NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

MARCH 31, 2016

(Dollars in thousands, except per share data and unless otherwise indicated)

 

Note 1 – Organization, Business Environment and Basis of Presentation

Organization

Ocwen Financial Corporation (NYSE: OCN) (Ocwen, we, us and our) is a financial services holding company which, through its subsidiaries, originates and services loans. We are headquartered in West Palm Beach, Florida with offices located throughout the United States (U.S.) and in the United States Virgin Islands (USVI) and operations in India and the Philippines. Ocwen is a Florida corporation organized in February 1988.

Ocwen owns all of the common stock of its primary operating subsidiary, Ocwen Mortgage Servicing, Inc. (OMS), and directly or indirectly owns all of the outstanding stock of its other primary operating subsidiaries: Ocwen Loan Servicing, LLC (OLS), Ocwen Financial Solutions Private Limited (OFSPL), Homeward Residential, Inc. (Homeward), and Liberty Home Equity Solutions, Inc. (Liberty).

We perform primary and master servicer activities on behalf of investors and other servicers, including the Federal National Mortgage Association (Fannie Mae) and Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (Freddie Mac) (collectively, the GSEs), the Government National Mortgage Association (Ginnie Mae) and private-label securitizations (non-Agency). As primary servicer, we may be required to make certain payments of property taxes and insurance premiums, default and property maintenance payments, as well as advances of principal and interest payments before collecting them from borrowers. As master servicer, we collect mortgage payments from primary servicers and distribute the funds to investors in the mortgage-backed securities. To the extent the primary servicer does not advance the scheduled principal and interest, as master servicer we are responsible for advancing the shortfall subject to certain limitations.

We primarily originate, purchase, sell and securitize conventional (conforming to the underwriting standards of Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac; collectively referred to as Agency loans) and government-insured (Federal Housing Authority (FHA) or Department of Veterans Affairs (VA)) forward and reverse mortgages. The GSEs or Ginnie Mae guarantee these mortgage securitizations.

Business, Liquidity, Financing Activities and Management’s Plans

We are facing certain challenges and uncertainties that could have significant adverse effects on our business, liquidity and financing activities.

We have faced, and expect to continue to face, increased regulatory and public scrutiny as well as stricter and more comprehensive regulation of our business. We have entered into a number of regulatory settlements, which subject us to ongoing monitoring or reporting and which have significantly impacted our ability to grow our servicing portfolio. See Note 17 – Regulatory Requirements and Note 19 – Contingencies for further information regarding regulatory requirements, regulatory settlements and regulatory-related contingencies.

To the extent that an examination, monitorship, audit or other regulatory engagement results in an alleged failure by us to comply with applicable law, regulation or licensing requirement, or if allegations are made that we have failed to comply with the commitments we have made in connection with our regulatory settlements, or if other regulatory actions are taken in the future against us of a similar or different nature, this could lead to (i) loss of our licenses and approvals to engage in our servicing and lending businesses, (ii) governmental investigations and enforcement actions, (iii) administrative fines and penalties and litigation, (iv) civil and criminal liability, including class action lawsuits, (v) breaches of covenants and representations under our servicing, debt or other agreements, (vi) inability to raise capital and (vii) inability to execute on our business strategy. Any of these occurrences could increase our operating expenses and reduce our revenues, hamper our ability to grow or otherwise materially and adversely affect our business, reputation, financial condition and results of operations.

Given the intense regulatory scrutiny and the subsequent investments Ocwen has made in its risk and compliance infrastructure, we believe the underlying economics of our Servicing business have likely been changed for the foreseeable future. We believe it is unlikely Ocwen will achieve meaningful profitability in its Servicing business in the near term unless there is a significant, structural change in the business model. While we believe such structural change is probably unlikely in the current regulatory environment, we are nonetheless intensely focused on improving our operations to enhance borrower experiences and improve efficiencies, both of which we believe will drive stronger financial performance through lower overall costs.

We are also investing in our forward and reverse lending businesses and will continue to evaluate new adjacent market opportunities that are consistent with our strategic goals, such as providing secured floor plan lending to used car dealerships through our Automotive Capital Services (ACS) venture and providing financing to investors to purchase single family homes and apartments for lease through our Liberty Rental Finance venture. Our new ventures involve risks and uncertainties, including potential difficulties integrating new lines of business into our current infrastructure, the inability to achieve the expected financial results in a reasonable time frame, implementing and maintaining consistent standards, controls, policies and information systems, and diversion of management’s attention from other business matters. Further, our strategic initiatives could be impacted by factors beyond our control, such as general economic conditions and increased competition. The diversion of management’s attention and any delays or difficulties encountered in implementing our new strategic initiatives could negatively impact our business and results of operations. Further, the economic benefits that we anticipate from these strategic initiatives may not develop. There can be no assurance that we will be successful in returning to profitability. Our success will depend on market conditions and other factors outside of our control as well as successful operational execution. If we continue to experience losses, our share price, business, reputation, financial condition and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected.

