Exhibit 10.1

SECURITIES PURCHASE AGREEMENT

This SECURITIES PURCHASE AGREEMENT (this “Agreement”) is made and entered into as of January __, 2022 by and among Advaxis, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), and the Investors identified on the Schedule of Investors attached hereto as Exhibit A (each an “Investor” and collectively the “Investors”).

Recitals

A. The Company and the Investors are executing and delivering this Agreement in reliance upon the exemption from securities registration afforded by Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “1933 Act”) and/or Rule 506 of Regulation D (“Regulation D”) as promulgated by the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) under the 1933 Act; and;

B. The Investors wish to purchase from the Company, and the Company wishes to sell and issue to the Investors, upon the terms and subject to the conditions stated in this Agreement, shares (the “Shares”) of the Company’s Series D convertible redeemable preferred stock, par value $0.001 per share (the “Series D Stock”), that are convertible into shares of the Company’s common stock, $0.001 par value per share (the “Common Stock”); and

C. Contemporaneously with the sale of the Shares hereunder, the parties hereto will execute and deliver a Registration Rights Agreement, in the form attached hereto as Exhibit B (the “Registration Rights Agreement”), pursuant to which the Company will agree to provide certain registration rights, in respect of the shares of Common Stock issuable upon conversion of the Shares, under the 1933 Act, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder, and applicable state securities laws.

In consideration of the mutual promises made herein and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, the parties hereto agree as follows:

1. Definitions. For the purposes of this Agreement, the following terms shall have the meanings set forth below:

“Affiliate” means, with respect to any Person, any other Person which directly or indirectly through one or more intermediaries Controls, is controlled by, or is under common Control with, such Person.

“Agreement” has the meaning set forth in the Recitals.

“Business Day” means a day, other than a Saturday or Sunday, on which banks in New York City are open for the general transaction of business.

“Closing” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.1.

“Closing Date” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.1.

“Code” has the meaning set forth in Section 4.21.

“Common Stock Equivalents” means any securities of the Company which would entitle the holder thereof to acquire at any time shares of Common Stock, including without limitation, any debt, preferred stock, rights, options, warrants or other instrument that is at any time convertible into or exchangeable for, or otherwise entitles the holder thereof to receive, shares of Common Stock.

“Company” has the meaning set forth in the Recitals.

“Company’s Knowledge” means the actual knowledge of the executive officers (as defined in Rule 405 under the 1933 Act) of the Company and any executive officers of the Company’s Subsidiaries.

“Company Stock Plans” has the meaning set forth in Section 4.3.

“Control” (including the terms “controlling,” “controlled by” or “under common control with”) means the possession, direct or indirect, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of a Person, whether through the ownership of voting securities, by contract or otherwise.

“Disclosure Schedules” has the meaning set forth in Section 4.

“EDGAR system” has the meaning set forth in Section 4.8.

“Environmental Laws” has the meaning set forth in Section 4.20.

“ERISA” has the meaning set forth in Section 4.21.

“Escrow Agent” means Wilmington Trust, National Association.

“Escrow Agreement” means the escrow agreement to be entered into prior to Closing, by and between the Company, the Escrow Agent and the Investors party thereto, pursuant to which the Investors’ Subscription Amounts will be held in escrow in accordance with the terms thereof.

“FCPA” means the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, as amended.

“Financial Advisor” means A.G.P./Alliance Global Partners.

“GAAP” has the meaning set forth in Section 4.23.

“Intellectual Property” has the meaning set forth in Section 4.19.

“Investor” and “Investors” have the meanings set forth in the Recitals.

“Investor Questionnaire” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.1.

“Material Adverse Effect” means a material adverse effect on (i) the assets, liabilities, results of operations, condition (financial or otherwise) or business of the Company and its Subsidiaries taken as a whole, (ii) the legality or enforceability of any of the Transaction Documents or (iii) the ability of the Company to perform its obligations under the Transaction Documents; provided, however, that in no event shall any of the following occurring after the date hereof, alone or in combination, be deemed to constitute, or be taken into account in determining whether a Material Adverse Effect has occurred: (1) any adverse effect resulting directly or indirectly from general business or economic conditions, except to the extent such general business or economic conditions have a materially disproportionate effect on the Company as compared to companies in the Company’s industry, (2) any change in the Company’s stock price or trading volume, or (3) any effect caused by the announcement or pendency of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents, or the identity of any Investor or any of its Affiliates as the purchaser in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement or the Registration Rights Agreement.

“Material Contract” means any contract, instrument or other agreement to which the Company is a party or by which it is bound which is material to the business of the Company, and which has been filed an exhibit to the SEC Filings pursuant to Item 601(b)(10) of Regulation S-K.

“Nasdaq” means the Nasdaq Stock Market, LLC.

“Options” has the meaning set forth in Section 4.3.

“Person” means an individual, corporation, partnership, limited liability company, trust, business trust, association, joint stock company, joint venture, sole proprietorship, unincorporated organization, governmental authority or any other form of entity not specifically listed herein.

“Press Release” has the meaning set forth in Section 9.7.

“Q3 2021 Form 10-Q” has the meaning set forth in Section 4.3.

“Registration Rights Agreement” has the meaning set forth in the Recitals.

“Regulation D” has the meaning set forth in the Recitals.

“Required Investors” has the meaning set forth in the Registration Rights Agreement.

“Required Minimum” means, as of any date, the maximum aggregate number of shares of Common Stock then issued or potentially issuable in the future pursuant to the Transaction Documents, including the conversion in full of all shares of Series D Stock, ignoring any conversion or exercise limits set forth therein.

“Reverse Stock Split” means a reverse stock split of the outstanding shares of Common Stock that is effected by the Company’s filing of an amendment to its certificate of incorporation with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware and the acceptance thereof.

“Reverse Stock Split Amendment” means the amendment to the Company’s certificate of incorporation that effects the Reverse Stock Split.

“Reverse Stock Split Date” means the date on which the Reverse Stock Split is consummated and becomes effective.

“Schedule of Investors” shall mean the Schedule of Investors attached hereto as Exhibit A.

“SEC” has the meaning set forth in the Recitals.

“SEC Filings” means the filings made by the Company pursuant to the 1933 Act or the 1934 Act.

“Series D Stock” has the meaning set forth in the Recitals.

“Share Cap” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.2.

“Shares” has the meaning set forth in the Recitals.

“Short Sales” means all “short sales” as defined in Rule 200 of Regulation SHO under the 1934 Act.

“Stockholder Approval” means the Company’s stockholders’ adoption and approval of the Reverse Stock Split, pursuant to the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware.

“Subscription Amount” means, as to an Investor, the aggregate amount to be paid for the Shares purchased hereunder as specified opposite such Investor’s name on the Schedule of Investors, under the column entitled “Aggregate Purchase Price of Shares,” in U.S. Dollars and in immediately available funds.

“Subsidiaries” has the meaning set forth in Section 4.1.

“Trading Day” means a day on which Nasdaq is open for trading.

“Transaction Documents” means this Agreement and the Registration Rights Agreement.

“Transfer Agent” has the meaning set forth in Section 7.7.

“USPTO” has the meaning set forth in Section 4.19.

“1933 Act” has the meaning set forth in the Recitals.

“1934 Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or any successor statute, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.

2. Purchase and Sale of the Shares.

2.1. On the Closing Date, upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth herein, the Company will issue and sell, and the Investors will purchase, severally and not jointly, the number of Shares of Series D Stock set forth opposite the name of such Investor under the heading “Number of Shares to be Purchased” on the Schedule of Investors (subject to adjustment pursuant to Section 2.2 hereof) at a price per Share equal to $4.75.

2.2. The Company shall not issue or sell, pursuant to this Agreement and the Securities Purchase Agreements being entered into on the date hereof with other investors, an aggregate number of shares of Series D Stock that are convertible into shares of Common Stock representing more than 19.99% of the outstanding shares of Common Stock or the voting power of the Company on a post-transaction as of the date of such issuances (the “Share Cap”). If the aggregate number of shares of the Common Stock that would otherwise be sold pursuant to this Agreement and the Securities Purchase Agreements being entered into on the date hereof with other investors would exceed the Share Cap, then the number of shares of Common Stock saleable pursuant to this Agreement and all other such agreements shall be reduced proportionately such that the total number of shares of Common Stock to be so sold shall equal the Share Cap.

3. Closing.

3.1. The closing of the purchase and sale of the Shares (which Shares are set forth in the Schedule of Investors) pursuant to this Agreement (the “Closing”) shall occur remotely via exchange of documents and signatures at a time to be agreed to by the Company and the Investors (the “Closing Date”), but in no event later than the second Trading Day after the date hereof, and of which the Investors will be notified in advance by the Financial Advisor. At or prior to the Closing, each Investor shall execute any related agreements or other documents required to be executed hereunder, dated on or before the Closing Date, including but not limited to the Investor Questionnaire in the form attached hereto as Exhibit C (the “Investor Questionnaire”).

3.2. On the Closing Date, each Investor shall deliver or cause to be delivered to the Escrow Agent the Subscription Amount via wire transfer of immediately available funds pursuant to the wire instructions delivered to such Investor by the Company on or prior to the Closing Date.

3.3. At or before the Closing, the Company shall deliver or cause to be delivered to each Investor a number of Shares, registered in the name of the Investor, in the amount set forth opposite the name of such Investor under the heading “Number of Shares to be Purchased” on the Schedule of Investors. The Shares shall be issued in book entry form, unless certificates evidencing the Shares are requested by the Investors.

4. Representations and Warranties of the Company. The Company hereby represents and warrants to the Investors that, except as set forth in the schedules delivered herewith (collectively, the “Disclosure Schedules”) and except as otherwise described in the SEC Filings, which qualify these representations and warranties in their entirety:

4.1. Organization, Good Standing and Qualification. The Company is an entity duly incorporated, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the State of Delaware, with the requisite corporate power and authority to own or lease and use its properties and assets, to execute and deliver the Transaction Documents, to carry out the provisions of the Transaction Documents, to issue and sell the Shares and to carry on its business as presently conducted as described in the SEC Filings. Each Person of which the Company owns, directly or indirectly, an amount of the voting securities, other voting ownership or voting partnership interests which is sufficient to elect at least a majority of such Person’s Board of Directors or other governing body (or, if there are no such voting interests, 50% or more of the equity interests of which) identified in the Disclosure Schedules (all such Persons, the “Subsidiaries”) is an entity duly incorporated or otherwise organized, validly existing and in good standing (to the extent such concept exists in the relevant jurisdiction) under the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation or organization, as applicable, and has all requisite power and authority to carry on its business to own and use its properties. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is in violation or default in any material respect of any of the provisions of its respective articles of association, charter, certificate of incorporation, bylaws, limited partnership agreement or other organizational or constitutive documents. Each of the Company and its Subsidiaries is duly qualified to do business as a foreign entity and is in good standing (to the extent such concept exists in the relevant jurisdiction) in each jurisdiction in which the conduct of its business or its ownership or leasing of property makes such qualification necessary, except to the extent any failure to so qualify has not had and would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.

4.2. Authorization. The Company has the requisite corporate power and authority and has taken all requisite corporate action necessary for, and, other than the filing with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware of the Certificate of Designation establishing the Series D Stock, no further action on the part of the Company, its officers, directors and stockholders is necessary for, (i) the authorization, execution and delivery of the Transaction Documents, (ii) the authorization of the performance of all obligations of the Company hereunder or thereunder, and (iii) the authorization, issuance and delivery of the Shares. Each of the Transaction Documents has been duly executed and delivered by the Company and, assuming due authorization, execution and delivery by the Investors, constitute valid and binding obligations of the Company enforceable in accordance with their terms, except (a) as limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or other laws of general application affecting enforcement of creditors’ rights, (b) general principles of equity that restrict the availability of equitable remedies and (c) to the extent that the enforceability of indemnification provisions may be limited by applicable laws.

4.3. Capitalization. The Company has an authorized and outstanding capitalization as set forth in its Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended July 31, 2021 (the “Q3 2021 Form 10-Q”) as of the dates set forth therein. The shares of Common Stock outstanding prior to the issuance of the Shares have been duly authorized and are validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable. Except as described in the Q3 2021 Form 10-Q, there are no options, warrants, agreements, contracts or other rights in existence to purchase or acquire from the Company or any Subsidiary of the Company any shares of the capital stock of the Company or any Subsidiary of the Company, subject to the grant of options consistent with past practices. The description of the Company’s stock option, stock bonus and other stock plans or arrangements (the “Company Stock Plans”), and the options (the “Options”) or other rights granted thereunder, set forth in the SEC Filings accurately and fairly presents in all material respects the information required to be shown with respect to such plans, arrangements, options and rights. Each grant of an Option (A) was duly authorized no later than the date on which the grant of such Option was by its terms to be effective by all necessary corporate action, including, as applicable, approval by the board of directors of the Company (or a duly constituted and authorized committee thereof) and any required shareholder approval by the necessary number of votes or written consents, and the award agreement governing such grant (if any) was duly executed and delivered by each party thereto and (B) was made in accordance with the terms of the applicable Company Stock Plan, and all applicable laws and regulatory rules or requirements, including all applicable federal securities laws.

4.4. Valid Issuance. The Shares have been duly and validly authorized and, when issued and paid for pursuant to this Agreement, and will be validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable, and shall be free and clear of all encumbrances and restrictions (other than those created by the Investors), except for restrictions on transfer set forth in the Transaction Documents or imposed by applicable securities laws.

4.5. No Transfer Taxes or Duties. No stamp, documentary, issuance, registration, transfer, withholding, capital gains, income or other taxes or duties are payable by or on behalf of the Investors, the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to any taxing authority thereof or therein in connection with (i) the execution, delivery or consummation of this Agreement, (ii) the creation, allotment and issuance of the Shares, or (iii) the sale and delivery of the Shares to the Investors.

4.6. Other Registration Rights. Neither the offering or sale of the Shares as contemplated by this Agreement nor the filing of the Registration Statement contemplated by the Registration Rights Agreement gives rise to any rights for or relating to the registration of any shares of Common Stock or other securities of the Company, that have not been waived. Except as described in the SEC filings and except as provided in the Registration Rights Agreement, no Person has the right to require the Company to register any securities of the Company under the 1933 Act, whether on a demand basis or in connection with the registration of securities of the Company for its own account or for the account of any other Person.

4.7. Consents. The execution, delivery and performance by the Company of the Transaction Documents and the offer, issuance and sale of the Shares require no consent of, action by or in respect of, or filing with, any Person, governmental body, agency, or official other than filings that have been made pursuant to applicable state securities laws, the filing of the Certificate of Designation establishing the Series D Stock, and post-sale filings pursuant to applicable state and federal securities laws, which the Company undertakes to file within the applicable time periods, and other than the registration statement required to be filed by the Registration Rights Agreement.

4.8. Delivery of SEC Filings. True and complete copies of the SEC Filings have been made available by the Company to the Investors through the Electronic Data Gathering, Analysis, and Retrieval system (the “EDGAR system”) (other than any information for which the Company has received confidential treatment from the SEC).

