Note 1— Interim Financial Information

The unaudited interim financial information presented in the financial statements included in this report is prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (GAAP) and includes all known accruals and adjustments necessary, in the opinion of management, for a fair presentation of the consolidated financial position of Phillips 66 and its results of operations and cash flows for the periods presented. Unless otherwise specified, all such adjustments are of a normal and recurring nature. Certain notes and other information have been condensed or omitted from the interim financial statements included in this report. Therefore, these interim financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes included in our 2018 Annual Report on Form 10-K. The results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2019 , are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year. Certain prior period financial information has been recast to reflect the current year’s presentation.

Note 2— Changes in Accounting Principles

Effective January 1, 2019, we elected to adopt Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Accounting Standards Update (ASU) No. 2018-02, “Income Statement—Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income.” This ASU permits the deferred income tax effects stranded in accumulated other comprehensive income (AOCI) resulting from the U.S. Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the Tax Act) enacted in December 2017 to be reclassified to retained earnings. As of January 1, 2019, we recorded a cumulative effect adjustment to our opening consolidated balance sheet to reclassify an aggregate income tax benefit of $89 million , primarily related to our pension plans, from accumulated other comprehensive loss to retained earnings.

Effective January 1, 2019, we early adopted ASU 2016-13, “Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments,” using the modified retrospective transition method. This ASU amends the impairment model to utilize an expected loss methodology in place of the incurred loss methodology for financial instruments, including trade receivables, and off-balance sheet credit exposures. The amendment requires entities to consider a broader range of information to estimate expected credit losses, which may result in earlier recognition of losses. We recorded a noncash cumulative effect adjustment to retained earnings of $9 million , net of $3 million of income taxes, on our opening consolidated balance sheet as of January 1, 2019. See Note 4—Credit Losses , for more information on our presentation of credit losses.

Effective January 1, 2019, we adopted ASU No. 2016-02, “Leases (Topic 842),” using the modified retrospective transition method. The new standard establishes a right-of-use (ROU) model that requires a lessee to record a ROU asset and a lease liability on the consolidated balance sheet for all leases with terms longer than 12 months. Leases will continue to be classified as either finance or operating, with classification affecting the pattern of expense recognition in the consolidated income statement.

We elected the package of practical expedients that allowed us to carry forward our determination of whether an arrangement contained a lease and lease classification, as well as our accounting for initial direct costs for existing contracts. We recorded a noncash cumulative effect adjustment to our opening consolidated balance sheet as of January 1, 2019, to record an aggregate operating lease ROU asset and corresponding lease liability of $1,415 million and immaterial adjustments to retained earnings and noncontrolling interests. See Note 14—Leases , for the new lease disclosures required by this ASU.

* Includes derivatives-related activities. See Note 12—Derivatives and Financial Instruments , for additional information.

** Sales and other operating revenues are attributable to countries based on the location of the operations generating the revenues.

Contract-Related Assets and Liabilities

At March 31, 2019 , and December 31, 2018 , receivables from contracts with customers were $5,699 million and $4,993 million , respectively. Significant non-customer balances, such as buy/sell receivables and excise tax receivables, were excluded from these amounts.

Our contract-related assets also include payments we make to our marketing customers related to incentive programs. An incentive payment is initially recognized as an asset and subsequently amortized as a reduction to revenue over the contract term, which generally ranges from 5 to 15 years. At March 31, 2019 , and December 31, 2018 , our asset balances related to such payments were $259 million and $248 million , respectively.

Our contract liabilities represent advances from our customers prior to product or service delivery. At March 31, 2019 , and December 31, 2018 , contract liabilities were $158 million and $99 million , respectively.

Remaining Performance Obligations

Most of our contracts with customers are spot contracts or term contracts with only variable consideration. We do not disclose remaining performance obligations for these contracts as the expected duration is one year or less or because the variable consideration has been allocated entirely to an unsatisfied performance obligation. We also have certain contracts in our Midstream segment that include minimum volume commitments with fixed pricing, most of which expire by 2021. At March 31, 2019 , the remaining performance obligations related to these minimum volume commitment contracts were not material.

Note 4— Credit Losses

 

We are exposed to credit losses primarily through our sales of refined petroleum products, crude oil and NGLs. We assess each counterparty’s ability to pay for the products we sell by conducting a credit review. The credit review considers our expected billing exposure and timing for payment and the counterparty’s established credit rating or our assessment of the counterparty’s creditworthiness based on our analysis of their financial statements when a credit rating is not available. We also consider contract terms and conditions, country and political risk, and business strategy in our evaluation. A credit limit is established for each counterparty based on the outcome of this review. We may require collateralized asset support or a prepayment to mitigate credit risk.

