UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549

 
FORM 10‑Q

 
(Mark One)
x     QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2016  
OR
o     TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the Transition Period From                 to                
Commission file number: 001-37792

 
NANTHEALTH, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 
 
Delaware
 
27-3019889
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
 
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)

9920 Jefferson Blvd
Culver City, California
 
90230
(Address of principal executive offices)
 
(Zip Code)
(310) 883-1300
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
 
Title of each class
 
Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, $0.0001 par value
 
NASDAQ Global Select Market
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None

 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes   x     No   o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    Yes   x     No   o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
 
Large accelerated filer
¨
Accelerated filer
o
 
 
 
 
Non-accelerated filer
x   (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
Smaller reporting company
¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes   o     No   x
As of August 12, 2016, the registrant had 121,231,643 shares of common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, outstanding.
 


NANTHEALTH, INC.
AS OF AND FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED JUNE 30, 2016

TABLE OF CONTENTS
   

 
 
Page
PART I.
 
 
 
 
Item 1.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Item 2.
 
 
 
Item 3.
 
 
 
Item 4.
 
 
 
 
 
 
PART II.
 
 
 
 
Item 1.
 
 
 
Item 1A.
 
 
 
Item 2.
 
 
 
Item 3.
 
 
 
Item 4.
 
 
 
Item 5.
 
 
 
Item 6.
 
 
 

We own or have rights to trademarks and service marks that we use in connection with the operation of our business. NantHealth, Inc. and our logo as well as other brands such as CareFx, our clinical operating system, cOS or NantOS, DeviceConX, FusionFX, GPS Cancer, HBox, Vitality, VitalsConX, NaviNet, CLINICS, eviti, eviti | Connect, eviti | IQ, and other marks relating to our eviti product line are used in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Solely for convenience, the trademarks and service marks referred to in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are listed without the (sm) and (TM) symbols, but we will assert, to the fullest extent under applicable law, our rights or the rights of the applicable licensors to these trademarks, service marks and trade names. Additionally, we do not intend for our use or display of other companies’ trade names, trademarks, or service marks to imply a relationship with, or endorsement or sponsorship of us by, these other companies.

- 2 -


SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, including without limitation the sections entitled “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and “Risk Factors,” contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. In some cases you can identify these statements by forward-looking words such as “believe,” “may,” “will,” “might,” “estimate,” “continue,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “could,” “should,” “would,” “project,” “plan,” “outlook,” “target,” “expect,” or similar expressions, or the negative or plural of these words or expressions. These forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements concerning the following:
the structural change in the market for healthcare in the United States, including uncertainty in the healthcare regulatory framework and regulatory developments in the United States and foreign countries;
the evolving treatment paradigm for cancer, including physicians’ use of molecular information and targeted oncology therapeutics and the market size for molecular information products;
physicians’ need for precision medicine products and any perceived advantage of our solutions over those of our competitors, including the ability of our comprehensive platform to help physicians treat their patients’ cancers;
our ability to generate revenue from sales of products enabled by our molecular and biometric information platforms to physicians in clinical settings;
our ability to increase the commercial success of our sequencing and molecular analysis solution;
our plans or ability to obtain reimbursement for our sequencing and molecular analysis solution, including expectations as to our ability or the amount of time it will take to achieve successful reimbursement from third-party payors, such as commercial insurance companies and health maintenance organizations, and government insurance programs, such as Medicare and Medicaid;
our ability to effectively manage our growth, including the rate and degree of market acceptance of our solutions;
our ability to offer new and innovative products and services;
our ability to attract new partners and clients;
our ability to estimate the size of our target market;
our ability to maintain and enhance our reputation and brand recognition;
consolidation in the healthcare industry;
competition which could limit our ability to maintain or expand market share within our industry;
restrictions and penalties as a result of privacy and data protection laws;
our use of “open source” software;
our ability to use, disclose, de-identify or license data and to integrate third-party technologies;
data loss or corruption due to failures or errors in our systems and service disruptions at our data centers;
breaches or failures of our security measures;
our reliance on Internet infrastructure, bandwidth providers, data center providers, other third parties and our own systems for providing services to our users;
risks related to future acquisition opportunities;
the requirements of being a public company;
our ability to attract and retain key personnel;
our ability to obtain and maintain intellectual property protection for our solutions and not infringe upon the intellectual property of others; and
our financial performance expectations, including our expectations regarding our revenue, cost of revenue, gross profit or gross margin, operating expenses, including changes in research and development, sales and marketing and general and administrative expenses, and our ability to achieve and maintain future profitability.
We caution you that the foregoing list does not contain all of the forward-looking statements made in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
These forward-looking statements are based on current expectations and assumptions that are subject to risks and uncertainties, which could cause our actual results to differ materially from those reflected in the forward-looking statements. These statements are within the meaning of the “safe harbor” provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These statements appear throughout this Form 10-Q and are statements regarding our intent, belief, or current expectations, primarily with respect to our business and related industry developments. You should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which apply only as of the date of this Form 10-Q. Our actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements for many reasons, including the risks faced by us and described in Part II, Item 1A, entitled “Risk Factors,” and in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in Part I, Item 2 of this Form 10-Q. We undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statements for any reason to conform these statements to actual results or to changes in our expectations.


