EXHIBIT 2.2
EQUITY INTEREST PURCHASE AGREEMENT
BY AND AMONG
SMTP, INC.
INTERINBOX SA,
ERNEPH 2012A (PTY) LTD. dba ISMS,
ERNEPH 2012B (PTY) LTD. dba GRAPHICMAIL SOUTH AFRICA,
QUATTRO HOSTING LLC,
PENTASOFT LTD,
AND
THE SELLERS PARTY HERETO
DATED AS OF AUGUST 14, 2014
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Page
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ARTICLE I DEFINITIONS
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1
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1.1
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Definitions
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1
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1.2
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Interpretation
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13
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1.3
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Disclosure Schedules
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14
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ARTICLE II SALE, PURCHASE AND PURCHASE PRICE
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14
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2.1
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Sale and Purchase
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14
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2.2
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Purchase Price and Payment.
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14
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2.3
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Consolidated Net Assets Adjustment.
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17
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2.4
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Earn-out Consideration
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19
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2.5
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Withholding
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20
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2.6
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Alternative Business Combination.
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21
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ARTICLE III CLOSING
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21
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3.1
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Closing
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21
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3.2
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Conditions Precedent to Obligations of Buyer
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22
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3.3
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Conditions Precedent to Obligations of Sellers, Sellers' Representative and the Company Group
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24
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ARTICLE IV REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE COMPANY AND SELLERS
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25
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4.1
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Organization and Authority of Sellers and Sellers' Representative.
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25
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4.2
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Authorization and Validity
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25
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4.3
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Title to Shares
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26
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4.4
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No Governmental Proceedings or Litigation
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26
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4.5
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Capitalization
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26
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4.6
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Corporate Organization
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26
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4.7
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Non-Contravention; Consents
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27
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4.8
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Financial Statements
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27
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4.9
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Undisclosed Liabilities
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28
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4.10
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Absence of Changes
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28
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4.11
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Real Property and Movable Assets.
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28
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4.12
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Contracts.
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29
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4.13
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Accounts Receivable
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31
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4.14
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Compliance with Laws; Licenses and Permits.
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31
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4.15
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Litigation.
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32
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4.16
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Employee Matters
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32
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4.17
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Employee Benefits
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33
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4.18
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Intellectual Property
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35
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4.19
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Environment
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36
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4.20
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Taxes
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36
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4.21
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Insurance
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39
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4.22
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Affiliate Transactions
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39
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4.23
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Business Technology
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40
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4.24
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No Broker
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40
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4.25
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Absence of Certain Business Practices
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40
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ARTICLE V REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF BUYER
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41
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5.1
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Organization and Authority
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41
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5.2
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Authorization and Validity
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41
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5.3
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No Conflict; Consents
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41
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5.4
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No Governmental Proceedings or Litigation
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41
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5.5
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No Broker
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41
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5.6
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No Financing Contingency
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41
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5.7
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Valid Issuance of Common Stock
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41
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ARTICLE VI PRE-CLOSING MATTERS
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42
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6.1
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Conduct of Business Prior to Closing
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42
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6.2
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Exclusivity
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44
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6.3
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Commercially Reasonable Efforts
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45
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6.4
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Mutual Cooperation
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45
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6.5
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Access to Information; Financial Statements
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45
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6.6
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Intercompany Arrangements
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45
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6.7
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Employment Agreements
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46
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6.8
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Payoff of Company Debt
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46
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6.9
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Updated Disclosure
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46
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ARTICLE VII POST-CLOSING MATTERS
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46
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7.1
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Transfer Taxes
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46
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7.2
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Conduct of Business with Respect to Taxes
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46
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7.3
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Cooperation on Tax Matters
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47
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7.4
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Preparation and Filing of Pre-Closing Period Tax Returns for each Member of the Company Group
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47
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7.5
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Preparation and Filing of Straddle Period Tax Returns for each Member of the Company Group
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48
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7.6
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Computation of Tax Liabilities
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49
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7.7
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Tax Contests.
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50
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7.8
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Tax Refunds
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52
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7.9
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Adjustments to Purchase Price in Connection With Taxes
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52
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7.10
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Payments in Connection with Taxes
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52
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7.11
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Non-Compete
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53
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7.12
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Non-Solicitation
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53
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7.13
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Further Assurances
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53
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7.14
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Release by Sellers
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54
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7.15
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Proprietary Information
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55
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7.16
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Reserved
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55
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ARTICLE VIII INDEMNIFICATION
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55
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8.1
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Indemnification by the Company Group and Sellers
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55
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8.2
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Indemnification by Buyer
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56
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8.3
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Limitations on Liability.
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57
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8.4
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Third Party Claims
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58
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8.5
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Reserved
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59
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8.6
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Escrow Funds
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59
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8.7
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Value of Escrow Shares
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60
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8.8
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Treatment of Indemnification Payments
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60
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8.9
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Escrow Fees
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60
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8.10
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No Double Recovery.
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60
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ARTICLE IX SELLERS' REPRESENTATIVE
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60
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9.1
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Appointment of Sellers' Representative
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60
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9.2
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Powers and Authority of Sellers' Representative
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61
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9.3
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Seller Reserve Amount
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62
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9.4
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Limitation of Liability
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62
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9.5
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Successor Representatives
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63
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9.6
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Buyer and Escrow Agent Reliance
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63
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ARTICLE X TERMINATION
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63
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10.1
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Termination
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63
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10.2
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Termination Fee.
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64
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10.3
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Effect on Obligations
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65
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ARTICLE XI DISPUTE RESOLUTION
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65
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11.1
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Arbitration
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65
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11.2
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Good Faith
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65
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11.3
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Procedure
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66
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11.4
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Consent to Jurisdiction
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66
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ARTICLE XII MISCELLANEOUS
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66
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12.1
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Costs
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66
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12.2
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Notices
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67
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12.3
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Entire Agreement
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68
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12.4
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Waivers and Amendments
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68
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12.5
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Binding Effect; Assignment
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68
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12.6
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No Rescission
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68
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12.7
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Governing Law
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68
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12.8
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Specific Performance
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69
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12.9
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Reserved
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69
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12.10
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Waiver of Jury Trial
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69
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12.11
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Construction
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69
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12.12
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Agreement Severable
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69
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12.13
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Counterparts
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69
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12.14
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No Third Party Beneficiaries
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69
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12.15
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Public Announcements
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70
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12.16
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Confidentiality
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70
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EQUITY INTEREST PURCHASE AGREEMENT
This EQUITY INTEREST PURCHASE AGREEMENT (together with all Schedules and Exhibits, this "
Agreement
"), dated as of August ___, 2014, is entered into by and among SMTP, Inc., (the "
Buyer
") and each of the individual shareholders and entities listed on Exhibit A hereto (together, "
Sellers
," and each a "
Seller
"), for the purchase of 100% of the equity interest owned, directly or indirectly, in InterInbox SA, a Swiss corporation, ERNEPH 2012A (Pty) Ltd. dba ISMS, a South African limited company, ERNEPH 2012B (Pty) Ltd. dba GraphicMail South Africa, a South African limited company, and Quattro Hosting LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (all such entities are referred to collectively as the "
Companies
" or the "
Company Group
," and individually as a "
Company
"). The Company Group, Sellers and Buyer, are each referred to herein as a "
Party
" and collectively as, the "
Parties
".
WHEREAS, Buyer, a U.S. publicly traded corporation, is a provider of cloud-based email delivery services for companies in over 130 countries and desires to expand its business domestically and internationally through strategic acquisition;
WHEREAS, Sellers are the record and beneficial owners of
100% of
the
Shares (as defined below)
of the domestic and international Companies that collectively operate as the GraphicMail email marketing platform business that is distributed directly and indirectly through channel partners to its international client base of over 35,000 customers
; and
WHEREAS, Sellers desire to sell to Buyer, and Buyer desires to purchase from Sellers, the
Shares
, on the terms and subject to the conditions contained in this Agreement.
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the foregoing, the mutual promises and covenants herein contained and other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged and incorporating the above recitals with and into this Agreement, the Parties hereby agree as follows:
1.1
Definitions
. As used in this Agreement, the following terms have the following meanings:
"
2013 Reductio Factor
" has the meaning provided in
Section 2.2(b)(iii)(A)
.
"
2014 Reduction Factor
" has the meaning provided in
Section 2.2(b)(iii)(B)
.
"
2015 Financial Statements
" has the meaning set forth in
Section 2.4(a)(i)
.
"
AAA
" has the meaning provided in
Section 11.1
.
"
Achieved Relevant 2015 Revenues
" has the meaning provided in
Section 2.4(b)
.
"
Actual Consolidated Net Assets
" has the meaning provided in
Section 2.3(d)
.
"
Actual Reduction Amount
" has the meaning set forth in
Section 2.2(b)(ii)
.
"
Actual Reduction Factor
" has the meaning set forth in
Section 2.2(b)(ii)
.
"
Additional Stock Payment
" has the meaning set forth in
Section 2.6
.
"
Affiliate
" of a specified Person means any other Person, which, directly or indirectly, through one or more intermediaries, controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with such specified Person. For purposes of this definition, "control" of any Person means possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of such Person, whether through the ownership of voting capital stock, by contract, or otherwise.
"
Affiliate Transactions
" has the meaning provided in
Section 4.22
.
"
Agreement
" has the meaning provided in the Preamble.
"
Alternative Transaction
" has the meaning provided in
Section 6.2
.
"
Assets
" has the meaning provided in
Section 4.11(c)
.
"
Base Purchase Price
" has the meaning provided in
Section 2.2(a)(ii)
.
"
Basket
" has the meaning provided in
Section 8.3(b)(ii)
.
"
Business
" means any business performed, conducted or proposed to be conducted, in each case presently and/or as of Closing, by any or all of the members of the Company Group as a going concern.
"
Business Combination
" has the meaning provided in
Section 2.6
.
"
Business Combination Expenses
" has the meaning provided in
Section 2.6
.
"
Business Day
" means any day other than: (a) a Saturday or Sunday; or (b) a day on which banks are required or authorized by Law to close in New York, New York.
"
Business Technology
" means all computer systems, telecommunication systems, software and/or hardware that is owned by, directly acquired by, or directly licensed to the Company.
"
Buyer
" has the meaning provided in the preamble.
"
Buyer Indemnitees
" has the meaning provided in
Section 8.1
.
"
Buyer Released Parties
" has the meaning provided in
Section 7.14
.
"
Bylaws
" means the bylaws or rules of self-governance (or other similar document), including any operating agreement or similar agreement and all amendments thereto adopted by the specified Person, in each case as in full force and effect from time to time.
"
Cap
" has the meaning provided in
Section 8.3(b)(i)
.
"
Cash
" means the aggregate consolidated amount of cash on hand and in banks (net of any bank overdrafts), cash equivalents, certificates of deposit, marketable securities and short term investments, as adjusted for any deposits in transit, outstanding checks, cash security deposits and cash collateral accounts, in each case without regard to any purchase accounting adjustments arising out of the Transactions.
"
Cash Escrow Amount
" has the meaning provided in
Section 2.2(a)(i)
.
"
Change of Control Payments
" means all severance, retention, change of control or similar payments payable by any member of the Company Group in connection with the Transactions.
"
Charter
" means the articles or certificate of incorporation, articles of association (or other documents of formation) and all amendments thereto adopted by the specified Person, in each case as in full force and effect from time to time.
"
Claim
" means suit, action, investigation, allegation, proceeding, inquiry or other claim or legal or administrative proceeding.
"
Closing
" has the meaning provided in
Section 3.1
.
"
Closing Cash Payment
" has the meaning provided in
Section 2.2(a)(i)
.
"
Closing Company Debt
" means all Company Debt outstanding as of the Closing Date.
"
Closing Date
" has the meaning provided in
Section 3.1
.
"
Closing Statement
" has the meaning provided in
Section 2.3(c)
.
"
Closing Stock Payment
" has the meaning provided in
Section 2.2(a)(ii)
.
"
Code
" means the United States federal Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.
"
CombinationCo
" has the meaning provided in
Section 2.6
.
"
CombinationCo Stock
" has the meaning provided in
Section 2.6
.
"
Common Stock
" has the meaning provided in
Section 2.2(a)(ii)
.
"
Company
" has the meaning provided in the preamble.
"
Company Benefit Plan
" means (a) any employment, change in control, retention, severance or similar contract or arrangement (whether or not written) or any plan (including, without limitation, any "
employee benefit plan
," as defined in Section 3(3) of ERISA, or any Foreign Plan), policy, practice, fund, program or contract or arrangement (whether or not written) providing for compensation, bonus, profit-sharing, stock option, or other stock related rights or other forms of incentive or deferred compensation, vacation benefits, fringe benefits, insurance coverage (including any self-insured arrangements), health or medical benefits, disability benefits, worker's compensation, supplemental unemployment benefits, severance benefits and post-employment or retirement benefits (including compensation, pension, health, medical or life insurance or other benefits), whether written or oral, that is maintained, administered, sponsored or contributed to, by, or required to be contributed by the Company Group, or with respect to which the Company Group could otherwise have any liability or obligation, whether direct or indirect, absolute or contingent, but excluding in each case any such employee benefit plan or arrangement providing statutory benefits pursuant to applicable law in jurisdictions outside of the United States; and (b) any defined benefit pension plan in respect of which the Company Group or any ERISA Affiliate could incur liability whether direct or indirect, absolute or contingent.
"
Company Debt
" means all of the following, whether issued to, extended to, applicable to, incurred by, or a contractual obligation of, the Company Group, but specifically excluding all inter-Company Group obligations incurred in the Ordinary Course of Business: (a) all obligations for borrowed money or in respect of banker's acceptances or letters of credit issued or created for the account or benefit of any member of the Company Group (for clarity, excluding unfunded letters of credit), whether secured or unsecured, whether or not represented by bonds, debentures, notes or other securities, and whether owing to banks, financial institutions or otherwise; (b) all indebtedness of any member of the Company Group created or arising under any conditional sale or other title retention Contract with respect to property acquired by such Person (even though the rights and remedies of the seller or lender under such Contract in the event of default are limited to repossession or sale of such property); (c) all indebtedness of any member of the Company Group secured by a purchase money mortgage or other lien to secure all or part of the purchase price of the property subject to such mortgage or lien; (d) all obligations under Leases which shall have been or must be, in accordance with GAAP, recorded as capital Leases in respect of which any member of the Company Group is liable as lessee; (e) all obligations under interest rate protection agreements (valued on a market quotation basis); (f) all obligations secured by a perfected lien or non-appealable judgment; (g) all indebtedness or obligations of the types referred to herein of a third Person secured by any Claim on any assets of any member of the Company Group, even though such member of the Company Group has not assumed or otherwise become liable for the payment thereof; (h) any Guaranty of a third Person in connection with any of the foregoing, even though such member of the Company Group has not assumed or otherwise become liable for the payment thereof; (i) all indebtedness to equity or other security holders, including Sellers, payment obligations with respect to stock appreciation rights, phantom stock obligations and similar obligations; and (j) any interest, fees and other expenses owed related to any of the foregoing, including prepayment premiums or penalties, consent fees, or other amounts with respect to such indebtedness becoming due as a result of the Transactions; but excluding Company Transaction Costs.
"
Company Group
" has the meaning set forth in the preamble.
"
Company Group Intellectual Property
" means all of the Intellectual Property owned or licensed by, purported to be owned or licensed by, or filed in the name of, any member of the Company Group.
"
Company Group's Knowledge
" means the actual knowledge of the Persons listed on Annex I hereto, in each case with such additional knowledge as such Person would acquire after having undertaken due inquiry and reasonable investigation.
"
Company Insurance Policies
" has the meaning provided in
Section 4.21
.
"
Company Third Party Consents
" has the meaning provided in
Section 4.7(b)
.
"
Company Transaction Costs
" means all Change of Control Payments and all of the unpaid fees, expenses and other similar amounts for the provision of services prior to the Closing that have been or are expected to be incurred on behalf of any member of the Company Group, or Sellers' Representative on or prior to the Closing Date in connection with or arising from the Transactions, and any fees of Sellers' counsel, brokers or finders, accountants, investment bankers and other professional advisors and any fees paid or payable to any Governmental Authority or other Person, limited however, to obligations of the members of the Company Group, Sellers' Representative or Sellers or for obligations for which Buyer could become liable in any manner resulting from the consummation of the Transactions.
"
Conclusive Statement
" has the meaning provided in
Section 2.3(d)
.
"
Consolidated Net Assets
" means Current Assets,
plus
Long-term Liquid Assets,
minus
Liabilities.
"
Consolidated Net Assets Target
" has the meaning provided in
Section 2.3(b)
.
"
Contingent IP Liability
" means any liability, cost or and expense (including reasonable attorneys' fees) related to or arising out of claims for patent infringement threatened or made by that certain entity described on
Schedules 4.15(a)
.
"
Contracts
" means understandings, agreements, commitments, obligations, arrangements, indentures, undertakings, deeds, mortgages, options, loans, Leases or licenses, written or oral.
"
Current Assets
" means the current assets of the Company Group, including, for the avoidance of doubt, Cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, inventory, investments, and prepaid expenses, but excluding inter-company receivables, as determined in accordance with GAAP.
"
Customers
" has the meaning provided in
Section 2.4(b)
.
"
Disclosure Schedules
" has the meaning provided in the introductory paragraph to
Article IV
.
"
Disputed Items
" has the meaning provided in
Section 2.3(c)
.
"
Due Date
" means the applicable date that a Person is required to file a Tax Return, taking into account all applicable extensions.
"
Earn-out Cash Component
" has the meaning set forth in
Section 2.4(a)(i)
.
"
Earn-out Consideration
" has the meaning set forth in
Section 2.4(a)
.
"
Earn-out Revenue Target
" has the meaning set forth in
Section 2.4(b)(i)
.
"
Earn-out Stock Component
" has the meaning set forth in
Section 2.4(a)(ii)
.
"
Employee
" has the meaning provided in
Section 4.16(a)
.
"
Employment Agreements
" has the meaning provided in
Section 3.2(a)(xii).
"
Employment NDAs"
has the meaning provided in
Section 7.15
.
"
Enforceability Exceptions
" has the meaning provided in
Section 4.2
.
"
Environmental Rule
" means any Law that relates to Hazardous Substances, pollution, restoration, or protection of the environment (including ambient air, indoor air, water vapor, surface water, groundwater, wetlands, drinking water supply, land surface, or subsurface strata and biota), and natural resources, including without limitation any Law relating to the generation, use, processing, treatment, storage, release or threatened release, transport, handling, presence, recycling, or disposal of, or exposure to Hazardous Substances and any common laws of nuisance, negligence and strict liability relating thereto, together with all rules, regulations and orders issued thereunder, as any of the same may be amended.
"
ERISA
" means the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended.
"
ERISA Affiliate
" means any trade or business (whether or not incorporated) which, together with the Company would be treated as a single employer under Section 414 of the Code or Section 4001 of ERISA.
"
Escrow Account
" has the meaning set forth in
Section 2.2(a)(i)
.
"
Escrow Agent
" means that certain escrow agent to be mutually agreed upon by the Parties.
"
Escrow Agreement
" means that certain escrow agreement to be mutually agreed upon by the Parties.
"
Escrow Amount
" has the meaning set forth in
Section 2.2(a)(i)
.
"
Escrow Shares
" has the meaning set forth in
Section
2.2(a)(ii)
.
"
Estimated Consolidated Net Assets
" has the meaning set forth in
Section 2.3(a)
.
"
Estimated Reduction Amount
" has the meaning set forth in
Section 2.2(b)(i)
.
"
Exchange Rate
" means, as of a date, the foreign exchange rate between the US dollar and any applicable relevant non-U.S. currency, which rate is obtained from either oanda.com or xe.com.
"
Financial Reference Date
" has the meaning provided in
Section 4.9
.
"
Financial Statements
" has the meaning provided in
Section 4.8(a)
.
"
FIRPTA Certificate
" has the meaning set forth in
Section 3.2(a)(xi)
.
"
Foreign Plan
" has the meaning provided in
Section 4.17(e)
.
"
Fundamental Representations
" means the representations and warranties contained in
Section 4.1
,
Section 4.2
,
Section 4.3
,
Section 4.5
,
Section 4.6
,
Section 4.15
,
Section 4.20
,
Section 4.24
,
Section 5.1
,
Section 5.2
and
Section 5.5
.
"
GAAP
" means United States generally accepted accounting principles, applied on a consistent basis; in no event shall any change to GAAP occurring after the date of this Agreement have any application to this Agreement or to any calculations made (or to be made) under this Agreement.
"
General Covenants
" means the covenants, agreements, and obligations contained in
Article VI
, but excluding
Section 6.1
,
Section 6.2
and
Section 6.8
.
"
Governmental Authority Official
" has the meaning set forth in
Section 4.25
.
"
Guaranty
" collectively means: (a) any guaranty of the payment or performance of any indebtedness or other obligation of any obligor; (b) any other arrangement whereby credit is extended to one obligor on the basis of any promise or undertaking of another Person, whether that promise or undertaking is expressed in terms of an obligation to pay the indebtedness of such obligor, or to purchase any obligation owed by such obligor, or to purchase or lease assets under circumstances that would enable such obligor to discharge one or more of its obligations, or to maintain the capital, working capital, solvency or general financial condition of such obligor, whether or not such arrangement is disclosed in the balance sheet of such other Person or is referred to in a footnote thereto; and (c) any other arrangement whereby the performance of another Person is assumed.
"
Hazardous Substance
" means any substance, pollutant, contaminant, chemical, oil, material of environmental concern, constituent, or toxic or hazardous substance or waste the generation, use, processing, treatment, storage, release, transport or disposal of which is defined by, any Environmental Rule; all pollutants, contaminants, hazardous, dangerous or toxic chemical materials, wastes or any other substance, including any industrial process or pollution control waste (whether or not hazardous within the meaning of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, as amended) which could pose a hazard to the environment or the health and safety of any Person, or impair the use or value of any portion of the Leased Real Property or any other property, including but not limited to asbestos or asbestos-containing materials, radioactive materials, and polychlorinated biphenyls.
"
Indemnitees
" has the meaning provided in
Section 8.2
.
"
Indemnitor
" has the meaning provided in
Section 8.4(b)
.
"
Indemnity Escrow Funds
" has the meaning provided in
Section 8.6
.
"
Indemnity Escrow Period
" has the meaning provided in
Section 8.6
.
"
Intellectual Property
" means: (a) Marks and rights thereto including, without limitation, registered Marks, applications for Marks and common law Marks; (b) patents, patent applications, patent disclosures and inventions, including continuations, divisional, continuations-in-part, renewals and reissues for any of the foregoing; (c) copyrights (registered or unregistered) and copyrightable works and registrations and applications for the registration thereof; (d) mask works and registrations and applications for registration thereof; (e) inventions, discoveries, processes, trade secrets, know how, methods, designs, drawings specifications, formulations, testing and standard operating procedures, maintenance and servicing manuals, quality control manuals and procedures and other intellectual property rights and intangible property, whether or not patentable, all useful information relating to the foregoing items, including, without limitation, technology, engineering, drawings, art work, reports, design information and practices, flow charts, diagrams, manuals, descriptive texts and programs, underlying tapes, documentation, and business information maintained in electronic format (the know-how); (f) computer software, data, data bases and documentation thereof; (g) all rights related to the Intellectual Property described in clauses (a) through (f) of this definition; and (h) all other intellectual and industrial property rights of any sort throughout the world, including all applications, registrations, issuances and the like with respect thereto.
"
Internal Revenue Service
" or "
IRS
" means the United States Internal Revenue Service.
"
Law
" or "
Laws
" means, at the applicable time, each provision of any then currently existing federal, state, regional, provincial, local or foreign laws, including any statute, standard, ordinance, act, code, order, rule, regulation, constitutional provision, decree, promulgation or common law (including, without limitation, Environmental Rules) of any Governmental Authority, and each term of any order, judgment, award or decree then currently existing of any court, arbitrator or tribunal of any Governmental Authority (including, without limitation, the United States Patent and Trademark Office).
"
Leased Real Property
" has the meaning provided in
Section 4.11(b)
.
"
Leases
" has the meaning provided in
Section 4.11(b)
.
"
Liabilities
" means the total consolidated liabilities of the Company Group as determined in accordance with GAAP, but excluding (i) that certain loan between Inter-Cloud and Pentasoft, which will be repaid in full on or before Closing by Sellers, and (ii) Contingent IP Liability.
