1933 Act File No. 333-208597
1940 Act File No. 811-22554
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM N-2
REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933 | |
PRE-EFFECTIVE AMENDMENT NO. | |
X | POST-EFFECTIVE AMENDMENT NO. 5 |
REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT OF 1940 | |
X | AMENDMENT NO. 11 |
VERTICAL CAPITAL INCOME FUND
Principal Executive Offices
80 Arkay Drive, Suite 110, Hauppauge, NY 11788
1-631-470-2600
Agent for Service
The Corporation Trust Company
Corporation Trust Center
1209 Orange Street
Wilmington, Delaware 19801
Copies of information to:
JoAnn Strasser, Esq.
Thompson Hine LLP
Columbus, OH 43215
|
Richard Malinowski, Esq. Gemini Fund Services, LLC 80 Arkay Drive, Suite 110 Hauppauge, NY 11788 (631) 470-2734 |
Approximate Date of Proposed Public Offering: As soon as practicable after the effective date of this Registration Statement.
If any securities being registered on this form will be offered on a delayed or continuous basis in reliance on Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, other than securities offered in connection with a dividend reinvestment plan, check the following box. ☒
It is proposed that this filing will become effective (check applicable box):
when declared effective pursuant to section 8(c), or as follows: | |
immediately upon filing pursuant to paragraph (b) of Rule 486. | |
X | on February 1, 2019 pursuant to paragraph (b) of Rule 486. |
60 days after filing pursuant to paragraph (a) of Rule 486. | |
on (date) pursuant to paragraph (a) of Rule 486. | |
If appropriate, check the following box: | |
This [post-effective] amendment designates a new effective date for a previously | |
filed [post-effective amendment] [registration statement]. | |
This Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462 | |
(b) under the Securities Act and the Securities Act registration number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering is _______. |
PROSPECTUS
February 1, 2019
Vertical Capital Income Fund
Class A Shares | (VCAPX) |
Class C Shares | (VCCPX) |
Shares of Beneficial Interest
$2,500 minimum purchase for regular accounts
$1,000 minimum purchase for retirement plan accounts
Vertical Capital Income Fund (the "Fund") is a continuously offered, diversified, closed-end management investment company that is operated as an interval fund. Pursuant to the Fund's interval fund structure, the Fund will conduct quarterly repurchase offers of from 5% to 25% of the Fund's outstanding shares at each class’ specific net asset value per share. Even though the Fund will make quarterly repurchase offers, investors should consider the Fund's shares to have limited liquidity.
The Securities and Exchange Commission has not approved or disapproved these securities or determined if this Prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
This Prospectus concisely provides the information that a prospective investor should know about the Fund before investing. You are advised to read this Prospectus carefully and to retain it for future reference. Additional information about the Fund, including a Statement of Additional Information ("SAI") dated February 1, 2019, has been filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC"). The SAI is available upon request and without charge by writing the Fund at c/o Gemini Fund Services, LLC, 80 Arkay Drive, Suite 110, Hauppauge, NY 11788, or by calling toll-free 1-866-277-VCIF. The table of contents of the SAI appears on page 45 of this Prospectus. You may request the Fund's SAI, annual and semi-annual reports, and other information about the Fund or make shareholder inquiries by calling 1-866-277-VCIF or by visiting www.vertical-incomefund.com. The SAI is hereby incorporated by reference into this Prospectus. The SAI, material incorporated by reference and other information about the Fund, is also available on the SEC's website at http://www.sec.gov. The address of the SEC's website is provided solely for the information of prospective shareholders and is not intended to be an active link.
Investment Objective. The Fund's investment objective is to seek income.
Investment Strategy. The Fund invests substantially all its assets in income-producing first lien whole loans secured by residential real estate. The Fund acquires loans with varying terms and structures, levels of borrower equity and credit profiles. The Fund does not limit the allocation of Fund assets in performing loans along the dimensions of terms and structures, borrower equity, and credit profiles. Up to 10% of the loans may be delinquent or in default at the time of acquisition. The Fund will not
purchase loans that currently are in foreclosure; however, loans acquired by the Fund may go into foreclosure subsequent to acquisition by the Fund. In addition, the Fund may invest up to approximately 10% of its assets in loans that are classified as “sub-prime” at the time of purchase by the Fund.
Securities Offered. The Fund engages in a continuous offering of shares. The Fund has registered 34,000,000 shares (10,000,000 in 2011, 9,000,000 in 2014 and 15,000,000 in 2015) and is authorized as a Delaware statutory trust to issue an unlimited number of shares. The Fund is offering to sell, through its distributor, under the terms of this Prospectus, 34,000,000 shares of beneficial interest, less shares previously sold. As of January 18, 2019, the Fund's Class A net asset value per share was $12.21 and Fund's Class C net asset value per share was $12.37. The Fund's shares are sold at a public offering price equal to their class-specific net asset value per share plus any applicable sales charge. The maximum Class A sales load is 5.75% of the amount invested. The minimum initial investment by a shareholder is $2,500 for regular accounts and $1,000 for retirement plan accounts. Subsequent investments may be made with at least $100 for regular accounts and $50 for retirement plan accounts. The Fund is offering to sell its shares, on a continual basis, through its distributor. The distributor is not required to sell any specific number or dollar amount of the Fund's shares, but will use reasonable efforts to sell the shares. Funds received will be invested promptly and no arrangements have been made to place such funds in an escrow, trust or similar account. During the continuous offering, shares will be sold at the class-specific net asset value of the Fund next determined plus the applicable sales load. See "Plan of Distribution." The Fund's continuous offering is expected to continue in reliance on Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933 until the Fund has sold shares in an amount equal to approximately $1 billion.
The shares have no history of public trading, nor is it intended that the shares will be listed on a public exchange at this time. Investing in the Fund's shares involves risks. See "Risk Factors" below in this Prospectus.
Investment Adviser
Oakline Advisors, LLC (the "Adviser")
Beginning on January 1, 2021, as permitted by regulations adopted by the Securities and Exchange Commission, paper copies of the Fund’s shareholder reports will no longer be sent by mail, unless you specifically request paper copies of the reports. Instead, the reports will be made available on the Fund’s website www.vertical-incomefund.com , and you will be notified by mail each time a report is posted and provided with a website link to access the report.
If you already elected to receive shareholder reports electronically, you will not be affected by this change and you need not take any action. You may elect to receive shareholder reports and other communications from the Fund electronically by contacting your financial intermediary (such as a broker-dealer or bank) or, if you are a direct investor, by following the instructions included with paper Fund documents that have been mailed to you. You may also elect to receive all future reports in paper free of charge. |
TABLE OF CONTENTS | Page |
PROSPECTUS SUMMARY | 1 |
SUMMARY OF FUND EXPENSES | 6 |
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS | 8 |
THE FUND | 11 |
USE OF PROCEEDS | 11 |
INVESTMENT OBJECTIVE, POLICIES AND STRATEGIES | 11 |
RISK FACTORS | 16 |
MANAGEMENT OF THE FUND | 20 |
DETERMINATION OF NET ASSET VALUE | 24 |
CONFLICTS OF INTEREST | 26 |
QUARTERLY REPURCHASES OF SHARES | 26 |
DISTRIBUTION POLICY | 30 |
DIVIDEND REINVESTMENT POLICY | 31 |
U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX MATTERS | 32 |
DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STRUCTURE AND SHARES | 34 |
ANTI-TAKEOVER PROVISIONS IN THE DECLARATION OF TRUST | 35 |
PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION | 35 |
CYBERSECURITY | 42 |
LEGAL MATTERS | 43 |
REPORTS TO SHAREHOLDERS | 43 |
INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM | 43 |
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION | 44 |
TABLE OF CONTENTS OF THE STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION | 45 |
PRIVACY NOTICE | 46 |
PROSPECTUS SUMMARY
This summary does not contain all of the information that you should consider before investing in the shares. You should review the more detailed information contained or incorporated by reference in this Prospectus and in the Statement of Additional Information, particularly the information set forth under the heading "Risk Factors."
The Fund. Vertical Capital Income Fund is a continuously offered, diversified, closed-end management investment company. See "The Fund." The Fund is an interval fund that will offer to make quarterly repurchases of shares at each class’ specific net asset value per share. See "Quarterly Repurchases of Shares."
Investment Objective and Policies. The Fund's investment objective is to seek income. The Fund pursues its investment objective by investing primarily in individual interest income-producing debt securities secured by residential real estate (i.e., mortgage loans made to individual borrowers that are represented by a note (the "security") and a security agreement in the form of a mortgage or deed of trust). These notes are typically sold individually or in groups or packages, all of which are difficult to value. The Fund acquires loans with varying terms and structures, levels of borrower equity and credit profiles. The Fund does not limit the allocation of Fund assets in performing loans along the dimensions of terms and structures, borrower equity, and credit profiles. Up to 10% of the loans the Fund acquires may be delinquent or in default at the time of acquisition. The Fund will not purchase loans that currently are in foreclosure; however, loans acquired by the Fund may go into foreclosure subsequent to acquisition by the Fund. In addition, the Fund may invest up to approximately 10% of its assets in loans that are classified as “sub-prime” at the time of purchase by the Fund. The Fund does not invest in foreign securities.
The Fund defines the individual borrowers issuing these types of mortgage-related notes as a type of industry. Therefore, the Fund concentrates investments in the mortgage-related industry because, under normal circumstances, it invests over 25% of its assets in mortgage-related securities. This policy is fundamental and may not be changed without shareholder approval.
Investment Strategy. The Adviser intends to primarily allocate the Fund's assets among debt securities that, in the view of the Adviser, represent attractive risk-adjusted income-producing investment opportunities. The Adviser evaluates and bids on loans based on its assessment of the ability of that loan to produce a durable and attractive level of current income. Under normal circumstances, the Fund will invest at least 25% of its net assets in mortgage-related securities represented by notes issued by individual borrowers. This policy is fundamental and may not be changed without shareholder approval. The Statement of Additional Information contains a list of the fundamental and non-fundamental (if any) investment policies of the Fund under the heading "Investment Objective and Policies." Secondarily, the Adviser considers potential for capital appreciation. The Adviser evaluates each individual borrower's likelihood of default, the liquidation value of the residential real estate collateral securing the note and the expected income of the security to assess risk versus reward. The
1 |
Adviser principally buys notes of any quality that are current on payments, or not seriously delinquent (commonly referred to as "performing") provided they satisfy the Adviser's underwriting standards and are judged to present reasonable credit risk. The Adviser then assigns a value to the loan based on its assessment of risk and return and submits that bid to the seller of the note. When constructing the Fund's portfolio, the Adviser selects securities from residential real estate sectors and geographic regions that it believes will not be highly correlated to each other or to the equity or fixed income markets in general. Generally, the Adviser expects to purchase notes at a discount to their face value to increase yield, generate capital appreciation and provide a cushion in the event of delinquency and default. The Fund may also borrow for temporary liquidity purposes and to facilitate note purchases. The Adviser may sell a security if a target price is obtained, a borrower's fundamentals deteriorate, or a more attractive investment opportunity is identified.
Investment Adviser and Fee. Oakline Advisors, LLC, the investment adviser of the Fund, is registered with the SEC as an investment adviser under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended. The Adviser is entitled to receive a monthly fee at the annual rate of 1.25% of the Fund's average daily net assets, depending upon the net assets in the Fund. The Adviser and the Fund have entered into an expense limitation and reimbursement agreement (the "Expense Limitation Agreement") under which the Adviser has agreed contractually to waive its fees and to pay or absorb the ordinary operating expenses of the Fund (including offering expenses, but excluding interest, brokerage commissions, extraordinary expenses and acquired fund fees and expenses) to the extent that they exceed 2.25% and 3.00% per annum of the Fund's Class A and Class C average daily net assets, respectively, through at least January 31, 2020 (the "Expense Limitation"). See "Management of the Fund."
Administrator, Accounting Agent and Transfer Agent. Gemini Fund Services, LLC ("GFS") serves as the administrator, accounting agent and transfer agent of the Fund. See "Management of the Fund."
Closed-End Fund Structure. Closed-end funds differ from open end management investment companies (commonly referred to as mutual funds) in that closed-end funds do not typically redeem their shares at the option of the shareholder. Rather, closed-end fund shares typically trade in the secondary market via a stock exchange. Unlike many closed-end funds, however, the Fund's shares will not be listed on a stock exchange. Instead, the Fund will provide limited liquidity to shareholders by offering to repurchase a limited amount of shares (at least 5%) quarterly, which is discussed in more detail below. The Fund, similar to a mutual fund, is subject to continuous asset in-flows, although not subject to the continuous out-flows.
Investor Suitability. An investment in the Fund involves a considerable amount of risk. It is possible that you will lose money. An investment in the Fund is suitable only for investors who can bear the risks associated with the limited liquidity of the shares and should be viewed as a long-term investment. Before making your investment decision, you should (i) consider the suitability of this investment with respect to your investment
2 |
objectives and personal financial situation and (ii) consider factors such as your personal net worth, income, age, risk tolerance and liquidity needs.
Repurchases of Shares. The Fund is an interval fund and, as such, has adopted a fundamental policy to make quarterly repurchase offers, at class-specific net asset value, of no less than 5% of the shares outstanding. There is no guarantee that shareholders will be able to sell all of the shares they desire in a quarterly repurchase offer, although each shareholder will have the right to require the Fund to purchase up to and including 5% of such shareholder's shares in each quarterly repurchase. Limited liquidity will be provided to shareholders only through the Fund's quarterly repurchases. See "Quarterly Repurchases of Shares."
Summary of Risks
Investing in the Fund involves risks, including the risk that you may receive little or no return on your investment or that you may lose part or all of your investment. Therefore, before investing you should consider carefully the following risks that you assume when you invest in the Fund's shares. See "Risk Factors."
Borrower Risk. A specific security can perform differently from the market as a whole for reasons related to the borrower, such as an individual's economic situation. Compared to investment companies that focus only on securities issued by large capitalization companies, the Fund's net asset value may be more volatile because it invests in notes of individuals. Individuals issuing notes secured by residential real estate are more likely to suffer sudden financial reversals such as (i) job loss, (ii) depletion of savings or (iii) loss of access to refinancing opportunities. Further, compared to securities issued by large companies, notes issued by individuals are more likely to experience more significant changes in market values, be harder to sell at times and at prices that the Adviser believes appropriate, and offer greater potential for losses.
Concentration Risk. Because the Fund will invest more than 25% of its assets in the mortgage-related industry, the Fund will be subject to greater volatility risk than a fund that is not concentrated in a single industry. The Fund's investments may be concentrated in regions or states, which exposes the Fund to region- or state-specific economic risks.
Credit Risk. Individual borrowers may not make scheduled interest and principal payments, resulting in losses to the Fund. In addition, the credit quality of securities may be lowered if a borrower's financial condition deteriorates, which tends to increase the risk of default and decreases a note's value. Weak or declining general economic conditions tend to increase default risk. Lower-quality notes, such as those considered "sub-prime" by the Adviser are more likely to default than those considered "prime" by the Adviser or a rating evaluation agency or service provider. An economic downturn or period of rising interest rates could adversely affect the market for sub-prime notes and reduce the Fund's ability to sell these securities. The lack of a liquid market for these securities could decrease the Fund's share price. Additionally, borrowers may seek
3 |
bankruptcy protection which would delay resolution of security holder claims and may eliminate or materially reduce liquidity.
Defaulted Securities Risk. Defaulted securities lack liquidity and may have no secondary market for extended periods. Defaulted securities may have low recovery values and defaulting borrowers may seek bankruptcy protection which would delay resolution of the Fund's claims. The Fund anticipates a significant likelihood of default by mortgage-related borrowers.
Fixed Income Risk . Typically, a rise in interest rates causes a decline in the value of fixed income securities. Rising interest rates tend to increase the likelihood of borrower default.
Leverage Risk. The use of leverage by borrowing money to purchase additional securities causes the Fund to incur additional expenses and will magnify losses in the event of underperformance of the securities purchased with borrowed money. In addition, a lender to the Fund may terminate or refuse to renew any credit facility. If the Fund is unable to access additional credit, it may be forced to sell investments at inopportune times, which may further depress the returns of the Fund.
Liquidity Risk . There is currently no secondary market for Fund shares and the Fund expects that no secondary market will develop. Limited liquidity is provided to shareholders only through the Fund's quarterly repurchase offers for no less than 5% of the shares outstanding at class-specific net asset value. There is no guarantee that shareholders will be able to sell all the shares they desire in a quarterly repurchase offer. The Fund's investments also are subject to liquidity risk because there is a limited secondary market for mortgage notes. Liquidity risk exists when particular investments of the Fund would be difficult to purchase or sell, possibly preventing the Fund from selling such illiquid securities at an advantageous time or price, or possibly requiring the Fund to dispose of other investments at unfavorable times or prices in order to satisfy its obligations.
Management Risk. The Adviser's judgments about the attractiveness, value and potential appreciation of a particular real estate segment and securities in which the Fund invests may prove to be incorrect and may not produce the desired results.
Market Risk. An investment in the Fund's shares is subject to investment risk, including the possible loss of the entire principal amount invested. An investment in the Fund's shares represents an indirect investment in the securities owned by the Fund. The value of these securities, like other market investments, may move up or down, sometimes rapidly and unpredictably. The Fund's borrowing costs, if any, will increase when interest rates rise.
Prepayment Risk. Securities may be subject to prepayment risk because borrowers are typically able to prepay principal. Consequently, a security's maturity may be longer or shorter than anticipated. When interest rates fall, obligations tend to be paid off more quickly than originally anticipated and the Fund may have to invest the prepaid
4 |
proceeds in securities with lower yields. When interest rates rise, obligations will tend to be paid off by the obligor more slowly than anticipated, preventing the Fund from reinvesting at higher yields.
Real Estate Risk. The Fund will not invest in real estate directly, but, because the Fund will invest the majority of its assets in securities secured by real estate, its portfolio will be significantly impacted by the performance of the real estate market and may experience more volatility and be exposed to greater risk than a more diversified portfolio. The value of residential real estate collateral is affected by:
(i) | changes in general economic and market conditions including changes in employment; |
(ii) | changes in the value of real estate properties generally; |
(iii) | local economic conditions, overbuilding and increased competition; |
(iv) | increases in property taxes and operating expenses; |
(v) | changes in zoning laws; |
(vi) | casualty and condemnation losses including environment remediation costs; |
(vii) | variations in rental income, neighborhood values or the appeal of property to tenants or potential buyers; |
(viii) | the availability of financing; |
(ix) | changes in interest rates and available borrowing leverage; and |
(x) | natural disasters. |
Repurchase Policy Risks. Quarterly repurchases by the Fund of its shares typically will be funded from available cash or sales of portfolio securities. The sale of securities to fund repurchases could reduce the market price of those securities, which in turn would reduce the Fund's net asset value. To the extent the Fund borrows to make repurchases, it will incur interest expense.
Servicer Risk. Because the Fund engages servicers to collect payments from borrowers, there is a risk that payments to the Fund will be delayed if a servicer fails to perform its functions or fails to perform them in a timely manner. If a servicer becomes insolvent or the Fund otherwise decides to move to a new servicer, the Fund will incur expenses in transferring servicing duties to a new servicer and borrower delinquencies would likely rise during a transition.
U.S. Federal Income Tax Matters.
The Fund has elected to be treated and intends to qualify each year for taxation as a regulated investment company under Subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the "Code"). In order for the Fund to qualify as a regulated investment company, it must meet an income and asset diversification test each year. If the Fund so qualifies and satisfies certain distribution requirements, the Fund (but not its shareholders) will not be subject to federal income tax to the extent it distributes its investment company taxable income and net capital gains (the excess of net long-term capital gains over net short-term capital loss) in a timely manner to its shareholders in the form of dividends or capital gain distributions. The Code imposes a 4% nondeductible excise tax on regulated investment companies, such as the Fund, to the extent they do not meet certain distribution requirements by the end of each calendar
5 |
year. The Fund anticipates meeting these distribution requirements. See "U.S. Federal Income Tax Matters."
Dividend Reinvestment Policy.
Unless a shareholder elects otherwise, the shareholder's distributions will be reinvested in additional shares under the Fund's dividend reinvestment policy. Shareholders who elect not to participate in the Fund's dividend reinvestment policy will receive all distributions in cash paid to the shareholder of record (or, if the shares are held in street or other nominee name, then to such nominee). See "Dividend Reinvestment Policy."
Custodian.
U.S. Bank, N.A., serves as the Fund's custodian. See "Management of the Fund."
SUMMARY OF FUND EXPENSES
Shareholder Transaction Expenses | Class A | Class C |
Maximum Sales Load (as a percent of offering price) |
5.75% | None |
Early Withdrawal Charge on Shares Repurchased Less Than 365 Days After Purchase (as a percent of original purchase) | None | 1.00% |
Wire Transfer Fee | $15 | $15 |
Annual Expenses
(as a percentage of net assets attributable to shares) |
||
Management Fees | 1.25% | 1.25% |
Interest Payments and Fees on Borrowed Funds 1 | 0.24% | 0.31% |
Other Expenses | ||
Distribution Fee | 0.00% | 0.75% |
Shareholder Servicing Expenses 2 | 0.10% | 0.10% |
Remaining Other Expenses | 1.44% | 1.44% |
Total Annual Expenses | 3.03% | 3.85% |
Fee Waiver 3 | (0.53)% | (0.54)% |
Total Annual Expenses (after fee waiver) | 2.50% | 3.31% |
1 | The Class C shares incurred different borrowing related expenses than Class A shares because Class C shares commenced operations January 23, 2018, while Class A shares were outstanding during the entire previous fiscal year. |
2 | The Fund may pay up to 0.25% for shareholder servicing. |
3 | The Adviser and the Fund have entered into an expense limitation and reimbursement agreement (the "Expense Limitation Agreement") under which the Adviser has agreed contractually to waive its fees and to pay or absorb the ordinary annual operating expenses of the Fund (including offering expenses, but excluding interest, brokerage commissions, acquired fund fees and expenses and extraordinary expenses), to the extent that they exceed 2.25% and 3.00% per annum of the Fund's Class A and Class C average daily net assets, respectively, through at least January 31, 2020 (the "Expense Limitation"). In consideration of the Adviser's agreement to limit the Fund's expenses, the Fund has agreed to repay the Adviser in the amount of any fees waived and Fund expenses paid or absorbed, subject to the limitations that: (1) the reimbursement for fees and expenses will be made only if payable not more than three years from the end of the month in which they were incurred; and (2) the reimbursement may not be made if it would cause the Expense Limitation to be exceeded or any then-current expense limitation to be exceeded. The Expense Limitation Agreement will remain in effect as described above unless and until the Board approves its modification or termination. This agreement may be terminated only by the Fund's Board of Trustees on 60 days written notice to the |
6 |
Adviser. See "Management of the Fund." Class A shares incurred 0.01% of transition expenses that were not subject to the expense limitation.
The Summary of Expenses Table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy and hold shares of the Fund. You may qualify for sales charge discounts on Class A shares on purchases of shares if you and your family invest, or agree to invest in the future, at least $200,000 in the Fund. More information about these and other discounts is available from your financial professional and in Purchase Terms starting on page 39 of this Prospectus.
The following example illustrates the hypothetical expenses that you would pay on a $1,000 investment assuming annual expenses attributable to shares remain unchanged and shares earn a 5% annual return:
Example – Class A | 1 Year | 3 Years | 5 Years | 10 Years |
You would pay the following expenses on a $1,000 investment, assuming a 5% annual return | $81 | $141 | $293 | $369 |
Example – Class C | 1 Year | 3 Years | 5 Years | 10 Years |
You would pay the following expenses on a $1,000 investment, assuming a 5% annual return | $33 | $113 | $194 | $405 |
Shareholders who choose to participate in repurchase offers by the Fund will not incur a repurchase fee. However, if shareholders request repurchase proceeds be paid by wire transfer, such shareholders will be assessed an outgoing wire transfer fee at prevailing rates charged by GFS, currently $15. The purpose of the above table is to help a holder of shares understand the fees and expenses that such holder would bear directly or indirectly. The example should not be considered a representation of actual future expenses. Actual expenses may be higher or lower than those shown.
7 |
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS
Class A
The table below sets forth audited financial data for share of beneficial interest outstanding throughout each year and period presented.
Year Ended
September 30
|
Year Ended
September 30,
|
Year Ended
September 30,
|
Year Ended
September 30,
|
Year Ended
September 30,
|
Year Ended
September 30,
|
Period Ended
September 30,
|
||||||||
Net Asset Value,
Beginning of Year |
$12.34 | $12.49 | $11.53 | $11.04 | $10.87 | $10.58 | $10.00 | |||||||
From Operations: | ||||||||||||||
Net investment
income (a) |
0.43 | 0.39 | 0.36 | 0.41 | 0.51 | 0.50 | 0.33 | |||||||
Net gain (loss) from investments (both realized and unrealized) | 0.06 | (0.04) | (b) | 1.33 | 0.56 | 0.27 | 0.28 | 0.44 | ||||||
Total from operations | 0.49 | 0.35 | 1.69 | 0.97 | 0.78 | 0.78 | 0.77 | |||||||
Distributions to shareholders from: | ||||||||||||||
Net investment income | (0.39) | (0.40) | (0.38) | (0.44) | (0.56) | (0.42) | (0.19) | |||||||
Net realized gains | (0.21) | (0.10) | (0.35) | (0.04) | (0.05) | (0.07) | — | |||||||
Total distributions | (0.60) | (0.50) | (0.73) | (0.48) | (0.61) | (0.49) | (0.19) | |||||||
Net Asset Value, End of Year | $12.23 | $12.34 | $12.49 | $11.53 | $11.04 | $10.87 | $10.58 | |||||||
Total Return (c) | 4.03% | 2.81% | 15.10% | 8.86% | 7.29 | 7.42% | 7.70% | * | ||||||
Ratios/Supplemental Data | ||||||||||||||
Net assets, end of period (in 000’s) | $137,659 | $160,630 | $182,008 | $160,382 | $108,610 | $39,987 | $11,756 |
8 |
Ratio of gross expenses to average net assets | 3.03% | (d)(e) | 2.74% | (d)(e) | 2.95% | (d)(e) | 2.67% | (d)(e) | 2.32% | (d) | 3.20% | 9.42% | ** | |
Ratio of net expenses to average net assets | 2.09% | (d)(e) | 2.04% | (d)(e) | 2.26% | (d)(e) | 2.33% | (d)(e) | 1.91% | (d) | 1.85% | 1.85% | ** | |
Ratio of net investment income to average net assets | 3.52% | (d)(e) | 3.24% | (d)(e) | 2.98% | (d)(e) | 3.54% | (d)(e) | 4.68% | (d) | 4.61% | 4.21% | ** | |
Portfolio turnover rate | 5.11% | 17.69% | 13.72% | 2.58% | 8.37% | 11.68% | 1.50% | * | ||||||
Loan Outstanding, End of Year (000s) | $6,664 | $ — | $ — | $13,522 | $3,500 | $— | $— | |||||||
Asset Coverage Ratio for Loan Outstanding (f) | 2167% | 0% | 0% | 1286% | 3203% | 0% | 0% | |||||||
Asset Coverage, per $1,000 Principal Amount of Loan Outstanding (f) | $20,680 | $ — | $ — | $12,672 | $32,031 | $ — | $ — | |||||||
Weighted Average Loans Outstanding (000s) (g) | $4,500 | $14,368 | $12,330 | $12,372 | $3,398 | $ — | $ — | |||||||
Weighted Average Interest Rate on Loans Outstanding | 4.69% | 3.88% | 3.41% | 3.25% | 3.25% | 0.00% | 0.00% |
(a) | Per share amounts are calculated using the annual average shares method, which more appropriately presents the per share data for the period. |
(b) | The amount of net gain (loss) on investments (both realized and unrealized) per share does not accord with the amounts reported in the Statement of Operations due to timing of purchases and redemptions of Fund shares. |
(c) | Total returns are historical in nature and assume changes in share price, reinvestment of dividends and capital gains distributions, if any, and excludes the effect of sales charges. Had the Adviser not waived expenses, total returns would have been lower. |
(d) | Ratio includes 0.24%, 0.14%, 0.20%, 0.27% and 0.06% for the years ended September 30, 2018, 2017, 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively, that attributed to interest expenses and fees. |
(e) | Ratio includes 0.01%, 0.05%, 0.21% and 0.21% for the years ended September 30, 2018, 2017, 2016 and the year ended 2015, respectively, that attributed to advisory transition expenses. |
(f) | Represents value of net assets plus the loan outstanding at the end of the period divided by the loan outstanding at the end of the period. |
(g) | Based on monthly weighted average. |
* | Not annualized. |
** | Annualized. |
9 |
Class C
The table below sets forth audited financial data for share of beneficial interest outstanding throughout the period presented.
Period * | ||||
Ended | ||||
September 30, 2018 | ||||
Net Asset Value, Beginning of Period | $ | 12.33 | ||
From Operations: | ||||
Net investment income (a) | 0.25 | |||
Net loss from investments (both realized and unrealized) | (0.11 | ) (f) | ||
Total from operations | 0.14 | |||
Distributions to shareholders from: | ||||
Net investment income | (0.09 | ) | ||
Total distributions | (0.09 | ) | ||
Net Asset Value, End of Period | $ | 12.38 | ||
Total Return (b) | 1.16 | % (h) | ||
Ratios/Supplemental Data | ||||
Net assets, end of period (in 000’s) | $ | 102 | ||
Ratio of gross expenses to average net assets | 3.85 | % (c)(g) | ||
Ratio of net expenses to average net assets | 2.60 | % (c)(g) | ||
Ratio of net investment income to average net assets | 2.77 | % (c)(g) | ||
Portfolio turnover rate | 5.11 | % | ||
Loan Outstanding, End of Period (000s) | $ | 6,664 | ||
Asset Coverage Ratio for Loan Outstanding (d) | 2167 | % | ||
Asset Coverage, per $1,000 Principal Amount of Loan Outstanding (d) | $ | 20,680 | ||
Weighted Average Loans Outstanding (000s) (e) | $ | 4,500 | ||
Weighted Average Interest Rate on Loans Outstanding | 4.69 | % |
* The Vertical Capital Income Fund Class C commenced operations on January 24, 2018.
(a) | Per share amounts are calculated using the annual average shares method, which more appropriately presents the per share data for the period. |
(b) | Total returns are historical in nature and assume changes in share price, reinvestment of dividends and capital gains distributions, if any, and excludes the effect of sales charges. Had the Adviser not waived expenses, total returns would have been lower. |
(c) | Ratio includes 0.31% for the period ended September 30, 2018 that attributed to interest expenses and fees. |
(d) | Represents value of net assets plus the loan outstanding at the end of the period divided by the loan outstanding at the end of the period. |
(e) | Based on monthly weighted average. |
(f) | The amount of net gain (loss) on investments (both realized and unrealized) per share does not accord with the amounts reported in the Statement of Operations due to timing of purchases and redemptions of Fund shares |
(g) | Annualized. |
(h) | Not annualized. |
10 |
The information for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2018 has been derived from the Fund's financial statements audited by Grant Thornton LLP, the Fund's independent registered public accounting firm. This information should be read in conjunction with the Fund's financial statements which, together with the report of the independent registered public accounting firm, are included in the Fund's annual report dated September 30, 2018 and are incorporated by reference in the Fund's SAI. The information for the periods prior to the fiscal year ended September 30, 2017 was audited by the Fund's former independent registered public accounting firms. The Fund's SAI, annual report and semi-annual report are available upon request, without charge, by calling the Fund toll-free at 1-877-803-6583.
THE FUND
The Fund is a continuously offered, diversified, closed-end management investment company that is operated as an interval fund. The Fund was organized as a Delaware statutory trust on April 8, 2011. The Fund's principal office is located at c/o Gemini Fund Services, LLC, 80 Arkay Drive, Suite 110, Hauppauge, NY 11788, and its telephone number is 1-866-277-VCIF.
USE OF PROCEEDS
The net proceeds of the continuous offering of shares, after payment of the sales load, will be invested in accordance with the Fund's investment objective and policies (as stated below) as soon as practicable after receipt, which the Fund expects will be less than 30 days. The Fund will pay offering expenses incurred with respect to its continuous offering. Pending investment of the net proceeds in accordance with the Fund's investment objective and policies, the Fund will invest in money market or short-term fixed-income mutual funds. Investors should expect, therefore, that before the Fund has fully invested the proceeds of the offering in accordance with its investment objective and policies, a portion of the Fund's assets would earn interest income at a modest rate.
INVESTMENT OBJECTIVE, POLICIES AND STRATEGIES
Investment Objective and Policies.
The Fund's investment objective is to seek income. The Fund pursues its investment objective by investing primarily in individual interest income-producing debt securities secured by residential real estate (i.e., mortgage loans made to individuals that are represented by a note (the "security") and a security agreement in the form of a mortgage or deed of trust). The Fund does not primarily invest in pools of mortgage-related notes, but rather note-by-note. However, these notes are typically sold in groups or packages, which are difficult to value. The Fund acquires loans with varying terms and structures, levels of borrower equity and credit profiles. The Fund does not limit the allocation of Fund assets in performing loans along the dimensions of terms and structures, borrower equity, and credit profiles. Up to 10% of the loans in the group or package may be delinquent or in default. The Fund will not purchase loans that
11 |
currently are in foreclosure; however, loans acquired by the Fund may go into foreclosure subsequent to acquisition by the Fund. In addition, the Fund may invest up to approximately 10% of its assets in loans that are classified as “sub-prime” at the time of purchase by the Fund. The Fund invests without restriction as to the credit quality of the individual borrower or the maturity of individual notes. The Fund does not invest in foreign securities. Under normal circumstances, the Fund will invest at least 25% of its net assets in mortgage-related securities represented by notes issued by individuals. This policy is fundamental and may not be changed without shareholder approval. The Statement of Additional Information contains a list of the fundamental and non-fundamental (if any) investment policies of the Fund under the heading "Investment Objective and Policies."
Investment Strategy and Criteria Used in Selecting Investments
The Adviser selects securities by evaluating all characteristics of the loan, including the borrower's credit quality and the potential liquidation value of the residential real estate collateral securing the debt obligation. When evaluating credit quality, the Adviser uses an underwriting model that takes into account the following factors, but may also take into consideration others:
Residential Borrowers
· | Borrower payment history including delinquencies and defaults |
· | Borrower credit report |
· | Borrower credit score, such as a FICO ® score |
· | Security's interest rate |
· | Borrower total debt service load |
· | Alternative sources of repayment such as liquid assets |
· | Title search of property to assure clear title by borrower |
When evaluating residential real estate collateral's potential liquidation value, the Adviser uses a collateral valuation underwriting model that takes into account the following factors, but may also take into consideration others:
· | Current quick sale property value as established by an independent broker's price opinion |
· | State laws pertaining to mortgages in that domicile |
· | Local real estate trends around the respective property |
· | Estimated foreclosure value for the property |
Even though the Adviser underwrites and models each borrower's ability to pay, it nonetheless anticipates defaults by borrowers because of difficult-to-predict economic events, such as job loss. The Adviser expects to resolve or forestall these defaults primarily through the use of repayment plans or by renegotiating note terms to lower interest and/or principal payments so that a borrower can resume payments on its note. The Adviser also may enter into an agreement with the borrower and a third-party to sell the property to the third-party for less than the principal balance on the note while forgiving any unpaid principal that remains after receiving the proceeds from the sale (commonly referred to as a short-sale). The Adviser may also pursue deed-in-lieu of
12 |
foreclosure transactions or foreclose upon the property and seek to recover its investment capital via sale of the property.
The Adviser evaluates and bids on loans based on its assessment of the ability of that loan to produce a durable and attractive level of current income. Secondarily, the Adviser considers potential for capital appreciation. Generally, the Adviser expects to purchase notes at a discount to their face value to increase yield, generate capital appreciation and provide a cushion to the effects of delinquency and default. The Fund may also borrow for temporary liquidity purposes and to facilitate note purchases. The Adviser anticipates using three primary methods of liquidating securities from the Fund:
· | Borrower sells the collateral and the note is then paid in full |
· | Borrower refinances the note, and note is then paid in full |
· | The Fund sells the note to another institution |
Other Information Regarding Investment Strategy
The Fund may, from time to time, take defensive positions that are inconsistent with the Fund's principal investment strategy in attempting to respond to adverse market, economic, political or other conditions. During such times, the Adviser may determine that the Fund should invest up to 100% of its assets in cash or cash equivalents, including money market instruments, prime commercial paper, repurchase agreements, Treasury bills and other short-term obligations of the U.S. Government, its agencies or instrumentalities. In these and in other cases, the Fund may not achieve its investment objective. The Adviser may invest the Fund's cash balances in any investments it deems appropriate. The Adviser expects that such investments will be made, without limitation and as permitted under the 1940 Act, in money market funds, repurchase agreements, U.S. Treasury and U.S. agency securities, municipal bonds and bank accounts. Any income earned from such investments is ordinarily reinvested by the Fund in accordance with its investment program. Many of the considerations entering into recommendations and decisions of the Adviser and the Fund's portfolio managers are subjective.
The frequency and amount of portfolio purchases and sales (known as the "portfolio turnover rate") will vary from year to year. The portfolio turnover rate is not expected to exceed 100%, but may vary greatly from year to year and will not be a limiting factor when the Adviser deems portfolio changes appropriate. Although the Fund generally does not intend to trade for short-term profits, the Fund may engage in short-term trading strategies, and securities may be sold without regard to the length of time held when, in the opinion of the Adviser, investment considerations warrant such action. These policies may have the effect of increasing the annual rate of portfolio turnover of the Fund. Higher rates of portfolio turnover would likely result in higher brokerage or placement agent commissions and may generate short-term capital gains taxable as ordinary income. See "Tax Status" in the Fund's Statement of Additional Information.
There is no assurance what portion, if any, of the Fund's investments will qualify for the reduced federal income tax rates applicable to qualified dividends under the Code. As a
13 |
result, there can be no assurance as to what portion of the Fund's distributions will be designated as qualified dividend income. See "U.S. Federal Income Tax Matters."
Portfolio Investments
Securities Secured by Real Estate
The Fund will invest primarily in securities secured by residential real estate. The market or liquidation value of each type of residential real estate collateral may be adversely affected by numerous factors, including rising interest rates; changes in the national, state and local economic climate and real estate conditions; perceptions of prospective buyers of the safety, convenience and attractiveness of the properties; maintenance and insurance costs; changes in real estate taxes and other expenses; adverse changes in governmental rules and fiscal policies; adverse changes in zoning laws; and other factors beyond the control of the borrowers.
Certain Legal Aspects of Notes Secured by Real Estate
Each of the Fund's mortgage-related notes will be secured by a deed of trust, mortgage, security agreement, or legal title. The deed of trust and mortgage are the most commonly used real property security devices. A deed of trust formally has three parties: (1) a debtor, referred to as the "trustor," (2) a third party referred to as the "trustee" and (3) the lender/creditor, referred to as the "beneficiary." The trustor irrevocably grants the property until the debt is paid, "in trust, with power of sale" to the trustee to secure payment of the obligation. In a mortgage note, there are only two parties, the mortgagor (commonly referred to as the borrower) and the mortgagee (commonly referred to as the investor). State law determines how a mortgage is foreclosed. The process usually requires a judicial process.
Foreclosure
Deed of Trust
Some states have a statute known as the "one form of action" rule, which requires the beneficiary of a deed of trust to exhaust the security under the deed of trust (i.e., foreclose on the property) before any personal action may be brought against the note-issuing borrower. There are two methods of foreclosing a deed of trust. Foreclosure of a deed of trust is accomplished in most cases by a non-judicial trustee's sale under the power of sale provision in the deed of trust. A judicial foreclosure (in which the beneficiary's purpose is usually to obtain a deficiency judgment where otherwise unavailable) is subject to most of the delays and expenses of other lawsuits, sometimes requiring up to several years to complete.
Mortgage
Notes owned by the Fund secured by mortgages will be foreclosed in compliance with the laws of the state where the real property collateral is located, which vary from state to state. A mortgage is a legal document in which the owner uses the title to
14 |
residential property as security for a loan described in a promissory note. If the owner fails to make payments on the promissory note then the lender can foreclose (through the courts, or in some states, without court involvement) on the mortgage to force a sale of the real property and receive the proceeds, or receive the property itself at a public sheriff's sale.
Additional Information Regarding Foreclosures and Related Issues
Redemption
After a foreclosure sale pursuant to a mortgage, the borrower and foreclosed junior lien holders may have a statutory period in which to redeem the property from the foreclosure sale by paying amounts due.
Anti-Deficiency Legislation
The Fund may acquire interests in mortgage notes which limit the Fund's recourse to foreclosure upon the security property, with no recourse against the borrower's other assets. In some jurisdictions, the Fund can pursue a deficiency judgment against the note-issuing borrower or a guarantor if the value of the property securing the note is insufficient to pay back the debt owed to the Fund. In other jurisdictions, however, if the Fund desires to seek a judgment in court against the borrower for the deficiency balance, the Fund may be required to seek judicial foreclosure and/or have other security from the borrower.
Special Considerations in Connection with Junior Encumbrances
In addition to the general considerations concerning trust deeds discussed above, there are certain additional considerations applicable to second and more junior deeds of trust ("junior encumbrances"). By its very nature, a junior encumbrance is less secure than a more senior lien. If a senior lienholder forecloses on its note, unless the amount of the bid exceeds the senior encumbrances, the junior lienholder will receive nothing. Because of the limited notice and attention given to foreclosure sales, it is possible for a junior lienholder to be "sold out," receiving nothing from the foreclosure sale. By virtue of anti-deficiency legislation, discussed above, a junior lienholder may be totally precluded from any further remedies.
Environmental
The Fund's security property may be subject to potential environmental risks. Of particular concern may be those security properties which have been built upon the site of manufacturing, industrial or disposal activity. These environmental risks may give rise to a diminution in value of the security property or liability for clean-up costs or other remedial actions. This liability could exceed the value of the real property or the principal balance of the related mortgage note. For this reason, the Fund may choose not to foreclose on contaminated property rather than risk incurring liability for remedial actions.
15 |
"Due-on-Sale" Clauses
The notes and deeds of trust held by the Fund, like those of many investors, contain "due-on-sale" clauses permitting the Fund to accelerate the maturity of a note if the note borrower sells, conveys or transfers all or any portion of the property, but may or may not contain "due-on-encumbrance" clauses which would permit the same action if the borrower further encumbers the property (i.e., executes further deeds of trust). The enforceability of these types of clauses has been the subject of several major court decisions and legislation in recent years.
Prepayment Charges
Some notes acquired by the Fund may provide for certain prepayment charges to be imposed on the note borrower in the event of certain early payments on the note. The Adviser reserves the right, at its business judgment, to waive collection of prepayment penalties.
Bankruptcy Laws
If a borrower files for protection under the federal bankruptcy statutes, the Fund will be initially barred from taking any foreclosure action on its real property security by an "automatic stay order" that goes into effect upon the borrower's filing of a bankruptcy petition. Thereafter, the Fund would be required to incur the time, delay and expense of filing a motion with the bankruptcy court for permission to foreclose on the real property security ("relief from the automatic stay order"). Such permission is granted only in limited circumstances. If permission is denied, the Fund will likely be unable to foreclose on its security for the duration of the bankruptcy, which could be a period of years. During such delay, the borrower may or may not be required to pay current interest on the note. The Fund would therefore lack the cash flow it anticipated from the note, and the total indebtedness secured by the security property would increase by the amount of the defaulted payments, perhaps reaching a total that would exceed the market value of the property.
In addition, bankruptcy courts have broad powers to permit a sale of the real property free of the Fund's lien, to compel the Fund to accept an amount less than the balance due under the note and to permit the borrower to repay over a term which may be substantially longer than the original term of the note.
RISK FACTORS
An investment in the Fund's shares is subject to risks. The value of the Fund's investments will increase or decrease based on changes in the prices of the investments it holds. This will cause the value of the Fund's shares to increase or decrease. You could lose money by investing in the Fund. By itself, the Fund does not constitute a balanced investment program. Before investing in the Fund you should consider carefully the following risks. There may be additional risks that the Fund does not currently foresee or consider material. You may wish to consult with your legal or tax advisors before deciding whether to invest in the Fund.
16 |
Borrower Risk. The value of a specific security can be more volatile than the market as a whole and can perform differently from the value of the market as a whole. The Fund's performance may be more sensitive to regional economic occurrences than the value of shares of a fund that does not invest, in part, based on the recovery value of residential real estate collateral. The value of a borrower's securities that are held in the Fund's portfolio may decline for a number of reasons that directly relate to the borrower, such as financial leverage, job loss, or an individual's other sources of revenue or repayment. Individuals may have short work histories, limited alternative employment opportunities and few resources. The risks associated with these investments are generally greater than those associated with investments in the securities of large established companies. This may cause the Fund's net asset value to be more volatile when compared to investment companies that focus only on large capitalization companies. Generally, securities of individual borrowers are more likely to experience sharper swings in market values and less liquid markets, in which it may be more difficult for the Adviser to sell at times and at prices that the Adviser believes appropriate. Further, the notes of individual borrowers, in which the Fund invests, do not trade on an exchange and trade over-the-counter and generally experience a lower trading volume than is typical for securities that are traded on a national securities exchange. Consequently, the Fund may be required to dispose of these notes over a longer period of time (and potentially at less favorable prices) than would be the case for securities of larger companies, offering greater potential for gains and losses and associated tax consequences.
Concentration Risk. Because the Fund will invest more than 25% of its assets in the mortgage-related industry, the Fund will be subject to greater volatility risk than a fund that is not concentrated in a single industry. The mortgage-related industry, as a whole, may be unstable if the price of real estate declines below a certain level or if the U.S. economy weakens below a certain level. Additionally, the Fund's investments in mortgage-related industry securities may be more volatile than securities markets in general and may perform poorly even when securities markets, in general, are rising. The Fund's investments may be concentrated in regions or states, which exposes the Fund to region- or state-specific economic risks such as higher unemployment rates, higher borrower default rates and declining property values.
Credit Risk. There is a risk that note-issuing borrowers will not make scheduled periodic interest and principal payments, resulting in losses to the Fund. Notes that pay interest periodically, but repay all principal at maturity are expected to have higher default rates. In addition, the credit quality of securities may decline if a borrower's financial condition deteriorates. Lower credit quality may lead to greater volatility in the price of a note and in shares of the Fund. Lower quality notes, such as those considered sub-prime by the Adviser are more likely to default than those considered prime by the Adviser or a rating evaluation agency or service provider. An economic downturn or period of rising interest rates could adversely affect the market for these notes and reduce the Fund's ability to sell these securities. The lack of a liquid market for these securities could decrease the Fund's share price. Additionally, borrowers may seek bankruptcy protection which will delay resolution of security holder claims and may eliminate or materially reduce liquidity. Default, or the market's perception that a borrower is likely to default, could reduce the value and liquidity of portfolio securities,
17 |
thereby reducing the value of your investment in Fund shares. In addition, default may cause the Fund to incur expenses in seeking recovery of principal or interest on its portfolio holdings. Lower quality notes offer the potential for higher return, but also involve greater risk than debt securities of higher quality, including an increased possibility that the borrower or guarantor, if any, may not be able to make its payments of interest and principal. If that happens, the value of the security will decrease and may become worthless. This will cause the Fund's share price to decrease and its income will be reduced.
Defaulted Securities Risk. Defaulted securities lack liquidity and may have no secondary market for extended periods. Defaulted securities may have low recovery values and defaulting borrowers may seek bankruptcy protection which would delay resolution of the Fund's claims. The Fund anticipates a significant likelihood of default by mortgage-related borrowers. Defaulted securities will not make scheduled interest or principal payments which will reduce the Fund's returns and ability to make distributions. Defaulted securities may become worthless.
Fixed Income Risk. When the Fund invests in fixed income securities, the value of your investment in the Fund will fluctuate with changes in interest rates. Typically, a rise in interest rates causes a decline in the value of fixed income securities. In general, the market price of debt securities with longer maturities will increase or decrease more in response to changes in interest rates than shorter-term securities. Other risk factors include credit risk (the debtor may default) and prepayment risk (the debtor may pay its obligation early, reducing the amount of interest payments). Rising interest rates tend to increase the likelihood of borrower default. These risks could affect the value of a particular investment, possibly causing the Fund's share price and total return to be reduced and fluctuate more than other types of investments.
Leverage Risk. The use of leverage by borrowing money to purchase additional securities causes the Fund to incur additional expenses and will magnify losses in the event of underperformance of the securities purchased with borrowed money.
Generally, the use of leverage also will cause the Fund to have higher expenses (mostly interest expenses) than those of funds that do not use such techniques. In addition, a lender to the Fund may terminate or refuse to renew any credit facility. If the Fund is unable to access additional credit, it may be forced to sell investments at inopportune times, which may further depress the returns of the Fund.
Liquidity Risk . The Fund is a closed-end investment company structured as an "interval fund" and designed for long-term investors. Unlike many closed-end investment companies, the Fund's shares are not listed on any securities exchange and are not publicly traded. There is currently no secondary market for the shares and the Fund expects that no secondary market will develop. Limited liquidity is provided to shareholders only through the Fund's quarterly repurchase offers for no less than 5% of the shares outstanding at class-specific net asset value. There is no guarantee that shareholders will be able to sell all of the shares they desire in a quarterly repurchase offer. The Fund's investments are also subject to liquidity risk. Liquidity risk exists when
18 |
particular investments of the Fund would be difficult to purchase or sell, possibly preventing the Fund from selling such illiquid securities at an advantageous time or price, or possibly requiring the Fund to dispose of other investments at unfavorable times or prices in order to satisfy its obligations. Funds with principal investment strategies that involve securities of individuals that may have substantial market and/or credit risk, tend to have the greatest exposure to liquidity risk.
Management Risk. The net asset value of the Fund changes daily based on the performance of the securities in which it invests. The Adviser's judgments about the attractiveness, value and potential appreciation of particular real estate segments and securities in which the Fund invests may prove to be incorrect and may not produce the desired results.
Market Risk. An investment in shares is subject to investment risk, including the possible loss of the entire principal amount invested. An investment in shares represents an indirect investment in the securities owned by the Fund. The value of these securities, like other investments, may move up or down, sometimes rapidly and unpredictably. The value of your shares at any point in time may be worth less than the value of your original investment, even after taking into account any reinvestment of dividends and distributions. The Fund's borrowing costs, if any, will increase when interest rates rise.
Prepayment Risk. Securities may be subject to prepayment risk because borrowers are typically able to prepay principal. Consequently, a security's maturity may be longer or shorter than anticipated. When interest rates fall, obligations will be paid off more quickly than originally anticipated and the Fund may have to invest the prepaid proceeds in securities with lower yields. The yield realized on a security purchased at a premium will be lower than expected if prepayment occurs sooner than expected, as is often the case when interest rates fall. When interest rates rise, certain obligations will be paid off by the obligor more slowly than anticipated, preventing the Fund from reinvesting at higher yields. The yield realized on a security purchased at a discount will be lower than expected if prepayment occurs later than expected, as is often the case when interest rates rise.
Real Estate Risk. The Fund will not invest in real estate directly, but because the Fund will concentrate its investments in securities secured by real estate, its portfolio will be significantly impacted by the performance of the real estate market and may experience more volatility and be exposed to greater risk than a more diversified portfolio. Although the Fund will not invest in real estate directly, the Fund may be subject to risks similar to those associated with direct ownership in real property. The value of the Fund's shares will be affected by factors affecting the value of real estate. These factors include, among others: (i) changes in general economic and market conditions; (ii) changes in the value of real estate properties; (iii) risks related to local economic conditions, overbuilding and increased competition; (iv) increases in property taxes and other expenses; (v) changes in zoning laws; (vi) casualty and condemnation losses, including environmental remediation costs; (vii) variations in neighborhood values or the appeal of
19 |
property to potential buyers; (viii) the availability of financing; (ix) changes in interest rates and (x) natural disasters.
Repurchase Policy Risks. Quarterly repurchases by the Fund of its shares typically will be funded from available cash or sales of portfolio securities. However, payment for repurchased shares may require the Fund to liquidate portfolio holdings earlier than the Adviser otherwise would liquidate such holdings, potentially resulting in losses, and may increase the Fund's portfolio turnover. The Adviser may take measures to attempt to avoid or minimize such potential losses and turnover, and instead of liquidating portfolio holdings, may borrow money to finance repurchases of shares. If the Fund borrows to finance repurchases, interest on any such borrowing will negatively affect shareholders who do not tender their shares in a repurchase offer by increasing the Fund's expenses and reducing any net investment income. To the extent the Fund finances repurchase proceeds by selling investments, the Fund may hold a larger proportion of its net assets in less liquid securities. Also, the sale of securities to fund repurchases could reduce the market price of those securities, which in turn would reduce the Fund's net asset value.
Repurchase of shares will tend to reduce the amount of outstanding shares and, depending upon the Fund's investment performance, its net assets. A reduction in the Fund's net assets may increase the Fund's expense ratio, to the extent that additional shares are not sold. In addition, the repurchase of shares by the Fund may be a taxable event to shareholders.
Servicer Risk. Because the Fund engages servicers to collect payments from borrowers, there is a risk that payments to the Fund will be delayed if a servicer fails to perform its functions or fails to perform them in a timely manner. A servicer may be inadequately staffed to efficiently process a higher than expected level of borrower defaults. Consequently, the Fund may experience unexpected delays in foreclosing on properties securing debts and recoveries to the Fund would likely be lower than expected. If a servicer becomes insolvent, the Fund will incur expenses in transferring servicing duties to a new servicer and borrower delinquencies and defaults would likely rise during a transfer to a new servicer. Loan servicing is subject to significant regulation and fines for violations of these regulations might be borne by the Fund because a loan servicer is an agent of the Fund.
MANAGEMENT OF THE FUND
Trustees and Officers
The Board of Trustees is responsible for the overall management of the Fund, including supervision of the duties performed by the Adviser. The Board is comprised of four trustees. The Trustees are responsible for the Fund's overall management, including adopting the investment and other policies of the Fund, electing and replacing officers and selecting and supervising the Fund's investment adviser. The name and business address of the Trustees and officers of the Fund and their principal occupations and other affiliations during the past five years, as well as a description of committees of the Board, are set forth under "Management" in the Statement of Additional Information.
20 |
Investment Adviser
Oakline Advisors, LLC located at 14675 Dallas Parkway, Suite 600, Dallas, Texas 75254, provides day to day management of the Fund's investment portfolio pursuant to an investment advisory agreement (the "Advisory Agreement") and earns a management fee at the annual rate of 1.25% of the Fund's average daily net assets. The Adviser and affiliates serve a variety of retail, registered investment adviser and institutional investor clients.
The Adviser is owned by Stratera Holdings, LLC ("Stratera"), a national sponsor of alternative investment products designed for the individual and institutional investor. The Adviser is registered as an investment adviser with the SEC under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 but has a limited history of managing a registered investment company. The Adviser's investment professionals are responsible for developing, recommending and implementing the Fund's investment strategy. The Adviser's investment professionals manage other real-estate related platforms for Stratera. The Adviser's investment professionals have significant experience and an extensive track record of investing in real estate properties, real estate-related debt and real estate industry securities. The team also has extensive knowledge of the managerial, operational and regulatory requirements of publicly registered investment companies. The Adviser relies on its parent, Stratera, for certain investment, finance, accounting, legal and administrative services. The Adviser is deemed to be controlled by Robert M. Behringer through his ownership of at least 25 percent of the parent company of the Adviser.
Under the general supervision of the Fund's Board of Trustees, the Adviser will carry out the investment and reinvestment of the net assets of the Fund, will furnish continuously an investment program with respect to the Fund, and determine which securities should be purchased, sold or exchanged. In addition, the Adviser will supervise and provide oversight of the Fund's service providers. The Adviser will furnish to the Fund office facilities, equipment and personnel for servicing the management of the Fund. The Adviser will compensate all Adviser personnel who provide services to the Fund. In return for these services, facilities and payments, the Fund has agreed to pay the Adviser as compensation under the Advisory Agreement a monthly management fee computed at the annual rate of 1.25% of the average daily net assets. The Adviser may employ research services and service providers to assist in the Adviser's market analysis and investment selection.
A discussion regarding the basis for the Board of Trustees' approval of the Fund's Advisory Agreement is available in the Fund's Semi-Annual Report to Shareholders dated March 31, 2018.
The Adviser and the Fund have entered into an Expense Limitation Agreement under which the Adviser has agreed contractually to waive its fees and to pay or absorb the ordinary operating expenses of the Fund (including offering expenses, but excluding interest, brokerage commissions, extraordinary expenses and acquired fund fees and expenses) to the extent that they exceed 2.25% and 3.00% per annum of the Fund's
21 |
Class A and Class C, respective average daily net assets, at least through January 31, 2020 (the Expense Limitation). In consideration of the Adviser's agreement to limit the Fund's expenses, the Fund has agreed to repay the Adviser in the amount of any fees waived and Fund expenses paid or absorbed, subject to the limitations that: (1) the reimbursement will be made only for fees and expenses incurred not more than three years from the end of the month in which they were incurred; and (2) the reimbursement may not be made if it would cause the Expense Limitation to be exceeded or any then-current expense limitation to be exceeded. This agreement may be terminated only by the Fund's Board of Trustees on 60 days written notice to the Adviser. After January 31, 2019, the Expense Limitation Agreement may expire or be renewed or modified to limit expenses to a level different at the Adviser's and Board's discretion.
David F. Aisner
Co-Portfolio Manager
David F. Aisner is an executive vice president of the Adviser, a position held since July 2015. Mr. Aisner shares primary responsibility for management of the Fund's investment portfolio and has served the Fund in this capacity since July 2015. In addition to serving as an executive vice president of the Adviser, Mr. Aisner serves in a similar capacity for other Stratera entities that are affiliated with the Adviser. Prior to joining Stratera in 2010, Mr. Aisner was employed at iStar Financial from 2008 to 2010 in the Investments Group, performing underwriting and asset management duties on a range of deal types and asset classes. From 2002 to 2006, Mr. Aisner was a vice president at The 1794 Commodore Funds, a $100 million multi-strategy fund of funds affiliated with the William A.M. Burden & Co. family office and York Capital Management, an event-driven hedge fund. From 2000 to 2002, he was employed with R. S. Carmichael & Company, a management consulting firm catering to financial services clients. Mr. Aisner earned a Bachelor of Arts degree, double-majoring in economics and political science, from Williams College. He received an MBA with a concentration in real estate at the Wharton School of Business at the University of Pennsylvania.
Robert J. Chapman
Co-Portfolio Manager
Robert J. Chapman is executive vice president of the Adviser, a position held since July 2015. Mr. Chapman shares primary responsibility for management of the Fund's investment portfolio and has served in this capacity since July 2015. Prior to joining Stratera in 2007, Mr. Chapman was chief financial officer of AMLI Residential Properties Trust, a publicly traded multifamily real estate investment trust from 1997-2007; managing director of Heitman Capital Management Corporation (1994-1997); managing director and chief financial officer of JMB Institutional Realty Corporation (1994); and managing director and chief financial Officer of JMB Realty Corporation (1976-1994). Mr. Chapman has served as a member of the Advisory Board of the Graaskamp Center for Real Estate of the University of Wisconsin. He served as a Founding Board Member of the National Association of Real Estate Companies (NAREC) and the Real Estate
22 |
Advisory Council of the University of Cincinnati. Mr. Chapman has also been an adjunct professor of real estate finance at DePaul University in Chicago, Illinois. Mr. Chapman received a BBA degree in accounting and an MBA degree in finance from the University of Cincinnati.
The Statement of Additional Information provides additional information about the Fund's portfolio managers' compensation, other accounts managed and ownership of Fund shares.
Administrator, Accounting Agent and Transfer Agent
Gemini Fund Services, LLC, with principal offices at 80 Arkay Drive, Suite 110, Hauppauge, NY, 11788 and 17605 Wright Street, Suite 2, Omaha, NE 68130, serves as Administrator, Accounting Agent and Transfer Agent. For the services rendered to the Fund by the Administrator, the Fund pays the Administrator the greater of an annual minimum fee or an asset based fee, which scales downward based on net assets, for fund administration, fund accounting and transfer agency services. For the fiscal period ended September 30, 2016, the Fund paid $158,092, $49,026 and $181,502 for administration, fund accounting and transfer agency fees, respectively. For the fiscal period ended September 30, 2017, the Fund paid $164,308, $49,949 and $236,901 for administration, fund accounting and transfer agency fees, respectively. For the fiscal year ended September 30, 2018, the Fund paid $149,019, 52,440 and 250,305 for administration, fund accounting and transfer agency fees, respectively.
Security Servicing Agent
Statebridge Company, LLC, ("SC") serves as the Fund’s primary Security Servicing Agent. SC assists the Fund in collections from and maintenance of its securities by providing services such as contacting delinquent borrowers and managing the foreclosure process or other recovery processes for the Fund in the event of a borrower's default. SC receives service-specific fees, paid monthly. For the fiscal year ended September 30, 2016, the Fund paid $771,641 in security servicing fees. For the fiscal year ended September 30, 2017, the Fund paid $560,000 in security servicing fees. For the fiscal year ended September 30, 2018, the Fund paid $509,163 in security servicing fees.
Custodian
U.S. Bank, N.A., with principal offices at 425 Walnut Street, Cincinnati, Ohio 45202 serves as custodian for the securities and cash of the Fund's portfolio. Under a Custody Agreement, U.S. Bank, N.A. holds the Fund's assets in safekeeping and keeps all necessary records and documents relating to its duties.
Other Fund Expenses
The Adviser is obligated to pay expenses associated with providing the services stated in the Advisory Agreement, including compensation of and office space for its officers and employees connected with investment and economic research, trading and
23 |
investment management and administration of the Fund. The Adviser is obligated to pay the fees of any Trustee of the Fund who is affiliated with it.
GFS is obligated to pay expenses associated with providing the services contemplated by a Fund Services Administration Agreement (administration, accounting and transfer agent), including compensation of and office space for its officers and employees and administration of the Fund.
SC is obligated to pay expenses associated with providing the services contemplated by a servicing agreement, including compensation of and office space for its officers and employees.
The Fund pays all other expenses incurred in the operation of the Fund including, among other things, (i) expenses for legal and independent accountants' services, (ii) costs of printing proxies, share certificates, if any, and reports to shareholders, (iii) charges of the custodian and transfer agent in connection with the Fund's dividend reinvestment policy, (iv) fees and expenses of independent Trustees, (v) printing costs, (vi) membership fees in trade association, (vii) fidelity bond coverage for the Fund's officers and Trustees, (viii) errors and omissions insurance for the Fund's officers and Trustees, (ix) brokerage costs, (x) taxes, (xi) costs associated with the Fund's quarterly repurchase offers, (xii) servicing fees and (xiii) other extraordinary or non-recurring expenses and other expenses properly payable by the Fund. The expenses incident to the offering and issuance of shares to be issued by the Fund will be expensed during the 12 months following their incurrence.
The Fund pays a shareholder servicing fee at an annual rate of up to 0.25% of the average daily net assets of the Class A and Class C shares of the Fund.
The Advisory Agreement authorizes the Adviser to select brokers or dealers (including affiliates) to arrange for the purchase and sale of Fund securities, including principal transactions. Any commission, fee or other remuneration paid to an affiliated broker or dealer is paid in compliance with the Fund's procedures adopted in accordance with Rule 17e-1 under the 1940 Act.
Control Persons
A control person is one who owns, either directly or indirectly, more than 25% of the voting securities of a company or acknowledges the existence of control. As of January 11, 2019 there were no persons with beneficial ownership of Fund shares that owned more than 25% of the voting securities of the Fund.
