer, any of its Affiliates or any of their respective Representatives, or (c) the future revenue, profitability or success of Blocker, the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or as to any projections. The Company Securityholders, Blocker and the Company have relied on the acknowledgment of Buyer set forth in this Section 7.1 in entering into this Agreement and consummating the transactions contemplated by this Agreement. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, but without limiting the express representations and warranties contained in Articles 3, 4 and 5 (and with respect to the Company Option Holders, contained in their respective Option Cancellation and Joinder Agreements), any representation or warranty arising from statute or otherwise in Law (including as to merchantability or fitness for any particular purpose) that relates in any way to the Company Securityholders, Blocker, the Company or any of its Subsidiaries hereby is expressly disclaimed.
7.2    Survival of Representations and Warranties.
(a)    Representations and Warranties of the Company Securityholders, Blocker, and the Company. Without limiting any remedy of Buyer or the Buyer Indemnified Parties with respect to Fraud perpetrated by the Company Securityholders, Blocker or the Company, (i) all representations and warranties of the Company Securityholders, Blocker and the Company set forth in Articles 3, 4 and 5 of this Agreement (and with respect to the Company Option Holders, contained in their respective Option Cancellation and Joinder Agreements) or in the certificates delivered by the Company pursuant to Section 10.2(k) and Section 10.2(l) (other than the Fundamental Representations and the representations and warranties respecting Fundamental Representations set forth in the certificates delivered by the Company pursuant to Section 10.2(k) and Section 10.2(l)) shall, in each case, terminate and expire, and shall be of no further force or effect whatsoever, at and immediately following the Closing, and (ii) the Fundamental Representations (and the representations and warranties respecting Fundamental Representations set forth in the certificates delivered by the Company pursuant to Section 10.2(k) and Section 10.2(l)) shall terminate and expire, and shall be of no further force or effect whatsoever, on the sixth (6th) anniversary of the Closing Date. From and after the Closing, no Buyer Indemnified Party shall have any right whatsoever to assert any claim or other Action, whether under Article 9 of this Agreement or otherwise,
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against any Person for any breach of any such representations and warranties (other than the Fundamental Representations, but subject in all respects to the limitations thereon set forth in the immediately preceding sentence and in Article 9), other than for any Fraud perpetrated by the Company Securityholders, Blocker or the Company. From and after the sixth (6th) anniversary of the Closing Date, no Buyer Indemnified Party shall have any right whatsoever to assert any claim or other Action, whether under Article 9 of this Agreement or otherwise, against any Person for any breach of any Fundamental Representations (or the representations and warranties respecting Fundamental Representations set forth in the certificates delivered by the Company pursuant to Section 10.2(k) and Section 10.2(l)), other than for Fraud perpetrated by the Company Securityholders, Blocker or the Company.
(b)    Representations and Warranties of Buyer. Without limiting any remedy of the Company Securityholders with respect to Fraud perpetrated by the Buyer, (i) all representations and warranties of the Buyer set forth in Article 6 of this Agreement (other than the Buyer Fundamental Representations), shall, in each case, terminate and expire, and shall be of no further force or effect whatsoever, at and immediately following the Closing, and (ii) the Buyer Fundamental Representations (and the representations and warranties respecting the Buyer Fundamental Representations set forth in the certificates delivered by the Buyer pursuant to Section 10.3(e) or Section 10.3(f)) shall terminate and expire, and shall be of no further force or effect whatsoever, on the sixth (6th) anniversary of the Closing Date. From and after the sixth (6th) anniversary of the Closing Date, no Seller Indemnified Party shall have any right whatsoever to assert any claim or other Action, whether under Article 9 of this Agreement or otherwise, against the Buyer for any breach of or inaccuracy in any such representations and warranties (other than the Buyer Fundamental Representations, but subject in all respects to the limitations set forth thereon in the immediately preceding sentence), other than for any Fraud perpetrated by Buyer.
8.    COVENANTS
8.1    Conduct of Business Prior to Closing. From the date hereof until the Closing, except as otherwise required in this Agreement or expressly consented to in writing by Buyer, each of Blocker and the Company shall, and the Company shall cause each of its Subsidiaries to, (a) with respect to the Company and its Subsidiaries, conduct the Business in the ordinary course of business consistent with the past practice, except as otherwise required by applicable Law, and (b) use commercially reasonable efforts to maintain and preserve intact its current organization, business, assets and franchise, and to preserve the rights, franchises, goodwill and relationships of its employees, customers, lenders, suppliers, regulators and others having material business relationships with it. From the date hereof until the Closing, except as otherwise required in this Agreement or as expressly consented to in writing by Buyer (which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed with respect to Section 8.1(g), Section 8.1(i), and Section 8.1(q) below), the each of Blocker and the Company shall, and the Company shall cause each of its Subsidiaries to, refrain from taking any of the following actions:
(a)    amend or modify any of their respective Organizational Documents;
(b)    (i) transfer, issue, pledge, encumber (or impose a Lien on), assign, sell or dispose of, or grant options, warrants, incentive equity, phantom equity, equity appreciation rights or other rights to purchase or otherwise acquire, any capital stock, membership interests or other equity interests or any securities or instruments convertible, exchangeable or exercisable therefor of such Person, or (ii) repurchase, redeem or otherwise acquire any of the foregoing described in clause (i).
(c)    effect any recapitalization, reclassification, reorganization, dissolution, liquidation or like change;
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(d)    merge or consolidate with or into another Person or otherwise acquire any other Person (whether by merger, equity acquisition, asset purchase, or otherwise);
(e)    declare, set aside or pay any dividend or distribution in any property or in respect of any equity interest, other than ordinary course tax distributions paid in cash and made in compliance with Section 7.03 of the Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement of the Company, dated as of December 1, 2016 (as amended) (to the extent such tax distributions would, if not distributed, constitute Closing Cash and the payment of such tax distribution accordingly reduces Closing Cash);
(f)    (i) make any change in any method of financial or Tax accounting, or financial or Tax accounting method, practice, or policy (including any change in its annual accounting period), (ii) make, revoke or amend any Tax election, (iii) enter into any closing agreement or settlement with any Governmental Entity in respect of Taxes, (iv) consent to any extension or waiver of the limitation period applicable to any Tax claim or assessment, (v) surrender any claim to a refund of Taxes, (vi) concede any material claim or assessment in respect of material Taxes, (vii) file any amended Tax Return, or (viii) file any Tax Return in respect of an Acquired Company except in a manner that is materially consistent with the past practice of such Acquired Company in filing such Tax Returns;
(g)    purchase, lease, license or otherwise acquire any asset outside of the ordinary course of business or any business of another Person, which is valued at or involves consideration of, individually or in the aggregate with others, more than $100,000;
(h)    sell, lease, transfer, assign, license, abandon, permit to lapse or otherwise dispose of, as applicable, to another Person (i) any asset outside the ordinary course of business (other than any such asset that is obsolete, surplus, damaged or worn-out) or any division or business line, which is valued at or involves consideration of, individually or in the aggregate with others, of more than $250,000 or (ii) any Technology or Intellectual Property (other than non-exclusive licenses granted to customers in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice);
(i)    make or incur any capital expenditures that, individually or in the aggregate, are in excess of $100,000;
(j)    terminate any Material Contract, materially amend, modify or waive any terms of any Material Contract, enter into any Contract that would be a Material Contract if entered into prior to the date hereof, or cancel, modify or waive any material claims held by it under any Material Contract, other than purchase orders or standard form or term Contracts with customers, suppliers or sales representatives in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice;
(k)    (i) adopt, establish or assume any obligation under, or modify, amend or terminate any, Company Benefit Plan (except as may be required pursuant to the terms of such plan as in effect on the date hereof or applicable Law) or (ii) negotiate, enter into, become bound by, modify or terminate any collective bargaining agreement or other Contract with any labor union, works council or other labor organization to which any Company Entity or Blocker is a party or otherwise bound or subject to;
(l)    (i) enter into any employment, independent contractor, consulting, or similar Contracts with management-level employees or with payments exceeding $125,000 per year individually, or $500,000 in the aggregate, (ii) hire or terminate the employment of any employee whose annual compensation is greater than $125,000 or any management-level employee (other than terminations for
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cause as determined in good faith by the applicable Company Entity), (iii) enter into any change in control, transaction bonus, severance, retention or similar Contract with any Service Provider, (iv) grant or increase any compensation or benefits (including equity or equity-based compensation) to any Service Provider under any Company Benefit Plan or otherwise, other than (A) increases in annual base salary in connection with annual salary review in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice with respect to any non-management level employee (so long as compensation or benefits for such employee does not exceed $125,000 after giving effect to any such grant or increase and such increase does not exceed three percent (3%) for any employee) or (B) as otherwise required in accordance with the express terms of a Company Benefit Plan as in effect on the date hereof, or (v) take any action to accelerate or to commit to accelerate the vesting, funding or payment of any compensation or benefits under any Company Benefit Plan (or any award thereunder) or otherwise, to the extent not required by the express terms of the Company Benefit Plan as in effect on the date hereof;
(m)    implement any (i) employee layoffs or terminations that would reasonably be expected to, whether alone or together with other contemplated terminations, require any notice or other actions under the Worker Adjustment and Retraining Notification Act and the regulations promulgated thereunder, or any similar state or local Law relating to plant closings, employee separations or severance pay or (ii) other material reduction in force or group termination;
(n)    (i) incur or assume any Indebtedness, (ii) guarantee, secure or provide credit support in respect of any Indebtedness of another Person or (iii) mortgage, pledge or subject to any Lien (other than a Permitted Lien) any portion of its assets, except, in each case of the items described in clauses (i) through (iii), to the extent such item will be discharged or released at the Closing without liability after the Closing to the Company Entities, Blocker or Buyer or any of its Affiliates;
(o)    enter into or other amend or modify any Related Party Arrangement;
(p)    initiate, settle or compromise any Action, other than any settlement or compromise solely for monetary damages discharged paid in full prior to the Closing Date without liability to the Company Entities, Blocker or Buyer or any of its Affiliates after the Closing;
(q)    accelerate the collection of or discount any accounts receivable, delay the payment of accounts payable or defer expenses, reduce inventories or otherwise increase Cash on hand, except in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice;
(r)    permit to be terminated or cancelled any Company Insurance Policy or amend or modify the scope or amount of coverage under any Company Insurance Policy, other than renewals of such policies in the ordinary course; or
(s)    authorize any of the foregoing, or commit or agree to take actions, whether in writing or otherwise, to do any of the foregoing.
Without limiting the specific restrictions set forth above, prior to the Closing the Acquired Companies shall be permitted to utilize any and all available cash and cash equivalents to: (A) pay Seller Transaction Expenses (other than those in subsections (a) and (b) of the definition thereof), and (B) repay outstanding Indebtedness and any management, monitoring, advisory or similar fees, owing Hammond Kennedy Whitney & Company Inc., in each case, at such times and in such amounts as the Company Entities shall deem necessary, appropriate, or desirable. For the avoidance of doubt, Closing Cash shall be determined after giving effect to any such payments or commitments to make such payments.
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8.2    Access to Information; Cooperation.
(a)    Pre-Closing Access to Information. From the date hereof until the Closing or the termination of this Agreement pursuant to Article 11, each Acquired Company shall afford, and shall cause its respective Affiliates to afford, Buyer and its Affiliates, and their respective Representatives, during normal business hours and upon advance notice to, and approval by, the Company, with respect to the Company Entities, and Blocker, with respect to Blocker (such approval not to be unreasonably withheld or delayed), reasonable access to the Company Entities’ or Blocker’s facilities and properties and the books, records and other information in the Company Entities’ or Blocker’s possession or control relating to the assets, liabilities or operations of the Company Entities or Blocker, as applicable, with respect to periods prior to the Closing. Buyer shall have the right to make copies and extracts from such books, records and other information, at Buyer’s expense. Such access shall be permitted only to the extent such access does not unreasonably interfere with the Business of the Company Entities or Blocker, as applicable, and such access is reasonably related to Buyer’s rights and obligations hereunder and the transactions contemplated hereby, and subject to compliance with applicable Laws and to any Contracts for which any of the Company Entities or Blocker are party. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company Entities or Blocker, as applicable, shall have the right to (i) have a Representative present for any communication with officers, directors, managers or employees of the Company Entities or Blocker, as applicable, (ii) impose reasonable restrictions and requirements for bona fide safety or security purposes and (iii) restrict access to (A) any information, the disclosure of which would reasonably be expected to cause the loss of attorney-client privilege, and (B) any information the disclosure of which would contravene any applicable Law. Notwithstanding the foregoing, with respect to any inspections of the Real Property conducted by Buyer, Buyer shall under no circumstances be permitted to conduct any invasive or subsurface testing of the Real Property without the prior written approval of the Company or Blocker, as applicable, which may be conditioned or withheld as such entity may deem appropriate in its sole discretion.
(b)    Cooperation. After the Closing, each Party shall cooperate, and shall cause its Affiliates (including, in the case of Buyer, the Acquired Companies) to cooperate, as and to the extent reasonably requested by the other Party, subject to the indemnification provisions in Article 9, in any Action brought by or against any third party in connection with (i) any transaction contemplated by this Agreement or (ii) any fact or condition relating to the Company Entities’ or Blocker’s business, liabilities or assets prior to the Closing. Such cooperation shall include making available to the requesting Party, at such times and under such circumstances so as not to unreasonably disrupt business, the relevant books, records, information and employees of the cooperating Party, allowing the relevant personnel of the cooperating Party to assist the requesting Party in participating in any such matter, executing and delivering documents or instruments and taking all such action as the requesting Party reasonably requests in connection with such matter; provided, however, that the requesting Party shall promptly reimburse the cooperating Party for all reasonable out-of-pocket costs directly relating to such cooperation of any of the cooperating Party’s employees who assist the requesting Party (unless the contesting or defending Party is entitled to indemnification therefor under Article 9).
(c)    Adversarial Proceedings Involving Parties. Notwithstanding the provisions of this Section 8.2, although the existence of a dispute or other adversarial proceeding between or among any of the Parties shall not abrogate or suspend the provisions of this Section 8.2, as to such records or other information directly pertinent to such dispute or other adversarial proceeding, the Parties may not utilize this Section 8.2, but rather, absent agreement, must utilize the applicable rules of discovery.
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(d)    Third Party Consents. Prior to the Closing, the Company shall use commercially reasonable efforts to obtain the consents referred to in Section 3.2 of the Disclosure Schedule.
8.3    Directors, Officers and Employees.
(a)    Indemnification. Buyer, the Company and Blocker each agrees that all rights to indemnification, advancement of expenses and exculpation by the Company Entities or Blocker now existing in favor of each Person who is now, or has been at any time prior to the date hereof or who becomes prior to the Closing Date, an officer, manager or director of the Company Entities or Blocker (each, an “Indemnified Agent”), as provided in the Organizational Documents of the Company Entities or Blocker, in each case as in effect on the date of this Agreement, or pursuant to any other agreements in effect on the date hereof, shall survive the Closing Date and shall continue in full force and effect in accordance with their respective terms. Such rights shall not be amended, or otherwise modified in any manner that would adversely affect the rights of any Indemnified Agent, unless such modification is required by Law. In the event any Company Entity, Blocker, or any of their respective successors or assigns (i) consolidates or combines with any other Person and shall not be the continuing or surviving corporation or entity in such consolidation or combination, or (ii) transfers all or substantially all of its properties and assets to any Person, then, and in either such case, proper provision shall be made so that the successors and assigns in such transaction shall assume all of the obligations set forth in this Section 8.3(a).
(b)    Tail Policy. Prior to the Closing, the Company and the Blocker shall each obtain and bind prepaid directors’ and officers’ liability insurance policy or policies (i.e., “tail coverage”) (including employment practices liability and fiduciary liability coverage) (each a “D&O Tail Policy”) for which policies provide the present and former directors, managers and officers of the Company or Blocker, as applicable, with coverage for an aggregate period of not less than six (6) years following the Closing Date and in amount and scope at least as favorable as the Company’s or Blockers, as applicable, existing coverage, with respect to claims arising from facts or events that occurred on or before the Closing Date, including with respect to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and the Related Agreements. The premiums for such prepaid policy shall be paid by the Company or Blocker, as applicable, (in each case, as a Seller Transaction Expense) at or prior to the Closing and such prepaid policies shall be non-cancelable. Following the Closing, to the extent of such prepayment, Buyer shall cause Blocker and the Company to maintain such policies in full force and effect, and continue to honor their respective obligations thereunder, during the period for which it has been procured.
(c)    Third Party Beneficiaries. The provisions of this Section 8.3 are (i) intended to be for the benefit of, and shall be enforceable by, each Indemnified Agent and his or her heirs and Representatives; and (ii) in addition to, and not in substitution of, any other rights, including rights to indemnification and advancement of expenses, that any Indemnified Agent may be entitled to, or hereafter acquire, under any Law, Contract, charter document, trust agreement or otherwise.
8.4    Restrictive Covenants.
(a)    Nondisclosure.
(i)    Post-Closing. From and after the Closing, each Company Securityholder shall not, and shall cause its respective Representative and Affiliates not to, disclose any Proprietary Information to any Person in any manner whatsoever other than (A) to Buyer and its Affiliates, (B) to its Representatives, to the extent (and only to the extent) (x)
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necessary to permit such Representatives to assist the receiving Party in connection with the transactions contemplated hereby and any matters arising under this Agreement or any Related Agreement (including for purposes of complying with Tax reporting obligations of such Company Securityholder under applicable Law in connection with such matters), (y) such Representative has been informed of the confidential nature of the Proprietary Information and (z) such Representative is subject to confidentiality duties or obligations to the receiving Party no less restrictive than the terms and conditions of this Agreement, or (C) as required by applicable Law or Order; provided, however, that (in the case of disclosures made pursuant to clause (C)) to the extent commercially reasonably possible and permitted by applicable Law, prior to making such disclosure, such Company Securityholder shall provide Buyer with: (I) prompt written notice of such requirement so that Buyer may, at its sole cost and expense, seek a protective order or other remedy and (II) reasonable assistance, at Buyer’s sole cost and expense, in opposing such disclosure or seeking a protective order or other limitation of disclosure. In the event that after providing such notice and assistance disclosure is still required by applicable Law or Order, the receiving party subject to such Law or Order shall disclose no more than that portion of the Proprietary Information specifically required and shall use commercially reasonable efforts to obtain assurance from the applicable recipient that such Proprietary Information be afforded confidential treatment. Each Company Securityholder agrees to be liable for any breach of this Section 8.4(a)(i) by such Company Securityholder’s Representative and Affiliates. Notwithstanding anything contained herein to the contrary, no Institutional Investor shall be required to inform or notify Buyer or a Company Entity or any other Person of any disclosure of Proprietary Information made to or requested by a bank examiner, regulatory examiner or self-regulatory examiner in the course of such examiner’s examination, inspection or audit, and any such disclosure shall not be deemed a breach of this Section 8.4(a)(i).
(ii)    Pre-Closing. Buyer acknowledges and agrees that, unless and until the Closing occurs, the Confidentiality Agreement remains in full force and effect and, in addition, covenants and agrees to keep confidential, in accordance with the provisions of the Confidentiality Agreement, information provided to Buyer and its Representatives pursuant to this Agreement. If this Agreement is, for any reason, terminated prior to the Closing, the Confidentiality Agreement and the provisions of this Section 8.4(a)(ii) shall nevertheless continue in full force and effect until terminated in accordance with its terms.
(b)    Non-Competition. For the period beginning on the Closing Date and ending on the fifth (5th) anniversary of the Closing Date, no Restricted Seller shall, and shall cause its Affiliates not to, directly or indirectly, (i) engage in any business that competes with the Business, including owning, managing, controlling or holding a participating equity interest in any Competitor; or (ii) advise, assist or consult, whether or not for consideration, any Competitor in connection with the Business, including loaning money or rendering any similar form of financial assistance to any Competitor in connection with the Business or providing any other services to any Competitor in connection with the Business.
(c)    Non-Interference. For the period beginning on the Closing Date and ending on the fifth (5th) anniversary of the Closing Date, each Restricted Seller shall not and shall cause its Affiliates not to, directly or indirectly, (i) induce, or attempt to induce, any customer, supplier, licensee, licensor, franchisee or other business relation of any Company Entity within the one (1) year prior to the Closing Date to cease doing business with such Company Entity or any of its Affiliates, or (ii) in any way intentionally interfere with the relationship between any such customer, supplier, licensee, licensor,
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franchisee or business relation and any Company Entity (including making any negative statements or communications about Buyer, any Company Entity, or their products or services).
(d)    Employee Non-Solicitation. For a period beginning on the Closing Date and ending on the fifth (5th) anniversary of the Closing Date, each Restricted Seller shall not, and shall cause its Affiliates not to, directly or indirectly, (i) solicit or induce (or attempt to solicit or induce) any Service Provider to leave the employ of the Company Entities or (ii) hire or engage (or attempt to hire or engage) any Company Employee. Notwithstanding the foregoing, nothing in this Section 8.4(d) shall prohibit any Seller or any Affiliate of any Seller from inadvertently soliciting any Person who responds to a public advertisement or general solicitation placed by such Seller or any of its Affiliates that is not specifically targeted at any Person or from hiring or soliciting any person after the conclusion of one (1) year from the date he or she ceases to be employed by any of the Company Entities.
(e)    Permitted Activities. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Section 8.4, nothing in this Agreement shall prohibit or otherwise affect any action or other efforts of any Restricted Seller or its Affiliates with respect to any investment in, or ownership or disposition of, securities of any corporation or other entity that is listed on a national securities exchange or traded in the national over-the-counter market, whether directly or indirectly through brokerage accounts, mutual funds, hedge funds, private equity funds or other investment vehicles; provided, that, in any event, neither any Restricted Seller nor its Affiliates shall invest or own such securities in any corporation or other entity which is a Competitor to the extent such investment or ownership compromises more than three percent (3%) of the outstanding securities of such corporation or other entity.
(f)    Non-Disparagement. From the Closing Date and until the fifth (5th) anniversary of the date thereof, no Party (other than an Institutional Investor) shall, nor shall such Party permit any of its respective Affiliates to, directly or indirectly, disparage the business of any Company Entity or their respective Affiliates in any matter that is harmful to such Party, any of its Affiliates, or their respective reputations; provided, that nothing herein is intended to or shall preclude any Party hereto from providing truthful testimony in response to a valid subpoena, Order, regulatory request or other judicial, administrative or legal process or otherwise as required by Law.
(g)    Specific Performance. The Parties agree that monetary damages alone shall not be an adequate remedy for any breach by the Sellers or their Affiliates of their respective obligations under this Section 8.4 and that the Parties shall be entitled to seek an injunction, specific performance or any other relief available under law in case of any such breach. The Sellers expressly acknowledge and agree that (i) each of the restrictions contained in this Section 8.4 is reasonable in all respects (including with respect to subject matter, time period and geographical area) and such restrictions are necessary to protect Buyer’s interest in, and value of, the Business (including the goodwill inherent therein), (ii) the Sellers are primarily responsible for the creation of such value, and (iii) Buyer would not have entered into this Agreement or consummated the transactions contemplated hereunder without the restrictions contained in this Section 8.4.
(h)    Severability. If any provision contained in this Section 8.4 is, for any reason, held invalid, illegal or unenforceable in any respect, such invalidity, illegality or unenforceability will not affect any other provisions of this Section 8.4, but this Section 8.4 will be construed as if such invalid, illegal or unenforceable provision had never been contained herein. It is the intention of the Parties hereto that if any of the restrictions or covenants contained in this Section 8.4 is held to cover a geographic area or to be of a length of time that is not permitted by applicable law, or in any way construed to be too broad or to any extent invalid, such provision will not be construed to be null, void and of no effect; instead, the Parties hereto agree that a court of competent jurisdiction will construe, interpret, reform or
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judicially modify this Section 8.4 to provide for a covenant having the maximum enforceable geographic area, time period and other provisions (not greater than those contained herein) as will be valid and enforceable under such applicable laws.
8.5    Government Approvals.
(a)    Approvals. Each Party shall, as promptly as reasonably practicable following the date hereof, use its respective commercially reasonable best efforts to obtain, or cause to be obtained, all consents, authorizations, Orders, permits, and approvals from and make all registrations, declarations or filings with, or notifications to all Governmental Entities that are necessary for its execution and delivery of this Agreement and the Related Agreements (“Required Regulatory Approvals”), as well as the performance of its obligations pursuant to this Agreement. Each Party shall cooperate fully with all other Parties and their respective Affiliates in promptly seeking to obtain all Required Regulatory Approvals. The Parties shall not willfully take any action that will have the effect of delaying, impairing or impeding the receipt of any Required Regulatory Approvals. If required by the Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act of 1976, as amended (the “HSR Act”), each Party hereto agrees to make an appropriate filing pursuant to the HSR Act with respect to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement within ten (10) Business Days after the date hereof and to indicate a request for early termination. Each Party shall use its respective commercially reasonable efforts to supply as promptly as reasonably practicable to the appropriate Governmental Entity any additional information and documentary material that may be requested pursuant to the HSR Act. Buyer shall, at its sole expense, pay all filing fees associated with the foregoing filings under the HSR Act.
(b)    Cooperation. All analyses, appearances, meetings, discussions, presentations, memoranda, briefs, filings, arguments and proposals made by or on behalf of any Party before any Governmental Entity or the staff or regulators of any Governmental Entity in connection with the transactions contemplated hereunder (but, for the avoidance of doubt, not including any disclosure that is not permitted by Law) shall be disclosed to the other Parties in advance of any filing, submission or attendance, it being the intent that the Parties will consult and cooperate with one another, and consider in good faith the views of one another, in connection with any such analyses, appearances, meetings, non-routine discussions, presentations, memoranda, briefs, filings, arguments and proposals. Each Party shall give advance notice to the other Parties with respect to any meeting, non-routine discussions, appearance or contact with any Governmental Entity or the staff or regulators of any Governmental Entity, with such notice being provided sufficiently in advance (as circumstances permit) to provide the other Parties with the opportunity to attend and participate in such meeting, discussion, appearance or contact.
8.6    Tax Matters.
(a)    Intended Tax Treatment. The Parties intend that, for U.S. federal income Tax purposes, the purchase and sale of the Purchased Units will be treated as the purchase and sale of partnership interests in the Company and the purchase and sale of the Blocker Shares as the purchase and sale of stock. An election under Section 754 of the Code (and any similar state or local Law) shall be made (or shall remain in effect) for the Company for any taxable period that includes the Closing Date.
(b)    Tax Returns of the Company Entities Filed Prior to the Closing. All Tax Returns of the Blocker and the Company Entities required to be filed after the date hereof and before the Closing shall be prepared by the Blocker and the Company Entities in a manner consistent with the past practice of the Blocker and the Company Entities except as required by applicable Law and, in the case of income and all other material Tax Returns (including for this purpose any Tax Return prepared in a manner inconsistent with past practice), shall be provided to Buyer at least thirty (30) days prior to the
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due date thereof for review and approval, not to be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed prior to filing.
(c)    Tax Returns of the Company Entities Filed After the Closing. Buyer shall prepare and timely file, or cause to be prepared and timely filed, all other Tax Returns of the Company Entities or Blocker for Pre-Closing Tax Periods and Straddle Periods first required to be filed after the Closing Date. Each such Tax Return, to the extent relating to the Pre-Closing Tax Period, shall be prepared in a manner consistent with the past practice of the Company Entities and Blocker except as required by applicable Law.
(i)    Any U.S. federal partnership income Tax Return (and any corresponding partnership Tax Return for U.S. state and local income tax purposes) of the Company (a “Partnership Income Tax Return”) for a Tax period ending on or before the Closing Date or any other Tax Return of any of the Company Entities or Blocker which shows an amount of Taxes due in excess of $100,000 for which the Company Securityholders are reasonably expected to be required to make an indemnification payment hereunder, shall be provided to the Seller Representative at least thirty (30) days prior to the due date thereof for review and comment. Buyer shall consider any such comments received at least ten (10) Business Days prior to the due date of such Tax Returns in good faith.
(ii)    With respect to the Partnership Income Tax Return of the Company for the Straddle Period, items of income, gain, loss and deduction on such Tax Return will be allocated between the Company Sellers and Buyer on a closing of the books basis as of the Closing, provided that allocations of such items with respect to the portion of the Straddle Period constituting the Pre-Closing Tax Period shall be made in accordance with the principles in Section 12.06(b)(i) of the Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement of the Company dated as of December 1, 2016 to the extent permitted under Law (at least at a “more likely than not” standard) and to the extent allocations in accordance with such principles would not adversely affect Buyer or its Affiliates (including Blocker), and provided, further, that it is understood that Company deductions and losses for the Straddle Period arising out of the payment of Seller Transaction Expenses and payment at the Closing of Indebtedness included in the Final Indebtedness Amount shall be allocated to the pre-Closing portion of the Straddle Period to the extent permitted under Law (at least at a “more likely than not” standard). The purchase price paid for the Purchased Units shall be allocated among the assets of the Company consistent with Schedule B, and all Parties shall file their Tax Returns in accordance with such allocation.
(d)    Certain Tax Proceedings. Buyer shall control all audits, examinations, claims and similar proceedings by a Governmental Entity with respect to Taxes or Tax Returns of Blocker or any of the Company Entities; provided, however, that with respect to any such audit, examination, claim or similar proceeding (i) with respect to any Partnership Income Tax Return or income Tax Return of Blocker for a Tax period ending on or before the Closing Date or for a Tax period that includes the Closing Date, or (ii) the settlement of which is reasonably expected (at the relevant time) to result in Taxes due in excess of $100,000 for which the Company Securityholders are reasonably expected to be required to make an indemnification payment hereunder (any such audit, examination, claim or similar proceeding described in (i) or (ii), “Pre-Closing Audit”), Buyer shall keep Seller Representative reasonably informed of any material developments in the portions of such Pre-Closing Audit relating to the Pre-Closing Tax Period. Buyer shall be entitled to be appointed (or to appoint) the “partnership representative” or similar representative with respect to any Pre-Closing Audit involving the Company and shall be entitled (but not required) to make a “push-out” election under Section 6226 of the Code, and
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any similar available election, so that any imputed underpayment or other adjustment relating to such Pre-Closing Audit is borne by the Company Sellers (or other applicable partners of the Company during the reviewed year or other relevant taxable period). To the extent this Section 8.6 conflicts with Section 9.6, this Section 8.6 shall control. Neither Buyer nor Blocker nor any Company Entity shall settle any Pre-Closing Audit without the prior written consent of Seller Representative, which consent shall not unreasonably be withheld, conditioned or delayed. This Section 8.6(d), and not Section 9.6, shall control with respect to all Tax audits, examinations, claims and similar proceedings by a Governmental Entity with respect to Taxes or Tax Returns of Blocker or any of the Company Entities.
(e)    Cooperation on Tax Matters. Each Party shall cooperate fully, as and to the extent reasonably requested by the other Party, in connection with the filing of Tax Returns and any audit, investigation, appeal, hearing, litigation or other proceeding with respect to Taxes, in each case, pertaining to the Acquired Companies. Such cooperation shall include, upon the other Party’s reasonable request, the provision of records and information that are reasonably relevant to any such audit, investigation, appeal, hearing, litigation or other proceeding and making employees available during normal business hours and on a mutually convenient basis to provide additional information, testimony and explanation of any material provided hereunder.
(f)    Post-Closing Actions for Income Tax Matters. Without the written consent of the Seller Representative (such consent not to be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed), except as contemplated by this Agreement or except as required by Law, Buyer shall not (and shall not permit any Company Entity or Blocker to) amend any previously filed Tax Returns of the Company Entities or Blocker for a Tax period ending on or before the Closing Date, file a Tax Return of a Company Entity for a Tax period ending on or before the Closing Date which Tax Return was first due prior to the Closing Date (taking into account automatically granted extensions) in a jurisdiction in which such Company Entity did not file such Tax Return prior to the Closing, or make any election with respect to Taxes of the Company Entities or Blocker with effect to the Pre-Closing Tax Period.
(g)    Transfer Taxes. All transfer, documentary, sales, use, stamp, registration and other similar Taxes and other governmental charges, and all conveyance fees, recording charges and other similar fees and charges (including any penalties and interest) incurred in connection with consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement (collectively, “Transfer Taxes”) shall be paid 50% by Company Securityholders (in accordance with their Indemnification Pro Rata Percentages), and 50% by Buyer.
(h)    Tax Treatment of Payments. Any indemnification payment by one Party to another Party pursuant to this Agreement shall be treated as an adjustment to the Purchase Price for Tax reporting purposes, except as otherwise required by applicable Law.
8.7    R&W Insurance Policy.
(a)    Binding; No Amendment. Prior to Closing, Buyer shall use its reasonable best efforts to obtain and bind the R&W Insurance Policy, and the Sellers shall, and shall cause the Acquired Companies to, cooperate with Buyer’s efforts and provide assistance as may be reasonably requested by Buyer to obtain and bind the R&W Insurance Policy. Buyer shall pay all costs in respect of the procurement of the R&W Insurance Policy, including the premium, underwriting fees, surplus lines taxes and fees and any other expenses charged by an insurer or insurance broker to bind or issue the R&W Insurance Policy. Buyer shall not (and shall not permit any of its Affiliates (including, after the Closing, the Company) to) take any action with the intention of causing the R&W Insurance Policy or the Binder Agreement or the rights of any party thereunder to be terminated, cancelled or waived in a manner
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that would have an adverse impact on the Company Securityholders or any of their Affiliates. The R&W Insurance Policy shall include a provision whereby insurer expressly irrevocably waives, and agrees not to pursue, directly or indirectly, any subrogation rights against any Company Securityholders or any of their respective Affiliates with respect to any claim made by any insured thereunder, other than in connection with Fraud by such Company Securityholders or its Affiliate. Further, Buyer shall not amend the foregoing subrogation or third party beneficiary provisions contained in the R&W Insurance Policy without the Seller Representative’s prior written consent, such consent not to be unreasonably conditioned, delayed or withheld.
(b)    Sole Recourse. After the Closing, Buyer hereby agrees that, notwithstanding any other provision in this Agreement or in any Related Agreement, Buyer’s sole and exclusive recourse and remedy with respect to any breach of or inaccuracy in any representation or warranty (other than for breaches of Fundamental Representations (including the representations and warranties respecting the Fundamental Representations set forth in the certificates delivered by the Company pursuant to Section 10.2(k) and Section 10.2(l)) or for Fraud) (i) of the Company, any Company Securityholder, or the Blocker set forth in this Agreement or any Option Cancellation and Joinder Agreement, or (ii) in any certificate required to be delivered by or on behalf of such Party under this Agreement (other than in the case of Fundamental Representations (including the representations and warranties respecting the Fundamental Representations set forth in the certificates delivered by the Company pursuant to Section 10.2(k) and Section 10.2(l)) or Fraud) shall, in each case, be to make a claim under the R&W Insurance Policy (subject to all its terms and conditions, including retentions, exclusions and policy limits). For the avoidance of doubt, Buyer shall have no recourse with respect to any breach of or inaccuracy in any representation or warranty (x) of the Company, any Company Securityholder, or Blocker set forth in this Agreement or any Option Cancellation and Joinder Agreement, or (y) in any certificate required to be delivered by or on behalf of such Party under this Agreement (other than in the case of Fundamental Representations (including the representations and warranties respecting the Fundamental Representations set forth in the certificates delivered by the Company pursuant to Section 10.2(k) and Section 10.2(l)) or Fraud) even if Buyer has previously exceeded the R&W Insurance Policy Limit.
8.8    Contact with Customers, Suppliers, Employees and Consultants. From the date hereof until the Closing, Buyer shall not, and shall cause its Affiliates and their respective Representatives not to, directly or indirectly contact or communicate with the customers or suppliers of, or others having business dealings with, the Company Entities in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement or about the Company Entities in any way without the prior written consent of the Company, it being understood that, subject to applicable Law, the Company Entities shall reasonably cooperate with Buyer in good faith with respect to potential joint discussions with customers or suppliers in respect of the announcement of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and the potential implications thereof. From the date hereof until the Closing, Buyer shall not, and shall cause its Affiliates and their respective Representatives not to, directly or indirectly (a) contact or communicate with any employees or consultants of the Company Entities with respect to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement without the prior written consent of the Company, or (b) perform, or cause to be performed, any invasive or subsurface investigation of the Real Property without the prior written consent of the Company.
8.9    Termination of Certain Services and Contracts. Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, at or prior to the Closing, the Sellers shall (or shall cause the applicable Company Entity or Blocker to) terminate, sever or assign to the Sellers or an Affiliate thereof (other than a Company Entity or Blocker) effective upon or before the Closing any Contracts for services provided to any Company Entity or Blocker by the Sellers or an Affiliate thereof (other than another Company Entity or Blocker), without any liability or obligation to Buyer or any of its Affiliates (including the Company
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Entities) on and after the Closing, including all such Contracts set forth in Section 3.22 of the Disclosure Schedule.
8.10    Use of Certain Names. Within thirty (30) days following Closing, each Seller shall cease using the term “Xirgo” or any of the Trademarks set forth on Section 3.16(a) of the Disclosure Schedule and any word or expression similar thereto or constituting an abbreviation or extension thereof and any logos and/or artwork associated therewith (the “Xirgo Marks”) including changing the names of the Sellers that include Xirgo Marks and disposing of any unused stationery and literature of any Seller bearing the Xirgo Marks, and thereafter, the Sellers shall not, and shall cause each of its Affiliates not to, use the Xirgo Marks; provided, however, that such period shall be extended as reasonably necessary to allow procurement of any secondary consents and taking of any necessary action to effect the changing of the name of any Seller.
8.11    Closing Conditions. From the date hereof until the Closing, each Party shall, and the Sellers shall cause the Acquired Companies to, use commercially reasonable efforts to take such actions as are necessary to expeditiously satisfy the closing conditions set forth in Section 10.4 and Section 10.5, including executing and delivering such additional instruments and other documents and taking, or causing to be taken, such further actions as may be reasonably requested by any other Party and necessary or appropriate to effectuate, carry out and comply with all of the terms of this Agreement and the consummate the Closing.
8.12    Notice of Developments; Updating of Disclosure Schedule. From the date hereof and continuing until the earlier of the termination of this Agreement or the Closing Date, the Company, each Seller and Blocker shall use commercially reasonable efforts to promptly advise Buyer in writing of (a) the occurrence or non-occurrence of any event or circumstance which would reasonably be expected to cause or has caused any representation or warranty made by such Party it in this Agreement to become untrue or inaccurate in any respect so as to cause the Closing conditions set forth in Section 10.5(b), Section 10.5(c), or Section 10.5(d), respectively, to fail to be satisfied, (b) the failure by it to comply in any material respect with or satisfy in any material respect any covenant, condition or agreement to be complied with or satisfied by it under this Agreement prior to the Closing, (c) with respect to Blocker or any Company Entity, any change or event having, or which is reasonably likely to have, a Material Adverse Effect, and (d) with respect to Blocker or any Company Entity, any notice or other written communication from any Person alleging that the consent of such Person is or may be required in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement; provided, however, that subject to the remainder of this Section 8.12, no such notification will be deemed to prevent or cure any breach of, or inaccuracy in, amend or supplement any section of the Disclosure Schedule, or otherwise disclose an exception to, or affect in any manner, the representations, warranties, covenants or agreements of the parties (or remedies with respect thereto) or the conditions to the obligations of the Parties under this Agreement. From time to time prior to the Closing, the Sellers, Blocker and the Company shall have the right (but not the obligation) to add to, supplement or amend the Disclosure Schedule with respect to (and only with respect to) any facts or events occurring after the date hereof (each a “Schedule Supplement”). In the event a Schedule Supplement is expressly delivered for the sole purpose of updating the Disclosure Schedule for transactions consummated or actions taken by the Company Entities at the direction, or with the express, written consent, of Buyer (each, a “Permitted Update”), such Schedule Supplement shall be deemed (solely as of the Closing Date) to automatically amend and supplement the Disclosure Schedule and the representations and warranties set forth in this Agreement. Except with respect to any Permitted Updates, no Schedule Supplement shall be taken into account for purposes of determining the accuracy of the representations and warranties of the Company, the Company Securityholders and the Blocker as of any date.
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8.13    Release. As a material inducement to Buyer to enter into this Agreement, effective as of and from the Closing, each Company Securityholder, in each case on behalf of himself, herself or itself and his, her or its controlled Affiliates (including any company or other entity controlled by such Company Securityholder) (each, a “Releasor”), directly or indirectly, hereby irrevocably and unconditionally agrees and covenants, not to sue or prosecute against any Company Entity, Blocker or Buyer or each of their respective Affiliates, equityholders, directors, members, managers, employees, agents, officers, successors and assigns (each, a “Releasee”) and hereby forever waives, releases and discharges, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable Laws each Releasee, with respect to and from any and all Losses, Liens, liabilities, covenants, or any Action of whatever kind or nature in law, equity, or otherwise, whether now known or unknown, whether now existing or hereafter arising, and whether or not concealed or hidden, all of which such Releasor now owns or holds or has at any time owned or held against any or all of the Releasees, in each case to the extent relating to their ownership of Company Securities or status as a member of the Company or a shareholder of Blocker; provided that (other than as set forth in the following proviso) nothing in this Section 8.13 will be deemed to constitute a release by any Releasor of or a covenant not to sue with respect to (a) any right to enforce its rights under this Agreement, any Related Agreement, any claim arising from or relating to such agreements, or bringing any claim against the Releasees arising from the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby, or (b) any right, claim, entitlement of any Releasor to any accrued and unpaid salary, fees, reimbursable expenses or employee benefits (including accrued vacation) in respect of such Releasor’s employment or engagement by a Company Entity prior to the Closing, (c) any rights to exculpation and/or indemnification such Releasor may have as a current or former director, manager, employee or officer of a Company Entity or Blocker under applicable Law, the Organizational Documents of the applicable Company Entity or pursuant to any indemnification agreement with a Company Entity or to the proceeds of any insurance policy maintained by or on behalf of any Company Entity or Blocker for the benefit of such Releasor, or (d) any other right or claim that shall arise from events following the Closing; provided, further, that notwithstanding anything in this Section 8.13 to the contrary, each Releasor, directly or indirectly, hereby irrevocably and unconditionally agrees and covenants not to sue or prosecute against any Releasee and forever waives, releases and discharges, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable Laws each Releasee with respect to and from any and all Losses, Liens, liabilities, covenants, or causes of actions, of whatever kind or nature in law, equity, or otherwise, whether now known or unknown, whether now existing or hereafter arising, and whether or not concealed or hidden, all of which such Company Securityholder now owns or holds or has at any time owned or held against and or all of the Releasees with respect to the amount of any payments or issuances made to the Company Securityholder (including indirectly) if made in accordance with this Agreement (including the Closing Consideration Allocation Certificate). It is the intention of each Company Securityholder that such releases be effective as a bar to each and every Action hereinabove specified. In furtherance of this intention each Company Securityholder hereby expressly consents that this release will be given full force and effect according to each and all of its express terms and provisions, including those related to unknown and unsuspected Actions, if any, notwithstanding any and all contrary rights or benefits conferred upon such Company Securityholder with respect to unknown or unsuspected Actions (which rights and benefits are waived).
8.14    Xirgo Retention Bonus Plan. Buyer shall cause Xirgo Technologies, LLC to approve and adopt the Xirgo Retention Bonus Plan to be effective not later than immediately following the Closing and perform its obligations thereunder in accordance with its terms. Without the consent of the Seller Representative (and if required under the Xirgo Retention Bonus Plan, the applicable Participant), Buyer shall not, and shall cause or permit Xirgo Technologies, LLC to, (a) terminate the Xirgo Retention Bonus Plan prior to the payment of all earned Retention Bonuses (or, if earlier, the date on which no Retention Bonuses remain eligible to become payable), or (b) enter into any Contract with a Participant
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with respect to his or her Retention Bonus that contains terms inconsistent with the Xirgo Retention Bonus Plan.
9.    INDEMNIFICATION
9.1    Indemnification by the Company Securityholders. Subject to the provisions of Article 7, Section 8.7(b) and this Article 9, from and after the Closing, each Company Securityholder shall indemnify and hold harmless Buyer and its Affiliates (including the Acquired Companies), and their respective partners, equityholders and members (collectively, the “Buyer Indemnified Parties”), from and against such Company Securityholder’s Indemnification Pro Rata Percentage of all Losses asserted against or incurred by any Buyer Indemnified Party by reason of or arising out of:
(a)    Any (i) breach of the Fundamental Representations set forth in Article 3, (ii) inaccuracy in the Closing Consideration Allocation Certificate, or (iii) any inaccuracy in the certificates delivered by the Company pursuant to Section 10.2(k) and Section 10.2(l) (to the extent, and only to the extent, relating to the accuracy of the Fundamental Representations set forth in Article 3);
(b)    any breach of the covenants of the Company set forth in this Agreement or any Related Agreement, to the extent (and only to the extent) required to be performed prior to or at the Closing;
(c)    any failure of Seller Representative to perform any covenants or agreement of the Seller Representative contained in this Agreement or any Related Agreement;
(d)    Pre-Closing Company Entity Taxes (other than any Taxes arising from a transaction on the Closing Date after the Closing involving one or more of the Company Entities outside the ordinary course of business and not contemplated by this Agreement or any Related Agreement which transaction is effected by or at the direction of Buyer);
(e)    Fraud of the Company Entities;
(f)    any Seller Transaction Expenses or Indebtedness (excluding the PPP Loan Amount if outstanding as of the Closing Date and excluding income Taxes of the Acquired Companies for the Pre-Closing Tax Period) of the Acquired Companies that was outstanding prior to the Closing and that do not reduce the Purchase Price on a dollar-for-dollar basis as finally determined pursuant to Article 2;
(g)    any demand, claim, suit, action, cause of action, proceeding, assessment or dispute brought by or on behalf of any Company Securityholder with respect to the allocation or payment among the Company Securityholders of the Purchase Price pursuant to the terms of this Agreement, including the preparation of the Allocation Methodology (except to the extent a claim relating to the Allocation Methodology is covered by the parenthetical in Section 9.3(e)) or any claim that the Closing Consideration Allocation Certificate is not true, correct and complete; or
(h)    the Designated Pre-Closing Matters.
9.2    Indemnification by Each Company Securityholder. Subject to the provisions of Article 7, Section 8.7(b) and this Article 9, from and after the Closing, each Company Securityholder shall, severally and not jointly, indemnify and hold harmless the Buyer Indemnified Parties, from and against all Losses asserted against or incurred by any Buyer Indemnified Party by reason of or arising out of:
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(a)    any breach of (i) the Fundamental Representations of such Seller set forth in Article 4 or of such Company Option Holder set forth in his or her Option Cancellation and Joinder Agreement, or (ii) the representations in the certificate required to be delivered by or on behalf of such Seller in accordance with Section 10.2(b) (to the extent, and only to the extent, they relate to Fundamental Representations of such Seller set forth in Article 4);
(b)    any breach of the covenants of such Company Securityholder set forth in this Agreement or any Related Agreement;
(c)    Fraud by such Company Securityholder; or
(d)    Taxes of such Company Securityholder for any Tax period, including any Taxes imposed as a withholding Tax on Buyer or other payor in relation to this Agreement or the transactions contemplated hereby.
9.3    Indemnification by the Blocker Sellers. Subject to the provisions of Article 7, Section 8.7(b) and this Article 9, from and after the Closing, each Blocker Seller shall indemnify and hold harmless the Buyer Indemnified Parties, from and against such Seller’s Indemnification Pro Rata Percentage of all Losses asserted against or incurred by any Buyer Indemnified Party by reason of or arising out of:
(a)    any breach of (i) the Fundamental Representations of Blocker set forth in Article 5, or (ii) the representations in the certificates delivered by or on behalf of Blocker pursuant to Section 10.2(m) and Section 10.2(n) (to the extent, and only to the extent, they relate to Fundamental Representations of Blocker set forth in Article 5);
(b)    any breach of the covenants of Blocker set forth in this Agreement or any Related Agreement, to the extent (and only to the extent) required to be performed prior to or at the Closing;
(c)    Pre-Closing Blocker Taxes;
(d)    Fraud by Blocker; or
(e)    any demand, claim, suit, action, cause of action, proceeding, assessment or dispute brought by or on behalf of any securityholder of Blocker with respect to the allocation or payment among the Blocker Sellers of the Purchase Price pursuant to the terms of this Agreement, including the preparation of the Allocation Methodology (solely with respect to allocations among or payments in respect of Blocker Shares) or any claim that the Closing Consideration Allocation Certificate is not true, correct and complete with respect to the Blocker Sellers.
9.4    Indemnification by Buyer. Subject to the provisions of Section 7.2(b) and this Article 9, from and after the Closing, Buyer shall indemnify and hold harmless each Company Securityholder, the Affiliates of each Company Securityholder and their respective partners, equity holders and members (collectively, the “Seller Indemnified Parties”), from and against all Losses asserted against or incurred by any such Person by reason of:
(a)    any breach of (i) the Buyer Fundamental Representations set forth in Article 6, or (ii) the representations in the certificates delivered by or on behalf of Buyer pursuant to Section
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10.3(e) or Section 10.3(f) (to the extent, and only to the extent, they relate to Buyer Fundamental Representations);
(b)    any breach of the covenants of Buyer set forth in this Agreement;
(c)    any breach of the covenants of Blocker or the Company set forth in this Agreement, to the extent (and only to the extent) required to be performed after the Closing; or
(d)    Fraud by Buyer.
9.5    Limitations. Subject to the additional limitations set forth in Article 7, Section 8.7(b) and Section 9.8, the indemnification obligations under Sections 9.1, 9.2, 9.3 and 9.4 (as appropriate) shall be subject to the following limitations:
(a)    Survival of Company Securityholder Liabilities. No Person shall have any liability for Losses:
(i)    under Section 9.1(a), Section 9.2(a), or Section 9.3(a) following the sixth (6th) anniversary of the Closing Date;
(ii)    under Section 9.1(b), Section 9.1(c), Section 9.2(b), or Section 9.3(b), with respect to claims for a breach of a covenant required to be performed at or prior to the Closing, following the third (3rd) anniversary of the Closing Date;
(iii)    under Section 9.1(b), Section 9.1(c), Section 9.2(b), or Section 9.3(b), with respect to claims for a breach of a covenant required to be performed after the Closing, following the date that is the earlier of (A) sixty (60) days after the date, or expiration of the period, specified in the covenant for the performance thereof (or if none is specified, then sixty (60) days after the covenant is performed in accordance with its terms), and (B) sixty (60) days after the expiration of any applicable statute of limitations;
(iv)    under Section 9.1(d), Section 9.2(d) or Section 9.3(c) sixty (60) days following the expiration of the applicable statute of limitations;
(v)    under Section 9.1(f) following the third (3rd) anniversary of the Closing Date;
(vi)    under Section 9.1(g), Section 9.1(h) and Section 9.3(e) following the sixth (6th) anniversary of the Closing Date; and
(vii)    under Section 9.1(e), Section 9.2(c) or Section 9.3(d) following sixty (60) days after the expiration of the applicable statute of limitations.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Buyer Indemnified Parties shall preserve their rights to pursue a claim under Section 9.1, Section 9.2, and Section 9.3 with respect to a particular breach or Loss if, prior to the expiration of the applicable period set forth in this Section 9.5(a), such Party delivers a notice that constitutes an Indemnification Notice, but only with respect to the content of, and on the basis set forth in, such Indemnification Notice.
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(b)    Survival of Buyer Liabilities. Buyer’s obligations under Section 9.4(a) are subject to the survival limitations set forth in Section 7.2(b). Further, Buyer shall not have any liability for Losses:
(i)    under Section 9.4(b) with respect to claims for a breach of a covenant required to be performed at or prior to the Closing, following the third (3rd) anniversary of the Closing Date;
(ii)    under Section 9.4(b) or Section 9.4(c) with respect to claims for a breach of a covenant required to be performed after the Closing, following the date that is the earlier of (A) sixty (60) days after the date, or expiration of the period, specified in the covenant for the performance thereof (or if none is specified, then sixty (60) days after the covenant is performed in accordance with its terms), and (B) sixty (60) days after the expiration of any applicable statute of limitations; and
(iii)    under Section 9.4(d) following sixty (60) days after the expiration of the applicable statute of limitations.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Seller Indemnified Parties shall preserve their rights to pursue a claim under Section 9.4 with respect to a particular breach or Loss if, prior to the expiration of the applicable period set forth in Section 7.2(b) or this Section 9.5(b), as applicable, such Party delivers a notice that constitutes an Indemnification Notice, but only with respect to the content of, and on the basis set forth in, such Indemnification Notice.
(c)    Aggregate Amount Limitations. Subject to the other provisions of this Article 9, no Person shall have any liability for Losses under Section 9.1 or Section 9.3 to the extent that the aggregate amount of all Losses for which such Person would otherwise be required to provide indemnification thereunder exceeds such Person’s applicable Indemnification Pro Rata Percentage of such Losses. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, in no event shall any Company Securityholder have any liability for Losses under this Article 9 which, in the aggregate, exceed the portion of the Final Purchase Price actually received by such Company Securityholder pursuant to the Closing Consideration Allocation Certificate (including amounts withheld from such Company Securityholder’s payment for payroll Taxes (including income tax withholding) that would be reasonably expected to be refunded to such Company Securityholder upon the filing of an appropriate amended Tax Return accounting for the reduction to the Final Purchase Price as a result of such Losses).
(d)    Insurance and Third-Party Payments. The amount of Losses for which an Indemnifying Party is required to indemnify the Indemnified Parties under Section 9.1, Section 9.2, Section 9.3, or Section 9.4 shall be reduced by the amount actually received by any such Indemnified Party pursuant to any indemnification by, or any indemnification or other agreement with, any third party with respect to such Losses or the underlying reasons therefor, and by the amount of insurance proceeds or other cash receipts or sources of reimbursement actually received by such Indemnified Party from third parties, including third-party insurers, with respect to such Losses or the underlying reasons therefor; provided, however, that (A) the Parties agree that no right of subrogation shall accrue or inure to the benefit of any source of any amounts described in this Section 9.5(d) and no Party shall, and each Party shall cause its respective Indemnified Parties to not, take any action to provide that a right of subrogation shall accrue or inure to the benefit of any source of any amounts described in this Section 9.5(d), (B) if an Indemnifying Party pays to an Indemnified Party an amount in respect of Losses and such Indemnified Party thereafter receives from a third party a payment in respect of such Losses, then such Indemnified Party shall promptly tender to the Indemnifying Party an amount equal to the lesser of such payment and
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the amount that the Indemnifying Party paid in respect of such Losses, and (C) each Party shall, and shall cause each other of its respective Indemnified Parties to, use its commercially reasonable efforts to obtain available recoveries as contemplated by the foregoing clauses (i) and (ii). For the avoidance of doubt, all references to insurance or insurers in the foregoing relate only to insurance policies that may be available to Buyer Indemnified Parties separate and apart from the R&W Insurance Policy, as the R&W Insurance Policy is separately addressed by the provisions of Section 8.7 and Section 9.8.
(e)    Materiality. References to the terms “material,” “materiality,” “materially” or “Material Adverse Effect” (other than such references in the first sentence of Section 3.3(g) and any references to the terms “Material Contract,” “Material Customer” or “Material Supplier”) shall be disregarded for the purposes of determining whether an inaccuracy or breach of a representation or warranty set forth in Article 3 has occurred and determining the amount of Losses based upon, arising out of, with respect to or by reason of any inaccuracy or breach of any representations or warranties set forth in Article 3.
(f)    Mitigation of Losses. The Buyer Indemnified Parties shall use commercially reasonable efforts, to the extent required by Law, to mitigate any Losses that are indemnifiable hereunder, whether by asserting claims against third parties, by qualifying for a benefit that may reduce or eliminate an indemnified matter, or otherwise.
(g)    Limitations on Losses. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein contained, in no event shall any Company Securityholder have any liability under this Article 9 for any special or punitive damages, other than special damages or punitive damages specifically awarded (i) to a third party (i.e., a Person that is not a Buyer Indemnified Party or a Seller Indemnified Party, or one of their respective Affiliates) in connection with a Third Party Claim, or (ii) as a remedy to the Buyer Indemnified Parties for Fraud.
9.6    Procedures Relating to Indemnification Among the Parties. Following the discovery of any indemnity claim that will reasonably be expected to give rise to a Loss or Losses for which indemnification under this Article 9 may be obtained, the Party seeking indemnification under this Article 9 (the “Indemnified Party”) shall, within thirty (30) days thereafter, provide written notice to the Party from whom indemnification is sought (the “Indemnifying Party”), setting forth to the extent known: (i) the specific facts and circumstances, in reasonable detail, relating to such Loss or Losses, (ii) the amount of such Loss or Losses (or a non-binding, reasonable estimate thereof if the actual amount is not capable of reasonable calculation), and (iii) the specific section(s) of this Agreement upon which the Indemnified Party is relying in seeking such indemnification (an “Indemnification Notice”). An Indemnified Party’s failure to provide an Indemnification Notice within the time period specified above shall not relieve the Indemnifying Party from its indemnification obligations with respect to the subject of the Indemnification Notice, except to the extent the Indemnifying Party is prejudiced as a result of such failure.
9.7    Procedures Relating to Indemnification for Third Party Claims.
(a)    Notice. In order for an Indemnified Party to be entitled to any indemnification provided for under this Agreement arising out of or involving a claim or demand made by any third party, including any Governmental Entity, and such claim or demand is of a type that will reasonably be expected to give rise to a Loss or Losses for which indemnification under this Article 9 may be obtained (such claim or demand, a “Third Party Claim”), the Indemnified Party shall provide the Indemnifying Party with an Indemnification Notice relating to the Third Party Claim as soon as possible after the Indemnified Party’s receipt of notice of the Third Party Claim, but in no event later than thirty (30) days thereafter. Thereafter, the Indemnified Party shall deliver to the Indemnifying Party, within ten
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(10) Business Days after the Indemnified Party’s request thereof, copies of all material notices and documents, including all court papers, relating to the Third Party Claim. Except as otherwise set forth in Section 9.5(a) or Section 9.5(b), an Indemnified Party’s failure to provide an Indemnification Notice within the time period specified above shall not relieve the Indemnifying Party from its indemnification obligations with respect to the subject of the Indemnification Notice, except to the extent the Indemnifying Party is materially prejudiced as a result of such failure.
(b)    Defense. If a Third Party Claim is made against an Indemnified Party, then the Indemnifying Party shall be entitled to participate in the defense of the Third Party Claim, and if the Indemnifying Party so chooses, to assume the defense of the Third Party Claim. If the Indemnifying Party assumes such defense, then the Indemnified Party shall have the right, at its sole expense in each instance, to participate in the defense of the Third Party Claim and to employ counsel separate from the counsel employed by the Indemnifying Party, it being understood, however, that the Indemnifying Party shall control such defense, including any settlement or compromise of the Third Party Claim; provided, however, if the Indemnified Party has been advised by legal counsel that a joint representation would be inappropriate because of a conflict of interest, the Indemnified Party shall have the right, at the Indemnifying Party’s expense, to participate in the defense of such Third Party Claim and to employ its own counsel. However, the Indemnifying Party may not enter into or otherwise consent to any settlement or compromise without the prior written consent of the Indemnified Party (which shall not be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed), unless such settlement or compromise (A) includes a complete and unconditional release of liability of the Indemnified Party and (B) does not impose any obligations, restrictions or Losses on the Indemnified Party other than solely monetary obligations for which the Indemnified Party will be fully indemnified hereunder by the Indemnifying Party. If the Indemnifying Party chooses to defend any Third Party Claim, then the Parties shall cooperate in the defense of the Third Party Claim. Such cooperation shall include the retention and (upon the Indemnifying Party’s request) provision to the Indemnifying Party of records that are reasonably relevant to the Third Party Claim and the provision of access to employees on a mutually convenient basis to provide additional information and explanation of any material provided. The Indemnifying Party shall be entitled to assume and control the defense of a Third Party Claim only if (i) the Indemnifying Party provides written notice to the Indemnified Party setting forth an election to so assume the defense within thirty (30) days of receiving the Indemnification Notice relating to a Third Party Claim and an acknowledgment of its obligations to indemnify the Indemnifying Party under this Agreement in respect of such Third Party Claim, (ii) the Third Party Claim seeks solely monetary damages, (iii) the Third Party Claim does not involve criminal allegations, (iv) the Indemnifying Party conducts the defense of the Third Party Claim actively and diligently with counsel reasonably satisfactory to the Indemnifying Party (and for which purpose the Parties hereby agree that the counsel listed in Section 13.9 are satisfactory), (v) it is reasonably likely that a judgment, finding or other resolution of the Third Party Claim that is adverse to the Indemnifying Party will not have a material adverse impact on the Business of the Company or Buyer, and (vi) the Indemnifying Party has not determined in good faith that a joint representation would be inappropriate because of a conflict of interest. If the Indemnifying Party (x) notifies the Indemnified Party in writing that it elects not to assume or to continue control the defense of the Third Party Claim or (y) is otherwise not entitled to assume or control the defense of the Third Party Claim, then the Indemnified Party shall (upon further written notice to the Indemnifying Party) have the right to undertake the defense of the Third Party Claim; provided that the Indemnified Party shall not settle or compromise, or enter into any agreement to settle or compromise, any Third Party Claim without the prior
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written consent of the Indemnifying Party (which shall not be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed).
(c)    Buyer-Handled Claims. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Buyer shall be responsible for the prosecution, defense and settlement of (i) all matters relating to any product liability claims, (ii) all matters relating to any claim based upon or relating to the Intellectual Property of any Acquired Company, (iii) all matters relating to any claim based on employment or labor matters, and (iv) any Third Party Claim if such Third Party Claim seeks injunctive relief, specific performance, or other relief from, or seeks to impose any criminal penalty, fine or other sanction on, the Indemnified Party (collectively, the “Buyer-Handled Claims”). Except to the extent that any such disclosure could cause a waiver of applicable attorney-client privilege (provided, that in such event, Buyer shall use commercially reasonable efforts to enter into arrangements with the Seller Representative (including joint defense agreements or similar arrangements) to enable the Seller Representative to participate without adversely impacting any such privilege), the Seller Representative shall have the right, upon its reasonable request, to monitor the progress of Buyer-Handled Claims, to review on a timely basis all pleadings and other filings relating thereto and to discuss with counsel to Buyer such matters relating to Buyer-Handled Claims as may be reasonably appropriate. Buyer shall be entitled to settle, control, compromise, consent to the entry of any judgment or otherwise dispose of Buyer-Handled Claims only with the approval of the Seller Representative (not to be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed). Buyer shall pursue in good faith, through counsel of its selection, the prosecution, defense or settlement of all Buyer-Handled Claims until such time, if any, that Buyer shall elect not to pursue indemnification with respect to such claim. Subject to the foregoing, the Indemnifying Party will remain responsible for any Losses of Buyer as a result of such Buyer-Handled Claims to the extent subject to indemnification under this Article 9, and Buyer shall retain all remedies to which it is entitled under this Article 9.
9.8    Source of Indemnification. From and after the Closing, and subject to the limitations set forth in Section 9.5, any Losses for which a Buyer Indemnified Party is entitled to indemnification under Section 9.1, Section 9.2 or Section 9.3 either as a result of the Parties’ agreement or as finally determined in a non-appealable order of an arbitrator or court of competent jurisdiction, shall be satisfied as follows:
(a)    Breaches of Representations.
(i)    Non-Fundamental Representations. As set forth in Section 7.2(a) and Section 8.7(b), all representations and warranties of the Company, the Company Securityholders and the Blocker set forth in this Agreement or any Related Agreement (including those set forth in the Option Cancellation and Joinder Agreements and the certificates delivered by the Company pursuant to Section 10.2(k) and Section 10.2(l)), other than Fundamental Representations (and the representations and warranties respecting Fundamental Representations set forth in the certificates delivered by the Company pursuant to Section 10.2(k) and Section 10.2(l)), terminate and expire at the Closing, and (other than in connection with a claim for Fraud) the Buyer Indemnified Parties’ sole and exclusive remedy for the breach of or inaccuracy in any such representations and warranties shall be recovery under the R&W Insurance Policy, and the Company Securityholders shall have no liability for such Losses.
(ii)    Fundamental Representations and Taxes. With respect to Losses under Section 9.1(a), Section 9.1(d), Section 9.2(a), Section 9.2(d), Section 9.3(a) and Section 9.3(c) (and the representations and warranties respecting Fundamental Representations set forth in the certificates delivered by the Company pursuant to Section 10.2(k) and Section 10.2(l)), unless coverage is not available under the R&W Insurance Policy (including because coverage is
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expressly excluded by the terms of the R&W Insurance Policy or because Buyer has previously exceeded the R&W Insurance Policy Limit or in the event of Fraud), (A) first, Buyer shall submit a claim under the R&W Insurance Policy in accordance with Section 9.8(d), and (B) second, to the extent that the R&W Insurer denies coverage for such claim (which shall not include a reservation of rights or a statement not expressly accepting coverage) or such claim exceeds the R&W Insurance Policy Limit, then the applicable Company Securityholder(s) shall, severally and not jointly, in accordance with their respective applicable Indemnification Pro Rata Percentage indemnify Buyer Indemnified Parties for such Losses by direct payment, subject to the aggregate amount limitation set forth in Section 9.5(c); provided, however, that in the event such a claim is submitted to the R&W Insurance Policy and such claim is not finally determined within twelve (12) months of submission (other than as a result of a claim that by its nature is ongoing (e.g., a litigation matter)), the Buyer may, at its election, seek to recover such Losses from the applicable Company Securityholder(s) in accordance with clause (B) above, and provided, further, that the Buyer shall be entitled to deliver an Indemnification Notice with respect to any such claim at any time prior to the expiration of the applicable survival period regardless of the obligation to proceed under the R&W Insurance Policy first in order to preserve its rights in that regard.
(b)    Breaches of Covenants and Other Indemnification Obligations. With respect to Losses under Section 9.1(b), Section 9.1(c), Section 9.1(f), Section 9.1(g), Section 9.1(h), Section 9.2(b), Section 9.2(e), Sections 9.3(b) and Section 9.3(e), the applicable Company Securityholder(s) shall, severally and not jointly, in accordance with their respective applicable Indemnification Pro Rata Percentage, indemnify Buyer Indemnified Parties for such Losses by direct payment, subject to the aggregate amount limitation set forth in Section 9.5(c).
(c)    Claims for Fraud. With respect to Losses under Section 9.1(e), Section 9.2(c), or Section 9.3(d), Buyer shall be entitled to proceed against and pursue recovery from the applicable Company Securityholders without having to first proceed against the R&W Insurance Policy or to first pursue or otherwise exhaust recovery or other remedies thereunder, in which case, the applicable Company Securityholders shall, severally and not jointly, in accordance with their respective Indemnification Pro Rata Percentage, indemnify Buyer Indemnified Parties for such Losses by direct payment, subject to the aggregate amount limitation set forth in Section 9.5(c). The Company Securityholders acknowledge and agree that the R&W Insurance Policy provides the R&W Insurer with certain rights against the Company Securityholders in relation to Company Securityholders’ Fraud, including rights of subrogation, and that nothing in this Section 9.8(c) shall be construed as limiting or waiving any of the R&W Insurer’s rights against the Company Securityholders in relation to Company Securityholders’ Fraud. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the event a Buyer Indemnified Party brings a claim under Section 9.1(e), Section 9.2(c), or Section 9.3(d), Buyer shall, and shall cause each other Buyer Indemnified Party to, concurrently pursue such claim under the R&W Insurance Policy so long as the Buyer Indemnified Party, in good faith, does not believe that recovery under the R&W Insurance Policy is unlikely; provided, however, that, in the event such a claim is pursued under the R&W Insurance Policy and such claim is ultimately denied, such Buyer Indemnified Party’s expenses in pursuing such claim under the R&W Insurance Policy shall be additional Losses in connection with the claim made against the applicable Company Securityholders under Section 9.1(e), Section 9.2(c), or Section 9.3(d), as appropriate.
(d)    Recovery Under R&W Insurance Policy. To the extent a Buyer Indemnified Party is required to pursue a claim against the R&W Insurance Policy, Buyer shall cause such Buyer Indemnified Party to pursue such claim in good faith using commercially reasonable efforts and comply in good faith with all applicable terms, conditions and claim procedures under the R&W Insurance Policy;
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provided that, for the avoidance of doubt, in no event shall the foregoing be construed as requiring a Buyer Indemnified Party to commence or maintain or threaten to commence or maintain an Action against the R&W Insurer. Buyer shall otherwise keep the Seller Representative reasonably informed with respect to the status, all material developments and the resolution of any such claim. In the event that a Buyer Indemnified Party shall recover the amount of any Losses under the R&W Insurance Policy, (i) the Losses for which the Indemnifying Party(ies) are obligated to indemnify hereunder shall be reduced, and (ii) Buyer shall cause the applicable Buyer Indemnified Party to promptly tender to the Indemnifying Party(ies) an amount in immediately available funds equal to the lesser of such payment and the amount that the Indemnifying Party(ies) paid in respect of such Losses. For the avoidance of doubt, the foregoing shall not operate to limit the subrogation rights of the R&W Insurer with respect to Fraud.
9.9    Payment Mechanics. In the event of a Loss for which an Indemnified Party is entitled to receive indemnification by direct payment under this Article 9, the Indemnifying Party shall, within five (5) Business Days of a written payment request for the amounts of such Loss by the Indemnified Party, pay such amounts to the applicable Indemnified Party.
9.10    Exclusive Remedy; No Duplication. From and after the Closing, except as provided in Section 2.4, Section 2.5, or Section 8.4(g), and except in the case of Fraud, the indemnification provisions of this Article 9 shall be the sole and exclusive post-Closing remedy with respect to any and all claims arising out of or relating to this Agreement, any Related Agreement, the negotiation and execution of this Agreement or any Related Agreement, and the performance by the Parties of this Agreement or any Related Agreement, and no remedy other than in the case of Fraud shall be had pursuant to any statutory, contract, misrepresentation, strict liability or tort theory or otherwise by any Party or its officers, directors, employees, agents, affiliates, attorneys, consultants, insurers, successors and assigns, all such remedies being hereby expressly waived to the fullest extent permitted under applicable Law (including claims under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act of 1980, as amended, and claims under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act of 1976, as amended). In addition to the foregoing, but without limiting Buyer’s rights and remedies in the case of Fraud, the amount of indemnification obligations of the Parties set forth in this Article 9 shall be the maximum amount of Post-Closing indemnification obligations arising in connection with this Agreement and all Related Agreements, and Buyer shall not be entitled to any rescission of this Agreement (or any Related Agreements) or any further indemnification rights or claims of any nature whatsoever, all of which are hereby expressly waived by Buyer to the fullest extent permitted under applicable Law. Without limiting the ability of the Buyer to pursue recovery under a breach of multiple representations, warranties and covenants with respect to a matter giving rise to a breach of representation, warranty or covenant, the Buyer Indemnified Parties shall be entitled to only a single recovery (without duplication) for each dollar of indemnified Losses that arise in connection with such matter, even if such matter shall involve breaches of multiple representations, warranties and covenants.
10.    CLOSING
10.1    Closing Date. Unless this Agreement shall have been earlier terminated pursuant to Article 11, the closing of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement (the “Closing”) shall take place at 10:00 a.m. Central time on the date that is two (2) Business Days following the date on which the last of the conditions to Closing set forth in Section 10.4 and Section 10.5 shall have been satisfied or waived (other than conditions that, by their nature, are to be satisfied on the Closing Date), or at such other date and time as the Parties may mutually agree upon in writing. The actual date of the Closing is referred to in this Agreement as the “Closing Date,” and if the Closing occurs, then for legal, Tax, financial, accounting and all other purposes, the Closing shall be deemed to have become effective as of 12:01 a.m. Pacific time on the Closing Date regardless of the actual occurrence of the Closing at any particular time
