UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

Form 10-Q

 

QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2018

OR

TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from                   to                  

Commission file number 1-38517

 

RETAIL VALUE INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

 

Ohio

 

82-4182996

(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)

 

(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)

 

3300 Enterprise Parkway, Beachwood, Ohio 44122

(Address of principal executive offices - zip code)

(216) 755-5500

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

 

(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes       No  

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    Yes       No  

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

 

Large accelerated filer

 

  

Accelerated filer

 

 

 

 

 

Non-accelerated filer

 

  (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)

  

Smaller reporting company

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Emerging growth company

 

 

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.  

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes       No  

 

As of July 31, 2018, the registrant had 18,465,046 outstanding common shares, $0.10 par value per share.

 

 

 

 


 

Retail Value Inc.

QUARTERLY REPORT ON FORM 10-Q

QUARTER ENDED June 30, 2018

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

 

Item 1.

Financial Statements - Unaudited

 

 

Combined Balance Sheets as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017

2

 

Combined Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss for the Three Months Ended June 30, 2018 and 2017

3

 

Combined Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2018 and 2017

4

 

Combined Statement of Equity for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2018

5

 

Combined Statements of Cash Flows for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2018 and 2017

6

 

Notes to Condensed Combined Financial Statements

7

Item 2.

Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

18

Item 3.

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

34

Item 4.

Controls and Procedures

35

 

 

 

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

 

Item 1.

Legal Proceedings

36

Item 1A.

Risk Factors

36

Item 2.

Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

36

Item 3.

Defaults Upon Senior Securities

36

Item 4.

Mine Safety Disclosures

36

Item 5.

Other Information

36

Item 6.

Exhibits

37

 

 

 

SIGNATURES

38

 

 

 

1

 


 

Retail Value Inc.

COMBINED BALANCE SHEETS

(Unaudited, In thousands)  

 

 

June 30, 2018

 

 

December 31, 2017

 

Assets

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Land

$

689,386

 

 

$

717,584

 

Buildings

 

1,813,456

 

 

 

1,932,495

 

Fixtures and tenant improvements

 

196,539

 

 

 

195,138

 

 

 

2,699,381

 

 

 

2,845,217

 

Less: Accumulated depreciation

 

(720,103

)

 

 

(699,288

)

 

 

1,979,278

 

 

 

2,145,929

 

Construction in progress

 

20,663

 

 

 

4,656

 

Total real estate assets, net

 

1,999,941

 

 

 

2,150,585

 

Cash and cash equivalents

 

22,110

 

 

 

8,283

 

Restricted cash

 

73,276

 

 

 

35

 

Accounts receivable, net

 

33,844

 

 

 

33,336

 

Property insurance receivable

 

49,202

 

 

 

60,293

 

Intangible assets

 

54,525

 

 

 

67,495

 

Other assets, net

 

8,663

 

 

 

6,575

 

 

$

2,241,561

 

 

$

2,326,602

 

Liabilities and Equity

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Parent Company unsecured debt

$

 

 

$

813,308

 

Mortgage indebtedness

 

1,241,805

 

 

 

320,844

 

Total indebtedness

 

1,241,805

 

 

 

1,134,152

 

Accounts payable and other liabilities

 

120,448

 

 

 

101,986

 

Total liabilities

 

1,362,253

 

 

 

1,236,138

 

Commitments and contingencies (Note 8)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Redeemable preferred equity

 

190,000

 

 

 

 

Equity

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

RVI Predecessor equity

 

689,308

 

 

 

1,090,464

 

Total equity

 

689,308

 

 

 

1,090,464

 

 

$

2,241,561

 

 

$

2,326,602

 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed combined financial statements.

 

2

 


 

Retail Value Inc.

COMBINED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE LOSS

(Unaudited, In thousands)

 

 

Three Months

 

 

Ended June 30,

 

 

2018

 

 

2017

 

Revenues from operations:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Minimum rents

$

51,366

 

 

$

58,241

 

Percentage and overage rents

 

793

 

 

 

611

 

Recoveries from tenants

 

18,625

 

 

 

19,624

 

Other income

 

5,090

 

 

 

2,740

 

Business interruption income

 

3,100

 

 

 

 

 

 

78,974

 

 

 

81,216

 

Rental operation expenses:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Operating and maintenance

 

12,531

 

 

 

12,568

 

Real estate taxes

 

9,677

 

 

 

9,517

 

Management fees

 

3,462

 

 

 

3,420

 

Impairment charges

 

15,060

 

 

 

 

Hurricane property loss

 

187

 

 

 

 

General and administrative

 

4,484

 

 

 

4,546

 

Depreciation and amortization

 

24,072

 

 

 

30,351

 

 

 

69,473

 

 

 

60,402

 

Other expense:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Interest expense

 

(18,144

)

 

 

(21,640

)

Debt extinguishment costs

 

(1,970

)

 

 

 

Transaction costs

 

(28,240

)

 

 

 

Other expense, net

 

 

 

 

(1

)

 

 

(48,354

)

 

 

(21,641

)

Loss before tax expense

 

(38,853

)

 

 

(827

)

Tax expense

 

(4,082

)

 

 

(148

)

Loss from continuing operations

 

(42,935

)

 

 

(975

)

Gain on disposition of real estate, net

 

13,096

 

 

 

 

Net loss

$

(29,839

)

 

$

(975

)

Comprehensive loss

$

(29,839

)

 

$

(975

)

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed combined financial statements.

3

 


 

Retail Value Inc.

COMBINED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE LOSS

(Unaudited, In thousands)

 

 

Six Months Ended

 

 

June 30

 

 

2018

 

 

2017

 

Revenues from operations:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Minimum rents

$

102,967

 

 

$

116,194

 

Percentage and overage rents

 

1,870

 

 

 

1,479

 

Recoveries from tenants

 

37,345

 

 

 

40,095

 

Other income

 

7,952

 

 

 

5,003

 

Business interruption income

 

5,100

 

 

 

 

 

 

155,234

 

 

 

162,771

 

Rental operation expenses:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Operating and maintenance

 

24,608

 

 

 

25,443

 

Real estate taxes

 

19,571

 

 

 

19,338

 

Management fees

 

6,819

 

 

 

6,972

 

Impairment charges

 

48,680

 

 

 

8,600

 

Hurricane property loss

 

868

 

 

 

 

General and administrative

 

7,638

 

 

 

11,042

 

Depreciation and amortization

 

50,144

 

 

 

60,529

 

 

 

158,328

 

 

 

131,924

 

Other expense:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Interest expense

 

(37,584

)

 

 

(44,909

)

Debt extinguishment costs

 

(109,036

)

 

 

 

Transaction costs

 

(33,325

)

 

 

 

Other expense, net

 

(3

)

 

 

(1

)

 

 

(179,948

)

 

 

(44,910

)

Loss before tax expense

 

(183,042

)

 

 

(14,063

)

Tax expense

 

(4,210

)

 

 

(281

)

Loss from continuing operations

 

(187,252

)

 

 

(14,344

)

Gain on disposition of real estate, net

 

13,096

 

 

 

447

 

Net loss

$

(174,156

)

 

$

(13,897

)

Comprehensive loss

$

(174,156

)

 

$

(13,897

)

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed combined financial statements

4

 


 

Retail Value Inc.

COMBINED STATEMENT OF EQUITY

(Unaudited, In thousands)

 

 

 

RVI

Predecessor

(Deficit) Equity

 

 

Balance, December 31, 2017

 

$

1,090,464

 

 

Net transactions with DDR

 

 

(227,000

)

 

Net loss

 

 

(174,156

)

 

Balance, June 30, 2018

 

$

689,308

 

 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed combined financial statements.

 

5

 


 

Retail Value Inc.

COMBINED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(Unaudited, In thousands)

 

 

 

 

Six Months Ended June 30,

 

 

 

2018

 

 

2017

 

 

Cash flow from operating activities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net loss

$

(174,156

)

 

$

(13,897

)

 

Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash flow provided by operating activities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Depreciation and amortization

 

50,144

 

 

 

60,529

 

 

Amortization and write-off of above- and below- market leases, net

 

(928

)

 

 

(5,119

)

 

Amortization and write-off of debt issuance costs and fair market value of debt adjustments

 

14,556

 

 

 

317

 

 

Gain on disposition of real estate

 

(13,096

)

 

 

(447

)

 

Impairment charges

 

48,680

 

 

 

8,600

 

 

Loss on debt extinguishment

 

97,077

 

 

 

 

 

Interest rate hedging activities

 

(4,538

)

 

 

 

 

Assumption of building due to ground lease termination

 

(2,150

)

 

 

 

 

Valuation allowance of prepaid taxes

 

3,991

 

 

 

 

 

Net change in accounts receivable

 

(4,664

)

 

 

921

 

 

Net change in accounts payable and other liabilities

 

15,472

 

 

 

(3,525

)

 

Net change in other operating assets

 

(1,556

)

 

 

489

 

 

Total adjustments

 

202,988

 

 

 

61,765

 

 

Net cash flow provided by operating activities

 

28,832

 

 

 

47,868

 

 

Cash flow from investing activities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Real estate improvements to operating real estate

 

(20,461

)

 

 

(10,720

)

 

Proceeds from disposition of real estate

 

100,347

 

 

 

 

 

Hurricane property insurance advance proceeds

 

20,193

 

 

 

 

 

Net cash flow provided by (used for) investing activities

 

100,079

 

 

 

(10,720

)

 

Cash flow from financing activities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Proceeds from Parent Company unsecured debt, net of discounts and loan costs

 

 

 

 

149,801

 

 

Repayment of Parent Company unsecured debt

 

(899,880

)

 

 

(151,279

)

 

Proceeds from mortgage debt

 

1,350,000

 

 

 

 

 

Repayment of mortgage debt

 

(421,344

)

 

 

(5,193

)

 

Payment of debt issuance costs

 

(32,755

)

 

 

 

 

Net transactions with DDR

 

(37,864

)

 

 

(24,800

)

 

Net cash flow used for financing activities

 

(41,843

)

 

 

(31,471

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net increase in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash

 

87,068

 

 

 

5,677

 

 

Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of period

 

8,318

 

 

 

11,024

 

 

Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period

$

95,386

 

 

$

16,701

 

 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed combined financial statements.

 

6

 


 

Notes to Condensed Combi ned Financial Statements

1.

Nature of Business

On July 1, 2018, DDR Corp. (“DDR” or the “Manager”) completed the separation of Retail Value Inc., an Ohio corporation formed in December 2017 that owns and operates a portfolio of 48 real estate assets that included 36 continental U.S. assets and 12 Puerto Rico assets (collectively, “RVI” the “RVI Predecessor” or the “Company”), into an independent public company. RVI’s properties comprised 16 million square feet of gross leasable area (“GLA”) and are located in 17 states and Puerto Rico.

In connection with the separation from DDR, on July 1, 2018, the Company and DDR entered into a separation and distribution agreement (the “Separation and Distribution Agreement”), pursuant to which, among other things, DDR agreed to transfer properties and certain related assets, liabilities and obligations to RVI, and to distribute 100% of the outstanding common shares of RVI to holders of record of DDR’s common shares as of the close of business on June 26, 2018, the record date. On July 1, 2018, holders of DDR’s common shares received one common share of RVI for every ten shares of DDR common stock held on the record date.  In connection with the separation from DDR, DDR retained 1,000 shares of RVI’s series A preferred stock having an aggregate dividend preference equal to $190 million, which amount may increase by up to an additional $10 million depending on the amount of aggregate gross proceeds generated by RVI asset sales (Note 7).

On July 1, 2018, the Company and DDR also entered into an external management agreement which, together with various property management agreement, governs the fees, terms and conditions pursuant to which DDR will manage RVI and its properties.  DDR will provide RVI with day-to-day management, subject to supervision and certain discretionary limits and authorities granted by the RVI Board, and the Company is not expected to have any employees.  In general, either DDR or RVI may terminate the management agreements on December 31, 2019, or at the end of any six-month renewal period thereafter.  DDR and RVI also entered into a tax matters agreement which governs the rights and responsibilities of the parties following the separation from DDR with respect to various tax matters, and provides for the allocation of tax-related assets, liabilities and obligations.

The Company intends to elect to be treated as a Real Estate Investment Trust (“REIT”) for U.S. federal income tax purposes, commencing with the taxable year ending December 31, 2018, and intends to maintain its status as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes in future periods.

Through June 30, 2018, the Company is operated as one segment, which owns, operates and finances shopping centers. The tenant base of the Company primarily includes national and regional retail chains and local retailers. Consequently, the Company’s credit risk is concentrated in the retail industry.

2.

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying historical condensed combined financial statements and related notes of the Company do not represent the balance sheet, statement of operations and cash flows of a legal entity, but rather a combination of entities under common control that have been “carved-out” of DDR’s consolidated financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“U.S. GAAP”). All intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in combination. The preparation of these combined financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the dates of the combined financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

These combined financial statements reflect the revenues and direct expenses of the RVI Predecessor and include material assets and liabilities of DDR that are specifically attributable to the Company. RVI Predecessor equity in these combined financial statements represents the excess of total assets over total liabilities. RVI Predecessor equity is impacted by contributions from and distributions to DDR, which are the result of treasury activities and net funding provided by or distributed to DDR prior to the separation from DDR, as well as the allocated costs and expenses described below. The combined financial statements also include the consolidated results of certain of the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiaries, as applicable. All significant inter-company balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

The combined financial statements include the revenues and direct expenses of the RVI Predecessor. Certain direct costs historically paid by the properties but contracted through DDR include, but are not limited to, management fees, insurance, compensation costs and out-of-pocket expenses directly related to the management of the properties (Note 10). Further, the combined financial statements include an allocation of indirect costs and expenses incurred by DDR related to the Company, primarily consisting of compensation and other general and administrative costs that have been allocated using the relative percentage of property revenue of the Company and DDR management’s knowledge of the Company. In addition, the combined financial

7

 


 

statements reflect interest expense on DDR unsecured debt, excluding debt that is specifically attributable to the Company (Note 5); interest expense was allocated by calculating the unencumbered net assets of each property held by the Company as a percentage of DDR’s total consolidated unencumbered net assets and multiplying that percentage by the interest expense on DDR unsecured debt. Included in the allocation of General and Administrative expenses for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, are employee separation charges aggregating $1.1 million and $ 3.7  million , respectively, related to DDR’s management transition and staffing reduction. The amounts allocated in the accompanying combined financi al statements are not necessarily indicative of the actual amount of such indirect expenses that would have been recorded had the RVI Predecessor been a separate independent entity. DDR believes the assumptions underlying DDR’s allocation of indirect expe nses are reasonable.

The Company will seek to realize value for its shareholders through operations and asset sales. However, these combined financial statements are presented on a going concern basis and, consequently, no adjustments to the combined financial statements have been made.

Unaudited Interim Financial Statements

These combined financial statements have been prepared by the Company in accordance with GAAP for interim financial information and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission. Accordingly, they do not include all information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. However, in the opinion of management, the interim financial statements include all adjustments, consisting of only normal recurring adjustments, necessary for a fair statement of the results of the periods presented. The results of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the full year.  These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s condensed combined financial statements and notes thereto included in Amendment No. 1 to the Company’s Form 10 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 14, 2018.  

3.

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Statements of Cash Flows and Supplemental Disclosure of Non-Cash Investing and Financing Information

Non-cash investing and financing activities are summarized as follows (in millions):

 

 

Six Months

 

 

Ended June 30,

 

 

2018

 

 

2017

 

Accounts payable related to construction in progress

$

10.1

 

 

$

2.2

 

Receivable and reduction of real estate assets, net - related to hurricane

 

6.1

 

 

 

 

Assumption of building due to ground lease termination

 

2.2

 

 

 

 

New Accounting Standards Adopted

Revenue Recognition

On January 1, 2018, the Company adopted the new accounting guidance for Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“Topic 606”) using the modified retrospective approach. The guidance has been applied to contracts that were not completed as of the date of the initial application. The core principle of this standard is that an entity recognizes revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. Most significantly for the real estate industry, leasing transactions are not within the scope of the new standard.  A majority of the Company’s tenant-related revenue is recognized pursuant to lease agreements and will be governed by the leasing guidance (Topic 842) and there are no material revenue streams within the scope of Topic 606.  The adoption of this standard did not have a material impact to the Company’s combined financial statements at adoption and for the six months ended June 30, 2018.

Real Estate Sales

On January 1, 2018, the Company adopted Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2017-05, Other Income-Gains and Losses from the Derecognition of Nonfinancial Assets (“Topic 610”). Topic 610 provides that sales of nonfinancial assets, such as real estate, are to be recognized when control of the asset transfers to the buyer, which will occur when the buyer has the ability to direct the use of, or obtain substantially all of the remaining benefits from, the asset. This generally occurs when the transaction closes and consideration is exchanged for control of the asset. The Company adopted Topic 610 using the modified retrospective approach for

8

 


 

contracts that are not completed as of the date of initial application. The adoption of this standard did not have a material impact to the Company’s combined financial statements.

New Accounting Standards to Be Adopted

Accounting for Leases

In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842). The amendments in this update govern a number of areas including, but not limited to, accounting for leases, replacing the existing guidance in ASC No. 840, Leases . Under this standard, among other changes in practice, a lessee’s rights and obligations under most leases, including existing and new arrangements, would be recognized as assets and liabilities, respectively, on the balance sheet. Other significant provisions of this standard include (i) defining the “lease term” to include the non-cancelable period together with periods for which there is a significant economic incentive for the lessee to extend or not terminate the lease, (ii) defining the initial lease liability to be recorded on the balance sheet to contemplate only those variable lease payments that depend on an index or that are in substance “fixed,” (iii) a dual approach for determining whether lease expense is recognized on a straight-line or accelerated basis, depending on whether the lessee is expected to consume more than an insignificant portion of the leased asset’s economic benefits and (iv) a requirement to bifurcate certain lease and non-lease components. The lease standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018 (including interim periods within those fiscal years), with early adoption permitted. The Company will adopt the standard using the modified retrospective approach for financial statements issued after January 1, 2019.

The Company is in the process of evaluating the impact that the adoption of ASU No. 2016-02 will have on its combined financial statements and disclosures. The Company has currently identified several areas within its accounting policies it believes could be impacted by the new standard, including where the Company is a lessor under its tenant lease agreements and a lessee under its ground leases. The Company may have a change in presentation on its combined statements of operations with regards to Recoveries from Tenants, which includes reimbursements from tenants for certain operating expenses, real estate taxes and insurance. The Company also has certain lease arrangements with its tenants for space at its shopping centers in which the contractual amounts due under the lease by the lessee are not allocated between the rental and expense reimbursement components (“Gross Leases”). The aggregate revenue earned under Gross Leases is presented as Minimum rents in the combined statements of operations. In July 2018, the FASB approved targeted improvements to the Leases standard that provides lessors with a practical expedient, by class of underlying asset, to avoid separating non-lease components from the lease component of certain contracts. Such practical expedient is limited to circumstances in which (i) the timing and pattern of transfer are the same for the non-lease component and the related lease component and (ii) the stand alone lease component would be classified as an operating lease if accounted for separately. The Company will elect the practical expedient which would allow the Company the ability to account for the combined component based on its predominant characteristics if the underlying asset meets the two criteria defined above.

In addition, the Company has ground lease agreements in which the Company is the lessee for land beneath all or a portion of the buildings at two shopping centers. Currently, the Company accounts for these arrangements as operating leases. Under the new standard, the Company will record its rights and obligations under these leases as a right of use asset and lease liability on its combined balance sheets. The Company is currently in the process of evaluating the inputs required to calculate the amount that will be recorded on its balance sheet for each ground lease. Lastly, this standard impacts the lessor’s ability to capitalize initial direct costs related to the leasing of vacant space. However, the Company does not believe this change regarding capitalization will have a material impact on its combined financial statements.

Accounting for Credit Losses

In June 2016, the FASB issued an amendment on measurement of credit losses on financial assets held by a reporting entity at each reporting date. The guidance requires the use of a new current expected credit loss ("CECL") model in estimating allowances for doubtful accounts with respect to accounts receivable, straight-line rents receivable and notes receivable. The CECL model requires that the Company estimate its lifetime expected credit loss with respect to these receivables and record allowances that, when deducted from the balance of the receivables, represent the estimated net amounts expected to be collected. This guidance is effective for fiscal years, and for interim reporting periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2019. The Company is in the process of evaluating the impact of this guidance.

9

 


 

4.

Other Assets and Intangibles

Other assets and intangibles consist of the following (in thousands):

 

 

June 30, 2018

 

 

December 31, 2017

 

Intangible assets:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

In-place leases, net

$

21,941

 

 

$

28,779

 

Above-market leases, net

 

2,823

 

 

 

3,640

 

Lease origination costs, net

 

3,267

 

 

 

4,203

 

Tenant relationships, net

 

26,494

 

 

 

30,873

 

Total intangible assets, net (A)

$

54,525

 

 

$

67,495

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Other assets:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Prepaid expenses, net (B)

$

3,557

 

 

$

6,247

 

Deposits

 

245

 

 

 

231

 

Other assets (C)

 

4,861

 

 

 

97

 

Total other assets, net

$

8,663

 

 

$

6,575

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Accounts payable and other liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Below-market leases, net (A)

$

(47,444

)

 

$

(53,399

)

(A)

In the event a tenant terminates its lease prior to the contractual expiration, the unamortized portion of the related intangible asset or liability is written off.

(B)

Includes Puerto Rico prepaid tax assets of $4.0 million at December 31, 2017, net of a valuation allowance of $11.3 million. In connection with the separation from DDR, the remaining $4.0 million prepaid tax asset was written off to Tax Expense in the Company’s combined statements of operations.

(C)

Includes $4.8 million fair value of an interest rate cap at June 30, 2018, related to the $1.35 billion mortgage loan entered into in February 2018 in connection with the separation from DDR (Note 5).

5.

Indebtedness

Mortgages Payable

On February 14, 2018, certain wholly-owned subsidiaries of the Company entered into a mortgage loan with an initial aggregate principal amount of $1.35 billion. The borrowers’ obligations to pay principal, interest and other amounts under the mortgage loan are evidenced by certain promissory notes executed by the borrowers, which are referred to collectively as the notes, which are secured by, among other things: (i) mortgages encumbering the borrowers’ respective continental U.S. properties (a total of an initial 38 properties); (ii) a pledge of the equity of the Company’s subsidiaries that own the 12 Puerto Rico properties and a pledge of rents and other cash flows, insurance proceeds and condemnation awards in connection with the 12 Puerto Rico properties; and (iii) a pledge of any reserves and accounts of any borrower. Subsequent to closing, the originating lenders placed the notes into a securitization trust that issued and sold mortgage-backed securities to investors.

The loan facility will mature on February 9, 2021, subject to two one-year extensions at borrowers’ option conditioned upon, among other items, (i) an event of default shall not be continuing, (ii) in the case of the first one-year extension option, evidence that the Debt Yield (as defined and calculated in accordance with the loan agreement, but which is the ratio of net operating income of the continental U.S. properties to the outstanding principal amount of the loan facility) equals or exceeds 11% and the ratio of the outstanding principal amount of the notes to the value of the continental U.S. properties (based on appraisal values determined at the time of the initial closing) is less than 50%, and (iii) in the case of the second one-year extension option, evidence that the Debt Yield equals or exceeds 12% and the loan-to-value ratio is less than 45%.

The initial weighted-average interest rate applicable to the notes is equal to one-month LIBOR plus a spread of 3.15% per annum, provided that such spread is subject to an increase of 0.25% per annum in connection with any exercise of the first extension option and an additional increase of 0.25% per annum in connection with any exercise of the second extension option. Borrowers are required to maintain an interest rate cap with respect to the principal amount of the notes having (i) during the initial three-year term of the loan, a LIBOR strike rate equal to 3.0% and (ii) with respect to any extension period, a LIBOR strike rate that would result in a

10

 


 

debt service cov erage ratio of 1.20x based on the continental U.S. properties. Mortgage-backed securities securitized by the notes were sold by the lenders to investors at a blended rate (prior to exercise of any extension option) of one-month LIBOR plus a spread of 2.91 % per annum; the spread paid by the Company increased to 3.15% per annum based on terms included in the originating lenders’ initial financing commitment to borrowers. Application of voluntary prepayments as described below may cause the weighted-average interest rate to increase over time.

The loan facility is structured as an interest only loan throughout the initial three-year term and any exercised extension options. As a result, so long as no Amortization Period (as described below) or event of default exists, any property cash flows available following payment of debt service and funding of certain required reserve accounts (including reserves for payment of real estate taxes, insurance premiums, ground rents, tenant improvements and capital expenditures), will be available to the borrowers to pay operating expenses and for other general corporate purposes. An Amortization Period will be deemed to commence in the event the borrowers fail to achieve a Debt Yield of 10.8% as of March 31, 2019, 11.9% as of September 30, 2019, 14.1% as of March 31, 2020 and 19.2% as of September 30, 2020. The Debt Yield as of February 14, 2018 was 9.8%. In the event an Amortization Period occurs, any property cash flows available following payment of debt service and the funding of certain reserve accounts (including the reserve accounts referenced above and additional reserves established for payment of approved operating expenses, DDR management fees, certain public company costs, certain taxes and the minimum cash portion of required REIT distributions) shall be applied to the repayment of the notes. During an Amortization Period, cash flow from the borrowers’ operations will only be made available to the Company to pay required REIT distributions in an amount equal to the minimum portion of required REIT distributions allowed by law to be paid in cash (20% as of June 30, 2018), with the remainder of required REIT distributions during an Amortization Period likely to be paid by the Company in shares of the Company’s common stock.

Subject to certain conditions described in the mortgage loan agreement, the borrowers may prepay principal amounts outstanding under the loan facility in whole or in part by providing (i) advance notice of prepayment to the lenders and (ii) remitting the prepayment premium described in the mortgage loan agreement. No prepayment premium is required with respect to any prepayments made after March 9, 2019. Additionally, no prepayment premium will apply to prepayments made in connection with permitted property sales. Each continental U.S. property has a portion of the original principal amount of the mortgage loan allocated to it. The amount of proceeds from the sale of an individual continental U.S. property required to be applied towards prepayment of the notes (i.e., the property’s “release price”), will depend upon the Debt Yield at the time of the sale as follows:

 

if the Debt Yield is less than or equal to 12.0%, the release price is the greater of (i) 100% of the property’s net sale proceeds and (ii) 110% of its allocated loan amount;

 

if the Debt Yield is greater than 12.0% but less than or equal to 15.0%, the release price is the greater of (i) 90% of the property’s net sale proceeds and (ii) 105% of its allocated loan amount; and

 

if the Debt Yield is greater than 15.0%, the release price is the greater of (i) 80% of the property’s net sale proceeds and (ii) 100% of its allocated loan amount.

To the extent the net cash proceeds from the sale of a continental U.S. property that are applied to repay the mortgage loan exceed the amount specified in applicable clause (ii) above with respect to such property, the excess may be applied by the Company as a credit against the release price applicable to future sales of continental U.S. properties.

Once the aggregate principal amount of the notes is less than $270.0 million, 100% of net proceeds from the sales of continental U.S. properties must be applied towards prepayment of the notes. Properties in Puerto Rico do not have allocated loan amounts or minimum release prices; all proceeds from sales of Puerto Rico properties are required to be used to prepay the notes, except that borrowers can obtain a release of all of the Puerto Rico properties for a minimum release price of $350.0 million.

Voluntary prepayments made by the borrowers (including prepayments made with proceeds from asset sales) up to $337.5 million in the aggregate will be applied ratably to the senior and junior tranches of the notes. All other prepayments (including prepayments made with property cash flows following commencement of any Amortization Period) will be applied to tranches of notes (i) absent an event of default, in descending order of seniority (i.e., such prepayments will first be applied to the most senior tranches of notes) and (ii) following any event of default, in such order as the loan servicer determines in its sole discretion. As a result, the Company expects that the weighted average interest rate of the notes will increase during the term of the loan facility.

In the event of a default, the contract rate of interest on the notes will increase to the lesser of (i) the maximum rate allowed by law, or (ii) the greater of (A) 4% above the interest rate otherwise applicable and (B) the Prime Rate (as defined in the mortgage loan) plus 1.0%. The notes contain other terms and provisions that are customary for instruments of this nature. In addition, the Company executed a certain environmental indemnity agreement and a certain guaranty agreement in favor of the lenders under which the

11

 


 

Company agreed to indemnify the lenders for certain environmental risks and guaranty the borrowers’ obligations under the exceptions to the non-recourse provisions in the mortgage loan agreement . The mortgage loan agreement includes representations, warranties, affirmative and restrictive covenants and other provisions customary for agreements of this nature. The mortgage loan agreement also includes customary events of default, including, amon g others, principal and interest payment defaults, and breaches of affirmative or negative covenants; the mortgage loan agreement does not contain any financial maintenance covenants. Upon the occurrence of an event of default, the lenders may avail thems elves of various customary remedies under the loan agreement and other agreements executed in connection therewith or applicable law, including accelerating the loan facility and realizing on the real property collateral or pledged collateral.

The proceeds from the loan were used to repay all of the Company’s outstanding mortgage indebtedness and Parent Company unsecured debt. In connection with the repayment of debt, the Company incurred $107.1 million of aggregate debt extinguishment costs. Included in this amount, are $70.9 million of make-whole premiums incurred related to the repayment of the Parent Company unsecured debt, $20.3 million of make-whole premiums incurred related to the repayment of the mortgage indebtedness, as well as the write off of unamortized deferred financing costs and the cost of a treasury rate lock.

At June 30, 2018, the mortgage balance outstanding was $1.27 billion. This mortgage was assumed in connection with the separation from DDR on July 1, 2018.

Allocated Parent Company Interest

Included in interest expense was $4.4 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 and $8.3 million and $16.5 million, respectively, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2017 of interest expense on DDR’s unsecured debt, excluding debt that was specifically attributable to RVI.  Interest expense was allocated by calculating the unencumbered net assets of each property held by RVI as a percentage of DDR’s total consolidated unencumbered net assets and multiplying that percentage by the interest expense on DDR unsecured debt (Note 2).

6.

Financial Instruments and Fair Value Measurements

The following methods and assumptions were used by the Company in estimating fair value disclosures of financial instruments:

Cash and Cash Equivalents, Restricted Cash, Accounts Receivable and, Accounts Payable and Other Liabilities

The carrying amounts reported in the Company’s combined balance sheets for these financial instruments approximated fair value because of their short-term maturities.

Debt

The fair market value of the Parent Company unsecured debt is determined using the trading price of DDR’s public debt. The fair market value for all other debt is estimated using a discounted cash flow technique that incorporates future contractual interest and principal payments and a market interest yield curve with adjustments for duration, optionality and risk profile, including the Company’s non-performance risk and loan to value. The Company’s Parent Company unsecured debt and all other debt are classified as Level 2 and Level 3, respectively, in the fair value hierarchy.

Considerable judgment is necessary to develop estimated fair values of financial instruments. Accordingly, the estimates presented are not necessarily indicative of the amounts the Company could realize on disposition of the financial instruments.

Debt instruments with carrying values that are different than estimated fair values are summarized as follows (in thousands):

 

 

June 30, 2018

 

 

December 31, 2017

 

 

Carrying

Amount

 

 

Fair

Value

 

 

Carrying

Amount

 

 

Fair

Value

 

Parent Company unsecured debt

$

 

 

$

 

 

$

813,308

 

 

$

841,440

 

Mortgage indebtedness

 

1,241,805

 

 

 

1,271,963

 

 

 

320,844

 

 

 

329,161

 

 

$

1,241,805

 

 

$

1,271,963

 

 

$

1,134,152

 

 

$

1,170,601

 

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Interest Rate Cap

In March 2018, the Company entered into a $1.35 billion interest rate cap, in connection with entering into the mortgage loan (Note 5). At June 30, 2018, the notional amount of the interest rate cap was $1.27 billion.  The fair value of the interest rate cap was $4.8 million at June 30, 2018, and was included in Other Assets. Changes in fair value are marked-to-market to earnings in Other Income (Expense). For the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, the Company recorded income of $0.4 million and $0.2 million, respectively.  The Company did not elect to apply hedge accounting related to the interest rate cap and has applied the guidance under economic hedging. As such, the Company has elected the policy to classify cash flows related to an economic hedge following the cash flows of the hedged item.

The Company’s objective in using interest rate derivatives is to manage its exposure to interest rate movements. The valuation of this instrument was determined using widely accepted valuation techniques including discounted cash flow analysis on the expected cash flows of the derivative. The Company determined that the significant inputs used to value this derivative fell within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy. To accomplish this objective, the Company generally uses interest rate instruments as part of its interest rate risk management strategy. The Company is exposed to credit risk in the event of non-performance by the counterparties. The Company believes it mitigates its credit risk by entering into these arrangements with major financial institutions. The Company continually monitors and actively manages interest costs on it variable-rate debt portfolio and may enter into additional interest rate positions or other derivative interest rate instruments based on market conditions. The Company has not entered, and does not plan to enter, into any derivative financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes.

7.

Preferred Stock

On June 30, 2018, the Company issued 1,000 shares of its series A preferred stock (the “RVI Preferred Shares”) to DDR, which are noncumulative and have no mandatory dividend rate.  The RVI Preferred Shares rank, with respect to dividend rights, and rights upon liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Company, senior in preference and priority to the Company’s common shares and any other class or series of the Company’s capital stock.  Subject to the requirement that the Company distribute to its common shareholders the minimum amount required to be distributed with respect to any taxable year in order for the Company to maintain its status as a REIT and to avoid U.S. federal income taxes, the RVI Preferred Shares will be entitled to a dividend preference for all dividends declared on the Company’s capital stock at any time up to a “preference amount” equal to $190 million in the aggregate, which amount may increase by up to an additional $10 million if the aggregate gross proceeds of the Company’s asset sales subsequent to July 1, 2018 exceeds $2.0 billion. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the RVI Preferred Shares are only entitled to receive dividends when, as and if declared by the Company’s board of directors and the Company’s ability to pay dividends is subject to any restrictions set forth in the terms of its indebtedness.  Upon payment to DDR of aggregate dividends on the RVI Preferred Shares equaling the maximum preference amount of $200 million, the RVI Preferred Shares are required to be redeemed by the Company for $1.00 per share.

