Item 1. Financial Statements

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited)

(Dollars in tables in thousands, unless otherwise noted)

Fortress Transportation and Infrastructure Investors LLC (the “Company,” “we,” “our” or “us”) is a Delaware limited liability company which, through its subsidiary, Fortress Worldwide Transportation and Infrastructure General Partnership (the “Partnership”), owns and leases aviation equipment and also owns and operates a short line railroad in North America, Central Maine and Québec Railway (“CMQR”), a multi-modal crude oil and refined products terminal in Beaumont, Texas (“Jefferson Terminal”), a deep-water port located along the Delaware River with an underground storage cavern and multiple industrial development opportunities (“Repauno”), and a multi-modal terminal located along the Ohio River with multiple industrial development opportunities, including a power plant under construction (“Long Ridge”). Additionally, we own and lease offshore energy equipment and shipping containers. We have four reportable segments, (i) Aviation Leasing, (ii) Jefferson Terminal, (iii) Railroad, and (iv) Ports and Terminals, which operate in two primary businesses, Equipment Leasing and Infrastructure (Note 16 ).

Basis of Accounting — The accompanying consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) and include the accounts of us and our subsidiaries.

Principles of Consolidation — We consolidate all entities in which we have a controlling financial interest and control over significant operating decisions, as well as variable interest entities (“VIEs”) in which we are the primary beneficiary. All significant intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated. All adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. The ownership interest of other investors in consolidated subsidiaries is recorded as non-controlling interest.

We use the equity method of accounting for investments in entities in which we exercise significant influence but which do not meet the requirements for consolidation. Under the equity method, we record our proportionate share of the underlying net income (loss) of these entities.

Use of Estimates — The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Risks and Uncertainties — In the normal course of business, we encounter several significant types of economic risk including credit, market, and capital market risks. Credit risk is the risk of the inability or unwillingness of a lessee, customer, or derivative counterparty to make contractually required payments or to fulfill its other contractual obligations. Market risk reflects the risk of a downturn or volatility in the underlying industry segments in which we operate, which could adversely impact the pricing of the services offered by us or a lessee’s or customer’s ability to make payments, increase the risk of unscheduled lease terminations and depress lease rates and the value of our leasing equipment or operating assets. Capital market risk is the risk that we are unable to obtain capital at reasonable rates to fund the growth of our business or to refinance existing debt facilities. We, through our subsidiaries, also conduct operations outside of the United States; such international operations are subject to the same risks as those associated with our United States operations as well as additional risks, including unexpected changes in regulatory requirements, heightened risk of political and economic instability, potentially adverse tax consequences and the burden of complying with foreign laws. We do not have significant exposure to foreign currency risk as all of our leasing arrangements and the majority of terminal services revenue and freight rail revenue are denominated in U.S. dollars.

Variable Interest Entities — The assessment of whether an entity is a VIE and the determination of whether to consolidate a VIE requires judgment. VIEs are defined as entities in which equity investors do not have the characteristics of a controlling financial interest or do not have sufficient equity at risk for the entity to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support from other parties. A VIE is required to be consolidated by its primary beneficiary, and only by its primary beneficiary, which is defined as the party who has the power to direct the activities of a VIE that most significantly impact its economic performance and who has the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits from the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE.

JGP Energy Partners LLC

During the quarter ended September 30, 2016, we initiated activities in our 50% owned joint venture, JGP Energy Partners LLC (“JGP”). The other 50% member to the joint venture is a third party ethanol producer. The purpose of the venture is to build storage capacity with capabilities to receive and/or distribute ethanol via water, rail or truck. Each member contributed up to $27 million (for a total of $54 million ) for the development and construction of the ethanol terminal facilities. JGP is governed by a designated operating committee selected by the members in proportion to their equity interests. JGP is solely reliant on its members to finance its activities and therefore is a VIE. We concluded that we are not the primary beneficiary of JGP as the members share equally in the risks and rewards and decision making authority of the entity; therefore, we do not consolidate JGP and account for this investment in accordance with the equity method. Refer to Note 6 for details.