We monitor our ongoing credit exposure through active review of counterparty balances against contract terms and due dates. Our activities include timely account reconciliation, dispute resolution and payment confirmation. We may employ collection agencies and legal counsel to pursue recovery of defaulted receivables.

At March 31, 2019 , we reported $7,303 million of accounts receivable, net of allowances of $35 million . Changes in the allowance were not material for the three months ended March 31, 2019 . Based on an aging analysis at March 31, 2019 , 99% of our accounts receivable were outstanding less than 60 days, with the remainder outstanding less than 90 days.

We are also exposed to credit losses from off-balance sheet exposures, such as guarantees of joint venture debt, residual value guarantees of leased assets and standby letters of credit. See Note 10—Guarantees , and Note 11—Contingencies and Commitments , for more information on these off-balance sheet exposures.

Inventories valued on the last-in, first-out (LIFO) basis totaled $4,931 million and $3,123 million at March 31, 2019 , and December 31, 2018 , respectively. The estimated excess of current replacement cost over LIFO cost of inventories amounted to approximately $5.1 billion and $2.9 billion at March 31, 2019 , and December 31, 2018 , respectively.

Dakota Access, LLC (Dakota Access) and Energy Transfer Crude Oil Company, LLC (ETCO)

In March 2019, a wholly owned subsidiary of Dakota Access closed on an offering of $2,500 million aggregate principal amount of unsecured senior notes. The net proceeds from the issuance of these notes were used to repay amounts outstanding under existing credit facilities of Dakota Access and ETCO. Dakota Access and ETCO have guaranteed repayment of the notes. In addition, Phillips 66 Partners LP (Phillips 66 Partners) and its co-venturers provided a Contingent Equity Contribution Undertaking (CECU) in conjunction with the notes offering. Under the CECU, if Dakota Access receives an unfavorable court ruling related to certain disputed construction permits and Dakota Access determines that an equity contribution trigger event has occurred, the venturers may be severally required to make proportionate equity contributions to Dakota Access and ETCO up to an aggregate maximum of approximately $2,525 million . Phillips 66 Partners’ share of the maximum potential equity contributions under the CECU is approximately $631 million .

Gray Oak Pipeline, LLC (Gray Oak)

In February 2019, Gray Oak Holdings LLC (Holdings LLC), a consolidated subsidiary of Phillips 66 Partners, transferred a 10% ownership interest in Gray Oak to a third party that exercised a purchase option for proceeds of $81 million . This transfer was accounted for as a sale and resulted in a decrease in Holdings LLC’s ownership interest in Gray Oak from 75% to 65% and the recognition of an immaterial gain. The proceeds received from this sale are presented as an investing cash inflow in the “Proceeds from asset dispositions” line on our consolidated statement of cash flows.

Phillips 66 Partners accounts for the investment in Gray Oak under the equity method because it does not have sufficient voting rights over key governance provisions to assert control over Gray Oak. Gray Oak is considered a variable interest entity (VIE) because it does not have sufficient equity at risk to fully fund the construction of all assets required for principal operations. Phillips 66 Partners has determined it is not the primary beneficiary because it and its co-venturers jointly direct the activities of Gray Oak that most significantly impact economic performance. At March 31, 2019 , Phillips 66 Partners’ maximum exposure to loss was $771 million , which represented the book value of the investment in Gray Oak of $741 million and guaranteed purchase obligations of $30 million .

See Note 21—Phillips 66 Partners LP , for additional information regarding Phillips 66 Partners’ ownership in Holdings LLC and Gray Oak.

OnCue Holdings, LLC (OnCue)

We hold a 50% interest in OnCue, a joint venture that owns and operates retail convenience stores. We fully guaranteed various debt agreements of OnCue and our co-venturer did not participate in the guarantees. This entity is considered a VIE because our debt guarantees resulted in OnCue not being exposed to all potential losses. We have determined we are not the primary beneficiary because we do not have the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact economic performance. At March 31, 2019 , our maximum exposure to loss was $124 million , which represented the book value of our investment in OnCue of $70 million and guaranteed debt obligations of $54 million .

