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Table of Contents

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
FORM 10-Q
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2021
OR
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from              to             .
Commission file number: 001-35346
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
 APTIV PLC
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Jersey   98-1029562
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)   (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
5 Hanover Quay
Grand Canal Dock
Dublin, D02 VY79, Ireland
(Address of principal executive offices, including zip code)
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code) 353-1-259-7013
(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report) N/A
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each class Trading symbol(s) Name of each exchange on which registered
Ordinary Shares. $0.01 par value per share APTV New York Stock Exchange
5.50% Mandatory Convertible Preferred Shares, Series A, $0.01 par value per share APTV PRA New York Stock Exchange
1.500% Senior Notes due 2025 APTV New York Stock Exchange
4.250% Senior Notes due 2026 APTV New York Stock Exchange
1.600% Senior Notes due 2028 APTV New York Stock Exchange
4.350% Senior Notes due 2029 APTV New York Stock Exchange
4.400% Senior Notes due 2046 APTV New York Stock Exchange
5.400% Senior Notes due 2049 APTV New York Stock Exchange
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes      No  
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).    Yes      No  
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer   Accelerated filer
Non-accelerated filer   Smaller reporting company
Emerging growth company
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes      No  
The number of the registrant’s ordinary shares outstanding, $0.01 par value per share as of July 30, 2021, was 270,507,574.


Table of Contents

APTIV PLC
INDEX 
    Page
Part I - Financial Information
Item 1.
3
4
5
6
7
9
43
Item 2.
44
Item 3.
66
Item 4.
67
Part II - Other Information
Item 1.
68
Item 1A.
68
Item 2.
68
Item 6.
68
69
Exhibits

2

Table of Contents

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
APTIV PLC
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (Unaudited)
Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30,
  2021 2020 2021 2020
  (in millions, except per share amounts)
Net sales $ 3,807  $ 1,960  $ 7,830  $ 5,186 
Operating expenses:
Cost of sales 3,205  1,947  6,501  4,672 
Selling, general and administrative 266  217  521  469 
Amortization 37  35  74  71 
Restructuring (Note 7)
14  72  20  100 
Gain on autonomous driving joint venture (Note 17)
—  —  —  (1,434)
Total operating expenses 3,522  2,271  7,116  3,878 
Operating income (loss) 285  (311) 714  1,308 
Interest expense (38) (44) (78) (87)
Other (expense) income, net (Note 16)
—  (6) (7)
Income (loss) before income taxes and equity loss 247  (361) 637  1,214 
Income tax (expense) benefit (28) 14  (76)
Income (loss) before equity loss 219  (347) 561  1,218 
Equity loss, net of tax (53) (18) (95) (16)
Net income (loss) 166  (365) 466  1,202 
Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interest (4)
Net income (loss) attributable to Aptiv 163  (366) 458  1,206 
Mandatory convertible preferred share dividends (Note 12)
(16) (3) (32) (3)
Net income (loss) attributable to ordinary shareholders $ 147  $ (369) $ 426  $ 1,203 
Basic net income (loss) per share:
Basic net income (loss) per share attributable to ordinary shareholders $ 0.54  $ (1.43) $ 1.58  $ 4.69 
Weighted average number of basic shares outstanding 270.49  258.03  270.40  256.77 
Diluted net income (loss) per share (Note 12):
Diluted net income (loss) per share attributable to ordinary shareholders $ 0.54  $ (1.43) $ 1.57  $ 4.66 
Weighted average number of diluted shares outstanding 271.06  258.21  271.10  258.59 
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
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APTIV PLC
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (Unaudited)
Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30,
  2021 2020 2021 2020
  (in millions)
Net income (loss) $ 166  $ (365) $ 466  $ 1,202 
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Currency translation adjustments 43  19  (49) (112)
Net change in unrecognized gain (loss) on derivative instruments, net of tax (Note 14)
76  (2) (77)
Employee benefit plans adjustment, net of tax 23  30  10 
Other comprehensive income (loss) 71  98  (21) (179)
Comprehensive income (loss) 237  (267) 445  1,023 
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests (8)
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Aptiv $ 233  $ (269) $ 437  $ 1,031 
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
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APTIV PLC
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
June 30, 2021 December 31,
2020
(Unaudited)
  (in millions)
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents $ 2,926  $ 2,821 
Restricted cash 52  32 
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $44 million and $40 million, respectively (Note 2)
2,654  2,812 
Inventories (Note 3)
1,801  1,297 
Other current assets (Note 4)
622  503 
Total current assets 8,055  7,465 
Long-term assets:
Property, net 3,193  3,301 
Operating lease right-of-use assets 378  380 
Investments in affiliates 1,908  2,011 
Intangible assets, net (Note 2)
1,021  1,091 
Goodwill (Note 2)
2,547  2,580 
Other long-term assets (Note 4)
678  694 
Total long-term assets 9,725  10,057 
Total assets $ 17,780  $ 17,522 
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Short-term debt (Note 8)
$ 16  $ 90 
Accounts payable 2,574  2,571 
Accrued liabilities (Note 5)
1,315  1,385 
Total current liabilities 3,905  4,046 
Long-term liabilities:
Long-term debt (Note 8)
4,031  4,011 
Pension benefit obligations 503  525 
Long-term operating lease liabilities 295  300 
Other long-term liabilities (Note 5)
521  540 
Total long-term liabilities 5,350  5,376 
Total liabilities 9,255  9,422 
Commitments and contingencies (Note 10)
Shareholders’ equity:
Preferred shares, $0.01 par value per share, 50,000,000 shares authorized; 11,500,000 shares of 5.50% Mandatory Convertible Preferred Shares, Series A, issued and outstanding as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020
—  — 
Ordinary shares, $0.01 par value per share, 1,200,000,000 shares authorized, 270,507,574 and 270,025,374 issued and outstanding as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively
Additional paid-in-capital 3,909  3,897 
Retained earnings 4,976  4,550 
Accumulated other comprehensive loss (Note 13)
(566) (545)
Total Aptiv shareholders’ equity 8,322  7,905 
Noncontrolling interest 203  195 
Total shareholders’ equity 8,525  8,100 
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity $ 17,780  $ 17,522 
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
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APTIV PLC
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Unaudited)
Six Months Ended June 30,
  2021 2020
  (in millions)
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income $ 466  $ 1,202 
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation 316  293 
Amortization 74  71 
Amortization of deferred debt issuance costs
Restructuring expense, net of cash paid (28) 13 
Deferred income taxes (22)
Pension and other postretirement benefit expenses 24  20 
Loss from equity method investments, net of dividends received 99  16 
Loss on modification of debt
Loss on sale of assets — 
Share-based compensation 57  12 
Gain on autonomous driving joint venture, net —  (1,434)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable, net 160  734 
Inventories (501) 74 
Other assets (63)
Accounts payable 23  (902)
Accrued and other long-term liabilities (53) 12 
Other, net (24) (38)
Pension contributions (12) (16)
Net cash provided by operating activities 549  55 
Cash flows from investing activities:
Capital expenditures (261) (372)
Proceeds from sale of property / investments
Cost of business acquisitions and other transactions, net of cash acquired (45) (27)
Cost of technology investments (1) — 
Settlement of derivatives (9)
Net cash used in investing activities (314) (394)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Net repayments under other short-term debt agreements (12) (200)
Net repayments under other long-term debt agreements (8) (20)
Fees related to modification of debt agreements (6) (18)
Proceeds from the public offering of ordinary shares, net of issuance costs —  1,115 
Proceeds from the public offering of preferred shares, net of issuance costs —  1,115 
Dividend payments of consolidated affiliates to minority shareholders —  (6)
Repurchase of ordinary shares —  (57)
Distribution of mandatory convertible preferred share cash dividends (32) — 
Distribution of ordinary share cash dividends —  (56)
Taxes withheld and paid on employees’ restricted share awards (45) (33)
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities (103) 1,840 
Effect of exchange rate fluctuations on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash (7) (13)
Increase in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash 125  1,488 
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of the period 2,853  429 
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of the period $ 2,978  $ 1,917 
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
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APTIV PLC
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY (Unaudited)
Three Months Ended June 30,
Ordinary Shares Preferred Shares
Number of shares Amount of shares Number of shares Amount of shares Additional Paid in Capital Retained Earnings Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss Total Aptiv Shareholders’ Equity Noncontrolling Interest Total Shareholders’ Equity
2021 (in millions)
Balance at March 31, 2021 270  $ 12  $ —  $ 3,881  $ 4,829  $ (636) $ 8,077  $ 199  $ 8,276 
Net income —  —  —  —  —  163  —  163  166 
Other comprehensive income
—  —  —  —  —  —  70  70  71 
Mandatory convertible preferred share cumulative dividends —  —  —  —  —  (16) —  (16) —  (16)
Share-based compensation
—  —  —  28  —  —  28  —  28 
Balance at June 30, 2021 271  $ 12  $ —  $ 3,909  $ 4,976  $ (566) $ 8,322  $ 203  $ 8,525 
2020
Balance at March 31, 2020 255  $ —  $ —  $ 1,606  $ 4,353  $ (991) $ 4,971  $ 182  $ 5,153 
Net (loss) income —  —  —  —  —  (366) —  (366) (365)
Other comprehensive income —  —  —  —  —  —  97  97  98 
Mandatory convertible preferred share cumulative dividends —  —  —  —  —  (3) —  (3) —  (3)
Issuance of ordinary shares 15  —  —  —  1,115  —  —  1,115  —  1,115 
Issuance of mandatory convertible preferred shares —  —  12  —  1,115  —  —  1,115  —  1,115 
Share-based compensation
—  —  —  —  13  —  —  13  —  13 
Balance at June 30, 2020 270  $ 12  $ —  $ 3,849  $ 3,984  $ (894) $ 6,942  $ 184  $ 7,126 

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Six Months Ended June 30,
Ordinary Shares Preferred Shares
  Number of shares Amount of shares Number of shares Amount of shares Additional Paid in Capital Retained Earnings Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss Total Aptiv Shareholders’ Equity Noncontrolling Interest Total Shareholders’ Equity
2021 (in millions)
Balance at January 1, 2021 270  $ 12  $ —  $ 3,897  $ 4,550  $ (545) $ 7,905  $ 195  $ 8,100 
Net income —  —  —  —  —  458  —  458  466 
Other comprehensive loss
—  —  —  —  —  —  (21) (21) —  (21)
Mandatory convertible preferred share cumulative dividends —  —  —  —  —  (32) —  (32) —  (32)
Taxes withheld on employees’ restricted share award vestings
—  —  —  —  (45) —  —  (45) —  (45)
Share-based compensation
—  —  —  57  —  —  57  —  57 
Balance at June 30, 2021 271  $ 12  $ —  $ 3,909  $ 4,976  $ (566) $ 8,322  $ 203  $ 8,525 
2020
Balance at January 1, 2020 255  $ —  $ —  $ 1,645  $ 2,890  $ (719) $ 3,819  $ 192  $ 4,011 
Net income (loss) —  —  —  —  —  1,206  —  1,206  (4) 1,202 
Other comprehensive loss —  —  —  —  —  —  (175) (175) (4) (179)
Dividends on ordinary shares —  —  —  —  (57) —  (56) —  (56)
Mandatory convertible preferred share cumulative dividends —  —  —  —  —  (3) —  (3) —  (3)
Taxes withheld on employees’ restricted share award vestings
—  —  —  —  (33) —  —  (33) —  (33)
Repurchase of ordinary shares
(1) —  —  —  (6) (51) —  (57) —  (57)
Issuance of ordinary shares 15  —  —  —  1,115  —  —  1,115  —  1,115 
Issuance of mandatory convertible preferred shares —  —  12  —  1,115  —  —  1,115  —  1,115 
Share-based compensation
—  —  —  12  —  —  12  —  12 
Adjustment for recently adopted accounting pronouncements
—  —  —  —  —  (1) —  (1) —  (1)
Balance at June 30, 2020 270  $ 12  $ —  $ 3,849  $ 3,984  $ (894) $ 6,942  $ 184  $ 7,126 
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
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APTIV PLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)
1. GENERAL
General and basis of presentation—“Aptiv,” the “Company,” “we,” “us” and “our” refer to Aptiv PLC, a public limited company formed under the laws of Jersey on May 19, 2011 as Delphi Automotive PLC, which completed an initial public offering on November 22, 2011. On December 4, 2017, the Company completed the separation (the “Separation”) of its former Powertrain Systems segment by distributing to Aptiv shareholders on a pro rata basis all of the issued and outstanding ordinary shares of Delphi Technologies PLC, a public limited company formed to hold the spun-off business. Following the Separation, the remaining company changed its name to Aptiv PLC and New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) symbol to “APTV.”
The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) and all adjustments, consisting of only normal recurring items, which are necessary for a fair presentation, have been included. The consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in this report should be read in conjunction with Aptiv’s 2020 Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Nature of operations—Aptiv is a leading global technology and mobility architecture company primarily serving the automotive sector. We design and manufacture vehicle components and provide electrical, electronic and active safety technology solutions to the global automotive and commercial vehicle markets. Aptiv operates manufacturing facilities and technical centers utilizing a regional service model that enables the Company to efficiently and effectively serve its global customers from best cost countries. In line with the long-term growth in emerging markets, Aptiv has been increasing its focus on these markets, particularly in China, where the Company has a major manufacturing base and strong customer relationships.

2. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Consolidation—The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Aptiv and United States (“U.S.”) and non-U.S. subsidiaries in which Aptiv holds a controlling financial or management interest and variable interest entities of which Aptiv has determined that it is the primary beneficiary. Aptiv’s share of the earnings or losses of non-controlled affiliates, over which Aptiv exercises significant influence (generally a 20% to 50% ownership interest), is included in the consolidated operating results using the equity method of accounting. When Aptiv does not have the ability to exercise significant influence (generally when ownership interest is less than 20%), investments in non-consolidated affiliates without readily determinable fair value are measured at cost, less impairments, adjusted for observable price changes in orderly transactions for identical or similar investments of the same issuer, while investments in publicly traded equity securities are measured at fair value based on quoted prices for identical assets on active market exchanges as of each reporting date. The Company monitors its investments in affiliates for indicators of other-than-temporary declines in value on an ongoing basis. If the Company determines that such a decline has occurred, an impairment loss is recorded, which is measured as the difference between carrying value and estimated fair value. Estimated fair value is generally determined using an income approach based on discounted cash flows or negotiated transaction values.
Intercompany transactions and balances between consolidated Aptiv businesses have been eliminated.
During the three months ended June 30, 2021, Aptiv received a dividend of $4 million from one of its equity method investments. The dividend was recognized as a reduction to the investment and represented a return on investment in cash flows from operating activities.
Aptiv’s equity investments without readily determinable fair values totaled $75 million and $113 million as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively, and are classified within other long-term assets in the consolidated balance sheets. Aptiv’s investments in publicly traded equity securities totaled $49 million as of June 30, 2021 and are classified within other long-term assets in the consolidated balance sheets. There were no publicly traded equity securities held as of December 31, 2020. Refer to Note 17. Acquisitions and Divestitures for additional information regarding Aptiv’s equity investments.
Use of estimates—Preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires the use of estimates and assumptions that affect amounts reported therein. Generally, matters subject to estimation and judgment include amounts related to accounts receivable realization, inventory obsolescence, asset impairments, useful lives of intangible and fixed assets, deferred tax asset valuation allowances, income taxes, pension benefit plan assumptions, accruals related to litigation, warranty costs, environmental remediation costs, contingent consideration arrangements, worker’s compensation accruals and healthcare accruals. Due to the inherent uncertainty involved in making estimates, including the duration and severity of the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic and the ongoing global supply chain disruptions, actual results reported in future periods may be based upon amounts that differ from those estimates.
Revenue recognition—Aptiv recognizes revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which we expect to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. Accordingly,
9


revenue is measured based on consideration specified in a contract with a customer. Refer to Note 20. Revenue for additional information regarding the Company’s revenue recognition policies.
Net income (loss) per share—Basic net income (loss) per share is computed by dividing net income (loss) attributable to ordinary shareholders by the weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding during the period. Diluted net income (loss) per share reflects the weighted average dilutive impact of all potentially dilutive securities from the date of issuance and is computed using the treasury stock and if-converted methods. The if-converted method is used to determine if the impact of conversion of the 5.50% Mandatory Convertible Preferred Shares, Series A, $0.01 par value per share (the “MCPS”) into ordinary shares is more dilutive than the MCPS dividends to net income (loss) per share. If so, the MCPS are assumed to have been converted at the later of the beginning of the period or the time of issuance, and the resulting ordinary shares are included in the denominator and the MCPS dividends are added back to the numerator. Unless otherwise noted, share and per share amounts included in these notes are on a diluted basis. Refer to Note 12. Shareholders’ Equity and Net Income Per Share for additional information including the calculation of basic and diluted net income (loss) per share.
Cash and cash equivalents—Cash and cash equivalents are defined as short-term, highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less, for which the book value approximates fair value.
Restricted cash—Restricted cash includes balances on deposit at financial institutions that have issued letters of credit in favor of Aptiv and cash deposited into escrow accounts. Refer to Note 15. Fair Value of Financial Instruments for further information regarding amounts deposited into an escrow account.
Accounts receivable—Aptiv enters into agreements to sell certain of its accounts receivable, primarily in Europe. Sales of receivables are accounted for in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 860, Transfers and Servicing (“ASC 860”). Agreements which result in true sales of the transferred receivables, as defined in ASC 860, which occur when receivables are transferred without recourse to the Company, are excluded from amounts reported in the consolidated balance sheets. Cash proceeds received from such sales are included in operating cash flows. Agreements that allow Aptiv to maintain effective control over the transferred receivables and which do not qualify as a sale, as defined in ASC 860, are accounted for as secured borrowings and recorded in the consolidated balance sheets within accounts receivable, net and short-term debt. The expenses associated with receivables factoring are recorded in the consolidated statements of operations within interest expense.
Credit losses—Aptiv is exposed to credit losses primarily through the sale of vehicle components and services. Aptiv assesses the creditworthiness of a counterparty by conducting ongoing credit reviews, which considers the Company’s expected billing exposure and timing for payment, as well as the counterparty’s established credit rating. When a credit rating is not available, the Company’s assessment is based on an analysis of the counterparty’s financial statements. Aptiv also considers contract terms and conditions, country and political risk, and business strategy in its evaluation. Based on the outcome of this review, the Company establishes a credit limit for each counterparty. The Company continues to monitor its ongoing credit exposure through active review of counterparty balances against contract terms and due dates, which includes timely account reconciliation, payment confirmation and dispute resolution. The Company may also employ collection agencies and legal counsel to pursue recovery of defaulted receivables, if necessary.
Aptiv primarily utilizes historical loss and recovery data, combined with information on current economic conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts to develop the estimate of the allowance for doubtful accounts in accordance with ASC Topic 326, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (“ASC 326”). As of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the Company reported $2,654 million and $2,812 million, respectively, of accounts receivable, net of allowances, which includes the allowance for doubtful accounts of $44 million and $40 million, respectively. Changes in the allowance for doubtful accounts were not material for the six months ended June 30, 2021.
Intangible assets—Intangible assets were $1,021 million and $1,091 million as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. Aptiv amortizes definite-lived intangible assets over their estimated useful lives. Aptiv has definite-lived intangible assets related to patents and developed technology, customer relationships and trade names. Indefinite-lived in-process research and development intangible assets are not amortized, but are tested for impairment annually, or more frequently when indicators of potential impairment exist, until the completion or abandonment of the associated research and development efforts. Upon completion of the projects, the assets will be amortized over the expected economic life of the asset, which will be determined on that date. Should the project be determined to be abandoned, and if the asset developed has no alternative use, the full value of the asset will be charged to expense. The Company also has intangible assets related to acquired trade names that are classified as indefinite-lived when there are no foreseeable limits on the periods of time over which they are expected to contribute cash flows. These indefinite-lived trade name assets are tested for impairment annually, or more frequently when indicators of potential impairment exist. Costs to renew or extend the term of acquired intangible assets are recognized as expense as incurred. Amortization expense was $37 million and $74 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, respectively, and $35 million and $71 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, respectively, which includes the impact of any intangible asset impairment charges recorded during the period.
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Goodwill—Goodwill is the excess of the purchase price over the estimated fair value of identifiable net assets acquired in business combinations. The Company tests goodwill for impairment annually in the fourth quarter, or more frequently when indications of potential impairment exist. The Company monitors the existence of potential impairment indicators throughout the fiscal year. The Company tests for goodwill impairment at the reporting unit level. Our reporting units are the components of operating segments which constitute businesses for which discrete financial information is available and is regularly reviewed by segment management.
The impairment test involves first qualitatively assessing goodwill for impairment. If the qualitative assessment is not met the Company then performs a quantitative assessment by comparing the estimated fair value of each reporting unit to its carrying value, including goodwill. Fair value reflects the price a market participant would be willing to pay in a potential sale of the reporting unit. If the estimated fair value exceeds carrying value, then we conclude that no goodwill impairment has occurred. If the carrying value of the reporting unit exceeds its estimated fair value, the Company recognizes an impairment loss in an amount equal to the excess, not to exceed the amount of goodwill allocated to the reporting unit. The Company qualitatively concluded there were no goodwill impairments during the six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020. Goodwill was $2,547 million and $2,580 million as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively.
Warranty and product recalls—Expected warranty costs for products sold are recognized at the time of sale of the product based on an estimate of the amount that eventually will be required to settle such obligations. These accruals are based on factors such as past experience, production changes, industry developments and various other considerations. Costs of product recalls, which may include the cost of the product being replaced as well as the customer’s cost of the recall, including labor to remove and replace the recalled part, are accrued as part of our warranty accrual at the time an obligation becomes probable and can be reasonably estimated. These estimates are adjusted from time to time based on facts and circumstances that impact the status of existing claims. Refer to Note 6. Warranty Obligations for additional information.
Income taxes—Deferred tax assets and liabilities reflect temporary differences between the amount of assets and liabilities for financial and tax reporting purposes. Such amounts are adjusted, as appropriate, to reflect changes in tax rates expected to be in effect when the temporary differences reverse. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in earnings in the period that includes the enactment date. A valuation allowance is recorded to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount that is more likely than not to be realized. In the event the Company determines it is more likely than not that the deferred tax assets will not be realized in the future, the valuation allowance adjustment to the deferred tax assets will be charged to earnings in the period in which the Company makes such a determination. In determining whether an uncertain tax position exists, the Company determines, based solely on its technical merits, whether the tax position is more likely than not to be sustained upon examination, and if so, a tax benefit is measured on a cumulative probability basis that is more likely than not to be realized upon the ultimate settlement. In determining the provision for income taxes for financial statement purposes, the Company makes certain estimates and judgments which affect its evaluation of the carrying value of its deferred tax assets, as well as its calculation of certain tax liabilities. Refer to Note 11. Income Taxes for additional information.
Restructuring—Aptiv continually evaluates alternatives to align the business with the changing needs of its customers and to lower operating costs. This includes the realignment of its existing manufacturing capacity, facility closures, or similar actions, either in the normal course of business or pursuant to significant restructuring programs. These actions may result in employees receiving voluntary or involuntary employee termination benefits, which are mainly pursuant to union or other contractual agreements or statutory requirements. Voluntary termination benefits are accrued when an employee accepts the related offer. Involuntary termination benefits are accrued upon the commitment to a termination plan and when the benefit arrangement is communicated to affected employees, or when liabilities are determined to be probable and estimable, depending on the existence of a substantive plan for severance or termination. Contract termination costs and certain early termination lease costs are recorded when contracts are terminated. All other exit costs are expensed as incurred. Refer to Note 7. Restructuring for additional information.
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Customer concentrations—As reflected in the table below, net sales to Stellantis N.V. (“Stellantis”), General Motors Company (“GM”) and Volkswagen Group (“VW”), Aptiv’s three largest customers, totaled approximately 29% and 28% of our total net sales for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, respectively, and 24% and 29% our total net sales for the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, respectively.
Percentage of Total Net Sales Accounts Receivable
Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30, June 30,
2021
December 31,
2020
2021 2020 2021 2020
  (in millions)
Stellantis (1) 11  % % 11  % 11  % $ 291  $ 352 
GM % % % % 204  200 
VW 10  % 12  % % 10  % 183  216 
(1)On January 16, 2021, Fiat Chrysler Automobiles N.V. (“FCA”) and Peugeot Citroën (“PSA”) merged to form a new, combined company (“Stellantis”). Net sales to FCA and PSA before the date of the merger are included in net sales to Stellantis in the table above for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020. As of December 31, 2020, accounts receivable due from FCA and PSA are shown on a combined basis as accounts receivable due from Stellantis.
Recently adopted accounting pronouncements—Aptiv adopted Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2020-01, Investments—Equity Securities (Topic 321), Investments—Equity Method and Joint Ventures (Topic 323), and Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815)—Clarifying the Interactions between Topic 321, Topic 323, and Topic 815 in the first quarter of 2021 on a prospective basis. This guidance clarifies the interactions between accounting for equity securities under the measurement alternative in Topic 321 and the equity method of accounting in Topic 323, as well as the accounting for certain forward contracts and purchased options to purchase securities that, upon settlement or exercise, would be accounted for under the equity method of accounting. The adoption of this guidance did not have a significant impact on Aptiv’s financial statements.

