Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

June 30, 2021

1. Basis of Presentation

Our consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the holding company, Atlas Air Worldwide Holdings, Inc. (“AAWW”), and its consolidated subsidiaries.  AAWW is the parent company of Atlas Air, Inc. (“Atlas”) and Southern Air Holdings, Inc. (“Southern Air”).  AAWW is also the parent company of several subsidiaries related to our dry leasing services (collectively referred to as “Titan”).  AAWW has a 51% equity interest and 75% voting interest in Polar Air Cargo Worldwide, Inc. (“Polar”).  We record our share of Polar’s results under the equity method of accounting. Polar is a variable interest entity that we do not consolidate because we are not the primary beneficiary and we generally do not have any financial exposure to fund debt obligations or operating losses of Polar (see Note 4 for further discussion).  

The terms “we,” “us,” “our,” and the “Company” mean AAWW and all entities included in its consolidated financial statements.

We provide outsourced aircraft and aviation operating services throughout the world, serving Africa, Asia, Australia, Europe, the Middle East, North America and South America through: (i) aircraft operating service agreements, including those through which we provide aircraft to customers and value-added services, including crew, maintenance and insurance (“ACMI”), crew, maintenance and insurance, but not the aircraft (“CMI”) and cargo and passenger charter services (“Charter”); and (ii) dry leasing aircraft and engines (“Dry Leasing” or “Dry Lease”).

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements and related notes (the “Financial Statements”) have been prepared in accordance with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) requirements for quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, and consequently exclude certain disclosures normally included in audited consolidated financial statements prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”).  Intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated.  The Financial Statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and the notes included in the AAWW Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020, which includes additional disclosures and a summary of our significant accounting policies.  The December 31, 2020 balance sheet data was derived from that Annual Report. In our opinion, these Financial Statements include all adjustments, consisting of normal recurring items, considered necessary by management to fairly state the Company’s results of operations, financial position, and cash flows.

Our quarterly results are subject to seasonal and other fluctuations, including fluctuations resulting from the global COVID-19 pandemic (see Note 3 for further discussion), and the operating results for any quarter are therefore not necessarily indicative of results that may be otherwise expected for the entire year.

Certain reclassifications have been made to prior periods’ notes to the Financial Statements to conform to the current year’s presentation of segments (see Note 11 for further discussion). Except for per share data, all dollar amounts are in thousands unless otherwise noted.

2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Heavy Maintenance

Except as described in the paragraph below, we account for heavy maintenance costs for airframes and engines using the direct expense method. Under this method, heavy maintenance costs are charged to expense upon induction, based on our best estimate of the costs.

We account for heavy maintenance costs for airframes and engines used in our Dry Leasing segment and engines used on our 747-8F aircraft using the deferral method.  Under this method, we defer the expense recognition of scheduled heavy maintenance events, which are amortized over the estimated period until the next scheduled heavy maintenance event is required.  Amortization of deferred maintenance expense included in Depreciation and amortization was $12.3 million and $24.3 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, respectively.  Amortization of deferred maintenance expense was $10.3 million and $18.2 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, respectively.

Deferred maintenance included within Deferred costs and other assets is as follows:  

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Property and Equipment

Committed expenditures to acquire aircraft and spare engines are expected to be $134.5 million for the remainder of 2021 and $458.3 million in 2022.  These expenditures include our January 2021 agreement to purchase four 747-8F aircraft from The Boeing Company (“Boeing”) that are expected to be delivered from May through October 2022, spare engines, 747-400 freighter aircraft and 747-400 passenger aircraft (to be used for both replacement of older passenger aircraft in service as well as spare engines and parts). In July and August 2021, we acquired two of our existing 747-400 freighter aircraft, included in the amounts above, that were previously on lease to us.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted

In August 2020, the Financial Accounting Standards Board amended its accounting guidance for certain financial instruments with characteristics of liabilities and equity, including convertible debt instruments.  For convertible debt with a cash conversion feature, the amended guidance removes the current accounting model to separately account for the liability and equity components, which currently results in the amortization of a debt discount to interest expense.  Under this amended guidance, such convertible debt will be accounted for as a single debt instrument with no amortization of a debt discount to interest expense, unless certain other conditions are met.  The amended guidance also requires the use of the if-converted method when calculating the dilutive impact of convertible debt on earnings per share.  The amended guidance is effective as of the beginning of 2022.  The two permitted transition methods under the guidance are the full retrospective approach, under which the guidance is applied to all periods presented, or the modified retrospective approach, under which the guidance is applied only to the most current period presented.  We will adopt this amended guidance on its required effective date of January 1, 2022. While we are still assessing the impact the amended guidance will have on our financial statements, we expect the amount previously allocated to the equity component will be reclassified to debt. In addition, the amended guidance is expected to result in a material increase in net income and reduction in interest expense, as well as a material reduction in diluted earnings per share resulting from an increase in the number of shares included in the denominator.