Related Party Loan

On March 29, 2019 , Phillips 66 Partners and its co-venturers executed an agreement to loan Gray Oak up to a maximum of $1,230 million to finance construction of the Gray Oak Pipeline. The amount loaned by each venturer is expected to be proportionate to its effective ownership interest. The maximum amount to be loaned by Phillips 66 Partners is $520 million . Loans under this agreement are due on March 31, 2022 , with early repayment permitted. On April 1, 2019 , Phillips 66 Partners and its co-venturers loaned Gray Oak a total of $125 million under this agreement, of which Phillips 66 Partners’ share was $53 million .

Note 8— Earnings Per Share

The numerator of basic earnings per share (EPS) is net income attributable to Phillips 66, reduced by noncancelable dividends paid on unvested share-based employee awards during the vesting period (participating securities). The denominator of basic EPS is the sum of the daily weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the periods presented and fully vested stock and unit awards that have not yet been issued as common stock. The numerator of diluted EPS is also based on net income attributable to Phillips 66, which is reduced only by dividend equivalents paid on participating securities for which the dividends are more dilutive than the participation of the awards in the earnings of the periods presented. To the extent unvested stock, unit or option awards and vested unexercised stock options are dilutive, they are included with the weighted-average common shares outstanding in the denominator. Treasury stock is excluded from the denominator in both basic and diluted EPS.

  

Note 9— Debt

2019 Activity

On March 22, 2019, Phillips 66 Partners entered into a senior unsecured term loan facility with a borrowing capacity of $400 million that matures on March 20, 2020. At March 31, 2019 , term loans totaling $250 million were outstanding under this facility. Borrowings under this facility bear interest at a floating rate based on either the Eurodollar rate or the reference rate, plus a margin determined by Phillips 66 Partners’ credit ratings. Proceeds from term loans made under this facility were used for general partnership purposes, including repayment of amounts borrowed under Phillips 66 Partners’ $750 million revolving credit facility. At March 31, 2019 , borrowings of $15 million were outstanding under Phillips 66 Partners’ revolving credit facility, compared with borrowings of $125 million at December 31, 2018 .

At March 31, 2019 , $550 million of Phillips 66 Partners’ debt due within a year was classified as long-term debt based on Phillips 66 Partners’ intent to refinance these obligations on a long-term basis and ability to do so under its revolving credit facility.

2018 Activity

On March 1, 2018, Phillips 66 closed on a public offering of $1,500 million aggregate principal amount of unsecured notes consisting of:

These notes are guaranteed by Phillips 66 Company, a wholly owned subsidiary. Phillips 66 used the net proceeds from the issuance of these notes and cash on hand to repay commercial paper borrowings during the three months ended March 31, 2018, and for general corporate purposes. The commercial paper borrowings during the three months ended March 31, 2018, were primarily used to repurchase shares of our common stock. See Note 17—Treasury Stock , for additional information.

Note 10— Guarantees

At March 31, 2019 , we were liable for certain contingent obligations under various contractual arrangements as described below. We recognize a liability for the fair value of our obligation as a guarantor for newly issued or modified guarantees. Unless the carrying amount of the liability is noted below, we have not recognized a liability either because the guarantees were issued prior to December 31, 2002, or because the fair value of the obligation is immaterial. In addition, unless otherwise stated, we are not currently performing with any significance under the guarantees and expect future performance to be either immaterial or have only a remote chance of occurrence.

Guarantees of Joint Venture Obligations

At March 31, 2019 , we had guarantees outstanding for our portion of certain joint venture debt and purchase obligations, which have remaining terms of up to seven years. The maximum potential amount of future payments to third parties under these guarantees was approximately $207 million . Payment would be required if a joint venture defaults on its obligations.

Residual Value Guarantees

Under the operating lease agreement on our headquarters facility in Houston, Texas, we have a residual value guarantee with a maximum future exposure of $554 million . The operating lease term ends in June 2021 and provides us the option, at the end of the lease term, to request to renew the lease, purchase the facility or assist the lessor in marketing it

for resale. We also have residual value guarantees associated with railcar and airplane leases with maximum future exposures totaling $288 million , which have remaining terms of up to five years.

Indemnifications

Over the years, we have entered into various agreements to sell ownership interests in certain corporations, joint ventures and assets that gave rise to indemnification. Agreements associated with these sales include indemnifications for taxes, litigation, environmental liabilities, permits and licenses and employee claims, as well as real estate indemnity against tenant defaults. The provisions of these indemnifications vary greatly. The majority of these indemnifications are related to environmental issues, which generally have indefinite terms and potentially unlimited exposure. At March 31, 2019 , and December 31, 2018 , the carrying amount of recorded indemnifications was $173 million and $171 million , respectively.