3. INVENTORIES
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost, determined on a first-in, first-out basis, or net realizable value, including direct material costs and direct and indirect manufacturing costs. A summary of inventories is shown below:
June 30,
2021
December 31,
2020
  (in millions)
Productive material $ 1,096  $ 745 
Work-in-process 172  111 
Finished goods 533  441 
Total $ 1,801  $ 1,297 


4. ASSETS
Other current assets consisted of the following:
June 30,
2021
December 31,
2020
  (in millions)
Value added tax receivable $ 209  $ 155 
Prepaid insurance and other expenses 65  47 
Reimbursable engineering costs 181  169 
Notes receivable
Income and other taxes receivable 57  41 
Deposits to vendors
Derivative financial instruments (Note 14) 63  48 
Capitalized upfront fees (Note 20) 32  30 
Total $ 622  $ 503 
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Other long-term assets consisted of the following:
June 30,
2021
December 31,
2020
  (in millions)
Deferred income taxes, net $ 172  $ 174 
Unamortized Revolving Credit Facility debt issuance costs 12  11 
Income and other taxes receivable 26  25 
Reimbursable engineering costs 171  186 
Value added tax receivable 37  29 
Equity investments (Note 17) 124  113 
Derivative financial instruments (Note 14) 13  22 
Capitalized upfront fees (Note 20) 66  86 
Other 57  48 
Total $ 678  $ 694 

5. LIABILITIES
Accrued liabilities consisted of the following:
June 30,
2021
December 31,
2020
  (in millions)
Payroll-related obligations $ 320  $ 293 
Employee benefits, including current pension obligations 66  84 
Income and other taxes payable 164  177 
Warranty obligations (Note 6) 40  51 
Restructuring (Note 7) 62  82 
Customer deposits 50  62 
Derivative financial instruments (Note 14)
Accrued interest 46  48 
MCPS dividends payable
Operating lease liabilities 99  100 
Other 461  477 
Total $ 1,315  $ 1,385 
Other long-term liabilities consisted of the following:
June 30,
2021
December 31,
2020
  (in millions)
Environmental (Note 10) $ $
Extended disability benefits
Warranty obligations (Note 6)
Restructuring (Note 7) 32  43 
Payroll-related obligations 11  11 
Accrued income taxes 155  156 
Deferred income taxes, net 210  207 
Derivative financial instruments (Note 14)
Other 94  105 
Total $ 521  $ 540 
13



6. WARRANTY OBLIGATIONS
Expected warranty costs for products sold are recognized principally at the time of sale of the product based on an estimate of the amount that eventually will be required to settle such obligations. These accruals are based on factors such as past experience, production changes, industry developments and various other considerations. The estimated costs related to product recalls based on a formal campaign soliciting return of that product are accrued at the time an obligation becomes probable and can be reasonably estimated. These estimates are adjusted from time to time based on facts and circumstances that impact the status of existing claims. Aptiv has recognized its best estimate for its total aggregate warranty reserves, including product recall costs, across all of its operating segments as of June 30, 2021. The Company estimates the reasonably possible amount to ultimately resolve all matters in excess of the recorded reserves as of June 30, 2021 to be zero to $10 million.
The table below summarizes the activity in the product warranty liability for the six months ended June 30, 2021:
  Warranty Obligations
  (in millions)
Accrual balance at beginning of period $ 59 
Provision for estimated warranties incurred during the period 15 
Changes in estimate for pre-existing warranties
Settlements made during the period (in cash or in kind) (31)
Foreign currency translation and other (1)
Accrual balance at end of period $ 48 

7. RESTRUCTURING
Aptiv’s restructuring activities are undertaken as necessary to implement management’s strategy, streamline operations, take advantage of available capacity and resources, and ultimately achieve net cost reductions. These activities generally relate to the realignment of existing manufacturing capacity and closure of facilities and other exit or disposal activities, as it relates to executing Aptiv’s strategy, either in the normal course of business or pursuant to significant restructuring programs.
As part of Aptiv’s continued efforts to optimize its cost structure, it has undertaken several restructuring programs which include workforce reductions as well as plant closures. These programs are primarily focused on the continued rotation of our manufacturing footprint to best cost locations in Europe and on reducing global overhead costs. The Company recorded employee-related and other restructuring charges related to these programs totaling approximately $14 million and $20 million during the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, respectively. None of the Company's individual restructuring programs initiated during the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 were material and there have been no changes in previously initiated programs that have resulted (or are expected to result) in a material change to our restructuring costs. The Company expects to incur additional restructuring costs of approximately $20 million (of which approximately $15 million relates to the Signal and Power Solutions segment and approximately $5 million relates to the Advanced Safety and User Experience segment) for programs approved as of June 30, 2021, which are primarily expected to be incurred within the next twenty-four months.
During the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, Aptiv recorded employee-related and other restructuring charges totaling approximately $72 million and $100 million, respectively, of which $42 million and $51 million, respectively, was recognized for programs implemented in the North America region and $24 million and $35 million, respectively, was recognized for programs implemented in the European region. The charges recorded during the three months ended June 30, 2020 included the recognition of approximately $60 million of employee-related and other costs related to actions taken as a result of the global impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Restructuring charges for employee separation and termination benefits are paid either over the severance period or in a lump sum in accordance with either statutory requirements or individual agreements. Aptiv incurred cash expenditures related to its restructuring programs of approximately $48 million and $87 million in the six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively.
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The following table summarizes the restructuring charges recorded for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020 by operating segment:
  Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30,
2021 2020 2021 2020
  (in millions)
Signal and Power Solutions $ 11  $ 60  $ $ 79 
Advanced Safety and User Experience 12  11  21 
Total $ 14  $ 72  $ 20  $ 100 
The table below summarizes the activity in the restructuring liability for the six months ended June 30, 2021:
Employee Termination Benefits Liability Other Exit Costs Liability Total
  (in millions)
Accrual balance at January 1, 2021 $ 125  $ —  $ 125 
Provision for estimated expenses incurred during the period 20  —  20 
Payments made during the period (48) —  (48)
Foreign currency and other (3) —  (3)
Accrual balance at June 30, 2021 $ 94  $ —  $ 94 

8. DEBT
The following is a summary of debt outstanding, net of unamortized issuance costs and discounts, as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020:
June 30,
2021
December 31,
2020
  (in millions)
4.15%, senior notes, due 2024 (net of $1 and $1 unamortized issuance costs and $1 and $1 discount, respectively) $ 698  $ 698 
1.50%, Euro-denominated senior notes, due 2025 (net of $2 and $2 unamortized issuance costs and $1 and $2 discount, respectively) 832  857 
4.25%, senior notes, due 2026 (net of $2 and $2 unamortized issuance costs, respectively) 648  648 
1.60%, Euro-denominated senior notes, due 2028 (net of $3 and $3 unamortized issuance costs, respectively) 593  612 
4.35%, senior notes, due 2029 (net of $2 and $3 unamortized issuance costs, respectively) 298  297 
4.40%, senior notes, due 2046 (net of $3 and $3 unamortized issuance costs and $1 and $1 discount, respectively) 296  296 
5.40%, senior notes, due 2049 (net of $4 and $4 unamortized issuance costs and $1 and $1 discount, respectively) 345  345 
Tranche A Term Loan, due 2026 (net of $2 and $1 unamortized issuance costs, respectively) 311  320 
Finance leases and other 26  28 
Total debt 4,047  4,101 
Less: current portion (16) (90)
Long-term debt $ 4,031  $ 4,011 
Credit Agreement
Aptiv PLC and its wholly-owned subsidiary Aptiv Corporation entered into a credit agreement (the “Credit Agreement”) with JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as administrative agent (the “Administrative Agent”), under which it maintains senior unsecured credit facilities currently consisting of a term loan (the “Tranche A Term Loan”) and a revolving credit facility of $2 billion (the “Revolving Credit Facility”). During 2020, Aptiv Global Financing Limited (“AGFL”), a wholly-owned Irish subsidiary of Aptiv PLC, executed a joinder agreement to the Credit Agreement, which allows it to act as a borrower under the
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Credit Agreement, and a guaranty supplement, under which AGFL guarantees the obligations under the Credit Agreement, subject to certain exceptions.
The Credit Agreement was originally entered into in March 2011 and has been subsequently amended and restated on several occasions, most recently on June 24, 2021. The June 2021 amendment, among other things, (1) refinanced and replaced the existing term loan A and revolver with a new term loan A that matures in five years, and a new five-year revolving credit facility with aggregate commitments of $2 billion, (2) utilized the Company’s existing sustainability-linked metrics and commitments, that, if achieved, would change the facility fee and interest rate margins as described below, (3) removed prior provisions from the May 2020 amendment that had increased the leverage ratio maintenance covenant from 3.5 to 1.0 to 4.5 to 1.0 until July 1, 2021 and restricted dividends and other payments on equity, and (4) includes a financial maintenance covenant that requires the Company to maintain total net leverage (as calculated in accordance with the Credit Agreement) of less than 3.5 to 1.0 (or 4.0 to 1.0 for four full fiscal quarters following completion of material acquisitions, as defined in the Credit Agreement). Losses on modification of debt totaled $1 million and $4 million during the three months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively, related to the June 2021 amendment and May 2020 amendment. Aptiv paid amendment fees of $6 million and $18 million during the three months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively, which are reflected as financing activities in the consolidated statements of cash flows.
The Tranche A Term Loan and the Revolving Credit Facility mature on June 24, 2026. Beginning on September 30, 2022, Aptiv is obligated to make quarterly principal payments on the Tranche A Term Loan according to the amortization schedule in the Credit Agreement. The Credit Agreement also contains an accordion feature that permits Aptiv to increase, from time to time, the aggregate borrowing capacity under the Credit Agreement by up to an additional $1 billion upon Aptiv’s request, the agreement of the lenders participating in the increase, and the approval of the Administrative Agent.
As of June 30, 2021, Aptiv had no amounts outstanding under the Revolving Credit Facility and less than $1 million in letters of credit were issued under the Credit Agreement. Letters of credit issued under the Credit Agreement reduce availability under the Revolving Credit Facility.
Loans under the Credit Agreement bear interest, at Aptiv’s option, at either (a) the Administrative Agent’s Alternate Base Rate (“ABR” as defined in the Credit Agreement) or (b) the London Interbank Offered Rate (the “Adjusted LIBO Rate” as defined in the Credit Agreement) (“LIBOR”) plus in either case a percentage per annum as set forth in the table below (the “Applicable Rate”). The June 2021 amendment also contains provisions to facilitate the replacement of the LIBOR-based rate with a Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”) based rate upon the discontinuation or unavailability of LIBOR. The Applicable Rates under the Credit Agreement on the specified dates are set forth below:
June 30, 2021 December 31, 2020
LIBOR plus ABR plus LIBOR plus ABR plus
Revolving Credit Facility (1) 1.10  % 0.10  % 1.10  % 0.10  %
Revolving Credit Facility (2) N/A N/A 1.40  % 0.40  %
Tranche A Term Loan (1) 1.125  % 0.125  % 1.25  % 0.25  %
Tranche A Term Loan (2) N/A N/A 1.75  % 0.75  %
(1)Rates as of June 30, 2021 are applicable to balances under the Credit Agreement as amended and restated on June 24, 2021 as described above. Rates as of December 31, 2020 are applicable to principal balances under the Credit Agreement which were not extended as part of the May 2020 amendment.
(2)Rates as of December 31, 2020 are applicable to principal balances under the Credit Agreement which were extended as part of the May 2020 amendment.
Under the June 2021 amendment, the Applicable Rate under the Credit Agreement, as well as the facility fee, may increase or decrease from time to time based on changes in the Company’s credit ratings and whether the Company achieves or fails to achieve certain sustainability-linked targets with respect to greenhouse gas emissions and workplace safety. Such adjustments may be up to 0.04% per annum on interest rate margins on the Revolving Credit Facility, 0.02% per annum on interest rate margins on the Tranche A Term Loan and up to 0.01% per annum on the facility fee. Accordingly, the interest rate is subject to fluctuation during the term of the Credit Agreement based on changes in the ABR, LIBOR, changes in the Company’s corporate credit ratings or whether the Company achieves or fails to achieve its sustainability-linked targets. The Credit Agreement also requires that Aptiv pay certain facility fees on the Revolving Credit Facility, which are also subject to adjustment based on the sustainability-linked targets as described above, and certain letter of credit issuance and fronting fees.
The interest rate period with respect to LIBOR interest rate options can be set at one-, three-, or six-months as selected by Aptiv in accordance with the terms of the Credit Agreement (or other period as may be agreed by the applicable lenders). Aptiv may elect to change the selected interest rate option in accordance with the provisions of the Credit Agreement. As of June 30, 2021, Aptiv selected the one-month LIBOR interest rate option on the Tranche A Term Loan, and the rates effective as of June 30, 2021, as detailed in the table below, were based on the Company’s current credit rating and the Applicable Rate for the
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Credit Agreement:
Borrowings as of
June 30, 2021 Rates effective as of
Applicable Rate (in millions) June 30, 2021
Tranche A Term Loan LIBOR plus 1.125% $ 313  1.25  %
Borrowings under the Credit Agreement are prepayable at Aptiv’s option without premium or penalty.
The Credit Agreement contains certain covenants that limit, among other things, the Company’s (and the Company’s subsidiaries’) ability to incur certain additional indebtedness or liens or to dispose of substantially all of its assets. In addition, under the June 2021 amendment, the Credit Agreement requires that the Company maintain a consolidated leverage ratio (the ratio of Consolidated Total Indebtedness to Consolidated EBITDA, each as defined in the Credit Agreement) of not more than 3.5 to 1.0 (or 4.0 to 1.0 for four full fiscal quarters following completion of material acquisitions, as defined in the Credit Agreement). The Credit Agreement also contains events of default customary for financings of this type. The Company was in compliance with the Credit Agreement covenants as of June 30, 2021.
As of June 30, 2021, all obligations under the Credit Agreement were borrowed by Aptiv Corporation and jointly and severally guaranteed by its direct and indirect parent companies, subject to certain exceptions set forth in the Credit Agreement.
Senior Unsecured Notes
On March 3, 2014, Aptiv Corporation issued $700 million in aggregate principal amount of 4.15% senior unsecured notes due 2024 (the “2014 Senior Notes”) in a transaction registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”). The 2014 Senior Notes were priced at 99.649% of par, resulting in a yield to maturity of 4.193%. The proceeds were primarily utilized to redeem $500 million of 5.875% senior unsecured notes due 2019 and to repay a portion of the Tranche A Term Loan. Aptiv paid approximately $6 million of issuance costs in connection with the 2014 Senior Notes. Interest is payable semi-annually on March 15 and September 15 of each year to holders of record at the close of business on March 1 or September 1 immediately preceding the interest payment date.
On March 10, 2015, Aptiv PLC issued €700 million in aggregate principal amount of 1.50% Euro-denominated senior unsecured notes due 2025 (the “2015 Euro-denominated Senior Notes”) in a transaction registered under the Securities Act. The 2015 Euro-denominated Senior Notes were priced at 99.54% of par, resulting in a yield to maturity of 1.55%. The proceeds were primarily utilized to redeem $500 million of 6.125% senior unsecured notes due 2021, and to fund growth initiatives, such as acquisitions, and share repurchases. Aptiv incurred approximately $5 million of issuance costs in connection with the 2015 Euro-denominated Senior Notes. Interest is payable annually on March 10. The Company has designated the 2015 Euro-denominated Senior Notes as a net investment hedge of the foreign currency exposure of its investments in certain Euro-denominated wholly-owned subsidiaries. Refer to Note 14. Derivatives and Hedging Activities for further information.
On November 19, 2015, Aptiv PLC issued $1.3 billion in aggregate principal amount of senior unsecured notes in a transaction registered under the Securities Act, comprised of $650 million of 3.15% senior unsecured notes due 2020 (the “3.15% Senior Notes”) and $650 million of 4.25% senior unsecured notes due 2026 (the “4.25% Senior Notes”) (collectively, the “2015 Senior Notes”). The 3.15% Senior Notes were priced at 99.784% of par, resulting in a yield to maturity of 3.197%, and the 4.25% Senior Notes were priced at 99.942% of par, resulting in a yield to maturity of 4.256%. The proceeds were primarily utilized to fund a portion of the cash consideration for the acquisition of HellermannTyton PLC and for general corporate purposes, including the payment of fees and expenses associated with the HellermannTyton PLC acquisition and the related financing transaction. Aptiv incurred approximately $8 million of issuance costs in connection with the 2015 Senior Notes. Interest on the 3.15% Senior Notes was payable semi-annually on May 19 and November 19 of each year to holders of record at the close of business on May 4 or November 4 immediately preceding the interest payment date. Interest on the 4.25% Senior Notes is payable semi-annually on January 15 and July 15 of each year to holders of record at the close of business on January 1 or July 1 immediately preceding the interest payment date. In March 2019, Aptiv redeemed for cash the entire $650 million aggregate principal amount outstanding of the 3.15% Senior Notes, financed by the proceeds received from the issuance of the 2019 Senior Notes, as defined below.
On September 15, 2016, Aptiv PLC issued €500 million in aggregate principal amount of 1.60% Euro-denominated senior unsecured notes due 2028 (the “2016 Euro-denominated Senior Notes”) in a transaction registered under the Securities Act. The 2016 Euro-denominated Senior Notes were priced at 99.881% of par, resulting in a yield to maturity of 1.611%. The proceeds, together with proceeds from the 2016 Senior Notes described below, were utilized to redeem the $800 million of 5.00% senior unsecured notes due 2023. Aptiv incurred approximately $4 million of issuance costs in connection with the 2016 Euro-denominated Senior Notes. Interest is payable annually on September 15. The Company has designated the 2016 Euro-denominated Senior Notes as a net investment hedge of the foreign currency exposure of its investments in certain Euro-denominated wholly-owned subsidiaries. Refer to Note 14. Derivatives and Hedging Activities for further information.
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On September 20, 2016, Aptiv PLC issued $300 million in aggregate principal amount of 4.40% senior unsecured notes due 2046 (the “2016 Senior Notes”) in a transaction registered under the Securities Act. The 2016 Senior Notes were priced at 99.454% of par, resulting in a yield to maturity of 4.433%. The proceeds, together with proceeds from the 2016 Euro-denominated Senior Notes, were utilized to redeem the $800 million of 5.00% senior unsecured notes due 2023. Aptiv incurred approximately $3 million of issuance costs in connection with the 2016 Senior Notes. Interest is payable semi-annually on April 1 and October 1 of each year to holders of record at the close of business on March 15 or September 15 immediately preceding the interest payment date.
On March 14, 2019, Aptiv PLC issued $650 million in aggregate principal amount of senior unsecured notes in a transaction registered under the Securities Act, comprised of $300 million of 4.35% senior unsecured notes due 2029 (the “4.35% Senior Notes”) and $350 million of 5.40% senior unsecured notes due 2049 (the “5.40% Senior Notes”) (collectively, the “2019 Senior Notes”). The 4.35% Senior Notes were priced at 99.879% of par, resulting in a yield to maturity of 4.365%, and the 5.40% Senior Notes were priced at 99.558% of par, resulting in a yield to maturity of 5.430%. The proceeds were utilized to redeem the 3.15% Senior Notes. Aptiv incurred approximately $7 million of issuance costs in connection with the 2019 Senior Notes. Interest on the 2019 Senior Notes is payable semi-annually on March 15 and September 15 of each year to holders of record at the close of business on March 1 or September 1 immediately preceding the interest payment date.
Although the specific terms of each indenture governing each series of senior notes vary, the indentures contain certain restrictive covenants, including with respect to Aptiv’s (and Aptiv’s subsidiaries) ability to incur liens, enter into sale and leaseback transactions and merge with or into other entities. As of June 30, 2021, the Company was in compliance with the provisions of all series of the outstanding senior notes.
The 2014 Senior Notes issued by Aptiv Corporation are fully and unconditionally guaranteed, jointly and severally, by Aptiv PLC and by certain of Aptiv PLC’s direct and indirect subsidiaries, which are directly or indirectly 100% owned by Aptiv PLC, subject to customary release provisions (other than in the case of Aptiv PLC). The 2015 Euro-denominated Senior Notes, 4.25% Senior Notes, 2016 Euro-denominated Senior Notes, 2016 Senior Notes and 2019 Senior Notes issued by Aptiv PLC are fully and unconditionally guaranteed, jointly and severally, by certain of Aptiv PLC’s direct and indirect subsidiaries (including Aptiv Corporation), which are directly or indirectly 100% owned by Aptiv PLC, subject to customary release provisions.
Other Financing
Receivable factoring—Aptiv maintains a €450 million European accounts receivable factoring facility that is available on a committed basis and allows for factoring of receivables denominated in both Euros and U.S. dollars (“USD”). This facility became effective on January 1, 2021 and replaced Aptiv’s previous €300 million European accounts receivable factoring facility. This facility is accounted for as short-term debt and borrowings are subject to the availability of eligible accounts receivable. Collateral is not required related to these trade accounts receivable. The program is for a term of three years, subject to Aptiv’s right to terminate at any time with three months’ notice. After expiration of the three year term, either party can terminate with three months’ notice. Borrowings denominated in Euros under the facility bear interest at the three-month Euro Interbank Offered Rate (“EURIBOR”) plus 0.50% and USD borrowings bear interest at two-month LIBOR plus 0.50%, with borrowings under either denomination carrying a minimum interest rate of 0.20%. As of June 30, 2021, Aptiv had no amounts drawn on the new European accounts receivable factoring facility and as of December 31, 2020, Aptiv had no amounts outstanding on the previous European accounts receivable factoring facility.
Finance leases and other—As of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, approximately $26 million and $28 million, respectively, of other debt primarily issued by certain non-U.S. subsidiaries and finance lease obligations were outstanding.
Interest—Cash paid for interest related to debt outstanding totaled $75 million and $84 million for the six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively.
Letter of credit facilities—In addition to the letters of credit issued under the Credit Agreement, Aptiv had approximately $3 million and $2 million outstanding through other letter of credit facilities as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively, primarily to support arrangements and other obligations at certain of its subsidiaries.

9. PENSION BENEFITS
Certain of Aptiv’s non-U.S. subsidiaries sponsor defined benefit pension plans, which generally provide benefits based on negotiated amounts for each year of service. Aptiv’s primary non-U.S. plans are located in France, Germany, Mexico, Portugal and the U.K. The U.K. and certain Mexican plans are funded. In addition, Aptiv has defined benefit plans in South Korea, Turkey and Italy for which amounts are payable to employees immediately upon separation. The obligations for these plans are recorded over the requisite service period.
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Aptiv sponsors a Supplemental Executive Retirement Program (“SERP”) for those employees who were U.S. executives of the former Delphi Corporation prior to September 30, 2008 and were still U.S. executives of the Company on October 7, 2009, the effective date of the program. This program is unfunded. Executives receive benefits over 5 years after an involuntary or voluntary separation from Aptiv. The SERP is closed to new members.
The amounts shown below reflect the defined benefit pension expense for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020:
  Non-U.S. Plans U.S. Plans
  Three Months Ended June 30,
  2021 2020 2021 2020
  (in millions)
Service cost $ $ $ —  $ — 
Interest cost —  — 
Expected return on plan assets (5) (4) —  — 
Curtailment loss —  —  — 
Amortization of actuarial losses
Net periodic benefit cost $ 13  $ $ $
  Non-U.S. Plans U.S. Plans
  Six Months Ended June 30,
  2021 2020 2021 2020
  (in millions)
Service cost $ 10  $ 10  $ —  $ — 
Interest cost 10  11  —  — 
Expected return on plan assets (10) (9) —  — 
Curtailment loss —  —  — 
Amortization of actuarial losses
Net periodic benefit cost $ 23  $ 19  $ $
Other postretirement benefit obligations were approximately $1 million and $1 million at June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively.

10. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
Ordinary Business Litigation
Aptiv is from time to time subject to various legal actions and claims incidental to its business, including those arising out of alleged defects, alleged breaches of contracts, product warranties, intellectual property matters, and employment-related matters. It is the opinion of Aptiv that the outcome of such matters will not have a material adverse impact on the consolidated financial position, results of operations, or cash flows of Aptiv. With respect to warranty matters, although Aptiv cannot ensure that the future costs of warranty claims by customers will not be material, Aptiv believes its established reserves are adequate to cover potential warranty settlements.
Matters Related to Global Supply Chain Disruptions
Due to various factors, there are currently global supply chain disruptions, including a worldwide semiconductor supply shortage. The semiconductor supply shortage, due in part to increased demand across multiple industries, is impacting production in automotive and other industries. We anticipate these supply chain disruptions will persist throughout much of the remainder of 2021. We, along with most automotive component supply companies that use semiconductors, have been unable to fully meet the vehicle production demands of OEMs because of events which are outside our control, including but not limited to, the COVID-19 pandemic, the global semiconductor shortage, fires in our suppliers’ facilities, unprecedented weather events in the southwestern United States, and other extraordinary events. Although we are working closely with suppliers and customers to minimize any potential adverse impacts of these events, some of our customers have indicated that they expect us to bear at least some responsibility for their lost production and other costs. While no assurances can be made as to the ultimate
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outcome of these customer expectations or any other future claims, we do not currently believe a loss is probable, and accordingly, no reserve has been made as of June 30, 2021. We will continue to actively monitor all direct and indirect potential impacts of these supply chain disruptions, and will seek to aggressively mitigate and minimize their impact on our business.
Brazil Matters
Aptiv conducts business operations in Brazil that are subject to the Brazilian federal labor, social security, environmental, tax and customs laws, as well as a variety of state and local laws. While Aptiv believes it complies with such laws, they are complex, subject to varying interpretations, and the Company is often engaged in litigation with government agencies regarding the application of these laws to particular circumstances. As of June 30, 2021, the majority of claims asserted against Aptiv in Brazil relate to such litigation. The remaining claims in Brazil relate to commercial and labor litigation with private parties. As of June 30, 2021, claims totaling approximately $110 million (using June 30, 2021 foreign currency rates) have been asserted against Aptiv in Brazil. As of June 30, 2021, the Company maintains accruals for these asserted claims of $20 million (using June 30, 2021 foreign currency rates). The amounts accrued represent claims that are deemed probable of loss and are reasonably estimable based on the Company’s analyses and assessment of the asserted claims and prior experience with similar matters. While the Company believes its accruals are adequate, the final amounts required to resolve these matters could differ materially from the Company’s recorded estimates and Aptiv’s results of operations could be materially affected. The Company estimates the reasonably possible loss in excess of the amounts accrued related to these claims to be zero to $90 million.
Environmental Matters
Aptiv is subject to the requirements of U.S. federal, state, local and non-U.S. environmental and safety and health laws and regulations. As of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the undiscounted reserve for environmental investigation and remediation recorded in other long-term liabilities was approximately $4 million and $4 million, respectively. Aptiv cannot ensure that environmental requirements will not change or become more stringent over time or that its eventual environmental remediation costs and liabilities will not exceed the amount of its current reserves. In the event that such liabilities were to significantly exceed the amounts recorded, Aptiv’s results of operations could be materially affected. At June 30, 2021, the difference between the recorded liabilities and the reasonably possible range of potential loss was not material.