Delaware River Partners LLC

On July 1, 2016, we, through Delaware River Partners LLC (“DRP”), a consolidated subsidiary, purchased the assets of Repauno, which consisted primarily of land, a storage cavern, and riparian rights for the acquired land, site improvements and rights. Upon acquisition there were no operational processes that could be applied to these assets that would result in outputs without significant green field development. We currently hold a 90% economic interest and a 100% voting interest in DRP. DRP is solely reliant on us to finance its activities and therefore is a VIE. We concluded that we were the primary beneficiary; and accordingly, DRP has been presented on a consolidated basis in the accompanying financial statements.

Ohio River Partners LLC

On June 16, 2017, we, through Ohio River Partners Shareholder LLC (“ORP”), a consolidated subsidiary, purchased the assets of Long Ridge which consisted primarily of land, buildings, railroad track, docks, water rights, site improvements and other rights. We purchased 100% of the interests in these assets. ORP is solely reliant on us to finance its activities and therefore is a VIE. We concluded that we were the primary beneficiary; accordingly, ORP has been presented on a consolidated basis in the accompanying financial statements.

Cash and Cash Equivalents — We consider all highly liquid short-term investments with a maturity of 90 days or less when purchased to be cash equivalents.

Restricted Cash — Restricted cash consists of prepaid interest and principal pursuant to the requirements of certain of our debt agreements (see Note 8 ), and funds set aside for the power plant construction at Long Ridge (see Note 5) and other qualifying construction projects at Jefferson Terminal.

Inventory — Commodities inventory is carried at the lower of cost or net realizable value on our balance sheet. Commodities are removed from inventory based on the average cost at the time of sale. As of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018 , we had commodities inventory of $ 11.0 million and $10.4 million , respectively, which is included in Other assets in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Deferred Financing Costs — Costs incurred in connection with obtaining long term financing are capitalized and amortized to interest expense over the term of the underlying loans. Unamortized deferred financing costs of $17.5 million and $14.5 million as of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018 , respectively, are recorded as a component of debt in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

We also have unamortized deferred revolver fees related to our revolving debt of $ 25.6 million and $ 2.4 million as of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018 , respectively, which are included in Other assets in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Amortization expense was $ 2.0 million an d $1.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018 , respectively, and is included in interest expense in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Revenue Recognition

Equipment Leasing Revenues

Operating Leases —We lease equipment pursuant to net operating leases. Operating leases with fixed rentals and step rentals are recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease, assuming no renewals. Revenue is not recognized when collection is not reasonably assured. When collectability is not reasonably assured, the customer is placed on non-accrual status and revenue is recognized when cash payments are received.

Generally, under our aircraft lease and engine agreements, the lessee is required to make periodic maintenance payments calculated based on the lessee’s utilization of the leased asset or at the end of the lease. Typically, under our aircraft lease agreements, the lessee is responsible for maintenance, repairs and other operating expenses throughout the term of the lease. These periodic maintenance payments accumulate over the term of the lease to fund major maintenance events, and we are contractually obligated to return maintenance payments to the lessee up to the amount paid by the lessee. In the event the total cost of maintenance events over the term of a lease is less than the cumulative maintenance payments, we are not required to return any unused or excess maintenance payments to the lessee.

Maintenance payments received for which we expect to repay to the lessee are presented as Maintenance Deposits in our Consolidated Balance Sheets. All excess maintenance payments received that we do not expect to repay to the lessee are recorded as Maintenance revenues.

Finance Leases —From time to time we enter into finance lease arrangements that include a lessee obligation to purchase the leased equipment at the end of the lease term, a bargain purchase option, or provides for minimum lease payments with a present value of 90% or more of the fair value of the leased equipment at the date of lease inception. Net investment in finance lease represents the minimum lease payments due from lessee, net of unearned income. The lease payments are segregated into principal and interest components similar to a loan. Unearned income is recognized on an effective interest method over the lease term and is recorded as finance lease income. The principal component of the lease payment is reflected as a reduction to the net investment in finance leases. Revenue is not recognized when collection is not reasonably assured. When collectability is not reasonably assured, the customer is placed on non-accrual status and revenue is recognized when cash payments are received.

Infrastructure Revenues

Rail Revenues —Rail revenues generally consist of the following performance obligations: freight movement, demurrage, unloading and switching. Freight movement revenues are recognized proportionally based on distance as freight is transported from origin to destination. Accordingly, freight movement revenue is recognized over time with progress measured based on distance transpired, i.e., as the services are rendered and the customer simultaneously receives and consumes the benefit over time. Demurrage, unloading and switching are recognized in other miscellaneous rail revenues, for which demurrage progress is measured over time, and unloading and switching revenues are measured at a point in time as the service is rendered.

Terminal Services Revenues —Terminal services are provided to customers for the receipt and redelivery of various commodities. These revenues are recognized over time, i.e., as the services are rendered and the customer simultaneously receives and consumes the benefit over time.

Lease Income —Lease income consists of rental income from tenants for storage space. Lease income is recognized on a straight-line basis over the term s of the relevant lease agreement.

Crude Marketing Revenues —Crude marketing revenues consists of marketing revenue related to Canadian crude oil. The revenues are recognized over time, i.e., as the services are rendered and the customer simultaneously receives and consumes the benefit over time.

Other Revenue —Other revenue primarily consists of revenue related to the handling, storage and sale of raw materials. Other revenue consists of two performance obligations: handling and storage of raw materials. The revenues are recognized over time, i.e., as the services are rendered and the customer simultaneously receives and consumes the benefit over time.

Payment terms for Infrastructure Revenues are generally short term in nature.

Leasing Arrangements — At contract inception, we evaluate whether an arrangement is or contains a lease for which we are the lessee (that is, arrangements which provide us with the right to control a physical asset for a period of time). Operating lease right-of-use (“ROU”) assets and lease liabilities are recognized in Operating lease right-of-use assets, net and Operating lease liabilities in our Consolidated Balance Sheets, respectively. Finance lease ROU assets are recognized in Property, plant and equipment, net and lease liabilities are recognized in Other liabilities in our Consolidated Balance Sheets.

All lease liabilities are measured at the present value of the unpaid lease payments, discounted using our incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at commencement date of the lease. ROU assets , for both operating and finance leases , are initially measured based on the lease liability, adjusted for prepaid rent and lease incentives. ROU assets are subsequently measured at the carrying amount of the lease liability adjusted for prepaid or accrued lease payments and lease incentives. The finance lease ROU assets are subsequently amortized using the straight-line method.

Operating lease expenses are recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. With respect to finance leases, amortization of the ROU asset is presented separately from interest expense related to the finance lease liability. Variable lease payments, which are primarily based on usage, are recognized when the associated activity occurs.

We have elected to combine lease and non-lease components for all lease contracts where we are the lessee. Additionally, for arrangements with lease terms of 12 months or less, we do not recognize ROU assets, and lease liabilities and lease payments are recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term with variable lease payments recognized in the period in which the obligation is incurred .

Concentration of Credit Risk — We are subject to concentrations of credit risk with respect to amounts due from customers on our finance leases and operating leases. We attempt to limit our credit risk by performing ongoing credit evaluations. During the three months ended March 31, 2019 , one customer in the Jefferson Terminal segment accounted for approximately 22% of total revenue. There were no customers with a revenue concentration over 10% of total revenue during the three months ended March 31, 2018.

As of March 31, 2019 , accounts receivable from one customer in the Jefferson Terminal segment represented 13% of total accounts receivable, net. As of December 31, 2018 , accounts receivable from two customers in the Jefferson Terminal segment each represented 17% and 15% of total accounts receivable, net.

We maintain cash and restricted cash balances, which generally exceed federally insured limits, and subject us to credit risk, in high credit quality financial institutions. We monitor the financial condition of these institutions and have not experienced any losses associated with these accounts.

Provision for Doubtful Accounts — We determine the provision for doubtful accounts based on our assessment of the collectability of our receivables on a customer-by-customer basis. The provision for doubtful accounts at March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018 was $ 1.2 million and $1.1 million , respectively. Bad debt expense was $ 3.0 million and $1.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018 , respectively, and is included in operating expenses in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Comprehensive Income (Loss) — Comprehensive income (loss) is defined as the change in equity of a business enterprise during a period from transactions and other events and circumstances, excluding those resulting from investments by and distributions to owners. Our comprehensive income (loss) represents net income (loss), as presented in the Consolidated Statements of Operations, adjusted for fair value changes related to derivatives accounted for as cash flow hedges.

Derivative Financial Instruments

Electricity Derivatives— We enter into derivative contracts as part of a risk management program to mitigate price risk associated with certain electricity price exposures. We primarily use swap derivative contracts, which are agreements to buy or sell a quantity of electricity at a predetermined future date and at a predetermined price.

Cash Flow Hedges

Certain of these derivative instruments are designated and qualify as cash flow hedges. The derivative's gain or loss is reported as a component of Other comprehensive income (loss) and recorded in Accumulated other comprehensive income in our Consolidated Balance Sheets. The gain or loss is subsequently reclassified into the income statement line item that is impacted by the forecasted transaction when the forecasted transaction affects net earnings.

Derivatives Not Designated As Hedging Instruments

Certain of these derivative instruments are not designated as hedging instruments for accounting purposes. The change in fair value of these contracts is recognized in Other income (expense) in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. The cash flow impact of derivative contracts that are not designated as hedging instruments is recognized in Change in fair value of non-hedge derivatives in our Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.

Commodity Derivatives— We also enter into short-term and long-term crude forward contracts. Gains and losses related to our crude sales and purchase derivatives are recorded on a gross basis and are included in Crude marketing revenues and Operating expenses, respectively, in our Consolidated Statements of Operations. See Note 11 for additional details. The cash flow impact of these derivatives is recognized in Change in fair value of non-hedge derivatives in our Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.

All of our outstanding derivatives are not used for speculative purposes. We record all derivative assets and liabilities on a gross basis at fair value and are included in Other assets and Other liabilities, respectively, in our Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Other Assets— Other assets is primarily comprised of commodities inventory of $ 11.0 million and $10.4 million , purchase deposits for acquisitions of $ 7.1 million and $10.2 million , lease incentives of $ 57.7 million and $51.0 million , deferred revolver fees, net of amortization of $ 25.6 million and $ 2.4 million , prepaid expenses of $ 12.9 million and $8.2 million and derivative assets of $ 7.6 million and $ 7.5 million as of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018 , respectively.

Dividends— Dividends are recorded if and when declared by the Board of Directors. For both the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018 , the Board of Directors declared a cash dividend of $0.33 per share.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements — In February 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2016-02, Leases (and subsequently issued ASU 2018-01, ASU 2018-10, ASU 2018-11, ASU 2018-20 and ASU 2019-01, collectively, “ASU 2016-02”). ASU 2016-02 amends the existing accounting standards for lease accounting, including requiring lessees to recognize most leases on their balance sheets and making targeted changes to lessor accounting.

On January 1, 2019, we adopted ASU 2016-02 using the modified retrospective approach. We utilized the effective date transition method and accordingly are not required to adjust our comparative period financial information for effects of ASU 2016-02. We have elected to adopt the ‘package of practical expedients’ which permits us not to reassess under the new standard our prior conclusions about lease identification (including land easements), lease classification and initial direct costs.

The adoption of ASU 2016-02 resulted in the recognition of ROU assets and lease liabilities of approximately $ 46 million in our Consolidated Balance Sheets as of January 1, 2019.

In August 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-12,  Derivatives and Hedging: Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities , which improves the financial reporting of hedging relationships to better represent the economic results of an entity’s risk management activities in its financial statements and make certain improvements to simplify the application of the hedge accounting guidance. The amendments will make more financial and nonfinancial hedging strategies eligible for hedge accounting, amend the presentation and disclosure requirements and change how entities assess effectiveness. Entities are required to apply the amendments as a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings as of the beginning of the first reporting period after adoption. On January 1, 2019, we adopted this standard and it did not have an impact on our consolidated financial statements as we did not have any hedging relationships prior to adoption.

In June 2018, the FASB, issued ASU 2018-07,  Improvements to Nonemployee Share-Based Payment Accounting to simplify the accounting for share-based payments to nonemployees by aligning it with the accounting for share-based payments to employees, with certain exceptions. The new guidance expands the scope of Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 718 to include share-based payments granted to nonemployees in exchange for goods or services used or consumed in an entity’s own operations and supersedes the guidance in ASC 505-50. On January 1, 2019, we adopted this standard and it did not have an impact on our consolidated financial statements.

Unadopted Accounting Pronouncements — In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-04, Intangibles—Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment (“ASU 2017-04”). ASU 2017-04 addresses concerns over the cost and complexity of the two-step goodwill impairment test by removing the second step of the test. An entity will apply a one-step quantitative test and record the amount of goodwill impairment as the excess of a reporting unit's carrying amount over its fair value, not to exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to the reporting unit. The new guidance does not amend the optional qualitative assessment of goodwill impairment. ASU 2017-01 will be effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, and interim periods within those fiscal years. We are currently evaluating the impact of adopting this new guidance on our consolidated financial statements.

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework - Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement . This ASU eliminates, adds and modifies certain disclosure requirements for fair value measurements as part of its disclosure framework project. The guidance is effective for all entities in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, and interim periods within those fiscal years, and early adoption is permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact of adopting this new guidance on our consolidated financial statements.

Leasing equipment, net is summarized as follows:

During the three months ended March 31, 2019 , we acquired five aircraft and eight commercial engines, and sold nine commercial engines.

Depreciation expense for leasing equipment is summarized as follows:

4. FINANCE LEASES, NET

Finance leases, net are summarized as follows:

We entered into two one -year sales-type lease agreements for the sale of two of our aircraft during the three months ended March 31, 2019 .

⁽¹⁾ Includes unproved oil and gas properties of $ 60,320 and $ 59,930 as of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018 , respectively.

During the three months ended March 31, 2019 , we added property, plant and equipment of $ 86.6 million , which primarily consists of terminal machinery and equipment placed in service or under development at Jefferson Terminal and Repauno, and assets under development at Jefferson Terminal and Long Ridge, including a power plant under construction.

Depreciation expense for property, plant and equipment is summarized as follows:

On February 15, 2019, our subsidiary, Long Ridge Energy Generation LLC (“LREG”), entered into an engineering, procurement and construction agreement (the “EPC Agreement”) with Kiewit Power Constructors Co. to construct a 485 megawatt natural gas fired, combined cycle power plant at Long Ridge Energy Terminal.

Additionally, on February 15, 2019, LREG entered into an agreement for the purchase of power generation equipment and related services (the “PIE Agreement”) with General Electric Company (“GE”) to acquire equipment and related services to be utilized at the power plant, including one combustion turbine, one condensing steam turbine, one hydrogen-cooled generator, one heat-recovery steam generator and related items.

The aggregate value of the EPC Agreement and the PIE Agreement is approximately $ 430 million .

Credit Agreements

On February 15, 2019, LREG and two other subsidiaries (collectively, "Co-Borrowers") entered into certain credit agreements establishing (i) a $ 445 million construction loan and term loan, (ii) a $ 154 million letter of credit facility and (iii) a $ 143 million construction loan and term loan, all of which will be used for the purposes of funding the development, construction and completion of the power plant. The interest costs incurred under these credit agreements for qualifying expenditures under construction are capitalized and included in the cost of the asset. Interest capitalization ceases once the asset is substantially complete or no longer undergoing activities to prepare it for its intended use.

See Note 8 for additional information related to the credit agreements.

Fixed Price Power Agreements

In connection with the construction of the power plant, LREG entered into fixed price power agreements for  457  megawatts of electric power. The agreements become effective on February 1, 2022, with  207  megawatts having a term of  ten years and  250  megawatts having a term of  seven years . Under the terms of the agreements, which are accounted for as derivatives, LREG receives a weighted average fixed price of $ 27.30  per megawatt hour and pays a variable price equal to the ELECTRICITY-PJM-AEP/DAYTON HUB-DAY AHEAD price. See Note 10 for additional information related to the fixed price power agreements.

The following table presents the ownership interests and carrying values of our investments:

We did not recognize any other-than-temporary impairments for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018 .

Equity Method Investments

The following table presents our proportionate share of equity in income (losses):