We amortize the indemnification liability over the relevant time period, if one exists, based on the facts and circumstances surrounding each type of indemnity. In cases where the indemnification term is indefinite, we will reverse the liability when we have information to support that the liability was essentially relieved or amortize the liability over an appropriate time period as the fair value of our indemnification exposure declines. Although it is reasonably possible future payments may exceed amounts recorded, due to the nature of the indemnifications, it is not possible to make a reasonable estimate of the maximum potential amount of future payments. At March 31, 2019 , and December 31, 2018 , environmental accruals for known contamination of $104 million and $101 million , respectively, were included in the carrying amount of recorded indemnifications. These environmental accruals were primarily included in the “Asset retirement obligations and accrued environmental costs” line on our consolidated balance sheet. For additional information about environmental liabilities, see Note 11—Contingencies and Commitments .

Indemnification and Release Agreement

In 2012, in connection with our separation from ConocoPhillips (the Separation), we entered into the Indemnification and Release Agreement. This agreement governs the treatment between ConocoPhillips and us of matters relating to indemnification, insurance, litigation responsibility and management, and litigation document sharing and cooperation arising in connection with the Separation. Generally, the agreement provides for cross-indemnities principally designed to place financial responsibility for the obligations and liabilities of our business with us and financial responsibility for the obligations and liabilities of ConocoPhillips’ business with ConocoPhillips. The agreement also establishes procedures for handling claims subject to indemnification and related matters.

Note 11— Contingencies and Commitments

A number of lawsuits involving a variety of claims that arose in the ordinary course of business have been filed against us or are subject to indemnifications provided by us. We also may be required to remove or mitigate the effects on the environment of the placement, storage, disposal or release of certain chemical, mineral and petroleum substances at various active and inactive sites. We regularly assess the need for financial recognition or disclosure of these contingencies. In the case of all known contingencies (other than those related to income taxes), we accrue a liability when the loss is probable and the amount is reasonably estimable. If a range of amounts can be reasonably estimated and no amount within the range is a better estimate than any other amount, then the minimum of the range is accrued. We do not reduce these liabilities for potential insurance or third-party recoveries. If applicable, we accrue receivables for probable insurance or other third-party recoveries. In the case of income-tax-related contingencies, we use a cumulative probability-weighted loss accrual in cases where sustaining a tax position is less than certain.

Based on currently available information, we believe it is remote that future costs related to known contingent liability exposures will exceed current accruals by an amount that would have a material adverse impact on our consolidated financial statements. As we learn new facts concerning contingencies, we reassess our position both with respect to accrued liabilities and other potential exposures. Estimates particularly sensitive to future changes include contingent liabilities recorded for environmental remediation, tax and legal matters. Estimated future environmental remediation costs are subject to change due to such factors as the uncertain magnitude of cleanup costs, the unknown time and extent of such remedial actions that may be required, and the determination of our liability in proportion to that of other potentially responsible parties. Estimated future costs related to tax and legal matters are subject to change as events evolve and as additional information becomes available during the administrative and litigation processes.

Environmental

We are subject to international, federal, state and local environmental laws and regulations. When we prepare our consolidated financial statements, we record accruals for environmental liabilities based on management’s best estimates, using information available at the time. We measure estimates and base contingent liabilities on currently available facts, existing technology and presently enacted laws and regulations, taking into account stakeholder and business considerations. When measuring contingent environmental liabilities, we also consider our prior experience in remediation of contaminated sites, other companies’ cleanup experience, and data released by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) or other organizations. We consider unasserted claims in our determination of environmental liabilities, and we accrue them in the period they are both probable and reasonably estimable.

Although liability for environmental remediation costs is generally joint and several for federal sites and frequently so for state sites, we are usually only one of many companies alleged to have liability at a particular site. Due to such joint and several liabilities, we could be responsible for all cleanup costs related to any site at which we have been designated as a potentially responsible party. We have been successful to date in sharing cleanup costs with other financially sound companies. Many of the sites at which we are potentially responsible are still under investigation by the EPA or the state agencies concerned. Prior to actual cleanup, those potentially responsible normally assess the site conditions, apportion responsibility and determine the appropriate remediation. In some instances, we may have no liability or may attain a settlement of liability. Where it appears that other potentially responsible parties may be financially unable to bear their proportional share, we consider this inability in estimating our potential liability, and we adjust our accruals accordingly. As a result of various acquisitions in the past, we assumed certain environmental obligations. Some of these environmental obligations are mitigated by indemnifications made by others for our benefit, although some of the indemnifications are subject to dollar and time limits.