"
Liens
" means any and all liens, charges, mortgages, pledges, easements, encumbrances, security interests, matrimonial or community interests, tenancy by the entirety Claims, adverse Claims, or any other title defects or restrictions of any kind.
"
Lock-Up
" has the meaning provided in
Section 2.2(c)
.
"
Long-term Liquid Assets
" means any assets of the Company Group that are not Current Assets, would be classified as long-term in accordance with GAAP, and can be converted to cash immediately using existing markets, including marketable equity or debt securities.
"
Loss
" or "
Losses
" has the meaning provided in
Section 8.1
.
"
Mark
" means any trademark, service mark, trade dress, trade name, internet website domain name (with respect to the domain name, to the extent used to identify the source of goods and services), logo and registered, assumed or fictitious names and all applications and registrations therefor.
"
Material Adverse Effect
" means any event, change, circumstance or effect that is, or would reasonably be expected to be materially adverse to the business, financial condition, assets, operations or liabilities of the Company Group taken as a whole, excluding, however, any event, change, circumstance or effect resulting or arising solely from: (a) changes in business or economic conditions affecting the economy of any jurisdiction in which a member of the Company Group operates or global economy or capital or financial markets generally or changes in conditions in the industries in which any member of the Company Group operates; (b) effects or changes related to or resulting from any event as to which Buyer has provided written consent hereunder (provided that such consent is not the result of any material misstatement or material omission by the Company or Sellers); (c) national or international political or social conditions, including the engagement by any nation or state in which any member of the Company Group operates in hostilities, whether or not pursuant to the declaration of a national emergency or war, or the occurrence of any military or terrorist attack, including but not limited to upon the United States, or any of its territories, possessions, or diplomatic or consular offices or upon any of its military installations, equipment or personnel; (d) financial, banking, or securities markets (including any disruption thereof and any decline in the price of any security or any market index); (e) changes in accounting requirements or Law, or in each case, in the interpretation thereof, after the date hereof; or (f) the consummation of the Transactions or any actions by any Party taken pursuant to this Agreement or any actions taken by the Company Group at the request of Buyer; except in the case of clauses (a), (d), or (e), such event or change which disproportionately affects the Companies when compared to other similarly situated Persons operating in the same industries and in the same geographic locations in which the Companies operate.
"
Material Contracts
" has the meaning provided in
Section 4.12(a)
.
"
Multiemployer Plan
" has the meaning provided in
Section 4.17(c)
.
"
NDA
" has the meaning provided in
Section 12.16
.
"
Neutral Arbitrator
" has the meaning provided in
Section 2.3(d)
.
"
Non-Compete Restrictive Period
" has the meaning provided in
Section 7.11
.
"Ordinary Course of Business
" means the ordinary course of business of the Company Group, consistent with past practices.
"
Party
" or "
Parties
" have the meanings provided in the Preamble.
"
Pay-Off Documents
" means (i) payoff letters or other reasonable documentation for the repayment of all Closing Company Debt, in a form reasonably acceptable to Buyer, which shall indicate that the Company Group lenders have agreed to release immediately all applicable Liens relating to the assets and property of all members of the Company Group, including the redelivery of any stock certificates held pursuant to any such terminated stock pledge agreements and (ii) statements of satisfaction in full from any recipient of any member of the Company Group Transaction Costs or other reasonable documentation evidencing same.
"
Payout Percentage
" has the meaning set forth in
Section 2.4(b)(ii)
.
"
Pension Plan
" has the meaning provided in
Section 4.17(c)
.
"
Permit
" or "
Permits
" has the meaning provided in
Section 4.14(b)
.
"
Permitted Lien
" means (i) those items set forth in
Schedule 4.11(b)
, (ii) statutory Liens for current Taxes not yet due and payable or, as set forth on
Schedule 1.1(c)
, being contested in good faith by appropriate procedures and for which appropriate reserves have been reflected in the Financial Statements in accordance with GAAP; (iii) mechanics, carriers', workmen's, repairmen's or other like Liens arising or incurred in the Ordinary Course of Business; (iv) easements, rights of way, zoning ordinances and other similar encumbrances affecting Real Property; or (v) Liens arising under original purchase price conditional sales contracts and equipment leases with third parties as set forth on
Schedule 1.1(d)
.
"
Person
" means an individual, partnership, limited partnership, limited liability partnership, corporation, limited liability company, association, trust, joint venture, unincorporated organization, and any Governmental Authority or other legal entity or organization of any kind.
"
Post-Closing Period
" means any taxable period beginning after the Closing Date.
"
Post-Closing Taxes
" means any and all Taxes imposed on any member of the Company Group for any taxable year or period that begins after the Closing Date and, with respect to any Straddle Period, the portion of such Straddle Period beginning after the Closing Date (determined in accordance with
Section 7.6(b)
).
"
Pre-Closing Period Tax Return
" means any Tax Return relating to a Pre-Closing Tax Period.
"
Pre-Closing Tax Period
" means any taxable period ending on or before the Closing Date.
"
Pre-Closing Taxes
" means, without duplication: (a) any and all Taxes of or imposed on any member of the Company Group for any and all Pre-Closing Tax Periods; (b) any and all Taxes of or imposed on any member of the Company Group for any and all portions of Straddle Periods ending on the Closing Date (determined in accordance with
Section 7.6(b)
); (c) any and all Taxes of an "affiliated group" (as defined in Section 1504 of the Code) (or affiliated, consolidated, unitary, combined or similar group under applicable state, local or foreign Law) of which any member of the Company Group (or any predecessor of any member of the Company Group) is or was a member on or prior to the Closing Date, including pursuant to Treasury Regulations Section 1.1502-6 (or any predecessor or successor thereof or any analogous or similar state, local or foreign Law); (d) any and all Transfer Taxes required to be paid by Sellers pursuant to
Section 7.1
; (e) any and all Taxes of or imposed on Buyer or any of its Affiliates (including any member of the Company Group) as a result of an inclusion under Section 951(a) of the Code (or any similar provision of state or local Law) attributable to (i) "subpart F income," within the meaning of Section 952 of the Code (or any similar provision of state or local Law) received or accrued on or prior to the Closing Date that is related or attributable to any member of the Company Group or (ii) the holding of "United States property," within the meaning of Section 956 of the Code (or any similar provision of state or local Law) on or prior to the Closing Date that is related or attributable to any member of the Company Group, in each case, determined as if the taxable years of the members of the Company Group ended on the Closing Date; and (f) any and all Taxes required to be deducted and withheld with respect to payments made by Buyer to Sellers (or by any member of the Company Group to Sellers) (or in connection with the Transactions, including the exercise of options or payment of stock) pursuant to applicable Tax Laws in connection with the Transactions; but in each case excluding any and all Business Combination Expenses. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary set forth herein, Pre-Closing Taxes means the amount of Taxes which would have been payable or paid without taking into account any carryback of any Tax attribute (including any net operating loss carryback) arising in any Tax period ending after the Closing.
"
Proceeding
" means any judicial, administrative or arbitral actions, suits or proceedings (public or private) by or before any Governmental Authority or before any arbitrator, mediator or other alternative dispute resolution provider pursuant to any collective bargaining agreement, contractual agreement or Law, and including any audit or examination, or other administrative or court proceeding with respect to Taxes or Tax Returns.
"
Proprietary Information
" has the meaning provided in
Section 7.15
"
Purchase Price
" has the meaning provided in
Section 2.2
.
"
Reduction Factor
" has the meaning provided in
Section 2.2(b)
.
"
Reduction Statement
" has the meaning set forth in
Section 2.2(b)(ii)
.
"
Regulatory Consents and Notices
" has the meaning provided in
Section 4.7(b)
.
"
Released Claims
" has the meaning provided in
Section 7.14
.
"
Required Consents
" has the meaning provided in
Section 3.2(f)
.
"
Resolution Period
" has the meaning provided in
Section 2.3(c)
.
"
Restrictive Covenants
" has the meaning provided in
Section 3.2(a)(xii)
.
"
Retained Claims
" has the meaning provided in
Section 7.14
.
"
Rules
" has the meaning provided in
Section 11.1
.
"
Seller Indemnitees
" has the meaning provided in
Section 8.2
.
"
Seller Releasor
" has the meaning provided in
Section 7.14
.
"
Seller Reserve Amount
" has the meaning provided in
Section 2.2(a)(i)
.
"
Sellers
" has the meaning provided in the Preamble.
"
Sellers' Representative
" has the meaning provided in
Section 9.1
.
"
Shares
" means all of the issued and outstanding shares of capital stock or equity interests of each entity comprising the Company Group.
"
SMTP Service Revenue
" has the meaning provided in
Section 2.4(b)
.
"
Stock Escrow Amount
" has the meaning provided in
Section 2.2(a)(i)
.
"
Straddle Period
" means any taxable year or period beginning on or before and ending after the Closing Date.
"
Straddle Period Tax Return
" means any Tax Return relating to a Straddle Period.
"
Survival Period
" has the meaning provided in
Section 8.3(a)
.
"
Tax
" or "
Taxes
" means any and all: (a) taxes, charges, withholdings, fees, levies, imposts, duties and governmental fees or other like assessments or charges of any kind whatsoever in the nature of taxes, imposed by any United States federal, state, local or foreign or other Taxing Authority (including those related to income, net income, gross income, receipts, capital, windfall profit, severance, property (real and personal), production, sales, goods and services, use, business and occupation, license, excise, registration, franchise, employment, payroll (including social security contributions), deductions at source, withholding, alternative or add-on minimum, intangibles, ad valorem, transfer, gains, capital gains, stamp, customs, duties, estimated, transaction, title, capital, paid-up capital, profits, premium, value added, recording, inventory and merchandise, business privilege, federal highway use, commercial rent or environmental tax, and any liability under unclaimed property, escheat, or similar Laws); (b) interest, penalties, fines, additions to tax or additional amounts imposed by any Taxing Authority in connection with (i) any item described in clause (a), or (ii) the failure to comply with any requirement imposed with respect to any Tax Return; and (c) liability in respect of any items described in clause (a) and/or (b) payable by reason of contract (including any Tax Sharing Agreement), assumption, transferee, successor or similar liability (including bulk transfer or similar Laws), operation of law (including pursuant to Treasury Regulations Section 1.1502-6 (or any predecessor or successor thereof or any analogous or similar state, local, or foreign Law)) or otherwise.
"
Tax Claim Notice
" has the meaning set forth in
Section 7.7(a)
.
"
Tax Contest
" has the meaning set forth in
Section 7.7(a)
.
"
Tax Return
" means any return, declaration, form, report, Claim, informational return (including all Forms 1099) or statement required to be filed with any Governmental Authority with respect to Taxes, including any schedule or attachment thereto or amendment thereof.
"
Tax Sharing Agreement
" means any Tax indemnity agreement, Tax sharing agreement, Tax allocation agreement or similar contract or arrangement, whether written or unwritten (including, without limitation, any such agreement, contract or arrangement included in any purchase or sale agreement, merger agreement, joint venture agreement or other document).
"
Taxing Authority
" or "
Tax Authorities
" means, with respect to any Tax or Tax Return, any Governmental Authority exercising Tax authority that imposes such Tax or requires a Person to file such Tax Return and the agency (if any) charged with the collection or assessment of such Tax or the administration of such Tax Return, in each case, for such Governmental Authority.
"
Termination Fee
" has the meaning provided in
Section 10.2
.
"
Third Party Claim
" means any Claim which is asserted or threatened by a Person other than the Parties, their successors and permitted assigns against any Indemnitee or to which any Indemnitee is subject.
"
Transactions
" means the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, including, for the avoidance of doubt, the purchase and sale of the Shares in accordance with this Agreement.
"
Transfer Taxes
" has the meaning set forth in
Section 7.1
.
"
Treasury Regulations
" means the Treasury Regulations promulgated under the Code, as such Treasury Regulations may be amended from time to time. Any reference herein to a particular provision of the Treasury Regulations means, where appropriate, the corresponding successor provision.
1.2
Interpretation
. In this Agreement (unless the context requires otherwise):
(a)
All references to statutory provisions shall be construed as meaning and
including
references to (i) any statutory modification, consolidation
or
re-enactment made after the date of this
Agreement
and for the time being in force; (ii) all statutory instruments
or
orders made pursuant to a statutory provision; and (iii) any statutory provision of which these statutory provisions are a consolidation, re-enactment
or
modification;
(b)
Words denoting the singular shall
include
the plural and words denoting any gender shall
include
all genders;
(c)
Headings, subheadings, titles, subtitles to Articles, Sections, sub-sections, clauses and paragraphs are for information only, and shall not form part of the operative provisions of this
Agreement or
the annexures
hereto
and shall be ignored in construing the same;
(d)
References to recitals, Sections, Articles, clauses, schedules
or
exhibits are, unless the context otherwise requires, references to recitals, Sections, articles, clauses, schedules and exhibits to this
Agreement
;
(e)
The words "
include
" and "
including
" are to be construed without limitation;
(f)
The term "
hereof
," "
herein
," "
hereto
," "
hereunder
,"
or
similar expressions used in this
Agreement
mean and refer to this
Agreement
and not to any particular Section in this
Agreement
;
(g)
All references to
Contracts
, documents
or
other instruments
include
(subject to all relevant approvals) a reference to that
Contract
, document
or
instrument as amended, supplemented, substituted, novated,
or
assigned from time to time;
(h)
The word "
or
" is not exclusive and is deemed to have the meaning "
and/or
";
(i)
All references to payments in this
Agreement
shall be payments in
U.S.
dollars; and
(j)
Any capitalized term used but not defined in a
Schedule or
Exhibit to this
Agreement
shall have the meaning set forth in this
Agreement
.
1.3
Disclosure Schedules
.
The Parties acknowledge and agree that any exception to a representation and warranty contained in this Agreement that is disclosed in any section of the Disclosure Schedules under the caption referencing such representation and warranty shall be deemed to also be an exception to each other representation and warranty of the Company Group contained in this Agreement to the extent that it would be reasonably apparent to Buyer that such exception is applicable to such other representation and warranty.
ARTICLE II
SALE, PURCHASE AND
PURCHASE PRICE
2.1
Sale and Purchase
.
Subject to the satisfaction of the conditions precedent set forth in
Section 3.2
and
Section 3.3
, on the Closing Date (a) Sellers shall sell, transfer and assign to Buyer, or to its affiliated company as designated by the Buyer on or before the Closing Date, all of Sellers' right, title and interest in the Shares, in exchange for the payment by Buyer of the Purchase Price, and (b) Buyer shall purchase and take delivery of the Shares from Sellers. The Shares shall be sold, transferred and delivered to Buyer by Sellers at the Closing free and clear of any and all Liens, other than Permitted Liens.
2.2
Purchase Price
and Payment.
(a)
The aggregate
purchase price
payable by
Buyer
at
Closing
as consideration for the sale and transfer of the
Shares
, subject to adjustment as contemplated
herein
, (the "
Purchase Price
" ) shall be payable as follows:
(i)
$2,600,000 in
cash
(A)
minus
twenty-two and one half percent (22.5%) of the $2,600,000 in
cash
(the "
Cash Escrow Amount
") that shall be paid to the account(s) designated by the
Escrow Agent
in writing in advance of
Closing
(the "
Escrow Account
"), which the Escrow Agent shall manage and disburse in accordance with the terms of the
Escrow Agreement
, (B)
minus
$100,000 (the "
Seller Reserve Amount
") that shall be deposited in a segregated
escrow account
controlled by the
Sellers' Representative
, (C)
plus
or
minus
, as applicable, one-half of any adjustments pursuant to
Section
2.3(b)
, (D)
minus
any cash converted to Common Stock pursuant to
Section
2.6
, and (E)
minus
Closing Company Debt
and
Company Transaction Costs
(the "
Closing Cash Payment
"), which
Closing Cash Payment
shall be paid
by wire transfer of immediately available funds to an account designated at least two (2)
Business Days
prior to the
Closing
by Sellers' Representative for further distribution to
Sellers
in accordance with
Schedule
2.2(a)(i)
.
(ii)
$2,600,000 in
Common Stock
of
Buyer
(A)
minus
twenty-two and one-half percent (22.5%) of the $2,600,000 in
common stock
of Buyer (the "
Stock Escrow Amount
", and together with the Cash Escrow Amount, the "
Escrow Amount
"), such
shares
of
Common Stock
(the "
Escrow Shares
") shall be delivered to the
Escrow Account
, which the
Escrow Agent
shall manage and disburse in accordance with the terms of the
Escrow Agreement
, (B)
plus
or
minus
, as applicable, one-half of any adjustments pursuant to
Section
2.3(b)
, and (C)
plus
127.5% of any
cash
converted to
Common Stock
pursuant to
Section
2.6
(the "
Closing Stock Payment
," and together with the
Closing Cash Payment
, the "
Base Purchase Price
"); which
Closing Stock Payment
shall be paid by delivery of common stock of Buyer ("
Common Stock
") to the Sellers at
Closing
, which Shares shall be allocated among the
Sellers
in the percentages set forth on
Schedule 2.2(a)(i)
. The number of
shares
of the
Common Stock
to be paid to
Sellers
shall be determined by dividing the
Closing Stock Payment
(as may be adjusted) by the
Buyer
's
average market closing price on NASDAQ
of the preceding ten (10) days immediately prior to
Closing
;
and
(iii)
the
Earn-out Consideration
pursuant to
Section
2.4
, if applicable.
(b)
The Base Purchase Price shall be subject to adjustment as provided in this
Section 2.2(b)
.
(i)
At Closing the Base Purchase Price payable by Buyer shall be decreased by the amount determined by multiplying the Base Purchase Price by (100% minus the Reduction Factor as estimated, in good faith, by Sellers' Representative) (the "
Estimated Reduction Amount
"). The Estimated Reduction Amount shall be deducted
pro rata
from the Closing Cash Payment and the Closing Stock Payment (including any Additional Stock Payment) based on the respective proportions of the Base Purchase Price made up by each.
(ii)
Promptly following the completion of the 2014 audited
financial statements
for the Company Group,
Buyer
, if the
Closing
has occurred,
or
Sellers' Representative, if the
Closing
has not occurred, will deliver to the other
party
a written statement (the "
Reduction Statement
") setting forth the
Actual Reduction Factor
, the
Actual Reduction Amount
, and the amount required to be paid by
Buyer
to
Sellers or
released from the
Escrow Amount
to
Buyer
pursuant to this
Section
2.2(b)(ii)
. If the
Actual Reduction Amount
is less than the Estimated Reduction Amount,
Buyer
shall pay the difference to
Sellers' Representative
for further distribution to
Sellers
in accordance with
Schedule
2.2(a)(i)
within ten (10) days after delivery or receipt of the Reduction Statement, as applicable
. If the
Actual Reduction Amount
is greater than the Estimated Reduction Amount,
Buyer
shall be entitled to immediately collect the difference from the
Escrow Account
in accordance
Article
VIII
and the
Escrow Agreement
.
(iii)
"
Reduction Factor
" means the average of the
2013 Reduction Factor
and the 2014 Reduction factor, which shall be calculated
based on the audited combined revenues, net income and EBITDA of the Company Group on a GAAP basis for the respective years
as follows:
(A)
The "
2013 Reduction Factor
" means a percentage calculated as follows using the combined 2013 revenues and 2013 net income of the
Company Group
:
2013 Reduction Factor = (2013 Revenues + Net Income) / (($3,975,000 + $518,000) * 95%)
If the above calculation results in a 2013 Reduction Factor of greater than 100%, the 2013 Reduction Factor will be reduced to 100%.
(B)
The "
2014 Reduction Factor
" means the percentage calculated as follows:
The 2014 Reduction Factor will be determined as the average of an earnings based reduction factor and a revenue based reduction factor:
The 2014 Reduction Factor =
The average of these two values:
(the estimated combined 2014 Revenues / 4,377,000)
and
(estimated combined 2014 EBITDA / $ 764,000)
or, if more favorable to Sellers (meaning the following value):
(the estimated combined 2014 Revenues / 4,377,000)
In the calculation of both the estimated and the actual (audited) combined EBITDA for 2014, the following costs will be excluded: legal, advisory and audit costs associated with the Transactions, severance costs of employees terminated after execution of this Agreement, non-structural salary and fees paid to Sellers (also including the payments of, in total, 72,000 ZAR to Isa, as previously disclosed), excess rent associated with overlapping leases, reserves and legal costs associated with (alleged) patent infringement liabilities (as previously disclosed), including any Contingent IP Liability, the Participation Bonus as paid to the four iSMS minority shareholders in January 2014, any payments as a result of the Transactions or otherwise made pursuant to this Agreement, and payments to shareholders that will not continue post-Closing.
The Estimated Combined EBITDA for 2014 will be estimated based on the actual YTD operating results as determined through the last month ending at least 30 days prior to Closing using a methodology consistent with prior practices at the Company Group.
The Actual Reduction Amount will be added to the maximum amount of the Earn-Out Consideration to provide Sellers the opportunity to recoup amounts lost by virtue of applying the Reduction Factor.
(c)
Sellers
agree that twenty percent (20%) of the
shares
of
Common Stock
distributed to
Sellers
at
Closing
shall be locked up for the period from
Closing
through August 31, 2015 (the "
Lock-Up
") pursuant to a mutually agreeable
agreement
. The
Shares
that are subject to the
Lock-Up
shall be separate and apart from the
shares
comprising the
Stock Escrow Amount
.
(d)
Buyer
will pay,
or
cause to be paid at
Closing
, the amounts deducted from the
Base Purchase Price
for
Closing Company Debt
and
Company Transaction Costs
as have been set forth in writing by
Sellers' Representative
at least five (5)
Business Days
(and updated on the
Closing Date
) prior to
Closing
and for which
Pay-Off Documents
have been delivered to
Buyer
.
2.3
Consolidated Net Assets Adjustment.
(a)
Five (5) days prior to
Closing
, the Company Group shall cause to be prepared and delivered to
Buyer
a statement setting forth a good faith estimate of the
Consolidated Net Assets
of the Company Group as of the close of
business
on the
Closing
Date (the "
Estimated Consolidated Net Assets
"), as reasonably accepted by
Buyer
. The
Estimated Consolidated Net Assets
will be prepared in accordance with
GAAP
using, to the extent applicable the
Exchange Rate
, and shall be in the form set forth in
Schedule
2.3(a)
.
(b)
If the Estimated Consolidated Net Assets is less than $100,000 or, if Buyer pursues a Business Combination in connection with the Closing, $75,000 (the "
Consolidated Net Assets Target
"), and less than $100,000 of the Company Group's assets is cash, then the Base Purchase Price shall be reduced by the difference between the Consolidated Net Assets Target and the Estimated Consolidated Net Assets. If the Estimated Consolidated Net Assets is greater than the Consolidated Net Assets Target, then the Base Purchase Price shall be increased by the difference between the Consolidated Net Assets Target and the Estimated Consolidated Net Assets. One-half of any adjustment required by this
Section 2.3(b)
shall be applied to the portion of the Base Purchase Price allocated to the Closing Cash Payment and one-half shall be applied to the portion of the Base Purchase Price allocated to the Closing Stock Payment. In the event that there is no Business Combination, any adjustment required by this
Section 2.3(b)
shall be applied
pro rata
to Closing Cash Payment and the Closing Stock Payment based on the respective proportions of the Base Purchase Price made up by each, and in the event of a Business Combination, 100% of any adjustment required by this
Section 2.3(b)
shall be applied to the portion of the Base Purchase Price allocated to the Closing Stock Payment.
(c)
Within sixty (60) days after the Closing Date, Buyer shall cause to be prepared and delivered to Sellers' Representative a statement setting forth the Consolidated Net Assets of the Company Group, determined in accordance with GAAP, and using to the extent applicable the Exchange Rate, as of the close of business on the Closing Date (the "
Closing Statement
", which statement shall be in the form set forth in
Schedule 2.3(a)
).
After receipt of the
Closing Statement
,
Sellers
shall have thirty (30) days to review the
Closing Statement
. Unless
Sellers' Representative
delivers written notice to
Buyer
setting forth the specific items disputed by
Sellers
on
or
prior to the thirtieth (30th) day after the date of the
Closing Statement
, (delivered in accordance with
Section
12.2
)
,
Sellers
will be deemed to have accepted and agreed to the
Closing Statement
and such
Closing Statement
(and the calculations contained therein) will be final, binding and conclusive. If
Sellers' Representative
notifies
Buyer
of
Sellers
' objections to specific items contained in the
Closing Statement
(
or
specific calculations contained therein) within such thirty (30) day period,
Buyer and Sellers' Representative
shall, within thirty (30) days following delivery of such notice by Sellers' Representative to
Buyer
(the "
Resolution Period
"), attempt in good faith to resolve their differences with respect to the
disputed items
(
or
calculations) specified in the notice (the "
Disputed Items
"), and all other items (and all calculations relating thereto) will be final, binding and conclusive. Any resolution by
Buyer
and
Sellers' Representative
during the
Resolution Period
as to any
Disputed Item
shall be set forth in writing and will be final, binding and conclusive.
