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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

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Form 10-Q

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For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2020

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or

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For the transition period from                      to                     

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Commission File Number: 001-37477

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(203) 635-2002

(Registrant’s telephone number including area code)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ⌧  No ◻

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Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes  ⌧  No  ◻

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Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer”, “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

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If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ◻

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Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.) Yes  ☐  No  ⌧

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As of April 27, 2020, the Registrant had 74,453,266 shares of Common Stock outstanding.

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TELADOC HEALTH, INC.

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QUARTERLY REPORT ON FORM 10-Q

For the period ended March 31, 2020

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See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

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See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements

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See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

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See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

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Note 1. Organization and Description of Business

Teladoc, Inc. was incorporated in the State of Texas in June 2002 and changed its state of incorporation to the State of Delaware in October 2008. Effective August 10, 2018, Teladoc, Inc. changed its corporate name to Teladoc Health, Inc. Unless the context otherwise requires, Teladoc Health, Inc., together with its subsidiaries, is referred to herein as “Teladoc Health” or the “Company”. The Company’s principal executive office is located in Purchase, New York. Teladoc Health is the global leader in providing virtual healthcare services with a focus on high quality, lower costs, and improved outcomes around the world.

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On January 12, 2020, the Company entered into a definitive agreement to acquire InTouch Technologies, Inc., the leading provider of enterprise telehealth solutions for hospitals and health systems. The transaction is expected to close in mid-2020. Under the terms of the agreement, the purchase price of $600.0 million will consist of approximately $150.0 million in cash as well as $450.0 million of Teladoc Health’s common stock which is subject to adjustment based on the average of the Company’s stock price for the ten full trading days prior to the completion of the acquisition.

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Note 2. Basis of Presentation and Principles of Consolidation

Basis of Presentation and Principles of Consolidation

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) and applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) regarding interim financial reporting. In the opinion of the Company’s management, the accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements contain all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals and adjustments) necessary to present fairly the financial position, results of operations and cash flows of the Company at the dates and for the periods indicated. The interim results for the quarter ended March 31, 2020 are not necessarily indicative of results for the full 2020 calendar year or any other future interim periods. As such, the information included in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes included in the Company’s Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019

The unaudited consolidated financial statements include the results of Teladoc Health, its wholly owned subsidiaries, as well as two professional associations, fourteen professional corporations and a service corporation (the “Association”).

Teladoc Physicians, P.A. became Teladoc Health Medical Group, P.A. on January 1, 2020. Teladoc Health Medical Group, P.A. is party to several services agreements by and among it and the professional corporations pursuant to which each professional corporation provides services to Teladoc Health Medical Group, P.A. Each professional corporation is established pursuant to the requirements of its respective domestic jurisdiction governing the corporate practice of medicine.

The Company holds a variable interest in the Association which contracts with physicians and other health professionals in order to provide services to Teladoc Health. The Association is considered a variable interest entity (“VIE”) since it does not have sufficient equity to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support. An enterprise having a controlling financial interest in a VIE, must consolidate the VIE if it has both power and benefits—that is, it has (1) the power to direct the activities of a VIE that most significantly impact the VIE’s economic performance (power) and (2) the obligation to absorb losses of the VIE that potentially could be significant to the VIE or the right to receive benefits from the VIE that potentially could be significant to the VIE (benefits). The Company has the power and rights to control all activities of the Association and funds and absorbs all losses of the VIE.

Total revenue and net (loss) income for the VIE were $42.5 million and $(0.1) million, respectively, for the quarter ended March 31, 2020 and $21.1 million and $(0.1) million, respectively, for the quarter ended March 31, 2019. The VIE’s total assets were $22.8 million and $13.6 million at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. Total liabilities for the VIE were $60.4 million and $51.3 million at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. The VIE’s total stockholders’ deficit was $37.8 million and $37.7 million at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively.

The functional currency for each of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries is the local currency. All assets and liabilities denominated in a foreign currency are translated into U.S. dollars at the exchange rate on the balance sheet

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date. Revenues and expenses are translated at the weighted average exchange rate during the period. Cumulative translation gains or losses are included in stockholders’ equity as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss).

The Company operates in a single reportable segment – health services. Revenue earned by foreign operations outside of the United States were $29.4 million and $25.2 million for the quarters ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Long-lived assets from foreign operations both totaled $2.2 million as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019.

All intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

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In December 2019, FASB issued ASU 2019-12 Simplification of Income Taxes (Topic 740) Income Taxes. ASU 2019-12 simplifies the accounting for income taxes by removing certain exceptions to the general principles in Topic 740. The amendments also improve consistent application of and simplify GAAP for other areas of Topic 740 by clarifying and amending existing guidance. ASU 2019-12 is effective for public companies for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2020, including interim periods within those fiscal years. We are early adopting ASU 2019-12 on our consolidated financial statements and disclosures effective January 1, 2020, with no material impact to the financial statements.

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In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-04, Goodwill Simplifications (Topic 350). ASU 2017-04 simplifies the test for goodwill impairment. The new guidance eliminates Step 2 from the goodwill impairment test as currently prescribed in the U.S. generally accepted accounting principle. This ASU is the result of the FASB project focused on simplifications to accounting for goodwill. The new guidance was effective for the first quarter of 2020 and was adopted in the quarter-ended December 31, 2019.

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In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326) Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments. ASU 2016-13 requires an entity to utilize a new impairment model known as the current expected credit loss ("CECL") model to estimate its lifetime "expected credit loss" and record an allowance that, when deducted from the amortized cost basis of the financial asset, presents the net amount expected to be collected on the financial asset. The CECL model is expected to result in more timely recognition of credit losses. ASU 2016-13 requires new disclosures for financial assets measured at amortized cost, loans and available-for-sale debt securities. ASU 2016- 13 is effective for public companies for annual periods beginning after December 13, 2019, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The standard will apply as a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings as of the beginning of the first reporting period in which the guidance is adopted. The guidance was effective for the first quarter of 2020 and was adopted in the quarter ended March 31, 2020, with no material impact to the financial statements.

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

There have been no changes to the significant accounting policies described in the 2019 Form 10-K that have had a material impact on the consolidated financial statements and related notes. The Company has not experienced any significant impact to it’s estimates and assumptions as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. On an ongoing basis, the Company will continue to closely monitor for any changes to the related impacts, especially on the allowance for doubtful accounts.

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Note 3. Revenue

The Company generates virtual healthcare service revenue from contracts with clients who purchase access to the Company’s professional provider network or medical experts for their employees, dependents and other beneficiaries. The Company’s client contracts include a per-member-per-month subscription access fee as well as certain contracts that generate additional revenue on a per-telehealth visit basis for general medical, other specialty visits and expert medical service on a per case basis. The Company also has certain contracts that generate revenue based solely on a per telehealth visit basis for general medical and other specialty visits. For the Company’s direct-to-consumer behavioral health product, members purchase access to the Company’s professional provider network for a subscription access fee. Accordingly, the Company generates subscription access revenue from subscription access fees and visit fee revenue for general medical, expert medical service and other specialty visits.

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The Company’s agreements generally have a term of one year. The majority of clients renew their contracts following their first year of services. Revenues are recognized when the Company satisfies its performance obligation to stand ready to provide telehealth services which occurs when the Company’s clients and members have access to and obtain control of the telehealth service. The Company generally bills for the telehealth services on a monthly basis with payment terms generally being 30 days. There are not significant differences between the timing of revenue recognition and billing. Consequently, the Company has determined that client contracts do not include a financing component. Revenue is recognized in an amount that reflects the consideration that is expected in exchange for the service and includes a variable transaction price as the number of members may vary from period to period. Based on historical experience, the Company estimates this amount.

Subscription access revenue accounted for approximately 76% and 82% of our total revenue for the quarters ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

The following table presents the Company’s revenues disaggregated by revenue source (in thousands):

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As of March 31, 2020, accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts, were $70.7 million. The allowance for doubtful accounts reflects our best estimate of probable losses inherent in the accounts receivable balance. The Company determines the allowance based on historical experience, specific account information and other currently available evidence.

For certain services, payment is required for future months before the service is delivered to the client or member. The Company records deferred revenue when cash payments are received in advance of the Company’s performance obligation to provide services. The net increase of $5.4 million and $2.9 million in the deferred revenue balance for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively, are primarily driven by the direct-to-consumer behavioral health product and cash payments received or due in advance of satisfying the Company’s performance obligations, offset by revenue recognized that were included in the deferred revenue balance at the beginning of the period. The Company anticipates that it will satisfy most of its performance obligations associated with the deferred revenue within the prospective fiscal year.

