As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 29, 2015
Registration Nos. 033-05033
811-04642
UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM N-1A
REGISTRATION STATEMENT
UNDER
| THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933 | ||
| Pre-Effective Amendment No. | ¨ | |
| Post-Effective Amendment No. 74 | x |
and/or
REGISTRATION STATEMENT
UNDER
THE INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT OF 1940
| Amendment No. 76 | x |
(check appropriate box or boxes)
Virtus Variable Insurance Trust
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Charter)
Area Code and Telephone Number: (800) 248-7971
100 Pearl Street
Hartford, CT 06103
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)
Jennifer Fromm, Esq.
Counsel
Virtus Investment Partners, Inc.
100 Pearl Street
Hartford, CT 06103
(Name and Address of Agent for Service)
Copies of All Correspondence to:
Stacy H. Louizos, Esq.
Sullivan&Worcester LLP
1200 Avenue of the Americas
New York, NY 10104
It is proposed that this filing will become effective (check appropriate box):
| ¨ | immediately upon filing pursuant to paragraph (b) |
| x | on April 30, 2015 pursuant to paragraph (b) of Rule 485 |
| ¨ | 60 days after filing pursuant to paragraph (a)(1) |
| ¨ | on or at such later date as the Commission shall order pursuant to paragraph (a)(2) |
| ¨ | 75 days after filing pursuant to paragraph (a)(2) |
| ¨ | on pursuant to paragraph (a)(2) of Rule 485 |
If appropriate, check the following box:
| ¨ | this post-effective amendment designates a new effective date for a previously filed post-effective amendment. |
|
|
The Prospectus describes the Virtus Capital Growth Series (the “Series”), which is available as an underlying investment through a variable life insurance policy or a variable annuity contract (a "variable contract”). For information about your variable contract, including information about insurance-related expenses, see the prospectus for your variable contract.
|
|
|
April 30,
2015
|
|
|
|
The Securities and Exchange Commission has not approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this prospectus is truthful
|
|
|
Not FDIC Insured
No Bank Guarantee
May Lose Value
|
|
|
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|
|
|
Fund Summary
|
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Investment Objective
|
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Fees and Expenses
|
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Principal Investment Strategies
|
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Principal Risks
|
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Performance
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Management
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Purchase and Sale of Series Shares
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Tax Information
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|
Payments to Insurance Companies and Other Financial Intermediaries
|
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More About Principal Investment Strategies
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More About Principal Risks
|
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|
Management of the Series
|
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|
Risks Associated with Other Investment Strategies and Series Operations
|
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Distribution Plan
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More About the Trust and the Series
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|
Investing in the Series
|
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|
Financial Highlights
|
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|
Shareholder Fees
(fees paid directly from your investment)
:
|
|
|
Class A
|
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
Shareholder Fees
|
|
|
None
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Annual Series Operating Expenses
(expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment):
|
|
|
Class A
|
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
Management Fees
|
|
|
0.70%
|
|
|
|
Distribution and/or Service (12b-1) Fees
|
|
|
0.25%
|
|
|
|
Other Expenses
|
|
|
0.24%
|
|
|
|
Total Annual Series Operating Expenses
|
|
|
1.19%
|
|
|
|
Less: Expense
Reimbursement
(1)
|
|
|
(0.16%)
|
|
|
|
Total
Annual Series Operating Expenses
After Expense Reimbursement
(1)
|
|
|
1.03%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 Year
|
|
|
3 Years
|
|
|
5 Years
|
|
|
10 Years
|
|
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
Class A
|
|
|
$105
|
|
|
$362
|
|
|
$639
|
|
|
$1,429
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Best Quarter:
|
|
|
1Q/2012:
|
|
|
16.59%
|
|
|
Worst Quarter:
|
|
|
3Q/2011:
|
|
|
-20.30%
|
|
|
Year to date
(3/31/15):
|
|
|
5.62%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
Average Annual Total Returns
(for the periods ended
12/31/14)
|
|
|
1 Year
|
|
|
5 Years
|
|
|
10 Years
|
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
Class A
|
|
|
11.73%
|
|
|
12.51%
|
|
|
5.10%
|
|
|
|
S&P 500
®
Index (does not reflect fees or expenses)
|
|
|
13.69%
|
|
|
15.45%
|
|
|
7.67%
|
|
|
|
Russell 1000
®
Growth Index (does not reflect fees or expenses)
|
|
|
13.05%
|
|
|
15.81%
|
|
|
8.49%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1
st
$250 million
|
|
|
$250+ million through $500 million
|
|
|
Over $500 million
|
|
|
|
0.70%
|
|
|
0.65%
|
|
|
0.60%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1/1/14 to
12/31/14
|
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|
1/1/13 to
12/31/13
|
|
|
1/1/12 to
12/31/12
|
|
|
1/1/11 to
12/31/11
|
|
|
1/1/10 to
12/31/10
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
Net Asset Value, Beginning of Period
|
|
|
|
$
|
20.41
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
15.82
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
13.99
|
|
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|
|
14.67
|
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|
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|
|
12.83
|
|
|
|
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|
Net Investment Income (Loss)
(1)
|
|
|
|
|
(0.00
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.04
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.11
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.01
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.05
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net Realized and Unrealized Gain (Loss)
|
|
|
|
|
2.39
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4.61
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.81
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.68
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.85
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total from Investment Operations
|
|
|
|
|
2.39
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4.65
|
|
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|
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|
|
1.92
|
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|
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|
|
|
(0.67
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.90
|
|
|
|
|
|
Dividends from Net Investment Income
|
|
|
|
|
(0.01
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.06
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.09
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.01
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.06
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
Distributions from Net Realized Gains
|
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
—
|
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|
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—
|
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|
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|
—
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Distributions
|
|
|
|
|
(0.01
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.06
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.09
|
)
|
|
|
|
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|
(0.01
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.06
|
)
|
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|
Change in Net Asset Value
|
|
|
|
|
2.38
|
|
|
|
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|
|
4.59
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.83
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.68
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.84
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net Asset Value, End of Period
|
|
|
|
$
|
22.79
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
20.41
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
15.82
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
13.99
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
14.67
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Return
(2)
|
|
|
|
|
11.73
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
29.44
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
13.76
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(4.60
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
14.88
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net Assets, End of Period (in thousands)
|
|
|
|
$
|
217,038
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
218,264
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
189,975
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
189,689
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
228,109
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ratio of Net Operating Expenses to Average Net Assets
(3)
|
|
|
|
|
1.03
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.03
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.96
|
(4)
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.95
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.95
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ratio of Gross Operating Expenses to Average Net Assets
(before waivers and reimbursements)
(3)
|
|
|
|
|
1.19
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.14
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.13
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.15
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.05
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ratio of Net Investment Income to Average Net Assets
|
|
|
|
|
(0.01
|
)%
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.19
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.68
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.04
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.36
|
|
|
|
|
|
Portfolio Turnover Rate
|
|
|
|
|
29
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
30
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
16
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
127
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
166
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
Virtus Variable Insurance Trust (VVIT)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Investment Company Act File No. 811-04642
|
|
|
4-15
|
|
|
|
8501
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The Prospectus describes the Virtus Capital Growth Series (the “Series”), which is available as an underlying investment through a variable life insurance policy or a variable annuity contract (a "variable contract”). For information about your variable contract, including information about insurance-related expenses, see the prospectus for your variable contract.
|
|
|
April 30,
2015
|
|
|
|
The Securities and Exchange Commission has not approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this prospectus is truthful
|
|
|
Not FDIC Insured
No Bank Guarantee
May Lose Value
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fund Summary
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Investment Objective
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fees and Expenses
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Principal Investment Strategies
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Principal Risks
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Performance
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Management
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Purchase and Sale of Series Shares
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Tax Information
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Payments to Insurance Companies and Other Financial Intermediaries
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
More About Principal Investment Strategies
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
More About Principal Risks
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Management of the Series
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Risks Associated with Other Investment Strategies and Series Operations
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Distribution Plan
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
More About the Trust and the Series
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Investing in the Series
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Financial Highlights
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Shareholder Fees
(fees paid directly from your investment):
|
|
|
Class A
|
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
Shareholder Fees
|
|
|
None
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Annual Series Operating Expenses
(expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment):
|
|
|
Class A
|
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
Management Fees
|
|
|
0.70%
|
|
|
|
Distribution and/or Service (12b-1) Fees
|
|
|
0.25%
|
|
|
|
Other Expenses
|
|
|
0.25%
|
|
|
|
Total Annual Series Operating Expenses
|
|
|
1.20%
|
|
|
|
Less: Expense
Reimbursement
(1)
|
|
|
(0.22%)
|
|
|
|
Total
Annual Series Operating Expenses
After Expense Reimbursement
(1)
|
|
|
0.98%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 Year
|
|
|
3 Years
|
|
|
5 Years
|
|
|
10 Years
|
|
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
Class A
|
|
|
$100
|
|
|
$359
|
|
|
$638
|
|
|
$1,435
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Best Quarter:
|
|
|
2Q/2009:
|
|
|
17.78%
|
|
|
Worst Quarter:
|
|
|
4Q/2008:
|
|
|
-20.13%
|
|
|
Year to date
(3/31/15):
|
|
|
1.12%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Average Annual Total Returns
(for the periods ended
12/31/14)
|
|
|
1 Year
|
|
|
5 Years
|
|
|
10 Years
|
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
Class A
|
|
|
9.64%
|
|
|
12.97%
|
|
|
6.84%
|
|
|
|
S&P 500
®
Index (does not reflect fees or expenses)
|
|
|
13.69%
|
|
|
15.45%
|
|
|
7.67%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1
st
$250 million
|
|
|
$250+ million through $500 million
|
|
|
Over $500 million
|
|
|
|
0.70%
|
|
|
0.65%
|
|
|
0.60%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1/1/14 to
12/31/14
|
|
|
1/1/13 to
12/31/13
|
|
|
1/1/12 to
12/31/12
|
|
|
1/1/11 to
12/31/11
|
|
|
1/1/10 to
12/31/10
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
Net Asset Value, Beginning of Period
|
|
|
|
$
|
17.23
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
14.23
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
12.51
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
12.82
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
11.49
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net Investment Income (Loss)
(1)
|
|
|
|
|
0.16
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.11
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.12
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.09
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.11
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net Realized and Unrealized Gain (Loss)
|
|
|
|
|
1.51
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4.39
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.73
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.30
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.34
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total from Investment Operations
|
|
|
|
|
1.67
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4.50
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.85
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.21
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.45
|
|
|
|
|
|
Dividends from Net Investment Income
|
|
|
|
|
(0.17
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.14
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.13
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.10
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.12
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
Distributions from Net Realized Gains
|
|
|
|
|
(1.82
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1.36
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Distributions
|
|
|
|
|
(1.99
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1.50
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.13
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.10
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.12
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
Change in Net Asset Value
|
|
|
|
|
(0.32
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.72
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.31
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.33
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net Asset Value, End of Period
|
|
|
|
$
|
16.91
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
17.23
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
14.23
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
12.51
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
12.82
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Return
(2)
|
|
|
|
|
9.64
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
31.81
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
14.77
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1.66
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
12.83
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net Assets, End of Period (in thousands)
|
|
|
|
$
|
139,122
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
150,383
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
137,385
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
148,283
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
189,361
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ratio of Net Operating Expenses to Average Net Assets
(3)
|
|
|
|
|
0.98
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.98
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.91
|
(4)
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.90
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.90
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ratio of Gross Operating Expenses to Average Net Assets
(before waivers and reimbursements)
(3)
|
|
|
|
|
1.20
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.14
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.14
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.16
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.07
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ratio of Net Investment Income to Average Net Assets
|
|
|
|
|
0.91
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.84
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.83
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.69
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.98
|
|
|
|
|
|
Portfolio Turnover Rate
|
|
|
|
|
53
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
54
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
73
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
36
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
39
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
Virtus Variable Insurance Trust (VVIT)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Investment Company Act File No. 811-04642
|
|
|
4-15
|
|
|
|
8503
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The Prospectus describes the Virtus International Series (the “Series”), which is available as an underlying investment through a variable life insurance policy or a variable annuity contract (a "variable contract”). For information about your variable contract, including information about insurance-related expenses, see the prospectus for your variable contract.
|
|
|
April 30,
2015
|
|
|
|
The Securities and Exchange Commission has not approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this prospectus is truthful
|
|
|
Not FDIC Insured
No Bank Guarantee
May Lose Value
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fund Summary
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Investment Objective
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fees and Expenses
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Principal Investment Strategies
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Principal Risks
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Performance
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Management
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Purchase and Sale of Series Shares
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Tax Information
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Payments to Insurance Companies and Other Financial Intermediaries
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
More About Principal Investment Strategies
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
More About Principal Risks
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Management of the Series
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Risks Associated with Other Investment Strategies and Series Operations
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Distribution Plan
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
More About the Trust and the Series
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Investing in the Series
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Financial Highlights
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Shareholder Fees
(fees paid directly from your investment):
|
|
|
Class A
|
|
|
Class I
|
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
Shareholder Fees
|
|
|
None
|
|
|
None
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Annual Series Operating Expenses
(expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your
investment):
|
|
|
Class A
|
|
|
Class I
|
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
Management Fees
|
|
|
0.74%
|
|
|
0.74%
|
|
|
|
Distribution and/or Service (12b-1) Fees
|
|
|
0.25%
|
|
|
None
|
|
|
|
Other Expenses
|
|
|
0.27%
|
|
|
0.27%
|
|
|
|
Total Annual Series Operating Expenses
|
|
|
1.26%
|
|
|
1.01%
|
|
|
|
Less: Expense
Reimbursement
(1)
|
|
|
(0.08%)
|
|
|
(0.08%)
|
|
|
|
Total
Annual Series Operating Expenses
After Expense Reimbursement
(1)
|
|
|
1.18%
|
|
|
0.93%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 Year
|
|
|
3 Years
|
|
|
5 Years
|
|
|
10 Years
|
|
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
Class A
|
|
|
$120
|
|
|
$392
|
|
|
$684
|
|
|
$1,516
|
|
|
|
Class I
|
|
|
$95
|
|
|
$314
|
|
|
$550
|
|
|
$1,229
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Best Quarter:
|
|
|
2Q/2009:
|
|
|
26.08%
|
|
|
Worst Quarter:
|
|
|
4Q/2008:
|
|
|
-21.56%
|
|
|
Year to date
(3/31/15):
|
|
|
1.56%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Average Annual Total Returns
(for the periods ended
12/31/14)
|
|
|
1 Year
|
|
|
5 Years
|
|
|
10 Years
|
|
|
Since Inception Class I (4/30/13)
|
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
Class A
|
|
|
-3.90%
|
|
|
5.50%
|
|
|
6.83%
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
Class I
|
|
|
-3.71%
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
-1.56%
|
|
|
|
S&P 500
®
Index (does not reflect fees or expenses)
|
|
|
13.69%
|
|
|
15.45%
|
|
|
7.67%
|
|
|
18.88%
|
|
|
|
MSCI EAFE
®
Index (net) (does not reflect fees or expenses)
|
|
|
-4.90%
|
|
|
5.33%
|
|
|
4.43%
|
|
|
3.29%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1
st
$250 million
|
|
|
$250+ million through $500 million
|
|
|
Over $500 million
|
|
|
|
0.75%
|
|
|
0.70%
|
|
|
0.65%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1/1/14 to
12/31/14
|
|
|
1/1/13 to
12/31/13
|
|
|
1/1/12 to
12/31/12
|
|
|
1/1/11 to
12/31/11
|
|
|
1/1/10 to
12/31/10
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
Net Asset Value, Beginning of Period
|
|
|
|
$
|
18.23
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
17.30
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
15.28
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
16.45
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
14.86
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net Investment Income (Loss)
(1)
|
|
|
|
|
0.67
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.35
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.41
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.47
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.35
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net Realized and Unrealized Gain (Loss)
|
|
|
|
|
(1.34
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.97
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2.06
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1.21
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.61
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total from Investment Operations
|
|
|
|
|
(0.67
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.32
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2.47
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.74
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.96
|
|
|
|
|
|
Dividends from Net Investment Income
|
|
|
|
|
(0.71
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.39
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.45
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.43
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.37
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
Distributions from Net Realized Gains
|
|
|
|
|
(0.18
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Distributions
|
|
|
|
|
(0.89
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.39
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.45
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.43
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.37
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
Change in Net Asset Value
|
|
|
|
|
(1.56
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.93
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2.02
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1.17
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.59
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net Asset Value, End of Period
|
|
|
|
$
|
16.67
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
18.23
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
17.30
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
15.28
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
16.45
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Return
(2)
|
|
|
|
|
(3.90
|
)%
|
|
|
|
|
|
7.78
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
16.52
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(4.57
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
13.47
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net Assets, End of Period (in thousands)
|
|
|
|
$
|
261,281
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
317,726
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
341,717
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
335,529
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
403,607
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ratio of Net Operating Expenses to Average Net Assets
(3)
|
|
|
|
|
1.18
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.18
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.06
|
(4)
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.03
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.03
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ratio of Gross Operating Expenses to Average Net Assets
(before waivers and reimbursements)
(3)
|
|
|
|
|
1.26
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.18
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.18
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.19
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.08
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ratio of Net Investment Income to Average Net Assets
|
|
|
|
|
3.60
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.97
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2.53
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2.91
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2.36
|
|
|
|
|
|
Portfolio Turnover Rate
|
|
|
|
|
9
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
11
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
13
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
17
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
24
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
1/1/14 to 12/31/14
|
|
|
4/30/13
(5)
to 12/31/13
|
|
|||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
Net Asset Value, Beginning of Period
|
|
|
|
$
|
18.22
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
18.40
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net Investment Income (Loss)
(1)
|
|
|
|
|
0.69
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.18
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net Realized and Unrealized Gain (Loss)
|
|
|
|
|
(1.32
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.08
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total from Investment Operations
|
|
|
|
|
(0.63
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.26
|
|
|
|
|
|
Dividends from Net Investment Income
|
|
|
|
|
(0.76
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.44
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
Distributions from Net Realized Gains
|
|
|
|
|
(0.18
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Distributions
|
|
|
|
|
(0.94
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.44
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
Change in Net Asset Value
|
|
|
|
|
(1.57
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.18
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
Net Asset Value, End of Period
|
|
|
|
$
|
16.65
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
18.22
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Return
(2)
|
|
|
|
|
(3.71
|
)%
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.17
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net Assets, End of Period (in thousands)
|
|
|
|
$
|
97
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
104
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ratio of Net Operating Expenses to Average
Net Assets
(3)
|
|
|
|
|
0.93
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.93
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ratio of Gross Operating Expenses to
Average Net Assets (before waivers and
reimbursements)
(3)
|
|
|
|
|
1.01
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.93
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ratio of Net Investment Income to Average
Net Assets
|
|
|
|
|
3.71
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.54
|
|
|
|
|
|
Portfolio Turnover Rate
|
|
|
|
|
9
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
11
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||
|
|
Virtus Variable Insurance Trust (VVIT)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Investment Company Act File No. 811-04642
|
|
|
4-15
|
|
|
|
8500
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The Prospectus describes the Virtus Multi-Sector Fixed Income Series (the “Series”), which is available as an underlying investment through a variable life insurance policy or a variable annuity contract (a "variable contract”). For information about your variable contract, including information about insurance-related expenses, see the prospectus for your variable contract.
|
|
|
April 30,
2015
|
|
|
|
The Securities and Exchange Commission has not approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this prospectus is truthful
|
|
|
Not FDIC Insured
No Bank Guarantee
May Lose Value
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fund Summary
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Investment Objective
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fees and Expenses
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Principal Investment Strategies
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Principal Risks
|
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Performance
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Management
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Purchase and Sale of Series Shares
|
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|
|
|
|
|
Tax Information
|
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|
|
|
|
Payments to Insurance Companies and Other Financial Intermediaries
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
More About Principal Investment Strategies
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More About Principal Risks
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Management of the Series
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Risks Associated with Other Investment Strategies and Series Operations
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Distribution Plan
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More About the Trust and the Series
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Investing in the Series
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Financial Highlights
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Shareholder Fees
(fees paid directly from your investment):
|
|
|
Class A
|
|
|
Class I
|
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
Shareholder Fees
|
|
|
None
|
|
|
None
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Annual Series Operating Expenses
(expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your
investment):
|
|
|
Class A
|
|
|
Class I
|
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
Management Fees
|
|
|
0.50%
|
|
|
0.50%
|
|
|
|
Distribution and/or Service (12b-1) Fees
|
|
|
0.25%
|
|
|
None
|
|
|
|
Other Expenses
|
|
|
0.26%
|
|
|
0.26%
|
|
|
|
Total Annual Series Operating Expenses
|
|
|
1.01%
|
|
|
0.76%
|
|
|
|
Less: Expense
Reimbursement
(1)
|
|
|
(0.07%)
|
|
|
(0.07%)
|
|
|
|
Total
Annual Series Operating Expenses
After Expense Reimbursement
(1)
|
|
|
0.94%
|
|
|
0.69%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 Year
|
|
|
3 Years
|
|
|
5 Years
|
|
|
10 Years
|
|
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
Class A
|
|
|
$96
|
|
|
$315
|
|
|
$551
|
|
|
$1,230
|
|
|
|
Class I
|
|
|
$70
|
|
|
$236
|
|
|
$415
|
|
|
$936
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Best Quarter:
|
|
|
2Q/2009:
|
|
|
15.10%
|
|
|
Worst Quarter:
|
|
|
4Q/2008:
|
|
|
-11.35%
|
|
|
Year to date
(3/31/15):
|
|
|
1.51%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Average Annual Total Returns
(for the periods ended
12/31/14)
|
|
|
1 Year
|
|
|
5 Years
|
|
|
10 Years
|
|
|
Since Inception Class I (4/30/13)
|
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
Class A
|
|
|
1.90%
|
|
|
7.08%
|
|
|
6.20%
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
Class I
|
|
|
2.16%
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
0.75%
|
|
|
|
Barclays U.S. Aggregate Bond Index (does not reflect fees or expenses)
|
|
|
5.97%
|
|
|
4.45%
|
|
|
4.71%
|
|
|
1.73%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1
st
$250 million
|
|
|
$250+ million through $500 million
|
|
|
Over $500 million
|
|
|
|
0.50%
|
|
|
0.45%
|
|
|
0.40%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1/1/14 to
12/31/14
|
|
|
1/1/13 to
12/31/13
|
|
|
1/1/12 to
12/31/12
|
|
|
1/1/11 to
12/31/11
|
|
|
1/1/10 to
12/31/10
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
Net Asset Value, Beginning of Period
|
|
|
|
$
|
9.54
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
9.88
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
9.18
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
9.55
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
8.98
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net Investment Income (Loss)
(1)
|
|
|
|
|
0.48
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.51
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.58
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.63
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.61
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net Realized and Unrealized Gain (Loss)
|
|
|
|
|
(0.29
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.30
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.74
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.34
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.65
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total from Investment Operations
|
|
|
|
|
0.19
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.21
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.32
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.29
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.26
|
|
|
|
|
|
Dividends from Net Investment Income
|
|
|
|
|
(0.48
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.55
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.62
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.66
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.69
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
Distributions from Net Realized Gains
|
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Distributions
|
|
|
|
|
(0.48
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.55
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.62
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.66
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.69
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
Change in Net Asset Value
|
|
|
|
|
(0.29
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.34
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.70
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.37
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.57
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net Asset Value, End of Period
|
|
|
|
$
|
9.25
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
9.54
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
9.88
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
9.18
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
9.55
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Return
(2)
|
|
|
|
|
1.90
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
2.25
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
14.69
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2.99
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
14.36
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net Assets, End of Period (in thousands)
|
|
|
|
$
|
154,915
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
171,995
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
203,775
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
197,016
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
227,860
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ratio of Net Operating Expenses to Average Net Assets
(3)
|
|
|
|
|
0.94
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.94
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.78
|
(4)
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.75
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.75
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ratio of Gross Operating Expenses to Average Net Assets
(before waivers and reimbursements)
(3)
|
|
|
|
|
1.01
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.96
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.94
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.97
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.85
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ratio of Net Investment Income to Average Net Assets
|
|
|
|
|
4.93
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
5.23
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
5.94
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
6.50
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
6.48
|
|
|
|
|
|
Portfolio Turnover Rate
|
|
|
|
|
48
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
56
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
85
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
39
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
56
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
1/1/14 to 12/31/14
|
|
|
4/30/13
(5)
to 12/31/13
|
|
|||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
Net Asset Value, Beginning of Period
|
|
|
|
$
|
9.53
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.19
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net Investment Income (Loss)
(1)
|
|
|
|
|
0.51
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.36
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net Realized and Unrealized Gain (Loss)
|
|
|
|
|
(0.29
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.44
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
Total from Investment Operations
|
|
|
|
|
0.22
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.08
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
Dividends from Net Investment Income
|
|
|
|
|
(0.51
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.58
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
Distributions from Net Realized Gains
|
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Distributions
|
|
|
|
|
(0.51
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.58
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
Change in Net Asset Value
|
|
|
|
|
(0.29
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.66
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
Net Asset Value, End of Period
|
|
|
|
$
|
9.24
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
9.53
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Return
(2)
|
|
|
|
|
2.16
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.89
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
Net Assets, End of Period (in thousands)
|
|
|
|
$
|
223
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
124
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ratio of Net Operating Expenses to Average
Net Assets
(3)
|
|
|
|
|
0.69
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.69
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ratio of Gross Operating Expenses to
Average Net Assets (before waivers and
reimbursements)
(3)
|
|
|
|
|
0.76
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.71
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ratio of Net Investment Income to Average
Net Assets
|
|
|
|
|
5.19
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
5.54
|
|
|
|
|
|
Portfolio Turnover Rate
|
|
|
|
|
48
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
56
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||
|
|
Virtus Variable Insurance Trust (VVIT)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Investment Company Act File No. 811-04642
|
|
|
4-15
|
|
|
|
8504
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The Prospectus describes the Virtus Premium AlphaSector
®
Series (the “Series”), which is available as an underlying investment
through a variable life insurance policy or a variable annuity contract (a "variable contract”). For information about your variable contract, including information about insurance-related expenses, see the prospectus for your variable contract.
|
|
|
April 30,
2015
|
|
|
|
The Securities and Exchange Commission has not approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this prospectus is truthful
|
|
|
Not FDIC Insured
No Bank Guarantee
May Lose Value
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fund Summary
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Investment Objective
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fees and Expenses
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Principal Investment Strategies
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Principal Risks
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Performance
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Management
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Purchase and Sale of Series Shares
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Tax Information
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Payments to Insurance Companies and Other Financial Intermediaries
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
More About Principal Investment Strategies
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
More About Principal Risks
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Management of the Series
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Risks Associated with Other Investment Strategies and Series Operations
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Distribution Plan
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
More About the Trust and the Series
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Investing in the Series
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Financial Highlights
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Shareholder Fees
(fees paid directly from your investment):
|
|
|
Class A
|
|
|
Class I
|
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
Shareholder Fees
|
|
|
None
|
|
|
None
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Annual Series Operating Expenses
(expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your
investment.)
|
|
|
Class A
|
|
|
Class I
|
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
Management Fees
|
|
|
1.10%
|
|
|
1.10%
|
|
|
|
Distribution and/or Service (12b-1) Fees
|
|
|
0.25%
|
|
|
None
|
|
|
|
Other Expenses
|
|
|
0.30%
|
|
|
0.30%
|
|
|
|
Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses
|
|
|
0.15%
|
|
|
0.15%
|
|
|
|
Recapture of Previously Waived Expenses
|
|
|
0.05%
|
|
|
0.05%
|
|
|
|
Total Annual Series Operating Expenses
(1)
|
|
|
1.85%
|
|
|
1.60%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 Year
|
|
|
3 Years
|
|
|
5 Years
|
|
|
10 Years
|
|
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
Class A
|
|
|
$188
|
|
|
$571
|
|
|
$979
|
|
|
$2,120
|
|
|
|
Class I
|
|
|
$163
|
|
|
$494
|
|
|
$849
|
|
|
$1,850
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Best Quarter:
|
|
|
1Q/2013:
|
|
|
10.37%
|
|
|
Worst Quarter:
|
|
|
4Q/2014:
|
|
|
-2.61%
|
|
|
Year to date
(3/31/15):
|
|
|
-3.90%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Average Annual Total Returns
(for the periods ended
12/31/14)
|
|
|
1 Year
|
|
|
Since Inception Class A (02/14/11)
|
|
|
Since Inception Class I (04/30/13)
|
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
Class A
|
|
|
2.23%
|
|
|
8.88%
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
Class I
|
|
|
2.39%
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
10.06%
|
|
|
|
S&P 500
®
Index (does not reflect fees or expenses)
|
|
|
13.69%
|
|
|
14.29%
|
|
|
18.88%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1/1/14 to 12/31/14
|
|
|
1/1/13 to 12/31/13
|
|
|
1/1/12 to 12/31/12
|
|
|
2/14/11
(4)
to 12/31/11
|
|
|||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
Net Asset Value, Beginning
of Period
|
|
|
|
$
|
13.30
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.41
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
9.49
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.00
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net Investment Income
(Loss)
(1)
|
|
|
|
|
0.04
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.06
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.15
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.08
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net Realized and
Unrealized Gain (Loss)
|
|
|
|
|
0.27
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2.92
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.86
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.52
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
Total from
Investment
Operations
|
|
|
|
|
0.31
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2.98
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.01
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.44
|
|
|
|
|
|
Dividends from Net
Investment Income
|
|
|
|
|
(0.05
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.05
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.09
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.07
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
Distributions from Net
Realized Gains
|
|
|
|
|
(1.01
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.04
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Distributions
|
|
|
|
|
(1.06
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.09
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.09
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.07
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
Change in Net Asset Value
|
|
|
|
|
(0.75
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
2.89
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.92
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.51
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
Net Asset Value, End of
Period
|
|
|
|
$
|
12.55
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
13.30
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.41
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
9.49
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Return
(2)
|
|
|
|
|
2.23
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
28.71
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.69
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(4.47
|
(6)
|
|
|
|
|
Net Assets, End of
Period (in thousands)
|
|
|
|
$
|
36,680
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
18,710
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4,958
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,250
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ratio of Net Operating
Expenses to Average
Net Assets
(3)
|
|
|
|
|
1.70
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.70
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.70
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.70
|
(5)
|
|
|
|
|
Ratio of Gross
Operating Expenses to
Average Net Assets
(before waivers and
reimbursements)
(3)
|
|
|
|
|
1.65
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.79
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2.07
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
7.31
|
(5)
|
|
|
|
|
Ratio of Net
Investment Income to
Average Net Assets
|
|
|
|
|
0.32
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.52
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.50
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.98
|
(5)
|
|
|
|
|
Portfolio Turnover Rate
|
|
|
|
|
473
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
108
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
272
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
249
|
(6)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
1/1/14 to 12/31/14
|
|
|
4/30/13
(4)
to 12/31/13
|
|
|||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
Net Asset Value, Beginning of Period
|
|
|
|
$
|
13.30
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
11.69
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net Investment Income (Loss)
(1)
|
|
|
|
|
0.05
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.07
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net Realized and Unrealized Gain (Loss)
|
|
|
|
|
0.29
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.66
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total from Investment Operations
|
|
|
|
|
0.34
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.73
|
|
|
|
|
|
Dividends from Net Investment Income
|
|
|
|
|
(0.06
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.08
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
Distributions from Net Realized Gains
|
|
|
|
|
(1.01
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.04
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
Total Distributions
|
|
|
|
|
(1.07
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.12
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
Change in Net Asset Value
|
|
|
|
|
(0.73
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.61
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net Asset Value, End of Period
|
|
|
|
$
|
12.57
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
13.30
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||
|
|
|
|
1/1/14 to 12/31/14
|
|
|
4/30/13
(4)
to 12/31/13
|
|
|||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
Total Return
(2)
|
|
|
|
|
2.39
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
14.64
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net Assets, End of Period (in thousands)
|
|
|
|
$
|
277
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
140
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ratio of Net Operating Expenses to Average Net Assets
(3)
|
|
|
|
|
1.45
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.45
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ratio of Gross Operating Expenses to Average Net Assets (before waivers and reimbursements)
(3)
|
|
|
|
|
1.41
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.50
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ratio of Net Investment Income to Average Net Assets
|
|
|
|
|
0.40
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.89
|
|
|
|
|
|
Portfolio Turnover Rate
|
|
|
|
|
473
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
108
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||
|
|
Virtus Variable Insurance Trust (VVIT)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Investment Company Act File No. 811-04642
|
|
|
4-15
|
|
|
|
8510
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The Prospectus describes the Virtus Real Estate Securities Series (the “Series”), which is available as an underlying investment through a variable life insurance policy or a variable annuity contract (a "variable contract”). For information about your variable contract, including information about insurance-related expenses, see the prospectus for your variable contract.
|
|
|
April 30,
2015
|
|
|
|
The Securities and Exchange Commission has not approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this prospectus is truthful
|
|
|
Not FDIC Insured
No Bank Guarantee
May Lose Value
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fund Summary
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Investment Objective
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fees and Expenses
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Principal Investment Strategies
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Principal Risks
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Performance
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Management
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Purchase and Sale of Series Shares
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Tax Information
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Payments to Insurance Companies and Other Financial Intermediaries
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
More About Principal Investment Strategies
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
More About Principal Risks
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Management of the Series
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Risks Associated with Other Investment Strategies and Series Operations
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Distribution Plan
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
More About the Trust and the Series
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Investing in the Series
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Financial Highlights
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Shareholder Fees
(fees paid directly from your investment):
|
|
|
Class A
|
|
|
Class I
|
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
Shareholder Fees
|
|
|
None
|
|
|
None
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Annual Series Operating Expenses
(expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your
investment.)