(d)
If
Buyer
and
Sellers' Representative
do not resolve all
Disputed Items
by the end of the
Resolution Period
(
or
such longer period as they may mutually agree), then all
Disputed Items
remaining in dispute will be submitted within thirty (30) days after the expiration of the
Resolution Period
to such U.S. national independent accounting firm mutually acceptable to Buyer and Sellers' Representative (the "
Neutral Arbitrator
"). The
Neutral Arbitrator
shall act as an arbitrator to determine only those
Disputed Items
remaining in dispute, consistent with this
Section
2.3(d)
, and shall request a statement from
Buyer
, on the one hand, and
Sellers' Representative
on behalf of
Sellers
, on the other hand, regarding such
Disputed Items
. In resolving each
Disputed Item
, the
Neutral Arbitrator
may not assign a value to any
Disputed Item
greater than the greatest value for such
Disputed Item
claimed by any
Party or
less than the lowest value for such
Disputed Item
claimed by any
Party
. All fees and expenses of the
Neutral Arbitrator
in connection with its work on the
Disputed Items
shall be allocated between
Buyer
, on the one hand, and
Sellers
, on the other hand, in the same proportion that the aggregate amount of the
Disputed Items
so submitted to the
Neutral Arbitrator
that is unsuccessfully disputed by each such
Party
(as finally determined by the
Neutral Arbitrator
) bears to the total amount of such
Disputed Items
so submitted.
Buyer
and
Sellers
shall give the
Neutral Arbitrator
reasonable access to documents, records, work papers, facilities and personnel as reasonably necessary to perform its function as arbitrator. If any
Party
fails to submit a supporting brief regarding any
Disputed Item
submitted to the
Neutral Arbitrator
within the time set forth above
or
otherwise fails to give the
Neutral Arbitrator
access as reasonably requested, then the
Neutral Arbitrator
shall render a decision based solely on the evidence timely submitted and the access afforded to the
Neutral Arbitrator
by Buyer and Sellers' Representative. The
Parties
will use commercially reasonable efforts to cause the
Neutral Arbitrator
to deliver to
Buyer
and
Sellers' Representative
a written determination (such determination to
include
a work sheet setting forth all material calculations used in arriving at such determination and to be based solely on information provided to the
Neutral Arbitrator
by
Buyer
and
Sellers
) of the
Disputed Items
submitted to the
Neutral Arbitrator
within thirty (30) days of the
Neutral Arbitrator
's receipt of such
Disputed Items
, which determination will be final, binding and conclusive absent manifest error. The final, binding and conclusive
Closing Statement
based either upon
agreement or
deemed
agreement
by
Buyer
and
Sellers or
the written determination delivered by the
Neutral Arbitrator
in accordance with this
Section
2.3(d)
shall be the "
Conclusive Statement
" and the
Consolidated Net Assets
amount set forth thereon shall be the "
Actual Consolidated Net Assets
."
(e)
If the
Actual Consolidated Net Assets
is less than the
Estimated Consolidated Net Assets
, Sellers' Representative shall cause, within five (5)
Business Days
after determination thereof, the
Escrow Agent
to pay the amount of the difference between such values from the
Escrow Account
to
Buyer
by wire transfer of immediately available funds to the account designated in writing by the
Buyer
, following actual
or
deemed receipt of the Conclusive Statement
. If the
Actual Consolidated Net Assets
is greater than the
Estimated Consolidated Net Assets
,
Buyer
shall, within five (5)
Business Days
after determination thereof, pay the amount of the difference between such values to
Seller's Representative
by wire transfer of immediately available funds to the account designated in writing by
Sellers' Representative
for further distribution to
Sellers
in accordance with
Schedule
2.2(a)(i)
, following actual
or
deemed receipt of the Conclusive Statement.
(f)
The
Closing Statement
and the determinations and calculations contained therein shall be prepared and calculated on a consolidated basis for the
Company Group
in accordance with
GAAP
as in effect on the date of this
Agreement
, and using to the extent applicable the
Exchange Rate
, except that such statements, calculations and determinations shall not
include
any purchase accounting.
(g)
Any payments made by
Sellers
pursuant to this
Section
2.3
shall be treated for all
Tax
purposes as increases
or
reductions to the
Purchase Price
paid for the
Shares
.
2.4
Earn-out Consideration
.
(a)
In addition to the
Base Purchase Price
,
Sellers
shall be entitled to additional earn-out consideration (the "
Earn-out Consideration
") in the amount of up to $600,000 plus the
Actual Reduction Amount
, which shall be earned and is payable as follows:
(i)
$50% in
cash
(the "
Earn-out Cash Component
"), subject to adjustment based on certain post-
Closing
revenue achievement as described in
Section
2.4(b)
, and payable within ten (10) days of the completion of the audit of the
financial statements
of
Buyer
for the
fiscal year ending December 31
, 2015 (the "
2015 Financial Statements
"); and
(ii)
$50% in Common Stock
(the "
Earn-out Stock Component
"), subject to adjustment based on certain post-
Closing
revenue achievement as described in
Section
2.4(b)
, the number of
shares
of
Common Stock
of which shall be determined by dividing the
Earn-out Stock Component
(as may be adjusted) by the
average market closing price on NASDAQ
of the ten (10) trading days immediately prior to the date of issuance, and issuable within ten (10) days of the completion of the audit of the
2015 Financial Statements
;
provided
,
however
, that
Buyer
may elect to pay to
Sellers
the
Earn-out Stock Component
in the form of
cash
instead of
Common Stock
, and
Buyer
may elect to defer any necessary
or
required shareholder approval of the
Earn-out Stock Component
until after
Closing
.
(b)
The adjustments to the Earn-out Cash Consideration shall be made based on Buyer's audit of its revenues for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2015, in accordance with GAAP from the sum (such sum, the "
Achieved Relevant 2015 Revenues
") of (A) sales of the Company Group's GraphicMail or white label software and (B) 35% of the sales of Buyer's SMTP relay services to customers, resellers, distributors and partners (together, the "
Customers
") outside of the United States through Buyer's and the Company Group's sales channels (the "
SMTP Service Revenue
")
as follows:
(i)
The full value of the
Earn-out Consideration
shall be paid and issued if and only if the
Achieved Relevant 2015 Revenues
equal
or
exceed $6,563,000 (the "
Earn-out Revenue Target
");
(ii)
If
Achieved Relevant 2015 Revenues
are less than the
Earn-out Revenue Target
and provided that
Achieved Relevant 2015 Revenues
are greater than $6,016,000, a portion of the Earn-out Consideration (the "
Payout Percentage
") shall be provided by
Buyer
to
Sellers
as follows:
Payout Percentage = (Achieved Relevant 2015 Revenues - $6,016,000) / ($547,000)
Provided
, that the Payout Percentage may not be greater than 100% and the Payout Percentage will be rounded up or down to the closest 1%. The Earn-out Cash Component and Earn-out Stock Component will each be adjusted by multiplying them by the Payout Percentage;
(iii)
Achieved Relevant 2015 Revenues
shall
include
license fees, service revenues and recognized subscription revenues for the use of software, overage charges, set up fees, and service charges that
Customers
may incur in conjunction with the normal use of a subscription service and revenues from pay-as-you-go plans in which
Customers
are subscribed and recognized in accordance with
GAAP
,
provided
, the following shall not be included in calculating
Achieved Relevant 2015 Revenues
: (A) Booked revenues, gross bookings,
or
other credits not recognized as revenue under
GAAP
and (B) other unusual
or
one-off revenue items such as the sale
or
long term lease
or
license of
assets
.
(iv)
Notwithstanding anything to the contrary
herein
, if the revenue growth of SMTP
Service Revenues
for the
fiscal year ending December 31
, 2015 over
fiscal year ending December 31
, 2014 is less than ten percent (10%), the SMTP
Service Revenues
shall be deemed to be $1,313,000 for purposes of determining
Achieved Relevant 2015 Revenues
.
2.5
Withholding
.
Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, each of Buyer, the Company Group, their respective Affiliates and Sellers' Representative is entitled to deduct and withhold or cause to be deducted and withheld from any amounts payable pursuant to this Agreement, such amounts as Buyer, the Company Group or any of their respective Affiliates or Sellers' Representative reasonably determines is required to be deducted and withheld with respect to the making of any such payment under the Code or the Treasury Regulations promulgated thereunder or any applicable provision of state, local or foreign Tax Law, including, without limitation, as a result of the payment of any amount to any option holder and/or as a compensatory payment. To the extent that amounts are so deducted and withheld, such deducted and withheld amounts are to be treated for all purposes of this Agreement as having been paid to the Person in respect of which such deduction and withholding was made. To the extent Buyer, the Company Group, any of their respective Affiliates or Sellers' Representative deducts and withholds or causes to be deducted and withheld any such amounts payable pursuant to this Agreement, Buyer, the Company Group, any such Affiliate or Sellers' Representative, as the case may be, shall remit (or cause to be remitted) to the appropriate Taxing Authority all such amounts deducted and withheld or caused to be deducted and withheld.
2.6
Alternative Business Combination
.
In the event that, instead of undertaking the acts contemplated in
Section 2.1
, Buyer elects to consolidate the Company Group and the Buyer itself with another entity ("CombinationCo") at the time of the Closing (a "Business Combination"), Sellers' agree to use their best commercially reasonable efforts to timely complete whatever undertakings or steps are necessary in order to consummate the Business Combination, including but not limited to forming CombinationCo in such jurisdiction as instructed by Buyer and causing CombinationCo to form one or more corporate subsidiaries in such jurisdictions as instructed by Buyer; provided, that Buyer shall be responsible for and shall reimburse the Company Group and Sellers for all costs and expenses incurred by the Company Group or Sellers in connection with such Business Combination, including any and all Taxes (including Transfer Taxes) incurred by the Company Group or the Sellers directly attributable to the execution of the Business Combination, whether occurring before or after Closing ("
Business Combination Expenses
"). In connection with the Business Combination, Buyer may reduce the Closing Cash Payment to no less than $1,300,000, replace the Cash Escrow Amount with Common Stock or stock of CombinationCo ("CombinationCo Stock") and pay the amount of such reduction (including the replacement of the Cash Escrow Amount) and all other upwards adjustments to the Purchase Price in Common Stock or CombinationCo Stock (the "Additional Stock Payment"), provided, that one of Buyer common stock would also be converted to one share of CombinationCo Stock on consummation of the Business Combination. For purposes of determining the number of shares of Common Stock or CombinationCo Stock required to be delivered to Sellers (or the Escrow Agent) for any Additional Stock Payment, such Common Stock or CombinationCo Stock shall be deemed to have a value equal to 1/1.275 of the average market closing price on NASDAQ of the Common Stock over the ten (10) days immediately preceding the date the shares are delivered to Sellers (or the Escrow Agent). In the event that the Business Combination is consummated, Buyer shall file a registration statement within ninety (90) days of the Closing for purposes of allowing the Sellers the ability to resell all Common Stock or CombinationCo Stock received in connection with the Transactions, subject to the restrictions imposed by the Lock-up and the Escrow Agreement. The Buyer agrees that if it elects to replace any cash payment obligations with an obligation to make an Additional Stock Payment, the entirety of the Cash Escrow Amount shall be replaced with Common Stock or CombinationCo Stock before any of the Closing Cash Payment is replaced with Common Stock or CombinationCo Stock. If the Closing does not occur on or prior to the 90th day following the date hereof, then the Closing Cash Payment will be increased by $50,000 and the Closing Stock Payment will be increased by $50,000 and the Earn-out Cash Component and the Earn-out Stock Component will be correspondingly reduced by the same amounts.
3.1
Closing
.
The closing of the Transactions (the "Closing") shall take place at the offices of Reed Smith LLP, 599 Lexington Avenue, 22nd Floor, New York, NY 10022, at 10:00 a.m., New York time, on the third (3rd) Business Day following the satisfaction or waiver of the conditions set forth in
Section 3.2
and
Section 3.3
(other than those conditions that by their terms must be satisfied on the Closing Date, or at such place and on such date and time as Buyer, the Company Group and Sellers' Representative shall mutually agree (such date on which the Closing occurs, the "Closing Date")). The Closing may be conducted by mail, courier or electronic means.
3.2
Conditions Precedent to Obligations of
Buyer
.
The obligations of Buyer to consummate the Transactions are subject to the satisfaction of the following conditions on or before the Closing Date, unless specifically waived in writing by Buyer prior to the Closing Date:
(a)
Deliverables
.
Sellers and Sellers' Representative
shall deliver
or
cause to be delivered to
Buyer
the following documents
or
instruments, which shall be in
form and substance reasonably satisfactory to Buyer
:
(i)
Certificates
with respect to each member of the
Company Group
, issued by the applicable states
or
jurisdictions in which such
Company
is
organized
, as of a date no more than fifteen (15) days prior to the
Closing Date
, stating that such
Company
is in good standing (
or
has a similar applicable status) under the
Laws
of such state
or
jurisdiction to the extent such a certificate is reasonably available and customarily provided in similar
transactions
in such jurisdiction, or a certified extract of the Register of Commerce for InterInbox SA;
(ii)
A certificate from the corporate Secretary (
or
similar officer) of each member of the
Company Group
dated as of the
Closing Date
and certifying: (A) that correct and complete copies of the
Charter
and the
Bylaws
of such
Company
are attached thereto; (B) that correct and complete copies of the resolutions of the board of directors (
or
similar governing body) of such
Company
approving this
Agreement
and the
Transactions
; and (C) that the condition set forth in
Section
3.2(g)
has been satisfied with respect to such
Company
;
(iii)
A certificate dated as of the
Closing Date
and signed by
Sellers' Representative
certifying that the conditions specified in
Section
3.2(b)
and
Section
3.2(c)
(each as to such
Seller
's obligations) have been satisfied, which certificate shall be deemed to be a representation and warranty made by
Sellers
to
Buyer
on the
Closing Date
for the purpose of inducing
Buyer
to consummate the
Transactions
and with knowledge that
Buyer
is relying on such certificate in determining to consummate the
Transactions
;
(iv)
The original share certificates for the
Shares
that are certificated (
or
affidavits of lost securities in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to
Buyer
) together with validly executed and duly stamped stock powers in favor of
Buyer and the share register for
InterInbox SA;
(v)
The
Financial Statements
;
(vi)
Written resignations, effective as of the
Closing Date
, of the officers and directors of each
Company
as may be requested by
Buyer
;
(vii)
The
Pay-Off Documents
;
(viii)
Evidence of termination of all
Affiliate Transactions
other than those set forth on
Schedule
6.6
;
(ix)
Evidence of termination by each member of the
Company Group
of all of such member of the
Company Group
's equity compensation plans (
including
all unvested options, warrants, restricted stock), if any;
(x)
The
Escrow Agreement
, duly executed by each of Sellers' Representative and the
Escrow Agent
;
(xi)
A certificate of non-foreign status complying with Treasury
Regulations Section 1.1445-2
(b) ("
FIRPTA Certificate
") from each
Seller
(notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this
Agreement
, if
Buyer
does not obtain a FIRPTA Certificate from any
Seller
,
Buyer
shall be entitled to proceed with the
Closing
and withhold from the portion of the
Purchase Price
(and any adjustment thereto) otherwise payable to a
Seller
that has not delivered a FIRPTA Certificate, the appropriate amounts required to be withheld pursuant to Section 1445 of the
Code
);
(xii)
Employment agreements executed by the executives and employees of the
Company Group
as identified by
Buyer
prior to
Closing and which are set forth on
Schedule 3.2(a)(xii)
, in such
form and substance reasonably satisfactory to Buyer
and each of the applicable executives
or
employees (the "
Employment Agreements
"),
including
with respect to the provisions contained in the
Employment Agreements
concerning
Restrictive Covenants
;
(xiii)
Such other instruments, certificates, consents
or
other documents as are reasonably necessary to carry out the
Transactions
and to comply with the terms
hereof
,
or
as required pursuant to the terms of this
Agreement
.
(b)
Representations and Warranties
. The representations and warranties set forth in
Article
IV
which are not qualified by materiality
or Material Adverse Effect
shall be true and correct in all material respects at and as of the
Closing Date
(except such representations and warranties that address matters only as of a specified date, which shall be true and correct in all material respects as of that specified date), and the representations and warranties set forth in
Article
IV
which are qualified by materiality
or Material Adverse Effect
shall be true and correct in all respects at and as of the
Closing Date
(except such representations and warranties that address matters only as of a specified date, which shall be true and correct in all respects as of that specified date).
(c)
Compliance with Covenants
.
Sellers
, Sellers' Representative and the Company Group shall have duly performed and complied in all material respects with all covenants, agreements and obligations required by this
Agreement
to be performed
or
complied with by them on
or
prior to the
Closing
.
(d)
Injunctions
. No litigation, order, enforcement action
or Claim
shall be pending
or
threatened against any
Party
seeking to enjoin,
or
to procure damages
or
fines as a result of, the consummation
or
the proposed consummation of the
Transactions
.
(e)
Absence of Change
. No fact, event
or
circumstance shall have occurred since the date of this
Agreement
which has had
or
would reasonably be expected to have, individually
or
in the aggregate, a
Material Adverse Effect
.
(f)
Consents and Approvals
.
Sellers
and
Sellers' Representative
shall have obtained and provided to
Buyer all Company Third Party Consents and all Regulatory Consents and Notices
(the "
Required Consents
"). All such
Required Consents
shall be in full force and effect as of the
Closing
.
(g)
Approvals
. This
Agreement
and the
Transactions
shall have been approved and adopted by the requisite affirmative vote of
Sellers
in accordance with the applicable
Laws
, the
Charter
and the
Bylaws
of each member of the
Company Group
.
3.3
Conditions Precedent to Obligations of
Sellers
, Sellers' Representative and
the Company Group
.
The obligations of Sellers, Sellers' Representative and the Company Group to consummate the Transactions are subject to the satisfaction of the following conditions on or before the Closing Date, unless specifically waived in writing by Sellers' Representative prior to the Closing Date:
(a)
Deliverables
.
Buyer
shall deliver
or
cause to be delivered to, in the case of
Section
3.3(a)(i)
,
Sellers, in the case of
Section 3.3(a)(ii)
, the
Escrow Agent
, and in the case of the remainder of
Section
3.3(a)
, Sellers' Representative, the following documents
or
instruments, which shall be in
form and substance reasonably satisfactory to Sellers' Representative
:
(i)
The
Base Purchase Price
, payable as contemplated by
Section
2.2
;
(ii)
The
Escrow Amount
, payable as contemplated by
Section
2.2
to an account of the
Escrow Agent
as set forth in the
Escrow Agreement
;
(iii)
A certificate from the corporate Secretary (
or
similar officer) of
Buyer
dated as of the
Closing Date
and certifying correct and complete copies of the resolutions of the board of directors approving this
Agreement
and the
Transactions
;
(iv)
A certificate from the corporate Secretary (
or
similar officer) of
Buyer
dated as of the
Closing Date
and certifying that the conditions specified in
Section
3.3(b)
and
Section
3.3(c)
have been satisfied, which certificate shall be deemed to be a representation and warranty made by
Buyer
to
Sellers
on the
Closing Date
for the purpose of inducing
Sellers
to consummate the
Transactions
and with knowledge that
Sellers
are relying on such certificate in determining to consummate the
Transactions
;
(v)
The
Escrow Agreement
duly executed by
Buyer
and the
Escrow Agent
; and
(vi)
Such other instruments, certificates, consents
or
other documents as are reasonably necessary to carry out the
Transactions
and to comply with the terms
hereof
,
or
as required pursuant to the terms of this
Agreement
.
(b)
Representations and Warranties
. The representations and warranties set forth in
Article
V
which are not qualified by materiality
or Material Adverse Effect
shall be true and correct in all material respects at and as of the
Closing Date
(except such representations and warranties that address matters only as of a specified date, which shall be true and correct in all material respects as of that specified date), and the representations and warranties set forth in
Article
V
which are qualified by materiality
or Material Adverse Effect
shall be true and correct in all respects at and as of the
Closing Date
(except such representations and warranties that address matters only as of a specified date, which shall be true and correct in all respects as of that specified date).
(c)
Compliance with Covenants
.
Buyer
shall have duly performed and complied in all material respects with all covenants, agreements and obligations required by this
Agreement
to be performed
or
complied with by them on
or
prior to the
Closing
.
(d)
Injunctions
. No litigation, order, enforcement action
or Claim
shall be pending
or
threatened against any
Party
seeking to enjoin,
or
to procure damages
or
fines as a result of, the consummation
or
the proposed consummation of the
Transactions
.
ARTICLE IV
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE
COMPANY
AND
SELLERS
Except as set forth in the Disclosure Schedules delivered by the Company Group to Buyer prior to the execution and delivery of this Agreement (the "
Disclosure Schedules
") or any Supplement thereto, the Company Group and the Sellers, jointly and severally (except with respect to the representations and warranties concerning each of the Sellers, in their individual capacity in
Sections 4.1
,
4.2
and
4.3
, for which Sellers, severally and not jointly), represent and warrant to Buyer, as of the date of this Agreement and as of the Closing Date, as follows:
4.1
Organization and Authority
of Sellers
and Sellers' Representative
.
Each of Sellers and Sellers' Representative who is an individual is of the age of consent and has the power and authority necessary to enter into, and perform his or her obligations under this Agreement and to consummate the Transactions. Each of Sellers and Sellers' Representative, which is an entity, is duly organized and validly existing under the Laws of its jurisdiction of incorporation or formation and has all necessary power and authority to execute and deliver this Agreement, to perform its obligations hereunder and to consummate the Transactions.
4.2
Authorization and Validity
.
This Agreement constitutes a legal, valid and binding agreement and obligation of each of Sellers and Sellers' Representative who is an individual, enforceable against such Seller and Sellers' Representative in accordance with its terms subject to bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium and similar Laws of general application relating to or affecting creditors' rights and to general equity principles (the "
Enforceability Exceptions
"). With respect to any Seller which is an entity, the execution and delivery of this Agreement by such Seller and the consummation by such Seller of the Transactions have been duly and validly authorized by all necessary corporate action, and no other corporate proceedings on the part of such Seller are necessary to authorize this Agreement or to consummate the Transactions. With respect to the Company Group, the execution and delivery of this Agreement by the Company Group and the consummation by the Company Group of the Transactions have been duly and validly authorized by all necessary corporate action, and no other corporate proceedings on the part of the Company Group are necessary to authorize this Agreement or to consummate the Transactions.
4.3
Title to Shares
.
Each Seller is the legal and beneficial owner of the Shares as set forth on
Schedule 4.3
, and has good and valid title to all such Shares. All of the Shares held by Sellers: (a) have been duly authorized and validly issued by the Company Group in compliance with all applicable Laws and the Charter and Bylaws of the Company Group; and (b) are fully paid-up and were not issued in contravention or conflict with any right of first offer or refusal, pre-emptive or other rights. The Shares held by Sellers are free of all Liens and, except for the restrictions contained in the Charter and the Bylaws, or which may be imposed under applicable Law, are free from transfer restrictions.
4.4
No Governmental Proceedings
or
Litigation
.
No Claim by any Governmental Authority is pending or, to the Company Group's Knowledge, has been threatened, against any of Sellers or the Company Group which may affect the validity or enforceability of this Agreement or the Transactions or the ability of Sellers or the Company Group to consummate this Agreement or the Transactions.
(a)
The
Company Group
's authorized and outstanding capital stock and the legal and beneficial owners of the
Shares
are set forth on
Schedule
4.5(a)
.
(b)
All of the
Shares
have been duly authorized, are validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable.
(c)
Except as set forth on
Schedule
4.5(c)
no member of the
Company Group
has any direct
or
indirect subsidiaries and no member of the
Company Group
holds, directly
or
indirectly, any ownership interest, any equity
or
other proprietary interest,
or
possess the right to acquire any such interest, contingent
or
otherwise, in any other
Person
.
(d)
Except as set forth on
Schedule
4.5(d)
, there are no authorized
or
outstanding options, warrants, convertible
or
exchangeable securities, calls, subscriptions
or
other rights relating to the
Shares or
obligating
Sellers or
the Company Group to issue, transfer
or
sell any
shares
of the capital stock of the
Company Group or
options, warrants
or
convertible
or
exchangeable securities with respect to any share of capital stock of the
Company Group
.
