Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
1. Background and Basis of Presentation
Description of Business: Alexander & Baldwin, Inc. ("A&B" or the "Company") is a real estate investment trust ("REIT") headquartered in Honolulu, Hawai‘i. The Company operates in three segments: Commercial Real Estate; Land Operations; and Materials & Construction. A description of each of the Company's reporting segments is as follows:
•Commercial Real Estate ("CRE") - This segment functions as a vertically integrated commercial real estate company with core competencies in investments and acquisitions (i.e., identifying opportunities and acquiring properties); construction and development (i.e., designing and ground-up development of new properties or repositioning and redevelopment of existing properties); and in-house leasing and property management (i.e., executing new and renegotiating renewal lease arrangements, managing its properties' day-to-day operations and maintaining positive tenant relationships). The Company's preferred asset classes include improved retail and industrial properties and urban ground leases. Its focus within improved retail properties, in particular, is on grocery-anchored neighborhood shopping centers that meet the daily needs of Hawai‘i communities. Through its core competencies and with its experience and relationships in Hawai‘i, the Company seeks to create special places that enhance the lives of Hawai‘i residents and to provide venues and opportunities that enable its tenants to thrive. Income from this segment is principally generated by owning, operating and leasing real estate assets.
•Land Operations - This segment includes the Company's legacy assets and landholdings that are subject to the Company's simplification and monetization effort. Financial results from this segment are principally derived from real estate development and land sales, income/loss from real estate joint ventures, hydroelectric energy and other legacy business activities.
•Materials & Construction ("M&C") - This segment operates one of Hawai‘i's largest asphalt paving contractors and is one of the state's largest natural materials and infrastructure construction companies, primarily conducting business through its wholly-owned subsidiary, Grace Pacific LLC ("Grace Pacific"), a materials and construction company in Hawai‘i. The M&C segment also includes the Company-owned quarry land on Maui, as well as the Company’s unconsolidated joint venture interest in materials companies.
Grace Pacific owns hot-mix asphalt plants throughout the state that support its internal paving operations and third-party customers. Grace Pacific also owns and operates a rock quarry and processing plant in Makakilo, Hawai‘i. In addition, Grace Pacific offers a variety of related for-sale and for-rent services including temporary and permanent roadway traffic control (GP Roadway Solutions, Inc. or "GPRS") and other related products and services. Grace Pacific also holds a 50% interest in an unconsolidated affiliate, Maui Paving, LLC ("Maui Paving"), which operates primarily on the island of Maui, and a 50% interest in an unconsolidated affiliate, Goodfellow Grace Pacific A J.V., which operates primarily on the island of Lanai.
Additional activity in the M&C segment includes its share of the results of operations of an unconsolidated investment, Pohaku Pa‘a LLC ("Pohaku"). Pohaku, through its wholly-owned subsidiaries, operates rock quarries on the islands of Oahu and Maui and sells a wide range of products that include ready-mix concrete, rock and sand aggregates and cultured stone and related products.
As of December 31, 2021, the Company owns a portfolio of commercial real estate improved properties in Hawai‘i consisting of 22 retail centers, 11 industrial assets and four office properties, representing a total of 3.9 million square feet of gross leasable area; it also owns a portfolio of ground leases in Hawai‘i representing 143.4 acres as of December 31, 2021.
Basis of Presentation and Principles of Consolidation: The Company presents its financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States ("GAAP") as outlined in the Financial Accounting Standard Board ("FASB") Accounting Standards Codification (the "Codification" or "ASC"). The Codification is the single source of authoritative accounting principles applied by nongovernmental entities in the preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP.
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company (including all wholly-owned subsidiaries), as well as all other entities in which the Company has a controlling financial interest. Intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation. Significant investments in businesses, partnerships and limited liability companies in which the Company does not have a controlling financial interest, but the Company has the ability to exercise significant influence, are accounted for using the equity method.
A controlling financial interest in an entity may be established (i) through the Company holding a majority voting interest or (ii) if the Company is the primary beneficiary of an entity that qualifies as a variable interest entity ("VIE"), as defined in the Codification. The Company evaluates all partnerships, joint ventures and other arrangements with variable interests to determine if the entity or arrangement qualifies as a VIE. VIEs are entities where investors lack sufficient equity at risk for the entity to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support or where equity investors, as a group, lack one of the following characteristics: (a) the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the entity’s economic performance, (b) the obligation to absorb the expected losses of the entity, or (c) the right to receive the expected returns of the entity. If the entity or arrangement qualifies as a VIE and the Company is determined to be the primary beneficiary, the Company is required to consolidate the assets, liabilities, and results of operations of the VIE. The Company reevaluates whether an entity is a VIE as needed (i.e., when assessing reconsideration events that result in changes in the factors mentioned above) as part of determining if the consolidation or equity method treatment remains appropriate. As of December 31, 2021, the Company had an interest in various unconsolidated joint ventures that the Company accounts for using the equity method. Other than the obligations described in Note 12, obligations of the Company's joint ventures do not have recourse to the Company and the Company's maximum exposure is limited to its investment.
The consolidated financial statements include the historical results of GP/RM Prestress, LLC ("GPRM"), a supplier of structural precast/prestressed concrete products, which was owned 51% by the Company, through the date of its disposal during the year ended December 31, 2020 (refer to Note 24). The consolidated financial statements also include the results of GLP Asphalt, LLC ("GLP Asphalt"), an importer and distributor of liquid asphalt, which is owned 70% by the Company. These entities were consolidated because the Company held a controlling financial interest through its majority voting interest in the entities. The remaining interest in these entities is reported as Noncontrolling interest and Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest in the consolidated financial statements. Profits, losses and cash distributions are allocated in accordance with the respective operating agreements.
Use of Estimates: The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported. Estimates and assumptions are used for, but not limited to: (i) asset impairments, including intangible assets and goodwill, (ii) litigation and contingencies, (iii) revenue recognition for long-term real estate developments and construction contracts, (iv) pension and postretirement estimates, and (v) income taxes. Future results could be materially affected if actual results differ from these estimates and assumptions.
Customer Concentration: A significant portion of Materials & Construction revenue and accounts receivable is generated directly and indirectly from projects administered by the City and County of Honolulu and from the State of Hawai‘i. Reductions in funding of infrastructure projects by these government agencies could reduce revenue and profits from the M&C segment.
Rounding: Amounts in the consolidated financial statements and notes are rounded to the nearest tenth of a million. Accordingly, a recalculation of some per-share amounts and percentages, if based on the reported data, may result in differences.
Segment Reclassifications: Certain amounts presented in the prior year have been reclassified to conform to the current year presentation (e.g., captions previously presented in the prior years that, in the currently presented periods, are less than five percent of total assets or total liabilities were combined in the current year consolidated balance sheets). The Company continually monitors its reportable segments for changes in facts and circumstances to determine whether changes in the identification or aggregation of operating segments are necessary. In the first quarter of 2021, the Company updated its reportable segments. Consequently, the segment disclosures in this filing have been recast to reflect these changes and therefore differ from prior year quarterly filings to conform to the current year presentation resulting from the reorganization of a component of the Company historically included in the results of Land Operations that is now included in the results of Materials & Construction. Refer to Note 22 for additional information.
2. Significant Accounting Policies
Real estate property, net: Real estate property, net primarily represents long-lived physical assets associated with the CRE segment's leasing activity (e.g., improved property leases and ground leases); it also includes landholdings and related assets in the Land Operations segment that the Company holds for either possible future development or future monetization as part of its simplification strategy. The balance primarily consists of land, buildings and improvements and is recorded at cost, net of accumulated depreciation.
Expenditures for additions, improvements and other enhancements to real estate properties are capitalized, and minor replacements, maintenance and repairs that do not improve or extend asset lives are charged to expense as incurred. When
assets related to real estate properties are retired or otherwise disposed of, the related cost and accumulated depreciation is removed from the accounts and any resulting gain or loss is included in results of operations for the respective period.
Certain costs are capitalized related to the development and redevelopment of real estate properties, including pre-construction costs; real estate taxes; insurance; construction costs; attributable interest expense; and salaries, and related costs of personnel directly involved. Additionally, the Company makes estimates as to the probability of certain development and redevelopment projects being completed. If the Company determines the development or redevelopment is no longer probable of completion, the Company expenses all capitalized costs which are not recoverable.
Acquisitions of real estate properties: Acquisitions of real estate properties are evaluated to determine if they should be accounted for as asset acquisitions or business combinations (under current guidance, acquisitions of real estate properties are generally considered asset acquisitions). Under asset acquisition accounting, the Company estimates the fair value of acquired tangible assets (e.g., land, buildings and tenant improvements), identifiable intangible assets (e.g., in-place leases and favorable leases) and liabilities (e.g., unfavorable leases and assumed debt) based on an evaluation of available information at the date of the acquisition. Based on these estimates, the purchase consideration is allocated to the acquired assets and assumed liabilities. Transaction costs incurred during the acquisition process are capitalized as a component of the purchase consideration.
In estimating the fair value of the tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed, the Company considers information obtained about each property as a result of its due diligence and marketing and leasing activities and uses various valuation methods, such as estimated cash flow projections using appropriate discount and capitalization rates, analysis of recent comparable sales transactions, estimates of replacement costs net of depreciation and other available market information. The fair value of the tangible assets of an acquired property considers the value of the property as if it were vacant.
Values for favorable leases acquired and unfavorable leases assumed are estimated based on the present value (using a discount rate reflecting the risks associated with leases acquired) of the difference between: (i) the contractual amounts to be paid pursuant to the leases negotiated and in-place at the time of acquisition and (ii) management’s estimate of fair market lease rates for the property or an equivalent property, measured over a period equal to the remaining term of the lease for favorable leases and the initial term plus the estimated term of any below-market, fixed-rate renewal options for unfavorable leases. The assets recognized and liabilities assumed are amortized over the related lease term plus fixed-rate renewal options, as appropriate.
The purchase price is further allocated to in-place lease values and tenant relationship values based on management's evaluation of the specific characteristics of the acquired lease portfolio and the Company's overall relationship with the anchor tenants. Such amounts are amortized to expense over the remaining initial lease term (and expected renewal periods for tenant relationships).
Real estate developments: Real estate developments represent certain costs capitalized and presented in the Land Operations segment that relate to (i) active real estate development projects and other land intended for sale or (ii) potential future real estate development projects intended for lease that would be part of future CRE segment operations. For potential future real estate development projects intended for lease, when management with the relevant authority has approved expenditures for activities clearly associated with the development and construction of a CRE segment project (generally after all required government agency approvals have been obtained), the capitalized costs associated with such project (e.g., historical cost of land) will be included in Real estate property, net in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.
Certain costs capitalized relating to active real estate development projects intended for sale may include pre-construction costs (e.g., costs related to land acquisition); construction costs (e.g., grading, roads, water and sewage systems, landscaping and project amenities); direct overhead costs (e.g., utilities, maintenance, insurance and real estate taxes); capitalized interest; and salaries and related costs of personnel directly involved.
For development projects, capitalized costs are allocated using the direct method for expenditures that are specifically associated with the unit being sold and the relative-sales-value method for expenditures that benefit the entire project. Direct overhead costs incurred after the development project is substantially complete and ready to be marketed are charged to selling, general and administrative expense as incurred. All indirect overhead costs are charged to selling, general and administrative costs as incurred.
Cash flows related to active real estate development projects and other land intended for sale are classified as operating activities in the consolidated statements of cash flows.
Capitalized Interest: Interest costs on developments and major redevelopments are capitalized as part of real estate development and redevelopment projects that have not yet been placed into service. Capitalization of interest commences when development activities and expenditures begin and end when the asset is substantially complete and ready for its intended use or ready to be marketed.
Other property, net: Other property, net represents all other long-lived physical assets other than those presented in Real estate property, net and Real estate developments. The balance primarily consists of long-lived assets in the M&C segment, but also contains corporate long-lived physical assets and Land Operations long-lived physical assets that are used in other Land Operations activities and are not included in Real estate property, net or Real estate developments in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. Other property, net is stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation. Expenditures for major renewals and betterments are capitalized. Replacements, maintenance and repairs that do not improve or extend asset lives are expensed as incurred.
Depreciation and Amortization: Depreciation and amortization is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets. Estimated useful lives of property are as follows:
| | | | | |
Classification | Range of Life (in years) |
Building and improvements | 10 to 40 |
Leasehold improvements | 5 to 10 (lesser of useful life or lease term) |
Water, power and sewer systems | 5 to 50 |
Asphalt plants, machinery and equipment | 2 to 35 |
Other property improvements | 3 to 35 |
Intangible Assets: Real estate intangible assets are included in Real estate intangible assets, net in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets and are generally related to the acquisition of commercial real estate properties. In the event a lease or leases with a tenant have been, or are expected to be, terminated early, the Company evaluates the remaining useful lives of depreciable or amortizable assets of the associated assets related to the lease terminated (i.e., tenant improvements, above and below market lease intangibles, in-place lease value and leasing commissions). Based upon consideration of the facts and circumstances surrounding the termination, the Company may accelerate the depreciation and amortization of such associated assets.
Other intangible assets are included in Prepaid expenses and other assets in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets and are generally related to historical acquisitions from the Materials & Construction segment or software capitalized for internal use.
Cash and Cash Equivalents: Cash equivalents consist of highly liquid investments with a maturity of three months or less at the date of purchase. The Company carries these investments at cost, which approximates fair value.
Restricted Cash: The Company's historical restricted cash balances have been primarily composed of proceeds from potential §1031 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the "Code") tax-deferred sales held in escrow pending future use in acquisitions of replacement real estate assets (if within the required time period). As of December 31, 2021 and 2020, there were $0.8 million and zero of available proceeds from potential Code §1031 tax-deferred sales in the restricted cash balance, respectively.
Allowance for Credit Losses: The Company estimates its allowance for credit losses for financial assets within the scope of ASC Topic 326, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses ("ASC 326"), at portfolio levels which include the CRE segment, the Land Operations segment and individual components of the M&C segment. Within these portfolio levels, the Company develops expected credit loss estimates by security type (which may include financing receivables or contract assets recognized in contracts with customers) by factoring historical loss information; information on both current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts of future conditions that may not be reflected in historical loss information; and other relevant credit quality information for the respective securities. As part of this process, the Company analyzes relevant information on a collective (pool) basis for securities with similar risk characteristics or separately on an individual basis when a financial asset does not share risk characteristics with other financial assets.
The portfolios of financial assets within the scope of ASC 326 relating to the CRE and Land Operations segments include financing receivables (i.e., notes receivable), which are primarily composed of historical development and other land-related transactions. The assets in these portfolios are analyzed on an individual basis, in which the Company considers certain, available information specific to the counterparties to the transactions (e.g., liquidity and solvency of the counterparties) and environmental factors that are relevant in the assessment of the expected collectability of the future cash flows for these assets (e.g., changes and expected changes in the general economic environment in which the counterparty operates). For these assets,
the Company uses a discounted cash flow method to calculate the allowance for credit losses using the asset's effective interest rate.
The portfolios relating to the M&C segment represent discrete business components and are composed of contract assets from the Company's contracts with customers. The differing nature of the products and services provided by these components drive differences in historical and expected credit loss patterns and, as such, the Company tracks historical loss information at this portfolio level as part of information it uses to develop its estimate of expected credit losses. Further, as the Company believes its contract assets have different default risk expectations based on customer/project type, in addition to the historical loss information at the portfolio level, the Company also pools the respective portfolio's contract receivables by these different categories to make adjustments to its historical loss experience. Other information the Company analyzes and uses in its development of its allowance for credit losses include known customer information and environmental factors surrounding the customers' current and future ability to pay (i.e., changes and expected changes in the general economic environment in which the customers operate).
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts: Allowances for doubtful accounts are established by management based on estimates of collectability. Estimates of collectability are principally based on an evaluation of the current financial condition of the Company’s customers and their payment history, which are regularly monitored by the Company.
Other receivables, net: Other receivables, net are primarily composed of notes receivable recorded at cost less allowances for credit losses on the consolidated balance sheets.
Goodwill: The Company reviews goodwill for impairment at the reporting unit level annually or between annual tests if an event occurs or circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of the reporting unit below its carrying amount. If the results of the Company's test indicates that a reporting unit's estimated fair value is less than its carrying value, an impairment charge is recognized for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the reporting unit's fair value, not to exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. Refer to Note 8 for additional detail.
Self-Insured Liabilities: The Company is self-insured for certain losses that include, but are not limited to, employee health, workers’ compensation, general liability, real and personal property, and real estate construction warranty and defect claims. When feasible, the Company obtains third-party insurance coverage to limit its exposure to these claims. When estimating its self-insured liabilities, the Company considers a number of factors, including historical claims experience, demographic factors, and valuations provided by independent third-parties.
Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest: As noted above, the Company has a 70% ownership interest in GLP Asphalt through its ownership of Grace Pacific. The noncontrolling interest in GLP Asphalt may be redeemed for cash at the option of the noncontrolling interest holder at a redemption value, which is derived from a specified formula in the GLP Asphalt operating agreement (i.e., other than fair value).
Non-controlling interests in subsidiaries that are redeemable for cash or other assets outside of the Company’s control at other than fair value are classified as mezzanine equity, outside of equity and liabilities. Such amounts are adjusted at each reporting date to the higher of (1) the amount resulting from the initial carrying amount, increased or decreased for cumulative amounts of the noncontrolling interest holder's share of net income or loss, share of other comprehensive income or loss and dividends and (2) the redemption value on each annual balance sheet date. The resulting changes in the carrying value, increases or decreases, are recorded with corresponding adjustments against earnings surplus or, in the absence of earnings surplus, common stock. When applicable, these adjustments are reflected in the computation of earnings per share using the two-class method.