|
|
|
Class A
|
|
|
Class I
|
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
Management Fees
|
|
|
0.75%
|
|
|
0.75%
|
|
|
|
Distribution and/or Service (12b-1) Fees
|
|
|
0.25%
|
|
|
None
|
|
|
|
Other Expenses
|
|
|
0.27%
|
|
|
0.27%
|
|
|
|
Total Annual Series Operating Expenses
|
|
|
1.27%
|
|
|
1.02%
|
|
|
|
Less: Expense
Reimbursement
(1)
|
|
|
(0.11%)
|
|
|
(0.11%)
|
|
|
|
Total
Annual Series Operating Expenses
After Expense Reimbursement
(1)
|
|
|
1.16%
|
|
|
0.91%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 Year
|
|
|
3 Years
|
|
|
5 Years
|
|
|
10 Years
|
|
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
Class A
|
|
|
$118
|
|
|
$392
|
|
|
$686
|
|
|
$1,524
|
|
|
|
Class I
|
|
|
$93
|
|
|
$314
|
|
|
$553
|
|
|
$1,238
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Best Quarter:
|
|
|
3Q/2009:
|
|
|
33.37%
|
|
|
Worst Quarter:
|
|
|
4Q/2008:
|
|
|
-38.56%
|
|
|
Year to date
(3/31/15):
|
|
|
4.14%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Average Annual Total Returns
(for the periods ended
12/31/14)
|
|
|
1 Year
|
|
|
5 Years
|
|
|
10 Years
|
|
|
Since Inception Class I (4/30/13)
|
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
Class A
|
|
|
31.62%
|
|
|
16.92%
|
|
|
9.00%
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
Class I
|
|
|
31.98%
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
10.51%
|
|
|
|
S&P 500
®
Index (does not reflect fees or expenses)
|
|
|
13.69%
|
|
|
15.45%
|
|
|
7.67%
|
|
|
18.88%
|
|
|
|
FTSE NAREIT Equity REITs Index (does not reflect fees or expenses)
|
|
|
30.14%
|
|
|
16.88%
|
|
|
8.30%
|
|
|
9.02%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1
st
$1 billion
|
|
|
$1+ billion through $2 billion
|
|
|
Over $2 billion
|
|
|
|
0.75%
|
|
|
0.70%
|
|
|
0.65%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1/1/14 to
12/31/14
|
|
|
1/1/13 to
12/31/13
|
|
|
1/1/12 to
12/31/12
|
|
|
1/1/11 to
12/31/11
|
|
|
1/1/10 to
12/31/10
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
Net Asset Value, Beginning of Period
|
|
|
|
$
|
23.33
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
27.78
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
26.18
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
25.43
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
20.25
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net Investment Income (Loss)
(1)
|
|
|
|
|
0.29
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.34
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.30
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.24
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.28
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net Realized and Unrealized Gain (Loss)
|
|
|
|
|
7.00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.05
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
4.10
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2.25
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
5.35
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total from Investment Operations
|
|
|
|
|
7.29
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.29
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4.40
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2.49
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
5.63
|
|
|
|
|
|
Dividends from Net Investment Income
|
|
|
|
|
(0.31
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.29
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.19
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.45
|
)
|
|
|
| | | | | | |
|
|
Distributions from Net Realized Gains
|
|
|
|
|
(3.26
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(4.31
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(2.51
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1.55
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Distributions
|
|
|
|
|
(3.57
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(4.74
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(2.80
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1.74
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.45
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
Change in Net Asset Value
|
|
|
|
|
3.72
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(4.45
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.60
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.75
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
5.18
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net Asset Value, End of Period
|
|
|
|
$
|
27.05
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
23.33
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
27.78
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
26.18
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
25.43
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Return
(2)
|
|
|
|
|
31.62
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.90
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
16.98
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
9.87
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
28.00
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net Assets, End of Period (in thousands)
|
|
|
|
$
|
105,508
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
90,794
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
102,399
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
103,114
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
110,769
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ratio of Net Operating Expenses to Average Net Assets
(3)
|
|
|
|
|
1.16
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.16
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.11
|
(4)
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.10
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.10
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ratio of Gross Operating Expenses to Average Net Assets
(before waivers and reimbursements)
(3)
|
|
|
|
|
1.27
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.22
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.20
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.22
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.11
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ratio of Net Investment Income to Average Net Assets
|
|
|
|
|
1.10
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.20
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.03
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.90
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.23
|
|
|
|
|
|
Portfolio Turnover Rate
|
|
|
|
|
22
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
26
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
18
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
22
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
36
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
1/1/14 to 12/31/14
|
|
|
4/30/13
(5)
to 12/31/13
|
|
|||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
Net Asset Value, Beginning of Period
|
|
|
|
$
|
23.30
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
30.96
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net Investment Income (Loss)
(1)
|
|
|
|
|
0.34
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.23
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net Realized and Unrealized Gain (Loss)
|
|
|
|
|
7.02
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(3.08
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
Total from Investment Operations
|
|
|
|
|
7.36
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(2.85
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
Dividends from Net Investment Income
|
|
|
|
|
(0.38
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.50
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
Distributions from Net Realized Gains
|
|
|
|
|
(3.26
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(4.31
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
Total Distributions
|
|
|
|
|
(3.64
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(4.81
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
Change in Net Asset Value
|
|
|
|
|
3.72
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(7.66
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
Net Asset Value, End of Period
|
|
|
|
$
|
27.02
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
23.30
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Return
(2)
|
|
|
|
|
31.98
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
(10.45
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
Net Assets, End of Period (in thousands)
|
|
|
|
$
|
134
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
102
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ratio of Net Operating Expenses to Average
Net Assets
(3)
|
|
|
|
|
0.91
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.91
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ratio of Gross Operating Expenses to
Average Net Assets (before waivers and
reimbursements)
(3)
|
|
|
|
|
1.02
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.98
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ratio of Net Investment Income to Average
Net Assets
|
|
|
|
|
1.30
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.23
|
|
|
|
|
|
Portfolio Turnover Rate
|
|
|
|
|
22
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
26
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||
|
|
Virtus Variable Insurance Trust (VVIT)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Investment Company Act File No. 811-04642
|
|
|
4-15
|
|
|
|
8502
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The Prospectus describes the Virtus Small-Cap Growth Series (the “Series”), which is available as an underlying investment through a variable life insurance policy or a variable annuity contract (a "variable contract”). For information about your variable contract, including information about insurance-related expenses, see the prospectus for your variable contract.
|
|
|
April 30,
2015
|
|
|
|
The Securities and Exchange Commission has not approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this prospectus is truthful
|
|
|
Not FDIC Insured
No Bank Guarantee
May Lose Value
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fund Summary
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Investment Objective
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fees and Expenses
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Principal Investment Strategies
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Principal Risks
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Performance
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Management
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Purchase and Sale of Series Shares
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Tax Information
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Payments to Insurance Companies and Other Financial Intermediaries
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
More About Principal Investment Strategies
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
More About Principal Risks
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Management of the Series
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Risks Associated with Other Investment Strategies and Series Operations
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Distribution Plan
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
More About the Trust and the Series
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Investing in the Series
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Financial Highlights
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Shareholder Fees
(fees paid directly from your investment):
|
|
|
Class A
|
|
|
Class I
|
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
Shareholder Fees
|
|
|
None
|
|
|
None
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Annual Series Operating Expenses
(expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your
investment.)
|
|
|
Class A
|
|
|
Class I
|
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
Management Fees
|
|
|
0.85%
|
|
|
0.85%
|
|
|
|
Distribution and/or Service (12b-1) Fees
|
|
|
0.25%
|
|
|
None
|
|
|
|
Other Expenses
|
|
|
0.28%
|
|
|
0.28%
|
|
|
|
Total Annual Series Operating Expenses
|
|
|
1.38%
|
|
|
1.13%
|
|
|
|
Less: Expense
Reimbursement
(1)
|
|
|
(0.19%)
|
|
|
(0.19%)
|
|
|
|
Total
Annual Series Operating Expenses
After Expense Reimbursement
(1)
|
|
|
1.19%
|
|
|
0.94%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 Year
|
|
|
3 Years
|
|
|
5 Years
|
|
|
10 Years
|
|
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
Class A
|
|
|
$121
|
|
|
$418
|
|
|
$737
|
|
|
$1,641
|
|
|
|
Class I
|
|
|
$96
|
|
|
$340
|
|
|
$604
|
|
|
$1,358
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Best Quarter:
|
|
|
2Q/2009
|
|
|
16.58%
|
|
|
Worst Quarter:
|
|
|
4Q/2008:
|
|
|
-25.51%
|
|
|
Year to date
(3/31/15):
|
|
|
3.96%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Average Annual Total Returns
(for the periods ended
12/31/14)
|
|
|
1 Year
|
|
|
5 Years
|
|
|
10 Years
|
|
|
Since Inception Class I (4/30/13)
|
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
Class A
|
|
|
5.50%
|
|
|
16.97%
|
|
|
9.00%
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
Class I
|
|
|
5.78%
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
18.91%
|
|
|
|
S&P 500
®
Index (does not reflect fees or expenses)
|
|
|
13.69%
|
|
|
15.45%
|
|
|
7.67%
|
|
|
18.88%
|
|
|
|
Russell 2000
®
Growth Index (does not reflect fees or expenses)
|
|
|
5.60%
|
|
|
16.80%
|
|
|
8.54%
|
|
|
19.43%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1st $1 billion
|
|
|
Over $1 billion
|
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
0.85%
|
|
|
0.80%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1/1/14 to
12/31/14
|
|
|
1/1/13 to
12/31/13
|
|
|
1/1/12 to
12/31/12
|
|
|
1/1/11 to
12/31/11
|
|
|
1/1/10 to
12/31/10
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
Net Asset Value, Beginning of Period
|
|
|
|
$
|
21.72
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
15.66
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
14.03
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
13.24
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
11.66
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net Investment Income (Loss)
(1)
|
|
|
|
|
(0.13
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.12
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.07
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.02
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.07
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
Net Realized and Unrealized Gain (Loss)
|
|
|
|
|
1.29
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
6.39
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.59
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2.23
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.65
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total from Investment Operations
|
|
|
|
|
1.16
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
6.27
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.66
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2.21
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.58
|
|
|
|
|
|
Dividends from Net Investment Income
|
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.05
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.03
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
|
Distributions from Net Realized Gains
|
|
|
|
|
(2.15
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.16
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1.42
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Distributions
|
|
|
|
|
(2.15
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.21
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.03
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1.42
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
|
Change in Net Asset Value
|
|
|
|
|
(0.99
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
6.06
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.63
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.79
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.58
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net Asset Value, End of Period
|
|
|
|
$
|
20.73
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
21.72
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
15.66
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
14.03
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
13.24
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Return
(2)
|
|
|
|
|
5.50
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
40.20
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
11.81
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
16.59
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
13.53
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net Assets, End of Period (in thousands)
|
|
|
|
$
|
63,483
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
70,948
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
59,898
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
64,868
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
68,463
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ratio of Net Operating Expenses to Average Net Assets
(3)
|
|
|
|
|
1.19
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.19
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.07
|
(4)
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.05
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.05
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ratio of Gross Operating Expenses to Average Net Assets
(before waivers and reimbursements)
(3)
|
|
|
|
|
1.38
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.33
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.32
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.35
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.33
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ratio of Net Investment Income to Average Net Assets
|
|
|
|
|
(0.62
|
)%
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.63
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.44
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.15
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.55
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
Portfolio Turnover Rate
|
|
|
|
|
20
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
28
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
16
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
35
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
179
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
1/1/14 to 12/31/14
|
|
|
4/30/13
(5)
to 12/31/13
|
|
|||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
Net Asset Value, Beginning of Period
|
|
|
|
$
|
21.75
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
17.29
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net Investment Income (Loss)
(1)
|
|
|
|
|
(0.07
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.03
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
Net Realized and Unrealized Gain (Loss)
|
|
|
|
|
1.29
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4.70
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total from Investment Operations
|
|
|
|
|
1.22
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4.67
|
|
|
|
|
|
Dividends from Net Investment Income
|
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.05
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
Distributions from Net Realized Gains
|
|
|
|
|
(2.15
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.16
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
Total Distributions
|
|
|
|
|
(2.15
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.21
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
Change in Net Asset Value
|
|
|
|
|
(0.93
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
4.46
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net Asset Value, End of Period
|
|
|
|
$
|
20.82
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
21.75
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Return
(2)
|
|
|
|
|
5.78
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
26.28
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net Assets, End of Period (in thousands)
|
|
|
|
$
|
275
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
137
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ratio of Net Operating Expenses to Average
Net Assets
(3)
|
|
|
|
|
0.94
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.94
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ratio of Gross Operating Expenses to
Average Net Assets (before waivers and
reimbursements)
(3)
|
|
|
|
|
1.14
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.07
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ratio of Net Investment Income to Average
Net Assets
|
|
|
|
|
(0.34
|
)%
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.23
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
Portfolio Turnover Rate
|
|
|
|
|
20
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
28
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||
|
|
Virtus Variable Insurance Trust (VVIT)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Investment Company Act File No. 811-04642
|
|
|
4-15
|
|
|
|
8505
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The Prospectus describes the Virtus Small-Cap Value Series (the “Series”), which is available as an underlying investment through a variable life insurance policy or a variable annuity contract (a "variable contract”). For information about your variable contract, including information about insurance-related expenses, see the prospectus for your variable contract.
|
|
|
April 30,
2015
|
|
|
|
The Securities and Exchange Commission has not approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this prospectus is truthful
|
|
|
Not FDIC Insured
No Bank Guarantee
May Lose Value
|
|
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|
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|
|
Fund Summary
|
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Investment Objective
|
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|
|
Fees and Expenses
|
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|
|
|
|
|
Principal Investment Strategies
|
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|
|
|
|
|
Principal Risks
|
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|
Performance
|
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|
|
Management
|
|
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|
|
Purchase and Sale of Series Shares
|
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|
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|
|
Tax Information
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Payments to Insurance Companies and Other Financial Intermediaries
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
More About Principal Investment Strategies
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
More About Principal Risks
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Management of the Series
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Risks Associated with Other Investment Strategies and Series Operations
|
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|
|
Distribution Plan
|
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|
More About the Trust and the Series
|
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|
|
Investing in the Series
|
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|
|
Financial Highlights
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Shareholder Fees
(fees paid directly from your investment):
|
|
|
Class A
|
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
Shareholder Fees
|
|
|
None
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Annual Series Operating Expenses
(expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment.)
|
|
|
Class A
|
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
Management Fees
|
|
|
0.90%
|
|
|
|
Distribution and/or Service (12b-1) Fees
|
|
|
0.25%
|
|
|
|
Other Expenses
|
|
|
0.26%
|
|
|
|
Total Annual Series Operating Expenses
|
|
|
1.41%
|
|
|
|
Less: Expense
Reimbursement
(1)
|
|
|
(0.21%)
|
|
|
|
Total
Annual Series Operating Expenses
After Expense Reimbursement
(1)
|
|
|
1.20%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 Year
|
|
|
3 Years
|
|
|
5 Years
|
|
|
10 Years
|
|
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
Class A
|
|
|
$122
|
|
|
$426
|
|
|
$751
|
|
|
$1,673
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Best Quarter:
|
|
|
2Q/2009:
|
|
|
17.68%
|
|
|
Worst Quarter:
|
|
|
4Q/2008:
|
|
|
-29.64%
|
|
|
Year to date
(3/31/15):
|
|
|
2.82%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Average Annual Total Returns
(for the periods ended
12/31/14)
|
|
|
1 Year
|
|
|
5 Years
|
|
|
10 Years
|
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
Class A
|
|
|
1.83%
|
|
|
13.73%
|
|
|
5.78%
|
|
|
|
S&P 500
®
Index (does not reflect fees or expenses)
|
|
|
13.69%
|
|
|
15.45%
|
|
|
7.67%
|
|
|
|
Russell 2000
®
Value Index (does not reflect fees or expenses)
|
|
|
4.22%
|
|
|
14.26%
|
|
|
6.89%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1st $400 million
|
|
|
$400+ million to $1 billion
|
|
|
Over $1 billion
|
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
0.90%
|
|
|
0.85%
|
|
|
0.80%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1/1/13 to
12/31/13
|
|
|
1/1/13 to
12/31/13
|
|
|
1/1/12 to
12/31/12
|
|
|
1/1/11 to
12/31/11
|
|
|
1/1/10 to
12/31/10
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
Net Asset Value, Beginning of Period
|
|
|
|
$
|
17.72
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
12.66
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
11.99
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
12.33
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.55
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net Investment Income (Loss)
(1)
|
|
|
|
|
0.10
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.04
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.29
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.12
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.15
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net Realized and Unrealized Gain (Loss)
|
|
|
|
|
0.24
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
5.11
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.67
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.48
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.69
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total from Investment Operations
|
|
|
|
|
0.34
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
5.15
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.96
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.60
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.84
|
|
|
|
|
|
Dividends from Net Investment Income
|
|
|
|
|
(0.11
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.09
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.29
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.10
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.06
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
Distributions from Net Realized Gains
|
|
|
|
|
(0.92
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.84
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Distributions
|
|
|
|
|
(1.03
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.09
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.29
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.94
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.06
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
Change in Net Asset Value
|
|
|
|
|
(0.69
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
5.06
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.67
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.34
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.78
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net Asset Value, End of Period
|
|
|
|
$
|
17.03
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
17.72
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
12.66
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
11.99
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
12.33
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Return
(2)
|
|
|
|
|
1.83
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
40.77
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
8.13
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4.54
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
17.40
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net Assets, End of Period (in thousands)
|
|
|
|
$
|
113,030
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
135,352
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
118,741
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
129,907
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
151,281
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ratio of Net Operating Expenses to Average Net Assets
(3)
|
|
|
|
|
1.20
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.20
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.29
|
(4)
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.30
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.30
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ratio of Gross Operating Expenses to Average Net Assets
(before waivers and reimbursements)
(3)
|
|
|
|
|
1.41
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.35
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.34
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.36
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.41
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ratio of Net Investment Income to Average Net Assets
|
|
|
|
|
0.61
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.25
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2.29
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.95
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.34
|
|
|
|
|
|
Portfolio Turnover Rate
|
|
|
|
|
26
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
14
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
17
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
22
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
69
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
Virtus Variable Insurance Trust (VVIT)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Investment Company Act File No. 811-04642
|
|
|
4-15
|
|
|
|
8506
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The Prospectus describes the Virtus Stragic Allocation Series (the “Series”), which is available as an underlying investment through a variable life insurance policy or a variable annuity contract (a "variable contract”). For information about your variable contract, including information about insurance-related expenses, see the prospectus for your variable contract.
|
|
|
April 30,
2015
|
|
|
|
The Securities and Exchange Commission has not approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this prospectus is truthful
|
|
|
Not FDIC Insured
No Bank Guarantee
May Lose Value
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fund Summary
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Investment Objective
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fees and Expenses
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Principal Investment Strategies
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Principal Risks
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Performance
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Management
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Purchase and Sale of Series Shares
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Tax Information
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Payments to Insurance Companies and Other Financial Intermediaries
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
More About Principal Investment Strategies
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
More About Principal Risks
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Management of the Series
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Risks Associated with Other Investment Strategies and Series Operations
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Distribution Plan
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
More About the Trust and the Series
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Investing in the Series
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Financial Highlights
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Shareholder Fees
(fees paid directly from your investment):
|
|
|
Class A
|
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
Shareholder Fees
|
|
|
None
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Annual Series Operating Expenses
(expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment.)
|
|
|
Class A
|
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
Management Fees
|
|
|
0.60%
|
|
|
|
Distribution and/or Service (12b-1) Fees
|
|
|
0.25%
|
|
|
|
Other Expenses
|
|
|
0.26%
|
|
|
|
Total Annual Series Operating Expenses
|
|
|
1.11%
|
|
|
|
Less: Expense
Reimbursement
(1)
|
|
|
(0.13%)
|
|
|
|
Total
Annual Series Operating Expenses
After Expense Reimbursement
(1)
|
|
|
0.98%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 Year
|
|
|
3 Years
|
|
|
5 Years
|
|
|
10 Years
|
|
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
Class A
|
|
|
$100
|
|
|
$340
|
|
|
$599
|
|
|
$1,340
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Best Quarter:
|
|
|
2Q/2009:
|
|
|
13.28%
|
|
|
Worst Quarter:
|
|
|
4Q/2008:
|
|
|
-14.29%
|
|
|
Year to date
(3/31/15):
|
|
|
1.19%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Average Annual Total Returns
(for the periods ended
12/31/14)
|
|
|
1 Year
|
|
|
5 Years
|
|
|
10 Years
|
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
Class A
|
|
|
7.51%
|
|
|
10.67%
|
|
|
6.48%
|
|
|
|
S&P 500
®
Index (does not reflect fees or expenses)
|
|
|
13.69%
|
|
|
15.45%
|
|
|
7.67%
|
|
|
|
Barclays U.S. Aggregate Bond Index (does not reflect fees or expenses)
|
|
|
5.97%
|
|
|
4.45%
|
|
|
4.71%
|
|
|
|
Composite: 60% S&P 500
®
Index/40% Barclays U.S. Aggregate Bond Index (does not
reflect fees or expenses)
|
|
|
10.62%
|
|
|
11.18%
|
|
|
6.77%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1
st
$250 million
|
|
|
$250+ million through $500 million
|
|
|
Over $500 million
|
|
|
|
0.60%
|
|
|
0.55%
|
|
|
0.50%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1/1/14 to
12/31/14
|
|
|
1/1/13 to
12/31/13
|
|
|
1/1/12 to
12/31/12
|
|
|
1/1/11 to
12/31/11
|
|
|
1/1/10 to
12/31/10
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
Net Asset Value, Beginning of Period
|
|
|
|
$
|
14.41
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
13.48
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
12.17
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
12.22
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
11.11
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net Investment Income (Loss)
(1)
|
|
|
|
|
0.28
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.27
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.29
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.30
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.30
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net Realized and Unrealized Gain (Loss)
|
|
|
|
|
0.80
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2.13
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.33
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.06
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.14
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total from Investment Operations
|
|
|
|
|
1.08
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2.40
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.62
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.24
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.44
|
|
|
|
|
|
Dividends from Net Investment Income
|
|
|
|
|
(0.32
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.29
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.31
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.29
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.33
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
Distributions from Net Realized Gains
|
|
|
|
|
(0.87
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1.18
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Distributions
|
|
|
|
|
(1.19
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1.47
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.31
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.29
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.33
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
Change in Net Asset Value
|
|
|
|
|
(0.11
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.93
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.31
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.05
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.11
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net Asset Value, End of Period
|
|
|
|
$
|
14.30
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
14.41
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
13.48
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
12.17
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
12.22
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Return
(2)
|
|
|
|
|
7.51
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
17.99
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
13.42
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.91
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
13.20
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net Assets, End of Period (in thousands)
|
|
|
|
$
|
129,473
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
137,453
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
135,046
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
138,124
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
158,322
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ratio of Net Operating Expenses to Average Net Assets
(3)
|
|
|
|
|
0.98
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.98
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.87
|
(4)
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.85
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.85
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ratio of Gross Operating Expenses to Average Net Assets
(before Waivers and Reimbursements)
(3)
|
|
|
|
|
1.11
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.06
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.05
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.07
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.96
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ratio of Net Investment Income to Average Net Assets
|
|
|
|
|
1.89
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.88
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
2.18
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2.39
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2.61
|
|
|
|
|
|
Portfolio Turnover Rate
|
|
|
|
|
47
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
49
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
72
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
43
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
42
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
Virtus Variable Insurance Trust (VVIT)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Investment Company Act File No. 811-04642
|
|
|
4-15
|
|
|
|
8507
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|---|---|---|
|
|
SERIES
|
|
|
|
Virtus Capital Growth Series
|
|
|
|
Virtus Growth & Income Series
|
|
|
|
Virtus International Series
|
|
|
|
Virtus Multi-Sector Fixed Income Series
|
|
|
|
Virtus Premium AlphaSector
®
Series
|
|
|
|
Virtus Small-Cap Growth Series
|
|
|
|
Virtus Small-Cap Value Series
|
|
|
|
Virtus Real Estate Securities Series
|
|
|
|
Virtus Strategic Allocation Series
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Page
|
|
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
Glossary
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
General Information and History
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
More Information About Fund Investment Strategies & Related Risks
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Investment Limitations
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Management of the Trust
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Control Persons and Principal Holders of Securities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Investment Advisory and Other Services
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Distribution Plan
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Portfolio Managers
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Brokerage Allocation and Other Practices
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Purchase, Redemption and Pricing of Shares
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Dividends, Distributions and Taxes
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Performance Information
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Financial Statements
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Appendix A — Description of Ratings
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Appendix B — Control Persons and Principal Shareholders
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||
|
|
1933 Act
|
|
|
The Securities Act of 1933, as amended
|
|
|
|
1940 Act
|
|
|
The Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended
|
|
|
|
AAMI
|
|
|
Aberdeen Asset Management Inc., subadviser to the International Series
|
|
|
|
ACH
|
|
|
Automated Clearing House, a nationwide electronic money transfer system that provides for the inter-bank clearing of credit and debit transactions and for the exchange of information among participating financial institutions
|
|
|
|
ADRs
|
|
|
American Depositary Receipts
|
|
|
|
ADSs
|
|
|
American Depositary Shares
|
|
|
|
Aberdeen
|
|
|
Aberdeen Asset Management PLC, the parent company of AAMI
|
|
|
|
Administrator
|
|
|
The Trust’s administrative agent, Virtus Fund Services, LLC
|
|
|
|
Adviser
|
|
|
The investment adviser to the Series, Virtus Investment Advisers, Inc.
|
|
|
|
BNY Mellon
|
|
|
BNY Mellon Investment Servicing (US) Inc., the subadministrative and accounting agent for the Series as well as the transfer agent for the Series
|
|
|
|
CCO
|
|
|
Chief Compliance Officer
|
|
|
|
CDRs
|
|
|
Continental Depositary Receipts (another name for EDRs)
|
|
|
|
CDSC
|
|
|
Contingent Deferred Sales Charge
|
|
|
|
CEA
|
|
|
Commodity Exchange Act, which is the U.S. law governing trading in commodity futures
|
|
|
|
CFTC
|
|
|
Commodity Futures Trading Commission, which is the U.S. regulator governing trading in commodity futures
|
|
|
|
Capital Growth Series
|
|
|
Virtus Capital Growth Series
|
|
|
|
Class
|
|
|
A class of shares of a Series of the Trust discussed in this SAI
|
|
|
|
Code
|
|
|
The Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, which is the law governing U.S. federal taxes
|
|
|
|
Custodian
|
|
|
The custodian of the Series’ assets, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A.
|
|
|
|
Distributor
|
|
|
The principal underwriter of shares of the Series, VP Distributors, LLC
|
|
|
|
EDRs
|
|
|
European Depositary Receipts (another name for CDRs)
|
|
|
|
ETFs
|
|
|
Exchange-traded Funds
|
|
|
|
Duff & Phelps
|
|
|
Duff & Phelps Investment Management Co., subadviser to the Real Estate Securities Series
|
|
|
|
Euclid
|
|
|
Euclid Advisors LLC, subadviser to the Growth & Income Series, Premium AlphaSector
®
Series and Strategic Allocation Series (equity portion)
|
|
|
|
FHFA
|
|
|
Federal Housing Finance Agency, an independent Federal agency that regulates FNMA,
FHLMC
and the twelve Federal Home Loan Banks
|
|
|
|
FHLMC
|
|
|
Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation, also known as “Freddie Mac”, which is a government-sponsored corporation formerly owned by the twelve Federal Home Loan Banks and now owned entirely by private stockholders
|
|
|
|
FINRA
|
|
|
Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, a self-regulatory organization with authority over registered broker-dealers operating in the United States, including VP Distributors
|
|
|
|
FNMA
|
|
|
Federal National Mortgage Association, also known as “Fannie Mae”, which is a government-sponsored corporation owned entirely by private stockholders and subject to general regulation by the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development
|
|
|
|
F-Squared
|
|
|
F-Squared Institutional Advisors, LLC, subadviser to the Premium AlphaSector
®
Series
|
|
|
|
Fund Complex
|
|
|
The group of funds sponsored by Virtus and managed by VIA, including the Series, the Virtus Mutual Funds and certain other closed-end funds
|
|
|
|
GDRs
|
|
|
Global Depositary Receipts
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
GNMA
|
|
|
Government National Mortgage Association, also known as “Ginnie Mae”, is a wholly-owned United States Government corporation within the Department of Housing and Urban Development
|
|
|
|
Growth & Income Series
|
|
|
Virtus Growth & Income Series
|
|
|
|
IMF
|
|
|
International Monetary Fund, an international organization seeking to promote international economic cooperation, international trade, employment and exchange rate stability, among other things
|
|
|
|
GICs
|
|
|
Guaranteed Investment Contracts
|
|
|
|
IRA
|
|
|
Individual Retirement Account
|
|
|
|
IRS
|
|
|
The United States Internal Revenue Service, which is the arm of the U.S. government that administers and enforces the Code
|
|
|
|
Independent Trustees
|
|
|
Trustees who are not “interested persons” of the Trust, as that term is defined in the 1940 Act.
|
|
|
|
International Series
|
|
|
Virtus International Series
|
|
|
|
JPMorgan
|
|
|
JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A.
|
|
|
|
Kayne
|
|
|
Kayne Anderson Rudnick Investment Management LLC, subadviser to the Capital Growth Series, Small-Cap Growth Series and the Small-Cap Value Series
|
|
|
|
LIBOR
|
|
|
London Interbank Offering Rate, an interest rate at which banks can borrow funds, in marketable size, from other banks in the London interbank market
|
|
|
|
Multi-Sector Fixed Income Series
|
|
|
Virtus Multi-Sector Fixed Income Series
|
|
|
|
Moody’s
|
|
|
Moody’s Investors Service, Inc.
|
|
|
|
NAV
|
|
|
Net Asset Value, which is the per-share price of a Series
|
|
|
|
Newfleet
|
|
|
Newfleet Asset Management, LLC, subadviser to the Multi-Sector Fixed Income Series and Strategic Allocation Series (fixed income portion)
|
|
|
|
NYSE
|
|
|
New York Stock Exchange
|
|
|
|
OCC
|
|
|
Options Clearing Corporation, the world’s largest equity derivatives clearing corporation
|
|
|
|
OECD
|
|
|
Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, an international organization seeking to promote economic progress and world trade
|
|
|
|
PERLS
|
|
|
Principal Exchange Rate Linked Securities
|
|
|
|
Premium AlphaSector
®
Series
|
|
|
Virtus Premium AlphaSector
®
Series
|
|
|
|
Prospectuses
|
|
|
The prospectuses for the Series, as amended from time to time
|
|
|
|
Real Estate Securities Series
|
|
|
Virtus Real Estate Securities Series
|
|
|
|
Regulations
|
|
|
The Treasury Regulations promulgated under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended
|
|
|
|
RIC
|
|
|
Regulated Investment Company, a designation under the Code indicating a U.S.-registered investment company meeting the specifications under the Code allowing the investment company to be exempt from paying U.S. federal income taxes
|
|
|
|
S&P
|
|
|
Standard & Poor’s Corporation
|
|
|
|
S&P 500
®
Index
|
|
|
The Standard & Poor’s 500
®
Index, which is a free-float market
capitalization-weighted index of 500 of the largest U.S. companies, calculated on a total return basis with dividends reinvested
|
|
|
|
SAI
|
|
|
This Statement of Additional Information
|
|
|
|
SIFMA
|
|
|
Securities Industry and Financial Markets Association (formerly, the Bond Market Association), a financial industry trade group consisting of broker-dealers and asset managers across the United States
|
|
|
|
SMBS
|
|
|
Stripped Mortgage-backed Securities
|
|
|
|
Series
|
|
|
The series of the Trust discussed in this SAI
|
|
|
|
Small-Cap Growth Series
|
|
|
Virtus Small-Cap Growth Series
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Small-Cap Value Series
|
|
|
Virtus Small-Cap Value Series
|
|
|
|
Strategic Allocation Series
|
|
|
Virtus Strategic Allocation Series
|
|
|
|
Transfer Agent
|
|
|
The Trust’s transfer agent, BNY Mellon Investment Servicing (U.S.) Inc.
|
|
|
|
Trust
|
|
|
Virtus Variable Insurance Trust
|
|
|
|
VIA
|
|
|
Virtus Investment Advisers, Inc.
|
|
|
|
Virtus
|
|
|
Virtus Investment Partners, Inc., which is the parent company of the Adviser, the Distributor, the Administrator, Duff & Phelps, Euclid, Kayne and Newfleet.
|
|
|
|
Virtus Fund Services
|
|
|
Virtus Fund Services, LLC
|
|
|
|
Virtus Mutual Funds
|
|
|
The family of funds consisting of the series of Virtus Equity Trust, the series of Virtus Insight Trust and the series of Virtus Opportunities Trust, all of which are advised by VIA and distributed by VP Distributors
|
|
|
|
VP Distributors
|
|
|
VP Distributors, LLC
|
|
|
|
World Bank
|
|
|
International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, an international financial institution that provides loans to developing countries for capital programs
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Series
|
|
|
Investment Objective(s)
|
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
Capital Growth Series
|
|
|
To provide long-term growth of capital.
|
|
|
|
Growth & Income Series
|
|
|
To provide capital appreciation and current income.
|
|
|
|
International Series
|
|
|
To provide high total return consistent with reasonable risk.
|
|
|
|
Multi-Sector Fixed Income Series
|
|
|
To provide long-term total return.
|
|
|
|
Premium AlphaSector
®
Series
|
|
|
To provide long-term capital appreciation.
|
|
|
|
Real Estate Securities Series
|
|
|
To provide capital appreciation and income with approximately equal emphasis.
|
|
|
|
Small-Cap Growth Series
|
|
|
To provide long-term capital growth.
|
|
|
|
Small-Cap Value Series
|
|
|
To provide long-term capital appreciation.
|
|
|
|
Strategic Allocation Series
|
|
|
To provide high total return over an extended period of time consistent with prudent investment risk.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Type of Service Provider
|
|
|
Name of Service Provider
|
|
|
Timing of Release of Portfolio Holdings Information
|
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
Adviser
|
|
|
Virtus Investment Advisers, Inc.
|
|
|
Daily with no delay
|
|
|
|
Subadvisers
|
|
|
Aberdeen Asset Management Inc.
|
|
|
Daily with no delay
|
|
|
|
|
|
Duff & Phelps Investment Management Co.
|
|
|
Daily with no delay
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Euclid Advisors, LLC
|
|
|
Daily with no delay
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
F-Squared Institutional Advisors, LLC
|
|
|
Daily with no delay
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Kayne Anderson Rudnick Investment Management LLC
|
|
|
Daily with no delay
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Newfleet Asset Management, LLC
|
|
|
Daily with no delay
|
|
|
|
|
Administrator
|
|
|
Virtus Fund Services, LLC
|
|
|
Daily, with no delay
|
|
|
|
Distributor
|
|
|
VP Distributors, LLC
|
|
|
Daily, with no delay
|
|
|
|
Custodian
|
|
|
JPMorgan
|
|
|
Daily, with no delay
|
|
|
|
Reconciliation Services for Subadvisers (Kayne Anderson Rudnick) (Virtus Capital Growth, Virtus Small-Cap Growth, Virtus Small-Cap Value)
|
|
|
Fiserve, Inc.
|
|
|
Daily, with no delay
|
|
|
|
Sub-financial Agent
|
|
|
BNY Mellon
|
|
|
Daily, with no delay
|
|
|
|
Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
|
|
|
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
|
|
|
Annual Reporting Period, within 5 business days of the end of reporting period
|
|
|
|
Performance Analytics Firm
|
|
|
FactSet Research Systems, Inc.
|
|
|
Daily, with no delay
|
|
|
|
Typesetting and Printing Firm for Financial Reports
|
|
|
RR Donnelley Financial
|
|
|
Quarterly, within 15 days of end of reporting period
|
|
|
|
Proxy Voting Service
|
|
|
ISS
|
|
|
Daily, weekly, monthly, quarterly depending on subadviser
|
|
|
|
Class Action Provider
|
|
|
Battea-Class Action Services, LLC
|
|
|
Daily, with no delay
|
|
|
|
Back-end Compliance Monitoring System
|
|
|
Financial Tracking Technologies, LLC
|
|
|
Daily, with no delay
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Type of Service Provider
|
|
|
Name of Service Provider
|
|
|
Timing of Release of Portfolio Holdings Information
|
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
Rating Agencies
|
|
|
Lipper Inc. and Morningstar
|
|
|
Various frequencies depending on the series, which includes, but is not limited to: Monthly with 30-day delay or fiscal quarter with a 15-,30-, or
60-day delay.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Type of Service Provider
|
|
|
Name of Service Provider
|
|
|
Timing of Release of Portfolio Holdings Information
|
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
Portfolio Redistribution Firms
|
|
|
Bloomberg, Standard & Poor’s and Thompson Reuters
|
|
|
Various frequencies depending on the series, which includes, but is not limited to: Monthly with 30-day delay or fiscal quarter with a 15-,30-, or
60-day delay.
|
|
|
|
Virtus Public Web site
|
|
|
Virtus Investment Partners, Inc.
|
|
|
Various frequencies depending on the fund, which includes, but is not limited to: Monthly with 30-day delay or fiscal quarter with a 15-,30-, or 60-day delay.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Investment Technique
|
|
|
Description and Risks
|
|
|
Fund-Specific Limitations
|
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
Debt Investing
|
|
|
Each Series may invest in debt, or fixed income, securities. Debt, or fixed income, securities (which include corporate bonds, commercial paper, debentures, notes, government securities, municipal obligations, state- or state agency-issued obligations, obligations of foreign issuers, asset-or mortgage-backed securities, and other obligations) are used by issuers to borrow money and thus are debt obligations of the issuer. Holders of debt securities are creditors of the issuer, normally ranking ahead of holders of both common and preferred stock as to dividends or upon liquidation. The issuer usually pays a fixed, variable, or floating rate of interest and must repay the amount borrowed at the security’s maturity. Some debt securities, such as
zero-coupon
securities (discussed below), do not pay interest
but
may be typically
sold at a deep discount from their face value.