 

Subject to the terms of any of the Company’s indebtedness, and unless prohibited by Ohio law governing distributions to stockholders, the RVI Preferred Shares must be redeemed upon (i) the Company’s failure to maintain its status as a REIT, (ii) any failure by the Company to comply with the terms of the RVI Preferred Shares or (iii) the consummation of any transaction (including, without limitation, any merger or consolidation) the result of which is that the Company sells, assigns, transfers, conveys or otherwise disposes of all or substantially all of its properties or assets, in one or more related transactions, to any person or entity or any person or entity, directly or indirectly, becomes the beneficial owner of 40% or more of the Company’s common shares, measured by voting power. The RVI Preferred Shares also contain restrictions on the Company’s ability to invest in joint ventures, acquire assets or properties, develop or redevelop real estate or make loans or advances to third parties.

 

The Company may redeem the RVI Preferred Shares, or any part thereof, at any time at a price payable per share calculated by dividing the number of RVI Preferred Shares outstanding on the redemption date into the difference of (x) $200 million minus (y) the aggregate amount of dividends previously distributed on the RVI Preferred Shares to be redeemed.  The RVI Preferred Stock is classified as Preferred Redeemable Equity outside of permanent Equity in the combined balance sheet due to the redemption provisions.

8 .

Commitments and Contingencies

Hurricane Loss

In 2017, Hurricane Maria made landfall in Puerto Rico. At June 30, 2018, the Company owned 12 assets in Puerto Rico, aggregating 4.4 million square feet of Company-owned GLA. One of the 12 assets (Plaza Palma Real, consisting of approximately 0.4 million of Company-owned GLA) was severely damaged and is currently not operational, except for one anchor tenant and a few

13

 


 

other tenants representing a minimal amount of Company-owned GLA. The other 11 assets sustained varying degrees of damage, co nsisting primarily of roof and HVAC system damage and water intrusion. With respect to the Company’s anchor spaces comprising greater than 25,000 square feet of GLA in Puerto Rico, 27, or 82% of such tenants, were open as of July 25, 2018, including all seven Walmart stores, a Sam’s Club, both Home Depot stores, all three Sears/Kmart stores and all five grocery stores (including Pueblo, Econo and Selectos Supermarket). Although some tenant spaces remain untenantable, as of July 25, 2018, 86 % of the Compa ny’s leased GLA in Puerto Rico was open for business, excluding Plaza Palma Real (or 82 % including Plaza Palma Real).

The Company has engaged various consultants to assist with the damage scoping assessment. The Company continues to work with its consultants to finalize the scope and schedule of work to be performed. Restoration work is underway at all of the shopping centers, including Plaza Palma Real. The Company anticipates that repairs will be substantially complete at all 12 properties by the third quarter of 2019. The timing and schedule of additional repair work to be completed are highly dependent upon any changes in the scope of work, as well as the availability of building materials, supplies and skilled labor.

The Company maintains insurance on its assets in Puerto Rico with policy limits of approximately $330 million for both property damage and business interruption. The Company’s insurance policies are subject to various terms and conditions, including a combined property damage and business interruption deductible of approximately $6.0 million. The Company expects that its insurance for property damage and business interruption claims will include the costs to clean up, repair and rebuild the properties, as well as lost revenue. Certain continental-U.S.-based anchor tenants maintain their own property insurance on their Company-owned premises and are expected to make the required repairs to their stores. The Company is unable to estimate the impact of potential increased costs associated with resource constraints in Puerto Rico relating to building materials, supplies and labor. The Company believes it maintains adequate insurance coverage on each of its properties and is working closely with the insurance carriers to obtain the maximum amount of insurance recovery provided under the policies. However, the Company can give no assurances as to the amounts of such claims, timing of payments and resolution of the claims.

As of June 30, 2018, the estimated net book value of the property damage written off for damage to the Company’s Puerto Rico assets was $78.8 million. However, the Company continues to assess the impact of the hurricane on its properties, and the final net book value write-offs could vary significantly from this estimate. Any changes to this estimate will be recorded in the periods in which they are determined.

The Company’s Property Insurance Receivable was $49.2 million at June 30, 2018, which represents estimated insurance recoveries related to the net book value of the property damage written off, as well as other expenses, as the Company believes it is probable that the insurance recovery, net of the deductible, will exceed the net book value of the damaged property. The outstanding receivable is recorded as Property Insurance Receivable on the Company’s combined balance sheet as of June 30, 2018. The Company received an additional $20.2 million toward the property damage portion of its insurance claim in the second quarter.

The Company’s business interruption insurance covers lost revenue through the period of property restoration and for up to 365 days following completion of restoration. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, rental revenues of $2.8 million and $6.6 million, respectively, were not recorded because of lost tenant revenue attributable to Hurricane Maria that has been partially defrayed by insurance proceeds. The Company will record revenue for covered business interruption in the period it determines that it is probable it will be compensated. This income recognition criteria will likely result in business interruption insurance proceeds being recorded in a period subsequent to the period that the Company experiences lost revenue from the damaged properties. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, the Company received insurance proceeds of approximately $3.1 million and $5.1 million, respectively, related to business interruption claims, which is recorded on the Company’s combined statements of operations as Business Interruption Income.

Pursuant to the terms of the Separation and Distribution Agreement in connection with the separation from DDR, DDR will be entitled to insurance claim proceeds for unreimbursed restoration costs incurred through June 30, 2018, as well as business interruption losses for the same period.  Business interruption proceeds will continue to be recorded to revenue in the period that it is determined that DDR will be compensated.  

Commitments and Guaranties

The Company has entered into agreements with general contractors related to its shopping centers aggregating commitments of approximately $20.6 million as of June 30, 2018.

14

 


 

9 .

Impairment Charges

DDR’s senior management recorded impairment charges on assets included in RVI Predecessor based on the difference between the carrying value of the assets and the estimated fair market value of $48.7 million and $8.6 million for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

The impairments recorded on eight assets during six months ended June 30, 2018 primarily were triggered by indicative bids received and changes in market assumptions due to the disposition process.  The impairments recorded during the three and six months ended June 30, 2017 primarily were triggered by changes in asset hold-period assumptions and/or expected future cash flows.

Items Measured at Fair Value on a Non-Recurring Basis

The valuation of impaired real estate assets and investments is determined using widely accepted valuation techniques including discounted cash flow analysis on the expected cash flows of each asset, as well as the income capitalization approach considering prevailing market capitalization rates, analysis of recent comparable sales transactions, actual sales negotiations and bona fide purchase offers received from third parties and/or consideration of the amount that currently would be required to replace the asset, as adjusted for obsolescence. In general, the Company considers multiple valuation techniques when measuring fair value of real estate. However, in certain circumstances, a single valuation technique may be appropriate.

For operational real estate assets, the significant assumptions included the capitalization rate used in the income capitalization valuation as well as the projected property net operating income. These valuation adjustments were calculated based on market conditions and assumptions made by DDR at the time the valuation adjustments and impairments were recorded, which may differ materially from actual results if market conditions or the underlying assumptions change.

The following table presents information about the Company’s impairment charges on nonfinancial assets that were measured on a fair value basis for the six months ended June 30, 2018. The table also indicates the fair value hierarchy of the valuation techniques used by DDR to determine such fair value (in millions).

 

 

 

 

Fair Value Measurements

 

 

 

Level 1

 

 

Level 2

 

 

Level 3

 

 

Total

 

 

Total Impairment Charges

 

Long-lived assets held and used

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

June 30, 2018

 

$

 

 

$

 

 

$

403.4

 

 

$

403.4

 

 

$

48.7

 

The following table presents quantitative information about the significant unobservable inputs used by DDR management to determine the fair value of non-recurring items (in millions):

 

 

 

Quantitative Information about Level 3 Fair Value Measurements

 

 

Fair Value at

 

 

 

 

 

 

Range

Description

 

June 30, 2018

 

 

Valuation Technique

 

Unobservable Inputs

 

2018

Impairment of combined assets

 

$

162.4

 

 

Indicative Bid (A)

 

Indicative Bid (A)

 

N/A

 

 

 

241.0

 

 

Income Capitalization

Approach

 

Market Capitalization

Rate

 

7.4%-9.3%

(A)

Fair value measurements based upon indicative bids were developed by third-party sources (including offers and comparable sales values), subject to DDR’s corroboration for reasonableness. The Company does not have access to certain unobservable inputs used by these third parties to determine these estimated fair values.

15

 


 

10 .

Transactions with Parent Company

The following table presents fees and other amounts charged to the Company by DDR for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 (in thousands):

 

 

Three Months

 

 

Six Months

 

 

Ended June 30,

 

 

Ended June 30,

 

 

2018

 

 

2017

 

 

2018

 

 

2017

 

Management fees (A)

$

3,462

 

 

$

3,420

 

 

$

6,819

 

 

$

6,972

 

Leasing commissions (B)

 

982

 

 

 

 

 

 

982

 

 

 

 

Insurance premiums (C)

 

1,047

 

 

 

1,000

 

 

 

2,084

 

 

 

2,009

 

Maintenance services and other (D)

 

518

 

 

 

624

 

 

 

1,085

 

 

 

1,231

 

Disposition fees (E)

 

1,058

 

 

 

 

 

 

1,058

 

 

 

 

 

$

7,067

 

 

$

5,044

 

 

$

12,028

 

 

$

10,212

 

(A)

Management fees are generally calculated based on a percentage of tenant cash receipts for each property pursuant to its property management arrangements.

(B)

Leasing commissions represent fees charged for the execution of the leasing of retail space.  Leasing commissions are included within Operating and Maintenance on the combined statements of operations.

(C)

DDR arranged for insurance coverage for the 38 properties in the continental U.S. from insurers authorized to do business in the United States, which provide liability and property coverage. The Company remitted to DDR insurance premiums associated with these insurance policies. Insurance premiums are included within Operating and Maintenance on the combined statements of operations.

(D)

Maintenance services represents amounts charged to the properties for the allocation of compensation and other benefits of personnel directly attributable to the management of the properties. Amounts are recorded in Operating and Maintenance on the combined statements of operations.

(E)

Disposition fees equal 1% of the gross sales price of each asset sold (two assets sold in the second quarter of 2018).

As of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the Company had amounts payable to DDR of $0.2 million in both periods.  The amounts are included within accounts payable and other liabilities, on the combined balance sheet and represent amounts owed to DDR for the services and fees discussed above.

Net Transactions with DDR shown in the combined statements of equity include contributions from and distributions to DDR, which are the result of treasury activities and net funding provided by or distributed to DDR prior to the separation from DDR in addition to the indirect costs and expenses allocated to RVI Predecessor by DDR as described in Note 2.

11. Subsequent Events

Asset Sales

From July 1, 2018 to August 1, 2018, the Company sold three shopping centers for $66.3 million.  Net proceeds were used to repay mortgage debt outstanding.

Credit Agreement

On July 2, 2018, the Company entered into a Credit Agreement (the “Revolving Credit Agreement”), among the Company, the lenders named therein and PNC Bank, National Association, as administrative agent (“PNC”).  The Revolving Credit Agreement provides for borrowings of up to $30 million. Borrowings under the Revolving Credit Agreement may be used by the Company for general corporate purposes and working capital.   The Company’s borrowings under the Revolving Credit Agreement bear interest at variable rates at the Company’s election, based on either (i) LIBOR plus a specified spread ranging from 1.05% to 1.50% depending on the Company’s Leverage Ratio (as defined in the Revolving Credit Agreement) or (ii) the Alternate Base Rate (as defined in the Revolving Credit Agreement) plus a specified spread ranging from 0.05% to 0.50% depending on the Company’s Leverage Ratio. The Company is also required to pay a facility fee on the aggregate revolving commitments at a rate per annum that ranges from 0.15% to 0.30% depending on the Company’s Leverage Ratio.

16

 


 

The Revolving Credit Agreement contains certain financial and operating covenants, including, among other things, a net worth covenant, as well as limitations on the Company’s ability to incur additional indebtedness and engage in mergers.  The Revolving Credit Agreement also contains customary default provisions including the failure to make timely payments of principal and interest, the failure to comply with financial and operating covenants, and the failure of the Company or its subsidiaries to pay, when due, certain indebtedness in excess of certain thresholds beyond applicable grace and cur e periods.

The Revolving Credit Agreement matures on the earliest to occur of (i) February 9, 2021, (ii) the date on which the External Management Agreement is terminated, (iii) the date on which DDR Asset Management, LLC or another wholly-owned subsidiary of DDR ceases to be the “Service Provider” under the External Management Agreement as a result of assignment or operation of law or otherwise,  and (iv) the date on which the principal amount outstanding under the Company’s $1.35 billion mortgage loan is repaid or refinanced.

The Company’s obligations under the Revolving Credit Agreement are guaranteed by DDR.  In consideration thereof, on July 2, 2018, the Company entered into a guaranty fee and reimbursement letter agreement with DDR pursuant to which the Company has agreed to pay to DDR the following amounts: (i) an annual guaranty commitment fee of 0.20% of the aggregate commitments under the Revolving Credit Agreement, (ii) for all times other than those referenced in clause (iii) below, when any amounts are outstanding under the Revolving Credit Agreement, an amount equal to 5.00% per annum times the average aggregate outstanding daily principal amount of such loans plus the aggregate stated average daily amount of outstanding letters of credit and (iii) in the event DDR pays any amounts to PNC pursuant to DDR’s guaranty and the Company fails to reimburse DDR for such amount within three business days, an amount in cash equal to the amount of such paid obligations plus default interest which will accrue from the date of such payment by DDR until repaid by the Company at a rate per annum equal to the sum of the LIBOR rate plus 8.50%.

17

 


 

Item 2.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis o f Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (“MD&A”) provides readers with a perspective from management on the Company’s financial condition, results of operations, liquidity and other factors that may affect the Company’s future results.  The Company believes it is important to read the MD&A in conjunction with Amendment No. 1 to the Company’s Form 10 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 14, 2018, as well as other publicly available information.

Executive Summary

Retail Value Inc. (“RVI” or the “Company”) (NYSE: RVI) is an Ohio company formed in December 2017 that owns and operates a portfolio of retail real estate assets located in the continental U.S. and Puerto Rico.  The Company intends to realize value for shareholders through the operations and sales of the Company’s assets.  Prior to the Company’s separation on July 1, 2018, the Company was a wholly owned subsidiary of DDR Corp. (“DDR” or the “Parent Company”).    

In order to consummate the Company’s separation from DDR, on July 1, 2018, the Company and DDR entered into a separation and distribution agreement (the “Separation and Distribution Agreement”), pursuant to which, among other things, DDR agreed to transfer properties and certain related assets, liabilities and obligations to RVI and to distribute 100% of the outstanding common shares of RVI to holders of record of DDR’s common shares as of the close of business on June 26, 2018, the record date. On July 1, 2018, the separation date, holders of DDR’s common shares received one common share of RVI for every ten shares of DDR common stock held on the record date.  In connection with the separation, DDR retained 1,000 shares of RVI’s series A preferred stock having an aggregate dividend preference equal to $190 million, which amount may increase by up to an additional $10 million depending on the amount of aggregate gross proceeds generated by RVI asset sales.  

As of June 30, 2018, the Company’s portfolio consisted of 36 continental U.S. assets located in 17 states and 12 Puerto Rico assets and totaled 16 million square feet of gross leasable area (“GLA”). The Company’s continental U.S. assets comprised 67% and the properties in Puerto Rico comprised 33% of its total combined revenue for the six-month period ended June 30, 2018. The Company’s centers have a diverse tenant base that include national retailers such as Walmart/Sam’s Club, Bed, Bath & Beyond, the TJX Companies (T.J. Maxx, Marshalls and HomeGoods), Best Buy, PetSmart, Ross Stores, Kohl’s, Dick’s Sporting Goods and Michaels. At June 30, 2018, the aggregate occupancy of the Company’s operating shopping center portfolio was 89.5%, and the average annualized base rent per occupied square foot was $15.30.

The Company sold the following assets from July 1, 2018 to August 1, 2018 (in thousands):

Date Sold

 

Property Name

 

City, State

 

Total Owned GLA

 

 

Sales Price

 

7/6/18

 

Tequesta Shoppes

 

Tequesta, FL

 

 

110

 

 

$

14,333

 

7/10/18

 

Lake Walden Square

 

Plant City, FL

 

 

244

 

 

 

29,000

 

8/1/18

 

East Lloyd Commons

 

Evansville, IN

 

 

160

 

 

 

23,000

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

514

 

 

$

66,333

 

In February 2018, the Company incurred $1.35 billion of mortgage financing. The Company expects to focus on realizing value in its portfolio through operations and sales of its assets, which had a combined gross book value of approximately $2.7 billion as of June 30, 2018. The Company primarily intends to use net asset sale proceeds to repay mortgage debt. In addition, pursuant to the Separation and Distribution Agreement, and subject to maintaining its status as a Real Estate Investment Trust (“REIT”), the Company has agreed to repay certain cash balances held in restricted accounts on the separation date in connection with the mortgage loan. The Company has agreed to pay these amounts to DDR as soon as reasonably possible out of its operating cash flow but in no event later than March 31, 2020.

The Company intends to elect to be treated as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes, commencing with the taxable year ending December 31, 2018, and intends to maintain its status as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes in future periods.

Our Manager

In connection with the Company’s separation from DDR, on July 1, 2018, the Company entered into an external management agreement which, together with various property management agreements, governs the fees, terms and conditions pursuant to which

18

 


 

DDR will serve as our manager.  The Company is not expected to have any employees. In general, either the Company or DDR may terminate these management agreements in December 31, 2019 , or at the end of any six-month renewal period thereafter.  

Pursuant to the external management agreement, the Company is expected to pay DDR and certain of its subsidiaries a monthly asset management fee in an aggregate amount of 0.5% per annum of the gross asset value of the Company’s properties (calculated in accordance with the terms of the external management agreement). The external management agreement also provides for the reimbursement of certain expenses incurred by DDR in connection with the services it provides to the Company along with the payment of transaction-based fees to DDR in the event of any debt financings or change of control transactions.

Pursuant to the property management agreements, the Company is expected to pay DDR and certain of its subsidiaries 3.5% and 5.5% of the gross revenue (as calculated in accordance with the terms of the property management agreements) of the Company’s non-Puerto Rico properties and the Puerto Rico properties, respectively, on a monthly basis. The property management agreements also provide for the payment to DDR of certain leasing commissions and a disposition fee of 1% of the gross sale price of each asset sold by the Company.

 

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Revenues from Operations (in thousands)

 

 

Three Months

 

 

 

 

 

 

Ended June 30,

 

 

 

 

 

 

2018

 

 

2017

 

 

$ Change

 

Base and percentage rental revenues

$

52,159

 

 

$

58,852

 

 

$

(6,693

)

Recoveries from tenants

 

18,625

 

 

 

19,624

 

 

 

(999

)

Other income

 

5,090

 

 

 

2,740

 

 

 

2,350

 

Business interruption income

 

3,100

 

 

 

 

 

 

3,100

 

Total revenues

$

78,974

 

 

$

81,216

 

 

$

(2,242

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Six Months

 

 

 

 

 

 

Ended June 30,

 

 

 

 

 

 

2018

 

 

2017

 

 

$ Change

 

Base and percentage rental revenues (A)

$

104,837

 

 

$

117,673

 

 

$

(12,836

)

Recoveries from tenants (B)

 

37,345

 

 

 

40,095

 

 

 

(2,750

)

Other income (C)

 

7,952

 

 

 

5,003

 

 

 

2,949

 

Business interruption income (D)

 

5,100

 

 

 

 

 

 

5,100

 

Total revenues (E)

$

155,234

 

 

$

162,771

 

 

$

(7,537

)

(A)

Includes a reduction associated with Hurricane Maria for the Puerto Rico properties that has been partially defrayed by insurance proceeds as noted in (D) and (E) below.

The following tables present the statistics for the Company’s portfolio affecting base and percentage rental revenues:

 

 

Shopping Center Portfolio

June 30,

 

 

2018

 

 

2017

 

Centers owned

48

 

 

50

 

Aggregate occupancy rate

 

89.5

%

 

 

92.5

%

Average annualized base rent per occupied square foot

$

15.30

 

 

$

15.33

 

19

 


 

The decrease in the occup ancy rate primarily was due to a combination of anchor store tenant expirations and bankruptci es throughout 2017. The 2018 occupancy rate reflect s the impact of unabsorbed vacancy related to a Toys “R” Us location rejected in the retailer’s bankruptcy proceeding in the first half of 2018 , other bankruptcies in previous years and lower occupancy rates within the Puerto Rico portfolio .

(B)

Recoveries were approximately 90.9% and 94.5% of reimbursable operating expenses and real estate taxes for the six-month periods ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. The overall decreased percentage of recoveries from tenants primarily was attributable to the impact of the occupancy loss discussed above as well as conversions to gross leases in Puerto Rico where tenants did not separately contribute toward expenses. Also, 2018 was impacted by a reduction in income associated with Hurricane Maria for the Puerto Rico properties that has been partially defrayed by insurance proceeds as noted in (D) and (E) below.

(C)

Composed of the following (in thousands):

 

 

Six Months

 

 

 

 

 

 

Ended June 30,

 

 

 

 

 

 

2018

 

 

2017

 

 

$ Change

 

Ancillary and other property income

$

5,042

 

 

$

4,733

 

 

$

309

 

Lease termination fees

 

2,910

 

 

 

270

 

 

 

2,640

 

 

$

7,952

 

 

$

5,003

 

 

$

2,949

 

The Company recorded a lease termination fee of $2.2 million in the second quarter of 2018 related to the receipt of a building triggered by an anchor tenant’s termination of a ground lease at a shopping center in Erie, Pennsylvania.

(D)

Represents payments received in the first half of 2018 from the Company’s insurance company related to its claims for business interruption losses incurred at its Puerto Rico properties associated with Hurricane Maria.

(E)

The Company did not record $6.6 million of revenues in the first half of 2018 because of lost tenant revenue attributable to Hurricane Maria that has been partially defrayed by the receipt of business interruption insurance proceeds as noted above. See further discussion in both “Contractual Obligations and Other Commitments” and Note 8, “Commitments and Contingencies,” to the Company’s combined financial statements included herein.

20

 


 

Expenses from Operations (in thousands)

 

 

Three Months

 

 

 

 

 

 

Ended June 30,

 

 

 

 

 

 

2018

 

 

2017

 

 

$ Change

 

Operating and maintenance

$

12,531

 

 

$

12,568

 

 

$

(37

)

Real estate taxes

 

9,677

 

 

 

9,517

 

 

 

160

 

Management fees

 

3,462

 

 

 

3,420

 

 

 

42

 

Impairment charges

 

15,060

 

 

 

 

 

 

15,060

 

Hurricane property loss

 

187

 

 

 

 

 

 

187

 

General and administrative

 

4,484

 

 

 

4,546

 

 

 

(62

)

Depreciation and amortization

 

24,072

 

 

 

30,351

 

 

 

(6,279

)

 

$

69,473

 

 

$

60,402

 

 

$

9,071

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Six Months

 

 

 

 

 

 

Ended June 30,

 

 

 

 

 

 

2018

 

 

2017

 

 

$ Change

 

Operating and maintenance

$

24,608

 

 

$

25,443

 

 

$

(835

)

Real estate taxes

 

19,571

 

 

 

19,338

 

 

 

233

 

Management fees

 

6,819

 

 

 

6,972

 

 

 

(153

)

Impairment charges (A)

 

48,680

 

 

 

8,600

 

 

 

40,080

 

Hurricane property loss (B)

 

868

 

 

 

 

 

 

868

 

General and administrative (C)

 

7,638

 

 

 

11,042

 

 

 

(3,404

)

Depreciation and amortization (D)

 

50,144

 

 

 

60,529

 

 

 

(10,385

)

 

$

158,328

 

 

$

131,924

 

 

$

26,404

 

(A)

The Company recorded impairment charges in the first half of 2018 related to eight operating shopping centers marketed for sale. Changes in (i) an asset’s expected future undiscounted cash flows due to changes in market conditions, (ii) various courses of action that may occur or (iii) holding periods each could result in the recognition of additional impairment charges. Impairment charges are presented in Note 9, “Impairment Charges,” to the Company’s combined financial statements included herein.

(B)

The Hurricane Property Loss is more fully described in “Contractual Obligations and Other Commitments” later in this section and Note 8, “Commitments and Contingencies,” to the Company’s combined financial statements included herein.

(C )

Primarily represents the allocation of indirect costs and expenses incurred by DDR related to the Company’s business consisting of compensation and other general and administrative expenses that have been allocated using the property revenue of the Company. Included in the allocation in the first half of 2018 and 2017 are employee separation charges aggregating $1.1 million and $3.7 million, respectively, related to DDR’s management transition and staffing reduction. For the six months ended June 30, 2018, general and administrative expenses of $7.6 million less the separation charges of $1.1 million were approximately 4.2% of total revenues.  For the six months ended June 30, 2017, general and administrative expenses of $11.0 million less the separation charges of $3.7 million were approximately 4.5% of total revenues.

(D)

Depreciation expense was lower in 2018, primarily as a result of the write off of assets in Puerto Rico as a result of the hurricane damage, assets that were fully amortized in 2017, as well as the impact of impairment charges in previous periods.

21

 


 

Other Income and Expenses (in thousands)

 

 

Three Months

 

 

 

 

 

 

Ended June 30,

 

 

 

 

 

 

2018

 

 

2017

 

 

$ Change

 

Interest expense

$

(18,144

)

 

$

(21,640

)

 

$

3,496

 

Debt extinguishment costs

 

(1,970

)

 

 

 

 

 

(1,970

)

Transaction costs

 

(28,240

)

 

 

 

 

 

(28,240

)

Other expense, net

 

 

 

 

(1

)

 

 

1

 

 

$

(48,354

)

 

$

(21,641

)

 

$

(26,713

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Six Months

 

 

 

 

 

 

Ended June 30,

 

 

 

 

 

 

2018

 

 

2017

 

 

$ Change

 

Interest expense (A)

$

(37,584

)

 

$

(44,909

)

 

$

7,325

 

Debt extinguishment costs (B)

 

(109,036

)

 

 

 

 

 

(109,036

)

Transaction costs (C)

 

(33,325

)

 

 

 

 

 

(33,325

)

Other expense, net

 

(3

)

 

 

(1

)

 

 

(2

)

 

$

(179,948

)

 

$

(44,910

)

 

$

(135,038

)

(A)

The weighted-average interest rate of the Company’s Parent Company unsecured debt and mortgages (based on contractual rates, excluding fair market value adjustments, discounts and debt issuance costs) at June 30, 2018 and 2017 was 5.2% and 4.5%, respectively. The decrease in interest expense primarily was due to a change in the amount of debt outstanding as well as the terms due to the issuance of the $1.35 billion mortgage loan in February 2018. In addition, the amount of interest expense allocated from DDR was lower due to the issuance of the mortgage loan.

Interest costs capitalized in conjunction with redevelopment projects were $0.1 million and $0.2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

(B)

Includes debt extinguishment costs of $107.1 million, which are primarily a result of costs incurred from the redemption of Parent Company unsecured debt and mortgages repaid in connection with the Company entering into the $1.35 billion financing agreement.

(C)

Costs related to the Company’s separation from DDR.

Tax expense, Disposition of Real Estate and Net Loss (in thousands)

 

 

Three Months

 

 

 

 

 

 

Ended June 30,

 

 

 

 

 

 

2018

 

 

2017

 

 

$ Change

 

Tax expense

$

(4,082

)

 

$

(148

)

 

$

(3,934

)

Gain on disposition of real estate, net

 

13,096

 

 

 

 

 

 

13,096

 

Net loss

 

(29,839

)

 

 

(975

)

 

 

(28,864

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Six Months

 

 

 

 

 

 

Ended June 30,

 

 

 

 

 

 

2018

 

 

2017

 

 

$ Change

 

Tax expense (A)

$

(4,210

)

 

$

(281

)

 

$

(3,929

)

Gain on disposition of real estate, net (B)

 

13,096

 

 

 

447

 

 

 

12,649

 

Net loss (C)

 

(174,156

)

 

 

(13,897

)

 

 

(160,259

)

(A)

The Company wrote-off the remaining $4.0 million Puerto Rico prepaid tax asset as of June 30, 2018.

(B)

Related to the sale of two assets in the second quarter of 2018 and a release of a deferred obligation in 2017.

22

 


 

(C)

The increase in net loss primarily is attributable to debt extinguishment, transaction costs and increased impairment charges recorded in 2018.

NON-GAAP FINANCIAL MEASURES

Funds from Operations and Operating Funds from Operations

Definition and Basis of Presentation

The Company believes that Funds from Operations, or FFO, and Operating FFO, both non-GAAP financial measures, provide additional and useful means to assess the financial performance of REITs. FFO and Operating FFO are frequently used by the real estate industry, as well as securities analysts, investors and other interested parties, to evaluate the performance of REITs.

FFO excludes GAAP historical cost depreciation and amortization of real estate and real estate investments, which assume that the value of real estate assets diminishes ratably over time. Historically, however, real estate values have risen or fallen with market conditions, and many companies use different depreciable lives and methods. Because FFO excludes depreciation and amortization unique to real estate and gains and losses from depreciable property dispositions, it can provide a performance measure that, when compared year over year, reflects the impact on operations from trends in occupancy rates, rental rates, operating costs, interest costs and acquisition, disposition and development activities. This provides a perspective of the Company’s financial performance not immediately apparent from net income determined in accordance with GAAP.

FFO is generally defined and calculated by the Company as net income (loss) (computed in accordance with GAAP), adjusted to exclude (i) gains and losses from disposition of depreciable real estate property, which are presented net of taxes, if any, (ii) impairment charges on depreciable real estate property and (iii) certain non-cash items. These non-cash items principally include real property depreciation and amortization of intangibles. The Company’s calculation of FFO is consistent with the definition of FFO provided by NAREIT.

The Company believes that certain gains and charges recorded in its operating results are not comparable or reflective of its core operating performance. As a result, the Company also computes Operating FFO and discusses it with the users of its financial statements, in addition to other measures such as net income (loss) determined in accordance with GAAP and FFO. Operating FFO is generally defined and calculated by the Company as FFO excluding certain charges and gains that management believes are not comparable and indicative of the results of the Company’s operating real estate portfolio. Such adjustments include gains/losses on the sale of non-depreciable real estate, impairments of non-depreciable real estate, gains/losses on the early extinguishment of debt, net hurricane-related losses, transaction costs and other restructuring type costs. The disclosure of these charges and gains is generally requested by users of the Company’s financial statements. The adjustment for these charges and gains may not be comparable to how other REITs or real estate companies calculate their results of operations, and the Company’s calculation of Operating FFO differs from NAREIT’s definition of FFO. Additionally, the Company provides no assurances that these charges and gains are non-recurring. These charges and gains could be reasonably expected to recur in future results of operations.

These measures of performance are used by the Company for several business purposes and by other REITs. The Company uses FFO and/or Operating FFO in part (i) as a disclosure to improve the understanding of the Company’s operating results among the investing public, (ii) as a measure of a real estate asset’s performance and (iii) to compare the Company’s performance to that of other publicly traded shopping center REITs.

For the reasons described above, management believes that FFO and Operating FFO provide the Company and investors with an important indicator of the Company’s operating performance. They provide recognized measures of performance other than GAAP net income, which may include non-cash items (often significant). Other real estate companies may calculate FFO and Operating FFO in a different manner.

DDR’s Management recognizes the limitations of FFO and Operating FFO when compared to GAAP’s net income. FFO and Operating FFO do not represent amounts available for dividends, capital replacement or expansion, debt service obligations or other commitments and uncertainties. DDR’s Management does not use FFO or Operating FFO as an indicator of the Company’s cash obligations and funding requirements for future commitments or redevelopment activities. Neither FFO nor Operating FFO represents cash generated from operating activities in accordance with GAAP, and neither is necessarily indicative of cash available to fund cash needs. Neither FFO nor Operating FFO should be considered an alternative to net income (computed in accordance with GAAP) or as an alternative to cash flow as a measure of liquidity. FFO and Operating FFO are simply used as additional indicators of the Company’s operating performance. The Company believes that to further understand its performance, FFO and Operating FFO should be compared with the Company’s reported net loss and considered in addition to cash flows determined in accordance with

23

 


 

GAAP, as presented in its combined financial statements. Reconciliations of these measures to thei r most directly comparable GAAP measure of net loss have been provided below.

Reconciliation Presentation

FFO and Operating FFO were as follows (in thousands):

 

 

Three Months

 

 

 

 

 

 

Ended June 30,

 

 

 

 

 

 

2018

 

 

2017

 

 

$ Change

 

FFO

$

(4,202

)

 

$

28,942

 

 

$

(33,144

)

Operating FFO

 

30,211

 

 

 

30,093

 

 

 

118

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Six Months

 

 

 

 

 

 

Ended June 30,

 

 

 

 

 

 

2018

 

 

2017

 

 

$ Change

 

FFO

$

(89,207

)

 

$

53,837

 

 

$

(143,044

)

Operating FFO

 

59,824

 

 

 

57,589

 

 

 

2,235

 

The decrease in FFO primarily was a result of debt extinguishment charges and transaction costs incurred in the three and six-month periods ended June 30, 2018.

The Company’s reconciliation of net loss to FFO and Operating FFO is as follows (in thousands). The Company provides no assurances that these charges and gains adjusted in the calculation of Operating FFO are non-recurring. These charges and gains could reasonably be expected to recur in future results of operations.