4.6
Corporate Organization
.
(a)
Each member of the
Company Group
is duly organized and validly existing under the
Laws
of its jurisdiction of incorporation
or
organization, and has all requisite corporate power and authority to own, lease and operate its
assets
, and to carry on its
business
as presently conducted.
(b)
Each member of the
Company Group
is duly qualified
or
licensed to transact
business
in each of the jurisdictions where such qualification
or
licensing is required by reason of the nature
or
location of the properties and
assets
owned, leased
or
operated by it
or
the
Business
, except where the failure to be qualified
or
licensed would not have a
Material Adverse Effect
.
Buyer
has been furnished complete and correct copies of the Charter and Bylaws of each member of the
Company Group
, in each case, as amended through the date
hereof
.
(c)
The corporate books (
including
all registers and minute books) of each member of the
Company Group
have been kept in compliance in all material respects with the requirements of
Laws
and are up-to-date, and any records of resolutions adopted by the stockholders and the board of directors of each member of the
Company Group
are included in the statutory books. The statutory books are in the possession (
or
under the
control
) of the
Company Group
.
(d)
No member of the
Company Group
is in violation
or
default of any provision of its
Charter or Bylaws
.
4.7
Non-Contravention; Consents
.
(a)
The execution and delivery of this
Agreement
does not, and the consummation of the
Transactions
, will not: (i) conflict with
or
result in a violation, contravention
or
breach of any of the terms, conditions
or
provisions of the
Charter or
the
Bylaws
of any member of the
Company Group
; (ii) to the
Company Group
's knowledge, violate any
Law
applicable to
Sellers or
any member of the
Company Group
;
or
(iii) subject to obtaining the Company Third Party Consents, conflict with,
or
result in the breach of,
or
constitute a default under,
or permit or
result in the termination, cancellation
or
acceleration (whether after the giving of notice
or
the lapse of time
or
both) of any right
or
obligation of any member of the
Company Group
under,
or
result in the creation of any
Liens
upon any of the
assets
of any member of the
Company Group
under,
or
result in
or
constitute a circumstance which, with
or
without notice
or
lapse of time
or
both, would constitute any of the foregoing under, any
Material Contract
.
(b)
Except for: (i) the approvals required to be obtained from,
or
given to,
Governmental Authorities
described on
Schedule
4.7(b)(i)
(the "
Regulatory Consents and Notices
"); and (ii) the approvals required to be obtained from the third
parties
described on
Schedule
4.7(b)(ii)
(the "
Company Third Party Consents
"), no approval of any
Governmental Authority or
other
Person
under any
Material Contract
is required to be obtained
or
given by any member of the Company Group
or Sellers
in connection with the performance of this
Agreement
. The board of directors of each member of the
Company Group
has approved the execution and delivery of this
Agreement
by such member of the
Company Group
and the consummation of the
Transactions
.
4.8
Financial Statements
.
(a)
Attached as
Schedule 4.8(a)
hereto are true and complete copies of: (i) the annual financial statements of each member of the Company Group for the fiscal year ending in 2013 and 2012 (the "
Financial Statements
"). The Financial Statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the each member of the Company Group as of the respective dates thereof and the results of operations of each member of the Company Group for the periods covered thereby, subject to, in the case of interim financial statements, normal and recurring year-end adjustments (the effect of which will not be materially adverse) and the absence of notes.
(b)
Each member of the
Company Group
has devised and maintained systems of internal accounting controls with respect to its businesses sufficient to provide reasonable assurances that: (i) all
transactions
are executed in accordance with management's general
or
specific authorization; and (ii) all
transactions
are recorded as necessary to
permit
the accurate preparation of
financial statements
and to maintain proper accountability for items.
(c)
Schedule
4.8(c)
contains a true and accurate detailed list of each member of the
Company Group
's deferred revenue and each
Contract
related thereto.
4.9
Undisclosed
Liabilities
.
Except as set forth on
Schedule 4.9
, no member of the Company Group has any liability of a nature required to be disclosed in a balance sheet prepared in accordance with GAAP (whether asserted or unasserted, whether absolute or contingent, whether accrued or unaccrued, whether liquidated or unliquidated and whether due or to become due), except for: (a) those liabilities set forth in the balance sheet included in the Financial Statements and (b) those liabilities which have arisen after the date of the Financial Statements (the "
Financial Reference Date
") in the Ordinary Course of Business.
4.10
Absence of Changes
. From and after the Financial Reference Date:
(a)
Each member of the
Company Group
has conducted its
business
in the
Ordinary Course of Business
in all material respects;
(b)
No member of the
Company Group
has experienced
or
been subject to a
Material Adverse Effect
; and
(c)
No member of the
Company Group
has taken any of the actions, and there have not occurred any of the events, described in clauses
(a) through (u)
of
Section
6.1
, without the prior written approval of Buyer.
4.11
Real Property and Movable Assets.
(a)
No member of the
Company Group
owns any real property, has any obligations
or liabilities
with respect to any real property previously owned by such
Company or
has
or
is a
party
to any obligations
or Contracts
with respect to the acquisition of any real property.
(b)
Schedule 4.11(b)
contains a complete and correct list of all
Contracts
(together with any and all amendments and modifications thereto and any guarantees thereof) (collectively, the "
Leases
") pursuant to which any member of the
Company Group leases
, subleases
or
occupies real property as tenant, subtenant
or
occupant (the "
Leased Real Property
").
Schedule 4.11(b)
sets forth the address of each
Leased Real Property
. To the
Company Group's Knowledge
, the applicable member of the
Company Group
has good and valid title to the leasehold estate under each
Lease
free and clear of any
Liens except for Permitted Liens
.
(c)
Each member of the
Company Group
has good title to,
or
a valid leasehold interest in
or
license to, each of its tangible personal property used in the operation of the
Business
(collectively, the "
Assets
"), in each case, free and clear of any
Liens except for Permitted Liens
. The
Assets
are fit for the purposes for which they are used
or
intended to be used in connection with the provision of the services to be provided by
Buyer
and its
Affiliates
. All of the
Assets
, owned
or
leased, have been well maintained and are in good operating condition and repair (with the exception of normal wear and tear), and are free from defects other than such defects as would not interfere with the intended use thereof in connection with the provision of the services to be provided by
Buyer
and its
Affiliates
. All of the
Assets
shall be owned by
or
available for use by each member of the
Company Group
immediately after the
Closing
on terms and conditions identical to those under which such member of the
Company Group
owned
or
used the
Assets
immediately prior to the
Closing
.
(a)
Schedule
4.12(a)
contains a true and accurate list of the
Contracts
of the following types to which a member of the
Company Group
is a
party or
by which a member of the
Company Group or
any of its
assets
is
or
are bound
or
affected (together with the Leases, the "
Material Contracts
"):
(i)
any employment
Contract
;
(ii)
any loan
agreement
, credit facility,
or
other
Contract
pursuant to which a member of the
Company Group
has made
or
will make any loans
or
advances,
or
has
or
will incur
or
become responsible for any indebtedness;
(iii)
any
Guaranty
, indemnity, suretyship
or
security given by a member of the
Company Group
;
(iv)
any
Contract
relating in any manner to the securities of a member of the
Company Group
;
(v)
any
Contract
that restricts a member of the
Company Group
from competing with any other
Person or
that involves any restriction with respect to the scope
or
type
or
geographic area of operations of a member of the
Company Group
;
(vi)
any
Contract
involving the provision of goods
or
services by the
Company Group
involving aggregate consideration in excess of $10,000 per annum;
(vii)
all
Contracts
by which a member of the
Company Group
licenses any
Intellectual Property
rights of any other
Person that are material to the Business or
by which it licenses its
Intellectual Property
rights to another
Person other than in the Ordinary Course of Business
(in each case specifically excluding all shrink wrap, click wrap, and similar commercial off-the-shelf software);
(viii)
any
Contract
that is subject to a Company Third Party Consent
or
any
Contract
pursuant to which any material right (
including
, without limitation, rights of termination
or
rights to receive compensation), obligation, penalty
or
default is caused
or
triggered by,
or
results from, a change of
control
of a member of the
Company Group
;
(ix)
any
Contract
pursuant to which a member of the
Company Group leases
any material items of personal property;
(x)
any
Contract
that requires
or
may require a member of the
Company Group
to make payments in an amount greater than $20,000 per annum that is not terminable without penalty upon less than sixty (60) days prior written notice by the applicable member of the
Company Group
;
(xi)
any partnership, limited liability
company
, joint venture
or
other similar
Contracts
to which a member of the
Company Group
is a
party
; and
(xii)
Contracts
not specified above that are material to a member of the
Company Group or
the operation of the
Business
.
(b)
Except as set forth on
Schedule
4.12(b)
, to the
Company Group's Knowledge
, each
Material Contract
is in full force and effect and is valid, binding and enforceable in accordance with its terms, subject to the
Enforceability Exceptions
. Except as set forth on
Schedule 4.12(b)
, to the
Company Group's Knowledge
, immediately following the
Closing
, each
Material Contract
will be in full force and effect, and valid, binding and enforceable on the same terms, subject to the
Enforceability Exceptions
. Neither the applicable member of the Company Group nor, to the
Company Group's Knowledge
, the counterparties to such
Material Contracts
have committed any material breach of any of the terms and conditions of any
Material Contract
. Except as set forth on
Schedule 4.12(b)
, no member of the
Company Group
has received written notice from any third
party
indicating that it intends to terminate
or
refuse to renew
or
extend any of the
Material Contracts
. No counterparty to a
Material Contract
has repudiated
or
, to the
Company Group's Knowledge
, threatened to repudiate any provision of any
Material Contract
.
Except as a result of the identity of the
Buyer and/or
any actions taken by the
Buyer or
any of its
Affiliates
, to the
Company Group's Knowledge
, the consummation of the
Transactions
will not materially adversely affect any relationships with any customer, supplier
or
vendor listed on
Schedule
4.12(c
)
or
any
Contract
therewith.
(c)
Schedule 4.12(c)
lists (i) each of the top twenty (20)
customers
of the
Company Group
during the twelve (12) months period preceding the date
hereof
, and (ii) each of the top ten (10) suppliers
or
vendors to the
Company Group
during the twelve (12) months period preceding the date
hereof
. Except as set forth on
Schedule 4.12(c)
, no such customer, supplier
or
vendor of the
Company Group
has canceled
or
otherwise materially adversely modified its relationship with the Company Group, to the
Company Group's Knowledge
no such
Person
has any intention to do so, and there are no disputes
or
notices of dissatisfaction outstanding,
or
to the
Company Group's Knowledge
, threatened, with
or
from any customer, supplier
or
vendor of the
Company Group
.
4.13
Accounts Receivable
.
The accounts receivable of the Company Group set forth in the Financial Statements and arising subsequent to the Financial Reference Date represent transactions of the Company Group in the Ordinary Course of Business pursuant to bona fide transactions involving goods delivered or services rendered by the Company Group.
4.14
Compliance with Laws; Licenses and Permits
.
(a)
Each member of the
Company Group
is operating and has at all times operated its
business
in all material respects in compliance with all applicable
Laws, except where the failure to do so would not have a Material Adverse Effect
. During the four (4) years immediately preceding the date
hereof
, no member of the
Company Group
has received written notice from any
Governmental Authority
alleging any failure by it to comply with any
Laws
. There is no outstanding
or
, to the
Company Group's Knowledge
, threatened, order, writ, injunction
or
decree of any
Governmental Authority or
arbitration tribunal against
or
involving any member of the
Company Group
, the operation of the
Business or
the
Shares
.
(b)
Each member of the
Company Group
owns and validly holds all licenses, authorizations, permissions,
permits
, certificates, approvals, registrations, accreditations and exemptions issued by any
Governmental Authority
and required to conduct its businesses as presently conducted and to own, operate,
or
use, as applicable, the
Assets
and the
Leased Real Property
, an accurate list of which is set forth on
Schedule 4.14(b)
(collectively, the "
Permits
" and, individually, a "
Permit
"), except for those Permits, the failure of which to obtain, would not have a
Material Adverse Effect
on the Company Group. To the
Company Group's Knowledge
, all Permits are valid and subsisting in accordance with their terms and are in full force and effect. To the
Company Group's Knowledge
, each member of the
Company Group
is in compliance in all material respects with all Permits and has not committed any act
or
omitted to take any action that is likely to cause it to lose the benefit of
or
jeopardize the renewal of any Permit. There are no
Claims
pending
or
, to the
Company Group's Knowledge
, threatened that seek the revocation, cancellation, suspension
or
any adverse modification of any Permits.
Each member of the
Company Group
is, and at all times after
June
30, 2011 has been, in compliance in all material respects with the terms and requirements of each Permit identified
or
required to be identified on
Schedule 4.14(b)
to the
Company Group's Knowledge
, after June 30, 2011, no event has occurred
or
circumstance exists that may (A) constitute
or
result directly
or
indirectly in a material violation of
or
a material failure to comply with any term
or
requirement of any Permit listed
or
required to be listed on
Schedule 4.14(b)
or
(B) result directly
or
indirectly in the revocation, withdrawal, suspension, cancellation, termination
or
nonrenewal of,
or
any modification to, any Permit listed
or
required to be listed on
Schedule 4.14(b)
. No member of the
Company Group
has received, at any time after June 30, 2011, any written notice from any
Governmental Authority
, accrediting body
or
any other
Person
regarding (A) any actual, alleged, possible
or
potential material violation of
or
material failure by a member of the
Company Group
to comply with any term
or
requirement of any Permit
or
(B) any actual, proposed, possible
or
potential revocation, withdrawal, suspension, cancellation
or
termination of,
or
modification to, any Permit. All applications required to have been filed for the renewal of the Permits listed
or
required to be listed on
Schedule 4.14(b)
have been duly filed on a timely basis with the appropriate
Governmental Authorities or
accrediting bodies, and all other filings required to have been made with respect to such Permits have been duly made on a timely basis with the appropriate
Governmental Authorities or
accrediting bodies, except where the failure to file such applications
or
make such filings would not have a
Material Adverse Effect
. To the
Company Group's Knowledge
, there is no reasonable basis to expect that any Permits will not be reissued
or
transferred, in each case on materially similar terms as currently existing, if required as a result of the execution of this
Agreement and/or
the consummation of the
Transactions
. To the
Company Group's Knowledge
, the Permits listed in
Schedule 4.14(b)
collectively constitute all of the Permits necessary to
permit
the
Company Group
to lawfully conduct and operate the
Business
in substantially the manner it currently conducts and operates the
Business
and to
permit
the
Company
to own and use its
assets
in substantially the manner in which it currently own and use such
assets
.
Except as set forth on
Schedule
4.15(a)
,
(i)
no
Claim
is pending
or
, to the
Company Group's Knowledge
, threatened against any member of the
Company Group or
any of its respective directors
or
officers
or
affecting its
business
,
assets
, properties
or
operations as currently conducted and there are no judgments
or
orders in force
or
outstanding against any member of the
Company Group
, any of its
assets or
any of its directors
or
officers; and
(ii)
no member of the
Company Group
has received any notice of any potential
Claim
which may affect the validity
or
legality of this
Agreement or
the
Transactions
,
or
the ability of the Company Group,
Sellers or
Sellers' Representative to execute, deliver and perform this
Agreement
and the
Transactions
, and, to the
Company Group's Knowledge
, there are no facts
or
circumstances that would reasonably be expected to result in any member of the
Company Group
becoming subject to any such
Claim
.
(a)
Schedule
4.16(a)
lists the name of each employee of the Company Group ("
Employee
") and, with respect to each such
Employee
, his
or
her (i) employer, (ii) work location, (iii) position, (iv), hire date, (v) classification (i.e., exempt
or
non-exempt), (vi) rate of compensation (base salary
or
hourly rate of pay), (vii) bonus (
or
commission) opportunity, (viii) accruals for vacation, sick leave and holiday pay and (ix) visa
or
green card status. Such schedule is true and complete in all material respects.
(b)
No member of the
Company Group
is a
party
to
or
is bound by any collective bargaining
or
labor contract, voluntary recognition
agreement or
other binding commitment to any labor union, trade union, works council
or employee
organization in respect of any of its employees. There are not currently, and in the past five (5) years preceding the date
hereof
there have not been, nor to the
Company Group's Knowledge
, are there now threatened, any: (i) strikes, work stoppages, slowdowns, lockouts
or
arbitrations;
or
(ii) material
employee or
union grievances, claims, charges, unfair labor practice charges, grievances
or
complaints
or
other labor disputes with respect to any member of the
Company Group
. During the past three (3) years preceding the date
hereof
, none of the employees of any member of the
Company Group
is
or
has been represented by any labor union
or
other
employee
collective bargaining organization, was a
party
to,
or
bound by, any labor
or
other collective bargaining
agreement
in connection with such employment
or
has been subject to
or
involved in
or
, to the
Company Group's Knowledge
, threatened with, any union elections, petitions
or
other organizational
or
recruiting activities, nor are any such labor organizing activities now pending
or
, to the
Company Group's Knowledge
, threatened against any member of the
Company Group
.
(c)
Each member of the
Company Group
is in compliance in all material respects with all applicable
Laws
relating to employment
or
termination of employment,
including
those related to wages, hours, compensation, terms and conditions of employment, workplace health and safety, discrimination
or
harassment, retaliation, human rights, pay equity, notice of termination, classification of workers (i.e. as employees versus independent contractors,
or
as exempt versus non-exempt employees), immigration, collective bargaining and the payment and withholding of
taxes
and other sums as required by the appropriate
Governmental Authority
. To the
Company Group's Knowledge
, each member of the
Company Group
has paid in full to all employees
or
adequately accrued for in accordance with
GAAP
consistently applied all wages, salaries, commissions, bonuses, benefits and other compensation due to
or
on behalf of such employees through the pay period preceding the date
hereof
. There is no material
Claim
with respect to employment
or
termination of employment,
or
payment of wages, salary
or
overtime pay that has been asserted
or
is now pending (regarding which the
Company
has received notice)
or
, to the
Company Group's Knowledge
, threatened before any
Governmental Authority
, and no material audit
or
investigation by any
Governmental Authority
is currently pending (regarding which the
Company
has received notice)
or
, to the
Company Group's Knowledge
, threatened. To the
Company Group's Knowledge
, no member of the
Company Group
has any material liability, whether direct
or
indirect, absolute
or
contingent,
including
any obligations under any
Company Benefit Plans
, with respect to any misclassification of a
Person
performing services as an independent contractor
or
consultant rather than as an
employee
. To the
Company Group's Knowledge
, no group of employees and no key
employee
, manager
or
executive has any plans to terminate employment within twelve (12) months following the date
hereof or
in connection with the
Closing
.
(a)
Schedule
4.17(a)
contains a list of all
Company Benefit Plans
. Each
Company Benefit Plan
is being administered in material compliance with its terms and all applicable
Laws
, and contributions required to be made under the terms of any of the
Company Benefit Plans
as of the date of this
Agreement
have been timely made
or
, if not yet due, have been properly reflected on the most recent consolidated balance sheet filed
or
incorporated by reference in the
Financial Statements
prior to the date of this
Agreement
. With respect to each such
Company Benefit Plan
, all
tax
, annual reporting and other governmental filings required by applicable
Law
have been timely filed with the appropriate
Governmental Authority
and all notices and disclosures have been timely provided to participants. No event has occurred and there exists no condition
or
set of circumstances in connection with which any member of the
Company Group
would reasonably be expected to be subject to any material liability (other than for routine, uncontested benefit claims) under the terms of,
or
with respect to, such
Company Benefit Plans
. Each
Company Benefit Plan
which is intended to qualify under Section 401(a) of the
Code
has received a favorable determination letter from the
IRS
as to its qualified status
or
may rely upon a prototype opinion letter,
or
the remedial amendment period for such
Company Benefit Plan
has not yet expired and that the trust established in connection with such
Company Benefit Plan
which is intended to be exempt from federal income taxation under Section 501(a) of the
Code
is so exempt, and no fact
or
event has occurred that could adversely affect the qualified status of any such
Company Benefit Plan or
the exempt status of any such trust.
(b)
No member of the Company Group, nor to the
Company Group's Knowledge
, any other
person or
entity, has made any express
or
implied proposal, assurance
or
commitment, whether legally enforceable
or
not, to establish, modify, change
or
terminate any
Company Benefit Plan
(other than with respect to a modification, change
or
termination required by
ERISA or
the
Code
),
or
to any
employee or
other service provider of any member of the
Company Group
regarding any improvement to terms of employment
or
regarding the increase
or
improvement in the rate
or
quantum of remuneration, benefits
or
other compensation.
(c)
No
Company Benefit Plan
is a multiemployer plan (as defined in Section 3(37) of
ERISA
) ("
Multiemployer Plan
")
or
a
pension plan
within the meaning of
Section 3(2) of ERISA
that is subject to
Title IV of ERISA or
similar minimum funding requirements under applicable foreign
Law ("
Pension Plan
")
, and no member of the
Company Group
nor any
ERISA Affiliate
has sponsored
or
contributed to
or
been required to contribute to, or otherwise has or may have any liability with respect to (whether direct or contingent), a Multiemployer Plan
or Pension Plan
. No material liability under Title IV of ERISA
or
similar applicable foreign
Law
has been incurred by any member of the
Company Group or
any
ERISA Affiliate
that has not been satisfied in full, and no condition exists that presents a risk to any member of the
Company Group or
any
ERISA Affiliate
of incurring
or
being subject (whether primarily, jointly
or
secondarily) to a material liability thereunder
or
to any lien arising under
ERISA
.
(d)
No payment
or
benefit provided pursuant to any
Company Benefit Plan
,
including
the grant, vesting
or
exercise of any equity-based award, will
or
may provide for the deferral of compensation subject to Section 409A of the
Code
, whether pursuant to the execution and delivery of this
Agreement or
the consummation of the
Transactions
(either alone
or
upon the occurrence of any additional
or
subsequent events)
or
otherwise. No member of the
Company Group
is a
party
to,
or
otherwise obligated under, any
Company Benefit Plan
that provides for the gross-up of the
tax
imposed by Section 409A(a)(1)(B) of the
Code
. The execution and delivery of this
Agreement
by the
Company Group
and the consummation of the
Transactions or
thereby will not (either alone
or
upon the occurrence of any additional
or
subsequent events) constitute an event under any
Company Benefit Plan or Contract
that will
or
may result in any payment of deferred compensation which will not be in compliance with Section 409A of the
Code
.
(e)
Schedule
4.17(
e)
contains a list of all
Company Benefit Plans
providing for compensation
or
benefits to employees of any member of the
Company Group
who are providing
Services
at a location, which are subject to the
Laws
of any jurisdiction outside of the United States (a "
Foreign Plan
"). With respect to any
Foreign Plan
: (i) if it is intended to qualify for special
tax
treatment, such
Foreign Plan
meets all applicable requirements for such treatment; (ii) if it is intended to be funded
and/or
book-reserved, then each such
Foreign Plan
is fully funded
and/or
book reserved, as appropriate, based upon reasonable actuarial assumptions and
GAAP
; and (iii) no material liability exists
or
reasonably could be imposed upon the
assets
of any member of the
Company Group
by reason of such
Foreign Plan
.
(f)
No member of the
Company Group
has granted any material loans
or
advances,
or
provided any guarantees
or
financial assistance, to any of its
employee
(s) (past
or
present), which are outstanding.
4.18
Intellectual Property
.
(a)
Schedule
4.18(a)
lists all the
Company Group Intellectual Property other than Intellectual Property licensed by the Company Group pursuant to off-the shelf commercial licenses
. The
Company Group Intellectual Property
consists of all
Intellectual Property
used by each member of the
Company Group
in
or
in connection with the
Business
of each member of the
Company Group
that is necessary to conduct the
Business
. To the
Company Group's Knowledge
, each member of the
Company Group
owns,
or
has the valid right to use and license, the
Company Group Intellectual Property in the Ordinary Course of Business
without payment of additional amounts
or
consideration other than ongoing royalties
or
license payments, and the consummation of the
Transactions
will not result in the loss
or
material impairment of any of the
Company Group Intellectual Property
. There are no pending, and, to the
Company Group's Knowledge
, no
person
has threatened in writing to initiate any, attachment
or
action against the
Company Group Intellectual Property
and, where the
Company Group Intellectual Property
is not owned by a member of the Company Group,
Sellers or
their
Affiliates
, the owner thereof has not threatened in writing to terminate any rights attached to the use of such
Company Group Intellectual Property
by any member of the
Company Group
. To the
Company Group's Knowledge
, (i) none of the processes employed
or
the principal products and services dealt in by each member of the
Company Group
infringe, misappropriate,
or
otherwise violate the
Intellectual Property
of any other
Person
, and (ii) none of the
Company Group Intellectual Property
is being infringed, misappropriated,
or
otherwise violated by any other
Person and none of the Company Group Trade Secrets
has been disclosed by any member of the
Company Group
without proper authorization to any other
Person
.