Fair Value Measurements: ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures ("ASC 820"), as amended, establishes a fair value hierarchy, which requires the Company to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. The hierarchy places the highest priority on unadjusted quoted market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurements) and assigns the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurements). The three levels of inputs within the hierarchy are defined as follows:
Level 1: Quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets.
Level 2: Significant other observable inputs other than Level 1 prices, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities, quoted prices in markets that are not active, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data.
Level 3: Significant unobservable inputs that reflect the Company’s own assumptions about the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability.
If the technique used to measure fair value includes inputs from multiple levels of the fair value hierarchy, the lowest level of significant input determines the placement of the entire fair value measurement in the hierarchy.
Revenue Recognition and Leases - The Company as a Lessor: Sources of revenue for the Company primarily include commercial property rentals, sales of real estate, real estate development projects, material sales and paving construction projects. The Company generates revenue from its three distinct business segments:
Commercial Real Estate: The Commercial Real Estate segment owns, operates, leases, and manages a portfolio of retail, office, and industrial properties in Hawai‘i; it also leases urban land in Hawai‘i to third-party lessees. Commercial Real Estate revenue is recognized under lease accounting guidance with the Company as lessor.
Leases - The Company as Lessor: The Company reviews its contracts to determine if they qualify as a lease. A contract is determined to be a lease when the right to substantially all of the economic benefits and to direct the use of an identified asset is transferred to a customer over a defined period of time for consideration. During this review, the Company evaluates among other items, asset specification, substitution rights, purchase options, operating rights and control over the asset during the contract period.
The Company has lease agreements with lease and non-lease components, which are generally accounted for separately under ASC Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. The Company has elected the practical expedient to not separate non-lease components from lease components for all classes of underlying assets where the component follows the same timing and pattern as the lease component and the lease component is classified as an operating lease. Non-lease components included in rental revenue primarily consist of tenant reimbursements for common area maintenance and other services paid for by the lessor and utilized by the lessee. Under the practical expedient, the Company accounts for the single, combined component under leasing guidance as the lease component is the predominant component in the contract.
Rental revenue is primarily derived from operating leases and, therefore, is generally recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease. Fixed contractual payments from the Company's leases are recognized on a straight-line basis over the terms of the respective leases. Straight-line rental revenue commences when the customer assumes control of the leased premises. The accrued straight-line receivable represents the amount by which straight-line rental revenue exceeds rents currently billed in accordance with lease agreements. Certain of the Company's lease agreements include terms for contingent rental revenue (e.g., percentage rents based on tenant sales volume) and tenant reimbursed property taxes, which are both accounted for as variable payments.
Certain of the Company's leases include termination and/or extension options. Termination options allow the customer to terminate the lease prior to the end of the lease term under specific circumstances. The Company's extension options generally require a re-negotiation with the customer at market rates. Initial direct costs, primarily commissions, related to the leasing of properties are capitalized on the balance sheet and amortized over the lease term. All other costs to negotiate or arrange a lease are expensed as incurred.
Accounts receivable related to leases are regularly evaluated for collectability, considering factors including, but not limited to, the credit quality of the customer, historical trends of the customer, and changes in customer payment terms. Upon determination that the collectability of a customer receivable is not probable, the Company will reverse the receivable and record a corresponding reduction of revenue previously recognized. Subsequent revenue is recorded on a cash basis until collectability on related billings becomes probable. Upon determination that portions of a tenant's receivables are not probable of collection (e.g., due to current conditions impacting specific amounts), the Company will record an allowance for doubtful accounts for the recorded operating lease receivable and record a corresponding adjustment of revenue previously recognized.
In April 2020, the FASB staff issued a question-and-answer document focusing on lease concessions related to the effects of the 2019 coronavirus ("COVID-19") and the application of lease accounting guidance related to modifications (the "Lease Modification Q&A"). See Note 14 for further discussion on the impact of applicable rent relief provided beginning in the quarter ended June 30, 2020 under the Lease Modification Q&A.
Land Operations: Revenues from sales of real estate are recognized at the point in time when control of the underlying goods is transferred to the customer and the payment is due (generally on the closing date). For certain development projects, the Company will use a percentage of completion for revenue recognition. Under this method, the amount of revenue recognized is based on the development costs that have been incurred throughout the reporting period as a percentage of total expected developments associated with the development project.
Materials & Construction: Revenue from the Materials & Construction segment is primarily generated from material sales and paving and construction contracts. The recognition of revenue is based on the underlying terms of the transactions.
Materials: Revenues from material sales, which include basalt aggregate, liquid asphalt and hot mix asphalt, are usually recognized at a point in time when control of the underlying goods is transferred to the customers (generally this occurs when materials are picked up by customers or their agents) and when the Company has a present right to payment for materials sold.
Construction: The Company's construction contracts generally contain a single performance obligation as the promise to transfer individual goods or services are not separately identifiable from other promises in the contracts and is, therefore, not distinct. Revenue is earned from construction contracts over a period of time as control is continuously transferred to customers.
Construction contracts can generally be categorized into two types of contracts with customers based on the respective payment terms; either lump sum or unit priced. Lump sum contracts require the total amount of work be performed under a single fixed price irrespective of actual quantities or actual costs. Earnings on both unit price contracts and lump sum fixed-price paving contracts are recognized using the percentage of completion, cost-to-cost, input method, as it is able to faithfully depict the transfer of control of the underlying assets to the customer.
Related to its long-term construction contracts, due to the nature of the work required to be performed, estimating total revenue and cost at completion of the contract is complex, subject to many variables and requires significant judgment. Such estimates of contract revenue and cost are dependent on a number of factors that may change during a contract performance period, resulting in changes to estimated contract profitability. These factors include, but are not limited to, the completeness and accuracy of the original bid; changes in the timing of scheduled work; change orders; unusual weather conditions; changes in costs of labor and/or materials; changes in productivity expectations; and the expected, or actual, resolution terms for claims. Management evaluates changes in estimates on a contract by contract basis and uses the cumulative catch-up method to account for the changes in the period in which they are determined.
Certain construction contracts include retainage provisions. The balances billed but not paid by customers pursuant to these provisions generally become due upon completion and acceptance of the project work or products by the owners.
The Company deems its contract prices reflective of the standalone selling prices of the underlying goods and services since the contracts are required to go through a competitive bidding process.
On a consolidated basis, in addition to disclosing amounts recorded as contract assets or contract liabilities in its consolidated balance sheets, the Company discloses information about the amount of contract consideration allocated to either wholly unsatisfied or partially satisfied performance obligations (see Note 13). Related to this disclosure, the Company has elected to not disclose information about the amount of contract consideration allocated to remaining performance obligations for certain contracts that have original expected durations of one year or less. This may occur with contracts for sales of real estate that are executed as of the end of the period with control of the underlying assets to be transferred to the customer subsequent to the end of the period. The closing date of such transactions will generally occur within one year or less of the contract execution date.
Leases - The Company as Lessee: The Company determines if an arrangement is a lease at inception by considering whether that arrangement conveys the right to use an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration. Operating leases are included in Operating lease right-of-use assets ("ROU assets") and Operating lease liabilities ("lease liabilities") in the Company's consolidated balance sheets. ROU assets and lease liabilities related to finance leases are included in Other property, net and Notes payable and other debt, respectively, in the Company's consolidated balance sheets.
ROU assets represent the Company's right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent the obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. ROU assets and lease liabilities are recognized at commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. As most of the Company's leases do not provide an implicit rate and are not readily determinable, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate based on the estimated rate of interest for collateralized borrowing over a similar term of the lease payments at commencement date. ROU assets also include any lease payments made at or before the commencement date and excludes any lease incentives received. Lease terms may include options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that the Company will exercise that option. Operating lease expense for lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term.
In connection with its application of the lease guidance, the Company has evaluated the lease and non-lease components within its leases where it is the lessee and has elected, for all classes of underling assets, the practical expedient to present lease and non-lease components in its lease agreements as one component. The Company has also elected, for all classes of underlying assets, to not recognize lease liabilities and lease assets for leases with a term of 12 months or less.
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets Held and Used and Finite-Lived Intangible Assets: Long-lived assets held and used, including finite-lived intangible assets, are reviewed for possible impairment when events or circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable. In such an evaluation, the estimated future undiscounted cash flows generated by the asset are compared with the amount recorded for the asset to determine if its carrying value is not recoverable. If this review determines that the recorded value will not be recovered, the amount recorded for the asset is reduced to estimated fair value. In evaluating the fair value of long-lived asset groups, significant estimates and considerable judgments are involved. These long-lived asset impairment analyses are highly subjective because they require management to make assumptions and apply considerable judgments to, among other things, estimates of the timing and amount of future cash flows, the cash flow projection period, uncertainty about future events, including changes in economic conditions, changes in operating performance, changes in the use of the assets and ongoing costs of maintenance and improvements of the assets, appropriate discount rates based on the perceived risks, and thus, the accounting estimates may change from period to period. Refer to Note 23 for further discussion.
Assets and Liabilities Held for Sale: The Company classifies assets and liabilities to be sold (disposal groups) as held for sale on the balance sheet in the period in which all of the criteria for held for sale classification are met.
Impairment of Investments in Affiliates: The Company's investments in affiliates that are accounted for under the equity method are reviewed for impairment whenever there is evidence that fair value may be below carrying cost. An investment is written down to fair value if fair value is below carrying cost and the impairment is believed to be other-than-temporary. Refer to Note 5 for further discussion.
Share-Based Compensation: The Company records compensation expense for all share-based payment awards made to employees and directors. The Company’s various equity plans are more fully described in Note 16.
Employee Benefit Plans: The Company provides a wide range of benefits to existing employees and retired employees, including single-employer defined benefit plans, postretirement, defined contribution plans, post-employment and health care benefits. The Company records amounts relating to these plans based on various actuarial assumptions, including discount rates, assumed rates of return, compensation increases, turnover rates and health care cost rate trends. The Company reviews its actuarial assumptions on an annual basis and makes modifications to the assumptions based on current economic conditions and trends. The Company believes that the assumptions utilized in recording obligations under the Company’s plans, which are presented in Note 17, are reasonable based on its experience and on advice from its independent actuaries; however, differences in actual experience or changes in the assumptions may materially affect the Company’s financial position or results of operations.
Interest and other income (expense), net for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019 included the following (in millions):
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2021 | | 2020 | | 2019 |
Pension and postretirement benefit (expense) | | $ | (3.0) | | | $ | (2.6) | | | $ | (3.1) | |
Interest income | | 1.0 | | | 1.7 | | | 3.0 | |
Gain (loss) on sale of joint venture interest | | — | | | — | | | 2.6 | |
Reductions in solar investments, net | | — | | | — | | | (0.1) | |
Other income (expense) | | 0.4 | | | 1.2 | | | 0.8 | |
Interest and other income (expense), net | | $ | (1.6) | | | $ | 0.3 | | | $ | 3.2 | |
Income Taxes: The Company makes certain estimates and judgments in determining income tax expense for financial statement purposes. These estimates and judgments are applied in the calculation of tax credits, tax benefits and deductions, and in the calculation of certain deferred tax assets and liabilities, which arise from differences in the timing of recognition of revenue and expense for tax and financial statement purposes. Deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are adjusted to the extent necessary to reflect tax rates expected to be in effect when the temporary differences reverse. Adjustments may be required to deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities due to changes in tax laws and audit adjustments by tax authorities. To the extent adjustments are required in any given period, the adjustments would be included within the tax provision in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. Refer to Note 18 for further discussion.
Discontinued Operations: The Company reports disposal groups as discontinued operations in the consolidated statements of operations when the criteria are met. The Company’s loss from discontinued operations for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019 included costs incurred in connection with the resolution of liabilities related to the Company’s former sugar operations. Liabilities related to the cessation of sugar operations are presented within Accrued and other liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets.
Earnings Per Share (“EPS”): Basic and diluted earnings per share are computed and disclosed in accordance with ASC Topic 260, Earnings Per Share. The Company utilizes the two-class method to compute earnings available to common shareholders. Under the two-class method, earnings are adjusted by accretion amounts to redeemable noncontrolling interests recorded at redemption value. The adjustments represent in-substance dividend distributions to the noncontrolling interest holder as the holder has a contractual right to receive a specified amount upon redemption. As a result, earnings are adjusted to reflect this in-substance distribution that is different from other common shareholders. In addition, the Company allocates net earnings to each class of common stock and participating security as if all of the net earnings for the period had been distributed. The Company's participating securities consist of time-based restricted unit awards that contain a non-forfeitable right to receive dividends and, therefore, are considered to participate in earnings with common shareholders. Basic earnings per common share excludes dilution and is calculated by dividing net earnings allocated to common shares by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted earnings per common share is calculated by dividing net earnings allocable to common shares by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding for the period, as adjusted for the potential dilutive effect of non-participating share-based awards.
Recently issued accounting pronouncements
In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU No. 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform, establishing ASC Topic 848, and amended the standard thereafter through ASU No. 2021-01 (collectively, "ASC 848"). ASC 848 provides optional practical expedients and exceptions related to the impacts of reference rate reform that affect certain debt, leases, derivatives and other contracts if certain criteria are met. The amendments apply only to contracts and hedging relationships that reference LIBOR or another reference rate expected to be discontinued due to reference rate reform. These amendments are effective immediately and may be applied prospectively to contract modifications made and hedging relationships entered into or evaluated on or before December 31, 2022. Reference rate reform has not had a material impact on any of the Company's existing contracts, therefore, the Company has not elected to apply any of the optional practical expedients and exceptions under ASC 848 as of the current date. The Company will assess future changes in its contracts and the impact of electing to apply the optional practical expedients and exceptions provided by ASC 848 as they occur, but does not expect their application will have a material effect on its financial position or results of operations.
3. Real Estate Property, Net and Other Property, Net
Real estate property, net as of December 31, 2021 and 2020 includes the following (in millions):
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2021 | | 2020 |
Land | | $ | 784.9 | | | $ | 769.6 | |
Buildings | | 709.4 | | | 696.0 | |
Other property improvements | | 93.9 | | | 84.1 | |
Subtotal | | 1,588.2 | | | 1,549.7 | |
Accumulated depreciation | | (180.5) | | | (154.4) | |
Real estate property, net | | $ | 1,407.7 | | | $ | 1,395.3 | |
Other property, net, as of December 31, 2021 and 2020 was as follows (in millions):
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2021 | | 2020 |
Land | | $ | 38.3 | | | $ | 39.3 | |
Buildings | | 13.4 | | | 18.5 | |
Asphalt plants, machinery and equipment | | 46.6 | | | 104.4 | |
Water, power and sewer systems | | 21.0 | | | 19.7 | |
Other property improvements | | 6.2 | | | 6.4 | |
Subtotal | | 125.5 | | | 188.3 | |
Accumulated depreciation | | (42.0) | | | (77.5) | |
Other property, net | | $ | 83.5 | | | $ | 110.8 | |
As noted in Note 2, the Company may capitalize a portion of interest costs incurred to long-lived assets for developments, major redevelopments and other projects that meet certain criteria. Total interest costs incurred were $26.6 million, $30.6 million, and $34.1 million in 2021, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Capitalized interest costs related to development activities were $0.3 million, $0.3 million and $1.0 million in 2021, 2020 and 2019, respectively.
Depreciation expense for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019 was $38.2 million, $38.8 million and $35.6 million, respectively.
4. Acquisitions and Intangible Assets, Net
During the year ended December 31, 2021, the Company acquired two commercial real estate assets for $10.8 million that were accounted for as asset acquisitions. Such acquisitions were structured primarily with funds acquired from involuntary conversions in accordance with Code §1033 from the sale of land on Maui in 2018.
The allocation of purchase price to the aggregate assets acquired in connection with the two commercial real estate acquisitions in 2021 was as follows (in millions):
| | | | | | | | |
Fair value of assets acquired | | |
Assets acquired: | | |
Land | | $ | 8.8 | |
Property and improvements | | 2.0 | |
| | |
| | |
| | |
| | |
| | |
| | |
| | |
Total assets acquired | | $ | 10.8 | |
As of the acquisition date, there were no in-place, favorable, or unfavorable leases for the acquired properties.
Acquisitions in 2020
The Company did not execute any commercial real estate asset acquisitions during the year ended December 31, 2020.
Acquisitions in 2019
During the year ended December 31, 2019, the Company acquired five commercial real estate assets for $218.4 million that were accounted for as asset acquisitions. Such acquisitions were structured as like-kind exchanges in accordance with Code §1031, using cash proceeds from the sale of agricultural land on Maui in 2018.
The allocation of purchase price to the aggregate assets acquired and liabilities assumed in connection with the five commercial real estate acquisitions in 2019 was as follows (in millions):
| | | | | | | | |
Fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed | | |
Assets acquired: | | |
Land | | $ | 106.9 | |
Property and improvements | | 91.3 | |
In-place leases | | 23.2 | |
Favorable leases | | 4.3 | |
Total assets acquired | | $ | 225.7 | |
| | |
Liabilities assumed: | | |
Unfavorable leases | | $ | 7.3 | |
Total liabilities assumed | | $ | 7.3 | |
Net assets acquired | | $ | 218.4 | |
| | |
| | |
As of the acquisition date, the weighted-average amortization periods of the in-place and favorable leases were approximately 8.2 years and 4.7 years, respectively. The weighted-average amortization period of the unfavorable leases was approximately 18.6 years.