 

 

Three Months

 

 

Six Months

 

 

Ended June 30,

 

 

Ended June 30,

 

 

2018

 

 

2017

 

 

2018

 

 

2017

 

Net loss

$

(29,839

)

 

$

(975

)

 

$

(174,156

)

 

$

(13,897

)

Depreciation and amortization of real estate investments

 

23,673

 

 

 

29,917

 

 

 

49,365

 

 

 

59,586

 

Impairment of depreciable real estate assets

 

15,060

 

 

 

 

 

 

48,680

 

 

 

8,600

 

Gain on disposition of depreciable real estate

 

(13,096

)

 

 

 

 

 

(13,096

)

 

 

(452

)

FFO

 

(4,202

)

 

 

28,942

 

 

 

(89,207

)

 

 

53,837

 

Hurricane property loss (A)

 

(126

)

 

 

 

 

 

2,338

 

 

 

 

Separation charges

 

1,138

 

 

 

1,149

 

 

 

1,138

 

 

 

3,745

 

Other (income) expense, net (B)

 

33,401

 

 

 

2

 

 

 

145,552

 

 

 

2

 

Loss on disposition of non-depreciable real estate

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

3

 

 

 

5

 

Non-operating items, net

 

34,413

 

 

 

1,151

 

 

 

149,031

 

 

 

3,752

 

Operating FFO

$

30,211

 

 

$

30,093

 

 

$

59,824

 

 

$

57,589

 

 

(A)

The hurricane property loss is summarized as follows (in thousands):

 

 

Three Months

 

 

Six Months

 

 

Ended June 30,

 

 

Ended June 30,

 

 

2018

 

 

2018

 

Lost tenant revenue

$

2,787

 

 

$

6,570

 

Business interruption income

 

(3,100

)

 

 

(5,100

)

Clean up costs and other uninsured expenses

 

187

 

 

 

868

 

 

$

(126

)

 

$

2,338

 

24

 


 

 

(B)

Amounts included in other income/expense as follows (in millions):

 

 

Three Months

 

 

Six Months

 

 

 

Ended June 30,

 

 

Ended June 30,

 

 

 

2018

 

 

2018

 

 

Transaction and other (income) expense, net

$

31.4

 

 

$

36.5

 

 

Debt extinguishment costs, net

 

2.0

 

 

 

109.0

 

 

 

$

33.4

 

 

$

145.5

 

 

 

 

LIQUIDITY, CAPITAL RESOURCES AND FINANCING ACTIVITIES

The Company requires capital to fund its operating expenses, capital expenditures and investment activities. The Company’s capital sources may include cash flow from operations and asset sales and availability under its Revolving Credit Agreement (as defined below).

Debt outstanding was $1.27 billion and $1.1 billion at June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively. The Company’s mortgage loan generally requires interest only payments. The Company intends to utilize net asset sale proceeds to repay the principal of this mortgage loan. In addition, at June 30, 2018, the Company had total cash of $95.4 million, including (a) $20 million of insurance advance proceeds for property repairs and (b) $73.3 million of cash that was restricted under the terms of the mortgage loan and is comprised primarily of tenant receipts and reserve accounts funded by DDR in connection with the mortgage loan agreement. Pursuant to the separation and distribution agreement, all unrestricted cash in excess of $1 million was retained by DDR in the separation. In addition, and subject to maintaining its status as a REIT, the Company has agreed to repay DDR for certain cash held in restricted accounts at the time of the separation and other amounts as soon as reasonably possible out of the Company’s operating cash flow but in no event later than March 31, 2020. The Company estimates these amounts will approximate $40 million to $45 million in the aggregate. While the Company currently believes it has several viable sources to obtain capital and fund its business, including capacity under the Revolving Credit Agreement, no assurance can be provided that its obligations, including the mortgage loan, will be refinanced or repaid as currently anticipated.

2018 Financing Activities

Overview

In February 2018, certain subsidiaries of the Company entered into a $1.35 billion mortgage loan, discussed below. The proceeds from the newly entered loan were used to repay all of the outstanding mortgage debt then outstanding with respect to the Company’s properties and Parent Company unsecured debt. In connection with this financing, the Company entered into an interest rate cap agreement with a LIBOR strike rate of 3.0% and a notional amount of $1.35 billion. Furthermore, the Company issued series A preferred shares to DDR. Subject to the Company’s ability to distribute the holders of the Company’s common shares amounts necessary to maintain its status as a REIT and to avoid payment of U.S. federal income taxes, the series A preferred shares are entitled to a dividend preference for all dividends declared on the Company’s capital stock at any time up to the preference amount, as discussed below. The Company entered into the Revolving Credit Agreement which provides for borrowings of up to $30.0 million. The Company currently believes its existing sources of funds should be adequate for purposes of meeting its short-term liquidity needs.

Mortgage Financing

On February 14, 2018, certain wholly-owned subsidiaries of the Company entered into a mortgage loan with an initial aggregate principal amount of $1.35 billion. Proceeds of the loan were used to repay all mortgage debt then outstanding with respect to the Company’s properties and Parent Company unsecured debt. The borrowers’ obligations to pay principal, interest and other amounts under the mortgage loan are evidenced by certain promissory notes executed by the borrowers, which are referred to collectively as the notes, which are secured by, among other things: (i) mortgages encumbering the borrowers’ respective continental U.S. properties (a total of 38 properties at the time of the financing); (ii) a pledge of the equity of the Company’s subsidiaries that own the 12 Puerto Rico properties and a pledge of rents and other cash flows, insurance proceeds and condemnation awards in connection with the 12 Puerto Rico properties; and (iii) a pledge of any reserves and accounts of any borrower. Subsequent to closing, the originating lenders placed the notes into a securitization trust, which issued and sold mortgage-backed securities to investors.

The loan facility will mature on February 9, 2021, subject to two one-year extensions at borrowers’ option conditioned upon, among other items, (i) an event of default shall not be continuing, (ii) in the case of the first one-year extension option, evidence that

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the Debt Yield (as defined and calculated in accordance with the loan agreement, but which is the ratio of net operating income of the continental U.S. properties to the outstanding principal amount of the loan facility) equals or exceeds 11% and the ratio of the outstanding principal amount of the notes to the value of the continental U.S. properties (based on appraisal values determine d at the time of the initial closing) is less than 50%, and (iii) in the case of the second one-year extension option, evidence that the Debt Yield equals or exceeds 12% and the loan-to-value ratio is less than 45%.

The initial weighted-average interest rate applicable to the notes is equal to one-month LIBOR plus a spread of 3.15% per annum, provided that such spread is subject to an increase of 0.25% per annum in connection with any exercise of the first extension option and an additional increase of 0.25% per annum in connection with any exercise of the second extension option. Borrowers are required to maintain an interest rate cap with respect to the principal amount of the notes having (i) during the initial three-year term of the loan, a LIBOR strike rate equal to 3.0% and (ii) with respect to any extension period, a LIBOR strike rate that would result in a debt service coverage ratio of 1.20x based on the continental U.S. properties. Mortgage-backed securities securitized by the notes were sold by the lenders to investors at a blended rate (prior to exercise of any extension option) of one-month LIBOR plus a spread of 2.91% per annum; the spread paid by the Company increased to 3.15% per annum based on terms included in the originating lenders’ initial financing commitment to borrowers. Application of voluntary prepayments as described below may cause the weighted-average interest rate to increase over time.

The loan facility is structured as an interest only loan throughout the initial three-year term and any exercised extension options. As a result, so long as no Amortization Period (as described below) or event of default exists, any property cash flows available following payment of debt service and funding of certain required reserve accounts (including reserves for payment of real estate taxes, insurance premiums, ground rents, tenant improvements and capital expenditures), will be available to the borrowers to pay operating expenses and for other general corporate purposes. An Amortization Period will be deemed to commence in the event the borrowers fail to achieve a Debt Yield of 10.8% as of March 31, 2019, 11.9% as of September 30, 2019, 14.1% as of March 31, 2020 and 19.2% as of September 30, 2020. The Debt Yield as of February 14, 2018 was 9.8%. In the event an Amortization Period occurs, any property cash flows available following payment of debt service and the funding of certain reserve accounts (including the reserve accounts referenced above and additional reserves established for payment of approved operating expenses, DDR management fees, certain public company costs, certain taxes and the minimum cash portion of required REIT distributions) shall be applied to the repayment of the notes. During an Amortization Period, cash flow from the borrowers’ operations will only be made available to the Company to pay required REIT distributions in an amount equal to the minimum portion of required REIT distributions allowed by law to be paid in cash (currently 20%), with the remainder of required REIT distributions during an Amortization Period likely to be paid by the Company in shares of the Company’s common stock.

Subject to certain conditions described in the mortgage loan agreement, the borrowers may prepay principal amounts outstanding under the loan facility in whole or in part by providing (i) advance notice of prepayment to the lenders and (ii) remitting the prepayment premium described in the mortgage loan agreement. No prepayment premium is required with respect to any prepayments made after March 9, 2019. Additionally, no prepayment premium will apply to prepayments made in connection with permitted property sales. Each continental U.S. property has a portion of the original principal amount of the mortgage loan allocated to it. The amount of proceeds from the sale of an individual continental U.S. property required to be applied towards prepayment of the notes (i.e., the property’s “release price”), will depend upon the Debt Yield at the time of the sale as follows:

 

if the Debt Yield is less than or equal to 12.0%, the release price is the greater of (i) 100% of the property’s net sale proceeds and (ii) 110% of its allocated loan amount;

 

if the Debt Yield is greater than 12.0% but less than or equal to 15.0%, the release price is the greater of (i) 90% of the property’s net sale proceeds and (ii) 105% of its allocated loan amount; and

 

if the Debt Yield is greater than 15.0%, the release price is the greater of (i) 80% of the property’s net sale proceeds and (ii) 100% of its allocated loan amount.

To the extent the net cash proceeds from the sale of a continental U.S. property that are applied to repay the mortgage loan exceed the amount specified in applicable clause (ii) above with respect to such property, the excess may be applied by the Company as a credit against the release prices applicable to future sales of continental U.S. properties.

Once the aggregate principal amount of the notes is less than $270.0 million, 100% of net proceeds from the sales of continental U.S. properties must be applied towards prepayment of the notes. Properties in Puerto Rico do not have allocated loan amounts or minimum release prices; all proceeds from sales of Puerto Rico properties are required to be used to prepay the notes, except that the borrowers can obtain a release of all of the Puerto Rico properties for a minimum release price of $350.0 million.

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Voluntary prepayments made by the borrowers (including prepayments made with proceeds from asset sales) up to $337.5 million in the aggregate will be applied ratably to the senior and junior tranches of the notes. All other prepayments (including prepayments made with property cash flows following commencement of any Amortization Period) will be applied to tranches of notes (i) absent an event of default, in d escending order of seniority (i.e., such prepayments will first be applied to the most senior tranches of notes) and (ii) following any event of default, in such order as the loan servicer determines in its sole discretion. As a result, the Company expect s that the weighted average interest rate of the notes will increase during the term of the loan facility.

In the event of a default, the contract rate of interest on the notes will increase to the lesser of (i) the maximum rate allowed by law, or (ii) the greater of (A) 4% above the interest rate otherwise applicable and (B) the Prime Rate (as defined in the mortgage loan) plus 1.0%. The notes contain other terms and provisions that are customary for instruments of this nature.

In addition, the Company executed a certain environmental indemnity agreement and a certain guaranty agreement in favor of the lenders under which the Company agreed to indemnify the lenders for certain environmental risks and guaranty the borrowers’ obligations under the exceptions to the non-recourse provisions in the mortgage loan agreement. The mortgage loan agreement includes representations, warranties, affirmative and restrictive covenants and other provisions customary for agreements of this nature. The mortgage loan agreement also includes customary events of default, including, among others, principal and interest payment defaults, and breaches of affirmative or negative covenants; the mortgage loan agreement does not contain any financial maintenance covenants. Upon the occurrence of an event of default, the lenders may avail themselves of various customary remedies under the loan agreement and other agreements executed in connection therewith or applicable law, including accelerating the loan facility and realizing on the real property collateral or pledged collateral.

At June 30, 2018, the mortgage balance outstanding was $1.27 billion.

Series A Preferred Stock

On June 30, 2018, the Company issued 1,000 shares of its series A preferred stock (the “RVI Preferred Shares”) to DDR which are noncumulative and have no mandatory dividend rate.  The RVI Preferred Shares rank, with respect to dividend rights and rights upon liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Company, senior in preference and priority to the Company’s common shares and any other class or series of the Company’s capital stock.  Subject to the requirement that the Company distribute to its common shareholders the minimum amount required to be distributed with respect to any taxable year in order for the Company to maintain its status as a REIT and to avoid U.S. federal income taxes, the RVI Preferred Shares will be entitled to a dividend preference for all dividends declared on the Company’s capital stock at any time up to a “preference amount” equal to $190 million in the aggregate, which amount may increase by up to an additional $10 million if the aggregate gross proceeds of the Company’s asset sales subsequent to July 1, 2018 exceed $2.0 billion.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, the RVI Preferred Shares are only entitled to receive dividends when, as and if declared by the Company’s board of directors and the Company’s ability to pay dividends is subject to any restrictions set forth in the terms of its indebtedness. Upon payment to DDR of aggregate dividends on the RVI Preferred Shares equaling the maximum preference amount of $200 million, the RVI Preferred Shares are required to be redeemed by the Company for $1.00 per share.

 

Subject to the terms of any of the Company’s indebtedness and unless prohibited by Ohio law governing distributions to stockholders, the RVI Preferred Shares must be redeemed upon (i) the Company’s failure to maintain its status as a REIT, (ii) any failure by the Company to comply with the terms of the RVI Preferred Shares or (iii) the consummation of any transaction (including, without limitation, any merger or consolidation) the result of which is that the Company sells, assigns, transfers, conveys or otherwise disposes of all or substantially all of its properties or assets, in one or more related transactions, to any person or entity or any person or entity, directly or indirectly, becomes the beneficial owner of 40% or more of the Company’s common shares, measured by voting power.  The RVI Preferred Shares also contain restrictions on the Company’s ability to invest in joint ventures, acquire assets or properties, develop or redevelop real estate or make loans or advances to third parties.

 

The Company may redeem the RVI Preferred Shares, or any part thereof, at any time at a price payable per share calculated by dividing the number of RVI Preferred Shares outstanding on the redemption date into the difference of (x) $200 million minus (y) the aggregate amount of dividends previously distributed on the RVI Preferred Shares to be redeemed.  As of August 1, 2018, no dividends have been paid on the RVI Preferred Shares.

Credit Agreement

On July 2, 2018, the Company entered into a Credit Agreement (the “Revolving Credit Agreement”) among the Company, the lenders named therein and PNC Bank, National Association, as administrative agent (“PNC”).   The Revolving Credit Agreement provides for borrowings of up to $30.0 million. Borrowings under the Revolving Credit Agreement may be used by the Company for

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general corporate purposes and working capital.   The Company’s borrowings under the Revolving Credit Agreement bear interest at variable rates at the Company’s electi on, based on either (i) LIBOR plus a specified spread ranging from 1.05% to 1.50% depending on the Company’s Leverage Ratio (as defined in the Revolving Credit Agreement) or (ii) the Alternate Base Rate (as defined in the Revolving Credit Agreement) plus a specified spread ranging from 0.05% to 0.50% depending on the Company’s Leverage Ratio. The Company is also required to pay a facility fee on the aggregate revolving commitments at a rate per annum that ranges from 0.15% to 0.30% depending on the Company ’s Leverage Ratio.

The Revolving Credit Agreement matures on the earliest to occur of (i) February 9, 2021, (ii) the date on which the External Management Agreement is terminated, (iii) the date on which DDR Asset Management, LLC or another wholly-owned subsidiary of DDR ceases to be the “Service Provider” under the External Management Agreement as a result of assignment or operation of law or otherwise,  and (iv) the date on which the principal amount outstanding under the Company’s $1.35 billion mortgage loan is repaid or refinanced.

The affirmative covenants include, but are not limited to: payment of taxes; maintenance of properties; maintenance of insurance; compliance with laws; tangible net worth; and conduct of business.

The negative covenants include, but are not limited to, restrictions on the ability of the Company (and its wholly-owned subsidiaries): to contract, create, incur, assume or suffer to exist indebtedness except in certain circumstances; to create, incur, assume or suffer to exist liens on properties except in certain circumstances; to make or pay dividends or distributions on the Company’s common stock during the existence of a default; to merge, liquidate, dissolve or to dispose of all or substantially all of the Company’s assets subject to certain exceptions;  and to deal with any affiliate except on fair and reasonable arm’s length terms.

Upon the occurrence of certain customary events of default, the Company’s obligations under the Revolving Credit Agreement may be accelerated and the lending commitments thereunder terminated.   The Company may not borrow under the Revolving Credit Agreement, and a Default (as defined therein) occurs under the Revolving Credit Agreement, if there is a “Default” under DDR’s corporate credit facility with JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., DDR’s corporate credit facility with Wells Fargo Bank, National Association or DDR’s corporate credit facility with PNC. Additionally, the Company may not borrow under the Revolving Credit Agreement if there is a “Default” under the Revolving Credit Agreement or an “Event of Default” under the Company’s $1.35 billion mortgage loan or if the External Management Agreement is no longer in full force and effect or if the Company has delivered or received a notice of termination or a notice of default under the External Management Agreement.

The Company’s obligations under the Revolving Credit Agreement are guaranteed by DDR in favor of PNC.  In consideration thereof, on July 2, 2018, the Company entered into a guaranty fee and reimbursement letter agreement with DDR pursuant to which the Company has agreed to pay to DDR the following amounts: (i) an annual guaranty commitment fee of 0.20% of the aggregate commitments under the Revolving Credit Agreement, (ii) for all times other than those referenced in clause (iii) below, when any amounts are outstanding under the Revolving Credit Agreement, an amount equal to 5.00% per annum times the average aggregate outstanding daily principal amount of such loans plus the aggregate stated average daily amount of outstanding letters of credit and (iii) in the event DDR pays any amounts to PNC pursuant to DDR’s guaranty and the Company fails to reimburse DDR for such amount within three business days, an amount in cash equal to the amount of such paid obligations plus default interest which will accrue from the date of such payment by DDR until repaid by the Company at a rate per annum equal to the sum of the LIBOR rate plus 8.50%. 

Dividend Distributions

The Company anticipates making distributions to holders of its common shares to satisfy the requirements to qualify as a REIT and generally not be subject to U.S. federal income and excise tax (other than with respect to operations conducted through the Company’s TRS). U.S. federal income tax law generally requires that a REIT distribute annually to holders of its capital stock at least 90% of its REIT taxable income, without regard to the deduction for dividends paid and excluding net capital gains, and that it pay tax at regular corporate rates to the extent that it annually distributes less than 100% of its REIT taxable income. The Company generally intends to make distributions with respect to each taxable year in an amount at least equal to its REIT taxable income for such taxable year. Although the Company initially expects to declare and pay distributions on or around the end of each calendar year, the RVI Board will evaluate its dividend policy regularly.

To the extent that cash available for distributions is less than the Company’s REIT taxable income, or if amortization requirements commence with respect to the terms of the mortgage loan, the Company may make a portion of its distributions in the form of common shares, and any such distribution of common shares may be taxable as a dividend to shareholders. The Company may also distribute debt or other securities in the future, which also may be taxable as a dividend to shareholders.

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Any distributions the Company makes to its shareholders will be at the discret ion of the Company’s board of directors and will depend upon, among other things, the Company’s actual and anticipated results of operations and liquidity, which will be affected by various factors, including the income from its portfolio, its operating ex penses (including management fees and other obligations owing to DDR ), repayments of restricted cash balances to DDR in connec tion with the mortgage loans and other expenditures and the terms of the mortgage financing and the limitations set forth in the m ortgage loan agreements. Distributions will also be impacted by the pace and success of the Company’s property disposition strategy. As a result of the terms of the mortgage financing, the Company anticipates that the majority of distributions of sales p roceeds to be made to shareholders will not occur until after the mortgage loan has been repaid or refinanced. Furthermore, subject to the Company’s ability to make distributions to the holders of the Company’s common shares in amounts necessary to mainta in its status as a REIT and to avoid payment of U.S. federal income taxes , the RVI Preferred Shares will be entitled to a dividend preference for all dividends declared on the Company’s capital stock, at any time up to the preference amount. Subsequent to the payment of dividends on the RVI Preferred Shares equaling the maximum preference amount, the RVI Preferred S hares are required to be redeemed by the Company for an aggregate amount of $1.00 per share. Due to the dividend preference of the RVI Preferr ed Shares , distributions of sales proceeds to holders of common shares are unlikely to occur until after aggregate dividends have been paid on the RVI Preferred Shares in an amount equal to the maximum preference amount. At this time, the Company cannot p redict when or if it will declare dividends to the holders of RVI Preferred Shares and when or if such dividends, if paid, will equal the maximum preference amount. While unlikely, it is nevertheless possible that the Company may never produce income requ iring a distribution to holders of the Company’s common shares and may never pay dividends on the RVI Preferred Shares equaling the maximum preference amount. If such circumstances were to occur, the Company would not be able to pay any dividends to its c ommon stockholders.

Dispositions

During the three months ended June 30, 2018, the Company sold two shopping center properties aggregating 0.5 million square feet, for an aggregate sales price of $105.8 million.  In addition, from July 1, 2018 through August 1, 2018, the Company sold three shopping centers for an aggregate sales price of $66.3 million.

Cash Flow Activity

The Company expects that its core business of leasing space to well capitalized retailers will continue to generate consistent and predictable cash flow after expenses and interest payments. As discussed above, in general, the Company intends to utilize net asset sale proceeds to: first, repay its mortgage loan; second, make distributions on account of the RVI Preferred Shares up to the amount of the preference amount; and third, make distributions to holders of the Company’s common shares.

The following presents a summary of our combined statements of cash flow (in thousands):

 

 

Six Months

 

 

Ended June 30,

 

 

2018

 

 

2017

 

Cash flow provided by operating activities

$

28,832

 

 

$

47,868

 

Cash flow provided by (used for) investing activities

 

100,079

 

 

 

(10,720

)

Cash flow used for financing activities

 

(41,843

)

 

 

(31,471

)

Changes in cash flow for the six months ended June 30, 2018, compared to the prior comparable period are described as follows:

Operating Activities: Cash provided by operating activities decreased $19.0 million primarily due to reduced income from Puerto Rico assets, transaction costs related to separation and interest rate hedging activities.

Investing Activities: Cash provided by investing activities increased $110.8 million primarily due to proceeds from disposition of real estate.

Financing Activities:   Cash used for financing activities increased by $10.4 million primarily due an increase in net transactions with DDR.

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CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS AND OTHER COMMITMENTS

The Company had aggregate outstanding indebtedness to third parties of $1.27 billion at June 30, 2018 with a maturity of February 2021.  

In connection with the separation from DDR , on July 1, 2018, the Company and DDR entered into a separation and distribution agreement, pursuant to which, among other things, DDR transferred properties and certain related assets, liabilities and obligations to the Company and distributed 100% of the outstanding common shares to holders of record of DDR’s common shares as of the close of business on June 26, 2018, the record date.  In connection with the separation from DDR , DDR retained 1,000 shares of the RVI Preferred Shares having an aggregate dividend preference equal to $190 million, which amount may increase by up to an additional $10 million depending on the amount of aggregate gross proceeds generated by the Company asset sales.  In addition, pursuant to the terms of the separation and distribution agreement, the Company will have a repayment obligation to DDR primarily for certain cash balances held in restricted cash accounts on the separation date in connection with the Company’s mortgage loan.  The Company is obligated to repay DDR as soon as reasonably possible out of its operating cash flow but in no event later than March 31, 2020.

On July 1, 2018, the Company and DDR also entered into an external management agreement, which, together with various property management agreements, governs the fees, terms and conditions pursuant to which DDR will manage the Company and its properties.  Pursuant to these management agreements, DDR will provide the Company with day-to-day management, subject to supervision and certain discretionary limits and authorities granted by the RVI Board, and the Company is not expected to have any employees.  In general, either the Company or DDR may terminate the management agreements on December 31, 2019 or at the end of any six-month renewal period thereafter.  The Company and DDR also entered into a tax matters agreement which governs the rights and responsibilities of the parties following the separation from DDR with respect to various tax matters and provides for the allocation of tax-related assets, liabilities and obligations .

Guaranty to DDR

On July 2, 2018, DDR provided an unconditional guaranty to PNC with respect to any obligations outstanding from time to time under a Revolving Credit Agreement.  In connection with this arrangement, the Company has agreed to pay to DDR a guaranty commitment fee of 0.20% per annum on the committed amount of the Revolving Credit Agreement and a fee equal to 5.00% per annum on any amounts drawn by the Company under the Revolving Credit Agreement.  If in the event DDR pays any of the obligations on the Revolving Credit Agreement and the Company fails to reimburse such amount within three business days, the guarantee provides for default interest which accrues at a rate equal to the sum of the LIBOR rate plus 8.50% per annum.

Other Commitments

The Company has entered into agreements with general contractors related to its shopping centers aggregating commitments of approximately $20.6 million at June 30, 2018. These obligations, composed principally of construction contracts, are generally due within 12 to 24 months, as the related construction costs are incurred, and are expected to be financed through operating cash flow.

The Company routinely enters into contracts for the maintenance of its properties. These contracts typically can be canceled upon 30 to 60 days’ notice without penalty. At June 30, 2018, the Company had purchase order obligations, typically payable within one year, aggregating approximately $1.4 million related to the maintenance of its properties and general and administrative expenses.

Hurricane Loss

In 2017, Hurricane Maria made landfall in Puerto Rico. At June 30, 2018, the Company’s 12 assets in Puerto Rico, aggregating 4.4 million square feet of Company-owned GLA, were significantly impacted. One of the assets (Plaza Palma Real, consisting of approximately 0.4 million of Company-owned GLA) was severely damaged and is currently not operational, except for one anchor tenant and a few other tenants representing a minimal amount of Company-owned GLA. The other 11 assets sustained varying degrees of damage, consisting primarily of roof, HVAC system damage and water intrusion.   Although some tenant spaces remain untenantable, as of July 25, 2018, 86% of the Company’s leased GLA in Puerto Rico was open for business, excluding Plaza Palma Real (or 82% including Plaza Palma Real).  

The Company has engaged various consultants to assist with the damage scoping assessment. The Company continues to work with its consultants to finalize the scope and schedule of work to be performed. Restoration work is underway at all of the shopping centers, including Plaza Palma Real. The Company anticipates that the repairs will be substantially complete at all 12 properties by the end of the third quarter of 2019. The timing and schedule of additional repair work to be completed are highly dependent upon any changes in the scope of work, as well as the availability of building materials, supplies and skilled labor.

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The Company maintains insurance on its assets in Puerto Rico with policy limits of approximately $330 million for both property damage and business interruption. The Company’s insurance policies are subject to various terms and conditions, including a combined property damage and business interruption deductible of approximately $6.0 million. The Company estimates its aggregate property insurance claim , which includes costs to repair and rebuild, will approximate $150 million. This amount excludes insurance proceeds due from certain continental-U.S.-based anchor tenants who maintain their own property insurance on their Company-owned premises and are expected to make the required repairs to their stores at their own expense. In addition, t he Company estimates that its business interruption claim, which includes costs to clean up and mitigate tenant losses as well as lost revenue, estimated through June 30, 2018 to be approximately $ 25 million. These estimates are subject to change as the C ompany continues to assess the costs to repair damage. The Company’s ability to repair its properties, and the cost of such repairs, could be negatively impacted by circumstances and events beyond the Company’s control, such as access to building material s and changes in the scope of work to be performed. Therefore, there can be no assurance that the Company’s estimates of property damage and lost rental revenue are accurate. The Company believes it maintains adequate insurance coverage on each of its pr operties and is working closely with the insurance carriers to obtain the maximum amount of insurance recovery provided under the policies. However, the Company can give no assurances as to the amounts of such claims, timing of payments and resolution of the claims.    The Company received an additional $20.2 million toward the property damage portion of its insurance claim in the second quarter of 2018.

The Company’s business interruption insurance covers lost revenue through the period of property restoration and for up to 365 days following completion of restoration. For the six months ended June 30, 2018, rental revenues of $6.6 million were not recorded because of lost tenant revenue attributable to Hurricane Maria that has been partially defrayed by insurance proceeds.  The Company will record revenue for covered business interruption claims in the period it determines that it is probable it will be compensated.  As such, there could be a delay between the rental period and the recording of revenue.  The amount of any future lost revenue depends on when properties are fully available for tenants’ re-occupancy which, in turn, is highly dependent upon the timing and progress of repairs.  In the first half of 2018, the Company received insurance proceeds of $5.1 million related to business interruption claims, which is recorded on the Company’s combined statement of operations as Business Interruption Income.  The Company expects to make claims in future periods for lost revenue.  However, there can be no assurance that insurance claims will be resolved favorably to the Company or in a timely manner.  

See further discussion in Note 8, “Commitments and Contingencies,” of the Company’s June 30, 2018 combined financial statements. Note that pursuant to the terms of the separation and distribution agreement. DDR will be entitled to receive claim proceeds to the extent it incurred unreimbursed repairs costs prior to July 1, 2018 and business interruption claim proceeds to the extent it sustained revenue losses prior to that date. Business interruption proceeds will continue to be recorded to revenue in the period that it is determined that the Company will be compensated.  

INFLATION

Most of the Company’s long-term leases contain provisions designed to mitigate the adverse impact of inflation. Such provisions include clauses enabling the Company to receive additional rental income from escalation clauses that generally increase rental rates during the terms of the leases and/or percentage rentals based on tenants’ gross sales. Such escalations are determined by negotiation, increases in the consumer price index or similar inflation indices. In addition, many of the Company’s leases are for terms of less than 10 years, permitting the Company to seek increased rents at market rates upon renewal. Most of the Company’s leases require the tenants to pay their share of operating expenses, including common area maintenance, real estate taxes, insurance and utilities, thereby reducing the Company’s exposure to increases in costs and operating expenses resulting from inflation.

ECONOMIC CONDITIONS

Despite recent tenant bankruptcies and increases in e-commerce, the Company believes there is retailer demand for quality locations within well-positioned shopping centers. Further, the Company continues to see demand from a broad range of retailers for its space, particularly in the off-price sector, which the Company believes is a reflection of the general outlook of consumers who are demanding more value for their dollars. Many of these retailers have substantial store opening plans for 2018 and 2019. The Company also benefits from a diversified tenant base, with only three tenants whose annualized rental revenue equals or exceeds 3% of the Company’s annualized revenues (Walmart/Sam’s Club at 4.5%, TJX Companies, which includes T.J. Maxx, Marshalls and HomeGoods at 3.5% and Bed Bath & Beyond, which includes Bed Bath & Beyond, buybuy Baby, Cost Plus World Market and Christmas Tree Shops at 3.2%). Other significant tenants include Best Buy and Ross Stores, both of which have strong credit ratings, remain well-capitalized and have outperformed other retail categories on a relative basis over time. In addition, several of the Company’s big box tenants (Walmart/Sam’s Club, Home Depot, Best Buy and Target) have been adapting to an omni-channel retail environment, creating positive overall sales growth over the prior few years. The Company believes these tenants will continue providing a stable revenue base for the foreseeable future, given the long-term nature of these leases. Moreover, the majority of the tenants in the Company’s shopping centers provide day-to-day consumer necessities with a focus toward value and convenience,

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versus high-priced discretionary luxury items, which the Company believes will enable many of its ten ants to outperform even in a challenging economic environment.

The retail shopping sector continues to be affected by the competitive nature of the retail business, including the impact of internet shopping and the competition for market share, as well as general economic conditions, where stronger retailers have out-positioned some of the weaker retailers. These shifts can force some market share away from weaker retailers, which could require them to downsize and close stores and/or declare bankruptcy. In some cases, the loss of a weaker tenant or downsizing of space creates a value-add opportunity to re-lease space to a stronger retailer. There can be no assurance that the loss of a tenant or downsizing of space will not adversely affect the Company in the future (see “Risk Factors” in Amendment No. 1 to the Company’s Form 10 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 14, 2018).

The Company believes that the quality of its shopping center portfolio is strong, as evidenced by the occupancy rates and in the average annualized base rent per occupied square foot. The shopping center portfolio occupancy was 89.5% and 90.6% at June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively. Despite the strength of the near 90% occupancy rate, the net decrease in the rate primarily was attributed to tenant bankruptcies, in particular Toys “R” Us and lower occupancy rates within the Puerto Rico portfolio. The total portfolio average annualized base rent per occupied square foot was $15.30 at June 30, 2018, as compared to $15.37 at December 31, 2017. The weighted-average cost of tenant improvements and lease commissions estimated to be incurred over the expected lease term for new leases executed during the first six months of 2018 was $6.63 and during 2017 was $4.06 per rentable square foot. The Company generally does not expend a significant amount of capital on lease renewals. Property revenues are generally derived from tenants with good credit profiles under long-term leases, with very little reliance on overage rents generated by tenant sales performance. The Company recognizes the risks posed by the economy, but believes that the general diversity and credit quality of its tenant base should enable it to successfully navigate through a potentially challenging retail environment.

In addition to its goal of maximizing cash flow from property operations, the Company seeks to realize profits through the regular sale of assets to a variety of buyers. The market upon which this aspect of the business plan relies is currently characterized as liquid but also fragmented, with a wide range of generally small, non-institutional investors. While some investors do not require debt financing, many seek to capitalize on leveraged returns using mortgage financing at interest rates well below the initial asset-level returns implied by disposition prices. In addition to small, often local buyers, the Company also plans to transact with mid-sized institutional investors, some of which are domestic and foreign publicly traded companies. Many larger domestic institutions, such as pension funds and insurance companies, that were traditionally large buyers of retail real estate assets have generally become less active participants in transaction markets over the last several years. Lower participation of institutions and a generally smaller overall buyer pool has resulted in some level of pressure on retail asset prices, though this impact remains highly heterogeneous and varies widely by market and specific assets.

