As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on September 8 , 2014

File No. 333-191940

File No. 811-22906

 

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

FORM N-1A

REGISTRATION STATEMENT

Under the SECURITIES ACT OF 1933 x
Pre-Effective Amendment No.   ¨
     
Post-Effective Amendment No. 4 x

and/or

REGISTRATION STATEMENT

Under the INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT OF 1940 x
     
Amendment No. 10 x

(Check appropriate box or boxes)

Virtus Alternative Solutions Trust

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Charter)

Area Code and Telephone Number: (800) 243-1574

 

101 Munson Street

Greenfield, Massachusetts 01301

(Address of Principal Executive Offices)

 

Jennifer Fromm, Esq.

Senior Counsel

Virtus Investment Partners, Inc.

100 Pearl St.

Hartford, Connecticut 06103

(Name and Address of Agent for Service)

 

Copies of All Correspondence to:

 

David C. Mahaffey, Esq.

Sullivan & Worcester LLP

1666 K Street, N.W.

Washington, D.C. 20006

 

 

 

It is proposed that this filing will become effective (check appropriate box):

x immediately upon filing pursuant to paragraph (b)

¨ on [date] pursuant to paragraph (b) of Rule 485

¨ 60 days after filing pursuant to paragraph (a)(1)

¨ on [date] or at such later date as the Commission shall order pursuant to paragraph (a)(2)

¨ 75 days after filing pursuant to paragraph (a)(2)

¨ on [date] pursuant to paragraph (a)(2) of Rule 485.

If appropriate, check the following box:

¨ this post-effective amendment designates a new effective date for a previously filed post-effective amendment.

Pursuant to the provisions of Rule 24f-2 under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, the Registrant declares that an indefinite number of its shares of common stock are being registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, by this registration statement.

 

 

 
 

This Post-Effective Amendment consists of the following:

 

1. Facing Sheet of the Registration Statement
2. Prospectus for Virtus Strategic Income Fund
3. Part B
4. Part C
5. Signature Page

 

This Post-Effective Amendment No. 4 is being filed for the sole purpose of completing the registration of the new fund named above.

 

Part A of Registrant’s Pre-Effective Amendment No. 6 to its registration statement filed on April 21, 2014, as supplemented, is incorporated by reference herein and this Post-Effective Amendment No. 4 is being filed for the sole purpose of completing the registration of shares of Virtus Strategic Income Fund.

 

 
 

 

 

 

 

  TICKER SYMBOL BY CLASS
FUND A C I
Virtus Strategic Income Fund VASBX VSBCX VISBX

 

TRUST NAME   DATE
VIRTUS ALTERNATIVE SOLUTIONS TRUST   September 8, 2014

 

The Securities and Exchange Commission, the Commodity Futures Trading Commission, and the state securities commissions have not approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense. This prospectus contains important information that you should know before investing in Virtus Alternative Solutions Funds. Please read it carefully and retain it for future reference. Not FDIC  Insured
No Bank  Guarantee
May Lose Value

 

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Virtus Strategic Income Fund

 

Table of Contents

 

FUND SUMMARY  
   
MORE INFORMATION ABOUT FUND EXPENSES 7
   
MORE INFORMATION ABOUT INVESTMENT OBJECTIVES AND PRINCIPAL INVESTMENT STRATEGIES 8
   
MORE INFORMATION ABOUT RISKS RELATED TO PRINCIPAL INVESTMENT STRATEGIES 11
   
MANAGEMENT OF THE FUND 15
   
ADDITIONAL INVESTMENT TECHNIQUES 17
   
PRICING OF FUND SHARES 19
   
SALES CHARGES 21
   
YOUR ACCOUNT 25
   
HOW TO BUY SHARES 26
   
HOW TO SELL SHARES 26
   
THINGS YOU SHOULD KNOW WHEN SELLING SHARES 27
   
ACCOUNT POLICIES 28
   
INVESTOR SERVICES AND OTHER INFORMATION 30
   
TAX STATUS OF DISTRIBUTIONS 31

 

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Virtus Strategic Income Fund

 

Investment Objective

The fund has an investment objective of seeking total return comprised of income and capital appreciation.

 

Fees and Expenses

The tables below illustrate the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy and hold shares of the fund. You may qualify for sales charge discounts if you and your family invest, or agree to invest in the future, at least $50,000 in Virtus Funds. More information about these and other discounts is available from your financial advisor and under “Sales Charges” on page 21 of the fund’s prospectus and “Alternative Purchase Arrangements” on page 94 of the fund’s statement of additional information.

 

Shareholder Fees (fees paid directly from your investment) Class A Class C Class I
Maximum Sales Charge (load) Imposed on Purchases (as a percentage of offering price) 3.75% None None
Maximum Deferred Sales Charge (load) (as a percentage of the lesser of purchase price or redemption proceeds) 0.50% (a) 1.00% (b) None

 

Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment) Class A Class C Class I
Management Fees 0.80 % 0.80 % 0.80 %
Distribution and Shareholder Servicing (12b-1) Fees 0.25 % 1.00 % None
Other Expenses (c) 1.06 % 1.06 % 1.06 %
Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses 0.01% 0.01% 0.01%
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses 2.12 % 2.87 % 1.87 %
Less: Expense Reimbursement (d) (0.71) % (0.71) % (0.71) %
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses 1.41 % 2.16 % 1.16 %

 

(a) A contingent deferred sales charge may be imposed on certain redemptions (i) within 18 months on exchanges from a Virtus non-money market fund into a Virtus money market fund and (ii) purchases on which a finder’s fee has been paid.

 

(b) The deferred sales charge is imposed on Class C Shares redeemed during the first year only.

 

(c) Estimated for current fiscal year, as annualized.

 

(d) The fund’s investment adviser has contractually agreed to limit the fund’s total operating expenses (excluding dividend and interest expenses, taxes, brokerage commissions, extraordinary expenses and acquired fund fees and expenses) so that such expenses do not exceed 1.40 % for Class A Shares, 2.15 % for Class C Shares and 1.15 % for Class I Shares through February 29, 2016 . Following the contractual period, the adviser may discontinue these expense reimbursement arrangements at any time. Under certain conditions, the adviser may recapture operating expenses reimbursed under these arrangements for a period of three years following the fiscal year in which such reimbursement occurred.

 

Example

 

This example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds. The example assumes an investment of $10,000 in the fund for the time periods indicated. It shows your costs if you sold your shares at the end of the period or continued to hold them. The example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the fund’s operating expenses remain the same. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:

 

  Share Status 1 Year 3 Years
Class A Sold or Held $ 513 $ 948
Class C Sold $ 319 $ 822
  Held $ 219 $ 822
Class I Sold or Held $ 118 $ 519

 

Portfolio Turnover

 

The fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when fund shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in annual fund operating expenses or in the example, affect the fund’s performance.

 

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Investments, Risks and Performance

 

Principal Investment Strategies

 

The fund seeks to generate total return comprised of income and capital appreciation by applying extensive credit research and a time-tested approach designed to capitalize on opportunities across undervalued sectors of the bond market. The fund seeks diversification among 14 sectors in an effort to increase return potential and reduce risk.

 

The fund invests in a broadly diversified portfolio of principally debt securities of various types of issuers. The fund seeks to achieve its objective by identifying undervalued opportunities throughout the investment universe in any interest rate or market environment. The fund is designed to adapt to diverse interest rate and credit conditions by investing across the entire bond market, without duration, sector, quality or geographic limitations, including:

 

· Securities issued or guaranteed as to principal and interest by the U.S. Government, its agencies, authorities or instrumentalities, including collateralized mortgage obligations (“ CMOs ”) , real estate mortgage investment conduits (“ REMICs ”), and other pass-through securities;

 

· Debt securities issued by foreign issuers, including foreign governments and their political subdivisions and issuers located in emerging markets countries;

 

· Investment grade securities of U.S and non-U.S. issuers;

 

· High-yield/high-risk debt instruments (so-called junk bonds) , including bank loans (which are generally floating rate), of U.S. and non-U.S. issuers;

 

· Convertible securities, preferred and hybrid securities;

 

· Cash and short-term investments.

 

The fund may invest in all or some of these sectors and may invest in securities of any maturity .

 

The fund also intends to purchase and/or sell derivative instruments, such as currency forwards, futures, options and credit default swaps, which may be used to gain exposure to sectors and issuers, and manage portfolio duration and risk. The portfolio managers have full duration flexibility with the ability to shift duration shorter or longer depending on their view of the market.

 

The fund may invest in exchange traded funds (ETFs) in order to gain exposure to particular markets or asset classes. The fund may implement short positions and may do so using swaps or futures, or through short sales of any investment that the fund may purchase for investment. Generally, the fund will engage in short sales with respect to not greater than 30% of its assets.

 

Principal Risks

 

The fund may not achieve its objectives, and it is not intended to be a complete investment program. The value of the fund’s investments that supports your share value may decrease. If between the time you purchase shares and the time you sell shares the value of the fund’s investments decreases, you will lose money. Investment values can decrease for a number of reasons. Conditions affecting the overall economy, specific industries or companies in which the fund invests can be worse than expected, and investments may fail to perform as the subadvisers expect. As a result, the value of your shares may decrease. Purchase and redemption activities by fund shareholders may impact the management of the fund and its ability to achieve its investment objective(s). The redemption by one or more large shareholders or groups of shareholders of their holdings in the fund could have an adverse impact on the remaining shareholders in the fund including by accelerating the realization of capital gains and increasing the fund's transaction costs. The principal risks of investing in the fund are:

 

> Convertible Securities Risk. The risk that a convertible security held by the fund will be called for redemption at a time and/or price unfavorable to the fund.

 

> Credit Risk. The risk that the issuer of a security will fail to pay interest or principal in a timely manner, or that negative perceptions of the issuer’s ability to make such payments will cause the price of the security to decline.

 

> Derivatives Risk. The risk that the fund will incur a loss greater than the fund’s investment in, or will experience greater share price volatility as a result of investing in, a derivative contract. Derivatives may include, among other things, futures, options, forwards and swap agreements and may be used in order to hedge portfolio risks, create leverage or attempt to increase yield.

 

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> Emerging Market Investing Risk. The risk that prices of emerging markets securities will be more volatile, or will be more greatly affected by negative conditions, than those of their counterparts in more established foreign markets.

 

> Exchange-Traded Funds (ETFs) Risk. The risk that the value of an ETF will be more volatile than the underlying portfolio of securities the ETF is designed to track, or that the costs to the fund of owning shares of the ETF will exceed those the fund would incur by investing in such securities directly.

 

> Foreign Currency Transactions Risk. The risk that the fund’s transactions designed to hedge the fund’s exposure to foreign currency risks are not successful or have the effect of limiting gains from favorable market movements.

 

> Foreign Investing Risk. The risk that the prices of foreign securities in the fund’s portfolio will be more volatile than those of domestic securities, or will be negatively affected by currency fluctuations or economic, political or other developments.

 

> High-Yield/High-Risk Fixed Income Securities (Junk Bonds) Risk. The risk that the issuers of high-yield/high-risk securities in the fund’s portfolio will default, that the prices of such securities will be volatile, and that the securities will not be liquid.

 

> Income Risk. The risk that income received from the fund will vary widely over the short- and long-term.

 

> Interest Rate Risk. The risk that when interest rates rise, the values of the fund’s debt securities, especially those with longer maturities, will fall.

 

> Leverage Risk. The risk that the value of the fund’s shares will be more volatile or that the fund will incur a loss greater than the fund’s investment in a given security when leverage is used.

 

> Loan Participation Risk. The risk that there may not be a readily available market for loan participation interests and, in some cases, the fund may have to dispose of such securities at a substantial discount from face value. Loan participations also involve the credit risk associated with the underlying corporate borrower.

 

> Long-Term Maturities/Durations Risk. The risk of greater price fluctuations than would be associated with securities having shorter maturities or durations.

 

> Market Volatility Risk. The risk that the value of the securities in which the fund invests may go up or down in response to the prospects of individual companies and/or general economic conditions. Price changes may be temporary or may last for extended periods.

 

> Mortgage-Backed and Asset-Backed Securities Risk. The risk that changes in interest rates will cause both extension and prepayment risks for mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities in which the fund invests, or that an impairment of the value of collateral underlying such securities, will cause the value of the securities to decrease.

 

> New Fund Risk. The risk that the fund may not grow to an economically viable size, in which case the fund may cease operations and investors may be required to liquidate or transfer their investments at an inopportune time.

 

> Preferred Stocks Risk. The risk that a preferred stock will decline in price, fail to pay dividends when expected, or be illiquid.

 

> Short Sales Risk. The risk that the fund will experience a loss if the price of a borrowed security increases between the date of the short sale and the date on which the fund replaces the security.

 

> Short-Term Investments Risk. The risk that the fund’s short-term investments will not provide the liquidity or protection intended or will prevent the fund from experiencing positive movements in the fund’s principal investment strategies.

 

> U.S. Government Securities Risk. The risk that U.S. Government securities in the fund’s portfolio will be subject to price fluctuations, or that an agency or instrumentality will default on an obligation not backed by the full faith and credit of the United States.

 

Performance Information

 

The fund has not had a full calendar year of operations; therefore, performance information is not shown here.

 

Management

 

The fund’s investment adviser is Virtus Alternative Investment Advisers, Inc. (“VAIA”).

 

The fund’s subadviser is Newfleet Asset Management, LLC (“Newfleet”), an affiliate of VAIA.

 

Portfolio Management

 

> David L. Albrycht, CFA, President and Chief Investment Officer at Newfleet, is a manager of the fund. Mr. Albrycht has served as a Portfolio Manager of the fund since inception in September 2014 .

 

> Francesco Ossino, Senior Managing Director at Newfleet, is a manager of the fund. Mr. Ossino has served as a Portfolio Manager of the fund since inception in September 2014 .

 

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> Jonathan R. Stanley, CFA, Director of Fixed Income Research at Newfleet, is a manager of the fund. Mr. Stanley has served as a Portfolio Manager of the fund since inception in September 2014 .

 

Purchase and Sale of Fund Shares

 

Minimum initial investments applicable to Class A and Class C Shares:

· $2,500, generally
· $100 for Individual Retirement Accounts (IRAs), systematic purchase or exchange accounts
· No minimum for defined contribution plans, asset-based fee programs, profit-sharing plans or employee benefit plans

 

Minimum additional investments applicable to Class A and Class C Shares:

· $100, generally
· No minimum for defined contribution plans, asset-based fee programs, profit-sharing plans or employee benefit plans.  

 

For Class I Shares, the minimum initial purchase is $100,000; there is no minimum for additional purchases.

 

In general, you may buy or sell shares of the fund by mail or telephone on any business day. You also may buy and sell shares through a financial advisor.

 

Taxes

 

The fund’s distributions are taxable to you as either ordinary income or capital gains, except when your investment is through a tax-deferred arrangement, such as a 401(k) plan or an individual retirement account. Such tax-deferred arrangements may be taxed later upon withdrawal of monies from those arrangements.

 

Payments to Broker-Dealers and Other Financial Intermediaries

 

If you purchase the fund through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank), the fund and its related companies may pay the intermediary for the sale of fund shares and related services. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the broker-dealer or other intermediary and your financial advisor to recommend the fund over another investment. Ask your financial advisor or visit your financial intermediary’s Web site for more information.

 

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More Information About Fund Expenses

 

VAIA has contractually agreed to limit the total operating expenses (excluding dividend and interest expenses, taxes, leverage expenses, brokerage commissions, extraordinary expenses and acquired fund fees and expenses, if any) of the fund so that such expenses do not exceed, on an annualized basis, the amounts indicated in the following table.

 

Class A
Shares
Class C
Shares
Class I
Shares

Through

Date

1.40 % 2.15 % 1.15 % February 29, 2016

 

Following the contractual period, VAIA may discontinue these arrangements at any time. Under certain conditions, VAIA may recapture operating expenses waived or reimbursed under these expense limitation arrangements for a period of three years following the end of the fiscal period in which such waiver or reimbursement occurred, provided that the recapture does not cause the fund to exceed the expense limit in effect at the time of the waiver or reimbursement .

 

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More Information About Investment Objectives and Principal Investment Strategies

 

The investment objectives and principal strategies of the fund are described in this section. The fund has a non-fundamental investment objective. A non-fundamental investment objective may be changed by the Board of Trustees without shareholder approval. If the fund’s investment objective is changed, the prospectus will be supplemented to reflect the new investment objective. To the extent that there is a material change in the fund’s investment objective, shareholders will be provided with reasonable notice. There is no guarantee that the fund will achieve its objective.

 

Please see the statement of additional information (“SAI”) for additional information about the securities and investment strategies described in this prospectus and about additional securities and investment strategies that may be used by the fund.

 

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Virtus Strategic Income Fund

 

Non-Fundamental Investment Objectives:

 

The fund has an investment objective of seeking total return comprised of income and capital appreciation.

 

Principal Investment Strategies:

 

The fund invests in a broadly diversified portfolio of principally debt securities of various types of issuers. The fund seeks to achieve its objective by identifying undervalued opportunities throughout the investment universe in any interest rate or market environment. The fund is designed to adapt to diverse interest rate and credit conditions by investing across the entire bond market without duration, sector, quality or geographic limitations, including:

 

· Securities issued or guaranteed as to principal and interest by the U.S. Government, its agencies, authorities or instrumentalities, including CMOs, REMICs and other pass-through securities;

 

· Debt securities issued by foreign issuers, including foreign governments and their political subdivisions and issuers located in emerging markets countries;

 

· Investment grade securities, which are securities with credit ratings within the four highest rating categories of a nationally recognized statistical rating organization, or if unrated, those that the subadviser determines, pursuant to procedures reviewed and approved by the Board of Trustees, are of comparable quality, including short-term securities, of U.S. and non-U.S. issuers;

 

· High-yield /high-risk debt instruments (so-called junk bonds) , including bank loans (which are generally floating rate), of U.S. and non-U.S. issuers;

 

· Convertible securities, preferred and hybrid securities;

 

· Cash and short term investments.

 

The fund may invest in all or some of the above sectors and may invest in securities of any maturity. The portfolio managers have full duration flexibility with the ability to shift duration shorter or longer depending on their view of the market. If, after the time of investment, the rating of a security declines, the fund is not obligated to sell the security.

 

The fund also intends to purchase and/or sell derivative instruments for both investment and hedging purposes, including to gain exposure to sectors and issuers as well as to manage portfolio duration and risk. Derivatives are instruments that have a value based on another instrument, exchange rate, interest rate or index. The fund’s investments in derivatives may include foreign currency exchange contracts, futures contracts (including interest rate futures and Treasury and sovereign bond futures), options (including options on futures contracts, swaps, bonds, stocks and indexes), swaps (including credit default, index, basis, total return, volatility and currency swaps), and other forward contracts. The fund may use derivatives instead of buying and selling bonds to manage duration, to gain exposure to or to short individual securities, or to gain exposure to or to short a credit or asset backed index.

 

Portfolio construction is accomplished by using a sector rotation approach. The subadviser seeks to adjust the proportion of fund investments in the sectors described above and the selections within sectors to obtain higher relative returns. Sectors are analyzed by the subadviser for attractive valuations. Securities within sectors are selected based on general economic and financial conditions, and the issuer’s business, management, cash, assets, earnings and stability. Securities selected for investment are those that the subadviser believes offer the best potential for total return based on risk-reward tradeoff.

 

The fund may invest in exchange traded funds (ETFs) in order to gain exposure to particular markets or asset classes.

 

 

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The subadviser has the ability to actively manage the interest rate risk of the portfolio, as measured by duration, by utilizing futures and other derivatives based on its view of the current interest rate environment. In certain market conditions, the duration of the fund may be negative. Duration measures the interest rate sensitivity of a fixed income security by assessing and weighting the present value of the security’s payment pattern. Generally the longer the maturity the greater the duration and, therefore, the greater effect interest rate changes have on the price of the security.

 

The fund may implement short positions and may do so by using swaps or futures, or through short sales of any instrument that the fund may purchase for investment. For example, the fund may enter into a futures contract pursuant to which it agrees to sell an asset (that it does not currently own) at a specified price at a specified point in the future. This gives the fund a short position with respect to that asset. The fund will benefit to the extent the asset decreases in value (and will be harmed to the extent the asset increases in value) between the time it enters into the futures contract and the agreed date of sale. Alternatively, the fund may sell an instrument (e.g., a bond, or a futures contract) it does not own in anticipation of a decline in the market value of the instrument, and then borrow the instrument to make delivery to the buyer. In these transactions, the Fund is obligated to replace the instrument borrowed by purchasing it at the market price at the time of replacement. Generally, the fund will engage in short sales with respect to not more than 30% of its assets.

 

The fund may invest in convertible securities and preferred securities that the portfolio management team believe produce income or generate return.

 

The Exchange Traded Funds (ETFs) in which the fund invests are registered investment companies that seek to track the performance of a fixed income (including loans) market index or security. These indexes include not only broad-based market indexes, but more specific indexes, including those relating to particular sectors, markets, regions or industries. Ordinarily, the fund must limit its investments in any single ETF to 5% of its total assets and in all ETFs and other investment companies to 10% of its total assets. However, the SEC has issued exemptive orders to many ETFs that allow any fund investing in such ETFs to disregard these 5% and 10% limitations. If the fund invests in ETFs that have received such exemptive orders, it may invest any amount of its total assets in a single ETF or in multiple ETFs, although ordinarily the fund will limit its investments to no more than 10% of its total assets in a single ETF.

 

The term “strategic” in the fund’s name means that the fund seeks both current income and capital appreciation as elements of total return.

 

Temporary Defensive Strategy : During periods of extreme market fluctuations, the subadviser, at its discretion, may take temporary defensive positions that are inconsistent with its principal investment strategies by investing part or all of the fund’s assets in cash or cash equivalents. When this allocation happens, the fund may not achieve its investment objective .

 

Please see “More Information About Risks Related to Principal Investment Strategies” for information about the risks of investing in the fund. Please refer to “Additional Investment Techniques” for other investment techniques of the fund.

 

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More Information About Risks Related to Principal Investment Strategies

 

The fund may not achieve its objective, and is not intended to be a complete investment program.

 

Generally, the value of the fund’s investments that supports your share value may decrease. If between the time you purchase shares and the time you sell shares the value of the fund’s investments decreases, you will lose money.

 

Investment values can decrease for a number of reasons. Conditions affecting the overall economy, specific industries or companies in which the fund invests can be worse than expected and investments may fail to perform as the adviser or a subadviser expects. As a result, the value of your shares may decrease.

 

Specific risks of investing in the funds are identified and described in detail below.

 

Convertible Securities

 

Convertible securities are bonds, debentures, notes, preferred stock, rights, warrants or other securities that may be converted into or exchanged for a prescribed amount of common stock or other security of the same or a different issuer or into cash within a particular period of time at a specified price or formula. A convertible security generally entitles the holder to receive interest paid or accrued on debt securities or the dividend paid on preferred stock until the convertible security matures or is redeemed, converted or exchanged. If a convertible security is called for redemption, the respective fund may have to redeem the security, convert it into common stock or sell it to a third party at a price and time that is not beneficial for the fund. The value of convertible securities tends to decline as interest rates rise and, because of the conversion feature, tends to vary with fluctuations in the market value of the underlying securities. Securities convertible into common stocks may have higher yields than common stocks but lower yields than comparable nonconvertible securities.

 

Debt Securities Risks

 

Debt securities are subject to various risks, the most prominent of which are credit risk and interest rate risk. These risks can affect a security’s price volatility to varying degrees, depending upon the nature of the instrument. Risks associated with investing in debt securities include the following:

 

· Call Risk. There is a risk that issuers will prepay fixed rate obligations when interest rates fall. A fund holding callable securities therefore may be forced to reinvest in obligations with lower interest rates than the original obligations and otherwise may not benefit fully from the increase in value that other fixed income securities experience when rates decline.

 

· Credit Risk. There is a risk that the issuer of a security will fail to pay interest or principal in a timely manner, or that negative perceptions of the issuer’s ability to make such payments will cause the price of the security to decline. Debt securities rated below investment-grade are especially susceptible to this risk.

 

· Interest Rate Risk. The values of debt securities usually rise and fall in response to changes in interest rates. Declining interest rates generally increase the value of existing debt instruments, and rising interest rates generally decrease the value of existing debt instruments. Changes in a debt instrument’s value usually will not affect the amount of interest income paid to the fund, but will affect the value of the fund’s shares. Interest rate risk is generally greater for investments with longer maturities. Certain securities pay interest at variable or floating rates. Variable rate securities reset at specified intervals, while floating rate securities reset whenever there is a change in a specified index rate. In most cases, these reset provisions reduce the effect of changes in market interest rates on the value of the security. However, some securities do not track the underlying index directly, but reset based on formulas that can produce an effect similar to leveraging; others may also provide for interest payments that vary inversely with market rates. The market prices of these securities may fluctuate significantly when interest rates change.

 

Some investments give the issuer the option to call or redeem an investment before its maturity date. If an issuer calls or redeems an investment during a time of declining interest rates, the fund might have to reinvest the proceeds in an investment offering a lower yield, and therefore it might not benefit from any increase in value as a result of declining interest rates.

 

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· Long-Term Maturities Duration Risk. Fixed income securities with longer maturities or durations may be subject to greater price fluctuations due to interest rate, tax law, and general market changes than securities with shorter maturities or durations.

 

Derivatives Risk

 

Derivative transactions are contracts whose value is derived from the value of an underlying asset, index or rate, including futures, options, non-deliverable forwards, forward foreign currency exchange contracts and swap agreements. The fund may use derivatives to hedge against factors that affect the value of its investments, such as interest rates and foreign currency exchange rates. The fund may also utilize derivatives as part of its overall investment technique to gain or lessen exposure to various securities, markets and currencies.

 

Derivatives typically involve greater risks than traditional investments. It is generally more difficult to ascertain the risk of, and to properly value, derivative contracts. The prices of derivatives may move in unexpected ways, especially in abnormal market conditions. Derivatives are usually less liquid than traditional securities and are subject to counterparty risk (the risk that the other party to the contract will default or otherwise not be able to perform its contractual obligations). In addition, some derivatives transactions may involve potentially unlimited losses. Derivative contracts entered into for hedging purposes may also subject the fund to losses if the contracts do not correlate with the assets, indexes or rates they were designed to hedge. Gains and losses derived from hedging transactions are, therefore, more dependent upon the subadviser’s ability to correctly predict the movement of the underlying asset prices, indexes or rates. There are special tax rules applicable to certain types of derivatives, which could affect the amount, timing and character of the fund’s income or loss and hence of its distributions to shareholders by causing holding period adjustments, converting short-term capital losses into long-term capital losses, and accelerating the fund’s income or deferring its losses. The fund’s use of derivatives may also increase the amount of taxes payable by shareholders or the resources required by the fund or its adviser to comply with particular regulatory requirements.

 

Exchange-Traded Funds (ETFs) Risk

 

ETFs invest in a portfolio of securities designed to track a particular market segment or index. The risks associated with investing in ETFs generally reflect the risks of owning shares of the underlying securities the ETF is designed to track, although lack of liquidity in an ETF could result in its value being more volatile than the underlying portfolio of securities. Assets invested in ETFs incur a layering of expenses, including operating costs and advisory fees that fund shareholders indirectly bear; such expenses may exceed the expenses the fund would incur if it invested directly in the underlying portfolio of securities the ETF is designed to track. Shares of ETFs trade on a securities exchange and may trade at, above, or below their net asset value.

 

Foreign Investing Risks

 

Investing in securities of non-U.S. companies involves special risks and considerations not typically associated with investing in U.S. companies, and the values of non-U.S. securities may be more volatile than those of U.S. securities. The values of non-U.S. securities are subject to economic and political developments in countries and regions where the issuers operate or are domiciled, or where the securities are traded, such as changes in economic or monetary policies, and to changes in currency exchange rates. Values may also be affected by restrictions on receiving the investment proceeds from a non-U.S. country.

 

In general, less information is publicly available about non-U.S. companies than about U.S. companies. Non-U.S. companies are generally not subject to the same accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards as are U.S. companies. Certain foreign issuers classified as passive foreign investment companies may be subject to additional taxation risk.

 

· Currency Rate Risk. Because the foreign securities in which the fund invests generally trade in currencies other than the U.S. dollar, changes in currency exchange rates will affect the fund’s net asset value, the value of dividends and interest earned, and gains and losses realized on the sale of securities. Because the value of the fund’s shares is calculated in U.S. dollars, it is possible for the fund to lose money by investing in a foreign security if the local currency of a foreign market depreciates against the U.S. dollar, even if the local currency value of the fund’s holdings goes up. Generally, a strong U.S. dollar relative to such other currencies will adversely affect the value of the fund’s holdings in foreign securities.

 

· Emerging Market Investing Risk. The risks of foreign investments are generally greater in countries whose markets are still developing than they are in more developed markets. Emerging market countries typically have economic and political systems that are less fully developed, and can be expected to be less stable than those of more developed countries. For example, the economies or such countries can be subject to rapid and unpredictable rates of inflation or deflation. Since these markets are often small, they may be more likely to suffer sharp and frequent price changes or long-term price depression because of adverse publicity, investor perceptions or the actions of a few large investors. They may also have policies that restrict investment by foreigners, or that prevent foreign investors from withdrawing their money at will. Certain emerging markets may also face other significant internal or external risks, including the risk of war and civil unrest. For all of these reasons, investments in emerging markets may be considered speculative.

 

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To the extent that the fund invests a significant portion of its assets in a particular emerging market, the fund will be more vulnerable to financial, economic, political and other developments in that country, and conditions that negatively impact that country will have a greater impact on the fund as compared with a fund that does not have its holdings concentrated in a particular country.

 

· Foreign Currency Transactions Risk. The fund may engage in foreign currency transactions, including foreign currency forward contracts, options, swaps and other similar strategic transactions in connection with its investments in securities of non-U.S. companies. These transactions are designed to hedge the fund’s exposure to foreign currency risks; however, such investments may not prove successful or may have the effect of limiting gains from favorable market movements.

 

High-Yield/High-Risk Fixed Income Securities (Junk Bonds) Risk.

 

Securities rated “BB” or below by S&P or Fitch, or “Ba” or below by Moody’s, may be known as “high yield” securities and commonly referred to as “junk bonds”. The high est of the ratings among S&P, Fitch and Moody’s is used to determine the security’s classification. Such securities entail greater price volatility and credit and interest rate risk than investment - grade securities. Analysis of the creditworthiness of high-yield/high-risk issuers is more complex than for higher-rated securities, making it more difficult for the fund’s subadviser to accurately predict risk. There is a greater risk with high-yield/high-risk fixed income securities that an issuer will not be able to make principal and interest payments when due. If the fund pursues missed payments, there is a risk that fund expenses could increase. In addition, lower-rated securities may not trade as often and may be less liquid than higher-rated securities, especially during periods of economic uncertainty or change. As a result of all of these factors, these bonds are generally considered to be speculative.

 

Income Risk

 

The income shareholders receive from a fund is based primarily on the dividends and interest the fund earns from its investments, which can vary widely over the short- and long-term. If prevailing market interest rates drop, distribution rates of the fund’s preferred stock holdings and any bond holdings could drop as well. The fund’s income also would likely be affected adversely when prevailing short-term interest rates increase.

 

Leverage Risk

 

When the fund makes investments in futures contracts, forward contracts, swaps and other derivative instruments, the futures contracts, forward contracts, swaps and certain other derivatives provide the economic effect of financial leverage by creating additional investment exposure, as well as the potential for greater loss. When the fund uses leverage through activities such as borrowing, entering into short sales, purchasing securities on margin or on a when-issued basis, or purchasing derivative instruments in an effort to increase its returns, the fund has the risk of magnified capital losses that occur when losses affect an asset base, enlarged by borrowings or the creation of liabilities, that exceeds the net assets of the fund. The value of the shares of a fund employing leverage will be more volatile and sensitive to market movements. Leverage may also involve the creation of a liability that requires the fund to pay interest.

 

Loan Participation Risk

 

A loan participation agreement involves the purchase of a share of a loan made by a bank to a company in return for a corresponding share of the borrower’s principal and interest payments. The principal risk associated with acquiring loan participation interests is the credit risk associated with the underlying corporate borrower. There is also a risk that there may not be a readily available market for loan participation interests and, in some cases, this could result in a fund disposing of such securities at a substantial discount from face value or holding such securities until maturity.

 

Market Volatility Risk

 

The value of the securities in which the fund invests may go up or down in response to the prospects of individual companies and/or general economic conditions. Price changes may be temporary or may last for extended periods.

 

Instability in the financial markets has exposed each fund to greater market and liquidity risk and potential difficulty in valuing portfolio instruments that it holds. In response to financial markets that experienced extreme volatility, and in some cases a lack of liquidity, the U.S. Government has taken a number of unprecedented actions, including acquiring distressed assets from financial institutions and acquiring ownership interests in those institutions. The implications of government ownership and disposition of these assets are unclear. Additional legislation or government regulation may also change the way in which funds themselves are regulated, which could limit or preclude the fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective.

 

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Mortgage-Backed and Asset-Backed Securities Risk

 

Mortgage-backed securities represent interests in pools of residential mortgage loans purchased from individual lenders by a federal agency or originated and issued by private lenders. Asset-backed securities represent interests in pools of underlying assets such as motor vehicle installment sales or installment loan contracts, leases of various types of real and personal property, and receivables from credit card agreements. These two types of securities share many of the same risks.

 

The impairment of the value of collateral or other assets underlying a mortgage-backed or asset-backed security, such as that resulting from non-payment of loans, may result in a reduction in the value of such security and losses to the fund.

 

Early payoffs in the loans underlying such securities may result in the fund receiving less income than originally anticipated. The variability in prepayments will tend to limit price gains when interest rates drop and exaggerate price declines when interest rates rise. In the event of high prepayments, the fund may be required to invest proceeds at lower interest rates, causing the fund to earn less than if the prepayments had not occurred. Conversely, rising interest rates may cause prepayments to occur at a slower than expected rate, which may effectively change a security that was considered short- or intermediate-term into a long-term security. Long-term securities tend to fluctuate in value more widely in response to changes in interest rates than shorter-term securities.

 

New Fund Risk

 

The fund is a new fund which may result in additional risk. There can be no assurance that the fund will grow to an economically viable size, in which case the fund may cease operations. In such an event, investors may be required to liquidate or transfer their investments at an inopportune time. You should consider your own investment goals, time horizon and risk tolerance before investing in the fund.

 

Preferred Stocks Risk

 

Preferred stocks may provide a higher dividend rate than the interest yield on debt securities of the same issuer, but are subject to greater risk of fluctuation in market value and greater risk of non-receipt of income. Unlike interest on debt securities, dividends on preferred stocks must be declared by the issuer’s board of directors before becoming payable. Preferred stocks are in many ways like perpetual debt securities, providing a stream of income but without stated maturity date. Because they often lack a fixed maturity or redemption date, preferred stocks are likely to fluctuate substantially in price when interest rates change. Such fluctuations generally are comparable to or exceed those of long-term government or corporate bonds (those with maturities of fifteen to thirty years). Preferred stocks have claims on assets and earnings of the issuer which are subordinate to the claims of all creditors but senior to the claims of common stockholders. A preferred stock rating differs from a bond rating because it applies to an equity issue which is intrinsically different from, and subordinated to, a debt issue. Preferred stock ratings generally represent an assessment of the capacity and willingness of an issuer to pay preferred stock dividends and any applicable sinking fund obligations. Preferred stock also may be subject to optional or mandatory redemption provisions, and may be significantly less liquid than many other securities, such as U.S. Government securities, corporate debt or common stock.

 

Short Sales Risk

 

The fund may engage in short sales, which are transactions in which the fund sells a security that it does not own (or that it owns but does not intend to deliver) in anticipation that the price of the security will decline. In order to establish a short position in a security, the fund must first borrow the security from a broker or other institution to complete the sale. The fund may not always be able to borrow a security, or to close out a short position at a particular time or at an acceptable price. If the price of the borrowed security increases between the date of the short sale and the date on which the fund acquires the security, the fund may experience a loss. The fund’s loss on a short sale is limited only by the maximum attainable price of the security (which could be limitless) less the price the fund paid for the security at the time it was borrowed.

 

Short-Term Investments Risk

 

Short-term investments include money market instruments, repurchase agreements, certificates of deposit and bankers’ acceptances and other short-term instruments that are not U.S. Government securities. These securities generally present less risk than many other investments, but they are generally subject to credit risk and may be subject to other risks as well.

 

U.S. Government Securities Risk

 

Obligations issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Government, its agencies, authorities and instrumentalities and backed by the full faith and credit of the United States only guarantee principal and interest will be timely paid to holders of the securities. The entities do not guarantee that the value of fund shares will increase, and in fact the market values of such obligations may fluctuate. In addition, not all U.S. Government securities are backed by the full faith and credit of the United States; some are the obligation solely of the entity through which they are issued. There is no guarantee that the U.S. Government would provide financial support to its agencies and instrumentalities if not required to do so by law.

 

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Management of the Fund

 

The Adviser

 

Virtus Alternative Investment Advisers, Inc. (“VAIA”) is the investment adviser to the fund and is located at 100 Pearl Street, Hartford, CT 06103. VAIA, an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of Virtus Investment Partners, Inc., a publicly traded multi-manager asset management business, has been inactive for several years and has recently been reactivated. VAIA acts as the investment adviser for open-end funds totaling $ 599.3 m illion in assets under management as of June 30, 2014.

 

Subject to the direction of the fund’s Board of Trustees, VAIA is responsible for managing the fund’s investment programs and for the general operations of the fund, including oversight of the fund’s subadviser, and recommending their hiring, termination and replacement.

 

As of the date of this prospectus, VAIA has appointed and oversees the activities of the subadviser for the fund. The subadviser manages the investments of the fund to conform with its investment policies as described in this prospectus.

 

Management Fees

 

The fund pays VAIA an investment management fee that is accrued daily against the value of the fund’s average daily Managed Assets at the annual rates shown in the table below. “Managed Assets” means the total assets of the fund, including any assets attributable to borrowings, minus the fund’s accrued liabilities other than such borrowings. (As of the date of this prospectus, the fund does not intend to engage in borrowing.)

 

Advisory Fee
First $ 5 billion Over $ 5 billion
0.80 % 0.75 %

 

The Subadviser

 

Newfleet, an affiliate of VIA, is located at 100 Pearl Street, Hartford, CT 06103. Newfleet acts as subadviser to mutual funds and as adviser to institutions and individuals. As of June 30, 2014, Newfleet had approximately $12.8 billion in assets under management. Newfleet has been an investment adviser since 1989.

 

VAIA pays Newfleet a subadvisory fee at the rate of 50% of the net investment management fee.

 

A discussion regarding the basis for the Board of Trustees approving the investment advisory and subadvisory agreements for the fund is expected to be available in the fund’s annual report covering the period from inception through October 31, 2014.

 

The fund and VAIA have obtained an exemptive order from the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) that permits VAIA, subject to certain conditions and without the approval of shareholders to: (a) select both unaffiliated subadvisers and certain wholly-owned affiliated subadvisers to manage all or a portion of the assets of a fund, and enter into subadvisory agreements with such subadvisers, and (b) materially amend subadvisory agreements with such subadvisers. The initial shareholder of the fund has approved the fund’s operation in this manner and reliance by the fund on this exemptive order issued by the SEC.

 

Portfolio Management

 

The following individuals are jointly and primarily responsible for the day-to-day management of the fund’s portfolio.

 

David L. Albrycht (since September 2014 )
Francesco Ossino (since September 2014 )
Jonathan R. Stanley (since September 2014 )

 

David L. Albrycht, CFA. Mr. Albrycht is President and Chief Investment Officer at Newfleet. Prior to joining Newfleet in 2011, he was Executive Managing Director (2008 to 2011) and Vice President (2005 to 2008), Fixed Income, of Goodwin Capital Advisers, Inc. (“Goodwin”). Previously, he was associated with VIA, which at the time was an affiliate of Goodwin. He managed fixed income portfolios for Goodwin affiliates since 1991. Mr. Albrycht also manages several fixed income and variable investment options as well as two closed-end funds.

 

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Francesco Ossino. Mr. Ossino is a Senior Managing Director and Senior Portfolio Manager at Newfleet (since 2012). Prior to joining Newfleet, he was a bank loan portfolio manager, primarily focused on mutual fund portfolios, at Hartford investment Management (2004 to 2012), where he also managed a commingled bank loan portfolio for institutional investors. Previously, he held a variety of credit analyst and portfolio management positions at CIGNA (2002 to 2004), HVB Bank (2000 to 2002) and FleetBoston Financial (1996 to 2000).

 

Jonathan R. Stanley, CFA. Mr. Stanley is Director of Fixed Income Research and sector manager for high yield credit, at Newfleet (since 2011). He is also responsible for the consumer products, food and beverage, restaurants, retail and metals and mining industries, and the Asian sovereign credit sector. Prior to joining Newfleet, he was on the fixed income team at Goodwin, serving as sector manager for high yield credit. Previously, he was associated with VIA, which at the time was an affiliate of Goodwin. Mr. Stanley joined Goodwin in 1996. From 2001 to 2006, he was a portfolio manager age Global Financial Private Capital. He rejoined Goodwin in 2006 as a member of the corporate credit research group and assumed responsibilities for the management of the high yield sector in 2008.

 

Please refer to the SAI for additional information about the fund’s portfolio managers, including the structure of and method of computing compensation, other accounts they manage and their ownership of shares of the fund.

 

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Additional Investment Techniques

 

In addition to the Principal Investment Strategies and Risks Related to Principal Investment Strategies, the fund may engage in additional investment techniques that present additional risks to the fund as described below. Those additional investment techniques in which the fund is expected to engage as of the date of this prospectus are included below, although other techniques may be utilized from time to time. The information below describes the additional investment techniques and their risks. Many of the additional investment techniques that the fund may use, as well as other investment techniques that are relied upon to a lesser degree, are more fully described in the SAI.

 

Equity Securities

 

Generally, prices of equity securities are more volatile than those of fixed income securities. The prices of equity securities will rise and fall in response to a number of different factors. In particular, equity securities will respond to events that affect entire financial markets or industries (such as changes in inflation or consumer demand) and to events that affect particular issuers (such as news about the success or failure of a new product). Equity securities also are subject to “stock market risk,” meaning that stock prices in general may decline over short or extended periods of time. When the value of the stocks held by the fund goes down, the value of the fund’s shares will be affected.

 

· Large Market Capitalization Companies Risk. The value of investments in larger companies may not rise as much as smaller companies, or larger companies may be unable to respond quickly to competitive challenges, such as changes in technology and consumer tastes.

 

· Small and Medium Market Capitalization Companies Risk. Small and medium-sized companies often have narrower markets, fewer products or services to offer, and more limited managerial and financial resources than larger, more established companies. As a result, the performance of small and medium-sized companies may be more volatile, and they may face a greater risk of business failure, which could increase the volatility and risk of loss to the fund.

 

Illiquid and Restricted Securities

 

Certain securities in which the fund invests may be difficult to sell at the time and price beneficial to the fund, for example due to low trading volumes or legal restrictions. When there is no willing buyer or a security cannot be readily sold, the fund may have to sell at a lower price or may be unable to sell the security at all. The sale of such securities may also require the fund to incur expenses in addition to those normally associated with the sale of a security.

 

Mutual Fund Investing

 

Through its investments in other mutual funds, the fund is exposed to not only to the risks of the underlying funds’ investments but also to certain additional risks. Assets invested in other mutual funds incur a layering of expenses, including operating costs, advisory fees and administrative fees that you, as a shareholder in the fund, indirectly bear. Such fees and expenses may exceed the fees and expenses the fund would have incurred if it invested in the underlying fund’s assets directly. To the extent that the expense ratio of an underlying fund changes, the weighted average operating expenses borne by the fund may increase or decrease. An underlying fund may change its investment objective or policies without the approval of the fund, and the fund might be forced to withdraw its investment from the underlying fund at a time that is unfavorable to the fund. If the fund invests in closed-end funds, it may incur added expenses such as additional management fees and trading costs and additional risks associated with trading at a discount to NAV and use of leverage.

 

Repurchase Agreements

 

The fund may invest in repurchase agreements with commercial banks, brokers and dealers considered by the adviser to be creditworthy. Such agreements subject the fund to the risk of default or insolvency of the counterparty.

 

Securities Lending

 

The fund may loan portfolio securities with a value up to one-third of its total assets to increase its investment returns. If the borrower is unwilling or unable to return the borrowed securities when due, the respective fund can suffer losses. In addition, there is a risk of delay in receiving additional collateral or in the recovery of the securities, and a risk of loss of rights in the collateral, in the event that the borrower fails financially. There is also a risk that the value of the investment of the collateral could decline, causing a loss to the fund.

 

 

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Unrated Fixed Income Securities

 

The fund’s subadviser has the authority to make determinations regarding the quality of such securities for the purposes of assessing whether they meet the fund’s investment restrictions. However, analysis of unrated securities is more complex than that of rated securities, making it more difficult for the subadviser to accurately predict risk. Unrated fixed income securities may not be lower in quality than rated securities, but due to their perceived risk they may not have as broad a market as rated securities, making it more difficult to sell unrated securities.

 

The fund may buy other types of securities or employ other portfolio management techniques. Please refer to the SAI for more detailed information about these and other investment techniques of the fund.

 

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Pricing of Fund Shares

 

How is the Share Price Determined?

 

The fund calculates a share price for each class of its shares. The share price for each class is based on the net assets of the fund and the number of outstanding shares of that class. In general, the fund calculates a share price for each class by:

 

· adding the values of all securities and other assets of the fund;

 

· subtracting liabilities; and

 

· dividing the result by the total number of outstanding shares of that class.

 

 

Assets: Equity securities are valued at the official closing price (typically last sale) on the exchange on which the securities are primarily traded, or, if no closing price is available, at the last bid price. Shares of other investment companies are valued at such companies’ net asset values (“NAVs”). Debt securities (other than short-term investments) are valued on the basis of broker quotations or valuations provided by a pricing service, which in determining value utilizes information with respect to recent sales, market transactions in comparable securities, quotations from dealers, and various relationships between securities. Short-term investments having a remaining maturity of 60 days or less are valued at amortized cost, which approximates market value. Other assets, such as accrued interest, accrued dividends and cash are also included in determining the fund’s NAV. As required, some securities and assets are valued at fair value as determined in good faith by, or under the direction of, the Board of Trustees.

 

Liabilities: Accrued liabilities for class-specific expenses (if any), distribution fees, service fees and other liabilities are deducted from the assets of each class. Accrued expenses and liabilities that are not class-specific (such as management fees) are allocated to each class in proportion to each class’s net assets except where an alternative allocation can be more appropriately made.

 

Net Asset Value (NAV): The liabilities allocated to a class are deducted from the proportionate interest of such class in the assets of the fund. The resulting amount for each class is then divided by the number of shares outstanding of that class to produce each class’s NAV per share.

 

The NAV per share of each class of the fund is determined as of the close of regular trading (normally 4:00 PM eastern time) on days when the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) is open for trading. The fund will not calculate its NAV per share class on days when the NYSE is closed for trading. If the fund holds securities that are traded on foreign exchanges that trade on weekends or other holidays when the fund does not price its shares, the NAV of the fund’s shares may change on days when shareholders will not be able to purchase or redeem the fund’s shares.

 

How are securities fair valued?

 

If market quotations are not readily available or available prices are not reliable, the fund determines a “fair value” for an investment according to policies and procedures approved by the Board of Trustees. The types of assets for which such pricing might be required include: (i) securities whose trading has been suspended; (ii) securities where the trading market is unusually thin or trades have been infrequent; (iii) debt securities that have recently gone into default and for which there is no current market quotation; (iv) a security whose market price is not available from an independent pricing source and for which otherwise reliable quotes are not available; (v) securities of an issuer that has entered into a restructuring; (vi) a security whose price as provided by any pricing source does not, in the opinion of the adviser/subadviser, reflect the security’s market value; (vii) foreign securities subject to trading collars for which no or limited trading takes place; (viii) securities where the market quotations are not readily available as a result of “significant” events; and (ix) securities whose principal exchange or trading market is closed for an entire business day on which a fund needs to determine its NAV. This list is not inclusive of all situations that may require a security to be fair valued, nor is it intended to be conclusive in determining whether a specific event requires fair valuation.

 

The value of any portfolio security held by the fund for which market quotations are not readily available shall be determined in good faith and in a manner that assesses the security’s “fair value” on the valuation date (i.e., the amount that the fund might reasonably expect to receive for the security upon its current sale), based on a consideration of all available facts and all available information, including, but not limited to, the following: (i) the fundamental analytical data relating to the investment; (ii) the value of other relevant financial instruments, including derivative securities, traded on other markets or among dealers; (iii) an evaluation of the forces which influence the market in which these securities are purchased and sold ( e.g. , the existence of merger proposals or tender offers that might affect the value of the security); (iv) the type of the security; (v) the size of the holding; (vi) the initial cost of the security; (vii) trading volumes on markets, exchanges or among broker- dealers; (viii) price quotes from dealers and/or pricing services; (ix) values of baskets of securities traded on other markets, exchanges, or among dealers; (x) changes in interest rates; (xi) information obtained from the issuer, analysts, other financial institutions and/or the appropriate stock exchange (for exchange traded securities); (xii) an analysis of the company’s financial statements; (xiii) government (domestic or foreign) actions or pronouncements (xiv) recent news about the security or issuer; (xv) whether two or more dealers with whom the adviser/subadviser regularly effects trades are willing to purchase or sell the security at comparable prices; and (xvi) other news events or relevant matters..

 

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Certain foreign common stocks may be fair valued in cases where closing prices are not readily available or are deemed not reflective of readily available market prices. For example, events (such as movement in the U.S. securities market, or other regional and local developments) may occur between the time that foreign markets close (where the security is principally traded) and the time that the fund calculates its NAV (generally, the close of regular trading on the NYSE) that may impact the value of securities traded in these foreign markets. In such cases, information from an external vendor may be utilized to adjust closing market prices of certain foreign common stocks to reflect their fair value. Because the frequency of significant events is not predictable, fair valuation of certain foreign common stocks may occur on a frequent basis.

 

The value of a security, as determined using the fund’s fair valuation procedures, may not reflect such security’s market value.

 

At what price are shares purchased?

 

All investments received by the fund’s authorized agents in good order prior to the close of regular trading on the NYSE (normally 4:00 PM eastern time) will be executed based on that day’s NAV ; investments received by the fund’s authorized agent in good order after the close of regular trading on the NYSE will be executed based on the next business day’s NAV . Shares credited to your account from the reinvestment of the fund’s distributions will be in full and fractional shares that are purchased at the closing NAV on the next business day on which the fund’s NAV is calculated following the dividend record date.

 

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Sales Charges

 

What are the classes and how do they differ?

 

Currently, the fund offers three classes of shares. Each class of shares has different sales and distribution charges. (See “Fund Fees and Expenses” in the fund’s “Fund Summary” previously in this prospectus.) For certain classes of shares, the fund has adopted distribution and service plans allowed under Rule 12b-1 of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (Rule 12b-1 Fees), that authorize the fund to pay distribution and service fees for the sale of its shares and for services provided to shareholders.

 

The Rule 12b-1 Fees for each class of the fund are as follows:

 

Class A Class C Class I
0.25% 1.00% None

 

What arrangement is best for you?

 

The different classes of shares permit you to choose the method of purchasing shares that is most beneficial to you. In choosing a class of shares, consider the amount of your investment, the length of time you expect to hold the shares, whether you decide to receive distributions in cash or to reinvest them in additional shares, and any other personal circumstances. Depending upon these considerations, the accumulated distribution and service fees and contingent deferred sales charges of one class of shares may be more or less than the initial sales charge and accumulated distribution and service fees of another class of shares bought at the same time. Because distribution and service fees are paid out of the fund’s assets on an ongoing basis, over time these fees will increase the cost of your investment and may cost you more than paying other types of sales charges.

 

Your financial representative should recommend only those arrangements that are suitable for you based on known information. In certain instances, you may be entitled to a reduction or waiver of sales charges. For instance, you may be entitled to a sales charge discount on Class A Shares if you purchase more than certain breakpoint amounts. You should inform or inquire of your financial representative whether or not you may be entitled to a sales charge discount attributable to your total holdings in the fund or affiliated funds. To determine eligibility for a sales charge discount, you may aggregate all of your accounts (including joint accounts, retirement accounts such as individual retirement accounts (“IRAs”), non-IRAs, etc.) and those of your spouse or domestic partner and minor children. The financial representative may request that you provide an account statement or other holdings information to determine your eligibility for a breakpoint and make certain all involved parties have the necessary data. Additional information about the classes of shares offered, sales charges, breakpoints and discounts follows in this section and also may be found in the SAI in the section entitled “How to Buy Shares.” This information is available free of charge, and in a clear and prominent format, at the Individual Investors section of virtus.com . Please be sure that you fully understand these choices before investing. If you or your financial representative require additional assistance, you may also contact Virtus Fund Services by calling toll-free 800-243-1574.

 

Class A Shares. If you purchase Class A Shares, you will pay a sales charge at the time of purchase equal to 3 .75% of the offering price ( 3.90 % of the amount invested). The sales charge may be reduced or waived under certain conditions. (See “Initial Sales Charge Alternative – Class A Shares” below.) Generally, Class A Shares are not subject to any charges by the fund when redeemed; however, a 0.50% contingent deferred sales charge (“CDSC”) may be imposed (i) on certain redemptions within 18 months of a finder’s fee being paid or (ii) on exchanges into Class A of a Virtus money market fund from Class A of a Virtus non-money market fund made within 18 months of a finder’s fee being paid on such Virtus non-money market fund shares. The 18-month period begins on the last day of the month preceding the month in which the purchase was made, and shares not subject to a finder’s fee will be deemed to be redeemed first. Class A Shares have lower distribution and service fees (0.25%) and as a result pay higher dividends than Class C Shares.

 

Class C Shares. If you purchase Class C Shares, you will not pay a sales charge at the time of purchase. If you sell your Class C Shares within the first year after they are purchased, you will pay a deferred sales charge of 1%. (See “Deferred Sales Charge Alternative—Class C Shares” below.) Class C Shares do not convert to any other class of shares of the fund, so the higher distribution and services fees paid by Class C Shares continue for the life of the account.

 

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Class I Shares. Class I Shares are offered primarily to clients of financial intermediaries that (i) charge such clients an ongoing fee for advisory, investment, consulting, or similar services; or (ii) have entered into an agreement with the distributor to offer Class I Shares through a no-load network or platform. Such clients may include pension and profit sharing plans, other employee benefit trusts, endowments, foundations and corporations. Class I Shares are also offered to private and institutional clients of, or referred by, the adviser, a subadviser, or their affiliates, and to Trustees of the fund and trustees/directors of affiliated open- and closed-end funds, and directors, officers and employees of Virtus and its affiliates. If you are eligible to purchase and do purchase Class I Shares, you will pay no sales charge at any time. There are no distribution and service fees applicable to Class I Shares.

 

Initial Sales Charge Alternative—Class A Shares

 

The public offering price of Class A Shares of Virtus non-money market funds is the NAV plus a sales charge that varies depending on the size of your purchase. (See “Class A Shares – Reduced Initial Sales Charges” in the SAI.) Shares purchased based on the automatic reinvestment of income dividends or capital gain distributions are not subject to any sales charges. The sales charge is divided between your investment dealer and the fund’s underwriter, VP Distributors, LLC (“VP Distributors” or the “Distributor”).

 

Sales Charge you may pay to purchase Class A Shares

 

  Sales Charge as a percentage of
Amount of Transaction at Offering Price Offering
Price
Net
Amount
Invested
Under $50,000   3.75%    3.90%
$50,000 but under $100,000 3.50 3.63
$100,000 but under $250,000 3.25 3.36
$250,000 but under $500,000 2.25 2.30
$500,000 but under $1,000,000 1.75 1.78
$1,000,000 or more None None

 

Contingent Deferred Sales Charge you may pay on Class A Shares

 

Investors buying Class A Shares on which a finder’s fee has been paid may incur a 0.50% CDSC if (i) they redeem their shares within 18 months of purchase or (ii) they exchange their shares into Class A of a Virtus money market fund within 18 months of their purchase of Virtus non-money market fund shares. The 18-month period begins on the last day of the month preceding the month in which the purchase was made, and shares not subject to a finder’s fee will be deemed to be redeemed first. The CDSC will be multiplied by the then current market value or the initial cost of the shares being redeemed, whichever is less.

 

Class A Sales Charge Reductions and Waivers

 

Investors may reduce or eliminate sales charges applicable to purchases of Class A Shares through utilization of Combination Purchase Privilege, Letter of Intent, Right of Accumulation, Purchase by Associations or the Account Reinstatement Privilege. These programs are summarized below and are described in greater detail in the SAI.

 

Combination Purchase Privilege. Your purchase of any class of shares of the fund or any Virtus Mutual Fund (other than any Virtus money market fund), if made at the same time by the same person, will be added together with any existing Virtus Mutual Fund account values to determine whether the combined sum entitles you to an immediate reduction in sales charges. Shares of Virtus money market funds, other than money market fund shares acquired by exchanges from other Virtus funds, are not included for combination purchase privileges. A “person” is defined in this and the following sections as either: (a) any individual, his or her spouse or domestic partner, children and minor grandchildren purchasing shares for his, her or their own account (including an IRA account) including his, her or their own sole proprietorship or trust where any of the above is a named beneficiary; (b) a trustee or other fiduciary purchasing for a single trust, estate or single fiduciary account (even though more than one beneficiary may exist); (c) multiple accounts (up to 200) under a qualified employee benefit plan or administered by a third party administrator; or (d) trust companies, bank trust departments, registered investment advisers, and similar entities placing orders or providing administrative services with respect to accounts over which they exercise discretionary investment authority and which are held in a fiduciary, agency, custodial or similar capacity, provided all shares are held of record in the name, or nominee name, of the entity placing the order.

 

Letter of Intent. If you sign a Letter of Intent, your purchase of any class of shares of the fund or any Virtus Mutual Fund (other than any Virtus money market fund), if made by the same person within a 13-month period, will be added together to determine whether you are entitled to an immediate reduction in sales charges. Sales charges are reduced based on the overall amount you indicate that you will buy under the Letter of Intent. The Letter of Intent is a mutually non-binding arrangement between you and Virtus Mutual Funds. Shares worth 5% of the amount of each purchase will be held in escrow (while remaining registered in your name) to secure payment of the higher sales charges applicable to the shares actually purchased in the event the full intended amount is not purchased.

 

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Right of Accumulation. The value of your account(s) in any class of shares of the fund or any Virtus Mutual Fund (other than any Virtus money market fund) if made over time by the same person, may be added together at the time of each purchase to determine whether the combined sum entitles you to a prospective reduction in sales charges. Shares of Virtus money market funds, other than money market fund shares acquired by exchanges from other Virtus funds, are not included for purposes of the rights of accumulation. You must provide certain account information to the applicable Virtus Funds or their agents at the time of purchase to exercise this right.

 

Gifting of Shares. If you make a gift of shares of a Virtus Mutual Fund, upon your request you may combine purchases, if made at the same time, of any class of shares of the fund or any other Virtus Mutual Fund (other than any Virtus money market fund) at the sales charge discount allowed for the combined purchase. The receiver of the gift may also be entitled to a prospective reduction in sales charges in accordance with the fund’s right of accumulation or other provisions. You or the receiver of the gift must provide certain account information to Virtus Mutual Funds or their agents at the time of purchase to exercise this right.

 

Purchase by Associations. Certain groups or associations may be treated as a “person” and qualify for reduced Class A Share sales charges. The group or association must: (1) have been in existence for at least six months; (2) have a legitimate purpose other than to purchase mutual fund shares at a reduced sales charge; (3) work through an investment dealer; and (4) not be a group whose sole reason for existing is to consist of members who are credit card holders of a particular company, policyholders of an insurance company, customers of a bank or a broker-dealer or clients of an investment adviser.

 

Account Reinstatement Privilege. Subject to the fund’s policies and procedures regarding market timing, for 180 days after you sell your Class A Shares on which you previously paid a sales charge, you may purchase Class A Shares of any Virtus Mutual Fund at NAV, with no sales charge, by reinvesting all or part of your proceeds, but not more.

 

Sales at Net Asset Value. In addition to the programs summarized above, the fund may sell its Class A Shares at NAV without an initial sales charge to certain types of accounts or account holders, including, but not limited to: trustees of the fund and/or Virtus Mutual Funds; directors, officers, employees and sales representatives of the adviser, a subadviser or the Distributor and corporate affiliates of the adviser, a subadviser or the Distributor; private clients of an adviser or subadviser to any of the Virtus Mutual Funds; registered representatives and employees of dealers with which the Distributor has sales agreements; and certain qualified employee benefit plans, endowment funds or foundations. Please see the SAI for more information about qualifying for purchases of Class A Shares at NAV.

 

Deferred Sales Charge Alternative—Class C Shares

 

Class C Shares are purchased without an initial sales charge; however, shares sold within a specified time period are subject to a declining CDSC at the rates listed below. The sales charge will be multiplied by the then-current market value or the initial cost of the shares being redeemed, whichever is less. No sales charge will be imposed on increases in NAV or on shares purchased through the reinvestment of income dividends or capital gain distributions. To minimize the sales charge, shares not subject to any charge will be redeemed first, followed by shares held the longest time. To calculate the number of shares owned and time period held, all Class C Shares are considered purchased on the trade date.

 

Deferred Sales Charge you may pay to sell Class C Shares

 

Year 1 2+        
CDSC 1% 0%        

 

Compensation to Dealers

 

Dealers with whom the Distributor has entered into sales agreements receive a discount or commission on Class A Shares as described below.

 

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Amount of
Transaction
at Offering Price

Sales Charge as a
Percentage of

Offering Price

Sales Charge as a
Percentage of

Amount Invested

Dealer Discount as a
Percentage of

Offering Price

Under $50,000    3.75%    3.90%    3.25%
$50,000 but under $100,000 3.50 3.63 3.00
$100,000 but under $250,000 3.25 3.36 2.75
$250,000 but under $500,000 2.25 2.30 2.00
$500,000 but under $1,000,000 1.75 1.78 1.50
$1,000,000 or more None None None

 

 

With respect to Class C Shares, the Distributor intends to pay investment dealers a sales commission of 1% of the sale price of Class C Shares sold by such dealers. Your broker, dealer or financial advisor may also charge you additional commissions or fees for their services in selling shares to you provided they notify the Distributor of their intention to do so.

 

Dealers and other entities that enter into special arrangements with the Distributor may receive compensation for the sale and promotion of shares of the fund. Such fees are in addition to the sales commissions referenced above and may be based upon the amount of sales of fund shares by a dealer; the provision of assistance in marketing of fund shares; access to sales personnel and information dissemination services; and other criteria as established by the Distributor. Depending on the nature of the services, these fees may be paid either from the fund through distribution fees, service fees or, in some cases, the Distributor may pay certain fees from its own profits and resources.

 

Dealers and other entities that enter into special arrangements with the Distributor or the fund’s transfer agent, Virtus Fund Services, LLC (the “Transfer Agent”), may receive compensation from or on behalf of the fund for providing certain recordkeeping and related services to the fund or its shareholders. These fees may also be referred to as shareholder accounting fees, administrative services fees, sub-transfer agent fees or networking fees. They are not for the sale, promotion or marketing of fund shares.

 

From its own profits and resources, the Distributor may, from time to time, make payments to qualified wholesalers, registered financial institutions and third party marketers for marketing support services and/or retention of assets. These payments are sometimes referred to as “revenue sharing.” Among others, the Distributor has agreed to make such payments for marketing support services to AXA Advisors, LLC. Additionally, the Distributor may pay broker-dealers a finder’s fee in an amount equal to 0.50% of eligible Class A Share purchases from $1,000,000 to $3,000,000, and 0.25% on amounts greater than $3,000,000. Purchases of Class A Shares by an account in the name of a qualified employee benefit plan are eligible for a finder’s fee only if such plan has at least 100 eligible employees. A 0.50% CDSC may be imposed on certain redemptions of such Class A investments within 18 months of purchase. For purposes of determining the applicability of the CDSC, the 18-month period begins on the last day of the month preceding the month in which the purchase was made. The Distributor will also pay broker-dealers a service fee of 0.25% beginning in the thirteenth month following purchase of Class A Shares on which a finder’s fee has been paid. VP Distributors reserves the right to discontinue or alter such fee payment plans at any time.

 

From its own resources or pursuant to the distribution and shareholder servicing plans, and subject to the dealers’ prior approval, the Distributor may provide additional compensation to registered representatives of dealers in the form of travel expenses, meals, and lodging associated with training and educational meetings sponsored by the Distributor. The Distributor may also provide gifts amounting in value to less than $100, and occasional meals or entertainment, to registered representatives of dealers. Any such travel expenses, meals, lodging, gifts or entertainment paid will not be preconditioned upon the registered representatives’ or dealers’ achievement of a sales target. The Distributor may, from time to time, reallow the entire portion of the sales charge on Class A Shares which it normally retains to individual selling dealers. However, such additional reallowance generally will be made only when the selling dealer commits to substantial marketing support such as internal wholesaling through dedicated personnel, internal communications and mass mailings.

 

The Distributor has also agreed to pay fees to certain distributors for preferred marketing opportunities. These arrangements may be viewed as creating a conflict of interest between these distributors and investors. Investors should make due inquiry of their selling agents to ensure that they are receiving the requisite point of sale disclosures and suitable recommendations free of any influence by reason of these arrangements.

 

The categories of payments the Distributor and/or the Transfer Agent may make to other parties are not mutually exclusive, and such parties may receive payments under more than one or all categories. These payments could be significant to a party receiving them, creating a conflict of interest for such party in making investment recommendations to investors. Investors should make due inquiry of any party recommending the fund for purchase to ensure that such investors are receiving the requisite point of sale disclosures and suitable recommendations free of any influence by reason of these arrangements.

 

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A document containing information about sales charges, including breakpoint (volume) discounts, is available free of charge on the Internet at virtus.com . In the Individual Investors section, go to the tab “Investors Knowledge Base” and click on the link for Breakpoint (Volume) Discounts.

 

Your Account

 

Opening an Account

 

Your financial advisor can assist you with your initial purchase as well as all phases of your investment program. If you are opening an account by yourself, please follow the instructions outlined below.

 

The fund has established the following preferred methods of payment for fund shares:

 

· Checks drawn on an account in the name of the investor and made payable to Virtus Mutual Funds;

 

· Checks drawn on an account in the name of the investor’s company or employer and made payable to Virtus Mutual Funds; or

 

· Wire transfers or Automated Clearing House (ACH) transfers from an account in the name of the investor, or the investor’s company or employer.

 

Payment in other forms may be accepted at the discretion of the fund; however, the fund generally does not accept such other forms of payment as cash equivalents (such as traveler’s checks, cashier’s checks, money orders or bank drafts), starter checks, credit card convenience checks, or certain third party checks. Please specify the name(s) of the fund or funds in which you would like to invest on the check or transfer instructions.

 

To help the government fight the funding of terrorism and money laundering activities, federal law requires all financial institutions to obtain, verify and record information that identifies each person who opens an account. Accordingly, when you open an account, we will ask for your name, address, date of birth and other information that will allow us to identify you. We may check the information you provide against publicly available databases, information obtained from consumer reporting agencies, other financial institutions or other sources. If, after reasonable effort, we cannot verify your identity, we reserve the right to close the account and redeem the shares at the NAV next calculated after the decision is made by us to close the account.

 

Step 1.

 

Your first choice will be the initial amount you intend to invest in the fund.

 

Minimum initial investments applicable to Class A and Class C Shares:

 

· $100 for individual retirement accounts (“IRAs”), accounts that use the systematic exchange privilege, or accounts that use the Systematic Purchase program. (See Investor Services and Other Information for additional detail.)

 

· There is no initial dollar requirement for defined contribution plans, asset-based fee programs, profit-sharing plans, or employee benefit plans. There is also no minimum for reinvesting dividends and capital gains into another account.

 

· $2,500 for all other accounts.

 

Minimum additional investments applicable to Class A and Class C Shares:

 

· $100 for any account.

 

· There is no minimum additional investment requirement for defined contribution plans, asset-based fee programs, profit-sharing plans, or employee benefit plans. There is also no minimum additional investment requirement for reinvesting dividends and capital gains into an existing account.

 

Minimum initial investments applicable to Class I Shares:

 

· $100,000 for any account for qualified investors. (Call Virtus Fund Services at 800-243-1574 for additional detail.)

 

There is no minimum additional investment requirement applicable to Class I Shares.

 

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The fund reserves the right to refuse any purchase order for any reason.

 

Step 2.

 

Your second choice will be what class of shares to buy. Each share class, except Class I Shares, has different sales and distribution charges. Because all future investments in your account will be made in the share class you choose when you open your account, you should make your decision carefully. Your financial advisor can help you pick the share class that makes the most sense for your situation.

 

Step 3.

 

Your next choice will be how you want to receive any dividends and capital gain distributions. Your options are:

 

· Receive both dividends and capital gain distributions in additional shares;

 

· Receive dividends in additional shares and capital gain distributions in cash;

 

· Receive dividends in cash and capital gain distributions in additional shares; or

 

· Receive both dividends and capital gain distributions in cash.

 

No interest will be paid on uncashed distribution checks.

 

How to Buy Shares

 

 

To Open An Account

 

Through a financial advisor Contact your advisor. Some advisors may charge a fee and may set different minimum investments or limitations on buying shares.
Through the mail Complete a new account application and send it with a check payable to the fund. Mail them to: Virtus Mutual Funds, P.O. Box 9874, Providence, RI 02940-8074.
Through express delivery Complete a new account application and send it with a check payable to the fund. Send them to: Virtus Mutual Funds, 4400 Computer Drive, Westborough, MA 01581-1722.
By Federal Funds wire Call us at 800-243-1574 (press 1, then 0).
By Systematic Purchase Complete the appropriate section on the application and send it with your initial investment payable to the fund. Mail them to: Virtus Mutual Funds, P.O. Box 9874, Providence, RI 02940-8074.
By telephone exchange Call us at 800-243-1574 (press 1, then 0).

 

The price at which a purchase is effected is based on the NAV next determined after the receipt of a purchase order in good order by the fund’s Transfer Agent. A purchase order is generally in “good order” if an acceptable form of payment accompanies the purchase order and the order includes the appropriate application(s) and/or other form(s) and any supporting legal documentation required by the Transfer Agent, each in legible form.

 

The fund reserves the right to refuse any order that may disrupt the efficient management of the fund.