11. INCOME TAXES
At the end of each interim period, the Company makes its best estimate of the annual expected effective income tax rate and applies that rate to its ordinary year-to-date earnings or loss. The income tax provision or benefit related to unusual or infrequent items, if applicable, that will be separately reported or reported net of their related tax effects are individually computed and recognized in the interim period in which those items occur. In addition, the effect of changes in enacted tax laws or rates, tax status, judgment on the realizability of a beginning-of-the-year deferred tax asset in future years or income tax contingencies is recognized in the interim period in which the change occurs.
The computation of the annual expected effective income tax rate at each interim period requires certain estimates and assumptions including, but not limited to, the expected pre-tax income (or loss) for the year, projections of the proportion of income (and/or loss) earned and taxed in respective jurisdictions, permanent and temporary differences, and the likelihood of the realizability of deferred tax assets generated in the current year. The ongoing volatile global economic conditions resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic, the future direct and indirect impacts of which are difficult to predict, may cause fluctuations in our expected pre-tax income (or loss) for the year, which could create volatility in our annual expected effective income tax rate. Jurisdictions with a projected loss for the year or a year-to-date loss for which no tax benefit or expense can be recognized due to a valuation allowance are excluded from the estimated annual effective tax rate. The impact of such an exclusion could result in a higher or lower effective tax rate during a particular quarter, based upon the composition and timing of actual earnings compared to annual projections. The estimates used to compute the provision or benefit for income taxes may change as new events occur, additional information is obtained or as our tax environment changes. To the extent that the expected annual effective income tax rate changes, the effect of the change on prior interim periods is included in the income tax provision in the period in which the change in estimate occurs.
The Company’s income tax expense (benefit) and effective tax rate for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020 were as follows:
  Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30,
  2021 2020 2021 2020
  (dollars in millions)
Income tax expense (benefit) $ 28  $ (14) $ 76  $ (4)
Effective tax rate 11  % % 12  % %
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The Company’s tax rate is affected by the fact that its parent entity is an Irish resident taxpayer, the tax rates in Ireland and other jurisdictions in which the Company operates, the relative amount of income earned by jurisdiction and the relative amount of losses or income for which no tax benefit or expense was recognized due to a valuation allowance. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, losses for which no tax benefit was recognized were higher in the three and six months ended June 30, 2020 as compared to the same periods in the current year. The Company’s effective tax rate is also impacted by the receipt of certain tax incentives and holidays that reduce the effective tax rate for certain subsidiaries below the statutory rate.
The Company’s effective tax rate for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 also includes net discrete tax benefits of $3 million and $4 million, respectively, primarily related to changes in accruals for unremitted earnings, provision to return adjustments, changes in reserves and the impact of a tax rate change. The effective tax rate for the three and six months ended June 30, 2020 includes net discrete tax benefits of $3 million and $6 million, respectively, primarily related to changes in reserves, changes in accruals for unremitted earnings and provision to return adjustments. Also included as a discrete item in the effective tax rate for the six months ended June 30, 2020 is the beneficial impact from the gain on the autonomous driving joint venture. The tax expense associated with the gain was insignificant as Aptiv’s aggregate autonomous driving assets were exempt from capital gains tax in the jurisdiction from which they were sold. The aggregate autonomous driving assets had been acquired, purchased or developed in taxable transactions in prior periods and reflect changes made to the corporate entity operating structure for intellectual property following the Separation of its former Powertrain Systems segment.
Aptiv PLC is an Irish resident taxpayer and not a domestic corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes. As such, it is not subject to U.S. tax on remitted foreign earnings and, as a result of its capital structure, is also generally not subject to Irish tax on the repatriation of foreign earnings.
Cash paid or withheld for income taxes was $93 million and $54 million for the six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

12. SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY AND NET INCOME PER SHARE
2020 Public Equity Offering
In June 2020, the Company completed the underwritten public offering of approximately 15.1 million ordinary shares at a price of $75.91 per share (the “Ordinary Share Offering”), resulting in net proceeds of approximately $1,115 million, after deducting expenses and the underwriters’ discount of $35 million. Simultaneously, the Company completed the underwritten public offering of 11.5 million 5.50% Mandatory Convertible Preferred Shares, Series A, $0.01 par value per share (the “MCPS”) with a liquidation preference of $100 per share (the “MCPS Offering”), resulting in net proceeds of approximately $1,115 million, after deducting expenses and the underwriters’ discount of $35 million.
Each share of MCPS will mandatorily convert on the mandatory conversion date of June 15, 2023, into between 1.0754 and 1.3173 shares of the Company’s ordinary shares, subject to customary anti-dilution adjustments, and further adjustment if there are any accumulated and unpaid MCPS dividends at the conversion date. The number of the Company’s ordinary shares issuable upon conversion will be determined based on the volume-weighted average price per share of the Company’s ordinary shares over the 20 consecutive trading day period beginning on, and including the 21st scheduled trading day immediately before June 15, 2023. Subject to certain exceptions, at any time prior to June 15, 2023, holders of the MCPS may elect to convert each share into 1.0754 ordinary shares, subject to further anti-dilution adjustments. In the event of a fundamental change, the MCPS will convert at the fundamental change rates specified in the statement of rights, and the holders of the MCPS would be entitled to a fundamental change make-whole dividend.
Holders of the MCPS will be entitled to receive, when and if declared by the Company’s Board of Directors, cumulative dividends at the annual rate of 5.50% of the liquidation preference of $100 per share (equivalent to $5.50 annually per share), payable in cash or, subject to certain limitations, by delivery of the Company’s ordinary shares or any combination of cash and the Company’s ordinary shares, at the Company’s election. If declared, dividends on the MCPS will be payable quarterly on March 15, June 15, September 15 and December 15 of each year (commencing on September 15, 2020 to, and including June 15, 2023), to the holders of record of the MCPS as they appear on the Company’s share register at the close of business on the immediately preceding March 1, June 1, September 1 or December 1, respectively.
Net Income (Loss) Per Share
Basic net income (loss) per share is computed by dividing net income (loss) attributable to ordinary shareholders by the weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding during the period. Diluted net income (loss) per share reflects the weighted average dilutive impact of all potentially dilutive securities from the date of issuance and is computed using the treasury stock and if-converted methods. The if-converted method is used to determine if the impact of the conversion of the MCPS into ordinary shares is more dilutive than the MCPS dividends to net income (loss) per share. If so, the MCPS are assumed to have been converted at the later of the beginning of the period or the time of issuance, and the resulting ordinary shares are included in the denominator and the MCPS dividends are added back to the numerator. Unless otherwise noted, share
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and per share amounts included in these notes are on a diluted basis. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, the impact of the MCPS calculated under the if-converted method was anti-dilutive, and as such 12.37 million and 12.37 million ordinary shares underlying the MCPS, respectively, were excluded from the diluted net income per share calculation. For the three months ended June 30, 2020, the impact of the MCPS calculated under the if-converted method was anti-dilutive, and as such 3.14 million ordinary shares underlying the MCPS were excluded from the diluted net loss per share calculation. For the six months ended June 30, 2020, the calculation of net income per share includes the dilutive impacts of the MCPS under the if-converted method. For all periods presented, the calculation of net income (loss) per share also contemplates the dilutive impacts, if any, of the Company’s share-based compensation plans. Refer to Note 18. Share-Based Compensation for additional information.
Weighted Average Shares
The following table illustrates net income (loss) per share attributable to ordinary shareholders and the weighted average shares outstanding used in calculating basic and diluted income (loss) per share:
Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30,
2021 2020 2021 2020
  (in millions, except per share data)
Numerator, basic:
Net income (loss) attributable to ordinary shareholders $ 147  $ (369) $ 426  $ 1,203 
Numerator, diluted:
Net income (loss) attributable to Aptiv $ 163  $ (366) $ 458  $ 1,206 
MCPS dividends (1) (16) (3) (32) — 
Numerator, diluted $ 147  $ (369) $ 426  $ 1,206 
Denominator:
Weighted average ordinary shares outstanding, basic 270.49  258.03  270.40  256.77 
Dilutive shares related to restricted stock units (“RSUs”) 0.57  0.18  0.70  0.25 
Weighted average MCPS Converted Shares (1) —  —  —  1.57 
Weighted average ordinary shares outstanding, including dilutive shares 271.06  258.21  271.10  258.59 
Net income (loss) per share attributable to ordinary shareholders:
Basic $ 0.54  $ (1.43) $ 1.58  $ 4.69 
Diluted $ 0.54  $ (1.43) $ 1.57  $ 4.66 
(1)For purposes of calculating net income (loss) per share under the if-converted method, the Company has included the impact of the MCPS dividends for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, as well as for the three months ended June 30, 2020 as the impact was more dilutive to net income (loss) per share than the impact of assuming the conversion of the MCPS into ordinary shares on a weighted average basis. The Company has excluded the impact of the MCPS dividends for the six months ended June 30, 2020, as the assumed conversion of the MCPS into ordinary shares on a weighted average basis was more dilutive than the impact of the MCPS dividends.
Share Repurchase Programs
In April 2016, the Board of Directors authorized a share repurchase program of up to $1.5 billion of ordinary shares, which commenced in September 2016. This share repurchase program provides for share purchases in the open market or in privately negotiated transactions, depending on share price, market conditions and other factors, as determined by the Company.
There were no shares repurchased during the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 as well as for the three months ended June 30, 2020. A summary of the ordinary shares repurchased during the six months ended June 30, 2020 is as follows:
Total number of shares repurchased 1,059,075 
Average price paid per share $ 53.73 
Total (in millions) $ 57 
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As of June 30, 2021, approximately $13 million of share repurchases remained available under the April 2016 share repurchase program, which is in addition to the share repurchase program of up to $2.0 billion that was previously announced in January 2019. This program, which will commence following the completion of the April 2016 share repurchase program, provides for share purchases in the open market or in privately negotiated transactions, depending on share price, market conditions and other factors, as determined by the Company. All repurchased shares were retired, and are reflected as a reduction of ordinary share capital for the par value of the shares, with the excess applied as reductions to additional paid-in-capital and retained earnings.
Dividends
The Company has declared and paid cash dividends per ordinary and preferred share during the periods presented as follows:
Ordinary Shares Preferred Shares
Dividend Amount Dividend Amount
 Per Share (in millions) Per Share (in millions)
2021:
Second quarter $ —  $ —  $ 1.38  $ 16 
First quarter —  —  1.38  16 
Total $ —  $ —  $ 2.76  $ 32 
2020:
Fourth quarter $ —  $ —  $ 1.38  $ 16 
Third quarter —  —  1.42  16 
Second quarter —  —  —  — 
First quarter 0.22  56  —  — 
Total $ 0.22  $ 56  $ 2.80  $ 32 


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13. CHANGES IN ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
The changes in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Aptiv (net of tax) for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020 are shown below:
Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30,
2021 2020 2021 2020
(in millions)
Foreign currency translation adjustments:
Balance at beginning of period
$ (536) $ (723) $ (445) $ (597)
Aggregate adjustment for the period (1)
42  18  (49) (108)
Balance at end of period
(494) (705) (494) (705)
Gains (losses) on derivatives:
Balance at beginning of period
33  (140) 40  13 
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications (nil net tax effect for all periods presented) 25  54  37  (95)
Reclassification to income (nil net tax effect for all periods presented) (20) 22  (39) 18 
Balance at end of period 38  (64) 38  (64)
Pension and postretirement plans:
Balance at beginning of period
(133) (128) (140) (135)
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications (net tax expense (benefit) of $1, $0, ($1) and ($1)) 15  —  18 
Reclassification to income (net tax benefit of $1, $1, $2 and $2) 12 
Balance at end of period (110) (125) (110) (125)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss, end of period $ (566) $ (894) $ (566) $ (894)
(1)Includes losses of $19 million and gains $44 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, respectively, and losses of $8 million and $2 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, respectively, related to non-derivative net investment hedges. Refer to Note 14. Derivatives and Hedging Activities for further description of these hedges.
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Reclassifications from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) to income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020 were as follows:
Reclassification Out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Details About Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income Components Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30, Affected Line Item in the Statements of Operations
2021 2020 2021 2020
(in millions)
Gains (losses) on derivatives:
Commodity derivatives $ 20  $ (8) $ 39  $ (11) Cost of sales
Foreign currency derivatives —  (14) —  (7) Cost of sales
20  (22) 39  (18) Income (loss) before income taxes
—  —  —  —  Income tax (expense) benefit
20  (22) 39  (18) Net income (loss)
—  —  —  —  Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest
$ 20  $ (22) $ 39  $ (18) Net income (loss) attributable to Aptiv
Pension and postretirement plans:
Actuarial losses $ (4) $ (4) $ (9) $ (8) Other (expense) income, net (1)
Curtailment loss (5) —  (5) —  Other (expense) income, net (1)
(9) (4) (14) (8) Income (loss) before income taxes
Income tax (expense) benefit
(8) (3) (12) (6) Net income (loss)
—  —  —  —  Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest
$ (8) $ (3) $ (12) $ (6) Net income (loss) attributable to Aptiv
Total reclassifications for the period $ 12  $ (25) $ 27  $ (24)
(1)These accumulated other comprehensive loss components are included in the computation of net periodic pension cost (see Note 9. Pension Benefits for additional details).

14. DERIVATIVES AND HEDGING ACTIVITIES
Cash Flow Hedges
Aptiv is exposed to market risk, such as fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates, commodity prices and changes in interest rates, which may result in cash flow risks. To manage the volatility relating to these exposures, Aptiv aggregates the exposures on a consolidated basis to take advantage of natural offsets. For exposures that are not offset within its operations, Aptiv enters into various derivative transactions pursuant to its risk management policies, which prohibit holding or issuing derivative financial instruments for speculative purposes, and designation of derivative instruments is performed on a transaction basis to support hedge accounting. The changes in fair value of these hedging instruments are offset in part or in whole by corresponding changes in the fair value or cash flows of the underlying exposures being hedged. Aptiv assesses the initial and ongoing effectiveness of its hedging relationships in accordance with its documented policy.
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As of June 30, 2021, the Company had the following outstanding notional amounts related to commodity and foreign currency forward and option contracts designated as cash flow hedges that were entered into to hedge forecasted exposures:
Commodity Quantity Hedged Unit of Measure Notional Amount
(Approximate USD Equivalent)
  (in thousands) (in millions)
Copper 74,033  pounds $ 325 
Foreign Currency Quantity Hedged Unit of Measure Notional Amount
(Approximate USD Equivalent)
  (in millions)
Mexican Peso 14,868  MXN $ 750 
Chinese Yuan Renminbi 2,458  RMB 380 
Euro 187  EUR 225 
Polish Zloty 542  PLN 145 
Hungarian Forint 9,743  HUF 35 
As of June 30, 2021, Aptiv has entered into derivative instruments to hedge cash flows extending out to June 2023.
Gains and losses on derivatives qualifying as cash flow hedges are recorded in accumulated OCI, to the extent that hedges are effective, until the underlying transactions are recognized in earnings. Unrealized amounts in accumulated OCI will fluctuate based on changes in the fair value of hedge derivative contracts at each reporting period. Net gains on cash flow hedges included in accumulated OCI as of June 30, 2021 were $68 million (approximately $68 million, net of tax). Of this total, approximately $58 million of gains are expected to be included in cost of sales within the next 12 months and approximately $10 million of gains are expected to be included in cost of sales in subsequent periods. Cash flow hedges are discontinued when Aptiv determines it is no longer probable that the originally forecasted transactions will occur. Cash flows from derivatives used to manage commodity and foreign exchange risks designated as cash flow hedges are classified as operating activities within the consolidated statements of cash flows.
Net Investment Hedges
The Company is also exposed to the risk that adverse changes in foreign currency exchange rates could impact its net investment in non-U.S. subsidiaries. To manage this risk, the Company designates certain qualifying derivative and non-derivative instruments, including foreign currency forward contracts and foreign currency-denominated debt, as net investment hedges of certain non-U.S. subsidiaries. The gains or losses on instruments designated as net investment hedges are recognized within OCI to offset changes in the value of the net investment in these foreign currency-denominated operations. Gains and losses reported in accumulated OCI are reclassified to earnings only when the related currency translation adjustments are required to be reclassified, usually upon sale or liquidation of the investment. Cash flows from derivatives designated as net investment hedges are classified as investing activities within the consolidated statements of cash flows.
The Company has entered into a series of forward contracts, each of which were designated as net investment hedges of the foreign currency exposure of the Company’s investments in certain Chinese Yuan Renminbi (“RMB”)-denominated subsidiaries. During the six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020, the Company paid $9 million and received $1 million, respectively, at settlement related to this series of forward contracts which matured during the period. In June 2021, the Company entered into forward contracts with a total notional amount of 2.6 billion RMB (approximately $410 million, using June 30, 2021 foreign currency rates), which matures in September 2021. Refer to the tables below for details of the fair value recorded in the consolidated balance sheets and the effects recorded in the consolidated statements of operations and consolidated statements of comprehensive income related to these derivative instruments.
The Company has designated the €700 million 2015 Euro-denominated Senior Notes and the €500 million 2016 Euro-denominated Senior Notes, as more fully described in Note 8. Debt, as net investment hedges of the foreign currency exposure of its investments in certain Euro-denominated subsidiaries. Due to changes in the value of the Euro-denominated debt instruments designated as net investment hedges, during the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, $19 million of losses and $44 million of gains, respectively, were recognized within the cumulative translation adjustment component of OCI. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, $8 million and $2 million of losses, respectively, were recognized within the cumulative translation adjustment component of OCI.
Included in accumulated OCI related to these net investment hedges were cumulative losses of $109 million and $153 million as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively.
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Derivatives Not Designated as Hedges
In certain occasions the Company enters into certain foreign currency and commodity contracts that are not designated as hedges. When hedge accounting is not applied to derivative contracts, gains and losses are recorded to other income (expense), net and cost of sales in the consolidated statements of operations.
Fair Value of Derivative Instruments in the Balance Sheet
The fair value of derivative financial instruments recorded in the consolidated balance sheets as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 are as follows:
  Asset Derivatives Liability Derivatives Net Amounts of Assets and (Liabilities) Presented in the Balance Sheet
  Balance Sheet Location June 30,
2021
Balance Sheet Location June 30,
2021
June 30,
2021
  (in millions)
Derivatives designated as cash flow hedges:
Commodity derivatives Other current assets $ 40  Accrued liabilities $ — 
Foreign currency derivatives* Other current assets 26  Other current assets $ 17 
Foreign currency derivatives* Accrued liabilities Accrued liabilities (4)
Commodity derivatives Other long-term assets 10  Other long-term liabilities — 
Foreign currency derivatives* Other long-term assets Other long-term assets
Foreign currency derivatives* Other long-term liabilities Other long-term liabilities (2)
Derivatives designated as net investment hedges:
Foreign currency derivatives Other current assets Accrued liabilities — 
Total derivatives designated as hedges $ 86  $ 21 
Derivatives not designated:
Commodity derivatives Other current assets $ Accrued liabilities $ — 
Total derivatives not designated as hedges $ $ — 
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  Asset Derivatives Liability Derivatives Net Amounts of Assets and (Liabilities) Presented in the Balance Sheet
  Balance Sheet Location December 31,
2020
Balance Sheet Location December 31,
2020
December 31,
2020
  (in millions)
Derivatives designated as cash flow hedges:
Commodity derivatives Other current assets $ 26  Accrued liabilities $ — 
Foreign currency derivatives* Other current assets 24  Other current assets $ 19 
Foreign currency derivatives* Accrued liabilities Accrued liabilities 13  (6)
Commodity derivatives Other long-term assets Other long-term liabilities — 
Foreign currency derivatives* Other long-term assets 17  Other long-term assets 13 
Foreign currency derivatives* Other long-term liabilities —  Other long-term liabilities (1)
Derivatives designated as net investment hedges:
Foreign currency derivatives Other current assets —  Accrued liabilities
Total derivatives designated as hedges $ 83  $ 25 
Derivatives not designated:
Foreign currency derivatives* Other current assets $ Other current assets $ — 
Total derivatives not designated as hedges $ $ — 
*    Derivative instruments within this category are subject to master netting arrangements and are presented on a net basis in the consolidated balance sheets in accordance with accounting guidance related to the offsetting of amounts related to certain contracts.
The fair value of Aptiv’s derivative financial instruments was in a net asset position as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020.
Effect of Derivatives on the Statements of Operations and Statements of Comprehensive Income
The pre-tax effect of derivative financial instruments in the consolidated statements of operations and consolidated statements of comprehensive income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020 is as follows:
Three Months Ended June 30, 2021 Gain (Loss) Recognized in OCI Gain Reclassified from OCI into Income
  (in millions)
Derivatives designated as cash flow hedges:
Commodity derivatives $ 17  $ 20 
Foreign currency derivatives 16  — 
Derivatives designated as net investment hedges:
Foreign currency derivatives (8) — 
Total $ 25  $ 20 
  Gain Recognized in Income
(in millions)
Derivatives not designated:
Foreign currency derivatives $ — 
Total $ — 
28

Three Months Ended June 30, 2020 Gain Recognized in OCI Loss Reclassified from OCI into Income
  (in millions)
Derivatives designated as cash flow hedges:
Commodity derivatives $ 28  $ (8)
Foreign currency derivatives 26  (14)
Derivatives designated as net investment hedges:
Foreign currency derivatives —  — 
Total $ 54  $ (22)
  Loss Recognized in Income
(in millions)
Derivatives not designated:
Foreign currency derivatives $ (2)
Total $ (2)
Six Months Ended June 30, 2021 Gain (Loss) Recognized in OCI Gain Reclassified from OCI into Income
  (in millions)
Derivatives designated as cash flow hedges:
Commodity derivatives $ 51  $ 39 
Foreign currency derivatives (7) — 
Derivatives designated as net investment hedges:
Foreign currency derivatives (7) — 
Total $ 37  $ 39 
  Gain (Loss) Recognized in Income
(in millions)
Derivatives not designated:
Commodity derivatives $
Foreign currency derivatives (2)
Total $ (1)
Six Months Ended June 30, 2020 (Loss) Gain Recognized in OCI Loss Reclassified from OCI into Income
  (in millions)
Derivatives designated as cash flow hedges:
Commodity derivatives $ (11) $ (11)
Foreign currency derivatives (85) (7)
Derivatives designated as net investment hedges:
Foreign currency derivatives — 
Total $ (95) $ (18)
  Loss Recognized in Income
(in millions)
Derivatives not designated:
Foreign currency derivatives $ (4)
Total $ (4)
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The gain or loss recognized in income for designated and non-designated derivative instruments was recorded to cost of sales and other income (expense), net in the consolidated statements of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

15. FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
Fair Value Measurements on a Recurring Basis
Derivative instruments—All derivative instruments are required to be reported on the balance sheet at fair value unless the transactions qualify and are designated as normal purchases or sales. Changes in fair value are reported currently through earnings unless they meet hedge accounting criteria. Aptiv’s derivative exposures are with counterparties with long-term investment grade credit ratings. Aptiv estimates the fair value of its derivative contracts using an income approach based on valuation techniques to convert future amounts to a single, discounted amount. Estimates of the fair value of foreign currency and commodity derivative instruments are determined using exchange traded prices and rates. Aptiv also considers the risk of non-performance in the estimation of fair value, and includes an adjustment for non-performance risk in the measure of fair value of derivative instruments. The non-performance risk adjustment reflects the credit default spread (“CDS”) applied to the net commodity by counterparty and foreign currency exposures by counterparty. When Aptiv is in a net derivative asset position, the counterparty CDS rates are applied to the net derivative asset position. When Aptiv is in a net derivative liability position, estimates of peer companies’ CDS rates are applied to the net derivative liability position.
In certain instances where market data is not available, Aptiv uses management judgment to develop assumptions that are used to determine fair value. This could include situations of market illiquidity for a particular currency or commodity or where observable market data may be limited. In those situations, Aptiv generally surveys investment banks and/or brokers and utilizes the surveyed prices and rates in estimating fair value.
As of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, Aptiv was in a net derivative asset position of $70 million and $61 million, respectively, and no significant adjustments were recorded for nonperformance risk based on the application of peer companies’ CDS rates, evaluation of our own nonperformance risk and because Aptiv’s exposures were to counterparties with investment grade credit ratings. Refer to Note 14. Derivatives and Hedging Activities for further information regarding derivatives.
Contingent consideration—The liability for contingent consideration is estimated as of the date of the acquisition and is recorded as part of the purchase price, and is subsequently re-measured to fair value at each reporting date, based on a probability-weighted analysis using a rate that reflects the uncertainty surrounding the expected outcomes, which the Company believes is appropriate and representative of market participant assumptions. The measurement of the liability for contingent consideration is based on significant inputs that are not observable in the market, and is therefore classified as a Level 3 measurement in accordance with ASC Topic 820-10-35. Examples of utilized unobservable inputs are estimated future earnings or milestone achievements of the acquired businesses and applicable discount rates. The estimate of the liability may fluctuate if there are changes in the actual or forecasted inputs utilized or in the discount rates used to determine the present value of contingent future cash flows. The Company regularly reviews these assumptions and makes adjustments to the fair value measurements as required by facts and circumstances. As of June 30, 2021, the Company has determined that all earn-out provisions have been achieved under existing agreements.
As of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the liability for contingent consideration classified within other current liabilities was $52 million and $52 million, respectively, representing the maximum required amounts to be paid under existing agreements. Adjustments to this liability for interest accretion are recognized in interest expense, and any other changes in the fair value of this liability are recognized within other income (expense), net in the consolidated statements of operations.
There were no changes in the contingent consideration liability classified as a Level 3 measurement during the six months ended June 30, 2021.
In accordance with existing agreements, the Company was required to deposit $52 million related to the contingent consideration liability into an escrow account (of which $16 million was deposited in the second quarter of 2019, $16 million was deposited in the first quarter of 2020 and $20 million was deposited in the first quarter of 2021). Accordingly, this amount is classified as restricted cash in the consolidated balance sheets. All amounts are anticipated to be released from the escrow account in the fourth quarter of 2021.
Publicly traded equity securities—All publicly traded equity securities are reported at fair value as of each reporting date. The measurement of the asset is based on quoted prices for identical assets on active market exchanges. Gains and losses from changes in the fair value of these securities are recorded within other income (expense), net on the consolidated statement of operations.
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As of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, Aptiv had the following assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis:
Total Quoted Prices in Active Markets
Level 1
Significant Other Observable Inputs
Level 2
Significant Unobservable Inputs
Level 3
  (in millions)
As of June 30, 2021:
Commodity derivatives $ 55  $ —  $ 55  $ — 
Foreign currency derivatives 21  —  21  — 
Publicly traded equity securities 49  49  —  — 
Total $ 125  $ 49  $ 76  $ — 
As of December 31, 2020:
Commodity derivatives $ 35  $ —  $ 35  $ — 
Foreign currency derivatives 35  —  35  — 
Total $ 70  $ —  $ 70  $ — 
As of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, Aptiv had the following liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis:
Total Quoted Prices in Active Markets
Level 1
Significant Other Observable Inputs
Level 2
Significant Unobservable Inputs
Level 3
  (in millions)
As of June 30, 2021:
Foreign currency derivatives $ $ —  $ $ — 
Contingent consideration 52  —  —  52 
Total $ 58  $ —  $ $ 52 
As of December 31, 2020:
Foreign currency derivatives $ $ —  $ $ — 
Contingent consideration 52  —  —  52 
Total $ 61  $ —  $ $ 52 
Non-derivative financial instruments—Aptiv’s non-derivative financial instruments include cash and cash equivalents, accounts and notes receivable, accounts payable, as well as debt, which consists of its accounts receivable factoring arrangement, finance leases and other debt issued by Aptiv’s non-U.S. subsidiaries, the Revolving Credit Facility, the Tranche A Term Loan and all series of outstanding senior notes. The fair value of debt is based on quoted market prices for instruments with public market data or significant other observable inputs for instruments without a quoted public market price (Level 2). As of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, total debt was recorded at $4,047 million and $4,101 million, respectively, and had estimated fair values of $4,501 million and $4,490 million, respectively. For all other financial instruments recorded at June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, fair value approximates book value.
Fair Value Measurements on a Nonrecurring Basis
In addition to items that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis, Aptiv also has items in its balance sheet that are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis. As these items are not measured at fair value on a recurring basis, they are not included in the tables above. Nonfinancial assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis include certain long-lived assets, equity investments without readily determinable fair values, intangible assets, asset retirement obligations, share-based compensation and liabilities for exit or disposal activities measured at fair value upon initial recognition. Aptiv recorded no non-cash asset impairment charges during the three and six months ended June 30, 2021. Aptiv recorded non-cash asset impairment charges totaling $4 million for the three months ended June 30, 2020, within cost of sales related to declines in the fair values of certain fixed assets. Fair value of long-lived and intangible assets is determined primarily using the anticipated cash flows discounted at a rate commensurate with the risk involved and a review of appraisals or other market indicators and management estimates. As such, Aptiv has determined that the fair value measurements of long-lived and intangible assets fall in Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy.