New Residential Investment Corp. (NRZ) is an important business partner to which we have sold rights to receive servicing fees, excluding ancillary income (other than net income on custodial and escrow accounts), with respect to certain non-Agency mortgage servicing rights (MSRs), which we refer to as Rights to MSRs. As of March 31, 2016 , these Rights to MSRs relate to approximately $132.7 billion in unpaid principal balance (UPB) of our non-Agency MSRs. A level of future uncertainty exists regarding our relationship with NRZ, including with respect to the impact of our Standard & Poor’s Ratings Services (S&P) servicer rating under our agreements with NRZ beginning April 7, 2017. Under the Master Servicing Rights Purchase Agreement and Sale Supplements with NRZ, if a termination event related to our servicer rating exists with respect to any servicing agreement, NRZ will have the right to direct the transfer of servicing with respect to any affected servicing agreement to a licensed replacement servicer that obtains all required third-party consents. As of March 31, 2016, a termination event exists because our servicer rating from S&P is below Average. If our servicer rating from S&P is not upgraded to Average or better prior to April 7, 2017, NRZ will have the right to direct the transfer of any affected servicing agreements to a successor licensed servicer that obtains all required third-party consents. Following any such transfer, we would no longer be entitled to receive future servicing fee revenue with respect to any transferred servicing agreement. See Note 4 — Sales of Advances and MSRs for further information regarding our relationship with NRZ.

If we fail to comply with our debt agreements and are unable to avoid, remedy or secure a waiver of any resulting default, we may be subject to adverse action by our lenders, including termination of further funding, acceleration of outstanding obligations, enforcement of liens against the assets securing or otherwise supporting our obligations and other legal remedies. Our lenders can waive their contractual rights in the event of a default. Effective March 28, 2016 we entered into an amendment to our Senior Secured Term Loan (SSTL) which, among other things, removes in their entirety (including the consolidated total debt to consolidated tangible net worth ratio) or amends for the remaining term of the SSTL certain financial covenants and requires prepayments of $6.3 million on each of May 31, 2016, July 29, 2016 and September 30, 2016. As a result of this amendment, we project we will maintain compliance with our financial covenants during 2016. In order to avoid an event of default arising from a covenant breach, we could repay or refinance debt, among other actions. See Note 11 – Borrowings for further information regarding our debt agreements.

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformity with the instructions of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) to Form 10-Q and SEC Regulation S-X, Article 10, Rule 10-01 for interim financial statements. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (GAAP) for complete financial statements. In our opinion, the accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements contain all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, necessary for a fair presentation. The results of operations and other data for the three months ended March 31, 2016 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for any other interim period or for the year ending December 31, 2016 . The unaudited consolidated financial statements presented herein should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and related notes thereto included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015 .

Reclassifications

As a result of our retrospective adoption on January 1, 2016 of FASB Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2015-03, Interest—Imputation of Interest: Simplifying the Presentation of Debt Issuance Costs , and ASU 2015-15, Interest—Imputation of Interest: Presentation and Subsequent Measurement of Debt Issuance Costs Associated with Line-of-Credit Arrangements—Amendments to SEC Paragraphs Pursuant to Staff Announcement at June 18, 2015 EITF Meeting , unamortized debt issuance costs that are not related to revolving line-of-credit arrangements have been reclassified from other assets to other secured

borrowings and senior unsecured notes on the consolidated balance sheets, resulting in a reduction to the Company’s assets and liabilities of $23.5 million and $24.5 million at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively.

Use of Estimates and Assumptions

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires that management make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period and the related disclosures in the accompanying notes. Such estimates and assumptions include, but are not limited to, those that relate to fair value measurements, the provision for potential losses that may arise from litigation proceedings, and representation and warranty and other indemnification obligations. In developing estimates and assumptions, management uses all available information; however, actual results could materially differ from those estimates and assumptions.

Recently Issued Accounting Standards

Leases (ASU 2016-02)

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02 to increase transparency and comparability among organizations by recognizing lease assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet and disclosing key qualitative and quantitative information about leasing arrangements. A lessee will be required to recognize assets and liabilities for leases with lease terms of more than 12 months, regardless of whether the lease is classified as a finance or operating lease. Additional disclosures will help investors and financial statement users better understand the amount, timing and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leases. ASU 2016-02 will be effective for us on January 1, 2019, with early application permitted. We are currently evaluating the effect of adopting this standard.