The Company’s contracts do not generally contain refund provisions for fees earned related to services performed. However, the Company’s direct-to-consumer behavioral health service provides for member refunds. Based on historical experience, the Company estimates the expected amount of refunds to be issued which are recorded as a reduction of revenue. The Company issued refunds of approximately $1.2 million and $0.6 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

Additionally, certain of the Company’s contracts include client performance guarantees that are based upon minimum Member utilization and guarantees by the Company for specific service level performance of the Company’s services. If client performance guarantees are not being realized, the Company records, as a reduction to revenue, an estimate of the amount that will be due at the end of the respective client’s contractual period. For the quarter ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, revenue recognized from performance obligations related to prior periods for the aforementioned changes in transaction price or client performance guarantees, were not material.

The Company has elected the optional exemption to not disclose the remaining performance obligations of its contracts since substantially all of its contracts have a duration of one year or less and the variable consideration expected to be received over the duration of the contract is allocated entirely to the wholly unsatisfied performance obligations.

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Note 4. Business Acquisitions

On April 30, 2019, the Company completed the acquisition of the Paris-based telemedicine provider MedecinDirect in which MedecinDirect became a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company. The aggregate merger consideration paid was $11.2 million with additional potential earnout consideration. The acquisition was considered a stock acquisition for tax purposes and accordingly, the goodwill resulting from the acquisition is not tax deductible.

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Amortization expense for intangible assets was $8.9 million and $8.7 million for the quarters ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

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Note 7. Leases

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The Company commenced a new 5 year lease on March 1, 2020 for office space in Santa Clara, CA. As a result the Company recorded a right-of-use asset and lease liability of $6.8 million as of March 1, 2020.

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Note 9. Fair Value Measurements

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The Company measures its financial assets and liabilities at fair value at each reporting period using a fair value hierarchy that requires it to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. A financial instrument’s classification within the fair value hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. Three levels of inputs may be used to measure fair value:

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Level 1—Observable inputs that reflect quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active

markets.

Level 2—Include other inputs that are directly or indirectly observable in the marketplace.

Level 3—Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity.

The Company measures its cash equivalents at fair value on a recurring basis. The Company classifies its cash equivalents within Level 1 because they are valued using observable inputs that reflect quoted prices for identical assets in active markets and quoted prices directly in active markets.

The Company measures its short-term investments at fair value on a recurring basis and classifies such as Level 2. They are valued using observable inputs that reflect quoted prices directly or indirectly in active markets. The short-term investments amortized cost approximates fair value.

The Company measured its contingent consideration at fair value on a recurring basis and classified such as Level 3. The Company estimates the fair value of contingent consideration as the present value of the expected contingent payments, determined using the weighted probability of the possible payments.

The following tables present information about the Company’s assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis using the above input categories (in thousands):

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There were no transfers between fair value measurement levels during the quarter ended March 31, 2020 and 2019.

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The change in fair value of the Company’s contingent liability is recorded in general and administrative expenses in the consolidated statements of operations. The following table reconciles the beginning and ending balance of the Company’s Level 3 contingent liability:

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Note 10. Revolving Credit Facility

The Company entered into a $10.0 million Senior Secured Revolving Credit Facility (the “New Revolving Credit Facility”) in 2017. The New Revolving Credit Facility is available for working capital and other general corporate purposes. The Company has maintained the New Revolving Credit Facility and, there was no amount outstanding as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019. The Company utilized $2.2 million of letters of credit for facility security deposits at March 31, 2020.

The Company was in compliance with all debt covenants at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019.

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Note 11. Convertible Senior Notes

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Convertible Senior Notes Due 2025

On May 8, 2018, the Company issued, at par value, $287.5 million aggregate principal amount of 1.375% convertible senior notes due 2025. The 2025 Notes bear cash interest at a rate of 1.375% per year, payable semi-annually in arrears on May 15 and November 15 of each year. The 2025 Notes will mature on May 15, 2025. The net proceeds to the Company from the offering were $279.1 million after deducting offering costs of approximately $8.4 million.

The 2025 Notes are senior unsecured obligations of the Company and rank senior in right of payment to the Company’s indebtedness that is expressly subordinated in right of payment to the 2025 Notes; equal in right of payment to the Company’s liabilities that is not so subordinated; effectively junior in right of payment to any of the Company’s secured indebtedness to the extent of the value of the assets securing such indebtedness; and structurally junior to all indebtedness and other liabilities incurred by the Company’s subsidiaries.