Yields on debt securities depend on a variety of factors, including the general conditions of the money, bond, and note markets, the size of a particular offering, the maturity date of the obligation, and the rating of the issue. Debt securities with longer maturities tend to produce higher yields and are generally subject to greater price fluctuations in response to changes in market conditions than obligations with shorter maturities. An increase in interest rates generally will reduce the market value of portfolio debt securities, while a decline in interest rates generally will increase the value of the same securities. The achievement of a Series’ investment objective depends in part on the continuing ability of the issuers of the debt securities in which the Series invests to meet their obligations for the payment of principal and interest when due. Obligations of issuers of debt securities are subject to the provisions of bankruptcy, insolvency, sovereign immunity, and other laws that affect the rights and remedies of creditors. There is also the possibility that, as a result of litigation or other conditions, the ability of an issuer to pay, when due, the principal of and interest on its debt securities may be materially affected.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Convertible Securities
|
|
|
A convertible security is a bond, debenture, note, or other security that entitles the holder to acquire common stock or other equity securities of the same or a different issuer within a particular period of time at a specific price or formula. It generally entitles the holder to receive interest paid or accrued until the security matures or is redeemed, converted, or exchanged. Convertible securities
may
have several
unique investment characteristics such as (1) higher yields than common stocks, but lower yields than comparable nonconvertible securities, (2) a lesser degree of fluctuation in value then the underlying stock since they have fixed income characteristics and (3) the potential for capital appreciation if the market price of the underlying common stock increases.
Before conversion, convertible securities have characteristics similar to nonconvertible debt securities. Convertible securities
often
rank
senior to common stock in a corporation’s capital structure and,
|
|
|
A Series’ investments in convertible securities that are rated below investment grade will be limited to 5% of the Series’ total assets.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Investment Technique
|
|
|
Description and Risks
|
|
|
Fund-Specific Limitations
|
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
|
|
therefore,
are often viewed as entailing
less risk than the corporation’s
common stock, although the extent to which this is true depends in large measure on the degree to which the convertible security sells above its value as a fixed income security. However, because convertible securities are
often
viewed by the issuer as future
common stock, they are
often
subordinated to other senior securities
and therefore are rated one category lower than the issuer’s non-convertible debt obligations or preferred stock.
A convertible security may be subject to redemption or conversion at the option of the issuer at a predetermined price. If a convertible security held by the Series is called for redemption, the Series could be required to permit the issuer to redeem the security and convert it to the underlying common stock. The Series generally would invest in convertible securities for their favorable price characteristics and total return potential, and would normally not exercise an option to convert. The Series might be more willing to convert such securities to common stock.
A Series’ subadviser will select only those convertible securities for which it believes (a) the underlying common stock is a suitable investment for the Series and (b) a greater potential for total return exists by purchasing the convertible security because of its higher yield and/or favorable market valuation. However, the Series may invest in convertible debt securities rated less than investment grade. Debt securities rated less than investment grade are commonly referred to as “junk bonds.” (For information about debt securities rated less than investment grade, see
“High Yield-High Risk
(Junk
Bonds) Securities” under “Debt Investing” in this section of the SAI; for additional information about ratings on debt obligations, see Appendix A to this SAI.)
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Corporate Debt Securities
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Each Series may invest in debt securities issued by corporations, limited partnerships and other similar entities. A Series’ investments in debt securities of domestic or foreign corporate issuers include bonds, debentures, notes and other similar corporate debt instruments, including convertible securities that meet the Series’ minimum ratings criteria or if unrated are, in the Series’ subadviser’s opinion, comparable in quality to corporate debt securities that meet those criteria. The rate of return or return of principal on some debt obligations may be linked or indexed to the level of exchange rates between the U.S. dollar and a foreign currency or currencies or to the value of commodities, such as gold.
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Dollar-denominated Foreign Debt Securities (“Yankee Bonds”)
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Each Series may invest in “Yankee bonds”, which are dollar-denominated instruments issued in the U.S. market by foreign branches of U.S. banks and U.S. branches of foreign banks. Since these instruments are dollar-denominated, they are not affected by variations in currency exchange rates. They are influenced primarily by interest rate levels in the United States and by the financial condition of the issuer, or of the issuer’s foreign parent. However, investing in these instruments may present a greater degree of risk than investing in domestic securities, due to less publicly available information, less securities regulation, war or expropriation. Special considerations may include higher brokerage costs and thinner trading markets. Investments in foreign countries could be affected by other factors including extended settlement periods. (See “Foreign Investing” in this section of the SAI for additional information about investing in foreign countries.)
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Investment Technique
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Description and Risks
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Fund-Specific Limitations
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Duration
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Duration is a time measure of a bond’s interest-rate sensitivity, based on the weighted average of the time periods over which a bond’s cash flows accrue to the bondholder. Time periods are weighted by multiplying by the present value of its cash flow divided by the bond’s price. (A bond’s cash flows consist of coupon payments and repayment of capital.) A bond’s duration will almost always be shorter than its maturity, with the exception of
zero-coupon
bonds, for which
maturity and duration are equal.
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High-Yield, High-
Risk
Fixed Income
Securities
("Junk
Bonds")
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Investments in securities rated “BB” or below by S&P or
Fitch, or
“Ba”
or below by Moody’s generally provide greater income (leading to the name “high-yield” securities) and opportunity for capital appreciation than investments in higher quality securities, but they also typically entail greater price volatility, liquidity, and principal and income risk. These securities are regarded as predominantly speculative as to the issuer’s continuing ability to meet principal and interest payment obligations. Analysis of the creditworthiness of issuers of lower-quality debt securities may be more complex than for issuers of higher-quality debt securities.
Interest-bearing securities typically experience appreciation when interest rates decline and depreciation when interest rates rise. The market values of low-rated securities tend to reflect individual corporate developments to a greater extent than do higher-rated securities, which react primarily to fluctuations in the general level of interest rates. Low-rated securities also tend to be more sensitive to economic conditions than higher-rated securities. As a result, they generally involve more credit risks than securities in the higher-rated categories. During an economic downturn or a sustained period of rising interest rates, highly leveraged issuers of low-rated securities may experience financial stress and may not have sufficient revenues to meet their payment obligations. The issuer’s ability to service its debt obligations may also be adversely affected by specific corporate developments, the issuer’s inability to meet specific projected business forecasts or the unavailability of additional financing. The risk of loss due to default by an issuer of low-rated securities is generally considered to be
significantly greater than issuers of higher-
rated securities because such securities are
usually
unsecured and
are often subordinated to other creditors. Further, if the issuer of a low-rated security defaulted, the applicable Series might incur additional expenses in seeking recovery. Periods of economic uncertainty and changes would also generally result in increased volatility in the market prices of low-rated securities and thus in the applicable Series’ NAV.
Low-rated securities
often
contain redemption, call or prepayment
provisions which permit the issuer of the securities containing such provisions to, at its discretion, redeem the securities. During periods of falling interest rates, issuers of low-rated securities are likely to redeem or prepay the securities and refinance them with debt securities with a lower interest rate. To the extent an issuer is able to refinance the securities or otherwise redeem them, the applicable Series may have to replace the securities with a lower yielding security which would result in lower returns for the Series.
A Series may have difficulty disposing of certain low-rated securities because there may be a thin trading market for such securities. Because not all dealers maintain markets in all low-rated securities, there is no established retail secondary market for many of these
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The Multi-Sector Fixed Income Series will limit its investments in below-investment grade securities to no more than 50% of its net assets; the Strategic Allocation Series will limit such investments to no more than 10% of its net assets.
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Investment Technique
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Description and Risks
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Fund-Specific Limitations
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securities. The Series anticipate that such securities could be sold only to a limited number of dealers or institutional investors. To the extent a secondary trading market does exist, it is generally not as liquid as the secondary market for higher-rated securities. The lack of a liquid secondary market may have an adverse impact on the market price of the security, and accordingly, the NAV of a particular Series and its ability to dispose of particular securities when necessary to meet its liquidity needs, or in response to a specific economic event, or an event such as a deterioration in the creditworthiness of the issuer. The lack of a liquid secondary market for certain securities may also make it more difficult for the Series to obtain accurate market quotations for purposes of valuing its respective portfolio. Market quotations are generally available on many low-rated issues only from a limited number of dealers and may not necessarily represent firm bids of such dealers or prices for actual sales. During periods of thin trading, the spread between bid and asked prices is likely to increase significantly. In addition, adverse publicity and investor perceptions, whether or not based on fundamental analysis, may decrease the values and liquidity of low-rated securities, especially in a thinly-traded market. If a Series experiences unexpected net redemptions, it may be forced to liquidate a portion of its portfolio securities without regard to their investment merits. Due to the limited liquidity of low-rated securities, the Series may be forced to liquidate these securities at a substantial discount. Any such liquidation would reduce the Series’ asset base over which expenses could be allocated and could result in a reduced rate of return for the Series.
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Interest Rate Environment Risk
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In the wake of the financial crisis that began in 2007, the Federal Reserve System attempted to stabilize the U.S. economy and support the U.S. economic recovery by keeping the federal funds rate at or near zero percent. In addition, the Federal Reserve has purchased large quantities of securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government, its agencies or instrumentalities on the open market (the “quantitative easing program”). As a result, the United States is experiencing historically low interest rate levels. A low interest rate environment may have an adverse impact on each Series' ability to provide a positive yield to its shareholders and pay expenses out of Series assets because of the low yields from the Series' portfolio investments. However, continued economic recovery and the cessation of the quantitative easing program increase the risk that interest rates will rise in the near future and that the Series will face a heightened level of interest rate risk. Federal Reserve policy changes may expose fixed-income and related markets to heightened volatility and may reduce liquidity for certain Series investments, which could cause the value of a Series' investments and a Series' share price to decline or create difficulties for the Series in disposing of investments. A Series that invests in derivatives tied to fixed-income markets may be more substantially exposed to these risks than a Series that does not invest in derivatives. A Series could also be forced to liquidate its investments at disadvantageous times or prices, thereby adversely affecting the Series. To the extent a Series experiences high redemptions because of these policy changes, the Series may experience increased portfolio turnover, which will increase the costs that the Series incurs and lower the Series' performance.
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Investment Technique
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Description and Risks
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Fund-Specific Limitations
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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Inverse Floating Rate Obligations
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Certain variable rate securities pay interest at a rate that varies inversely to prevailing short-term interest rates (sometimes referred to as inverse floaters). For example, upon reset the interest rate payable on a security may go down when the underlying index has risen. During periods when short-term interest rates are relatively low as compared to long-term interest rates, the Series may attempt to enhance its yield by purchasing inverse floaters. Certain inverse floaters may have an interest rate reset mechanism that multiplies the effects of changes in the underlying index. While this form of leverage may increase the security’s yield, it may also increase the volatility of the security’s market value.
Similar to other variable and floating rate obligations, effective use of inverse floaters requires skills different from those needed to select most portfolio securities. If movements in interest rates are incorrectly anticipated, a Series holding these instruments could lose money and its NAV could decline.
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Letters of Credit
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Debt obligations, including municipal obligations, certificates of participation, commercial paper and other short-term obligations, may be backed by an irrevocable letter of credit of a bank that assumes the obligation for payment of principal and interest in the event of default by the issuer. Only banks that, in the opinion of the relevant Series’ subadviser, are of investment quality comparable to other permitted investments of the Series may be used for Letter of Credit-backed investments.
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Loan and Debt Participations and Assignments
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A loan participation agreement involves the purchase of a share of a loan made by a bank to a company in return for a corresponding share of the borrower’s principal and interest payments. Loan participations of the type in which the Series may invest include interests in both secured and unsecured corporate loans. When a Series purchases loan assignments from lenders, it will acquire direct rights against the borrower, but these rights and the Series’ obligations may differ from, and be more limited than, those held by the assignment lender. The principal credit risk associated with acquiring loan participation and assignment interests is the credit risk associated with the underlying corporate borrower. There is also a risk that there may not be a readily available market for participation loan interests and, in some cases, this could result in the Series disposing of such securities at a substantial discount from face value or holding such securities until maturity.
In the event that a corporate borrower failed to pay its scheduled interest or principal payments on participations held by the Series, the market value of the affected participation would decline, resulting in a loss of value of such investment to the Series. Accordingly, such participations are speculative and may result in the income level and net assets of the Series being reduced. Moreover, loan participation agreements generally limit the right of a participant to resell its interest in the loan to a third party and, as a result, loan participations may be deemed by the Series to be illiquid investments. A Series will invest only in participations with respect to borrowers whose creditworthiness is, or is determined by the Series’ subadviser to be, substantially equivalent to that of issuers whose senior unsubordinated debt securities are rated B or higher by Moody’s or S&P. For the purposes of diversification and/or concentration calculations, both the borrower and issuer will be considered an
“issuer.”
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Investment Technique
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Description and Risks
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Fund-Specific Limitations
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The Series may purchase from banks participation interests in all or part of specific holdings of debt obligations. Each participation interest is backed by an irrevocable letter of credit or guarantee of the selling bank that the relevant Series’ subadviser has determined meets the prescribed quality standards of the Series. Thus, even if the credit of the issuer of the debt obligation does not meet the quality standards of the Series, the credit of the selling bank will.
Loan participations and assignments may be illiquid and therefore subject to the Series’ limitations on investments in illiquid securities. (See “Illiquid and Restricted Securities” in this section of the SAI.)
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Municipal Securities and Related Investments
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Tax-exempt municipal securities are debt obligations issued by the various states and their subdivisions
(e.g.,
cities, counties, towns, and
school districts) to raise funds, generally for various public improvements requiring long-term capital investment. Purposes for which tax-exempt bonds are issued include flood control, airports, bridges and highways, housing, medical facilities, schools, mass transportation and power, water or sewage plants, as well as others. Tax-exempt bonds also are occasionally issued to retire outstanding obligations, to obtain funds for operating expenses or to loan to other public or, in some cases, private sector organizations or to individuals.
Yields on municipal securities are dependent on a variety of factors, including the general conditions of the money market and the municipal bond market, the size of a particular offering, the maturity of the obligations and the rating of the issue. Municipal securities with longer maturities tend to produce higher yields and are generally subject to potentially greater capital appreciation and depreciation than obligations with shorter maturities and lower yields. The market prices of municipal securities usually vary, depending upon available yields. An increase in interest rates will generally reduce the value of portfolio investments, and a decline in interest rates will generally increase the value of portfolio investments. The ability of the Series to achieve its investment objective is also dependent on the continuing ability of the issuers of municipal securities in which the Series invests to meet their obligations for the payment of interest and principal when due. The ratings of Moody’s and S&P’s represent their opinions as to the quality of municipal securities which they undertake to rate. Ratings are not absolute standards of quality; consequently, municipal securities with the same maturity, coupon, and rating may have different yields. There are variations in municipal securities, both within a particular classification and between classifications, depending on numerous factors. It should also be pointed out that, unlike other types of investments, municipal securities have traditionally not been subject to regulation by, or registration with, the SEC, although there have been proposals which would provide for such regulation in the future.
The federal bankruptcy statutes relating to the debts of political subdivisions and authorities of states of the United States provide that, in certain circumstances, such subdivisions or authorities may be authorized to initiate bankruptcy proceedings without prior notice to or consent of creditors, which proceedings could result in material and adverse changes in the rights of holders of their obligations.
Lawsuits challenging the validity under state constitutions of present systems of financing public education have been initiated or adjusted in a number of states, and legislation has been introduced to effect
changes in public school financing in some states. In other instances
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Investment Technique
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Description and Risks
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Fund-Specific Limitations
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there have been lawsuits challenging the issuance of pollution control revenue bonds or the validity of their issuance under state or federal law which could ultimately affect the validity of those municipal securities or the tax-free nature of the interest thereon.
Descriptions of some of the municipal securities and related investment types most commonly acquired by the Series are provided below. In addition to those shown, other types of municipal investments are, or may become, available for investment by the Series. For the purpose of each Series’ investment restrictions set forth in this SAI, the identification of the “issuer” of a municipal security which is not a general obligation bond is made by the applicable Series’ subadviser on the basis of the characteristics of the obligation, the most significant of which is the source of funds for the payment of principal and interest on such security.
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Municipal Bonds
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Municipal bonds, which meet longer-term capital needs and generally have maturities of more than one year when issued, have two principal classifications: general obligation bonds and revenue bonds. Another type of municipal bond is referred to as an industrial development bond.
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General Obligation
Bonds
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Issuers of general obligation bonds include states, counties, cities, towns, and regional districts. The proceeds of these obligations are used to fund a wide range of public projects, including construction or improvement of schools, highways and roads, and water and sewer systems. The basic security behind general obligation bonds is the issuer’s pledge of its full faith and credit and taxing power for the payment of principal and interest. The taxes that can be levied for the payment of debt service may be limited or unlimited as to the rate or amount of special assessments.
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Industrial
Development Bonds
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Industrial development bonds, which are considered municipal bonds if the interest paid is exempt from
Federal
income tax, are issued by or
on behalf of public authorities to raise money to finance various privately operated facilities for business and manufacturing, housing, sports arenas and pollution control. These bonds are also used to finance public facilities such as airports, mass transit systems, ports and parking. The payment of the principal and interest on such bonds is dependent solely on the ability of the facility’s user to meet its financial obligations and the pledge, if any, of real and personal property so financed as security for such payment.
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Revenue Bonds
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The principal security for a revenue bond is generally the net revenues derived from a particular facility, group of facilities, or, in some cases, the proceeds of a special excise or other specific revenue source. Revenue bonds are issued to finance a wide variety of capital projects including: electric, gas, water and sewer systems; highways, bridges, and tunnels; port and airport facilities; colleges and universities; and hospitals. Although the principal security behind these bonds may vary, many provide additional security in the form of a debt service reserve fund whose money may be used to make principal and interest payments on the issuer’s obligations. Housing finance authorities have a wide range of security; including partially or fully insured mortgages, rent subsidized and/or collateralized mortgages, and/or the net revenues from housing or other public projects. Some authorities provide further security in the form of a state’s ability (without obligation) to make up deficiencies in the debt service reserve fund.
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Investment Technique
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Description and Risks
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Fund-Specific Limitations
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Municipal Leases
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Each
Series may acquire participations in lease obligations or
installment purchase contract obligations (hereinafter collectively called “lease obligations”) of municipal authorities or entities. Although lease obligations do not constitute general obligations of the municipality for which the municipality’s taxing power is pledged, a lease obligation may be backed by the municipality’s covenant to budget for, appropriate, and make the payments due under the lease obligation. However, certain lease obligations contain “non-appropriation” clauses which provide that the municipality has no obligation to make lease or installment purchase payments in future years unless money is appropriated for such purpose on a yearly basis. In addition to the “non-appropriation” risk, these securities represent a relatively new type of financing that has not yet developed the depth of marketability associated with more conventional bonds. In the case of a “non-appropriation” lease, the Series’ ability to recover under the lease in the event of non-appropriation or default will be limited solely to the repossession of the leased property in the event foreclosure might prove difficult. The Series’ subadviser will evaluate the credit quality of a municipal lease and whether it will be considered liquid. (See “Illiquid and Restricted Investments” in this section of the SAI for information regarding the implications of these investments being considered illiquid.)
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Municipal Notes
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Municipal notes generally are used to provide for short-term working capital needs and generally have maturities of one year or less. Municipal notes include bond anticipation notes, construction loan notes, revenue anticipation notes and tax anticipation notes.
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Bond Anticipation
Notes
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Bond anticipation notes are issued to provide interim financing until long-term financing can be arranged. In most cases, the long-term bonds then provide the money for the repayment of the notes.
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Construction Loan
Notes
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Construction loan notes are sold to provide construction financing. After successful completion and acceptance, many projects receive permanent financing through FNMA or GNMA.
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Revenue Anticipation
Notes
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Revenue anticipation notes are issued in expectation of receipt of other types of revenue, such as
Federal
revenues available under
Federal
revenue sharing programs.
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Tax Anticipation Notes
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Tax anticipation notes are issued to finance working capital needs of municipalities. Generally, they are issued in anticipation of various seasonal tax revenue, such as income, sales, use and business taxes, and are payable from these specific future taxes.
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Tax-Exempt Commercial Paper
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Tax-exempt commercial paper is a short-term obligation with a stated maturity of 365 days or less. It is issued by state and local governments or their agencies to finance seasonal working capital needs or as short-term financing in anticipation of longer-term financing.
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Participation on Creditors’ Committees
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While the Series do not invest in securities to exercise control over the securities’ issuers, each Series may from time to time participate on committees formed by creditors to negotiate with the management of financially troubled issuers of securities held by the Series. Such participation may subject the relevant Series to expenses such as legal fees and may make the Series an “insider” of the issuer for purposes of the
Federal
securities laws, and therefore may restrict the
Series’ ability to purchase or sell a particular security when it might
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Investment Technique
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Description and Risks
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Fund-Specific Limitations
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otherwise desire to do so. Participation by a Series on such committees also may expose the Series to potential liabilities under the federal bankruptcy laws or other laws governing the rights of creditors and debtors. A Series will participate on such committees only when the Series’ subadviser believes that such participation is necessary or desirable to enforce the Series’ rights as a creditor or to protect the value of securities held by the Series.
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Payable in Kind (“PIK”) Bonds
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PIK bonds are obligations which provide that the issuer thereof may, at its option, pay interest on such bonds in cash or “in kind”, which means in the form of additional debt securities. Such securities benefit the issuer by mitigating its need for cash to meet debt service, but also require a higher rate of return to attract investors who are willing to defer receipt of such cash. The Series will accrue income on such investments for tax and accounting purposes, which is distributable to shareholders and which, because no cash is received at the time of accrual, may require the liquidation of other portfolio securities to satisfy the Series’ distribution obligations. The market prices of PIK bonds generally are more volatile than the market prices of securities that pay interest periodically, and they are likely to respond to changes in interest rates to a greater degree than would otherwise similar bonds on which regular cash payments of interest are being made.
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Ratings
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The rating or quality of a debt security refers to
a rating agency's
assessment of
the issuer’s creditworthiness,
i.e.,
its ability to pay
principal and interest when due. Higher ratings indicate better credit quality, as rated by independent rating organizations such as Moody’s, S&P or Fitch, which publish their ratings on a regular basis. Appendix A provides a description of the various ratings provided for bonds (including convertible bonds), municipal bonds, and commercial paper.
After a Series purchases a debt security, the rating of that security may be reduced below the minimum rating acceptable for purchase by the Series. A subsequent downgrade does not require the sale of the security, but the Series’ subadviser will consider such an event in determining whether to continue to hold the obligation. To the extent that ratings established by Moody’s or S&P may change as a result of changes in such organizations or their rating systems, a Series will invest in securities which are deemed by the Series’ subadviser to be of comparable quality to securities whose current ratings render them eligible for purchase by the Series.
Credit ratings issued by credit rating agencies evaluate the safety of principal and interest payments of rated securities. They do not, however, evaluate the market-value risk
and therefore may not fully
reflect the true risks of an investment. In addition, credit rating agencies may or may not make timely changes in a rating to reflect changes in the economy or in the condition of the issuer that affect the market value of the security. Consequently, credit ratings are used only as a preliminary indicator of investment quality.
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Sovereign Debt
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Each Series may invest in “sovereign debt,” which is issued or guaranteed by foreign governments (including countries, provinces and municipalities) or their agencies and instrumentalities. Sovereign debt may trade at a substantial discount from face value. The Series may hold and trade sovereign debt of foreign countries in appropriate circumstances to participate in debt conversion programs. Emerging-market country sovereign debt involves a
higher
degree of
risk than
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Investment Technique
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Description and Risks
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Fund-Specific Limitations
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developed markets,
is generally lower-quality debt, and is considered
speculative in nature due, in part, to the extreme and volatile nature of debt burdens in such countries and because emerging market governments can be relatively unstable. The issuer or governmental authorities that control sovereign-debt repayment (“sovereign debtors”) may be unable or unwilling to repay principal or interest when due in accordance with the terms of the debt. A sovereign debtor’s willingness or ability to repay principal and interest due in a timely manner may be affected by, among other factors, its cash-flow situation, the extent of its foreign reserves, the availability of sufficient foreign exchange on the date a payment is due, the relative size of the debt service burden to the economy as a whole, the sovereign debtor’s policy towards the IMF, and the political constraints to which the sovereign debtor may be subject. Sovereign debtors may also be dependent on expected disbursements from foreign governments, multilateral agencies and others abroad to reduce principal and interest arrearage on their debt. The commitment of these third parties to make such disbursements may be conditioned on the sovereign debtor’s implementation of economic reforms or economic performance and the timely service of the debtor’s obligations. The sovereign debtor’s failure to meet these conditions may cause these third parties to cancel their commitments to provide funds to the sovereign debtor, which may further impair the debtor’s ability or willingness to timely service its debts. In certain instances, the Series may invest in sovereign debt that is in default as to payments of principal or interest. In the event that the Series hold non-performing sovereign debt, the Series may incur additional expenses in connection with any restructuring of the issuer’s obligations or in otherwise enforcing their rights thereunder.
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Brady Bonds
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Each Series may invest a portion of its assets in certain sovereign debt obligations known as “Brady Bonds.” Brady Bonds are issued under the framework of the Brady Plan, an initiative announced by former U.S. Treasury Secretary Nicholas F. Brady in 1989 as a mechanism for debtor nations to restructure their outstanding external indebtedness. The Brady Plan contemplates, among other things, the debtor nation’s adoption of certain economic reforms and the exchange of commercial bank debt for newly issued bonds. In restructuring its external debt under the Brady Plan framework, a debtor nation negotiates with its existing bank lenders as well as the World Bank or the IMF. The World Bank or IMF supports the restructuring by providing funds pursuant to loan agreements or other arrangements that enable the debtor nation to collateralize the new Brady Bonds or to replenish reserves used to reduce outstanding bank debt. Under these loan agreements or other arrangements with the World Bank or IMF, debtor nations have been required to agree to implement certain domestic monetary and fiscal reforms. The Brady Plan sets forth only general guiding principles for economic reform and debt reduction, emphasizing that solutions must be negotiated on a case-by-case basis between debtor nations and their creditors.
Brady Bonds are often viewed as having three or four valuation components: (i) the collateralized repayment of principal at final maturity; (ii) the collateralized interest payments; (iii) the uncollateralized interest payments; and (iv) any uncollateralized repayment of principal at maturity (these uncollateralized amounts constitute the “residual risk”). In light of the residual risk of Brady Bonds and, among other factors, the history of defaults with respect to commercial bank loans by public and private entities of countries
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Investment Technique
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Description and Risks
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Fund-Specific Limitations
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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issuing Brady Bonds, investments in Brady Bonds can be viewed as speculative.
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Stand-by Commitments
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Each Series may purchase securities together with the right to resell them to the seller or a third party at an agreed-upon price or yield within specified periods prior to their maturity dates. Such a right to resell is commonly known as a stand-by commitment, and the aggregate price which a Series pays for securities with a stand-by commitment may increase the cost, and thereby reduce the yield, of the security. The primary purpose of this practice is to permit the Series to be as fully invested as practicable in municipal securities while preserving the necessary flexibility and liquidity to meet unanticipated redemptions. Stand-by commitments acquired by a Series are valued at zero in determining the Series’ NAV. Stand-by commitments involve certain expenses and risks, including the inability of the issuer of the commitment to pay for the securities at the time the commitment is exercised, non-marketability of the commitment, and differences between the maturity of the underlying security and the maturity of the commitment.
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Strip Bonds
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Strip bonds are debt securities that are stripped of their interest (usually by a financial intermediary) after the securities are issued. The market value of these securities generally fluctuates more in response to changes in interest rates than interest-paying securities of comparable maturity.
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Tender Option Bonds
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Tender option bonds are relatively long-term bonds that are coupled with the option to tender the securities to a bank, broker-dealer or other financial institution at periodic intervals and receive the face value of the bond. This investment structure is commonly used as a means of enhancing a security’s liquidity.
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Variable and Floating Rate Obligations
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Each Series may purchase securities having a floating or variable rate of interest. These securities pay interest at rates that are adjusted periodically according to a specific formula, usually with reference to some interest rate index or market interest rate (the “underlying index”). The floating rate tends to decrease the security’s price sensitivity to changes in interest rates. These types of securities
may
carry demand features permitting the holder to demand payment of principal at any time or at specified intervals prior to maturity. Accordingly, as interest rates decrease or increase, the potential for capital appreciation or depreciation is less than for fixed-rate obligations.
In order to most effectively use these investments, a Series’ subadviser must correctly assess probable movements in interest rates. This involves different skills than those used to select most other
portfolio securities. If the Series’ subadviser incorrectly
forecasts such movements, the Series could be adversely affected by the use of variable or floating rate obligations.
The floating and variable rate obligations that the Series may purchase include variable rate demand securities. Variable rate demand securities are variable rate securities that have demand features entitling the purchaser to resell the securities to the issuer at an amount approximately equal to amortized cost or the principal amount thereof plus accrued interest, which may be more or less than the price that the Series paid for them. The interest rate on variable
rate demand securities also varies either according to some objective
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standard, such as an index of short-term, tax-exempt rates, or according to rates set by or on behalf of the issuer.
When a Series purchases a floating or variable rate demand instrument, the Series’ subadviser will monitor, on an ongoing basis, the ability of the issuer to pay principal and interest on demand. The Series’ right to obtain payment at par on a demand instrument could be affected by events occurring between the date the Series elects to demand payment and the date payment is due that may affect the ability of the issuer of the instrument to make payment when due, except when such demand instrument permits same day settlement. To facilitate settlement, these same day demand instruments may be held in book entry form at a bank other than the Series’ custodian subject to a sub-custodian agreement between the bank and the Series’ custodian.
The floating and variable rate obligations that the Series may purchase also include certificates of participation in such obligations purchased from banks. A certificate of participation gives the Series an undivided interest in the underlying obligations in the proportion that the Series’ interest bears to the total principal amount of the obligation. Certain certificates of participation may carry a demand feature that would permit the holder to tender them back to the issuer prior to maturity.
The income received on certificates of participation in tax-exempt municipal obligations constitutes interest from tax-exempt obligations.
Each Series will limit its purchases of floating and variable rate obligations to those of the same quality as it otherwise is allowed to purchase. Similar to fixed rate debt instruments, variable and floating rate instruments are subject to changes in value based on changes in prevailing market interest rates or changes in the issuer’s creditworthiness.
A floating or variable rate instrument may be subject to a Series’ percentage limitation on illiquid securities if there is no reliable trading market for the instrument or if the Series may not demand payment of the principal amount within seven days. (See “Illiquid and Restricted Securities” in this section of the SAI.)
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Zero and Deferred Coupon Debt Securities
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Each Series may invest in debt obligations that do not make any interest payments for a specified period of time prior to maturity (“deferred coupon” bonds) or until maturity (“zero coupon” bonds). The nonpayment of interest on a current basis may result from the bond’s having no stated interest rate, in which case the bond pays only principal at maturity and is
normally
initially issued at a discount
from face value. Alternatively, the bond may provide for a stated rate of interest, but provide that such interest is not payable until maturity, in which case the bond may initially be issued at par. The value to the investor of these types of bonds is represented by the economic accretion either of the difference between the purchase price and the nominal principal amount (if no interest is stated to accrue) or of accrued, unpaid interest during the bond’s life or payment deferral period.
Because deferred and zero coupon bonds do not make interest payments for a certain period of time, they are generally purchased by a Series at a deep discount and their value fluctuates more in response to interest rate changes than does the value of debt
obligations that make current interest payments. The degree of
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fluctuation with interest rate changes is greater when the deferred period is longer. Therefore, when a Series invests in zero or deferred coupon
bonds,
there is a risk that the value of the Series’ shares may
decline more as a result of an increase in interest rates than would be the case if the Series did not invest in such bonds.
Even though zero and deferred coupon bonds may not pay current interest in cash, each Series is required to accrue interest income on such investments and to distribute such amounts to shareholders. Thus, a Series would not be able to purchase income-producing securities to the extent cash is used to pay such distributions, and, therefore, the Series’ current income could be less than it otherwise would have been. Instead of using cash, the Series might liquidate investments in order to satisfy these distribution requirements.