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on the Closing Date. The Parties intend that the Closing shall be effected, to the extent practicable, by telephone conference call and the electronic delivery (or, if necessary, prior physical exchange) of documents, to be held in escrow by outside counsel of the recipient Party pending authorization by the delivering Party (or its outside counsel) of the release of such documents at the Closing.
10.1    Items Being Delivered by the Sellers. At the Closing, the Sellers are delivering (or will cause to be delivered) to Buyer the following documents, in each case, duly executed or otherwise in proper form:
(a)    Assignment of Purchased Units. From each Company Seller, an assignment of such Company Seller’s Purchased Units in favor of Buyer, duly executed by such Company Seller.
(b)    Blocker Share Certificates and Stock Powers. Stock certificate(s) evidencing each Blocker Seller’s Blocker Shares endorsed in blank for transfer or accompanied by a duly executed stock power in substantially the form attached hereto as Exhibit B, assigning such Blocker Shares in blank (or if such certificate(s) are lost or stolen, an appropriate form of lost certificate affidavit).
(c)    Option Cancellation and Joinder Agreements. An Option Cancellation and Joinder Agreement from each Company Option Holder in substantially the form of Exhibit C (“Option Cancellation and Joinder Agreement”), duly executed by the Company and such Company Option Holder.
(d)    Escrow Agreement. A mutually agreeable escrow agreement consistent with the terms set forth in Article 2 (the “Escrow Agreement”), duly executed by Seller Representative and the Escrow Agent.
(e)    Resignations. The resignations of each Resigning Person from his or her respective capacity or capacities with the Company Entities and the Blocker, as applicable, effective as of the Closing, duly executed by each such Resigning Person.
(f)    Payoff Letters. Payoff Letters delivered and duly executed by the obligees for all Indebtedness of the Acquired Companies (excluding the PPP Loan Amount if outstanding as of the Closing Date and any amount that is compensatory in nature), which Payoff Letters shall include, among other things: (i) the amount required to discharge such Indebtedness at Closing and a release of the obligations of the Company Entities and the Blocker thereunder and (ii) if such Indebtedness is secured
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by any Liens, agreeing to promptly release such Liens upon receipt of the payoff amount (if applicable), together with executed releases (in form suitable for filing, if applicable) to effect such release of Liens.
(g)    Expense Invoices. One or more final statements or invoices, in the form and substance reasonably satisfactory to Buyer, for the Seller Transaction Expenses (other than in respect of compensatory items and Taxes) set forth on the Estimated Closing Statement.
(h)    [Reserved].
(i)    IRS Form W-9. A properly completed IRS Form W-9 for each Company Seller, duly executed by the applicable Company Seller.
(j)    FIRPTA. A properly executed statement, in accordance with Treasury Regulation Sections 1.897-2(h) and 1.1445-2(c)(3), certifying that interests in Blocker are not “United States real property interests”, together with the required notice to the IRS, dated as of the Closing Date.
(k)    Company Officer’s Certificates. A certificate of an officer of the Company, dated as of the Closing Date, certifying as to the matters set forth Section 10.5(b) and Section 10.5(e) (with respect to the Company).
(l)    Company Secretary’s Certificate. A certificate of the secretary or other officer of the Company, dated as of the Closing Date, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to Buyer, as to (i) no amendments to the Company Entity Organizational Documents, and (ii) the actions taken by the Board of Managers of the Company to authorize this Agreement and each Related Agreement to which the Company may be party or subject, and the other transactions contemplated thereby, copies of which actions shall be attached to such certificate.
(m)    Blocker Officer’s Certificates. A certificate of an officer of Blocker, dated as of the Closing Date, certifying as to the matters set forth Section 10.5(d) and Section 10.5(e) (with respect to Blocker).
(n)    Blocker Secretary’s Certificate. A certificate of the secretary or other officer of the Blocker, dated as of the Closing Date, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to Buyer, as to (i) no amendments to the Blocker Organizational Documents, and (ii) the actions taken by the Board of Directors of Blocker to authorize this Agreement and each Related Agreement to which Blocker may be party or subject, and the other transactions contemplated thereby, copies of which actions shall be attached to such certificate.
(o)    D&O Tail Policy. A binder for the D&O Tail Policy, duly executed by the applicable insurer and satisfactory to the Seller Representative, which is in full force and effect and valid and binding as of the Closing.
(p)    PPP Loan Escrow Agreement. The PPP Loan Escrow Agreement, duly executed by the PPP Loan Escrow Agent and Xirgo Technologies, LLC.
10.3    Items Being Delivered by Buyer. At the Closing, Buyer shall deliver to the Company the following documents, in each case, duly executed or otherwise in proper form:
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(a)    [Reserved].
(b)    Escrow Agreement. The Escrow Agreement, duly executed by Buyer.
(c)    Xirgo Retention Bonus Plan. Evidence that the Xirgo Retention Bonus Plan will be duly adopted by the Board of Managers of Xirgo Technologies, LLC no later than effective as of immediately following the Closing.
(d)    R&W Insurance Policy. The Binder Agreement, duly executed by the R&W Insurer, which is in full force and effect and valid and binding, in all cases subject to the terms and conditions thereof, as of the Closing.
(e)    Officer’s Certificate. A certificate of an officer of Buyer, dated as of the Closing Date, certifying as to the matters set forth Section 10.4(b) and Section 10.4(c).
(f)    Buyer’s Secretary’s Certificate. A certificate of the secretary or other officer of the Buyer, dated as of the Closing Date, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to Seller Representative, as to (i) no amendments to Buyer’s Organizational Documents, and (ii) the actions taken by the Board of Directors of Buyer to authorize this Agreement and each Related Agreement to which Buyer may be party or subject, and the other transactions contemplated thereby, copies of which actions shall be attached to such certificate.
10.4    Conditions to Obligations of the Sellers. The obligations of the Sellers to consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement shall be subject to the fulfilment, or the Sellers’ waiver, at or prior to the Closing, of each of the conditions set forth in this Section 10.4.
(a)    HSR Act Filings. The filings of Buyer required under the HSR Act, if any, shall have been made and the applicable waiting period under the HSR Act and any extensions thereof shall have expired or been terminated.
(b)    Representations and Warranties of Buyer. The representations and warranties of Buyer contained in Article 6 shall be true and correct (without giving effect to any limitation as to “materiality” or “material adverse effect” or any similar limitation contained herein) as of the date hereof and as of the Closing Date (except to the extent that any such representation and warranty expressly speaks as of an earlier date, in which case such representation and warranty shall be true and correct as of such earlier date), other than the failure of such representations and warranties of Buyer to be so true and correct, individually or in the aggregate, which has the effect of preventing, materially delaying or making illegal the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.
(c)    Covenants of Buyer. The covenants required by this Agreement to be performed or complied with by Buyer prior to or at the Closing shall have been performed and complied with in all material respects prior to or at the Closing Date.
(d)    No Legal Prohibition. No Governmental Entity shall have (i) enacted, issued, promulgated, enforced or entered any Law or Order that is in effect and has the effect of making the transactions contemplated by this Agreement illegal, or otherwise restraining or prohibiting consummation of such transactions or causing any of the transactions contemplated hereunder to be
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rescinded following the completion thereof or (ii) initiated any Action or otherwise threatened the same in writing seeking to effect the foregoing described in clause (i).
(e)    Closing Deliverables. At or prior to the Closing, Buyer shall have made the payments set forth in Section 2.3 (except as otherwise specifically set forth therein) and shall have delivered to the Sellers the documents set forth in Section 10.3, in each case, duly executed or otherwise in proper form.
10.5    Conditions to Obligations of Buyer. The obligations of Buyer to consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement shall be subject to the fulfilment, or Buyer’s waiver, at or prior to the Closing, of each of the conditions set forth in this Section 10.5.
(a)    HSR Act Filings. The filings of the Sellers or the Company Entities required under the HSR Act, if any, shall have been made and the applicable waiting period under the HSR Act and any extensions thereof shall have expired or been terminated.
(b)    Representations and Warranties of Company.
(i)    The representations and warranties of the Company contained in Article 3 (other than the Fundamental Representations of the Company in such Section), after the application of any Permitted Updates, shall be true and correct (without giving effect to any limitation as to “materiality” or “Material Adverse Effect” or any similar limitation contained herein) on and as of the Closing Date (except to the extent that any such representation and warranty expressly speaks as of an earlier date, in which case, such representation and warranty shall be true and correct as of such earlier date), other than where the failure of such representations and warranties of the Company to be so true and correct, individually or in the aggregate, has not had and would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.
(ii)    The Fundamental Representations of the Company (other than the representations and warranties contained in Sections 3.3(a) and Section 3.3(b)) shall be true and correct in all respects as of the Closing Date.
(iii)    The representations and warranties of the Company contained in Sections 3.3(a) and Section 3.3(b) shall be true and correct in all but de minimis respects as of the date hereof and on and as of the Closing Date.
(c)    Representations and Warranties of each Seller.
(i)    The representations and warranties of each Seller contained in Article 4 (other than the Fundamental Representations of such Seller in such Section) shall be true and correct (without giving effect to any limitation as to “materiality” or “Material Adverse Effect” or any similar limitation contained herein) as of the Closing Date (except to the extent that any such representation and warranty expressly speaks as of an earlier date, in which case, such representation and warranty shall be true and correct as of such earlier date), other than where the failure of such representations and warranties of such Seller to be so true and correct,
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individually or in the aggregate, has not had and would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.
(ii)    The Fundamental Representations of each Seller shall be true and correct in all respects on and as of the Closing Date.
(d)    Representations and Warranties of Blocker.
(i)    The representations and warranties of Blocker contained in Article 5 (other than the Fundamental Representations of Blocker in such Section) shall be true and correct (without giving effect to any limitation as to “materiality” or “Material Adverse Effect” or any similar limitation contained herein) as of the Closing Date (except to the extent that any such representation and warranty expressly speaks as of an earlier date, in which case, such representation and warranty shall be true and correct as of such earlier date), other than where the failure of such representations and warranties of Blocker to be so true and correct, individually or in the aggregate, has not had and would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.
(ii)    The Fundamental Representations of Blocker shall be true and correct in all respects on and as of the Closing Date.
(e)    Covenants of the Company, each Seller, and Blocker. The covenants required by this Agreement to be performed or complied with by the Company, each Seller and Blocker prior to or at the Closing shall have been performed and complied with in all material respects prior to or at the Closing Date.
(f)    No Legal Prohibition. No Governmental Entity shall have (i) enacted, issued, promulgated, enforced or entered any Law or Order that is in effect and has the effect of making the transactions contemplated by this Agreement illegal, or otherwise restraining or prohibiting consummation of such transactions or causing any of the transactions contemplated hereunder to be rescinded following the completion thereof or (ii) initiated any Action (or threatened the same in writing) seeking to effect the foregoing described in clause (i).
(g)    Closing Deliverables. At or prior to the Closing, the Sellers shall have delivered to Buyer the documents set forth in Section 10.2, in each case, duly executed or otherwise in proper form.
11.    TERMINATION
11.1    Termination. This Agreement may be terminated at any time prior to the Closing:
(a)    by the mutual written consent of Buyer and the Seller Representative;
(b)    by Buyer or the Company, by written notice to the other Parties, if the Closing has not occurred on or before the sixtieth (60th) day following the date hereof (“Outside Date”); provided, however that (i) a Party shall not be entitled to terminate under this Section 11.1(b) if the failure of the Closing to occur by the Outside Date is the result of a failure by such Party to perform or comply with any of its covenants or agreements hereunder, and (ii) in the event the initial waiting period under
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the HSR Act is extended by a Governmental Entity, the Outside Date shall automatically be deemed to extend to and include the one hundred and twentieth (120th) day following the date hereof.
(c)    by Buyer by written notice to the Company, if the Company, Blocker or the Sellers have breached any representation, warranty, covenant or agreement in this Agreement such that any of the conditions set forth in Section 10.5(b), Section 10.5(c), Section 10.5(d), and Section 10.5(e) would not be satisfied, which breach has not been cured prior to the earlier of thirty (30) days following written notice thereof and the Outside Date, unless such failure to be satisfied shall be due to the failure of Buyer to perform or comply with any of the covenants or agreements hereof to be performed, complied with or satisfied by Buyer at or prior to the Closing;
(d)    by the Company by written notice to Buyer, if Buyer has breached any representation, warranty, covenant or agreement in this Agreement such that any of the conditions set forth in Section 10.4(b) and Section 10.4(c) would not be satisfied, which breach has not been cured prior to the earlier of thirty (30) days following written notice thereof and the Outside Date, unless such failure to be satisfied shall be due to the failure of the Company, Blocker, or a Seller to perform or comply with any of the covenants or agreements hereof to be performed, complied with or satisfied by such Party at or prior to the Closing; or
(e)    by Buyer or the Company, by written notice to the other Parties, if any Law (other than an Order) or any final, non-appealable Order shall have been effected by a Governmental Entity that makes illegal, restrains or prohibits the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement or rescinds the completion thereof; provided, however, that a Party shall not be entitled to terminate under this Section 11.1(e) if such Law or Order being in effect is the result of a failure by such Party to perform or comply with any of its covenants or agreements hereunder.
11.2    Effect of Termination. In the event of the termination of this Agreement in accordance with Section 11.1, this Agreement shall forthwith become void and there shall be no liability on the part of any Party, except (a) as set forth in this Article 11 and in Section 8.4(a)(ii) and Article 13; and (b) that nothing herein shall relieve any Party from liability for any willful or intentional breach of any provision hereof occurring prior to such termination.
12.    Seller Representative
12.1    Appointment of the Seller Representative.
(a)    Each Company Securityholder irrevocably appoints and authorizes Hammond, Kennedy, Whitney & Company, Inc., a New York corporation, as the “Seller Representative” and in such capacity as its agent and attorney-in-fact to take such action as agent and attorney-in-fact on its or his behalf and to exercise such powers under this Agreement and any Related Agreements that require any form of any Company Securityholder approval or consent, together with all such powers as are reasonably incidental thereto. The Seller Representative may perform its duties as such through sub-agents and attorneys-in-fact and shall have no liability for any acts or omissions of any such sub-agent or attorney if selected by it with reasonable care. Buyer shall be entitled to deal exclusively with the Seller Representative on behalf of any and all Company Securityholders with respect to all matters relating to this Agreement, the Related Agreements and the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby, and shall be entitled to rely conclusively (without further evidence of any kind whatsoever) on any document executed or purported to be executed on behalf of any Company Securityholder by the Seller Representative, and on any other action taken or purported to be taken on behalf of any Company Securityholder by the Seller Representative, as fully binding upon such Company Securityholder.
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Hammond, Kennedy, Whitney & Company, Inc. hereby accepts its appointment as the Seller Representative.
(b)    Without limiting the generality of the foregoing Section 12.1(a), the Seller Representative, acting alone without the consent of any other Company Securityholder, is hereby authorized to (i) take any and all actions under Article 2, (ii) except for claims for indemnification pursuant to which only an individual Company Securityholder is the Indemnifying Party (including in respect of claims for breaches of representations and warranties of such Company Securityholder), supervise, defend, coordinate and negotiate claims for indemnification under Article 9 (including settlements thereof), (iii) effect payments to the Company Securityholders hereunder, (iv) receive or give notices hereunder, (v) receive or make payment hereunder, (vi) execute waivers or amendments hereof, and/or (vii) execute and deliver documents, releases and/or receipts hereunder.
(c)    The Company Securityholders recognize and intend that the power of attorney and the powers, immunities and rights to indemnification granted to the Seller Representative (i) are coupled with an interest and are irrevocable, (ii) may be delegated by the Seller Representative, (iii) shall survive the death, dissolution, incapacity, bankruptcy or liquidation, as applicable, of each of the Company Securityholders and (iv) shall survive the delivery of an assignment by any Company Securityholders of the whole or any fraction of his, her or its interest in the Adjustment Escrow Amount.
(d)    The Seller Representative may consult with legal counsel, independent public accountants and other experts selected by it and shall not be liable to any Company Securityholder for any action taken or omitted to be taken by it in good faith in accordance with the advice of such counsel, accountants or experts.
(e)    None of the Seller Representative and the Seller Representative’s Affiliates and their respective partners, directors, officers, managers, members, agents, attorneys, employees, shareholders and other Representatives of each of the foregoing (collectively, the “Seller Representative Group”) shall be liable for (i) any action or omission consented to or requested by a majority in interest of the other Company Securityholders (based on respective Allocated Percentages of such amounts, as determined by the Seller Representative), or (ii) any action or omission otherwise taken by it hereunder except (in the case of this clause (ii) only) in the case of willful misconduct by the Seller Representative (and then, only to the extent determined by a final judgment of a court of competent jurisdiction). The Seller Representative shall not be deemed to be a trustee or other fiduciary on behalf of any Company Securityholder or any other Person, nor shall the Seller Representative have any liability in the nature of a trustee or other fiduciary. The Seller Representative does not make any representation or warranty as to, nor shall it be responsible for or have any duty to ascertain, inquire into or verify (A) any statement, warranty or representation made in or in connection with this Agreement or the Related Agreements, (B) the performance or observance of any of the covenants or agreements of the Company Securityholders under this Agreement or any of the other Related Agreements, or (C) the genuineness, legality, validity, binding effect, enforceability, value, sufficiency, effectiveness or genuineness of this Agreement, the Related Agreements or any other instrument or writing furnished in connection herewith or therewith. The Seller Representative shall not incur any liability by acting in reliance upon any notice, consent, certificate, statement or other writing (which may be a bank wire, facsimile or similar writing) believed by it to be genuine and to be signed or sent by the proper party or parties.
(f)    Each Company Securityholder shall, on a several and not joint basis in accordance with his or its Allocated Percentage of such amounts, as determined by the Seller Representative, pay or reimburse the Seller Representative, upon presentation of an invoice, for all costs and expenses of the Seller Representative (including, without limitation, fees and expenses of counsel to
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the Seller Representative) in connection with (i) the enforcement of this Agreement and any of the Related Agreements and/or the protection or preservation of the rights of each Company Securityholder and/or the Seller Representative against Buyer, or any of their respective assets, and (ii) any amendment, modification or waiver of any of the terms of this Agreement or any Related Agreements (whether or not any such amendment, modification or waiver is signed or becomes effective). Such amounts shall first be paid out of the Representative Expense Fund Amount, which will be delivered by Buyer to the Seller Representative at the Closing as a deduction from the Purchase Price that the Seller Representative shall maintain in a separate account for application under Section 2.4, Section 2.5 and this Section 12.1. The Company Securityholders will not receive any interest on the Representative Expense Fund Amount and assign to the Seller Representative any such interest. The Company Securityholders acknowledge that the Seller Representative shall not be required to expend or risk its own funds or otherwise incur any financial liability in the exercise or performance of any of its powers, rights, duties or privileges or pursuant to this Agreement, the Related Agreements or the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby. For income Tax purposes, the Representative Expense Fund Amount shall be treated as received and voluntarily set aside by the Company Securityholders at the Closing.
(g)    Each Company Securityholder shall, on a several and not joint basis in accordance with its Allocated Percentage of such amounts, as determined by the Seller Representative, indemnify, defend and hold harmless the Seller Representative Group against any claim that such indemnitees may suffer or incur in connection with its capacity as the Seller Representative, or any action taken or omitted by such indemnitees hereunder or under the Related Agreements (except such resulting from such indemnitees’ willful misconduct).
(h)    Each Company Securityholder acknowledges that it has, independently and without reliance upon the Seller Representative or any other Company Securityholder, and based on such documents and information as it has deemed appropriate, made its own legal analysis and decision to enter into this Agreement. Each Company Securityholder also acknowledges that he, she or it will, independently and without reliance upon the Seller Representative or any other Company Securityholder, and based on such documents and information as he, she or it shall deem appropriate at the time, continue to make its or his own decisions in taking or not taking any action under this Agreement.
(i)    The Seller Representative may resign at any time by giving notice thereof to the Company Securityholders. Upon any such resignation, the Company Securityholders (by the vote of a majority of their Allocated Percentages) shall appoint a successor Seller Representative. If no successor Seller Representative shall have been appointed by the Company Securityholders, and shall have accepted such appointment, within thirty (30) days after the retiring Seller Representative gives notice of resignation, then the retiring Seller Representative, may, on behalf of the Company Securityholders appoint a successor Seller Representative, which may be a Company Securityholder. Upon the acceptance of its appointment as the Seller Representative hereunder by a successor Seller Representative, such successor Seller Representative shall thereupon succeed to and become vested with all the rights and duties of the retiring Seller Representative, and the retiring Seller Representative shall be discharged from its duties and obligations hereunder. After the retiring Seller Representative’s resignation hereunder as the Seller Representative, the provisions of this Agreement shall inure to its benefit as to any actions taken or omitted to be taken by it while it was the Seller Representative.
(j)    The Seller Representative shall not be required by the Company Securityholders to institute or be permitted to defend any action involving any matters referred to herein or which affects it or its duties or liabilities hereunder, unless or until requested to do so by any party to this Agreement and then only upon receiving full indemnity, in character satisfactory to the Seller
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Representative, against any and all claims, liabilities and expenses, including reasonable attorneys’ fees in relation thereto.
(k)    This Section 12.1 sets forth all of the duties of the Company Securityholders Representative to the Company Securityholders with respect to any and all matters pertinent hereto. No implied duties or obligations shall be read into this Agreement or any of the Related Agreements against the Seller Representative. The obligations of the Seller Representative hereunder and under the Related Agreements are only those expressly set forth herein and therein.
(l)    The Seller Representative shall disburse any remaining Representative Expense Fund Amounts to the Company Securityholders in accordance with the Closing Consideration Allocation Certificate at such time that it determines in its sole discretion that it is no longer necessary to hold such funds.
(m)    Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, only the Seller Representative (on behalf of any Seller Indemnified Party), and not any Seller Indemnified Party individually, will have the right to assert a claim for indemnification pursuant to any Seller Indemnified Party’s rights hereunder (including Section 9.4).
13.    MISCELLANEOUS
13.1    Publicity. From and after the date of this Agreement, except to the extent required by applicable Law, the Parties shall not, directly or indirectly, issue any press release, statement, disclosure or public announcement of any kind concerning the subject matters of this Agreement without the prior written consent of the other Parties; provided, however, that Buyer may issue, directly or indirectly, any press release, or make similar public statements, disclosures or announcements relating to the subject matter of this Agreement, in each case, as it reasonably believes necessary or required by applicable Law or any securities exchange to which Buyer is subject or for financial reporting purposes. Notwithstanding the foregoing, nothing in this Section 13.1 shall limit or prohibit the Company Securityholders, Hammond, Kennedy, Whitney & Company, Inc., or their successors related private equity funds, from: (a) disclosing the consummation of the transaction contemplated hereby via email, on their websites and otherwise in the ordinary course of business, or (b) disclosing the material financial terms and conditions of this Agreement and the transactions contemplated by this Agreement to limited partners or investors, potential limited partners or investors, or in connection with fund raising, marketing, information or reporting activities.
13.2    Entire Agreement. This Agreement (including the Exhibits, Schedules and Disclosure Schedule hereto and other agreements reference herein (including the Related Agreements)) supersedes all prior agreements, and constitutes a complete and exclusive statement of the terms of the agreement, between the Parties with respect to its subject matter. There have been and are no representations, warranties or covenants relating to the subject matter of this Agreement between the Parties other than those set forth in this Agreement or in any certificates delivered by or on behalf of a Party pursuant to the express terms hereof.
13.3    Assignment. No Party shall assign, transfer or encumber this Agreement or its rights or obligations hereunder, whether in whole or in part, without the prior written consent of both Buyer and the Seller Representative, and any attempted assignment, transfer or encumbrance without such consent shall be void and without effect; provided, however, that, without such consent, Buyer may assign or transfer, in whole or in part from time to time, its rights and obligations under this Agreement to one or more of its Affiliates, provided, that no such assignment or transfer will relieve Buyer of its obligations
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hereunder. Subject to the previous sentence, this Agreement shall be binding upon, inure to the benefit of and be enforceable by the Parties and their respective permitted successors and permitted assigns. Any purported assignment or delegation of rights or obligations in violation of this Section 13.3 is void and of no force or effect.
13.4    Governing Law; Consent to Jurisdiction. This Agreement, and all matters arising out of or relating to this Agreement and any of the transactions contemplated hereby or in connection with to any matter which is the subject of this Agreement, including the validity hereof and the rights and obligations of the Parties hereunder, shall be construed in accordance with and governed by the laws of the State of Delaware applicable to Contracts made and to be performed entirely in such state (without giving effect to the conflicts of law provisions thereof). The Parties hereto hereby irrevocably submit to the exclusive jurisdiction of any court of competent civil jurisdiction sitting in the State of Delaware over any Action arising out of or in connection with this Agreement or any of the transactions contemplated hereby or related to any matter which is the subject of this Agreement and each Party hereto hereby irrevocably agrees that all claims in respect of such Action may be heard and determined in such courts. The Parties hereto hereby irrevocably waive any objection which they may now or hereafter have to the laying of venue of such Action brought in such court or any claim that such Action brought in such court has been brought in an inconvenient forum. Each of the Parties hereto agrees that a judgment in such Action may be enforced in other jurisdictions by suit on the judgment or in any other manner provided by any applicable Law. Each of the Parties hereto hereby irrevocably consents to process being served by any party to this Agreement in any Action by delivery of a copy thereof in accordance with the provisions of Section 13.4 and consents to the exercise of jurisdiction of the courts of the State of Delaware over it and its properties with respect to any Action arising out of or in connection with this Agreement or the transactions contemplated hereby or the enforcement of any rights under this Agreement. EACH OF THE PARTIES HEREBY WAIVES AND AGREES NOT TO ASSERT IN ANY SUCH DISPUTE, TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, ANY CLAIM THAT (A) SUCH PARTY IS NOT PERSONALLY SUBJECT TO THE JURISDICTION OF SUCH COURTS, (B) SUCH PARTY AND SUCH PARTY’S PROPERTY IS IMMUNE FROM ANY LEGAL PROCESS ISSUED BY SUCH COURTS OR (C) ANY LITIGATION OR OTHER PROCEEDING COMMENCED IN SUCH COURTS IS BROUGHT IN AN INCONVENIENT FORUM. THE PARTIES HEREBY AGREE THAT MAILING OF PROCESS OR OTHER PAPERS IN CONNECTION WITH ANY SUCH ACTION OR PROCEEDING IN THE MANNER PROVIDED IN SECTION 13.9, OR IN SUCH OTHER MANNER AS MAY BE PERMITTED BY LAW, SHALL BE VALID AND SUFFICIENT SERVICE THEREOF AND HEREBY WAIVE ANY OBJECTIONS TO SERVICE ACCOMPLISHED IN THE MANNER HEREIN PROVIDED.
13.5    Waiver of Trial by Jury. EACH OF THE PARTIES HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES ANY AND ALL RIGHT TO TRIAL BY JURY IN AND ANY ACTION, PROCEEDING OR COUNTERCLAIM (WHETHER BASED ON CONTRACT, TORT, OR OTHERWISE) ARISING OUT OF, RELATING TO OR IN CONNECTION WITH ANY MATTER WHICH IS THE SUBJECT OF THIS AGREEMENT OR THE ACTIONS OF ANY PARTY HERETO IN THE NEGOTIATION, ADMINISTRATION, PERFORMANCE OR ENFORCEMENT HEREOF.
13.6    Amendment. Subject to applicable Law, any provision of this Agreement may be amended or waived prior to the Closing if, but only if, such amendment or waiver is in writing and is signed, in the case of an amendment, by Buyer, the Company, Blocker and the Seller Representative, or, in the case of a waiver, by each party against whom the waiver is to be effective; provided, that the Seller Representative shall have the authority to sign any such waiver on behalf of any Seller. From and after
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Closing, no amendments or supplements to this Agreement shall be valid and binding unless set forth in a written agreement executed and delivered by Buyer and the Seller Representative.
13.7    Severability. In the event that any one (1) or more of the provisions contained herein is held invalid, illegal or unenforceable in any respect for any reason in any jurisdiction, the validity, legality and enforceability of any such provision in every other respect and of the remaining provisions hereof shall not be in any way impaired or affected (so long as the economic or legal substance of the transactions contemplated hereby is not affected in any manner materially adverse to any party), it being intended that each of the Parties’ rights and privileges shall be enforceable to the fullest extent permitted by applicable Law, and any such invalidity, illegality and unenforceability in any jurisdiction shall not invalidate or render unenforceable such provision in any other jurisdiction (so long as the economic or legal substance of the transactions contemplated hereby is not affected in any manner materially adverse to any party). If any court of competent jurisdiction determines that any provision of this Agreement is invalid, illegal or unenforceable, such court has the power to fashion and enforce another provision (instead of the provision held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable) that is valid, legal and enforceable and carries out the intentions of the Parties hereto under this Agreement and, in the event that such court does not exercise such power, the Parties hereto shall negotiate in good faith in an attempt to agree to another provision (instead of the provision held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable) that is valid, legal and enforceable and carries out the Parties’ intentions to the greatest lawful extent under this Agreement.
13.8    Waiver. No waiver by a Party of any of the provisions of this Agreement shall be effective unless set forth in a written instrument executed and delivered by the Party so waiving. Except as provided in the preceding sentence, no course of dealing, no failure or delay on the part of any party hereto in exercising any right, power or remedy conferred by this Agreement and no action taken pursuant to this Agreement shall, in each case, be deemed to constitute a waiver by the Party taking such action of compliance with any representations, warranties or covenants set forth in this Agreement and in any documents delivered or to be delivered pursuant hereto. The waiver by a Party of a breach of any provision of this Agreement shall not operate or be construed as a waiver of any subsequent breach.
13.9    Notice. All notices, requests, demands and other communications under this Agreement shall be given in writing and shall be personally delivered, sent by electronic transmission (with confirmation of receipt, email being sufficient) or sent by a nationally recognized private overnight courier service as follows:
(a)    If to Buyer (and, after the Closing, Blocker or the Company), to:
Sensata Technologies, Inc.
529 Pleasant Street
Attleboro, Massachusetts 02703
Attention: Chief Legal Officer
Email: chieflegalofficer@sensata.com
(with a copy to, which shall not constitute notice)
Latham & Watkins LLP
200 Clarendon Street, 27th Floor
Boston, Massachusetts 02116
Attention: Johan (Hans) Brigham
Email: johan.brigham@lw.com
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(b)    If to any Company Securityholder (and, prior to the Closing, Blocker or the Company), to:
Hammond, Kennedy, Whitney & Company, Inc.
8888 Keystone Crossing, Suite 600
Indianapolis, IN 46240
Attention: Luke A. Phenicie
Email: lap@hkwinc.com
(with a copy to, which shall not constitute notice)
Taft Stettinius & Hollister LLP
One Indiana Square, Suite 3500
Indianapolis, IN 46204
Attention: Ralph A. Caruso II
Email: rcaruso@taftlaw.com
or to such other Person or address as a Party shall have specified by notice in writing to the other Party. If personally delivered or sent by overnight courier, then such communication shall be deemed delivered on the date of actual receipt. If sent by electronic transmission, then such communication shall be deemed delivered the date of the transmission or, if the transmission is not made before 6:00 p.m. at the place of receipt on a Business Day, the first (1st) Business Day after transmission.
13.10    Expenses. Except as otherwise provided in this Agreement, (a) all fees, costs and expenses of Buyer incurred in connection with this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby, including fees and expenses of financial advisors, financial sponsors, legal counsel and other advisors, shall be paid by Buyer whether or not the Closing is consummated, and (b) all fees, costs and expenses of the Company, the Seller Representative, Blocker and the Company Securityholders incurred in connection with this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby, including fees and expenses of financial advisors, financial sponsors, legal counsel and other advisors, shall be paid by the Company, the Blocker or the applicable Company Securityholder whether or not the Closing is consummated (but subject to the inclusion of any such amounts in the Seller Transaction Expenses); provided, that, notwithstanding the foregoing, (w) Buyer shall be responsible for fifty percent (50%) of any fees of the Escrow Agent, (x) Buyer shall pay any and all premiums and other costs of securing the R&W Insurance Policy, (y) Buyer shall be responsible for any fee related to compliance with the applicable requirements of the HSR Act, and (z) any fees of the CPA Firm shall be borne by the Parties as provided in Section 2.4.
13.11    Disclosure Schedule. Any fact or item disclosed in any Section of the Disclosure Schedule shall be deemed disclosed in each other Section of the Disclosure Schedule and in each representation and warranty set forth in this Agreement to which such fact or item may apply so long as (a) such other Section or representation and warranty is referenced by applicable cross-reference; or (b) it is readily apparent, on its face, that such disclosure is applicable to such other Section or representation and warranty. The Disclosure Schedule and Exhibits to this Agreement are qualified in their entirety by reference to specific provisions of this Agreement, and are not intended to constitute, and shall not be construed as, a separate representation or warranty or covenant of any Person. The information contained in the Disclosure Schedule is disclosed solely for purposes of this Agreement, and no information contained in the Disclosure Schedule will be deemed to be an admission by any Party of any matter whatsoever (including any violation of any Law or breach of Contract). The disclosure of any matter in the Disclosure Schedule does not imply that such matter has a greater significance, or is more material in
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value, than any matter that is undisclosed. References in the Disclosure Schedule to any Contract, Company Benefit Plan, Order, instrument, document or legal proceeding are qualified in their entirety by reference to more detailed information in documents attached thereto.
13.12    Conflicts; Certain Communications.
(a)    Conflicts and Privilege. Buyer, on behalf of itself and its Affiliates (which, for this purpose, shall be deemed to include the Company Entities and the Blocker), agrees that, notwithstanding any current or prior representation of the Company Securityholders and/or the Company Entities by Taft Stettinius & Hollister LLP (“Taft”), Taft shall be allowed to represent the Company Securityholders, the Seller Representative and each of their respective Affiliates in any matters and disputes adverse to Buyer, the Company Entities and/or their respective Affiliates that either are existing on the Closing Date or arise in the future and relate to this Agreement or the transactions contemplated hereby. Buyer, on behalf of itself and its Affiliates (which, for this purpose, shall be deemed to include the Company Entities and Blocker), hereby (i) waives any claim that Buyer, the Company Entities, Blocker or any of their respective Affiliates have or may have that Taft has a conflict of interest or is otherwise prohibited from engaging in such representation and (ii) agrees that, if a dispute arises after the Closing between Buyer, the Company Entities, Blocker or any of their respective Affiliates, on the one hand, and the Company Securityholders, the Seller Representative, or any of their respective Affiliates, on the other hand, then Taft may represent the Company Securityholders, the Seller Representative, and/or such Affiliate in such dispute even though the interests of the Company Securityholders, the Seller Representative, and/or such Affiliate may be directly adverse to Buyer, the Company Entities, Blocker and/or their respective Affiliates and even though Taft may have represented the Company Entities or Blocker in a matter substantially related to such dispute or may be handling ongoing matters for Buyer, the Company Entities, Blocker and/or their respective Affiliates. Buyer, on behalf of itself and its Affiliates (which, for this purpose, shall be deemed to include the Company Entities and Blocker), agrees that, as to all communications between or among Taft and the Company Securityholders, the Company Entities and Blocker (prior to the Closing) and/or any of their respective Affiliates that relate in any way to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, the attorney-client privilege and the expectation of client confidence belongs solely to the Company Securityholders, shall be controlled solely by the Company Securityholders and shall not pass to or be claimed by Buyer or the Company Entities or Blocker. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if a dispute arises between Buyer or the Company Entities or Blocker and a third party (other than the Company Securityholders, the Seller Representative or their respective Affiliates) after the Closing, then the Company Entities and Blocker, to the extent applicable, may assert the attorney-client privilege to prevent disclosure to such third party of confidential communications by Taft; provided, however, that the Company Entities and Blocker may not waive such privilege without the prior written consent of the Seller Representative.
(b)    Certain Communications. Buyer, on behalf of itself and its Affiliates (which, for this purpose, shall be deemed to include the Company Entities and Blocker), agrees that all communications involving any Company Securityholder, the Company Entities and Blocker (prior to the Closing) or any agent or representative of any of the foregoing with, and work product of, Taft, as such communications and work product relate to this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby, together with all written or other materials consisting of, containing, summarizing or embodying such communications and work product (collectively, “Taft Protected Information”), are the sole and exclusive property of the Company Securityholders and, upon request of the Seller Representative, shall be returned to the Company Securityholders at Buyer’s expense. After the Closing, none of Buyer, the Company Entities, Blocker or any of their respective Affiliates shall disclose any Taft Protected Information to any Person or use any Taft Protected Information for any purpose, including in connection with any claims
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under Section 2.4 or Article 9. Buyer, Blocker and the Company shall not, and shall not permit any of their Affiliates to, (i) access or use any Taft Protected Information in any way, including by way of review of any electronic data, communications or other information, or by seeking to have Seller Representative waive the attorney-client or other privilege, or by otherwise asserting that Buyer, Blocker, the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has the right to waive the attorney-client or other privilege, or (ii) seek to obtain the Taft Protected Information from Taft. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Parties recognize that it would be impracticable to try to purge all Taft Protected Information from Blocker’s, the Company’s and its Subsidiaries’ files and computer systems prior to the Closing, and therefore the Parties agree that: (x) no waiver is intended by leaving such documents where then located, and (y) Buyer and its Affiliates (including, after the Closing, Blocker, the Company and its Subsidiaries) will not be permitted to review or access (and shall not review or access) any Taft Protected Information. In furtherance of the foregoing, it shall not be a breach of any provision of this Agreement if prior to the Closing, Blocker, the Company, its Subsidiaries, Seller Representative and/or any Seller, or any of their respective Representatives takes any action to protect from access or remove from the premises of Blocker, the Company or any of its Subsidiaries (or any offsite back-up or other facilities) any Taft Protected Information, including by segregating, encrypting, copying, deleting, erasing, exporting or otherwise taking possession of any Taft Protected Information (any such action, a “Permitted Removal”).
13.13    Non-Recourse. This Agreement may be enforced only against the named Parties. Subject to the foregoing proviso, following the Closing, neither any past, present or future Affiliate nor any past, present or future director, officer, employee, incorporator, member, general or limited partner, shareholder, agent, trustee, beneficiary, attorney or representative of either Buyer or any Seller or any of their respective Affiliates (including any Person negotiating or executing this Agreement on behalf of a Party hereto) shall have any liability or obligation (in such capacity) with respect to this Agreement or any Related Agreement or with respect any claim or cause of action that may arise out of or relate to this Agreement or any Related Agreement or the negotiation, execution or performance of this Agreement or any Related Agreement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, nothing in this Section 13.13 shall be deemed to limit any recoveries by any Party in respect of the Fraud of another Party to this Agreement.
13.14    Interpretive Provisions. For purposes of this Agreement, (a) the terms “including” and “include” shall be deemed to be followed by the terms “without limitation;” (b) the word “or” is not exclusive; (c) the terms “herein,” “hereof,” “hereby,” “hereto” or “hereunder” refer to this Agreement as a whole; and (d) references to “$” refer to United States Dollars. Except as otherwise expressly set forth in this Agreement, all references in Article 3 to any Law (including any Environmental Law or the Code) shall be deemed to refer to such Law as in effect as of the date of this Agreement. When calculating the period of time before which, within which or following which any act is required to be done pursuant to this Agreement, the date that is the reference date in calculating such period shall be excluded and, if the last day of such period is not a Business Day, the period in question shall end on the next succeeding Business Day. Where any group or category of items or matters is defined collectively in the plural number, any item or matter within such definition may be referred to using such defined term in the singular number, and vice versa. Unless the context otherwise requires, references in this Agreement (i) to Articles, Sections, Exhibits and Schedules mean the Articles and Sections of, and the Exhibits and Schedules attached to or accompanying, this Agreement; and (ii) to an agreement, instrument or other document means such agreement, instrument or other document as amended, supplemented and modified from time to time to the extent permitted by the provisions thereof. The Schedules and Exhibits referred to in this Agreement shall be construed with and as an integral part of this Agreement. Capitalized terms used but not otherwise defined in the Schedules and Exhibits referred to in this Agreement shall have the meanings set forth in this Agreement. Titles to Articles and headings of Sections are inserted for convenience of reference only and shall not be deemed a part of or to affect the meaning or interpretation
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of this Agreement. Notwithstanding the fact that this Agreement has been drafted or prepared by one of the Parties, each Party confirms that both it and its counsel have reviewed, negotiated and adopted this Agreement as the joint agreement and understanding of the Parties. The language used in this Agreement shall be deemed to be the language chosen by the Parties to express their mutual intent, and no rule of strict construction shall be applied against either Party. This Agreement may be executed by signatures exchanged via facsimile or other electronic means and in one or more counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original, but all of which together shall constitute one and the same instrument. Whenever this Agreement states that any document or information has been “made available,” or “provided” (or words of similar import), unless otherwise expressly provided herein, that means the document or information was available in the Virtual Data Room at least two (2) Business Days prior to the date of this Agreement or otherwise delivered to Buyer or any of its Affiliates at least two (2) Business Days prior to the date of this Agreement.
13.15    Definitions. For purposes of this Agreement, the term:
Acquired Companies” means the Company Entities and Blocker.
Action” means any charge, dispute, action, claim (including any cross-claim or counter-claim), complaint, demand, suit, litigation, arbitration, proceeding (including any civil, criminal, administrative, investigative or appellate or other legal proceeding), hearing, inquiry, audit, examination or investigation commenced, brought, conducted or heard by or before, or otherwise involving, any court or other Governmental Entity or any arbitrator or arbitration panel.
Adjusted Net Working Capital” shall mean an amount equal to the difference of Current Assets minus Current Liabilities.
Adjusted Net Working Capital Target” shall mean an amount equal to $9,822,000.
Adjustment Time” shall mean 12:01 a.m. Pacific time on the Closing Date.
Affiliate” means, with respect to any Person, any other Person directly or indirectly controlling, controlled by, or under common control with such other Person. For purposes of this definition, “control,” when used with respect to any Person, means the power to direct the management and policies of such Person, directly or indirectly, whether through the ownership of voting securities, by Contract or otherwise, and the terms “controlling” and “controlled” have correlative meanings. For the avoidance of doubt, the Company Entities shall be deemed (a) Affiliates of the Company Securityholders and Blocker solely with respect to periods prior to the Closing, and (b) Affiliates of Buyer solely with respect to periods after the Closing.
Aggregate Exercise Price” means the aggregate amount necessary to exercise in full all Company Options with respect to Company Option Units.
Allocated Percentage” shall mean, as to any Company Securityholder and as of any amount and any date of determination, the percentage for such Company Securityholder as of such date determined by the Seller Representative in accordance with the Allocation Methodology, which collectively shall sum 100%. For the avoidance of doubt, if the Allocated Percentage applies only to one Company Securityholder or a subset of Company Securityholders (e.g., the Blocker Sellers), the Allocated Percentage shall still equal 100%.
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Allocation Methodology” shall mean that certain allocation methodology described on Exhibit D.
Binder Agreement” means a binder for the R&W Insurance Policy.
Blocker Organizational Documents” shall mean the Organizational Documents of Blocker, including the Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws of Blocker.
Blocker Sellers” means each of the Persons identified on Schedule C.
Business” means the business of development, manufacturing, marketing and selling of telematics hardware devices, sensing applications and cloud solutions for light duty vehicle, heavy duty vehicle, and cargo and container markets, and the conduct of other activities incidental to the foregoing, as conducted by the Company Entities as of the date hereof.
Business Day” means any day other than Saturday, Sunday or other day on which commercial banks in the State of Delaware or the State of Massachusetts are authorized or required by Law to be closed.
Buyer Fundamental Representations” means the representations and warranties of the Buyer set forth in Section 6.1 (Due Organization and Power), Section 6.2 (Authority), Section 6.3(c)(i) (No Violation), Section 6.7 (Independent Investigation) and Section 6.10 (Brokers and Finders).
CARES Act” means, collectively, the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act or any similar applicable federal, state or local Law, as may be amended (including IRS Notice 2020-65, the Presidential Memorandum on Deferring Payroll Tax Obligations in Light of the Ongoing COVID-19 Disaster issued on August 8, 2020 and the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021).
Cash” means, with respect to any Person, the aggregate unrestricted cash balance of such Person, including all cash, commercial paper, certificates of deposit and other bank deposits, treasury bills, short term investments (with a maturity of less than three (3) months) and all other cash equivalents in its accounts, and third-party checks deposited or held in its accounts that have not yet cleared (in each case to the extent not included in Current Assets), less any outstanding checks on draft of the Company Entities that are issued or outstanding (in each case to the extent not included in Current Liabilities), and less any withholding Taxes that would be imposed on the distribution to the Company of any cash held by any Company Entity that is a non-U.S. entity or otherwise held in a non-U.S. account, in each case, determined in accordance with GAAP.
Closing Cash” shall mean the aggregate amount of Cash held by the Company Entities and Blocker, as of the Adjustment Time. For the avoidance of doubt, Closing Cash shall be reduced for any payments made between the Adjustment Time and Closing, which are not captured as a deduction to Purchase Price through either a liability in Closing Working Capital, or inclusion in Closing Indebtedness or Company Transaction Expenses. For purposes of calculating Closing Cash, any Closing Cash not denominated in US dollars shall be deemed converted into US dollars at the first exchange rate of the day published by PNC Bank, National Association two (2) Business Days prior to the Closing Date.
Closing Consideration Amount” means an amount, in cash, equal to the sum of (a) the Base Purchase Price, (b) plus the Closing Cash of the Company Entities, (c) plus the Closing Cash of Blocker, (d) plus the amount, if any, by which the Adjusted Net Working Capital exceeds the Adjusted Net Working Capital Target or minus the amount, if any, by which the Adjusted Net Working Capital is less
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than the Adjusted Net Working Capital Target, (e) minus the Indebtedness of the Acquired Companies (excluding the PPP Loan Amount if outstanding as of the Closing Date), (f) minus the Seller Transaction Expenses, (g) minus the Adjustment Escrow Amount, (h) minus the Indemnity Escrow Amount, (i) minus the PPP Loan Escrow Amount (in the event the PPP Loan remains outstanding as of the Closing Date), (j) minus the Retention Bonus Escrow Amount, and (k) minus the Representative Expense Fund Amount.
Code” means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.
Company Data” means all data collected, generated, or received in connection with the services rendered by the Company Entities and the marketing, delivery, or use of any Company product, including Confidential Data, Tracking Data and all credentials collected, held, or otherwise managed by or on behalf of the Company Entities.
Company Employee” means, as of any date, any person who on such date is (or within six (6) months prior to such date was) an employee of any of the Company Entities, including those employees on vacation, leave of absence or disability leave.
Company Entity” shall mean any of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.
Company Entity Organizational Documents” shall mean, collectively: (a) the Company Organizational Documents, and (b) the Organizational Documents of each Company Subsidiary.
Company Intellectual Property” means any and all Intellectual Property that is owned or used, by any of the Company Entities and necessary for the current conduct of the Business.
Company Option Holder” means any Persons who held outstanding Company Options as of immediately prior to Closing with respect to such Company Options.
Company Option Plan” means the XIRGO Technologies Holdings, LLC 2016 Incentive Option Plan.
Company Option Units” means, with respect to each Company Option, the aggregate number of Class A Units for which such Company Option is exercisable as of immediately prior to the Closing.
Company Options” means options to purchase Class A Units of the Company.
Company Organizational Documents” shall mean the Organizational Documents of the Company, including the Certificate of Formation and the Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement of the Company dated as of December 1, 2016 (as amended).
Company Securityholders” means, collectively, the Sellers and the Company Option Holders.
Company Technology” means all Technology owned or used by any of the Company Entities and necessary for the conduct of the Business.
Competitor” means any Person that now or hereafter engages in or attempts to engage in the Business in the manner that the Company Entities engage in the Business as of the date hereof.
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Confidential Data” means information, including Personal Information, in whatever form that the Company Entities are obligated, by Law or Contract, to protect from unauthorized access, use, disclosure, modification or destruction together with any data owned or licensed by the Company Entities that is not intentionally shared with the general public or that is classified by the Company Entities with a designation that precludes sharing with the general public.
Confidentiality Agreement” means that certain Non-Disclosure Agreement, dated as of December 4, 2019, between Sensata Technologies, Inc., and Xirgo Technologies Intermediate Holdings, LLC.
Contract” means any (written or oral) legally binding indenture, mortgage, deed of trust, lease, license, contract, agreement or other legally binding arrangement.
Current Assets” means the current assets of the Company Entities included in the asset categories set forth on Exhibit A, in each case, calculated in a manner consistent in all respects with Exhibit A. Current Assets shall in no event include (i) income Tax assets, (ii) Cash or (iii) any receivable balances arising from intercompany activity between or among the Acquired Companies.
Current Employees” means all employees of the Company Entities as of the Closing, including those on vacation, leave of absence or disability.
Current Liabilities” means, without duplication, the current liabilities of the Acquired Companies included in the liability categories set forth on Exhibit A, in each case, calculated in a manner consistent in all respects with Exhibit A, provided, however, that Current Liabilities shall exclude (i) income Tax liabilities, (ii) any Indebtedness of the Acquired Companies, and (iii) any payable balances arising from intercompany activity between or among the Acquired Companies.
Designated Pre-Closing Matters” means (i) the defense of the IP Litigation and any judgment, penalties, fees, royalties or other amounts awarded against a Company Entity, or settlements or other amounts agreed to be paid by a Company Entity, to the plaintiff(s) in the IP Litigation, (ii) the failure of any Company Entity, prior to the Closing, to charge, collect or remit sales and use taxes on sales to (A) Progressive Casualty Insurance Company and its Affiliates that were shipped to a location in the State of Pennsylvania, and (B) Amazon.com, Inc. and its Affiliates that were shipped to the States of California, Georgia, Illinois, Missouri, Ohio, Wisconsin and Virginia, (iii) the failure of any Company Entity, prior to the Closing, to file income Tax Returns in, or pay income Tax to, the States of Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Massachusetts, Michigan, Missouri, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Virginia and Wisconsin, (iv) any Taxes assessed against a Company Entity by reason of a failure of the Company Option Plan or any award thereunder (or payment in respect thereof) to comply with Section 409A of the Code (or similar state Law that could result in the imposition of penalties on employers) at any time on or prior to the Closing, including any Taxes for failure to report or withhold, (v) any Taxes or other liabilities assessed against a Company Entity by reason of or otherwise related to not treating a holder of Class B Units as a partner for Tax or other benefits or compensation purposes at, prior to, or in connection with the Closing (including with respect to participation in and treatment under any Company Benefit Plan), and (vi) any Losses arising out of the ownership by the Company or its Subsidiaries of real property in Lithuania (except to the extent such real property is transferred by the Company or its Subsidiaries to a non-affiliated Person prior to the Closing).
Environmental Law” means any and all federal, state or local laws, statutes, ordinances, rules, orders, permits, standards or requirements (including consent decrees, judicial decisions, judgments, injunctions and administrative orders issued or approved thereunder), together with all related
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amendments and implementing regulations, and all common law, relating to or imposing liability or standards of conduct (including disclosure or notification) concerning the protection of human health or the environment, industrial hygiene or unsafe conditions including, but not limited to, those relating to the generation, manufacture, storage, handling, transportation, disposal, release, emission or discharge of, or exposure to, Hazardous Substances, those in connection with the construction, fuel supply, power generation and transmission, waste disposal or any other operations or processes relating to real properties, and those relating to the atmosphere, soil, surface and ground water, wetlands, stream sediments and vegetation on, under, in or about real properties. Environmental Laws also shall include, but not be limited to, the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act, the Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act of 1986, the Hazardous Materials Transportation Act, the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, the Solid Waste Disposal Act, the Clean Water Act, the Clean Air Act, the Toxic Substance Control Act, the Safe Drinking Water Act, the Occupational Safety and Health Act, and all regulations adopted in respect to the foregoing laws, and equivalent state statutes and regulations adopted in respect thereto, all as previously and in the future to be amended.
Environmental Notice” means any written directive, notice of violation or infraction, or written notice relating to actual or alleged noncompliance with, or actual or alleged liability arising under any Environmental Law.
Equity Securities” means with respect to any Person, all (a) units, capital stock, partnership interests or other equity interests (including classes, groups or series thereof having such relative rights, powers or obligations as may from time to time be established by the issuer thereof or the governing body of its Affiliate, as the case may be, including rights, powers or duties different from, senior to or more favorable than existing classes, groups and series of units, stock and other equity interests and including any so-called “profits interests”) or securities or agreements providing for profit participation features, equity appreciation rights, phantom equity or similar rights to participate in profits, (b) warrants, options or other rights to purchase or otherwise acquire, or contracts or commitments that could require the issuance of, securities described in the foregoing clause of this definition and (c) obligations, evidences of indebtedness or other securities or interests convertible or exchangeable into securities described in the foregoing clauses of this definition.
ERISA” means the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended.
ERISA Affiliate” means, with respect to any Person, any trade or business with which such Person is treated as a single employer under Section 414 of the Code.
Environmental Claim” means any Action by any Person alleging liability arising out of, based on or resulting from: (i) the presence, release of, or exposure to, any Hazardous Substances, or (ii) any actual or alleged non-compliance with any Environmental Law.
Escrow Agent” means PNC Bank, National Association and any successor escrow agent appointed pursuant to the Escrow Agreement.
Export Control Laws” means (i) all applicable trade, export control, import, and antiboycott laws imposed, administered, or enforced by the U.S. government, including the Arms Export Control Act (22 U.S.C. § 1778), the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. §§ 1701–1706), the Export Control Reform Act of 2018 (Pub. L. 115-232), Section 999 of the Internal Revenue Code, Title 19 of the U.S. Code, the International Traffic in Arms Regulations (22 C.F.R. Parts 120-130), the Export Administration Regulations (15 C.F.R. Parts 730-774), the U.S. customs regulations at 19 C.F.R. Chapter
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1, and the Foreign Trade Regulations (15 C.F.R. Part 30), and (ii) all applicable trade, export control, import, and antiboycott laws imposed, administered or enforced by any other country, except to the extent inconsistent with the laws of the United States.
Fraud” means, with respect to any Person, actual and intentional common law fraud committed by such Person prior to or at the Closing in connection with this Agreement or the transactions contemplated hereby with the intention that one or more of the other Parties hereto rely thereon to its detriment.
Fundamental Representations” means the representations and warranties of:
(a)    the Company set forth in Section 3.1 (Organization, Power and Authority), Section 3.2(iii)(A) (No Violation), Section 3.3(a), (b), (c), (d) and (e) (with respect to the first sentence only) (Capitalization), Section 3.20 (Brokers and Finders), and Section 3.22 (Related Party Agreements),
(b)    each Seller set forth in Section 4.1 (Right to Sell Acquired Securities, Binding Effect; Organization and Power), Section 4.2 (Title to Interests; Liens, etc.), Section 4.3(c)(i) (No Violation), and Section 4.6 (Brokers and Finders),
(c)    each Company Option Holder set forth in Section 6(a) (Right to Sell Acquired Securities; Binding Effect; Organization and Power), Section 6(b) (Title to Option, etc.), and Section 6(e) (Brokers and Finders) of such Company Option Holder’s Option Cancellation and Joinder Agreement, and
(d)    Blocker set forth in Section 5.1 (Organization and Power) Section 5.2 (Authority), Section 5.3(c)(i) (No Violation), Section 5.4 (No Operations; Title; Capitalization); Section 5.8 (Brokers and Finders); and Section 5.10 (Taxes).
GAAP” means generally accepted accounting principles in the United States in effect at the time in question.
Governmental Entity” means any government, court, arbitrator, department, commission, board, bureau, agency, authority, instrumentality or other body exercising judicial, quasi-judicial, legislative, executive or other government powers, whether federal, state, local, foreign or otherwise (including national antitrust authorities that have jurisdiction to review the transactions contemplated by this Agreement).
Hazardous Substance” means any material, substance, product, pollutant or waste that is listed, regulated, classified or otherwise defined by any Governmental Entity as a “contaminant,” “pollutant,” “hazardous waste,” “toxic material,” “toxic substance,” “toxic waste,” “radioactive material,” “radioactive waste,” “hazardous material,” “hazardous substance,” “extremely hazardous waste” or “restricted hazardous waste” (or words of similar intent or meaning or regulatory effect), including but not limited to petroleum, petroleum by-products, asbestos or asbestos-containing material, polychlorinated biphenyls, corrosive, reactive, flammable or explosive substances, or pesticides.
Indebtedness” means, without duplication and with respect to any Company Entity or Blocker, all (a) obligations for borrowed money, (b) amounts owing as deferred purchase price for property or services, including all Seller notes and “earn-out” payments, whether or not matured and trade payables more than ninety (90) days past due, (c) all obligations evidenced by notes, bonds, debentures,
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mortgage or other instruments, (d) indebtedness secured by a Lien on assets or properties of such Person, (e) all obligations under any debt security, interest rate, currency or other hedging or swap, derivative obligation or other similar arrangement, (f) all reimbursement obligations under letters of credit (only to the extent drawn) or other facilities pursuant to which a Person assures a creditor against loss, (g) liabilities under leases that are required to be recorded as capital or finance leases in accordance with GAAP, (h) (calculated as if paid on the Closing Date) compensation and benefits owed to Service Providers, consisting of (i) outstanding and unpaid severance obligations owed to former employees in connection with the termination of such former employees by the Company Entities prior to the Closing, (ii) any annual cash performance bonuses in respect of any performance period commencing prior to the Closing Date, whether or not accrued, (iii) any accrued but unused vacation and other paid time off accruals, and (iv) any unpaid 401(k) plan accruals, (i) any costs incurred (or reasonably expected to be incurred based on notification from FedEx) but not yet paid in relation to the extended warranty program offered to FedEx in 2016, (j) payroll, social security, unemployment and similar Taxes payable by any Company Entity or the Blocker in respect of any payments or benefits described in subsections (h), without regard for any ability to defer Taxes under the CARES Act (including without limitation any such Taxes previously deferred under the CARES Act), (k) unpaid income Taxes relating to Pre-Closing Tax Periods (whether or not due and payable at the Closing), (l) payroll, social security or similar Taxes payable by any Company Entity that were deferred pursuant to the CARES Act, (m) all guarantees, including guarantees of any items set forth in this definition of Indebtedness, (n) dividends or distributions which have been declared but not yet paid, (o) any funds received under any program related to the COVID-19 virus, including the Paycheck Protection Program or the Main Street Loan Program under the CARES Act, (p) any unpaid management, monitoring, advisory or similar fees owed to Affiliates of any of the Company Entity or Blocker, and (q) all outstanding prepayment premiums, breakage costs, accrued interest, penalties, indemnities, fees and expenses related to any of the items set forth in clauses (a) through (p). For the avoidance of doubt, the term “Indebtedness” shall exclude, and be without duplication to, items specifically accounted on a dollar-for-dollar basis for in the calculation of Adjusted Net Working Capital.
Indemnification Pro Rata Percentage” means, as of any amount and any date of determination,
a.with respect to the indemnification obligations of the Company Securityholders under Section 9.1, or as otherwise specified in the Agreement, with respect to each Company Securityholder, the percentage of the Final Purchase Price allocated to such Company Securityholder in relation to the aggregate amount of the Final Purchase Price allocated to all Company Securityholders who are either Sellers or who have executed a delivered an Option Cancellation and Joinder Agreement prior to the date on which such Indemnification Pro Rata Percentage is determined, which shall collectively sum to one hundred percent (100%),
b.with respect to the indemnification obligations of the Blocker Sellers under Section 9.3, the percentage of the Final Purchase Price allocated to a Blocker Seller in relation to the aggregate amount of the Final Purchase Price allocated to all Blocker Sellers pursuant to the terms of this Agreement, which shall collectively sum to one hundred percent (100%), and
c.with respect to the indemnification obligations of an individual Seller under Section 9.2, one hundred percent (100%).
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Information Privacy Laws” means any Laws pertaining to privacy, data protection or data transfer, including all privacy and security breach disclosure Laws, implementing Laws, ordinances, regulations, rules, codes, Orders, constitutions, treaties, judgments, ruling, and decrees, in each case, of any Governmental Entity, including, as applicable, the General Data Protection Regulation (2016/679), the e-Privacy Directive (2002/58/EC) and the e-Privacy Regulation (2017/003) and any law, statute, declaration, decree, directive, legislative enactment, order, ordinance, regulation, rule or other binding instrument of any EEA member country where the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has a presence that implements any one of them (in each case as amended, consolidated, re-enacted or replaced from time to time), the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), as amended, and the Children’s Online Privacy Protection Act (COPPA) of 1998, as amended, the Telephone Consumer Protection Act of 1991, as amended, the Do-Not-Call Implementation Act of 2003, as amended, the CAN-SPAM Act of 2003, as amended, Section 5 of the Federal Trade Commission Act of 1914, as amended (as the same has been interpreted to apply to privacy, data protection, breach disclosure or data transfer issues), and Lithuania’s Law on Legal Protection of Personal Data.
Institutional Investors” means, collectively, CapitalSouth Partners Fund II Limited Partnership, CapitalSouth Partners SBIC Fund III, L.P., Capitala Private Credit Fund V, L.P. and RGA Reinsurance Company, and each is an “Institutional Investor”.
IP Litigation” means the litigation described on Section 3.7(a) of the Disclosure Schedule, to the extent pending on the date of this Agreement.
Intellectual Property” means all United States, foreign, multi-national and other intellectual property, intellectual property rights, and proprietary rights of any kind, including all: (i) Patents, (ii) Trademarks, (iii) copyrights, mask works, works of authorship and moral rights and any registrations, applications, renewals, extensions and reversions of any of the foregoing and moral rights, (iv) Trade Secrets, (v) Software and Source Code, (vi) internet domain names, uniform resource locators, social media accounts and handles, IP addresses and websites and the images, videos and data contained therein, (vii) copies and tangible embodiments of the foregoing (in whatever form or medium), (viii) rights in and to Technology, (ix) Software, and (x) rights to past, present or future claims or causes of action arising out of or related to any infringement, dilution, misappropriation, improper disclosure or other violation of any of the foregoing, and all proceeds arising in connection therewith.
Inventory” means the inventories of raw materials, work in process and finished goods of the Company Entities.
IRS” means the United States Internal Revenue Service.
IT Systems” means all computer systems, Software, servers, network equipment and other computer hardware owned, leased or licensed by the Company Entities.
K-1 Option Holder Self-Employment Taxes” means an amount equal to what would be (if such individual was an employee of a Company Entity) the employer portion of all payroll, social security, unemployment and similar Taxes payable with respect to any amounts payable pursuant to this Agreement or the Allocation Methodology in respect of any Company Options held by a Company Option Holder whose compensation in respect of such Company Options is reported as “guaranteed payments for services” on IRS Schedule K-1 (Form 1065). For the avoidance of doubt, any such payments shall also be reported as “guaranteed payments for services” on IRS Schedule K-1 (Form 1065) and may result in additional K-1 Option Holder Self-Employment Taxes.
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Knowledge” whether capitalized or not capitalized, (a) of the Company, with respect to any fact or matter in question, shall mean the actual knowledge of Shawn Aleman, Joel Young, Mike Lavery, Mark Grout, Ken Boschwitz, Enrico Carlini or Giedrius Žibikas and shall include the knowledge that such person has or would have after due inquiry of their direct reports; (b) of Blocker, with respect to any fact or matter in question, shall mean the actual knowledge of Shawn Aleman or Mark Grout and shall include the knowledge that such person has or would have after due inquiry of their direct reports; and (c) of any Seller, with respect to any fact or matter in question, shall mean all facts that are actually known by such party after due inquiry; provided, that the knowledge of a particular Seller, in its, his or her capacity as such, shall not be imputed to another Seller, in its, his or her capacity as such.
Law” means any federal, state, local, foreign or other law, including common law, statute, ordinance, rule, regulation, Order and other pronouncements having the effect of law of any Governmental Entity.
Lien” means any mortgage, deed of trust, lien, pledge, security interest, charge, claim, hypothecation, option, right of first refusal, right-of-way, easement, encroachment, servitude, condition, equitable interest, proxy, voting trust or agreement, or encumbrance of any kind, including, without limitation, any agreement to give any of the foregoing in the future, and any contingent sale or other title retention agreement or lease in the nature thereof.
Loss” means (a) all debts, liabilities and obligations owed to any other Person; (b) all damages, causes of action, losses, judgments, awards, Taxes, penalties and settlements; and (c) all reasonable costs and expenses (including interest; court costs; and reasonable fees and expenses of attorneys and expert witnesses) of investigating, defending or asserting any demands, claims, suits, actions, causes of action, proceedings and assessments.
Material Adverse Effect” means any fact, event, condition, change, occurrence or effect (either individually or in the aggregate with other facts, events, conditions, changes, occurrences or effects), which has had or would reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect (a) upon the Business of the Company Entities or (b) the ability of the Company, the Blocker or the Sellers to consummate the transactions contemplated hereby; provided, however, that none of the following facts, events, conditions, changes, occurrences or effects (or results thereof) shall be taken into account, either alone or in combination with other facts, events, conditions, changes, occurrences or effects, in determining whether a Material Adverse Effect has occurred: (i) conditions generally affecting any nation’s economy or credit, securities, currency, financial, banking or capital markets (including any general disruption thereof and any decline in the price or value of any security, currency or any market index), (ii) any national or international political or social events or conditions, including the engagement by any nation or political, religious or ideological group in hostilities, whether or not pursuant to the declaration of a national emergency or war, the occurrence of any military or terrorist attack upon any nation or any territories, possessions, or diplomatic or consular offices thereof or upon any military installation, equipment or personnel of any nation, and including any escalation thereof, (iii) changes resulting from any natural or man-made disaster or acts of God, (iv) epidemics or pandemics, including the COVID-19 pandemic, (v) changes resulting solely from any failure by any Company Entity to meet any internal or published financial projections, forecasts, revenue or earnings predictions, performance measures or operating statistics (but without limiting any underlying causes of such failure to meet such projections, forecasts, revenue or earnings predictions, performance measures or operating statistics from being considered in determining whether a Material Adverse Effect has occurred), (vi) changes in GAAP or other applicable financial or accounting rules, guidance or standards after the date hereof, (vii)  changes in any statutes, Laws, treaties, rules, regulations, Orders or other binding directives enacted or issued by any Governmental Entity, (viii) any change that is generally applicable to the industries or
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markets in which the Company Entities or its Competitors, customers or suppliers operate; and provided, further, that any fact, event, condition, change, occurrence or effect referred to in clauses (i) through (viii) above shall be taken into account in determining whether a “Material Adverse Effect” has occurred or could reasonably be expected to occur to the extent that such fact, event, condition, change, occurrence or effect has a material and disproportionate adverse effect on the Company Entities compared to other similarly situated participants in the industries or markets in which the Company Entities operate.
Order” means any order, writ, injunction, judgment, plan or decree of any Governmental Entity.
Organizational Documents” means the legal document(s) by which any Person (other than an individual) establishes its legal existence or which govern its internal affairs, together with all amendments thereto and restatements thereof (including equityholders’ or investors’ rights agreement). For example, the “Organizational Documents” of a corporation include its certificate of incorporation and by-laws, the “Organizational Documents” of a limited partnership include its certificate of limited partnership and limited partnership agreement and the “Organizational Documents” of a limited liability company include its certificate of formation and its operating agreement.
Owlcam Earn-Out” means the payment obligations set forth in Section 2 of that certain Article 9 Purchase Agreement, dated as of February 7, 2020, by and among Xirgo Technologies, LLC, Venture Lending & Leasing VIII, Inc. and Venture Lending & Leasing IX, Inc.
Owned Intellectual Property” means any Company Intellectual Property that is owned or purported to be owned by any of the Company Entities.
Owned Technology” means any Company Technology that is owned or purported to be owned by any of the Company Entities.
Party” or “Parties” means any one or more of Buyer, the Company, the Blocker, any Seller, or any Company Option Holder who has executed and delivered an Option Cancellation and Joinder Agreement, as the case may be.
Patent” means (a) patents and patent applications (including any provisional applications), and all continuations, continuations-in-part, divisionals, patents issued therefrom, re-examinations, reissues, revisions, and extensions thereof, and (b) utility models, industrial designs and other statutory invention registrations, and applications for any of the foregoing.
Paying Agent” means PNC Bank, National Association.
Permits” means all waivers, clearances, licenses, permits, certifications, declarations, registrations, orders, accreditations, authorizations, certificates of occupancy or regulatory plans, compliance standards and approvals issued by any Governmental Entity.
Permitted Equity Liens” means Liens arising pursuant to (a) the Organizational Documents of the Acquired Companies or (b) applicable securities Laws, in each case of clauses (a) and (b), other than as a result of any violation, breach or noncompliance or default in respect thereof.
Permitted Liens” means (i) statutory Liens for current Taxes not yet due and payable and Liens for Taxes being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings and for which adequate accruals or reserves have been established in accordance with GAAP and reflected on the Financial Statements; (ii) Liens as reflected in title, as would be reflected in a title commitment, or search of other public
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records or disclosed by an accurate survey relating to Real Property owned or leased by the Acquired Companies that do not or would not reasonably be expected to materially impair the use or occupancy of such assets in the operation of the business of the Company Entities and its Subsidiaries; (iii) Liens securing Indebtedness of any Acquired Company that will be released at the Closing in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement without liability after the Closing to the Acquired Companies or Buyer or any of its Affiliates; (iv) Liens arising from or created by municipal and zoning ordinances that do not adversely impact in any material respect the value or current use, occupancy or operation of the Real Property by the Acquired Companies and are not violated by the current use, occupancy or activity conducted thereon by the Acquired Companies, as applicable; (v) Liens arising out of work performed, services provided or materials delivered that arise in the ordinary course of business for amounts which are not delinquent, or the amount or validity of which is being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings by the Acquired Companies for which adequate reserves are being maintained and reflected on the Financial Statements to the extent required by GAAP; (vi) title of each landlord under each Real Property lease set forth on Section 3.10(c) of the Disclosure Schedule, and Liens affecting such title; (vii) leasehold and occupancy rights and restrictions of tenants under the terms of any Real Property lease set forth on Section 3.10(c) of the Disclosure Schedule; and (viii) Liens created or incurred by Buyer.
Person” means an individual and a corporation, partnership, limited liability company, association, trust and other entity or organization, including a Governmental Entity.
Personal Information” means any data or information relating to an identified or identifiable natural person; an “identifiable natural person” is one who can be identified, directly or indirectly, in particular by reference to an identification number or to one or more factors specific to such Person’s physical, physiological, mental, economic, cultural or social identity, including unique device or browser identifiers, names, ages, addresses, telephone numbers, email addresses, social security numbers, passport numbers, alien registration numbers, medical history, employment history, and/or account information; and shall also mean “personal information”, “personal data”, “protected health information” and “personal financial information” each as defined by applicable Laws relating to the collection, use, sharing, storage, and/or disclosure of information about an identifiable individual.
PPP Lender” means PNC Bank, National Association.
PPP Loan” means the loan in the amount of $1,481,100 made by the PPP Lender to XIRGO Technologies, LLC under the Paycheck Protection Program administered by the US Small Business Administration and authorized under the CARES Act, as evidenced by that certain promissory note dated April 15, 2020 executed by XIRGO Technologies, LLC in favor of the PPP Lender.
PPP Loan Amount” means the aggregate amount of Indebtedness with respect to the PPP Loan.
PPP Loan Escrow Agent” means PNC Bank, National Association.