- 3 -


PART I—FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Financial Statements
NantHealth, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated and Combined Balance Sheets
(In thousands, except share and per share amounts)
 
June 30,
2016
 
December 31,
2015
 
(Unaudited)
 
 
Assets
 
 
 
Current assets
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
$
95,242

 
$
5,989

Marketable securities
71

 
1,243

Accounts receivable, net
17,165

 
11,472

Inventories, net
2,342

 
2,146

Deferred implementation costs
3,922

 
2,224

Related party receivables, net
856

 
1,245

Prepaid expenses and other current assets
8,708

 
8,707

Total current assets
128,306

 
33,026

Property, plant, and equipment, net
26,413

 
13,899

Deferred implementation costs, net of current
6,347

 
1,930

Goodwill
133,426

 
56,718

Intangible assets, net
130,165

 
54,971

Investments in related parties
242,901

 
248,191

Related party receivables, net of current
2,028

 
1,300

Other assets
2,276

 
1,918

Total assets
$
671,862

 
$
411,953

 
 
 
 
Liabilities and Stockholders' / Members' Equity
 
 
 
Current liabilities
 
 
 
Accounts payable
$
6,218

 
$
6,447

Accrued expenses
20,770

 
14,423

Deferred revenue
19,292

 
10,656

Related party payables, net
8,671

 
10,166

Other current liabilities
596

 
1,544

Total current liabilities
55,547

 
43,236

Deferred revenue, net of current
14,725

 
17,312

Related party payables, net of current
2,755

 

Related party promissory note
112,666

 

Deferred income taxes, net
622

 

Other liabilities
428

 
358

Total liabilities
186,743

 
60,906

 
 
 
 
Redeemable Series F units: 53,580,996 units issued and outstanding at December 31, 2015

 
166,042

 
 
 
 
Stockholders' / members' equity
 
 
 
Members' equity, 541,228,171 units issued and outstanding at December 31, 2015 (Note 16)

 
476,263

Common stock, $0.0001 par value per share, 750,000,000 shares authorized; 120,165,026 shares issued and outstanding at June 30, 2016
12

 

Additional paid-in capital
863,249

 

Accumulated deficit
(378,448
)
 
(291,171
)
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
306

 
(87
)
Total stockholders' / members' equity
485,119

 
185,005

Total liabilities and stockholders' / members' equity
$
671,862

 
$
411,953

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Condensed Consolidated and Combined financial statements.