(b)
To the
Company Group's Knowledge
, the
Company Group Intellectual Property
, the use thereof,
or
the operation of the
business
by any member of the
Company Group
, does not infringe, misappropriate
or
otherwise violate any
Intellectual Property
of others.
(c)
No member of the
Company Group
has been named in any pending suit, action
or proceeding
which involves a
Claim
of infringement of any other
Person
's
Intellectual Property
by any member of the
Company Group
,
or
misappropriation of any other
Person
's
Intellectual Property
by any member of the Company Group, nor, to the
Company Group's Knowledge
, has any such suit, action
or proceeding
which is material to the
Business
been threatened in writing against any member of the
Company Group
.
(d)
No member of the Company Group,
Sellers or
their
Affiliates
has granted to any other
Person
any license
or
right to the commercial use of any of the
Company Group Intellectual Property
, other than in the
Ordinary Course of Business
(e)
The
Company
has taken all reasonable and practicable steps to safeguard and maintain the secrecy and confidentiality of its trade secrets. The
Company Group
have delivered to
Buyer
true, complete and accurate copies of all agreements that any directors, officers, employees
or
consultants of the
Company Group
have executed regarding (i) the protection of
Proprietary Information
, and (ii) the assignment to the
Company Group
of all
Intellectual Property Rights
arising from services performed for the
Company Group
by such persons. To the
Company Group's Knowledge
, no current
or
prior directors, officers, employees
or
consultants of the
Company Group claim or
have a right to
claim
an ownership interest in any
Company Group Intellectual Property
,
including
as a result of having been involved in the development
or
licensing of such
Company Group Intellectual Property
while employed by
or
consulting to any member of the
Company Group
.
4.19
Environment
.
To the Company Group's Knowledge, each member of the Company Group holds, and is in compliance with, all environmental permits, licenses and approvals required by any applicable Governmental Authorities for the current operations of such member of the Company Group. No member of the Company Group has received notice of any violation of any applicable Environmental Rule which has not been corrected. To the Company Group's Knowledge, each member of the Company Group is in compliance in all material respects with all applicable Environmental Rules, and no proceedings have been instituted or are pending or, to the Company Group's Knowledge, threatened against any member of the Company Group in respect of any breach of Environmental Rules.
4.20
Taxes
. Except as otherwise disclosed on Schedule 4.20:
(a)
Each member of the
Company Group
has: (i) timely filed (taking into account all applicable extensions) all income, sales and other
Tax Returns
required to be filed by it, and all such
Tax Returns
have been properly completed in compliance with all applicable
Laws
, and are true, correct and complete; and (ii) timely paid all
Taxes
shown to be due on any such
Tax Return
, and all such other
Taxes
due and payable, except for
Taxes
set forth on
Schedule
4.20
being contested in good faith
and for which adequate reserves have been established and reflected on the
Financial Statements
.
(b)
The
Financial Statements
of each member of the
Company Group include
reserves that are adequate for the payments of all
Taxes
not yet due and payable
or
that are
being contested in good faith
as of the date of such
Financial Statements
. Since the date of the
Financial Statements
, no member of the
Company Group
has incurred any liability for
Taxes
other than in the
Ordinary Course of Business
.
(c)
Each member of the
Company Group
has timely withheld and paid over to the appropriate
Taxing Authority
all
Taxes
which it is required to withhold from amounts paid
or
owing to any
employee
, stockholders, creditor, holder of securities
or
other third
party
, and each member of the
Company Group
has complied with all information reporting (
including Internal Revenue Service Form
1099) and backup withholding requirements,
including
maintenance of required records with respect thereto.
(d)
There are no
Liens
relating
or
attributable to
Taxes
encumbering (and no
Taxing Authority
has threatened to encumber) the
assets
of any member of the
Company Group
, except for statutory
Liens
for current
Taxes
not yet due and payable,
or
for
Taxes being contested in good faith
in appropriate
Proceedings
and for which adequate reserves have been established in the
Financial Statements
. There are no
Liens
relating
or
attributable to
Taxes
encumbering (and, to the
Company Group's Knowledge
, no
Taxing Authority
has threatened to encumber) the
shares
(
or
other equity interests) of any member of the
Company Group
.
(e)
There are no pending
or
, to the
Company Group's Knowledge
, threatened, federal, state, local
or
foreign audits, examinations, actions, suits,
or
proceedings relating
or
attributable to
Taxes or
any
Tax Return
now in progress
or
proposed in writing against any member of the
Company Group
. There are no deficiencies for any
Taxes
, no claims for additional
Taxes
, and no other disputes
or Claim
relating
or
attributable to any
Tax
liability of any member of the
Company Group
claimed, issued
or
raised by any
Taxing Authority
that has not been properly reflected in the
Financial Statements
.
(f)
No member of the Company Group is a party to, or is bound by, or has any obligation under any agreement, plan, contract or arrangement that would result, separately or in the aggregate, in the payment of any "excess parachute payment" within the meaning of Section 280G of the Code, except for those set forth in
Schedule 4.20(f)
.
No person is entitled to receive any "gross up" payment from any member of the Company Group in the event that the excise Tax of Section 4999(a) of the Code is imposed on such Person. There is no Contract to which any member of the Company Group is a party or has any obligation thereunder and covering any Person that, individually or collectively, could give rise to the payment of any amount that would not be deductible pursuant to Section 162(m) of the Code.
(g)
No member of the
Company Group
has waived any statute of limitations for the period of assessment
or
collection of
Taxes
,
or
agreed to
or
requested any extension of time for the period with respect to a
Tax
assessment
or
deficiency, which period (after giving effect to such extension
or
waiver) has not yet expired.
(h)
No member of the
Company Group
: (i) is a
party
to, is bound by,
or
has any obligation under, any
Tax Sharing Agreement
;
or
(ii) has any potential liability
or
obligation (for
Taxes or
otherwise) to any
Person
as a result of,
or
pursuant to, any such
Tax Sharing Agreement
.
(i)
No member of the Company Group has: (i) taken a reporting position on a Tax Return that, if not sustained, could be reasonably likely to give rise to a penalty for substantial understatement of federal income Tax under Section 6662 of the Code (or any similar provision of state, local or foreign Law); (ii) entered into any transaction identified as a (x) "listed transaction," within the meaning of Treasury Regulations Section 1.6011-4(b)(2), (y) a "transaction of interest," within the meaning of Treasury Regulations Section 1.6011-4(b)(6), or (z) any transaction that is "substantially similar" (within the meaning of Treasury Regulations Section 1.6011-4(c)(4)) to a "listed transaction" or "transaction of interest;" or (iii) entered into any other transaction that required or will require the filing of Internal Revenue Service Form 8886.
(j)
The
Company Group
has delivered
or
made available to
Buyer
as applicable: (i) correct and complete copies of all
Tax Returns
filed by each member of the
Company Group
for which the statute of limitations has not expired, including all Internal Revenue Service Form 1120 Schedule UTPs, and (ii) all revenue agent's reports, notices
or
proposed notices of deficiency
or
assessment, audit reports, information document requests, material correspondence and other similar documentation relating to
Taxes or Tax Returns
of each member of the
Company Group
relating to any period for which the statute of limitations has not expired.
(k)
No member of the Company Group is or has been a "United States real property holding corporation" within the meaning of Section 897(c)(2) of the Code during the applicable period specified in Section 897(c)(1)(A)(ii) of the Code.
(l)
No member of the Company Group owns any equity, security, or other interest in any Person, except as stated in
Schedule 4.20(l)
.
(m)
No member of the
Company Group
has
or
has had a taxable presence in any jurisdiction other than jurisdictions for which
Tax Returns
have been duly filed
or
for which extensions have been duly filed and
Taxes
have been duly and timely paid, and no
Claim
has been made by a
Taxing Authority
in a jurisdiction where such member of the
Company Group
does not file
Tax Returns
and pay
Taxes
that any member of the
Company Group
is
or
may be subject to any
Tax Return
filing requirements
or
taxation by that jurisdiction except where such failure would not have a
Material Adverse Effect
.
(n)
Except as set forth on
Schedule 4.20(n)
, n
o member of the Company Group has (or had) a permanent establishment in any country other than the country in which it is established.
(o)
No member of the
Company Group
has any material liability under
Section 482 of the Code or under the arm's length principles of the OECD transfer pricing guidelines (or similar provisions of state, local or foreign Law)
. The
Company
has provided such documentation and records to
Buyer as set forth on Schedule 4.20(o).
4.21
Insurance
.
Schedule 4.21
contains an accurate list and description of all policies and contracts of fire, casualty, production, liability, errors and omissions, business interruption and other forms of insurance and all fidelity bonds held or maintained by or for the benefit of the Company Group (collectively, the "
Company Insurance Policies
"). All such Company Insurance Policies are in full force and effect and shall remain in full force and effect through the Closing. Neither the Company Group nor Sellers have received any notice of cancellation or non-renewal or of significant premium increases with respect to any such policy. No pending claims made by or on behalf of the Company Group under such policies have been denied or are being defended against third parties under a reservation of rights by an insurer thereof. All premiums due prior to the date hereof with respect to such Company Insurance Policies and contracts have been timely paid. The Company Group has complied in all material respects with the provisions of such Company Insurance Policies. During the past three (3) years, the Company Group has not been refused any insurance with respect to its assets or operations, nor has its coverage been limited, by any insurance carrier to which it has applied for any such insurance or with which it has carried insurance.
4.22
Affiliate Transactions
.
Schedule 4.22 lists all Contracts entered into or existing prior to Closing between any of Sellers, Sellers' Representative, their Affiliates (other than a member of the Company Group) and any of their respective directors, officers, employees, or stockholders (except for amounts due as normal salaries and bonuses) or any directors, officers, employees or stockholders of a member of the Company Group, on the one hand, and a member of the Company Group, on the other hand ("Affiliate Transactions"). All legal formalities have been fulfilled with respect to each of such Contracts, including any required filings with, or approvals by, any Governmental Authority.
4.23
Business Technology
.
(a)
To the
Company Group's Knowledge
, each element of the
Business Technology
is legally owned by,
or
lawfully used under an
agreement
with its owner,
or
used under a license, giving the necessary rights of use to, the applicable member of the
Company Group
.
(b)
Except as set forth in
Schedule
4.23(b)
, in the twelve (12) months prior to the date of this
Agreement
, there have been no material performance reductions
or
breakdowns of any logical
or
physical intrusions to any
Business Technology or losses
of data, and no part of the
Business Technology
has been prone to material malfunctions
or
material errors, the result of which has had (
or
is having) a
Material Adverse Effect
.
(c)
The
Company Group
has implemented reasonable disaster recovery plans designed to maintain the operation of the
Business
.
(d)
The
Company Group
has taken reasonable precautions in accordance with good industry practice to preserve the security and integrity of the
Business Technology
.
(e)
Except as set forth in
Schedule
4.23(e)
, in the twelve (12) months prior to the date of this
Agreement
, to the
Company Group's Knowledge
, there has not been any unauthorized access to, use of
or
modification of any software
or
data in,
or
fraud committed by use and abuse of, the
Business Technology
.
4.24
No Broker
.
Except as set forth on
Schedule 4.24
, neither the Company Group nor Sellers has employed or made or entered into any Contract with any broker, finder or similar agent or any other Person or firm in connection with the Transactions which may result in any liability to the Company Group or Buyer.
4.25
Absence of Certain Business Practices
.
No payments of either cash or other consideration have been made to any Person by the Company Group or on behalf of the Company Group by any agent, employee, officer, manager or director of the Company Group or any other Person that were unlawful under the Laws. Without limiting the foregoing in any manner, neither the Sellers (on behalf of the Company Group), nor the Company Group, nor any of the Companies' directors, officers, employees, agents, representatives, nor anyone acting on behalf of the Sellers nor the Company Group, has: (a) violated any provision of the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, as amended; or (b) offered, paid, promised to pay, or authorized the payment of any money, or offered, given, promised to give, or authorized the giving of anything of value, to (i) any person holding a legislative, administrative or judicial position of any kind; (ii) any officer, employee or any other person acting in an official capacity for any Governmental Authority; (iii) any political party or official thereof or any candidate for political office (individually and collectively, any "
Governmental Authority Official
") or (iv) any person while knowing that all or a portion of such money or thing of value would be offered, given or promised to any Governmental Authority Official, for the purpose of: (A) (1) influencing any act or decision of a Governmental Authority Official in his or her official capacity; (2) inducing a Governmental Authority Official to do or omit to do any act in relation to his or her lawful duty; or (3) inducing a Governmental Authority Official to influence or affect any act or decision of any Governmental Authority; and (B) in order to assist a Company in obtaining or retaining business or a business advantage for or with, directing business to the Company, or securing any improper advantage for the Company.
ARTICLE V
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF
BUYER
Buyer represents and warrants to the Company Group and Sellers, as of the date of this Agreement and as of the Closing Date, as follows:
5.1
Organization and Authority
.
Buyer is a company duly organized and validly existing under the Laws of its jurisdiction of incorporation or formation and has full corporate or equivalent power and authority necessary to enter into, and perform its obligations under this Agreement and to consummate the Transactions.
5.2
Authorization and Validity
.
The execution, delivery and performance by Buyer of this Agreement have been duly authorized by all requisite corporate or equivalent actions on the part of Buyer, and this Agreement constitutes a legal, valid and binding agreement and obligation of Buyer, enforceable against it in accordance with its terms subject to the Enforceability Exceptions.
5.3
No Conflict; Consents
.
The execution and delivery of this Agreement does not, and the consummation of the Transactions, will not: (a) conflict with or result in a violation, contravention or breach of any of the terms, conditions or provisions of the Charter or the Bylaws of Buyer; (b) violate or result in a breach under any Contract, statute, regulation, rule, order, judgment, decree or other legal requirement applicable to Buyer; or (c) require the consent, approval or authorization of any third Person, including any Governmental Authority.
5.4
No Governmental Proceedings
or
Litigation
.
No Claim by any Governmental Authority is pending or, to the knowledge of Buyer, has been threatened against Buyer which may affect the validity or enforceability of this Agreement or the Transactions or the ability of Buyer to consummate this Agreement or the Transactions.
5.5
No Broker
.
Buyer has not employed or made or entered into any Contract with any broker, finder or similar agent or any other Person or firm with respect to the Transactions which may result in any liability to the Company or any Seller.
5.6
No Financing Contingency
.
Buyer has the financial capability to consummate the Transactions and pay the Purchase Price pursuant to
Section 2.2
. Buyer understands and agrees that its obligations hereunder are not in any way contingent or otherwise subject to: (a) the consummation of any financing arrangements or obtaining any financing; or (b) the availability of any financing to Buyer or any of its Affiliates.
5.7
Valid Issuance of
Common Stock
.
The Common Stock issued pursuant to this Agreement when issued will be (a) validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable and free of restrictions on transfer other than restrictions on transfer under this Agreement and applicable state and federal securities laws, or
Liens created by or imposed by Seller, and (b) issued in compliance with all applicable federal and state securities laws.
ARTICLE VI
PRE-CLOSING MATTERS
6.1
Conduct of Business Prior to
Closing
.
During the period between the date of this Agreement until the earlier to occur of the termination of this Agreement in accordance with
Section 10.1
or the Closing Date (the "
Pre-Closing Period
"), the Company Group, Sellers and Sellers' Representative shall use commercially reasonable efforts to: (i) preserve intact in all material respects the present business organization of the Company Group and operate the Business in the Ordinary Course of Business; (ii) maintain and preserve intact the business, assets and properties of the Company Group; (iii) maintain existing business relationships with the Company Group's employees and suppliers, distributors and customers; (iv) maintain the books of account, records and files of the Company Group, all in the Ordinary Course of Business; (v) not take any action for the specific purpose of manipulating or artificially inflating the Consolidated Net Assets; (vi) maintain in full force and effect the insurance policies described on Schedule 4.21 (or the renewal or replacement policies of such policies) and (vii) inform Buyer in writing of any event or circumstance that has or would reasonably be expected to have, a Material Adverse Effect, or which constitutes a breach of any representation, warranty or covenant set forth herein, promptly, and in any event prior to the Closing Date and within two (2) Business Days after the occurrence of any such event or circumstances to the Company Group's Knowledge. Except: (x) as specifically contemplated by this Agreement or any documents or instruments executed in connection with the consummation of the Transactions or (y) as provided on
Schedule 6.1
, the Company Group, Sellers and Sellers' Representative covenant that they shall not, and shall cause each member of the Company Group not to, absent the prior written consent of Buyer, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed, from and after the date of this Agreement and until the earlier of the Closing Date or the termination of this Agreement in accordance with its terms:
(a)
issue
or
sell any equity securities
or
debt securities of any member of the
Company Group
;
(b)
directly
or
indirectly purchase, redeem
or
otherwise acquire
or
dispose of any capital stock of any member of the
Company Group
;
(c)
split, combine
or
reclassify any of the outstanding
shares or
classes of capital stock of any member of the
Company Group
;
(d)
adopt a plan of complete
or
partial liquidation, dissolution, merger, consolidation,
restructuring
, recapitalization
or
other reorganization of any member of the
Company Group
;
(e)
declare, set aside
or
pay any dividend
or
other distribution without the written approval in advance by
Buyer
(which approval shall not be withheld if
Buyer
has determined that it will not pursue a
Business Combination
unless such dividend
or
distribution would be reasonably expected to result in
Consolidated Net Assets
being less than the
Target Net Assets
);
(f)
incur, assume
or
guarantee any
Company Debt or
make any loans
or
advances to, any other
Person
;
(g)
subject any of the
Company Group
's material
assets
(real, personal
or
mixed, tangible
or
intangible) to any
Lien
, except for
Permitted Liens
;
(h)
permit or
allow the sale, lease, transfer, abandonment, cancellation
or
disposition of any of the
Company Group
's material
assets
(real, personal
or
mixed, tangible
or
intangible,
including
the
Company Group Intellectual Property
) other than
transactions
in the
Ordinary Course of Business
;
(i)
make any commitments for capital expenditures that aggregate in excess of $50,000;
(j)
make any amendments to the
Charter or Bylaws
of a member of the
Company Group
;
(k)
make any change in the
Company Group
's accounting methods
or
practices, other than as required by
GAAP
;
(l)
enter into any partnership, limited liability
company or
joint venture
agreement
;
(m)
waive
or
release any rights of material value,
or
cancel, compromise, release
or
assign any material indebtedness owed to a member of the
Company Group
;
(n)
cancel
or
terminate any material insurance policy naming a member of the
Company Group
as a beneficiary
or
a loss payable payee unless the same shall be replaced with one
or
more insurance policies providing coverage reasonably comparable in scope and terms and
Buyer
has been provided with prompt written notice of such cancellation
or
termination;
(o)
enter into any
Contract
by which the
Business or
any of the
assets or
properties of the
Company Group
would be bound
or
affected that restricts in any material respect the operation of the
Business or
the
Company Group
's
assets or
properties, from engaging in any line of
business
in any geographic area
or
competing with any
Person
;
(p)
terminate
or
make any material amendment to a
Material Contract
,
or
enter into any
Contract
that would be a
Material Contract
if it had been in effect on the date
hereof, other than in the Ordinary Course of Business
with written approval in advance by
Buyer
;
(q)
compromise, settle, grant any waiver
or
release relating to,
or
otherwise adjust, any
Claim
of a member of the
Company Group
having a value in the aggregate in excess of $50,000,
or
that imposes non-monetary relief;
(r)
take
or
omit to take any action which if taken
or
omitted prior to the date
hereof
would constitute a breach of any of the representations
or
warranties set forth in
Article IV
of this
Agreement
;
(s)
enter into any labor
or
collective bargaining
agreement or
make any commitment
or
incur any liability to any labor organization relating to its employees;
(t)
adopt
or
authorize any
Company Benefit Plan
except as may be required by any applicable
Law
,
or
: (i) establish
or
materially increase any benefit under any
Company Benefit Plan
(except as may be required by any applicable
Law
); (ii) increase
or
otherwise change the rate
or
nature of,
or
prepay, the compensation (
including
wages, salaries and bonuses), except in the
ordinary course of business
pursuant to existing
Company Benefit Plans
,
or
severance, that is paid
or
payable to any
employee
; (iii) hire any
employee
without
Buyer
's prior written consent;
or
(iv) enter into, renew
or
allow the renewal of
or
entering into, any employment
or
consulting
agreement
;
or
(u)
agree
or
commit to do any of the foregoing.
6.2
Exclusivity
.
From the date hereof through December 1, 2014, the Company Group, Sellers' Representative and Sellers will deal exclusively with Buyer in connection with the proposed Transactions and no such Person shall take or permit any other Person on its behalf to take any action to, directly or indirectly: (a) solicit, initiate, encourage or otherwise entertain any inquiries, proposals or offers from, any Person (other than Buyer or one of its Affiliates) relating to any transaction or series of related transactions involving (i) a merger, consolidation, share exchange, conversion, recapitalization, refinancing, liquidation or acquisition of a member of the Company Group, (ii) a sale of any material amount of assets of a member of the Company Group outside of the ordinary course of business, (iii) a direct or indirect acquisition or purchase of any capital stock or other equity interests of a member of the Company Group, or (iv) any similar transaction or business combination involving a member of the Company Group (each of the above, an "
Alternative Transaction
"); (b) participate in any discussions or negotiations with, provide any information to, or enter into any agreement with any Person (other than Buyer or one of its Affiliates) in connection with an Alternative Transaction; or (c) accept any proposal or offer from any Person (other than Buyer or one of its Affiliates) relating to an Alternative Transaction. Sellers' Representative will promptly notify Buyer if the Company Group, Sellers' Representative or any Seller receives any such inquiries, proposals or offers and provide Buyer with a copy of any written correspondence, proposals or offers;
provided
,
however
, that the term of exclusivity under this
Section 6.2
will automatically be extended to December 31, 2014, if Buyer has engaged counsel to pursue a Business Combination and is actively working in good faith to pursue a Business Combination.
6.3
Commercially Reasonable Efforts
.
Subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement, Sellers' Representative, Sellers and the Company Group, on the one hand, and Buyer, on the other hand, agree to use their commercially reasonable efforts to take or cause to be taken and to do or cause to be done all such actions and things as are necessary under the terms of this Agreement or under applicable Laws, or as may be advisable or reasonably requested by the other Party or Parties, as applicable, in order to consummate the Transactions. None of the Company Group, Sellers' Representative or Sellers, on the one hand, and Buyer, on the other hand, shall intentionally perform any act which, if performed, or if omitted to be performed, would prevent or excuse the performance of this Agreement by any Party or which would result in any representation or warranty herein contained of such Party being untrue in any material respect as if originally made on and as of the Closing Date. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Parties agree to take all commercially reasonable actions necessary in order to obtain any consent or approval of any third party, including without limitation, any Governmental Authority, which is required in connection with this Agreement or any of the Transactions, and during the Pre-Closing Period, Sellers and the Company Group shall take all actions and use their commercially reasonable efforts to satisfy the conditions to Closing set forth in
Section 3.2
.
6.4
Mutual Cooperation
.
Subject to the following sentence, each of the Parties shall use its commercially reasonable efforts to: (a) cooperate in all respects with each other in connection with any filing or submission with a Governmental Authority in connection with the Transactions and in connection with any investigation or other inquiry by or before a Governmental Authority relating to the Transactions, including any Claim initiated by a private party; and (b) keep the other Party informed in all material respects and on a reasonably timely basis of any material communication received by such Party from, or given by such Party to any Governmental Authority and of any material communication received or given in connection with any Claim by a private party, in each case regarding any of the Transactions. Nothing contained in this Agreement shall require or obligate any Party to divest, restrict, alter or otherwise bind the use, ownership or operation, as applicable, of its businesses, operations, organization or assets.
6.5
Access to Information;
Financial Statements
.
Prior to the Closing, Sellers, Sellers' Representative and the Company Group shall, and shall cause the Company Group to, permit Buyer and its representatives to have reasonable access (at reasonable times, on reasonable prior notice and in a manner so as not to interfere with the normal business operations of the Company) to the personnel, properties, books, contracts and other records and documents of the Company Group. During the Pre-Closing Period, Company shall prepare and deliver to Buyer, within fifteen (15) days after each calendar month end, consistent with past practices, unaudited financial statements of the Company for each calendar month ending after the date hereof.