At June 30, 2018, the Company owned 12 assets on the island of Puerto Rico aggregating 4.4 million square feet of Company-owned GLA. The 12 owned assets represent approximately 33% of both the Company’s total combined revenue and the Company’s combined revenue less operating expenses (i.e., net operating income) for the six months ended June 30, 2018. These assets account for approximately 28% of Company-owned GLA at June 30, 2018. There is continued concern about the status of the Puerto Rican economy, the ability of the government of Puerto Rico to meet its financial obligations and the impact of any government default on the economy of Puerto Rico. The impact of Hurricane Maria has further exacerbated these concerns. The Company’s assets experienced varying degrees of damage due to the hurricane. The Company has been actively working with its insurer relating to both its property damage and business interruption claims. See Note 8, “Commitments and Contingencies,” to the Company’s June 30, 2018 combined financial statements.  The Company believes that the tenants in these assets (many of which are U.S. retailers such as Walmart/Sam’s Club, Bed Bath & Beyond and the TJX Companies (T.J. Maxx and Marshalls)) typically cater to the local consumer’s desire for value and convenience, often provide consumers with day-to-day necessities and should withstand redevelopment pressures and reopen their locations in Puerto Rico. The Company further believes that these tenants represent a source of stable, high-quality cash flow for the Company’s assets. There can be no assurance that the hurricane relief efforts will be completed in a timely manner, or at all, or that the economic conditions in Puerto Rico will not deteriorate further, which could materially and negatively impact consumer spending and ultimately adversely affect the Company’s assets in Puerto Rico or its ability to dispose of the properties on commercially reasonable terms, or at all (see “Risk Factors” in Amendment No. 1 to the Company’s Form 10 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 14, 2018).

32

 


 

New Accounting Standards

New Accounting Standards are more fully described in Note 3, “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies,” of the Company’s combined financial statements.

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations should be read in conjunction with the Company’s combined financial statements and the notes thereto appearing elsewhere in this report.  Historical results and percentage relationships set forth in the Company’s combined financial statements, including trends that might appear, should not be taken as indicative of future operations.  The Company considers portions of this information to be “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”), both as amended, with respect to the Company’s expectations for future periods.  Forward-looking statements include, without limitation, statements related to acquisitions (including any related pro forma financial information) and other business development activities, future capital expenditures, financing sources and availability and the effects of environmental and other regulations.  Although the Company believes that the expectations reflected in these forward-looking statements are based upon reasonable assumptions, it can give no assurance that its expectations will be achieved.  For this purpose, any statements contained herein that are not statements of historical fact should be deemed to be forward-looking statements.  Without limiting the foregoing, the words “will,” “believes,” “anticipates,” “plans,” “expects,” “seeks,” “estimates” and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements.  Readers should exercise caution in interpreting and relying on forward-looking statements because such statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that are, in some cases, beyond the Company’s control and that could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed or implied in the forward-looking statements and that could materially affect the Company’s actual results, performance or achievements.    For additional factors that could cause the results of the Company to differ materially from those indicated in the forward-looking statements, please refer to “Risk Factors” included in Amendment No. 1 to the Company’s Form 10 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 14, 2018.

Factors that could cause actual results, performance or achievements to differ materially from those expressed or implied by forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, the following:

 

The Company may be unable to dispose of properties on favorable terms or at all, especially in markets or regions experiencing deteriorating economic conditions and properties anchored by tenants experiencing financial challenges. In addition, real estate investments can be illiquid, particularly as prospective buyers may experience increased costs of financing or difficulties obtaining financing due to local, national or global conditions;

 

The Company is subject to general risks affecting the real estate industry, including the need to enter into new leases or renew leases on favorable terms to generate rental revenues, and any economic downturn may adversely affect the ability of the Company’s tenants, or new tenants, to enter into new leases or the ability of the Company’s existing tenants to renew their leases at rates at least as favorable as their current rates;

 

The Company could be adversely affected by changes in the local markets where its properties are located, as well as by adverse changes in regional or national economic and market conditions;

 

The Company may fail to anticipate the effects on its properties of changes in consumer buying practices, including sales over the Internet and the resulting retailing practices and space needs of its tenants, or a general downturn in its tenants’ businesses, which may cause tenants to close stores or default in payment of rent;

 

The Company is subject to competition for tenants from other owners of retail properties, and its tenants are subject to competition from other retailers and methods of distribution. The Company is dependent upon the successful operations and financial condition of its tenants, in particular its major tenants, and could be adversely affected by the bankruptcy of those tenants;

 

The Company relies on major tenants, which makes it vulnerable to changes in the business and financial condition of, or demand for its space by, such tenants;

 

The Company’s financial condition may be affected by required debt service payments, the risk of default and restrictions on its ability to incur additional debt or to enter into certain transactions under documents governing its debt obligations. In addition, it may encounter difficulties in refinancing existing debt. Borrowings under the mortgage loan or the revolving credit facility are subject to certain representations and warranties and customary events of default, including

33

 


 

 

any event that has had or could reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business or financial condition;

 

Changes in interest rates could adversely affect the market price of the Company’s common shares, its performance and cash flow, and its ability to sell assets and the sales prices applicable thereto;

 

Debt and/or equity financing necessary for the Company to continue to operate its business or to refinance existing indebtedness may not be available or may not be available on favorable terms;

 

Disruptions in the financial markets could affect the Company’s ability to obtain financing or to refinance existing indebtedness on reasonable terms and have other adverse effects on the Company and the market price of the Company’s common shares;

 

The ability of the Company to pay dividends on its common shares in excess of its REIT taxable income is generally subject to its ability to first declare and pay aggregate dividends on the RVI Preferred Shares in an amount equal to the preference amount;

 

The Company is subject to complex regulations related to its status as a REIT and would be adversely affected if it failed to qualify as a REIT;

 

The Company must make distributions to shareholders to continue to qualify as a REIT, and if the Company must borrow funds to make distributions, those borrowings may not be available on favorable terms or at all;

 

The outcome of litigation, including litigation with tenants, may adversely affect the Company’s results of operations and financial condition;

 

The Company may not realize anticipated returns from its 12 real estate assets located in Puerto Rico, which carry risks in addition to those it faces with its continental U.S. properties and operations;

 

Property damage, expenses related thereto, and other business and economic consequences (including the potential loss of revenue) resulting from extreme weather conditions in locations where the Company owns properties;

 

Sufficiency and timing of any insurance recovery payments related to damages from extreme weather conditions;

 

The Company is subject to potential environmental liabilities;

 

The Company may incur losses that are uninsured or exceed policy coverage due to its liability for certain injuries to persons, property or the environment occurring on its properties;

 

The Company could incur additional expenses to comply with or respond to claims under the Americans with Disabilities Act or otherwise be adversely affected by changes in government regulations, including changes in environmental, zoning, tax and other regulations;

 

The Company’s board of directors, which regularly reviews the Company’s business strategy and objectives, may change its strategic plan;

 

A change in the Company’s relationship with DDR and DDR’s ability to retain qualified personnel and adequately manage the Company; and

 

Potential conflicts of interest with DDR and the Company’s ability to replace DDR as manager (and the fees to be paid to any replacement manager) in the event the management agreements are terminated.

Item 3 . QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

The Company’s primary market risk exposure is interest rate risk. At June 30, 2018, the Company’s outstanding indebtedness was composed of all variable-rate debt with a carrying value of $1,241.8 million, a fair value of $1,272.0 million and an estimate of the effect of a 100 basis-point increase in interest rates was $1,271.3 million. At December 31, 2017, the Company’s outstanding indebtedness was composed of all fixed-rate debt. At December 31, 2017, the Company’s carrying value of the fixed-rate debt was

34

 


 

$1,134.2 million, the fair value was $1,170.6 million and an estimate of the effect of a 100 basis-point increase in i nterest rates was $1,115.2 million. The sensitivity to changes in interest rates of the Company’s fixed-rate debt was determined using a valuation model based upon factors that measure the net present value of such obligations that arise from the hypothet ical estimate as discussed above.

As discussed in the section entitled “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Liquidity, Capital Resources and Financing Activities,” in February 2018, the Company entered into a $1.35 billion mortgage loan the proceeds of which were used to repay all outstanding indebtedness of the Company and certain indebtedness of DDR. In addition, in connection with the financing, the Company entered into an interest rate cap agreement with a LIBOR strike rate of 3.0% and a notional amount of $1.27 billion. As such, a 100 basis-point increase in short-term market interest rates on variable-rate debt at June 30, 2018, would result in an increase in interest expense of approximately $0.5 million for the six-month period. The estimated increase in interest expense does not give effect to possible changes in the daily balance of the Company’s outstanding variable-rate debt.

The Company intends to use proceeds from asset sales for working capital, to repay its indebtedness and, to the extent permitted by the mortgage financing, for general corporate purposes including distributions to the Company’s shareholders. To the extent the Company were to incur variable-rate indebtedness, its exposure to increases in interest rates in an inflationary period could increase. The Company does not believe, however, that increases in interest expense as a result of inflation will significantly impact the Company’s distributable cash flow.

The Company intends to continually monitor and actively manage interest costs on any variable-rate debt portfolio and may enter into swap positions or interest rate caps. Accordingly, the cost of obtaining such protection agreements in relation to the Company’s access to capital markets will continue to be evaluated. The Company has not entered, and does not plan to enter, into any derivative financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes. As of June 30, 2018, the Company had no other material exposure to market risk.

 

I tem  4.

CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

The Company’s management, with the participation of the Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) and Chief Financial Officer (“CFO”), conducted an evaluation, pursuant to Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(b) and 15d-15(b), of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures.  Based on their evaluation as required, the CEO and CFO have concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) were effective as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in Securities and Exchange Commission rules and forms and were effective as of the end of such period to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to the Company’s management, including its CEO and CFO, or persons performing similar functions, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

During the three months ended June 30, 2018, there were no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting that materially affected or are reasonably likely to materially affect the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

35

 


 

PART II

OTHER INFORMATION

 

I tem  1.

LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

The Company and its subsidiaries are subject to various legal proceedings, which, taken together, are not expected to have a material adverse effect on the Company.  The Company is also subject to a variety of legal actions for personal injury or property damage arising in the ordinary course of its business, most of which are covered by insurance.  While the resolution of all matters cannot be predicted with certainty, management believes that the final outcome of such legal proceedings and claims will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s liquidity, financial position or results of operations.

 

I tem  1A.

RISK FACTORS

There have been no material changes to the risk factors set forth in Amendment No. 1 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form 10, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 14, 2018.

 

I tem  2.

UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

None.

 

I tem  3.

DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES

None.

 

I tem  4.

MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not applicable.

 

I tem  5.

OTHER INFORMATION

None.

 

36

 


 

I tem  6.

E XHIBITS

 

 

 

2.1

 

Separation and Distribution Agreement dated July 1, 2018, by and between DDR Corp. and Retail Value Inc.

 

 

 

3.1

 

Second Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation of Retail Value Inc. 2

 

 

 

3.2

 

Amended and restated Code of Regulations of Retail Value Inc. 2

 

 

 

10.1

 

Retail Value Inc. 2018 Equity and Incentive Compensation Plan (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.10 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form 10, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 4, 2018, File No. 001-38517)

 

 

 

10.2

 

Tax Matters Agreement dated July 1, 2018, by and between DDR Corp. and Retail Value Inc.

 

 

 

10.3

 

External Management Agreement dated July 1, 2018, by and between Retail Value Inc. and DDR Asset Management LLC

 

 

 

10.4

 

Form of Indemnification Agreement (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on July 2, 2018, File No. 001-38517)

 

 

 

10.5

 

Credit Agreement, dated July 2, 2018, among Retail Value Inc., the lenders named therein and PNC Bank, National Association, as administrative agent

 

 

 

10.6

 

Guaranty Fee and Reimbursement Letter Agreement dated July 2, 2018, by and between Retail Value Inc. and DDR Corp.

 

 

 

10.7

 

Waiver Agreement dated July 1, 2018, by and between Mr. Alexander Otto and Retail Value Inc.

 

 

 

10.8

 

Form of Restricted Share Units Agreement for Directors (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.11 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form 10, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 4, 2018, File No. 001-38517)

 

 

 

31.1

 

Certification of principal executive officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 2

 

 

 

31.2

 

Certification of principal financial officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 2

 

 

 

32.1

 

Certification of chief executive officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of this report pursuant to the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 1,2

 

 

 

32.2

 

Certification of chief financial officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of this report pursuant to the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 1,2

 

 

 

101.INS

 

XBRL Instance Document 2

 

 

 

101.SCH

 

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document 2

 

 

 

101.CAL

 

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document 2

 

 

 

101.DEF

 

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document 2

 

 

 

101.LAB

 

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document 2

 

 

 

101.PRE

 

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document 2

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1

Pursuant to SEC Release No. 34-4751, these exhibits are deemed to accompany this report and are not “filed” as part of this report.

2

Submitted electronically herewith.

Attached as Exhibit 101 to this report are the following formatted in XBRL (Extensible Business Reporting Language): (i) Combined Balance Sheets as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, (ii) Combined Statements of Operations and Other Comprehensive Loss for the Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, (iii)  Combined Statement of Equity for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2018, (iv) Combined Statements of Cash Flows for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 and (vi) Notes to Condensed Combined Financial Statements.

37

 


 

SIGNAT URES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

 

 

 

Retail Value Inc.

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

 

/s/ Christa A. Vesy

 

 

 

 

Name:

 

Christa A. Vesy

 

 

 

 

Title:

 

Executive Vice President
and Chief Accounting Officer
(Authorized Officer)

Date:  August 10, 2018

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

38

 

Exhibit 3.1

SECOND AMENDED AND RESTATED
ARTICLES OF INCORPORATION
OF
retail value inc.

The undersigned, desiring to form a corporation for profit under Section 1701.01, et seq. , of the Ohio Revised Code, does hereby certify:

FIRST:  The name of the corporation shall be Retail Value Inc. (the “Corporation”).

SECOND:  The place in the State of Ohio where the principal office of the Corporation is located is Beachwood, Cuyahoga County.

THIRD:  The purpose of the Corporation is to engage in any lawful act or activity for which corporations may be formed under Section 1701.01, et seq. , of the Ohio Revised Code.

FOURTH:  The authorized number of shares of the Corporation is 210,000,000, consisting of 200,000,000 common shares, $0.10 par value per share (hereinafter called “Common Shares”), and 10,000,000 preferred shares, without par value (hereinafter called “Preferred Shares”), of which 1,000 are hereby designated as “Series A Preferred Shares.”

Division A

The Series A Preferred Shares shall have the following rights, preferences, powers, privileges, restrictions, qualifications and limitations.

Section 1. Definitions .  For the purposes of this Division A of this Article FOURTH, the following terms shall have the following meanings:

Asset Sales ” shall mean:

 

(1)

the sale, conveyance or other disposition of any assets or rights; and

 

(2)

the issuance of capital stock in any of the Subsidiaries or the sale of capital stock in any of the Subsidiaries.

Notwithstanding the preceding, none of the following transactions will be deemed to be an Asset Sale:

 

(1)

a transfer of assets between or among the Corporation and the Subsidiaries;

 

(2)

an issuance of capital stock by a Subsidiary to the Corporation or to a Subsidiary;

 

(3)

the lease of properties owned or managed by the Corporation or any Subsidiaries in the ordinary course of business;

 

(4)

the sale or other disposition of cash or Cash Equivalents; and

 


 

 

(5)

payments that are permitted in accordance with Section 6 of this Division A of this Article FOURTH.

Cash Equivalents ” shall mean:

 

(1)

United States dollars;

 

(2)

securities issued or directly and fully guaranteed or insured by the United States government or any agency or instrumentality of the United States government ( provided that the full faith and credit of the United States is pledged in support of those securities) having maturities of not more than six months from the date of acquisition;

 

(3)

certificates of deposit and Eurodollar time deposits with maturities of six months or less from the date of acquisition, bankers’ acceptances with maturities not exceeding six months and overnight bank deposits, in each case, with any domestic commercial bank having capital and surplus in excess of $500.0 million and a Thomson Bank Watch Rating of “B” or better;

 

(4)

repurchase obligations with a term of not more than seven days for underlying securities of the types described in clauses (2) and (3) above entered into with any financial institution meeting the qualifications specified in clause (3) above;

 

(5)

commercial paper having one of the two highest ratings obtainable from Moody’s or S&P and, in each case, maturing within six months after the date of acquisition; and

 

(6)

money market funds at least 95% of the assets of which constitute Cash Equivalents of the kinds described in clauses (1) through (5) of this definition.

Hedging Obligations ” shall mean the obligations of the Corporation under:

 

(1)

interest rate swap agreements (whether from fixed to floating or from floating to fixed), interest rate cap agreements and interest rate collar agreements;

 

(2)

other agreements or arrangements designed to manage interest rates or interest rate risk; and

 

(3)

other agreements or arrangements designed to protect the Corporation against fluctuations in currency exchange rates or commodity prices.

Indebtedness ” shall mean any indebtedness of the Corporation (excluding accrued expenses and trade payables), whether or not contingent:

 

(1)

in respect of borrowed money:

 

(2)

evidenced by bonds, notes, debentures or similar instruments or letters of credit (or reimbursement agreements in respect thereof);

- 2 -

 


 

 

(3)

in respect of banker’s acceptances;

 

(4)

representing the amount of liability in respect of leases that would at that time be required to be capitalized on a balance sheet prepared in accordance with GAAP;

 

(5)

representing the balance deferred and unpaid of the purchase price of any property or services due more than six months after such property is acquired or such services are completed; or

 

(6)

representing any Hedging Obligations,

if and to the extent any of the preceding items (other than letters of credit and Hedging Obligations) would appear as a liability upon a balance sheet of the specified Person prepared in accordance with GAAP.  In addition, the term “Indebtedness” includes all Indebtedness of others secured by a lien on any asset of the Corporation (whether or not such Indebtedness is assumed by the Corporation) and, to the extent not otherwise included, the guarantee by the Corporation of any Indebtedness of any other Person.  Indebtedness shall be calculated without giving effect to the effects of Accounting Standards Codification No. 815 and related interpretations to the extent such effects would otherwise increase or decrease an amount of Indebtedness for any purpose under this Charter as a result of accounting for any embedded derivatives created by the terms of such Indebtedness.  

Code ” shall mean the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended from time to time.

Maximum Dividend Threshold ” shall mean:

 

(1)

the sum of (i) the Indebtedness of the Corporation as of the fifth business day after the Spin-Off Date plus (ii) the product of the VWAP and the total number of Common Shares outstanding on the fifth business day after the Spin-Off Date; multiplied by

 

(2)

110%.

Person ” shall have the meaning assigned to it in Section 4(a) of Division C of this Article FOURTH.

Required REIT Distribution ” shall mean an amount equal to the minimum amount of the dividend required to be distributed with respect to any taxable year in order for the Corporation to qualify, or maintain its status, as a REIT (as such term is defined in the Code) and to avoid any U.S. federal income taxes imposed by Code sections 857(b)(1) and 857(b)(3). Such amount will be determined in good faith by the Board of Directors of the Corporation based on 102.5% of the Corporation’s then estimated taxable income, inclusive of net capital gains, for such taxable year.

Series A Maximum Dividend ” shall mean (1) $190,000,000 plus (2) the aggregate gross proceeds of Asset Sales by the Corporation and the Subsidiaries from and after the Spin-Off Date minus the Maximum Dividend Threshold as calculated at the time each dividend is declared, up to, in the case of this clause (2), $10,000,000; provided, however, that if the difference calculated pursuant to this clause (2) is negative, then the difference shall be deemed to be zero.

- 3 -

 


 

Spin-Off Date ” shall have the meaning assigned to it in Section 4(a) of Division C of this Article FOURTH.

Subsidiary ” shall mean:

 

(1)

any corporation, association or other business entity of which 100% of the total voting power of shares of capital stock or other equity interest, as applicable, entitled (without regard to the occurrence of any contingency and after giving effect to any voting agreement or stockholders’ agreement that effectively transfers voting power) to vote in the election of directors, managers or trustees of the corporation, association or other business entity is at the time owned or controlled, directly or indirectly, by the Corporation or one or more of the other Subsidiaries (or a combination thereof); and

 

(2)

any partnership (a) the sole general partner or the managing general partner of which is the Corporation or a Subsidiary or (b) the only general partners of which are the Corporation or one or more Subsidiaries (or any combination thereof).

“VWAP ” shall mean the volume-weighted average price of one Common Share as displayed under the heading “Bloomberg VWAP” on Bloomberg page “FIVN <equity> AQR” (or its equivalent successor if such page is not available) in respect of the period from the scheduled open of trading on the Spin-Off Date until the scheduled close of trading of the primary trading session on the fifth business day after the Spin-Off Date (or if such volume-weighted average price is unavailable, the market value of one of the Common Shares on the fifth business day after the Spin-Off Date determined, using a volume-weighted average method, by a nationally recognized independent investment banking firm retained for this purpose by the Corporation).

Section 2. Ranking .  The Series A Preferred Shares rank, with respect to dividend rights and rights upon liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Corporation, senior in preference and priority to the Common Shares of the Corporation and any securities into which the Common Shares may be reclassified, and each other class or series of capital stock of the Corporation including any other Preferred Shares (collectively, the “Junior Securities”).

Section 3. Dividend Rights .  The holders of outstanding shares of Series A Preferred Shares shall be entitled to receive dividends, when, as and if declared by the Board of Directors of the Corporation (the “Board of Directors”) in a separate declaration, out of any assets that are legally available therefor, and the Corporation shall not declare, pay or set aside any dividends on shares of any other class or series of capital stock of the Corporation unless the holders of the Series A Preferred Shares then outstanding shall first have received dividends in an aggregate amount equal to the Series A Maximum Dividend. The holders of the outstanding Series A Preferred Shares can waive any dividend right that such holders shall be entitled to under this Section 3 of this Division A of this Article FOURTH upon the affirmative vote or written consent of the holders a majority of the shares of Series A Preferred Shares then outstanding.

Notwithstanding the foregoing, the holders of outstanding Common Shares shall be entitled to receive dividends, when, as and if declared by the Board of Directors, out of any

- 4 -

 


 

assets legally available therefor if and only to the extent that such dividend is necessary to enable the Corporation to make Required REIT Distributions.

Section 4. Rights Upon Liquidation .  For so long as Series A Preferred Shares remain outstanding, in the event of any voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding up of, any distribution of the assets of, the Corporation or the commencement of any proceedings for bankruptcy, insolvency, receivership or similar action of the Corporation (each of such events, a “ Liquidation Event ”), the holders of the Series A Preferred Shares shall be entitled to be paid out of the assets of the Corporation legally available for distribution to its stockholders before and in preference to any payments on a Liquidation Event to any Junior Securities, an aggregate amount equal to the then-remaining Series A Maximum Dividend (the “ Liquidation Amount ”) payable on a pro rata basis to each holder of Series A Preferred Shares then outstanding on or prior to the occurrence of any Liquidation Event. After payment of the Liquidation Amount to the holders of the Series A Preferred Shares, the holders of the Series A Preferred Shares shall have no right or claim to any of the remaining assets of the Corporation.

Notwithstanding the foregoing, the holders of outstanding Common Shares shall be entitled to receive any payments on a Liquidation Event to the extent that such payments are necessary to enable the Corporation to qualify, or maintain its status, as a REIT.

Section 5. Voting and Consent Rights .  Except as provided in this Section or as required by law, the holders of the Series A Preferred Shares shall not be entitled to vote on any matter presented to the holders of Common Shares for their action or consideration.

Notwithstanding the above, for so long as Series A Preferred Shares remain outstanding, the Corporation shall not, without first obtaining the written consent or affirmative vote of a majority of the outstanding Series A Preferred Shares, take any of the following actions:

(a) any voluntary initiation of a liquidation or commencement of a proceeding for bankruptcy, insolvency, receivership or similar action of the Corporation;

(b) making any amendment, alteration or repeal (including, without limitation, as a result of a merger, consolidation, or other extraordinary transaction) of any provisions of these Second Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation of the Corporation (this “Charter”) or the Amended and Restated Code of Regulations (the “Code of Regulations”) of the Corporation that amends, modifies or adversely affects the rights, preferences, powers, privileges, conditions or voting powers of the Series A Preferred Shares;

(c) unless in connection with an election of directors as required by the Series A Preferred Shares pursuant to Section 7 of this Division A of this Article FOURTH, increase or decrease the number of directors on the Board of Directors to greater than nine or less than five; or

(d) issue any additional shares of Series A Preferred Shares.

Section 6. Restrictions on Payments .  

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(a) For so long as there are Series A Preferred Shares outstanding, the Corporation will not, and will not permit any Subsidiaries to, directly or indirectly:

(i) declare or pay any dividend or make any other payment or distribution in any form on account of the Corporation’s capital stock (including, without limitation, any payment in connection with any merger or consolidation involving the Corporation or any of the Subsidiaries) or to the direct or indirect holders of the Corporation’s capital stock unless otherwise permitted by Section 3 of this Division A of this Article FOURTH;

(ii) purchase, redeem or otherwise acquire or retire for value (including, without limitation, in connection with any merger or consolidation involving the Corporation) any capital stock of the Corporation, other than the Series A Preferred Shares, unless done so in accordance with an equity compensation plan approved by the Board of Directors; or

(iii) issue Preferred Shares (other than the Series A Preferred Shares, subject to Section 5 of this Division A of this Article FOURTH) that are not Junior Securities.

(b) For so long as there are Series A Preferred Shares outstanding, the Corporation will not, and will not permit any Subsidiaries to, directly or indirectly:

(i) make capital contributions to any Person that is not a Subsidiary, other than with respect to any obligation, existing at the time of the Spin-Off Date, to contribute capital to any joint venture entity;

(ii) purchase or otherwise acquire a capital interest in a Person that is not a Subsidiary;

(iii) purchase or otherwise acquire the business or assets of another Person substantially as an entirety;

(iv) purchase or otherwise acquire interests in real property;

(v) develop or redevelop (or cause the development or redevelopment of) all or any portion of any real property owned, leased or subleased by the Corporation or any Subsidiary (provided, however, that the Corporation and Subsidiaries shall not be prohibited from (i) performing any obligations of a landlord under a retail tenant lease (including, without limitation, performing tenant build-out work), (ii) maintaining a property or otherwise making capital expenditures with respect to a property in the ordinary course of business, or (iii) restoring a property to substantially its pre-casualty condition following a casualty event); or

(vi) make loans or advances to a Person that is not the Corporation or a Subsidiary other than loans or advances to such Person made in the ordinary course of the Corporation’s business or relating to the Corporation’s or any Subsidiary’s property,

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unless, with respect to this clause (b), (i) the payments associated with the activities described (b)(i) though (iii) and (vi) above do not individually or in the aggregate, in any calendar year, exceed $10,000,000 and (ii) the payments associated with the activities described in (b)(i) through (vi) above do not individually or in the aggregate, in any calendar year, exceed $20,000,000.

Notwithstanding the foregoing, upon an affirmative vote or written consent of the holders of a majority of the outstanding Series A Preferred Shares, the restrictions contained in this Section 6 in this Division A in this Article FOURTH may be waived in regards to one or more transactions.

Section 7. Election of Directors .  References in this Section 7 of this Division A of this Article FOURTH to “special meetings of shareholders” refer to special meetings of the holders of the Series A Preferred Shares.  Either (i) prior to the repayment in full or refinancing of Indebtedness outstanding under, and the termination of, the Loan Agreement, dated February 14, 2018, by and among certain wholly-owned subsidiaries of DDR Corp. and Column Financial, Inc. (an affiliate of Credit Suisse AG), JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association (the “Mortgage Loan”), or (ii) upon the Corporation having a duty to conduct a redemption pursuant to Section 8 of this Division A of this Article FOURTH but not being able to carry out such redemption due to it being prohibited by Ohio law governing distributions to stockholders, the record holders of at least 10% of the Series A Preferred Shares, exclusively and as a separate class, shall be entitled, after providing at least 10 days’ advance written notice to the Corporation, to call, or the Secretary of the Corporation shall call, upon receiving at least 10 days’ advance written notice from the record holders of at least 10% of the Series A Preferred Shares, a special meeting of shareholders.  In the event that a special meeting of shareholders is called by the Secretary of the Corporation pursuant to this Section 7 of this Division A of this Article FOURTH, notice thereof shall be given by the Corporation in the same manner as required for an annual meeting of shareholders of the Corporation.  Such special meeting of shareholders may only be called for the purpose of the holders of the Series A Preferred Shares electing, by a plurality vote, voting exclusively and as a separate class, either (i) two directors nominated by the holders of the Series A Preferred Shares in the written notice to the Corporation regarding such meeting, if the number of directors on the Board of Directors will be six or fewer following their installment, or (ii) three directors nominated by the holders of the Series A Preferred Shares in the written notice to the Corporation regarding such meeting, if the number of directors on the Board of Directors will be greater than six following their installment, within 30 days of the occurrence of:

(a) the Corporation failing to qualify, or maintain its status, as a REIT;

(b) the consummation of any transaction (including, without limitation, any merger or consolidation) the result of which is that (i) the Corporation sells, assigns, transfers, conveys or otherwise disposes of all or substantially all of its properties or assets, in one or more related transactions, to any Person, or (ii) any Person, directly or indirectly, becomes the beneficial owner of 40% or more of the Common Shares, measured by voting power rather than number of Common Shares; or

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(c) any failure of the Corporation to comply with its duties and obligations under this Division A in this Article FOURTH that is current and continuing.

Notwithstanding the foregoing, any failure of the Corporation to comply with its duties and obligations under Section 6 of this Division A of this Article FOURTH must be continuing for a period of not less than five business days for the right of the holders of the Series A Preferred Shares to nominate and elect directors under this Section 7 of this Division A of this Article FOURTH to arise.

In the event the holders of the Series A Preferred Shares shall have the right to call or cause to be called a special meeting of shareholders for the election of directors to the Board of Directors pursuant to this Section 7 of this Division A of this Article FOURTH, in lieu of holding such special meeting of shareholders to elect such directors, the holders of the Series A Preferred Shares may elect such directors by unanimous written consent.

Notwithstanding any provision of these Second Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation, the directors who may be elected to the Board of Directors by the holders of Series A Preferred Shares pursuant to this Section 7 of this Division A of this Article FOURTH shall serve in addition to any other directors then in office or proposed to be elected otherwise than pursuant to this Subsection. Furthermore, and notwithstanding the foregoing, the number of directors that the holders of Series A Preferred Shares shall be eligible to nominate and elect pursuant to this Section 7 of this Division A of this Article FOURTH will be reduced by the number of directors, if any, previously recommended or nominated by the holders of the Series A Preferred Shares sitting on the Board of Directors at the time their right to nominate and elect directors under this Section 7 of this Division A of this Article FOURTH arises. Any directors elected to the Board of Directors pursuant to this Section 7 of this Division A of this Article FOURTH shall be elected for an initial term expiring at the Corporation’s next annual meeting of shareholders. In the event the conditions for the election of directors to the Board of Directors pursuant to this Section 7 of this Division A of this Article FOURTH continue to be satisfied at the end of such directors’ terms, the holders of the Series A Preferred Shares shall be entitled to elect by a plurality vote, voting exclusively and as a separate class, the applicable number of directors for terms expiring at the Corporation’s next annual meeting of shareholders.

Immediately upon such time as the conditions for the election of directors to the Board of Directors pursuant to this Section 7 of this Division A of this Article Fourth are no longer satisfied, the terms of office of the directors then in office who were elected to the Board of Directors pursuant to this Section 7 of this Division A of this Article FOURTH shall terminate immediately. If the office of any such director elected becomes vacant by reason of death, resignation, removal from office or otherwise, the remaining director or directors elected pursuant to this Section 7 of this Division A of this Article FOURTH shall elect a successor who shall hold office for the unexpired term in respect of which such vacancy occurred.

Section 8. Mandatory Redemption . Following the repayment in full or refinancing of the Mortgage Loan, unless prohibited by Ohio law governing distributions to stockholders, (i) the Series A Preferred Shares shall be redeemed within ten days of the occurrence of:

(a) the Corporation failing to qualify, or maintain its status, as a REIT; or

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(b) any failure of the Corporation to comply with its duties and obligations under this Division A in this Article FOURTH, and

(ii) the Series A Preferred Shares shall be redeemed immediately upon the occurrence of:

(a) the consummation of any transaction (including, without limitation, any merger or consolidation) the result of which is that (i) the Corporation sells, assigns, transfers, conveys or otherwise disposes of all or substantially all of its properties or assets, in one or more related transactions, to any Person, or (ii) any Person, directly or indirectly, becomes the beneficial owner of 40% or more of the Common Shares, measured by voting power rather than number of Common Shares; or

(b) the payment by the Corporation to the holders of the Series A Preferred Shares of dividends in an aggregate amount equal to $200,000,000.

The date of any such redemption described in clause (i) or (ii) of this Section 8 of this Division A of this Article FOURTH shall be referred to as the “Mandatory Redemption Date.”

The redemption price payable per share to the holders of Series A Preferred Shares shall be (i) calculated by dividing the number of Series A Preferred Shares outstanding on the applicable Mandatory Redemption Date into the difference of (x) $200,000,000 minus (y) the aggregate amount of dividends previously distributed to the holders of the Series A Preferred Shares in the event of a mandatory redemption due to the occurrence of any of clauses (i)(a), (i)(b) or (ii)(a) above, or (ii) $1 in the event of a mandatory redemption due to the occurrence of clause (ii)(b) above (both redemption prices as used in this Section 8 of this Division A of this Article FOURTH, the “Mandatory Redemption Price”).