DETERMINATION OF NET ASSET VALUE
The net asset value of shares of the Fund is determined daily, as of the close of regular trading on the NYSE (normally, 4:00 p.m., Eastern time). Each share will be offered at its class-specific net asset value plus the applicable sales load. During the continuous offering, the price of the shares will increase or decrease on a daily basis according to the net asset value of the shares. In computing net asset value, portfolio securities of
24 |
the Fund are valued at their current market values determined on the basis of market quotations, if available. Because market quotations are not typically readily available for the majority of the Fund's securities, they are valued at fair value as determined by the Board of Trustees. The Board has delegated the day to day responsibility for determining these fair values in accordance with the policies it has approved to the Adviser and GFS. Fair valuation involves subjective judgments, and it is possible that the fair value determined for a security may differ materially from the value that could be realized upon the sale of the security. There is no single standard for determining fair value of a security. Rather, in determining the fair value of a security for which there are no readily available market quotations, the Adviser may consider several factors, including fundamental analytical data relating to the investment in the security, the nature and duration of any restriction on the disposition of the security, the cost of the security at the date of purchase, the liquidity of the market for the security and the recommendation of the Fund's portfolio managers.
The Adviser and GFS will provide the Board of Trustees with periodic reports, no less frequently than quarterly, that discuss the functioning of the valuation process, if applicable to that period, and that identify issues and valuation problems that have arisen, if any. To the extent deemed necessary by the Adviser, the Valuation Committee of the Board will review any securities valued by the Adviser and GFS in accordance with the Fund's valuation policies. The Adviser will provide the Board of Trustees with periodic reports, no less frequently than quarterly, that discuss the functioning of the valuation process, if applicable to that period, and that identify issues and valuation problems that have arisen, if any. The Board has delegated execution of these procedures to a fair value team composed of one or more officers from each of the (i) Trust, (ii) administrator and (iii) Adviser. The team may also enlist third party consultants such as valuation consultants, an audit firm or financial officer of a security issuer on an as-needed basis to assist in determining a security-specific fair value. The Board reviews and ratifies the execution of this process and the resultant fair value prices at least quarterly to assure the process produces reliable results.
Non-dollar-denominated securities, if any, are valued as of the close of the NYSE at the closing price of such securities in their principal trading market, but may be valued at fair value if subsequent events occurring before the computation of net asset value materially have affected the value of the securities. Trading may take place in foreign issues held by the Fund, if any, at times when the Fund is not open for business. As a result, the Fund's net asset value may change at times when it is not possible to purchase or sell shares of the Fund. The Fund may use a third party pricing service to assist it in determining the market value of securities in the Fund's portfolio. The Fund's class-specific net asset value per share is calculated by dividing the value of the Fund's total assets (the value of the securities the Fund holds plus cash or other assets, including interest accrued but not yet received), less accrued class-specific expenses of the Fund, less the Fund's other liabilities by the weighted total number of class-specific shares outstanding.
For purposes of determining the net asset value of the Fund, readily marketable portfolio securities listed on the NYSE are valued, except as indicated below, at the last
25 |
sale price reflected on the consolidated tape at the close of the NYSE on the business day as of which such value is being determined. If there has been no sale on such day, the securities are valued at the mean of the closing bid and asked prices on such day. If no bid or asked prices are quoted on such day or if market prices may be unreliable because of events occurring after the close of trading, then the security is valued by such method as the Board shall determine in good faith to reflect its fair market value. Readily marketable securities not listed on the NYSE but listed on other domestic or foreign securities exchanges are valued in a like manner. Portfolio securities traded on more than one securities exchange are valued at the last sale price on the business day as of which such value is being determined as reflected on the consolidated tape at the close of the exchange representing the principal market for such securities. Securities trading on the NASDAQ are valued at the closing price.
Readily marketable securities traded in the over-the-counter market, including listed securities whose primary market is believed by the Adviser to be over-the-counter, are valued at the mean of the current bid and asked prices as reported by the NASDAQ or, in the case of securities not reported by the NASDAQ or a comparable source, as the Board deems appropriate to reflect their fair market value. Where securities are traded on more than one exchange and also over-the-counter, the securities will generally be valued using the quotations the Board of Trustees believes reflect most closely the value of such securities.
CONFLICTS OF INTEREST
As a general matter, certain conflicts of interest may arise in connection with a portfolio manager's management of a fund's investments, on the one hand, and the investments of other accounts for which the portfolio manager is responsible, on the other. For example, it is possible that the various accounts managed could have different investment strategies that, at times, might conflict with one another to the possible detriment of the Fund. Alternatively, to the extent that the same investment opportunities might be desirable for more than one account, possible conflicts could arise in determining how to allocate them. Other potential conflicts might include conflicts created by specific portfolio manager compensation arrangements, and conflicts relating to selection of brokers or dealers to execute Fund portfolio trades and/or specific uses of commissions from Fund portfolio trades (for example, research, or "soft dollars", if any). The Adviser has adopted policies and procedures and has structured its portfolio managers' compensation in a manner reasonably designed to safeguard the Fund from being negatively affected as a result of any such potential conflicts.
QUARTERLY REPURCHASES OF SHARES
Once each quarter, the Fund will offer to repurchase at class-specific net asset value no less than 5% of the outstanding shares of the Fund, unless such offer is suspended or postponed in accordance with regulatory requirements (as discussed below). The offer to purchase shares is a fundamental policy that may not be changed without the vote of the holders of a majority of the Fund's outstanding voting securities (as defined in the
26 |
1940 Act). Shareholders will be notified in writing of each quarterly repurchase offer and the date the repurchase offer ends (the "Repurchase Request Deadline"). Shares will be repurchased at the class-specific NAV per share determined as of the close of regular trading on the NYSE no later than the 14th day after the Repurchase Request Deadline, or the next business day if the 14th day is not a business day (each a "Repurchase Pricing Date").
Shareholders will be notified in writing about each quarterly repurchase offer, how they may request that the Fund repurchase their shares and the Repurchase Request Deadline, which is the date the repurchase offer ends. Shares tendered for repurchase by shareholders prior to any Repurchase Request Deadline will be repurchased subject to the aggregate repurchase amounts established for that Repurchase Request Deadline. The time between the notification to shareholders and the Repurchase Request Deadline is generally 30 days, but may vary from no more than 42 days, to no less than 21 days. Payment pursuant to the repurchase will be made by checks to the shareholder's address of record, or credited directly to a predetermined bank account on the "Repurchase Payment Date", which will be no more than seven days after the Repurchase Pricing Date. The Board may establish other policies for repurchases of shares that are consistent with the 1940 Act, regulations thereunder and other pertinent laws.
Determination of Repurchase Offer Amount
The Board of Trustees, or a committee thereof, in its sole discretion, will determine the number of shares that the Fund will offer to repurchase (the "Repurchase Offer Amount") for a given Repurchase Request Deadline. The Repurchase Offer Amount, however, will be no less than 5% and no more than 25% of the total number of shares outstanding on the Repurchase Request Deadline.
If shareholders tender for repurchase more than the Repurchase Offer Amount for a given repurchase offer, the Fund will repurchase the shares on a pro rata basis. However, the Fund may accept all shares tendered for repurchase by shareholders who own less than one hundred shares and who tender all of their shares, before prorating other amounts tendered.
Notice to Shareholders
Approximately 30 days (but no less than 21 days and more than 42 days) before each Repurchase Request Deadline, the Fund shall send to each shareholder of record and to each beneficial owner of the shares that are the subject of the repurchase offer a notification ("Shareholder Notification"). The Shareholder Notification will contain information shareholders should consider in deciding whether or not to tender their shares for repurchase. The notice also will include detailed instructions on how to tender shares for repurchase, state the Repurchase Offer Amount and identify the dates of the Repurchase Request Deadline, the scheduled Repurchase Pricing Date, and the date the repurchase proceeds are scheduled for payment (the "Repurchase Payment Deadline"). The notice also will set forth the class-specific NAV that has been computed
27 |
no more than seven days before the date of notification, and how shareholders may ascertain the class-specific NAV after the notification date.
Repurchase Price
The repurchase price of the shares will be the class-specific NAV as of the close of regular trading on the NYSE on the Repurchase Pricing Date. You may call 1-866-277-VCIF to learn the class-specific NAV. The notice of the repurchase offer also will provide information concerning the NAV, such as the class-specific NAV as of a recent date or a sampling of recent class-specific NAVs, and a toll-free number for information regarding the repurchase offer.
Repurchase Amounts and Payment of Proceeds
Shares tendered for repurchase by shareholders prior to any Repurchase Request Deadline will be repurchased subject to the aggregate Repurchase Offer Amount established for that Repurchase Request Deadline. Payment pursuant to the repurchase offer will be made by check to the shareholder's address of record, or credited directly to a predetermined bank account on the Repurchase Payment Date, which will be no more than seven days after the Repurchase Pricing Date. The Board may establish other policies for repurchases of shares that are consistent with the 1940 Act, regulations thereunder and other pertinent laws.
If shareholders tender for repurchase more than the Repurchase Offer Amount for a given repurchase offer, the Fund may, but is not required to, repurchase an additional amount of shares not to exceed 2% of the outstanding shares of the Fund on the Repurchase Request Deadline. If the Fund determines not to repurchase more than the Repurchase Offer Amount, or if shareholders tender shares in an amount exceeding the Repurchase Offer Amount plus 2% of the outstanding shares on the Repurchase Request Deadline, the Fund will repurchase the shares on a pro rata basis. However, the Fund may accept all shares tendered for repurchase by shareholders who own less than one hundred shares and who tender all of their shares, before prorating other amounts tendered.
Early Withdrawal Charge
Selling brokers, or other financial intermediaries that have entered into distribution agreements with the Distributor receive a commission of up to 1.00% of the purchase price of Class C shares.
Class C shareholders who tender for repurchase of such shareholder’s shares such that they will have been held less than 365 days after purchase, as of the time of repurchase, will be subject to an early withdrawal charge of 1.00% of the original purchase price. The Distributor may waive the imposition of the early withdrawal charge in the following situations: (1) shareholder death or (2) shareholder disability. Any such waiver does not imply that the early withdrawal charge will be waived at any time in the future or that such early withdrawal charge will be waived for any other shareholder.
28 |
Suspension or Postponement of Repurchase Offer
The Fund may suspend or postpone a repurchase offer only: (a) if making or effecting the repurchase offer would cause the Fund to lose its status as a regulated investment company under the Code; (b) for any period during which the NYSE or any market on which the securities owned by the Fund are principally traded is closed, other than customary weekend and holiday closings, or during which trading in such market is restricted; (c) for any period during which an emergency exists as a result of which disposal by the Fund of securities owned by it is not reasonably practicable, or during which it is not reasonably practicable for the Fund fairly to determine the value of its net assets; or (d) for such other periods as the SEC may by order permit for the protection of shareholders of the Fund.
Liquidity Requirements
The Fund must maintain liquid assets equal to the Repurchase Offer Amount from the time that the notice is sent to shareholders until the Repurchase Pricing Date. The Fund will ensure that a percentage of its net assets, including through access to a line of credit if available, equal to at least 100% of the Repurchase Offer Amount consists of assets that can be sold or disposed of in the ordinary course of business at approximately the price at which the Fund has valued the investment within the time period between the Repurchase Request Deadline and the Repurchase Payment Deadline. The Board of Trustees has adopted procedures that are reasonably designed to ensure that the Fund's assets are sufficiently liquid so that the Fund can comply with the repurchase offer and the liquidity requirements described in the previous paragraph. If, at any time, the Fund falls out of compliance with these liquidity requirements, the Board of Trustees will take whatever action it deems appropriate to ensure compliance.
Consequences of Repurchase Offers
Repurchase offers will typically be funded from available cash or sales of portfolio securities. Payment for repurchased shares, however, may require the Fund to liquidate portfolio holdings earlier than the Adviser otherwise would, thus increasing the Fund's portfolio turnover and potentially causing the Fund to realize losses. The Adviser intends to take measures to attempt to avoid or minimize such potential losses and turnover, and instead of liquidating portfolio holdings, may borrow money to finance repurchases of shares. If the Fund borrows to finance repurchases, interest on that borrowing will negatively affect shareholders who do not tender their shares in a repurchase offer by increasing the Fund's expenses and reducing any net investment income. To the extent the Fund finances repurchase amounts by selling Fund investments, the Fund may hold a larger proportion of its assets in less liquid securities. The sale of portfolio securities to fund repurchases also could reduce the market price of those underlying securities, which in turn would reduce the Fund's net asset value.
Repurchase of the Fund's shares will tend to reduce the amount of outstanding shares and, depending upon the Fund's investment performance, its net assets. A reduction in the Fund's net assets would increase the Fund's expense ratio, to the extent that
29 |
additional shares are not sold and expenses otherwise remain the same (or increase). In addition, the repurchase of shares by the Fund will be a taxable event to shareholders.
The Fund is intended as a long-term investment. The Fund's quarterly repurchase offers are a shareholder's only means of liquidity with respect to his or her shares. Shareholders have no rights to redeem or transfer their shares, other than limited rights of a shareholder's descendants to have the Fund acknowledge transfer of shares in the event of such shareholder's death pursuant to certain conditions and restrictions. The shares are not traded on a national securities exchange and no secondary market exists for the shares, nor does the Fund expect a secondary market for its shares to exist in the future.
DISTRIBUTION POLICY
Monthly Distribution Policy
The Fund intends to make a dividend distribution each month to its shareholders of the net investment income of the Fund after payment of Fund operating expenses. These monthly dividend distributions are paid to shareholders of record as of a date selected by the Board. If an investor is not a shareholder on the monthly record date, they will not receive that month’s dividend distribution. The dividend rate may be modified by the Board from time to time. If, for any monthly distribution, investment company taxable income (which term includes net short-term capital gain), if any, and net tax-exempt income, if any, is less than the amount of the distribution, then assets of the Fund will be sold and the difference will generally be a tax-free return of capital distributed from the Fund's assets. The Fund's final distribution for each calendar year will include any remaining investment company taxable income and net tax-exempt income undistributed during the year, as well as all net capital gain realized during the year. If the total distributions made in any calendar year exceed investment company taxable income, net tax-exempt income and net capital gain, such excess distributed amount would be treated as ordinary dividend income to the extent of the Fund's current and accumulated earnings and profits. Distributions in excess of the earnings and profits would first be a tax-free return of capital to the extent of the adjusted tax basis in the shares. After such adjusted tax basis is reduced to zero, the distribution would constitute capital gain (assuming the shares are held as capital assets). This distribution policy may, under certain circumstances, have certain adverse consequences to the Fund and its shareholders because it may result in a return of capital resulting in less of a shareholder's assets being invested in the Fund and, over time, increase the Fund's expense ratio. The distribution policy also may cause the Fund to sell a security at a time it would not otherwise do so in order to manage the distribution of income and gain.
Unless the registered owner of shares elects to receive cash, all dividends declared on shares will be automatically reinvested in additional shares of the Fund. See "Dividend Reinvestment Policy."
30 |
The dividend distribution described above may result in the payment of approximately the same amount or percentage to the Fund's shareholders each month. Section 19(a) of the 1940 Act and Rule 19a-1 thereunder require the Fund to provide a written statement accompanying any such payment that adequately discloses its source or sources. Thus, if the source of the dividend or other distribution were the original capital contribution of the shareholder, and the payment amounted to a return of capital, the Fund would be required to provide written disclosure to that effect. Nevertheless, persons who periodically receive the payment of a dividend or other distribution may be under the impression that they are receiving net profits when they are not. Shareholders should read any written disclosure provided pursuant to Section 19(a) and Rule 19a-1 carefully and should not assume that the source of any distribution from the Fund is net profit.
The Board reserves the right to change the monthly distribution policy from time to time.
DIVIDEND REINVESTMENT POLICY
The Fund will operate under a dividend reinvestment policy administered by GFS (the "Agent"). Pursuant to the policy, the Fund's income dividends or capital gains or other distributions (each, a "Distribution" and collectively, "Distributions"), net of any applicable U.S. withholding tax, are reinvested in shares of the Fund
Shareholders automatically participate in the dividend reinvestment policy, unless and until an election is made to withdraw from the policy on behalf of such participating shareholder. Shareholders who do not wish to have Distributions automatically reinvested should so notify the Agent in writing at Vertical Capital Income Fund, c/o Gemini Fund Services, LLC, 17605 Wright Street, Suite 2, Omaha, NE 68130. Such written notice must be received by the Agent 30 days prior to the record date of the Distribution or the shareholder will receive such Distribution in shares through the dividend reinvestment policy. Under the dividend reinvestment policy, the Fund's Distributions to shareholders are reinvested in full and fractional shares as described below.
When the Fund declares a Distribution, the Agent, on the shareholder's behalf, will receive additional authorized shares from the Fund either newly issued or repurchased from shareholders by the Fund and held as treasury stock. The number of shares to be received when Distributions are reinvested will be determined by dividing the amount of the Distribution by the Fund's class-specific net asset value per share.
The Agent will maintain all shareholder accounts and furnish written confirmations of all transactions in the accounts, including information needed by shareholders for personal and tax records. The Agent will hold shares in the account of the shareholders in non-certificated form in the name of the participant, and each shareholder's proxy, if any, will include those shares purchased pursuant to the dividend reinvestment policy. Each participant, nevertheless, has the right to request certificates for whole and fractional shares owned. The Fund will issue certificates in its sole discretion. The Agent will distribute all proxy solicitation materials, if any, to participating shareholders.
31 |
In the case of shareholders, such as banks, brokers or nominees, that hold shares for others who are beneficial owners participating under the dividend reinvestment policy, the Agent will administer the dividend reinvestment policy on the basis of the number of shares certified from time to time by the record shareholder as representing the total amount of shares registered in the shareholder's name and held for the account of beneficial owners participating under the dividend reinvestment policy.
Neither the Agent nor the Fund shall have any responsibility or liability beyond the exercise of ordinary care for any action taken or omitted pursuant to the dividend reinvestment policy, nor shall they have any duties, responsibilities or liabilities except such as expressly set forth herein. Neither shall they be liable hereunder for any act done in good faith or for any good faith omissions to act, including, without limitation, failure to terminate a participant's account prior to receipt of written notice of his or her death or with respect to prices at which shares are purchased or sold for the participants account and the terms on which such purchases and sales are made, subject to applicable provisions of the federal securities laws.
The automatic reinvestment of Dividends will not relieve participants of any federal, state or local income tax that may be payable (or required to be withheld) on such Dividends. See "U.S. Federal Income Tax Matters."
The Fund reserves the right to amend or terminate the dividend reinvestment policy. There is no direct service charge to participants with regard to purchases under the dividend reinvestment policy; however, the Fund reserves the right to amend the dividend reinvestment policy to include a service charge payable by the participants. Should the Fund amend its dividend reinvestment policy to include a service charge, shareholders will be notified by amendment to the Fund’s prospectus.
All correspondence concerning the dividend reinvestment policy should be directed to the Agent at Vertical Capital Income Fund, c/o Gemini Fund Services, LLC, 17605 Wright Street, Suite 2, Omaha, NE 68130. Certain transactions can be performed by calling the toll free number 1-866-277-VCIF.
U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX MATTERS
The following briefly summarizes some of the important federal income tax consequences to shareholders of investing in the Fund's shares, reflects the federal tax law as of the date of this Prospectus, and does not address special tax rules applicable to certain types of investors, such as corporate, tax-exempt and foreign investors. Investors should consult their tax advisers regarding other federal, state or local tax considerations that may be applicable in their particular circumstances, as well as any proposed tax law changes.
The following is a summary discussion of certain U.S. federal income tax consequences that may be relevant to a shareholder of the Fund that acquires, holds and/or disposes of shares of the Fund, and reflects provisions of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, existing Treasury regulations, rulings published by the IRS, and other
32 |
applicable authority, as of the date of this Prospectus. These authorities are subject to change by legislative or administrative action, possibly with retroactive effect. The following discussion is only a summary of some of the important tax considerations generally applicable to investments in the Fund and the discussion set forth herein does not constitute tax advice. For more detailed information regarding tax considerations, see the Statement of Additional Information. There may be other tax considerations applicable to particular investors such as those holding shares in a tax deferred account such as an IRA or 401(k) plan. In addition, income earned through an investment in the Fund may be subject to state, local and foreign taxes.
The Fund intends to continue to elect to be treated and to qualify each year for taxation as a regulated investment company under Subchapter M of the Code. In order for the Fund to qualify as a regulated investment company, it must meet an income and asset diversification test each year. If the Fund so qualifies and satisfies certain distribution requirements, the Fund (but not its shareholders) will not be subject to federal income tax to the extent it distributes its investment company taxable income and net capital gains (the excess of net long-term capital gains over net short-term capital loss) in a timely manner to its shareholders in the form of dividends or capital gain distributions. The Code imposes a 4% nondeductible excise tax on regulated investment companies, such as the Fund, to the extent they do not meet certain distribution requirements by the end of each calendar year. The Fund anticipates meeting these distribution requirements.
The Fund intends to make distributions of investment company taxable income after payment of the Fund's operating expenses no less frequently than annually. Unless a shareholder is ineligible to participate or elects otherwise, all distributions will be automatically reinvested in additional shares of the Fund pursuant to the dividend reinvestment policy. For U.S. federal income tax purposes, all dividends are generally taxable whether a shareholder takes them in cash or they are reinvested pursuant to the policy in additional shares of the Fund. Distributions of the Fund's investment company taxable income (including short-term capital gains) will generally be treated as ordinary income to the extent of the Fund's current and accumulated earnings and profits. Distributions of the Fund's net capital gains ("capital gain dividends"), if any, are taxable to shareholders as capital gains, regardless of the length of time shares have been held by shareholders. Distributions, if any, in excess of the Fund's earnings and profits will first reduce the adjusted tax basis of a holder's shares and, after that basis has been reduced to zero, will constitute capital gains to the shareholder of the Fund (assuming the shares are held as a capital asset). A corporation that owns Fund shares generally will not be entitled to the dividends received deduction with respect to all of the dividends it receives from the Fund. Fund dividend payments that are attributable to qualifying dividends received by the Fund from certain domestic corporations may be designated by the Fund as being eligible for the dividends received deduction. There can be no assurance as to what portion of Fund dividend payments may be classified as qualifying dividends. The determination of the character for U.S. federal income tax purposes of any distribution from the Fund (i.e., ordinary income dividends, capital gains dividends, qualified dividends or return of capital distributions) will be made as of the end of the Fund's taxable year. Generally, no later than 60 days after the close of its
33 |
taxable year, the Fund will provide shareholders with a written notice designating the amount of any capital gain distributions and any other distributions.
The Fund will inform its shareholders of the source and tax status of all distributions promptly after the close of each calendar year.
DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STRUCTURE AND SHARES
The Fund is an unincorporated statutory trust established under the laws of the State of Delaware upon the filing of a Certificate of Trust with the Secretary of State of Delaware on April 8, 2011. The Fund's Agreement and Declaration of Trust (the "Declaration of Trust") provides that the Trustees of the Fund may authorize separate classes of shares of beneficial interest. The Trustees have authorized an unlimited number of shares, subject to a $1 billion limit on the Fund. The Fund does not intend to hold annual meetings of its shareholders. As of January 11, 2019, of 34,000,000 shares registered, 10,864,469.798 shares were outstanding, none of which were owned by the Fund.
Title of Class | Amount Authorized |
Amount Held
By Fund |
Amount Outstanding |
Class A Shares of Beneficial Interest |
$1,000,000,000 34,000,000 shares registered |
None |
10,856,264.541 shares
NAV $12.15 per share |
Class C Shares of Beneficial Interest |
$1,000,000,000 34,000,000 shares registered |
None |
8,430.257 shares
NAV $12.31 per share |
Shares
The Declaration of Trust, which has been filed with the SEC, permits the Fund to issue an unlimited number of full and fractional shares of beneficial interest, no par value. Each share of the Fund represents a proportionate interest in the assets of the Fund with each other share in the Fund. Holders of shares will be entitled to the payment of class-specific dividends when, as and if declared by the Board of Trustees. The Fund currently intends to make dividend distributions to its shareholders after payment of Fund operating expenses including interest on outstanding borrowings, if any, no less frequently than quarterly. Unless the registered owner of shares elects to receive cash, all dividends declared on shares will be automatically reinvested for shareholders in additional shares of the Fund. See "Dividend Reinvestment Policy." The 1940 Act may limit the payment of dividends to the holders of shares. Each whole share shall be entitled to one vote as to matters on which it is entitled to vote pursuant to the terms of the Declaration of Trust on file with the SEC. Upon liquidation of the Fund, after paying or adequately providing for the payment of all liabilities of the Fund, and upon receipt of such releases, indemnities and refunding agreements as they deem necessary for their protection, the Trustees may distribute the remaining assets of the Fund among its shareholders. The shares are not liable to further calls or to assessment by the Fund. There are no pre-emptive rights associated with the shares. The Declaration of Trust provides that the Fund's shareholders are not liable for any liabilities of the Fund. Although shareholders of an unincorporated statutory trust established under Delaware law, in certain limited circumstances, may be held personally liable for the obligations of the Fund as though they were general partners, the provisions of the Declaration of
34 |
Trust described in the foregoing sentence make the likelihood of such personal liability remote.
The Fund generally will not issue share certificates. However, upon written request to the Fund's transfer agent, a share certificate may be issued at the Fund's discretion for any or all of the full shares credited to an investor's account. Share certificates that have been issued to an investor may be returned at any time. The Fund's transfer agent will maintain an account for each shareholder upon which the registration of shares are recorded, and transfers, permitted only in rare circumstances, such as death, will be reflected by bookkeeping entry, without physical delivery. GFS will require that a shareholder provide requests in writing, accompanied by a valid signature guarantee form, when changing certain information in an account such as wiring instructions or telephone privileges.
ANTI-TAKEOVER PROVISIONS IN THE DECLARATION OF TRUST
The Declaration of Trust includes provisions that could have the effect of limiting the ability of other entities or persons to acquire control of the Fund or to change the composition of the Board of Trustees, and could have the effect of depriving the Fund's shareholders of an opportunity to sell their shares at a premium over prevailing market prices, if any, by discouraging a third party from seeking to obtain control of the Fund. These provisions may have the effect of discouraging attempts to acquire control of the Fund, which attempts could have the effect of increasing the expenses of the Fund and interfering with the normal operation of the Fund. The Trustees are elected for indefinite terms and do not stand for reelection. A Trustee may be removed from office without cause only by a written instrument signed or adopted by a majority of the remaining Trustees. The Declaration of Trust does not contain any other specific inhibiting provisions that would operate only with respect to an extraordinary transaction such as a merger, reorganization, tender offer, sale or transfer of substantially all of the Fund's asset, or liquidation. Reference should be made to the Declaration of Trust on file with the SEC for the full text of these provisions.
PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION
Distributor
Northern Lights Distributors, LLC (the "Distributor"), located at 17605 Wright Street, Omaha, NE 68130, is serving as the Fund's principal underwriter and acts as the distributor of the Fund's shares on a reasonable efforts basis, subject to various conditions. The Fund's shares are offered for sale through the Distributor at class-specific net asset value plus the applicable sales load. The Distributor also may enter into selected dealer agreements with other broker dealers for the sale and distribution of the Fund's shares.
In reliance on Rule 415, the Fund intends to offer to sell up to $1,000,000,000 of its shares, on a continual basis, through the Distributor. No arrangement has been made to place funds received in an escrow, trust or similar account. The Distributor is not
35 |
required to sell any specific number or dollar amount of the Fund's shares, but will use reasonable efforts to sell the shares. Shares of the Fund will not be listed on any national securities exchange and the Distributor will not act as a market marker in Fund shares.
The Adviser or its affiliates, in the Adviser's discretion and from their own resources, may pay additional compensation to brokers or dealers, as well as to their registered representatives through payments flowing through their respective broker or dealer in connection with the sale and distribution of Fund shares (the "Additional Compensation"). In some situations, in return for the Additional Compensation, the Fund may receive certain marketing advantages including access to a broker's or dealer's registered representatives, placement on a list of investment options offered by a broker or dealer, or the ability to assist in training and educating the broker's or dealer's registered representatives. The Additional Compensation may differ among brokers or dealers, and their registered representatives, in amount or in the manner of calculation: payments of Additional Compensation may be fixed dollar amounts, or based on the aggregate value of outstanding shares held by shareholders introduced by the broker or dealer or their registered representatives, or determined in some other manner. The receipt of Additional Compensation by a selling broker or dealer or their registered representatives may create potential conflicts of interest between an investor and its broker or dealer or their registered representatives who is recommending the Fund over other potential investments. Additionally, the Adviser or its affiliates pay a servicing fee to the Distributor and to other selected securities dealers and other financial industry professionals for providing ongoing broker-dealer services in respect of clients with whom they have distributed shares of the Fund. Such services may include electronic processing of client orders, electronic fund transfers between clients and the Fund, account reconciliations with the Fund's transfer agent, facilitation of electronic delivery to clients of Fund documentation, monitoring client accounts for back-up withholding and any other special tax reporting obligations, maintenance of books and records with respect to the foregoing, and such other information and liaison services as the Fund or the Adviser may reasonably request.
The Fund and the Adviser have agreed to indemnify the Distributor against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act of 1933, or to contribute to payments the Distributor may be required to make because of any of those liabilities. Such agreement does not include indemnification of the Distributor against liability resulting from willful misfeasance, bad faith or gross negligence on the part of the Distributor in the performance of its duties or from reckless disregard by the Distributor of its obligations and duties under the Distribution Agreement. The Distributor may, from time to time, engage in transactions with or perform services for the Adviser and its affiliates in the ordinary course of business.
The Fund, with respect to its Class C shares, is authorized under a "Distribution Plan" to pay to the Distributor a Distribution Fee for certain activities relating to the distribution of shares to investors and maintenance of shareholder accounts. These activities include marketing and other activities to support the distribution of the Class C shares. The Plan operates in a manner consistent with Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act, which regulates
36 |
the manner in which an open-end investment company may directly or indirectly bear the expenses of distributing its shares. Although the Fund is not an open-end investment company, it has undertaken to comply with the terms of Rule 12b-1 as a condition of an exemptive order under the 1940 Act which permits it to have asset based distribution fees. Under the Distribution Plan, the Fund pays the Distributor a Distribution Fee at an annual rate of 0.75% of average daily net assets attributable to Class C shares.
Purchasing Shares
Investors may purchase shares directly from the Fund in accordance with the instructions below. Investors will be assessed fees for returned checks and stop payment orders at prevailing rates charged by Gemini Fund Services, LLC, the Fund's administrator. The returned check and stop payment fee is currently $25. Investors may buy and sell shares of the Fund through financial intermediaries and their agents that have made arrangements with the Fund and are authorized to buy and sell shares of the Fund (collectively, "Financial Intermediaries"). Orders will be priced at the appropriate price next computed after it is received by a Financial Intermediary and accepted by the Fund. A Financial Intermediary may hold shares in an omnibus account in the Financial Intermediary's name or the Financial Intermediary may maintain individual ownership records. The Fund may pay the Financial Intermediary for maintaining individual ownership records as well as providing other shareholder services. Financial intermediaries may charge fees for the services they provide in connection with processing your transaction order or maintaining an investor's account with them. Investors should check with their Financial Intermediary to determine if it is subject to these arrangements. Financial Intermediaries are responsible for placing orders correctly and promptly with the Fund and forwarding payment promptly. Orders transmitted with a Financial Intermediary before the close of regular trading (generally 4:00 p.m. Eastern Time) on a day that the NYSE is open for business, will be priced based on the Fund's class-specific NAV next computed after it is received by the Financial Intermediary.
By Mail
To make an initial purchase by mail, complete an account application and mail the application, together with a check made payable to Vertical Capital Income Fund to:
Vertical Capital Income Fund
c/o Gemini Fund Services, LLC
17605 Wright Street, Suite 2
Omaha, NE 68130
All checks must be in US Dollars drawn on a domestic bank. The Fund will not accept payment in cash or money orders. The Fund also does not accept cashier's checks in amounts of less than $10,000. To prevent check fraud, the Fund will neither accept third party checks, Treasury checks, credit card checks, traveler's checks or starter checks
37 |
for the purchase of shares, nor post-dated checks, post-dated on-line bill pay checks, or any conditional purchase order or payment.
The transfer agent will charge a $25.00 fee against an investor's account, in addition to any loss sustained by the Fund, for any payment that is returned. It is the policy of the Fund not to accept applications under certain circumstances or in amounts considered disadvantageous to shareholders. The Fund reserves the right to reject any application.
By Wire — Initial Investment
To make an initial investment in the Fund, the transfer agent must receive a completed account application before an investor wires funds. Investors may mail or overnight deliver an account application to the transfer agent. Upon receipt of the completed account application, the transfer agent will establish an account. The account number assigned will be required as part of the instruction that should be provided to an investor's bank to send the wire. An investor's bank must include both the name of the Fund, the account number, and the investor's name so that monies can be correctly applied. If you wish to wire money to make an investment in the Fund, please call the Fund at 1-866-277-VCIF for wiring instructions and to notify the Fund that a wire transfer is coming. Any commercial bank can transfer same-day funds via wire. The Fund will normally accept wired funds for investment on the day received if they are received by the Fund's designated bank before the close of regular trading on the NYSE. Your bank may charge you a fee for wiring same-day funds. The bank should transmit funds by wire to:
ABA #: (number provided by calling toll-free number above)
Credit: Gemini Fund Services, LLC
Account #: (number provided by calling toll-free number above)
Further Credit:
Vertical Capital Income Fund
(shareholder registration)
(shareholder account number)
By Wire — Subsequent Investments
Before sending a wire, investors must contact Gemini Fund Services, LLC to advise them of the intent to wire funds. This will ensure prompt and accurate credit upon receipt of the wire. Wired funds must be received prior to 4:00 p.m. Eastern time to be eligible for same day pricing. The Fund, and its agents, including the transfer agent and custodian, are not responsible for the consequences of delays resulting from the banking or Federal Reserve wire system, or from incomplete wiring instructions.
Automatic Investment Plan — Subsequent Investments
You may participate in the Fund's Automatic Investment Plan, an investment plan that automatically moves money from your bank account and invests it in the Fund through the use of electronic funds transfers or automatic bank drafts. You may elect to make
38 |
subsequent investments by transfers of a minimum of $100, or $50 for retirement plan accounts, on specified days of each month into your established Fund account. Please contact the Fund at 1-866-277-VCIF for more information about the Fund's Automatic Investment Plan.
By Telephone
Investors may purchase additional shares of the Fund by calling 1-866-277-VCIF. If an investor elected this option on the account application, and the account has been open for at least 15 days, telephone orders will be accepted via electronic funds transfer from your bank account through the Automated Clearing House (ACH) network. Banking information must be established on the account prior to making a purchase. Orders for shares received prior to 4:00 p.m. Eastern time will be purchased at the appropriate price calculated on that day.
Telephone trades must be received by or prior to market close. During periods of high market activity, shareholders may encounter higher than usual call waits. Please allow sufficient time to place your telephone transaction.
In compliance with the USA Patriot Act of 2001, GFS will verify certain information on each account application as part of the Fund's Anti-Money Laundering Program. As requested on the application, investors must supply full name, date of birth, social security number and permanent street address. Mailing addresses containing only a P.O. Box will not be accepted. Investors may call Gemini Fund Services, LLC at 1-866-277-VCIF for additional assistance when completing an application.
If Gemini Fund Services, LLC does not have a reasonable belief of the identity of a customer, the account will be rejected or the customer will not be allowed to perform a transaction on the account until such information is received. The Fund also may reserve the right to close the account within 5 business days if clarifying information/documentation is not received.
Purchase Terms
Class A Shares
The minimum initial purchase by an investor is $2,500 for regular accounts and $1,000 for retirement plan accounts. The Fund's shares are offered for sale through its Distributor at class-specific net asset value plus the applicable sales load. The price of the shares during the Fund's continuous offering will fluctuate over time with the net asset value of the shares. Investors in Class A shares of the Fund will pay a sales load based on the amount of their investment in the Fund. The Class A sales load payable by each investor depends upon the amount invested by such investor in the Fund, but may range from 1.00% to 5.75%, as set forth in the table below, subject to possible waiver of the sales load. A reallowance will be made by the Distributor from the sales load paid by each investor. The sales charge varies, depending on how much you invest. There are no sales charges on reinvested distributions. The Fund reserves the
39 |
right to waive sales charges. The following sales charges apply to your purchases of Class A shares of the Fund:
1 Offering price includes the front-end sales load. The sales charge you pay may differ slightly from the amount set forth above because of rounding that occurs in the calculations used to determine your sales charge.
You may be able to buy shares without a sales charge (i.e., "load-waived") when you are:
· | reinvesting dividends or distributions; |
· | participating in an investment advisory or agency commission program under which you pay a fee to an investment advisor or other firm for portfolio management or brokerage services; |
· | exchanging an investment in Class A (or equivalent type) shares of another fund for an investment in the Fund; |
· | a current or former director or Trustee of the Fund; |
· | an employee (including the employee's spouse, domestic partner, children, grandchildren, parents, grandparents, siblings, and any dependent of the employee, as defined in section 152 of the Code) of the Fund's Adviser or its affiliates or of a broker-dealer authorized to sell shares of the Fund; |
· | purchasing shares through the Fund's Adviser; or |
· | purchasing shares through a financial services firm (such as a broker-dealer, investment adviser or financial institution) that has a special arrangement with the Fund. |
In addition, concurrent purchases by related accounts may be combined to determine the application of the sales load. The Fund will combine purchases made by an investor, the investor's spouse or domestic partner, and dependent children when it calculates the sales load.
It is the investor's responsibility to determine whether a reduced sales load would apply. The Fund is not responsible for making such determination. To receive a reduced sales load, notification must be provided at the time of the purchase order. If you purchase shares directly from the Fund, you must notify the Fund in writing. Otherwise, notice should be provided to the Financial Intermediary through whom the purchase is made so they can notify the Fund.
Right of Accumulation
40 |
For the purposes of determining the applicable reduced sales charge, the right of accumulation allows you to include prior purchases of shares of the Fund as part of your current investment as well as reinvested dividends. To qualify for this option, you must be either:
· | an individual; |
· | an individual and spouse purchasing shares for your own account or trust or custodial accounts for your minor children; or |
· | a fiduciary purchasing for any one trust, estate or fiduciary account, including employee benefit plans created under Sections 401, 403 or 457 of the Code, including related plans of the same employer. |
If you plan to rely on this right of accumulation, you must notify the Fund's Distributor at the time of your purchase. You will need to give the Distributor your account numbers. Existing holdings of family members or other related accounts of a shareholder may be combined for purposes of determining eligibility. If applicable, you will need to provide the account numbers of your spouse and your minor children as well as the ages of your minor children.
Letter of Intent
The letter of intent allows you to count all investments within a 13-month period in shares of the Fund as if you were making them all at once for the purposes of calculating the applicable reduced sales charges. The minimum initial investment under a letter of intent is 5% of the total letter of intent amount. The letter of intent does not preclude the Fund from discontinuing sales of its shares. You may include a purchase not originally made pursuant to a letter of intent under a letter of intent entered into within 90 days of the original purchase. To determine the applicable sales charge reduction, you also may include (1) the cost of shares of the Fund which were previously purchased at a price including a front end sales charge during the 90-day period prior to the Distributor receiving the letter of intent, and (2) the historical cost of shares of other funds you currently own acquired in exchange for shares the Fund purchased during that period at a price including a front-end sales charge. You may combine purchases and exchanges by family members (limited to spouse and children, under the age of 21, living in the same household). You should retain any records necessary to substantiate historical costs because the Fund, the transfer agent and any financial intermediaries may not maintain this information. Shares acquired through reinvestment of dividends are not aggregated to achieve the stated investment goal.
Class C Shares
The minimum initial purchase by an investor is $2,500 for regular accounts and $1,000 for retirement plan accounts. The Fund's Class C shares are offered for sale through its Distributor at the class-specific net asset value. The price of the shares during the Fund's continuous offering will fluctuate over time with the class-specific net asset value of the shares. Because the Class C shares of the Fund are sold at the prevailing class-specific NAV per Class C share without an upfront sales load, the entire amount of your purchase is invested immediately. Class C shareholders who tender for repurchase of
41 |
such shareholder's shares such that they will have been held less than 365 days after purchase, as of the time of repurchase, will be subject to an early withdrawal charge of 1.00% of the original purchase price. The Distributor may waive the imposition of the early withdrawal charge in the following situations: (1) shareholder death or (2) shareholder disability. Any such waiver does not imply that the early withdrawal charge will be waived at any time in the future or that such early withdrawal charge will be waived for any other shareholder.
Share Class Considerations
When selecting a share class, you should consider the following:
· | the amount you intend to invest; |
· | how long you expect to own the shares; and |
· | total costs and expenses associated with a particular share class. |
Each investor's financial considerations are different. You should speak with your financial advisor to help you decide which share class is best for you. Not all financial intermediaries offer all classes of shares. If your financial intermediary offers more than one class of shares, you should carefully consider which class of shares to purchase.
Shareholder Service Expenses
The Fund has adopted a "Shareholder Services Plan" under which the Fund may compensate financial industry professionals for providing ongoing services in respect of clients with whom they have distributed shares of the Fund or provide shareholder services. Such services may include electronic processing of client orders, electronic fund transfers between clients and the Fund, account reconciliations with the Fund's transfer agent, facilitation of electronic delivery to clients of Fund documentation, monitoring client accounts for back-up withholding and any other special tax reporting obligations, maintenance of books and records with respect to the foregoing, and such other information and liaison services as the Fund or the Adviser may reasonably request. Under the Shareholder Services Plan, the Fund may incur expenses on an annual basis equal to up to 0.25% of the average net assets of Class A and Class C shares.
CYBERSECURITY
The computer systems, networks and devices used by the Fund and its service providers to carry out routine business operations employ a variety of protections designed to prevent damage or interruption from computer viruses, network failures, computer and telecommunication failures, infiltration by unauthorized persons and security breaches. Despite the various protections utilized by the Fund and its service providers, systems, networks, or devices potentially can be breached. The Fund and shareholders could be negatively impacted as a result of a cybersecurity breach.
42 |
Cybersecurity breaches can include unauthorized access to systems, networks, or devices; infection from computer viruses or other malicious software code; and attacks that shut down, disable, slow, or otherwise disrupt operations, business processes, or website access or functionality. Cybersecurity breaches may cause disruptions and impact the Fund's business operations, potentially resulting in financial losses; interference with the Fund's ability to calculate NAV; impediments to trading; the inability of the Fund, the Adviser, and other service providers to transact business; violations of applicable privacy and other laws; regulatory fines, penalties, reputational damage, reimbursement or other compensation costs, or additional compliance costs; as well as the inadvertent release of confidential information.
Similar adverse consequences could result from cybersecurity breaches affecting issuers of securities in which the Fund invests; counterparties with which the Fund engages in transactions; governmental and other regulatory authorities; exchange and other financial market operators, banks, brokers, dealers, insurance companies, and other financial institutions (including financial intermediaries and service providers for the Fund's shareholders); and other parties. In addition, substantial costs may be incurred by these entities in order to prevent any cybersecurity breaches in the future.
LEGAL MATTERS
Certain legal matters in connection with the shares will be passed upon for the Fund by Thompson Hine LLP, 41 South High Street, Suite 1700, Columbus, OH 43215.
REPORTS TO SHAREHOLDERS
The Fund will send to its shareholders unaudited semi-annual and audited annual reports, including a list of investments held.
Householding
In an effort to decrease costs, the Fund intends to reduce the number of duplicate annual and semi-annual reports by sending only one copy of each to those addresses shared by two or more accounts and to shareholders reasonably believed to be from the same family or household. Once implemented, a shareholder must call 1-866-277-VCIF to discontinue householding and request individual copies of these documents. Once the Fund receives notice to stop householding, individual copies will be sent beginning thirty days after receiving your request. This policy does not apply to account statements.
INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
Grant Thornton LLP, located at principal business address 171 N. Clark Street, Chicago, Illinois 60601, serves as the fund’s independent registered public accounting firm, providing audit services and review of certain documents to be filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission.
43 |
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
The Prospectus and the Statement of Additional Information do not contain all of the information set forth in the Registration Statement that the Fund has filed with the SEC (file No. 333-208597). The complete Registration Statement may be obtained from the SEC at www.sec.gov. See the cover page of this Prospectus for information about how to obtain a paper copy of the Registration Statement or Statement of Additional Information without charge.
44 |
TABLE OF CONTENTS OF THE STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
General Information and History | 2 |
Investment Objective and Policies | 3 |
Management of the Fund | 24 |
Codes of Ethics | 30 |
Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures | 31 |
Control Persons and Principal Holders | 31 |
Investment Advisory and Other Services | 32 |
Portfolio Managers | 33 |
Allocation of Brokerage | 35 |
Tax Status | 36 |
Other Information | 40 |
Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm | 41 |
Financial Statements | 41 |
Appendix A | A-1 |
45 |
PRIVACY NOTICE Rev. Nov. 2016
Vertical Capital Income Fund
FACTS | WHAT DOES VERTICAL CAPITAL INCOME FUND DO WITH YOUR PERSONAL INFORMATION? |
Why? | Financial companies choose how they share your personal information. Federal law gives consumers the right to limit some, but not all sharing. Federal law also requires us to tell you how we collect, share, and protect your personal information. Please read this notice carefully to understand what we do. |
What? |
The types of personal information we collect and share depends on the product or service that you have with us. This information can include: Social Security number and wire transfer instructions account transactions and transaction history
investment experience and purchase history
|
How? | All financial companies need to share customers' personal information to run their everyday business. In the section below, we list the reasons financial companies can share their customers' personal information; the reasons the Fund chooses to share; and whether you can limit this sharing. |
Reasons we can share your personal information: | Does the Fund share information? | Can you limit this sharing? | |
For our everyday business purposes - such as to process your transactions, maintain your account(s), respond to court orders and legal investigations, or report to credit bureaus. | YES | NO | |
For our marketing purposes - to offer our products and services to you. | NO | We don't share | |
For joint marketing with other financial companies. | NO | We don't share | |
For our affiliates' everyday business purposes - information about your transactions and records. | NO | We don't share | |
For our affiliates' everyday business purposes - information about your credit worthiness. | NO | We don't share | |
For nonaffiliates to market to you | NO | We don't share | |
QUESTIONS? | Call 1-402-493-4603 | ||
46 |
PRIVACY NOTICE
Vertical Capital Income Fund
Page 2 |
What we do : | |
How does the Fund protect my personal information? |
To protect your personal information from unauthorized access and use, we use security measures that comply with federal law. These measures include computer safeguards and secured files and buildings.
Our service providers are held accountable for adhering to strict policies and procedures to prevent any misuse of your nonpublic personal information. |
How does the Fund collect my personal information? |
We collect your personal information, for example, when you · open an account or deposit money · direct us to buy securities or direct us to sell your securities · seek advice about your investments We also collect your personal information from others, such as credit bureaus, affiliates, or other companies. |
Why can't I limit all sharing? |
Federal law gives you the right to limit only: · sharing for affiliates' everyday business purposes – information about your creditworthiness. · affiliates from using your information to market to you. · sharing for nonaffiliates to market to you. State laws and individual companies may give you additional rights to limit sharing. |
Definitions | |
Affiliates |
Companies related by common ownership or control. They can be financial and nonfinancial companies. · Vertical Capital Income Fund has no affiliates. |
Nonaffiliates |
Companies not related by common ownership or control. They can be financial and nonfinancial companies. · Vertical Capital Income Fund does not share with nonaffiliates so they can market to you. |
Joint marketing |
A formal agreement between nonaffiliated financial companies that together market financial products or services to you. Vertical Capital Income Fund does not jointly market . |
Vertical Capital Income Fund
Shares of Beneficial Interest
PROSPECTUS
February 1, 2019
Investment Adviser
Oakline Advisors, LLC
All dealers that buy, sell or trade the Fund's shares, whether or not participating in this offering, may be required to deliver a Prospectus when acting on behalf of the Fund's Distributor.
You should rely only on the information contained in or incorporated by reference into this Prospectus. The Fund has not authorized any other person to provide you with different information. If anyone provides you with different or inconsistent information, you should not rely on it. The Fund is not making an offer to sell these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted.
STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
VERTICAL CAPITAL INCOME FUND
Class | A | Shares | (VCAPX) |
Class | C | Shares | (VCCPX) |
Principal Executive Offices
80 Arkay Drive, Suite 110, Hauppauge, NY 11788
1-866-277-VCIF
This Statement of Additional Information ("SAI") is not a Prospectus. This SAI should be read in conjunction with the Prospectus of Vertical Capital Income Fund, dated February 1, 2019, as it may be supplemented from time to time. The Prospectus is hereby incorporated by reference into this SAI (legally made a part of this SAI). Capitalized terms used but not defined in this SAI have the meanings given to them in the relevant class-specific Prospectus. This SAI does not include all information that a prospective investor should consider before purchasing the Fund's securities.
You should obtain and read the Prospectus and any related Prospectus supplement prior to purchasing any of the Fund's securities. A copy of the any Prospectus may be obtained without charge by calling the Fund toll-free at 1-866-277-VCIF or by visiting vertical-incomefund.com. Information on the website is not incorporated herein by reference. The Fund's filings with the SEC also are available to the public on the SEC's Internet web site at www.sec.gov . Copies of these filings may be obtained, after paying a duplicating fee, by electronic request at the following E-mail address: publicinfo@sec.gov, or by writing the SEC's Public Reference Section, 100 F Street NE, Washington, D.C. 20549.
The Securities and Exchange Commission has not approved or disapproved these securities or determined if this Statement of Additional Information is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
1 |
TABLE OF CONTENTS
General Information and History | 2 |
Investment Objective and Policies | 3 |
Management of the Fund | 24 |
Codes of Ethics | 30 |
Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures | 31 |
Control Persons and Principal Holders | 31 |
Investment Advisory and Other Services | 32 |
Portfolio Managers | 33 |
Allocation of Brokerage | 35 |
Tax Status | 36 |
Other Information | 40 |
Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm | 41 |
Financial Statements | 41 |
Appendix A | A-1 |
GENERAL INFORMATION AND HISTORY
The Fund is a continuously offered, diversified, closed-end management investment company that is operated as an interval fund (the "Fund" or the "Trust"). The Fund was organized as a Delaware statutory trust on April 8, 2011. The Fund's principal office is located at c/o Gemini Fund Services, LLC, 80 Arkay Drive, Suite 110, Hauppauge, NY 11788, and its telephone number is 1-866-277-VCIF. The investment objective and principal investment strategies of the Fund, as well as the principal risks associated with the Fund's investment strategies, are set forth in each Prospectus. Certain additional investment information is set forth below. Each share of the Fund is entitled to one vote on all matters as to which shares are entitled to vote. In addition, each share of the Fund is entitled to participate, on a class-specific basis, equally with other shares (i) in dividends and distributions declared by the Fund and (ii) on liquidation to its proportionate share of the assets remaining after satisfaction of outstanding liabilities. Shares of the Fund are fully paid, and non-assessable and have no pre-emptive, conversion or exchange rights. Fractional shares have proportionately the same rights, including voting rights, as are provided for a full share.
The Fund offers multiple classes of shares: Class A and Class C shares. These shares are offered by a combined prospectuses. Each share class represents an interest in the same assets of the Fund, has the same rights and is identical in all material respects except that (i) each class of shares may be subject to different (or no) sales loads, (ii) each class of shares may bear different (or no) distribution and shareholder servicing fees; (iii) each class of shares may have different shareholder features, such as minimum investment amounts; (iv) certain other class-specific expenses will be borne solely by the class to which such expenses are attributable, including transfer agent fees attributable to a specific class of shares, printing and postage expenses related to preparing and distributing materials to current
2 |
shareholders of a specific class, registration fees paid by a specific class of shares, the expenses of administrative personnel and services required to support the shareholders of a specific class, litigation or other legal expenses relating to a class of shares, expenses paid as a result of issues relating to a specific class of shares and accounting fees and expenses relating to a specific class of shares and (v) each class has exclusive voting rights with respect to matters relating to its own distribution arrangements. The Board of Trustees may classify and reclassify the shares of the Fund into additional classes of shares at a future date.
INVESTMENT OBJECTIVE AND POLICIES
Investment Objective
The Fund's investment objective is to seek income.
Fundamental Policies
The Fund's stated fundamental policies, which may only be changed by the affirmative vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund (the shares), are listed below. For the purposes of this SAI, "majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund" means the vote, at an annual or special meeting of shareholders, duly called, (a) of 67% or more of the shares present at such meeting, if the holders of more than 50% of the outstanding shares are present or represented by proxy; or (b) of more than 50% of the outstanding shares, whichever is less. The Fund may not:
(1) Borrow money, except to the extent permitted by the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the "1940 Act") (which currently limits borrowing to no more than 33-1/3% of the value of the Fund's total assets, including the value of the assets purchased with the proceeds of its indebtedness, if any). The Fund may borrow for investment purposes, for temporary liquidity, or to finance repurchases of its shares.
(2) Issue senior securities, except to the extent permitted by Section 18 of the 1940 Act (which currently limits the issuance of a class of senior securities that is indebtedness to no more than 33-1/3% of the value of the Fund's total assets or, if the class of senior security is stock, to no more than 50% of the value of the Fund's total assets).
(3) Underwrite securities of other issuers, except insofar as the Fund may be deemed an underwriter under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act") in connection with the disposition of its portfolio securities. The Fund may invest in restricted securities (those that must be registered under the Securities Act before they may be offered or sold to the public) to the extent permitted by the 1940 Act.
(4) Invest more than 25% of the market value of its assets in the securities of companies, entities or issuers engaged in any one industry, except the mortgage-
3 |
related industry, as defined in the Fund's Prospectus. Under normal circumstances, the Fund will invest at least 25% of its net assets in mortgage-related securities. This limitation does not apply to investment in the securities of the U.S. Government, its agencies or instrumentalities.
(5) Purchase or sell real estate or interests in real estate. This limitation is not applicable to investments in securities that are secured by or represent interests in real estate (e.g. mortgage loans evidenced by notes or other writings defined to be a type of security). Additionally, the preceding limitation on real estate or interests in real estate does not preclude the Fund from investing in mortgage-related securities or investing in companies engaged in the real estate business or that have a significant portion of their assets in real estate (including real estate investment trusts), nor from disposing of real estate that may be acquired pursuant to a foreclosure (or equivalent procedure) upon a security interest.
(6) Purchase or sell commodities, commodity contracts, including commodity futures contracts, unless acquired as a result of ownership of securities or other investments, except that the Fund may invest in securities or other instruments backed by or linked to commodities, and invest in companies that are engaged in a commodities business or have a significant portion of their assets in commodities, and may invest in commodity pools and other entities that purchase and sell commodities and commodity contracts.
(7) Make loans to others, except (a) through the purchase of debt securities in accordance with its investment objectives and policies, including notes secured by real estate, which may be considered loans; (b) to the extent the entry into a repurchase agreement is deemed to be a loan; and (c) by loaning portfolio securities. Additionally, the preceding limitation on loans does not preclude the Fund from modifying note terms.
In addition, the Fund has adopted a fundamental policy that
(8) The Fund will make quarterly repurchase offers for no less than for 5% of the shares outstanding at net asset value ("NAV") less any repurchase fee, unless suspended or postponed in accordance with regulatory requirements, and each repurchase pricing shall occur no later than the 14th day after the Repurchase Request Deadline, or the next business day if the 14th is not a business day.
If a restriction on the Fund's investments is adhered to at the time an investment is made, a subsequent change in the percentage of Fund assets invested in certain securities or other instruments, or change in average duration of the Fund's investment portfolio, resulting from changes in the value of the Fund's total assets, will not be considered a violation of the restriction; provided, however, that the asset coverage requirement applicable to borrowings shall be maintained in the manner contemplated by applicable law.
Certain Portfolio Securities and Other Operating Policies
4 |
As discussed in the Prospectus, the Fund invests in securities secured by real estate. No assurance can be given that any or all investment strategies, or the Fund's investment program, will be successful. The Fund's investment adviser is Oakline Advisors, LLC (formerly known as Behringer Advisors, LLC) (the "Adviser"). The Adviser is responsible for allocating the Fund's assets among various securities using its investment strategies, subject to policies adopted by the Fund's Board of Trustees. Additional information regarding the types of securities and financial instruments is set forth below.
Non-Performing Notes Issued By Individual Borrowers Secured By Residential Real Estate
The Fund invests substantially all its assets in groups or packages of loans secured by real estate. However, the Adviser expects that up to approximately 10% of the loans in the group or package may be in default or considered by the Adviser to be non-performing. Non-performing notes are not current on payments and are considered by the Adviser to be seriously delinquent (at least 120 days overdue). In selecting these notes, the Adviser focuses on rehabilitating a borrower's delinquency and resuming payments primarily by renegotiating note terms to lower interest and/or principal payments so that a borrower can resume payments on its note. The Adviser also gives greater weight to the liquidation value of residential real estate collateral than when selecting performing notes.
When evaluating a borrower's ability to resume payments, the Adviser uses an underwriting model that takes into account the following factors, but may also take into consideration others:
· | Borrower payment history including delinquencies and defaults |
· | Security's interest rate and principal balance |
· | Borrower total debt service load |
· | Alternative sources of repayment such as liquid assets |
· | Title search of property to assure clear title by borrower |
When evaluating residential real estate collateral's potential liquidation value the Adviser uses a collateral valuation underwriting model that takes into account the following factors, but may also take into consideration others:
· | Current property value as established by an independent broker's price opinion |
· | State laws pertaining to mortgages in that domicile |
· | Local real estate trends around the respective property |
· | Potential environmental remediation costs at site |
· | Estimated foreclosure value for the property |
Non-performing notes are subject to the investment risks associated with performing notes (See "Risk Factors" in the Fund's Prospectus), but are especially sensitive to residential real estate collateral recovery values and are considered illiquid. Non-performing notes require a substantial amount of workout negotiations and/or restructuring, which may entail, among other things, a substantial reduction in the interest rate and a substantial write-down of the principal of such a note. Even if a
5 |
restructuring were successfully accomplished, a risk exists that, upon maturity of such a note, replacement "take-out" financing will not be available. It is possible that the Adviser may find it necessary or desirable to foreclose.
Short-Term Notes Issued By Individual Borrowers Secured By Residential Real Estate
The Fund invests a portion of its assets in short-term loans secured by real estate that are sometimes referred to as bridge loans. Bridge loans are secured by first lien mortgages on a property for borrowers who are typically seeking short-term funds to be used to acquire or renovate real estate. The borrower has typically identified a property believed to be undervalued or is located in a recovering market. If the market in which the asset is located fails to recover according to the borrower’s projections, or if the borrower fails to improve the value of the asset, the borrower may not receive a sufficient return on the asset to refinance or pay off the bridge loan, and the Fund might not recover some or all of its investment.
In addition, owners usually borrow funds under a conventional mortgage loan to repay a bridge loan. The Fund may therefore be more dependent on a borrower’s ability to obtain permanent financing to repay a bridge loan, which could depend on market conditions and other factors. Bridge loans are also subject to risks of general residential real estate risks such as borrower default, bankruptcy, fraud, and special hazard losses that are not covered by standard hazard insurance. As with all mortgage notes, in the event of default, the Fund bears the risk of loss of principal and non-payment of interest to the extent of any deficiency between the value of the mortgage collateral and the principal amount of the bridge loan.
Notes Issued By Commercial Real Estate-Related Issuers Secured By Commercial Real Estate
The Adviser may invest up to 10% of the Fund's assets in notes secured by commercial real estate. The Adviser selects securities by evaluating the issuer's credit quality and the potential liquidation value of the commercial real estate collateral securing the issuer's debt obligation. When evaluating credit quality the Adviser uses an underwriting model that takes into account the following factors, but may also take into consideration others:
Commercial Issuers
· | Issuer payment history including delinquencies and defaults |
· | Issuer credit report |
· | Security's interest rate |
· | Issuer total debt service load and total fixed costs |
· | Tenant quality and lease roll-over |
· | Local market competition |
· | Projected vacancy rate |
· | Title search of property to assure clear title by issuer |
6 |
When evaluating commercial real estate collateral's potential liquidation value the Adviser uses a collateral valuation underwriting model that may take into account the following factors, but may also take into consideration others:
· | Current property value as established by an independent broker's price opinion |
· | State laws pertaining to mortgages in that domicile |
· | Local real estate trends around the respective property |
· | Potential environmental remediation costs at site |
· | Estimated foreclosure value for the property |
Even though the Adviser re-evaluates each issuer's ability to pay, it nonetheless anticipates a significant likelihood of default by issuers because of difficult-to-predict economic events. The Adviser expects to resolve or forestall defaults primarily by renegotiating note terms to lower interest and/or principal payments so that an issuer can resume payments on its note. The Adviser also may enter into an agreement with the issuer and a third party to sell the property to the third party for less than the principal balance on the note while forgiving any unpaid principal that remains after receiving the proceeds from the sale (commonly referred to as a short-sale). The Adviser may also foreclose upon the property and seek to recover via sale of the property.
There are also special risks associated with particular sectors, or real estate operations generally, as described below:
Retail Properties. Retail properties are affected by the overall health of the economy and may be adversely affected by, among other things, the growth of alternative forms of retailing, bankruptcy, departure or cessation of operations of a tenant, a shift in consumer demand due to demographic changes, changes in spending patterns and lease terminations.
Office Properties. Office properties are affected by the overall health of the economy, and other factors such as a downturn in the businesses operated by their tenants, obsolescence and non-competitiveness.
Hotel Properties. The risks of hotel properties include, among other things, the necessity of a high level of continuing capital expenditures, competition, increases in operating costs which may not be offset by increases in revenues, dependence on business and commercial travelers and tourism, increases in fuel costs and other expenses of travel, and adverse effects of general and local economic conditions. Hotel properties tend to be more sensitive to adverse economic conditions and competition than many other commercial properties.
Healthcare Properties. Healthcare properties and healthcare providers are affected by several significant factors, including federal, state and local laws governing licenses, certification, adequacy of care, pharmaceutical distribution, rates, equipment, personnel
7 |
and other factors regarding operations, continued availability of revenue from government reimbursement programs and competition on a local and regional basis. The failure of any healthcare operator to comply with governmental laws and regulations may affect its ability to operate its facility or receive government reimbursements.
Multifamily Properties. The value and successful operation of a multifamily property may be affected by a number of factors such as the location of the property, the ability of the management team, the level of mortgage rates, the presence of competing properties, adverse economic conditions in the locale, oversupply and rent control laws or other laws affecting such properties.
Community Centers. Community center properties are dependent upon the successful operations and financial condition of their tenants, particularly certain of their major tenants, and could be adversely affected by bankruptcy of those tenants. In some cases a tenant may lease a significant portion of the space in one center, and the filing of bankruptcy could cause significant revenue loss. Like others in the commercial real estate industry, community centers are subject to environmental risks and interest rate risk. They also face the need to enter into new leases or renew leases on favorable terms to generate rental revenues. Community center properties could be adversely affected by changes in the local markets where their properties are located, as well as by adverse changes in national economic and market conditions.
Self-Storage Properties. The value and successful operation of a self-storage property may be affected by a number of factors, such as the ability of the management team, the location of the property, the presence of competing properties, changes in traffic patterns and effects of general and local economic conditions with respect to rental rates and occupancy levels.
Other factors may contribute to the risk of commercial real estate investments:
Development Issues. Certain commercial real estate issuers may engage in the development or construction of real estate properties. These issuers are exposed to a variety of risks inherent in real estate development and construction, such as the risk that there will be insufficient tenant demand to occupy newly developed properties, and the risk that prices of construction materials or construction labor may rise materially during the development.
Lack of Insurance. Certain commercial real estate issuers may fail to carry comprehensive liability, fire, flood, earthquake extended coverage and rental loss insurance, or insurance in place may be subject to various policy specifications, limits and deductibles. Should any type of uninsured loss occur, the portfolio company could lose its investment in, and anticipated profits and cash flows from, a number of properties and, as a result, adversely affect the Fund's investment performance.
8 |
Dependence on Tenants. The value of commercial real estate issuers' properties and the ability to repay their notes depend upon the ability of the tenants at their properties to generate enough income in excess of their operating expenses to make their lease payments. Changes beyond the control of commercial real estate issuers may adversely affect their tenants' ability to make their lease payments and, in such event, would substantially reduce both their income from operations and ability to repay their notes.
Financial Leverage. Commercial real estate issuers may be highly leveraged and financial covenants may affect the ability of these issuers to operate effectively.
Environmental Issues. In connection with the ownership (direct or indirect), operation, management and development of real properties that may contain hazardous or toxic substances, a commercial real estate issuer may be considered an owner, operator or responsible party of such properties and, therefore, may be potentially liable for removal or remediation costs, as well as certain other costs, including governmental fines and liabilities for injuries to persons and property. The existence of any such material environmental liability could have a material adverse effect on the results of operations and cash flow of any such issuer and, as a result, the amount available to make interest or principal payments to the Fund could be reduced.
Certain Legal Aspects of Notes Secured by Real Estate
Each of the Fund's mortgage-related notes will be secured by a deed of trust, mortgage, security agreement, or legal title. The deed of trust and mortgage are the most commonly used real property security devices. A deed of trust formally has three parties: (1) a debtor, referred to as the "trustor," (2) a third party referred to as the "trustee" and (3) the lender/creditor, referred to as the "beneficiary." The trustor irrevocably grants the property until the debt is paid, "in trust, with power of sale" to the trustee to secure payment of the obligation. The trustee's authority is governed by law, the express provisions of the deed of trust and the directions of the beneficiary. The Fund will be the beneficiary under all deeds of trust securing Fund investments. In a mortgage note, there are only two parties, the mortgagor (commonly referred to as the borrower) and the mortgagee (commonly referred to as the investor). State law determines how a mortgage is foreclosed. The process usually requires a judicial process.
Foreclosure
Deed of Trust
Some states have a statute known as the "one form of action" rule, which requires the beneficiary of a deed of trust to exhaust the security under the deed of trust (i.e., foreclose on the property) before any personal action may be brought against the note-issuing borrower. There are two methods of foreclosing a deed of trust.
9 |
(1) Foreclosure of a deed of trust is accomplished in most cases by a non-judicial trustee's sale under the power of sale provision in the deed of trust. Prior to such sale, the trustee must record a notice of default and send a copy to the trustor and to any person who has recorded a request for a copy of a notice of default, and to the successor in interest to the trustor and to the beneficiary of any junior deed of trust. The trustor or any person having a junior lien or encumbrance of record may, during a three month reinstatement period, cure the default by paying the entire amount of the debt then due, plus costs and expenses actually incurred in enforcing the obligation and statutorily limited attorneys' and trustee's fees. Thereafter, a notice of sale must be posted in a public place and published for a specified amount of time. A copy of the notice of sale must be posted on the property, and sent to the trustee, to each person who has requested a copy, to any successor in interest to the trustor and to the beneficiary of any junior deed of trust for a period of time before the sale. Generally, following the sale, neither the debtor/trustor nor a junior lien has any right of redemption, and the beneficiary may not obtain a deficiency judgment against the trustor.
(2) A judicial foreclosure (in which the beneficiary's purpose is usually to obtain a deficiency judgment where otherwise unavailable) is subject to most of the delays and expenses of other lawsuits, sometimes requiring up to several years to complete.
Following a judicial foreclosure sale, the trustor or his or her successors in interest may redeem for a period of one year (or a period of only three months if the entire amount of the debt is bid at the foreclosure sale), and until the trustor redeems, a foreclosed junior lienholder may redeem during successive redemption periods of sixty (60) days following the previous redemption, but in no event later than one year after the judicial foreclosure sale. The Fund generally will not pursue a judicial foreclosure to obtain a deficiency judgment, except where, in the sole discretion of the Adviser, such a remedy is warranted in light of the time and expense involved.
Mortgage
Notes owned by the Fund secured by mortgages will be foreclosed in compliance with the laws of the state where the residential real property collateral is located. Foreclosure statutes vary from state to state. A mortgage is a legal document in which the owner uses the title to residential or commercial property as security for a loan described in a promissory note. The mortgage must be signed by the owner (borrower/mortgagor), acknowledged before a notary public, and recorded with the County Recorder or Recorder of Deeds. If the owner fails to make payments on the promissory note then the lender can foreclose on the mortgage to force a sale of the real property and receive the proceeds, or receive the property itself at a public sheriff's sale. Generally, the foreclosure process varies somewhat from state to state, and depends primarily on whether the state uses mortgages or deeds of trust for the purchase of real property. Overall, states that use mortgages conduct judicial foreclosures; states that use deeds of trust conduct non-judicial foreclosures. The
10 |
principal difference between the two is that the judicial procedure requires court action on a foreclosed home.
To foreclose in accordance with the judicial procedure, a lender must prove that the mortgagor (borrower/property owner) is in default. Once the lender has exhausted its attempts to resolve the default with the homeowner, the next step is to contact an attorney to pursue court action. The attorney contacts the mortgagor to try to resolve the default. If the mortgagor is unable to pay off the default, the attorney files a lis pendens (lawsuit pending) with the court. The lis pendens gives notice to the public that a pending action has been filed against the mortgagor. The purpose of the action is to provide evidence of a default and get the court's approval to initiate foreclosure. Before the property is sold, the mortgagor must be noticed and offered an opportunity to pay all delinquent payments and costs of foreclosure to save the property. In some states the property can be redeemed by such payment even after foreclosure. When the mortgage is paid in full, the lender is required to execute a "satisfaction of mortgage" (sometimes called a "discharge of mortgage") and record it to clear the title to the property.
Additional Information Regarding Foreclosures and Related Issues
Redemption
After a foreclosure sale pursuant to a mortgage, the borrower and foreclosed junior lien holders may have a statutory period in which to redeem the property from the foreclosure sale. Redemption may be limited to where the mortgagee receives payment of all or the entire principal balance of the loan, accrued interest and expenses of foreclosure. The statutory right of redemption diminishes the ability of the note holder to sell the foreclosed property. The right of redemption may defeat the title of any purchaser at a foreclosure sale or any purchaser from the note holder subsequent to a foreclosure sale. One remedy the Fund may have is to avoid a post-sale redemption by waiving the Fund's right to a deficiency judgment. Consequently, as noted above, the practical effect of the redemption right is often to force the note holder to retain the property and pay the expenses of ownership until the redemption period has run.
Anti-Deficiency Legislation
The Fund may acquire interests in mortgage notes which limit the Fund's recourse to foreclosure upon the security property, with no recourse against the borrower's other assets. Even if recourse is available pursuant to the terms of the mortgage note against the borrower's assets in addition to the mortgaged property, the Fund may confront statutory prohibitions which impose prohibitions against or limitations on this recourse. For example, the right of the mortgagee to obtain a deficiency judgment against the borrower may be precluded following foreclosure. A deficiency judgment is a personal judgment against the former note-issuing borrower equal in most cases to the difference between the net amount realized upon the public sale of the security (the real estate) and the amount due to the note holder. Other statutes require the mortgagee to exhaust the security afforded under a mortgage by foreclosure in an attempt to satisfy the full note before bringing a personal action against the borrower.
11 |
The Fund may elect, or be deemed to have elected, between exercising the Fund's remedies with respect to the security (the real estate) or the deficiency balance. The practical effect of this election requirement is that note holders will usually proceed first against the security (the real estate) rather than bringing personal action against the note-issuing borrower. Other statutory provisions limit any deficiency judgment against the former note-issuing borrower following a judicial sale to the excess of the outstanding debt over the fair market value of the property at the time of the public sale.
In some jurisdictions, the Fund can pursue a deficiency judgment against the note-issuing borrower or a guarantor if the value of the property securing the note is insufficient to pay back the debt owed to the Fund. In other jurisdictions, however, if the Fund desires to seek a judgment in court against the note-issuing borrower for the deficiency balance, the Fund may be required to seek judicial foreclosure and/or have other security from the note-issuing borrower. The Fund would expect this to be a more prolonged procedure, and is subject to most of the delays and expenses that affect other lawsuits.
Special Considerations in Connection with Junior Encumbrances
In addition to the general considerations concerning trust deeds discussed above, there are certain additional considerations applicable to second and more junior deeds of trust ("junior encumbrances"). By its very nature, a junior encumbrance is less secure than a more senior lien. If a senior lienholder forecloses on its note, unless the amount of the bid exceeds the senior encumbrances, the junior lienholder will receive nothing. Because of the limited notice and attention given to foreclosure sales, it is possible for a junior lienholder to be "sold out," receiving nothing from the foreclosure sale. By virtue of anti-deficiency legislation, discussed above, a junior lienholder may be totally precluded from any further remedies.
Accordingly, a junior lienholder (such as the Fund in some cases) may find that the only method of protecting its security interest in the property is to take over all obligations of the trustor with respect to senior encumbrances while the junior lienholder commences its own foreclosure, making adequate arrangements either to (i) find a purchaser for the property at a price which will recoup the junior lienholder's interest, or (ii) to pay off the senior encumbrances so that the junior lienholder's encumbrance achieves first priority. Either alternative may require the Fund to make substantial cash expenditures to protect its interest.
The Fund may also acquire wrap-around mortgage notes (sometimes called "all-inclusive"), which are junior encumbrances to which all the considerations discussed above will apply. A wrap-around note is created when the borrower desires to refinance his or her property but does not wish to retire the existing indebtedness for any reason, e.g., a favorable interest rate or a large prepayment penalty. A wrap-around note will have a principal amount equal to the outstanding principal balance of the existing secured obligations plus the amount actually to be advanced by the Fund. The note-issuing borrower will then make all payments directly to the Fund, and the Fund in turn will pay the holder of the senior encumbrance. The actual yield to the Fund under a
12 |
wrap-around mortgage note will likely exceed the stated interest rate on the underlying senior obligation, since the full principal amount of the wrap-around note will not actually be advanced by the Fund. The law requires that the Fund will be notified when any senior lienholder initiates foreclosure.
If the borrower defaults solely upon his or her debt to the Fund while continuing to perform with regard to the senior lien, the Fund (as junior lienholder) will foreclose upon its security interest in the manner discussed above in connection with deeds of trust generally. Upon foreclosure by a junior lien, the property remains subject to all liens senior to the foreclosed lien. Thus, were the Fund to purchase the security property at its own foreclosure sale, it would acquire the property subject to all senior encumbrances. The standard form of deed of trust used by most institutional investors, like the one that will be used by the Fund, confers on the beneficiary the right both to receive all proceeds collected under any hazard insurance policy and all awards made in connection with any condemnation proceedings, and to apply such proceeds and awards to any indebtedness secured by the deed of trust in such order as the beneficiary may determine. Thus, in the event improvements on the property are damaged or destroyed by fire or other casualty, or in the event the property is taken by condemnation, the beneficiary under the underlying first deed of trust will have the prior right to collect any insurance proceeds payable under a hazards insurance policy and any award of damages in connection with the condemnation, and to apply the same to the indebtedness secured by the first deed of trust before any such proceeds are applied to repay the Fund's note. The amount of such proceeds may be insufficient to pay the balance due to the Fund, while the note-issuing borrower may fail or refuse to make further payments on the damaged or condemned property, leaving the Fund with no feasible means to obtain payment of the balance due under its junior deed of trust. In addition, the note-issuing borrower may have a right to require the note buyer to allow the note-issuing borrower to use the proceeds of such insurance for restoration of the insured property.
Environmental
The Fund's security property may be subject to potential environmental risks. Of particular concern may be those security properties which are, or have been, the site of manufacturing, industrial or disposal activity. These environmental risks may give rise to a diminution in value of the security property or liability for clean-up costs or other remedial actions. This liability could exceed the value of the real property or the principal balance of the related mortgage note. For this reason, the Fund may choose not to foreclose on contaminated property rather than risk incurring liability for remedial actions.
Under the laws of certain states, an owner's failure to perform remedial actions required under environmental laws may give rise to a lien on mortgaged property to ensure the reimbursement of remedial costs. In some states this lien has priority over the lien of an existing mortgage against the real property. Because the costs of remedial action could be substantial, the value of a mortgaged property as collateral for a
13 |
mortgage note could be adversely affected by the existence of an environmental condition giving rise to a lien.
The state of law is currently unclear as to whether and under what circumstances clean-up costs, or the obligation to take remedial actions, can be imposed on a secured investor. If an investor does become liable for cleanup costs, it may bring an action for contribution against the current owners or operators, the owners or operators at the time of on-site disposal activity or any other party who contributed to the environmental hazard, but these persons or entities may be bankrupt or otherwise judgment-proof. Furthermore, an action against the note-issuing borrower may be adversely affected by the limitations on recourse in the loan documents.
"Due-on-Sale" Clauses
The notes and deeds of trust held by the Fund, like those of many investors, contain "due-on-sale" clauses permitting the Fund to accelerate the maturity of a note if the note-issuing borrower sells, conveys or transfers all or any portion of the property, but may or may not contain "due-on-encumbrance" clauses which would permit the same action if the borrower further encumbers the property (i.e., executes further deeds of trust). The enforceability of these types of clauses has been the subject of several major court decisions and legislation in recent years.
(1) Due-on-Sale . Federal law now provides that, notwithstanding any contrary pre-existing state law, due-on-sale clauses contained in mortgage note documents are enforceable in accordance with their terms after October 15, 1985. On the other hand, acquisition of a property by the Fund by foreclosure on one of its notes may also constitute a "sale" of the property, and would entitle a senior lienholder to accelerate against the Fund. This would be likely to occur if then prevailing interest rates were substantially higher than the rate provided for under the accelerated note. In that event, the Fund may be compelled to sell or refinance the property within a short period of time, notwithstanding that it may not be an opportune time to do so.
(2) Due-on-Encumbrance . With respect to mortgage notes on residential property containing four or less units, federal law prohibits acceleration of the note merely by reason of the further encumbering of the property (e.g., execution of a junior deed of trust). This prohibition does not apply to mortgage notes on other types of property. Although many of the Fund's junior lien mortgage notes will be on properties that qualify for the protection afforded by federal law, some notes will be secured by small apartment buildings or commercial properties. Junior lien mortgage notes held by the Fund may trigger acceleration of senior obligations on properties if the senior obligations contain due-on-encumbrance clauses, although both the number of such instances and the actual likelihood of acceleration is anticipated to be minor. Failure of a note-issuing borrower to pay off the senior obligation would be an event of default and subject the Fund (as junior lienholder) to the risks attendant thereto. It will not be customary practice of the Fund to invest in notes secured by non-residential property where the senior encumbrance contains a due-on-encumbrance clause.
14 |
Prepayment Charges
Some notes acquired by the Fund may provide for certain prepayment charges to be imposed on the note-issuing borrower in the event of certain early payments on the note. The Adviser reserves the right at its business judgment to waive collection of prepayment penalties. Typically, notes secured by mortgages or deeds of trust encumbering single family, owner-occupied, dwellings may be prepaid at any time, regardless of whether the note or deed of trust so provides, but prepayment made in any twelve (12) month period during the first five years of the term of the note which exceed twenty percent (20%) of the unpaid balance of the note may be subject to a prepayment charge. The law limits the prepayment charge on such notes to an amount equal to six months' advance interest on the amount prepaid in excess of the permitted twenty percent (20%), or interest to maturity, whichever is less.
Bankruptcy Laws
If a borrower files for protection under the federal bankruptcy statutes, the Fund will be initially barred from taking any foreclosure action on its real property security by an "automatic stay order" that goes into effect upon the borrower's filing of a bankruptcy petition. Thereafter, the Fund would be required to incur the time, delay and expense of filing a motion with the bankruptcy court for permission to foreclose on the real property security ("relief from the automatic stay order"). Such permission is granted only in limited circumstances. If permission is denied, the Fund will likely be unable to foreclose on its security for the duration of the bankruptcy, which could be a period of years. During such delay, the borrower may or may not be required to pay current interest on the note. The Fund would therefore lack the cash flow it anticipated from the note, and the total indebtedness secured by the security property would increase by the amount of the defaulted payments, perhaps reaching a total that would exceed the market value of the property.
In addition, bankruptcy courts have broad powers to permit a sale of the real property free of the Fund's lien, to compel the Fund to accept an amount less than the balance due under the note and to permit the borrower to repay over a term which may be substantially longer than the original term of the note.
Money Market Instruments
The Fund may invest, for defensive purposes or otherwise, some or all of its assets in high quality fixed-income securities, money market instruments and money market mutual funds, or hold cash or cash equivalents in such amounts as the Adviser deems appropriate under the circumstances. In addition, the Fund may invest in these instruments pending allocation of its respective offering proceeds. Money market instruments are high quality, short-term fixed-income obligations, which generally have remaining maturities of one year or less and may include U.S. Government securities, commercial paper, certificates of deposit and bankers acceptances issued by domestic branches of U.S. banks that are members of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, and repurchase agreements.
15 |
When-Issued, Delayed Delivery and Forward Commitment Securities
To reduce the risk of changes in securities prices and interest rates, the Fund may purchase securities on a forward commitment, when-issued or delayed delivery basis. This means that delivery and payment occur a number of days after the date of the commitment to purchase. The payment obligation and the interest rate receivable with respect to such purchases are determined when the Fund enters into the commitment, but the Fund does not make payment until it receives delivery from the counterparty. The Fund may, if it is deemed advisable, sell the securities after it commits to a purchase but before delivery and settlement takes place.
Securities purchased on a forward commitment, when-issued or delayed delivery basis are subject to changes in value based upon the public's perception of the creditworthiness of the borrower and changes (either real or anticipated) in the level of interest rates. Purchasing securities on a when-issued or delayed delivery basis can present the risk that the yield available in the market when the delivery takes place may be higher than that obtained in the transaction itself. Purchasing securities on a forward commitment, when-issued or delayed delivery basis when the Fund is fully, or almost fully invested, results in a form of leverage and may cause greater fluctuation in the value of the net assets of the Fund. In addition, there is a risk that securities purchased on a when-issued or delayed delivery basis may not be delivered, and that the purchaser of securities sold by the Fund on a forward basis will not honor its purchase obligation. In such cases, the Fund may incur a loss.
Repurchases and Transfers of Shares
Repurchase Offers
The Board has adopted a resolution setting forth the Fund's fundamental policy that it will conduct quarterly repurchase offers (the "Repurchase Offer Policy"). The Repurchase Offer Policy sets the interval between each repurchase offer at one quarter and provides that the Fund shall conduct a repurchase offer each quarter (unless suspended or postponed in accordance with regulatory requirements). The Repurchase Offer Policy also provides that the repurchase pricing shall occur not later than the 14 th day after the Repurchase Request Deadline (as defined below) or the next business day if the 14 th day is not a business day. The Fund's Repurchase Offer Policy is fundamental and cannot be changed without shareholder approval. The Fund may, for the purpose of paying for repurchased shares, be required to liquidate portfolio holdings earlier than the Adviser would otherwise have liquidated these holdings. Such liquidations may result in losses, and may increase the Fund's portfolio turnover.
Repurchase Offer Policy Summary of Terms
1. The Fund will make repurchase offers at periodic intervals pursuant to Rule 23c-3 under the 1940 Act, as that rule may be amended from time to time.
16 |
2. The repurchase offers will be made in March, June, September and December of each year.
3. The Fund must receive repurchase requests submitted by shareholders in response to the Fund's repurchase offer within 30 days of the date the repurchase offer is made (or the preceding business day if the New York Stock Exchange is closed on that day) (the "Repurchase Request Deadline").
4. The maximum time between the Repurchase Request Deadline and the next date on which the Fund determines the net asset value applicable to the purchase of shares (the "Repurchase Pricing Date") is 14 calendar days (or the next business day if the fourteenth day is not a business day).
The Fund may not condition a repurchase offer upon the tender of any minimum amount of shares. The Fund may deduct from the repurchase proceeds only a repurchase fee that is paid to the Fund and that is reasonably intended to compensate the Fund for expenses directly related to the repurchase. The repurchase fee may not exceed 2% of the proceeds. However, the Fund does not currently charge a repurchase fee. These fees are paid to the Fund directly and are designed to offset costs associated with fluctuations in Fund asset levels and cash flow caused by short-term shareholder trading. The Fund may rely on Rule 23c-3 only so long as the Board of Trustees satisfies the fund governance standards defined in Rule 0-1(a)(7) under the 1940 Act.
Procedures: All periodic repurchase offers must comply with the following procedures:
Repurchase Offer Amount : Each quarter, the Fund may offer to repurchase at least 5% and no more than 25% of the outstanding shares of the Fund on the Repurchase Request
Deadline (the "Repurchase Offer Amount"). The Board of Trustees shall determine the quarterly Repurchase Offer Amount.
Shareholder Notification : Generally, thirty days before each Repurchase Request Deadline, the Fund shall send to each shareholder of record and to each beneficial owner of the shares that are the subject of the repurchase offer a notification ("Shareholder Notification") providing the following information:
1. A statement that the Fund is offering to repurchase its shares from shareholders at net asset value;
2. Any fees applicable to such repurchase, if any;
3. The Repurchase Offer Amount;
4. The dates of the Repurchase Request Deadline, Repurchase Pricing Date, and the date by which the Fund must pay shareholders for any shares repurchased (which shall not be more than seven days after the Repurchase Pricing Date) (the "Repurchase Payment Deadline");
17 |
5. The risk of fluctuation in net asset value between the Repurchase Request Deadline and the Repurchase Pricing Date, and the possibility that the Fund may use an earlier Repurchase Pricing Date;
6. The procedures for shareholders to request repurchase of their shares and the right of shareholders to withdraw or modify their repurchase requests until the Repurchase Request Deadline;
7. The procedures under which the Fund may repurchase such shares on a pro rata basis if shareholders tender more than the Repurchase Offer Amount;
8. The circumstances in which the Fund may suspend or postpone a repurchase offer;
9. The net asset value of the shares computed no more than seven days before the date of the notification and the means by which shareholders may ascertain the net asset value thereafter; and
10. The market price, if any, of the shares on the date on which such net asset value was computed, and the means by which shareholders may ascertain the market price thereafter.
The Fund must file Form N-23c-3 ("Notification of Repurchase Offer") and three copies of the Shareholder Notification with the SEC within three business days after sending the notification to shareholders.
Notification of Beneficial Owners : Where the Fund knows that shares subject of a repurchase offer are held of record by a broker, dealer, voting trustee, bank, association or other entity that exercises fiduciary powers in nominee name or otherwise, the Fund must follow the procedures for transmitting materials to beneficial owners of securities that are set forth in Rule 14a-13 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
Repurchase Requests : Repurchase requests must be submitted by shareholders by the Repurchase Request Deadline. The Fund shall permit repurchase requests to be withdrawn or modified at any time until the Repurchase Request Deadline, but shall not permit repurchase requests to be withdrawn or modified after the Repurchase Request Deadline.
Repurchase Requests in Excess of the Repurchase Offer Amount : If shareholders tender more than the Repurchase Offer Amount, the Fund may, but is not required to, repurchase an additional amount of shares not to exceed 2% of the outstanding shares of the Fund on the Repurchase Request Deadline. If the Fund determines not to repurchase more than the Repurchase Offer Amount, or if shareholders tender shares in an amount exceeding the Repurchase Offer Amount plus 2% of the outstanding shares on the Repurchase Request Deadline, the Fund shall repurchase the shares tendered on a pro rata basis. This policy, however, does not prohibit the Fund from:
18 |
1. Accepting all repurchase requests by persons who own, beneficially or of record, an aggregate of not more than 100 shares and who tender all of their stock for repurchase, before prorating shares tendered by others, or
2. Accepting by lot shares tendered by shareholders who request repurchase of all shares held by them and who, when tendering their shares, elect to have either (i) all or none or (ii) at least a minimum amount or none accepted, if the Fund first accepts all shares tendered by shareholders who do not make this election.
Suspension or Postponement of Repurchase Offers : The Fund shall not suspend or postpone a repurchase offer except pursuant to a vote of a majority of the Board of Trustees, including a majority of the Trustees who are not interested persons of the Fund, and only:
1. If the repurchase would cause the Fund to lose its status as a regulated investment company under Subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the "Code");
2. If the repurchase would cause the shares that are the subject of the offer that are either listed on a national securities exchange or quoted in an inter-dealer quotation system of a national securities association to be neither listed on any national securities exchange nor quoted on any inter-dealer quotation system of a national securities association;
3. For any period during which the New York Stock Exchange or any other market in which the securities owned by the Fund are principally traded is closed, other than customary week-end and holiday closings, or during which trading in such market is restricted;
4. For any period during which an emergency exists as a result of which disposal by the Fund of securities owned by it is not reasonably practicable, or during which it is not reasonably practicable for the Fund fairly to determine the value of its net assets; or
5. For such other periods as the SEC may by order permit for the protection of shareholders of the Fund.
If a repurchase offer is suspended or postponed, the Fund shall provide notice to shareholders of such suspension or postponement. If the Fund renews the repurchase offer, the Fund shall send a new Shareholder Notification to shareholders.
Computing Net Asset Value : The Fund's current class-specific net asset value per share, NAV, shall be computed no less frequently than weekly, and daily on the five business days preceding a Repurchase Request Deadline, on such days and at such specific time or times during the day as set by the Board of Trustees. Currently, the Board has determined that the Fund's NAV shall be determined daily following the close of the New York Stock Exchange. The Fund's NAV need not be calculated on:
19 |
1. Days on which changes in the value of the Fund's portfolio securities will not materially affect the current NAV of the shares;
2. Days during which no order to purchase shares is received, other than days when the NAV would otherwise be computed; or
3. Customary national, local, and regional business holidays described or listed in the Prospectus.
Liquidity Requirements : From the time the Fund sends a Shareholder Notification to shareholders until the Repurchase Pricing Date, a percentage of the Fund's assets equal to at least 100% of the Repurchase Offer Amount (the "Liquidity Amount") shall consist of assets that individually can be sold or disposed of in the ordinary course of business, at approximately the price at which the Fund has valued the investment, within a period equal to the period between a Repurchase Request Deadline and the Repurchase Payment Deadline, or of assets that mature by the next Repurchase Payment Deadline, including through access to a line of credit. This requirement means that individual assets must be salable under these circumstances. It does not require that the entire Liquidity Amount must be salable. In the event that the Fund's assets fail to comply with this requirement, the Board of Trustees shall cause the Fund to take such action as it deems appropriate to ensure compliance.
Liquidity Policy : The Board of Trustees may delegate day-to-day responsibility for evaluating liquidity of specific assets to the Fund's investment adviser, but shall continue to be responsible for monitoring the investment adviser's performance of its duties and the composition of the portfolio. Accordingly, the Board of Trustees has approved this policy that is reasonably designed to ensure that the Fund's portfolio assets are sufficiently liquid so that the Fund can comply with its fundamental policy on repurchases and comply with the liquidity requirements in the preceding paragraph.
1. In evaluating liquidity, the following factors are relevant, but not necessarily determinative:
(a) | The frequency of trades and quotes for the security. |
(b) | The number of dealers willing to purchase or sell the security and the number of potential purchasers. |
(c) | Dealer undertakings to make a market in the security. |
(d) | The nature of the marketplace trades (e.g., the time needed to dispose of the security, the method of soliciting offer and the mechanics of transfer). |
(e) | The size of the Fund's holdings of a given security in relation to the total amount of outstanding of such security or to the average trading volume for the security. |
2. If market developments impair the liquidity of a security, the investment adviser should review the advisability of retaining the security in the portfolio. The investment adviser should report the basis for its determination to retain a security at the next Board of Trustees meeting.
3. The Board of Trustees shall review the overall composition and liquidity of the Fund's portfolio on a quarterly basis.
20 |
4. These procedures may be modified as the Board deems necessary.
Registration Statement Disclosure : The Fund's registration statement must disclose its intention to make or consider making such repurchase offers.
Annual Report Disclosure : The Fund shall include in its annual report to shareholders the following:
1. Disclosure of its fundamental policy regarding periodic repurchase offers.
2. Disclosure regarding repurchase offers by the Fund during the period covered by the annual report, which disclosure shall include:
a. | the number of repurchase offers, |
b. | the repurchase offer amount and the amount tendered in each repurchase offer, and |
c. | the extent to which in any repurchase offer the Fund repurchased stock pursuant to the procedures in this section |
Advertising : The Fund, or any underwriter for the Fund, must comply, as if the Fund were an open end company, with the provisions of Section 24(b) of the 1940 Act and the rules thereunder and file, if necessary, with FINRA or the SEC any advertisement, pamphlet, circular, form letter, or other sales literature addressed to or intended for distribution to prospective investors.
Involuntary Repurchases
The Fund does not repurchase shares from the estate or heirs of a deceased shareholder except through the quarterly repurchase offers or unless the holding of such shares by an estate or heirs will cause the Fund to be in violation of, or require registration of the shares, or subject the Fund to additional registration or regulation under, the securities, commodities or other laws of the United States or any other relevant jurisdiction or subject the Fund to some other form of injury. The Fund may, at any time repurchase at shares held by a shareholder, or any person acquiring shares from or through a shareholder, without shareholder consent if: the shares have been transferred to or have vested in any other person other than by operation of law as the result of the death, dissolution, bankruptcy or incompetency of a shareholder; ownership of the shares by the shareholder or other person will cause the Fund to be in violation of, or require registration of the shares, or subject the Fund to additional registration or regulation under, the securities, commodities or other laws of the United States or any other relevant jurisdiction; continued ownership of the shares may be harmful or injurious to the business or reputation of the Fund or may subject the Fund or any shareholders to an undue risk of adverse tax or other fiscal consequences; or it would be in the interests of the Fund, as determined by the Board, for the Fund to repurchase the Shares. The Adviser may tender for repurchase in connection with any repurchase offer made by the Fund shares that it holds in its capacity as a shareholder.
Transfers of Shares
21 |
No person may become a substituted shareholder without the written consent of the Board, which consent may be withheld for any reason in the Board's sole and absolute discretion. Shares may be transferred only (i) by operation of law pursuant to the death, bankruptcy, insolvency or dissolution of a shareholder or (ii) with the written consent of the Board, which may be withheld in its sole and absolute discretion. The Board may, in its discretion, delegate to the Adviser its authority to consent to transfers of shares. Each shareholder and transferee is required to pay all expenses, including attorneys and accountants fees, incurred by the Fund in connection with such transfer.
The Fund may hold securities, such as private placements, interests in commodity pools, other non-traded securities or temporarily illiquid securities, for which market quotations are not readily available or are determined to be unreliable. These securities will be valued at their fair market value as determined using the "fair value" procedures approved by the Board. The Board has delegated execution of these procedures to a fair value team composed of one of more officers from each of the (i) Trust, (ii) administrator and (iii) Adviser. The team may also enlist third party consultants such as an audit firm or financial officer of a security issuer on an as-needed basis to assist in determining a security-specific fair value. The Board reviews and ratifies the execution of this process and the resultant fair value prices at least quarterly to assure the process produces reliable results.
Fair Value Team and Valuation Process. This team is composed of one of more officers from each of the (i) Trust, (ii) administrator, and (iii) Adviser and/or a sub-adviser (if any). The applicable investments are valued collectively via inputs from each of these groups. For example, fair value determinations are required for the following securities: (i) securities for which market quotations are insufficient or not readily available on a particular business day (including securities for which there is a short and temporary lapse in the provision of a price by the regular pricing source), (ii) securities for which, in the judgment of the Adviser or sub-adviser, the prices or values available do not represent the fair value of the instrument. Factors which may cause the Adviser or sub-adviser to make such a judgment include, but are not limited to, the following: only a bid price or an asked price is available; the spread between bid and asked prices is substantial; the frequency of sales; the thinness of the market; the size of reported trades; and actions of the securities markets, such as the suspension or limitation of trading; (iii) securities determined to be illiquid; (iv) securities with respect to which an event that will affect the value thereof has occurred (a "significant event") since the closing prices were established on the principal exchange on which they are traded, but prior to the Fund's calculation of its net asset value. Specifically, interests in commodity pools or managed futures pools are valued on a daily basis by reference to the closing market prices of each futures contract or other asset held by a pool, as adjusted for pool expenses. Restricted or illiquid securities, such as private placements or non-traded securities are valued via inputs from the Adviser or sub-adviser valuation based upon the current bid for the security from two or more independent dealers or other parties reasonably familiar with the facts and circumstances of the security (who should take into consideration all relevant factors as may be appropriate under the circumstances). If the Adviser or sub-adviser is unable to obtain a current bid from such independent
22 |
dealers or other independent parties, the fair value team shall determine the fair value of such security using the following factors: (i) the type of security; (ii) the cost at date of purchase; (iii) the size and nature of the Fund's holdings; (iv) the discount from market value of unrestricted securities of the same class at the time of purchase and subsequent thereto; (v) information as to any transactions or offers with respect to the security; (vi) the nature and duration of restrictions on disposition of the security and the existence of any registration rights; (vii) how the yield of the security compares to similar securities of companies of similar or equal creditworthiness; (viii) the level of recent trades of similar or comparable securities; (ix) the liquidity characteristics of the security; (x) current market conditions; and (xi) the market value of any securities into which the security is convertible or exchangeable.
Standards For Fair Value Determinations. As a general principle, the fair value of a security is the amount that a Fund might reasonably expect to realize upon its current sale. The Trust has adopted Financial Accounting Standards Board Statement of Financial Accounting Standards Codification Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements and disclosures ("ASC 820"). In accordance with ASC 820, fair value is defined as the price that the Fund would receive upon selling an investment in a timely transaction to an independent buyer in the principal or most advantageous market of the investment. ASC 820 establishes a three-tier hierarchy to maximize the use of observable market data and minimize the use of unobservable inputs and to establish classification of fair value measurements for disclosure purposes. Inputs refer broadly to the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability, including assumptions about risk, for example, the risk inherent in a particular valuation technique used to measure fair value including such a pricing model and/or the risk inherent in the inputs to the valuation technique. Inputs may be observable or unobservable. Observable inputs are inputs that reflect the assumptions market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability developed based on market data obtained from sources independent of the reporting entity. Unobservable inputs are inputs that reflect the reporting entity's own assumptions about the assumptions market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability developed based on the best information available in the circumstances.
Various inputs are used in determining the value of the Fund's investments relating to ASC 820. These inputs are summarized in the three broad levels listed below.
Level 1 – quoted prices in active markets for identical securities.
Level 2 – other significant observable inputs (including quoted prices for similar securities, interest rates, prepayment speeds, credit risk, etc.)
Level 3 – significant unobservable inputs (including the Fund's own assumptions in determining the fair value of investments).
23 |
The fair value team takes into account the relevant factors and surrounding circumstances, which may include: (i) the nature and pricing history (if any) of the security; (ii) whether any dealer quotations for the security are available; (iii) possible valuation methodologies that could be used to determine the fair value of the security; (iv) the recommendation of a portfolio manager of the Fund with respect to the valuation of the security; (v) whether the same or similar securities are held by other Funds managed by the Adviser (or a sub-adviser, if any) or other Funds and the method used to price the security in those Funds; (vi) the extent to which the fair value to be determined for the security will result from the use of data or formulae produced by independent third parties and (vii) the liquidity or illiquidity of the market for the security.
Board of Trustees Determination. The Board of Trustees meets at least quarterly to consider the valuations provided by fair value team and ratify valuations for the applicable securities. The Board of Trustees considers the reports provided by the fair value team, including follow up studies of subsequent market-provided prices when available, in reviewing and determining in good faith the fair value of the applicable portfolio securities .
MANAGEMENT OF THE FUND
The Board has overall responsibility to manage and control the business affairs of the Vertical Capital Income Fund (the "Fund" or "Trust"), including the complete and exclusive authority to oversee and to establish policies regarding the management, conduct and operation of the Fund's business. The Board exercises the same powers, authority and responsibilities on behalf of the Fund as are customarily exercised by the board of directors of a registered investment company organized as a corporation. The business of the Trust is managed under the direction of the Board in accordance with the Agreement and Declaration of Trust and the Trust's By-laws (the "Governing Documents"), each as amended from time to time, which have been filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission and are available upon request. The Board consists of four individuals, one of whom is an "interested person" (as defined under the Investment Company Act of 1940) of the Trust; and three Trustees who are not "interested persons" ("Independent Trustees"). Pursuant to the Governing Documents of the Trust, the Trustees shall elect officers including a President, a Secretary, a Treasurer, a Principal Executive Officer and a Principal Accounting Officer. The Board retains the power to conduct, operate and carry on the business of the Trust and has the power to incur and pay any expenses, which, in the opinion of the Board, are necessary or incidental to carry out any of the Trust's purposes. The Trustees, officers, employees and agents of the Trust, when acting in such capacities, shall not be subject to any personal liability except for his or her own bad faith, willful misfeasance, gross negligence or reckless disregard of his or her duties.
Board Leadership Structure
The Fund is led by Mr. Chapman as Chairman of the Board. Mr. Chapman is considered an interested person because he is Executive Vice President of the Adviser.
24 |
The Trustees elected Mr. Chapman Chairman on September 9, 2015. The Board of Trustees is comprised of Mr. Chapman ("Interested Trustee") and three Independent Trustees. The Independent Trustees have selected Robert J. Boulware as the Lead Independent Trustee. Additionally, under certain 1940 Act governance guidelines that apply to the Trust, the Independent Trustees will meet in executive session, at least quarterly. Under the Trust's Agreement and Declaration of Trust and By-Laws, the Chairman and President are responsible, generally, for (a) presiding at board and shareholder meetings, (b) calling special meetings on an as-needed basis, and, more generally, in-practice (c) execution and administration of Fund policies including (i) setting the agendas for Board meetings and (ii) providing information to Board members in advance of each Board meeting and between Board meetings. Generally, the Fund believes it best to have more than a single leader so as to be seen by shareholders, business partners and other stakeholders as providing strong leadership through a depth of leadership. The Fund believes that its Chairman, Lead Independent Trustee and President together with the Audit Committee and the full Board of Trustees, provide effective leadership that is in the best interests of the Fund and shareholders because of the Board's collective business acumen and understanding of the regulatory framework under which investment companies must operate.
Board Risk Oversight
The Board of Trustees is comprised of Mr. Chapman, an Interested Trustee and three other Independent Trustees with a standing independent Audit Committee with a separate chair. The Audit Committee is composed of only Independent Trustees. The Board is responsible for overseeing risk management, and the full Board regularly engages in discussions of risk management and receives compliance reports that inform its oversight of risk management from its Chief Compliance Officer at quarterly meetings and on an ad hoc basis, when and if necessary. The Audit Committee considers financial and reporting risk within its area of responsibilities. Generally, the Board believes that its oversight of material risks is adequately maintained through the compliance-reporting chain where the Chief Compliance Officer is the primary recipient and communicator of such risk-related information.
Trustee Qualifications
Generally, the Trust believes that each Trustee is competent to serve because of their individual overall merits including: (i) experience, (ii) qualifications, (iii) attributes and (iv) skills. Robert J. Boulware has over 20 years of business experience in the financial services industry including executive positions with ING Funds Distributor, LLC, Bank of America and Wesav Financial Corporation. Mr. Boulware also holds a Bachelor of Science degree in Business Administration from Northern Arizona University. Mr. Boulware serves as a member of two other investment company boards outside of the Fund Complex and possesses a strong understanding of the regulatory framework under which investment companies must operate based on his years of service to a multiple-fund mutual fund complex. T. Neil Bathon has over 20 years of business experience in the financial services industry including executive positions with
25 |
financial; research and consulting firms. Mr. Bathon also holds a Master of Business Administration degree from DePaul University and a Bachelors of Business Administration degree from Marquette University. Mr. Bathon also served as a member of another investment company board outside of the Fund Complex and possesses a strong understanding of the regulatory framework under which investment companies must operate based on his years of service to the Fund. Mark J. Schlafly has over 20 years of business experience in the financial services industry with a focus on brokerage firms including A.G. Edwards and LPL Financial Corporation. Mr. Schlafly also holds a Bachelor of Science degree in Finance from Saint Louis University. Mr. Chapman has over 20 years of business experience in the financial services industry including executive positions with financial enterprises including real estate investment trusts (REITs) such as AMLI Residential Properties Trust, a publicly traded multifamily real estate investment trust (NYSE:AML), where he served as chief financial officer from 1997-2007. Mr. Chapman served as a Founding Board Member of the National Association of Real Estate Companies (NAREC). He is, or has been, a member of the Association of Foreign Investors in Real Estate, the Mortgage Bankers Association, the National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts, the National Multi Housing Council, Pension Real Estate Association, the Real Estate Investment Advisory Council, the Urban Land Institute, and the International Council of Shopping Centers. Additionally, Mr. Chapman holds a Bachelor of Business Administration degree in accounting and an Master of Business Administration degree in finance from the University of Cincinnati. He is also a certified public accountant (CPA) and has been, a member of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants, and the Illinois CPA Society. Mr. Chapman is well-versed in the nature of regulatory frameworks under which companies must operate based on his years of service to various companies subject to multiple levels of regulation. The Trust does not believe any one factor is determinative in assessing a Trustee's qualifications, but that the collective experience of each Trustee makes them each highly qualified.
Following is a list of the Trustees and executive officers of the Trust and their principal occupation over the last five years. Unless otherwise noted, the address of each Trustee and Officer is 80 Arkay Drive, Suite 110, Hauppauge, NY 11788.
Independent Trustees
Name, Address and Age (Year of Birth) | Position/Term of Office* |
Principal Occupation During the Past Five Years |
Number of Portfolios in Fund Complex** Overseen by Trustee |
Other Directorships
held by Trustee |
Robert J. Boulware 1956 |
Trustee since August 2011 |
Managing Director, Pilgrim Funds, LLC (private equity fund), Sept. 2006 to present. | 1 | Trustee, Brighthouse Funds Trust I (45 portfolios), March 2008 to present; Trustee, Brighthouse Funds Trust II (29 portfolios), April 2012 to present; Director, Gainsco Inc. (auto insurance) May 2005 to present; SharesPost 100 Fund, March 2013 to present. |
26 |
Mark J. Schlafly 1961 | Trustee since August 2011 | Executive Vice President , Waddell & Reed, Inc. (financial services firm), May 2016 to present; Staff Member, Weston Center, Washington University, August 2011 to present; Managing Director, Russell Investments, June 2013 to Jan. 2015; President and Chief Executive Officer, FSC Securities Corporation, July 2008 to April 2011; Senior Vice President, LPL Financial Corporation, July 2006 to July 2008. | 1 | None |
T. Neil Bathon 1961 |
Trustee since August 2011 |
Managing Partner, FUSE Research Network, LLC, Aug. 2008 to present; Managing Director, PMR Associates LLC, July 2006 to Present; Financial Research Corp, Oct. 1987 to May 2006. | 1 | BNY Mellon Charitable Gift Fund, June 2013 to present. |
27 |
Interested Trustee, Officers
Name, Address and Age (Year of Birth) | Position/Term of Office* |
Principal Occupation During the Past Five Years |
Number of Portfolios in Fund Complex Overseen by Trustee |
Other Directorships held by Trustee |
Robert J. Chapman *** 1947 |
Trustee, since August 2015 | Executive Vice President, Oakline Advisors, LLC (investment adviser), a position held since July 2015. Executive Vice President, Stratera Holdings, LLC (financial services holding company) a position held since 2007. | 1 | None |
Michael D. Cohen 1974 |
President, since July 2015 | Chief Executive Officer Stratera Holdings, LLC, (financial services holding company), a position held since October 2016, President of Stratera Holdings, LLC, a position held since April 2015; Executive Vice President, Jan. 2013 to Apr. 2015. President of Stratera Services, LLC, Apr. 2015 to present; Executive Vice President, Jan. 2011 to Apr. 2015. Similar positions held at subsidiaries of Stratera Holdings. Executive Vice President of Pathway Energy Infrastructure Management, LLC, Aug. 2014 to present. Director, Behringer Harvard Opportunity REIT I, Inc., July 2014 to present. Director, Behringer Harvard Opportunity REIT II, Inc., Feb. 2013 to Sept. 2017. Executive Vice President, Pathway Energy Infrastructure Fund, LLC, Feb 2013 to present. Executive Vice President of Priority Senior Secured Income Management, LLC, Oct. 2012 to present. Executive Vice President of Priority Income Fund, Inc., July 2012 to present. | n/a | n/a |
Lisa Ross 1963 |
Treasurer
since August 2018 |
Chief Financial Officer, Stratera Holdings, LLC (financial services holding company), May 2017 to present; Senior Vice President Accounting, Stratera Holdings, LLC, October 2013 to May 2017; Chief Financial Officer, Behringer Harvard Opportunity REIT I, Inc.(a public real estate investment trust), October 2014 to June 2017; Chief Accounting Officer, Behringer Harvard Opportunity REIT I, Inc., January 2012 to October 2014. | n/a | n/a |
Stanton P. Eigenbrodt 1965 |
Secretary since July 2015 |
Executive Vice President of Oakline Advisors, a position held since July 2015. Chief Legal Officer of Stratera Holdings, LLC (financial services holding company) a position held since Sept. 2015; Executive Vice President and General Counsel (2011-2015); Senior Vice President and General Counsel (2006-2011). Similar positions held at subsidiaries of Stratera Holdings, LLC. | n/a | n/a |
28 |
Emile R. Molineaux 1962 |
Chief Compliance Officer and Anti-Money Laundering Officer since August 2011 | Northern Lights Compliance Services, LLC (Secretary since 2003 and Senior Compliance Officer since 2011); General Counsel, CCO and Senior Vice President, Gemini Fund Services, LLC; Secretary and CCO, Northern Lights Compliance Services, LLC (2003-2011). | n/a | n/a |
* The term of office for each Trustee listed above will continue indefinitely and officers listed above serve subject to annual reappointment.
** The term "Fund Complex" refers to the Vertical Capital Income Fund.
*** Mr. Chapman is an interested Trustee because he is also an officer of the Fund's investment adviser.
Board Committees
Audit Committee
The Board has an Audit Committee that consists of all the Independent Trustees, each of whom is not an "interested person" of the Trust within the meaning of the 1940 Act. The Audit Committee's responsibilities include: (i) recommending to the Board the selection, retention or termination of the Trust's independent auditors; (ii) reviewing with the independent auditors the scope, performance and anticipated cost of their audit; (iii) discussing with the independent auditors certain matters relating to the Trust's financial statements, including any adjustment to such financial statements recommended by such independent auditors, or any other results of any audit; (iv) reviewing on a periodic basis a formal written statement from the independent auditors with respect to their independence, discussing with the independent auditors any relationships or services disclosed in the statement that may impact the objectivity and independence of the Trust's independent auditors and recommending that the Board take appropriate action in response thereto to satisfy itself of the auditor's independence; and (v) considering the comments of the independent auditors and management's responses thereto with respect to the quality and adequacy of the Trust's accounting and financial reporting policies and practices and internal controls. The Audit Committee operates pursuant to an Audit Committee Charter. The Audit Committee is responsible for seeking and reviewing nominee candidates for consideration as Independent Trustees as is from time to time considered necessary or appropriate. The Audit Committee generally will consider shareholder nominees to the extent required pursuant to rules under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. The Audit Committee is also responsible for reviewing and setting Independent Trustee compensation from time to time when considered necessary or appropriate. During the fiscal year ended September 30, 2018, the Audit Committee held two meetings.
Trustee Ownership
The following table indicates the dollar range of equity securities that any Trustee beneficially owned in the Fund as of December 31, 2018.
29 |
Name of Trustee |
Dollar Range of Equity Securities in the Fund | Aggregate Dollar Range of Equity Securities in All Registered Investment Companies Overseen by Trustee in Family of Investment Companies |
Robert J. Boulware | Over $100,000 | Over $100,000 |
Mark J. Schlafly | None | None |
T. Neil Bathon | None | None |
Robert J. Chapman | None | None |
Compensation
As of the date of this SAI, each Trustee who is not affiliated with the Trust or Adviser receives a quarterly retainer fee of $5,000, regular quarterly per-meeting fee of $2,500, and a special meeting fee of $1,000. The Lead Independent Trustee receives an additional yearly fee of $10,000. All Trustees receive reimbursement for any reasonable expenses incurred attending the meetings. None of the executive officers receive compensation from the Trust.
The table below details the amount of compensation the Trustees earned from the Trust during the fiscal year ended September 30, 2018. The Trustees were also reimbursed for certain Fund-related expenses such as travel. The Trust does not have a bonus, profit sharing, pension or retirement plan.
Name and Position |
Aggregate Compensation From Trust |
Pension or Retirement Benefits Accrued as Part of Fund Expenses |
Estimated Annual Benefits Upon Retirement |
Total Compensation From Trust Paid to Directors |
Robert J. Boulware | $41,000 | None | None | $41,000 |
Mark J. Schlafly | $31,000 | None | None | $31,000 |
T. Neil Bathon | $31,000 | None | None | $31,000 |
Robert J. Chapman | None | None | None | None |
CODES OF ETHICS
Each of the Fund, the Adviser and the Trust's Distributor has adopted a code of ethics under Rule 17j-1 of the 1940 Act (collectively the "Ethics Codes"). Rule 17j-1 and the Ethics Codes are designed to prevent unlawful practices in connection with the purchase or sale of securities by covered personnel ("Access Persons"). The Ethics Codes permit Access Persons, subject to certain restrictions, to invest in securities, including securities that may be purchased or held by the Fund. Under the Ethics Codes, Access Persons may engage in personal securities transactions, but are required to report their personal securities transactions for monitoring purposes. In addition, certain Access Persons are required to obtain approval before investing in initial public offerings or private placements. The Ethics Codes can be reviewed and copied at the SEC's Public Reference Room in Washington, D.C. Information on the operation of the Public Reference Room may be obtained by calling the SEC at
30 |
1-202-551-8090. The codes are available on the EDGAR database on the SEC's website at www.sec.gov, and also may be obtained, after paying a duplicating fee, by electronic request at the following e-mail address: publicinfo@sec.gov, or by writing the SEC's Public Reference Section, Washington, D.C. 20549.
PROXY VOTING POLICIES AND PROCEDURES
The Board has adopted Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures ("Policies") on behalf of the Trust, which delegate the responsibility for voting proxies to the Adviser, subject to the Board's continuing oversight. However, the Fund does not anticipate investing in securities that will have shareholder voting by proxy or otherwise. The Policies require that the Adviser vote proxies received in a manner consistent with the best interests of the Fund and shareholders. The Policies also require the Adviser to present to the Board, at least annually, the Adviser's Proxy Policies and a record of each proxy voted by the Adviser on behalf of the Fund, including a report on the resolution of all proxies identified by the Adviser involving a conflict of interest.
Where a proxy proposal raises a material conflict between the interests of the Adviser, any affiliated person(s) of the Adviser, the Fund's principal underwriter (distributor) or any affiliated person of the principal underwriter (distributor), or any affiliated person of the Trust and the Fund's or its shareholder's interests, the Adviser will resolve the conflict by voting in accordance with the policy guidelines or at the Trust's directive using the recommendation of an independent third party. If the third party's recommendations are not received in a timely fashion, the Adviser will abstain from voting. A copy of the Adviser's proxy voting policies is attached hereto as Appendix A.
Information regarding how the Fund voted proxies relating to portfolio securities held by the Fund during the most recent 12-month period ending June 30 will be available (1) without charge, upon request, by calling the Fund toll-free at 1-866-277-VCIF; and (2) on the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission's website at http://www.sec.gov. In addition, a copy of the Fund's proxy voting policies and procedures are also available by calling toll-free at 1-866-277-VCIF and will be sent within three business days of receipt of a request.
CONTROL PERSONS AND PRINCIPAL HOLDERS
A principal shareholder is any person who owns (either of record or beneficially) 5% or more of the outstanding shares of a fund. A control person is one who owns, either directly or indirectly more than 25% of the voting securities of a company or acknowledges the existence of control. A control person may be able to determine the outcome of a matter put to a shareholder vote.
As of January 11, 2019, the Trustees and officers as a group owned less than 1% of the outstanding shares of the Fund. As of January 11, 2019, the name, address and percentage of ownership of each entity or person that owned of record or beneficially 5% or more of the outstanding shares of the Fund were as follows:
31 |
Name & Address | Number of Shares | Status |
Percentage
of Class |
Percentage
of Fund |
Charles Schwab & Co.
211 Main Street San Francisco, CA 94105 |
1,128,000.359
Class A |
Record | 10.39% | 10.38% |
Pershing LLC P.O. Box 2052 Jersey City, NJ 07303 |
8,430.257
Class C |
Record | 100.00% | 0.08% |
INVESTMENT ADVISORY AND OTHER SERVICES
The Adviser
Oakline Advisors, LLC, located at 14675 Dallas Parkway, Suite 600, Dallas, TX 75254, provides day to day management of the Fund's investment portfolio pursuant to an investment advisory agreement (the "Advisory Agreement") and earns a management fee at the annual rate of 1.25% of the Fund's average daily net assets. The Adviser and affiliates serve a variety of retail, registered investment adviser and institutional investor clients.
Under the general supervision of the Fund's Board of Trustees, the Adviser will carry out the investment and reinvestment of the net assets of the Fund, will furnish continuously an investment program with respect to the Fund, will determine which securities should be purchased, sold or exchanged. In addition, the Adviser will supervise and provide oversight of the Fund's service providers. The Adviser will furnish to the Fund office facilities, equipment and personnel for servicing the management of the Fund. The Adviser will compensate all Adviser personnel who provide services to the Fund. In return for these services, facilities and payments, the Fund has agreed to pay the Adviser as compensation under the Advisory Agreement a monthly management fee computed at the annual rate of 1.25% of the average daily net assets. The Adviser may employ research services and service providers to assist in the Adviser's market analysis and investment selection. During the fiscal year ended
32 |
September 30, 2016, Oakline Advisors, LLC earned advisory fees of $2,119,196, of which $1,063,215 were waived. During the fiscal year ended September 30, 2017, Oakline Advisors, LLC earned advisory fees of $2,145,814, of which $1,196,051 were waived. During the fiscal year ended September 30, 2018, Oakline Advisors, LLC earned advisory fees of $1,875,820, of which $1,409,845 were waived. During the fiscal years ended September 30, 2015, 2016, 2017, and 2018, the Fund incurred expenses associated with transition to the new Adviser in the amounts of $303,738, $348,297, $85,359, and $8,158, respectively. These transition expenses are not subject to the operating expense limitation.
The Adviser and the Fund have entered into an expense limitation and reimbursement agreement (the "Expense Limitation Agreement") under which the Adviser has agreed contractually to waive its fees and to pay or absorb the ordinary operating expenses of the Fund (including all organization and offering expenses, but excluding interest, brokerage commissions, extraordinary expenses and acquired fund fees and expenses) to the extent that they exceed 2.25% and 3.00% per annum of the Fund's respective Class A and Class C average daily net assets, at least through January 31, 2020 (the "Expense Limitation"). In consideration of the Adviser's agreement to limit the Fund's expenses, the Fund has agreed to repay the Adviser in the amount of any fees waived and Fund expenses paid or absorbed, subject to the limitations that: (1) the reimbursement will be made only for fees and expenses incurred not more than three years from the end of the moth year in which they were incurred; and (2) the reimbursement may not be made if it would cause the Expense Limitation to be exceeded or any then-current expense limitation. This agreement may be terminated only by the Fund's Board of Trustees on 60 days written notice to the Adviser. After January 31, 2020, the Expense Limitation Agreement may expire, be renewed, or be modified to limit expenses to a different level at the Adviser's and Board's discretion.
Conflicts of Interest
The Adviser may provide investment advisory and other services, directly and through affiliates, to various entities and accounts other than the Fund ("Adviser Accounts"). The Fund has no interest in these activities. The Adviser and the investment professionals, who on behalf of the Adviser, provide investment advisory services to the Fund, are engaged in substantial activities other than on behalf of the Fund, may have differing economic interests in respect of such activities, and may have conflicts of interest in allocating their time and activity between the Fund and the Adviser Accounts. Such persons devote only so much time to the affairs of the Fund as in their judgment is necessary and appropriate. Set out below are practices that the Adviser follows.
Participation in Investment Opportunities
Directors, principals, officers, employees and affiliates of the Adviser may buy and sell securities or other investments for their own accounts and may have actual or potential conflicts of interest with respect to investments made on behalf of the Fund. As a result of differing trading and investment strategies or constraints, positions may be taken by directors, principals, officers, employees and affiliates of the Adviser, or by the
33 |
Adviser for the Adviser Accounts, if any, that are the same as, different from or made at a different time than, positions taken for the Fund.
PORTFOLIO MANAGERS
David F. Aisner, an executive vice president of the Adviser, and Robert J. Chapman, an executive vice president of the Adviser, are the Fund's co-portfolio managers. Each share primary responsibility for management of the Fund's investment portfolio and have served the Fund in this capacity since July 2015. Mr. Aisner and Mr. Chapman are not compensated directly by the Adviser, but receive cash compensation in the form of base salary, cash bonus and benefits from an operating subsidiary of Stratera Holdings, LLC, the parent of the Adviser.
Because the portfolio managers may manage assets for other pooled investment vehicles and/or other accounts (including institutional clients, pension plans and certain high net worth individuals) (collectively "Client Accounts"), or may be affiliated with such Client Accounts, there may be an incentive to favor one Client Account over another, resulting in conflicts of interest. For example, the Adviser may, directly or indirectly, receive fees from Client Accounts that are higher than the fee it receives from the Fund, or it may, directly or indirectly, receive a performance-based fee on a Client Account. In those instances, a portfolio manager may have an incentive to not favor the Fund over the Client Accounts. The Adviser has adopted trade allocation and other policies and procedures that it believes are reasonably designed to address these and other conflicts of interest. As of September 30, 2018, Mr. Aisner and Mr. Chapman owned no shares of the Fund.
As of September 30, 2018, Mr. Aisner was responsible for the management of the following types of accounts in addition to the Fund:
Other Accounts By Type | Total Number of Accounts by Account Type | Total Assets By Account Type | Number of Accounts by Type Subject to a Performance Fee | Total Assets By Account Type Subject to a Performance Fee |
Registered Investment Companies | 0 | $0 | 0 | $0 |
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles | 0 | $0 | 0 | $0 |
Other Accounts | 0 | $0 | 0 | $0 |
As of September 30, 2018, Mr. Chapman was responsible for the management of the following types of accounts in addition to the Fund:
34 |
Other Accounts By Type | Total Number of Accounts by Account Type | Total Assets By Account Type | Number of Accounts by Type Subject to a Performance Fee | Total Assets By Account Type Subject to a Performance Fee |
Registered Investment Companies | 0 | $0 | 0 | $0 |
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles | 0 | $0 | 0 | $0 |
Other Accounts | 0 | $0 | 0 | $0 |
Distributor
Northern Lights Distributors, LLC (the "Distributor"), located at 17605 Wright Street, Omaha, NE 68130, is serving as the Fund's principal underwriter and acts as the distributor of the Fund's shares on a reasonable efforts, subject to various conditions.
ALLOCATION OF BROKERAGE
Specific decisions to purchase or sell securities for the Fund are made by the portfolio managers who are employees of the Adviser. The Adviser is authorized by the Trustees to allocate the orders placed on behalf of the Fund to brokers or dealers who may, but need not, provide research or statistical material or other services to the Fund or the Adviser for the Fund's use. Such allocation is to be in such amounts and proportions as the Adviser may determine.
In selecting a broker or dealer to execute each particular transaction, the Adviser takes the following into consideration:
Brokers or dealers executing a portfolio transaction on behalf of the Fund may receive a commission in excess of the amount of commission another broker or dealer would have charged for executing the transaction if the Adviser determines in good faith that such commission is reasonable in relation to the value of brokerage and research services provided to the Fund. In allocating portfolio brokerage, the Adviser may select brokers or dealers who also provide brokerage, research and other services to other accounts over which the Adviser exercises investment discretion. Some of the services received as the result of Fund transactions may primarily benefit accounts other than the Fund, while services received as the result of portfolio transactions effected on behalf of those other accounts may primarily benefit the Fund. During the fiscal year
35 |
ended September 30, 2014, and the fiscal year ended September 30, 2015, the Fund paid $773,567, and $779,032, respectively, in brokerage commissions of which 100% was paid to an affiliate (Vertical Recovery Management, LLC) of the prior adviser. During the fiscal years ended September 30, 2016, 2017, and 2018 the Fund paid no brokerage commissions. This change in brokerage commissions reflects a shift to executing mortgage note trades on a principal basis with the sellers and buyers of such notes, rather than through the use of a broker that charged commissions.
Affiliated Party Brokerage
The Adviser and its affiliates will not purchase securities or other property from, or sell securities or other property to, the Fund, except that the Fund may in accordance with rules under the 1940 Act engage in transactions with accounts that are affiliated with the Fund as a result of common officers, directors, advisers, members, managing general partners or common control. These transactions would be effected in circumstances in which the Adviser determined that it would be appropriate for the Fund to purchase and another client to sell, or the Fund to sell and another client to purchase, the same security or instrument each on the same day.
The Adviser places its trades under a policy adopted by the Trustees pursuant to Section 17(e) and Rule 17(e)(1) under the 1940 Act which places limitations on the securities transactions effected through the Distributor. The policy of the Fund with respect to brokerage is reviewed by the Trustees from time to time. Because of the possibility of further regulatory developments affecting the securities exchanges and brokerage practices generally, the foregoing practices may be modified.
TAX STATUS
The following discussion is general in nature and should not be regarded as an exhaustive presentation of all possible tax ramifications. All shareholders should consult a qualified tax adviser regarding their investment in the Fund.
The Fund intends to qualify as regulated investment company under Subchapter M of the Code, which requires compliance with certain requirements concerning the sources of its income, diversification of its assets, and the amount and timing of its distributions to shareholders. Such qualification does not involve supervision of management or investment practices or policies by any government agency or bureau. By so qualifying, the Fund should not be subject to federal income or excise tax on its net investment income or net capital gain, which are distributed to shareholders in accordance with the applicable timing requirements. Net investment income and net capital gain of the Fund will be computed in accordance with Section 852 of the Code. Net investment income is made up of dividends and interest less expenses. Net capital gain for a fiscal year is computed by taking into account any capital loss carryforward of the Fund.
36 |
The Fund intends to distribute all of its net investment income, any excess of net short-term capital gains over net long-term capital losses, and any excess of net long-term capital gains over net short-term capital losses in accordance with the timing requirements imposed by the Code and therefore should not be required to pay any federal income or excise taxes. Distributions of net investment income will be made monthly and net capital gain will be made at least annually. Both types of distributions will be in shares of the Fund unless a shareholder elects to receive cash.
To be treated as a regulated investment company under Subchapter M of the Code, the Fund must also (a) derive at least 90% of its gross income from dividends, interest, payments with respect to securities loans, net income from certain publicly traded partnerships and gains from the sale or other disposition of securities or foreign currencies, or other income (including, but not limited to, gains from options, futures or forward contracts) derived with respect to the business of investing in such securities or currencies, and (b) diversify its holdings so that, at the end of each fiscal quarter, (i) at least 50% of the market value of the Fund's assets is represented by cash, U.S. government securities and securities of other regulated investment companies, and other securities (for purposes of this calculation, generally limited in respect of any one issuer, to an amount not greater than 5% of the market value of the Fund's assets and 10% of the outstanding voting securities of such issuer) and (ii) not more than 25% of the value of its assets is invested in the securities of (other than U.S. government securities or the securities of other regulated investment companies) any one issuer, two or more issuers which the Fund controls and which are determined to be engaged in the same or similar trades or businesses, or the securities of certain publicly traded partnerships.
If the Fund fails to qualify as a regulated investment company under Subchapter M of the Code in any fiscal year, it will be treated as a corporation for federal income tax purposes. As such, the Fund would be required to pay income taxes on its net investment income and net realized capital gains, if any, at the rates generally applicable to corporations. Shareholders of the Fund generally would not be liable for income tax on the Fund's net investment income or net realized capital gains in their individual capacities. Distributions to shareholders, whether from the Fund's net investment income or net realized capital gains, would be treated as taxable dividends to the extent of current or accumulated earnings and profits of the Fund.
The Fund is subject to a 4% nondeductible excise tax on certain undistributed amounts of ordinary income and capital gain under a prescribed formula contained in Section 4982 of the Code. The formula requires payment to shareholders during a calendar year of distributions representing at least 98% of the Fund's ordinary income for the calendar year and at least 98.2% of its capital gain net income (i.e., the excess of its capital gains over capital losses) realized during the one-year period ending October 31 during such year plus 100% of any income that was neither distributed nor taxed to the Fund during the preceding calendar year. Under ordinary circumstances, the Fund expects to time its distributions so as to avoid liability for this tax.
37 |
The following discussion of tax consequences is for the general information of shareholders that are subject to tax. Shareholders that are IRAs or other qualified retirement plans are exempt from income taxation under the Code.
Distributions of taxable net investment income and the excess of net short-term capital gain over net long-term capital loss are taxable to shareholders as ordinary income.
Distributions of net capital gain ("capital gain dividends") generally are taxable to shareholders as long-term capital gain, regardless of the length of time the shares of the Fund have been held by such shareholders.
A redemption of Fund shares by a shareholder will result in the recognition of taxable gain or loss in an amount equal to the difference between the amount realized and the shareholder's tax basis in his or her Fund shares. Such gain or loss is treated as a capital gain or loss if the shares are held as capital assets. However, any loss realized upon the redemption of shares within six months from the date of their purchase will be treated as a long-term capital loss to the extent of any amounts treated as capital gain dividends during such six-month period. All or a portion of any loss realized upon the redemption of shares may be disallowed to the extent shares are purchased (including shares acquired by means of reinvested dividends) within 30 days before or after such redemption.
Distributions of taxable net investment income and net capital gain will be taxable as described above, whether received in additional cash or shares. Shareholders electing to receive distributions in the form of additional shares will have a cost basis for federal income tax purposes in each share so received equal to the net asset value of a share on the reinvestment date.
All distributions of taxable net investment income and net capital gain, whether received in shares or in cash, must be reported by each taxable shareholder on his or her federal income tax return. Dividends or distributions declared in October, November or December as of a record date in such a month, if any, will be deemed to have been received by shareholders on December 31, if paid during January of the following year. Redemptions of shares may result in tax consequences (gain or loss) to the shareholder and are also subject to these reporting requirements. For taxable years beginning after December 31, 2012, certain U.S. shareholders, including individuals and estates and trusts, will be subject to an additional 3.8% Medicare tax on all or a portion of their “net investment income,” which should include dividends from the Fund and net gains from the disposition of shares of the Fund. U.S. Shareholders are urged to consult their own tax advisers regarding the implications of the additional Medicare tax resulting from an investment in the Fund.
Under the Code, the Fund will be required to report to the Internal Revenue Service all distributions of taxable income and capital gains as well as gross proceeds from the redemption or exchange of Fund shares, except in the case of certain exempt
38 |
shareholders. Under the backup withholding provisions of Section 3406 of the Code, distributions of taxable net investment income and net capital gain and proceeds from the redemption or exchange of the shares of a regulated investment company may be subject to withholding of federal income tax in the case of non-exempt shareholders who fail to furnish the investment company with their taxpayer identification numbers and with required certifications regarding their status under the federal income tax law, or if the Fund is notified by the IRS or a broker that withholding is required due to an incorrect TIN or a previous failure to report taxable interest or dividends. If the withholding provisions are applicable, any such distributions and proceeds, whether taken in cash or reinvested in additional shares, will be reduced by the amounts required to be withheld.
Payments to a shareholder that is either a foreign financial institution ("FFI") or a non-financial foreign entity ("NFFE") within the meaning of the Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act ("FATCA") may be subject to a generally nonrefundable 30% withholding tax on: (a) income dividends paid by a Fund after June 30, 2014 and (b) certain capital gain distributions and the proceeds arising from the sale of Fund shares paid by the Fund after December 31, 2016. FATCA withholding tax generally can be avoided: (a) by an FFI, subject to any applicable intergovernmental agreement or other exemption, if it enters into a valid agreement with the IRS to, among other requirements, report required information about certain direct and indirect ownership of foreign financial accounts held by U.S. persons with the FFI and (b) by an NFFE, if it: (i) certifies that it has no substantial U.S. persons as owners or (ii) if it does have such owners, reports information relating to them. A Fund may disclose the information that it receives from its shareholders to the IRS, non-U.S. taxing authorities or other parties as necessary to comply with FATCA. Withholding also may be required if a foreign entity that is a shareholder of a Fund fails to provide the Fund with appropriate certifications or other documentation concerning its status under FATCA.
Original Issue Discount and Pay-In-Kind Securities
Current federal tax law requires the holder of a U.S. Treasury or other fixed-income zero coupon security to accrue as income each year a portion of the discount at which the security was purchased, even though the holder receives no interest payment in cash on the security during the year. In addition, pay-in-kind securities will give rise to income which is required to be distributed and is taxable even though the Fund holding the security receives no interest payment in cash on the security during the year.
Some of the debt securities (with a fixed maturity date of more than one year from the date of issuance) that may be acquired by the Fund may be treated as debt securities that are issued originally at a discount. Generally, the amount of the original issue discount ("OID") is treated as interest income and is included in income over the term of the debt security, even though payment of that amount is not received until a later time, usually when the debt security matures. A portion of the OID includable in income with respect to certain high-yield corporate debt securities (including certain pay-in-kind securities) may be treated as a dividend for U.S. federal income tax purposes.
39 |
Some of the debt securities (with a fixed maturity date of more than one year from the date of issuance) that may be acquired by the Fund in the secondary market may be treated as having market discount. Generally, any gain recognized on the disposition of, and any partial payment of principal on, a debt security having market discount is treated as ordinary income to the extent the gain, or principal payment, does not exceed the "accrued market discount" on such debt security. Market discount generally accrues in equal daily installments. The Fund may make one or more of the elections applicable to debt securities having market discount, which could affect the character and timing of recognition of income.
Some debt securities (with a fixed maturity date of one year or less from the date of issuance) that may be acquired by the Fund may be treated as having acquisition discount, or OID in the case of certain types of debt securities. Generally, the Fund will be required to include the acquisition discount, or OID, in income over the term of the debt security, even though payment of that amount is not received until a later time, usually when the debt security matures. The Fund may make one or more of the elections applicable to debt securities having acquisition discount, or OID, which could affect the character and timing of recognition of income.
A fund that holds the foregoing kinds of securities may be required to pay out as an income distribution each year an amount, which is greater than the total amount of cash interest the Fund actually received. Such distributions may be made from the cash assets of the Fund or by liquidation of portfolio securities, if necessary (including when it is not advantageous to do so). The Fund may realize gains or losses from such liquidations. In the event the Fund realizes net capital gains from such transactions, its shareholders may receive a larger capital gain distribution, if any, than they would in the absence of such transactions.
Shareholders of the Fund may be subject to state and local taxes on distributions received from the Fund and on redemptions of the Fund's shares.
A brief explanation of the form and character of the distribution accompany each distribution. In January of each year the Fund issues to each shareholder a statement of the federal income tax status of all distributions.
Shareholders should consult their tax advisers about the application of federal, state and local and foreign tax law in light of their particular situation.
OTHER INFORMATION
Each share represents a proportional interest in the assets of the Fund. Each share has one vote at shareholder meetings, with fractional shares voting proportionally, on matters submitted to the vote of shareholders. There are no cumulative voting rights. Shares do not have pre-emptive or conversion or redemption provisions. In the event of a liquidation of the Fund, shareholders are entitled to share pro rata in the net assets of
40 |
the Fund available for distribution to shareholders after all expenses and debts have been paid.
Compliance Service Provider
Northern Lights Compliance Services, LLC ("NLCS"), located at 80 Arkay Drive, Suite 110, Hauppauge, NY 11788 provides a Chief Compliance Officer to the Fund as well as related compliance services pursuant to a consulting agreement between NLCS and the Fund.
Administrator
Gemini Fund Services, LLC ("GFS"), located at 80 Arkay Drive, Suite 110, Hauppauge, NY 11788 serves as the Fund's administrator, fund accountant and transfer agent pursuant to a fund services agreement between GFS and the Fund.
Legal Counsel
Thompson Hine LLP, 41 South High Street, Suite 1700, Columbus, Ohio 43215, acts as legal counsel to the Fund.
Custodian
U.S. Bank, N.A. (the "Custodian") serves as the primary custodian of the Fund's assets, and may maintain custody of the Fund's assets with domestic and foreign subcustodians (which may be banks, trust companies, securities depositories and clearing agencies) approved by the Trustees. Assets of the Fund are not held by the Adviser or commingled with the assets of other accounts other than to the extent that securities are held in the name of a custodian in a securities depository, clearing agency or omnibus customer account of such custodian. The Custodian's principal business address is 425 Walnut Street, Cincinnati, Ohio 45202.
INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
Grant Thornton LLP, located at principal business address 171 N.
Clark Street, Chicago, Illinois 60601, serves as the fund’s independent registered public accounting firm, providing audit services and review of certain documents to be filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission.
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
The Financial Statements and independent registered public accounting firm's report thereon contained in the Fund's annual report dated September 30, 2018, are incorporated by reference in this Statement of Additional Information. The Fund's annual report is available upon request, without charge, by calling the Fund toll-free at 1-866-
41 |
277-8243.
42 |
APPENDIX A
PROXY VOTING POLICIES AND PROCEDURES
Summary of Proxy Policies and Procedures
Oakline Advisors, LLC (“Oakline”) will review on a case-by-case basis each proposal submitted for a stockholder vote to determine its impact on the portfolio securities held by its Clients. Although Oakline will generally vote against proposals that may have a negative impact on its Clients' portfolio securities, it may vote for such a proposal if there exists compelling long-term reasons to do so. The proxy voting decisions of Oakline shall be made by the senior officers who are responsible for monitoring each of its Clients' investments. To ensure that its vote is not the product of a conflict of interest, Oakline requires that: (a) anyone involved in the decision-making process disclose to the CCO any potential conflict that he or she is aware of and any contact that he or she has had with any interested party regarding a proxy vote; and (b) employees involved in the decision making process or vote administration are prohibited from revealing how Oakline intends to vote on a proposal in order to reduce any attempted influence from interested parties.
If Oakline becomes aware of a class action lawsuit in which Clients may participate, the President will determine whether Clients will (a) participate in a recovery achieved through a class action lawsuit, or (b) opt out of the class action and separately pursue their own remedy. The President will oversee the completion of Proof of Claim forms and any associated documentation, the submission of such documents to the claim administrator, and the receipt of any recovered monies. The President will maintain documentation associated with Clients participation in class action lawsuits.
Employees must notify the President if they are aware of any material conflict of interest associated with Clients’ participation in class action lawsuits.
A- 1 |
PART C - OTHER INFORMATION
Item 25 . Financial Statements and Exhibits
1. Financial Statements
Part A: The financial highlights of Vertical Capital Income Fund (the "Registrant") for the fiscal period ended September 30, 2018 are included in Part A of this registration statement in the section entitled "Financial Highlights."
Part B: The Registrant's audited Financial Statements and the notes thereto in the Registrant's Annual Report to Shareholders for the fiscal period ended September 30, 2018, filed electronically with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Section 30(b)(2) of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, are incorporated by reference into Part B of this registration statement.
2. Exhibits
a. (1) Agreement and Declaration of Trust 1
(2) Certificate of Trust 1
b. By-Laws 2
c. Voting Trust Agreements: None
d. Instruments Defining Rights of Security Holders. See Article III, "Shares" and Article V "Shareholders' Voting Powers and Meetings" of the Registrant's Agreement and Declaration of Trust. See also, Article 12, "Meetings" of shareholders of the Registrant's By-Laws.
e. Dividend reinvestment plan: None.
f. Rights of subsidiaries long-term debt holders: Not applicable.
g. Investment Advisory Agreement 4
h. (1) Underwriting Agreement 4
(2) Shareholder Servicing Plan 6
(3) Selling Agreement Form 2
(4) Multi-Class Plan 6
(5) Distribution Plan Class C 6
(6) Distribution Plan Class L 6
(7) Loan Agreement (Filed herewith).
i. Bonus, profit sharing, pension and similar arrangements for Fund Trustees and Officers: None.
j. Custody Agreement (Filed herewith).
k. (1) Fund Services Agreement (Administration, Accounting and Transfer Agency) 2
(2) Compliance Consulting Agreement 6
(3) Expense Limitation Agreement (Filed herewith)
(4) Security Servicing Agreement 4
l. (1) Opinion of Counsel 4
(2) Consent of Counsel (Filed herewith).
m. Non-resident Trustee Consent to Service of Process: Not applicable
n. Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (Filed herewith).
o. Omitted Financial Statements: None
p. Initial Capital Agreement 2
q. Model Retirement Plan: None
r. (1) Code of Ethics-Fund 2
(2) Code of Ethics-Adviser 5
(3) Code of Ethics-Principal Underwriter/Distributor (Filed herewith)
s. (1) Powers of Attorney 2
(2) Powers of Attorney 4
1 | Previously filed on May 3, 2011, as an exhibit to the Registrant's Registration Statement on Form N-2, and hereby incorporated by reference. |
2 | Previously filed on September 30, 2011, as an exhibit to Pre-Effective Amendment No. 1 to the Registrant's Registration Statement on Form N-2, and hereby incorporated by reference. |
3 | Previously filed on January 22, 2014, as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 2 to the Registrant's Registration Statement on Form N-2, and hereby incorporated by reference. |
4 | Previously filed on December 17, 2015, as an exhibit to the Registrant's Registration Statement on Form N-2, and hereby incorporated by reference. |
5 | Previously filed on March 28, 2017, as an exhibit to the Registrant's Registration Statement on Form N-2, and hereby incorporated by reference. |
6 | Previously filed on November 13, 2017, as an exhibit to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-2, and hereby incorporated by reference. |
Item 26 . Marketing Arrangements
Not Applicable.
Item 27 . Other Expenses of Issuance and Distribution
Not Applicable.
Item 28. Persons Controlled by or Under Common Control with Registrant
None.
Item 29 . Number of Holders of Securities as of January 11, 2019 :
Title of Class Class A Shares of Beneficial Ownership. |
Number of Record Holders 6,623 |
Class 2 Shares of Beneficial Ownership | 2 |
Item 30 . Indemnification
Reference is made to Article VIII Section 2 of the Registrant's Agreement and Declaration of Trust (the "Declaration of Trust"), previously filed as Exhibit (a)(2) hereto; Section 8 of the Registrant's Underwriting Agreement, previously filed as Exhibit (h)(1) hereto; and Section 4 of the Fund Services Agreement, previously filed as Exhibit (k)(1) hereto; Section 11 of Security Servicing Agreement, previously filed as Exhibit (k)(4) hereto; and Section 8 of the Compliance Consulting Agreement, filed herewith as Exhibit (k)(2). The Registrant hereby undertakes that it will apply the indemnification provisions of the Declaration of Trust and agreements described above in a manner consistent with Release 40-11330 of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC") under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the "1940 Act"), so long as the interpretation therein of Sections 17(h) and 17(i) of the 1940 Act remains in effect. The Registrant maintains insurance on behalf of any person who is or was an independent trustee, officer, employee, or agent of the Registrant against certain liability asserted against and incurred by, or arising out of, his or her position. However, in no event will the Registrant pay that portion of the premium, if any, for insurance to indemnify any such person for any act for which the Registrant itself is not permitted to indemnify.
Insofar as indemnification for liability arising under the Securities Act of 1933 (the "1933 Act") may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the SEC such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the 1933 Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, trustee, officer or controlling person of the registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, trustee, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the 1933 Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.
Item 31 . Business and Other Connections of Investment Adviser
A description of any other business, profession, vocation, or employment of a substantial nature in which the investment adviser of the Registrant, and each member, director, executive officer, or partner of any such investment adviser, is or has been, at any time during the past two fiscal years, engaged in for his or her own account or in the capacity of member, trustee, officer, employee, partner or director, is set forth in the Registrant's Prospectus in the section entitled "Management of the Fund." Information as to the members and officers of the Adviser is included in its Form ADV as filed with the SEC (File No. 801-80540), and is incorporated herein by reference.
Item 32 . Location of Accounts and Records
Gemini Fund Services, LLC, the Fund's administrator, maintains certain required accounting related and financial books and records of the Registrant at 80 Arkay Drive, Suite 110, Hauppauge, New York 11788. The other required books and records are maintained by the Adviser at 14675 Dallas Parkway, Suite 600, Dallas, Texas 75254.
Item 33 . Management Services
Not Applicable.
Item 34 . Undertakings
1. The Registrant undertakes to suspend the offering of shares until the Prospectus is amended if (1) subsequent to the effective date of its registration statement, the net asset value of the Fund declines more than ten percent from its net asset value as of the effective date of the registration statement or (2) the net asset value of the Fund increases to an amount greater than its net proceeds as stated in the Prospectus.
2. The Registrant undertakes to file, during any period in which offers or sales are being made, a post-effective amendment to the registration statement: (a) (i) to include any prospectus required by Section 10(a)(3) of the 1933 Act; (ii) to reflect in the prospectus any facts or events after the effective date of the registration statement (or the most recent post-effective amendment thereof) which, individually or in the aggregate, represent a fundamental change in the information set forth in the registration statement; and (iii) to include any material information with respect to the plan of distribution not previously disclosed in the registration statement or any material change to such information in the registration statement. (b) For the purpose of determining any liability under the 1933 Act, each post-effective amendment that contains a form of prospectus shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof. (c) The Registrant undertakes to remove from registration by means of a post-effective amendment any of the securities being registered which remain unsold at the termination of the offering. (d) The Registrant undertakes that, for the purpose of determining liability under the 1933 Act, if the Registrant is subject to Rule 430C, each prospectus filed pursuant to Rule 497(b), (c), (d) or (e) under the 1933 Act as part of a registration statement relating to an offering, other than prospectuses filed in reliance on Rule 430A under the 1933 Act, shall be deemed to be part of and included in the registration statement as of the date it is first used after effectiveness; provided however , that no statement made in a registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement or made in a document incorporated or deemed incorporated by reference into the registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement will, as to a purchaser with a time of contract of sale prior to such first use, supersede or modify any statement that was made in the registration statement or prospectus that was part of the registration statement or made in any such document immediately prior to such date of first use. (e) The Registrant undertakes that, for the purpose of determining liability under the 1933
Act, in a primary offering of securities of the undersigned Registrant pursuant to this registration statement, regardless of the underwriting method used to sell the securities to the purchaser, if the securities are offered or sold to such purchaser by means of any of the following communications, the undersigned Registrant will be a seller to the purchaser and will be considered to offer or sell such securities to the purchaser:
(i) any preliminary prospectus or prospectus of the undersigned Registrant relating to the offering required to be filed pursuant to Rule 497 under the 1933 Act; (ii) the portion of any advertisement pursuant to Rule 482 under the 1933 Act relating to the offering containing material information about the undersigned Registrant or its securities provided by or on behalf of the undersigned Registrant; and (iii) any other communication that is an offer in the offering made by the undersigned Registrant to the purchaser.
3. For purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, the information omitted from the form of prospectus filed as part of this registration statement in reliance upon Rule 430A and contained in a form of prospectus filed by the Registrant under Rule 497(h) under the 1933 Act shall be deemed to be part of this registration statement as of the time it was declared effective. The Registrant undertakes that, for the purpose of determining any liability under the 1933 Act, each such post-effective amendment shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of those securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.
4. The Registrant undertakes to send by first class mail or other means designed to ensure equally prompt delivery within two business days of receipt of a written or oral request, the Registrant's statement of additional information.
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933 and the Investment Company Act of 1940, the Registrant has duly caused this registration statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Columbus, State of Ohio, on the 25th day of January 2019.
VERTICAL CAPITAL INCOME FUND
By: /s/ JoAnn M. Strasser
Name: JoAnn M. Strasser
Title: Attorney-in-Fact*
*Pursuant to Powers of Attorney
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this registration statement has been signed below by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates.
Name | Title | Date |
Robert J. Boulware** | Trustee | ** |
Mark J. Schlafly** | Trustee | ** |
T. Neil Bathon** | Trustee | ** |
Robert J. Chapman** | Trustee | ** |
Michael D. Cohen** | President and Principal Executive Officer | ** |
/s/ Lisa Ross | Treasurer and Principal Financial Officer | January 25, 2019 |
**By: /s/ JoAnn M. Strasser , January 25, 2019
JoAnn M. Strasser
**Attorney-in-Fact – Pursuant to Powers of Attorney
EXHIBIT INDEX
Description |
Exhibit
Number |
Loan Agreement | 99(h)(7) |
Consent of Counsel | 99(l)(2) |
Custody Agreement | 99(j) |
Expense Limitation Agreement | 99(k)(3) |
Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm | 99(n) |
Code of Ethics - Principal Underwriter/Distributor | 99(r)(3) |
CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
We have issued our report dated November 29, 2018 with respect to the financial statements and financial highlights of Vertical Capital Income Fund included in the Annual Report for the year ended September 30, 2018 which are incorporated by reference in the Prospectus and Statement of Additional Information contained in this Registration Statement. We consent to the incorporation by reference of the aforementioned report in this Registration Statement, and to the use of our name as it appears under the caption “Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm.”
/s/ Grant Thornton LLP
Dallas, Texas
January 28, 2019
LOAN AGREEMENT
Dated as of July 20, 2018
between
VERTICAL CAPITAL INCOME FUND
(the “ Borrower ”)
and
NEXBANK SSB
(the “ Lender ”)
ARTICLE I. Definitions | 1 |
Section 1.1 Accounting Matters | 11 |
Section 1.2 Other Definitional Provisions | 11 |
ARTICLE II. Revolving Line of Credit Advances | 12 |
Section 2.1 Revolving Line of Credit Advances. | 12 |
Section 2.2 General Provisions Regarding Interest; Etc. | 13 |
Section 2.3 Use of Proceeds | 13 |
Section 2.4 Extension of Termination Date | 13 |
ARTICLE III. Payments | 13 |
Section 3.1 Method of Payment | 13 |
Section 3.2 Prepayments. | 13 |
ARTICLE IV. Security | 14 |
Section 4.1 Collateral. | 14 |
Section 4.2 Setoff | 15 |
Section 4.3 Mortgage Loan Release | 15 |
Section 4.4 Recalculation of the Aggregate Borrowing Base | 15 |
ARTICLE V. Conditions Precedent | 16 |
Section 5.1 Conditions Precedent to the Initial Revolving Line of Credit Advance | 16 |
Section 5.2 Conditions Precedent to all Revolving Line of Credit Advances | 17 |
ARTICLE VI. Representations and Warranties | 18 |
Section 6.1 Existence | 18 |
Section 6.2 Financial Statements; Etc | 19 |
Section 6.3 Action; No Breach | 19 |
Section 6.4 Operation of Business | 19 |
Section 6.5 Litigation and Judgments | 19 |
Section 6.6 Rights in Properties; Liens | 20 |
Section 6.7 Enforceability | 20 |
Section 6.8 Approvals | 20 |
Section 6.9 Debt | 20 |
Section 6.10 Taxes | 20 |
Section 6.11 Use of Proceeds; Margin Securities | 20 |
Section 6.12 ERISA | 20 |
Section 6.13 Disclosure | 21 |
Section 6.14 Subsidiaries, Ventures, Etc | 21 |
Section 6.15 Agreements | 21 |
Section 6.16 Compliance with Laws | 21 |
Section 6.17 Investment Company Act | 21 |
Section 6.18 Public Utility Holding Company Act | 21 |
Section 6.19 Environmental Matters | 21 |
Section 6.20 Borrowers Address | 22 |
Section 6.21 Servicing of Mortgage Loans | 22 |
Section 6.22 Mortgage Loan Representations and Warranties | 23 |
Section 6.23 Eligible Mortgage Loans | 28 |
Section 6.24 Foreign Assets Control Regulations and Anti-Money Laundering | 28 |
Section 6.25 Solvency | 28 |
Section 6.26 Patriot Act | 28 |
Section 6.27 Accounts | 29 |
ARTICLE VII. Affirmative Covenants | 29 |
Section 7.1 Reporting Requirements | 29 |
Section 7.2 Maintenance of Existence; Conduct of Business | 31 |
Section 7.3 Maintenance of Properties | 31 |
Section 7.4 Taxes and Claims | 31 |
Section 7.5 Insurance | 31 |
Section 7.6 Inspection Rights | 32 |
Section 7.7 Keeping Books and Records | 32 |
Section 7.8 Compliance with Laws | 32 |
Section 7.9 Compliance with Agreements | 32 |
Section 7.10 Further Assurances | 32 |
Section 7.11 ERISA | 32 |
Section 7.12 Custodian and Vendor Fees | 32 |
Section 7.13 Sale of Mortgage Loans | 33 |
ARTICLE VIII. Negative Covenants | 33 |
Section 8.1 Debt. | 33 |
Section 8.2 Limitation on Liens | 33 |
Section 8.3 Mergers, Etc | 34 |
Section 8.4 Restricted Payments | 34 |
Section 8.5 Loans and Investments | 34 |
Section 8.6 Limitation on Issuance of Equity | 35 |
Section 8.7 Transactions with Affiliates | 35 |
Section 8.8 Disposition of Assets | 35 |
Section 8.9 Prepayment of Debt | 35 |
Section 8.10 Nature of Business | 35 |
Section 8.11 Environmental Protection | 35 |
Section 8.12 Accounting | 35 |
Section 8.13 No Negative Pledge | 35 |
Section 8.14 No Amendments | 35 |
Section 8.15 Limitations on Credit and Collection Practices | 36 |
Section 8.16 Accounts | 36 |
Section 8.17 Mortgage Loans | 36 |
ARTICLE IX. Financial Covenants | 36 |
Section 9.1 Total Debt to Net Worth Ratio | 36 |
Section 9.2 Minimum Fidelity Bond and E&O Insurance | 36 |
Section 9.3 Minimum Liquidity | 36 |
Section 9.4 Debt Service Coverage Ratio | 36 |
Section 9.5 Minimum Assets to Liabilities Ratio | 36 |
ARTICLE X. Default | 37 |
Section 10.1 Events of Default | 37 |
Section 10.2 Remedies Upon Default | 39 |
Section 10.3 Performance by Lender | 39 |
ARTICLE XI. Miscellaneous | 39 |
Section 11.1 Expenses | 39 |
Section 11.2 INDEMNIFICATION | 40 |
Section 11.3 Limitation of Liability | 41 |
Section 11.4 No Duty | 41 |
Section 11.5 Lender Not Fiduciary | 41 |
Section 11.6 Equitable Relief | 41 |
Section 11.7 No Waiver; Cumulative Remedies | 41 |
Section 11.8 Successors and Assigns | 41 |
Section 11.9 Survival | 41 |
Section 11.10 ENTIRE AGREEMENT; AMENDMENT | 42 |
Section 11.11 Notices | 42 |
Section 11.12 Governing Law; Venue; Service of Process | 42 |
Section 11.13 Counterparts | 42 |
Section 11.14 Severability | 42 |
Section 11.15 Headings | 43 |
Section 11.16 Participations; Etc | 43 |
Section 11.17 Construction | 43 |
Section 11.18 Independence of Covenants | 43 |
Section 11.19 WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL | 43 |
Section 11.20 Reserved. | 43 |
Section 11.21 Additional Interest Provision | 43 |
Section 11.22 Ceiling Election | 44 |
LOAN AGREEMENT
THIS LOAN AGREEMENT (the “ Agreement ”), dated as of July 20, 2018, is between VERTICAL CAPITAL INCOME FUND , a Delaware statutory trust (“ Borrower ”), and NEXBANK SSB (“ Lender ”).
R E C I T A L S :
Borrower has requested that Lender extend a revolving line of credit to Borrower as described in this Agreement. Lender is willing to make such credit available to Borrower upon and subject to the provisions, terms and conditions hereinafter set forth.
NOW THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises and the mutual covenants contained herein, and for good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which is hereby acknowledged, the parties hereto agree as follows:
ARTICLE
I.
Definitions
Section 1.1 Definitions . As used in this Agreement, all exhibits, appendices and schedules hereto and in any note, certificate, report or other Loan Documents made or delivered pursuant to this Agreement, the following terms will have the meanings given such terms in this Article I or in the provision, section or recital referred to below:
“ Additional Eligible Mortgage Loan ” has the meaning specified in Section 4.4 .
“ Advance Request Form ” means a certificate, substantially in the form of Exhibit A , properly completed and signed by Borrower requesting a Revolving Line of Credit Advance.
“ Affiliate ” means, as to any Person, any other Person (a) that directly or indirectly, through one or more intermediaries, controls or is controlled by, or is under common control with, such Person; (b) that directly or indirectly beneficially owns or holds five percent (5%) or more of any class of voting stock of such Person; or (c) five percent (5%) or more of the voting stock of such Person is directly or indirectly beneficially owned or held by such other Person in question. The term “control” means the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause direction of the management and policies of a Person, whether through the ownership of voting securities, by contract, or otherwise; provided , however , in no event shall Lender be deemed an Affiliate of Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries or Affiliates.
“ Aggregate Borrowing Base ” means, as of any date, an amount equal to the sum of the Eligible Mortgage Loan Borrowing Base for all Eligible Mortgage Loans.
“ Agreement ” has the meaning set forth in the introductory paragraph hereto, as the same may, from time to time, be amended, modified, restated, renewed, waived, supplemented, or otherwise changed, and includes all schedules, exhibits and appendices attached or otherwise identified therewith.
“ Allonge ” means an allonge with respect to each Mortgage Note, substantially in the form of Exhibit C .
“ Asset Manager ” means Oakline Advisors, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, in its capacity as the investment adviser of Borrower.
1 |
“ Assignment of Lien ” means a substantially completed assignment of lien, substantially in the form of Exhibit D , with appropriate completions.
“ Borrower ” means the Person identified as such in the introductory paragraph hereof, and its permitted successors and assigns.
“ Borrowing Base Report ” means, as of any date of preparation, a certificate setting forth the Aggregate Borrowing Base (in substantially the form of Exhibit E ) including the required supporting documentation listed therein, prepared by and certified by a Responsible Officer.
“ BPO ” means a written opinion stating the value of a Mortgaged Property related to a Mortgage Loan in form and content reasonably acceptable to Lender and issued by a real estate broker duly licensed as such by the jurisdiction in which such Mortgaged Property is located, which broker, if Borrower is the party requesting such opinion, (i) is not an Affiliate of Borrower or Affiliates’ directors, members, managers or officers and is not an employee of any of them and (ii) was selected reasonably and in good faith.
“ Business Day ” has the meaning assigned to it in the Note.
“ Capitalized Lease Obligation ” means, with respect to any Person, the amount of Debt under a lease of Property by such Person that would be shown as a liability on a balance sheet of such Person prepared for financial reporting purposes in accordance with GAAP.
“ Cash Equivalents ” means (a) marketable direct obligations issued by, or unconditionally guaranteed by, the United States government or issued by any agency thereof and backed by the full faith and credit of the United States, in each case maturing within one (1) year from the date of acquisition; (b) certificates of deposit, time deposits, eurodollar time deposits or overnight bank deposits having maturities of six months or less from the date of acquisition issued by Lender or by any commercial bank operating in the United States or any state thereof having combined capital and surplus of not less than $50,000,000; (c) commercial paper of an issuer rated at least A-1 by Standard & Poor's Ratings Services (“ S&P ”) or P-1 by Moody's Investors Service, Inc. (“ Moody's ”), or carrying an equivalent rating by a nationally recognized rating agency, if both of the two named rating agencies cease publishing ratings of commercial paper issuers generally, and maturing within six months from the date of acquisition; (d) repurchase obligations of Lender or of any commercial bank satisfying the requirements of clause (b) of this definition, having a term of not more than 30 days, with respect to securities issued or fully guaranteed or insured by the United States government; (e) securities with maturities of one year or less from the date of acquisition issued or fully guaranteed by any state, commonwealth or territory of the United States, or by any political subdivision or taxing authority of any such state, commonwealth or territory the securities of which state, commonwealth, territory, political subdivision, or taxing authority (as the case may be) are rated at least A by S&P or A by Moody's; (f) securities with maturities of six months or less from the date of acquisition backed by standby letters of credit issued by Lender or any commercial bank satisfying the requirements of clause (b) of this definition; or (g) shares of money market mutual or similar funds which (i) invest exclusively in assets satisfying the requirements of clauses (a) through (f) of this definition, (ii) comply with the criteria set forth in Securities and Exchange Rule 2a-7 under the Investment Company Act of 1940, and (iii) have portfolio assets of at least $5,000,000,000.
“ Change of Control ” means the occurrence of any of the following events: (i) Asset Manager shall cease to be the investment advisor of Borrower; (ii) Asset Manager shall cease to be registered with the SEC as an investment adviser under the Investment Adviser Act; (iii) Gemini Fund Services, LLC shall cease to be the administrator, accounting agent and transfer agent of Borrower; (iv) StateBridge shall fail to be the Servicer for the majority of Eligible Mortgage Loans owned by Borrower unless Borrower
2 |
appoints a replacement servicer reasonably acceptable to Lender upon 14 days prior written notice to Lender; provided that Lender’s acceptance of a replacement Servicer shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed; or (v) during any period of twelve (12) consecutive months, a majority of the members of the board of trustees or other equivalent governing body of the Borrower cease to be composed of individuals (a) who were members of that board of trustees or equivalent governing body on the first (1st) day of such period, (b) whose election or nomination to that board of trustees or equivalent governing body was approved by individuals referred to in clause (a) above constituting at the time of such election or nomination at least a majority of that board or equivalent governing body or (c) whose election or nomination to that board of trustees or other equivalent governing body was approved by individuals referred to in clauses (a) and (b) above constituting at the time of such election or nomination at least a majority of that board of trustees or equivalent governing body.
“ Code ” means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and the regulations promulgated and rulings issued thereunder.
“ Collateral ” has the meaning set forth in the Security Agreement.
“ Collateral Package ” means, with respect to each Mortgage Loan, the items described in Section 4.1B(i) – (vi) .
“ Compliance Certificate ” means a certificate, substantially in the form of Exhibit F , prepared by and certified by a Responsible Officer.
“ Constituent Documents ” means (i) in the case of a corporation, its articles or certificate of incorporation and bylaws; (ii) in the case of a general partnership, its partnership agreement; (iii) in the case of a limited partnership, its certificate of limited partnership and partnership agreement; (iv) in the case of a trust, its trust agreement, declaration of trust, certificate of trust, bylaws and other governing documents; (v) in the case of a joint venture, its joint venture agreement; (vi) in the case of a limited liability company, its articles of organization and operating agreement or regulations; and (vii) in the case of any other entity, its organizational and governance documents and agreements.
“ Construction Loan ” means a Mortgage Loan the purpose of which is to finance the initial construction of a one-to-four family residential dwelling and/or the acquisition of the real property on which such dwelling is to be constructed. For the avoidance of doubt, the term “ Construction Loan ” does not include so-called “203(k) loans,” “fix-and-flip loans” or other Mortgage Loans, the purpose of which is the remodeling, rehabilitation or restoration of an existing Mortgaged Property.
“ Control Agreement ” means a deposit account control agreement among Borrower, Lender and the applicable depository bank, in form and substance reasonably acceptable to Lender, as the same may be amended, supplemented, modified or restated from time to time.
“ Controlled Account ” means each deposit account that is subject to a Control Agreement in favor of Lender.
“ Custodial Certification ” means the Trust Receipt (as defined in the Tri-Party Agreement) (which may be electronically transmitted) pursuant to the Tri-Party Agreement, duly completed and executed by the Custodian.
“ Custodian ” means U.S. Bank National Association, and its successors and assigns, or another custodian approved by Lender in its sole good faith discretion.
3 |
“ Debt ” means as to any Person at any time (without duplication): (a) all obligations of such Person for borrowed money, (b) all obligations of such Person evidenced by bonds, notes, debentures, or other similar instruments, (c) all obligations of such Person to pay the deferred purchase price of property or services, except trade accounts payable of such Person arising in the Ordinary Course of Business that are not past due by more than ninety (90) days, (d) all Capitalized Lease Obligations of such Person, (e) all Debt or other obligations of others Guaranteed by such Person, (f) all obligations secured by a Lien existing on property owned by such Person, whether or not the obligations secured thereby have been assumed by such Person or are non-recourse to the credit of such Person, (g) any other obligation for borrowed money or other financial accommodations which in accordance with GAAP would be shown as a liability on the balance sheet of such Person, (h) any repurchase obligation or liability of a Person with respect to accounts, chattel paper or notes receivable sold by such Person, (i) any liability under a sale and leaseback transaction that is not a Capitalized Lease Obligation, (j) any obligation under any so-called “synthetic leases”, (k) any obligation arising with respect to any other transaction that is the functional equivalent of borrowing but which does not constitute a liability on the balance sheets of a Person, (l) all payment and reimbursement obligations of such Person (whether contingent or otherwise) in respect of letters of credit, bankers' acceptances, surety or other bonds and similar instruments, and (m) all liabilities of such Person in respect of unfunded vested benefits under any Plan.
“ Debt Service Coverage Ratio ” means, as of any date of determination, the ratio of (i) the sum of (a) Net Investment Income, plus (b) net realized gain (loss) on investments, plus (c) cash interest expense paid or payable on all Obligations and all other Debt, in each case for the period of four consecutive fiscal quarters ending on such date to (ii) cash interest expense paid or payable on all Obligations and all other Debt for the period of four consecutive fiscal quarters ending on such date.
“ Default ” means an Event of Default or the occurrence of an event or condition which with notice or lapse of time or both would become an Event of Default.
“ Default Interest Rate ” has the meaning assigned to it in the Note.
“ Dollars ” and “ $ ” mean lawful money of the United States of America.
“ Eligible Mortgage Loan ” means, at any time, each Mortgage Loan owned by Borrower that satisfies the following conditions:
A. The Mortgage Loan complies in all material respects with all applicable laws, rules, and regulations, including, without limitation, usury laws, the Federal Truth in Lending Act, and Regulation Z of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, unless noncompliance thereof either (x) was cured subsequent to origination, as permitted by applicable law, or (y) will not result in (1) any material liability to any holder of such Mortgage Loan or (2) any material loss in value of such Mortgage Loan;
B. No default in the payment of principal or interest or any other default has continued uncured for fifty-nine (59) days or more with respect to such Mortgage Loan, and no foreclosure or other similar proceedings have commenced, and, to the knowledge of Borrower, no claim for any credit, allowance, or adjustment exists;
C. The Mortgage Note (i) is in a form acceptable to Lender, (ii) is payable or endorsed (without restriction or limitation) to Borrower’s order, (iii) is endorsed without recourse by Borrower to Lender or in blank, and (iv) is valid and enforceable without offset, counterclaim, defense, or right of rescission or avoidance of any kind;
4 |
D. Borrower has good and indefeasible title to the Mortgage Note, and such Mortgage Loan is not subject to any Lien except (i) Liens in favor of Borrower, (ii) Liens in favor of Lender and (iii) Liens expressly consented to by Lender in writing;
E. To Borrower’s knowledge, the obligor under such Mortgage Loan is not insolvent or the subject of any bankruptcy or insolvency proceeding and has not made an assignment for the benefit of creditors, suspended normal business operations, dissolved, liquidated, terminated its existence, ceased to pay its debts as they become due, or suffered a receiver or trustee to be appointed for any of its assets or affairs;
F. To Borrower’s knowledge, the real property securing such Mortgage Loan complies in all material respects with all applicable Environmental Laws;
G. Such Mortgage Loan and the related Mortgage Note are each original and genuine, and each has been duly and properly executed (and, if recordation of such Mortgage Loan Document is appropriate, acknowledged) and represent legal, binding and valid obligations of the obligor thereon, are in full force and effect and enforceable in accordance with their terms (including, without limitation, any provisions therein relating to prepayment premiums), subject in all cases to bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium and other principles of equity affecting the rights of creditors generally, whether considered in a proceeding at law or in equity;
H. Such Mortgage is properly recorded and is a valid, subsisting and enforceable first priority mortgage lien on a Mortgaged Property, including all alterations, additions and replacements made at any time with respect to the foregoing or any additional improvements erected thereon. Other than Permitted Exceptions, the property covered by such Mortgage Loan is free and clear of all Liens, encumbrances, easements or restrictions;
I. The Mortgage Loan has been submitted to Lender for inclusion in the Aggregate Borrowing Base and the complete Collateral Package for such loan has been submitted to Lender or Custodian, as applicable;
J. For which the representations and warranties set forth in Article VI are true and correct in all material respects;
K. Which has not been pledged by Borrower (other than pursuant to any Loan Document);
L. Such Mortgage Loan does not have any exceptions identified by the applicable Eligible Vendor on a Collateral Exception Report (as such term is defined in the Vendor Agreement) or Exception Report (as such term is defined in the Tri-Party Agreement);
M. The then-applicable current unpaid principal balance of the Mortgage Loan is equal to or greater than $50,000 and less than $2,000,000, unless previously authorized by Lender in writing;
N. No mortgagor is an officer of Borrower, an employee of Borrower or a director of Borrower unless Lender has provided prior written approval in its sole discretion; and
O. Such Mortgage Loan is not (i) a negative amortization loan, (ii) a second lien loan, (iii) a home equity line of credit or similar loan, or (iv) a reverse mortgage loan.
“ Eligible Mortgage Loan Borrowing Base ” means, as of any date of determination, for each Eligible Mortgage Loan, an amount equal to seventy-five percent (75%) of the lesser of (a) the unpaid principal balance of such Eligible Mortgage Loan as of such date; (b) eighty percent (80%) of the value of
5 |
the underlying Property as determined by reference to the latest Mortgage Industry Advisory Corporation reporting on the current market value thereof; or (c) the value of such Eligible Mortgage Loan as determined by reference to the latest Mortgage Industry Advisory Corporation reporting on the current market value thereof.
“ Eligible Vendor ” means Clayton Services, LLC, U.S. Bank National Association, an Affiliate thereof, or another third party mutually agreed to between Borrower and Lender that has executed a Vendor Agreement or Tri-Party Agreement, as applicable.
“ Environmental Laws ” means any and all federal, state, and local laws, regulations, judicial decisions, orders, decrees, plans, rules, permits, licenses, and other governmental restrictions and requirements pertaining to health, safety, or the environment, including, without limitation, the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act of 1980, 42 U.S.C. §9601 et seq., the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act of 1976, 42 U.S.C. §6901 et seq., the Occupational Safety and Health Act, 29 U.S.C. §651 et seq., the Clean Air Act, 42 U.S.C. §7401 et seq., the Clean Water Act, 33 U.S.C. §1251 et seq., and the Toxic Substances Control Act, 15 U.S.C. § 2601 et seq., as the same may be amended or supplemented from time to time.
“ Environmental Liabilities ” means, as to any Person, all liabilities, obligations, responsibilities, Remedial Actions, losses, damages, punitive damages, consequential damages, treble damages, costs, and expenses, (including, without limitation, all reasonable fees, disbursements and expenses of counsel, expert and consulting fees and costs of investigation and feasibility studies), fines, penalties, sanctions, and interest incurred as a result of any claim or demand, by any Person, whether based in contract, tort, implied or express warranty, strict liability, criminal or civil statute, including any Environmental Law, permit, order or agreement with any Governmental Authority or other Person, arising from environmental, health or safety conditions or the Release or threatened Release of a Hazardous Material into the environment, resulting from the past, present, or future operations of such Person or its Affiliates.
“ ERISA ” means the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended from time to time, and the regulations and published interpretations thereunder.
“ ERISA Affiliate ” means any corporation or trade or business which is a member of the same controlled group of corporations (within the meaning of Section 414(b) of the Code) as Borrower or is under common control (within the meaning of Section 414(c) of the Code and Sections 414(m) and (o) of the Code for purposes of the provisions relating to Section 412 of the Code) with Borrower.
“ Event of Default ” has the meaning specified in Section 10.1 .
“ Facility Amount ” means maximum aggregate Revolving Line of Credit Advances outstanding at any one time of $35,000,000.
“ GAAP ” means generally accepted accounting principles, applied on a consistent basis, as set forth in opinions of the Accounting Principles Board of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants and/or in statements of the Financial Accounting Standards Board and/or their respective successors and which are applicable in the circumstances as of the date in question. Accounting principles are applied on a “consistent basis” when the accounting principles applied in a current period are comparable in all material respects to those accounting principles applied in a preceding period.
“ Governmental Authority ” means any nation or government, any state or political subdivision thereof and any entity exercising executive, legislative, judicial, regulatory, or administrative functions of or pertaining to government.
6 |
“ Guarantee ” by any Person means any obligation or liability, contingent or otherwise, of such Person directly or indirectly guaranteeing any Debt or other obligation of any other Person as well as any obligation or liability, direct or indirect, contingent or otherwise, of such Person (a) to purchase or pay (or advance or supply funds for the purchase or payment of) such Debt or other obligation or liability (whether arising by virtue of partnership arrangements, by agreement to keep-well, to purchase assets, goods, securities or services, to operate Property, to take-or-pay, or to maintain net worth or working capital or other financial statement conditions or otherwise) or (b) entered into for the purpose of indemnifying or assuring in any other manner the obligee of such Debt or other obligation or liability of the payment thereof or to protect the obligee against loss in respect thereof (in whole or in part), provided that the term Guarantee shall not include endorsements for collection or deposit in the Ordinary Course of Business. The term “Guarantee” used as a verb has a corresponding meaning.
“ Hazardous Material ” means any substance, product, waste, pollutant, material, chemical, contaminant, constituent, or other material which is or becomes listed, regulated, or addressed under any Environmental Law, including, without limitation, asbestos, petroleum, and polychlorinated biphenyls.
“ Lender ” means the Person identified as such in the introductory paragraph hereof, and its successors and assigns permitted hereunder.
“ Liabilities ” means, at any particular time, all amounts which, in conformity with GAAP, would be included as liabilities on a balance sheet of a Person.
“ Lien ” means any lien, mortgage, security interest, tax lien, pledge, charge, hypothecation, assignment, preference, priority, or other encumbrance of any kind or nature whatsoever (including, without limitation, any conditional sale or title retention agreement), whether arising by contract, operation of law, or otherwise.
“ Loan Detail ” means a schedule of information prepared and transmitted by Borrower or its designated agent to Custodian, an Eligible Vendor and/or Lender in the format and in the manner specified by Lender, substantially in the form of Exhibit B attached hereto.
“ Loan Documents ” means this Agreement, the Note, the Security Agreement, the Tri-Party Agreement, each Control Agreement, each Vendor Agreement, and all other promissory notes, security agreements, deeds of trust, assignments, letters of credit, guaranties, and other instruments, documents, and agreements executed and delivered pursuant to or in connection with this Agreement, as such instruments, documents, and agreements may be amended, modified, renewed, restated, extended, supplemented, replaced, consolidated, substituted, or otherwise changed from time to time.
“ Liquidity ” means, as of any date of determination, the cash and Cash Equivalents of Borrower as of such date.
“ Manufactured Home ” means a single-family home constructed at a factory and shipped in one or more sections to a housing site.
“ Material Adverse Event ” means any act, event, condition, or circumstance which could reasonably be expected to materially and adversely affect: (a) the operations, business, properties or condition (financial or otherwise) of Borrower; (b) the ability of Borrower to perform its obligations under any Loan Document; or (c) the legality, validity, binding effect or enforceability against Borrower of any Loan Document.
“ Maximum Lawful Rate ” means, at all times, the maximum rate of interest which may be charged, contracted for, taken, received or reserved by Lender in accordance with applicable Texas law
7 |
(or applicable United States federal law to the extent that such law permits Lender to charge, contract for, receive or reserve a greater amount of interest than under Texas law). The Maximum Lawful Rate shall be calculated in a manner that takes into account any and all fees, payments, and other charges in respect of the Loan Documents that constitute interest under applicable law. Each change in any interest rate provided for herein based upon the Maximum Lawful Rate resulting from a change in the Maximum Lawful Rate shall take effect without notice to Borrower at the time of such change in the Maximum Lawful Rate.
“ Mortgage ” means the mortgage, deed of trust, deed to secure debt or trust deed securing a Mortgage Loan.
“ Mortgage Loan ” means a loan that is evidenced by a valid promissory note payable to the order of Borrower and is secured by a mortgage, deed of trust, or trust deed that grants a perfected first-priority Lien in favor of Borrower on the Mortgaged Property.
“ Mortgage Loan Documents ” means the documents related to a Mortgage Loan and identified in Section 4.1B .
“ Mortgage Note ” means the promissory note or similar instrument evidencing a Mortgage Loan.
“ Mortgaged Property ” means a one-to-four family residential dwelling and the underlying real property on which it is located.
“ Multiemployer Plan ” means a multiemployer plan defined as such in Section 3(37) of ERISA to which contributions are being made or have been made by, or for which there is an obligation to make by or there is any liability, contingent or otherwise, with respect to Borrower or any ERISA Affiliate and which is covered by Title IV of ERISA.
“ Net Investment Income ” means, for any period, Borrower’s total income from investments, minus fees and expenses, all as customarily calculated pursuant to and reported in Borrower’s most recent financial statements.
“ Note ” means the Promissory Note dated the date hereof, executed by Borrower payable to the order of Lender, in the original principal amount of the Facility Amount, together with all amendments, extensions, renewals, replacements, and modifications thereof.
“ Obligations ” means all obligations, indebtedness, and liabilities of Borrower to Lender or Affiliates of Lender, or both, now existing or hereafter arising, whether direct, indirect, related, unrelated, fixed, contingent, liquidated, unliquidated, joint, several, or joint and several, including, without limitation, the obligations, indebtedness, and liabilities under this Agreement, any Swap Contract, the other Loan Documents, any and all guarantees executed by Borrower in favor of Lender for any cash management or treasury services agreements and all interest accruing thereon (whether a claim for post-filing or post-petition interest is allowed in any bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization or similar proceeding) and all attorneys’ fees and other expenses incurred in the enforcement or collection thereof.
“ Ordinary Course of Business ” means the ordinary course of the business of Borrower, consistent with past practice, but excluding any event, action, circumstance or omission that would constitute or give rise to (a) a material violation of applicable law, (b) a breach, default or violation of any contract of Borrower or (c) a breach of any representation, warranty or covenant of Borrower set forth in the Loan Documents.
8 |
“ Organic Change ” means, with respect to any entity, any of the following: (a) any sale, assignment, lease conveyance, exchange, transfer, sale-leaseback or other disposition of substantially all of the assets, business, equity securities or properties of such entity, whether in one or a series of transactions, other than in the Ordinary Course of Business and whether or not directly or indirectly or through the sale or other disposition of equity securities of any of the other Subsidiaries thereof, and (b) any (i) merger, consolidation or other combination to which such entity or any of its Subsidiaries is a party and is not the surviving entity following the merger or (ii) liquidation, winding up or dissolution of such entity or any of its Subsidiaries, other than (1) such of the foregoing as are expressly permitted elsewhere in this Agreement and (2) those transactions expressly consented to in writing by the Lender.
“ Other Debt ” means any Debt owed by Borrower to Lender or its Affiliates (other than the Obligations) and any other Debt of Borrower permitted by this Agreement.
“ Patriot Act ” means the Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Act of 2001 (Title III of Pub. L. 107-56, signed into law October 26, 2001).
“ PBGC ” means the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation or any entity succeeding to all or any of its functions under ERISA.
“ Permitted Exceptions ” means (i) the Mortgage securing such Mortgage Note, (ii) Liens for taxes, not yet due and payable, special assessments or similar governmental charges not yet due and payable or still subject to payment without interest or penalty, (iii) zoning restrictions, utility easements, covenants or conditions and restrictions of record, which shall neither defeat nor render invalid such lien or the priority thereof, nor materially impair the marketability or value of such real estate, nor be violated by the existing improvements or the intended use thereof, and (iv) such other Liens as may be approved in writing by Lender.
“ Person ” means any individual, corporation, limited liability company, business trust, statutory trust, association, company, partnership, joint venture, Governmental Authority, or other entity, and shall include such Person's heirs, administrators, personal representatives, executors, successors and assigns.
“ Plan ” means any employee benefit or other plan, other than a Multiemployer Plan, established or maintained by Borrower, or for which there is an obligation to make contributions by Borrower or there is any liability, contingent or otherwise with respect to Borrower or any ERISA Affiliate and which is covered by Title IV of ERISA or subject to Section 412 of the Code.
“ Pledged Notes ” means, at any time, the Mortgage Notes that are pledged to Lender under the Security Agreement.
“ Principal Office ” means the principal office of Lender, presently located at 2515 McKinney Avenue, Suite 1100, Dallas, Texas 75201.
“ Prohibited Transaction ” means any transaction set forth in Section 406 of ERISA or Section 4975 of the Code.
“ Property ” of a Person means any and all property, whether real, personal, tangible, intangible or mixed, of such Person, or any other assets owned, operated or leased by such Person.
“ Prospectus ” means, collectively, Borrower’s Prospectus and Statement of Additional Information, as most recently filed with the SEC.
9 |
“ Related Indebtedness ” has the meaning set forth in Section 11.21 of this Agreement.
“ Release ” means, as to any Person, any release, spill, emission, leaking, pumping, injection, deposit, disposal, disbursement, leaching, or migration of Hazardous Materials into the indoor or outdoor environment or into or out of property owned by such Person, including, without limitation, the movement of Hazardous Materials through or in the air, soil, surface water, ground water, or property.
“ Remedial Action ” means all actions required to (a) clean up, remove, treat, or otherwise address Hazardous Materials in the indoor or outdoor environment, (b) prevent the Release or threat of Release or minimize the further Release of Hazardous Materials so that they do not migrate or endanger or threaten to endanger public health or welfare or the indoor or outdoor environment, or (c) perform pre-remedial studies and investigations and post-remedial monitoring and care.
“ Reportable Event ” means any of the events set forth in Section 4043 of ERISA.
“ Responsible Officer ” means the (a) chief executive officer, (b) president, (c) chief financial officer, (d) treasurer or (e) secretary of Borrower or (f) any Person that is an officer and is designated by an officer listed in subsections (a) through (e) above to act on behalf of such officer; provided that such designated Person may not designate any other Person to be a Responsible Officer. Any document delivered hereunder that is signed by a Responsible Officer shall be conclusively presumed to have been authorized by all necessary trust, corporate, and/or other action on the part of Borrower and such Responsible Officer shall be conclusively presumed to have acted on behalf of Borrower.
“ Revolving Commitment ” means Lender’s obligation to make Revolving Line of Credit Advances to Borrower, pursuant to Section 2.1 of this Agreement in an aggregate principal amount at any time outstanding up to but not exceeding the Facility Amount, subject, however, to termination on the Termination Date or pursuant to Section 10.2 .
“ Revolving Line of Credit Advance ” means any advance made by Lender to Borrower pursuant to Section 2.1A of this Agreement.
“ Security Agreement ” means the Security Agreement executed by Borrower in favor of Lender, in form and substance satisfactory to Lender, as the same may be amended, restated, supplemented, modified, or changed from time to time.
“ Security Documents ” means each and every Security Agreement, Control Agreement, pledge, mortgage, deed of trust or other collateral security agreement required by or delivered to Lender from time to time to secure the Obligations or any portion thereof.
“ Servicer ” means StateBridge or such other third party servicer as Borrower and Lender may mutually and reasonably agree upon.
“ Specified Event of Default ” means (a) the existence of any of the Events of Default described in Sections 10.1A , 10.1B , 10.1C , 10.1D(i) , 10.1E , 10.1G , 10.1J , 10.1M , or 10.1O or (b) Borrower shall breach any of Sections 7.1A , 7.1B , 7.1C , 7.1D , 7.1E , 7.1K or 7.1M of this Agreement and such breach continues for more than five (5) days following the date such breach first began.
“ StateBridge ” means Statebridge Company, LLC, a Colorado limited liability company.
“ Subsidiary ” means (a) any corporation of which at least a majority of the outstanding shares of stock having by the terms thereof ordinary voting power to elect a majority of the board of directors of such corporation (irrespective of whether or not at the time stock of any other class or classes of such
10 |
corporation shall have or might have voting power by reason of the happening of any contingency) is at the time directly or indirectly owned or controlled by Borrower or one or more of the Subsidiaries or by Borrower and one or more of the Subsidiaries; and (b) any other entity (i) of which at least a majority of the ownership, equity or voting interest is at the time directly or indirectly owned or controlled by one or more of Borrower and Subsidiaries and (ii) which is treated as a subsidiary in accordance with GAAP.
“ Swap Contract ” means any agreement (including related confirmations and schedules) between Borrower and Lender or any Affiliate of Lender now existing or hereafter entered into which is, or relates to, a rate swap, basis swap, forward rate transaction, cap transaction, floor transaction, collar transaction or any other similar transactions (including any option with respect to any of these transactions) or any combination thereof.
“ Tangible Net Worth ” means, for any Person as of any date, all amounts which, in conformity with GAAP, would be included as stockholders’ equity on a balance sheet of such Person; provided, however, there shall be excluded therefrom: (a) any amount at which the equity of such Person appears as an asset on such Person’s balance sheet; (b) goodwill, including any amounts, however designated, that represent the excess of the purchase price paid for assets or stock over the value assigned thereto; (c) patents, trademarks, trade names, and copyrights; (d) deferred expenses; (e) loans and advances to any stockholder, director, officer, or employee of such Person; and (f) all other assets which are properly classified as intangible assets.
“ Termination Date ” means 11:00 a.m. Dallas, Central time on July 19, 2019, or such later date as shall be established pursuant to Section 2.4 or such earlier date on which the Revolving Commitment terminates as provided in this Agreement.
“ Total Debt to Net Worth Ratio ” means, as of any date of determination, the ratio of: (i) all Debt of Borrower in accordance with GAAP, as of such date to (ii) the Tangible Net Worth of Borrower as of such date.
“ Tri-Party Agreement ” means that certain Tri-Party Agreement among Borrower, Lender and Custodian, dated as of the date hereof, as the same may be amended, supplemented, modified or restated from time to time.
“ UCC ” means the Chapters 1 through 9 of the Texas Business and Commerce Code, as amended from time to time.
“ Unfunded Pension Liability ” means the excess, if any, of (a) the funding target as defined under Section 430(d) of the Code without regard to the special at-risk rules of Section 430(i) of the Code, over (b) the value of plan assets as defined under Section 430(g)(3)(A) of the Code determined as of the last day of each calendar year, without regard to the averaging which may be allowed under Section 310(g)(3)(B) of the Code and reduced for any prefunding balance or funding standard carryover balance as defined and provided for in Section 430(f) of the Code.
“ Vendor Agreement ” means that (a) that certain engagement letter (together with all exhibits, appendices and schedules thereto) dated as of October 19, 2017 among Lender, Behringer Advisors, LLC and Clayton Services, LLC, or (b) any other vendor agreement among Borrower, Lender and an Eligible Vendor with respect to the review of Collateral Packages, as the same may be amended, supplemented, modified or restated from time to time.
Section 1.2 Accounting Matters . Any accounting term used in this Agreement or the other Loan Documents shall have, unless otherwise specifically provided therein, the meaning customarily given such term in accordance with GAAP, and all financial computations thereunder shall be computed,
11 |
unless otherwise specifically provided therein, in accordance with GAAP consistently applied; provided , that all financial covenants and calculations in the Loan Documents shall be made in accordance with GAAP as in effect on the date of this Agreement unless Borrower and Lender shall otherwise specifically agree in writing. That certain items or computations are explicitly modified by the phrase “in accordance with GAAP” shall in no way be construed to limit the foregoing.
Section 1.3 Other Definitional Provisions . All definitions contained in this Agreement are equally applicable to the singular and plural forms of the terms defined. The words “hereof”, “herein”, and “hereunder” and words of similar import referring to this Agreement refer to this Agreement as a whole and not to any particular provision of this Agreement. Unless otherwise specified, all Article and Section references pertain to this Agreement. Terms used herein that are defined in the UCC, unless otherwise defined herein, shall have the meanings specified in the UCC.
ARTICLE
II.
Revolving Line of Credit Advances
Section 2.1 Revolving Line of Credit Advances .
A. Revolving Line of Credit Advances . Subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement, Lender shall make one or more Revolving Line of Credit Advances to Borrower from time to time from the date hereof to and including the Termination Date, no more frequently than two (2) times per month, in an aggregate principal amount at any time outstanding not to exceed the lesser of (i) the Facility Amount and (ii) the Aggregate Borrowing Base at such time. Subject to the foregoing limitations, and the other terms and provisions of this Agreement, Borrower may borrow, repay, and reborrow hereunder.
B. Borrowing Procedure . Borrower shall give Lender notice of each request of a Revolving Line of Credit Advance by means of an Advance Request Form containing the information required therein and delivered (by hand or by mechanically confirmed facsimile) to Lender no later than 1:00 p.m. Dallas, Central time three (3) Business Days prior to the date on which the Revolving Line of Credit Advance is desired to be funded (which shall also be a Business Day). Revolving Line of Credit Advances shall be in a minimum amount of $10,000. Lender at its option may accept telephonic requests for such Revolving Line of Credit Advances, provided that such acceptance shall not constitute a waiver of Lender's right to require delivery of an Advance Request Form in connection with subsequent Revolving Line of Credit Advances. Any telephonic request for a Revolving Line of Credit Advance by Borrower shall be promptly confirmed by submission of a properly completed Advance Request Form to Lender, but failure to deliver an Advance Request Form shall not be a defense to payment of the Revolving Line of Credit Advance. Lender shall have no liability to Borrower for any loss or damage suffered by Borrower as a result of Lender's honoring of any requests, execution of any instructions, authorizations or agreements or reliance on any reports communicated to it telephonically, by facsimile or electronically and purporting to have been sent to Lender by Borrower and Lender shall have no duty to verify the origin of any such communication or the identity or authority of the Person sending it. Subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement, each Revolving Line of Credit Advance shall be made available to Borrower by depositing the same, in immediately available funds, in an account of Borrower designated by Borrower.
C. The Note . The obligation of Borrower to repay the Revolving Line of Credit Advances and interest thereon shall be evidenced by the Note executed by Borrower,
12 |
payable to the order of Lender, in the principal amount of the Facility Amount as originally in effect, and dated the date hereof.
D. Repayment of Revolving Line of Credit Advances . Borrower shall repay the unpaid principal amount of all Revolving Line of Credit Advances on the Termination Date, unless sooner due by reason of acceleration by Lender as provided in this Agreement.
E. Interest . The unpaid principal amount of the Note shall, subject to the following sentence, bear interest as provided in the Note. If at any time the rate of interest specified in the Note would exceed the Maximum Lawful Rate but for the provisions thereof limiting interest to the Maximum Lawful Rate, then any subsequent reduction shall not reduce the rate of interest on the Revolving Line of Credit Advances below the Maximum Lawful Rate until the aggregate amount of interest accrued on the Revolving Line of Credit Advances equals the aggregate amount of interest which would have accrued on the Revolving Line of Credit Advances if the interest rate had not been limited by the Maximum Lawful Rate. Accrued and unpaid interest on the Revolving Line of Credit Advances shall be payable as provided in the Note and on the Termination Date.
Section 2.2 General Provisions Regarding Interest; Etc .
A. Default Interest Rate . Any outstanding principal of any Revolving Line of Credit Advance and (to the fullest extent permitted by law) any other amount payable by Borrower under this Agreement or any other Loan Document that is not paid in full when due (whether at stated maturity, by acceleration, or otherwise) shall bear interest at the Default Interest Rate for the period from and including the due date thereof to but excluding the date the same is paid in full. Additionally, upon the occurrence of an Event of Default (and from the date of such occurrence) all outstanding and unpaid principal amounts of all of the Obligations shall, to the extent permitted by law, bear interest at the Default Interest Rate until such time as Lender shall waive in writing the application of the Default Interest Rate to such Event of Default situation. Interest payable at the Default Interest Rate shall be payable from time to time on demand.
B. Computation of Interest . Interest on the Revolving Line of Credit Advances and all other amounts payable by Borrower hereunder shall be computed on the basis of a year of 360 days and the actual number of days elapsed (including the first day but excluding the last day) unless such calculation would result in a usurious rate, in which case interest shall be calculated on the basis of a year of 365 or 366 days, as the case may be.
Section 2.3 Use of Proceeds . The proceeds of the Revolving Line of Credit Advances shall be used by Borrower for general business purposes.
Section 2.4 Extension of Termination Date . So long as no Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing on the date on which notice is given in accordance with the following clause (a) or on the Termination Date, Borrower may extend the Termination Date to a date that is 364 days after the then-effective Termination Date, no more than two times, upon: (a) delivery of a written request therefor to Lender at least thirty (30) days, but no more than sixty (60) days, prior to the Termination Date then in effect; and (b) receipt by the Lender of a certificate of Borrower dated the date of such request stating that (i) no Event of Default then exists and is continuing and (ii) Borrower is in compliance with the financial covenants set forth in Article IX . Such extension shall be evidenced by delivery of written confirmation of the same by Lender to Borrower.
ARTICLE III.
13 |
Payments
Section 3.1 Method of Payment . All payments of principal, interest, and other amounts to be made by Borrower under this Agreement and the other Loan Documents shall be made to Lender at the Principal Office in Dollars in immediately available funds, without setoff, deduction, or counterclaim, and free and clear of all taxes at the time and in the manner provided in the Note.
Section 3.2 Prepayments .
A. Voluntary Prepayments . Borrower may prepay all or any portion of the Note to the extent and in the manner provided for therein. Prepayments shall be in a minimum amount of $10,000.
B. Mandatory Prepayment . Borrower must immediately pay the amount by which at any time the unpaid principal balance of the outstanding Revolving Line of Credit Advances exceed the Aggregate Borrowing Base at such time.
ARTICLE
IV.
Security
Section 4.1 Collateral .
A. To secure full and complete payment and performance of the Obligations, Borrower shall execute and deliver or cause to be executed and delivered all of the Security Documents required by Lender covering the Collateral.
B. With respect to all Pledged Notes, Borrower shall deliver to Lender or Custodian in accordance with the Tri-Party Agreement the following, each in form and substance acceptable to Lender in its reasonable discretion:
(i) The original Mortgage Note, properly payable or endorsed to Borrower and endorsed by Borrower in blank in an Allonge, with appropriate completions (or if the original Mortgage Note has been lost or destroyed, a copy of such Mortgage Note together with a Lost Note Affidavit substantially in the form of Exhibit G hereto or another form acceptable to Lender);
(ii) to the extent in the possession of Borrower, (A) the original recorded Mortgage or a copy of the recorded Mortgage, certified as true and correct, with evidence of recording thereon; and (B) the original or a copy, certified as true and correct, of the recorded power of attorney, if the Mortgage was executed pursuant to a power of attorney with evidence of recording thereon, if recordation is required, in each case delivered within sixty (60) days after acquisition by Borrower of the related Mortgage Loan;
(iii) to the extent in the possession of Borrower, originals, or copies, certified as true and correct, of any intervening assignments of lien with evidence of recording thereon;
(iv) an original Assignment of Lien executed by Borrower “in blank” or to Lender, notarized and acceptable for recording but not recorded; provided that the
14 |
Assignment of Lien is not required to include: (A) identifying recordation information which matches the recording information that appears on the Mortgage or (B) the legal description of the property subject to such Mortgage;
(v) to the extent in the possession of Borrower, the original or a copy, certified as true and correct, of the mortgagee title insurance policy or attorney’s opinion of title and abstract of title, together with all endorsements or riders that were issued with or subsequent to the issuance of such policy (if any), insuring the priority of the Mortgage as a first lien on the Mortgaged Property represented therein as a fee interest vested in the mortgagor; and
(vi) any and all other files, documents, instruments, certificates or other records that are in the possession of Borrower and would be reasonably required to enforce a mortgagee’s remedies with respect to a default under the related Mortgage Loan.
Notwithstanding any term or provision in any Assignment of Lien, this Agreement or any other Loan Document, Lender and Borrower hereby covenant and agree that, (x) each such Assignment of Lien shall, with respect to each Mortgage Note described or specified therein and the Mortgage Loan evidenced thereby, constitute a collateral assignment of and grant of a security interest in, to and under such Mortgage Note and such Mortgage Loan and shall not constitute an assignment, transfer or conveyance of ownership or title by Borrower to Lender in and to such Mortgage Note and such Mortgage Loan; and (y) each Mortgage described or specified in each such Assignment of Lien (and the liens evidenced thereby) and each Mortgage Note described or referenced in such Assignment of Lien (and the Mortgage Loan evidenced thereby) are and shall constitute Collateral and the transactions contemplated by such Assignment of Lien shall constitute transactions that create security interests in personal property by contract and shall be subject in all respects to Article 9 of the Uniform Commercial Code in any relevant jurisdiction (the “ Applicable UCC ”) and such transactions and the exercise of rights and remedies by Lender under or in respect of any such Assignment of Lien shall be subject in all respects to (1) the Applicable UCC and other applicable law and (2) the terms and provisions of the Security Agreement.
C. Borrower shall execute and cause to be executed such further documents and instruments as Lender, in its reasonable discretion, deems necessary to create, evidence, preserve, and perfect its liens and security interests in the Collateral.
Section 4.2 Setoff . If an Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing, Lender shall have the right to set off and apply against the Obligations in such manner as Lender may determine, at any time and without notice to Borrower, any and all deposits (general or special, time or demand, provisional or final) or other sums at any time credited by or owing from Lender to Borrower whether or not the Obligations are then due. As further security for the Obligations, Borrower hereby grants to Lender a security interest in all money, instruments, and other property of Borrower now or hereafter held by Lender, including, without limitation, property held in safekeeping. In addition to Lender's right of setoff and as further security for the Obligations, Borrower hereby grants to Lender a security interest in all deposits (general or special, time or demand, provisional or final) and other accounts of Borrower now or hereafter on deposit with or held by Lender and all other sums at any time credited by or owing from Lender to Borrower. The rights and remedies of Lender hereunder are in addition to other rights and remedies (including, without limitation, other rights of setoff) which Lender may have.
Section 4.3
15 |
Mortgage Loan Release . In the event that (i) Borrower sells or transfers a Mortgage Loan or (ii) a Mortgage Loan is paid off by the mortgagor thereof (each a “ Release Event ”), then upon receipt by Lender of written evidence of the consummation of such Release Event, in form and substance satisfactory to Lender, Lender shall promptly release any Lien granted to or held by Lender with respect to such Mortgage Loan and thereafter direct the Custodian to release the related Mortgage Loan Documents to Borrower in accordance with the terms of the Tri-Party Agreement, but in any event within five (5) Business Days of Lender’s receipt of the evidence of such Release Event; provided, however, that if such Release Event would result in the unpaid principal balance of the outstanding Revolving Line of Credit Advances exceeding the Aggregate Borrowing Base at such time, then Borrower shall (simultaneously with the Release Event) immediately pay to Lender the amount required pursuant to Section 3.2B .
Section 4.4 Recalculation of the Aggregate Borrowing Base . From time to time, but not more often than one time per calendar month, Borrower may request that Eligible Mortgage Loans not currently included in the calculation of the Aggregate Borrowing Base (each an “ Additional Eligible Mortgage Loan ”) be included in the Aggregate Borrowing Base subject to the satisfaction of the terms and conditions set forth below:
A. At least three (3) Business Days prior to the proposed inclusion of Additional Eligible Mortgage Loans in the Aggregate Borrowing Base, Borrower shall provide to Lender (or Custodian, as applicable) a Collateral Package for each Additional Eligible Mortgage Loan;
B. An Eligible Vendor has confirmed to Lender that (i) the Loan Detail with respect to each Additional Eligible Mortgage Loan is accurate, (ii) all items in the Collateral Package for each Additional Eligible Mortgage Loan have been received and (iii) there are no exceptions identified with respect to such Mortgage Loan (pursuant to the standards set forth in the Vendor Agreement or Tri-Party Agreement, as applicable);
C. Custodian shall have delivered to Lender, a Custodial Certification with respect to each Additional Eligible Mortgage Loan; and
D. Borrower shall have delivered a Borrowing Base Certificate re-calculated after giving effect to the Eligible Mortgage Loan Borrowing Base for each such Additional Eligible Mortgage Loan.
ARTICLE
V.
Conditions Precedent
Section 5.1 Conditions Precedent to the Initial Revolving Line of Credit Advance . The obligation for Lender to make the initial Revolving Line of Credit Advance under this Agreement is subject to the condition precedent that Lender (or Custodian, as applicable) shall have received all of the following, each dated (unless otherwise indicated) the date hereof, in form and substance satisfactory to Lender:
A. Resolutions . Resolutions of the board of trustees (or other governing body) of Borrower, certified by the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary (or other custodian of records) of Borrower which authorize the execution, delivery, and performance by Borrower of this Agreement and the other Loan Documents;
16 |
B. Incumbency Certificate . A certificate of incumbency of Borrower, certified by a Responsible Officer certifying the names of the individuals or other Persons authorized to sign this Agreement and each of the other Loan Documents to which Borrower is to be a party (including the certificates contemplated herein) on behalf of Borrower together with specimen signatures of such Persons;
C. Constituent Documents . The Constituent Documents for Borrower certified as of a date acceptable to Lender by the appropriate government officials of the state of organization of Borrower;
D. Governmental Certificates . Certificates of the appropriate government officials of the state of organization of Borrower, as to the existence and good standing of Borrower, each dated within thirty (30) days prior to the date of the first Revolving Line of Credit Advance;
E. Loan Documents . All Loan Documents, including but not limited to the Note, the Tri-Party Agreement, any Vendor Agreements and the Security Documents, executed by Borrower;
F. Financing Statements . Uniform Commercial Code financing statements naming Borrower as debtor and covering the Collateral as described in the Security Agreement;
G. Insurance Matters . Copies of insurance certificates describing all insurance policies required by Section 7.5 , together with loss payable and lender endorsements (including endorsements referred to in Section 9.2 ) in favor of Lender with respect to all insurance policies covering Collateral;
H. UCC Search . The results of a Uniform Commercial Code search showing all financing statements and other documents or instruments on file against Borrower in the office of the Secretary of State of Delaware, such search to be as of a date no more than thirty (30) days prior to the date hereof;
I. Opinion of Counsel . A favorable opinion of in-house legal counsel to Borrower, as to such other matters as Lender may reasonably request;
J. Attorneys' Fees and Expenses . Evidence that the costs and expenses (including reasonable attorneys' fees) referred to in Section 11.1 , to the extent incurred and invoiced, shall have been paid in full by Borrower.
K. Collateral Reviews . Such reports and written assurances as were provided by Clayton to Borrower and Lender on or about November 1, 2017 (or updates thereto) with respect to the initial Eligible Mortgage Loans;
L. Collateral . Evidence satisfactory to Lender, in its sole and absolute discretion, that all Collateral is held in the name of Borrower;
M. Collateral Package . Lender (or Custodian, as applicable) shall have received a Collateral Package for each Mortgage Loan and an Eligible Vendor or Custodian has inventoried such Collateral Package and provided a report of the contents of such Collateral Package to Lender;
17 |
N. Custodial Certification . Custodian shall have delivered to Lender, no later than two (2) Business Days prior to the day on which such Revolving Line of Credit Advance is desired to be funded, a Custodial Certification with respect to the Eligible Mortgage Loans to be pledged to Lender;
O. Payoff and Lien Release . A payoff letter or other evidence satisfactory to Lender that Borrower has paid off all existing secured indebtedness and evidence of the termination of all Liens related thereto; and
P. Advance Request Form . Lender shall have received an Advance Request Form executed by a Responsible Officer.
Section 5.2 Conditions Precedent to all Revolving Line of Credit Advances . The obligation for Lender to make any Revolving Line of Credit Advance (including the initial Revolving Line of Credit Advance) hereunder is subject to the following conditions precedent:
A. Collateral Package . To the extent not previously delivered pursuant to Section 5.1 , Lender (or Custodian, as applicable) shall have received a Collateral Package for each Mortgage Loan and an Eligible Vendor or Custodian has inventoried such Collateral Package and provided a report of the contents of such Collateral Package to Lender;
B. No Default, Etc . No Default shall have occurred and be continuing, or would result from or after giving effect to such Revolving Line of Credit Advance;
C. Representations and Warranties . All of the representations and warranties contained in Article VI hereof and in the other Loan Documents shall (i) with respect to representations and warranties that contain a materiality qualification, be true and correct on and as of the date of such Revolving Line of Credit Advance, and (ii) with respect to representations and warranties that do not contain a materiality qualification, be true and correct in all material respects on and as of the date of such Revolving Line of Credit Advance, in each case with the same force and effect as if such representations and warranties had been made on and as of such date, except to the extent that such representations and warranties specifically refer to an earlier date, in which case they shall be true and correct in all material respects (or in the case of such representations and warranties that contain a materiality qualification, in all respects) as of such earlier date;
D. Advance Request Form . Lender shall have received an Advance Request Form executed by a Responsible Officer;
E. MIAC Reports . Borrower shall deliver to Lender the most recent Mortgage Industry Advisory Corporation reports with respect to the current market value of the related Mortgaged Properties and Eligible Mortgage Loans;
F. No Material Adverse Event . No Material Adverse Event has occurred and no circumstance exists that could be a Material Adverse Event;
G. Availability under Revolving Commitment . With respect to any Revolving Line of Credit Advance under the Revolving Commitment, after giving effect to the Revolving Line of Credit Advance so requested, the aggregate outstanding amount of all Revolving Line of Credit Advances shall not exceed the lesser of (i) the Aggregate Borrowing Base
18 |
as of the date of such Revolving Line of Credit Advance and (ii) the Revolving Commitment in effect as of the date of such Revolving Line of Credit Advance;
H. Powers of Attorney . Borrower shall deliver to Lender such executed originals as Lender may reasonably request of powers-of-attorney, in form and substance acceptable to Lender, in order to permit Lender (if an Event of Default occurs) to complete, execute, deliver, record, modify or correct a new or existing Assignment of Lien with respect to any Mortgage, so that such Assignment of Lien is in form and substance acceptable for recording in the applicable jurisdiction;
I. Other Mortgage Files . To the extent not previously delivered pursuant to Section 5.1 or Section 5.2A , Lender shall have received (in an electronic format) from Borrower (i) the most recent BPO and appraisal with respect to each Mortgage Loan (to the extent in the possession of Borrower) and (ii) such files, documents, instruments, certificates or other records that are in the possession of Borrower that would be required by applicable law to have been received with respect to the origination of each Mortgage Loan, including, without limitation, any appraisals; and
J. Additional Documentation . Lender shall have received such additional documents as Lender or its legal counsel may reasonably request.
Each Revolving Line of Credit Advance hereunder shall be deemed to be a representation and warranty by Borrower that the conditions specified in this Section 5.2 have been satisfied on and as of the date of the applicable Revolving Line of Credit Advance.
ARTICLE
VI.
Representations and Warranties
To induce Lender to enter into this Agreement, and except as set forth on the schedules referenced herein, Borrower represents and warrants to Lender that as of the date hereof and as of the date of each Revolving Line of Credit Advance:
Section 6.1 Existence . Borrower: (a) is a Delaware statutory trust, duly organized, validly existing, and in good standing under the laws of the State of Delaware; (b) has all requisite power and authority to own its assets and carry on its business as now being or as proposed to be conducted; and (c) is qualified to do business in all jurisdictions in which the nature of its business makes such qualification necessary and where failure to so qualify could result in an Material Adverse Event. Borrower has the power and authority to execute, deliver, and perform its obligations under this Agreement and the other Loan Documents to which it is or may become a party.
Section 6.2 Financial Statements; Etc . Borrower has delivered to Lender an unaudited financial report of Borrower as of the fiscal quarter ended March 31, 2018. Such financial statements are true and correct, have been prepared in accordance with GAAP, and fairly and accurately present, on a consolidated basis, the financial condition of Borrower and its Subsidiaries as of the respective dates indicated therein and the results of operations for the respective periods indicated therein. Neither the Borrower nor any of its Subsidiaries has any material contingent liabilities, liabilities for taxes, unusual forward or long-term commitments, or unrealized or anticipated losses from any unfavorable commitments except as referred to or reflected in such financial statements. There has been no Material Adverse Event with respect to Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries since the effective date of the most recent financial statements referred to in this Section. All projections delivered by Borrower to Lender have been prepared in good faith, with care and diligence and using assumptions that are reasonable under
19 |
the circumstances at the time such projections were prepared and delivered to Lender and all such assumptions are disclosed in the projections, it being acknowledged and agreed by Lender that, to the extent included in any of the foregoing, projections or estimates as to future events are inherently uncertain and are not to be viewed as facts and that the actual results during the period or periods covered by such projections or estimates may materially differ from the projected results. Borrower has no material Guarantees, contingent liabilities, liabilities for taxes, or any long-term leases or unusual forward or long-term commitments, or any hedge agreement or other transaction or obligation in respect of derivatives, that are not reflected on Schedule 6.2 or in the most-recent financial statements referred to in this Section 6.2 .
Section 6.3 Action; No Breach . The execution, delivery, and performance by Borrower of this Agreement and the other Loan Documents to which Borrower is or may become a party and compliance with the terms and provisions hereof and thereof, and the consummation of the transactions contemplated to be entered into by Borrower herein, including the creation and perfection of the security interest in the Collateral granted under the Security Agreement, have been duly authorized by all requisite board of trustee action and do not and will not (a) violate or conflict with, or result in a breach of, or require any consent under (i) Constituent Documents of Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries, (ii) any applicable law, rule, or regulation or any order, writ, injunction, or decree of any Governmental Authority or arbitrator, or (iii) any material agreement or instrument to which Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries is a party or by which any of them or any of their Properties is bound or subject, or (b) constitute a default under any such material agreement or instrument, or result in the creation or imposition of any Lien upon any of the revenues or assets of Borrower or any Subsidiary.
Section 6.4 Operation of Business . Borrower and each of its Subsidiaries possess all licenses, permits, franchises, patents, copyrights, trademarks, and tradenames, or rights thereto, necessary to conduct their respective businesses substantially as now conducted and as presently proposed to be conducted, except where the failure to possess or have a license or other right to use such assets could not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Event, and, to the knowledge of Borrower, Borrower and each of its Subsidiaries are not in violation of any valid rights of others with respect to any of the foregoing.
Section 6.5 Litigation and Judgments . There is no action, suit, investigation, or proceeding before or by any Governmental Authority or arbitrator pending, or to the knowledge of Borrower, threatened against or affecting Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries that could, if adversely determined, result in a Material Adverse Event. There are no outstanding judgments against Borrower or any Subsidiary of Borrower.
Section 6.6 Rights in Properties; Liens . Borrower and each of its Subsidiaries have good and indefeasible title to or valid leasehold interests in their respective Properties, including the Properties reflected in the financial statements described in Section 6.2 , and none of the Properties of Borrower or any Subsidiary is subject to any Lien, except as permitted by Section 8.2 .
Section 6.7 Enforceability . This Agreement constitutes, and the other Loan Documents to which Borrower is party, when delivered, shall constitute legal, valid, and binding obligations of Borrower, enforceable against Borrower in accordance with their respective terms, except as limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, or other laws of general application relating to the enforcement of creditors' rights. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in Borrower’s Constituent Documents, (a) the Obligations (i) are and shall be enforceable against the Collateral, regardless of whether the Collateral is held with respect to a particular series of Borrower, and (ii) are not and shall not be readily identifiable as being held with respect to any particular series of Borrower, shall be enforceable against the assets of Borrower generally or any other series thereof and shall be “General Liabilities” enforceable against the Collateral, regardless of whether the Collateral is held with respect to a particular series of Borrower, (b)
20 |
Borrower does not consist of one or more series, and (b) Lender shall not be required to look exclusively to the assets of any particular series of Borrower for repayment of the Obligations.
Section 6.8 Approvals . No authorization, approval, or consent of, and no filing or registration with, any Governmental Authority or third party is or will be necessary for the execution, delivery, or performance by Borrower of this Agreement and the other Loan Documents to which Borrower is or may become a party or the validity or enforceability thereof.
Section 6.9 Debt . Borrower and its Subsidiaries have no Debt on the date hereof other than the Debt listed on Schedule 8.1 .
Section 6.10 Taxes . Borrower and each Subsidiary have filed all tax returns (federal, state, and local) required to be filed, including all income, franchise, employment, property, and sales tax returns, and have paid all of their respective liabilities for taxes, assessments, governmental charges, and other levies that are due and payable other than taxes, if any, the payment of which is being contested in good faith and by appropriate proceedings and reserves for the payment of which are being maintained in accordance with GAAP. Borrower knows of no pending investigation of Borrower or any Subsidiary by any taxing authority or of any pending but unassessed tax liability of Borrower or any Subsidiary.
Section 6.11 Use of Proceeds; Margin Securities . Neither Borrower nor any Subsidiary is engaged principally, or as one of its important activities, in the business of extending credit for the purpose of purchasing or carrying margin stock (within the meaning of Regulations G, T, U, or X of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System), and no part of the proceeds of any Revolving Line of Credit Advance will be used to purchase or carry any margin stock or to extend credit to others for the purpose of purchasing or carrying margin stock.
Section 6.12 ERISA . Each Plan that is intended to qualify under Section 401(a) of the Code has received a favorable determination letter from the IRS or an application for such a letter is currently being processed by the IRS with respect thereto and, to the knowledge of Borrower, nothing has occurred which would prevent, or cause the loss of, such qualification. No application for a funding waiver or an extension of any amortization period pursuant to Section 412 of the Code has been made with respect to any Plan. There are no pending or, to the knowledge of Borrower, threatened claims, actions or lawsuits, or action by any Governmental Authority, with respect to any Plan. There has been no Prohibited Transaction or violation of the fiduciary responsibility rules with respect to any Plan. No ERISA Event has occurred or is reasonably expected to occur. No Plan has any Unfunded Pension Liability. Neither Borrower nor any ERISA Affiliate has incurred, or reasonably expects to incur, any liability under Title IV of ERISA with respect to any Plan (other than premiums due and not delinquent under Section 4007 of ERISA). Neither Borrower nor any ERISA Affiliate has incurred, or reasonably expects to incur, any liability (and no event has occurred which, with the giving of notice under Section 4219 of ERISA, would result in such liability) under Section 4201 or 4243 of ERISA with respect to a Multiemployer Plan. Neither Borrower nor any ERISA Affiliate has engaged in a transaction that could be subject to Section 4069 or 4212(c) of ERISA.
Section 6.13 Disclosure . No statement, information, report, representation, or warranty made by Borrower in this Agreement or in any other Loan Document or furnished to Lender in connection with this Agreement or any of the transactions contemplated hereby contains any untrue statement of a material fact or omits to state any material fact necessary to make the statements herein or therein not misleading. There is no fact known to Borrower which is a Material Adverse Event, or which might in the future be a Material Adverse Event has not been disclosed in writing to Lender.
Section 6.14 Subsidiaries, Ventures, Etc . Borrower has no Subsidiaries, joint ventures or partnerships.
Section 6.15
21 |
Agreements . Neither Borrower nor any Subsidiary is a party to any indenture, loan, or credit agreement, or to any lease or other agreement or instrument, or subject to any charter or corporate or other organizational restriction which could result in a Material Adverse Event. Neither Borrower nor any Subsidiary is in default in any respect in the performance, observance, or fulfillment of any of the obligations, covenants, or conditions contained in any agreement or instrument material to its business to which it is a party which could result in a Material Adverse Event. No holder of Borrower’s or any Subsidiary’s debt or other obligations has given notice of any asserted default that could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Event. As of the date of the initial Revolving Line of Credit Advance under this Agreement, (i) no liquidation or dissolution of Borrower is pending or, to Borrower’s knowledge, threatened and (ii) no receivership, insolvency, bankruptcy, reorganization or other similar proceedings relative to Borrower or any of its properties is pending, or to Borrower’s knowledge, threatened.
Section 6.16 Compliance with Laws . Neither Borrower nor any Subsidiary is in violation in any material respect of any law, rule, regulation, order, or decree of any Governmental Authority or arbitrator, and each Mortgage Loan is in compliance in all material respects with the Federal Truth-In-Lending Act and Regulation Z promulgated by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System and other similar state laws unless noncompliance thereof either (x) was cured subsequent to origination, as permitted by applicable law, or (y) will not result in (1) any material liability to any holder of such Mortgage Loan or (2) any material loss in value of such Mortgage Loan which is not already reflected in Borrower’s cost basis calculated at the time of Borrower’s acquisition thereof with respect to such Mortgage Loan.
Section 6.17 Investment Company Act . Borrower is an “investment company” within the meaning of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.
Section 6.18 Public Utility Holding Company Act . Neither Borrower nor any Subsidiary is a “holding company” or a “subsidiary company” of a “holding company” or an “affiliate” of a “holding company” or a “public utility” within the meaning of the Public Utility Holding Company Act of 2005, as amended.
Section 6.19 Environmental Matters .
A. Borrower, each Subsidiary, and all of their respective properties, assets, and operations, and, to Borrower’s knowledge, all real property securing any Mortgage Loan, are in compliance in all material respects with all Environmental Laws. Borrower is not aware of, nor has Borrower received notice of, any past, present, or future conditions, events, activities, practices, or incidents which may interfere with or prevent the compliance or continued compliance of Borrower and its Subsidiaries with all Environmental Laws;
B. Borrower and each Subsidiary and, to Borrower’s knowledge, each obligor under a Mortgage Loan, have obtained all permits, licenses, and authorizations that are required under applicable Environmental Laws, and all such permits are in good standing and Borrower and its Subsidiaries and, to Borrower’s knowledge, each obligor under a Mortgage Loan, are in compliance with all of the terms and conditions of such permits;
C. No Hazardous Materials exist on, about, or within or have been used, generated, stored, transported, disposed of on, or Released from any of the properties or assets of Borrower or any Subsidiary, in violation of, or in a manner or to a location that could give rise to liability under, any applicable Environmental Laws. The use which Borrower and the Subsidiaries make and intend to make of their respective properties and assets
22 |
will not result in the use, generation, storage, transportation, accumulation, disposal, or Release of any Hazardous Material on, in, or from any of their properties or assets, in violation of, or in a manner that could give rise to liability under, any applicable Environmental Laws;
D. Neither Borrower nor any of its Subsidiaries currently or, to Borrower’s knowledge, previously owned or leased properties or operations, is subject to any outstanding or threatened order from or agreement with any Governmental Authority or other Person or subject to any judicial or docketed administrative proceeding with respect to (i) failure to comply with Environmental Laws, (ii) Remedial Action, or (iii) any Environmental Liabilities arising from a Release or threatened Release;
E. There are no conditions or circumstances associated with the currently or, to Borrower’s knowledge, previously owned or leased properties or operations of Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries that could reasonably be expected to give rise to any Environmental Liabilities;
F. Neither Borrower nor any of its Subsidiaries is a treatment, storage, or disposal facility requiring a permit under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, 42 U.S.C. § 6901 et seq., regulations thereunder or any comparable provision of state law. Borrower and its Subsidiaries are in compliance with all applicable financial responsibility requirements of all Environmental Laws;
G. Neither Borrower nor any of its Subsidiaries has filed or failed to file any notice required under applicable Environmental Law reporting a Release; and
H. No Lien arising under any Environmental Law has attached to any property or revenues of Borrower or its Subsidiaries.
Section 6.20 Borrower’s Address . Borrower’s chief executive office and principal place of business are at c/o Gemini Fund Services, LLC, 80 Arkay Drive, Suite 110, Hauppauge, New York 11788 and c/o Oakline Advisors, LLC, 15601 Dallas Parkway, Suite 600, Addison, TX 75001 or at such other address as shall have been set forth in a written notice to the Lender at any time after the date of this Agreement.
Section 6.21 Servicing of Mortgage Loans . Borrower shall ensure the servicing of the Mortgage Loans in accordance with standard industry practices and in a commercially reasonable manner.
Section 6.22 Mortgage Loan Representations and Warranties .
A. All Mortgage Loans . As to each Mortgage Loan, Borrower represents, warrants and covenants to Lender that, for each Mortgage Loan, as of the date hereof (or such other date set forth below):
1. Borrower has no knowledge of any mechanics’ or similar liens or claims which have been filed for work, labor or material (and no rights are outstanding that under law could give rise to such lien) affecting the Mortgaged Property which are or may be liens prior to, or equal with, the lien of the Mortgage;
2. To Borrower’s knowledge, no environmental hazard or toxic condition exists or has occurred with respect to any development in which a Mortgaged Property is located; To Borrower’s knowledge, there are no conditions or
23 |
circumstances associated with any real property securing the Mortgage Loan that would reasonably be expected to give rise to any Environmental Liabilities;
3. The Mortgage and related Mortgage Note contain customary and enforceable provisions such as to render the rights and remedies of the holder thereof adequate for the realization against the Mortgaged Property of the benefits of the security provided thereby, including (i) in the case of a Mortgage designated as a deed of trust, by trustee's sale, and (ii) otherwise by judicial foreclosure;
4. There is no homestead or other exemption or right available to the mortgagor or any other person which would interfere with the right to sell the Mortgaged Property at a trustee's sale or the right to foreclose the Mortgage;
5. The Mortgage has not been satisfied, canceled, subordinated or rescinded, in whole or in part, and the Mortgaged Property has not been released from the Lien of the Mortgage, in whole or in part, nor has any instrument been executed that would effect any such satisfaction, cancellation, subordination, rescission or release. Borrower has not waived the performance by the mortgagor of any action, if the mortgagor's failure to perform such action would cause the Mortgage Loan to be in default, and Borrower has not waived any default;
6. The Mortgage Note is not and has not been secured by any collateral except the Lien of the corresponding Mortgage on the Mortgaged Property and the security interest of any applicable security agreement;
7. Borrower is in compliance with any and all applicable licensing requirements of the laws of the state wherein the Mortgaged Property is located, and either (a) organized under the laws of such state, (b) qualified to do business in such state, or (c) not doing business in such state;
8. The Mortgage Loan is covered by an ALTA, CLTA or TLTA lender's title insurance policy which conforms to applicable state law, if any, and issued by a title insurer qualified as required under applicable state law and qualified to do business in the jurisdiction where the Mortgaged Property is located, insuring Borrower, its successors and assigns of the first priority of the lien of the Mortgage in the original principal amount of the Mortgage Loan and, if such Mortgage Loan is an adjustable rate Mortgage Loan, against any loss by reason of the invalidity or unenforceability of the lien resulting from the provisions of the Mortgage providing for adjustment in the Mortgage interest rate or monthly payment. Additionally, such lender's title insurance policy affirmatively insures ingress and egress, and against encroachments by or upon the Mortgaged Property or any interest therein. The title policy does not contain any special exceptions (other than the standard exclusions) for zoning and uses and has been marked to delete the standard survey exception or to replace the standard survey exception with a specific survey reading. Borrower and its successors and assigns are the sole insureds of such lender's title insurance policy, and such lender's title insurance policy is in full force and effect and will be in full force and effect upon the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and will inure to the benefit of Lender and its assigns without any further act. No claims have been made under such lender's title insurance policy,
24 |
and Borrower has not done, by act or omission, anything which would impair the coverage of such lender's title insurance policy;
9. The loan file for each Mortgage Loan contains any subsequent BPOs issued to Borrower after the date of the last appraisal included therein;
10. The Mortgaged Property is located in the United States. As of the date of origination, no portion of the Mortgaged Property was used for commercial purposes, and, since the date of origination, to Borrower’s knowledge, has not been used for commercial purposes; provided that Mortgaged Properties which contain a home office shall not be considered as being used for commercial purposes as long as the Mortgaged Property has not been altered for commercial purposes. The Mortgaged Property is not a Manufactured Home or a mobile home;
11. The applicable mortgagor has not notified Borrower, and Borrower has no knowledge of any relief requested or allowed to such mortgagor under the Servicemembers Civil Relief Act of 2003, as amended, or other similar state or federal law;
12. No fraud, material misrepresentation, gross negligence or similar occurrence with respect to the Mortgage Loan has taken place on the part of Borrower or, to Borrower’s knowledge, any other Person involved in the origination of the Mortgage Loan or in Borrower’s application for any insurance in relation to such Mortgage Loan, except where the impact of any such occurrence would not result in (x) any material liability to any holder of such Mortgage Loan or (y) any material loss in value of such Mortgage Loan which is not already reflected in Borrower’s cost basis therein, and has performed requisite due diligence in the Ordinary Course of Business, with respect to each Mortgage Loan. Borrower has reviewed all of the documents constituting the Mortgage Loan Documents and has made such inquiries as it deems necessary to make and confirm the accuracy of the representations set forth therein;
13. The related Mortgage contains an enforceable provision for the acceleration of the payment of the unpaid principal balance of the Mortgage Loan in the event that the Mortgaged Property is sold or transferred without the prior written consent of the mortgagee thereunder;
14. The Mortgage Loan was not (i) a Construction Loan or (b) made for the purpose of facilitating the trade-in or exchange of a Mortgaged Property;
15. If required, Borrower has possession of a life of loan, transferable flood certification contract for such Mortgage Loan and such contract is assignable without penalty, premium or cost to Borrower;
16. No document relating to the Mortgage Loan provides for any contingent or additional interest in the form of participation in the cash flow of the Mortgaged Property or a sharing in the appreciation of the value of the Mortgaged Property. The indebtedness evidenced by the Mortgage Note is not convertible to an ownership interest in the Mortgaged Property or the mortgagor and Borrower has not financed nor does it own directly or indirectly, any equity of any form in the Mortgaged Property or the mortgagor;
25 |
17. Except as disclosed to Lender in the supporting documentation attached to the applicable Borrowing Base Report, the Mortgage Loan is not (i) a negative amortization loan, (ii) a second lien loan, (iii) a home equity line of credit or similar loan, or (iv) a reverse mortgage;
18. If required by applicable law, Borrower has directed Servicer to conduct an escrow analysis for each escrowed Mortgage Loan in accordance with applicable law. All books and records with respect to each Mortgage Loan comply with applicable law and regulations, and Borrower has directed Servicer to adjust such books and records to reflect the results of the escrow analyses. To Borrower’s knowledge, Servicer used no inflation factor in such escrow analysis except if permitted under applicable law. Borrower has directed Servicer to deliver notification to the applicable mortgagor(s) under each Mortgage Loan of all adjustments resulting from such escrow analyses; and
19. The property and improvements covered by such Mortgage Loan are insured against loss or damage by fire, flood (when required) and all other hazards normally included within standard extended coverage in accordance with the provisions of such Mortgage Loan with Borrower named as a mortgagee under a standard mortgagee endorsement and loss payee thereon.
B. Eligible Mortgage Loans . As to each Eligible Mortgage Loan, Borrower represents, warrants and covenants to Lender that, for each Eligible Mortgage Loan, as of the date hereof (or such other date set forth below):
1. The information set forth in the Collateral Package is true, correct and complete in all material respects;
2. To Borrower’s knowledge, all taxes, governmental assessments, insurance premiums, leasehold payments, water, sewer and municipal charges and any and all similar assessments which previously became due and owing with respect to any Mortgaged Property have been paid by the applicable mortgagor, or an escrow of funds has been established, in an amount sufficient to pay for every such escrowed item which remains unpaid and which has been assessed but is not yet due and payable with respect to any Mortgaged Property;
3. Borrower (a) has received delivery of all documents required by the terms and conditions of the applicable Mortgage Loan Documents, unless the failure to deliver such documents would not result in (x) any material liability to any holder of such Mortgage Loan or (y) any material loss in value of such Mortgage Loan, and (b) has performed requisite due diligence in the Ordinary Course of Business, with respect to each Mortgage Loan;
4. Upon default by a mortgagor on an Eligible Mortgage Loan and foreclosure on, or trustee's sale of, the Mortgaged Property pursuant to the proper procedures, the holder of the Eligible Mortgage Loan will be able to deliver good and merchantable title to the Mortgaged Property;
5. The terms of the Mortgage Note and the Mortgage have not been impaired, waived, altered or modified in any respect, except by written instruments which (a) have been recorded in the applicable public recording office if required by law or if necessary to maintain the lien priority of the
26 |
Mortgage, and (b) which have been delivered to Lender or Custodian; the substance of any such waiver, alteration or modification has been approved by the insurer under the private mortgage insurance policy, if any, and by the title insurer, to the extent required by the related policy provided by Borrower and is reflected appropriately on any and all documentation or data and is true and accurate in all respects. No other instrument of waiver, alteration or modification has been executed, and no mortgagor has been released, in whole or in part, except in connection with an assumption agreement approved by the insurer under the private mortgage insurance policy, if any, and by the title insurer, to the extent required by the policy, and which assumption agreement is a part of the Mortgage Loan Documents. The principal amount of each Mortgage Loan has been fully disbursed as of the date hereof and there is no requirement for future advances thereunder except in those cases where the full amount of the Mortgage Loan has been disbursed but a portion thereof is being held in escrow or reserve accounts pending the satisfaction of certain conditions relating to the rehabilitation, restoration or repair of the related Mortgaged Property;
6. To Borrower’s knowledge, there are no defaults by Borrower in complying with the terms of the Eligible Mortgage Loan, and all flood and hazard insurance premiums and private mortgage insurance premiums which are due, have been paid without loss or penalty to the mortgagor. Neither Borrower nor, to Borrower’s knowledge, its predecessors, have waived any default, breach, violation or event of acceleration. Borrower has received no notice of, and has no knowledge of, any event, including but not limited to the bankruptcy filing or death of a mortgagor, which may or could give rise to a mortgagor default, breach, violation or event of acceleration under the Mortgage Note or Mortgage. Borrower has not advanced funds, or induced, solicited or knowingly received any advance from any Person other than the mortgagor, directly or indirectly, for the payment of any amount due under the Eligible Mortgage Loan;
7. With respect to each Eligible Mortgage Loan, (i) the first Lien securing the Eligible Mortgage Loan is in full force and effect, (ii) there is no default, breach, violation or event of acceleration caused by any action or omission of Borrower existing under the related Mortgage or Mortgage Note, and (iii) no event which, with the passage of time or with notice and the expiration of any grace or cure period, would constitute a default, breach, violation or event of acceleration thereunder;
8. Borrower has no knowledge of any circumstances or condition with respect to the Mortgage, the Mortgaged Property, the applicable mortgagor or the applicable mortgagor’s credit standing that could reasonably be expected to (i) cause investors to regard the Eligible Mortgage Loan as an unacceptable investment, (ii) cause the Eligible Mortgage Loan to become delinquent or (iii) materially adversely affect the value or the marketability of the Mortgage;
9. Unless such noncompliance in the case of any of the following clauses (i) through (iii) below will not result in (y) any material liability to any holder of such Eligible Mortgage Loan or (z) any material loss in value of such Mortgage Loan which is not already reflected in Borrower’s cost basis calculated at the time of Borrower’s acquisition thereof with respect to such Mortgage Loan, (i) No Eligible Mortgage Loan is classified as (a) a “high cost” loan under the Home Ownership and Equity Protection Act of 1994 (“ HOEPA ”), unless HOEPA does
27 |
not apply to such Mortgage Loan or (b) a “high cost,” “threshold,” “covered,” or “predatory” loan under any other applicable state, federal or local law; (ii) the Eligible Mortgage Loan does not have an “annual percentage rate” or total “points and fees” payable by the related Mortgagor (as each such term is calculated under HOEPA) that exceed the thresholds set forth by HOEPA and its implementing regulations, including 12 C.F.R. § 226.32(a)(1)(i), unless HOEPA does not apply to such Eligible Mortgage Loan; (iii) no term or condition of, and no practice used in connection with the origination of, such Eligible Mortgage Loan has been categorized as an “unfair” or “deceptive” term, condition or practice under any applicable federal, state or local law (or regulation promulgated thereunder) and the Eligible Mortgage Loan does not have any terms which expose Lender to regulatory action or enforcement proceedings, penalties or other sanctions;
10. Unless such noncompliance in the case of any of the following clauses (i) through (iv) below will not result in (y) any material liability to any holder of such Eligible Mortgage Loan or (z) any material loss in value of such Mortgage Loan which is not already reflected in Borrower’s cost basis calculated at the time of Borrower’s acquisition thereof with respect to such Mortgage Loan, with respect to any Eligible Mortgage Loan that contains a provision permitting imposition of a penalty upon a prepayment prior to maturity: (i) the Eligible Mortgage Loan provides some benefit to the applicable mortgagor ( e.g. , a rate or fee reduction) in exchange for accepting such prepayment penalty, (ii) the Eligible Mortgage Loan’s originator had a written policy of offering such mortgagor the option of obtaining a mortgage loan that did not require payment of such a penalty, (iii) the prepayment penalty was adequately disclosed to the mortgagor in the mortgage loan documents pursuant to applicable state, local and federal law, and (iv) notwithstanding any state or federal law to the contrary, Borrower shall not impose such prepayment premium in any instance when the mortgage debt is accelerated as the result of the mortgagor’s default in making the loan payments;
11. With respect to escrow deposits and payments that Borrower is entitled to collect with respect to each Eligible Mortgage Loan, to the best of Borrower’s knowledge, all such payments are in the possession of, or under the control of Borrower, and there exist no deficiencies in connection therewith for which customary arrangements for repayment thereof have not been made. Borrower has directed Servicer to collect all escrow payments in full compliance with state and federal law and the provisions of the related Mortgage Note and Mortgage. As to any Eligible Mortgage Loan that is the subject of an escrow, escrow of funds is not prohibited by applicable law and has been established in a manner intended to ensure that there are sufficient escrow funds on hand to pay for every escrowed item that remains unpaid and has been assessed but is not yet due and payable. No escrow deposits or other charges or payments due under the Mortgage Note have been capitalized under any Mortgage or the related Mortgage Note;
12. Borrower has directed Servicer to credit to the account of the related mortgagor under the Eligible Mortgage Loan all interest required to be paid by applicable law or by the terms of the related Mortgage Note on any escrow account. Evidence of such credit shall be provided to Lender upon reasonable request; and
28 |
13. The Mortgage Loan is not (i) a negative amortization loan, (ii) a second lien loan, (iii) a home equity line of credit or similar loan, or (iv) a reverse mortgage.
Section 6.23 Eligible Mortgage Loans . By delivery of the applicable Advance Request Form, Borrower shall be deemed, as of the delivery date of such Advance Request Form and as of each date thereafter that Mortgage Loans included in the Eligible Mortgage Loan Borrowing Base remain subject to this Agreement, to represent and warrant that each such Mortgage Loan is an Eligible Mortgage Loan.
Section 6.24 Foreign Assets Control Regulations and Anti-Money Laundering . Borrower is and will remain in compliance in all material respects with all United States economic sanctions laws, Executive Orders and implementing regulations as promulgated by OFAC, and all applicable anti-money laundering and counter-terrorism financing provisions of the Bank Secrecy Act and all regulations issued pursuant to it. Borrower (a) is not a Person designated by the United States government on the list of the Specially Designated Nationals and Blocked Persons (the “ SDN List ”) with which a United States Person cannot deal with or otherwise engage in business transactions, (b) is not a Person who is otherwise the target of United States economic sanction laws such that a United States Person cannot deal or otherwise engage in business transactions with such Person, or (c) is not controlled by (including without limitation by virtue of such person being a director or owning voting shares or interests), or acts, directly or indirectly, for or on behalf of, any person or entity on the SDN List or a foreign government that is the target of United States economic sanctions prohibitions such that the entry into, or performance under, this Agreement or any other Loan Document would be prohibited under United States law.
Section 6.25 Solvency . Neither the Loan Documents nor any transaction thereunder are entered into in contemplation of insolvency or with intent to hinder, delay or defraud any of Borrower’s creditors. The pledge of the Collateral subject hereto is not undertaken with the intent to hinder, delay or defraud any of Borrower’s creditors. Borrower is not insolvent within the meaning of 11 U.S.C. Section 101(32) and the pledge of the Collateral pursuant hereto (i) will not cause Borrower to become insolvent, (ii) will not result in any property remaining with Borrower to be unreasonably small capital, and (iii) will not result in debts that would be beyond Borrower’s ability to pay as the same mature.
Section 6.26 Patriot Act . Borrower is in compliance with (a) the Trading with the Enemy Act, and each of the foreign assets control regulations of the United States Treasury Department (31 CFR, Subtitle B Chapter V, as amended), and all other enabling legislation or executive order relating thereto, (b) the Patriot Act, and (c) all other federal or state laws relating to “know your customer” and anti-money laundering rules and regulations. No part of the proceeds of any Revolving Line of Credit Advance will be used directly or indirectly for any payments to any government official or employee, political party, official of a political party, candidate for political office, or anyone else acting in an official capacity, in order to obtain, retain or direct business or obtain any improper advantage, in violation of the United States Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977.
Section 6.27 Accounts . All deposit accounts of Borrower are listed on Schedule 6.27 hereto, and each deposit account is subject to a Control Agreement.
ARTICLE
VII.
Affirmative Covenants
Borrower covenants and agrees that, as long as the Obligations or any part thereof are outstanding or Lender has any Revolving Commitment hereunder, Borrower will perform and observe the following affirmative covenants, unless Lender shall otherwise consent in writing:
Section 7.1
29 |
Reporting Requirements . Borrower will furnish to Lender:
A. Annual Financial Statements . As soon as available, and in any event within seventy (70) days after the end of each fiscal year of Borrower and its Subsidiaries, beginning with the fiscal year ending September 30, 2018, (i) a copy of the annual audit report of Borrower for such fiscal year containing statements of assets and liabilities and statements of operations and cash flow as at the end of such fiscal year and for the 12-month period then ended, all in reasonable detail and audited and certified by Grant Thornton LLP or other independent certified public accountants of recognized standing acceptable to Lender, to the effect that such report has been prepared in accordance with GAAP and containing no material qualifications or limitations on scope;
B. Quarterly Financial Statements . As soon as available, and in any event within (i) forty-five (45) days after the end of each of the first and third fiscal quarter of Borrower and (ii) seventy (70) days after the end of the second fiscal quarter of Borrower, a copy of an unaudited financial report of Borrower as of the end of such fiscal quarter, containing, statements of assets and liabilities and statements of operations and cash flow for the second fiscal quarter, all in reasonable detail certified by the chief financial officer of Borrower to have been prepared in accordance with GAAP, with respect to Borrower, consistent with any applicable reporting requirements promulgated by the United States Securities and Exchange Commission, and to fairly and accurately present (subject to year-end audit adjustments) the financial condition and results of operations of Borrower, as of the dates and for the periods indicated therein;
C. Compliance Certificate . Concurrently with the delivery of each of the financial statements referred to in Sections 7.1A and 7.1B , a certificate of a Responsible Officer of Borrower (i) stating that to the best of such officer’s knowledge, no Default has occurred and is continuing, or if a Default has occurred and is continuing, a statement as to the nature thereof and the action which is proposed to be taken with respect thereto, and (ii) showing in reasonable detail the calculations demonstrating compliance with the covenants set forth in Article IX .
D. Borrowing Base Report . As soon as available, and in any event within fifteen (15) days after the end of each calendar month, a Borrowing Base Report, certified by a Responsible Officer of Borrower.
E. Subservicing Remittance Package . As soon as available, and in any event within the earlier of (i) seventeen (17) Business Days after the end of each calendar month or (ii) one (1) Business Day following Borrower’s receipt of same from Servicer, a copy of the subservicing remittance package from Servicer containing Mortgage Loan payment information, including, but not limited to, loan balances, interest rates, and other information pertaining to the servicing of each Mortgage Loan, all certified by a Responsible Officer of Borrower as being a true, complete and correct copy of such information received by Borrower from Servicer.
F. Management Letters . Promptly upon receipt thereof, a copy of any management letter or written report submitted to Borrower or any Subsidiary by independent certified public accountants with respect to the business, condition (financial or otherwise), operations, or properties of Borrower or any Subsidiary;
G. Notice of Litigation . Promptly after the commencement thereof, notice of all actions, suits, and proceedings before any Governmental Authority or arbitrator affecting
30 |
Borrower or any Subsidiary which, if determined adversely to Borrower or such Subsidiary, could be a Material Adverse Event;
H. Notice of Default . As soon as possible and in any event within five (5) days after the occurrence of each Default, a written notice setting forth the details of such Default and the action that Borrower has taken and proposes to take with respect thereto;
I. ERISA Reports . Promptly after the filing or receipt thereof, copies of all reports, including annual reports, and notices which Borrower or any Subsidiary files with or receives from the PBGC or the U.S. Department of Labor under ERISA; and as soon as possible and in any event within five (5) days after Borrower or any Subsidiary knows or has reason to know that any Reportable Event or Prohibited Transaction has occurred with respect to any Plan or that the PBGC or Borrower or any Subsidiary has instituted or will institute proceedings under Title IV of ERISA to terminate any Plan, a certificate of a Responsible Officer of Borrower setting forth the details as to such Reportable Event or Prohibited Transaction or Plan termination and the action that Borrower proposes to take with respect thereto;
J. Reports to Other Creditors . Promptly after the furnishing thereof, copies of any statement or report furnished to any other party pursuant to the terms of any indenture, loan, or credit or similar agreement and not otherwise required to be furnished to Lender pursuant to any other clause of this Section;
K. Notice of Material Adverse Event . Promptly after the occurrence thereof, written notice of any matter that could be a Material Adverse Event;
L. Notice of Attachment . Promptly, and in any event within ten (10) days after the commencement thereof, notice of any attachment, sequestration, or similar proceeding or proceedings against Borrower involving an aggregate amount in excess of $100,000 against any of its assets or properties;
M. Tax Returns . Borrower shall electronically deliver to Lender, within fifteen (15) days of filing, complete copies of Borrower’s federal and state tax returns, as applicable, together with all schedules thereto, each of which shall be signed and certified by Borrower to be true and complete copies of such returns. In the event an extension is filed, Borrower shall deliver a copy of the extension within fifteen (15) days of filing;
N. Notice of Ineligible Mortgage Loan . Whenever any Eligible Mortgage Loan shall become ineligible, Borrower shall notify Lender in the next scheduled Borrowing Base Report delivered pursuant to Section 7.1D hereof;
O. Fraud . Borrower shall immediately notify Lender in writing if Borrower becomes aware of any circumstances constituting an occurrence of, or an allegation of, fraud arising out of or relating to (a) the origination of any Mortgage Loan, or (b) loan origination, loan servicing, or any business operation or practice of Borrower, any of Borrower’s Affiliates, or any Person from whom Borrower acquires, directly or indirectly, any Mortgage Loans;
P. Fidelity Bond . Promptly, but in any event within thirty (30) days following the date any such payment is due, Borrower shall provide to Lender evidence of payment of any insurance premiums, fees or expenses relating to insurance required pursuant to Section 9.2 ;
31 |
Q. Appraisals . Promptly, any appraisal received by Borrower with respect to any Mortgage Loan, which appraisal may be provided in either paper or electronic format;
R. BPOs . Promptly, any BPO received by Borrower with respect to any Mortgage Loan, which BPO may be provided in either paper or electronic format;
S. Amendments and Modifications . Without limiting Section 4.3 hereof, promptly upon the execution thereof, copies of any amendments, modifications, restatements, extensions, or renewals of any terms of any Mortgage Loan Documents;
T. General Information . Promptly, such other information concerning Borrower or any Subsidiary as Lender may from time to time request.
Section 7.2 Maintenance of Existence; Conduct of Business . Borrower will preserve and maintain, and will cause each Subsidiary to preserve and maintain, (a) its existence and (b) all of its leases, privileges, licenses, permits, franchises, qualifications, and rights that are necessary in the Ordinary Course of Business, except, in the case of clause (b) above, to the extent a failure to do so could not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Event. Borrower will conduct its business in an orderly and efficient manner in accordance with good business practices. Without limitation, Borrower will not make (and will not permit any of its Subsidiaries to make) any material change in its credit collection policies if such change would materially impair the collectability of any Mortgage Loan, nor will it rescind, cancel or modify any Mortgage Loan except in the Ordinary Course of Business.
Section 7.3 Maintenance of Properties . Borrower will maintain, keep, and preserve, and will cause each Subsidiary to maintain, keep, and preserve, all of its Properties (tangible and intangible) necessary or useful in the proper conduct of its business in good working order and condition, ordinary wear and tear excepted.
Section 7.4 Taxes and Claims . Borrower will pay or discharge, and will cause each Subsidiary to pay or discharge, at or before maturity or before becoming delinquent (a) all taxes, levies, assessments, and governmental charges imposed on it or its income or profits or any of its property, and (b) all lawful claims for labor, material, and supplies, which, if unpaid, might become a Lien upon any of its property; provided, however, that neither Borrower nor any Subsidiary shall not be required to pay or discharge any tax, levy, assessment, or governmental charge which is being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings diligently pursued, and for which adequate reserves have been established.
Section 7.5 Insurance . Borrower will maintain, and will cause each Subsidiary to maintain, insurance with financially sound and reputable insurance companies in such amounts and covering such risks as is usually carried by companies engaged in similar businesses and owning similar properties in the same general areas in which Borrower and the Subsidiaries operate, provided that in any event Borrower will maintain, and will cause each Subsidiary to maintain, fidelity and errors and omissions insurance in accordance with Section 9.2 , property insurance and comprehensive general liability insurance reasonably satisfactory to Lender.
Section 7.6 Inspection Rights . At any reasonable time and from time to time upon two (2) days’ advance written or telephonic notice ( provided that no notice shall be required during the continuation of an Event of Default), Borrower will permit, and will cause each Subsidiary to permit, representatives of Lender to examine the Collateral (including, but not limited to, any and all records, due diligence materials, loan documents and files related to the underlying Mortgage Loans) and conduct Collateral audits, to examine, copy, and make extracts from its books and records, to visit and inspect its properties, and to discuss its business, operations, and financial condition with its officers, employees, and independent certified public accountants, in each instance, at Borrower’s expense; provided that ,
32 |
other than with respect to such visits and inspections during the continuance of an Event of Default, Lender shall not exercise such rights more often that one time during any calendar year at Borrower’s expense, but may exercise such rights more often at Lender’s own expense.
Section 7.7 Keeping Books and Records . Borrower will maintain, and will cause each Subsidiary to maintain, proper books of record and account in which full, true, and correct entries in conformity with GAAP shall be made of all dealings and transactions in relation to its business and activities.
Section 7.8 Compliance with Laws . Borrower will comply, and will cause each Subsidiary to comply, in all material respects with all applicable laws, rules, regulations, orders, and decrees of any Governmental Authority or arbitrator.
Section 7.9 Compliance with Agreements . Borrower will comply in all material respects with all material agreements, contracts, and instruments binding on it or affecting its properties or business. Borrower shall also comply with the material terms, conditions and covenants (including financial covenants) contained in any agreements or documents evidencing or related to Other Debt.
Section 7.10 Further Assurances . Borrower will, and will cause each Subsidiary to, execute and deliver such further agreements and instruments, including additional original powers of attorney in connection with the recordation of any Assignment of Lien, and take such further action as may be requested by Lender to carry out the provisions and purposes of this Agreement and the other Loan Documents and to create, preserve, and perfect the Liens of Lender in the Collateral.
Section 7.11 ERISA . Borrower will comply, and will cause each Subsidiary to comply, with all minimum funding requirements, and all other material requirements, of ERISA, if applicable, so as not to give rise to any liability thereunder.
Section 7.12 Custodian and Vendor Fees . Borrower shall be liable for and shall pay as and when due thereunder all fees and charges payable in connection with the Tri-Party Agreement and any Vendor Agreement upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth therein. Lender shall, at Borrower's sole cost and expense, cooperate with Borrower upon Borrower's reasonable request to allow for the discharge or release of the applicable Mortgage Loans (when permitted pursuant to this Agreement and the other Loan Documents), sale of the applicable Mortgage Loans (when permitted pursuant to this Agreement and the other Loan Documents), including but not limited to, the delivery of the original notes, mortgages and/or deeds of trust to permit Borrower to foreclose its mortgages or deeds of trust under terms and conditions set forth in the Tri-Party Agreement, any Vendor Agreement, or otherwise satisfactory to Lender.
Section 7.13 Sale of Mortgage Loans . Borrower will direct all proceeds from the sale of any Mortgage Loans into a Controlled Account.
ARTICLE
VIII.
Negative Covenants
Borrower covenants and agrees that, as long as the Obligations or any part thereof are outstanding or Lender has any Revolving Commitment hereunder, Borrower will perform and observe the following negative covenants, unless Lender shall otherwise consent in writing:
Section 8.1 Debt .A.
33 |
A. Borrower will not, and will not permit any Subsidiary to, without prior written consent of Lender, incur, create, assume, or permit to exist, any Debt, except (i) Debt owing to Lender, (ii) existing Debt described on Schedule 8.1 hereto (“ Existing Debt ”), and any refinancings, refundings, renewals or extensions thereof (without increasing, or shortening the maturity of, the principal amount thereof); and (iii) other unsecured Debt not to exceed $100,000 in the aggregate at any time outstanding.
B. Borrower will not, and will not permit any Subsidiary to, without prior written consent of Lender, amend, modify or refinance any Debt, other than (1) Debt owing to Lender and (2) the refinancing, refunding, renewal or extension of Existing Debt (without increasing, or shortening the maturity of, the principal amount thereof).
Section 8.2 Limitation on Liens . Borrower will not incur, create, assume, or permit to exist, any Lien upon any of its property, assets, or revenues, including for the avoidance of doubt any receivables or rights to receivables from any Mortgage Loan, whether now owned or hereafter acquired, except:
(i) Liens disclosed on Schedule 8.2 hereto;
(ii) Liens in favor of Lender;
(iii) encumbrances consisting of minor easements, zoning restrictions, or other restrictions on the use of real property that do not (individually or in the aggregate) materially affect the value of the assets encumbered thereby or materially impair the ability of Borrower or the Subsidiaries to use such assets in their respective businesses, and none of which is violated in any material respect by existing or proposed structures or land use;
(iv) Liens for taxes, assessments, or other governmental charges which are not delinquent or which are being contested in good faith and for which adequate reserves have been established;
(v) Liens of mechanics, materialmen, warehousemen, carriers, or other similar statutory Liens securing obligations that are not yet due and are incurred in the Ordinary Course of Business; and
(vi) Liens resulting from good faith deposits to secure payments of workmen's compensation or other social security programs or to secure the performance of tenders, statutory obligations, surety and appeal bonds, bids, or contracts (other than for payment of Debt), or leases made in the Ordinary Course of Business.
Section 8.3 Mergers, Etc . Unless Lender expressly consents in writing, Borrower will not (i) become a party to a merger, consolidation or other combination, wherein Borrower is not the surviving entity following such merger, consolidation or combination, or (ii) wind-up, dissolve, or liquidate.
Section 8.4 Restricted Payments . If Borrower is, or would be, as a result of taking the following actions, in violation of any of the covenants contained in Article IX or an Event of Default would be caused thereby, Borrower will not declare or pay any dividends or make any other payment or distribution (in cash, property, or obligations) on account of its equity interests, or redeem, purchase, retire, or otherwise acquire any of its equity interests, or permit any of its Subsidiaries to purchase or otherwise acquire any equity interest of Borrower or another Subsidiary, or set apart any money for a sinking or other analogous fund for any dividend or other distribution on its equity interests or for any
34 |
redemption, purchase, retirement, or other acquisition of any of its equity interests, including, without limitation, (i) quarterly repurchases of shares of beneficial interest of Borrower, (ii) monthly dividend distributions to Borrower’s shareholders of the net investment income of Borrower after payment of Borrower’s operating expenses, in accordance with the distribution policy described in Borrower’s Prospectus, (iii) distributions on account of Borrower’s dividend reinvestment policy administered by Gemini Fund Service, LLC, and as described in Borrower’s Prospectus, and (iv) any other distributions Borrower is required by the Investment Company Act of 1940 to make in order to maintain its status as a “registered investment company” thereunder; provided , however , that during an Event of Default that is not a Specified Event of Default, Borrower may make any payments or distributions described in clause (iv) solely to the extent and in the minimum amount legally required by Investment Company Act of 1940 to maintain its status as a “registered investment company” thereunder. For the avoidance of doubt (other than as set forth with respect to clause (iv) above), upon the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default, Borrower may not make any payment or distribution contemplated in this Section 8.4 .
Section 8.5 Loans and Investments .
A. If Borrower is, or would be as a result of taking the following actions, in violation of any of the covenants contained in Article IX, Borrower will not make any advance, loan, extension of credit, other than Mortgage Loans, or capital contribution to or investment in, or purchase, any Person, except:
1. Investments in cash and Cash Equivalents;
2. fully insured certificates of deposit with maturities of one year or less from the date of acquisition issued by any commercial bank operating in the United States of America having capital and surplus in excess of $50,000,000.00;
3. commercial paper of a domestic issuer if at the time of purchase such paper is rated in one of the two highest rating categories of S&P or Moody's;
4. loans and advances to employees in the ordinary course of business related to expenses incurred in the ordinary course of employment;
5. other investments reasonably acceptable to Lender, with Lender’s prior written consent; and
6. other instruments described in the Prospectus.
B. Other than loans referenced in Section 8.5A.4 above, Borrower will not make, and will not permit any Subsidiary to make, any advance, loan, extension of credit, other than Mortgage Loans, to, or purchase, or permit any Subsidiary to purchase, any bonds, notes, debentures, or other credit instrument of, any holder of an equity interest in Borrower, or any Affiliate of a holder of an equity interest in Borrower.
Section 8.6 Limitation on Issuance of Equity . If taking the following actions would result in a Change of Control or Organic Change, Borrower will not, and will not permit any of its Subsidiaries to, at any time, issue, sell, assign or otherwise dispose of (a) any of its equity interests; (b) any securities exchangeable for or convertible into or carrying any rights to acquire any of its equity interests; or (c) any option, warrant, or other right to acquire any of its equity interests.
Section 8.7 Transactions with Affiliates . Borrower will not enter into, and will not permit any Subsidiary to enter into, any transaction, including, without limitation, the purchase, sale, or exchange
35 |
of property or the rendering of any service, with any Affiliate of Borrower or such Subsidiary, except in the ordinary course of and pursuant to the reasonable requirements of Borrower's or such Subsidiary’s business and upon fair and reasonable terms no less favorable to Borrower or such Subsidiary than would be obtained in a comparable arm's-length transaction with a Person not an Affiliate of Borrower or such Subsidiary; provided that the foregoing restrictions not apply to: (i) transactions set forth on Schedule 8.7 , and (ii) issuances by Borrower of awards or grants of beneficial interests and employment and severance agreements, approved by the board of trustees or similar governing body of Borrower.
Section 8.8 Disposition of Assets . Borrower will not sell, lease, assign, transfer, or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of its assets.
Section 8.9 Prepayment of Debt . Borrower will not prepay, and will not permit any Subsidiary to prepay, any Debt, except the Obligations and Existing Debt.
Section 8.10 Nature of Business . Borrower will not make any material change in the nature of its business as carried on as of the date hereof.
Section 8.11 Environmental Protection . Borrower will not, and will not permit any of its Subsidiaries to, (a) use (or permit any tenant to use) any of their respective properties or assets for the handling, processing, storage, transportation, or disposal of any Hazardous Material, (b) generate any Hazardous Material, (c) conduct any activity that is likely to cause a Release or threatened Release of any Hazardous Material, or (d) otherwise conduct any activity or use any of their respective properties or assets in any manner that is likely to violate any Environmental Law or create any Environmental Liabilities for which Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries would be responsible.
Section 8.12 Accounting . Borrower will not, and will not permit any of its Subsidiaries to, change its fiscal year or make any change (a) in accounting treatment or reporting practices, except as required by GAAP and disclosed to Lender, or (b) in tax reporting treatment, except as required by law and disclosed to Lender.
Section 8.13 No Negative Pledge . Borrower will not, and will not permit any of its Subsidiaries to, enter into or permit to exist any arrangement or agreement, other than pursuant to this Agreement or any Loan Document, which directly or indirectly prohibits Borrower or any Subsidiary from creating or incurring a Lien on any of its assets.
Section 8.14 No Amendments . Borrower will not make, or permit to be made, (a) any amendments or modifications to its Constituent Documents which (i) could reasonably be expected to be a Material Adverse Event, (ii) would designate or identify that any Collateral is held with respect to a particular series of Borrower, (iii) would create any series, or (iv) would require Lender to look exclusively to the assets of any particular series of Borrower for repayment of the Obligations, or (b) any amendments, modifications, restatements, extensions, or renewals of any terms of any Eligible Mortgage Loan or release any security or obligor related thereto, except to the extent such Eligible Mortgage Loan is released pursuant to Section 4.3 or such Eligible Mortgage Loan becomes ineligible as a result of such amendment, modification, restatement, extension, or renewal.
Section 8.15 Limitations on Credit and Collection Practices . Borrower shall not make any changes in its credit and collection policy which would, based upon the facts and circumstances in existence at such time, reasonably be expected to materially adversely affect the collectability, credit quality or characteristics of the Mortgage Loans pledged as Collateral to Lender hereunder, taken as a whole, or the ability of Borrower to exercise of any of its rights and remedies, hereunder or under any other document included in the Collateral Package.
Section 8.16
36 |
Accounts . Without Lender’s prior written consent, Borrower shall not establish any accounts in addition to those listed on Schedule 6.27 , unless such accounts are subject to Lender's exclusive control through a Control Agreement.
Section 8.17 Mortgage Loans . Without Lender’s prior written consent, Borrower shall not allow Eligible Mortgage Loans with an aggregate Eligible Mortgage Loan Borrowing Base value of greater than $10,000,000 to be outside of possession of Custodian at any one time.
ARTICLE
IX.
Financial Covenants
Borrower covenants and agrees that, as long as the Obligations or any part thereof are outstanding or Lender has any Revolving Commitment hereunder:
Section 9.1 Total Debt to Net Worth Ratio . Borrower shall not, at any time, permit the Total Debt to Net Worth Ratio of Borrower to be more than 0.5:1.0, and such ratio shall be calculated on the last day of each fiscal quarter.
Section 9.2 Minimum Fidelity Bond and E&O Insurance . Borrower will maintain a blanket fidelity bond in an amount required pursuant to the Investment Company Act of 1940 covering employee dishonesty, forgery, theft, disappearance and destruction, robbery and safe burglary, property and computer fraud. Borrower will maintain an errors and omissions insurance covering errors and omissions of directors and officers of the fund in an amount no less than $10,000,000.
Section 9.3 Minimum Liquidity . Borrower shall not, at any time, permit the Liquidity to be less than the greater of (A) five percent (5%) of the aggregate amount of all Revolving Line of Credit Advances outstanding on such date, or (B) $500,000, and such Liquidity shall be calculated on the last day of each fiscal quarter.
Section 9.4 Debt Service Coverage Ratio . Borrower shall not permit, as of the last day of each fiscal quarter of Borrower, the Debt Service Coverage Ratio to be less than 1.75:1.0.
Section 9.5 Minimum Assets to Liabilities Ratio . Borrower shall not permit, at any time, the ratio of its total assets to its total liabilities, each as reflected on the most recently-delivered financial statements, last required to be delivered pursuant to Sections 7.1A and 7.1B , to be greater than 3.0:1.0, and such ratio shall be calculated on the last day of each fiscal quarter.
ARTICLE
X.
Default
Section 10.1 Events of Default . Each of the following shall be deemed an “Event of Default”:
A. Borrower shall fail to pay the Obligations or any part thereof shall not be paid and (i) with respect to payments of principal when due or declared due, and (ii) other than with respect to payments of principal, such failure shall continue unremedied for three (3) days after such payment became due;
B. Borrower shall fail to provide to Lender timely notice of Default as required by Section 7.1H of this Agreement or Borrower shall breach any provision of Article VIII or Article IX (other than Section 9.3 ) of this Agreement;
37 |
C. Any material representation or warranty made or deemed made by Borrower (or any of its officers) in any Loan Document or in any certificate, report, notice, or financial statement furnished at any time in connection with this Agreement shall be false, misleading, or erroneous in any material respect when made or deemed to have been made (other than the representations and warranties set forth in Section 6.22 hereof, which shall be considered solely for the purpose of determining with respect to any Pledged Notes (A) the Eligible Mortgage Loan Borrowing Base value, or (B) whether such Mortgage Loan is an Eligible Mortgage Loan, unless, (x) Borrower shall have made any such representations and warranties with actual knowledge that they were materially false or misleading at the time made or (y) any such representations and warranties have been determined by Lender to be materially false or misleading on a regular basis);
D. (i) Borrower shall breach Section 9.3 of this Agreement and such breach continues for more than thirty (30) days following the date such breach first began; (ii) Borrower shall breach Section 7.1 of this Agreement (other than Section 7.1H ) and such breach continues for more than five (5) days following the date such breach first began; or (iii) Borrower shall fail to perform, observe, or comply with any covenant, agreement, or term contained in this Agreement or any other Loan Document (other than as covered by Sections 10.1A , B , D(i ) or D(ii) ), and such failure continues for more than thirty (30) days following the earlier of (a) a Responsible Officer becoming aware of such default or (b) receipt by Borrower of notice from Lender of such default;
E. Borrower or any Subsidiary shall commence a voluntary proceeding seeking liquidation, reorganization, or other relief with respect to itself or its debts under any bankruptcy, insolvency, or other similar law now or hereafter in effect or seeking the appointment of a trustee, receiver, liquidator, custodian, or other similar official of it or a substantial part of its property or shall consent to any such relief or to the appointment of or taking possession by any such official in an involuntary case or other proceeding commenced against it or shall make a general assignment for the benefit of creditors or shall generally fail to pay its debts as they become due or shall take any corporate action to authorize any of the foregoing;
F. Borrower or any Subsidiary shall fail to pay when due any principal of or interest on any Debt (other than the Obligations) in the amount of $75,000 or more, or the maturity of any such Debt shall have been accelerated, or any event shall have occurred that permits (or, with the giving of notice or lapse of time or both, would permit) any holder or holders of such Debt or any Person acting on behalf of such holder or holders to accelerate the maturity thereof;
G. This Agreement or any other Loan Document shall cease to be in full force and effect (other than in each case in accordance with the terms hereof) or shall be declared null and void or the validity or enforceability thereof shall be contested or challenged by Borrower, any Subsidiary or any of their respective shareholders, or Borrower shall deny that it has any further liability or obligation under any of the Loan Documents, or any lien or security interest created by the Loan Documents shall for any reason cease to be a valid, first priority perfected security interest in and lien upon any of the Collateral (subject to Permitted Exceptions) purported to be covered thereby (other than as a result of the Lender’s failure to maintain any possession of any promissory note or other instrument delivered to it under the Security Agreement);
H. Any of the following events shall occur or exist with respect to Borrower or any ERISA Affiliate: (i) any Prohibited Transaction involving any Plan; (ii) any Reportable
38 |
Event with respect to any Plan; (iii) the filing under Section 4041 of ERISA of a notice of intent to terminate any Plan or the termination of any Plan; (iv) any event or circumstance that might constitute grounds entitling the PBGC to institute proceedings under Section 4042 of ERISA for the termination of, or for the appointment of a trustee to administer, any Plan, or the institution by the PBGC of any such proceedings; or (v) complete or partial withdrawal under Section 4201 or 4204 of ERISA from a Multiemployer Plan or the reorganization, insolvency, or termination of any Multiemployer Plan; and in each case above, such event or condition, together with all other events or conditions, if any, have subjected or could in the reasonable opinion of Lender subject Borrower to any tax, penalty, or other liability to a Plan, a Multiemployer Plan, the PBGC, or otherwise (or any combination thereof) which in the aggregate exceed or could reasonably be expected to exceed $750,000;
I. Borrower, any of its Subsidiaries, or any of its properties, revenues, or assets, shall become subject to an order of forfeiture, seizure, or divestiture (whether under the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organization Act of 1970, or otherwise) and the same shall not have been discharged within thirty (30) days from the date of entry thereof;
J. An involuntary proceeding shall be commenced against Borrower or any Subsidiary seeking liquidation, reorganization, or other relief with respect to it or its debts under any bankruptcy, insolvency, or other similar law now or hereafter in effect or seeking the appointment of a trustee, receiver, liquidator, custodian, or other similar official for it or a substantial part of its property, and such involuntary proceeding shall remain undismissed and unstayed for a period of thirty (30) days;
K. Borrower or any Subsidiary shall fail to discharge within a period of thirty (30) days after the commencement thereof any attachment, sequestration, or similar proceeding or proceedings involving an aggregate amount in excess of $75,000 against any of its assets or properties;
L. A final judgment or judgments for the payment of money in excess of $75,000 in the aggregate shall be rendered by a court or courts against Borrower or any Subsidiary and the same shall not be discharged (or provision shall not be made for such discharge), or a stay of execution thereof shall not be procured, within sixty (60) days from the date of entry thereof and Borrower or the relevant Subsidiary shall not, within said period of sixty (60) days, or such longer period during which execution of the same shall have been stayed, appeal therefrom and cause the execution thereof to be stayed during such appeal;
M. A Change of Control or an Organic Change shall occur without Lender’s prior written consent;
N. A default or event of default occurs with respect to any document that evidences any of the Obligations (other than this Agreement), or any other event shall occur or condition shall exist if the effect of such event or condition is to cause, or to permit the holders of any of the Obligations to cause, any Obligation to become due prior to the stated maturity or stated due date thereof; or
O. Lender determines that a Material Adverse Event has occurred or a circumstance exists that could result in a Material Adverse Event.
Section 10.2 Remedies Upon Default . If any Event of Default shall occur and be continuing, Lender may without notice terminate the Revolving Commitment and declare the Obligations or any part
39 |
thereof to be immediately due and payable, and the same shall thereupon become immediately due and payable, without notice, demand, presentment, notice of dishonor, notice of acceleration, notice of intent to accelerate, notice of intent to demand, protest, or other formalities of any kind, all of which are hereby expressly waived by Borrower; provided, however, that upon the occurrence of an Event of Default under Section 10.1E or Section 10.1J , the Revolving Commitment shall automatically terminate, and the Obligations shall become immediately due and payable without notice, demand, presentment, notice of dishonor, notice of acceleration, notice of intent to accelerate, notice of intent to demand, protest, or other formalities of any kind, all of which are hereby expressly waived by Borrower. If any Event of Default shall occur and be continuing, Lender may exercise all rights and remedies available to it in law or in equity, under the Loan Documents, or otherwise.
Borrower hereby appoints Lender (or Lender’s designee) as Borrower’s attorney-in-fact, which power of attorney is irrevocable and coupled with an interest, to act in its name, place, and stead, with full power of substitution if Lender so elects, to do any of the following in Borrower’s name upon the occurrence of an Event of Default after the expiration of any applicable cure period : complete, execute, deliver, record, modify or correct a new or existing Assignment of Lien with respect to any Mortgage, so that such Assignment of Lien is in form and substance acceptable for recording in the applicable jurisdiction. It is understood and agreed that this power of attorney shall be deemed to be a power coupled with an interest which cannot be revoked. Borrower hereby ratifies and confirms all that Lender or Lender’s designee shall lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue of this power of attorney and the rights granted with respect to such power of attorney.
Section 10.3 Performance by Lender . If Borrower shall fail to perform any covenant or agreement contained in any of the Loan Documents, Lender may perform or attempt to perform such covenant or agreement on behalf of Borrower. In such event, Borrower shall, at the request of Lender, promptly pay any amount expended by Lender in connection with such performance or attempted performance to Lender, together with interest thereon at the Default Interest Rate from and including the date of such expenditure to but excluding the date such expenditure is paid in full. Notwithstanding the foregoing, it is expressly agreed that Lender shall not have any liability or responsibility for the performance of any obligation of Borrower under this Agreement or any other Loan Document.
ARTICLE
XI.
Miscellaneous
Section 11.1 Expenses . Borrower hereby agrees to pay on demand: (a) all reasonable and documented out-of-pocket costs and expenses of Lender in connection with the preparation, negotiation, execution, and delivery of this Agreement and the other Loan Documents (and the Mortgage Loans related hereto) and any and all amendments, modifications, renewals, extensions, and supplements thereof and thereto, including, without limitation, the fees and expenses related to appraisals and document preparation and of legal counsel, advisors, consultants, and auditors for Lender, (b) all out-of-pocket costs and expenses of Lender in connection with any Default and the enforcement of this Agreement or any other Loan Document, including, without limitation, the fees and expenses of legal counsel, advisors, consultants, and auditors for Lender, (c) all transfer, stamp, documentary, or other similar taxes, assessments, or charges levied by any Governmental Authority in respect of this Agreement or any of the other Loan Documents, (d) all out-of-pocket costs, expenses, assessments, and other charges incurred in connection with any filing, registration, recording, or perfection of any security interest or Lien contemplated by this Agreement or any other Loan Document, (e) any fees payable pursuant to the Tri-Party Agreement, and (f) all other costs and expenses incurred by Lender in connection with this Agreement or any other Loan Document, any litigation, dispute, suit, proceeding or action; the enforcement of its rights and remedies, protection of its interests in bankruptcy, insolvency or other legal proceedings, including, without limitation, all costs, expenses, and other charges incurred in connection
40 |
with evaluating, observing, collecting, examining, auditing, appraising, selling, liquidating, or otherwise disposing of the Collateral or other assets of Borrower.
Section 11.2 INDEMNIFICATION . BORROWER SHALL INDEMNIFY LENDER AND EACH AFFILIATE THEREOF AND THEIR RESPECTIVE OFFICERS, DIRECTORS, EMPLOYEES, ATTORNEYS, AND AGENTS (EACH, AN “INDEMNITEE”) FROM, AND HOLD EACH OF THEM HARMLESS AGAINST, ANY AND ALL LOSSES, LIABILITIES, CLAIMS, DAMAGES, PENALTIES, JUDGMENTS, DISBURSEMENTS, COSTS, AND EXPENSES (INCLUDING ATTORNEYS' FEES) TO WHICH ANY OF THEM MAY BECOME SUBJECT WHICH DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY ARISE FROM OR RELATE TO (A) THE NEGOTIATION, EXECUTION, DELIVERY, PERFORMANCE, ADMINISTRATION, OR ENFORCEMENT OF ANY OF THE LOAN DOCUMENTS, (B) ANY OF THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED BY THE LOAN DOCUMENTS, (C) ANY BREACH BY BORROWER OF ANY REPRESENTATION, WARRANTY, COVENANT, OR OTHER AGREEMENT CONTAINED IN ANY OF THE LOAN DOCUMENTS, (D) THE PRESENCE, RELEASE, THREATENED RELEASE, DISPOSAL, REMOVAL, OR CLEANUP OF ANY HAZARDOUS MATERIAL LOCATED ON, ABOUT, WITHIN, OR AFFECTING ANY OF THE PROPERTIES OR ASSETS OF BORROWER, (E) THE RELEASE OR DELIVERY OF ANY COLLATERAL PACKAGE TO A BAILEE OR ACCEPTABLE ATTORNEY AS CONTEMPLATED BY THE TERMS OF THE TRI-PARTY AGREEMENT, (F) THE COLLATERAL, OR ANY USE, POSSESSION, MAINTENANCE, OR MANAGEMENT THEREOF, OR (G) ANY INVESTIGATION, LITIGATION, OR OTHER PROCEEDING, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, ANY THREATENED INVESTIGATION, LITIGATION, OR OTHER PROCEEDING, RELATING TO ANY OF THE FOREGOING. BORROWER DOES HEREBY ASSUME ALL LIABILITY FOR THE COLLATERAL, AND FOR ANY USE, POSSESSION, MAINTENANCE, AND MANAGEMENT OF ALL OR ANY OF THE COLLATERAL, INCLUDING ANY TAXES ARISING AS A RESULT OF, OR IN CONNECTION WITH, THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED BY THE LOAN DOCUMENTS SUBJECT TO THE LIMITATIONS EXPRESSLY SET FORTH THEREIN. WITHOUT LIMITING ANY PROVISION OF THIS AGREEMENT OR OF ANY OTHER LOAN DOCUMENT, IT IS THE EXPRESS INTENTION OF THE PARTIES HERETO THAT EACH PERSON TO BE INDEMNIFIED UNDER THIS SECTION SHALL BE INDEMNIFIED FROM AND HELD HARMLESS AGAINST ANY AND ALL LOSSES, LIABILITIES, CLAIMS, DAMAGES, PENALTIES, JUDGMENTS, DISBURSEMENTS, COSTS, AND EXPENSES (INCLUDING ATTORNEYS' FEES) ARISING OUT OF OR RESULTING FROM THE SOLE CONTRIBUTORY OR ORDINARY NEGLIGENCE OF SUCH PERSON OR ARISING IN STRICT LIABILITY; provided that such indemnity shall not, as to any Indemnitee, be available to the extent such losses, liabilities, claims, damages, penalties, judgments, disbursements, costs and expenses (x) are determined by a court of competent jurisdiction by final and nonappealable judgment to have resulted from the gross negligence or willful misconduct of such Indemnitee, or (y) result from a claim brought by Borrower against an Indemnitee for breach in bad faith of such Indemnitee's obligations hereunder or under any other Loan Document, if Borrower has obtained a final and nonappealable judgment in its favor on such claim as determined by a court of competent jurisdiction.
Section 11.3 Limitation of Liability . Neither Lender nor any Affiliate, officer, director, employee, attorney, or agent of Lender shall have any liability with respect to, and Borrower hereby waives, releases, and agrees not to sue any of them upon, any claim for any special, indirect, incidental, or consequential damages suffered or incurred by Borrower in connection with, arising out of, or in any way related to, this Agreement or any of the other Loan Documents, or any of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement or any of the other Loan Documents. Borrower hereby waives, releases, and agrees not to sue Lender or any of Lender's Affiliates, officers, directors, employees, attorneys, or agents for
41 |
punitive damages in respect of any claim in connection with, arising out of, or in any way related to, this Agreement or any of the other Loan Documents, or any of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement or any of the other Loan Documents.
Section 11.4 No Duty . All attorneys, accountants, appraisers, and other professional Persons and consultants retained by Lender shall have the right to act exclusively in the interest of Lender and shall have no duty of disclosure, duty of loyalty, duty of care, or other duty or obligation of any type or nature whatsoever to Borrower or any of Borrower’s shareholders or any other Person.
Section 11.5 Lender Not Fiduciary . The relationship between Borrower and Lender is solely that of debtor and creditor, and Lender has no fiduciary or other special relationship with Borrower, and no term or condition of any of the Loan Documents shall be construed so as to deem the relationship between Borrower and Lender to be other than that of debtor and creditor.
Section 11.6 Equitable Relief . Borrower recognizes that in the event Borrower fails to pay, perform, observe, or discharge any or all of the Obligations, any remedy at law may prove to be inadequate relief to Lender. Borrower therefore agrees that Lender, if Lender so requests, shall be entitled to temporary and permanent injunctive relief in any such case without the necessity of proving actual damages.
Section 11.7 No Waiver; Cumulative Remedies . No failure on the part of Lender to exercise and no delay in exercising, and no course of dealing with respect to, any right, power, or privilege under this Agreement shall operate as a waiver thereof, nor shall any single or partial exercise of any right, power, or privilege under this Agreement preclude any other or further exercise thereof or the exercise of any other right, power, or privilege. The rights and remedies provided for in this Agreement and the other Loan Documents are cumulative and not exclusive of any rights and remedies provided by law.
Section 11.8 Successors and Assigns . This Agreement is binding upon and shall inure to the benefit of Lender and Borrower and their respective successors and assigns, except that Borrower may not assign or transfer any of its rights or obligations under this Agreement without the prior written consent of Lender. Lender may assign all or any portion of its rights, obligations and interest under this Agreement at any time with the consent of Borrower (such consent not to be unreasonably withheld or delayed); provided however that Lender may assign all or any portion of its rights, obligations and interest under this Agreement without the consent of Borrower (a) to an Affiliate or the successor entity which retains Lender’s interest in this Agreement after the occurrence of an Organic Change with respect to Lender, (b) to other syndicate lenders so long as Lender remains the lead agent for the syndicate under this Agreement, and (c) after the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default.
Section 11.9 Survival . All representations and warranties made in this Agreement or any other Loan Document or in any document, statement, or certificate furnished in connection with this Agreement shall survive the execution and delivery of this Agreement and the other Loan Documents, and no investigation by Lender or any closing shall affect the representations and warranties or the right of Lender to rely upon them. Without prejudice to the survival of any other obligation of Borrower hereunder, the obligations of Borrower under Sections 11.1, and 11.2 shall survive repayment of the Note and termination of the Revolving Commitment.
Section 11.10 ENTIRE AGREEMENT; AMENDMENT . THIS AGREEMENT, THE NOTE, AND THE OTHER LOAN DOCUMENTS REFERRED TO HEREIN EMBODY THE FINAL, ENTIRE AGREEMENT AMONG THE PARTIES HERETO AND SUPERSEDE ANY AND ALL PRIOR COMMITMENTS, AGREEMENTS, REPRESENTATIONS, AND UNDERSTANDINGS, WHETHER WRITTEN OR ORAL, RELATING TO THE SUBJECT MATTER HEREOF AND MAY NOT BE CONTRADICTED OR VARIED BY EVIDENCE OF PRIOR, CONTEMPORANEOUS, OR
42 |
SUBSEQUENT ORAL AGREEMENTS OR DISCUSSIONS OF THE PARTIES HERETO. THERE ARE NO ORAL AGREEMENTS AMONG THE PARTIES HERETO. The provisions of this Agreement and the other Loan Documents to which Borrower is a party may be amended or waived only by an instrument in writing signed by the parties hereto.
Section 11.11 Notices . Except in the case of notices and other communications expressly permitted to be given by telephone, all notices and other communications provided for hereunder shall be in writing (including by facsimile transmission) and mailed, faxed or delivered, to the address, facsimile number or subject to the last sentence hereof electronic mail address specified for notices below the signatures hereon or to such other address as shall be designated by such party in a notice to the other parties. All such other notices and other communications shall be deemed to have been given or made upon the earliest to occur of (i) actual receipt by the intended recipient or (ii) (A) if delivered by hand or courier, when signed for by the designated recipient; (B) if delivered by mail, four business days after deposit in the mail, postage prepaid; (C) if delivered by facsimile when sent and receipt has been confirmed by telephone; and (D) if delivered by electronic mail (which form of delivery is subject to the provisions of the last sentence below) when delivered; provided , however , that notices and other communications pursuant to Article II shall not be effective until actually received by Lender. Electronic mail and intranet websites may be used only to (1) distribute routine communications, such as financial statements and other information, (2) provide notice pursuant to Section 4.3 , and (3) to distribute Loan Documents for execution by the parties thereto, and may not be used for any other purpose.
Section 11.12 Governing Law; Venue; Service of Process . This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of Texas and the applicable laws of the United States of America. This Agreement has been entered into in Dallas County, Texas, and it shall be performable for all purposes in Dallas County, Texas. Any action or proceeding against Borrower under or in connection with any of the Loan Documents may be brought in any state or federal court in Dallas County, Texas. Borrower hereby irrevocably (a) submits to the nonexclusive jurisdiction of such courts, and (b) waives any objection it may now or hereafter have as to the venue of any such action or proceeding brought in any such court or that any such court is an inconvenient forum. Borrower agrees that service of process upon it may be made by certified or registered mail, return receipt requested, at its address specified or determined in accordance with the provisions of Section 11.11 . Nothing herein or in any of the other Loan Documents shall affect the right of Lender to serve process in any other manner permitted by law or shall limit the right of Lender to bring any action or proceeding against Borrower or with respect to any of its property in courts in other jurisdictions. Any action or proceeding by Borrower against Lender shall be brought only in a court located in Dallas County, Texas.
Section 11.13 Counterparts . This Agreement may be executed in one or more counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original, but all of which together shall constitute one and the same instrument. Delivery of an executed counterpart of a signature page of this Agreement by facsimile or other electronic imaging means (e.g. “pdf” or “tif”) shall be effective as delivery of a manually executed counterpart of this Agreement.
Section 11.14 Severability . Any provision of this Agreement held by a court of competent jurisdiction to be invalid or unenforceable shall not impair or invalidate the remainder of this Agreement and the effect thereof shall be confined to the provision held to be invalid or illegal.
Section 11.15 Headings . The headings, captions, and arrangements used in this Agreement are for convenience only and shall not affect the interpretation of this Agreement.
Section 11.16 Participations; Etc. Lender shall have the right at any time and from time to time to (at Lender’s cost and expense) grant participations in, and sell and transfer (subject to Section 11.8 ), the Obligations and any Loan Documents. Each actual or proposed participant or assignee, as the case
43 |
may be, shall be entitled to receive all information received by Lender regarding Borrower including, without limitation, information required to be disclosed to a participant or assignee pursuant to Banking Circular 181 (Rev., August 2, 1984), issued by the Comptroller of the Currency (whether the actual or proposed participant or assignee is subject to the circular or not). Subject to the provisions of Section 11.8 above, Lender shall have the right, at Lender’s sole cost and expense, to syndicate and/or assign all or part of the Obligations under the Loan Documents and Borrower acknowledges and agrees that: (a) the commencement and/or completion of any syndication and/or assignment shall occur in the sole discretion of Lender; and (b) Borrower shall cooperate with Lender in connection with any syndication and/or assignment of the Obligations under the Loan Documents.
Section 11.17 Construction . Borrower and Lender acknowledge that each of them has had the benefit of legal counsel of its own choice and has been afforded an opportunity to review this Agreement and the other Loan Documents with its legal counsel and that this Agreement and the other Loan Documents shall be construed as if jointly drafted by Borrower and Lender.
Section 11.18 Independence of Covenants . All covenants hereunder shall be given independent effect so that if a particular action or condition is not permitted by any of such covenants, the fact that it would be permitted by an exception to, or be otherwise within the limitations of, another covenant shall not avoid the occurrence of a Default if such action is taken or such condition exists.
Section 11.19 WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL . EACH PARTY HERETO HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES, TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, ALL RIGHT TO A TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY ACTION, PROCEEDING, OR COUNTERCLAIM (WHETHER BASED UPON CONTRACT, TORT, OR OTHERWISE) ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO ANY OF THE LOAN DOCUMENTS OR THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED THEREBY OR THE ACTIONS OF LENDER IN THE NEGOTIATION, ADMINISTRATION, OR ENFORCEMENT THEREOF.
Section 11.20 Reserved .
Section 11.21 Additional Interest Provision . It is expressly stipulated and agreed to be the intent of Borrower and Lender at all times to comply strictly with the applicable Texas law governing the maximum rate or amount of interest payable on the indebtedness evidenced by any Note, any Loan Document, and the Related Indebtedness (or applicable United States federal law to the extent that it permits Lender to contract for, charge, take, reserve or receive a greater amount of interest than under Texas law). If the applicable law is ever judicially interpreted so as to render usurious any amount (i) contracted for, charged, taken, reserved or received pursuant to any Note, any of the other Loan Documents or any other communication or writing by or between Borrower and Lender related to the transaction or transactions that are the subject matter of the Loan Documents, (ii) contracted for, charged, taken, reserved or received by reason of Lender's exercise of the option to accelerate the maturity of any Note and/or any and all indebtedness paid or payable by Borrower to Lender pursuant to any Loan Document other than any Note (such other indebtedness being referred to in this Section as the “ Related Indebtedness ”), or (iii) Borrower will have paid or Lender will have received by reason of any voluntary prepayment by Borrower of any Note and/or the Related Indebtedness, then it is Borrower’s and Lender's express intent that all amounts charged in excess of the Maximum Lawful Rate shall be automatically canceled, ab initio , and all amounts in excess of the Maximum Lawful Rate theretofore collected by Lender shall be credited on the principal balance of any Note and/or the Related Indebtedness (or, if any Note and all Related Indebtedness have been or would thereby be paid in full, refunded to Borrower), and the provisions of any Note and the other Loan Documents shall immediately be deemed reformed and the amounts thereafter collectible hereunder and thereunder reduced, without the necessity of the execution of any new document, so as to comply with the applicable law, but so as to permit the recovery of the fullest amount otherwise called for hereunder and thereunder; provided, however, if any Note has been paid in
44 |
full before the end of the stated term of any such Note, then Borrower and Lender agree that Lender shall, with reasonable promptness after Lender discovers or is advised by Borrower that interest was received in an amount in excess of the Maximum Lawful Rate, either refund such excess interest to Borrower and/or credit such excess interest against such Note and/or any Related Indebtedness then owing by Borrower to Lender. Borrower hereby agrees that as a condition precedent to any claim seeking usury penalties against Lender, Borrower will provide written notice to Lender, advising Lender in reasonable detail of the nature and amount of the violation, and Lender shall have sixty (60) days after receipt of such notice in which to correct such usury violation, if any, by either refunding such excess interest to Borrower or crediting such excess interest against the Note to which the alleged violation relates and/or the Related Indebtedness then owing by Borrower to Lender. All sums contracted for, charged, taken, reserved or received by Lender for the use, forbearance or detention of any debt evidenced by any Note and/or the Related Indebtedness shall, to the extent permitted by applicable law, be amortized or spread, using the actuarial method, throughout the stated term of such Note and/or the Related Indebtedness (including any and all renewal and extension periods) until payment in full so that the rate or amount of interest on account of any Note and/or the Related Indebtedness does not exceed the Maximum Lawful Rate from time to time in effect and applicable to such Note and/or the Related Indebtedness for so long as debt is outstanding. In no event shall the provisions of Chapter 346 of the Texas Finance Code (which regulates certain revolving credit loan accounts and revolving triparty accounts) apply to this Note and/or any of the Related Indebtedness. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein or in any of the other Loan Documents, it is not the intention of Lender to accelerate the maturity of any interest that has not accrued at the time of such acceleration or to collect unearned interest at the time of such acceleration.
Section 11.22 Ceiling Election . To the extent that Lender is relying on Chapter 303 of the Texas Finance Code to determine the Maximum Lawful Rate payable on any such Note and/or any other portion of the Indebtedness, Lender will utilize the weekly ceiling from time to time in effect as provided in such Chapter 303, as amended. To the extent United States federal law permits Lender to contract for, charge, take, receive or reserve a greater amount of interest than under Texas law, Lender will rely on United States federal law instead of such Chapter 303 for the purpose of determining the Maximum Lawful Rate. Additionally, to the extent permitted by applicable law now or hereafter in effect, Lender may, at its option and from time to time, utilize any other method of establishing the Maximum Lawful Rate under such Chapter 303 or under other applicable law by giving notice, if required, to Borrower as provided by applicable law now or hereafter in effect.
[Signature Pages Follow.]
45 |
IN WITNESS WHEREOF , the parties hereto have duly executed this Agreement as of the day and year first above written.
BORROWER
:
VERTICAL CAPITAL INCOME FUND
By: /s/
Name: Michael Cohen
Title: President
Address for Notices for Borrower
:
14675 Dallas Parkway, Suite 600
Dallas, TX 75254
Fax No.: 214-655-1610
Telephone No.: 469-341-2405
Attention: David Aisner
e-mail: daisner@behringermail.com
46 |
LENDER
:
NEXBANK SSB
By: /s/
Name: Wayne Spencer
Title: SVP
Address for Notices :
2515 McKinney Avenue
Suite 1100
Dallas, Texas 75201
Telephone No.: 972-934-4700
Attention: Jeff Kocher
e-mail: Jeff.Kocher@nexbank.com
47 |
INDEX TO EXHIBITS
Exhibit | Description of Exhibit | Section | ||||||
A | Advance Request Form | 1.1 | ||||||
B | Loan Detail (Clayton) | 1.1 | ||||||
C | Form of Allonge |
4.1B(i)
|
||||||
D | Form of Assignment of Lien | 1.1 | ||||||
E | Borrowing Base Report | 1.1 | ||||||
F | Compliance Certificate | 1.1 |
INDEX TO SCHEDULES
Description of Schedules | Article/Section | |||
Material Guarantees | 6.2 | |||
Deposit Accounts | 6.27 | |||
Existing Debt | 8.1 | |||
Existing Liens | 8.2 | |||
Transactions with Affiliates | 8.7 |
48 |
Schedule 6.2
Material Guarantees
NONE.
49 |
Schedule 6.27
Deposit Accounts
Deposit Account U.S. Bank Account Number __-___
50 |
Schedule 8.1
Existing Debt of Borrower
NONE.
51 |
Schedule 8.2
Existing Liens of Borrower
NONE.
52 |
Schedule 8.7
Transactions With Affiliates
NONE.
53 |
EXHIBIT A
REVOLVING LINE OF CREDIT ADVANCE REQUEST FORM
Dated as of [ ]
1. Submission Pursuant To Loan Agreement and Note. This Revolving Line of Credit Advance Request Form is executed and delivered by Vertical Capital Income Fund, a Delaware statutory trust (“ Borrower ”), to NexBank SSB (“ Lender ”), pursuant to that certain Loan Agreement dated as of July 20, 2018, between Borrower and Lender (the “ Loan Agreement ”) and the Note defined therein. Capitalized terms used herein shall, unless otherwise indicated, have the respective meanings assigned to them in the Loan Agreement.
2. Request For Revolving Line of Credit Advance. Borrower requests that Lender make a Revolving Line of Credit Advance to Borrower pursuant to the Loan Agreement and the
Note in an amount equal to: $_________________ .
Borrower hereby represents, warrants and certifies
that (i) Borrower has not (and will not have as a result of this Revolving Line of Credit Advance Request Form) made a request
for a Revolving Line of Credit Advance more than two (2) times this calendar month, and (ii) after giving effect to the Revolving
Line of Credit Advance herein requested, the aggregate principal amount of Revolving Line of Credit Advances outstanding shall
not exceed the
lesser of
(x) the Facility Amount and (y) the Aggregate Borrowing Base at such time.
3. Representations, Warranties and Certifications. Borrower hereby represents, warrants, and certifies to Lender that, as of the date of the Revolving Line of Credit Advance requested herein:
(a) No Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing, or would result from or after giving effect to the Revolving Line of Credit Advance.
(b) As of the date of the Revolving Line of Credit Advance requested herein, all of the representations and warranties contained in Article VI of the Loan Agreement and in the other Loan Documents are (i) with respect to representations and warranties that contain a materiality qualification, true and correct on and as of the date of such Revolving Line of Credit Advance, and (ii) with respect to representations and warranties that do not contain a materiality qualification, are true and correct in all material respects on and as of the date of such Revolving Line of Credit Advance, in each case with the same force and effect as if such representations and warranties had been made on and as of such date, except to the extent that such representations and warranties specifically refer to an earlier date, in which case they shall be true and correct in all material respects (or in the case of such representations and warranties that contain a materiality qualification, in all respects) as of such earlier date).
(c) Borrower has delivered to Lender the most recent Subservicing Remittance Package and the Mortgage Industry Advisory Corporation reports with respect to the current market value of the related Mortgaged Properties and Eligible Mortgage Loans.
(d) No statement, information, report, representation, or warranty furnished to Lender in connection with the Collateral Package delivered with respect to each Mortgage Loan contains any untrue statement of a material fact or omits to state any material fact necessary to make the statements herein or therein not misleading. There is no fact known to Borrower which has a material adverse effect, or which might in the future have a material adverse effect, on the documents contained in the Collateral Package that has not been disclosed in writing to Lender.
54 |
(e) No Material Adverse Event has occurred and no circumstance exists that could be a Material Adverse Event.
(f) Lender or Custodian has received a Collateral Package for each Mortgage Loan and an Eligible Vendor or Custodian, as applicable, has (i) with respect to each Mortgage Loan, inventoried such Collateral Package for each Mortgage Loan and provided a report of the contents of such Collateral Package to Lender and (ii) with respect to each Eligible Mortgage Loan, confirmed to Lender that all items in the Collateral Package have been received.
(g) Each of the conditions specified in Article V of the Credit Agreement with respect to such Revolving Line of Credit Advance will be satisfied as of the date of the Revolving Line of Credit Advance requested herein.
(h) Attached hereto is a true and correct copy of a Borrowing Base Report, setting forth the Aggregate Borrowing Base as of the date hereof.
4. Execution Authorized. This Revolving Line of Credit Advance Request Form is executed as of the date first set forth above by a Responsible Officer of Borrower. The undersigned, in such capacity, hereby certifies each and every matter contained herein to be true and correct.
VERTICAL CAPITAL INCOME FUND
By:
Name:
Title:
55 |
EXHIBIT B
LOAN DETAIL
Loan | Servicer | Original Note | Borrower First | Borrower Last | Property |
Number | Loan ID | Amount | Name | Name | Street |
Address |
56 |
EXHIBIT C
FORM OF ALLONGE
Note Allonge
For purposes of further endorsement of the following described Note, this allonge is affixed and becomes a permanent part of said Note.
Note Date:
Note Amount: $
Borrower:
Property Address:
Pay to the order of:
WITHOUT RECOURSE
Vertical Capital Income Fund
By: |
Authorized Person |
57 |
EXHIBIT D
FORM OF ASSIGNMENT OF LIEN
When Recorded Return To :
NexBank SSB
2515 McKinney Avenue, Suite 1100
Dallas, TX 75201
Attention: Loan Department
ASSIGNMENT OF LIEN
FOR VALUE RECEIVED , the undersigned (“ Assignor ”), with an address of
_______________________________________________________
hereby assigns and transfers to
NEXBANK SSB
(“
Assignee
”), with an address of 2515 McKinney Avenue, Suite 1100, Dallas, TX 75201, its
successors and assigns,
WITHOUT RECOURSE
, the undersigned’s interest in and to that
certain_____________________________________________________________________ dated
as of _____________________________________________________________ , and recorded on
in
___________________________________________________________________ , Page
____________________________________________________________________ in the Office
of the______________________________________________________________________ , with
respect to the property described on Exhibit A attached hereto, located at the address of
_____________________________________________ .
The foregoing assignment is being made in
connection with that certain Loan Agreement executed by and among Assignor and Assignee, dated July 20, 2018.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF , the undersigned has executed this Assignment of Lien as of
___________ , 20__.
VERTICAL CAPITAL INCOME FUND
By:
Name:________________________ Title:
58 |
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
STATE OF ______________________________ §
§
COUNTY OF ____________________________ §
The foregoing instrument was ACKNOWLEDGED before me this _____ day of
, 20__, by , the
of VERTICAL CAPITAL INCOME FUND, a Delaware statutory trust, on behalf of said corporation.
[S E A L]
Notary Public, State of
My Commission Expires:
Printed Name of Notary Public
59 |
EXHIBIT A TO ASSIGNMENT OF LIEN
PREMISES (LEGAL DESCRIPTION)
Property Description:
Street Address :
County of :
State of :
60 |
EXHIBIT E
BORROWING BASE REPORT
FOR MONTH ENDED:________________________ (THE “ SUBJECT MONTH ”)
LENDER: NEXBANK SSB
BORROWER: VERTICAL CAPITAL INCOME FUND, a Delaware statutory trust
This Borrowing Base Report (this “ Certificate ”) is delivered under the Loan Agreement (the “ Loan Agreement ”) dated as of July 20, 2018, between Borrower and Lender. Capitalized terms used in this Certificate shall, unless otherwise indicated, have the meanings set forth in the Loan Agreement. The undersigned hereby certifies to Lender as of the date hereof that (a) he/she is a Responsible Officer of Borrower, and that, as such, he/she is authorized to execute and deliver this Borrowing Base Report to Lender on behalf of Borrower, (b) no Event of Default or potential Default has occurred and is continuing, (c) a review of the activities of Borrower during the Subject Month has been made under the undersigned’s supervision with a view to determining the amount of the current Aggregate Borrowing Base, (d) the Eligible Mortgage Loans and Revolving Credit Advances included in the Borrowing Base below meet all conditions to qualify for inclusion therein as set forth in the Loan Agreement, and all representations and warranties set forth in the Loan Agreement with respect thereto are true and correct in all material respects, and (e) the information set forth below (and attached hereto) is true and correct as of the last day of the Subject Month.
Aggregate Borrowing Base
(See Attached Supporting
Documentation)
1. | The attached supporting documentation lists, for each Eligible Mortgage Loan: (a) the unpaid principal balance of such Eligible Mortgage Loan at the date of determination, (b) the Mortgage Industry Advisory |
Corporation property valuations and
loan valuations, (c) whether the
loan is in foreclosure, (d) whether the loan is (i) subject to bankruptcy
protection, (ii) a negative amortization loan, (iii) a second lien loan, (iv)
a home equity line of credit or similar loan, or (v) a reverse mortgage,
(e) the mortgagor’s name, (f) the loan number, (g) the loan servicer ID
number, (h) the original loan amount, (i) the date of the applicable
Mortgage Note, (j) the maturity date, (k) property address for the
Mortgaged Property, (l) the original interest rate, (m) the current interest
rate, (n) principal payment amount, (o) first payment date, (p) next
payment due date, (q) total amount of interest paid to date, (r) the date
the most recent payment was received, (s) the date through which
interest has been paid, and (t) calculation of the Eligible Mortgage Loan
Borrowing Base attributable thereto.
2. | Eligible Mortgage Loan Borrowing Base |
(For each Eligible Mortgage Loan, an
amount equal to seventy-five
percent (75%) of the lesser of (a) the unpaid principal balance of such
Eligible Mortgage Loan as of such date; (b) eighty percent (80%) of the
61 |
value of the underlying Property as
determined by reference to the latest
Mortgage Industry Advisory Corporation reporting on the current market
value thereof; or (c) the value of such Eligible Mortgage Loan as
determined by reference to the latest Mortgage Industry Advisory
Corporation reporting on the current market value thereof)
3. | Aggregate Borrowing Base |
(The sum of the Eligible Mortgage Loan Borrowing Base for each
Eligible Mortgage Loan at the date of determination) $
4. The outstanding principal balance of the Revolving Credit Advances
5. TOTAL NET BORROWING AVAILABILITY
(Line 3 minus Line 4)
( If result is a negative figure, this amount is due immediately as a
principal
payment.)
62 |
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned has executed this Borrowing Base Report as of , _____.
VERTICAL CAPITAL INCOME FUND
By:
Name:
Title:
63 |
EXHIBIT F
COMPLIANCE CERTIFICATE
LENDER: NEXBANK SSB
BORROWER: VERTICAL CAPITAL INCOME FUND, a Delaware statutory trust Today’s Date:
Reporting Period Ended:_____________________ (the “ Reporting Period ”)
This Compliance Certificate (this “ Certificate ”) is delivered under the Loan Agreement (the “ Loan Agreement ”) dated as of July 20, 2018 among Borrower and Lender. Capitalized terms used in this Certificate shall, unless otherwise indicated, have the meanings set forth in the Loan Agreement. The undersigned hereby certifies to Lender as of the date hereof that: (a) he is a Responsible Officer of Borrower, and that, as such, he is authorized to execute and deliver this Certificate to Lender on behalf of Borrower; (b) he has reviewed and is familiar with the terms of the Loan Agreement and has made, or has caused to be made under his/her supervision, a detailed review of the transactions and condition (financial or otherwise) of Borrower during the Reporting Period; (c) during the Reporting Period, Borrower performed and observed each covenant and condition of the Loan Documents applicable to it and no Default currently exists or has occurred which has not been cured or waived by Lender; (d) the representations and warranties of Borrower contained in the Loan Agreement, and any representations and warranties of Borrower that are contained in any document furnished at any time under or in connection with the Loan Documents, are true and correct on and as of the date hereof, except to the extent that such representations and warranties specifically refer to an earlier date, in which case they are true and correct as of such earlier date; (e) the financial statements of Borrower attached to this Certificate were prepared in accordance with GAAP, and present, on a consolidated basis, fairly and accurately the financial condition and results of operations of Borrower and its Subsidiaries as of the end of and for the Reporting Period; (f) the financial covenant analyses and information set forth below are true and accurate on and as of the date of this Certificate; and (g) Borrower is in compliance with the representations, warranties and covenants of the Loan Agreement set forth below at the end of the Reporting Period, unless otherwise indicated herein:
1. Financial Statements and Reports
(a) | Provide annual audited FYE financial statements and a Compliance Certificate within 70 days after the last day of each fiscal year. |
(b) | Provide quarterly financial statements within 45 days after the end of each of the first and third fiscal quarter of Borrower and 70 days after the end of the second fiscal quarter of Borrower. |
(c) | Provide quarterly Compliance Certificate concurrently with the applicable annual audited FYE financial statements and quarterly financial statements. |
(d) | Provide a Borrowing Base Report within 15 days after the last day of each month |
(e) | Provide other required reporting timely. |
64 |
2. Subsidiaries
None, except as listed on Schedule 6.14 of the Loan Agreement.
3. Debt
Provide a list of all Debt of Borrower incurred during the Reporting Period.
4. Liens
None with respect to the Collateral, other than as permitted under the Loan
Agreement.
5. Mergers
None, except those permitted by Section 8.3 of the Loan Agreement.
6. Restricted Payments
None, except as permitted by Section 8.4 of the Loan Agreement.
(if applicable, Dollar amount during Reporting Period: $___ )
7. Loans and Investments
None, except as permitted by Section 8.5 of the Loan Agreement.
8. Issuance of Equity
None, except issuances permitted by Section 8.6 of the Loan Agreement.
9. Affiliate Transactions
None, except transactions permitted by Section 8.7 of the Loan Agreement.
10. Dispositions of Assets
None, except dispositions permitted by Section 8.8 of the Loan Agreement.
11. Prepayment of Debt
None, except as permitted by Section 8.9 of the Loan Agreement.
12. Changes in Nature of Business
None, except changes permitted by Section 8.10 of the Loan Agreement.
13. Environmental Protection
No activity that has or would cause violations of Environmental Laws or
create any Environmental Liabilities.
14. Changes in Fiscal Year; Accounting Practices
None, except transactions permitted by Section 8.12 of the Loan Agreement.
15. No Negative Pledge
None, except those permitted by Section 8.13 of the Loan Agreement.
16. Total Debt to Net Worth Ratio
At any time, the Total Debt to Net Worth Ratio of Borrower shall not be
more than 0.5:1.0.
Total Debt to Net Worth Ratio =
65 |
17. Liquidity
At any time, the Liquidity of Borrower shall not be less than greater of
(a) 5% of the aggregate amount of all Revolving Line of Credit Advances outstanding at the time of calculation, or
(b) $500,000.
Liquidity =
18. Debt Service Coverage Ratio
As of the last day of each fiscal quarter of Borrower, Debt Service Coverage Ratio of Borrower shall be at least 1.75:1.0
Debit Service Coverage Ratio =
19. Minimum Assets to Liabilities Ratio
At any time, the ratio total assets of Borrower to the total liabilities of Borrower shall not be greater than 3.0:1.0.
Assets to Liability Ratio =
20. Possession of Custodian
Mortgage Files with respect to Eligible Mortgage Loans with an aggregate Eligible Loan Borrowing Base value of greater than $10,000,000 are not outside of the possession of Custodian.
(Eligible Loan Borrowing Base value of Eligible Mortgage Loans that are
outside of the possession of Custodian: $_____ )
If Borrower is not in compliance with any of the representations, warranties or covenants listed above, provide an explanation below:
66 |
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned has executed this Certificate as of____________________ ,
_____.
VERTICAL CAPITAL INCOME FUND
By:
Name:
Title:
67 |
EXHIBIT G
FORM OF LOST NOTE AFFIDAVIT
STATE OF §
§ KNOW ALL MEN BY THESE PRESENTS:
COUNTY OF §
The undersigned, being duly sworn and deposed, does hereby state as follows:
1. |
is an officer of Vertical Capital Income Fund (“
Vertical
”), which
is the current holder of the Note (as defined below), and has personal knowledge of the facts set out in this affidavit. |
2. | On [DATE], [BORROWER] (“ Borrower ”) did execute and deliver 1 an original Note (the “ Note ”) |
in the original principal amount
of $
[ ]
, payable to the order of
[ ]
(“
Lender
”), which Note was assigned to Vertical. A copy of the Note is attached hereto as
Exhibit
A
.
3. | No other person or entity has any right, title, interest or claim in the Note except for the Vertical. |
4. | Neither Vertical nor its agent is currently able to locate the original Note after a diligent search has been made or has any present knowledge as to the location of the original Note, and the Vertical therefore believes that the original Note has been inadvertently lost or destroyed. |
5. | The undersigned hereby certifies that the Note has not been assigned, endorsed, conveyed, pledged or otherwise disposed of in any manner by or on behalf of Vertical or its agent. |
6. | In the event that the original Note is located, the undersigned acknowledges that such original Note shall be of no force and effect, and the undersigned does hereby indemnify the immediate subsequent holder of the Note from and against any loss, cost, damage or expense (including reasonable legal fees) incurred by the immediate subsequent holder of the Note if any person or entity attempts to enforce the Note or any other reason relating to the loss of the original Note. |
7. | The undersigned has full right, power and authority to execute this Lost Note Affidavit, and Borrower, the immediate subsequent holder of the Note or their respective successors and assigns are justified in relying on the statements made herein. |
1 If the Note has been assumed, please include assumption details.
68 |
Executed to be effective as of the ___ day of_________ , 20__.
VERTICAL CAPITAL INCOME FUND
By:_
Name:
Title:
STATE OF §
§
COUNTY OF §
Before me, a Notary Public, on this day personally appeared __________________________ ,
known to me to be the person and officer whose name is subscribed to the foregoing instrument and acknowledged to me that the same was the act of Vertical Capital Income Fund, and that he has executed the same on behalf of said corporation for the purposes and consideration therein expressed, and in the capacity therein stated.
Given under my hand and seal of office this ___ day of ____________, 20__.
(PERSONALIZED SEAL) Notary Public
69 |
4840-0234-7601 v.10 [Signature page to Lost Note Affidavit]
70 |
EXHIBIT A
(see attached)
TRI-PARTY AGREEMENT
among
NEXBANK
SSB
as Lender
VERTICAL
CAPITAL INCOME FUND
as Borrower
and
U.S.
Bank National Association
as Custodian
Dated as of July 20, 2018
Table of Contents
Page
Section 1. Definitions . | 1 |
Section 2. Delivery of Mortgage File; Trust Receipt . | 4 |
Section 3. Obligations of Custodian . | 5 |
Section 4. Release of Mortgage Files . | 6 |
Section 5. Fees and Expenses of Custodian . | 6 |
Section 6. Removal or Resignation of Custodian . | 7 |
Section 7. Examination of Mortgage Files . | 7 |
Section 8. Insurance of Custodian . | 8 |
Section 9. Representations, Warranties and Covenants . | 8 |
Section 10. Statements . | 9 |
Section 11. No Adverse Interest of Custodian . | 9 |
Section 12. Indemnification . | 9 |
Section 13. Concerning Custodian . | 10 |
Section 14. Termination of Security Interest; Term of Tri-Party Agreement . | 12 |
Section 15. Notices . | 12 |
Section 16. Governing Law . | 13 |
Section 17. Authorized Representatives . | 13 |
Section 18. Amendment . | 13 |
Section 19. Cumulative Rights . | 13 |
Section 20. Binding Upon Successors . | 14 |
Section 21. Entire Agreement; Severability . | 14 |
Section 22. Execution In Counterparts . | 14 |
Section 23. Assignment by Lender . | 14 |
Section 24. Transmission of Mortgage Files . | 14 |
Section 25. Confidentiality . | 15 |
Section 26. Effective Waiver . | 15 |
Section 27. Actions Necessary to Preserve Rights under Mortgage Loan Documents . | 15 |
Section 28. Other Business . | 16 |
Section 29. Miscellaneous . | 16 |
ANNEXES
ANNEX 1 REQUIRED FIELDS FOR MORTGAGE LOAN SCHEDULE
ANNEX 2 FORM OF TRUST RECEIPT
ANNEX 3 REQUEST FOR RELEASE
ANNEX 4 AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVES OF LENDER
ANNEX 5 AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVES OF BORROWER
ANNEX 6 AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVES OF CUSTODIAN
ANNEX 7 FORM OF LOST NOTE AFFIDAVIT
ANNEX 8 NOTICE OF ASSIGNMENT
ANNEX 9 MORTGAGE FILE REVIEW PROCEDURES
ANNEX 10 LENDER NOTICE TO CUSTODIAN OF EVENT OF DEFAULT
ANNEX 11 MORTGAGE LOAN DOCUMENTS
ANNEX 12 FORM OF LENDER’S RELEASE
ANNEX 13 COPY OF LOAN AGREEMENT
ANNEX 14 FORM OF BAILEE LETTER
ANNEX 15 EXCEPTION CODES
TRI-PARTY AGREEMENT
TRI-PARTY AGREEMENT (as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified and in effect from time to time, this “ Tri-Party Agreement ”) dated as of July 20, 2018, made by and among:
(i) | vertical Capital income fund (“ Borrower ”); |
(ii) | U.S. Bank National Association , as custodian for Borrower (in such capacity, the “ Custodian ”); and |
(iii) | NEXBANK SSB , as Lender (“ Lender ”). |
RECITALS
WHEREAS, Borrower and Lender are parties to that certain Loan Agreement attached hereto as Annex 13 , dated as of the date hereof (as it may be amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified and in effect from time to time, the “ Loan Agreement ”), pursuant to which Lender may agree, subject to the terms and conditions of the Loan Agreement, to make advances to Borrower, which advances are secured by the Mortgage Loans.
WHEREAS, the parties hereto desire to execute and deliver this Tri-Party Agreement to provide for the appointment of the Custodian as custodian.
WHEREAS, Custodian is a national banking association, is otherwise authorized to act as Custodian pursuant to this Tri-Party Agreement, and has agreed to act as custodian for Borrower, all as more particularly set forth herein.
WHEREAS, Borrower shall from time to time deliver Mortgage Loans to Custodian that are subject to the Loan Agreement, and Borrower has agreed to deliver or cause to be delivered to Custodian certain documents with respect to the Mortgage Loans pledged by Borrower to Lender pursuant to the Loan Agreement in accordance with the terms and conditions hereof.
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual agreements and covenants herein contained, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, the parties to this Tri-Party Agreement hereby agree as follows:
Section 1. Definitions .
Unless otherwise defined herein, terms defined in the Loan Agreement shall have their respective assigned meanings when used herein, and the following terms shall have the following meanings:
“ Affiliate ” means, as to any Person, any other Person (a) that directly or indirectly, through one or more intermediaries, controls or is controlled by, or is under common control with, such Person; (b) that directly or indirectly beneficially owns or holds five percent (5%) or more of any class of voting stock of such Person; or (c) five percent (5%) or more of the voting stock of such Person is directly or indirectly beneficially owned or held by such other Person in question. The term “control” means the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause direction of the management and policies of a Person, whether through the ownership of voting securities, by contract, or otherwise; provided , however , in no event shall Lender be deemed an Affiliate of Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries or Affiliates.
“ Anti-Money Laundering Law ” shall have the meaning specified in Section 13(i) hereof.
1 |
“ Assignee ” shall have the meaning specified in Section 23 hereof.
“ Assignment of Mortgage ” shall mean, with respect to any Mortgage, an assignment of the Mortgage, notice of transfer or equivalent instrument executed by Borrower and in recordable form, sufficient under the laws of the jurisdiction wherein the related Mortgaged Property is located to reflect the assignment of the Mortgage to Lender.
“ Authorized Representative ” shall have the meaning specified in Section 17 hereof.
“ Bailee ” means a third party bailee that holds Mortgage Files as bailee in connection with the release of Mortgage Loans pursuant to Section 4(a) hereof.
“ Bailee Letter ” means a bailee letter substantially in the form attached as Annex 14 hereto (or such other form and substance as approved by Lender).
“ Bankruptcy Code ” means the United States Bankruptcy Code of 1978, as amended from time to time.
“ Business Day ” shall mean a weekday, Monday through Friday, except a legal holiday or a day on which banking institutions in Dallas, Texas, the State of New York, or the city or state in which the Custodian’s offices are located, are authorized or required by law to be closed. Unless otherwise provided, the term “days” when used herein means calendar days.
“ Confidential Information ” shall have the meaning specified in Section 25 hereof.
“ Custodial Delivery Failure ” shall mean the Custodian’s failure to produce, within five (5) Business Days of Custodian’s receipt of a Request for Release therefor or Lender’s written request or instruction related thereto, any Note payable or endorsed to Borrower and endorsed by Borrower in blank in an allonge, or any other document related to a Mortgage Loan that was in Custodian’s possession (as evidenced by Custodian’s previous delivery of a Custodian Loan Transmission and Trust Receipt) unless such failure was the result of Custodian having already released such document from its custody pursuant to a prior Request for Release.
“ Custodian Loan Transmission ” shall mean in the case of each Mortgage Loan, a computer-readable transmission containing the following information to be delivered by the Custodian to Lender pursuant to this Tri-Party Agreement: the Mortgage Loan number, the Mortgagor’s name, codes indicating Exceptions and, with respect to any Mortgage Files which have been released to Borrower or a Mortgage Loan Purchaser (or Bailee) as described in Section 4(a) hereof pursuant to a Request for Release in the form of Annex 3 hereto, the date such Mortgage Files were released and to whom they were released.
“ Event of Default ” shall have the meaning set forth in the Loan Agreement.
“ Exception ” shall mean, with respect to any Non-Legacy Mortgage Loan, (a) any Exception identified on Annex 15 hereto or as otherwise reasonably determined by Lender and provided that the Lender has notified the Custodian via email transmission of such determination; or (b) with respect to which a Responsible Officer of the Custodian receives written notice or has actual knowledge of a lien or security interest in favor of a Person other than Lender with respect to such Non-Legacy Mortgage Loan.
“ Exception Report ” shall mean a list of Non-Legacy Mortgage Loans, in a format mutually acceptable to Lender, the Custodian and Borrower, delivered by the Custodian to Lender and Borrower in an electronic format, reflecting the Non-Legacy Mortgage Loans held by the Custodian for the benefit of
2 |
Lender, which includes codes as described in Annex 15 hereto indicating any Exceptions with respect to each Non-Legacy Mortgage Loan listed thereon. Each Exception Report shall set forth (a) the Non-Legacy Mortgage Loans, and (b) all Exceptions with respect thereto, with any updates thereto from the time last delivered.
“ Fannie Mae ” shall mean the Federal National Mortgage Association or any successor thereto.
“ Freddie Mac ” shall mean the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation or any successor thereto.
“ Ginnie Mae ” shall mean the Government National Mortgage Association or any successor thereto.
“ Governmental Authority ” means any nation or government, any state or political subdivision thereof and any entity exercising executive, legislative, judicial, regulatory, or administrative functions of or pertaining to government.
“ Inventory Report ” shall mean a report delivered by Custodian to Lender listing any and all files, documents, instruments, certificates or other records received by Custodian with respect to each Legacy Mortgage Loan.
“ Legacy Mortgage Loan ” shall mean any Mortgage Loan owned by Borrower and previously held in custody for and on behalf of Borrower by MUFG Union Bank, N.A., a national banking association, which shall consist solely of those Mortgage Loans delivered to Custodian on July 5, 2018.
“ Lender Notice ” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 4(d) hereof.
“ Lender’s Release ” shall mean a letter executed by Lender and submitted by Borrower to a Mortgage Loan Purchaser, specifying the terms for releasing Lender’s interest in one or more Mortgage Loans and substantially in the form of Annex 12 hereto.
“ Mortgage ” shall mean with respect to a Mortgage Loan, the mortgage, deed of trust or other instrument, which creates a first lien on the fee simple estate in such real property which secures the Note.
“ Mortgage File ” shall mean, as to each Mortgage Loan, those Mortgage Loan Documents that are delivered to the Custodian or which at any time come into the possession of the Custodian.
“ Mortgage File Review Procedures ” means the mortgage file review procedures set forth on Annex 9 .
“ Mortgage Loan ” shall mean any mortgage loan pledged (or to be pledged) by Borrower under the Loan Agreement that the Custodian has been instructed to hold pursuant to the terms and conditions of this Tri-Party Agreement and which Mortgage Loan includes, without limitation, (i) the documents comprising the Mortgage File and (ii) all right, title and interest of the related Mortgagor in and to the Mortgaged Property covered by such Mortgage. Any reference herein to a “Mortgage Loan” shall include both Legacy Mortgage Loans and Non-Legacy Mortgage Loans, unless otherwise specified.
“ Mortgage Loan Documents ” shall mean, with respect to a Mortgage Loan, the documents listed on Annex 11 .
“ Mortgage Loan Purchaser ” shall mean any third party that is not an Affiliate of Borrower which has entered into a Purchase Agreement for the purchase of Mortgage Loans.
3 |
“ Mortgage Loan Schedule ” shall mean a computer-readable transmission in a standardized text format delivered by Borrower to Lender and the Custodian incorporating the fields identified on Annex 1 hereto or as otherwise mutually agreed upon by Lender, Borrower and the Custodian.
“ Mortgaged Property ” shall mean the real property (including all improvements, buildings, fixtures, building equipment and personal property thereon and all additions, alterations and replacements made at any time with respect to the foregoing) and all other collateral securing repayment of the debt evidenced by a Note.
“ Mortgagor ” shall mean the obligor or obligors on a Note, including any person who has assumed or guaranteed the obligations of the obligor thereunder.
“ Non-Legacy Mortgage Loan ” shall mean any Mortgage Loan held by Custodian hereunder that is not a Legacy Mortgage Loan.
“ Note ” shall mean, with respect to any Mortgage Loan, the related promissory note together with all riders thereto and amendments thereof or other evidence of indebtedness of the related Mortgagor.
“ Person ” means any individual, corporation, limited liability company, trust, association, company, partnership, joint venture, Governmental Authority (or any agency, instrumentality or political subdivision thereof) or other entity.
“ Purchase Agreement ” shall mean an agreement of a Mortgage Loan Purchaser to buy one or more identified Mortgage Loans from Borrower.
“ Request for Release ” shall have the meaning specified in Section 4(a) hereof.
“ Required Mortgage Loan Documents ” shall mean:
(i) the original Note, bearing all intervening endorsements from the originator to the last endorsee, endorsed in blank in an allonge (or if the original Note has been lost or destroyed, a copy of such Note together with a lost note affidavit);
(ii) the original recorded Mortgage or a copy of the recorded Mortgage with evidence of recording thereon;
(iii) a complete chain of original recorded mortgage assignments with evidence of recording thereon or copies stamp certified by an authorized officer of Borrower evidencing all intervening assignments from the originator of the Mortgage Loan to Borrower;
(iv) an original Assignment of Mortgage for each Mortgage Loan executed by Borrower “in blank” or to NexBank SSB, notarized and acceptable for recording but not recorded; provided that the Assignment of Mortgage is not required to include: (A) identifying recordation information which matches the recording information that appears on the Mortgage or (B) the legal description of the property subject to such Mortgage ; and
(v) the original or a copy of the mortgagee title insurance policy (or a commitment for title insurance, if the policy is being held by the title insurance company pending recordation on the Mortgage) or attorney’s opinion of title.
“ Responsible Officer ” shall mean any vice president, assistant vice president, trust officer or any other officer of the Custodian customarily performing functions similar to those performed by any of the
4 |
above designated officers and also means, with respect to a particular corporate trust matter, any other officer to whom such matter is referred because of his knowledge of and familiarity with the particular subject, in each case having direct responsibility for the administration of this Tri-Party Agreement.
“ Subsidiary ” means with respect to any Person, any corporation, partnership or other entity of which at least a majority of the securities or other ownership interests having by the terms thereof ordinary voting power to elect a majority of the board of directors or other persons performing similar functions of such corporation, partnership or other entity (irrespective of whether or not at the time securities or other ownership interests of any other class or classes of such corporation, partnership or other entity shall have or might have voting power by reason of the happening of any contingency) is at the time directly or indirectly owned or controlled by such Person or one or more Subsidiaries of such Person or by such Person and one or more Subsidiaries of such Person.
“ Termination and Release Date ” shall mean the date that Lender provides written notice to Custodian this Tri-Party Agreement has been terminated.
“ Trust Receipt ” shall mean a trust receipt in the form annexed hereto as Annex 2 , delivered to Lender by the Custodian covering the Mortgage Loans subject to this Tri-Party Agreement from time to time (which for the avoidance of doubt, includes Legacy Mortgage Loans).
Section 2. Delivery of Mortgage File; Trust Receipt .
(a) Borrower shall from time to time deliver Mortgage Files to the Custodian to be held hereunder, together with the related Mortgage Loan Schedule (with a copy of the Mortgage Loan Schedule delivered simultaneously to Lender), which shall be reviewed by the Custodian as provided in Section 7 . For the avoidance of doubt, the Custodian shall act solely in the capacity of custodian for Borrower until receipt of a Lender Notice, at which time the Custodian shall act solely in the capacity as custodian for Lender.
(b) The Custodian shall deliver to Lender via electronic transmission (with a copy to Borrower) a Trust Receipt, a Custodian Loan Transmission and an Exception Report within 10 days following the end of each calendar month. In addition, with respect to any Legacy Mortgage Loans received by Custodian from MUFG Union Bank, N.A., Custodian shall inventory such Legacy Mortgage Loans and deliver to Lender a Custodian Loan Transmission, Trust Receipt and Inventory Report representing and certifying to Lender that Custodian has received the following with respect to each such Legacy Mortgage Loan: (i) the original Note, properly payable or endorsed to Borrower and endorsed by Borrower “in blank” or to NexBank SSB in an allonge, (ii) an original Assignment of Mortgage executed by Borrower “in blank” or to NexBank SSB, and (iii) any and all other files, documents, instruments, certificates or other records listed in the Inventory Report (subsections (i) through (iii), collectively the “ Legacy Mortgage Loan Documents ”). For the avoidance of doubt, the Custodian shall have no obligation to review such Legacy Mortgage Loan Documents in accordance with any review criteria hereunder, and such Custodian Loan Transmission, Trust Receipt and Inventory Report shall be based solely on such inventory review.
(c) From time to time, Borrower shall forward to the Custodian additional original documents or additional documents evidencing any assumption, modification, consolidation or extension of a Mortgage Loan approved by Borrower, or other documents with respect to a Mortgage Loan, and upon receipt of any such other documents, the Custodian shall hold such other documents hereunder without any review of such documents.
(d) With respect to any documents which have been delivered or are being delivered to recording offices for recording and have not been returned to Borrower in time to permit their delivery
5 |
hereunder, Borrower shall deliver such original documents to the Custodian promptly when they are received if the related Mortgage Loan is then subject to this Tri-Party Agreement.
(e) The delivery of each Trust Receipt, Custodian Loan Transmission, Inventory Report and Exception Report shall be Custodian’s representation to Lender and Borrower that, (i) with respect to each Legacy Mortgage Loan referenced in the applicable Trust Receipt or Custodian Loan Transmission, the Legacy Mortgage Loan Documents with respect to such Legacy Mortgage Loan have been delivered to, and are in the possession of, the Custodian as part of the Mortgage File for such Legacy Mortgage Loan, and (ii) with respect to each Non-Legacy Mortgage Loan referenced in the applicable Trust Receipt or Custodian Loan Transmission, (A) all Required Mortgage Loan Documents with respect to such Non-Legacy Mortgage Loan have been delivered to, and are in the possession of, the Custodian as part of the Mortgage File for such Non-Legacy Mortgage Loan, unless otherwise reflected on the Exception Report and (B) all Required Mortgage Loan Documents in connection with such Non-Legacy Mortgage Loan have been reviewed by the Custodian in accordance with the Mortgage File Review Procedures and to satisfy the requirements set forth in Section 2 of this Tri-Party Agreement.
(f) In connection with any Trust Receipt delivered hereunder by the Custodian, the Custodian makes no representations as to and shall not be responsible to verify (A) the validity, legality, ownership, title, enforceability, due authorization, recordability, sufficiency, or genuineness of any of the documents contained in each Mortgage File or (B) the collectability, priority, perfection, insurability, effectiveness or suitability of any such Mortgage Loan. Borrower and Lender hereby give the Custodian notice that from and after the date of the Trust Receipt applicable to such Mortgage Loan, Lender shall be the secured party, and Lender shall have a security interest in, each Mortgage Loan until Custodian’s receipt of a written notice from Lender that this Tri-Party Agreement has been terminated.
Section 3. Obligations of Custodian .
(a) Other than as expressly provided in this Tri-Party Agreement, the Custodian shall maintain continuous custody of all items constituting the Mortgage Files in secure facilities in accordance with customary standards for such custody and shall reflect in its records the security interest of Lender therein. The Mortgage Loan Documents shall be maintained in fire resistant facilities.
(b) With respect to the documents constituting each Mortgage File, the Custodian shall make disposition thereof only in accordance with the terms of this Tri-Party Agreement.
(c) In the event that (i) Lender, Borrower or the Custodian shall be served by a third party with any type of levy, attachment, writ or court order with respect to any Mortgage File or any document included within a Mortgage File or (ii) a third party shall institute any court proceeding by which any Mortgage File or a document included within a Mortgage File shall be required to be delivered otherwise than in accordance with the provisions of this Tri-Party Agreement, the party receiving such service shall promptly, but in any event within two (2) Business Days, deliver or cause to be delivered to the other parties to this Tri-Party Agreement copies of all court papers, orders, documents and other materials concerning such proceedings. The Custodian shall, to the extent permitted by law or any court order continue to hold and maintain all the Mortgage Files that are the subject of such proceedings pending a final, non-appealable order of a court of competent jurisdiction permitting or directing disposition thereof. Upon final determination of such court, the Custodian shall dispose of such Mortgage File or any document included within such Mortgage File as directed by Borrower (or, after the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default, Lender) which shall give a direction consistent with such determination. Expenses of the Custodian (including reasonable attorneys’ fees and related expenses) incurred as a result of such proceedings shall be borne by Borrower.
Section 4. Release of Mortgage Files.
6 |
(a) From time to time until Custodian receives a Lender Notice, upon receipt by Custodian of a written notice to the Custodian and Lender, substantially in the form of Annex 3 hereto (a “ Request for Release ”), the Custodian is hereby authorized to release Mortgage Files relating to Mortgage Loans in the possession of the Custodian to (i) Borrower, temporarily, for the purposes of servicing or correcting documentary deficiencies relating to the Mortgage File, (ii) Borrower as appropriate for the foreclosure of any of the Mortgage Loans or to exercise any other enforcement rights under any of the Mortgage Loans, (iii) a Bailee (for purpose of review on behalf of a Mortgage Loan Purchaser), in each case pursuant to a Bailee Letter in the form attached hereto as Annex 14 , or (iv) Borrower upon payment in full of a Mortgage Loan by the related mortgagor; provided that, for the avoidance of doubt, Lender’s approval (as evidenced by Lender’s signature on the Request for Release) shall be required prior to any release of the Mortgage Files pursuant to foregoing subsections (iii) or (iv).
(b) Borrower hereby represents and warrants to Lender that any such request by Borrower for release of Mortgage Files shall be solely for the purposes set forth in the Request for Release and that Borrower has requested such release in compliance with all terms and conditions of such release set forth in the Loan Agreement.
(c) The Custodian shall keep track of any releases of Mortgage Files pursuant to this Section 4 and promptly notify Lender of the occurrence of each such release by updating the next Custodian Loan Transmission delivered hereunder.
(d) Upon the occurrence (after giving effect to any applicable cure periods) and during the continuance of an Event of Default under the Loan Documents, an Authorized Representative of Lender may, deliver a written notice to Custodian in the form of Annex 10 attached hereto (a “ Lender Notice ”) which may be accompanied by a Request for Release instructing the Custodian to deliver the Mortgage Files to Lender. Following receipt of a Lender Notice, Custodian agrees to only comply with instructions with respect to the Mortgage Files from Lender and will not comply with any instructions with respect to any of the Mortgage Files originated from Borrower or any other party.
(e) Borrower hereby covenants that Mortgage Files related to Eligible Mortgage Loans with an aggregate Eligible Mortgage Loan Borrowing Base value of greater than $10,000,000 will not be outside of possession of Custodian at any one time; provided, however , that the Custodian shall have no responsibility or obligation to determine or track such value.
(f) In the case of Mortgage Files released to a Bailee (for purpose of review of such Mortgage Files on behalf of a Mortgage Loan Purchaser), pursuant to Section 4(a)(iii) hereof, (i) Borrower covenants and agrees that (A) Borrower will attach to the Request for Release delivered to Lender and Custodian a Bailee Letter executed by Borrower with respect to such Mortgage Files, and (B) within one (1) Business Day of delivery of the Mortgage Files to such Mortgage Loan Purchaser, Borrower will deliver to Lender a copy of such Bailee Letter countersigned by the applicable Bailee and Mortgage Loan Purchaser, and (ii) upon delivery of any such Bailee Letter attached to a Request for Release, Custodian shall include such Bailee Letter (executed by Borrower) to the Bailee along with the delivery of the Mortgage Files in accordance with such Request for Release.
Section 5. Fees and Expenses of Custodian .
The Custodian shall charge such fees for its services under this Tri-Party Agreement as are set forth in a separate agreement between the Custodian and Borrower, the payment of which fees, together with the Custodian’s expenses incurred in connection herewith, shall be solely the obligation of Borrower. The obligations of Borrower under this Section 5 shall survive the termination of this Tri-Party
7 |
Agreement and the resignation or removal of the Custodian. Borrower shall be obligated to pay the fees and expenses of the Custodian (which fees and expenses shall be the same fees and expenses charged to Borrower prior to the termination of the Loan Agreement or Custodian’s receipt of a Lender Notice) that are incurred on and after the termination of the Loan Agreement or the Custodian’s receipt of a Lender Notice stating that the Loan Agreement is terminated.
Section 6. Removal or Resignation of Custodian .
(a) The Custodian may at any time resign and terminate its obligations under this Tri-Party Agreement upon at least sixty (60) days’ prior written notice to Borrower and Lender. Promptly after receipt of notice of the Custodian’s resignation, Borrower shall appoint, with Lender’s consent, which shall not be unreasonably withheld, by written instrument, a successor custodian. One (1) original counterpart of such instrument of appointment shall be delivered to each of Lender, Borrower, the Custodian and the successor custodian. If the successor Custodian shall not have been appointed within sixty (60) days of the Custodian’s providing such notice, Custodian may petition any court of competent jurisdiction to appoint a successor custodian; provided that , prior to such appointment, the Custodian shall continue to hold all Mortgage Files in accordance with the terms hereof and shall be entitled to such compensation therefor as is herein provided.
(b) Borrower, upon at least sixty (60) days’ prior written notice to the Custodian, may remove and discharge the Custodian (or any successor custodian thereafter appointed) from the performance of its obligations under this Custodial Agreement; provided, that if any representation or warranty in Section 9 in this Custodial Agreement ceases to be true and correct on any date of determination during the term of this Custodial Agreement (notwithstanding the fact that any such representation, warranty or covenant was true on the date hereof) or Custodian breaches any of its covenants set forth in this Tri-Party Agreement, Borrower may, upon the discovery of such default, immediately remove and discharge Custodian (or any successor custodian thereafter appointed). Notwithstanding the foregoing, absent Lender’s consent, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld, Borrower shall not remove or discharge any Custodian hereunder. If the successor Custodian shall not have been appointed within sixty (60) days of the Custodian’s receipt of such notice, Custodian may petition any court of competent jurisdiction to appoint a successor custodian; provided that , prior to such appointment, the Custodian shall continue to hold all Mortgage Files in accordance with the terms hereof and shall be entitled to such compensation therefor as is herein provided.
(c) In the event of any such resignation or removal of the Custodian, the Custodian shall promptly upon the simultaneous surrender of any outstanding physical Trust Receipts held by Lender and the payment of all outstanding fees and expenses of the Custodian, transfer to the successor custodian, as directed in writing, all the Mortgage Files being administered under this Tri-Party Agreement. The cost of the shipment of Mortgage Files arising out of the resignation of the Custodian shall be at the expense of the Custodian unless such resignation is due to the nonpayment of its fees and expenses hereunder, in which case such expense shall be paid by Borrower. Borrower shall be responsible for the fees and expenses of the successor custodian and the fees and expenses for endorsing the Notes and assigning the Mortgages to the successor custodian if required pursuant to this paragraph.
Section 7. Examination of Mortgage Files .
(a) Upon Custodian’s receipt of any Mortgage File related to a Non-Legacy Mortgage Loan, Custodian shall undertake the Mortgage File Review Procedures attached hereto as Annex 9 and prepare an Exception Report for Borrower and Lender detailing the conformance or non-conformance to such Mortgage File Review Procedures and whether or not all Required Mortgage Loan Documents have been received.
8 |
(b) Upon reasonable prior notice to the Custodian (which shall be two (2) Business Days or such shorter period of time agreed to by the Custodian and Lender) and at Borrower’s expense (in accordance with Section 6 hereto), no more than twice per calendar year ( provided however, that such twice per year limit shall not apply upon the occurrence and during the continuation of an Event of Default), Lender and each of their respective agents, accountants, attorneys and auditors will be permitted during normal business hours to examine the Mortgage Files, documents, records and other papers in the possession of or under the control of the Custodian relating to any or all of the Mortgage Loans. The Borrower shall be responsible for any expenses in connection with such inspection. Any such inspection shall be subject to the procedures of the Custodian. In addition, and not in limitation of the foregoing, the Borrower shall indemnify and hold the Custodian harmless from all claims, costs, expenses, losses and damages incurred by the Custodian as a result of the damage, loss or misplacement of any Mortgage Files or Mortgage Loan Documents or other papers contained in the Mortgage Files while in the possession of the Lender (or its auditors or agents).
Section 8. Insurance of Custodian .
The Custodian shall, at its own expense, maintain at all times during the existence of this Tri-Party Agreement and keep in full force and effect insurance in amounts, with standard coverages and subject to deductibles, as are customary for insurance typically maintained by banks that act as the custodian of residential mortgage loan documents, which coverages shall include, without limitation, fidelity insurance, theft of documents insurance, forgery insurance and errors and omissions insurance. Upon written request from Borrower or Lender, the Custodian shall provide evidence (which evidence may be in the form of a certificate of the related insurer) that such insurance is in full force and effect.
Section 9. Representations, Warranties and Covenants .
The Custodian represents and warrants to, and covenants with, Borrower and Lender that as of the date hereof:
(i) The Custodian is (y) a national banking association duly chartered, validly existing and in good standing under laws of the United States of America, and (z) duly qualified and in good standing and in possession of all requisite authority, power, licenses, permits and franchises in order to execute, deliver and comply with its obligations under the terms of this Tri-Party Agreement.
(ii) The Custodian has all requisite right, power and authority to execute and deliver this Tri-Party Agreement and to perform all of its duties as the Custodian hereunder.
(iii) The execution, delivery and performance of this Tri-Party Agreement have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action on the part of the Custodian, and neither the execution and delivery of this Tri-Party Agreement by the Custodian in the manner contemplated herein nor the Custodian’s performance of and compliance with the terms hereof will violate, contravene or create a default under any charter document or bylaw of the Custodian.
(iv) Neither the execution and delivery of this Tri-Party Agreement by the Custodian, nor its performance of and compliance with its obligations and covenants hereunder, require the consent or approval of any Governmental Authority or, if such consent or approval is required, it has been obtained.
(v) This Tri-Party Agreement, when executed and delivered by the Custodian, will constitute valid, legal and binding obligations of the Custodian, enforceable against the Custodian in accordance with their respective terms, except as the enforcement thereof may be limited by
9 |
applicable debtor relief laws and that certain equitable remedies may not be available regardless of whether enforcement is sought in equity or at law.
(vi) The Custodian is not an Affiliate of Borrower or Lender.
(vii) The Custodian is not a Mortgagor under any Mortgage Loan.
(viii) The Custodian is a national banking association organized and doing business under the laws of the United States of America or of any State, shall be authorized under such laws to exercise corporate trust powers, subject to supervision or examination by the United States of America or any such State, and has (A) a short-term, unsecured debt rated at least P-1 by Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. (or such lower rating as may be acceptable to Borrower and Lender) and (y) a short-term deposit rating of at least A-1 from Standard & Poor’s Ratings Services (or such lower rating as may be acceptable to Borrower and Lender).
(ix) The Custodian has a combined capital and surplus of at least $50,000,000 as set forth in its then most recent published annual report of condition.
Section 10. Statements .
Upon the request of Lender or Borrower or as required by Section 2(b) , the Custodian shall provide Lender or Borrower, as applicable, with a list of all the Mortgage Loans for which the Custodian holds a Mortgage File pursuant to this Tri-Party Agreement. Such list shall be in the form of a Custodian Loan Transmission.
Section 11. No Adverse Interest of Custodian .
By execution of this Tri-Party Agreement, the Custodian represents and warrants that it currently holds, and during the existence of this Tri-Party Agreement shall hold, no adverse interest, by way of security or otherwise, in any Mortgage Loan, and hereby waives and releases any such interest which it may have in any Mortgage Loan as of the date hereof. The Mortgage Loans shall not be subject to any security interest, lien or right to set-off by the Custodian or any third party claiming through the Custodian, and the Custodian shall not pledge, encumber, hypothecate, transfer, dispose of, or otherwise grant any third party interest in, the Mortgage Loans.
Section 12. Indemnification .
(a) Borrower agrees to indemnify and hold harmless the Custodian and its respective directors, officers, employees, agents, designees, successors and assigns from and against any and all liabilities, obligations, damages, penalties, claims, actions, judgments, suits, disbursements, losses, costs and expenses of any kind or nature, including reasonable fees and expenses of legal counsel, court costs and costs of appeal arising from or connected with, the Custodian’s execution and performance of this Tri-Party Agreement, its participation in any transaction contemplated hereby, or the relationship between the Custodian and Borrower created hereby, including but not limited to the claims of any third parties against the Custodian and including any claim or legal action commenced by the Custodian to enforce this indemnification obligation, except to the extent such loss, liability or expense results from the gross negligence, bad faith or willful misconduct on the part of the Custodian. The foregoing indemnification obligations shall survive the termination of this Tri-Party Agreement and the resignation or removal of the Custodian hereunder.
(b) Custodian agrees to indemnify and hold Borrower and Lender, and their respective directors, officers, trustees, employees and agents harmless from and against any and all losses, liabilities,
10 |
obligations, damages, penalties, actions, judgments, suits, claims, costs, expenses (including attorneys’ fees and expenses (including any legal fees and expenses in connection with the enforcement of the indemnification rights granted by this Section 12(b) ), disbursements or any and all other costs and expenses of any kind or nature whatsoever that may be incurred in connection with a Custodial Delivery Failure.
Section 13. Concerning Custodian .
The acceptance by the Custodian of its appointment hereunder is expressly subject to the following terms, which shall govern and apply to each of the terms and provisions of this Tri-Party Agreement (whether or not so stated herein).
(a) In the absence of bad faith on the part of the Custodian, the Custodian may conclusively rely, as to the truth of the statements and the correctness of the opinions expressed therein, upon any request, instruction, certificate, opinion or other document furnished to the Custodian reasonably believed by the Custodian to be genuine and to have been signed or presented by the proper party or parties and conforming to the requirements of this Tri-Party Agreement; but in the case of any Mortgage Loan Document or other request, instruction, document or certificate which by any provision hereof is specifically required to be furnished to the Custodian, the Custodian shall be under a duty to examine the same in accordance with the requirements of this Tri-Party Agreement.
(b) The Custodian undertakes to perform such duties and only such duties as are specifically set forth in this Tri-Party Agreement. The Custodian shall not have any duties or responsibilities except those expressly set forth in this Tri-Party Agreement. No implied duties, obligations or responsibilities shall be read into this Tri-Party Agreement against, or on the part of, the Custodian. Any permissive right of the Custodian to take any action hereunder shall not be construed as a duty. In the event that any provision of this Agreement implies or requires that action or forbearance be taken by a party, but is silent as to which party has the duty to act or refrain from acting, the parties agree that the Custodian shall not be the party required to take action or refrain from acting.
(c) The Custodian shall not be liable for any error of judgment, for any act done or step taken or omitted to be taken by it, made in good faith by an officer or officers of the Custodian unless such error in judgment constitutes negligence or willful misconduct on the part of the Custodian; provided that, notwithstanding the foregoing or anything in this Agreement to the contrary, Custodian shall be liable for its failure to review any Required Mortgage Loan Document in accordance with the Mortgage File Review Procedures and; provided further that nothing in this Section 13(c) shall limit Custodian’s indemnification obligations pursuant to Section 12(b) hereof. In no event shall the Custodian or its directors, Affiliates, officers, agents and employees be held liable for any lost profits or exemplary, punitive, special, indirect or consequential damages of any kind resulting from any action taken or omitted to be taken by it or them hereunder or in connection herewith even if advised of the likelihood or possibility of such damages.
(d) The Custodian shall not be liable with respect to any action taken or omitted to be taken by it in good faith, taken and believed by it to be within powers conferred upon it hereunder, or taken or omitted to be taken in accordance with any direction of Borrower or Lender given under this Tri-Party Agreement or omitted to be taken by it by reason of the lack of direction required hereby for such action.
(e) None of the provisions of this Tri-Party Agreement shall require the Custodian to expend or risk its own funds or otherwise to incur any liability, financial or otherwise, in the performance of any of its duties hereunder, or in the exercise of any of its rights or powers if it shall have reasonable grounds for believing that repayment of such funds or indemnity satisfactory to it against such risk or liability is not assured to it. For all purposes of this Tri-Party Agreement, the Custodian may rely conclusively on
11 |
any written notice from the Lender as to the existence of an Event of Default that is continuing under the Loan Agreement and shall not be deemed to have knowledge thereof in the absence of such written notice. In the event of any question or dispute as to the terms and conditions of the Loan Agreement, the Custodian may rely conclusively on any written determination or direction furnished to it by Lender. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Custodian shall not be required to follow any direction of Lender with respect to actions to be taken after the occurrence of a Default or Event of Default by Borrower if the Custodian reasonably believes that such directions would cause it to incur any liability, loss, cost or expense (including legal fees and expenses), other than costs or expenses that are incurred in the ordinary course of the Custodian’s performance of its obligations hereunder unless Lender has furnished the Custodian with indemnification satisfactory to it.
(f) Any entity into which the Custodian may be merged or converted or with which it may be consolidated, or any entity resulting from any merger, conversion or consolidation to which the Custodian shall be a party, or any entity succeeding to the business of the Custodian shall be the successor of the Custodian hereunder without the execution or filing of any paper with any parties hereto or any further act on the part of any of the parties hereto except where an instrument or transfer or assignment is required by law to effect such succession, anything herein to the contrary notwithstanding.
(g) For all purposes of this Tri-Party Agreement, the Custodian may rely conclusively on any Lender Notice or other written direction or instruction from Lender. In the event of any question or dispute as to the terms and conditions of the Loan Agreement, the Custodian may rely conclusively on any written determination or direction furnished to it by Lender.
(h) If the Custodian requests instructions from Lender with respect to any action or failure to act in connection with items not otherwise addressed in this Tri-Party Agreement, the Custodian shall be entitled to refrain from taking such action and continue to refrain from acting unless and until the Custodian shall have received written instructions from Lender without incurring any liability therefore. The Lender shall hold the Custodian harmless from any liability, loss, cost or expense (including legal fees and expenses), incurred by the Custodian solely in connection with the performance of actions directed to be taken by Lender following the Lender's delivery to Custodian of a Lender Notice and only to the extent such liability, loss, cost or expense (including legal fees and expenses) are not reimbursed to the Custodian by the Borrower within thirty (30) days of a written request by Custodian. Notwithstanding the foregoing, such indemnity shall not relieve the Borrower of any its obligations under this Tri-Party Agreement, including any indemnity obligations.
(i) In order to comply with laws, rules, regulations and executive orders in effect from time to time applicable to banking institutions, including those relating to the funding of terrorist activities and money laundering (“ Anti-Money Laundering Law ”), the Custodian is required to obtain, verify and record certain information relating to individuals and entities which maintain a business relationship with the Custodian. Accordingly, each of the parties agrees to provide to the Custodian upon its request from time to time such identifying information and documentation as may be available for such party in order to enable the Custodian to comply with Anti-Money Laundering Laws.
(j) Without prejudice to the generality of the foregoing, the Custodian shall be without liability to the Lender and Borrower for any damage or loss resulting from or caused by events or circumstances beyond the Custodian’s reasonable control including nationalization, expropriation, currency restrictions, the interruption, disruption or suspension of the normal procedures and practices of any securities market, power, mechanical, communications or other technological failures or interruptions, computer viruses or the like, fires, floods, earthquakes or other natural disasters, civil and military disturbance, acts of war or terrorism, riots, revolution, acts of God, work stoppages, strikes, national disasters of any kind, or other similar events or acts; errors by the Lender or Borrower (including
12 |
any Authorized Representative) in its instructions to the Custodian; or changes in applicable law, regulation or orders.
(k) The Custodian makes no representations as to and shall not be responsible for or required to verify (A) the validity, legality, enforceability, due authorization, effectiveness, recordability, insurability, sufficiency, value, form, substance, or genuineness of any of the documents contained in any Mortgage File or (B) the collectability, insurability, validity, transferability, insurability, value, effectiveness, perfection, priority or suitability of any Mortgage File or any document contained therein.
(l) The Custodian shall not be deemed to have notice of any fact, claim or demand with respect hereto unless actually known by a Responsible Officer of the Custodian or unless (and then only to the extent received) Custodian has received notice in writing in accordance with Section 15 herein and specifically referencing this Tri-Party Agreement. Any other provision of this Tri-Party Agreement to the contrary notwithstanding, the Custodian shall have no notice of and shall not be bound by any of the terms and conditions of any other document or agreement unless the Custodian is a signatory party to that document or agreement, including, without limitation, the Loan Agreement.
(m) The Custodian shall be under no obligation to verify the authenticity of any signature on any of the documents received or examined by it in connection with this Tri-Party Agreement or the authority or capacity of any person to execute or issue such document, except as provided in Section 17 of this Tri-Party Agreement with respect to Authorized Representatives; shall have no duty to ascertain whether or not any cash amount or payment has been received by Borrower, Lender or any third person and shall not be required to perform any cash movement functions in relation to this Tri-Party Agreement; and shall not be required to value or produce a report detailing the value of the Mortgage Files. The Custodian shall not be responsible for the preparation or filing of any reports or returns relating to federal, state or local income taxes with respect to this Tri-Party Agreement, other than in respect of the Custodian’s compensation or for reimbursement of expenses.
(n) Nothing in this Tri-Party Agreement shall be deemed to impose on the Custodian any duty to qualify to do business in any jurisdiction, other than (i) any jurisdiction where any Mortgage File is or may be held by the Custodian from time to time hereunder, and (ii) any jurisdiction where its ownership of property or conduct of business requires such qualification and where failure to qualify could have a material adverse effect on the Custodian or its property or business or on the ability of the Custodian to perform its duties hereunder.
(o) In the event that any provision of this Tri-Party Agreement implies or requires that action or forbearance be taken by a party, but is silent as to which party has the duty to act or refrain from acting, the parties agree that the Custodian shall not be the party required to take action or refrain from acting.
(p) The Custodian shall have no responsibility or duty with respect to any Mortgage Files while any such Mortgage Files are not in its possession, other than identifying them as released.
(q) The Custodian may consult with, and obtain advice from, legal counsel selected in good faith, with respect to any question as to any of the provisions hereof or its duties hereunder, or any matter relating hereto, and the opinion or advice of such counsel shall be full and complete authorization and protection in respect of any action taken, suffered, or omitted by the Custodian in good faith in accordance with the advice or opinion of such counsel; provided that the foregoing shall not in any way limit Custodian’s indemnification obligations pursuant to Section 12(b) hereof.
(r) The Custodian may act or exercise its duties or powers hereunder through agents or attorneys; provided , that the Custodian shall be responsible for the performance of all such duties and powers hereunder as if the Custodian were performing such duties or powers itself. Notwithstanding the
13 |
foregoing, the Custodian shall not incur any liability pursuant to Section 12(b) hereof for any Custodial Delivery Failure arising solely from the failure of a courier, overnight delivery service or other common carrier regularly engaged by the Custodian in the normal course of the Custodian’s business to timely deliver the subject document or documents so long as the Custodian timely remitted the subject document or documents into the custody of, and provided correct and complete delivery instructions to, such carrier.
The provisions of this Section 13 shall survive the termination of this Tri-Party Agreement and the resignation or removal of the Custodian.
Section 14. Termination of Security Interest; Term of Tri-Party Agreement .
(a) Upon the occurrence of delivery to Custodian of notice of the occurrence of the Termination and Release Date, Lender’s security interest in the Mortgage Loans shall terminate, without delivery of any other instrument or performance or any act by any party.
(b) Promptly after written notice from Lender of the occurrence of the Termination and Release Date and payment in full of amounts owing to the Custodian hereunder, the Custodian shall deliver all documents remaining in the Mortgage Files to Borrower (or its designee), and this Tri-Party Agreement shall thereupon terminate.
Section 15. Notices .
All demands, notices and communications hereunder shall be in writing and shall be deemed to have been duly given when received by the recipient party at the address for such party set forth in this Section 15 below, or at such other addresses as may hereafter be furnished to each of the other parties by like notice. Any such demand, notice or communication hereunder shall be deemed to have been received on the date delivered to or received at the premises of the addressee. Any demand, notice or communication hereunder shall be (i) sent by electronic transmission (including e-mail), (ii) delivered in person, or (iii) transmitted by a recognized private (overnight) courier service. Each party hereto agrees to notify each other party if its address should change.
If to Lender : Jeff Kocher
NexBank SSB
2515 McKinney Avenue, Suite 1100
Dallas,
Texas 75201
Jeff.Kocher@NexBank.com
With a copy to: NexBank Loan Operations
2515 McKinney Avenue, Suite 1100
Dallas, Texas 75201
nexbankloanoperation@nexbank.com
and to
Sarah Peterson
NexBank SSB
2515 McKinney Avenue, Suite 1100
Dallas, Texas 75201
sarah.peterson@nexbank.com
and to Sakina Foster
Haynes and Boone, LLP
14 |
2323 Victory Avenue, Suite 700
Dallas, Texas 75219
sakina.foster@haynesboone.com
If
to Borrower
: c/o Gemini Fund Services, LLC
80 Arkay Drive, Suite 110
Hauppauge, New York 11788
With
a copy to: c/o Oakline Advisors, LLC
15601 Dallas Parkway, Suite 600
Addison, TX 75001
If to Custodian : U.S. Bank National Association
4527 Metropolitan Ct. Ste C
Frederick, MD 21704
Attn: Private Certification / Maureen Bodine
Phone: (301) 874-4528
Email: maureen.bodine@usbank.com
Section 16. Governing Law .
This Tri-Party Agreement shall be construed in accordance with, and governed by the law of the State of New York, without giving effect to the conflict of laws principles thereof.
Section 17. Authorized Representatives .
Each individual designated as an authorized representative of Lender or their respective successors or assigns, Borrower and the Custodian, respectively (an “ Authorized Representative ”), is authorized to give and receive notices, requests and instructions and to deliver certificates and documents in connection with this Tri-Party Agreement on behalf of Lender, Borrower and the Custodian as the case may be, and the specimen signature for each such Authorized Representative, initially authorized hereunder, is set forth on Annexes 4 , 5 and 6 hereto, respectively. From time to time, Lender, Borrower, the Custodian or their respective successors or permitted assigns may, by delivering to the others a revised annex, change the information previously given pursuant to this Section 17 , but each of the parties hereto shall be entitled to rely conclusively on the then current annex until receipt of a superseding annex.
Section 18. Amendment .
This Tri-Party Agreement may be amended from time to time by written agreement signed by Borrower, Lender and the Custodian. The Custodian shall not be required to execute any amendment that adversely affects its rights, duties, indemnities or immunities hereunder.
The Custodian shall be given notice of any amendment to the Loan Agreement, and Annex 13 shall be replaced or supplemented with such amendment. Until such time as the Custodian receives an update to Annex 13, the Custodian shall be entitled to rely upon Annex 13 as the current form of Loan Agreement.
Section 19.
15 |
Cumulative Rights.
The rights, powers and remedies of the Custodian, Borrower and Lender under this Tri-Party Agreement shall be in addition to all rights, powers and remedies given to the Custodian, Borrower and Lender by virtue of any statute or rule of law, the Loan Agreement or any other agreement, all of which rights, powers and remedies shall be cumulative and may be exercised successively or concurrently without impairing Lender’s security interest in the Mortgage Loans.
Section 20. Binding Upon Successors .
All rights of the Custodian, Borrower and Lender under this Tri-Party Agreement shall inure to the benefit of the Custodian, Borrower and Lender and their successors and permitted assigns. No party hereto shall be permitted to assign its rights under this Tri-Party Agreement without the written consent of the other parties hereto, other than pursuant to Section 23 herein. This Tri-Party Agreement is not intended for, and shall not be construed to be intended for, the benefit of any third parties and may not be relied upon or enforced by any third parties.
Section 21. Entire Agreement; Severability .
THIS TRI-PARTY AGREEMENT CONTAINS THE ENTIRE AGREEMENT WITH RESPECT TO THE MORTGAGE LOANS AMONG CUSTODIAN, LENDER AND BORROWER AND MAY NOT BE CONTRADICTED BY EVIDENCE OF PRIOR, CONTEMPORANEOUS OR SUBSEQUENT ORAL AGREEMENTS OF THE PARTIES HERETO. THERE ARE NO UNWRITTEN ORAL AGREEMENTS BETWEEN THE PARTIES. If any of the provisions of this Tri-Party Agreement shall be held invalid or unenforceable, this Tri-Party Agreement shall be construed as if not containing such provisions, and the rights and obligations of the parties hereto shall be construed and enforced accordingly.
Section 22. Execution In Counterparts .
This Tri-Party Agreement may be executed by the parties hereto in separate counterparts, each of which when so executed and delivered shall be an original, but all such counterparts shall together constitute but one and the same instrument. The parties agree that this Tri-Party Agreement, any documents to be delivered pursuant to this Tri-Party Agreement and any notices hereunder may be transmitted between them by email. The parties intend that electronically imaged signatures such as .pdf files shall constitute original signatures and are binding on all parties.
Section 23. Assignment by Lender .
Subject in all respects to the Loan Documents, upon foreclosure by the Lender on the Mortgage Loans following an Event of Default and delivery of a Lender Notice to Custodian pursuant to Section 4(d) , Lender shall have free and unrestricted use of the Mortgage Loans, and all rights of Lender under the Loan Agreement (including under this Tri-Party Agreement) may be assigned by Lender, subject to the Loan Documents, to any assignee designated by Lender (each, an “ Assignee ”). Upon receipt of reasonable advance written notice to the Custodian of any such assignment in the form attached hereto as Annex 8 , with consent from Custodian which shall be solely with respect to the approval of such Assignee pursuant to the requirements and limitations of the Custodian’s “know your customer” rules that may be in effect from time to time, the Custodian shall mark its records to reflect the pledge or assignment of the Mortgage Loans by Lender to the Assignee. The Custodian’s records shall reflect the pledge or assignment of the Mortgage Loans by Lender to the Assignee until such time as the Custodian receives written instructions from Lender with consent from the Assignee that the Mortgage Loans are no longer pledged or assigned by Lender to the Assignee, at which time the Custodian shall change its
16 |
records to reflect the release of the pledge or assignment of the Mortgage Loans, and that the Custodian is holding the Mortgage Loans, as custodian for, and for the benefit of, Borrower.
Section 24. Transmission of Mortgage Files .
(a) Prior to any shipment of any Mortgage Files, or other Mortgage Loan Documents hereunder, Borrower shall deliver to the Custodian written instructions as to the method of shipment and shipper(s) the Custodian is to utilize in connection with the transmission of Mortgage Files or other Mortgage Loan Documents in the performance of the Custodian’s duties hereunder. Borrower shall arrange for the provision of such services at its sole cost and expense (or, at the Custodian’s option, reimburse the Custodian for all costs and expenses incurred by the Custodian consistent with such instructions) and will maintain such insurance against loss or damage to Mortgage Files or other Mortgage Loan Documents as Borrower deems appropriate. Without limiting the generality of the provisions of Section 12 above, it is expressly agreed that in no event shall the Custodian have any liability for any losses or damages to any person, including without limitation, Borrower, arising out of actions of the Custodian consistent with the instructions of Borrower. In the event the Custodian does not receive such written instructions, the Custodian shall be authorized and shall be indemnified as provided herein to utilize a nationally recognized courier service.
(b) Notwithstanding the foregoing, it is hereby expressly agreed that in the absence of express written instruction from Lender or Borrower, as the case may be, pursuant to the preceding terms, shipment may be made by the Custodian in any instance by means of any recognized overnight delivery or shipping service (it being hereby expressly acknowledged that United Parcel Service is one such recognized service, without implied limitation). All costs and risks of shipment shall be borne by Borrower, and it is hereby expressly agreed that in no event shall the Custodian have any liability for any losses or damages to any Person, arising out of actions of the Custodian consistent with the instructions of Lender or Borrower. Any costs of shipment that may be incurred or paid by the Custodian from time to time may be billed by the Custodian to Borrower on a monthly basis and shall be due and payable when billed in accordance with Section 5 .
Section 25. Confidentiality .
The parties hereto agree that they and their advisors, including legal counsel, shall not disclose to any other Person and shall keep confidential the terms and conditions of this Tri-Party Agreement (including fee arrangements) and any amendment, supplement, Annex, Schedule or Exhibit hereto (“ Confidential Information ”). In the event that any party hereto or its advisors breaches any provision of this section, then, in addition to any other rights and remedies available to the non-breaching party, a non-breaching party shall be entitled to temporary and permanent injunctive relief against the breaching party without the necessity of proving actual damages. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Confidential Information may be disclosed by a party to the extent that (i) such party reasonably deems necessary to do so in working with taxing authorities or other governmental agencies or regulatory bodies or in order to comply with any applicable laws, (ii) any portion of the Confidential Information is required by law or requested by judicial or regulatory or supervisory process to be disclosed, or (iii) such disclosure is necessary to establish, make effective or enforce Borrower’s or Lender’s rights, as applicable, in Mortgage Loans contained in the related Mortgage File held by the Custodian pursuant to this Tri-Party Agreement.
Section 26. Effective Waiver .
In no instance shall any delay or failure to act be deemed to be or effective as a waiver by any party of any right, power or term hereunder, unless and except to the extent such waiver is set forth in an expressly written instrument signed by the party against whom it is to be charged.
Section 27.
17 |
Actions Necessary to Preserve Rights under Mortgage Loan Documents.
Notwithstanding the delivery of Mortgage Files to the Custodian, each party hereto acknowledges that the Custodian shall have no obligation to (i) collect or enforce any Note or other document relating to any Mortgage File, (ii) take action to preserve or maintain the obligations of any party obligated under any Note or other document contained in such Mortgage File, (iii) take action to protect, preserve or safeguard the rights of Lender against any Person under any such document, or (iv) take action to obtain, preserve, safeguard, continue, perpetuate or enforce rights against any collateral which may secure repayment of any Note. Lender hereby expressly releases the Custodian from the obligation to take any such action.
Section 28. Other Business .
Nothing herein shall prevent the Custodian or any of its Affiliates from engaging in other business, or from entering into any other transaction or financial or other relationship with, or receiving fees from or from rendering services of any kind to Borrower, Lender or any other Person. Nothing contained in this Tri-Party Agreement shall constitute Borrower, Lender and/or the Custodian (and/or any other Person) as members of any partnership, joint venture, association, syndicate, unincorporated business or similar assignment as a result of or by virtue of the engagement or relationship established by this Tri-Party Agreement.
Section 29. Miscellaneous .
Each of the parties hereto hereby acknowledges receipt of the following notice:
“ IMPORTANT INFORMATION ABOUT PROCEDURES FOR OPENING A NEW ACCOUNT
To help the government fight the funding of terrorism and money laundering activities, Federal law requires all financial institutions to obtain, verify and record information that identifies each person who opens an account. For a non-individual person such as a business entity, a charity, a trust or other legal entity, the Custodian will ask for documentation to verify its formation and existence as a legal entity. The Custodian may also ask to see financial statements, licenses, identification and authorization documents from individuals claiming authority to represent the entity or other relevant documentation.”
[SIGNATURE PAGE FOLLOWS]
18 |
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, this Tri-Party Agreement was duly executed by the parties hereto as of the day and year first above written.
VERTICAL CAPITAL INCOME FUND, |
as Borrower |
By:/s/ |
Name: Michael Cohen |
Title: President |
U.S. BANK NATIONAL ASSOCIATION , as Custodian |
By:/s/ |
Name: Kenneth Brandt |
Title: Assistant Vice President |
NEXBANK SSB , as Lender |
By:/s/ |
Name: Wayne Spencer |
Title: SVP |
19 |
Annex 1
to Tri-Party Agreement
REQUIRED FIELDS FOR MORTGAGE LOAN SCHEDULE
Original Loan Amount |
Servicer Loan ID |
Property Address |
Investor Loan Number |
Borrower Name |
Origination Date |
Whether Loan is an Eligible Mortgage Loan under the Loan Agreement for borrowing base inclusion. |
20 |
Annex 2
to Tri-Party Agreement
________ Customer Code:____
FORM OF TRUST RECEIPT
Overnight
Courier Tracking No.______
# of Mortgage Loans:_______
Original Quantity $____
[ ]
Re: Tri-Party Agreement, dated as of July 20, 2018 (as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the “ Tri-Party Agreement ”), among VERTICAL CAPITAL INCOME FUND (“ Borrower ”), U.S. BANK NATIONAL ASSOCIATION , as custodian (the “ Custodian ”) and NEXBANK SSB (“ Lender ”).
Ladies and Gentlemen:
In accordance with the provisions of Section 2 of the above-referenced Tri-Party Agreement (capitalized terms not otherwise defined herein having the meanings ascribed to them in the Tri-Party Agreement), the undersigned, as the Custodian, hereby certifies as to each Mortgage Loan described in the attached Custodian Loan Transmission all matters set forth in Section 2 of the Tri-Party Agreement, subject to the limitation set forth in Section 2(f) of the Tri-Party Agreement.
The delivery of this Trust Receipt evidences that the Custodian is holding each Mortgage Loan identified on the Custodian Loan Transmission attached hereto, pursuant to the Tri-Party Agreement, as the agent of and custodian for Borrower.
The Custodian makes no representations as to, and shall not be responsible to verify, (i) the validity, legality, ownership, title, enforceability, due authorization, recordability, sufficiency, or genuineness of any of the documents contained in each Mortgage File or (ii) the collectability, priority, perfection, insurability, effectiveness or suitability of any such Mortgage Loan.
On each date the Custodian delivers to Lender a Trust Receipt, it shall supersede the Trust Receipt, previously delivered by the Custodian to Lender hereunder. The most recently delivered Trust Receipt shall control and be binding upon the parties hereto.
U.S. BANK NATIONAL ASSOCIATION , as Custodian
By: ______________________________
Name:
Title:
21 |
Annex 3
to Tri-Party Agreement
REQUEST FOR RELEASE
To: U.S. BANK NATIONAL ASSOCIATION , as Custodian
4527 Metropolitan Ct. Ste C
Frederick, MD 21704
Attn: Private Certification / Maureen Bodine
Email: maureen.bodine@usbank.com
Re: Release of Collateral File
In connection with the administration of the Mortgage Loans held by you, as Custodian , we request the release, and acknowledge receipt of the ( Mortgage File/ [specify document ]) for the Mortgage Loan described, for the reason indicated below.
Address to Which Mortgage File Should Be Delivered:
Obligor’s Name, Primary Borrower First and Last Name
Address and Zip Code: Property Address
Loan Number :
A. | Loan is an Eligible Mortgage Loan under the Loan Agreement (check one): Y ___ N ___ |
B. Reason for Requesting Documents (check one)
1. Loan Paid in Full
2. Loan Sold or Transferred pursuant to Section 4.3 of the Loan Agreement
3. Loan in Foreclosure, out for servicing, or Borrower is exercising remedies under such Mortgage Loan
4. Loan in possession of Borrower to correct documentary deficiencies.
5. Mortgage File related to such Mortgage Loan to be sent to Bailee (for purpose of review on behalf of a Mortgage Loan Purchaser), at the following address:
[Bailee] |
[Address] |
22 |
6. Other (explain)
If box 1, 2, or 5 above is checked, and if all or part of the Mortgage File was previously released to us, please release to us any and all additional documents in your possession relating to the above specified Mortgage Loan(s) [ INCLUDE IF BOX 1 OR 2 ABOVE IS CHECKED: and be advised that, if box 1 or 2 above is checked, Lender, by its signature below hereby releases all right, interest or claim of any kind with respect to the Mortgage Loan(s) referenced above].
VERTICAL CAPITAL INCOME FUND
By:
Name:
Title:
[ INCLUDE IF BOX 1, 2 OR 5 ABOVE IS CHECKED :
Acknowledged and Agreed:
NEXBANK SSB, as Lender |
By: |
Name: |
Title:] |
23 |
Annex 4
to Tri-Party Agreement
AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVES OF LENDER
Name |
Specimen Signature
|
Jeff Kocher, Vice President | _________________________ |
Bill Mansfield, Senior Vice President
|
_________________________ |
Rhett Miller, Executive Vice President and Chief Credit Officer
|
_________________________ |
Joon Kim, Vice President |
_________________________
|
Andrew Stack, Special Projects Manager
|
_________________________ |
Wayne Spencer, Senior Vice President | _________________________ |
24 |
Annex 5
to Tri-Party Agreement
AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVES OF BORROWER
Name | Specimen Signature |
David Aisner | _________________________ |
Katherine Hawkins | _________________________ |
25 |
Annex 6
to Tri-Party Agreement
AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVES OF custodian
Name
|
Specimen Signature |
_________________________ | _________________________ |
_________________________ | _________________________ |
_________________________ | _________________________ |
_________________________ | _________________________ |
26 |
Annex 7
to Tri-Party Agreement
FORM OF LOST NOTE AFFIDAVIT
I, as ___________________________ (title) (hereinafter called “ Deponent ”) of U.S. BANK NATIONAL ASSOCIATION , as custodian (in such capacity, the “ Custodian ”), am authorized to make this Lost Note Affidavit (this “ Affidavit ”) on behalf of the Custodian. Capitalized terms not otherwise defined herein are defined in that certain Tri-Party Agreement, dated as of July 20, 2018 (as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the “ Tri-Party Agreement ”), among VERTICAL CAPITAL INCOME FUND (“ Borrower ”), the Custodian and NEXBANK SSB (“ Lender ”). In connection with the administration of the Mortgage Loans held by the Custodian on behalf of Borrower, Deponent being duly sworn, deposes and says that:
1. Custodian’s address is:
______________________
______________________
2. Custodian previously delivered to Lender a Custodian Loan Transmission with respect to that certain Note in original form (the “ Original Note ”) made by ___ in an original principal balance of $___, secured by a Mortgage on a property located at____, which did not indicate such Original Note is missing. Capitalized terms not otherwise defined herein shall have the meanings assigned to such terms in the Tri-Party Agreement;
3. Such Original Note is not outstanding pursuant to a Request for Release;
4. Aforesaid Original Note has been lost;
5. Deponent has made or has caused to be made diligent search for the Original Note and has been unable to find or recover same;
6. The Custodian was the Custodian of the Original Note at the time of loss;
7. Deponent agrees that, if said Original Note should ever come into the Custodian’s possession, custody or power, the Custodian will immediately and without consideration surrender the Original Note to [Lender] [Borrower];
8. Attached hereto is a true and correct copy of (i) the Original Note, endorsed in blank by the Mortgagee, as provided by __________________________ or its designee and (ii) the Mortgage which secures the Note, which Note is recorded at __________________;
9. Deponent hereby agrees that the Custodian (a) shall indemnify and hold harmless the [Lender][Borrower] in accordance with Section 12 of the Tri-Party Agreement; and
27 |
10. This Affidavit is intended to be relied on by [Lender] [Borrower], its successors, and assigns and the Custodian represents and warrants that it has the authority to perform its obligations under this Affidavit.
EXECUTED THIS ____ day of _______, ____, on behalf of Custodian by:
|
___________________________________ |
Signature
|
___________________________________ |
Typed Name |
On this _________ day of _______________________, ____, before me appeared ____________________________________________, to me personally know, who being duly sworn did say that she/he is the ______________________________ of ______________________, and that said Lost Note Affidavit was signed and sealed on behalf of such corporation and said _____________________________ acknowledged this instrument to be the free act and deed of said corporation.
_____________________________________
Notary Public in and for the
State of ____________________________.
My Commission expires: _______________.
28 |
Annex 8
to Tri-Party Agreement
NOTICE OF ASSIGNMENT
To: __________________________
From: ____________________________
Date: ____________________________
You are hereby notified that as of [date] the undersigned has assigned all of its right, title and interest in and to the Mortgage Loans identified in the schedule attached hereto to [Assignee’s name and address]. You are hereby instructed to hold such Mortgage Loans pursuant to the terms of the Tri-Party Agreement, dated as of July 20, 2018 (as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the “ Tri-Party Agreement ”), among VERTICAL CAPITAL INCOME FUND (“ Borrower ”), U.S. BANK NATIONAL ASSOCIATION , as custodian (in such capacity, the “ Custodian ”) and NEXBANK SSB (“ Lender ”), for the sole and exclusive benefit of [name of Assignee] subject to the terms of the Tri-Party Agreement by which [name of Assignee] hereby agrees to be bound. Capitalized terms not otherwise defined are herein used with the meanings assigned to such terms in the Tri-Party Agreement.
When you have received written instructions from Lender with the Assignee’s consent thereon that the Mortgage Loans are no longer assigned by Lender to the Assignee, you shall change your records to reflect the release of the assignment or pledge of the Mortgage Loans and that you are holding the Mortgage Loans as custodian for, and for the benefit of, Borrower.
[_________________________]
|
By: |
Name: |
Title:
|
Date:
|
[NAME OF ASSIGNEE]
|
By: |
Name: |
Title:
|
Date: |
29 |
As Approved and Acknowledged by:
(solely with respect to the approval of Assignee, subject solely to the requirements and limitations of Custodian’s “know your customer” rules that may be in effect from time to time)
U.S. BANK NATIONAL ASSOCIATION , as Custodian
By:
Name:
Title:
30 |
Annex 9
to Tri-Party Agreement
MORTGAGE FILE REVIEW PROCEDURES
Custodian shall confirm the following with respect to each Mortgage File related to a Non-Legacy Mortgage Loan:
1. The Note and the Mortgage each appear to bear an original signature or signatures purporting to be the signature or signatures of the Person or Persons named as the maker and Mortgagor or grantor.
2. The amount of the Note is the same as the amount specified on the related Mortgage.
3. The original mortgagee is the same as the payee on the Note.
4. The Mortgage contains a legal description other than address, city and state.
5. The notary section (acknowledgment) is present and attached to the related Mortgage and is signed.
6. Neither the original Note, nor the copy of the Mortgage, nor the original Assignment of Mortgage contain any alterations which appear irregular on their face, or if altered, such alterations have the initials of the person(s) named as the Mortgagor.
7. The Note is payable or endorsed to Borrower and endorsed by Borrower in blank in an allonge, with completion of the (a) date of the Note, (b) principal amount of the Note, (c) name of the underlying borrower on the Note, and (d) property address contained in the Mortgage related to the Note.
8. Each original recorded Assignment of Mortgage and any intervening assignment of mortgage, if applicable, bears the name of the mortgagor, which is the same as the name on the Mortgage Loan Schedule, appears to bear the original signature of the named mortgagee or beneficiary including any subsequent assignors (and any other necessary party), as applicable, and the intervening assignments of mortgage evidence a complete chain of assignment and transfer of the related Mortgage from the originating Person to Borrower.
9. The date of each intervening assignment is on or after the date of the related Mortgage and/or the immediately preceding assignment, as the case may be.
10. The notary section (acknowledgment) is present and attached to each intervening assignment and is signed.
11. Based upon a review of the Note, the Servicer Loan ID, the Mortgagor’s name, the address of the Mortgaged Property, the original mortgage interest rate and any other fields as mutually agreed upon in writing as set forth in the Mortgage Loan Schedule are correct.
12. The Mortgage File contains the original or a copy of the long or short form policy of title insurance (or a commitment for title insurance , if the policy is being held by the title insurance company pending recordation of the Mortgage) or attorney’s opinion of title.
31 |
13. If a signatory to the Note is a trustee, the Custodian has received an original or copy of the related Trust Agreement.
14. The mortgagee title insurance policy shows the following: (a) title in the name of Mortgagor; (b) the lender under the Note as the mortgagee and as insured party; (c) the borrower under the Note as Mortgagor; (d)(i) the property legal description consistent with that shown on the Mortgage if the title insurance policy is in “long form” or (ii) the common street address is consistent with that shown on the Mortgage if the title insurance is not in “long form”; and (e) the insured amount is not less than the original principal loan amount on the Note.
15. The Custodian has received an original Assignment of Mortgage for each Mortgage Loan executed by Borrower “in blank” or to NexBank SSB, notarized and acceptable for recording but not recorded; provided that the Assignment of Mortgage is not required to include: (i) identifying recordation information which matches the recording information that appears on the Mortgage or (ii) the legal description of the property subject to such Mortgage.
.
32 |
Annex 10
to Tri-Party Agreement
NOTICE BY LENDER TO CUSTODIAN OF EVENT OF DEFAULT
[ ]
[Address] |
Attention: |
Re: Event of Default
Ladies and Gentlemen:
Reference is made to that certain Tri-Party Agreement, dated as of July 20, 2018, (as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the “ Tri-Party Agreement ”), among VERTICAL CAPITAL INCOME FUND (“ Borrower ”), NEXBANK SSB (“ Lender ”) and U.S. BANK NATIONAL ASSOCIATION (“ Custodian ”). Notice is hereby given that an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing under the Loan Agreement. Lender hereby directs Custodian to accept instructions from Lender as to the disposition of such mortgage files and such rights shall be exercisable solely by Lender.
Very truly yours, |
[ ] |
By: _________________________ |
Name: |
Title: |
33 |
Annex 11
to Tri-Party Agreement
MORTGAGE LOAN DOCUMENTS
1. The original Note, properly payable or endorsed to Borrower and endorsed by Borrower in blank in an allonge, with appropriate completions (or if the original Note has been lost or destroyed, a copy of such Note together with a lost note affidavit);
2. To the extent in the possession of Borrower, (A) the original recorded Mortgage or a copy of the recorded Mortgage with evidence of recording thereon; and (B) the original or a copy of the recorded power of attorney, if the Mortgage was executed pursuant to a power of attorney with evidence of recording thereon, if recordation is required, in each case delivered within sixty (60) days after acquisition by Borrower of the related Mortgage Loan;
3. To the extent in the possession of Borrower, originals, or copies of any intervening assignments of lien with evidence of recording thereon;
4. An original Assignment of Mortgage for each Mortgage Loan executed by Borrower “in blank” or to NexBank SSB, notarized and acceptable for recording but not recorded; provided that the Assignment of Mortgage is not required to include: (i) identifying recordation information which matches the recording information that appears on the Mortgage or (ii) the legal description of the property subject to such Mortgage ;
5. To the extent in the possession of Borrower, the original or a copy of the mortgagee title insurance policy or attorney’s opinion of title and abstract of title, together with all endorsements or riders that were issued with or subsequent to the issuance of such policy (if any), insuring the priority of the Mortgage as a first lien on the Mortgaged Property represented therein as a fee interest vested in the mortgagor; and
6. Any and all other files, documents, instruments, certificates or other records that are in the possession of Borrower and would be reasonably required to enforce a mortgagee’s remedies with respect to a default under the related Mortgage Loan.
34 |
Annex 12
to Tri-Party Agreement
FORM OF LENDER’S RELEASE
_____________, ______, 20__
[Mortgage Loan Purchaser]
[Address]
Attention:
Re: | The Tri-Party Agreement, dated as of July 20, 2018 (the “ Tri-Party Agreement ”), among NEXBANK SSB (the “ Lender ”), VERTICAL CAPITAL INCOME FUND (the “ Borrower ”), U.S. BANK NATIONAL ASSOCIATION (the “ Custodian ”) |
Ladies and Gentlemen:
Reference is made to the above captioned Tri-Party Agreement. Capitalized terms used herein shall have the respective meanings ascribed to them in the Tri-Party Agreement unless otherwise expressly defined herein.
We hereby release all right, interest or claim of any kind with respect to the Mortgage Loans referenced in the attached schedule, such release to be effective automatically without any further action by any party, upon our receipt of written notice from the Borrower of its receipt of payment in full for such Mortgage Loans in accordance with the payment instructions included in the Purchase Agreement between you and the Borrower.
For the avoidance of doubt, upon the effectiveness of the release provided for in the preceding paragraph, Custodian may hold the documents constituting the Mortgage Loan Documents for the exclusive benefit of [NAME OF MORTGAGE LOAN PURCHASER] (“ Mortgage Loan Purchaser ”). Custodian, Mortgage Loan Purchaser, and the Borrower may rely upon the statements made by us herein.
35 |
Sincerely,
[ ]
By:_______________________________________
Name:
Title:
cc:
VERTICAL CAPITAL INCOME FUND , as Borrower
36 |
Annex 13
to Tri-Party Agreement
LOAN AGREEMENT
37 |
Annex 14
to Tri-Party Agreement
FORM OF BAILEE LETTER
[ Insert on Borrower’s letterhead ]
[●]
[NAME OF BAILEE] (“ Bailee ”)
[ADDRESS]
Attn:
[NAME OF MORTGAGE LOAN PURCHASER] (“ Mortgage Loan Purchaser ”)
[ADDRESS]
Attn:
Re: Pledge of Mortgage Loans from Vertical Capital Income Fund
Ladies and Gentlemen:
Pursuant to the terms and conditions set forth below, pursuant to that certain Tri-Party Agreement among U.S. Bank National Association, as Custodian, NexBank SSB (the “ Lender ”) and Vertical Capital Income Fund, a Delaware statutory trust (the “ Borrower ”) dated as of July 20, 2018 (as the same may be amended, modified, amended and restated or supplemented from time to time, the “ Custodial Agreement ”), Custodian is simultaneously herewith delivering to Bailee (for Bailee’s limited and conditional possession), on behalf of Mortgage Loan Purchaser, the original executed promissory note(s) and other documentation, all as set forth on the schedule attached hereto (the “ Mortgage Loan Documentation ”) evidencing the mortgage loan(s) described on the schedule attached hereto (the “ Mortgage Loan(s) ”). The Mortgage Loan Documentation is being delivered conditionally and if you are unwilling to accept the terms and conditions of this bailment, as specified below, you must immediately return all Loan Documents (as defined below) to the Custodian. If you do not return them within two (2) business days after receipt, you will have accepted the bailment terms and conditions set forth in this letter.
Lender hereby notifies Bailee and Mortgage Loan Purchaser that it has a perfected first lien security interest in the Mortgage Loan(s) and expressly retains and reserves all of its rights in the Mortgage Loan(s), the Mortgage Loan Documentation and all related security instruments, files, and documents (the “ Loan Documents ”) until Bailee’s receipt of a Lender’s Release executed by Lender with respect to such Loan Documents.
Each of Bailee and Mortgage Loan Purchaser hereby acknowledges that it acquires no ownership or security interest in the Loan Documents by the delivery or possession of such Loan Documents to Bailee.
By taking physical possession of this letter, the Mortgage Loan Documentation and the other Loan Documents, the Bailee and Mortgage Loan Purchaser each hereby agrees: (i) with respect to Bailee, to hold in trust, as bailee, the Mortgage Loan Documentation and all Loan Documents that it receives related to the Mortgage Loan(s), until its status as bailee is terminated as set forth herein; (ii) not to release or deliver, or authorize the release or delivery of any of the Mortgage Loan Documentation or any other Loan Documentation to Borrower or any other person or take any other action with respect to the Mortgage Loan Documentation or any Loan Document which release, delivery or other action could
38 |
cause the security interest of Lender to become unperfected or which could otherwise jeopardize the perfected security interest of Lender in the Mortgage Loan(s); and (iii) to return the Mortgage Loan Documentation immediately to Custodian, (A) in the event that Mortgage Loan Purchaser elects not to purchase the Mortgage Loan(s), or (B) in the event that the Mortgage Loan Documentation requires completion and/or correction (subsections (A) and (B) above, each a “ Return Requirement Condition ”). Bailee shall return the Loan Documents to Custodian by the earlier to occur of (1) any Return Requirement Condition or (ii) ten (10) days after the date of this letter.
Bailee is directed to, and shall, keep all of the Loan Documents in a fire-resistant vault and safe from loss, theft and other casualty.
In the event of any inconsistency between the provisions of this letter and the provisions of any other instrument or document delivered to the Bailee with this letter or in connection with the Mortgage Loan(s), including, without limitation, any “release” or similar document, the provisions of this letter shall control.
This letter shall be construed in accordance with the laws of the State of Texas.
Bailee and Mortgage Loan Purchaser: Please immediately sign where indicated below and return a signed copy of this letter to Borrower at the address above (although Bailee’s or Mortgage Loan Purchaser’s failure to sign and return a copy of this letter shall not affect the effectiveness of this letter’s terms and conditions, and Bailee or Mortgage Loan Purchaser are each deemed to have accepted this letter upon its receipt of the Loan Documents).
[ REMAINDER OF PAGE INTENTIONALLY BLANK. SIGNATURES FOLLOW ]
39 |
Sincerely,
VERTICAL CAPITAL INCOME FUND , a Delaware statutory trust
By:_________________________________
Name:
Title:
Date:
IRREVOCABLY ACKNOWLEDGED AND AGREED TO:
[BAILEE]
By:_________________________________
Name:
Title:
Date:
[MORTGAGE LOAN PURCHASER]
By:_________________________________
Name:
Title:
Date:
ACKNOWLEDGED AND AGREED TO:
NEXBANK SSB
By:_________________________________
Name:
Title:
Date:
40 |
aAnnex 15
to Custodial Agreement
EXCEPTION CODES
Question Code | Question Description |
2 | Document is a copy |
4 | Pages are missing from document |
5 | Damaged/Illegible document |
7 | Date missing/incorrect |
9 | Property address missing/incorrect |
18 | Mortgagor name(s) missing/incorrect |
19 | Legal description missing/incorrect |
20 | Unrecorded original |
21 | White-out/corrections not initialed |
22 | Endorsement(s) is missing |
23 | Notary, acknowledgement, or witness information is missing |
24 | Name is missing/incorrect |
25 | Signature(s) does not agree with typed name(s) |
26 | Signature is missing |
44 | Schedule A or B missing/incorrect |
47 | Incomplete/incorrect information |
63 | Acknowledge receipt of document |
64 | Document is a commitment/preliminary report only |
65 | Rider missing/incorrect |
68 | Document is a copy, need recorded original |
70 | Endorsement incorrect |
71 | Company name missing/incorrect on endorsement |
72 | Document is a copy of a recorded original |
73 | Doc is unrecorded copy, need orig recorded or copy |
VERTICAL CAPITAL INCOME FUND
OPERATING EXPENSES LIMITATION AGREEMENT
THIS OPERATING EXPENSES LIMITATION AGREEMENT (the "Agreement"), which supersedes any prior operating expense limitation
agreements, is effective as of February 1, 2019, by and between VERTICAL CAPITAL INCOME FUND, a Delaware statutory trust (the "Fund"),
and the Advisor of such Fund, OAKLINE ADVISORS, LLC (the "Advisor").
WITNESSETH:
WHEREAS, the Advisor renders advice and services to the Fund pursuant to the terms and provisions of an investment advisory agreement
(the "Investment Advisory Agreement") between the Fund and the Advisor; and
WHEREAS, the Fund is responsible for, and has assumed the obligation for payment of certain expenses pursuant to the Investment
Advisory Agreement that have not been assumed by the Advisor; and
WHEREAS, the Advisor desires to limit the Fund's Operating Expenses (as that term is defined in Paragraph 2 of this Agreement)
on a class-specific basis pursuant to the terms and provisions of this Agreement, and the Fund desires to allow the Advisor to
implement those limits;
NOW THEREFORE, in consideration of the covenants and the mutual promises hereinafter set forth, the parties, intending to be legally
bound hereby, mutually agree as follows:
1.
Limit on Operating Expenses
. The Advisor hereby agrees to limit the Fund's current Operating Expenses to an annual rate,
expressed as a percentage of a share classes’ average daily net assets, to the amounts listed in
Appendix A
(the "Annual
Limit") for the time periods indicated. In the event that the current Operating Expenses of the Fund, on a class-specific
basis, as accrued each month, exceed the respective Annual Limit, the Advisor will, as needed, waive its fees and pay to the Fund,
on a monthly basis, the excess expense within 30 days of being notified that an excess expense payment is due.
2.
Definition
. For purposes of this Agreement, the term "Operating Expenses" with respect to the Fund, is defined
to include all expenses necessary or appropriate for the operation of the Fund and including the Advisor's investment advisory
or management fee detailed in the Investment Advisory Agreement, any shareholder servicing fees, distribution fees and other expenses
described in the Investment Advisory Agreement, but does not include any front-end or contingent deferred loads, taxes, leverage
interest, borrowing interest, brokerage commissions, expenses incurred in connection with any merger or reorganization, dividend
expense on securities sold short, acquired
1 |
(underlying) fund fees and expenses or extraordinary expenses such as litigation and Advisor transition expenses.
3.
Reimbursement of Fees and Expenses
. The Advisor retains its right to receive reimbursement of any waiver and/or excess
expense payments paid by it pursuant to this Agreement within three fiscal years following the month in which the waiver and/or
expenses were incurred, even if the repayment occurs after the termination of the limitation period, provided that the Advisor
remains the investment adviser to the Fund and that the Operating Expenses have fallen to a level below the Annual Limit and the
reimbursement amount does not raise the level of Operating Expenses in the month the repayment is being made to a level that exceeds
the Annual Limit or any then-current expense limit.
4.
Term
. This Agreement shall become effective on the date specified herein and remain in effect at least through the date
listed in
Appendix A
, unless sooner terminated as provided in Paragraph 5 of this Agreement. Additionally, this Agreement
shall continue for successive 12 month periods upon approval by the Fund’s Board of Trustees and the Advisor.
5.
Termination
. This Agreement may be terminated at any time, and without payment of any penalty, by the Board of Trustees
of the Fund, upon sixty (60) days' written notice to the Advisor. This Agreement may not be terminated by the Advisor without the
consent of the Board of Trustees of the Fund. This Agreement will automatically terminate, with respect to the Fund classes listed
in
Appendix A
if the Investment Advisory Agreement for the Fund is terminated, with such termination effective upon the
effective date of the Investment Advisory Agreement's termination for the Fund.
6.
Assignment
. This Agreement and all rights and obligations hereunder may not be assigned without the written consent of
the other party.
7.
Severability.
If any provision of this Agreement shall be held or made invalid by a court decision, statute or rule,
or shall be otherwise rendered invalid, the remainder of this Agreement shall not be affected thereby.
8.
Governing Law
. This Agreement shall be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the laws of the State of New York
without giving effect to the conflict of laws principles thereof; provided that nothing herein shall be construed to preempt, or
to be inconsistent with, any federal law, regulation or rule, including the Investment Company Act of 1940 and the Investment Advisers
Act of 1940 and any rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
2 |
Appendix A
Class |
Annualized Percentage
of Average Dailey Net Assets |
Minimum Duration |
A | 2.25% | January 31, 2020 |
C | 3.00% | January 31, 2020 |
----------signature page follows---------
3 |
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be duly executed and attested by their duly authorized officer or officers.
VERTICAL CAPITAL INCOME FUND | OAKLINE ADVISORS, LLC |
By: /s/ ______________________ | By: /s/ _____________________ |
Name: Stanton P. Eigenbrodt | Name: Stanton P. Eigenbrodt |
Title: Secretary | Title: Executive Vice President |
Date: 1-4-19 | Date: 1-4-19 |
January 24, 2019
Vertical Capital Income Fund
80 Arkay Drive
Hauppauge, NY 11788
Dear Board Members:
A legal opinion (the "Legal Opinion") that we prepared was filed with the Vertical Capital Income Fund Registration Statement (SEC Accession No. 0001580642-15-005877). We hereby give you our consent to incorporate by reference the Legal Opinion into Post-Effective Amendment No. 5 of the presently filed Registration Statement under the Securities Act of 1933 (which is concurrently Amendment No. 11 under the Investment Company Act of 1940) (the "Amendments") and consent to all references to us in the Registration Statement and Amendments.
Very truly yours,
/s/ THOMPSON HINE LLP
4835-0287-4957.6
Code of Ethics Gemini Companies
Blu Giant, LLC
Gemini Alternative Funds, LLC Gemini Fund Services, LLC Gemini Hedge Fund Services, LLC
Northern Lights Compliance Services, LLC Northern Lights Distributors, LLC
Gemini Companies Code of Ethics
August 1, 2018 to Current
Table of Contents
I. | Introduction |
II. | Definitions |
III. | General Principles |
IV. | Standards of Business Conduct |
V. | Prohibition Against Insider Trading |
VI. | Personal Securities Transactions |
VII. | Interested Transactions |
VIII. | Gifts and Entertainment |
IX. | Protecting the Confidentiality of Client Information |
X. | Service as a Director |
XI. | Certification |
XII. | Records |
XIII. | Reporting Violations and Sanctions |
XIV. | Ethics Training |
Schedule A – Designated Custodians
Schedule B – Frequently Asked Questions about Code of Ethics
Schedule C – Summary of Reporting Requirements
I. | Introduction |
This Code of Ethics (this “Code”) has been adopted by Blu Giant, LLC, Gemini Alternative Funds, LLC (“GAF”), Gemini Fund Services, LLC, Gemini Hedge Fund Services, LLC, Northern Lights Compliance Services, LLC and Northern Lights Distributors, LLC (“NLD”), collectively, the “Gemini Companies” and each a “Gemini Company”.
This Code establishes rules of conduct for all “Supervised Persons” of the Gemini Companies. As explained further in the “Definitions” included with this Code (see Article II, Definitions), “Supervised Persons” include our employees and officers, as well as certain independent contractors and certain registered representatives. The general ethical principles and personal securities reporting provisions of this Code apply to all employees and other “Access Persons” of the Gemini Companies, although many provisions of this Code are written to specifically address the duties and obligations of employees of NLD, because of its status as a registered broker-dealer and member of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. (“FINRA”). This Code is based upon the principle that the Gemini Companies and its Supervised Persons owe a fiduciary duty to their clients to conduct their affairs, including their personal securities transactions, in such a manner as to avoid (i) serving their own personal interests ahead of clients, (ii) taking inappropriate advantage of their position with their respective company, and (iii) any actual or potential conflicts of interest or any abuse of their position of trust and responsibility.
This Code is designed to ensure that the high ethical standards long maintained by the Gemini Companies continue to be applied. The purpose of this Code is to preclude activities that may lead to or give the appearance of conflicts of interest, insider trading and other forms of prohibited or unethical business conduct.
In meeting any fiduciary responsibilities to its clients, the Gemini Companies expect every employee to demonstrate the highest standards of ethical conduct. The Gemini Companies’ reputation for fair and honest dealing with its clients has taken considerable time to build. This standing could be seriously damaged as the result of even a single Securities transaction being considered questionable in light of the fiduciary duty owed to our clients. Strict compliance with the provisions of the Code shall be considered a basic condition of employment and employees should understand that any breach of the provisions of this Code may constitute grounds for disciplinary action, including termination of their employment.
This Code addresses specific elements of the Gemini Companies’ fiduciary obligations. However, it cannot, and is not intended to, address all circumstances in which fiduciary obligations will arise. Accordingly, the Gemini Companies expect all Supervised Persons to adhere strictly to the specific requirements of this Code and other firm policies and procedures, but to also think beyond them and to conduct themselves with honesty and integrity in accordance with the Gemini Companies’ fiduciaryobligations.
Each Gemini Company, through its compliance officers, legal counsel, and/or other designated personnel, is responsible for the day-to-day administration of this Code with respect to those Access Persons under the direct supervision and control of such Gemini Company. Note that some Gemini Companies may impose greater restrictions than those described in this Code, and those restrictions have been noted where possible within this Code. All questions regarding specific restrictions should be directed to the Chief Compliance Officer of the relevant Gemini Company (as applicable, each such individual is referred to herein as the “Chief Compliance Officer”) or to such Gemini Company’s designated legal counsel.
To the extent a Supervised Person is registered as a representative of NLD or as an associated person or principal of GAF, such persons are encouraged to seek the guidance from such Gemini Company’s respective Chief Compliance Officer for all questions regarding the application of specific restrictions to their activities. It is each Supervised Person’s responsibility to understand this Code as well as its requirements and application as they relate to both personal and work related activities.
The Chief Compliance Officer will periodically report to senior management of the Gemini Companies to document compliance with this Code.
The Gemini Companies have engaged Schwab Compliance Technologies, Inc. (“Schwab CT”), which provides an automated system for administration of the Code. The Schwab CT system provides a means of making all reports and certifications required under the Code in an electronic format. The Schwab CT system will send automatic reminders via email to all persons covered by the Code in order to ensure deadlines are not missed. Should you have any questions about the Code or the Schwab CT system, please contact the Chief Compliance Officer or his/her designee.
For answers to commonly asked questions about your obligations under this Code, please refer to Schedule B for a list of “Frequently Asked Questions” and the applicable responses. You may also find it helpful to refer to Schedule C, which includes a summary of your Reporting Requirements under the Code.
II. | Definitions |
For the purposes of this Code, the following definitions shall apply:
· | “Access Person” means any Supervised Person who: has access to nonpublic information regarding any clients’ purchase or sale of Securities, or nonpublic information regarding the portfolio holdings of any Restricted Fund; or is involved in making Securities recommendations to clients; provided, that individuals who are Supervised Persons solely as a result of their service as a non- employee director, manager, or officer or their engagement as an independent contractor shall not be considered “Access Persons” for purposes of this Code. |
· | “Account” means accounts of any Access Person and includes accounts of the Access Person’s Family Members and any account in which he or she has a direct beneficial interest, such as trusts and custodial accounts subject to control by the Access Person or other accounts in which the Access Person exercises influence or control or has investment discretion; provided, that an employee’s NorthStar Financial Services Group, LLC (“NorthStar”) 401(k) account shall be excluded from the “Accounts” covered under this Code unless the employee participates in the Self-Directed Brokerage Account (“SDBA”) as part of the 401(k) Plan. |
· | “Automatic Investment Plan” means a program in which regular periodic purchases (or withdrawals) are made automatically in (or from) investment accounts in accordance with a predetermined schedule and allocation. An Automatic Investment Plan includes a dividend reinvestment plan. |
· | “Beneficial Ownership” shall be interpreted in the same manner as it would be under Rule 16a- 1(a)(2) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, in determining whether a person is the beneficial owner of a Security for purposes of Section 16 of such Act and the rules and regulations thereunder. Generally, “Beneficial Ownership” means ownership of Securities or Securities accounts by or for the benefit of a person, or such person’s “Family Member,” including any account in which the person or family member of that person holds a direct or indirect beneficial interest, retains discretionary investment authority or exercises a power of attorney. |
· | “Control” means the power to exercise a controlling influence over the management or policies of any of the Gemini Companies. See Section 2(a)(9) of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “Investment Company Act”). |
· | “Designated Custodian” refers to the custodial firms listed on Schedule A where Access Persons must maintain their covered Accounts. |
· | “Family Member” means any person’s spouse, child or other relative, whether related by blood, marriage, or otherwise, who either resides with, is financially dependent upon, or whose investments are controlled or partially controlled by that person. The term also includes any unrelated individual whose investments are controlled or partially controlled by that person, such as a “significant other.” |
· | “Fund” means an investment company registered under the Investment Company Act, including open-end and closed-end investment companies and exchange traded funds. |
· | “Initial Public Offering” means an offering of Securities registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, the issuer of which, immediately before the registration, was not subject to the reporting requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. |
· | “Investment Personnel” means (1) any employee of the Gemini Companies (or of any company in a Control relationship to the Gemini Companies) who, in connection with his or her regular functions or duties, makes or participates in making recommendations regarding the purchase or sale of Securities, and (2) any natural person who Controls the Gemini Companies and who obtains information concerning recommendations made regarding the purchase or sale ofSecurities. |
· | “Limited Offering” means an offering that is exempt from registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, pursuant to Section 4(2) or Section 4(6) or pursuant to Rule 504, 505 or 506 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. |
· | “Reportable Security” means any Security, except that it does not include: (i) transactions and holdings in direct obligations of the Government of the United States; (ii) bankers’ acceptances, bank certificates of deposit, commercial paper and other high quality short-term debt instruments, including repurchase agreements; (iii) shares issued by money market funds; (iv) transactions and holdings in shares of other types of open-end registered mutual funds, other than exchange-traded funds (“ETFs”) or Restricted Funds; (v) transactions in units of a unit investment trust if the unit investment trust is invested exclusively in mutual funds, unless the Gemini Companies or a Control affiliate acts as the principal underwriter for the Fund; and (vi) transactions and holdings in a spouse’s retirement plan controlled by the spouse’s employer, provided the employee does not participate in the investment decisions or provide any advice with respect to the allocation of such Account. |
· | “Restricted Fund” means any Fund or private fund that the Gemini Companies act as the principal underwriter, distributor, fund accountant, or fund administrator for or provide compliance services to (these Funds are flagged in the Schwab CT system). |
· | “Security” means any note, stock, treasury stock, security future, bond, debenture, evidence of indebtedness, certificate of interest or participation in any profit-sharing agreement, collateral-trust certificate, pre-organization certificate or subscription, transferable share, investment contract, voting-trust certificate, certificate of deposit for a security, fractional undivided interest in oil, gas, or other mineral rights, any put, call, straddle, option, or privilege on any security (including a certificate of deposit) or on any group or index of securities (including any interest therein or based on the value thereof), or any put, call, straddle, option, or privilege entered into on a national securities exchange relating to foreign currency, or, in general, any interest or instrument commonly known as a “security”, or any certificate of interest or participation in, temporary or interim certificate for, receipt for, guaranty of, or warrant or right to subscribe to or purchase any of the foregoing. See Section 202(a)(18) of the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended (the “Advisers Act”). |
· | “Supervised Person” means managers, officers and partners of the Gemini Companies (or other persons occupying a similar status or performing similar functions); employees of the Gemini Companies; independent contractors accessing non-public information regarding the Gemini Companies’ clients during such contractor’s engagement with the Gemini Companies; and any other person who provides advice on behalf of the Gemini Companies and is subject to the Gemini Companies’ supervision and control. |
· | “Third Party Managed Account” refers to an Account where a third party has investment management discretion regarding Securities transactions pursuant to a written, executed investment management agreement or advisory agreement addressing the Account or otherwise. Whether an Account is considered a Third Party Managed Account rests in the discretion of the Chief Compliance Officer or his or her designee, in consultation with the legal department, based on its assessment of the risks presented by such arrangement. No Access Person shall consider an Account to be a Third Party Managed Account until he or she has received approval from the Chief Compliance Officer or his/her designee. The Chief Compliance Officer reserves the right to revoke approval of a Third Party Managed Account at any time, for any reason. |
III. | General Principles |
This Code is designed to promote the following general principles:
· | The Gemini Companies and their Supervised Persons have a duty at all times to place the interests of clients first. |
· The Gemini Companies and their Supervised Persons have a duty of loyalty to clients.
· Access persons must conduct their personal securities transactions in a manner that avoids an actual or potential conflict of interest or any abuse of trust and responsibility.
· Access persons may not use knowledge about current or pending client or portfolio transactions for the purpose of personal profit.
· Information concerning clients (including former clients) must be kept confidential, including the client’s identity, holdings, and other non-public information.
· Independence in the investment decision-making process is paramount.
· | Supervised Persons may not give or receive gifts or participate in entertainment beyond the parameters set forth in this Code to avoid even the appearance of favoritism or impropriety. |
· Where the Gemini Companies are in a position to direct brokerage transactions for the client, the Gemini Companies have a duty to obtain best execution for such client’s transactions.
· The Gemini Companies will ensure that any investment advice given is suitable in light of the client’s individual objectives, needs, and circumstances.
The Chief Compliance Officer may grant exceptions to certain provisions contained in this Code only in those situations when it is clear beyond dispute that the interests of the clients will not be adversely affected or compromised. All questions arising in connection with personal securities trading should be resolved in favor of the client even at the expense of the interests of employees.
IV. | Standards of Business Conduct |
The Gemini Companies place the highest priority on maintaining its reputation for integrity and professionalism. That reputation is a vital business asset. The confidence and trust placed in the Gemini Companies and its employees by our clients is something we value and endeavor to protect. The following Standards of Business Conduct set forth policies and procedures intended to achieve these goals.
A. | Compliance with Laws and Regulations |
In addition to adhering strictly to the specific requirements of this Code and all other Gemini Companies policies and procedures, the Gemini Companies expect all Supervised Persons to respect and comply with applicable federal and state securities laws and regulations. This includes prohibiting any activity that directly or indirectly:
· | Defrauds a client in any manner; |
· | Misleads a client, including any statement that omits material facts; |
· | Operates or would operate as a fraud or deceit on a client; |
· | Functions as a manipulative practice with respect to a client; or |
· | Functions as a manipulative practice with respect to securities. |
The Gemini Companies and their employees are prohibited from engaging in fraudulent, deceptive or manipulative conduct. This involves more than acting with honesty and good faith alone. It means, where applicable, that the Gemini Companies have an affirmative duty of utmost good faith to act solely in the best interest of its clients.
Section 204A of the Advisers Act requires the establishment and enforcement of policies and procedures reasonably designed to prevent the misuse of material, nonpublic information by investment advisers. While the Gemini Companies arenotthemselves registered investment advisers, suchpolicies and procedures are contained in this Code. This Code also contains policies and procedures with respect to personal securities transactions of all Access Persons as defined herein. These procedures cover transactions in a Reportable Security in which an Access Person has Beneficial Ownership in or Accounts over which the Access Person exercises control as well as transactions by the Access Person’s Family Members.
B. | Conflicts of Interest |
Conflicts of interest may come about any time there exists an incentive to favor one party over another. Given the nature of the Gemini Companies’ businesses and business relationships between Gemini Companies, conflicts can arise in various contexts. Where possible, our objective is to avoid any conflict between the Gemini Companies, Supervised Persons, and the client. For example, a conflict may arise when there is an opportunity to give preferential treatment to one client or portfolio relative to other clients or portfolios. A conflict can also come into play when there is an opportunity to take advantage of information, particularly regarding current or pending client or portfolio trades, for personal profit. Other conflicts may not always be clear-cut.
As an integral part of the Gemini Companies’ fiduciary obligation, Supervised Persons are obligated to avoid conflicts of interest wherever possible and to fully disclose all facts concerning any conflict that may arise.
Questions regarding a potential conflict should be fully vetted with the Chief Compliance Officer or his/her designee and appropriate legal counsel before any further action is taken.
C. | Confidentiality |
The Gemini Companies and their Supervised Persons share a duty to ensure the confidentiality of client information, including account numbers, client holdings, transactions, and securities recommendations. Supervised Persons may not misuse or disclose such information, whether within or outside of the Gemini Companies, except to authorized persons who require the information for legitimate business purposes or to fulfill their responsibilities. To ensure this duty is fulfilled, the Gemini Companies have adopted this Code as well as its Employee Policies and Procedures and information securities policies, and each Gemini Company has adopted its own Privacy Policy. All Supervised Persons are required to adhere to each of these policies, as relevant. As explained further in Section IX, all Supervised Persons are prohibited from disclosing confidential information concerning the Gemini Companies, including any trade secrets or other proprietary information, including materials marked for internal use only.
V. | Prohibition Against Insider Trading |
A. | Introduction |
Trading Securities while in possession of material, nonpublic information, or improperly communicating that information to others may expose Supervised Persons and the Gemini Companies to stringent penalties. Criminal sanctions may include significant fines and/or imprisonment. The SEC can recover the profits gained or losses avoided through the illegal trading, impose a penalty of up to three times the illicit windfall, and/or issue an order permanently barring you from the securities industry. Finally, Supervised Persons and the Gemini Companies may be sued by investors seeking to recover damages for insider trading violations.
The rules contained in this Code apply to Securities trading and information handling by Supervised Persons and their Family Members.
The law of insider trading is continuously developing. An individual legitimately may be uncertain about the application of the rules contained in this Code in a particular circumstance. Often, a single question can avoid disciplinary action or complex legal problems. You must notify the Chief Compliance Officer immediately if you have any reason to believe that a violation of this Code has occurred or is about to occur.
B. | General Policy |
No Supervised Person may trade, either personally or on behalf of others (such as investment funds and private accounts managed by the Gemini Companies) (“Client Accounts”), while in the possession of material, nonpublic information, nor may any personnel of the Gemini Companies communicate material, nonpublic information to others in violation of the law.
1. | What is Material Information ? |
Information is material where there is a substantial likelihood that a reasonable investor would consider it important in making his or her investment decisions. Generally, this includes any information the disclosure of which will have a substantial effect on the price of a company’s Securities. No simple test exists to determine when information is material; assessments of materiality involve a highly fact-specific inquiry. For this reason, you should direct any questions about whether information is material to the Chief Compliance Officer or his/her designee.
Material information often relates to a company’s results and operations, including, for example, dividend changes, earnings results, changes in previously released earnings estimates, significant merger or acquisition proposals or agreements, major litigation, liquidation problems, and extraordinary management developments.
Material information also may relate to the market for a company’s Securities. Information about a significant order to purchase or sell Securities may, in some contexts, be material. Prepublication information regarding reports in the financial press also may be material. For example, the United States Supreme Court upheld the criminal convictions of insider trading defendants who capitalized on prepublication information about The Wall Street Journal’s “Heard on the Street” column.
You should also be aware of the SEC’s position that the term “material nonpublic information” relates not only to issuers but also to the Gemini Companies’ Securities recommendations and client Securities holdings and transactions.
2. | What is Nonpublic Information ? |
Information is “public” when it has been disseminated broadly to investors in the marketplace. For example, information is public after it has become available to the general public through a public filing with the SEC or some other government agency, the Dow Jones “tape” or The Wall Street Journal or some other publication of general circulation and after sufficient time has passed so that the information has been disseminated widely.
3. | Identifying Inside Information |
Before executing any trade for yourself or others, including Client Accounts, you must determine whether you have access to material, nonpublic information. If you think that you might have access to material, nonpublic information, you should take the following steps:
· Report the information and proposed trade immediately to the Chief Compliance Officer.
· Do not purchase or sell the Securities on behalf of yourself or others, including Client Accounts.
· Do not communicate the information inside or outside the Gemini Companies, other than to the Chief Compliance Officer.
· | After the Chief Compliance Officer has reviewed the issue and consulted with legal counsel as necessary, the Gemini Companies will determine whether the information is material and nonpublic and, if so, what action the Gemini Companies will take. |
You should consult with the Chief Compliance Officer before taking any action. This degree of caution will protect you, our clients, and the Gemini Companies.
4. | Contacts with Public Companies |
Contacts with public companies may represent an important part of our research efforts. The Gemini Companies may make investment decisions on the basis of conclusions formed through such contacts and analysis of publicly available information. Difficult legal issues arise, however, when, in the course of these contacts, a Supervised Person of the Gemini Companies or other person subject to this Code becomes aware of material, nonpublic information. This could happen, for example, if a company’s Chief Financial Officer prematurely discloses quarterly results to an analyst, or an investor relations representative makes selective disclosure of adverse news to a handful of investors. In such situations, the Gemini Companies must make a judgment as to its further conduct. To protect yourself, your clients and the Gemini Companies, you should contact the Chief Compliance Officer immediately if you believe that you may have received material, nonpublic information.
5. | Tender Offers |
Tender offers represent a particular concern in the law of insider trading for two reasons: First, tender offer activity often produces extraordinary gyrations in the price of the target company’s Securities. Trading during this time period is more likely to attract regulatory attention (and produces a disproportionate percentage of insider trading cases). Second, the SEC has adopted a rule which expressly forbids trading and “tipping” while in the possession of material, nonpublic information regarding a tender offer received from the tender offeror, the target company or anyone acting on behalf of either. Supervised Persons of the Gemini Companies and others subject to this Code should exercise extreme caution any time they become aware of nonpublic information relating to a tender offer.
6. | Restricted/Watch Lists |
Although the Gemini Companies do not typically receive confidential information from portfolio companies, they may, if they receive such information take appropriate procedures to establish restricted or watch lists in certain Securities.
VI. | Personal Securities Transactions |
A. | General Policy |
The following principles governing personal investment activities by Access Persons have been adopted:
· The interests of client accounts will at all times be placed first;
· All personal Securities transactions will be conducted in such manner as to avoid any actual or potential conflict of interest or any abuse of an individual’s position of trust and responsibility; and
· Access Persons must not take inappropriate advantage of their positions.
B. | Covered Accounts |
The specific procedures relating to maintaining Accounts that can transact business in Reportable Securities are set forth below and apply not only to Access Persons themselves, but also to their Family Members. It is the responsibility of the Access Person to adhere to the “Reporting Requirements” set forth in Section
VI.E below. Additionally, Schedule C contains a list of the typical account types that would need to be reported through Schwab CT.
1. | Designated Custodians |
Except as set forth below, Access Persons must maintain personal brokerage and trading accounts with a “Designated Custodian” included on the list set forth in Schedule A. Accounts trading in shares of open- end investment companies (i.e., mutual funds) (excluding ETFs) may also be custodied directly with the respective fund company. If you are a new Access Person, you must transfer your Account to a Designated Custodian within thirty (30) days from becoming an Access Person unless otherwise approved by the Chief Compliance Officer or his/her designee. You are responsible for costs associated with transferring your personal Account. All new brokerage and trading Accounts must be established with a Designated Custodian.
The Chief Compliance Officer, at his/her discretion, may approve the maintenance of a personal brokerage or trading account through a custodian that is not a “Designated Custodian”; provided, that any Access Person who receives such approval shall be assessed a maintenance fee or such other fee, as assessed by ByAllAccounts (the “Maintenance Fee”) per registration maintained at any such non-Designated Custodian and such Access Person shall be responsible for authenticating such Account in the Schwab CT system to ensure that transaction information on any such Accounts are electronically downloaded into the Schwab CT system for review and monitoring purposes. The Maintenance Fee is a fee charged by ByAllAccounts to the Gemini Companies for maintaining such accounts (the fee is currently $100 per year, subject to change at any time in the discretion of ByAllAccounts). To the extent an electronic feed cannot be established for any such Account, the Access Person will need to follow an alternative reporting process specified by the Chief Compliance Officer.
2. | Third Party Managed Accounts |
The establishment of Third Party Managed Accounts requires pre-approval by the Chief Compliance Officer or his/her designee. To request approval, an Access Person must follow the instructions to “Add a New Account” in the Schwab CT system. Approval or rejection of the Account will typically be sent via email through the Schwab CT system back to the requester.
C. | Trading Rules |
The specific procedures relating to trading in Accounts are set forth below and require, among other things, the reporting of securities transactions and holdings, as well as the pre-approval of certain types of transactions. These procedures apply to transactions for Access Persons themselves, as well as transactions for Family Members.
· | General Pre-Clearance Requirements |
An Access Person may not, directly or indirectly, acquire or dispose of Beneficial Ownership of a Reportable Security in an Account unless: (i) such purchase or sale has been approved by the Chief Compliance Officer or his/her designee; (ii) the approved transaction is completed within two business days in accordance with this Code after approval is received unless otherwise approved by the Chief Compliance Officer or his/her designee; and (iii) the Chief Compliance Officer or his/her designee has not rescinded such approval prior to execution of the transaction. Post-approval is not permitted. Schedule C contains a list of the types of securities that are typically subject to pre-clearance if traded in a covered Account.
Clearance must be obtained by entering the request in the Schwab CT system or as otherwise designated by the Chief Compliance Officer. The Schwab CT system will generate an automatic approval for trades that do not pose any conflicts and certain other trades may be subject to manual review by the Chief Compliance Officer or his/her designee. Clearance will be obtained by receiving approval in the Schwab CT system or other process designated by the Chief Compliance Officer. The Chief Compliance Officer, or his/her designee, monitors all transactions by all Access Persons in order to ascertain any pattern of conduct that may evidence conflicts or potential conflicts with the principles and objectives of this Code, including a pattern of front-running.
Advance trade clearance in no way waives or absolves any Access Persons of the obligation to abide by the provisions, principles and objectives of this Code.
· | Exemptions from Pre-Clearance Requirements |
Certain types of transactions in Reportable Securities do not present the sort of risks that require pre- clearance at this time; however, Accounts holding such Reportable Securities are still subject to the reporting requirements set forth in the “Covered Accounts” section above and may be subject to certain reporting obligations described in Section IV.E below. In connection with its review and evaluation of information reported for such exempted transactions, the Chief Compliance Officer reserves the right to change this policy generally or with respect to any individual Access Person at any time. The following transactions generally do not require pre-clearance unless otherwise specified by the Chief Compliance Officer:
· Transactions in Reportable Securities in pre-approved Third Party Managed Accounts;
· | Transactions in Reportable Securities that result solely from Automatic Investment Plans; provided, that the initial establishment of an Automatic Investment Plan and any transaction that overrides the pre-set schedule or allocations of the Automatic Investment Plan must be pre-cleared; and |
· | Transactions in shares of open-end registered investment companies (i.e., mutual funds) but excluding ETFs, Restricted Funds, unit investment trusts, and variable and fixed annuities. |
· | Pre-Clearance Rules and Trade Activity Review |
The following rules provide the basis for approval or denial decisions granted by the Chief Compliance Officer or his/her designee of personal securities transactions in Reportable Securities in covered Accounts. Pre-clearance approval is effective for up to two business days after approval depending on the timing of submission. For purposes of calculating the two business day requirement, Schwab CT considers the first business day to be the day of approval if that approval is received during business hours. For example, if you pre-clear a trade at market open on a Monday, you’d have until market close on Tuesday to complete. If you pre-clear a trade over the weekend, you would also have until market close on Tuesday to complete; however, if you pre-clear a trade immediately prior to market close on a Monday, you’d still only have until market close on Tuesday to complete. If you pre-clear a trade after market hours on Monday, you’d then have until market close on Wednesday to complete. Pre-clearance is granted via Schwab CT, or if Schwab CT is unavailable, by email from the Chief Compliance Officer or his/her designee.
· Black-out Period —No Investment Personnel shall purchase or sell, directly or indirectly, any Security in which he or she has, or by reason of such transaction acquires, any direct or indirect beneficial interest within three (3) calendar days of the purchase or sale of the same Security by a Gemini Companies client under such Investment Personnel’s supervision or a Gemini Companies client for whom such Investment Personnel otherwise participates in decision making or obtains information in connection with the purchase or sale of Securities. (For example, if a Gemini Companies client trades in a Security on day one, day four is the first day the Investment Personnel may trade in such Security for an Account with respect to which he or she has Beneficial Ownership.) In the event a Securities transaction is executed in a Gemini Companies client account within three (3) calendar days after an Investment Personnel executed a transaction in the same Security, the Chief Compliance Officer, or his/her designee, will review such Investment Personnel’s and the client’s transactions to determine whether any fiduciary duties to the client have been violated. If the Chief Compliance Officer or his/her designee is not satisfied that the Investment Personnel effected his or her trade without knowledge of the impending client transaction, the Investment Personnel may be required to submit a trade to reverse the transaction, forfeit any resulting gains, and absorb any resulting financial and/or tax consequences based on the investigation and decision of the Chief Compliance Officer.
· | Pre-Clearance Required for Participation in IPOs |
No Access Person shall acquire any Beneficial Ownership in any Securities in an Initial Public Offering for his or her Account, as defined herein without the prior written approval of the Chief Compliance Officer or his/her designee after being provided with full details of the proposed transaction (including written certification that the investment opportunity did not arise by virtue of the Supervised Person’s activities on behalf of a client) and, if approved, will be subject to continuous monitoring for possible future conflicts.
· | Pre-Clearance Required for Private or Limited Offerings |
No Access Person shall acquire Beneficial Ownership of any Securities in a Limited Offering or private placement without the prior written approval of the Chief Compliance Officer or his/her designee who has been provided with full details of the proposed transaction (including written certification that the investment opportunity did not arise by virtue of the Access Person’s activities on behalf of a client) and, if approved, will be subject to continuous monitoring for possible future conflicts.
D. | Holding Period Requirements |
Access Persons cannot sell a Reportable Security within 30 days of its purchase or re-purchase a Reportable Security for a period of 30 days of its sale. Approved Securities purchased in an Initial Public Offering also must be held for at least 30 days. Hardship exceptions to this 30-day holding period requirement may be granted at the discretion of the Chief Compliance Officer or his/her designee.
E. | Reporting Requirements |
Every Access Person shall provide initial and annual holdings reports and quarterly transaction reports relating to their Account(s) to the Chief Compliance Officer or his/her designee that must contain the information described below. Access Persons are responsible for reporting on any new Account(s) within thirty (30) days of the assignment of an account number to such Account from the brokerage firm/custodian and the availability of an account statement. No transactions may occur in any new Account prior to its approval by the Chief Compliance Officer or his/her designee.
1. | Initial Holdings Report |
Every Access Person shall, no later than ten (10) days after the person becomes an Access Person, file an initial holdings report through Schwab CT containing the following information:
· | The title and exchange ticker symbol or CUSIP number, type of Security, number of shares and principal amount (if applicable) of each Security in which the Access Person had any direct or indirect Beneficial Ownership when the person becomes an Access Person; |
· | The name of any broker, dealer or bank, account name, account number and location with whom the Access Person maintained an Account in which any Securities were held; and |
· The date that the report is submitted by the Access Person.
The information submitted must be current as of a date no more than forty-five (45) days before the person became an Access Person.
2. | Annual Holdings Report |
Every Access Person shall, no later than January 30th each year, file an annual holdings report containing the same information required in the initial holdings report as described above. The information submitted must be current as of a date no more than forty-five (45) days before the annual report is submitted.
3. | Quarterly Transaction Reports |
Every Access Person must, no later than thirty (30) days after the end of each calendar quarter, file a quarterly transaction report containing the following information:
· With respect to any transaction during the quarter in a Reportable Security in which the Access Person had any direct or indirect Beneficial Ownership:
o | The date of the transaction, the title and exchange ticker symbol or CUSIP number, the interest rate and maturity date (if applicable), the number of shares and the principal amount (if applicable) of each ReportableSecurity; |
o | The nature of the transaction (i.e., purchase, sale or any other type of acquisition or disposition); |
o The price of the Reportable Security at which the transaction was effected;
o | The name of the broker, dealer or bank with or through whom the transaction was effected; and |
o The date the report is submitted by the Access Person.
The quarterly transaction report must also contain the name of the broker, dealer or bank with whom the Access Person established any account during the period in which Securities are held and the date the Account was established.
4. | Exempt Transactions |
An Access Person may not need to submit an initial holdings report, an annual holdings report, or a quarterly transaction report, and may be exempted from the above pre-clearance or holding period requirements, with respect to transactions effected for Securities held in any account over which the Access Person has no direct or indirect influence or control; provided, however, that in determining that an Access Person has no direct or indirect influence or control over a trust or Third Party Managed Account, the following shall be certified each quarter by the Access Person:
· | That the Access Person does not suggest or direct and did not in the most recent quarter suggest or direct that a third-party discretionary manager or trustee serving the Account make any particular purchases or sales of securities for the Account; and |
· | That the Access Person did not in the most recent quarter consult with the trustee or third- party discretionary manager serving the Account as to the particular allocation of investments to be made in the Account. |
In determining that an Access Person has no direct or indirect influence or control over a trust or Third Party Managed Account and in addition to the quarterly certifications, the Gemini Companies may:
· | Require the Access Person to provide information about a trustee or third-party discretionary manager’s relationship with such Access Person (i.e., independent professional versus friend or relative; unaffiliated versus affiliated firm); and |
· | On a periodic or sample basis, request reports on holdings and/or transactions made in the trust or discretionary account; provided, that annual holdings reports will be required for all Third Party Managed Accounts in which Reportable Securities may be held. |
Unless otherwise required by the Chief Compliance Officer, an Access Person need not submit quarterly transaction reports with respect to transactions effected pursuant to (i) an Automatic Investment Plan, or
(ii) with respect to transactions that would duplicate information contained in Securities transaction confirmations or brokerage account statements that the Gemini Companies hold in its records so long as the Gemini Companies receive the confirmations or statements no later than 30 days after the end of the applicable calendar quarter.
5. | Monitoring and Review of Personal Securities Transactions |
The Chief Compliance Officer or his/her designee will monitor and review all reports required under this Code for compliance with the Gemini Companies’ policies regarding personal Securities transactions and applicable SEC rules and regulations. The Chief Compliance Officer may also initiate inquiries of Access Persons regarding personal Securities trading. Access Persons are required to cooperate with such inquiries and any monitoring or review procedures employed by the Gemini Companies. Any transactions for any accounts of the Chief Compliance Officer will be reviewed and approved by other compliance or legal personnel responsible for oversight of this Code. The Chief Compliance Officer shall routinely, via the Schwab CT system, identify all Access Persons who are required to file reports pursuant to this Code and will inform such Access Persons of their reporting obligations. The Chief Compliance Officer may exempt temporary or part-time employees or independent contractors from certain reporting requirements of this Code if they are determined not to be an Access Person.
· | Employee Transactions in NorthStar 401(k) Account— While an employee participating in NorthStar’s 401(k) plan ordinarily is not required to report transactions occurring in such employee’s respective 401(k) account, the Chief Compliance Officer or his/her designee reserves the right to monitor such accounts for any abusive trading practices that would violate this Code, including an employee’s investment allocation changes within his/her NorthStar 401(k) account as they relate to investments in Restricted Funds. For the avoidance of doubt, it is a violation of this Code for an employee to change an allocation to Restricted Funds within his/her NorthStar 401(k) account on the basis of non-public information such employee may have regarding Restricted Funds. |
· | Employee Transactions in NorthStar 401(k) Self-Directed Brokerage Account (“SDBA”) |
—E mployees who choose to participate in the NorthStar SDBA will need to add the account to Schwab CT and, once the account has been approved, will need to pre-clear trades within the SDBA. Consistent with this Code, employees will not need to pre-clear the purchase of mutual funds, unless the fund is an ETF or a Restricted Fund, as defined in this Code.
VII. | Interested Transactions |
No Supervised Person shall recommend any Securities transactions for a client without having disclosed his or her interest, if any, in such Securities or the issuer thereof, including without limitation:
· any direct or indirect Beneficial Ownership of any Securities of such issuer;
· any contemplated transaction by such person in such Securities;
· any position with such issuer or its affiliates; and
· | any present or proposed business relationship between such issuer or its affiliates and such person or any party in which such person has a significant interest. |
VIII. | Gifts and Entertainment |
Giving, receiving or soliciting gifts or entertainment in a business setting may create an appearance of impropriety or may raise a potential conflict of interest. The Gemini Companies have adopted the policies set forth below to guide Supervised Persons in this area.
A. | General Policy |
The Gemini Companies’ policy with respect to gifts and entertainment is as follows:
· | Supervised Persons should not accept or provide any gifts, entertainment or favors that might influence the decisions the Supervised Persons or the recipients must make in business transactions involving the Gemini Companies, or that others might reasonably believe would influence those decisions. Entertainment that satisfies these requirements and conforms to generally accepted business practices is permissible. |
· | Modest gifts and favors (e.g., those valued at under $100), which would not be regarded by others as improper, may be accepted or given on an occasional basis. |
· | Where there is a law or rule that applies to the conduct of a particular business or the acceptance of gifts or entertainment of even nominal value, the law or rule must be followed. |
B. | Reporting Requirements |
· | Any Supervised Person who accepts, directly or indirectly, anything of value (other than attendance fees or travel related reimbursements in connection with the participation at an industry related conference or seminar) from any person or entity that does business with or on behalf of the Gemini Companies, including gifts and gratuities, must obtain consent from the Chief Compliance Officer or his/her designee before accepting such gift. Such consent must be requested and tracked through the Schwab CT reporting system. In the event the circumstances do not permit you to obtain consent prior to accepting such gift, you must notify the Chief Compliance Officer as promptly as possible. |
· | This reporting requirement applies to all entertainment, regardless of whether you are accompanied by the person or representative of the entity that does business with the Gemini Companies; however, this reporting requirement does not apply to bona fide dining if, during such dining, you are accompanied by the person or representative of the entity that does business with the Gemini Companies. |
· | This gift reporting requirement is for the purpose of helping the Gemini Companies monitor the activities of its employees. However, the reporting of a gift does not relieve any Supervised Person from the obligations and policies set forth in this Section or anywhere else in this Code. If you have any questions or concerns about the appropriateness of any gift, please consult the Chief Compliance Officer. |
IX. | Protecting the Confidentiality of Client Information |
A. | Confidential Client Information |
In the course of providing its services, the Gemini Companies may gain access to non-public information about its clients. Such information may include a person's status as a client, personal financial and account information, the allocation of assets in a client portfolio, the composition of investments in any client portfolio, information relating to services performed for or transactions entered into on behalf of clients, advice provided by the Gemini Companies to clients, and data or analyses derived from such non-public personal information (collectively referred to as “Confidential Client Information”). All Confidential Client Information, whether relating to the Gemini Companies’ current or former clients, is subject to this Code's policies and procedures. Any doubts about the confidentiality of information must be resolved in favor of confidentiality.
B. | Non-Disclosure of Confidential Client Information |
All information regarding the Gemini Companies’ clients is confidential. Information may only be disclosed when the disclosure is consistent with the Gemini Companies’ policies and the client's direction. The Gemini Companies does not share Confidential Client Information with any third parties, except in the following circumstances:
· | As necessary to provide service that the client requested or authorized, or to maintain and service the client's account. The Gemini Companies will require that any financial intermediary, agent or other service provider utilized by the Gemini Companies (such as broker-dealers or sub-advisers) comply with substantially similar standards for non-disclosure and protection of Confidential Client Information and use the information provided by the Gemini Companies only for the performance of the specific service requested by the Gemini Companies; |
· | As required by regulatory authorities or law enforcement officials who have jurisdiction over the Gemini Companies, or as otherwise required by any applicable law. In the event the Gemini Companies is compelled to disclose Confidential Client Information, the Gemini Companies shall provide prompt notice to the clients affected, so that the clients may seek a protective order or other appropriate remedy. If no protective order or other appropriate remedy is obtained, the Gemini Companies shall disclose only such information, and only in such detail, as is legally required; or |
· To the extent reasonably necessary to prevent fraud, unauthorized transactions or liability.
C. | Employee Responsibilities |
All employees are prohibited, either during or after the termination of their employment from disclosing Confidential Client Information to any person or entity outside of the Gemini Companies, including Family Members, except under the circumstances described above. A Supervised Person is permitted to disclose Confidential Client Information only to such other Supervised Persons who need to have access to such information to deliver services to the client.
Supervised Persons are also prohibited from making unauthorized copies of any documents or files containing Confidential Client Information and, upon termination of their employment with the Gemini
Companies, must return any and all such documents to the Gemini Companies.
Any Supervised Person who violates the non-disclosure policy described above will be subject to disciplinary action, including possible termination, whether or not he or she benefited from the disclosed information.
D. | Security of Confidential Personal Information |
The Gemini Companies enforce the following policies and procedures to protect the security of Confidential Client Information:
· | The Gemini Companies restrict access to Confidential Client Information to those Supervised Persons who need to know such information to provide the Gemini Companies’ services to clients. |
· | Any Supervised Person who is authorized to have access to Confidential Client Information in connection with the performance of such person's duties and responsibilities is required to keep such information in a secure compartment, file or receptacle on a daily basis as of the close of each business day. |
· All electronic or computer files containing any Confidential Client Information shall be password secured and firewall protected from access by unauthorized persons.
· | Any conversations involving Confidential Client Information, if appropriate at all, must be conducted by Supervised Persons in private, and care must be taken to avoid any unauthorized persons overhearing or intercepting such conversations. |
E. | Privacy Policy |
The Gemini Companies have adopted a privacy policy to comply with SEC Regulation S-P, which requires the adoption of policies and procedures to protect the “nonpublic personal information” of natural person clients. “Nonpublic personal information,” under Regulation S-P includes personally identifiable financial information and any list, description, or grouping that is derived from personally identifiable financial information. Personally identifiable financial information is defined to include information supplied by individual clients, information resulting from transactions and information obtained in providing products or services. The policies and procedures adopted by the Gemini Companies serve to safeguard the information of natural person clients.
F. Enforcement and Review of Confidentiality and Privacy Policies
The Chief Compliance Officer, in conjunction with the Gemini Companies’ legal department, is responsible for reviewing, maintaining and enforcing the Gemini Companies’ confidentiality and privacy policies and is also responsible for conducting appropriate employee training to ensure adherence to these policies. Any exceptions to this policy require the written approval of the legal department.
X. | Service as a Director |
Except with respect to Supervised Persons solely as a result of their service as a non-employee director, manager, or officer, or their engagement as an independent contractor, no Supervised Person shall serve on the board of directors of any publicly traded company without prior authorization by the Chief Compliance Officer or a designated supervisory person based upon a determination that such board service would be consistent with the interest of the Gemini Companies’ clients. Where board service is approved the Gemini Companies shall implement a “Chinese Wall” or other appropriate procedure to isolate such person from making decisions relating to the company’s securities.
XI. | Certification |
A. | Initial Certification |
All Supervised Persons will be provided with a copy of this Code and must initially certify in writing to the Chief Compliance Officer that they have: (i) received a copy of this Code; (ii) read and understand all provisions of this Code; (iii) agreed to abide by this Code; and (iv), reported all account holdings as required by this Code.
B. | Amendments |
All Supervised Persons shall receive any amendments to this Code and agree to abide by this Code as amended.
C. | Annual Certification |
All Supervised Persons must annually certify in writing to the Chief Compliance Officer that they have: (i) read and understood all provisions of this Code, as amended; (ii) complied with all requirements of this Code; and (iii) submitted all holdings and transaction reports as required by this Code.
D. | Further Information |
Supervised Persons should contact the Chief Compliance Officer regarding any inquiries pertaining to this Code or the policies established herein.
XII. | Records |
The Chief Compliance Officer, in conjunction with the Gemini Companies’ legal department, shall maintain and cause to be maintained in a readily accessible place the following records:
· | A copy of any code of ethics adopted by the Gemini Companies that is or has been in effect during the past five years; |
· | A record of any violation of any code of ethics adopted by the Gemini Companies and any action that was taken as a result of such violation for a period of five years from the end of the fiscal year in which the violation occurred; |
· | A record of all written acknowledgements of receipt of the Code and amendments thereto for each person who is currently, or within the past five years was, a Supervised Person which shall be retained for five years after the individual ceases to be a Supervised Person; |
· | A copy of each report made pursuant to Investment Company Act Rule 17j-1, including any brokerage confirmations, account statements or data feeds made in lieu of these reports; |
· A list of all persons who are, or within the preceding five years have been, AccessPersons; and
· | A record of any decision and reasons supporting such decision to approve a Supervised Persons' acquisition of Securities in Initial Public Offerings and Limited Offerings within the past five years after the end of the fiscal year in which such approval is granted. |
XIII. | Reporting Violations and Sanctions |
All Supervised Persons shall promptly report to the Chief Compliance Officer or his/her designee all apparent violations of this Code. Any retaliation for the reporting of a violation under this Code will constitute a violation of this Code.
The Chief Compliance Officer shall promptly report to senior management all apparent material violations of this Code. When the Chief Compliance Officer finds that a violation otherwise reportable to senior management could not be reasonably found to have resulted in a fraud, deceit, or a manipulative practice in violation of the securities laws or rules, he/she may, in his/her discretion, submit a written memorandum of such finding and the reasons therefore to a reporting file created for this purpose in lieu of reporting the matter to senior management.
Senior management shall consider reports made to it hereunder and shall determine whether or not this Code has been violated and what sanctions, if any, should be imposed. Possible sanctions may include reprimands, monetary fine or assessment, or suspension or termination of the employee’s employment. In accordance with the Defend Trade Secrets Act of 2016 and other applicable law, nothing in this Code restricts disclosure of trade secrets to the government in relation to the investigation of a known or reasonably suspected violation of applicable law.
If a Supervised Person does not wish to report an apparent violation or unethical behavior to the Chief Compliance Officer, such Supervised Person can utilize the NorthStar Whistleblower/AlertLine (“AlertLine”).
Unethical behavior can include violations of federal, state or local laws; any material violation of this Code; billing for services not performed or for goods not delivered; and other fraudulent financial reporting. Illegal or dishonest activities may be related to: diversity, equal opportunity and respect in the workplace; employee relations (inappropriate behavior/unfair employment practices); health and safety; misuse or misappropriation of assets or information; violations of SEC and FINRA rules and policies; and/or policy and process integrity.
The AlertLine is not a substitute for meaningful communication between the Supervised Person and their manager. The Chief Compliance Officer or the Supervised Person’s manager is often the best and safest option for discussing concerns of an ethical nature. If, however, a Supervised Person believes that to be inappropriate in their case, they can report ethical misconduct or simply get more information by logging on to https://northstar.alertline.com or by calling the AlertLine at 1-855-343-6082 .
The AlertLine is confidential, easy to use, and is operated by a third-party provider, which specializes in this type of service. Supervised Persons will have two options for reporting concerns: 1.) Online by logging on to the website at https://northstar.alertline.com and filling in important information fields regarding the nature of the report, or 2.) Call the AlertLine number at 1-855-343-6082 to speak with a live operator, who will ask relevant questions. Calls are toll-free and both methods are available 24 hours a day, seven days a week. Regardless of which method an employee chooses, the AlertLine system will prepare a report and forward it to the appropriate person for review and, if necessary, investigation.
XIV. | Ethics Training |
The Chief Compliance Officer or his/her designee will provide training to all Supervised Persons on at least an annual basis regarding the topics included in this Code. It shall be the responsibility of the Chief Compliance Officer to ensure that evidence of any communication and training conducted, including specified dates and attendees. Such training can be provided in-person or electronically, at the Chief Compliance Officer’s discretion.
With respect to employees and associated persons of GAF, the ethics training shall include, but not be limited to, the following:
· | An explanation of the applicable laws and regulations and rules of self-regulatory organizations or contract markets and registered derivatives transaction execution facilities; |
· GAF’s obligation to the public to observe just and equitable principles oftrade;
· How to act honestly and fairly and with due skill, care, and diligence in the best interest of customers and the integrity of the markets;
· How to establish effective supervisory systems and internal controls;
· Obtaining and assessing the financial situation and investment experience of customers;
· Disclosure of material information to customers; and
· Avoidance, proper disclosure, and handling of conflicts of interest.
Schedule A
Designated Custodians*
TD Ameritrade, Inc. Charles Schwab & Co, Inc. Fidelity
E*Trade
*Please note that this list may be amended at the Chief Compliance Officer’s discretion.
Schedule B
Frequently Asked Questions About Code of Ethics
Persons Subject to Code:
1. | Why are some Code requirements applicable to “Supervised Persons” while others refer to “Access Persons”? As a Gemini Companies employee, what applies to me? |
Under applicable regulatory requirements, certain provisions of the Code are required to be applicable to “Supervised Persons” while others are focused on “Access Persons”. You are a “Supervised Person” if you are an employee or officer of the Gemini Companies, an independent contractor working with the Gemini Companies who obtains confidential information regarding the Gemini Companies’ clients as part of your engagement, or you provide advice on behalf of the Gemini Companies and you’re subject to the Gemini Companies’ supervision and control. “Access Persons” are a subset of this group who are given access to nonpublic information regarding any client’s purchase or sale of Securities, nonpublic information regarding the portfolio holdings of any Restricted Fund, or you’re involved in making Securities recommendations to clients. In reality, because of the close affiliation of our Gemini Companies, almost every “Supervised Person” will also be considered an “Access Person”. Non- employee directors/managers and registered representatives of NLD who do not make Securities recommendations to NLD clients are the primary examples of individuals who would be considered “Supervised Persons” but not “AccessPersons”.
Bottom Line: If you are an employee of the Gemini Companies, all provisions of the Code apply to you with very limited exception.
Accounts Covered by Code:
1. | What accounts do I need to disclose on Schwab CT? |
Any Account of an employee or their Family Members and any Account in which he or she has Beneficial Ownership, such as trust and custodial accounts or other accounts in which you exercise investment discretion should be disclosed. Please note that for this purpose, “Family Member” includes not only relatives by blood, marriage, or otherwise, but also an unrelated individual who either resides with, is financially dependent upon, or whose investments are controlled by you, such as a “significant other”. Any questions regarding the coverage of non-Family Members will be reviewed on a case-by- case basis.
There are limited exceptions to this definition that include your NorthStar 401(k) account (unless you participate in the Self-Directed Brokerage Account (“SDBA”) as part of the 401(k) Plan) and any account that you do not exercise control over, as further explained in Section VI.E.5 of the Code. For example, if you are the beneficiary of a trust but have no knowledge of the specific management actions taken by the trustee and no right to intervene in the trustee’s management, such “blind trust” account would be
excluded from the disclosure requirement.
The Gemini Companies do not need information about your checking and savings accounts maintained at a bank, credit union or trust company, unless these accounts maintain Security holdings.
2. | What if I am a beneficiary on an account? |
If you are named as a beneficiary on an account or trust but have no knowledge or control of the specific actions taken by the trustee and no right to intervene in the trustee’s management, you would not have to disclose the trust account. If you have more contact with the account or trust, you may need to disclose the account on Schwab CT, but you may not have to pre-clear transactions until you become in control of the assets. These situations will be reviewed on a case-by-case basis.
3. | How do I disclose an account in Schwab CT? |
On your first day of employment, you will receive an email from Schwab CT prompting you to login and complete the required attestations as a new employee. One of your attestations will require you to disclose any accounts you or any Family Member have. For any non-brokerage accounts, you are required to upload a copy of the most recent quarterly or monthly statement. (Non-brokerage accounts would include accounts held directly at a mutual fund, college savings plan account, etc.)
4. | Are there restrictions on the custodians that can hold my trading Account? |
Yes, please refer to Section VI.B.1 which contains the Gemini Companies’ policy on Designated Custodians. You can find the list of current Designated Custodians on Schedule A; however, please note that the Chief Compliance Officer has discretion to amend this list as necessary in his or her sole discretion.
5. | Why do my personal brokerage and trading Accounts have to be held at a Designated Custodian? |
By using a Designated Custodian, the Gemini Companies are able to obtain daily feeds of trade activities in Accounts, which assists us in administering the Code effectively and efficiently.
6. | If my Family Member or I have Accounts at firms not listed on Schedule A, will they have to be moved? |
Yes, unless the Account is a non-brokerage account holding Securities such as accounts held directly at a mutual fund, college savings plan account, etc., the Account must be transferred within 30 days from initial commencement of employment unless otherwise authorized by the Chief Compliance Officer or his/her designee. With non-brokerage accounts, you will need to upload a copy of a recent statement for each Account.
7. | If my current brokerage firm charges me a fee to move my Account, will the Gemini Companies pay thatfee? |
No, you will have to pay any fees associated with transferring your Account.
8. | What if I have a Third Party Managed Account? |
The establishment of a Third Party Managed Account requires pre-approval by the Chief Compliance Officer or his/her designee. To request approval, please follow the instructions to “Add a New Account” in the Schwab CT System.
Pre-Clearance:
1. | How do I submit a pre-clearance request for a trade? |
Pre-clearance requests must be approved by the Chief Compliance Officer or his/her designee prior to executing and can be submitted through the Schwab CT system by clicking on “Create a pre-clearance” on the home screen under “Quick Links”.
2. | How long do I have to complete my trade after it has been pre-cleared? |
Pre-clearance approval is effective for up to two business days after approval depending on the timing of submission. For purposes of calculating the two business day requirement, Schwab CT considers the first business day to be the day of approval if that approval is received during business hours. For example, if you pre-clear a trade at market open on a Monday, you’d have until market close on Tuesday to complete. If you pre-clear a trade over the weekend, you would also have until market close on Tuesday to complete; however, if you pre-clear a trade immediately prior to market close on a Monday, you’d still only have until market close on Tuesday to complete. If you pre-clear a trade after market hours on Monday, you’d then have until market close on Wednesday to complete.
3. | If I want to purchase a mutual fund, do I have to get permission/approval first? |
No, unless the fund is an ETF or a Restricted Fund.
4. | If I want to sell a security (or close out an option position) I purchased before I started working here, does this trade require pre-clearance? |
Yes, all trades (buy or sell orders) made while you are an Access Person of the Gemini Companies must be pre-cleared.
5. | If I place a trade while I am out of the office (on vacation for example), do I need to seek a pre-clearance approval request? |
Yes, all trades (buy or sell orders) made while you are an Access Person of the Gemini Companies must be pre-cleared, regardless of your location.
6. | If my spouse places a trade, not me, do I still need a pre-clearance approval request? |
Yes, regardless of who places the trade, pre-clearance for trades in Reportable Securities in your Accounts or the Accounts of your Family Members must always be received.
7. | I executed a trade in my Account yesterday and entered in a pre-clearance request this morning, is thatokay? |
No. You must always seek pre-clearance approval before placing any trades in your Account.
8. | I want to place a limit order, stop order, or stop-limit order but I only have up to two business days to execute my trade, does this mean I have to seek pre-clearance approval every day? |
The initial establishment of such an order would require pre-clearance; however, if the terms of such order remain unchanged and the order remains active, it is not necessary to withdraw and re-submit the same order if it is not executed within two business days, unless required by the Chief Compliance Officer or his/her designee. Such orders will be held open for twenty-five business days if no changes are made. After the conclusion of the twenty-five business days, you will need to withdraw and resubmit the order for pre-clearance again. Any changes to an outstanding limit order, stop order, or stop-limit order would need to be submitted for pre-clearance approval.
9. | How long does it take for a pre-clearance request to be approved or denied? |
Pre-clearance requests are reviewed and approved or denied within 24 hours; however, such requests are generally approved or denied much sooner than 24 hours.
10. | Do I need pre-clearance if trades occur in my Third Party Managed Account? |
If your Third Party Managed Account has been pre-approved by the Chief Compliance Officer or his/her designee, it is not necessary to pre-clear trades if all activity in the Account occurs at the discretion of the third party manager only. However, you will need to comply with the reporting requirements for such a Third-Party Managed Account and ensure that your most recent statement is uploaded on an at least an annual basis for such Account (or more frequently if deemed necessary by the Chief Compliance Officer).
11. | Can I buy shares of an Initial Public Offering (IPO)? |
You may not acquire shares of an IPO unless you receive prior written approval from the Chief Compliance Officer or his/her designee through the Schwab CT system. You are required to provide full details of the proposed transaction and certify that this opportunity did not arise through activities on behalf of a client. Please note, this restriction applies to spouses, children, and other Family Members and their Accounts. This also applies to private or Limited Offerings.
12. | Do I have to have pre-clearance for trades in the NorthStar 401(k) Self-Directed Brokerage Account (“SDBA”)? |
Yes, you will generally be required to pre-clear trades in your SDBA. When you establish your SDBA, you will need to add the account to Schwab CT and, once the account has been approved, you will need to pre- clear trades within the SDBA. Consistent with this Code, you will not need to pre-clear the purchase of mutual funds, unless the fund is an ETF or a Restricted Fund, as defined in this Code.
Holding Requirements:
1. How long must I hold a Reportable Security or wait before purchasing a Reportable Security?
You cannot sell a Reportable Security within 30 days of its purchase or purchase a Reportable Security within less than 30 days following its sale. This requirement also applies to Reportable Securities transactions in an Account for one of your Family Members.
Reporting Requirements:
1. What are my quarterly and annual reporting obligations?
On an ongoing basis, you will be prompted to certify your understanding and compliance with the reporting requirements of the Code on a quarterly basis. Reporting through Schwab CT to confirm your covered Accounts and investments/transactions is also completed on a quarterly basis.
In addition, you are subject to an annual requirement to update your current holdings in your Accounts and provide your most recent Account statement. This requirement applies even to Third-Party Managed Accounts and other Accounts you are required to disclose but for which transactions are excluded from the pre-clearance requirement.
Further, with respect to Third-Party Managed Accounts or other Accounts for which you have no direct control or influence, you must also confirm your lack of control over such Accounts on a quarterly basis.
Gifts and Entertainment:
1. | May I accept gifts? |
You should not accept or provide any gifts that may influence, or be motivated by, certain employee decisions. Modest gifts and favors, which would not be regarded by others as improper, may be accepted or given on an occasional basis; provided that all gifts should be logged into Schwab CT, regardless of value.
2. | Are there any exceptions to the reporting of gifts? |
There are limited exceptions to the Code’s requirement to provide information on any gifts received/given in Schwab CT for approval and you should generally report all gifts in Schwab CT, regardless of the circumstances. Please note, however, that personal gifts such as a wedding gift or a congratulatory gift for the birth of a child would generally not be considered a reportable gift unless the gift is in relation to your business with the third party.
3. | What is my reporting obligation with respect to entertainment? |
All entertainment that is received in connection with a business relationship must be reported, regardless of value and regardless of whether you are accompanied by the person or representative of the entity that does business with the Gemini Companies. For example, if a business contact provides
you tickets to a concert, you must disclose the concert tickets in Schwab CT. This requirement applies regardless of whether the business contact attends the entertainment with you. Note that there is an exception for meals with business contacts. Industry conferences also are typically excluded from being considered entertainment even if entertainment (e.g., golf) is included as part of the conference agenda as long as the entertainment is generally offered to all conference participants.
4. | Schwab CT asks me to include a value of the gift/entertainment I’m reporting. What if I don’t know the value? |
In general, gifts and entertainment should be valued at the higher of the cost or market value, exclusive of tax and delivery charges. When valuing tickets, you should use the higher of cost or face value and include not only the value of your ticket but also any other tickets given for your use. For example, if you are given two tickets to the College World Series from a business contact and you take your spouse, you should include the value of both tickets in your Schwab CT report.
Schwab CT Administration:
1. | What is my Schwab CT password? |
If you have forgotten your Schwab CT password, please click on the “forgot password” link on the Schwab CT login page and a new password will be emailed to you. Your compliance department will not have your password.
2. | How do I know if I’ve completed all of my compliance affirmations in Schwab CT? |
The Home page of Schwab CT will show you any outstanding items. Should an item be listed, you must click on that item and complete any required actions.
Code Violations:
1. What are the repercussions of a violation of the Code of Ethics?
Each violation of the Code is considered in relation to the facts and circumstances to determine the materiality of a particular violation. The Chief Compliance Officer will report to senior management all apparent material violations of the Code. Senior management shall consider any Code violations and determine what sanctions, if any, should be imposed. Possible sanctions include reprimands, monetary fines or assessments, or suspension or termination of an employee’s employment with the Gemini Companies.
Schedule C
Summary of Reporting Requirements
I. Account Reporting Requirements
This list is not all inclusive and may be updated from time to time. Accounts are required to be reported in Schwab CT initially and within 30 days of opening.
Account Type | Reporting Required?* |
Brokerage at Designated Custodian | Yes |
Brokerage at non-Designated Custodian (requires specific approval) | Yes |
Non-Brokerage | Yes |
Mutual Fund (non-ETF and non-Restricted Fund) | Yes |
ETF | Yes |
DRIP (Dividend Reinvestment Program) | Yes |
ESOP (Employee Stock Option Plan) | Yes |
401(k) (excluding NorthStar 401(k)) | Yes |
NorthStar 401(k) Self-Directed Brokerage Account (SDBA) | Yes |
Family Member’s 401(k) or Other Employer- Sponsored Retirement Plan Account | Yes |
Third Party Managed Account | Yes |
Qualified Tuition Programs (such as 529 Plan) | Yes |
Variable Annuities | Yes |
Certificates of Deposit | No |
Currency | No |
Checking or Other Non-Securities Bank Account | No |
* If “Yes”, then reporting is required for your Accounts, your Family Members’ Accounts, and any other person’s Accounts where you may have Beneficial Ownership.
II. Pre-Clearance and Reporting by Security Type
This list may not be all inclusive and may be updated from time to time.
Security Type | Pre-Clearance Required? | Quarterly Transaction Report Required? | Annual Holdings Report Required? |
Equity Securities (Common, Preferred, Convertible) | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Fund (excluding ETF and Restricted Fund) | No | No | Yes |
ETF | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Restricted Fund | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Warrants | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Rights | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Municipal Bond Securities | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Corporate Bond Securities | Yes | Yes | Yes |
High Yield Securities | Yes | Yes | Yes |
U.S. Treasury Securities | No | No | No |
Non-Government Debt Securities | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Foreign Government Issued Securities | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Money Market Instruments | No | No | No |
Limited Offerings (e.g., private placements) | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Security Futures | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Options, Forwards, and Futures on Commodities | No | No | No |
Options on Securities | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Options on Securities Indexes | No | No | No |
Futures on Securities Indexes | No | No | No |
Interests in Variable Annuity Products | No | Yes | Yes |
American Depositary Receipts (ADRs) | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Certificates of Deposit | No | No | No |
Commercial Paper | No | No | No |
Currency | No | No | No |