- 4 -

NantHealth, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated and Combined Statements of Operations
(In thousands, except share and per share amounts)
(Unaudited)

 
Three Months Ended
June 30,
 
Six Months Ended
June 30,
 
2016
 
2015
 
2016
 
2015
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Revenue:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Software and hardware
$
4,149

 
$
3,942

 
$
4,823

 
$
7,703

Software–as-a-service
15,181

 
3,412

 
28,882

 
7,218

Total software-related revenue
19,330

 
7,354

 
33,705

 
14,921

Maintenance
4,512

 
2,545

 
7,650

 
5,040

Sequencing and molecular analysis
45

 

 
45

 

Other services
7,603

 
1,853

 
9,541

 
3,533

Total net revenue
31,490

 
11,752

 
50,941

 
23,494

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cost of Revenue:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Software and hardware
435

 
91

 
674

 
(371
)
Software-as-a-service
9,314

 
1,830

 
13,737

 
3,790

Total software-related cost of revenue
9,749

 
1,921

 
14,411

 
3,419

Maintenance
743

 
102

 
1,273

 
212

Sequencing and molecular analysis
359

 

 
359

 

Other services
7,492

 
2,030

 
11,057

 
3,677

Amortization of developed technologies
3,897

 
2,246

 
8,178

 
4,557

Total cost of revenue
22,240

 
6,299

 
35,278

 
11,865

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gross profit
9,250

 
5,453

 
15,663

 
11,629

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Operating Expenses:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Selling, general and administrative
47,248

 
17,847

 
74,621

 
34,239

Research and development
24,322

 
4,960

 
35,016

 
9,650

Amortization of software license and acquisition-related assets
1,813

 
(11
)
 
3,628

 
22

Total operating expenses
73,383

 
22,796

 
113,265

 
43,911

Loss from operations
(64,133
)
 
(17,343
)
 
(97,602
)
 
(32,282
)
Interest expense, net
(1,758
)
 
(303
)
 
(3,256
)
 
(628
)
Other income (expense), net
(77
)
 
555

 
261

 
1,855

Loss from equity method investments
(2,375
)
 
(145
)
 
(5,289
)
 
(145
)
Loss before income taxes
(68,343
)
 
(17,236
)
 
(105,886
)
 
(31,200
)
Provision for (benefit from) income taxes
(14,211
)
 

 
(18,609
)
 
1

Net loss
$
(54,132
)
 
$
(17,236
)
 
$
(87,277
)
 
$
(31,201
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net loss per share:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic and diluted (1)
$
(0.52
)
 
$
(0.21
)
 
$
(0.86
)
 
$
(0.38
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Weighted average shares outstanding:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic and diluted (1)
104,072,198

 
82,406,012

 
101,846,445

 
82,014,695


The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Condensed Consolidated and Combined financial statements.

- 5 -

NantHealth, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated and Combined Statements of Operations (Continued)
(In thousands, except share and per share amounts)
(Unaudited)

(1)
The net loss per share and weighted-average shares outstanding have been computed to give effect to the LLC Conversion (See Note 16) that occurred June 1, 2016 prior to the Company’s IPO.  In conjunction with the LLC Conversion, (a) all of the Company’s outstanding units automatically converted into shares of common stock, based on the relative rights of the Company's pre-IPO equityholders as set forth in the Company's limited liability company agreement and (b) the Company adopted and filed a certificate of incorporation with the Secretary of State of the state of Delaware and adopted bylaws. The Company adopted and filed an amendment to its certificate of incorporation with the Secretary of State of the state of Delaware to effect a 1-for-5.5 reverse stock split of its common stock on June 1, 2016. See Note 18 for the calculation of net loss per share for common stock and redeemable common stock for the three months and six months ended June 30, 2016.



















































The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Condensed Consolidated and Combined financial statements.

- 6 -

NantHealth, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated and Combined Statements of Comprehensive Loss
(In thousands)
(Unaudited)



 
 
Three Months Ended
June 30,
 
Six Months Ended
June 30,
 
2016
 
2015
 
2016
 
2015
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net loss
$
(54,132
)
 
$
(17,236
)
 
$
(87,277
)
 
$
(31,201
)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of reclassification adjustments and taxes -
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Foreign currency translation gains (losses)
90

 
(73
)
 
393

 
(2
)
Comprehensive loss
$
(54,042
)
 
$
(17,309
)
 
$
(86,884
)
 
$
(31,203
)
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Condensed Consolidated and Combined financial statements.