6.6
Intercompany Arrangements
.
Sellers and the Company Group shall ensure that all Affiliate Transactions, other than those set forth on
Schedule 6.6
and those fully paid and discharged pursuant to
Section 6.8
, shall terminate as of the Closing, such termination to be without further liability whatsoever to the Company Group.
6.7
Employment Agreements
.
The Company Group shall negotiate in good faith to enter into Employment Agreements, to be effective as of the Closing, with the executives and employees of the Company Group set forth on
Schedule 6.7
, which Employment Agreements will include compensation terms consistent with such personnel's compensation levels then existing prior to the Closing and the terms of the Employment Agreements shall be acceptable to Buyer and such executives and employees.
6.8
Payoff of
Company Debt
.
Prior to or in connection with the Closing, Sellers shall cause (including as contemplated by
Section 2.2(a)
and
Section 2.2(d)
), all of the Company Debt outstanding prior to the Closing to be fully paid or discharged, with no continuing liability whatsoever to the Company Group.
6.9
Updated Disclosure
.
From the date hereof until the Closing, the Sellers, the Company Group or Sellers' Representative, as applicable, shall have the right to supplement or amend the Disclosure Schedules with respect to any matter hereafter arising or of which it becomes aware after the date hereof, which, if existing, occurring or known at the date of this Agreement, would have been required to be set forth or described in the Disclosure Schedules (each a "
Supplement
"). Any disclosure in any such Supplement that would have cured or eliminated any inaccuracy in or breach of any representation or warranty contained in this Agreement if set forth in the Disclosure Schedules shall be deemed to have eliminated or cured such inaccuracy in or breach of such representation or warranty contained in this Agreement for all purposes, including for purposes of the indemnification or termination rights contained in this Agreement and for purposes of determining whether or not the conditions set forth in
Section 3.2
have been satisfied;
provided
,
however
, that if the additions or amendments to the Disclosure Schedules included in the Supplements would, in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to result in liabilities of the Company in excess of the Basket, Buyer shall have the right to terminate this Agreement pursuant to
Section 10.1(e)
.
ARTICLE VII
POST-CLOSING MATTERS
7.1
Transfer Taxes
.
Seller shall pay all
transfer, real property transfer, documentary, sales, use, stamp, duty, recording and similar Taxes (including any penalties, interest and additions to Tax) incurred in connection with this Agreement and the Transactions (together, "
Transfer Taxes
"). Buyer shall be responsible for preparing and filing all Tax Returns or other applicable documents in connection with all Transfer Taxes, to the extent permitted by applicable Law,
provided
,
however
, that Sellers' Representative shall cooperate with Buyer in the preparation and filing of all Tax Returns or other applicable documents for or with respect to Transfer Taxes, including timely signing and delivering such Tax Returns, documents, and certificates as may be necessary or appropriate to file such Tax Returns or establish an exemption from (or otherwise reduce) Transfer Taxes.
Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Agreement, "Transfer Taxes" shall not include any Taxes required to be deducted and withheld with respect to payments made by Buyer to Sellers (under the Code or Treasury Regulations thereunder or any applicable provision of state, local or foreign Law) in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.
7.2
Conduct of
Business
with Respect to
Taxes
.
During the Pre-Closing Period:
(a)
No member of the
Company Group
shall make, revoke
or
amend any
Tax
election; change any annual accounting period; adopt
or
change any method of accounting
or
reverse any accruals (except as required by a change in
Law or GAAP
); file any amended
Tax Returns
; sign
or
enter into any
closing agreement or
settlement
agreement
with respect to any,
or
compromise any,
Claim or
assessment of any
Tax
liability; surrender any right to
claim
a refund, offset
or
other reduction in liability; consent to any extension
or
waiver of the limitations period applicable to any
Claim or
assessment, in each case, with respect to
Taxes
;
or
act
or
omit to act where such action
or
omission to act could reasonably be expected to have the effect of increasing any present
or
future
Tax
liability
or
decreasing any present
or
future
Tax
benefit for any member of the Company Group,
Buyer or
its
Affiliates
; and
(b)
Each member of the
Company Group
shall: (i) timely file all
Tax Returns
required to be filed by it and all such
Tax Returns
shall be prepared in a manner consistent with past practice and that is reasonably acceptable to
Buyer
; (ii) timely pay all
Taxes
due and payable; and (iii) promptly notify
Buyer
of any income, franchise
or
similar (
or
other material)
Tax Claim
, investigation
or
audit pending against
or
with respect to each member of the
Company Group
in respect of any
Tax
matters (
or
any significant developments with respect to ongoing
Tax
matters),
including
material
Tax liabilities
and material
Tax
refund claims.
7.3
Cooperation on
Tax
Matters
.
Sellers and Buyer shall reasonably cooperate, and shall cause their respective Affiliates, officers, employees, agents, auditors and representatives reasonably to cooperate, in preparing and filing all Tax Returns of each member of the Company Group relating to any Pre-Closing Tax Period or Straddle Period, including maintaining and making available to each other all records necessary in connection with Taxes of each member of the Company Group relating to any Pre-Closing Tax Period or Straddle Period, and in resolving all disputes and audits with respect to all such Pre-Closing Tax Periods and Straddle Periods in accordance with
Section 7.7
. Buyer recognizes that Sellers' Representative may need access, from time to time, after the Closing Date, to certain accounting and Tax records and information held by the Company Group to the extent such records and information pertain to events occurring on or prior to the Closing Date; therefore, Buyer agrees that from and after the Closing Date, Buyer shall, and shall cause the Company Group to, retain and maintain such records and information until the later of: (a) six (6) years following the Closing Date; and (b) the applicable statute of limitations with respect to the Tax for which such records or information relate, and allow Sellers' Representative to inspect, review and make copies of such records and information as Sellers' Representative reasonably requests from time to time during normal business hours and after appropriate prior notification.
7.4
Preparation and Filing of
Pre-Closing Period Tax Returns
for each Member of the Company Group
.
Sellers' Representative shall, at the cost and expense of Sellers, prepare, or cause to be prepared all Pre-Closing Period Tax Returns required to be filed by or on behalf of each member of the Company Group. All such Pre-Closing Period Tax Returns shall be prepared and filed in a manner that is consistent with the prior practice of such Company, except as required by applicable Law. Drafts of all such Pre-Closing Period Tax Returns shall be delivered to Buyer for its review and approval at least thirty (30) days prior to the Due Date of any such Pre-Closing Period Tax Return;
provided
,
however
, that such approval shall not be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed. If Buyer disputes any item on such Pre-Closing Period Tax Return, it shall notify Sellers' Representative (by written notice within fifteen (15) days of receipt of such draft of such Pre-Closing Period Tax Return) of such disputed item (or items) and the basis for its objection. If Buyer does not object by written notice within such period, the amount of Taxes shown to be due and payable on such Pre-Closing Period Tax Return shall be deemed to be accepted and agreed upon, and final and conclusive, for purposes of this
Section 7.4
. Buyer and Sellers' Representative shall act in good faith to resolve any dispute prior to the Due Date of any such Pre-Closing Period Tax Return. If Buyer and Sellers' Representative cannot resolve any disputed item, the item in question shall be resolved by Neutral Arbitrator as promptly as practicable (in accordance with the provisions of this
Section 7.4
), whose determination shall be final and conclusive for purposes of this
Section 7.4
. The Neutral Arbitrator shall be instructed to use every reasonable effort to complete their services within thirty (30) days after submission of the dispute to them and in any case, as soon as practicable after such submission. The fees and expenses of the Neutral Arbitrator in connection with its work pursuant to this
Section 7.4
shall be paid fifty percent (50%) by Buyer and fifty percent (50%) by Sellers. Sellers' Representative shall timely file all such Pre-Closing Period Tax Returns;
provided
,
however
, if any such Pre-Closing Period Tax Return is filed after the Closing and Sellers' Representative is not authorized to execute and file such Pre-Closing Period Tax Return by applicable Law, Buyer shall execute and file (or cause to be filed) such Pre-Closing Period Tax Return (as finally determined pursuant to this
Section 7.4
) with the appropriate Taxing Authority. Sellers or Sellers' Representative, acting on behalf of Sellers, shall pay all Pre-Closing Taxes due and payable in respect of all Pre-Closing Period Tax Returns of each member of the Company Group;
provided
,
however
, that if any Pre-Closing Period Tax Return is due after the Closing and is to be filed (or caused to be filed) by Buyer, Sellers or Sellers' Representative, acting on behalf of Sellers, shall pay (in immediately available funds) to Buyer the amount of all Pre-Closing Taxes due and payable with respect of such Pre-Closing Period Tax Return (determined pursuant to this
Section 7.4
) no later than three (3) Business Days prior to the earlier of the date such Pre-Closing Period Tax Return is filed or the Due Date of such Pre-Closing Period Tax Return, and Buyer shall timely pay the amount of such Pre-Closing Taxes. Amounts required to be paid by Sellers or Sellers' Representative, acting on behalf of Sellers, pursuant to this
Section 7.4
, that are not paid on or prior to the date specified herein shall accrue interest at the simple rate of 5% per annum until paid in full. In the event that such Pre-Closing Period Tax Return reflects any refund, the provisions of
Section 7.8
(Tax Refunds) shall control.
7.5
Preparation and Filing of
Straddle Period Tax Returns
for each Member of the Company Group
.
Buyer shall, at its expense, prepare and timely file, or cause to be prepared and timely filed, all Straddle Period Tax Returns required to be filed by each member of the Company Group. All Straddle Period Tax Returns shall be prepared and filed in a manner that is consistent with the prior practice of the Company Group, except as required by applicable Law. Buyer shall deliver or cause to be delivered drafts of all Straddle Period Tax Returns to Sellers' Representative for his review and approval at least thirty (30) days prior to the Due Date of any such Straddle Period Tax Return and shall notify Sellers' Representative of Buyer's calculation of Sellers' share of the Taxes of each member of the Company Group (as the case may be) for such Straddle Period (determined in accordance with
Section 7.6
);
provided
,
however
, that such approval by Sellers' Representative of any such Straddle Period Tax Returns and such calculations of Sellers' share of the Tax liability for such Straddle Period (determined in accordance with
Section 7.6
) shall not be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed. If Sellers' Representative disputes any item on such Straddle Period Tax Return, he shall notify Buyer (by written notice within fifteen (15) days of receipt of such Straddle Period Tax Return and calculation) of such disputed item (or items) and the basis for his objection. If Sellers' Representative does not object by written notice within such period, such draft of such Straddle Period Tax Return and calculation of Sellers' share of the Taxes for such Straddle Period shall be deemed to have been accepted and agreed upon, and final and conclusive, for purposes of this
Section 7.5
. Buyer and Sellers' Representative shall negotiate in good faith to resolve any such dispute prior to the Due Date of such Straddle Period Tax Return. If Buyer and Sellers' Representative cannot resolve any disputed item, the item in question shall be resolved by the Neutral Arbitrator as promptly as practicable (in accordance with the provisions of this
Section 7.5
), whose determination shall be final and conclusive for purposes of this
Section 7.5
. The Neutral Arbitrator shall be instructed to use every reasonable effort to complete their services within thirty (30) days after submission of the dispute to them and in any case, as soon as practicable after such submission. The fees and expenses of the Neutral Arbitrator in connection with its work pursuant to this
Section 7.5
shall be paid fifty percent (50%) by Buyer and fifty percent (50%) by Sellers. No later than three (3) Business Days prior to the earlier of the date a Straddle Period Tax Return of a member of the Company Group is filed or the Due Date of such Straddle Period Tax Return, Sellers or Sellers' Representative, acting on behalf of Sellers, shall pay (in immediately available funds) to Buyer the amount of all Pre-Closing Taxes required to be paid with respect to such Straddle Period Tax Return (determined pursuant to this
Section 7.5
). Amounts required to be paid by Sellers or Sellers' Representative, acting on behalf of Sellers, to Buyer pursuant to this
Section 7.5
that are not paid on or prior to the date specified herein shall accrue interest at the simple rate of 5% per annum until paid in full. In the event that such Straddle Period Tax Return reflects any refund, the provisions of
Section 7.8
(Refunds) shall control.
7.6
Computation of
Tax
Liabilities
.
To the extent permitted or required, the taxable year of the Company Group that includes the Closing Date shall close as of the end of the Closing Date. Whenever it is necessary to determine the liability for Taxes for a Straddle Period relating to:
(a)
Taxes
not described in
Section
7.6(b)
(e.g.,
Taxes
imposed on a periodic basis, such as real property and other ad valorem
Taxes
), the determination of
Taxes
of each member of the
Company Group
for the portion of the
Straddle Period
ending on and
including
the
Closing Date
shall be deemed to be the amount of such
Taxes
for the entire
Straddle Period
multiplied by a fraction, the numerator of which is the number of days in the
Straddle Period
ending on the
Closing Date
and the denominator of which is the number of days in the entire
Straddle Period
; and
(b)
(i)
Taxes
based on the income
or
receipts for a
Straddle Period
, (ii)
Taxes
imposed in connection with any sale
or
other transfer
or
assignment of property (
including
all sales and use
Taxes) for a Straddle Period
, and (iii) withholding
Taxes
relating to a
Straddle Period
, the determination of the
Taxes
of each member of the
Company Group
for the portion of the
Straddle Period
ending on and
including
, and the portion of the
Straddle Period
beginning and ending after, the
Closing Date
shall be calculated by assuming that the
Straddle Period
consisted of two (2) taxable periods, one which ended at the close of the
Closing Date
and the other which began at the beginning of the day following the
Closing Date
and items of income, gain, deduction, loss
or
credit of each member of the Company Group for the
Straddle Period
shall be allocated between such two (2) taxable years
or
periods on a "
closing
of the books basis" by assuming that the books of the
Company Group
were closed at the close of the
Closing Date
;
provided
,
however
, that exemptions, allowances
or
deductions that are calculated on an annual basis (
including
, but not limited to, depreciation and amortization deductions) will be allocated between the period ending on the
Closing Date
and the period after the
Closing Date
in proportion to the number of days in each such period.
(a)
Buyer
shall deliver a written notice to
Sellers' Representative
in writing promptly following any demand,
Claim
,
or
notice of commencement of a
Claim
, proposed adjustment, assessment, audit, examination
or
other administrative
or
court
Proceeding
with respect to
Taxes
of the Company Group for which Sellers may be liable ("
Tax Contest
") and shall describe in reasonable detail (to the extent known by
Buyer
) the facts constituting the basis for such
Tax Contest
, the nature of the relief sought, and the amount of the claimed
Losses
(
including Taxes
), if any (the "
Tax Claim Notice
"),
provided
,
however
, that the failure
or
delay to so notify
Sellers' Representative
shall not relieve
Sellers
of any obligation
or
liability that
Sellers
may have to
Buyer
, except to the extent that
Sellers' Representative
demonstrates that
Sellers
are materially and adversely prejudiced thereby.
(b)
With respect to
Tax Contests
for
Taxes
of a member of the Company Group for a
Pre-Closing Tax Period
, Sellers' Representative may elect to assume and
control
the defense of such
Tax Contest
by written notice to
Buyer
within thirty (30) days after delivery by
Buyer
to
Sellers' Representative
of the
Tax Claim Notice
. If
Sellers' Representative
elects to assume and
control
the defense of such
Tax Contest
,
Sellers
: (i) shall bear their own costs and expenses; (ii) shall be entitled to engage their own counsel; and (iii) may (A) pursue
or
forego any and all administrative appeals,
Proceedings
, hearings and conferences with any
Taxing Authority
, (B) either pay the
Tax
claimed
or
sue for refund where applicable
Law permits
such refund suit
or
(C) contest, settle
or
compromise the
Tax Contest
in any permissible manner,
provided
,
however
, that
Sellers' Representative
shall not settle
or
compromise (
or
take other actions described
herein
with respect to) any
Tax Contest
without the prior written consent of
Buyer
(such consent not to
be unreasonably withheld, delayed or
conditioned) ,
provided
,
further
, that
Sellers' Representative
shall not settle
or
compromise (
or
take other actions described
herein
with respect to) any
Tax Contest
without the prior written consent of
Buyer
(which consent may be withheld in the sole discretion of
Buyer
) if such settlement
or
compromise would reasonably be expected to adversely affect the
Tax
liability of
Buyer or
any of its
Affiliates
(
including
any member of the
Company Group) for any Tax
period ending after the
Closing Date
. If
Sellers' Representative
elects to assume the defense of any
Tax Contest
, Sellers' Representative shall: (x) keep
Buyer
reasonably informed of all material developments and events relating to such
Tax Contest
(
including
promptly forwarding copies to
Buyer
of any related correspondence, and shall provide
Buyer
with an opportunity to review and comment on any material correspondence before
Sellers' Representative
sends such correspondence to any
Taxing Authority
); (y) consult with
Buyer
in connection with the defense
or
prosecution of any such
Tax Contest
; and (z) provide such cooperation and information as
Buyer
shall reasonably request, and
Buyer
shall have the right, at its expense, to participate in (but not
control
) the defense of such
Tax Contest
(
including
participating in any discussions with the applicable
Tax Authorities
regarding such
Tax Contests
).
(c)
In connection with any
Tax Contest
that relates to
Taxes
of a member of the Company Group for a
Pre-Closing Tax Period
that: (i)
Sellers' Representative
does not timely elect to
control
pursuant to
Section
7.7(b)
;
or
(ii)
Sellers' Representative
fails to diligently defend, such
Tax Contest
shall be controlled by
Buyer
(and
Sellers
shall reimburse
Buyer
for all reasonable costs and expenses incurred by
Buyer
relating to a
Tax Contest
described in this
Section
7.7(c)
) and
Sellers' Representative
agrees to cooperate with
Buyer
in pursuing such
Tax Contest
. In connection with any
Tax Contest
that is described in this
Section
7.7(c)
and controlled by
Buyer
,
Buyer
shall: (x) keep
Sellers' Representative
informed of all material developments and events relating to such
Tax Contest
(
including
promptly forwarding copies to
Sellers' Representative
of any related correspondence and shall provide
Sellers' Representative
with an opportunity to review and comment on any material correspondence before
Buyer
sends such correspondence to any
Taxing Authority
); (y) consult with
Sellers' Representative
in connection with the defense
or
prosecution of any such
Tax Contest
; and (z) provide such cooperation and information as
Sellers' Representative
shall reasonably request, and, at his own cost and expense,
Sellers' Representative
shall have the right to participate in (but not
control
) the defense of such
Tax Contest
(
including
participating in any discussions with the applicable
Tax Authorities
regarding such
Tax Contests
).
(d)
In connection with any
Tax Contest
for
Taxes
of a member of the Company Group for any
Straddle Period
, such
Tax Contest
shall be controlled by
Buyer
;
provided
,
however
, that
Buyer
shall not settle
or
compromise (
or
take such other actions described
herein
with respect to) any
Tax Contest
without the prior written consent of
Sellers' Representative
, with such consent not to
be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed
.
Buyer
shall: (x) keep
Sellers' Representative
informed of all material developments and events relating to such
Tax Contest
(
including
promptly forwarding copies to
Sellers' Representative
of any related correspondence and shall provide
Sellers' Representative
with an opportunity to review and comment on any material correspondence before
Buyer
sends such correspondence to any
Taxing Authority
); (y) consult with
Sellers' Representative
in connection with the defense
or
prosecution of any such
Tax Contest
; and (z) provide such cooperation and information as
Sellers' Representative
shall reasonably request, and, at his own cost and expense acting on behalf of
Sellers
, Sellers' Representative shall have the right to participate in (but not
control
) the defense of such
Tax Contest
(
including
participating in any discussions with the applicable
Tax Authorities
regarding such
Tax Contests
).
(e)
Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this
Agreement
, the procedures for all
Tax Contests
shall be governed exclusively by this
Section
7.7
(and not
Section
8.4
)
.
7.8
Tax
Refunds
.
Buyer may, at its option, cause any member of the Company Group to elect, where permitted by applicable Law, to carry forward or carry back any Tax attribute carryover that would, absent such election, be carried back to a Pre-Closing Tax Period or Straddle Period. Buyer shall promptly notify Sellers' Representative of and pay (or cause to be paid) to Sellers' Representative on behalf of Sellers: (a) any refund of Taxes paid by any member of the Company Group for any Pre-Closing Tax Period actually received by such member of the Company Group; or (b) a portion of any refund of Taxes paid by any member of the Company Group for any Straddle Period (such portion to be allocated consistent with the principles set forth in
Section 7.8
hereof) actually received by such member of the Company Group, in each case, net of any Tax liabilities or increase in Tax liabilities imposed on Buyer, or any member of the Company Group (or any Affiliate) resulting from such refund;
provided
,
however
, that Sellers shall not be entitled to any refund to the extent such refund relates to a carryback of a Tax attribute from any period ending after the Closing Date. Buyer shall pay (or cause to be paid) the amounts described in the second sentence of this
Section 7.8
within thirty (30) days after the actual receipt of the Tax refund giving rise to Buyer's obligation to make payment hereunder with respect thereto. At the request of Sellers' Representative, Buyer shall reasonably cooperate with Sellers' Representative in obtaining any such refunds for which Sellers are entitled pursuant to this
Section 7.8
, including through the filing of amended Tax Returns or refund claims as prepared by Sellers' Representative, at the expense of Sellers;
provided
,
however
, that any such amended Tax Return shall be prepared by Sellers' Representative, Sellers' Representative shall deliver or cause to be delivered drafts of any such amended Tax Return to Buyer for its review prior to the time such amended Tax Return may be filed and any such amended Tax Return shall be subject to the consent of Buyer, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed; and
provided
,
further
, that Buyer shall not be required to cooperate with Sellers' Representative in obtaining such refunds (or, notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, consent to the filing of such amended Tax Return) if such refund could reasonably be expected to adversely affect Buyer, any member of the Company Group (or any Affiliate) in any Straddle Period or Post-Closing Period.
7.9
Adjustments to
Purchase Price
in Connection With
Taxes
.
Buyer and Sellers agree to treat any amounts payable after the Closing by Sellers to Buyer (or by Buyer to Sellers) pursuant to this Agreement as an adjustment to the Purchase Price, unless a final determination by the appropriate Taxing Authority or court causes any such payment not to be treated as an adjustment to the Purchase Price for Tax purposes.
7.10
Payments in Connection with
Taxes
.
Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Agreement (but subject to this
Article VII
), payment by Sellers or Sellers' Representative, acting on behalf of Sellers, of any amount due related or attributable to Taxes or Tax Returns pursuant to this Agreement shall be made within five (5) Business Days following written notice by Buyer that payment of such amounts to the appropriate Taxing Authority is due (or, in connection with this Agreement, is required to be paid by Sellers to Buyer or are the responsibility of Sellers in whole or in part);
provided
,
however
, that Sellers or Sellers' Representative, acting on behalf of Sellers, shall not be required to make any payment earlier than three (3) Business Days before it is due (without regard to any extensions for filing the applicable Tax Return) to the appropriate Taxing Authority. Amounts required to be paid by Sellers or Sellers' Representative, acting on behalf of Sellers, for Taxes, or otherwise, that are not paid on or prior to the date specified herein shall accrue interest at the simple rate of 8% per annum until paid in full.
7.11
Non-Compete
.
Each of Nick Eckert, Meindert Honig and Ernst Retief (each a "Restricted Seller") hereby acknowledges that (i) in addition to disposing of such Seller's ownership interest in the Company Group as set forth in this Agreement, such Seller is selling all the goodwill of the Company Group associated with or attributable to such Seller's Shares, (ii) such Seller has contributed to the development of the goodwill of the Company Group, and (iii) the Parties have agreed upon the Purchase Price to specifically include and reflect such sale of goodwill. In consideration of the sale of such Seller's ownership in the Company Group, including the sale of all goodwill, each Restricted Seller agrees that, during such Restricted Seller's applicable Non-Compete Restrictive Period (as defined below), such Restricted Seller shall not, and shall cause each of its Affiliates not to, without the express written consent of Buyer (which may be withheld in Buyer's sole and absolute discretion), directly or indirectly, in any capacity (whether individually or as owner, stockholder, partner, director, officer, trustee, employee, agent or consultant, or in any other capacity), whether or not for pecuniary benefit, engage in, operate, manage, consult with, advise, carry on, take part in, be employed by or invest in, anywhere within the countries in which the Company Group transacts business during the three (3) year period immediately prior to the Closing Date, a business that sells or offers any products or services that are similar to those sold or offered by the Company Group immediately prior to the Closing Date, specifically including email marketing services, and/or any products or services offered by the Company Group at any time during the three (3) year period preceding the date of this Agreement. Notwithstanding the restrictions set forth above, nothing herein shall prohibit any Restricted Seller or any of his/her/its Affiliates from making investments in the ordinary course of business in the securities of any Person that are listed on any national stock exchange or NASDAQ;
provided
, that: (i) the securities "beneficially owned" (as defined for purposes of Rule 13d-3 promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended) by such Seller and his, her or its Affiliates shall, in the aggregate, represent no more than 5% of the total voting power of such Person; and (ii) such investment is a passive investment with respect to which neither such Seller nor any of such Seller's Affiliates (A) intends to or has the right to influence (other than through the voting of shares) or direct the operations or management of such Person or (B) is a participant with any other Person in any group with such intention or right.