PPP Loan Escrow Amount” means the amount required by the PPP Loan Escrow Agent to be placed into escrow pursuant to the PPP Loan Escrow Agreement for purposes of satisfying the obligations existing under the PPP Loan, plus (without duplication) any interest and fees expected to be accrued in the event that the PPP Loan remains outstanding for a period of twelve (12) months following the Closing Date.

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PPP Loan Escrow Agreement” means an Escrow Agreement, dated as of the Closing between XIRGO Technologies, LLC and the PPP Loan Escrow Agent, pursuant to which the PPP Loan Escrow Agent is to hold and disburse the PPP Loan Escrow Amount.
Pre-Closing Blocker Taxes” means, without duplication, all Taxes of or imposed on Blocker for the Pre-Closing Tax Period; provided that Pre-Closing Blocker Taxes shall not include any (i) Taxes to the extent taken into account in calculating the Final Indebtedness Amount, the Final Seller Transaction Expense Amount or the Final Adjusted Net Working Capital Amount, (ii) Taxes arising from a transaction on the Closing Date after the Closing involving Blocker or any one or more of the Company Entities outside the ordinary course of business and not contemplated by this Agreement or any Related Agreement which transaction is effected by Buyer or at the direction of Buyer, or (iii) Taxes arising from or related to an election under Section 338(g) of the Code with respect to the purchase of Blocker hereunder. For purposes of determining Pre-Closing Blocker Taxes with respect to any Straddle Period of the Company Entities, Blocker’s share of the Company Entities’ items of income, gain, loss and deduction and any other relevant tax items for the Straddle Period shall be determined based on a closing of the books as of the Closing Date.
Pre-Closing Company Entity Taxes” means, without duplication, (i) all Taxes of or imposed on any Company Entity with respect to any Pre-Closing Tax Period, and (ii) all Taxes of any member of an affiliated, consolidated, combined, unitary or similar group of which any Company Entity is or was a member prior to the Closing, including pursuant to Treasury Regulation Section 1.1502-6 or any analogous or similar state, local or foreign law or regulation, imposed on a Company Entity; provided that Pre-Closing Company Entity Taxes shall not include any Taxes to the extent taken into account in calculating the Final Indebtedness Amount, the Final Seller Transaction Expense Amount or the Final Adjusted Net Working Capital Amount. For purposes of determining Pre-Closing Company Entity Taxes, the portion of any Tax that relates to the portion of any Straddle Period ending on the Closing Date shall (i) in the case of real property, personal property and similar ad valorem Taxes be deemed to be the amount of such Tax for the entire Straddle Period of a Company Entity multiplied by a fraction (A) the numerator of which is the number of days in the Straddle Period ending on the Closing Date and (B) the denominator of which is the number of days in the entire Straddle Period, and (ii) in the case of any other Tax, be deemed equal to the amount which would be payable if the relevant Straddle Period ended on the Closing Date.
Pre-Closing Tax Period” means, without duplication, (a) any Tax period ending on or before the Closing Date; or (b) the portion of any Straddle Period beginning on the first day of such Straddle Period and ending on the Closing Date (which Tax period or portion thereof shall include, for this purpose, the Closing Date).
Process” or “Processing” means, with respect to Company Data, the use, collection, processing, storage, recording, organization, adaption, alteration, transfer, retrieval, disclosure, dissemination or combination of such Company Data.
Proprietary Information” means any confidential or proprietary information of or concerning any of the Acquired Companies that is not generally known in or available to the trade or industry of which the Business is a part and about which a Seller has knowledge solely as a result of his or its beneficial ownership of Company Entities prior to the Closing; provided, however, that Proprietary Information shall not include any idea, information or discovery that is generally available to and known by the public through no fault of the Company Securityholders or any of their Affiliates or Representatives.
89