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Derivative Investments
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Each
Series may invest in various types of derivatives, which may at
times result in significant derivative exposure. A derivative is a financial instrument whose performance is derived from the performance of another asset.
Each
Series may invest in derivative
instruments including, but not limited to: futures contracts, put options, call options, options on future contracts, options on foreign currencies, swaps, forward contracts, structured investments, and other equity-linked derivatives.
Each
Series may use derivative instruments for hedging (to offset
risks associated with an investment, currency exposure, or market conditions) or
in pursuit of its investment objective(s) and policies
(to
seek to enhance
returns).
When
a
Series invests in a
derivative, the
risks of loss of that
derivative
may
be greater than the derivative’s
cost.
No
Series may
use any derivative to gain exposure to an asset
or class of assets that it would be prohibited by its investment restrictions from purchasing directly.
In addition to other
considerations, a
Series’ ability to use derivative instruments may
be
limited by tax considerations. (See “Dividends, Distributions and Taxes” in this SAI.)
Investments in derivatives may subject a Series to special risks in addition to normal market fluctuations and other risks inherent in investment in securities. For example, a percentage of the Series’ assets may be segregated to cover its obligations with respect to the derivative investment, which may make it more difficult for the Series’ subadviser to meet redemption requests or other short-term obligations.
Investments in derivatives in general are
also
subject to market risks
that may cause their prices to fluctuate over time. Investments in derivatives may not directly correlate with the price movements of the underlying instrument. As a result, the use of derivatives may expose the Series to additional risks that it would not be subject to if it invested directly in the securities underlying those derivatives. The use of derivatives may result in larger losses or smaller gains than otherwise would be the case.
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Commodity Interests
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Certain of the derivative investment types permitted for the Series may be considered commodity interests for purposes of the CEA and regulations approved by the CFTC.
Investing in commodity interests,
outside of certain conditions required to qualify for exemption or exclusion, will cause a Series to be deemed a commodity pool, thereby subjecting the Series to regulation under the CEA and CFTC rules. In that event, the Adviser will be registered as a Commodity
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Pool Operator, certain of the Series’ Subadvisers will be registered as Commodity Trading Advisers, and the Series will be operated in accordance with CFTC rules. Because of the applicable registration requirements and rules, investing the Series’ assets in commodity interests could cause the fund to incur additional expenses. Alternatively, to the extent that a Series limits its exposure to commodity interests in order to qualify for
exemption from being
considered a
commodity pool, the Series’ use of investment
techniques described in its Prospectus and this SAI may be limited or restricted.
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Credit-linked Notes
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Credit-linked notes are derivative instruments used to transfer credit risk. The performance of the notes is linked to the performance of the underlying reference obligation or reference portfolio (“reference entities”). The notes are usually issued by a special purpose vehicle that sells credit protection through a credit default swap agreement in return for a premium and an obligation to pay the transaction sponsor should a reference entity experience a credit event, such as bankruptcy. The special purpose vehicle invests the proceeds from the notes to cover its contingent obligation. Revenue from the investments and the money received as premium are used to pay interest to note holders. The main risk of credit linked notes is the risk of default to the reference obligation of the credit default swap. Should a default occur, the special purpose vehicle would have to pay the transaction sponsor, subordinating payments to the note holders. Credit linked notes also may not be liquid and may be subject to currency and interest rate risks as well.
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Eurodollar Instruments
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The Series may invest in Eurodollar instruments. Eurodollar instruments are
dollar-denominated certificates of deposit and time
deposits issued outside the U.S. capital markets by foreign branches of U.S. banks and by foreign banks.
Eurodollar futures contracts
enable purchasers to obtain a fixed rate for the lending of funds and sellers to obtain a fixed rate for borrowings. A Series might use Eurodollar
instruments
to hedge against changes in
interest rates or
to enhance returns.
Eurodollar obligations are subject to the same risks that pertain to domestic issuers, most notably income risk (and, to a lesser extent, credit risk, market risk, and liquidity risk). Additionally, Eurodollar obligations are subject to certain sovereign risks. One such risk is the possibility that a sovereign country might prevent capital, in the form of dollars, from flowing across its borders. Other risks include adverse political and economic developments, the extent and quality of government regulation of financial markets and institutions, the imposition of foreign withholding taxes, and expropriation or nationalization of foreign issuers. However, Eurodollar obligations will undergo the same type of credit analysis as domestic issuers in which a Series invests.
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Equity-linked Derivatives
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Each Series may invest in equity-linked derivative products
the
performance of which is designed to correspond generally to the performance of a specified stock index or "basket" of stocks, or to a single stock.
Investments in equity-linked derivatives involve the same
risks associated with a direct investment in the types of securities
such products are designed to track. There can be no assurance that
the trading price of the equity-linked derivatives will equal the underlying value of the
securities purchased to replicate a particular
investment
or that such basket will replicate the
investment.
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Investments in equity-linked derivatives may constitute investments in other investment companies. (See “Mutual Fund Investing” in this section of the SAI for information regarding the implications of a Series investing in other investment companies.)
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Foreign Currency Forward Contracts, Futures and Options
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Each Series may engage in certain derivative foreign currency exchange and option transactions involving investment risks and transaction costs to which the Series would not be subject absent the use of these strategies. If a Series’ subadviser’s predictions of movements in the direction of securities prices or currency exchange rates are inaccurate, the adverse consequences to the Series may leave the Series in a worse position than if it had not used such strategies. Risks inherent in the use of option and foreign currency forward and futures contracts include: (1) dependence on the Series’ subadviser’s ability to correctly predict movements in the direction of securities prices and currency exchange rates; (2) imperfect correlation between the price of options and futures contracts and movements in the prices of the securities or currencies being hedged; (3) the fact that the skills needed to use these strategies are different from those needed to select portfolio securities; (4) the possible absence of a liquid secondary market for any particular instrument at any time; and (5) the possible need to defer closing out certain hedged positions to avoid adverse tax consequences. The Series’ ability to enter into futures contracts is also limited by the requirements of the Code for qualification as a regulated investment company. (See the “Dividends, Distributions and Taxes” section of this SAI.)
A Series may engage in currency exchange transactions to protect against uncertainty in the level of future currency exchange rates. In addition, a Series may write covered put and call options on foreign currencies for the purpose of increasing its return.
A Series may enter into contracts to purchase or sell foreign currencies at a future date (“forward contracts”) and purchase and sell foreign currency futures contracts. For
certain
hedging purposes, the
Series may also purchase exchange-listed and over-the-counter put and call options on foreign currency futures contracts and on foreign currencies. A put option on a futures contract gives the Series the right to assume a short position in the futures contract until the expiration of the option. A put option on a currency gives the Series the right to sell the currency at an exercise price until the expiration of the option. A call option on a futures contract gives the Series the right to assume a long position in the futures contract until the expiration of the option. A call option on a currency gives the Series the right to purchase the currency at the exercise price until the expiration of the option.
When engaging in position hedging, a Series enters into foreign currency exchange transactions to protect against a decline in the values of the foreign currencies in which its portfolio securities are denominated (or an increase in the values of currency for securities which the Series expects to purchase, when the Series holds cash or short-term investments). In connection with position hedging, the Series may purchase put or call options on foreign currency and on foreign currency futures contracts and buy or sell forward contracts and foreign currency futures contracts. (A Series may also purchase
or sell foreign currency on a spot basis, as discussed in “Foreign
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Currency Transactions” under “Foreign Investing” in this section of the SAI.)
The precise matching of the amounts of foreign currency exchange transactions and the value of the portfolio securities involved will not generally be possible since the future value of such securities in foreign currencies will change as a consequence of market movements in the value of those securities between the dates the currency exchange transactions are entered into and the dates they mature. It is also impossible to forecast with precision the market value of portfolio securities at the expiration or maturity of a forward or futures contract. Accordingly, it may be necessary for a Series to purchase additional foreign currency on the spot market (and bear the expense of such purchase) if the market value of the security or securities being hedged is less than the amount of foreign currency the Series is obligated to deliver and a decision is made to sell the security or securities and make delivery of the foreign currency. Conversely, it may be necessary to sell on the spot market some of the foreign currency received upon the sale of the portfolio security or securities if the market value of such security or securities exceeds the amount of foreign currency the Series is obligated to deliver.
Hedging techniques
do not eliminate fluctuations in the underlying
prices of the securities which a Series owns or intends to purchase or sell. They simply establish a rate of exchange which one can achieve at some future point in time. Additionally, although these techniques tend to minimize the risk of loss due to a decline in the value of the hedged currency, they also tend to limit any potential gain which might result from the increase in value of such currency.
A Series may seek to increase its return or to offset some of the costs of hedging against fluctuations in currency exchange rates by writing covered put options and covered call options on foreign currencies. In that case, the Series receives a premium from writing a put or call option, which increases the Series’ current return if the option expires unexercised or is closed out at a net profit. A Series may terminate an option that it has written prior to its expiration by entering into a closing purchase transaction in which it purchases an option having the same terms as the option written.
A Series’ currency hedging transactions may call for the delivery of one foreign currency in exchange for another foreign currency and may at times not involve currencies in which its portfolio securities are then denominated. A Series’ subadviser will engage in such “cross hedging” activities when it believes that such transactions provide significant hedging opportunities for the Series. Cross hedging transactions by a Series involve the risk of imperfect correlation between changes in the values of the currencies to which such transactions relate and changes in the value of the currency or other asset or liability which is the subject of the hedge.
Foreign currency forward contracts, futures and options may be traded on foreign exchanges. Such transactions may not be regulated as effectively as similar transactions in the United States; may not involve a clearing mechanism and related guarantees; and are subject to the risk of governmental actions affecting trading in, or the prices of, foreign securities. The value of such positions also could be adversely affected by (i) other complex foreign political, legal and economic factors, (ii) lesser availability than in the United States of
data on which to make trading decisions, (iii) delays in the relevant
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Series’ ability to act upon economic events occurring in foreign markets during non-business hours in the United States, (iv) the imposition of different exercise and settlement terms and procedures and margin requirements than in the United States, and (v) lesser trading volume.
The types of derivative foreign currency exchange transactions most commonly employed by the Series are discussed below, although each Series is also permitted to engage in other similar transactions to the extent consistent with the Series’ investment limitations and restrictions.
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Foreign Currency Forward Contracts
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A foreign currency forward contract involves an obligation to purchase or sell a specific currency at a future date, which may be any fixed number of days (“term”) from the date of the contract agreed upon by the parties, at a price set at the time of the contract. These contracts are traded directly between currency traders (usually large commercial banks) and their customers.
A Series will specifically designate on its accounting records any asset, including equity securities and non-investment-grade debt so long as the asset is liquid, unencumbered and marked to market daily in an amount not less than the value of the Series’ total assets committed to forward foreign currency exchange contracts entered into for the purchase of a foreign currency. If the value of the securities specifically designated declines, additional cash or securities will be added so that the specifically designated amount is not less than the amount of the Series’ commitments with respect to such contracts.
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Foreign Currency Futures Transactions
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Each Series may use foreign currency futures contracts and options on such futures contracts. Through the purchase or sale of such contracts, a Series may be able to achieve many of the same objectives attainable through the use of foreign currency forward contracts, but more effectively and possibly at a lower cost.
Unlike forward foreign currency exchange contracts, foreign currency futures contracts and options on foreign currency futures contracts are standardized as to amount and delivery period and are traded on boards of trade and commodities exchanges. It is anticipated that such contracts may provide greater liquidity and lower cost than forward foreign currency exchange contracts.
Purchasers and sellers of foreign currency futures contracts are subject to the same risks that apply to the buying and selling of futures generally. In addition, there are risks associated with foreign currency futures contracts similar to those associated with options on foreign currencies. (See “Foreign Currency Options” and “Futures Contracts and Options on Futures Contracts”, each in this sub-section of the SAI.) The Series must accept or make delivery of the underlying foreign currency, through banking arrangements, in accordance with any U.S. or foreign restrictions or regulations regarding the maintenance of foreign banking arrangements by U.S. residents and may be required to pay any fees, taxes or charges associated with such delivery which are assessed in the issuing country.
To the extent required to comply with SEC Release No.
IC-10666,
when entering into a futures contract or an option transaction, a Series will specifically designate on its accounting records any asset, including equity securities and non-investment-grade debt so long as
the asset is liquid, unencumbered and marked to market daily equal to
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the
net amount of the Series’ obligation. For foreign currency futures
transactions, the prescribed amount will generally be the daily value of the futures contract, marked to market.
Futures contracts are designed by boards of trade which are designated “contracts markets” by the CFTC. Futures contracts trade on contracts markets in a manner that is similar to the way a stock trades on a stock exchange and the boards of trade, through their clearing corporations, guarantee performance of the contracts. As of the date of this SAI, the Series may invest in futures contracts under specified conditions without being regulated as commodity pools. However, under recently amended CFTC rules the Series’ ability to maintain the exclusions/exemptions from the definition of commodity pool may be limited. (See “Commodity Interests” in this section of the SAI.)
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Foreign Currency Options
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A foreign currency option provides the option buyer with the right to buy or sell a stated amount of foreign currency at the exercise price at a specified date or during the option period. A call option gives its owner the right, but not the obligation, to buy the currency, while a put option gives its owner the right, but not the obligation, to sell the currency. The option seller (writer) is obligated to fulfill the terms of the option sold if it is exercised. However, either seller or buyer may close its position during the option period for such options any time prior to expiration.
A call rises in value if the underlying currency appreciates. Conversely, a put rises in value if the underlying currency depreciates. While purchasing a foreign currency option can protect a Series against an adverse movement in the value of a foreign currency, it does not limit the gain which might result from a favorable movement in the value of such currency. For example, if the Series were holding securities denominated in an appreciating foreign currency and had purchased a foreign currency put to hedge against a decline in the value of the currency, it would not have to exercise its put. Similarly, if the Series had entered into a contract to purchase a security denominated in a foreign currency and had purchased a foreign currency call to hedge against a rise in the value of the currency but instead the currency had depreciated in value between the date of purchase and the settlement date, the Series would not have to exercise its call but could acquire in the spot market the amount of foreign currency needed for settlement.
The value of a foreign currency option depends upon the value of the underlying currency relative to the
other referenced currency.
As a
result, the price of the option position may vary with changes in the value of either or both currencies and have no relationship to the investment merits of a foreign security, including foreign securities held in a “hedged” investment portfolio. Because foreign currency transactions occurring in the interbank market involve substantially larger amounts than those that may be involved in the use of foreign currency options, the Series may be disadvantaged by having to deal in an odd lot market (generally consisting of transactions of less than $1 million) for the underlying foreign currencies at prices that are less favorable than for round lots.
As in the case of other kinds of options, the use of foreign currency options constitutes only a partial hedge, and a Series could be required to purchase or sell foreign currencies at disadvantageous
exchange rates, thereby incurring losses. The purchase of an option
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on a foreign currency may not necessarily constitute an effective hedge against fluctuations in exchange rates and, in the event of rate movements adverse to the Series’ position, the Series may forfeit the entire amount of the premium plus related transaction costs.
Options on foreign currencies written or purchased by a Series may be traded on U.S. or foreign exchanges or over the counter. There is no systematic reporting of last sale information for foreign currencies traded over the counter or any regulatory requirement that quotations available through dealers or other market sources be firm or revised on a timely basis. Quotation information available is generally representative of very large transactions in the interbank market and thus may not reflect relatively smaller transactions
(i.e.,
less than $1
million) where rates may be less favorable. The interbank market in foreign currencies is a global, around-the-clock market. To the extent that the
options markets are closed while the markets for the
underlying currencies remain open, significant price and rate movements may take place in the underlying markets that are not reflected in the options market.
For additional information about options transactions, see “Options” under “Derivative Investments” in this section of the SAI.
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Foreign Currency Warrants
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Foreign currency warrants such as currency exchange warrants are warrants that entitle the holder to receive from the issuer an amount of cash (generally, for warrants issued in the United States, in U.S. dollars) that is calculated pursuant to a predetermined formula and based on the exchange rate between
two specified currencies
as of
the exercise date of the warrant. Foreign currency warrants generally are exercisable upon their issuance and expire as of a specified date and time.
Foreign currency warrants may be used to reduce the
currency
exchange risk assumed by purchasers of a security by, for example, providing for a supplemental payment in the event the U.S. dollar depreciates against the value of a major foreign currency such as the Japanese Yen or Euro. The formula used to determine the amount payable upon exercise of a foreign currency warrant may make the warrant worthless unless the applicable foreign currency exchange rate moves in a particular direction
(e.g.,
unless the U.S. dollar
appreciates or depreciates against the particular foreign currency to which the warrant is linked or indexed).
Foreign currency warrants are severable from the debt obligations with which they may be offered, and may be listed on exchanges. Foreign currency warrants may be exercisable only in certain minimum amounts, and an investor wishing to exercise warrants who possesses less than the minimum number required for exercise may be required either to sell the warrants or to purchase additional warrants, thereby incurring additional transaction costs. Upon exercise of warrants, there may be a delay between the time the holder gives instructions to exercise and the time the exchange rate relating to exercise is determined, thereby affecting both the market and cash settlement values of the warrants being exercised. The expiration date of the warrants may be accelerated if the warrants should be delisted from an exchange or if their trading should be suspended permanently, which would result in the loss of any remaining “time value” of the warrants
(i.e.,
the difference between the
current market value and the exercise value of the warrants), and, if
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the warrants were “out-of-the-money,” in a total loss of the purchase price of the warrants.
Warrants are generally unsecured obligations of their issuers and are not standardized foreign currency options issued by the OCC. Unlike foreign currency options issued by OCC, the terms of foreign exchange warrants generally will not be amended in the event of governmental or regulatory actions affecting exchange rates or in the event of the imposition of other regulatory controls affecting the international currency markets. The initial public offering price of foreign currency warrants
could be
considerably in excess of the price
that a commercial user of foreign currencies might pay in the interbank market for a comparable option involving
larger amounts of
foreign currencies. Foreign currency warrants are subject to significant foreign exchange risk, including risks arising from complex political or economic factors.
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Performance Indexed Paper
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Performance indexed paper is
commercial paper the yield of which is
linked to certain
currency
exchange rate movements. The yield to the
investor on performance indexed paper is established at maturity as a function of spot exchange rates between the
designated currencies
as
of or about the time (generally, the index maturity two days prior to maturity). The yield to the investor will be within a range stipulated at the time of purchase of the obligation, generally with a guaranteed minimum rate of return that is below, and a potential maximum rate of return that is above, market yields on
commercial paper, with both the
minimum and maximum rates of return on the investment corresponding to the minimum and maximum values of the spot exchange rate two business days prior to maturity.
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Principal Exchange Rate Linked Securities (“PERLS”)
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PERLS are debt obligations the principal on which is payable at maturity in an amount that may vary based on the exchange rate between the
particular currencies
at or about that time. The return on
“standard” principal exchange rate linked securities is enhanced if the
currency to which the security is linked appreciates against the
base
currency,
and is adversely affected by increases in the
exchange
value of the
base currency. “Reverse”
PERLS are like the “standard”
securities, except that their return is enhanced by increases in the value of the
base currency
and adversely impacted by increases in
the value of
other
currency. Interest payments on the securities are
generally made
at rates that reflect the degree of
currency risk
assumed or given up by the purchaser of the notes
(i.e.,
at relatively
higher interest rates if the purchaser has assumed some of the
currency
exchange risk, or relatively lower interest rates if the issuer
has assumed some of the
currency
exchange risk, based on the
expectations of the current market). PERLS may in limited cases be subject to acceleration of maturity (generally, not without the consent of the holders of the securities), which may have an adverse impact on the value of the principal payment to be made at maturity.
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Futures Contracts and Options on Futures Contracts
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Each Series may use interest rate, foreign currency or index futures contracts. An interest rate, foreign currency or index futures contract provides for the future sale by one party and purchase by another party of a specified quantity of a financial instrument, foreign currency or the cash value of an index at a specified price and time. A futures contract on an index is an agreement pursuant to which two parties agree to take or make delivery of an amount of cash equal to the difference between the value of the index at the close of the last
trading day of the contract and the price at which the index contract
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No Series will purchase or sell any financial futures contract or related option for non-bona fide hedging purposes if, immediately thereafter, the sum of the cash or U.S.
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was originally written. Although the value of an index might be a function of the value of certain specified securities, no physical delivery of these securities is made. A public market exists in futures contracts covering several indexes as well as a number of financial instruments and foreign currencies, and it is expected that other futures contracts will be developed and traded in the future. Interest rate futures contracts currently are traded in the United States primarily on the floors of the Chicago Board of Trade and the International Monetary Market of the Chicago Mercantile Exchange. Interest rate futures also are traded on foreign exchanges such as the London International Financial Futures Exchange and the Singapore International Monetary Exchange.
A Series may purchase and write call and put options on futures. Futures options possess many of the same characteristics as options on securities and indexes discussed above. A futures option gives the holder the right, in return for the premium paid, to assume a long position (call) or short position (put) in a futures contract at a specified exercise price at any time during the period of option. Upon exercise of a call option, the holder acquires a long position in the futures contract and the writer is assigned the opposite short position. In the case of a put option, the opposite is true.
The Series will limit their use of futures contracts and futures options to hedging transactions
and
in an attempt to increase total return, in
accordance with federal regulations. The costs of, and possible losses incurred from, futures contracts and options thereon may reduce the Series’ current income and involve a loss of principal. Any incremental return earned by the Series resulting from these transactions would be expected to offset anticipated losses or a portion thereof.
The Series will only enter into futures contracts and futures options which are standardized and traded on a U.S. or foreign exchange, board of trade, or similar entity, or quoted on an automated quotation system.
When a purchase or sale of a futures contract is made by a Series, the Series is required to deposit with its custodian (or broker, if legally permitted) a specified amount of cash or U.S. Government securities (“initial margin”). The margin required for a futures contract is set by the exchange on which the contract is traded and may be modified during the term of the contract. The initial margin is in the nature of a performance bond or good faith deposit on the futures contract which is returned to the Series upon termination of the contract, assuming all contractual obligations have been satisfied. The Series expect to earn interest income on their initial margin deposits. A futures contract held by a Series is valued daily at the official settlement price of the exchange on which it is traded. Each day the Series pays or receives cash, called “variation margin,” equal to the daily change in value of the futures contract. This process is known as “marking to market.” Variation margin does not represent a borrowing or loan by the Series but is instead a settlement between the Series and the broker of the amount one would owe the other if the futures contract expired. In computing daily NAV, the Series will mark to market its open futures positions.
The Series are also required to deposit and maintain margin with respect to put and call options on futures contracts written by them. Such margin deposits will vary depending on the nature of the
underlying futures contract (and the related initial margin
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Treasury bills committed with respect to its existing futures and related options positions and the premiums paid for related options would exceed 5% of the market value of its total assets.
No Series may enter into a futures contract for the delivery of a security if, immediately thereafter, the value of the securities called for by all of such Series’ outstanding futures contracts (for both receipt and delivery) would exceed 10% of the market value of such Series’ total assets.
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requirements), the current market value of the option, and other futures positions held by the relevant Series.
To the extent required to comply with SEC Release No.
IC-10666,
when entering into a futures contract or an option on a futures contract, a Series will specifically designate on its accounting records any asset, including equity securities and non-investment-grade debt so long as the asset is liquid, unencumbered and marked to market daily equal to the prescribed amount.
For futures contracts, the
prescribed amount will be the daily value of the futures contract, marked to market.
Futures contracts are designed by boards of trade which are designated “contracts markets” by the CFTC. Futures contracts trade on contracts markets in a manner that is similar to the way a stock trades on a stock exchange and the boards of trade, through their clearing corporations, guarantee performance of the contracts. As of the date of this SAI, each Series may invest in futures contracts under specified conditions without registering as a commodity pool with the CFTC. However, under the recent rule amendments the Series’ ability to claim the exclusion/exemption from the definition of a commodity pool may be limited. (See “Commodity Interests” in this SAI.)
The requirements of the Code for qualification as a regulated investment company also may limit the extent to which a Series may enter into futures, futures options or forward contracts. (See the “Dividends, Distributions and Taxes” section of this SAI.)
Although some futures contracts call for making or taking delivery of the underlying securities, generally these obligations are closed out prior to delivery by offsetting purchases or sales of matching futures contracts (same exchange, underlying security or index, and delivery month). If an offsetting purchase price is less than the original sale price, the Series realizes a capital gain, or if it is more, the Series realizes a capital loss. Conversely, if an offsetting sales price is more than the original purchase price, the Series realizes a capital gain, or if it is less, the Series realizes a capital loss. The transaction costs must also be included in these calculations.
Positions in futures contracts and related options may be closed out only on an exchange which provides a secondary market for such contracts or options. The Series will enter into an option or futures position only if there appears to be a liquid secondary market. However, there can be no assurance that a liquid secondary market will exist for any particular option or futures contract at any specific time. Thus, it may not be possible to close out a futures or related option position. In the case of a futures position, in the event of adverse price movements the Series would continue to be required to make daily margin payments. In this situation, if the Series has insufficient cash to meet daily margin requirements it may have to sell portfolio securities to meet its margin obligations at a time when it may be disadvantageous to do so. In addition, the Series may be required to take or make delivery of the securities underlying the futures contracts it holds. The inability to close out futures positions also could have an adverse impact on the Series’ ability to hedge its portfolio effectively.
There are several risks in connection with the use of futures contracts as a hedging device. While hedging can provide protection against an adverse movement in market prices, it can also limit a hedger’s
opportunity to benefit fully from a favorable market movement. In
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addition, investing in futures contracts and options on futures contracts will cause the Series to incur additional brokerage commissions and may cause an increase in the Series’ portfolio turnover rate.
The successful use of futures contracts and related options also depends on the ability of the relevant Series’ subadviser to forecast correctly the direction and extent of market movements, interest rates and other market factors within a given time frame. To the extent market prices remain stable during the period a futures contract or option is held by a Series or such prices move in a direction opposite to that anticipated, the Series may realize a loss on the transaction which is not offset by an increase in the value of its portfolio securities. Options and futures may also fail as a hedging technique in cases where the movements of the securities underlying the options and futures do not follow the price movements of the hedged portfolio securities. As a result, the Series’ total return for the period may be less than if it had not engaged in the hedging transaction. The loss from investing in futures transactions is potentially unlimited.
Utilization of futures contracts by a Series involves the risk of imperfect correlation in movements in the price of futures contracts and movements in the price of the securities which are being hedged. If the price of the futures contract moves more or less than the price of the securities being hedged, the Series will experience a gain or loss which will not be completely offset by movements in the price of the securities. It is possible that, where a Series has sold futures contracts to hedge its portfolio against a decline in the market, the market may advance and the value of securities held in the Series’ portfolio may decline. If this occurred, the Series would lose money on the futures contract and would also experience a decline in value in its portfolio securities. Where futures are purchased to hedge against a possible increase in the prices of securities before the Series is able to invest its cash (or cash equivalents) in securities (or options) in an orderly fashion, it is possible that the market may decline; if the Series then determines not to invest in securities (or options) at that time because of concern as to possible further market decline or for other reasons, the Series will realize a loss on the futures that would not be offset by a reduction in the price of the securities purchased.
The market prices of futures contracts may be affected if participants in the futures market elect to close out their contracts through off-setting transactions rather than to meet margin deposit requirements. In such case, distortions in the normal relationship between the cash and futures markets could result. Price distortions could also result if investors in futures contracts opt to make or take delivery of the underlying securities rather than to engage in closing transactions because such action would reduce the liquidity of the futures market. In addition, from the point of view of speculators, because the deposit requirements in the futures markets are less onerous than margin requirements in the cash market, increased participation by speculators in the futures market could cause temporary price distortions. Due to the possibility of price distortions in the futures market and because of the imperfect correlation between movements in the prices of securities and movements in the prices of futures contracts, a correct forecast of market trends may still not result in a
successful hedging transaction.
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Compared to the purchase or sale of futures contracts, the purchase of put or call options on futures contracts involves less potential risk for the Series because the maximum amount at risk is the premium paid for the options plus transaction costs. However, there may be circumstances when the purchase of an option on a futures contract would result in a loss to the Series while the purchase or sale of the futures contract would not have resulted in a loss, such as when there is no movement in the price of the underlying securities.
For additional information about options transactions, see “Options” under “Derivative Investments” in this section of the SAI.
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Mortgage-Related and Other Asset-Backed Securities
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Each Series may purchase mortgage-related and other asset-backed securities, which collectively are securities backed by mortgages, installment contracts, credit card receivables or other financial assets. Asset-backed securities represent interests in “pools” of assets in which payments of both interest and principal on the securities are made periodically, thus in effect “passing through” such payments made by the individual borrowers on the assets that underlie the securities, net of any fees paid to the issuer or guarantor of the securities. The average life of asset-backed securities varies with the maturities of the underlying instruments, and the average life of a mortgage-backed instrument, in particular, is likely to be
less than the
original maturity of the mortgage pools underlying the securities as a result of mortgage
prepayments, where applicable.
For this and other
reasons, an asset-backed security’s stated maturity may be
different,
and the security’s total return may be difficult to predict precisely.
If an asset-backed security is purchased at a premium, a prepayment rate that is faster than expected will reduce yield to maturity, while a prepayment rate that is slower than expected will have the opposite effect of increasing yield to maturity. Conversely, if an asset-backed security is purchased at a discount, faster than expected prepayments will increase yield to maturity, while slower than expected prepayments will decrease yield to maturity.
Prepayments of principal of mortgage-related securities by mortgagors or mortgage foreclosures affect the average life of the mortgage-related securities in the Series’ portfolio. Mortgage prepayments are affected by the level of interest rates and other factors, including general economic conditions and the underlying location and age of the mortgage. In periods of rising interest rates, the prepayment rate tends to decrease, lengthening the average life of a pool of mortgage-related securities. The longer the remaining maturity of a security the greater the effect of interest rate changes will be. Changes in the ability of an issuer to make payments of interest and principal and in the market’s perception of its creditworthiness also affect the market value of that issuer’s debt securities.
In periods of falling interest rates, the prepayment rate tends to increase, shortening the average life of a pool. Because prepayments of principal generally occur when interest rates are declining, it is likely that the Series, to the extent that it retains the same percentage of debt securities, may have to reinvest the proceeds of prepayments at lower interest rates than those of its previous investments. If this occurs, that Series’ yield will correspondingly decline. Thus, mortgage-related securities may have less potential for capital appreciation in periods of falling interest rates than other fixed income securities of comparable duration, although they may have a
comparable risk of decline in market value in periods of rising interest
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rates. To the extent that the Series purchases mortgage-related securities at a premium, unscheduled prepayments, which are made at par, result in a loss equal to any unamortized premium.
Duration is one of the fundamental tools used by
a Series' subadviser
in managing interest rate risks including prepayment risks. Traditionally, a debt security’s “term to maturity” characterizes a security’s sensitivity to changes in interest rates. “Term to maturity,” however, measures only the time until a debt security provides its final payment, taking no account of prematurity payments. Most debt securities provide interest (“coupon”) payments in addition to a final (“par”) payment at maturity, and some securities have call provisions allowing the issuer to repay the instrument in full before maturity date, each of which affect the security’s response to interest rate changes. “Duration”
therefore
is
generally
considered a more precise measure
of interest rate risk than “term to maturity.” Determining duration may involve
a subadviser’s
estimates of future economic parameters,
which may vary from actual future values.
Generally, fixed
income
securities with
longer
effective durations
are more responsive to
interest rate fluctuations than those with
shorter effective durations.
For example, if interest rates rise by 1%, the value of securities having an effective duration of three years will generally decrease by approximately 3%.
Descriptions of some of the different types of mortgage-related and other asset-backed securities most commonly acquired by the Series are provided below. In addition to those shown, other types of mortgage-related and asset-backed investments are, or may become, available for investment by the Series.
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Collateralized Mortgage Obligations (“CMOs”)
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CMOs are hybrid instruments with characteristics of both mortgage-backed and mortgage pass-through securities.
Interest
and prepaid
principal on a CMO are paid, in most cases,
monthly.
CMOs may be
collateralized by whole mortgage loans but are more typically collateralized by portfolios of mortgage pass-through securities guaranteed by entities such as GNMA, FHLMC, or FNMA, and their income streams.
CMOs are typically structured in multiple classes, each bearing a different stated maturity. Actual maturity and average life will depend upon the prepayment experience of the collateral. CMOs provide for a modified form of call protection through a de facto breakdown of the underlying pool of mortgages according to how quickly the loans are repaid. Monthly payment of principal received from the pool of underlying mortgages, including prepayments, is first returned to investors holding the shortest maturity class. Investors holding the longer maturity classes typically receive principal only after the first class has been retired. An investor may be partially guarded against a sooner than desired return of principal because of the sequential payments.
FHLMC CMOs are debt obligations of FHLMC issued in multiple classes having different maturity dates and are secured by the pledge of a pool of conventional mortgage loans purchased by FHLMC.
The
amount of principal payable on each
monthly
payment date is
determined in accordance with FHLMC’s mandatory sinking fund schedule. Sinking fund payments in the CMOs are allocated to the retirement of the individual classes of bonds in the order of their stated maturities. Payments of principal on the mortgage loans in the collateral pool in excess of the amount of FHLMC’s minimum sinking
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fund obligation for any payment date are paid to the holders of the CMOs as additional sinking-fund payments. Because of the “pass-through” nature of all principal payments received on the collateral pool in excess of FHLMC’s minimum sinking fund requirement, the rate at which principal of the CMOs is actually repaid is likely to be such that each class of bonds will be retired in advance of its scheduled maturity date. If collection of principal (including prepayments) on the mortgage loans during any semiannual payment period is not sufficient to meet FHLMC’s minimum sinking fund obligation on the next sinking fund payment date, FHLMC agrees to make up the deficiency from its general funds.
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CMO Residuals
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CMO residuals are derivative mortgage securities issued by agencies or instrumentalities of the U.S. Government or by private originators of, or investors in, mortgage loans. As described above, the cash flow generated by the mortgage assets underlying a series of CMOs is applied first to make required payments of principal and interest on the CMOs and second to pay the related administrative expenses of the issuer. The “residual” in a CMO structure generally represents the interest in any excess cash flow remaining after making the foregoing payments. Each payment of such excess cash flow to a holder of the related CMO residual represents income and/or a return of capital. The amount of residual cash flow resulting from a CMO will depend on, among other things, the characteristics of the mortgage assets, the coupon rate of each class of CMO, prevailing interest rates, the amount of administrative expenses and, in particular, the prepayment experience on the mortgage assets. In addition, if a series of a CMO includes a class that bears interest at an adjustable rate, the yield to maturity on the related CMO residual will also be extremely sensitive to changes in the level of the index upon which interest rate adjustments are based. In certain circumstances a Series may fail to recoup fully its initial investment in a CMO residual.