We are currently participating in environmental assessments and cleanups at numerous federal Superfund and comparable state sites. After an assessment of environmental exposures for cleanup and other costs, we make accruals on an undiscounted basis (except those pertaining to sites acquired in a business combination, which we record on a discounted basis) for planned investigation and remediation activities for sites where it is probable future costs will be incurred and these costs can be reasonably estimated. At March 31, 2019 , our total environmental accrual was $446 million , compared with $447 million at December 31, 2018 . We expect to incur a substantial amount of these expenditures within the next 30  years. We have not reduced these accruals for possible insurance recoveries. In the future, we may be involved in additional environmental assessments, cleanups and proceedings.

Legal Proceedings

Our legal organization applies its knowledge, experience and professional judgment to the specific characteristics of our cases, employing a litigation management process to manage and monitor the legal proceedings against us. Our process facilitates the early evaluation and quantification of potential exposures in individual cases and enables the tracking of those cases that have been scheduled for trial and/or mediation. Based on professional judgment and experience in using these litigation management tools and available information about current developments in all our cases, our legal organization regularly assesses the adequacy of current accruals and determines if adjustment of existing accruals, or establishment of new accruals, is required.

Other Contingencies

We have contingent liabilities resulting from throughput agreements with pipeline and processing companies not associated with financing arrangements. Under these agreements, we may be required to provide any such company with additional funds through advances and penalties for fees related to throughput capacity not utilized.

At March 31, 2019 , we had performance obligations secured by letters of credit and bank guarantees of $553 million  related to various purchase and other commitments incident to the ordinary conduct of business.

Note 12— Derivatives and Financial Instruments

Derivative Instruments

We use financial and commodity-based derivative contracts to manage exposures to fluctuations in commodity prices, interest rates and foreign currency exchange rates, or to capture market opportunities. Because we do not apply hedge accounting for commodity derivative contracts, all realized and unrealized gains and losses from commodity derivative contracts are recognized in our consolidated statement of income. Gains and losses from derivative contracts held for trading not directly related to our physical business are reported net in the “Other income” line on our consolidated statement of income. Cash flows from all our derivative activity for the periods presented appear in the operating section on our consolidated statement of cash flows.

Purchase and sales contracts with firm minimum notional volumes for commodities that are readily convertible to cash are recorded on our consolidated balance sheet as derivatives unless the contracts are eligible for, and we elect, the normal purchases and normal sales exception, whereby the contracts are recorded on an accrual basis. We generally apply the normal purchases and normal sales exception to eligible crude oil, refined petroleum product, NGL, natural gas and power commodity contracts to purchase or sell quantities we expect to use or sell in the normal course of business. All other derivative instruments are recorded at fair value on our consolidated balance sheet. For further information on the fair value of our derivatives, see Note 13—Fair Value Measurements .

Commodity Derivative Contracts —We sell into or receive supply from the worldwide crude oil, refined petroleum product, NGL, natural gas and electric power markets, exposing our revenues, purchases, cost of operating activities and cash flows to fluctuations in the prices for these commodities. Generally, our policy is to remain exposed to the market prices of commodities; however, we use futures, forwards, swaps and options in various markets to balance physical systems, meet customer needs, manage price exposures on specific transactions, and do a limited amount of trading not directly related to our physical business, all of which may reduce our exposure to fluctuations in market prices. We also use the market knowledge gained from these activities to capture market opportunities such as moving physical commodities to more profitable locations, storing commodities to capture seasonal or time premiums, and blending commodities to capture quality upgrades.

The following table indicates the consolidated balance sheet line items that include the fair values of commodity derivative assets and liabilities. The balances in the following table are presented on a gross basis, before the effects of counterparty and collateral netting. However, we have elected to present our commodity derivative assets and liabilities with the same counterparty on a net basis on our consolidated balance sheet when the legal right of offset exists.

 

At March 31, 2019 , and December 31, 2018 , there was no material cash collateral received or paid that was not offset on our consolidated balance sheet.

The realized and unrealized gains (losses) incurred from commodity derivatives, and the line items where they appear on our consolidated statement of income, were:

 

The following table summarizes our material net exposures resulting from outstanding commodity derivative contracts. These financial and physical derivative contracts are primarily used to manage price exposure on our underlying operations. The underlying exposures may be from non-derivative positions such as inventory volumes. Financial derivative contracts may also offset physical derivative contracts, such as forward sales contracts. The percentage of our derivative contract volumes expiring within the next 12 months was at least 98% at March 31, 2019 , and December 31, 2018 .