Representative” means, with respect to a particular Person, any officer, director, manager, employee, agent, consultant, advisor or other representative of such Person, including legal counsel, accountants, investment bankers and financial advisors.
Resigning Persons” means those individuals set forth on Schedule D.
Restricted Seller” means Joel Young, Mark Grout, Mike Lavery, Ken Boschwitz, Terry Mallberg, Shawn Aleman and Brian Rhodes.
R&W Insurance Policy” means the Buyer-side representation and warranty insurance policy to be issued by the R&W Insurer to Buyer in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, in substantially the form attached hereto as Exhibit E, with such additional changes thereto as shall have been approved by the Seller Representative, such approval not to be unreasonably withheld, delayed, conditioned or denied.
“R&W Insurance Policy Limit” means the “Limit of Liability” as defined in the R&W Insurance Policy.
R&W Insurer” means the insurer or other insurance provider that issues the R&W Insurance Policy.
Sanctioned Person” means any Person that is the target of Sanctions Laws, including (i) any Person listed on the U.S. Department of Treasury Office of Foreign Assets Control (“OFAC”) sanctions lists (including but not limited to the OFAC List of Specially Designated Nationals and Blocked Persons) or any other list of designated or blocked Persons maintained by a U.S. or non-U.S. Governmental Entity under Sanctions Laws; (ii) any Person organized under the laws of, part of the government of, or resident in a country or territory subject to comprehensive sanctions (currently Iran, Syria, Cuba, North Korea, and the Crimea region of Ukraine) or part of the Government of Venezuela; and (iii) any Person 50% or more owned or, where relevant under applicable Sanctions Laws, controlled by any such Person or Persons or acting for or on behalf of such Person or Persons, or that is otherwise the target of asset-blocking sanctions maintained by OFAC or other U.S. or non-U.S. Governmental Entity.
Sanctions Laws” means applicable economic or financial sanctions or trade embargoes imposed, administered, or enforced by relevant Governmental Entity (to the extent consistent with U.S. law), including those administered by the U.S. government through OFAC or the U.S. Department of State; the European Union and its Member States; and Her Majesty’s Treasury of the United Kingdom.
Seller Transaction Expenses” means (a) all transaction bonuses, change in control bonuses, retention bonuses, “stay” bonuses, success bonuses, severance payments, and other similar payment obligations arising, in whole or in part, as a result of the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, including, for the avoidance of doubt, any bonus payments or other benefits that become payable at the Closing pursuant to individual retention agreements as a result of the Closing occurring and any such payments or benefits payable pursuant to a “double trigger” arrangement to the extent such termination decision is communicated in writing to employee or individual consultant at or prior to the Closing, including the employer portion of any payroll, social security, unemployment and similar Taxes payable with respect to such amounts, without regard for any ability to defer Taxes under the CARES Act; (b) the employer portion of all payroll, social security, unemployment and similar Taxes (including, for these purposes, the K-1 Option Holder Self-Employment Taxes) payable with respect to any amounts payable in respect of any Company Options pursuant to this Agreement or the Allocation Methodology (calculated as if all escrows and holdbacks are released in full on the Closing Date) without
90