4.9. No Material Adverse Change. Since July 31, 2021, except as specifically set forth in a subsequent SEC Filing, there has not been:

(i) any change in the assets, liabilities, financial condition or operating results of the Company from that reflected in the financial statements included in the Q3 2021 Form 10-Q, except for changes in the ordinary course of business which have not had and would not reasonably be expected, individually or in the aggregate, to have a Material Adverse Effect;

(ii) any declaration or payment by the Company of any dividend, or any authorization or payment by the Company of any distribution, on any of the capital stock of the Company, or any redemption or repurchase by the Company of any securities of the Company;

(iii) any material damage, destruction or loss, whether or not covered by insurance, to any assets or properties of the Company;

(iv) any waiver, not in the ordinary course of business, by the Company of a material right or of a material debt owed to it;

(v) any satisfaction or discharge of any lien, claim or encumbrance or payment of any obligation by the Company, except in the ordinary course of business;

(vi) any change or amendment to the Company’s Certificate of Incorporation or Bylaws, or termination of or material amendment to any contract of the Company that the Company is required to file with the SEC pursuant to Item 601(b)(10) of Regulation S-K;

(vii) any material labor difficulties or, to the Company’s Knowledge, labor union organizing activities with respect to employees of the Company;

(viii) any material transaction entered into by the Company other than in the ordinary course of business;

(ix) the loss of the services of any executive officer (as defined in Rule 405 under the 1933 Act) of the Company; or

(x) any other event or condition that, to the Company’s Knowledge, has had or would reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.

4.10. SEC Filings. The Company has filed all reports, schedules, forms, statements and other documents required to be filed by the Company under 1933 Act and the 1934 Act, including pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) thereof, for the one year preceding the date hereof (or such shorter period as the Company was required by law or regulation to file such material). At the time of filing thereof, the SEC Filings complied as to form in all material respects with the requirements of the 1933 Act or 1934 Act, as applicable, and did not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements made therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading.

4.11. No Conflict, Breach, Violation or Default. The execution, delivery and performance of the Transaction Documents by the Company and the issuance and sale of the Shares in accordance with the provisions thereof will not (i) conflict with or result in a breach or violation of (a) any of the terms and provisions of, or constitute a default under, the Company’s Certificate of Incorporation or Bylaws, both as in effect on the date hereof (true and complete copies of which have been made available to the Investors through the EDGAR system), or (b) assuming the accuracy of the representations and warranties in Section 5, any applicable statute, rule, regulation or order of any governmental agency or body or any court, domestic or foreign, having jurisdiction over the Company or its Subsidiaries, or any of their assets or properties, or (ii) conflict with, or constitute a default (or an event that with notice or lapse of time or both would become a default) under, result in the creation of any lien, encumbrance or other adverse claim upon any of the properties or assets of the Company or its Subsidiaries or give to others any rights of termination, amendment, acceleration or cancellation (with or without notice, lapse of time or both) of, any Material Contract except, in the case of clauses (i)(b) and (ii) only, for such conflicts, breaches, violations and defaults as have not and would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. This Section does not relate to matters with respect to tax status, which are the subject of Section 4.13, labor matters, which are the subject of Section 4.16, intellectual property, which are the subject of Section 4.19, environmental laws, which are the subject of Section 4.20, and ERISA matters, which are the subject of Section 4.21.

4.12. Compliance. The Company and each of its Subsidiaries is not (i) in default under or in violation of (and no event has occurred that has not been waived that, with notice or lapse of time or both, would result in a default by the Company under), nor has the Company received notice of a claim that it is in default under or that it is in violation of, any indenture, loan or credit agreement or any other agreement or instrument to which it is a party or by which it or any of its properties is bound (whether or not such default or violation has been waived) or (ii) in violation of any statute, rule, ordinance or regulation of any governmental authority, including without limitation all foreign, federal, state and local laws relating to taxes, environmental protection, occupational health and safety, product quality and safety and employment and labor matters, except in each case as could not have or reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect. The Company and each of its Subsidiaries has operated and currently is in compliance in all material respects with all applicable laws, rules and regulations of the jurisdictions in which it is conducting business. The Company and each of its Subsidiaries: (i) is and at all times has been in material compliance with all statutes, rules or regulations applicable to the ownership, testing, development, manufacture, packaging, processing, use, distribution, marketing, labeling, promotion, sale, offer for sale, storage, import, export or disposal of any product under development, manufactured or distributed by the Company (“Applicable Laws”); (ii) has not received any FDA Form 483, notice of adverse finding, warning letter, untitled letter or other written correspondence or notice from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (the “FDA”) or any other federal, state, local or foreign governmental or regulatory authority alleging or asserting material noncompliance with any Applicable Laws or any licenses, certificates, approvals, clearances, authorizations, permits and supplements or amendments thereto required by any Applicable Laws to conduct the Company’s business as described in the SEC Filings (“Authorizations”); (iii) possesses all material Authorizations and such Authorizations are valid and in full force and effect and the Company is not in material violation of any such Authorizations; (iv) has not received notice of any pending or completed claim, action, suit, proceeding, hearing, enforcement, investigation, arbitration or other action from the FDA or any other federal, state, local or foreign governmental or regulatory authority or third party alleging that any product operation or activity is in material violation of any Applicable Laws or Authorizations and the Company has no knowledge that the FDA or any other federal, state, local or foreign governmental or regulatory authority or third party is considering any such claim, litigation, arbitration, action, suit, investigation or proceeding; (v) has not received notice that the FDA or any other federal, state, local or foreign governmental or regulatory authority has taken, is taking or intends to take action to limit, suspend, modify or revoke any material Authorizations and has no knowledge that the FDA or any other federal, state, local or foreign governmental or regulatory authority is considering such action; and (vi) has filed, obtained, maintained or submitted all material reports, documents, forms, notices, applications, records, claims, submissions and supplements or amendments as required by any Applicable Laws or Authorizations and that all such reports, documents, forms, notices, applications, records, claims, submissions and supplements or amendments were materially complete and correct on the date filed (or were corrected or supplemented by a subsequent submission); (vii) neither the Company nor, to the Company’s Knowledge, any of its officers, directors or managing employees (as defined in 42 U.S.C. § 1320a-5(b)) is or has been excluded, suspended or debarred from participation in any state or federal health care program, or made subject to any pending or, to the Company’s Knowledge, threatened or contemplated action which could reasonably be expected to result in such exclusion, suspension or debarment and (viii) has not, either voluntarily or involuntarily, initiated, conducted, or issued or caused to be initiated, conducted or issued, any recall, market withdrawal or replacement, safety alert, “dear doctor” letter, or other notice or action relating to the alleged lack of safety or efficacy of any product or any alleged product defect or violation and, to the Company’s Knowledge, no third party has initiated, conducted or intends to initiate any such notice or action.

4.13. Tax Matters. The Company and its Subsidiaries have filed all tax returns required to have been filed by the Company or its Subsidiaries with all appropriate governmental agencies and have paid all taxes shown thereon or otherwise owed by them. The Company has made adequate charges, accruals and reserves in the applicable financial statements referred to in Section 4.23 below in respect of all federal, state and foreign income and franchise taxes for all periods as to which the tax liability of the Company or its Subsidiaries has not been finally determined, except to the extent of any inadequacy that would not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect. There are no material tax liens or claims pending or, to the Company’s Knowledge, threatened against the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or any of their respective material assets or property.

4.14. Title to Properties. The Company and its Subsidiaries have good and marketable title to all real properties and all other tangible properties and assets owned by them, in each case free from liens, encumbrances and defects, except such as would not reasonably be expected, individually or in the aggregate, to have a Material Adverse Effect; and the Company and its Subsidiaries hold any leased real or personal property under valid, subsisting and enforceable leases with which the Company are in compliance and with no exceptions, except such as would not reasonably be expected, individually or in the aggregate, to have a Material Adverse Effect.

4.15. Certificates, Authorities and Permits. The Company and its Subsidiaries possess all certificates, authorizations and permits issued by the appropriate federal, state or foreign regulatory authorities necessary to conduct their respective businesses, except where failure to obtain such certificates, authorizations and permits would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect, and neither the Company nor its Subsidiaries has received any notice of proceedings relating to the revocation or modification of any such certificate, authorization or permit which, singly or in the aggregate, if the subject of an unfavorable decision, ruling or finding, would have a Material Adverse Effect.

4.16. Labor Matters. No material labor dispute with the employees of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries exists, or, to the Company’s Knowledge, is imminent; and the Company is not aware of any existing, threatened or imminent labor disturbance by the employees of any of its principal suppliers, manufacturers or contractors that would be reasonably likely to have a Material Adverse Effect.

4.17. Foreign Corrupt Practices. (i) None of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or Affiliates, or any director or officer thereof, or, to the Company’s Knowledge, any employee, agent or representative of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or Affiliates, has taken or will take any action in furtherance of an offer, payment, promise to pay, or authorization or approval of the payment, giving or receipt of money, property, gifts or anything else of value, directly or indirectly, to any government official (including any officer or employee of a government or government-owned or controlled entity or of a public international organization, or any person acting in an official capacity for or on behalf of any of the foregoing, or any political party or party official or candidate for political office) (“Government Official”) in order to influence official action, or to any person in violation of any applicable anti-corruption laws; (ii) the Company and its subsidiaries and their respective Affiliates have conducted their businesses in compliance with applicable anti-corruption laws and have instituted and maintained and will continue to maintain policies and procedures reasonably designed to promote and achieve compliance with such laws and with the representations and warranties contained herein; and (iii) neither the Company nor its subsidiaries will use, directly or indirectly, the proceeds of the offering in furtherance of an offer, payment, promise to pay, or authorization of the payment or giving of money, or anything else of value, to any person in violation of any applicable anti-corruption laws.

4.18. Anti-Money Laundering. The operations of the Company and its Subsidiaries are and have been conducted at all times in material compliance with all applicable financial recordkeeping and reporting requirements, including those of the Bank Secrecy Act, as amended by Title III of the Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Act of 2001 (USA PATRIOT Act), and the applicable anti-money laundering statutes of jurisdictions where the Company and its subsidiaries conduct business, the rules and regulations thereunder and any related or similar rules, regulations or guidelines, issued, administered or enforced by any governmental agency (collectively, the “Anti-Money Laundering Laws”), and no action, suit or proceeding by or before any court or governmental agency, authority or body or any arbitrator involving the Company or any of its subsidiaries with respect to the Anti-Money Laundering Laws is pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened.

4.19. Intellectual Property.

(a) The Company and its Subsidiaries own or have existing licenses under all patents, patent applications, patent rights, licenses, inventions, copyrights, know-how (including trade secrets and other unpatented and/or unpatentable proprietary or confidential information, systems or procedures), trademarks, service marks, trade names and other intellectual property used in or necessary for the conduct of the business of the Company and its Subsidiaries, in the manner described in the SEC Filings (collectively, the “Intellectual Property”), and such licenses are enforceable against the Company and, to the Company’s Knowledge, enforceable against the counterparties to the license agreements under which such licenses were granted to the Company, except as certain rights under any licenses may be limited by bankruptcy and other similar laws affecting the rights of creditors generally and general principles of equity; to the Company’s Knowledge, the patents, trademarks, and copyrights, if any, included within the Intellectual Property are valid, enforceable, and subsisting.

(b) Except as set forth in the SEC Filings, (i) neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is obligated to pay a material royalty, grant a license to, or provide other material consideration to any third party in connection with the Intellectual Property, (ii) neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has received any written notice of any claim of infringement, misappropriation of or conflict with asserted rights of others with respect to any of the Company’s or its Subsidiaries’ product candidates, processes or Intellectual Property, (iii) to the Company’s Knowledge, with the exception of the review of pending applications in the United States Patent and Trademark Office (“USPTO”) or corresponding foreign patent offices, no action, suit, claim or other proceeding is pending or, to the Company’s Knowledge, is threatened, challenging the Company’s or any of its Subsidiaries’ rights in or to any Intellectual Property, or challenging the validity, enforceability or scope of any Intellectual Property, (iv) to the Company’s Knowledge, none of the development, manufacture, sale or use of any of the discoveries, inventions, product candidates or processes of the Company in the manner presently contemplated by the Company and referred to in the SEC Filings do or will infringe, or violate any right or issued patent claim of any third party in any material respect, (v) to the Company’s Knowledge, no third party has any ownership right in or to any Intellectual Property that is owned by the Company, other than any co-owner of any patent constituting Intellectual Property who is listed on the records of the USPTO and any co-owner of any patent application constituting Intellectual Property who is named in such patent application, (vi) except as would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect, the Intellectual Property owned by the Company and its Subsidiaries is free and clear of all liens or encumbrances, (vii) to the Company’s Knowledge, none of the Intellectual Property employed by the Company or its Subsidiaries in the conduct of the business in the manner described in the SEC Filings has been obtained or is being used by the Company or its Subsidiaries in material violation of any contractual obligation binding on the Company or, to the Company’s Knowledge, upon any of its officers, consultants, directors or employees, and (viii) the Company has taken reasonable measures to protect its confidential information and trade secrets and to maintain and safeguard the Intellectual Property.

4.20. Environmental Matters. Except as would not reasonably be expected, individually or in the aggregate, to have a Material Adverse Effect, neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is in violation of any statute, rule, regulation, decision or order of any governmental agency or body or any court, domestic or foreign, relating to the use, disposal or release of hazardous or toxic substances or relating to the protection or restoration of the environment or human exposure to hazardous or toxic substances (collectively, “Environmental Laws”), has released any hazardous substances regulated by Environmental Law on to any real property that it owns or operates, or has received any written notice or claim it is liable for any off-site disposal or contamination pursuant to any Environmental Laws; and to the Company’s Knowledge, there is no pending or threatened investigation that would reasonably be expected to lead to such a claim.

4.21. ERISA. Except as would not, individually or in the aggregate, have (or reasonably be expected to have) a Material Adverse Effect, each employee benefit plan, within the meaning of Section 3(3) of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended (“ERISA”) that the Company or any member of its “Controlled Group” (defined as any organization which is under common control with the Company within the meaning of Section 414 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”)) sponsors or maintains has been maintained in compliance with its terms and the requirements of any applicable statutes, orders, rules and regulations, including but not limited to ERISA and the Code.

4.22. Legal Proceedings. There are no legal or governmental proceedings pending or, to the Company’s Knowledge, threatened to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a party or to which any of the properties of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is subject (i) other than proceedings accurately described in all material respects in the SEC Filings and proceedings that, individually or in the aggregate, would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect or (ii) that are required to be described in the SEC Filings and are not so described in all material respects; and there are no statutes, regulations, contracts or other documents that are required to be described in the SEC Filings or to be filed as exhibits to the SEC Filings that are not described in all material respects or filed as required.

4.23. Financial Statements. The financial statements included in each SEC Filing comply in all material respects with applicable accounting requirements and the rules and regulations of the SEC with respect thereto as in effect at the time of filing (or to the extent corrected by a subsequent restatement) and present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of the dates shown and its results of operations and cash flows for the periods shown, subject in the case of unaudited financial statements to normal, immaterial year-end audit adjustments, and such financial statements have been prepared in conformity with United States generally accepted accounting principles applied on a consistent basis during the periods involved (“GAAP”) (except as may be disclosed therein or in the notes thereto, and except that the unaudited financial statements may not contain all footnotes required by GAAP, and, in the case of quarterly financial statements, as permitted by Form 10-Q under the 1934 Act).

4.24. Insurance Coverage. The Company and each of the Subsidiaries maintain insurance covering their respective properties, operations, personnel and businesses as the Company reasonably deems adequate; the Company reasonably believes such insurance insures against such losses and risks in accordance with customary industry practice to protect the Company and the Subsidiaries and their respective businesses and which is commercially reasonably for the current conduct of its business; all such insurance is fully in force on the date hereof.