 

How to Sell Shares

 

You have the right to have the fund buy back shares at the NAV next determined after receipt of a redemption request in good order by the fund’s Transfer Agent or an authorized agent. In the case of a Class C Share redemption and certain Class A Share redemptions, you will be subject to the contingent deferred sales charge, if any, for such shares. Subject to certain restrictions, shares may be redeemed by telephone or in writing. In addition, shares may be sold through securities dealers, brokers or agents who may charge customary commissions or fees for their services. The fund does not charge a redemption fee. Payment for shares redeemed generally is made within seven days; however, redemption proceeds will not be disbursed until each check used for purchases of shares has been cleared for payment by your bank, which may take up to 15 days after receipt of the check.

 

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To Sell Shares

 

Through a financial advisor Contact your advisor. Some advisors may charge a fee and may set different minimums on redemptions of accounts.
Through the mail Send a letter of instruction to: Virtus Mutual Funds, P.O. Box 9874, Providence, RI 02940-8074. Be sure to include the registered owner’s name, fund and account number, and number of shares or dollar value you wish to sell.
Through express delivery Send a letter of instruction to: Virtus Mutual Funds, 4400 Computer Drive, Westborough, MA 01581-1722. Be sure to include the registered owner’s name, fund and account number, and number of shares or dollar value you wish to sell.
By telephone For sales up to $50,000, requests can be made by calling
800-243-1574.
By telephone exchange Call us at 800-243-1574 (press 1, then 0).

 

Things You Should Know When Selling Shares

 

You may realize a taxable gain or loss (for federal income tax purposes) if you redeem or exchange shares of the fund. The fund reserves the right to pay large redemptions “in kind” (i.e., in securities owned by the fund) rather than in cash. Large redemptions are those that exceed $250,000 or 1% of the fund’s net assets, whichever is less, over any 90-day period. Additional documentation will be required for redemptions by organizations, fiduciaries, or retirement plans, or if a redemption is requested by anyone but the shareholder(s) of record. Transfers between broker-dealer “street” accounts are governed by the accepting broker-dealer. Questions regarding this type of transfer should be directed to your financial advisor.

 

Redemption requests will not be honored until all required documents, in proper form, have been received. To avoid delay in redemption or transfer, shareholders having questions about specific requirements should contact the fund’s Transfer Agent at 800-243-1574.

 

As stated in the applicable account applications, accounts associated with certain types of retirement plans and individual retirement accounts may incur fees payable to the Transfer Agent in the event of redeeming an account in full. Shareholders with questions about this should contact the fund’s Transfer Agent at 800-243-1574.

 

Redemptions by Mail

 

Þ If you are selling shares held individually, jointly, or as custodian under the Uniform Gifts to Minors Act or Uniform Transfers to Minors Act:

 

Send a clear letter of instructions if both of these apply:

 

· The proceeds do not exceed $50,000.

 

· The proceeds are payable to the registered owner at the address on record.

 

Send a clear letter of instructions with a signature guarantee when any of these apply:

 

· You are selling more than $50,000 worth of shares.

 

· The name or address on the account has changed within the last 30 days.

 

· You want the proceeds to go to a different name or address than on the account.

 

Þ If you are selling shares held in a corporate or fiduciary account, please contact the fund’s Transfer Agent at 800-243-1574.

 

The signature guarantee, if required, must be a STAMP 2000 Medallion guarantee made by an eligible guarantor institution as defined by the fund’s Transfer Agent in accordance with its signature guarantee procedures. Guarantees using previous technology medallions will not be accepted. As of the date of this prospectus, the Transfer Agent’s signature guarantee procedures generally permit guarantees by banks, broker-dealers, credit unions, national securities exchanges, registered securities associations, clearing agencies and savings associations.

 

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Selling Shares by Telephone

 

The Transfer Agent will use reasonable procedures to confirm that telephone instructions are genuine. Address and bank account information are verified, redemption instructions are taped, and all redemptions are confirmed in writing.

 

The individual investor bears the risk from instructions given by an unauthorized third party that the Transfer Agent reasonably believed to be genuine.

 

The Transfer Agent may modify or terminate the telephone redemption privilege at any time with 60 days’ notice to shareholders, except for instances of disruptive trading or market timing; in such cases, the telephone redemption privilege may be suspended immediately, followed by written notice. (See “Disruptive Trading and Market Timing” in this prospectus.)

 

During times of drastic economic or market changes, telephone redemptions may be difficult to make or temporarily suspended; however, shareholders would be able to make redemptions through other methods described above.

 

Account Policies

 

Account Reinstatement Privilege

 

Subject to the fund’s policies and procedures regarding market timing, for 180 days after you sell your Class A Shares on which you previously paid a sales charge, you may purchase Class A Shares of the fund or of any Virtus Mutual Fund at NAV, with no sales charge, by reinvesting all or part of your proceeds, but not more. Send your written request to Virtus Mutual Funds, P.O. Box 9874, Providence, RI 02940-8074. You can call Virtus Mutual Funds at 800-243-1574 for more information.

 

Please remember, a redemption and reinvestment are considered to be a sale and purchase for tax-reporting purposes.

 

Annual Fee on Small Accounts

 

To help offset the costs associated with maintaining small accounts, the fund reserves the right to assess an annual $25 small account fee on fund accounts with a balance below $2,500. The small account fee may be waived in certain circumstances, such as for accounts that have elected electronic delivery of statements/regulatory documents and accounts owned by shareholders having multiple accounts with a combined value of over $25,000. The small account fee does not apply to accounts held through a financial intermediary.

 

The small account fee will be collected through the automatic sale of shares in your account. We will send you written notice before we charge the $25 fee so that you may increase your account balance above the minimum, sign up for electronic delivery, consolidate your accounts or liquidate your account. You may take these actions at any time by contacting your investment professional or the Transfer Agent.

 

Redemption of Small Accounts

 

Due to the high cost of maintaining small accounts, if your redemption activity causes your account balance to fall below $200, you may receive a notice requesting you to bring the balance up to $200 within 60 days. If you do not, the shares in the account will be sold at NAV, and a check will be mailed to the address of record. Any applicable sales charges will be deducted.

 

Distributions of Small Amounts

 

Distributions in amounts less than $10 will automatically be reinvested in additional shares of the fund.

 

Uncashed Checks

 

If any correspondence sent by the fund is returned by the postal or other delivery service as “undeliverable,” your dividends or any other distribution may be automatically reinvested in the fund.

 

If your distribution check is not cashed within six months, the distribution may be reinvested in the fund at the current NAV. You will not receive any interest on uncashed distribution or redemption checks. This provision may not apply to certain retirement or qualified accounts.

 

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Inactive Accounts

 

As required by the laws of certain states, if no activity occurs in an account within the time period specified by your state law, the assets in your account may be transferred to the state.

 

Exchange Privileges

 

You should read the prospectus of the Virtus Mutual Fund(s) into which you want to make an exchange before deciding to make an exchange. You can obtain a prospectus from your financial advisor; by calling 800-243-4361; or on the Internet at virtus.com.

 

· You may exchange shares of one fund for the same class of shares of another Virtus Mutual Fund (e.g., Class A Shares for Class A Shares). Class C Shares are also exchangeable for Class T Shares of those Virtus Mutual Funds offering them. Exchange privileges may not be available for all Virtus Mutual Funds and may be rejected or suspended.

 

· On exchanges into Class A of a Virtus money market fund from Class A of a Virtus non-money market fund made within 18 months of a finder’s fee being paid on such Virtus non-money market fund shares, a 1.00% CDSC may be assessed on exchange proceeds.

 

· Exchanges may be made by telephone (800-243-1574) or by mail (Virtus Mutual Funds, P.O. Box 9874, Providence, RI 02940-8074).

 

· The amount of the exchange must be equal to or greater than the minimum initial investment required, unless the minimum has been waived (as described in the SAI).

 

· The exchange of shares of one fund for shares of a different fund is treated as a sale and purchase for federal income tax purposes.

 

· In certain circumstances, the fund, the Distributor or the Transfer Agent may enter into an agreement with a financial intermediary to permit exchanges from one class of the fund into another class of the same fund, subject to certain conditions. Such exchanges will only be permitted if, among other things, the financial intermediary agrees to follow procedures established by the fund, the Distributor or the Transfer Agent, which generally will require that the exchanges be carried out (i) within accounts maintained and controlled by the intermediary, (ii) on behalf of all or a particular segment of beneficial owners holding shares of the affected fund within those accounts, and (iii) all at once or within a given time period, or as agreed upon in writing by the fund, the Distributor or the Transfer Agent and the financial intermediary. A shareholder’s ability to make this type of exchange may be limited by operational or other limitations of his or her financial intermediary or the fund.

 

Disruptive Trading and Market Timing

 

The fund is not suitable for market timers, and market timers are discouraged from becoming investors. Your ability to make exchanges among funds is subject to modification if we determine, in our sole opinion, that your exercise of the exchange privilege may disadvantage or potentially harm the rights or interests of other shareholders.

 

Frequent purchases, redemptions and exchanges, programmed exchanges, exchanges into and then out of the fund in a short period of time, and exchanges of large amounts at one time may be indicative of market timing and otherwise disruptive trading (“Disruptive Trading”) which can have risks and harmful effects for other shareholders. These risks and harmful effects include:

 

· dilution of the interests of long-term investors, if market timers or others exchange into the fund at prices that are below the true value or exchange out of the fund at prices that are higher than the true value;

 

· an adverse effect on portfolio management, as determined by the adviser or subadviser in its sole discretion, such as causing the fund to maintain a higher level of cash than would otherwise be the case, or causing the fund to liquidate investments prematurely; and

 

· reducing returns to long-term shareholders through increased brokerage and administrative expenses.

 

In order to attempt to protect our shareholders from the potential harmful effects of Disruptive Trading, the fund’s Board of Trustees has adopted market timing policies and procedures designed to discourage Disruptive Trading. The Board of Trustees has adopted these policies and procedures as a preventive measure to protect all shareholders from the potential effects of Disruptive Trading, while also abiding by any rights that shareholders may have to make exchanges and provide reasonable and convenient methods of making exchanges that do not have the potential to harm other shareholders.

 

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Excessive trading activity is measured by the number of roundtrip transactions in an account. A roundtrip transaction is one where a shareholder buys and then sells, or sells and then buys, shares of any fund within 30 days. Shareholders of the fund are limited to one roundtrip transaction within any rolling 30-day period. Roundtrip transactions are counted at the shareholder level. In considering a shareholder’s trading activity, the fund may consider, among other factors, the shareholder’s trading history both directly and, if known, through financial intermediaries, in the fund, in other funds within the Virtus Fund complex, in non-Virtus funds or in accounts under common control or ownership. We do not include exchanges made pursuant to the dollar cost averaging or other similar programs when applying our market timing policies. Systematic withdrawal and/or contribution programs, mandatory retirement distributions, and transactions initiated by a plan sponsor also will not count towards the roundtrip limits. The fund may permit exchanges that they believe, in the exercise of their judgment, are not disruptive. The size of the fund and the size of the requested transaction may be considered when determining whether or not the transaction would be disruptive.

 

Shareholders holding shares for at least 30 days following investment will ordinarily be in compliance with the fund’s policies regarding excessive trading activity. The fund may, however, take action if activity is deemed disruptive even if shares are held longer than 30 days, such as a request for a transaction of an unusually large size. The size of the fund and the size of the requested transaction may be considered when determining whether or not the transaction would be disruptive.

 

Under our market timing policies, we may modify your exchange privileges for the fund by not accepting an exchange request from you or from any person, asset allocation service, and/or market timing service made on your behalf. We may also limit the amount that may be exchanged into or out of any fund at any one time, or may revoke your right to make Internet, telephone or facsimile exchanges. We may reinstate Internet, telephone and facsimile exchange privileges after they are revoked, but we will not reinstate these privileges if we have reason to believe that they might be used thereafter for Disruptive Trading.

 

The fund currently does not charge exchange or redemption fees, or any other administrative charges on fund exchanges. The fund reserves the right to impose such fees and/or charges in the future.

 

Orders for the purchase of fund shares are subject to acceptance by the fund. We reserve the right to reject, without prior notice, any exchange request into the fund if the purchase of shares in the corresponding fund is not accepted for any reason.

 

The fund does not have any arrangements with any person, organization or entity to permit frequent purchases and redemptions of fund shares.

 

 

We may, without prior notice, take whatever action we deem appropriate to comply with or take advantage of any state or federal regulatory requirement. The fund reserves the right to reject any purchase or exchange transaction at any time. If we reject a purchase or exchange for any reason, we will notify you of our decision in writing.

 

The fund cannot guarantee that its policies and procedures regarding market timing will be effective in detecting and deterring all Disruptive Trading.

 

Retirement Plans

 

Shares of the fund may be used as investments under the following retirement plans: traditional IRA, rollover IRA, SEP-IRA, SIMPLE IRA, Roth IRA, 401(k) plans, profit-sharing, money purchase plans, and certain 403(b) plans. For more information, call 800-243-4361.

 

Investor Services and Other Information

 

Systematic Purchase is a systematic investment plan that allows you to have a specified amount automatically deducted from your checking or savings account and then deposited into your mutual fund account. (Just complete the “Systematic Purchase” Section on the application and include a voided check.)

 

Systematic Exchange allows you to automatically move money from one Virtus Mutual Fund to another on a monthly, quarterly, semiannual or annual basis. Shares of one Virtus Mutual Fund will be exchanged for shares of the same class of another Virtus Mutual Fund at the interval you select. (To sign up, just complete the “Systematic Exchange” Section on the application.) Exchange privileges may not be available for all Virtus Mutual Funds and may be rejected or suspended.

 

Telephone Exchange lets you exchange shares of one Virtus Mutual Fund for the same class of shares in another Virtus Mutual Fund, using our customer service telephone number (800-243-1574). (See the “Telephone Exchange” section on the application.) Exchange privileges may not be available for all Virtus Mutual Funds and may be rejected or suspended.

 

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Systematic Withdrawal allows you to periodically redeem a portion of your account on a predetermined monthly, quarterly, semiannual, or annual basis. Sufficient shares from your account will be redeemed at the closing NAV on the payment date, with proceeds to be mailed to you or sent through ACH to your bank (at your selection). For payments to be mailed, shares will be redeemed on the 15 th of the month so that the payment is made about the 20 th of the month. For ACH payments, you may select the day of the month for the payments to be made; if no date is specified, the payments will occur on the 15 th of the month. The minimum withdrawal is $25, and minimum account balance requirements continue to apply. Shareholders in the program must own Virtus Mutual Fund shares worth at least $5,000.

 

Disclosure of Fund Portfolio Holdings. A description of the fund’s policies and procedures with respect to the disclosure of the fund’s portfolio securities is available in the SAI.

 

Tax Status of Distributions

 

The fund plans to make distributions from net investment income at intervals stated in the table below and to distribute net realized capital gains, if any, at least annually.

 

Dividend Paid
Monthly (Declared Daily)

 

Distributions of short-term capital gains (gains on securities held for a year or less) and net investment income are taxable to shareholders as ordinary income. Certain distributions of long-term capital gains and certain dividends are taxable at a lower rate than ordinary income. Long-term capital gains, if any, which are distributed to shareholders and which are designated by the fund as capital gain distributions, are taxable to shareholders as long-term capital gain distributions regardless of the length of time you have owned your shares.

 

Unless you elect to receive distributions in cash, dividends and capital gain distributions are paid in additional shares. All distributions, whether paid in cash or in additional shares, are subject to federal income tax and may be subject to state, local and other taxes.

 

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ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

 

You can find more information about the fund in the following documents:

 

Annual and Semiannual Reports

 

Annual and semiannual reports will contain more information about the fund’s investments. Once available, the annual report will discuss the market conditions and investment strategies that significantly affected the fund’s performance during the fiscal year.

 

Statement of Additional Information (SAI)

 

The SAI contains more detailed information about the fund. It is incorporated by reference and is legally part of the prospectus.

 

To obtain free copies of these documents, you can download copies from the Individual Investors section of our Web site, virtus.com, or you can request copies by calling Virtus Fund Services toll-free at 800-243-1574. You can also call this number to request other information about the Fund or to make shareholder inquiries.

 

Information about the fund (including the SAI) can be reviewed and copied at the Securities and Exchange Commission’s (SEC) Public Reference Room in Washington, DC. For information about the operation of the Public Reference Room, call 202-551-8090. Reports and other information about the fund are available in the EDGAR database on the SEC’s Internet site at sec.gov. You may also obtain copies upon payment of a duplicating fee by writing the Public Reference Section of the SEC, Washington, DC 20549-6009 or by electronic request at publicinfo@sec.gov.

 

Virtus Fund Services: 800-243-1574

 

Daily NAV Information

 

The daily NAV for the fund may be obtained from the Our Products section of our Web site, virtus.com.

 

Investment Company Act File No. 811-22906

 

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VIRTUS ALTERNATIVE SOLUTIONS TRUST

101 Munson Street

Greenfield, MA 01301

 

STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

September 8 , 2014

 

Virtus Alternative Solutions Trust (The “Trust”) is an open-end management investment company issuing shares in 4 separate series or “Funds”, all of which are publicly offered and described herein:

 

FUND TICKER SYMBOL BY CLASS
  A   C   I
Virtus Alternative Income Solution Fund VAIAX   VAICX   VAIIX
Virtus Alternative Inflation Solution Fund VSAIX   VSICX   VIASX
Virtus Alternative Total Solution Fund VATAX   VATCX   VATIX
Virtus Strategic Income Fund VASBX   VSBCX   VISBX

 

This Statement of Additional Information relates to the Class A, Class C and Class I shares of the Funds. This SAI is not a prospectus, and it should be read in conjunction with the Prospectuses for the Funds dated September 8 , 2014, as described below and as supplemented and amended from time to time. Each Fund’s Prospectuses are incorporated by reference into this SAI, and the portions of this SAI that relate to each Fund have been incorporated by reference into such Fund’s Prospectuses. The portions of this SAI that do not relate to a Fund do not form a part of such Fund’s SAI, have not been incorporated by reference into such Fund’s Prospectuses and should not be relied upon by investors in such Fund.

 

The Prospectuses may be obtained by downloading them from virtus.com ; by calling VP Distributors, LLC at 800.243.1574; or by writing to the Distributor at 100 Pearl Street, Hartford, CT 06103.

 

Capitalized terms used and not defined herein have the same meanings as those used in the Prospectuses.

 

The audited financial statements for the Funds will appear in each Fund’s annual report for its most recent fiscal year. The Funds have not yet been in operation for a fiscal year, so they have not yet issued an annual report. Financial statements from the annual report, when issued, are incorporated into this document by reference. Shareholders may obtain a copy of an annual report, when issued, without charge, by calling 800.243.1574 or by downloading it from virtus.com .

 

Transfer Agent: 800.243.1574

Adviser Consulting Group: 800.243.4361

Telephone Orders: 800.367.5877

Web Site: virtus.com

 

 
Table of Contents

  

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

  PAGE
Glossary 3
General Information and History 5
More Information About Fund Investment Strategies & Related Risks 12
Investment Limitations 17
Management of the Trust 72
Control Persons and Principal Holders of Securities 78
Investment Advisory and Other Services 78
Distribution Plans 85
Portfolio Managers 86
Brokerage Allocation and Other Practices 92
Purchase, Redemption and Pricing of Shares 94
Investor Account Services and Policies 100
Dividends, Distributions and Taxes 102
Performance Information 107
Financial Statements 108
Appendix A — Description of Ratings 109

 

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GLOSSARY

 

1933 Act The Securities Act of 1933, as amended
   
1940 Act The Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended
   
ACH Automated Clearing House, a nationwide electronic money transfer system that provides for the inter-bank clearing of credit and debit transactions and for the exchange of information among participating financial institutions
   
Administrator The Trust’s administrative agent, Virtus Fund Services, LLC
   
ADRs American Depositary Receipts
   
ADSs American Depositary Shares
   
Adviser The investment adviser to the Funds, Virtus Alternative Investment Advisers, Inc.
   
Armored Wolf Armored Wolf, LLC, a subadviser to the Alternative Inflation Solution Fund and the Alternative Total Solution Fund
   
Ascend Ascend Capital, LLC, a subadviser to the Alternative Total Solution Fund
   
Alternative Income Solution Fund Virtus Alternative Income Solution Fund
   
Alternative Inflation Solution Fund Virtus Alternative Inflation Solution Fund
   
Alternative Total Solution Fund Virtus Alternative Total Solution Fund
   
Bank of New York Mellon The Bank of New York Mellon, N.A., the custodian of the Funds’ assets
   
BNY Mellon BNY Mellon Investment Servicing (US) Inc., the sub-administrative and accounting agent for the Funds
   
Brigade Brigade Capital Management, LLC, a subadviser to each Fund except the Strategic Income Fund
   
CCO Chief Compliance Officer
   
CDRs Continental Depositary Receipts (another name for EDRs)
   
CDSC Contingent Deferred Sales Charge
   
CEA Commodity Exchange Act, which is the U.S. law governing trading in commodity futures
   
CFTC Commodity Futures Trading Commission, which is the U.S. regulator governing trading in commodity futures
   
Cliffwater Cliffwater Investments LLC, a subadviser to each Fund except the Strategic Income Fund
   
Code The Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, which is the law governing U.S. federal taxes
   
Credit Suisse Credit Suisse Asset Management, a subadviser to the Alternative Inflation Solution Fund
   
Custodian The custodian of the Funds’ assets, The Bank of New York Mellon, N.A.
   
Distributor The principal underwriter of shares of the Funds, VP Distributors, LLC
   
EDRs European Depositary Receipts (another name for CDRs)
   
ETFs Exchange-traded Funds
   
ETNs Exchange-traded Notes

 

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FHFA Federal Housing Finance Agency, an independent Federal agency that regulates FNMA, FHLMC and the twelve Federal Home Loan Banks
   
FHLMC Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation, also known as “Freddie Mac”, which is a government-sponsored corporation formerly owned by the twelve Federal Home Loan Banks and now owned entirely by private stockholders
   
FINRA Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, a self-regulatory organization with authority over registered broker-dealers operating in the United States, including VP Distributors
   
FNMA Federal National Mortgage Association, also known as “Fannie Mae”, which is a government-sponsored corporation owned entirely by private stockholders and subject to general regulation by the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development
   
Funds The series of the Trust discussed in this SAI
   
GDRs Global Depositary Receipts
   
GICs Guaranteed Investment Contracts
   
GNMA Government National Mortgage Association, also known as “Ginnie Mae”, which is a wholly-owned United States Government corporation within the Department of Housing and Urban Development
   
Graham Graham Capital Management, L.P., a subadviser to the Alternative Total Solution Fund
   
Harvest Harvest Fund Advisors LLC, a subadviser to each Fund except the Strategic Income Fund
   
ICE Canyon ICE Canyon LLC, a subadviser to the Alternative Income Solution Fund and the Alternative Total Solution Fund
   
IMF International Monetary Fund, an international organization seeking to promote international economic cooperation, international trade, employment and exchange rate stability, among other things
   
IRA Individual Retirement Account
   
IRS The United States Internal Revenue Service, which is the arm of the U.S. government that administers and enforces the Code
   
LaSalle LaSalle Investment Management Securities, LLC, a subadviser to each Fund except the Strategic Income Fund
   
Lazard Lazard Asset Management, LLC, a subadviser to each Fund except the Strategic Income Fund
   
LIBOR London Interbank Offering Rate, an interest rate at which banks can borrow funds, in marketable size, from other banks in the London interbank market
   
MAST MAST Capital Management, LLC, a subadviser to the Alternative Income Solution Fund and the Alternative Total Solution Fund
   
Moody’s Moody’s Investors Service, Inc.
   
NAV Net Asset Value, which is the per-share price of a Fund
   
Newfleet Newfleet Asset Management, LLC, subadviser to the Strategic Income Fund
   
NYSE New York Stock Exchange
   
OCC Options Clearing Corporation, the world’s largest equity derivatives clearing corporation

 

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Owl Creek Owl Creek Asset Management, L.P., a subadviser to the Alternative Total Solution Fund
   
PERLS Principal Exchange Rate Linked Securities
   
PNX Phoenix Life Insurance Company, which is the former parent company of Virtus Investment Partners, Inc., and certain of its corporate affiliates
   
Prospectuses The prospectuses for the Funds, as amended from time to time
   
PwC PricewaterhouseCoopers, LLP, the independent registered public accounting firm for the Trust
   
Regulations The Treasury Regulations promulgated under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended
RIC Regulated Investment Company, a designation under the Code indicating a U.S.-registered investment company meeting the specifications under the Code allowing the investment company to be exempt from paying U.S. federal income taxes
   
S&P Standard & Poor’s Corporation
   
S&P 500 ® Index The Standard & Poor’s 500 ® Index, which is a free-float market capitalization-weighted index of 500 of the largest U.S. companies, calculated on a total return basis with dividends reinvested
   
SAI This Statement of Additional Information
   
SEC U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission
   
SIFMA Securities Industry and Financial Markets Association (formerly, the Bond Market Association), a financial industry trade group consisting of broker-dealers and asset managers across the United States
   
SMBS Stripped Mortgage-backed Securities
   
Strategic Income Fund Virtus Strategic Income Fund
   
Transfer Agent The Trust’s transfer agent, Virtus Fund Services, LLC
   
Trust Virtus Alternative Solutions Trust
   
VAIA Virtus Alternative Investment Advisers, Inc., the Adviser to the Funds
   
Virtus Virtus Investment Partners, Inc., which is the parent company of the Adviser, Cliffwater, the Distributor, the Administrator/Transfer Agent and Virtus Partners, Inc.
   
Virtus Fund Services Virtus Fund Services, LLC, the Administrator/Transfer Agent to the Funds
   
Virtus Mutual Funds The family of funds consisting of the Funds, the series of Virtus Equity Trust, the series of Virtus Insight Trust and the series of Virtus Opportunities Trust
   
VP Distributors VP Distributors, LLC, the Distributor of shares of the Funds
   
VVIT Virtus Variable Insurance Trust, a separate trust consisting of several series advised by Virtus Investment Advisers, Inc., an affiliate of the Adviser, and distributed by VP Distributors
   
World Bank International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, an international financial institution that provides loans to developing countries for capital programs

 

GENERAL INFORMATION AND HISTORY

 

The Trust was incorporated as a Delaware statutory trust on October 21, 2013. The Trust has operated as an open-end management investment company since the date of this SAI.

 

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The Trust’s Prospectuses describe the investment objectives of the Funds and the strategies that each Fund will employ in seeking to achieve its investment objective. The respective investment objectives for each Fund are non-fundamental policies of the Funds and may be changed without shareholder approval upon 60 days notice. The following discussion supplements the disclosure in the Prospectuses.

 

Fund Investment Objective
Alternative Income Solution Fund The fund has an investment objective of maximizing current income while considering capital appreciation.
   
Alternative Inflation Solution Fund The fund has an investment objective of total return in excess of inflation.
   
Alternative Total Solution Fund The fund has an investment objective of long-term capital appreciation through investments that have a low correlation to traditional asset classes.
   
Strategic Income Fund The fund has an investment objective of seeking total return comprised of income and capital appreciation.

 

Capital Stock and Organization of the Trust

The capitalization of the Trust consists solely of an unlimited number of shares of beneficial interest. The Trust currently offers shares in different series called Funds and different classes of those Funds. Holders of shares of a Fund have equal rights with regard to voting, redemptions, dividends, distributions, and liquidations with respect to that Fund. Shareholders of all Funds vote on the election of Trustees. On matters affecting an individual Fund (such as approval of an investment advisory agreement or a change in fundamental investment policies) and also on matters affecting an individual class (such as approval of matters relating to a Plan of Distribution for a particular class of shares), a separate vote of that Fund or class is required. The Trust does not hold regular meetings of shareholders of the Funds. The Board of Trustees will call a meeting of shareholders of a Fund when at least 10% of the outstanding shares of that Fund so request in writing. If the Board of Trustees fails to call a meeting after being so notified, the shareholders may call the meeting. The Board of Trustees will assist the shareholders by identifying other shareholders or mailing communications, as required under Section 16(c) of the 1940 Act.

 

Shares are fully paid, nonassessable, redeemable and fully transferable when they are issued. Shares do not have cumulative voting rights, preemptive rights or subscription rights. The assets received by the Trust for the issue or sale of shares of each Fund, and any class thereof and all income, earnings, profits and proceeds thereof, are allocated to such Fund, and class, respectively, subject only to the rights of creditors, and constitute the underlying assets of such Fund or class. The underlying assets of each Fund are required to be segregated on the books of account, and are to be charged with the expenses in respect to such Fund and with a share of the general expenses of the Trust. Any general expenses of the Trust not readily identifiable as belonging to a particular Fund or class will be allocated by or under the direction of the Board of Trustees as it determines to be fair and equitable. The Trust is not bound to recognize any transfer of shares of a Fund or class until the transfer is recorded on the Trust’s books pursuant to policies and procedures of the Transfer Agent.

 

As a Delaware statutory trust, the Trust’s operations are governed by its Agreement and Declaration of Trust dated October 21, 2013. A copy of the Trust’s Certificate of Trust is on file with the Office of the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware, and a copy of the Trust’s Agreement and Declaration of Trust has been filed with the SEC as an exhibit to the Trust’s registration statement. Upon the initial purchase of shares, the shareholder agrees to be bound by the Trust’s Agreement and Declaration of Trust, as amended. Generally, Delaware statutory trust shareholders are not personally liable for obligations of the Delaware statutory trust under Delaware law. The Delaware Statutory Trust Act (the “Delaware Act”) provides that a shareholder of a Delaware statutory trust shall be entitled to the same limitation of liability extended to shareholders of private for-profit corporations. The Trust’s Agreement and Declaration of Trust expressly provides that the Trust has been organized under the Delaware Act and that the Declaration of Trust is to be governed by Delaware law. It is nevertheless possible that a Delaware statutory trust, such as the Trust, might become a party to an action in another state whose courts refused to apply Delaware law, in which case the Trust’s shareholders could be subject to personal liability. To guard against this risk, the Agreement and Declaration of Trust (i) contains an express disclaimer of shareholder liability for acts or obligations of the Trust and provides that notice of such disclaimer may be given in each agreement, obligation and instrument entered into or executed by the Trust or its Trustees, (ii) provides for the indemnification out of Trust property of any shareholders held personally liable for any obligations of the Trust or any series of the Trust and (iii) provides that the Trust shall, upon request, assume the defense of any claim made against any shareholder for any act or obligation of the Trust and satisfy any judgment thereon. Thus, the risk of a Trust shareholder incurring financial loss beyond his or her investment because of shareholder liability is limited to circumstances in which all of the following factors are present: (1) a court refused to apply Delaware law; (2) the liability arose under tort law or, if not, no contractual limitation of liability was in effect; and (3) the Trust itself would be unable to meet its obligations. In the light of Delaware law, the nature of the Trust’s business and the nature of its assets, the risk of personal liability to a Fund shareholder is remote.

 

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The Agreement and Declaration of Trust further provides that the Trust shall indemnify each of its Trustees and officers against liabilities and expenses reasonably incurred by them, in connection with, or arising out of, any action, suit or proceeding, threatened against or otherwise involving such Trustee or officer, directly or indirectly, by reason of being or having been a Trustee or officer of the Trust. The Agreement and Declaration of Trust does not authorize the Trust to indemnify any Trustee or officer against any liability to which he or she would otherwise be subject by reason of or for willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of such person’s duties.

 

Under the Agreement and Declaration of Trust, the Trust is not required to hold annual meetings to elect Trustees or for other purposes. It is not anticipated that the Trust will hold shareholders’ meetings unless required by law or the Declaration of Trust. The Trust will be required to hold a meeting to elect Trustees to fill any existing vacancies on the Board if, at any time, fewer than a majority of the Trustees have been elected by the shareholders of the Trust. The Board is required to call a meeting for the purpose of considering the removal of persons serving as Trustee if requested in writing to do so by the holders of not less than 10% of the outstanding shares of the Trust.

 

Shares of the Trust do not entitle their holders to cumulative voting rights, so that the holders of more than 50% of the outstanding shares of the Trust may elect all of the Trustees, in which case the holders of the remaining shares would not be able to elect any Trustees. As determined by the Trustees, shareholders are entitled to one vote for each dollar of NAV (number of shares held times the NAV of the applicable class of the applicable Fund).

 

Pursuant to the Agreement and Declaration of Trust, the Trustees may create additional funds by establishing additional series of shares in the Trust. The establishment of additional series would not affect the interests of current shareholders in the existing Funds. Pursuant to the Agreement and Declaration of Trust, the Trustees may establish and issue multiple classes of shares for each Fund.

 

Each share of each class of a Fund is entitled to such dividends and distributions out of the income earned on the assets belonging to that Fund which are attributable to such class as are declared in the discretion of the Trustees. In the event of the liquidation or dissolution of the Trust, shares of each class of each Fund are entitled to receive their proportionate share of the assets which are attributable to such class of such Fund and which are available for distribution as the Trustees in their sole discretion may determine. Shareholders are not entitled to any preemptive, conversion or subscription rights. All shares, when issued, will be fully paid and non-assessable by the Trust.

 

Subject to shareholder approval (if then required), the Trustees may authorize each Fund to invest all or part of its investable assets in a single open-end investment company that has substantially the same investment objectives, policies and restrictions as the Fund. As of the date of this SAI, the Trustees do not have any plan to authorize any Fund to so invest its assets.

 

Diversification of Funds

Each Fund is non-diversified under the 1940 Act with the exception of the Strategic Income Fund which is diversified under the 1940 Act. However, each Fund intends to diversify its assets to the extent necessary to qualify for tax treatment as a regulated investment company under the Code. (For information regarding qualification under the Code, see “Dividends, Distributions and Taxes” in this SAI.)

 

 

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Portfolio Turnover

The portfolio turnover rate of each Fund is calculated by dividing the lesser of purchases or sales of portfolio securities during the fiscal year by the monthly average of the value of the Fund’s securities (excluding all securities, including options, with maturities at the time of acquisition of one year or less). All long-term securities, including long-term U.S. Government securities, are included. A high rate of portfolio turnover generally involves correspondingly greater brokerage commission expenses, which must be borne directly by the Fund. Turnover rates may vary greatly from year to year as well as within a particular year and also may be affected by cash requirements for redemptions of each Fund’s shares by requirements that enable the Trust to receive certain favorable tax treatments. Because the Funds are newly organized, portfolio turnover information is not yet available. However, as of the date of this SAI each Fund is expected to be managed in a manner that is likely to result in a consistently high rate of portfolio turnover. The portfolio turnover rate for each Fund will appear in its summary prospectus and under “Financial Highlights” in the statutory prospectus.

 

Disclosure of Portfolio Holdings

The Trustees of the Trust have adopted policies with respect to the disclosure of the Funds’ portfolio holdings. These policies provide that the Funds’ portfolio holdings information generally may not be disclosed to any party prior to the information becoming public. Certain limited exceptions are described below. Additionally, the Funds’ policies prohibit Virtus and the Funds’ service providers from entering into any agreement to disclose Fund portfolio holdings in exchange for any form of compensation or consideration. These policies apply to disclosures to all categories of persons, including individual investors, institutional investors, intermediaries who sell shares of the Funds, third parties providing services to the Funds (accounting agent, print vendors, etc.), rating and ranking organizations (Lipper, Morningstar, etc.) and affiliated persons of the Funds.

 

The Board of Trustees has delegated to the Trust’s Administrator the authority to make decisions regarding requests for information on portfolio holdings prior to public disclosure. The Administrator generally carries out this duty through its chief compliance officer, in consultation with other officers representing various areas of management.

 

The Trust’s CCO is responsible for monitoring the use of portfolio holdings information, for the Funds’ compliance with these policies and for providing reports to the Board of Trustees regarding their compliance, including information with respect to any potential conflicts of interest between the interests of Fund shareholders and those of Virtus and its affiliates identified during the reporting period and how such conflicts were resolved.

 

 

Public Disclosures

In accordance with rules established by the SEC, each Fund sends semiannual and annual reports to shareholders that contain a full listing of portfolio holdings as of the second and fourth fiscal quarters, respectively, within 60 days of quarter end. The Funds also disclose complete portfolio holdings as of the end of the first and third fiscal quarters on Form N-Q, which is filed with the SEC within 60 days of quarter end. The Funds’ shareholder reports are available on Virtus’ Web site at virtus.com . The Funds also make publicly available on Virtus’ Web site a full listing of portfolio holdings as of the end of each quarter with a 60-day delay. The Funds also provide publicly-available portfolio holdings information directly to ratings agencies, the frequency and timing of which is determined under the terms of the contractual arrangements with such agencies, and may provide to financial intermediaries, upon request, monthly portfolio holdings for periods included in publicly-available quarterly portfolio holdings disclosures.

 

Other Disclosures

The Administrator may authorize the disclosure of non-public portfolio holdings information under certain limited circumstances. The Funds’ policies provide that non-public disclosures of a Funds’ portfolio holdings may only be made if (i) the Fund has a legitimate business purpose for making such disclosure and (ii) the party receiving the non-public information enters into a confidentiality agreement, which includes a duty not to trade on the non-public information. The Administrator will consider any actual or potential conflicts of interest between Virtus and the Funds’ shareholders and will act in the best interest of the Funds’ shareholders with respect to any such disclosure of portfolio holdings information. If a potential conflict can be resolved in a manner that does not present detrimental effects to the Funds’ shareholders, the Administrator may authorize release of portfolio holdings information. Conversely, if the potential conflict cannot be resolved in a manner that does not present detrimental effects to the Funds’ shareholders, the Administrator will not authorize such release.

 

Ongoing Arrangements to Disclose Portfolio Holdings

As previously authorized by the Funds’ Board of Trustees and/or the Funds’ Administrator, the Funds periodically disclose non-public portfolio holdings on a confidential basis to various service providers that require such information in order to assist the Funds in their day-to-day operations, as well as public information to certain ratings organizations. In addition to Virtus and its affiliates, the entities receiving non-public portfolio holdings as of the date of this SAI are described in the following table. The table also includes information as to the timing of these entities receiving the portfolio holdings information from the Funds.

 

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Non-Public Portfolio Holdings Information  

 

Type of Service Provider Name of Service Provider Timing of Release of Portfolio Holdings
Information
Adviser VAIA Daily, with no delay
Subadviser (Alternative Inflation Solution Fund and Alternative Total Solution Fund) Armored Wolf Daily, with no delay
Subadviser (Alternative Total Solution Fund) Ascend Daily, with no delay
Subadviser (Alternative Income Solution Fund, Alternative Inflation Solution Fund and Alternative Total Solution Fund) Brigade Daily, with no delay
Subadviser (Alternative Income Solution Fund, Alternative Inflation Solution Fund and Alternative Total Solution Fund) Cliffwater Daily, with no delay
Subadviser (Alternative Inflation Solution Fund) Credit Suisse Daily, with no delay
Subadviser (Alternative Total Solution Fund) Graham Daily, with no delay
Subadviser (Alternative Income Solution Fund, Alternative Inflation Solution Fund and Alternative Total Solution Fund) Harvest Daily, with no delay
Subadviser (Alternative Income Solution Fund and Alternative Total Solution Fund) ICE Canyon Daily, with no delay
Subadviser (Alternative Income Solution Fund, Alternative Inflation Solution Fund and Alternative Total Solution Fund) LaSalle Daily, with no delay
Subadviser (Alternative Income Solution Fund, Alternative Inflation Solution Fund and Alternative Total Solution Fund) Lazard Daily, with no delay
Subadviser (Alternative Income Solution Fund and Alternative Total Solution Fund) MAST Daily, with no delay
Subadviser (Strategic Income Fund) Newfleet Daily, with no delay
Subadviser (Alternative Total Solution Fund) Owl Creek Daily, with no delay
Administrator Virtus Fund Services Daily, with no delay
Distributor VP Distributors Daily, with no delay
Custodian Bank of New York Mellon Daily, with no delay
Sub-Financial Agent BNY Mellon Daily, with no delay
Risk Reporting Services Provider Blackrock Financial Management, Inc. Daily, with no delay
Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm PwC Annual Reporting Period, within 15 business days of end of reporting period Semiannual Reporting Period, within 31 business days of end of reporting period
Typesetting and Printing Firm for Financial Reports R.R. Donnelley & Sons Co. Quarterly, within 15 days of end of reporting period
Proxy Voting Service ISS Daily, with no delay
Performance Analytics Firm FactSet Research Systems, Inc Daily, with no delay
TV Financial Markets Talk Shows CNBC Monthly for holdings over 1% of issuer equity, in aggregate*
Class Action Provider Battea-Class Action Services, LLC Daily, with no delay
Backend Compliance Monitoring System Financial Tracking Daily, with no delay
Middle  Office Services for  Armored Wolf (Alternative Inflation Solution Fund and Alternative Total Solution Fund) BNY Mellon Daily, with no delay
Reconciliation  Processing for Ascend (Alternative Total Solution Fund) Indus Valley Partners (India)  Pvt Ltd Daily, with no delay
3rd Party Administrator for Brigade (Alternative Income Solution Fund, Alternative Inflation Solution Fund and Alternative Total Solution Fund) SS&C Technologies Daily, with no delay
Employee  Compliance Software for Brigade (Alternative Income Solution Fund, Alternative Inflation Solution Fund and Alternative Total Solution Fund) HedgeOp compliance, LLC doing business as Cordium Weekly
Reconciliation  Processing  for Credit Suisse  (Alternative Inflation Solution Fund) Citibank N.A. Daily, with no delay

 

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Type of Service Provider Name of Service Provider Timing of Release of Portfolio Holdings
Information
3rd Party Administrator for Graham (Alternative Total Solution Fund) SEI Global Services, Inc. Daily, with no delay
3rd Party Administrator for Harvest (Alternative Income Solution Fund, Alternative Inflation Solution Fund and Alternative Total Solution Fund) Wells Fargo Prime Services LLC Daily, with no delay
Reconciliation  Processing for LaSalle (Alternative Income Solution Fund, Alternative Inflation Solution Fund and Alternative Total Solution Fund) Electra Information Systems, Inc. Daily, with no delay
3rd Party Administrator  for Lazard (Alternative Income Solution Fund, Alternative Inflation Solution Fund and Alternative Total Solution Fund) State Street Investment Manager Services Daily, with no delay
Risk and Order Management System for Lazard (Alternative Income Solution Fund, Alternative Inflation Solution Fund and Alternative Total Solution Fund) Kynex Daily, with no delay

 

Public Portfolio Holdings Information  

 

Portfolio Redistribution Firms Bloomberg, Standard & Poor’s and Thomson Reuters Quarterly, 60 days after fiscal quarter end
Rating Agencies Lipper Inc. and Morningstar Quarterly, 60 days after fiscal quarter end
Virtus Public Web site Virtus Investment Partners, Inc. Quarterly, 60 days after fiscal quarter end

 

 

 

* A Virtus officer or representative may, from time to time, appear as host or guest of various programming. CNBC requires certain holdings disclosure in order to monitor potential conflicts of interest.

 

These service providers are required to keep all non-public information confidential and are prohibited from trading based on the information or otherwise using the information except as necessary in providing services to the Funds. There is no guarantee that the Funds’ policies on use and dissemination of holdings information will protect the Funds from the potential misuse of holdings by individuals or firms in possession of such information.

  

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Other Virtus Mutual Funds

In addition to the Funds of the Trust, the funds commonly referred to as “Virtus Mutual Funds” also include the series of Virtus Equity Trust, Virtus Insight Trust and Virtus Opportunities Trust, although the other Trusts represented in the Virtus Mutual Funds are overseen by a different board of trustees than the Board of Trustees of the Trust. Virtus Mutual Funds are generally offered in multiple classes. The following chart shows the share classes offered by each Virtus Mutual Fund other than the Funds, as of the date of this SAI:

 

    Class/Shares
Trust Fund A B C I T
Virtus Equity Trust Virtus Balanced Fund X X X    
  Virtus Growth & Income Fund X   X X  
  Virtus Mid-Cap Core Fund X   X X  
  Virtus Mid-Cap Growth Fund X X X X  
  Virtus Mid-Cap Value Fund X   X X  
  Virtus Quality Large-Cap Value Fund X   X X  
  Virtus Quality Small-Cap Fund X   X X  
  Virtus Small-Cap Core Fund X   X X  
  Virtus Small-Cap Sustainable Growth Fund X   X X  
  Virtus Strategic Growth Fund X X X X  
  Virtus Tactical Allocation Fund X X X    
             
Virtus Insight Trust Emerging Markets Opportunities Fund X   X X  
  Insight Government Money Market Fund X     X  
  Insight Money Market Fund X     X  
  Insight Tax-Exempt Money Market Fund X     X  
  Low Duration Income Fund X   X X  
  Tax-Exempt Bond Fund X   X X  
             
Virtus Opportunities Trust Allocator Premium AlphaSector ® Fund X   X X  
  AlphaSector ® Rotation Fund X   X X  
  Alternatives Diversifier Fund X   X X  
  Bond Fund X X X X  
  CA Tax-Exempt Bond Fund X     X  
  Disciplined Equity Style Fund X   X X  
  Disciplined Select Bond Fund X   X X  
  Disciplined Select Country Fund X   X X  
  Dynamic AlphaSector ® Fund X X X    
  Emerging Markets Debt Fund X   X X  
  Emerging Markets Equity Income Fund X   X X  
  Emerging Markets Equity Small-Cap Fund X   X X  
  Foreign Opportunities Fund X   X X  
  Global Commodities Stock Fund X   X X  
  Global Dividend Fund X   X X  
  Global Opportunities Fund X X X X  
  Global Premium AlphaSector ® Fund X   X X  
  Global Real Estate Securities Fund X   X X  
  Greater European Opportunities Fund X   X X  
  Herzfeld Fund X   X X  
  High Yield Fund X X X X  
  International Equity Fund X   X X  
  International Real Estate Securities Fund X   X X  
  International Small-Cap Fund X   X X  
  Low Volatility Equity Fund X   X X  
  Multi-Sector Intermediate Bond Fund X X X    
  Multi-Sector Short Term Bond Fund X X X X X
  Premium AlphaSector ® Fund X   X X  
  Real Estate Securities Fund X X X X  
  Senior Floating Rate Fund X   X X  
  Wealth Masters Fund X   X X  

 

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MORE INFORMATION ABOUT FUND INVESTMENT STRATEGIES & RELATED RISKS

 

The following investment strategies and policies supplement each Fund’s investment strategies and policies set forth in the Funds’ prospectuses. Some of the investment strategies and policies described below and in each Fund’s prospectus set forth percentage limitations on a Fund’s investment in, or holdings of, certain types of investments. Unless otherwise required by law or stated in this SAI, compliance with these strategies and policies will be determined immediately after the acquisition of such investments by the Fund. Subsequent changes in values, net assets, or other circumstances will not be considered when determining whether the investment complies with the Fund’s investment strategies and policies.

 

Investment
Technique
  Description and Risks   Fund-Specific Limitations
         
Commodities-
Related Investing Risk
  Commodity-related companies may underperform the stock market as a whole. The value of securities issued by commodity-related companies may be affected by factors affecting a particular industry or commodity. The operations and financial performance of commodity-related companies may be directly affected by commodity prices, especially those commodity-related companies that own the underlying commodity. The stock prices of such companies may also experience greater price volatility than other types of common stocks. Securities issued by commodity-related companies are sensitive to changes in the supply and demand for, and thus the prices of, commodities. Volatility of commodity prices, which may lead to a reduction in production or supply, may also negatively impact the performance of commodity and natural resources companies that are solely involved in the transportation, processing, storing, distribution or marketing of commodities. Volatility of commodity prices may also make it more difficult for commodity-related companies to raise capital to the extent the market perceives that their performance may be directly or indirectly tied to commodity prices.    
         
    Certain types of commodities instruments (such as commodity-linked notes) are subject to the risk that the counterparty to the instrument will not perform or will be unable to perform in accordance with the terms of the instrument.    
         
      Exposure to commodities and commodities markets may subject the Fund to greater volatility than investments in traditional securities. No active trading market may exist for certain commodities investments, which may impair the ability of the Fund to sell or to realize the full value of such investments in the event of the need to liquidate such investments. In addition, adverse market conditions may impair the liquidity of actively traded commodities investments.    

 

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Investment
Technique
  Description and Risks   Fund-Specific Limitations
         
Commodity Interests   Certain of the derivative investment types permitted for the Funds may be considered commodity interests for purposes of the CEA and regulations approved by the CFTC. Investing in commodity interests, outside of certain conditions required to qualify for exemption or exclusion, will cause a Fund to be deemed a commodity pool, thereby subjecting the Fund to regulation under the CEA and CFTC rules. In that event, the Adviser will be registered as a Commodity Pool Operator, certain of the Fund’s Subadvisers will be registered as Commodity Trading Advisers, and the Fund will be operated in accordance with CFTC rules. Because of the applicable registration requirements and rules, investing the Fund’s assets in commodity interests could cause the fund to incur additional expenses. Alternatively, to the extent that a Fund limits its exposure to commodity interests in order to qualify for exemption from being considered a commodity pool, the Fund’s use of investment techniques described in its Prospectus and this SAI may be limited or restricted.   As of the date of this SAI, each of Alternative Income Solution Fund and Alternative Inflation Solution Fund intends to limit the use of such investment types as required to qualify for exclusion or exemption from being considered a “commodity pool” or otherwise as a vehicle for trading in commodity interests under such regulations, and each Fund has filed a notice of exclusion under CFTC Regulation 4.5 or exemption under CFTC Regulation 4.13(a)(3); however, Alternative Total Solution Fund intends to be treated as a commodity pool subject to regulation under the CEA and CFTC rules, the Adviser is registered as a Commodity Pool Operator with respect to the Fund and its subsidiary, and certain of the Fund’s subadvisers are registered as Commodity Trading Advisers with respect to the Fund and, as applicable, its subsidiary.
         
Debt Investing   Each Fund may invest in debt, or fixed income, securities. Debt, or fixed income, securities (which include corporate bonds, commercial paper, debentures, notes, government securities, municipal obligations, state- or state agency-issued obligations, obligations of foreign issuers, asset-or mortgage-backed securities, and other obligations) are used by issuers to borrow money and thus are debt obligations of the issuer. Holders of debt securities are creditors of the issuer, normally ranking ahead of holders of both common and preferred stock as to dividends or upon liquidation. The issuer usually pays a fixed, variable, or floating rate of interest and must repay the amount borrowed at the security’s maturity. Some debt securities, such as zero-coupon securities (discussed below), do not pay interest but are sold at a deep discount from their face value.    

 

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Investment
Technique
  Description and Risks   Fund-Specific Limitations
         
    Yields on debt securities depend on a variety of factors, including the general conditions of the money, bond, and note markets, the size of a particular offering, the maturity date of the obligation, and the rating of the issue. Debt securities with longer maturities tend to produce higher yields and are generally subject to greater price fluctuations in response to changes in market conditions than obligations with shorter maturities. An increase in interest rates generally will reduce the market value of portfolio debt securities, while a decline in interest rates generally will increase the value of the same securities. The achievement of a Fund’s investment objective depends in part on the continuing ability of the issuers of the debt securities in which the Fund invests to meet their obligations for the payment of principal and interest when due. Obligations of issuers of debt securities are subject to the provisions of bankruptcy, insolvency, sovereign immunity, and other laws that affect the rights and remedies of creditors. There is also the possibility that, as a result of litigation or other conditions, the ability of an issuer to pay, when due, the principal of and interest on its debt securities may be materially affected.    
         
Convertible Securities   A convertible security is a bond, debenture, note, or other security that entitles the holder to acquire common stock or other equity securities of the same or a different issuer within a particular period of time at a specific price or formula. It generally entitles the holder to receive interest paid or accrued until the security matures or is redeemed, converted, or exchanged. Convertible securities have several unique investment characteristics such as (1) higher yields than common stocks, but lower yields than comparable nonconvertible securities, (2) a lesser degree of fluctuation in value then the underlying stock since they have fixed income characteristics and (3) the potential for capital appreciation if the market price of the underlying common stock increases.    
         
    Before conversion, convertible securities have characteristics similar to nonconvertible debt securities. Convertible securities rank senior to common stock in a corporation’s capital structure and, therefore, generally entail less risk than the corporation’s common stock, although the extent to which this is true depends in large measure on the degree to which the convertible security sells above its value as a fixed income security. However, because convertible securities are usually viewed by the issuer as future common stock, they are generally subordinated to other senior securities and therefore are rated one category lower than the issuer’s non-convertible debt obligations or preferred stock.    
         
    A convertible security may be subject to redemption or conversion at the option of the issuer at a predetermined price. If a convertible security held by the Fund is called for redemption, the Fund could be required to permit the issuer to redeem the security and convert it to the underlying common stock. The Fund generally would invest in convertible securities for their favorable price characteristics and total return potential, and would normally not exercise an option to convert. The Fund might be more willing to convert such securities to common stock.    

 

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Investment
Technique
  Description and Risks   Fund-Specific Limitations
         
    A Fund’s subadviser will select only those convertible securities for which it believes (a) the underlying common stock is a suitable investment for the Fund and (b) a greater potential for total return exists by purchasing the convertible security because of its higher yield and/or favorable market valuation. However, the Fund may invest in convertible debt securities rated less than investment grade. Debt securities rated less than investment grade are commonly referred to as “junk bonds.” (For information about debt securities rated less than investment grade, see “High Yield-High Risk (Junk Bonds) Securities” under “Debt Investing” in this section of the SAI; for additional information about ratings on debt obligations, see Appendix A to this SAI.)    
         
Corporate Debt Securities   Each Fund may invest in debt securities issued by corporations, limited partnerships and other similar entities. A Fund’s investments in debt securities of domestic or foreign corporate issuers include bonds, debentures, notes and other similar corporate debt instruments, including convertible securities that meet the Fund’s minimum ratings criteria or if unrated are, in the Fund’s subadviser’s opinion, comparable in quality to corporate debt securities that meet those criteria. The rate of return or return of principal on some debt obligations may be linked or indexed to the level of exchange rates between the U.S. dollar and a foreign currency or currencies or to the value of commodities, such as gold.    
         
Dollar-denominated Foreign Debt Securities (“Yankee Bonds”)   Each Fund may invest in “Yankee bonds”, which are dollar-denominated instruments issued in the U.S. market by foreign branches of U.S. banks and U.S. branches of foreign banks. Since these instruments are dollar-denominated, they are not affected by variations in currency exchange rates. They are influenced primarily by interest rate levels in the United States and by the financial condition of the issuer, or of the issuer’s foreign parent. However, investing in these instruments may present a greater degree of risk than investing in domestic securities, due to less publicly available information, less securities regulation, war or expropriation. Special considerations may include higher brokerage costs and thinner trading markets. Investments in foreign countries could be affected by other factors including extended settlement periods. (See “Foreign Investing” in this section of the SAI for additional information about investing in foreign countries.)    
         
Duration   Duration is a time measure of a bond’s interest-rate sensitivity, based on the weighted average of the time periods over which a bond’s cash flows accrue to the bondholder. Time periods are weighted by multiplying by the present value of its cash flow divided by the bond’s price. (A bond’s cash flows consist of coupon payments and repayment of capital.) A bond’s duration will almost always be shorter than its maturity, with the exception of zero-coupon bonds, for which maturity and duration are equal.    
         
Exchange-
Traded Notes (ETNs)
  ETNs are senior, unsecured, unsubordinated debt securities whose returns are linked to the performance of a particular market benchmark or strategy minus applicable fees. ETNs are traded on an exchange during normal trading hours. However, investors can also hold the ETN until maturity. At maturity, the issuer pays to the investor a cash amount equal to the principal amount, subject to the day’s market benchmark or strategy factor.    

 

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Investment
Technique
  Description and Risks   Fund-Specific Limitations
         
    ETNs do not make periodic coupon payments or provide principal protection. ETNs are subject to credit risk, and the value of the ETN may drop due to a downgrade in the issuer’s credit rating, despite the underlying market benchmark or strategy remaining unchanged. The value of an ETN may also be influenced by time to maturity, level of supply and demand for the ETN, volatility and lack of liquidity in underlying assets, changes in the applicable interest rates, changes in the issuer’s credit rating, and economic, legal, political, or geographic events that affect the referenced underlying asset. When a Fund invests in ETNs it will bear its proportionate share of any fees and expenses borne by the ETN. The Fund’s decision to sell its ETN holdings may be limited by the availability of a secondary market. In addition, although an ETN may be listed on an exchange, the issuer may not be required to maintain the listing, and there can be no assurance that a secondary market will exist for an ETN.    
         
    ETNs are also subject to tax risk. No assurance can be given that the IRS will accept, or a court will uphold, how a Fund characterizes and treats ETNs for tax purposes. Further, the IRS and Congress are considering proposals that would change the timing and character of income and gains from ETNs.    
         
    An ETN that is tied to a specific market benchmark or strategy may not be able to replicate and maintain exactly the composition and relative weighting of securities, commodities or other components in the applicable market benchmark or strategy. Some ETNs that use leverage can, at times, be relatively illiquid and, thus, they may be difficult to purchase or sell at a fair price. Leveraged ETNs are subject to the same risks as other instruments that use leverage in any form.    
         
    The market value of ETN shares may differ from that of their market benchmark or strategy. This difference in price may be due to the fact that the supply and demand in the market for ETN shares at any point in time is not always identical to the supply and demand in the market for the securities, commodities or other components underlying the market benchmark or strategy that the ETN seeks to track. As a result, there may be times when an ETN share trades at a premium or discount to its market benchmark or strategy.     
         
High-Yield, High-Risk Fixed Income Securities   Investments in securities rated “BB” or below by S&P or Fitch, or “Ba” or below by Moody’s generally provide greater income (leading to the name “high-yield” securities) and opportunity for capital appreciation than investments in higher quality securities, but they also typically entail greater price volatility, liquidity, and principal and income risk. These securities are regarded as predominantly speculative as to the issuer’s continuing ability to meet principal and interest payment obligations. Analysis of the creditworthiness of issuers of lower-quality debt securities may be more complex than for issuers of higher-quality debt securities.    

 

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Investment
Technique
  Description and Risks   Fund-Specific Limitations
         
    Interest-bearing securities typically experience appreciation when interest rates decline and depreciation when interest rates rise. The market values of low-rated securities tend to reflect individual corporate developments to a greater extent than do higher-rated securities, which react primarily to fluctuations in the general level of interest rates. Low-rated securities also tend to be more sensitive to economic conditions than higher-rated securities. As a result, they generally involve more credit risks than securities in the higher-rated categories. During an economic downturn or a sustained period of rising interest rates, highly leveraged issuers of low-rated securities may experience financial stress and may not have sufficient revenues to meet their payment obligations. The issuer’s ability to service its debt obligations may also be adversely affected by specific corporate developments, the issuer’s inability to meet specific projected business forecasts or the unavailability of additional financing. The risk of loss due to default by an issuer of low-rated securities is significantly greater than issuers of higher-rated securities because such securities are generally unsecured and are often subordinated to other creditors. Further, if the issuer of a low-rated security defaulted, the applicable Fund might incur additional expenses in seeking recovery. Periods of economic uncertainty and changes would also generally result in increased volatility in the market prices of low-rated securities and thus in the applicable Fund’s NAV.    
         
    Low-rated securities typically contain redemption, call or prepayment provisions which permit the issuer of the securities containing such provisions to, at its discretion, redeem the securities. During periods of falling interest rates, issuers of low-rated securities are likely to redeem or prepay the securities and refinance them with debt securities with a lower interest rate. To the extent an issuer is able to refinance the securities or otherwise redeem them, the applicable Fund may have to replace the securities with a lower yielding security which would result in lower returns for the Fund.    
         
    A Fund may have difficulty disposing of certain low-rated securities because there may be a thin trading market for such securities. Because not all dealers maintain markets in all low-rated securities, there is no established retail secondary market for many of these securities. The Funds anticipate that such securities could be sold only to a limited number of dealers or institutional investors. To the extent a secondary trading market does exist, it is generally not as liquid as the secondary market for higher-rated securities. The lack of a liquid secondary market may have an adverse impact on the market price of the security, and accordingly, the NAV of a particular Fund and its ability to dispose of particular securities when necessary to meet its liquidity needs, or in response to a specific economic event, or an event such as a deterioration in the creditworthiness of the issuer. The lack of a liquid secondary market for certain securities may also make it more difficult for the Fund to obtain accurate market quotations for purposes of valuing its respective portfolio. Market quotations are generally available on many low-rated issues only from a limited number of dealers and may not necessarily represent firm bids of such dealers or prices for actual sales. During periods of thin trading, the spread between bid and asked prices is likely to increase significantly. In addition, adverse publicity and investor perceptions, whether or not based on fundamental analysis, may decrease the values and liquidity of low-rated securities, especially in a thinly-traded market. If a Fund experiences unexpected net redemptions, it may be forced to liquidate a portion of its portfolio securities without regard to their investment merits. Due to the limited liquidity of low-rated securities, the Fund may be forced to liquidate these securities at a substantial discount. Any such liquidation would reduce the Fund’s asset base over which expenses could be allocated and could result in a reduced rate of return for the Fund.    

 

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Investment
Technique
  Description and Risks   Fund-Specific Limitations
         
Inverse Floating Rate Obligations   Certain variable rate securities pay interest at a rate that varies inversely to prevailing short-term interest rates (sometimes referred to as inverse floaters). For example, upon reset the interest rate payable on a security may go down when the underlying index has risen. During periods when short-term interest rates are relatively low as compared to long-term interest rates, the Fund may attempt to enhance its yield by purchasing inverse floaters. Certain inverse floaters may have an interest rate reset mechanism that multiplies the effects of changes in the underlying index. While this form of leverage may increase the security’s yield, it may also increase the volatility of the security’s market value.    
         
    Similar to other variable and floating rate obligations, effective use of inverse floaters requires skills different from those needed to select most portfolio securities. If movements in interest rates are incorrectly anticipated, a Fund holding these instruments could lose money and its NAV could decline.    
         
Letters of Credit   Debt obligations, including municipal obligations, certificates of participation, commercial paper and other short-term obligations, may be backed by an irrevocable letter of credit of a bank that assumes the obligation for payment of principal and interest in the event of default by the issuer. Only banks that, in the opinion of the relevant Fund’s subadviser, are of investment quality comparable to other permitted investments of the Fund may be used for Letter of Credit-backed investments.    
         
Loan and Debt Participations and Assignments   A loan participation agreement involves the purchase of a share of a loan made by a bank to a company in return for a corresponding share of the borrower’s principal and interest payments. Loan participations of the type in which the Fund may invest include interests in both secured and unsecured corporate loans. When a Fund purchases loan assignments from lenders, it will acquire direct rights against the borrower, but these rights and the Fund’s obligations may differ from, and be more limited than, those held by the assignment lender. The principal credit risk associated with acquiring loan participation and assignment interests is the credit risk associated with the underlying corporate borrower. There is also a risk that there may not be a readily available market for participation loan interests and, in some cases, this could result in the Fund disposing of such securities at a substantial discount from face value or holding such securities until maturity.    

 

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Investment
Technique
  Description and Risks   Fund-Specific Limitations
         
    In the event that a corporate borrower failed to pay its scheduled interest or principal payments on participations held by the Fund, the market value of the affected participation would decline, resulting in a loss of value of such investment to the Fund. Accordingly, such participations are speculative and may result in the income level and net assets of the Fund being reduced. Moreover, loan participation agreements generally limit the right of a participant to resell its interest in the loan to a third party and, as a result, loan participations may be deemed by the Fund to be illiquid investments. A Fund will invest only in participations with respect to borrowers whose creditworthiness is, or is determined by the Fund’s subadviser to be, substantially equivalent to that of issuers whose senior unsubordinated debt securities are rated B or higher by Moody’s or  S&P. For the purposes of diversification and/or concentration calculations, both the borrower and issuer will be considered an “issuer.”    
         
    The Funds may purchase from banks participation interests in all or part of specific holdings of debt obligations. Each participation interest is backed by an irrevocable letter of credit or guarantee of the selling bank that the relevant Fund’s subadviser has determined meets the prescribed quality standards of the Fund. Thus, even if the credit of the issuer of the debt obligation does not meet the quality standards of the Fund, the credit of the selling bank will.    
         
    Loan participations and assignments may be illiquid and therefore subject to the Funds’ limitations on investments in illiquid securities. (See “Illiquid and Restricted Securities” in this section of the SAI.)    
         
Municipal Securities and Related Investments   Tax-exempt municipal securities are debt obligations issued by the various states and their subdivisions (e.g., cities, counties, towns, and school districts) to raise funds, generally for various public improvements requiring long-term capital investment. Purposes for which tax-exempt bonds are issued include flood control, airports, bridges and highways, housing, medical facilities, schools, mass transportation and power, water or sewage plants, as well as others. Tax-exempt bonds also are occasionally issued to retire outstanding obligations, to obtain funds for operating expenses or to loan to other public or, in some cases, private sector organizations or to individuals.    
         
    Yields on municipal securities are dependent on a variety of factors, including the general conditions of the money market and the municipal bond market, the size of a particular offering, the maturity of the obligations and the rating of the issue. Municipal securities with longer maturities tend to produce higher yields and are generally subject to potentially greater capital appreciation and depreciation than obligations with shorter maturities and lower yields. The market prices of municipal securities usually vary, depending upon available yields. An increase in interest rates will generally reduce the value of portfolio investments, and a decline in interest rates will generally increase the value of portfolio investments. The ability of the Fund to achieve its investment objective is also dependent on the continuing ability of the issuers of municipal securities in which the Fund invests to meet their obligations for the payment of interest and principal when due. The ratings of Moody’s and S&P’s represent their opinions as to the quality of municipal securities which they undertake to rate. Ratings are not absolute standards of quality; consequently, municipal securities with the same maturity, coupon, and rating may have different yields. There are variations in municipal securities, both within a particular classification and between classifications, depending on numerous factors. It should also be pointed out that, unlike other types of investments, municipal securities have traditionally not been subject to regulation by, or registration with, the SEC, although there have been proposals which would provide for such regulation in the future.    

 

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Investment
Technique
  Description and Risks   Fund-Specific Limitations
         
    The federal bankruptcy statutes relating to the debts of political subdivisions and authorities of states of the United States provide that, in certain circumstances, such subdivisions or authorities may be authorized to initiate bankruptcy proceedings without prior notice to or consent of creditors, which proceedings could result in material and adverse changes in the rights of holders of their obligations.    
         
    Lawsuits challenging the validity under state constitutions of present systems of financing public education have been initiated or adjusted in a number of states, and legislation has been introduced to effect changes in public school financing in some states. In other instances there have been lawsuits challenging the issuance of pollution control revenue bonds or the validity of their issuance under state or federal law which could ultimately affect the validity of those municipal securities or the tax-free nature of the interest thereon.    
         
    Descriptions of some of the municipal securities and related investment types most commonly acquired by the Funds are provided below. In addition to those shown, other types of municipal investments are, or may become, available for investment by the Funds. For the purpose of each Fund’s investment restrictions set forth in this SAI, the identification of the “issuer” of a municipal security which is not a general obligation bond is made by the applicable Fund’s subadviser on the basis of the characteristics of the obligation, the most significant of which is the source of funds for the payment of principal and interest on such security.    
         
Municipal Bonds   Municipal bonds, which meet longer-term capital needs and generally have maturities of more than one year when issued, have two principal classifications: general obligation bonds and revenue bonds. Another type of municipal bond is referred to as an industrial development bond.    
         
General Obligation Bonds   Issuers of general obligation bonds include states, counties, cities, towns, and regional districts. The proceeds of these obligations are used to fund a wide range of public projects, including construction or improvement of schools, highways and roads, and water and sewer systems. The basic security behind general obligation bonds is the issuer’s pledge of its full faith and credit and taxing power for the payment of principal and interest. The taxes that can be levied for the payment of debt service may be limited or unlimited as to the rate or amount of special assessments.    

 

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Investment
Technique
  Description and Risks   Fund-Specific Limitations
         
Industrial Development Bonds   Industrial development bonds, which are considered municipal bonds if the interest paid is exempt from Federal income tax, are issued by or on behalf of public authorities to raise money to finance various privately operated facilities for business and manufacturing, housing, sports arenas and pollution control. These bonds are also used to finance public facilities such as airports, mass transit systems, ports and parking. The payment of the principal and interest on such bonds is dependent solely on the ability of the facility’s user to meet its financial obligations and the pledge, if any, of real and personal property so financed as security for such payment.    
         
Revenue Bonds   The principal security for a revenue bond is generally the net revenues derived from a particular facility, group of facilities, or, in some cases, the proceeds of a special excise or other specific revenue source. Revenue bonds are issued to finance a wide variety of capital projects including: electric, gas, water and sewer systems; highways, bridges, and tunnels; port and airport facilities; colleges and universities; and hospitals. Although the principal security behind these bonds may vary, many provide additional security in the form of a debt service reserve fund whose money may be used to make principal and interest payments on the issuer’s obligations. Housing finance authorities have a wide range of security; including partially or fully insured mortgages, rent subsidized and/or collateralized mortgages, and/or the net revenues from housing or other public projects. Some authorities provide further security in the form of a state’s ability (without obligation) to make up deficiencies in the debt service reserve fund.    
         
Municipal Leases   Each Fund may acquire participations in lease obligations or installment purchase contract obligations (hereinafter collectively called “lease obligations”) of municipal authorities or entities. Although lease obligations do not constitute general obligations of the municipality for which the municipality’s taxing power is pledged, a lease obligation may be backed by the municipality’s covenant to budget for, appropriate, and make the payments due under the lease obligation. However, certain lease obligations contain “non-appropriation” clauses which provide that the municipality has no obligation to make lease or installment purchase payments in future years unless money is appropriated for such purpose on a yearly basis. In addition to the “non-appropriation” risk, these securities represent a relatively new type of financing that has not yet developed the depth of marketability associated with more conventional bonds. In the case of a “non-appropriation” lease, the Fund’s ability to recover under the lease in the event of non-appropriation or default will be limited solely to the repossession of the leased property in the event foreclosure might prove difficult. The Fund’s subadviser will evaluate the credit quality of a municipal lease and whether it will be considered liquid. (See “Illiquid and Restricted Investments” in this section of the SAI for information regarding the implications of these investments being considered illiquid.)    

 

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Investment
Technique
  Description and Risks   Fund-Specific Limitations
         
Municipal Notes   Municipal notes generally are used to provide for short-term working capital needs and generally have maturities of one year or less. Municipal notes include bond anticipation notes, construction loan notes, revenue anticipation notes and tax anticipation notes.    
         
Bond Anticipation Notes   Bond anticipation notes are issued to provide interim financing until long-term financing can be arranged. In most cases, the long-term bonds then provide the money for the repayment of the notes.    
         