regard for any ability to defer Taxes under the CARES Act; (c) one-half of all fees and costs payable to the Escrow Agent pursuant to the Escrow Agreement; (d) the premiums for all of the D&O Tail Policies; (e) all broker, legal, financial, advisory, investment banking, accounting or other professional advisory fees and expenses incurred by the Company Entities or Blocker on their own behalf or on behalf of some or all of the Company Securityholders in connection with the negotiation, preparation and execution of this Agreement and the other documents to be delivered hereunder and the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement; and (f) all other fees, disbursements, reimbursements, commissions, expenses or costs, in each case payable or incurred by the Company Entities, Blocker or the Company Securityholders in connection with the negotiation, preparation, and delivery of this Agreement and the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, but only to the extent any of the items set forth in clauses (a) through (f) above have not been paid prior to the Closing Date. For purposes of this Agreement and solely to avoid any double counting or duplication, any amounts to the extent actually taken into account in (i) the calculation of Indebtedness of the Acquired Companies and amounts payable to Company Option Holders in respect of the Company Options will not be included in the calculation of Seller Transaction Expenses, and (ii) the calculation of Seller Transaction Expenses will not be included in the calculation of Indebtedness of the Acquired Companies.
Service Provider” means any director, manager, officer, individual independent contractor, employee, or other individual service provider of any of the Company Entities or Blocker, specifically including, but not limited to, Current Employees and former employees of the Company Entities.
Software” means any and all (a) computer programs and other software, including any and all software implementations of algorithms, models and methodologies, whether in Source Code, object code or other form, including libraries, subroutines and other components thereof; (b) computerized databases and other computerized compilations, and collections of data or information, including all data and information included in such databases, compilations or collections; (c) descriptions, flowcharts, architectures, development tools, and other materials used to design, plan, organize and develop any of the foregoing; (d) screens, user interfaces, command structures, report formats, firmware, development tools, templates, menus, buttons and icons; and (e) documentation including development, diagnostic, support, user manuals and other training documentation related to any of the foregoing.
Source Code” means computer code which may be printed out or displayed in human readable form and which is compiled to create machine readable code or object code.
Straddle Period” means any Tax period that includes but does not end on the Closing Date.
Subsidiary” means, with respect to any Person, any entity in which such Person (or one or more of such Person’s Subsidiaries) owns or controls, directly or indirectly, a sufficient amount of the outstanding voting securities to elect at least a majority of such entity’s board of directors or other governing body (or, if there are no such voting securities, more than fifty percent (50%) of the Equity Securities of such entity).
Tax Return” means any return, report, estimate, claim for refund, or information return or statement relating to, or filed or required to be filed in connection with, any Taxes, including any schedule, form, attachment or amendment.
Taxes” means (i) all federal, state, local, foreign or other taxes of any kind (together with any and all interest, penalties, additions to tax and additional amounts imposed with respect thereto) imposed by any Governmental Entity, including taxes or other charges on or with respect to income, franchises, windfall or other profits, gross receipts, estimated, license, environmental, customs duties,
91