Derivatives and Hedging: Effect of Derivative Contract Novations on Existing Hedge Accounting Relationships (ASU 2016-05)

In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-05 to clarify that a change in the counterparty to a derivative instrument that has been designated as a hedging instrument under FASB Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) Topic 815, Derivatives and Hedging , does not, in and of itself, require dedesignation of that hedging relationship provided that all other hedge accounting criteria continue to be met. ASU 2016-05 will be effective for us on January 1, 2017, with early adoption permitted, including adoption in an interim period. We do not anticipate that our adoption of this standard will have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

Derivatives and Hedging: Contingent Put and Call Options in Debt Instruments (ASU 2016-06)

In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-06 to clarify that in assessing whether embedded contingent put or call options that can accelerate the payment of principal on debt instruments are clearly and closely related to their debt hosts, an entity is required to apply only the four-step decision sequence in FASB ASC 815-15-25-42 (as amended by this ASU). An entity does not have to separately assess whether the event that triggers its ability to exercise the contingent option is itself indexed only to interest rates or credit risk. ASU 2016-06 will be effective for us on January 1, 2017, with early adoption permitted, including adoption in an interim period. We are currently evaluating the effect of adopting this standard.

Investments - Equity Method and Joint Ventures: Simplifying the Transition to the Equity Method of Accounting (ASU 2016-07)

In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-07 to simplify the transition to the equity method of accounting as part of its simplification initiative to reduce cost and complexity in accounting standards while maintaining or improving the usefulness of the information provided to the users of financial statements. This standard requires that an equity method investor add the cost of acquiring the additional interest in the investee to the current basis of the investor’s previously held interest and adopt the equity method of accounting as of the date the investment qualifies for equity method accounting, rather than adjusting the investment retroactively. This standard also requires that an entity that has an available-for-sale equity security that qualifies for the equity method of accounting recognize through earnings the unrealized holding gain or loss in accumulated other comprehensive income at the date the investment qualifies for use of the equity method. ASU 2016-07 will be effective for us on January 1, 2017, with early application permitted. We are currently evaluating the effect of adopting this standard.

Revenue from Contracts with Customers: Principal versus Agent Considerations (ASU 2016-08)

In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-08 to clarify the implementation guidance included in FASB ASC Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers , related to principal versus agent considerations and add illustrative examples to assist in the application of the guidance. When another party is involved in providing goods or services to a customer, an entity is required to determine whether the nature of its promise is that of a principal -- providing the specified good or service itself, or that of an agent -- arranging for that good or service to be provided by the other party. An entity is a principal if it controls the

specified good or service before that good or service is transferred to a customer. ASU 2016-08 will be effective for us on January 1, 2018, with early application permitted. We are currently evaluating the effect of adopting this standard.

Compensation - Stock Compensation: Improvements to Employee Shared-Based Payment Accounting (ASU 2016-09)

In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-09 to improve the accounting for employee share-based payments. This standard simplifies several aspects of the accounting for share-based payment award transactions, including the income tax consequences, classification of awards as either equity or liabilities, and classification on the statement of cash flows, as part of FASB’s simplification initiative to reduce cost and complexity in accounting standards while maintaining or improving the usefulness of the information provided to the users of financial statements. ASU 2016-09 will be effective for us on January 1, 2017, with early adoption permitted. We are currently evaluating the effect of adopting this standard.

Note 2 – Securitizations and Variable Interest Entities

We securitize, sell and service forward and reverse residential mortgage loans and regularly transfer financial assets in connection with asset-backed financing arrangements. We have aggregated these securitizations and asset-backed financing arrangements into two groups: (1) securitizations of residential mortgage loans and (2) financings of advances on loans serviced for others.

We have determined that the special purpose entities (SPEs) created in connection with our match funded advance financing facilities are variable interest entities (VIEs) for which we are the primary beneficiary.

Securitizations of Residential Mortgage Loans

Currently, we securitize forward and reverse residential mortgage loans involving the GSEs and Ginnie Mae and loans insured by the FHA or VA. We retain the right to service these loans and receive servicing fees based upon the securitized loan balances and certain ancillary fees, all of which are reported in Servicing and subservicing fees in the Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Transfers of Forward Loans

We sell or securitize forward loans that we originate or that we purchase from third parties, generally in the form of mortgage-backed securities guaranteed by the GSEs or Ginnie Mae. Securitization usually occurs within 30 days of loan closing or purchase. We retain the servicing rights associated with the transferred loans and receive a servicing fee for services provided. We act only as a fiduciary and do not have a variable interest in the securitization trusts. As a result, we account for these transactions as sales upon transfer.

We report the gain or loss on the transfer of the loans held for sale in Gain on loans held for sale, net in the Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Operations along with the changes in fair value of the loans and the gain or loss on any related derivatives. We include all changes in loans held for sale and related derivative balances in operating activities in the Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.