Construction Loan Notes   Construction loan notes are sold to provide construction financing. After successful completion and acceptance, many projects receive permanent financing through FNMA or GNMA.    
         
Revenue Anticipation Notes   Revenue anticipation notes are issued in expectation of receipt of other types of revenue, such as Federal revenues available under Federal revenue sharing programs.    
         
Tax Anticipation Notes   Tax anticipation notes are issued to finance working capital needs of municipalities. Generally, they are issued in anticipation of various seasonal tax revenue, such as income, sales, use and business taxes, and are payable from these specific future taxes.    
         
Tax-Exempt Commercial Paper   Tax-exempt commercial paper is a short-term obligation with a stated maturity of 365 days or less. It is issued by state and local governments or their agencies to finance seasonal working capital needs or as short-term financing in anticipation of longer-term financing.    
         
Participation on Creditors' Committees   While the Funds do not invest in securities to exercise control over the securities’ issuers, each Fund may from time to time participate on committees formed by creditors to negotiate with the management of financially troubled issuers of securities held by the Fund. Such participation may subject the relevant Fund to expenses such as legal fees and may make the Fund an “insider” of the issuer for purposes of the Federal securities laws, and therefore may restrict the Fund’s ability to purchase or sell a particular security when it might otherwise desire to do so. Participation by a Fund on such committees also may expose the Fund to potential liabilities under the federal bankruptcy laws or other laws governing the rights of creditors and debtors. A Fund will participate on such committees only when the Fund’s subadviser believes that such participation is necessary or desirable to enforce the Fund’s rights as a creditor or to protect the value of securities held by the Fund.    

 

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Investment
Technique
  Description and Risks   Fund-Specific Limitations
         
Payable in Kind (“PIK”) Bonds   PIK bonds are obligations which provide that the issuer thereof may, at its option, pay interest on such bonds in cash or “in kind”, which means in the form of additional debt securities. Such securities benefit the issuer by mitigating its need for cash to meet debt service, but also require a higher rate of return to attract investors who are willing to defer receipt of such cash. The Funds will accrue income on such investments for tax and accounting purposes, which is distributable to shareholders and which, because no cash is received at the time of accrual, may require the liquidation of other portfolio securities to satisfy the Funds’ distribution obligations. The market prices of PIK bonds generally are more volatile than the market prices of securities that pay interest periodically, and they are likely to respond to changes in interest rates to a greater degree than would otherwise similar bonds on which regular cash payments of interest are being made.    
         
Ratings   The rating or quality of a debt security refers to the issuer’s creditworthiness, i.e. , its ability to pay principal and interest when due. Higher ratings indicate better credit quality, as rated by independent rating organizations such as Moody’s, S&P or Fitch, which publish their ratings on a regular basis. Appendix A provides a description of the various ratings provided for bonds (including convertible bonds), municipal bonds, and commercial paper.    
         
    After a Fund purchase a debt security, the rating of that security may be reduced below the minimum rating acceptable for purchase by the Fund. A subsequent downgrade does not require the sale of the security, but the Fund’s subadviser will consider such an event in determining whether to continue to hold the obligation. To the extent that ratings established by Moody’s or S&P may change as a result of changes in such organizations or their rating systems, a Fund will invest in securities which are deemed by the Fund’s subadviser to be of comparable quality to securities whose current ratings render them eligible for purchase by the Fund.    
         
    Credit ratings issued by credit rating agencies evaluate the safety of principal and interest payments of rated securities. They do not, however, evaluate the market-value risk of low-rated securities and therefore may not fully reflect the true risks of an investment. In addition, credit rating agencies may or may not make timely changes in a rating to reflect changes in the economy or in the condition of the issuer that affect the market value of the security. Consequently, credit ratings are used only as a preliminary indicator of investment quality.    

 

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Investment
Technique
  Description and Risks   Fund-Specific Limitations
         
Sovereign Debt   Each Fund may invest in “sovereign debt,” which is issued or guaranteed by foreign governments (including countries, provinces and municipalities) or their agencies and instrumentalities. Sovereign debt may trade at a substantial discount from face value. The Funds may hold and trade sovereign debt of foreign countries in appropriate circumstances to participate in debt conversion programs. Emerging-market country sovereign debt involves a high degree of risk, is generally lower-quality debt, and is considered speculative in nature due, in part, to the extreme and volatile nature of debt burdens in such countries and because emerging market governments can be relatively unstable. The issuer or governmental authorities that control sovereign-debt repayment (“sovereign debtors”) may be unable or unwilling to repay principal or interest when due in accordance with the terms of the debt. A sovereign debtor’s willingness or ability to repay principal and interest due in a timely manner may be affected by, among other factors, its cash-flow situation, the extent of its foreign reserves, the availability of sufficient foreign exchange on the date a payment is due, the relative size of the debt service burden to the economy as a whole, the sovereign debtor’s policy towards the IMF, and the political constraints to which the sovereign debtor may be subject. Sovereign debtors may also be dependent on expected disbursements from foreign governments, multilateral agencies and others abroad to reduce principal and interest arrearage on their debt. The commitment of these third parties to make such disbursements may be conditioned on the sovereign debtor’s implementation of economic reforms or economic performance and the timely service of the debtor’s obligations. The sovereign debtor’s failure to meet these conditions may cause these third parties to cancel their commitments to provide funds to the sovereign debtor, which may further impair the debtor’s ability or willingness to timely service its debts. In certain instances, the Funds may invest in sovereign debt that is in default as to payments of principal or interest. In the event that the Funds hold non-performing sovereign debt, the Funds may incur additional expenses in connection with any restructuring of the issuer’s obligations or in otherwise enforcing their rights thereunder.    
         
Brady Bonds   Each Fund may invest a portion of its assets in certain sovereign debt obligations known as “Brady Bonds.” Brady Bonds are issued under the framework of the Brady Plan, an initiative announced by former U.S. Treasury Secretary Nicholas F. Brady in 1989 as a mechanism for debtor nations to restructure their outstanding external indebtedness. The Brady Plan contemplates, among other things, the debtor nation’s adoption of certain economic reforms and the exchange of commercial bank debt for newly issued bonds. In restructuring its external debt under the Brady Plan framework, a debtor nation negotiates with its existing bank lenders as well as the World Bank or the IMF. The World Bank or IMF supports the restructuring by providing funds pursuant to loan agreements or other arrangements that enable the debtor nation to collateralize the new Brady Bonds or to replenish reserves used to reduce outstanding bank debt. Under these loan agreements or other arrangements with the World Bank or IMF, debtor nations have been required to agree to implement certain domestic monetary and fiscal reforms. The Brady Plan sets forth only general guiding principles for economic reform and debt reduction, emphasizing that solutions must be negotiated on a case-by-case basis between debtor nations and their creditors.    
         
    Brady Bonds are often viewed as having three or four valuation components: (i) the collateralized repayment of principal at final maturity; (ii) the collateralized interest payments; (iii) the uncollateralized interest payments; and (iv) any uncollateralized repayment of principal at maturity (these uncollateralized amounts constitute the “residual risk”). In light of the residual risk of Brady Bonds and, among other factors, the history of defaults with respect to commercial bank loans by public and private entities of countries issuing Brady Bonds, investments in Brady Bonds can be viewed as speculative.    

 

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Investment
Technique
  Description and Risks   Fund-Specific Limitations
         
Stand-by Commitments   Each Fund may purchase securities together with the right to resell them to the seller or a third party at an agreed-upon price or yield within specified periods prior to their maturity dates. Such a right to resell is commonly known as a stand-by commitment, and the aggregate price which a Fund pays for securities with a stand-by commitment may increase the cost, and thereby reduce the yield, of the security. The primary purpose of this practice is to permit the Fund to be as fully invested as practicable in municipal securities while preserving the necessary flexibility and liquidity to meet unanticipated redemptions. Stand-by commitments acquired by a Fund are valued at zero in determining the Fund’s NAV. Stand-by commitments involve certain expenses and risks, including the inability of the issuer of the commitment to pay for the securities at the time the commitment is exercised, non-marketability of the commitment, and differences between the maturity of the underlying security and the maturity of the commitment.    
         
Strip Bonds   Strip bonds are debt securities that are stripped of their interest (usually by a financial intermediary) after the securities are issued. The market value of these securities generally fluctuates more in response to changes in interest rates than interest-paying securities of comparable maturity.    
         
Tender Option Bonds   Tender option bonds are relatively long-term bonds that are coupled with the option to tender the securities to a bank, broker-dealer or other financial institution at periodic intervals and receive the face value of the bond. This investment structure is commonly used as a means of enhancing a security’s liquidity.    
         
Variable and Floating Rate Obligations   Each Fund may purchase securities having a floating or variable rate of interest. These securities pay interest at rates that are adjusted periodically according to a specific formula, usually with reference to some interest rate index or market interest rate (the “underlying index”). The floating rate tends to decrease the security’s price sensitivity to changes in interest rates. These types of securities are relatively long-term instruments that often carry demand features permitting the holder to demand payment of principal at any time or at specified intervals prior to maturity. Accordingly, as interest rates decrease or increase, the potential for capital appreciation or depreciation is less than for fixed-rate obligations.    
         
    In order to most effectively use these investments, a Fund’s subadviser must correctly assess probable movements in interest rates. This involves different skills than those used to select most portfolio securities. If the Fund’s subadviser incorrectly forecasts such movements, the Fund could be adversely affected by the use of variable or floating rate obligations.    

 

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Investment
Technique
  Description and Risks   Fund-Specific Limitations
         
    The floating and variable rate obligations that the Funds may purchase include variable rate demand securities. Variable rate demand securities are variable rate securities that have demand features entitling the purchaser to resell the securities to the issuer at an amount approximately equal to amortized cost or the principal amount thereof plus accrued interest, which may be more or less than the price that the Fund paid for them. The interest rate on variable rate demand securities also varies either according to some objective standard, such as an index of short-term, tax-exempt rates, or according to rates set by or on behalf of the issuer.    
         
    When a Fund purchases a floating or variable rate demand instrument, the Fund’s subadviser will monitor, on an ongoing basis, the ability of the issuer to pay principal and interest on demand. The Fund’s right to obtain payment at par on a demand instrument could be affected by events occurring between the date the Fund elects to demand payment and the date payment is due that may affect the ability of the issuer of the instrument to make payment when due, except when such demand instrument permits same day settlement. To facilitate settlement, these same day demand instruments may be held in book entry form at a bank other than the Funds’ custodian subject to a sub-custodian agreement between the bank and the Funds’ custodian.    
         
    The floating and variable rate obligations that the Funds may purchase also include certificates of participation in such obligations purchased from banks. A certificate of participation gives the Fund an undivided interest in the underlying obligations in the proportion that the Fund’s interest bears to the total principal amount of the obligation. Certain certificates of participation may carry a demand feature that would permit the holder to tender them back to the issuer prior to maturity.    
         
    The income received on certificates of participation in tax-exempt municipal obligations constitutes interest from tax-exempt obligations.    
         
    Each Fund will limit its purchases of floating and variable rate obligations to those of the same quality as it otherwise is allowed to purchase. Similar to fixed rate debt instruments, variable and floating rate instruments are subject to changes in value based on changes in prevailing market interest rates or changes in the issuer’s creditworthiness.    
         
    A floating or variable rate instrument may be subject to a Fund’s percentage limitation on illiquid securities if there is no reliable trading market for the instrument or if the Fund may not demand payment of the principal amount within seven days. (See “Illiquid and Restricted Securities” in this section of the SAI.)    
         
Zero and Deferred Coupon Debt Securities   Each Fund may invest in debt obligations that do not make any interest payments for a specified period of time prior to maturity (“deferred coupon” bonds) or until maturity (“zero coupon” bonds).  The nonpayment of interest on a current basis may result from the bond’s having no stated interest rate, in which case the bond pays only principal at maturity and is initially issued at a discount from face value. Alternatively, the bond may provide for a stated rate of interest, but provide that such interest is not payable until maturity, in which case the bond may initially be issued at par. The value to the investor of these types of bonds is represented by the economic accretion either of the difference between the purchase price and the nominal principal amount (if no interest is stated to accrue) or of accrued, unpaid interest during the bond’s life or payment deferral period.    

 

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Investment
Technique
  Description and Risks   Fund-Specific Limitations
         
    Because deferred and zero coupon bonds do not make interest payments for a certain period of time, they are generally purchased by a Fund at a deep discount and their value fluctuates more in response to interest rate changes than does the value of debt obligations that make current interest payments. The degree of fluctuation with interest rate changes is greater when the deferred period is longer. Therefore, when a Fund invests in zero or deferred coupon bonds there is a risk that the value of the Fund’s shares may decline more as a result of an increase in interest rates than would be the case if the Fund did not invest in such bonds.    
         
    Even though zero and deferred coupon bonds may not pay current interest in cash, each Fund is required to accrue interest income on such investments and to distribute such amounts to shareholders. Thus, a Fund would not be able to purchase income-producing securities to the extent cash is used to pay such distributions, and, therefore, the Fund’s current income could be less than it otherwise would have been. Instead of using cash, the Fund might liquidate investments in order to satisfy these distribution requirements.    
         
Derivative Investments   The Fund may invest in various types of derivatives, which may at times result in significant derivative exposure. A derivative is a financial instrument whose performance is derived from the performance of another asset. The Fund may invest in derivative instruments including, but not limited to: futures contracts, put options, call options, options on future contracts, options on foreign currencies, swaps, forward contracts, structured investments, and other equity-linked derivatives.    
         
    The Fund may use derivative instruments for hedging (to offset risks associated with an investment, currency exposure, or market conditions) or for speculative (to seek to enhance returns) purposes. When the Fund invests in a derivative for speculative purposes, the Fund will be fully exposed to the risks of loss of that derivative, which may sometimes be greater than the derivative’s cost. The Fund may not use any derivative to gain exposure to an asset or class of assets that it would be prohibited by its investment restrictions from purchasing directly. The Fund’s ability to use derivative instruments may also be limited by tax considerations. (See “Dividends, Distributions and Taxes” in this SAI.)    
         
    Investments in derivatives in general are subject to market risks that may cause their prices to fluctuate over time. Investments in derivatives may not directly correlate with the price movements of the underlying instrument. As a result, the use of derivatives may expose the Fund to additional risks that it would not be subject to if it invested directly in the securities underlying those derivatives. The use of derivatives may result in larger losses or smaller gains than otherwise would be the case.    

 

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Investment
Technique
  Description and Risks   Fund-Specific Limitations
         
Credit-linked Notes   Credit-linked notes are derivative instruments used to transfer credit risk. The performance of the notes is linked to the performance of the underlying reference obligation or reference portfolio (“reference entities”). The notes are usually issued by a special purpose vehicle that sells credit protection through a credit default swap agreement in return for a premium and an obligation to pay the transaction sponsor should a reference entity experience a credit event, such as bankruptcy. The special purpose vehicle invests the proceeds from the notes to cover its contingent obligation. Revenue from the investments and the money received as premium are used to pay interest to note holders. The main risk of credit linked notes is the risk of default to the reference obligation of the credit default swap. Should a default occur, the special purpose vehicle would have to pay the transaction sponsor, subordinating payments to the note holders. Credit linked notes also may not be liquid and may be subject to currency and interest rate risks as well.    
         
Eurodollar Instruments   The Funds may invest in Eurodollar instruments. Eurodollar instruments are U.S. dollar-denominated futures contracts or options thereon which are linked to the LIBOR, although foreign currency-denominated instruments are available from time to time. Eurodollar futures contracts enable purchasers to obtain a fixed rate for the lending of funds and sellers to obtain a fixed rate for borrowings. A Fund might use Eurodollar futures contracts and options thereon to hedge against changes in LIBOR, to which many interest rate swaps and fixed income instruments are linked.    
         
Equity-linked Derivatives   Each Fund may invest in equity-linked derivative products designed to replicate the composition and performance of particular indices. Examples of such products include Standard & Poor’s Depositary Receipts (SPDRs), World Equity Benchmark Series (WEBs), NASDAQ 100 tracking shares (QQQs), Dow Jones Industrial Average Instruments (DIAMONDS) and Optimized Portfolios as Listed Securities (OPALS). Investments in equity-linked derivatives involve the same risks associated with a direct investment in the types of securities included in the indices such products are designed to track. There can be no assurance that the trading price of the equity-linked derivatives will equal the underlying value of the basket of securities purchased to replicate a particular index or that such basket will replicate the index.    
         
    Investments in equity-linked derivatives may constitute investments in other investment companies. (See “Mutual Fund Investing” in this section of the SAI for information regarding the implications of a Fund investing in other investment companies.)    
         
Foreign Currency Forward Contracts, Futures and Options   Each Fund may engage in certain derivative foreign currency exchange and option transactions involving investment risks and transaction costs to which the Fund would not be subject absent the use of these strategies. If a Fund’s subadviser’s predictions of movements in the direction of securities prices or currency exchange rates are inaccurate, the adverse consequences to the Fund may leave the Fund in a worse position than if it had not used such strategies. Risks inherent in the use of option and foreign currency forward and futures contracts include: (1) dependence on the Fund’s subadviser’s ability to correctly predict movements in the direction of securities prices and currency exchange rates; (2) imperfect correlation between the price of options and futures contracts and movements in the prices of the securities or currencies being hedged; (3) the fact that the skills needed to use these strategies are different from those needed to select portfolio securities; (4) the possible absence of a liquid secondary market for any particular instrument at any time; and (5) the possible need to defer closing out certain hedged positions to avoid adverse tax consequences. The Fund’s ability to enter into futures contracts is also limited by the requirements of the Code for qualification as a regulated investment company. (See the “Dividends, Distributions and Taxes” section of this SAI.)    

 

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Investment
Technique
  Description and Risks   Fund-Specific Limitations
         
    A Fund may engage in currency exchange transactions to protect against uncertainty in the level of future currency exchange rates. In addition, a Fund may write covered put and call options on foreign currencies for the purpose of increasing its return.    
         
    Generally, a Fund may engage in both “transaction hedging” and “position hedging.” When it engages in transaction hedging, a Fund enters into foreign currency transactions with respect to specific receivables or payables, generally arising in connection with the purchase or sale of portfolio securities. A Fund will engage in transaction hedging when it desires to “lock in” the U.S. dollar price of a security it has agreed to purchase or sell, or the U.S. dollar equivalent of a dividend or interest payment in a foreign currency. By transaction hedging, the Fund will attempt to protect itself against a possible loss resulting from an adverse change in the exchange rate between the U.S. dollar and the applicable foreign currency during the period between the date on which the security is purchased or sold, or on which the dividend or interest payment is declared, and the date on which such payments are made or received.    
         
    A Fund may enter into contracts to purchase or sell foreign currencies at a future date (“forward contracts”) and purchase and sell foreign currency futures contracts. For transaction hedging purposes, the Fund may also purchase exchange-listed and over-the-counter put and call options on foreign currency futures contracts and on foreign currencies. A put option on a futures contract gives the Fund the right to assume a short position in the futures contract until the expiration of the option. A put option on a currency gives the Fund the right to sell the currency at an exercise price until the expiration of the option. A call option on a futures contract gives the Fund the right to assume a long position in the futures contract until the expiration of the option. A call option on a currency gives the Fund the right to purchase the currency at the exercise price until the expiration of the option.    
         
    When engaging in position hedging, a Fund enters into foreign currency exchange transactions to protect against a decline in the values of the foreign currencies in which its portfolio securities are denominated (or an increase in the values of currency for securities which the Fund expects to purchase, when the Fund holds cash or short-term investments). In connection with position hedging, the Fund may purchase put or call options on foreign currency and on foreign currency futures contracts and buy or sell forward contracts and foreign currency futures contracts. (A Fund may also purchase or sell foreign currency on a spot basis, as discussed in “Foreign Currency Transactions” under “Foreign Investing” in this section of the SAI.)    

 

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Technique
  Description and Risks   Fund-Specific Limitations
         
    The precise matching of the amounts of foreign currency exchange transactions and the value of the portfolio securities involved will not generally be possible since the future value of such securities in foreign currencies will change as a consequence of market movements in the value of those securities between the dates the currency exchange transactions are entered into and the dates they mature. It is also impossible to forecast with precision the market value of portfolio securities at the expiration or maturity of a forward or futures contract. Accordingly, it may be necessary for a Fund to purchase additional foreign currency on the spot market (and bear the expense of such purchase) if the market value of the security or securities being hedged is less than the amount of foreign currency the Fund is obligated to deliver and a decision is made to sell the security or securities and make delivery of the foreign currency. Conversely, it may be necessary to sell on the spot market some of the foreign currency received upon the sale of the portfolio security or securities if the market value of such security or securities exceeds the amount of foreign currency the Fund is obligated to deliver.    
         
    Transaction and position hedging do not eliminate fluctuations in the underlying prices of the securities which a Fund owns or intends to purchase or sell. They simply establish a rate of exchange which one can achieve at some future point in time. Additionally, although these techniques tend to minimize the risk of loss due to a decline in the value of the hedged currency, they also tend to limit any potential gain which might result from the increase in value of such currency.    
         
    A Fund may seek to increase its return or to offset some of the costs of hedging against fluctuations in currency exchange rates by writing covered put options and covered call options on foreign currencies. In that case, the Fund receives a premium from writing a put or call option, which increases the Fund’s current return if the option expires unexercised or is closed out at a net profit. A Fund may terminate an option that it has written prior to its expiration by entering into a closing purchase transaction in which it purchases an option having the same terms as the option written.    
         
    A Fund’s currency hedging transactions may call for the delivery of one foreign currency in exchange for another foreign currency and may at times not involve currencies in which its portfolio securities are then denominated. A Fund’s subadviser will engage in such “cross hedging” activities when it believes that such transactions provide significant hedging opportunities for the Fund. Cross hedging transactions by a Fund involve the risk of imperfect correlation between changes in the values of the currencies to which such transactions relate and changes in the value of the currency or other asset or liability which is the subject of the hedge.    

 

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Investment
Technique
  Description and Risks   Fund-Specific Limitations
         
    Foreign currency forward contracts, futures and options may be traded on foreign exchanges. Such transactions may not be regulated as effectively as similar transactions in the United States; may not involve a clearing mechanism and related guarantees; and are subject to the risk of governmental actions affecting trading in, or the prices of, foreign securities. The value of such positions also could be adversely affected by (i) other complex foreign political, legal and economic factors, (ii) lesser availability than in the United States of data on which to make trading decisions, (iii) delays in the relevant Fund’s ability to act upon economic events occurring in foreign markets during non-business hours in the United States, (iv) the imposition of different exercise and settlement terms and procedures and margin requirements than in the United States, and (v) lesser trading volume.    
         
    The types of derivative foreign currency exchange transactions most commonly employed by the Funds are discussed below, although each Fund is also permitted to engage in other similar transactions to the extent consistent with the Fund’s investment limitations and restrictions.    
         
Foreign Currency Forward Contracts   A foreign currency forward contract involves an obligation to purchase or sell a specific currency at a future date, which may be any fixed number of days (“term”) from the date of the contract agreed upon by the parties, at a price set at the time of the contract. These contracts are traded directly between currency traders (usually large commercial banks) and their customers.    
         
    A Fund will specifically designate on its accounting records any asset, including equity securities and non-investment-grade debt so long as the asset is liquid, unencumbered and marked to market daily in an amount not less than the value of the Fund’s total assets committed to forward foreign currency exchange contracts entered into for the purchase of a foreign currency. If the value of the securities specifically designated declines, additional cash or securities will be added so that the specifically designated amount is not less than the amount of the Fund’s commitments with respect to such contracts.    
         
Foreign Currency Futures Transactions   Each Fund may use foreign currency futures contracts and options on such futures contracts. Through the purchase or sale of such contracts, a Fund may be able to achieve many of the same objectives attainable through the use of foreign currency forward contracts, but more effectively and possibly at a lower cost.    
         
    Unlike forward foreign currency exchange contracts, foreign currency futures contracts and options on foreign currency futures contracts are standardized as to amount and delivery period and are traded on boards of trade and commodities exchanges. It is anticipated that such contracts may provide greater liquidity and lower cost than forward foreign currency exchange contracts.    
         
    Purchasers and sellers of foreign currency futures contracts are subject to the same risks that apply to the buying and selling of futures generally. In addition, there are risks associated with foreign currency futures contracts similar to those associated with options on foreign currencies. (See “Foreign Currency Options” and “Futures Contracts and Options on Futures Contracts”, each in this sub-section of the SAI.) The Fund must accept or make delivery of the underlying foreign currency, through banking arrangements, in accordance with any U.S. or foreign restrictions or regulations regarding the maintenance of foreign banking arrangements by U.S. residents and may be required to pay any fees, taxes or charges associated with such delivery which are assessed in the issuing country.    

 

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Technique
  Description and Risks   Fund-Specific Limitations
         
    To the extent required to comply with SEC Release No. IC-10666, when entering into a futures contract or an option transaction, a Fund will specifically designate on its accounting records any asset, including equity securities and non-investment-grade debt so long as the asset is liquid, unencumbered and marked to market daily equal to the net amount of the Fund’s obligation.    
         
    Futures contracts are designed by boards of trade which are designated “contracts markets” by the CFTC. Futures contracts trade on contracts markets in a manner that is similar to the way a stock trades on a stock exchange and the boards of trade, through their clearing corporations, guarantee performance of the contracts. As of the date of this SAI, the Funds may invest in futures contracts under specified conditions without being regulated as commodity pools. However, under recently amended CFTC rules the Funds’ ability to maintain the exclusions/exemptions from the definition of commodity pool may be limited. (See “Commodity Interests” in this section of the SAI.)    
         
Foreign Currency Options   A foreign currency option provides the option buyer with the right to buy or sell a stated amount of foreign currency at the exercise price at a specified date or during the option period. A call option gives its owner the right, but not the obligation, to buy the currency, while a put option gives its owner the right, but not the obligation, to sell the currency. The option seller (writer) is obligated to fulfill the terms of the option sold if it is exercised. However, either seller or buyer may close its position during the option period for such options any time prior to expiration.    
         
    A call rises in value if the underlying currency appreciates. Conversely, a put rises in value if the underlying currency depreciates. While purchasing a foreign currency option can protect a Fund against an adverse movement in the value of a foreign currency, it does not limit the gain which might result from a favorable movement in the value of such currency. For example, if the Fund were holding securities denominated in an appreciating foreign currency and had purchased a foreign currency put to hedge against a decline in the value of the currency, it would not have to exercise its put. Similarly, if the Fund had entered into a contract to purchase a security denominated in a foreign currency and had purchased a foreign currency call to hedge against a rise in the value of the currency but instead the currency had depreciated in value between the date of purchase and the settlement date, the Fund would not have to exercise its call but could acquire in the spot market the amount of foreign currency needed for settlement.    

 

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Technique
  Description and Risks   Fund-Specific Limitations
         
    The value of a foreign currency option depends upon the value of the underlying currency relative to the U.S. dollar. As a result, the price of the option position may vary with changes in the value of either or both currencies and have no relationship to the investment merits of a foreign security, including foreign securities held in a “hedged” investment portfolio. Because foreign currency transactions occurring in the interbank market involve substantially larger amounts than those that may be involved in the use of foreign currency options, the Funds may be disadvantaged by having to deal in an odd lot market (generally consisting of transactions of less than $1 million) for the underlying foreign currencies at prices that are less favorable than for round lots.    
         
    As in the case of other kinds of options, the use of foreign currency options constitutes only a partial hedge, and a Fund could be required to purchase or sell foreign currencies at disadvantageous exchange rates, thereby incurring losses. The purchase of an option on a foreign currency may not necessarily constitute an effective hedge against fluctuations in exchange rates and, in the event of rate movements adverse to the Fund’s position, the Fund may forfeit the entire amount of the premium plus related transaction costs.    
         
    Options on foreign currencies written or purchased by a Fund may be traded on U.S. or foreign exchanges or over the counter. There is no systematic reporting of last sale information for foreign currencies traded over the counter or any regulatory requirement that quotations available through dealers or other market sources be firm or revised on a timely basis. Quotation information available is generally representative of very large transactions in the interbank market and thus may not reflect relatively smaller transactions (i.e., less than $1 million) where rates may be less favorable. The interbank market in foreign currencies is a global, around-the-clock market. To the extent that the U.S. options markets are closed while the markets for the underlying currencies remain open, significant price and rate movements may take place in the underlying markets that are not reflected in the options market.    
         
    For additional information about options transactions, see “Options” under “Derivative Investments” in this section of the SAI.    
         
Foreign Currency Warrants   Foreign currency warrants such as currency exchange warrants are warrants that entitle the holder to receive from the issuer an amount of cash (generally, for warrants issued in the United States, in U.S. dollars) that is calculated pursuant to a predetermined formula and based on the exchange rate between a specified foreign currency and the U.S. dollar as of the exercise date of the warrant. Foreign currency warrants generally are exercisable upon their issuance and expire as of a specified date and time. Foreign currency warrants have been issued in connection with U.S. dollar-denominated debt offerings by major corporate issuers in an attempt to reduce the foreign currency exchange risk that, from the point of view of prospective purchasers of the securities, is inherent in the international fixed income marketplace.    

 

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Investment
Technique
  Description and Risks   Fund-Specific Limitations
         
    Foreign currency warrants may be used to reduce the foreign exchange risk assumed by purchasers of a security by, for example, providing for a supplemental payment in the event the U.S. dollar depreciates against the value of a major foreign currency such as the Japanese Yen or Euro. The formula used to determine the amount payable upon exercise of a foreign currency warrant may make the warrant worthless unless the applicable foreign currency exchange rate moves in a particular direction (e.g., unless the U.S. dollar appreciates or depreciates against the particular foreign currency to which the warrant is linked or indexed).    
         
    Foreign currency warrants are severable from the debt obligations with which they may be offered, and may be listed on exchanges. Foreign currency warrants may be exercisable only in certain minimum amounts, and an investor wishing to exercise warrants who possesses less than the minimum number required for exercise may be required either to sell the warrants or to purchase additional warrants, thereby incurring additional transaction costs. Upon exercise of warrants, there may be a delay between the time the holder gives instructions to exercise and the time the exchange rate relating to exercise is determined, thereby affecting both the market and cash settlement values of the warrants being exercised. The expiration date of the warrants may be accelerated if the warrants should be delisted from an exchange or if their trading should be suspended permanently, which would result in the loss of any remaining “time value” of the warrants (i.e., the difference between the current market value and the exercise value of the warrants), and, if the warrants were “out-of-the-money,” in a total loss of the purchase price of the warrants.    
         
    Warrants are generally unsecured obligations of their issuers and are not standardized foreign currency options issued by the OCC. Unlike foreign currency options issued by OCC, the terms of foreign exchange warrants generally will not be amended in the event of governmental or regulatory actions affecting exchange rates or in the event of the imposition of other regulatory controls affecting the international currency markets. The initial public offering price of foreign currency warrants is generally considerably in excess of the price that a commercial user of foreign currencies might pay in the interbank market for a comparable option involving significantly larger amounts of foreign currencies. Foreign currency warrants are subject to significant foreign exchange risk, including risks arising from complex political or economic factors.    
         
Performance Indexed Paper   Performance indexed paper is U.S. dollar-denominated commercial paper the yield of which is linked to certain foreign exchange rate movements. The yield to the investor on performance indexed paper is established at maturity as a function of spot exchange rates between the U.S. dollar and a designated currency as of or about the time (generally, the index maturity two days prior to maturity). The yield to the investor will be within a range stipulated at the time of purchase of the obligation, generally with a guaranteed minimum rate of return that is below, and a potential maximum rate of return that is above, market yields on U.S. dollar-denominated commercial paper, with both the minimum and maximum rates of return on the investment corresponding to the minimum and maximum values of the spot exchange rate two business days prior to maturity.    

 

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  Description and Risks   Fund-Specific Limitations
         
Principal Exchange Rate Linked Securities (“PERLS”)   PERLS are debt obligations the principal on which is payable at maturity in an amount that may vary based on the exchange rate between the U.S. dollar and a particular foreign currency at or about that time. The return on “standard” principal exchange rate linked securities is enhanced if the foreign currency to which the security is linked appreciates against the U.S. dollar, and is adversely affected by increases in the foreign exchange value of the U.S. dollar, “reverse” PERLS are like the “standard” securities, except that their return is enhanced by increases in the value of the U.S. dollar and adversely impacted by increases in the value of foreign currency. Interest payments on the securities are generally made in U.S. dollars at rates that reflect the degree of foreign currency risk assumed or given up by the purchaser of the notes (i.e., at relatively higher interest rates if the purchaser has assumed some of the foreign exchange risk, or relatively lower interest rates if the issuer has assumed some of the foreign exchange risk, based on the expectations of the current market). PERLS may in limited cases be subject to acceleration of maturity (generally, not without the consent of the holders of the securities), which may have an adverse impact on the value of the principal payment to be made at maturity.    
         
Futures Contracts and Options on Futures Contracts   Each Fund may use interest rate, foreign currency or index futures contracts. An interest rate, foreign currency or index futures contract provides for the future sale by one party and purchase by another party of a specified quantity of a financial instrument, foreign currency or the cash value of an index at a specified price and time. A futures contract on an index is an agreement pursuant to which two parties agree to take or make delivery of an amount of cash equal to the difference between the value of the index at the close of the last trading day of the contract and the price at which the index contract was originally written. Although the value of an index might be a function of the value of certain specified securities, no physical delivery of these securities is made. A public market exists in futures contracts covering several indexes as well as a number of financial instruments and foreign currencies, and it is expected that other futures contracts will be developed and traded in the future. Interest rate futures contracts currently are traded in the United States primarily on the floors of the Chicago Board of Trade and the International Monetary Market of the Chicago Mercantile Exchange. Interest rate futures also are traded on foreign exchanges such as the London International Financial Futures Exchange and the Singapore International Monetary Exchange.   Alternative Total Solution Fund will not limit its use of futures contracts and futures options to hedging transactions, and its investments in futures are likely to cause it to be considered a commodity pool. (See “Commodity Interests” in this SAI.)
         
    A Fund may purchase and write call and put options on futures. Futures options possess many of the same characteristics as options on securities and indexes discussed above. A futures option gives the holder the right, in return for the premium paid, to assume a long position (call) or short position (put) in a futures contract at a specified exercise price at any time during the period of option. Upon exercise of a call option, the holder acquires a long position in the futures contract and the writer is assigned the opposite short position. In the case of a put option, the opposite is true.    

 

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  Description and Risks   Fund-Specific Limitations
         
    Except as otherwise described in this SAI, the Funds will limit their use of futures contracts and futures options to hedging transactions and in an attempt to increase total return, in accordance with Federal regulations. The costs of, and possible losses incurred from, futures contracts and options thereon may reduce the Fund’s current income and involve a loss of principal. Any incremental return earned by the Fund resulting from these transactions would be expected to offset anticipated losses or a portion thereof.    
         
    The Funds will only enter into futures contracts and futures options which are standardized and traded on a U.S. or foreign exchange, board of trade, or similar entity, or quoted on an automated quotation system.    
         
    When a purchase or sale of a futures contract is made by a Fund, the Fund is required to deposit with its custodian (or broker, if legally permitted) a specified amount of cash or U.S. Government securities (“initial margin”). The margin required for a futures contract is set by the exchange on which the contract is traded and may be modified during the term of the contract. The initial margin is in the nature of a performance bond or good faith deposit on the futures contract which is returned to the Fund upon termination of the contract, assuming all contractual obligations have been satisfied. The Funds expect to earn interest income on their initial margin deposits. A futures contract held by a Fund is valued daily at the official settlement price of the exchange on which it is traded. Each day the Fund pays or receives cash, called “variation margin,” equal to the daily change in value of the futures contract. This process is known as “marking to market.” Variation margin does not represent a borrowing or loan by the Fund but is instead a settlement between the Fund and the broker of the amount one would owe the other if the futures contract expired. In computing daily NAV, the Fund will mark to market its open futures positions.    
         
    The Funds are also required to deposit and maintain margin with respect to put and call options on futures contracts written by them. Such margin deposits will vary depending on the nature of the underlying futures contract (and the related initial margin requirements), the current market value of the option, and other futures positions held by the relevant Fund.    
         
    To the extent required to comply with SEC Release No. IC-10666, when entering into a futures contract or an option on a futures contract, a Fund will specifically designate on its accounting records any asset, including equity securities and non-investment-grade debt so long as the asset is liquid, unencumbered and marked to market daily equal to the prescribed amount. Generally, for cash-settled futures contracts the prescribed amount is the net amount of the Fund’s obligation, and for non-cash-settled futures contracts the prescribed about is the notional value of the reference obligation.    
         
    Futures contracts are designed by boards of trade which are designated “contracts markets” by the CFTC. Futures contracts trade on contracts markets in a manner that is similar to the way a stock trades on a stock exchange and the boards of trade, through their clearing corporations, guarantee performance of the contracts. A Fund’s ability to claim an exclusion or exemption from the definition of a commodity pool may be limited when the Fund invests in futures contracts. (See “Commodity Interests” in this SAI.)    

 

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Technique
  Description and Risks   Fund-Specific Limitations
         
    The requirements of the Code for qualification as a regulated investment company also may limit the extent to which a Fund may enter into futures, futures options or forward contracts. (See the “Dividends, Distributions and Taxes” section of this SAI.)    
         
    Although some futures contracts call for making or taking delivery of the underlying securities, generally these obligations are closed out prior to delivery by offsetting purchases or sales of matching futures contracts (same exchange, underlying security or index, and delivery month). If an offsetting purchase price is less than the original sale price, the Fund realizes a capital gain, or if it is more, the Fund realizes a capital loss. Conversely, if an offsetting sales price is more than the original purchase price, the Fund realizes a capital gain, or if it is less, the Fund realizes a capital loss. The transaction costs must also be included in these calculations.    
         
    Positions in futures contracts and related options may be closed out only on an exchange which provides a secondary market for such contracts or options. The Fund will enter into an option or futures position only if there appears to be a liquid secondary market. However, there can be no assurance that a liquid secondary market will exist for any particular option or futures contract at any specific time. Thus, it may not be possible to close out a futures or related option position. In the case of a futures position, in the event of adverse price movements the Fund would continue to be required to make daily margin payments. In this situation, if the Fund has insufficient cash to meet daily margin requirements it may have to sell portfolio securities to meet its margin obligations at a time when it may be disadvantageous to do so. In addition, the Fund may be required to take or make delivery of the securities underlying the futures contracts it holds. The inability to close out futures positions also could have an adverse impact on the Fund’s ability to hedge its portfolio effectively.    
         
    There are several risks in connection with the use of futures contracts as a hedging device. While hedging can provide protection against an adverse movement in market prices, it can also limit a hedger’s opportunity to benefit fully from a favorable market movement. In addition, investing in futures contracts and options on futures contracts will cause the Fund to incur additional brokerage commissions and may cause an increase in the Fund’s portfolio turnover rate.    
         
    The successful use of futures contracts and related options also depends on the ability of the relevant Fund’s subadviser to forecast correctly the direction and extent of market movements, interest rates and other market factors within a given time frame. To the extent market prices remain stable during the period a futures contract or option is held by a Fund or such prices move in a direction opposite to that anticipated, the Fund may realize a loss on the transaction which is not offset by an increase in the value of its portfolio securities. Options and futures may also fail as a hedging technique in cases where the movements of the securities underlying the options and futures do not follow the price movements of the hedged portfolio securities. As a result, the Fund’s total return for the period may be less than if it had not engaged in the hedging transaction. The loss from investing in futures transactions is potentially unlimited.    

 

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Technique
  Description and Risks   Fund-Specific Limitations
         
    Utilization of futures contracts by a Fund involves the risk of imperfect correlation in movements in the price of futures contracts and movements in the price of the securities which are being hedged. If the price of the futures contract moves more or less than the price of the securities being hedged, the Fund will experience a gain or loss which will not be completely offset by movements in the price of the securities. It is possible that, where a Fund has sold futures contracts to hedge its portfolio against a decline in the market, the market may advance and the value of securities held in the Fund’s portfolio may decline. If this occurred, the Fund would lose money on the futures contract and would also experience a decline in value in its portfolio securities. Where futures are purchased to hedge against a possible increase in the prices of securities before the Fund is able to invest its cash (or cash equivalents) in securities (or options) in an orderly fashion, it is possible that the market may decline; if the Fund then determines not to invest in securities (or options) at that time because of concern as to possible further market decline or for other reasons, the Fund will realize a loss on the futures that would not be offset by a reduction in the price of the securities purchased.    
         
    The market prices of futures contracts may be affected if participants in the futures market elect to close out their contracts through off-setting transactions rather than to meet margin deposit requirements. In such case, distortions in the normal relationship between the cash and futures markets could result. Price distortions could also result if investors in futures contracts opt to make or take delivery of the underlying securities rather than to engage in closing transactions because such action would reduce the liquidity of the futures market. In addition, from the point of view of speculators, because the deposit requirements in the futures markets are less onerous than margin requirements in the cash market, increased participation by speculators in the futures market could cause temporary price distortions. Due to the possibility of price distortions in the futures market and because of the imperfect correlation between movements in the prices of securities and movements in the prices of futures contracts, a correct forecast of market trends may still not result in a successful hedging transaction.    
         
    Compared to the purchase or sale of futures contracts, the purchase of put or call options on futures contracts involves less potential risk for the Fund because the maximum amount at risk is the premium paid for the options plus transaction costs. However, there may be circumstances when the purchase of an option on a futures contract would result in a loss to the Fund while the purchase or sale of the futures contract would not have resulted in a loss, such as when there is no movement in the price of the underlying securities.    

 

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Technique
  Description and Risks   Fund-Specific Limitations
         
    For additional information about options transactions, see “Options” under “Derivative Investments” in this section of the SAI.    
         
Mortgage-Related and Other Asset-Backed Securities   Each Fund may purchase mortgage-related and other asset-backed securities, which collectively are securities backed by mortgages, installment contracts, credit card receivables or other financial assets. Asset-backed securities represent interests in “pools” of assets in which payments of both interest and principal on the securities are made periodically, thus in effect “passing through” such payments made by the individual borrowers on the assets that underlie the securities, net of any fees paid to the issuer or guarantor of the securities. The average life of asset-backed securities varies with the maturities of the underlying instruments, and the average life of a mortgage-backed instrument, in particular, is likely to be substantially less than the original maturity of the mortgage pools underlying the securities as a result of mortgage prepayments. For this and other reasons, an asset-backed security’s stated maturity may be shortened, and the security’s total return may be difficult to predict precisely.    
         
    If an asset-backed security is purchased at a premium, a prepayment rate that is faster than expected will reduce yield to maturity, while a prepayment rate that is slower than expected will have the opposite effect of increasing yield to maturity. Conversely, if an asset-backed security is purchased at a discount, faster than expected prepayments will increase yield to maturity, while slower than expected prepayments will decrease yield to maturity.    
         
    Prepayments of principal of mortgage-related securities by mortgagors or mortgage foreclosures affect the average life of the mortgage-related securities in the Fund’s portfolio. Mortgage prepayments are affected by the level of interest rates and other factors, including general economic conditions and the underlying location and age of the mortgage. In periods of rising interest rates, the prepayment rate tends to decrease, lengthening the average life of a pool of mortgage-related securities. The longer the remaining maturity of a security the greater the effect of interest rate changes will be. Changes in the ability of an issuer to make payments of interest and principal and in the market’s perception of its creditworthiness also affect the market value of that issuer’s debt securities.    
         
    In periods of falling interest rates, the prepayment rate tends to increase, shortening the average life of a pool. Because prepayments of principal generally occur when interest rates are declining, it is likely that the Fund, to the extent that it retains the same percentage of debt securities, may have to reinvest the proceeds of prepayments at lower interest rates than those of its previous investments. If this occurs, that Fund’s yield will correspondingly decline. Thus, mortgage-related securities may have less potential for capital appreciation in periods of falling interest rates than other fixed income securities of comparable duration, although they may have a comparable risk of decline in market value in periods of rising interest rates. To the extent that the Fund purchases mortgage-related securities at a premium, unscheduled prepayments, which are made at par, result in a loss equal to any unamortized premium.    

 

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Technique
  Description and Risks   Fund-Specific Limitations
         
    Duration is one of the fundamental tools used by the adviser in managing interest rate risks including prepayment risks. Traditionally, a debt security’s “term to maturity” characterizes a security’s sensitivity to changes in interest rates. “Term to maturity,” however, measures only the time until a debt security provides its final payment, taking no account of prematurity payments. Most debt securities provide interest (“coupon”) payments in addition to a final (“par”) payment at maturity, and some securities have call provisions allowing the issuer to repay the instrument in full before maturity date, each of which affect the security’s response to interest rate changes. “Duration” is considered a more precise measure of interest rate risk than “term to maturity.” Determining duration may involve the adviser’s estimates of future economic parameters, which may vary from actual future values. Fixed income securities with effective durations of three years are more responsive to interest rate fluctuations than those with effective durations of one year. For example, if interest rates rise by 1%, the value of securities having an effective duration of three years will generally decrease by approximately 3%.    
         
    Descriptions of some of the different types of mortgage-related and other asset-backed securities most commonly acquired by the Funds are provided below. In addition to those shown, other types of mortgage-related and asset-backed investments are, or may become, available for investment by the Funds.    
         
Collateralized Mortgage Obligations (“CMOs”)   CMOs are hybrid instruments with characteristics of both mortgage-backed and mortgage pass-through securities. Interest and prepaid principal on a CMO are paid, in most cases, monthly. CMOs may be collateralized by whole mortgage loans but are more typically collateralized by portfolios of mortgage pass-through securities guaranteed by entities such as GNMA, FHLMC, or FNMA, and their income streams.    
         
    CMOs are typically structured in multiple classes, each bearing a different stated maturity. Actual maturity and average life will depend upon the prepayment experience of the collateral. CMOs provide for a modified form of call protection through a de facto breakdown of the underlying pool of mortgages according to how quickly the loans are repaid. Monthly payment of principal received from the pool of underlying mortgages, including prepayments, is first returned to investors holding the shortest maturity class. Investors holding the longer maturity classes typically receive principal only after the first class has been retired. An investor may be partially guarded against a sooner than desired return of principal because of the sequential payments.    

 

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Investment
Technique
  Description and Risks   Fund-Specific Limitations
         
    FHLMC CMOs are debt obligations of FHLMC issued in multiple classes having different maturity dates and are secured by the pledge of a pool of conventional mortgage loans purchased by FHLMC. The amount of principal payable on each monthly payment date is determined in accordance with FHLMC’s mandatory sinking fund schedule. Sinking fund payments in the CMOs are allocated to the retirement of the individual classes of bonds in the order of their stated maturities. Payments of principal on the mortgage loans in the collateral pool in excess of the amount of FHLMC’s minimum sinking fund obligation for any payment date are paid to the holders of the CMOs as additional sinking-fund payments. Because of the “pass-through” nature of all principal payments received on the collateral pool in excess of FHLMC’s minimum sinking fund requirement, the rate at which principal of the CMOs is actually repaid is likely to be such that each class of bonds will be retired in advance of its scheduled maturity date. If collection of principal (including prepayments) on the mortgage loans during any semiannual payment period is not sufficient to meet FHLMC’s minimum sinking fund obligation on the next sinking fund payment date, FHLMC agrees to make up the deficiency from its general funds.    
         
CMO Residuals   CMO residuals are derivative mortgage securities issued by agencies or instrumentalities of the U.S. Government or by private originators of, or investors in, mortgage loans. As described above, the cash flow generated by the mortgage assets underlying a series of CMOs is applied first to make required payments of principal and interest on the CMOs and second to pay the related administrative expenses of the issuer. The “residual” in a CMO structure generally represents the interest in any excess cash flow remaining after making the foregoing payments. Each payment of such excess cash flow to a holder of the related CMO residual represents income and/or a return of capital. The amount of residual cash flow resulting from a CMO will depend on, among other things, the characteristics of the mortgage assets, the coupon rate of each class of CMO, prevailing interest rates, the amount of administrative expenses and, in particular, the prepayment experience on the mortgage assets. In addition, if a series of a CMO includes a class that bears interest at an adjustable rate, the yield to maturity on the related CMO residual will also be extremely sensitive to changes in the level of the index upon which interest rate adjustments are based. In certain circumstances a Fund may fail to recoup fully its initial investment in a CMO residual.    
         
    CMO residuals are generally purchased and sold by institutional investors through several investment banking firms acting as brokers or dealers. The CMO residual market currently may not have the liquidity of other more established securities trading in other markets. CMO residuals may be subject to certain restrictions on transferability, may be deemed illiquid and therefore subject to the Funds’ limitations on investment in illiquid securities. (See “Illiquid and Restricted Securities” in this section of the SAI.)    
         
Mortgage Pass-through Securities   Mortgage pass-through securities are interests in pools of mortgage loans, assembled and issued by various governmental, government-related, and private organizations. Unlike other forms of debt securities, which normally provide for periodic payment of interest in fixed amounts with principal payments at maturity or specified call dates, these securities provide a monthly payment consisting of both interest and principal payments. In effect, these payments are a “pass-through” of the monthly payments made by the individual borrowers on their residential or commercial mortgage loans, net of any fees paid to the issuer or guarantor of such securities. Additional payments are caused by repayments of principal resulting from the sale of the underlying property, refinancing or foreclosure, net of fees or costs. “Modified pass-through” securities (such as securities issued by GNMA) entitle the holder to receive all interest and principal payments owed on the mortgage pool, net of certain fees, at the scheduled payment dates regardless of whether or not the mortgagor actually makes the payment.    

 

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Technique
  Description and Risks   Fund-Specific Limitations
         
    The principal governmental guarantor of mortgage-related securities is GNMA. GNMA is authorized to guarantee, with the full faith and credit of the United States Government, the timely payment of principal and interest on securities issued by institutions approved by GNMA (such as savings and loan institutions, commercial banks and mortgage bankers) and backed by pools of Federal Housing Administration insured or Veterans Administration guaranteed mortgages. Government-related guarantors whose obligations are not backed by the full faith and credit of the United States Government include FNMA and FHLMC. FNMA purchases conventional (i.e., not insured or guaranteed by any government agency) residential mortgages from a list of approved seller/servicers which include state and federally chartered savings and loan associations, mutual savings banks, commercial banks and credit unions and mortgage bankers. FHLMC issues Participation Certificates that represent interests in conventional mortgages from FHLMC’s national portfolio. FNMA and FHLMC guarantee the timely payment of interest and ultimate collection of principal on securities they issue, but the securities they issue are neither issued nor guaranteed by the United States Government.    
         
    Commercial banks, savings and loan institutions, private mortgage insurance companies, mortgage bankers and other secondary market issuers also create pass-through pools of conventional residential mortgage loans. Such issuers may, in addition, be the originators and/or servicers of the underlying mortgage loans as well as the guarantors of the mortgage-related securities. Pools created by such non-governmental issuers generally offer a higher rate of interest than government and government-related pools because there are no direct or indirect government or agency guarantees of payments for such securities. However, timely payment of interest and principal of these pools may be supported by various forms of insurance or guarantees, including individual loan, title, pool and hazard insurance and letters of credit. The insurance and guarantees are issued by governmental entities, private insurers and the mortgage poolers. Such insurance and guarantees and the creditworthiness of the issuers thereof will be considered in determining whether a mortgage-related security meets the Fund’s investment quality standards. There can be no assurance that the private insurers or guarantors can meet their obligations under the insurance policies or guarantee arrangements. A Fund may buy mortgage-related securities without insurance or guarantees if, through an examination of the loan experience and practices of the originator/servicers and poolers, the Fund’s subadviser determines that the securities meet the Fund’s quality standards. Securities issued by certain private organizations may not be readily marketable and may therefore be subject to the Funds’ limitations on investments in illiquid securities. (See “Illiquid and Restricted Securities” in this section of the SAI.)    

 

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Technique
  Description and Risks   Fund-Specific Limitations
         
    Mortgage-backed securities that are issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Government, its agencies or instrumentalities, are not subject to the Funds’ industry concentration restrictions set forth in the “Investment Restrictions” section of this SAI by virtue of the exclusion from the test available to all U.S. Government securities. The Funds will take the position that privately-issued, mortgage-related securities do not represent interests in any particular “industry” or group of industries. The assets underlying such securities may be represented by a portfolio of first lien residential mortgages (including both whole mortgage loans and mortgage participation interests) or portfolios of mortgage pass-through securities issued or guaranteed by GNMA, FNMA or FHLMC. Mortgage loans underlying a mortgage-related security may in turn be insured or guaranteed by the Federal Housing Administration or the Department of Veterans Affairs. In the case of private issue mortgage-related securities whose underlying assets are neither U.S. Government securities nor U.S. Government-insured mortgages, to the extent that real properties securing such assets may be located in the same geographical region, the security may be subject to a greater risk of default than other comparable securities in the event of adverse economic, political or business developments that may affect such region and, ultimately, the ability of residential homeowners to make payments of principal and interest on the underlying mortgages.    
         
    It is possible that the availability and the marketability (that is, liquidity) of the securities discussed in this section could be adversely affected by the actions of the U.S. Government to tighten the availability of its credit. On September 7, 2008, the FHFA, an agency of the U.S. Government, placed FNMA and FHLMC into conservatorship, a statutory process with the objective of returning the entities to normal business operations. FHFA will act as the conservator to operate FNMA and FHLMC until they are stabilized. The conservatorship is still in effect as of the date of this SAI and has no specified termination date. There can be no assurance as to when or how the conservatorship will be terminated or whether FNMA or FHLMC will continue to exist following the conservatorship or what their respective business structures will be during or following the conservatorship. FHFA, as conservator, has the power to repudiate any contract entered into by FNMA or FHLMC prior to its appointment if it determines that performance of the contract is burdensome and repudiation of the contract promotes the orderly administration of FNMA’s or FHLMC’s affairs. Furthermore, FHFA has the right to transfer or sell any asset or liability of FNMA or FHLMC without any approval, assignment or consent. If FHFA were to transfer any such guarantee obligation to another party, holders of FNMA or FHLMC mortgage-backed securities would have to rely on that party for satisfaction of the guarantee obligation and would be exposed to the credit risk of that party.    

 

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Other Asset-Backed Securities   Through trusts and other special purpose entities, various types of securities based on financial assets other than mortgage loans are increasingly available, in both pass-through structures similar to mortgage pass-through securities described above and in other structures more like CMOs. As with mortgage-related securities, these asset-backed securities are often backed by a pool of financial assets representing the obligations of a number of different parties. They often include credit-enhancement features similar to mortgage-related securities.    
         
    Financial assets on which these securities are based include automobile receivables; credit card receivables; loans to finance boats, recreational vehicles, and mobile homes; computer, copier, railcar, and medical equipment leases; and trade, healthcare, and franchise receivables. In general, the obligations supporting these asset-backed securities are of shorter maturities than mortgage loans and are less likely to experience substantial prepayments. However, obligations such as credit card receivables are generally unsecured and the obligors are often entitled to protection under a number of state and federal consumer credit laws granting, among other things, rights to set off certain amounts owed on the credit cards, thus reducing the balance due. Other obligations that are secured, such as automobile receivables, may present issuers with difficulties in perfecting and executing on the security interests, particularly where the issuer allows the servicers of the receivables to retain possession of the underlying obligations, thus increasing the risk that recoveries on defaulted obligations may not be adequate to support payments on the securities.    
         
Stripped Mortgage-backed Securities (“SMBS”)   SMBS are derivative multi-class mortgage securities. They may be issued by agencies or instrumentalities of the U.S. Government, or by private originators of, or investors in, mortgage loans. SMBS are usually structured with two classes that receive different proportions of the interest and principal distributions on a pool of mortgage assets. A common type of SMBS will have one class receiving some of the interest and most of the principal from the mortgage assets, while the other class will receive most of the interest and the remainder of the principal. In the most extreme case, one class will receive all of the interest (the interest-only or “IO” class), while the other class will receive all of the principal (the principal-only or “PO” class). The yield to maturity on an IO class security is extremely sensitive to the rate of principal payments (including prepayments) on the related underlying mortgage assets, and a rapid rate of principal payments may have a material adverse effect on a Fund’s yield to maturity from these securities. If the underlying mortgage assets experience greater than anticipated prepayments of principal, the Fund may fail to recoup fully its initial investment in these securities even if the security is in one of the highest rating categories. The market value of the PO class generally is unusually volatile in response to changes in interest rates.    

 

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Technique
  Description and Risks   Fund-Specific Limitations
         
    Although SMBS are purchased and sold by institutional investors through several investment banking firms acting as brokers or dealers, these securities were only recently developed. As a result, established trading markets have not yet developed and, accordingly, these securities may be deemed illiquid and therefore subject to the Funds’ limitations on investment in illiquid securities. (See “Illiquid and Restricted Securities” in this section of the SAI.)    
         
    Each Fund may invest in other mortgage-related securities with features similar to those described above, to the extent consistent with the relevant Fund’s investment objectives and policies.    
         
Options   Each Fund may purchase or sell put and call options on securities, indices and other financial instruments. Options may relate to particular securities, foreign and domestic securities indices, financial instruments, foreign currencies or the yield differential between two securities. Such options may or may not be listed on a domestic or foreign securities exchange and may or may not be issued by the OCC.    
         
    A call option for a particular security gives the purchaser of the option the right to buy, and a writer the obligation to sell, the underlying security at the stated exercise price before the expiration of the option, regardless of the market price of the security. A premium is paid to the writer by the purchaser in consideration for undertaking the obligation under the option contract. A put option for a particular security gives the purchaser the right to sell and a writer the obligation to buy the security at the stated exercise price before the expiration date of the option, regardless of the market price of the security.    
         
    To the extent required to comply with SEC Releast No. IC-10666, options written by a Fund will be covered and will remain covered as long as the Fund is obligated as a writer. A call option is “covered” if the Fund owns the underlying security or its equivalent covered by the call or has an absolute and immediate right to acquire that security without additional cash consideration (or for additional cash consideration if such cash is segregated) upon conversion or exchange of other securities held in its portfolio. A call option is also covered if the Fund holds on a share-for-share or equal principal amount basis a call on the same security as the call written where the exercise price of the call held is equal to or less than the exercise price of the call written or greater than the exercise price of the call written if appropriate liquid assets representing the difference are segregated by the Fund. A put option is “covered” if the Fund maintains appropriate liquid securities with a value equal to the exercise price, or owns on a share-for-share or equal principal amount basis a put on the same security as the put written where the exercise price of the put held is equal to or greater than the exercise price of the put written.    

 

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    A Fund’s obligation to sell an instrument subject to a covered call option written by it, or to purchase an instrument subject to a secured put option written by it, may be terminated before the expiration of the option by the Fund’s execution of a closing purchase transaction. This means that a Fund buys on an exchange an option of the same series (i.e., same underlying instrument, exercise price and expiration date) as the option previously written. Such a purchase does not result in the ownership of an option. A closing purchase transaction will ordinarily be effected to realize a profit on an outstanding option, to prevent an underlying instrument from being called, to permit the sale of the underlying instrument or to permit the writing of a new option containing different terms on such underlying instrument. The cost of such a closing purchase plus related transaction costs may be greater than the premium received upon the original option, in which event the Fund will experience a loss. There is no assurance that a liquid secondary market will exist for any particular option. A Fund that has written an option and is unable to effect a closing purchase transaction will not be able to sell the underlying instrument (in the case of a covered call option) or liquidate the segregated assets (in the case of a secured put option) until the option expires or the optioned instrument is delivered upon exercise. The Fund will be subject to the risk of market decline or appreciation in the instrument during such period.    
         
    To the extent required to comply with SEC Release No. IC-10666, when entering into an option transaction, a Fund will specifically designate on its accounting records any asset, including equity securities and non-investment-grade debt so long as the asset is liquid, unencumbered and marked to market daily equal to the market value of the security or index on which the option is written.    
         
    Options purchased are recorded as an asset and written options are recorded as liabilities to the extent of premiums paid or received. The amount of this asset or liability will be subsequently marked-to-market to reflect the current value of the option purchased or written. The current value of the traded option is the last sale price or, in the absence of a sale, the current bid price. If an option purchased by a Fund expires unexercised, the Fund will realize a loss equal to the premium paid. If a Fund enters into a closing sale transaction on an option purchased by it, the Fund will realize a gain if the premium received by the Fund on the closing transaction is more than the premium paid to purchase the option, or a loss if it is less. If an option written by a Fund expires on the stipulated expiration date or if a Fund enters into a closing purchase transaction, it will realize a gain (or loss if the cost of a closing purchase transaction exceeds the net premium received when the option is sold), and the liability related to such option will be eliminated. If an option written by a Fund is exercised, the proceeds of the sale will be increased by the net premium originally received and the Fund will realize a gain or loss.    
         
    Options trading is a highly specialized activity that entails greater than ordinary investment risk. Options may be more volatile than the underlying instruments and, therefore, on a percentage basis, an investment in options may be subject to greater fluctuation than an investment in the underlying instruments themselves.    

 

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    There are several other risks associated with options. For example, there are significant differences among the securities, currency and options markets that could result in an imperfect correlation among these markets, causing a given transaction not to achieve its objectives. In addition, a liquid secondary market for particular options, whether traded over-the-counter or on an exchange, may be absent for reasons that include the following: there may be insufficient trading interest in certain options; restrictions may be imposed by an exchange on opening transactions or closing transactions or both; trading halts, suspensions or other restrictions may be imposed with respect to particular classes or series of options or underlying securities or currencies; unusual or unforeseen circumstances may interrupt normal operations on an exchange; the facilities of an exchange or the OCC may not at all times be adequate to handle current trading value; or one or more exchanges could, for economic or other reasons, decide or be compelled at some future date to discontinue the trading of options (or a particular class or series of options), in which event the secondary market on that exchange (or in that class or series of options) would cease to exist, although outstanding options that had been issued by the OCC as a result of trades on that exchange would continue to be exercisable in accordance with their terms.    
         
    The staff of the SEC currently takes the position that options not traded on registered domestic securities exchanges and the assets used to cover the amount of the Fund’s obligation pursuant to such options are illiquid, and are therefore subject to each Fund’s limitation on investments in illiquid securities. However, for options written with “primary dealers” in U.S. Government securities pursuant to an agreement requiring a closing transaction at the formula price, the amount considered to be illiquid may be calculated by reference to a formula price. (See “Illiquid and Restricted Securities” in this section of the SAI.)    
         
Options on Indexes and “Yield Curve” Options   Each Fund may enter into options on indexes or options the “spread,” or yield differential, between two fixed income securities, in transactions referred to as “yield curve” options. Options on indexes and yield curve options provide the holder with the right to make or receive a cash settlement upon exercise of the option. With respect to options on indexes, the amount of the settlement will equal the difference between the closing price of the index at the time of exercise and the exercise price of the option expressed in dollars, times a specified multiple. With respect to yield curve options, the amount of the settlement will equal the difference between the yields of designated securities.    
         
    With respect to yield curve options, a call or put option is covered if a Fund holds another call or put, respectively, on the spread between the same two securities and maintains in a segregated account liquid assets sufficient to cover the Fund’s net liability under the two options. Therefore, the Fund’s liability for such a covered option is generally limited to the difference between the amount of the Fund’s liability under the option it wrote less the value of the option it holds. A Fund may also cover yield curve options in such other manner as may be in accordance with the requirements of the counterparty with which the option is traded and applicable laws and regulations.    
         
    The trading of these types of options is subject to all of the risks associated with the trading of other types of options. In addition, however, yield curve options present risk of loss even if the yield of one of the underlying securities remains constant, if the spread moves in a direction or to an extent which was not anticipated.    

 

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Reset Options   In certain instances, a Fund may purchase or write options on U.S. Treasury securities, which provide for periodic adjustment of the strike price and may also provide for the periodic adjustment of the premium during the term of each such option. Like other types of options, these transactions, which may be referred to as “reset” options or “adjustable strike” options grant the purchaser the right to purchase (in the case of a call) or sell (in the case of a put), a specified type of U.S. Treasury security at any time up to a stated expiration date (or, in certain instances, on such date). In contrast to other types of options, however, the price at which the underlying security may be purchased or sold under a “reset” option is determined at various intervals during the term of the option, and such price fluctuates from interval to interval based on changes in the market value of the underlying security. As a result, the strike price of a “reset” option, at the time of exercise, may be less advantageous than if the strike price had been fixed at the initiation of the option. In addition, the premium paid for the purchase of the option may be determined at the termination, rather than the initiation, of the option. If the premium for a reset option written by a Fund is paid at termination, the Fund assumes the risk that (i) the premium may be less than the premium which would otherwise have been received at the initiation of the option because of such factors as the volatility in yield of the underlying Treasury security over the term of the option and adjustments made to the strike price of the option, and (ii) the option purchaser may default on its obligation to pay the premium at the termination of the option. Conversely, where a Fund purchases a reset option, it could be required to pay a higher premium than would have been the case at the initiation of the option.    
         
Swap Agreements   Each Fund may enter into interest rate, index, securities-based and currency exchange rate swap agreements in attempts to obtain a particular desired return at a lower cost to the Fund than if the Fund had invested directly in an instrument that yielded that desired return. Swap agreements are two-party contracts entered into primarily by institutional investors for periods ranging from a few weeks to more than one year. In a standard “swap” transaction, two parties agree to exchange the returns (or differentials in rates of return) earned or realized on particular predetermined investments or instruments. The gross returns to be exchanged or “swapped” between the parties are calculated with respect to a “notional amount,” i.e., the return on or increase in value of a particular dollar amount invested at a particular interest rate, in a particular foreign currency, or in a “basket” of securities representing a particular index. The “notional amount” of the swap agreement is only a fictive basis on which to calculate the obligations the parties to a swap agreement have agreed to exchange. A Fund’s obligations (or rights) under a swap agreement will generally be equal only to the amount to be paid or received under the agreement based on the relative values of the positions held by each party to the agreement (the “net amount”). A Fund’s obligations under a swap agreement will be accrued daily (offset against any amounts owing to the Fund) and any accrued but unpaid net amounts owed to a swap counterparty will be covered by specifically designating on the accounting records of the Fund liquid assets to avoid leveraging of the Fund’s portfolio.    

 

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    Because swap agreements are two-party contracts and may have terms of greater than seven days, they may be considered to be illiquid and therefore subject to the Funds’ limitations on investment in illiquid securities. (See “Illiquid and Restricted Securities” in this section of the SAI.) Moreover, the Fund bears the risk of loss of the amount expected to be received under a swap agreement in the event of the default or bankruptcy of a swap agreement counterparty. A Fund’s subadviser will cause the Fund to enter into swap agreements only with counterparties that would be eligible for consideration as repurchase agreement counterparties under the Funds’ repurchase agreement guidelines. (See “Repurchase Agreements” in this section of the SAI.) Certain restrictions imposed on the Funds by the Code may limit the Funds’ ability to use swap agreements. (See the “Dividends, Distributions and Taxes” section of this SAI.) The swaps market is a relatively new market and is largely unregulated. It is possible that developments in the swaps market, including potential government regulation, could adversely affect a Fund’s ability to terminate existing swap agreements or to realize amounts to be received under such agreements.    
         
    Certain swap agreements are exempt from most provisions of the CEA and, therefore, are not regulated as futures or commodity option transactions under the CEA, pursuant to regulations of the CFTC. To qualify for this exemption, a swap agreement must be entered into by eligible participants and must meet certain conditions (each pursuant to the CEA and regulations of the CFTC). However, recent CFTC rule amendments dictate that certain swap agreements be considered commodity interests for purposes of the CEA. (See “Commodity Interests” in this section of the SAI for additional information regarding the implications of investments being considered commodity interests under the CEA.)    
         
    Recently, the SEC and the CFTC have developed and finalized rules under the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act to create a new, comprehensive regulatory framework for swap transactions. Under the new regulations, certain swap transactions will be required to be executed on a regulated trading platform and cleared through a derivatives clearing organization. Additionally, the new regulations impose other requirements on the parties entering into swap transactions, including requirements relating to posting margin, and reporting and documenting swap transactions. A Fund engaging in swap transactions may incur additional expenses as a result of these new regulatory requirements. The Adviser is continuing to monitor the implementation of the new regulations and to assess their impact on the Funds.    

 

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  Description and Risks   Fund-Specific Limitations
         
Credit Default Swap Agreements   Each Fund may enter into credit default swap agreements. The “buyer” in a credit default contract is obligated to pay the “seller” a periodic, stream of payments over the term of the contract provided no event of default has occurred. In the event of default, the seller must pay the buyer the “par value” (full notional value) of the reference obligation in exchange for the reference obligation (typically emerging market debt). A Fund may be either the buyer or seller in the transaction. If a Fund is a buyer and no event of default occurs, the Fund loses its investment and recovers nothing; however, if an event of default occurs, the Fund receives full notional value for a reference obligation that may have little or no value. As a seller, a Fund receives a fixed rate of income throughout the term of the contract, which typically is between six months and three years, provided there is no default event; if an event of default occurs, the Fund must pay the buyer the full notional value of the reference obligation. The value of the reference obligation received by the Fund as a seller, coupled with the periodic payments previously received, may be less than the full notional value the Fund pays to the buyer, resulting in a loss of value to the Fund.    
         
    If a Fund sells credit default swaps, to the extent required by applicable law and regulation the Fund will specifically designate on its accounting records any asset, including equity securities and non-investment-grade debt so long as the asset is liquid, unencumbered and marked to market daily, equal to the notional value of the reference obligation.    
         
    Credit default swaps involve greater risks than if the fund had invested in the reference obligation directly. In addition to general market risks, credit default swaps are subject to illiquidity risk, counterparty risk and credit risks. A Fund will enter into swap agreements only with counterparties deemed creditworthy by the Fund’s subadviser.    
         
Equity Securities   The Funds may invest in equity securities. Equity securities include common stocks, preferred stocks and preference stocks; securities such as bonds, warrants or rights that are convertible into stocks; and depositary receipts for those securities.    
         
    Common stockholders are the owners of the company issuing the stock and, accordingly, usually have the right to vote on various corporate governance matters such as mergers. They are not creditors of the company, but rather, in the event of liquidation of the company, would be entitled to their pro rata shares of the company’s assets after creditors (including fixed income security holders) and, if applicable, preferred stockholders are paid. Preferred stock is a class of stock having a preference over common stock as to dividends or upon liquidation. A preferred stockholder is a shareholder in the company and not a creditor of the company as is a holder of the company’s fixed income securities. Dividends paid to common and preferred stockholders are distributions of the earnings or other surplus of the company and not interest payments, which are expenses of the company. Equity securities owned by the Fund may be traded in the over-the-counter market or on a securities exchange and may not be traded every day or in the volume typical of securities traded on a major U.S. national securities exchange. As a result, disposition by the Fund of a portfolio security to meet redemptions by shareholders or otherwise may require the Fund to sell the security at less than the reported value of the security, to sell during periods when disposition is not desirable, or to make many small sales over a lengthy period of time. The market value of all securities, including equity securities, is based upon the market’s perception of value and not necessarily the book value of an issuer or other objective measure of a company’s worth.    