Holders may convert all or any portion of their 2025 Notes in integral multiples of $1,000 principal amount, at their option, at any time prior to the close of business on the business day immediately preceding November 15, 2024 only under the following circumstances:

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On or after November 15, 2024, until the close of business on the second scheduled trading day immediately preceding the maturity date, holders may convert all or any portion of their 2025 Notes, regardless of the foregoing circumstances.

The conversion rate for the 2025 Notes was initially, and remains, 18.6621 shares of the Company’s common stock per $1,000 principal amount of the 2025 Notes, which is equivalent to an initial conversion price of approximately $53.58 per share of the Company’s common stock. Upon conversion, the Company will pay or deliver, as the case may be, cash, shares of the Company’s common stock or a combination thereof, at the Company’s election. If the Company elects to satisfy the conversion obligation solely in cash or through payment and delivery, as the case may be, of a combination of cash and shares of the Company’s common stock, the amount of cash and shares of the Company’s common stock, if any, due upon conversion will be based on a daily conversion value calculated on a proportionate basis for each trading day in a 25 trading day observation period.

The Company may redeem for cash all or any portion of the 2025 Notes, at its option, on or after May 22, 2022 if the last reported sale price of its common stock exceeds 130% of the conversion price then in effect for at least 20 trading days (whether or not consecutive) during any 30 consecutive trading days ending on, and including the trading day immediately preceding the date on which the Company provides notice of the redemption. The redemption price will be the principal amount of the 2025 Notes to be redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any. In addition, calling any 2025 Note for redemption on or after May 22, 2022 will constitute a make-whole fundamental change with respect to that 2025 Note, in which case the conversion rate applicable to the conversion of that Note, if it is converted in connection with the redemption, will be increased in certain circumstances as described in the 2025 Notes Indenture.

In accounting for the issuance of the 2025 Notes, the Company separated the 2025 Notes into liability and equity components. The carrying amount of the liability component was calculated by measuring the fair value of a similar liability that does not have an associated convertible feature. The carrying amount of the equity component representing the conversion option was determined by deducting the fair value of the liability component from the par value of the 2025 Notes as a whole. The excess of the principal amount of the liability component over its carrying amount, referred to as the debt discount, is amortized to interest expense from the issuance date to November 15, 2024 (the first date on which the Company may be required to repurchase the 2025 Notes at the option of the holder). The equity component is not re-measured as long as it continues to meet the conditions for equity classification. The equity component related to the 2025 Notes was $91.4 million, net of issuance costs which was recorded in additional paid-in capital on the accompanying consolidated balance sheet.

In accounting for the transaction costs related to the issuance of the 2025 Notes, the Company allocated the total costs incurred to the liability and equity components of the 2025 Notes based on their relative values. Transaction costs attributable to the liability component are being amortized to interest expense over the seven-year term of the 2025 Notes, and transaction costs attributable to the equity component are netted with the equity component in stockholders’ equity.

The 2025 Notes consist of the following (in thousands):

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The fair value of the 2025 Notes was approximately $833.8 million as of March 31, 2020. The Company estimates the fair value of its 2025 Notes utilizing market quotations for debt that have quoted prices in active markets. Since the 2025 Notes do not trade on a daily basis in an active market, the fair value estimates are based on market observable inputs based on borrowing rates currently available for debt with similar terms and average maturities, which are classified as Level 2 measurements within the fair value hierarchy. See Note 9, “Fair Value Measurements,” for

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definitions of hierarchy levels. As of March 31, 2020, the remaining contractual life of the 2025 Notes is approximately 5.1 years.

The following table sets forth total interest expense recognized related to the 2025 Notes (in thousands):

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Convertible Senior Notes Due 2022

On June 27, 2017, the Company issued, at par value, $275 million aggregate principal amount of 3% convertible senior notes due 2022. The 2022 Notes bear cash interest at a rate of 3% per year, payable semi-annually in arrears on June 15 and December 15 of each year. The 2022 Notes will mature on December 15, 2022. The net proceeds to the Company from the offering were $263.7 million after deducting offering costs of approximately $11.3 million.