Intangible assets, net
Real estate intangible assets, net and other intangible assets included in Prepaid expenses and other assets as of December 31, 2021 and 2020 were as follows (in millions):
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| 2021 | | 2020 |
In-place leases | $ | 124.8 | | | $ | 125.0 | |
Favorable leases | 29.0 | | | 29.0 | |
Accumulated amortization of in-place leases | (81.9) | | | (73.8) | |
Accumulated amortization of favorable leases | (20.3) | | | (18.3) | |
Real estate intangible assets, net | $ | 51.6 | | | $ | 61.9 | |
| | | |
Other intangible assets | $ | 21.1 | | | $ | 20.4 | |
Accumulated amortization of other intangible assets | (12.4) | | | (10.2) | |
Other intangible assets, net | $ | 8.7 | | | $ | 10.2 | |
Total intangible asset amortization expense was $12.2 million, $14.5 million, and $12.5 million for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Estimated amortization expenses related to intangible assets over the next five years are as follows (in millions):
| | | | | |
| Estimated Amortization |
2022 | $ | 9.1 | |
2023 | 8.1 | |
2024 | 5.9 | |
2025 | 5.5 | |
2026 | 3.9 | |
5. Investments in Affiliates
In November 2021, the Company's joint venture projects Kukui`ula Development Company (Hawaii) LLC ("KDCH"), Kukui`ula Web IP LLC, and Lodge IP LLC (collectively, "Kukui`ula") completed the sale of substantially all of their assets to a third party for $183.5 million ("Kukui`ula Transaction"), which resulted in the Company receiving cash distributions of $113.4 million. Subsequent to the Kukui`ula Transaction, the Company and its joint venture partner retained their respective ownership interest in KDCH.
The Company's investments in affiliates consist principally of equity investments in limited liability companies that operate or develop real estate and joint ventures that engage in materials and construction-related activities and renewable energy. The Company does not have a controlling financial interest, but has the ability to exercise significant influence over the operating and financial policies of these investments and, accordingly, accounts for its investments using the equity method of accounting. Operating results presented in the Company's consolidated statements of operations include the Company's proportionate share of net income (loss) from its equity method investments.
The Company’s carrying value of investments in affiliates totaled $39.3 million and $169.6 million as of December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. The amounts of the Company’s investment as of December 31, 2021 and 2020 that represent undistributed earnings of investments in affiliates was approximately $7.5 million and $10.6 million, respectively. Dividends and distributions from unconsolidated affiliates totaled $148.6 million in 2021, $6.1 million in 2020, and $12.4 million in 2019. During the three years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019, Income (loss) related to joint ventures was $17.5 million, $5.9 million and $5.3 million, respectively, and return on investment operating cash distributions was $8.9 million, $1.1 million and $3.9 million, respectively.
A summary of combined assets and liabilities reported by such entities accounted for by the equity method as of December 31, 2021 and 2020 were as follows (in millions):
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2021 | | 2020 |
Current assets | | $ | 73.2 | | | $ | 73.0 | |
Non-current assets | | 206.4 | | | 688.0 | |
Total assets | | $ | 279.6 | | | $ | 761.0 | |
| | | | |
Current liabilities | | $ | 28.1 | | | $ | 33.5 | |
Non-current liabilities | | 88.7 | | | 96.7 | |
Total liabilities | | $ | 116.8 | | | $ | 130.2 | |
A summary of combined operating results reported by such entities accounted for by the equity method for each of the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019 were as follows (in millions):
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2021 | | 2020 | | 2019 |
Revenues | | $ | 243.0 | | | $ | 174.2 | | | $ | 191.9 | |
Operating costs and expenses | | 214.2 | | | 147.1 | | | 173.0 | |
Gross profit (loss) | | $ | 28.8 | | | $ | 27.1 | | | $ | 18.9 | |
Income (loss) from Continuing Operations* | | $ | (288.1) | | | $ | 12.1 | | | $ | 6.6 | |
Net income (loss)* | | $ | (288.3) | | | $ | 11.6 | | | $ | 6.6 | |
* Includes earnings from equity method investments held by the investee. |
Investments in affiliates Net income (loss) is primarily related to the net loss incurred by the joint venture as a result of the aforementioned Kukui`ula transaction in which the carrying value of the net assets sold exceeded the net sales proceeds. In connection with the Kukui`ula transaction, the Company recognized income related to joint ventures of $5.5 million during the fourth quarter of 2021, reflecting a basis difference that was derived from an other-than-temporary impairment charge of $186.8 million recorded by the Company in the fourth quarter of 2018.
6. Allowances and Other Reserves
The Company reduces recorded amounts for accounts receivable and other financial assets by various allowances and reserve accounts. Effective January 1, 2020, the Company adopted ASC 326 and certain amounts previously recorded in the allowance for doubtful accounts or in other allowances for financing receivables were reclassified to an allowance for credit losses.
The following table presents the balances and activity (including reclassifications) in the various allowance and reserve accounts related to the Company's accounts receivable and financial assets for the three years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019 (in millions):
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Balance at beginning of year | | Impact of adoption of ASC 3261 | | Impact of adoption of ASC 3262 | | Additions/(Reductions)3 | | Deductions or other4 | | Balance at end of year |
Year ended December 31, 2021 | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Deducted from assets | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Reserve for cash basis tenants | | $ | 12.7 | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | (1.3) | | | $ | (0.3) | | | $ | 11.1 | |
Allowance for doubtful accounts | | $ | 2.6 | | | — | | | — | | | (1.7) | | | (0.1) | | | $ | 0.8 | |
Reserve for contract credits | | $ | 2.3 | | | — | | | — | | | (1.2) | | | — | | | $ | 1.1 | |
Allowance for credit losses - financing receivables | | $ | 3.9 | | | — | | | — | | | (1.4) | | | — | | | $ | 2.5 | |
Allowance for credit losses - contract assets | | $ | 0.7 | | | — | | | — | | | (0.2) | | | — | | | $ | 0.5 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Year ended December 31, 2020 | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Deducted from assets | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Reserve for cash basis tenants | | $ | 0.9 | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 10.6 | | | $ | 1.2 | | | $ | 12.7 | |
Allowance for doubtful accounts | | $ | 0.6 | | | (0.3) | | | — | | | 3.6 | | | (1.3) | | | $ | 2.6 | |
Reserve for contract credits | | $ | 2.3 | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | $ | 2.3 | |
Allowance for credit losses - financing receivables | | $ | — | | | 1.6 | | | 2.7 | | | (0.4) | | | — | | | $ | 3.9 | |
Allowance for credit losses - contract assets | | $ | — | | | 0.3 | | | 1.4 | | | (0.9) | | | (0.1) | | | $ | 0.7 | |
Loans allowance | | $ | 1.6 | | | (1.6) | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | $ | — | |
Other reserves | | $ | 0.4 | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | (0.4) | | | $ | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Year ended December 31, 2019 | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Deducted from assets | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Reserve for cash basis tenants | | $ | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 0.9 | | | $ | 0.9 | |
Allowance for doubtful accounts | | $ | 2.0 | | | — | | | — | | | (0.4) | | | (1.0) | | | $ | 0.6 | |
Reserve for contract credits | | $ | — | | | — | | | — | | | 2.3 | | | — | | | $ | 2.3 | |
Loans allowance | | $ | 1.6 | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | $ | 1.6 | |
Other reserves | | $ | 0.4 | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | $ | 0.4 | |
1 Reclassifications from other reserves or allowances that fall into the scope of ASC 326.
2 Impact of adoption of ASC 326 recorded against total equity.
3 Net provisions charged against income.
4 Write offs or other activity (e.g., reclassifications for movement of allowances to cash basis reserves).
Refer to Note 14 for discussion on current period charges related to the Company's assessment of collectability on amounts due under leases. Note that under ASC 842, such charges and reserve activity reflect a reversal of the revenue and receivable balance originally recorded.
The allowance for credit losses for financing receivables at December 31, 2021 relates to two assets that originated as part of transactions in the Land Operations segment. The credit quality of the Company's financing receivables is monitored each reporting period on an individual asset basis using specific information on the counterparties in these transactions. The first originated in 2008 and had an amortized cost basis of $1.6 million as of both December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020. Based on individual credit quality indicators of the counterparty as of December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the most likely outcome of expected cash flows for the asset in a range of possible outcomes (i.e., the single best estimate) was zero and, as a result, the Company recorded a full allowance for credit losses for the financing receivable as of December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020. The second financing receivable within Land Operations was generated in 2017 and had an amortized cost basis of $2.8 million and $2.7 million as of December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. This financing receivable was evaluated based on the credit quality indicators of the counterparty (as well as reasonable and supportable forecasts of future conditions that are relevant to determining the expected collectability of the receivable) as of December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 and the estimated allowance for credit losses was calculated using a discounted cash flow approach.
The allowance for credit losses for contract assets relates to trade receivables in the M&C segment that are due in one year or less and resulted from revenue transactions from contracts with customers.
For allowance for credit losses estimated using the discounted cash flow approach, changes in present value attributable to the passage of time are reported as an adjustment to credit loss expense. As a result, the provision for expected credit losses in any given period may be impacted by changes in expected credit losses on future payments or current period collections for receivables on which allowances were recorded in previous periods, both of which may be further impacted or offset by changes in present value attributable to the passage of time.
7. Inventories
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost (principally average cost, first-in, first-out basis) or net realizable value. Inventories as of December 31, 2021 and 2020 were as follows (in millions):
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| 2021 | | 2020 |
Asphalt | $ | 4.7 | | $ | 4.2 |
Processed rock and sand | 8.1 | | 7.9 |
Work in progress | 3.6 | | 3.2 |
Retail merchandise | 2.1 | | 2.1 |
Parts, materials and supplies inventories | 1.8 | | 1.0 |
Total | $ | 20.3 | | $ | 18.4 |
8. Goodwill
The Company's goodwill balance as of December 31, 2021 and 2020 was $8.7 million and $10.5 million, respectively. As of January 1, 2020, the goodwill balance was attributable to two reporting units in the M&C segment - GPRS (primarily consisting of Grace Pacific’s roadway and maintenance solutions operations) and GPRM (primarily consisting of Grace Pacific’s prestressed and precast concrete operations) - and the CRE reporting unit, which is also a reportable segment. During the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company disposed of the GPRM reporting unit in its entirety and derecognized the associated goodwill accordingly.
The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill (for each period a consolidated balance sheet is presented) allocated to the Company's reportable segments starting with the year ended December 31, 2020 and continuing to the year ended December 31, 2021 were as follows (in millions):
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Materials & Construction | | Commercial Real Estate | | Total |
Carrying amount of goodwill: | | | | | | |
Gross amount of goodwill | | $ | 93.6 | | | $ | 8.7 | | | $ | 102.3 | |
Accumulated impairment losses | | (86.9) | | | — | | | (86.9) | |
Balance, January 1, 2020 | | $ | 6.7 | | | $ | 8.7 | | | $ | 15.4 | |
| | | | | | |
| | | | | | |
Gross amount of goodwill included in disposal | | (7.1) | | | — | | | (7.1) | |
Accumulated impairment losses included in disposal | | 2.2 | | | $ | — | | | 2.2 | |
| | | | | | |
Carrying amount of goodwill: | | | | | | |
Gross amount of goodwill | | 86.5 | | | 8.7 | | | 95.2 | |
Accumulated impairment losses | | (84.7) | | | — | | | (84.7) | |
Balance, December 31, 2020 | | $ | 1.8 | | | $ | 8.7 | | | $ | 10.5 | |
| | | | | | |
Impairment losses | | $ | (1.8) | | | $ | — | | | (1.8) | |
| | | | | | |
| | | | | | |
| | | | | | |
Carrying amount of goodwill: | | | | | | |
Gross amount of goodwill | | 86.5 | | | 8.7 | | | 95.2 | |
Accumulated impairment losses | | (86.5) | | | — | | | (86.5) | |
Balance, December 31, 2021 | | $ | — | | | $ | 8.7 | | | $ | 8.7 | |
There is no goodwill related to the Land Operations segment.
Goodwill Impairment: The goodwill impairment test estimates the fair value of a reporting unit using various methodologies, including an income approach that is based on a discounted cash flow analysis and a market approach that involves the application of market-derived multiples. Valuations performed in conjunction with the Company's goodwill impairment tests for each reporting unit assumes that each is an unrelated business to be sold separately and independently from the other reporting units.
The discounted cash flow approach relies on a number of assumptions, including future macroeconomic conditions, market factors specific to the reporting unit, the amount and timing of estimated future cash flows to be generated by the business over an extended period of time and a discount rate that considers the risks related to the amount and timing of the cash flows, among others. Under the market multiple methodology, the estimate of fair value is based on market multiples of EBITDA (earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization) or revenues. When using market multiples of EBITDA or revenues, the Company must make judgments about the comparability of those multiples in closed and proposed transactions and comparability of multiples for similar companies.
If the results of the Company's test indicates that a reporting unit's estimated fair value is less than its carrying value, an impairment charge is recognized for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the reporting unit's fair value, not to exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit.
During the year ended December 31, 2021, the Company recorded a non-cash impairment charge of $1.8 million related to its one remaining M&C reporting unit based upon the results of its annual goodwill impairment test performed.
The Company's goodwill and impairment test estimated the fair value of the M&C reporting unit using an income approach that was based on a discounted cash flow analysis. The Company classified these fair value measurements as Level 3. The weighted-average discount rate used in the 2021 valuation was 13.0%.
9. Fair Value Measurements
The fair value of the Company's cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, accounts receivable, net and short-term borrowings approximate their carrying values due to the short-term nature of the instruments.
The fair value of the Company's notes receivable approximates the carrying amount of $8.4 million and $11.5 million as of December 31, 2021 and 2020. The fair value of these notes is estimated using a discounted cash flow analysis in which the Company uses unobservable inputs such as market interest rates determined by the loan-to-value and market capitalization rates related to the underlying collateral at which management believes similar loans would be made and classified as a Level 3 measurement in the fair value hierarchy.
At December 31, 2021, the carrying amount of the Company's notes payable and other debt was $532.7 million and the corresponding fair value was $554.3 million. At December 31, 2020, the carrying amount of the Company's notes payable and other debt was $687.1 million and the corresponding fair value was $704.1 million. The fair value of debt is calculated by discounting the future cash flows of the debt at rates based on instruments with similar risk, terms and maturities as compared to the Company's existing debt arrangements (Level 3).
The Company records its interest rate swaps at fair value. The fair values of the Company's interest rate swaps (Level 2 measurements) are based on the estimated amounts that the Company would receive or pay to terminate the contracts at the reporting date and are determined using interest rate pricing models and interest rate related observable inputs (refer to Note 11 for fair value information regarding the Company's derivative instruments).
During the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019, the Company recorded aggregate impairment charges of $26.1 million, $5.6 million and $49.7 million related to goodwill and/or other long-lived assets. During the year ended December 31, 2021, the Company also recorded an other-than-temporary-impairment charge of $2.9 million related to an equity method investment. The Company has classified the fair value measurements as a Level 3 measurement in the fair value hierarchy because they involve significant unobservable inputs such as cash flow projections, discount rates and management assumptions.
Impairment of Investments in Unconsolidated Affiliate: The Company's investments in unconsolidated affiliates are reviewed for impairment whenever there is evidence that fair value may be below carrying cost. An investment is written down to fair value if fair value is below carrying cost and the impairment is believed to be other-than-temporary. Significant estimates that are highly subjective and with considerable judgment are involved, including the Company's current and future evaluation of general economic and market conditions, estimates regarding the timing and amount of future cash flows, including revenue,
and cost of sales, and appropriate discount rates based on the perceived risks, among others. Changes in these and other assumptions could affect the fair value of the unconsolidated affiliate. The Company classified these fair value measurements as Level 3.
During the year ended December 31, 2021, the Company determined that its investment in Maui Paving was other-than-temporarily impaired due to lower paving volumes and persisting, competitive market pressures that negatively affect sales and margins. As a result, the Company estimated the fair value of its investment in Maui Paving using a discounted cash flow model and recorded a non-cash, other-than-temporary impairment of $2.9 million. In the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, the Company did not recognize any impairments of its investments in affiliates.