 

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Technique
  Description and Risks   Fund-Specific Limitations
         
    Stock values may fluctuate in response to the activities of an individual company or in response to general market and/or economic conditions. Historically, common stocks have provided greater long-term returns and have entailed greater short- term risks than other types of securities. Smaller or newer issuers may be more likely to realize more substantial growth or suffer more significant losses. Investments in these companies can be both more volatile and more speculative. Fluctuations in the value of equity securities in which a Fund invests will cause the NAV of the Fund to fluctuate.    
         
Securities of Small and Mid Capitalization Companies   While small and medium-sized issuers in which a Fund invests may offer greater opportunities for capital appreciation than larger market capitalization issuers, investments in such companies may involve greater risks and thus may be considered speculative. For example, smaller companies may have limited product lines, markets or financial resources, or they may be dependent on a limited management group. In addition, many small and mid-capitalization company stocks trade less frequently and in smaller volume, and may be subject to more abrupt or erratic price movements, than stocks of larger companies. The securities of small and mid-capitalization companies may also be more sensitive to market changes than the securities of larger companies. When a Fund invests in small or mid-capitalization companies, these factors may result in above-average fluctuations in the NAV of the Fund’s shares. Therefore, a Fund investing in such securities should be considered as a long-term investment and not as a vehicle for seeking short-term profits. Similarly, an investment in a Fund investing in such securities should not be considered a complete investment program.    
         
    Market capitalizations of companies in which the Funds invest are determined at the time of purchase.    
         
Unseasoned Companies   As a matter of operating policy, each Fund may invest to a limited extent in securities of unseasoned companies and new issues. The Adviser regards a company as unseasoned when, for example, it is relatively new to, or not yet well established in, its primary line of business. Such companies generally are smaller and younger than companies whose shares are traded on the major stock exchanges. Accordingly, their shares are often traded over-the-counter and their share prices may be more volatile than those of larger, exchange-listed companies. Generally, the Fund will not invest more than 5% of its total assets in securities of any one company with a record of fewer than three years’ continuous operation (including that of predecessors).    
         
Foreign Investing   The Funds may invest in a broad range of securities of foreign issuers, including equity, debt and convertible securities and foreign government securities. The Funds may purchase the securities of issuers from various countries, including countries commonly referred to as “emerging markets.” The Funds may also invest in domestic securities denominated in foreign currencies.    

 

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Technique
  Description and Risks   Fund-Specific Limitations
         
    Investing in the securities of foreign companies involves special risks and considerations not typically associated with investing in U.S. companies. These include differences in accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards, generally higher commission rates on foreign portfolio transactions, the possibility of expropriation or confiscatory taxation, adverse changes in investment or exchange control regulations, political instability which could affect U.S. investments in foreign countries, and potential restrictions on the flow of international capital. Additionally, dividends payable on foreign securities may be subject to foreign taxes withheld prior to distribution. Foreign securities often trade with less frequency and volume than domestic securities and therefore may exhibit greater price volatility. Changes in foreign exchange rates will affect the value of those securities which are denominated or quoted in currencies other than the U.S. dollar. Many of the foreign securities held by a Fund will not be registered with, nor will the issuers thereof be subject to the reporting requirements of, the SEC. Accordingly, there may be less publicly available information about the securities and about the foreign company or government issuing them than is available about a domestic company or government entity. Moreover, individual foreign economies may differ favorably or unfavorably from the United States economy in such respects as growth of Gross National Product, rate of inflation, capital reinvestment, resource self-sufficiency and balance of payment positions. Finally, the Funds may encounter difficulty in obtaining and enforcing judgments against issuers of foreign securities.    
         
    Securities of U.S. issuers denominated in foreign currencies may be less liquid and their prices more volatile than securities issued by domestic issuers and denominated in U.S. dollars. In addition, investing in securities denominated in foreign currencies often entails costs not associated with investment in U.S. dollar-denominated securities of U.S. issuers, such as the cost of converting foreign currency to U.S. dollars, higher brokerage commissions, custodial expenses and other fees. Non-U.S. dollar denominated securities may be subject to certain withholding and other taxes of the relevant jurisdiction, which may reduce the yield on the securities to the Funds and which may not be recoverable by the Funds or their investors.    
         
    The Trust may use an eligible foreign custodian in connection with its purchases of foreign securities and may maintain cash and cash equivalents in the care of a foreign custodian. The amount of cash or cash equivalents maintained in the care of eligible foreign custodians will be limited to an amount reasonably necessary to effect the Trust’s foreign securities transactions. The use of a foreign custodian invokes considerations which are not ordinarily associated with domestic custodians. These considerations include the possibility of expropriations, restricted access to books and records of the foreign custodian, inability to recover assets that are lost while under the control of the foreign custodian, and the impact of political, social or diplomatic developments.    

 

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Technique
  Description and Risks   Fund-Specific Limitations
         
    Settlement procedures relating to the Funds’ investments in foreign securities and to the Funds’ foreign currency exchange transactions may be more complex than settlements with respect to investments in debt or equity securities of U.S. issuers, and may involve certain risks not present in the Funds’ domestic investments. For example, settlement of transactions involving foreign securities or foreign currency may occur within a foreign country, and a Fund may be required to accept or make delivery of the underlying securities or currency in conformity with any applicable U.S. or foreign restrictions or regulations, and may be required to pay any fees, taxes or charges associated with such delivery. Such investments may also involve the risk that an entity involved in the settlement may not meet its obligations. Settlement procedures in many foreign countries are less established than those in the United States, and some foreign country settlement periods can be significantly longer than those in the United States.    
         
Depositary Receipts   Each Fund permitted to hold foreign securities may also hold ADRs, ADSs, GDRs and EDRs. ADRs and ADSs typically are issued by an American bank or trust company and evidence ownership of underlying securities issued by a foreign corporation. EDRs, which are sometimes referred to as CDRs, are issued in Europe typically by foreign banks and trust companies and evidence ownership of either foreign or domestic securities. GDRs are similar to EDRs and are designed for use in several international financial markets. Generally, ADRs and ADSs in registered form are designed for use in United States securities markets and EDRs in bearer form are designed for use in European securities markets. For purposes of a Fund’s investment policies, its investments in ADRs, ADSs, GDRs and EDRs will be deemed to be investments in the underlying foreign securities.    
         
    Depositary Receipts may be issued pursuant to sponsored or unsponsored programs. In sponsored programs, an issuer has made arrangements to have its securities traded in the form of Depositary Receipts. In unsponsored programs, the issuer may not be directly involved in the creation of the program. Although regulatory requirements with respect to sponsored and unsponsored programs are generally similar, in some cases it may be easier to obtain financial information from an issuer that has participated in the creation of a sponsored program. Accordingly, there may be less information available regarding issuers of securities underlying unsponsored programs and there may not be a correlation between such information and the market value of the Depositary Receipts. For purposes of the Fund’s investment policies, investments in Depositary Receipts will be deemed to be investments in the underlying securities. Thus, a Depositary Receipt representing ownership of common stock will be treated as common stock.    

 

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Technique
  Description and Risks   Fund-Specific Limitations
         
    Depositary R eceipts are generally subject to the same sort of risks as direct investments in a foreign country, such as currency risk, political and economic risk, and market risk, because their values depend on the performance of a foreign security denominated in its home currency. (The risks of foreign investing are addressed above in this section of the SAI under the heading “Foreign Investing.”) In addition to risks associated with the underlying portfolio of securities, receipt holders also must consider credit standings of the custodians and broker/dealer sponsors. The receipts are not registered with the SEC and qualify as Rule 144A securities which may make them more difficult and costly to sell. (For information about Rule 144A securities, see “Illiquid and Restricted Securities” in this section of the SAI.)    
         
Emerging Market Securities   The Funds may invest in countries or regions with relatively low gross national product per capita compared to the world’s major economies, and in countries or regions with the potential for rapid economic growth (emerging markets). Emerging markets will include any country: (i) having an “emerging stock market” as defined by the International Finance Corporation; (ii) with low-to-middle-income economies according to the World Bank; (iii) listed in World Bank publications as developing; or (iv) determined by the adviser to be an emerging market as defined above.    
         
    Certain emerging market countries are either comparatively underdeveloped or are in the process of becoming developed and may consequently be economically dependent on a relatively few or closely interdependent industries. A high proportion of the securities of many emerging market issuers may also be held by a limited number of large investors trading significant blocks of securities. While a Fund’s subadviser will strive to be sensitive to publicized reversals of economic conditions, political unrest and adverse changes in trading status, unanticipated political and social developments may affect the values of the Fund’s investments in such countries and the availability of additional investments in such countries.    
         
    The risks of investing in foreign securities may be intensified in the case of investments in emerging markets. Securities of many issuers in emerging markets may be less liquid and more volatile than securities of comparable domestic issuers. Emerging markets also have different clearance and settlement procedures, and in certain markets there have been times when settlements have been unable to keep pace with the volume of securities transactions, making it difficult to conduct such transactions. Delays in settlement could result in temporary periods when a portion of the assets of a Fund is uninvested and no return is earned thereon. The inability of a Fund to make intended security purchases due to settlement problems could cause the Fund to miss attractive investment opportunities. Inability to dispose of portfolio securities due to settlement problems could result either in losses to the Fund due to subsequent declines in value of portfolio securities or, if a Fund has entered into a contract to sell the security, in possible liability to the purchaser. Securities prices in emerging markets can be significantly more volatile than in the more developed nations of the world, reflecting the greater uncertainties of investing in less established markets and economies. In particular, countries with emerging markets may have relatively unstable governments, present the risk of nationalization of businesses, restrictions on foreign ownership, or prohibitions of repatriation of assets, and may have less protection of property rights than more developed countries.    

 

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Technique
  Description and Risks   Fund-Specific Limitations
         
    Certain emerging markets may require governmental approval for the repatriation of investment income, capital or the proceeds of sales of securities by foreign investors. In addition, a country could impose temporary restrictions on foreign capital remittances, whether because deterioration occurs in an emerging market’s balance of payments or for other reasons. The Funds could be adversely affected by delays in, or a refusal to grant, any required governmental approval for repatriation of capital, as well as by the application to the Funds of any restrictions on investments.    
         
    Investments in certain foreign emerging market debt obligations may be restricted or controlled to varying degrees. These restrictions or controls may at times preclude investment in certain foreign emerging market debt obligations and increase the expenses of the Funds.    
         
Foreign Currency Transactions   When investing in securities denominated in foreign currencies, the Funds will be subject to the additional risk of currency fluctuations. An adverse change in the value of a particular foreign currency as against the U.S. dollar, to the extent that such change is not offset by a gain in other foreign currencies, will result in a decrease in the Fund’s assets. Any such change may also have the effect of decreasing or limiting the income available for distribution. Foreign currencies may be affected by revaluation, adverse political and economic developments, and governmental restrictions. Although the Funds will invest only in securities denominated in foreign currencies that are fully convertible into U.S. dollars without legal restriction at the time of investment, no assurance can be given that currency exchange controls will not be imposed on any particular currency at a later date.    
         
    As a result of its investments in foreign securities, a Fund may receive interest or dividend payments, or the proceeds of the sale or redemption of such securities, in the foreign currencies in which such securities are denominated. In that event, the Fund may convert such currencies into dollars at the then current exchange rate. Under certain circumstances, however, such as where the Fund’s subadviser believes that the applicable rate is unfavorable at the time the currencies are received or the Fund’s subadviser anticipates, for any other reason, that the exchange rate will improve, the Fund may hold such currencies for an indefinite period of time.    
         
    In addition, a Fund may be required to receive delivery of the foreign currency underlying forward foreign currency contracts it has entered into. This could occur, for example, if an option written by the Fund is exercised or the Fund is unable to close out a forward contract. A Fund may hold foreign currency in anticipation of purchasing foreign securities.    
         
    A Fund may also elect to take delivery of the currencies’ underlying options or forward contracts if, in the judgment of the Fund’s subadviser, it is in the best interest of the Fund to do so. In such instances as well, the Fund may convert the foreign currencies to dollars at the then current exchange rate, or may hold such currencies for an indefinite period of time.    

 

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Technique
  Description and Risks   Fund-Specific Limitations
         
    While the holding of currencies will permit a Fund to take advantage of favorable movements in the applicable exchange rate, it also exposes the Fund to risk of loss if such rates move in a direction adverse to the Fund’s position. Such losses could reduce any profits or increase any losses sustained by the Fund from the sale or redemption of securities, and could reduce the dollar value of interest or dividend payments received. In addition, the holding of currencies could adversely affect the Fund’s profit or loss on currency options or forward contracts, as well as its hedging strategies.    
         
    When a Fund effects foreign currency exchange transactions on a spot (i.e., cash) basis at the spot rate prevailing in the foreign exchange market, the Fund incurs expenses in converting assets from one currency to another. A Fund may also effect other types of foreign currency exchange transactions, which have their own risks and costs. For information about such transactions, please see “Foreign Currency Forward Contracts, Futures and Options” under “Derivatives” in this section of the SAI.    
         
Foreign Investment Companies   Some of the countries in which the Funds may invest may not permit, or may place economic restrictions on, direct investment by outside investors. Investments in such countries may be permitted only through foreign government-approved or -authorized investment vehicles, which may include other investment companies. These funds may also invest in other investment companies that invest in foreign securities. Investing through such vehicles may involve frequent or layered fees or expenses and may also be subject to limitation under the 1940 Act. As a shareholder of another investment company, the Fund would bear, along with other shareholders, its pro rata portion of the other investment company’s expenses, including advisory fees. Those expenses would be in addition to the advisory and other expenses that the Fund bears directly in connection with its own operations. For additional information, see “Mutual Fund Investing” in this section of the SAI.    
         
Privatizations   The governments of some foreign countries have been engaged in programs of selling part or all of their stakes in government owned or controlled enterprises (“privatizations”). Privatizations may offer opportunities for significant capital appreciation. In certain foreign countries, the ability of foreign entities such as the Funds to participate in privatizations may be limited by local law, or the terms on which a Fund may be permitted to participate may be less advantageous than those for local investors. There can be no assurance that foreign governments will continue to sell companies currently owned or controlled by them or that privatization programs will be successful.    

 

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Technique
  Description and Risks   Fund-Specific Limitations
         
Funding Agreements   Each Fund may invest in funding agreements, which are insurance contracts between an investor and the issuing insurance company. For the issuer, they represent senior obligations under an insurance product. For the investor, and from a regulatory perspective, these agreements are treated as securities. These agreements, like other insurance products, are backed by claims on the general assets of the issuing entity and rank on the same priority level as other policy holder claims. Funding agreements typically are issued with a one-year final maturity and a variable interest rate, which may adjust weekly, monthly, or quarterly. Some agreements carry a seven-day put feature. A funding agreement without this feature is considered illiquid and will therefore be subject to the Funds’ limitations on investments in illiquid securities. (See “Illiquid and Restricted Securities” in this section of the SAI.) Funding agreements are regulated by the state insurance board of the state where they are executed.    
         
Guaranteed Investment Contracts   Each Fund may invest in GICs issued by U.S. and Canadian insurance companies. A GIC requires the investor to make cash contributions to a deposit fund of an insurance company’s general account. The insurance company then makes payments to the investor based on negotiated, floating or fixed interest rates. A GIC is a general obligation of the issuing insurance company and not a separate account. The purchase price paid for a GIC becomes part of the general assets of the insurance company, and the contract is paid from the insurance company’s general assets. Generally, a GIC is not assignable or transferable without the permission of the issuing insurance company, and an active secondary market in GICs does not currently exist. Therefore, these investments may be deemed to be illiquid, in which case they will be subject to the Funds’ limitations on investments in illiquid securities. (See “Illiquid and Restricted Securities” in this section of the SAI.)    
         
Illiquid and Restricted Securities    Each Fund may invest up to 15% of its net assets in securities that are considered illiquid. Historically, illiquid securities have included securities subject to contractual or legal restrictions on resale because they have not been registered under the 1933 Act (“restricted securities”), securities that are otherwise not readily marketable, such as over-the-counter options, and repurchase agreements not entitling the holder to payment of principal in seven days. Such securities may offer higher yields than comparable publicly traded securities, and they also may incur higher risks.    
         
    Repurchase agreements, reverse repurchase agreements and time deposits that do not provide for payment to the Fund within seven days after notice or which have a term greater than seven days are deemed illiquid securities for this purpose unless such securities are variable amount master demand notes with maturities of nine months or less or unless the Fund’s subadviser has determined that an adequate trading market exists for such securities or that market quotations are readily available.    
         
    The Funds may purchase Rule 144A securities sold to institutional investors without registration under the 1933 Act and commercial paper issued in reliance upon the exemption in Section 4(2) of the 1933 Act, for which an institutional market has developed. Institutional investors depend on an efficient institutional market in which the unregistered security can be readily resold or on the issuer’s ability to honor a demand for repayment of the unregistered security.    

 

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Technique
  Description and Risks   Fund-Specific Limitations
         
    Although the securities described in this section generally will be considered illiquid, a security’s contractual or legal restrictions on resale to the general public or to certain institutions may not be indicative of the liquidity of the security and therefore these securities may be determined to be liquid in accordance with guidelines established by the Trust’s Board of Trustees. The Trustees have delegated to each Fund’s subadviser the day-to-day determination of the liquidity of such securities in the respective Fund’s portfolio, although they have retained oversight and ultimate responsibility for such determinations. Although no definite quality criteria are used, the Trustees have directed the subadvisers to consider such factors as (i) the nature of the market for a security (including the institutional private resale markets); (ii) the terms of these securities or other instruments allowing for the disposition to a third party or the issuer thereof (e.g. certain repurchase obligations and demand instruments); (iii) and availability of market quotations; and (iv) other permissible factors. The Trustees monitor implementation of the guidelines on a periodic basis.    
         
    If illiquid securities exceed 15% of a Fund’s net assets after the time of purchase, the Fund will take steps to reduce in an orderly fashion its holdings of illiquid securities. Because illiquid securities may not be readily marketable, the relevant Fund’s subadviser may not be able to dispose of them in a timely manner. As a result, the Fund may be forced to hold illiquid securities while their price depreciates. Depreciation in the price of illiquid securities may cause the NAV of the Fund holding them to decline. A security that is determined by a Fund’s subadviser to be liquid may subsequently revert to being illiquid if not enough buyer interest exists.    
         
    Restricted securities ordinarily can be sold by the Fund in secondary market transactions to certain qualified investors pursuant to rules established by the SEC, in privately negotiated transactions to a limited number of purchasers or in a public offering made pursuant to an effective registration statement under the 1933 Act. When registration is required, the Fund may be obligated to pay all or part of the registration expenses and a considerable time may elapse between the decision to sell and the sale date. If, during such period, adverse market conditions were to develop, the Fund might obtain a less favorable price than the price which prevailed when it decided to sell.    
         
    Restricted securities will be priced at fair value as determined in good faith by the Trustees or their delegate.    

 

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Technique
  Description and Risks   Fund-Specific Limitations
         
Investment in a Subsidiary by Alternative Total Solution Fund and Potential Investment in a Subsidiary by Alternative Inflation Solution Fund   Alternative Total Solution Fund will invest up to 25% of its total assets in the shares of its wholly owned and controlled Subsidiary. Investments in its Subsidiary are expected to provide the Fund with exposure to the commodity markets within the limitations of Subchapter M of the Code and recent IRS rulings, as discussed below under “Dividends, Distributions and Taxes-Tax Treatment of Commodity-Linked Swaps and Structured Notes.” The Subsidiary is managed by VAIA and subadvised by the Fund’s portfolio managers from Graham, and has the same investment objective as Alternative Total Solution Fund. The Subsidiary may invest without limitation in commodity interests. The Subsidiary is otherwise subject to the same fundamental, non-fundamental and certain other investment restrictions as its Fund, including the timing and method of the valuation of the Subsidiary’s portfolio investments and shares of the Subsidiary. The Subsidiary is managed pursuant to compliance policies and procedures that are the same, in all material respects, as the policies and procedures adopted by its Fund. The Subsidiary is a company organized under the laws of the Cayman Islands, and is overseen by its own board of directors. The Fund is the sole shareholder of its Subsidiary, and it is not currently expected that shares of the Subsidiary will be sold or offered to other investors.    
         
    By investing in its Subsidiary, the Fund is indirectly exposed to the risks associated with the Subsidiary’s investments. The derivatives and other investments held by the Subsidiary are subject to the same risks that would apply to similar investments if held directly by the Fund. Although the Fund may enter into commodity-linked derivative instruments directly, the Fund will likely gain exposure to these derivative instruments indirectly by investing in its Subsidiary. To the extent that a portfolio manager believes that these commodity-linked derivative instruments are better suited to provide exposure to the commodities market than commodity index-linked notes, the Fund’s investment in its Subsidiary will likely increase. The Subsidiary may also invest in fixed income instruments, some of which are intended to serve as margin or collateral for the Subsidiary’s derivatives positions.    
         
    Subject to its investment management agreement with the Subsidiary, VAIA selects subadvisers for the Subsidiary who are also subadvisers to the Fund, allocates Subsidiary assets among subadvisers, oversees the subadvisers and evaluates their performance results. The Subsidiary’s subadvisers select the individual portfolio securities for the assets assigned to them. Neither VAIA nor the subadvisers receive any additional compensation for doing so. VAIA and each subadviser to a Subsidiary comply with the provisions of the 1940 Act relating to investment advisory contracts as an investment adviser to the applicable Fund.    
         
    The Subsidiary is not registered under the 1940 Act, and, although the Subsidiary is subject to the same fundamental, non-fundamental and certain other investment restrictions as its Fund, the Subsidiary is not subject to all the investor protections of the 1940 Act. However, the Fund wholly owns and controls its Subsidiary, and the Fund and its Subsidiary are managed by VAIA, making it unlikely that the Subsidiary will take action contrary to the interests of its Fund and the Fund’s shareholders. The Trust’s Board of Trustees has oversight responsibility for the investment activities of the Fund, including the Fund’s investment in its Subsidiary, and the Fund’s role as sole shareholder of its Subsidiary. Changes in the laws of the United States and/or the Cayman Islands could result in the inability of the Fund and/or its Subsidiary to operate as described in the Prospectus and this SAI, and could adversely affect the Fund. For example, the Cayman Islands does not currently impose any income, corporate or capital gains tax, estate duty, inheritance tax, gift tax or withholding tax on the Subsidiary. If Cayman Islands law changes such that the Subsidiary must pay Cayman Islands taxes, Fund shareholders would likely suffer decreased investment returns.    

 

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Technique
  Description and Risks   Fund-Specific Limitations
         
    As of the date of this SAI, the Alternative Inflation Solution Fund does not invest in a Subsidiary. However, in the future the Alternative Inflation Solution Fund may elect to do so. If that occurs, the description and risks in the above paragraphs relating to investment in a Subsidiary for the Alternative Total Solution Fund will also apply to the Alternative Inflation Solution Fund, except that the assets of the Alternative Inflation Solutions Fund’s Subsidiary would be managed by that Fund’s portfolio managers at Credit Suisse.    
         
Leverage   Each Fund may employ investment techniques that create leverage, either by using borrowed capital to increase the amount invested, or investing in instruments, including derivatives, where the investment loss can exceed the original amount invested. Certain investments or trading strategies that involve leverage can result in losses that greatly exceed the amount originally invested.    
         
    The SEC takes the position that transactions that have a leveraging effect on the capital structure of a mutual fund or are economically equivalent to borrowing can be viewed as constituting a form of borrowing by the fund for purposes of the 1940 Act. These transactions can include buying and selling certain derivatives (such as futures contracts); selling (or writing) put and call options; engaging in sale-buybacks; entering into firm-commitment and stand-by commitment agreements; engaging in when-issued, delayed-delivery, or forward-commitment transactions; and other similar trading practices (additional discussion about a number of these transactions can be found throughout this section of the SAI). As a result, when a Fund enters into such transactions the transactions may be subject to the same requirements and restrictions as borrowing. (See “Borrowing” below for additional information.)    
         
    The following are some of the Funds’ permitted investment techniques that are generally viewed as creating leverage for the Funds.    
         
Borrowing   A Fund’s ability to borrow money is limited by its investment policies and limitations, by the 1940 Act, and by applicable exemptions, no-action letters, interpretations, and other pronouncements issued from time to time by the SEC and its staff or any other regulatory authority with jurisdiction. Under the 1940 Act, a Fund is required to maintain continuous asset coverage (that is, total assets including borrowings, less liabilities exclusive of borrowings) of 300% of the amount borrowed, with an exception for borrowings not in excess of 5% of the Fund’s total assets made for temporary or emergency purposes. Any borrowings for temporary purposes in excess of 5% of the Fund’s total assets must maintain continuous asset coverage. If the 300% asset coverage should decline as a result of market fluctuations or for other reasons, a Fund may be required to sell some of its portfolio holdings within three days (excluding Sundays and holidays) to reduce the debt and restore the 300% asset coverage, even though it may be disadvantageous from an investment standpoint to sell securities at that time.    

 

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Technique
  Description and Risks   Fund-Specific Limitations
         
    Borrowing will tend to exaggerate the effect on net asset value of any increase or decrease in the market value of a Fund’s portfolio. Money borrowed will be subject to interest costs that may or may not be recovered by earnings on the securities purchased. A Fund also may be required to maintain minimum average balances in connection with a borrowing or to pay a commitment or other fee to maintain a line of credit; either of these requirements would increase the cost of borrowing over the stated interest rate.    
         
Mortgage
“Dollar-Roll” Transactions
  Each Fund may enter into mortgage “dollar-roll” transactions pursuant to which it sells mortgage-backed securities for delivery in the future and simultaneously contracts to repurchase substantially similar securities on a specified future date. During the roll period, the Fund foregoes principal and interest paid on the mortgage-backed securities. The Fund is compensated for the lost interest by the difference between the current sales price and the lower price for the future purchase (often referred to as the “drop”) as well as by the interest earned on, and gains from, the investment of the cash proceeds of the initial sale. The Fund may also be compensated by receipt of a commitment fee. If the income and capital gains from the Fund’s investment of the cash from the initial sale do not exceed the income, capital appreciation and gain or loss that would have been realized on the securities sold as part of the dollar roll, the use of this technique will diminish the investment performance of the Fund compared with what the performance would have been without the use of the dollar roll.    
         
    Dollar-roll transactions involve the risk that the market value of the securities the Fund is required to purchase may decline below the agreed upon repurchase price of those securities. If the broker/dealer to whom the Fund sells securities becomes insolvent, the Fund’s right to purchase or repurchase securities may be restricted. Successful use of dollar rolls may depend upon the Fund’s subadviser’s ability to correctly predict interest rates and prepayments. There is no assurance that dollar rolls can be successfully employed.    
         
Reverse
Repurchase
Agreements
  Reverse repurchase agreements are transactions in which the Fund sells a security and simultaneously commits to repurchase that security from the buyer, such as a bank or broker-dealer, at an agreed upon price on an agreed upon future date. The resale price in a reverse repurchase agreement reflects a market rate of interest that is not related to the coupon rate or maturity of the sold security. For certain demand agreements, there is no agreed upon repurchase date and interest payments are calculated daily, often based upon the prevailing overnight repurchase rate.    
         
    Generally, a reverse repurchase agreement enables the Fund to recover for the term of the reverse repurchase agreement all or most of the cash invested in the portfolio securities sold and to keep the interest income associated with those portfolio securities. Such transactions are only advantageous if the interest cost to the Fund of the reverse repurchase transaction is less than the cost of obtaining the cash otherwise. In addition, interest costs on the money received in a reverse repurchase agreement may exceed the return received on the investments made by the Fund with those monies. Using reverse repurchase agreements to earn additional income involves the risk that the interest earned on the invested proceeds is less than the expense of the reverse repurchase agreement transaction.    

 

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Technique
  Description and Risks   Fund-Specific Limitations
         
    While a reverse repurchase agreement is outstanding, the Fund will maintain cash and appropriate liquid assets in a segregated custodial account to cover its obligation under the agreement. A Fund will enter into reverse repurchase agreements only with parties that the Fund’s subadviser deems creditworthy.    
         
Master Limited Partnerships   An investment in MLP units involves some risks that differ from an investment in the common stock of a corporation. Holders of MLP units have limited control on matters affecting the partnership. Conflicts of interest exist between common unit holders and the general partner, including those arising from incentive distribution payments. MLPs holding credit-related investments are subject to interest rate risk and the risk of default on payment obligations by debt issuers. MLPs that concentrate in a particular industry or a particular geographic region are subject to risks associated with such industry or region. The fees that MLPs charge for transportation of oil and gas products through their pipelines are subject to government regulation, which could negatively impact the revenue stream. Investing in MLPs also involves certain risks related to investing in the underlying assets of the MLPs and risks associated with pooled investment vehicles. These include the risk of environmental incidents, terrorist attacks, demand destruction from high commodity prices, proliferation of alternative energy sources, inadequate supply of external capital, and conflicts of interest with the general partner. There are also certain tax risks associated with investment in MLPs. The benefit derived from a Fund’s investment in MLPs is somewhat dependent on the MLP being treated as a partnership for federal income tax purposes, so any change to this status would adversely affect the price of MLP units. Historically, a substantial portion of the gross taxable income of MLPs has been offset by tax losses and deductions reducing gross income received by investors, and any change to these tax rules would adversely affect the price of an MLP unit. Certain MLPs may trade less frequently than other securities, and those with limited trading volumes may display volatile or erratic price movements.    
         
Money Market Instruments   Each Fund may invest in money market instruments, which are high-quality short-term investments. The types of money market instruments most commonly acquired by the Funds are discussed below, although each Fund is also permitted to invest in other types of money market instruments to the extent consistent with the Fund’s investment limitations and restrictions.    
         
Bankers' Acceptances   A bankers’ acceptance is a time draft drawn on a commercial bank by a borrower usually in connection with an international commercial transaction (to finance the import, export, transfer or storage of goods). The borrower, as well as the bank, is liable for payment, and the bank unconditionally guarantees to pay the draft at its face amount on the maturity date. Most acceptances have maturities of six months or less and are traded in secondary markets prior to maturity.    

 

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Technique
  Description and Risks   Fund-Specific Limitations
         
Certificates of Deposit   Certificates of deposit are generally short-term, interest-bearing negotiable certificates issued by banks or savings and loan associations against funds deposited in the issuing institution. They generally may be withdrawn on demand but may be subject to early withdrawal penalties which could reduce the Fund’s yield. Deposits subject to early withdrawal penalties or that mature in more than seven days are treated as illiquid securities if there is no readily available market for the securities.    
         
Commercial Paper   Commercial paper refers to short-term, unsecured promissory notes issued by corporations to finance short-term credit needs. Commercial paper is usually sold on a discount basis and has a maturity at the time of issuance not exceeding nine months.    
         
Obligations of Foreign Banks and Foreign Branches of U.S. Banks   The money market instruments in which the Funds may invest include negotiable certificates of deposit, bankers’ acceptances and time deposits of foreign branches of U.S. banks, foreign banks and their non-U.S. branches (Eurodollars), U.S. branches and agencies of foreign banks (Yankee dollars), and wholly-owned banking-related subsidiaries of foreign banks. For the purposes of each Fund’s investment policies with respect to money market instruments, obligations of foreign branches of U.S. banks and of foreign banks are obligations of the issuing bank and may be general obligations of the parent bank. Such obligations, however, may be limited by the terms of a specific obligation and by government regulation. As with investment in non-U.S. securities in general, investments in the obligations of foreign branches of U.S. banks and of foreign banks may subject a Fund to investment risks that are different in some respects from those of investments in obligations of domestic issuers.    
         
Time Deposits   Time deposits are deposits in a bank or other financial institution for a specified period of time at a fixed interest rate for which a negotiable certificate is not received.    
         
U.S. Government Obligations   Securities issued or guaranteed as to principal and interest by the United States Government include a variety of Treasury securities, which differ only in their interest rates, maturities, and times of issuance. Treasury bills have maturities of one year or less. Treasury notes have maturities of one to ten years, and Treasury bonds generally have maturities of greater than ten years.    

 

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Technique
  Description and Risks   Fund-Specific Limitations
    Agencies of the United States Government which issue or guarantee obligations include, among others, Export-Import Bank of the United States, Farmers Home Administration, Federal Housing Administration, GNMA, Maritime Administration, Small Business Administration and The Tennessee Valley Authority. Obligations of instrumentalities of the United States Government include securities issued or guaranteed by, among others, FNMA, Federal Home Loan Banks, FHLMC, Federal Intermediate Credit Banks, Banks for Cooperatives, and the U.S. Postal Service. Some of these securities are supported by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Government, others are supported by the right of the issuer to borrow from the Treasury, while still others are supported only by the credit of the instrumentality. There is no guarantee that the U.S. Government will provide financial support to its agencies or instrumentalities, now or in the future, if it is not obligated to do so by law. Accordingly, although these securities have historically involved little risk of loss of principal if held to maturity, they may involve more risk than securities backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Government because the Fund must look principally to the agency or instrumentality issuing or guaranteeing the securities for repayment and may not be able to assert a claim against the United States if the agency or instrumentality does not meet its commitment.    
         
Mutual Fund Investing   Each Fund is authorized to invest in the securities of other investment companies subject to the limitations contained in the 1940 Act.    
         
    Investment companies in which the Fund may invest may include ETFs. An ETF is an investment company classified as an open-end investment company or unit investment trust that is traded similarly to a publicly traded company. Most ETFs seek to achieve the same return as a particular market index. That type of ETF is similar to an index fund in that it will primarily invest in the securities of companies that are included in a selected market index. An index-based ETF will invest in either all of the securities or a representative sample of the securities included in the index. Other types of ETFs include leveraged or inverse ETFs, which are ETFs that seek to achieve a daily return that is a multiple or an inverse multiple of the daily return of a securities index. An important characteristic of these ETFs is that they seek to achieve their stated objectives on a daily basis, and their performance over longer periods of time can differ significantly from the multiple or inverse multiple of the index performance over those longer periods of time. ETFs also include actively managed ETFs that pursue active management strategies and publish their portfolio holdings on a daily basis.    
         
    In connection with the management of its daily cash positions, each Fund may invest in securities issued by investment companies that invest in short-term debt securities (which may include municipal obligations that are exempt from Federal income taxes) and that seek to maintain a $1.00 NAV per share.    
         
    In certain countries, investments by the Funds may only be made through investments in other investment companies that, in turn, are authorized to invest in the securities that are issued in such countries. (See “Foreign Investment Companies” under “Foreign Investing” in this section of the SAI.)    
         
    Under the 1940 Act, a Fund may not own more than 3% of the outstanding voting stock of an investment company, invest more than 5% of its total assets in any one investment company, or invest more than 10% of its total assets in the securities of investment companies. In some instances, a Fund may invest in an investment company in excess of these limits; for instance, with respect to investments in money market funds or investments made pursuant to an exemptive order granted by the SEC. Many ETFs have obtained exemptive relief from the SEC to permit unaffiliated funds to invest in the ETF’s shares beyond the statutory limitations discussed above, subject to certain conditions. The Funds may rely on these exemptive orders to invest in unaffiliated ETFs. In addition to this, the Trust has obtained exemptive relief permitting the Funds to exceed the limitations with respect to investments in affiliated and unaffiliated funds that are not themselves funds of funds, subject to certain conditions.    

 

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Technique
  Description and Risks   Fund-Specific Limitations
         
    The risks associated with investing in other investment companies generally reflect the risks of owning shares of the underlying securities in which those investment companies invest, although lack of liquidity in an investment company could result in its value being more volatile than the underlying portfolio of securities. For purposes of complying with investment policies requiring a Fund to invest a percentage of its assets in a certain type of investments (e.g., stocks of small capitalization companies), the Fund generally will look through an investment company in which it invests, to categorize the investment company in accordance with the types of investments the investment company holds.    
         
    Certain investment companies in which the Funds may invest may be considered commodity pools under the CEA and applicable CFTC regulations. If a Fund invests in such an investment company, the Fund will be required to treat some or all of its holding of the investment company’s shares as a commodity interest for the purposes of determining whether the Fund is qualified to claim exclusion or exemption from regulation by the CFTC. (See “Commodity Interests” in this section of the SAI for additional information regarding the implications to the Funds of investing in commodity interests.)    
         
    Investors in each Fund should recognize that when a Fund invests in another investment company, the Fund will bear its pro rata portion of the other investment company’s expenses, including advisory fees, in addition to the expenses the Fund bears directly in connection with its own operations.    
         
Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs)   Each Fund may invest in REITs. REITs pool investors’ funds for investment primarily in income producing commercial real estate or real estate related loans. A REIT is not taxed on income distributed to shareholders if it complies with several requirements relating to its organization, ownership, assets, and income and a requirement that it distribute to its shareholders at least 90% of its taxable income (other than net capital gains) for each taxable year.    
         
    REITs can generally be classified as follows:    
         
    • Equity REITs, which invest the majority of their assets directly in real property and derive their income primarily from rents. Equity REITs can also realize capital gains by selling properties that have appreciated in value.    
         
    • Mortgage REITs, which invest the majority of their assets in real estate mortgages and derive their income primarily from interest payments.    

 

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Technique
  Description and Risks   Fund-Specific Limitations
         
    • Hybrid REITs, which combine the characteristics of both equity REITs and mortgage REITs.    
         
    REITs are like closed-end investment companies in that they are essentially holding companies. An investor should realize that by investing in REITs indirectly through the Fund, he will bear not only his proportionate share of the expenses of the Fund, but also, indirectly, similar expenses of the underlying REITs. (See “Mutual Fund Investing” in this section of the SAI.)    
         
    Selecting REITs requires an evaluation of the merits of each type of asset a particular REIT owns, as well as regional and local economics. Due to the proliferation of REITs in recent years and the relative lack of sophistication of certain REIT managers, the quality of REIT assets has varied significantly. The risks associated with REITs are similar to those associated with the direct ownership of real estate. These include declines in the value of real estate, risks related to general and local economic conditions, dependence on management skill, cash flow dependence, possible lack of availability of long-term mortgage funds, over-building, extended vacancies of properties, decreased occupancy rates and increased competition, increases in property taxes and operating expenses, changes in neighborhood values and the appeal of the properties to tenants and changes in interest rates.    
         
    Equity REITs may be affected by changes in the value of the underlying properties they own, while mortgage REITs may be affected by the quality of any credit extended. Further, equity and mortgage REITs are dependent upon management skills and generally are not diversified. Equity and mortgage REITs are also subject to potential defaults by borrowers, self-liquidation, and the possibility of failing to qualify for tax-free status of income under the Code and failing to maintain exemption from the 1940 Act. In the event of a default by a borrower or lessee, the REIT may experience delays in enforcing its rights as a mortgagee or lessor and may incur substantial costs associated with protecting its investments. In addition, investment in REITs could cause the Fund to possibly fail to qualify as a regulated investment company. (See the “Dividends, Distributions and Taxes” section of the SAI.)    
         
Repurchase Agreements   Each Fund may enter into repurchase agreements by which the Fund purchases portfolio securities subject to the seller’s agreement to repurchase them at a mutually agreed upon time and price. The repurchase price may be higher than the purchase price, the difference being income to the Fund, or the purchase and repurchase price may be the same, with interest payable to the Fund at a stated rate together with the repurchase price on repurchase. In either case, the income to the Fund is unrelated to the interest rate on the security.   Repurchase agreements of more than seven days’ duration are subject to each Fund’s limitation on investments in illiquid securities, which means that no more than 15% of the market value of a Fund’s total assets may be invested in repurchase agreements with a maturity of more than seven days and in other illiquid securities.
         
    A repurchase agreement must be collateralized by obligations that could otherwise be purchased by the Fund (except with respect to maturity), and these must be maintained by the seller in a segregated account for the Fund. The value of such collateral will be monitored throughout the term of the repurchase agreement in an attempt to ensure that the market value of the collateral always equals or exceeds the repurchase price (including accrued interest). If the value of the collateral dips below such repurchase price, additional collateral will be requested and, when received, added to the account to maintain full collateralization.    

 

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Technique
  Description and Risks   Fund-Specific Limitations
         
    Repurchase agreements will be entered into with commercial banks, brokers and dealers considered by the relevant Fund’s subadviser to be creditworthy. However, the use of repurchase agreements involves certain risks such as default by, or insolvency of, the other party to the transaction. The Fund also might incur disposition costs in connection with liquidating the underlying securities or enforcing its rights.    
         
    Typically, repurchase agreements are in effect for one week or less, but they may be in effect for longer periods of time.    
         
Securities Lending   Subject to certain investment restrictions, each Fund may, subject to the Trustees’ and Trust Treasurer’s approval, lend securities from its portfolio to brokers, dealers and financial institutions deemed creditworthy and receive, as collateral, cash or cash equivalents which at all times while the loan is outstanding will be maintained in amounts equal to at least 100% of the current market value of the loaned securities. Any cash collateral will be invested in short-term securities that will increase the current income of the Fund lending its securities. A Fund will have the right to regain record ownership of loaned securities to exercise beneficial rights such as voting rights and subscription rights. While a securities loan is outstanding, the Fund is to receive an amount equal to any dividends, interest or other distributions with respect to the loaned securities. A Fund may pay reasonable fees to persons unaffiliated with the Trust for services in arranging such loans.    
         
    Even though securities lending usually does not impose market risks on the lending Fund, as with any extension of credit, there are risks of delay in recovery of the loaned securities and in some cases loss of rights in the collateral should the borrower of the securities fail financially. In addition, the value of the collateral taken as security for the securities loaned may decline in value or may be difficult to convert to cash in the event that a Fund must rely on the collateral to recover the value of the securities. Moreover, if the borrower of the securities is insolvent, under current bankruptcy law, the Fund could be ordered by a court not to liquidate the collateral for an indeterminate period of time. If the borrower is the subject of insolvency proceedings and the collateral held might not be liquidated, the result could be a material adverse impact on the liquidity of the lending Fund.    
         
    No Fund will lend securities having a value in excess of 33   1/3% of its assets, including collateral received for loaned securities (valued at the time of any loan).    
         
Short Sales   Each Fund may sell securities short as part of its overall portfolio management strategies involving the use of derivative instruments and to offset potential declines in long positions in similar securities. A short sale is a transaction in which a Fund sells a security it does not own or have the right to acquire, or that it owns but does not wish to deliver, in anticipation that the market price of that security will decline. A short sale is “against the box” to the extent the Fund contemporaneously owns, or has the right to obtain at no added cost, securities identical to those sold short. All other short sales are commonly referred to as “naked” short sales.    

 

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Investment
Technique
  Description and Risks   Fund-Specific Limitations
         
    When a Fund makes a short sale, the broker-dealer through which the short sale is made must borrow the security sold short and deliver it to the party purchasing the security. The Fund is required to make a margin deposit in connection with such short sales; the Fund may have to pay a fee to borrow particular securities and will often be obligated to pay over any dividends and accrued interest on borrowed securities. If the price of the security sold short increases between the time of the short sale and the time the Fund covers its short position, the Fund will incur a loss; conversely, if the price declines, the Fund will realize a capital gain. Any gain will be decreased, and any loss increased, by the transaction costs described above. The successful use of short selling may be adversely affected by imperfect correlation between movements in the price of the security sold short and the securities being hedged.    
         
    If a Fund sells securities short against the box, it may protect unrealized gains, but will lose the opportunity to profit on such securities if the price rises. If a Fund engages in naked short sales, the Fund’s risk of loss could be as much as the maximum attainable price of the security (which could be limitless) less the price paid by the Fund for the security at the time it was borrowed.    
         
Special Situations   Each Fund may invest in special situations that the Fund’s subadviser believes present opportunities for capital growth. Such situations most typically include corporate restructurings, mergers, and tender offers.    
         
    A special situation arises when, in the opinion of the Fund’s subadviser, the securities of a particular company will, within a reasonably estimable period of time, be accorded market recognition at an appreciated value solely by reason of a development particularly or uniquely applicable to that company and regardless of general business conditions or movements of the market as a whole. Developments creating special situations might include, among others, the following: liquidations, reorganizations, recapitalizations, mergers, or tender offers; material litigation or resolution thereof; technological breakthroughs; and new management or management policies. Although large and well-known companies may be involved, special situations often involve much greater risk than is inherent in ordinary investment securities.    
         
Temporary Investments   When business or financial conditions warrant, each Fund may assume a temporary defensive position by investing in money-market instruments, including obligations of the U.S. Government and its agencies and instrumentalities, obligations of foreign sovereigns, other debt securities, commercial paper including bank obligations, certificates of deposit (including Eurodollar certificates of deposit) and repurchase agreements. (See “Money Market Instruments” in this section of the SAI for more information about these types of investments.)    

 

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Investment
Technique
  Description and Risks   Fund-Specific Limitations
         
    For temporary defensive purposes, during periods in which a Fund’s subadviser believes adverse changes in economic, financial or political conditions make it advisable, the Fund may reduce its holdings in equity and other securities and may invest up to 100% of its assets in certain short-term (less than twelve months to maturity) and medium-term (not greater than five years to maturity) debt securities and in cash (U.S. dollars, foreign currencies, or multicurrency units). The short-term and medium-term debt securities in which a Fund may invest for temporary defensive purposes will be those that the Fund’s subadviser believes to be of high quality (i.e., subject to relatively low risk of loss of interest or principal). If rated, these securities will be rated in one of the three highest rating categories by rating services such as Moody’s or S&P (i.e., rated at least A).    
         
Warrants or Rights to Purchase Securities   Each Fund may invest in or acquire warrants or rights to purchase equity or fixed income securities at a specified price during a specific period of time. A Fund will make such investments only if the underlying securities are deemed appropriate by the Fund’s subadviser for inclusion in the Fund’s portfolio. Included are warrants and rights whose underlying securities are not traded on principal domestic or foreign exchanges. Warrants and stock rights are almost identical to call options in their nature, use and effect except that they are issued by the issuer of the underlying security, rather than an option writer, and they generally have longer expiration dates than call options. (See “Options” in this section of the SAI for information about call options.)    
         
    Bonds with warrants attached to purchase equity securities have many characteristics of convertible bonds and their prices may, to some degree, reflect the performance of the underlying stock. However, unlike convertible securities and preferred stocks, warrants do not pay a fixed dividend. Bonds also may be issued with warrants attached to purchase additional fixed income securities at the same coupon rate. A decline in interest rates would permit a Fund holding such warrants to buy additional bonds at the favorable rate or to sell the warrants at a profit. If interest rates rise, the warrants would generally expire with no value.    
         
    A Fund may purchase put warrants and call warrants whose values vary depending on the change in the value of one or more specified securities indices (“index warrants”). Index warrants are generally issued by banks or other financial institutions and give the holder the right, at any time during the term of the warrant, to receive upon exercise of the warrant a cash payment from the issuer based on the value of the underlying index at the time of exercise. In general, if the value of the underlying index rises above the exercise price of the index warrant, the holder of a call warrant will be entitled to receive a cash payment from the issuer upon exercise based on the difference between the value of the index and the exercise price of the warrant; if the value of the underlying index falls, the holder of a put warrant will be entitled to receive a cash payment from the issuer upon exercise based on the difference between the exercise price of the warrant and the value of the index. The holder of a warrant would not be entitled to any payments from the issuer at any time when, in the case of a call warrant, the exercise price is greater than the value of the underlying index or, in the case of a put warrant, the exercise price is less than the value of the underlying index. If a Fund were not to exercise an index warrant prior to its expiration, then the Fund would lose the amount of the purchase price paid by it for the warrant.    

 

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Investment
Technique
  Description and Risks   Fund-Specific Limitations
         
    A Fund will normally use index warrants in a manner similar to its use of options on securities indices. The risks of the Fund’s use of index warrants are generally similar to those relating to its use of index options. (See “Options” in this section of the SAI for information about index options.) Unlike most index options, however, index warrants are issued in limited amounts and are not obligations of a regulated clearing agency, but are backed only by the credit of the bank or other institution which issues the warrant. Also, index warrants generally have longer terms than index options. Although a Fund will normally invest only in exchange-listed warrants, index warrants are not likely to be as liquid as certain index options backed by a recognized clearing agency. In addition, the terms of index warrants may limit a Fund’s ability to exercise the warrants at such time, or in such quantities, as the Fund would otherwise wish to do.    
         
When-Issued and Delayed Delivery Transactions   Each Fund may purchase securities on a when-issued or forward commitment basis. These transactions are also known as delayed delivery transactions. (The phrase “delayed delivery” is not intended to include purchases where a delay in delivery involves only a brief period required by the selling party solely to locate appropriate certificates and prepare them for submission for clearance and settlement in the customary way.) Delayed delivery transactions involve a commitment by the Fund to purchase or sell securities at a future date (ordinarily up to 90 days later). The price of the underlying securities (usually expressed in terms of yield) and the date when the securities will be delivered and paid for (the settlement date) are fixed at the time the transaction is negotiated. When-issued purchases and forward commitments are negotiated directly with the selling party.    
         
    When-issued purchases and forward commitments enable the Fund to lock in what is believed to be an attractive price or yield on a particular security for a period of time, regardless of future changes in interest rates. For example, in periods of rising interest rates and falling bond prices, the Fund might sell debt securities it owns on a forward commitment basis to limit its exposure to falling prices. In periods of falling interest rates and rising prices, the Fund might sell securities it owns and purchase the same or similar securities on a when-issued or forward commitment basis, thereby obtaining the benefit of currently higher yields. The Fund will not enter into such transactions for the purpose of leverage.    
         
    The value of securities purchased on a when-issued or forward commitment basis and any subsequent fluctuations in their value will be reflected in the Fund’s NAV starting on the first business day after the date of the agreement to purchase the securities. The Fund will be subject to the rights and risks of ownership of the securities on the agreement date. However, the Fund will not earn interest on securities it has committed to purchase until they are paid for and received. A seller’s failure to deliver securities to the Fund could prevent the Fund from realizing a price or yield considered to be advantageous and could cause the Fund to incur expenses associated with unwinding the transaction.    

 

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Investment
Technique
  Description and Risks   Fund-Specific Limitations
         
    When a Fund makes a forward commitment to sell securities it owns, the proceeds to be received upon settlement will be included in the Fund’s assets. Fluctuations in the market value of the underlying securities will not be reflected in the Fund’s NAV as long as the commitment to sell remains in effect. Settlement of when-issued purchases and forward commitment transactions generally takes place up to 90 days after the date of the transaction, but the Fund may agree to a longer settlement period.    
         
    The Funds will make commitments to purchase securities on a when-issued basis or to purchase or sell securities on a forward commitment basis only with the intention of completing the transaction and actually purchasing or selling the securities. If deemed advisable as a matter of investment strategy, however, a Fund may dispose of or renegotiate a commitment after it is entered into. A Fund also may sell securities it has committed to purchase before those securities are delivered to the Fund on the settlement date. The Fund may realize a capital gain or loss in connection with these transactions.    
         
    When a Fund purchases securities on a when-issued or forward-commitment basis, the Fund will specifically designate on its accounting records securities having a value (determined daily) at least equal to the amount of the Fund’s purchase commitments. These procedures are designed to ensure that each Fund will maintain sufficient assets at all times to cover its obligations under when-issued purchases and forward commitments.    

 

INVESTMENT LIMITATIONS

 

Fundamental Investment Limitations

Each Fund is subject to the investment limitations enumerated in this section, which may be changed with respect to a particular Fund only by a vote of the holders of a majority of such Fund’s outstanding shares. As used in this SAI and in the Prospectuses, a “majority of the outstanding shares” of a Fund means the lesser of (a) 67% of the shares of the particular Fund represented at a meeting at which the holders of more than 50% of the outstanding shares of such Fund are present in person or by proxy, or (b) more than 50% of the outstanding shares of such Fund. Each of Alternative Total Solution Fund and Alternative Inflation Solution Fund will look through its respective Subsidiary, if any, to the Subsidiary’s assets for the purposes of complying with the investment limitations noted below.

 

With respect to all of the Funds, except as noted, each Fund may not:

 

(1) With respect to 75% of its total assets, purchase securities of an issuer (other than the U.S. Government, its agencies, instrumentalities or authorities or repurchase agreements collateralized by U.S. Government securities and other investment companies), if: (a) such purchase would, at the time, cause more than 5% of the Fund’s total assets taken at market value to be invested in the securities of such issuer; or (b) such purchase would, at the time, result in more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of such issuer being held by the Fund. (Applies only to the Strategic Income Fund.)

 

(2) Purchase securities if, after giving effect to the purchase, more than 25% of its respective total assets would be invested in the securities of one or more issuers conducting their principal business activities in the same industry (excluding the U.S. Government, its agencies or instrumentalities).

 

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(3) Borrow money, except (i) in amounts not to exceed one-third of the value of the Fund’s total assets (including the amount borrowed) from banks, and (ii) up to an additional 5% of its total assets from banks or other lenders for temporary purposes. For purposes of this restriction, (a) investment techniques such as margin purchases, short sales, forward commitments, and roll transactions, (b) investments in instruments such as futures contracts, swaps, and options and (c) short-term credits extended in connection with trade clearance and settlement, shall not constitute borrowing.

 

(4) Issue “senior securities” in contravention of the 1940 Act. Activities permitted by exemptive orders or staff interpretations of the SEC shall not be deemed to be prohibited by this restriction.

 

(5) Underwrite the securities issued by other persons, except to the extent that, in connection with the disposition of portfolio securities, the Fund may be deemed to be an underwriter under applicable law.

 

(6) Purchase or sell real estate, except that the Fund may (i) acquire or lease office space for its own use, (ii) invest in securities of issuers that invest in real estate or interests therein, (iii) invest in mortgage-related securities and other securities that are secured by real estate or interests therein, and (iv) hold and sell real estate acquired by the Fund as a result of the ownership of securities.

 

(7) Purchase or sell commodities or commodity contracts, except the Fund may purchase and sell derivatives (including, but not limited to, options, futures contracts and options on futures contracts) whose value is tied to the value of a financial index or a financial instrument or other asset (including, but not limited to, securities indexes, interest rates, securities, currencies and physical commodities).

 

(8) Lend securities or make any other loans if, as a result, more than 33   1/3% of its total assets would be lent to other parties, except that the Fund may purchase debt securities, may enter into repurchase agreements, may lend portfolio securities and may acquire loans, loan participations and assignments (both funded and unfunded) and other forms of debt instruments.

 

Except with respect to investment restriction (3) above, if any percentage restriction described above for the Funds is adhered to at the time of investment, a subsequent increase or decrease in the percentage resulting from a change in the value of a Fund’s assets will not constitute a violation of the restriction. With respect to investment restriction (3), in the event that asset coverage for all borrowings shall at any time fall below 300 per centum, the Fund shall, within three days thereafter (not including Sundays and holidays) or such longer period as the SEC may prescribe by rules and regulations, reduce the amount of its borrowings to an extent that the asset coverage of such borrowings shall be at least 300 per centum.

 

For purposes of compliance with Section 8 of the 1940 Act, governing investment policies, and Section 18 of the 1940 Act, governing capital structure and leverage, each of the Alternative Inflation Fund and the Alternative Total Solution Fund aggregates its holdings with instruments held by its Subsidiary, if any. Although neither Subsidiary is a registered investment company under the 1940 Act, and therefore neither is required to comply with the requirements of the 1940 Act applicable to registered investment companies, each Subsidiary will comply with the provisions of Section 17 of the 1940 Act relating to affiliated transactions and custody.

 

Section 12 of the 1940 Act limits the percentage of shares of other mutual funds that a fund may purchase. The Funds have obtained exemptive relief from the SEC to permit them to invest in affiliated and unaffiliated funds, including ETFs, beyond the statutory limitations, subject to certain conditions. Many ETFs also have obtained exemptive relief from the SEC to permit unaffiliated funds to invest in the ETF’s shares beyond these statutory limitations, subject to certain conditions. Each Fund may rely on the various exemptive orders to invest in shares of other mutual funds, including ETFs as applicable.

 

MANAGEMENT OF THE TRUST

Trustees and Officers

The Board of Trustees of the Trust is responsible for the overall supervision of the Trust including establishing the Funds’ policies, general supervision and review of their investment activities and performs the various duties imposed on Trustees by the 1940 Act and Delaware statutory trust law. The officers, who administer the Funds’ daily operations, are appointed by the Board of Trustees and generally are employees of the Adviser or one of its affiliates. The current Trustees and officers of the Trust performing a policy-making function and their affiliations and principal occupations for the past five years are set forth below. The Trust has no employees.

 

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Unless otherwise noted, each Trustee of the Trust also serves as a Trustee of other Virtus Funds and the address of each individual is 100 Pearl Street, Hartford, CT 06103. There is no stated term of office for Trustees or officers of the Trust.

 

Independent Trustees*

 

 

Name and
Year of Birth
  Length of
Time Served
  Number of
Portfolios in
Fund Complex
Overseen by
Trustee
  Principal Occupation(s)
During Past 5 Years
  Other Directorships
Held by Trustee
During Past 5 Years
Mann, Thomas F.
YOB: 1950 
 

Since 2013

 

7

 

Managing Director and Group Head Financial Institutions Group (2003 to 2012), Societe Generale Sales of Capital Market Solutions and Products.

 

Founder, MannMaxx Management; Trustee (since 2002), The Hatteras Funds (16 portfolios); Trustee (since 2012), Virtus Closed-End Funds (3 portfolios); and Trustee (since 2013), Virtus Alternative Solutions Trust (4 portfolios).

McLoughlin, Philip Chairman
YOB: 1946
 

Since 2013

 

68

 

Partner (2006 to 2012), Cross Pond Partners, LLC (strategy consulting firm); and Managing Director (2009 to 2010), SeaCap Asset Management Fund I, L.P. and SeaCap Partners, LLC (investment management).

 

Director (since 1991) and Chairman (since 2010), World Trust Fund; Director (since 1995), closed-end funds managed by Duff & Phelps Investment Management Co. (4 portfolios);Chairman (since 2002) and Trustee (since 1989), Virtus Mutual Fund Complex (48 portfolios); Chairman and Trustee (since 2003), Virtus Variable Insurance Trust (9 portfolios); Trustee and Chairman (since 2011), Virtus Closed-End Funds (3 portfolios); Trustee and Chairman (since 2013), Virtus Alternative Solutions Trust (4 portfolios); and Director (1985 to 2009), Argo Group International Holdings Inc. and its predecessor, PXRE Corporation (insurance).

Moyer, William R.
YOB: 1944
 

Since 2013

 

7

 

Financial and Operations Principal (2006 to present), Newcastle Distributors LLC (broker dealer); Partner (2006 to 2012), CrossPond Partners, LLC (strategy consulting firm); Partner (2008 to 2010), Seacap Partners, LLC (investment management); and former Chief Financial Officer, Phoenix Investment Partners.

 

Trustee (since 2012), Virtus Closed-End Funds (3 portfolios); and Trustee (since 2013), Virtus Alternative Solutions Trust (4 portfolios).

Oates, James M.
YOB: 1946

 

Since 2013

 

55

 

Managing Director (since 1994), Wydown Group (consulting firm).

 

Director (since 1996), Stifel Financial; Director (since 1998), Connecticut River Bancorp; Chairman and Director (since 1999), Connecticut River Bank; Chairman (since 2000), Emerson Investment Management, Inc.; Director (since 2002), New Hampshire Trust Company; Chairman and Trustee (since 2005), John Hancock Fund Complex (234 portfolios); Non-Executive Chairman (2007 to 2011), Hudson Castle Group, Inc. (formerly IBEX Capital Markets, Inc.) (financial services); Trustee (since 1987), Virtus Mutual Fund Complex (48 portfolios); Trustee (since 2013), Virtus Closed-End Funds (3 portfolios); and Trustee (since 2013), Virtus Alternative Solutions Trust (4 portfolios).

* Those Trustees listed as “Independent Trustees” are not “interested persons” of the Trust, as that term is defined in the 1940 Act.

 

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Interested Trustee

 

Name and
Year of Birth
  Length of
Time Served
  Number of
Portfolios in
Fund Complex
Overseen by
Trustee
  Principal Occupation(s)
During Past 5 Years
  Other Directorships
Held by Trustee
During Past 5 Years

Aylward, George R.
YOB: 1964

 

Since 2013

 

66

 

Director, President and Chief Executive Officer (since 2008), Virtus Investment Partners, Inc. and/or certain of its subsidiaries; and various senior officer positions with Virtus affiliates (since 2005).

 

Trustee (since 2006), Virtus Mutual Funds (48 portfolios); Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer (since 2006), The Zweig Closed-End Funds (2 portfolios); Trustee (since 2012), Virtus Variable Insurance Trust (9 portfolios); Trustee and President (since 2011), Virtus Closed-End Funds (3 portfolios); Director (since 2013), Virtus Global Funds, PLC (2 portfolios); and Trustee (since 2013), Virtus Alternative Solutions Trust (4 portfolios).

** Mr. Aylward is an “interested person” as defined in the Investment Company Act of 1940, by reason of his position as President and Chief Executive Officer of Virtus, the ultimate parent company of the Adviser, and various positions with its affiliates including the Adviser.

 

Officers of the Trust Who Are Not Trustees

 

 

Name, Address
and Year of Birth
  Position(s) Held with the
Trust and Length of
Time Served
  Principal Occupation(s)
During Past 5 Years
Bradley, W. Patrick
YOB: 1972
 

Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer since 2013

 

Senior Vice President, Fund Services (since 2010), Virtus Investment Partners, Inc. and/or certain of its subsidiaries; various officer positions (since 2006) with Virtus affiliates; Senior Vice President (since 2013), Vice President (2011 to 2013), Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer (since 2004), Virtus Variable Insurance Trust; Senior Vice President (since 2013), Vice President (2011 to 2013), Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer (since 2006), Virtus Mutual Fund Complex; Senior Vice President (since 2013), Vice President (2012 to 2013) and Treasurer (Chief Financial Officer) (since 2007), The Zweig Closed-End Funds; Senior Vice President (since 2013), Vice President (2011 to 2013), Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer (since 2011), Virtus Closed-End Funds; Vice President and Assistant Treasurer (since 2011), Duff & Phelps Global Utility Income Fund Inc.; Director (since 2013), Virtus Global Funds, PLC; and Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer (since 2013), Virtus Alternative Solutions Trust.

Engberg, Nancy J.
YOB: 1956

 

Vice President and Chief Compliance Officer since 2013

 

Vice President (since 2008) and Chief Compliance Officer (2008 to 2011), Virtus Investment Partners, Inc. and/or certain of its subsidiaries; various officer positions (since 2003) with Virtus affiliates; Vice President and Chief Compliance Officer (since 2011), Virtus Mutual Fund Complex; Vice President (since 2010), Chief Compliance Officer (since 2011), Virtus Variable Insurance Trust; Vice President and Chief Compliance Officer (since 2011), Virtus Closed-End Funds; Vice President and Chief Compliance Officer (since 2012), The Zweig Closed-End Funds; and Vice President and Chief Compliance Officer (since 2013), Virtus Alternative Solutions Trust.

Fromm, Jennifer
YOB: 1973

 

Vice President, Chief Legal Officer, and Secretary since 2013

 

Senior Counsel, Legal, Virtus Investment Partners, Inc. and/or certain of its subsidiaries (since 2007); Assistant Secretary of various Virtus-affiliated open-end funds (since 2008); Vice President, Chief Legal Officer, and Secretary of Virtus Variable Insurance Trust (since 2013); and Vice President, Chief Legal Officer, and Secretary since 2013.

Waltman, Francis G.
YOB: 1962

 

Executive Vice President since 2013

 

Virtus Investment Partners, Inc. and/or certain of its subsidiaries; various senior officer positions (since 2006) with Virtus affiliates; Executive Vice President (since 2013), Senior Vice President (2008 to 2013), Virtus Mutual Fund Complex; Executive Vice President (since 2013), Senior Vice President (2010 to 2013), Virtus Variable Insurance Trust; Executive Vice President (since 2013), Senior Vice President (2011 to 2013), Virtus Closed-End Funds; Director (since 2013), Virtus Global Funds PLC; and Executive Vice President (since 2013), Virtus Alternative Solutions Trust.

 

Leadership Structure and the Board of Trustees

The Board is currently composed of five trustees, including four Independent Trustees. In addition to four regularly scheduled meetings per year, the Board holds special meetings either in person or via telephone to discuss specific matters that may require consideration prior to the next regular meeting. As discussed below, the Board has established several standing committees to assist the Board in performing its oversight responsibilities, and each such committee has a chairperson. The Board may also designate working groups or ad hoc committees as it deems appropriate.

 

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The Board has appointed Mr. McLoughlin, an Independent Trustee, to serve in the role of Chairman. The Chairman’s primary role is to participate in the preparation of the agenda for meetings of the Board and the identification of information to be presented to the Board with respect to matters to be acted upon by the Board. The Chairman also presides at all meetings of the Board and between meetings generally acts as a liaison with the Trust’s service providers, officers, legal counsel, and the other Trustees. The Chairman may perform such other functions as may be requested by the Board from time to time. Except for any duties specified herein or pursuant to the Trust’s Declaration of Trust or By-laws, or as assigned by the Board, the designation of Chairman does not impose on such Independent Trustee any duties, obligations or liability that is greater than the duties, obligations or liability imposed on such person as a member of the Board, generally.

 

The Board believes that this leadership structure is appropriate because it allows the Board to exercise informed and independent judgment over matters under its purview, and it allocates areas of responsibility among committees or working groups of Trustees and the full Board in a manner that enhances effective oversight. Mr. McLoughlin previously served as the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of the company that is now Virtus; however, he is now an Independent Trustee due to (a) the fact that Virtus is no longer affiliated with The Phoenix Companies, Inc. (which was its parent company when Mr. McLoughlin retired), (b) the passage of time and (c) the manner in which Mr. McLoughlin conducts his trusteeship. As a result of this balance, it is believed that Mr. McLoughlin has the ability to provide independent oversight of the Trust’s operations within the context of his detailed understanding of the perspective of the Adviser and the Trust’s other service providers. The Board therefore considers leadership by Mr. McLoughlin as enhancing the Board’s ability to provide effective independent oversight of the Trust’s operations and meaningful representation of the shareholders’ interests.

 

The Board also believes that having a super-majority of Independent Trustees is appropriate and in the best interest of the Funds’ shareholders. Nevertheless, the Board also believes that having an interested person serve on the Board brings corporate and financial viewpoints that are, in the Board’s view, crucial elements in its decision-making process. In addition, the Board believes that Mr. Aylward, who is currently the Chairman and President of the Adviser, and the President and Chief Executive Officer of Virtus, and serves in various executive roles with other affiliates of the Adviser who provide services to the Trust, provides the Board with the Adviser’s perspective in managing and sponsoring the Virtus Mutual Funds as well as the perspective of other service providers to the Trust. The leadership structure of the Board may be changed at any time and in the discretion of the Board, including in response to changes in circumstances or the characteristics of the Trust.

 

The Board of Trustees has established several standing committees to oversee particular aspects of the Funds’ management. The members of each Committee are set forth below:

 

The Audit Committee

The Audit Committee is responsible for overseeing the Funds’ accounting and auditing policies and practices. The Audit Committee reviews the Funds’ financial reporting procedures, their system of internal control, the independent audit process, and the Funds’ procedures for monitoring compliance with investment restrictions and applicable laws and regulations and with the Code of Ethics. The Audit Committee is composed entirely of Independent Trustees; its members are William R. Moyer, Chairperson, Thomas F. Mann, Philip R. McLoughlin and James M. Oates.

 

The Executive Committee

The function of the Executive Committee is to serve as a delegate of the full Board of Trustees, as well as act on behalf of the Board when it is not in session, subject to limitations as set by the Board. Its members are Philip R. McLoughlin, Chairperson, Thomas F. Mann and William R. Moyer. Each of the members is an Independent Trustee.

 

The Nominating and Governance Committee

The Nominating and Governance Committee is responsible for developing and maintaining governance principles applicable to the Funds, for nominating individuals to serve as Trustees, including as Independent Trustees and annually evaluating the Board and Committees. The Nominating and Governance Committee is composed entirely of Independent Trustees; its members are Thomas F. Mann, Chairperson, Philip R. McLoughlin, William R. Moyer and James M. Oates.

 

The Nominating and Governance Committee considers candidates for trusteeship and makes recommendations to the Board with respect to such candidates. There are no specific required qualifications for trusteeship. The committee considers all relevant qualifications of candidates for trusteeship, such as industry knowledge and experience, financial expertise, current employment and other board memberships, and whether the candidate would be qualified to be considered an Independent Trustee. The Board believes that having among its members a diversity of viewpoints, skills and experience and a variety of complementary skills enhances the effectiveness of the Board in its oversight role. The committee considers the qualifications of candidates for trusteeship in this context.

 

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The Board has adopted a policy for consideration of Trustee nominees recommended by shareholders. With regards to such policy, an individual shareholder or shareholder group submitting a nomination must hold either individually or in the aggregate for at least two full years as of the date of nomination 4% of the shares of a series of the Trust, among other qualifications and restrictions. Shareholders or shareholder groups submitting nominees must comply with all requirements set forth in the Nominating and Governance Committee Charter and any such submission must be in writing, directed to the Trust’s secretary. Shareholder nominees for Trustee will be given the same consideration as any candidate provided the nominee meets certain minimum requirements.

 

Information about Each Trustee’s Qualification, Experience, Attributes or Skills

In addition to the information set forth above, the following provides further information about each Trustee’s specific experience, qualifications, attributes or skills. The information in this section should not be understood to mean that any of the Trustees is an “expert” within the meaning of the federal securities laws.

 

George R. Aylward

In addition to his positions with the Trust, Mr. Aylward is a director and the president and Chief Executive Officer of Virtus, the ultimate parent company of the Adviser. He also holds various executive positions with the Adviser, the Distributor and the Administrator to the Trust and various of their affiliates, and previously held such positions with the former parent company of Virtus. He therefore has experience in all aspects of the development and management of registered investment companies, and the handling of various financial, staffing, regulatory and operational issues. Mr. Aylward is a certified public accountant and holds an MBA, and he also serves as an officer and trustee of other open-end funds managed by the Adviser and its affiliates.

 

Thomas F. Mann

Mr. Mann has over 30 years of experience in various senior management positions at large global finance institutions and small entrepreneurial environments. He is also a trustee of an unaffiliated group of open-end funds.