CMO residuals are generally purchased and sold by institutional investors through several investment banking firms acting as brokers or dealers. The CMO residual market currently may not have the liquidity of other more established securities trading in other markets. CMO residuals may be subject to certain restrictions on transferability, may be deemed illiquid and therefore subject to the Series’ limitations on investment in illiquid securities. (See “Illiquid and Restricted Securities” in this section of the SAI.)
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Mortgage Pass-through Securities
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Mortgage pass-through securities are interests in pools of mortgage loans, assembled and issued by various governmental, government-related, and private organizations. Unlike other forms of debt securities, which normally provide for periodic payment of interest in fixed amounts with principal payments at maturity or specified call dates, these securities provide a monthly payment consisting of both interest and principal payments. In effect, these payments are a “pass-through” of the monthly payments made by the individual borrowers on their residential or commercial mortgage loans, net of any fees paid to the issuer or guarantor of such securities. Additional payments are caused by repayments of principal resulting from the sale of the underlying property, refinancing or foreclosure, net of fees or costs. “Modified pass-through” securities (such as securities issued by GNMA) entitle the holder to receive all interest and principal payments owed on the mortgage pool, net of certain fees, at the scheduled payment dates regardless of whether or not the mortgagor
actually makes the payment.
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The principal governmental guarantor of
U.S.
mortgage-related
securities is GNMA. GNMA is authorized to guarantee, with the full faith and credit of the United States Government, the timely payment of principal and interest on securities issued by institutions approved by GNMA (such as savings and loan institutions, commercial banks and mortgage bankers) and backed by pools of Federal Housing Administration insured or Veterans Administration guaranteed mortgages. Government-related guarantors whose obligations are not backed by the full faith and credit of the United States Government include FNMA and FHLMC. FNMA purchases conventional
(i.e.,
not
insured or guaranteed by any government agency) residential mortgages from a list of approved seller/servicers which include state and federally chartered savings and loan associations, mutual savings banks, commercial banks and credit unions and mortgage bankers. FHLMC issues Participation Certificates that represent interests in conventional mortgages from FHLMC’s national portfolio. FNMA and FHLMC guarantee the timely payment of interest and ultimate collection of principal on securities they issue, but the securities they issue are neither issued nor guaranteed by the United States Government.
Commercial banks, savings and loan institutions, private mortgage insurance companies, mortgage bankers and other secondary market issuers also create pass-through pools of conventional residential mortgage loans. Such issuers may, in addition, be the originators
and/
or
servicers of the underlying mortgage loans as well as the
guarantors of the mortgage-related securities. Pools created by such non-governmental issuers generally offer a higher rate of interest than government and government-related pools because there are no direct or indirect government or agency guarantees of payments for such securities. However, timely payment of interest and principal of these pools may be supported by various forms of insurance or guarantees, including individual loan, title, pool and hazard insurance and letters of credit. The insurance and guarantees are issued by governmental entities, private insurers and the mortgage poolers. Such insurance and guarantees and the creditworthiness of the issuers thereof will be considered in determining whether a mortgage-related security meets
a
Series’ investment quality standards. There
can be no assurance that the private insurers or guarantors can meet their obligations under the insurance policies or guarantee arrangements. A Series may buy mortgage-related securities without insurance or guarantees if, through an examination of the loan experience and practices of the originator/servicers and poolers, the Series’ subadviser determines that the securities meet the Series’ quality standards. Securities issued by certain private organizations may not be readily marketable and may therefore be subject to the Series’ limitations on investments in illiquid securities. (See “Illiquid and Restricted Securities” in this section of the SAI.)
Mortgage-backed securities that are issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Government, its agencies or instrumentalities, are not subject to the Series’ industry concentration restrictions set forth in the “Investment Restrictions” section of this SAI by virtue of the exclusion from the test available to all U.S. Government securities. The Series will take the position that privately-issued, mortgage-related securities do not represent interests in any particular “industry” or group of industries. The assets underlying such securities may be represented by a
portfolio of first lien residential mortgages (including both whole
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mortgage loans and mortgage participation interests) or portfolios of mortgage pass-through securities issued or guaranteed by GNMA, FNMA or FHLMC. Mortgage loans underlying a mortgage-related security may in turn be insured or guaranteed by the Federal Housing Administration or the Department of Veterans Affairs. In the case of private issue mortgage-related securities whose underlying assets are neither U.S. Government securities nor U.S. Government-insured mortgages, to the extent that real properties securing such assets may be located in the same geographical region, the security may be subject to a greater risk of default than other comparable securities in the event of adverse economic, political or business developments that may affect such region and, ultimately, the ability of residential homeowners to make payments of principal and interest on the underlying mortgages.
It is possible that the availability and the marketability (that is, liquidity) of the securities discussed in this section could be adversely affected by the actions of the U.S. Government to tighten the availability of its credit. On September 7, 2008, the FHFA, an agency of the U.S. Government, placed FNMA and FHLMC into conservatorship, a statutory process with the objective of returning the entities to normal business operations. FHFA will act as the conservator to operate FNMA and FHLMC until they are stabilized. The conservatorship is still in effect as of the date of this SAI and has no specified termination date. There can be no assurance as to when or how the conservatorship will be terminated or whether FNMA or FHLMC will continue to exist following the conservatorship or what their respective business structures will be during or following the conservatorship. FHFA, as conservator, has the power to repudiate any contract entered into by FNMA or FHLMC prior to its appointment if it determines that performance of the contract is burdensome and repudiation of the contract promotes the orderly administration of FNMA’s or FHLMC’s affairs. Furthermore, FHFA has the right to transfer or sell any asset or liability of FNMA or FHLMC without any approval, assignment or consent. If FHFA were to transfer any such guarantee obligation to another party, holders of FNMA or FHLMC mortgage-backed securities would have to rely on that party for satisfaction of the guarantee obligation and would be exposed to the credit risk of that party.
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Other Asset-Backed Securities
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Through trusts and other special purpose entities, various types of securities based on financial assets other than mortgage loans are increasingly available, in both pass-through structures similar to mortgage pass-through securities described above and in other structures more like CMOs. As with mortgage-related securities, these asset-backed securities are often backed by a pool of financial assets representing the obligations of a number of different parties. They often include credit-enhancement features similar to mortgage-related securities.
Financial assets on which these securities are based include automobile receivables; credit card receivables; loans to finance boats, recreational vehicles, and mobile homes; computer, copier, railcar, and medical equipment leases; and trade, healthcare, and franchise receivables. In general, the obligations supporting these asset-backed securities are of shorter maturities than mortgage loans and are less likely to experience substantial prepayments. However, obligations such as credit card receivables are generally unsecured and the obligors are often entitled to protection under a number of
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consumer credit laws granting, among other things, rights to set off
certain amounts owed on the credit cards, thus reducing the balance due. Other obligations that are secured, such as automobile receivables, may present issuers with difficulties in perfecting and executing on the security interests, particularly where the issuer allows the servicers of the receivables to retain possession of the underlying obligations, thus increasing the risk that recoveries on defaulted obligations may not be adequate to support payments on the securities.
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Stripped Mortgage-backed Securities (“SMBS”)
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SMBS are derivative multi-class mortgage securities. They may be issued by agencies or instrumentalities of the U.S. Government, or by private originators of, or investors in, mortgage loans. SMBS are usually structured with two classes that receive different proportions of the interest and principal distributions on a pool of mortgage assets. A common type of SMBS will have one class receiving some of the interest and most of the principal from the mortgage assets, while the other class will receive most of the interest and the remainder of the principal. In the most extreme case, one class will receive all of the interest (the interest-only or “IO” class), while the other class will receive all of the principal (the principal-only or “PO” class). The yield to maturity on an IO class security is extremely sensitive to the rate of principal payments (including prepayments) on the related underlying mortgage assets, and a rapid rate of principal payments may have a material adverse effect on a Series’ yield to maturity from these securities. If the underlying mortgage assets experience greater than anticipated prepayments of principal, the Series may fail to recoup fully its initial investment in these securities even if the security is in one of the highest rating categories. The market value of the PO class generally is unusually volatile in response to changes in interest rates.
Although SMBS are purchased and sold by institutional investors through several investment banking firms acting as brokers or dealers, these securities were only recently developed. As a result, established trading markets have not yet developed and, accordingly, these securities may be deemed illiquid and therefore subject to the Series’ limitations on investment in illiquid securities. (See “Illiquid and Restricted Securities” in this section of the SAI.)
Each Series may invest in other mortgage-related securities with features similar to those described above, to the extent consistent with the relevant
Series'
investment objectives and policies.
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Options
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Each Series may purchase or sell put and call options on securities, indices and other financial instruments. Options may relate to particular securities, foreign and domestic securities indices, financial instruments,
volatility, credit default,
foreign currencies or the yield
differential between two securities. Such options may or may not be listed on a domestic or foreign securities exchange and may or may not be issued by the OCC.
A call option for a particular security gives the purchaser of the option the right to buy, and a writer the obligation to sell, the underlying security at the stated exercise price before the expiration of the option, regardless of the market price of the security. A premium is paid to the writer by the purchaser in consideration for undertaking the obligation under the option contract. A put option for a particular security gives
the purchaser the right to sell and a writer the obligation to buy the
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Each Series may invest up to an aggregate of 5% of its total assets in exchange-traded or over-the-counter call and put options on securities, securities indices and foreign currencies.
No Series may write options on more than 50% of its total assets.
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security at the stated exercise price before the expiration date of the option, regardless of the market price of the security.
To the extent required to comply with SEC Release No. IC-10666,
options
written by a Series will be covered and will remain covered as
long as the Series is obligated as a writer. A call option is “covered” if the Series owns the underlying security or its equivalent covered by the call or has an absolute and immediate right to acquire that security without additional cash consideration (or for additional cash consideration if such cash is segregated) upon conversion or exchange of other securities held in its portfolio. A call option is also covered if the Series holds on a share-for-share or equal principal amount basis a call on the same security as the call written where the exercise price of the call held is equal to or less than the exercise price of the call written or greater than the exercise price of the call written if appropriate liquid assets representing the difference are segregated by the Series. A put option is “covered” if the Series maintains appropriate liquid securities with a value equal to the exercise price, or owns on a share-for-share or equal principal amount basis a put on the same security as the put written where the exercise price of the put held is equal to or greater than the exercise price of the put written.
A Series’ obligation to sell an instrument subject to a covered call option written by it, or to purchase an instrument subject to a secured put option written by it, may be terminated before the expiration of the option by the Series’ execution of a closing purchase transaction. This means that a Series buys
an
option of the same series
(i.e.,
same
underlying instrument, exercise price and expiration date) as the option previously written. Such a purchase does not result in the ownership of an option. A closing purchase transaction will ordinarily be effected to realize a profit on an outstanding option, to prevent an underlying instrument from being called, to permit the sale of the underlying instrument or to permit the writing of a new option containing different terms on such underlying instrument. The cost of such a closing purchase plus related transaction costs may be greater than the premium received upon the original option, in which event the Series will experience a loss. There is no assurance that a liquid secondary market will exist for any particular option. A Series that has written an option and is unable to effect a closing purchase transaction will not be able to sell the underlying instrument (in the case of a covered call option) or liquidate the segregated assets (in the case of a secured put option) until the option expires or the optioned instrument is delivered upon exercise. The Series will be subject to the risk of market decline or appreciation in the instrument during such period.
To the extent required to comply with SEC Release No.
IC-10666,
when entering into an option transaction, a Series will specifically designate on its accounting records any asset, including equity securities and non-investment-grade debt so long as the asset is liquid, unencumbered and marked to market daily equal to the
market
value of the security or index on which the option is written. For options transactions, the prescribed amount will generally be the market value of the underlying instrument.
Options purchased are recorded as an asset and written options are recorded as liabilities to the extent of premiums paid or received. The amount of this asset or liability will be subsequently marked-to-market
to reflect the current value of the option purchased or written. The
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Immediately after entering into an opening option position, the total value of all open option positions based on exercise price will not exceed 10% of the Strategic Allocation Series’ total assets.
The Multi-Sector Fixed Income Series may only purchase a call option to terminate a previously written call option.
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current value of the traded option is the last sale price or, in the absence of a sale, the current bid price. If an option purchased by a Series expires unexercised, the Series will realize a loss equal to the premium paid. If a Series enters into a closing sale transaction on an option purchased by it, the Series will realize a gain if the premium received by the Series on the closing transaction is more than the premium paid to purchase the option, or a loss if it is less. If an option written by a Series expires on the stipulated expiration date or if a Series enters into a closing purchase transaction, it will realize a gain (or loss if the cost of a closing purchase transaction exceeds the net premium received when the option is sold), and the liability related to such option will be eliminated. If an option written by a Series is exercised, the proceeds of the sale will be increased by the net premium originally received and the Series will realize a gain or loss.
Options trading is a highly specialized activity that entails
more
complex and potentially
greater than ordinary investment risk. Options
may be more volatile than the underlying instruments and, therefore, on a percentage basis, an investment in options may be subject to greater fluctuation than an investment in the underlying instruments themselves.
There are several other risks associated with options. For example, there are significant differences among the securities,
currency,
volatility, credit default
and options markets that could result in an
imperfect correlation among these markets, causing a given transaction not to achieve its objectives. In addition, a liquid secondary market for particular options, whether traded over-the-counter or on an exchange, may be absent for reasons that include the following: there may be insufficient trading interest in certain options; restrictions may be imposed by an exchange on opening transactions or closing transactions or both; trading halts, suspensions or other restrictions may be imposed with respect to particular classes or series of options or underlying securities or currencies; unusual or unforeseen circumstances may interrupt normal operations on an exchange; the facilities of an exchange or the OCC may not at all times be adequate to handle current trading value; or one or more exchanges could, for economic or other reasons, decide or be compelled at some future date to discontinue the trading of options (or a particular class or series of options), in which event the secondary market on that exchange (or in that class or series of options) would cease to exist, although outstanding options that had been issued by the OCC as a result of trades on that exchange would continue to be exercisable in accordance with their terms.
The staff of the SEC currently takes the position that options not traded on registered domestic securities exchanges and the assets used to cover the amount of the Series’ obligation pursuant to such options are illiquid, and are therefore subject to each Series’ limitation on investments in illiquid securities. However, for options written with “primary dealers” in U.S. Government securities pursuant to an agreement requiring a closing transaction at the formula price, the amount considered to be illiquid may be calculated by reference to a formula price. (See “Illiquid and Restricted Securities” in this section of the SAI.)
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Options on Indexes and “Yield Curve” Options
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Each Series may enter into options on indexes or options on the “spread,” or yield differential, between two fixed income securities, in
transactions referred to as “yield curve” options. Options on indexes
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and yield curve options provide the holder with the right to make or receive a cash settlement upon exercise of the option. With respect to options on indexes, the amount of the settlement will equal the difference between the closing price of the index at the time of exercise and the exercise price of the option expressed in dollars, times a specified multiple. With respect to yield curve options, the amount of the settlement will equal the difference between the yields of designated securities.
With respect to yield curve options, a call or put option is covered if a Series holds another call or put, respectively, on the spread between the same two securities and maintains in a segregated account liquid assets sufficient to cover the Series’ net liability under the two options. Therefore, the Series’ liability for such a covered option is generally limited to the difference between the amount of the Series’ liability under the option it wrote less the value of the option it holds. A Series may also cover yield curve options in such other manner as may be in accordance with the requirements of the counterparty with which the option is traded and applicable laws and regulations.
The trading of these types of options is subject to all of the risks associated with the trading of other types of options. In addition, however, yield curve options present risk of loss even if the yield of one of the underlying securities remains constant, if the spread moves in a direction or to an extent which was not anticipated.
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Reset Options
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In certain instances, a Series may purchase or write options on U.S. Treasury securities, which provide for periodic adjustment of the strike price and may also provide for the periodic adjustment of the premium during the term of each such option. Like other types of options, these transactions, which may be referred to as “reset” options or “adjustable strike” options grant the purchaser the right to purchase (in the case of a call) or sell (in the case of a put), a specified type of U.S. Treasury security at any time up to a stated expiration date (or, in certain instances, on such date). In contrast to other types of options, however, the price at which the underlying security may be purchased or sold under a “reset” option is determined at various intervals during the term of the option, and such price fluctuates from interval to interval based on changes in the market value of the underlying security. As a result, the strike price of a “reset” option, at the time of exercise, may be less advantageous than if the strike price had been fixed at the initiation of the option. In addition, the premium paid for the purchase of the option may be determined at the termination, rather than the initiation, of the option. If the premium for a reset option written by a Series is paid at termination, the Series assumes the risk that (i) the premium may be less than the premium which would otherwise have been received at the initiation of the option because of such factors as the volatility in yield of the underlying Treasury security over the term of the option and adjustments made to the strike price of the option, and (ii) the option purchaser may default on its obligation to pay the premium at the termination of the option. Conversely, where a Series purchases a reset option, it could be required to pay a higher premium than would have been the case at the initiation of the option.
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Swaptions
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A Series may enter into swaption contracts, which give the right, but not the obligation, to buy or sell an underlying asset or instrument at a specified strike price on or before a specified date. Over-the-counter swaptions, although providing greater flexibility, may involve greater
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credit risk than exchange-traded options as they are not backed by the clearing organisation of the exchanges where they are traded, and as such, there is a risk that the seller will not settle as agreed. A Series’ financial liability associated with swaptions is linked to the marked-to-market value of the notional underlying investments. Purchased swaption contracts are exposed to a maximum loss equal to the price paid for the option/swaption (the premium) and no further liability. Written swaptions, however, give the right of potential exercise to a third party, and the maximum loss to the Series in the case of an uncovered swaption is unlimited.
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Swap Agreements
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Each Series may enter into
swap agreements on, among other things,
interest rates, indices, securities
and currency exchange
rates. A
Series' subadviser may use swaps in an attempt to obtain for the Series
a particular desired return at a lower cost to the Series than if
the Series had invested directly in an instrument that yielded that desired return. Swap agreements are two-party contracts entered into primarily by institutional investors for periods
typically
ranging from a
few weeks to more than one year. In a standard “swap” transaction, two parties agree to exchange the returns (or differentials in rates of return) earned or realized on particular predetermined investments or instruments. The gross returns to be exchanged or “swapped” between the parties are calculated with respect to a “notional amount,”
i.e.,
the return on or increase in value of a particular dollar amount
invested at a particular interest rate, in a particular foreign currency, or in a “basket” of securities representing a particular index. The “notional amount” of the swap agreement is only a fictive basis on which to calculate the obligations the parties to a swap agreement have agreed to exchange. A Series’ obligations (or rights) under a swap agreement will generally be equal only to the amount to be paid or received under the agreement based on the relative values of the positions held by each party to the agreement (the “net amount”). A Series’ obligations under a swap agreement will be accrued daily
on
the Series' accounting records
(offset against any amounts owing to
the Series) and any accrued but unpaid net amounts owed to a swap counterparty will be covered by specifically designating on the accounting records of the Series liquid assets to avoid leveraging of the Series’ portfolio.
Because swap agreements are two-party contracts and may have terms of greater than seven days, they may be considered to be illiquid and therefore subject to the Series’ limitations on investment in illiquid securities. (See “Illiquid and Restricted Securities” in this section of the SAI.) Moreover, the Series bears the risk of loss of the amount expected to be received under a swap agreement in the event of the default or bankruptcy of a swap agreement counterparty. A Series’ subadviser will cause the Series to enter into swap agreements only with counterparties that would be eligible for consideration as repurchase agreement counterparties under the Series’ repurchase agreement guidelines. (See “Repurchase Agreements” in this section of the SAI.) Certain restrictions imposed on the Series by the Code may limit the Series’ ability to use swap agreements. (See the “Dividends, Distributions and Taxes” section of this SAI.) The swaps market is a relatively new market and is largely unregulated. It is possible that developments in the swaps market, including potential government regulation, could adversely affect a Series’ ability to terminate existing swap agreements or to realize
amounts to be received under such agreements.
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Certain swap agreements are exempt from most provisions of the CEA and, therefore, are not regulated as futures or commodity option transactions under the CEA, pursuant to regulations of the CFTC. To qualify for this exemption, a swap agreement must be entered into by eligible participants and must meet certain conditions (each pursuant to the CEA and regulations of the CFTC). However, recent CFTC rule amendments dictate that certain swap agreements be considered commodity interests for purposes of the CEA. (See “Commodity Interests” in this section of the SAI for additional information regarding the implications of investments being considered commodity interests under the CEA.)
Recently, the SEC and the CFTC have developed
rules under the
Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act to create a new, comprehensive regulatory framework for swap
transactions.
Under the new regulations, certain swap transactions
will be required to be executed on a regulated trading platform and cleared through a derivatives clearing organization. Additionally, the new regulations
impose other requirements on the parties entering
into swap transactions, including requirements relating to posting margin, and reporting and documenting swap transactions. A Series engaging in swap transactions may incur additional expenses as a result of these new regulatory requirements. The Adviser is continuing to monitor the
implementation of the new regulations and to assess
their impact on the Series.
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Credit Default Swap Agreements
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Each Series may enter into credit default swap agreements. A credit
default swap is a bilateral financial contract in which one party (the protection buyer) pays a periodic fee in return for a contingent payment by the protection seller following a credit event of a reference issuer. The protection buyer must either sell particular obligations issued by the reference issuer for its par value (or some other designated reference or strike price) when a credit event occurs or receive a cash settlement based on the difference between the market price and such reference price. A credit event is commonly defined as bankruptcy, insolvency, receivership, material adverse restructuring of debt, or failure to meet payment obligations when due. A Series may be either the buyer or seller in the transaction. If a Series is a buyer and no event of default occurs, the Series loses its investment and recovers nothing; however, if an event of default occurs, the Series receives full notional value for a reference obligation that may have little or no value.
As a seller, a Series receives a
periodic fee
throughout the term of the contract,
provided there is no default event;
if an event of default occurs, the Series must pay the buyer the full notional value of the reference obligation. The value of the reference obligation received by the Series as a seller, coupled with the periodic payments previously received, may be less than the full notional value the Series pays to the buyer, resulting in a loss of value to the Series.
As with other swaps, when a Series enters into a credit default swap agreement, to the extent required by applicable law and regulation the Series will specifically designate on its accounting records any asset, including equity securities and non-investment-grade debt so long as the asset is liquid, unencumbered and marked to market daily, equal to the Series’ net exposure under the swap. If the Series is the buyer of the credit default swap and the Series holds at least the same principal amount of the referenced obligations as the notional amount for the purposes of the credit default swap, the obligations are
covered and no coverage is required; to the extent that the Series’
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notional exposure on the credit default exceeds the principal amount of the referenced security held by the Series, the Series must segregate liquid and unencumbered securities with a value equal to the buyer’s future payment obligations under the swap. If the Series is the seller of the credit default swap, the Series must segregate liquid and unencumbered securities with a value equal to the Series’ payment obligation in the event of a default on the referenced obligation.
Credit default swaps involve greater risks than if the
Series
had
invested in the reference obligation directly. In addition to general market risks, credit default swaps are subject to illiquidity risk, counterparty risk and credit risks. A Series will enter into swap agreements only with counterparties deemed creditworthy by the Series’ subadviser.
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Dividend Swap Agreements
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A dividend swap agreement is a financial instrument where two parties contract to exchange a set of future cash flows at set dates in the future. One party agrees to pay the other the future dividend flow on a stock or basket of stocks in an index, in return for which the other party gives the first call options. Dividend swaps generally are traded over the counter rather than on an exchange.
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Inflation Swap Agreements
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Inflation swap agreements are contracts in which one party agrees to pay the cumulative percentage increase in a price index (e.g., the Consumer Price Index with respect to CPI swaps) over the term of the swap (with some lag on the inflation index), while the other pays a compounded fixed rate. Inflation swap agreements may be used by a Series to hedge the inflation risk associated with non-inflation indexed investments, thereby creating “synthetic” inflation-indexed investments. One factor that may lead to changes in the values of inflation swap agreements is a change in real interest rates, which are tied to the relationship between nominal interest rates and the rate of inflation. If nominal interest rates increase at a faster rate than inflation, real interest rates may rise, which may lead to a decrease in value of an inflation swap agreement.
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Total Return Swap Agreements
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“Total return swap” is the generic name for any non-traditional swap where one party agrees to pay the other the “total return” of a defined underlying asset, usually in return for receiving a stream of cash flows based upon an agreed rate. A total return swap may be applied to any underlying asset but is most commonly used with equity indices, single stocks, bonds and defined portfolios of loans and mortgages. A total return swap is a mechanism for the user to accept the economic benefits of asset ownership without utilizing the balance sheet. The other leg of the swap, which is often LIBOR, is spread to reflect the non-balance sheet nature of the product. Total return swaps can be designed with any underlying asset agreed between the two parties. No notional amounts are exchanged with total return swaps.
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Variance and Correlation Swap Agreements
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Variance swap agreements are contracts in which two parties agree to exchange cash payments based on the difference between the stated level of variance and the actual variance realized on an underlying asset or index. “Actual variance” as used here is defined as the sum of the square of the returns on the reference asset or index (which in effect is a measure of its “volatility”) over the length of the contract term. In other words, the parties to a variance swap can be said to exchange actual volatility for a contractually stated rate of volatility. Correlation swap agreements are contracts in which two parties agree to exchange cash payments based on the differences
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between the stated and the actual correlation realized on the underlying equity securities within a given equity index. “Correlation” as used here is defined as the weighted average of the correlations between the daily returns of each pair of securities within a given equity index. If two assets are said to be closely correlated, it means that their daily returns vary in similar proportions or along similar trajectories. A Series may enter into variance or correlation swaps in an attempt to hedge equity market risk or adjust exposure to the equity markets.
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Equity Securities
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The Series may invest in equity securities. Equity securities include common stocks, preferred stocks and preference stocks; securities such as bonds, warrants or rights that are convertible into stocks; and depositary receipts for those securities.
Common stockholders are the owners of the company issuing the stock and, accordingly, usually have the right to vote on various corporate governance matters such as mergers. They are not creditors of the company, but rather, in the event of liquidation of the company, would be entitled to their pro rata shares of the company’s assets after creditors (including fixed income security holders) and, if applicable, preferred stockholders are paid. Preferred stock is a class of stock having a preference over common stock as to dividends or upon liquidation. A preferred stockholder is a shareholder in the company and not a creditor of the company as is a holder of the company’s fixed income securities. Dividends paid to common and preferred stockholders are distributions of the earnings or other surplus of the company and not interest payments, which are expenses of the company. Equity securities owned by the Series may be traded in the over-the-counter market or on a securities exchange and may not be traded every day or in the volume typical of securities traded on a major U.S. national securities exchange. As a result, disposition by the Series of a portfolio security to meet redemptions by shareholders or otherwise may require the Series to sell the security at less than the reported value of the security, to sell during periods when disposition is not desirable, or to make many small sales over a lengthy period of time. The market value of all securities, including equity securities, is based upon the market’s perception of value and not necessarily the book value of an issuer or other objective measure of a company’s worth.
Stock values may fluctuate in response to the activities of an individual company or in response to general market and/or economic conditions. Historically, common stocks have provided greater long-term returns and have entailed greater
short- term
risks than other
types of securities. Smaller or newer issuers may be more likely to realize more substantial growth or suffer more significant losses. Investments in these companies can be both more volatile and more speculative. Fluctuations in the value of equity securities in which a Series invests will cause the NAV of the Series to fluctuate.
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Securities of Small and Mid Capitalization Companies
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While small and medium-sized issuers in which a Series invests may offer greater opportunities for capital appreciation than larger market capitalization issuers, investments in such companies may involve greater risks and thus may be considered speculative. For example, smaller companies may have limited product lines, markets or financial resources, or they may be dependent on a limited management group. In addition, many small and mid-capitalization
company stocks trade less frequently and in smaller volume, and may
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be subject to more abrupt or erratic price movements, than stocks of larger companies. The securities of small and mid-capitalization companies may also be more sensitive to market changes than the securities of larger companies. When a Series invests in small or mid-capitalization companies, these factors may result in above-average fluctuations in the NAV of the Series’ shares. Therefore, a Series investing in such securities should be considered as a long-term investment and not as a vehicle for seeking short-term profits. Similarly, an investment in a Series
solely
investing in such securities
should not be considered a complete investment program.
Market capitalizations of companies in which the Series invest are determined at the time of purchase.
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Unseasoned Companies
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As a matter of operating policy, each Series may invest to a limited extent in securities of unseasoned companies and new issues. The Adviser regards a company as unseasoned when, for example, it is relatively new to, or not yet well established in, its primary line of business. Such companies generally are smaller and younger than companies whose shares are traded on the major stock exchanges. Accordingly, their shares are often traded over-the-counter and their share prices may be more volatile than those of larger, exchange-listed companies. Generally, the Series will not invest more than 5% of its total assets in securities of any one company with a record of fewer than three years’ continuous operation (including that of predecessors).
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Foreign Investing
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The Series may invest in a broad range of securities of foreign issuers, including equity, debt and convertible securities and foreign government securities. The Series may purchase the securities of issuers from various countries, including countries commonly referred to as “emerging markets.” The Series may also invest in domestic securities denominated in foreign currencies.
Investing in the securities of foreign companies involves special risks and considerations not typically associated with investing in U.S. companies. These include differences in accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards, generally higher commission rates on foreign portfolio transactions, the possibility of expropriation or confiscatory taxation, adverse changes in investment or exchange control regulations, political instability which could affect U.S. investments in foreign countries, and potential restrictions on the flow of international capital.
Foreign issuers may become subject to
sanctions imposed by the United States or another country, which could result in the immediate freeze of the foreign issuers’ assets or securities. The imposition of such sanctions could impair the market value of the securities of such foreign issuers and limit a Series’ ability to buy, sell, receive or deliver the securities.
Additionally, dividends
payable on foreign securities may be subject to foreign taxes withheld prior to distribution. Foreign securities often trade with less frequency and volume than domestic securities and therefore may exhibit greater price volatility. Changes in foreign exchange rates will affect the value of those securities which are denominated or quoted in currencies other than the U.S. dollar. Many of the foreign securities held by a Series will not be registered with, nor will the issuers thereof be subject to the reporting requirements of, the SEC. Accordingly, there may be less publicly available information about the securities and about the foreign company or government issuing them than is
available about a domestic company or government entity. Moreover,
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individual foreign economies may differ favorably or unfavorably from the United States economy in such respects as growth of Gross National Product, rate of inflation, capital reinvestment, resource self-sufficiency and balance of payment positions. Finally, the Series may encounter difficulty in obtaining and enforcing judgments against issuers of foreign securities.
Securities of U.S. issuers denominated in foreign currencies may be less liquid and their prices more volatile than securities issued by domestic issuers and denominated in U.S. dollars. In addition, investing in securities denominated in foreign currencies often entails costs not associated with investment in U.S. dollar-denominated securities of U.S. issuers, such as the cost of converting foreign currency to U.S. dollars, higher brokerage commissions, custodial expenses and other fees. Non-U.S. dollar denominated securities may be subject to certain withholding and other taxes of the relevant jurisdiction, which may reduce the yield on the securities to the Series and which may not be recoverable by the Series or their investors.
The Trust may use
an eligible
foreign custodian in connection with its
purchases of foreign securities and may maintain cash and cash equivalents in the care of a foreign custodian. The amount of cash or cash equivalents maintained in the care of eligible foreign custodians will be limited to an amount reasonably necessary to effect the Trust’s foreign securities transactions. The use of a foreign custodian invokes considerations which are not ordinarily associated with domestic custodians. These considerations include the possibility of expropriations, restricted access to books and records of the foreign custodian, inability to recover assets that are lost while under the control of the foreign custodian, and the impact of political, social or diplomatic developments.
Settlement procedures relating to the Series’ investments in foreign securities and to the Series’ foreign currency exchange transactions may be more complex than settlements with respect to investments in debt or equity securities of U.S. issuers, and may involve certain risks not present in the Series’ domestic investments. For example, settlement of transactions involving foreign securities or foreign currency may occur within a foreign country, and a Series may be required to accept or make delivery of the underlying securities or currency in conformity with any applicable U.S. or foreign restrictions or regulations, and may be required to pay any fees, taxes or charges associated with such delivery. Such investments may also involve the risk that an entity involved in the settlement may not meet its obligations. Settlement procedures in many foreign countries are less established than those in the United States, and some foreign country settlement periods can be significantly longer than those in the United States.
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Depositary Receipts
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Each Series permitted to hold foreign securities may also hold ADRs, ADSs, GDRs and EDRs. ADRs and ADSs typically are issued by an American bank or trust company and evidence ownership of underlying securities issued by a foreign corporation. EDRs, which are sometimes referred to as CDRs, are issued in Europe typically by foreign banks and trust companies and evidence ownership of either foreign or domestic securities. GDRs are similar to EDRs and are designed for use in several international financial markets. Generally, ADRs and ADSs in registered form are designed for use in United States securities markets and EDRs in bearer form are designed for
use in European securities markets. For purposes of a Series’
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investment policies, its investments in ADRs, ADSs, GDRs and EDRs will be deemed to be investments in the underlying foreign securities.
Depositary Receipts may be issued pursuant to sponsored or unsponsored programs. In sponsored programs, an issuer has made arrangements to have its securities traded in the form of Depositary Receipts. In unsponsored programs, the issuer may not be directly involved in the creation of the program. Although regulatory requirements with respect to sponsored and unsponsored programs are generally similar, in some cases it may be easier to obtain financial information from an issuer that has participated in the creation of a sponsored program. Accordingly, there may be less information available regarding issuers of securities underlying unsponsored programs and there may not be a correlation between such information and the market value of the Depositary Receipts. For purposes of the Series’ investment policies, investments in Depositary Receipts will be deemed to be investments in the underlying securities. Thus, a Depositary Receipt representing ownership of common stock will be treated as common stock.
Depositary
Receipts
are generally subject to the same sort of risks as
direct investments in a foreign country, such as currency risk, political and economic risk, and market risk, because their values
generally
depend on the performance of a foreign security denominated in its home currency. (The risks of foreign investing are addressed above in this section of the SAI under the heading “Foreign Investing.”) In addition to risks associated with the underlying portfolio of securities, receipt holders also must consider credit standings of the custodians and broker/dealer sponsors. The receipts are not registered with the SEC and qualify as Rule 144A securities which may make them more difficult and costly to sell. (For information about Rule 144A securities, see “Illiquid and Restricted Securities” in this section of the SAI.)