10. Notes Payable and Other Debt
As of December 31, 2021 and 2020, Notes payable and other debt consisted of the following (in millions):
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | Principal Outstanding |
Debt | | Interest Rate (%) | | Maturity Date | | December 31, 2021 | | December 31, 2020 |
Secured: | | | | | | | | |
Kailua Town Center | | (1) | | 2021 | | $ | — | | | $ | 9.8 | |
Kailua Town Center #2 | | 3.15% | | 2021 | | — | | | 4.5 | |
Heavy Equipment Financing | | (2) | | (2) | | 1.9 | | | 3.2 | |
Laulani Village | | 3.93% | | 2024 | | 60.2 | | | 61.3 | |
Pearl Highlands | | 4.15% | | 2024 | | 79.4 | | | 81.4 | |
Manoa Marketplace | | (3) | | 2029 | | 56.3 | | | 57.9 | |
Subtotal | | | | | | $ | 197.8 | | | $ | 218.1 | |
Unsecured: | | | | | | | | |
Bank syndicated loan | | (4) | | 2021 | | — | | | 50.0 | |
Series A Note | | 5.53% | | 2024 | | 21.3 | | | 28.4 | |
Series J Note | | 4.66% | | 2025 | | 10.0 | | | 10.0 | |
Series B Note | | 5.55% | | 2026 | | 45.0 | | | 46.0 | |
Series C Note | | 5.56% | | 2026 | | 13.0 | | | 22.0 | |
Series F Note | | 4.35% | | 2026 | | 15.2 | | | 19.7 | |
Series H Note | | 4.04% | | 2026 | | 50.0 | | | 50.0 | |
Series K Note | | 4.81% | | 2027 | | 34.5 | | | 34.5 | |
Series G Note | | 3.88% | | 2027 | | 28.1 | | | 29.6 | |
Series L Note | | 4.89% | | 2028 | | 18.0 | | | 18.0 | |
Series I Note | | 4.16% | | 2028 | | 25.0 | | | 25.0 | |
Term Loan 5 | | 4.30% | | 2029 | | 25.0 | | | 25.0 | |
Subtotal | | | | | | $ | 285.1 | | | $ | 358.2 | |
Revolving Credit Facilities: | | | | | | | | |
GLP Asphalt revolving credit facility | | (5) | | 2022 | | — | | | — | |
A&B Revolver | | (6) | | 2025 | | 50.0 | | | 111.0 | |
Subtotal | | | | | | $ | 50.0 | | | $ | 111.0 | |
Total Debt (contractual) | | | | | | $ | 532.9 | | | $ | 687.3 | |
Unamortized debt premium (discount) | | | | | | — | | | — | |
Unamortized debt issuance costs | | | | | | (0.2) | | | (0.2) | |
Total debt (carrying value) | | | | | | $ | 532.7 | | | $ | 687.1 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
(1) Loan had a stated interest rate of LIBOR plus 1.50% but was swapped through maturity to a 5.95% fixed rate. Loan was repaid in full in September 2021. |
(2) Loans have a weighted average stated interest rate of approximately 2.80% and stated maturity dates ranging from 2021 to 2024. |
(3) Loan has a stated interest rate of LIBOR plus 1.35% but is swapped through maturity to a 3.14% fixed rate. |
(4) Loan had a stated interest rate of LIBOR plus 1.80% based on a pricing grid, and its LIBOR component was swapped through maturity. Loan was repaid in full in August 2021. |
(5) Loan has a stated interest rate of LIBOR plus 1.75%. |
(6) Loan has a stated interest rate of LIBOR plus 1.05% based on pricing grid. $50.0 million is swapped through February 2023 to a 2.40% fixed rate. |
The Company's notes payable and other debt is categorized between debt instruments secured by real estate improved properties or other assets ("Secured Debt"), unsecured notes payable and other term loans ("Unsecured Debt") and lines of credit and borrowings under revolving credit facilities ("Revolving Credit Facilities") which includes the existing revolving
credit facility used for general Company purposes ("A&B Revolver"), as well as a revolving credit facility related to one of the consolidated subsidiaries in the M&C segment (the "GLP Asphalt Revolving Credit Facility").
Secured Debt
Kailua Town Center: On December 20, 2013, the Company consummated the acquisition of the Kailua Portfolio, a collection of retail assets on Oahu. In connection with the acquisition of the Kailua Portfolio, the Company assumed a $12.0 million mortgage note, with a maturity date in September 2021, and an interest rate swap that effectively converted the floating rate debt to a fixed rate of 5.95% (refer to Note 11). This note was repaid in full in September 2021.
The Company also secured a $5.0 million second mortgage on the Kailua Portfolio during the first quarter of 2017 that bore interest at 3.15% and matured in 2021. This note was also repaid in full in September 2021.
Heavy Equipment Financing: In connection with the M&C segment, the Company enters into leases for machinery and equipment related to its businesses that are classified as finance leases. Finance leases are further discussed in Note 15.
Laulani Village: In connection with asset acquisitions of commercial real estate improved properties made in the year ended December 31, 2018, the Company assumed a $62.0 million mortgage secured by Laulani Village that matures on May 1, 2024. The note bears interest at 3.93% and required monthly interest payments of approximately $0.2 million until May 2020 and principal and interest payments of approximately $0.3 million thereafter.
Pearl Highlands: On September 17, 2013, the Company consummated the acquisition of Pearl Highlands Center in Pearl City, Oahu. In connection with the acquisition, the Company assumed a $59.3 million mortgage loan secured by Pearl Highlands Center. On December 1, 2014, the loan was refinanced to increase the amount of the loan to $92.0 million (bearing interest at 4.15%). The refinanced loan requires monthly principal and interest payments of approximately $0.4 million and requires a final principal payment of approximately $73.0 million due on December 8, 2024.
Manoa Marketplace: In 2016, the Company, through wholly-owned subsidiaries, entered into a $60.0 million mortgage loan agreement secured by Manoa Marketplace with First Hawaiian Bank ("FHB"). Such loan bears interest at LIBOR plus 1.35% and requires principal and interest payments over the term with a final principal payment of $41.7 million due on August 1, 2029. The Company had previously entered into an interest rate swap with a notional amount equal to the principal amount on the debt to fix the variable interest rate on the related periodic interest payments at an effective rate of 3.14% (refer to Note 11).
Assets Pledged as Collateral: The gross book value of the commercial real estate assets pledged as collateral described above at December 31, 2021 was $345.9 million.
Unsecured Debt
Prudential Series Notes: In December 2015, the Company entered into an agreement (the "Prudential Agreement") with Prudential Investment Management, Inc. and its affiliates (collectively, "Prudential") for an unsecured note purchase and private shelf facility that enabled the Company to issue notes in an aggregate amount up to $450.0 million, less the sum of all principal amounts then outstanding on any notes issued by the Company or any of its subsidiaries to Prudential and the amounts of any notes that are committed under the Prudential Agreement. The Prudential Agreement (which amended and renewed a then-existing agreement) had an issuance period that ended in December 2018 and contained certain restrictive covenants for the notes issued under the Prudential Agreement that were substantially the same as the covenants contained in the Historical Revolving Credit Facility (defined below). Borrowings under the uncommitted shelf facility bear interest at rates that were determined at the time of borrowing.
Bank Syndicated Loan: In February 2018, the Company entered into an agreement with Wells Fargo Bank, National Association ("Wells Fargo") and a syndicate of other financial institutions that provides for a $50.0 million term loan facility ("Wells Fargo Term Facility" or "Bank Syndicated Loan"). The Company also drew $50.0 million under the Wells Fargo Term Facility in February 2018 and used such term loan proceeds to repay amounts that were borrowed under revolving credit facilities described below. Borrowings under the Wells Fargo Term Facility bore interest at a variable base rate (LIBOR), as defined, plus a margin that is determined using a leverage based pricing grid. In February 2020 the Company entered into an interest rate swap agreement with a notional amount equal to the principal amount of the debt to fix the variable interest rate (LIBOR) on the related periodic interest payments resulting in an effective rate (subject to changes in the margin based on a pricing grid) of 3.15% as of December 31, 2021 (refer to Note 11). On August 31, 2021, concurrent with the closing of the A&B Revolver (discussed in Revolving credit facilities section below), the Company drew $50.0 million on the A&B Revolver and repaid the Bank Syndicated Loan in full, plus accrued interest, and satisfied all obligations thereto. The Company has committed to maintaining a $50.0 million draw on the A&B Revolver until February 27, 2023, the maturity date of the interest
rate swap, in order to maintain an effective hedging relationship.
Term Loan 5: In November 2017, the Company entered into a rate lock commitment to draw $25.0 million under its Note Purchase and Private Shelf Agreement with AIG Asset Management (U.S.), LLC. Under the commitment, the Company drew $25.0 million in December 2017. The note bears interest at 4.30% and matures on December 20, 2029. Interest only is paid semi-annually and the principal balance is due at maturity. On August 31, 2021, the Company entered into an agreement with AIG Asset Management to amend certain covenants related to the AIG Private Shelf Facility. All other terms of this agreement remain substantially unchanged.
Revolving credit facilities
GLP Asphalt Revolving Credit Facility: GLP Asphalt, a consolidated joint venture in the M&C segment, has a $30.0 million line of credit (the "GLP Asphalt Revolving Credit Facility") with Wells Fargo. The GLP Asphalt Revolving Credit Facility is collateralized by the subsidiary's accounts receivable, inventory and equipment and may only be used for asphalt purchase. The Company and the noncontrolling interest holder are guarantors, on a several basis, for their pro rata shares (based on membership interests) of borrowings under the line of credit. In September 2018, GLP Asphalt entered into a Third Amended Credit Agreement with Wells Fargo, which amended and extended its existing $30.0 million committed revolving credit facility, reduced the interest rate by 25 basis points and added a fee of 20 basis points on the unused amount of the GLP Asphalt Revolving Credit Facility. In April 2021, the Company entered into a Fourth Amendment to Credit Agreement with Wells Fargo, which extended the maturity date to February 01, 2022, reduced the maximum advance to $12.5 million, increased the interest rate by 50 basis points, and increased the unused commitment fee by 25 basis points. In January 2022, the Company entered into a Fifth Amendment to Credit Agreement, which extended the maturity date to May 01, 2022.
A&B Revolver: The Company had a revolving senior credit facility that provided for an aggregate $350.0 million, five-year unsecured commitment (the "Historical Revolving Credit Facility"), with an uncommitted $100.0 million increase option. The Historical Revolving Credit Facility also provided for a $100.0 million sub-limit for the issuance of standby and commercial letters of credit and an $80.0 million sub-limit for swing line loans. Amounts drawn under the facilities would bear interest at a stated rate, as defined, plus a margin determined based on a pricing grid using the ratio of debt to total adjusted asset value, as defined. The agreement contained certain restrictive covenants, the most significant of which requires the maintenance of minimum shareholders’ equity levels, minimum EBITDA to fixed charges ratio, maximum debt to total assets ratio, minimum unencumbered income-producing asset value to unencumbered debt ratio, and limitations on priority debt, as defined in the agreement. In December 2015, the Historical Revolving Credit Facility was amended to extend the maturity date to December 2020.
In September 2017, the Company entered into a Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement ("2017 A&B Revolver") with Bank of America N.A., as administrative agent, First Hawaiian Bank, and other lenders party thereto, which amended and restated the existing $350.0 million commitment under the Historical Revolving Credit Facility. The 2017 A&B Revolver increased the total revolving commitments to $450.0 million, extended the term of the facilities to September 15, 2022, amended certain covenants, and reduced the interest rates and fees charged under the Historical Revolving Credit Facility. All other terms under the Historical Revolving Credit Facility remained substantially unchanged.
In August 2021, the Company entered into a Third Amended and Restated Credit Agreement ("2021 A&B Revolver") with Bank of America N.A., as administrative agent, First Hawaiian Bank, KeyBank National Association, Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, and other lenders party thereto, which amended and restated the existing $450.0 million committed under the 2017 A&B Revolver. The 2021 A&B Revolver increased the total revolving commitments to $500.0 million, extended the term of the facilities to August 29, 2025, and includes two six-month extension options. In addition, the 2021 A&B Revolver amended certain covenants (see below) and reduced the interest rates and fees charged under the financials-based pricing grid of the 2017 A&B Revolver.
At December 31, 2021, the Company had $50.0 million of revolving credit borrowings outstanding, $1.1 million in letters of credit had been issued against the facility, and $448.9 million remained available.
Covenants under 2021 A&B Revolver, Prudential Series Notes, and Term Loan 5 (subsequent to amendments)
The principal amendments under the 2021 A&B Revolver, the Prudential Amendment, and the AIG Amendment are as follows:
•An increase in the maximum ratio of secured debt to total adjusted asset value from 0.25:1.0 to 0.40:1.0.
•Establishes the minimum shareholders' equity amount to be $865.6 million plus 75% percent of the net proceeds received from equity issuances after June 30, 2021.
•Modification of the minimum unencumbered fixed charge coverage ratio to an unencumbered interest coverage ratio and increases the ratio from 1.50:1.0 to 1.75:1.0.
Debt principal payments
At December 31, 2021, debt principal payments and maturities during the next five years and thereafter and the corresponding amount of unamortized deferred financing costs or debt discounts or premiums were as follows (in millions):
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Scheduled principal payments | | | | |
| | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2026 | There- after | Total Principal | | (Unamort Debt Issue Cost)/ (Discount) Premium | | Total |
Secured debt | | $ | 6.0 | | $ | 6.0 | | $ | 135.0 | | $ | 1.9 | | $ | 1.9 | | $ | 47.0 | | $ | 197.8 | | | $ | (0.1) | | | $ | 197.7 | |
Unsecured debt | | 24.1 | | 28.6 | | 22.0 | | 38.3 | | 67.0 | | 105.1 | | 285.1 | | | (0.1) | | | 285.0 | |
Revolving credit facilities | | — | | — | | — | | 50.0 | | — | | — | | 50.0 | | | — | | | 50.0 | |
Total Notes payable and other debt | | $ | 30.1 | | $ | 34.6 | | $ | 157.0 | | $ | 90.2 | | $ | 68.9 | | $ | 152.1 | | $ | 532.9 | | | $ | (0.2) | | | $ | 532.7 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
11. Derivative Instruments
The Company is exposed to interest rate risk related to its variable-rate debt. The Company balances its cost of debt and exposure to interest rates primarily through its mix of fixed-rate and variable-rate debt. From time to time, the Company may use interest rate swaps to manage its exposure to interest rate risk.
Cash flow hedges of interest rate risk
The Company has two interest rate swap agreements designated as cash flow hedges whose key terms are as follows (dollars in millions):
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Effective | Maturity | Fixed | | Notional Amount at | | Asset (Liability) Fair Value at | Classification on |
Date | Date | Interest Rate | | December 31, 2021 | | December 31, 2021 | | December 31, 2020 | Balance Sheet |
4/7/2016 | 8/1/2029 | 3.14% | | $ | 56.3 | | | $ | (1.7) | | | $ | (4.8) | | Accrued and other liabilities |
2/13/2020 | 2/27/2023 | 3.15% | | $ | 50.0 | | | $ | (0.5) | | | $ | (1.3) | | Accrued and other liabilities |
Liabilities related to the interest rate swap are presented within Accrued and other liabilities and assets are presented within Prepaid expenses and other assets in the consolidated balance sheets. The changes in fair value of the cash flow hedge are recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) and subsequently reclassified into interest expense as interest is incurred on the related variable-rate debt.
The following table represents the pre-tax effect of the derivative instruments in the Company's consolidated statement of comprehensive income (loss) during the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020 (in millions):
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2021 | | 2020 |
Derivatives in Designated Cash Flow Hedging Relationships: | | | | |
Amount of gain (loss) recognized in OCI on derivatives | | $ | 2.3 | | | $ | (6.9) | |
Impact of reclassification adjustment to interest expense included in Net Income (Loss) | | $ | 1.6 | | | $ | 1.0 | |
As of December 31, 2021, the Company expects to reclassify $1.6 million of net gains (losses) on derivative instruments from accumulated other comprehensive income to earnings during the next 12 months.
Non-designated hedges
The Company's single interest rate swap that was not designated as a cash flow hedge matured on September 1, 2021. Key terms were as follows (dollars in millions):
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Effective | Maturity | Fixed | | Notional Amount at | | Asset (Liability) Fair Value at | Classification on |
Date | Date | Interest Rate | | December 31, 2021 | | December 31, 2021 | | December 31, 2020 | Balance Sheet |
1/1/2014 | 9/1/2021 | 5.95% | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | (0.3) | | Accrued and other liabilities |
The Company records gains or losses related to interest rate swaps that have not been designated as cash flow hedges in Interest and other income (expense), net in its consolidated statements of operations. For the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, the Company recognized gains related to changes in fair value of $0.3 million and $0.2 million, respectively.
The Company measures all of its interest rate swaps at fair value. The fair values of the Company's interest rate swaps are based on the estimated amounts that the Company would receive or pay to terminate the contracts at the reporting date and are determined using interest rate pricing models and interest rate related observable inputs. The fair values of the Company's interest rate swaps are classified as a Level 2 measurement in the fair value hierarchy.
12. Commitments and Contingencies
Commitments and other financial arrangements
The Company has various financial commitments and other arrangements including standby letters of credit and bonds that are not recorded as liabilities on the Company's consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2021:
•Standby letters of credit issued by the Company's lenders under the Company's revolving credit facilities totaled $1.1 million as of December 31, 2021. These letters of credit primarily relate to the Company's workers' compensation plans and construction activities; if drawn upon the Company would be obligated to reimburse the issuer.
•Bonds related to the Company's construction and real estate activities totaled $250.4 million as of December 31, 2021. Approximately $231.8 million represents the face value of construction bonds issued by third party sureties (bid, performance and payment bonds), and the remainder is related to commercial bonds issued by third party sureties (permit, subdivision, license and notary bonds); if drawn upon, the Company would be obligated to reimburse the surety that issued the bond for the amount of the bond, reduced for the work completed to date. As of December 31, 2021, the Company's maximum remaining exposure, in the event of defaults on all existing contractual construction obligations, was approximately $61.2 million.
The Company also provides certain bond indemnities and guarantees of indebtedness for certain of its unconsolidated affiliates that it accounts for as equity method investments (e.g., real estate joint ventures).
•Bond indemnities are provided for the benefit of the surety in exchange for the issuance of surety bonds and cover joint venture construction activities (such as project amenities, roads, utilities, and other infrastructure). Under such bond indemnities, the Company and the joint venture partners agree to indemnify the surety bond issuer from all losses and expenses arising from the failure of the joint venture to complete the specified bonded construction; the Company may be obligated to complete construction of the joint ventures' construction projects if the joint venture does not perform. The maximum potential amount of aggregate future payments is a function of the amount covered by outstanding bonds at the time of default by the joint venture, reduced by the amount of work completed to date.