 

Philip R. McLoughlin

Mr. McLoughlin has extensive knowledge regarding asset management and the financial services industry, having served for a number of years in various executive and director positions of the company that is now Virtus and its affiliates, culminating in his role as chairman and chief executive officer. He also served as legal counsel and chief compliance officer to the investment companies associated with those companies at the time, giving him an understanding of the legal and compliance issues applicable to mutual funds. Mr. McLoughlin also has worked with U.S. and foreign companies in the insurance and reinsurance industry. He is also a director of other closed-end funds managed by the Adviser and its affiliates.

 

William R. Moyer

Mr. Moyer has substantial experience in the asset management and accounting industries. He currently serves as a partner at an investment management consulting firm. Previously, he served for a number of years as Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of the company that is now Virtus and its affiliates. Mr. Moyer also is a certified public accountant and has an extensive background in accounting matters relating to investment companies.

 

James M. Oates

Mr. Oates was instrumental in the founding of a private global finance, portfolio management and administration company, and he has also served in executive and director roles for various types of financial services companies. As a senior officer and director of investment management companies, Mr. Oates has experience in investment management. He also previously served as chief executive officer of two banks, and holds an MBA. Mr. Oates also has experience as a director of other publicly traded companies and has served for a number of years as the Chairman of the Board of a large family of mutual funds unaffiliated with the Trust.

 

Board Oversight of Risk Management

As a registered investment company, the Trust is subject to a variety of risks, including investment risks, financial risks, compliance risks and regulatory risks. As part of its overall activities, the Board oversees the management of the Trust’s risk management structure by the Trust’s Adviser, Administrator, Distributor, officers and others. The responsibility to manage the Funds’ risk management structure on a day-to-day basis is subsumed within the other responsibilities of these parties.

 

The Board then considers risk management issues as part of its general oversight responsibilities throughout the year at regular meetings of the Board and its committees, and within the context of any ad hoc communications with the Trust’s service providers and officers. The Trust’s Adviser, subadvisers, Distributor, officers and legal counsel prepare regular reports to the Board that address certain investment, valuation, compliance and other matters, and the Board as a whole or its committees may also receive special written reports or presentations on a variety of risk issues at the request of the Board, a committee, the Chairman or a senior officer.

 

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The Board receives regular written reports describing and analyzing the investment performance of the Funds. In addition, the portfolio managers of the Funds and senior management of the Funds’ subadvisers meet with the Board periodically to discuss portfolio performance and answer the Board’s questions with respect to portfolio strategies and risks. To the extent that a Fund changes a primary investment strategy, the Board generally is consulted in advance with respect to such change.

 

The Board receives regular written reports from the Trust’s Chief Financial Officer that enable the Board to monitor the number of fair valued securities in the Funds’ portfolios, the reasons for the fair valuation and the methodology used to arrive at the fair value. Such reports also include information concerning illiquid securities within the Funds’ portfolios. The Board and/or the Audit Committee may also review valuation procedures and pricing results with the Funds’ independent auditors in connection with the review of the results of the audit of the Funds’ year-end financial statements.

 

The Board also receives regular compliance reports prepared by the compliance staff of the Adviser and meets regularly with the Trust’s CCO to discuss compliance issues, including compliance risks. As required under applicable rules, the Independent Trustees meet regularly in executive session with the CCO, and the CCO prepares and presents an annual written compliance report to the Board. The CCO, as well as the compliance staff of the Adviser and Virtus, provide the Board with reports on their examinations of functions and processes within the Adviser and the subadvisers that affect the Funds. The Board also adopts compliance policies and procedures for the Trust and approves such procedures for the Trust’s service providers. The compliance policies and procedures are specifically designed to detect and prevent violations of the federal securities laws.

 

In its review of the Funds’ advisory, subadvisory and distribution agreements, the Board reviews information provided by the Adviser, the subadvisers and the Distributor relating to their operational capabilities, financial conditions and resources. The Board may also discuss particular risks that are not addressed in its regular reports and processes.

 

The Board recognizes that it is not possible to identify all of the risks that may affect the Funds or to develop processes and controls to eliminate or mitigate their occurrence or effects. The Board periodically reviews the effectiveness of its oversight of the Funds and the other funds in the Virtus Mutual Funds family, and the processes and controls in place to limit identified risks. The Board may, at any time and in its discretion, change the manner in which it conducts its risk oversight role.

 

Trustee Compensation

Trustees who are not employed by the Adviser or its affiliates receive an annual retainer and fees and expenses for attendance at Board and Committee meetings. Officers and employees of the Adviser of the Funds who are interested persons are compensated for their services by the Adviser of the Funds, or an affiliate of the Adviser of the Funds, and receive no compensation from the Funds. The Trust does not have any retirement plan for its Trustees.

 

There was no compensation paid by the Trust since the Funds’ inception dates. Following is an estimate of the compensation to be paid to the current Trustees during the Trust’s first fiscal year:

 

  Aggregate Compensation from the 
Trust
Total Compensation From Trust and Fund Complex
Paid to Trustees
Independent Trustees    
Thomas F. Mann $42,000 $84,000
Philip R. McLoughlin $60,000 $619,000
William R. Moyer $45,000 $90,000
James M. Oates $40,000 $290,000
Interested Trustee    
George R. Aylward None None

 

Sales Loads

The Trust’s Trustees are permitted to invest in Class I shares of each Fund without initial or subsequent minimum investment requirements. Class I shares do not carry a sales load.

 

Code of Ethics

The Trust, its Adviser, subadvisers and Distributor have each adopted a Code of Ethics pursuant to Rule 17-j1 under the 1940 Act. Personnel subject to the Codes of Ethics may purchase and sell securities for their personal accounts, including securities that may be purchased, sold or held by the Funds, subject to certain restrictions and conditions. Generally, personal securities transactions are subject to preclearance procedures, reporting requirements and holding period rules. The Codes also restrict personal securities transactions in private placements, initial public offerings and securities in which a Fund has a pending order. The Trust has also adopted a Senior Management Code of Ethics as required by Section 406 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

 

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Proxy Voting Policies

The Trust has adopted on behalf of the Funds a Policy Regarding Proxy Voting stating the Trust’s intention to exercise stock ownership rights with respect to portfolio securities in a manner that is reasonably anticipated to further the best economic interests of shareholders of the Funds. The Funds have committed to analyze and vote all proxies that are likely to have financial implications, and where appropriate, to participate in corporate governance, shareholder proposals, management communications and legal proceedings. The Funds must also identify potential or actual conflicts of interest in voting proxies and must address any such conflict of interest in accordance with the Policy.

 

The Policy stipulates that the Funds’ Adviser will vote proxies, or delegate such responsibility to a subadviser. The applicable voting party will vote proxies in accordance with this Policy, or its own policies and procedures, which in no event will conflict with the Trust’s Policy. The Adviser or applicable subadviser may engage a qualified, independent organization to vote proxies on its behalf (a “delegate”). Matters that may affect substantially the rights and privileges of the holders of securities to be voted will be analyzed and voted on a case-by-case basis taking into consideration such relevant factors as enumerated in the Policy. The views of management of a portfolio company will be considered.

 

The Policy specifies certain factors that will be considered when analyzing and voting proxies on certain issues, including, but not limited to:

 

Corporate Governance Matters—tax and economic benefits of changes in the state of incorporation; dilution or improved accountability associated with anti-takeover provisions such as staggered boards, poison pills and supermajority provisions.

 

Stock Option and Other Management Compensation Issues—executive pay and spending on perquisites, particularly in conjunction with sub-par performance and employee layoffs.

 

Social and Corporate Responsibility Issues—the Adviser or subadviser will generally vote against shareholder social and environmental issue proposals.

 

The Funds and their delegates seek to avoid actual or perceived conflicts of interest of Fund shareholders, on the one hand, and those of the Adviser, subadviser, delegate, Distributor, or any affiliated person of the Funds, on the other hand.

 

Depending on the type and materiality, any conflicts of interest will be handled by (i) relying on the recommendations of an established, independent third party proxy voting vendor; (ii) voting pursuant to the recommendation of the delegate; (iii) abstaining; or (iv) where two or more delegates provide conflicting requests, voting shares in proportion to the assets under management of each delegate. The Policy requires each Adviser/subadviser or delegate to notify the President of the Trust of any actual or potential conflict of interest. No Adviser/subadviser or delegate may waive any conflict of interest or vote any conflicted proxies without the prior written approval of the Board of Trustees or the President of the Trust.

 

The Policy further imposes certain record keeping and reporting requirements on each Adviser/subadviser or delegate. Information regarding how the Funds voted proxies relating to portfolio securities during the most recent 12-month period ending June 30 will be available free of charge by calling, toll-free, 800.243.1574, or on the SEC’s Web site at www.sec.gov .

 

CONTROL PERSONS AND PRINCIPAL HOLDERS OF SECURITIES

 

As of August 25, 2014, the persons who owned of record, or were known by the Trust to own beneficially, 5% or more of the outstanding shares of any class of the Funds included in this SAI are shown on Appendix B—Control Persons and Principal Holders of Securities.

 

INVESTMENT ADVISORY AND OTHER SERVICES

 

Investment Adviser

The investment adviser to each of the Funds is Virtus Alternative Investment Advisers, Inc. (“VAIA”), located at 100 Pearl Street, Hartford, Connecticut 06103. VAIA, an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of Virtus, ha d $599.3 million in assets under management as of June 30, 2014.

 

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Investment Advisory Agreement and Expense Limitation Agreement

The investment advisory agreement, approved by the Board of Trustees, provides that the Trust will bear all costs and expenses (other than those specifically referred to as being borne by the Adviser) incurred in the operation of the Trust. Such expenses include, but shall not be limited to, all expenses incurred in the operation of the Trust and any public offering of its shares, including, among others, interest, taxes, brokerage fees and commissions, fees of Trustees who are not employees of VAIA or any of its affiliates, expenses of Trustees, and shareholders’ meetings, expenses of printing and mailing proxy soliciting material, expenses of the insurance premiums for fidelity and other coverage, expenses of the repurchase and redemption of shares, expenses of the issue and sale of shares (to the extent not borne by VP Distributors under its agreement with the Trust), association membership dues, charges of custodians, transfer agents, dividend disbursing agents and financial agents, and bookkeeping, auditing and legal expenses. The Trust will also pay the fees and bear the expense of registering and maintaining the registration of the Trust and its shares with the SEC and registering or qualifying its shares under state or other securities laws and the expense of preparing and mailing prospectuses and reports to shareholders. If authorized by the Board of Trustees, the Trust will also pay for extraordinary expenses and expenses of a non-recurring nature which may include, but shall not be limited to, the reasonable cost of any reorganization or acquisition of assets and the cost of legal proceedings to which the Trust is a party.

 

Each Fund will pay expenses incurred in its own operation and will also pay a portion of the Trust’s general administration expenses allocated on the basis of the asset values of the respective Funds.

 

For managing, or directing the management of, the investments of each fund, VAIA is entitled to a fee, payable monthly, at the following annual rates as calculated on the value of each Fund’s average daily Managed Assets:

 

  Investment Advisory Fee
  1 st  $5 billion $5+ billion
Alternative Income Solution Fund 1.80% 1.75%
Alternative Inflation Solution Fund 1.75% 1.70%
Alternative Total Solution Fund 1.95% 1.90%
Strategic Income Fund 0.80 % 0.75 %

 

For Virtus Alternative Total Solution Fund, the assets of the wholly-owned subsidiary (the “Subsidiary”), organized as a company under the laws of the Cayman Islands, are excluded from the assets on which the above-described management fee is calculated. However, under the terms of a separate investment advisory agreement, the Subsidiary pays VAIA an investment management fee calculated on the value of the Subsidiary’s average daily managed assets at the same rates.

 

VAIA has contractually agreed to limit the annual operating expenses (excluding dividend and interest expenses, taxes, brokerage commissions, extraordinary expenses, and acquired fund fees and expenses (if any)) of the following Funds (expressed as a percentage of average daily managed assets), through the dates indicated:

 

Fund Class A   Class C Class I Through Date
Alternative Income Solution Fund 2.45% 3.20% 2.20% April 30, 2015
Alternative Inflation Solution Fund 2.40% 3.15% 2.15% April 30, 2015
Alternative Total Solution Fund 2.60% 3.35% 2.35% April 30, 2015
Strategic Income Fund 1.40 % 2.15 % 1.15 % February 29, 2016

 

Following the contractual period, the Adviser may discontinue these expense caps and/or fee waivers at any time. The Adviser may recapture operating expenses reimbursed under this arrangement, for a period of three years following the fiscal year in which such reimbursement occurred.

 

The Adviser also may, at its discretion, from time to time pay for other Fund expenses from its own assets, or reduce the management fee of a Fund in excess of that required. Any fee reimbursed and/or any Fund expense absorbed by the Adviser pursuant to an agreed upon expense cap shall be reimbursed by the Fund to the Adviser, if so requested by the Adviser, provided the aggregate amount of the Fund’s current operating expense for such fiscal year does not exceed the applicable limitation on Fund expenses.

 

The investment advisory agreement also provides that the Adviser shall not be liable to the Trust or to any shareholder of the Trust for any error of judgment or mistake of law or for any loss suffered by the Trust or by any shareholder of the Trust in connection with the matters to which the agreement relates, except a loss resulting from willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard on the part of such Adviser in the performance of its duties thereunder.

 

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Provided it has been approved by a vote of the majority of the outstanding shares of a Fund of the Trust which is subject to its terms and conditions, the investment advisory agreement continues from year to year with respect to such Fund so long as (1) such continuance is approved at least annually by the Board of Trustees or by a vote of the majority of the outstanding shares of such Fund and (2) the terms and any renewal of the agreement with respect to such Fund have been approved by the vote of a majority of the Trustees who are not parties to the agreement or interested persons, as that term is defined in the 1940 Act, of the Trust or the relevant Adviser, cast in person at a meeting called for the purpose of voting on such approval. On sixty days’ written notice and without penalty the agreement may be terminated as to the Trust or as to a Fund by the Board of Trustees or by the relevant Adviser and may be terminated as to a Fund by a vote of the majority of the outstanding shares of such Fund. The Agreement automatically terminates upon its assignment (within the meaning of the 1940 Act). The agreement provides that upon its termination, or at the request of the relevant Adviser, the Trust will eliminate all reference to Virtus from its name, and will not thereafter transact business in a name using the word Virtus.

 

Adviser Affiliates

George Aylward, Jennifer Fromm, and Frank Waltman, each serve as an officer of the Trust and as an officer and/or director of the Adviser. The other principal executive officers and directors of the Adviser are: Michael Angerthal, Executive Vice President, Treasurer and a Director; Mark Flynn, Executive Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary; and Yvonne Pytlik, Chief Compliance Officer.

 

Advisory Fees

There were no advisory fees paid by the Funds prior to the date of this SAI.

 

Subadvisers and Subadvisory Agreements

VAIA has entered into subadvisory agreements with respect to each Fund. Each subadvisory agreement provides that VAIA will delegate to the respective subadviser the performance of certain of its investment management services under the Investment Advisory Agreement with respect to each of the Funds for which that subadviser provides subadvisory services. Each subadviser furnishes at its own expense the office facilities and personnel necessary to perform such services. VAIA remains responsible for the supervision and oversight of each subadviser’s performance. Each subadvisory agreement is initially scheduled to remain in effect for two years, and will continue in effect from year to year if specifically approved by the Trustees, including a majority of the Independent Trustees. The subadvisory fees are paid by VAIA out of its advisory fees from the Funds. While the subadvisers appointed to manage the Funds’ assets may change over time as discussed in the Funds’ Prospectuses, the following firms are those entities serving as the Funds’ subadvisers as of the date of this SAI.

 

Cliffwater Investments LLC (“Cliffwater”) – Alternative Income Solution Fund, Alternative Inflation Solution Fund, Alternative Total Solution Fund

Cliffwater, with offices at 100 Pearl Street, Hartford, CT 06103, 4640 Admiralty Way, 11 th Floor, Marina Del Rey, CA 90292, and 545 Madison Avenue, 7 th Floor, New York, NY 10022, is a joint venture of Cliffwater LLC and Virtus Partners, Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of Virtus, and was established in order to jointly develop and launch certain investment products, such as the Funds, to be advised and/or distributed by Virtus affiliates and subadvised by the joint venture.

 

Cliffwater LLC is a leading advisory firm that provides institutional investors with portfolio diversification through alternative investments. The joint venture is designed to leverage Cliffwater LLC's expertise in portfolio construction and its research of more than 4,000 funds. Its research intensive approach to selecting managers is utilized by some of the largest institutions, pension funds and endowments. As of September 30, 2013, Cliffwater LLC had approximately $72 billion of assets under advisement, including approximately $53 billion in alternative strategies. The joint venture was formed in late 2013, and prior to the launch of the Funds did not have any assets under management.

 

Cliffwater makes recommendations to VAIA with respect to hiring and terminating the Funds’ subadvisers. Based on these recommendations, VAIA makes decisions on the hiring and termination of subadvisers, and recommends such decisions to the Board of Trustees. Cliffwater has the authority to implement decisions with respect to a Fund’s portfolio construction and allocation of assets among individual subadvisers.

 

Pursuant to the joint venture arrangement, each of Cliffwater LLC and Virtus Partners, Inc. provides resources to Cliffwater. Cliffwater LLC provides research services, including but not limited to: (i) subadviser due diligence; (ii) subadviser monitoring; and (iii) investment portfolio monitoring and analysis with respect to compliance with each subadviser’s defined investment parameters. Virtus Partners, Inc. provides business management and support services, including but not limited to: (i) accounting support; (ii) regulatory compliance support; (iii) legal support; and (iv) advice and assistance with respect to the day-to-day business. Cliffwater uses the research and other support services provided by the joint venture partners in providing its subadvisory services with respect to the Alternative Income Solution Fund, the Alternative Inflation Solution Fund and the Alternative Total Solution Fund.

 

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For its services to the funds, Cliffwater receives as its subadvisory fee 50% of the net investment management fee remaining after VAIA pays the other Subadvisers and waives and/or pays the funds any amounts applicable under the fee waiver and expense reimbursement arrangements.

 

Armored Wolf, LLC (“Armored Wolf”) – Alternative Inflation Solution Fund and Alternative Total Solution Fund

Armored Wolf was founded in 2008 and focuses on inflation related securities. The firm is 100% employee owned and as of December 31, 2013, managed approximately $925 million in client assets across multiple strategies. The firm is led by its Chief Investment Officer, John Brynjolfsson, who previously spent nineteen years at PIMCO where he launched and ran their $80 billion Real Return Platform. Offices are located at 18111 Van Karman Avenue, Suite 525, Irvine, CA 92612.

 

Ascend Capital, LLC (“Ascend”) – Alternative Total Solution Fund

Ascend is an equity long/short hedge fund manager that as of September 30, 2013 managed approximately $2.8 billion in equity long/short strategies. The firm was founded in 1999 by Malcolm Fairbairn, who previously worked at the Citadel Investment Group, Inc. and at Strom Susskind, L.P. Ascend has 36 employees including 23 investment professionals, and has offices at 4 Orinda Way, Suite 200-C, Orinda, CA 94563 and 50 California Street, Suite 430, San Francisco, CA 94111.

 

Brigade Capital Management, LLC (“Brigade”) - Alternative Income Solution Fund, Alternative Inflation Solution Fund, Alternative Total Solution Fund

Brigade is a global credit specialist firm founded in 2006 by Don Morgan and other senior members of the credit team formerly at MacKay Shields. As of September 30, 2013, Brigade managed $14.7 billion in high yield and credit strategies, including $5.4 billion in its flagship hedge fund, and had 98 employees. The firm is headquartered at 399 Park Avenue, 16 th Floor, New York, NY 10022.

 

Credit Suisse Asset Management (“Credit Suisse”) – Alternative Inflation Solution Fund

Credit Suisse was formed in 1856. Its 47,400 employees in Private Banking, Wealth Management and Investment Banking provide comprehensive financial products and services to companies, institutional clients, and high net worth clients worldwide, as well as retail clients in Switzerland. As of September 30, 2013, Credit Suisse managed $410 billion in total assets, including $11.1 billion in commodities-based strategies. Credit Suisse has offices at One Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10010.

 

Graham Capital Management, L.P. (“Graham”) – Alternative Total Solution Fund

Graham was founded in 1994 by Kenneth Tropin. The firm is an established macro manager that began as a systematic global macro trend-following investment firm but expanded in 1999 to include discretionary global macro trading strategies. As of September 30, 2013, the firm managed approximately $7.3 billion across systematic and discretionary strategies. It is headquartered in 40 Highland Avenue, Rowayton, CT 06853.

 

Harvest Fund Advisors LLC (“Harvest”) - Alternative Income Solution Fund, Alternative Inflation Solution Fund, Alternative Total Solution Fund

Harvest is a specialist MLP manager founded in 2005 by David Martinelli and a group of senior investment and operations professionals. As of September 30, 2013, the firm managed approximately $3 billion in MLP-focused mandates. The firm has 14 professionals headquartered at 100 West Lancaster Avenue, 2 nd Floor, Wayne, PA 19087.

 

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ICE Canyon LLC (“ICE Canyon”) – Alternative Income Solution Fund and Alternative Total Solution Fund

ICE Canyon specializes in emerging markets and global credit investment strategies. The firm was founded in 2006 by Nathan Sandler as a joint venture with Canyon Capital Advisors after a long tenure managing emerging markets credit portfolios at TCW. As of December 31, 2013, ICE Canyon managed approximately $4 billion in emerging market and global credit strategies. The firm is headquartered at 2000 Avenue of the Stars, 11 th Floor, Los Angeles, CA 90067, with additional offices in New York and Abu Dhabi.

 

LaSalle Investment Management Securities, LLC (“LaSalle”) - Alternative Income Solution Fund, Alternative Inflation Solution Fund, Alternative Total Solution Fund

LaSalle was formed in 1985 as Alex. Brown Realty Advisors, a subsidiary of the investment bank of Alex. Brown & Sons in Baltimore. LaSalle is one of the world’s leading real estate investment managers with over 30 years of experience. As of September 30, 2013, LaSalle managed $10 billion of public equity real estate investments. The firm is headquartered in Baltimore, with additional offices in Amsterdam and Hong Kong.

 

Lazard Asset Management LLC (“Lazard”) - Alternative Income Solution Fund, Alternative Inflation Solution Fund, Alternative Total Solution Fund

Lazard is a global investment management firm which was formally established on May 1, 1970, as the US investment management division of parent company Lazard Freres & Co. LLC (LF&Co.). As of September 30, 2013, Lazard managed approximately $159 billion in accordance with a variety of investment strategies. Headquartered in New York City, Lazard also has offices located outside of the United States.

 

MAST Capital Management, L.P. (“MAST”) – Alternative Income Solution Fund and Alternative Total Solution Fund

Founded in 2002, Boston-based MAST Capital Management is a long/short credit manager. As of January 1, 2014, MAST managed approximately $1.3 billion in credit strategies and had 18 employees, including 11 investment professionals.

 

Newfleet Asset Management, LLC (“Newfleet”) – Strategic Income Fund

Newfleet is located at 100 Pearl Street, Hartford, CT and is an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of Virtus and an affiliate of VIA. Newfleet acts as subadviser to open- and closed-end funds and as investment adviser to institutions and individuals. As of June 30 , 201 4 , Newfleet had approximately $ 12.8 billion in assets under management.

 

For its services as a subadviser, VIA pays Newfleet at the rate of 50% of the net advisory fee paid by the Fund for which Newfleet acts as subadviser.

 

Owl Creek Asset Management, L.P. (“Owl Creek”) – Alternative Total Solution Fund

Owl Creek was founded in February 2002 by Jeffrey Altman to employ an event driven, value oriented investment strategy. Owl Creek has offices in New York, and Hong Kong and as of September 30, 2013, managed a total of approximately $3.4 billion in multiple hedge funds including its flagship global event-driven fund, an Asia only event-driven fund and a credit fund. As of September 30, 2013, the firm had 46 employees, primarily located in the New York office.

 

Administrator

Virtus Fund Services, LLC, an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of Virtus and affiliates of the Advisers, is the administrator of the Trust. For its services as administrator Virtus Fund Services is entitled to receive an administration fee at the annual rate of 0.10% of each Fund’s average daily net assets, plus out of pocket expenses.

 

Sub-administrative and Accounting Agent

The Trust has entered into an agreement with BNY Mellon, 301 Bellevue Parkway, Wilmington, DE 19809, pursuant to which BNY Mellon acts as sub-administrative and accounting agent of the Trust.

 

For its services in this capacity for Alternative Income Solution Fund, Alternative Inflation Solution Fund and Alternative Total Solution Fund, BNY Mellon receives a fee based on the Funds’ aggregate average net assets at the following incremental rates:

 

0.0465% for the first $5 billion

0.0325% over $5 billion.

 

The asset-based fee paid to BNY Mellon for its services as the sub-administrative and accounting agent for these funds is subject to an annual minimum of $100,000 per Fund, which BNY Mellon has agreed to waive for the Funds’ first twelve months of operation utilizing BNY Mellon’s services.

 

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For its services in this capacity for Strategic Income Fund, BNY Mellon receives a fee based on the Fund’s average net assets across all non-money market funds within the Virtus Mutual Funds at the following incremental rates:

 

0.0325% for the first $15 billion

0.0225% from $15+ billion to $30 billion

0.0075% from $30+ billion to $50 billion

0.005% over $50 billion

 

In addition to the asset-based fee, BNY Mellon is entitled to certain non-material fees as well as out of pocket expenses.

 

Distributor

VP Distributors, a broker-dealer registered with FINRA and which is an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of Virtus and an affiliate of the Adviser and certain subadvisers, serves as distributor of the Funds’ shares. The principal office of VP Distributors is located at 100 Pearl Street, Hartford, Connecticut 06103. George R. Aylward, Jennifer Fromm and Nancy J. Engberg, each serve as an officer of the Trust and as an officer for the Distributor.

 

The Trust and VP Distributors have entered into an underwriting agreement under which VP Distributors has agreed to use its best efforts to find purchasers for Trust shares and the Trust has granted to VP Distributors the exclusive right to purchase from the Funds and resell, as principal, shares needed to fill unconditional orders for Fund shares. VP Distributors may sell Fund shares through its registered representatives or through securities dealers with whom it has sales agreements. VP Distributors may also sell Fund shares pursuant to sales agreements entered into with bank-affiliated securities brokers who, acting as agent for their customers, place orders for Fund shares with VP Distributors. It is not anticipated that termination of sales agreements with banks and bank affiliated securities brokers would result in a loss to their customers or a change in the NAV per share of a Fund of the Trust.

 

For its services under the underwriting agreement, VP Distributors receives sales charges on transactions in Fund shares and retains such charges less the portion thereof allowed to its registered representatives and to securities dealers and securities brokers with whom it has sales agreements. In addition, VP Distributors may receive payments from the Trust pursuant to the Distribution Plans described below.

 

The underwriting agreement may be terminated at any time by 60 days written notice, without payment of a penalty, by the Distributor, by vote of a majority of the appropriate Class of outstanding voting securities of the Funds, or by vote of a majority of the Trust’s Trustees who are not parties to the underwriting agreement or “interested persons” of any party and who have no direct or indirect financial interest in the operation of the Distribution Plan or in any related agreements. The underwriting agreement will terminate automatically in the event of its “assignment,” as defined in Section 2(a)(4) of the 1940 Act.

 

Dealer Concessions

Dealers with whom the Distributor has entered into sales agreements receive a discount or commission on Class A Shares as described below.

 

Alternative Income Solution Fund, Alternative Inflation Solution Fund and Alternative Total Solution Fund

 

Amount of Transaction
at Offering Price

 

Sales Charge as
Percentage of
Offering Price

 

Sales Charge as
Percentage of
Net Amount Invested

 

Dealer Discount or
Agency Fee as
Percentage of
Offering Price

Less than $50,000   5.75%   6.10%   5.00%
             
$50,000 but under $100,000   4.75   4.99   4.25
             
$100,000 but under $250,000   3.75   3.90   3.25
             
$250,000 but under $500,000   2.75   2.83   2.25
             
$500,000 but under $1,000,000   2.00   2.04   1.75
             
$1,000,000 or more   None   None   None

 

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Strategic Income Fund

 

Amount of Transaction
at Offering Price
  Sales Charge as a
Percentage of
Offering Price
  Sales Charge as a
Percentage of
Amount Invested
  Dealer Discount as a
Percentage of
Offering Price
Under $50,000   3.75%      3.90%      3.25%
             
$50,000 but under $100,000   3.50   3.63   3.00
             
$100,000 but under $250,000   3.25   3.36   2.75
             
$250,000 but under $500,000   2.25   2.30   2.00
             
$500,000 but under $1,000,000   1.75   1.78   1.50
             
$1,000,000 or more   None   None   None

 

With respect to Class C Shares, the Distributor intends to pay investment dealers a sales commission of 1% of the sale price of Class C Shares sold by such dealers. Your broker, dealer or financial advisor may also charge you additional commissions or fees for their services in selling shares to you provided they notify the Distributor of their intention to do so.

 

Dealers and other entities that enter into special arrangements with the Distributor may receive compensation for the sale and promotion of shares of the Funds. Such fees are in addition to the sales commissions referenced above and may be based upon the amount of sales of fund shares by a dealer; the provision of assistance in marketing of Fund shares; access to sales personnel and information dissemination services; and other criteria as established by the Distributor. Depending on the nature of the services, these fees may be paid either from the funds through distribution fees, service fees or in some cases, the Distributor may pay certain fees from its own profits and resources.

 

Dealers and other entities that enter into special arrangements with the Distributor or the Transfer Agent may receive compensation from or on behalf of the funds for providing certain recordkeeping and related services to the funds or their shareholders. These fees may also be referred to as shareholder accounting fees, administrative services fees, sub-transfer agent fees or networking fees. They are not for the sale, promotion or marketing of Fund shares.

 

From its own profits and resources, the Distributor may, from time to time, make payments to qualified wholesalers, registered financial institutions and third party marketers for marketing support services and/or retention of assets. These payments are sometimes referred to as “revenue sharing.” Among others, the Distributor has agreed to make such payments for marketing support services to AXA Advisors, LLC. Additionally, for Virtus fixed income funds, the Distributor may pay broker-dealers a finder’s fee in an amount equal to 0.50% of eligible Class A Share purchases from $1,000,000 to $3,000,000 and 0.25% on amounts greater than $3,000,000. For all other Virtus Mutual Funds, the Distributor may pay broker-dealers a finder’s fee in an amount equal to 0.50% of eligible Class A Share purchases from $1,000,000 to $3,000,000, 0.50% on amounts of $3,000,001 to $10,000,000, and 0.25% on amounts greater than $10,000,000. Purchases of Class A Shares by an account in the name of a qualified employee benefit plan are eligible for a finder’s fee only if such plan has at least 100 eligible employees. A CDSC may be imposed on certain redemptions of such Class A investments within 18 months of purchase. For all Virtus fixed income funds, the CDSC is 0.50%; for all other Virtus Mutual Funds, the CDSC is 1.00%. For purposes of determining the applicability of the CDSC, the 18-month period begins on the last day of the month preceding the month in which the purchase was made. The Distributor will also pay broker-dealers a service fee of 0.25% beginning in the thirteenth month following purchase of Class A Shares on which a finder’s fee has been paid. VP Distributors reserves the right to discontinue or alter such fee payment plans at any time.

 

From its own resources or pursuant to the distribution and shareholder servicing plans, and subject to the dealers’ prior approval, the Distributor may provide additional compensation to registered representatives of dealers in the form of travel expenses, meals, and lodging associated with training and educational meetings sponsored by the Distributor. The Distributor may also provide gifts amounting in value to less than $100, and occasional meals or entertainment, to registered representatives of dealers. Any such travel expenses, meals, lodging, gifts or entertainment paid will not be preconditioned upon the registered representatives’ or dealers’ achievement of a sales target. The Distributor may, from time to time, reallow the entire portion of the sales charge on Class A Shares which it normally retains to individual selling dealers. However, such additional reallowance generally will be made only when the selling dealer commits to substantial marketing support such as internal wholesaling through dedicated personnel, internal communications and mass mailings.

 

The Distributor has also agreed to pay fees to certain distributors for preferred marketing opportunities. These arrangements may be viewed as creating a conflict of interest between these distributors and investors. Investors should make due inquiry of their selling agents to ensure that they are receiving the requisite point of sale disclosures and suitable recommendations free of any influence by reason of these arrangements.

 

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The categories of payments the Distributor and/or the Transfer Agent may make to other parties are not mutually exclusive, and such parties may receive payments under more than one or all categories. These payments could be significant to a party receiving them, creating a conflict of interest for such party in making investment recommendations to investors. Investors should make due inquiry of any party recommending the funds for purchase to ensure that such investors are receiving the requisite point of sale disclosures and suitable recommendations free of any influence by reason of these arrangements.

 

A document containing information about sales charges, including breakpoint (volume) discounts, is available free of charge on the Internet at virtus.com . In the Individual Investors section, go to the tab “Investors Knowledge Base” and click on the link for Breakpoint (Volume) Discounts.

 

Custodian

The Bank of New York Mellon, One Wall Street, New York, NY 10286, serves as the custodian (“Custodian”) of the Funds’ and the Subsidiaries’ assets. The Custodian designated by the Board of Trustees holds the securities in the Funds’ portfolios and other assets for safe keeping. The Custodian does not and will not participate in making investment decisions for the Funds. The Trust has authorized the Custodian to appoint one or more sub-custodians for the assets of the Funds held outside the United States. The securities and other assets of each Fund are held by its Custodian separate from the securities and assets of each other Fund.

 

Transfer Agent and Sub-Transfer Agent

Virtus Fund Services acts as transfer agent for the Trust. Pursuant to a Transfer Agent and Service Agreement, Virtus Fund Services receives a fee, based on the average net assets at an annual rate ranging from 0.045% to 0.0025%, depending on asset class. Virtus Fund Services is authorized to engage subagents to perform certain shareholder servicing functions from time to time for which such agents shall be paid a fee by Virtus Fund Services or the Funds. Pursuant to an agreement among the Trust, Virtus Fund Services and BNY Mellon, BNY Mellon serves as sub-transfer agent to perform certain shareholder servicing functions for the Funds. For performing such services, BNY Mellon receives a monthly fee from the Funds. Fees paid by the Funds, in addition to the fee paid to Virtus Fund Services, will be reviewed and approved by the Board of Trustees.

 

Legal Counsel to the Trust and the Independent Trustees

Sullivan & Worcester, LLP, acts as legal counsel to the Trust and its Independent Trustees and reviews certain legal matters for the Trust in connection with the shares offered by the Prospectus.

 

Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP (“PwC”) serves as the independent registered public accounting firm for the Trust. PwC audits the Trust’s annual financial statements and expresses an opinion thereon. The independent registered public accounting firm also provides other accounting and tax-related services as requested by the Trust from time to time.

 

DISTRIBUTION PLANS

 

The Trust has adopted a distribution plan for each class of shares (except Class I Shares) (i.e., a plan for the Class A Shares and a plan for the Class C Shares; collectively, the “Plans”) in accordance with Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act, to compensate the Distributor for the services it provides and for the expenses it bears under the Underwriting Agreement. Each class of shares pays a service fee at a rate of 0.25% per annum of the average daily net assets of such class of the Fund and a distribution fee based on average daily net assets at the rates of 0.75% per annum for Class C Shares.

 

Expenditures under the Plans may consist of: (i) commissions to sales personnel for selling shares of the Fund (including underwriting fees and financing expenses incurred in connection with the payment of commissions); (ii) compensation, sales incentives and payments to sales, marketing and service personnel; (iii) payments to broker-dealers and other financial institutions which have entered into agreements with the Distributor in the form of the Dealer Agreement for Virtus Mutual Funds for services rendered in connection with the sale and distribution of shares of the Fund; (iv) payment of expenses incurred in sales and promotional activities, including advertising expenditures related to the Fund; (v) the costs of preparing and distributing promotional materials; (vi) the cost of printing the Fund’s Prospectuses and SAI for distribution to potential investors; (vii) expenses related to the cost of financing or providing such financing from the Distributor’s or an affiliate’s resources in connection with the Distributor’s payment of such distribution expenses; and (viii) such other similar services that the Trustees determine are reasonably calculated to result in the sale of shares of the Fund. From the fees received, the Distributor expects to pay a quarterly fee to qualifying broker-dealer firms, as compensation for providing personal services and/or the maintenance of shareholder accounts, with respect to shares sold by such firms. In the case of shares of the Funds being sold to an affiliated fund of funds, fees payable under the Plans shall be paid to the distributor of the fund of funds. This fee will not exceed on an annual basis 0.25% of the average annual NAV of such shares, and will be in addition to sales charges on Fund shares which are re-allowed to such firms. To the extent that the entire amount of the fees received is not paid to such firms, the balance will serve as compensation for personal and account maintenance services furnished by the Distributor. The Distributor also pays to dealers an additional compensation with respect to Class C Shares at the rate of 0.75% of the average annual NAV of that class.

 

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In order to receive payments under the Plans, participants must meet such qualifications to be established in the sole discretion of the Distributor, such as services to the Funds’ shareholders; or services providing the Funds with more efficient methods of offering shares to coherent groups of clients, members or prospects of a participant; or services permitting bulking of purchases or sales, or transmission of such purchases or sales by computerized tape or other electronic equipment; or other processing. Dealers must have an aggregate value of $50,000 or more per Fund CUSIP to qualify for payment in that Fund class.

 

On a quarterly basis, the Funds’ Board of Trustees reviews a report on expenditures under the Plans and the purposes for which expenditures were made. The Trustees conduct an additional, more extensive review annually in determining whether the Plans will be continued. By its terms, continuation of the Plans from year to year is contingent on annual approval by a majority of the Funds’ Trustees and by a majority of the Trustees who are not “interested persons” (as defined in the 1940 Act) and who have no direct or indirect financial interest in the operation of the Plans or any related agreements (the “Plan Trustees”). The Plans provide that they may not be amended to increase materially the costs which the Funds may bear pursuant to the Plans without approval of the shareholders of that class of the Funds and that other material amendments to the Plans must be approved by a majority of the Plan Trustees by vote cast in person at a meeting called for the purpose of considering such amendments. The Plans further provide that while they are in effect, the selection and nomination of Trustees who are not “interested persons” shall be committed to the discretion of the Trustees who are not “interested persons.” The Plans may be terminated at any time by vote of the Plan Trustees or a majority of the outstanding shares of the relevant class of the Funds.

 

No interested person of the Funds other than the Distributor and no Trustee who is not an interested person of the Funds, as that term is defined in the 1940 Act, has had any direct or indirect financial interest in the operation of the Plans or related agreements.

 

FINRA regards certain distribution fees as asset-based sales charges subject to FINRA sales load limits. FINRA’s maximum sales charge rule may require the Board of Trustees to suspend distribution fees or amend the Plans.

 

PORTFOLIO MANAGERS

 

Other Accounts Managed by Portfolio Managers and Potential Conflicts of Interest

As described in each Fund’s prospectuses, the portfolio manager(s) who are responsible for the Funds are:

 

Fund Portfolio Manager(s)
Alternative Income Solution Fund Kathleen Barchick
  Eric Conklin
  Stanley Kraska
  Andrew Lacey
  Joe Lu
  Donald E. Morgan III
  Stephen Nesbitt
  Keith Pauley
  Peter Reed
  Patrick Ryan
  Nathan Sandler
  David Steinberg
  Daniel Stern
  Kyle Waldhauer
   
Alternative Inflation Solution Fund Kathleen Barchick
  John Brynjolfsson
  Christopher Burton
  Eric Conklin
  Stanley Kraska

 

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Fund Portfolio Manager(s)
  Nelson Louie
  Stephen Nesbitt
  Donald E. Morgan III
  Keith Pauley
  Daniel Stern
   
Alternative Total Solution Fund Jeffrey Altman
  Kathleen Barchick
  John Brynjolfsson
  Pablo Calderini
  Eric Conklin
  Malcolm Fairbairn
  Stanley Kraska
  Daniel Krueger
  Jeffrey Lee
  Joe Lu
  Donald E. Morgan III
  Stephen Nesbitt
  Keith Pauley
  Peter Reed
  Sean Reynolds
  Warryn Robertson
  Nathan Sandler
  David Steinberg
  Daniel Stern
  Kenneth G. Tropin
   
Strategic Income Fund David L. Albrycht, CF A
  Francesco Ossino
  Jonathan R. Stanley, CFA

 

There may be certain inherent conflicts of interest that arise in connection with the portfolio managers’ management of a Fund’s investments and the investments of any other accounts they manage. Such conflicts could include the aggregation of orders for all accounts managed by a particular portfolio manager, the allocation of purchases across all such accounts, the allocation of IPOs and any soft dollar arrangements that the relevant subadviser may have in place that could benefit the Funds and/or such other accounts. The Board of Trustees has adopted on behalf of the Funds policies and procedures designed to address any such conflicts of interest to ensure that all transactions are executed in the best interest of the Funds’ shareholders. Each subadviser is required to certify its compliance with these procedures to the Board of Trustees on a quarterly basis. There have been no material compliance issues with respect to any of these policies and procedures during the Funds’ most recent fiscal year. Additionally, any conflicts of interest between the investment strategies of a Fund and the investment strategies of other accounts managed by portfolio managers are not expected to be material since portfolio managers generally manage funds and other accounts having similar investment strategies.

 

The following tables provide information as of January 1, 2014, regarding all accounts managed by the portfolio managers and portfolio management team members for each of the funds as named in the prospectus. In the tables, Registered Investment Companies include all open and closed-end mutual funds. Pooled Investment Vehicles (PIVs) include, but are not limited to, securities of issuers exempt from registration under Section 3(c) of the Investment Company Act, such as private placements and hedge funds. Other accounts would include, but are not limited to, individual managed accounts, separate accounts, institutional accounts, pension funds, collateralized bond obligations and collateralized debt obligations. The portfolio managers managing the Funds may also manage or be members of management teams for other Virtus Mutual Funds or other similar accounts.

 

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Other Accounts Managed (With No Performance-Based Fees)

 

  Registered Investment
Companies
  Other Pooled Investment
Vehicles  (PIVs)
  Other
Accounts
Portfolio Manager

Number

of

Accounts

Total

Assets

 

Number

of

Accounts

Total

Assets

 

Number

of

Accounts

Total

Assets

David L. Albrycht * 13 $ 11.62 billion   1 $ 20 million   0 $ 0
Jeffrey Altman 0 $0   0 $0   0 $0
Kathleen Barchick 0 $0   0 $0   0 $0
John Brynjolfsson 2 $666 million   0 $0   1 $132 million
Christopher Burton 6 $5.92 billion   10 $2.63 billion   14 $2.07 billion
Pablo Calderini 3 $59 million   0 $0   0 $0
Eric Conklin 0 $0   3 $800 million   40 $3 billion
Malcolm Fairbairn 0 $0   0 $0   0 $0
Stanley Kraska 2 $54 million   10 $8 billion   14 $1.50 billion
Daniel Krueger 0 $0   0 $0   0 $0
Andrew Lacey 12 $2.37 billion   13 $1.33 billion   177 $7.09 billion
Jeffrey Lee 0 $0   0 $0   0 $0
Nelson Louie 6 $5.92 billion   10 $2.63 billion   14 $2.07 billion
Joe Lu 0 $0   0 $0   0 $0
Donald E. Morgan III 4 $1.01 billion   7 $3.32 billion   23 $5.47 billion
John Mulquiney 2 $1.01 billion   5 $1.36 billion   8 $1.77 billion
Stephen Nesbitt 0 $0   0 $0   0 $0
Francesco Ossino * 2 $ 1.1 billion   1 $ 5 million   0 $ 0
Keith Pauley 2 $54 million   10 $8 billion   14 $1.50 billion
Peter Reed 0 $0   0 $0   0 $0
Sean Reynolds 1 $7 million   0 $0   0 $0
Warryn Robertson 2 $1.01 billion   8 $1.57 billion   14 $4.21 billion
Amy Robinson 9 $9.30 billion   0 $0   0 $0
Patrick Ryan 4 $368 million   7 $724 million   46 $2.61 billion
Nathan Sandler 0 $0   1 $299 million   1 $116 million
Jonathan R. Stanley * 2 $ 243 million   0 $ 0   0 $ 0
David Steinberg 0 $0   0 $0   0 $0
Daniel Stern 0 $0   0 $0   0 $0
Kenneth G. Tropin 3 $58.5 million   0 $0   0 $0
Kyle Waldhauer 4 $368 million   7 $724 million   46 $2.61 billion

 

Other Accounts Managed with Performance Based Fees

 

  Registered Investment
Companies
  Other Pooled Investment
Vehicles  (PIVs)
  Other
Accounts
Portfolio Manager  

Number

of

Accounts

Total

Assets

 

Number

of

Accounts

Total

Assets

 

Number

of

Accounts

Total

Assets

David L. Albrycht * 0 $ 0   0 $ 0   0 $ 0
Jeffrey Altman 0 $0   9 $3.76 billion   0 $0
Kathleen Barchick 0 $0   0 $0   0 $0
John Brynjolfsson 0 $0   3 $123 million   0 $0
Christopher Burton 0 $0   2 $39 million   0 $0
Pablo Calderini 0 $0   6 $5.09 billion   11 $2.02 million
Eric Conklin 0 $0   1 $15 million   2 $325 million
Malcolm Fairbairn 0 $0   10 $2.36 billion   4 $615 million
Stanley Kraska 0 $0   0 $0   3 $127 million
Daniel Krueger 0 $0   6 $3.37 billion   0 $0
Andrew Lacey 1 $7.90 billion   0 $0   1 $413 milllion

 

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  Registered Investment
Companies
  Other Pooled Investment
Vehicles  (PIVs)
  Other
Accounts
Portfolio Manager  

Number

of

Accounts

Total

Assets

 

Number

of

Accounts

Total

Assets

 

Number

of

Accounts

Total

Assets

Jeffrey Lee 0 $0   7 $3.71 billion   0 $0
Nelson Louie 0 $0   2 $39 million   0 $0
Joe Lu 0 $0   5 $1.27 billion   0 $0
Donald E. Morgan III 0 $0   19 $5.60 billion   0 $0
John Mulquiney 0 $0   0 $0   0 $0
Stephen Nesbitt 0 $0   0 $0   0 $0
Francesco Ossino * 1 $ 71 million   0 $ 0   1 $ 483 million
Keith Pauley 0 $0   0 $0   3 $127 million
Peter Reed 0 $0   5 $1.27 billion   0 $0
Sean Reynolds 0 $0   6 $731 million   0 $0
Warryn Robertson 0 $0   0 $0   2 $1.51 billion
Amy Robinson 1 $2.90 billion   0 $0   0 $0
Patrick Ryan 0 $0   0 $0   0 $0
Nathan Sandler 0 $0   7 $2.8 billion   1 $448 million
Jonathan R. Stanley * 0 $ 0   0 $ 0   0 $ 0
David Steinberg 0 $0   5 $1.27 billion   0 $0
Daniel Stern 0 40   0 $0   0 $0
Kenneth G. Tropin 0 $0   6 $5.09 billion   11 $2.02 billion
Kyle Waldhauer 0 $0   0 $0   0 $0

 

___________

 

* As of June 30, 2014.

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Portfolio Manager Compensation

 

Armored Wolf

Armored Wolf’s portfolio manager compensation structure has three primary components depending upon the position of the employee: (1) a base salary; (2) an annual cash bonus; and (3) a profit participation based on overall firm performance. Armored Wolf personnel also receive certain other benefits that are broadly available to all firm employees. Compensation of all Armored Wolf employees is evaluated on an annual basis. Salaries are paid throughout the year. Cash bonuses and profit participations are typically paid shortly after year-end. Base salary adjustments are put into effect on January 1 st of each year.

 

Armored Wolf seeks to compensate portfolio managers commensurate with their responsibilities and performance, and competitive with other firms within the investment management industry. The performance of portfolio managers is evaluated primarily based on success in achieving portfolio objectives for managed funds and accounts, and considers both current year and longer-term performance objectives. Salary increases, cash bonuses and profit participation are influenced by the overall performance of the firm. While the salaries of Armored Wolf portfolio managers are relatively fixed, cash bonuses and profit participation based on performance may fluctuate substantially from year to year, based on changes in the firm’s financial performance and other factors.

 

Ascend

Ascend compensates its portfolio managers with a “market level” salary, which is reviewed annually. All bonuses paid are tied to the firm’s client account performance as well as to each portfolio manager’s individual performance.

 

Brigade

Each of the Funds’ portfolio managers from Brigade is an equity partner of Brigade. The firm’s management fees and any performance fees paid by clients are paid to Brigade, and after the firm’s expenses are paid the profits are distributed to equity partners based on their level of equity ownership. Additionally, Brigade provides a competitive benefits package.

 

Cliffwater

The Cliffwater portfolio managers receive no compensation from Cliffwater; they are compensated through their employment with the respective joint venture partners. The Cliffwater portfolio managers employed by Cliffwater LLC are partners in Cliffwater LLC, which is not a Virtus affiliate. The compensation of each is a percentage of the profits of Cliffwater LLC. The compensation program for the Cliffwater portfolio manager employed by Virtus Partners, Inc. is summarized below.

 

Virtus and certain of its affiliated investment management firms (collectively, “Virtus”), believe that the firm’s compensation program is adequate and competitive to attract and retain high-caliber investment professionals. Investment professionals at Virtus receive a competitive base salary, an incentive bonus opportunity and a benefits package. Certain professionals who supervise and manage others also participate in a management incentive program reflecting their personal contribution and team performance. Certain key individuals also have the opportunity to take advantage of a long-term incentive compensation program, including potential awards of Virtus restricted stock units (“Virtus RSUs”) with multi-year vesting, subject to Virtus board of directors’ approval. Following is a more detailed description of Virtus’ compensation structure.

 

Base Salary . Each portfolio manager is paid a fixed base salary, which is designed to be competitive in light of the individual’s experience and responsibilities. Base salary is determined using compensation survey results of investment industry compensation conducted by an independent third party in evaluating competitive market compensation for its investment management professionals.

 

Incentive Bonus . Incentive bonus pools are based upon individual firm profits and in some instances overall Virtus profitability. The short-term incentive payment is generally paid in cash, but a portion may be made in Virtus RSUs.

 

Other Benefits. Broad-based plans offered generally to employees of Virtus and its affiliates, including 401(k), health and other employee benefit plans.

 

Credit Suisse

The Credit Suisse portfolio managers are compensated for their services by Credit Suisse. Their compensation includes both a fixed base salary component and a bonus component. The discretionary bonus for each portfolio manager is not tied by formula to the performance of any fund or account. The factors taken into account in determining a portfolio manager’s bonus include the Fund’s performance, assets held in the Fund and other accounts managed by the portfolio managers, business growth, team work, management and corporate citizenship, among others. A portion of the bonus may be paid in phantom shares of Credit Suisse Group AG stock as deferred compensation. Phantom shares are shares representing an unsecured right to receive on a particular date a specified number of registered shares subject to certain terms and conditions.

 

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Graham

Graham employees, including the Fund’s portfolio managers, earn a competitive salary plus bonus based on the success of the firm, in addition to benefits such as medical and profit sharing. The Fund’s portfolio managers are compensated based, in part, on investment performance.

 

Harvest

All Harvest investment personnel are compensated via salary, bonus and profit sharing. Any bonuses and profit sharing for employee-owners, of which the Funds’ portfolio manager is one, are based on a variety of factors including overall performance of the company.

 

ICE Canyon

The founding partners of ICE Canyon, of which the portfolio manager is one, are compensated by salary and ownership/division of the profits of ICE Canyon.

 

LaSalle

Compensation for LaSalle’s investment professionals consists of a base salary and an incentive component which is tied to an individual’s performance. Portfolio managers’ performance is evaluated on the performance of their portfolios when the firm allocates its bonus pool for each individual’s incentive compensation. Certain employees also receive stock compensation.

 

Lazard

Lazard compensates key investment personnel by a competitive salary and bonus structure, which is determined both quantitatively and qualitatively. The quantitative compensation factors include: performance relative to benchmark, performance relative to applicable peer group, absolute return and assets under management. The qualitative compensation factors include: leadership, mentoring and teamwork. Certain employees of Lazard also are eligible to receive restricted stock units of Lazard Ltd. through the Lazard Ltd. Equity Incentive Plan, and restricted interests in shares of certain funds managed by Lazard and its affiliates, each subject to a multi-year vesting schedule and restrictive covenants.

 

The Lazard portfolio managers for the Alternative Income Solution Fund receive a competitive salary and are eligible for bonuses which are determined both quantitatively and qualitatively as described above. The variable component of total compensation for such portfolio managers constitutes the major proportion of total compensation.

 

The Lazard portfolio managers for the Alternative Inflation Solution Fund receive a competitive salary and are eligible for bonuses which are determined both quantitatively and qualitatively as described above. The factors upon which total compensation is based include maintenance of current knowledge and opinions, generation and development of investment ideas, quality of security analysis and the ability and willingness to develop and share ideas on a team basis.

 

All of the portfolio management team members for the Alternative Total Solution Fund receive Lazard Ltd. Stock (which is subject to certain vesting provisions) as part of their compensation. In addition, the senior members of the team including the Fund’s portfolio manager are subject to reinvesting a portion of their bonuses into one or more private funds managed by the team, which is then subject to vesting.

 

MAST

Portfolio Managers at MAST are compensated with a base salary and bonus based on their respective share of the firm’s net incentive fees. The remaining incentive income and all management fees net of expenses are allocated to the firm’s equity holders, including David Steinberg.

 

Newfleet Asset Management

Virtus and certain of its affiliated investment management firms, including Newfleet (collectively, “Virtus”), believe that the firm’s compensation program is adequate and competitive to attract and retain high-caliber investment professionals. Investment professionals at Virtus receive a competitive base salary, an incentive bonus opportunity and a benefits package. Certain professionals who supervise and manage others also participate in a management incentive program reflecting their personal contribution and team performance. Certain key individuals also have the opportunity to take advantage of a long-term incentive compensation program, including potential awards of Virtus restricted stock units (“Virtus RSUs”) with multi-year vesting, subject to Virtus board of directors’ approval. Following is a more detailed description of Virtus’ compensation structure.

 

Base Salary . Each portfolio manager is paid a fixed base salary, which is designed to be competitive in light of the individual’s experience and responsibilities. Base salary is determined using compensation survey results of investment industry compensation conducted by an independent third party in evaluating competitive market compensation for its investment management professionals.

 

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Incentive Bonus . Annual incentive payments are based on targeted compensation levels, adjusted based on profitability, investment performance factors and a subjective assessment of contribution to the team effort. The short-term incentive payment is generally paid in cash, but a portion may be made in Virtus RSUs. Individual payments are assessed using comparisons of actual investment performance with specific peer group or index measures. (Current benchmarks and/or peer groups are indicated in the table below.) Performance of the funds managed is generally measured over one-, three- and five year periods and an individual manager’s participation is based on the performance of each fund/account managed.

 

Fund   Performance Benchmark   Peer Group (Lipper
Universe
Average)
Strategic Income Fund   BofA ML U.S. Dollar Three-Month
LIBOR Constant Maturity Index
  Lipper Alternative Credit Focus

 

While portfolio manager compensation contains a performance component, this component is adjusted to reward investment personnel for managing within the stated framework and for not taking unnecessary risk. This approach ensures that investment management personnel remain focused on managing and acquiring securities that correspond to a Fund’s mandate and risk profile and are discouraged from taking on more risk and unnecessary exposure to chase performance for personal gain. Virtus believes it has appropriate controls in place to handle any potential conflicts that may result from a substantial portion of portfolio manager compensation being tied to performance.

 

Other benefits. Portfolio managers are also eligible to participate in broad-based plans offered generally to employees of Virtus and its affiliates, including 401(k), health and other employee benefit plans.

 

Owl Creek

Each of the portfolio managers of the Funds from Owl Creek are partners of Owl Creek. Partner compensation at Owl Creek includes a base salary plus an allocation of a partnership interest.

 

Portfolio Manager Fund Ownership

As of the date of this SAI, none of the portfolio managers owned any shares of the Funds.

 

BROKERAGE ALLOCATION AND OTHER PRACTICES

 

In effecting transactions for the Funds, the applicable subadviser (throughout this section, “Subadviser”) adheres to the Trust’s policy of seeking best execution and price, determined as described below, except to the extent it is permitted to pay higher brokerage commissions for “brokerage and research services” as defined herein. The determination of what may constitute best execution and price in the execution of a securities transaction by a broker involves a number of considerations including, without limitation, the overall direct net economic result to the Funds (involving both price paid or received and any commissions and other costs paid), the efficiency with which the transaction is effected, the ability to effect the transaction at all where a large block is involved, availability of the broker to stand ready to execute possibly difficult transactions in the future and the financial strength and stability of the broker. Such considerations are judgmental and are weighed by the Subadviser in determining the overall reasonableness of brokerage commissions paid by the Funds.

 

The Subadviser may cause a Fund to pay a broker an amount of commission for effecting a securities transaction in excess of the amount of commission which another broker or dealer would have charged for effecting that transaction if the Subadviser determines in good faith that such amount of commission is reasonable in relation to the value of the brokerage and research services provided by such broker. As provided in Section 28(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, “brokerage and research services” include advising as to the value of securities, the advisability of investing in, purchasing or selling securities, the availability of securities or purchasers or sellers of securities; furnishing analyses and reports concerning issuers, industries, securities, economic factors and trends, portfolio strategy and the performance of accounts, and effecting securities transactions and performing functions incidental thereto (such as clearance and settlement). Brokerage and research services provided by brokers to the Funds are considered to be in addition to and not in lieu of services required to be performed by each Subadviser under its contract with the Trust and may benefit both the Funds and other accounts of the Subadviser. Conversely, brokerage and research services provided by brokers to other accounts of the Subadviser may benefit the Funds.

 

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If the securities in which a particular Fund invests are traded primarily in the over-the-counter market, where possible the Fund will deal directly with the dealers who make a market in the securities involved unless better prices and executions are available elsewhere. Such securities may be purchased directly from the issuer. Bonds and money market instruments are generally traded on a net basis and do not normally involve either brokerage commissions or transfer taxes.

 

Some fund transactions are, subject to the Conduct Rules of the FINRA and to obtaining best prices and executions, effected through dealers (excluding VP Distributors) who sell shares of the Funds.

 

The Trust has implemented, and the Board of Trustees has approved, policies and procedures reasonably designed to prevent (i) the Subadvisers’ personnel responsible for the selection of broker-dealers to effect fund portfolio securities transactions from taking into account, in making those decisions, a broker-dealer’s promotion or sales efforts, and (ii) the Trust, its Adviser, Subadvisers and Distributor from entering into any agreement or other understanding under which the Funds direct brokerage transactions or revenue generated by those transactions to a broker-dealer to pay for distribution of Fund shares. These policies and procedures are designed to prevent the Trust from entering into informal arrangements to direct portfolio securities transactions to a particular broker.

 

The Trust has adopted a policy and procedures governing the execution of aggregated advisory client orders (“bunching procedures”) in an attempt to lower commission costs on a per-share and per-dollar basis. According to the bunching procedures, a Subadviser shall aggregate transactions unless it believes in its sole discretion that such aggregation is inconsistent with its duty to seek best execution (which shall include the duty to seek best price) for the Funds. No advisory account of the Subadviser is to be favored over any other account and each account that participates in an aggregated order is expected to participate at the average share price for all transactions of the Subadviser in that security on a given business day, with all transaction costs share pro rata based on the Fund’s participation in the transaction. If the aggregated order is filled in its entirety, it shall be allocated among the Subadviser’s accounts in accordance with the allocation order, and if the order is partially filled, it shall be allocated pro rata based on the allocation order. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the order may be allocated on a basis different from that specified in the allocation order if all accounts of the Subadviser whose orders are allocated receive fair and equitable treatment and the reason for such different allocation is explained in writing and is approved in writing by the Subadviser’s compliance officer prior to the execution of the order. If an aggregated order is partially filled and allocated on a basis different from that specified in the allocation order, no account that is benefited by such different allocation may intentionally and knowingly effect any purchase or sale for a reasonable period following the execution of the aggregated order that would result in it receiving or selling more shares than the amount of shares it would have received or sold had the aggregated order been completely filled. The Board of Trustees will review these procedures from time to time as they deem appropriate.

 

As of the date of the SAI, the Funds have not paid any brokerage commissions or commissions to any affiliated brokers.

 

Investment decisions for the Trust are made independently from those of the other investment companies or accounts advised by the Subadvisers. It may frequently happen that the same security is held in the portfolio of more than one fund or account. Simultaneous transactions are inevitable when several funds or accounts are managed by the same investment adviser, particularly when the same security is suited for the investment objectives of more than one fund or account. When two or more funds or accounts advised by a Subadviser are simultaneously engaged in the purchase or sale of the same security, the transactions are allocated among the funds or accounts in a manner equitable to each fund or account. It is recognized that in some cases this system could have a detrimental effect on the price or volume of the security as far as the Funds are concerned. In other cases, however, it is believed that the ability of the Funds to participate in volume transactions will produce better executions for the Funds. It is the opinion of the Board of Trustees of the Trust that the desirability of utilizing each Subadviser as an investment adviser to the Funds outweighs the disadvantages that may be said to exist from simultaneous transactions.

 

Securities of Regular Broker-Dealers

The Funds are required to identify the securities of their regular brokers or dealers (as defined in Rule 10b-1 under the 1940 Act) or their parent companies held by the Funds as of the close of their most recent fiscal year. As of the date of this SAI, t he Funds have not yet completed their first fiscal year.

 

T he Funds have directed no transactions to brokers for proprietary and third party research services.

 

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PURCHASE, REDEMPTION AND PRICING OF SHARES

 

How to Buy Shares

For Class A Shares and Class C Shares, the minimum initial investment is $2,500 and the minimum subsequent investment is $100. However, both the initial and subsequent minimum investment amounts are $100 for investments pursuant to the “Systematic Purchase” plan, a bank draft investing program administered by the Transfer Agent, or pursuant to the Systematic Exchange privilege or for an IRA. In addition, there are no subsequent minimum investment amounts in connection with the reinvestment of dividend or capital gain distributions. For Class I Shares, the minimum initial investment is $100,000 and there is no subsequent minimum investment. For purchases of Class I Shares (i) by private clients of the adviser, subadviser and their affiliates, (ii) through certain programs and defined contribution plans with which the Distributor or Transfer Agent has an arrangement or (iii) by Trustees of the funds and directors, officers and employees of Virtus and its affiliates, the minimum initial investment is waived. Completed applications for the purchase of shares should be mailed to: Virtus Mutual Funds, P.O. Box 9874, Providence, RI 02940-8074.

 

The Trust has authorized one or more brokers to accept on its behalf purchase and redemption orders. Such brokers are authorized to designate other intermediaries to accept purchase and redemption orders on the Trust’s behalf. The Trust will be deemed to have received a purchase or redemption order when an authorized broker or, if applicable, a broker’s authorized designee, accepts the order. Customer orders will be priced at the Funds’ NAVs next computed after they are received in good order by an authorized broker or the broker’s authorized designee.

 

Alternative Purchase Arrangements

Shares may be purchased from investment dealers at a price equal to their NAV per share, plus a sales charge which, at the election of the purchaser, may be imposed either (i) at the time of the purchase (the “initial sales charge alternative”) or (ii) on a contingent deferred basis (the “deferred sales charge alternative”). Certain Funds also offers Class I Shares that may be purchased by certain institutional investors at a price equal to their NAV per share. Orders received by dealers prior to the close of trading on the NYSE are confirmed at the offering price effective at that time, provided the order is received by an authorized broker or broker’s authorized designee prior to its close of business.

 

The alternative purchase arrangements permit an investor to choose the method of purchasing shares that is more beneficial given the amount of the purchase, the length of time the investor expects to hold the shares, whether the investor wishes to receive distributions in cash or to reinvest them in additional shares of the Funds, and other circumstances. Investors should consider whether, during the anticipated life of their investment in the Fund, the accumulated continuing distribution and services fees and CDSC on Class C Shares would be less than the initial sales charge and accumulated distribution services fee on Class A Shares purchased at the same time.

 

Investors should understand that the purpose and function of the CDSC and ongoing distribution and services fees with respect to the Class C Shares are the same as those of the initial sales charge and ongoing distribution and services fees with respect to the Class A Shares. The distribution expenses incurred by the Distributor in connection with the sale of the shares will be paid, in the case of Class A Shares, from the proceeds of the initial sales charge and the ongoing distribution and services fee. For Class C Shares, the ongoing distribution and services fee will be used to pay for the distribution expenses incurred by the Distributor. Sales personnel of broker-dealers distributing the Funds’ shares may receive differing compensation for selling Class A Shares and Class C Shares.

 

Dividends paid by a Fund, if any, with respect to each class of shares will be calculated in the same manner at the same time on the same day, except that fees such as higher distribution and services fees and any incremental transfer agency costs relating to each class of shares will be borne exclusively by that class. (See “Dividends, Distributions and Taxes” in this SAI.)

 

Class A Shares

Class A Shares incur a sales charge when they are purchased and enjoy the benefit of not being subject to any sales charge when they are redeemed, except that a CDSC may apply on certain redemptions made within 18 months following purchases on which a finder’s fee has been paid. For Virtus fixed income funds, the CDSC is 0.50%; for all other Virtus Mutual Funds, the CDSC is 1.00%. The CDSC period begins on the last day of the month preceding the month in which the purchase was made. Such deferred sales charges may be waived under certain conditions as determined by the Distributor. Class A Shares are subject to ongoing distribution and services fees at an annual rate of 0.25% of the Fund’s aggregate average daily net assets attributable to the Class A Shares. In addition, certain purchases of Class A Shares qualify for reduced initial sales charges.

 

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Class C Shares

Class C Shares are purchased without an initial sales charge but are subject to a deferred sales charge if redeemed within one year of purchase. The deferred sales charge may be waived in connection with certain qualifying redemptions. Shares issued in conjunction with the automatic reinvestment of income distributions and capital gain distributions are not subject to any sales charges. Class C Shares are subject to ongoing distribution and service fees of up to 1.00% of each Fund’s aggregate average daily net assets attributable to Class C Shares. Class C Shares enjoy the benefit of permitting all of the investor’s dollars to work from the time the investment is made. The higher ongoing distribution and services fee paid by Class C Shares will cause such shares to have a higher expense ratio and to pay lower dividends, to the extent any dividends are paid, than those related to Class A Shares. Class C Shares do not convert to another class of shares and long term investors may therefore pay more through accumulated distribution fees than the economic equivalent of any applicable sales charge and accumulated distribution fees in the other classes.

 

Class I Shares

Class I Shares are offered primarily to clients of financial intermediaries that (i) charge such clients an ongoing fee for advisory, investment, consulting, or similar services; or (ii) have entered into an agreement with the Distributor to offer Class I Shares through a no-load network or platform. Such clients may include pension and profit sharing plans, other employee benefit trusts, endowments, foundations and corporations. Class I Shares are also offered to private and institutional clients of, or referred by, the Adviser, the subadvisers or their affiliates, and to Trustees of the funds and trustees/directors of affiliated open- and closed-end funds, and directors, officers and employees of Virtus and its affiliates.

 

Class A Shares—Reduced Initial Sales Charges

Investors choosing Class A Shares may be entitled to reduced sales charges. The ways in which sales charges may be avoided or reduced are described below. Investors buying Class A Shares on which a finder’s fee has been paid may incur a CDSC if they redeem their shares within 18 months of purchase. For Virtus fixed income funds, the CDSC is 0.50%; for all other Virtus Mutual Funds, the CDSC is 1.00%. The CDSC period begins on the last day of the month preceding the month in which the purchase was made. Such deferred sales charge may be waived under certain conditions as determined by the Distributor or Transfer Agent.

 

Qualified Purchasers

If you fall within any one of the following categories, you will not have to pay a sales charge on your purchase of Class A Shares:

 

(1) trustee, director or officer of any Virtus Mutual Fund, or any other mutual fund advised, subadvised or distributed by the Adviser, Distributor or any of their corporate affiliates;

 

(2) any director or officer, or any full-time employee or sales representative (for at least 90 days), of the applicable Fund’s Adviser, Subadviser (if any) or Distributor;

 

(3) any private client of an Adviser or Subadviser to any Virtus Mutual Fund;

 

(4) registered representatives and employees of securities dealers with whom the Distributor has sales agreements;

 

(5) any qualified retirement plan exclusively for persons described above;

 

(6) any officer, director or employee of a corporate affiliate of the Adviser, a Subadviser or the Distributor;

 

(7) any spouse or domestic partner, child, parent, grandparent, brother or sister of any person named in (1), (2), (4) or (6) above;

 

(8) employee benefit plans for employees of the Adviser, Distributor and/or their corporate affiliates;

 

(9) any employee or agent who retires from the Distributor and/or their corporate affiliates or from Phoenix Life Insurance Company and its corporate affiliates (“PNX”), as long as, with respect to PNX employees or agents, such individual was employed by PNX prior to December 31, 2008;

 

(10) any Virtus direct account held in the name of a qualified employee benefit plan, endowment fund or foundation if, on the date of the initial investment, the plan, fund or foundation has assets of $10,000,000 or more or at least 100 eligible employees;

 

(11) any person with a direct rollover transfer of shares from an established Virtus Mutual Fund or Virtus qualified plan;

 

(12) any state, county, city, department, authority or similar agency prohibited by law from paying a sales charge;

 

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(13) any unallocated account held by a third party administrator, registered investment adviser, trust company, or bank trust department which exercises discretionary authority and holds the account in a fiduciary, agency, custodial or similar capacity, if in the aggregate such accounts held by such entity equal or exceed $1,000,000;

 

(14) any deferred compensation plan established for the benefit of any trustee or director of Virtus, any Virtus Mutual Fund, or any open- or closed-end fund advised, subadvised or distributed by the Adviser, the Distributor or any of their corporate affiliates; provided that sales to persons listed in (1) through (13) above are made upon the written assurance of the purchaser that the purchase is made for investment purposes and that the shares so acquired will not be resold except to the Fund;

 

If you fall within any one of the following categories, you also will not have to pay a sales charge on your purchase of Class A Shares:

 

(15) individuals purchasing through an account with an unaffiliated brokerage firm having an agreement with the Distributor to waive sales charges for its clients;

 

(16) purchasers of Class A Shares bought through investment advisers and financial planners who charge an advisory, consulting or other fee for their services and buy shares for their own accounts or the accounts of their clients;

 

(17) retirement plans and deferred compensation plans and trusts used to fund those plans (including, for example, certain plans qualified or created under Sections 401(a), 403(b) or 457 of the Code), and “rabbi trusts” that buy shares for their own accounts, in each case if those purchases are made through a broker or agent or other financial intermediary that has made special arrangements with the Distributor for such purchases;

 

(18) clients of investment advisors or financial planners who buy shares for their own accounts but only if their accounts are linked to a master account of their investment advisor or financial planner on the books and records of the broker, agent or financial intermediary with which the Distributor has made such special arrangements.