The Corporation shall mail, postage prepaid, written notice of redemption (the “Mandatory Redemption Notice”) to each holder of record of the Series A Preferred Shares not less than two days prior to the Mandatory Redemption Date. The Mandatory Redemption Notice shall state:

(a) the Mandatory Redemption Date;

(b) the Mandatory Redemption Price;  

(c) that on the Mandatory Redemption Date, the Mandatory Redemption Price will become due and payable upon each of the Series A Preferred Shares;

(d) if certificated, that the Series A Preferred Shares called for redemption must be surrendered to collect the Mandatory Redemption Price and instructions for the such surrender;

(e) the section of this Charter pursuant to which the Series A Preferred Shares are being redeemed; and

(f) the CUSIP number, if any, assigned to the Series A Preferred Shares.

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A Mandatory Redemption Notice that has been mailed in the manner provided herein shall be conclusively presumed to have been duly given on the date mailed whether or not the holder of the Series A Preferred Shares received the Mandatory Redemption Notice. If the Mandatory Redemption Notice shall have been duly given, and if on the applicable Mandatory Redemption Date, the Mandatory Redemption Price payable upon redemption of the Series A Preferred Shares to be redeemed on such Mandatory Redemption Date is paid or tendered for payment or deposited with an independent payment agent so as to be available therefor in a timely manner, then all rights, preferences, power and privileges with respect to such Series A Preferred Shares shall forthwith after the Mandatory Redemption Date terminate, except only the right of the holders to receive the Mandatory Redemption Price without interest.

Section 9. Optional Redemption . The Corporation may redeem the Series A Preferred Shares, or any part thereof, at any time. If less than all of the Series A Preferred Shares are to be redeemed, then the Series A Preferred Shares to be redeemed will be selected by lot or by other similar method ratably among the holders of the Series A Preferred Shares.

The date of such redemption shall be referred to as the “Optional Redemption Date.”

The redemption price payable per share to the holders of Series A Preferred Shares shall be calculated by dividing the number of Series A Preferred Shares outstanding on the applicable Optional Redemption Date into the difference of (x) $200,000,000 minus (y) the aggregate amount of dividends previously distributed to the holders of the Series A Preferred Shares to be redeemed (the “Optional Redemption Price”).

The Corporation shall mail, postage prepaid, written notice of redemption (the “Optional Redemption Notice”) to each holder of record of the Series A Preferred Shares not less than two days prior to the Optional Redemption Date. The Optional Redemption Notice shall state:

(a) the Optional Redemption Date;

(b) the Optional Redemption Price;  

(c) that on the Optional Redemption Date, the Optional Redemption Price will become due and payable upon each of the Series A Preferred Shares;

(d) if certificated, that the Series A Preferred Shares called for redemption must be surrendered to collect the Optional Redemption Price and instructions for the such surrender;

(e) the section of this Charter pursuant to which the Series A Preferred Shares are being redeemed; and

(f) the CUSIP number, if any, assigned to the Series A Preferred Shares.

An Optional Redemption Notice that has been mailed in the manner provided herein shall be conclusively presumed to have been duly given on the date mailed whether or not the holder of the Series A Preferred Shares received the Optional Redemption Notice. If the Optional Redemption Notice shall have been duly given, and if on the applicable Optional Redemption

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Date, the Optional Redemption Price payable upon redemption of the Series A Preferred Shares to be redeemed on such Optional Redemption Date is paid or tendered for payment or deposited with an independent payment agent so as to be available therefor in a timely manner, then all rights, preferences, power and privileges with respect to such Series A Preferred Shares shall forthwith after the Optional Redemption Date terminate, except only the right of the holders to receive the Optional Redemption Price without interest.

Section 10. Redeemed or Otherwise Acquired Shares . Any shares of Series A Preferred Shares that are redeemed or otherwise acquired by the Corporation or any Subsidiaries shall resume the status of authorized but unissued Preferred Shares without designation.

Section 11. Events of Noncompliance and Remedies .  In addition to the other remedies set forth in and contemplated in this Division A of this Article FOURTH with respect to the Series A Preferred Shares, if the Corporation should ever fail to observe or breach its duties and obligations under Section 7 or Section 8 of this Division A of this Article FOURTH, the Corporation hereby agrees that irreparable damage would occur, no adequate remedy at law would exist and damages would be difficult to determine, and, therefore, the holders of the Series A Preferred Shares shall be entitled to specific performance of the terms of Section 7 and Section 8, as applicable, of this Division A of this Article FOURTH in addition to any other remedy at law or in equity.

Section 12. Restrictions on Transfer to Preserve Tax Benefit; Series A Preferred Shares Subject to Redemption .

(a) Definitions.   For the purposes of this Section 12 and Sections 13 and 14 of this Division A of this Article FOURTH, the following terms shall have the following meanings:

Beneficial Ownership ” shall mean ownership of Series A Preferred Shares by a Person who would be treated as an owner of such Series A Preferred Shares either directly or constructively through the application of Section 544 of the Code, as modified by Section 856(h)(1)(B) of the Code.  The terms “Beneficial Owner,” “Beneficially Owns” and “Beneficially Owned” shall have the correlative meanings.

Beneficiary ” shall mean, with respect to any Trust, one or more organizations described in Section 501(c)(3) of the Code (contributions to which must be eligible for deduction under each of Sections 170(b)(1)(A), 2055 and 2522 of the Code which are named by the Corporation as the beneficiary or beneficiaries of such Trust, in accordance with the provisions of Section 13(a) of this Division A of this Article FOURTH).

Constructive Ownership ” shall mean ownership of Series A Preferred Shares by a Person who would be treated as an owner of such Series A Preferred Shares either directly or Constructively through the application of Section 318 of the Code, as modified by Section 856(d)(5) of the Code.  The terms “Constructive Owner,” “Constructively Owns” and “Constructively Owned” shall have the correlative meanings.

Market Price ” shall mean, with respect to the Series A Preferred Shares, the last reported sales price of the Series A Preferred Shares reported on the New York Stock Exchange

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on the trading day immediately preceding the relevant date or, if the Series A Preferred Shares are not then traded on the New York Stock Exchange, the last reported sales price of the Series A Preferred Shares on the trading day immediately preceding the relevant date as reported on any exchange or quotation system over which the Series A Preferred Shares may be traded, or if the Series A Preferred Shares are not then traded over any exchange or quotation system, then the market price of the Series A Preferred Shares on the relevant date as determined in good faith by the Board of Directors.

Non-Transfer Event ” shall mean an event other than a purported Transfer that would cause any Person to Beneficially Own or Constructively Own Series A Preferred Shares in excess of the Ownership Limit, including, but not limited to, the acquisition, directly or indirectly, of any Person that Beneficially Owns or Constructively Owns Series A Preferred Shares.

Non-U.S. Person ” shall mean a Person other than a U.S. Person.

Ownership Limit ” shall initially mean 5.75% of the outstanding Series A Preferred Shares of the Corporation, and after any adjustment pursuant to Section 12(j) of this Division A of this Article FOURTH, shall mean such percentage of the outstanding Series A Preferred Shares as so adjusted.

Person ” shall mean an individual, corporation, partnership, estate, trust (including a trust qualified under Section 401(a) or 501(c)(17) of the Code), a portion of a trust permanently set aside for or to be used exclusively for the purposes described in Section 642(c) of the Code, an association, a private foundation within the meaning of Section 509(a) of the Code, a joint stock company, other entity or a group as that term is used for purposes of Section 13(d)(3) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; provided, however, that a “Person” does not mean an underwriter which participates in a public offering of the Series A Preferred Shares, for a period of 35 days following the purchase by such underwriter of the Series A Preferred Shares.

Prohibited Owner ” shall mean, with respect to any purported Transfer or Non-Transfer Event, any Person who, but for the provisions of Section 12(c) of this Division A of this Article FOURTH, would own record title to Series A Preferred Shares.

REIT ” shall mean a real estate investment trust within the meaning of Section 856 of the Code.

Related Party Limit ” shall mean 9.8% of the outstanding Series A Preferred Shares of the Corporation.

Spin-off Date ” means the date on which Common Shares were distributed by DDR Corp. to holders of DDR Corp.’s common shares, $0.10 par value per share.

Transfer ” shall mean any sale, transfer, gift, assignment, devise or other disposition of Series A Preferred Shares (including, without limitation, (i) the granting of any option or entering into any agreement for the sale, transfer or other disposition of Series A Preferred Shares or (ii) the sale, transfer, assignment or other disposition of any securities or rights

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convertible into or exchangeable for Series A Preferred Shares), whether voluntary or involuntary, whether of record or beneficially and whether by operation of law or otherwise.

Trust ” shall mean any separate trust created pursuant to Section 12(c) of this Division A of this Article FOURTH and administered in accordance with the terms of Section 12 of this Division A of this Article FOURTH, for the exclusive benefit of any Beneficiary.

Trustee ” shall mean any person or entity unaffiliated with both the Corporation and any Prohibited Owner, such Trustee to be designated by the Corporation to act as trustee of any Trust, or any successor trustee thereof.

U.S. Person ” shall mean (i) a citizen or resident of the United States, (ii) a partnership created or organized in the United States or under the laws of the United States or any state therein (including the District of Columbia), (iii) a corporation created or organized in the United States or under the laws of the United States or any state therein (including the District of Columbia), and (iv) any estate or trust (other than a foreign estate or foreign trust, within the meaning of Section 7701(a)(31) of the Code).

(b) Restrictions on Transfers.

(i) Except as provided in Section 12(l) of this Division A of this Article FOURTH, from and after the Spin-off Date no Person shall Beneficially Own Series A Preferred Shares in excess of the Ownership Limit.

(ii) Except as provided in Section 12(l) of this Division A of this Article FOURTH, any Transfer that, if effective, would result in any Person Beneficially Owning Series A Preferred Shares in excess of the Ownership Limit shall be void ab initio as to the Transfer of such Series A Preferred Shares which would be otherwise Beneficially Owned by such Person in excess of the Ownership Limit, and the intended transferee shall acquire no rights in such Series A Preferred Shares.

(iii) Except as provided in Section 12(l) of this Division A of this Article FOURTH, any Transfer that, if effective, would result in any Person Constructively Owning Series A Preferred Shares in excess of the Related Party Limit shall be void ab initio as to the Transfer of such Series A Preferred Shares which would be otherwise Constructively Owned by such Person in excess of such amount, and the intended transferee shall acquire no rights in such Series A Preferred Shares.

(iv) Any Transfer that, if effective, would result in the Corporation being “closely held” within the meaning of Section 856(h) of the Code shall be void ab initio as to the Transfer of the Series A Preferred Shares which would cause the Corporation to be “closely held” within the meaning of Section 856(h) of the Code, and the intended transferee shall acquire no rights in such Series A Preferred Shares.

(v) No Person shall acquire Beneficial Ownership of any Series A Preferred Shares after the Spin-off Date if, as a result of such acquisition of Beneficial Ownership, the fair market value of the Series A Preferred Shares owned directly and indirectly by Non-U.S. Persons for purposes of Section 897(h)(4)(B) of the Code would

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comprise 49% or more of the fair market value of the issued and outstanding Series A Preferred Shares.

(c) Transfers in Trust.

(i) If, notwithstanding the other provisions contained in this Division A of this Article FOURTH, there is a purported Transfer or Non-Transfer Event such that any Person would Beneficially Own Series A Preferred Shares in excess of the Ownership Limit, then, (1) except as otherwise provided in Section 12(l) of this Division A of this Article FOURTH, the purported transferee shall acquire no right or interest (or, in the case of a Non-Transfer Event, the person holding record title to the Series A Preferred Shares Beneficially Owned by such Beneficial Owner, shall cease to own any right or interest) in such number of Series A Preferred Shares which would cause such Beneficial Owner to Beneficially Own Series A Preferred Shares in excess of the Ownership Limit, and (2) such number of Series A Preferred Shares in excess of the Ownership Limit (rounded up to the nearest whole share) shall be designated Shares-in-Trust and, in accordance with Section 13 of this Division A of this Article FOURTH, transferred automatically and by operation of law to a Trust.  Such transfer to a Trust and the designation of the shares as Shares-in-Trust shall be effective as of the close of business on the business day prior to the date of the purported Transfer or Non-Transfer Event, as the case may be.

(ii) If, notwithstanding the other provisions contained in this Division A of this Article FOURTH, there is a purported Transfer or Non-Transfer Event such that any Person would Constructively Own Series A Preferred Shares in excess of the Related Party Limit, then, (A) except as otherwise provided in Section 12(l) of this Division A of this Article FOURTH, the purported transferee shall acquire no right or interest (or, in the case of a Non-Transfer Event, the person holding record title to the Series A Preferred Shares Constructively Owned by such Constructive Owner, shall cease to own any right or interest) in such number of Series A Preferred Shares which would cause such Constructive Owner to Constructively Own Series A Preferred Shares in excess of the Related Party Limit, and (B) such number of Series A Preferred Shares in excess of the Related Party Limit (rounded up to the nearest whole share) shall be designated Shares-in-Trust and, in accordance with Section 13 of this Division A of this Article FOURTH, transferred automatically and by operation of law to a Trust.  Such transfer to a Trust and the designation of the shares as Shares-in-Trust shall be effective as of the close of business on the business day prior to the date of the purported Transfer or Non-Transfer Event, as the case may be.

(iii) If, notwithstanding the other provisions contained in this Article FOURTH, there is a purported Transfer or Non-Transfer Event that, if effective, would cause the Corporation to become “closely held” within the meaning of Section 856(h) of the Code, then (A) the purported transferee shall not acquire any right or interest (or, in the case of a Non-Transfer Event, the person holding record title of the Series A Preferred Shares with respect to which such Non-Transfer Event occurred, shall cease to own any right or interest) in such number of Series A Preferred Shares, the ownership of which by such purported transferee or record holder would cause the

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Corporation to be “closely held” within the meaning of Section 856(h) of the Code, and (B) such number of Series A Preferred Shares (rounded up to the nearest whole share) shall be designated Shares-in-Trust and, in accordance with the provisions of Section 13 of this Division A of this Article FOURTH, transferred automatically and by operation of law to a Trust.  Such transfer to a Trust and the designation of shares as Shares-in-Trust shall be effective as of the close of business on the business day prior to the date of the Transfer or Non-Transfer Event, as the case may be.

(d) Remedies for Breach.   If the Board of Directors or its designees shall at any time determine in good faith that a Transfer has taken place in violation of Section 12(b) of this Division A of this Article FOURTH or that a Person intends to acquire or has attempted to acquire beneficial ownership (determined without reference to any rules of attribution), Beneficial Ownership or Constructive Ownership of any Series A Preferred Shares of the Corporation in violation of Section 12(b) of this Division A of this Article FOURTH, or that any such Transfer, intended or attempted acquisition or acquisition would jeopardize the status of the Corporation as a REIT under the Code, the Board of Directors or its designees shall take such actions as it deems advisable to refuse to give effect or to prevent such Transfer, including, but not limited to, refusing to give effect to such Transfer on the books of the Corporation or instituting proceedings to enjoin such Transfer.

(e) Notice of Restricted Transfer.   Any Person who acquires or intends to acquire shares in violation of Section 12(b) of this Division A of this Article FOURTH, or any Person who owned Series A Preferred Shares that were transferred to a Trust pursuant to the provisions of Section 12(c) of this Division A of this Article FOURTH, shall immediately give written notice to the Corporation of such event and shall provide to the Corporation such other information as the Corporation may request in order to determine the effect, if any, of such Transfer, intended Transfer or Non-Transfer Event, as the case may be, on the Corporation’s status as a REIT.

(f) Owners Required to Provide Information.

(i) Every Beneficial Owner of more than 5.0% (or such other percentage provided in the regulations promulgated pursuant to the Code) of the outstanding Series A Preferred Shares of the Corporation shall, within 30 days after January 1 of each year, give written notice to the Corporation stating the name and address of such Beneficial Owner, the number of shares Beneficially Owned, and description of how such shares are held.  Each such Beneficial Owner shall provide to the Corporation such additional information as the Corporation may request in order to determine the effect, if any, of such Beneficial Ownership on the Corporation’s status as a REIT.

(ii) Each Person who is a Beneficial Owner or Constructive Owner of Series A Preferred Shares and each Person (including the shareholder of record) who is holding Series A Preferred Shares for a Beneficial Owner or Constructive Owner shall provide to the Corporation such information that the Corporation may request, in good faith, in order to determine the Corporation’s status as a REIT.

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(iii) Each Person who is a Beneficial or Constructive Owner of Series A Preferred Shares and each Person (including the shareholder of record) who is holding Series A Preferred Shares for a Beneficial or Constructive Owner shall provide to the Corporation such information as the Corporation may require, in good faith, in order to determine the Trust’s status as a REIT or a “domestically controlled qualified investment entity” (within the meaning of Section 897(h)(4)(B) of the Code) and to comply with the requirements of any taxing authority or to determine such compliance.

(g) Remedies Not Limited.   Nothing contained in this Division A of this Article FOURTH shall limit the authority of the Board of Directors to take such other action as it deems necessary or advisable to protect the Corporation and the interests of its shareholders by preservation of the Corporation’s status as a REIT.

(h) Ambiguity.   In the case of an ambiguity in the application of any of the provisions of Section 12 of this Division A of this Article FOURTH, including any definition contained in Section 12(a), the Board of Directors shall have the power to determine the application of the provisions of this Section 12 with respect to any situation based on the facts known to it.

(i) Intentionally Omitted.

(j) Modification of Ownership Limit.   Subject to the limitations provided in Section 12(k) of this Division A of this Article FOURTH, the Board of Directors may from time to time increase the Ownership Limit.

(k) Limitations on Modifications.   Notwithstanding any other provision of this Division A of this Article FOURTH:

(i) The Ownership Limit may not be increased if, after giving effect to such increase, five Beneficial Owners of Series A Preferred Shares could Beneficially Own, in the aggregate, more than 49.99% of the outstanding Series A Preferred Shares.

(ii) The Related Party Limit may not be increased to a percentage which is greater than 9.8%.

(l) Exceptions.

(i) The Board of Directors, with a ruling from the Internal Revenue Service or advice from counsel, may exempt a Person from the Ownership Limit if the Board of Directors obtains such representations and undertakings from such Person as are reasonably necessary to ascertain that no individual’s (for purposes of Section 542(a)(2) of the Code) Beneficial Ownership of such Series A Preferred Shares would cause the Corporation to be “closely held” within the meaning of Section 856(h) of the Code and agrees that any violation or attempted violation will result in such Series A Preferred Shares in excess of the Ownership Limit being transferred to a Trust in accordance with Section 12(c) of this Division A of this Article FOURTH.

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(ii) The Board of Directors, with a ruling from the Internal Revenue Service or advice from counsel, may exempt a Person from the limitation on such Person Constructively Owning Series A Preferred Shares in excess of the Related Party Limit if such Person does not own and represents that it will not own, directly or constructively (by virtue of the application of Section 318 of the Code, as modified by Section 856(d)(5) of the Code), more than a 9.9% interest (as set forth in Section 856(d)(2)(B) of the Code) in a tenant of any real property owned or leased by the Corporation, and the Corporation obtains such representations and undertakings from such Person as are reasonably necessary to ascertain this fact and agrees that any violation or attempted violation will result in such Series A Preferred Shares in excess of 9.8% being transferred to a Trust in accordance with Section 12(c) of this Division A of this Article FOURTH.

Section 13. Shares-in-Trust.

(a) Trust.   Any Series A Preferred Shares transferred to a Trust and designated Shares-in-Trust pursuant to Section 12(c) of Division A of this Article FOURTH shall be held for the exclusive benefit of the Beneficiary.  The Corporation shall name a beneficiary of each Trust within five days after discovery of the existence of such Shares-in-Trust.  Any transfer to a Trust, and subsequent designation of Series A Preferred Shares as Shares-in-Trust, pursuant to Section 12(c) of Division A of this Article FOURTH shall be effective as of the close of business on the business day prior to the date of the Transfer or Non-Transfer Event that results in the transfer to the Trust.  Shares-in-Trust shall remain issued and outstanding Series A Preferred Shares and shall be entitled to the same rights and privileges on identical terms and conditions as are all other issued and outstanding Series A Preferred Shares.  When transferred to the Permitted Transferee in accordance with the provisions of Section 13(e) of Division A of this Article FOURTH, such Shares-in-Trust shall cease to be designated as Shares-in-Trust.

(b) Dividend Rights.   The Trustee, as record holder of Shares-in-Trust, shall be entitled to receive all dividends and distributions as may be declared by the Board of Directors on such Series A Preferred Shares and shall hold such dividends or distributions in trust for the benefit of the Beneficiary.  The Prohibited Owner with respect to Shares-in-Trust shall repay to the Trustee the amount of any dividends or distributions received by it that (i) are attributable to any Series A Preferred Shares designated as Shares-in-Trust and (ii) the record date of which was on or after the date that such Series A Preferred Shares became Shares-in-Trust.  The Corporation shall take all measures that it determines reasonably necessary to recover the amount of any such dividend or distribution paid to a Prohibited Owner, including, if necessary, withholding any portion of future dividends or distributions payable on Series A Preferred Shares Beneficially Owned or Constructively Owned by the Person who, but for the provisions of Section 12(c) of Division A of this Article FOURTH, would Beneficially Own or Constructively Own the Shares-in-Trust; and, as soon as reasonably practicable following the Corporation’s receipt or withholding thereof, shall pay over to the Trustee for the benefit of the Beneficiary the dividends so received or withheld, as the case may be.

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(c) Rights Upon Liquidation.   In the event of any voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding up of, or any distribution of the assets of, the Corporation, each holder of Shares-in-Trust shall be entitled to receive, ratably with each other holder of Series A Preferred Shares, that portion of the assets of the Corporation which is available for distribution to the holders of Series A Preferred Shares.  The Trustee shall distribute to the Prohibited Owner the amounts received upon such liquidation, dissolution, or winding up, or distribution; provided, however, that the Prohibited Owner shall not be entitled to receive amounts pursuant to this Section 13(c) of Division A of this Article FOURTH in excess of, in the case of a purported Transfer in which the Prohibited Owner gave value for Series A Preferred Shares and which Transfer resulted in the transfer of the shares to the Trust, the price per share, if any, such Prohibited Owner paid for the Series A Preferred Shares and, in the case of a Non-Transfer Event or Transfer in which the Prohibited Owner did not give value for such shares (e.g., if the shares were received through a gift or devise) and which Non-Transfer Event or Transfer, as the case may be, resulted in the transfer of shares to the Trust, the price per share equal to the Market Price on the date of such Non-Transfer Event or Transfer.  Any remaining amount in such Trust shall be distributed to the Beneficiary.

(d) Voting Rights.   The Trustee shall be entitled to vote all Shares-in-Trust.  Any vote by a Prohibited Owner as a holder of Series A Preferred Shares prior to the discovery by the Corporation that Series A Preferred Shares are Shares-in-Trust shall, subject to applicable law, be rescinded and shall be void ab initio with respect to such Shares-in-Trust, and the Prohibited Owner shall be deemed to have given, as of the close of business on the business day prior to the date of the purported Transfer or Non-Transfer Event that results in the transfer to the Trust of the Series A Preferred Shares  pursuant to Section 12(c) of Division A of this Article FOURTH, an irrevocable proxy to the Trustee to vote the Shares-in-Trust in the manner in which the Trustee, in its sole and absolute discretion, desires.

(e) Designation of Permitted Transferee.   The Trustee shall have the exclusive and absolute right to designate a Permitted Transferee of any and all Shares-in-Trust.  As reasonably practicable as possible, in an orderly fashion so as not to materially adversely affect the Market Price of the Shares-in-Trust, the Trustee shall designate any Person as Permitted Transferee, provided, however, that (i) the Permitted Transferee so designated purchases for valuable consideration (whether in a public or private sale) the Shares-in-Trust and (ii) the Permitted Transferee so designated may acquire such Shares-in-Trust without such acquisition resulting in a transfer to a Trust and the redesignation of such Series A Preferred Shares so acquired as Shares-in-Trust under Section 12(c) of Division A of this Article FOURTH.  Upon the designation by the Trustee of a Permitted Transferee in accordance with the provisions of this subparagraph, the Trustee of a Trust shall (i) cause to be transferred to the Permitted Transferee that number of Shares-in-Trust acquired by the Permitted Transferee, (ii) cause to be recorded on the books of the Corporation that the Permitted Transferee is the holder of record of such number of Series A Preferred Shares, and (iii) distribute to the Beneficiary any and all amounts held with respect to the Shares-in-Trust after making that payment to the Prohibited Owner pursuant to Section 13(f) of Division A of this Article FOURTH.

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(f) Compensation to Record Holder of Series A Preferred Shares that Become Shares-In-Trust.   Any Prohibited Owner shall be entitled (following discovery of the Shares-In-Trust and subsequent designation of the Permitted Transferee in accordance with Section 12(e) of Division A of this Article FOURTH) to receive from the Trustee the lesser of (i) in the case of (A) a purported Transfer in which the Prohibited Owner gave value for Series A Preferred Shares and which Transfer resulted in the transfer of the Series A Preferred Shares to the Trust, the price per share, if any, such Prohibited Owner paid for the Series A Preferred Shares, or (B) a Non-Transfer Event or Transfer in which the Prohibited Owner did not give value for such Series A Preferred Shares (e.g., if the shares were received through a gift or devise) and which Non-Transfer Event or Transfer, as the case may be, resulted in the transfer of Series A Preferred Shares to the Trust, the price per share equal to the Market Price on the date of such Non-Transfer Event or Transfer, and (ii) the price per share received by the Trustee of the Trust from the sale or other disposition of such Shares-in-Trust in accordance with Section 13(e) of Division A of this Article FOURTH.  Any amounts received by the Trustee in respect of such Shares-in-Trust and in excess of such amounts to be paid the Prohibited Owner pursuant to this Section 13(f) of Division A of this Article FOURTH shall be distributed to the Beneficiary in accordance with the provisions of Section 13(e) of Division A of this Article FOURTH.  Each Beneficiary and Prohibited Owner waive any and all claims that they may have against the Trustee and the Corporation arising out of the disposition of Shares-in-Trust, except for claims arising out of the gross negligence or willful misconduct of, or any failure to make payments in accordance with this Section 13 of Division A of this Article FOURTH by, such Trustee or the Corporation.

(g) Purchase Right in Shares-in-Trust.   Shares-in-Trust shall be deemed to have been offered for sale to the Corporation, or its designee, at a price per share equal to the lesser of (i) the price per share in the transaction that created such Shares-in-Trust (or, in the case of devise, gift or Non-Transfer Event, the Market Price at the time of such devise, gift or Non-Transfer Event) and (ii) the Market Price on the date the Corporation, or its designee, accepts such offer.  The Corporation shall have the right to accept such offer for a period of ninety days after the later of (i) the date of the Non-Transfer Event or purported Transfer which resulted in such Shares-in-Trust and (ii) the date the Corporation determines in good faith that a Transfer or Non-Transfer Event resulting in Shares-in-Trust has occurred, if the Corporation does not receive a notice of such Transfer or Non-Transfer Event pursuant to Section 12(e) of Division A of this Article FOURTH.  Prompt payment of the purchase price shall be made in such reasonable manner as may be determined by the Corporation.

Section 14. Legend . Any certificate for Series A Preferred Shares shall bear the following legend:

“THE SECURITIES REPRESENTED BY THIS CERTIFICATE HAVE NOT BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED (THE “SECURITIES ACT”), AND MAY NOT BE TRANSFERRED, SOLD OR OTHERWISE DISPOSED OF EXCEPT WHILE A REGISTRATION STATEMENT RELATING THERETO IS IN EFFECT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OR PURSUANT TO AN EXEMPTION FROM REGISTRATION UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT.

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The Series A Preferred Shares represented by this certificate are also subject to restrictions on transfer for the purpose of the Corporation’s maintenance of its status as a Real Estate Investment Trust under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.  Subject to certain provisions of the Corporation’s Articles of Incorporation, no Person may Beneficially Own Series A Preferred Shares in excess of 5.75% of the outstanding Series A Preferred Shares of the Corporation (other than the Exempt Holder), no Person may Constructively Own Series A Preferred Shares in excess of 9.8% of the outstanding Series A Preferred Shares of the Corporation and no Person may acquire Beneficial Ownership of any Series A Preferred Shares after the Spin-off Date if, as a result of such acquisition, the fair market value of the Series A Preferred Shares owned directly and indirectly by Non-U.S. Persons would comprise more than 49% of the fair market value of the issued and outstanding Series A Preferred Shares.  Any Person who attempts to Beneficially Own or Constructively Own Series A Preferred Shares in excess of the above limitations must immediately notify the Corporation.  All capitalized items in this legend have the meanings defined in the Corporation’s Articles of Incorporation, a copy of which, including the restrictions on transfer, will be sent without charge to each shareholder who so requests.  If the restrictions on transfer are violated, certain of the Series A Preferred Shares represented hereby will be transferred automatically and by operation of law to a Trust and shall be designated Shares-in-Trust.”

Section 15. Ambiguity . In the case of an ambiguity in the application of any of the provisions of this Division A of this Article FOURTH, the Board of Directors shall have the power to determine the application of the provisions of this Section with respect to any situation based on the facts known to it and the original intent of the relevant provisions.

DIVISION B

The Board of Directors is hereby authorized to issue additional series of Preferred Shares and to fix from time to time before issuance the number of shares to be included in any such series and the designation, rights, preferences, powers, privileges, restrictions, qualifications and limitations thereof, subject to the rights, preferences, powers and privileges of the Series A Preferred Shares as set forth in Division A of this Article Fourth (including but not limited to Section 2 thereof). The authority of the Board of Directors with respect to each such series will include, without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the determination of any or all of the following:

(a) the number of shares of any series and the designation to distinguish the shares of such series from the shares of all other series;  

(b) the voting powers, if any, and whether such voting powers are full or limited in such series;

(c) whether dividends, if any, will be cumulative or noncumulative, the dividend rate of such series, and the dates and preferences of dividends on such series;  

(d) the redemption rights and price or prices, if any, for shares of such series;

(e) the terms and amount of the sinking fund, if any, for the purchase or redemption of shares of such series;

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(f) the amounts payable on shares of such series in the event of any voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the affairs of the Corporation;

(g) whether the shares of such series shall be convertible into Common Shares or shares of any other class and, if so, the conversion rate or rates or price or prices, any adjustments thereof and all other terms and conditions upon which such conversion may be made;

(h) restrictions on the issuance of shares of the same series or of any other class or series; and

(i) such other terms that the Board of Directors determines in its sole discretion are appropriate for the Corporation to maintain its status as a REIT.

The Board of Directors is authorized to adopt from time to time amendments to the Charter, fixing, with respect to any such series, the matters described in clauses (a) through (i), inclusive, of this Section and is authorized to take such actions with respect thereto as may be required by law in order to effect such amendments.

DIVISION C

Subject to the rights, preferences, powers and privileges of the Series A Preferred Shares as set forth in Division A of this Article FOURTH (including but not limited to Section 2 thereof) and of any other series or class of Preferred Shares as may be established by the Board of Directors from time to time in accordance with the provisions hereof, the Common Shares shall have the following express terms:

Section 1. Dividend Rights .  The holders of Common Shares shall be entitled to receive, when, as and if declared by the Board of Directors, out of the assets of the Corporation which are by law available therefor, dividends or distributions payable in cash, in property or in securities of the Corporation, subject to the prior right and preference of the Series A Preferred Shares and any other Preferred Shares established by the Board of Directors.

Section 2. Rights Upon Liquidation .  In the event of any voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding up of, or any distribution of the assets of, the Corporation, each holder of Common Shares shall be entitled to receive, ratably with each other holder of Common Shares, that portion of the assets of the Corporation available for distribution to its shareholders as the number of Common Shares held by such holder bears to the total number of Common Shares then outstanding, subject to the prior right and preference of the Series A Preferred Shares and any other Preferred Shares established by the Board of Directors.

Section 3. Voting Rights .  The holders of Common Shares shall be entitled to vote on all matters (for which holders of Common Shares shall be entitled to vote thereon) at all meetings of the shareholders of the Corporation, and shall be entitled to one vote for each Common Share entitled to vote at such meeting.

Section 4. Restrictions on Transfer to Preserve Tax Benefit; Common Shares Subject to Redemption .

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(a) Definitions.   For the purposes of this Section 4 of this Division C of this Article FOURTH, the following terms shall have the following meanings:

Beneficial Ownership ” shall mean ownership of Common Shares by a Person who would be treated as an owner of such Common Shares either directly or constructively through the application of Section 544 of the Code, as modified by Section 856(h)(1)(B) of the Code.  The terms “Beneficial Owner,” “Beneficially Owns” and “Beneficially Owned” shall have the correlative meanings.

Beneficiary ” shall mean, with respect to any Trust, one or more organizations described in Section 501(c)(3) of the Code (contributions to which must be eligible for deduction under each of Sections 170(b)(1)(A), 2055 and 2522 of the Code which are named by the Corporation as the beneficiary or beneficiaries of such Trust, in accordance with the provisions of Section 6(a) of this Division C of this Article FOURTH).

Constructive Ownership ” shall mean ownership of Common Shares by a Person who would be treated as an owner of such Common Shares either directly or Constructively through the application of Section 318 of the Code, as modified by Section 856(d)(5) of the Code.  The terms “Constructive Owner,” “Constructively Owns” and “Constructively Owned” shall have the correlative meanings.

Exempt Holder ” shall mean, collectively, (i) Professor Werner Otto, his wife Maren Otto and/or all descendants of Professor Werner Otto (illegitimate descendants only if they have obtained the status of a legitimate descendant by legitimation or adoption by Professor Werner Otto or one of his legitimate descendants, or if they are children of a female legitimate descendant of Professor Werner Otto), (ii) any trust or any family foundation that has exclusively been established in favor of one or several of the individuals named under (i) above, and (iii) any partnership, firm, corporation, association, trust, unincorporated organization, joint venture, limited liability company or other legal entity, in which the individuals or entities named under (i) and (ii) hold (either directly or indirectly) more than 50% of the voting rights or more than 50% of the equity capital of such any such partnership, firm, corporation, association, trust, unincorporated organization, joint venture, limited liability company or other legal entity.