•Guarantees of indebtedness may be provided by the Company for the benefit of financial institutions providing credit to unconsolidated equity method investees. As of December 31, 2021, the Company had one arrangement with third party lenders that provided for a limited guarantee on any outstanding amounts related to an unconsolidated equity method investee's line of credit; related to borrowings on such line of credit by the equity method investee, there were none outstanding as of December 31, 2021.
The recorded amounts of the bond indemnities and guarantee of indebtedness were not material individually or in the aggregate. Other than those described above, obligations of the Company's joint ventures do not have recourse to the Company, and the Company's "at-risk" amounts are limited to its investment.
Legal proceedings and other contingencies
Prior to the sale of approximately 41,000 acres of agricultural land on Maui to Mahi Pono Holdings, LLC ("Mahi Pono") in December 2018, the Company, through East Maui Irrigation Company, LLC ("EMI"), also owned approximately 16,000 acres of watershed lands in East Maui and also held four water licenses to approximately 30,000 acres owned by the State of Hawai‘i in East Maui. The sale to Mahi Pono included the sale of a 50% interest in EMI (which closed February 1, 2019), and provided for the Company and Mahi Pono, through EMI, to jointly continue the existing process to secure a long-term lease from the State for delivery of irrigation water to Mahi Pono for use in Central Maui.
The last of these water license agreements expired in 1986, and all four agreements were then extended as revocable permits that were renewed annually. In 2001, a request was made to the State Board of Land and Natural Resources (the "BLNR") to replace these revocable permits with a long-term water lease. Pending the completion by the BLNR of a contested case hearing it ordered to be held on the request for the long-term lease, the BLNR has kept the existing permits on a holdover basis. Three parties (Healoha Carmichael; Lezley Jacintho; and Na Moku Aupuni O Ko‘olau Hui) filed a lawsuit on April 10, 2015 (the "Initial Lawsuit") alleging that the BLNR has been renewing the revocable permits annually rather than keeping them in holdover status. The lawsuit asked the court to void the revocable permits and to declare that the renewals were illegally issued without preparation of an environmental assessment ("EA"). In December 2015, the BLNR decided to reaffirm its prior decisions to keep the permits in holdover status. This decision by the BLNR was challenged by the three parties. In January 2016, the court ruled in the Initial Lawsuit that the renewals were not subject to the EA requirement, but that the BLNR lacked legal authority to keep the revocable permits in holdover status beyond one year (the "Initial Ruling"). The Initial Ruling was appealed to the Intermediate Court of Appeals ("ICA") of the State of Hawai‘i.
In May 2016, while the appeal of the Initial Ruling was pending, the Hawai‘i State Legislature passed House Bill 2501, which specified that the BLNR has the legal authority to issue holdover revocable permits for the disposition of water rights for a period not to exceed three years. The governor signed this bill into law as Act 126 in June 2016. Pursuant to Act 126, the annual authorization of the existing holdover permits was sought and granted by the BLNR in December 2016, November 2017 and November 2018 for calendar years 2017, 2018 and 2019. No extension of Act 126 was approved by the Hawai‘i State Legislature in 2019.
In June 2019, the ICA vacated the Initial Ruling, effectively reversing the determination that the BLNR lacked authority to keep the revocable permits in holdover status beyond one year (the "ICA Ruling"). The ICA remanded the case back to the trial court to determine whether the holdover status of the permits was both (a) "temporary" and (b) in the best interest of the State, as required by statute. The plaintiffs filed a motion with the ICA for reconsideration of its decision, which was denied on July 5, 2019. On September 30, 2019, the plaintiffs filed a request with the Supreme Court of Hawai‘i to review and reverse the ICA Ruling. On November 25, 2019, the Supreme Court of Hawai‘i granted the plaintiffs' request to review the ICA Ruling and, on May 5, 2020, oral argument was held. No decision has yet been rendered by the Supreme Court of Hawai‘i.
On October 11, 2019, the BLNR took up the renewal of all the existing water revocable permits in the state, acting under the ICA Ruling, and approved the continuation of the four East Maui water revocable permits for another one-year period through December 31, 2020. On November 13, 2020, the BLNR approved another renewal of such permits through December 31, 2021.
In a separate matter, on December 7, 2018, a contested case request filed by the Sierra Club (contesting the BLNR's November 2018 approval of the 2019 revocable permits) was denied by the BLNR. On January 7, 2019, Sierra Club filed a lawsuit in the circuit court of the first circuit in Hawai‘i against BLNR, A&B and EMI, seeking to invalidate the 2019 and 2020 holdovers of the revocable permits for, among other things, failure to perform an EA. The lawsuit also sought to have the BLNR enjoin A&B/EMI from diverting more than 25 million gallons a day until a permit or lease is properly issued by the BLNR, and for the imposition of certain conditions on the revocable permits by the BLNR. The count seeking to invalidate the revocable permits based on the failure to perform an EA was dismissed by the court, based on the ICA Ruling in the Initial Lawsuit. The Sierra Club’s lawsuit was amended to include a challenge to the BLNR’s renewal of the revocable permits for calendar year 2020. After a full trial on the merits held beginning in August of 2020, the court ruled, on April 6, 2021, against the Sierra Club on its lawsuit challenging the 2019 and 2020 revocable permits. As a final judgement has not yet been entered, the time to appeal has not yet run. The court is separately considering a lawsuit filed by the Sierra Club appealing the BLNR’s decision to deny them a contested case hearing on the 2021 revocable permits, which were granted by the BLNR on or about November 13, 2020. On May 28, 2021, the court issued an interim decision that the Sierra Club’s due process rights were violated and ordered the BLNR to hold a contested case hearing on the 2021 permits, and that the permits should be vacated. On July 30, 2021, the court modified its ruling to say that the permits would not be invalidated, but left in place pending the outcome of the contested case hearing. The contested case hearing was held by the BLNR in December 2021 and a decision is pending. On December 27, 2021, the court further modified its ruling to say that the permits will remain in place until the
earlier of May 1, 2022, the date on which the BLNR renders a substantive decision on the continuation of the permits for calendar year 2022, or further order of the court.
In connection with A&B’s obligation to continue the existing process to secure a long-term water lease from the State, A&B and EMI will defend against the remaining claims made by the Sierra Club.
The Company is a party to, or may be contingently liable in connection with, other legal actions arising in the normal conduct of its businesses, the outcomes of which, in the opinion of management after consultation with counsel, would not have a material effect on the Company's consolidated financial statements as a whole.
Further note that certain of the Company's properties and assets may become the subject of other types of claims and assessments at various times (e.g., environmental matters based on normal operations of such assets). Depending on the facts and circumstances surrounding such potential claims and assessments, the Company records an accrual if it is deemed probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of loss can be reasonably estimated/valued as of the date of the financial statements.
13. Revenue and Contract Balances
The Company generates revenue through its Commercial Real Estate, Land Operations and Materials & Construction segments. Through its Commercial Real Estate segment, the Company owns and operates a portfolio of commercial real estate properties and generates income (i.e., revenue) as a lessor through leases of such assets. Refer to Note 14 for further discussion of lessor income recognition. The Land Operations and Materials & Construction segments generate revenue from contracts with customers. The Company further disaggregates revenue from contracts with customers by revenue type when appropriate if the Company believes disaggregation best depicts how the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of the Company's revenue and cash flows are affected by economic factors. Revenue by type for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019 was as follows (in millions):
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2021 | | 2020 | | 2019 |
Revenues: | | | | | | |
Commercial Real Estate | | $ | 173.2 | | | $ | 150.0 | | | $ | 160.6 | |
Land Operations: | | | | | | |
Development sales revenue | | 16.0 | | | 7.9 | | | 57.2 | |
Unimproved/other property sales revenue | | 41.3 | | | 9.7 | | | 32.4 | |
Other operating revenue | | 22.6 | | | 21.1 | | | 22.6 | |
Land Operations | | 79.9 | | | 38.7 | | | 112.2 | |
Materials & Construction | | 126.2 | | | 116.6 | | | 162.4 | |
Total revenues | | $ | 379.3 | | | $ | 305.3 | | | $ | 435.2 | |
Timing of revenue recognition may differ from the timing of invoicing to customers. Certain construction contracts include retainage provisions that are customary in the industry (i.e., are not for financing purposes) and are included in Accounts receivable and contracts retention, net. The balances billed but not paid by customers pursuant to these provisions generally become due upon completion and acceptance of the project work or products by the customers. Within Prepaid and other assets, the Company records assets for "costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings on uncompleted contracts" which represent amounts earned and reimbursable under contracts, but have a conditional right for billing and payment, such as achievement of milestones or completion of the project. When events or conditions indicate that it is probable that the amounts outstanding become unbillable, the transaction price and associated contract asset is reduced. Within Accrued and other liabilities, the Company records liabilities for "billings in excess of costs and estimated earnings on uncompleted contracts" which represent billings to customers on contracts in advance of work performed, including advance payments negotiated as a contract condition. Generally, unearned project-related costs will be earned over the next twelve months.
The following table provides information about receivables, contract assets and contract liabilities from contracts with customers as of December 31, 2021 and 2020 (in millions):
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2021 | | 2020 |
Accounts receivable | | $ | 25.1 | | | $ | 39.5 | |
Contracts retention | | 5.1 | | | 7.3 | |
Allowances (credit losses and doubtful accounts) | | (1.3) | | | (3.3) | |
Accounts receivable and retention, net | | $ | 28.9 | | | $ | 43.5 | |
Costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings on uncompleted contracts | | $ | 10.4 | | | $ | 2.3 | |
Billings in excess of costs and estimated earnings on uncompleted contracts | | $ | 6.8 | | | $ | 8.5 | |
Variable consideration | | $ | 62.0 | | | $ | 62.0 | |
Other deferred revenue | | $ | 6.5 | | | $ | 4.9 | |
For the year ended December 31, 2021, the Company recognized revenue of approximately $8.1 million related to the Company's contract liabilities reported as of December 31, 2020. For the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company recognized revenue of approximately $7.4 million related to the Company's contract liabilities reported as of December 31, 2019.
On December 17, 2018, A&B entered into a Purchase and Sale Agreement and Escrow Instructions (the "PSA") with Mahi Pono (the "Buyer") related to the sale of agricultural land on Maui. In connection with the sale, the Company deferred approximately $62.0 million of revenue related to certain performance obligations involving securing adequate water to support the Buyer's agricultural plans for the land, through an agreement with the State of Hawai‘i to provide rights to access state water for agricultural irrigation (“State Water Lease”), as well as ensuring that the Buyer has continued access to water prior to the issuance of the State Water Lease. Under the terms of the PSA, the Company may be required to remit amounts up to $62.0 million to the Buyer to the extent performance obligations are not met (recorded as deferred revenue of $62.0 million as of December 31, 2021 and 2020).
Regarding other information related to the Company's contracts with customers, the amount of revenue recognized from performance obligations satisfied in prior periods (e.g., due to changes in transaction price) was not material in any of the periods presented. Further, the total amount of the transaction price allocated to either wholly unsatisfied or partially satisfied performance obligations was $140.5 million and $120.8 million as of December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. The Company expects to recognize approximately 65% to 75% of this contract consideration as revenue in 2022, with the remaining recognized thereafter.
Finally, additional information related to uncompleted contracts (presented in the contract assets and contract liabilities table above) as of December 31, 2021 and 2020, is as follows (in millions):
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2021 | | 2020 |
Costs incurred on uncompleted contracts | | $ | 346.2 | | | $ | 389.8 | |
Estimated earnings | | 35.0 | | | 41.1 | |
Subtotal | | 381.2 | | | 430.9 | |
Billings to date | | (377.6) | | | (437.1) | |
Total | | $ | 3.6 | | | $ | (6.2) | |
14. Leases - The Company As Lessor
The Company leases real estate property to tenants under operating leases. Such activity is primarily composed of operating leases within its CRE segment.
As a result of the coronavirus pandemic ("COVID-19"), the Company provided certain of its tenants rent relief arrangements during each of the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2021, which typically consisted of rent deferrals or other relief modifications that resulted in changes to fixed contractual lease payments for specified months. Consistent with lease accounting guidance and interpretations provided by the FASB for rent relief arrangements specifically related to COVID-19, the Company elected to treat such eligible lease concessions (i.e., such rent deferrals, fixed-to-variable modifications or payment forgiveness arrangements that do not result in a substantial increase in the rights of the lessor or obligations of the lessee) outside of the lease accounting modification framework.
For such eligible rent deferrals, the Company accounts for the event as if no changes to the lease contract were made and continues to record lease receivables and recognize income during the deferral period. For the eligible other relief modifications mentioned above that resulted in reductions to fixed contractual lease payments the Company reports, for periods covered by the modification, reduced rental income (i.e., revenue) equal to the agreed-upon amounts (offset by any variable lease payments).
The Company assesses collectability on all such amounts due under leases and only recognizes revenue to the extent such amounts are probable of collection (or payment is received). During the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company projected a higher amount of uncollectable tenant billings due to COVID-19 and consequently recorded reductions in revenue of $15.4 million related to aggregate charges for CRE accounts receivable and unbilled straight-line lease receivables for which the Company assessed that the tenant's future payment of amounts due under leases was not probable. Further, during the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company recorded reductions of revenue of $3.6 million related to the allowance for doubtful accounts for other impacted operating lease receivables.
During the year ended December 31, 2021, the Company collected cash receipts of $4.3 million related to CRE accounts receivables that were previously assessed as uncollectible, which resulted in a net addition to revenue of $1.2 million. Further, during the year ended December 31, 2021, the Company recorded additions to revenue of $1.7 million related to the allowance for doubtful accounts for other impacted operating lease receivables.
A summary of the impact of revenue reductions (increases) related to CRE tenant collectability assessments, provisions, and other relief modifications and adjustments is as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2021 | | 2020 |
Tenant collectability assessments and allowances for doubtful accounts | | | | |
Impact to billed accounts receivable | | $ | (1.3) | | | $ | 10.6 | |
Impact to straight-line lease receivables | | 0.1 | | | 4.8 | |
Total revenue reductions (increases) - tenant collectability assessments | | $ | (1.2) | | | $ | 15.4 | |
Provision for allowance for doubtful accounts | | (1.7) | | | 3.6 | |
Total revenue reductions (increases) - tenant collectability assessments and allowance for doubtful accounts | | $ | (2.9) | | | $ | 19.0 | |
| | | | |
Other relief modifications and other adjustments1 | | $ | 7.5 | | | $ | 6.4 | |
Total revenue reductions (increases) related to adjustments, assessments and provisions | | $ | 4.6 | | | $ | 25.4 | |
| | | | |
Total revenue reductions (increases) impacting billed accounts receivable only2 | | $ | 4.5 | | | $ | 20.6 | |
1 Primarily related to COVID-19, but may include other adjustments (e.g., adjustments due to tenant bankruptcies). |
2 Excludes the impact to unbilled straight-line lease receivables. |
| | | | |
As a result of COVID-19, certain tenants experiencing economic difficulties have sought and may continue to seek current and future rent relief, which may be provided in the form of additional rent deferrals or other relief modifications, among other possible agreements. The future impact of any potential rent concessions in the context of lease accounting
guidance and related interpretations is dependent upon the extent of relief granted to tenants as a result of COVID-19 in future periods and the elections made by the Company at the time of entering into such agreements.
The historical cost of, and accumulated depreciation on, leased property as of December 31, 2021 and 2020 was as follows (in millions):
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| 2021 | | 2020 |
Leased property - real estate | $ | 1,563.2 | | | $ | 1,525.3 | |
Less: Accumulated depreciation | (182.2) | | | (152.2) | |
Property under operating leases, net | $ | 1,381.0 | | | $ | 1,373.1 | |
Total rental income (i.e., revenue) under these operating leases relating to lease payments and variable lease payments were as follows (in millions):
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| 2021 | | 2020 |
Lease payments | $ | 123.6 | | | $ | 113.7 | |
Variable lease payments | 56.0 | | | 39.3 | |
Total rental income | $ | 179.6 | | | $ | 153.0 | |
Contractual future lease payments to be received on non-cancelable operating leases as of December 31, 2021 were as follows (in millions):
| | | | | |
2022 | $ | 117.5 | |
2023 | 107.9 | |
2024 | 96.0 | |
2025 | 81.5 | |
2026 | 67.1 | |
Thereafter | 477.5 | |
Total future lease payments to be received | $ | 947.5 | |
15. Leases - The Company As Lessee
Principal non-cancelable operating leases include land, office space, harbors and equipment that have lease terms that expire through 2043. Management expects that in the normal course of business, most operating leases will be renewed or replaced by other similar leases. The Company has equipment under finance leases with lease terms that expire through 2026.