 

Each of the investors described in (15) through (18) may be charged a fee by the broker, agent or financial intermediary for purchasing shares.

 

Combination Purchase Privilege

Your purchase of any class of shares of these Funds or any other Virtus Mutual Fund (other than any money market fund), if made at the same time by the same person, will be added together with any existing Virtus Mutual Fund account values, to determine whether the combined sum entitles you to an immediate reduction in sales charges. Shares of Virtus money market funds, other than money market fund shares acquired by exchanges from other Virtus funds, are not included for combination purchase privileges. A “person” is defined in this and the following sections as either

 

(a) any individual, his or her spouse or domestic partner, children and minor grandchildren purchasing shares for his, her or their own account (including an IRA account) including his, her or their own sole proprietorship or trust where any of the above is a named beneficiary;

 

(b) a trustee or other fiduciary purchasing for a single trust, estate or single fiduciary account (even though more than one beneficiary may exist);

 

(c) multiple accounts (up to 200) under a qualified employee benefit plan or administered by a third party administrator; or

 

(d) trust companies, bank trust departments, registered investment advisers, and similar entities placing orders or providing administrative services with respect to accounts over which they exercise discretionary investment authority and which are held in a fiduciary, agency, custodial or similar capacity, provided all shares are held of record in the name, or nominee name, of the entity placing the order.

 

Right of Accumulation

The value of your account(s) in any class of shares of these Funds or any other Virtus Mutual Fund (other than any money market fund) may be added together at the time of each purchase to determine whether the combined sum entitles you to a prospective reduction in sales charges. Shares of Virtus money market funds, other than money market fund shares acquired by exchanges from other Virtus funds, are not included for rights of accumulation. You must provide certain account information to the Funds and their agents at the time of purchase to exercise this right.

 

Gifting of Shares

If you make a gift of shares of a Virtus Mutual Fund, upon your request you may combine purchases, if made at the same time, of any class of shares of these funds or any other Virtus Mutual Fund (other than any Virtus money market fund) at the sales charge discount allowed for the combined purchase. The receiver of the gift may also be entitled to a prospective reduction in sales charges in accordance with the funds’ right of accumulation or other provisions. You or the receiver of the gift must provide certain account information to Virtus Mutual Funds or their agents at the time of purchase to exercise this right.

 

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Associations

Certain groups or associations may be treated as a “person” and qualify for reduced Class A Share sales charges. The group or association must: (1) have been in existence for at least six months; (2) have a legitimate purpose other than to purchase mutual fund shares at a reduced sales charge; (3) work through an investment dealer; and (4) not be a group whose sole reason for existing is to consist of members who are credit card holders of a particular company, policyholders of an insurance company, customers of a bank or a broker-dealer or clients of an investment adviser.

 

Letter of Intent

If you sign a Letter of Intent, your purchase of any class of shares of these Funds or any other Virtus Mutual Fund (other than any money market fund), if made by the same person within a 13-month period, will be added together to determine whether you are entitled to an immediate reduction in sales charges. Sales charges are reduced based on the overall amount you indicate that you will buy under the Letter of Intent. The Letter of Intent is a mutually non-binding commitment. Since the Funds and their agents do not know whether you will ultimately fulfill the Letter of Intent, shares worth 5% of the amount of each purchase will be set aside until you fulfill the Letter of Intent. When you buy enough shares to fulfill the Letter of Intent, these shares will no longer be restricted. If, on the other hand, you do not satisfy the Letter of Intent, or otherwise wish to sell any restricted shares, you will be given the choice of either buying enough shares to fulfill the Letter of Intent or paying the difference between any sales charge you previously paid and the otherwise applicable sales charge. You will be given 20 days to make this decision. If you do not exercise either election, the Transfer Agent will automatically redeem the number of your restricted shares needed to make up the deficiency in sales charges received. The Transfer Agent will redeem restricted Class A Shares before Class C Shares. Oldest shares will be redeemed before selling newer shares. Any remaining shares will then be deposited to your account.

 

Class A and Class C Shares — Waiver of Deferred Sales Charges

The CDSC is waived on the redemption (sale) of Class A Shares and Class C Shares if the redemption is made:

 

(a) within one year of death;

 

(i) of the sole shareholder on an individual account,

 

(ii) of a joint tenant where the surviving joint tenant is the deceased’s spouse or domestic partner,

 

(iii) of the beneficiary of a Uniform Gifts to Minors Act (UGMA), Uniform Transfers to Minors Act (UTMA) or other custodial account, or

 

(iv) of the “grantor” on a trust account;

 

(b) within one year of disability, as defined in Code Section 72(m)(7);

 

(c) as a mandatory distribution upon reaching age 70  1 / 2 under certain retirement plans qualified under Code Sections 401, 408 or 403(b) or resulting from the tax-free return of an excess contribution to an IRA;

 

(d) by 401(k) plans using an approved participant tracking system for participant hardships, death, disability or normal retirement, and loans which are subsequently repaid;

 

(e) based on the exercise of exchange privileges among Class A Shares and Class C Shares of these Funds or any of the Virtus Mutual Funds;

 

(f) based on any direct rollover transfer of shares from an established Virtus Mutual Fund qualified plan into a Virtus Mutual Fund IRA by participants terminating from the qualified plan; and

 

(g) based on the systematic withdrawal program.

 

If, as described in condition (a) above, an account is transferred to an account registered in the name of a deceased’s estate, the CDSC will be waived on any redemption from the estate account occurring within one year of the death. If the Class B Shares are not redeemed within one year of the death, they will remain subject to the applicable CDSC.

 

How to Redeem Shares

Under the 1940 Act, payment for shares redeemed must ordinarily be made within seven days after tender. The right to redeem shares may be suspended and payment postponed during periods when the NYSE is closed, other than customary weekend and holiday closings, or if permitted by rules of the SEC, during periods when trading on the NYSE is restricted or during any emergency which makes it impracticable for a Fund to dispose of its securities or to determine fairly the value of its net assets or during any other period permitted by order of the SEC for the protection of investors. Furthermore, the Transfer Agent will not mail redemption proceeds until checks received for shares purchased have cleared, which may take up to 15 days or more.

 

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The Trust has authorized one or more brokers to receive on its behalf purchase and redemption orders. Such brokers are authorized to designate other intermediaries to accept purchase and redemption orders on the Trust’s behalf. The Trust will be deemed to have received a purchase or redemption order when an authorized broker or, if applicable, a broker’s authorized designee, accepts the order. Customer orders will be priced at the Funds’ NAVs next computed after they are received in good order by an authorized broker or the broker’s authorized designee.

 

Redemptions by Class C shareholders will be subject to the applicable deferred sales charge, if any.

 

A shareholder should contact his/her broker-dealer if he/she wishes to transfer shares from an existing broker-dealer street name account to a street name account with another broker-dealer. The Funds have no specific procedures governing such account transfers.

 

Redemption of Small Accounts

Each shareholder account in the Funds which has been in existence for at least one year and which has a value of less than $200, due to redemption activity may be redeemed upon the giving of not less than 60 days written notice to the shareholder mailed to the account address of record. During the 60-day period following such notice, the shareholder has the right to add to the account to bring its value to $200 or more. (See the Funds’ current Prospectuses for more information.)

 

Redemptions by Mail

Shareholders may redeem shares by making written request, executed in the full name of the account, directly to Virtus Mutual Funds, P.O. Box 9874, Providence, RI 02940-8074. (See the Funds’ current Prospectuses for more information.)

 

Redemptions by Telephone

Generally, shareholders may redeem by telephone up to $50,000 worth of their shares held in book-entry form. (See the Funds’ current Prospectuses for more information.) Corporations that have completed a Corporate Authorized Trader form may redeem more than $50,000 worth of shares in most instances.

 

Redemptions in Kind

To the extent consistent with state and federal law, the Funds may make payment of the redemption price either in cash or in kind. However, the Funds have elected to pay in cash all requests for redemption by any shareholder of record, limited in respect to each shareholder during any 90-day period to the lesser of $250,000 or 1% of the NAV of the Fund at the beginning of such period. This election has been made pursuant to Rule 18f-1 under the 1940 Act and is irrevocable while the Rule is in effect unless the SEC, by order, permits the withdrawal thereof. In case of a redemption in kind, securities delivered in payment for shares would generally represent the shareholder’s proportionate share of the Fund’s current net assets and be valued at the same value assigned to them in computing the NAV per share of the Fund. A shareholder receiving such securities would incur brokerage costs when selling the securities.

 

Account Reinstatement Privilege

Shareholders who may have overlooked features of their investment at the time they redeemed have a privilege of reinvestment of their investment at NAV. (See the Funds’ current Prospectuses for more information.)

 

Returned/Uncashed Checks Policy

For the protection of Fund shareholders, if you have elected to receive dividends and other distributions in cash, and the check is returned to the Fund as undeliverable or you do not respond to mailings from Virtus with regard to uncashed distribution checks, we may take any of the following actions:

 

The distribution option on your account(s) will be changed to reinvest and all subsequent payments will be reinvested in additional shares of the Fund.

 

Any systematic withdrawal plan will be stopped immediately.

 

If a check is not presented for payment within six months, the Fund reserves the right to reinvest the check proceeds.

 

If reinvested, distributions will be reinvested in the Fund at the earliest date practicable after the waiting period at the then-current NAV of such Fund.

 

No interest will accrue on amounts represented by uncashed dividend, distribution or redemption checks.

 

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This policy may not apply to certain retirement or qualified accounts, closed accounts or accounts under the applicable Fund’s required minimum threshold.

 

Reinvestment of future distributions will continue until you notify us of your election to reinstate cash payment of the dividends and other distributions. You will also be required to confirm your current address and daytime telephone number.

 

Pricing of Shares

The NAV per share of each class of each Fund generally is determined as of the close of regular trading (normally 4:00 PM eastern time) on days when the NYSE is open for trading. The Funds will not calculate its NAV per share class on days when the NYSE is closed for trading. For Money Market Funds, the NAV of each class of each Fund generally is determined as of the times indicated in the table below on each business day, except on those days the SIFMA recommends that the U.S bond market remains closed.

 

The NYSE will be closed on the following observed national holidays: New Year’s Day, Martin Luther King, Jr. Day, Presidents’ Day, Good Friday, Memorial Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day and Christmas Day. Since the Funds do not price securities on weekends or United States national holidays, the NAV of a Fund’s foreign assets may be significantly affected on days when the investor may not be able to purchase or sell shares of the Funds. The NAV per share of a Fund is determined by adding the values of all securities and other assets of the Fund, subtracting liabilities, and dividing by the total number of outstanding shares of the Fund. Assets and liabilities are determined in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles and applicable rules and regulations of the SEC. The total liability allocated to a class, plus that class’s distribution fee and any other expenses allocated solely to that class, are deducted from the proportionate interest of such class in the assets of the Fund, and the resulting amount of each is divided by the number of shares of that class outstanding to produce the NAV per share.

 

A security that is listed or traded on more than one exchange generally is valued at the official closing price on the exchange representing the principal exchange for such security. Because of the need to obtain prices as of the close of trading on various exchanges throughout the world, the calculation of NAV may not take place for any Fund which invests in foreign securities contemporaneously with the determination of the prices of the majority of the portfolio securities of such Fund. The foreign currency exchange rate used to price the currency in which foreign securities are denominated is generally the 4 p.m. Eastern Time spot rate. If at any time a Fund has investments where market quotations are not readily available or are determined not to be reliable indicators of the value of the securities priced, such investments are valued at the fair value thereof as determined in good faith in accordance with policies and procedures approved by the Board of Trustees.

 

Security valuation procedures for each Fund, which include nightly price variance as well as back-testing such as bi-weekly unchanged price, monthly secondary source and transaction analysis, have been approved by the Board of Trustees. All internally fair valued securities are approved by a valuation committee (the “Valuation Committee”) appointed by the Board. The Valuation Committee is comprised of the treasurer and assistant treasurer of the Trust, along with two appointees of the Adviser and two appointees of the Administrator who are identified to the Board of Trustees. All internally fair valued securities, referred to below, are updated daily and reviewed in detail by the Valuation Committee monthly unless changes occur within the period. The Valuation Committee reviews the validity of any model inputs and any changes to the model when applicable. Internal fair valuations are reviewed by the Board of Trustees at least quarterly.

 

Each Fund utilizes a fair value hierarchy which prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value into three broad levels.

 

Level 1 – quoted prices in active markets for identical securities

 

Level 2 – prices determined using other significant observable inputs (including quoted prices for similar securities, interest rates, prepayment speeds, credit risk, etc.)

 

Level 3 – prices determined using significant unobservable inputs (including the valuation committee’s own assumptions in determining the fair value of investments)

 

The inputs or methodologies used for valuing securities are not necessarily an indication of the risk associated with investing in those securities.

 

A description of the valuation techniques applied to a Fund’s major categories of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis is as follows:

 

Equity securities are valued at the official closing price (typically last sale) on the exchange on which the securities are primarily traded, or if no closing price is available, at the last bid price and are categorized as Level 1 in the hierarchy. Restricted equity securities and private placements that are not widely traded, are illiquid or are internally fair valued by the valuation committee, are generally categorized as Level 3 in the hierarchy.

 

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Certain non-U.S. securities may be fair valued in cases where closing prices are not readily available or are deemed not reflective of readily available market prices. For example, significant events (such as movement in the U.S. securities market, or other regional and local developments) may occur between the time that non-U.S. markets close (where the security is principally traded) and the time that a Fund calculates its NAV that may impact the value of securities traded in these non-U.S. markets. In such cases the Funds fair value non-U.S. securities using an independent pricing service which considers the correlation of the trading patterns of the non-U.S. security to the intraday trading in the U.S. markets for investments such as ADRs, financial futures, exchange traded funds, and certain indexes as well as prices for similar securities. Such fair valuations are categorized as Level 2 in the hierarchy. Because the frequency of significant events is not predictable, fair valuation of certain non-U.S. common stocks may occur on a frequent basis.

 

Debt securities, including restricted securities, are valued based on evaluated quotations received from independent pricing services or from dealers who make markets in such securities. For most bond types, the pricing service utilizes matrix pricing which considers one or more of the following factors: yield or price of bonds of comparable quality, coupon, maturity, current cash flows, type, and current day trade information, as well as dealer supplied prices. These valuations are generally categorized as Level 2 in the hierarchy. Structured debt instruments such as mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities may also incorporate collateral analysis and utilize cash flow models for valuation and are generally categorized as Level 2 in the hierarchy. Pricing services do not provide pricing for all securities and therefore indicative bids from dealers are utilized which are based on pricing models used by market makers in the security and are generally categorized as Level 2 in the hierarchy. Debt securities that are not widely traded, are illiquid, or are internally fair valued by the valuation committee are generally categorized as Level 3 in the hierarchy.

 

Listed derivatives that are actively traded are valued based on quoted prices from the exchange and are categorized as Level 1 in the hierarchy.

 

Over-the-counter (OTC) derivative contracts, which include forward currency contracts and equity linked instruments, do not require material subjectivity as pricing inputs are observed from actively quoted markets and are categorized as Level 2 in the hierarchy.

 

Investments in open-end mutual funds are valued at their closing NAV each business day and are categorized as Level 1 in the hierarchy.

 

Short-term notes having a remaining maturity of 60 days or less are valued at amortized cost, which approximates market, and are generally categorized as Level 2 in the hierarchy.

 

INVESTOR ACCOUNT SERVICES AND POLICIES

 

The Funds offer accumulation plans, withdrawal plans and reinvestment and exchange privileges. Certain privileges may not be available in connection with all classes. In most cases, changes to account services may be accomplished over the phone. Inquiries regarding policies and procedures relating to shareholder account services should be directed to the Transfer Agent at 800.243.1574. Broker-dealers may impose their own restrictions and limits on accounts held through the broker-dealer. Please consult with your broker-dealer for account restrictions and limit information. The Funds and their agents reserve the right to modify or terminate these services upon reasonable notice.

 

Exchanges

Under certain circumstances, shares of any Virtus Mutual Fund (except any of the money market funds) may be exchanged for shares of the same class of another Virtus Mutual Fund on the basis of the relative NAVs per share at the time of the exchange. Class C Shares are also exchangeable for Class T Shares of those Virtus Mutual Funds offering them. Exchanges are subject to the minimum initial investment requirement of the designated Fund, except if made in connection with the Systematic Exchange privilege described below. Shareholders may exchange shares held in book-entry form for an equivalent number (value) of the same class of shares of any other Virtus Mutual Fund, if currently offered. Exchanges will be based upon each Fund’s NAV per share next computed following receipt of a properly executed exchange request without sales charge. On exchanges into Class A Shares of a money market fund from Class A Shares of a non-money market fund made within 18 months of a finder’s fee being paid on such non-money market fund shares, a CDSC may be assessed on exchange proceeds. For Virtus fixed income funds, the CDSC is 0.50%; for all other Virtus Mutual Funds, the CDSC is 1.00%. On exchanges with share classes that carry a CDSC, the CDSC schedule of the original shares purchased continues to apply. The exchange of shares is treated as a sale and purchase for federal income tax purposes. (See also “Dividends, Distributions and Taxes” in this SAI.) Exchange privileges may not be available for all Virtus Mutual Funds, and may be rejected or suspended.

 

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In certain circumstances, a Fund, the Distributor or the Transfer Agent may enter into an agreement with a financial intermediary to permit exchanges from one class of a Fund into another class of the same Fund, subject to certain conditions. Such exchanges will only be permitted if, among other things, the financial intermediary agrees to follow procedures established by the Fund, the Distributor or the Transfer Agent, which generally will require that the exchanges be carried out (i) within accounts maintained and controlled by the intermediary, (ii) on behalf of all or a particular segment of beneficial owners holding shares of the affected Fund within those accounts, and (iii) all at once or within a given time period, or as agreed upon in writing by the Fund, the Distributor or the Transfer Agent, and the financial intermediary. A shareholder’s ability to make this type of exchange may be limited by operational or other limitations of his or her financial intermediary or the Fund. Under the Code, generally if a shareholder exchanges shares from one class of a Fund into another class of the same Fund, the transaction should not be subject to U.S. federal income taxes; however, each shareholder should consult both the relevant financial intermediary and the shareholder’s tax advisor regarding the treatment of any specific exchange carried out under the terms of this paragraph.

 

Systematic Exchanges

If the conditions above have been met, you or your broker may, by telephone or written notice, elect to have shares exchanged for the same class of shares of another Virtus Mutual Fund automatically on a monthly, quarterly, semiannual or annual basis or may cancel this privilege at any time. If you maintain an account balance of at least $5,000, or $2,000 for tax qualified retirement benefit plans (calculated on the basis of the NAV of the shares held in a single account), you may direct that shares be automatically exchanged at predetermined intervals for shares of the same class of another Virtus Mutual Fund. Systematic exchanges will be executed upon the close of business on the 10th day of each month or the next succeeding business day. Exchanges will be based upon each Fund’s NAV per share next computed after the close of business on the 10th day of each month (or next succeeding business day), without sales charge. Systematic exchange forms are available from the Transfer Agent.

 

Dividend Reinvestment Across Accounts

If you maintain an account balance of at least $5,000, or $2,000 for tax qualified retirement benefit plans (calculated on the basis of the NAV of the shares held in a single account), you may direct that any dividends and distributions paid with respect to shares in that account be automatically reinvested in a single account of one of the other Virtus Mutual Funds at NAV. You should obtain a current prospectus and consider the objectives and policies of each Virtus Mutual Fund carefully before directing dividends and distributions to another Virtus Mutual Fund. Reinvestment election forms and prospectuses are available from the Transfer Agent. Distributions may also be mailed to a second payee and/or address. Requests for directing distributions to an alternate payee must be made in writing with a signature guarantee of the registered owner(s). To be effective with respect to a particular dividend or distribution, notification of the new distribution option must be received by the Transfer Agent at least three days prior to the record date of such dividend or distribution. If all shares in your account are repurchased or redeemed or transferred between the record date and the payment date of a dividend or distribution, you will receive cash for the dividend or distribution regardless of the distribution option selected.

 

Invest-by-Phone

This expedited investment service allows a shareholder to make an investment in an account by requesting a transfer of funds from the balance of the shareholder’s bank account. Once a request is phoned in, the Transfer Agent or its subagent will initiate the transaction by wiring a request for monies to the shareholder’s commercial bank, savings bank or credit union via ACH. The shareholder’s bank, which must be an ACH member, will in turn forward the monies to the Transfer Agent or its subagent for credit to the shareholder’s account. ACH is a computer based clearing and settlement operation established for the exchange of electronic transactions among participating depository institutions.

 

To establish this service, please complete an Invest-by-Phone Application and attach a voided check if applicable. Upon acceptance of the authorization form (usually within two weeks) shareholders may call toll free 800.367.5877 prior to 3:00 p.m. (Eastern Time) to place their purchase request. Instructions as to the account number and amount to be invested must be communicated to the Transfer Agent. The Transfer Agent or its subagent will then contact the shareholder’s bank via ACH with appropriate instructions. The purchase is normally credited to the shareholder’s account the day following receipt of the verbal instructions. The Fund may delay the mailing of a check for redemption proceeds of Fund shares purchased with a check or via Invest-by-Phone service until the Fund has assured itself that good payment has been collected for the purchase of the shares, which may take up to 15 days. The Trust and the Transfer Agent reserve the right to modify or terminate the Invest-by-Phone service for any reason or to institute charges for maintaining an Invest-by-Phone account.

 

Systematic Withdrawal Program

The Systematic Withdrawal Program allows you to periodically redeem a portion of your account on a predetermined monthly, quarterly, semiannual or annual basis. A sufficient number of full and fractional shares will be redeemed so that the designated payment is made on or about the 20th day of the month. Shares are tendered for redemption by the Transfer Agent, as agent for the shareowner, on or about the 15th of the month at the closing NAV on the date of redemption. The Program also provides for redemptions with proceeds to be directed through ACH to your bank account. For ACH payments, you may select the day of the month for the payments to be made; if no date is specified, the payments will occur on the 15th of the month. In addition to the limitations stated below, withdrawals may not be less than $25 and minimum account balance requirements shall continue to apply.

 

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Shareholders participating in the Program must own shares of a Fund worth $5,000 or more, as determined by the then current NAV per share, and elect to have all dividends reinvested. The purchase of shares while participating in the Program will ordinarily be disadvantageous to the Class A Shares investor since a sales charge will be paid by the investor on the purchase of Class A Shares at the same time as other shares are being redeemed. For this reason, investors in Class A Shares may not participate in an automatic investment program while participating in the Program.

 

Through the Program, Class C shareholders may withdraw up to 1% of their aggregate net investments (purchases, at initial value, to date net of non-Program redemptions) each month or up to 3% of their aggregate net investments each quarter without incurring otherwise applicable CDSCs. Class C shareholders redeeming more shares than the percentage permitted by the Program will be subject to any applicable CDSC on all shares redeemed. Accordingly, the purchase of share classes on which a CDSC may be payable will generally not be suitable for an investor who anticipates withdrawing sums in excess of the above limits shortly after purchase.

 

DIVIDENDS, DISTRIBUTIONS AND TAXES

 

Qualification as a Regulated Investment Company

Each Fund within the Trust is separate for investment and accounting purposes and is treated as a separate corporation for United States federal income tax purposes. Each Fund has elected to qualify and intends to qualify as a RIC under Subchapter M of the Code. In each taxable year that a Fund qualifies as a RIC and distributes to its shareholders as dividends (not including “capital gains dividends,” discussed below) at least 90% of its ordinary investment income and short-term capital gains, with certain modifications, it (but not its shareholders) will be relieved of United States federal income tax on that portion of its net investment income and net capital gains that are currently distributed (or deemed distributed) to its shareholders. To the extent that a Fund fails to distribute all of its taxable income, it will be subject to corporate income tax (currently at a maximum rate of 35%) on any retained ordinary investment income or short-term capital gains and undistributed long-term capital gains.

 

Each Fund intends to make timely distributions, if necessary, sufficient in amount to avoid the non-deductible 4% excise tax that is imposed on a RIC to the extent that it fails to distribute, with respect to each calendar year, at least 98% of its ordinary income (not including tax-exempt interest) for such calendar year and 98.2% of its capital gain net income as determined for a one-year period ending on October 31 of such calendar year (or as determined on a fiscal year basis if the Fund’s fiscal year ends on November 30 or December 31, if the Fund so elects). In addition, an amount equal to any undistributed investment company taxable income or capital gain net income from the previous calendar year must also be distributed to avoid the excise tax. The excise tax is imposed on the amount by which the RIC does not meet the foregoing distribution requirements. If a Fund has taxable income that would be subject to the excise tax, the Fund intends to distribute such income so as to avoid payment of the excise tax. Notwithstanding the foregoing, there may be certain circumstances under which it would be appropriate for a Fund to pay the excise tax.

 

Each Fund must satisfy the following tests each year in order to qualify as a RIC: (a) derive in each taxable year at least 90% of its gross income from dividends, interest and gains from the sale or other disposition of securities and certain other investment income; and (b) meet specified diversification requirements at the end of each quarter of each taxable year. Each Fund intends to satisfy these requirements. With respect to the diversification requirement, each Fund must also diversify its holdings so that, at the close of each quarter of its taxable year, at least 50% of the value of its total assets consists of cash, cash items, United States government securities and securities of other RICs, and other securities limited generally with respect to any one issuer to not more than 5% of the total assets of that Fund and not more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of such issuer, and not more than 25% of the value of its assets is invested in the securities of any one issuer (other than United States government securities or the securities of other RICs). In addition, the Fund may not hold more than 25% of the securities (other than of other RICs) of two or more issuers which the Fund controls and which are engaged in the same or similar trades or businesses or 25% of the securities of one or more qualified publicly traded partnerships. Each Fund intends to comply with all of the foregoing criteria for qualification as a RIC; however, there can be no assurance that each Fund will so qualify and continue to maintain its status as a RIC. If in any taxable year a Fund does not qualify as a RIC or fails to distribute at least 90% of the Fund’s investment company taxable income, all of its taxable income will be taxed at corporate rates, the Fund would not be entitled to deduct distributions to shareholders, and any capital gain dividend would not retain its character in the hands of the shareholder for tax purposes. The Code provides relief for certain de minimis failures to meet the asset or income tests or for certain failures due to reasonable cause. These relief provisions may prevent a Fund from being disqualified as a RIC and/or reduce the amount of tax on the Fund’s income as a result of the failure to meet certain tests.

 

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Taxation of Debt Securities

Certain debt securities can be originally issued or acquired at a discount. Special rules apply under the Code to the recognition of income with respect to such debt securities. Under the special rules, a Fund may recognize income for tax purposes without a corresponding current receipt of cash. In addition, gain on a disposition of a debt security subject to the special rules may be treated wholly or partially as ordinary income, not capital gain.

 

A Fund may invest in certain investments that may cause it to realize income prior to the receipt of cash distributions, including securities bearing original issue discount. The level of such investments is not expected to affect a Fund’s ability to distribute adequate income to qualify as a RIC.

 

Taxation of Derivatives and Foreign Currency Transactions

Many futures contracts and foreign currency contracts entered into by a Fund and all listed non-equity options written or purchased by a Fund (including options on debt securities, options on futures contracts, options on securities indices and options on broad-based stock indices) are governed by Section 1256 of the Code. Absent a tax election to the contrary, gain or loss attributable to the lapse, exercise or closing out of any such position is treated as 60% long-term and 40% short-term capital gain or loss, and on the last trading day of a Fund’s taxable year (and, generally on October 31 for purposes of the 4% excise tax), all outstanding Section 1256 positions are marked-to-market (i.e., treated as if such positions were closed out at their closing price on such day), and any resulting gain or loss is treated as 60% long-term and 40% short-term capital gain or loss. Under certain circumstances, entry into a futures contract to sell a security may constitute a short sale for United States federal income tax purposes, causing an adjustment in the holding period of the underlying security or a substantially identical security in a Fund’s portfolio.

 

Equity options written by a Fund (covered call options on portfolio stock) will be subject to the provisions under Section 1234 of the Code. If a Fund writes a call option, no gain is recognized upon its receipt of a premium. If such an option lapses or is closed out, any gain or loss is treated as a short-term capital gain or loss. If such an option is exercised, any resulting gain or loss is a short-term or long-term capital gain or loss depending on the holding period of the underlying stock.

 

Positions of a Fund which consist of at least one stock and at least one stock option or other position with respect to a related security which substantially diminishes the Fund’s risk of loss with respect to such stock could be treated as a “straddle” that is governed by Section 1092 of the Code, the operation of which may cause deferral of losses, adjustments in the holding periods of stock or securities and conversion of short-term capital losses into long-term capital losses. An exception to these straddle rules exists for any “qualified covered call options” on stock options written by a Fund.

 

Positions of a Fund which consist of at least one debt security not governed by Section 1256 of the Code and at least one futures or currency contract or listed non-equity option governed by Section 1256 of the Code which substantially diminishes the Fund’s risk of loss with respect to such debt security are treated as a “mixed straddle.” Although mixed straddles are subject to the straddle rules of Section 1092 of the Code, certain tax elections exist for them that reduce or eliminate the operation of these rules. Each Fund will monitor these transactions and may make certain tax elections in order to mitigate the operation of these rules and prevent disqualification of the Fund as a RIC for United States federal income tax purposes.

 

Under the Code, gains or losses attributable to fluctuations in exchange rates which occur between the time a Fund accrues interest or other receivables or accrues expenses or other liabilities denominated in a foreign currency and the time it actually collects such receivables or pays such liabilities generally are treated as ordinary income or loss. Similarly, on disposition of debt securities denominated in a foreign currency and on disposition of certain futures contracts, forward contracts and options, gains or losses attributable to fluctuations in the value of the foreign currency between the date of acquisition of the security or contract and the date of disposition also are treated as ordinary income or loss. Generally, these gains and losses, referred to under the Code as Section 988 gains or losses, may increase or decrease the amount of each Fund’s investment company taxable income to be distributed to its shareholders as ordinary income.

 

These special tax rules applicable to options, futures and currency transactions could affect the amount, timing and character of a Fund’s income or loss and hence of its distributions to shareholders by causing holding period adjustments, converting short-term capital losses into long-term capital losses, and accelerating a Fund’s income or deferring its losses.

 

The IRS has not provided guidance on the tax consequences of certain investments and other activities that the Funds may make or undertake. While the Funds will endeavor to treat the tax items arising from these transactions in a manner believed to be appropriate, guarantees cannot be given that the IRS or a court will concur with the Funds’ treatment and that adverse tax consequences will not ensue.

 

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Taxation of Foreign Investments

If a Fund invests in stock of certain passive foreign investment companies, the Fund may be subject to special United States federal income taxation rules applicable to any “excess distribution” with respect to such stock or gain from the disposition of such stock treated as an “excess distribution.” The tax would be determined by allocating such distribution or gain ratably to each day of the Fund’s holding period for the stock. The distributions or gain so allocated to any taxable year of the Fund, other than the taxable year of the excess distribution or disposition, would be taxed to the Fund at the highest ordinary income rate in effect for such year, and the tax would be further increased by an interest charge to reflect the value of the tax deferral deemed to have resulted from the ownership of the foreign company’s stock. Any amount of distribution or gain allocated to the taxable year of the distribution or disposition would be included in the Fund’s investment company taxable income and, accordingly, would not be taxable to the Fund to the extent distributed by the Fund as a dividend to its shareholders. The Fund may elect to mark-to-market (i.e., treat as if sold at their closing market price on the same day) its investments in certain passive foreign investment companies and avoid any tax and/or interest charge on excess distributions.

 

The Funds may be subject to tax on dividend or interest income received from securities of non-United States issuers withheld by a foreign country at the source. The United States has entered into tax treaties with many foreign countries that entitle a Fund to a reduced rate of tax or exemption from tax on income. It is impossible to determine the effective rate of foreign tax in advance since the amount of a Fund’s assets to be invested within various countries is not known. Each Fund intends to operate so as to qualify for tax treaty benefits where applicable. If more than 50% of the value of a Fund’s total assets at the close of its taxable year is comprised of stock or securities issued by foreign corporations, the Fund may elect to “pass through” to the Fund’s shareholders the amount of foreign income taxes paid by the Fund. If a Fund does elect to “pass through,” each shareholder will receive a written statement from the Fund identifying the amount of such shareholder’s pro rata share of (i) the foreign taxes paid and (ii) the Fund’s gross income from foreign sources. In addition, if at least 50% of the value of a Fund’s assets at the close of each quarter of the tax year is represented by interests in other RICs, then such Fund may “pass through” foreign income taxes paid without regard to whether more than 50% of the Fund’s total assets at the close of the tax year consisted of stock and securities issued by foreign corporations. If a Fund passes through foreign taxes, each shareholder will be required to include the amount of such shareholder’s pro rata share of such taxes in gross income (in addition to dividends actually received), and the shareholder will be entitled to deduct such foreign taxes (if the shareholder itemizes deductions) in computing taxable income or claim a credit against U.S. federal income tax liability, subject to limitations.

 

Taxation of Distributions to Shareholders

Certain qualified dividend income and long-term capital gains are taxed at a lower federal income tax rate (maximum 20%) for individual shareholders. The reduced rate for qualified dividend income applies to dividends from domestic corporations and certain qualified foreign corporations subject to various requirements and a minimum holding period applicable to both a Fund and its shareholders. Ordinary distributions made by a Fund to its shareholders are eligible for the reduced rate to the extent the underlying income in the Fund is qualified dividend income. An additional 3.8% tax will generally apply to the lesser of (i) an individual’s net investment income or (ii) the excess of modified adjusted gross income over $200,000 (in the case of single filers) or $250,000 (in the case of a joint return).

 

Distributions made by a Fund from ordinary investment income and net short-term capital gains will be taxed to such Fund’s shareholders as ordinary dividend income to the extent of the earnings and profits of the Fund. Ordinary income dividends received by corporate shareholders of a Fund will qualify for the 70% dividends-received deduction to the extent the Fund designates such amounts as qualifying dividend distributions; however, the portion that may be so designated is subject to certain limitations. Distributions by a Fund that are reported by the Fund as capital gain dividends in written statements furnished to its shareholders (e.g., Form 1099) will be taxed to the shareholders as long-term capital gain, and will not be eligible for the corporate dividends-received deduction.

 

Dividends declared by a Fund to shareholders of record in October, November or December will be taxable to such shareholders in the year that the dividend is declared, even if it is not paid until the following year (so long as it is actually paid by the Fund in January of such following year). Also, shareholders will be taxable on amounts reported by a Fund in written statements to shareholders as capital gain dividends, even if such amounts are not actually distributed to them. Shareholders will be entitled to claim a credit against their own United States federal income tax liability for taxes paid by each Fund on such undistributed capital gains, if any.

 

Dividends and capital gain distributions will be taxable to shareholders as described above whether received in cash or in shares under a Fund’s distribution reinvestment plan. With respect to distributions received in cash or reinvested in shares purchased on the open market, the amount of the distribution for tax purposes will be the amount of cash distributed or allocated to the shareholder.

 

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Shareholders should be aware that the price of shares of a Fund that are purchased prior to a dividend or distribution by the Fund may reflect the amount of the forthcoming dividend or distribution. Such dividend or distribution, when made, would be taxable to shareholders under the principles discussed above even though the dividend or distribution may reduce the NAV of shares below a shareholder’s cost and thus represent a return of a shareholder’s investment in an economic sense.

 

A high portfolio turnover rate may result in the realization of larger amounts of short-term gains, which are taxable to shareholders as ordinary income.

 

Each Fund intends to accrue dividend income for United States federal income tax purposes in accordance with the rules applicable to RICs. In some cases, these rules may have the effect of accelerating (in comparison to other recipients of the dividend) the time at which the dividend is taken into account by the Fund as taxable income.

 

Shareholders should consult their own tax advisors about their tax situations.

 

Income and capital gain distributions are determined in accordance with rules set forth in the Code and the Regulations that may differ from United States Generally Accepted Accounting Principles.

 

Sale or Exchange of Fund Shares

Gain or loss will be recognized by a shareholder upon the sale of his or her shares in a Fund or upon an exchange of his or her shares in a Fund for shares in another Fund. Provided that the shareholder is not a dealer in such shares, such gain or loss will generally be treated as capital gain or loss, measured by the difference between the adjusted basis of the shares and the amount realized from the sale. Under current law, capital gains (whether long-term or short-term) of individuals and corporations are fully includable in taxable income. Capital losses (whether long-term or short-term) may offset capital gains plus (for non-corporate taxpayers only) up to $3,000 per year of ordinary income.

 

Redemptions, including exchanges, of shares may give rise to recognized gains or losses. All or a portion of a loss realized upon the redemption, including exchanges, of shares may be disallowed under “wash sale” rules to the extent shares are purchased (including shares acquired by means of reinvested dividends) within a 61-day period beginning 30 days before and ending 30 days after such redemption. Any loss realized upon a shareholder’s sale, redemption or other disposition of shares with a tax holding period of six months or less will be treated as a long-term capital loss to the extent of any capital gain dividend distributed with respect to such shares. The “wash sale” restrictions also apply to an investor who holds a security both within a tax-deferred account and in a taxable account; sales and repurchases between two accounts will be considered as wash sales.

 

Under certain circumstances, the sales charge incurred in acquiring shares of a Fund may not be taken into account in determining the gain or loss on the disposition of those shares. This rule applies where shares of a Fund are disposed of within 90 days after the date on which they were acquired and new shares of a RIC are acquired without a sales charge or at a reduced sales charge. In that case, the gain or loss realized on the disposition will be determined by excluding from the tax basis of the shares disposed of all or a portion of the sales charge incurred in acquiring those shares. This exclusion applies to the extent that the otherwise applicable sales charge with respect to the newly acquired shares is reduced as a result of the shareholder having incurred a sales charge initially. The portion of the sales charge affected by this rule will be treated as a sales charge paid for the new shares.

 

For shares of a Fund acquired on or after January 1, 2012, each shareholder’s Form 1099 will report the cost basis of any such shares that were redeemed, sold, or exchanged during the year, and the form will report whether the gain or loss is treated as short-term or long-term. This information will be reported to the IRS. Each shareholder should inform the Fund of such shareholder’s cost selection for tax reporting purposes at the time of the sale or exchange of Fund shares or provide in advance a standing cost basis method for the shareholder’s account. If a shareholder does not provide cost basis instructions, the Fund’s default method will be used.

 

Tax Information Notices

Written notices will be sent to shareholders (by United States mail and/or electronic delivery, as applicable) regarding the tax status of all distributions made (or deemed to have been made) during each taxable year, including the amount of qualified dividend income for individuals, the amount qualifying for the corporate dividends-received deduction (if applicable) and the amount of capital gain dividends, undistributed capital gains (if any), tax credits (if applicable), and cumulative return of capital (if any).

 

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Important Notice Regarding Taxpayer IRS Certification and Backup Withholding

Pursuant to the Regulations, the Funds may be required to withhold a percentage of all reportable payments, including any taxable dividends, capital gains distributions or share redemption proceeds, at the specified rate in effect when such payments are made, for an account which does not have a taxpayer identification number and certain required certifications. The Funds reserve the right to refuse to open an account for any person failing to provide a taxpayer identification number along with the required certifications. The Funds will furnish shareholders, within 31 days after the end of the calendar year, with the information that is required by the IRS for preparing income tax returns. The Fund will also provide this same information to the IRS in the manner required by the IRS. Depending on your state of residence, the information may also be filed with your state taxing authority.

 

Some shareholders may be subject to withholding of United States federal income tax on dividends and redemption payments from the Funds (“backup withholding”) at the specified rate in effect when such payments are made. Corporate shareholders and certain other shareholders specified in the Code generally are exempt from such backup withholding. Generally, shareholders subject to backup withholding will be (i) those for whom a certified taxpayer identification number is not on file with the Fund, (ii) those about whom notification has been received (either by the shareholder or the Fund) from the IRS that they are subject to backup withholding or (iii) those who, to the Fund’s knowledge, have furnished an incorrect taxpayer identification number. Generally, to avoid backup withholding, a shareholder must, at the time an account is opened, certify under penalties of perjury that the social security number or taxpayer identification number furnished is correct and that he or she is not subject to backup withholding. From time to time, the shareholder may also be requested to provide certification of the validity of their taxpayer identification number.

 

Foreign Shareholders

Dividends paid by any of the Funds from net investment income and net realized short-term capital gains to a shareholder who is a nonresident alien individual, a foreign trust or estate, a foreign corporation or a foreign partnership (a “foreign shareholder”) will be subject to United States withholding tax at a rate of 30% unless a reduced rate of withholding or a withholding exemption is provided under an applicable tax treaty. Foreign shareholders are urged to consult their own tax advisors concerning the applicability of the United States withholding tax and any foreign taxes.

 

Other Tax Consequences

In addition to the United States federal income tax consequences described above, there may be other foreign, United States federal, state or local tax considerations and estate tax considerations applicable to the circumstances of a particular investor. The foregoing discussion is based upon the Code, judicial decisions and administrative regulations, rulings and practices in effect as of January 2014, all of which are subject to change and which, if changed, may be applied retroactively to a Fund, its shareholders and/or its assets. No rulings have been sought from the IRS or any other tax authority with respect to any of the tax matters discussed above.

 

From time to time, proposals are introduced before the United States Congress that if enacted would affect the foregoing discussion with respect to taxes and could also affect the availability of certain investments to a Fund.

 

The information included in the Prospectus with respect to taxes, including this section entitled Dividends, Distributions and Taxes, is a general and abbreviated summary of applicable provisions of the Code and Regulations as interpreted by the courts and the IRS as of January 2014 and is not intended as tax advice to any person. The Code and Regulations, as well as the current interpretations thereof, may be changed at any time by legislative, judicial, or administrative action. Accordingly, prospective purchasers are urged to consult their own tax advisors with specific reference to their own tax situations, including the potential application of United States federal, state, local and foreign tax laws.

 

Except as expressly set forth above, the foregoing discussion of United States federal income tax law relates solely to the application of that law to United States persons, i.e., United States citizens and residents and United States corporations, partnerships, trusts and estates. Each shareholder who is not a United States person should consider the United States and foreign tax consequences of ownership of shares of a Fund, including the possibility that such a shareholder may be subject to a United States withholding tax at a rate of 30% (or at a lower rate under an applicable tax treaty) on amounts constituting ordinary income received by him or her, where such amounts are treated as income from United States sources under the Code. The foregoing discussion does not address the special tax rules applicable to certain classes of investors, such as dealers in securities or currencies, traders in securities, banks, tax-exempt entities, life insurance companies, persons holding an interest in a Fund as a hedge or as part of a straddle or conversion transaction, or holders whose functional currency is not the United States dollar.

 

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Tax Sheltered Retirement Plans

Shares of the Funds are offered in connection with the following retirement plans: IRA, Rollover IRA, SEP-IRA, SIMPLE IRA, Roth IRA, 401(k), Profit-Sharing, Money Purchase Pension Plans and certain 403(b) Retirement Plans. Write or call the Distributor at 800.243.4361 for further information about the plans.

 

PERFORMANCE INFORMATION

 

Performance information for the Funds (and any class of the Funds) may be included in advertisements, sales literature or reports to shareholders or prospective investors. Performance information in advertisements and sales literature may be expressed as a yield of a class of shares and as a total return of a class of shares.

 

The Funds may from time to time include in advertisements containing total return the ranking of those performance figures relative to such figures for groups of mutual funds having similar investment objectives as categorized by ranking services such as Lipper Analytical Services, Inc., CDA Investment Technologies, Inc., Weisenberger Financial Services, Inc. and Morningstar, Inc. Additionally, each Fund may compare its performance results to other investment or savings vehicles (such as certificates of deposit) and may refer to results published in various publications such as Changing Times, Forbes, Fortune, Money, Barrons, Business Week and Investor’s Business Daily, Stanger’s Mutual Fund Monitor, The Stanger Register, Stanger’s Investment Adviser, The Wall Street Journal, The New York Times, Consumer Reports, Registered Representative, Financial Planning, Financial Services Weekly, Financial World, U.S. News and World Report, Standard & Poor’s The Outlook and Personal Investor . The Funds may from time to time illustrate the benefits of tax deferral by comparing taxable investments to investments made through tax-deferred retirement plans. The total return may also be used to compare the performance of each Fund against certain widely acknowledged outside standards or indices for stock and bond market performance, such as the S&P 500 ® Index, Dow Jones Industrial Average, Barclays U.S. Aggregate Bond Index, Dow Jones Wilshire Real Estate Securities Index (Full Cap), Russell Midcap ® Growth Index, MSCI EAFE ® (Europe Australasia Far East) Index, Consumer Price Index, Barclays Corporate Index, and the Barclays T-Bond Index.

 

Advertisements, sales literature and other communications may contain information about the Funds’ and their subadvisers’ current investment strategies and management style. Current strategies and style may change to allow the Funds to respond quickly to changing market and economic conditions. From time to time the Funds may include specific portfolio holdings or industries in such communications. To illustrate components of overall performance, each Fund may separate its cumulative and average annual returns into income and capital gains components.

 

Performance information reflects only the performance of a hypothetical investment in each class during the particular time period on which the calculations are based. Performance information should be considered in light of a Fund’s investment objectives and policies, characteristics and quality of the portfolio, and the market condition during the given time period, and should not be considered as a representation of what may be achieved in the future.

 

Total Return

Standardized quotations of average annual total return for each class of shares will be expressed in terms of the average annual compounded rate of return for a hypothetical investment in such class of shares over periods of 1, 5 and 10 years or up to the life of the class of shares, calculated for each class separately pursuant to the following formula: P((1+T)(n)) = ERV (where P = a hypothetical initial payment of $1,000, T = the average annual total return, n = the number of years, and ERV = the ending redeemable value of a hypothetical $1,000 payment made at the beginning of the period). All total return figures reflect the deduction of a proportional share of each class’s expenses (on an annual basis), deduction of the maximum initial sales load in the case of Class A Shares and the maximum CDSC applicable to a complete redemption of the investment in the case of Class C Shares, and assume that all dividends and distributions on each class of shares are reinvested when paid.

 

For average “after-tax” total return, the SEC rules mandate several assumptions, including that the calculations use the historical highest individual federal marginal income tax rates at the time of reinvestment, and that the calculations do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Actual after-tax returns depend on an investor’s tax situation and may differ from those shown. These returns, for instance, assume that an investor has sufficient capital gains of the same character from other investments to offset any capital losses from the redemption. As a result, returns after taxes on distributions and sale of Fund shares may exceed returns after taxes on distributions (but before sale of Fund shares). These returns are not relevant to investors who hold their Fund shares through tax-deferred arrangements.

 

The Funds may also compute cumulative total return for specified periods based on a hypothetical account with an assumed initial investment of $10,000. The cumulative total return is determined by dividing the NAV of this account at the end of the specified period by the value of the initial investment and is expressed as a percentage. Calculation of cumulative total return reflects payment of the of the Class A Share’s maximum sales charge of 5.75% for the Funds and assumes reinvestment of all income dividends and capital gain distributions during the period.

 

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The Funds also may quote annual, average annual and annualized total return and cumulative total return performance data, for any class of shares of the Funds, both as a percentage and as a dollar amount based on a hypothetical $10,000 investment for various periods other than those noted above. Such data will be computed as described above, except that (1) the rates of return calculated will not be average annual rates, but rather, actual annual, annualized or cumulative rates of return and (2) the maximum applicable sales charge will not be included with respect to annual, annualized or cumulative rate of return calculations.

 

Yield

The 30-day yield quotation as to a class of shares may be computed by dividing the net investment income for the period as to shares of that class by the maximum offering price of each share of that class on the last day of the period, according to the following formula:

 

YIELD =  2[( a-b + 1) 6 – 1]
      cd

 

Where:

a = dividends and interest earned during the period.

b = net expenses accrued for the period.

c = the average daily number of shares of the class outstanding during the period that were entitled to receive dividends.

d = the maximum offering price per share of the class on the last day of the period.

 

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

The fiscal year of the Trust ends on October 31. The Trust will send financial statements to the Funds’ shareholders at least semiannually. An annual report containing financial statements audited by the Trust’s independent registered public accounting firm, PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, will be sent to shareholders each year and will be available without charge upon request.

 

As of the date of this SAI, the Trust has not yet completed its first fiscal year. However, the trust was provided with seed money and has prepared seed money financial statements, which have been filed with the Trust’s registration statement. PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP has audited the Trust’s seed money financial statements and their opinion thereon has also been filed with the registration statement.

 

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APPENDIX A — DESCRIPTION OF RATINGS

 

A-1 and P-1 Commercial Paper Ratings

The Trust will only invest in commercial paper which at the date of investment is rated A-1 by Standard & Poor’s Corporation or P-1 by Moody’s Investors Services, Inc. (Moody’s), or, if not rated, is issued or guaranteed by companies which at the date of investment have an outstanding debt issue rated AA or higher by Standard & Poor’s or Aa or higher by Moody’s.

 

Commercial paper rated A-1 by Standard & Poor’s Corporation (“S&P”) has the following characteristics: Liquidity ratios are adequate to meet cash requirements. Long-term senior debt is rated “A” or better. The issuer has access to at least two additional channels of borrowing. Basic earnings and cash flow have an upward trend with allowance made for unusual circumstances. Typically, the issuer’s industry is well established and the issuer has a strong position within the industry. The reliability and quality of management are unquestioned.

 

The rating P-1 is the highest commercial paper rating assigned by Moody’s. Among the factors considered by Moody’s in assigning ratings are the following: (1) evaluation of the management of the issuer; (2) economic evaluation of the issuer’s industry or industries and an appraisal of speculative-type risks which may be inherent in certain areas; (3) evaluation of the issuer’s products in relation to competition and customer acceptance; (4) liquidity; (5) amount and quality of long-term debt; (6) trend of earnings over a period of ten years; (7) financial strength of a parent company and the relationship which exists with the issuer; and (8) recognition by the management of obligations which may be present or may arise as a result of public interest questions and preparations to meet such obligations.

 

Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. Corporate Bond Ratings 

Aaa: Bonds which are rated Aaa are judged to be of the best quality. They carry the smallest degree of investment risk and are generally referred to as “gilt-edge.” Interest payments are protected by a large or exceptionally stable margin and principal is secure. While the various protective elements are likely to change, such changes as can be visualized are most unlikely to impair the fundamentally strong position of such issues.
Aa: Bonds which are rated Aa are judged to be of high quality by all standards. Together with the Aaa group, they comprise what are generally known as high grade bonds. They are rated lower than the best bonds because margins of protection may not be as large as in Aaa securities or fluctuation of protective elements may be of greater amplitude or there may be other elements present which make the long-term risks appear somewhat larger than in Aaa securities.
A: Bonds which are rated A possess many favorable investment attributes and are to be considered as upper medium grade obligations. Factors giving security to principal and interest are considered adequate but elements may be present which suggest a susceptibility to impairment sometime in the future.
Baa: Bonds which are rated Baa are considered as medium grade obligations, i.e., they are neither highly protected nor poorly secured. Interest payments and principal security appear adequate for the present but certain protective elements may be lacking or may be characteristically unreliable over any great length of time. Such bonds lack outstanding investment characteristics and in fact have speculative characteristics as well.
Ba: Bonds which are rated Ba are judged to have speculative elements; their future cannot be considered as well assured. Often the protection of interest and principal payments may be very moderate and thereby not well safeguarded during both good and bad times over the future. Uncertainty of position characterizes bonds in this class.
B: Bonds which are rated B generally lack characteristics of the desirable investment. Assurance of interest and principal payments or of maintenance of other terms of the contract over any long period of time may be small.
Caa: Bonds which are rated Caa are of poor standing. Such issues may be in default or there may be present elements of danger with respect to principal or interest.
Ca: Bonds which are rated Ca represent obligations which are speculative in a high degree. Such issues are often in default or have other marked shortcomings.
C: Bonds which are rated C are the lowest rated class of bonds and issues so rated can be regarded as having extremely poor prospects of ever attaining any real investment standing.

 

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Standard and Poor’s Corporation Corporate Bond Ratings

AAA: This is the highest rating assigned by Standard & Poor’s to a debt obligation and indicates an extremely strong capacity to pay principal and interest.
AA: Bonds rated AA also qualify as high-quality debt obligations. Capacity to pay principal and interest is very strong, and in the majority of instances they differ from AAA issues only in small degree.
A: Bonds rated A have a strong capacity to pay principal and interest, although they are somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of changes in circumstances and economic conditions.
BBB: Bonds rated BBB are regarded as having an adequate capacity to pay principal and interest. Whereas they normally exhibit protection parameters, adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances are more likely to lead to a weakened capacity to pay principal and interest for bonds in this category than for bonds in the A category.

BB, B,

CCC, CC:

Bonds rated BB, B, CCC and CC are regarded, on balance, as predominantly speculative with respect to issuer’s capacity to pay interest and repay principal in accordance with the terms of the obligation. BB indicates the lowest degree of speculation and CC the highest degree of speculation. While such bonds will likely have some quality and protective characteristics, these are outweighed by large uncertainties or major risk exposures to adverse conditions.
D: Debt rated D is in payment default. The D rating category is used when interest payments or principal payments are not made on the date due even if the applicable grace period has not expired, unless S&P believes that such payments will be made during such grace period. The D rating also will be used upon the filing of a bankruptcy petition if debt service payments are jeopardized.
  Plus (+) and minus (–) signs are used with a rating symbol to indicate the relative position of a credit within the rating categories.

 

Fitch Corporate Bond Ratings

AAA Bonds rated AAA are considered to be investment grade and of the highest credit quality. The obligor has an exceptionally strong ability to pay interest and repay principal, which is unlikely to be affected by reasonably foreseeable events.
AA Bonds rated AA are considered to be investment grade and of very high credit quality. The obligor s ability to pay interest and repay principal is very strong, although not quite as strong as bonds rated AAA. Because bonds rated in the AAA and AA categories are not significantly vulnerable to foreseeable future developments, short-term debt of these issuers is generally rated F-1+.
A Bonds rated A are considered to be investment grade and of high credit quality. The obligor s ability to pay interest and repay principal is considered to be strong, but may be more vulnerable to adverse changes in economic conditions and circumstances than bonds with higher ratings.
BBB Bonds rated BBB are considered to be investment grade and of satisfactory credit quality. The obligor s ability to pay interest and repay principal is considered to be adequate. Adverse changes in economic conditions and circumstances, however, are more likely to have an adverse impact on these bonds and, therefore, impair timely payment. The likelihood that the ratings of these bonds will fall below investment grade is higher than for bonds with higher ratings.
BB Bonds rated BB are considered speculative. The obligor s ability to pay interest and repay principal may be affected over time by adverse economic changes. However, business and financial alternatives can be identified which could assist the obligor in satisfying its debt service requirements.
B Bonds rated B are considered highly speculative. While bonds in this class are currently meeting debt service requirements, the probability of continued timely payment of principal and interest reflects the obligor s limited margin of safety and the need for reasonable business and economic activity throughout the life of the issue.
CCC Bonds rated CCC have certain identifiable characteristics, which, if not remedied, may lead to default. The ability to meet obligations requires an advantageous business and economic environment.
CC Bonds rated CC are minimally protected. Default in payment of interest and/or principal seems probable over time.
C Bonds rated C are in imminent default in payment of interest or principal.
DDD, DD and D Bonds rated DDD, DD and D are in actual default of interest and/or principal payments. Such bonds are extremely speculative and should be valued on the basis of their ultimate recovery value in liquidation or reorganization of the obligor. DDD represents the highest potential for recovery on these bonds and D represents the lowest potential for recovery.
  Plus (+) and minus (–) signs are used with a rating symbol to indicate the relative position of a credit within the rating categories.

 

110
 

APPENDIX B — CONTROL PERSONS AND PRINCIPAL HOLDERS OF SECURITIES

The following table sets forth information as of August 24, 2014 with respect to each person who owns of record or is known by the Trust to own of record or beneficially 5% or more of any class of the Trust’s outstanding equity securities.

* These entities are omnibus accounts for many individual shareholder accounts unless noted otherwise. The Funds are not aware of the size or identity of the underlying individual accounts thereof.

 

Name of Shareholder Fund and Class

Percentage

of Class (%)

BNYM I S TRUST CO

Custodian for the IRA of Michael T Carr, Veazie, ME 04401-7009

Alternative Inflation Solution Fund –
Class A

 

17.69

BNYM I S TRUST CO

Custodian for the IRA Rollover of Teri Jordan Carr, Veazie, ME 04401-7009

Alternative Inflation Solution Fund –
Class A

 

17.58

BNYM I S TRUST CO

Custodian for the IRA of Thomas N. Fogler, Exeter, ME 04435-3412

Alternative Inflation Solution Fund –
Class A

 

8.61

BNYM I S TRUST CO

Custodian for the IRA of Shelley Palmer-Burgess, Dedham, ME 04429-4013

Alternative Inflation Solution Fund –
Class A

 

7.66

BNYM I S TRUST CO

Custodian for the IRA Rollover of William Palmer, Carmel, ME 04419-3553

Alternative Total Solution Fund –
Class A

 

6.57

* Charles Schwab & Co Inc.

Special Custody Account For the Benefit of its Customers, Attn Mutual Funds

101 Montgomery St

San Francisco Ca 94104-4122

Alternative Total Solution Fund –
Class A

 

8.01

Delmont E Hartt

Sheila A Hartt Jtwros

Carmel Me 04419-3301

Alternative Income Solution Fund –
Class A
37.96

Galen P Mckenney TOD

Corinna, ME 04928-3514

Alternative Inflation Solution Fund –
Class A
21.29

Karla K Schuster

Garland TX 75040

Alternative Income Solution Fund –
Class C
15.11

* Pershing LLC

1 Pershing Plaza

Jersey City NJ 07399-0002

Alternative Total Solution Fund –
Class C
23.19

* Pershing LLC

1 Pershing Plaza

Jersey City NJ 07399-0002

Alternative Inflation Solution Fund –
Class C
8.8

Stifel Nicolaus & Co Inc.

A/C 5162-7875

William H Albano

St. Louis, MO 63102

Alternative Total Solution Fund –
Class C
13.65

Stifel Nicolaus & Co Inc.

A/C 8042-7450

Judy Rifkin IRA

St. Louis, MO 63102

Alternative Total Solution Fund –
Class C
9.71

Stifel Nicolaus & Co Inc.

A/C 1566-0982

Michael Borsuk Irrev. Trust

St. Louis, MO 63102

Alternative Total Solution Fund –
Class A
8.4

Stifel Nicolaus & Co Inc.

A/C 8284-2407

Lester N Shafran & Beth A Shafran JT TEN

St. Louis, MO 63102

Alternative Total Solution Fund –
Class C
5.55

 

 

 

Name of Shareholder Fund and Class

Percentage

of Class (%)

Suzan D Wadley

David N Wadley TTEES

Tulsa OK 74133-4224

Alternative Income Solution Fund –
Class A

 

32.96

TD Ameritrade Clearing, Custodian

Mark D Woofter Rollover IRA

14567 Woodcrest Dr.

Clive IA 50325-7753

Alternative Total Solution Fund –
Class C

 

5.51

Virtus Partners Inc.

100 Pearl Street, 8 th Floor

Hartford, CT 06103-4500

Alternative Inflation Solution Fund –
Class I
99.7

Virtus Partners Inc.

100 Pearl Street, 8 th Floor

Hartford, CT 06103-4500

Alternative Income Solution Fund –
Class I
98.93

Virtus Partners Inc.

100 Pearl Street, 8 th Floor

Hartford, CT 06103-4500

Alternative Total Solution Fund –
Class I
98.08

Virtus Partners Inc.

100 Pearl Street, 8 th Floor

Hartford, CT 06103-4500

Alternative Inflation Solution Fund –
Class C
91.2

Virtus Partners Inc.

100 Pearl Street, 8 th Floor

Hartford, CT 06103-4500

Alternative Income Solution Fund –
Class C
84.89

Virtus Partners Inc.

100 Pearl Street, 8 th Floor

Hartford, CT 06103-4500

Alternative Total Solution Fund –
Class C
28.12

Virtus Partners Inc.

100 Pearl Street, 8 th Floor

Hartford, CT 06103-4500

Alternative Income Solution Fund –
Class A
26.72

Virtus Partners Inc.

100 Pearl Street, 8 th Floor

Hartford, CT 06103-4500

Alternative Inflation Solution Fund –
Class A
23.29

William Palmer Trustee

C/F William Palmer SERP

Carmel Me 04419-3553

 

Alternative Total Solution Fund –
Class A
6.92

 

 

 

 

 

VIRTUS ALTERNATIVE SOLUTIONS TRUST

 

PART C — OTHER INFORMATION

 

Item 28.  Exhibits

 

(a) Agreement and Declaration of Trust.
1. Amended and Restated Agreement and Declaration of Trust of the Registrant dated December 3, 2013, filed via EDGAR with Pre-effective Amendment No. 3 (File No. 333-191940) to the Registration Statement on March 28, 2014, and incorporated herein by reference.

 

(b) Bylaws.
1. Amended and Restated By-Laws of the Registrant dated December 3, 2013, filed via EDGAR with Pre-effective Amendment No. 3 (File No. 333-191940) to the Registration Statement on March 28, 2014, and incorporated herein by reference.

 

(c) Reference is made to Articles III, V and VI of Registrant’s Agreement and Declaration of Trust and Articles II, VII and VIII of Registrant’s By-Laws. See Exhibits (a) and (b).

 

(d) Investment Advisory Contracts.
1. Investment Advisory Agreement between the Registrant and Virtus Alternative Investment Advisers, Inc. (“VAIA”) effective February 19, 2014, filed via EDGAR with Pre-effective Amendment No. 3 (File No. 333-191940) to the Registration Statement on March 28, 2014, and incorporated herein by reference.

 

*a) First Amendment to the Investment Advisory Agreement between the Registrant and VAIA effective September 8, 2014, filed via EDGAR herewith.

 

2. Subadvisory Agreement between VAIA and Armored Wolf, LLC (“Armored Wolf”) with respect to Virtus Alternative Inflation Solution Fund and Virtus Alternative Total Solution Fund filed via EDGAR with Pre-effective Amendment No. 4 (File No. 333-191940) to the Registration Statement on April 4, 2014, and incorporated herein by reference.

 

3. Subadvisory Agreement between VAIA and Ascend Capital LLC (“Ascend”) with respect to Virtus Alternative Total Solution Fund filed via EDGAR with Pre-effective Amendment No. 4 (File No. 333-191940) to the Registration Statement on April 4, 2014, and incorporated herein by reference.

 

4. Subadvisory Agreement between VAIA and Brigade Capital Management, LLC (“Brigade”) with respect to Virtus Alternative Income Solution Fund, Virtus Alternative Inflation Solution Fund and Virtus Alternative Total Solution Fund filed via EDGAR with Pre-effective Amendment No. 4 (File No. 333-191940) to the Registration Statement on April 4, 2014, and incorporated herein by reference.

 

5. Subadvisory Agreement between VAIA and Cliffwater with respect to Virtus Alternative Income Solution Fund, Virtus Alternative Inflation Solution Fund and Virtus Alternative Total Solution Fund filed via EDGAR with Pre-effective Amendment No. 4 (File No. 333-191940) to the Registration Statement on April 4, 2014, and incorporated herein by reference.

 

6. Subadvisory Agreement between VAIA and Credit Suisse Asset Management, LLC (“Credit Suisse”) with respect to Virtus Alternative Inflation Solution Fund filed via EDGAR with Pre-effective Amendment No. 4 (File No. 333-191940) to the Registration Statement on April 4, 2014, and incorporated herein by reference.

 

7. Subadvisory Agreement between VAIA and Graham Capital Management, L.P. (“GCM”) with respect to Virtus Alternative Total Solution Fund filed via EDGAR with Pre-effective Amendment No. 5 (File No. 333-191940) to the Registration Statement on April 16, 2014, and incorporated herein by reference.

 

8. Subadvisory Agreement between VAIA and Harvest Fund Advisors LLC (“Harvest”) with respect to Virtus Alternative Income Solution Fund, Virtus Alternative Inflation Solution Fund and Virtus Alternative Total Solution Fund filed via EDGAR with Pre-effective Amendment No. 4 (File No. 333-191940) to the Registration Statement on April 4, 2014, and incorporated herein by reference.

 

C- 1
 

 

9. Subadvisory Agreement between VAIA and ICE Canyon LLC (“ICE Canyon”) with respect to Virtus Alternative Income Solution Fund and Virtus Alternative Total Solution Fund filed via EDGAR with Pre-effective Amendment No. 5 (File No. 333-191940) to the Registration Statement on April 16, 2014, and incorporated herein by reference.

 

10. Subadvisory Agreement between VAIA and LaSalle Investment Management Securities, LLC (“LaSalle”) with respect to Virtus Alternative Income Solution Fund, Virtus Alternative Inflation Solution Fund and Virtus Alternative Total Solution Fund filed via EDGAR with Pre-effective Amendment No. 4 (File No. 333-191940) to the Registration Statement on April 4, 2014, and incorporated herein by reference.

 

11. Subadvisory Agreement between VAIA and Lazard Asset Management LLC (“Lazard”) with respect to Virtus Alternative Income Solution Fund, Virtus Alternative Inflation Solution Fund and Virtus Alternative Total Solution Fund filed via EDGAR with Pre-effective Amendment No. 4 (File No. 333-191940) to the Registration Statement on April 4, 2014, and incorporated herein by reference.

 

12. Subadvisory Agreement between VAIA and MAST Capital Management, LLC (“MAST”) with respect to Virtus Alternative Income Solution Fund and Virtus Alternative Total Solution Fund filed via EDGAR with Pre-effective Amendment No. 4 (File No. 333-191940) to the Registration Statement on April 4, 2014, and incorporated herein by reference.

 

13. Subadvisory Agreement between VAIA and Owl Creek Asset Management, L.P. with respect to Virtus Alternative Total Solution Fund filed via EDGAR with Pre-effective Amendment No. 4 (File No. 333-191940) to the Registration Statement on April 4, 2014, and incorporated herein by reference.

 

14. Investment Advisory Agreement between VAIA and VATS Offshore Fund, Ltd. (“VATS”) filed via EDGAR with Pre-effective Amendment No. 5 (File No. 333-191940) to the Registration Statement on April 16, 2014, and incorporated herein by reference.

 

15. Subadvisory Agreement between VAIA and Cliffwater with respect to VATS filed via EDGAR with Pre-effective Amendment No. 5 (File No. 333-191940) to the Registration Statement on April 16, 2014, and incorporated herein by reference.

 

16. Subadvisory Agreement between VAIA and GCM with respect to VATS filed via EDGAR with Pre-effective Amendment No. 5 (File No. 333-191940) to the Registration Statement on April 16, 2014, and incorporated herein by reference.

 

17. *Subadvisory Agreement between VAIA and Newfleet Asset Management, LLC (“Newfleet”) with respect to Virtus Strategic Income Fund filed via EDGAR herewith.

 

(e) Underwriting Agreement
1. Underwriting Agreement with VP Distributors, LLC (“VP Distributors”) dated February 19, 2014, filed via EDGAR with Pre-effective Amendment No. 3 (File No. 333-191940) to the Registration Statement on March 28, 2014, and incorporated herein by reference.

 

2. Form of Sales Agreement between VP Distributors and dealers ( April 1 , 2014), filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit e.2) with Post -effective Amendment No. 99 to the Registration Statement of Virtus Equity Trust (File No. 002-16590 ) on July 28 , 2014, and incorporated herein by reference.

 

(f) None.

 

(g) Custodian Agreement
1. Custody Agreement between Registrant and The Bank of New York Mellon dated March 21, 2014, filed via EDGAR with Pre-effective Amendment No. 3 (File No. 333-191940) to the Registration Statement on March 28, 2014, and incorporated herein by reference.

 

a) Amendment to Custody Agreement between the Registrant and T he Bank of New York Mellon dated as of August 19, 2014, filed via EDGAR here with.

 

C- 2
 

 

2. Foreign Custody Manager Agreement between Registrant and The Bank of New York Mellon filed via EDGAR with Pre-effective Amendment No. 4 (File No. 333-191940) to the Registration Statement on April 4, 2014, and incorporated herein by reference.

 

a) Amendment to Foreign Custody Manager Agreement between the Registrant and The Bank of New York Mellon dated as of August 19, 2014, filed via EDGAR herewith.

 

(h) Other Material Contracts
1. Transfer Agency and Service Agreement between Registrant and Virtus Fund Services, LLC (“Virtus Fund Services”) effective February 19, 2014, filed via EDGAR with Pre-effective Amendment No. 3 (File No. 333-191940) to the Registration Statement on March 28, 2014, and incorporated herein by reference.

 

2. Sub-Transfer Agency and Shareholder Services Agreement among Virtus Equity Trust, Virtus Insight Trust, Virtus Opportunities Trust, Virtus Fund Services and BNY Mellon Investment Servicing (US) Inc. (“BNY Mellon”), dated April 15, 2011, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit h.6) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 54 to the Registration Statement of Virtus Insight Trust (File No. 033-64915) on April 27, 2012 and incorporated herein by reference.

 

a) Amendment to Sub-Transfer Agency and Shareholder Services Agreement among Virtus Equity Trust, Virtus Insight Trust, Virtus Opportunities Trust, Virtus Fund Services and BNY Mellon effective August 19, 2014, filed via EDGAR herewith .

 

b) Adoption and Amendment Agreement among the Registrant, Virtus Equity Trust, Virtus Insight Trust, Virtus Opportunities Trust Virtus Fund Services and BNY Mellon filed via EDGAR with Pre-effective Amendment No. 4 (File No. 333-191940) to the Registration Statement on April 4, 2014, and incorporated herein by reference.

 

3. Administration Agreement between the Registrant and Virtus Fund Services effective February 19, 2014, filed via EDGAR with Pre-effective Amendment No. 3 (File No. 333-191940) to the Registration Statement on March 28, 2014, and incorporated herein by reference.

 

*a) First Amendment to Administration Agreement between the Registrant and Virtus Fund Services effective September 8, 2014, filed via EDGAR herewith.

 

4. Sub-Administration and Accounting Services Agreement among Virtus Equity Trust, Virtus Insight Trust, Virtus Opportunities Trust, VP Distributors (since assigned to Virtus Fund Services) and BNY Mellon, dated January 1, 2010, filed via EDGAR with Post-Effective Amendment No. 50 to the Registration Statement of Virtus Insight Trust (File No. 033-64915) on February 25, 2010 and incorporated herein by reference.