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16. OTHER INCOME, NET
Other income (expense), net included:
  Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30,
2021 2020 2021 2020
  (in millions)
Interest income $ $ $ $
Loss on modification of debt (1) (4) (1) (4)
Components of net periodic benefit cost other than service cost (Note 9) (9) (5) (14) (10)
Gain on change in fair value of publicly traded equity securities —  — 
Other, net (1)
Other (expense) income, net $ —  $ (6) $ $ (7)
During the three months ended June 30, 2021, an unrealized gain of $9 million was recognized for publicly traded equity securities still held as of June 30, 2021. Also, as further discussed in Note 8. Debt, during the three months ended June 30, 2021, Aptiv recorded a loss on debt modification of $1 million in conjunction with the June 2021 amendment to the Credit Agreement.
As further discussed in Note 8. Debt, during the three months ended June 30, 2020, Aptiv recorded a loss on debt modification of $4 million, in conjunction with the May 2020 amendment to the Credit Agreement.

17. ACQUISITIONS AND DIVESTITURES
Acquisition of Ulti-Mate Connector, Inc.
On April 30, 2021, Aptiv acquired certain assets of Ulti-Mate Connector, Inc. (“Ulti-Mate”), a manufacturer of miniature and micro-miniature connectors and cable assemblies, for total consideration of $45 million, net of cash acquired. The results of the operations of Ulti-Mate are reported within the Signal and Power Solutions segment from the date of acquisition. The Company acquired Ulti-Mate utilizing cash on hand.
The acquisition was accounted for as a business combination, with the total purchase price allocated on a preliminary basis using information available, in the second quarter of 2021. The preliminary purchase price and related allocation to the acquired net assets of Ulti-Mate based on their estimated fair values is shown below (in millions):
Assets acquired and liabilities assumed
Purchase price, cash consideration, net of cash acquired $ 45 
Intangible assets $ 17 
Other assets, net
Identifiable net assets acquired 22 
Goodwill resulting from purchase 23 
Total purchase price allocation $ 45 
Intangible assets primarily include amounts recognized for the fair value of customer-based assets, which will be amortized over their estimated useful lives of approximately 9 years. The estimated fair value of these assets was based on third-party valuations and management’s estimates, generally utilizing income and market approaches. Goodwill recognized in this transaction is primarily attributable to synergies expected to arise after the acquisition, and an insignificant portion of the goodwill is expected to be deductible for tax purposes.
The purchase price and related allocation are preliminary and could be revised as a result of adjustments made to the purchase price, additional information obtained regarding liabilities assumed, including, but not limited to, contingent liabilities, revisions of provisional estimates of fair values, including, but not limited to, the completion of independent appraisals and valuations related to property, plant and equipment and intangible assets, and certain tax attributes.
The pro forma effects of this acquisition would not materially impact the Company’s reported results for any period presented, and as a result no pro forma financial statements were presented.
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Acquisition of Dynawave Inc.
On August 4, 2020, Aptiv acquired 100% of the equity interests of Dynawave Inc. (“Dynawave”), a specialized manufacturer of custom-engineered interconnect solutions for a wide range of industries, for total consideration of $22 million. The results of the operations of Dynawave are reported within the Signal and Power Solutions segment from the date of the acquisition. The Company acquired Dynawave utilizing cash on hand.
The acquisition was accounted for as a business combination, with the total purchase price allocated on a preliminary basis using information available, in the third quarter of 2020. The preliminary purchase price and related allocation to the acquired net assets of Dynawave based on their estimated fair values is shown below (in millions):
Assets acquired and liabilities assumed
Purchase price, cash consideration, net of cash acquired $ 22 
Intangible assets $
Other assets, net
Identifiable net assets acquired 12 
Goodwill resulting from purchase 10 
Total purchase price allocation $ 22 
Intangible assets primarily include amounts recognized for the fair value of customer-based assets, which will be amortized over their estimated useful lives of approximately 9 years. The estimated fair value of these assets was based on third-party valuations and management’s estimates, generally utilizing income and market approaches. Goodwill recognized in this transaction is primarily attributable to synergies expected to arise after the acquisition and the assembled workforce of Dynawave, and an insignificant portion of the goodwill is expected to be deductible for tax purposes.
The purchase price and related allocation are preliminary and could be revised as a result of adjustments made to the purchase price, additional information obtained regarding liabilities assumed, including, but not limited to, contingent liabilities, revisions of provisional estimates of fair values, including, but not limited to, the completion of independent appraisals and valuations related to property, plant and equipment and intangible assets, and certain tax attributes.
The pro forma effects of this acquisition would not materially impact the Company’s reported results for any period presented, and as a result no pro forma financial statements were presented.
Technology Investments
The Company has made technology investments in certain non-consolidated affiliates for ownership interests of less than 20%, as described in Note 2. Significant Accounting Policies. Certain of these investments do not have readily determinable fair values and are measured at cost, less impairments, adjusted for observable price changes in orderly transactions for identical or similar investments of the same issuer. The Company also holds technology investments in publicly traded equity securities. These investments are measured at fair value based on quoted prices for identical assets on active market exchanges.
The following is a summary of technology investments, which are classified within other long-term assets in the consolidated balance sheets, as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020:
Investment Name Segment June 30, 2021 December 31, 2020
(in millions)
Krono-Safe, SAS Advanced Safety and User Experience $ $
Affectiva, Inc. Advanced Safety and User Experience —  15 
Innoviz Technologies Advanced Safety and User Experience —  25 
LeddarTech, Inc. Advanced Safety and User Experience 10  10 
Valens Semiconductor Ltd. Signal and Power Solutions 10  10 
Otonomo Technologies Ltd. Advanced Safety and User Experience 37  37 
Quanergy Systems, Inc Advanced Safety and User Experience
Publicly traded equity securities Advanced Safety and User Experience 49  — 
Other investments Advanced Safety and User Experience
Total $ 124  $ 113 
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In April 2021, Innoviz Technologies (“Innoviz”) merged with a publicly traded Special Purpose Acquisition Company (“SPAC”) and shares of Innoviz began trading on the Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol INVZ. As part of the SPAC merger, our preferred shares in Innoviz were converted into Innoviz ordinary shares. Following this conversion, the fair value of the Innoviz investment is measured on a recurring basis, with changes in fair value recorded to other income (expense), net. As of June 30, 2021, Aptiv’s shares of Innoviz were valued at $34 million and are included within publicly traded equity securities in the table above.
In June 2021, Affectiva, Inc. (“Affectiva”) was acquired by Smart Eye AB (“Smart Eye”), which is publicly traded on the Nasdaq Stockholm AB stock exchange. As part of the acquisition, Aptiv received shares of Smart Eye in exchange for Aptiv’s Affectiva preferred shares. Following the acquisition, the fair value of Aptiv’s Smart Eye investment is measured on a recurring basis, with changes in fair value recorded to other income (expense), net. As of June 30, 2021, Aptiv’s shares of Smart Eye were valued at $15 million and are included within publicly traded equity securities in the table above.
There were no other material transactions, events or changes in circumstances requiring an impairment or an observable price change adjustment to our investments without readily determinable fair value. The Company continues to monitor these investments to identify potential transactions which may indicate an impairment or an observable price change requiring an adjustment to its carrying value.
Autonomous Driving Joint Venture
On March 26, 2020, Aptiv completed the transaction with Hyundai Motor Group (“Hyundai”) to form a joint venture focused on the design, development and commercialization of autonomous driving technologies. The joint venture operates globally under the Motional brand name. Under the terms of the agreement, Aptiv contributed to the joint venture autonomous driving technology, intellectual property and approximately 700 employees for a 50% ownership interest in the entity. Hyundai contributed to the joint venture approximately $1.6 billion in cash, along with vehicle engineering services, research and development resources and access to intellectual property for a 50% ownership interest in the entity. As a result, subsequent to the closing of the transaction, the joint venture is expected to fund all of its future operating expenses and investments in autonomous driving technologies for the foreseeable future. Consequently, Aptiv is no longer required to fund these investments and expenses, which approximated $180 million for the year ended December 31, 2019 prior to the joint venture formation. Upon closing of the transaction, Aptiv deconsolidated the carrying value of the associated assets and liabilities contributed to the joint venture, previously classified as held for sale, and recognized an asset of approximately $2 billion within investments in affiliates in the consolidated balance sheet, based on the preliminary fair value of its investment in the newly formed joint venture. The Company recognized a pre-tax gain of approximately $1.4 billion in the consolidated statement of operations (approximately $5.57 per diluted share during the six months ended June 30, 2020), net of transaction costs of $22 million, based on the difference between the carrying value of its contribution to the joint venture and the preliminary fair value of its investment in the entity. The estimated fair value of Aptiv’s ownership interest in the joint venture was determined primarily based on third-party valuations and management estimates, generally utilizing income and market approaches. Determining the fair value of the joint venture and the underlying assets requires the use of management’s judgment and involves significant estimates and assumptions with respect to the timing and amount of future cash flows, market rate assumptions, projected growth rates and margins, and appropriate discount rates, among other items. The estimated fair value was determined on a preliminary basis using information available in the first quarter of 2020 and was finalized in the first quarter of 2021. The effects of this transaction would not materially impact the Company’s reported results for any period presented, and the transaction did not meet the criteria to be reflected as a discontinued operation.
In connection with the closing of the transaction, Aptiv and the entity entered into various agreements to facilitate an orderly transition and to provide a framework for their relationship going forward, which included a transition services agreement. The transition services primarily involve Aptiv providing certain administrative services to the joint venture for a period of up to 24 months after the closing date. These agreements are not material to Aptiv.
The Company’s investment in the joint venture is accounted for using the equity method of accounting and Aptiv recognized an equity loss of $55 million and $100 million, net of tax, during the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, respectively, and $21 million and $22 million, net of tax, during the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, respectively. The pre-tax loss of Aptiv’s autonomous driving operations that were contributed to the joint venture on March 26, 2020, included within Aptiv’s consolidated operating results, was $41 million for the six months ended June 30, 2020.
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Motional Lease Agreement
Upon closing of the transaction, Aptiv agreed to sublease certain office space to Motional, which has a remaining lease term of approximately 8 years as of June 30, 2021. Total income under the agreement was $1 million and $2 million during the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, respectively, and $1 million and $1 million during the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, respectively. The sublease income and Aptiv’s associated operating lease cost are recorded to cost of sales in the consolidated statement of operations. The Company believes the terms of the lease agreement have not significantly been affected by the fact the Company and the lessee are related parties.

18. SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION
Long-Term Incentive Plan
The Aptiv PLC Long-Term Incentive Plan, as amended and restated effective April 23, 2015 (the “PLC LTIP”), allows for the grant of awards of up to 25,665,448 ordinary shares for long-term compensation. The PLC LTIP is designed to align the interests of management and shareholders. The awards can be in the form of shares, options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, restricted stock units (“RSUs”), performance awards and other share-based awards to the employees, directors, consultants and advisors of the Company. The Company has awarded annual long-term grants of RSUs under the PLC LTIP in order to align management compensation with Aptiv’s overall business strategy. In addition, the Company has competitive and market-appropriate ownership requirements for its directors and officers. All of the RSUs granted under the PLC LTIP are eligible to receive dividend equivalents for any dividend paid from the grant date through the vesting date. Dividend equivalents are generally paid out in ordinary shares upon vesting of the underlying RSUs.
Board of Director Awards
Aptiv has granted RSUs to the Board of Directors as detailed in the table below:
Grant Date RSUs granted Grant Date Fair Value (1) Vesting Date Shares Issued Upon Vesting Fair Value of Shares at Issuance Shares Withheld to Cover Withholding Taxes
(dollars in millions)
April 2021 17,589  $ April 2022 N/A N/A N/A
April 2020 48,745  April 2021 41,896  $ 6,849 
April 2019 20,765  April 2020 23,816  2,041 
(1)Determined based on the closing price of the Company’s ordinary shares on the date of the grant.
Executive Awards
Aptiv has made annual grants of RSUs to its executives in February of each year beginning in 2012. These awards include a time-based vesting portion and a performance-based vesting portion, as well as continuity awards in certain years. The time-based RSUs, which make up 40% (25% prior to 2021) of the awards for Aptiv’s officers and 50% for Aptiv’s other executives, vest ratably over three years beginning on the first anniversary of the grant date. The performance-based RSUs, which make up 60% (75% prior to 2021) of the awards for Aptiv’s officers and 50% for Aptiv’s other executives, vest at the completion of a three-year performance period if certain targets are met. Each executive will receive between 0% and 150% of his or her target performance-based award based on the Company’s performance against established company-wide performance metrics, which are:
Metric 2020 - 2021
Grants
2017 - 2019
Grants
Average return on net assets (1) 33% 50%
Cumulative net income 33% 25%
Relative total shareholder return (2) 33% 25%
(1)Average return on net assets is measured by tax-affected operating income divided by average net working capital plus average net property, plant and equipment for each calendar year during the respective performance period.
(2)Relative total shareholder return is measured by comparing the average closing price per share of the Company’s ordinary shares for the specified trading days in the fourth quarter of the end of the performance period to the average closing price per share of the Company’s ordinary shares for the specified trading days in the fourth quarter of the year preceding the grant, including dividends, and assessed against a comparable measure of competitor and peer group companies.
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The details of the executive grants were as follows:
Grant Date RSUs Granted Grant Date Fair Value Time-Based Award Vesting Dates Performance-Based Award Vesting Date
(in millions)
February 2017 0.80  $ 63  Annually on anniversary of grant date, 2018 - 2020 December 31, 2019
February 2018 0.63  61  Annually on anniversary of grant date, 2019 - 2021 December 31, 2020
February 2019 0.71  62  Annually on anniversary of grant date, 2020 - 2022 December 31, 2021
February 2020 0.75  62  Annually on anniversary of grant date, 2021 - 2023 December 31, 2022
February 2021 0.44  72  Annually on anniversary of grant date, 2022 - 2024 December 31, 2023
The grant date fair value of the RSUs is determined based on the target number of awards issued, the closing price of the Company’s ordinary shares on the date of the grant of the award, including an estimate for forfeitures, and a contemporaneous valuation performed by an independent valuation specialist with respect to the relative total shareholder return awards.
Any new executives hired after the annual executive RSU grant date may be eligible to participate in the PLC LTIP. The Company has also granted additional awards to employees in certain periods under the PLC LTIP. Any off cycle grants made for new hires or to other employees are valued at their grant date fair value based on the closing price of the Company’s ordinary shares on the date of such grant.
The details of the shares issued upon vesting of the executive grants are as follows:
Time-Based Awards Performance-Based Awards
Vesting Date Ordinary Shares Issued Upon Vesting Fair Value of Shares at Issuance Ordinary Shares Withheld to Cover Withholding Taxes Ordinary Shares Issued Upon Vesting Fair Value of Shares at Issuance Ordinary Shares Withheld to Cover Withholding Taxes
(in millions) (in millions)
Q1 2021 449,426  $ 67  177,825  288,074  $ 43  121,609 
Q1 2020 468,240  37  181,495  580,390  45  243,080 
A summary of RSU activity, including award grants, vesting and forfeitures is provided below:
RSUs Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
  (in thousands)
Nonvested, January 1, 2021 1,786  $ 102.95 
Granted 575  160.28 
Vested (497) 79.97 
Forfeited (89) 110.31 
Nonvested, June 30, 2021 1,775  127.61 
Aptiv recognized compensation expense of $28 million ($28 million, net of tax) and $13 million ($13 million, net of tax) based on the Company’s best estimate of ultimate performance against the respective targets during the three months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively. Aptiv recognized share-based compensation expense of $57 million ($57 million, net of tax) and $12 million ($12 million, net of tax) based on the Company’s best estimate of ultimate performance against the respective targets during the six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively. Aptiv will continue to recognize compensation expense, based on the grant date fair value of the awards applied to the Company’s best estimate of ultimate performance against the respective targets, over the requisite vesting periods of the awards. Based on the grant date fair value of the awards and the Company’s best estimate of ultimate performance against the respective targets as of June 30, 2021, unrecognized compensation expense on a pre-tax basis of approximately $168 million is anticipated to be recognized over a weighted average period of approximately 2 years. For the six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020, approximately $45 million and $33 million, respectively, of cash was paid and reflected as a financing activity in the statements of cash flows related to the tax withholding for vested RSUs.

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19. SEGMENT REPORTING
Aptiv operates its core business along the following operating segments, which are grouped on the basis of similar product, market and operating factors:
Signal and Power Solutions, which includes complete electrical architecture and component products.
Advanced Safety and User Experience, which includes component and systems integration expertise in advanced safety, user experience and connectivity and security solutions, as well as advanced software development and autonomous driving technologies.
Eliminations and Other, which includes i) the elimination of inter-segment transactions, and ii) certain other expenses and income of a non-operating or strategic nature.
The accounting policies of the segments are the same as those described in Note 2. Significant Accounting Policies, except that the disaggregated financial results for the segments have been prepared using a management approach, which is consistent with the basis and manner in which management internally disaggregates financial information for which Aptiv’s chief operating decision maker regularly reviews financial results to assess performance of, and make internal operating decisions about allocating resources to, the segments.
Generally, Aptiv evaluates segment performance based on stand-alone segment net income (loss) before interest expense, other income (expense), net, income tax (expense) benefit, equity income (loss), net of tax, restructuring, other acquisition and portfolio project costs (which includes costs incurred to integrate acquired businesses and to plan and execute product portfolio transformation actions, including business and product acquisitions and divestitures), asset impairments, gains (losses) on business divestitures and other transactions and deferred compensation related to acquisitions (“Adjusted Operating Income (Loss)”) and accounts for inter-segment sales and transfers as if the sales or transfers were to third parties, at current market prices. Aptiv’s management utilizes Adjusted Operating Income (Loss) as the key performance measure of segment income or loss to evaluate segment performance, and for planning and forecasting purposes to allocate resources to the segments, as management believes this measure is most reflective of the operational profitability or loss of Aptiv’s operating segments. Segment Adjusted Operating Income (Loss) should not be considered a substitute for results prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP and should not be considered an alternative to net income (loss) attributable to Aptiv, which is the most directly comparable financial measure to Adjusted Operating Income (Loss) that is prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Segment Adjusted Operating Income (Loss), as determined and measured by Aptiv, should also not be compared to similarly titled measures reported by other companies.
Included below are sales and operating data for Aptiv’s segments for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020.
Signal and Power Solutions Advanced Safety and User Experience Eliminations and Other (1) Total
  (in millions)
For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2021:
Net sales $ 2,846  $ 970  $ (9) $ 3,807 
Depreciation and amortization $ 153  $ 44  $ —  $ 197 
Adjusted operating income $ 277  $ 24  $ —  $ 301 
Operating income $ 265  $ 20  $ —  $ 285 
Equity income (loss), net of tax $ $ (55) $ —  $ (53)
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest $ $ —  $ —  $
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Signal and Power Solutions Advanced Safety and User Experience Eliminations and Other (1) Total
  (in millions)
For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2020:
Net sales $ 1,435  $ 530  $ (5) $ 1,960 
Depreciation and amortization $ 143  $ 41  $ —  $ 184 
Adjusted operating loss $ (143) $ (86) $ —  $ (229)
Operating loss $ (208) $ (103) $ —  $ (311)
Equity income (loss), net of tax $ $ (21) $ —  $ (18)
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest
$ $ —  $ —  $
Signal and Power Solutions Advanced Safety and User Experience Eliminations and Other (1) Total
  (in millions)
For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2021:
Net sales $ 5,868  $ 1,981  $ (19) $ 7,830 
Depreciation and amortization $ 302  $ 88  $ —  $ 390 
Adjusted operating income $ 648  $ 90  $ —  $ 738 
Operating income $ 637  $ 77  $ —  $ 714 
Equity income (loss), net of tax $ $ (100) $ —  $ (95)
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest
$ $ —  $ —  $
Signal and Power Solutions Advanced Safety and User Experience Eliminations and Other (1) Total
  (in millions)
For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2020:
Net sales $ 3,765  $ 1,432  $ (11) $ 5,186 
Depreciation and amortization $ 282  $ 82  $ —  $ 364 
Adjusted operating income (loss) $ 82  $ (80) $ —  $
Operating (loss) income (2) $ (9) $ 1,317  $ —  $ 1,308 
Equity income (loss), net of tax $ $ (22) $ —  $ (16)
Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest $ (4) $ —  $ —  $ (4)
(1)Eliminations and Other includes the elimination of inter-segment transactions.
(2)Includes a pre-tax gain of $1.4 billion within Advanced Safety and User Experience for the completion of the Motional autonomous driving joint venture. Refer to Note 17. Acquisitions and Divestitures for additional information.
The reconciliation of Adjusted Operating Income (Loss) to operating income (loss) includes, as applicable, restructuring, other acquisition and portfolio project costs (which includes costs incurred to integrate acquired businesses and to plan and execute product portfolio transformation actions, including business and product acquisitions and divestitures), asset impairments, gains (losses) on business divestitures and other transactions and deferred compensation related to acquisitions. The reconciliations of Adjusted Operating Income (Loss) to net income (loss) attributable to Aptiv for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020 are as follows:
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Signal and Power Solutions Advanced Safety and User Experience Eliminations and Other Total
  (in millions)
For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2021:
Adjusted operating income $ 277  $ 24  $ —  $ 301 
Restructuring (11) (3) —  (14)
Other acquisition and portfolio project costs (1) (1) —  (2)
Operating income $ 265  $ 20  $ —  285 
Interest expense (38)
Income before income taxes and equity loss 247 
Income tax expense (28)
Equity loss, net of tax
(53)
Net income 166 
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest
Net income attributable to Aptiv $ 163 
Signal and Power Solutions Advanced Safety and User Experience Eliminations and Other Total
  (in millions)
For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2020:
Adjusted operating loss $ (143) $ (86) $ —  $ (229)
Restructuring (60) (12) —  (72)
Other acquisition and portfolio project costs (1) (1) —  (2)
Asset impairments (4) —  —  (4)
Deferred compensation related to acquisitions —  (4) —  (4)
Operating loss $ (208) $ (103) $ —  (311)
Interest expense (44)
Other expense, net (6)
Loss before income taxes and equity loss (361)
Income tax benefit 14 
Equity loss, net of tax (18)
Net loss (365)
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest
Net loss attributable to Aptiv $ (366)
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Signal and Power Solutions Advanced Safety and User Experience Eliminations and Other Total
  (in millions)
For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2021:
Adjusted operating income $ 648  $ 90  $ —  $ 738 
Restructuring (9) (11) —  (20)
Other acquisition and portfolio project costs (2) (2) —  (4)
Operating income $ 637  $ 77  $ —  714 
Interest expense (78)
Other income, net
Income before income taxes and equity loss 637 
Income tax expense (76)
Equity loss, net of tax
(95)
Net income 466 
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest
Net income attributable to Aptiv $ 458 
Signal and Power Solutions Advanced Safety and User Experience Eliminations and Other Total
  (in millions)
For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2020:
Adjusted operating income (loss) $ 82  $ (80) $ —  $
Restructuring (79) (21) —  (100)
Other acquisition and portfolio project costs (8) (8) —  (16)
Asset impairments (4) —  —  (4)
Deferred compensation related to acquisitions —  (8) —  (8)
Gain on business divestitures and other transactions —  1,434  —  1,434 
Operating (loss) income $ (9) $ 1,317  $ —  1,308 
Interest expense (87)
Other expense, net (7)
Income before income taxes and equity loss 1,214 
Income tax benefit
Equity loss, net of tax (16)
Net income 1,202 
Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest (4)
Net income attributable to Aptiv $ 1,206 