Each Restricted Seller's "Non-Compete Restrictive Period" shall be the period beginning at the Closing and ending at the later of three years following Closing or two years following termination of such Restricted Seller's employment with the Company Group, or their successor(s), if any.
7.12
Non-Solicitation
.
Each Restricted Seller agrees that, during such Restricted Seller's Non-Compete Restricted Period, such Restricted Seller shall not, and shall cause its Affiliates not to, directly or indirectly, solicit any employee of a member of the Company Group for employment, or solicit, suggest, induce or encourage any employee of a member of the Company Group to seek employment or business opportunities other than with the Company Group and its Affiliates.
7.13
Further Assurances
.
From and after the Closing, as and when required by any Party, each Party will execute and deliver, or cause to be executed and delivered, all such documents and instruments and will take, or cause to be taken, at the requesting Party's expense, all such further or other actions, as such other Party may reasonably deem necessary or desirable to consummate the Transactions.
7.14
Release by
Sellers
.
On the Closing Date, each Seller (each a "
Seller Releasor
"), on behalf of such Seller and such Seller's respective beneficiaries, heirs, successors and assigns irrevocably, absolutely and fully releases, remises, relieves, relinquishes, waives and forever discharges the Company Group, and each of its officers, directors, employees, agents, Affiliates, direct and indirect equity holders, lenders, representatives, successors and assigns (collectively, the "
Buyer Released Parties
"), from any and all Claims, counterclaims, damages, losses, payments, obligations, debts, accountings, Liens, costs and expenses (including attorneys' fees and costs) of any kind or nature, fixed or contingent, direct or indirect, several or otherwise, known or unknown, suspected or unsuspected, choate or inchoate, claimed or unclaimed, in Law or in equity, whether arising from, in or out of tort, statute (whether state, federal or local) or Contract or any other common law, administrative or similar cause of action, right or remedy (collectively, the "
Released Claims
"), that such Seller Releasor may have against any of the Buyer Released Parties from the beginning of time until the Closing Date, other than the Retained Claims (as hereinafter defined), rights under this Agreement and any ancillary agreements. "
Retained Claims
" means any Claims of a Seller Releasor for: (a) any amounts due under or with respect to any benefit plan; (b) Claims of the Seller Releasor for any salary, bonus or other fringe benefits earned prior to the Closing, including the reimbursement of any business expenses incurred by the Seller Releasor prior to the Closing for which the Seller Releasor is entitled to reimbursement under the policies of the Company Group in effect immediately prior to the Closing; (c) indemnification or advancement of expenses arising under applicable Law or the Charter and the Bylaws of any member of the Company Group; (d) indemnity obligations, if any, under
Article VIII
; (e) rights, Claims and actions arising out of or under any insurance policies or this Agreement, the Employment Agreements; (f) claims that cannot be released as a matter of Law, and (g) claims arising in the Ordinary Course of Business under the Contracts set forth in
Schedule 6.6
.
Such Seller Releasor, on behalf of such Seller Releasor's respective heirs, successors and assigns, specifically waives the benefits of any statutory or common law of any state, which in effect provides that a general release does not extend to Released Claims which the creditor does not know or suspect to exist in his, her or its favor. It is expressly understood and agreed that the releases contained in this
Section 7.14
are intended to cover and do cover all known facts and/or Seller Released Claims, as well as any further facts and/or Seller Released Claims within the scope of such Released Claims not known or anticipated, but which may later develop or be discovered, including all the effects and consequences thereof. Such Seller Releasor, on behalf of such Seller Releasor's respective successors and assigns, acknowledges that he, she or it may hereafter discover facts in addition to, or different from, those which he, she or it now believes to be true with respect to the subject matter of the Seller Released Claims released in this Agreement, but agree that they have taken that possibility into account in reaching this Agreement, and that the releases given in this Agreement will be and remain in effect notwithstanding the discovery or existence of any such additional or different facts, as to which such Seller Releasor expressly assumes the risk. Each Seller Releasor acknowledges that the Laws of many states provide substantially the following: "
A GENERAL RELEASE DOES NOT EXTEND TO CLAIMS WHICH THE CREDITOR DOES NOT KNOW OR SUSPECT TO EXIST IN HIS OR HER FAVOR AT THE TIME OF EXECUTING THE RELEASE, WHICH IF KNOWN BY HIM OR HER MUST HAVE MATERIALLY AFFECTED HIS OR HER SETTLEMENT WITH THE DEBTOR
." Each Seller Releasor acknowledges that such provisions are designed to protect a Party from waiving claims which it does not know exist or may exist. Nonetheless, each Seller Releasor agrees that, effective as of the Closing Date, such Seller Releasor shall be deemed to waive any such provision.
7.15
Proprietary Information
.
From and after the Closing, each Seller shall not disclose or make use of (except to pursue rights under this Agreement and the Exhibits attached hereto or to carry out the duties of their employment by Buyer (or any Affiliate of Buyer, including any member of the Company Group)), and shall use their respective commercially reasonable efforts to cause all of their respective Affiliates not to disclose or make use of, any knowledge, information or documents of a confidential or proprietary nature or not generally known to the public with respect to the Business, Buyer or any of their respective Affiliates (including any member of the Company Group) or the businesses of any of the foregoing (including the financial information, technical information or data relating to the Company Group's products and services and the names of customers of the Company Group, as well as filings and testimony (if any) presented in the course of any proceeding pursuant to
Article XI
and any award and the tribunal's reasons therefor relating to the same), (such knowledge, information or documents, "Proprietary Information");
provided
,
however
, that the term "Proprietary Information" does not include information that (a) was, is or becomes public knowledge other than through improper disclosure by any of the Sellers or an Affiliate of any of the Sellers, or (b) is lawfully acquired by a Seller or an Affiliate of any of the Sellers, from and after the Closing from Sources which are not prohibited from disclosing such information by a legal, contractual or fiduciary obligation. A Seller or any of its Affiliates may disclose Proprietary Information as requested or required by (y) any applicable Law or (z) oral questions, interrogatories, requests for information or documents, subpoena, civil investigative demand or similar process;
provided
,
however
, that (i) such Seller shall give prompt notice of such requirement to Buyer, (ii) such Seller shall disclose only such portion of the Proprietary Information as is requested or required and (iii) if available, such Seller will use its commercially reasonable efforts to obtain reasonable assurance that confidential treatment will be accorded such disclosed Proprietary Information. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this
Section 7.15
, in the event of a conflict between the obligations set forth in this
Section 7.15
and the obligations set forth in the Non-Disclosure, Non-Solicitation, Post-Employment Obligations and Invention Assignment Agreement, if any, between each Seller and Buyer (the "
Employment NDAs
"), the terms of the Employment NDAs shall control.
ARTICLE VIII
INDEMNIFICATION
8.1
Indemnification by the
Company Group
and
Sellers
.
Subject to the limitations set forth in this
Article VIII
, the Company Group (only with respect to any period prior to the Closing) and each Seller hereby agrees to jointly and severally (
provided
, that, for purposes of the representations and warranties made by each Seller in an individual capacity in
Sections 4.1
,
4.2
, and
4.3
, and for any breach by an individual Seller of an obligation required to be performed by such Seller prior to the Closing, Sellers agree to severally and not jointly), indemnify, hold harmless and reimburse Buyer and the Company Group (only with respect to any period after the Closing), and their respective successors and assigns and each of the foregoing's respective stockholders, officers, directors, employees and agents (collectively, the "
Buyer Indemnitees
") from and against any and every Claim, action, loss, liability, damage, cost, expense (including reasonable attorneys' fees), deficiency, penalty, award, judgment, fine, Taxes, notice of violation, notice of liability or charge and any Claims in respect thereof (including amounts paid in settlement and reasonable costs of investigation and legal fees and expenses), but specifically excluding consequential, punitive, special, incidental or indirect damages or losses, including, without limitation, business interruption, loss of future revenue, diminution in value, profits or income, or loss of business reputation or opportunity (collectively, and as so excluded, "
Losses
"), Buyer Indemnitees incur or sustain that are based upon, related to, result from or arise out of:
(a)
any breach
or
inaccuracy of any representation
or
warranty of the Company Group
or Sellers
contained in
or
made pursuant to
Article IV
of this
Agreement
;
(b)
any breach of,
or
failure to perform
or
observe, any covenant,
agreement or
obligation to be performed by the
Company Group
(to the extent to be performed prior to the
Closing) or any Seller or Sellers' Representative
contained in
or
made pursuant to this
Agreement
;
(c)
any
Pre-Closing Taxes
;
(d)
except to the extent already accounted for in the calculation of
Consolidated Net Assets
, any
Company Transaction Costs
;
(e)
except to the extent already accounted for in the calculation of
Consolidated Net Assets
, any
Closing Company Debt; and
(f)
fifty percent (50%) of
any liability related to,
in connection with or arising from the Contingent IP Liability.
8.2
Indemnification by
Buyer
.
From and after the Closing, subject to any withholding as contemplated hereby, Buyer hereby agrees to indemnify, hold harmless and reimburse Sellers and their successors and assigns and each of the foregoing's respective stockholders, officers, directors, employees and agents (collectively, the "
Seller Indemnitees
", and together with Buyer Indemnitees, the "
Indemnitees
") from and against any Losses that Sellers incur or sustain that are based upon, related to, result from or arise out of:
(a)
any breach
or
inaccuracy of any representation
or
warranty of
Buyer
contained in
or
made pursuant to
Article IV
of this
Agreement
;
(b)
any breach of,
or
failure to perform
or
observe, any covenant,
agreement or
obligation to be performed by the
Company Group
(to the extent to be performed after the
Closing) or Buyer
contained in
or
made pursuant to this
Agreement
; and
(c)
Post-Closing Taxes
.
8.3
Limitations on
Liability
.
(a)
Survival
. The representations and warranties contained in
Article IV
of this
Agreement
shall survive the
Closing
until December 31, 2015
(the "
Survival Period
"),
provided
,
however
, that
(i)
the
Fundamental Representations
shall survive and continue indefinitely, (ii) no such limitation will apply in the event that the applicable breach is the result of fraud
or
intentional misrepresentation and (iii) if written notice of a
Claim for Losses
based upon breach of an applicable representation
or
warranty has been given to Sellers' Representative
or Buyer
, as applicable, prior to the expiration of the
Survival Period
, then the applicable representation(s)
and/or
warranty(ies) shall survive as to such
Claim
until such
Claim
has been fully resolved. The
Parties hereto
specifically and unambiguously intend that the survival periods that are set forth in this
Section
8.3(a)
(other than with respect to clause
(i)
above), for the representations and warranties contained
herein
shall replace any statute of limitations for such representations
or
warranties that would otherwise be applicable.
Any covenant
or agreement
contained
herein
to be performed prior to
or
after the
Closing
shall survive the
Closing for the Survival Period;
provided
,
however
, that the General Covenants shall survive for two (2) years from Closing and all other covenants shall survive
indefinitely.
(b)
Sellers
'
Cap and Basket
.
(i)
The total aggregate liability of
Sellers
under
Section
8.1(a)
,
Section 8.1(b)
, and
Section 8.1(f)
,
shall not exceed an amount equal to the Escrow Amount (the "
Cap
");
provided
,
however
, that the
Cap
shall not apply to limit any
Losses
resulting from breaches of a
Fundamental Representation or breaches of any covenant other than the General Covenants. The total aggregate liability of Sellers under
Section 8.1
shall not exceed 100
% of the
Purchase Price. Notwithstanding the foregoing, none of the limitations set forth in this
Section 8.3(b)(i)
shall apply to fraud, intentional misrepresentation or willful misconduct, and in no event shall Sellers' aggregate liability for all or any portion of the Contingent IP Liability exceed $485,000.
(ii)
The Company Group and the Sellers shall have no obligation to indemnify any Buyer Indemnitee pursuant to this
Article VIII
, unless and until the aggregate of all Losses suffered or incurred by all Buyer Indemnitees exceeds One Hundred Thousand Dollars ($100,000) (the "
Basket
"), at which time such Buyer Indemnitees shall be entitled to be indemnified for all Losses in excess of the Basket subject to the other limitations set forth herein;
provided
,
however
, that the Basket shall not apply with respect to Losses arising out of breaches of any Fundamental Representation, or in the case of fraud or intentional misrepresentation.
(c)
Duty to Mitigate
. Each
Indemnitee
shall take, and cause its
Affiliates
to take, all reasonable steps to mitigate any
Loss
upon becoming aware of any event
or
circumstance that would be reasonably expected to,
or
does, give rise thereto,
including
incurring costs only to the minimum extent necessary to remedy the breach that gives rise to such
Loss
.
(d)
Exclusive Remedy
. Subject to the provisions regarding specific performance set forth in
Section
12.8
, the remedies set forth in this
Article VIII
shall be the sole and exclusive remedies of the
Parties
with respect to this
Agreement or
any other document required to be delivered hereby
or
the
Transactions
contemplated hereby
or
thereby;
provided
,
however
, that in the event of a termination of this
Agreement
,
or
if the
Closing
does not otherwise occur, the
Parties
reserve all rights and remedies as a result of any breach of this
Agreement
, except as otherwise provided in this
Agreement
.
(a)
In the event that any
Third Party Claim
is asserted
or
commenced against an
Indemnitee
with respect to which such
Indemnitee
is entitled to indemnification under this
Article
VIII
, the
Indemnitee
shall: (A) promptly notify the other
Party
of its existence, setting forth in writing with reasonable specificity the facts and circumstances of which such
Indemnitee
received notice; and (B) specify the basis
hereunder
upon which the
Indemnitee's Claim
for indemnification is asserted. Any notice of a
Third Party Claim
delivered by a
Buyer Indemnitee
to
Sellers' Representative
shall satisfy any obligation of such
Buyer Indemnitee
to provide notice to any of
Sellers
pursuant to this
Section
8.4
.
(b)
Except as
herein
provided, the
Indemnitee
shall not, and the
Party
from whom indemnification is sought (the "
Indemnitor
") shall, have the right to contest, defend, litigate
or
settle such
Third Party Claim
, if the defense of a
Third Party Claim
is so tendered and within thirty (30) days thereafter the
Indemnitor
accepts such tender and acknowledges in writing without qualification its indemnification obligation
hereunder
, subject only to the limitations on indemnification set forth in this
Agreement
,
including
Section
8.3 and Section 8.5
.
The
Indemnitee
shall have the right to be represented by counsel at its own expense in any such contest, defense, litigation
or
settlement conducted by the
Indemnitor
. The
Indemnitor
shall lose its right to contest, defend, litigate and settle the
Third Party Claim
if it shall fail to diligently contest the
Third Party Claim
. So long as the
Indemnitor
has not lost its right to contest, defend, litigate and settle as
herein
provided, the
Indemnitor
shall have the right to contest, defend and litigate the
Third Party Claim
and shall have the right to enter into any settlement of any
Third Party Claim
;
provided
, that such settlement includes an unconditional written release from all liability in respect of such
Third Party Claim
;
provided
,
further
, that the
Indemnitor
may not enter into any settlement of any
Third Party Claim
without the prior written consent (which consent shall not
be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed
) of the
Indemnitee
if pursuant to
or
as a result of such settlement: (A) injunctive
or
other equitable relief would be imposed against the
Indemnitee
; (B) such settlement would
or
could reasonably be expected to lead to any liability
or
create any financial
or
other obligation on the part of the
Indemnitee
;
or
(C) such settlement would adversely affect the conduct of the
Business
. The
Indemnitor
shall not be entitled to assume
control
of a
Third Party Claim
and shall pay the reasonable fees and expenses of counsel retained by the
Indemnitee
if: (X) the
Third Party Claim
relates to
or
arises in connection with any criminal
proceeding
, action, indictment
or
allegation; (Y) the
Third Party Claim
seeks injunctive
or
other equitable relief,
or Buyer
reasonably believes that the
Third Party Claim
, if
adversely determined, would impair in any material respect the financial condition,
business
, operations, reputation
or
prospects of
Buyer
;
or
(Z) the interests of the
Indemnitee
in the
Third Party Claim
is
or
can reasonably be expected to be adverse to the interests of the
Indemnitor
. If the
Indemnitee
has assumed
control
of the defense of a
Third Party Claim
pursuant to the foregoing sentence, it shall not agree to any settlement without the consent of the
Indemnitor
(which consent shall not
be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed
), provided
Indemnitor
has acknowledged in writing without qualification its indemnification obligation
hereunder
, subject only to the limitations on indemnification set forth in this
Agreement
,
including
Section
8.3 and Section 8.5
.
Subject to any applicable limitations set forth in
Section
8.3 and Section 8.5
, all expenses (
including
attorneys' fees) incurred by the
Indemnitor
in connection with the foregoing shall be paid by the
Indemnitor
. If an
Indemnitee
is entitled to indemnification against a
Third Party Claim
, and the
Indemnitor
fails to accept a tender of the defense of a
Third Party Claim
pursuant to this
Section
8.4(b)
,
or
if, in accordance with the foregoing, the
Indemnitor
shall lose its right to contest, defend, litigate and settle such a
Third Party Claim
, the
Indemnitee
shall have the right, without prejudice to its right of indemnification
hereunder
, in its discretion exercised in reasonable good faith and upon the advice of counsel, to contest, defend and litigate such
Third Party Claim
, and may settle such
Third Party Claim
, either before
or
after the initiation of litigation, at such time and upon such terms as the
Indemnitee
deems fair and reasonable. If, pursuant to the preceding sentence, the
Indemnitee
so contests, defends, litigates
or
settles a
Third Party Claim
for which it is entitled to indemnification
hereunder
, the
Indemnitee
shall be reimbursed by the
Indemnitor
for the reasonable attorneys' fees and other expenses of contesting, defending, litigating and settling the
Third Party Claim
which are incurred from time to time, promptly following the presentation to the
Indemnitor
of itemized bills for such attorneys' fees and other expenses, subject, however, to any applicable limitations set forth in
Section
8.3 and Section 8.5
.
The
Indemnitor
and
Indemnitee
shall reasonably cooperate with one another in the contest, defense
or
litigation of any
Third Party Claim
.
(c)
Sellers' Representative
shall represent
Sellers
in all matters related to
Third Party Claims
and, in accordance with
Article IX
, shall
control
all decisions to be made by
or
otherwise concerning
Sellers
with respect to any
Third Party Claims
.
8.6
Escrow Funds
.
From and after the Closing (but subject to the provisions of this
Article VIII
and the Escrow Agreement) until December 31, 2015 (the "
Indemnity Escrow Period
"), Buyer Indemnitees shall be entitled, in accordance with the terms of the Escrow Agreement, to receive Escrow Shares or proceeds from the Indemnity Escrow Funds in respect of any Losses suffered or incurred by any Buyer Indemnitee to the extent such Losses result from or arise out of matters which entitle such Buyer Indemnitee to indemnification under
Article VIII
. During the Indemnity Escrow Period, the indemnification obligations of Sellers pursuant to this
Article VIII
will be first satisfied by a distribution out of the Escrow Account to the applicable Buyer Indemnitee of a number of Escrow Shares having an aggregate value equal to the amount of such Losses as calculated pursuant to
Section 8.6
. Following the release to Buyer Indemnitees of all Escrow Shares in accordance with the preceding sentence, the indemnification obligations of Sellers will next be satisfied from the cash portion of the Indemnity Escrow Funds until such funds have been exhausted or the Claims for indemnification shall exceed the then-current balance in the Indemnity Escrow Funds, and thereafter, subject to the limitations in this
Article VIII
, directly by Sellers pursuant to this
Article VIII
. A distribution out of the Escrow Account in accordance with the immediately preceding two sentences shall be the sole and exclusive remedy of the Buyer Indemnitees for all Losses relating to claims for indemnification pursuant to
Section 8.1
(other than Losses arising out of arising out of breaches of any Fundamental Representation or in the case of fraud or intentional misrepresentation). The "
Indemnity Escrow Funds
" means the then-current amounts held in the Escrow Account, including any dividends, interest, distributions and other income received in respect thereof, less any losses on investments thereof, less distributions thereof in accordance with this Agreement and the Escrow Agreement. At the end of the Indemnity Escrow Period, the Indemnity Escrow Funds, less any amounts subject to a pending Claims Notice (as defined in the Escrow Agreement), shall be disbursed to Sellers' Representative and/or Sellers in accordance with the terms and conditions of the Escrow Agreement.
8.7
Value of
Escrow Shares
.
In the event that a distribution of Escrow Shares out of the Escrow Account is required under the terms of this Agreement to satisfy any amount due and owing to Buyer Indemnitees, such shares shall be valued at the average of (i) the Buyer's average market closing price on NASDAQ for the ten (10) days immediately preceding the Closing and (ii) the Buyer's average market closing price on NASDAQ for the ten (10) days immediately preceding the release of the shares to such Buyer Indemnitee.
8.8
Treatment of Indemnification Payments
.
For all purposes hereunder, any indemnification payments made pursuant to this
Article VIII
of this Agreement shall, to the extent permitted by applicable Law, be treated as an adjustment to the Purchase Price.
8.9
Escrow Fees
.
Buyer shall be responsible for all fees and costs of the Escrow Agent.
8.10
No
Double
Recovery
.
For the avoidance of doubt, an Indemnitee will be permitted to recover with respect to any particular Loss suffered by such Indemnitee only one time as it is the Parties' intent that once any particular Loss has been recovered by a particular Indemnitee under one provision, such Loss no longer exists with respect to such Indemnitee and, therefore, recovery by such particular Indemnitee for such same Loss under another provision would constitute an unintended and prohibited "double" recovery.
ARTICLE IX
SELLERS' REPRESENTATIVE
9.1
Appointment of Sellers' Representative
. By execution and delivery of this Agreement and/or acceptance of any consideration contemplated by
Article II
, each Seller, for itself, himself or herself, and for its, his or her successors and assigns, hereby irrevocably makes, constitutes and appoints GraphicMail Sellers' Rep, LLC (the "
Sellers' Representative
"), to act for and on behalf of such Seller in connection with this Agreement and the Transactions and with respect to any Claim or matter arising under this Agreement, whether before or after Closing, and Nicholas Eckert, hereby accepts such appointment and agrees to serve without compensation. Each Seller acknowledges that the appointment of GraphicMail Sellers' Rep, LLC as Sellers' Representative and the power of attorney granted in this
Section 9.1
: (i) is coupled with an interest and is irrevocable; and (ii) shall survive the death, incapacity, bankruptcy, dissolution or liquidation of each Seller.
9.2
Powers and Authority
of Sellers' Representative
. In furtherance of the appointment of Sellers' Representative, each Seller fully and without restriction:
(a)
Agrees to be bound by all notices given and received and agreements and determinations made by and documents executed and delivered by
Sellers' Representative
pursuant to
or
arising under this
Agreement
.