The following table presents a summary of cash flows received from and paid to securitization trusts related to transfers accounted for as sales that were outstanding during the three months ended March 31:

In connection with these transfers, we retained MSRs of $7.2 million and $8.5 million during the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015 , respectively.

Certain obligations arise from the agreements associated with our transfers of loans. Under these agreements, we may be obligated to repurchase the loans, or otherwise indemnify or reimburse the investor or insurer for losses incurred due to material breach of contractual representations and warranties.

The following table presents the carrying amounts of our assets that relate to our continuing involvement with forward loans that we have transferred with servicing rights retained as well as our maximum exposure to loss including the UPB of the transferred loans at the dates indicated:

At March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015 , 7.4% and 8.2% , respectively, of the transferred residential loans that we service were 60 days or more past due.

Transfers of Reverse Mortgages

We are an approved issuer of Ginnie Mae Home Equity Conversion Mortgage-Backed Securities (HMBS) that are guaranteed by Ginnie Mae. We originate Home Equity Conversion Mortgages (HECM, or reverse mortgages) that are insured by the FHA. We then pool the loans into HMBS that we sell into the secondary market with servicing rights retained. We have determined that loan transfers in the HMBS program do not meet the definition of a participating interest because of the servicing requirements in the product that require the issuer/servicer to absorb some level of interest rate risk, cash flow timing risk and incidental credit risk. As a result, the transfers of the HECM loans do not qualify for sale accounting, and therefore, we account for these transfers as financings. Under this accounting treatment, the HECM loans are classified as Loans held for investment - reverse mortgages, at fair value, on our Unaudited Consolidated Balance Sheets. We record the proceeds from the transfer of assets as secured borrowings (HMBS-related borrowings) in Financing liabilities and recognize no gain or loss on the transfer. Holders of participating interests in the HMBS have no recourse against the assets of Ocwen, except with respect to standard representations and warranties and our contractual obligation to service the HECM loans and the HMBS.

We have elected to measure the HECM loans and HMBS-related borrowings at fair value. The changes in fair value of the HECM loans and HMBS-related borrowings are included in Other revenues in our Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Operations. Included in net fair value gains on the HECM loans and related HMBS borrowings are the interest income that we expect to be collected on the HECM loans and the interest expense that we expect to be paid on the HMBS-related borrowings. We report originations and collections of HECM loans in investing activities in the Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. We report net fair value gains on HECM loans and the related HMBS borrowings as an adjustment to the net cash provided by or used in operating activities in the Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. Proceeds from securitizations of HECM loans and payments on HMBS-related borrowings are included in financing activities in the Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.

At March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015 , we had HMBS-related borrowings of $2.6 billion and $2.4 billion , respectively. HECM loans pledged as collateral to the pools were $2.8 billion and $2.5 billion at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015 , respectively.

Financings of Advances on Loans Serviced for Others

Match funded advances on loans serviced for others result from our transfers of residential loan servicing advances to SPEs in exchange for cash. We consolidate these SPEs because we have determined that Ocwen is the primary beneficiary of the SPE. These SPEs issue debt supported by collections on the transferred advances, and we refer to this debt as Match funded liabilities.

We make the transfers to these SPEs under the terms of our advance financing facility agreements. We classify the transferred advances on our Unaudited Consolidated Balance Sheets as Match funded advances and the related liabilities as Match funded liabilities. The SPEs use collections of the pledged advances to repay principal and interest and to pay the expenses of the SPE. Holders of the debt issued by these entities have recourse only to the assets of the SPE for satisfaction of the debt. The assets and liabilities of the advance financing SPEs are comprised solely of Match funded advances, Debt service accounts, Match funded liabilities and amounts due to affiliates. Amounts due to affiliates are eliminated in consolidation in our Unaudited Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Note 3 – Fair Value

Fair value is estimated based on a hierarchy that maximizes the use of observable inputs and minimizes the use of unobservable inputs. Observable inputs are inputs that reflect the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability developed based on market data obtained from sources independent of the reporting entity. Unobservable inputs are inputs that reflect the reporting entity’s own assumptions about the assumptions market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability developed based on the best information available in the circumstances. The fair value hierarchy prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques into three broad levels whereby the highest priority is given to Level 1 inputs and the lowest to Level 3 inputs.

We classify assets in their entirety based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement.

The carrying amounts and the estimated fair values of our financial instruments and certain of our nonfinancial assets measured at fair value on a recurring or non-recurring basis or disclosed, but not carried, at fair value are as follows at the dates indicated:

The following tables present a reconciliation of the changes in fair value of Level 3 assets and liabilities that we measure at fair value on a recurring basis: