UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)
☒ |
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2018
OR
☐ |
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
Commission File Number: 001-34756
Tesla, Inc.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware |
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91-2197729 |
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) |
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(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) |
3500 Deer Creek Road Palo Alto, California |
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94304 |
(Address of principal executive offices) |
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(Zip Code) |
(650) 681-5000
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (“Exchange Act”) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company”, and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act:
Large accelerated filer |
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☒ |
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Accelerated filer |
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☐ |
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Non-accelerated filer |
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☐ |
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(Do not check if a smaller reporting company) |
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Smaller reporting company |
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☐ |
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Emerging growth company |
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☐ |
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If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒
As of April 30, 2018, there were 169,793,685 shares of the registrant’s common stock outstanding.
FORM 10-Q FOR THE QUARTER ENDED MARCH 31, 2018
INDEX
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Page |
PART I. |
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Item 1. |
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4 |
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4 |
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5 |
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6 |
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7 |
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8 |
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Item 2. |
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Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations |
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33 |
Item 3. |
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42 |
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Item 4. |
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42 |
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PART II. |
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Item 1. |
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43 |
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Item 1A. |
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44 |
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Item 2. |
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59 |
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Item 3. |
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59 |
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Item 4. |
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59 |
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Item 5. |
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60 |
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Item 6. |
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60 |
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62 |
The discussions in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contain forward-looking statements reflecting our current expectations that involve risks and uncertainties. These forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements concerning our strategy, future operations, future financial position, future revenues, projected costs, profitability, expected cost reductions, capital adequacy, expectations regarding demand and acceptance for our technologies, growth opportunities and trends in the market in which we operate, prospects and plans and objectives of management. The words “anticipates”, “believes”, “could”, “estimates”, “expects”, “intends”, “may”, “plans”, “projects”, “will”, “would” and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements, although not all forward-looking statements contain these identifying words. We may not actually achieve the plans, intentions or expectations disclosed in our forward-looking statements and you should not place undue reliance on our forward-looking statements. Actual results or events could differ materially from the plans, intentions and expectations disclosed in the forward-looking statements that we make. These forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties that could cause our actual results to differ materially from those in the forward-looking statements, including, without limitation, the risks set forth in Part II, Item 1A, “Risk Factors” in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and in our other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission. We do not assume any obligation to update any forward-looking statements.
P ART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATIO N
Tesla, Inc.
(in thousands, except for par values)
(unaudited)
|
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March 31, |
|
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December 31, |
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||
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2018 |
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2017 |
|
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Assets |
|
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Current assets |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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Cash and cash equivalents |
|
$ |
2,665,673 |
|
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$ |
3,367,914 |
|
Restricted cash |
|
|
120,194 |
|
|
|
155,323 |
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Accounts receivable, net |
|
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652,848 |
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|
515,381 |
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Inventory |
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2,565,826 |
|
|
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2,263,537 |
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Prepaid expenses and other current assets |
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|
379,379 |
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268,365 |
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Total current assets |
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6,383,920 |
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|
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6,570,520 |
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Operating lease vehicles, net |
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2,315,124 |
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4,116,604 |
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Solar energy systems, leased and to be leased, net |
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6,346,374 |
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6,347,490 |
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Property, plant and equipment, net |
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10,519,226 |
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10,027,522 |
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Intangible assets, net |
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|
346,428 |
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|
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361,502 |
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Goodwill |
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61,284 |
|
|
|
60,237 |
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MyPower customer notes receivable, net of current portion |
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|
449,754 |
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|
456,652 |
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Restricted cash, net of current portion |
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|
433,841 |
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|
441,722 |
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Other assets |
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415,478 |
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|
273,123 |
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Total assets |
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$ |
27,271,429 |
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$ |
28,655,372 |
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Liabilities |
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Current liabilities |
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Accounts payable |
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$ |
2,603,498 |
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$ |
2,390,250 |
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Accrued liabilities and other |
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1,898,431 |
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|
|
1,731,366 |
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Deferred revenue |
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|
536,465 |
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1,015,253 |
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Resale value guarantees |
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629,112 |
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787,333 |
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Customer deposits |
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984,823 |
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853,919 |
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Current portion of long-term debt and capital leases |
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1,915,530 |
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796,549 |
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Current portion of solar bonds and promissory notes issued to related parties |
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82,500 |
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100,000 |
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Total current liabilities |
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8,650,359 |
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7,674,670 |
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Long-term debt and capital leases, net of current portion |
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8,761,070 |
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9,415,700 |
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Solar bonds issued to related parties, net of current portion |
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100 |
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100 |
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Convertible senior notes issued to related parties |
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2,556 |
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2,519 |
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Deferred revenue, net of current portion |
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818,250 |
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1,177,799 |
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Resale value guarantees, net of current portion |
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756,800 |
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2,309,222 |
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Other long-term liabilities |
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2,561,886 |
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2,442,970 |
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Total liabilities |
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21,551,021 |
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23,022,980 |
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Commitments and contingencies (Note 12) |
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Redeemable noncontrolling interests in subsidiaries |
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405,835 |
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397,734 |
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Convertible senior notes (Note 10) |
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2 |
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70 |
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Equity |
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Stockholders' equity |
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Preferred stock; $0.001 par value; 100,000 shares authorized; no shares issued and outstanding |
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— |
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— |
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Common stock; $0.001 par value; 2,000,000 shares authorized; 169,750 and 168,797 shares issued and outstanding as of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively |
|
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170 |
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|
169 |
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Additional paid-in capital |
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9,418,896 |
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9,178,024 |
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Accumulated other comprehensive gain |
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82,921 |
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33,348 |
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Accumulated deficit |
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(5,051,292 |
) |
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(4,974,299 |
) |
Total stockholders' equity |
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4,450,695 |
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4,237,242 |
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Noncontrolling interests in subsidiaries |
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863,876 |
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|
997,346 |
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Total liabilities and equity |
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$ |
27,271,429 |
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$ |
28,655,372 |
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The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
4
Tesla, Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Operations
(in thousands, except per share data)
(unaudited)
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Three Months Ended March 31, |
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2018 |
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2017 |
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Revenues |
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Automotive sales |
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$ |
2,561,881 |
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$ |
2,035,060 |
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Automotive leasing |
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173,436 |
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254,540 |
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Total automotive revenues |
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2,735,317 |
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2,289,600 |
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Energy generation and storage |
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410,022 |
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213,944 |
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Services and other |
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263,412 |
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192,726 |
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Total revenues |
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3,408,751 |
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2,696,270 |
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Cost of revenues |
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Automotive sales |
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2,091,397 |
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1,496,649 |
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Automotive leasing |
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|
104,496 |
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|
|
166,026 |
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Total automotive cost of revenues |
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2,195,893 |
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1,662,675 |
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Energy generation and storage |
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|
375,363 |
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|
151,773 |
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Services and other |
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|
380,969 |
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|
213,876 |
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Total cost of revenues |
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2,952,225 |
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|
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2,028,324 |
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Gross profit |
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456,526 |
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|
667,946 |
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Operating expenses |
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Research and development |
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|
367,096 |
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322,040 |
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Selling, general and administrative |
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686,404 |
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|
603,455 |
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Total operating expenses |
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1,053,500 |
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|
|
925,495 |
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Loss from operations |
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|
(596,974 |
) |
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|
(257,549 |
) |
Interest income |
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|
5,214 |
|
|
|
3,090 |
|
Interest expense |
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|
(149,546 |
) |
|
|
(99,346 |
) |
Other expense, net |
|
|
(37,716 |
) |
|
|
(18,098 |
) |
Loss before income taxes |
|
|
(779,022 |
) |
|
|
(371,903 |
) |
Provision for income taxes |
|
|
5,605 |
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|
|
25,278 |
|
Net loss |
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|
(784,627 |
) |
|
|
(397,181 |
) |
Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests and redeemable noncontrolling interests in subsidiaries |
|
|
(75,076 |
) |
|
|
(66,904 |
) |
Net loss attributable to common stockholders |
|
$ |
(709,551 |
) |
|
$ |
(330,277 |
) |
Net loss per share of common stock attributable to common stockholders |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic |
|
$ |
(4.19 |
) |
|
$ |
(2.04 |
) |
Diluted |
|
$ |
(4.19 |
) |
|
$ |
(2.04 |
) |
Weighted average shares used in computing net loss per share of common stock |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic |
|
|
169,146 |
|
|
|
162,129 |
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Diluted |
|
|
169,146 |
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|
|
162,129 |
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
5
Tesla, Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss
(in thousands)
(unaudited)
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Three Months Ended March 31, |
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|||||
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2018 |
|
|
2017 |
|
||
Net loss attributable to common stockholders |
|
$ |
(709,551 |
) |
|
$ |
(330,277 |
) |
Unrealized gains (losses) on derivatives: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Reclassification adjustment for net losses into net loss |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
(5,570 |
) |
Net unrealized loss on derivatives |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
(5,570 |
) |
Foreign currency translation adjustment |
|
|
49,573 |
|
|
|
8,541 |
|
Other comprehensive income |
|
|
49,573 |
|
|
|
2,971 |
|
Comprehensive loss |
|
$ |
(659,978 |
) |
|
$ |
(327,306 |
) |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
6
Tesla, Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(in thousands)
(unaudited)
|
|
Three Months Ended March 31, |
|
|||||
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2018 |
|
|
2017 |
|
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Cash Flows from Operating Activities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net loss |
|
$ |
(784,627 |
) |
|
$ |
(397,181 |
) |
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Depreciation and amortization |
|
|
416,233 |
|
|
|
376,602 |
|
Stock-based compensation |
|
|
141,639 |
|
|
|
103,717 |
|
Amortization of debt discounts and issuance costs |
|
|
39,345 |
|
|
|
31,747 |
|
Inventory write-downs |
|
|
18,546 |
|
|
|
26,918 |
|
Loss on disposals of fixed assets |
|
|
52,237 |
|
|
|
41,120 |
|
Foreign currency transaction losses |
|
|
47,661 |
|
|
|
5,064 |
|
Loss related to SolarCity acquisition |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
11,571 |
|
Non-cash interest and other operating activities |
|
|
(3,984 |
) |
|
|
(6,589 |
) |
Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of effect of business combinations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accounts receivable |
|
|
(169,142 |
) |
|
|
91,541 |
|
Inventories |
|
|
(322,081 |
) |
|
|
(124,514 |
) |
Operating lease vehicles |
|
|
(97,196 |
) |
|
|
(458,965 |
) |
Prepaid expenses and other current assets |
|
|
(50,001 |
) |
|
|
(75,504 |
) |
MyPower customer notes receivable and other assets |
|
|
(57,583 |
) |
|
|
8,006 |
|
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities |
|
|
317,983 |
|
|
|
2,531 |
|
Deferred revenue |
|
|
45,795 |
|
|
|
103,941 |
|
Customer deposits |
|
|
67,359 |
|
|
|
(51,004 |
) |
Resale value guarantee |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
184,579 |
|
Other long-term liabilities |
|
|
(60,560 |
) |
|
|
56,609 |
|
Net cash used in operating activities |
|
|
(398,376 |
) |
|
|
(69,811 |
) |
Cash Flows from Investing Activities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Purchases of property and equipment excluding capital leases, net of sales |
|
|
(655,662 |
) |
|
|
(552,624 |
) |
Purchases of solar energy systems, leased and to be leased |
|
|
(72,975 |
) |
|
|
(219,948 |
) |
Business combinations, net of cash acquired |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
(109,147 |
) |
Net cash used in investing activities |
|
|
(728,637 |
) |
|
|
(881,719 |
) |
Cash Flows from Financing Activities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Proceeds from issuances of common stock in public offerings |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
400,175 |
|
Proceeds from issuances of convertible and other debt |
|
|
1,775,481 |
|
|
|
1,838,166 |
|
Repayments of convertible and other debt |
|
|
(1,389,388 |
) |
|
|
(690,945 |
) |
Repayments of borrowings under Solar Bonds issued to related parties |
|
|
(17,500 |
) |
|
|
(90,000 |
) |
Collateralized lease (repayments) borrowings |
|
|
(87,092 |
) |
|
|
186,355 |
|
Proceeds from exercises of stock options and other stock issuances |
|
|
94,018 |
|
|
|
57,307 |
|
Principal payments on capital leases |
|
|
(18,787 |
) |
|
|
(18,303 |
) |
Common stock and debt issuance costs |
|
|
(2,913 |
) |
|
|
(11,094 |
) |
Purchases of convertible note hedges |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
(204,102 |
) |
Proceeds from issuances of warrants |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
52,883 |
|
Proceeds from investments by noncontrolling interests in subsidiaries |
|
|
73,704 |
|
|
|
142,003 |
|
Distributions paid to noncontrolling interests in subsidiaries |
|
|
(52,942 |
) |
|
|
(63,696 |
) |
Payments for buy-outs of noncontrolling interests in subsidiaries |
|
|
(2,921 |
) |
|
|
- |
|
Net cash provided by financing activities |
|
|
371,660 |
|
|
|
1,598,749 |
|
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash |
|
|
10,102 |
|
|
|
11,643 |
|
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash |
|
|
(745,251 |
) |
|
|
658,862 |
|
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of period |
|
|
3,964,959 |
|
|
|
3,766,900 |
|
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period |
|
$ |
3,219,708 |
|
|
$ |
4,425,762 |
|
Supplemental Non-Cash Investing and Financing Activities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Acquisitions of property and equipment included in liabilities |
|
$ |
286,975 |
|
|
$ |
654,322 |
|
Estimated fair value of facilities under build-to-suit leases |
|
$ |
56,169 |
|
|
$ |
65,244 |
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
7
Tesla, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(unaudited)
Note 1 – Overview
Tesla, Inc. (“Tesla”, the “Company”, “we”, “us” or “our”) was incorporated in the State of Delaware on July 1, 2003. We design, develop, manufacture and sell high-performance fully electric vehicles and design, manufacture, install and sell solar energy generation and energy storage products. Our Chief Executive Officer, as the chief operating decision maker (“CODM”), organizes the Company, manages resource allocations and measures performance among two operating and reportable segments: (i) automotive and (ii) energy generation and storage.
Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Unaudited Interim Financial Statements
The consolidated balance sheet as of March 31, 2018, the consolidated statements of operations and the consolidated statements of comprehensive loss for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017 and the consolidated statements of cash flows for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017, as well as other information disclosed in the accompanying notes, are unaudited. The consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2017 was derived from the audited consolidated financial statements as of that date. The interim consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes should be read in conjunction with the annual consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017.
The interim consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes have been prepared on the same basis as the annual consolidated financial statements and, in the opinion of management, reflect all adjustments, which include only normal recurring adjustments, necessary for a fair statement of the results of operations for the periods presented. The consolidated results of operations for any interim period are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year or for any other future years or interim periods.
Reclassifications
Certain prior period balances have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation in the consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes as a result of the adoption of the Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2016-18 , Statement of Cash Flows: Restricted Cash .
Revenue Recognition
Adoption of new accounting standards
ASU 2014-09, Revenue - Revenue from Contracts with Custome rs. On January 1, 2018, we adopted the new accounting standard ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers and all the related amendments (“new revenue standard”) using the modified retrospective method. As a policy election, the new revenue standard was applied only to contracts that were not substantially completed as of the date of adoption. We recognized the cumulative effect of initially applying the new revenue standard as an adjustment to the January 1, 2018 opening balance of accumulated deficit. The prior period consolidated financial statements have not been retrospectively adjusted and continue to be reported under the accounting standards in effect for those periods.
A majority of our automotive sales revenue is recognized when control transfers upon delivery to customers. For certain vehicle sales where revenue was previously deferred either as an in-substance operating lease, such as certain vehicle sales to customers or leasing partners with a resale value guarantee, we now recognize revenue when the vehicles are shipped as a sale with a right of return. As a result, the corresponding operating lease asset, deferred revenue, and resale value guarantee balances as of December 31, 2017, were reclassified to accumulated deficit as part of our adoption entry. Furthermore, the warranty liability related to such vehicles has been accrued as a result of the change from in-substance operating leases to vehicle sales. Prepayments on contracts that can be cancelled without significant penalties, such as vehicle maintenance plans, have been reclassified from deferred revenue to customer deposits. Refer to the Automotive Revenue and Automotive Leasing Revenue sections below for further discussion of the impact on various categories of vehicle sales.
8
Following the adoption of the new revenue standard, the revenue recognition for our other sales arrangements, including sales of solar energy systems, energy storage products, services, and sales of used vehicles, remained consistent with our historic al revenue recognition policy. Under our lease pass-through fund arrangements, we do not have any further performance obligations and therefore reclassified all investment tax credit (“ITC”) deferred revenue as of December 31, 2017, to accumulated deficit as part of our adoption entry. The corresponding effects of the changes to lease pass-through fund arrangements are also reflected in our non-controlling interests in subsidiaries.
Accordingly, the cumulative effect of the changes made to our consolidated January 1, 2018 consolidated balance sheet for the adoption of the new revenue standard was as follows (in thousands):
|
|
Balances at December 31, 2017 |
|
|
Adjustments from Adoption of New Revenue Standard |
|
|
Balances at January 1, 2018 |
|
|||
Assets |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Inventory |
|
$ |
2,263,537 |
|
|
$ |
(27,009 |
) |
|
$ |
2,236,528 |
|
Prepaid expenses and other current assets |
|
|
268,365 |
|
|
|
51,735 |
|
|
|
320,100 |
|
Operating lease vehicles, net |
|
|
4,116,604 |
|
|
|
(1,808,932 |
) |
|
|
2,307,672 |
|
Other assets |
|
|
273,123 |
|
|
|
68,355 |
|
|
|
341,478 |
|
Liabilities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accrued liabilities and other |
|
|
1,731,366 |
|
|
|
74,487 |
|
|
|
1,805,853 |
|
Deferred revenue |
|
|
1,015,253 |
|
|
|
(436,737 |
) |
|
|
578,516 |
|
Resale value guarantees |
|
|
787,333 |
|
|
|
(295,909 |
) |
|
|
491,424 |
|
Customer deposits |
|
|
853,919 |
|
|
|
56,081 |
|
|
|
910,000 |
|
Deferred revenue, net of current portion |
|
|
1,177,799 |
|
|
|
(429,771 |
) |
|
|
748,028 |
|
Resale value guarantees, net of current portion |
|
|
2,309,222 |
|
|
|
(1,346,179 |
) |
|
|
963,043 |
|
Other long-term liabilities |
|
|
2,442,970 |
|
|
|
104,767 |
|
|
|
2,547,737 |
|
Redeemable noncontrolling interests in subsidiaries |
|
|
397,734 |
|
|
|
8,101 |
|
|
|
405,835 |
|
Equity |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accumulated other comprehensive gain |
|
|
33,348 |
|
|
|
15,221 |
|
|
|
48,569 |
|
Accumulated deficit |
|
|
(4,974,299 |
) |
|
|
623,172 |
|
|
|
(4,351,127 |
) |
Noncontrolling interests in subsidiaries |
|
|
997,346 |
|
|
|
(89,084 |
) |
|
|
908,262 |
|
9
In accordance with the new revenue standard requirements, the impact of adoption on our consolidated balance sheet was as follows (in thousands):
|
|
March 31, 2018 |
|
|||||||||
|
|
As Reported |
|
|
Balances Without Adoption of New Revenue Standard |
|
|
Effect of Change Higher / (Lower) |
|
|||
Assets |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Inventory |
|
$ |
2,565,826 |
|
|
$ |
2,597,055 |
|
|
$ |
(31,229 |
) |
Prepaid expenses and other current assets |
|
|
379,379 |
|
|
|
325,367 |
|
|
|
54,012 |
|
Operating lease vehicles, net |
|
|
2,315,124 |
|
|
|
4,254,727 |
|
|
|
(1,939,603 |
) |
Other assets |
|
|
415,478 |
|
|
|
340,390 |
|
|
|
75,088 |
|
Liabilities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accrued liabilities and other |
|
|
1,898,431 |
|
|
|
1,829,478 |
|
|
|
68,953 |
|
Deferred revenue |
|
|
536,465 |
|
|
|
987,591 |
|
|
|
(451,126 |
) |
Resale value guarantees |
|
|
629,112 |
|
|
|
975,233 |
|
|
|
(346,121 |
) |
Customer deposits |
|
|
984,823 |
|
|
|
926,236 |
|
|
|
58,587 |
|
Deferred revenue, net of current portion |
|
|
818,250 |
|
|
|
1,297,897 |
|
|
|
(479,647 |
) |
Resale value guarantees, net of current portion |
|
|
756,800 |
|
|
|
2,173,643 |
|
|
|
(1,416,843 |
) |
Other long-term liabilities |
|
|
2,561,886 |
|
|
|
2,446,724 |
|
|
|
115,162 |
|
Redeemable noncontrolling interests in subsidiaries |
|
|
405,835 |
|
|
|
397,904 |
|
|
|
7,931 |
|
Equity |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accumulated other comprehensive gain |
|
|
82,921 |
|
|
|
52,150 |
|
|
|
30,771 |
|
Accumulated deficit |
|
|
(5,051,292 |
) |
|
|
(5,707,801 |
) |
|
|
656,509 |
|
Noncontrolling interests in subsidiaries |
|
|
863,876 |
|
|
|
949,784 |
|
|
|
(85,908 |
) |
In accordance with the new revenue standard requirements, the impact of adoption on our consolidated statement of operations and consolidated statement of comprehensive loss was as follows (in thousands):
|
|
Three Months Ended March 31, 2018 |
|
|||||||||
|
|
As Reported |
|
|
Balances Without Adoption of New Revenue Standard |
|
|
Effect of Change Higher / (Lower) |
|
|||
Revenues |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Automotive sales |
|
$ |
2,561,881 |
|
|
$ |
2,262,843 |
|
|
$ |
299,038 |
|
Automotive leasing |
|
|
173,436 |
|
|
|
338,375 |
|
|
|
(164,939 |
) |
Energy generation and storage |
|
|
410,022 |
|
|
|
413,465 |
|
|
|
(3,443 |
) |
Cost of revenues |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Automotive sales |
|
|
2,091,397 |
|
|
|
1,875,272 |
|
|
|
216,125 |
|
Automotive leasing |
|
|
104,496 |
|
|
|
225,581 |
|
|
|
(121,085 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Provision for income taxes |
|
|
5,605 |
|
|
|
6,332 |
|
|
|
(727 |
) |
Net loss |
|
|
(784,627 |
) |
|
|
(820,970 |
) |
|
|
36,343 |
|
Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests and redeemable noncontrolling interests in subsidiaries |
|
|
(75,076 |
) |
|
|
(78,082 |
) |
|
|
3,006 |
|
Net loss attributable to common stockholders |
|
|
(709,551 |
) |
|
|
(742,888 |
) |
|
|
33,337 |
|
Foreign currency translation adjustment |
|
|
49,573 |
|
|
|
34,023 |
|
|
|
15,550 |
|
Comprehensive loss |
|
|
(659,978 |
) |
|
|
(708,865 |
) |
|
|
48,887 |
|
In accordance with the new revenue standard requirements, the impact of adoption on our consolidated statement of cash flows is a decrease in collateralized lease borrowings of $125.0 million from a net financing cash inflow of $37.9 million to a net financing cash outflow of $87.1 million as presented with an offsetting increase to cash outflows from operations. Additionally, the adjustments to the consolidated balance sheet, consolidated statement of operations and consolidated statement of comprehensive loss identified above would have corresponding impacts within the operating section of the consolidated statement of cash flows.
10
Automotive Revenue
Automotive Sales without Resale Value Guarantee
Automotive revenue includes revenues related to deliveries of new vehicles, and specific other features and services that meet the definition of a performance obligation under the new revenue standard, including internet connectivity, access to our Supercharger network and future over-the-air software updates. We recognize revenue on automotive sales upon delivery to the customer, which is when the control of a vehicle transfers. Payments are typically received at the point control transfers or in accordance with payment terms customary to the business. Other features and services such as connectivity, Supercharger, and over-the-air software updates are provisioned upon control transfer of a vehicle and recognized over time on a straight-line basis as we have a stand-ready obligation to deliver such services to the customer. We recognize revenue related to these other features and services over the performance period, which is generally the expected ownership life of the vehicle or the eight-year life of the vehicle, except for internet connectivity, which is over the four-year period. Revenue related to Autopilot and full self-driving features is recognized when functionality is delivered to the customer. For our obligations related to automotive sales, we estimate standalone selling price by considering costs used to develop and deliver the service, third-party pricing of similar options and other information that may be available.
At the time of revenue recognition, we reduce the transaction price and record a reserve against revenue for estimated variable consideration related to future product returns. Such estimates are based on historical experience and are immaterial in all periods presented. In addition, any fees that are paid or payable by us to a customer’s lender when we arrange the financing are recognized as an offset against automotive sales revenue.
Costs to obtain a contract mainly relate to commissions paid to our sales personnel for the sale of vehicles. Commissions are not paid on other obligations such as connectivity, access to our Supercharger network, and over-the-air software updates . As our contract costs related to automotive sales are typically fulfilled within one year, the costs to obtain a contract are expensed as incurred. We have elected to recognize the cost for freight and shipping when control over vehicles, parts, or accessories have transferred to the customer as an expense in cost of revenues. Our policy is to exclude taxes collected from a customer from the transaction price of automotive contracts.
Automotive Sales with Resale Value Guarantee
We offer resale value guarantees or similar buy-back terms to certain customers who purchase vehicles and who finance their vehicles through one of our specified commercial banking partners. We also offer resale value guarantees in connection with automobile sales to certain leasing partners. Currently, both programs are available only in certain international markets. Under these programs, we receive full payment for the vehicle sales price at the time of delivery and our counterparty has the option of selling their vehicle back to us during the guarantee period, which currently is generally at the end of the term of the applicable loan or financing program, for a pre-determined resale value.
With the exception of two programs which are discussed within the Automotive Leasing section, we now recognize revenue when control transfers upon delivery to customers in accordance with the new revenue standard as a sale with a right of return as we do not believe the customer has a significant economic incentive to exercise the resale value guarantee provided to them. The process to determine whether there is a significant economic incentive includes a comparison of a vehicle’s estimated market value at the time the option is exercisable with the guaranteed resale value to determine the customer’s economic incentive to exercise. The performance obligations and the pattern of recognizing automotive sales with resale value guarantees are consistent with automotive sales without resale value guarantees with the exception of our estimate for sales return reserve. Sales return reserves for automotive sales with resale value guarantees are estimated based on historical experience plus consideration for expected future market values. The two programs that are still being recorded as operating leases are discussed in further detail below in Vehicle Sales to Leasing Partners with a Resale Value Guarantee and a Buyback Option and Vehicle Sales to Customers with a Resale Value Guarantee where Exercise is Probable.
Prior to the adoption of the new revenue standard, all transactions with resale value guarantees were recorded as operating leases. The amount of sale proceeds equal to the resale value guarantee was deferred until the guarantee expired or was exercised. For certain transactions that were considered interest bearing collateralized borrowings as required under ASC 840, Leases , we also accrued interest expense based on our borrowing rate. The remaining sale proceeds were deferred and recognized on a straight-line basis over the stated guarantee period to automotive leasing revenue. The guarantee period expired at the earlier of the end of the guarantee period or the pay-off of the initial loan. We capitalized the cost of these vehicles on the consolidated balance sheet as operating lease vehicles, net, and depreciated their value, less estimated residual value, to cost of automotive leasing revenue over the same period.
11
In cases where our counterparty retained ownership of the vehicle at the e nd of the guarantee period, the resale value guarantee liability and any remaining deferred revenue balances related to the vehicle were settled to automotive leasing revenue, and the net book value of the leased vehicle was expensed to cost of automotive leasing revenue. If our counterparty returned the vehicle to us during the guarantee period, we purchased the vehicle from our counterparty in an amount equal to the resale value guarantee and settled any remaining deferred balances to automotive leasing r evenue, and we reclassified the net book value of the vehicle on the consolidated balance sheet to used vehicle inventory.
Deferred revenue activity related to the access to our Supercharger network, internet connectivity, autopilot and over-the-air software updates on automotive sales with and without resale value guarantee consisted of the following (in thousands):
|
|
Three Months Ended March 31, 2018 |
|
|
Deferred revenue on automotive sales with and without resale value guarantee— beginning of period |
|
$ |
475,919 |
|
Additions |
|
|
70,227 |
|
Net changes in liability for pre-existing contracts |
|
|
2,882 |
|
Revenue recognized |
|
|
(21,611 |
) |
Deferred revenue on automotive sales with and without resale value guarantee— end of period |
|
$ |
527,417 |
|
Deferred revenue is equivalent to the total transaction price allocated to the performance obligations that are unsatisfied, or partially unsatisfied, as of March 31, 2018. Additionally, revenue recognized per the above table is materially consistent with what was included in deferred revenue at the beginning of the period. Of the total deferred revenue on automotive sales with and without resale value guarantees, we expect to recognize $201.6 million of revenue in the next 12 months. The remaining balance will be recognized over the performance period as discussed above in Automotive Sales without Resale Value Guarantee .
Automotive Regulatory Credits
California and certain other states have laws in place requiring vehicle manufacturers to ensure that a portion of the vehicles delivered for sale in that state during each model year are zero-emission vehicles. These laws and regulations provide that a manufacturer of zero-emission vehicles may earn regulatory credits (“ZEV credits”) and may sell excess credits to other manufacturers who apply such credits to comply with these regulatory requirements. Similar regulations exist at the federal level that require compliance related to greenhouse gas (“GHG”) emissions and also allow for the sale of excess credits by one manufacturer to other manufacturers. As a manufacturer solely of zero-emission vehicles, we have earned emission credits, such as ZEV and GHG credits, on our vehicles, and we expect to continue to earn these credits in the future. We enter into contractual agreements with third-parties to purchase our regulatory credits. Payments for regulatory credits are typically received at the point control transfers to the customer, or in accordance with payment terms customary to the business.
We recognize revenue on the sale of regulatory credits at the time control of the regulatory credits is transferred to the purchasing party as automotive revenue in the consolidated statement of operations. We had no deferred revenue related to sales of automotive regulatory credits as of March 31, 2018 or December 31, 2017.
Automotive Leasing Revenue
Automotive leasing revenue includes revenue recognized under lease accounting guidance for our direct leasing programs as well as the two programs with resale value guarantees which continue to qualify for operating lease treatment. Prior to the adoption of the new revenue standard, all programs with resale value guarantees were accounted for as operating leases.
Direct Vehicle Leasing Program
We offer vehicle leasing programs in certain locations in North America and Europe. Qualifying customers are permitted to lease a vehicle directly from Tesla for up to 48 months. Currently, the program is only offered to qualified customers in North America. At the end of the lease term, customers have the option of either returning the vehicle to us or purchasing it for a pre-determined residual value. We account for these leasing transactions as operating leases, and we recognize leasing revenues on a straight-line basis over the contractual term and record the depreciation of these vehicles to cost of automotive leasing revenue. As of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, we had deferred $105.6 million and $96.6 million, respectively, of lease-related upfront payments which will be recognized on a straight-line basis over the contractual term of the individual leases. Lease revenues are recorded in automotive leasing revenue, and for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017, we recognized $74.8 million and $46.9 million, respectively.
12
We capitalize shipping costs and initial direct costs such as the incremental cost of contract administration, referral fees and sales commissions from the origination of automotive lease agreements as an element of operating lease vehicles, net, and subsequently amortize these costs over the term of the related lease agreement. Our policy is to exclude taxes collected from a customer from the transaction price of automotive contracts.
Vehicle Sales to Leasing Partners with a Resale Value Guarantee and a Buyback Option
We offer buyback options in connection with automobile sales with resale value guarantees with certain leasing partner sales in the United States. These transactions entail a transfer of leases, which we have originated with an end-customer, to our leasing partner. As control of the vehicles has not been transferred in accordance with the new revenue standard, these transactions continue to be accounted for as interest bearing collateralized borrowings in accordance with ASC 840, Leases . We have not sold any vehicles under this program in the United States since the second half of 2017 and all current period activity relates to the exercise or cancellation of active transactions. Under this program, cash is received for the full price of the vehicle and the collateralized borrowing value is generally recorded within resale value guarantees and the customer upfront deposit is recorded within deferred revenue. We accrete the deferred revenue amount to automotive leasing revenue on a straight-line basis over the option period and accrue interest expense based on our borrowing rate. We capitalize vehicles under this program to operating lease vehicles, net, on the consolidated balance sheet, and we record depreciation from these vehicles to cost of automotive leasing revenue during the period the vehicle is under a lease arrangement. Cash received for these vehicles, net of revenue recognized during the period, is classified as collateralized lease (repayments) borrowings within cash flows from financing activities in the consolidated statement of cash flows.
At the end of the lease term, we settle our liability in cash by either purchasing the vehicle from the leasing partner for the buyback option amount or paying a shortfall to the option amount the leasing partner may realize on the sale of the vehicle. Any remaining balances within deferred revenue and resale value guarantee will be settled to automotive leasing revenue. In cases where the leasing partner retains ownership of the vehicle after the end of our option period, we expense the net value of the leased vehicle to cost of automotive leasing revenue . The maximum amount we could be required to pay under this program, should we decide to repurchase all vehicles, was $837.2 million as of March 31, 2018 , including $504.0 million within a 12-month period. As of March 31, 2018, we had $1.0 billion of such borrowings recorded in resale value guarantees and $183.0 million recorded in deferred revenue liability, respectively. For the three months ended March 31, 2018, $82.5 million of leasing revenue related to this program was recognized.
On a quarterly basis, we assess the estimated market values of vehicles under our buyback options program to determine if we have sustained a loss on any of these contracts. As we accumulate more data related to the buyback values of our vehicles or as market conditions change, there may be material changes to their estimated values, although we have not experienced any material losses during any period to date.
Vehicle Sales to Customers with a Resale Value Guarantee where Exercise is Probable
For certain international programs where we have offered resale value guarantees to certain customers who purchased vehicles and where we expect the customer has a significant economic incentive to exercise the resale value guarantee provided to them, we continue to recognize these transactions as operating leases. The process to determine whether there is a significant economic incentive includes a comparison of a vehicle’s estimated market value at the time the option is exercisable with the guaranteed resale value to determine the customer’s economic incentive to exercise. We have not sold any vehicles under this program since the first half of 2017 and all current period activity relates to the exercise or cancellation of active transactions. The amount of sale proceeds equal to the resale value guarantee is deferred until the guarantee expires or is exercised. The remaining sale proceeds are deferred and recognized on a straight-line basis over the stated guarantee period to automotive leasing revenue. The guarantee period expires at the earlier of the end of the guarantee period or the pay-off of the initial loan. We capitalize the cost of these vehicles on the consolidated balance sheet as operating lease vehicles, net, and depreciate their value, less salvage value, to cost of automotive leasing revenue over the same period.
In cases where a customer retains ownership of a vehicle at the end of the guarantee period, the resale value guarantee liability and any remaining deferred revenue balances related to the vehicle are settled to automotive leasing revenue, and the net book value of the leased vehicle is expensed to cost of automotive leasing revenue. If a customer returns the vehicle to us during the guarantee period, we purchase the vehicle from the customer in an amount equal to the resale value guarantee and settle any remaining deferred balances to automotive leasing revenue, and we reclassify the net book value of the vehicle on the consolidated balance sheet to used vehicle inventory. As of March 31, 2018, $125.1 million of the guarantees were exercisable by customers within the next 12 months. For the three months ended March 31, 2018, $16.1 million of leasing revenue related to this program was recognized.
13
Energy Generation and Storage Segment
Energy Generation and Storage Sales
Energy generation and storage revenues consists of the sale of solar energy and storage systems to residential, small commercial, and large commercial and utility grade customers. Sales of solar energy systems to residential and small scale commercial customers consists of the engineering, design, and installation of the system. Post installation, residential and small scale commercial customers receive a proprietary monitoring system that captures and displays historical energy generation data and consists of hardware located on site and software hosted by us. Residential and small scale commercial customers pay the full purchase price of the solar energy system up-front, which includes the monitoring system. Revenue for the design and installation obligation is recognized when control transfers, which is when we install a solar energy system and the system passes inspection by the utility or the authority having jurisdiction. Revenue for the monitoring service is recognized ratably as a stand-ready obligation over the warranty period of the solar energy system. Sales of energy storage systems to residential and small scale commercial customers consists of the installation of the energy storage system and revenue is recognized when control transfers, which is when the product has been delivered or, if we are performing installation, when installed and accepted by the customer. Payment for such storage systems are made upon invoice or in accordance with payment terms customary to the business.
For large commercial and utility grade solar energy and storage sales which consist of the engineering, design, and installation of the system, customers make milestone payments that are consistent with contract specific phases of a project. Revenue from such contracts is recognized over time using percentage of completion method based on cost incurred as a percentage of total estimated contract costs. Certain large scale commercial and utility grade solar energy and storage sales also include operations and maintenance service which are negotiated with the design and installation contracts and are thus considered to be a combined contract with the design and installation service. For certain large commercial and utility grade solar and storage systems where percentage of completion method does not apply, revenue is recognized when control transfers, which is when the product has been delivered to the customer for storage systems and when the project has received permission to operate from the utility for solar energy systems. Operations and maintenance service revenue is recognized ratably over the respective contract term. Customer payments for such services are usually paid annually or quarterly in advance.
In instances where there are multiple performance obligations in a single contract, we allocate the consideration to the various obligations in the contract based on the relative standalone selling price method. Standalone selling prices are estimated based on estimated costs plus margin or using market data for comparable products. Costs incurred on the sale of residential installations before the solar energy systems are completed are included as work in process within inventory in the consolidated balance sheets. However, any fees that are paid or payable by us to a solar loan lender would be recognized as an offset against revenue. Costs to obtain a contract relate mainly to commissions paid to our sales personnel related to the sale of solar energy and storage systems. As our contract costs related to energy generation and storage sales are typically fulfilled within one year, the costs to obtain a contract are expensed as incurred.
As part of our energy generation and storage contracts, we may provide the customer with performance guarantees that warrant that the underlying energy generation or storage system will meet or exceed the minimum contract energy generation or retention requirements. In certain instances, we may receive a bonus payment if the system performs above a specified level. Conversely, if an energy generation or storage system does not meet the performance guarantee requirements, we may be required to pay liquidated damages. Other forms of variable consideration related to our large commercial and utility grade energy generation and storage contracts include variable customer payments that will be made based on our energy market participation activities. Such guarantees and variable customer payments represent a form of variable consideration and are estimated at contract inception at their most likely amount and updated at the end of each reporting period as additional performance data becomes available. Such estimates are included in the transaction price only to the extent that it is probable a significant reversal of revenue will not occur.
We record as deferred revenue any amounts that are collected from customers related to fees charged for prepayments and remote monitoring service and operations and maintenance service, which is recognized as revenue ratably over the respective customer contract term. As of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, deferred revenue related to such customer payments amounted to $135.3 million and $124.0 million, respectively. From the deferred revenue balance as of December 31, 2017, revenue recognized during the three months ended March 31, 2018 was $15.4 million. We have elected the practical expedient to omit disclosure of the amount of the transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations for energy generation and storage sales with an original expected contract length of one year or less. As of March 31, 2018, total transaction price allocated to performance obligations that were unsatisfied or partially unsatisfied for contracts with an original expected length of more than one year was $228.0 million. Of this amount, we expect to recognize $128.4 million in the next 12 months and the remaining over a period of 20 years.
14
Energy Generation and Storage Leasing
For revenue arrangements where we are the lessor under operating lease agreements for solar energy systems, including energy storage products, we record lease revenue from minimum lease payments, including upfront rebates and incentives earned from such systems, on a straight-line basis over the life of the lease term, assuming all other revenue recognition criteria have been met. For incentives that are earned based on the amount of electricity generated by the system, we record revenue as the amounts are earned. The difference between the payments received and the revenue recognized is recorded as deferred revenue on the consolidated balance sheet.
For solar energy systems where customers purchase electricity from us under power purchase agreements (“PPA”), we have determined that these agreements should be accounted for as operating leases pursuant to ASC 840. Revenue is recognized based on the amount of electricity delivered at rates specified under the contracts, assuming all other revenue recognition criteria are met.
We record as deferred revenue any amounts that are collected from customers, including lease prepayments, in excess of revenue recognized and operations and maintenance service, which is recognized as revenue ratably over the respective customer contract term. As of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, deferred revenue related to such customer payments amounted to $221.2 million and $206.8 million, respectively. Deferred revenue also includes the portion of rebates and incentives received from utility companies and various local and state government agencies, which are recognized as revenue over the lease term. As of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, deferred revenue from rebates and incentives amounted to $29.2 million and $27.2 million, respectively.
We capitalize initial direct costs from the origination of solar energy system leases or power purchase agreements, which include the incremental cost of contract administration, referral fees and sales commissions, as an element of solar energy systems, leased and to be leased, net, and subsequently amortize these costs over the term of the related lease or power purchase agreement.
Services and Other Revenue
Services and other revenue consists of repair and maintenance services, service plans, merchandise, sales of used Tesla vehicles, sales of electric vehicle components to other manufacturers and sales of non-Tesla vehicle trade-ins. There were no significant changes to the timing or amount of revenue recognition as a result of our adoption of the new revenue standard.
Revenues related to repair and maintenance services are recognized over time as services are provided and extended service plans are recognized over the performance period of the service contract as the obligation represents a stand-ready obligation to the customer. We sell used vehicles, services, service plans, vehicle components and merchandise separately and thus use standalone selling prices as the basis for revenue allocation to the extent that these items are sold in transactions with other performance obligations. Payment for used vehicles, services, and merchandise are typically received at the point when control transfers to the customer or in accordance with payment terms customary to the business. Payments received for prepaid plans are refundable upon customer cancellation of the related contracts and are included within customer deposits on the consolidated balance sheet. Deferred revenue related to services and other revenue was immaterial as of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017.
Revenue by source
The following table disaggregates our revenue by major source (in thousands):
|
|
Three Months Ended March 31, 2018 |
|
|
Automotive sales without resale value guarantee |
|
$ |
2,182,514 |
|
Automotive sales with resale value guarantee |
|
|
299,038 |
|
Automotive regulatory credits |
|
|
80,329 |
|
Energy generation and storage sales |
|
|
297,895 |
|
Services and other |
|
|
263,412 |
|
Total revenues from sales and services |
|
|
3,123,188 |
|
Automotive leasing |
|
|
173,436 |
|
Energy generation and storage leasing |
|
|
112,127 |
|
Total revenues |
|
$ |
3,408,751 |
|
15
Income Taxes
There are transactions that occur during the ordinary course of business for which the ultimate tax determination is uncertain. As of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the aggregate balances of our gross unrecognized tax benefits were $218.1 million and $198.7 million, respectively, of which $210.0 million and $191.0 million, respectively, would not give rise to changes in our effective tax rate since these tax benefits would increase a deferred tax asset that is currently fully offset by a valuation allowance.
Net Loss per Share of Common Stock Attributable to Common Stockholders
Basic net income (loss) per share of common stock attributable to common stockholders is calculated by dividing net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders by the weighted-average shares of common stock outstanding for the period. Potentially dilutive shares, which are based on the weighted-average shares of common stock underlying outstanding stock-based awards, warrants and convertible senior notes using the treasury stock method or the if-converted method, as applicable, are included when calculating diluted net income (loss) per share of common stock attributable to common stockholders when their effect is dilutive. Since we expect to settle in cash the principal outstanding under the 0.25% Convertible Senior Notes due in 2019, the 1.25% Convertible Senior Notes due in 2021 and the 2.375% Convertible Senior Notes due in 2022, we use the treasury stock method when calculating their potential dilutive effect, if any. Furthermore, in connection with the offerings of our bond hedges, we entered into convertible note hedges (see Note 10, Convertible and Long-Term Debt Obligations ). However, our convertible note hedges are not included when calculating potentially dilutive shares since their effect is always anti-dilutive.
The following table presents the potentially dilutive shares that were excluded from the computation of diluted net income (loss) per share of common stock attributable to common stockholders, because their effect was anti-dilutive:
|
|
Three Months Ended March 31, |
|
|||||
|
|
2018 |
|
|
2017 |
|
||
Stock-based awards |
|
|
9,630,761 |
|
|
|
9,738,595 |
|
Convertible senior notes |
|
|
1,527,584 |
|
|
|
2,370,788 |
|
Warrants |
|
|
301,504 |
|
|
|
595,104 |
|
Restricted Cash and Deposits
We maintain certain cash balances restricted as to withdrawal or use. Our restricted cash is comprised primarily of cash as collateral for our sales to lease partners with a resale value guarantee, letters of credit, real estate leases, insurance policies, credit card borrowing facilities and certain operating leases. In addition, restricted cash includes cash received from certain fund investors that have not been released for use by us and cash held to service certain payments under various secured debt facilities. The following table totals cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash as reported on the consolidated balance sheets; the sums are presented on the consolidated statements of cash flows (in thousands):
|
|
March 31, |
|
|
December 31, |
|
|
March 31, |
|
|
December 31, |
|
||||
|
|
2018 |
|
|
2017 |
|
|
2017 |
|
|
2016 |
|
||||
Cash and cash equivalents |
|
$ |
2,665,673 |
|
|
$ |
3,367,914 |
|
|
$ |
4,006,593 |
|
|
$ |
3,393,216 |
|
Restricted cash |
|
|
120,194 |
|
|
|
155,323 |
|
|
|
88,946 |
|
|
|
105,519 |
|
Restricted cash, net of current portion |
|
|
433,841 |
|
|
|
441,722 |
|
|
|
330,223 |
|
|
|
268,165 |
|
Total as presented in the consolidated statements of cash flows |
|
$ |
3,219,708 |
|
|
$ |
3,964,959 |
|
|
$ |
4,425,762 |
|
|
$ |
3,766,900 |
|
Concentration of Risk
Credit Risk
Financial instruments that potentially subject us to a concentration of credit risk consist of cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash, accounts receivable and interest rate swaps. Our cash balances are primarily invested in money market funds or on deposit at high credit quality financial institutions in the U.S. These deposits are typically in excess of insured limits. As of March 31, 2018, no entity represented 10% or more of our total accounts receivable balance. As of December 31, 2017, no entity represented 10% of our total accounts receivable balance. The risk of concentration for our interest rate swaps is mitigated by transacting with several highly-rated multinational banks.
16
Supply Risk
We are dependent on our suppliers, the majority of which are single source suppliers, and the inability of these suppliers to deliver necessary components of our products in a timely manner at prices, quality levels and volumes acceptable to us, or our inability to efficiently manage these components from these suppliers, could have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, financial condition and operating results.
Warranties
We provide a manufacturer’s warranty on all new and used vehicles, production powertrain components and systems and energy storage products we sell. In addition, we also provide a warranty on the installation and components of the solar energy systems we sell for periods typically between 10 to 30 years. We accrue a warranty reserve for the products sold by us, which includes our best estimate of the projected costs to repair or replace items under warranty. These estimates are based on actual claims incurred to date and an estimate of the nature, frequency and costs of future claims. These estimates are inherently uncertain given our relatively short history of sales, and changes to our historical or projected warranty experience may cause material changes to the warranty reserve in the future. The warranty reserve does not include projected warranty costs associated with our vehicles subject to lease accounting and our solar energy systems under lease contracts or power purchase agreements, as the costs to repair these warranty claims are expensed as incurred. The portion of the warranty reserve expected to be incurred within the next 12 months is included within accrued liabilities and other while the remaining balance is included within other long-term liabilities on the consolidated balance sheet. Due to the adoption of the new revenue standard, automotive sales with resale value guarantees that were previously recorded within operating lease assets required a corresponding warranty accrual which is included in the table below. Warranty expense is recorded as a component of cost of revenues. Accrued warranty activity consisted of the following (in thousands):
|
|
Three Months Ended March 31, |
|
|||||
|
|
2018 |
|
|
2017 |
|
||
Accrued warranty—beginning of period |
|
$ |
401,790 |
|
|
$ |
266,655 |
|
Warranty costs incurred |
|
|
(44,681 |
) |
|
|
(23,016 |
) |
Net changes in liability for pre-existing warranties, including expirations and foreign exchange impact |
|
|
501 |
|
|
|
(3,510 |
) |
Additional warranty accrued from adoption of the new revenue standard |
|
|
37,139 |
|
|
|
— |
|
Provision for warranty |
|
|
71,117 |
|
|
|
66,822 |
|
Accrued warranty—end of period |
|
$ |
465,866 |
|
|
$ |
306,951 |
|
For the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017, warranty costs incurred for vehicles accounted for as operating leases or collateralized debt arrangements were $5.8 million and $6.1 million, respectively.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers , to replace the existing revenue recognition criteria for contracts with customers. In August 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-14, Deferral of the Effective Date , to defer the effective date of ASU No. 2014-09 to interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017. Subsequently, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-08, Principal versus Agent Considerations , ASU No. 2016-10, Identifying Performance Obligations and Licensing , ASU No. 2016-11, Rescission of SEC Guidance Because of Accounting Standards Updates 2014-09 and 2014-16 Pursuant to Staff Announcements at the March 3, 2016 EITF Meeting , ASU No. 2016-12, Narrow-Scope Improvements and Practical Expedients , and ASU No. 2016-20, Technical Corrections and Improvements , to clarify and amend the guidance in ASU No. 2014-09. We adopted the ASUs on January 1, 2018 on a modified retrospective basis through a cumulative adjustment to accumulated deficit. The adoption of the ASUs changed the timing of revenue recognition to be at delivery for certain vehicle sales to customers or leasing partners with a resale value guarantee, which will therefore qualify to be accounted for as sales with a right of return as opposed to the prior accounting as operating leases or collateralized lease borrowings. Upon adoption of the ASUs, we recorded a decrease to our beginning accumulated deficit of $623.2 million including income tax effects, which were immaterial. Refer to the Revenue Recognition section above for details.
In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases , to require lessees to recognize all leases, with certain exceptions, on the balance sheet, while recognition on the statement of operations will remain similar to current lease accounting. The ASU also eliminates real estate-specific provisions and modifies certain aspects of lessor accounting. The ASU is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018, with early adoption permitted. We currently expect to adopt the ASU on January 1, 2019. We will be required to recognize and measure leases existing at, or entered into after, the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented using a modified retrospective approach, with certain practical expedients available. We intend to elect the available practical expedients upon adoption. Upon adoption, we expect the consolidated balance sheet to include a right of use
17
asset and liability related to substantially all of our lease arrangements. Further, solar leases and P PAs that commence after January 1, 2019, where we are the lessor and are currently accounted for as leases will no longer meet the definition of a lease with the adoption of this ASU and will instead be accounted for in accordance with ASC 606. We are cont inuing to assess the impact of adopting the ASU on our financial position, results of operations and related disclosures and anticipate the effect on the consolidated financial statements to be material.
In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-15, Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments , to reduce the diversity in practice with respect to the classification of certain cash receipts and cash payments on the statement of cash flows. The ASU is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017. Adoption of the ASU is retrospective. We adopted the ASU on January 1, 2018, which did not have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements.
In October 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-16, Intra-Entity Transfers of Assets Other Than Inventory , to require the recognition of the income tax effects from an intra-entity transfer of an asset other than inventory. The ASU is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017. Adoption of the ASU is modified retrospective. We early adopted the ASU on January 1, 2017. Our adoption did not have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements.
In November 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-18, Statement of Cash Flows: Restricted Cash , which requires entities to present the aggregate changes in cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents in the statement of cash flows. As a result, the statement of cash flows now presents restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents as a part of the beginning and ending balances of cash and cash equivalents. The ASU is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017. Adoption of the ASU was retrospective. We adopted the ASU on January 1, 2018, which resulted in restricted cash being combined with unrestricted cash reconciling beginning and ending balances. Refer to the Restricted Cash and Deposits section above for the reconciliation.
In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-01, Clarifying the Definition of a Business , to clarify the definition of a business with the objective of assisting entities with evaluating whether transactions should be accounted for as acquisitions (or disposals) of assets or businesses. The ASU is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017. Adoption of the ASU is prospective. We adopted the ASU on January 1, 2018, which we anticipate will result in more transactions being accounted for as asset acquisitions rather than business acquisitions. Adoption of the guidance had no impact on the financial statements for the three month period ended March 31, 2018 as there were no acquisitions.
In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-04, Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment , to simplify the test for goodwill impairment by removing Step 2. An entity will, therefore, perform the goodwill impairment test by comparing the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount, recognizing an impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the fair value, not to exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to the reporting unit. An entity still has the option to perform a qualitative assessment to determine if the quantitative impairment test is necessary. The ASU is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2019, with early adoption permitted for interim or annual goodwill impairment tests performed on testing dates after January 1, 2017. Adoption of the ASU is prospective. We have not yet selected an adoption date, and the ASU currently is not expected to have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements.
In February 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-05, Other Income – Gains and Losses from the Recognition of Nonfinancial Assets , to clarify the scope of asset derecognition guidance and accounting for partial sales of nonfinancial assets. The ASU is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017. We adopted the ASU on January 1, 2018 on a modified retrospective basis through a cumulative adjustment to accumulated deficit. Upon adoption of the ASU, we recorded a decrease to our beginning accumulated deficit of $9.4 million.
In May 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-09, Scope of Modification Accounting , to provide guidance on which changes to the terms or conditions of a share-based payment award require an entity to apply modification accounting. The ASU is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017. Adoption of the ASU is prospective. We adopted the ASU on January 1, 2018, which did not have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements.
In August 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-12, Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities , to simplify the application of current hedge accounting guidance. The ASU expands and refines hedge accounting for both non-financial and financial risk components and aligns the recognition and presentation of the effects of the hedging instrument and the hedged item in the financial statements. The ASU is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018, with early adoption permitted. Adoption of the ASU is generally modified retrospective. We are currently obtaining an understanding of the ASU and plan to adopt the ASU on January 1, 2019.
18
In December 2017, the 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (“Tax Act”) wa s enacted into law making significant changes to the Internal Revenue Code. Changes include, but are not limited to, a federal corporate tax rate decrease from 35% to 21% for tax years beginning after December 31, 2017, the transition of U.S. international taxation from a worldwide tax system to a territorial system and a one-time transition tax on the mandatory deemed repatriation of foreign earnings.
In December 2017, the Securities and Exchange Commission staff issued Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 118, Income Tax Accounting Implications of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (“SAB 118”), which allows us to record provisional amounts during a measurement period not to extend beyond one year form the enactment date. SAB 118 was codified by the FASB as part of ASU No. 2018-05, Amendments to SEC Paragraphs Pursuant to SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 118 . As of March 31, 2018, we have not made any additional measurement period adjustments. Such adjustments may be necessary in future periods due to, among other things, the significant complexity of the Act and anticipated additional regulatory guidance that may be issued by the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”), changes in analysis, interpretations and assumptions the Company has made and actions the Company may take as a result of the Act. We are continuing to gather information to assess the application of the Act and expect to complete our analysis with the filing of our 2017 income tax returns later in 2018. We do not expect any subsequent adjustments to have any material impact on the consolidated balance sheets or statements of operations due to our historical worldwide loss position and the full valuation allowance on our net U.S. deferred tax assets.
In January 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-01, Land Easement Practical Expedient Transition to Topic 842 , to permit an entity to elect an optional practical expedient to not evaluate land easements under ASC 842, that exist or expired before the entity’s adoption of ASC 842 and that were not previously accounted for as leases under ASC 840. The ASU is effective during the same period of adoption of ASU 2016-02, which we anticipate to be January 1, 2019.
Note 3 – Goodwill and Intangible Assets
Goodwill increased to $61.3 million as of March 31, 2018 from $60.2 million as of December 31, 2017 due to foreign currency translation adjustments.
Information regarding our acquired intangible assets was as follows (in thousands):
|
|
March 31, 2018 |
|
|
December 31, 2017 |
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
Gross Carrying Amount |
|
|
Accumulated Amortization |
|
|
Other |
|
|
Net Carrying Amount |
|
|
Gross Carrying Amount |
|
|
Accumulated Amortization |
|
|
Other |
|
|
Net Carrying Amount |
|
||||||||
Finite-lived intangible assets: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Developed technology |
|
$ |
125,889 |
|
|
$ |
(23,780 |
) |
|
$ |
2,257 |
|
|
$ |
104,366 |
|
|
$ |
125,889 |
|
|
$ |
(19,317 |
) |
|
$ |
1,847 |
|
|
$ |
108,419 |
|
Trade name |
|
|
45,275 |
|
|
|
(19,224 |
) |
|
|
320 |
|
|
|
26,371 |
|
|
|
45,275 |
|
|
|
(10,924 |
) |
|
|
261 |
|
|
|
34,612 |
|
Favorable contracts and leases, net |
|
|
112,817 |
|
|
|
(10,583 |
) |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
102,234 |
|
|
|
112,817 |
|
|
|
(8,639 |
) |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
104,178 |
|
Other |
|
|
34,099 |
|
|
|
(8,883 |
) |
|
|
1,409 |
|
|
|
26,625 |
|
|
|
34,099 |
|
|
|
(7,775 |
) |
|
|
1,137 |
|
|
|
27,461 |
|
Total finite-lived intangible assets |
|
|
318,080 |
|
|
|
(62,470 |
) |
|
|
3,986 |
|
|
|
259,596 |
|
|
|
318,080 |
|
|
|
(46,655 |
) |
|
|
3,245 |
|
|
|
274,670 |
|
Indefinite-lived intangible assets: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
IPR&D |
|
|
86,832 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
86,832 |
|
|
|
86,832 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
86,832 |
|
Total indefinite-lived intangible assets |
|
|
86,832 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
86,832 |
|
|
|
86,832 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
86,832 |
|
Total intangible assets |
|
$ |
404,912 |
|
|
$ |
(62,470 |
) |
|
$ |
3,986 |
|
|
$ |
346,428 |
|
|
$ |
404,912 |
|
|
$ |
(46,655 |
) |
|
$ |
3,245 |
|
|
$ |
361,502 |
|
The in-process research and development (“IPR&D”), which we acquired from SolarCity Corporation (“SolarCity”), is accounted for as an indefinite-lived asset until the completion or abandonment of the associated research and development efforts. If the research and development efforts are successfully completed and commercial feasibility is reached, the IPR&D would be amortized over its then estimated useful life. If the research and development efforts are not completed or are abandoned, the IPR&D might be impaired. The fair value of the IPR&D was estimated using the replacement cost method under the cost approach, based on the historical acquisition costs and expenses of the technology adjusted for estimated developer’s profit, opportunity cost and obsolescence factor. We expect to complete the research and development efforts in the second quarter of 2018, but there can be no assurance that the commercial feasibility will be achieved. The nature of the research and development efforts consists principally of planning, designing and testing the technology for viability in manufacturing solar cells and modules. If commercial feasibility is not achieved, we would likely look to other alternative technologies.
19
Total future amortization expense for intangible assets was estimated as follows (in thousands):
|
|
March 31, 2018 |
|
|
Nine months ending December 31, 2018 |
|
$ |
46,811 |
|
2019 |
|
|
29,357 |
|
2020 |
|
|
27,345 |
|
2021 |
|
|
27,345 |
|
2022 |
|
|
27,345 |
|
Thereafter |
|
|
101,393 |
|
Total |
|
$ |
259,596 |
|
Note 4 – Fair Value of Financial Instruments
ASC 820 , Fair Value Measurements , states that fair value is an exit price, representing the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. As such, fair value is a market-based measurement that should be determined based on assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or a liability . The three-tiered fair value hierarchy, which prioritizes which inputs should be used in measuring fair value, is comprised of: (Level I) observable inputs such as quoted prices in active markets; (Level II) inputs other than quoted prices in active markets that are observable either directly or indirectly and (Level III) unobservable inputs for which there is little or no market data. The fair value hierarchy requires the use of observable market data when available in determining fair value. Our assets and liabilities that were measured at fair value on a recurring basis were as follows (in thousands):
|
|
March 31, 2018 |
|
|
December 31, 2017 |
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
Fair Value |
|
|
Level I |
|
|
Level II |
|
|
Level III |
|
|
Fair Value |
|
|
Level I |
|
|
Level II |
|
|
Level III |
|
||||||||
Money market funds |
|
$ |
931,548 |
|
|
$ |
931,548 |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
2,163,459 |
|
|
$ |
2,163,459 |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
Interest rate swaps, net |
|
|
10,488 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
10,488 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
59 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
59 |
|
|
|
— |
|
Total |
|
$ |
942,036 |
|
|
$ |
931,548 |
|
|
$ |
10,488 |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
2,163,518 |
|
|
$ |
2,163,459 |
|
|
$ |
59 |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
All of our cash equivalents were classified within Level I of the fair value hierarchy because they were valued using quoted prices in active markets. Our interest rate swaps were classified within Level II of the fair value hierarchy because they were valued using alternative pricing sources or models that utilized market observable inputs, including current and forward interest rates. During the three months ended March 31, 2018, there were no transfers between the levels of the fair value hierarchy.
Interest Rate Swaps
We enter into fixed-for-floating interest rate swap agreements to swap variable interest payments on certain debt for fixed interest payments, as required by certain of our lenders. We do not designate our interest rate swaps as hedging instruments. Accordingly, our interest rate swaps are recorded at fair value on the consolidated balance sheets within other assets or other long-term liabilities, with any changes in their fair values recognized as other income (expense), net, in the consolidated statements of operations and with any cash flows recognized as investing activities in the consolidated statements of cash flows. Our interest rate swaps outstanding were as follows as of March 31, 2018 (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Aggregate Notional Amount |
|
|
Gross Asset at Fair Value |
|
|
Gross Liability at Fair Value |
|
|
Gross Gains |
|
|
Gross Losses |
|
|||||
Interest rate swaps |
|
$ |
479,247 |
|
|
$ |
11,181 |
|
|
$ |
693 |
|
|
$ |
9,663 |
|
|
$ |
35 |
|
Our interest rate swaps outstanding were as follows as of December 31, 2017 (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Aggregate Notional Amount |
|
|
Gross Asset at Fair Value |
|
|
Gross Liability at Fair Value |
|
|
Gross Gains |
|
|
Gross Losses |
|
|||||
Interest rate swaps |
|
$ |
496,544 |
|
|
$ |
5,304 |
|
|
$ |
5,245 |
|
|
$ |
7,192 |
|
|
$ |
13,082 |
|
20
Disclosure of Fair Values
Our financial instruments that are not re-measured at fair value include accounts receivable, MyPower customer notes receivable, rebates receivable, accounts payable, accrued liabilities, customer deposits, convertible senior notes, the 5.30% Senior Notes due in 2025, the participation interest, solar asset-backed notes, solar loan-backed notes, Solar Bonds and long-term debt. The carrying values of these financial instruments other than the convertible senior notes, the 5.30% Senior Notes due in 2025, the participation interest, the solar asset-backed notes, the solar loan-backed notes and automotive asset-backed notes approximate their fair values.
We estimate the fair value of the convertible senior notes and the 5.30% Senior Notes due in 2025 using commonly accepted valuation methodologies and market-based risk measurements that are indirectly observable, such as credit risk (Level II) . In addition, we estimate the fair value of the participation interest, the solar asset-backed notes, the solar loan-backed notes based and automotive asset-backed notes on rates currently offered for instruments with similar maturities and terms (Level III). The following table presents the estimated fair values and the carrying values (in thousands):
|
|
March 31, 2018 |
|
|
December 31, 2017 |
|
||||||||||
|
|
Carrying Value |
|
|
Fair Value |
|
|
Carrying Value |
|
|
Fair Value |
|
||||
Convertible senior notes |
|
$ |
3,763,803 |
|
|
$ |
4,106,733 |
|
|
$ |
3,722,673 |
|
|
$ |
4,488,651 |
|
Senior notes |
|
$ |
1,776,340 |
|
|
$ |
1,570,500 |
|
|
$ |
1,775,550 |
|
|
$ |
1,732,500 |
|
Participation interest |
|
$ |
17,937 |
|
|
$ |
17,407 |
|
|
$ |
17,545 |
|
|
$ |
17,042 |
|
Solar asset-backed notes |
|
$ |
869,780 |
|
|
$ |
888,365 |
|
|
$ |
880,415 |
|
|
$ |
898,145 |
|
Solar loan-backed notes |
|
$ |
220,593 |
|
|
$ |
228,970 |
|
|
$ |
236,844 |
|
|
$ |
248,149 |
|
Automotive asset-backed notes |
|
$ |
511,587 |
|
|
$ |
512,256 |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
Note 5 – Inventory
Our inventory consisted of the following (in thousands):
|
|
March 31, |
|
|
December 31, |
|
||
|
|
2018 |
|
|
2017 |
|
||
Raw materials |
|
$ |
902,190 |
|
|
$ |
821,396 |
|
Work in process |
|
|
315,227 |
|
|
|
243,181 |
|
Finished goods |
|
|
1,125,665 |
|
|
|
1,013,909 |
|
Service parts |
|
|
222,744 |
|
|
|
185,051 |
|
Total |
|
$ |
2,565,826 |
|
|
$ |
2,263,537 |
|
Finished goods inventory included vehicles in transit to fulfill customer orders, new vehicles available for immediate sale at our retail and service center locations, used Tesla vehicles and energy storage products.
For solar energy systems, leased and to be leased, we commence transferring component parts from inventory to construction in progress, a component of solar energy systems, leased and to be leased, once a lease contract with a customer has been executed and installation has been initiated. Additional costs incurred on the leased systems, including labor and overhead, are recorded within construction in progress.
We write-down inventory for any excess or obsolete inventories or when we believe that the net realizable value of inventories is less than the carrying value. During the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017, we recorded write-downs of $17.3 million and $21.0 million, respectively, in cost of revenues.
21
Note 6 – Solar Energy Systems, Leased and To Be Leased, Net
Solar energy systems, leased and to be leased, net, consisted of the following (in thousands):
|
|
March 31, |
|
|
December 31, |
|
||
|
|
2018 |
|
|
2017 |
|
||
Solar energy systems leased to customers |
|
$ |
6,090,684 |
|
|
$ |
6,009,977 |
|
Initial direct costs related to customer solar energy system lease acquisition costs |
|
|
82,767 |
|
|
|
74,709 |
|
|
|
|
6,173,451 |
|
|
|
6,084,686 |
|
Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization |
|
|
(284,373 |
) |
|
|
(220,110 |
) |
|
|
|
5,889,078 |
|
|
|
5,864,576 |
|
Solar energy systems under construction |
|
|
233,563 |
|
|
|
243,847 |
|
Solar energy systems to be leased to customers |
|
|
223,733 |
|
|
|
239,067 |
|
Solar energy systems, leased and to be leased – net (1) |
|
$ |
6,346,374 |
|
|
$ |
6,347,490 |
|
(1) |
Included in solar energy systems, leased and to be leased, as of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017 was $36.0 million and $36.0 million, respectively, related to capital leased assets with an accumulated depreciation and amortization of $2.4 million and $1.9 million, respectively. |
Note 7 – Property, Plant and Equipment
Our property, plant and equipment, net, consisted of the following (in thousands):
|
|
March 31, |
|
|
December 31, |
|
||
|
|
2018 |
|
|
2017 |
|
||
Machinery, equipment, vehicles and office furniture |
|
$ |
4,532,822 |
|
|
$ |
4,251,711 |
|
Tooling |
|
|
1,299,296 |
|
|
|
1,255,952 |
|
Leasehold improvements |
|
|
840,718 |
|
|
|
789,751 |
|
Land and buildings |
|
|
3,808,170 |
|
|
|
2,517,247 |
|
Computer equipment, hardware and software |
|
|
426,173 |
|
|
|
395,067 |
|
Construction in progress |
|
|
1,604,595 |
|
|
|
2,541,588 |
|
|
|
|
12,511,774 |
|
|
|
11,751,316 |
|
Less: Accumulated depreciation and amortization |
|
|
(1,992,548 |
) |
|
|
(1,723,794 |
) |
Total |
|
$ |
10,519,226 |
|
|
$ |
10,027,522 |
|
Construction in progress is primarily comprised of tooling and equipment related to the manufacturing of our vehicles and a portion of Gigafactory 1 construction. Completed assets are transferred to their respective asset classes, and depreciation begins when an asset is ready for its intended use. Construction in progress also includes certain build-to-suit lease costs incurred at our Buffalo manufacturing facility, referred to as Gigafactory 2. During the three months ended March 31, 2018 , $491.4 million of costs at Gigafactory 1 and $649.5 million of costs at Gigafactory 2 were transferred to their respective asset classes from construction in progress as assets were placed in service. Interest on outstanding debt is capitalized during periods of significant capital asset construction and amortized over the useful lives of the related assets. During the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017, we capitalized $18.8 million and $23.3 million, respectively, of interest.
As of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the table above included $1.68 billion and $1.63 billion, respectively, of build-to-suit lease assets. As of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the corresponding financing liabilities of $87.3 million and $14.9 million, respectively, were recorded in accrued liabilities and $1.66 billion and $1.67 billion, respectively, were recorded in other long-term liabilities.
Depreciation and amortization expense during the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017 was $245.2 million, $160.1 million, respectively. Gross property and equipment under capital leases as of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017 was $814.7 million and $688.3 million, respectively. Accumulated depreciation on property and equipment under capital leases as of these dates was $135.3 million and $100.6 million, respectively.
22
Panasonic has partnered with us on Gigafactory 1 with investments in the production equipment that it uses to manufacture and supply us with battery cells. Under our arrangement with Panasonic, we plan to purchase the full output from their production equipment at negotiated prices. As these terms convey to us the right to use, as defined in ASC 840, Leases , their production equipment, we consider them to be leased assets when production commences. This results in u s recording the cost of their production equipment within property, plant and equipment, net, on the consolidated balance sheets with a corresponding liability recorded to financing obligations. For all suppliers and partners for which we plan to purchase the full output from their production equipment located at Gigafactory 1, we have applied similar accounting. As of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, w e had cumulatively capitalized costs of $576.4 million and $ 473.3 m illion, respectively, on the consolidated balance sheets in relation to the production equipment under our Panasonic arrangement. We had cumulatively capitalized total costs for the Gigafactory 1 of $3.54 billion and $ 3.15 billion as of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, re spectively.
Note 8 – Other Long-Term Liabilities
Other long-term liabilities consisted of the following (in thousands):
|
|
March 31, 2018 |
|
|
December 31, 2017 |
|
||
Accrued warranty reserve, net of current portion |
|
$ |
324,871 |
|
|
$ |
276,289 |
|
Build-to-suit lease liability, net of current portion |
|
|
1,663,972 |
|
|
|
1,665,768 |
|
Deferred rent expense |
|
|
52,222 |
|
|
|
46,820 |
|
Financing obligation, net of current portion |
|
|
57,312 |
|
|
|
67,929 |
|
Liability for receipts from an investor |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
29,713 |
|
Sales return reserve |
|
|
86,359 |
|
|
|
— |
|
Other noncurrent liabilities |
|
|
377,150 |
|
|
|
356,451 |
|
Total long-term liabilities |
|
$ |
2,561,886 |
|
|
$ |
2,442,970 |
|
The liability for receipts from an investor represents the amounts received from the investor under a lease pass-through fund arrangement for the monetization of ITCs for solar energy systems not yet placed in service. Due to the adoption of the new revenue standard, automotive sales with resale value guarantees that are now accounted for as sales with a right of return require a corresponding sales return reserve which is included in other long-term liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets.
Note 9 – Customer Deposits
Customer deposits primarily consisted of cash payments from customers at the time they place an order or reservation for a vehicle or an energy product and any additional payments up to the point of delivery or the completion of installation, including the fair values of any customer trade-in vehicles that are applicable toward a new vehicle purchase. Customer deposit amounts and timing vary depending on the vehicle model, the energy product and the country of delivery. Customer deposits are fully refundable; in the case of a vehicle, up to the point the vehicle is placed into the production cycle, and in the case of an energy generation or storage product, prior to the entry into a purchase agreement or in certain cases for a limited time thereafter (in accordance with applicable laws). Customer deposits are included in current liabilities until refunded or until they are applied towards the customer’s purchase balance. As of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, we held $984.8 million and $853.9 million, respectively, in customer deposits. Due to the adoption of the new revenue standard, customer deposits now include prepayments on contracts that can be cancelled without significant penalties, such as vehicle maintenance plans, which were previously reported as deferred revenue. As a result, $58.6 million of the increase in the customer deposits balance was from the adoption of the new revenue standard.
23
Note 10 – Convertible and Long-Term Debt Obligations
The following is a summary of our debt as of March 31, 2018 (in thousands):
|
|
Unpaid |
|
|
|
|
|
Unused |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|
Principal |
|
|
Net Carrying Value |
|
|
Committed |
|
|
Contractual |
|
|
|
||||||||
|
|
Balance |
|
|
Current |
|
|
Long-Term |
|
|
Amount |
|
|
Interest Rates |
|
|
Maturity Date |
|||||
Recourse debt: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.50% Convertible Senior Notes due in 2018 ("2018 Notes") |
|
$ |
303 |
|
|
$ |
302 |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
|
1.50 |
% |
|
June 2018 |
0.25% Convertible Senior Notes due in 2019 ("2019 Notes") |
|
|
920,000 |
|
|
|
879,632 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
0.25 |
% |
|
March 2019 |
1.25% Convertible Senior Notes due in 2021 ("2021 Notes") |
|
|
1,380,000 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
1,199,967 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
1.25 |
% |
|
March 2021 |
2.375% Convertible Senior Notes due in 2022 ("2022 Notes") |
|
|
977,500 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
849,058 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
2.375 |
% |
|
March 2022 |
5.30% Senior Notes due in 2025 ("2025 Notes") |
|
|
1,800,000 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
1,776,340 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
5.30 |
% |
|
August 2025 |
Credit Agreement |
|
|
1,286,000 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
1,286,000 |
|
|
|
542,912 |
|
|
1% plus LIBOR |
|
|
June 2020 |
|
Vehicle and other Loans |
|
|
7,518 |
|
|
|
7,337 |
|
|
|
181 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
1.8% - 7.6% |
|
|
April 2018- September 2019 |
|
2.75% Convertible Senior Notes due in 2018 |
|
|
230,000 |
|
|
|
226,305 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
2.75 |
% |
|
November 2018 |
1.625% Convertible Senior Notes due in 2019 |
|
|
566,000 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
520,781 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
1.625 |
% |
|
November 2019 |
Zero-Coupon Convertible Senior Notes due in 2020 |
|
|
103,000 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
87,758 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
0.0 |
% |
|
December 2020 |
Related Party Promissory Notes |
|
|
82,500 |
|
|
|
82,500 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
6.5 |
% |
|
August 2018 |
Solar Bonds |
|
|
31,698 |
|
|
|
7,095 |
|
|
|
24,508 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
2.6% - 5.75% |
|
|
April 2018- January 2031 |
|
Total recourse debt |
|
|
7,384,519 |
|
|
|
1,203,171 |
|
|
|
5,744,593 |
|
|
|
542,912 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Non-recourse debt: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Warehouse Agreements |
|
|
336,251 |
|
|
|
48,512 |
|
|
|
287,739 |
|
|
|
763,749 |
|
|
|
3.1 |
% |
|
September 2019 |
Canada Credit Facility |
|
|
76,282 |
|
|
|
29,467 |
|
|
|
46,815 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
3.6% - 5.1% |
|
|
November 2021 |
|
Term Loan due in December 2018 |
|
|
158,472 |
|
|
|
157,956 |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
5.2 |
% |
|
December 2018 |
|
Term Loan due in January 2021 |
|
|
174,176 |
|
|
|
6,015 |
|
|
|
167,190 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
5.3 |
% |
|
January 2021 |
Revolving Aggregation Credit Facility |
|
|
187,155 |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
183,859 |
|
|
|
412,845 |
|
|
4.6% - 5.0% |
|
|
December 2019 |
||
Solar Renewable Energy Credit Loan Facility |
|
|
34,883 |
|
|
|
15,111 |
|
|
|
19,741 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
7.5 |
% |
|
July 2021 |
Cash equity debt |
|
|
478,229 |
|
|
|
11,617 |
|
|
|
451,465 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
5.3% - 5.8% |
|
|
July 2033- January 2035 |
|
Solar asset-backed notes |
|
|
896,357 |
|
|
|
24,331 |
|
|
|
845,449 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
4.0% - 7.7% |
|
|
November 2038- February 2048 |
|
Solar loan-backed notes |
|
|
228,133 |
|
|
|
9,566 |
|
|
|
211,027 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
4.8% - 7.5% |
|
|
September 2048- September 2049 |
|
Automotive asset-backed notes |
|
|
511,587 |
|
|
|
249,888 |
|
|
|
261,699 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
2.3% - 4.9% |
|
|
December 2019 - March 2021 |
|
Total non-recourse debt |
|
|
3,081,525 |
|
|
|
552,463 |
|
|
|
2,474,984 |
|
|
|
1,176,594 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total debt |
|
$ |
10,466,044 |
|
|
$ |
1,755,634 |
|
|
$ |
8,219,577 |
|
|
$ |
1,719,506 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
24
The following is a summary of our debt as of December 31, 2017 (in thousands):
|
|
Unpaid |
|
|
|
|
|
Unused |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|
Principal |
|
|
Net Carrying Value |
|
|
Committed |
|
|
Contractual |
|
|
|
||||||||
|
|
Balance |
|
|
Current |
|
|
Long-Term |
|
|
Amount |
|
|
Interest Rates |
|
|
Maturity Date |
|||||
Recourse debt: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2018 Notes |
|
$ |
5,512 |
|
|
$ |
5,442 |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
|
1.50 |
% |
|
June 2018 |
2019 Notes |
|
|
920,000 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
869,092 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
0.25 |
% |
|
March 2019 |
2021 Notes |
|
|
1,380,000 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
1,186,131 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
1.25 |
% |
|
March 2021 |
2022 Notes |
|
|
977,500 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
841,973 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
2.375 |
% |
|
March 2022 |
2025 Notes |
|
|
1,800,000 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
1,775,550 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
5.30 |
% |
|
August 2025 |
Credit Agreement |
|
|
1,109,000 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
1,109,000 |
|
|
|
729,929 |
|
|
1% plus LIBOR |
|
|
June 2020 |
|
Vehicle and other Loans |
|
|
16,205 |
|
|
|
15,944 |
|
|
|
261 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
1.8% - 7.6% |
|
|
January 2018- September 2019 |
|
2.75% Convertible Senior Notes due in 2018 |
|
|
230,000 |
|
|
|
222,171 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
2.75% |
|
|
November 2018 |
|
1.625% Convertible Senior Notes due in 2019 |
|
|
566,000 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
511,389 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
1.625% |
|
|
November 2019 |
|
Zero-Coupon Convertible Senior Notes due in 2020 |
|
|
103,000 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
86,475 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
0.0% |
|
|
December 2020 |
|
Related Party Promissory Notes due in February 2018 |
|
|
100,000 |
|
|
|
100,000 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
6.5% |
|
|
February 2018 |
|
Solar Bonds |
|
|
32,016 |
|
|
|
7,008 |
|
|
|
24,940 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
2.6% - 5.8% |
|
|
March 2018- January 2031 |
|
Total recourse debt |
|
|
7,239,233 |
|
|
|
350,565 |
|
|
|
6,404,811 |
|
|
|
729,929 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Non-recourse debt: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Warehouse Agreement |
|
|
673,811 |
|
|
|
195,382 |
|
|
|
477,867 |
|
|
|
426,189 |
|
|
|
3.1 |
% |
|
September 2019 |
Canada Credit Facility |
|
|
86,708 |
|
|
|
31,106 |
|
|
|
55,603 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
3.6% - 5.1% |
|
|
November 2021 |
|
Term Loan due in December 2018 |
|
|
157,095 |
|
|
|
156,884 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
19,534 |
|
|
4.8% |
|
|
December 2018 |
|
Term Loan due in January 2021 |
|
|
176,290 |
|
|
|
5,885 |
|
|
|
169,352 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
4.9% |
|
|
January 2021 |
|
Revolving Aggregation Credit Facility |
|
|
161,796 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
158,733 |
|
|
|
438,204 |
|
|
4.1% - 4.5% |
|
|
December 2019 |
|
Solar Renewable Energy Credit Loan Facility |
|
|
38,575 |
|
|
|
15,858 |
|
|
|
22,774 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
7.3% |
|
|
July 2021 |
|
Cash equity debt |
|
|
482,133 |
|
|
|
12,334 |
|
|
|
454,421 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
5.3% - 5.8% |
|
|
July 2033- January 2035 |
|
Solar asset-backed notes |
|
|
907,241 |
|
|
|
23,829 |
|
|
|
856,586 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
4.0% - 7.7% |
|
|
November 2038- February 2048 |
|
Solar loan-backed notes |
|
|
244,498 |
|
|
|
8,006 |
|
|
|
228,838 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
4.8% - 7.5% |
|
|
September 2048- September 2049 |
|
Total non-recourse debt |
|
|
2,928,147 |
|
|
|
449,284 |
|
|
|
2,424,174 |
|
|
|
883,927 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total debt |
|
$ |
10,167,380 |
|
|
$ |
799,849 |
|
|
$ |
8,828,985 |
|
|
$ |
1,613,856 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Recourse debt refers to debt that is recourse to our general assets. Non-recourse debt refers to debt that is recourse to only specified assets of our subsidiaries. The differences between the unpaid principal balances and the net carrying values are due to convertible senior note conversion features, debt discounts or deferred financing costs. As of March 31, 2018 , we were in compliance with all financial debt covenants, which include minimum liquidity and expense-coverage balances and ratios.
2018 Notes, Bond Hedges and Warrant Transactions
During the first quarter of 2018 , $5.2 million in aggregate principal amount of the 2018 Notes were converted for $5.2 million in cash and 25,745 shares of our common stock. As a result, we recognized a loss on debt extinguishment of less than $0.1 million.
Credit Agreement
In June 2015, we entered into a senior asset-based revolving credit agreement (the “Credit Agreement”) with a syndicate of banks. Borrowed funds bear interest, at our option, at an annual rate of (a) 1% plus LIBOR or (b) the highest of (i) the federal funds rate plus 0.50%, (ii) the lenders’ “prime rate” or (iii) 1% plus LIBOR. The fee for undrawn amounts is 0.25% per annum. The Credit Agreement is secured by certain of our accounts receivable, inventory and equipment. Availability under the Credit Agreement is based on the value of such assets, as reduced by certain reserves. During 2017, the committed amount under the Credit Agreement was upsized three times.
On May 3, 2018, the Company and its subsidiary Tesla Motors Netherlands B.V. entered into the Ninth Amendment (the “Ninth Amendment”) to the Credit Agreement. The Ninth Amendment amended the Credit Agreement to permit Tesla to include in its discretion: (i) the Fremont Factory facilities in the U.S. borrowing base and/or (ii) vehicles in and in-transit to Belgium in the Dutch borrowing base.
Related Party Promissory Notes
In February 2018, we fully repaid the $17.5 million in aggregate principal amount of 6.50% promissory notes held by SolarCity’s former Chief Executive Officer that matured. On February 14, 2018, our Chief Executive Officer and SolarCity’s former Chief Technology Officer exchanged their $82.5 million (collectively) in aggregate principal amount of 6.50% promissory notes due in February 2018 for 6.50% promissory notes due in August 2018 in the same amounts.
25
Ware house Agreements
On February 6, 2018, we repaid $453.6 million of the principal outstanding under the Warehouse Agreements.
Automotive Asset-backed Notes, Series 2018-A
On February 6, 2018, we transferred receivables related to certain leased vehicles into a special purpose entity (“SPE”) and issued $546.1 million in aggregate principal amount of Automotive Asset-backed Notes, Series 2018-A, backed by these automotive assets to investors. The SPE is wholly owned by us and is consolidated in the financial statements. The proceeds from the issuance, net of discounts and fees, were $543.1 million. The cash flows generated by these automotive assets are used to service the monthly principal and interest payments on the Automotive Asset-backed Notes and satisfy the SPE’s expenses, and any remaining cash is distributed to one of our wholly owned subsidiaries. We recognize revenue earned from the associated customer lease contracts in accordance with our revenue recognition policy. The SPE’s assets and cash flows are not available to our other creditors, and the creditors of the SPE, including the Automotive Asset-backed Note holders, have no recourse to our other assets. A third-party contracted with us to provide administrative and collection services for these automotive assets.
Interest Incurred
The following table presents the interest incurred on our convertible senior notes with cash conversion features, which include the 2018 Notes, the 2019 Notes, the 2021 Notes and the 2022 Notes (in thousands):
|
|
Three Months Ended March 31, |
|
|||||
|
|
2018 |
|
|
2017 |
|
||
Contractual interest coupon |
|
$ |
10,548 |
|
|
$ |
6,151 |
|
Amortization of debt issuance costs |
|
|
1,615 |
|
|
|
1,308 |
|
Amortization of debt discounts |
|
|
29,859 |
|
|
|
23,962 |
|
Total |
|
$ |
42,022 |
|
|
$ |
31,421 |
|
Note 11 – Equity Incentive Plans
In 2010, we adopted the 2010 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2010 Plan”). The 2010 Plan provides for the granting of stock options, RSUs and stock purchase rights to our employees, directors and consultants. Stock options granted under the 2010 Plan may be either incentive stock options or nonqualified stock options. Incentive stock options may only be granted to our employees. Nonqualified stock options may be granted to our employees, directors and consultants. Generally, our stock options and RSUs vest over up to four years and are exercisable over a maximum period of 10 years from their grant dates. Vesting typically terminates when the employment or consulting relationship ends.
As of March 31, 2018, 11,407,099 shares were reserved and available for issuance under the 2010 Plan.
2018 CEO Performance Award
In March 2018, our stockholders approved the Board of Directors’ grant of 20,264,042 stock option awards to our CEO (the “2018 CEO Performance Award”). The 2018 CEO Performance Award consists of 12 vesting tranches with a vesting schedule based entirely on the attainment of both operational milestones (performance conditions) and market conditions, assuming continued employment either as the CEO or as both Executive Chairman and Chief Product Officer and service through each vesting date. Each of the 12 vesting tranches of the 2018 CEO Performance Award will vest upon certification by the Board of Directors that both (i) the market capitalization milestone for such tranche, which begins at $ 100 b illion for the first tranche and increases by increments of $50 billion thereafter, and (ii) any one of the following eight operational milestones focused on revenue or eight operational milestones focused on Adjusted EBITDA have been met for the previous four consecutive fiscal quarters. Adjusted EBITDA is defined as net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders before interest expense, provision (benefit) for income taxes, depreciation and amortization and stock-based compensation.
Total Revenue
|
Adjusted EBITDA (in billions) |
$ 20 .0 |
$ 1.5 |
$35.0 |
$3.0 |
$55.0 |
$4.5 |
$75.0 |
$6.0 |
$100.0 |
$8.0 |
$125.0 |
$10.0 |
$150.0 |
$12.0 |
$ 175 .0 |
$ 14 .0 |
26
As of March 31, 2018 , the following performance milestones were considered probable of achievement:
|
• |
Total revenue of $20.0 billion; |
|
• |
Adjusted EBITDA of $1.5 billion; and |
|
• |
Adjusted EBITDA of $3.0 billion. |
Stock-based compensation expense associated with the 2018 CEO Performance Award is recognized over the longer of the expected achievement period for each pair of market capitalization or operational milestones, beginning at the point in time when the relevant operational milestone is considered probable of being met. The market capitalization milestone period and the valuation of each tranche are determined using a Monte Carlo simulation and is used as the basis for determining the expected achievement period. The probability of meeting an operational milestone is based on a subjective assessment of our future financial projections. Even though no tranches of the 2018 CEO Performance Award vest unless a market capitalization and a matching operational milestone are both achieved, stock-based compensation expense is recognized only when an operational milestone is considered probable of achievement regardless of how much additional market capitalization must be achieved in order for a tranche to vest. At our current market capitalization, even the first tranche of the 2018 CEO Performance Award will not vest unless our market capitalization were to approximately double from the current level and stay at that increased level for a sustained period of time. Additionally, stock-based compensation represents a non-cash expense and is recorded as a selling, general, and administrative operating expense on our consolidated statement of operations.
As of March 31, 2018 , we had $766.2 million of total unrecognized stock-based compensation expense for the performance milestones that were considered probable of achievement, which will be recognized over a weighted-average period of 3.7 years. As of March 31, 2018 , we had unrecognized stock-based compensation expense of $1.51 billion for the performance milestones that were considered not probable of achievement. Starting on March 21, 2018 when the grant was approved by our stockholders, we recorded stock-based compensation expense of $6.7 million related to the 2018 CEO Performance Award for the three months ended March 31, 2018 .
2014 Performance-Based Stock Option Awards
In 2014, to create incentives for continued long-term success beyond the Model S program and to closely align executive pay with our stockholders’ interests in the achievement of significant milestones by us, the Compensation Committee of our Board of Directors granted stock option awards to certain employees (excluding our CEO) to purchase an aggregate of 1,073,000 shares of our common stock. Each award consisted of the following four vesting tranches with the vesting schedule based entirely on the attainment of the future performance milestones, assuming continued employment and service through each vesting date:
|
• |
1/4th of each award vests upon completion of the first Model X production vehicle; |
|
• |
1/4th of each award vests upon achieving aggregate production of 100,000 vehicles in a trailing 12-month period; |
|
• |
1/4th of each award vests upon completion of the first Model 3 production vehicle; and |
|
• |
1/4th of each award vests upon achieving an annualized gross margin of greater than 30% for any three-year period. |
As of March 31, 2018 , the following performance milestones had been achieved:
|
• |
Completion of the first Model X production vehicle; |
|
• |
Completion of the first Model 3 production vehicle; and |
|
• |
Aggregate production of 100,000 vehicles in a trailing 12-month period. |
We began recognizing stock-based compensation expense as each performance milestone becomes probable of achievement. As of March 31, 2018 , we had unrecognized stock-based compensation expense of $13.1 million for the performance milestone that was considered not probable of achievement. For the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017, we recorded stock-based compensation expense of $0 and $2.7 million, respectively, related to these awards.
27
2012 CEO Performance Award
In August 2012, our Board of Directors granted 5,274,901 stock option awards to our CEO (the “2012 CEO Performance Award”). The 2012 CEO Performance Award consists of 10 vesting tranches with a vesting schedule based entirely on the attainment of both performance conditions and market conditions, assuming continued employment and service through each vesting date. Each vesting tranche requires a combination of a pre-determined performance milestone and an incremental increase in our market capitalization of $4.00 billion, as compared to our initial market capitalization of $3.20 billion at the time of grant. As of March 31, 2018 , the market capitalization conditions for all of the vesting tranches and the following performance milestones had been achieved:
|
• |
Successful completion of the Model X alpha prototype; |
|
• |
Successful completion of the Model X beta prototype; |
|
• |
Completion of the first Model X production vehicle; |
|
• |
Aggregate production of 100,000 vehicles; |
|
• |
Successful completion of the Model 3 alpha prototype; |
|
• |
Successful completion of the Model 3 beta prototype; |
|
• |
Completion of the first Model 3 production vehicle; |
|
• |
Aggregate production of 200,000 vehicles; and |
|
• |
Aggregate production of 300,000 vehicles. |
We began recognizing stock -based compensation expense as each milestone becomes probable of achievement. As of March 31, 2018 , we had unrecognized stock-based compensation expense of $5.7 million for the performance milestone that was considered not probable of achievement. For the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017, we recorded stock-based compensation expense of $0.1 million and $1.4 million, respectively, related to the 2012 CEO Performance Award.
Our CEO earns a base salary that reflects the currently applicable minimum wage requirements under California law, and he is subject to income taxes based on such base salary. However, he has never accepted and currently does not accept his salary.
Summary Stock-Based Compensation Information
The following table summarizes our stock-based compensation expense by line item in the consolidated statements of operations (in thousands):
|
|
Three Months Ended March 31, |
|
|||||
|
|
2018 |
|
|
2017 |
|
||
Cost of sales |
|
$ |
18,085 |
|
|
$ |
10,031 |
|
Research and development |
|
|
61,107 |
|
|
|
49,192 |
|
Selling, general and administrative |
|
|
62,447 |
|
|
|
44,494 |
|
Total |
|
$ |
141,639 |
|
|
$ |
103,717 |
|
We realized no income tax benefit from stock option exercises in each of the periods presented due to recurring losses and valuation allowances. As of March 31, 2018 , we had $1.42 billion of total unrecognized stock-based compensation expense related to non-performance awards, which will be recognized over a weighted-average period of 3.0 years.
Note 12 – Commitments and Contingencies
Non-Cancellable Leases
We have entered into various non-cancellable operating lease agreements for certain of our offices, manufacturing and warehouse facilities, retail and service locations, equipment, vehicles, solar energy systems and Supercharger sites, throughout the world.
Build-to-Suit Lease Arrangement in Buffalo, New York
We have a build-to-suit lease arrangement with the Research Foundation for the State University of New York (the “SUNY Foundation”) where the SUNY Foundation will construct a solar cell and panel manufacturing facility, referred to as Gigafactory 2, with our participation in the design and construction, install certain utilities and other improvements and acquire certain manufacturing equipment designated by us to be used in the manufacturing facility. During the three months ended March 31, 2018 , we began production at the manufacturing facility, although construction has not been fully completed.
28
Legal Proceedings
Securities Litigation Relating to SolarCity’s Financial Statements and Guidance
On March 28, 2014, a purported stockholder class action was filed in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California against SolarCity and two of its officers. The complaint alleges violations of federal securities laws, and seeks unspecified compensatory damages and other relief on behalf of a purported class of purchasers of SolarCity’s securities from March 6, 2013 to March 18, 2014. After a series of amendments to the original complaint, the District Court dismissed the amended complaint and entered a judgment in our favor on August 9, 2016. The plaintiffs have filed a notice of appeal. On December 4, 2017, the Court heard oral argument on plaintiffs’ notice of appeal from the dismissal. On March 8, 2018, the Court upheld the District Court ruling of dismissal and judgment in our favor. The case is concluded.
Securities Litigation Relating to the SolarCity Acquisition
Between September 1, 2016 and October 5, 2016, seven lawsuits were filed in the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware by purported stockholders of Tesla challenging our acquisition of SolarCity. Following consolidation, the lawsuit names as defendants the members of Tesla’s board of directors and alleges, among other things, that board members breached their fiduciary duties in connection with the acquisition. The complaint asserts both derivative claims and direct claims on behalf of a purported class and seeks, among other relief, unspecified monetary damages, attorneys’ fees, and costs. On January 27, 2017, the defendants filed a motion to dismiss the operative complaint. Rather than respond to the defendants’ motion, the plaintiffs filed an amended complaint. On March 17, 2017, the defendants filed a motion to dismiss the amended complaint. On December 13, 2017, the Court heard oral argument on the motion. On March 28, 2018, the Court denied defendants' motion to dismiss. This case will now proceed .
These plaintiffs and others filed parallel actions in the U.S. District Court for the District of Delaware on April 21, 2017. Those actions have been consolidated and are stayed pending the Chancery Court litigation. They include claims for violations of the federal securities laws and breach of fiduciary duties by Tesla's board of directors. That action is stayed pending the Chancery Court litigation.
On February 6, 2017, a purported stockholder made a demand to inspect Tesla’s books and records, purportedly to investigate potential breaches of fiduciary duty in connection with the SolarCity acquisition .
We believe that the claims challenging the SolarCity acquisition are without merit. We are unable to estimate the possible loss or range of loss, if any, associated with these lawsuits.
Securities Litigation Relating to Production of Model 3 Vehicles
On October 10, 2017, a purported stockholder class action was filed in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California against Tesla, Inc., two of its current officers, and a former officer. The complaint alleges violations of federal securities laws, and seeks unspecified compensatory damages and other relief on behalf of a purported class of purchasers of Tesla securities from May 4, 2016 to October 6, 2017. The lawsuit claims that Tesla supposedly made materially false and misleading statements regarding the Company’s preparedness to produce Model 3 vehicles. Plaintiffs filed an amended complaint on March 23, 2018, and defendants will file a motion to dismiss on May 25, 2018. We believe that the claims are without merit and intend to defend against this lawsuit vigorously. We are unable to estimate the possible loss or range of loss, if any, associated with this lawsuit .
Other Matters
From time to time, we have received requests for information from regulators and governmental authorities, such as the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, the National Transportation Safety Board and the Securities and Exchange Commission. We are also subject to various other legal proceedings and claims that arise from the normal course of business activities. If an unfavorable ruling were to occur, there exists the possibility of a material adverse impact on our business, results of operations, prospects, cash flows, financial position and brand .
29
Indemnification and Guaranteed Returns
We are contractually obligated to compensate certain fund investors for any losses that they may suffer in certain limited circumstances resulting from reductions in U.S. Treasury grants or ITCs. Generally, such obligations would arise as a result of reductions to the value of the underlying solar energy systems as assessed by the U.S. Treasury Department for purposes of claiming U.S. Treasury grants or as assessed by the IRS for purposes of claiming ITCs or U.S. Treasury grants. For each balance sheet date, we assess and recognize, when applicable, a distribution payable for the potential exposure from this obligation based on all the information available at that time, including any guidelines issued by the U.S. Treasury Department on solar energy system valuations for purposes of claiming U.S. Treasury grants and any audits undertaken by the IRS. We believe that any payments to the fund investors in excess of the amounts already recognized by us, which were immaterial, for this obligation are not probable based on the facts known at the filing date.
The maximum potential future payments that we could have to make under this obligation would depend on the difference between the fair values of the solar energy systems sold or transferred to the funds as determined by us and the values that the U.S. Treasury Department would determine as fair value for the systems for purposes of claiming U.S. Treasury grants or the values the IRS would determine as the fair value for the systems for purposes of claiming ITCs or U.S. Treasury grants. We claim U.S. Treasury grants based on guidelines provided by the U.S. Treasury department and the statutory regulations from the IRS. We use fair values determined with the assistance of independent third-party appraisals commissioned by us as the basis for determining the ITCs that are passed-through to and claimed by the fund investors. Since we cannot determine future revisions to U.S. Treasury Department guidelines governing solar energy system values or how the IRS will evaluate system values used in claiming ITCs or U.S. Treasury grants, we are unable to reliably estimate the maximum potential future payments that it could have to make under this obligation as of each balance sheet date.
We are eligible to receive certain state and local incentives that are associated with renewable energy generation. The amount of incentives that can be claimed is based on the projected or actual solar energy system size and/or the amount of solar energy produced. We also currently participate in one state’s incentive program that is based on either the fair market value or the tax basis of solar energy systems placed in service. State and local incentives received are allocated between us and fund investors in accordance with the contractual provisions of each fund. We are not contractually obligated to indemnify any fund investor for any losses they may incur due to a shortfall in the amount of state or local incentives actually received.
We are contractually obligated to make payments to one fund investor if the fund investor does not achieve a specified minimum internal rate of return. The fund investor has already received a significant portion of the projected economic benefits from U.S. Treasury grant distributions and tax depreciation benefits. The contractual provisions of the fund state that the fund has an indefinite term unless the members agree to dissolve the fund. Based on our current financial projections regarding the amounts and timing of future distributions to the fund investor, we do not expect to make any payments as a result of this guarantee and have not accrued any liabilities for this guarantee. The amounts of any potential future payments under this guarantee are dependent on the amounts and timing of future distributions to the fund investor, future tax benefits that accrue to the fund investor, our purchase of the fund investor’s interest in the fund and future distributions to the fund investor upon the liquidation of the fund. Due to the uncertainties surrounding estimating the amounts and timing of these factors, we are unable to estimate the maximum potential payments under this guarantee. To date, the fund investor has achieved the specified minimum internal rate of return.
Our lease pass-through financing funds have a one-time lease payment reset mechanism that occurs after the installation of all solar energy systems in a fund. As a result of this mechanism, we may be required to refund master lease prepayments previously received from investors. Any refunds of master lease prepayments would reduce the lease pass-through financing obligation.
Letters of Credit
As of March 31, 2018 , we had $145.0 million of unused letters of credit outstanding.
Note 13 – Variable Interest Entity Arrangements
We have entered into various arrangements with investors to facilitate the funding and monetization of our solar energy systems and vehicles. In particular, our wholly owned subsidiaries and fund investors have formed and contributed cash and assets into various financing funds and entered into related agreements. We have determined that the funds are variable interest entities (“VIEs”) and we are the primary beneficiary of these VIEs by reference to the power and benefits criterion under ASC 810, Consolidation . We have considered the provisions within the agreements, which grant us the power to manage and make decisions that affect the operation of these VIEs, including determining the solar energy systems or vehicles and the associated customer contracts to be sold or contributed to these VIEs, redeploying solar energy systems or vehicles and managing customer receivables. We consider that the rights granted to the fund investors under the agreements are more protective in nature rather than participating.
30
As the primary beneficiary of these VIEs, we consolidate in the financial statements the financial position, results of operations and cash f lows of these VIEs, and all intercompany balances and transactions between us and these VIEs are eliminated in the consolidated financial statements. Cash distributions of income and other receipts by a fund, net of agreed upon expenses, estimated expenses , tax benefits and detriments of income and loss and tax credits, are allocated to the fund investor and our subsidiary as specified in the agreements.
Generally, our subsidiary has the option to acquire the fund investor’s interest in the fund for an amount based on the market value of the fund or the formula specified in the agreements.
Upon the sale or liquidation of a fund, distributions would occur in the order and priority specified in the agreements.
Pursuant to management services, maintenance and warranty arrangements, we have been contracted to provide services to the funds, such as operations and maintenance support, accounting, lease servicing and performance reporting. In some instances, we have guaranteed payments to the fund investors as specified in the agreements. A fund’s creditors have no recourse to our general credit or to that of other funds. None of the assets of the funds had been pledged as collateral for their obligations.
The aggregate carrying values of the VIEs’ assets and liabilities, after elimination of any intercompany transactions and balances, in the consolidated balance sheets were as follows (in thousands):
|
|
March 31, 2018 |
|
|
December 31, 2017 |
|
||
Assets |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current assets |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents |
|
$ |
53,530 |
|
|
$ |
55,425 |
|
Restricted cash |
|
|
37,248 |
|
|
|
33,656 |
|
Accounts receivable, net |
|
|
25,680 |
|
|
|
18,204 |
|
Prepaid expenses and other current assets |
|
|
10,278 |
|
|
|
9,018 |
|
Total current assets |
|
|
126,736 |
|
|
|
116,303 |
|
Operating lease vehicles, net |
|
|
499,852 |
|
|
|
337,089 |
|
Solar energy systems, leased and to be leased, net |
|
|
5,079,068 |
|
|
|
5,075,321 |
|
Restricted cash, net of current portion |
|
|
45,076 |
|
|
|
36,999 |
|
Other assets |
|
|
38,338 |
|
|
|
29,555 |
|
Total assets |
|
$ |
5,789,070 |
|
|
$ |
5,595,267 |
|
Liabilities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current liabilities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accounts payable |
|
$ |
32 |
|
|
$ |
32 |
|
Accrued liabilities and other |
|
|
81,816 |
|
|
|
51,652 |
|
Deferred revenue |
|
|
16,795 |
|
|
|
59,412 |
|
Customer deposits |
|
|
3,009 |
|
|
|
726 |
|
Current portion of long-term debt and capital leases |
|
|
468,158 |
|
|
|
196,531 |
|
Total current liabilities |
|
|
569,810 |
|
|
|
308,353 |
|
Deferred revenue, net of current portion |
|
|
226,601 |
|
|
|
323,919 |
|
Long-term debt and capital leases, net of current portion |
|
|
1,000,720 |
|
|
|
625,934 |
|
Other long-term liabilities |
|
|
29,310 |
|
|
|
30,536 |
|
Total liabilities |
|
$ |
1,826,441 |
|
|
$ |
1,288,742 |
|
Note 14 – Related Party Transactions
Related party balances were comprised of the following (in thousands):
|
|
March 31, 2018 |
|
|
December 31, 2017 |
|
||
Solar Bonds issued to related parties |
|
$ |
100 |
|
|
$ |
100 |
|
Convertible senior notes due to related parties |
|
$ |
3,000 |
|
|
$ |
3,000 |
|
Promissory notes due to related parties |
|
$ |
82,500 |
|
|
$ |
100,000 |
|
Due to related parties (primarily accrued interest, included in accrued and other current liabilities) |
|
$ |
708 |
|
|
$ |
2,509 |
|
31
The related party transactions were primarily from debt held by our CEO, SolarCity’s former CEO and SolarCity’s former Chief Technology Officer.
Note 15 – Segment Reporting and Information about Geographic Areas
We have two operating and reportable segments: (i) automotive and (ii) energy generation and storage. The automotive segment includes the design, development, manufacturing, sales, and leasing of electric vehicles as well as sales of automotive regulatory credits. Additionally, the automotive segment is also comprised of services and other, which includes after-sales vehicle services, used vehicle sales, powertrain sales and services by Tesla Grohmann Automation GmbH (“Grohmann”). The energy generation and storage segment includes the design, manufacture, installation, sales, and leasing of solar energy generation and energy storage products. Our CODM does not evaluate operating segments using asset or liability information. The following table presents revenues and gross margins by reportable segment (in thousands):
|
|
Three Months Ended March 31, |
|
|||||
|
|
2018 |
|
|
2017 |
|
||
Automotive segment |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Revenues |
|
$ |
2,998,729 |
|
|
$ |
2,482,326 |
|
Gross profit |
|
$ |
421,867 |
|
|
$ |
605,775 |
|
Energy generation and storage segment |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Revenues |
|
$ |
410,022 |
|
|
$ |
213,944 |
|
Gross profit |
|
$ |
34,659 |
|
|
$ |
62,171 |
|
The following table presents revenues by geographic area based on where our products are delivered (in thousands):
|
|
Three Months Ended March 31, |
|
|||||
|
|
2018 |
|
|
2017 |
|
||
United States |
|
$ |
1,844,447 |
|
|
$ |
1,275,208 |
|
China |
|
|
508,703 |
|
|
|
503,933 |
|
Norway |
|
|
162,319 |
|
|
|
135,402 |
|
Other |
|
|
893,282 |
|
|
|
781,727 |
|
Total |
|
$ |
3,408,751 |
|
|
$ |
2,696,270 |
|
The following table presents long-lived assets by geographic area (in thousands):
|
|
March 31, 2018 |
|
|
December 31, 2017 |
|
||
United States |
|
$ |
16,060,520 |
|
|
$ |
15,587,979 |
|
International |
|
|
805,080 |
|
|
|
787,033 |
|
Total |
|
$ |
16,865,600 |
|
|
$ |
16,375,012 |
|
32
I TEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
Overview
Our mission is to accelerate the world’s transition to sustainable energy. We design, develop, manufacture, lease and sell high-performance fully electric vehicles, solar energy generation systems and energy storage products. We also offer maintenance, installation, operation and other services related to our products.
Automotive
Our production vehicle fleet includes our Model S premium sedan and our Model X sport utility vehicle, which are our highest-performance vehicles, and our Model 3, a lower-priced sedan designed for the mass market which we began to produce and deliver in the second half of 2017. We continue to enhance our vehicle offerings with enhanced Autopilot options, Internet connectivity and free over-the-air software updates to provide additional safety, convenience and performance features. In addition, we have several future electric vehicles in our product pipeline, including those we unveiled in 2017 – an electric semi-truck and a new version of the Tesla Roadster .
Energy Generation and Storage
We lease and sell solar energy systems and sell renewable energy and energy storage products to our customers. We have partnered with Panasonic to provide capital and operational support to manufacture PV cells, thus enabling high volume integrated tile and PV cell production at our Gigafactory 2 in Buffalo, New York. We are also continuing to ramp Solar Roof production at Gigafactory 2. Our energy storage products, which we manufacture at Gigafactory 1, consist of Powerwall, mostly for residential applications, and Powerpack, for commercial, industrial and utility-scale applications.
Management Opportunities, Challenges and Risks
Automotive Demand, Production and Deliveries
We drive demand for our vehicles by continually improving our vehicles through over-the-air software updates, expanding our retail, service and charging infrastructure, and by periodically developing and introducing new passenger and commercial electric vehicle variants and models. Our goal is to produce the world’s highest quality vehicles as quickly and as cost-effectively as possible with a priority on workplace health and safety.
The worldwide automotive markets for alternative fuel vehicles and self-driving technology are highly competitive and we expect them to become even more so. A growing number of companies, including established automakers, have announced plans to expand, and in some cases fully transition to, production of electric or environmentally friendly vehicles, and/or to develop self-driving technologies. We welcome the acceleration of the world’s transition to sustainable transport. Nonetheless, we believe that the unique features of our vehicles, our constant innovation, our growing brand, the increased affordability introduced with Model 3, our global Supercharger network and our future vehicles will continue to generate incremental demand for our vehicles by making our vehicles accessible to larger and previously untapped consumer and commercial markets.
We have made significant progress on the ramp of Model 3 since the second half of the first quarter of 2018. We remain committed to our automation strategy, which is key to achieving our goals, and we are seeing many benefits from heavily increasing automation as part of the Model 3 production process. Model 3 is already the highest quality vehicle we have ever produced, due in large part to this automation. That said, we added automation too quickly in certain manufacturing processes and experienced challenges in ramping select areas of production, including portions of the battery module line at Gigafactory 1 and part of the materials flow system and two steps of the general assembly line at the Tesla Factory. We have temporarily reduced automation in these areas and introduced semi-automated or manual processes while we work to eventually turn back to fully automated processes. As a result of our efforts, we have largely overcome the bottleneck in our battery module line, which for months was our main production bottleneck. Prior to taking a planned downtime in the third week of April 2018 to address several small, known constraints, our production of Model 3 exceeded 2,000 vehicles per week for three consecutive weeks.
33
We continue to target Model 3 production of approxi mately 5,000 per week around the beginning of July 2018, although our prior experience has demonstrated the difficulty of accurately forecasting specific production rates at specific points in time because of the exponential nature of the ramp. We also pla n to take additional days of downtime during the remainder of the second quarter of 2018 to address other bottlenecks across the manufacturing lines and increase production. After achieving the 5,000 per week production rate, we will begin offering new Mod el 3 options such as all-wheel drive and the base model with a standard-sized battery pack. At that point, we also intend to incorporate our cumulative experience to continue to increase output on our existing manufacturing lines beyond 5,000 vehicles per week, and then add incremental capacity in a capital-efficient manner to ultimately achieve a weekly production rate of 10,000 vehicles.
We expect Model S and Model X deliveries to be approximately 100,000 in total in 2018, constrained by the total available supply of cells with the 18650 form factor used in those vehicles. As our sales network continues to expand to new markets in 2018, we believe vehicle orders should continue to grow. With demand outpacing production, we plan to optimize the trim and option mix in order to optimize revenue and gross margin. We have made significant and sustained progress in the production processes of Model S and Model X, and we will continue to improve manufacturing efficiencies for these vehicles in 2018.
We are also making strides in other aspects of our vehicle production, deliveries and customer infrastructure. For example, we expect to continue to lower the cost of manufacturing our vehicles due to economies of scale, material cost reductions and more efficient manufacturing and equipment utilization. We have achieved cost improvements through material cost reductions from both engineering and commercial actions and increased manufacturing efficiencies including better inventory control for Model S and Model X. We have also seen improved product reliability in our vehicles, batteries and drive units. Likewise, we may experience infrastructure constraints and customer experience issues relating to vehicle deliveries, but are trying to address such issues by opening additional delivery and service centers to scale the volume of vehicles we are able to deliver. We are also in the process of changing the quarterly production patterns of Model S and Model X vehicles by geographical region to ensure a more linear flow of deliveries through the quarter. We believe this change will provide a better customer experience and reduce the stress on our delivery system. As sales of Tesla vehicles ramp in 2018, we plan to continue to open new Tesla retail, locations, service centers and delivery hubs around the world, we plan to continue to expand our Mobile Service fleet, and we plan to significantly increase the number of Superchargers and Destination Charging connectors globally with the goal of remaining ahead of the Model 3 ramp.
We are also making progress with our self-driving technology. In March 2018, we released a significant Autopilot update and we upgraded our mapping architecture, which establishes a key platform to enable safer driving and the transition towards full autonomy. This latest mapping software is dramatically simpler and faster, providing a better user experience and superior performance.
Energy Generation and Storage Demand, Production and Deployment
We are continuing to reduce customer acquisition costs of our energy generation products, including by cutting advertising spend and increasingly selling these products in Tesla stores with dedicated energy product sales personnel and leveraging channel partnerships. We have deemphasized absolute volume growth for our retrofit solar products, and we have instead prioritized projects for upfront cash generation and profitability. Our Solar Roof at Gigafactory 2 continued to ramp during the first quarter of 2018. We are working to enhance the design and manufacturing process of this product in order to improve the customer experience while reducing manufacturing cost and achieving high levels of quality. Production should accelerate significantly in the second half of 2018.
We expect energy storage products to experience significant growth, with our aim being to at least triple our sales in 2018. We are ramping up production for these products at our Gigafactory 1 over the next several quarters, but demand is greater than our current production capacity for energy storage. For example, although we deployed a record number of residential Powerwall systems in the first quarter of 2018, our net backlog continued to grow in the same quarter.
We expect energy generation and storage gross margin to improve significantly in 2018 as a result of higher-margin commercial solar projects and a more profitable energy storage business due to overall cost and manufacturing efficiencies from scaling.
Trends in Cash Flow, Capital Expenditures and Operating Expenses
Capital expenditures in 2018 are expected to support increases in Model 3 production capacity at Gigafactory 1 and the Tesla Factory, and for building additional stores, service centers and Superchargers. However, we have significantly reduced our projections for capital expenditures by focusing on the critical near-term needs that will benefit us primarily in the next two years. At this stage, we are expecting total 2018 capital expenditures to be slightly below $3 billion. Ultimately, our capital expenditures will develop in line with Model 3 production, our profitability and our operating cash generation.
34
We expect operating expenses to grow in 2018 as compared to 2017, although operating expenses should decrease significantly as a percentage of revenue due to the significant increase in expected revenue in 2018 and as we focus on increasing operational efficiency. The growth in operating expense will mainly be driven by engineering, design and testing of new products or changes to existing products and higher sales and service costs associated with expanding our worldwide geographic presence. In addition, we expect operating expenses to increase as a result of increased selling, general and administrative expenses incurred by our energy generation and storage business.
In March 2018, our stockholders approved a new 10-year CEO performance award for Elon Musk with vesting contingent on achieving market capitalization and operational milestones. Consequently, we may incur significant additional non-cash stock-based compensation expense over the term of the award as each operational milestone becomes probable of vesting.
Automotive Financing Options
We offer loans and leases for our vehicles in certain markets in North America, Europe and Asia primarily through various financial institutions. We offered resale value guarantees or similar buy-back terms to all direct customers who purchase vehicles and who financed their vehicle through one of our specified commercial banking partners. Subsequent to June 30, 2016, this program is available only in certain international markets. Resale value guarantees available for exercise within the 12 months following March 31, 2018 totaled $ 125.1 million in value.
We have adopted the new revenue recognition standard ASC 606 effective January 1, 2018. This impacts the way we account for vehicle sales with a resale value guarantee and vehicles leased through our leasing partners, which now generally qualify to be accounted for as sales with a right of return. In addition, for certain vehicles sales with a resale value guarantee and vehicles leased through leasing partners prior to 2018, we have ceased recognizing lease revenue starting in 2018 and now record the associated cumulative adjustment to equity under the modified retrospective approach.
Vehicle deliveries with the resale value guarantee do not impact our near-term cash flows and liquidity, since we receive the full amount of cash for the vehicle sales price at delivery. While we do not assume any credit risk related to the customer, if a customer exercises the option to return the vehicle to us, we are exposed to liquidity risk that the resale value of vehicles under these programs may be lower than our guarantee, or the volume of vehicles returned to us may be higher than our estimates or we may be unable to resell the used vehicles in a timely manner, all of which could adversely impact our cash flows. Through 2017, we only had an insignificant number of customers who exercised their resale value guarantees and returned their vehicles to us. Based on current market demand for our vehicles, we estimate the resale prices for our vehicles will continue to be above our resale value guarantee amounts. Should market values of our vehicles or customer demand decrease, these estimates may be impacted materially.
We currently offer vehicle leases in the U.S. for Model S and Model X directly from Tesla Finance, our captive financing entity. Leasing through Tesla Finance is available in 39 states and the District of Columbia. We also offer financing arrangements through our entities in Canada, Germany and the United Kingdom. We also offer leasing through leasing partners in certain jurisdictions. Leasing through our captive financing entities and our leasing partners exposes us to residual value risk. In addition, for leases offered directly from our captive financing entities, we assume customer credit risk. We plan to continue expanding our financing offerings, including our lease financing options and the financial sources to support them, and to support the overall financing needs of our customers. To the extent that we are unable to arrange such options for our customers on terms that are attractive, our sales, financial results and cash flows could be negatively impacted.
Energy Generation and Storage Financing Options
We offer our customers the choice to either purchase and own solar energy systems or to purchase the energy that our solar energy systems produce through various contractual arrangements. These contractual arrangements include long-term leases and power purchase agreements. In both structures, we install our solar energy systems at our customer’s premises and charge the customer a monthly fee. In the lease structure, this monthly payment is fixed with a minimum production guarantee. In the power purchase agreement structure, we charge customers a fee per kilowatt-hour, or kWh, based on the amount of electricity the solar energy system actually produces. The leases and power purchase agreements are typically for 20 years with a renewal option, and generally when there is no upfront prepayment, the specified monthly fees are subject to annual escalations.
For customers who want to purchase and own solar energy systems, we also offer solar loans, whereby a third-party lender provides financing directly to a qualified customer to enable the customer to purchase and own a solar energy system designed, installed and serviced by us. We enter into a standard solar energy system sale and installation agreement with the customer. Separately, the customer enters into a loan agreement with a third-party lender, who finances the full purchase price. We are not a party to the loan agreement between the customer and the third-party lender, and the third-party lender has no recourse against us with respect to the loan.
35
Gigafactory 1
We continue to develop Gigafactory 1 as a facility where we work together with our suppliers to integrate production of battery material, cells, modules, battery packs and drive units in one location for vehicles and energy storage products. We also continue to invest in the future expansion of Gigafactory 1 and in production equipment for battery cell, module and pack production.
Panasonic has partnered with us on Gigafactory 1 with investments in the production equipment that it uses to manufacture and supply us with battery cells. Under our arrangement with Panasonic, we plan to purchase the full output from their production equipment at negotiated prices. As these terms convey to us the right to use, as defined in ASC 840, Leases , their production equipment, we consider them to be leased assets when production commences. This results in us recording the value of their production equipment within property, plant and equipment, net, on the consolidated balance sheets with a corresponding liability recorded to financing obligations. For all suppliers and partners for which we plan to purchase the full output from their production equipment located at Gigafactory 1, we will apply similar accounting. During the three months ended March 31, 2018, we recorded $103.0 million on the consolidated balance sheet.
While we currently believe that our progress at Gigafactory 1 will allow us to reach our production targets, our ultimate ability to do so will require us to resolve the types of challenges that are typical of a production ramp. For example, we have experienced bottlenecks in the assembly of battery modules at Gigafactory 1, which has negatively affected our production of Model 3. While we have made significant progress resolving the known issues at Gigafactory 1, given the size and complexity of this undertaking, it is possible that future events could result in the cost of building and operating Gigafactory 1 exceeding our current expectations and Gigafactory 1 taking longer to expand than we currently anticipate.
Gigafactory 2
We have an agreement with the SUNY Foundation for the construction of a factory capable of producing at least 1.0 gigawatts of solar cells annually in Buffalo, New York, referred to as Gigafactory 2. In December 2016, we entered into an agreement with Panasonic under which it manufactures custom PV cells and modules for us, primarily at Gigafactory 2, and we will purchase certain quantities of PV cells and modules from Panasonic during the 10-year term.
The terms of our agreement with the SUNY Foundation require us to comply with a number of covenants, and any failure to comply with these covenants could obligate us to pay significant amounts to the SUNY Foundation and result in termination of the agreement. Although we have commenced production at Gigafactory 2, our expectations as to the cost of building the facility, acquiring manufacturing equipment and supporting our manufacturing operations may prove incorrect, which could subject us to significant expenses to achieve the desired benefits.
Other Manufacturing
In addition, we continue to expand production capacity at our Tesla Factory and are exploring additional production capacity in Asia and Europe.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”). The preparation of the consolidated financial statements requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues, costs and expenses and the related disclosures. We base our estimates on historical experience, as appropriate, and on various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances. Changes in the accounting estimates are reasonably likely to occur from period to period. Accordingly, actual results could differ significantly from the estimates made by us. We evaluate our estimates and assumptions on an on-going basis. To the extent that there are material differences between our estimates and actual results, the future financial statement presentation, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows would be affected.
For a description of our critical accounting policies and estimates, refer to Note 2, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies , to the consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
36
Results of Operations
Revenues
|
|
Three Months Ended March 31, |
|
|
Change |
|
||||||||||
(Dollars in thousands) |
|
2018 |
|
|
2017 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
% |
|
||||
Automotive sales |
|
$ |
2,561,881 |
|
|
$ |
2,035,060 |
|
|
$ |
526,821 |
|
|
|
26 |
% |
Automotive leasing |
|
|
173,436 |
|
|
|
254,540 |
|
|
|
(81,104 |
) |
|
|
-32 |
% |
Total automotive revenues |
|
|
2,735,317 |
|
|
|
2,289,600 |
|
|
|
445,717 |
|
|
|
19 |
% |
Services and other |
|
|
263,412 |
|
|
|
192,726 |
|
|
|
70,686 |
|
|
|
37 |
% |
Total automotive & services and other segment revenue |
|
|
2,998,729 |
|
|
|
2,482,326 |
|
|
|
516,403 |
|
|
|
21 |
% |
Energy generation and storage segment revenue |
|
|
410,022 |
|
|
|
213,944 |
|
|
|
196,078 |
|
|
|
92 |
% |
Total revenues |
|
$ |
3,408,751 |
|
|
$ |
2,696,270 |
|
|
$ |
712,481 |
|
|
|
26 |
% |
Automotive & Services and Other Segment
Automotive sales revenue includes revenues related to sale of new Model S, Model X and Model 3 vehicles, including internet connectivity, Supercharger access, and specified software updates for cars equipped with autopilot hardware, as well as sales of regulatory credits to other automotive manufacturers.
Automotive leasing revenue includes the amortization of revenue for Model S and Model X vehicles under direct lease agreements as well as those sold with resale value guarantees accounted for as operating leases under lease accounting. We do not yet offer leasing for Model 3 vehicles.
Services and other revenue consists of maintenance services, sales of used vehicles and sales of electric vehicle components and systems to other manufacturers, as well as sales by our recently acquired subsidiaries to third party customers.
Automotive sales revenue increased $526.8 million, or 26%, in the three months ended March 31, 2018 as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2017, primarily related to 8,182 deliveries of Model 3 vehicles, and the recognition of $299.0 million of additional sales due to the adoption of ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers , and all the related amendments (“new revenue standard”). Additionally, there was an increase of $62.9 million in sales of regulatory credits to $80.3 million. The increase in revenue is offset by a decrease in cash deliveries for Model S and Model X of 2,134 excluding the impact of adoption of the new revenue standard, at average selling prices that remained relatively consistent as compared to the prior period. Short-term operational and logistical issues led to an increase in the number of Model S and Model X vehicles in transit to customers at the end of the quarter, contributing to the decrease in cash deliveries as compared to prior quarter.
Automotive leasing revenue decreased $81.1 million, or 32%, in the three months ended March 31, 2018 as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2017. The decrease was primarily due to a downward adjustment of $165.0 million from the adoption of the new revenue standard offset by additional vehicles under leasing programs.
Service and other revenue increased $70.7 million, or 37%, during the year three months ended March 31, 2018 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2017. This was primarily due to an increase in used vehicle sales during the three months ended March 31, 2018.
Energy Generation and Storage Segment
Energy generation and storage revenue increased by $196.1 million, or 92%, in the three months ended March 31, 2018 as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2017, predominantly due to increase in Powerpack and Powerwall deliveries as well as $72.5 million revenue related to the South Australia battery project. Additionally, revenue increased for energy generation due to additional systems deployed. The increase in energy generation revenue was slightly offset by a decrease of $3.4 million due to the adoption of the new revenue standard.
37
Cost of Revenues and Gross Margin
|
|
Three Months Ended March 31, |
|
|
Change |
|
||||||||||
(Dollars in thousands) |
|
2018 |
|
|
2017 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
% |
|
||||
Cost of revenues |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Automotive sales |
|
$ |
2,091,397 |
|
|
$ |
1,496,649 |
|
|
$ |
594,748 |
|
|
|
40 |
% |
Automotive leasing |
|
|
104,496 |
|
|
|
166,026 |
|
|
|
(61,530 |
) |
|
|
-37 |
% |
Total automotive cost of revenues |
|
|
2,195,893 |
|
|
|
1,662,675 |
|
|
|
533,218 |
|
|
|
32 |
% |
Services and other |
|
|
380,969 |
|
|
|
213,876 |
|
|
|
167,093 |
|
|
|
78 |
% |
Total automotive & services and other segment cost of revenues |
|
|
2,576,862 |
|
|
|
1,876,551 |
|
|
|
700,311 |
|
|
|
37 |
% |
Energy generation and storage segment |
|
|
375,363 |
|
|
|
151,773 |
|
|
|
223,590 |
|
|
|
147 |
% |
Total cost of revenues |
|
$ |
2,952,225 |
|
|
$ |
2,028,324 |
|
|
$ |
923,901 |
|
|
|
46 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross profit total automotive |
|
$ |
539,424 |
|
|
$ |
626,925 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross margin total automotive |
|
|
20 |
% |
|
|
27 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross profit total automotive & services and other segment |
|
$ |
421,867 |
|
|
$ |
605,775 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross margin total automotive & services and other segment |
|
|
14 |
% |
|
|
24 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross profit energy generation and storage segment |
|
$ |
34,659 |
|
|
$ |
62,171 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross margin energy generation and storage segment |
|
|
8 |
% |
|
|
29 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total gross profit |
|
$ |
456,526 |
|
|
$ |
667,946 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total gross margin |
|
|
13 |
% |
|
|
25 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Automotive & Services and Other Segment
Cost of automotive sales revenue includes direct parts, material and labor costs, manufacturing overhead, including depreciation costs of tooling and machinery, shipping and logistic costs, vehicle connectivity costs, allocations of electricity and infrastructure costs related to our Supercharger network, and reserves for estimated warranty expenses. Cost of automotive sales revenues also includes adjustments to warranty expense and charges to write down the carrying value of our inventory when it exceeds its estimated net realizable value and to provide for obsolete and on-hand inventory in excess of forecasted demand.
Cost of automotive leasing revenue includes primarily the amortization of operating lease vehicles over the lease term, as well as warranty expenses recognized as incurred.
Cost of services and other revenue includes direct parts, material and labor costs, manufacturing overhead associated with the sales of electric vehicle powertrain components and systems to other manufacturers, costs associated with providing maintenance services and costs to acquire and certify used vehicles.
Cost of automotive sales revenues increased $594.7 million, or 40%, in the three months ended March 31, 2018 as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2017. This was primarily due to a 49% increase in vehicle deliveries mainly due to sales from Model 3 offset by a decrease in cost for Model S and Model X due to lower deliveries and lower costs per unit.
Cost of automotive leasing revenue decreased $61.5 million, or 37%, during the three months ended March 31, 2018 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2017. The decrease was primarily due to the adoption of the new revenue standard offset by additional vehicles under leasing programs.
Cost of services and other revenue increased $167.1 million, or 78%, in the three months ended March 31, 2018 as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2017, primarily due to the increase in cost of used vehicle sales due to increased volume and the increase in cost of our service infrastructure to provide maintenance services as our fleet continues to grow.
38
Gross margin for total automotive decreased from 27% to 20% in the three months ended Ma rch 31, 2018 as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2017. The decrease is mainly due to higher cost for Model 3 as a result of temporary under-utilization of manufacturing capacity at lower production volumes as production ramps. The decrease in g ross margin is partially offset due to lower costs for Model S and Model X.
Gross margin for total automotive & services and other segment decreased from 24% to 14% in the three months ended March 31, 2018 as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2017. These decreases are driven by the factors impacting gross margin for total automotive, as explained above, as well as higher costs of maintenance service.
Energy Generation and Storage Segment
Cost of energy generation and storage revenue increased by $223.6 million, or 147%, in the three months ended March 31, 2018 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2017. This is primarily due to higher MWh deployed in the three months ended March 31, 2018 including the cost related to the South Australia battery project. Additionally, cost increased for energy generation due to additional systems deployed.
Gross margin for energy generation and storage decreased from 29% to 8% in the three months ended March 31, 2018 as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2017 . Energy storage revenue as a percentage of energy generation and storage revenue was higher for the three months ended March 31, 2018 as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2017, resulting in lower gross margin as we had negative margins for energy storage due to manufacturing under-utilization and one-time costs.
Research and Development Expense
|
|
Three Months Ended March 31, |
|
|
Change |
|
||||||||||
(Dollars in thousands) |
|
2018 |
|
|
2017 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
% |
|
||||
Research and development |
|
$ |
367,096 |
|
|
$ |
322,040 |
|
|
$ |
45,056 |
|
|
|
14 |
% |
As a percentage of revenues |
|
|
11 |
% |
|
|
12 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Research and development (“R&D”) expenses consist primarily of personnel costs for our teams in engineering and research, manufacturing engineering and manufacturing test organizations, prototyping expense, contract and professional services and amortized equipment expense.
R&D expenses increased $45.1 million, or 14%, in the three months ended March 31, 2018 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2017. This increase was primarily due to a $47.6 million increase in employee and labor related expenses from increased headcount as a result of headcount growth from the expansion of our business, a $13.6 million increase in stock-based compensation expense related to an increase in headcount and number of employee stock awards granted for new hire and refresher employee stock grants. Additionally, there were increases in facilities expenses and depreciation expenses offset by a decrease in expensed materials to support the development of future products.
Selling, General and Administrative Expense
|
|
Three Months Ended March 31, |
|
|
Change |
|
||||||||||
(Dollars in thousands) |
|
2018 |
|
|
2017 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
% |
|
||||
Selling, general and administrative |
|
$ |
686,404 |
|
|
$ |
603,455 |
|
|
$ |
82,949 |
|
|
|
14 |
% |
As a percentage of revenues |
|
|
20 |
% |
|
|
22 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Selling, general and administrative (“SG&A”) expenses consist primarily of personnel and facilities costs related to our stores, marketing, sales, executive, finance, human resources, information technology and legal organizations, as well as fees for professional and contract services and litigation settlements.
SG&A expenses increased $83.0 million, or 14%, in the three months ended March 31, 2018 as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2017. This increase was primarily due to a $63.6 million increase in office, information technology and facilities-related expenses to support the growth of our business as well as sales and marketing activities to handle our expanding market presence. Additionally, the increase was due to a $18.1 million increase in stock-based compensation expense related to the number of employee stock awards granted for new hires, refresher employee stock grants and the 2018 CEO Performance Award.
39
Interest Expense
|
|
Three Months Ended March 31, |
|
|
Change |
|
||||||||||
(Dollars in thousands) |
|
2018 |
|
|
2017 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
% |
|
||||
Interest expense |
|
$ |
(149,546 |
) |
|
$ |
(99,346 |
) |
|
$ |
(50,200 |
) |
|
|
51 |
% |
As a percentage of revenues |
|
|
4 |
% |
|
|
4 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest expense increased by $50.2 million, or 51%, in the three months ended March 31, 2018 as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2017. The increase was primarily due to an increase in our average outstanding indebtedness and the weighted average interest rates for the three months ended March 31, 2018.
Other Income (Expense), Net
|
|
Three Months Ended March 31, |
|
|
Change |
|
||||||||||
(Dollars in thousands) |
|
2018 |
|
|
2017 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
% |
|
||||
Other expense, net |
|
$ |
(37,716 |
) |
|
$ |
(18,098 |
) |
|
$ |
(19,618 |
) |
|
|
108 |
% |
As a percentage of revenues |
|
|
-1 |
% |
|
|
-1 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other income (expense), net, consists primarily of foreign exchange gains and losses related to our foreign currency-denominated assets and liabilities. We expect our foreign exchange gains and losses will vary depending upon movements in the underlying exchange rates.
Other income (expense), net, decreased by $19.6 million, or 108%, in the three months ended March 31, 2018 as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2017. The decrease was primarily due to fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates offset by a gain from interest rate swaps related to our debt facilities.
Provision for Income Taxes
|
|
Three Months Ended March 31, |
|
|
Change |
|
||||||||||
(Dollars in thousands) |
|
2018 |
|
|
2017 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
% |
|
||||
Provision for income taxes |
|
$ |
5,605 |
|
|
$ |
25,278 |
|
|
$ |
(19,673 |
) |
|
|
-78 |
% |
Effective tax rate |
|
|
-1 |
% |
|
|
-7 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Our provision for income taxes decreased by $19.7 million, or 78%, in the three months ended March 31, 2018 as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2017. This decrease was primarily due to the reduction in taxable profits in certain foreign jurisdictions.
Net Income (Loss) Attributable to Noncontrolling Interests and Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests
Our net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests and redeemable noncontrolling interests was related to financing fund arrangements.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
As of March 31, 2018, we had $2.67 billion of cash and cash equivalents. Balances held in foreign currencies had a U.S. dollar equivalent of $882.5 million and consisted primarily of Chinese yuan, euros and Norwegian kroner. Our sources of cash are predominately from our deliveries of vehicles, sales and installations of our energy storage products and solar energy systems, proceeds from debt facilities, proceeds from financing funds and proceeds from equity offerings.
Our sources of liquidity and cash flows enable us to fund ongoing operations, research and development projects, investments in tooling and manufacturing equipment for the production ramp of Model 3, the continued construction of Gigafactory 1 and the continued expansion of our retail stores, service centers, mobile repair services and Supercharger network. Once we have achieved a 5,000 weekly production rate for Model 3, we intend to incorporate our cumulative experience to continue to increase output on our existing manufacturing lines beyond 5,000 vehicles per week, and then add incremental capacity in a capital-efficient manner to ultimately achieve a weekly production rate of 10,000 vehicles . At this stage, we are expecting total 2018 capital expenditures to be slightly below $3 billion. Ultimately, our capital expenditures will develop in line with Model 3 production, our profitability and our operating cash generation. We continually evaluate our capital expenditure needs and may raise additional capital to fund the rapid growth of our business.
40
We have an agreement to spend or incur $5.00 billion in combined capital, operational expenses, costs of goods sold and other costs in the State of New York during the 10-year period following full production at Gigafactory 2. We anticipate meeting these obligations through our operations at Gigafactory 2 and other operations within the State of New York, and we do not believe that we face a significant risk of defau lt.
We expect that our current sources of liquidity together with our projection of cash flows from operating activities will provide us with adequate liquidity over at least the next 12 months. A large portion of our future expenditures is to fund our growth, and we can adjust our capital and operating expenditures by operating segment, including future expansion of our product offerings, stores, service centers, delivery centers and Supercharger network. We may need or want to raise additional funds in the future, and these funds may not be available to us when we need or want them, or at all. If we cannot raise additional funds when we need or want them, our operations and prospects could be negatively affected.
In addition, we had $1.96 billion of unused committed amounts under our credit facilities and financing funds, some of which are subject to satisfying specified conditions prior to draw-down. For details regarding our indebtedness and financing funds, refer to Note 10, Convertible and Long-Term Debt Obligations , and Note 13, VIE Arrangements , to the consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
Summary of Cash Flows
|
|
Three Months Ended March 31, |
|
|||||
(Dollars in thousands) |
|
2018 |
|
|
2017 |
|
||
Net cash used in operating activities |
|
$ |
(398,376 |
) |
|
$ |
(69,811 |
) |
Net cash used in investing activities |
|
$ |
(728,637 |
) |
|
$ |
(881,719 |
) |
Net cash provided by financing activities |
|
$ |
371,660 |
|
|
$ |
1,598,749 |
|
Cash Flows from Operating Activities
Our cash flows from operating activities are significantly affected by our cash investments to support the growth of our business in areas such as research and development and selling, general and administrative. Our operating cash inflows include cash from vehicle sales, lease payments directly from customers, customer deposits, sales of regulatory credits and energy generation and storage products. These cash inflows are offset by our payments to suppliers for production materials and parts used in our manufacturing process, employee compensation, operating lease payments and interest payments on our financings.
Net cash used in operating activities during the three months ended March 31, 2018 increased by $328.6 million as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2017 due to the increase in net loss, excluding non-cash expenses and gains, of $265.9 million and the increase in net operating assets and liabilities of $62.6 million. The increase in net operating assets and liabilities was mainly driven by increases in inventory and accounts receivable, as a result of the timing of deliveries, partially offset by the increase in accounts payable, as a result of increased expenditures to support our ramp of Model 3 deliveries.
Cash Flows from Investing Activities
Net cash used in investing activities during the three months ended March 31, 2018 decreased by $153.1 million as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2017 due to the $147.0 million decrease in purchases of solar energy systems, leased and to be leased, and the $109.1 million that we spent on acquisitions of businesses in 2017, partially offset by the $103.0 million increase in purchases of property and equipment (mainly for Model 3 production).
In 2014, we began construction of Gigafactory 1. We used cash of $173.3 million and $276.6 million towards Gigafactory 1 construction during the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.
Cash Flows from Financing Activities
Cash flows from financing activities during the three months ended March 31, 2018 consisted primarily of $546.1 million from the issuance of automobile lease-backed notes and $177.0 million of net borrowings under the Credit Agreement. Additionally, there were net repayments of $337.6 million under the Warehouse Agreements.
Cash flows from financing activities during the three months ended March 31, 2017 consisted primarily of $966.4 million from issuance of convertible notes, and $400.2 million from public offering of our common stock, net of underwriter fees and issuance costs. Additionally, we paid $151.2 million for bond hedges net of the amount we received from the sale of warrants. Furthermore, we received proceeds from our collateralized borrowing program of $186.4 million and net proceeds from investment by fund investors of $78.3 million.
41
Contractual Obligations
Contractual obligations did not materially change during the three months ended March 31, 2018 except for debt activity, as discussed in more detail in Note 10, Convertible and Long-Term Debt Obligations .
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
During the periods presented, we did not have relationships with unconsolidated entities or financial partnerships, such as entities often referred to as structured finance or special purpose entities, which were established for the purpose of facilitating off-balance sheet arrangements or other contractually narrow or limited purposes.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
See Note 2, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies , to the consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
Foreign Currency Risk
We transact business globally in multiple currencies. Our foreign operations expose us to the risk of fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates against the functional currencies of our foreign subsidiaries and against the U.S. dollar. Upon consolidation, as foreign currency exchange rates vary, revenues and expenses may be significantly impacted, and we may record significant gains or losses on the re-measurement of our monetary assets and liabilities, including intercompany balances. As of March 31, 2018, our largest foreign currency exposures were from the euro, Japanese yen and Canadian dollar. In the three months ended March 31, 2018, we recognized a net foreign currency exchange loss of $47.7 million in other income (expense), net.
We considered the historical trends in foreign currency exchange rates and determined that it is reasonably possible that adverse changes in foreign exchange rates of 10% for all currencies could be experienced in the near-term. These reasonably possible adverse changes were applied to our total monetary assets and liabilities denominated in currencies other than our functional currencies as of March 31, 2018 to compute the adverse impact these changes would have had on our income (loss) before income taxes. These changes would have resulted in an adverse impact of $124.4 million.
Interest Rate Risk
We are exposed to interest rate risk on our borrowings that bear interest at floating rates. Pursuant to our risk management policies, in certain cases, we utilize derivative instruments to manage some of this risk. We do not enter into derivative instruments for trading or speculative purposes. A hypothetical 10% change in our interest rates would have increased our interest expense for the three months ended March 31, 2018 by $1.5 million.
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures pursuant to Rule 13a-15 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). In designing and evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, our management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives. In addition, the design of disclosure controls and procedures must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints and that our management is required to apply its judgment in evaluating the benefits of possible controls and procedures relative to their costs.
Based on this evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer concluded that, as of March 31, 2018, our disclosure controls and procedures were designed at a reasonable assurance level and were effective to provide reasonable assurance that the information we are required to disclose in reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting, as identified in connection with the evaluation required by Rule 13a-15(d) and Rule 15d-15(d) of the Exchange Act, that occurred during the three months ended March 31, 2018 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
42
Securities Litigation Relating to SolarCity’s Financial Statements and Guidance
On March 28, 2014, a purported stockholder class action was filed in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California against SolarCity and two of its officers. The complaint alleges violations of federal securities laws, and seeks unspecified compensatory damages and other relief on behalf of a purported class of purchasers of SolarCity’s securities from March 6, 2013 to March 18, 2014. After a series of amendments to the original complaint, the District Court dismissed the amended complaint and entered a judgment in our favor on August 9, 2016. The plaintiffs have filed a notice of appeal. On December 4, 2017, the Court heard oral argument on plaintiffs’ notice of appeal from the dismissal. On March 8, 2018, the Court upheld the District Court ruling of dismissal and judgment in our favor. The case is concluded.
Securities Litigation Relating to the SolarCity Acquisition
Between September 1, 2016 and October 5, 2016, seven lawsuits were filed in the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware by purported stockholders of Tesla challenging our acquisition of SolarCity. Following consolidation, the lawsuit names as defendants the members of Tesla’s board of directors and alleges, among other things, that board members breached their fiduciary duties in connection with the acquisition. The complaint asserts both derivative claims and direct claims on behalf of a purported class and seeks, among other relief, unspecified monetary damages, attorneys’ fees, and costs. On January 27, 2017, the defendants filed a motion to dismiss the operative complaint. Rather than respond to the defendants’ motion, the plaintiffs filed an amended complaint. On March 17, 2017, the defendants filed a motion to dismiss the amended complaint. On December 13, 2017, the Court heard oral argument on the motion. On March 28, 2018, the Court denied defendants' motion to dismiss. This case will now proceed .
These plaintiffs and others filed parallel actions in the U.S. District Court for the District of Delaware on April 21, 2017. Those actions have been consolidated and are stayed pending the Chancery Court litigation. They include claims for violations of the federal securities laws and breach of fiduciary duties by Tesla's board of directors. That action is stayed pending the Chancery Court litigation.
On February 6, 2017, a purported stockholder made a demand to inspect Tesla’s books and records, purportedly to investigate potential breaches of fiduciary duty in connection with the SolarCity acquisition.
We believe that claims challenging the SolarCity acquisition are without merit. We are unable to estimate the possible loss or range of loss, if any, associated with these claims.
Securities Litigation Relating to Production of Model 3 Vehicles
On October 10, 2017, a purported stockholder class action was filed in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California against Tesla, Inc., two of its current officers, and a former officer. The complaint alleges violations of federal securities laws, and seeks unspecified compensatory damages and other relief on behalf of a purported class of purchasers of Tesla securities from May 4, 2016 to October 6, 2017. The lawsuit claims that Tesla supposedly made materially false and misleading statements regarding the Company’s preparedness to produce Model 3 vehicles. Plaintiffs filed an amended complaint on March 23, 2018, and defendants will file a motion to dismiss on May 25, 2018. We believe that the claims are without merit and intend to defend against this lawsuit vigorously. We are unable to estimate the possible loss or range of loss, if any, associated with this lawsuit.
Other Matters
From time to time, we have received requests for information from regulators and governmental authorities, such as the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, the National Transportation Safety Board and the Securities and Exchange Commission. We are also subject to various other legal proceedings and claims that arise from the normal course of business activities. If an unfavorable ruling were to occur, there exists the possibility of a material adverse impact on our business, results of operations, prospects, cash flows, financial position and brand.
43
You should carefully consider the risks described below together with the other information set forth in this report, which could materially affect our business, financial condition and future results. The risks described below are not the only risks facing our company. Risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently deem to be immaterial also may materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and operating results.
Risks Related to Our Business and Industry
We have experienced in the past, and may experience in the future, delays or other complications in the design, manufacture, launch and production ramp of new vehicles and other products such as Model 3, our energy storage products and the Solar Roof, which could harm our brand, business, prospects, financial condition and operating results.
We have previously experienced launch, manufacturing and production ramp delays or other complications in connection with new vehicle models such as Model S, Model X and Model 3, new vehicle features such as the all-wheel drive dual motor drivetrain on Model S and the second version of Autopilot hardware, and a significant increase in automation introduced in the manufacture of Model 3. For example, we encountered unanticipated challenges, such as certain supply chain constraints, that led to initial delays in producing Model X. Similarly, we have experienced certain challenges in the production of Model 3 that have led to delays in its ramp. Moreover, in the areas of Model 3 production where we have had challenges ramping fully automated processes, such as portions of the battery module assembly line, part of the material flow system and two steps of the general assembly line, we have temporarily reduced the levels of automation and introduced semi-automated or manual processes while we work to eventually transition them to full automation. If issues like these arise or recur, if our temporary remediation measures do not continue to be successful, or if we experience issues with implementing full automation in certain production lines or other planned manufacturing improvements, we could experience further delays in the Model 3 production ramp. In addition, because our vehicle models share certain production facilities with other models, the volume or efficiency of production with respect to one model may impact the production of other models.
We may also experience similar future delays or other complications in bringing to market and ramping production of new vehicles, such as our Tesla Semi truck, our planned Model Y and new Tesla Roadster, our energy storage products and the Solar Roof. Any significant additional delay or other complication in the production of our current products or the development, manufacture, launch and production ramp of our future products, including complications associated with expanding our production capacity and supply chain or obtaining or maintaining regulatory approvals, could materially damage our brand, business, prospects, financial condition and operating results.
We have experienced and may continue to experience delays in realizing our projected timelines and cost and volume targets for the production and ramp of our Model 3 vehicle, which could harm our business , prospects , financial condition and operating results.
Our future business depends in large part on our ability to execute on our plans to manufacture, market and sell the Model 3 vehicle, which we are offering at a lower price point and which we intend to produce at significantly higher volumes than our present production capabilities for the Model S or Model X vehicles. We commenced production and initial customer deliveries of Model 3 in July 2017 and are targeting a forecasted production rate of approximately 5,000 Model 3 vehicles per week around the beginning of July 2018.
We have no experience to date in manufacturing vehicles at the high volumes that we anticipate for Model 3, and to be successful, we will need to complete the implementation and ramp of efficient and cost-effective manufacturing capabilities, processes and supply chains necessary to support such volumes. We are employing a higher degree of automation in the manufacturing processes for Model 3 than we have previously employed, and in some cases we have temporarily reduced the levels of automation and introduced semi-automated or manual processes , for which we are likely to incur additional labor costs until we bring online our fully automated processes. Moreover, our Model 3 production plan has generally required and will require significant investments of cash and management resources.
Our production plan for Model 3 is based on many key assumptions, including:
|
• |
that we will be able to complete ramping high volume production of Model 3 at the Tesla Factory without exceeding our projected costs and on our projected timeline; |
|
• |
that we will be able to continue to expand Gigafactory 1 in a timely manner to produce high volumes of quality lithium-ion cells to be integrated into battery modules and finished battery packs and drive unit components for Model 3, all at costs that allow us to sell Model 3 at our target gross margins; |
|
• |
that the equipment and processes which we have selected for Model 3 production will be able to accurately manufacture high volumes of Model 3 vehicles within specified design tolerances and with high quality; |
44
|
• |
that we will be able to maintain suppliers for the necessary components on terms and conditions that are acceptable to us and th at we will be able to obtain high-quality components on a timely basis and in the necessary quantities to support high-volume production; and |
|
• |
that we will be able to attract, recruit, hire, train and retain skilled employees to operate our planned high volume production facilities to support Model 3, including at the Tesla Factory and Gigafactory 1. |
If one or more of the foregoing assumptions turns out to be incorrect, our ability to meet our Model 3 projections on time and at volumes and prices that are profitable, demand for and deliveries of Model 3, as well as our business, prospects, operating results and financial condition, may be materially and adversely impacted.
We may be unable to meet our growing vehicle production and delivery plans, both of which could harm our business and prospects.
Our plans call for significant increases in vehicle production and deliveries to high volumes in a short amount of time. Our ability to achieve these plans will depend upon a number of factors, including our ability to utilize installed manufacturing capacity, achieve the planned production yield and further increase capacity as planned while maintaining our desired quality levels and optimize design and production changes, and our suppliers’ ability to support our needs. In addition, we have used and may use in the future a number of new manufacturing technologies, techniques and processes for our vehicles, which we must successfully introduce and scale for high volume production. For example, we have introduced highly automated production lines, aluminum spot welding systems and high-speed blow forming of certain difficult to stamp vehicle parts. We have also introduced unique design features in our vehicles with different manufacturing challenges, such as large display screens, dual motor drivetrain, Autopilot hardware and falcon-wing doors. We have limited experience developing, manufacturing, selling and servicing, and allocating our available resources among, multiple products simultaneously. If we are unable to realize our plans, our brand, business, prospects, financial condition and operating results could be materially damaged.
Concurrent with the significant planned increase in our vehicle production levels, we will also need to continue to significantly increase deliveries of, and servicing capacity for, our vehicles. Although we have a plan for delivering and servicing significantly increased volumes of vehicles, we have limited experience in delivering a high volume of vehicles, and no experience in delivering and servicing vehicles at the significantly higher volumes we anticipate for Model 3, and we may face difficulties meeting our delivery and growth plans into both existing markets as well as new markets into which we expand. If we are unable to ramp up to meet our delivery and servicing needs globally, this could have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, financial condition and operating results.
We are dependent on our suppliers, the majority of which are single source suppliers, and the inability of these suppliers to deliver necessary components of our products according to our schedule and at prices, quality levels, and volumes acceptable to us, or our inability to efficiently manage these components, could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and operating results.
Our products contain numerous purchased parts which we source globally from hundreds of direct suppliers, the majority of whom are currently single-source suppliers, although we attempt to qualify and obtain components from multiple sources whenever feasible. Any significant unanticipated demand would require us to procure additional components in a short amount of time, and in the past we have also replaced certain suppliers because of their failure to provide components that met our quality control standards. While we believe that we will be able to secure additional or alternate sources of supply for most of our components in a relatively short time frame, there is no assurance that we will be able to do so or develop our own replacements for certain highly customized components of our products. Moreover, we have signed long-term agreements with Panasonic to be our manufacturing partner and supplier for lithium-ion cells at Gigafactory 1 in Nevada and PV cells and panels at Gigafactory 2 in Buffalo, New York. If we encounter unexpected difficulties with key suppliers such as Panasonic, and if we are unable to fill these needs from other suppliers, we could experience production delays and potential loss of access to important technology and parts for producing, servicing and supporting our products.
This limited, and in many cases single source, supply chain exposes us to multiple potential sources of delivery failure or component shortages for the production of our products, such as those which we experienced in 2012 and 2016 in connection with our slower-than-planned Model S and Model X ramps. Furthermore, unexpected changes in business conditions, materials pricing, labor issues, wars, governmental changes, natural disasters such as the March 2011 earthquakes in Japan and other factors beyond our and our suppliers’ control, could also affect our suppliers’ ability to deliver components to us on a timely basis. The loss of any single or limited source supplier or the disruption in the supply of components from these suppliers could lead to product design changes and delays in product deliveries to our customers, which could hurt our relationships with our customers and result in negative publicity, damage to our brand and a material and adverse effect on our business, prospects, financial condition and operating results.
45
Changes in our supply chain have also resulted in the past, and may result in the future, in increased cost. We have also experienced co st increases from certain of our suppliers in order to meet our quality targets and development timelines as well as due to design changes that we made, and we may experience similar cost increases in the future. Certain suppliers have sought to renegotiat e the terms of supply arrangements. Additionally, we are negotiating with existing suppliers for cost reductions, seeking new and less expensive suppliers for certain parts, and attempting to redesign certain parts to make them less expensive to produce. I f we are unsuccessful in our efforts to control and reduce supplier costs, our operating results will suffer.
In particular, because we plan to produce Model 3 at significantly higher volumes than any of our other products to date, the negative impact of any delays or other constraints with respect to our suppliers for Model 3 could be substantially greater than any supply chain-related issues experienced with respect to our other products. As some of our suppliers for Model S and Model X do not have the resources, equipment or capability to provide components for the Model 3 in line with our requirements, we have engaged a significant number of new suppliers, and we need such suppliers to ramp and deliver according to our schedule. There is no assurance that these suppliers will ultimately be able to meet our cost, quality and volume needs, or do so at the times needed. Furthermore, as the scale of our vehicle production increases, we will need to accurately forecast, purchase, warehouse and transport to our manufacturing facilities components at much higher volumes than we have experience with. If we are unable to accurately match the timing and quantities of component purchases to our actual needs, or successfully implement automation, inventory management and other systems to accommodate the increased complexity in our supply chain, we may incur unexpected production disruption, storage, transportation and write-off costs, which could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and operating results.
Our future growth and success is dependent upon consumers’ willingness to adopt electric vehicles and specifically our vehicles, especially in the mass market demographic which we are targeting with Model 3.
Our growth is highly dependent upon the adoption by consumers of alternative fuel vehicles in general and electric vehicles in particular. Although we have successfully grown demand for Model S and Model X, have seen very strong initial demand for Model 3, and believe that we will be able to continue to grow demand separately for each of these and future vehicles, there is no guarantee of such future demand or that our vehicles will not compete with one another in the market. Moreover, the mass market demographic which we are targeting with Model 3 is larger, but more competitive, than the demographic for Model S and Model X, and additional electric vehicles are entering the market.
If the market for electric vehicles in general and Tesla vehicles in particular does not develop as we expect, or develops more slowly than we expect, or if demand for our vehicles decreases in key and other markets, our business, prospects, financial condition and operating results could be harmed. The market for alternative fuel vehicles is relatively new, rapidly evolving, and could be affected by numerous external factors, such as:
|
• |
p erceptions about electric vehicle features, quality, safety, performance and cost; |
|
• |
perceptions about the limited range over which electric vehicles may be driven on a single battery charge; |
|
• |
competition, including from other types of alternative fuel vehicles, plug-in hybrid electric vehicles, and high fuel-economy internal combustion engine vehicles; |
|
• |
volatility in the cost of oil and gasoline; |
|
• |
government regulations and economic incentives; and |
|
• |
access to charging facilities. |
Future problems or delays in expanding Gigafactory 1 or ramping operations there could negatively affect the production and profitability of our products, such as Model 3.
To lower the cost of cell production and produce cells in high volume, we have vertically integrated the production of lithium-ion cells and finished battery packs for Model 3 and energy storage products at Gigafactory 1. While Gigafactory 1 began producing lithium-ion cells for energy storage products in January 2017 and has since begun producing lithium-ion cells for Model 3, we have no other direct experience in the production of lithium-ion cells. Given the size and complexity of this undertaking, it is possible that future events could result in the cost of expanding and operating Gigafactory 1 exceeding our current expectations and Gigafactory 1 taking longer to ramp production and expand than we currently anticipate. In order to reach our planned volume and gross margin for Model 3, we must have significant cell production from Gigafactory 1, which, among other things, requires Panasonic to successfully ramp its all-new cell production lines to significant volumes over a short period of time. Although Panasonic has a long track record of producing high-quality cells at significant volume at its factories in Japan, it has never before started and ramped cell production at a factory in the U.S. like at Gigafactory 1. In addition, we have started producing several components for Model 3, such as battery modules incorporating the lithium-ion cells produced by Panasonic, at Gigafactory 1. Some of the manufacturing lines for such components have taken longer than anticipated to ramp to their full capacity. While we have largely overcome this bottleneck after deploying multiple semi-automated lines and improving our original lines, we continue to identify and address smaller bottlenecks in
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order to cont inue to increase the production rate. While we currently believe that we will reach our production targets, if we are unable to resolve ramping challenges and expand Gigafactory 1 production in a timely manner and at reasonable prices, and if we or Panason ic are unable to attract, hire and retain a substantial number of highly skilled personnel, our ability to supply battery packs or other components for Model 3 and our other products could be negatively impacted. Any such problems or delays with Gigafactor y 1 could negatively affect our brand and harm our business, prospects, financial condition and operating results.
If our vehicles or other products that we sell or install fail to perform as expected, our ability to develop, market and sell our products and services could be harmed.
If our vehicles or our energy products were to contain defects in design and manufacture that cause them not to perform as expected or that require repair, or certain features of our vehicles, such as full self-driving, take longer than expected to become enabled or are legally restricted, our ability to develop, market and sell our products and services could be harmed. For example, the operation of our vehicles is highly dependent on software, which is inherently complex and could conceivably contain latent defects and errors or be subject to external attacks. Issues experienced by customers have included those related to the software for the 17 inch display screen, the panoramic roof and the 12 volt battery in the Model S and the seats and doors in the Model X. Although we attempt to remedy any issues we observe in our products as effectively and rapidly as possible, such efforts may not be timely, may hamper production or may not be to the satisfaction of our customers. While we have performed extensive internal testing on the products we manufacture, we currently have a limited frame of reference by which to evaluate detailed long-term quality, reliability, durability and performance characteristics of our battery packs, powertrains, vehicles and energy storage products. There can be no assurance that we will be able to detect and fix any defects in our products prior to their sale to or installation for consumers.
Any product defects, delays or legal restrictions on product features, or other failure of our products to perform as expected could harm our reputation and result in delivery delays, product recalls, product liability claims, significant warranty and other expenses, and could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition, operating results and prospects. Model 3 has not yet been evaluated by NHTSA for a star rating under the New Car Assessment Program, and while based on our internal evaluation we expect to obtain comparable ratings to those achieved by Model S and Model X, there is no assurance this will occur.
If we fail to scale our business operations and otherwise manage future growth and adapt to new conditions effectively as we rapidly grow our company, including internationally, we may not be able to produce, market, sell and service our products successfully.
Any failure to manage our growth effectively could materially and adversely affect our business, prospects, operating results and financial condition. We continue to expand our operations significantly, including internationally, including by a transition to high-volume vehicle production with the ramp of Model 3 and the worldwide sales, delivery and servicing of a significantly higher number of vehicles than our current vehicle fleet in the coming years. Furthermore, we are developing and growing our energy storage product and solar business worldwide, including in countries where we have limited or no previous operating experience in connection with our vehicle business. Our future operating results depend to a large extent on our ability to manage our expansion and growth successfully. We may not be successful in undertaking this global expansion if we are unable to control expenses and avoid cost overruns and other unexpected operating costs; establish sufficient worldwide automobile sales, delivery, service and Supercharger facilities in a timely manner; adapt our products and conduct our operations to meet local requirements; implement the required infrastructure, systems and processes; and find and hire a significant number of additional manufacturing, engineering, service, electrical installation, construction and administrative personnel.
If we are unable to achieve our targeted manufacturing costs for our vehicles, including Model 3, our financial condition and operating results will suffer.
While we have experienced and expect in the future to realize cost reductions by both us and our suppliers, there is no guarantee we will be able to achieve sufficient cost savings to reach our gross margin and profitability goals. We incur significant costs related to procuring the materials required to manufacture our vehicles, assembling vehicles and compensating our personnel. We may also incur substantial costs or cost overruns in utilizing and increasing the production capability of our vehicle manufacturing facilities, such as for Model 3. Furthermore, if we are unable to achieve production cost targets on our vehicles pursuant to our plans, we may not be able to meet our gross margin and other financial targets. Many of the factors that impact our manufacturing costs are beyond our control, such as potential increases in the costs of our materials and components, such as lithium, nickel, and other components of our battery cells or aluminum used to produce body panels. If we are unable to continue to control and reduce our manufacturing costs, our operating results, business and prospects will be harmed.
We are significantly dependent upon revenue generated from the sale of a limited fleet of electric vehicles, which currently includes Model S, Model X and Model 3.
We currently generate a significant percentage of our revenues from the sale of three products: Model S, Model X and Model 3 vehicles. Model 3, for which we are planning significantly higher volumes than Model S or Model X, has required and will continue
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to require significant investment in connection with its ongoing ramp, and there is no guarantee that it will be commercially successful. Historically, automobile custom ers have come to expect a variety of vehicles offered in a manufacturer’s fleet and new and improved vehicle models to be introduced frequently. In order to meet these expectations, we may in the future be required to introduce on a regular basis new vehic le models as well as enhanced versions of existing vehicle models. To the extent our product variety and cycles do not meet consumer expectations, or cannot be produced on our projected timelines and cost and volume targets, our future sales may be adverse ly affected. This could have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, financial condition and operating results .
Our vehicles and energy storage products make use of lithium-ion battery cells, which have been observed to catch fire or vent smoke and flame, and such events have raised concerns, and future events may lead to additional concerns, about the batteries used in automotive applications.
The battery packs that we produce make use of lithium-ion cells. On rare occasions, lithium-ion cells can rapidly release the energy they contain by venting smoke and flames in a manner that can ignite nearby materials as well as other lithium-ion cells. While we have designed the battery pack to passively contain any single cell’s release of energy without spreading to neighboring cells, there can be no assurance that a field or testing failure of our vehicles or other battery packs that we produce will not occur, which could subject us to lawsuits, product recalls or redesign efforts, all of which would be time consuming and expensive. Also, negative public perceptions regarding the suitability of lithium-ion cells for automotive applications or any future incident involving lithium-ion cells such as a vehicle or other fire, even if such incident does not involve our vehicles or energy storage products, could seriously harm our business.
In addition, we store a significant number of lithium-ion cells at our facilities and plan to produce high volumes of cells and battery modules and packs at Gigafactory 1. Any mishandling of battery cells may cause disruption to the operation of our facilities. While we have implemented safety procedures related to the handling of the cells, there can be no assurance that a safety issue or fire related to the cells would not disrupt our operations. Such damage or injury could lead to adverse publicity and potentially a safety recall. Moreover, any failure of a competitor’s electric vehicle or energy storage product may cause indirect adverse publicity for us and our products. Such adverse publicity could negatively affect our brand and harm our business, prospects, financial condition and operating results.
Increases in costs, disruption of supply or shortage of materials, in particular for lithium-ion cells, could harm our business.
We may experience increases in the cost or a sustained interruption in the supply or shortage of materials. Any such increase, supply interruption or shortage could materially and negatively impact our business, prospects, financial condition and operating results. We use various materials in our business including aluminum, steel, lithium, nickel, copper and cobalt, as well as lithium-ion cells from suppliers. The prices for these materials fluctuate, and their available supply may be unstable, depending on market conditions and global demand for these materials, including as a result of increased production of electric vehicles and energy storage products by our competitors, and could adversely affect our business and operating results. For instance, we are exposed to multiple risks relating to lithium-ion cells. These risks include:
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an increase in the cost, or decrease in the available supply, of materials used in the cells; |
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disruption in the supply of cells due to quality issues or recalls by battery cell manufacturers or any issues that may arise with respect to cells manufactured at our own facilities; and |
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fluctuations in the value of the Japanese yen against the U.S. dollar as our battery cell purchases for Model S and Model X and some raw materials for cells used in Model 3 and energy storage products are currently denominated in Japanese yen. |
Our business is dependent on the continued supply of battery cells for the battery packs used in our vehicles and energy storage products. While we believe several sources of the battery cells are available for such battery packs, and expect to eventually rely substantially on battery cells manufactured at our own facilities, we have to date fully qualified only a very limited number of suppliers for the cells used in such battery packs and have very limited flexibility in changing cell suppliers. In particular, we have fully qualified only one supplier for the cells used in battery packs for our current production vehicles. Any disruption in the supply of battery cells from such suppliers could disrupt production of our vehicles and of the battery packs we produce for energy products until such time as a different supplier is fully qualified. Furthermore, fluctuations or shortages in petroleum and other economic conditions may cause us to experience significant increases in freight charges and material costs. Substantial increases in the prices for our materials or prices charged to us, such as those charged by battery cell suppliers, would increase our operating costs, and could reduce our margins if we cannot recoup the increased costs through increased vehicle prices. Any attempts to increase vehicle prices in response to increased material costs could result in cancellations of vehicle orders and reservations and therefore materially and adversely affect our brand, image, business, prospects and operating results.
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We may become subject to product liability claims, which could harm our financial condition and liquidity if we are not able to successfully defend or insure against such claims.
Although we design our vehicles to be the safest vehicles on the road, product liability claims could harm our business, prospects, operating results and financial condition. The automobile industry in particular experiences significant product liability claims and we face inherent risk of exposure to claims in the event our vehicles do not perform as expected. As is true for other automakers, our cars have been involved and we expect in the future will be involved in crashes resulting in death or personal injury, and such crashes where Autopilot is engaged are the subject of significant public attention. We have experienced and we expect to continue to face claims related to misuse or failures of new technologies that we are pioneering, including Autopilot in our vehicles. Moreover, as our solar energy systems and energy storage products generate and store electricity, they have the potential to cause injury to people or property. A successful product liability claim against us could require us to pay a substantial monetary award. Our risks in this area are particularly pronounced given the relatively limited number of vehicles and energy storage products delivered to date and limited field experience of our products. Moreover, a product liability claim could generate substantial negative publicity about our products and business and could have material adverse effect on our brand, business, prospects and operating results. In most jurisdictions, we generally self-insure against the risk of product liability claims for vehicle exposure, meaning that any product liability claims will likely have to be paid from company funds, not by insurance.
The markets in which we operate are highly competitive, and we may not be successful in competing in these industries. We currently face competition from new and established domestic and international competitors and expect to face competition from others in the future, including competition from companies with new technology.
The worldwide automotive market, particularly for alternative fuel vehicles, is highly competitive today and we expect it will become even more so in the future. There is no assurance that our vehicles will be successful in the respective markets in which they compete. A significant and growing number of established and new automobile manufacturers, as well as other companies, have entered or are reported to have plans to enter the alternative fuel vehicle market, including hybrid, plug-in hybrid and fully electric vehicles, as well as the market for self-driving technology and applications. In some cases, such competitors have announced an intention to produce electric vehicles exclusively at some point in the future. Most of our current and potential competitors have significantly greater financial, technical, manufacturing, marketing, vehicle sales networks and other resources than we do and may be able to devote greater resources to the design, development, manufacturing, distribution, promotion, sale and support of their products. Increased competition could result in lower vehicle unit sales, price reductions, revenue shortfalls, loss of customers and loss of market share, which could harm our business, prospects, financial condition and operating results. In addition, our Model 3 vehicle faces competition from existing and future automobile manufacturers in the extremely competitive entry-level premium sedan market, including Audi, BMW, Lexus and Mercedes.
The solar and energy storage industries are highly competitive. We face competition from other manufacturers, developers and installers of solar and energy storage systems, as well as from large utilities. Decreases in the retail prices of electricity from utilities or other renewable energy sources could make our products less attractive to customers and lead to an increased rate of customer defaults under our existing long-term leases and power purchase agreements. Moreover, solar panel and lithium-ion battery prices have declined and are continuing to decline. As we increase our battery and solar manufacturing capabilities, including at Gigafactory 1 and Gigafactory 2, future price declines may harm our ability to produce energy storage systems and solar systems at competitive prices.
If we are unable to establish and maintain confidence in our long-term business prospects among consumers, analysts and within our industries, then our financial condition, operating results, business prospects and stock price may suffer materially.
Consumers may be less likely to purchase our products now if they are not convinced that our business will succeed or that our service and support and other operations will continue in the long term. Similarly, suppliers and other third parties will be less likely to invest time and resources in developing business relationships with us if they are not convinced that our business will succeed. Accordingly, in order to build and maintain our business, we must maintain confidence among customers, suppliers, analysts, ratings agencies and other parties in our long-term financial viability and business prospects. Maintaining such confidence may be particularly complicated by certain factors, such as our limited operating history, unfamiliarity with our products, competition and uncertainty regarding the future of electric vehicles or our other products and services and our quarterly production and sales performance compared with market expectations. Many of these factors are largely outside our control, and any negative perceptions about our long-term business prospects, even if exaggerated or unfounded, would likely harm our business and make it more difficult to raise additional funds if needed.
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Our plan to generate ongoing growth and demand, including by expanding our network of Tesla st ores, galleries, delivery centers, service centers and Superchargers, will require significant cash investments and management resources and may not meet expectations with respect to additional sales or installations of our products or availability of Supe rchargers.
We plan to generate ongoing growth and demand, including by globally expanding our network of Tesla stores, galleries, delivery centers, service centers, mobile service offerings and Superchargers. These plans will require significant cash investments and management resources and may not meet our expectations with respect to additional sales or installations of our products. This ongoing global expansion, which includes planned entry into markets in which we have limited or no experience selling, delivering, installing and/or servicing our products, and which may pose legal, regulatory, labor, cultural and political challenges that we have not previously encountered, may not have the desired effect of increasing sales and installations and expanding our brand presence to the degree we are anticipating. Furthermore, the increasing number of Model S, Model X and Model 3 vehicles will require us to continue to increase the number of our Supercharger stations and connectors significantly. If we fail to do so, our customers could become dissatisfied, which could adversely affect sales of our vehicles. We will also need to ensure we are in compliance with any regulatory requirements applicable to the sale, installation and service of our products, the sale of electricity generated through our solar energy systems and operation of Superchargers in those jurisdictions, which could take considerable time and expense. If we experience any delays or cannot meet customer expectations in expanding our customer infrastructure network, or our expansion plans are not successful in continuing to grow demand, this could lead to a decrease or stagnation in sales or installations of our products and could negatively impact our business, prospects, financial condition and operating results.
We face risks associated with our international operations and expansion, including unfavorable regulatory, political, tax and labor conditions, and with establishing ourselves in new markets, all of which could harm our business.
We currently have international operations and subsidiaries in various countries and jurisdictions that are subject to legal, political, and regulatory requirements and social and economic conditions that may be very different from those affecting us domestically. Additionally, as part of our growth strategy, we will continue to expand our sales, delivery, service and Supercharger locations internationally. International expansion requires us to make significant expenditures, including the establishment of local operating entities, hiring of local employees and establishing facilities in advance of generating any revenue.
We are subject to a number of risks associated with international business activities that may increase our costs, impact our ability to sell our products and require significant management attention. These risks include conforming our products to various international regulatory and safety requirements as well as charging and other electric infrastructures, difficulty in establishing, staffing and managing foreign operations, challenges in attracting customers, foreign government taxes, regulations and permit requirements, our ability to enforce our contractual rights; trade restrictions, customs regulations, tariffs and price or exchange controls, and preferences of foreign nations for domestically manufactured products. For example, in China, which is a key market for us, certain products such as automobiles manufactured in the U.S. are subject to a significant tariff imposed by the government, which could be increased in the future.
If we fail to effectively grow and manage the residual, financing and credit risks related to our vehicle financing programs, our business may suffer.
We offer vehicle financing arrangements for Model S and Model X through our local subsidiaries in the U.S., Canada, Germany and the UK, including leasing directly through certain of those subsidiaries. Under a lease held directly by us, we typically receive only a very small portion of the total vehicle purchase price at the time of lease, followed by a stream of payments over the term of the lease. The profitability of the leasing program depends on our ability to accurately project residual values, secure adequate financing and/or business partners to fund and grow this program, and screen for and manage customer credit risk. We expect the need for leasing and other financing options will continue to be important to Model S and Model X deliveries and for Model 3 in the long term. If we are unable to adequately fund our leasing program with internal funds, or partners or other external financing sources, and compelling alternative financing programs are not available for our customers, we may be unable to grow our sales. Furthermore, if our leasing business grows substantially, our business may suffer if we cannot effectively manage the greater levels of residual and credit risks resulting from growth. Finally, if we do not successfully monitor and comply with applicable national, state and/or local financial regulations and consumer protection laws governing lease transactions, we may become subject to enforcement actions or penalties, either of which may harm our business.
Moreover, we have provided resale value guarantees to customers with certain financing programs, under which such customers may sell their vehicles back to us at certain points in time at pre-determined resale values. If the resale values of any vehicles resold or returned to us pursuant to these programs are materially lower than our estimates, our profitability and/or liquidity could be negatively impacted.
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The unavailability, reduction or elimination of, or unfavorable determinations with respect to, government and economic incentives in the U.S. and abroad supporting the development and adoption o f electric vehicles or solar energy could have some impact on demand for our products and services.
We currently benefit from certain government and economic incentives supporting the development and adoption of electric vehicles. In the U.S. and abroad, such incentives include, among other things, tax credits or rebates that encourage the purchase of electric vehicles. In Norway, for example, the purchase of electric vehicles is not currently subject to import taxes, taxes on non-recurring vehicle fees, the 25% value added tax or the purchase taxes that apply to the purchase of gas-powered vehicles. Notably, the quantum of incentive programs promoting electric vehicles is a tiny fraction of the amount of subsidies that are provided to gas-powered vehicles through the oil and gas industries. Nevertheless, even the limited benefits from such programs could be reduced, eliminated or exhausted. For example, in April 2017 and January 2016, respectively, previously available incentives in Hong Kong and Denmark that favored the purchase of electric vehicles expired, negatively impacting sales. Moreover, under current regulations, a $7,500 federal tax credit available in the U.S. for the purchase of qualified electric vehicles with at least 17 kWh of battery capacity, such as our vehicles, will begin to phase out over time with respect to any vehicles delivered in the second calendar quarter following the quarter in which we deliver our 200,000 th qualifying vehicle in the U.S. We currently expect such 200,000 th qualifying delivery to occur at some point during 2018. In addition, California implemented regulations phasing out a $2,500 cash rebate on qualified electric vehicles for high-income consumers, which became effective in March 2016. In certain circumstances, there is pressure from the oil and gas lobby or related special interests to bring about such developments, which could have some negative impact on demand for our vehicles.
In addition, certain governmental rebates, tax credits and other financial incentives that are currently available with respect to our solar and energy storage product businesses allow us to lower our installation costs and cost of capital and encourage customers to buy our products and investors to invest in our solar financing funds. However, these incentives may expire on a particular date, end when the allocated funding is exhausted or be reduced or terminated as renewable energy adoption rates increase, often without warning. For example, the federal government currently offers a 30% investment tax credit (“ITC”) for the installation of solar power facilities and energy storage systems that are charged from a co-sited solar power facility. The ITC is currently scheduled to decline to 10%, and expire altogether for residential systems, by January 2022. Likewise, in jurisdictions where net energy metering is currently available, our customers receive bill credits from utilities for energy that their solar energy systems generate and export to the grid in excess of the electric load they use. Several jurisdictions have reduced or eliminated the benefit available under net energy metering, or have proposed to do so. Such reductions in or termination of governmental incentives could adversely impact our results by making our products less competitive for potential customers, increasing our cost of capital and adversely impacting our ability to attract investment partners and to form new financing funds for our solar and energy storage assets. Additionally, the enactment of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act in the U.S. could potentially increase the cost, and decrease the availability, of renewable energy financing, by reducing the value of depreciation benefits associated with, and the overall investor tax capacity needed to monetize, renewable energy projects. Such changes could lower the overall investment willingness and capacity for such projects available in the market.
Moreover, we and our fund investors claim the ITC in amounts based on the fair market value of our solar and energy storage systems. Although we obtain independent appraisals to support the claimed fair market values, the relevant governmental authorities have audited such values and in certain cases have determined that they should be lower, and they may do so in the future. Such determinations may result in adverse tax consequences and/or our obligation to make indemnification or other payments, or contribute additional assets, to our funds or fund investors.
Any failure by us to realize the expected benefits of our substantial investments and commitments with respect to the manufacture of PV cells and modules, including if we are unable to comply with the terms of our agreement with the Research Foundation for the State University of New York relating to our Gigafactory 2, could result in negative consequences for our business.
We own certain PV cell and module manufacturing and technology assets, and a build-to-suit lease arrangement with the Research Foundation for the State University of New York (the “SUNY Foundation”). This agreement with the SUNY Foundation provides for the construction of Gigafactory 2 in Buffalo, New York, which at full capacity we expect will be capable of producing at least 1.0 gigawatt of PV cells and modules annually, including for our Solar Roof. Under this agreement, we are obligated to, among other things, employ specified minimum numbers of personnel in the State of New York and spend or incur $5.0 billion in combined capital, operational expenses, costs of goods sold and other costs in the State of New York during the 10-year period following the completion of all construction and related infrastructure, the arrival of manufacturing equipment, and the receipt of certain permits and other specified items at Gigafactory 2. If we fail in any year over the course of the term of the agreement to meet these obligations, we would be obligated to pay a “program payment” of $41.2 million to the SUNY Foundation in such year. Any inability on our part to comply with the requirements of this agreement may result in the payment of significant amounts to the SUNY Foundation, the termination of our lease at Gigafactory 2, and/or the need to secure an alternative supply of PV cells and modules for products such as our Solar Roof. Moreover, if we are unable to utilize our manufacturing and technology assets in accordance with our expectations,
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we may have to recognize accounting charges pertaining to the write-off of such assets. Any of the foregoing events could have a material adverse effect on our business, pro spects, financial condition and operating results.
If we are unable to attract and/or retain key employees and hire qualified personnel, our ability to compete could be harmed.
The loss of the services of any of our key employees could disrupt our operations, delay the development and introduction of our vehicles and services, and negatively impact our business, prospects and operating results. None of our key employees is bound by an employment agreement for any specific term and we may not be able to successfully attract and retain senior leadership necessary to grow our business. Our future success depends upon our ability to attract and retain executive officers and other key technology, sales, marketing, engineering, manufacturing and support personnel and any failure to do so could adversely impact our business, prospects, financial condition and operating results.
Key talent may leave Tesla due to various factors, such as a very competitive labor market for talented individuals with automotive or technology experience. In California, Nevada and other regions where we have operations, there is increasing competition for individuals with skillsets needed for our business, including specialized knowledge of electric vehicles, software engineering, manufacturing engineering, and other skills such as electrical and building construction expertise. This competition affects both our ability to retain key employees and hire new ones. Our continued success depends upon our continued ability to hire new employees in a timely manner, especially to support our expansion plans and ramp to high-volume manufacture of vehicles, and to retain current employees. Additionally, we compete with both mature and prosperous companies that have far greater financial resources than we do and start-ups and emerging companies that promise short-term growth opportunities. Difficulties in retaining current employees or recruiting new ones could have an adverse effect on our performance.
We are highly dependent on the services of Elon Musk, our Chief Executive Officer.
We are highly dependent on the services of Elon Musk, our Chief Executive Officer, Chairman of our Board of Directors and largest stockholder. Although Mr. Musk spends significant time with Tesla and is highly active in our management, he does not devote his full time and attention to Tesla. Mr. Musk also currently serves as Chief Executive Officer and Chief Technical Officer of Space Exploration Technologies Corp., a developer and manufacturer of space launch vehicles, and is involved in other emerging technology ventures.
We are continuously expanding and improving our information technology systems and use security measures designed to protect our systems against breaches and cyber-attacks. If these efforts are not successful, our business and operations could be disrupted and our operating results and reputation could be harmed.
We are continuously expanding and improving our information technology systems, including implementing new internally developed systems, to assist us in the management of our business. In particular, our volume production of multiple vehicles necessitates continued development, maintenance and improvement of our information technology systems in the U.S. and abroad, which include product data management, procurement, inventory management, production planning and execution, sales, service and logistics, dealer management, financial, tax and regulatory compliance systems. We also maintain information technology measures designed to protect us against intellectual property theft, data breaches and other cyber-attacks. The implementation, maintenance and improvement of these systems require significant management time, support and cost. Moreover, there are inherent risks associated with developing, improving and expanding our core systems as well as implementing new systems, including the disruption of our data management, procurement, manufacturing execution, finance, supply chain and sales and service processes. These risks may affect our ability to manage our data and inventory, procure parts or supplies or manufacture, sell, deliver and service vehicles, or achieve and maintain compliance with, or realize available benefits under, tax laws and other applicable regulations.
We cannot be sure that these systems or their required functionality will be effectively implemented, maintained or expanded as planned. If we do not successfully implement, maintain or expand these systems as planned, our operations may be disrupted, our ability to accurately and/or timely report our financial results could be impaired, and deficiencies may arise in our internal control over financial reporting, which may impact our ability to certify our financial results. Moreover, our proprietary information could be compromised or misappropriated and our reputation may be adversely affected. If these systems or their functionality do not operate as we expect them to, we may be required to expend significant resources to make corrections or find alternative sources for performing these functions.
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Any unauthorized control or manipulation of our products’ systems could result in loss of confidence in us and our products and harm our business.
Our products contain complex information technology systems. For example, our vehicles and energy storage products are designed with built-in data connectivity to accept and install periodic remote updates from us to improve or update their functionality. We have designed, implemented and tested security measures intended to prevent unauthorized access to our information technology networks, our products and their systems. However, hackers have reportedly attempted, and may attempt in the future, to gain unauthorized access to modify, alter and use such networks, products and systems to gain control of, or to change, our products’ functionality, user interface and performance characteristics, or to gain access to data stored in or generated by our products. We encourage reporting of potential vulnerabilities in the security of our products via our security vulnerability reporting policy, and we aim to remedy any reported and verified vulnerability. Accordingly, we have received reports of potential vulnerabilities in the past and have attempted to remedy them. However, there can be no assurance that vulnerabilities will not be exploited in the future before they can be identified, or that our remediation efforts are or will be successful.
Any unauthorized access to or control of our products or their systems or any loss of data could result in legal claims or proceedings. In addition, regardless of their veracity, reports of unauthorized access to our products, their systems or data, as well as other factors that may result in the perception that our products, their systems or data are capable of being “hacked,” could negatively affect our brand and harm our business, prospects, financial condition and operating results. We have been the subject of such reports in the past.
We are subject to various environmental and safety laws and regulations that could impose substantial costs upon us and negatively impact our ability to operate our manufacturing facilities.
As a manufacturing company, including with respect to facilities such as the Tesla Factory, Gigafactory 1 and Gigafactory 2, we are subject to complex environmental, health and safety laws and regulations at numerous jurisdictional levels in the U.S. and abroad, including laws relating to the use, handling, storage, disposal and human exposure to hazardous materials. The costs of compliance, including remediating contamination if any is found on our properties and any changes to our operations mandated by new or amended laws, may be significant. We may also face unexpected delays in obtaining permits and approvals required by such laws in connection with our manufacturing facilities, which would hinder our operation of these facilities. Such costs and delays may adversely impact our business prospects and operating results. Furthermore, any violations of these laws may result in substantial fines and penalties, remediation costs, third party damages, or a suspension or cessation of our operations.
Our business may be adversely affected by any disruptions caused by union activities.