4.25. Brokers and Finders. Other than the Financial Advisor, no Person will have, as a result of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents, any valid right, interest or claim against or upon the Company or an Investor for any commission, fee or other compensation pursuant to any agreement, arrangement or understanding entered into by or on behalf of the Company. No Investor shall have any obligation with respect to any fees, or with respect to any claims made by or on behalf of other Persons for fees, in each case of the type contemplated by this Section 4.26 that may be due in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement or the Transaction Documents.

4.26. No Directed Selling Efforts or General Solicitation. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries nor any Person acting on its behalf has conducted any general solicitation or general advertising (as those terms are used in Regulation D) in connection with the offer or sale of any of the Shares. The Company has offered the Shares for sale only to the Investors and certain other “accredited investors” within the meaning of Rule 501 under the 1933 Act.

4.27. No Integrated Offering. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries nor any Person acting on its behalf has, directly or indirectly, made any offers or sales of any Company security or solicited any offers to buy any Company security, under circumstances that would adversely affect reliance by the Company on Section 4(a)(2) for the exemption from registration for the transactions contemplated hereby or would require registration of the Shares under the 1933 Act.

4.28. Private Placement. Assuming the accuracy of the representations and warranties of the Investors set forth in Section 5, the offer and sale of the Shares to the Investors as contemplated hereby is exempt from the registration requirements of the 1933 Act.

4.29. Questionable Payments. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries nor, to the Company’s Knowledge, any of the current or former directors, officers, employees, agents or other Persons acting on behalf of the Company or its Subsidiaries, has on behalf of the Company or its Subsidiaries: (a) used any corporate funds for unlawful contributions, gifts, entertainment or other unlawful expenses relating to political activity; (b) made any direct or indirect unlawful payments to any governmental officials or employees from corporate funds; (c) established or maintained any unlawful or unrecorded fund of corporate monies or other assets which is in violation of law; (d) made any false or fictitious entries on the books and records of the Company; or (e) made any unlawful rebate, payoff, influence payment, kickback, bribe or other unlawful payment of any nature or (f) violated or is in violation of any provision of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, as amended.

4.30. Transactions with Affiliates. Except with respect to the purchase of shares of Common Stock substantially concurrent with the purchase of Shares under the Transaction Documents and for a price per share no less than the purchase price per Share set forth in Section 2 hereof, or as disclosed in the SEC Filings, none of the officers or directors of the Company and, to the Company’s Knowledge, none of the employees of the Company is presently a party to any transaction with the Company or any Subsidiary (other than as holders of stock options and/or warrants, and for services as employees, officers and directors), including any contract, agreement or other arrangement providing for the furnishing of services to or by, providing for rental of real or personal property to or from, or otherwise requiring payments to or from any officer, director or such employee or, to the Company’s Knowledge, any entity in which any officer, director, or any such employee has a substantial interest or is an officer, director, trustee or partner.

4.31. Internal Controls. The Company is in material compliance with the provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 currently applicable to the Company. The Company and the Subsidiaries maintain a system of internal accounting controls sufficient to provide reasonable assurance that (i) transactions are executed in accordance with management’s general or specific authorizations, (ii) transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP and to maintain asset accountability, (iii) access to assets is permitted only in accordance with management’s general or specific authorization, and (iv) the recorded accountability for assets and liabilities is compared with the existing assets and liabilities at reasonable intervals and appropriate action is taken with respect to any differences. The Company has established disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in 1934 Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) for the Company and designed such disclosure controls and procedures to ensure that material information relating to the Company, including the Subsidiaries, is made known to the certifying officers by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which the Company’s most recently filed periodic report under the 1934 Act, as the case may be, is being prepared. The Company has established internal control over financial reporting (as defined in 1934 Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with GAAP. The Company’s certifying officers have evaluated the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures and the Company’s internal control over financial reporting (collectively, “internal controls”) as of the end of the period covered by the most recently filed periodic report under the 1934 Act (such date, the “Evaluation Date”). The Company presented in its most recently filed periodic report under the 1934 Act the conclusions of the certifying officers about the effectiveness of such internal controls based on their evaluations as of the Evaluation Date. Since the Evaluation Date, there have been no significant changes in the Company’s internal controls or, to the Company’s Knowledge, in other factors that could significantly affect the Company’s internal controls. The Company maintains and will continue to maintain a standard system of accounting established and administered in accordance with GAAP and the applicable requirements of the 1934 Act.

4.32. Investment Company. The Company is not required to register as an “investment company” as such term is defined in the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.

4.33. Tests and Preclinical and Clinical Trials. The studies, tests and preclinical and clinical trials conducted by the Company that are described in the SEC Filings, and, to the Company’s Knowledge, those studies, tests and preclinical and clinical trials conducted on behalf of the Company, were and, if still pending, are being conducted in all material respects in accordance with experimental protocols, procedures and controls pursuant to accepted professional scientific standards and all Applicable Laws and Authorizations, including, without limitation, the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder; the descriptions of the results of such studies, tests and trials contained in the SEC Filings are accurate and complete and fairly present the data derived from such studies, tests and trials in all material respects; the Company is not aware of any studies, tests or trials, the results of which the Company believes are materially inconsistent with the study, test or trial results described or referred to in the SEC Filings when viewed in the context in which such results are described and the clinical state of development; and the Company has not received any notices or written correspondence from the FDA or any other federal, state, local or foreign governmental or regulatory authority requiring the termination, suspension or material modification of any studies, tests or preclinical or clinical trials conducted by or on behalf of the Company.

4.34. Manipulation of Price. The Company has not, and, to the Company’s Knowledge, no Person acting on its behalf has taken, directly or indirectly, any action designed to cause or to result in the stabilization or manipulation of the price of any security of the Company to facilitate the sale or resale of any of the Shares.

4.35. Bad Actor Disqualification. None of the Company, any predecessor or affiliated issuer of the Company nor, to the Company’s Knowledge, any director or executive officer of the Company or any promoter connected with the Company in any capacity, is subject to any of the “bad actor” disqualifications within the meaning of Rule 506(d) under the 1933 Act, except for a disqualification event covered by Rule 506(d)(2) or (d)(3).

4.36. Disclosure. Except with respect to the material terms and conditions of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents, the Company confirms that neither it nor, to the Company’s Knowledge, any other Person acting on its behalf has provided any of the Investors with any information that it believes constitutes material, non-public information that will not otherwise be disclosed in the SEC Filings on or prior to the Closing Date. The Company understands and confirms that the Investors will rely on the foregoing representation in effecting transactions in securities of the Company.

4.37. Required Filings. Except for the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, including the acquisition of the Shares contemplated hereby and the use of proceeds contemplated hereby, no event or circumstance has occurred or information exists with respect to the Company or its business, properties, operations or financial condition, which, under applicable law, rule or regulation, requires public disclosure or announcement by the Company but which has not been so publicly announced or disclosed.

4.38. General. No representation or warranty by the Company in this Agreement or any certificate or other document furnished or to be furnished to Investor pursuant to this Agreement contains any untrue statement of a material fact, or omits to state a material fact necessary to make the statements contained therein, in light of the circumstances in which they are made, not misleading. To the Company’s Knowledge, there is no event or circumstance that the Company has not disclosed to Investor which could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.

4.39. Acknowledgement Regarding Investors’ Trading Activity. The Company acknowledges and agrees that (i) none of the Investors has been asked to agree, nor has any Investor agreed, to desist from purchasing or selling, long and/or short, securities of the Company, or “derivative” securities based on securities issued by the Company or to hold the Shares for any specified term; (ii) any Investor, and counter-parties in “derivative” transactions to which any such Investor is a party, directly or indirectly, presently may have a “short” position in the Shares, and (iii) each Investor shall not be deemed to have any affiliation with or control over any arm’s length counter-party in any “derivative” transaction. The Company further understands and acknowledges that one or more Investors may engage in hedging and/or trading activities at various times during the period that the Shares are outstanding and (b) such hedging and/or trading activities, if any, can reduce the value of the existing stockholders’ equity interest in the Company both at and after the time the hedging and/or trading activities are being conducted. The Company acknowledges that such aforementioned hedging and/or trading activities do not constitute a breach of this Agreement or any of the documents executed in connection herewith.

5. Representations and Warranties of the Investors. Each of the Investors hereby severally, and not jointly, represents and warrants to the Company that:

5.1. Organization and Existence. Such Investor is a validly existing corporation, limited partnership or limited liability company and has all requisite corporate, partnership or limited liability company power and authority to enter into and consummate the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents and to carry out its obligations hereunder and thereunder, and to invest in the Shares pursuant to this Agreement.

5.2. Authorization. The execution, delivery and performance by such Investor of the Transaction Documents to which such Investor is a party have been duly authorized and each has been duly executed and when delivered will constitute the valid and legally binding obligation of such Investor, enforceable against such Investor in accordance with their respective terms, subject to bankruptcy, insolvency, fraudulent transfer, reorganization, moratorium and similar laws of general applicability, relating to or affecting creditors’ rights generally.

5.3. Purchase Entirely for Own Account. The Shares to be received by such Investor hereunder will be acquired for such Investor’s own account, not as nominee or agent, and not with a view to the resale or distribution of any part thereof in violation of the 1933 Act, and such Investor has no present intention of selling, granting any participation in, or otherwise distributing the same in violation of the 1933 Act without prejudice, subject however, to such Investor’s right at all times to sell or otherwise dispose of all or any part of such Shares in compliance with applicable federal and state securities laws. Nothing contained herein shall be deemed a representation or warranty by such Investor to hold the Shares for any period of time. Such Investor is not a broker-dealer registered with the SEC under the 1934 Act or an entity engaged in a business that would require it to be so registered.

5.4. Investment Experience. Such Investor acknowledges that it can bear the economic risk and complete loss of its investment in the Shares and has such knowledge and experience in financial or business matters that it is capable of evaluating the merits and risks of the investment contemplated hereby.

5.5. Disclosure of Information. Such Investor has had an opportunity to receive, review and understand all information related to the Company requested by it and to ask questions of and receive answers from the Company regarding the Company, its business and the terms and conditions of the offering of the Shares, and has conducted and completed its own independent due diligence. Such Investor acknowledges receipt of copies of the SEC Filings. Based on the information such Investor has deemed appropriate, and without reliance upon the Financial Advisor, it has independently made its own analysis and decision to enter into the Transaction Documents. Such Investor is relying exclusively on its own investment analysis and due diligence (including professional advice it deems appropriate) with respect to the execution, delivery and performance of the Transaction Documents, the Shares and the business, condition (financial and otherwise), management, operations, properties and prospects of the Company, including but not limited to all business, legal, regulatory, accounting, credit and tax matters. Neither such inquiries nor any other due diligence investigation conducted by such Investor shall modify, limit or otherwise affect such Investor’s right to rely on the Company’s representations and warranties contained in this Agreement.

5.6. Restricted Securities. Such Investor understands that the Shares are characterized as “restricted securities” under the U.S. federal securities laws inasmuch as they are being acquired from the Company in a transaction not involving a public offering and that under such laws and applicable regulations such securities may be resold without registration under the 1933 Act only in certain limited circumstances.

5.7. Legends. It is understood that, except as provided below, certificates or book entry accounts evidencing the Shares may bear the following or any similar legend:

“The securities represented hereby have not been registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission or the securities commission of any state in reliance upon an exemption from registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and, accordingly, may not be transferred unless (i) such securities have been registered for sale pursuant to the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, (ii) such securities may be sold pursuant to Rule 144, or (iii) the Company has received an opinion of counsel reasonably satisfactory to it that such transfer may lawfully be made without registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. NOTWITHSTANDING THE FOREGOING, THE SECURITIES MAY BE PLEDGED IN CONNECTION WITH A BONA FIDE MARGIN ACCOUNT OR OTHER LOAN OR FINANCING ARRANGEMENT SECURED BY THE SECURITIES.”

If required by the authorities of any state in connection with the issuance of sale of the Shares, the legend required by such state authority.

5.8. Accredited Investor. Such Investor is an “accredited investor” within the meaning of Rule 501 under the 1933 Act and has executed and delivered to the Company an Investor Questionnaire with respect to such Investor, which such Investor represents and warrants is true, correct and complete. Such investor is a sophisticated institutional investor with sufficient knowledge and experience in investing in private equity transactions to properly evaluate the risks and merits of its purchase of the Shares. Such Investor has determined based on its own independent review and such professional advice as it deems appropriate that its purchase of the Shares and participation in the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents (i) are fully consistent with its financial needs, objectives and condition, (ii) comply and are fully consistent with all investment policies, guidelines and other restrictions applicable to such Investor, (iii) have been duly authorized and approved by all necessary action, and (iv) are a fit, proper and suitable investment for such Investor, notwithstanding the substantial risks inherent in investing in or holding the Shares.

5.9. Financial Advisor. Such Investor hereby acknowledges and agrees that (a) the Financial Advisor is acting solely as financial advisor in connection with the execution, delivery and performance of the Transaction Documents and is not acting as an underwriter or in any other capacity and is not and shall not be construed as a fiduciary for such Investor, the Company or any other person or entity in connection with the execution, delivery and performance of the Transaction Documents, (b) the Financial Advisor has not made nor will it make any representation or warranty, whether express or implied, of any kind or character and has not provided any advice or recommendation in connection with the execution, delivery and performance of the Transaction Documents, (c) the Financial Advisor will not have any responsibility with respect to (i) any representations, warranties or agreements made by any person or entity under or in connection with the execution, delivery and performance of the Transaction Documents, or the execution, legality, validity or enforceability (with respect to any person) thereof, or (ii) the business, affairs, financial condition, operations, properties or prospects of, or any other matter concerning the Company, and (d) the Financial Advisor will not have any liability or obligation (including without limitation, for or with respect to any losses, claims, damages, obligations, penalties, judgments, awards, liabilities, costs, expenses or disbursements incurred by such Investor, the Company or any other person or entity), whether in contract, tort or otherwise, to such Investor, or to any person claiming through it, in respect of the execution, delivery and performance of the Transaction Documents.

5.10. No General Solicitation. Such Investor did not learn of the investment in the Shares as a result of any general solicitation or general advertising.

5.11. Brokers and Finders. No Person will have, as a result of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents, any valid right, interest or claim against or upon the Company or an Investor for any commission, fee or other compensation pursuant to any agreement, arrangement or understanding entered into by or on behalf of such Investor.

5.12. Short Sales and Confidentiality Prior to the Date Hereof. Such Investor has not, nor has any Person acting on behalf of or pursuant to any understanding with such Investor, directly or indirectly executed any purchases or sales, including Short Sales, of the securities of the Company during the period commencing as of the time that such Investor was first contacted by the Company, the Financial Advisor or any other Person regarding the transactions contemplated hereby and ending immediately prior to the date hereof. Other than to other Persons party to this Agreement, such Investor has maintained the confidentiality of all disclosures made to it in connection with this transaction (including the existence and terms of this transaction).

5.13. No Government Recommendation or Approval. Such Investor understands that no United States federal or state agency, or similar agency of any other country, has reviewed, approved, passed upon, or made any recommendation or endorsement of the Company or the purchase of the Shares.

5.14. No Intent to Effect a Change of Control; Ownership. Such Investor has no present intent to effect a “change of control” of the Company as such term is understood under the rules promulgated pursuant to Section 13(d) of the 1934 Act. Except as set forth on Schedule 5.14 hereto, as of the date hereof, neither the Investor nor any of its Affiliates is the owner of record or the beneficial owner of shares of Common Stock or securities convertible into or exchangeable for Common Stock.