disability, property, escheat, unclaimed property, sales, use, transfer, capital stock, payroll, employment, social security, workers’ compensation, unemployment compensation or net worth and taxes or other charges in the nature of excise, withholding, ad valorem or value added taxes and (ii) any liability for amounts described in (i) as a transferee or successor, under Treasury Regulations 1.1502-6 or any similar provision of Law, or otherwise under applicable Law.
Technology” means all Software, computer content, websites, technical data, subroutines, computer tools, and other similar materials, and all recordings, graphs, drawings, reports, analyses, documentation, user manuals and other writings, and other tangible embodiments of the foregoing, in any form whether or not specifically listed herein.
Tracking Data” means (a) any information or data collected in relation to online, mobile or other electronic activities or communications that can reasonably be associated with a particular Person, user, computer, mobile or other device, or instance of any application or mobile application, (b) any information or data collected in relation to off-line activities or communications that can reasonably be associated with or that derives from a particular Person, user, computer, mobile or other device or instance of any application or mobile application, or (c) any device identification, or device activity data or data collected from a networked physical object.
Trade Secrets” means all trade secrets as defined under the Uniform Trade Secret Act as well as all confidential, proprietary business information (including ideas, research and development, know-how, formulas, compositions, manufacturing and production processes and techniques, technical data, designs, drawings, specifications, research records, studies, reports, records of inventions, test information, customer and supplier lists, pricing and cost information, financial information and business and marketing plans and proposals), in each case, whether or not reduced to written form.
Trademark means (a) trademarks, service marks, certification marks, logos, trade dress, trade names, brand names, corporate names, domain names, and other indicia of commercial source of origin (whether registered, common law, statutory or otherwise), together with all translations, localizations, adaptations, derivations and combinations thereof, (b) all registrations and applications to register the foregoing (including any intent-to-use trademark applications), and (c) all goodwill connected with the use thereof or symbolized thereby.
Virtual Data Room” means the Datasite Project Xirgo virtual data room maintained by Harris Williams LLC and the Sellers for the purposes of Buyer’s due diligence in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.
Xirgo Retention Bonus Plan” means the Xirgo Technologies, LLC 2021 Retention Bonus Plan in the form attached hereto as Exhibit F.
Additional Defined Terms
Agreement Reference
Acquired Securities Recitals
Adjustment Escrow Account
Section 2.3(c)
Adjustment Escrow Amount
Section 2.3(c)
Affordable Care Act
Section 3.15(c)
Agreement Preamble
Audited Financial Statements
Section 3.3(f)
Base Purchase Price
Section 2.1
92