Lease expense for operating leases that provide for future escalations are accounted for on a straight-line basis. For the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, lease expense under operating and finance leases was as follows (in millions):
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2021 | | 2020 |
Lease cost - operating and finance leases: | | | | |
Operating lease cost | | $ | 4.8 | | | $ | 4.6 | |
Finance lease cost: | | | | |
Amortization of right-of-use assets | | 1.3 | | | 1.2 | |
Interest on lease liabilities | | 0.1 | | | 0.1 | |
Total lease cost - operating and finance leases | | $ | 6.2 | | | $ | 5.9 | |
| | | | |
Amounts related to other lease transactions: | | | | |
Short-term lease cost | | $ | 0.9 | | | $ | 0.6 | |
Variable lease cost | | $ | 0.8 | | | $ | 0.6 | |
Sublease income | | $ | 0.3 | | | $ | 0.3 | |
Other amounts relating to leases segregated between those for finance and operating leases include the following for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020 (dollars in millions):
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2021 | | 2020 |
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities: | | | | |
Operating cash outflows from operating leases | | $ | 4.8 | | | $ | 4.6 | |
Operating cash outflows from financing leases | | $ | 0.1 | | | $ | 0.1 | |
Financing cash flows from finance leases | | $ | 1.3 | | | $ | 1.2 | |
Other details: | | | | |
Weighted-average remaining lease term (years) - operating leases | | 12.1 | | 9.1 |
Weighted-average remaining lease term (years) - finance leases | | 2.1 | | 2.9 |
Weighted-average discount rate - operating leases | | 4.4 | % | | 4.4 | % |
Weighted-average discount rate - finance leases | | 3.0 | % | | 3.2 | % |
Future lease payments under non-cancelable operating and finance leases as of December 31, 2021 were as follows (in millions):
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Operating Leases | | Finance Leases |
2022 | | $ | 4.8 | | | $ | 1.0 | |
2023 | | 3.7 | | | 0.8 | |
2024 | | 3.0 | | | 0.2 | |
2025 | | 1.5 | | | — | |
2026 | | 1.4 | | | — | |
Thereafter | | 12.0 | | | — | |
Total lease payments | | $ | 26.4 | | | $ | 2.0 | |
Less: Interest | | (7.0) | | | (0.1) | |
Total lease liabilities | | $ | 19.4 | | | $ | 1.9 | |
ROU assets and lease liabilities related to operating leases are presented separately on the consolidated balance sheets. Information for finance leases as of the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020 were as follows (in millions):
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2021 | | 2020 |
ROU assets | | $ | 3.5 | | | $ | 4.2 | |
Lease liabilities | | $ | 1.9 | | | $ | 3.2 | |
16. Share-Based Payment Awards
The 2012 Incentive Compensation Plan ("2012 Plan") allows for the granting of stock options, restricted stock units and common stock. During 2018, the Company retroactively approved an increase to the shares of common stock reserved for issuance at January 1, 2018 from 4.3 million shares to 5.3 million shares. As of December 31, 2021 there were 1.0 million remaining shares available for grants. The shares of common stock authorized to be issued under the 2012 Plan may be drawn from the shares of the Company's authorized but unissued common stock or from shares of its common stock that the Company acquires, including shares purchased on the open market or private transactions.
The 2012 Plan consists of four separate incentive compensation programs: (i) the discretionary grant program, (ii) the stock issuance program, (iii) the incentive bonus program and (iv) the automatic grant program for the non-employee members of the Company’s Board of Directors. Share-based compensation is generally awarded under three of the four programs, as more fully described below.
Discretionary Grant Program: Under the Discretionary Grant Program, stock options may be granted with an exercise price no less than 100% of the fair market value (defined as the closing market price) of the Company’s common stock on the date of the grant. Options generally become exercisable ratably over three years and have a maximum contractual term of ten years. There were no option grants in 2021, 2020 or 2019, and the Company currently has no plans to issue options in the future.
Stock Issuance Program: Under the Stock Issuance Program, shares of common stock or restricted stock units may be granted. Equity awards granted may be designated as time-based awards or market-based performance awards.
Automatic Grant Program: At each annual shareholder meeting, non-employee directors will receive an award of restricted stock units that entitle the holder to an equivalent number of shares of common stock upon vesting.
The following table summarizes the Company's stock option activity for the year ended December 31, 2021 (in thousands, except weighted-average exercise price and weighted-average contractual life):
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2012 Plan Stock Options | | Weighted- Average Exercise Price | | Weighted- Average Contractual Life | | Aggregate Intrinsic Value |
Outstanding, January 1, 2021 | | 97.9 | | $ | 14.80 | | | | |
Exercised | | (97.9) | | $ | 14.80 | | | | |
Canceled | | — | | $ | — | | | | |
Outstanding, December 31, 2021 | | — | | $ | — | | 0 years | | $ | — |
Vested or expected to vest | | — | | $ | — | | 0 years | | $ | — |
Exercisable, December 31, 2021 | | — | | $ | — | | 0 years | | $ | — |
The following table summarizes non-vested restricted stock unit activity for the year ended December 31, 2021 (in thousands, except weighted-average grant-date fair value amounts):
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2012 Plan Restricted Stock Units | | Weighted- Average Grant-date Fair Value |
Outstanding, January 1, 2021 | | 550.5 | | $ | 25.44 |
Granted | | 376.6 | | $ | 16.63 |
Vested | | (167.4) | | $ | 20.48 |
Canceled | | (82.0) | | $ | 29.62 |
Outstanding, December 31, 2021 | | 677.7 | | $ | 21.26 |
The time-based restricted stock units granted to employees vest ratably over a period of three years. The time-based restricted stock units granted to non-employee directors prior to 2018 vest ratably over a period of three years, and commencing in 2018, the time-based restricted stock units granted to non-employee directors vest over a one year period. The market-based performance share units cliff vest over three years, provided that the total shareholder return of the Company's common stock over the relevant period meets or exceeds pre-defined levels of total shareholder returns relative to indices, as defined.
As of December 31, 2021, there was $6.3 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested restricted stock units granted under the 2012 plan; that cost is expected to be recognized over a remaining weighted-average period of 1.7 years.
The fair value of the Company's time-based awards is determined using the Company's stock price on the date of grant. The fair value of the Company's market-based awards is estimated using the Company's stock price on the date of grant and the probability of vesting using a Monte Carlo simulation with the following weighted-average assumptions:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2021 Grants | | 2020 Grants | | 2019 Grants |
Volatility of A&B common stock | | 47.2 | % | | 22.6 | % | | 23.6 | % |
Average volatility of peer companies | | 51.1 | % | | 22.5 | % | | 24.2 | % |
Risk-free interest rate | | 0.2 | % | | 1.3 | % | | 2.5 | % |
The weighted-average grant date fair value of the time-based restricted units and market-based performance share units granted in 2021, 2020 and 2019 was $16.63, $22.01, and $20.05, respectively. No compensation cost is recognized for actual forfeitures of time-based or market-based awards if an employee is terminated prior to rendering the requisite service period. There was no tax benefit realized upon vesting for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019.
The Company recognizes compensation cost net of actual forfeitures of time-based or market-based awards. A summary of compensation cost related to share-based payments is as follows for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019 (in millions):
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2021 | | 2020 | | 2019 |
Share-based expense: | | | | | | |
Time-based and market-based restricted stock units | | $ | 5.9 | | | $ | 5.8 | | | $ | 5.4 | |
Total share-based expense | | 5.9 | | | 5.8 | | | 5.4 | |
Total recognized tax benefit | | — | | | — | | | — | |
Share-based expense (net of tax) | | $ | 5.9 | | | $ | 5.8 | | | $ | 5.4 | |
| | | | | | |
Cash received upon option exercise | | $ | 1.4 | | | $ | 3.5 | | | $ | 2.6 | |
Intrinsic value of options exercised | | $ | 0.6 | | | $ | 0.5 | | | $ | 2.6 | |
Tax benefit realized upon option exercise | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | |
Fair value of stock vested | | $ | 5.4 | | | $ | 3.0 | | | $ | 4.5 | |
17. Employee Benefit Plans
The Company has funded single-employer defined benefit pension plans that cover certain non-bargaining unit employees and bargaining unit employees of the Company, excluding Grace Pacific. In addition, the Company has plans that provide retiree health care and life insurance benefits to certain salaried and hourly employees. Employees are generally eligible for such benefits upon retirement and completion of a specified number of years of service. The Company does not pre-fund these health care and life insurance benefits and has the right to modify or terminate certain of these plans in the future. Certain groups of retirees pay a portion of the benefit costs.
Pension Plan Termination: On February 23, 2021, the Company’s Board of Directors approved a plan to effect the termination of the A&B Retirement Plan for Salaried Employees of Alexander & Baldwin, LLC and the Pension Plan for Employees of A&B Agricultural Companies (collectively, the “Defined Benefit Plans”), which became effective on May 31, 2021. As a result, the Company has proceeded with the following steps in connection with the termination of the tax-qualified Defined Benefit Plans:
•In April 2021, the Company amended the plan agreements of the Defined Benefit Plans in order to provide for a limited lump-sum window for eligible participants;
•The Company filed the Application for Determination Upon Termination with the Internal Revenue Service ("IRS") in April 2021, and the Company received a favorable determination notice for federal tax purposes from the IRS in July 2021; and
•The Company is preparing the appropriate notices and documents to file related to the termination of the Defined Benefit Plans and wind-down with the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation (the “PBGC”), the U.S. Department of Labor, the trustee and any other appropriate parties.
Except for retirees currently receiving payments under the Defined Benefit Plans, participants will have the choice of receiving a single lump sum payment or an annuity from a highly-rated insurance company that will pay and administer future benefit payments. The amount of any lump sum payment will equal the actuarial-equivalent present value of the participant’s accrued benefit under the applicable pension plan as of the distribution date. Annuity payments to current retirees will continue under their current elections, but will be administered by the selected insurance company.
The Company will recognize a gain/loss upon settlement of the Defined Benefit Plans when the following three criteria have been met: (1) an irrevocable action to terminate the Defined Benefit Plans have occurred, (2) the Company is relieved of the primary responsibility of the Defined Benefit Plans, and (3) the significant risks related to the obligations of the Defined Benefit Plans and the assets used to effect the settlement is eliminated for the Company.
Benefit Obligations, Plan Assets and Funded Status of the Plans: The measurement date for the Company’s benefit plan disclosures is December 31 of each year. The status of the funded defined benefit pension plan and the unfunded accumulated post-retirement benefit plans as of December 31, 2021 and 2020, and are shown below (in millions):
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Pension Benefits | | Other Post-retirement Benefits | | Non-qualified Plan Benefits |
| | 2021 | | 2020 | | 2021 | | 2020 | | 2021 | | 2020 |
Change in Benefit Obligation | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Benefit obligation at beginning of year | | $ | 218.7 | | | $ | 204.4 | | | $ | 13.5 | | | $ | 10.1 | | | $ | 3.1 | | | $ | 2.8 | |
Service cost | | 1.2 | | | 0.8 | | | 0.1 | | | 0.1 | | | — | | | — | |
Interest cost | | 5.1 | | | 6.5 | | | 0.3 | | | 0.3 | | | — | | | 0.1 | |
Plan participants’ contributions | | — | | | — | | | 0.7 | | | 0.8 | | | — | | | — | |
Actuarial (gain) loss | | 17.2 | | | 21.1 | | | (0.6) | | | 3.7 | | | — | | | 0.2 | |
Benefits paid | | (15.0) | | | (14.1) | | | (1.4) | | | (1.5) | | | — | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Settlement | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Benefit obligation at end of year | | $ | 227.2 | | | $ | 218.7 | | | $ | 12.6 | | | $ | 13.5 | | | $ | 3.1 | | | $ | 3.1 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Change in Plan Assets | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year | | $ | 200.6 | | | $ | 190.5 | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | |
Actual return on plan assets | | (5.7) | | | 24.2 | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | |
Employer contributions | | 6.7 | | | — | | | 0.7 | | | 0.7 | | | — | | | — | |
Participant contributions | | — | | | — | | | 0.7 | | | 0.8 | | | — | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Benefits paid | | (15.0) | | | (14.1) | | | (1.4) | | | (1.5) | | | — | | | — | |
Settlement | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Fair value of plan assets at end of year | | $ | 186.6 | | | $ | 200.6 | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Funded Status (Recognized Liability1) | | $ | (40.6) | | | $ | (18.1) | | | $ | (12.6) | | | $ | (13.5) | | | $ | (3.1) | | | $ | (3.1) | |
1 Presented as Accrued pension and post-retirement benefits in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2021 and 2020.
Defined benefit pension plan actuarial losses in the changes in benefit obligations for 2021 and 2020 resulted primarily due to the decrease in discount rate (see assumptions used in table below).
Benefit Plan Assets Investment Policies and Target Asset Allocations: As the plan sponsor for its defined benefit pension plan, the Company is responsible for the investment and management of the pension plan assets. The Company manages the pension plan assets based upon a liability-driven investment strategy, which seeks to increase the correlation of the pension plan assets and liabilities to reduce the volatility of the plan's funded status and, over time, improve the funded status of the plan. As a result, the asset allocation of the defined benefit pension plan is weighted toward fixed income investments, which reduces investment volatility, but also reduces investment returns over time. In connection with the liability-driven investment strategy, the Company appointed an investment adviser that directs investments and selects investment options, based on established guidelines.
The Company’s target allocation by asset category as of December 31, 2021, and the weighted-average asset allocations as of December 31, 2021 and 2020 were as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Target | | 2021 | | 2020 |
Fixed income securities1 | | 97 | % | | 98 | % | | 99 | % |
Cash and cash equivalents | | 3 | % | | 2 | % | | 1 | % |
Total | | 100 | % | | 100 | % | | 100 | % |
| | | | | | |
1Fixed income securities include investment-grade corporate bonds from diversified industries and U.S. Treasuries. |
Fair Value of Plan Assets: The fair values of the Company’s defined benefit pension plan assets as of December 31, 2021 and 2020, by asset category, are as follows (in millions):
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Fair Value Measurements at |
| | December 31, 2021 | | December 31, 2020 |
| | Total | | Quoted Prices in Active Markets (Level 1) | | Significant Observable Inputs (Level 2) | | Total | | Quoted Prices in Active Markets (Level 1) | | Significant Observable Inputs (Level 2) |
Asset Category | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cash and cash equivalents | | $ | 4.6 | | | $ | 4.6 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 1.2 | | | $ | 1.2 | | | $ | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Assets measured at NAV | | 182.0 | | | — | | | — | | | 199.4 | | | — | | | — | |
Total | | $ | 186.6 | | | $ | 4.6 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 200.6 | | | $ | 1.2 | | | $ | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
The Company’s pension plan assets are held in a master trust and stated at estimated fair value, which is based on the fair values of the underlying investments. Purchases and sales of securities are recorded on a trade-date basis. Interest income is recorded on the accrual basis. Dividends are recorded on the ex-dividend date.
Investments in funds that are measured at fair value using the net asset value ("NAV") per share practical expedient in accordance with ASC 820 have not been classified in the fair value hierarchy tables above. The NAV is based on the fair value of the underlying assets owned by the fund and is determined by the investment manager or custodian of the fund. The fair value amounts presented are intended to permit reconciliation of the fair value hierarchy to the amounts presented in the fair value of plan assets. These investments primarily include other fixed income investments and securities.
Expected Rate-of-Return on Plan Assets: The expected return on plan assets assumption (2.6% for 2021 according to the table on assumptions used in plan accounting below) is principally based on the long-term outlook for various asset class returns, asset mix, the historical performance of the plan assets under the liability-driven investment strategy, and a comparison of the estimated long-term return calculated to the distribution of assumptions adopted by other plans with similar asset mixes. For the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, the plan assets experienced a negative return of 2.8% and a positive return of 12.7%, respectively.
Accumulated Benefit Obligation for Defined Benefit Pension Plans: In 2007, the Company changed the traditional defined benefit pension plan formula for new non-bargaining unit employees hired after January 1, 2008 and, replaced it with a cash balance defined benefit pension plan formula. Subsequently, effective January 1, 2012, the Company changed the benefits under its traditional defined benefit plans for non-bargaining unit employees hired before January 1, 2008 and, replaced the benefit with the same cash balance defined benefit pension plan formula provided to those employees hired after January 1, 2008. Retirement benefits under the cash balance pension plan formula are based on a fixed percentage of eligible compensation, plus interest. The plan interest credit rate will vary from year-to-year based on the 10-year U.S. Treasury rate. During the year ended December 31, 2019, the Company amended the cash balance pension plan such that, effective January 1, 2020, benefit accruals under the cash balance formula would cease and would be replaced with a non-elective contribution by the Company into a defined contribution plan. All accumulated benefits under the traditional defined benefit pension plan and the cash balance pension plan will remain credited to employees' accounts under the amendments made in 2019. During the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company amended the traditional defined benefit pension plan formula for remaining bargaining unit employees to cease accruals effective January 1, 2021.
The accumulated benefit obligation for the Company’s qualified pension plans was $227.2 million and $218.7 million as of December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.
Estimated Benefit Payments: The estimated future benefit payments for the next ten years are as follows (in millions):
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2022 | | 2023 | | 2024 | | 2025 | | 2026 | | 2027-2031 |
Estimated Benefit Payments | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Pension | | $ | 227.9 | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | |
Post-retirement Benefits | | 0.7 | | | 0.7 | | | 0.7 | | | 0.7 | | | 0.7 | | | 3.1 | |
Non-qualified Plan Benefits | | 0.6 | | | 0.6 | | | — | | | 1.9 | | | — | | | — | |
Total estimated benefit payments | | $ | 229.2 | | | $ | 1.3 | | | $ | 0.7 | | | $ | 2.6 | | | $ | 0.7 | | | $ | 3.1 | |
Estimated Future Contributions: Contributions are determined annually for each plan by the Company’s pension Administrative Committee, based upon the actuarial-determined minimum required contribution under the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended, the Pension Protection Act of 2006, and the maximum deductible contribution allowed for tax purposes. During the year ended December 31, 2021, the Company made a contribution of $6.7 million to its defined benefit pension plans for the 2020 plan year. During the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, the Company made no contributions to its defined benefit pension plans. The Company’s funding policy is to contribute cash to its pension plans so that it meets at least the minimum contribution requirements.