5.15. No Conflicts. The execution, delivery and performance by such Investor of the Transaction Documents and the consummation by such Investor of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby will not (i) result in a violation of the organizational documents of such Investor or (ii) conflict with, or constitute a default (or an event which with notice or lapse of time or both would become a default) under, or give to others any rights of termination, amendment, acceleration or cancellation of, any agreement, indenture or instrument to which such Investor is a party, or (iii) result in a violation of any law, rule, regulation, order, judgment or decree (including federal and state securities laws) applicable to such Investor, except in the case of clauses (ii) and (iii) above, for such conflicts, defaults, rights or violations which would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect on the ability of such Investor to perform its obligations hereunder.

5.16. No Rule 506 Disqualifying Activities. Such Investor has not taken any of the actions set forth in, and is not subject to, the disqualification provisions of Rule 506(d)(1) of the 1933 Act.

5.17. Residency. Such Investor is a resident of the jurisdiction specified below its address on the Schedule of Investors.

5.18. ERISA. If Investor is (1) an employee benefit plan subject to Title I of ERISA, (2) a plan or account subject to Section 4975 of the Code or (3) an entity deemed to hold “plan assets” of any such plan or account, Investor hereby represents and warrants, solely for purposes of assisting the Financial Advisor in relying on the exception from fiduciary status under U.S. Department of Labor Regulations set forth in Section 29 CFR 2510.3-21(c)(1), that a fiduciary acting on its behalf is causing the Investor to enter into this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby and that such fiduciary:

(a) is an entity specified in Section 29 CFR 2510.3-21(c)(1)(i)(A)-(E);

(b) is independent (for purposes of Section 29 CFR 2510.3-21(c)(1)) of the Financial Advisor;

(c) is capable of evaluating investment risks independently, both in general and with regard to particular transactions and investment strategies, including the Investor’s transaction hereunder;

(d) has been advised that, with respect to the Financial Advisor, neither the Financial Advisor nor any of its affiliates has undertaken or will undertake to provide impartial investment advice, or has given or will give advice in a fiduciary capacity, in connection with the Investor’s transactions contemplated hereby;

(e) is a “fiduciary” under Section 3(21)(a) of ERISA or Section 4975(e)(3) of the Code, or both, as applicable, with respect to, and is responsible for exercising independent judgment in evaluating, the Investor’s transactions contemplated hereby; and

(f) understands and acknowledges that no fees, compensation arrangements or financial interests provided for in connection with the transactions contemplated hereby is a fee or other compensation for the provision of investment advice, and that neither the Financial Advisor nor any of its affiliates, nor any of their respective directors, officers, members, partners, employees, principals or agents, has received or will receive a fee or other compensation from Investor or such fiduciary for the provision of investment advice in connection with the Investor’s transactions contemplated hereby.

6. Conditions to Closing.

6.1. Conditions to the Investors’ Obligations. The obligation of each Investor to purchase Shares at the Closing is subject to the fulfillment to such Investor’s satisfaction, on or prior to the Closing Date, of the following conditions, any of which may be waived by such Investor (as to itself only):

(a) The representations and warranties made by the Company in Section 4 hereof shall be true and correct in all material respects (except in the case of any representation or warranty qualified by materiality or Material Adverse Effect, which shall be true and correct in all respects) as of the date hereof and on the Closing Date, except to the extent any such representation or warranty expressly speaks as of an earlier date, in which case such representation or warranty shall be true and correct as of such earlier date. The Company shall have performed in all material respects all obligations and covenants herein required to be performed by it on or prior to the Closing Date.

(b) The Company shall have obtained any and all consents, permits, approvals, registrations and waivers necessary for consummation of the purchase and sale of the Shares and the consummation of the other transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents, all of which shall be in full force and effect.

(c) The Company shall have executed and delivered the Registration Rights Agreement.

(d) The Certificate of Designation for the Series D Stock shall have been filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware.

(e) No judgment, writ, order, injunction, award or decree of or by any court, or judge, justice or magistrate, including any bankruptcy court or judge, or any order of or by any governmental authority, shall have been issued, and no action or proceeding shall have been instituted by any governmental authority, enjoining or preventing the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby or in the other Transaction Documents.

(f) There shall have been no Material Adverse Effect with respect to the Company since the date hereof.

(g) The Company shall have delivered a certificate, executed on behalf of the Company by its Chief Executive Officer or its Chief Financial Officer, dated as of the Closing Date, certifying to the fulfillment of the conditions specified in subsections (a), (b), (d), (e), (f) and (i) of this Section 6.1.

(h) The Company shall have delivered a Certificate, executed on behalf of the Company by its Secretary, dated as of the Closing Date, certifying the resolutions adopted by the Board of Directors of the Company approving the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents and the issuance of the Shares, certifying the current version of the certificate of incorporation and bylaws of the Company and certifying as to the signatures and authority of persons signing the Transaction Documents and related documents on behalf of the Company.

(i) The Company shall have delivered the Escrow Agreement, dated as of or prior to the Closing Date, executed on behalf of the Company and the escrow agent party thereto, and the Company shall have delivered an amount equal to $500,000 to be delivered to the escrow agent via wire transfer of immediately available funds pursuant to the wire instructions delivered by the escrow agent to the Company.

(j) The Investors shall have received an opinion from Morgan, Lewis & Bockius LLP, counsel for the Company, dated as of the Closing Date, in form and substance reasonably acceptable to the Investors and addressing such legal matters as the Investors may reasonably request.

(k) No stop order or suspension of trading shall have been imposed by the SEC or any other governmental or regulatory body with respect to public trading in the Common Stock.

6.2. Conditions to Obligations of the Company. The Company’s obligation to sell and issue Shares at the Closing is subject to the fulfillment to the satisfaction of the Company on or prior to the Closing Date of the following conditions, any of which (other than 6.2(c)) may be waived by the Company:

(a) The representations and warranties made by the Investors in Section 5 hereof shall be true and correct in all material respects (except in the case of any representation or warranty qualified by materiality or Material Adverse Effect, which shall be true and correct in all respects) when made, and shall be true and correct in all material respects on the Closing Date with the same force and effect as if they had been made on and as of said date. The Investors shall have performed in all material respects all obligations and covenants herein required to be performed by them on or prior to the Closing Date.

(b) The Investors shall have executed and delivered the Registration Rights Agreement.

(c) Any Investor purchasing Shares at the Closing shall have paid in full its Subscription Amount to the Escrow Agent at the same time that the Company will issue the Shares to the Investor.

6.3. Termination of Obligations to Effect Closing; Effects.

(a) The obligations of the Company, on the one hand, and the Investors, on the other hand, to effect the Closing shall terminate as follows:

(i) Upon the mutual written consent of the Company and Investors that agreed to purchase a majority of the Shares to be issued and sold pursuant to this Agreement;

(ii) By the Company if any of the conditions set forth in Section 6.2 shall have become incapable of fulfillment, and shall not have been waived by the Company;

(iii) By an Investor (with respect to itself only) if any of the conditions set forth in Section 6.1 shall have become incapable of fulfillment, and shall not have been waived by the Investor;

provided, however, that, except in the case of clause (i) above, the party seeking to terminate its obligation to effect the Closing shall not then be in breach of any of its representations, warranties, covenants or agreements contained in this Agreement or the other Transaction Documents if such breach has resulted in the circumstances giving rise to such party’s seeking to terminate its obligation to effect the Closing.

(b) In the event of termination by the Company or any Investor of its obligations to effect the Closing pursuant to this Section 6.3, written notice thereof shall be given to the other Investors by the Company and the other Investors shall have the right to terminate their obligations to effect the Closing upon written notice to the Company and the other Investors. Nothing in this Section 6.3 shall be deemed to release any party from any liability for any breach by such party of the terms and provisions of this Agreement or the other Transaction Documents or to impair the right of any party to compel specific performance by any other party of its obligations under this Agreement or the other Transaction Documents.

7. Covenants and Agreements of the Company.

7.1. Information. From the date hereof until the Closing, the Company will make reasonably available to the Investors’ representatives, consultants and their respective counsels for inspection, such information and documents as the Investor reasonably requests, and will make available at reasonable times and to a reasonable extent officers and employees of the Company to discuss the business and affairs of the Company; provided, however, that in no event shall the Company be required to disclose material nonpublic information to the Investors, or to advisors to or representatives of the Investors.

7.2. Insurance. The Company shall not materially reduce the insurance coverages described in Section 4.24.

7.3. [Intentionally omitted]

7.4. Termination of Covenants. The provisions of Section 7.1 shall terminate and be of no further force and effect on the date on which the Company’s obligations under the Registration Rights Agreement to register or maintain the effectiveness of any registration covering the Registrable Securities (as such term is defined in the Registration Rights Agreement) shall terminate.

7.5. No Conflicting Agreements. The Company will not take any action, enter into any agreement or make any commitment that would conflict or interfere in any material respect with the Company’s obligations to the Investors under the Transaction Documents.

7.6. [Intentionally omitted]

7.7. Removal of Legends.

(a) In connection with any sale, assignment, transfer or other disposition of the Shares by an Investor pursuant to Rule 144 or pursuant to any other exemption under the 1933 Act such that the purchaser acquires freely tradable shares and upon compliance by the Investor with the requirements of this Agreement, if requested by the Investor, the Company shall cause the transfer agent for the Common Stock (the “Transfer Agent”) to timely remove any restrictive legends related to the book entry account holding such Shares and make a new, unlegended entry for such book entry Shares sold or disposed of without restrictive legends within two Business Days of the request of the Investor, provided that the Company has received from the Investor customary representations and other documentation reasonably acceptable to the Company in connection therewith.

(b) Subject to receipt from the Investor by the Company and the Transfer Agent of customary representations and other customary documentation reasonably acceptable to the Company and the Transfer Agent in connection therewith, upon the earliest of (i) the Shares being subject to an effective registration statement covering the resale of the Shares, (ii) such time as the Shares have been sold pursuant to Rule 144, or (iii) such time as the Shares are eligible for resale under Rule 144(b)(1) or any successor provision (such earliest date, the “Effective Date”), the Company shall (A) deliver to the Transfer Agent irrevocable instructions that the Transfer Agent shall make a new, unlegended entry for such book entry Shares, and (B) cause its counsel to deliver to the Transfer Agent, no later than two Trading Days after the Effective Date, one or more opinions to the effect that the removal of such legends in such circumstances may be effected under the 1933 Act if required by the Transfer Agent to effect the removal of the legend in accordance with such irrevocable instructions and the other applicable provisions of this Agreement. The Company agrees that following the Effective Date or at such time as such legend is no longer required under this Section 7.7, it will, no later than two Trading Days following the delivery by an Investor to the Company or the Transfer Agent of a certificate representing Shares issued with a restrictive legend, deliver or cause to be delivered to such Investor a certificate representing such shares that is free from all restrictive and other legends. The Company may not make any notation on its records or give instructions to the Transfer Agent that enlarge the restrictions on transfer set forth in this Section 7.7. Shares subject to legend removal hereunder shall be transmitted by the Transfer Agent to the Investor by crediting the account of the Investor’s prime broker with the DTC System as directed by such Investor. The Company shall be responsible for the fees of its Transfer Agent and all DTC fees associated with such issuance.

(c) Each Investor, severally and not jointly with the other Investors, agrees with the Company (i) that such Investor will sell any Shares pursuant to either the registration requirements of the 1933 Act, including any applicable prospectus delivery requirements, or an exemption therefrom, (ii) that if Shares are sold pursuant to a registration statement, they will be sold in compliance with the plan of distribution set forth therein and (iii) that if, after the effective date of the Registration Statement covering the resale of the Shares, such Registration Statement is not then effective and the Company has provided notice to such Investor to that effect, such Investor will sell shares only in compliance with an exemption from the registration requirements of the 1933 Act. Each Investor acknowledges that the removal of the restrictive legend from certificates representing Shares as set forth in this Section 7.7 is predicated upon the Company’s reliance upon this understanding and that any counsel to the Company will be entitled to rely on this acknowledgment in connection with the opinion(s) described in Section 7.7(b).

7.8. Subsequent Equity Sales.

(a) From the date hereof until ninety (90) days after the Closing Date, without the consent of the Required Investors, the Company shall not issue shares of Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents.

(b) From the date hereof until the earlier of (A) the date of which all shares of the Series D Stock are redeemed in accordance with their terms and (B) the date that is one hundred eighty (180) days following the Reverse Stock Split Date, the Company shall be prohibited from effecting or entering into an agreement to effect any issuance by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries of Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents (or a combination of units thereof) involving a Variable Rate Transaction. “Variable Rate Transaction” means a transaction in which the Company (i) issues or sells any debt or equity securities that are convertible into, exchangeable or exercisable for, or include the right to receive, additional shares of Common Stock either (A) at a conversion price, exercise price or exchange rate or other price that is based upon, and/or varies with, the trading prices of or quotations for the shares of Common Stock at any time after the initial issuance of such debt or equity securities or (B) with a conversion, exercise or exchange price that is subject to being reset at some future date after the initial issuance of such debt or equity security or upon the occurrence of specified or contingent events directly or indirectly related to the business of the Company or the market for the Common Stock or (ii) enters into, or effects a transaction under, any agreement, including, but not limited to, an equity line of credit, whereby the Company may issue securities at a future determined price. Any Purchaser shall be entitled to obtain injunctive relief against the Company to preclude any such issuance, which remedy shall be in addition to any right to collect damages.

(c) Until the Reverse Stock Split Date, neither the Company nor any Subsidiary shall make any issuance whatsoever of Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents. The Purchaser shall be entitled to obtain injunctive relief against the Company to preclude any such issuance, which remedy shall be in addition to any right to collect damages.

(d) Notwithstanding the foregoing, the provisions of this Section 7.8 shall not apply to (i) the issuance of the Shares hereunder, (ii) the issuance of shares of Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents upon the conversion or exercise of any securities of the Company outstanding on the date hereof or outstanding pursuant to clause (iii) below, or (iii) the issuance of any shares of Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents pursuant to any Company stock-based compensation plans in existence on the date hereof (each of (i), (ii) and (iii), an “Exempt Issuance”), except that no Variable Rate Transaction shall be an Exempt Issuance.

7.9. Use of Proceeds. The Company shall use the net proceeds from the sale of the Shares hereunder for the purpose set forth on Schedule 7.9 attached hereto following the Closing. Except as set forth on Schedule 7.9, the Company shall use the net proceeds from the sale of the Shares hereunder for working capital purposes and shall not use such proceeds: (a) for the satisfaction of any portion of the Company’s debt (other than payment of trade payables in the ordinary course of the Company’s business and prior practices), (b) for the redemption of any shares of Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents, (c) for the settlement of any outstanding litigation or (d) in violation of FCPA or OFAC regulations.

7.10. Pledge of Securities. The Company acknowledges and agrees that its Shares may be pledged by an Investor in connection with a bona fide margin agreement or other loan or financing arrangement that is secured by the Shares. The pledge of Shares shall not be deemed to be a transfer, sale or assignment of the Shares hereunder, and no Investor effecting a pledge of Shares shall be required to provide the Company with any notice thereof or otherwise make any delivery to the Company pursuant to this Agreement or any other Transaction Document; provided that an Investor and its pledgee shall be required to comply with the provisions of the Transaction Documents, including Section 7.8 hereof, in order to effect a sale, transfer or assignment of Shares to such pledgee.