3. COVID-19 Pandemic

COVID-19

In December 2019, COVID-19 was first reported in China and has since spread to most other regions of the world.  In March 2020, COVID-19 was determined to be a global pandemic by the World Health Organization.  Since this public health crisis began, it has disrupted global manufacturing, supply chains, passenger travel and consumer spending, resulting in a reduction in flights by some of our customers and lower U.S. Military Air Mobility Command (“AMC”) passenger flying as the military had taken precautionary measures to limit the movement of personnel.  Commercial charter cargo demand and yields, net of fuel, have increased as a result of the ongoing reduction of available cargo capacity provided by passenger airlines in the market and increased demand for transporting goods due to the COVID-19 pandemic.  We have incurred and expect to continue to incur significant additional costs, including premium pay for pilots operating in certain areas significantly impacted by COVID-19; other operational costs, including costs for continuing to provide a safe working environment for our employees; and higher crew costs related to increased pay rates we provided to our pilots beginning in May 2020.  In addition, the availability of hotels and restaurants, evolving COVID-19-related travel restrictions and health screenings, and a reduction in passenger flights by other airlines globally or airport closures have impacted and could further impact our ability to position employees to operate our aircraft.

To mitigate the impact of any COVID-19 pandemic disruptions, we have:

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Payroll Support Program under the CARES Act

As of May 29, 2020 (the “PSP Closing Date”), Atlas and Southern Air (the “PSP Recipients”) entered into a PSP Agreement with the U.S. Treasury.  As of the PSP Closing Date, AAWW also entered into a Warrant Agreement (the “Warrant Agreement”) with the U.S. Treasury, and AAWW issued a $199.8 million senior unsecured promissory note to the U.S. Treasury (the “Promissory Note”), with Atlas and Southern Air as guarantors.

In connection with the payroll support funding received in 2020 under the PSP Agreement, we issued warrants to the U.S. Treasury to acquire up to 625,452 shares of our common stock.  As of June 30, 2021, no portion of the warrants have been exercised.

We initially recognized deferred grant income within Accrued liabilities for the difference between the payroll support funding received in 2020 under the PSP Agreement and the amounts recorded for the Promissory Note and the Warrant Agreement.  Grant income has been subsequently recognized within Other (income) expense, net in the consolidated statement of operations on a pro-rata basis over the periods that the qualifying employee wages, salaries and benefits are paid.  The remaining $40.9 million of deferred grant income as of December 31, 2020 was recognized as grant income within Other (income) expense, net in the consolidated statement of operations during the three months ended March 31, 2021.  During the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, we recognized grant income of $20.2 million.

4. Related Parties

Polar

AAWW has a 51% equity interest and 75% voting interest in Polar.  DHL Network Operations (USA), Inc. (“DHL”), a subsidiary of Deutsche Post AG, holds a 49% equity interest and a 25% voting interest in Polar.  Polar is a variable interest entity that we do not consolidate because we are not the primary beneficiary as the risks associated with the direct costs of operation are with DHL.  Under a 20-year blocked space agreement, which began in 2008, Polar provides air cargo capacity to DHL.  Atlas has several agreements with Polar to provide ACMI, CMI, Dry Leasing, administrative, sales and ground support services to one another.  We do not have any financial exposure to fund debt obligations or operating losses of Polar, except for any liquidated damages that we could incur under these agreements.

The following table summarizes our transactions with Polar:

In addition to the amounts in the table above, Atlas recognized revenue from flying on behalf of Polar of $69.0 million and $123.1 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, respectively. Atlas recognized revenue from flying on behalf of Polar of $83.1 million and $110.5 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, respectively.

Dry Leasing Joint Venture

We hold a 10% interest in a joint venture with an unrelated third party, which we entered into in December 2019, to develop a diversified freighter aircraft dry leasing portfolio.  Through Titan, we provide aircraft and lease management services to the joint venture for fees based upon aircraft assets under management, among other things.  Our investment in the joint venture is accounted for under the equity method of accounting. Under the joint venture, we have a commitment to provide up to $40.0 million of capital contributions before December 2022, of which $5.3 million has been contributed as of June 30, 2021. Our maximum exposure to losses from the entity is limited to our investment. The joint venture has third-party debt obligations of $48.4 million that are not guaranteed by us.  