 

a) First Amendment to Sub-Administration and Accounting Services Agreement among Virtus Equity Trust, Virtus Insight Trust, Virtus Opportunities Trust, VP Distributors (since assigned to Virtus Fund Services) and BNY Mellon, dated June 30, 2010, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit h.13.) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 52 to the Registration Statement of Virtus Insight Trust (File No. 033-64915) on April 28, 2011, and incorporated herein by reference.

 

b) Second Amendment to Sub-Administration and Accounting Services Agreement among Virtus Equity Trust, Virtus Insight Trust, Virtus Opportunities Trust, VP Distributors (since assigned to Virtus Fund Services) and BNY Mellon, dated September 14, 2010 filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit h.14.) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 52 to the Registration Statement of Virtus Insight Trust (File No. 033-64915) on April 28, 2011 and incorporated herein by reference.

 

c) Third Amendment to Sub-Administration and Accounting Services Agreement among Virtus Equity Trust, Virtus Insight Trust, Virtus Opportunities Trust, VP Distributors (since assigned to Virtus Fund Services) and BNY Mellon, dated March 15, 2011 filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit h.15.) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 52 to the Registration Statement of Virtus Insight Trust (File No. 033-64915) on April 28, 2011 and incorporated herein by reference.

 

d) Fourth Amendment to Sub-Administration and Accounting Services Agreement among Virtus Equity Trust, Virtus Insight Trust, Virtus Opportunities Trust, VP Distributors (since assigned to Virtus Fund Services) and BNY Mellon, dated August 28, 2012, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit h.4.d) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 56 to the Registration Statement of Virtus Insight Trust (File No. 033-64915) on April 29, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference.

 

C- 3
 

 

e) Fifth Amendment to Sub-Administration and Accounting Services Agreement among Virtus Equity Trust, Virtus Insight Trust, Virtus Opportunities Trust, VP Distributors (since assigned to Virtus Fund Services) and BNY Mellon, dated December 18, 2012, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit h.4.e) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 56 to the Registration Statement of Virtus Insight Trust (File No. 033-64915) on April 29, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference.

 

f) Sixth Amendment to Sub-Administration and Accounting Services Agreement among Virtus Equity Trust, Virtus Insight Trust, Virtus Opportunities Trust, Virtus Fund Services and BNY Mellon, dated June 10, 2013, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit h.4.f) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 64 to the Registration Statement of Virtus Opportunities Trust (File No. 033-65137) on June 10, 2013, and incorporated herein by reference.

 

g) Seventh Amendment to Sub-Administration and Accounting Services Agreement among Virtus Equity Trust, Virtus Insight Trust, Virtus Opportunities Trust, Virtus Fund Services and BNY Mellon, dated December 18, 2013, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit h.4.g) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 70 to the Registration Statement of Virtus Opportunities Trust (File No. 033-65137) on January 27, 2014, and incorporated herein by reference.

 

h) Joinder Agreement and Amendment to Sub-Administration and Accounting Services Agreement among the Registrant, Virtus Equity Trust, Virtus Insight Trust, Virtus Opportunities Trust, Virtus Variable Insurance Trust, VATS, Virtus Fund Services and BNY Mellon filed via EDGAR with Pre-effective Amendment No. 3 (File No. 333-191940) to the Registration Statement on March 28, 2014, and incorporated herein by reference.

 

i) * Amended Exhibit B to Sub-Administration and Accounting Services Agreement among the Registrant, VET, VIT, VOT, Virtus Fund Services and BNY Mellon, dated August 19, 2014, filed via EDGAR herewith.

 

5. *Amended and Restated Expense Limitation Agreement between the Registrant and VAIA , effective September 8, 2014 filed via EDGAR herewith .

 

(i) Legal Opinion

 

1. * Opinion of Counsel as to legality of the shares filed via EDGAR here with.

 

(j) Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm filed via EDGAR herewith .

 

(k) Not applicable.

 

(l) Not applicable.

 

(m) Rule 12b-1 Plans.

 

1. Class A Shares Distribution Plan Pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”) filed via EDGAR with Pre-effective Amendment No. 3 (File No. 333-191940) to the Registration Statement on March 28, 2014, and incorporated herein by reference.

 

*a) Amendment No. 1 to Class A Shares Distribution Plan Pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act filed via EDGAR herewith.

 

2. Class C Shares Distribution Plan Pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act filed via EDGAR with Pre-effective Amendment No. 3 (File No. 333-191940) to the Registration Statement on March 28, 2014, and incorporated herein by reference.

 

*a) Amendment No. 1 to Class C Shares Distribution Plan Pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act filed via EDGAR herewith.

 

(n) Rule 18f-3 Plan Pursuant to Rule 18f-3 under the 1940 Act filed via EDGAR with Pre-effective Amendment No. 3 (File No. 333-191940) to the Registration Statement on March 28, 2014, and incorporated herein by reference.

 

1. Amendment No. 1 to Plan Pursuant to Rule 18f-3 under the 1940 Act filed via EDGAR herewith.

 

(o) Reserved

 

C- 4
 

(p) Code of Ethics
1. Amended and Restated Code of Ethics of the Registrant and other Virtus Funds dated March 25, 2014, filed via EDGAR with Pre-effective Amendment No. 3 (File No. 333-191940) to the Registration Statement on March 28, 2014, and incorporated herein by reference.

 

2. * Amended and Restated Code of Ethics of VAIA, VP Distributors, Cliffwater , Newfleet and other Virtus Affiliates dated July 1 , 2014, filed via EDGAR here with.

 

3. Code of Ethics of subadviser Armored Wolf effective April 1, 2014, filed via EDGAR with Pre-effective Amendment No. 3 (File No. 333-191940) to the Registration Statement on March 28, 2014, and incorporated herein by reference.

 

4. Code of Ethics of subadviser Ascend dated March 2014, filed via EDGAR with Pre-effective Amendment No. 3 (File No. 333-191940) to the Registration Statement on March 28, 2014, and incorporated herein by reference.

 

5. Code of Ethics of subadviser Brigade effective January 1, 2014, filed via EDGAR with Pre-effective Amendment No. 3 (File No. 333-191940) to the Registration Statement on March 28, 2014, and incorporated herein by reference.

 

6. Code of Ethics of subadviser Credit Suisse filed via EDGAR with Pre-effective Amendment No. 3 (File No. 333-191940) to the Registration Statement on March 28, 2014, and incorporated herein by reference.

 

7. Code of Ethics of subadviser GCM effective July 2013, filed via EDGAR with Pre-effective Amendment No. 3 (File No. 333-191940) to the Registration Statement on March 28, 2014, and incorporated herein by reference.

 

8. Code of Ethics of subadviser Harvest dated August 9, 2013, filed via EDGAR with Pre-effective Amendment No. 3 (File No. 333-191940) to the Registration Statement on March 28, 2014, and incorporated herein by reference.

 

9. Code of Ethics of subadviser ICE Canyon dated February 10, 2014, filed via EDGAR with Pre-effective Amendment No. 3 (File No. 333-191940) to the Registration Statement on March 28, 2014, and incorporated herein by reference.

 

10. Code of Ethics of subadviser LaSalle effective October 22, 2013, filed via EDGAR with Pre-effective Amendment No. 3 (File No. 333-191940) to the Registration Statement on March 28, 2014, and incorporated herein by reference.

 

11. Code of Ethics of subadviser Lazard dated September 2012, filed via EDGAR with Pre-effective Amendment No. 3 (File No. 333-191940) to the Registration Statement on March 28, 2014, and incorporated herein by reference.

 

12. Code of Ethics of subadviser MAST filed via EDGAR with Pre-effective Amendment No. 3 (File No. 333-191940) to the Registration Statement on March 28, 2014, and incorporated herein by reference.

 

13. Code of Ethics of subadviser Owl Creek dated March 2014, filed via EDGAR with Pre-effective Amendment No. 3 (File No. 333-191940) to the Registration Statement on March 28, 2014, and incorporated herein by reference.

 

(q) Power of Attorney for all Trustees, dated February 10, 2014, filed via EDGAR with Pre-Effective Amendment No. 1 (File No. 333-191940) to the Registration Statement on February 10, 2014, and incorporated herein by reference.

 

 
    *Filed Herewith

 

 

C- 5
 

 

Item 29. Persons Controlled By or Under Common Control with the Fund

 

None.

 

Item 30. Indemnification

 

The indemnification of Registrant’s principal underwriter against certain losses is provided for in Section 18 of the Underwriting Agreement incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit e.1 of the Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on March 28, 2014. Indemnification of Registrant’s Custodian is provided for in section 9.9 of the Custody Agreement incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit g.1 of the Registration Statement filed on March 28, 2014. The indemnification of Registrant’s Transfer Agent is provided for, in Article 6 of the Transfer Agency and Service Agreement incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit h.1 of the Registration Statement filed on March 28, 2014. The Trust has entered into Indemnification Agreements with each trustee effective as of December 5, 2013, filed herewith, whereby the Registrant shall indemnify the trustee for expenses incurred in any proceeding in connection with the trustee’s service to the Registrant subject to certain limited exceptions.

 

In addition, Article VII sections 2 and 3 of the Registrant’s Agreement and Declaration of Trust incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit a.1 of the Registration Statement filed on March 28, 2014 , provides in relevant part as follows:

 

“A Trustee, when acting in such capacity, shall not be personally liable to any Person, other than the Trust or a Shareholder to the extent provided in this Article VII, for any act, omission or obligation of the Trust, of such Trustee or of any other Trustee. The Trustees shall not be responsible or liable in any event for any neglect or wrongdoing of any officer, agent, employee, Manager or Principal Underwriter of the Trust. The Trust (i) may indemnify an agent of the Trust or any Person who is serving or has served at the Trust’s request as an agent of another organization in which the Trust has any interest as a shareholder, creditor or otherwise and (ii) shall indemnify each Person who is, or has been, a Trustee, officer or employee of the Trust and any Person who is serving or has served at the Trust’s request as a director, officer, trustee, or employee of another organization in which the Trust has any interest as a shareholder, creditor or otherwise, in the case of (i) and (ii), to the fullest extent consistent with the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, and in the manner provided in the By-Laws; provided that such indemnification shall not be available to any of the foregoing Persons in connection with a claim, suit or other proceeding by any such Person against the Trust or a Series (or Class) thereof.

 

All persons extending credit to, contracting with or having any claim against the Trust or the Trustees shall look only to the assets of the appropriate Series (or Class thereof if the Trustees have included a Class limitation on liability in the agreement with such person as provided below), or, if the Trustees have yet to establish Series, of the Trust for payment under such credit, contract or claim; and neither the Trustees nor the Shareholders, nor any of the Trust’s officers, employees or agents, whether past, present or future, shall be personally liable therefor.

 

Every note, bond, contract, instrument, certificate or undertaking and every other act or thing whatsoever executed or done by or on behalf of the Trust or the Trustees by any of them in connection with the Trust shall conclusively be deemed to have been executed or done only in or with respect to his or their capacity as Trustee or Trustees, and such Trustee or Trustees shall not be personally liable thereon. …

 

… A Trustee shall be liable to the Trust and to any Shareholder solely for her or his own willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of the office of Trustee, and shall not be liable for errors of judgment or mistakes of fact or law. The Trustees may take advice of counsel or other experts with respect to the meaning and operation of this Declaration of Trust, and shall be under no liability for any act or omission in accordance with such advice nor for failing to follow such advice.”

 

In addition, Article III section 7 of such Agreement and Declaration of Trust provides for the indemnification of shareholders of the Registrant as follows: “If any Shareholder or former Shareholder shall be exposed to liability by reason of a claim or demand relating to such Person being or having been a Shareholder, and not because of such Person's acts or omissions, the Shareholder or former Shareholder (or such Person's heirs, executors, administrators, or other legal representatives or in the case of a corporation or other entity, its corporate or other general successor) shall be entitled to be held harmless from and indemnified out of the assets of the Trust against all cost and expense reasonably incurred in connection with such claim or demand, but only out of the assets held with respect to the particular Series of Shares of which such Person is or was a Shareholder and from or in relation to which such liability arose. The Trust may, at its option and shall, upon request by the Shareholder, assume the defense of any claim made against the Shareholder for any act or obligation of the Trust and satisfy any judgment thereon from the assets held with respect to the particular series.”

 

Article V II I Section 2 of the Registrant’s Bylaws incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit b.1 of the Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on March 28, 2014 , provides in relevant part, subject to certain exceptions and limitations, “every agent shall be indemnified by the Trust to the fullest extent permitted by law against all liabilities and against all expenses reasonably incurred or paid by him or her in connection with any proceeding in which he or she becomes involved as a party or otherwise by virtue of  

 

C- 6
 

 

his or her being or having been an agent.” Such indemnification would not apply in the case of any liability to which the Registrant would otherwise be subject by reason of or for willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of such person’s duties.

 

The Investment Advisory Agreement, Subadvisory Agreements, Foreign Custody Manager Agreement, Sub-Administration and Accounting Services Agreement and Sub-Transfer Agency and Shareholder Services Agreement, as amended, respectively provide that the Registrant will indemnify the other party (or parties, as the case may be) to the agreement for certain losses. Similar indemnities to those listed above may appear in other agreements to which the Registrant is a party.

 

The Registrant, in conjunction with V A IA, the Registrant’s Trustees, and other registered investment management companies managed by V A IA or its affiliates , maintains insurance on behalf of any person who is or was a Trustee, officer, employee, or agent of the Registrant, or who is or was serving at the request of the Registrant as a trustee, director, officer, employee or agent of another trust or corporation, against any liability asserted against such person and incurred by him or arising out of his position. However, in no event will Registrant maintain insurance to indemnify any such person for any act for which the Registrant itself is not permitted to indemnify him.

 

Insofar as indemnification for liability arising under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Act”), may be permitted to trustees, officers and controlling persons of the Registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the Registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the Registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a trustee, officer or controlling person of the Registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such trustee, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the Registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.

 

Item 31. Business and Other Connections of Investment Adviser and Subadvisers

 

See “Management of the Funds” in the Prospectus and “ Investment Advisory and Other Services” and “Management of the Trust” in the Statement of Additional Information which is included in this Post-Effective Amendment . For information as to the business, profession, vocation or employment of a substantial nature of directors and officers of the Adviser and Subadvisers, reference is made to the Adviser’s and Subadviser’s current Form ADV filed under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, and incorporated herein by reference.

 

Adviser   SEC File No.:
VAIA   801-67924
Armored Wolf   801-70152
Ascend   801-65340
Brigade   801-69965
Credit Suisse   801-37170
GCM   801-73422
Harvest   801-71791
ICE Canyon   801-68298
LaSalle   801-48201
Lazard   801-61701
MAST   801-63090
Newfleet   801-51559
Owl Creek   801-66113

  

 

C- 7
 

 

Item 32. Principal Underwriter

 

(a) VP Distributors, LLC serves as the principal underwriter for the following registrants: Virtus Alternative Solutions Trust, Virtus Equity Trust, Virtus Insight Trust, Virtus Opportunities Trust and Virtus Variable Insurance Trust.

 

(b) Directors and executive officers of VP Distributors, 100 Pearl Street, Hartford, CT 06103, are as follows:

 

Name and Principal
Business Address

 

Positions and Offices with Distributor

 

Positions and Offices

with Registrant

 

George R. Aylward Executive Vice President

President and Trustee

 

Kevin J. Carr Vice President, Counsel and Secretary

Assistant Secretary

 

Nancy J. Engberg Vice President and Assistant Secretary

Vice President and Chief Compliance Officer

 

David Hanley Vice President and Treasurer

None

 

Barry Mandinach President

None

David C. Martin Vice President and Chief Compliance Officer

None

 

Francis G. Waltman Executive Vice President

Executive Vice President

 

(c) Not applicable.

 

Item  33. Location of Accounts and Records

 

Persons maintaining physical possession of accounts, books and other documents required to be maintained by Section 31(a) of the Investment Company Act of 1940 and the Rules promulgated thereunder include:

 

Secretary of the Trust:   Principal Underwriter:

Jennifer Fromm, Esq.

100 Pearl Street

Hartford, CT 06103

 

VP Distributors, LLC.

100 Pearl Street

Hartford, CT 06103

     
Administrator and Transfer Agent:   Custodian:

Virtus Fund Services, LLC

100 Pearl Street

Hartford, CT 06103

 

The Bank of New York Mellon

One Wall Street

New York, NY 10286 

     
Investment Adviser:   Subadviser to Alternative Inflation Solution Fund and Alternative Total Solution Fund:

Virtus Alternative Investment Advisers, Inc.

100 Pearl Street

Hartford, CT 06103

 

Armored Wolf, LLC

18111 Van Karman Avenue, Suite 525

Irvine, CA 92612

     
Fund Accountant, Sub-Administrator, Sub-Transfer Agent and Dividend Dispersing Agent:   Subadviser to Alternative Income Solution Fund, Alternative Inflation Solution Fund and Virtus Alternative Total Solution Fund:
BNY Mellon Investment Servicing (US) Inc.   Brigade Capital Management, LLC

301 Bellevue Parkway

Wilmington, DE 19809

 

399 Park Avenue, 16th Floor

New York, NY 10022

     
    Subadviser to Alternative Total  Solution Fund:   Subadviser to Alternative Total Solution Fund:

Ascend Capital LLC

4 Orinda Way, Suite 200-C

Orinda, CA 94563 and

50 California Street, Suite 430

San Francisco, CA 94111

 

Graham Capital management, L.P.

40 Highland Avenue

Rowayton, CT 06853

     
Subadviser to Alternative Inflation Solution Fund:   Subadviser to Alternative Income Solution Fund and Alternative Total Solution Fund:

Credit Suisse Asset Management, LLC

One Madison Avenue

New York, NY 10010

 

ICE Canyon LLC

2000 Avenue of the Stars, 11th Floor

Los Angeles, CA 90067

     
C- 8
 

 

Subadviser to Alternative Income Solution Fund, Alternative Inflation Solution Fund and Alternative Total Solution Fund:   Subadviser to Alternative Income Solution Fund, Alternative Inflation Solution Fund and Alternative Total Solution Fund:

Harvest Fund Advisors LLC

100 West Lancaster Avenue, 2 nd Floor

Wayne, PA 19087

 

Lazard Asset Management LLC

30 Rockefeller Plaza, 55th Floor

New York, NY 10112

     
Subadviser to Alternative Income Solution Fund, Alternative Inflation Solution Fund and Alternative Total Solution Fund:   Subadviser to Alternative Total Solution Fund:

LaSalle Investment Management Securities, LLC

100 East Pratt Street

Baltimore, MD 21202

 

 

Owl Creek Asset Management, L.P.

640 Fifth Avenue, 20th Floor

New York, NY 10019

Subadviser to Alternative Income Solution Fund and Alternative Total Solution Fund:    

MAST Capital Management, LLC

200 Clarendon Street, 51st Floor

Boston, MA 02116


 

 

 

 

Subadviser to Strategic Income Fund:  

Newfleet Asset Management, LLC

100 Pearl Street

Hartford, CT 06103

 

 

 

Item 34. Management Services

 

Not applicable.

 

Item 35. Undertakings

 

Not applicable.

 

C- 9
 

 

PART C – OTHER INFORMATION

 

Exhibit List

 

d.1.a First Amendment to the Investment Advisory Agreement between the Registrant and VAIA
d.17 Subadvisory Agreement between VAIA and Newfleet Asset Management, LLC
g.1.a Amendment to Custody Agreement between the Registrant and The Bank of New York Mellon
g.2.a Amendment to Foreign Custody Manager Agreement between the Registrant and The Bank of New York Mellon
h.2.a Amendment to Sub-Transfer Agency and Shareholder Services Agreement among Virtus Equity Trust, Virtus Insight Trust, Virtus Opportunities Trust, Virtus Fund Services and BNY Mellon
h.3.a First Amendment to Administration Agreement between the Registrant and Virtus Fund Services
h.4.i Amended Exhibit B to Sub-Administration and Accounting Services Agreement among the Registrant, VET, VIT, VOT, Virtus Fund Services and BNY Mellon
h.5 Expense Limitation Agreement between the Registrant and VAIA
i Opinion of Counsel as to legality of shares
j Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
m.1.a Amendment No. 1 to Class A Shares Distribution Plan Pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act
m.2.a Amendment No. 1 to Class C Shares Distribution Plan Pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act
n.1 Amendment No. 1 to Plan Pursuant to Rule 18f-3 under the 1940 Act
p.2 Amended and Restated Code of Ethics of VAIA, VP Distributors, Cliffwater, Newfleet and other Virtus Affiliates

 

C- 10
 

 

SIGNATURES

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, the Registrant certifies that it meets all of the requirements for effectiveness of this registration statement under Rule 485(b) under the Securities Act and has duly caused this amendment to the registration statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, duly authorized, in the City of Hartford and the State of Connecticut on the 8 th day of September, 2014.

 

VIRTUS ALTERNATIVE SOLUTIONS TRUST
   
By: /s/ George R. Aylward
  George R. Aylward
  President

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this amendment to the registration statement has been signed below by the following persons in the capacities indicated on the 8 th day of September, 2014.

 

Signature   Title
     
/s/ George R. Aylward    
George R. Aylward   Trustee and President (principal executive officer)
     
*    
Thomas F. Mann   Trustee
     
*    
Philip R. McLoughlin   Trustee and Chairman
     
*    
William R. Moyer   Trustee
     
*    
James M. Oates   Trustee
     
/s/ W. Patrick Bradley    
W. Patrick Bradley   Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer
  (principal financial and accounting officer)

 

* Signed pursuant to Power of Attorney 

VATS Offshore Fund, Ltd. has duly caused this amendment to the registration statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, duly authorized, in the City of Hartford and the State of Connecticut on the 8 th day of September, 2014.

 

VATS OFFSHORE FUND, LTD.
 
By: /s/ George R. Aylward
George R. Aylward
President

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this amendment to the registration statement has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of VATS Offshore Fund, Ltd. in the capacities indicated on the 8 th day of September, 2014.

  

Signature

Title

     

/s/ George R. Aylward

   
George R. Aylward   President (principal executive officer)

/s/ Francis G. Waltman

Francis G. Waltman   Sole Director

/s/ W. Patrick Bradley

   
W. Patrick Bradley  

Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer

(principal financial and accounting officer)

 

C- 11

 

 

Exhibit D.1.A

 

FIRST AMENDMENT

TO INVESTMENT ADVISORY AGREEMENT

 

THIS AMENDMENT effective as of the 8 th day of September, 2014 amends that certain Investment Advisory Agreement dated as of February 19, 2014 (the “Agreement”), by and between Virtus Alternative Solutions Trust, a Delaware statutory trust (the “Trust”), and Virtus Alternative Investment Advisers, Inc., a Connecticut corporation (the “Adviser”), as follows:

 

1. Virtus Strategic Income Fund (the “Fund”) is hereby added as an additional Series to the Agreement.

 

2. The investment advisory fees for the Funds are hereby set forth on Schedule A to the Agreement, Schedule A is hereby deleted and Schedule A attached hereto is substituted in its place to reflect such addition.

 

3. Except as expressly amended hereby, all provisions of the Agreement shall remain in full force and effect and are unchanged in all other respects. All initial capitalized terms used but not defined herein shall have the meanings ascribed thereto in the Agreement, as amended.

 

4. This Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts (including executed counterparts delivered and exchanged by facsimile transmission) with the same effect as if all signing parties had originally signed the same document, and all counterparts shall be construed together and shall constitute the same instrument. For all purposes, signatures delivered and exchanged by facsimile transmission shall be binding and effective to the same extent as original signatures.

 

[signature page follows]

 

 
 

 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto intending to be legally bound have caused this Agreement to be executed by their duly authorized officers of other representatives.

 

  VIRTUS ALTERNATIVE SOLUTIONS TRUST
       
  By: /s/ W. Patrick Bradley  
  Name:   W. Patrick Bradley
  Title:     Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer & Treasurer
   
  VIRTUS ALTERNATIVE INVESTMENT ADVISERS, INC.
   
  By: /s/ Francis G. Waltman  
  Name:  Francis G. Waltman
  Title:  Executive Vice President

  

 
 

 

SCHEDULE A

 

Series   Annual Investment Advisory Fee  
    1 st $5 Billion     $5+ Billon  
Virtus Alternative Income Solution Fund     1.80 %     1.75 %
                 
Virtus Alternative Inflation Solution Fund     1.75 %     1.70 %
                 
Virtus Alternative Total Solution Fund     1.95 %     1.90 %
                 
Virtus Strategic Income Fund     0.80 %     0.75 %

 

 

 

 

Exhibit D.17

 

VIRTUS ALTERNATIVE SOLUTIONS TRUST

Virtus Strategic Income Fund

 

SUBADVISORY AGREEMENT

 

September 8, 2014

 

Newfleet Asset Management, LLC

100 Pearl Street, 9th Floor

Hartford, CT 06103

 

RE: Subadvisory Agreement

 

Ladies and Gentlemen:

 

Virtus Alternative Solutions Trust (the “Trust”) is an open-end investment company of the series type registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “Act”), and is subject to the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder. The shares of the Trust are offered or may be offered in several series, including Virtus Strategic Income Fund (sometimes hereafter referred to as the “Series”).

 

Virtus Alternative Investment Advisers, Inc. (the “Adviser”) evaluates and recommends series advisers for the Series and is responsible for the day-to-day management of the Series.

 

1. Employment as a Subadviser .   The Adviser, being duly authorized, hereby employs Newfleet Asset Management, LLC (the “Subadviser”) as a discretionary series adviser to invest and reinvest that discrete portion of the assets of the Series designated by the Adviser as set forth on Schedule F attached hereto (the “Designated Series”) on the terms and conditions set forth herein. The services of the Subadviser hereunder are not to be deemed exclusive; the Subadviser may render services to others and engage in other activities that do not conflict in any material manner with the Subadviser’s performance hereunder.

 

2. Acceptance of Employment; Standard of Performance .   The Subadviser accepts its employment as a discretionary series adviser of the Designated Series and agrees, subject to the oversight of the Board of Trustees of the Trust (the “Board”) and the Adviser, to use its best professional judgment to make investment decisions for the Designated Series in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement and as set forth in Schedule D attached hereto and made a part hereof. The Subadviser shall for all purposes herein be deemed to be an independent contractor and shall, except as expressly provided or authorized (whether herein or otherwise), have no authority or obligation to act for or represent the Adviser, the Trust or the Series in any way.

 

3. Services of Subadviser .   In providing management services to the Designated Series, the Subadviser shall be subject to the investment objectives, policies and restrictions of the Trust as they apply to the Designated Series and as set forth in the Trust’s then current prospectus (“Prospectus”) and statement of additional information (“Statement of Additional Information”) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) as part of the Trust’s registration statement (the “Registration Statement”), as may be periodically amended and provided to the Subadviser by the Adviser, and to the investment restrictions set forth in the Act and the Rules thereunder, to the supervision and control of the Board, and to instructions from the Adviser. The Subadviser shall not, without the Trust’s prior written approval, effect any transactions that would cause the Designated Series at the time of the transaction to be out of compliance with any of such restrictions or policies.

 

4. Transaction Procedures .   All series transactions for the Designated Series shall be consummated by payment to, or delivery by, the custodian(s) from time to time designated by the Trust (the “Custodian”), or such depositories or agents as may be designated by the Custodian in writing, of all cash and/or securities due to or from the Series. The Subadviser shall not have possession or custody of such cash and/or securities or any

 

 
 

 

responsibility or liability with respect to such custody. The Subadviser shall advise the Custodian and confirm in writing to the Trust all investment orders for the Designated Series placed by it with brokers and dealers at the time and in the manner set forth in Schedule A hereto (as amended from time to time). The Trust shall issue to the Custodian such instructions as may be appropriate in connection with the settlement of any transaction initiated by the Subadviser. The Trust shall be responsible for all custodial arrangements and the payment of all custodial charges and fees, and, upon giving proper instructions to the Custodian, the Subadviser shall have no responsibility or liability with respect to custodial arrangements or the act, omissions or other conduct of the Custodian.

 

5. Allocation of Brokerage .   The Subadviser shall have authority and discretion to select brokers and dealers to execute Designated Series transactions initiated by the Subadviser, and to select the markets on or in which the transactions will be executed.

 

A. In placing orders for the sale and purchase of Designated Series securities for the Trust, the Subadviser’s primary responsibility shall be to seek the best execution of orders at the most favorable prices. However, this responsibility shall not obligate the Subadviser to solicit competitive bids for each transaction or to seek the lowest available commission cost to the Trust, as long as the Subadviser reasonably believes that the broker or dealer selected by it can be expected to obtain a “best execution” market price on the particular transaction and determines in good faith that the commission cost is reasonable in relation to the value of the brokerage and research services (as defined in Section 28(e)(3) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended) provided by such broker or dealer to the Subadviser, viewed in terms of either that particular transaction or of the Subadviser’s overall responsibilities with respect to its clients, including the Trust, as to which the Subadviser exercises investment discretion, notwithstanding that the Trust may not be the direct or exclusive beneficiary of any such services or that another broker may be willing to charge the Trust a lower commission on the particular transaction.

 

B. The Subadviser may manage other portfolios and expects that the Trust and other portfolios the Subadviser manages will, from time to time, purchase or sell the same securities. The Subadviser may aggregate orders for the purchase or sale of securities on behalf of the Designated Series with orders on behalf of other portfolios the Subadviser manages. Securities purchased or proceeds of securities sold through aggregated orders, as well as expenses incurred in the transaction, shall be allocated to the account of each portfolio managed by the Subadviser that bought or sold such securities in a manner considered by the Subadviser to be equitable and consistent with the Subadviser’s fiduciary obligations in respect of the Designated Series and to such other accounts.

 

C. The Subadviser shall not execute any transactions for the Designated Series with a broker or dealer that is an “affiliated person” (as defined in the Act) of (i) the Series; (ii) another series of the Trust; (iii) the Adviser; (iv) the Subadviser or any other subadviser to the Series; (v) a principal underwriter of the Trust’s shares; or (vi) any other affiliated person of the Series, in each case, unless such transactions are permitted by applicable law or regulation and carried out in compliance with any applicable policies and procedures of the Trust. The Trust shall provide the Subadviser with a list of brokers and dealers that are “affiliated persons” of the Trust, the Adviser or the principal underwriter, and applicable policies and procedures. Upon the request of the Adviser, the Subadviser shall promptly, and in any event within three business days of a request, indicate whether any entity identified by the Adviser in such request is an “affiliated person,” as such term is defined in the Act, of (i) the Subadviser or (ii) any affiliated person of the Subadviser, subject in each case to any confidentiality requirements applicable to the Subadviser and/or its affiliates. Further, the Subadviser shall provide the Adviser with a list of (x) each broker-dealer entity that is an “affiliated person,” as such term is defined in the Act, of the Subadviser and (y) each affiliated person of the Subadviser that has outstanding publicly-issued debt or equity. Each of the Adviser and the Subadviser agrees promptly to update such list(s) whenever the Adviser or the Subadviser becomes aware of any changes that should be added to or deleted from such list of affiliated persons.

 

D. Consistent with its fiduciary obligations to the Trust in respect of the Designated Series and the requirements of best price and execution, the Subadviser may, under certain circumstances, arrange to have purchase and sale transactions effected directly between the Designated Series and another account

 

2
 

 

managed by the Subadviser (“cross transactions”), provided that such transactions are carried out in accordance with applicable law or regulation and any applicable policies and procedures of the Trust. The Trust shall provide the Subadviser with applicable policies and procedures.

 

6. Proxies and Other Shareholder Actions .

 

A. Unless the Adviser or the Trust gives the Subadviser written instructions to the contrary, the Subadviser, or a third party designee acting under the authority and supervision of the Subadviser, shall review all proxy solicitation materials and be responsible for voting and handling all proxies in relation to the assets of the Designated Series. Unless the Adviser or the Trust gives the Subadviser written instructions to the contrary, provided that the Adviser has reviewed the Subadviser’s proxy voting procedures then in effect and determined them to comply with the requirements of the Trust’s proxy voting policy, the Subadviser will, in compliance with the Subadviser’s proxy voting procedures then in effect, vote or abstain from voting, all proxies solicited by or with respect to the issuers of securities in which assets of the Designated Series may be invested. The Adviser shall cause the Custodian, the Administrator or another party, to forward promptly to the Subadviser all proxies upon receipt, so as to afford the Subadviser a reasonable amount of time in which to determine how to vote such proxies. The Subadviser agrees to provide the Adviser in a timely manner with any changes to the Subadviser’s proxy voting procedures. The Subadviser further agrees to provide the Adviser in a timely manner with a record of votes cast containing all of the voting information required by Form N-PX in an electronic format to enable the Trust to file Form N-PX as required by Rule 30b1-4 under the Act. The Subadviser shall provide disclosure regarding its proxy voting policies and procedures in accordance with the requirements of Form N-1A for inclusion in the Registration Statement of the Trust. During any annual period in which the Subadviser has voted proxies for the Trust, the Subadviser shall, as may reasonably be requested by the Adviser, certify as to its compliance with its proxy voting policies and procedures and applicable federal statutes and regulations.

 

B. The Subadviser is authorized to deal with reorganizations, exchange offers and other voluntary corporate actions with respect to securities held in the Designated Series in such manner as the Subadviser deems advisable, unless the Trust or the Adviser otherwise specifically directs in writing. It is acknowledged and agreed that the Subadviser shall not be responsible for the filing of claims (or otherwise causing the Trust to participate) in class action settlements or similar proceedings in which shareholders may participate related to securities currently or previously associated with the Designated Series. With the Adviser’s approval, on a case-by-case basis the Subadviser may obtain the authority and take on the responsibility to: (i) identify, evaluate and pursue legal claims, including commencing or defending suits, affecting the securities held at any time in the Designated Series, including claims in bankruptcy, class action securities litigation and other litigation; (ii) participate in such litigation or related proceedings with respect to such securities as the Subadviser deems appropriate to preserve or enhance the value of the Designated Series, including filing proofs of claim and related documents and serving as “lead plaintiff” in class action lawsuits; (iii) exercise generally any of the powers of an owner with respect to the supervision and management of such rights or claims, including the settlement, compromise or submission to arbitration of any claims, the exercise of which the Subadviser deems to be in the best interest of the Designated Series or required by applicable law, including ERISA, and (iv) employ suitable agents, including legal counsel, and to pay their reasonable fees, expenses and related costs from the Designated Series.

 

7. Prohibited Conduct .   In accordance with Rule 12d3-1 and Rule 17a-10 under the 1940 Act and any other applicable law or regulation, the Subadviser’s responsibility regarding investment advice hereunder is limited to the Designated Series, and the Subadviser will not consult with any other investment advisory firm that provides investment advisory services to the Trust or any other investment company sponsored by Virtus Investment Partners, Inc. or its affiliates regarding transactions in securities or other assets for the Trust. The Trust shall provide the Subadviser with a list of investment companies sponsored by Virtus Investment Partners, Inc. and its affiliates, and the Subadviser shall be in breach of the foregoing provision only if the investment company is included in such a list provided to the Subadviser prior to such prohibited action. In addition, the Subadviser shall not, without the prior written consent of the Trust and the Adviser, delegate any obligation assumed pursuant to this Agreement to any affiliated or unaffiliated third party. [The parties

 

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acknowledge and agree that the Subadviser may, in its discretion, utilize personnel employed by affiliates of the Subadviser to perform services pursuant to this Agreement by way of a “participating affiliate” agreement in accordance with, and to the extent permitted by, the Act and the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended (the “Advisers Act”), including the published interpretations thereof by the SEC or its staff. Such participating affiliate agreement shall subject the personnel providing such services to the Subadviser’s compliance and other programs with respect to their activities on behalf of the Designated Series. For the avoidance of doubt, it is acknowledged and agreed that the Subadviser assumes full responsibility for all actions, and any failure to act, by each person utilized by the Subadviser to perform services under this Agreement.]

 

8. Information and Reports .

 

A. The Subadviser shall keep the Trust and the Adviser informed of developments relating to its duties as Subadviser of which the Subadviser has, or should have, knowledge that would materially affect the Designated Series. In this regard, the Subadviser shall provide the Trust, the Adviser and their respective officers with such periodic reports concerning the obligations the Subadviser has assumed under this Agreement as the Trust and the Adviser may from time to time reasonably request. In addition, prior to each meeting of the Board, the Subadviser shall provide the Adviser and the Board with reports regarding the Subadviser’s management of the Designated Series during the most recently completed quarter, which reports: (i) shall include Subadviser’s representation that its performance of its investment management duties hereunder is in compliance with the Designated Series’ investment objectives and practices, the Act and applicable rules and regulations under the Act, and the diversification and minimum “good income” requirements of Subchapter M under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and (ii) otherwise shall be in such form as may be mutually agreed upon by the Subadviser and the Adviser.

 

B. Each of the Adviser and the Subadviser shall provide the other party with a list, to the best of the Adviser’s or the Subadviser’s respective knowledge, of each affiliated person (and any affiliated person of such an affiliated person) of the Adviser or the Subadviser, as the case may be, and each of the Adviser and Subadviser agrees promptly to update such list whenever the Adviser or the Subadviser becomes aware of any changes that should be added to or deleted from the list of affiliated persons.

 

C. The Subadviser shall also provide the Adviser with any information reasonably requested by the Adviser regarding its management of the Designated Series required for any shareholder report, amended Registration Statement, or Prospectus supplement to be filed by the Trust with the SEC.

 

9. Fees for Services . The compensation of the Subadviser for its services under this Agreement shall be calculated and paid by the Adviser in accordance with the attached Schedule C. Pursuant to the Investment Advisory Agreement between the Trust and the Adviser, the Adviser is solely responsible for the payment of fees to the Subadviser.

 

10. Limitation of Liability . Absent the Subadviser’s breach of this Agreement or the willful misconduct, bad faith, gross negligence, or reckless disregard of the obligations or duties hereunder on the part of the Subadviser, or its officers, directors, partners, agents, employees and controlling persons, the Subadviser shall not be liable for any act or omission in the course of, or connected with, rendering services hereunder or for any losses that may be sustained in the purchase, holding or sale of any position;  provided, however, that the Subadviser shall be responsible for, and shall indemnify and hold the Trust and the Adviser and each of their respective directors or trustees, members, officers, employees and shareholders, and each person, if any, who controls the Trust or the Adviser within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), harmless against, any and all Losses (as defined below) arising out of or resulting from a “Trade Error” (as defined in the compliance policies and procedures of the Trust and/or the Subadviser), as the same may be amended from time to time) caused by the negligent action or negligent omission of the Subadviser or its agent. The Adviser agrees to provide prior written notice to the Subadviser of any material changes to the definition of Trade Error becoming effective with respect to the Designated Series unless, in the reasonable discretion of the Adviser, such change must become effective earlier due to

 

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any applicable law, rule, regulation or court order. It is acknowledged and agreed that any Trade Error that results in a gain to the Series shall inure to the benefit of the Series. For the avoidance of doubt, it is acknowledged and agreed that the Series is a third party beneficiary of the indemnity granted in this Section 10, and the indemnity is intended to cover claims by the Series, the Trust (on behalf of the Series), or the Adviser against the Subadviser for recovery pursuant to this section.

 

11. Confidentiality .   Subject to the duty of the Subadviser and the Trust to comply with applicable law, including any demand of any regulatory or taxing authority having jurisdiction, the parties hereto shall treat as confidential all information pertaining to the Designated Series and the actions of the Subadviser and the Trust in respect thereof. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Trust and the Adviser agree that the Subadviser may (i) disclose in marketing materials and similar communications that the Subadviser has been engaged to manage assets of the Designated Series pursuant to this Agreement, and (ii) include performance statistics regarding the Designated Series in composite performance statistics regarding one or more groups of Subadviser's clients published or included in any of the foregoing communications, provided that the Subadviser does not identify any performance statistics as relating specifically to the Series.

 

12. Assignment .   This Agreement shall terminate automatically in the event of its assignment, as that term is defined in Section 2(a)(4) of the Act. The Subadviser shall notify the Trust and the Adviser in writing sufficiently in advance of any proposed change of control, as defined in Section 2(a)(9) of the Act, as will enable the Trust to consider whether an assignment as defined in Section 2(a)(4) of the Act will occur, and to take the steps necessary to enter into a new contract with the Subadviser.

 

13. Representations, Warranties and Agreements of the Subadviser .   The Subadviser represents, warrants and agrees that:

 

A. It is duly organized, validly existing, and in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its organization, and is qualified to do business in each jurisdiction in which failure to be so qualified would reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect upon it. It (i) is registered as an “investment adviser” under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended (“Advisers Act”) and will continue to be so registered for so long as this Agreement remains in effect; (ii) is not prohibited by the Act or the Advisers Act from performing the services contemplated by this Agreement; provided, however, that the Subadviser makes no representation or warranty with regard to the approval of this Agreement by the Board under Section 15 of the Act; (iii) has appointed a Chief Compliance Officer under Rule 206(4)-7 under the Advisers Act; (iv) has adopted written policies and procedures that are reasonably designed to prevent violations of the Advisers Act from occurring, and correct promptly any violations that have occurred, and will provide notice promptly to the Adviser of any material violations relating to the Trust; (v) has materially met and will seek to continue to meet for so long as this Agreement remains in effect, any other applicable federal or state requirements, or the applicable requirements of any regulatory or industry self-regulatory agency.

 

B. It is either registered as a commodity trading advisor or duly exempt from such registration with the U.S. Commodity Futures Trading Commission (“CFTC”), and it will maintain such registration or exemption continuously during the term of this Agreement or, alternatively, will become a commodity trading advisor duly registered with the CFTC and will be a member in good standing with the National Futures Association.

 

C. It will maintain, keep current and preserve on behalf of the Trust, records in the manner required or permitted by the Act and the Rules thereunder including the records identified in Schedule B (as Schedule B may be amended from time to time). The Subadviser agrees that such records are the property of the Trust, and shall be surrendered to the Trust or to the Adviser as agent of the Trust promptly upon request of either. The Trust acknowledges that the Subadviser may retain copies of all records required to meet the record retention requirements imposed by law and regulation.

 

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D. It shall maintain a written code of ethics (the “Code of Ethics”) complying with the requirements of Rule 204A-1 under the Advisers Act and Rule 17j-1 under the Act and shall provide the Trust and the Adviser with a copy of the Code of Ethics and evidence of its adoption. It shall institute procedures reasonably necessary to prevent Access Persons (as defined in Rule 17j-1) from violating its Code of Ethics. The Subadviser acknowledges receipt of the written code of ethics adopted by and on behalf of the Trust. Each calendar quarter while this Agreement is in effect, a duly authorized compliance officer of the Subadviser shall certify to the Trust and to the Adviser that the Subadviser has complied with the requirements of Rules 204A-1 and 17j-1 during the previous calendar quarter and that there has been no material violation of its Code of Ethics, or of Rule 17j-1(b), or that any persons covered under its Code of Ethics has divulged or acted upon any material, non-public information, as such term is defined under relevant securities laws, and if such a violation of the code of ethics of the Trust has occurred, or if such a violation of its Code of Ethics has occurred, that appropriate action was taken in response to such violation. The Subadviser shall notify the Adviser promptly of any material violation of the Code of Ethics involving the Trust. The Subadviser will provide such additional information regarding violations of the Code of Ethics directly affecting the Trust as the Trust or its Chief Compliance Officer on behalf of the Trust or the Adviser may reasonably request in order to assess the functioning of the Code of Ethics or any harm caused to the Trust from a violation of the Code of Ethics. Further, the Subadviser represents that it has policies and procedures regarding the detection and prevention of the misuse of material, nonpublic information by the Subadviser and its employees. The Subadviser will explain what it has done to seek to ensure such compliance in the future. Annually, the Subadviser shall furnish to the Trust and the Adviser a written report which complies with the requirements of Rule 17j-1 concerning the Subadviser’s Code of Ethics. The Subadviser shall permit the Trust and the Adviser to examine the reports required to be made by the Subadviser under Rules 204A-1(b) and 17j-1(d)(1) and this subparagraph.

 

E. It has adopted and implemented, and throughout the term of this Agreement shall maintain in effect and implement, policies and procedures reasonably designed to prevent, detect and correct violations by the Subadviser and its supervised persons, and, to the extent the activities of the Subadviser in respect of the Trust could affect the Trust, by the Trust, of “federal securities laws” (as defined in Rule 38a-1 under the Act), and that the Subadviser has provided the Trust with true and complete copies of its policies and procedures (or summaries thereof) and related information reasonably requested by the Trust and/or the Adviser. The Subadviser agrees to cooperate with periodic reviews by the Trust’s and/or the Adviser’s compliance personnel of the Subadviser’s policies and procedures, their operation and implementation and other compliance matters and to provide to the Trust and/or the Adviser from time to time such additional information and certifications in respect of the Subadviser’s policies and procedures, compliance by the Subadviser with federal securities laws and related matters as the Trust’s and/or the Adviser’s compliance personnel may reasonably request. The Subadviser agrees to promptly notify the Adviser of any compliance violations which affect the Designated Series.

 

F. The Subadviser will immediately notify the Trust and the Adviser of the occurrence of any event which would disqualify the Subadviser from serving as an investment adviser of an investment company pursuant to Section 9 of the Act or otherwise. The Subadviser will also immediately notify the Trust and the Adviser if it is served or otherwise receives notice of any action, suit, proceeding, inquiry or investigation, at law or in equity, before or by any court, public board or body, including but not limited to the SEC and the CFTC, involving the affairs of the Designated Series.

 

G. To the best of its knowledge, there are no material pending, threatened, or contemplated actions, suits, proceedings, or investigations before or by any court, governmental, administrative or self-regulatory body, board of trade, exchange, or arbitration panel to which it or any of its directors, officers, employees, partners, shareholders, members or principals, or any of its affiliates is a party or to which it or its affiliates or any of its or its affiliates’ assets are subject, nor has it or any of its affiliates received any notice of an investigation, inquiry, or dispute by any court, governmental, administrative, or self-

 

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regulatory body, board of trade, exchange, or arbitration panel regarding any of its or their activities, which might reasonably be expected to result in (i) a material adverse effect on the Trust or (ii) a material adverse change in the Subadviser’s condition (financial or otherwise) or business, or which might reasonably be expected to materially impair the Subadviser’s ability to discharge its obligations under this Agreement. The Subadviser will also immediately notify the Trust and the Adviser if the representation in this Section 13.G is no longer accurate.

 

H. The Subadviser shall promptly notify the Adviser of any changes in its executive officers, partners or in its key personnel, including, without limitation, any change in the portfolio manager(s) responsible for the Designated Series or if there is an actual or expected change in control or management of the Subadviser.

 

14. No Personal Liability .   Reference is hereby made to the Declaration of Trust establishing the Trust, a copy of which has been filed with the SEC, and to any and all amendments thereto so filed or hereafter filed. The name “Virtus Alternative Solutions Trust” refers to the Board under said Declaration of Trust, as trustees and not personally, and no trustee, shareholder, officer, agent or employee of the Trust shall be held to any personal liability in connection with the affairs of the Trust; only the trust estate under said Declaration of Trust is liable. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, neither the Subadviser nor any of its officers, directors, partners, shareholders or employees shall, under any circumstances, have recourse or cause or willingly permit recourse to be had directly or indirectly to any personal, statutory, or other liability of any shareholder, Trustee, officer, agent or employee of the Trust or of any successor of the Trust, whether such liability now exists or is hereafter incurred for claims against the trust estate.

 

15. Entire Agreement; Amendment .   This Agreement, together with the Schedules attached hereto, constitutes the entire agreement of the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof and supersedes any prior written or oral agreements pertaining to the subject matter of this Agreement. This Agreement may be amended at any time, but only by written agreement among the Subadviser, the Adviser and the Trust, which amendment, other than amendments to Schedules A, B, D, E and F, is subject to the approval of the Board (including those trustees who are not “interested persons” of the Trust) and, if required by the Act or applicable SEC rules and regulations, a vote of a majority of the Series’ outstanding voting securities; provided, however, that, notwithstanding the foregoing, this Agreement may be amended or terminated in accordance with any exemptive order issued to the Adviser, the Trust or its affiliates.

 

16. Effective Date; Term . This Agreement shall become effective on the date set forth on the first page of this Agreement, and shall continue in effect until [December 31, 2016 ] . The Agreement shall continue from year to year thereafter only so long as its continuance has been specifically approved at least annually (i) by a vote of the Board of the Trust or by vote of a majority of outstanding voting securities of the Trust and (ii) by vote of a majority of the trustees who are not interested persons of the Trust (as defined in the Act) or of any person party to this Agreement, cast in person at a meeting called for the purpose of such approval.

 

17. Termination .   This Agreement may be terminated at any time without payment of any penalty (i) by the Board, or by a vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Trust, upon 60 days’ prior written notice to the Adviser and the Subadviser, (ii) by the Subadviser upon 60 days’ prior written notice to the Adviser and the Trust, or (iii) by the Adviser upon 60 days’ written notice to the Subadviser. This Agreement may also be terminated, without the payment of any penalty, by the Adviser or the Board immediately (i) upon the material breach by the Subadviser of this Agreement or (ii) at the terminating party’s discretion, if the Subadviser or any officer, director or key portfolio manager of the Subadviser is accused in any regulatory, self-regulatory or judicial investigation or proceeding as having violated the federal securities laws or engaged in criminal conduct. This Agreement may also be terminated, without the payment of any penalty, by the Subadviser immediately (i) upon the material breach by the Adviser of this Agreement or (ii) at the discretion of the Subadviser, if the Adviser or any officer or director of the Adviser is accused in any regulatory, self-regulatory or judicial investigation or proceeding as having violated the federal securities laws or engaged in criminal conduct. This Agreement shall terminate automatically and immediately upon termination of the Advisory Agreement. This Agreement shall

 

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terminate automatically and immediately in the event of its assignment, as such term is defined in and interpreted under the terms of the 1940 Act and the rules promulgated thereunder.

 

18. Applicable Law .   To the extent that state law is not preempted by the provisions of any law of the United States heretofore or hereafter enacted, as the same may be amended from time to time, this Agreement shall be administered, construed and enforced according to the laws of the State of Delaware applicable to contracts entered into and fully performed within the State of Delaware.

 

19. Severability .   If any term or condition of this Agreement shall be invalid or unenforceable to any extent or in any application, then the remainder of this Agreement shall not be affected thereby, and each and every term and condition of this Agreement shall be valid and enforced to the fullest extent permitted by law.

 

20. Notices.   Any notice or other communication required to be given pursuant to this Agreement shall be deemed duly given if delivered personally or by overnight delivery service or mailed by certified or registered mail, return receipt requested and postage prepaid, or sent by facsimile or e-mail transmission addressed to the parties at their respective addresses set forth below, or at such other address as shall be designated by any party in a written notice to the other party.

 

(a) To the Adviser or the Trust at:

 

Virtus Alternative Investment Advisers, Inc.

100 Pearl Street
Hartford, Connecticut 06103
Attn: Jennifer Fromm
Telephone: (860) 263-4790
Facsimile: (860) 241-1024
E-mail: jennifer.fromm@virtus.com

 

(b) To the Subadviser at:

 

Newfleet Asset Management, LLC

100 Pearl Street, 9 th Floor

Hartford, CT 06103

Attn: [Jennifer Fromm or Kevin J. Carr]

Telephone: [(860) 263-4791]
Facsimile: (860) 241-1024
E-mail: [jennifer.fromm@virtus.com]

 

21. Certifications.   The Subadviser shall timely provide to the Adviser and the Trust, all information and documentation they may reasonably request as necessary or appropriate in order for the Adviser and the Board to oversee the activities of the Subadviser and in connection with the compliance by any of them with the requirements of this Agreement, the Registration Statement, the policies and procedures referenced herein, and any applicable law, including, without limitation, (i) information and commentary relating to the Subadviser or the Designated Series for the Trust’s annual and semi-annual reports, in a format reasonably approved by the Adviser, together with (A) a certification that such information and commentary discuss all of the factors that materially affected the performance of the Series with respect to the Allocated Portion, including the relevant market conditions and the investment techniques and strategies used and (B) additional certifications related to the Subadviser’s management of the Trust in order to support the Trust’s filings on Form N-CSR, Form N-Q and other applicable forms, and the Trust’s Principal Executive Officer’s and Principal Financial Officer’s certifications under Rule 30a-2 under the Act, thereon; (ii) within 5 business days of a quarter-end, a quarterly certification with respect to compliance and operational matters related to the Subadviser and the Subadviser’s management of the Designated Series (including, without limitation, compliance with the applicable procedures), in a format reasonably requested by the Adviser, as it may be amended from time to time; and (iii) an annual certification from

 

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the Subadviser’s Chief Compliance Officer, appointed under Rule 206(4)-7 under the Advisers Act with respect to the design and operation of the Subadviser’s compliance program, in a format reasonably requested by the Adviser or the Trust. Without limiting the foregoing, the Subadviser shall provide a quarterly certification in a form substantially similar to that attached as Schedule E.

 

22. Indemnification .

 

A. The Subadviser shall indemnify and hold harmless the Adviser from and against any and all claims, losses, liabilities, or damages (including reasonable attorney’s fees and other related expenses) (collectively, “Losses”) arising from the Subadviser’s willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence, or reckless disregard of its duties under this Agreement in the performance of its obligations under this Agreement; provided, however, that the Subadviser’s obligation under this Section 22 shall be reduced to the extent that the claim against, or the loss, liability, or damage experienced by the Adviser, is caused by or is otherwise directly related to (i) any breach by the Adviser of its representations or warranties made herein, (ii) any willful misconduct, bad faith, reckless disregard or negligence of the Adviser in the performance of any of its duties or obligations hereunder, or (iii) any untrue statement of a material fact contained in the Registration Statement, proxy materials, reports, advertisements, sales literature, or other materials pertaining to the Trust or the omission to state therein a material fact known to the Adviser that was required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, if such statement or omission was made in reliance upon information furnished to the Subadviser or the Trust, or the omission of such information, by the Adviser for use therein.

 

B. The Adviser shall indemnify and hold harmless the Subadviser from and against any and all Losses arising from the Adviser’s willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence, or reckless disregard of its duties under this Agreement in the performance of its obligations under this Agreement; provided, however, that the Adviser’s obligation under this Section 22 shall be reduced to the extent that the claim against, or the loss, liability, or damage experienced by the Subadviser, is caused by or is otherwise directly related to (i) any breach by the Subadviser of its representations or warranties made herein, (ii) any willful misconduct, bad faith, reckless disregard or negligence of the Subadviser in the performance of any of its duties or obligations hereunder, or (iii) any untrue statement of a material fact contained in the Registration Statement, proxy materials, reports, advertisements, sales literature, or other materials pertaining to the Trust or the omission to state therein a material fact known to the Subadviser that was required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, if such statement or omission was made in reliance upon information furnished to the Adviser or the Trust, or the omission of such information, by the Subadviser for use therein.

 

C. A party seeking indemnification hereunder (the “Indemnified Party”) will (i) provide prompt notice to the other of any claim (“Claim”) for which it intends to seek indemnification, (ii) grant control of the defense and /or settlement of the Claim to the other party, and (iii) cooperate with the other party in the defense thereof. The Indemnified Party will have the right at its own expense to participate in the defense of any Claim, but will not have the right to control the defense, consent to judgment or agree to the settlement of any Claim without the written consent of the other party. The party providing the indemnification will not consent to the entry of any judgment or enter any settlement which (i) does not include, as an unconditional term, the release by the claimant of all liabilities for Claims against the Indemnified Party or (ii) which otherwise adversely affects the rights of the Indemnified Party.

 

D. No party will be liable to another party for consequential damages under any provision of this Agreement.

 

23. Receipt of Disclosure Documents .   The Trust and the Adviser acknowledge receipt, at least 48 hours prior to entering into this Agreement, of a copy of Part 2 of the Subadviser’s Form ADV containing certain information concerning the Subadviser and the nature of its business. The Subadviser will, promptly after

 

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making any amendment to its Form ADV, furnish a copy of such amendment to the Adviser. On an annual basis and upon request, the Subadviser will provide a copy of its audited financial statements, including balance sheets, for the two most recent fiscal years and, if available, each subsequent fiscal quarter. At the time of providing such information, the Subadviser shall describe any material adverse change in its financial condition since the date of its latest financial statement.

 

24. Counterparts; Fax Signatures .   This Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts (including executed counterparts delivered and exchanged by facsimile transmission) with the same effect as if all signing parties had originally signed the same document, and all counterparts shall be construed together and shall constitute the same instrument. For all purposes, signatures delivered and exchanged by facsimile transmission shall be binding and effective to the same extent as original signatures.

 

25. Bankruptcy and Related Events .   Each of the Adviser and the Subadviser agrees that it will provide prompt notice to the other in the event that: (i) it makes an assignment for the benefit of creditors, files a voluntary petition in bankruptcy, or is otherwise adjudged bankrupt or insolvent by a court of competent jurisdiction; or (ii) a material event occurs that could reasonably be expected to adversely impair its ability to perform this Agreement. The Adviser further agrees that it will provide prompt notice to the Subadviser in the event that the Trust ceases to be registered as an investment company under the Act.

 

[signature page follows]

 

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  VIRTUS ALTERNATIVE SOLUTIONS TRUST
       
  By:  /s/ W. Patrick Bradley  
    Name:  W. Patrick Bradley
    Title:  Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer & Treasurer
       
  VIRTUS ALTERNATIVE INVESTMENT ADVISERS, INC.
       
  By: /s/ Francis G. Waltman  
    Name:  Francis G. Waltman
    Title:    Executive Vice President

 

ACCEPTED:    
       
NEWFLEET ASSET MANAGEMENT, LLC  
       
By: /s/ David L. Albrycht    
  Name:  David L. Albrycht  
  Title: President and Chief Investment Officer  

 

SCHEDULES: A. Operational Procedures
  B. Record Keeping Requirements
  C. Fee Schedule
  D. Subadviser Functions
  E. Form of Sub-Certification
  F. Designated Series

 

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SCHEDULE A

 

OPERATIONAL PROCEDURES

 

In order to minimize operational problems, it will be necessary for a flow of information to be supplied by Subadviser to The Bank of New York Mellon (the "Custodian") and BNY Mellon Investment Servicing (US) Inc., (the “Sub-Accounting Agent”) for the Trust.

 

The Subadviser must furnish the Custodian and the Sub-Accounting Agent with daily information as to executed trades, or, if no trades are executed, with a report to that effect, no later than 5:00 p.m. (Eastern Time) on the day of the trade each day the Trust is open for business. When necessary, trade information for executed trades can be sent to the Sub-Accounting Agent on trade date +1 by 11:00 a.m. (Subadviser will be responsible for reimbursement to the Trust for any loss caused by the Subadviser’s failure to comply.) The necessary information can be sent via facsimile machine or electronic delivery to the Custodian and by facsimile machine or batch files to the Sub-Accounting Agent. Information provided to the Custodian and the Sub-Accounting Agent shall include the following:

 

1. Purchase or sale;
2. Security name;
3. CUSIP number, ISIN or Sedols (as applicable);
4. Number of shares and sales price per share or aggregate principal amount;
5. Executing broker;
6. Settlement agent;
7. Trade date;
8. Settlement date;
9. Aggregate commission or if a net trade;
10. Interest purchased or sold from interest bearing security;
11. Other fees;
12. Net proceeds of the transaction;
13. Exchange where trade was executed;
14. Identified tax lot (if applicable); and
15. Trade commission reason: best execution, soft dollar or research.

 

When opening accounts with brokers for, and in the name of, the Trust, the account must be a cash account. No margin accounts are to be opened by the Subadviser in the name of the Trust or any Series. Delivery instructions are as specified by the Custodian. The Custodian will supply the Subadviser daily with a cash availability report via access to the Custodian website, or by email or by facsimile and the Sub-Accounting Agent will provide a five-day cash projection. This will normally be done by email or, if email is unavailable, by another form of immediate written communication, so that the Subadviser will know the amount available for investment purposes.

 

12
 

 

SCHEDULE B

 

RECORDS TO BE MAINTAINED BY THE SUBADVISER

 

1. (Rule 31a-1(b)(5) and (6)) A record of each brokerage order, and all other series purchases and sales, given by the Subadviser on behalf of the Trust for, or in connection with, the purchase or sale of securities, whether executed or unexecuted. Such records shall include:

 

A. The name of the broker;
B. The terms and conditions of the order and of any modifications or cancellations thereof;
C. The time of entry or cancellation;
D. The price at which executed;
E. The time of receipt of a report of execution; and
F. The name of the person who placed the order on behalf of the Trust.

 

2. (Rule 31a-1(b)(9)) A record for each fiscal quarter, completed within ten (10) days after the end of the quarter, showing specifically the basis or bases upon which the allocation of orders for the purchase and sale of series securities to named brokers or dealers was effected, and the division of brokerage commissions or other compensation on such purchase and sale orders. Such record:

 

A. Shall include the consideration given to:
(i) The sale of shares of the Trust by brokers or dealers.
(ii) The supplying of services or benefits by brokers or dealers to:
(a) The Trust,
(b) The Adviser,
(c) The Subadviser, and
(d) Any person other than the foregoing.
(iii) Any other consideration other than the technical qualifications of the brokers and dealers as such.

 

B. Shall show the nature of the services or benefits made available.
C. Shall describe in detail the application of any general or specific formula or other determinant used in arriving at such allocation of purchase and sale orders and such division of brokerage commissions or other compensation.
D. Shall show the name of the person responsible for making the determination of such allocation and such division of brokerage commissions or other compensation.

 

3. (Rule 31a-1(b)(10)) A record in the form of an appropriate memorandum identifying the person or persons, committees or groups authorizing the purchase or sale of series securities. Where a committee or group makes an authorization, a record shall be kept of the names of its members who participate in the authorization. There shall be retained as part of this record: any memorandum, recommendation or instruction supporting or authorizing the purchase or sale of series securities and such other information as is appropriate to support the authorization. *

 

4. (Rule 31a-1(f)) Such accounts, books and other documents as are required to be maintained by registered investment advisers by rule adopted under Section 204 of the Advisers Act, to the extent such records are necessary or appropriate to record the Subadviser’s transactions for the Trust.

 

5. Records as necessary under Board-approved policies and procedures of the Trust, including without limitation those related to valuation determinations.

 

 

* Such information might include: current financial information, annual and quarterly reports, press releases, reports by analysts and from brokerage firms (including their recommendations, i.e., buy, sell, hold) or any internal reports or subadviser review.

 

13
 

 

SCHEDULE C

 

SUBADVISORY FEE

 

For services provided to the Trust, the Adviser will pay to the Subadviser a fee, payable monthly in arrears, calculated on the average daily Managed Assets of the Designated Series at the annual rates shown in the table below. For this purpose, “Managed Assets” means the total assets of the Designated Series, including any assets attributable to borrowings, minus the Designated Series’ accrued liabilities other than such borrowings. The fee shall be prorated for any month during which this Agreement is in effect for only a portion of the month.]

 

Name of Series   Proposed Subadvisory Fee
Virtus Strategic Income Fund   50% of net advisory fee

 

[For this purpose, the “net advisory fee” means the advisory fee paid to the Adviser after accounting for any applicable fee waiver and/or expense limitation agreement, which shall not include reimbursement of the Adviser for any expenses or recapture of prior waivers.  In the event that the Adviser waives its entire fee and also assumes expenses of the Trust pursuant to an applicable expense limitation agreement, the Subadviser will similarly waive its entire fee and will share in the expense assumption by contributing 50% of the assumed amount.  However, because the Subadviser shares the fee waiver and/or expense assumption equally with the Adviser, if during the term of this Agreement the Adviser later recaptures some or all of the fees so waived or expenses so assumed by the Adviser and the Subadviser together, the Adviser shall pay to the Subadviser 50% of the amount recaptured.]

 

14
 

 

SCHEDULE D

 

SUBADVISER FUNCTIONS

 

With respect to managing the investment and reinvestment of the Designated Series’ assets, the Subadviser shall provide, at its own expense:

 

(a) An investment program for the Designated Series consistent with its investment objectives based upon the development, review and adjustment of buy/sell strategies approved from time to time by the Board and the Adviser in paragraph 3 of this Subadvisory Agreement and implementation of that program;

 

(b) Periodic reports, on at least a quarterly basis, in form and substance acceptable to the Adviser, with respect to: i) compliance with the Code of Ethics and the Trust’s code of ethics; ii) compliance with procedures adopted from time to time by the Board relative to securities eligible for resale under Rule 144A under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended; iii) diversification of Designated Series assets in accordance with the then prevailing Prospectus and Statement of Additional Information pertaining to the Designated Series and governing laws, regulations, rules and orders; iv) compliance with governing restrictions relating to the fair valuation of securities for which market quotations are not readily available or considered "illiquid" for the purposes of complying with the Designated Series’ limitation on acquisition of illiquid securities; v) any and all other reports reasonably requested in accordance with or described in this Agreement; and vi) the implementation of the Designated Series’ investment program, including, without limitation, analysis of Designated Series performance;

 

(c) Promptly after filing with the SEC an amendment to its Form ADV, a copy of such amendment to the Adviser and the Board;

 

(d) Attendance by appropriate representatives of the Subadviser at meetings requested by the Adviser or Board at such time(s) and location(s) as reasonably requested by the Adviser or Board; and

 

(e) Notice to the Board and the Adviser of the occurrence of any event which would disqualify the Subadviser from serving as an investment adviser of an investment company pursuant to Section 9(a) of the Act or otherwise.

 

(f) Reasonable assistance in the valuation of securities including the participation of appropriate representatives at fair valuation committee meetings.

 

15
 

 

SCHEDULE E

 

FORM OF SUB-CERTIFICATION

 

To:

 

Re: Subadviser’s Form N-CSR and Form N-Q Certification for the [Name of Designated Series].

 

From: [Name of Subadviser]

 

Representations in support of Investment Company Act Rule 30a-2 certifications of Form N-CSR and Form N-Q.

 

[Name of Designated Series].

 

In connection with your certification responsibility under Rule 30a-2 and Sections 302 and 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, I have reviewed the following information presented in the schedule of investments for the period ended [Date of Reporting Period] (the “Report”) which forms part of the N-CSR or N-Q, as applicable, for the Trust.

 

Schedule of Investments

 

Our organization has designed, implemented and maintained internal controls and procedures, designed for the purpose of ensuring the accuracy and completeness of relevant portfolio trade data transmitted to those responsible for the preparation of the Schedule of Investments. As of the date of this certification there have been no material modifications to these internal controls and procedures.

 

In addition, our organization has:

 

a. Designed such internal controls and procedures to ensure that material information is made known to the appropriate groups responsible for servicing the above-mentioned mutual fund.

 

b. Evaluated the effectiveness of our internal controls and procedures, as of a date within 90 days prior to the date of this certification and we have concluded that such controls and procedures are effective.

 

c. In addition, to the best of my knowledge, there has been no fraud, whether or not material, that involves our organization’s management or other employees who have a significant role in our organization’s control and procedures as they relate to our duties as subadviser to the Designated Series.

 

I have read the draft of the Report which I understand to be current as of [Date of Reporting Period] and based on my knowledge, such draft of the Report does not, with respect to the Designated Series, contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the information contained therein, in light of the circumstances under which such information is presented, not misleading with respect to the period covered by such draft Report.

 

I have disclosed, based on my most recent evaluation, to the Designated Series’ Chief Accounting Officer:

 

a. All significant changes, deficiencies and material weakness, if any, in the design or operation of the Subadviser’s internal controls and procedures which could adversely affect the Registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial data with respect to the Designated Series in a timely fashion;

 

b. Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves the Subadviser’s management or other employees who have a significant role in the Subadviser’s internal controls and procedures for financial reporting.

 

16
 

 

I certify that to the best of my knowledge:

 

a. The Subadviser’s Portfolio Manager(s) has/have complied with the restrictions and reporting requirements of the Code of Ethics (the “Code”). The term Portfolio Manager is as defined in the Code.

 

b. The Subadviser has complied with the Prospectus and Statement of Additional Information of the Designated Series and the Policies and Procedures of the Designated Series as adopted by the Designated Series Board of Trustees.

 

c. I have no knowledge of any compliance violations except as disclosed in writing to the Virtus Compliance Department by me or by the Subadviser’s compliance administrator.

 

d. The Subadviser has complied with the rules and regulations of the 33 Act and 40 Act, and such other regulations as may apply to the extent those rules and regulations pertain to the responsibilities of the Subadviser with respect to the Designated Series as outlined above.

 

e. Since the submission of our most recent certification there have not been any divestments of securities of issuers that conduct or have direct investments in business operations in Sudan.

 

This certification relates solely to the Designated Series named above and may not be relied upon by any other fund or entity.

 

The Subadviser does not maintain the official books and records of the above Designated Series. The Subadviser’s records are based on its own portfolio management system, a record-keeping system that is not intended to serve as the Designated Series official accounting system. The Subadviser is not responsible for the preparation of the Report.

 

_______________________________ __________________________
[Name of Subadviser] Date
[Name of Authorized Signer]  
[Title of Authorized Signer]  

 

17
 

 

SCHEDULE F

 

DESIGNATED SERIES

 

Virtus Strategic Income Fund

 

18

 

Exhibit G.1.A

 

AMENDMENT

 

AMENDMENT dated as of August 19, 2014, between Virtus Alternative Solutions Trust (the “Fund”), for itself and for each of its series listed on Schedule I attached hereto, as amended from time to time (individually and collectively the “Series”) and The Bank of New York Mellon (the “Custodian”).

 

WHEREAS, the Fund and the Custodian have entered into a Custody Agreement dated as of March 21, 2014, as amended from time to time, (the “Agreement”); and

 

WHEREAS, the parties wish to amend the Agreement as set forth herein.

 

NOW THEREFORE, for and in consideration of the mutual promises hereinafter set forth, the parties hereto agree as follows:

 

1. Schedule I to the Agreement shall be replaced in its entirety with Schedule I attached hereto for the addition of the following series:

 

Virtus Strategic Income Fund

 

2.           This Amendment constitutes the entire agreement and understanding of the parties with respect to its subject matter and supersedes all oral communication and prior writings (except as provided herein and in the Agreement) with respect thereto. Except for any amendments to the Agreement, all terms and conditions of the Agreement will continue in full force and effect in accordance with its provisions on the date of this Amendment. References to the Agreement will be to the Agreement, as amended by this Amendment.

 

3.           No amendment, modification or waiver in respect of the matters contemplated by this Amendment will be effective unless made in accordance with the terms of the Agreement.