7.11. Short Sales and Confidentiality After the Date Hereof. Each Investor covenants that neither it nor any Affiliates acting on its behalf or pursuant to any understanding with it will execute any Short Sales during the period from the date hereof until the earlier of such time as (i) after the transactions contemplated by this Agreement are first publicly announced or (ii) this Agreement is terminated in full. Each Investor covenants that until such time as the transactions contemplated by this Agreement are publicly disclosed by the Company, such Investor will maintain the confidentiality of all disclosures made to it in connection with this transaction (including the existence and terms of this transaction).

7.12. Adjustments in Share Numbers and Prices. In the event of any stock split, subdivision, dividend or distribution payable in shares of Common Stock (or other securities or rights convertible into, or entitling the holder thereof to receive directly or indirectly shares of Common Stock), combination or other similar recapitalization or event occurring after the date hereof and prior to the Closing, each reference in any Transaction Document to a number of shares or a price per share shall be deemed to be amended to appropriately account for such event.

7.13. Reservation and Listing of Securities.

(a) On and after the Reverse Stock Split Date, the Company shall maintain a reserve from its duly authorized shares of Common Stock for issuance pursuant to the Transaction Documents in such amount as may then be required to fulfill its obligations in full under the Transaction Documents. If, at any date after the Reverse Stock Split Date, the number of authorized but unissued (and otherwise unreserved) shares of Common Stock is less than the Required Minimum on such date, then the Board of Directors shall use commercially reasonable efforts to amend the Company’s certificate of incorporation to increase the number of authorized but unissued shares of Common Stock to at least the Required Minimum at such time, as soon as possible, and in any event not later than the 90^th day after such date; provided, that the Company shall not be obligated to hold a meeting of its stockholders to approve such an amendment more than once in every six (6) months.

(b) As soon as reasonably possible and, in any event, within four (4) days of the Closing Date, the Company will file a preliminary proxy statement with the SEC for purposes of holding a special meeting of stockholders to approve the Reverse Stock Split Amendment. Thereafter, unless the Company has received comments from the SEC to the preliminary proxy statement, the Company shall file a definitive proxy statement for such purposes within fifteen (15) days of the Closing Date. In the event the Company receives comments to the preliminary proxy statement from the SEC, the Company shall promptly and diligently respond to and use commercially reasonable efforts to resolve such comments. The Company shall keep the Investors reasonably informed of any such comments and responses. If the Company has Shares outstanding, the Company shall hold a special meeting of stockholders (which may also be at the annual meeting of stockholders) on or prior to May 31, 2022, for the purpose of obtaining the Stockholder Approval with the recommendation of the Company’s Board of Directors that such proposals are approved, and the Company shall solicit proxies from its stockholders in connection therewith in the same manner as all other management proposals in such proxy statement and all management-appointed proxyholders shall vote their proxies in favor of such proposals. The Company shall use its best efforts to obtain the Stockholder Approval. If the Company does not obtain the Stockholder Approval at the first meeting, the Company shall call a meeting at least every one hundred twenty (120) days thereafter to seek the Stockholder Approval until the date on which the Stockholder Approval is obtained. When the Company obtains the Stockholder Approval, the Company shall cause the Reverse Stock Split Amendment to become effective by filing such Reverse Stock Split Amendment with the State of Delaware as soon as practicable, but in no event later than one (1) Business Day following the Stockholder Approval. On the Reverse Stock Split Date, the Company shall file a Form 8-K disclosing that the Reverse Stock Split Amendment has been filed with and accepted by the State of Delaware.

(c) The Company shall, if applicable: (i) in the time and manner required by the principal Trading Market, prepare and file with such Trading Market an additional shares listing application covering a number of shares of Common Stock at least equal to the Required Minimum on the date of such application, (ii) take all steps necessary to cause such shares of Common Stock to be approved for listing or quotation on such Trading Market as soon as possible thereafter, (iii) provide to the Purchasers evidence of such listing or quotation and (iv) maintain for two (2) years the listing or quotation of such Common Stock on any date at least equal to the Required Minimum on such date on such Trading Market or another Trading Market. The Company agrees to maintain for two (2) years the eligibility of the Common Stock for electronic transfer through the Depository Trust Company or another established clearing corporation, including, without limitation, by timely payment of fees to the Depository Trust Company or such other established clearing corporation in connection with such electronic transfer.

7.14. Restrictions on Conversion and Voting of Series D Stock.

(a) From the date hereof up to and including the Reverse Stock Split Date, each Purchaser, severally and not jointly with the other Purchasers, covenants that such Purchaser will not convert any shares of Series D Stock and such Purchaser will not transfer, offer, sell, contract to sell, hypothecate, pledge or otherwise dispose of (or enter into any transaction which is designed to, or might reasonably be expected to, result in the disposition (whether by actual disposition or effective economic disposition due to cash settlement or otherwise)) any shares of Series D Stock.

(b) Each Purchaser covenants to (i) vote, and shall cause its Affiliates to vote, all shares of Series D Stock owned by such Purchaser or its Affiliates, as applicable, on any resolution presented to the stockholders of the Company for purposes of obtaining the Stockholder Approval and agrees that such shares of Series D Stock, when cast, shall automatically and without further action of the Purchaser be voted in a manner that “mirrors” the proportions on which the shares of Common Stock (excluding any shares of Common Stock that are not voted) are voted on the Reverse Stock Split Amendment; and (ii) promptly upon request by the Company, grant the Company (or its designee) an irrevocable proxy to vote all shares of Series D Stock in accordance with clause (i) above. For the avoidance of doubt, and for illustrative purposes only, if 30% of the aggregate votes cast by Common Stock voting in connection with the Reverse Stock Split Amendment are voted against such resolutions and 70% of the aggregate votes cast by Common Stock voting in connection with the Reverse Stock Split Amendment are voted in favor thereof, then 30% of the votes cast by the shares of Series D Stock voting in connection with the Reverse Stock Split Amendment shall vote against the approval of the Reverse Stock Split Amendment and 70% of such votes shall be cast in favor of such Reverse Stock Split Amendment.

8. Survival and Indemnification.

8.1. Survival. The representations, warranties, covenants, and agreements contained in this Agreement shall survive the Closing for a period of three hundred sixty five (365) days after the date hereof and thereafter shall have no further force and effect; provided that, subject to Section 7.4, the terms of Section 7.7 shall survive beyond such period until such time as no Investor holds any of the Shares.

8.2. Indemnification by the Company. The Company agrees to indemnify and hold harmless each of the Investors, the officers, directors, partners, members, and employees of each Investor, each Person who controls any such Investor (within the meaning of Section 15 of the 1933 Act or Section 20 of the 1934 Act) and the officers, directors, partners, members and employees of each such controlling Person (each, an “Investor Indemnified Party”), against any losses, claims, damages, liabilities or expenses, joint or several, to which such Investor Indemnified Party may become subject under the 1933 Act, the 1934 Act, or any other federal or state statutory law or regulation (including in settlement of any litigation, if such settlement is effected with the written consent of the Company), insofar as such losses, claims, damages, liabilities or expenses (or actions in respect thereof as contemplated below) arise out of or are based in whole or in part on the inaccuracy in the representations and warranties of the Company contained in this Agreement or the failure of the Company to perform its obligations hereunder, and will reimburse each Investor Indemnified Party for legal and other expenses reasonably incurred as such expenses are reasonably incurred by such Investor Indemnified Party in connection with investigating, defending, settling, compromising or paying such loss, claim, damage, liability, expense or action; provided, however, that the Company will not be liable in any such case to the extent that any such loss, claim, damage, liability or expense arises out of or is based upon (i) the failure of such Investor Indemnified Party (or its related parties) to comply with the covenants and agreements contained herein, or (ii) the inaccuracy of any representations made by such Investor Indemnified Party (or its related parties) herein.

8.3. Indemnification Procedure. Promptly after any Investor Indemnified Party has received notice of any indemnifiable claim hereunder, or the commencement of any action, suit or proceeding by a third Person, which the Investor Indemnified Party believes in good faith is an indemnifiable claim under this Agreement, the Investor Indemnified Party shall give the Company written notice of such claim or the commencement of such action, suit or proceeding, but failure to so notify the Company will not relieve the Company from any liability it may have to such Investor Indemnified Party hereunder except to the extent that the Company is materially prejudiced by such failure. Such notice shall state the nature and the basis of such claim to the extent then known. The Company shall have the right to defend and settle, at its own expense and by its own counsel who shall be reasonably acceptable to the Investor Indemnified Party, any such matter as long as the Company pursues the same diligently and in good faith. If the Company undertakes to defend or settle, it shall promptly notify the Investor Indemnified Party of its intention to do so, and the Investor Indemnified Party shall cooperate with the Company and its counsel in all commercially reasonable respects in the defense thereof and the settlement thereof. Such cooperation shall include, but shall not be limited to, furnishing the Company with any books, records and other information reasonably requested by the Company and in the Investor Indemnified Party’s possession or control. Such cooperation of the Investor Indemnified Party shall be at the cost of the Company. After the Company has notified the Investor Indemnified Party of its intention to undertake to defend or settle any such asserted liability, and for so long as the Company diligently pursues such defense, the Company shall not be liable for any additional legal expenses incurred by the Investor Indemnified Party in connection with any defense or settlement of such asserted liability; provided, however, that the Investor Indemnified Party shall be entitled (a) at its expense, to participate in the defense of such asserted liability and the negotiations of the settlement thereof and (b) if (i) the Company has failed to assume the defense or employ counsel reasonably acceptable to the Investor Indemnified Party or (ii) if the defendants in any such action include both the Investor Indemnified Party and the Company and counsel to the Investor Indemnified Party shall have concluded that there may be reasonable defenses available to the Investor Indemnified Party that are different from or in addition to those available to the Company or if the interests of the Investor Indemnified Party reasonably may be deemed to conflict with the interests of the Company, then the Investor Indemnified Party shall have the right to select a separate counsel and to assume such legal defense and otherwise to participate in the defense of such action, with the expenses and fees of such separate counsel and other expenses related to such participation to be reimbursed by the Company as incurred. Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, the Company shall not settle any indemnified claim without the consent of the Investor Indemnified Party, unless the settlement thereof imposes no liability or obligation on, and includes a complete release from liability of, and does not include any admission of wrongdoing or malfeasance by, the Investor Indemnified Party.

9. Miscellaneous.

9.1. Successors and Assigns. This Agreement may not be assigned by a party hereto without the prior written consent of the Company or the Investors, as applicable, provided, however, that an Investor may assign its rights and delegate its duties hereunder in whole or in part to an Affiliate or to a third party acquiring some or all of its Shares in a transaction complying with applicable securities laws without the prior written consent of the Company or the other Investors, provided such assignee agrees in writing to be bound by the provisions hereof that apply to Investors. The provisions of this Agreement shall inure to the benefit of and be binding upon the respective permitted successors and assigns of the parties. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, in the event that the Company is a party to a merger, consolidation, share exchange or similar business combination transaction in which the Common Stock are converted into the equity securities of another Person, from and after the effective time of such transaction, such Person shall, by virtue of such transaction, be deemed to have assumed the obligations of the Company hereunder, the term “Company” shall be deemed to refer to such Person and the term “Shares” shall be deemed to refer to the securities received by the Investors in connection with such transaction. Nothing in this Agreement, express or implied, is intended to confer upon any party other than the parties hereto or their respective permitted successors and assigns any rights, remedies, obligations, or liabilities under or by reason of this Agreement, except as expressly provided in this Agreement.

9.2. Counterparts; Faxes; E-mail. This Agreement may be executed in one or more counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original, but all of which together shall constitute one and the same instrument. This Agreement may also be executed via facsimile or e-mail, which shall be deemed an original.

9.3. Titles and Subtitles. The titles and subtitles used in this Agreement are used for convenience only and are not to be considered in construing or interpreting this Agreement.

9.4. Notices. Unless otherwise provided, any notice required or permitted under this Agreement shall be given in writing and shall be deemed effectively given as hereinafter described (i) if given by personal delivery, then such notice shall be deemed given upon such delivery, (ii) if given by e-mail, then such notice shall be deemed given when directed to an electronic mail address at which the stockholder has consented to receive notice, (iii) if given by mail, then such notice shall be deemed given upon the earlier of (A) receipt of such notice by the recipient or (B) three days after such notice is deposited in first class mail, postage prepaid, and (iv) if given by an internationally recognized overnight air courier, then such notice shall be deemed given one Business Day after delivery to such carrier. All notices shall be addressed to the party to be notified at the address as follows, or at such other address as such party may designate by ten days’ advance written notice to the other party:

If to the Company:

Advaxis, Inc.

9 Deer Park Drive, Suite K-1

Monmouth Junction, NJ 08852

Attn: Kenneth A. Berlin,

President and Chief Executive Officer

E-mail: berlin@advaxis.com

and

Attn: Igor Gitelman,

Vice President Finance

E-mail: gitelman@advaxis.com

With a copy (which shall not constitute notice) to:

Morgan, Lewis & Bockius LLP

1701 Market Street

Philadelphia, PA 19013

Attn: Justin W. Chairman, Esq.

E-mail: justin.chairman@morganlewis.com

If to the Investors:

to the addresses set forth on the signature pages hereto.

9.5. Expenses. The parties hereto shall pay their own costs and expenses in connection herewith regardless of whether the transactions contemplated hereby are consummated; it being understood that each of the Company and each Investor has relied on the advice of its own respective counsel. In the event that legal proceedings are commenced by any party to this Agreement against another party to this Agreement in connection with this Agreement or the other Transaction Documents, the party or parties which do not prevail in such proceedings shall severally, but not jointly, pay their pro rata share of the reasonable attorneys’ fees and other reasonable documented out-of-pocket costs and expenses incurred by the prevailing party in such proceedings.

9.6. Amendments and Waivers. Any term of this Agreement may be amended and the observance of any term of this Agreement may be waived (either generally or in a particular instance and either retroactively or prospectively), only with the written consent of the Company and (a) prior to the Closing, Investors that agreed to purchase a majority of the Shares to be issued and sold pursuant to this Agreement and (b) following the Closing, the Required Investors. Notwithstanding the foregoing, this Agreement may not be amended and the observance of any term of this Agreement may not be waived with respect to (i) any Investor without the written consent of such Investor unless such amendment or waiver applies to all Investors in the same fashion; or (ii) the Subscription amount of an Investor without the consent of such Investor. Any amendment or waiver effected in accordance with this paragraph shall be binding upon (i) prior to Closing, each Investor and (ii) following the Closing, each holder of any Shares purchased under this Agreement at the time outstanding, and in each case, each future holder of all such Shares and the Company.

9.7. Publicity. Except as set forth below, no public release or announcement concerning the transactions contemplated hereby shall be issued by the Company or the Investors without the prior written consent of the Company (in the case of a release or announcement by the Investors) or the Required Investors (in the case of a release or announcement by the Company) (which consents shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed), except as such release or announcement may be required by law or the applicable rules or regulations of any securities exchange or securities market. By 9:00 A.M. (New York City time) on the Trading Day immediately following the date of this Agreement, the Company shall issue a press release disclosing all material terms of transactions contemplated by this Agreement (the “Press Release”). No later than 5:30 p.m. (New York City time) on the fourth Business Day following the date of this Agreement, the Company will file a Current Report on Form 8-K (the “8-K”) attaching the press release described in the foregoing sentence as well as copies of the Transaction Documents. The parties acknowledge that from and after the filing of the 8-K, no Investor shall be in possession of any material, nonpublic information received from the Company or any of its respective officers, directors, employees or agents, regarding the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Agreements.

9.8. Third-Party Beneficiaries. Each of the Company and each Investor acknowledges and agrees that the Financial Advisor is a third-party beneficiary of the representations and warranties contained in Sections 4 and 5, respectively.