Blocker Recitals
Blocker Shares Recitals
Buyer Preamble
Buyer Indemnified Parties
Section 9.1
Buyer-Handled Claims
Section 9.7(c)
Class A Units Recitals
Class B Unit Schedule
Section 3.3(a)
Class B Units Recitals
Closing
Section 10.1
Closing Consideration Allocation Certificate
Section 2.2(b)
Closing Date
Section 10.1
Company Recitals
Company Benefit Plan
Section 3.15(a)
Company Insurance Policies
Section 3.11
Company Seller Preamble
Company Sellers Preamble
Company Software
Section 3.16(h)
Company Trade Secrets
Section 3.16(e)
CPA Firm
Section 2.4(c)(ii)
D&O Tail Policy
Section 8.3(b)
Disclosure Schedule
Article 3
Indemnity Escrow Amount
Section 2.3(c)
Employee IP Agreement
Section 3.16(f)
Employment Laws
Section 3.14(b)
Engagement Letter
Section 2.4(c)(ii)
Escrow Agreement
Section 10.2(b)
Estimated Adjusted Net Working Capital Amount
Section 2.2(a)(iii)
Estimated Blocker Closing Cash Amount
Section 2.2(a)(ii)
Estimated Closing Consideration Amount
Section 2.2(a)(vi)
Estimated Closing Statement
Section 2.2(a)
Estimated Company Closing Cash Amount
Section 2.2(a)(i)
Estimated Indebtedness Amount
Section 2.2(a)(iv)
Estimated Purchase Price
Section 2.2(a)(vi)
Estimated Seller Transaction Expense Amount
Section 2.2(a)(v)
Expense Invoice
Section 10.2(g)
Final Adjusted Net Working Capital Amount
Section 2.4(d)
Final Blocker Closing Cash Amount
Section 2.4(d)
Final Closing Statement
Section 2.4(d)
Final Company Closing Cash Amount
Section 2.4(d)
Final Indebtedness Amount
Section 2.4(d)
Final Purchase Price
Section 2.4(d)
93


Final Seller Transaction Expense Amount
Section 2.4(d)
Financial Statements
Section 3.3(f)
Funds Flow Memorandum
Section 2.2(c)
Indemnification Notice
Section 9.6
Indemnified Agent
Section 8.3(a)
Indemnified Party
Section 9.6
Indemnifying Party
Section 9.6
Indemnity Escrow Account
Section 2.3
Indemnity Escrow Amount
Section 2.3
Interim Financial Statements
Section 3.3(f)
Leases
Section 3.10(c)
Material Contract
Section 3.11
Material Customer
Section 3.13(a)
Material Supplier
Section 3.13(b)
Non-US Plan
Section 3.15(h)
Option Schedule
Section 3.3(d)
Payoff Letter
Section 2.3(a)
Permitted Update
Section 8.12
Preliminary Closing Statement
Section 2.4(a)
Preliminary Purchase Price
Section 2.4(a)(vi)
Purchase Price
Section 2.1
Purchased Units Recitals
Real Property
Section 3.10(c)
Recent Balance Sheet
Section 3.3(f)
Registered Intellectual Property
Section 3.16(a)
Related Agreement
Section 3.1(a)
Related Party
Section 3.22
Related Party Arrangement
Section 3.22
Releasees
Section 8.13
Releasors
Section 8.13
Representative Expense Fund Amount
Section 2.3(d)
Required Regulatory Approvals
Section 8.5(a)
Response Period
Section 2.4(b)
Retention Bonus Escrow Account
Section 2.3
Retention Bonus Escrow Amount
Section 2.3
Schedule Supplement
Section 8.12
Sellers Preamble
Statement Dispute
Section 2.4(c)(i)
Statement Objection
Section 2.4(b)
Taft
Section 13.12(a)
Taft Protected Information
Section 13.12(b)
94


Tangible Assets
Section 3.10(a)
Third Party Claim
Section 9.7(a)
Units Recitals
WARN Act
Section 3.14(f)
Xirgo Marks
Section 8.10
1.
[Signature page follows]
95


IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Parties have caused their respective duly authorized representatives to execute and deliver this Securities Purchase Agreement as of the date first written above.