20. REVENUE
Revenue is recognized to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which we expect to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. Accordingly, revenue is measured based on consideration specified in a contract with a customer. Customer contracts generally are represented by a combination of a current purchase order and a current production schedule issued by the customer. The Company recognizes revenue when it satisfies a performance obligation by transferring control over a product or service to a customer. From time to time, Aptiv enters into pricing agreements with its customers that provide for price reductions, some of which are conditional upon achieving certain joint cost savings targets. In these instances, revenue is recognized based on the agreed-upon price at the time of shipment.
Sales incentives and allowances are recognized as a reduction to revenue at the time of the related sale. Taxes assessed by a governmental authority that are both imposed on and concurrent with a specific revenue-producing transaction that are
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collected by Aptiv from a customer are excluded from revenue. Shipping and handling fees billed to customers are included in net sales, while costs of shipping and handling are included in cost of sales.
Nature of Goods and Services
The principal activity from which the Company generates its revenue is the manufacturing of production parts for OEM customers. Aptiv recognizes revenue for production parts at a point in time, rather than over time, as the performance obligation is satisfied when customers obtain control of the product upon title transfer and not as the product is manufactured or developed.
Although production parts are highly customized with no alternative use, Aptiv does not have an enforceable right to payment as customers have the right to cancel a product program without a notification period. The amount of revenue recognized is based on the purchase order price and adjusted for revenue allocated to variable consideration (i.e. estimated rebates and price discounts), as applicable. Customers typically pay for production parts based on customary business practices with payment terms averaging 60 days.
Disaggregation of Revenue
Revenue generated from Aptiv’s operating segments is disaggregated by primary geographic market in the following tables for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020. Information concerning geographic market reflects the manufacturing location.
For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2021: Signal and Power Solutions Advanced Safety and User Experience Eliminations and Other Total
(in millions)
Geographic Market
North America $ 1,009  $ 283  $ (1) $ 1,291 
Europe, Middle East and Africa 899  442  (3) 1,338 
Asia Pacific 866  245  (5) 1,106 
South America 72  —  —  72 
Total net sales $ 2,846  $ 970  $ (9) $ 3,807 
For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2020: Signal and Power Solutions Advanced Safety and User Experience Eliminations and Other Total
(in millions)
Geographic Market
North America $ 401  $ 96  $ (1) $ 496 
Europe, Middle East and Africa 367  212  (1) 578 
Asia Pacific 648  222  (3) 867 
South America 19  —  —  19 
Total net sales $ 1,435  $ 530  $ (5) $ 1,960 
For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2021: Signal and Power Solutions Advanced Safety and User Experience Eliminations and Other Total
(in millions)
Geographic Market
North America $ 2,079  $ 596  $ (3) $ 2,672 
Europe, Middle East and Africa 1,892  893  (6) 2,779 
Asia Pacific 1,759  492  (10) 2,241 
South America 138  —  —  138 
Total net sales $ 5,868  $ 1,981  $ (19) $ 7,830 
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For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2020: Signal and Power Solutions Advanced Safety and User Experience Eliminations and Other Total
(in millions)
Geographic Market
North America $ 1,406  $ 388  $ (1) $ 1,793 
Europe, Middle East and Africa 1,145  655  (4) 1,796 
Asia Pacific 1,140  389  (6) 1,523 
South America 74  —  —  74 
Total net sales $ 3,765  $ 1,432  $ (11) $ 5,186 
Contract Balances
Consistent with the recognition of production parts revenue at a point in time as title transfers to the customer, Aptiv has no contract assets or contract liabilities balances as of June 30, 2021 or December 31, 2020.
Outstanding Performance Obligations
As customer contracts generally are represented by a combination of a current purchase order and a current production schedule issued by the customer for a production part, there are no contracts outstanding beyond one year. Aptiv does not enter into fixed long-term supply agreements.
As permitted, Aptiv does not disclose information about remaining performance obligations that have original expected durations of one year or less.
Costs to Obtain a Contract
From time to time, Aptiv makes payments to customers in conjunction with ongoing business. These payments to customers are generally recognized as a reduction to revenue at the time of the commitment to make these payments. However, certain other payments to customers, or upfront fees, meet the criteria to be considered a cost to obtain a contract as they are directly attributable to a contract, are incremental and management expects the fees to be recoverable. As of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, Aptiv has recorded $98 million (of which $32 million was classified within other current assets and $66 million was classified within other long-term assets) and $116 million (of which $30 million was classified within other current assets and $86 million was classified within other long-term assets), respectively, related to these capitalized upfront fees.
Capitalized upfront fees are amortized to revenue based on the transfer of goods and services to the customer for which the upfront fees relate, which typically range from three to five years. There have been no impairment losses in relation to the costs capitalized. The amount of amortization to net sales was $8 million and $5 million for the three months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively, and $14 million and $9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

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CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING INFORMATION
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, including the exhibits being filed as part of this report, as well as other statements made by Aptiv PLC (“Aptiv,” the “Company,” “we,” “us” and “our”), contain forward-looking statements that reflect, when made, the Company’s current views with respect to current events and financial performance. Such forward-looking statements are subject to many risks, uncertainties and factors relating to the Company’s operations and business environment, which may cause the actual results of the Company to be materially different from any future results, express or implied, by such forward-looking statements. All statements that address future operating, financial or business performance or the Company’s strategies or expectations are forward-looking statements. In some cases, you can identify these statements by forward-looking words such as “may,” “might,” “will,” “should,” “expects,” “plans,” “intends,” “anticipates,” “believes,” “estimates,” “predicts,” “projects,” “potential,” “outlook” or “continue,” and other comparable terminology. Factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from these forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, the following: global and regional economic conditions, including conditions affecting the credit market and resulting from the United Kingdom’s exit from the European Union, commonly referred to as “Brexit”; uncertainties posed by the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic and the difficulty in predicting its future course and its impact on the global economy and the Company’s future operations; fluctuations in interest rates and foreign currency exchange rates; the cyclical nature of global automotive sales and production; the potential disruptions in the supply of and changes in the competitive environment for raw material and other components integral to the Company’s products, including the current semiconductor supply shortage; the Company’s ability to maintain contracts that are critical to its operations; potential changes to beneficial free trade laws and regulations such as the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement; the ability of the Company to integrate and realize the expected benefits of recent transactions; the ability of the Company to attract, motivate and/or retain key executives; the ability of the Company to avoid or continue to operate during a strike, or partial work stoppage or slow down by any of its unionized employees or those of its principal customers; and the ability of the Company to attract and retain customers. Additional factors are discussed under the captions “Risk Factors” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in the Company’s filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission, including those set forth in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for fiscal year ended December 31, 2020 and within this Form 10-Q filing. New risks and uncertainties arise from time to time, and it is impossible for us to predict these events or how they may affect the Company. It should be remembered that the price of the ordinary shares and any income from them can go down as well as up. Aptiv disclaims any intention or obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events and/or otherwise, except as may be required by law.
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ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations (“MD&A”) is intended to help you understand the business operations and financial condition of the Company for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021. This discussion should be read in conjunction with Item 1. Financial Statements. Our MD&A is presented in eight sections:
Executive Overview
Consolidated Results of Operations
Results of Operations by Segment
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
Contingencies and Environmental Matters
Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements
Critical Accounting Estimates
Within the MD&A, “Aptiv,” the “Company,” “we,” “us” and “our” refer to Aptiv PLC, a public limited company formed under the laws of Jersey on May 19, 2011 as Delphi Automotive PLC, which completed an initial public offering on November 22, 2011. On December 4, 2017, the Company completed the separation (the “Separation”) of its former Powertrain Systems segment by distributing to Aptiv shareholders on a pro rata basis all of the issued and outstanding ordinary shares of Delphi Technologies PLC, a public limited company formed to hold the spun-off business. Following the Separation, the remaining company changed its name to Aptiv PLC and New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) symbol to “APTV.” The completion of the Separation positioned Aptiv as a mobility architecture provider focused on solving the complex challenges associated with safer, greener and more connected transportation. At the core of our capabilities is the power, data, software and compute expertise that are enabling a more sustainable future of mobility.

Executive Overview
Our Business
We are a leading global technology and mobility architecture company primarily serving the automotive sector. We design and manufacture vehicle components and provide electrical, electronic and active safety technology solutions to the global automotive market, creating the software and hardware foundation for vehicle features and functionality. We deliver end-to-end mobility solutions enabling our customers’ transition to more electrified, software-defined vehicles. Our Advanced Safety and User Experience segment is focused on providing the necessary software and advanced computing platforms, and our Signal and Power Solutions segment is focused on providing the requisite networking architecture required to support the integrated systems in today’s complex vehicles. Together, our businesses develop the ‘brain’ and the ‘nervous system’ of increasingly complex vehicles, providing integration of the vehicle into its operating environment.
We are one of the largest vehicle component manufacturers and our customers include 23 of the 25 of the largest automotive original equipment manufacturers (“OEMs”) in the world.
Our total net sales during the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 were $3.8 billion and $7.8 billion, an increase of 94% and 51% compared to the same periods of 2020, respectively. Our overall volumes increased 87% and 46% for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, respectively, reflecting higher global automotive production levels despite the ongoing direct and indirect adverse impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on vehicle production schedules and sales volumes, impacting the automotive industry. Our total net sales for the three and six months ended June 30, 2020 was adversely impacted by the governmental “lock-down” orders due to the COVID-19 pandemic for all non-essential activities, initially in China during the first quarter of 2020 and subsequently in Europe and North America.
We are focused on maintaining a low fixed cost structure that provides us flexibility to remain profitable at all points of the traditional vehicle industry production cycle, including during periods of reduced industry volumes. Accordingly, we will continue to adjust our cost structure and optimize our manufacturing footprint in response to changes in the global and regional automotive markets and in order to increase investment in advanced technologies and engineering as conditions permit. As we operate in a cyclical industry that is impacted by movements in the global and regional economies, we continually evaluate opportunities to further refine our cost structure, as evidenced by our ongoing restructuring programs focused on the continued rotation of our manufacturing footprint to best cost locations and on reducing our global overhead costs, as described in Note 7. Restructuring to the consolidated financial statements contained herein. We believe our strong balance sheet coupled with our
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flexible cost structure will position us to capitalize on improvements in OEM production volumes as economic and pandemic conditions improve.
Trends, Uncertainties and Opportunities
COVID-19 pandemic. The global spread of COVID-19, which originated in late 2019 and was later declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization in March 2020, negatively impacted the global economy, disrupted supply chains and created significant volatility in global financial markets throughout much of 2020 with various indirect adverse impacts continuing in 2021. During 2020, the adverse impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic included extended work stoppages in China during the first quarter of 2020, where we have a major manufacturing base, and the subsequent suspension of vehicle production by our OEM customers in North America and Europe, which combined accounted for approximately 70% of our annual net sales during the year ended December 31, 2020, as the pandemic spread to those regions and governmental authorities initiated “lock-down” orders for all non-essential activities. The work stoppages began to abate in China in March 2020, and North America and Europe OEM production restarted sporadically in the second quarter of 2020. During 2020, we took decisive actions to enhance our financial flexibility and minimize the impact on our business, such as the ramping down of certain production facilities in response to customer plant closures and changes in vehicle production schedules, imposing certain travel restrictions, suspending our ordinary share cash dividend and our ordinary share repurchase program, issuing $2.3 billion combined of preferred and ordinary shares, extending substantially all of our existing Credit Agreement’s maturity to August 2022 (which was further extended in its entirety to 2026 during the second quarter of 2021), and actively managing costs, capital spending and working capital to further strengthen our liquidity.
Despite our ongoing efforts to minimize the pandemic’s direct and indirect adverse impacts, we are unable to predict the ultimate impact to our business due to a number of evolving factors, including the duration and spread of the pandemic, the impact of the pandemic on economic activity and our supply chain, consumer demand and vehicle production schedules, and the actions of governmental authorities across the globe. We will continue to actively monitor all direct and indirect potential impacts of COVID-19, and will seek to aggressively mitigate and minimize their impact on our business.
Global supply chain disruptions. Due to various factors, there are currently global supply chain disruptions, including a worldwide semiconductor supply shortage. The semiconductor supply shortage, due in part to increased demand across multiple industries, is impacting production in automotive and other industries. We anticipate these supply chain disruptions will persist throughout much of the remainder of 2021. We, along with most automotive component supply companies that use semiconductors, have been unable to fully meet the vehicle production demands of OEMs because of events which are outside our control, including but not limited to, the COVID-19 pandemic, the global semiconductor shortage, fires in our suppliers’ facilities, unprecedented weather events in the southwestern United States, and other extraordinary events. Although we are working closely with suppliers and customers to minimize any potential adverse impacts of these events, some of our customers have indicated that they expect us to bear at least some responsibility for their lost production and other costs. While no assurances can be made as to the ultimate outcome of these customer expectations or any other future claims, we do not currently believe a loss is probable. We will continue to actively monitor all direct and indirect potential impacts of these supply chain disruptions, and will seek to aggressively mitigate and minimize their impact on our business.
Commercializing the high-tech evolution of the automotive industry. The automotive industry is increasingly evolving towards the implementation of software-dependent components and solutions. In particular, the industry is focused on the development of advanced driver assistance technologies, with the goal of developing and introducing a commercially-viable, fully automated driving experience. We expect automated driving technologies will provide strong societal benefit as well as the opportunity for long-term growth for our product offerings in this space. We are focused on enabling and delivering end-to-end smart mobility solutions, enabling our customers’ transition to more electrified, software-defined vehicles, and accelerating the commercialization of active safety and autonomous driving technologies and providing enhanced user experience and connected services.
We are continuing to invest in the automated driving space, and have continued to develop market-leading automated driving platform solutions such as automated driving software, key active safety sensing technologies and our multi-domain controller, which fuses information from sensing systems as well as mapping and navigation data to make driving decisions. We believe we are well-aligned with industry technology trends that will result in sustainable future growth in this space, and have partnered with leaders in their respective fields to advance the pace of development and commercialization of these emerging technologies.
In an effort to further our leadership position in the automated driving space, in March 2020 we completed the transaction with Hyundai Motor Group (“Hyundai”) to form a joint venture focused on the design, development and commercialization of autonomous driving technologies. The joint venture operates globally under the Motional brand name, and brings together one of the industry’s most innovative vehicle technology providers with one of the world’s largest OEMs. We expect this partnership to accelerate the path towards the development of production-ready autonomous driving systems for commercialization in the new mobility space.
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We believe that substantial strategic value will be created from our partnership with Hyundai through our commitment to a shared mission of making driverless vehicles a safe, reliable, and accessible reality. Furthermore, we anticipate Motional’s presence in both North America and Asia, along with the global presence of both Aptiv and Hyundai, to generate economies of scale to support the development of a complete autonomous driving platform, as well as to facilitate mobility infrastructure advancements.
The Motional joint venture began testing fully driverless systems in 2020 and anticipates it will have a production-ready autonomous driving platform available for robotaxi providers, fleet operators and automotive manufacturers to test at prototype scale in 2022, with higher volumes available for deployment in 2023. In addition, Motional is involved in collaborative arrangements with mobility providers and with smart cities such as Boston and Singapore as solutions are developed for the evolving nature of the mobility industry. As a result of our substantial investments and strategic partnerships, we believe we are well-aligned with industry technology trends that will result in sustainable future growth in these evolving areas.
However, there are many risks associated with these evolving areas, including the high development costs of active safety and autonomous driving technologies, the uncertain timing of customer and consumer adoption of these technologies, increased competition from entrants outside the traditional automotive industry and new and emerging regulations, such as the recently released federal guidance for automated driving systems published by the U.S. Department of Transportation. While we believe we are well-positioned in these markets, the high development cost of active safety and autonomous driving technologies may result in a higher risk of exposure to the success of new or disruptive technologies different than those being developed by us or our partners.
Economic conditions. Our business is directly related to automotive sales and automotive vehicle production by our customers. Automotive sales depend on a number of factors, including global and regional economic conditions. Global automotive vehicle production decreased 16% (19% on an Aptiv weighted market basis, which represents global vehicle production weighted to the geographic regions in which the Company generates its revenue, “AWM”) from 2019 to 2020, representing automotive vehicle production declines across all major regions during 2020, primarily due to the adverse global economic impacts and uncertainty caused by the worldwide spread of the COVID-19 pandemic. Compared to 2019, vehicle production in 2020 decreased by 22% in Europe, 21% in North America, 3% in China and 31% in South America, our smallest region. Compared to 2020, vehicle production in the first half of 2021 increased by 29% (30% on an AWM basis) and is currently anticipated to increase modestly for the full year of 2021, reflecting the continued recovery of the industry from the adverse impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Economic volatility or weakness in North America, Europe, China or South America could result in a significant reduction in automotive sales and production by our customers, which would have an adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition. There is also potential that geopolitical factors could adversely impact the U.S. and other economies, and specifically the automotive sector. In particular, changes to international trade agreements such as the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement, or other political pressures could affect the operations of our OEM customers, resulting in reduced automotive production in certain regions or shifts in the mix of production to higher cost regions. Increases in interest rates could also negatively impact automotive production as a result of increased consumer borrowing costs or reduced credit availability. Additionally, economic weakness may result in shifts in the mix of future automotive sales (from vehicles with more content such as luxury vehicles, trucks and sport utility vehicles toward smaller passenger cars). While our diversified customer and geographic revenue base, along with our flexible cost structure, have well positioned us to withstand the impact of industry downturns and benefit from industry upturns, shifts in the mix of global automotive production to higher cost regions or to vehicles with less content could adversely impact our profitability.
Key growth markets. There have been periods of increased market volatility and moderation in the level of economic growth in China, which resulted in periods of lower automotive production growth rates in China than those previously experienced, as evidenced by the reduction in volumes in the region during the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019. Despite these vehicle production declines, which in 2020 were primarily driven by the adverse impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic, and the moderation in the level of economic growth in China, rising income levels in China and other key growth markets are expected to result in stronger growth rates in these markets over the long-term. Our strong global presence, and presence in these markets, has positioned us to experience above-market growth rates over the long-term. We continue to expand our established presence in key growth markets, positioning us to benefit from the expected long-term growth opportunities in these regions. We are capitalizing on our long-standing relationships with the global OEMs and further enhancing our positions with the key growth market OEMs to continue expanding our worldwide leadership. We continue to build upon our extensive geographic reach to capitalize on fast-growing automotive markets. We believe that our presence in best cost countries positions us to realize incremental margin improvements as the global balance of automotive production shifts towards the key growth markets.
We have a strong local presence in China, including a major manufacturing base and well-established customer relationships. Each of our business segments have operations and sales in China. Our business in China remains sensitive to economic and market conditions that impact automotive sales volumes in China, and may be affected if the pace of growth
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slows as the Chinese market matures or if there are reductions in vehicle demand in China, as have recently been experienced as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. However, we continue to believe this market will benefit from long-term demand for new vehicles and stringent governmental regulation driving increased vehicle content, including accelerated demand for electrified vehicles.
Market driven products. Our product offerings satisfy the OEMs’ needs to meet increasingly stringent government regulations and meet consumer preferences for products that address the mega-trends of Safe, Green and Connected, leading to increased content per vehicle, greater profitability and higher margins. With these offerings, we believe we are well-positioned to benefit from the growing demand for vehicle content and technology related to safety, electrification, high speed data, connectivity to the global information network and automated driving technologies. We are benefiting from the substantial increase in vehicle content, software and electrification that requires a complex and reliable electrical architecture and systems to operate, such as automated advanced driver assistance technologies, electrical vehicle monitoring, active safety systems, lane departure warning systems, integrated vehicle cockpit displays, navigation systems and technologies that enable connected infotainment in vehicles. Our ability to design a reliable electrical architecture that optimizes power distribution and/or consumption is key to satisfying the OEMs’ needs to reduce emissions while continuing to meet consumer demand for increased vehicle content and technology.
Global capabilities. Many OEMs are continuing to adopt global vehicle platforms to increase standardization, reduce per unit cost and increase capital efficiency and profitability. As a result, OEMs are selecting suppliers that have the capability to manufacture products on a worldwide basis, as well as the flexibility to adapt to regional variations. Suppliers with global scale and strong design, engineering and manufacturing capabilities are best positioned to benefit from this trend. Our global footprint enables us to serve the global OEMs on a worldwide basis as we gain market share with the emerging market OEMs. This regional model is structured primarily to service the North American market from Mexico, the South American market from Brazil, the European market from Eastern Europe and North Africa and the Asia Pacific market from China, and we have continued to rotate our manufacturing footprint to best cost locations within these regions.
Our global operations are subject to certain risks inherent in doing business abroad, including unexpected changes in laws or regulations governing trade, or other monetary or tax fiscal policy changes, including tariffs, quotas, customs and other import or export restrictions or trade barriers. We are also subject to risks associated with actions taken by governmental authorities to impose changes in laws or regulations that restrict certain business operations, trade or travel in response to a pandemic or widespread outbreak of an illness. For instance, the worldwide spread of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 has had various direct and indirect adverse impacts on our global operations, the automotive industry and economies around the world. Most notably, the pandemic resulted in extended work stoppages and travel restrictions at our facilities and those of our customers and suppliers, decreases in consumer demand and vehicle production schedules, disruptions to our supply chain and other adverse global economic impacts, particularly those resulting from temporary governmental “lock-down” orders for all non-essential activities, initially in the first quarter in China and subsequently in Europe, North America and South America. Although certain of the adverse impacts of the pandemic abated during the second half of 2020, other direct and indirect adverse impacts continue, such as the overall supply chain disruptions and the global semiconductor supply shortage. These impacts continue to negatively affect the global economy and automotive industry, and we anticipate they will persist throughout much of the remainder of 2021. As a result, we are unable to predict the ultimate impact to our business due to a number of evolving factors, including the duration and spread of the pandemic, the impact of the pandemic on economic activity, our supply chain, consumer demand and vehicle production schedules, and the actions of governmental authorities across the globe.
In addition, existing free trade laws and regulations, such as the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement, provide certain beneficial duties and tariffs for qualifying imports and exports, subject to compliance with the applicable classification and other requirements. Changes in laws or policies governing the terms of foreign trade, and in particular increased trade restrictions, tariffs or taxes on imports from countries where we manufacture products, such as China and Mexico, could have a material adverse effect on our business and financial results. For instance, beginning in 2018, the U.S. and Chinese governments have imposed a series of significant incremental retaliatory tariffs to certain imported products. Most notably with respect to the automotive industry, the U.S. imposed tariffs on imports of certain steel, aluminum and automotive components, and China imposed retaliatory tariffs on imports of U.S. vehicles and certain automotive components. While these tariffs could have potentially adverse economic impacts, particularly with respect to the automotive industry and vehicle production levels, we do not anticipate a significant impact to our operations, as we have developed and implemented strategies to mitigate adverse tariff impacts, such as production localization and relocation, contract review and renegotiation and working with the appropriate governmental agencies. Further, our global footprint and regional model serves to minimize our exposure to cross-border transactions. However, despite recent trade negotiations between the U.S. and Chinese governments, the scope and duration of the imposed tariffs remain uncertain.
Product development. The automotive technology and components industry is highly competitive, both domestically and internationally, and is characterized by rapidly changing technology, evolving industry standards and changes in customer
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needs. Our ability to anticipate changes in technology and regulatory standards and to successfully develop and introduce new and enhanced products on a timely and cost competitive basis will be a significant factor in our ability to remain competitive. To compete effectively in the automotive technology and components industry, we must be able to develop and launch new products to meet our customers’ demands in a timely manner. Our innovative technologies and robust global engineering and development capabilities have us well positioned to meet the increasingly stringent vehicle manufacturer demands and consumer preferences for high-technology content in automobiles.
OEMs are increasingly looking to their suppliers to simplify vehicle design and assembly processes to reduce costs and weight. As a result, suppliers that sell vehicle components directly to manufacturers (Tier I suppliers) have assumed many of the design, engineering, research and development and assembly functions traditionally performed by vehicle manufacturers. Suppliers that can provide fully-engineered solutions, systems and pre-assembled combinations of component parts are positioned to leverage the trend toward system sourcing.
Engineering, design and development. Our history and culture of innovation have enabled us to develop significant intellectual property and design and development expertise to provide advanced technology solutions that meet the demands of our customers. We have a team of approximately 18,200 scientists, engineers and technicians focused on developing leading product solutions for our key markets, located at 12 major technical centers in China, Germany, India, Mexico, Poland, Singapore and the United States. We invest approximately $1.3 billion (which includes approximately $300 million co-investment by customers and government agencies) annually in research and development, including engineering, to maintain our portfolio of innovative products, and own/hold approximately 7,700 patents and protective rights. We also encourage “open innovation” and collaborate extensively with peers in the industry, government agencies and academic institutions. Our technology competencies are recognized by both customers and government agencies, who co-invest approximately $300 million annually in new product development, accelerating the pace of innovation and reducing the risk associated with successful commercialization of technological breakthroughs.
In the past, suppliers often incurred the initial cost of engineering, designing and developing automotive component parts, and recovered their investments over time by including a cost recovery component in the price of each part based on expected volumes. Recently, we and many other suppliers have negotiated for cost recovery payments independent of volumes. This trend reduces our economic risk.
Pricing. Cost-cutting initiatives adopted by our customers result in increased downward pressure on pricing. Our customer supply agreements generally require step-downs in component pricing over the periods of production and OEMs have historically possessed significant leverage over their outside suppliers because the automotive component supply industry is fragmented and serves a limited number of automotive OEMs. Our profitability depends in part on our ability to generate sufficient production cost savings in the future to offset price reductions.
We are focused on maintaining a low fixed cost structure that provides us flexibility to remain profitable at all points of the traditional vehicle industry production cycle. As a result, approximately 96% of our hourly workforce is located in best cost countries. Furthermore, we have substantial operational flexibility by leveraging a large workforce of temporary workers, which represented approximately 20% of the hourly workforce as of June 30, 2021. However, we will continue to adjust our cost structure and optimize our manufacturing footprint in response to changes in the global and regional automotive markets and in order to increase investment in advanced technologies and engineering, as evidenced by our ongoing restructuring programs focused on the continued rotation of our manufacturing footprint to best cost locations in Europe and on reducing our global overhead costs. As we continue to operate in a cyclical industry that is impacted by movements in the global and regional economies, we continually evaluate opportunities to further refine our cost structure.
We have a strong balance sheet with gross debt of approximately $4.0 billion and substantial available liquidity of approximately $5.5 billion of cash equivalents and available financing under our Revolving Credit Facility, which we extended to June 2026 during the second quarter, and committed European accounts receivable factoring facility as of June 30, 2021, and no significant U.S. defined benefit or workforce postretirement health care benefits and employer-paid postretirement basic life insurance benefits (“OPEB”) liabilities. As further described in Note 12. Shareholders’ and Net Income Per Share to the audited consolidated financial statements included herein, we also issued $2.3 billion combined of preferred and ordinary shares during 2020. We intend to maintain strong financial discipline by targeting industry-leading earnings growth, cash flow generation and return on invested capital and to maintain sufficient liquidity to sustain our financial flexibility throughout the industry cycle.
OEM product recalls. The number of vehicles recalled globally by OEMs has increased above historical levels. These recalls can either be initiated by the OEMs or influenced by regulatory agencies. Although there are differing rules and regulations across countries governing recalls for safety issues, the overall transition towards global vehicle platforms may also contribute to increased recalls outside of the U.S., as automotive components are increasingly standardized across regions. Given the sensitivity to safety issues in the automotive industry, including increased focus from regulators and consumers, we anticipate the number of automotive recalls may remain above historical levels in the near future. Although we engage in
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extensive product quality programs and processes, it is possible that we may be adversely affected in the future if the pace of these recalls continues.
Efficient use of capital. The global vehicle components industry is generally capital intensive and a portion of a supplier’s capital equipment is frequently utilized for specific customer programs. Lead times for procurement of capital equipment are long and typically exceed start of production by one to two years. Substantial advantages exist for suppliers that can leverage their prior investments in capital equipment or amortize the investment over higher volume global customer programs.
Industry consolidation. Consolidation among worldwide OEMs and suppliers is expected to continue as these companies seek to achieve operating synergies and value stream efficiencies, acquire complementary technologies and build stronger customer relationships. For example, in January 2021, Fiat Chrysler Automobiles N.V. and PSA Peugeot Citroën executed a merger agreement to form a new, combined company, (Stellantis N.V.) which will represent the world’s fourth largest OEM. Additionally, new entrants from outside the traditional automotive industry may seek to gain access to certain vehicle component markets. We believe companies with strong balance sheets and financial discipline are in the best position to take advantage of the industry consolidation trend.