9.9. Severability. Any provision of this Agreement that is prohibited or unenforceable in any jurisdiction shall, as to such jurisdiction, be ineffective to the extent of such prohibition or unenforceability without invalidating the remaining provisions hereof but shall be interpreted as if it were written so as to be enforceable to the maximum extent permitted by applicable law, and any such prohibition or unenforceability in any jurisdiction shall not invalidate or render unenforceable such provision in any other jurisdiction. To the extent permitted by applicable law, the parties hereby waive any provision of law which renders any provision hereof prohibited or unenforceable in any respect.

9.10. Entire Agreement. This Agreement, including the signature pages, Exhibits and the Disclosure Schedules, and the other Transaction Documents constitute the entire agreement among the parties hereof with respect to the subject matter hereof and thereof and supersede all prior agreements and understandings, both oral and written, between the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof and thereof.

9.11. Further Assurances. The parties shall execute and deliver all such further instruments and documents and take all such other actions as may reasonably be required to carry out the transactions contemplated hereby and to evidence the fulfillment of the agreements herein contained.

9.12. Governing Law; Consent to Jurisdiction; Waiver of Jury Trial. This Agreement shall be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the internal laws of the State of New York without regard to the choice of law principles thereof. Each of the parties hereto irrevocably submits to the exclusive jurisdiction of the courts of the State of York located in New York County, and the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York for the purpose of any suit, action, proceeding or judgment relating to or arising out of this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby (each, a “Related Proceeding”). Service of process in connection with any such suit, action or proceeding may be served on each party hereto anywhere in the world by the same methods as are specified for the giving of notices under this Agreement. Each of the parties hereto irrevocably consents to the jurisdiction of any such court in any such suit, action or proceeding and to the laying of venue in such court. Each party hereto irrevocably waives any objection to the laying of venue of any such suit, action or proceeding brought in such courts and irrevocably waives any claim that any such suit, action or proceeding brought in any such court has been brought in an inconvenient forum. To the extent that the Company has or hereafter may acquire any immunity (on the grounds of sovereignty or otherwise) from the jurisdiction of any court or from any legal process with respect to itself or its property, the Company irrevocably waives, to the fullest extent permitted by law, such immunity in respect of any such suit, action or proceeding. EACH OF THE PARTIES HERETO WAIVES ANY RIGHT TO REQUEST A TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY LITIGATION WITH RESPECT TO THIS AGREEMENT AND REPRESENTS THAT COUNSEL HAS BEEN CONSULTED SPECIFICALLY AS TO THIS WAIVER.

9.13. Independent Nature of Investors’ Obligations and Rights. The obligations of each Investor under any Transaction Document are several and not joint with the obligations of any other Investor, and no Investor shall be responsible in any way for the performance of the obligations of any other Investor under any Transaction Document. The decision of each Investor to purchase Shares pursuant to the Transaction Documents has been made by such Investor independently of any other Investor. Nothing contained herein or in any Transaction Document, and no action taken by any Investor pursuant thereto, shall be deemed to constitute the Investors as a partnership, an association, a joint venture or any other kind of entity, or create a presumption that the Investors are in any way acting in concert or as a group with respect to such obligations or the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents. Each Investor acknowledges that no other Investor has acted as agent for such Investor in connection with making its investment hereunder and that no Investor will be acting as agent of such Investor in connection with monitoring its investment in the Shares or enforcing its rights under the Transaction Documents. Each Investor shall be entitled to independently protect and enforce its rights, including, without limitation, the rights arising out of this Agreement or out of the other Transaction Documents, and it shall not be necessary for any other Investor to be joined as an additional party in any proceeding for such purpose. The Company acknowledges that each of the Investors has been provided with the same Transaction Documents for the purpose of closing a transaction with multiple Investors and not because it was required or requested to do so by any Investor.

[remainder of page intentionally left blank]

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have executed this Agreement or caused their duly authorized officers to execute this Agreement as of the date first above written.

[remainder of page intentionally left blank]

EXHIBIT B

Form of Registration Rights Agreement

EXHIBIT C

Form of Investor Questionnaire

ADVAXIS, INC.

ACCREDITED INVESTOR QUALIFICATION QUESTIONNAIRE

This Questionnaire is being distributed to certain individuals and entities which may be offered the opportunity to purchase securities (the “Securities”) of Advaxis, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”). The purpose of this Questionnaire is to assure the Company that all such offers and purchases will meet the standards imposed by the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Act”), and applicable state securities laws.

All answers will be kept confidential. However, by signing this Questionnaire, the undersigned agrees that the Company and its counsel may rely on the information set forth in this Questionnaire for purposes of complying with all applicable securities laws and may present this Questionnaire to such parties as it reasonably deems appropriate if called upon to establish its compliance with such securities laws.

Please complete, sign, date and return one copy of this Questionnaire to _________ of Morgan, Lewis & Bockius, LLP, the Company’s legal counsel, via email (________). If the answer to a question is “none” or “not applicable,” please so state.

For Entity Investors

In the case of entities, this Questionnaire should be completed by the person who will be making the investment decision on behalf of the entity (the “Decision-Maker”). All questions should be completed with respect to the entity (i.e., “you” means the entity), unless otherwise directed.

1. Residence Information. Please provide the entity’s full legal name, primary business address, phone number, fax number, name and e-mail address of contact person, and federal tax I.D. number.

2. Domicile Information. Please indicate the form of the entity and the state and date of its organization (e.g., corporation, state and date of incorporation).

3. Accredited Investor Certification. The undersigned makes one of the following representations regarding its net worth and certain related matters and has checked the applicable representation:

¹ For purposes of this Questionnaire, “net worth” means the excess of total assets, excluding an individual’s primary residence, at fair market value over total liabilities, including such individual’s mortgage or any other liability secured by his or her primary residence only if and to the extent that it exceeds the value of the primary residence.

² For purposes of this Questionnaire, “income” means adjusted gross income, as reported for federal income tax purposes, increased by the following amounts:  (a) the amount of any tax exempt interest income received, (b) the amount of losses claimed as a limited partner in a limited partnership, (c) any deduction claimed for depletion, (d) amounts contributed to an IRA or Keogh retirement plan, (e) alimony paid, and (f) any amounts by which income from long-term capital gains has been reduced in arriving at adjusted gross income pursuant to the provisions of Section 1202 of the Internal Revenue Code.

³ See footnote 1.

The undersigned represents that the information contained herein is complete and accurate and may be relied upon by the Company, and that the undersigned will notify the Company of any material change in any of such information prior to the undersigned’s investment in the Company.

In Witness Whereof, the undersigned has executed this Investor Qualification Questionnaire as of the date written below.

Schedule 5.4

No Intent to Effect a Change of Control; Ownership

None

Schedule 7.9

Use of Proceeds

To fund clinical trials as well as working capital and for general corporate purposes.

Exhibit 10.2

REGISTRATION RIGHTS AGREEMENT

This REGISTRATION RIGHTS AGREEMENT (this “Agreement”) is made and entered into as of January __, 2022 by and among Advaxis, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), and the “Investors” named in that certain Securities Purchase Agreement, dated as of the date hereof, by and among the Company and the Investors (the “Purchase Agreement”). Capitalized terms used herein have the respective meanings ascribed thereto in the Purchase Agreement unless otherwise defined herein.

The parties hereby agree as follows:

1. Certain Definitions.

As used in this Agreement, the following terms shall have the following meanings:

“Closing Date” means the date of the closing of the transactions contemplated under the Purchase Agreement.

“Investors” means the Investors identified in the Purchase Agreement and any Affiliate or permitted transferee of any Investor who is a subsequent holder of Registrable Securities.

“Prospectus” means (i) the prospectus included in any Registration Statement, as amended or supplemented by any prospectus supplement, with respect to the terms of the offering of any portion of the Registrable Securities covered by such Registration Statement and by all other amendments and supplements to the prospectus, including post-effective amendments and all material incorporated by reference in such prospectus, and (ii) any “free writing prospectus” as defined in Rule 405 under the 1933 Act.

“Register,” “registered” and “registration” refer to a registration made by preparing and filing a Registration Statement or similar document in compliance with the 1933 Act, and the declaration or ordering of effectiveness of such Registration Statement or document.

“Registrable Securities” means (i) the Shares and (ii) any other securities issued or issuable with respect to or in exchange for Registrable Securities, whether by merger, charter amendment or otherwise; provided, that, a security shall cease to be a Registrable Security upon the first to occur of (A) a Registration Statement with respect to the sale of such Registrable Securities being declared effective by the SEC under the 1933 Act and such Registrable Securities having been disposed of by the holder thereof in accordance with such effective Registration Statement, (B) such Registrable Securities having been previously sold in accordance with Rule 144 (or another exemption from the registration requirements of the 1933 Act), and (C) such securities becoming eligible for resale without volume or manner-of-sale restrictions and without current public information requirements pursuant to Rule 144 as set forth in a written opinion letter to such effect, addressed, delivered and acceptable to the Transfer Agent and the affected holders (assuming that such securities and any securities issuable upon exercise, conversion or exchange of which, or as a dividend upon which, such securities were issued or are issuable, were at no time held by any Affiliate of the Company), as reasonably determined by the Company, upon the advice of counsel to the Company and the Transfer Agent has issued certificates or book entries for such Registrable Securities to the holder thereof, or as such holder may direct, without any restrictive legend.

“Registration Statement” means any registration statement of the Company under the 1933 Act that covers the resale of any of the Registrable Securities pursuant to the provisions of this Agreement, amendments and supplements to such Registration Statement, including post-effective amendments, all exhibits and all material incorporated by reference in such Registration Statement.

“Required Investors” means the Investors holding a majority of the Registrable Securities outstanding from time to time.

“SEC” means the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission.

“SEC Guidance” means (i) any publicly-available written or oral guidance of the SEC staff, or any comments, requirements or requests of the SEC staff and (ii) the 1933 Act.

“Shares” means the shares of the Company’s Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share, that may be issued upon conversion of shares of the Company’s Series D Convertible Redeemable Preferred Stock, par value $0.001 per share, purchased by the Investors pursuant to the Purchase Agreement.

2. Registration.

(a) Registration Statements.

(i) No later than sixty (60) calendar days after the first date on which Shares are issued upon the conversion of shares of Series D Convertible Redeemable Preferred Stock (the “Filing Deadline”), the Company shall prepare and file with the SEC one Registration Statement covering the resale of all of the Registrable Securities which, for the avoidance of doubt, may also register the sale or issuance of primary securities. Subject to any SEC comments, such Registration Statement shall include the plan of distribution, substantially in the form and substance set forth in Exhibit A hereto. Such Registration Statement also shall cover, to the extent allowable under the 1933 Act and the rules promulgated thereunder (including Rule 416), such indeterminate number of additional shares of Common Stock resulting from stock splits, stock dividends or similar transactions with respect to the Registrable Securities. Such Registration Statement (and each amendment or supplement thereto, and each request for acceleration of effectiveness thereof) shall be provided in accordance with Section 3(c) to the Investors prior to its filing or other submission. If a Registration Statement covering the Registrable Securities is not filed with the SEC on or prior to the 10th Business Day following the Filing Deadline, the Company will make pro rata payments to each Investor, as liquidated damages and not as a penalty, in an amount equal to 1% of the aggregate amount paid pursuant to the Purchase Agreement by such Investor for such Registrable Securities then held by such Investor for each 30-day period or pro rata for any portion thereof following the Filing Deadline for which no Registration Statement is filed with respect to the Registrable Securities. Such payments shall constitute the Investors’ exclusive monetary remedy for such events, but shall not affect the right of the Investors to seek injunctive relief. Such payments shall be made to each Investor in cash no later than five (5) Business Days after the end of each 30-day period (the “Payment Date”). Interest shall accrue at the rate of 1% per month on any such liquidated damages payments that shall not be paid by the Payment Date until such amount is paid in full.

(ii) The Company shall take reasonable efforts to register the Registrable Securities on Form S-3 if such form is available for use by the Company, provided that if at such time the Registration Statement is on Form S-1, the Company shall maintain the effectiveness of the Registration Statement then in effect until such time as a Registration Statement on Form S-3 covering the Registrable Securities has been declared effective by the SEC.

(b) Expenses. The Company will pay all expenses associated with any Registration Statement, including filing and printing fees, the Company’s counsel and accounting fees and expenses, costs associated with clearing the Registrable Securities for sale under applicable state securities laws, listing fees, fees and expenses of one counsel to the Investors and the Investors’ reasonable expenses in connection with the registration, but excluding discounts, commissions and fees of underwriters, selling brokers, dealer managers or similar securities industry professionals with respect to the Registrable Securities being sold. Except as provided in Section 6 hereof, the Company shall not be responsible for legal fees incurred by holders of Registrable Securities in connection with the performance of its rights and obligations under the Transaction Documents.

(c) Effectiveness.

(i) The Company shall use commercially reasonable efforts to have the Registration Statements declared effective as soon as reasonably practicable after the filing thereof. The Company shall notify the Investors by facsimile or e-mail as promptly as practicable, and in any event, within twenty-four (24) hours, after any Registration Statement is declared effective and shall simultaneously provide the Investors with access to a copy of any related Prospectus to be used in connection with the sale or other disposition of the securities covered thereby. Subject to Section 2(d), if (A) a Registration Statement covering the Registrable Securities is not declared effective by the SEC prior to the earlier of (i) five (5) Business Days after the SEC informs the Company that no review of such Registration Statement will be made or that the SEC has no further comments on such Registration Statement and (ii) the 90^th day after the first date on which Shares are issued upon the conversion of shares of Series D Convertible Redeemable Preferred Stock (the “Effectiveness Deadline”), or (B) after a Registration Statement has been declared effective by the SEC, sales cannot be made pursuant to such Registration Statement for any reason (including without limitation by reason of a stop order, or the Company’s failure to update such Registration Statement), but excluding any Allowed Delay (as defined below) or, if the Registration Statement is on Form S-1, for a period of twenty (20) days following the date on which the Company files a post-effective amendment to incorporate the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (a “Maintenance Failure”), then the Company will make pro rata payments to each Investor then holding Registrable Securities, as liquidated damages and not as a penalty, in an amount equal to 1% of the aggregate amount paid pursuant to the Purchase Agreement by such Investor for such Registrable Securities then held by such Investor for each 30-day period or pro rata for any portion thereof following the date by which such Registration Statement should have been effective (the “Blackout Period”). Such payments shall constitute the Investors’ exclusive monetary remedy for such events, but shall not affect the right of the Investors to seek injunctive relief. The amounts payable as liquidated damages pursuant to this paragraph shall be paid no later than five (5) Business Days after each such 30-day period following the commencement of the Blackout Period until the termination of the Blackout Period (the “Blackout Period Payment Date”). Such payments shall be made to each Investor in cash. Interest shall accrue at the rate of 1% per month on any such liquidated damages payments that shall not be paid by the Blackout Payment Date until such amount is paid in full.