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Emerging Market Securities
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The Series may invest in countries or regions with relatively low gross national product per capita compared to the world’s major economies, and in countries or regions with the potential for rapid economic growth (emerging markets). Emerging markets will include any country: (i) having an “emerging stock market” as defined by the International Finance Corporation; (ii) with low-to-middle-income economies according to the World Bank; (iii) listed in World Bank publications as developing; or (iv) determined by the adviser to be an emerging market as defined above.
Certain emerging market countries are either comparatively underdeveloped or are in the process of becoming developed and may consequently be economically dependent on a relatively few or closely interdependent industries. A high proportion of the securities of many emerging market issuers may also be held by a limited number of large investors trading significant blocks of securities. While a Series’ subadviser will strive to be sensitive to publicized reversals of economic conditions, political unrest and adverse changes in trading status, unanticipated political and social developments may affect the values of the Series’ investments in such countries and the availability of additional investments in such countries.
The risks of investing in foreign securities may be intensified in the case of investments in emerging markets. Securities of many issuers in emerging markets may be less liquid and more volatile than
securities of comparable domestic issuers. Emerging markets also
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have different clearance and settlement procedures, and in certain markets there have been times when settlements have been unable to keep pace with the volume of securities transactions, making it difficult to conduct such transactions. Delays in settlement could result in temporary periods when a portion of the assets of a Series is uninvested and no return is earned thereon. The inability of a Series to make intended security purchases due to settlement problems could cause the Series to miss attractive investment opportunities. Inability to dispose of portfolio securities due to settlement problems could result either in losses to the Series due to subsequent declines in value of portfolio securities or, if a Series has entered into a contract to sell the security, in possible liability to the purchaser. Securities prices in emerging markets can be significantly more volatile than in the more developed nations of the world, reflecting the greater uncertainties of investing in less established markets and economies. In particular, countries with emerging markets may have relatively unstable governments, present the risk of nationalization of businesses, restrictions on foreign ownership, or prohibitions of repatriation of assets, and may have less protection of property rights than more developed countries.
Certain emerging markets may require governmental approval for the repatriation of investment income, capital or the proceeds of sales of securities by foreign investors. In addition, a country could impose temporary restrictions on foreign capital remittances, whether because deterioration occurs in an emerging market’s balance of payments or for other reasons. The Series could be adversely affected by delays in, or a refusal to grant, any required governmental approval for repatriation of capital, as well as by the application to the Series of any restrictions on investments.
Investments in certain foreign emerging market debt obligations may be restricted or controlled to varying degrees. These restrictions or controls may at times preclude investment in certain foreign emerging market debt obligations and increase the expenses of the Series.
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Foreign Currency Transactions
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When investing in securities denominated in foreign currencies, the Series will be subject to the additional risk of currency fluctuations. An adverse change in the value of a particular foreign currency as against the U.S. dollar, to the extent that such change is not offset by a gain in other foreign currencies, will result in a decrease in the Series’ assets. Any such change may also have the effect of decreasing or limiting the income available for distribution. Foreign currencies may be affected by revaluation, adverse political and economic developments, and governmental restrictions.
Further,
no
assurance can be given that currency exchange controls will not be imposed on any particular currency at a later date.
As a result of its investments in foreign securities, a Series may receive interest or dividend payments, or the proceeds of the sale or redemption of such securities, in the foreign currencies in which such securities are denominated. In that event, the Series may convert such currencies into dollars at the then current exchange rate. Under certain circumstances, however, such as where the Series’ subadviser believes that the applicable rate is unfavorable at the time the currencies are received or the Series’ subadviser anticipates, for any other reason, that the exchange rate will improve, the Series may
hold such currencies for an indefinite period of time.
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In addition, a Series may be required to receive delivery of the foreign currency underlying forward foreign currency contracts it has entered into. This could occur, for example, if an option written by the Series is exercised or the Series is unable to close out a forward contract. A Series may hold foreign currency in anticipation of purchasing foreign securities.
A Series may also elect to take delivery of the currencies’ underlying options or forward contracts if, in the judgment of the Series’ subadviser, it is in the best interest of the Series to do so. In such instances as well, the Series may convert the foreign currencies to dollars at the then current exchange rate, or may hold such currencies for an indefinite period of time.
While the holding of currencies will permit a Series to take advantage of favorable movements in the applicable exchange rate, it also exposes the Series to risk of loss if such rates move in a direction adverse to the Series’ position. Such losses could reduce any profits or increase any losses sustained by the Series from the sale or redemption of securities, and could reduce the dollar value of interest or dividend payments received. In addition, the holding of currencies could adversely affect the Series’ profit or loss on currency options or forward contracts, as well as its hedging strategies.
When a Series effects foreign currency exchange transactions on a spot
(i.e.,
cash) basis at the spot rate prevailing in the foreign
exchange market, the Series incurs expenses in converting assets from one currency to another. A Series may also effect other types of foreign currency exchange transactions, which have their own risks and costs. For information about such transactions, please see “Foreign Currency Forward Contracts, Futures and Options” under “Derivatives” in this section of the SAI.
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Foreign Investment Companies
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Some of the countries in which the Series may
invest
may not permit,
or may place economic restrictions on, direct investment by outside investors. Investments in such countries may be permitted only through foreign government-approved or -authorized investment vehicles, which may include other investment companies. These funds may also invest in other investment companies that invest in foreign securities. Investing through such vehicles may involve frequent or layered fees or expenses and may also be subject to limitation under the 1940 Act. As a shareholder of another investment company, the Series would bear, along with other shareholders, its pro rata portion of the other investment company’s expenses, including advisory fees. Those expenses would be in addition to the advisory and other expenses that the Series bears directly in connection with its own operations. For additional information, see “Mutual Fund Investing” in this section of the SAI.
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Privatizations
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The governments of some foreign countries have been engaged in programs of selling part or all of their stakes in government owned or controlled enterprises (“privatizations”). Privatizations may offer opportunities for significant capital appreciation. In certain foreign countries, the ability of foreign entities such as the Series to participate in privatizations may be limited by local law, or the terms on which a Series may be permitted to participate may be less advantageous than those for local investors. There can be no assurance that foreign governments will continue to sell companies
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currently owned or controlled by them or that privatization programs will be successful.
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Funding Agreements
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Each Series may invest in funding agreements, which are insurance contracts between an investor and the issuing insurance company. For the issuer, they represent senior obligations under an insurance product. For the investor, and from a regulatory perspective, these agreements are treated as securities. These agreements, like other insurance products, are backed by claims on the general assets of the issuing entity and rank on the same priority level as other policy holder claims. Funding agreements typically are issued with a one-year final maturity and a variable interest rate, which may adjust weekly, monthly, or quarterly. Some agreements carry a seven-day put feature. A funding agreement without this feature is considered illiquid and will therefore be subject to the Series’ limitations on investments in illiquid securities. (See “Illiquid and Restricted Securities” in this section of the SAI.) Funding agreements are regulated by the state insurance board of the state where they are executed.
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Guaranteed Investment Contracts
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Each Series may invest in GICs issued by U.S. and Canadian insurance companies. A GIC requires the investor to make cash contributions to a deposit fund of an insurance company’s general account. The insurance company then makes payments to the investor based on negotiated, floating or fixed interest rates. A GIC is a general obligation of the issuing insurance company and not a separate account. The purchase price paid for a GIC becomes part of the general assets of the insurance company, and the contract is paid from the insurance company’s general assets. Generally, a GIC is not assignable or transferable without the permission of the issuing insurance company, and an active secondary market in GICs does not currently exist. Therefore, these investments may be deemed to be illiquid, in which case they will be subject to the Series’ limitations on investments in illiquid securities. (See “Illiquid and Restricted Securities” in this section of the SAI.)
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Illiquid and Restricted Securities
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Each Series may invest up to 15% of its net assets in securities that are considered illiquid. Historically, illiquid securities have included securities subject to contractual or legal restrictions on resale because they have not been registered under the 1933 Act (“restricted securities”), securities that are otherwise not readily marketable, such as over-the-counter options, and repurchase agreements not entitling the holder to payment of principal in seven days. Such securities may offer higher yields than comparable publicly traded securities, and they also may incur higher risks.
Repurchase agreements, reverse repurchase agreements and time deposits that do not provide for payment to the Series within seven days after notice or which have a term greater than seven days are deemed illiquid securities for this purpose unless such securities are variable amount master demand notes with maturities of nine months or less or unless the Series’ subadviser has determined that an adequate trading market exists for such securities or that market quotations are readily available.
The Series may purchase Rule 144A securities sold to institutional investors without registration under the 1933 Act and commercial paper issued in reliance upon the exemption in Section 4(2) of the 1933 Act, for which an institutional market has developed. Institutional
investors depend on an efficient institutional market in which the
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unregistered security can be readily resold or on the issuer’s ability to honor a demand for repayment of the unregistered security.
Although the securities described in this section generally will be considered illiquid, a security’s contractual or legal restrictions on resale to the general public or to certain institutions may not be indicative of the liquidity of the security and therefore these securities may be determined to be liquid in accordance with guidelines established by the
Board.
The Trustees have delegated to each
Series’ subadviser the day-to-day determination of the liquidity of such securities in the respective Series’ portfolio, although they have retained oversight and ultimate responsibility for such determinations. Although no definite quality criteria are used, the Trustees have directed the subadvisers to consider such factors as (i) the nature of the market for a security (including the institutional private resale markets); (ii) the terms of these securities or other instruments allowing for the disposition to a third party or the issuer thereof
(e.g.
certain repurchase obligations and demand instruments); (iii)
availability of market quotations; and (iv) other permissible factors.
The Trustees monitor implementation of the guidelines on a periodic basis.
If illiquid securities exceed 15% of a Series’ net assets after the time of purchase, the Series will take steps to reduce in an orderly fashion its holdings of illiquid securities. Because illiquid securities may not be readily marketable, the relevant Series’ subadviser may not be able to dispose of them in a timely manner. As a result, the Series may be forced to hold illiquid securities while their price depreciates. Depreciation in the price of illiquid securities may cause the NAV of the Series holding them to decline. A security that is determined by a Series’ subadviser to be liquid may subsequently revert to being illiquid if not enough buyer interest exists.
Restricted securities ordinarily can be sold by the Series in secondary market transactions to certain qualified investors pursuant to rules established by the SEC, in privately negotiated transactions to a limited number of purchasers or in a public offering made pursuant to an effective registration statement under the 1933 Act. When registration is required, the Series may be obligated to pay all or part of the registration expenses and a considerable time may elapse between the decision to sell and the sale date. If, during such period, adverse market conditions were to develop, the Series might obtain a less favorable price than the price which prevailed when it decided to sell.
Restricted securities will be priced at fair value as determined in good faith by the Trustees or their delegate.
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Leverage
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Each Series may employ investment techniques that create leverage, either by using borrowed capital to increase the amount invested, or investing in instruments, including derivatives, where the investment loss can exceed the original amount invested. Certain investments or trading strategies that involve leverage can result in losses that greatly exceed the amount originally invested.
The SEC takes the position that transactions that have a leveraging effect on the capital structure of a mutual fund or are economically equivalent to borrowing can be viewed as constituting a form of borrowing by the fund for purposes of the 1940 Act. These transactions can include buying and selling certain derivatives (such
as futures contracts); selling (or writing) put and call options; engaging
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in sale-buybacks; entering into firm-commitment and stand-by commitment agreements; engaging in when-issued, delayed-delivery, or forward-commitment transactions; and other similar trading practices (additional discussion about a number of these transactions can be found throughout this section of the SAI). As a result, when a Series enters into such transactions the transactions may be subject to the same requirements and restrictions as borrowing. (See “Borrowing” below for additional information.)
The following are some of the Series’ permitted investment techniques that are generally viewed as creating leverage for the Series.
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Borrowing
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A Series’ ability to borrow money is limited by its investment policies and limitations, by the 1940 Act, and by applicable exemptions, no-action letters, interpretations, and other pronouncements issued from time to time by the SEC and its staff or any other regulatory authority with jurisdiction. Under the 1940 Act, a Series is required to maintain continuous asset coverage (that is, total assets including borrowings, less liabilities exclusive of borrowings) of 300% of the amount borrowed, with an exception for borrowings not in excess of 5% of the Series’ total assets made for temporary or emergency purposes. Any borrowings for temporary purposes in excess of 5% of the Series’ total assets must maintain continuous asset coverage. If the 300% asset coverage should decline as a result of market fluctuations or for other reasons, a Series may be required to sell some of its portfolio holdings within three days (excluding Sundays and holidays) to reduce the debt and restore the 300% asset coverage, even though it may be disadvantageous from an investment standpoint to sell securities at that time.
Borrowing will tend to exaggerate the effect on net asset value of any increase or decrease in the market value of a Series’ portfolio. Money borrowed will be subject to interest costs that may or may not be recovered by earnings on the securities purchased. A Series also may be required to maintain minimum average balances in connection with a borrowing or to pay a commitment or other fee to maintain a line of credit; either of these requirements would increase the cost of borrowing over the stated interest rate.
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No Series may borrow money, except (i) in amounts not to exceed one-third of the value of the Series’ total assets (including the amount borrowed) from banks, and (ii) up to an additional 5% of its total assets from banks or other lenders for temporary purposes. For purposes of this restriction, (a) investment techniques such as margin purchases, short sales, forward commitments, and roll transactions, (b) investments in instruments such as futures contracts, swaps, and options, and (c) short-term credits extended in connection with trade clearances and settlement shall not constitute borrowing.
The Growth & Income Series may not borrow money except from banks for temporary purposes.
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Mortgage “Dollar-Roll” Transactions
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Each Series may enter into mortgage “dollar-roll” transactions pursuant to which it sells mortgage-backed securities for delivery in the future and simultaneously contracts to repurchase substantially similar securities on a specified future date. During the roll period, the Series foregoes principal and interest paid on the mortgage-backed securities. The Series is compensated for the lost interest by the difference between the current sales price and the lower price for the
future purchase (often referred to as the “drop”) as well as by the
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interest earned on, and gains from, the investment of the cash proceeds of the initial sale. The Series may also be compensated by receipt of a commitment fee. If the income and capital gains from the Series’ investment of the cash from the initial sale do not exceed the income, capital appreciation and gain or loss that would have been realized on the securities sold as part of the dollar roll, the use of this technique will diminish the investment performance of the Series compared with what the performance would have been without the use of the dollar roll.
Dollar-roll transactions involve the risk that the market value of the securities the Series is required to purchase may decline below the agreed upon repurchase price of those securities. If the broker/dealer to whom the Series sells securities becomes insolvent, the Series’ right to purchase or repurchase securities may be restricted. Successful use of dollar rolls may depend upon the Series’ subadviser’s ability to correctly predict interest rates and prepayments. There is no assurance that dollar rolls can be successfully employed.
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Reverse Repurchase Agreements
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Reverse repurchase agreements are transactions in which the Series sells a security and simultaneously commits to repurchase that security from the buyer, such as a bank or broker-dealer, at an agreed upon price on an agreed upon future date. The resale price in a reverse repurchase agreement reflects a market rate of interest that is not related to the coupon rate or maturity of the sold security. For certain demand agreements, there is no agreed upon repurchase date and interest payments are calculated daily, often based upon the prevailing overnight repurchase rate.
Generally, a reverse repurchase agreement enables the Series to recover for the term of the reverse repurchase agreement all or most of the cash invested in the portfolio securities sold and to keep the interest income associated with those portfolio securities. Such transactions are only advantageous if the interest cost to the Series of the reverse repurchase transaction is less than the cost of obtaining the cash otherwise. In addition, interest costs on the money received in a reverse repurchase agreement may exceed the return received on the investments made by the Series with those monies. Using reverse repurchase agreements to earn additional income involves the risk that the interest earned on the invested proceeds is less than the expense of the reverse repurchase agreement transaction.
While a reverse repurchase agreement is outstanding, the Series will maintain cash and appropriate liquid assets in a segregated custodial account to cover its obligation under the agreement. A Series will enter into reverse repurchase agreements only with parties that the Series’ subadviser deems creditworthy.
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Money Market Instruments
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Each Series may invest in money market instruments, which are high-quality short-term investments. The types of money market instruments most commonly acquired by the Series are discussed below, although each Series is also permitted to invest in other types of money market instruments to the extent consistent with the Series’ investment limitations and restrictions.
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Bankers’ Acceptances
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A bankers’ acceptance is a time draft drawn on a commercial bank by a borrower usually in connection with an international commercial transaction (to finance the import, export, transfer or storage of goods). The borrower, as well as the bank, is liable for payment, and
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the bank unconditionally guarantees to pay the draft at its face amount on the maturity date. Most acceptances have maturities of six months or less and are traded in secondary markets prior to maturity.
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Certificates of Deposit
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Certificates of deposit are generally short-term, interest-bearing negotiable certificates issued by banks or savings and loan associations against funds deposited in the issuing institution. They generally may be withdrawn on demand but may be subject to early withdrawal penalties which could reduce the Series’ yield. Deposits subject to early withdrawal penalties or that mature in more than seven days are treated as illiquid securities if there is no readily available market for the securities.
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Commercial Paper
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Commercial paper refers to short-term, unsecured promissory notes issued by corporations to finance short-term credit needs. Commercial paper is usually sold on a discount basis and has a maturity at the time of issuance not exceeding nine months.
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Obligations of Foreign Banks and Foreign Branches of U.S. Banks
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The money market instruments in which the Series may invest include negotiable certificates of deposit, bankers’ acceptances and time deposits of foreign branches of U.S. banks, foreign banks and their non-U.S. branches (Eurodollars), U.S. branches and agencies of foreign banks (Yankee dollars), and wholly-owned banking-related subsidiaries of foreign banks. For the purposes of each Series’ investment policies with respect to money market instruments, obligations of foreign branches of U.S. banks and of foreign banks are obligations of the issuing bank and may be general obligations of the parent bank. Such obligations, however, may be limited by the terms of a specific obligation and by government regulation. As with investment in non-U.S. securities in general, investments in the obligations of foreign branches of U.S. banks and of foreign banks may subject a Series to investment risks that are different in some respects from those of investments in obligations of domestic issuers.
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Time Deposits
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Time deposits are deposits in a bank or other financial institution for a specified period of time at a fixed interest rate for which a negotiable certificate is not received.
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U.S. Government Obligations
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Securities issued or guaranteed as to principal and interest by the United States Government include a variety of Treasury securities, which differ only in their interest rates, maturities, and times of issuance. Treasury bills have maturities of one year or less. Treasury notes have maturities of one to ten years, and Treasury bonds generally have maturities of greater than ten years.
Agencies of the United States Government which issue or guarantee obligations include, among others, Export-Import Bank of the United States, Farmers Home Administration, Federal Housing Administration, GNMA, Maritime Administration, Small Business Administration and The Tennessee Valley Authority. Obligations of instrumentalities of the United States Government include securities issued or guaranteed by, among others, FNMA, Federal Home Loan Banks, FHLMC, Federal Intermediate Credit Banks, Banks for Cooperatives, and the U.S. Postal Service. Some of these securities are supported by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Government, others are supported by the right of the issuer to borrow from the Treasury, while still others are supported only by the credit of the instrumentality. There is no guarantee that the U.S. Government will provide financial support to its agencies or instrumentalities, now or in the future, if it is not obligated to do so by law. Accordingly, although
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these securities have historically involved little risk of loss of principal if held to maturity, they may involve more risk than securities backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Government because the Series must look principally to the agency or instrumentality issuing or guaranteeing the securities for repayment and may not be able to assert a claim against the United States if the agency or instrumentality does not meet its commitment.
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Mutual Fund Investing
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Each Series is authorized to invest in the securities of other investment companies subject to the limitations contained in the 1940 Act.
Investment companies in which the Series may invest may include ETFs. An ETF is an investment company classified as an open-end investment company or unit investment trust that is traded similarly to a publicly traded company. Most ETFs seek to achieve the same return as a particular market index. That type of ETF is similar to an index fund in that it will primarily invest in the securities of companies that are included in a selected market index. An index-based ETF will invest in
all of the securities
included in the index,
a representative
sample of the securities included in the
index, or other investments
expected to produce returns substanially similar to that of the
index.
Other types of ETFs include leveraged or inverse ETFs, which are ETFs that seek to achieve a daily return that is a multiple or an inverse multiple of the daily return of a securities index. An important characteristic of these ETFs is that they seek to achieve their stated objectives on a daily basis, and their performance over longer periods of time can differ significantly from the multiple or inverse multiple of the index performance over those longer periods of time. ETFs also include actively managed ETFs that pursue active management strategies and publish their portfolio holdings on a
frequent
basis.
In connection with the management of its daily cash positions, each Series may invest in securities issued by investment companies that invest in short-term debt securities (which may include municipal obligations that are exempt from
Federal
income taxes) and that seek
to maintain a $1.00 NAV per share.
In certain countries, investments by the Series may only be made through investments in other investment companies that, in turn, are authorized to invest in the securities that are issued in such countries.
(See “Foreign Investment Companies” under “Foreign Investing” in this section of the SAI.)
Under the 1940 Act, a Series may not own more than 3% of the outstanding voting stock of an investment company, invest more than 5% of its total assets in any one investment company, or invest more than 10% of its total assets in the securities of investment companies. In some instances, a Series may invest in an investment company in excess of these limits; for instance, with respect to investments in money market funds or investments made pursuant to an exemptive order granted by the SEC. Many ETFs have obtained exemptive relief from the SEC to permit unaffiliated funds to invest in the ETF’s shares beyond the statutory limitations discussed above, subject to certain conditions. The Series may rely on these exemptive orders to invest in unaffiliated ETFs. In addition to this, the Trust has obtained exemptive relief permitting the Series to exceed the limitations with respect to investments in affiliated and unaffiliated funds that are not themselves
funds of funds, subject to certain conditions.
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The risks associated with investing in other investment companies generally reflect the risks of owning shares of the underlying securities in which those investment companies invest, although lack of liquidity in an investment company could result in its value being more volatile than the underlying portfolio of securities. For purposes of complying with investment policies requiring a Series to invest a percentage of its assets in a certain type of investments (e.g., stocks of small capitalization companies), the Series generally will look through an investment company in which it invests, to categorize the investment company in accordance with the types of investments the investment company holds.
Certain investment companies in which the Series may invest may be considered commodity pools under the CEA and applicable CFTC regulations. If a Series invests in such an investment company, the Series will be required to treat some or all of its holding of the investment company’s shares as a commodity interest for the purposes of determining whether the Series is qualified to claim exclusion or exemption from regulation by the CFTC. (See “Commodity Interests” in this section of the SAI for additional information regarding the implications to the Series of investing in commodity interests.)
Investors in each Series should recognize that when a Series invests in another investment company, the Series will bear its pro rata portion of the other investment company’s expenses, including advisory fees, in addition to the expenses the Series bears directly in connection with its own operations.
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Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs)
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Each Series may invest in REITs. REITs pool investors’ funds for investment primarily in income producing commercial real estate or real estate related loans. A REIT is not taxed on income distributed to shareholders if it complies with several requirements relating to its organization, ownership, assets, and income and a requirement that it distribute to its shareholders at least 90% of its taxable income (other than net capital gains) for each taxable year.
REITs can generally be classified as follows:
•
•
•
REITs are like closed-end investment companies in that they are essentially holding companies. An investor should realize that by investing in REITs indirectly through the Series, he will bear not only his proportionate share of the expenses of the Series, but also, indirectly, similar expenses of the underlying REITs. (See “Mutual Fund Investing” in this section of the SAI.)
Selecting REITs requires an evaluation of the merits of each type of asset a particular REIT owns, as well as regional and local economics. Due to the proliferation of REITs in recent years and the relative lack of sophistication of certain REIT managers, the quality of REIT assets has varied significantly. The risks associated with REITs
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Investment Technique
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Description and Risks
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Fund-Specific Limitations
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are similar to those associated with the direct ownership of real estate. These include declines in the value of real estate, risks related to general and local economic conditions, dependence on management skill, cash flow dependence, possible lack of availability of long-term mortgage funds, over-building, extended vacancies of properties, decreased occupancy rates and increased competition, increases in property taxes and operating expenses, changes in neighborhood values and the appeal of the properties to tenants and changes in interest rates.
Equity REITs may be affected by changes in the value of the underlying properties they own, while mortgage REITs may be affected by the quality of any credit extended. Further, equity and mortgage REITs are dependent upon management skills and generally are not diversified. Equity and mortgage REITs are also subject to potential defaults by borrowers, self-liquidation, and the possibility of failing to qualify for tax-free status of income under the Code and failing to maintain exemption from the 1940 Act. In the event of a default by a borrower or lessee, the REIT may experience delays in enforcing its rights as a mortgagee or lessor and may incur substantial costs associated with protecting its investments. In addition, investment in REITs could cause the Series to possibly fail to qualify as a regulated investment company. (See the “Dividends, Distributions and Taxes” section of the SAI.)
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Repurchase Agreements
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Each Series may enter into repurchase agreements by which the Series purchases portfolio securities subject to the seller’s agreement to repurchase them at a mutually agreed upon time and price. The repurchase price may be higher than the purchase price, the difference being income to the Series, or the purchase and repurchase price may be the same, with interest payable to the Series at a stated rate together with the repurchase price on repurchase. In either case, the income to the Series is unrelated to the interest rate on the security.
A repurchase agreement must be collateralized by obligations that could otherwise be purchased by the Series (except with respect to maturity), and these must be maintained by the seller in a segregated account for the Series. The value of such collateral will be monitored throughout the term of the repurchase agreement in an attempt to ensure that the market value of the collateral always equals or exceeds the repurchase price (including accrued interest). If the value of the collateral dips below such repurchase price, additional collateral will be requested and, when received, added to the account to maintain full collateralization.
Repurchase agreements will be entered into with commercial banks, brokers and dealers considered by the relevant Series’ subadviser to be creditworthy. However, the use of repurchase agreements involves certain risks such as default by, or insolvency of, the other party to the transaction. The Series also might incur disposition costs in connection with liquidating the underlying securities or enforcing its rights.
Typically, repurchase agreements are in effect for one week or less, but they may be in effect for longer periods of time.
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Repurchase agreements of more than seven days’ duration are subject to each Series’ limitation on investments in illiquid securities, which means that no more than 15% of the market value of a Series’ total assets may be invested in repurchase agreements with a maturity of more than seven days and in other illiquid securities.
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Securities Lending
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Subject to certain investment restrictions, each Series may, subject to the Trustees’ and Trust Treasurer’s approval, lend securities from its
portfolio to brokers, dealers and financial institutions deemed
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Investment Technique
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Description and Risks
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Fund-Specific Limitations
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creditworthy and receive, as collateral, cash or cash equivalents which at all times while the loan is outstanding will be maintained in amounts equal to at least 100% of the current market value of the loaned securities. Any cash collateral will be invested in short-term securities that will increase the current income of the Series lending its securities. A Series will have the right to regain record ownership of loaned securities to exercise beneficial rights such as voting rights and subscription rights. While a securities loan is outstanding, the Series is to receive an amount equal to any dividends, interest or other distributions with respect to the loaned securities. A Series may pay reasonable fees to persons unaffiliated with the Trust for services in arranging such loans.
Even though securities lending usually does not impose market risks on the lending Series, as with any extension of credit, there are risks of delay in recovery of the loaned securities and in some cases loss of rights in the collateral should the borrower of the securities fail financially. In addition, the value of the collateral taken as security for the securities loaned may decline in value or may be difficult to convert to cash in the event that a Series must rely on the collateral to recover the value of the securities. Moreover, if the borrower of the securities is insolvent, under current bankruptcy law, the Series could be ordered by a court not to liquidate the collateral for an indeterminate period of time. If the borrower is the subject of insolvency proceedings and the collateral held might not be liquidated, the result could be a material adverse impact on the liquidity of the lending Series.
No Series will lend securities having a value in excess of 33 1/3% of its assets, including collateral received for loaned securities (valued at the time of any loan).
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Short Sales
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Each Series may sell securities short as part of its overall portfolio management strategies involving the use of derivative instruments and to offset potential declines in long positions in similar securities. A short sale is a transaction in which a Series sells a security it does not own or have the right to acquire, or that it owns but does not wish to deliver, in anticipation that the market price of that security will decline. A short sale is “against the box” to the extent the Series contemporaneously owns, or has the right to obtain at no added cost, securities identical to those sold short. All other short sales are commonly referred to as “naked” short sales.
When a Series makes a short sale, the broker-dealer through which the short sale is made must borrow the security sold short and deliver it to the party purchasing the security. The Series is required to make a margin deposit in connection with such short sales; the Series may have to pay a fee to borrow particular securities and will often be obligated to pay over any dividends and accrued interest on borrowed securities. If the price of the security sold short increases between the time of the short sale and the time the Series covers its short position, the Series will incur a loss; conversely, if the price declines, the Series will realize a capital gain. Any gain will be decreased, and any loss increased, by the transaction costs described above. The successful use of short selling may be adversely affected by imperfect correlation between movements in the price of the security sold short and the
securities being hedged.
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Investment Technique
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Description and Risks
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Fund-Specific Limitations
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If a Series sells securities short against the box, it may protect unrealized gains, but will lose the opportunity to profit on such securities if the price rises. If a Series engages in naked short sales, the Series’ risk of loss could be as much as the maximum attainable price of the security (which could be limitless) less the price paid by the Series for the security at the time it was borrowed.
When a Series sells securities short, to the extent required by applicable law and regulation the Series will “cover” the short sale, which generally means that the Series will segregate any asset, including equity securities and non-investment-grade debt so long as the asset is liquid, unencumbered and marked to market daily, equal to the market value of the securities sold short, reduced by any amount deposited as margin. Alternatively, the Series may “cover” a short sale by (a) owning the underlying securities, (b) owning securities currently convertible into the underlying securities at an exercise price equal to or less than the current market price of the underlying securities, or (c) owning a purchased call option on the underlying securities with an exercise price equal to or less than the price at which the underlying securities were sold short.
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Special Situations
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Each Series may invest in special situations that the Series’ subadviser believes present opportunities for capital growth. Such situations most typically include corporate restructurings, mergers, and tender offers.
A special situation arises when, in the opinion of the Series’ subadviser, the securities of a particular company will, within a reasonably estimable period of time, be accorded market recognition at an appreciated value solely by reason of a development particularly or uniquely applicable to that company and regardless of general business conditions or movements of the market as a whole. Developments creating special situations might include, among others, the following: liquidations, reorganizations, recapitalizations, mergers, or tender offers; material litigation or resolution thereof; technological breakthroughs; and new management or management policies. Although large and well-known companies may be involved, special situations often involve much greater risk than is inherent in ordinary investment securities.
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Temporary Investments
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When business or financial conditions warrant, each Series may assume a temporary defensive position by investing in money-market instruments, including obligations of the U.S. Government and its agencies and instrumentalities, obligations of foreign sovereigns, other debt securities, commercial paper including bank obligations, certificates of deposit (including Eurodollar certificates of deposit) and repurchase agreements. (See “Money Market Instruments” in this section of the SAI for more information about these types of investments.)
For temporary defensive purposes, during periods in which a Series’ subadviser believes adverse changes in economic, financial or political conditions make it advisable, the Series may reduce its holdings in equity and other securities and may invest up to 100% of its assets in certain short-term (less than twelve months to maturity) and medium-term (not greater than five years to maturity) debt securities and in cash (U.S. dollars, foreign currencies, or multicurrency units). The short-term and medium-term debt securities in which a Series may invest for temporary defensive purposes will be
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Investment Technique
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Description and Risks
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Fund-Specific Limitations
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those that the Series’ subadviser believes to be of high quality
(i.e.,
subject to relatively low risk of loss of interest or principal). If rated, these securities will be rated in one of the three highest rating categories by rating services such as Moody’s or S&P
(i.e.,
rated at
least A).
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Warrants or Rights to Purchase Securities
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Each Series may invest in or acquire warrants or rights to purchase equity or fixed income securities at a specified price during a specific period of time. A Series will make such investments only if the underlying securities are deemed appropriate by the Series’ subadviser for inclusion in the Series’ portfolio. Included are warrants and rights whose underlying securities are not traded on principal domestic or foreign exchanges. Warrants and stock rights are almost identical to call options in their nature, use and effect except that they are issued by the issuer of the underlying security, rather than an option writer, and they generally have longer expiration dates than call options. (See “Options” in this section of the SAI for information about call options.)
Bonds with warrants attached to purchase equity securities have many characteristics of convertible bonds and their prices may, to some degree, reflect the performance of the underlying stock. However, unlike convertible securities and preferred stocks, warrants do not pay a fixed dividend. Bonds also may be issued with warrants attached to purchase additional fixed income securities at the same coupon rate. A decline in interest rates would permit a Series holding such warrants to buy additional bonds at the favorable rate or to sell the warrants at a profit. If interest rates rise, the warrants would generally expire with no value.
A Series may purchase put warrants and call warrants whose values vary depending on the change in the value of one or more specified securities indices (“index warrants”). Index warrants are generally issued by banks or other financial institutions and give the holder the right, at any time during the term of the warrant, to receive upon exercise of the warrant a cash payment from the issuer based on the value of the underlying index at the time of exercise. In general, if the value of the underlying index rises above the exercise price of the index warrant, the holder of a call warrant will be entitled to receive a cash payment from the issuer upon exercise based on the difference between the value of the index and the exercise price of the warrant; if the value of the underlying index falls, the holder of a put warrant will be entitled to receive a cash payment from the issuer upon exercise based on the difference between the exercise price of the warrant and the value of the index. The holder of a warrant would not be entitled to any payments from the issuer at any time when, in the case of a call warrant, the exercise price is greater than the value of the underlying index or, in the case of a put warrant, the exercise price is less than the value of the underlying index. If a Series were not to exercise an index warrant prior to its expiration, then the Series would lose the amount of the purchase price paid by it for the warrant.
A Series will normally use index warrants in a manner similar to its use of options on securities indices. The risks of the Series’ use of index warrants are generally similar to those relating to its use of index options. (See “Options” in this section of the SAI for information about index options.) Unlike most index options, however, index warrants are issued in limited amounts and are not obligations of a regulated clearing agency, but are backed only by the credit of the bank or other institution which issues the warrant. Also, index
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Each of the Growth & Income Series and the International Series may invest up to 5% of its net assets in warrants and stock rights, but no more than 2% of its net assets in warrants and stock rights not listed on the NYSE.
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Investment Technique
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Description and Risks
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Fund-Specific Limitations
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warrants generally have longer terms than index options. Although a Series will normally invest only in exchange-listed warrants, index warrants are not likely to be as liquid as certain index options backed by a recognized clearing agency. In addition, the terms of index warrants may limit a Series’ ability to exercise the warrants at such time, or in such quantities, as the Series would otherwise wish to do.