The 2022 Notes are senior unsecured obligations of the Company and rank senior in right of payment to the Company’s indebtedness that is expressly subordinated in right of payment to the 2022 Notes; equal in right of payment to the Company’s liabilities that is not so subordinated; effectively junior in right of payment to any of the Company’s secured indebtedness to the extent of the value of the assets securing such indebtedness; and structurally junior to all indebtedness and other liabilities incurred by the Company’s subsidiaries.

Holders may convert all or any portion of their 2022 Notes in integral multiples of $1,000 principal amount, at their option, at any time prior to the close of business on the business day immediately preceding June 15, 2022 only under the following circumstances:

On or after June 15, 2022, until the close of business on the second scheduled trading day immediately preceding the maturity date, holders may convert all or any portion of their 2022 Notes, regardless of the foregoing circumstances.

The conversion rate for the 2022 Notes was initially, and remains, 22.7247 shares of the Company’s common stock per $1,000 principal amount of the 2022 Notes, which is equivalent to an initial conversion price of approximately $44.00 per share of the Company’s common stock. Upon conversion, the Company will pay or deliver, as the case may be, cash, shares of the Company’s common stock or a combination thereof, at the Company’s election. If the Company elects to satisfy the conversion obligation solely in cash or through payment and delivery, as the case may be, of a combination of cash and shares of the Company’s common stock, the amount of cash and shares of the Company’s common stock, if any, due upon conversion will be based on a daily conversion value calculated on a proportionate basis for each trading day in a 25 trading day observation period.

The Company may redeem for cash all or any portion of the 2022 Notes, at its option, on or after December 22, 2020 if the last reported sale price of its common stock exceeds 130% of the conversion price then in effect for at least

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20 trading days (whether or not consecutive) during any 30 consecutive trading days ending on, and including the trading day immediately preceding the date on which the Company provides notice of the redemption. The redemption price will be the principal amount of the 2022 Notes to be redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any. In addition, calling any 2022 Note for redemption on or after December 22, 2020 will constitute a make-whole fundamental change with respect to that 2022 Note, in which case the conversion rate applicable to the conversion of that Note, if it is converted in connection with the redemption, will be increased in certain circumstances as described in the 2022 Notes Indenture.

In accounting for the issuance of the 2022 Notes, the Company separated the 2022 Notes into liability and equity components. The carrying amount of the liability component was calculated by measuring the fair value of a similar liability that does not have an associated convertible feature. The carrying amount of the equity component representing the conversion option was determined by deducting the fair value of the liability component from the par value of the 2022 Notes as a whole. The excess of the principal amount of the liability component over its carrying amount, referred to as the debt discount, is amortized to interest expense from the issuance date to June 15, 2022 (the first date on which the Company may be required to repurchase the 2022 Notes at the option of the holder). The equity component is not re-measured as long as it continues to meet the conditions for equity classification. The equity component related to the 2022 Notes was $62.4 million, net of issuance costs which was recorded in additional paid-in capital on the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheet.

In accounting for the transaction costs related to the issuance of the 2022 Notes, the Company allocated the total costs incurred to the liability and equity components of the 2022 Notes based on their relative values. Transaction costs attributable to the liability component are being amortized to interest expense over the five and a half year term of the 2022 Notes, and transaction costs attributable to the equity component are netted with the equity components in stockholders’ equity.

The 2022 Notes consist of the following (in thousands):

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The fair value of the 2022 Notes was approximately $970.2 million as of March 31, 2020. The Company estimates the fair value of its 2022 Notes utilizing market quotations for debt that have quoted prices in active markets. Since the 2022 Notes do not trade on a daily basis in an active market, the fair value estimates are based on market observable inputs based on borrowing rates currently available for debt with similar terms and average maturities, which are classified as Level 2 measurements within the fair value hierarchy. See Note 9, “Fair Value Measurements,” for definitions of hierarchy levels. As of March 31, 2020, the remaining contractual life of the 2022 Notes is approximately 2.7 years.

The following table sets forth total interest expense recognized related to the 2022 Notes (in thousands):

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Note 12. Legal Matters

From time to time, Teladoc Health is involved in various litigation matters arising out of the normal course of business, including the matters described below. The Company consults with legal counsel on those issues related to litigation and seek input from other experts and advisors with respect to such matters. Estimating the probable losses or a range of probable losses resulting from litigation, government actions and other legal proceedings is inherently difficult and requires an extensive degree of judgment, particularly where the matters involve indeterminate claims for monetary damages, may involve discretionary amounts, present novel legal theories, are in the early stages of the proceedings, or are subject to appeal. Whether any losses, damages or remedies ultimately resulting from such matters could reasonably have a material effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows will depend on a number of variables, including, for example, the timing and amount of such losses or damages (if any) and the structure and type of any such remedies. Teladoc Health’s management does not presently expect any litigation matter to have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.