(ii) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, (i) the Company shall not be required to file a Registration Statement (or any amendment thereto) or, if a Registration Statement has been filed but not declared effective by the SEC, request effectiveness of such Registration Statement, for a period of up to forty-five (45) days (or, in the case of clause (D) below, sixty (60) days), if (A) the Company determines in good faith that a postponement is in the best interest of the Company and its stockholders generally due to a pending transaction involving the Company (including a pending securities offering by the Company, or any proposed financing, acquisition, merger, tender offer, business combination, corporate reorganization, consolidation or other significant transaction involving the Company), (B) the Company determines such registration would render the Company unable to comply with applicable securities laws, (C) the Company determines such registration would require disclosure of material information that the Company has a bona fide business purpose for preserving as confidential, or (D) audited financial statements as of a date other than the fiscal year end of the Company would be required to be prepared; and (ii) the Company may, upon written notice to any holder of Registrable Securities included in a Registration Statement, suspend the use of any Registration Statement, including any Prospectus that forms a part of a Registration Statement, if the Company (X) determines that it would be required to make disclosure of material information in the Registration Statement that the Company has a bona fide business purpose for preserving as confidential, (Y) the Company determines it must amend or supplement the Registration Statement or the related Prospectus so that such Registration Statement or Prospectus shall not include an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in the case of the Prospectus in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading or (Z) the Company has experienced or is experiencing some other material non-public event, including a pending transaction involving the Company, the disclosure of which at such time, in the good faith judgment of the Company, would adversely affect the Company; provided, however, in no event shall holders of Registrable Securities be suspended from selling Registrable Securities pursuant to the Registration Statement for a period that exceeds 45 consecutive Trading Days or 60 total Trading Days in any 180-day period (any such suspension contemplated by this Section 2(c)(ii), an “Allowed Delay”). Upon disclosure of such information or the termination of the condition described above, the Company shall provide prompt notice to holders whose Registrable Securities are included in the Registration Statement, and shall promptly terminate any suspension of sales it has put into effect and shall take such other reasonable actions to permit registered sales of Registrable Securities as contemplated hereby.

(d) Rule 415; Cutback. If at any time the SEC takes the position that the offering of some or all of the Registrable Securities in a Registration Statement is not eligible to be made on a delayed or continuous basis under the provisions of Rule 415 under the 1933 Act (provided, however, the Company shall be obligated to use commercially reasonable efforts to advocate with the SEC for the registration of all of the Registrable Securities in accordance with the SEC Guidance, including without limitation, Compliance and Disclosure Interpretation 612.09) or requires any Investor to be named as an “underwriter,” the Company shall (i) promptly notify each holder of Registrable Securities thereof and (ii) make commercially reasonable efforts to persuade the SEC that the offering contemplated by such Registration Statement is a valid secondary offering and not an offering “by or on behalf of the issuer” as defined in Rule 415 and that none of the Investors is an “underwriter.” The Investors shall have the right to select one legal counsel designated by the holders of a majority of the Registrable Securities, at such Investors’ expense, to review and oversee any registration or matters pursuant to this Section 2(d), including participation in any meetings or discussions with the SEC regarding the SEC’s position and to comment on any written submission made to the SEC with respect thereto. No such written submission with respect to this matter shall be made to the SEC to which the Investors’ counsel reasonably objects. In the event that, despite the Company’s commercially reasonable efforts and compliance with the terms of this Section 2(d), the SEC refuses to alter its position, the Company shall (i) remove from such Registration Statement such portion of the Registrable Securities (the “Cut Back Shares”) and/or (ii) agree to such restrictions and limitations on the registration and resale of the Registrable Securities as the SEC may require to assure the Company’s compliance with the requirements of Rule 415 (collectively, the “SEC Restrictions”). Any cut-back imposed on the Investors pursuant to this Section 2(d) shall be allocated among the Investors on a pro rata basis and shall be applied first to any of the Registrable Securities of such Investor as such Investor shall designate, unless the SEC Restrictions otherwise require or provide or the Investors otherwise agree. No liquidated damages shall accrue as to any Cut Back Shares until such date as the Company is able to effect the registration of such Cut Back Shares in accordance with any SEC Restrictions applicable to such Cut Back Shares (such date, the “Restriction Termination Date”). In furtherance of the foregoing, each Investor shall provide the Company with prompt written notice of its sale of substantially all of the Registrable Securities under such Registration Statement such that the Company will be able to file one or more additional Registration Statements covering the Cut Back Shares. From and after the Restriction Termination Date applicable to any Cut Back Shares, all of the provisions of this Section 2 (including the Company’s obligations with respect to the filing of a Registration Statement and its obligations to use reasonable efforts to have such Registration Statement declared effective within the time periods set forth herein and the liquidated damages provisions relating thereto) shall again be applicable to such Cut Back Shares; provided, however, that (i) the Filing Deadline for such Registration Statement including such Cut Back Shares shall be ten (10) Business Days after such Restriction Termination Date, and (ii) the date by which the Company is required to obtain effectiveness with respect to such Cut Back Shares shall be the 60th day immediately after the Restriction Termination Date (or the 120th day if the SEC reviews such Registration Statement).

(e) Other Limitations. Notwithstanding any other provision herein or in the Purchase Agreement, (i) the Filing Deadline and each Effectiveness Deadline for a Registration Statement shall be extended and any Maintenance Failure shall be automatically waived by no action of the Investors, in each case, without default by or liquidated damages payable by the Company hereunder in the event that the Company’s failure to make such filing or obtain such effectiveness or a Maintenance Failure results from the failure of an Investor to timely provide the Company with information requested by the Company and necessary to complete a Registration Statement in accordance with the requirements of the 1933 Act (in which case any such deadline would be extended, and a Maintenance Failure waived, with respect to all Registrable Securities until such time as the Investor provides such requested information) and (ii) in no event shall the aggregate amount of liquidated damages (or interest thereon) paid under this Agreement exceed, in the aggregate, 10% of the aggregate purchase price of the Shares.

3. Company Obligations. The Company will use commercially reasonable efforts to effect the registration of the Registrable Securities in accordance with the terms hereof, and pursuant thereto the Company will, as expeditiously as possible:

(a) use commercially reasonable efforts to cause such Registration Statement to become effective and to remain continuously effective until such time as there are no longer Registrable Securities held by the Investors (the “Effectiveness Period”) and advise the Investors promptly in writing when the Effectiveness Period has expired;

(b) prepare and file with the SEC such amendments and post-effective amendments to such Registration Statement and the related Prospectus as may be necessary to keep such Registration Statement effective for the Effectiveness Period and to comply with the provisions of the 1933 Act and the 1934 Act with respect to the distribution of all of the Registrable Securities covered thereby;

(c) provide via email to the Investors who have supplied the Company with email addresses each Registration Statement and all amendments and supplements thereto not less than three (3) Trading Days prior to their filing with the SEC and reflect in each such document when so filed with the SEC such comments regarding the Investors and the plan of distribution as the Investors may reasonably and promptly propose no later than two (2) Trading Days after the Investors have been so furnished with copies of such documents as aforesaid;

(d) furnish to each Investor whose Registrable Securities are included in any Registration Statement (i) promptly after the same is prepared and filed with the SEC, if requested by the Investor, one (1) copy of any Registration Statement and any amendment thereto, each preliminary prospectus and Prospectus and each amendment or supplement thereto, and each letter written by or on behalf of the Company to the SEC or the staff of the SEC, and each item of correspondence from the SEC or the staff of the SEC, in each case relating to such Registration Statement (other than any portion of any thereof which contains information for which the Company has sought confidential treatment), and (ii) such number of copies of a Prospectus, including a preliminary prospectus, and all amendments and supplements thereto and such other documents as each Investor may reasonably request in order to facilitate the disposition of the Registrable Securities owned by such Investor;

(e) use commercially reasonable efforts to (i) prevent the issuance of any stop order or other suspension of effectiveness and, (ii) if such order is issued, obtain the withdrawal of any such order at the earliest possible moment;

(f) prior to any public offering of Registrable Securities, use commercially reasonable efforts to register or qualify or cooperate with the Investors and their counsel in connection with the registration or qualification of such Registrable Securities for the offer and sale under the securities or blue sky laws of such jurisdictions requested by the Investors and do any and all other commercially reasonable acts or things necessary or advisable to enable the distribution in such jurisdictions of the Registrable Securities covered by the Registration Statement; provided, however, that the Company shall not be required in connection therewith or as a condition thereto to (i) qualify to do business in any jurisdiction where it would not otherwise be required to qualify but for this Section 3(f), (ii) subject itself to general taxation in any jurisdiction where it would not otherwise be so subject but for this Section 3(f), or (iii) file a general consent to service of process in any such jurisdiction;

(g) use commercially reasonable efforts to cause all Registrable Securities covered by a Registration Statement to be listed on each securities exchange, interdealer quotation system or other market on which similar securities issued by the Company are then listed;

(h) promptly notify the Investors, at any time prior to the end of the Effectiveness Period, upon discovery that, or upon the happening of any event as a result of which, the Prospectus includes an untrue statement of a material fact or omits to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading in light of the circumstances then existing, and promptly prepare, file with the SEC and furnish to such holder a supplement to or an amendment of such Prospectus as may be necessary so that such Prospectus shall not include an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading in light of the circumstances then existing;

(i) otherwise use reasonable efforts to comply with all applicable rules and regulations of the SEC under the 1933 Act and the 1934 Act, including, without limitation, Rule 172 under the 1933 Act, file any final Prospectus, including any supplement or amendment thereof, with the SEC pursuant to Rule 424 under the 1933 Act, promptly inform the Investors in writing if, at any time during the Effectiveness Period, the Company does not satisfy the conditions specified in Rule 172 and, as a result thereof, the Investors are required to deliver a Prospectus in connection with any disposition of Registrable Securities and take such other actions as may be reasonably necessary to facilitate the registration of the Registrable Securities hereunder; and

(j) with a view to making available to the Investors the benefits of Rule 144 (or its successor rule) and any other rule or regulation of the SEC that may at any time permit the Investors to sell Shares to the public without registration, the Company covenants and agrees to: (i) make and keep public information available, as those terms are understood and defined in Rule 144, until the earlier of (A) six months after such date as all of the Registrable Securities may be sold without restriction by the holders thereof pursuant to Rule 144 or any other rule of similar effect or (B) such date as there are no longer Registrable Securities; (ii) file with the SEC in a timely manner all reports and other documents required of the Company under the 1934 Act; and (iii) furnish electronically to each Investor upon request, as long as such Investor owns any Registrable Securities, (A) a written statement by the Company that it has complied with the reporting requirements of the 1934 Act, (B) a copy of or electronic access to the Company’s most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K or Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, and (C) such other information as may be reasonably requested in order to avail such Investor of any rule or regulation of the SEC that permits the selling of any such Registrable Securities without registration.

4. Due Diligence Review; Information. The Company shall, upon reasonable prior notice, make available, during normal business hours, for inspection and review by the Investors, advisors to and representatives of the Investors (who may or may not be affiliated with the Investors and who are reasonably acceptable to the Company) (collectively, the “Inspectors”), all pertinent financial and other records, and all other corporate documents and properties of the Company (collectively, the “Records”) as may be reasonably necessary for the purpose of such review, and cause the Company’s officers, directors and employees, within a reasonable time period, to supply all such information reasonably requested by the Inspectors (including, without limitation, in response to all questions and other inquiries reasonably made or submitted by any of them), prior to and from time to time after the filing and effectiveness of such Registration Statement for the sole purpose of enabling such Investor and its accountants and attorneys to conduct initial and ongoing due diligence with respect to the Company and the accuracy of such Registration Statement; provided, however, that each Inspector shall agree to hold in strict confidence and shall not make any disclosure (except to such Investor) or use of any Record or other information which the Company determines in good faith to be confidential, and of which determination the Inspectors are so notified, unless (a) the disclosure of such Records is necessary to avoid or correct a misstatement or omission in any Registration Statement or is otherwise required under the 1933 Act, (b) the release of such Records is ordered pursuant to a final, non-appealable subpoena or order from a court or government body of competent jurisdiction, or (c) the information in such Records has been made generally available to the public other than by disclosure in violation of this or any other Transaction Document. Each Investor agrees that it shall, upon learning that disclosure of such Records is sought in or by a court or governmental body of competent jurisdiction or through other means, give prompt notice to the Company and allow the Company, at its expense, to undertake appropriate action to prevent disclosure of, or to obtain a protective order for, the Records deemed confidential. Nothing herein (or in any other confidentiality agreement between the Company and any Investor) shall be deemed to limit the Investors’ ability to sell Registrable Securities in a manner which is otherwise consistent with applicable laws and regulations.

Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company shall not disclose material nonpublic information to the Investors, or to advisors to or representatives of the Investors, unless prior to disclosure of such information the Company identifies such information as being material nonpublic information and provides the Investors, such advisors and representatives with the opportunity to accept or refuse to accept such material nonpublic information for review and any Investor wishing to obtain such information enters into an appropriate confidentiality agreement with the Company with respect thereto.

5. Obligations of the Investors.

(a) Each Investor shall execute and deliver a Selling Stockholder Questionnaire, in the form set forth as Exhibit B hereto, no later than fifteen (15) days after the Closing Date. Each Investor shall additionally furnish in writing to the Company such other information regarding itself, the Registrable Securities held by it and the intended method of disposition of the Registrable Securities held by it, as shall be reasonably required to effect the registration of such Registrable Securities and shall execute such documents in connection with such registration as the Company may reasonably request. At least five (5) Business Days prior to the first anticipated filing date of any Registration Statement, the Company shall notify each Investor of the additional information the Company requires from such Investor if such Investor elects to have any of the Registrable Securities included in such Registration Statement (the “Registration Information Notice”). An Investor shall provide such information to the Company no later than two (2) Business Days following receipt of a Registration Information Notice if such Investor elects to have any of the Registrable Securities included in such Registration Statement. It is agreed and understood that it shall be a condition precedent to the obligations of the Company to complete the registration pursuant to this Agreement with respect to the Registrable Securities of a particular Investor that (i) such Investor furnish to the Company such information regarding itself, the Registrable Securities held by it and the intended method of disposition of the Registrable Securities held by it as shall be reasonably required to effect the effectiveness of the registration of such Registrable Securities, and (ii) the Investor execute such documents in connection with such registration as the Company may reasonably request, including, without limitation, a waiver of its registration rights hereunder to the extent an Investor elects not to have any of its Registrable Securities included in a Registration Statement.

(b) Each Investor, by its acceptance of the Registrable Securities, agrees to cooperate with the Company as reasonably requested by the Company in connection with the preparation and filing of a Registration Statement hereunder, unless such Investor has notified the Company in writing of its election to exclude all of its Registrable Securities from such Registration Statement.

(c) Each Investor agrees that, upon receipt of any notice from the Company of either (i) the commencement of an Allowed Delay pursuant to Section 2(c)(ii) or (ii) the happening of an event pursuant to Section 3(h) hereof, such Investor will immediately discontinue disposition of Registrable Securities pursuant to any Registration Statement covering such Registrable Securities, until the Investor is advised by the Company that such dispositions may again be made.

(d) Each Investor covenants and agrees that it will comply with the prospectus delivery requirements of the 1933 Act as applicable to it or an exemption therefrom in connection with sales of Registrable Securities pursuant to any Registration Statement.

6. Indemnification.

(a) Indemnification by the Company. The Company will indemnify and hold harmless each Investor and its officers, directors, members, managers, partners, trustees, employees and agents and other representatives, successors and assigns, and each other person, if any, who controls such Investor within the meaning of the 1933 Act, against any losses, claims, damages or liabilities, joint or several, to which they may become subject under the 1933 Act or otherwise, insofar as such losses, claims, damages or liabilities (or actions in respect thereof) arise out of or are based upon any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission of any material fact contained in any Registration Statement, any preliminary Prospectus or final Prospectus, or any amendment or supplement thereof; provided, however, that the Company will not be liable in any such case if and to the extent that any such loss, claim, damage or liability arises out of or is based upon (i) an untrue statement or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission so made in conformity with information furnished by such Investor or any such controlling person in writing specifically for use in such Registration Statement or Prospectus, (ii) the use by an Investor of an outdated or defective Prospectus after the Company has notified such Investor in writing that such Prospectus is outdated or defective or (iii) an Investor’s failure to send or give a copy of the Prospectus or supplement (as then amended or supplemented), if required (and not exempted) to the Persons asserting an untrue statement or omission or alleged untrue statement or omission at or prior to the written confirmation of the sale of Registrable Securities.