Exempt Holder Limit ” shall initially mean 29.8% of the outstanding Common Shares of the Corporation, and after any adjustment pursuant to Section (4)(i) of this Division C of this Article FOURTH, shall mean such percentage of the outstanding Common Shares as so adjusted.

“Market Price”  shall mean the last reported sales price of the Common Shares reported on the New York Stock Exchange on the trading day immediately preceding the relevant date or, if the Common Shares are not then traded on the New York Stock Exchange, the last reported sales price of the Common Shares on the trading day immediately preceding the relevant date as reported on any exchange or quotation system over which the Common Shares may be traded, or if the Common Shares are not then traded over any exchange or quotation system, then the market price of the Common Shares on the relevant date as determined in good faith by the Board of Directors.

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Non-Transfer Event ” shall mean an event other than a purported Transfer that would cause any Person to Beneficially Own or Constructively Own Common Shares in excess of the Ownership Limit (in the case of any Person other than the Exempt Holder) or the Exempt Holder Limit (in the case of the Exempt Holder), including, but not limited to, the acquisition, directly or indirectly, of any Person that Beneficially Owns or Constructively Owns Common Shares.

Non-U.S. Person ” shall mean a Person other than a U.S. Person.

Ownership Limit ” shall initially mean 5.0% of the outstanding Common Shares of the Corporation, and after any adjustment pursuant to Section 4(j) of this Division C of this Article FOURTH, shall mean such percentage of the outstanding Common Shares as so adjusted.

Person ” shall mean an individual, corporation, partnership, estate, trust (including a trust qualified under Section 401(a) or 501(c)(17) of the Code), a portion of a trust permanently set aside for or to be used exclusively for the purposes described in Section 642(c) of the Code, an association, a private foundation within the meaning of Section 509(a) of the Code, a joint stock company, other entity or a group as that term is used for purposes of Section 13(d)(3) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; provided, however, that a “Person” does not mean an underwriter which participates in a public offering of the Common Shares, for a period of 35 days following the purchase by such underwriter of the Common Shares.

Prohibited Owner ” shall mean, with respect to any purported Transfer or Non-Transfer Event, any Person who, but for the provisions of Section 4(c) of this Division C of this Article FOURTH, would own record title to Common Shares.

REIT ” shall mean a real estate investment trust within the meaning of Section 856 of the Code.

Related Party Limit ” shall mean 9.8% of the outstanding Common Shares of the Corporation.

Spin-off Date ” means the date on which Common Shares were distributed by DDR Corp. to holders of DDR Corp.’s common shares, $0.10 par value per share.

Transfer ” shall mean any sale, transfer, gift, assignment, devise or other disposition of Common Shares (including, without limitation, (i) the granting of any option or entering into any agreement for the sale, transfer or other disposition of Common Shares or (ii) the sale, transfer, assignment or other disposition of any securities or rights convertible into or exchangeable for Common Shares), whether voluntary or involuntary, whether of record or beneficially and whether by operation of law or otherwise.

Trust ” shall mean any separate trust created pursuant to Section 4(c) of this Division C of this Article FOURTH and administered in accordance with the terms of Section 6 of this Division C of this Article FOURTH, for the exclusive benefit of any Beneficiary.

Trustee ” shall mean any person or entity unaffiliated with both the Corporation and any Prohibited Owner, such Trustee to be designated by the Corporation to act as trustee of any Trust, or any successor trustee thereof.

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U.S. Person ” shall mean (i) a citizen or resident of the United States, (ii) a partnership created or organized in the United States or under the laws of the United States or any state therein (including the District of Columbia), (iii) a corporation created or organized in the United States or under the laws of the United States or any state therein (including the District of Columbia), and (iv) any estate or trust (other than a foreign estate or foreign trust, within the meaning of Section 7701(a)(31) of the Code).

(b) Restrictions on Transfers.

(i) Except as provided in Section 4(l) of this Division C of this Article FOURTH, from and after the Spin-off Date, (A) no Person (other than the Exempt Holder) shall Beneficially Own Common Shares in excess of the Ownership Limit and (B) the Exempt Holder shall not Beneficially Own Common Shares in excess of the Exempt Holder Limit.

(ii) Except as provided in Section 4(l) of this Division C of this Article FOURTH, any Transfer that, if effective, would result in any Person (other than the Exempt Holder) Beneficially Owning Common Shares in excess of the Ownership Limit shall be void ab initio as to the Transfer of such Common Shares which would be otherwise Beneficially Owned by such Person in excess of the Ownership Limit, and the intended transferee shall acquire no rights in such Common Shares.

(iii) Except as provided in Section 4(l) of this Division C of this Article FOURTH, any Transfer that, if effective, would result in the Exempt Holder Beneficially Owning Common Shares in excess of the Exempt Holder Limit shall be void ab initio as to the Transfer of such Common Shares which would be otherwise Beneficially Owned by the Exempt Holder in excess of the Exempt Holder Limit, and the Exempt Holder shall acquire no rights in such Common Shares.

(iv) Except as provided in Section 4(l) of this Division C of this Article FOURTH, any Transfer that, if effective, would result in any Person Constructively Owning Common Shares in excess of the Related Party Limit shall be void ab initio as to the Transfer of such Common Shares which would be otherwise Constructively Owned by such Person in excess of such amount, and the intended transferee shall acquire no rights in such Common Shares.

(v) Except as provided in Section 4(l) of this Division C of this Article FOURTH, any Transfer that, if effective, would result in the Common Shares being beneficially owned by less than 100 Persons (determined without reference to any rules of attribution) shall be void ab initio as to the Transfer of such Common Shares which would be otherwise beneficially owned by the transferee, and the intended transferee shall acquire no rights in such Common Shares.

(vi) Any Transfer that, if effective, would result in the Corporation being “closely held” within the meaning of Section 856(h) of the Code shall be void ab initio as to the Transfer of the Common Shares which would cause the

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Corporation to be “closely held” within the meaning of Section 856(h) of the Code, and the intended transferee shall acquire no rights in such Common Shares.

(vii) No Person shall acquire Beneficial Ownership of any Common Shares after the Spin-off Date if, as a result of such acquisition of Beneficial Ownership, the fair market value of the Common Shares owned directly and indirectly by Non-U.S. Persons for purposes of Section 897(h)(4)(B) of the Code would comprise 49% or more of the fair market value of the issued and outstanding Common Shares.

(c) Transfers in Trust.

(i) If, notwithstanding the other provisions contained in this Division C of this Article FOURTH, there is a purported Transfer or Non-Transfer Event such that any Person would Beneficially Own Common Shares in excess of (A) the Ownership Limit (in the case of any Person other than the Exempt Holder) or (B) the Exempt Holder Limit (in the case of the Exempt Holder), then, (1) except as otherwise provided in Section 4(l) of this Division C of this Article FOURTH, the purported transferee shall acquire no right or interest (or, in the case of a Non-Transfer Event, the person holding record title to the Common Shares Beneficially Owned by such Beneficial Owner, shall cease to own any right or interest) in such number of Common Shares which would cause such Beneficial Owner to Beneficially Own Common Shares in excess of the Ownership Limit or the Exempt Holder Limit, as the case may be, and (2) such number of Common Shares in excess of the Ownership Limit or the Exempt Holder Limit (rounded up to the nearest whole share) shall be designated Shares-in-Trust and, in accordance with Section 6 of this Division C of this Article FOURTH, transferred automatically and by operation of law to a Trust.  Such transfer to a Trust and the designation of the shares as Shares-in-Trust shall be effective as of the close of business on the business day prior to the date of the purported Transfer or Non-Transfer Event, as the case may be.

(ii) If, notwithstanding the other provisions contained in this Division C of this Article FOURTH, there is a purported Transfer or Non-Transfer Event such that any Person would Constructively Own Common Shares in excess of the Related Party Limit, then, (A) except as otherwise provided in Section 4(l) of this Division C of this Article FOURTH, the purported transferee shall acquire no right or interest (or, in the case of a Non-Transfer Event, the person holding record title to the Common Shares Constructively Owned by such Constructive Owner, shall cease to own any right or interest) in such number of Common Shares which would cause such Constructive Owner to Constructively Own Common Shares in excess of the Related Party Limit, and (B) such number of Common Shares in excess of the Related Party Limit (rounded up to the nearest whole share) shall be designated Shares-in-Trust and, in accordance with Section 6 of this Division C of this Article FOURTH, transferred automatically and by operation of law to a Trust.  Such transfer to a Trust and the designation of the shares as Shares-in-Trust shall be effective as of the close of business on the business day prior to the date of the purported Transfer or Non-Transfer Event, as the case may be.

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(iii) If, notwithstanding the other provisions contained in this Article FOURTH, there is a purported Transfer or Non-Transfer Event that, if effective, would cause the Corporation to become “closely held” within the meaning of Section 856(h) of the Code, then (A) the purported transferee shall not acquire any right or interest (or, in the case of a Non-Transfer Event, the person holding record title of the Common Shares with respect to which such Non-Transfer Event occurred, shall cease to own any right or interest) in such number of Common Shares, the ownership of which by such purported transferee or record holder would cause the Corporation to be “closely held” within the meaning of Section 856(h) of the Code, and (B) such number of Common Shares (rounded up to the nearest whole share) shall be designated Shares-in-Trust and, in accordance with the provisions of Section 6 of this Division C of this Article FOURTH, transferred automatically and by operation of law to a Trust.  Such transfer to a Trust and the designation of shares as Shares-in-Trust shall be effective as of the close of business on the business day prior to the date of the Transfer or Non-Transfer Event, as the case may be.

(d) Remedies for Breach.   If the Board of Directors or its designees shall at any time determine in good faith that a Transfer has taken place in violation of Section 4(b) of this Division C of this Article FOURTH or that a Person intends to acquire or has attempted to acquire beneficial ownership (determined without reference to any rules of attribution), Beneficial Ownership or Constructive Ownership of any Common Shares of the Corporation in violation of Section 4(b) of this Division C of this Article FOURTH, or that any such Transfer, intended or attempted acquisition or acquisition would jeopardize the status of the Corporation as a REIT under the Code, the Board of Directors or its designees shall take such actions as it deems advisable to refuse to give effect or to prevent such Transfer, including, but not limited to, refusing to give effect to such Transfer on the books of the Corporation or instituting proceedings to enjoin such Transfer.

(e) Notice of Restricted Transfer.   Any Person who acquires or intends to acquire shares in violation of Section 4(b) of this Division C of this Article FOURTH, or any Person who owned Common Shares that were transferred to a Trust pursuant to the provisions of Section 4(c) of this Division C of this Article FOURTH, shall immediately give written notice to the Corporation of such event and shall provide to the Corporation such other information as the Corporation may request in order to determine the effect, if any, of such Transfer, intended Transfer or Non-Transfer Event, as the case may be, on the Corporation’s status as a REIT.

(f) Owners Required to Provide Information.

(i) Every Beneficial Owner of more than 5.0% (or such other percentage provided in the regulations promulgated pursuant to the Code) of the outstanding Common Shares of the Corporation shall, within 30 days after January 1 of each year, give written notice to the Corporation stating the name and address of such Beneficial Owner, the number of shares Beneficially Owned, and description of how such shares are held.  Each such Beneficial Owner shall provide to the Corporation such

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additional information as the Corporation may request in order to determine the effect, if any, of such Beneficial Ownership on the Corporation’s status as a REIT.

(ii) Each Person who is a Beneficial Owner or Constructive Owner of Common Shares and each Person (including the shareholder of record) who is holding Common Shares for a Beneficial Owner or Constructive Owner shall provide to the Corporation such information that the Corporation may request, in good faith, in order to determine the Corporation’s status as a REIT.

(iii) Each Person who is a Beneficial or Constructive Owner of Common Shares and each Person (including the shareholder of record) who is holding Common Shares for a Beneficial or Constructive Owner shall provide to the Corporation such information as the Corporation may require, in good faith, in order to determine the Trust’s status as a REIT or a “domestically controlled qualified investment entity” (within the meaning of Section 897(h)(4)(B) of the Code) and to comply with the requirements of any taxing authority or to determine such compliance.

(g) Remedies Not Limited.   Nothing contained in this Division C of this Article FOURTH shall limit the authority of the Board of Directors to take such other action as it deems necessary or advisable to protect the Corporation and the interests of its shareholders by preservation of the Corporation’s status as a REIT.

(h) Ambiguity.   In the case of an ambiguity in the application of any of the provisions of Section 4 of this Division C of this Article FOURTH, including any definition contained in Section 4(a), the Board of Directors shall have the power to determine the application of the provisions of this Section 4 with respect to any situation based on the facts known to it.

(i) Modification of Exempt Holder Limit.   Subject to the limitations provided in Section 4(k) of this Division C of this Article FOURTH, the Board of Directors may reduce the Exempt Holder Limit if:  (A) based on the annual written notice delivered to the Corporation pursuant to Section 4(f)(i) of this Division C of this Article FOURTH, the Beneficial Ownership of the Exempt Holder is less than 17.5% of the outstanding Common Shares, then the Board of Directors may reduce the Exempt Holder Limit to 17.5%; (B) based on the annual written notice delivered to the Corporation pursuant to Section 4(f)(i) of this Division C of this Article FOURTH, the Beneficial Ownership of the Exempt Holder is 7.5% or less of the outstanding Common Shares, then the Board of Directors may reduce the Exempt Holder Limit to 7.5%; or (C) after the Exempt Holder Limit has been reduced to 7.5%, the Board of Directors may further reduce the Exempt Holder Limit to reflect the Beneficial Ownership of the Exempt Holder as set forth on the annual written notice delivered to the Corporation pursuant to Section 4(f)(i) of this Division C of this Article FOURTH.

(j) Modification of Ownership Limit.   Subject to the limitations provided in Section 4(k) of this Division C of this Article FOURTH, the Board of Directors may from time to time increase the Ownership Limit.

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(k) Limitations on Modifications.   Notwithstanding any other provision of this Division C of this Article FOURTH:

(i) The Ownership Limit may not be increased if, after giving effect to such increase, five Beneficial Owners of Common Shares (including the Exempt Holder) could Beneficially Own, in the aggregate, more than 49.9% of the outstanding Common Shares.

(ii) Prior to the modification of any Exempt Holder Limit or Ownership Limit pursuant to Section 4(i) or Section 4(j) of this Division C of this Article FOURTH, the Board of Directors may require such opinions of counsel, affidavits, undertakings or agreements as it may deem necessary or advisable in order to determine or ensure the Corporation’s status as a REIT.

(iii) The Exempt Holder Limit shall not be reduced to a percentage which is less than the Ownership Limit.

(iv) The Related Party Limit may not be increased to a percentage which is greater than 9.8%.

(l) Exceptions.

(i) The Board of Directors, with a ruling from the Internal Revenue Service or an opinion of counsel, may exempt a Person from the Ownership Limit or the Exempt Holder Limit, as the case may be, if such Person is not an individual for purposes of Section 542(a)(2) of the Code and the Board of Directors obtains such representations and undertakings from such Person as are reasonably necessary to ascertain that no individual’s Beneficial Ownership of such Common Shares will violate the Ownership Limit or the Exempt Holder Limit, as the case may be, and agrees that any violation or attempted violation will result in such Common Shares in excess of the Ownership Limit or the Exempt Holder Limit, as applicable, being transferred to a Trust in accordance with Section 4(c) of this Division C of this Article FOURTH.

(ii) The Board of Directors, with a ruling from the Internal Revenue Service or an opinion of counsel, may exempt a Person from the limitation on such Person Constructively Owning Common Shares in excess of the Related Party Limit if such Person does not own and represents that it will not own, directly or constructively (by virtue of the application of Section 318 of the Code, as modified by Section 856(d)(5) of the Code), more than a 9.9% interest (as set forth in Section 856(d)(2)(B) of the Code) in a tenant of any real property owned or leased by the Corporation, and the Corporation obtains such representations and undertakings from such Person as are reasonably necessary to ascertain this fact and agrees that any violation or attempted violation will result in such Common Shares in excess of 9.8% being transferred to a Trust in accordance with Section 4(c) of this Division C of this Article FOURTH.

(iii) The Board of Directors may exempt the Exempt Holder, and any Person who would Constructively Own Common Shares Constructively Owned by the Exempt Holder, from the limitation on the Exempt Holder (or such other Person

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who would Constructively Own Common Shares Constructively Owned by the Exempt Holder) Constructively Owning Common Shares in excess of the Related Party Limit in its sole discretion based on the facts and circumstances existing at the time of such proposed exemption and the information provided by the Exempt Holder, including, without limitation, information regarding a tenant of any real property owned or leased by the Corporation, of which tenant the Exempt Holder (or such other Person who would Constructively Own Common Shares Constructively Owned by the Exempt Holder) owns, directly or constructively (by virtue of the application of Section 318 of the Code, as modified by Section 856(d)(5) of the Code), more than a 9.9% interest (as set forth in Section 856(d)(2)(B) of the Code).  As a condition to the granting of any such exemption, the Corporation may require that the Exempt Holder provide representations and undertakings as are reasonably necessary to ascertain information regarding the ownership by the Exempt Holder (or such other Person who would Constructively Own Common Shares Constructively Owned by the Exempt Holder) of any interest in a tenant of any real property owned or leased by the Corporation and may impose conditions upon any such exemption as the Board of Directors deems necessary or advisable in order to determine or ensure the Corporation’s status as a REIT, including that any exemption may terminate upon any violation or attempted violation of any such representations, undertakings, conditions or other terms of any agreement between the Corporation and the Exempt Holder.  If, upon any termination of an exemption granted under this Section 4(l)(iii) of this Division C of this Article FOURTH, the Exempt Holder (or such other Person who would Constructively Own Common Shares Constructively Owned by the Exempt Holder) would Constructively Own Common Shares in excess of the Related Party Limit, then the number of Common Shares actually owned by the Exempt Holder (and such other Person who would Constructively Own Common Shares Constructively Owned by the Exempt Holder) in excess of the Related Party Limit will be transferred to a Trust in accordance with Section 4(c) of this Division C of this Article FOURTH such that the Exempt Holder (and such other Person who would Constructively Own Common Shares Constructively Owned by the Exempt Holder) will not Constructively Own Common Shares in excess of the Related Party Limit.

(iv) The Board of Directors may exempt the Exempt Holder from the Exempt Holder Limit should it determine that the Beneficial Ownership of the Exempt Holder does not result in the Corporation being “closely held” within the meaning of Section 856(h) of the Code; provided, however, that notwithstanding the foregoing, this paragraph (iv) shall not be interpreted as a waiver of, or exemption from, the restriction in Section 4(b)(vi).

Section 5. Legend .  Each certificate for Common Shares shall bear the following legend:

“The Common Shares represented by this certificate are subject to restrictions on transfer for the purpose of the Corporation’s maintenance of its status as a Real Estate Investment Trust under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.  Subject to certain provisions of the Corporation’s Articles of Incorporation, no Person may Beneficially Own Common Shares in excess of 5.0% of the outstanding Common Shares of the Corporation (other than the Exempt Holder), no Person may Constructively Own Common Shares in excess of 9.8% of the

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outstanding Common Shares of the Corporation and no Person may acquire Beneficial Ownership of any Common Shares after the Spin-off Date if, as a result of such acquisition, the fair market value of the Shares owned directly and indirectly by Non-U.S. Persons would comprise more than 49% of the fair market value of the issued and outstanding Common Shares.  Any Person who attempts to Beneficially Own or Constructively Own Common Shares in excess of the above limitations must immediately notify the Corporation.  All capitalized items in this legend have the meanings defined in the Corporation’s Articles of Incorporation, a copy of which, including the restrictions on transfer, will be sent without charge to each shareholder who so requests.  If the restrictions on transfer are violated, certain of the Common Shares represented hereby will be transferred automatically and by operation of law to a Trust and shall be designated Shares-in-Trust.”

Section 6. Shares-in-Trust.

(a) Trust.   Any Common Shares transferred to a Trust and designated Shares-in-Trust pursuant to Section 4(c) of Division C of this Article FOURTH shall be held for the exclusive benefit of the Beneficiary.  The Corporation shall name a beneficiary of each Trust within five days after discovery of the existence of such Shares-in-Trust.  Any transfer to a Trust, and subsequent designation of Common Shares as Shares-in-Trust, pursuant to Section 4(c) of Division C of this Article FOURTH shall be effective as of the close of business on the business day prior to the date of the Transfer or Non-Transfer Event that results in the transfer to the Trust.  Shares-in-Trust shall remain issued and outstanding Common Shares and shall be entitled to the same rights and privileges on identical terms and conditions as are all other issued and outstanding Common Shares.  When transferred to the Permitted Transferee in accordance with the provisions of Section 6(e) of Division C of this Article FOURTH, such Shares-in-Trust shall cease to be designated as Shares-in-Trust.

(b) Dividend Rights.   The Trustee, as record holder of Shares-in-Trust, shall be entitled to receive all dividends and distributions as may be declared by the Board of Directors on such Common Shares and shall hold such dividends or distributions in trust for the benefit of the Beneficiary.  The Prohibited Owner with respect to Shares-in-Trust shall repay to the Trustee the amount of any dividends or distributions received by it that (i) are attributable to any Common Shares designated as Shares-in-Trust and (ii) the record date of which was on or after the date that such Common Shares became Shares-in-Trust.  The Corporation shall take all measures that it determines reasonably necessary to recover the amount of any such dividend or distribution paid to a Prohibited Owner, including, if necessary, withholding any portion of future dividends or distributions payable on Common Shares Beneficially Owned or Constructively Owned by the Person who, but for the provisions of Section 4(c) of Division C of this Article FOURTH, would Beneficially Own or Constructively Own the Shares-in-Trust; and, as soon as reasonably practicable following the Corporation’s receipt or withholding thereof, shall pay over to the Trustee for the benefit of the Beneficiary the dividends so received or withheld, as the case may be.

(c) Rights Upon Liquidation.   In the event of any voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding up of, or any distribution of the assets of, the

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Corporation, each holder of Shares-in-Trust shall be entitled to receive, ratably with each other holder of Common Shares, that portion of the assets of the Corporation which is available for distribution to the holders of Common Shares.  The Trustee shall distribute to the Prohibited Owner the amounts received upon such liquidation, dissolution, or winding up, or distribution; provided, however, that the Prohibited Owner shall not be entitled to receive amounts pursuant to this Section 6(c) of Division C of this Article FOURTH in excess of, in the case of a purported Transfer in which the Prohibited Owner gave value for Common Shares and which Transfer resulted in the transfer of the shares to the Trust, the price per share, if any, such Prohibited Owner paid for the Common Shares and, in the case of a Non-Transfer Event or Transfer in which the Prohibited Owner did not give value for such shares (e.g., if the shares were received through a gift or devise) and which Non-Transfer Event or Transfer, as the case may be, resulted in the transfer of shares to the Trust, the price per share equal to the Market Price on the date of such Non-Transfer Event or Transfer.  Any remaining amount in such Trust shall be distributed to the Beneficiary.

(d) Voting Rights.   The Trustee shall be entitled to vote all Shares-in-Trust.  Any vote by a Prohibited Owner as a holder of Common Shares prior to the discovery by the Corporation that the Common Shares are Shares-in-Trust shall, subject to applicable law, be rescinded and shall be void ab initio with respect to such Shares-in-Trust, and the Prohibited Owner shall be deemed to have given, as of the close of business on the business day prior to the date of the purported Transfer or Non-Transfer Event that results in the transfer to the Trust of the Common Shares pursuant to Section 4(c) of Division C of this Article FOURTH, an irrevocable proxy to the Trustee to vote the Shares-in-Trust in the manner in which the Trustee, in its sole and absolute discretion, desires.

(e) Designation of Permitted Transferee.   The Trustee shall have the exclusive and absolute right to designate a Permitted Transferee of any and all Shares-in-Trust.  As reasonably practicable as possible, in an orderly fashion so as not to materially adversely affect the Market Price of the Shares-in-Trust, the Trustee shall designate any Person as Permitted Transferee, provided, however, that (i) the Permitted Transferee so designated purchases for valuable consideration (whether in a public or private sale) the Shares-in-Trust and (ii) the Permitted Transferee so designated may acquire such Shares-in-Trust without such acquisition resulting in a transfer to a Trust and the redesignation of such Common Shares so acquired as Shares-in-Trust under Section 4(c) of Division C of this Article FOURTH.  Upon the designation by the Trustee of a Permitted Transferee in accordance with the provisions of this subparagraph, the Trustee of a Trust shall (i) cause to be transferred to the Permitted Transferee that number of Shares-in-Trust acquired by the Permitted Transferee, (ii) cause to be recorded on the books of the Corporation that the Permitted Transferee is the holder of record of such number of Common Shares, and (iii) distribute to the Beneficiary any and all amounts held with respect to the Shares-in-Trust after making that payment to the Prohibited Owner pursuant to Section 6(f) of Division C of this Article FOURTH.

(f) Compensation to Record Holder of Common Shares that Become Shares-In-Trust.   Any Prohibited Owner shall be entitled (following discovery of the Shares-In-Trust and subsequent designation of the Permitted Transferee in accordance with Section

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4(e) of Division C of this Article FOURTH) to receive from the Trustee the lesser of (i) in the case of (A) a purported Transfer in which the Prohibited Owner gave value for Common Shares and which Transfer resulted in the transfer of the Common Shares to the Trust, the price per share, if any, such Prohibited Owner paid for the Common Shares, or (B) a Non-Transfer Event or Transfer in which the Prohibited Owner did not give value for such Common Shares (e.g., if the shares were received through a gift or devise) and which Non-Transfer Event or Transfer, as the case may be, resulted in the transfer of Common Shares to the Trust, the price per share equal to the Market Price on the date of such Non-Transfer Event or Transfer, and (ii) the price per share received by the Trustee of the Trust from the sale or other disposition of such Shares-in-Trust in accordance with Section 6(e) of Division C of this Article FOURTH.  Any amounts received by the Trustee in respect of such Shares-in-Trust and in excess of such amounts to be paid the Prohibited Owner pursuant to this Section 6(f) of Division C of this Article FOURTH shall be distributed to the Beneficiary in accordance with the provisions of Section 6(e) of Division C of this Article FOURTH.  Each Beneficiary and Prohibited Owner waive any and all claims that they may have against the Trustee and the Corporation arising out of the disposition of Shares-in-Trust, except for claims arising out of the gross negligence or willful misconduct of, or any failure to make payments in accordance with this Section 6 of Division C of this Article FOURTH by, such Trustee or the Corporation.

(g) Purchase Right in Shares-in-Trust.   Shares-in-Trust shall be deemed to have been offered for sale to the Corporation, or its designee, at a price per share equal to the lesser of (i) the price per share in the transaction that created such Shares-in-Trust (or, in the case of devise, gift or Non-Transfer Event, the Market Price at the time of such devise, gift or Non-Transfer Event) and (ii) the Market Price on the date the Corporation, or its designee, accepts such offer.  The Corporation shall have the right to accept such offer for a period of ninety days after the later of (i) the date of the Non-Transfer Event or purported Transfer which resulted in such Shares-in-Trust and (ii) the date the Corporation determines in good faith that a Transfer or Non-Transfer Event resulting in Shares-in-Trust has occurred, if the Corporation does not receive a notice of such Transfer or Non-Transfer Event pursuant to Section 4(e) of Division C of this Article FOURTH.  Prompt payment of the purchase price shall be made in such reasonable manner as may be determined by the Corporation.

FIFTH:  No holder of shares of capital stock of the Corporation of any class shall be entitled as such, as a matter of right, to subscribe for or purchase shares of any class of capital stock, now or hereafter authorized, or to subscribe for or purchase securities convertible into or exchangeable for shares of capital stock of the Corporation or to which shall be attached or any warrants or rights entitling the holder thereof to subscribe for or purchase shares of capital stock, except such rights of subscription or purchase, if any, for such considerations and upon such terms and conditions as the Board of Directors from time to time may determine.

SIXTH:  Notwithstanding any provision of Section 1701.01, et seq. , of the Ohio Revised Code, or any successor statutes now or hereafter in force, requiring for the authorization or taking of any action the vote or consent of the holders of shares of capital stock entitling them to exercise two-thirds or any other proportion of the voting power of the Corporation or of any class or classes of such shares thereof, such action, unless otherwise expressly required by law, this

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Charter or the Code of Regulations of the Corporation, may be authorized or taken by the vote or consent of the holders of shares entitling them to exercise a majority of the voting power of the Corporation or of such class or classes of shares thereof.

Except as provided in the Code of Regulations with respect to the election of a director to fill a vacancy in the Board of Directors, each director shall be elected by the vote of the majority of the votes cast with respect to the director at any shareholder meeting held for the election of directors at which a quorum is present; provided, however, that if as of the date that is ten days in advance of the date the Corporation files its definitive proxy statement (regardless of whether or not thereafter revised or supplemented) with the Securities and Exchange Commission with respect to a shareholder meeting, the number of nominees for election as a director is greater than the number of directors to be elected, then the directors shall be elected at the meeting by the vote of a plurality of the shares represented in person or by proxy at that meeting and entitled to vote on the election of directors.  For purposes of this Section, a majority of the votes cast means the number of shares voted “for” a director exceeds the number of votes cast “against” the director.  Broker non-votes and abstentions will not be considered votes cast at the shareholder meeting and will be excluded in determining the number of votes cast at the shareholder meeting.

SEVENTH:  To the extent permitted by law and except as set forth in Section 6 of Division A of Article Fourth, the Corporation, by action of its Board of Directors, may purchase or otherwise acquire shares of any class issued by it at such times, for such consideration and upon such terms and conditions as its Board of Directors may determine.

EIGHTH:  Except as may otherwise be set forth in the resolution or resolutions of the Board of Directors providing for the issue of one or more series of Preferred Shares or in the related amendment hereto as contemplated by Division A and Division B of Article FOURTH, and then only with respect to such series of Preferred Shares (including the Series A Preferred Shares), cumulative voting in the election of directors is specifically denied.

NINTH:  The provisions of Chapter 1701.831 of the Ohio Revised Code shall not apply to the Corporation.

TENTH: The provisions of Chapter 1704 of the Ohio Revised Code shall not apply to the Corporation.

ELEVENTH:  The provisions of Chapter 1707.043 of the Ohio Revised Code shall not apply to the Corporation.

TWELFTH:  If any provision (or portion thereof) of this Charter shall be found to be invalid, prohibited or unenforceable for any reason, the remaining provisions (or portions thereof) of this Charter shall be deemed to remain in full force and effect, and shall be construed as if such invalid, prohibited, or unenforceable provision had been stricken herefrom or otherwise rendered inapplicable, it being the intent of the Corporation and its shareholders that each such remaining provision (or portion thereof) of this Charter remain, to the fullest extent permitted by law, applicable and enforceable as to all shareholders, notwithstanding any such finding.

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THIRTEENTH:  This Charter may be amended, altered, changed or repealed by the shareholders of the Corporation by the affirmative vote of the holders of at least 75% of the voting power of the outstanding shares of capital stock of the Corporation entitled to vote thereon, voting together as a single class. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Division A of Article FOURTH may only be amended, altered, changed or repealed by a majority vote of the outstanding shares of the Series A Preferred Shares.

FOURTEENTH:  This Charter shall amend and restate and supersede the Corporation’s existing Articles of Incorporation.

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Exhibit 3.2

AMENDED AND RESTATED CODE OF REGULATIONS
OF
Retail value inc.

 

ARTICLE I

Meetings of Shareholders

Section 1. Annual Meetings .  The annual meeting of shareholders shall be held at such time and on such date as may be fixed by the Board of Directors (“Board of Directors”) of Retail Value Inc. (the “Corporation”) and stated in the notice of the meeting, for the election of directors, the consideration of reports to be laid before such meeting and the transaction of such other business as may properly come before the meeting.

Section 2. Special Meetings .  

(a) General .  Special meetings of the shareholders shall be called as provided in the Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation of the Corporation or upon the written request of the president, the directors by action at a meeting, a majority of the directors acting without a meeting or of holders of record of shares of not less than forty-nine and nine-tenths percent (49.9%) of the voting power of the Corporation entitled to vote thereat (such percentage, the “Requisite Percentage”).  Calls for such meetings shall specify the purposes thereof.  No business other than that specified in the call shall be considered at any special meeting.

(b) Shareholder Requested Special Meetings .  A special meeting of the shareholders shall be called by the secretary upon the written request of the holders of record, as of the record date referred to in Section 2(b)(4) of Article I, of not less than the Requisite Percentage, subject to the following:

(1) Special Meeting Requests; Required Information .  In order for a special meeting requested by one or more shareholders of record (a “Shareholder Requested Special Meeting”) to be called by the secretary, one or more written requests must have been received by the secretary that the Board of Directors fix a record date (a “Record Date Request”) for the purpose of determining the shareholders entitled to request that the secretary call such special meeting, which request shall be in proper form and delivered to, or mailed and received by, the secretary at the principal executive offices of the Corporation.

(2) To be in proper form for purposes of this Section 2(b) of Article I, a Record Date Request by a shareholder shall set forth:

(i) as to each Requesting Person (as defined below), the information required to be provided by a Proposing Person pursuant to Section 9(b)(1) of Article I (except that for purposes of this Section 2(b) of Article I, the term “Requesting Person” shall be substituted for the term “Proposing Person” and “Shareholder Requested Special Meeting” shall be substituted for the term “annual meeting” in all places it appears in Section 9(b)(1) of Article I);

 


 

(ii) as to the purpose or purposes of the special meeting, the information required by Section 9(b)(2) of Article I (except that for purposes of this Section 2(b) of Article I, the term “Shareholder Requested Special Meeting” will be substituted for the term “annual meeting” in all places where it appears in Section 9(b)(2) of Article I);

(iii) if directors are proposed to be elected at the Shareholder Requested Special Meeting, the information required by Section 10(b)(2) of Article I; and

(iv) an agreement by the Requesting Person(s) to notify the secretary immediately in the case of any disposition prior to the record date for the Shareholder Requested Special Meeting of shares owned of record and an acknowledgement that any such disposition shall be deemed a revocation of such Special Meeting Request to the extent of such disposition, such that the number of shares disposed of shall not be included in determining whether the Requisite Percentage has been reached.