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The following table summarizes our transactions with our dry leasing joint venture:

Parts Joint Venture

We hold a 50% interest in a joint venture with an unrelated third party to purchase rotable parts and provide repair services for those parts, primarily for 747-8F aircraft.  The joint venture is a variable interest entity and we have not consolidated the joint venture because we are not the primary beneficiary as we do not exercise financial control.  Our investment in the joint venture is accounted for under the equity method of accounting and was $20.5 million as of June 30, 2021 and $21.0 million as of December 31, 2020. Our maximum exposure to losses from the entity is limited to our investment, which is composed primarily of rotable inventory parts. The joint venture does not have any third-party debt obligations. We had Accounts receivable from the joint venture of $0.2 million as of June 30, 2021 and $0.2 million as of December 31, 2020.  We had Accounts payable to the joint venture of $1.2 million as of June 30, 2021 and $0.9 million as of December 31, 2020.

5. Amazon

In May 2016, we entered into certain agreements with Amazon.com, Inc. and its subsidiary, Amazon Fulfillment Services, Inc., (collectively “Amazon”), which involve, among other things, CMI operation of up to 20 Boeing 767-300 freighter aircraft for Amazon by Atlas, as well as Dry Leasing by Titan.  The Dry Leases have a term of ten years from the commencement of each agreement, while the CMI operations are for seven years from the commencement of each agreement (with an option for Amazon to extend the term to ten years). As of June 30, 2021, 17 767-300 freighter aircraft were operating in CMI service and 19 767-300 freighters in Dry Lease service for Amazon.

In conjunction with the agreements entered into in May 2016, we granted Amazon a warrant providing the right to acquire up to 20% of our outstanding common shares, as of the date of the agreements, after giving effect to the issuance of shares pursuant to the warrants, at an exercise price of $37.34 per share, as adjusted (“Warrant A”).  All 7.5 million shares, as adjusted, have vested in full and been exercised in two transactions. In October 2020, Amazon exercised shares of Warrant A through a cashless exercise resulting in the issuance of 1,375,421 shares of our common stock. In January 2021, Amazon exercised the remaining shares of Warrant A through a cashless exercise resulting in the issuance of 1,210,741 shares of our common stock.  

The agreements entered into in May 2016 also provided incentives for future growth of the relationship as Amazon may increase its business with us.  In that regard, we granted Amazon a warrant to acquire up to an additional 10% of our outstanding common shares, as of the date of the agreements, after giving effect to the issuance of shares pursuant to the warrants, for an exercise price of $37.34 per share, as adjusted (“Warrant B”).  This warrant to purchase 3.77 million shares, as adjusted, will vest in increments of 37,660 shares, as adjusted, each time Amazon has paid $4.2 million of revenue to us, up to a total of $420.0 million, for incremental business beyond the original 20 767-300 freighters.  As of June 30, 2021, 715,540 shares, as adjusted, of Warrant B have vested.  Upon vesting, Warrant B becomes exercisable in accordance with its terms through May 2023. In January 2021, Amazon exercised shares of Warrant B through a cashless exercise resulting in the issuance of 69,709 shares of our common stock.

In March 2019, we amended the agreements entered into in 2016 with Amazon, pursuant to which we began providing CMI services using Boeing 737-800 freighter aircraft provided by Amazon.  The 737-800 CMI operations are for a term of seven years from the commencement of each agreement (with an option for Amazon to extend the term to ten years).  As of June 30, 2021, eight 737-800 freighter aircraft were operating in CMI service for Amazon.    

In connection with the amended agreements, we granted Amazon a warrant to acquire up to an additional 9.9% of our outstanding common shares, as of the date of the agreements, after giving effect to the issuance of shares pursuant to the warrants, for an exercise price of $52.67 per share, as adjusted (“Warrant C”).  After Warrant B has vested in full, this warrant to purchase 6.66 million shares, as adjusted, would vest in increments of 45,623 shares, as adjusted, each time Amazon has paid $6.9 million of revenue to us, up to a total of $1.0 billion, for incremental business beyond Warrant A and Warrant B.  As of June 30, 2021, no portion of Warrant C has vested.  Upon vesting, Warrant C would become exercisable in accordance with its terms through March 2026. While Amazon would be entitled to vote the shares it owns up to 14.9% of our outstanding common shares, in its discretion, it would be required to vote any shares it owns in excess of 14.9% of our outstanding common shares in accordance with the recommendation of our board of directors.  