(b) Indemnification by the Investors. Each Investor agrees, severally but not jointly, to indemnify and hold harmless, to the fullest extent permitted by law, the Company, its directors, officers, employees, stockholders and each person who controls the Company (within the meaning of the 1933 Act) against any losses, claims, damages, liabilities and expense (including reasonable attorney fees) resulting from any untrue statement of a material fact or any omission of a material fact required to be stated in any Registration Statement or Prospectus or preliminary Prospectus or amendment or supplement thereto or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, to the extent, but only to the extent, that such untrue statement or omission is contained in any information regarding such Investor and furnished in writing by such Investor to the Company specifically for inclusion in such Registration Statement or Prospectus or amendment or supplement thereto. In no event shall the liability of an Investor be greater than the dollar amount of the proceeds (net of all expenses paid by such Investor in connection with any claim relating to this Section 6 and the amount of any damages such Investor has otherwise been required to pay by reason of such untrue statement or omission) received by such Investor upon the sale of the Registrable Securities included in such Registration Statement giving rise to such indemnification obligation.

(c) Conduct of Indemnification Proceedings. Any person entitled to indemnification hereunder shall (i) give prompt notice to the indemnifying party of any claim with respect to which it seeks indemnification and (ii) permit such indemnifying party to assume the defense of such claim with counsel reasonably satisfactory to the indemnified party; provided that any person entitled to indemnification hereunder shall have the right to employ separate counsel and to participate in the defense of such claim, but the fees and expenses of such counsel shall be at the expense of such person unless (a) the indemnifying party has agreed to pay such fees or expenses, (b) the indemnifying party shall have failed to assume the defense of such claim and employ counsel reasonably satisfactory to such person or (c) in the reasonable judgment of any such person, based upon written advice of its counsel, a conflict of interest exists between such person and the indemnifying party with respect to such claims (in which case, if the person notifies the indemnifying party in writing that such person elects to employ separate counsel at the expense of the indemnifying party, the indemnifying party shall not have the right to assume the defense of such claim on behalf of such person); and provided, further that the failure of any indemnified party to give notice as provided herein shall not relieve the indemnifying party of its obligations hereunder, except to the extent that such failure to give notice shall materially adversely affect the indemnifying party in the defense of any such claim or litigation. It is understood that the indemnifying party shall not, in connection with any proceeding in the same jurisdiction, be liable for fees or expenses of more than one separate firm of attorneys at any time for all such indemnified parties. No indemnifying party will, except with the consent of the indemnified party, which shall not be unreasonably withheld or conditioned, consent to entry of any judgment or enter into any settlement that does not include as an unconditional term thereof the giving by the claimant or plaintiff to such indemnified party of a release from all liability in respect of such claim or litigation.

(d) Contribution. If for any reason the indemnification provided for in the preceding paragraphs (a) and (b) is unavailable to an indemnified party or insufficient to hold it harmless, other than as expressly specified therein, then the indemnifying party shall contribute to the amount paid or payable by the indemnified party as a result of such loss, claim, damage or liability in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect the relative fault of the indemnified party and the indemnifying party, as well as any other relevant equitable considerations. No person guilty of fraudulent misrepresentation within the meaning of Section 11(f) of the 1933 Act shall be entitled to contribution from any person not guilty of such fraudulent misrepresentation. In no event shall the contribution obligation of a holder of Registrable Securities be greater in amount than the dollar amount of the proceeds (net of all expenses paid by such holder in connection with any claim relating to this Section 6 and the amount of any damages such holder has otherwise been required to pay by reason of such untrue or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission) received by it upon the sale of the Registrable Securities giving rise to such contribution obligation.

7. Miscellaneous.

(a) Amendments and Waivers. This Agreement may be amended only by a writing signed by the Company and the Required Investors. The Company may take any action herein prohibited, or omit to perform any act herein required to be performed by it, only if the Company shall have obtained the written consent to such amendment, action or omission to act, of the Required Investors.

(b) Notices. All notices and other communications provided for or permitted hereunder shall be made as set forth in Section 9.4 of the Purchase Agreement, mutatis mutandis.

(c) Assignments and Transfers by Investors. The provisions of this Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the Investors and their respective successors and permitted assigns. An Investor may transfer or assign, in whole or from time to time in part, to one or more persons its rights hereunder in connection with the transfer of Registrable Securities by such Investor to such person, provided that (i) the Investor agrees in writing with the transferee or assignee to assign such rights and a copy of such agreement is furnished to the Company within a reasonable time after such assignment; (ii) the Company is, within a reasonable time after such transfer or assignment, furnished with written notice of (A) the name and address of such transferee or assignee and (B) the securities with respect to which such registration rights are being transferred or assigned; (iii) immediately following such transfer or assignment the further disposition of such securities by the transferee or assignee is restricted under the 1933 Act or applicable state securities laws; (iv) at or before the time the Company receives the written notice contemplated by clause (ii) of this sentence the transferee or assignee agrees in writing with the Company to be bound by all of the provisions contained herein; (v) such transfer shall have been made in accordance with the applicable requirements of the Purchase Agreement and (vi) unless the transferee or assignee is an Affiliate of, and after such transfer or assignment continues to be an Affiliate of, such Investor, the amount of Registrable Securities transferred or assigned to such transferee or assignee represents at least $5.0 million of Registrable Securities (based on the then-current market price of the Common Stock).

(d) Assignments and Transfers by the Company. This Agreement may not be assigned by the Company without the prior written consent of the Required Investors, provided, however, that in the event that the Company is a party to a merger, consolidation, share exchange or similar business combination transaction (including without limitation the Merger) in which the Common Stock is converted into the equity securities of another Person, from and after the effective time of such transaction, such Person shall, by virtue of such transaction, be deemed to have assumed the obligations of the Company hereunder, the term “Company” shall be deemed to refer to such Person and the term “Registrable Securities” shall be deemed to include the securities received by the Investors in connection with such transaction unless such securities are otherwise freely tradable by the Investors after giving effect to such transaction.

(e) Benefits of the Agreement. The terms and conditions of this Agreement shall inure to the benefit of and be binding upon the respective permitted successors and assigns of the parties. Nothing in this Agreement, express or implied, is intended to confer upon any party other than the parties hereto or their respective successors and assigns any rights, remedies, obligations, or liabilities under or by reason of this Agreement, except as expressly provided in this Agreement.

(f) Counterparts; Faxes. This Agreement may be executed in two or more counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original, but all of which together shall constitute one and the same instrument. This Agreement may also be executed via facsimile, which shall be deemed an original.

(g) Titles and Subtitles. The titles and subtitles used in this Agreement are used for convenience only and are not to be considered in construing or interpreting this Agreement.

(h) Severability. Any provision of this Agreement that is prohibited or unenforceable in any jurisdiction shall, as to such jurisdiction, be ineffective to the extent of such prohibition or unenforceability without invalidating the remaining provisions hereof but shall be interpreted as if it were written so as to be enforceable to the maximum extent permitted by applicable law, and any such prohibition or unenforceability in any jurisdiction shall not invalidate or render unenforceable such provision in any other jurisdiction. To the extent permitted by applicable law, the parties hereby waive any provision of law which renders any provisions hereof prohibited or unenforceable in any respect.

(i) Further Assurances. The parties shall execute and deliver all such further instruments and documents and take all such other actions as may reasonably be required to carry out the transactions contemplated hereby and to evidence the fulfillment of the agreements herein contained.

(j) Entire Agreement. This Agreement, together with the Purchase Agreement, constitutes the sole and entire agreement of the parties to this Agreement with respect to the subject matter contained herein, and is intended by the parties as a final expression of their agreement and intended to be a complete and exclusive statement of the understanding of the parties hereto in respect of the subject matter contained herein. This Agreement supersedes all prior agreements and understandings between the parties with respect to such subject matter.

(k) Governing Law; Consent to Jurisdiction; Waiver of Jury Trial. This Agreement shall be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the internal laws of the State of New York without regard to the choice of law principles thereof. Each of the parties hereto irrevocably submits to the exclusive jurisdiction of the courts of the State of New York located in New York County, and the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York for the purpose of any suit, action, proceeding or judgment relating to or arising out of this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby (each, a “Related Proceeding”). Service of process in connection with any such suit, action or proceeding may be served on each party hereto anywhere in the world by the same methods as are specified for the giving of notices under this Agreement. Each of the parties hereto irrevocably consents to the jurisdiction of any such court in any such suit, action or proceeding and to the laying of venue in such court. Each party hereto irrevocably waives any objection to the laying of venue of any such suit, action or proceeding brought in such courts and irrevocably waives any claim that any such suit, action or proceeding brought in any such court has been brought in an inconvenient forum. To the extent that the Company has or hereafter may acquire any immunity (on the grounds of sovereignty or otherwise) from the jurisdiction of any court or from any legal process with respect to itself or its property, the Company irrevocably waives, to the fullest extent permitted by law, such immunity in respect of any such suit, action or proceeding. EACH OF THE PARTIES HERETO WAIVES ANY RIGHT TO REQUEST A TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY LITIGATION WITH RESPECT TO THIS AGREEMENT AND REPRESENTS THAT COUNSEL HAS BEEN CONSULTED SPECIFICALLY AS TO THIS WAIVER.

(l) Independent Nature of Investors’ Obligations and Rights. The obligations of each Investor hereunder are several and not joint with the obligations of any other Investor hereunder, and no Investor shall be responsible in any way for the performance of the obligations of any other Holder hereunder. Nothing contained herein or in any other agreement or document delivered at any closing, and no action taken by any Investor pursuant hereto or thereto, shall be deemed to constitute the Investors as a partnership, an association, a joint venture or any other kind of group or entity, or create a presumption that the Investors are in any way acting in concert or as a group or entity with respect to such obligations or the transactions contemplated by this Agreement or any other matters, and the Company acknowledges that the Investors are not acting in concert or as a group, and the Company shall not assert any such claim, with respect to such obligations or transactions. Each Investor shall be entitled to protect and enforce its rights, including without limitation the rights arising out of this Agreement, and it shall not be necessary for any other Investor to be joined as an additional party in any proceeding for such purpose. The use of a single agreement with respect to the obligations of the Company contained was solely in the control of the Company, not the action or decision of any Investor, and was done solely for the convenience of the Company and not because it was required or requested to do so by any Investor. It is expressly understood and agreed that each provision contained in this Agreement is between the Company and an Investor, solely, and not between the Company and the Investors collectively and not between and among Investor.

[remainder of page intentionally left blank]

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have executed this Agreement or caused their duly authorized officers to execute this Agreement as of the date first above written.

Exhibit A

Plan of Distribution

We are registering the shares of common stock previously issued to permit the resale of these shares of the common stock by the holders thereof from time to time after the date of this prospectus. We will not receive any of the proceeds from the sale by the selling stockholders of shares of the common stock. We will bear all fees and expenses incident to our obligation to register the shares of the common stock, except that, if the shares of the common stock are sold through underwriters or broker-dealers, the selling stockholders will be responsible for underwriting discounts or commissions or agent’s commissions.

The selling stockholders may sell all or a portion of the shares of common stock beneficially owned by them and offered hereby from time to time directly or through one or more underwriters, broker-dealers or agents. The shares of common stock may be sold in one or more transactions at fixed prices, at prevailing market prices at the time of the sale, at varying prices determined at the time of sale, or at negotiated prices. These sales may be effected in transactions, which may involve crosses or block transactions,

If the selling stockholders effect such transactions by selling shares of common stock to or through underwriters, broker-dealers or agents, such underwriters, broker-dealers or agents may receive commissions in the form of discounts, concessions or commissions from the selling stockholders or commissions from purchasers of shares of common stock for whom they may act as agent or to whom they may sell as principal (which discounts, concessions or commissions as to particular underwriters, broker-dealers or agents may be in excess of those customary in the types of transactions involved). In connection with sales of shares of common stock or otherwise, the selling stockholders may enter into hedging transactions with broker-dealers, which may in turn engage in short sales of shares of the common stock in the course of hedging in positions they assume. The selling stockholders may also sell shares of the common stock short and deliver shares of the common stock covered by this prospectus to close out short positions and to return borrowed shares in connection with such short sales. The selling stockholders may also loan or pledge shares of the common stock to broker-dealers that in turn may sell such shares.

The selling stockholders may pledge or grant a security interest in some or all of the shares of the common stock owned by them and, if they default in the performance of their secured obligations, the pledgees or secured parties may offer and sell shares of the common stock from time to time pursuant to this prospectus or other applicable provisions of the Securities Act, amending, if necessary, the list of selling stockholders to include the pledgee, transferee or other successors in interest as selling stockholders under this prospectus. The selling stockholders also may transfer and donate shares of the common stock in other circumstances in which case the transferees, donees, pledgees or other successors in interest will be the selling beneficial owners for purposes of this prospectus.

The selling stockholders and any broker-dealer participating in the distribution of shares of the common stock may be deemed to be “underwriters” within the meaning of the Securities Act, and any commission paid, or any discounts or concessions allowed to, any such broker-dealer may be deemed to be underwriting commissions or discounts under the Securities Act. At the time a particular offering of shares of the common stock is made, a prospectus supplement, if required, will be distributed which will set forth the aggregate amount of shares of the common stock being offered and the terms of the offering, including the name or names of any broker-dealers or agents, any discounts, commissions and other terms constituting compensation from the selling stockholders and any discounts, commissions or concessions allowed or reallowed or paid to broker-dealers.

Under the securities laws of some states, shares of the common stock may be sold in such states only through registered or licensed brokers or dealers. In addition, in some states shares of the common stock may not be sold unless such shares have been registered or qualified for sale in such state or an exemption from registration or qualification is available and is complied with.

There can be no assurance that any selling stockholder will sell any or all of the shares of the common stock registered pursuant to the registration statement, of which this prospectus forms a part.

The selling stockholders and any other person participating in such distribution will be subject to applicable provisions of the Exchange Act, and the rules and regulations thereunder, including, without limitation, Regulation M of the Exchange Act, which may limit the timing of purchases and sales of any of the shares of the common stock by the selling stockholders and any other participating person. Regulation M may also restrict the ability of any person engaged in the distribution of shares of the common stock to engage in market-making activities with respect to shares of the common stock. All of the foregoing may affect the marketability of shares of the common stock and the ability of any person or entity to engage in market-making activities with respect to shares of the common stock.

We will pay all expenses of the registration of shares of the common stock pursuant to the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part, including, without limitation, SEC filing fees and expenses of compliance with state securities or “blue sky” laws; provided, however, that the selling stockholders will pay all underwriting discounts and selling commissions, if any. We will indemnify the selling stockholders against liabilities, including some liabilities under the Securities Act, or the selling stockholders will be entitled to contribution. We may be indemnified by the selling stockholders against civil liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act, that may arise from any written information furnished to us by the selling stockholder specifically for use in this prospectus or we may be entitled to contribution.

Once sold under the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part, shares of the common stock will be freely tradable in the hands of persons other than our affiliates.

Exhibit B

Selling Stockholder Questionnaire