(3) For purposes of this Section 2(b) of Article I, the term “Requesting Person” shall mean (i) the shareholder making the Record Date Request to fix a record date for the purpose of determining the shareholders entitled to demand that the secretary call a Shareholder Requested Special Meeting, (ii) the beneficial owner or beneficial owners, if different, on whose behalf such request is made, and (iii) any affiliate or associate of such shareholder or beneficial owner.

(4) Updating Information in Record Date Request .  A Requesting Person must update and supplement such Record Date Request, if necessary, so that the information provided or required to be provided in such Record Date Request pursuant to this Section 2(b) of Article I or Sections 9 or 10 of Article I, as applicable, is true and correct as of the record date for notice of the meeting and as of the date that is ten (10) days prior to the meeting or any recess, adjournment or postponement thereof.  Any such update and supplement must be delivered to, or mailed and received by, the secretary at the principal executive offices of the Corporation, as promptly as practicable.

(5) Within ten (10) calendar days after receipt of a Record Date Request in proper form and otherwise in compliance with this Section 2(b) of Article I from any shareholder of record, the Board of Directors may adopt a resolution fixing a record date for the purpose of determining the shareholders entitled to request that the secretary call a special meeting, which date shall not precede the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted by the Board of Directors.  If no resolution fixing a record date has been adopted by the Board of Directors within the ten (10) calendar day period after the date on which such a Record Date Request was received, the record date in respect thereof shall be deemed to be the twentieth (20th) calendar day after the date on which such a request is received.  Notwithstanding anything in this Section 2(b) of Article I to the contrary, no record date shall be fixed if the Board of Directors determines that the demand or demands that would otherwise be submitted following such record date could not comply with the requirements set forth Section 2(b)(7) of Article I.

(6) Aggregation of Requests .  Without qualification, a Shareholder Requested Special Meeting shall not be called pursuant to this Section 2(b) of Article I unless shareholders of record as of the record date established pursuant to subsection (5) above who

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hold, in the aggregate, more than the Requisite Percentage timely provide one or more requests to call such special meeting in writing and in proper form to the secretary at the principal executive offices of the Corporation.  Only shareholders of record on the record date shall be entitled to request that the secretary call a Shareholder Requested Special Meeting pursuant to this Section 2(b) of Article I (each a “Special Meeting Request”).  To be timely, a shareholder’s Special Meeting Request must be delivered to, or mailed and received at, the principal executive offices of the Corporation not later than the ninetieth (90th) day following the record date.  To be in proper form for purposes of this Section 2(b) of Article I, a demand to call a special meeting shall set forth (i) the business proposed to be conducted at the special meeting or the proposed election of directors at the special meeting, as the case may be, (ii) the text of the proposal or business (including the text of any resolutions proposed for consideration), if applicable, and (iii) with respect to any shareholder or shareholders submitting a request to call a special meeting (except for any shareholder that has provided such demand in response to a solicitation made pursuant to, and in accordance with, Section 14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (such act, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder, the “Exchange Act”) by way of a solicitation statement filed on Schedule 14A) the information required to be provided pursuant to this Section 2(b) of Article I of a Requesting Person, which must be updated or supplemented, if necessary, so that the information required to be provided will be true and correct on the record date of such special meeting and as of such date that is ten (10) business days prior to such special meeting, or any adjournment or postponement thereof, which update shall be delivered to the secretary no later than five (5) business days after the record date for the special meeting and not later than eight (8) business days prior to the special meeting.  In determining whether a special meeting of shareholders has been requested by the record holders of shares (as of the record date established pursuant to subsection (5)) representing in the aggregate at least the Requisite Percentage, multiple Special Meeting Requests delivered to the secretary will be considered together only if each such Special Meeting Request (x) identifies substantially the same purpose or purposes of the special meeting and substantially the same matters proposed to be acted on at the special meeting (in each case as determined in good faith by the Board of Directors), and (y) has been dated and delivered to the secretary within sixty (60) days of the earliest dated of such Special Meeting Requests.  Any requesting shareholder may revoke his, her or its Special Meeting Request at any time by written revocation delivered to the secretary at the principal executive offices of the Corporation; provided, however, that if following such revocation (or any deemed revocation pursuant to Section 2(b)(2)(iv) of Article I), the unrevoked valid Special Meeting Requests represent in the aggregate less than the Requisite Percentage there shall be no requirement to hold a special meeting.  The first date on which unrevoked valid Special Meeting Requests constituting not less than the Requisite Percentage shall have been delivered to the secretary is referred to herein as the “Request Receipt Date.”

(7) Invalid Requests .  A Special Meeting Request shall not be valid if:

(i) the Special Meeting Request does not comply with the requirements of this Section 2(b) of Article I;  

(ii) the Special Meeting Request relates to an item of business that is not a proper subject for shareholder action under applicable law;

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(iii) the Special Meeting Request includes an item of business that was not included in the written Record Date Request that resulted in the establishment of the record date;

(iv) the Request Receipt Date is during the period commencing ninety (90) calendar days prior to the first anniversary of the date of the immediately preceding annual meeting and ending on the date of the next annual meeting;

(v) the purpose specified in the Special Meeting Request is not the election of directors and an identical or substantially similar item (as determined in good faith by the Board of Directors, a “Similar Item”) was presented at any meeting of shareholders held within the twelve (12) months prior to the Request Receipt Date;  

(vi) a Similar Item is included in the Corporation’s notice as an item of business to be brought before a shareholder meeting that has been called but not yet held or that is called for a date within ninety (90) calendar days after the Request Receipt Date; or

(vii) the information set forth in the Special Meeting Request fails to be true and complete on the record date for notice of the meeting and as of the date that is ten (10) days prior to the meeting or any recess, adjournment or postponement thereof.

(8) Date and Time of Meeting .  A Shareholder Requested Special Meeting shall be held at such date and time as may be fixed by the Board of Directors; provided, however, that the Shareholder Requested Special Meeting shall be called for a date not more than one hundred twenty (120) calendar days after the Request Receipt Date.

(9) No Right to Have Matter Included .  No Requesting Person will be entitled to have any matter proposed to be presented at a Shareholder Requested Special Meeting in any proxy statement or form of proxy that the Corporation may use in connection therewith solely as a result of such shareholder’s compliance with the foregoing provisions of this Section 2(b) of Article I.

(10) Limitation on Business to be Transacted .  Business transacted at any Shareholder Requested Special Meeting shall be limited to (i) the purpose(s) stated in the valid Special Meeting Request(s) received from the Requisite Percentage of record holders and (ii) any additional matters that the Board of Directors determines to include in the Corporation’s notice of the meeting.  The presiding officer of any such meeting will, if the facts warrant, determine that a proposal or nomination was not made in accordance with the procedures prescribed by this Section 2(b) of Article I or Sections 9, 10 or 11 of Article I, as applicable, and if the presiding officer should so determine, he or she will so declare to the meeting and the defective proposal or nomination, as applicable, will be disregarded.  If none of the shareholders who submitted the Special Meeting Request appears to present the matters to be presented for consideration that were specified in the Special Meeting Request, the Corporation need not present such matters for a vote at such meeting, notwithstanding that proxies in respect of such matter may have been solicited, obtained or delivered.

Section 3. Notices of Meetings .  Unless waived, and notwithstanding any provision of the Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation of the Corporation, written notice of each

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annual or special meeting stating the time, place and the purposes thereof shall be given by personal delivery, by mail or by other means of communication authorized by the shareholder to whom the notice is given, to each shareholder of record entitled to vote at or entitled to notice of the meeting, not more than sixty (60) days nor less than seven (7) days before any such meeting.  If mailed, such notice shall be directed to the shareholder at his or her address as the same appears upon the records of the Corporation.  If sent by any other means of communication authorized by the shareholder, the notice shall be sent to the address furnished by the shareholder for those transmissions.  Any shareholder, either before or after any meeting, may waive any notice required to be given by law or under this Amended and Restated Code of Regulations.

Section 4. Place of Meetings .  Meetings of shareholders shall be held at the principal office of the Corporation unless the Board of Directors determines that a meeting shall be held at some other place within or without the State of Ohio and causes the notice thereof to so state.

Section 5. Quorum .  The holders of shares entitling them to exercise a majority of the voting power of the Corporation entitled to vote at any meeting, present in person or by proxy, shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business to be considered at such meeting; provided, however, that no action required by law or by the Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation of the Corporation or this Amended and Restated Code of Regulations to be authorized or taken by the holders of a designated proportion of the shares of any particular class or of each class may be authorized or taken by a lesser proportion.  The holders of a majority of the voting shares represented at a meeting, whether or not a quorum is present, may adjourn such meeting from time to time, until a quorum shall be present.

Section 6. Voting .  Except as expressly required by law, the Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation of the Corporation or this Amended and Restated Code of Regulations, at any meeting of shareholders at which a quorum is present, a majority of votes cast, whether in person or by proxy, on any matter properly brought before such meeting will be the act of the shareholders.  An abstention shall not represent a vote cast.

Section 7. Record Date .  The Board of Directors may fix a record date for any lawful purpose, including without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the determination of shareholders entitled to (a) receive notice of or to vote at any meeting, (b) receive payment of any dividend or distribution, (c) receive or exercise rights of purchase of or subscription for, or exchange or conversion of, shares or other securities, subject to any contract right with respect thereto, or (d) participate in the execution of written consents, waivers or releases.  Said record date shall not be more than sixty (60) days preceding the date of such meeting, the date fixed for the payment of any dividend or distribution or the date fixed for the receipt or the exercise of rights, as the case may be.

If a record date shall not be fixed, the record date for the determination of shareholders who are entitled to notice of, or who are entitled to vote at, a meeting of shareholders, shall be the close of business on the date next preceding the day on which notice is given, or the close of business on the date next preceding the day on which the meeting is held, as the case may be.

Section 8. Proxies .  A person who is entitled to attend a shareholders’ meeting, to vote thereat, or to execute consents, waivers or releases, may be represented at such meeting or

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vote thereat, and execute consents, waivers and releases, and exercise any of his or her other rights, by proxy or proxies appointed by a writing signed by such person or appointed by a verifiable communication authorized by the person.

Section 9. Notice of Shareholder Proposals for Business .  

(a) Business to Be Conducted at Annual Meeting .  At an annual meeting of the shareholders, only such business may be conducted as has been properly brought before the meeting.  To be properly brought before an annual meeting, business (other than the nomination of a person for election as a director, which is governed by Section 10 of Article I, and, to the extent applicable, Section 11 of Article I), must be (1) brought before the meeting by or at the direction of the Board of Directors or (2) otherwise properly brought before the meeting by a shareholder who (A) has complied with all applicable requirements of this Section 9 of Article I and Section 11 of Article I in relation to such business, (B) was a shareholder of record of the Corporation at the time of giving the notice required by Section 11(a) of Article I and is a shareholder of record of the Corporation at the time of the annual meeting, and (C) is entitled to vote at the annual meeting.  For the avoidance of doubt, the foregoing clause (2) will be the exclusive means for a shareholder to submit business before an annual meeting of shareholders (other than proposals properly made in accordance with Rule 14a-8 under the Exchange Act and included in the notice of meeting given by or at the direction of the Board of Directors).  

(b) Required Form for Shareholder Proposals .  To be in proper form, a shareholder’s notice to the secretary must set forth in writing the following information, which must be updated and supplemented, if necessary, so that the information provided or required to be provided will be true and correct on the record date of the annual meeting and as of such date that is ten (10) business days prior to the annual meeting or any adjournment or postponement thereof, which update shall be delivered to the secretary no later than five (5) business days after the record date for the annual meeting and not later than eight (8) business days prior to the date of the annual meeting.  

(1) Information Regarding the Proposing Person .  As to each Proposing Person (as such term is defined in Section 11(d)(2) of Article I):

(i) the name and address of such Proposing Person, as they appear on the Corporation’s books;

(ii) the class, series and number of shares of the Corporation directly or indirectly beneficially owned or held of record by such Proposing Person (including any shares of any class or series of the Corporation as to which such Proposing Person has a right to acquire beneficial ownership, whether such right is exercisable immediately or only after the passage of time);

(iii) a representation (A) that the shareholder giving the notice is a holder of record of shares of the Corporation entitled to vote at the annual meeting and intends to appear at the annual meeting to bring such business before the annual meeting and (B) as to whether any Proposing Person intends to deliver a proxy statement and form of proxy to

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holders of at least the percentage of shares of the Corporation entitled to vote and required to approve the proposal and, if so, identifying such Proposing Person;  

(iv) a description of any (A) option, warrant, convertible security, stock appreciation right or similar right or interest (including any derivative securities, as defined under Rule 16a-1 under the Exchange Act or other synthetic arrangement having characteristics of a long position), assuming for purposes of this Amended and Restated Code of Regulations presently exercisable, with an exercise or conversion privilege or a settlement or payment mechanism at a price related to any class or series of securities of the Corporation or with a value derived in whole or in part from the value of any class or series of securities of the Corporation, whether or not such instrument or right is subject to settlement in whole or in part in the underlying class or series of securities of the Corporation or otherwise, directly or indirectly held of record or owned beneficially by such Proposing Person and whether or not such Proposing Person may have entered into transactions that hedge or mitigate the economic effects of such security or instrument and (B) each other direct or indirect right or interest that may enable such Proposing Person to profit or share in any profit derived from, or to manage the risk or benefit from, any increase or decrease in the value of the Corporation’s securities, in each case regardless of whether (x) such right or interest conveys any voting rights in such security to such Proposing Person, (y) such right or interest is required to be, or is capable of being, settled through delivery of such security, or (z) such Proposing Person may have entered into other transactions that hedge the economic effect of any such right or interest (any such right or interest referred to in this subsection (iv) being a “Derivative Interest”);

(v) any proxy, contract, agreement, arrangement, understanding or relationship pursuant to which the Proposing Person has a right to vote any shares of the Corporation or which has the effect of increasing or decreasing the voting power of such Proposing Person;

(vi) any contract, agreement, arrangement, understanding or relationship, including any repurchase or similar so called “stock borrowing” agreement or arrangement, the purpose or effect of which is to mitigate loss, reduce economic risk or increase or decrease voting power with respect to any capital stock of the Corporation or which provides any party, directly or indirectly, the opportunity to profit from any decrease in the price or value of the capital stock of the Corporation;  

(vii) any material pending or threatened legal proceeding involving the Corporation, any affiliate of the Corporation or any of their respective directors or officers, to which such Proposing Person or its affiliates is a party;  

(viii) any rights directly or indirectly held of record or beneficially by the Proposing Person to dividends on the shares of the Corporation that are separated or separable from the underlying shares of the Corporation;

(ix) any equity interests, including any convertible, derivative or short interests, in any principal competitor of the Corporation;

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(x) any performance-related fees (other than an asset-based fee) to which the Proposing Person or any affiliate or immediate family member of the Proposing Person may be entitled as a result of any increase or decrease in the value of shares of the Corporation or Derivative Interests; and

(xi) any other information relating to such Proposing Person that would be required to be disclosed in a proxy statement or other filing required pursuant to Section 14(a) of the Exchange Act to be made in connection with a general solicitation of proxies or consents by such Proposing Person in support of the business proposed to be brought before the meeting.  

(2) Information Regarding the Proposal .  As to each item of business that the shareholder giving the notice proposes to bring before the annual meeting:

(i) a description in reasonable detail of the business desired to be brought before the annual meeting and the reasons why such shareholder or any other Proposing Person believes that the taking of the action or actions proposed to be taken would be in the best interests of the Corporation and its shareholders;

(ii) a description in reasonable detail of any material interest of any Proposing Person in such business and a description in reasonable detail of all agreements, arrangements and understandings among the Proposing Persons or between any Proposing Person and any other person or entity (including their names) in connection with the proposal; and

(iii) the text of the proposal or business (including the text of any resolutions proposed for consideration).  

(3) No Right to Have Proposal Included .  A shareholder is not entitled to have its proposal included in the Corporation’s proxy statement and form of proxy solely as a result of such shareholder’s compliance with the foregoing provisions of this Section 9 of Article I.  

(4) Requirement to Attend Annual Meeting .  If a shareholder does not appear at the annual meeting to present its proposal, such proposal will be disregarded (notwithstanding that proxies in respect of such proposal may have been solicited, obtained or delivered).  

Section 10. Notice of Shareholder Director Nominations .  

(a) Nomination of Directors .  Except as otherwise provided in the Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation of the Corporation, only persons who are nominated in accordance with the procedures set forth in this Section 10 of Article I will be eligible to serve as directors.  Nominations of persons for election as directors of the Corporation pursuant to this Section 10 of Article I may be made only (1) by or at the direction of the Board of Directors or (2) by a shareholder who (i) has complied with all applicable requirements of this Section 10 of Article I and Section 11 of Article I in relation to such nomination, (ii) was a shareholder of record of the Corporation at the time of giving the notice required by Section 11(a) of Article I

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and is a shareholder of record of the Corporation at the time of the annual meeting, and (3) is entitled to vote at the annual meeting.  

(b) Required Form for Director Nominations .  To be in proper form, a shareholder’s notice to the secretary must set forth in writing:

(1) Information Regarding the Nominating Person .  As to each Nominating Person (as such term is defined in Section 11(d)(3) of Article I), the information set forth in Section 9(b)(1) of Article I (except that for purposes of this Section 10 of Article I, the term “Nominating Person” will be substituted for the term “Proposing Person” in all places where it appears in Section 9(b)(1) of Article I and any reference to “business” or “proposal” therein will be deemed to be a reference to the “nomination” contemplated by this Section 10 of Article I).

(2) Information Regarding the Nominee .  As to each person whom the shareholder giving notice proposes to nominate for election as a director:

(i) all information with respect to such proposed nominee that would be required to be set forth in a shareholder’s notice pursuant to Section 9(b)(1) if such proposed nominee were a Nominating Person;

(ii) all information relating to such proposed nominee that would be required to be disclosed in a proxy statement or other filing required pursuant to Section 14(a) under the Exchange Act to be made in connection with a general solicitation of proxies for an election of directors in a contested election (including such proposed nominee’s written consent to be named in the proxy statement as a nominee and to serve as a director if elected);

(iii) a reasonably detailed description of all direct and indirect compensation and other material monetary agreements, arrangements or understandings during the past three (3) years, any other material relationships, between or among such Nominating Person and its affiliates and associates or others acting in concert therewith, on the one hand, and each proposed nominee and his or her affiliates, associates or others acting in concert therewith, on the other hand, including all information that would be required to be disclosed pursuant to Items 403 and 404 under Regulation S-K if the shareholder giving the notice or any other Nominating Person were the “registrant” for purposes of such rule and the proposed nominee were a director or executive officer of such registrant;

(iv) a completed questionnaire (in the form provided by the secretary upon written request) with respect to the identity, background and qualification of the proposed nominee and the background of any other person or entity on whose behalf the nomination is being made; and

(v) a written representation and agreement (in the form provided by the secretary upon written request) that the proposed nominee (a) is qualified and if elected intends to serve as a director of the Corporation for the entire term for which such proposed nominee is standing for election, (b) is not and will not become a party to (x) any agreement, arrangement or understanding with, and has not given any commitment or assurance

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to, any person or entity as to how the proposed nominee, if elected as a director of the Corporation, will act or vote on any issue or question (a “Voting Commitment”) that has not been disclosed to the Corporation or (y) any Voting Commitment that could limit or interfere with the proposed nominee’s ability to comply, if elected as a director of the Corporation, with the proposed nominee’s fiduciary duties under applicable law, (c) is not and will not become a party to any agreement, arrangement or understanding with any person or entity other than the Corporation with respect to any direct or indirect compensation, reimbursement or indemnification in connection with service or action as a director that has not been disclosed therein, and (d) if elected as a director of the Corporation, the proposed nominee would be in compliance and will comply, with all applicable publicly disclosed corporate governance, ethics, conflict of interest, confidentiality and share ownership and trading policies and guidelines of the Corporation.

The Corporation may require any proposed nominee to furnish such other information as may be reasonably required by the Corporation to determine the qualifications and eligibility of such proposed nominee to serve as a director.

(c) No Right to Have Nominees Included .  A shareholder is not entitled to have its nominees included in the Corporation’s proxy statement solely as a result of such shareholder’s compliance with the foregoing provisions of this Section 10 of Article I.

(d) Requirement to Attend Annual Meeting .  If a shareholder does not appear at the annual meeting to present its nomination, such nomination will be disregarded (notwithstanding that proxies in respect of such nomination may have been solicited, obtained or delivered).

Section 11. Additional Provisions Relating to the Notice of Shareholder Business and Director Nominations .

(a) Timely Notice .  To be timely, a shareholder’s notice required by Sections 9(a) or 10(a) of Article I must be delivered to or mailed and received by the secretary at the principal executive offices of the Corporation not less than ninety (90) nor more than one hundred twenty (120) calendar days prior to the first anniversary of the date on which the Corporation held the preceding year’s annual meeting of shareholders; provided, however, that if the date of the annual meeting is scheduled for a date more than thirty (30) calendar days prior to or more than thirty (30) calendar days after the anniversary of the preceding year’s annual meeting, notice by the shareholder to be timely must be so delivered not later than the close of business on the later of the ninetieth (90th) calendar day prior to such annual meeting and the tenth (10th) calendar day following the day on which public disclosure of the date of such meeting is first made.  In no event will a recess or adjournment of an annual meeting (or any announcement of any such recess or adjournment) commence a new time period (or extend any time period) for the giving of a shareholder’s notice as described above.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the event the number of directors to be elected to the Board of Directors at the annual meeting is increased by the Board of Directors, and there is no public announcement by the Corporation naming the nominees for the additional directors at least one hundred (100) calendar days prior to the first anniversary of the date on which the Corporation held the preceding year’s annual meeting of shareholders, a shareholder’s notice pursuant to Section

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10(a) of Article I will be considered timely, but only with respect to nominees for the additional directorships, if it is delivered to or mailed and received by the secretary at the principal executive offices of the Corporation not later than the close of business on the tenth (10th) calendar day following the day on which such public announcement is first made by the Corporation.

(b) Updating Information in Notice .  A shareholder providing notice of business proposed to be brought before an annual meeting pursuant to Section 9 of Article I or notice of any nomination to be made at an annual meeting pursuant to Section 10 of Article I must further update and supplement such notice, if necessary, so that the information provided or required to be provided in such notice pursuant to Section 9 of Article I or Section 10 of Article I, as applicable, is true and correct as of the record date for notice of the meeting and as of the date that is ten (10) days prior to the meeting or any recess, adjournment or postponement thereof.  Any such update and supplement must be delivered to, or mailed and received by, the secretary at the principal executive offices of the Corporation, as promptly as practicable.  

(c) Determinations of Form; Effect of Noncompliance; Etc .  The presiding officer of any annual meeting will, if the facts warrant, determine that a proposal was not made in accordance with the procedures prescribed by Section 9 of Article I and this Section 11 of Article I or that a nomination was not made in accordance with the procedures prescribed by Section 10 of Article I and this Section 11 of Article I, and if he or she should so determine, he or she will so declare to the meeting and the defective proposal or nomination, as applicable, will be disregarded.  Notwithstanding anything in this Amended and Restated Code of Regulations to the contrary: (1) no nominations shall be made or business shall be conducted at any annual meeting or special meeting except in accordance with the procedures set forth in Sections 2, 9, 10 and 11 of Article I, as applicable, and (2) unless otherwise required by law, if a Proposing Person intending to propose business or a Nominating Person intending to make nominations at an annual meeting or special meeting pursuant to Sections 2, 9, 10 and 11, as applicable, does not provide the information required under Sections 2, 9, 10 and 11, as applicable, to the Corporation in accordance with the applicable timing requirements set forth in this Amended and Restated Code of Regulations, or the Proposing Person or Nominating Person (or a qualified representative thereof) does not appear at the meeting to present the proposed business or nominations, such business or nominations shall not be considered, notwithstanding that proxies in respect of such business or nominations may have been received by the Corporation.

(d) Certain Definitions .  

(1) For purposes of Sections 9, 10 and 11 of Article I, “public disclosure” means disclosure in a press release reported by the Dow Jones News Service, Bloomberg, Associated Press or comparable national news service or in a document filed by the Corporation with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) pursuant to the Exchange Act or furnished by the Corporation to shareholders.

(2) For purposes of Sections 9 and 11 of Article I, “Proposing Person” means (i) the shareholder providing the notice of business proposed to be brought before an annual meeting, (ii) the beneficial owner or beneficial owners, if different, on whose behalf the notice of the business proposed to be brought before the annual meeting is given, and (iii) any

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Affiliate or Associate (each within the meaning of Rule 12b-2 under the Exchange Act) of such shareholder or beneficial owner.

(3) For purposes of Sections 10 and 11 of Article I, “Nominating Person” means (i) the shareholder providing the notice of the nomination proposed made to be at an annual meeting, (ii) the beneficial owner or beneficial owners, if different, on whose behalf the notice of nomination proposed to be made at the annual meeting is given, and (iii) any Affiliate or Associate (each within the meaning of Rule 12b-2 under the Exchange Act) of such shareholder or beneficial owner.

Section 12. Shareholder Access to the Corporation’s Proxy Materials .  

(a) The Corporation shall include in its proxy statement and proxy for any annual meeting of shareholders (collectively, the “Proxy Materials”), together with any information required to be included in a proxy statement filed pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC and, if the Eligible Shareholder (as defined below) so elects, a Statement (as defined below), the name of any person nominated for election to the Board of Directors (the “Shareholder Nominee”) by a shareholder, or a group of no more than 20 shareholders, who satisfies the requirements of this Section 12 of Article I (an “Eligible Shareholder”) and who expressly elects at the time of providing the written notice required by this Section 12 of Article I to have its nominee included in the Proxy Materials pursuant to this Section 12 of Article I.  For purposes of any representation, agreement or other undertaking required by this Section 12 of Article I, the term “Eligible Shareholder” shall include each member of any group forming an Eligible Shareholder.  Such written notice shall consist of a copy of Schedule 14N filed with the SEC in accordance with Rule 14a-18 of the Exchange Act, as amended, or any successor schedule or form filed with the SEC in accordance with Rule 14a-18 of the Exchange Act, as amended, or any successor provision, the Required Information (as defined below) and the other information required by this Section 12 of Article I (all such information collectively referred to as the “Proxy Notice”), and such Proxy Notice shall be delivered to the Corporation in accordance with the procedures and at the times set forth in this Section 12 of Article I.  

(b) Each Proxy Notice must set forth or include (the following, collectively referred to as the “Required Information”):

(1) the name and address, as they appear on the Corporation’s books, of the shareholder or group of shareholders giving such notice;

(2) a representation that the shareholder or group of shareholders giving such notice is a holder of record of stock of the Corporation entitled to vote at such annual meeting and intends to appear in person or by proxy at the annual meeting to nominate the person or persons specified in such notice;

(3) the class and number of shares of stock of the Corporation owned beneficially and of record by the shareholder or group of shareholders giving such notice;

(4) a description of all arrangements or understandings between or among any of (i) the shareholder or group of shareholders giving such notice, (ii) each nominee, and (iii) any other person or persons (naming such person or persons) pursuant to which the

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nomination or nominations are to be made by the shareholder or group of shareholders giving such notice;

(5) such other information regarding each nominee proposed by the shareholder or group of shareholders giving such notice as would be required to be included in a proxy statement filed pursuant to the proxy rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission had the nominee been nominated, or intended to be nominated, by the Board of Directors;

(6) the signed consent of each nominee to serve as a director of the Corporation if so elected, and

(7) if the Eligible Shareholder so elects, a Statement.

(c) To be timely, the Proxy Notice must be delivered to or mailed and received at the principal executive offices of the Corporation no earlier than one hundred fifty (150) calendar days and no later than one hundred twenty (120) calendar days prior to the first (1st) anniversary of the date that the Corporation issued its Proxy Materials for the previous year’s annual meeting of shareholders; provided, however, that in the event that the date of the annual meeting is more than thirty (30) calendar days before or more than sixty (60) calendar days after the first (1st) anniversary of the previous year’s annual meeting of shareholders, the Proxy Notice, to be timely, must be delivered to or mailed and received at the principal executive offices of the Corporation not later than (1) one hundred fifty (150) calendar days prior to the date of such annual meeting or (2) if the first public announcement of the date of such annual meeting is less than one hundred fifty (150) calendar days prior to the date of such annual meeting, ten (10) calendar days following the day on which public announcement is first made by the Corporation of the date of such meeting.  

(d) The Corporation shall not be required to include, pursuant to this Section 12 of Article I, any Shareholder Nominee in the Proxy Materials:

(1) whose election as a member of the Board of Directors would cause the Corporation to be in violation of this Amended and Restated Code of Regulations, the Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation of the Corporation, the rules and listing standards of the principal U.S. exchange upon which the common shares of the Corporation are listed, any applicable state or federal law, rule or regulation or the Corporation’s publicly disclosed policies and procedures,

(2) who is or has been within the past three (3) years, an officer or director of a competitor, as defined in Section 8 of the Clayton Antitrust Act of 1914, as amended,

(3) who is a named subject of a pending criminal proceeding or has been convicted in such a criminal proceeding within the past ten (10) years (excluding traffic violations and other minor offenses), or

(4) who is subject to any order of the type specified in Rule 506(d) of Regulation D promulgated under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or any successor provision.  

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(e) The maximum number of Shareholder Nominees appearing in the Proxy Materials with respect to an annual meeting of shareholders shall not exceed twenty percent (20%) of the number of directors in office as of the last day on which the Proxy Notice may be delivered or received or, if such amount is not a whole number, the closest whole number below twenty percent (20%), and in any event, not less than two (2) Shareholder Nominees.  In the event that one (1) or more vacancies for any reason occurs on the Board of Directors after the last day on which the Proxy Notice may be delivered or received but before or as of the annual meeting of shareholders and the Board of Directors resolves to reduce the size of the Board of Directors in connection therewith, the maximum number of Shareholder Nominees included in the Proxy Materials shall be calculated based on the number of directors in office as so reduced. Shareholder Nominees that were submitted by an Eligible Shareholder for inclusion in Proxy Materials pursuant to this Section 12 of Article I but either are subsequently withdrawn after the last day on which the Proxy Notice may be delivered or received or whom the Board of Directors itself determines to nominate for election shall, for the purposes of this Section 12 of Article I, count as Shareholder Nominees appearing in the Proxy Materials.  Each Eligible Shareholder shall rank each Shareholder Nominee it submitted for inclusion in the Proxy Materials and in the event that the number of Shareholder Nominees submitted by Eligible Shareholders pursuant to this Section 12 of Article I exceeds this maximum number, the highest ranked Shareholder Nominee from the Eligible Shareholder owning the greatest number of shares of stock of the Corporation will be selected for inclusion in the Proxy Materials first, followed by the highest ranked Shareholder Nominee of the Eligible Shareholder holding the next greatest number of shares of stock of the Corporation, and continuing on in that manner until the maximum number of Shareholder Nominees is reached.  

(f) For purposes of this Section 12 of Article I, an Eligible Shareholder shall be deemed to own only those outstanding common shares as to which the shareholder possesses both (1) the full voting and investment rights pertaining to the shares and (2) the full economic interest in (including the opportunity for profit and risk of loss on) such shares; provided that the number of shares calculated in accordance with clauses (1) and (2) shall not include any shares (i) sold by such shareholder or any of its affiliates in any transaction that has not been settled or closed, (ii) borrowed by such shareholder or any of its affiliates for any purposes or purchased by such shareholder or any of its affiliates pursuant to an agreement to resell, or (iii) subject to any option, warrant, forward contract, swap, contract of sale, other derivative or similar agreement entered into by such shareholder or any of its affiliates, whether any such instrument or agreement is to be settled with shares or with cash based on the notional amount or value of shares of outstanding common shares, in any such case which instrument or agreement has, or is intended to have, or if exercised would have, the purpose or effect of (x) reducing in any manner, to any extent or at any time in the future, such shareholder’s or its affiliates’ full right to vote or direct the voting of any such shares, or (y) hedging, offsetting or altering to any degree gain or loss arising from the full economic ownership of such shares by such shareholder or affiliate. Further, for purposes of this Section 12 of Article I, an Eligible Shareholder shall be deemed to own shares held in the name of a nominee or other intermediary so long as the shareholder retains the right to recall the shares for voting purposes on no less than five (5) business days’ notice, represents that they will vote such shares at the applicable shareholder meeting and possesses the full economic interest in the shares.  An Eligible Shareholder’s ownership of shares shall be deemed to continue during any period in which the shareholder has delegated any voting power by means of a proxy, power of attorney or other instrument or arrangement that is

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revocable at any time by the shareholder.  The terms “owned,” “owning” and other variations of the word “own” shall have correlative meanings.  Whether outstanding shares of the common stock of the Corporation are owned for purposes of this Section 12 of Article I shall be determined by the Board of Directors or a committee thereof, in its reasonable discretion.  For the purposes of this Section 12 of Article I, the term “affiliate” or “affiliates” shall have the meaning ascribed thereto under the rules and regulations of the Exchange Act.  No shares of the Corporation may be attributed to more than one group constituting an Eligible Shareholder and no shareholder or beneficial owner, alone or together with any of its affiliates, may be a member of more than one group constituting an Eligible Shareholder.  Furthermore, two (2) or more funds that are (x) under common management and investment control, (y) under common management and funded primarily by the same employer or (z) a “group of investment companies,” as such term is defined in the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, shall be treated as one (1) shareholder for purposes of determining Eligible Shareholder status.  