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Upon the vesting of Warrant A in previous years, the fair value of the warrant was recognized as a customer incentive asset within Deferred costs and other assets, net and is amortized as a reduction of Operating Revenue in proportion to the amount of revenue recognized over the terms of the Dry Leases and CMI agreements.  When it becomes probable that an increment of either Warrant B or C will vest and the related revenue begins to be recognized, the grant date fair value of such portion is recognized as a customer incentive asset within Deferred costs and other assets, net and is amortized as a reduction of Operating Revenue in proportion to the amount of related revenue recognized.  The grant date fair value of such increment is also recorded as Additional paid-in-capital. At the time of vesting, any amounts recorded in Additional paid-in-capital related to Dry Lease contracts would be reclassified as a warrant liability within Financial instruments and other liabilities with changes in fair value recorded in Unrealized loss (gain) on financial instruments.

We amortized $11.4 million and $21.9 million of the customer incentive asset as a reduction of Operating Revenue for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, respectively. We amortized $9.5 million and $18.6 million of the customer incentive asset for the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, respectively.

Customer incentive asset included within Deferred costs and other assets is as follows:

We recognized an unrealized loss of $0.1 million on the Amazon warrant liability related to Warrant A during the six months ended June 30, 2021.  We recognized unrealized losses of $30.7 million and $29.7 million on the Amazon Warrant liability during the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, respectively.  The fair value of the Amazon warrant liability was zero as of June 30, 2021 and $31.5 million as of December 31, 2020. Due to the exercise of Warrant A discussed above, our earnings are no longer affected by changes in the fair value of our Amazon warrant liability.  

6. Supplemental Financial Information

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7. Assets Held For Sale and Other Income

  As of December 31, 2020, we had two 737-400 passenger aircraft previously used for training purposes and certain spare CF6-80 engines classified as held for sale. We received net proceeds of $1.9 million during the six months ended June 30, 2021 from the completion of the sales of some of the spare CF6-80 engines.  We estimated the fair value of these assets, less costs to sell, based on bids received from independent third parties or recently completed sales.  The carrying value of the assets held for sale was $12.3 million and $14.1 million as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively, which was included within Prepaid expense, assets held for sale and other current assets in the consolidated balance sheets. In August, 2021, we completed the sale of the two 737-400 passenger aircraft and some spare CF6-80 engines and received net proceeds of $5.6 million. Sales of the remaining engines are expected to be completed during 2021.

We recognized a refund of $4.6 million during the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 related to aircraft rent paid in previous years within Other (income) expense, net.  We recognized refunds of $31.5 million and $32.9 million during the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, respectively, related to aircraft rent paid in previous years within Other (income) expense, net.

8. Debt and Finance Leases

Term Loans

In March 2021, we borrowed $16.2 million at a fixed interest rate of 0.93% under an unsecured five-year term loan due in January 2026 for GEnx engine performance upgrade kits and overhauls.  The term loan is subject to customary fees, covenants and events of default, with principal and interest payable quarterly.

In June 2021, we borrowed $7.8 million at a fixed interest rate of 0.91% under an unsecured five-year term loan due in May 2026 for GEnx engine performance upgrade kits and overhauls.  The term loan is subject to customary fees, covenants and events of default, with principal and interest payable quarterly.

Finance Leases

In May and June 2021, we amended five operating leases for 747-400 freighter aircraft to acquire the aircraft at the end of the lease terms, from March to December 2022, resulting in additional commitments of $82.2 million and a change in classification to finance leases.

Convertible Notes

In May 2017, we issued $289.0 million aggregate principal amount of 1.88% convertible senior notes that mature on June 1, 2024 (the “2017 Convertible Notes”) in an underwritten public offering.  In June 2015, we issued $224.5 million aggregate principal amount of 2.25% convertible senior notes that mature on June 1, 2022 (the “2015 Convertible Notes”) in an underwritten public offering.  The 2017 Convertible Notes and the 2015 Convertible Notes (collectively, the “Convertible Notes”) are senior unsecured

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obligations and accrue interest payable semiannually on June 1 and December 1 of each year.  The Convertible Notes are due on their respective maturity dates, unless earlier converted or repurchased pursuant to their respective terms.

The Convertible Notes consisted of the following as of June 30, 2021:

The following table presents the amount of interest expense recognized related to the Convertible Notes:

Revolving Credit Facility