Net Benefit Cost Recognized and Amounts Recognized in Other Comprehensive Income: Components of the net periodic benefit cost and other amounts recognized in other comprehensive income (loss) for the defined benefit pension plans and the post-retirement health care and life insurance benefit plans during the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019, are shown below (in millions):
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Pension Benefits | | Other Post-retirement Benefits | | Non-qualified Plan Benefits |
Components of Net Periodic Benefit Cost | | 2021 | | 2020 | | 2019 | | 2021 | | 2020 | | 2019 | | 2021 | | 2020 | | 2019 |
Service cost | | $ | (1.2) | | | $ | (0.8) | | | $ | (2.3) | | | $ | (0.1) | | | $ | (0.1) | | | $ | (0.1) | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | (0.1) | |
Interest cost | | (5.1) | | | (6.5) | | | (8.0) | | | (0.3) | | | (0.3) | | | (0.4) | | | — | | | (0.1) | | | (0.1) | |
Expected return on plan assets | | 5.0 | | | 6.8 | | | 7.3 | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | |
Amortization of net loss | | (2.5) | | | (2.5) | | | (4.1) | | | — | | | 0.1 | | | 0.1 | | | (0.1) | | | (0.1) | | | — | |
Amortization of prior service cost | | — | | | — | | | 0.6 | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 0.1 | |
Curtailment gain (loss) | | — | | | — | | | 1.3 | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 0.1 | |
Settlement gain (loss) | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | |
Net periodic benefit cost | | $ | (3.8) | | | $ | (3.0) | | | $ | (5.2) | | | $ | (0.4) | | | $ | (0.3) | | | $ | (0.4) | | | $ | (0.1) | | | $ | (0.2) | | | $ | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Other Changes in Plan Assets and Benefit Obligations Recognized in Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net gain (loss) | | $ | (28.0) | | | $ | (3.8) | | | $ | 5.2 | | | $ | 0.6 | | | $ | (3.7) | | | $ | 0.3 | | | $ | — | | | $ | (0.2) | | | $ | (0.2) | |
Amortization of net loss1 | | 2.6 | | | 2.5 | | | 4.1 | | | 0.1 | | | (0.1) | | | (0.1) | | | 0.1 | | | 0.1 | | | — | |
Prior service credit | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | |
Prior service cost | | — | | | (0.1) | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | |
Amortization of prior service credit1 | | — | | | — | | | (0.6) | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | (0.1) | |
Curtailment gain recognition of prior service credit1 | | — | | | — | | | (1.3) | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | (0.1) | |
Recognition of settlement loss1 | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | |
Total recognized in Other comprehensive income (loss) | | (25.4) | | | (1.4) | | | 7.4 | | | 0.7 | | | (3.8) | | | 0.2 | | | 0.1 | | | (0.1) | | | (0.4) | |
Total recognized in net periodic benefit cost and Other comprehensive income (loss) | | $ | (29.2) | | | $ | (4.4) | | | $ | 2.2 | | | $ | 0.3 | | | $ | (4.1) | | | $ | (0.2) | | | $ | — | | | $ | (0.3) | | | $ | (0.4) | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
1 Represents amortization or recognition of balances previously recorded to Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) in the consolidated balance sheets and recognized as a component of net periodic benefit cost. |
Other components of net periodic benefit costs (other than the service cost component) are recorded in Interest and other income (expense), net in the consolidated statements of operations.
Amounts recognized on the consolidated balance sheets in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) as of December 31, 2021 and 2020, were as follows (in millions):
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Pension Benefits | | Other Post-retirement Benefits | | Non-qualified Plan Benefits |
| | 2021 | | 2020 | | 2021 | | 2020 | | 2021 | | 2020 |
Net gain (loss), net of taxes | | $ | (74.5) | | | $ | (48.8) | | | $ | (2.6) | | | $ | (3.6) | | | $ | (0.7) | | | $ | (0.8) | |
Unrecognized prior service credit (cost), net of taxes | | (0.1) | | | (0.1) | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | |
Total | | $ | (74.6) | | | $ | (48.9) | | | $ | (2.6) | | | $ | (3.6) | | | $ | (0.7) | | | $ | (0.8) | |
Unrecognized gains and losses of the post-retirement benefit plans are amortized over five years. Although current health costs are expected to increase, the Company attempts to mitigate these increases by maintaining caps on certain of its benefit plans, using lower cost health care plan options where possible, requiring that certain groups of employees pay a portion of their benefit costs, self-insuring for certain insurance plans, encouraging wellness programs for employees, and implementing measures to mitigate future benefit cost increases.
Assumptions in Plan Accounting: The weighted average assumptions used to determine benefit information during the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019, were as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Pension Benefits | | Other Post-retirement Benefits | | Non-qualified Plan Benefits |
| | 2021 | | 2020 | | 2019 | | 2021 | | 2020 | | 2019 | | 2021 | | 2020 | | 2019 |
Weighted Average Assumptions | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Discount rate to determine benefit obligations | | 2.26% | | 2.40% | | 3.29% | | 2.86% | | 2.49% | | 3.38% | | 1.68% | | 1.07% | | 2.48% |
Discount rate to determine net cost | | 2.39% | | 3.28% | | 4.33% | | 2.48% | | 3.38% | | 4.38% | | 1.07% | | 2.48% | | 3.78% |
Rate of compensation increase | | N/A | | N/A | | 0.5%-3.0% | | 0.5%-3.0% | | 0.5%-3.0% | | 0.5%-3.0% | | N/A | | N/A | | N/A |
Expected return on plan assets | | 2.60% | | 3.70% | | 4.30% | | N/A | | N/A | | N/A | | N/A | | N/A | | N/A |
Interest crediting rates | | 2.15% | | 0.71% | | 1.68% | | N/A | | N/A | | N/A | | 2.15% | | 0.71% | | 1.68% |
Initial health care cost trend rate | | N/A | | N/A | | N/A | | 5.90% | | 5.70% | | 6.00% | | N/A | | N/A | | N/A |
Ultimate rate | | N/A | | N/A | | N/A | | 4.00% | | 4.50% | | 4.50% | | N/A | | N/A | | N/A |
Year ultimate rate is reached | | N/A | | N/A | | N/A | | 2045 | | 2037 | | 2037 | | N/A | | N/A | | N/A |
Multiemployer Plans: Grace Pacific and certain subsidiaries contribute to a number of multiemployer defined benefit pension plans under the terms of collective-bargaining agreements that cover their union-represented employees. The risks of participating in these multiemployer plans are different from single-employer plans in the following aspects:
a.Assets contributed to the multiemployer plan by one employer may be used to provide benefits to employees of other participating employers.
b.If a participating employer stops contributing to the plan, the unfunded obligations of the plan may be borne by the remaining participating employers.
c.If the Company chooses to stop participating in some of its multiemployer plans, the Company may be required to pay those plans an amount based on the underfunded status of the plan, referred to as a withdrawal liability.
The Company's participation in these plans and the historical activity for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019, are outlined in the table below. Regarding the Hawai‘i Laborers Trust Funds, GPRS and GPRM (as applicable prior the Company's disposal of GPRM in the year ended December 31, 2020) had separate contracts and are presented separately in the table below to reflect the historical contributions by relevant entity.
The "EIN Pension Plan Number" column provides the Employee Identification Number (EIN) and the 3-digit plan number, if applicable. The most recent Pension Protection Act ("PPA") zone status is based on the most recent annual report received from the plan for the following plan year ends (as certified by the plan's actuary) :
•Pension Trust Fund for Operating Engineers Pension Plan - December 31, 2020
•Laborer's National (Industrial) Pension Fund - December 31, 2020
•Hawai‘i Laborer's Trust Funds - February 28, 2021
The zone status listed for each plan is determined, in part and among other factors, as follows:
•Green - plan is funded more than 80%.
•Yellow - meets one of the following criteria: (1) plan is funded between 65% and 80% funded or (2) plan has an accumulated funding deficiency or is expected to have a deficiency in any of the next six years.
•Orange - Plan meets both of the criteria listed above applicable to the yellow zone.
•Red - Plan is less than 65% funded and is in need of reorganization.
The "FIP/RP Status Pending/Implemented" column indicates plans for which a financial improvement plan (FIP) or a rehabilitation plan (RP) is either pending or has been implemented and the "Surcharge Imposed" column represents whether the Company has paid a surcharge to the plan as of December 31, 2021. The "Expiration Date" column describes the expiration dates of the collective-bargaining agreements requiring contributions to the plan.
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| | | FIP/RP Status | Contribution by Entity | | Contribution by Entity | | Contribution by Entity | Surcharge Imposed | Expiration Date |
Fund | EIN Pension Plan Number | PPA Zone Status | Pending/Implemented | Jan. 1 - Dec. 31, 2021 | | Jan. 1 - Dec. 31, 2020 | | Jan. 1 - Dec. 31, 2019 |
Operating Engineers | 94-6090764; 001 | Yellow | Yes | $ | 3.5 | | $ | 3.3 | | $ | 4.1 | No | 8/31/24 |
Laborers National | 52-6074345; 001 | Green | Yes | 0.2 | | 0.2 | | 0.2 | No | 8/31/24 |
Hawai‘i Laborers (GPRM) | 99-6025107; 001 | Green | No | — | | 0.3 | | 1.1 | No | N/A |
Hawai‘i Laborers (GPRS) | 99-6025107; 001 | Green | No | 0.2 | | 0.2 | | 0.2 | No | 9/30/24 |
Total | | | | $ | 3.9 | | $ | 4.0 | | $ | 5.6 | | |
As of the end of each respective period, based upon the most recently available annual reports for the applicable plan year, plans reporting that the Company's contributions represented more than 5% of the plan's total contributions for the applicable plan year were as follows: as of December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, there were no such plans; as of December 31, 2019, there was one plan (Hawai‘i Laborers Trust Fund).
A&B Defined Contribution Plans: The Company sponsors defined contribution plans that qualify under Section 401(k) of the Code and provides matching contributions of up to 3% of eligible compensation. The Company’s matching contributions expensed under these plans totaled $0.6 million, $0.6 million and $0.2 million for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The Company also maintains profit sharing plans and, if a minimum threshold of Company performance is achieved, provides contributions of 1% to 5%, depending upon Company performance above the minimum threshold. There were $0.7 million, $0.5 million and $0.3 million of profit sharing contribution expenses recognized in the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019, respectively.
As noted above, during the year ended December 31, 2019, the Company amended the cash balance pension plan such that, effective January 1, 2020, benefit accruals under the cash balance formula would cease and would be replaced with a non-elective contribution of 3% of the participant's annual eligible compensation made by the Company into the participant's defined contribution plan. The Company's contribution expensed under this non-elective component of the defined contribution plan totaled $0.6 million, $0.7 million, and zero for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019, respectively.
Grace Pacific 401(k) Plans: The Company allows for discretionary non-elective employer contributions up to the sum of 10% of each eligible employee's compensation for the 12 months in the plan year, subject to certain limitations. Management revenue sharing bonuses can be deferred to the employee's 401(k) account, but will be subject to the IRS' annual limit on employee elective deferrals. Grace Pacific recognized discretionary employer contribution and revenue sharing expense of $1.1 million, $1.1 million, and $1.1 million in the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019, respectively.
18. Income Taxes
For taxable years prior to 2017, the Company filed a consolidated federal income tax return, which included all of its wholly owned subsidiaries. On October 15, 2018, the Company filed its 2017 Form 1120-REIT with the Internal Revenue Service. The Company's taxable REIT subsidiary ("TRS") filed separately as a C corporation. The Company also files separate income tax returns in various states. The Company completed the necessary preparatory work and obtained the necessary
approvals such that the Company believes it has been organized and operates in a manner that enables it to qualify, and continue to qualify, as a REIT for federal income tax purposes.
As a REIT, the Company will generally be allowed a deduction for dividends that it pays, and therefore, will not be subject to United States federal corporate income tax on its taxable income that is currently distributed to shareholders. The Company may be subject to certain state gross income and franchise taxes, as well as taxes on any undistributed income and federal and state corporate taxes on any income earned by its TRS.
Distributions with respect to the Company’s common stock can be characterized for federal income tax purposes as ordinary income, capital gains, unrecaptured section 1250 gains, return of capital, or a combination thereof. Taxable distributions paid for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019, were classified as ordinary income.
The income tax expense (benefit) on income (loss) from continuing operations for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019, consisted of the following (in millions):
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2021 | | 2020 | | 2019 |
Current: | | | | | | |
Federal | | $ | 0.1 | | | $ | (0.1) | | | $ | (1.6) | |
State | | (0.1) | | | (0.3) | | | (0.4) | |
Current | | $ | — | | | $ | (0.4) | | | $ | (2.0) | |
Deferred: | | | | | | |
Federal | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | |
State | | — | | | — | | | — | |
Deferred | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | |
Income tax expense (benefit) | | $ | — | | | $ | (0.4) | | | $ | (2.0) | |
Income tax expense (benefit) for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019, differs from amounts computed by applying the statutory federal rate to income from continuing operations before income taxes for the following reasons (in millions):
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2021 | | 2020 | | 2019 |
Computed federal income tax expense (benefit) | | $ | 7.8 | | | $ | 1.2 | | | $ | (8.2) | |
State income taxes | | (0.7) | | | (1.1) | | | (5.1) | |
Valuation allowance | | 1.7 | | | 3.4 | | | 8.3 | |
REIT rate differential | | (9.0) | | | (4.7) | | | (7.9) | |
Amended return | | — | | | — | | | (1.1) | |
Noncontrolling interest | | (0.1) | | | 0.1 | | | 0.5 | |
Goodwill impairment | | 0.5 | | | — | | | 12.4 | |
Other, net | | (0.2) | | | 0.7 | | | (0.9) | |
Income tax expense (benefit) | | $ | — | | | $ | (0.4) | | | $ | (2.0) | |
The change in the Company's effective tax rate for the year ended December 31, 2021, as compared to the year ended December 31, 2020, is primarily due to impairments incurred in 2021, changes in the valuation allowance on deferred tax assets during the year and overall increase in pretax book income for the year ended December 31, 2021.
The tax effects of temporary differences that give rise to significant portions of the deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities as of December 31, 2021 and 2020, were as follows (in millions):
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2021 | | 2020 |
Deferred tax assets: | | | | |
Employee benefits | | $ | 17.7 | | | $ | 11.5 | |
Capitalized costs | | 1.6 | | | 5.5 | |
Joint ventures and other investments | | 6.4 | | | 42.6 | |
Impairment and amortization | | 1.7 | | | 1.6 | |
Solar investment benefits | | 15.7 | | | 15.7 | |
Insurance and other reserves | | 6.0 | | | 6.4 | |
Disallowed interest expense | | 10.5 | | | 9.1 | |
Net operating losses | | 52.6 | | | 20.5 | |
Operating lease liability | | 1.6 | | | 2.0 | |
Other | | 3.0 | | | 3.2 | |
Total deferred tax assets | | $ | 116.8 | | | $ | 118.1 | |
Valuation allowance | | (109.6) | | | (104.0) | |
Total net deferred tax assets | | $ | 7.2 | | | $ | 14.1 | |
| | | | |
Deferred tax liabilities: | | | | |
Property (including tax-deferred gains on real estate transactions) | | $ | 5.6 | | | $ | 12.2 | |
Operating lease asset | | 1.6 | | | 1.9 | |
Other | | — | | | — | |
Total deferred tax liabilities | | $ | 7.2 | | | $ | 14.1 | |
| | | | |
Net deferred tax assets (liabilities) | | $ | — | | | $ | — | |
Federal tax credit carryforwards at December 31, 2021, totaled $8.7 million and will expire in 2036. State tax credit carryforwards at December 31, 2021, totaled $6.9 million and may be carried forward indefinitely under state law. As of December 31, 2021, the Company had gross federal net operating loss carryforwards of $201.1 million ($42.2 million tax-effected), of which $15.9 million ($3.3 million tax-effected) will expire in 2037, with the remaining being carried forward indefinitely under federal law. As of December 31, 2021, the Company had state net operating loss carryforwards of $204.8 million ($10.4 million tax-effected), of which $17.2 million ($0.9 million tax-effected) of Hawai‘i net operating loss carryforwards will expire in 2037, and the remaining being carried forward indefinitely.
A valuation allowance must be provided if it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized, based upon consideration of all positive and negative evidence. Sources of evidence include, among other things, a history of pretax earnings or losses, expectations of future results, tax planning opportunities and appropriate tax law.
Due to the recent losses the Company has generated in its TRS, the Company believes that it is more likely than not that its U.S. and state deferred tax assets will not be realized as of December 31, 2021. Therefore, the Company recorded an increase in the valuation allowance of $5.6 million on its net U.S. and state deferred tax assets for the current period. Should the Company determine that it would be able to realize its deferred tax assets in the foreseeable future, an adjustment to the deferred tax assets may cause a material increase to income in the period such determination is made. Significant management judgment is required in determining the period in which reversal of a valuation allowance should occur. The net change to the valuation allowance recorded during each of the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019, was as follows (in millions):
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Balance at Beginning of Year | | Net Change | | Balance at End of Year |
2021 | | $ | 104.0 | | | $ | 5.6 | | | $ | 109.6 | |
2020 | | $ | 99.3 | | | $ | 4.7 | | | $ | 104.0 | |
2019 | | $ | 91.5 | | | $ | 7.8 | | | $ | 99.3 | |
The Company receives an income tax benefit for exercised stock options calculated as the difference between the fair market value of the stock issued at the time of exercise and the option exercise price, tax-effected. The Company also receives an income tax benefit for restricted stock units when they vest, measured as the fair market value of the stock issued at the time of vesting, tax effected. Due to the Company's valuation allowance in the respective periods, there were no net tax benefits recognized from share-based transactions for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019.