 

4.           This Amendment shall become effective upon execution by the parties hereto. From and after the execution hereof, any reference to the Agreement shall be a reference to the Agreement as amended hereby.

 

5.           Except as amended hereby, the Agreement shall remain in full force and effect.

 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be executed in counterparts by their respective officers, thereunto duly authorized, as of the date first above written.

 

  AUTHORIZED SIGNER OF:
       
  VIRTUS ALTERNATIVE SOLUTIONS TRUST

       
  By: /s/ W. Patrick Bradley  

       
  Name: W. Patrick Bradley  
       
  Title: CFO, Treasurer & Sr Vice President  
       
  AUTHORIZED OFFICER OF:
       
  THE BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON

       
  By: /s/ Wm Blatchford  

       
  Name: Wm Blatchford  
       
  Title: Managing Director  

 

 
 

  

SCHEDULE I

 

Fund:

Virtus Alternative Solutions Trust

 

Series:

Virtus Alternative Income Solution Fund

Virtus Alternative Inflation Solution Fund

Virtus Alternative Total Solution Fund

Virtus Strategic Income Fund

 

2

 

 

 

Exhibit G.2.A

 

AMENDMENT

 

AMENDMENT dated as of August 19, 2014, between each entity listed on Annex I attached hereto (each a “Fund” and, collectively the “Funds”) and The Bank of New York Mellon (the “Custodian”).

 

WHEREAS, the Funds and the Custodian have entered into a Foreign Custody Manager Agreement dated as of March 21, 2014, as amended from time to time, (the “Agreement”); and

 

WHEREAS, the parties wish to amend the Agreement as set forth herein.

 

NOW THEREFORE, for and in consideration of the mutual promises hereinafter set forth, the parties hereto agree as follows:

 

1. Annex I to the Agreement shall be replaced in its entirety with Schedule I attached hereto for the addition of the following Fund:

 

Virtus Strategic Income Fund

 

2.            This Amendment constitutes the entire agreement and understanding of the parties with respect to its subject matter and supersedes all oral communication and prior writings (except as provided herein and in the Agreement) with respect thereto. Except for any amendments to the Agreement, all terms and conditions of the Agreement will continue in full force and effect in accordance with its provisions on the date of this Amendment. References to the Agreement will be to the Agreement, as amended by this Amendment.

 

3.            No amendment, modification or waiver in respect of the matters contemplated by this Amendment will be effective unless made in accordance with the terms of the Agreement.

 

4.            This Amendment shall become effective upon execution by the parties hereto. From and after the execution hereof, any reference to the Agreement shall be a reference to the Agreement as amended hereby.

 

5.             Except as amended hereby, the Agreement shall remain in full force and effect.

 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be executed in counterparts by their respective officers, thereunto duly authorized, as of the date first above written.

 

  AUTHORIZED SIGNER OF:
   
  VIRTUS ALTERNATIVE SOLUTIONS TRUST

 

  By:  /s/ W. Patrick Bradley  

 

  Name: W. Patrick Bradley  

 

  Title: CFO, Treasurer & Sr. Vice President  

 

  AUTHORIZED OFFICER OF:
   
  THE BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON

 

  By: /s/ Wm Blatchford  

 

  Name: Wm Blatchford  

 

  Title: Managing Director  

 

 
 

 

ANNEX I

 

Fund Name

 

Virtus Alternative Solutions Trust

 

Series Name Tax Identification
   
Virtus Alternative Income Solution Fund 46-4544981
   
Virtus Alternative Inflation Solution Fund 46-4500611
   
Virtus Alternative Total Solution Fund 46-4500387
   
Virtus Strategic Income Fund 47-1302569

 

2

 

Exhibit H.2.A

 

Execution Version

Amendment

To

Sub-Transfer Agency And Shareholder Services Agreement

 

This Amendment To Sub-Transfer Agency And Shareholder Services Agreement, dated as of August 19, 2014 (“ Amendment ”), is being entered into by and among BNY Mellon Investment Servicing (US) Inc. (“ BNYM ”), Virtus Fund Services, LLC (“ Company ”) and each of the Investment Companies and their Portfolios listed on Schedule B attached hereto (the “ Funds ”).

 

Background

 

BNYM, certain of the Funds and VP Distributors, Inc., as transfer agent to the Funds, entered into the Sub-Transfer Agency And Shareholder Services Agreement as of April 15, 2011 (“ Original Agreement ”). VP Distributors, LLC, the surviving entity in a merger with VP Distributors, Inc. that was effective September 22, 2011, transferred all rights and obligations as transfer agent of the Funds under the Original Agreement to the Company pursuant to an Assignment and Assumption Agreement, effective as of January 1, 2013, among VP Distributors, LLC, the Company, certain of the Funds and BNYM (the Original Agreement as so assigned and amended being the “ Assigned Agreement ”). BNYM, the Company and the Funds subsequently entered into amendments to the Assigned Agreement, dated as of March 21, 2014 and June 1, 2014 (the Assigned Agreement as so amended being the “ Current Agreement ”). BNYM, the Funds and the Company wish to amend the Current Agreement as set forth in this Amendment, in order to add Virtus Strategic Income Fund (the “ New Fund ”) as a Portfolio of Virtus Alternative Solutions Trust.

 

Terms

 

In consideration of the mutual promises contained herein and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, the parties, intending to be legally bound, agree to all statements made above and as follows:

 

1.           Modifications to Current Agreement .   The Current Agreement is hereby amended by deleting Schedule B in its entirety and replacing it with the Schedule B attached to the Amendment To Sub-Transfer Agency And Shareholder Services Agreement, dated as of August 19, 2014, by and among BNYM, the Company and the Funds. .

 

2.           Adoption of Amended Agreement by New Fund .   The Fund that has been added to Schedule B by virtue of this Amendment acknowledges and agrees that (i) by virtue of its execution of this Amendment, it becomes and is a party to the Current Agreement as amended by this Amendment (“ Amended Agreement ”) as of the date first written above, or if BNYM commenced providing services to the Fund prior to the date first written above, as of the date BNYM first provided services to the Fund, and (ii) it is bound by all terms and conditions of the Amended Agreement as of such date. The term "Fund" has the same meaning in this Amendment No. 1 as it has in the Current Agreement.

 

3.           Remainder of Current Agreement .   Except as specifically modified by this Amendment, all terms and conditions of the Current Agreement shall remain in full force and effect.

 

4.           Governing Law .   The governing law of the Current Agreement shall be the governing law of this Amendment.

 

5.           Entire Agreement .   This Amendment constitutes the final, complete, exclusive and fully integrated record of the agreement of the parties with respect to the subject matter herein and the amendment of the Current Agreement.

 

Page 1
 

 

Execution Version

 

6.            Facsimile Signatures; Counterparts .   This Amendment may be executed in one more counterparts; such execution of counterparts may occur by manual signature, facsimile signature, manual signature transmitted by means of facsimile transmission or manual signature contained in an imaged document attached to an email transmission; and each such counterpart executed in accordance with the foregoing shall be deemed an original, with all such counterparts together constituting one and the same instrument. The exchange of executed copies of this Amendment or of executed signature pages to this Amendment by facsimile transmission or as an imaged document attached to an email transmission shall constitute effective execution and delivery hereof and may be used for all purposes in lieu of a manually executed copy of this Amendment.

 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Amendment to be executed by their duly authorized officers, as of the day and year first above written.

 

BNY Mellon Investment Servicing (US) Inc.   Virtus Equity Trust
    Virtus Insight Trust
    Virtus Opportunities Trust
By: /s/ William Greilich   Virtus Alternative Solutions Trust
      On behalf of each Fund in its individual
Name: William Greilich   and separate capacity, and not on behalf
      of any other Fund
Title: Managing Director      
    By: /s/ W. Patrick Bradley
       
Virtus Fund Services, LLC   Name: W. Patrick Bradley
         
By: /s/ Amy Hackett   Title: Sr. Vice President
       
Name: Amy Hackett    
       
Title: Vice President    

 

Page 2
 

 

Execution Version

 

SCHEDULE B

 

(Dated: August 19, 2014)

 

THIS SCHEDULE B is Schedule B to that certain Sub-Transfer Agency And Shareholder Services Agreement, dated as of April 15, 2011, by and among BNY Mellon Investment Servicing (US) Inc., Virtus Fund Services, LLC (under the name of its predecessor in interest, VP Distributors, Inc.) and the Funds, as further set forth below.

 

Portfolios

 

Investment Company :     Virtus Alternative Solutions Trust

 

Portfolios :

Virtus Alternative Income Solution Fund A

Virtus Alternative Income Solution Fund C

Virtus Alternative Income Solution Fund I

Virtus Alternative Inflation Solution Fund A

Virtus Alternative Inflation Solution Fund C

Virtus Alternative Inflation Solution Fund I

Virtus Alternative Total Solution Fund A

Virtus Alternative Total Solution Fund C

Virtus Alternative Total Solution Fund I

Virtus Strategic Income Fund A*

Virtus Strategic Income Fund C*

Virtus Strategic Income Fund I*

 

 

*            Offering to public expected to commence September 9, 2014

 

Investment Company :     Virtus Equity Trust

 

Portfolios :

Virtus Balanced Fund A

Virtus Balanced Fund B

Virtus Balanced Fund C

Virtus Growth & Income Fund A

Virtus Growth & Income Fund C

Virtus Growth & Income Fund I

Virtus Mid-Cap Core Fund A

Virtus Mid-Cap Core Fund C

Virtus Mid-Cap Core Fund I

Virtus Mid-Cap Growth Fund A

Virtus Mid-Cap Growth Fund B

Virtus Mid-Cap Growth Fund C

Virtus Mid-Cap Growth Fund I

Virtus Mid-Cap Value Fund A

Virtus Mid-Cap Value Fund C

Virtus Mid-Cap Value Fund I

Virtus Quality Large-Cap Value Fund A

Virtus Quality Large-Cap Value Fund C

Virtus Quality Large-Cap Value Fund I

Virtus Quality Small-Cap Fund A

Virtus Quality Small-Cap Fund C

Virtus Quality Small-Cap Fund I

 

Page 3
 

 

Execution Version

 

Virtus Small-Cap Core Fund A

Virtus Small-Cap Core Fund C

Virtus Small-Cap Core Fund I

Virtus Small-Cap Sustainable Growth Fund A

Virtus Small-Cap Sustainable Growth Fund C

Virtus Small-Cap Sustainable Growth Fund I

Virtus Strategic Growth Fund A

Virtus Strategic Growth Fund B

Virtus Strategic Growth Fund C

Virtus Strategic Growth Fund I

Virtus Tactical Allocation Fund A

Virtus Tactical Allocation Fund B

Virtus Tactical Allocation Fund C

 

Investment Company :         Virtus Insight Trust

 

Portfolios :

Virtus Emerging Markets Opportunities Fund A

Virtus Emerging Markets Opportunities Fund C

Virtus Emerging Markets Opportunities Fund I

Virtus Insight Government Money Market Fund A

Virtus Insight Government Money Market Fund I

Virtus Insight Money Market Fund A

Virtus Insight Money Market Fund E

Virtus Insight Money Market Fund I

Virtus Insight Tax-Exempt Money Market Fund A

Virtus Insight Tax-Exempt Money Market Fund I

Virtus Low Duration Income Fund A

Virtus Low Duration Income Fund C

Virtus Low Duration Income Fund I

Virtus Tax-Exempt Bond Fund A

Virtus Tax-Exempt Bond Fund C

Virtus Tax-Exempt Bond Fund I

 

Investment Company :        Virtus Opportunities Trust

 

Portfolios :

Virtus Allocator Premium AlphaSector Fund A

Virtus Allocator Premium AlphaSector Fund C

Virtus Allocator Premium AlphaSector Fund I

Virtus AlphaSector Rotation Fund A

Virtus AlphaSector Rotation Fund C

Virtus AlphaSector Rotation Fund I

Virtus Alternatives Diversifier Fund A

Virtus Alternatives Diversifier Fund C

Virtus Alternatives Diversifier Fund I

Virtus Bond Fund A

Virtus Bond Fund B

Virtus Bond Fund C

Virtus Bond Fund I

Virtus CA Tax-Exempt Bond Fund A

Virtus CA Tax-Exempt Bond Fund I

Virtus Disciplined Equity Style Fund A

Virtus Disciplined Equity Style Fund C

Virtus Disciplined Equity Style Fund I

Virtus Disciplined Select Bond Fund A

Virtus Disciplined Select Bond Fund C

 

Page 4
 

 

Execution Version

 

Virtus Disciplined Select Bond Fund I

Virtus Disciplined Select Country Fund A

Virtus Disciplined Select Country Fund C

Virtus Disciplined Select Country Fund I

Virtus Dynamic AlphaSector Fund A

Virtus Dynamic AlphaSector Fund B

Virtus Dynamic AlphaSector Fund C

Virtus Dynamic AlphaSector Fund I

Virtus Emerging Markets Debt Fund A

Virtus Emerging Markets Debt Fund C

Virtus Emerging Markets Debt Fund I

Virtus Emerging Markets Equity Income Fund A

Virtus Emerging Markets Equity Income Fund C

Virtus Emerging Markets Equity Income Fund I

Virtus Emerging Markets Small-Cap Fund A

Virtus Emerging Markets Small-Cap Fund C

Virtus Emerging Markets Small-Cap Fund I

Virtus Foreign Opportunities Fund A

Virtus Foreign Opportunities Fund C

Virtus Foreign Opportunities Fund I

Virtus Global Commodities Stock Fund A

Virtus Global Commodities Stock Fund C

Virtus Global Commodities Stock Fund I

Virtus Global Dividend Fund A

Virtus Global Dividend Fund C

Virtus Global Dividend Fund I

Virtus Global Opportunities Fund A

Virtus Global Opportunities Fund B

Virtus Global Opportunities Fund C

Virtus Global Opportunities Fund I

Virtus Global Premium AlphaSector Fund A

Virtus Global Premium AlphaSector Fund C

Virtus Global Premium AlphaSector Fund I

Virtus Global Real Estate Securities Fund A

Virtus Global Real Estate Securities Fund C

Virtus Global Real Estate Securities Fund I

Virtus Greater Asia ex Japan Opportunities Fund A

Virtus Greater Asia ex Japan Opportunities Fund C

Virtus Greater Asia ex Japan Opportunities Fund I

Virtus Greater European Opportunities Fund A

Virtus Greater European Opportunities Fund C

Virtus Greater European Opportunities Fund I

Virtus Herzfeld Fund A

Virtus Herzfeld Fund C

Virtus Herzfeld Fund I

Virtus High Yield Fund A

Virtus High Yield Fund B

Virtus High Yield Fund C

Virtus High Yield Fund I

Virtus International Equity Fund A

Virtus International Equity Fund C

Virtus International Equity Fund I

Virtus International Real Estate Securities Fund A

Virtus International Real Estate Securities Fund C

Virtus International Real Estate Securities Fund I

Virtus International Small-Cap Fund A

Virtus International Small-Cap Fund C

 

Page 5
 

 

Execution Version

 

Virtus International Small-Cap Fund I

Virtus Low Volatility Equity Fund A

Virtus Low Volatility Equity Fund C

Virtus Low Volatility Equity Fund I

Virtus Multi-Sector Intermediate Bond Fund A

Virtus Multi-Sector Intermediate Bond Fund B

Virtus Multi-Sector Intermediate Bond Fund C

Virtus Multi-Sector Intermediate Bond Fund I

Virtus Multi-Sector Short Term Bond Fund A

Virtus Multi-Sector Short Term Bond Fund B

Virtus Multi-Sector Short Term Bond Fund C

Virtus Multi-Sector Short Term Bond Fund I

Virtus Multi-Sector Short Term Bond Fund T

Virtus Premium AlphaSector Fund A

Virtus Premium AlphaSector Fund C

Virtus Premium AlphaSector Fund I

Virtus Real Estate Securities Fund A

Virtus Real Estate Securities Fund B

Virtus Real Estate Securities Fund C

Virtus Real Estate Securities Fund I

Virtus Senior Floating Rate Fund A

Virtus Senior Floating Rate Fund C

Virtus Senior Floating Rate Fund I

Virtus Wealth Masters Fund A

Virtus Wealth Masters Fund C

Virtus Wealth Masters Fund I

 

Page 6

 

 

Exhibit H.3.A

 

FIRST AMENDMENT

to

ADMINISTRATION AGREEMENT

 

THIS AMENDMENT made effective as of the 8 th day of September, 2014 amends that certain administration agreement, dated as of February 19, 2014, between Virtus Alternative Solutions Trust including the series thereof and Virtus Fund Services, LLC (the “Administration Agreement”) as herein below provided.

 

W I T N E S S E T H :

 

WHEREAS, Pursuant to Section 8, Amendments to the Agreement, of the Administration Agreement, the Trust and the Funds wish to amend Schedule A of the Administration Agreement to add the Virtus Strategic Income Fund and to otherwise update the schedule.

 

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the foregoing premise, the parties to the Administration Agreement hereby agree that the Administration Agreement is amended as follows:

 

1. Schedule A to the Administration Agreement is hereby replaced with Schedule A attached hereto and made a part hereof.

 

2. Except as herein provided, the Administration Agreement shall be and remain unmodified and in full force and effect. All initial capitalized terms used but not defined herein shall have the meanings ascribed thereto in the Administration Agreement.

 

3. This Amendment may be executed in any number of counterparts (including executed counterparts delivered and exchanged by facsimile transmission) with the same effect as if all signing parties had originally signed the same document, and all counterparts shall be construed together and shall constitute the same instrument. For all purposes, signatures delivered and exchanged by facsimile transmission shall be binding and effective to the same extent as original signatures.

 

[signature page follows]

 

 
 

 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Amendment to be duly executed by their duly authorized officers.

 

  VIRTUS ALTERNATIVE SOLUTIONS TRUST
     
  By: /s/ W. Patrick Bradley
  Name: W. Patrick Bradley
  Title: Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer
   
  VIRTUS FUND SERVICES, LLC
     
  By: /s/ Heidi Griswold
  Name: Heidi Griswold
  Title: Vice President, Mutual Fund Services

 

 
 

 

SCHEDULE A

(as of September 8, 2014)

 

Virtus Alternative Income Solution Fund

Virtus Alternative Inflation Solution Fund

Virtus Alternative Total Solution Fund

Virtus Strategic Income Fund

 

 

 

Exhibit H.4.I

 

EXHIBIT B

 

THIS EXHIBIT B, amended and restated as of August 19, 2014, is Exhibit B to that certain Sub-Administration and Accounting Services Agreement dated as of January 1, 2010, as amended, by and among Virtus Services, LLC, each of the investment companies and the Portfolios listed below and BNY Mellon Investment Servicing (US) Inc.

 

PORTFOLIOS

 

GROUP A

 

Virtus Equity Trust

Virtus Balanced Fund

Virtus Growth & Income Fund

Virtus Mid-Cap Core Fund

Virtus Mid-Cap Growth Fund

Virtus Mid-Cap Value Fund

Virtus Quality Large-Cap Value Fund

Virtus Quality Small-Cap Fund

Virtus Small-Cap Core Fund

Virtus Small-Cap Sustainable Growth Fund

Virtus Strategic Growth Fund

Virtus Tactical Allocation Fund

 

Virtus Insight Trust

Virtus Emerging Markets Opportunities Fund

Virtus Insight Government Money Market Fund

Virtus Insight Money Market Fund

Virtus Insight Tax-Exempt Money Market Fund

Virtus Low Duration Income Fund

Virtus Tax-Exempt Bond Fund

 

Virtus Opportunities Trust

Virtus Bond Fund

Virtus CA Tax-Exempt Bond Fund

Virtus Disciplined Equity Style Fund

Virtus Disciplined Select Bond Fund

Virtus Disciplined Select Country Fund

Virtus Emerging Markets Debt Fund

Virtus Emerging Markets Equity Income Fund

Virtus Emerging Markets Small-Cap Fund

Virtus Foreign Opportunities Fund

Virtus Global Commodities Stock Fund

Virtus Global Dividend Fund

Virtus Global Opportunities Fund

Virtus Global Real Estate Securities Fund

Virtus International Equity Fund

Virtus Greater Asia ex Japan Opportunities Fund

Virtus Greater European Opportunities Fund

Virtus Herzfeld Fund

 

 
 

 

Virtus High Yield Fund

Virtus International Real Estate Securities Fund

Virtus International Small Cap Fund

Virtus Low Volatility Equity Fund

Virtus Multi-Sector Intermediate Bond Fund

Virtus Multi-Sector Short Term Bond Fund

Virtus Real Estate Securities Fund

Virtus Senior Floating Rate Fund

Virtus Wealth Masters Fund

 

FUNDS OF FUNDS

 

Virtus Alternatives Diversifier Fund

Virtus AlphaSector ® Rotation Fund

Virtus Dynamic AlphaSector ® Fund

Virtus Premium AlphaSector ® Fund

Virtus Allocator Premium AlphaSector Fund

Virtus Global Premium AlphaSector Fund

 

GROUP B

 

VIRTUS VARIABLE INSURANCE TRUST

Virtus International Series

Virtus Capital Growth Series

Virtus Small-Cap Growth Series

Virtus Small-Cap Value Series

Virtus Multi-Sector Fixed Income Series

Virtus Growth & Income Series

Virtus Strategic Allocation Series

Virtus Real Estate Securities Series

Virtus Premium AlphaSector Series

 

GROUP C

 

VIRTUS ALTERNATIVE SOLUTIONS TRUST

Virtus Alternative Income Solution Fund

Virtus Alternative Total Solution Fund

VATS Offshore Fund, LTD. 1

(effective as of March 17, 2014)

Virtus Alternative Inflation Solution Fund

Virtus Strategic Income Fund

 

[Signature page follows.]

 

 

1 Fees will be included with those fees charged to the Portfolio that holds the Cayman subsidiary.

 

 
 

 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this amended and restated Exhibit B to be executed by their officers designated below effective as of the date and year first above written.

 

BNY MELLON INVESTMENT SERVICING (US) INC.
       
By: /s/ William Greilich    
Name: William Greilich    
Title: Managing Director    
       
VIRTUS FUND SERVICES, LLC
       
By: /s/ Amy Hackett    
Name: Amy Hackett    
Title: Vice President    
       
VIRTUS MUTUAL FUNDS:
  VIRTUS EQUITY TRUST
  VIRTUS INSIGHT TRUST
  VIRTUS OPPORTUNITIES TRUST
VIRTUS VARIABLE INSURANCE TRUST
VIRTUS ALTERNATIVE SOLUTIONS TRUST
VATS OFFSHORE FUND, LTD.
Each on behalf of itself and its Portfolios only
       
By: /s/ W. Patrick Bradley    
Name: W. Patrick Bradley    
Title: Senior Vice President, Chief Financial    
  Officer and Treasurer    

 

 

 

Exhibit H.5

 

FIRST AMENDED AND RESTATED

EXPENSE LIMITATION AGREEMENT

 

VIRTUS ALTERNATIVE SOLUTIONS TRUST

 

This First Amended and Restated Expense Limitation Agreement (the “Agreement”) is effective as of September 8, 2014, amends and restates that certain Expense Limitation Agreement effective as of March 24, 2014, by and between Virtus Alternative Solutions Trust, a Delaware statutory trust (the “Registrant”), on behalf of each series of the Registrant listed in Appendix A (each a “Fund” and collectively, the “Funds”), and the Adviser of each of the Funds, Virtus Alternative Investment Advisers, Inc. (the “Adviser”).

 

WHEREAS, the Adviser renders advice and services to the Funds pursuant to the terms and provisions of one or more Investment Advisory Agreements entered into between the Registrant and the Adviser (the “Advisory Agreement”);

 

WHEREAS, the Adviser desires to maintain the expenses of each Fund at a level below the level to which each such Fund might otherwise be subject; and

 

WHEREAS, the Adviser understands and intends that the Registrant will rely on this Agreement in accruing the expenses of the Registrant for purposes of calculating net asset value and for other purposes, and expressly permits the Registrant to do so.

 

NOW, THEREFORE, the parties hereto agree as follows:

 

1. Limit on Fund Expenses . The Adviser has agreed to limit the respective rate of Total Fund Operating Expenses (“Expense Limit”) for each Fund as specified in Appendix A of this Agreement, for the time period indicated.

 

2. Definition of “Total Fund Operating Expenses” . For purposes of this Agreement, the term “Total Fund Operating Expenses” with respect to a Fund is defined to include all expenses necessary or appropriate for the operation of the Fund including the Adviser’s investment advisory or management fee under the Advisory Agreement and other expenses described in the Advisory Agreement that the Fund is responsible for and have not been assumed by the Adviser, but excludes front-end or contingent deferred loads, taxes, interest, brokerage commissions, expenses incurred in connection with any merger or reorganization, extraordinary expenses (such as litigation), acquired fund fees and expenses, dividend expenses, leverage expenses, if any.

 

3. Recoupment and Recapture of Fees and Expenses . Each Fund has agreed to reimburse the Adviser and/or certain of its affiliates (collectively, “Virtus”) out of assets belonging to the relevant class of the Fund for any Total Fund Operating Expenses of the relevant class of the Fund in excess of the Expense Limit paid, waived or assumed by Virtus for that Fund, provided that Virtus would not be entitled to reimbursement for any amount that would cause the applicable Expense Limit to be exceeded or, if the Expense Limit has been removed, then the previous Expense Limit, at the time that the reimbursement would be made, and provided further that no amount would be reimbursed by the Fund more than three years after the fiscal year in which it was incurred or waived by Virtus.

 

4. Term, Termination and Modification . This Agreement is effective for the time period indicated on Appendix A, unless sooner terminated as provided below in this Paragraph. Subsequent to the initial term indicated on Appendix A, the amount of the Expense Limit and term applicable to each Fund shall be as disclosed in the then current prospectus of that Fund. This Agreement shall remain in effect with respect to each Fund (if any) subject to a Voluntary Expense Limitation until such time as specified in a notice of its termination provided by one party to the other party. This Agreement also may be terminated by the Registrant on behalf of any one or more of the Funds at any time without payment of any penalty or by the Board of Trustees of the Registrant upon thirty (30) days’ written notice to the Adviser. In addition, this Agreement shall terminate with respect to a Fund upon termination of the Advisory Agreement with respect to such Fund.

 

5. Assignment . This Agreement and all rights and obligations hereunder may not be assigned without the written consent of the other party.

 

6. Severability . If any provision of this Agreement shall be held or made invalid by a court decision, statute or rule, or shall otherwise be rendered invalid, the remainder of this Agreement shall not be affected thereby.

 
 

 

7. Captions .  The captions in this Agreement are included for convenience of reference only and in no way define or limit any of the provisions hereof or otherwise affect their construction or effect.

 

8. Governing Law .  This Agreement shall be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the laws of Delaware without giving effect to the conflict of laws principles thereof; provided that nothing herein shall be construed to preempt, or to be inconsistent with, any federal securities law, regulation or rule, including the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, and the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended, and any rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.

 

9. Computation .  If the fiscal year-to-date Total Fund Operating Expenses of a Fund at the end of any month during which this Agreement is in effect exceed the Expense Limit for that Fund (the “Excess Amount”), the Adviser shall (at its option) waive or reduce its fee under the Advisory Agreement and/or remit to that Fund an amount that is sufficient to pay the Excess Amount computed on the last day of the month.

 

10. Liability .  Virtus agrees that it shall look only to the assets of the relevant class of each respective relevant Fund for performance of this Agreement and for payment of any claim Virtus may have hereunder, and neither any other Fund (including the other series of the Registrant) or class of the Fund, nor any of the Registrant’s trustees, officers, employees, agents or shareholders, whether past, present or future, shall be personally liable therefor.

 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be duly executed by their duly authorized officers.

 

VIRTUS ALTERNATIVE SOLUTIONS TRUST
     
By: /s/ W. Patrick Bradley  
Name: W. Patrick Bradley  
Title:    Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer
     
VIRTUS ALTERNATIVE INVESTMENT ADVISERS, INC.
     
By: /s/ Francis G. Waltman  
Name: Francis G. Waltman
Title:  Executive Vice President

 

2
 

 

APPENDIX A

 

Contractual Expense Limitations

 

    Class A     Class C     Class I     Term
                       
Virtus Alternative Income Solution Fund     2.45 %     3.20 %     2.20 %   Through April 30, 2015
Virtus Alternative Inflation Solution Fund     2.40 %     3.15 %     2.15 %   Through April 30, 2015
Virtus Alternative Total Solution Fund     2.60 %     3.35 %     2.35 %   Through April 30, 2015
Virtus Strategic Income Fund     1.40 %     2.15 %     1.15 %   Through February 28, 2016

 

3

 

 

Exhibit I.1

 

100 Pearl Street

Hartford, CT 06103

800.248.7971 VIRTUS.COM

 

September 8, 2014

 

U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission

100 F Street, NE

Washington, DC 20549

 

Re: Virtus Alternative Solutions Trust (the “Trust)
Post-Effective Amendment No. 4
to Registration Statement 333-191940

 

Ladies and Gentlemen:

 

This opinion is furnished in connection with the registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, of shares (the “Shares”) of the above-referenced Trust. In rendering this opinion, I have examined such documents, records and matters of law as deemed necessary for purposes of this opinion. I have assumed the genuineness of all signatures of all parties, the authenticity of all documents submitted as originals, the correctness of all copies and the correctness of all written or oral statements made to me.

 

Based upon and subject to the foregoing, it is my opinion that the Shares that will be issued by the Trust when sold will be legally issued, fully paid and non-assessable.

 

My opinion is rendered solely in connection with the Registration Statement on Form N1-A under which the Shares will be registered and may not be relied upon for any other purpose without my written consent. I hereby consent to the use of this opinion as an exhibit to such Registration Statement.

 

Very truly yours,

 

/s/ Jennifer Fromm  
Jennifer Fromm  
Vice President, Chief Legal Officer, Counsel and Secretary  
Virtus Alternative Solutions Trust    

 

Securities distributed by VP Distributors, LLC

 

 

Exhibit J

 

 

 

CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

 

 

We hereby consent to the use in this Registration Statement on Form N-1A of our report dated April 16, 2014, relating to the seed money financial statements of Virtus Alternative Inflation Solution Fund (a portfolio of Virtus Alternative Solutions Trust), which appears in such Registration Statement. We also consent to the references to us under the headings “Glossary”, "Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm" and "Financial Statements" in such Registration Statement.

 

 

 

/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP

 

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

September 8, 2014

 

Exhibit M.1.A

 

VIRTUS ALTERNATIVE SOLUTIONS TRUST

(the “Trust”)

 

AMENDMENT NO. 1 TO

CLASS A SHARES

DISTRIBUTION PLAN PURSUANT TO RULE 12b-1

under the

INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT OF 1940

 

THIS AMENDMENT made effective as of 8 th day of September, 2014 amends that certain Class A Shares Distribution Plan Pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended dated January 22, 2014, by and for the Fund (the “Plan”) as herein below provided.

 

W I T N E S S E T H:

 

WHEREAS, the Fund wishes to amend Appendix A of the Plan to reflect the addition of the Virtus Strategic Income Fund, which has been approved as a party to the Plan.

 

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the foregoing premise, the Fund hereby agrees that the Plan is amended as follows:

 

1. Appendix A to the Plan is hereby replaced with Appendix A attached hereto and made a part of the Plan.

 

2. Except as herein provided, the Plan shall be and remain unmodified and in full force and effect. All initial capitalized terms used herein shall have such meanings as ascribed thereto in the Plan.

 

 
 

 

APPENDIX A

(as of September 8, 2014)

 

Virtus Alternative Income Solution Fund

Virtus Alternative Inflation Solution Fund

Virtus Alternative Total Solution Fund

Virtus Strategic Income Fund

 

 

 

 

 

 

Exhibit M.2.A

 

VIRTUS ALTERNATIVE SOLUTIONS TRUST

(the “Trust”)

 

CLASS C SHARES

DISTRIBUTION PLAN PURSUANT TO RULE 12b-1

under the

INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT OF 1940

 

THIS AMENDMENT made effective as of the 8 th day of September, 2014 amends that certain Class C Shares Distribution Plan Pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended dated January 22, 2014, by and for the Fund (the “Plan”) as herein below provided.

 

W I T N E S S E T H:

 

WHEREAS, the Fund wishes to amend Appendix A of the Plan to reflect the addition of the Virtus Strategic Income Fund, which has been approved as a party to the Plan.

 

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the foregoing premise, the Fund hereby agrees that the Plan is amended as follows:

 

1. Appendix A to the Plan is hereby replaced with Appendix A attached hereto and made a part of the Plan.

 

2. Except as herein provided, the Plan shall be and remain unmodified and in full force and effect. All initial capitalized terms used herein shall have such meanings as ascribed thereto in the Plan.

 

 
 

 

APPENDIX A

(as of September 8, 2014)

 

Virtus Alternative Income Solution Fund

Virtus Alternative Inflation Solution Fund

Virtus Alternative Total Solution Fund

Virtus Strategic Income Fund

 

 

 

 

 

 

Exhibit N.1

 

VIRTUS ALTERNATIVE SOLUTIONS TRUST

 

FIRST AMENDMENT

to

PLAN PURSUANT TO RULE 18f-3

under the

INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT OF 1940

 

THIS AMENDMENT made effective as of the 8 th day of September, 2014, amends that certain plan pursuant to Rule 18f-3 under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, duly adopted by the Board of Trustees on January 22, 2014 (the “Rule 18f-3 Plan”), as herein below provided:

 

W I T N E S S E T H:

 

WHEREAS, the Trusts and the Funds wish to amend Schedule A of the Rule 18f-3 Plan to reflect the addition of the Virtus Strategic Income Fund and to otherwise update the Schedule.

 

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the foregoing premise, the Trusts and the Funds hereby agree that the Rule 18f-3 Plan is amended as follows:

 

1. Schedule A to the Rule 18f-3 Plan is hereby replaced with Schedule A attached hereto and made a part of the Rule 18f-3 Plan.

 

2. Except as herein provided, the Rule 18f-3 Plan shall be and remain unmodified and in full force and effect. All initial capitalized terms used herein shall have such meanings as ascribed thereto in the Rule 18f-3 Plan.

 

 
 

 

SCHEDULE A

(as of September 8, 2014) 

 

   

A

Shares

 

C

Shares

 

I

Shares

             
Virtus Alternative Income Solution Fund   X   X   X
Virtus Alternative Inflation Solution Fund   X   X   X
Virtus Alternative Total Solution Fund   X   X   X
Virtus Strategic Income Fund   X   X   X

 

 

 

 

 

 

Exhibit P.2

 

CODE OF ETHICS

 

Amended and Restated July 1, 2014

 

1. Introduction

 

This Code of Ethics (the “Code”) has been adopted individually by the entities listed in Schedule A, referred to herein (individually) as the “Firm”. This Code is administered by each Firm’s designated Chief Compliance Officer or their delegate as a separate program. Each Firm may attach to this Code an appendix describing any unique provisions the Firm has made to provide additional requirements or modify requirements set forth by this Code.

 

2. Standard of Business Conduct

 

A. Statement of Ethical Principles

 

The Firm holds its Supervised Persons to a high standard of integrity and business practices. In serving their respective shareholders and clients, the Firm strives to avoid conflicts of interest or the appearance of conflicts of interest related to the personal trading activities of its Supervised Persons and the securities transactions in any managed account.

 

The Firm acknowledges its confidence in the integrity and good faith of all of its Supervised Persons. The Firm recognizes that the knowledge of present or future portfolio transactions or the power to influence portfolio transactions, if held by such individuals, could place them in a position where their personal interests might conflict with those of the managed account, if they were to trade in securities eligible for investment by the managed account.

 

In view of the foregoing and of the provisions of Sections 204-2 and 204A-1 under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 (Advisers Act), as amended, and Rule 17j-1 of the Investment Company Act, as amended, the Firm has adopted this Code to specify and prohibit certain types of transactions deemed to create conflicts of interest or the potential for or appearance of such a conflict, and to establish reporting requirements and enforcement procedures. Because the Firm cannot foresee all possible situations, the Firm ultimately relies upon the integrity and judgment of its personnel, in addition to requirements set forth by this Code. This Code presents a framework against which all Supervised Persons should seek to measure their conduct. When Supervised Persons covered by this Code engage in personal securities transactions, they must adhere to the following general principles and the Code’s specific provisions:

 

a) At all times, the interests of the Firm and its Clients must be paramount;

 

b) Personal transactions must be conducted consistent with this Code in a manner that avoids any actual or potential conflict of interest;

 

 
 

 

c) No inappropriate advantage should be taken of any position of trust and responsibility;

 

d) Information about the identity of security holdings and financial circumstances of Clients is confidential;

 

e) Ensure that the investment management and overall business of the Firm complies with the policies of the Firm, Virtus Investment Partners (Virtus) and applicable U.S. federal and state securities laws and regulations; and

 

f) Supervised Persons are required to adhere to the standards of business conduct in the Virtus Code of Conduct.

 

B. Unlawful Actions

 

It is unlawful for any Supervised Person, in connection with the purchase or sale, directly or indirectly, by them of a security held or to be held by any Client account to:

 

a) Employ any device, scheme or artifice to defraud any Client;

 

b) Make any untrue statement of a material fact to any Client or omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements made to any Client, in light of the circumstances under which they are made, not misleading;

 

c) Engage in any act, practice or course of business that operates or would operate as a fraud or deceit on any Client; or to engage in any manipulative practice with respect to any Client; and

 

d) Divulge or act upon any material, non-public information, as is defined under relevant securities laws.

 

3. Definitions

 

A. "Access Person" means all directors, officers, general partners, partners of the Firm and Advisory Persons of Firm’s Advisers (or other persons occupying a similar status or performing similar functions). In addition, Access Person means all Supervised Persons, who:

 

a. Are involved in making securities recommendations to Clients; or

 

b. Have access to nonpublic information regarding the following:

 

2
 

 

(a) Any Clients’ purchase or sale of securities, or recommendation to purchase or sell such securities; or

 

(b) Information regarding the portfolio holdings of any fund the Firm or its control affiliates manages.

 

B. “Advisers Act” means the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended.

 

C. "Advisory Person" means (i) any Access Person of the Firm or of any company in a control relationship to the Firm, who, in connection with their regular functions or duties, makes, participates in or obtains information regarding the purchase or sale of a security by the Firm for a Client, or whose functions relate to the making of any recommendations with respect to such purchases or sales; and (ii) any natural person in a control relationship to the Firm who obtains information concerning recommendations made to the Client with regard to the purchase or sale of a security.

 

D. "Affiliated Officer" means (i) any corporate officer or director of the Firm who is not a resident at the Firm’s business location; and (ii) is subject to the provisions of an affiliate’s code of ethics for personal trading.

 

E. “Affiliated Open-End Mutual Fund” means any open-end mutual fund to which the Firm or its control affiliate(s) serve as the investment adviser or principal underwriter. Currently, this means all open-end (non-exchange traded) funds managed by Virtus or its affiliates. A chart of such funds is available at Schedule B and on the Virtus Compliance Intranet site. Schedule B may be updated from time to time without being considered an amendment to this Code of Ethics. See also the definition of “Unaffiliated Open-End Mutual Fund” in section W. below.

 

F. “Being considered for Purchase or Sale” means when a security for which a recommendation to purchase or sell has been made and communicated; and with respect to the Advisory Person making the recommendation, when such person seriously considers making such a recommendation.

 

G. "Beneficial Ownership" shall be interpreted in the same manner as it would be under Rule 16a-1(a)(2) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the Exchange Act) in determining whether a person is the beneficial owner of a security for purposes of Section 16 of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations there under. It includes ownership by any person who, directly or indirectly, through any contract, arrangement, understanding, relationship or otherwise, has or shares a direct or indirect pecuniary interest in a security. For purposes hereof,

 

3
 

 

a. “Pecuniary Interest” means the opportunity, directly or indirectly, to profit or share in any profit derived from a transaction in the security.

 

b. “Indirect Pecuniary Interest” includes, but is not limited to:

 

(a) Securities held by Immediate Family Members sharing the same household;

 

(b) A general partner’s proportionate interest in portfolio securities held by a general or limited partnership;

 

(c) A person’s right to dividends that is separated or separable from the underlying securities (otherwise, a right to dividends alone will not constitute a pecuniary interest in securities);

 

(d) A person’s interest in securities held by a trust;

 

(e) A person’s right to acquire securities through the exercise or conversion of any derivative security, whether or not presently exercisable; and

 

(f) A performance-related fee, other than an asset based fee, received by any broker, dealer, bank, insurance company, investment company, investment manager, trustee, or person or entity performing a similar function, with certain exceptions (see Rule 16a-1(a)(2)of the Exchange Act).

 

An Access Person is presumed to have Beneficial Ownership in, and so an obligation to report, the securities held by his or her Immediate Family Members. Access Persons should note that the Firm’s policies and procedures with respect to personal securities transactions also apply to transactions by a spouse, domestic partner, child or other Immediate Family Member residing in the same household. See definition of “Immediate Family Member” in section M. below.

 

H. “Chief Compliance Officer” or “CCO” refers to the person appointed by the Firm pursuant to the provisions of Section 206(4)-7 of the Advisers Act.

 

I. "Client" means each and every investment company, or series thereof, or other account managed by the Firm.

 

J. "Control" shall have the same meaning as that in Section 2(a) (9) of the Investment Company Act.

 

4
 

 

K. “Covered Associate” is a term used in the Firm’s Pay to Play Policy and Procedures and is incorporated by reference.

 

L. "Firm" means each of the entities listed in Schedule A who have each adopted this Code and administer it under their respective individual compliance programs managed by their designated Chief Compliance Officer or his/her delegate.

 

M. “Immediate Family Member” shall have the following meaning: With respect to personal securities reporting requirements, terms such as “Employee”, “Personal Brokerage Account”, “Supervised Person” and “Access Person” are defined to include any Supervised Person’s or Access Person’s spouse or domestic partner who share their household and any relative by blood, adoption or marriage living in the Supervised or Access Person’s household. This definition includes children (including financially dependent children away at school), stepchildren, grandchildren, parents, stepparents, grandparents, siblings and parents-children-or siblings-in-law.

 

N. "Initial Public Offering" or “IPO” means an offering of securities registered under the Securities Act of 1933 as amended, the issuer of which, immediately before the registration, was not subject to the reporting requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act.

 

O. Investment Company Act” means the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.

 

P. "Managed Fund or Portfolio" shall mean those Clients, individually and collectively, for whom the Portfolio Manager makes buy and sell decisions.

 

Q. “Personal Brokerage Account” refers to any account (including, without limitation, a custody account, safekeeping account and an account maintained by an entity that may act in a brokerage or a principal capacity) in which securities may be traded or held in custody, and in which an Access Person has any Beneficial Ownership, and any such account of an Immediate Family Member. The meaning of “Personal Brokerage Account” includes accounts in which an Access Person may hold or acquire Reportable Securities, even though the account currently holds only non-Reportable Securities (such as unaffiliated open-end mutual funds). To the extent that the Virtus 401(k) plan and potentially 401(k) plans of an Access Person’s prior employer(s) or 401(k) plans of Immediate Family Members have the capacity to invest in Affiliated Open-end Mutual Funds and/or other Reportable Securities, such accounts are considered “Personal Brokerage Accounts”. Furthermore, Individual Retirement Accounts (i.e.: “IRAs”) that are constructed within a

 

5
 

 

brokerage account capable of transacting in Reportable Securities are also considered “Personal Brokerage Accounts”.

 

The meaning of “Personal Brokerage Account” does not include the following: open-end mutual funds held directly with the sponsor in an account that is not capable of transacting in Reportable Securities; 401(k) accounts that may only hold non-affiliated open-end mutual funds; other accounts that cannot transact in Reportable Securities as determined by the Compliance Department; and direct purchase accounts such as “DRIP” plans.

 

R. "Fund Portfolio Manager" or “Portfolio Manager” is an Advisory Person (or one of the Advisory Persons) entrusted with the day-to-day management of the Fund’s portfolio.

 

S. "Private Placement" or "Limited Offering" means an offering that is exempt from registration under the Securities Act of 1933 pursuant to Section 4(2) or Section 4(6) thereof, or pursuant to Rule 504, Rule 505 or Rule 506 there under.

 

T. "Purchase or sale of a Reportable Security" includes, among other things, the writing of an option to purchase or sell a security, or the purchase or sale of a security, that is exchangeable for or convertible into, a security that is held or to be acquired for a Client.

 

U. "Reportable Security" shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2(a)(36) of the Investment Company Act, and Rule 204A-1 of the Advisers Act as amended, and includes common stocks, preferred stocks, stock options (put, call and straddle), debt securities, privilege on any security or on any group or index of securities (including any interest therein or based on the value thereof) and derivative instruments, ETFs, UIT ETFs, closed-end funds, other well-known stock indices vehicles, such as the Standard & Poor’s 500 Composite Stock Indices (such as but not limited to SPDR S&P 500, SPDR S&P MidCap 400, “iShares”, etc.); affiliated open-end mutual funds and municipal securities.

 

The meaning of “Reportable Security” shall not include transactions and holdings in direct obligations of the Government of the United States; money market instruments; bankers’ acceptances, bank certificates of deposit, commercial paper, repurchase agreements and other high quality short-term debt instruments; shares of money market funds; transactions and holdings in shares of non-affiliated open-end mutual funds; and transactions in units of a unit investment trust if the unit investment trust is invested exclusively in unaffiliated open-end mutual funds. Note: This exception extends only to

 

6
 

 

open end funds registered in the U.S.; therefore, transactions and holdings in offshore funds ARE reportable .

 

V. "Supervised Person" means any director, officer, and partner of the Firm (or other person occupying a similar status or performing similar functions); an employee of the Firm; and any other person who provides advice on behalf of the Firm and is subject to the Firm’s supervision and control. To affect such policies as required by this Code, the Firm’s CCO shall further classify certain Supervised Persons as an “Access Person”, or “Advisory Person”.

 

W. “Unaffiliated Open-End Mutual Fund” means any open-end (non-exchange traded) mutual fund not falling within the definition of “Affiliated Open-End Mutual Fund” defined in section E. above, i.e., any open-end mutual fund to which the Firm or its control affiliate(s) do not serve as the investment adviser or principal underwriter for the fund.

 

4. Disclosure of Personal Brokerage Accounts 1

 

All Access Persons must disclose their Personal Brokerage Accounts to their respective Compliance Department. Each Access Person’s responsibility is to notify their respective Compliance Department of all Personal Brokerage Accounts and to direct the broker to provide their Compliance Department with brokerage transaction confirmations and account statements (and verify that it has been done). Access Persons cannot assume that the broker-dealer will automatically arrange for this information to be set up and forwarded correctly. Access Persons do not need to disclose the existence of their Virtus-Fidelity 401(k) account, however any other Virtus Fidelity account holding securities, options or restricted stock of Virtus must be disclosed. 401(k) plans of an Access Person’s prior employer(s) or 401(k) plans of Immediate Family Members must be disclosed if such accounts have the capacity to invest in Affiliated Open-end Mutual Funds and/or other Reportable Securities.

 

5. Prohibited Activities for Access Persons

 

A. Initial Public Offering (“IPO”) Rule: No Access Person may directly or indirectly acquire beneficial ownership in any securities in an IPO, without the prior written approval of the CCO. This also applies to IPO’s offered through the internet. No FINRA registered person or Portfolio Manager may participate in an IPO pursuant to FINRA Rule 5130.

 

B. Private Placement / Limited Offering Rule: No Access Person may directly or indirectly acquire beneficial ownership in any securities in a Private

 

 

1 Certain Supervised Persons are subject to the requirements of Section 4. Please see the Appendix following this Code.

 

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Placement or Limited Offering without the prior written approval of the CCO. The approved purchase should be disclosed to the Client if they are considering that issuer’s securities for purchase or sale.

 

C. Preclearance Rule: No Access Person may directly or indirectly acquire or dispose of beneficial ownership in a Reportable Security unless the transaction has been pre-cleared by the Compliance Department. Preclearance is valid through the next business day at the close of the U.S. market following the approval. An order not executed within that time must be re-submitted for preclearance approval. Access Persons must wait for approval before placing the order with their broker.

 

Exceptions: The following Reportable Securities transactions do not require preclearance:

 

a) Purchases or sales of up to and including 500 shares per month of Reportable Securities in any issuer ranked in the S&P 500 at the time of the transaction. An S&P 500 holding list is updated quarterly and available on the Virtus intranet website. A copy is also available for review in your Firm’s Compliance Department. The Compliance Department monitors de minimis trading for patterns of abuse. If a pattern of abuse is determined to have occurred, the Compliance Department reserves the right to suspend or cancel the ability of an Access Person to conduct de minimis transactions.

 

b) Transactions in Affiliated Open-End Mutual Funds.

 

c) Purchase orders of Reportable Securities sent directly to the issuer via mail (other than in connection with a Private Placement or Limited Offering) or sales of such securities that are redeemed directly by the issuer via mail.

 

d) Purchases or sales of Reportable Securities effected in any account over which the Access Person has no direct or indirect influence or control in the reasonable estimation of the Firm’s CCO. This exemption will apply to Personal Brokerage Accounts for which a third party, such as a broker or financial advisor, makes all investment decisions on behalf of the Access Person and the Access Person does not discuss any specific transactions for the account with the third-party manager.

 

e) Purchases or sales of Reportable Securities (i) not eligible for purchase or sale by the Client; or (ii) specified from time to time by the Firm’s Directors, subject to rules the Firm’s Directors shall specify.

 

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f) Purchases of shares of Reportable Securities necessary to establish an automatic investment or dividend reinvestment plan, as well as any subsequent purchases and sales pursuant to any such automatic investment or dividend reinvestment plan.

 

g) Purchases of Reportable Securities effected upon the exercise of rights issued by an issuer pro rata to all holders of a class of its securities, to the extent the rights were acquired from the issuer, and sales of such rights so acquired.

 

h) Purchases or sales of Reportable Securities issued under an employee stock purchase or incentive program unless otherwise restricted.

 

i) Non-volitional transactions (such as stock splits, dividends, corporate actions, etc.).

 

Note: The foregoing are exceptions to the Preclearance Rule only; other provisions of this Code may apply.

 

The Firm’s CCO or other designated compliance personnel may deny approval of any transaction requiring preclearance under this Pre-clearance Rule, even if nominally permitted under the Code, if believed that denial is necessary for the protection of the Client or the Firm.

 

D. Open Order Rule: No Access Person may directly or indirectly acquire or dispose of the Beneficial Ownership in any Reportable Security that requires preclearance (i.e., is not exempt from preclearance) when a Client has a pending buy or sell for that security of the same type until the Client's order is executed or withdrawn.

 

E. Blackout Rule: Portfolio Managers and Advisory Persons may not directly or indirectly acquire or dispose of Beneficial Ownership in a Reportable Security within seven calendar days before and after the portfolio(s) associated with the Portfolio Manager’s and Advisory Person’s assigned duties trades in that security. The seven-day period is exclusive of the execution date. The Blackout Rule applies to transactions in securities that are required to be precleared.

 

F. Holding Period Rule: Access Persons must hold all Reportable Securities for no less than sixty (60) days, whether or not the purchase was an exempt transaction under any other provision of Section 5. Generally, a first-in first-out (“FIFO”) accounting methodology will be applied for determining compliance with this holding rule.

 

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G. Gifts and Entertainment: Supervised Persons designated by the Firm’s CCO may not give or receive gifts or payments that may be construed to have an influence on business transactions conducted by the Firm. Gifts to or from Consultants or Clients must not exceed $100 per person per year. Gifts include any items of value, including sports paraphernalia or equipment, wine or food baskets, gift certificates for shopping or to a restaurant or spa. Tickets to events are considered gifts if the associate does not attend the event. The $100 limit that applies to gifts does not apply to entertainment. Nonetheless, entertainment must be neither so frequent nor so extensive as to raise any question of impropriety. The CCO or other designated personnel will maintain records of all gifts and payments of $100 or more per person and all entertainment. ALL gifts and entertainment received or given must be reported to the Compliance Department. Supervised Persons designated by the Firm’s CCO are required to submit a log quarterly.

 

H. Serving on Boards of Directors: No Advisory Person shall serve on the board of directors of a publicly traded company without prior authorization from Virtus Investment Partners Inc. Counsel or the Firm’s CCO. If authorized, the Advisory Person shall have no role in making investment decisions with respect to the publicly traded company.

 

I. Excessive Trading Rule: No Portfolio Manager shall engage in excessive trading or market timing activities with respect to any mutual fund regardless of whether or not the mutual fund is managed by that Firm/Sub-advisor or any affiliated adviser/sub-advisor. Market timing is defined as a purchase and redemption, regardless of size, in and out of the same mutual fund within any sixty (60) day period. The foregoing restrictions shall not apply to Portfolio Managers investing in mutual funds through asset allocation programs, automatic reinvestment programs, and any other non-volitional investment vehicles.

 

J. Material, Non-public Information: No Supervised Person shall divulge or act upon any material, non-public information as defined under relevant securities laws. For more information, refer to the Firm’s Insider Trading Policy and Procedures .

 

K. Pay to Play Rule: The Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) adopted Rule 206(4)-5 (“Rule” or “Pay to Play Rule”) as a means to curtail the ability of investment advisers to use political contributions to influence state and municipal officials responsible for the hiring of investment advisers, otherwise known as “pay to play” practices. Under the Rule, political contributions made by advisers or their Covered Associates may result in serious limitations on advisers’ ability to receive compensation for the management of certain public funds. The Rule does not prohibit political

 

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contributions but prohibits the adviser from receiving compensation from the government plan. The Rule does not preempt state and local pay to play or other laws restricting political contributions which may be more restrictive.

 

Virtus Pay to Play Policy prohibits political contributions to state or local government officials or candidates by Covered Associates in excess of the contribution limits established by the Rule. This prohibition includes contributions made by a Covered Associate’s spouse or family members living in the same household. The Policy also applies to certain contributions to Political Action Committees (“PACs”) and state and local political parties or committees. All contributions to state and local government officials and candidates, state and local political parties and committees and PACs must be reported in accordance with the Policy. Please refer to Virtus Pay to Play Policy for further information.

 

6. Reporting & Compliance Procedures 2

 

A. Duplicate Trade Confirmations and Personal Brokerage Account Statements: All Access Persons shall direct their brokers to supply, at the same time that they are sent to the Access Person, a copy of the confirmation for each personal Reportable Securities trade in a Personal Brokerage Account and a copy, at least quarterly, of an account statement for each Personal Brokerage Account to their respective Compliance Department (an electronic feed from the broker will satisfy these requirements). Access to duplicate confirmations and account statements will be restricted to those persons assigned to perform review functions, and all materials will be kept confidential except as required by law.

 

B. Quarterly Transactions Reports: Access Persons shall report to the Firm the information (specified further below) with respect to transactions in any Reportable Security in which the Access Person has, or by reason of that transaction acquires, any direct or indirect Beneficial Ownership in the Reportable Security.
     
Access Persons shall not be required to make a report with respect to transactions effected for any account over which that person lacks any direct or indirect influence or control in the reasonable estimation of the Firm’s CCO.

 

 

2 Certain Supervised Persons are subject to the requirements of Sections 6A, 6B and 6C. Please see the Appendix following this Code.

 

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The Firm’s CCO may grant an extension to the 15-day quarterly reporting deadline for cases of hardship, illness, system unavailability or other extenuating circumstances provided that such extension does not exceed the 30-day limit required by Rule 204A-1 of the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended.  Such extension will not be considered a waiver of this Code of Ethics. Access Person’s Quarterly Transaction Reports shall contain the following information:

 

(i) All transactions in Reportable Securities effected during the calendar quarter being reported on;

 

(ii) The date of the transaction in the Reportable Security, the title and number of shares of equity securities; or, the maturity date, principal amount and interest rate of debt securities, of each Reportable Security involved; and as applicable, the exchange ticker symbol or cusip number;

 

(iii) The type of transaction (i.e., purchase, sale, or any other type of acquisition or disposition);

 

(iv) The price of the Reportable Security at which the transaction was effected;

 

(v) The name of the broker, dealer or bank with or through whom the transaction was effected; and

 

(vi) The date the report is submitted.

 

To the extent that the Access Person certified that the Compliance Department is receiving duplicate statements of Personal Brokerage Accounts, the above disclosures are considered to have been made for transactions in Reportable Securities occurring in those Personal Brokerage Accounts.

 

C. Initial and Annual Holdings Reports: Each Access Person shall submit an Initial Holdings and Annual Holdings Report listing all personal Reportable Securities holdings to their Firm’s Compliance Department upon the commencement of service and annually thereafter (the Initial Holdings Report and the Annual Holdings Report , respectively). The information on the Initial Holdings Report must be current as of a date not more than 45 days prior to the date the individual becomes an Access Person. An Initial Holdings Report and certification must be submitted to their Firm’s Compliance Departments no later than 10 days after becoming an Access Person. The Annual Holdings Report holdings information shall be as of December 31 of the prior year. Access Persons shall submit the Annual Holdings Report and certification to their Firm’s Compliance Department by January 31 of each year. Access Persons shall include on their Annual Holdings Report any holdings in

 

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Affiliated Open-end Mutual Funds including those held in the Access Person’s Virtus-Fidelity 401(k) plan.

 

Every Initial Holdings Report and Annual Holdings Report required pursuant to this section shall contain the following information for Reportable Securities:

 

(i) The title, type and number of shares of equity securities; and/or the maturity date, principal amount and interest rate of debt securities; and as applicable the exchange ticker symbol or CUSIP number, number of shares, and principal amount of each Reportable Security in which the Access Person has any direct or indirect Beneficial Ownership;

 

(ii) The name of any broker, dealer or bank with which the Access Person maintains an account in which any securities are held for the Access Person’s direct or indirect Beneficial Ownership;

 

(iii) The date the Access Person submits the report; and

 

(iv) For Initial Holdings Reports and Annual Holdings Reports, a certification by the Supervised Person that he or she has read, understood, has complied, and shall continue to comply with the requirements of this Code and the Firm’s Insider Trading Policy and Procedures.

 

Exceptions to reporting requirements (Quarterly Transactions and Initial and Annual Holdings):

 

(i) Any report of Reportable Securities held in accounts over which the Access Person had no direct or indirect influence or control;

 

(ii) A Quarterly Transaction Report of Reportable Securities transactions effected pursuant to an automatic investment plan; and

 

(iii) A Quarterly Transaction Report if it would duplicate information contained in broker trade confirmations or account statements received no later than 30 days after the end of the applicable calendar quarter.

 

D. Any report made under this Section 6 may contain a statement that the report shall not be construed as an admission by the person making such reports that he or she has any direct or indirect Beneficial Ownership in the security to which the report relates.

 

E. The Firm’s CCO shall submit an annual report to the Fund Board of Directors/Trustee for any fund advised or sub-advised by the Firm that

 

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summarizes the current Code procedures, identifies any violations requiring significant remedial action, and recommends appropriate changes to the Code, if any.

 

F. Any Supervised Person must promptly report possible violations of the Code to the Firm’s CCO or other designee (including but not limited to potential conflicts of interest) when they suspect, in good faith, that a violation may have occurred or is reasonably likely to occur. If a matter implicates the Firm’s CCO or other designee, notice of a violation should be reported to the Virtus Investment Partners Inc. CCO. Failure to do so is in itself a violation of this Code. No retaliation or retribution of any kind will be taken against any Supervised Person who, in good faith, reports a suspected violation of this Code. To the extent possible under the circumstances, all information will be kept confidential.

 

G. The Firm’s Compliance Department will review all reports and other information submitted under Section 6. This review will include comparisons with trading records of Client accounts as are necessary or appropriate in determining whether there have been any violations of the Code.

 

H. The Firm’s Compliance Personnel will maintain a list of all Supervised Persons, Access Persons, Advisory Persons, and Portfolio Managers who are required to make reports under the Code, and shall inform such individuals of their reporting obligations and if any requirement of this Code has not been complied with.

 

I. The Firm shall provide a copy of the Code and any amendments to all Supervised Persons and obtain their written acknowledgement of receipt.

 

7. 401(k) Plans and the Requirements of the Code 3

 

A. Disclosure of Personal Brokerage Accounts: Access Persons are not required to disclose the existence of their Virtus-Fidelity 401(k) plan, but Access Persons must disclose any other 401(k) account if the account can transact in Affiliated Open-end Mutual Funds and/or other Reportable Securities.

 

B. Preclearance Rule: Access Persons are not required to preclear transactions in Affiliated Open-end Mutual Funds (e.g., transferring amounts from one fund to another) or contributions in the form of payroll deductions. Access

 

 

3 Certain Supervised Persons are subject to the requirements of Sections 7A and 7C – 7E. Please see the Appendix following this Code.

 

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Persons are required to preclear transactions in Reportable Securities that are not exceptions to the Preclearance Rule of Section 5 (e.g., the sale of previous employer’s stock).

 

C. Duplicate Trade Confirmations and Personal Brokerage Account Statements: If an Access Person has a 401(k) account from a previous employer that can transact in Affiliated Open-end Mutual Funds and/or other Reportable Securities, the Access Person shall direct her broker to supply, at the same time that they are sent to the Access Person, a copy of the confirmation for each personal Reportable Securities trade and a copy, at least quarterly, of an account statement to the Access Person’s Compliance Department for each 401(k) account other than the Virtus-Fidelity 401(k) plan.

 

D. Quarterly Transactions Reports: If the Compliance Department is not receiving copies of broker trade confirmations or account statements, Access Persons are required to submit a Quarterly Transaction Report for transactions in Reportable Securities (e.g., Affiliated Open-end Mutual Funds or a previous employer’s stock) for 401(k) accounts other than the Virtus-Fidelity 401(k) plan.

 

E. Initial and Annual Holdings Reports: Access Persons are required to report all holdings in Reportable Securities, including holdings in the Virtus-Fidelity 401(k) plan (e.g., Affiliated Open-end Mutual Funds).

 

8. Pay to Play Rule Reporting

 

A. Covered Associates shall refer to Virtus Pay to Play Policy for reporting requirements.

 

9. Recordkeeping Requirements

 

A. The Firm will maintain in an easily accessible place, the following records:

 

a) A copy of any Code for the organization that is in effect, or at any time within the past five (5) calendar years was in effect;

 

b) A record of any Code violation or action taken as a result of the violation that occurred during the current year and the past five (5) calendar years;

 

c) A record of all written acknowledgments as required by Rule 204A-1 of the Advisers Act for each Supervised Person who is currently, or within the past five (5) calendar years was, a Supervised Person;

 

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d) A copy of each report made by an Access Person during the current year and the past five (5) calendar years as required by Rule 17j-1 of the Investment Company Act and/or Rule 204A-1 of the Advisers Act and Sections 6B and 6C of this Code, including any information provided in lieu of the reports under Section 6B and 6C above;

 

e) A list of all persons, currently or within the past five (5) calendar years who are or were required to make reports pursuant to Rule 17j-1 of the Investment Company Act and/or Rule 204A-1 of the Advisers Act and Sections 6B and 6C above, or who were responsible for reviewing those reports, together with an appropriate description of their title or employment;

 

f) A copy of each report made by the Firm’s CCO pursuant to Section 6E above during the current year and the past five (5) calendar years;

 

g) A record of any decision made during the current year and the past five (5) calendar years by the Firm’s CCO, and the reasons supporting each decision, to grant prior approval pursuant to Sections 5A and 5B above for acquisition by an Access Person of securities in an IPO or a Private Placement transaction;

 

h) The Virtus Investment Partners Inc. Corporate Compliance Department (or at its direction, another Firm CCO) is responsible for administration of all aspects of this Code with respect to those individuals designated as Affiliated Officers by providing written affirmation that the provisions of this Code were upheld and that these Affiliated Officers were or were not in compliance with the Code and/or providing any required records to the applicable Firm (or other affiliate) CCO.

 

i) As required by enhanced recordkeeping requirements under Rule 204-2 of the Adviser Act, records related to political contributions made by the Firm and its Covered Associates are specified in Virtus Pay to Play Policy.

 

9. Sanctions

 

Upon discovering a violation of this Code, the Parent of the Firm or if applicable the Funds Board of Directors, besides any remedial action already taken by the respective adviser or related entity, may impose sanctions as it deems appropriate (see under separate cover the currently imposed sanctions), including, among other things, a letter of censure or suspension or termination of employment, or suspension of personal trading privileges for such period as it may deem appropriate.

 

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Any profits realized by a Portfolio Manager or Advisory Person on a personal trade in violation of Section 5E (Blackout Rule) must be disgorged. In addition, the Firm’s CCO may direct any Supervised Person to disgorge any profit realized (or loss avoided) on a personal trade in violation of this Code.

 

10. Exceptions

 

The Firm’s CCO may grant written exceptions (aka “waivers”) to provisions of the Code based on equitable considerations. The exceptions may be granted to individuals or classes of individuals with respect to particular transactions, classes of transactions or all transactions, and may apply to past as well as future transactions.

 

However, no exception will be granted when it would result in a violation of Section 204-2 of the Advisers Act. Exceptions granted are reported to the Directors of the Firm, as well as the Boards of any managed Fund. Extensions to reporting deadlines that are not exceptions or waivers are reported only to the Virtus Corporate CCO.

 

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Appendix

 

Additional requirements for Euclid Advisors LLC, Newfleet Asset Management, LLC, Virtus Alternative Investment Advisers, Inc., Virtus Investment Advisers, Inc., VP Distributors, LLC and Zweig Advisers LLC are as follows:

 

· All Supervised Persons of the above Firms are subject to the same requirements as Access Persons as indicated in Section 4. “Disclosure of Personal Brokerage Accounts”, Section 6. “Reporting & Compliance Requirements” (Sections: 6A, 6B, and 6C) and Section 7. “401(k) Accounts and the Requirements of the Code” (Sections: 7A and 7C – 7E). Specifically the term “Access Person(s)” as used in those sections is hereby replaced with the term “Access Person(s) and Supervised Person(s)”.

 

Additional requirements for Kayne Anderson Rudnick Investment Management, LLC (“KAR”) are as follows:

 

· All KAR employees are considered Access Persons. KAR employees are permitted to buy or sell exchange traded funds (“ETFs”) without receiving pre-clearance from Compliance. However, all ETF transactions should be included on the quarterly personal trade certifications.

 

· KAR employees follow the policy on gifts and entertainment discussed below. However, any KAR employee who is registered with VP Distributors, LLC will follow the gift and entertainment policy in Section 5 (g) of this Code of Ethics.

 

o A conflict of interest occurs when the personal interests of employees interfere or could potentially interfere with their responsibilities to the firm and its clients. Supervised Persons should not accept inappropriate gifts, favors, entertainment, special accommodations, or other things of material value that could influence their decision-making or make them feel beholden to a person or firm. Supervised Persons should not offer gifts, favors, entertainment, or other things of value that could be viewed as overly generous or aimed at influencing decision-making or making a client feel beholden to the firm or the supervised person.

 

o Gifts: No Supervised Person may receive any gift, services, or other things of more than a $175.00 value per year from any person or entity that does business with or on behalf of KAR, without pre-approval by the Chief Compliance Officer or Chief Operating Officer. No Supervised Person may give or offer any gift of more than a $175.00 value per year to existing clients, prospective clients, or any entity that does business with or on behalf of the adviser without pre-approval by the Chief Compliance Officer or the Chief Operating Officer. Compliance will maintain a Gift Log of all gifts over $175 given or received from by any KAR employees, which are not broker/dealer related. The Gift Log will include:

 

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employee name, type of gift, dollar amount of gift, and sender of the gift. In addition, Compliance will maintain a Gift Log of all gifts over $100 given or received by any broker/dealer. The broker/dealer Gift Log will include: employee name, type of gift, dollar amount of gift, and broker who sent the gift.

 

o Cash: No Supervised Person may give or accept cash gifts or cash equivalents to or from a client, prospective client, or any entity that does business with or on behalf of KAR without approval from the Chief Compliance Officer.

 

o Entertainment: No Supervised Person may provide or accept extravagant or excessive entertainment to or from a client, prospective client, or any person or entity that does or seeks to do business with or on behalf of KAR. Supervised Persons may provide or accept a business entertainment event, such as dinner or a sporting event.

 

· Additional requirement for Access Persons of Cliffwater Investments LLC (“Cliffwater”) are as follows: Preclearance and Holding Period Rule: It is understood that Cliffwater does not as a general practice maintain trading operations for its clients; nor does it complete research, consider or recommend transactions on individual securities. Therefore, as long as this is the case, Cliffwater Access Persons shall not be required to preclear transactions as required by Sections 5.C. and 5.D. Rather, Cliffwater Access Persons will be required to preclear any security that is listed on the Cliffwater Restricted List. The Restricted List shall be maintained in Virtus’s Hartford Compliance Department and circulated to Cliffwater Access Persons whenever there are changes made thereto, or no less than quarterly. Cliffwater Access Persons shall be subject to all other requirements of this Code of Ethics. Furthermore, Section 5.F is modified to reflect that Cliffwater’s Access Persons must hold all Reportable Securities for no less than thirty (30) days, whether or not the purchase was an exempt transaction under any other provision of Section 5. Generally, a first-in first-out (“FIFO”) accounting methodology will be applied for determining compliance with this holding rule.

 

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Schedule A

 

On October 1, 2012, the following entities adopted this Code of Ethics:

 

Euclid Advisors LLC

Duff & Phelps Investment Management Co.

Kayne Anderson Rudnick Investment Management, LLC

Newfleet Asset Management, LLC

Rampart Investment Management Company, LLC

Virtus Alternative Investment Advisers, Inc.

Virtus Investment Advisers, Inc.

VP Distributors, LLC

Zweig Advisers LLC

 

On October 4, 2012, the following entity adopted this Code of Ethics:

Newfound Investments, LLC

 

On January 22, 2014, the following entity adopted this Code of Ethics:

Cliffwater Investments LLC

 

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Schedule B

 

Listing of Affiliated Open-End Mutual Funds

 

Section 3.E. of the Code of Ethics adopted by Virtus and its affiliates defines an “Affiliated Open-End Mutual Fund” to mean any open-end mutual fund to which the Firm or its control affiliate(s) serve as the investment adviser or principal underwriter. Currently, this means all open-end (non-exchange traded) funds managed by Virtus and its affiliates. Such funds are listed below:

 

· Virtus Mutual Funds (all funds)
· Virtus Variable Insurance Trust (all funds)
· Dunham Corporate / Government Bond Fund
· Dreyfus Select Managers Small Cap Value Fund
· UBS Pace Small Medium Co Value Equity Investment
· Dunham Floating Rate Bond Fund

 

This Schedule will be updated from time to time without being considered an amendment to the Code of Ethics).

 

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