On December 12, 2018, a purported securities class action complaint (Reiner v. Teladoc Health, Inc., et.al.) was filed in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York (the “SDNY”) against the Company and certain of the Company’s officers and a former officer. The complaint is brought on behalf of a purported class consisting of all persons or entities who purchased or otherwise acquired shares of the Company’s common stock during the period March 3, 2016 through December 5, 2019. The complaint asserts violations of Sections 10(b) and 20(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 based on allegedly false or misleading statements and omissions with respect to, among other things, the alleged misconduct of one of the Company’s previous Executive Officers. The complaint seeks certification as a class action and unspecified compensatory damages plus interest and attorneys’ fees. The Company believes that the claims against the Company and its officers are without merit, and the Company and its named officers intend to defend the Company vigorously, including filing a motion to dismiss the complaint.

In addition, on June 21, 2019, a stockholder derivative lawsuit (Kreutter v. Gorevic, et al.) was filed in the SDNY against certain current and former directors and officers of the Company. The derivative lawsuit alleges that the named directors and officers breached their fiduciary duties to the Company in connection with factual assertions substantially similar to those in the purported securities class action complaint described above. The Company believes that the claims set forth in this stockholder derivative lawsuit are without merit.

On May 14, 2018, a purported class action complaint (Thomas v. Best Doctors, Inc.) was filed in the United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts against the Company’s wholly owned subsidiary, Best Doctors, Inc. The complaint alleges that on or about May 16, 2017, Best Doctors violated the U.S. Telephone Consumer Protection Act (TCPA) by sending unsolicited facsimiles to plaintiff and certain other recipients without the recipients’ prior express invitation or permission. The lawsuit seeks statutory damages for each violation, subject to trebling under the TCPA, and injunctive relief. The Company will vigorously defend the lawsuit and any potential loss is currently deemed to be immaterial.

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Note 13. Common Stock and Stockholders’ Equity

Capitalization

Effective May 31, 2018, the authorized number of shares of the Company’s common stock was increased from 100,000,000 to 150,000,000 shares.

Stock Plan and Stock Options

The Company’s 2015 Incentive Award Plan and 2017 Inducement Plan (the “Plan”) provides for the issuance of incentive and non-statutory options and other equity-based awards to its employees and non-employees. Options issued under the Plan are exercisable for periods not to exceed ten years, and vest and contain such other terms and conditions as specified in the applicable award document. Options to buy common stock are issued under the Plan, with exercise prices equal to the closing price of shares of the Company’s common stock on the New York Stock Exchange on the date of award. The Company had 8,161,962 shares available for grant at March 31, 2020.

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Activity under the Plan is as follows (in thousands, except share and per share amounts and years):

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The total grant-date fair value of stock options granted during the quarters ended March 31, 2020 and 2019 was $0.3 million and $1.2 million, respectively.

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Stock-Based Compensation

All stock-based awards to employees are measured based on the grant-date fair value of the awards and are generally recognized on a straight line basis in the Company’s consolidated statement of operations over the period during which the employee is required to perform services in exchange for the award (generally requiring a four-year vesting period for each stock option and a three-year vesting period for each restricted stock unit (“RSU”). The Company estimates the fair value of stock options granted using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model.

The assumptions used in the Black-Scholes option-pricing model are determined as follows:

Volatility. Since the Company does not have a trading history prior to July 2015 for its common stock, the expected volatility was derived from the historical stock volatilities of several unrelated public companies within its industry that it considers to be comparable to its business combined with the Company’s stock volatility over a period equivalent to the expected term of the stock option grants.

Risk-Free Interest Rate. The risk-free interest rate is based on U.S. Treasury zero-coupon issues with terms similar to the expected term on the options.

Expected Term. The expected term represents the period that the stock-based awards are expected to be outstanding. When establishing the expected term assumption, the Company utilizes historical data.

Dividend Yield. The Company has never declared or paid any cash dividends and does not plan to pay cash dividends in the foreseeable future, and therefore, it used an expected dividend yield of zero.

Forfeiture rate. The Company recognizes forfeitures as they occur.

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