The Company recognizes accrued interest and penalties on income taxes as a component of income tax expense. As of December 31, 2021, accrued interest and penalties were not material. The Company has not identified any material unrecognized tax positions and as such has no related interest or penalty accruals.
As of December 31, 2021, tax years 2018 and later are open to audit by the tax authorities. The Company does not believe that the result of any potential audits will have a material adverse effect on its results of operations, financial condition or liquidity.
19. Earnings Per Share ("EPS")
Basic earnings per common share excludes dilution and is calculated by dividing net earnings allocated to common shares by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted earnings per common share is calculated by dividing net earnings allocated to common shares by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding for the period, as adjusted for the potential dilutive effect of non-participating share-based awards, as well as adjusted by the number of additional shares, if any, that would have been outstanding had the potentially dilutive common shares been issued.
The following table provides a reconciliation of income (loss) from continuing operations to income (loss) from continuing operations available to A&B shareholders and net income (loss) available to A&B shareholders for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019 (in millions):
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2021 | | 2020 | | 2019 |
Income (loss) from continuing operations | | $ | 36.9 | | | $ | 6.0 | | | $ | (36.9) | |
Exclude: Loss (income) attributable to noncontrolling interest | | (0.4) | | | 0.4 | | | 2.0 | |
Income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to A&B shareholders | | 36.5 | | | 6.4 | | | (34.9) | |
| | | | | | |
| | | | | | |
Distributions and allocations to participating securities | | (0.3) | | | (0.1) | | | (0.2) | |
Income (loss) from continuing operations available to A&B shareholders | | 36.2 | | | 6.3 | | | (35.1) | |
Income (loss) from discontinued operations available to A&B shareholders | | (1.1) | | | (0.8) | | | (1.5) | |
Net income (loss) available to A&B common shareholders | | $ | 35.1 | | | $ | 5.5 | | | $ | (36.6) | |
The number of shares used to compute basic and diluted earnings per share for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019 were as follows (in millions):
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2021 | | 2020 | | 2019 |
Denominator for basic EPS - weighted average shares outstanding | | 72.5 | | | 72.3 | | | 72.2 | |
Effect of dilutive securities: | | | | | | |
Stock options and restricted stock unit awards | | 0.1 | | | 0.1 | | | — | |
| | | | | | |
Denominator for diluted EPS - weighted average shares outstanding | | 72.6 | | | 72.4 | | | 72.2 | |
There were zero, 0.3 million, and 0.2 million shares of anti-dilutive securities outstanding during the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019, respectively.
20. Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Other comprehensive income (loss) principally includes amortization of deferred pension and postretirement costs. The components of accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of taxes, were as follows for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020 (in millions):
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| 2021 | | 2020 |
Employee benefit plans: | | | |
Pension plans | $ | (74.6) | | | $ | (48.9) | |
Post-retirement plans | (2.6) | | | (3.6) | |
Non-qualified benefit plans | (0.7) | | | (0.8) | |
Total employee benefit plans | (77.9) | | | (53.3) | |
Interest rate swap | (2.8) | | | (6.7) | |
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) | $ | (80.7) | | | $ | (60.0) | |
The changes in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) by component for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019 were as follows (in millions, net of tax):
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Employee Benefit Plans | | Interest Rate Swap | | Total |
Balance, January 1, 2019 | $ | (55.2) | | | $ | 3.3 | | | $ | (51.9) | |
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications, net of taxes of $0 | 5.3 | | | (4.0) | | | 1.3 | |
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net of taxes of $0 | 1.9 | | | (0.1) | | | 1.8 | |
Balance, December 31, 2019 | $ | (48.0) | | | $ | (0.8) | | | $ | (48.8) | |
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications, net of taxes of $0 | (7.7) | | | (6.9) | | | (14.6) | |
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net of taxes of $0 | 2.4 | | | 1.0 | | | 3.4 | |
Balance, December 31, 2020 | $ | (53.3) | | | $ | (6.7) | | | $ | (60.0) | |
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications, net of taxes of $0 | (27.4) | | | 2.3 | | | (25.1) | |
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net of taxes of $0 | 2.8 | | | 1.6 | | | 4.4 | |
Balance, December 31, 2021 | $ | (77.9) | | | $ | (2.8) | | | $ | (80.7) | |
The reclassifications of other comprehensive income (loss) components out of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019 were as follows (in millions):
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2021 | | 2020 | | 2019 |
Unrealized interest rate hedging gain (loss) | | $ | 2.3 | | | $ | (6.9) | | | $ | (4.0) | |
Actuarial loss | | (27.4) | | | (7.7) | | | 5.3 | |
Impact of reclassification adjustment to interest expense included in Net Income (Loss) | | 1.6 | | | 1.0 | | | (0.1) | |
Amortization of defined benefit pension items reclassified to net periodic pension cost: | | | | | | |
Net loss* | | 2.8 | | | 2.5 | | | 4.0 | |
Prior service cost* | | — | | | (0.1) | | | — | |
Prior service credit* | | — | | | — | | | (0.7) | |
Curtailment (gain)/loss* | | — | | | — | | | (1.4) | |
| | | | | | |
| | | | | | |
| | | | | | |
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax | | $ | (20.7) | | | $ | (11.2) | | | $ | 3.1 | |
* This accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) component is included in the computation of net periodic pension cost (refer to Note 17).
21. Related Party Transactions
The Company changed the composition of its reportable segments during the current year, which caused reported amounts (i.e., related party revenue) in the historical period to be reclassified from Land Operations to Materials & Construction. All comparable information for the historical periods has been restated to reflect the impact of these changes. Refer to Note 22 for additional information.
Construction Contracts and Material Sales. The Company enters into contracts in the ordinary course of business, as a supplier, with affiliate entities that require accounting under the equity method due to the Company's financial interests in such entities (refer to Note 5) and also with affiliate parties that are members in entities in which the Company also is a member and holds a controlling financial interest. Related to the periods during which such relationships existed, revenues earned from transactions with such affiliates were $9.3 million, $8.6 million and $11.4 million for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Expenses recognized from transactions with such affiliates were $1.4 million, $1.1 million and $3.1 million for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Receivables from these affiliates were $1.1 million and $0.9 million at December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. Amounts due to these affiliates were $0.3 million and $0.3 million as of December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.
Commercial Real Estate. The Company entered into contracts in the ordinary course of business, as a lessor of property, with certain entities that were partially owned by a former director of the Company, as lessee. Revenue from transactions with these entities (confined to periods during which the former director was actively serving the Company) was approximately $1.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2019. There were no such amounts to report during the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020 (i.e., subsequent to the former director's service to the Company).
Land Operations. The Company provides materials and services to certain unconsolidated investments in affiliates. The Company also recognizes interest earned on a note receivable related to a construction loan secured by a mortgage on real property with one of the Company's joint ventures. During the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019, the Company recognized $4.5 million, $1.9 million and $1.3 million, respectively, related to revenues earned from transactions with these affiliates. There were no receivables from service arrangements with these affiliates as of December 31, 2021 and 2020. The note receivable with one of the Company's joint ventures was held at a carrying value of $9.5 million as of December 31, 2020. This note was repaid in full in November 2021.
22. Segment Results
Operating segments are components of an enterprise that engage in business activities from which it may earn revenues and incur expenses, whose operating results are regularly reviewed by the chief operating decision maker to make decisions about resources to be allocated to the segment and assess its performance, and for which discrete financial information is available. The Company operates and reports on three segments: Commercial Real Estate; Land Operations; and Materials & Construction.
The Commercial Real Estate segment owns, operates and manages a portfolio of retail, industrial and office properties in Hawai‘i totaling 3.9 million square feet of gross leasable area. The Company also leases approximately 143.4 acres of commercial land in Hawai‘i to third-party lessees under ground leases.
The Land Operations segment generates its revenues from real estate development and land sales, income/loss from real estate joint ventures, hydroelectric energy and other legacy business activities in Hawai‘i.
The Materials & Construction segment performs asphalt paving as prime contractor and subcontractor; imports and sells liquid asphalt; mines, processes and sells rock and sand aggregates; produces and sells asphaltic concrete; provides and sells various construction- and traffic-control-related products and, historically, manufactured and sold precast concrete products through GPRM (until GPRM's disposal in the year ended December 31, 2020).
The accounting policies of the operating segments are described in Note 2. Reportable segments are measured based on operating profit, exclusive of interest expense, general corporate expenses and income taxes. Revenues related to transactions between reportable segments have been eliminated in consolidation. Transactions between reportable segments are accounted for on the same basis as transactions with unrelated third parties.
A significant portion of Materials & Construction revenue and accounts receivable is generated directly and indirectly from projects administered by the City and County of Honolulu and from the State of Hawai‘i. Reductions in funding of infrastructure projects by these government agencies could reduce revenue and profits from the M&C segment.
During the first quarter ended March 31, 2021, the chief operating decision maker began reviewing the segments structure of its internal organization in a manner that caused the composition of its reportable segments to change. Specifically, the change resulted from a reorganization to present the activity and results of operations of Company-owned quarries on the island of Maui (utilized and operated by third parties who pay for such extraction rights under operating agreements), which historically have been included in the results of Land Operations and are now included in the results of Materials & Construction. The corresponding information for all historical periods has been restated and resulted in changes in segment Operating Revenue and Operating Profit (Loss), from Land Operations to Materials & Construction, of $1.9 million during the year ended December 31, 2020 and $1.9 million during the year ended December 31, 2019. The Company continues to maintain its three reportable segments and the changes are reclassifications within these existing segments.
Operating segment information for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019 is summarized below (in millions):
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2021 | | 2020 | | 2019 |
Operating Revenue: | | | | | | |
Commercial Real Estate | | $ | 173.2 | | | $ | 150.0 | | | $ | 160.6 | |
Land Operations1 | | 79.9 | | | 38.7 | | | 112.2 | |
Materials & Construction1 | | 126.2 | | | 116.6 | | | 162.4 | |
Total operating revenue | | 379.3 | | | 305.3 | | | 435.2 | |
Operating Profit (Loss): | | | | | | |
Commercial Real Estate2 | | 72.6 | | | 49.8 | | | 66.2 | |
Land Operations1,3 | | 55.4 | | | 15.4 | | | 18.9 | |
Materials & Construction1,4 | | (40.5) | | | (10.5) | | | (67.3) | |
Total operating profit (loss) | | 87.5 | | | 54.7 | | | 17.8 | |
Gain (loss) on disposal of commercial real estate properties, net | | 2.8 | | | 0.5 | | | — | |
Interest expense | | (26.3) | | | (30.3) | | | (33.1) | |
General corporate expenses | | (27.1) | | | (19.3) | | | (23.6) | |
Income (Loss) from Continuing Operations Before Income Taxes | | $ | 36.9 | | | $ | 5.6 | | | $ | (38.9) | |
| | | | | | |
Identifiable Assets: | | | | | | |
Commercial Real Estate | | $ | 1,499.5 | | | $ | 1,499.9 | | | $ | 1,532.6 | |
Land Operations5 | | 121.0 | | | 258.4 | | | 282.5 | |
Materials & Construction | | 178.2 | | | 211.9 | | | 243.0 | |
Other | | 81.1 | | | 65.8 | | | 26.2 | |
Total assets | | $ | 1,879.8 | | | $ | 2,036.0 | | | $ | 2,084.3 | |
| | | | | | |
Capital Expenditures: | | | | | | |
Commercial Real Estate6 | | $ | 39.6 | | | $ | 18.8 | | | $ | 250.5 | |
Land Operations7 | | 7.4 | | | 1.4 | | | 2.3 | |
Materials & Construction | | 6.3 | | | 4.5 | | | 1.9 | |
Other | | 0.2 | | | 0.4 | | | 0.4 | |
Total capital expenditures | | $ | 53.5 | | | $ | 25.1 | | | $ | 255.1 | |
| | | | | | |
Depreciation and Amortization: | | | | | | |
Commercial Real Estate | | $ | 37.7 | | | $ | 40.1 | | | $ | 36.7 | |
Land Operations | | 1.1 | | | 1.5 | | | 1.6 | |
Materials & Construction | | 10.8 | | | 10.8 | | | 11.4 | |
Other | | 0.8 | | | 0.9 | | | 0.8 | |
Total depreciation and amortization | | $ | 50.4 | | | $ | 53.3 | | | $ | 50.5 | |
1 As described above, during the current year, the Company changed the composition of its reportable segments which caused reported amounts (i.e., revenue and operating profit) in the historical period to be reclassified from Land Operations to Materials & Construction. All comparable information for the historical periods has been restated to reflect the impact of these changes.
2 Commercial Real Estate segment operating profit (loss) includes intersegment operating revenue, primarily from the Materials & Construction segment, and is eliminated in the consolidated results of operations.
3 Land Operations segment operating profit (loss) includes equity in earnings (losses) from the Company's various real estate joint ventures and non-cash reductions related to the Company's solar tax equity investments.
4 Materials & Construction segment operating profit (loss) for the year ended December 31, 2021 includes impairment charges related to its long-lived assets, equity method investment, and goodwill of $29.0 million. Materials & Construction segment operating profit (loss) for the year ended December 31, 2020 includes an impairment charge of $5.6 million related to its disposal of GPRM. Materials & Construction segment operating profit (loss) for the year ended December 31, 2019 includes an impairment charge related to its goodwill of $49.7 million.
5 The Land Operations segment includes assets related to its investment in various real estate joint ventures.
6 Represents gross capital additions to the commercial real estate portfolio, including gross tax deferred property purchases but excluding the assumption of debt, that are reflected as non-cash transactions in the consolidated statements of cash flows.
7 Excludes expenditures for real estate developments held for sale, which are classified as cash flows from operating activities within the consolidated statements of cash flows, and excludes investment in joint ventures classified as cash flows from investing activities.
23. Long-lived Assets - Impairments
2021 impairments of assets held and used
During the fourth quarter of 2021, the Company concluded that the carrying values of certain paving and traffic-control-related assets in its Materials & Construction segment were not recoverable due primarily to the Company's review and analysis of strategic alternatives that have resulted in downward revisions of management’s forecasts on future projected earnings and cash flows. As a result, the Company recorded impairment charges of $24.3 million during the fourth quarter of 2021 to reduce the carrying amounts to the estimated fair value. The Company classified these fair value measurements as Level 3. The key unobservable inputs used in the asset valuation included the discount rate of 13.0%, the cash flow projection period, uncertainty about future events, changes in the use of the assets and the timing and amount of expected future cash flows. Changes to Materials & Construction long-lived assets for the year ended December 31, 2021, including such impairments, were as follows (in millions):
| | | | | | | | |
| | | Long-lived Assets | Materials & Construction |
|
| | | Balance, January 1, 2021 | $ | 92.8 | |
| | | Additions to long-lived assets | 6.3 | |
| | | Depreciation | (9.1) | |
| | | Long-lived asset impairment | (24.3) | |
| | | Balance, December 31, 2021 | $ | 65.7 | |
24. Long-lived Assets - Held for sale or Disposals
2020 Port Allen solar power facility asset sale
As described in Item 2, the Company, through its wholly-owned subsidiary, McBryde Resources, Inc., has produced renewable energy through hydroelectric and solar power facilities on Kauai. Energy generated from these hydroelectric and solar power facilities has been used for A&B-related operations or sold to Kauai Island Utility Cooperative. Such activities are included and reported in the Land Operations segment.
In connection with its strategy to simplify its business, during the quarter ended September 30, 2020, the Company executed a purchase and sale agreement and consummated the sale of assets related to its solar power facility in Port Allen on Kauai for purchase consideration (measured at the date of disposal) of approximately $17.1 million. As a result, the Company derecognized the carrying value of the net assets of the disposal group and recorded a gain on disposal of approximately $8.9 million which is included in Gain (loss) on disposal of non-core assets, net in the consolidated statements of operations. The disposal was not considered individually significant and does not qualify for presentation and disclosure as a discontinued operation.
2020 GPRM sale of subsidiary
As described in Note 1, as of December 31, 2019, the Company owned a 51% interest in GPRM, a provider of precast/prestressed concrete products and services, which the Company consolidated due to holding a controlling financial interest through its majority voting interests and reported as part of the M&C segment. Subsequent to the quarter ended March 31, 2020, GPRM met the criteria to be classified as held for sale. As a result, in the quarter ended June 30, 2020, the Company recorded a write-down of $5.6 million (based on fair value less cost to sell) related to the disposal group which was included in Impairment of assets in the consolidated statements of operations.
On June 29, 2020, the Company consummated the sale of its 51% ownership interest in GPRM to an unrelated third-party through an LLC interest purchase agreement in exchange for cash proceeds received/to be received of approximately $5.0 million. In connection with the consummation of the disposal of GPRM, the Company recorded an entry to deconsolidate the carrying amounts of the GPRM disposal group and recognized a net loss of $0.1 million, which was included in Gain (loss) on disposal of non-core assets, net in the consolidated statements of operations.
The GPRM disposal was not considered individually significant and does not qualify for presentation and disclosure as a discontinued operation.
25. Subsequent Events
On February 22, 2022, the Company's Board of Directors declared a cash dividend of $0.19 per share of outstanding common stock, payable on April 5, 2022 to shareholders of record as of the close of business on March 18, 2022.