It is common for employees at companies with significant manufacturing operations such as us to belong to a union, which can result in higher employee costs and increased risk of work stoppages. Moreover, regulations in some jurisdictions outside of the U.S. mandate employee participation in industrial collective bargaining agreements and work councils with certain consultation rights with respect to the relevant companies’ operations. Although we work diligently to provide the best possible work environment for our employees, they may still decide to join or seek recognition to form a labor union, or we may be required to become a union signatory. The United Automobile Workers (UAW) has publicly announced a desire to organize the Tesla Factory, and has been engaged in a campaign against the company. As part of that campaign, the UAW has filed with the National Labor Relations Board a series of unfair labor practice charges against Tesla. Furthermore, we are directly or indirectly dependent upon companies with unionized work forces, such as parts suppliers and trucking and freight companies, and work stoppages or strikes organized by such unions could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition or operating results. If a work stoppage occurs, it could delay the manufacture and sale of our products and have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, operating results or financial condition.
Our products and services are subject to substantial regulations, which are evolving, and unfavorable changes or failure by us to comply with these regulations could substantially harm our business and operating results.
Motor vehicles are subject to substantial regulation under international, federal, state, and local laws. We incur significant costs in complying with these regulations and may be required to incur additional costs to comply with any changes to such regulations, and any failures to comply could result in significant expenses, delays or fines. We are subject to laws and regulations applicable to the manufacture, import, sale and service of automobiles internationally. For example, in countries outside of the U.S., we are required to meet standards relating to vehicle safety, fuel economy and emissions, among other things, that are often materially different from requirements in the U.S., thus resulting in additional investment into the vehicles and systems to ensure regulatory compliance in those countries. This process may include official review and certification of our vehicles by foreign regulatory agencies prior to market entry, as well as compliance with foreign reporting and recall management systems requirements.
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Additionally, our vehicles are equipped with a suite of driver-assistance features called Autopilot, which help assist drivers with certain tedious and potentially dangerous as pects of road travel, but require drivers to remain engaged. There is a variety of international, federal, and state regulations that may apply to self-driving vehicles, which include many existing vehicle standards that were not originally intended to app ly to vehicles that may not have a driver. Such regulations continue to rapidly change, which increases the likelihood of a patchwork of complex or conflicting regulations, or may delay products or restrict self-driving features and availability, any of wh ich could adversely affect our business.
Moreover, as a manufacturer and installer of solar generation and energy storage systems and a supplier of electricity generated and stored by the solar energy and energy storage systems we install for customers, we are impacted by federal, state and local regulations and policies concerning electricity pricing, the interconnection of electricity generation and storage equipment with the electric grid, and the sale of electricity generated by third-party owned systems. For example, existing or proposed regulations and policies would permit utilities to limit the amount of electricity generated by our customers with their solar energy systems, charge fees and penalties to our customers relating to the purchase of energy other than from the grid, adjust electricity rate designs such that the price of our solar products may not be competitive with that of electricity from the grid, restrict us and our customers from transacting under our power purchase agreements or qualifying for government incentives and benefits that apply to solar power, and limit or eliminate net energy metering. If such regulations and policies remain in effect or are adopted in other jurisdictions, or if other regulations and policies that adversely impact the interconnection of our solar and energy storage systems to the grid are introduced, modified or eliminated, they could deter potential customers from purchasing our solar and energy storage products, threaten the economics of our existing contracts and cause us to cease solar and energy storage system sales and operations in the relevant jurisdictions, which could harm our business, prospects, financial condition and results of operations.
We are subject to various privacy and consumer protection laws.
Our privacy policy is posted on our website, and any failure by us or our vendor or other business partners to comply with it or with federal, state or international privacy, data protection or security laws or regulations could result in regulatory or litigation-related actions against us, legal liability, fines, damages and other costs. We may also incur substantial expenses and costs in connection with maintaining compliance with such laws. For example, commencing in May 2018, the General Data Protection Regulation (the “GDPR”) will fully apply to the processing of personal information collected from individuals located in the European Union. The GDPR will create new compliance obligations and will significantly increase fines for noncompliance. Although we take steps to protect the security of our customers’ personal information, we may be required to expend significant resources to comply with data breach requirements if third parties improperly obtain and use the personal information of our customers or we otherwise experience a data loss with respect to customers’ personal information. A major breach of our network security and systems could have negative consequences for our business and future prospects, including possible fines, penalties and damages, reduced customer demand for our vehicles, and harm to our reputation and brand.
We may be compelled to undertake product recalls or take other actions, which could adversely affect our brand image and financial performance.
Any product recall, including for solar or charging equipment, in the future may result in adverse publicity, damage our brand and adversely affect our business, prospects, operating results and financial condition. For example, certain vehicle recalls that we initiated have resulted from various causes, including a component that could prevent the parking brake from releasing once engaged, a concern with the firmware in the restraints control module in certain right-hand-drive vehicles, industry-wide issues with airbags from a particular supplier, Model X seat components that could cause unintended seat movement during a collision, and concerns of corrosion in Model S power steering assist motor bolts. Furthermore, testing of our vehicles by government regulators or industry groups may require us to initiate vehicle recalls or may result in negative public perceptions about the safety of our vehicles. In the future, we may at various times, voluntarily or involuntarily, initiate a recall if any of our products or our electric vehicle powertrain components that we have provided to other vehicle OEMs, including any systems or parts sourced from our suppliers, prove to be defective or noncompliant with applicable laws and regulations, such as federal motor vehicle safety standards. Such recalls, whether voluntary or involuntary or caused by systems or components engineered or manufactured by us or our suppliers, could involve significant expense and could adversely affect our brand image in our target markets, as well as our business, prospects, financial condition and results of operations.
Our current and future warranty reserves may be insufficient to cover future warranty claims which could adversely affect our financial performance.
Subject to separate limited warranties for the supplemental restraint system, battery and drive unit, we provide four-year or 50,000-mile limited warranties for the purchasers of new Model 3, Model S and Model X vehicles and either a four-year or 50,000-mile limited warranty or a two-year or 100,000-mile maximum odometer limited warranty for the purchasers of used Model S or Model X vehicles certified and sold by us. The limited warranty for the battery and drive unit for new Model S and Model X vehicles covers the drive unit for eight years, as well as the battery for a period of eight years (or for certain older vehicles, 125,000 miles if
54
reached sooner than eight years), although the battery’s charging capacity is not covered under any of our warranties or Extended Service plans; the limited warran ty for used Model S and Model X vehicles does not extend or otherwise alter the terms of the original battery and drive unit limited warranty for such used vehicles specified in their original New Vehicle Limited Warranty. For the battery and drive unit on our current new Model 3 vehicles, we offer an eight-year or 100,000-mile limited warranty for our standard range battery and an eight-year or 120,000-mile limited warranty for our long-range battery, with minimum 70% retention of battery capacity over the warranty period. In addition, customers of new Model S and Model X vehicles have the opportunity to purchase an Extended Service plan for the period after the end of the limited warranty for their new vehicles to cover additional services for up to an add itional four years or 50,000 miles, provided it is purchased within a specified period of time.
For energy storage products, we provide limited warranties against defects and to guarantee minimum energy retention levels. For example, we currently guarantee that each Powerwall 2 product will maintain at least 70-80% of its stated energy capacity after 10 years, and that each Powerpack 2 product will retain specified minimum energy capacities in each of its first 10 to 15 years of use. For our Solar Roof, we currently offer a warranty on the glass tiles for the lifetime of a customer’s home and a separate warranty for the energy generation capability of the solar tiles. We also offer extended warranties, availability guarantees and capacity guarantees for periods of up to 20 years at an additional cost at the time of purchase, as well as workmanship warranties to customers who elect to have us install their systems.
Finally, customers who buy energy from us under solar energy system leases or power purchase agreements are covered by warranties equal to the length of the agreement term, which is typically 20 years. Systems purchased for cash are covered by a warranty of up to 10 years, with extended warranties available at additional cost. In addition, we pass through to our customers the inverter and panel manufacturers’ warranties, which generally range from 5 to 25 years, subjecting us to the risk that the manufacturers may later cease operations or fail to honor their underlying warranties. Finally, we provide a performance guarantee with our leased solar energy systems that compensates a customer on an annual basis if their system does not meet the electricity production guarantees set forth in their lease.
If our warranty reserves are inadequate to cover future warranty claims on our products, our business, prospects, financial condition and operating results could be materially and adversely affected. Warranty reserves include management’s best estimate of the projected costs to repair or to replace items under warranty. These estimates are based on actual claims incurred to-date and an estimate of the nature, frequency and costs of future claims. Such estimates are inherently uncertain and changes to our historical or projected experience, especially with respect to products such as Model 3 and Solar Roof that are new and/or that we expect to produce at significantly greater volumes than our past products, may cause material changes to our warranty reserves in the future.
Our insurance strategy may not be adequate to protect us from all business risks.
We may be subject, in the ordinary course of business, to losses resulting from products liability, accidents, acts of God and other claims against us, for which we may have no insurance coverage. As a general matter, we do not maintain as much insurance coverage as many other companies do, and in some cases, we do not maintain any at all. Additionally, the policies that we do have may include significant deductibles or self-insured retentions, and we cannot be certain that our insurance coverage will be sufficient to cover all future losses or claims against us. A loss that is uninsured or which exceeds policy limits may require us to pay substantial amounts, which could adversely affect our financial condition and operating results.
Our financial results may vary significantly from period-to-period due to fluctuations in our operating costs.
We expect our period-to-period financial results to vary based on our operating costs which we anticipate will increase significantly in future periods as we, among other things, ramp up the production of Model 3, expand Gigafactory 1, open new Tesla stores and service centers with maintenance and repair capabilities, open new Supercharger locations, ramp production at Gigafactory 2, increase our sales and marketing activities, and increase our general and administrative functions to support our growing operations. Moreover, we expect to continue to design, develop and manufacture new and future products, and increase our production capacity by expanding our current manufacturing facilities and adding future facilities. As a result of these factors, we believe that quarter-to-quarter comparisons of our financial results, especially in the short-term, are not necessarily meaningful and that these comparisons cannot be relied upon as indicators of future performance. Moreover, our financial results may not meet expectations of equity research analysts, ratings agencies or investors. If any of this occurs, the trading price of our stock could fall substantially, either suddenly or over time.
55
Servicing our indebtedness requires a significant amount of cash, and there is no guarantee that we will have sufficient cash flow from our business to pay our substantial indebtedness.
As of March 31, 2018, we and our subsidiaries had outstanding $10.47 billion in aggregate principal amount of indebtedness (see Note 10, Convertible and Long-Term Debt Obligations, to the consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q). Our substantial consolidated indebtedness may increase our vulnerability to any generally adverse economic and industry conditions. We and our subsidiaries may, subject to the limitations in the terms of our existing and future indebtedness, incur additional debt, secure existing or future debt or recapitalize our debt.
Pursuant to their terms, holders of our 1.50% Convertible Senior notes due 2018, 0.25% Convertible Senior Notes due 2019, 1.25% Convertible Senior Notes due 2021 and 2.375% Convertible Senior Notes due 2022 (collectively, the “Tesla Convertible Notes”) may convert their respective Tesla Convertible Notes at their option prior to the scheduled maturities of the respective Tesla Convertible Notes under certain circumstances. Upon conversion of the applicable Tesla Convertible Notes, we will be obligated to deliver cash and/or shares in respect of the principal amounts thereof and the conversion value in excess of such principal amounts on such Tesla Convertible Notes. For example, in June 2017, September 2017 and November 2017, pursuant to separate privately negotiated agreements, we exchanged $144.8 million, $10.0 million and $12.0 million, respectively, in aggregate principal amount of the 1.50% Convertible Senior Notes due 2018 for 1.2 million shares, 0.1 million shares and 0.1 million shares, respectively, of our common stock. Moreover, our subsidiary’s 2.75% Convertible Senior Notes due 2018, 1.625% Convertible Senior Notes due 2019 and Zero-Coupon Convertible Senior Notes due 2020 (collectively, the “Subsidiary Convertible Notes”) are convertible into shares of our common stock at conversion prices ranging from $300.00 to $759.36 per share. Finally, holders of the Tesla Convertible Notes and the Subsidiary Convertible Notes will have the right to require us to repurchase their notes upon the occurrence of a fundamental change at a purchase price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the notes, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to, but not including, the fundamental change purchase date.
Our ability to make scheduled payments of the principal and interest on our indebtedness when due or to make payments upon conversion or repurchase demands with respect to our convertible notes, or to refinance our indebtedness as we may need or desire, depends on our future performance, which is subject to economic, financial, competitive and other factors beyond our control. Our business may not continue to generate cash flow from operations in the future sufficient to satisfy our obligations under our existing indebtedness, and any future indebtedness we may incur, and to make necessary capital expenditures. If we are unable to generate such cash flow, we may be required to adopt one or more alternatives, such as reducing or delaying investments or capital expenditures, selling assets, refinancing or obtaining additional equity capital on terms that may be onerous or highly dilutive. Our ability to refinance existing or future indebtedness will depend on the capital markets and our financial condition at such time. In addition, our ability to make payments may be limited by law, by regulatory authority or by agreements governing our future indebtedness. We may not be able to engage in any of these activities or engage in these activities on desirable terms or at all, which could result in a default on our existing or future indebtedness and have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
Our debt agreements contain covenant restrictions that may limit our ability to operate our business.
The terms of certain of our credit facilities, including our senior secured asset based revolving credit agreement, contain, and any of our other future debt agreements may contain, covenant restrictions that limit our ability to operate our business, including restrictions on our ability to, among other things, incur additional debt or issue guarantees, create liens, repurchase stock or make other restricted payments, and make certain voluntary prepayments of specified debt. In addition, under certain circumstances we are required to comply with a fixed charge coverage ratio. As a result of these covenants, our ability to respond to changes in business and economic conditions and engage in beneficial transactions, including to obtain additional financing as needed, may be restricted. Furthermore, our failure to comply with our debt covenants could result in a default under our debt agreements, which could permit the holders to accelerate our obligation to repay the debt. If any of our debt is accelerated, we may not have sufficient funds available to repay it.
We may need or want to raise additional funds and these funds may not be available to us when we need them. If we cannot raise additional funds when we need or want them , our operations and prospects could be negatively affected .
The design, manufacture, sale, installation and/or servicing of automobiles, energy storage products and solar products is a capital intensive business. Until we are consistently generating positive free cash flows, we may need or want to raise additional funds through the issuance of equity, equity-related or debt securities or through obtaining credit from financial institutions to fund, together with our principal sources of liquidity , the costs of developing and manufacturing our current or future vehicles , energy storage products and/or solar products, to pay any significant unplanned or accelerated expenses or for new significant strategic investments, or to refinance our significant consolidated indebtedness, even if not required to do so by the terms of such indebtedness. We need sufficient capital to fund our ongoing operations, ramp vehicle production, continue research and development projects, establish sales, delivery and service centers, build and deploy Superchargers , expand Gigafactory 1, ramp production at Gigafactory 2 and to make the
56
investments in tooling and manufacturing capital required to introduce new vehicles , energy storage products and solar pr oducts. We cannot be certain that additional funds will be available to us on favorable terms when required, or at all. If we cannot raise additional funds when we need them, our financial condition, results of operations, business and prospects could be m aterially and adversely affected.
Additionally, we use capital from third-party investors to enable our customers’ access to our solar energy systems with little or no upfront cost. The availability of this financing depends upon many factors, including the confidence of the investors in the solar energy industry, the quality and mix of our customer contracts, any regulatory changes impacting the economics of our existing customer contracts, changes in law (including tax law), risks or government incentives associated with these financings, and our ability to compete with other renewable energy companies for the limited number of potential investors. Moreover, interest rates remain at low levels. If the rate of return required by investors rises as a result of a rise in interest rates, it will reduce the present value of the customer payment streams underlying, and therefore the total value of, our financing structures, increasing our cost of capital. If we are unable to establish new financing funds on favorable terms for third-party ownership arrangements, we may be unable to finance the installation of our solar energy systems for our lease or power purchase agreement customers’ systems, or our cost of capital could increase and our liquidity may be negatively impacted, which would have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
If we update our manufacturing equipment more quickly than expected, we may have to shorten the useful lives of any equipment to be retired as a result of any such update, and the resulting acceleration in our depreciation could negatively affect our financial results.
We have invested and expect to continue to invest significantly in what we believe is state of the art tooling, machinery and other manufacturing equipment for our various product lines, and we depreciate the cost of such equipment over their expected useful lives. However, manufacturing technology may evolve rapidly, and we may decide to update our manufacturing process with cutting-edge equipment more quickly than expected. Moreover, as our engineering and manufacturing expertise and efficiency increase, we may be able to manufacture our products using less of our installed equipment. The useful life of any equipment that would be retired early as a result would be shortened, causing the depreciation on such equipment to be accelerated, and our results of operations could be negatively impacted.
We are exposed to fluctuations in currency exchange rates, which could negatively affect our financial results.
Our revenues and costs denominated in foreign currencies are not completely matched. As we have increased vehicle deliveries in markets outside of the U.S., we have much higher revenues than costs denominated in other currencies such as the euro, Chinese yuan, Norwegian krone, pound sterling and Canadian dollar. Any strengthening of the U.S. dollar would tend to reduce our revenues as measured in U.S. dollars, as we have historically experienced. In addition, a portion of our costs and expenses have been, and we anticipate will continue to be, denominated in foreign currencies, including the Japanese yen. If we do not have fully offsetting revenues in these currencies and if the value of the U.S. dollar depreciates significantly against these currencies, our costs as measured in U.S. dollars as a percent of our revenues will correspondingly increase and our margins will suffer. Moreover, while we undertake limited hedging activities intended to offset the impact of currency translation exposure, it is impossible to predict or eliminate such impact. As a result, our operating results could be adversely affected.
We may face regulatory limitations on our ability to sell vehicles directly which could materially and adversely affect our ability to sell our electric vehicles.
We sell our vehicles directly to consumers. We may not be able to sell our vehicles through this sales model in each state in the U.S., as some states have laws that may be interpreted to impose limitations on this direct-to-consumer sales model. In certain states in which we are not able to obtain dealer licenses, we have opened galleries, which are not full retail locations.
The application of these state laws to our operations continues to be difficult to predict. Laws in some states have limited our ability to obtain dealer licenses from state motor vehicle regulators and may continue to do so.
In addition, decisions by regulators permitting us to sell vehicles may be challenged by dealer associations and others as to whether such decisions comply with applicable state motor vehicle industry laws. We have prevailed in many of these lawsuits and such results have reinforced our continuing belief that state laws were not designed to prevent our distribution model. In some states, there have also been regulatory and legislative efforts by dealer associations to propose laws that, if enacted, would prevent us from obtaining dealer licenses in their states given our current sales model. A few states have passed legislation that clarifies our ability to operate, but at the same time limits the number of dealer licenses we can obtain or stores that we can operate. We have also filed a lawsuit in federal court in Michigan challenging the constitutionality of the state’s prohibition on direct sales as applied to our business.
57
Internationally, there may be laws in jurisdictions we have not yet entered or laws we are unaware of in jurisdictions we have entered that may restrict our sales or other business practices. Even for tho se jurisdictions we have analyzed, the laws in this area can be complex, difficult to interpret and may change over time. Continued regulatory limitations and other obstacles interfering with our ability to sell vehicles directly to consumers could have a negative and material impact our business, prospects, financial condition and results of operations.
We may need to defend ourselves against intellectual property infringement claims, which may be time-consuming and could cause us to incur substantial costs.
Others, including our competitors, may hold or obtain patents, copyrights, trademarks or other proprietary rights that could prevent, limit or interfere with our ability to make, use, develop, sell or market our products and services, which could make it more difficult for us to operate our business. From time to time, the holders of such intellectual property rights may assert their rights and urge us to take licenses, and/or may bring suits alleging infringement or misappropriation of such rights. We may consider the entering into licensing agreements with respect to such rights, although no assurance can be given that such licenses can be obtained on acceptable terms or that litigation will not occur, and such licenses could significantly increase our operating expenses. In addition, if we are determined to have infringed upon a third party’s intellectual property rights, we may be required to cease making, selling or incorporating certain components or intellectual property into the goods and services we offer, to pay substantial damages and/or license royalties, to redesign our products and services, and/or to establish and maintain alternative branding for our products and services. In the event that we were required to take one or more such actions, our business, prospects, operating results and financial condition could be materially adversely affected. In addition, any litigation or claims, whether or not valid, could result in substantial costs, negative publicity and diversion of resources and management attention.
Our facilities or operations could be damaged or adversely affected as a result of disasters.
Our corporate headquarters, the Tesla Factory and Gigafactory 1 are located in seismically active regions in Northern California and Nevada. If major disasters such as earthquakes or other events occur, or our information system or communications network breaks down or operates improperly, our headquarters and production facilities may be seriously damaged, or we may have to stop or delay production and shipment of our products. We may incur expenses relating to such damages, which could have a material adverse impact on our business, operating results and financial condition.
Risks Related to the Ownership of Our Common Stock
The trading price of our common stock is likely to continue to be volatile.
The trading price of our common stock has been highly volatile and could continue to be subject to wide fluctuations in response to various factors, some of which are beyond our control. Our common stock has experienced an intra-day trading high of $389.61 per share and a low of $244.59 per share over the last 52 weeks. The stock market in general, and the market for technology companies in particular, has experienced extreme price and volume fluctuations that have often been unrelated or disproportionate to the operating performance of those companies. Broad market and industry factors may seriously affect the market price of companies’ stock, including ours, regardless of actual operating performance. In addition, in the past, following periods of volatility in the overall market and the market price of a particular company’s securities, securities class action litigation has often been instituted against these companies. Moreover, stockholder litigation like this has been filed against us in the past. While we are continuing to defend such actions vigorously, any judgment against us or any future stockholder litigation could result in substantial costs and a diversion of our management’s attention and resources.
We may fail to meet our publicly announced guidance or other expectations about our business, which could cause our stock price to decline.
We provide guidance regarding our expected financial and business performance, such as projections regarding sales and production, as well as anticipated future revenues, gross margins, profitability and cash flows. Correctly identifying key factors affecting business conditions and predicting future events is inherently an uncertain process and our guidance may not ultimately be accurate. Our guidance is based on certain assumptions such as those relating to anticipated production and sales volumes and average sales prices, supplier and commodity costs, and planned cost reductions. If our guidance is not accurate or varies from actual results due to our inability to meet our assumptions or the impact on our financial performance that could occur as a result of various risks and uncertainties, the market value of our common stock could decline significantly.
58
Transactions relating to our convertible notes may dilute the ownership interest of existing stockholders, or may otherwise depress the price of our common stock.
The conversion of some or all of the Tesla Convertible Notes or the Subsidiary Convertible Notes would dilute the ownership interests of existing stockholders to the extent we deliver shares upon conversion of any of such notes. Our 1.50% Convertible Senior Notes due 2018 and the Subsidiary Convertible Notes have been historically, and the other Tesla Convertible Notes may become in the future, convertible at the option of their holders prior to their scheduled terms under certain circumstances. If holders elect to convert their convertible notes, we could be required to deliver to them a significant number of shares of our common stock. Any sales in the public market of the common stock issuable upon such conversion could adversely affect prevailing market prices of our common stock. In addition, the existence of the convertible notes may encourage short selling by market participants because the conversion of such notes could be used to satisfy short positions, or anticipated conversion of such notes into shares of our common stock could depress the price of our common stock.
Moreover, in connection with each issuance of the Tesla Convertible Notes, we entered into convertible note hedge transactions, which are expected to reduce the potential dilution and/or offset potential cash payments we are required to make in excess of the principal amount upon conversion of the applicable Tesla Convertible Notes. We also entered into warrant transactions with the hedge counterparties, which could separately have a dilutive effect on our common stock to the extent that the market price per share of our common stock exceeds the applicable strike price of the warrants on the applicable expiration dates. In addition, the hedge counterparties or their affiliates may enter into various transactions with respect to their hedge positions, which could also cause or prevent an increase or a decrease in the market price of our common stock or the convertible notes.
Elon Musk has pledged shares of our common stock to secure certain bank borrowings. If Mr. Musk were forced to sell these shares pursuant to a margin call that he could not avoid or satisfy, such sales could cause our stock price to decline.
Certain banking institutions have made extensions of credit to Elon Musk, our Chief Executive Officer, a portion of which was used to purchase shares of common stock in certain of our public offerings and private placements at the same prices offered to third party participants in such offerings and placements. We are not a party to these loans, which are partially secured by pledges of a portion of the Tesla common stock currently owned by Mr. Musk. If the price of our common stock were to decline substantially and Mr. Musk were unable to avoid or satisfy a margin call with respect to his pledged shares, Mr. Musk may be forced by one or more of the banking institutions to sell shares of Tesla common stock in order to remain within the margin limitations imposed under the terms of his loans. Any such sales could cause the price of our common stock to decline further.
Anti-takeover provisions contained in our governing documents, applicable laws and our convertible notes could impair a takeover attempt.
Our certificate of incorporation and bylaws afford certain rights and powers to our board of directors that could contribute to the delay or prevention of an acquisition that it deems undesirable. We are also subject to Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law and other provisions of Delaware law that limit the ability of stockholders in certain situations to effect certain business combinations. In addition, the terms of our convertible notes require us to repurchase such notes in the event of a fundamental change, including a takeover of our company. Any of the foregoing provisions and terms that has the effect of delaying or deterring a change in control could limit the opportunity for our stockholders to receive a premium for their shares of our common stock, and could also affect the price that some investors are willing to pay for our common stock.
ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS
None.
ITEM 3. DEFAULT UPON SENIOR SECURITIES
None.
ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES
Not applicable.
59
Credit Agreement Amendment
On May 3, 2018, the Company and its subsidiary Tesla Motors Netherlands B.V. entered into the Ninth Amendment (the “Ninth Amendment”) to the Credit Agreement. The Ninth Amendment amended the Credit Agreement to permit Tesla to include in its discretion: (i) the Fremont Factory facilities in the U.S. borrowing base and/or (ii) vehicles in and in-transit to Belgium in the Dutch borrowing base.
See Index to Exhibits at the end of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the information required by this Item.
60
INDEX TO EXHIBITS
Exhibit Number |
|
|
|
Incorporated by Reference |
|
Filed Herewith |
||||||
|
Exhibit Description |
|
Form |
|
File No. |
|
Exhibit |
|
Filing Date |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.1** |
|
Performance Stock Option Agreement between the Registrant and Elon Musk dated January 21, 2018 . |
|
DEF 14A |
|
001-34756 |
|
Appendix A |
|
February 8, 2018 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.2 |
|
|
— |
|
— |
|
— |
|
— |
|
X |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.3 |
|
|
— |
|
— |
|
— |
|
— |
|
X |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.4 |
|
|
— |
|
— |
|
— |
|
— |
|
X |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.5 |
|
|
— |
|
— |
|
— |
|
— |
|
X |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
31.1 |
|
Rule 13a-14(a) / 15(d)-14(a) Certification of Principal Executive Officer |
|
— |
|
— |
|
— |
|
— |
|
X |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
31.2 |
|
Rule 13a-14(a) / 15(d)-14(a) Certification of Principal Financial Officer |
|
— |
|
— |
|
— |
|
— |
|
X |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
32.1* |
|
|
— |
|
— |
|
— |
|
— |
|
X |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
101.INS |
|
XBRL Instance Document |
|
— |
|
— |
|
— |
|
— |
|
X |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
101.SCH |
|
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document |
|
— |
|
— |
|
— |
|
— |
|
X |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
101.CAL |
|
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document |
|
— |
|
— |
|
— |
|
— |
|
X |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
101.DEF |
|
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document |
|
— |
|
— |
|
— |
|
— |
|
X |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
101.LAB |
|
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document |
|
— |
|
— |
|
— |
|
— |
|
X |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
101.PRE |
|
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document |
|
— |
|
— |
|
— |
|
— |
|
X |
* |
Furnished herewith. |
** |
Indicates a management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement. |
61
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
|
|
Tesla, Inc. |
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|
|
Date: May 4, 2018 |
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/s/ Deepak Ahuja |
|
|
Deepak Ahuja |
|
|
Chief Financial Officer |
|
|
(Principal Financial Officer, Principal Accounting Officer and Duly Authorized Officer) |
62
Exhibit 10.2
EIGHTH AMENDMENT TO CREDIT AGREEMENT
EIGHTH AMENDMENT TO CREDIT AGREEMENT (this “ Amendment ”), dated as of March 12, 2018, in respect of the ABL Credit Agreement, dated as of June 10, 2015 (as amended, supplemented or otherwise modified prior to the date hereof, the “ Credit Agreement ”), among Tesla, Inc. (the “ Company ”, and together with each Wholly-Owned Domestic Subsidiary of the Company that becomes a U.S. Borrower pursuant to the terms of the Credit Agreement, collectively, the “ U.S. Borrowers ”), Tesla Motors Netherlands B.V. (“ Tesla B.V. ”, and together with each Wholly-Owned Dutch Subsidiary of Tesla B.V. that becomes a Dutch Borrower pursuant to the terms of the Credit Agreement, collectively, the “ Dutch Borrowers ”; and the Dutch Borrowers, together with the U.S. Borrowers, collectively, the “ Borrowers ”), the lenders from time to time party thereto (the “ Lenders ”), Deutsche Bank AG New York Branch, as administrative agent and collateral agent (in such capacities, the “ Administrative Agent ”) and as Collateral Agent, and the other agents party thereto.
RECITALS:
WHEREAS, the Company has requested an amendment to the Credit Agreement;
WHEREAS, pursuant to Section 13.12 of the Credit Agreement, the Credit Agreement may be amended with the written consent of the Required Lenders and each Credit Party thereto; and
WHEREAS, the parties now wish to amend the Credit Agreement in certain respects.
AGREEMENT:
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises and mutual covenants contained herein, the parties hereto agree as follows:
Section 1. Defined Terms. Unless otherwise specifically defined herein, each term used herein (including in the recitals above) has the meaning assigned to such term in the Credit Agreement.
Section 2. Amendments to Credit Agreement.
(a) Amendment to definition of Change of Control . The definition of Change of Control in Section 1.01 of the Credit Agreement shall be amended by adding the text “and in connection with such “change of control” or similar event, the Company shall be obligated to repurchase or offer to repurchase all of the affected Permitted Convertible Notes or Permitted Additional Indebtedness” at the end of clause (iii) thereof.
(b) Amendment to Section 10.04(f) of the Credit Agreement . Section 10.04(f) of the Credit Agreement shall be amended by deleting the words “in the ordinary course of business” at the end of clause (i) thereof.
(c) Amendment to Section 10.04(o) of the Credit Agreement . Section 10.04(o) of the Credit Agreement shall be amended and restated in its entirety to read as follows:
“(o) if no Default or Event of Default then exists or would result therefrom, additional Indebtedness incurred by any Subsidiary that is not a Credit Party (which Indebtedness may be (A) unsecured or secured and (B) guaranteed (x) on a like basis by any other Subsidiaries that are not Credit Parties or (y) on an unsecured basis by any U.S. Borrower pursuant to Section 10.04(f)(i)) in an aggregate principal amount, together with Indebtedness incurred and
outstanding pursuant to Section 10.04(n)(vii)(y), not to exceed $1,000,000,000 at any time outstanding; provided that if such Indebtedness is secured it shall only be secured by assets or property of Subsidiaries that are not Credit Parties (all Indebtedness incurred or issued under this clause (o) is referred to as “ Permitted Non-Credit Party Indebtedness ”);”
(d) Amendment to Section 10.04 of the Credit Agreement . Section 10.04 of the Credit Agreement shall be amended by (i) deleting the word “and” at the end of clause (w) thereof, (ii) deleting the “.” at the end of clause (x) thereof and substituting in lieu thereof the text “; and” and (iii) inserting the following new clause (y) after clause (x):
“(y) unsecured Indebtedness of the Company and its Subsidiaries that does not at any time exceed $125,000,000 in aggregate principal amount; provided that the net cash proceeds of any Indebtedness incurred pursuant to this Section 10.04(y) may not be deposited or maintained in any Core Deposit Account.”
(e) Amendment to Section 10.14(a) of the Credit Agreement . Section 10.14(a) of the Credit Agreement shall be amended and restated in its entirety to read as follows:
“(a) the Company and its Subsidiaries shall not (subject to the Consent Letter) guarantee or otherwise become directly liable for any Indebtedness of SolarCity or any of its Subsidiaries (it being understood and agreed that this Section 10.14(a) shall not restrict or prohibit (i) any guarantee by a Subsidiary of Indebtedness of the Company and/or its Subsidiaries that is also guaranteed by a SolarCity Guarantee and (ii) any unsecured guarantee by the Company or its Subsidiaries of Indebtedness of SolarCity or any of its Subsidiaries with respect to letters of credit, bankers’ acceptances, bank guarantees, performance bonds, surety bonds, appeal bonds, customs bonds or similar instruments required in the ordinary course of business or in connection with the enforcement of rights or claims of SolarCity or any of its Subsidiaries or in connection with judgments that do not result in an Event of Default);”
(f) Amendment to Section 11.04 of the Credit Agreement . Section 11.04 of the Credit Agreement shall be amended by adding “or any payment on demand in respect of Indebtedness incurred under Section 10.04(y) in accordance with the terms of such Indebtedness and not as a result of a default thereunder,” to clause (x) thereof immediately after the phrase “prior to the stated maturity thereof,”.
Section 3. Conditions. This Amendment shall become effective on the date on which the following conditions precedent have been satisfied or waived (the date on which such conditions shall have been so satisfied or waived, the “ Amendment Effective Date ”):
(a) The Administrative Agent shall have received a counterpart of this Amendment, executed and delivered by the Credit Parties, the Administrative Agent and the Required Lenders.
(b) Each of the representations and warranties made by the Credit Parties in or pursuant to the Credit Agreement or in or pursuant to the other Credit Documents shall be true and correct in all material respects (except that any representation and warranty that is qualified or subject to “materiality”, “Material Adverse Effect” or similar language shall be true and correct in all respects) on and as of the Amendment Effective Date as if made on and as of such date except for such representations and warranties expressly stated to be made as of an earlier date (in which case such representations and warranties shall be true and correct in all material respects as of such earlier date).
(c) No Default or Event of Default shall exist on the Amendment Effective Date.
(d) The Administrative Agent shall have received an officer’s certificate from an Authorized Officer of the Company and dated as of the Amendment Effective Date, certifying that each condition set forth in Sections 3(b) and (c) hereof have been satisfied on and as of the Amendment Effective Date.
Section 4. Representations and Warranties, etc . The Borrowers hereby confirm, reaffirm and restate that each of the representations and warranties made by any Credit Party in the Credit Documents is true and correct in all material respects on and as of the Amendment Effective Date (it being understood and agreed that (x) any representation or warranty which by its terms is made as of a specified date shall be required to be true and correct in all material respects only as of such specified date and (y) any representation or warranty that is qualified by “materiality”, “Material Adverse Effect” or similar language shall be true and correct in all respects). The Borrowers represent and warrant that, immediately after giving effect to the occurrence of the Amendment Effective Date, no Default or Event of Default has occurred and is continuing. The Borrowers represent and warrant that each Credit Party (i) has the Business power and authority to execute, deliver and perform the terms and provisions of this Amendment and has taken all necessary Business action to authorize the execution, delivery and performance by such Credit Party thereof and (ii) has duly executed and delivered this Amendment, and that this Amendment constitutes a legal, valid and binding obligation of the Borrowers enforceable against each Borrower in accordance with its terms, except as enforceability may be limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or similar laws affecting the enforcement of creditors’ rights generally and by general equitable principles (whether enforcement is sought by proceedings in equity or at law).
Section 5. Reaffirmation . Each Guarantor and each Credit Party hereby agrees that (i) all of its Obligations under the Credit Documents shall remain in full force and effect on a continuous basis after giving effect to this Amendment and (ii) each Credit Document is ratified and affirmed in all respects.
Section 6. Governing Law. This Amendment and the rights of the parties hereunder shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York (without regard to conflicts of law principles that would result in the application of any law other than the law of the State of New York).
Section 7. Effect of This Amendment. Except as expressly set forth herein, this Amendment shall not by implication or otherwise limit, impair, constitute a waiver of or otherwise affect the rights and remedies of any Lender or Agent under the Credit Agreement or any other Credit Document, and shall not alter, modify, amend or in any way affect any of the terms, conditions, obligations, covenants or agreements contained in the Credit Agreement or any other Credit Document, all of which are ratified and affirmed in all respects and shall continue in full force and effect. Nothing herein shall be deemed to entitle any party to a consent to, or a waiver, amendment, modification or other change of, any of the terms, conditions, obligations, covenants or agreements contained in the Credit Agreement or any other Credit Document in similar or different circumstances.