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When-Issued and Delayed Delivery Transactions
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Each Series may purchase securities on a when-issued or forward commitment basis. These transactions are also known as delayed delivery transactions. (The phrase “delayed delivery” is not intended to include purchases where a delay in delivery involves only a brief period required by the selling party solely to locate appropriate certificates and prepare them for submission for clearance and settlement in the customary way.) Delayed delivery transactions involve a commitment by the Series to purchase or sell securities at a future date (ordinarily up to 90 days later). The price of the underlying securities (usually expressed in terms of yield) and the date when the securities will be delivered and paid for (the settlement date) are fixed at the time the transaction is negotiated. When-issued purchases and forward commitments are negotiated directly with the selling party.
When-issued purchases and forward commitments enable the Series to lock in what is believed to be an attractive price or yield on a particular security for a period of time, regardless of future changes in interest rates. For example, in periods of rising interest rates and falling bond prices, the Series might sell debt securities it owns on a forward commitment basis to limit its exposure to falling prices. In periods of falling interest rates and rising prices, the Series might sell securities it owns and purchase the same or similar securities on a when-issued or forward commitment basis, thereby obtaining the benefit of currently higher yields. The Series will not enter into such transactions for the purpose of leverage.
The value of securities purchased on a when-issued or forward commitment basis and any subsequent fluctuations in their value will be reflected in the Series’ NAV starting on the first business day after the date of the agreement to purchase the securities. The Series will be subject to the rights and risks of ownership of the securities on the agreement date. However, the Series will not earn interest on securities it has committed to purchase until they are paid for and received. A seller’s failure to deliver securities to the Series could prevent the Series from realizing a price or yield considered to be advantageous and could cause the Series to incur expenses associated with unwinding the transaction.
When a Series makes a forward commitment to sell securities it owns, the proceeds to be received upon settlement will be included in the Series’ assets. Fluctuations in the market value of the underlying securities will not be reflected in the Series’ NAV as long as the commitment to sell remains in effect. Settlement of when-issued purchases and forward commitment transactions generally takes place up to 90 days after the date of the transaction, but the Series may agree to a longer settlement period.
The Series will make commitments to purchase securities on a when-issued basis or to purchase or sell securities on a forward commitment basis only with the intention of completing the transaction and actually purchasing or selling the securities. If deemed advisable as a matter of investment strategy, however, a Series may dispose of
or renegotiate a commitment after it is entered into. A Series also may
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Investment Technique
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Description and Risks
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Fund-Specific Limitations
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sell securities it has committed to purchase before those securities are delivered to the Series on the settlement date. The Series may realize a capital gain or loss in connection with these transactions.
When a Series purchases securities on a when-issued or forward-commitment basis, the Series will specifically designate on its accounting records securities having a value (determined daily) at least equal to the amount of the Series’ purchase commitments. These procedures are designed to ensure that each Series will maintain sufficient assets at all times to cover its obligations under when-issued purchases and forward commitments.
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Growth & Income Series
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The Series may invest up to 5% of its net assets in warrants and stock rights, but no more than 2% of its net assets in warrants and stock rights not listed on the NYSE. (See “Warrants or Rights to Purchase Securities” in the “More Information About Series Investment Strategies and Related Risks” section of this SAI.)
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International Series
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The Series may invest up to 5% of its net assets in warrants and stock rights, but no more than 2% of its net assets in warrants and stock rights not listed on the NYSE. (See “Warrants or Rights to Purchase Securities” in the “More Information About Series Investment Strategies and Related Risks” section of this SAI.)
The Series also may hedge its foreign currency exchange rate risk by engaging in currency financial futures and options transactions. (See “Foreign Currency Forward Contracts, Futures and Options” under “Derivatives” and “Foreign Currency Transactions” under “Foreign Investing” in the “More Information About Series Investment Strategies and Related Risks” section of this SAI.)
The Series may invest in nonconvertible fixed income securities of non-U.S. issuers when the Series’ subadviser believes that such securities are appropriate for the achievement of the Series’ investment objective. The nonconvertible fixed income securities may consist of: corporate notes, bonds, debentures and other securities (such as Euro-currency instruments) of non-U.S. issuers that are rated within the three highest rating categories of rating services or, if unrated, are deemed by the adviser to be of comparable credit quality; and securities issued by foreign governments and supranational agencies (such as the World Bank). (See “Debt Investing” in the “More Information About Series Investment Strategies and Related Risks” section of this SAI.)
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Multi-Sector Fixed Income Series
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The Series may only purchase a call option to terminate a previously written call option. (See “Options” under “Derivative Investments” in the “More Information About Series Investment Strategies and Related Risks” section of this SAI.)
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Real Estate Securities Series
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The Series will not invest in real estate directly, but only in securities issued by real estate companies. (See “Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs)” in the “More Information About Series Investment Strategies and Related Risks” section of this SAI.) However, the portfolio may be subject to risks similar to those associated with the direct ownership of real estate because of its policy of concentrating in the securities of companies in the real estate industry. These include declines in the value of real estate, risks related to general and local economic conditions, dependence on management skill, cash flow dependence, possible lack of availability of long-term mortgage trusts, overbuilding, extended vacancies of properties, decreased occupancy rates and increased competition, increases in property taxes and operating expenses, changes in neighborhood values and the appeal of the properties to tenants and changes in interest rates.
The Series may invest in debt securities rated BBB or better by Standard & Poor’s or Baa or better by Moody’s or, if not rated, judged to be of comparable quality as determined by the Series’ subadviser. (See “Ratings” under “Debt Investing” in the “More Information About Series Investment Strategies and Related Risks” section of this SAI.) In choosing debt securities for purchase by the Series, the Series’ subadviser will employ the same analytical and valuation techniques utilized in managing the equity portion of the Series holdings and will invest in debt securities only of companies that satisfy the Series’ subadviser’s investment criteria.
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Strategic Allocation Series
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Immediately after entering into an opening option position, the total value of all open option positions based on exercise price will not exceed 10% of the Series’ total assets. (See “Options” under “Derivative Investments” in the “More Information About Series Investment Strategies and Related Risks” section of this SAI.)
In addition to the traditional investment techniques for purchasing and selling and engaging in trading, the Series may enter into financial futures and options contracts. (See “Futures Contracts and Options on Futures Contracts” and “Options” under “Derivative Investments” in the “More Information About Series Investment Strategies and Related Risks” section of this SAI.)
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Name and Year of Birth
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Length of Time Served
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Number of Portfolios in Fund Complex Overseen by Trustee
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Principal Occupation(s) During Past 5 Years
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Other Directorships Held by Trustee During Past 5 Years
|
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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Thomas J. Brown
YOB: 1945
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Served since 2011.
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9
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|
Retired.
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Director (since 2005), VALIC Company Funds
(49
portfolios);
and Director (since 2010), D’Youville Senior Care Center.
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Roger A. Gelfenbien
YOB: 1943
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Served since 2000.
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9
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Retired.
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Director (since 1999), USAllianz Variable Insurance Product Trust
(42
portfolios); and
Director (2003 to 2009), Webster Bank.
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John R. Mallin
YOB: 1950
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Served since 1999.
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9
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Partner/Attorney (since 2003), McCarter & English LLP Real Property Practice
Group.
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Director (since 2013), Horizons,
Inc. (non-profit); Director and Past President (1996 to 2008), Connecticut River Council, BSA, Inc.
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Hassell H. McClellan
YOB: 1945
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Served since 2008.
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55
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Retired.
Professor, (1984 to
2013), Wallae E. Carrol School of Management, Boston College.
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Trustee, (since 2005), John
Hancock Fund Complex (collectively,
228
portfolios);
Director (since 2010), Barnes
Group, Inc. (diversified global components manufacturer and logistical services
company);
Trustee (since 2015), Virtus Mutual Funds Complex (46 portfolios).
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Name and Year of Birth
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|
Length of Time Served
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|
Number of Portfolios in Fund Complex Overseen by Trustee
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|
|
Principal Occupation(s) During Past 5 Years
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Other Directorships Held by Trustee During Past 5 Years
|
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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Philip R. McLoughlin
YOB: 1946
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Served since 2003.
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|
66
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|
|
Partner (2006 to
2010),
Cross
Pond Partners, LLC
(investment management
consultant); Partner (2008
to
2010), SeaCap
Partners, LLC
(strategic advisory firm).
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Director (since 1991) and Chairman (since 2010), World Trust Fund; Chairman (since 2002) and Trustee (since 1989), Virtus Mutual Funds
(46
funds); Director (since 1995), closed-end funds managed by Duff & Phelps Investment Management Co. (4 portfolios); Trustee and Chairman (since 2011), Virtus Closed-End Funds
(3
portfolios); Director (1985 to
2009), Argo Group International Holdings Inc. and its predecessor, PXRE Corporation (insurance); and Trustee and Chairman (since 2013), Virtus Alternative Solutions Funds
(4
portfolios).
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Geraldine M. McNamara
YOB: 1951
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Served since 2015.
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59
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|
|
Retired.
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Trustee (since 2001), Virtus Mutual Fund Complex (46 portfolios); Directors (since 2003), closed-end funds managed by Duff & Phelps Investment Management Co. (4 portfolios).
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Name and Year of Birth
|
|
|
Length of Time Served
|
|
|
Number of Portfolios in Fund Complex Overseen by Trustee
|
|
|
Principal Occupation(s) During Past 5 Years
|
|
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Other Directorships Held by Trustee During Past 5 Years
|
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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George R. Aylward
**
YOB: 1964
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President since 2010; Trustee since 2012.
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64
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Director, President and Chief Executive Officer (since 2008), Virtus Investment Partners, Inc. and/or certain of its subsidiaries; and various senior officer positions with Virtus affiliates (since 2005).
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|
Trustee (since 2006), Virtus Mutual Fund Complex (46 portfolios);
Chairman, President
and Chief Executive Officer (since 2006), The Zweig Closed-End Funds (2 portfolios); Trustee and President (since 2011), Virtus Closed-End Funds
(3
portfolios);
Director (since
2013), Virtus Global Funds, PLC; and Trustee (since 2013), Virtus Alternative Solutions Funds
(4
portfolios).
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Name, Address and Year of Birth
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Position(s) Held with the Trust and Length of Time Served
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Principal Occupation(s) During Past 5 Years
|
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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W. Patrick Bradley
YOB: 1972
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|
|
Senior Vice President (since 2013), Vice President (2011-2013); Chief Financial Officer and
Treasurer (since
2004).
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|
|
Senior Vice President, Fund Services (since 2010), Virtus Investment Partners, Inc. and/or certain of its subsidiaries; various officer positions (since 2006) with Virtus affiliates; Senior Vice President (since 2013), Vice President (2011 to 2013), Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer (since 2006), Virtus Mutual Fund Complex; Senior Vice President (since 2013), Vice President (2011 to 2013), Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer (since 2011), Virtus Closed-End Funds; Senior Vice President (since 2013), Vice President (2012 to 2013) and Treasurer (Chief Financial Officer) (since 2007), The Zweig Closed-End Funds; Vice President and Assistant Treasurer (since 2011), Duff & Phelps Global Utility Income Fund Inc.; Director (since 2013), Virtus Global Funds, PLC; and Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer (since 2013), Virtus Alternative Solutions Funds.
|
|
|
|
Jennifer Fromm
YOB: 1973
|
|
|
Vice President, Chief Legal Officer and
Secretary (since 2013).
|
|
|
Assistant Secretary of various Virtus-affiliated open-end funds (since 2008); and Senior Counsel, Legal, Virtus Investment Partners, Inc. and/or certain of its subsidiaries (since 2007); and Vice President, Chief Legal Officer, and Secretary (since 2013), Virtus Alternative Solutions Funds.
|
|
|
|
Nancy J. Engberg
YOB: 1956
|
|
|
Vice President, since 2010; Chief Compliance Officer, since 2011.
|
|
|
Vice President (since 2008) and Chief Compliance Officer (2008 to 2011), Virtus Investment Partners, Inc. and/or certain of its subsidiaries; various officer positions (since 2003) with Virtus affiliates; Vice President and Chief Compliance Officer (since 2011), Virtus Mutual Fund Complex; Vice President and Chief Compliance Officer (since 2011), Virtus Closed-End Funds; Vice President and Chief Compliance Officer (since 2012), The Zweig Closed-End Funds; and Vice President and Chief Compliance Officer (since 2013), Virtus Alternative Solutions Funds.
|
|
|
|
Francis G. Waltman
YOB: 1962
|
|
|
Executive Vice President (since 2013), Senior Vice President (2010 to 2013)
|
|
|
Executive Vice President, Product Development (since 2009), Virtus Investment Partners, Inc. and/or certain of its subsidiaries; various senior officer positions (since 2006) with Virtus affiliates; Executive Vice President (since 2013), Senior Vice President (2008 to 2013), Virtus Mutual Fund Complex; Executive Vice President (since 2013), Senior Vice President (2011 to 2013), Virtus Closed-End Funds; Director (since 2013), Virtus Global Funds PLC; and Executive Vice President (since 2013) Virtus Alternative Solutions Funds.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Aggregate Compensation from Trust
|
|
|
Total Compensation From Trust and Fund Complex Paid to Trustees
|
|
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
Independent Trustees
|
|
| | | | | |
|
|
Thomas J. Brown
|
|
|
$79,000
|
|
|
$79,000
(9 funds)
|
|
|
|
Roger A. Gelfenbien
|
|
|
$74,000
|
|
|
$74,000
(9 funds)
|
|
|
|
Eunice S. Groark
*
|
|
|
$74,000
|
|
|
$74,000
(9 funds)
|
|
|
|
John R. Mallin
|
|
|
$73,000
|
|
|
$73,000
(9 funds)
|
|
|
|
Hassell H. McClellan
|
|
|
$79,000
|
|
|
$79,000
(9 funds)
|
|
|
|
Philip R. McLoughlin
|
|
|
$102,000
|
|
|
$689,000 (66
funds)
|
|
|
|
Interested Trustee
|
|
| | | | | |
|
|
George R. Aylward
|
|
|
None
|
|
|
None
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Series
|
|
|
Management Fees
|
|
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
Premium AlphaSector
®
Series
|
|
|
1.10%
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||
|
|
Series
|
|
|
Management Fees
|
|
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
|
|
First $250 million
|
|
|
Next $250 million
|
|
|
Over $500 million
|
|
|
|
|
Capital Growth Series
|
|
|
0.70%
|
|
|
0.65%
|
|
|
0.60%
|
|
|
|
Growth & Income Series
|
|
|
0.70%
|
|
|
0.65%
|
|
|
0.60%
|
|
|
|
International Series
|
|
|
0.75%
|
|
|
0.70%
|
|
|
0.65%
|
|
|
|
Multi-Sector Fixed Income Series
|
|
|
0.50%
|
|
|
0.45%
|
|
|
0.40%
|
|
|
|
Strategic Allocation Series
|
|
|
0.60%
|
|
|
0.55%
|
|
|
0.50%
|
|
|
|
|
|
First $1 billion
|
|
|
Next $1 billion
|
|
|
Over $2 billion
|
|
|
|
|
Real Estate Securities Series
|
|
|
0.75%
|
|
|
0.70%
|
|
|
0.65%
|
|
|
|
|
|
First $1 billion
|
|
|
$1+ billion
|
|
|
|
||
|
|
Small-Cap Growth Series
|
|
|
0.85%
|
|
|
0.80%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
First $400 million
|
|
|
$400 million to $1 billion
|
|
|
Over $1 billion
|
|
|
|
|
Small-Cap Value Series
|
|
|
0.90%
|
|
|
0.85%
|
|
|
0.80%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||
|
|
Series
|
|
|
Class
|
|
|
Expense Cap
|
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
Virtus Capital Growth Series
|
|
|
Class A
|
|
|
1.03%
|
|
|
|
Virtus Growth & Income Series
|
|
|
Class A
|
|
|
0.98%
|
|
|
|
Virtus International Series
|
|
|
Class A
Class I
|
|
|
1.18%
0.93%
|
|
|
|
Virtus Multi-Sector Fixed Income Series
|
|
|
Class A
Class I
|
|
|
0.94%
0.69%
|
|
|
|
Virtus Premium AlphaSector
®
Series
|
|
|
Class A
Class I
|
|
|
1.70%
1.45%
|
|
|
|
Virtus Real Estate Securities Series
|
|
|
Class A
Class I
|
|
|
1.16%
0.91%
|
|
|
|
Virtus Small-Cap Growth Series
|
|
|
Class A
Class I
|
|
|
1.19%
0.94%
|
|
|
|
Virtus Small-Cap Value Series
|
|
|
Class A
|
|
|
1.20%
|
|
|
|
Virtus Strategic Allocation Series
|
|
|
Class A
|
|
|
0.98%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross Advisory Fee ($)
|
|
|
Advisory Fee Waived and/or Expenses Reimbursed ($)
|
|
|
Net Advisory Fee ($)
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
Fund
|
|
|
2012
|
|
|
2013
|
|
|
2014
|
|
|
2012
|
|
|
2013
|
|
|
2014
|
|
|
2012
|
|
|
2013
|
|
|
2014
|
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
Capital Growth Series
|
|
|
|
|
1,387,103
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,408,754
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,484,354
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(334,433
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(211,169
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(335,969
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,052,670
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,197,585
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,148,385
|
|
|
|
|
|
Growth & Income Series
|
|
|
|
|
1,035,970
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,004,985
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,005,880
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(335,164
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(231,101
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(311,864
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
700,806
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
773,884
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
694,016
|
|
|
|
|
|
International Series
|
|
|
|
|
2,489,381
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,434,870
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,235,639
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(406,589
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(252,237
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,082,792
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,434,870
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,983,402
|
|
|
|
|
|
Multi-Sector Fixed Income Series
|
|
|
|
|
997,774
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
929,737
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
853,045
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(327,079
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(34,069
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(114,678
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
670,695
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
895,668
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
738,367
|
|
|
|
|
|
Premium AlphaSector
®
Series
|
|
|
|
|
24,445
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
116,363
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
331,572
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(8,173
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(8,957
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
16,113
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
16,272
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
107,406
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
347,685
|
|
|
|
|
|
Real Estate Securities Series
|
|
|
|
|
796,491
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
754,275
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
753,221
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(95,315
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(56,791
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(108,995
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
701,176
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
697,484
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
644,226
|
|
|
|
|
|
Small-Cap Growth Series
|
|
|
|
|
530,961
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
557,037
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
535,402
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(154,620
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(88,454
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(121,137
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
376,341
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
468,583
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
414,265
|
|
|
|
|
|
Small-Cap Value Series
|
|
|
|
|
1,121,604
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,144,445
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,048,034
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(69,021
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(193,522
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(245,040
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,052,583
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
950,923
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
802,994
|
|
|
|
|
|
Strategic Allocation Series
|
|
|
|
|
842,574
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
816,050
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
802,513
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(252,918
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(111,867
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(170,635
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
589,656
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
704,183
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
631,878
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
Series
|
|
|
Subadvisory Fee
|
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
International Series
|
|
|
0.25%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Series
|
|
|
Subadvisory Fee
|
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
Growth & Income Series
|
|
|
50% of the net advisory fee
|
|
|
|
Premium AlphaSector
®
Series
|
|
|
20% of the net advisory fee
|
|
|
|
Strategic Allocation Series
|
|
|
50% of the net advisory fee (equity assets only)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Series
|
|
|
Subadvisory Fee
|
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
Capital Growth Series
|
|
|
50% of the net advisory fee
|
|
|
|
Small-Cap Growth Series
|
|
|
50% of the
net
advisory fee
|
|
|
|
Small-Cap Value Series
|
|
|
50% of the
net
advisory fee
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Series
|
|
|
Subadvisory Fee (%)
|
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
Multi-Sector Fixed Income Series
|
|
|
50% of the net advisory fee
|
|
|
|
Strategic Allocation Series
|
|
|
50% of the net advisory fee (fixed income assets only)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Subadvisory Fee ($)
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
Series
|
|
|
2012
|
|
|
2013
|
|
|
2014
|
|
||||||||||||
|
|
Capital Growth Series
|
|
|
|
|
526,335
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
598,663
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
572,273
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
Subadvisory Fee ($)
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
Series
|
|
|
2012
|
|
|
2013
|
|
|
2014
|
|
||||||||||||
|
|
Growth & Income Series
|
|
|
|
|
350,403
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
386,858
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
347,093
|
|
|
|
|
|
International Series
|
|
|
|
|
844,422
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
824,953
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
753,799
|
|
|
|
|
|
Multi-Sector Fixed Income Series
|
|
|
|
|
391,626
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
364,922
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
277,545
|
|
|
|
|
|
Premium AlphaSector
®
Series
|
|
|
|
|
15,476
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
79,663
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
235,323
|
|
|
|
|
|
Real Estate Securities Series
|
|
|
|
|
398,246
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
377,138
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
322,112
|
|
|
|
|
|
Small-Cap Growth Series
|
|
|
|
|
265,481
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
278,518
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
267,701
|
|
|
|
|
|
Small-Cap Value Series
|
|
|
|
|
561,765
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
572,223
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
524,017
|
|
|
|
|
|
Strategic Allocation Series (fixed income portion)
|
|
|
|
|
126,043
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
122,215
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
73,890
|
|
|
|
|
|
Strategic Allocation Series (equity portion)
|
|
|
|
|
253,602
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
245,433
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
189,225
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||||||
|
|
First $5 billion
|
|
|
0.09%
|
|
|
|
$5 billion to $15 billion
|
|
|
0.08%
|
|
|
|
Greater than $15 billion
|
|
|
0.07%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Series
|
|
|
2012
|
|
|
2013
|
|
|
2014
|
|
||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
Capital Growth Series
|
|
|
|
$
|
156,374
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
153,067
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
211,872
|
|
|
|
|
|
Growth & Income Series
|
|
|
|
$
|
116,810
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
109,201
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
143,574
|
|
|
|
|
|
International Series
|
|
|
|
$
|
266,515
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
251,021
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
301,260
|
|
|
|
|
|
Multi-Sector Fixed Income Series
|
|
|
|
$
|
157,439
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
141,474
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
170,466
|
|
|
|
|
|
Premium AlphaSector
®
Series
|
|
|
|
$
|
1,748
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
8,037
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
30,128
|
|
|
|
|
|
Real Estate Securities Series
|
|
|
|
$
|
83,808
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
76,507
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
100,354
|
|
|
|
|
|
Small-Cap Growth Series
|
|
|
|
$
|
49,303
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
49,841
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
62,931
|
|
|
|
|
|
Small-Cap Value Series
|
|
|
|
$
|
98,539
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
96,715
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
116,336
|
|
|
|
|
|
Strategic Allocation Series
|
|
|
|
$
|
120,625
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
111,858
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
134,403
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||||||
|
|
First $15 billion
|
|
|
0.0325%
|
|
|
|
$15+ billion to $30 billion
|
|
|
0.0225%
|
|
|
|
$30+ billion to $50 billion
|
|
|
0.0075%
|
|
|
|
Greater than $50 billion
|
|
|
0.005%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Series
|
|
|
Rule 12b-1 Fees Paid ($)
|
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
Capital Growth Series
|
|
|
|
|
530,126
|
|
|
|
|
|
Growth & Income Series
|
|
|
|
|
359,243
|
|
|
|
|
|
International Series
|
|
|
|
|
753,528
|
|
|
|
|
|
Multi-Sector Fixed Income Series
|
|
|
|
|
426,174
|
|
|
|
|
|
Premium AlphaSector
®
Series
|
|
|
|
|
74,945
|
|
|
|
|
|
Real Estate Securities Series
|
|
|
|
|
250,777
|
|
|
|
|
|
Small-Cap Growth Series
|
|
|
|
|
156,936
|
|
|
|
|
|
Small-Cap Value Series
|
|
|
|
|
291,121
|
|
|
|
|
|
Strategic Allocation Series
|
|
|
|
|
334,506
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||
|
|
Series
|
|
|
Portfolio Manager(s)
|
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
Capital Growth Series
|
|
|
Doug Foreman
Gregory Toppe
|
|
|
|
Growth & Income Series
|
|
|
David Dickerson
Carlton Neel
|
|
|
|
International Series
|
|
|
Andrew Brown
Martin Connaghan
Jamie Cumming
Stephen Docherty
Samantha Fitzpatrick
Stewart Methven
Bruce Stout
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Series
|
|
|
Portfolio Manager(s)
|
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
Multi-Sector Fixed Income Series
|
|
|
David L. Albrycht
|
|
|
|
Premium AlphaSector
®
Series
|
|
|
Alexey Panchekha
Amy Robinson
|
|
|
|
Small-Cap Growth Series
|
|
|
Todd Beiley
Jon Christensen
|
|
|
|
Small-Cap Value Series
|
|
|
Julie Kutasov
Robert A. Schwarzkopf
Craig Stone
|
|
|
|
Real Estate Securities Series
|
|
|
Geoffrey P. Dybas
Frank J. Haggerty, Jr.
|
|
|
|
Strategic Allocation Series
|
|
|
David L. Albrycht
David Dickerson
Carlton Neel
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Registered Investment Companies
|
|
|
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles (PIVs)
|
|
|
Other Accounts
|
|
||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
Portfolio Manager
|
|
|
Number of Accounts
|
|
|
Total Assets
|
|
|
Number of Accounts
|
|
|
Total Assets
|
|
|
Number of Accounts
|
|
|
Total Assets
|
|
|
|
David L. Albrycht
|
|
|
16
|
|
|
$11.4
billion
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
$20
million
|
|
|
0
|
|
|
N/A
|
|
|
|
Todd Beiley
(1)
|
|
|
4
|
|
|
$562
million
|
|
|
0
|
|
|
N/A
|
|
|
437
|
|
|
$2.5
billion
|
|
|
|
Andrew Brown
|
|
|
9
|
|
|
$2.1 billion
|
|
|
43
|
|
|
$17.7 billion
|
|
|
86
|
|
|
$28 billion
|
|
|
|
Martin Connaghan
|
|
|
9
|
|
|
$2.1 billion
|
|
|
43
|
|
|
$17.7 billion
|
|
|
86
|
|
|
$28 billion
|
|
|
|
Jon Christensen
(1)
|
|
|
4
|
|
|
$562
million
|
|
|
0
|
|
|
N/A
|
|
|
377
|
|
|
$2.6
billion
|
|
|
|
Jamie Cumming
|
|
|
9
|
|
|
$2.1
billion
|
|
|
43
|
|
|
$17.7
billion
|
|
|
86
|
|
|
$28
billion
|
|
|
|
David Dickerson
|
|
|
7
|
|
|
$1.6
billion
|
|
|
0
|
|
|
N/A
|
|
|
0
|
|
|
N/A
|
|
|
|
Stephen Docherty
|
|
|
9
|
|
|
$2.1
billion
|
|
|
43
|
|
|
$17.7
billion
|
|
|
86
|
|
|
$28
billion
|
|
|
|
Geoffrey P. Dybas
|
|
|
3
|
|
|
$1.8
billion
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
$21.8
million
|
|
|
12
|
|
|
$639.5
million
|
|
|
|
Samantha Fitzpatrick
|
|
|
9
|
|
|
$2.1
billion
|
|
|
43
|
|
|
$17.7
billion
|
|
|
86
|
|
|
$28
billion
|
|
|
|
Doug Foreman
(1)
|
|
|
3
|
|
|
$746
million
|
|
|
0
|
|
|
N/A
|
|
|
74
|
|
|
$156
million
|
|
|
|
Frank J. Haggerty, Jr.
|
|
|
4
|
|
|
$1.8
billion
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
$21.8
million
|
|
|
12
|
|
|
$639.5
million
|
|
|
|
Julie Kutasov
(1)
|
|
|
4
|
|
|
$570
million
|
|
|
0
|
|
|
N/A
|
|
|
350
|
|
|
$2.1
billion
|
|
|
|
Stewart Methven
|
|
|
9
|
|
|
$2.1 billion
|
|
|
43
|
|
|
$17.7
billion
|
|
|
86
|
|
|
$28
billion
|
|
|
|
Carlton Neel
|
|
|
7
|
|
|
$1.6
billion
|
|
|
0
|
|
|
N/A
|
|
|
0
|
|
|
N/A
|
|
|
|
Alexey Panchekha
(2)
|
|
|
5
|
|
|
$8
billion
|
|
|
0
|
|
|
N/A
|
|
|
0
|
|
|
N/A
|
|
|
|
Amy Robinson
|
|
|
10
|
|
|
$8.3
billion
|
|
|
0
|
|
|
N/A
|
|
|
0
|
|
|
N/A
|
|
|
|
Craig Stone
(1)
|
|
|
6
|
|
|
$615
million
|
|
|
0
|
|
|
N/A
|
|
|
383
|
|
|
$2.3 billion
|
|
|
|
Bruce Stout
|
|
|
9
|
|
|
$2.1
billion
|
|
|
43
|
|
|
$17.7
billion
|
|
|
86
|
|
|
$28
billion
|
|
|
|
Gregory Toppe
(1)
|
|
|
3
|
|
|
$746
million
|
|
|
0
|
|
|
N/A
|
|
|
74
|
|
|
$156
million
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|
|
|
Registered Investment Companies
|
|
|
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles (PIVs)
|
|
|
Other Accounts
|
|
||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
Portfolio Manager
|
|
|
Number of Accounts
|
|
|
Total Assets
|
|
|
Number of Accounts
|
|
|
Total Assets
|
|
|
Number of Accounts
|
|
|
Total Assets
|
|
|
|
Andrew Brown
|
|
|
0
|
|
|
N/A
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
$2.2 billion
|
|
|
0
|
|
|
N/A
|
|
|
|
Martin Connaghan
|
|
|
0
|
|
|
N/A
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
$2.2 billion
|
|
|
0
|
|
|
N/A
|
|
|
|
Jamie Cumming
|
|
|
0
|
|
|
N/A
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
$2.2
billion
|
|
|
0
|
|
|
N/A
|
|
|
|
Stephen Docherty
|
|
|
0
|
|
|
N/A
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
$2.2
billion
|
|
|
0
|
|
|
N/A
|
|
|
|
Samantha Fitzpatrick
|
|
|
0
|
|
|
N/A
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
$2.2
billion
|
|
|
0
|
|
|
N/A
|
|
|
|
Stewart Methven
|
|
|
0
|
|
|
N/A
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
$2.2
billion
|
|
|
0
|
|
|
N/A
|
|
|
|
Alexey Panchekha
(1)
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
$1.9
billion
|
|
|
0
|
|
|
N/A
|
|
|
0
|
|
|
N/A
|
|
|
|
Amy Robinson
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
$2.9
billion
|
|
|
0
|
|
|
N/A
|
|
|
0
|
|
|
N/A
|
|
|
|
Bruce Stout
|
|
|
0
|
|
|
N/A
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
$2.2
billion
|
|
|
0
|
|
|
N/A
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|
|
|
Aggregate Amount of Brokerage Commissions ($)
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
Series
|
|
|
2012
|
|
|
2013
|
|
|
2014
|
|
||||||||||||
|
|
Capital Growth Series
|
|
|
|
|
49,364
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
109,895
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
82,289
|
|
|
|
|
|
Growth & Income Series
|
|
|
|
|
168,189
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
115,628
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
95,898
|
|
|
|
|
|
International Series
|
|
|
|
|
142,432
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
102,449
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
86,351
|
|
|
|
|
|
Multi-Sector Fixed Income Series
|
|
|
|
|
804
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
73
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
|
Premium AlphaSector
®
Series
|
|
|
|
|
2,355
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4,406
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
29,549
|
|
|
|
|
|
Real Estate Securities Series
|
|
|
|
|
36,345
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
34,152
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
32,087
|
|
|
|
|
|
Small-Cap Growth Series
|
|
|
|
|
35,241
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
50,766
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
28,345
|
|
|
|
|
|
Small-Cap Value Series
|
|
|
|
|
72,425
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
51,529
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
71,732
|
|
|
|
|
|
Strategic Allocation Series
|
|
|
|
|
96,110
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
66,420
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
52,283
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||||||
|
|
Series
|
|
|
Broker/Dealer
|
|
|
Value ($)
|
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
Growth & Income Series
|
|
|
Goldman Sachs & Co.
|
|
|
|
|
3,101
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
JPMorgan Chase & Co.
|
|
|
|
|
3,004
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Multi-Sector Fixed Income Series
|
|
|
Credit Suisse (USA) Inc.
|
|
|
|
|
1,568
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Citicorp Securities Services Inc.
|
|
|
|
|
1,045
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
JPMorgan Chase & Co
|
|
|
|
|
7,122
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Bank of America LLC
|
|
|
|
|
2,503
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Barclays Bank Plc
|
|
|
|
|
2,035
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Morgan Stanley & Co., Inc.
|
|
|
|
|
1,147
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Goldman Sachs & Co.
|
|
|
|
|
1,247
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Wells Fargo & Co.
|
|
|
|
|
3,065
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Strategic Allocation Series
|
|
|
Barclays Bank Plc
|
|
|
|
|
826
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Goldman Sachs & Co.
|
|
|
|
|
2,229
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Bank of America LLC
|
|
|
|
|
1,188
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
JPMorgan Chase & Co.
|
|
|
|
|
5,941
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Citicorp Securities Services Inc.
|
|
|
|
|
1,595
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Morgan Stanley & Co., Inc.
|
|
|
|
|
1,208
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Credit Suisse First Boston Corp.
|
|
|
|
|
192
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Wells Fargo & Co.
|
|
|
|
|
1,112
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Jefferies & Co., Inc.
|
|
|
|
|
171
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
BNY Capital Markets, Inc.