(b)
Authorizes Sellers' Representative
to undertake any
or
all of the following on their behalf:
(i)
Deliver to
Buyer
all certificates, documents and instruments to be delivered to
Buyer
by
Sellers
pursuant to this
Agreement
, together with any certificates and documents executed by
Sellers
and deposited with
Sellers' Representative
for such purpose;
(ii)
Receive from
Buyer
, as paying agent, the
Closing Cash Payment
and all other sums payable to
Sellers
under this
Agreement
, and all certificates, documents and instruments to be delivered to
Sellers
by
Buyer
pursuant to this
Agreement
;
(iii)
Dispute
or
refrain from disputing any
claim
made by
Buyer
under this
Agreement
,
including
, but not limited to, the resolution of the
Consolidated Net Assets
, all claims for indemnification by
Sellers or
against
Sellers
and the resolution of any
Tax
matter (
including
all matters contemplated pursuant to
Section
7.4
,
Section
7.5
and
Section
7.7
)
and to negotiate, compromise, litigate
or
resolve any such matters on behalf of
Sellers
;
(iv)
Coordinate payment of, and pay, any amounts owing to
Buyer
from
Sellers
under this
Agreement
;
(v)
Exercise
or
refrain from exercising any remedies available to
Sellers
under this
Agreement
;
(vi)
Sign and deliver any releases
or
waivers,
or
other documents with respect to any dispute
or
remedy;
(vii)
Waive any condition contained in this
Agreement
and negotiate, execute and deliver any amendment
or
amendments to this
Agreement
;
(viii)
Execute the
Escrow Agreement
on behalf of
Sellers
and act on
Sellers
' behalf with respect to all matters arising under the
Escrow Agreement
(
including
any disbursements therefrom);
(ix)
Receive into a bank account maintained by
Sellers' Representative
for the sole purpose of receiving monies owed to
Sellers
under this
Agreement
all amounts payable by
Buyer
under this
Agreement
and to pay to each
Seller
such
Person
's share of such amounts in accordance with
Schedule 2.2(a)(i
);
(x)
Pay out of funds coming into the hands of Sellers' Representative from
Buyer or
the
Escrow Agent
all fees and expenses of
Sellers
(and of
Sellers' Representative
acting in such capacity) incurred in connection with the
Transactions
,
including
without limitation the fees and expenses of counsel, accountants and other professional advisors incurred prior to and subsequent to
Closing
;
(xi)
Retain on behalf of
Sellers
such counsel, accountants and other professional advisors as
Sellers' Representative
reasonably deems necessary to assist in the performance of his duties
hereunder
and pay the fees, costs and expenses thereof out of the funds coming into the hands of
Sellers' Representative
;
(xii)
Provide periodic written accountings to
Sellers
detailing funds received by
Sellers' Representative
, expenses paid and distributions paid; and
(xiii)
Give and receive such notices and instructions and do
or
refrain from doing such other things as
Sellers' Representative
deems necessary
or
appropriate to carry out the provisions of this
Agreement
in the best interests of
Sellers
.
9.3
Seller Reserve Amount
.
The Seller Reserve Amount shall be used by the Sellers' Representative for the payment of out-of-pocket expenses incurred by the Sellers' Representative in connection with the performance of the Sellers' Representative's duties and obligations hereunder. The
Seller Reserve Amount shall be available to the Sellers' Representative in addition to any amounts permitted to be paid to the Sellers' Representative pursuant to this Article IX. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, in no event shall any Indemnified Party have any rights in or to the Seller Reserve Amount. Promptly following the distribution of the entire remaining balance of the Indemnity Escrow Shares pursuant to the terms of the Indemnity Escrow Agreement, the remainder of the Seller Reserve Amount, if any, shall be distributed by the Sellers' Representative or its designated agent, as applicable, to the Sellers in accordance with the percentages set forth on
Schedule 2.2(a)(i)
.
9.4
Limitation of Liability
. To the maximum extent permissible by applicable Law, the Sellers' Representative will incur no liability with respect to the Sellers with respect to any action or inaction taken or failed to be taken in connection with its services as the Sellers' Representative, except for its own gross negligence or willful misconduct. The Sellers agree that, in all questions arising under this Agreement, or the Escrow Agreement, the Sellers' Representative may rely on the advice of counsel, and the Sellers' Representative will not be liable to any Seller for anything done, omitted or suffered in good faith by the Sellers' Representative based on such advice. The Sellers' Representative may receive compensation for services as the Sellers' Representative from the Sellers, and shall receive (i) the Seller Reserve Amount in accordance with Section 2.2(a), and (ii) reimbursement from, and be indemnified severally and not jointly by, the Sellers for any and all Losses incurred by the Sellers' Representative in the performance or discharge of its duties pursuant to this
Article IX
. The Sellers acknowledge and agree that the foregoing indemnities shall survive the resignation or removal of the Sellers' Representative or the termination of this Agreement. Unless the Sellers pay all such Losses upon demand by the Sellers' Representative, the Sellers' Representative shall have no obligation to the Sellers to incur such Losses, or to continue to perform any duties hereunder. The Sellers' Representative may execute any of its powers and perform any of its duties hereunder directly or through agents or attorneys (and shall be liable with respect to the Sellers only for the careful selection of any such agent or attorney) and may consult with counsel, accountants and other skilled persons to be selected and retained by it. Anything in this Agreement to the contrary notwithstanding, in no event shall the Sellers' Representative be liable to the Sellers for special, indirect or consequential loss or damage of any kind whatsoever (including but not limited to lost profits), even if the Sellers' Representative has been advised of the likelihood of such loss or damage and regardless of the form of action.
9.5
Successor Representatives
.
If Sellers' Representative resigns, dies or becomes incapacitated, his successor will be appointed by a majority of Sellers. The decisions and actions of any successor Sellers' Representative will be, for all purposes, those of Sellers' Representative as if originally named herein. The death or incapacity of any Seller will not terminate the authority and agency of Sellers' Representative as herein designated and their successors as provided for herein. Sellers' Representative shall provide prompt written notification to Sellers and Buyer of the identity of any newly appointed Sellers' Representative.
9.6
Buyer and Escrow Agent Reliance
.
Buyer and the Escrow Agent will be entitled to rely exclusively upon any communication given or other action taken by Sellers' Representative and will not be liable to Sellers or any other Person for any action taken or not taken in reliance upon the direction of Sellers' Representative. Buyer and the Escrow Agent will not be obligated to inquire as to the authority of Sellers' Representative with respect to the taking of any action that Sellers' Representative takes on behalf of Sellers.
10.1
Termination
. This Agreement may be terminated at any time prior to the Closing as follows:
(a)
By the mutual written consent of
Buyer
and
Sellers' Representative
;
(b)
By
Sellers' Representative
(if none of
Sellers or
any member of the
Company Group
are then in breach of any material term of this
Agreement
), if
Buyer
shall: (i) fail to perform in any material respect its agreements contained in this
Agreement
required to be performed on
or
prior to the
Closing Date
;
or
(ii) materially breaches any of its representations, warranties
or
covenants contained in this
Agreement
, which failure
or
breach is not cured within ten (10) days after
Sellers' Representative
has notified
Buyer
in writing of his intent to terminate this
Agreement
pursuant to this
Section
10.1(b)
;
(c)
By
Sellers' Representative
, upon written notice to
Buyer
, if the
Closing
has not occurred on
or
before December 31, 2014 for any reason other than delay
or
nonperformance of any of
Sellers or
the Company Group;
(d)
By
Buyer
(if
Buyer
is not then in breach of any material term of this
Agreement
), if any of
Sellers or
any member of the
Company Group
shall: (i) fail to perform in any material respect their
or
its agreements contained in this
Agreement
required to be performed on
or
prior to the
Closing Date
;
or
(ii) materially breach any of their
or
its respective representations, warranties
or
covenants contained in this
Agreement
, which failure
or
breach is not cured within ten (10) days after
Buyer
has notified
Sellers' Representative
in writing of
Buyer
's intent to terminate this
Agreement
pursuant to this
Section
10.1(d)
;
(e)
By
Buyer
, upon written notice to
Sellers' Representative
, if (i) the additions
or
amendments to the
Disclosure Schedules
included in the
Supplements
would, in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to result in
liabilities
of the
Company
in excess of the Basket,
or
(ii) the
Closing
has not occurred on
or
before December 31, 2014
for any reason other than delay
or
nonperformance of
Buyer
;
(f)
By
Sellers' Representative
, on the one hand,
or
by
Buyer
, on the other hand, if there shall be any final, non-appealable, order, writ, injunction
or
decree of any
Governmental Authority
of competent jurisdiction binding on
Sellers or
the Company Group,
or
on
Buyer
, which prohibits
or
restrains such other
Person
from consummating the
Transactions
;
(g)
In the event the
Base Purchase Price
is to be reduced by more than five percent (5%) as a result of deducting the Estimated Reduction Amount,
Sellers may terminate this Agreement and
will not be obligated to proceed to close the
Transactions
, unless
Buyer
agrees to a
Reduction Factor
of ninety-five percent (95%), and still wishes to close the
Transactions
;
or
(h)
Buyer will not be obligated to close the transaction if year-to-date revenues in 2014 are less than year-to-date revenues in 2013 as of the end of the last complete month prior to closing (according to accounting practices consistent with prior practices and consistent across both years at the Company Group). Seller will not discount pricing on any product in any region below July 2014's pricing without the approval of Buyer. Seller will provide Buyer with monthly reports and trends in average selling price across all product lines and all regions to confirm compliance with this term
.
(a)
In the event that
Sellers
(i) breach any provision of
Section
6.2
herein
and (ii) enter into any agreements
or
other instruments regarding an
Alternative Transaction
within six (6) months following the termination of the
Agreement
,
Sellers
shall pay to
Buyer
a fee (the "
Termination Fee
"), separate and distinct from any other rights of
Buyer
contemplated in the
Agreement
, which shall be equal to the difference between the
Purchase Price herein
and the price paid to
Sellers and/or
their
Affiliates
(exclusive of any earn-out consideration) pursuant to such agreements
or
other instruments regarding an
Alternative Transaction
.
(b)
The
Termination Fee
shall be payable in immediately available funds by wire transfer no later than three (3)
Business Days
after the
closing
(s) of such agreements
or
other instruments.
Buyer
's right to the
Termination Fee
shall be
Buyer
's sole and exclusive remedy for any breach of
Section
6.2
.
10.3
Effect on Obligations
.
In the event of the termination of this Agreement pursuant to
Section 10.1
, no Party will have any liability under this Agreement to any other Party, except: (a) that nothing herein shall relieve any Party from any liability for any breach of any of the representations, warranties, covenants and agreements set forth in this Agreement; (b) the provisions of
Article IX
,
Article XI
, and
Article XII
shall survive such termination; and (c) Buyer, on the one hand, and Sellers and the Company Group, on the other hand, shall be required to continue to comply with the obligations set forth in the NDA pursuant to
Section 12.16
.
ARTICLE XI
DISPUTE RESOLUTION
All disputes arising under this Agreement or any other document referenced in this Agreement, except as provided in
Section 2.3
,
Section 7.4
and
Section 7.5
, shall be settled in accordance with this
Article XI
;
provided
,
however
, that nothing in this
Article XI
shall preclude any Party from seeking injunctive relief in a court of competent jurisdiction in accordance with
Section 12.8
hereof.
11.1
Arbitration
.
The Parties will make a good faith effort to resolve any dispute, controversy or Claim arising out of or relating to this Agreement amongst themselves for a period of thirty (30) days. If the Parties are unable to reach a mutually acceptable resolution of such dispute, controversy or Claim within thirty (30) days, the matter shall be submitted to and settled by arbitration in accordance with the Commercial Arbitration Rules (the "
Rules
") of the American Arbitration Association ("
AAA
"). If AAA is unable or unwilling to arbitrate the matter, the matter shall be settled by arbitration conducted in accordance with the Center for Public Resources Rules for Non-administered Arbitration of Business Disputes before a neutral advisor selected by the Center for Public Resources from its National CPR Panel. The arbitration shall be governed by the United States Arbitration Act, 9 U.S.C. Sec.Sec. 1-16, and judgment upon the award rendered by the arbitrators may be entered by any court having jurisdiction thereof. The place of arbitration shall be Miami, Florida.
11.2
Good Faith
.
The Parties covenant and agree that they will participate in any such arbitration in good faith.
11.3
Procedure
.
In connection with any arbitration proceeding, the arbitrator shall have the power to order the production of documents by each party thereto and any third-party witnesses. In addition, each party may take up to three depositions as of right, and the arbitrator may in its discretion allow additional depositions upon good cause shown by the moving party. However, the arbitrator shall not have the power to order the answering of interrogatories or the response to requests for admission. In connection with any arbitration, each party shall provide to the other, no later than seven (7) Business Days before the date of the arbitration, the identity of all persons that may testify at the arbitration and a copy of all documents that may be introduced at the arbitration or considered or used by a party's witness or expert. The arbitrator's decision and award shall be made and delivered within forty-five (45) days of the selection of the arbitrator. The arbitrator's decision shall set forth a reasoned basis for any award of damages or finding of liability. The arbitrator shall not have power to award damages in excess of actual compensatory damages and shall not multiply actual damages or award punitive damages or any other damages that are specifically excluded under this Agreement, and each party hereby irrevocably waives any claim to such damages. The arbitrator shall have the right to require one party to such arbitration to bear all or a portion of the expenses of the other party(ies) to the arbitration. For the avoidance of doubt, any award, including any award of expenses, shall be subject to the limitations set forth herein, including in
Section 8.3
and
Section 8.5
.
11.4
Consent to Jurisdiction
.
Each of the Parties (i) hereby irrevocably submits to the jurisdiction of the state courts in Delaware and any United States District Court of competent jurisdiction for the purpose of enforcing the award or decision in any such proceeding or in any action seeking injunctive relief or otherwise, and (ii) hereby waives, and agrees not to assert, by way of motion, as a defense, or otherwise, in any such suit, action or proceeding, any Claim that it is not subject personally to the jurisdiction of the above-named courts, that its property is exempt or immune from attachment or execution (except as protected by applicable law), that the suit, action or proceeding is brought in an inconvenient forum, that the venue of the suit, action or proceeding is improper or that this Agreement or the subject matter hereof may not be enforced in or by such court, and hereby waives and agrees not to seek any review by any court of any other jurisdiction which may be called upon to grant an enforcement of the judgment of any such court. Each of the Parties hereby consents to service of process by registered mail pursuant to the notice provisions in
Section 12.2
. Each of the Parties agrees that its submission to jurisdiction and its consent to service of process by mail are made for the express benefit of the other Parties. Final judgment against any Party in any such action, suit or proceeding may be enforced in other jurisdictions by suit, action or proceeding on the judgment, or in any other manner provided by or pursuant to the laws of such other jurisdiction.
ARTICLE XII
MISCELLANEOUS
12.1
Costs
.
Regardless of whether the Transactions are consummated, except as otherwise provided in this Agreement, each Party shall be responsible for, and shall bear, its own costs and expenses (including any broker's or finder's fees) incurred in connection with this Agreement and the Transactions, provided any costs incurred by Sellers or the Company Group in connection with the Transaction shall be excluded from the calculation of any and all financial metrics or ratios set forth in this Agreement, such that the financial metrics or ratios shall be determined as if such costs and expenses had not been expended by Sellers or the Company Group.
12.2
Notices
.
Any notice or other communication required or which may be given hereunder shall be ineffective unless given in writing and shall be deemed duly given: (a) when delivered in person; (b) when transmitted via electronic mail if the sender on the same day sends a confirming copy of such notice by a recognized overnight delivery service (charges prepaid); (c) when transmitted via telecopy (or other facsimile device) to the number set out below if the sender on the same day sends a confirming copy of such notice by a recognized overnight delivery service (charges prepaid); (d) the day following the date (except if not a Business Day, then the next Business Day) on which the same has been delivered with charges prepaid to a reputable national overnight air courier service; or (e) the third (3
rd
) Business Day following the day on which the same is mailed by certified (with the sender's receipt postmarked by a postal employee), registered (in either case, with a copy by ordinary first class mail) or express mail, postage prepaid. All notices or other communications shall be given to the intended recipient as follows:
If to the Company Group prior to the Closing Date:
Company Group
c/o Interinbox S.A.
Rte. de Pre-bois, 29
1215 Geneva
Switzerland
With a copy (which shall not constitute notice or such other communication) to:
Patrick K. Perrin, Esq.
Berg Hill Greenleaf & Ruscitti LLP
1712 Pearl Street
Boulder, CO 80302
Telephone: 303-402-1600
Facsimile: 303-402-1601
If to Sellers and/or Sellers' Representative:
Sellers' Representative
c/o Interinbox S.A.
Rte. de Pre-bois, 29
1215 Geneva
Switzerland
With a copy (which shall not constitute notice or such other communication) to:
Patrick K. Perrin, Esq.
Berg Hill Greenleaf & Ruscitti LLP
1712 Pearl Street
Boulder, CO 80302
Telephone: 303-402-1600
Facsimile: 303-402-1601
If to Buyer, then to:
SMTP
________
________
With a copy (which shall not constitute notice or such other communication) to:
Reed Smith
The designation of the person to be so notified or the address of such person for the purposes of such notice may be changed from time to time by notice hereunder.
12.3
Entire
Agreement
.
This Agreement, together with all Schedules (as amended) and Exhibits attached hereto collectively constitute the entire agreement among the Parties concerning the subject matter hereof and supersede any and all prior written agreements and any and all prior or contemporaneous oral agreements or understandings relating to the subject matter hereof. All negotiations among or between any of the Parties are superseded by the documents set forth in the first sentence of this
Section 12.3
, and there are no representations, warranties, promises, understandings or agreements, oral or written, in relation to the subject matter hereof among or between any of the Parties other than those expressly set forth or expressly incorporated herein.
12.4
Waivers and Amendments
.
Except as otherwise provided herein, this Agreement may not be amended, modified, superseded, canceled, renewed or extended, nor may any term or condition hereof be waived, except by a written instrument or document, which states that it is amending, modifying, superseding, cancelling, renewing, extending, or waiving a term or condition of, this Agreement, as the case may be, signed by Buyer and Sellers' Representative or, in the case of a waiver, signed by the Party sought to be charged therewith. No waiver by any Party of the breach of any provision hereof shall be deemed to constitute a waiver of any continuing or subsequent breach of such provision or any other provision hereof. No failure or delay by any Party in exercising any right, power, privilege or remedy hereunder will operate as a waiver thereof. The rights and remedies expressly granted hereunder shall be cumulative with respect to, and shall not be deemed to exclude, any other rights and remedies to which any Party shall be entitled at Law or in equity.
12.5
Binding Effect; Assignment
.
Except as provided below, this Agreement and all of the terms and provisions hereof shall be binding upon, and shall inure to the benefit of and be enforceable by, the Parties and their respective successors, assigns, heirs, executors, administrators and personal representatives, except that no assignment of all or any part of this Agreement or any right or obligation hereunder may be assigned by any Party without the prior written consent of all other Parties (which consent may be withheld in the sole discretion of such other Parties), and any attempted assignment without such consent shall be void and of no force or effect. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Buyer may assign its rights and obligations hereunder to any Affiliate without the prior approval of Sellers' Representative acting on behalf of Sellers and, prior to the Closing, the Company Group, but any such assignment by Buyer shall not relieve Buyer from its obligations to the Company Group and Sellers hereunder.
12.6
No Rescission
.
No Party shall be entitled to rescind the Transactions by virtue of any failure of any Party's representations and warranties herein to have been true or any failure by any Party to perform its obligations hereunder.
12.7
Governing
Law
.
This Agreement shall be construed in accordance with and governed by the internal Laws of the State of Delaware without giving effect to any choice or conflict of Law provision or rule (whether of the State of Delaware or any other jurisdiction) that would cause the application of Laws of any jurisdiction other than those of the State of Delaware.
12.8
Specific Performance
.
Each of the Parties acknowledges and agrees that the other Parties would be damaged irreparably in the event any of the provisions of this Agreement are not performed in accordance with their specific terms or otherwise are breached. Accordingly, each of the Parties agrees that the other Parties will be entitled to an injunction or injunctions to prevent breaches of the provisions of this Agreement and to enforce specifically this Agreement and the terms and provisions of this Agreement in any action instituted in any court having jurisdiction over the Parties and the matter, in addition to any other remedy to which they may be entitled, at Law or in equity. Each Party agrees to waive the defense that a remedy at law would be adequate in any action for specific performance under this
Section 12.8
.
12.10
Waiver of Jury Trial
.
EACH OF THE PARTIES WAIVES ANY RIGHT HE, SHE OR IT MAY HAVE TO TRIAL BY JURY IN RESPECT OF ANY LITIGATION BASED ON, ARISING OUT OF, UNDER, OR IN CONNECTION WITH THIS AGREEMENT OR ANY COURSE OF CONDUCT, COURSE OF DEALING, VERBAL OR WRITTEN STATEMENT, OR ACTION OF ANY PARTY.
12.11
Construction
.
The Parties have participated jointly in the negotiation and drafting of this Agreement. In the event of an ambiguity or question of intent or interpretation arises, this Agreement will be construed as if drafted jointly by the Parties and no presumption or burden of proof will arise favoring or disfavoring any Party by virtue of the authorship of any provision of this Agreement.
12.12
Agreement
Severable
.
This Agreement shall be deemed to be severable, so that if the application of any provision (or any portion thereof) hereof to any Person or circumstances shall be determined by a court of competent jurisdiction to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable, all remaining provisions hereof shall continue to remain valid and in full force and effect in accordance with their terms, so long as the economic and legal substance of the Transactions is not affected in any manner materially adverse to any Party. Upon such determination that any term or other provision is invalid, illegal or unenforceable, the Parties shall negotiate in good faith to modify this Agreement so as to effect the original intent of the Parties as closely as possible in an acceptable manner in order that the Transactions are consummated as originally contemplated to the greatest extent possible.
12.13
Counterparts
.
This Agreement may be executed and delivered in any number of counterparts (and delivered by facsimile, electronic mail or other electronic exchange), each of which shall be deemed to be an original as against any Party whose signature appears thereon, and all of which shall together constitute one and the same instrument. This Agreement shall be binding when one or more counterparts hereof, individually or taken together, shall bear the signatures of all of the Parties reflected on this Agreement as the signatories.
12.14
No Third
Party
Beneficiaries
.
Except as set forth in
Sections 7.14
, this Agreement shall not confer any rights or remedies upon any Person other than the Parties, the Indemnitees and their respective heirs, representatives, successors and permitted assigns.
12.15
Public Announcements
.
None of Buyer, the Company Group, Sellers or Sellers' Representative (or any of their respective Affiliates) shall make any public announcement or communication or issue any circular in connection with the existence or the subject matter of this Agreement without the prior written approval of all the other Parties (such approval not to be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed). The restriction in this
Section 12.15
shall not apply to the extent that the public announcement, communication or circular is required by Law, by any stock exchange or any regulatory or supervisory body or authority of competent jurisdiction to which the Party is subject or submits, whether or not the requirement has the force of law. If this exception applies, the Party making the public announcement or communication or issuing the circular shall use its reasonable efforts to consult with the other Parties in advance as to its form, content and timing.
12.16
Confidentiality
.
That certain Mutual Non-Disclosure Agreement dated May 26, 2014, by and between the Sellers and Buyer (the "
NDA
") is incorporated herein by reference and shall remain in full force and effect until the earlier of: (a) three years after the Closing; or (b) the date on which the NDA is terminated or expires in accordance with its terms;
provided
,
however
that a Party's obligations with respect to the non-use and non-disclosure of any trade secrets shall survive indefinitely. For the avoidance of doubt, the NDA as incorporated herein shall be deemed to apply to, and to protect the Confidential Information (as defined in the NDA) of the Buyer and its subsidiaries and each of the members of the Company Group and their respective subsidiaries
[SIGNATURES APPEAR ON FOLLOWING PAGE]
IN WITNESS WHEREOF and intending to be legally bound hereby, the Parties have executed this Share Purchase Agreement as of the date first set forth above.
BUYER:
|
SMTP, INC.
|
|
By:
Name:
Jonathan M. Strimling
Title:
CEO
|
COMPANY GROUP:
|
INTERINBOX SA
|
|
By:
Name:
Title:
|
|
ERNEPH 2012B (GRAPHICMAIL SOUTH AFRICA)
By:
Name:
Title:
ERNEPH 2012A (ISMS SOUTH AFRICA)
By:
Name:
Title:
QUATTRO HOSTING LLC USA
By:
Name:
Title:
|
SELLERS:
|
Paul Honig
Nick Eckert
Ernie Retief
PENTASOFT LTD
By:
Name:
Title:
|
Exhibit A
Sellers
Name
|
Address
|
Wire Instructions
|
Paul Honig
|
|
|
Nick Eckert
|
|
|
Ernie Retief
|
|
|
Pentasoft Ltd.
|
|
|
Schedule 3.2(a)(xii)
Employment Agreements
1.
Nick Eckert
2.
Ernie Retief
3.
Guus Bierens
4.
Arend Brink
5.
Lukas Hofer
6.
Charles Chadwick
7.
Andre Strauss
Annex I
Company Group's Knowledge
1.
Meinhardt Honig
2.
Nick Eckert
3.
Ernie Retief
4.
Guus Bierens
5.
Arend Brink
6.
Lukas Hofer
7.
Charles Chadwick
8.
Andre Strauss