Section 8. Counterparts. This Amendment may be signed in any number of counterparts, each of which shall be an original, with the same effect as if the signatures thereto and hereto were upon the same instrument. Delivery of an executed signature page of this Amendment by facsimile transmission or electronic transmission (e.g., “pdf” or “tif”) shall be effective as delivery of a manually executed counterpart hereof.
Section 9. Miscellaneous. This Amendment shall constitute a Credit Document for all purposes of the Credit Agreement. The Borrowers shall pay all reasonable fees, costs and expenses of the
Administrative Agent incurred in connection with the negotiation, preparation and execution of this Amendment and the transactions contemplated hereby.
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Amendment to be duly executed as of the date first above written.
TESLA, INC.
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By: |
/s/ Deepak Ahuja
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TESLA MOTORS NETHERLANDS B.V.
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By: |
/s/ Marc Cerda
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[Eighth Amendment – Signature Page]
DEUTSCHE BANK AG NEW YORK BRANCH , as Administrative Agent, Collateral Agent, Swingline Lender and a Lender |
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By: |
/s/ Alicia Schug |
Name: Alicia Schug Title: Vice President
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By: |
/s/ Marguerite Sutton |
Name: Marguerite Sutton Title: Vice President
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[Eighth Amendment – Signature Page]
GOLDMAN SACHS BANK USA , as a Lender
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By: |
/s/ Chris Lam
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[Eighth Amendment – Signature Page]
BARCLAYS BANK PLC, as a Lender
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By: |
/s/ Nick Guzzardo
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[Eighth Amendment – Signature Page]
as Issuing Lender
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By: |
/s/ David G. Foster
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[Eighth Amendment – Signature Page]
Morgan Stanley Senior Funding, as a Lender
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By: |
/s/ Brian Rossi
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[Eighth Amendment – Signature Page]
Morgan Stanley Bank NA, as a Lender
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By: |
/s/ Brian Rossi
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[Eighth Amendment – Signature Page]
ROYAL BANK OF CANADA, as a Lender
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By: |
/s/ Philippe Pepin
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[Eighth Amendment – Signature Page]
Bank of America, N.A., as an Issuing Lender and a Lender
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By: |
/s/ Robert M. Dalton
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[Eighth Amendment – Signature Page]
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By: |
/s/ Richard Bernal
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[Eighth Amendment – Signature Page]
WELLS FARGO BANK, N.A., as a Lender
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By: |
/s/ Krista Mize
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[Eighth Amendment – Signature Page]
Exhibit 10.3
NINTH AMENDMENT TO CREDIT AGREEMENT
NINTH AMENDMENT TO CREDIT AGREEMENT (this “ Amendment ”), dated as of May 3, 2018, in respect of the ABL Credit Agreement, dated as of June 10, 2015 (as amended, supplemented or otherwise modified prior to the date hereof, the “ Credit Agreement ”), among Tesla, Inc. (the “ Company ”, and together with each Wholly-Owned Domestic Subsidiary of the Company that becomes a U.S. Borrower pursuant to the terms of the Credit Agreement, collectively, the “ U.S. Borrowers ”), Tesla Motors Netherlands B.V. (“ Tesla B.V. ”, and together with each Wholly-Owned Dutch Subsidiary of Tesla B.V. that becomes a Dutch Borrower pursuant to the terms of the Credit Agreement, collectively, the “ Dutch Borrowers ”; and the Dutch Borrowers, together with the U.S. Borrowers, collectively, the “ Borrowers ”), the lenders from time to time party thereto (the “ Lenders ”), Deutsche Bank AG New York Branch, as administrative agent and collateral agent (in such capacities, the “ Administrative Agent ”) and as Collateral Agent, and the other agents party thereto.
RECITALS:
WHEREAS, the Company has requested an amendment to the Credit Agreement;
WHEREAS, pursuant to Section 13.12 of the Credit Agreement, the Credit Agreement may be amended with the written consent of the Supermajority Lenders and each Credit Party thereto; and
WHEREAS, the parties now wish to amend the Credit Agreement in certain respects.
AGREEMENT:
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises and mutual covenants contained herein, the parties hereto agree as follows:
Section 1. Defined Terms. Unless otherwise specifically defined herein, each term used herein (including in the recitals above) has the meaning assigned to such term in the Credit Agreement.
Section 2. Amendments to Credit Agreement.
(a) Amendment to Section 1.01 of the Credit Agreement . The following defined terms shall be inserted into Section 1.01 of the Credit Agreement in appropriate alphabetical order:
“ Appraised Fair Market Value ” shall mean, at any time, with respect to any Eligible Real Property, the fair market value of such Real Property, as determined pursuant to the most recent Real Property Appraisal of such Eligible Real Property.
“ Eligible Real Property ” shall mean the Fremont Real Property; provided such Real Property meets each of the following criteria:
(a) such Real Property is acceptable in the reasonable discretion of the Administrative Agent for inclusion in the U.S. Borrowing Base (and the Administrative Agent acknowledges that the Fremont Real Property is acceptable);
(b) such Real Property is wholly owned in fee simple by a U.S. Borrower free and clear of all Liens and rights of any other Person, except the First Priority Lien in favor of the Collateral Agent, on behalf of the Secured Creditors, the junior Permitted Liens under Section 10.01(s) and First Priority Priming Liens (subject to Reserves
established by the Administrative Agent in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement and in respect of such Permitted Liens);
(c) such Real Property is covered by all insurance required by Section 9.03 hereof; and
(d) the Administrative Agent has received the following (collectively, the “ Eligible Real Property Deliverables ”):
(i) a Mortgage encumbering such Real Property creating a First Priority Lien in favor of the Collateral Agent, for the benefit of the Secured Creditors, duly executed and acknowledged by each Credit Party that is the owner or holder of any interest in such Mortgaged Property, and otherwise in form for recording in the recording office of each applicable political subdivision where each such Mortgaged Property is situated, together with such certificates, affidavits, questionnaires or returns as shall be required in connection with the recording or filing thereof to create a Lien under applicable Requirements of Law, and such financing statements and any other instruments necessary to grant a mortgage Lien under the laws of any applicable jurisdiction, all of which shall be in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to Collateral Agent;
(ii) a lender’s policy of title insurance (or marked up unconditional title insurance commitment having the effect of a policy of title insurance) issued by a nationally recognized and financially stable title insurance company reasonably acceptable to the Administrative Agent (the “ Title Company ”) insuring the Lien of such Mortgage as a valid First Priority Lien on the Mortgaged Property and fixtures described therein in an amount not less than the Appraised Fair Market Value of such Mortgaged Property and fixtures, which policy (or such marked up unconditional title insurance commitment) shall (x) to the extent necessary or commercially reasonable, include such co-insurance or reinsurance arrangements (with provisions for direct access, if necessary) as shall be reasonably acceptable to the Collateral Agent, (y) have been supplemented by such endorsements as shall be reasonably requested by the Collateral Agent (including, to the extent available in the local jurisdiction on commercially reasonable to terms and applicable to such Eligible Real Property, endorsements on matters relating to usury, first loss, revolving credit, zoning, contiguity, future advance, doing business, public road access (direct or indirect), same-as-survey, policy authentication, variable rate, environmental lien, subdivision, policy aggregation, mortgage recording tax, street address, separate tax lot, and so-called comprehensive coverage over covenants and restrictions), and (z) contain no exceptions to title other than Permitted Liens and Permitted Encumbrances (a “ Title Policy ”);
(iii) a survey of the applicable Mortgaged Property for which all necessary fees (where applicable) have been paid (a) prepared by a licensed, insured and qualified surveyor reasonably acceptable to the Collateral Agent, (b) dated or re-certificated not earlier than 60 days prior to the date of such delivery or such other date as may be reasonably satisfactory to the Collateral Agent in its reasonable discretion, (c) for Mortgaged Property situated in the United States, certified to the Administrative Agent, the Collateral Agent the Company, the applicable Credit Party (if any), and the Title Company issuing the Title Policy
for such Mortgaged Property, which certification shall be the standard certification required by the Minimum Standard Detail Requirements for ALTA/NSPS Land Title Surveys, and may include additional parties reasonably acceptable to the Collateral Agent, (d) complying with current “Minimum Standard Detail Requirements for ALTA/NSPS Land Title Surveys,” jointly established and adopted by American Land Title Association, and the National Society of Professional Surveyors (except for such deviations as are acceptable to the Collateral Agent), and (e) depicting and describing all buildings and other improvements, any offsite improvements owned or utilized by the Company or applicable Credit Party which are material to use or operation of any facilities located on the Mortgaged Property, the location of any easements, parking spaces, rights of way, building setback lines and other dimensional regulations and the absence of encroachments, either by such improvements or on to the Mortgaged Property, and other defects, other than encroachments and other defects reasonably acceptable to the Administrative Agent (a “ Real Property Survey ”);
(iv) an appraisal report in respect of such Real Property performed by a licensed, insured and qualified third-party real property appraiser certified to, and in form, scope and substance reasonably satisfactory to, the Administrative Agent and in compliance with FIRREA (a “ Real Property Appraisal ”);
(v) (a) a “Life-of-Loan” Federal Emergency Management Agency Standard Flood Hazard Determination for the Mortgaged Property; and (b) in the event any such Mortgaged Property is located in an area identified by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (or any successor agency) as a Special Flood Hazard Area, (x) a notice about special flood hazard area status and flood disaster assistance, duly executed by the applicable U.S. Borrower, (y) evidence of flood insurance with a financially sound and reputable insurer, naming the Administrative Agent, as mortgagee, in an amount and with terms required by the Flood Insurance Laws and otherwise in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Administrative Agent, and (z) evidence of the payment of premiums in respect thereof in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Administrative Agent;
(vi) an environmental assessment report and any other required information regarding environmental matters in respect of such Mortgaged Property and such report and information shall be prepared by an environmental consultant acceptable to the Administrative Agent and shall be satisfactory in form, scope and substance to the Administrative Agent in its reasonable discretion;
(vii) if reasonably requested by the Administrative Agent, a seismic report in respect of such Mortgaged Property performed by a licensed, insured and qualified third-party consultant in form, scope and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Administrative Agent;
(viii) customary favorable written opinions, addressed to the Collateral Agent and the Secured Creditors, of local counsel to the Credit Parties in each jurisdiction (i) where a Mortgaged Property is located and (ii) where the applicable Credit Party granting the Mortgage on said Mortgaged Property is
organized, regarding the due authorization, execution, delivery, perfection and enforceability of each such Mortgage, the corporate formation, existence and good standing of the applicable Credit Party under the laws of its jurisdiction of formation, and such other matters as may be reasonably requested by the Administrative Agent, each in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Administrative Agent; and
(ix) such other documents as the Administrative Agent may reasonably request, in each case in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Administrative Agent.
The Administrative Agent shall have the right to establish, modify or eliminate Reserves against Eligible Real Property from time to time in its Permitted Discretion; provided that with respect to facts or events known to the Administrative Agent prior to the Ninth Amendment Effective Date, the Administrative Agent may impose new Reserves only to reflect a change in circumstances, events, conditions, contingencies or risks in respect of such facts or events. The criteria for Eligible Real Property may only be revised or any new criteria for Eligible Real Property may only be established by the Administrative Agent in its Permitted Discretion based on either (i) an event, condition or other circumstance arising after the Ninth Amendment Effective Date, or (ii) an event, condition or other circumstance existing on the Ninth Amendment Effective Date to the extent the Administrative Agent has no notice thereof from a Borrower prior to the date hereof, in either cause under clause (i) or (ii) which adversely affects or could reasonably be expected to adversely affect the Fair Market Value of the Real Property as determined by the Administrative Agent in its Permitted Discretion.
“ Eligible Real Property Deliverables ” shall have the meaning provided in the definition of “Eligible Real Property”.
“ Environmental Liability ” shall mean any liability, contingent or otherwise (including any liability for damages, costs of environmental remediation, fines, penalties or indemnities), of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries directly or indirectly resulting from or based upon (a) any violation of any Environmental Law, (b) the generation, use, handling, transportation, storage, treatment or disposal of any Hazardous Materials, (c) any exposure to any Hazardous Materials, (d) the Release or threatened Release of any Hazardous Materials into the environment or (e) any contract, agreement or other consensual arrangement pursuant to which liability is assumed or imposed with respect to any of the foregoing.
“ FIRREA ” shall mean the Financial Institutions Reform, Recovery, and Enforcement Act of 1989, as amended.
“ Flood Insurance Laws ” shall mean, collectively, (i) National Flood Insurance Reform Act of 1994 (which comprehensively revised the National Flood Insurance Act of 1968 and the Flood Disaster Protection Act of 1973) as now or hereafter in effect or any successor statute thereto, (ii) the Flood Insurance Reform Act of 2004 as now or hereafter in effect or any successor statute thereto and (iii) the Biggert-Waters Flood Insurance Reform Act of 2012 as now or hereafter in effect or any successor statute thereto.
“ Fremont Real Property ” shall mean the real property owned by the Company located at 45500 Fremont Boulevard, Fremont, California, and any other Real Property ancillary or
related to the foregoing and owned by the Company or any Credit Party in Fremont, California .
“ Ninth Amendment Effective Date ” shall mean May 3, 2018.
“ Perfected Belgian Liens ” shall mean, with respect to any Inventory, that such Inventory is subject to a First Priority perfected Lien under Belgian law.
“ Real Property Appraisal ” shall have the meaning provided in the definition of “Eligible Real Property”.
“ Real Property Survey ” shall have the meaning provided in the definition of “Eligible Real Property”.
“ Title Company ” shall have the meaning provided in the definition of “Eligible Real Property”.
“ Title Policy ” shall have the meaning provided in the definition of “Eligible Real Property”.
(b) Amendment to the definition of Acceptable Appraisal . The definition of “Acceptable Appraisal” in Section 1.01 of the Credit Agreement shall be amended by (i) deleting the word “ and” immediately prior to clause (b) thereof and replacing it with a “,” and (ii) inserting the text “and (c) in respect of Real Property, a Real Property Appraisal” immediately prior to the “.” at the end thereof.
(c) Amendment to the definition of Eligible In-Transit Inventory . The definition of “Eligible In-Transit Inventory” in Section 1.01 of the Credit Agreement shall be amended by deleting the text “ or from the United States to the Netherlands” in clause (c) thereof and replacing it with the text “, in Belgium or from the United States to the Netherlands or Belgium; provided that any Inventory in Belgium or in-transit to Belgium shall only be Eligible Inventory if such Inventory is subject to a Perfected Belgian Lien”.
(d) Amendment to the definition of Eligible Inventory . Clause (p) of the definition of “Eligible Inventory” in Section 1.01 of the Credit Agreement shall be amended by (i) deleting the text “or the Netherlands” therein and replacing it with the text “, the Netherlands or Belgium” and (ii) inserting the text “or Belgium” immediately after the text “to the Netherlands” in the proviso thereof.
(e) Amendment to the definition of First Priority . The definition of “First Priority” in Section 1.01 of the Credit Agreement shall be amended and restated in its entirety to read as follows:
“ First Priority ” shall mean, with respect to any Lien purported to be created on any Collateral pursuant to any Security Document, that such Lien is prior in right to any other Lien thereon, other than (i) in respect of any Collateral (other than cash or Cash Equivalents), any Permitted Liens (excluding Permitted Liens under Section 10.01(s)) applicable to such Collateral arising by operation of law and which as a matter of law (and giving effect to any actions taken pursuant to the last paragraph of Section 10.01) have priority over the respective Liens on such Collateral created pursuant to the relevant Security Document, (ii) any Lien on property that would otherwise constitute Eligible Inventory but is subject to a lease that grants to the landlord thereunder a first priority perfected security interest in such property, (iii) in respect of any Eligible Machinery and
Equipment, Liens permitted by (x) Section 10.01(b)(i) so long as any such Lien does not secure amounts overdue by more than 30 days and (y) Section 10.01(b)(ii) so long as adequate reserves in respect of GAAP have been reserved in respect thereof and (iv) in respect of any Eligible Real Property, Liens permitted by Sections 10.01(a), (b)(i), (b)(ii) (so long as adequate reserves in respect of GAAP have been reserved in respect thereof), (e), (h) and (k) (such Liens described in clauses (i), (ii), and (iii) and (iv) above, “ First Priority Priming Liens ”).
(f) Amendment to the definition of Governmental Authority . The definition of “Governmental Authority” in Section 1.01 of the Credit Agreement shall be amended by adding the text “Belgium,” immediately following the text “the Netherlands,”.
(g) Amendment to the definition of Mortgage . The definition of “Mortgage” in Section 1.01 of the Credit Agreement shall be amended and restated in its entirety to read as follows:
“ Mortgage ” shall mean any deed of trust, mortgage, deed to secure debt, or other document entered into by the owner of a Mortgaged Property in favor of the Collateral Agent for the benefit of the Secured Creditors creating a Lien on such Mortgaged Property in such form as reasonably agreed between the Borrower and the Collateral Agent.
(h) Amendment to the definition of Mortgage Policy. The definition of “Mortgage Policy” shall be deleted in its entirety.
(i) Amendment to the definition of Mortgaged Property. The definition of “Mortgaged Property” shall by amended by deleting the words “by a Mortgage”.
(j) Amendment to the definition of Permitted Discretion . The definition of “Permitted Discretion” in Section 1.01 of the Credit Agreement shall be amended and restated in its entirety to read as follows:
“ Permitted Discretion ” shall mean the commercially reasonable judgment of the Administrative Agent exercised in good faith in accordance with customary business practices for comparable asset-based lending transactions, as to any factor which the Administrative Agent reasonably determines: (a) will or reasonably could be expected to adversely affect in any material respect the value of any Eligible Accounts, Eligible Cash and Cash Equivalents, Eligible Inventory, Eligible Machinery and Equipment or Eligible Real Property, the enforceability or priority of the Collateral Agent’s Liens thereon or the amount which any Agent, the Lenders or any Issuing Lender would be likely to receive (after giving consideration to delays in payment and costs of enforcement) in the liquidation of such Eligible Accounts, Eligible Cash and Cash Equivalents, Eligible Inventory, Eligible Machinery and Equipment or Eligible Real Property or (b) will or reasonably could be expected to result in any collateral report or financial information delivered to the Administrative Agent by any Person on behalf of any Borrower being incomplete, inaccurate or misleading in any material respect. In exercising such judgment, the Administrative Agent may consider, without duplication, such factors already included in or tested by the definitions of Eligible Accounts, Eligible Cash and Cash Equivalents, Eligible Inventory, Eligible Machinery and Equipment or Eligible Real Property, as well as any of the following: (i) changes after the Effective Date in any material respect in demand for, pricing of, or product mix of Inventory; (ii) changes after the Effective Date in any material respect in any concentration of risk with respect to
Accounts; (iii) any other factors arising after the Effective Date that change in any material respect the credit risk of lending to the Borrowers on the security of the Eligible Accounts, Eligible Cash and Cash Equivalents, Eligible Inventory, Eligible Machinery and Equipment; and (iv) any other factors arising after the Ninth Amendment Effective Date that change in any material respect the credit risk of lending to the Borrowers on the security of the Eligible Real Property.
(k) Amendment to the definition of Permitted Encumbrance . The definition of “Permitted Encumbrance” in Section 1.01 of the Credit Agreement shall be amended by (i) inserting the word “minor” immediately prior to the word “exceptions” therein and (ii) deleting the words “the Mortgage” and replacing them with the words “a final issued and accepted Title”.
(l) Amendment to the definition of Reserves . The definition of “Reserves” in Section 1.01 of the Credit Agreement shall be amended by deleting the text “and (xii)” and replacing it with the text “, (xii) reserves relating to Environmental Liabilities in respect of Eligible Real Property included in the U.S. Borrowing Base and (xiii)”.
(m) Amendment to the definition of Security Documents . The definition of “Security Documents” in Section 1.01 of the Credit Agreement shall be amended by adding the text “any Belgian law register pledge agreement in relation to a Perfected Belgian Lien, ” immediately following the text “Secured Creditors (including ”.
(n) Amendment to the definition of U.S. Borrowing Base . The definition of “U.S. Borrowing Base” in Section 1.01 of the Credit Agreement shall be amended by:
(i) deleting the word “and” at the end of clause (a)(viii) thereof and replacing it with a “,”,
(ii) deleting the word “ minus ” at the end of clause (a)(ix) thereof and replacing it with the word “and”,
(iii) inserting immediately after clause (ix) the following new clause (x): “(x) 75% of the Appraised Fair Market Value of Eligible Real Property, minus ”, and
(iv) deleting the text “clause (a)(ix) above shall not exceed 25%” in clause (iv) of the proviso at the end of such definition and replacing it with the text “clauses (a)(ix) and (a)(x) above shall not exceed 30%”.
(o) Amendment to Section 2.01(d) of the Credit Agreement. Section 2.01(d) of the Credit Agreement shall be amended by deleting the text “and “Eligible Machinery and Equipment”” and replacing it with the text “, “Eligible Machinery and Equipment” and “Eligible Real Property””.
(p) Amendment to Section 2.13 of the Credit Agreement. Section 2.13 of the Credit Agreement shall be amended by inserting the following new clause (c) at the end thereof:
“(c) The benefit of the Collateral and of the Security Documents shall automatically transfer to any assignee or transferee (by way of novation or otherwise) of part or all of the obligations expressed to be secured by the Collateral. For the purpose of Article 1278 and Article 1281 of the Belgian Civil Code (and, to the extent applicable, any similar provisions of foreign law), the Administrative Agent, the Collateral Agent and the other Secured Creditors and each of the Credit Parties hereby expressly reserve the
preservation of the Collateral and of the Security Documents in case of assignment, novation, amendment or any other transfer or change of the obligations expressed to be secured by the Collateral (including, without limitation, an extension of the term or an increase of the amount of such obligations or the granting of additional credit) or of any change of any of the parties to this Agreement or any other Credit Document.”
(q) Amendment to Section 2.14(a) of the Credit Agreement. Section 2.14(a) of the Credit Agreement shall be amended by inserting the following new sentence at the end thereof: “The effectiveness of any Incremental Commitments shall be subject to the provisions of Section 13.23.”
(r) Amendment to Section 8.01 of the Credit Agreement . Section 8.01 of the Credit Agreement shall be amended by replacing the phrase “Council Regulation (EC) No 1346/2000 on insolvency proceedings of 29 May 2000” with the phrase “European Parliament and Council Regulation (EU) No. 2015/848 on insolvency proceedings of 20 May 2015”.
(s) Amendment to Section 8.12 of the Credit Agreement. Section 8.12 of the Credit Agreement shall be amended by deleting the first sentence thereof and replacing it with the following sentence:
“Each of the Company and each of its Subsidiaries has good title to all material properties (and to all land, buildings, fixtures and improvements located thereon) owned by it, including valid and marketable fee simple title to any Eligible Real Property (except as sold or otherwise disposed of in the ordinary course of business as permitted by the terms of this Agreement or such defects in title as could not, either individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on the conduct of the business of the Company and its Subsidiaries (taken as a whole)), free and clear of all Liens, other than Permitted Liens.”
(t) Amendment to Section 9.01(h) of the Credit Agreement . Section 9.01(h) of the Credit Agreement shall be amended and restated in its entirety to read as follows:
“(h) Borrowing Base Certificate. (i) On the Effective Date, (ii) unless clause (iii) below applies, not later than 5:00 P.M. (New York City time) on or before the 20th day (or, solely with respect to the first three fiscal months of the Company after the Effective Date, the 25th day) of each fiscal month thereafter, (iii) during any period in which a Weekly Borrowing Base Period is in effect, not later than 5:00 P.M. (New York City time) on or before the third Business Day of each week, (iv) at the time of the consummation of any Asset Sale (other than a sale of Inventory in the ordinary course of business) involving Eligible Accounts, Eligible Inventory, and/or Eligible Machinery and Equipment and/or Eligible Real Property with an aggregate value in excess of $25,000,000 and (v) within five Business Days after any Recovery Event involving Eligible Inventory, Eligible Machinery and Equipment and/or Eligible Real Property with an aggregate value of $25,000,000 or more, a borrowing base certificate setting forth each Borrowing Base (in each case with supporting calculations in reasonable detail) substantially in the form of Exhibit O (each, a “ Borrowing Base Certificate ”), which shall be prepared (A) as of April 30, 2015 in the case of the initial Borrowing Base Certificate and (B) as of the last Business Day of the preceding fiscal month of the Company in the case of each subsequent Borrowing Base Certificate (or, if any such Borrowing Base Certificate is delivered more frequently than monthly, as of the last Business Day of the week preceding such delivery); provided that any Borrowing Base Certificate delivered pursuant to preceding clauses (iv) and (v) shall be prepared on a pro forma basis to
include or exclude, as applicable, any Eligible Accounts, Eligible Inventory, Eligible Machinery and Equipment or Eligible Real Property the subject of any such event. Notwithstanding the foregoing, (x) the Company may, at any time, provide (or shall, at the request of the Administrative Agent, provide on the date of such request) a Borrowing Base Certificate updating the Borrowing Base with respect to Eligible Cash and Cash Equivalents as of the date of delivery of such Borrowing Base Certificate, (y) the Company may, within 10 Business Days of any Real Property becoming Eligible Real Property, update the Borrowing Base with respect to such Eligible Real Property and (z) the Company may, within 10 Business Days of the execution of any Belgian law register pledge agreement and perfection of the Liens granted thereunder under Belgian law, update the Borrowing Base with respect to Eligible In-Transit Inventory in-transit to Belgium and Eligible Inventory within Belgium. Each Borrowing Base Certificate delivered pursuant to this Agreement shall include such supporting information as may be reasonably requested from time to time by the Administrative Agent.”
(u) Amendment to Section 9.01(j) of the Credit Agreement . Section 9.01(j) of the Credit Agreement shall be amended by inserting the following new sentence immediately prior to the last sentence thereof:
“At the request of the Administrative Agent at any time during an Additional Appraisal/Exam Period (which request shall not be made more than one time during each fiscal year of the Company), the Company shall assist the Administrative Agent in procuring an Acceptable Appraisal in respect of the Eligible Real Property of the U.S. Borrowers; provided that any time that any Event of Default exists, the Company shall assist the Administrative Agent in procuring an Acceptable Appraisal in respect of the Eligible Real Property of the U.S. Borrowers as often as the Administrative Agent may reasonably require.”
(v) Amendment to Section 9.02 of the Credit Agreement . Section 9.02 of the Credit Agreement shall be amended by deleting the text “and/or Eligible Machinery and Equipment” and replacing it with the text “, Eligible Machinery and Equipment and/or Eligible Real Property”.
(w) Amendment to Section 9.03(b)(i) of the Credit Agreement . Section 9.03(b)(i) of the Credit Agreement shall be amended by deleting the text “lender loss payee and/or additional insured” and replacing it with the text “lender loss payee, mortgagee and/or additional insured, as applicable”.
(x) Amendment to Section 9.03(c) of the Credit Agreement . Section 9.03(c) of the Credit Agreement shall be amended and restated in its entirety to read as follows:
“If at any time the improvements on any Mortgaged Property are located in an area identified as a special flood hazard area by the Federal Emergency Management Agency or any successor thereto or other applicable agency, the Company will, and will cause the applicable Credit Party to, at all times keep and maintain flood insurance in an amount reasonably satisfactory to the Administrative Agent but in no event less than the amount sufficient to comply with the Flood Insurance Laws.”
(y) Amendment to Section 9.12(a) of the Credit Agreement . Section 9.12(a) of the Credit Agreement shall be amended by (i) deleting the text “real property surveys (in the case of Mortgaged Properties)” and replacing it with the text “Real Property Surveys”, (ii) deleting the text “title insurance (in the case of Mortgaged Properties)” and replacing it with the text “Title Policies”, (iii) deleting the text “the States of the United States” and replacing it with the text” the States and territories
of the United States” and (iv) inserting the text “Belgium,” immediately following the text “the Netherlands,”.
(z) Amendment to Section 9.12(b) of the Credit Agreement . Section 9.12(b) of the Credit Agreement shall be amended by (i) replacing each use of the word “appraisals” therein with the words “Real Property Appraisals” and (ii) deleting the text “Credit Parties will, at their own expense, provide to the Administrative Agent” and replacing it with the text “Credit Parties will assist the Administrative Agent in procuring and be financially responsible for the procurement of”.
(aa) Amendment to Section 12.01(a) of the Credit Agreement. Section 12.01(a) of the Credit Agreement shall be amended by inserting the following new sentence at the end thereof:
“For the purposes of the Belgian law Security Documents, the Lenders and the Secured Creditors (i) appoint the Administrative Agent as their representative in accordance with Article 5 of the Belgian Act of 15 December 2004 on financial collateral arrangements and several tax dispositions in relation to security collateral arrangements and loans of financial instruments and Article 3 of Title XVII of Book III of the Belgian Civil Code and (ii) agree that the Administrative Agent shall not be severally and jointly liable with the Lenders and the Secured Creditors.”
(bb) Amendment to Section 12.10 of the Credit Agreement . Section 12.10 of the Credit Agreement shall be amended by adding the following new clause (e) at the end thereof:
“(e) The Lenders authorize the Administrative Agent to promptly upon the request of the Company, and the Administrative Agent and the Lenders hereby agree with the Company to promptly, release the Mortgage and Lien on any Eligible Real Property so long as (i) no Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, (ii) after giving effect to such release Excess Availability is not less than 20% of Availability then in effect and (iii) the Credit Parties are not required to provide a Lien on such Eligible Real Property pursuant to Section 9.12. Upon such release, such Real Property shall no longer constitute Eligible Real Property, and shall not be included in the U.S. Borrowing Base until such time, if any, that the requirements set forth in the definition of Eligible Real Property have been satisfied with respect thereto.”
(cc) Amendment to Section 12 of the Credit Agreement . Section 12 of the Credit Agreement shall be amended by adding the following new Section 12.13 at the end thereof:
“12.13 Real Property Appraisal . At the request of the Company, the Administrative Agent shall obtain, at the sole cost and expense of the Company, promptly upon request, a Real Property Appraisal.”
(dd) Amendment to Section 13 of the Credit Agreement . Section 13 of the Credit Agreement shall be amended by adding the following new Section 13.23 at the end thereof:
“13.23 MIRE Events . Each of the parties hereto acknowledges and agrees that, solely in the event that there are any Mortgaged Properties at the time of any increase, extension or renewal of any of the Commitments or Loans (including the provision of Incremental Commitments or any other incremental credit facilities hereunder, but excluding (i) any continuation or conversion of borrowings, (ii) the making of any Revolving Loans or (iii) the issuance, renewal, extension, amendment or modification of Letters of Credit) shall be subject to (and conditioned upon) delivery of all flood hazard determination certifications and, if otherwise required by this Credit Agreement, evidence of flood insurance and other flood-related documentation with respect to such Mortgaged Properties as required by Flood Insurance Laws and as otherwise reasonably requested by the Administrative Agent or the Lenders (through the Administrative Agent). The Administrative Agent shall provide notice to the Lenders of any such delivery prior to the consummation of such event.”
(ee) |
Amendment to Exhibit O of the Credit Agreement . Exhibit O of the Credit Agreement shall be amended by replacing such Exhibit with the form Exhibit attached hereto as Annex I. |
Section 3. Conditions. This Amendment shall become effective on the date on which the following conditions precedent have been satisfied or waived (the date on which such conditions shall have been so satisfied or waived, the “ Amendment Effective Date ”):
(a) The Administrative Agent shall have received a counterpart of this Amendment, executed and delivered by the Credit Parties, the Administrative Agent and the Supermajority Lenders.
(b) Each of the representations and warranties made by the Credit Parties in or pursuant to the Credit Agreement or in or pursuant to the other Credit Documents shall be true and correct in all material respects (except that any representation and warranty that is qualified or subject to “materiality”, “Material Adverse Effect” or similar language shall be true and correct in all respects) on and as of the Amendment Effective Date as if made on and as of such date except for such representations and warranties expressly stated to be made as of an earlier date (in which case such representations and warranties shall be true and correct in all material respects as of such earlier date).
(c) No Default or Event of Default shall exist on the Amendment Effective Date.
(d) The Administrative Agent shall have received an officer’s certificate from an Authorized Officer of the Company and dated as of the Amendment Effective Date, certifying that each condition set forth in Sections 3(b) and (c) hereof have been satisfied on and as of the Amendment Effective Date.
Section 4. Representations and Warranties, etc . The Borrowers hereby confirm, reaffirm and restate that each of the representations and warranties made by any Credit Party in the Credit Documents is true and correct in all material respects on and as of the Amendment Effective Date (it being understood and agreed that (x) any representation or warranty which by its terms is made as of a specified date shall be required to be true and correct in all material respects only as of such specified date and (y) any representation or warranty that is qualified by “materiality”, “Material Adverse Effect” or similar language shall be true and correct in all respects). The Borrowers represent and warrant that, immediately after giving effect to the occurrence of the Amendment Effective Date, no Default or Event of Default has occurred and is continuing. The Borrowers represent and warrant that each Credit Party (i) has the Business power and authority to execute, deliver and perform the terms and provisions of this Amendment and has taken all necessary Business action to authorize the execution, delivery and performance by such Credit Party thereof and (ii) has duly executed and delivered this Amendment, and
that this Amendment constitutes a legal, valid and binding obligation of the Borrowers enforceable against each Borrower in accordance with its terms, except as enforceability may be limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or similar laws affecting the enforcement of creditors’ rights generally and by general equitable principles (whether enforcement is sought by proceedings in equity or at law).
Section 5. Reaffirmation . Each Guarantor and each Credit Party hereby agrees that (i) all of its Obligations under the Credit Documents shall remain in full force and effect on a continuous basis after giving effect to this Amendment and (ii) each Credit Document is ratified and affirmed in all respects.
Section 6. Governing Law. This Amendment and the rights of the parties hereunder shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York (without regard to conflicts of law principles that would result in the application of any law other than the law of the State of New York).
Section 7. Effect of This Amendment. Except as expressly set forth herein, this Amendment shall not by implication or otherwise limit, impair, constitute a waiver of or otherwise affect the rights and remedies of any Lender or Agent under the Credit Agreement or any other Credit Document, and shall not alter, modify, amend or in any way affect any of the terms, conditions, obligations, covenants or agreements contained in the Credit Agreement or any other Credit Document, all of which are ratified and affirmed in all respects and shall continue in full force and effect. Nothing herein shall be deemed to entitle any party to a consent to, or a waiver, amendment, modification or other change of, any of the terms, conditions, obligations, covenants or agreements contained in the Credit Agreement or any other Credit Document in similar or different circumstances.
Section 8. Counterparts. This Amendment may be signed in any number of counterparts, each of which shall be an original, with the same effect as if the signatures thereto and hereto were upon the same instrument. Delivery of an executed signature page of this Amendment by facsimile transmission or electronic transmission (e.g., “pdf” or “tif”) shall be effective as delivery of a manually executed counterpart hereof.
Section 9. Miscellaneous. This Amendment shall constitute a Credit Document for all purposes of the Credit Agreement. The Borrowers shall pay all reasonable fees, costs and expenses of the Administrative Agent incurred in connection with the negotiation, preparation and execution of this Amendment and the transactions contemplated hereby.
[ remainder of page intentionally left blank ]
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Amendment to be duly executed as of the date first above written.