(g) An Eligible Shareholder must have owned three percent (3%) or more of the issued and outstanding common shares continuously for at least three (3) years (the “Required Shares”) as of each of the date the Proxy Notice is delivered to or received by the Corporation, the date the Proxy Notice is required to be delivered to or received by the Corporation in accordance with this Section 12 of Article I and the record date for determining shareholders entitled to vote at the annual meeting, and must continue to hold the Required Shares through the date of the annual meeting.  Within the time period specified in this Section 12  of Article I for delivery of the Proxy Notice, an Eligible Shareholder must provide the following information in writing to the secretary:

(1) one or more written statements from the record holder of the shares (and from each intermediary through which the shares are or have been held during the requisite three-year (3-year) holding period) verifying that, as of a date within three (3) calendar days prior to the date the Proxy Notice is delivered to or received by the Corporation, the Eligible Shareholder owns, and has owned continuously for the preceding three (3) years, the Required Shares, and the Eligible Shareholder’s agreement to provide, within five (5) business days after each of the date the Proxy Notice is required to be delivered to or received by the Corporation and the record date for the annual meeting, written statements from the record holder and intermediaries verifying the Eligible Shareholder’s continuous ownership of the Required Shares through each of the date the Proxy Notice is required to be delivered to or received by the Corporation and the record date, along with a written statement that the Eligible Shareholder will continue to hold the Required Shares through the date of the annual meeting;

(2) the Required Information, together with the written consent of each Shareholder Nominee to being named in the proxy statement as a nominee;

(3) a representation that (i) the Eligible Shareholder acquired the Required Shares in the ordinary course of business and did not acquire any of the Required Shares with the intent to change or influence control of the Corporation, and does not presently have such intent, (ii) the Eligible Shareholder has not nominated and will not nominate for election to the Board of Directors at the annual meeting any person other than the Shareholder Nominee(s) being nominated pursuant to this Section 12 of Article I, (iii) the Eligible Shareholder has not engaged and will not engage in, and has not and will not be a “participant”

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in another person’s, “solicitation” within the meaning of Rule 14a-1(l) under the Exchange Act or any successor provision in support of the election of any individual as a director at the annual meeting other than its Shareholder Nominee or a nominee of the Board of Directors, (iv) that the Shareholder Nominee(s) is or are eligible for inclusion in the Proxy Materials under this Section 12 of Article I and (v) the Eligible Shareholder will not distribute to any shareholder any proxy for the annual meeting other than the form distributed by the Corporation;

(4) an undertaking that the Eligible Shareholder agrees to (i) assume all liability stemming from any legal or regulatory violation arising out of the Eligible Shareholder’s communications with the shareholders of the Corporation or out of the information that the Eligible Shareholder provided to the Corporation, (ii) comply with all other laws and regulations applicable to any solicitation in connection with the annual meeting, and (iii) provide to the Corporation prior to the election of directors such additional information as requested with respect thereto, including any other certifications, representations or undertakings as the Corporation may reasonably request;

(5) in the case of a nomination by a group of shareholders that together is an Eligible Shareholder, the designation by all group members of one group member that is authorized to act on behalf of all such members with respect to the nomination;

(6) an undertaking that the Eligible Shareholder agrees to immediately notify the Corporation if the Eligible Shareholder ceases to own any of the Required Shares prior to the date of the applicable annual meeting; and

(7) in the case of a nomination by an Eligible Shareholder that includes a group of funds whose shares are aggregated for purposes of constituting an Eligible Shareholder, an undertaking that the Eligible Shareholder agrees to provide all documentation and other information reasonably requested by the Corporation to demonstrate that the funds satisfy the requirements of this Section 12 of Article I.

If the Eligible Shareholder does not comply with each of the applicable representation, agreements and undertakings set forth in this Section 12 of Article I, or the Eligible Shareholder provides information to the Corporation regarding a nomination that is untrue in any material respect or omitted to state a material fact necessary in order to make a statement made, in light of the circumstances under which it was made, not misleading, the Shareholder Nominee(s) nominated by such Eligible Shareholder shall be deemed to have been withdrawn and will not be included in the Proxy Materials.  

(h) The Eligible Shareholder may provide to the secretary, at the time the information required by this Section 12 of Article I is first provided, a written statement (the “Statement”) for inclusion in the Proxy Materials, not to exceed five hundred (500) words, in support of the Shareholder Nominee’s candidacy.  Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Section 12 of Article I, the Corporation may omit from the Proxy Materials any information or Statement that it, in good faith, believes is materially false or misleading, omits to state any material fact or would violate any applicable law or regulation.  If multiple members of a shareholder group submit a statement for inclusion, the statement received by the Eligible Shareholder owning the greatest number of shares will be selected.  

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(i) On or prior to the date the Proxy Notice is required to be delivered or received by the Corporation as specified in this Section 12 of Article I, a Shareholder Nominee must deliver to the secretary the written questionnaire required of directors and officers.  The Shareholder Nominee must also deliver to the Corporation such additional information as the Corporation may request to permit the Board of Directors to determine if the Shareholder Nominee is independent under the rules and listing standards of the principal U.S. exchange upon which the Corporation’s common shares are listed, any applicable rules of the SEC and any publicly disclosed standards used by the Board of Directors in determining and disclosing the independence of its directors.  If the Board of Directors determines in good faith that the Shareholder Nominee is not independent under any of these standards, the Shareholder Nominee will be deemed to have been withdrawn and will not be included in the Proxy Materials.  If a Shareholder Nominee or an Eligible Shareholder fails to continue to meet the requirements of this Section 12 of Article I, the Eligible Shareholder fails to meet all of the requirements of the notice provisions set forth in this Section 12 of Article I or a Shareholder Nominee dies, becomes disabled or is otherwise disqualified from being nominated for election or serving as a director prior to the annual meeting of shareholders: (1) the Corporation may, to the extent feasible, remove the name of the Shareholder Nominee and the Statement from its proxy statement, remove the name of the Shareholder Nominee from its form of proxy and/or otherwise communicate to its shareholders that the Shareholder Nominee will not be eligible for nomination at the annual meeting of shareholders; and (2) the Eligible Shareholder may not name another Shareholder Nominee or, subsequent to the date on which the Proxy Notice is required to be delivered to or received by the Corporation, otherwise cure in any way any defect preventing the nomination of the Shareholder Nominee at the annual meeting of shareholders.  On or prior to the date the Proxy Notice is required to be delivered to or received by the Corporation as specified in this Section 12 of Article I, a Shareholder Nominee must deliver to the secretary a written representation and agreement that such person (x) is not and will not become a party to any agreement, arrangement or understanding with, and has not given any commitment or assurance to, any person or entity as to how such person, if elected as a director of the Corporation, will act or vote on any issue or question that has not been disclosed to the Corporation, (y) is not and will not become a party to any agreement, arrangement or understanding with any person or entity other than the Corporation with respect to any direct or indirect compensation, reimbursement or indemnification in connection with service or action as a director that has not been disclosed to the Corporation, and (z) will comply with all the Corporation corporate governance, conflict of interest, confidentiality and stock ownership and trading policies and guidelines, and any other the Corporation policies and guidelines applicable to directors.  If the Shareholder Nominee fails to comply with any of the requirements included in this Section 12 of Article I, the Shareholder Nominee will be deemed to have withdrawn and will not be included in the Proxy Materials.  

(j) Notwithstanding the provisions of this Section 12 of Article I, unless otherwise required by law or otherwise determined by the Board of Directors, if (1) the Eligible Shareholder or (2) a qualified representative of the Eligible Shareholder does not appear at the applicable annual meeting to present its Shareholder Nominee or Shareholder Nominees, such nomination or nominations shall be disregarded, and no vote on such Shareholder Nominee or Shareholder Nominees will occur, notwithstanding that proxies in respect of such vote may have been received by the Corporation.  For purposes of this Section 12 of Article I, to be considered a qualified representative of an Eligible Shareholder, a person must be authorized by a writing

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signed by such Eligible Shareholder or an electronic transmission delivered by such Eligible Shareholder to act for such Eligible Shareholder as proxy at the applicable annual meeting and such person must produce such writing or electronic transmission, or a reliable reproduction of the writing or electronic transmission, at the applicable annual meeting.  

(k) Notwithstanding anything in this Section 12 of Article I to the contrary, in the event that the number of directors to be elected to the Board of Directors is increased by the Board of Directors, and there is no public announcement by the Corporation naming all of the nominees for director or specifying the size of the increased Board of Directors at least one hundred thirty (130) calendar days prior to the first (1st) anniversary of the preceding year’s annual meeting, a Proxy Notice shall also be considered timely, but only with respect to Shareholder Nominees for any new positions created by such increase and only to the extent the increase in the size of the Board of Directors increases the number of Shareholder Nominees permitted under this Section 12 of Article I, if it shall be delivered to or received by the secretary at the principal executive offices of the Corporation not later than the close of business on the tenth (10th) calendar day following the day on which such public announcement is first made by the Corporation.  

(l) Compliance with this Section 12 of Article I shall be the exclusive method for shareholders to include nominees for director in the Proxy Materials.

Section 13. Action by Written Consent .  Any action required or permitted to be taken by the shareholders of the Corporation at a duly called annual or special meeting of shareholders of the Corporation may be effected by unanimous consent in writing by such shareholders.

ARTICLE II

Directors

Section 1. Number of Directors .  The number of directors of the Corporation, none of whom need be shareholders, may be fixed or changed, but in no case shall the number be fewer than three (3) or more than fifteen (15), at any annual meeting or at any special meeting called for that purpose by the affirmative vote of the holders of shares entitling them to exercise a majority of the voting power of the Corporation on such proposal.  In addition to the authority of the shareholders to fix or change the number of directors as described above, (a) the directors of the Corporation may fix or change the number of directors by a majority vote of the directors then in office and may fill any vacancy that is created by an increase in the number of directors; provided, however, that no decrease in the number of directors pursuant to this clause shall have the effect of shortening a current director’s term of office and (b) the number of directors shall be automatically increased to accommodate any directors elected pursuant to Section 7 of Division A of Article FOURTH of the Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation of the Corporation and (ii) decreased proportionately in the event the conditions for the election of one or more directors pursuant to Section 7 of provision A of Article FOURTH of the Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation of the Corporation cease to be satisfied.  

Section 2. Election of Directors .  Except as otherwise provided in the Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation of the Corporation, Directors shall be elected at the annual

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meeting of shareholders, but when the annual meeting has not been held prior to the conclusion of the applicable calendar year or directors are not elected thereat, they may be elected at a special meeting called and held for that purpose.  Such election shall be by ballot whenever requested by any shareholder entitled to vote at such election; but, unless such request is made, the election may be conducted in any manner approved at such meeting.  

Section 3. Term of Office .  The directors will initially be classified with respect to the time for which they severally hold office into two (2) classes, as nearly equal in number as possible, designated Class I and Class II.  At any meeting of shareholders at which directors are to be elected, the number of directors elected may not exceed the greatest number of directors then in office in any class of directors.  The directors first appointed to Class I will hold office for a term expiring at the annual meeting of shareholders to be held in 2019 and the directors first appointed to Class II will hold office for a term expiring at the annual meeting of shareholders to be held in 2020, after which time the board of directors shall cease to be classified for purposes of applicable law.  The members of each class will hold office until their successors are elected and qualified, or until their earlier resignation or removal in accordance with the terms hereof.  At each annual meeting of the shareholders of the Corporation, the successors to the directors whose terms expire at that meeting will be elected at such meeting to hold office for a term expiring at the annual meeting of shareholders held in the following year of their election and until their successors are elected and qualified, or until their earlier resignation or removal in accordance with the terms hereof.

Section 4. Removal .  Any director may be removed from office at any time, at a meeting called for that purpose, by the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the voting power of all outstanding shares of capital stock entitled to vote generally in the election of directors, voting together as a single class; provided that prior to conclusion of the annual meeting of shareholders to be held in 2020, such removal shall only be for cause.

Section 5. Newly Created Directorships; Vacancies .  Except as otherwise required by the Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation of the Corporation, any newly created directorships resulting from any increase in the number of directors or any vacancies in the Board of Directors resulting from death, resignation, retirement, disqualification, removal from office or any other cause shall be filled exclusively by the affirmative vote of a majority of the directors then in office, even if less than a quorum, or by the sole remaining director, and shall not be filled by shareholders.  A director elected to fill a vacancy shall be elected for the unexpired term of his or her predecessor in office and until his or her successor is duly elected and qualified, and a director chosen to fill a position resulting from an increase in the number of directors shall hold office until his or her successor is duly elected and qualified, or, in each case, his or her earlier death, resignation, removal or retirement.

Section 6. Quorum and Transaction of Business .  A majority of the whole authorized number of directors shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business, except that a majority of the directors in office shall constitute a quorum for filling a vacancy on the board.  Whenever less than a quorum is present at the time and place appointed for any meeting of the board, a majority of those present may adjourn the meeting from time to time until a quorum shall be present.  The act of a majority of the directors present at a meeting at which a quorum is present shall be the act of the board.

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Section 7. Annual Meeting .  Annual meetings of the Board of Directors shall be held immediately following annual meetings of the shareholders, or at such other time as the Board of Directors may determine.  Annual meetings of directors may be held within or without the State of Ohio , or by remote communication.

Section 8. Regular Meetings .  Regular meetings of the Board of Directors shall be held at such times as the Board of Directors may, from time to time, determine.  Regular meetings of directors may be held within or without the State of Ohio, or by remote communication.

Section 9. Special Meetings .  Special meetings of the Board of Directors may be called by the chairman of the Board of Directors, the president, any vice president, or any two members of the Board of Directors, and shall be held at such times and places, within or without the State of Ohio or by remote communications, as may be specified in such call.

Section 10. Notice of Annual or Special Meetings .  Notice of each annual or special meeting shall be given to each director by the secretary or by the person or persons calling such meeting.  Such notice need not specify the purpose or purposes of the meeting and may be given by (a) personal delivery (including by mail or courier service), in which case the notice shall be deemed to be given when the director receives such notice, (b) by electronic communication, in which case the notice shall be deemed to be given upon the transmission of the message to the applicable electronic address on file with the Corporation, or (c) by telephone, in which case the notice shall be deemed to be given at the time of the telephone call to which the director is a party.  The method of giving notice to directors need not be uniform.  The notice shall be deemed properly and duly given if given at least twelve (12) hours prior to the commencement of the meeting.  Any meeting at which all of the directors are present, or with respect to which all absent directors waive the giving of notice in accordance with this Section 10, shall be a valid meeting whether notice thereof was given or not, and any business may be transacted at such a meeting subject to the quorum provisions of this Amended and Restated Code of Regulations.  The giving of notice may be waived by a director at any time, whether before or after the applicable meeting, by any method authorized by such director.

Section 11. Participation in Meetings by Remote Communications .  The directors or members of any committee designated by the Board of Directors may participate in a meeting of the Board of Directors or any such committee, as the case may be, by means of conference telephone or other communications equipment by means of which all persons participating in the meeting can hear each other, and such participation in a meeting will constitute presence in person at the meeting.

Section 12. Compensation .  The directors, as such, shall be entitled to receive such reasonable compensation for their services as may be fixed from time to time by resolution of the board, and expenses of attendance, if any, may be allowed for attendance at each annual, regular or special meeting of the Board of Directors.  Members of the executive committee or of any standing or special committee may by resolution of the Board of Directors be allowed such compensation for their services as the Board of Directors may deem reasonable, and additional compensation may be allowed to directors for special services rendered.

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Section 13. Chairman of the Board .  The Board of Directors, in its discretion, may elect a chairman of the Board of Directors.  The chairman of the Board of Directors, if one be elected, shall be chosen from among the members of the Board of Directors.  The chairman of the Board of Directors, if one be elected, shall preside at all meetings of the Board of Directors and shall have such other powers and duties as may be prescribed by the Board of Directors.  

Section 14. By-Laws .  For the government of its actions, the Board of Directors may adopt by-laws consistent with the Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation of the Corporation and this Amended and Restated Code of Regulations.

Section 15. Action by Written Consent .  Any action required or permitted to be taken by the Board of Directors at a duly called annual or special meeting of the Board of Directors may be effected by unanimous consent in writing by all of the directors.

ARTICLE III

Committees

Section 1. Executive Committee .  The Board of Directors may from time to time, by resolution passed by a majority of the whole board, create an executive committee of two (2) or more directors, the members of which shall be elected by the Board of Directors to serve during the pleasure of the Board of Directors.  If the Board of Directors does not designate a chairman of the executive committee, the executive committee shall elect a chairman from its own number.  Except as otherwise provided herein and in the resolution creating an executive committee, such committee shall, during the intervals between the meetings of the Board of Directors, possess and may exercise all of the powers of the Board of Directors in the management of the business and affairs of the Corporation, other than that of filling vacancies among the directors or in any committee of the directors.  The executive committee shall keep full records and accounts of its proceedings and transactions.  All action by the executive committee shall be reported to the Board of Directors at its meeting next succeeding such action.  Vacancies in the executive committee shall be filled by the Board of Directors, and the Board of Directors may appoint one or more directors as alternate members of the committee who may take the place of any absent member or members at any meeting.

Section 2. Meetings of Executive Committee .  Subject to the provisions of this Amended and Restated Code of Regulations, the executive committee shall fix its own rules of procedure and shall meet as provided by such rules or by resolutions of the Board of Directors, and it shall also meet at the call of the president, the chairman of the executive committee or any two members of the committee.  Unless otherwise provided by such rules or by such resolutions, the provisions of Section 10 of Article II relating to the notice required to be given of meetings of the Board of Directors shall also apply to meetings of the executive committee.  A majority of the executive committee shall be necessary to constitute a quorum.  The executive committee may act by unanimous consent of the members of the committee, without a meeting.

Section 3. Other Committees and Subcommittees .  The Board of Directors may by resolution provide for such other standing or special committees and subcommittees consisting of one (1) or more directors as it deems desirable, and discontinue the same at its pleasure.  Each

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such committee or subcommittee shall have such powers and perform such duties, not inconsistent with law, as may be delegated to it by the Board of Directors.  Action may be taken by any such committee or subcommittee without a meeting by a writing or writing signed by all of its members.  Any such committee or subcommittee may prescribe its own rules for calling and holding meetings and its method of procedure, subject to any rules prescribed by the Board of Directors, and will keep a written record of all action taken by it.  Vacancies in such committees and subcommittees shall be filled by the Board of Director s, and the directors may appoint one (1) or more directors as alternate members of any such committee or subcommittee who may take the place of any absent member or members at any meeting.

ARTICLE IV

Officers

Section 1. General Provisions .  The Board of Directors shall elect a president, a secretary and a treasurer and, in its discretion, a chief executive officer and/or such number of vice presidents as the board may from time to time determine.  The Board of Directors may from time to time create such offices and appoint such other officers, subordinate officers and assistant officers as it may determine.  The officers need not be chosen from among the members of the Board of Directors.  Any two of such offices, other than that of president and vice president, may be held by the same person.

Section 2. Term of Office .  The officers of the Corporation shall hold office during the pleasure of the Board of Directors.  The Board of Directors may remove any officer at any time, with or without cause.  A vacancy in any office, however created, shall be filled by the Board of Directors.  

ARTICLE V

Duties of Officers

Section 1. President; Chief Executive Officer .  The president shall exercise supervision over the business of the Corporation and over its several officers, subject, however, to the control of the Board of Directors.  The president shall preside at all meetings of shareholders, provided that in the absence of the president, the chairman of the Board of Directors shall preside at meetings of shareholders.  Further, in the absence of the chairman of the Board of Directors, or if a chairman of the Board of Directors shall not have been elected, the president shall also preside at meetings of the Board of Directors.  He or she shall have authority to sign all certificates for shares and all deeds, mortgages, bonds, agreements, notes and other instruments requiring his or her signature; and shall have all the powers and duties prescribed by Chapter 1701 of the Revised Code of Ohio and such others as the Board of Directors may from time to time assign to him or her.  The chief executive officer, if one be elected, shall have all the powers granted by this Amended and Restated Code of Regulations to the president and the president shall, subject to the powers of supervision and control conferred upon the chief executive officer, have such duties and powers as assigned to him or her by the Board of Directors or the chief executive officer.

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Section 2. Secretary .  The secretary shall keep minutes of all the proceedings of the shareholders and Board of Directors and shall make proper record of the same, which shall be attested by him or her; shall have authority to execute and deliver certificates as to any of such proceedings and any other records of the Corporation; shall have authority to sign all certificates for shares and all deeds, mortgages, bonds, agreements, notes and other instruments to be signed by the Corporation which require his or her signature; shall give notice of meetings of shareholders and directors; shall produce on request at each meeting of shareholders a certified list of shareholders arranged in alphabetical order; shall keep such books and records as may be required by law or by the Board of Directors; and, in general, shall perform all duties incident to the office of secretary and such other duties as may from time to time be assigned to him or her by the Board of Directors or the president.

Section 3. Treasurer .  The treasurer shall have general supervision of all finances; he or she shall receive and have in charge all money, bills, notes, deeds, leases, mortgages and similar property belonging to the Corporation, and shall do with the same as may from time to time be required by the Board of Directors.  He or she shall cause to be kept adequate and correct accounts of the business transactions of the Corporation, including accounts of its assets, liabilities, receipts, disbursements, gains, losses, stated capital and shares, together with such other accounts as may be required, and upon the expiration of his or her term of office shall turn over to his or her successor or to the Board of Directors all property, books, papers and money of the Corporation in his or her hands; and shall have such other powers and duties as may from time to time be assigned to him or her by the Board of Directors or the president.

Section 4. Vice Presidents .  The vice presidents, if any are to be elected, shall have such powers and duties as may from time to time be assigned to them by the Board of Directors or the president.  At the request of the president, or in the case of his or her absence or disability, the vice president designated by the president (or in the absence of such designation, the vice president designated by the board) shall perform all the duties of the president and, when so acting, shall have all the powers of the president.  The authority of vice presidents to sign in the name of the Corporation certificates for shares and deeds, mortgages, bonds, agreements, notes and other instruments shall be coordinate with like authority of the president.

Section 5. Assistant and Subordinate Officers .  The Board of Directors may appoint such assistant and subordinate officers as it may deem desirable.  Each such officer shall hold office during the pleasure of the Board of Directors, and perform such duties as the Board of Directors or the president may prescribe.  The Board of Directors may, from time to time, authorize any officer to appoint and remove subordinate officers and prescribe their authority and duties.

Section 6. Duties of Officers May Be Delegated .  In the absence of any officer of the Corporation, or for any other reason the Board of Directors or such officer may deem sufficient, the Board of Directors or such officer may delegate, for the time being, the powers or duties, or any of them, of such officer to any other officer or to any director.

ARTICLE VI

Directors’ and Officers’ Liability; Indemnification

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Section 1. Exculpation .  To the full extent permitted by Chapter 1701 of the Ohio Revised Code, or any other applicable laws presently or hereafter in effect, no director or officer of the Corporation will be personally liable to the Corporation or the shareholders of the Corporation for or with respect to any acts or omissions in the performance of his or her duties as a director or officer of the Corporation.  

Section 2. Indemnification .  

(a) The Corporation shall indemnify any person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party, to any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative, other than an action by or in the right of the Corporation, by reason of the fact that he or she is or was a director or officer of the Corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the Corporation as a director, trustee, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, domestic or foreign, nonprofit or for profit, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, against expenses, including attorneys’ fees, judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by him or her in connection with such action, suit or proceeding if he or she acted in good faith and in a manner he or she reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Corporation, and with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, had no reasonable cause to believe his or her conduct was unlawful.  The termination of any action, suit or proceeding by judgment, order, settlement, conviction or upon a plea of nolo contendere or its equivalent, shall not, of itself, create a presumption that the person did not act in good faith and in a manner which he or she reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Corporation, and with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, he or she had reasonable cause to believe that his or her conduct was unlawful.

(b) The Corporation shall indemnify any person who was or is a party, or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action or suit by or in the right of the Corporation to procure a judgment in its favor by reason of the fact that he or she is or was a director or officer of the Corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the Corporation as a director, trustee, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, domestic or foreign, nonprofit or for profit, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise against expenses, including attorneys’ fees, actually and reasonably incurred by him or her in connection with the defense or settlement of such action or suit if he or she acted in good faith and in a manner he or she reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Corporation, except that no indemnification shall be made in respect of any claim, issue or matter as to which such person shall have been adjudged to be liable for negligence or misconduct in the performance of his or her duty to the Corporation unless, and only to the extent that the Court of Common Pleas, or the court in which such action or suit was brought, shall determine upon application that, despite the adjudication of liability, but in view of all the circumstances of the case, such person is fairly and reasonably entitled to indemnity for such expenses as the Court of Common Pleas or such court shall deem proper.

Section 3. Indemnification as Matter of Right .  To the extent that a director, trustee, officer, employee or agent has been successful on the merits or otherwise in defense of any action, suit or proceeding referred to in Section 2 of this Article VI, or in defense of any claim,

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issue or matter therein, he or she shall be indemnified against expenses, including attorneys’ fees, actually and reasonably incurred by him or her in connection therewith.

Section 4. Determination of Conduct .  Any indemnification under Section 2 of this Article VI, unless ordered by a court, shall be made by the Corporation only as authorized in the specific case upon a determination that indemnification of the director, trustee, officer, employee, or agent is proper in the circumstances because he or she has met the applicable standard of conduct set forth in Section 2 of this Article VI.  Such determination shall be made (a) by a majority vote of a quorum consisting of directors of the Corporation who were not and are not parties to or threatened with any such action, suit or proceeding, or (b) if such a quorum is not obtainable or if a majority vote of a quorum of disinterested directors so directs, in a written opinion by independent legal counsel, other than an attorney or a firm having associated with it an attorney who has been retained by or who has performed services for the Corporation or any person to be indemnified within the past five (5) years, or (c) by the shareholders or (d) by the Court of Common Pleas or the court in which such action, suit or proceeding was brought.  Any determination made by the disinterested directors under Section 4(a) or by independent legal counsel under Section 4(b) of this Article VI shall be promptly communicated to the person who threatened or brought the action or suit, by or in the right of the Corporation under Section 2(b) of this Article VI, and within ten (10) days after receipt of such notification, such person shall have the right to petition the Court of Common Pleas or the court in which such action or suit was brought to review the reasonableness of such determination.

Section 5. Advance Payment of Expenses .  To the full extent permitted by Chapter 1701 of the Ohio Revised Code, or any other applicable laws presently or hereafter in effect, expenses, including attorneys’ fees, incurred in defending any action, suit or proceeding referred to in Section 2 of this Article VI, shall be paid by the Corporation in advance of the final disposition of such action, suit or proceeding as authorized by the directors in the specific case upon receipt of an undertaking by or on behalf of the director, trustee, officer, employee or agent to repay such amount, unless it shall ultimately be determined that he or she is entitled to be indemnified by the Corporation as authorized in this Article VI.

Section 6. Nonexclusivity .  The indemnification provided by this Article VI shall not be deemed exclusive of any other rights to which those seeking indemnification may be entitled under the Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation of the Corporation or this Amended and Restated Code of Regulations or any agreement, vote of shareholders or disinterested directors or otherwise, both as to action in his or her official capacity and as to action in another capacity while holding such office and shall continue as to a person who has ceased to be a director, trustee, officer, employee or agent and shall inure to the benefit of the heirs, executors and administrators of such a person.

Section 7. Liability Insurance .  The Corporation may purchase and maintain insurance on behalf of any person who is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of the Corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the Corporation as a director, trustee, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, domestic or foreign, nonprofit or for profit, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise against any liability asserted against him or her and incurred by him or her in any such capacity, or arising out of his or her status as such,

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whether or not the Corporation would have the power to indemnify him or her against such liability under the provisions of this Article VI or of Chapter 1701 of the Ohio Revised Code.  

Section 8. Survival .  Any repeal or modification of this Article VI will not adversely affect any right or protection of a director or an officer of the Corporation existing immediately prior to such repeal or modification.  The provisions of this Article VI shall survive any termination of this Amended and Restated Code of Regulations.

ARTICLE VII

Certificates for Shares; Uncertificated Shares

Section 1. Form and Execution of Certificates .  Certificates for shares, certifying the number of fully paid shares owned, may be, but are not required to be, issued to each shareholder in such form as shall be approved by the Board of Directors.  Such certificates shall be signed by the president or a vice president and by the secretary or an assistant secretary or the treasurer or an assistant treasurer; provided, however, that if such certificates are countersigned by a transfer agent and/or registrar, the signatures of any of said officers and the seal of the Corporation upon such certificates may be facsimiles, engraved, stamped or printed.  If any officer or officers, who shall have signed, or whose facsimile signature shall have been used, printed or stamped on any certificate or certificates for shares, shall cease to be such officer or officers, because of death, resignation or otherwise, before such certificate or certificates shall have been delivered by the Corporation, such certificate or certificates, if authenticated by the endorsement thereon of the signature of a transfer agent or registrar, shall nevertheless be conclusively deemed to have been adopted by the Corporation by the use and delivery thereof and shall be as effective in all respects as though signed by a duly elected, qualified and authorized officer or officers, and as though the person or persons who signed such certificate or certificates, or whose facsimile signature or signatures shall have been used thereon, had not ceased to be an officer or officers of the Corporation.

Section 2. Uncertificated Shares .  The Board of Directors may provide by resolution that some or all of any or all classes and series of shares of the Corporation shall be uncertificated shares, provided that the resolution shall not apply to shares represented by a certificate until the certificate is surrendered to the Corporation and the resolution shall not apply to a certificated security issued in exchange for an uncertificated security.  Within a reasonable time after the issuance or transfer of uncertificated shares, the Corporation shall send to the registered owner of the shares a written notice containing the information that would be required to be set forth or stated on a share certificate in accordance with applicable law.  Except as otherwise expressly provided by law, the rights and obligations of the holders of uncertificated shares and the rights and obligations of the holders of certificates representing shares of the same class and series shall be identical.

Section 3. Transfer and Registration of Certificates .  The Board of Directors shall have authority to make such rules and regulations, not inconsistent with law, the Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation of the Corporation or this Amended and Restated Code of Regulations, as it deems expedient concerning the issuance, transfer and registration of certificates for shares and the shares represented thereby and of uncertificated shares.

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Section 4. Lost, Destroyed or Stolen Certificates .  A new share certificate or certificates may be issued in place of any certificate theretofore issued by the Corporation which is alleged to have been lost, destroyed or wrongfully taken upon (i) the execution and delivery to the Corporation by the person claiming the certificate to have been lost, destroyed or wrongfully taken of an affidavit of that fact, specifying whether or not, at the time of such alleged loss, destruction or taking, the certificate was endorsed, and (ii) the furnishing to the Corporation of indemnity and other assurances satisfactory to the Corporation and to all transfer agents and registrars of the class of shares represented by the certificate against any and all losses, damages, costs, expenses or liabilities to which they or any of them may be subjected by reason of the issue and delivery of such new certificate or certificates or in respect of the original certificate.

Section 5. Registered Shareholders .  A person in whose name shares are of record on the books of the Corporation shall conclusively be deemed the unqualified owner and holder thereof for all purposes and to have capacity to exercise all rights of ownership.  Neither the Corporation nor any transfer agent of the Corporation shall be bound to recognize any equitable interest in or claim to such shares on the part of any other person, whether disclosed upon a certificate or otherwise, nor shall they be obliged to see to the execution of any trust or obligation.

ARTICLE VIII

Fiscal Year

The fiscal year of the Corporation shall end on December 31, of each year, or on such other date as may be fixed from time to time by the Board of Directors.

ARTICLE IX

Seal

The Board of Directors may provide a suitable seal containing the name of the Corporation.  If deemed advisable by the Board of Directors, duplicate seals may be provided and kept for the purposes of the Corporation.

ARTICLE X

Amendments

This Amended and Restated Code of Regulations may be amended, or new regulations may be adopted, (a) by the shareholders of the Corporation by the affirmative vote of the holders of at least 75% of the voting power of the outstanding shares of capital stock of the Corporation entitled to vote thereon, voting together as a single class or (b) by the Board of Directors, to the extent permitted by Chapter 1701 of the Ohio Revised Code.

Effective:  June 20, 2018

 

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Exhibit 31.1

CERTIFICATIONS

I, David R. Lukes, certify that:

1.

I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Retail Value Inc.;

2.

Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.

Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4.

The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) for the registrant and have:

 

a)

Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

 

b )

Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

 

c )

Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5.

The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

 

a)

All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

 

b)

Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

 

August 10, 2018

 

Date

 

 

 

 

/s/ David R. Lukes

 

David R. Lukes

 

President and Chief Executive Officer

 

Exhibit 31.2

CERTIFICATIONS

I, Matthew L. Ostrower, certify that:

1.

I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Retail Value Inc.;

2.

Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.

Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4.

The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) for the registrant and have:

 

a)

Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

 

b )

Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

 

c)

Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5.

The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

 

a)

All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

 

b)

Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

 

August 10, 2018

 

Date

 

 

 

 

/s/ Matthew L. Ostrower

 

Matthew L. Ostrower

 

Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

 

Exhibit 32.1

 

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

 

 

 

I, David R. Lukes, President and Chief Executive Officer of Retail Value Inc. (the “Company”), certify, pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that, to the best of my knowledge:

 

(1) The Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of the Company for the period ended June 30, 2018, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Report”), which this certification accompanies, fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

 

(2) The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company as of the dates and for the periods expressed in the Report.

 

 

 

 

/s/ David R. Lukes

David R. Lukes

President and Chief Executive Officer

August 10, 2018

 

Exhibit 32.2

 

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

 

 

 

I, Matthew L. Ostrower, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Retail Value Inc. (the “Company”), certify, pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that, to the best of my knowledge:

 

(1) The Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of the Compa ny for the period ended June 30, 2018, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Report”), which this certification accompanies, fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

 

(2) The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company as of the dates and for the periods expressed in the Report.

 

 

 

 

/s/ Matthew L. Ostrower

Matthew L. Ostrower

Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

August 10, 2018