Consolidated Results of Operations
Aptiv typically experiences fluctuations in revenue due to changes in OEM production schedules, vehicle sales mix and the net of new and lost business (which we refer to collectively as volume), increased prices attributable to escalation clauses in our supply contracts for recovery of increased commodity costs (which we refer to as commodity pass-through), fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates (which we refer to as “FX”), contractual reductions of the sales price to the OEM (which we refer to as contractual price reductions) and engineering changes. Changes in sales mix can have either favorable or unfavorable impacts on revenue. Such changes can be the result of shifts in regional growth, shifts in OEM sales demand, as well as shifts in consumer demand related to vehicle segment purchases and content penetration. For instance, a shift in sales demand favoring a particular OEM’s vehicle model for which we do not have a supply contract may negatively impact our revenue. A shift in regional sales demand toward certain markets could favorably impact the sales of those of our customers that have a large market share in those regions, which in turn would be expected to have a favorable impact on our revenue.
We typically experience (as described below) fluctuations in operating income due to:
Volume, net of contractual price reductions—changes in volume offset by contractual price reductions (which typically range from 1% to 3% of net sales) and changes in mix;
Operational performance—changes to costs for materials and commodities or manufacturing and engineering variances; and
Other—including restructuring costs and any remaining variances not included in Volume, net of contractual price reductions or Operational performance.
The automotive technology and component supply industry is traditionally subject to inflationary pressures with respect to raw materials and labor which may place operational and profitability burdens on the entire supply chain. For instance, in 2021, the industry has been subjected to increased pricing pressures, specifically in relation to copper and petroleum-based resin products, which have increased significantly in price. Due to various factors, the industry is also facing increased operating and logistics challenges from certain global supply chain disruptions, including a worldwide semiconductor supply shortage. This shortage has resulted in increased pricing pressures on semiconductors as well. We will continue to work with our customers and suppliers to mitigate the impact of these inflationary and other pressures in the future. In addition, we expect semiconductor supply cost and commodity cost volatility to have a continual impact on future earnings and/or operating cash flows. As such, we continually seek to mitigate both inflationary pressures and our material-related cost exposures using a number of approaches, including combining purchase requirements with customers and/or other suppliers, using alternate suppliers or product designs, negotiating cost reductions and/or commodity cost contract escalation clauses into our vehicle manufacturer supply contracts and hedging.
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Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2021 versus Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2020
The results of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020 were as follows:
  Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30,
  2021   2020   Favorable/(unfavorable) 2021   2020   Favorable/(unfavorable)
  (dollars in millions)
Net sales $ 3,807  $ 1,960  $ 1,847  $ 7,830  $ 5,186  $ 2,644 
Cost of sales 3,205  1,947  (1,258) 6,501  4,672  (1,829)
Gross margin 602  15.8% 13  0.7% 589  1,329  17.0% 514  9.9% 815 
Selling, general and administrative 266  217  (49) 521  469  (52)
Amortization 37  35  (2) 74  71  (3)
Restructuring 14  72  58  20  100  80 
Gain on autonomous driving joint venture —  —  —  —  (1,434) (1,434)
Operating income (loss) 285  (311) 596  714  1,308  (594)
Interest expense (38) (44) (78) (87)
Other (expense) income, net —  (6) (7)
Income (loss) before income taxes and equity loss 247  (361) 608  637  1,214  (577)
Income tax (expense) benefit (28) 14  (42) (76) (80)
Income (loss) before equity loss 219  (347) 566  561  1,218  (657)
Equity loss, net of tax (53) (18) (35) (95) (16) (79)
Net income (loss) 166  (365) 531  466  1,202  (736)
Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interest (4) 12 
Net income (loss) attributable to Aptiv 163  (366) 529  458  1,206  (748)
Mandatory convertible preferred share dividends (16) (3) (13) (32) (3) (29)
Net income (loss) attributable to ordinary shareholders $ 147  $ (369) $ 516  $ 426  $ 1,203  $ (777)

Total Net Sales
Below is a summary of our total net sales for the three months ended June 30, 2021 versus June 30, 2020.
  Three Months Ended June 30, Variance Due To:
  2021 2020 Favorable/(unfavorable) Volume, net of contractual price reductions FX Commodity pass-through Other Total
  (in millions) (in millions)
Total net sales $ 3,807  $ 1,960  $ 1,847  $ 1,669  $ 105  $ 73  $ —  $ 1,847 
Total net sales for the three months ended June 30, 2021 increased 94% compared to the three months ended June 30, 2020. We experienced volume growth of 87% for the period, reflecting higher global automotive production levels despite the ongoing direct and indirect adverse impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on vehicle production schedules and sales volumes, which include the current global supply chain disruptions impacting the automotive industry. Our total net sales for the three months ended June 30, 2020 were adversely impacted by the governmental “lock-down” orders due to the COVID-19 pandemic for all non-essential activities in Europe and North America that remained in effect for the majority of the second quarter of 2020. Our total net sales also reflect favorable foreign currency impacts, primarily related to the Euro and Chinese Yuan Renminbi, and contractual price reductions.
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Below is a summary of our total net sales for the six months ended June 30, 2021 versus 2020.
  Six Months Ended June 30, Variance Due To:
  2021 2020 Favorable/(unfavorable) Volume, net of contractual price reductions FX Commodity pass-through Other Total
  (in millions) (in millions)
Total net sales $ 7,830  $ 5,186  $ 2,644  $ 2,298  $ 227  $ 119  $ —  $ 2,644 
Total net sales for the six months ended June 30, 2021 increased 51% compared to the six months ended June 30, 2020. Our overall volumes increased 46% for the period, reflecting higher global automotive production levels despite the ongoing direct and indirect adverse impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on vehicle production schedules and sales volumes, which include the current global supply chain disruptions impacting the automotive industry. Our total net sales for the six months ended June 30, 2020 were adversely impacted by the governmental “lock-down” orders due to the COVID-19 pandemic for all non-essential activities, initially in China during the first quarter of 2020 and subsequently in Europe and North America. Our total net sales also reflect favorable foreign currency impacts, primarily related to the Euro and Chinese Yuan Renminbi, and contractual price reductions.

Cost of Sales
Cost of sales is primarily comprised of material, labor, manufacturing overhead, freight, fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates, product engineering, design and development expenses, depreciation and amortization, warranty costs and other operating expenses. Gross margin is revenue less cost of sales and gross margin percentage is gross margin as a percentage of net sales.
Cost of sales increased $1,258 million for the three months ended June 30, 2021 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2020, as summarized below. The Company’s material cost of sales was approximately 50% of net sales in both the three months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020.
  Three Months Ended June 30, Variance Due To:
  2021 2020 Favorable/(unfavorable) Volume (a) FX Operational performance Other Total
  (dollars in millions) (in millions)
Cost of sales $ 3,205  $ 1,947  $ (1,258) $ (1,070) $ (105) $ (4) $ (79) $ (1,258)
Gross margin $ 602  $ 13  $ 589  $ 599  $ —  $ (4) $ (6) $ 589 
Percentage of net sales 15.8  % 0.7  %
(a)Presented net of contractual price reductions for gross margin variance.
The increase in cost of sales reflects increased volumes, the impacts from currency exchange and operational performance. Our operational performance for the three months ended June 30, 2021 includes approximately $70 million of increased costs for semiconductors and commodities, as well as approximately $35 million of costs, primarily related to material logistics costs associated with the global supply chain disruptions due to the worldwide semiconductor shortage and other extraordinary events. Coupled with $30 million of incremental costs detailed in the bullet below in Other, the total impacts resulting from the global supply chain disruptions were approximately $65 million during the three months ended June 30, 2021. Cost of sales was also impacted by the following items in Other above:
$73 million of increased commodity pass-through costs; and
Approximately $30 million of other costs, primarily for distributional logistics and other inefficiencies, resulting from the global supply chain disruptions, as per above; and
$13 million of increased depreciation and amortization, primarily as a result of a higher fixed asset base; partially offset by
$17 million of decreased warranty costs.
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Cost of sales increased $1,829 million for the six months ended June 30, 2021 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2020, as summarized below. The Company’s material cost of sales was approximately 50% of net sales in both the six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020.
  Six Months Ended June 30, Variance Due To:
  2021 2020 Favorable/(unfavorable) Volume (a) FX Operational performance Other Total
  (dollars in millions) (in millions)
Cost of sales $ 6,501  $ 4,672  $ (1,829) $ (1,476) $ (214) $ 22  $ (161) $ (1,829)
Gross margin $ 1,329  $ 514  $ 815  $ 822  $ 13  $ 22  $ (42) $ 815 
Percentage of net sales 17.0  % 9.9  %
(a)Presented net of contractual price reductions for gross margin variance.
The increase in cost of sales reflects increased volumes, the impacts from currency exchange and operational performance. Our operational performance for the six months ended June 30, 2021 includes approximately $95 million of increased costs for semiconductors and commodities, as well as approximately $55 million of costs, primarily related to material logistics costs associated with the global supply chain disruptions due to the worldwide semiconductor shortage and other extraordinary events. Coupled with $55 million of incremental costs detailed in the bullet below in Other, the total impacts resulting from the global supply chain disruptions were approximately $110 million during the six months ended June 30, 2021. Cost of sales was also impacted by the following items in Other above:
$119 million of increased commodity pass-through costs; and
Approximately $55 million of other costs, primarily for distributional logistics and other inefficiencies, resulting from the global supply chain disruptions, as per above; and
$26 million of increased depreciation and amortization, primarily as a result of a higher fixed asset base; partially offset by
Decreased expense of approximately $35 million, primarily due to decreased engineering expenses as a result of the formation of the Motional autonomous driving joint venture with Hyundai in March 2020, which is now accounted for under the equity method of accounting; and
$14 million of decreased warranty costs.
As certain of our costs remain fixed in nature over the short-term, our gross margin as a percentage of sales was adversely impacted during the three and six months ended June 30, 2020 compared to the current periods, primarily due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Selling, General and Administrative Expense
Three Months Ended June 30,
2021 2020 Favorable/
(unfavorable)
(dollars in millions)
Selling, general and administrative expense $ 266  $ 217  $ (49)
Percentage of net sales 7.0  % 11.1  %
  Six Months Ended June 30,
  2021 2020 Favorable/
(unfavorable)
  (dollars in millions)
Selling, general and administrative expense $ 521  $ 469  $ (52)
Percentage of net sales 6.7  % 9.0  %
Selling, general and administrative expense (“SG&A”) includes administrative expenses, information technology costs and incentive compensation related costs. SG&A decreased as a percentage of net sales for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 compared to 2020, primarily due to the adverse impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on sales during the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, partially offset by increased incentive compensation costs in 2021. SG&A for the six months
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ended June 30, 2021 compared to 2020, was also impacted by the March 2020 formation of the Motional autonomous driving joint venture with Hyundai, which is now accounted for under the equity method of accounting.

Amortization
Three Months Ended June 30,
2021 2020 Favorable/
(unfavorable)
(in millions)
Amortization $ 37  $ 35  $ (2)
  Six Months Ended June 30,
  2021 2020 Favorable/
(unfavorable)
  (in millions)
Amortization $ 74  $ 71  $ (3)
Amortization expense reflects the non-cash charge related to definite-lived intangible assets. The consistency in amortization during the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 compared to 2020 reflects the continued amortization of our definite-lived intangible assets, which resulted primarily from our acquisitions, over their estimated useful lives. Refer to Note 17. Acquisitions and Divestitures to the consolidated financial statements contained herein for further detail of our business acquisitions, including details of the intangible assets recorded in each transaction.

Restructuring
Three Months Ended June 30,
2021 2020 Favorable/
(unfavorable)
(dollars in millions)
Restructuring $ 14  $ 72  $ 58 
Percentage of net sales 0.4  % 3.7  %
  Six Months Ended June 30,
  2021 2020 Favorable/
(unfavorable)
  (dollars in millions)
Restructuring $ 20  $ 100  $ 80 
Percentage of net sales 0.3  % 1.9  %
The Company recorded employee-related and other restructuring charges totaling approximately $14 million and $20 million during the three and six months ended June 30, 2021. We expect to make cash payments of approximately $60 million over the next twelve months pursuant to currently implemented restructuring programs.
The Company recorded employee-related and other restructuring charges totaling approximately $72 million and $100 million, respectively, of which $42 million and $51 million, respectively, was recognized for programs implemented in the North America region and $24 million and $35 million, respectively, was recognized for programs implemented in the European region. The charges recorded during the three months ended June 30, 2020 included the recognition of approximately $60 million of employee-related and other costs related to actions taken as a result of the global impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic.
We expect to continue to incur additional restructuring expense in 2021 and beyond, primarily related to programs focused on the continued rotation of our manufacturing footprint to best cost locations in Europe and on reducing global overhead costs, which includes approximately $20 million (of which approximately $15 million relates to the Signal and Power Solutions segment and approximately $5 million relates to the Advanced Safety and User Experience segment) for programs approved as of June 30, 2021. Additionally, as we continue to operate in a cyclical industry that is impacted by movements in the global and regional economies, we continually evaluate opportunities to further adjust our cost structure and optimize our
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manufacturing footprint. The Company plans to implement additional restructuring activities in the future, if necessary, in order to align manufacturing capacity and other costs with prevailing regional automotive production levels and locations, to improve the efficiency and utilization of other locations and in order to increase investment in advanced technologies and engineering. Such future restructuring actions are dependent on market conditions, customer actions and other factors.
Refer to Note 7. Restructuring to the consolidated financial statements contained herein for additional information.

Interest Expense
Three Months Ended June 30,
2021 2020 Favorable/
(unfavorable)
(in millions)
Interest expense $ 38  $ 44  $
  Six Months Ended June 30,
  2021 2020 Favorable/
(unfavorable)
  (in millions)
Interest expense $ 78  $ 87  $
The decrease in interest expense during the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 compared to 2020 reflects the drawdown of all remaining availability under the Revolving Credit Facility in the first quarter of 2020, primarily to provide additional liquidity and financial flexibility in response to the initial impacts from the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. The drawn balance remained outstanding for substantially all of the second quarter of 2020. No amounts were drawn on the Revolving Credit Facility during the six months ended June 30, 2021. Refer to Note 8. Debt to the consolidated financial statements contained herein for additional information.

Other Income, Net
Three Months Ended June 30,
2021 2020 Favorable/
(unfavorable)
(in millions)
Other expense, net $ —  $ (6) $
  Six Months Ended June 30,
  2021 2020 Favorable/
(unfavorable)
  (in millions)
Other income (expense), net $ $ (7) $
Other (expense) income, net for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 includes a gain of $9 million recognized for the change in fair value of publicly traded equity securities. Also, as further discussed in Note 8. Debt to the consolidated financial statements contained herein, during the three months ended June 30, 2021, Aptiv recorded a loss on debt modification of $1 million in conjunction with the June 2021 amendment to the Credit Agreement.
As further discussed in Note 8. Debt to the consolidated financial statements contained herein, during the three months ended June 30, 2020, Aptiv recorded a loss on debt modification of $4 million in conjunction with the May 2020 amendment to the Credit Agreement.
Refer to Note 16. Other Income, net to the consolidated financial statements contained herein for additional information.
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Income Taxes
Three Months Ended June 30,
2021 2020 Favorable/
(unfavorable)
(in millions)
Income tax expense (benefit) $ 28  $ (14) $ (42)
  Six Months Ended June 30,
  2021 2020 Favorable/
(unfavorable)
  (in millions)
Income tax expense (benefit) $ 76  $ (4) $ (80)
The Company’s tax rate is affected by the fact that its parent entity is an Irish resident taxpayer, the tax rates in Ireland and other jurisdictions in which the Company operates, the relative amount of income earned by jurisdiction and the relative amount of losses or income for which no tax benefit or expense was recognized due to a valuation allowance. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, losses for which no tax benefit was recognized were higher in the three and six months ended June 30, 2020 as compared to the same periods in the current year. The Company’s effective tax rate is also impacted by the receipt of certain tax incentives and holidays that reduce the effective tax rate for certain subsidiaries below the statutory rate.
The Company’s effective tax rate for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 also includes net discrete tax benefits of $3 million and $4 million, respectively, primarily related to changes in accruals for unremitted earnings, provision to return adjustments, changes in reserves and the impact of a tax rate change. The effective tax rate for the three and six months ended June 30, 2020 includes net discrete tax benefits of $3 million and $6 million, respectively, primarily related to changes in reserves, changes in accruals for unremitted earnings and provision to return adjustments. Also included as a discrete item in the effective tax rate for the six months ended June 30, 2020 is the beneficial impact from the gain on the autonomous driving joint venture. The tax expense associated with the gain was insignificant as Aptiv’s aggregate autonomous driving assets were exempt from capital gains tax in the jurisdiction from which they were sold. The aggregate autonomous driving assets had been acquired, purchased or developed in taxable transactions in prior periods and reflect changes made to the corporate entity operating structure for intellectual property following the Separation of its former Powertrain Systems segment. Refer to Note 11. Income Taxes to the consolidated financial statements contained herein for additional information.

Equity Loss
Three Months Ended June 30,
2021 2020 Favorable/
(unfavorable)
(in millions)
Equity loss, net of tax $ 53  $ 18  $ (35)
  Six Months Ended June 30,
  2021 2020 Favorable/
(unfavorable)
  (in millions)
Equity loss, net of tax $ 95  $ 16  $ (79)
Equity loss, net of tax reflects the Company’s interest in the results of ongoing operations of entities accounted for as equity method investments. The equity losses recognized by Aptiv for each period presented are primarily attributable to the Motional autonomous driving joint venture formed in March 2020 with Hyundai, as further described in Note 17. Acquisitions and Divestitures to the consolidated financial statements contained herein.

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Results of Operations by Segment
We operate our core business along the following operating segments, which are grouped on the basis of similar product, market and operating factors:
Signal and Power Solutions, which includes complete electrical architecture and component products.
Advanced Safety and User Experience, which includes component and systems integration expertise in advanced safety, user experience and connectivity and security solutions, as well as advanced software development and autonomous driving technologies.
Eliminations and Other, which includes i) the elimination of inter-segment transactions, and ii) certain other expenses and income of a non-operating or strategic nature.
Our management utilizes segment Adjusted Operating Income (Loss) as the key performance measure of segment income or loss to evaluate segment performance, and for planning and forecasting purposes to allocate resources to the segments, as management believes this measure is most reflective of the operational profitability or loss of our operating segments. Segment Adjusted Operating Income (Loss) should not be considered a substitute for results prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP and should not be considered an alternative to net income (loss) attributable to Aptiv, which is the most directly comparable financial measure to Adjusted Operating Income (Loss) that is prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Segment Adjusted Operating Income (Loss), as determined and measured by Aptiv, should also not be compared to similarly titled measures reported by other companies.
The reconciliation of Adjusted Operating Income (Loss) to operating income (loss) includes, as applicable, restructuring, other acquisition and portfolio project costs (which includes costs incurred to integrate acquired businesses and to plan and execute product portfolio transformation actions, including business and product acquisitions and divestitures), asset impairments, gains (losses) on business divestitures and other transactions and deferred compensation related to acquisitions. The reconciliations of Adjusted Operating Income (Loss) to net income (loss) attributable to Aptiv for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020 are as follows:
Signal and Power Solutions Advanced Safety and User Experience Eliminations and Other Total
  (in millions)
For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2021:
Adjusted operating income $ 277  $ 24  $ —  $ 301 
Restructuring (11) (3) —  (14)
Other acquisition and portfolio project costs (1) (1) —  (2)
Operating income $ 265  $ 20  $ —  285 
Interest expense (38)
Income before income taxes and equity loss 247 
Income tax expense (28)
Equity loss, net of tax (53)
Net income 166 
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest
Net income attributable to Aptiv $ 163 


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Signal and Power Solutions Advanced Safety and User Experience Eliminations and Other Total
  (in millions)
For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2020:
Adjusted operating loss $ (143) $ (86) $ —  $ (229)
Restructuring (60) (12) —  (72)
Other acquisition and portfolio project costs (1) (1) —  (2)
Asset impairments (4) —  —  (4)
Deferred compensation related to acquisitions —  (4) —  (4)
Operating loss $ (208) $ (103) $ —  (311)
Interest expense (44)
Other expense, net (6)
Loss before income taxes and equity loss (361)
Income tax benefit 14 
Equity loss, net of tax (18)
Net loss (365)
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest
Net loss attributable to Aptiv $ (366)
Signal and Power Solutions Advanced Safety and User Experience Eliminations and Other Total
  (in millions)
For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2021:
Adjusted operating income $ 648  $ 90  $ —  $ 738 
Restructuring (9) (11) —  (20)
Other acquisition and portfolio project costs (2) (2) —  (4)
Operating income $ 637  $ 77  $ —  714 
Interest expense (78)
Other income, net
Income before income taxes and equity loss 637 
Income tax expense (76)
Equity loss, net of tax
(95)
Net income 466 
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest
Net income attributable to Aptiv $ 458 
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Signal and Power Solutions Advanced Safety and User Experience Eliminations and Other Total
  (in millions)
For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2020:
Adjusted operating income (loss) $ 82  $ (80) $ —  $
Restructuring (79) (21) —  (100)
Other acquisition and portfolio project costs (8) (8) —  (16)
Asset impairments (4) —  —  (4)
Deferred compensation related to acquisitions —  (8) —  (8)
Gain on business divestitures and other transactions —  1,434  —  1,434 
Operating (loss) income $ (9) $ 1,317  $ —  1,308 
Interest expense (87)
Other expense, net (7)
Income before income taxes and equity loss 1,214 
Income tax benefit
Equity loss, net of tax (16)
Net income 1,202 
Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest (4)
Net income attributable to Aptiv $ 1,206 

Net sales, gross margin as a percentage of net sales and Adjusted Operating Income (Loss) by segment for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020 are as follows:

Net Sales by Segment
  Three Months Ended June 30, Variance Due To:
  2021 2020 Favorable/
(unfavorable)
Volume, net of contractual price reductions FX Commodity pass-through Other Total
  (in millions) (in millions)
Signal and Power Solutions
$ 2,846  $ 1,435  $ 1,411  $ 1,236  $ 102  $ 73  $ —  $ 1,411 
Advanced Safety and User Experience
970  530  440  437  —  —  440 
Eliminations and Other (9) (5) (4) (4) —  —  —  (4)
Total $ 3,807  $ 1,960  $ 1,847  $ 1,669  $ 105  $ 73  $ —  $ 1,847 
  Six Months Ended June 30, Variance Due To:
  2021 2020 Favorable/(unfavorable) Volume, net of contractual price reductions FX Commodity pass-through Other Total
  (in millions) (in millions)
Signal and Power Solutions
$ 5,868  $ 3,765  $ 2,103  $ 1,780  $ 204  $ 119  $ —  $ 2,103 
Advanced Safety and User Experience
1,981  1,432  549  525  24  —  —  549 
Eliminations and Other (19) (11) (8) (7) (1) —  —  (8)
Total $ 7,830  $ 5,186  $ 2,644  $ 2,298  $ 227  $ 119  $ —  $ 2,644 

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Gross Margin Percentage by Segment
  Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30,
  2021 2020 2021 2020
Signal and Power Solutions 18.1  % 3.8  % 19.1  % 13.0  %
Advanced Safety and User Experience 8.9  % (7.7) % 10.6  % 1.8  %
Eliminations and Other —  % —  % —  % —  %
Total 15.8  % 0.7  % 17.0  % 9.9  %
Gross margin as a percentage of sales for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 as compared to the three and six months ended June 30, 2020 increased significantly, which primarily reflects the adverse impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic in the prior year.
Adjusted Operating Income (Loss) by Segment
  Three Months Ended June 30, Variance Due To:
  2021 2020 Favorable/
(unfavorable)
Volume, net of contractual price reductions Operational performance Other Total
  (in millions) (in millions)
Signal and Power Solutions $ 277  $ (143) $ 420  $ 462  $ (2) $ (40) $ 420 
Advanced Safety and User Experience
24  (86) 110  137  (6) (21) 110 
Eliminations and Other —  —  —  —  —  —  — 
Total $ 301  $ (229) $ 530  $ 599  $ (8) $ (61) $ 530 
As noted in the table above, Adjusted Operating Income for the three months ended June 30, 2021 as compared to Adjusted Operating Loss for the three months ended June 30, 2020 was impacted by volume and contractual price reductions, including product mix, and operational performance, as well as the adverse impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic in the prior year. Our operational performance for the three months ended June 30, 2021 includes approximately $70 million of increased costs for semiconductors and commodities, as well as approximately $35 million of costs, primarily related to material logistics costs associated with the global supply chain disruptions due to the worldwide semiconductor shortage and other extraordinary events. Coupled with $30 million of incremental costs detailed in the bullet below in Other, the total impacts resulting from the global supply chain disruptions were approximately $65 million during the three months ended June 30, 2021. Adjusted Operating Income was also impacted by the following items included within Other in the table above:
$49 million of increased SG&A expense, not including the impact of other acquisition and portfolio project costs, which includes increased incentive compensation costs; and
Approximately $30 million of other costs, primarily for distributional logistics and other inefficiencies, resulting from the global supply chain disruptions, as per above; and
$17 million of increased depreciation and amortization, not including the impact of asset impairments, primarily as a result of a higher fixed asset base.