TESLA, INC. |
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By: |
/s/ Deepak Ahuja |
Name: Deepak Ahuja Title: Chief Financial Officer |
TESLA MOTORS NETHERLANDS B.V. |
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By: |
/s/ Marc Cerda |
Name: Marc Cerda Title: Managing Director |
DEUTSCHE BANK AG NEW YORK BRANCH , as Administrative Agent, Collateral Agent, Swingline Lender and a Lender |
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By: |
/s/ Marguerite Sutton |
Name: Marguerite Sutton Title: Vice President
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By: |
/s/ Alicia Schug |
Name: Alicia Schug Title: Vice President
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[Ninth Amendment – Signature Page]
[Ninth Amendment – Signature Page]
[Ninth Amendment – Signature Page]
[Ninth Amendment – Signature Page]
[Ninth Amendment – Signature Page]
By: |
/s/ Emanuel Ma |
Name: Emanuel Ma Title: Vice President |
[Ninth Amendment – Signature Page]
By: |
/s/ Edward D. Herko |
Name: Edward D. Herko Title: Authorized Signatory |
[Ninth Amendment – Signature Page]
By: |
/s/ Robert M. Dalton |
Name: Robert M. Dalton Title: Senior Vice President |
[Ninth Amendment – Signature Page]
[Ninth Amendment – Signature Page]
By: |
/s/ Krista Mize |
Name: Krista Mize Title: Authorized Signatory |
[Ninth Amendment – Signature Page]
EXHIBIT O
Form of Borrowing Base Certificate
[See attached]
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Inventory - SMS |
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Gross adjusted inventory |
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$ |
- |
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$ |
- |
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Ineligible |
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- |
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- |
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Eligible |
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$ |
- |
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$ |
- |
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Advance rate (85% NOLV) |
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Vehicle availability |
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$ |
- |
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$ |
- |
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Inventory - other finished |
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Gross adjusted inventory |
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$ |
- |
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$ |
- |
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Ineligible |
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- |
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- |
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Eligible |
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$ |
- |
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$ |
- |
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Advance rate (85% NOLV) |
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Other finished availability |
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$ |
- |
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$ |
- |
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Inventory - Powerwall |
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Gross adjusted inventory |
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$ |
- |
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$ |
- |
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Ineligible |
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- |
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- |
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Eligible |
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$ |
- |
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$ |
- |
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Advance rate (85% NOLV) |
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Energy availability |
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$ |
- |
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$ |
- |
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Inventory - Powerpack |
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Gross adjusted inventory |
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$ |
- |
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$ |
- |
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Ineligible |
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- |
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- |
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Eligible |
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$ |
- |
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$ |
- |
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Advance rate (85% NOLV) |
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Energy availability |
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$ |
- |
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$ |
- |
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Inventory - parts |
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Gross adjusted inventory |
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$ |
- |
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$ |
- |
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$ |
- |
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$ |
- |
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Ineligible |
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- |
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- |
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- |
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- |
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Eligible |
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$ |
- |
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$ |
- |
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$ |
- |
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$ |
- |
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Advance rate (85% NOLV) |
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Parts availability |
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$ |
- |
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$ |
- |
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$ |
- |
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$ |
- |
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Net accounts receivable availability |
$ |
- |
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$ |
- |
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Total inventory availability |
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$ |
- |
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$ |
- |
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$ |
- |
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$ |
- |
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Summary borrowing base ($000s) |
Tesla U.S. |
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Tesla BV |
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Total |
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Net accounts receivable availability |
$ |
- |
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$ |
- |
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Net inventory availability |
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- |
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- |
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Reserves |
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- |
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- |
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Working capital availability |
$ |
- |
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$ |
- |
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$ |
- |
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M&E (85% NOLV), net of amortization |
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- |
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- |
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- |
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Maximum PP&E |
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Fremont Real Estate (75% of FMV) |
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- |
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- |
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- |
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Real estate 10.01(b)I reserves greater than 30 DPD |
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- |
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- |
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- |
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PP&E cap reserve |
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- |
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- |
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- |
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$ |
- |
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Net working capital and PP&E availability |
$ |
- |
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$ |
- |
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$ |
- |
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0 |
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$ |
- |
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$ |
- |
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$ |
- |
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Eligible Cash and Cash Equivalents |
$ |
- |
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$ |
- |
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$ |
- |
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0 |
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Total borrowing base |
$ |
- |
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$ |
- |
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$ |
- |
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Balance as of: |
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[ ] |
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0 |
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Revolver Cap |
$ |
- |
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$ |
- |
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$ |
- |
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Lower of Borrowing Base or Revolver Cap |
$ |
- |
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$ |
- |
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$ |
- |
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Funded revolver |
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- |
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- |
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- |
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Balance as of: |
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[ ] |
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Letters of credit |
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- |
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- |
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- |
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Balance as of: |
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[ ] |
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Other |
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- |
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- |
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- |
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Excess availability |
$ |
- |
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$ |
- |
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$ |
- |
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Designated cash |
$ |
- |
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Balance as of: |
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[ ] |
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By: ____________________________________ |
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Title: Treasurer |
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Exhibit 10.4
AMENDMENT NO. 2
TO
AMENDED AND RESTATED LOAN AND SECURITY AGREEMENT
THIS AMENDMENT NO. 2 TO AMENDED AND RESTATED LOAN AND SECURITY AGREEMENT (this “ Amendment ”), dated as of March 23, 2018, is entered into by and among TESLA 2014 WAREHOUSE SPV LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the “ Borrower ”), TESLA FINANCE LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“ TFL ”), the Lenders party hereto, the Group Agents party hereto, and DEUTSCHE BANK AG, NEW YORK BRANCH, as administrative agent (in such capacity, the “ Administrative Agent ”) and is made in respect of the Amended and Restated Loan and Security Agreement, dated as of August 17, 2017, as amended on October 18, 2017 (the “ Loan Agreement ”) among the Borrower, TFL, the Lenders party thereto, the Group Agents party thereto and the Administrative Agent. Defined terms used herein and not otherwise defined herein shall have the respective meanings given to them in the Loan Agreement as amended hereby.
WHEREAS, the Borrower, the Lenders, the Group Agents and the Administrative Agent have agreed to amend the Loan Agreement on the terms and conditions set forth herein;
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises set forth above, and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, the Borrower, the Lenders, the Group Agents and the Administrative Agent agree as follows:
1. Amendments to Loan Agreement . Effective as of the Amendment Effective Date (as defined below) and subject to the satisfaction of the conditions precedent set forth in Section 2 hereof:
(a) The preamble to the Loan Agreement is hereby amended as follows:
(i) Clause (iii) is amended by deleting the word “and” at the end of the clause.
(ii) The addition of the following as a new clause (iv)”
“(iv) DEUTSCHE BANK AG, NEW YORK BRANCH, as Administrative Agent; and”
(iii) Former clause (iv) is renumbered to be clause (v).
(b) Section 1.01 of the Loan Agreement is hereby amended by deleting the definition “Defaulted Lease” in its entirety and inserting in lieu thereof a new definition of “Defaulted Lease” reading in its entirety as follows:
“‘ Defaulted Lease ’ shall mean (x) any Lease for which an amount at least equal to 5% of any Monthly Lease Payment remains unpaid for more than 180 days from the original payment due date, or (y) with respect to any Lease that is delinquent less than 180 days, the Servicer has (i) determined, in accordance with the Credit and Collection Policy, that eventual
payment in full is unlikely, or (ii) repossessed the related Leased Vehicle, or (z) a Lease with respect to which the Servicer has received notification that the related Lessee is the subject of a bankruptcy proceeding. ”
(c) Section 1.01 of the Loan Agreement is hereby amended by deleting the definition “Delinquent Lease” in its entirety and inserting in lieu thereof the following definition of “Delinquent Lease” reading in its entirety as follows:
“‘ Delinquent Lease ’ shall mean a Lease which is not a Defaulted Lease and with respect to which an amount at least equal to 5% of any Monthly Lease Payment remains unpaid for more than 60 days from the original due date of such payment.”
(d) Section 1.01 of the Loan Agreement is hereby amended by amending the definition of “Eligible Lease” as follows:
(i) for clause (vii), deleting in subclause (B) the phrase “21 days” and inserting in lieu thereof the phrase “30 days”; and
(ii) for clause (xv), deleting clause (xv) in its entirety and inserting in lieu thereof the following new clause (xv) reading in its entirety as follows:
“(xv) the Lease is not (a) solely for the date of determination when such Lease is to be allocated to the Warehouse SUBI on a Warehouse SUBI Lease Allocation Date, a Lease for which, as of the related Cut-Off Date, an amount at least equal to 5% of any Monthly Lease Payment remains unpaid for more than 29 days, (b) a Delinquent Lease, (c) a Defaulted Lease or (d) a Lease as to which any of the payments shall have been waived (other than deferrals and waivers of late payment charges or fees owing to the Servicer as Supplemental Servicing Fees permitted under the Warehouse SUBI Servicing Agreement);”
(e) Section 1.01 of the Loan Agreement is amended by deleting the definition “Mark-to-Market MRM Residual Value” in its entirety and inserting in lieu thereof a new definition of “Mark-to-Market MRM Residual Value” reading in its entirety as follows:
“‘ Mark-to-Market MRM Residual Value ’ shall mean, with respect to any Warehouse SUBI Leased Vehicle and the related Lease, as of any date, the lesser of (i) the expected value of such Leased Vehicle at the related Lease Maturity Date using a residual value estimate produced by Automotive Lease Guide (assuming that the vehicle is in “average” condition) based on the “Maximum Residualizable MSRP,” which consists of the MSRP of the typically equipped vehicle and value adding options, giving only partial credit or no credit for those options that add little or no value to the resale price of the vehicle, calculated as of the last day of the calendar month immediately preceding the most recent Mark to Market Adjustment Date prior to and, if applicable, including such date and (ii) the residual value estimate produced by Automotive Lease Guide (based as above) calculated as of the contract date of the related Lease; provided , however , that if the contract date of the related Lease for a Warehouse SUBI Lease is after the last day of the calendar month immediately preceding the most recent Mark to Market Adjustment Date, as of any date, then the initial Mark-to-Market MRM Residual Value for such Warehouse SUBI
2
Lease shall be equal to the amount in clause (ii) above; provided further , however , that for an Extended Lease (a) the amount in clause (ii) above shall be adjusted downward by the total amount of additional scheduled principal payments in the extended term and (b) until the next Mark to Market Adjustment Date after the date such Lease becomes an Extended Lease, the amount in clause (i) above shall be adjusted downward by the total amount of additional scheduled principal payments in the extended term . ”
(f) Section 1.01 of the Loan Agreement is hereby amended by deleting the definition “Securitization Take-Out Price” in its entirety and inserting in lieu thereof a new definition of “Securitization Take-Out Price” reading in its entirety as follows:
“‘ Securitization Take-Out Price ’ shall mean, with respect to Warehouse SUBI Leases reallocated to the UTI or another special unit of beneficial interest in the Trust pursuant to a Securitization Take-Out, the amount by which the Loan Balance must be reduced such that, after giving effect to the related Securitization Take-Out, the Loan Balance does not exceed the Maximum Loan Balance.”
(g) Section 2.09 of the Loan Agreement is hereby amended as follows:
(i) in clause (b), deleting the phrase “or another SUBI (including the LML SUBI)” and inserting in lieu thereof the phrase “or another special unit of beneficial interest in the Trust”;
(ii) in subclause (b)(ii), inserting the phrase “or another special unit of beneficial interest in the Trust” immediately after the phrase “and the related Leased Vehicles to the UTI”; and
(iii) in subclause (b)(iii), deleting the term “a Trust Account” and inserting in lieu thereof the phrase “the Collection Account or the Reserve Account”
(h) Exhibit F to the Loan Agreement is hereby amended and restated in its entirety as set forth on Exhibit F to this Amendment.
2. Conditions Precedent . This Amendment shall become effective as of the date hereof (the “ Amendment Effective Date ”) upon satisfaction or waiver of the following conditions precedent:
(a) the receipt by the Administrative Agent or its counsel of counterpart signature pages to this Amendment;
(b) no Default, Event of Default or Potential Servicer Default shall have occurred or be continuing, the Termination Date shall not have occurred and no Event of Bankruptcy shall have occurred with respect to TFL or Tesla, Inc.; and
(c) the Administrative Agent and each Group Agent shall have received such other documents, instruments and agreements as the Administrative Agent or such Group Agent may have reasonably requested.
3
3. Representations and Warranties of the Borrower . The Borrower hereby represents and warrants to the Administrative Agent, each Group Agent and each Lender as of the date hereof that:
(a) This Amendment and the Loan Agreement, as amended hereby, constitute the legal, valid and binding obligations of the Borrower and are enforceable against the Borrower in accordance with their respective terms, except as such enforcement may be limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization or other similar laws relating to or limiting creditors’ rights generally and by general principles of equity (regardless of whether enforcement is sought in a proceeding in equity or at law).
(b) Upon the effectiveness of this Amendment, the Borrower hereby affirms that all representations and warranties made by it in Article IV of the Loan Agreement, as amended, are correct in all material respects on the date hereof as though made as of the effective date of this Amendment, unless and to the extent that any such representation and warranty is stated to relate solely to an earlier date, in which case such representation and warranty shall have been true and correct in all material respects as of such earlier date.
(c) As of the date hereof, no Default, Event of Default or Potential Servicer Default shall have occurred or be continuing, the Termination Date shall not have occurred and no Event of Bankruptcy shall have occurred with respect to TFL or Tesla, Inc.
4. Reference to and Effect on the Loan Agreement .
(a) Upon the effectiveness of Section 1 hereof, each reference in the Loan Agreement to “this Agreement”, “hereunder”, “hereof”, “herein” or words of like import shall mean and be a reference to the Loan Agreement as amended hereby.
(b) The Loan Agreement, as amended hereby, and all other documents, instruments and agreements executed and/or delivered in connection therewith, shall remain in full force and effect until hereafter terminated in accordance with their respective terms, and the Loan Agreement and such documents, instruments and agreements are hereby ratified and confirmed.
(c) Except as expressly provided herein, the execution, delivery and effectiveness of this Amendment shall not operate as a waiver of any right, power or remedy of the Administrative Agent, any Agent or any Lender, nor constitute a waiver of any provision of the Loan Agreement or any other documents, instruments and agreements executed and/or delivered in connection therewith.
5. Costs and Expenses . The Borrower agrees to pay all reasonable and actual costs, fees, and out‑of‑pocket expenses (including the reasonable attorneys’ fees, costs and expenses of Sidley Austin LLP, counsel to the Administrative Agent, the Group Agents and the Lenders) incurred by the Administrative Agent, each Group Agent and each Lender in connection with the preparation, execution and enforcement of this Amendment.
6. GOVERNING LAW . THIS AMENDMENT SHALL BE GOVERNED BY, AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH, THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK
4
WITHOUT REFERENCE TO ITS CONFLICTS OF LAWS PROVISIONS (OTHER THAN SECTIONS 5-1401 AND 5-1402 OF THE NEW YORK GENERAL OBLIGATIONS LAW).
7. Headings . Section headings in this Amendment are included herein for convenience of reference only and shall not constitute a part of this Amendment for any other purpose.
8. Counterparts . This Amendment may be executed by one or more of the parties to the Amendment on any number of separate counterparts and all of said counterparts taken together shall be deemed to constitute one and the same instrument. Delivery of an executed counterpart of a signature page to this Amendment by facsimile (transmitted by telecopier or by email) shall be effective as delivery of a manually executed counterpart of this Amendment.
Remainder of page left intentionally blank
5
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have caused this Amendment to be duly executed and delivered by their duly authorized signatories as of the date first above written.
TESLA 2014 WAREHOUSE SPV LLC,
as Borrower
By: /s/ Radford Small
Name: Radford Small
Title: Chief Financial Officer/Treasurer
Signature Page to Amendment No. 2 to Amended and Restated Loan and Security Agreement
DEUTSCHE BANK AG, NEW YORK BRANCH ,
as Administrative Agent, as a Group Agent and as
a Committed Lender
By: /s/ Kevin Fagan
Name: Kevin Fagan
Title: Vice President
By: /s/ Katherine Bologna
Name: Katherine Bologna
Title: Managing Director
Signature Page to Amendment No. 2 to Amended and Restated Loan and Security Agreement
as a Group Agent and as a Committed Lender
By: /s/ Brian Chin
Name: Brian Chin
Title: Vice President
CAFCO LLC,
as Conduit Lender
By: Citib ank, N.A., as Attorney-in-Fact
By: /s/ Brian Chin
Name: Brian Chin
Title: Vice President
CHARTA LLC,
as Conduit Lender
By: Citibank, N.A., as Attorney-in-Fact
By: /s/ Brian Chin
Name: Brian Chin
Title: Vice President
Signature Page to Amendment No. 2 to Amended and Restated Loan and Security Agreement
CIESCO LLC,
as Conduit Lender
By: Citibank, N.A., as Attorney-in-Fact
By: /s/ Brian Chin
Name: Brian Chin
Title: Vice President
CRC FUNDING LLC,
as Conduit Lender
By: Citibank, N.A., as Attorney-in-Fact
By: /s/ Brian Chin
Name: Brian Chin
Title: Vice President
Signature Page to Amendment No. 2 to Amended and Restated Loan and Security Agreement
BANK OF AMERICA, N.A.,
as a Group Agent and as a Committed Lender
By: /s/ Carl W. Anderson
Name: Carl W. Anderson
Title: Managing Director
Signature Page to Amendment No. 2 to Amended and Restated Loan and Security Agreement
ROYAL BANK OF CANADA,
as a Group Agent and as a Committed Lender
By: /s/ Angela Nimoh-Etsiakoh
Name: Angela Nimoh-Etsiakoh
Title: Authorized Signatory
By: /s/ Sofia Shields
Name: Sofia Shields
Title: Authorized Signatory
LAKESHORE TRUST,
as a Conduit Lender
By: /s/ Nur Khan
Name: Nur Khan
Title: Authorized Signatory
Signature Page to Amendment No. 2 to Amended and Restated Loan and Security Agreement
CREDIT SUISSE AG, NEW YORK BRANCH ,
as a Group Agent
By: /s/ Patrick Duggan
Name: Patrick Duggan
Title: Vice President
By: /s/ Erin McCutcheon
Name: Erin McCutcheon
Title: Director
CREDIT SUISSE AG, CAYMAN ISLANDS BRANCH,
as a Committed Lender
By: /s/ Patrick Duggan
Name: Patrick Duggan
Title: Authorized Signatory
By: /s/ Erin McCutcheon
Name: Erin McCutcheon
Title: Authorized Signatory
GIFS CAPITAL COMPANY LLC,
as a Conduit Lender
By: /s/ R. Scott Chisholm
Name: R. Scott Chisholm
Title: Authorized Signer
Signature Page to Amendment No. 2 to Amended and Restated Loan and Security Agreement
BARCLAYS BANK PLC,
as a Group Agent
By: /s/ John McCarthy
Name: John McCarthy
Title: Director
SALISBURY RECEIVABLES COMPANY LLC,
as a Conduit Lender
By: Barclays Bank PLC, as attorney-in-fact
By: /s/ John McCarthy
Name: John McCarthy
Title: Director
Signature Page to Amendment No. 2 to Amended and Restated Loan and Security Agreement
Form of Notice of Securitization Take-Out
[Date]
Deutsche Bank AG, New York Branch
as Administrative Agent
60 Wall Street, 5
th
Floor
New York, New York 10005
Attention: Katherine Bologna
Attention:
|
Re: |
Amended and Restated Loan and Security Agreement (Warehouse SUBI Certificate) dated as of August 17, 2017(as amended, supplemented or otherwise modified and in effect from time to time, the “ Agreement ”), among Tesla 2014 Warehouse SPV LLC, as Borrower (the “ Borrower ”), Tesla Finance LLC, the Lenders and the Group Agents party thereto from time to time, and Deutsche Bank AG, New York Branch, as Administrative Agent (“ Administrative Agent ”) |
Ladies and Gentlemen:
This is a Notice of Securitization Take-Out delivered pursuant to the Agreement. Capitalized terms used in this Notice of Securitization Take-Out but not otherwise defined herein shall have the respective meanings assigned to such terms in the Agreement.
The Borrower hereby notifies the Administrative Agent that it intends to effect a Securitization Take-Out on the Securitization Take-Out Date of _______, 20__ [ Insert date which may be no fewer than 5 Business Days after the date of this Notice ].
The Securitization Take-Out Price for the Securitization Take-Out is estimated to be $ .
Signature Page to Amendment No. 2 to Amended and Restated Loan and Security Agreement
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, Borrower has caused this Notice of Securitization Take-Out to be executed and delivered by its duly authorized officer as of the date first above written.
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Very truly yours,
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By: |
|
Name: |
|
Title: |
Signature Page to Amendment No. 2 to Amended and Restated Loan and Security Agreement
Exhibit 10.5
AMENDMENT NO. 2
TO
LOAN AND SECURITY AGREEMENT
THIS AMENDMENT NO. 2 TO LOAN AND SECURITY AGREEMENT (this “ Amendment ”), dated as of March 23, 2018, is entered into by and among LML WAREHOUSE SPV, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the “ Borrower ”), the Lenders party hereto, the Group Agents party hereto, and DEUTSCHE BANK AG, NEW YORK BRANCH, as administrative agent (in such capacity, the “ Administrative Agent ”) and is made in respect of the Loan and Security Agreement, dated as of August 17, 2017, as amended on October 18, 2017 (the “ Loan Agreement ”) among the Borrower, Tesla Finance LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“ TFL ”), the Lenders party thereto, the Group Agents party thereto and the Administrative Agent. Defined terms used herein and not otherwise defined herein shall have the respective meanings given to them in the Loan Agreement as amended hereby.
WHEREAS, the Borrower, the Lenders, the Group Agents and the Administrative Agent have agreed to amend the Loan Agreement on the terms and conditions set forth herein;
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises set forth above, and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, the Borrower, the Lenders, the Group Agents and the Administrative Agent agree as follows:
1. Amendments to Loan Agreement . Effective as of the Amendment Effective Date (as defined below) and subject to the satisfaction of the conditions precedent set forth in Section 2 hereof:
(a) The preamble to the Loan Agreement is hereby amended as follows:
(i) Clause (iii) is amended by deleting the word “and” at the end of the clause.
(ii) The addition of the following as a new clause (iv)”
“(iv) DEUTSCHE BANK AG, NEW YORK BRANCH, as Administrative Agent; and”
(iii) Former clause (iv) is renumbered to be clause (v).
(b) Section 1.01 of the Loan Agreement is hereby amended by deleting the definition “Defaulted Lease” in its entirety and inserting in lieu thereof a new definition of “Defaulted Lease” reading in its entirety as follows:
“‘ Defaulted Lease ’ shall mean (x) any Lease for which an amount at least equal to 5% of any Monthly Lease Payment remains unpaid for more than 180 days from the original payment due date, or (y) with respect to any Lease that is delinquent less than 180 days, the Servicer has (i) determined, in accordance with the Credit and Collection Policy, that eventual payment in full is unlikely, or (ii) repossessed the related Leased Vehicle, or (z) a Lease with
respect to which the Servicer has received notification that the related Lessee is the subject of a bankruptcy proceeding. ”
(c) Section 1.01 of the Loan Agreement is hereby amended by deleting the definition “Delinquent Lease” in its entirety and inserting in lieu thereof the following definition of “Delinquent Lease” reading in its entirety as follows:
“‘ Delinquent Lease ’ shall mean a Lease which is not a Defaulted Lease and with respect to which an amount at least equal to 5% of any Monthly Lease Payment remains unpaid for more than 60 days from the original due date of such payment.”
(d) Section 1.01 of the Loan Agreement is hereby amended by amending the definition of “Eligible Lease” as follows:
(i) for clause (vii ), deleting in subclause (B) the phrase “21 days” and inserting in lieu thereof the phrase “30 days”; and
(ii) for clause (xv), deleting clause (xv) in its entirety and inserting in lieu thereof the following new clause (xv) reading in its entirety as follows:
“(xv) the Lease is not (a) solely for the date of determination when such Lease is to be allocated to the Warehouse SUBI on a Warehouse SUBI Lease Allocation Date, a Lease for which, as of the related Cut-Off Date, an amount at least equal to 5% of any Monthly Lease Payment remains unpaid for more than 29 days, (b) a Delinquent Lease, (c) a Defaulted Lease or (d) a Lease as to which any of the payments shall have been waived (other than deferrals and waivers of late payment charges or fees owing to the Servicer as Supplemental Servicing Fees permitted under the Warehouse SUBI Servicing Agreement);”
(e) Section 1.01 of the Loan Agreement is hereby amended by amending clause (iii) of the definition of “Excess Concentration Amount” deleting the reference to “March 15, 2018” and inserting in lieu thereof “March 31, 2018”.
(f) Section 1.01 of the Loan Agreement is amended by deleting the definition “Mark-to-Market MRM Residual Value” in its entirety and inserting in lieu thereof a new definition of “Mark-to-Market MRM Residual Value” reading in its entirety as follows:
“‘ Mark-to-Market MRM Residual Value ’ shall mean, with respect to any Warehouse SUBI Leased Vehicle and the related Lease, as of any date, the lesser of (i) the expected value of such Leased Vehicle at the related Lease Maturity Date using a residual value estimate produced by Automotive Lease Guide (assuming that the vehicle is in “average” condition) based on the “Maximum Residualizable MSRP,” which consists of the MSRP of the typically equipped vehicle and value adding options, giving only partial credit or no credit for those options that add little or no value to the resale price of the vehicle, calculated as of the last day of the calendar month immediately preceding the most recent Mark to Market Adjustment Date prior to and, if applicable, including such date and (ii) the residual value estimate produced by Automotive Lease Guide (based as above) calculated as of the contract date of the related Lease; provided , however ,
2
that if the contract date of the related Lease for a Warehouse SUBI Lease is after the last day of the calendar month immediately preceding the most recent Mark to Market Adjustment Date, as of any date, then the initial Mark-to-Market MRM Residual Value for such Warehouse SUBI Lease shall be equal to the amount in clause (ii) above; provided further , however , that for an Extended Lease (a) the amount in clause (ii) above shall be adjusted downward by the total amount of additional scheduled principal payments in the extended term and (b) until the next Mark to Market Adjustment Date after the date such Lease becomes an Extended Lease, the amount in clause (i) above shall be adjusted downward by the total amount of additional scheduled principal payments in the extended term . ”
(g) Section 1.01 of the Loan Agreement is hereby amended by deleting the definition “Securitization Take-Out Price” in its entirety and inserting in lieu thereof a new definition of “Securitization Take-Out Price” reading in its entirety as follows:
“‘ Securitization Take-Out Price ’ shall mean, with respect to Warehouse SUBI Leases reallocated to the UTI or another pursuant to a Securitization Take-Out, the amount by which the Loan Balance must be reduced such that, after giving effect to the related Securitization Take-Out, the Loan Balance does not exceed the Maximum Loan Balance.”
(h) Section 2.09 of the Loan Agreement is hereby amended as follows:
(i) in subclause (b)(ii), inserting the phrase “or another SUBI (including the LML SUBI)” immediately after the phrase “and the related Leased Vehicles to the UTI”; and
(ii) in subclause (b)(iii), deleting the term “a Trust Account” and inserting in lieu thereof the phrase “the Collection Account or the Reserve Account”.
(i) Exhibit F to the Loan Agreement is hereby amended and restated in its entirety as set forth on Exhibit F to this Amendment.
2. Conditions Precedent . This Amendment shall become effective as of the date hereof (the “ Amendment Effective Date ”) upon satisfaction or waiver of the following conditions precedent:
(a) the receipt by the Administrative Agent or its counsel of counterpart signature pages to this Amendment;
(b) no Default, Event of Default or Potential Servicer Default shall have occurred or be continuing, the Termination Date shall not have occurred and no Event of Bankruptcy shall have occurred with respect to TFL or Tesla, Inc.; and
(c) the Administrative Agent and each Group Agent shall have received such other documents, instruments and agreements as the Administrative Agent or such Group Agent may have reasonably requested.
3
3. Representations and Warranties of the Borrower . The Borrower hereby represents and warrants to the Administrative Agent, each Group Agent and each Lender as of the date hereof that:
(a) This Amendment and the Loan Agreement, as amended hereby, constitute the legal, valid and binding obligations of the Borrower and are enforceable against the Borrower in accordance with their respective terms, except as such enforcement may be limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization or other similar laws relating to or limiting creditors’ rights generally and by general principles of equity (regardless of whether enforcement is sought in a proceeding in equity or at law).
(b) Upon the effectiveness of this Amendment, the Borrower hereby affirms that all representations and warranties made by it in Article IV of the Loan Agreement, as amended, are correct in all material respects on the date hereof as though made as of the effective date of this Amendment, unless and to the extent that any such representation and warranty is stated to relate solely to an earlier date, in which case such representation and warranty shall have been true and correct in all material respects as of such earlier date.
(c) As of the date hereof, no Default, Event of Default or Potential Servicer Default shall have occurred or be continuing, the Termination Date shall not have occurred and no Event of Bankruptcy shall have occurred with respect to TFL or Tesla, Inc.
4. Reference to and Effect on the Loan Agreement .
(a) Upon the effectiveness of Section 1 hereof, each reference in the Loan Agreement to “this Agreement”, “hereunder”, “hereof”, “herein” or words of like import shall mean and be a reference to the Loan Agreement as amended hereby.
(b) The Loan Agreement, as amended hereby, and all other documents, instruments and agreements executed and/or delivered in connection therewith, shall remain in full force and effect until hereafter terminated in accordance with their respective terms, and the Loan Agreement and such documents, instruments and agreements are hereby ratified and confirmed.
(c) Except as expressly provided herein, the execution, delivery and effectiveness of this Amendment shall not operate as a waiver of any right, power or remedy of the Administrative Agent, any Agent or any Lender, nor constitute a waiver of any provision of the Loan Agreement or any other documents, instruments and agreements executed and/or delivered in connection therewith.
5. Costs and Expenses . The Borrower agrees to pay all reasonable and actual costs, fees, and out‑of‑pocket expenses (including the reasonable attorneys’ fees, costs and expenses of Sidley Austin LLP, counsel to the Administrative Agent, the Group Agents and the Lenders) incurred by the Administrative Agent, each Group Agent and each Lender in connection with the preparation, review, execution and enforcement of this Amendment.
6. GOVERNING LAW . THIS AMENDMENT SHALL BE GOVERNED BY, AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH, THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK
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WITHOUT REFERENCE TO ITS CONFLICTS OF LAWS PROVISIONS (OTHER THAN SECTIONS 5-1401 AND 5-1402 OF THE NEW YORK GENERAL OBLIGATIONS LAW).
7. Headings . Section headings in this Amendment are included herein for convenience of reference only and shall not constitute a part of this Amendment for any other purpose.
8. Counterparts . This Amendment may be executed by one or more of the parties to the Amendment on any number of separate counterparts and all of said counterparts taken together shall be deemed to constitute one and the same instrument. Delivery of an executed counterpart of a signature page to this Amendment by facsimile (transmitted by telecopier or by email) shall be effective as delivery of a manually executed counterpart of this Amendment.
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have caused this Amendment to be duly executed and delivered by their duly authorized signatories as of the date first above written.
LML WAREHOUSE SPV, LLC,
as Borrower
By: /s/ Radford Small
Name: Radford Small
Title: Chief Financial Officer/Treasurer
Signature Page to Amendment No. 2 to Loan and Security Agreement
DEUTSCHE BANK AG, NEW YORK BRANCH,
as Administrative Agent, as a Group Agent and as
a Committed Lender
By: /s/ Kevin Fagan
Name: Kevin Fagan
Title: Vice President
By: /s/ Katherine Bologna
Name: Katherine Bologna
Title: Managing Director
Signature Page to Amendment No. 2 to Loan and Security Agreement
CITIBANK, N.A.,
as a Group Agent and as a Committed Lender
By: /s/ Brian Chin
Name: Brian Chin
Title: Vice President
CAFCO LLC,
as Conduit Lender
By: Citibank, N.A., as Attorney-in-Fact
By: /s/ Brian Chin
Name: Brian Chin
Title: Vice President
CHARTA LLC,
as Conduit Lender
By: Citibank, N.A., as Attorney-in-Fact
By: /s/ Brian Chin
Name: Brian Chin
Title: Vice President
Signature Page to Amendment No. 2 to Loan and Security Agreement
CIESCO LLC,
as Conduit Lender
By: Citibank, N.A., as Attorney-in-Fact
By: /s/ Brian Chin
Name: Brian Chin
Title: Vice President
CRC FUNDING LLC,
as Conduit Lender
By: Citibank, N.A., as Attorney-in-Fact
By: /s/ Brian Chin
Name: Brian Chin
Title: Vice President
Signature Page to Amendment No. 2 to Loan and Security Agreement
BANK OF AMERICA, N.A.,
as a Group Agent and as a Committed Lender
By: /s/ Carl W. Anderson
Name: Carl W. Anderson
Title: Managing Director
Signature Page to Amendment No. 2 to Loan and Security Agreement
ROYAL BANK OF CANADA,
as a Group Agent and as a Committed Lender
By: /s/ Angela Nimoh-Etsiakoh
Name: Angela Nimoh-Etsiakoh
Title: Authorized Signatory
By: /s/ Sofia Shields
Name: Sofia Shields
Title: Authorized Signatory
LAKESHORE TRUST,
as a Conduit Lender
By: /s/ Nur Khan
Name: Nur Khan
Title: Authorized Signatory
Signature Page to Amendment No. 2 to Loan and Security Agreement
CREDIT SUISSE AG, NEW YORK BRANCH,
as a Group Agent
By: /s/ Patrick Duggan
Name: Patrick Duggan
Title: Vice President
By: /s/ Erin McCutcheon
Name: Erin McCutcheon
Title: Director
CREDIT SUISSE AG, CAYMAN ISLANDS BRANCH,
as a Committed Lender
By: /s/ Patrick Duggan
Name: Patrick Duggan
Title: Authorized Signatory
By: /s/ Erin McCutcheon
Name: Erin McCutcheon
Title: Authorized Signatory
GIFS CAPITAL COMPANY LLC,
as a Conduit Lender
By: /s/ R. Scott Chisholm
Name: R. Scott Chisholm
Title: Authorized Signer
Signature Page to Amendment No. 2 to Loan and Security Agreement
BARCLAYS BANK PLC,
as a Group Agent
By: /s/ John McCarthy
Name: John McCarthy
Title: Director
SALISBURY RECEIVABLES COMPANY LLC,
as a Conduit Lender
By: Barclays Bank PLC, as attorney-in-fact
By: /s/ John McCarthy
Name: John McCarthy
Title: Director
Signature Page to Amendment No. 2 to Loan and Security Agreement
Form of Notice of Securitization Take-Out
[Date]
Deutsche Bank AG, New York Branch
as Administrative Agent
60 Wall Street, 5
th
Floor
New York, New York 10005
Attention: Katherine Bologna
Attention:
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Re: |
Loan and Security Agreement (Warehouse SUBI Certificate) dated as of August 17, 2017(as amended, supplemented or otherwise modified and in effect from time to time, the “ Agreement ”), among LML Warehouse SPV, LLC, as Borrower (the “ Borrower ”), Tesla Finance LLC, the Lenders and the Group Agents party thereto from time to time, and Deutsche Bank AG, New York Branch, as Administrative Agent (“ Administrative Agent ”) |
Ladies and Gentlemen:
This is a Notice of Securitization Take-Out delivered pursuant to the Agreement. Capitalized terms used in this Notice of Securitization Take-Out but not otherwise defined herein shall have the respective meanings assigned to such terms in the Agreement.
The Borrower hereby notifies the Administrative Agent that it intends to effect a Securitization Take-Out on the Securitization Take-Out Date of _______, 20__ [ Insert date which may be no fewer than 5 Business Days after the date of this Notice ].
The Securitization Take-Out Price for the Securitization Take-Out is estimated to be $ .
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, Borrower has caused this Notice of Securitization Take-Out to be executed and delivered by its duly authorized officer as of the date first above written.
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Very truly yours,
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By: |
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Name: |
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Title: |
Exhibit 31.1
RULE 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) CERTIFICATION
I, Elon Musk, certify that:
1. |
I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Tesla, Inc.; |
2. |
Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report; |
3. |
Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report; |
4. |
The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have: |
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(a) |
Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared; |
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(b) |
Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles; |
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(c) |
Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and |
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(d) |
Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and |
5. |
The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s Board of Directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions): |
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(a) |
All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and |
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(b) |
Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting. |
Date: May 4, 2018 |
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/s/ Elon Musk |
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Elon Musk |
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Chief Executive Officer |
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(Principal Executive Officer) |
Exhibit 31.2
RULE 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) CERTIFICATION
I, Deepak Ahuja, certify that:
1. |
I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Tesla, Inc.; |
2. |
Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report; |
3. |
Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report; |
4. |
The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have: |
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(a) |
Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared; |
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(b) |
Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles; |
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(c) |
Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and |
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(d) |
Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and |
5. |
The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s Board of Directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions): |
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(a) |
All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and |
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(b) |
Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting. |
Date: May 4, 2018 |
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/s/ Deepak Ahuja |
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Deepak Ahuja |
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Chief Financial Officer |
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(Principal Financial Officer) |
Exhibit 32.1
SECTION 1350 CERTIFICATIONS
I, Elon Musk, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, that, to my knowledge, the Quarterly Report of Tesla, Inc. on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended March 31, 2018, (i) fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and (ii) that the information contained in such Form 10-Q fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of Tesla, Inc.
Date: May 4, 2018 |
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/s/ Elon Musk |
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Elon Musk |
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Chief Executive Officer |
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(Principal Executive Officer) |
I, Deepak Ahuja, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, that, to my knowledge, the Quarterly Report of Tesla, Inc. on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended March 31, 2018, (i) fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and (ii) that the information contained in such Form 10-Q fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of Tesla, Inc.
Date: May 4, 2018 |
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/s/ Deepak Ahuja |
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Deepak Ahuja |
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Chief Financial Officer |
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(Principal Financial Officer) |