|
|
|
|
|
100
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||
|
|
Series
|
|
|
Research
Commission Transactions ($)
|
|
|
Research
Commissions ($)
|
|
||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
Capital Growth Series
|
|
|
|
|
71,359,500
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
46,881
|
|
|
|
|
|
Growth & Income Series
|
|
|
|
|
62,826,126
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
64,809
|
|
|
|
|
|
Premium AlphaSector
®
Series
|
|
|
|
|
89,028,443
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
9,213
|
|
|
|
|
|
Real Estate Securities Series
|
|
|
|
|
7,678,462
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
9,945
|
|
|
|
|
|
Small-Cap Growth Series
|
|
|
|
|
14,033,214
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
12,222
|
|
|
|
|
|
Small-Cap Value Series
|
|
|
|
|
29,540,310
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
28,307
|
|
|
|
|
|
Strategic Allocation Series
|
|
|
|
|
34,874,613
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
35,643
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||
| Name and Address | Name of Fund/Class | Percentage of Class Outstanding | ||
| JEFFERSON NATIONAL LIFE INS CO | VIRTUS PREMIUM ALPHASECTOR(R) SERIES-A | 72.57% | ||
| C/O CARLA HIGGS | VIRTUS REAL ESTATE SECURITIES SERIES-A | 7.73% | ||
| 10350 ORMSBY PARK PL STE 600 | ||||
| LOUISVILLE KY 40223 | ||||
| PHL VARIABLE INSURANCE CO | VIRTUS CAPITAL GROWTH SERIES-A | 16.87% | ||
| PHLVIC C/O PETER HOSNER | VIRTUS GROWTH AND INCOME SERIES-A | 47.33% | ||
| 31 TECH VALLEY DR | VIRTUS INTERNATIONAL SERIES-A | 70.39% | ||
| EAST GREENBUSH NY 12061-4134 | VIRTUS MULTI-SECTOR FIXED INCOME SERIES-A | 60.32% | ||
| VIRTUS REAL ESTATE SECURITIES SERIES-A | 58.49% | |||
| VIRTUS SMALL-CAP GROWTH SERIES-A | 38.59% | |||
| VIRTUS SMALL-CAP VALUE SERIES-A | 65.54% | |||
| VIRTUS STRATEGIC ALLOCATION SERIES-A | 18.09% | |||
| PHOENIX LIFE INSURANCE CO | VIRTUS CAPITAL GROWTH SERIES-A | 83.07% | ||
| PLIC C/O PETER HOSNER | VIRTUS GROWTH AND INCOME SERIES-A | 52.31% | ||
| 31 TECH VALLEY DR | VIRTUS INTERNATIONAL SERIES-A | 28.31% | ||
| EAST GREENBUSH NY 12061-4134 | VIRTUS MULTI-SECTOR FIXED INCOME SERIES-A | 34.66% | ||
| VIRTUS REAL ESTATE SECURITIES SERIES-A | 32.59% | |||
| VIRTUS SMALL-CAP GROWTH SERIES-A | 61.28% | |||
| VIRTUS SMALL-CAP VALUE SERIES-A | 34.31% | |||
| VIRTUS STRATEGIC ALLOCATION SERIES-A | 81.88% | |||
| SECURITY BENEFIT LIFE | VIRTUS PREMIUM ALPHASECTOR(R) SERIES-A | 11.18% | ||
| VARIABLE ANNUITY ACCOUNT XIV | ||||
| 5801 SW 6TH AVE | ||||
| TOPEKA KS 66636-1001 | ||||
| SYMETRA LIFE INSURANCE CO | VIRTUS MULTI-SECTOR FIXED INCOME SERIES-I | 51.08% | ||
| ATTN ELIZABETH DAVIS | VIRTUS PREMIUM ALPHASECTOR(R) SERIES-I | 7.21% | ||
| 777 108TH AVE NE STE 1200 | VIRTUS REAL ESTATE SECURITIES SERIES-I | 12.07% | ||
| BELLEVUE WA 98004-5135 | VIRTUS SMALL-CAP GROWTH SERIES-I | 52.51% | ||
| THE LINCOLN NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY | VIRTUS PREMIUM ALPHASECTOR(R) SERIES-A | 15.84% | ||
| 1300 S CLINTON ST | VIRTUS PREMIUM ALPHASECTOR(R) SERIES-I | 43.77% | ||
| FORT WAYNE IN 46802-3506 | ||||
| VIRTUS PARTNERS INC | VIRTUS INTERNATIONAL SERIES-I | 99.64% | ||
| ATTN DAVID G HANLEY | VIRTUS MULTI-SECTOR FIXED INCOME SERIES-I | 48.92% | ||
| 100 PEARL ST FL 8 | VIRTUS PREMIUM ALPHASECTOR(R) SERIES-I | 49.02% | ||
| HARTFORD CT 06103-4500 | VIRTUS REAL ESTATE SECURITIES SERIES-I | 87.93% | ||
| VIRTUS SMALL-CAP GROWTH SERIES-I | 47.49% |
94
VIRTUS VARIABLE INSURANCE TRUST
PART C—OTHER INFORMATION
Item 28. Exhibits
| (a) | Agreement and Declaration of Trust (establishing the Delaware statutory trust into which the Registrant reorganized effective February 14, 2011) dated January 3, 2011, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit a.26) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 62 (File No. 033-05033) on February 14, 2011, and incorporated herein by reference. |
| (b) | Bylaws of Virtus Variable Insurance Trust, adopted January 3, 2011, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit b) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 62 (File No. 033-05033) on February 14, 2011 and incorporated herein by reference. |
| (c) | See Articles III and V of the Agreement and Declaration of Trust; and Article II of the Bylaws. |
| (d) | Investment Advisory Contracts. |
| 1. | Investment Advisory Agreement between Registrant and Virtus Investment Advisers, Inc. (“VIA”) dated November 5, 2010, on behalf of Capital Growth Series, Growth & Income Series, International Series, Multi-Sector Fixed Income Series, Real Estate Securities Series, Small-Cap Growth Series, Small-Cap Value Series and Strategic Allocation Series, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit d.1) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 61 (File No. 033-05033) on December 1, 2010 and incorporated herein by reference. |
| a) | First Amendment to Investment Advisory Agreement between Registrant and VIA effective as of February 14, 2011, on behalf of Premium AlphaSector Series, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit d.1.a) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 66 (File No. 033-05033) on April 24, 2012 and incorporated herein by reference. |
| b) | Second Amendment to Investment Advisory Agreement between Registrant and VIA effective as of January 1, 2014, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit d.1.b) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 72 (File No. 033-05033) on April 28, 2014 and incorporated herein by reference. |
| 2. | Subadvisory Agreement between Newfleet Asset Management, LLC (“Newfleet”) and VIA dated June 17, 2011, on behalf of the Multi-Sector Fixed Income Series and Strategic Allocation Series, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit d.2.a) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 66 (File No. 033-05033) on April 24, 2012 and incorporated herein by reference. |
| a) | First Amendment to Subadvisory Agreement between Newfleet and VIA dated January 1, 2014, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit d.2.a) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 72 (File No. 033-05033) on April 28, 2014 and incorporated herein by reference. |
| 3. | Subadvisory Agreement between Aberdeen Asset Management, Inc. (“Aberdeen”) and VIA dated November 5, 2010, on behalf of the International Series, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit d.3) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 61 (File No. 033-05033) on December 1, 2010 and incorporated herein by reference. |
| 4. | Subadvisory Agreement between Euclid Advisors, LLC (“Euclid”) and VIA dated September 30, 2011, on behalf of the Growth & Income Series, Premium AlphaSector Series and Strategic Allocation Series, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit d.4) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 66 (File No. 033-05033) on April 24, 2012 and incorporated herein by reference. |
| 5. | Subadvisory Agreement between Duff & Phelps Investment Management Co. (“DPIM”) and VIA dated November 5, 2010, on behalf of the Real Estate Securities Series, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit d.5) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 61 (File No. 033-05033) on December 1, 2010 and incorporated herein by reference. |
| a) | First Amendment to Subadvisory Agreement between DPIM and VIA dated January 1, 2014, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit d.5.a) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 72 (File No. 033-05033) on April 28, 2014 and incorporated herein by reference. |
| 6. | Subadvisory Agreement between Kayne Anderson Rudnick Investment Management, LLC (“Kayne”) and VIA dated November 5, 2010, on behalf of the Small-Cap Growth Series and the Small-Cap Value Series, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit d.6) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 61 (File No. 033-05033) on December 1, 2010 and incorporated herein by reference. |
| a) | First Amendment to Subadvisory Agreement between Kayne and VIA dated September 30, 2011, on behalf of the Capital Growth Series, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit d.6.a) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 70 (File No. 033-05033) on April 30, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference. |
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| b) | *Second Amendment to Subadvisory Agreement between Kayne and VIA dated January 1, 2015, on behalf of the Small-Cap Growth Series, the Small-Cap Value Series and the Capital Growth Series, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit d.6.b) herewith. |
| 7. | Subadvisory Agreement between F-Squared Institutional Advisors, LLC (“F-Squared”) and VIA effective as of February 14, 2011, on behalf of the Premium AlphaSector Series, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit d.7) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 66 (File No. 033-05033) on April 24, 2012 and incorporated herein by reference. |
| (e) | Underwriting Contracts |
| 1. | Underwriting Agreement between Registrant and VP Distributors, Inc. (now known as VP Distributors, LLC, “VP Distributors”) dated November 5, 2010, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit e.1) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 61 (File No. 033-05033) on December 1, 2010 and incorporated herein by reference. |
| a) | Amendment to Underwriting Agreement between Registrant and VP Distributors, effective as of February 14, 2011, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit e.1.a) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 66 (File No. 033-05033) on April 24, 2012 and incorporated herein by reference. |
| 2. | Distribution and Administrative Services Agreement among VIA, VP Distributors, Phoenix Life Insurance Company, PHL Variable Insurance Company and Phoenix Life and Annuity Company and 1851 Securities, Inc., effective as of November 5, 2010, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit e.2) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 61 (File No. 033-05033) on December 1, 2010 and incorporated herein by reference. |
| a) | Amendment to Distribution and Administrative Services Agreement among VIA, VP Distributors, Phoenix Life Insurance Company, PHL Variable Insurance Company and Phoenix Life and Annuity Company and 1851 Securities, Inc., effective as of January 1, 2013, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit e.2.a) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 72 (File No. 033-05033) on April 28, 2014 and incorporated herein by reference. |
| 3. | Marketing and Administrative Services Agreement between VP Distributors and Jefferson National Life Insurance Company dated November 2011, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit e.3) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 66 (File No. 033-05033) on April 24, 2012 and incorporated herein by reference. |
| 4. | Marketing and Administrative Services Agreement between VP Distributors and Symetra Life Insurance Company, effective as of April 25, 2013, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit e.4) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 72 (File No. 033-05033) on April 28, 2014 and incorporated herein by reference. |
| a) | Amendment to Marketing and Administrative Services Agreement by and between VP Distributors, Symetra Life Insurance Company and Symetra Securities, Inc., effective as of July 1, 2013, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit e.4.a) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 72 (File No. 033-05033) on April 28, 2014 and incorporated herein by reference. |
| 5. | Marketing and Administrative Services Agreement between VP Distributors and The Guardian Insurance & Annuity Company, Inc., effective as of May 23, 2013, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit e.5) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 72 (File No. 033-05033) on April 28, 2014 and incorporated herein by reference. |
| (f) | Amended and Restated Virtus Variable Insurance Trust Deferred Compensation Program, effective February 25, 2014, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit f) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 72 (File No. 033-05033) on April 28, 2014 and incorporated herein by reference. |
| (g) | Master Global Custody Agreement between Registrant and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. dated March 1, 2013, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit g) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 70 (File No. 033-05033) on April 30, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference. |
| (h) | Other Material Contracts. |
| 1. | Transfer Agency Services Agreement between Registrant and BNY Mellon Investment Servicing (US) Inc. (formerly, PNC Global Investment Servicing (U.S.) Inc.) (“BNY Mellon”) dated November 1, 2008, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit h.1) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 57 (File No. 033-05033) on April 30, 2009 and incorporated herein by reference. |
| a) | First Amendment to Transfer Agency Services Agreement between Registrant and BNY Mellon effective as of February 14, 2011, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit h.1.a) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 66 (File No. 033-05033) on April 24, 2012 and incorporated herein by reference. |
| 2. | Amended and Restated Administration Agreement between Registrant and Virtus Fund Services dated January 1, 2014, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit h.2) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 72 (File No. 033-05033) on April 28, 2014 and incorporated herein by reference. |
| 3. | Sub-Administration and Accounting Services Agreement among Virtus Equity Trust (“VET”), Virtus Insight Trust (“VIT”), Virtus Opportunities Trust (“VOT”), VP Distributors, LLC (since assigned to Virtus Fund Services, LLC (“Virtus Fund Services”)) and BNY Mellon, dated January 1, 2010, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit h.5) with Post-Effective |
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| Amendment No. 50 to the Registration Statement of VIT (File No. 033-64915) on February 25, 2010 and incorporated herein by reference. |
| a) | First Amendment to Sub-Administration and Accounting Services Agreement among VET, VIT, VOT, VP Distributors (since assigned to Virtus Fund Services) and BNY Mellon, dated June 30, 2010, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit h.13.) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 52 to the Registration Statement of VIT (File No. 033-64915) on April 28, 2011, and incorporated herein by reference. |
| b) | Second Amendment to Sub-Administration and Accounting Services Agreement among VET, VIT, VOT, VP Distributors (since assigned to Virtus Fund Services) and BNY Mellon, dated September 14, 2010 filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit h.14.) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 52 to the Registration Statement of VIT (File No. 033-64915) on April 28, 2011 and incorporated herein by reference. |
| c) | Third Amendment to Sub-Administration and Accounting Services Agreement among VET, VIT, VOT, VP Distributors (since assigned to Virtus Fund Services) and BNY Mellon, dated March 15, 2011 filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit h.15.) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 52 to the Registration Statement of VIT (File No. 033-64915) on April 28, 2011 and incorporated herein by reference. |
| d) | Fourth Amendment to Sub-Administration and Accounting Services Agreement among VET, VIT, VOT, VP Distributors (since assigned to Virtus Fund Services) and BNY Mellon, dated August 28, 2012, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit h.4.d) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 56 to the Registration Statement of VIT (File No. 033-64915) on April 29, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference. |
| e) | Fifth Amendment to Sub-Administration and Accounting Services Agreement among VET, VIT, VOT, VP Distributors (since assigned to Virtus Fund Services) and BNY Mellon, dated December 18, 2012, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit h.4.e) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 56 to the Registration Statement of VIT (File No. 033-64915) on April 29, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference. |
| f) | Sixth Amendment to Sub-Administration and Accounting Services Agreement among VET, VIT, VOT, Virtus Fund Services and BNY Mellon, dated June 10, 2013, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit h.4.f) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 64 to the Registration Statement of VOT (File No. 033-65137) on June 10, 2013, and incorporated herein by reference. |
| g) | Seventh Amendment to Sub-Administration and Accounting Services Agreement among VET, VIT, VOT, Virtus Fund Services and BNY Mellon, dated December 18, 2013, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit h.4.g) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 70 to the Registration Statement of VOT (File No. 033-65137) on January 27, 2014, and incorporated herein by reference. |
| h) | Joinder Agreement and Amendment to Sub-Administration and Accounting Services Agreement among the Registrant, VET, VIT, VOT, Virtus Alternative Solutions Trust (“VAST”), VATS Offshore Fund, Ltd. (“VATS”), Virtus Fund Services and BNY Mellon dated February 24, 2014, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit h.4.h) with Pre-effective Amendment No. 3 (File No. 333-191940) to the Registration Statement of VAST on March 28, 2014, and incorporated herein by reference. |
| i) | Amended Exhibit B to Sub-Administration and Accounting Services Agreement among the Registrant, VET, VIT, VOT, VAST, VATS, Virtus Fund Services and BNY Mellon, dated November 17, 2014, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit h.4.i) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 9 (File No. 333-191940) to the Registration Statement of VAST on January 22, 2015, and incorporated herein by reference. |
| 4. | Third Amended and Restated Expense Limitation Agreement between Registrant and VIA, effective as of January 1, 2014, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit h.3) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 72 (File No. 033-05033) on April 28, 2014 and incorporated herein by reference. |
| 5. | Form of Indemnification Agreement with each trustee of Registrant, effective as of February 14, 2011, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit h.4) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 70 (File No. 033-05033) on April 30, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference. |
| 6. | Participation Agreement among Registrant, VP Distributors, Phoenix Life Insurance Company, PHL Variable Insurance Company, Phoenix Life and Annuity Company, and 1851 Securities, Inc. dated as of November 5, 2010, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit h.4) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 61 (File No. 033-05033) on December 1, 2010 and incorporated herein by reference. |
| 7. | Participation Agreement among Registrant, VP Distributors, and Jefferson National Life Insurance Company dated as of November 2011, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit h.4) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 66 (File No. 033-05033) on April 24, 2012 and incorporated herein by reference. |
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| 8. | Participation Agreement among Registrant, VP Distributors and Security Benefit Life Insurance Company, dated as of April 7, 2013, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit h.7) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 70 (File No. 033-05033) on April 30, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference. |
| 9. | Participation Agreement among Registrant, VP Distributors and First Security Benefit Life Insurance and Annuity Company of New York, dated as of April 7, 2013, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit h.8) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 70 (File No. 033-05033) on April 30, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference. |
| 10. | Participation Agreement among Registrant, VP Distributors and Symetra Life Insurance Company, dated as of April 2013, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit h.9) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 72 (File No. 033-05033) on April 28, 2014 and incorporated herein by reference. |
| 11. | Participation Agreement among Registrant, VP Distributors and The Guardian Insurance & Annuity Company, Inc., dated as of May 23, 2013, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit h.10) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 72 (File No. 033-05033) on April 28, 2014 and incorporated herein by reference. |
| (i) | Legal Opinion. |
| 1. | Opinion and Consent of Counsel covering shares of Virtus Variable Insurance Trust dated February 14, 2011, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit i) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 62 (File No. 033-05033) on February 14, 2011 and incorporated herein by reference. |
| 2. | *Consent of Sullivan & Worcester, filed via EDGAR herewith. |
| (j) | Other Opinions. |
| 1. | * Consent of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, filed via EDGAR herewith. |
| (k) | Not applicable. |
| (l) | Not applicable. |
| (m) | Rule 12b-1 Plan, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit m) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 61 (File No. 033-05033) on December 1, 2010 and incorporated herein by reference. |
| 1. | First Amendment to Rule 12b-1 Plan dated February 14, 2011, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit m.1) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 66 (File No. 033-05033) on April 24, 2012 and incorporated herein by reference. |
| (n) | Multi-Class Plan pursuant to Rule 18f-3, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit n) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 70 (File No. 033-05033) on April 30, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference. |
| (o) | Reserved. |
(p) Code of Ethics.
| 1. | Amended and Restated Code of Ethics of the Registrant and other Virtus Funds dated March 25, 2014, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit p.1) with Pre-effective Amendment No. 3 to the Registration Statement of VAST (File No. 333-191940) on March 28, 2014, and incorporated herein by reference. |
| 2. | Amended and Restated Code of Ethics of VIA, VP Distributors and other Virtus Affiliates dated March 15, 2014, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit p.2) with Pre-effective Amendment No. 3 to the Registration Statement of VAST (File No. 333-191940) on March 28, 2014, and incorporated herein by reference. |
| 3. | Code of Ethics of Aberdeen effective as of March 1, 2012, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit p.3) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 70 (File No. 033-05033) on April 30, 2013. |
| 4. | Code of Ethics of F-Squared filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit p.6) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 82 of VOT (File No. 033-65137) on March 13, 2015, and incorporated herein by reference. |
| (q) |
Powers of Attorney for Roger A. Gelfenbien, Eunice S. Groark, John R. Mallin, Hassell H. McClellan, Philip R. McLoughlin and Thomas J. Brown, Trustees, filed via EDGAR (as Exhibit q) with Post-Effective Amendment No. 64 (File No. 033-05033) on April 21, 2011.
|
Item 29. Persons Controlled By or Under Common Control with Registrant
None.
Item 30. Indemnification
The indemnification of Registrant’s principal underwriter against certain losses is provided for in Section 2 of the Underwriting Agreement incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit E.1 of the Registrant’s Registration Statement. Indemnification of Registrant’s Custodian is provided for in section 7 of the Master Global Custody Agreement incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit G of the Registrant’s Registration Statement. The indemnification of Registrant’s Transfer Agent is provided for in Section 11
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of the Transfer Agency Services Agreement incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit H.1 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement. The Trust has entered into Indemnification Agreements with each trustee dated February 14, 2011, the form of which is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit H.4 of the Registrant’s Registration Statement, whereby the Registrant shall indemnify the trustee for expenses incurred in any proceeding in connection with the trustee’s service to the Registrant.
In addition, Article VII sections 2 and 3 of the Registrant’s Agreement and Declaration of Trust incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit A of the Registrant’s Registration Statement, provides in relevant part as follows:
“A Trustee, when acting in such capacity, shall not be personally liable to any Person, other than the Trust or a Shareholder to the extent provided in this Article VII, for any act, omission or obligation of the Trust, of such Trustee or of any other Trustee. The Trustees shall not be responsible or liable in any event for any neglect or wrongdoing of any officer, agent, employee, Manager or Principal Underwriter of the Trust. The Trust (i) may indemnify an agent of the Trust or any Person who is serving or has served at the Trust’s request as an agent of another organization in which the Trust has any interest as a shareholder, creditor or otherwise and (ii) shall indemnify each Person who is, or has been, a Trustee, officer or employee of the Trust and any Person who is serving or has served at the Trust’s request as a director, officer, trustee, or employee of another organization in which the Trust has any interest as a shareholder, creditor or otherwise, in the case of (i) and (ii), to the fullest extent consistent with the 1940 Act and in the manner provided in the By-Laws; provided that such indemnification shall not be available to any of the foregoing Persons in connection with a claim, suit or other proceeding by any such Person against the Trust or a Series (or Class) thereof.
All persons extending credit to, contracting with or having any claim against the Trust or the Trustees shall look only to the assets of the appropriate Series (or Class thereof if the Trustees have included a Class limitation on liability in the agreement with such person as provided below), or, if the Trustees have yet to establish Series, of the Trust for payment under such credit, contract or claim; and neither the Trustees nor the Shareholders, nor any of the Trust’s officers, employees or agents, whether past, present or future, shall be personally liable therefor.
Every note, bond, contract, instrument, certificate or undertaking and every other act or thing whatsoever executed or done by or on behalf of the Trust or the Trustees by any of them in connection with the Trust shall conclusively be deemed to have been executed or done only in or with respect to his or their capacity as Trustee or Trustees, and such Trustee or Trustees shall not be personally liable thereon. …
… A Trustee shall be liable to the Trust and to any Shareholder solely for her or his own willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of the office of Trustee, and shall not be liable for errors of judgment or mistakes of fact or law. The Trustees may take advice of counsel or other experts with respect to the meaning and operation of this Declaration of Trust, and shall be under no liability for any act or omission in accordance with such advice nor for failing to follow such advice.”
In addition, Article III section 7 of such Agreement and Declaration of Trust provides for the indemnification of shareholders of the Registrant as follows: “If any Shareholder or former Shareholder shall be exposed to liability by reason of a claim or demand relating to such Person being or having been a Shareholder, and not because of such Person's acts or omissions, the Shareholder or former Shareholder (or such Person's heirs, executors, administrators, or other legal representatives or in the case of a corporation or other entity, its corporate or other general successor) shall be entitled to be held harmless from and indemnified out of the assets of the Trust against all cost and expense reasonably incurred in connection with such claim or demand, but only out of the assets held with respect to the particular Series of Shares of which such Person is or was a Shareholder and from or in relation to which such liability arose. The Trust may, at its option and shall, upon request by the Shareholder, assume the defense of any claim made against the Shareholder for any act or obligation of the Trust and satisfy any judgment thereon from the assets held with respect to the particular series.”
Article VI Section 2 of the Registrant’s Bylaws incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit B of the Registrant’s Registration Statement, provides in relevant part, subject to certain exceptions and limitations, “every agent shall be indemnified by the Trust to the fullest extent permitted by law against all liabilities and against all expenses reasonably incurred or paid by him or her in connection with any proceeding in which he or she becomes involved as a party or otherwise by virtue of his or her being or having been an agent.” Such indemnification would not apply in the case of any liability to which the Registrant would otherwise be subject by reason of or for willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of such person’s duties. The Investment Advisory Agreement, Subadvisory Agreements, Master Global Custody Agreement, Sub-Administration Agreement and Sub-Transfer Agency and Service Agreement, each as amended, respectively provide that the Registrant will indemnify the other party (or parties, as the case may be) to the agreement for certain losses. Similar indemnities to those listed above may appear in other agreements to which the Registrant is a party.
The Registrant, in conjunction with VIA, the Registrant’s Trustees, and other registered investment management companies managed by VIA, maintains insurance on behalf of any person who is or was a Trustee, officer, employee, or agent of the Registrant, or who is or was serving at the request of the Registrant as a trustee, director, officer, employee or agent of another trust or corporation, against any liability asserted against such person and incurred by him or arising out of his position. However, in no event will Registrant maintain insurance to indemnify any such person for any act for which the Registrant itself is not permitted to indemnify him.
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Insofar as indemnification for liability arising under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Act”), may be permitted to trustees, officers and controlling persons of the Registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the Registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the Registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a trustee, officer or controlling person of the Registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such trustee, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the Registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.
Item 31. Business and Other Connections of the Investment Adviser and Subadvisers
See “Management” in the Prospectus and “The Investment Adviser, Subadvisers and Portfolio Managers” and “Management of the Trust” in the Statement of Additional Information for information which is included in this Post-Effective Amendment regarding the business of the Adviser and Subadvisers. For information as to the business, profession, vocation or employment of a substantial nature of the directors and officers of the Adviser and Subadvisers, in the last two years, reference is made to the Adviser’s and Subadvisers’ current Form ADV filed under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, incorporated herein by reference.
| Adviser | SEC File No.: |
| VIA | 801-5995 |
| Aberdeen | 801-49966 |
| Duff & Phelps | 801-14813 |
| Euclid | 801-54263 |
| F-Squared | 801-71753 |
| Kayne | 801-24241 |
| Newfleet | 801-51559 |
Item 32. Principal Underwriter
| (a) | VP Distributors also serves as the principal underwriter for the following registrants: |
Virtus Alternative Solutions Trust, Virtus Equity Trust, Virtus Insight Trust and Virtus Opportunities Trust.
| (b) | Directors and executive officers of VP Distributors, 100 Pearl Street, Hartford, CT 06103 are as follows: |
|
Name and Principal
Business Address |
Positions and Offices with Distributor |
Positions and Offices with Registrant |
||
| George R. Aylward | Executive Vice President |
President and Trustee
|
||
| Kevin J. Carr | Vice President, Counsel and Secretary |
Assistant Secretary
|
||
| Jennifer S. Fromm | Securities Counsel and Assistant Secretary | Vice President, Counsel, Chief Legal Officer and Secretary | ||
| Nancy J. Engberg | Vice President and Assistant Secretary |
Vice President and Chief Compliance Officer
|
||
| David Hanley | Vice President and Treasurer |
None
|
||
| Barry Mandinach | President |
None
|
||
| David C. Martin | Vice President and Chief Compliance Officer |
None
|
||
| Francis G. Waltman | Executive Vice President | Executive Vice President |
| (c) | To the best of the Registrant’s knowledge, no commissions or other compensation was received by any principal underwriter who is not an affiliated person of the Registrant or an affiliated person of such affiliated person, directly or indirectly, from the Registrant during the Registrant’s last fiscal year. |
Item 33. Location of Accounts and Records
C-6
Persons maintaining physical possession of accounts, books and other documents required to be maintained by Section 31(a) of the Investment Company Act of 1940 and the Rules promulgated thereunder include:
Secretary of the Trust:
Jennifer Fromm, Esq.
100 Pearl Street
Hartford, CT 06103
Investment Adviser:
Virtus Investment Advisers, Inc.
100 Pearl Street
Hartford, CT 06103
Subadviser to International Series:
Aberdeen Asset Management, Inc.
1735 Market Street, 32nd Floor
Philadelphia, PA 19103
Subadviser for Real Estate Securities Series:
Duff & Phelps Investment Management Co.
200 South Wacker Drive, Suite 500
Chicago, IL 60606
Subadviser for Growth & Income Series, Premium AlphaSector ® Series and Strategic Allocation Series:
Euclid Advisors, LLC
100 Pearl Street
Hartford, CT 06103
Subadviser for Premium AlphaSector ® Series:
F-Squared Institutional Advisors, LLC
80 William Street
Wellesley, MA 02481
Subadviser to Capital Growth Series, Small-Cap Growth Series and Small-Cap Value Series:
Kayne Anderson Rudnick Investment Management, LLC
1800 Avenue of the Stars
Second Floor
Los Angeles, CA 90067
Subadviser to Multi-Sector Fixed Income Series:
Newfleet Asset Management, LLC
100 Pearl Street
Hartford, CT 06103
Principal Underwriter:
VP Distributors, LLC
100 Pearl Street
Hartford, CT 06103
Custodian:
JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association
One Chase Manhattan Plaza, 19 th Floor
New York, NY 10005
Administrator:
Virtus Fund Services, LLC
100 Pearl Street
Hartford, CT 06103
C-7
Transfer Agent, Fund Accountant, Subadministrator and Dividend Dispersing Agent:
BNY Mellon Investment Servicing (US) Inc.
301 Bellevue Parkway
Wilmington, DE 19809
Item 34. Management Services
None.
Item 35. Undertakings
Not applicable.
C-8
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933 and the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, the Registrant certifies that it meets all of the requirements for effectiveness for this registration statement under Rule 485(b) of the Securities Act and has duly caused this amendment to the registration statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, duly authorized, in the City of Hartford and the State of Connecticut on the 29 th day of April, 2015.
| Virtus Variable Insurance Trust | ||
| By: | /s/ George R. Aylward | |
| George R. Aylward | ||
| President | ||
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this amendment to the registration statement has been signed below by the following persons in the capacities and on the 29 th day of April, 2015.
|
Signature |
Title |
|
|
/s/ W. Patrick Bradley |
Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer | |
| W. Patrick Bradley | ||
| Trustee | ||
| Thomas J. Brown* | ||
| Trustee | ||
| Roger A. Gelfenbien* | ||
| Trustee | ||
| John R. Mallin* | ||
| Trustee | ||
| Hassell H. McClellan* | ||
| Trustee | ||
| Geraldine M. McNamara* | ||
| Trustee and Chairman | ||
| Philip R. McLoughlin* | ||
|
/s/ George R. Aylward |
President and Trustee | |
| George R. Aylward |
| By: | /s/ George R. Aylward |
* George R. Aylward, pursuant to Powers of Attorney.
S-1
Exhibit Index
| d.6.b | Second Amendment to Subadvisory Agreement between Kayne and VIA |
| i.2 | Consent of Sullivan & Worcester |
| j | Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm |
Exhibit 99.(d).6.b
SECOND AMENDMENT
TO SUBADVISORY AGREEMENT
THIS AMENDMENT effective as of the 1 st day of January 2015 amends that certain Subadvisory Agreement effective September 30, 2011 (the “Agreement”) among Virtus Variable Insurance Trust (the “Fund”), an open-end investment company of the series type registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940 (the “Act”), on behalf of its series Virtus Small-Cap Growth Series, Virtus Small-Cap Value Series and Virtus Capital Growth Series (collectively, the “Series”), Virtus Investment Advisers, Inc., a Massachusetts corporation (the “Adviser”), and Kayne Anderson Rudnick Investment Management, LLC, a California limited liability company (the “Subadviser”), as follows:
| 1. | The subadvisory fee for the Series is hereby set forth on Schedule C to the Agreement. Schedule C is hereby deleted and Schedule C attached hereto is substituted in its place. |
| 2. | This term of this Amendment to the Agreement, taken together with the entire Agreement, and any amendments thereto, with respect to the Series, shall become effective on the date set forth above, and shall continue in effect until December 31, 2015. The term of each of the other Designated Series is unaffected by this Amendment. The Agreement shall continue from year to year thereafter only so long as its continuance has been specifically approved at least annually by the Trustees in accordance with Section 15(a) of the Act, and by the majority vote of the disinterested Trustees in accordance with the requirements of Section 15(c) thereof. |
| 3. | Except as expressly amended hereby, all provisions of the Agreement shall remain in full force and effect and are unchanged in all other respects. All initial capitalized terms used but not defined herein shall have such meanings as ascribed thereto in the Agreement. |
| 4. | This Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts (including executed counterparts delivered and exchanged by facsimile transmission) with the same effect as if all signing parties had originally signed the same document, and all counterparts shall be construed together and shall constitute the same instrument. For all purposes, signatures delivered and exchanged by facsimile transmission shall be binding and effective to the same extent as original signatures. |
[signature page follows]
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto intending to be legally bound have caused this Agreement to be executed by their duly authorized officers.
VIRTUS VARIABLE INSURANCE TRUST
By: /s/ W. Patrick Bradley
Name: W. Patrick Bradley
Title: Senior Vice President, Chief Financial
Officer & Treasurer
VIRTUS INVESTMENT ADVISERS, INC.
By: /s/ Francis G. Waltman
Name: Francis G. Waltman
Title: Executive Vice President
ACCEPTED:
KAYNE ANDERSON RUDNICK INVESTMENT
MANAGEMENT, LLC
By: /s/ Jeannine Vanian
Name: Jeannine Vanian
Title: Chief Operating Officer
SCHEDULE C
(a) For services provided to the Fund, the Adviser will pay to the Subadviser a fee, payable in arrears at the annual rate stated below. The fee shall be prorated for any month during which this Agreement is in effect for only a portion of the month. In computing the fee to be paid to the Subadviser, the net asset value of each Designated Series shall be valued as set forth in the then current registration statement of the Fund.
(b) For the Series, the fee to be paid to the Subadviser is to be 50% of the net advisory fee. For this purpose, the “net advisory fee” means the advisory fee paid to the Adviser after accounting for any applicable fee waiver and/or expense limitation agreement, which shall not include reimbursement of the Adviser for any expenses or recapture of prior waivers. In the event that the Adviser waives its entire fee and also assumes expenses of the Fund pursuant to an applicable expense limitation agreement, the Subadviser will similarly waive its entire fee and will share in the expense assumption by contributing 50% of the assumed amount. However, because the Subadviser shares the fee waiver and/or expense assumption equally with the Adviser, if during the term of this Agreement the Adviser later recaptures some or all of the fees so waived or expenses so assumed by the Adviser and the Subadviser together, the Adviser shall pay to the Subadviser 50% of the amount recaptured.
Exhibit 99.(i).2
CONSENT OF SULLIVAN & WORCESTER LLP
We hereby consent to the use of our name and any reference to our firm in the Statement of Additional Information of Virtus Variable Insurance Trust (the “Trust”), included as part of Post-Effective Amendment No. 74 to the Trust’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 033-05033). In giving such consent, we do not thereby admit that we come within the category of persons whose consent is required under Section 7 of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission thereunder.
/s/ Sullivan & Worcester LLP
Sullivan & Worcester LLP
Washington, DC
April 28, 2015
Exhibit 99.(j)
CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
We hereby consent to the incorporation by reference in this Registration Statement on Form N-1A of our report dated March 2, 2015, relating to the financial statements and financial highlights which appears in the December 31, 2014 Annual Report to Shareholders of Virtus Variable Insurance Trust, which is also incorporated by reference into the Registration Statement. We also consent to the references to us under the headings “Financial Highlights”, “Non-Public Portfolio Holdings Information”, “Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm” and “Financial Statements” in such Registration Statement.
/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
April 29, 2015