  Six Months Ended June 30, Variance Due To:
  2021 2020 Favorable/(unfavorable) Volume, net of contractual price reductions Operational performance Other Total
  (in millions) (in millions)
Signal and Power Solutions $ 648  $ 82  $ 566  $ 663  $ —  $ (97) $ 566 
Advanced Safety and User Experience
90  (80) 170  159  14  (3) 170 
Eliminations and Other —  —  —  —  —  —  — 
Total $ 738  $ $ 736  $ 822  $ 14  $ (100) $ 736 
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As noted in the table above, Adjusted Operating Income for the six months ended June 30, 2021 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2020 was impacted by volume and contractual price reductions, including product mix, and operational performance improvements as well as the adverse impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic in the prior year. Our operational performance for the six months ended June 30, 2021 includes approximately $95 million of increased costs for semiconductors and commodities, as well as approximately $55 million of costs, primarily related to material logistics costs associated with the global supply chain disruptions due to the worldwide semiconductor shortage and other extraordinary events. Coupled with $55 million of incremental costs detailed in the bullet below in Other, the total impacts resulting from the global supply chain disruptions were approximately $110 million during the six months ended June 30, 2021. Adjusted Operating Income was also impacted by the following items included within Other in the table above:
$56 million of increased SG&A expense, not including the impact of other acquisition and portfolio project costs, which includes increased incentive compensation costs; and
Approximately $55 million of other costs, primarily for distributional logistics and other inefficiencies, resulting from the global supply chain disruptions, as per above; and
$30 million of increased depreciation and amortization, not including the impact of asset impairments, primarily as a result of a higher fixed asset base; partially offset by
Decreased expense of approximately $40 million, primarily due to decreased engineering and SG&A expenses as a result of the formation of the Motional autonomous driving joint venture with Hyundai in March 2020, which is now accounted for under the equity method of accounting.

Liquidity and Capital Resources
Overview of Capital Structure
Our liquidity requirements are primarily to fund our business operations, including capital expenditures and working capital requirements, as well as to fund debt service requirements and operational restructuring activities. Our primary sources of liquidity are cash flows from operations, our existing cash balance, and as necessary and available, borrowings under credit facilities and issuance of long-term debt and equity. To the extent we generate discretionary cash flow we may consider using this additional cash flow for optional prepayments of existing indebtedness, strategic acquisitions or investments, and/or general corporate purposes. We will also continually explore ways to enhance our capital structure.
As of June 30, 2021, we had cash and cash equivalents of $2.9 billion and net debt (defined as outstanding debt less cash and cash equivalents) of $1.1 billion. The following table summarizes our available liquidity, which includes cash, cash equivalents and funds available under our significant committed credit facilities, as of June 30, 2021. The amounts disclosed as available under the Company’s significant committed credit facilities are available without violating our existing debt covenants, which are described below.
June 30,
2021
  (in millions)
Cash and cash equivalents $ 2,926 
Revolving Credit Facility, unutilized portion (1) 2,000 
Committed European accounts receivable factoring facility, unutilized portion (2) 537 
Total available liquidity $ 5,463 
(1)Availability reduced by less than $1 million in letters of credit issued under the Credit Agreement as of June 30, 2021.
(2)Based on June 30, 2021 foreign currency rates, subject to the availability of eligible accounts receivable.
Despite the current global economic impacts and uncertainty resulting from the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and its direct and indirect impacts on global vehicle production, we currently expect existing cash, available liquidity and cash flows from operations to continue to be sufficient to fund our global operating activities, including restructuring payments, any mandatory payments required under the Credit Agreement as described below, dividends on preferred shares and capital expenditures.
We also continue to expect to be able to move funds between different countries to manage our global liquidity needs without material adverse tax implications, subject to current monetary policies and the terms of the Credit Agreement. We utilize a combination of strategies, including dividends, cash pooling arrangements, intercompany loan repayments and other distributions and advances to provide the funds necessary to meet our global liquidity needs. There are no significant restrictions on the ability of our subsidiaries to pay dividends or make other distributions to Aptiv. As of June 30, 2021, the Company’s cash and cash equivalents held by our non-U.S. subsidiaries totaled approximately $2.9 billion. If additional non-
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U.S. cash was needed for our U.S. operations, we may be required to accrue and pay withholding if we were to distribute such funds from non-U.S. subsidiaries to the U.S.; however, based on our current liquidity needs and strategies, we do not anticipate a need to accrue and pay such additional amounts.
2020 Public Equity Offering
In June 2020, the Company completed the underwritten public offering of approximately 15.1 million ordinary shares at a price of $75.91 per share (the “Ordinary Share Offering”), resulting in net proceeds of approximately $1,115 million, after deducting expenses and the underwriters’ discount of $35 million. Simultaneously, the Company completed the underwritten public offering of 11.5 million 5.50% Mandatory Convertible Preferred Shares, Series A, $0.01 par value per share (the “MCPS”) with a liquidation preference of $100 per share (the “MCPS Offering”), resulting in net proceeds of approximately $1,115 million, after deducting expenses and the underwriters’ discount of $35 million. Each share of MCPS will mandatorily convert on the mandatory conversion date of June 15, 2023, into between 1.0754 and 1.3173 shares of the Company’s ordinary shares, subject to customary anti-dilution adjustments.
Holders of the MCPS will be entitled to receive, when and if declared by the Company’s Board of Directors, cumulative dividends at the annual rate of 5.50% of the liquidation preference of $100 per share (equivalent to $5.50 annually per share), payable in cash or, subject to certain limitations, by delivery of the Company’s ordinary shares or any combination of cash and the Company’s ordinary shares, at the Company’s election. If declared, dividends on the MCPS will be payable quarterly on March 15, June 15, September 15 and December 15 of each year (commencing on September 15, 2020 to, and including June 15, 2023), to the holders of record of the MCPS as they appear on the Company’s share register at the close of business on the immediately preceding March 1, June 1, September 1 or December 1, respectively. Refer to Note 12. Shareholders’ Equity and Net Income Per Share to the consolidated financial statements contained herein for further detail on the June 2020 public equity offering.
Share Repurchases
In April 2016, the Board of Directors authorized a share repurchase program of up to $1.5 billion of ordinary shares, which commenced in September 2016. This share repurchase program provides for share purchases in the open market or in privately negotiated transactions, depending on share price, market conditions and other factors, as determined by the Company.
There were no shares repurchased during the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 as well as for the three months ended June 30, 2020. A summary of the ordinary shares repurchased during the six months ended June 30, 2020 is as follows:
Total number of shares repurchased 1,059,075 
Average price paid per share $ 53.73 
Total (in millions) $ 57 
As of June 30, 2021, approximately $13 million of share repurchases remained available under the April 2016 share repurchase program, which is in addition to the share repurchase program of up to $2.0 billion that was previously announced in January 2019. This program, which will commence following the completion of the April 2016 share repurchase program, provides for share purchases in the open market or in privately negotiated transactions, depending on share price, market conditions and other factors, as determined by the Company. All repurchased shares were retired, and are reflected as a reduction of ordinary share capital for the par value of the shares, with the excess applied as reductions to additional paid-in-capital and retained earnings.
Dividends
In the second quarter of 2021, the Board of Directors declared and paid a quarterly cash dividend of approximately $1.38 per MCPS.
Acquisitions and Other Transactions
Ulti-Mate—On April 30, 2021, Aptiv acquired certain assets of Ulti-Mate Connector, Inc. (“Ulti-Mate”), a manufacturer of miniature and micro-miniature connectors and cable assemblies, for total consideration of $45 million. The acquisition was accounted for as a business combination, with the operating results of Ulti-Mate included within the Company's Signal and Power Solutions segment. The Company acquired Ulti-Mate utilizing cash on hand.
Dynawave—On August 4, 2020, Aptiv acquired 100% of the equity interests of Dynawave Inc. (“Dynawave”), a specialized manufacturer of custom-engineered interconnect solutions for a wide range of industries, for total consideration of $22 million. The acquisition was accounted for as a business combination, with the operating results of Dynawave included within the Company’s Signal and Power Solutions segment. The Company acquired Dynawave utilizing cash on hand.
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Technology Investments—In April 2021, Innoviz Technologies (“Innoviz”) merged with a publicly traded Special Purpose Acquisition Company (“SPAC”) and shares of Innoviz began trading on the Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol INVZ. As part of the SPAC merger, our preferred shares in Innoviz were converted into Innoviz ordinary shares. Following this conversion, the fair value of the Innoviz investment is measured on a recurring basis, with changes in fair value recorded to other income (expense), net.
In June 2021, Affectiva, Inc. (“Affectiva”) was acquired by Smart Eye AB (“Smart Eye”), which is publicly traded on the Nasdaq Stockholm AB stock exchange. As part of the acquisition, Aptiv received shares of Smart Eye in exchange for Aptiv’s Affectiva preferred shares. Following the acquisition, the fair value of Aptiv’s Smart Eye investment is measured on a recurring basis, with changes in fair value recorded to other income (expense), net.
Refer to Note 17. Acquisitions and Divestitures to the consolidated financial statements contained herein for further detail of the Company’s business acquisitions and technology investments.
Autonomous Driving Joint Venture
On March 26, 2020, Aptiv completed the transaction with Hyundai Motor Group (“Hyundai”) to form a joint venture focused on the design, development and commercialization of autonomous driving technologies. The joint venture operates globally under the Motional brand name. Under the terms of the agreement, Aptiv contributed to the joint venture autonomous driving technology, intellectual property and approximately 700 employees for a 50% ownership interest in the entity. Hyundai contributed to the joint venture approximately $1.6 billion in cash, along with vehicle engineering services, research and development resources and access to intellectual property for a 50% ownership interest in the entity. As a result, subsequent to the closing of the transaction, the joint venture is expected to fund all of its future operating expenses and investments in autonomous driving technologies for the foreseeable future. Consequently, Aptiv is no longer required to fund these investments and expenses, which approximated $180 million for the year ended December 31, 2019 prior to the joint venture formation. Upon closing of the transaction, Aptiv deconsolidated the carrying value of the associated assets and liabilities contributed to the joint venture, previously classified as held for sale, and recognized an asset of approximately $2.0 billion within Investments in affiliates in the consolidated balance sheet, based on the preliminary fair value of its investment in the newly formed joint venture. The Company recognized a pre-tax gain of approximately $1.4 billion in the consolidated statement of operations (approximately $5.57 per diluted share during the six months ended June 30, 2020), net of transaction costs of $22 million, based on the difference between the carrying value of its contribution to the joint venture and the preliminary fair value of its investment in the newly formed entity. The estimated fair value of Aptiv’s ownership interest in the joint venture was determined primarily based on third-party valuations and management estimates, generally utilizing income and market approaches. Determining the fair value of the joint venture and the underlying assets requires the use of management's judgment and involves significant estimates and assumptions with respect to the timing and amount of future cash flows, market rate assumptions, projected growth rates and margins, and appropriate discount rates, among other items. The estimated fair value was determined on a preliminary basis using information available in the first quarter of 2020 and was finalized in the first quarter of 2021. The effects of this transaction would not materially impact the Company’s reported results for any period presented, and the transaction did not meet the criteria to be reflected as a discontinued operation.
In connection with the closing of the transaction, Aptiv and the entity entered into various agreements to facilitate an orderly transition and to provide a framework for their relationship going forward, which included a transition services agreement. The transition services primarily involve Aptiv providing certain administrative services to the joint venture for a period of up to 24 months after the closing date. These agreements are not material to Aptiv.
The Company’s investment in the joint venture is accounted for using the equity method of accounting and Aptiv recognized an equity loss of $55 million and $100 million, net of tax, during the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, respectively and $21 million and $22 million, net of tax, during the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, respectively.
Credit Agreement
Aptiv PLC and its wholly-owned subsidiary Aptiv Corporation entered into a credit agreement (the “Credit Agreement”) with JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as administrative agent (the “Administrative Agent”), under which it maintains senior unsecured credit facilities currently consisting of a term loan (the “Tranche A Term Loan”) and a revolving credit facility of $2 billion (the “Revolving Credit Facility”). During 2020, Aptiv Global Financing Limited (“AGFL”), a wholly-owned Irish subsidiary of Aptiv PLC, executed a joinder agreement to the Credit Agreement, which allows it to act as a borrower under the Credit Agreement, and a guaranty supplement, under which AGFL guarantees the obligations under the Credit Agreement, subject to certain exceptions.
The Credit Agreement was originally entered into in March 2011 and has been subsequently amended and restated on several occasions, most recently on June 24, 2021. The June 2021 amendment, among other things, (1) refinanced and replaced the existing term loan A and revolver with a new term loan A that matures in five years, and a new five-year revolving credit facility with aggregate commitments of $2 billion, (2) utilized the Company’s existing sustainability-linked metrics and
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commitments, that, if achieved, would change the facility fee and interest rate margins as described below, (3) removed prior provisions from the May 2020 amendment that had increased the leverage ratio maintenance covenant from 3.5 to 1.0 to 4.5 to 1.0 until July 1, 2021 and restricted dividends and other payments on equity, and (4) includes a financial maintenance covenant that requires the Company to maintain total net leverage (as calculated in accordance with the Credit Agreement) of less than 3.5 to 1.0 (or 4.0 to 1.0 for four full fiscal quarters following completion of material acquisitions, as defined in the Credit Agreement). Losses on modification of debt totaled $1 million and $4 million during the three months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively, related to the June 2021 amendment and May 2020 amendment. Aptiv paid amendment fees of $6 million and $18 million during the three months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively, which are reflected as financing activities in the consolidated statements of cash flows.
The Tranche A Term Loan and the Revolving Credit Facility mature on June 24, 2026. Beginning on September 30, 2022, Aptiv is obligated to make quarterly principal payments on the Tranche A Term Loan according to the amortization schedule in the Credit Agreement. The Credit Agreement also contains an accordion feature that permits Aptiv to increase, from time to time, the aggregate borrowing capacity under the Credit Agreement by up to an additional $1 billion upon Aptiv’s request, the agreement of the lenders participating in the increase, and the approval of the Administrative Agent.
As of June 30, 2021, there were no amounts drawn on the Revolving Credit Facility and less than $1 million in letters of credit were issued under the Credit Agreement. Letters of credit issued under the Credit Agreement reduce availability under the Revolving Credit Facility. No amounts were drawn on the Revolving Credit Facility during the six months ended June 30, 2021.
Loans under the Credit Agreement bear interest, at Aptiv’s option, at either (a) the Administrative Agent’s Alternate Base Rate (“ABR” as defined in the Credit Agreement) or (b) the London Interbank Offered Rate (the “Adjusted LIBO Rate” as defined in the Credit Agreement) (“LIBOR”) plus in either case a percentage per annum as set forth in the table below (the “Applicable Rate”). The June 2021 amendment also contains provisions to facilitate the replacement of the LIBOR-based rate with a Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”) based rate upon the discontinuation or unavailability of LIBOR. The Applicable Rates under the Credit Agreement on the specified dates are set forth below:
June 30, 2021 December 31, 2020
LIBOR plus ABR plus LIBOR plus ABR plus
Revolving Credit Facility (1) 1.10  % 0.10  % 1.10  % 0.10  %
Revolving Credit Facility (2) N/A N/A 1.40  % 0.40  %
Tranche A Term Loan (1) 1.125  % 0.125  % 1.25  % 0.25  %
Tranche A Term Loan (2) N/A N/A 1.75  % 0.75  %
(1)Rates as of June 30, 2021 are applicable to balances under the Credit Agreement as amended and restated on June 24, 2021 as described above. Rates as of December 31, 2020 are applicable to principal balances under the Credit Agreement which were not extended as part of the May 2020 amendment.
(2)Rates as of December 31, 2020 are applicable to principal balances under the Credit Agreement which were extended as part of the May 2020 amendment.
Under the June 2021 amendment, the Applicable Rate under the Credit Agreement, as well as the facility fee, may increase or decrease from time to time based on changes in the Company’s credit ratings and whether the Company achieves or fails to achieve certain sustainability-linked targets with respect to greenhouse gas emissions and workplace safety. Such adjustments may be up to 0.04% per annum on interest rate margins on the Revolving Credit Facility, 0.02% per annum on interest rate margins on the Tranche A Term Loan and up to 0.01% per annum on the facility fee. Accordingly, the interest rate is subject to fluctuation during the term of the Credit Agreement based on changes in the ABR, LIBOR, changes in the Company’s corporate credit ratings or whether the Company achieves or fails to achieve its sustainability-linked targets. The Credit Agreement also requires that Aptiv pay certain facility fees on the Revolving Credit Facility, which are also subject to adjustment based on the sustainability-linked targets as described above, and certain letter of credit issuance and fronting fees.
The interest rate period with respect to LIBOR interest rate options can be set at one-, three-, or six-months as selected by Aptiv in accordance with the terms of the Credit Agreement (or other period as may be agreed by the applicable lenders). Aptiv may elect to change the selected interest rate option in accordance with the provisions of the Credit Agreement. As of June 30, 2021, Aptiv selected the one-month LIBOR interest rate option on the Tranche A Term Loan, and the rates effective as of June 30, 2021, as detailed in the table below, were based on the Company’s current credit rating and the Applicable Rate for the Credit Agreement:
Borrowings as of
June 30, 2021 Rates effective as of
Applicable Rate (in millions) June 30, 2021
Tranche A Term Loan LIBOR plus 1.125% $ 313  1.25  %
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Borrowings under the Credit Agreement are prepayable at Aptiv’s option without premium or penalty.
The Credit Agreement contains certain covenants that limit, among other things, the Company’s (and the Company’s subsidiaries’) ability to incur certain additional indebtedness or liens or to dispose of substantially all of its assets. In addition, under the June 2021 amendment, the Credit Agreement requires that the Company maintain a consolidated leverage ratio (the ratio of Consolidated Total Indebtedness to Consolidated EBITDA, each as defined in the Credit Agreement) of not more than 3.5 to 1.0 (or 4.0 to 1.0 for four full fiscal quarters following completion of material acquisitions, as defined in the Credit Agreement). The Credit Agreement also contains events of default customary for financings of this type. The Company was in compliance with the Credit Agreement covenants as of June 30, 2021.
As of June 30, 2021, all obligations under the Credit Agreement were borrowed by Aptiv Corporation and jointly and severally guaranteed by its direct and indirect parent companies, subject to certain exceptions set forth in the Credit Agreement.
Senior Unsecured Notes
As of June 30, 2021, the Company had the following senior unsecured notes issued and outstanding:
Aggregate Principal Amount
(in millions)
Stated Coupon Rate Issuance Date Maturity Date Interest Payment Date
$ 700  4.15% March 2014 March 2024 March 15 and September 15
835  1.50% March 2015 March 2025 March 10
650  4.25% November 2015 January 2026 January 15 and July 15
596  1.60% September 2016 September 2028 September 15
300  4.35% March 2019 March 2029 March 15 and September 15
300  4.40% September 2016 October 2046 April 1 and October 1
350  5.40% March 2019 March 2049 March 15 and September 15
Although the specific terms of each indenture governing each series of senior notes vary, the indentures contain certain restrictive covenants, including with respect to Aptiv’s (and Aptiv’s subsidiaries) ability to incur liens, enter into sale and leaseback transactions and merge with or into other entities. As of June 30, 2021, the Company was in compliance with the provisions of all series of the outstanding senior notes. Refer to Note 8. Debt to the consolidated financial statements contained herein for additional information.
Guarantor Summarized Financial Information
As further described in Note 8. Debt to the consolidated financial statements contained herein, Aptiv Corporation issued the 2014 Senior Notes and is the borrower of obligations under the Credit Agreement, which are fully and unconditionally guaranteed by Aptiv PLC and certain of Aptiv PLC’s direct and indirect subsidiaries (the “Obligor Group”). Aptiv PLC issued the 2015 Euro-denominated Senior Notes, 4.25% Senior Notes, 2016 Euro-denominated Senior Notes, 2016 Senior Notes and 2019 Senior Notes, which are fully and unconditionally guaranteed by the Obligor Group. All other consolidated direct and indirect subsidiaries of Aptiv PLC are not subject to the guarantees (the “Non-Guarantors”). The guarantees rank equally in right of payment with all of the guarantors’ existing and future senior indebtedness, are effectively subordinated to any of their existing and future secured indebtedness to the extent of the value of the collateral securing such indebtedness and are structurally subordinated to the indebtedness of each of their existing and future subsidiaries that is not a guarantor.
The below summarized financial information is presented on a combined basis after the elimination of intercompany balances and transactions among the Obligor Group and equity in earnings from and investments in the Non-Guarantors. The below summarized financial information should be read in conjunction with the Company’s consolidated financial statements contained herein, as the financial information may not necessarily be indicative of results of operations or financial position had the subsidiaries operated as independent entities.
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Obligor Group
Six Months Ended June 30, 2021 (in millions)
Net sales $ — 
Gross margin $ — 
Operating income $ — 
Net loss $ (81)
Net loss attributable to Aptiv $ (81)
As of June 30, 2021:
Current assets (1) $ 137 
Long-term assets $
Current liabilities (2) $ 916 
Long-term liabilities (2) $ 4,246 
Noncontrolling interest $ — 
As of December 31, 2020
Current assets (1) $ 377 
Long-term assets $
Current liabilities (2) $ 913 
Long-term liabilities (2) $ 4,223 
Noncontrolling interest $ — 
(1)Includes current assets of $133 million and $370 million as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively, due from Non-Guarantors, which includes amounts due from affiliates of $2 million and $6 million, respectively.
(2)Includes current liabilities of $866 million and $785 million, and long-term liabilities of $226 million and $226 million, due to Non-Guarantors as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively.
Other Financing
Receivable factoring—Aptiv maintains a €450 million European accounts receivable factoring facility that is available on a committed basis and allows for factoring of receivables denominated in both Euros and U.S. dollars (“USD”). This facility became effective on January 1, 2021 and replaced Aptiv’s previous €300 million European accounts receivable factoring facility. This facility is accounted for as short-term debt and borrowings are subject to the availability of eligible accounts receivable. Collateral is not required related to these trade accounts receivable. The program is for a term of three years, subject to Aptiv’s right to terminate at any time with three months’ notice. After expiration of the three year term, either party can terminate with three months’ notice. Borrowings denominated in Euros under the facility bear interest at the three-month Euro Interbank Offered Rate (“EURIBOR”) plus 0.50% and USD borrowings bear interest at two-month LIBOR plus 0.50%, with borrowings under either denomination carrying a minimum interest rate of 0.20%. As of June 30, 2021, Aptiv had no amounts drawn on the new European accounts receivable factoring facility and as of December 31, 2020, Aptiv had no amounts outstanding on the previous European accounts receivable factoring facility. No amounts were drawn under the European accounts receivable factoring facility during the six months ended June 30, 2021.
Finance leases and other—As of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, approximately $26 million and $28 million, respectively, of other debt primarily issued by certain non-U.S. subsidiaries and finance lease obligations were outstanding.
Letter of credit facilities—In addition to the letters of credit issued under the Credit Agreement, Aptiv had approximately $3 million and $2 million outstanding through other letter of credit facilities as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively, primarily to support arrangements and other obligations at certain of its subsidiaries.
Cash Flows
Intra-month cash flow cycles vary by region, but in general we are users of cash through the first half of a typical month and we generate cash during the latter half of a typical month. Due to this cycle of cash flows, we may utilize short-term financing, including our Revolving Credit Facility and European accounts receivable factoring facility, to manage our intra-month working capital needs. Our cash balance typically peaks at month end.
We utilize a combination of strategies, including dividends, cash pooling arrangements, intercompany loan structures and other distributions and advances, to provide the funds necessary to meet our global liquidity needs. We utilize a global cash
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pooling arrangement to consolidate and manage our global cash balances, which enables us to efficiently move cash into and out of a number of the countries in which we operate.
Operating activities—Net cash provided by operating activities totaled $549 million and $55 million for the six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively. Cash flows provided by operating activities for the six months ended June 30, 2021 consisted primarily of net earnings of $466 million, increased by $414 million for non-cash charges for depreciation, amortization and pension costs partially offset by $498 million related to changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of restructuring and pension contributions. Cash flows provided by operating activities for the six months ended June 30, 2020 consisted primarily of net earnings of $1,202 million, increased by $384 million for non-cash charges for depreciation, amortization and pension costs, partially offset by $1,434 million for the non-cash gain resulting from the formation of the Motional autonomous driving joint venture and $114 million related to changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of restructuring and pension contributions.
Investing activities—Net cash used in investing activities totaled $314 million for the six months ended June 30, 2021, as compared to $394 million for the six months ended June 30, 2020. The decrease in usage is primarily attributable to decreased capital expenditures of $111 million during the six months ended June 30, 2021 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2020.
Financing activities—Net cash used in financing activities totaled $103 million for the six months ended June 30, 2021 and net cash provided by financing activities totaled $1,840 million for the six months ended June 30, 2020. Cash flows used in financing activities for the six months ended June 30, 2021 primarily included $20 million in repayments under debt agreements and $32 million of MCPS dividend payments. Cash flows provided by financing activities for the six months ended June 30, 2020 primarily included $1,115 million and $1,115 million in proceeds from the public offering of ordinary and preferred shares, net of issuance costs, respectively, partially offset by $57 million paid to repurchase ordinary shares and $56 million of ordinary share dividend payments.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
We do not engage in any off-balance sheet financial arrangements that have or are reasonably likely to have a material current or future effect on our financial condition, changes in financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources.
Contingencies and Environmental Matters
The information concerning contingencies, including environmental contingencies and the amount currently held in reserve for environmental matters, contained in Note 10. Commitments and Contingencies to the unaudited consolidated financial statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this report is incorporated herein by reference.
Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements
The information concerning recently issued accounting pronouncements contained in Note 2. Significant Accounting Policies to the unaudited consolidated financial statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this report is incorporated herein by reference.
Critical Accounting Estimates
There have been no significant changes in our critical accounting estimates during the three and six months ended June 30, 2021.

ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
There have been no material changes to the information concerning our exposures to market risk as stated in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020. As described in the Form 10-K, we have currency exposures related to buying, selling and financing in currencies other than the local functional currencies in which we operate (“transactional exposure”). We also have currency exposures related to the translation of the financial statements of our non-U.S. subsidiaries that use the local currency as their functional currency into U.S. dollars, the Company’s reporting currency (“translational exposure”). As described in Note 14. Derivatives and Hedging Activities to the unaudited consolidated financial statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this report, to manage this risk the Company designates certain qualifying instruments as net investment hedges of certain non-U.S. subsidiaries. The effective portion of the gains or losses on instruments designated as net investment hedges are recognized within the cumulative translation adjustment component of OCI to offset changes in the value of the net investment in these foreign currency-denominated operations.

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ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
A control system, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control system are met. Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within the Company have been detected.
Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the U.S. Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). The Company maintains disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to provide reasonable assurance of achieving their objectives.
As of June 30, 2021, the Company’s management, with the participation of the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer, has evaluated, for disclosure purposes, the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act, as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on that evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective to provide reasonable assurance that the desired control objectives were achieved as of June 30, 2021.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
There were no material changes in the Company’s internal controls over financial reporting during the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal controls over financial reporting.


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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
We are from time to time subject to various actions, claims, suits, government investigations, and other proceedings incidental to our business, including those arising out of alleged defects, breach of contracts, competition and antitrust matters, product warranties, intellectual property matters, personal injury claims and employment-related matters. For a description of risks related to various legal proceedings and claims, see Item 1A, “Risk Factors,” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020. For a description of our outstanding material legal proceedings, see Note 10. Commitments and Contingencies to the unaudited consolidated financial statements included in this report.

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
There have been no material changes in risk factors for the Company in the period covered by this report. For information regarding factors that could affect the Company’s results of operations, financial condition and liquidity, see the risk factors discussed in Part I, “Item 1A. Risk Factors” in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020.

ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS
There were no repurchases of equity securities during the three months ended June 30, 2021. In January 2019, the Board of Directors authorized a share repurchase program of up to $2.0 billion. This program will commence following the completion of the previously announced share repurchase program of $1.5 billion, which was approved by the Board of Directors in April 2016. As of June 30, 2021, approximately $2,013 million remained available for repurchases pursuant to these programs.

ITEM 6. EXHIBITS
Exhibit
Number
Description
10.1
10.2
22
31.1
31.2
32.1
32.2
101.INS Inline XBRL Instance Document# - The instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.
101.SCH Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document#
101.CAL Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document#
101.DEF Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document#
101.LAB Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document#
101.PRE Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document#
104 Cover Page Interactive Data File# - The cover page interactive data file does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.
* Filed herewith.
+ Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.
# Filed electronically with the Report.
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
APTIV PLC
  /s/ Joseph R. Massaro
  By: Joseph R. Massaro
  Chief Financial Officer and Senior Vice President, Business Operations
 
Dated: August 5, 2021
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Exhibit 10.1
Aptiv PLC Annual Incentive Plan

(As Amended and Restated Effective January 1, 2021)

The Aptiv PLC Annual Incentive Plan (the “Plan”) has been approved by the Compensation and Human Resources Committee (the “Committee”) of the Board of Directors (the “Board”) of Aptiv PLC (“Aptiv”). The terms of the Plan are as follows:

1.PURPOSE

The Plan is intended to attract, retain, motivate and reward individuals who contribute to the success of the business of Aptiv by providing them with the opportunity to earn annual incentive compensation under the Plan. The Plan is designed to drive execution of short-term priorities tied to long-term strategy and annual financial and other business objectives, and recognize and reward individuals upon the achievement of defined performance measures.

2.ELIGIBILITY

Employees who are in a role designated by the Committee are eligible to participate in the Plan. Employees eligible to participate in any other cash-based incentive compensation plan (such as a sales compensation plan) are not eligible to participate simultaneously in the Plan.

3.TARGET BONUS PERCENTAGE AND AMOUNT

Each Participant is assigned a target bonus percentage expressed as a percentage of Base Salary. The target bonus percentage is fixed for each Participant as of December 31st of the Performance Period, except as otherwise approved by the Committee.

A Participant’s target bonus amount is calculated by multiplying his or her target bonus percentage by his or her Base Salary. The target bonus amount for a new Participant will be prorated on a time-in-eligible position basis.

4.PERFORMANCE AWARDS

4.1    Establishment and Measurement of Awards.

(a)As of the beginning of each Performance Period, the Committee will establish performance measures and levels for Aptiv and for any of its Subsidiaries, segments, business or other organizational units, or for any specified portion or combination of the foregoing, as determined appropriate by the Committee, at which 100% of the award will be earned and a range (which need not be the same for all measures) within which greater and lesser percentages will be earned.

(b)In establishing these performance measures, the Committee may establish the specific goals based upon or relating to one or more specified criteria. If the

    


Committee determines that a change in the business, operations, corporate structure or capital structure of Aptiv or any of its businesses, or the manner in which Aptiv or any of its Subsidiaries or businesses conducts its business, or other events or circumstances render the performance measures unsuitable, the Committee may modify the performance measures or the related minimum acceptable level of achievement, in whole or in part, as the Committee deems appropriate. Performance measures may vary from award to award, and from Participant to Participant, and may be established on a stand-alone basis, in tandem or in the alternative.

(c)The Committee may adjust the performance levels and goals for any Performance Period and shall have the authority to make such adjustments as it deems appropriate in recognition of unusual or non-recurring events affecting Aptiv or any of its businesses, changes in applicable tax laws or accounting principles, or such other factors as the Committee may determine to preserve the incentive features of the Plan.

(d)No award will be provided to any director of Aptiv who is not an Employee as of the Payout Date.

(e)If a Participant is promoted during the Performance Period, his or her target bonus percentage may be increased (either for purposes of the entire Performance Period or a pro-rated portion thereof) to reflect such Participant’s new responsibilities.

4.2    Determination and Payment.

(a)Except as otherwise provided in the Plan, the percentage of each target award to be distributed to a Participant will be determined by the Committee on the basis of the performance levels established for such award and the performance of the applicable business or specified portion thereof, as the case may be, during the Performance Period. Following determination of the final payout percentage, the Committee may, including upon the recommendation of the Chief Executive Officer of Aptiv (for all Participants other than the Chief Executive Officer), make adjustments to awards (including adjustments that result in a Participant receiving no payout) for officers to reflect individual performance or any other business factor during such period. Adjustments to awards (including adjustments that result in a Participant receiving no payout) to reflect individual performance or any other business factor for Participants who are not officers may be made by the Chief Executive Officer, other officer or such other committee or individual as determined by the Committee. The aggregate amount of all awards allocated to Participants for the Performance Period will remain the same regardless of any adjustments made to the individual awards for such Performance Period (including adjustments that result in a Participant receiving no payout due to, for example, that individual terminating employment before the Payout Date). Any earned award, as determined and adjusted, is herein referred to as a “final award.”
2
    


(b)Payment of any final award (or portion thereof) to a Participant is subject to the satisfaction of the conditions precedent that such Participant: (i) continue to render services as an Employee through the Payout Date unless waived by the Committee, (ii) refrain from engaging in any activity through the Payout Date which, in the opinion of the Committee, is competitive with any activity of Aptiv or any “Subsidiary” (except that employment at the request of Aptiv with an entity in which Aptiv has, directly or indirectly, a substantial ownership interest, or other employment specifically approved by the Committee, may not be considered to be an activity which is competitive with any activity of Aptiv or any Subsidiary) and from otherwise acting, either prior to or after termination of employment, in any manner inimical or in any way contrary to the best interests of Aptiv or any Subsidiary, and (iii) furnish to Aptiv such information with respect to the satisfaction of the foregoing conditions precedent as the Committee may reasonably request.

(c)Final awards will be paid as soon as practicable following the end of the related Performance Period but prior to March 15 of the following calendar year unless the Committee, in its sole discretion, provides for the deferral of a payout under a nonqualified deferred compensation plan or program maintained by Aptiv, subject to the terms and conditions of such plan or program.

(d)All payouts under the Plan shall be paid in cash, unrestricted or restricted ordinary shares of Aptiv (which will be provided under a shareholder-approved equity plan of Aptiv, subject to the terms and conditions of such plan), or a combination of the foregoing, as determined by the Committee.

Matters not contemplated above will be subject to interpretation by the Chief Human Resources Officer, except for matters related to officer pay.

5.TREATMENT OF AWARDS UPON TERMINATION OR CHANGE IN CONTROL

5.1    If a Participant is terminated or voluntarily resigns employment at any time prior to the Payout Date, except as otherwise determined by the Committee, no award will be paid to the Participant.

5.2    Upon death or a “Qualified Termination” of a Participant’s employment prior to the Payout Date, the target award afforded to such Participant with respect to such Performance Period will be reduced pro rata based on the number of days remaining in the Performance Period after the month of death or Qualified Termination, and is subject to further adjustment (including adjustments that result in a Participant receiving no payout) to reflect individual performance or any other business factor; provided further that such actions would not cause any payment to result in deferred compensation that is subject to the additional tax under Section 409A of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”). The final award for such Participant will be determined by the Committee, including upon the recommendation of the Chief Executive Officer (for all Participants other than the Chief Executive Officer), (i) on the basis of the performance levels established for such award (including the minimum performance level) and the performance level achieved through the end of the Performance Period and
3
    


(ii) in the discretion of the Committee, on the basis of individual performance or any other business factor during the period prior to death or Qualified Termination, and will be paid in accordance with paragraph 4.2(c). Additionally, upon death, the executor(s) or administrator(s) of the Participant’s estate, or such other person(s) as determined by a court of competent jurisdiction, may receive payment, in accordance with and subject to the provisions of this Plan, provided the executor(s), administrator(s), or other person supplies documentation satisfactory to Aptiv to so act. Upon making such determination, Aptiv is relieved of any further liability regarding any award to the deceased Participant, the Participant’s estate or any other Person.

5.3    A qualifying leave of absence, determined in accordance with procedures established by the Committee, will not be deemed to be a termination of employment, but, except as otherwise determined by the Committee, the Participant’s target award may, but shall not be required to, be reduced pro rata based on the number of days during which such person was on such leave of absence during the Performance Period; provided that such actions would not cause any payment to result in deferred compensation that is subject to the additional tax under Section 409A of the Code.

5.4    Upon the effective date of a “Change in Control”, all unpaid target awards provided under this Plan will be paid on a pro rata basis to Participants who are employed until the date of the Change in Control based on the greater of target award or actual performance during the applicable Performance Period up to the date of the Change in Control. The pro-rated award shall be paid as a single lump sum payment as soon as practicable following the date of the Change in Control, but prior to March 15 of the following calendar in which the Change in Control occurs.

5.5    The Committee will determine when any Participant will be deemed to have terminated employment for purposes of the Plan; provided that, with respect to any award subject to Section 409A of the Code, a termination of employment occurs when a Participant experiences a “separation from service” (as such term is defined under Section 409A of the Code).

6.ADMINISTRATION

6.1    Power and Authority of the Committee. The Plan shall be administered by the Committee, which may, in its sole discretion:

(a)Determine the “Performance Period”;

(b)Determine a Participant’s threshold, target and maximum bonus amount;

(c)Determine the performance levels at which different percentages of awards will be earned;

(d)Determine the collective amount for all payouts, including with respect to Participants who are officers of Aptiv;

(e)Delegate to the Chief Executive Officer or such other committee or individual as determined by the Committee responsibility for determining, within the limits
4
    


established by the Committee, individual award targets for Participants who are not officers;

(f)Determine the selection of Employees for participation in the Plan and also decide any questions and settle any disputes or controversies that may arise with respect to the Plan.

(g)Vary from the provisions of the Plan in order to preserve its incentive features in the case of Participants not employed in the United States.

6.2    Plan Construction and Interpretation. The Committee or its delegate, as applicable, shall have full and exclusive power and authority to construe and interpret the Plan.

7.DEFINITIONS

7.1    “Base Salary” is a Participant’s annual rate of pay measured as of December 31st of each Performance Period, excluding all other pay elements (such as bonus payments and relocation allowances). For a Participant who becomes ineligible for the Plan during the Performance Period and is eligible for a pro-rated Bonus Award pursuant to the criteria specified above, Base Salary is the Participant’s annual rate of pay measured as of the last day he or she was eligible for the Plan.

7.2     “Bonus Award” is the amount of bonus granted to a Participant for a Performance Period as determined under the terms of the Plan.

7.3    “Change in Control” means (i) a direct or indirect change in ownership or control of Aptiv effected through one transaction or a series of related transactions within a 12-month period, whereby any “person” (as defined in Section 3(a)(9) of the United States Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended from time to time, and the rules, regulations and guidance thereunder (the “Exchange Act”)), or any two or more persons deemed to be one “person” (as used in Sections 13(d)(3) and 14(d)(2) of the Exchange Act) (in each case a “Person”) other than Aptiv or one of its affiliates or an employee benefit plan maintained by Aptiv, directly or indirectly acquire “beneficial ownership” (within the meaning of Rule 13d-3 under the Exchange Act) of securities of Aptiv constituting more than 30% of the total combined voting power of Aptiv’s equity securities outstanding immediately after such acquisition; (ii) at any time during a period of 12 consecutive months, individuals who at the beginning of such period constituted the Board cease for any reason to constitute a majority of members of the Board; provided, however, that any new member of the Board whose election or nomination for election was approved by a vote of at least a majority of the directors then still in office who either were directors at the beginning of such period or whose election or nomination for election was so approved, shall be considered as though such individual were a member of the Board at the beginning of the period, but excluding, for this purpose, any such individual whose initial assumption of office occurs as a result of an actual or threatened election contest with respect to the election or removal of directors or other actual or threatened solicitation of proxies or consents by or on behalf of a Person other than the Board; (iii) the consummation of a merger or consolidation of Aptiv or any of its Subsidiaries with any other corporation or entity, other than a merger or consolidation which would result in the voting securities of Aptiv outstanding immediately prior to such merger or consolidation continuing to represent (either by
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remaining outstanding or being converted into voting securities of the surviving entity or, if applicable, the ultimate parent thereof) at least 50% of the combined voting power and total fair market value of the securities of Aptiv or such surviving entity or parent outstanding immediately after such merger or consolidation; or (iv) the consummation of any sale, lease, exchange or other transfer to any Person (other than an affiliate of Aptiv), in one transaction or a series of related transactions within a 12-month period, of all or substantially all of assets of Aptiv and its Subsidiaries.

7.4    “Disability” means, with respect to any Participant, “Disability” as defined in such Participant’s employment agreement, if any, or if not so defined, (i) a permanent and total Disability that entitles the Participant to Disability income payments under any long-term Disability plan or policy provided by Aptiv or one of its Subsidiaries under which the Participant is covered, as such plan or policy is then in effect; (ii) if such Participant is not covered under a long-term Disability plan or policy provided by Aptiv or one of its Subsidiaries at such time for whatever reason, then a “permanent and total disability” as defined in Section 22(e)(3) of the Code and, in this case, the existence of any such Disability will be certified by a physician acceptable to Aptiv.

7.5    “Employee” means persons (i) who are employed by Aptiv, or any Subsidiary, including employees who are also directors of Aptiv or any such Subsidiary, or (ii) who accept (or previously have accepted) employment, at the request of Aptiv, with any entity that is not a Subsidiary but in which Aptiv has, directly or indirectly, a substantial ownership interest. To the extent determined by the Committee, the term “Employees” will include former employees and any executor(s), administrator(s), or other legal representatives of an employee’s estate.

7.6    “Participant” is an Employee who has been designated to participate in the Plan pursuant to paragraph 2 above.

7.7    “Payout Date” means the date the award is paid in accordance with Section 4.2(c) above.

7.8    “Performance Period” means that period established by the Committee during which the performance levels identified by the Committee shall be measured. Each Performance Period will be twelve (12) months or less.

7.9    “Qualified Termination” means termination due to Disability, or any other termination approved by the Committee.

7.10    “Subsidiary” means (i) a corporation of which Aptiv owns, directly or indirectly, capital stock having ordinary voting power to elect a majority of the board of directors of such corporation, (ii) any unincorporated entity of which Aptiv can exercise, directly or indirectly, comparable control, or (iii) any other entity which the Committee determines should be treated as a “subsidiary”.
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8.MISCELLANEOUS

8.1    No Guarantee of Award or Employment. No Employee, Participant or other person shall have any claim to be afforded any award under the Plan, and there is no obligation for uniformity of treatment of Employees, Participants or holders or beneficiaries of awards under the Plan. The provision of an award under the Plan shall not be construed as giving an Employee the right to be retained in the employ of, or to continue to provide services to, Aptiv or any Subsidiary. Further, Aptiv or the applicable Subsidiary may at any time dismiss an Employee, free from any liability, or any claim under the Plan, unless otherwise expressly provided in the Plan.

8.2    Unpaid Claims. All final awards which have been awarded in accordance with the provisions of the Plan will be paid as soon as practicable following the end of the related Performance Period but prior to March 15 of the following calendar year. If Aptiv has any unpaid claim against a Participant arising out of or in connection with the Participant’s employment with Aptiv or its Subsidiaries, such claim may be offset against awards under the Plan. Such claim may include, but is not limited to, unpaid taxes or corporate business credit card charges.

8.3    State Law. This Plan and all determinations made and actions taken pursuant hereto will be governed by the laws of the State of New York, without giving effect to principles of conflict of laws, and construed accordingly.

8.4    Unsecured Obligations. All payments and distributions will be paid from the general assets of Aptiv.

8.5    Administration Expenses. The expenses of administering this Plan will be borne by Aptiv.

8.6    No Alienation. Except as otherwise determined by the Committee, with the exception of transfer by will or the laws of descent and distribution, no target or final award is assignable or transferable and, during the lifetime of a Participant, any payment of any final award will only be made to the Participant.

8.7    Forfeiture and Recoupment. If Aptiv is required to prepare an accounting restatement due to the material noncompliance of Aptiv, as a result of misconduct, with any financial reporting requirement under the securities laws, and if the Participant knowingly or grossly negligently engaged in the misconduct, or knowingly or grossly negligently failed to prevent the misconduct, or if the Participant is one of the individuals subject to automatic forfeiture under Section 304 of the United States Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (and not otherwise exempted), the Participant shall reimburse Aptiv the amount of any payment in settlement of any award under the Plan earned or accrued during the twelve-month period following the first public issuance or filing with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (whichever first occurred) of the financial document not in compliance with such financial reporting requirement. Rights, payments and benefits under any award under the Plan shall be subject to repayment to or recoupment (clawback) by Aptiv in accordance with such policies and procedures as the Committee or the Board may adopt from time to time, including policies and
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procedures to implement applicable law, stock market or exchange rules and regulations or accounting or tax rules and regulations.

8.8    Tax Withholding. Aptiv shall be authorized to withhold from any payment due or transfer made under any award under the Plan or from any compensation or other amount owing to a Participant the amount (in cash, ordinary shares of Aptiv, other awards, other property, net settlement or any combination thereof) of applicable withholding taxes due in respect of such award, or settlement or any payment or transfer under such award or under the Plan and to take such other action (including providing for elective payment of such amounts in cash or ordinary shares of Aptiv by the Participant) as may be necessary in the opinion of Aptiv to satisfy all obligations for the payment of such taxes.

8.9    Section 409A. With respect to awards subject to Section 409A of the Code, the Plan is intended to comply with the requirements of Section 409A of the Code, and the provisions of the Plan shall be interpreted in a manner that satisfies the requirements of Section 409A of the Code, and the Plan shall be operated accordingly. To the extent any award under the Plan would become subject to Section 409A of the Code, such award shall be provided in compliance with the requirements set forth in Section 409A of the Code and any binding regulations or guidance promulgated thereunder. If any provision of the Plan or any term or condition of any award would otherwise frustrate or conflict with this intent, the provision, term or condition will be interpreted and deemed amended so as to avoid this conflict. If an amount payable under an award as a result of the Participant’s termination of employment (other than due to death) occurring while the Participant is a “specified employee” under Section 409A of the Code constitutes a deferral of compensation subject to Section 409A of the Code, then payment of such amount shall not occur until six months and one day after the date of the Participant’s termination of employment, except as permitted under Section 409A of the Code. If an award includes a “series of installment payments” (within the meaning of Section 1.409A-2(b)(2)(iii) of the Treasury Regulations), the Participant’s right to the series of installment payments shall be treated as a right to a series of separate payments and not as a right to a single payment. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the tax treatment of the benefits provided under the Plan is not warranted or guaranteed, and in no event shall Aptiv be liable for all or any portion of any taxes, penalties, interest or other expenses that may be incurred by the Participant on account of non-compliance with or treatment as deferred compensation under Section 409A of the Code.

8.10    Employee Retirement Income Security Act. Because the Plan does not provide welfare benefits and does not provide for the deferral of compensation to termination of employment, it is established with the intent and understanding that it is not an employee benefit plan within the meaning of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended.

8.11    Personal Information. By participating in the Plan, the Participant consents to the holding and processing of personal information provided by the Participant to Aptiv or any Subsidiary, trustee or third-party service provider, for all purposes relating to the operation of the Plan. These include, but are not limited to: (i) administering and maintaining Participant records; (ii) providing information to Aptiv, Subsidiaries, trustees of any employee benefit trust, registrars, brokers or third party administrators of the Plan; (iii) providing information to future purchasers or merger partners of Aptiv or any Subsidiary, or the business in which the Participant works; and (iv) transferring information about the Participant to
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any country or territory that may not provide the same protection for the information as the Participant’s home country.

8.12    Administrator Authority. Any person who accepts any award hereunder agrees to accept as final, conclusive, and binding all determinations of the Committee and the Aptiv officers.

9.PLAN AMENDMENT, MODIFICATION, SUSPENSION OR TERMINATION

The Committee may, at any time, amend, modify, suspend, or terminate this Plan provided that no such action shall (a) materially adversely affect the rights of a Participant with respect to outstanding target awards or final awards under the Plan without the consent of the affected Participant, except to the extent any such amendment, modification, suspension or termination is made to cause the Plan to comply with applicable law, stock market or exchange rules and regulations or accounting or tax rules and regulations, or (b) render any director of Aptiv who is not an Employee as of the Payout Date eligible to receive a target award.

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Exhibit 22

APTIV PLC
List of Guarantor Subsidiaries
Entity Name Jurisdiction
Aptiv Corporation* Delaware
Aptiv Holdings US Limited Jersey
Aptiv International Holdings (UK) LLP England and Wales

*Entity is also a subsidiary issuer



Exhibit 31.1
CERTIFICATIONS
Certification of Principal Executive Officer
I, Kevin P. Clark, certify that:
1.I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Aptiv PLC;
2.Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
3.Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
4.The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:
(a)Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
(b)Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
(c)Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
(d)Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
5.The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
(a)All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
(b)Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.
Date: August 5, 2021
/s/ Kevin P. Clark
Kevin P. Clark
President and Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer)



Exhibit 31.2
CERTIFICATIONS
Certification of Principal Financial Officer
I, Joseph R. Massaro, certify that:
1.I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Aptiv PLC;
2.Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
3.Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
4.The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:
(a)Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
(b)Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
(c)Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
(d)Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
5.The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
(a)All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
(b)Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.
Date: August 5, 2021
 
/s/ Joseph R. Massaro
Joseph R. Massaro
Chief Financial Officer and Senior Vice President, Business Operations
(Principal Financial Officer)



Exhibit 32.1
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350, AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
In connection with the filing of this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Aptiv PLC (the “Company”) for the period ended June 30, 2021, with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Kevin P. Clark, Chief Executive Officer, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 to the best of my knowledge, that:
1.The Report fully complies with the requirements of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and
2.The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

Date: August 5, 2021
/s/ Kevin P. Clark
Kevin P. Clark
President and Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer)
A signed original of this written statement required by Section 906 has been provided to the Company and will be retained by the Company and furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission or its staff upon request.


Exhibit 32.2
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350, AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
In connection with the filing of this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Aptiv PLC (the “Company”) for the period ended June 30, 2021, with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Joseph R. Massaro, Chief Financial Officer, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 to the best of my knowledge, that:
1.The Report fully complies with the requirements of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and
2.The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

Date: August 5, 2021
 
/s/ Joseph R. Massaro
Joseph R. Massaro
Chief Financial Officer and Senior Vice President, Business Operations
(Principal Financial Officer)
A signed original of this written statement required by Section 906 has been provided to the Company and will be retained by the Company and furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission or its staff upon request.