BLOCKER:
XIRGO HOLDINGS, INC.

By: /s/ Luke A. Phenicie            
Name: Luke A. Phenicie
Title: Chairman


COMPANY:
XIRGO TECHNOLOGIES INTERMEDIATE HOLDINGS, LLC

By: /s/ Luke A. Phenicie            
Name: Luke A. Phenicie
Title: Chairman



[Signature Page to Securities Purchase Agreement]

Execution Version






IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Parties have caused their respective duly authorized representatives to execute and deliver this Securities Purchase Agreement as of the date first written above.

SELLER REPRESENTATIVE:

Hammond, Kennedy, Whitney & Company, Inc.


By: /s/ Luke A. Phenicie            
Name: Luke A. Phenicie
Title: Lead Transaction Partners







Execution Version






IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Parties have caused their respective duly authorized representatives to execute and deliver this Securities Purchase Agreement as of the date first written above.
SELLER:

HKW CAPITAL PARTNERS IV, L.P.

By:    HKW Management IV, L.P.
Its:    General Partner

By:    HKW Equity Partners, L.L.C.
Its:    General Partner

By: /s/ Luke A. Phenicie            
Name: Luke A. Phenicie
Title: Lead Transaction Partners


SELLER:

HKW CAPITAL PARTNERS IV-A, L.P.

By:    HKW Management IV, L.P.
Its:    General Partner

By:    HKW Equity Partners, L.L.C.
Its:    General Partner

By: /s/ Luke A. Phenicie            
Name: Luke A. Phenicie
Title: Lead Transaction Partners


SELLER:

HKW CAPITAL PARTNERS IV-B, L.P.

By:    HKW Management IV, L.P.
Its:    General Partner

By:    HKW Equity Partners, L.L.C.
Its:    General Partner

By: /s/ Luke A. Phenicie            
Name: Luke A. Phenicie
Title: Lead Transaction Partners


Execution Version






IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Parties have caused their respective duly authorized representatives to execute and deliver this Securities Purchase Agreement as of the date first written above.
SELLER:

CAPITALSOUTH PARTNERS FUND II
LIMITED PARTNERSHIP

By:    CapitalSouth Partners SBIC F-II, LLC,
    its general partner


By: /s/ Joseph B. Alala            
Name:     Joseph B. Alala, III    
Title:     CEO            


SELLER:

CAPITALSOUTH PARTNERS SBIC FUND III, L.P.

By:    CapitalSouth Partners SBIC Fund F-III, LLC,
    its general partner


By: s/ Joseph B. Alala            
Name:     Joseph B. Alala, III    
Title:     CEO            


SELLER:

CAPITALA PRIVATE CREDIT FUND V, L.P.

By:    Capitala PCPV, LLC, its general partner


By: s/ Joseph B. Alala            
Name:     Joseph B. Alala, III    
Title:     CEO            



Execution Version






IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Parties have caused their respective duly authorized representatives to execute and deliver this Securities Purchase Agreement as of the date first written above.
SELLER:

RGA REINSURANCE COMPANY


By: /s/ Kevin T. Prunty                
Name:     Kevin T. Prunty        
Title:     VP & Co-Head, Private Debt & Equity





Execution Version






IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Parties have caused their respective duly authorized representatives to execute and deliver this Securities Purchase Agreement as of the date first written above.
SELLER:

XIRGO TECHNOLOGIES HOLDINGS, INC.


By: /s/ Roberto Piolanti            
Name:     Roberto Piolanti        
Title:     CEO            





Execution Version






IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Parties have caused their respective duly authorized representatives to execute and deliver this Securities Purchase Agreement as of the date first written above.

SELLER:

ROBERTO PIOLANTI


/s/ Roberto Piolanti            
Roberto Piolanti



SELLER:

CARMELA BARBIERI


/s/ Carmela Barbieri        
Carmela Barbieri




Execution Version






IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Parties have caused their respective duly authorized representatives to execute and deliver this Securities Purchase Agreement as of the date first written above.

SELLER:

THE ALEMAN YANEZ FAMILY REVOCAVBLE TRUST, DTD 10/14/09


By: /s/ Shawn Aleman            
Name:     Shawn Aleman    
Title:     Trustee            



By: /s/ Shannon Yanez            
Name:     Shannon Yanez    
Title:     Trustee            





Execution Version






IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Parties have caused their respective duly authorized representatives to execute and deliver this Securities Purchase Agreement as of the date first written above.

SELLER:

THE BARAKAT REVOCAVBLE FAMILY
TRUST, DATED 5/14/13


By: /s/ Nader Barakat            
Name:     Nader Barakat        
Title:     Trustee            



By: /s/ Randa H. Barakat            
Name:     Randa H. Barakat    
Title:     Trustee            





Execution Version






IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Parties have caused their respective duly authorized representatives to execute and deliver this Securities Purchase Agreement as of the date first written above.

SELLER:

MARK GROUT


/s/ Mark Grout            
Mark Grout




Execution Version






IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Parties have caused their respective duly authorized representatives to execute and deliver this Securities Purchase Agreement as of the date first written above.

SELLER:

TERRY MALLBERG


/s/ Terry Mallberg            
Terry Mallberg




Execution Version






IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Parties have caused their respective duly authorized representatives to execute and deliver this Securities Purchase Agreement as of the date first written above.

SELLER:

BRIAN RHODES


/s/ Brian Rhodes            
Brian Rhodes




Execution Version






IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Parties have caused their respective duly authorized representatives to execute and deliver this Securities Purchase Agreement as of the date first written above.

SELLER:

ENRICO CARLINI


/s/ Enrico Carlini                
Enrico Carlini




Execution Version






IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Parties have caused their respective duly authorized representatives to execute and deliver this Securities Purchase Agreement as of the date first written above.

SELLER:

JACOB FOELL


/s/ Jacob Foell                
Jacob Foell




Execution Version






IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Parties have caused their respective duly authorized representatives to execute and deliver this Securities Purchase Agreement as of the date first written above.

SELLER:

WILLIAM FREDERICK


/s/ William Frederick            
William Frederick




Execution Version






IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Parties have caused their respective duly authorized representatives to execute and deliver this Securities Purchase Agreement as of the date first written above.

SELLER:

TIMOTHY NELSON


/s/ Timothy Nelson            
Timothy Nelson




Execution Version






IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Parties have caused their respective duly authorized representatives to execute and deliver this Securities Purchase Agreement as of the date first written above.

SELLER:

JOHN PONTI


/s/ John Ponti            
John Ponti




Execution Version






IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Parties have caused their respective duly authorized representatives to execute and deliver this Securities Purchase Agreement as of the date first written above.

SELLER:

MICHELLE ROTHMAN


/s/ Michelle Rothman            
Michelle Rothman




Execution Version






IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Parties have caused their respective duly authorized representatives to execute and deliver this Securities Purchase Agreement as of the date first written above.

SELLER:

KHALID SYED


/s/ Khalid Syed            
Khalid Syed




Execution Version






IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Parties have caused their respective duly authorized representatives to execute and deliver this Securities Purchase Agreement as of the date first written above.

SELLER:

ANDRIUS ZABULIONIS


/s/ Andrius Zabulionis            
Andrius Zabulionis







IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Parties have caused their respective duly authorized representatives to execute and deliver this Securities Purchase Agreement as of the date first written above.

SELLER:

GIEDRIUS ŽIBIKAS


/s/ Giedrius Žibikas            
Giedrius Žibikas





IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Parties have caused their respective duly authorized representatives to execute and deliver this Securities Purchase Agreement as of the date first written above.
[Signature Page to Securities Purchase Agreement]



BUYER:

SENSATA TECHNOLOGIES, INC.

By: /s/ Hans Lidforss                
Name: H. Lidforss                
Title: SVP, Chief Strategy and Corporate Development     Officer        




[Signature Page to Securities Purchase Agreement]
Subsidiaries of Sensata Technologies Holding plc
Exhibit 21.1
Name Jurisdiction of Incorporation
Airpax Electronics (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. China
August Brazil Holding Company S.á.r.l. Luxembourg
August Lux Holding Company S.á.r.l. Luxembourg
August Lux UK Holding Company S.á.r.l. Luxembourg
August UK HoldCo Limited United Kingdom
BEI North America, LLC United States
BEI Sensors SAS France
CDI Netherlands B.V. The Netherlands
Control Devices, Inc. United States
Crydom SSR Limited United Kingdom
Crydom, Inc. United States
Custom Sensors & Technologies de Mexico S.A. de C.V. Mexico
Custom Sensors & Technologies Inc. United States
Custom Sensors & Technologies Newco Ltd. United Kingdom
Custom Sensors & Technologies Transportation de Mexico S.A. de C.V. Mexico
Custom Sensors & Technologies US Corporation United States
Custom Sensors & Technologies US LLC United States
Cynergy 3 Components Fab Limited United Kingdom
Cynergy3 Components LLC United States
Cynergy3 Components Limited United Kingdom
Cynergy3 Limited United Kingdom
Cynergy3 Property Limited. United Kingdom
DeltaTech Controls (Hong Kong) Company Limited Hong Kong
DeltaTech Controls (Shanghai) Company Limited China
FTCP Bermuda Ltd. Bermuda
Gigavac LLC United States
Impress Sensors & Systems Limited United Kingdom
Industrial Interface Limited United Kingdom
Kavlico Corporation United States
Lithium Balance A/S Denmark
Newall Electronics Inc. United States
Newall Measurement Systems Limited United Kingdom
Preco Electronics, LLC United States
Preco Electronics GmbH Germany
Schrader Electronics Limited Northern Ireland
Schrader Engineered Products (Kunshan) Co. Ltd. China
Schrader International Brasil Ltda. Brazil
Schrader International GmbH Germany
Schrader, LLC United States
Sensata Canada, Inc. Canada
Sensata Finance Ireland Limited Ireland
Sensata Finance Ireland Limited II Ireland
Sensata Germany GmbH Germany
Sensata Malta Holding Ltd. Malta
Sensata Technologies (Europe) Limited United Kingdom
Sensata Technologies Automotive Sensors (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. China
Sensata Technologies B.V. The Netherlands
Sensata Technologies Baoying Co., Ltd. China
Sensata Technologies Bermuda Ltd. Bermuda
Sensata Technologies Bulgaria EOOD Bulgaria
Sensata Technologies Changzhou Co., Ltd. China
Sensata Technologies China Co., Ltd. China
Sensata Technologies de México, S. de R.L. de C.V. Mexico


Subsidiaries of Sensata Technologies Holding plc
Name Jurisdiction of Incorporation
Sensata Technologies Dominicana, S.r.L. Dominican Republic
Sensata Technologies Finance Company, LLC United States
Sensata Technologies France SAS France
Sensata Technologies Germany GmbH Germany
Sensata Technologies GmbH Germany
Sensata Technologies Holding Company Mexico, B.V. The Netherlands
Sensata Technologies Holding Company UK United Kingdom
Sensata Technologies Holland B.V. The Netherlands
Sensata Technologies Hong Kong, Limited China
Sensata Technologies India Private Limited India
Sensata Technologies Intermediate Holding B.V. The Netherlands
Sensata Technologies Intermediate UK Limited United Kingdom
Sensata Technologies Italia S.r.L. Italy
Sensata Technologies Japan Limited Japan
Sensata Technologies Korea Limited Korea
Sensata Technologies Limited United Kingdom
Sensata Technologies Malaysia Sdn. Bhd. Malaysia
Sensata Technologies Malta Ltd Malta
Sensata Technologies Management China Co., Ltd. China
Sensata Technologies Mex Distribution, S.A. de C.V. Mexico
Sensata Technologies Poland Sp, z.o.o Poland
Sensata Technologies Sensores e Controles do Brasil Ltda. Brazil
Sensata Technologies Sensors (Changzhou) Co., Ltd China
Sensata Technologies Singapore Pte. Ltd. Singapore
Sensata Technologies Spain, S.L. Spain
Sensata Technologies Taiwan Co., Ltd. Taiwan
Sensata Technologies UK Financing Co., plc United Kingdom
Sensata Technologies US II, LLC United States
Sensata Technologies US, LLC United States
Sensata Technologies, Inc. United States
Sensor-Nite N.V. Belgium
ST August Lux Company S.á.r.l. Luxembourg
ST August Lux Intermediate Holdco S.á.r.l. Luxembourg
ST Schrader Holding Company UK Limited United Kingdom
STI Holdco, Inc. United States
Swindon Silicon Systems Limited United Kingdom
Wabash Technologies Limited United Kingdom
Wabash Technologies Mexico S. de R.L. de C.V. Mexico



Exhibit 23.1
Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
We consent to the incorporation by reference in the following Registration Statements:
(1)    Registration Statement (Form S-4 No. 333-220735) pertaining to Sensata Technologies Holding plc;
(2)    Post-Effective Amendment No. 1 to the Registration Statement (Form S-8 No. 333-166336) pertaining to the Sensata Technologies Holding plc Second Amended and Restated 2006 Management Option Plan and the Sensata Technologies Holding plc First Amended and Restated 2010 Equity Incentive Plan; and
(3)    Post-Effective Amendment No. 1 to the Registration Statement (Form S-8 No. 333-191999) pertaining to the Sensata Technologies Holding plc First Amended and Restated 2010 Equity Incentive Plan;
of our reports dated February 12, 2021, with respect to the consolidated financial statements and schedules of Sensata Technologies Holding plc, and the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting of Sensata Technologies Holding plc, included in this Annual Report (Form 10-K) for the year ended December 31, 2020.
/s/ Ernst & Young LLP
Boston, Massachusetts
February 12, 2021



Exhibit 31.1
Certification
I, Jeff Cote, certify that:
1.I have reviewed this Annual Report on Form 10-K of Sensata Technologies Holding plc;
2.Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
3.Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
4.The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:
(a)Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
(b)Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
(c)Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
(d)Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
5.The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
(a)All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
(b)Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.
Date: February 12, 2021
/s/ Jeff Cote
Jeff Cote
Chief Executive Officer and President




Exhibit 31.2
Certification
I, Paul Vasington, certify that:
1.I have reviewed this Annual Report on Form 10-K of Sensata Technologies Holding plc;
2.Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
3.Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
4.The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:
(a)Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
(b)Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
(c)Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
(d)Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
5.The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
(a)All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
(b)Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.
Date: February 12, 2021
/s/ PAUL VASINGTON
Paul Vasington
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer




Exhibit 31.3
Certification
I, Maria Freve, certify that:
1.I have reviewed this Annual Report on Form 10-K of Sensata Technologies Holding plc;
2.Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
3.Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
4.The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:
(a)Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
(b)Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
(c)Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
(d)Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
5.The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
(a)All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
(b)Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.
Date: February 12, 2021
/s/ MARIA FREVE
Maria Freve
Vice President and Chief Accounting Officer




Exhibit 32.1
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
18 U.S.C. 1350
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
In connection with the Annual Report on Form 10-K of Sensata Technologies Holding plc (the “Company”) for the year ended December 31, 2020, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), each of the undersigned chief executive officer, chief financial officer, and chief accounting officer of the Company, certifies, to the best knowledge and belief of the signatory, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:
1.The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Act of 1934; and
2.The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.
/s/ JEFF COTE
Jeff Cote
Chief Executive Officer and President
Date: February 12, 2021
/s/ PAUL VASINGTON
Paul Vasington
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Date: February 12, 2021
/s/ MARIA FREVE
Maria Freve
Vice President and Chief Accounting Officer
Date: February 12, 2021




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Sensata Technologies Signs Definitive Agreement
to Acquire Xirgo Technologies

Acquisition strengthens Sensata’s position as a data insight provider across transportation and logistics end-markets
Accretive acquisition of high growth business significantly accelerates Sensata’s Smart & Connected initiative
Xirgo CEO to lead the combined Xirgo and Smart & Connected business unit, leveraging the capabilities of the two organizations

SWINDON, United Kingdom, February 12, 2021– Sensata Technologies (NYSE: ST), a leading industrial technology company and provider of sensor-rich solutions that create insight for customers, today announced the acquisition of leading telematics and data insight provider, Xirgo® Technologies Intermediate Holdings, LLC (“Xirgo”) for $400 million, or approximately 16.0x 2021 EBITDA. Xirgo’s annual revenue is expected to exceed $100 million in 2021 with projected revenue growth in excess of 20% over the next several years. The transaction is expected to be accretive to Sensata’s adjusted net income per share in 2021.

Through its Smart & Connected initiative Sensata has developed modular solutions that collect data from wireless sensors or related vehicle systems information using a connected vehicle area network. This enables Sensata to deliver actionable insight to drivers, maintenance workers and back-office personnel through mobile applications, web portals and via cloud APIs for integration into other enterprise systems. Sensata further leverages its leadership position in a diverse mix of sensors, including tire pressure monitoring systems, and know-how of vehicles and use cases within fleet operations to deliver these scalable offerings.

The acquisition of Xirgo meaningfully advances Sensata’s Smart & Connected megatrend-focused growth initiative for transportation and logistics end-markets. For years Sensata has been developing sensors for heavy- and light-duty vehicles used by fleet operators, having strengthened its offering with the 2014 acquisition of Schrader, including its embedded and wireless systems capabilities, as well as through the launch of its Smart & Connected vehicle area network initiative in 2018. The acquisition of Xirgo brings complementary capabilities and accelerates Sensata’s strategy to expand beyond OEMs and address the broader fleet ecosystem, including telematics service providers, fleet management solution providers and fleet operators themselves. As a result, Sensata’s total addressable market for its Smart & Connected product offerings will more than double to $15 billion by 2030.

Since 2006, Xirgo has provided innovative wireless IoT communication devices for a wide range of applications across multiple markets including vehicle telematics, fleet management, asset tracking, usage-based driving, cold chain, and others. Xirgo delivers customized and modular device and cloud solutions that help its partners add capabilities to their portfolio to become more competitive and unlock new revenue streams. Most recently, Xirgo has also added full-stack sensing applications to its portfolio, including trailer cargo capacity and dash cam video,



along with data services including device management, APIs and the ability to translate vehicle on-board diagnostics data.

Commenting on the acquisition, Jeff Cote, Sensata Technologies CEO and President, said “Xirgo is our first acquisition to expand our Smart & Connected growth vector, demonstrating progress against this large, fast-growing market opportunity. Xirgo establishes the foundation for our next phase of growth as we become a data insight provider for fleet managers – giving them actionable data in the right place at the right time.”

“We are excited to expand our solution offering and technical expertise by leveraging the tremendous talent that resides at Xirgo,” said Andrew Forti, Vice President and General Manager, Smart & Connected, Sensata Technologies. “We see this initiative as exponentially extending our Smart & Connected activities, as we will be able to offer customers and ecosystem partners a broader value proposition to address their fleet management needs. With this acquisition, what started as an ambitious concept several years ago has transformed into a large, scalable and meaningful growth platform for Sensata.”

Shawn Aleman, Co-Founder and Chief Executive Officer at Xirgo Technologies, LLC, said “Xirgo has a proven track record of delivering enterprise class data insight and cloud platform services integrated with our broad portfolio of technologies to offer comprehensive yet flexible solutions for our customers. The diversity of our technology gives Sensata comprehensive IoT solutions for fleets of all classes and sizes as well as the opportunity to expand into new markets and verticals. I am thrilled to join the Sensata team at this stage of our growth, as we accelerate value creation for our customers and partners.”

Timing and Required Approvals
The transaction is subject to clearance under the Hart-Scott-Rodino Act and other customary closing conditions. Sensata intends to fund the transaction using cash on hand.
Sensata and Xirgo expect to complete the transaction during the first quarter of 2021.

Conference Call and Webcast
Sensata will conduct a conference call today at 8:00 AM eastern time to discuss the acquisition of Xirgo. The dial-in numbers for the call are 1-844-784-1726 or +1-412-380-7411. Callers should reference the "Sensata acquisition of Xirgo Conference Call." A live webcast and a replay of the conference call will also be available on the investor relations page of Sensata’s website at http://investors.sensata.com. Additionally, a replay of the call will be available until February 19, 2021. To access the replay, dial 1-877-344-7529 or 1-412-317-0088 and enter confirmation code: 10152411.


About Sensata Technologies
Sensata Technologies is a leading industrial technology company that develops sensors, sensor-based solutions, including controllers and software, and other mission-critical products to create valuable business insights for customers and end users. For more than 100 years, Sensata has provided a wide range of customized, sensor-rich solutions that address complex engineering requirements to help customers solve difficult challenges in the automotive, heavy vehicle & off-road, industrial and aerospace industries. With more than 19,000 employees and operations in 13 countries, Sensata’s solutions help to make products safer, cleaner and more



efficient, more electrified, and more connected. For more information, please visit Sensata’s website at www.sensata.com.

About Xirgo® Technologies, LLC
Xirgo® Technologies, LLC is a leading provider of innovative, full-featured, application-specific wireless IoT communication devices. An expansive product line facilitates best-in-class solutions for numerous markets and verticals. With comprehensive in-house engineering capabilities in all key development disciplines, Xirgo consistently delivers compelling solutions to companies in search of ways to become more competitive, improve operational efficiencies, and unlock new revenue streams. In conjunction with our partners, Xirgo has provided world-class solutions in the realm of telematics, fleet management, heavy equipment, asset tracking, usage-based driving, high-risk vehicle finance, cold chain, and rental applications. For more information about Xirgo, visit the website: https://xirgo.com/

Safe Harbor Statement
This press release contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, including statements regarding anticipated financial results and liquidity. The words "will," "may," "designed to," "outlook," "believes," "should," "anticipates," "plans," "expects," "intends," "estimates," "forecasts" and similar expressions identify certain of these forward-looking statements. The Company also may provide forward-looking statements in oral statements or other written materials released to the public. All statements contained or incorporated in this press release or in any other public statements that address operating performance, events or developments that the Company expects or anticipates may occur in the future are forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from these forward-looking statements are discussed in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019, and its other Securities and Exchange Commission filings. Future operating results will be based on various factors, including actual industry production volumes, the impact of COVID-19 on the Company’s business and the global economy, commodity prices, the impact of restructuring actions and the Company's success in implementing its operating strategy. The forward-looking statements in this press release are made as of the date hereof, and the Company does not assume any obligation to update, amend or clarify them to reflect events, new information or circumstances occurring after the date hereof.
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Investor Contact:
Jacob Sayer
+1 (508) 236-1666
jsayer@sensata.com

Media Contact:
Alexia Taxiarchos
+1 (617) 259-8172
ataxiarchos@sensata.com