- 7 -

NantHealth, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated and Combined Stockholders’ / Members’ Equity
(In thousands, except share amounts)
(Unaudited)

 
Members' Equity
 
Common Stock
 
Additional
Paid-In Capital
 
Accumulated Deficit
 
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive Income (loss)
 
Total Equity
 
Units
 
Amount
 
Shares
 
Amount
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance at December 31, 2015
541,228,171

 
$
476,263

 

 
$

 
$

 
$
(291,171
)
 
$
(87
)
 
$
185,005

Issuance of membership interests
15,513,726

 
52,500

 

 

 

 

 

 
52,500

Stock-based compensation expense (pre LLC conversion)

 
170

 

 

 

 

 

 
170

Deemed capital contribution from chairman and CEO (pre LLC conversion

 
830

 

 

 

 

 

 
830

Series F put right accretion (pre LLC conversion)

 
(4,375
)
 

 

 

 

 

 
(4,375
)
Conversion of members' interests
(556,741,897
)
 
(525,388
)
 
99,651,444

 
10

 
525,378

 

 

 

Issuance of common stock upon conversion of related party promissory note

 

 
2,899,297

 

 
40,590

 

 

 
40,590

Issuance of common stock in initial public offering, net of $13,370 in offering costs

 

 
6,900,000

 
1

 
83,229

 

 

 
83,230

Series F put right accretion (post LLC conversion)

 

 

 

 
(583
)
 

 

 
(583
)
Redeemable common stock put right expiration

 

 
10,714,285

 
1

 
170,999

 

 

 
171,000

Stock-based compensation expense (post LLC conversion)

 

 

 

 
42,846

 

 

 
42,846

Deemed capital contribution from Chairman and CEO (post LLC conversion)

 

 

 

 
790

 

 

 
790

Other comprehensive income

 

 

 

 

 

 
393

 
393

Net loss

 

 

 

 

 
(87,277
)
 

 
(87,277
)
Balance at June 30, 2016

 
$

 
120,165,026

 
$
12

 
$
863,249

 
$
(378,448
)
 
$
306

 
$
485,119

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Condensed Consolidated and Combined financial statements.

- 8 -

  NantHealth, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated and Combined Statements of Cash Flows
(In thousands)
(Unaudited)

 
Six Months Ended
June 30,
 
2016
 
2015
Cash flows from operating activities:
 
 
 
Net loss
$
(87,277
)
 
$
(31,201
)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
 
 
 
Depreciation and amortization
15,475

 
6,242

Unrealized changes in fair value of marketable securities
(49
)
 
(3,194
)
Realized changes in fair value of marketable securities
49

 
3,242

Stock-based compensation
43,788

 
1,031

Deferred income taxes, net
(19,043
)
 

Provision for bad debt expense
552

 
20

Loss on equity method investments
5,289

 
145

Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of business combinations:
 
 
 
Accounts receivable, net
3,752

 
(523
)
Inventories, net
(196
)
 
648

Related party receivables, net
(339
)
 
356

Prepaid expenses and other current assets
2,036

 
(244
)
Deferred implementation costs
(6,115
)
 

Accounts payable
(4,814
)
 
(1,085
)
Accrued expenses
1,677

 
1,157

Deferred revenue
3,440

 
(4,255
)
Related party payables
1,851

 
(2,891
)
Other assets and liabilities
(876
)
 
(13
)
Net cash used in operating activities
(40,800
)
 
(30,565
)
Cash flows from investing activities:
 
 
 
Purchase of property and equipment
(8,231
)
 
(5,147
)
Investments in unconsolidated related parties

 
(150,816
)
Purchases of marketable securities
(31
)
 

Proceeds from sales of marketable securities
1,204

 
93,581

Purchase of cost method investment

 
(1,750
)
Acquisitions of businesses, net of cash acquired
(79,423
)
 
(50,548
)
Deferred consideration for acquisition
1,949

 

Net cash used in investing activities
(84,532
)
 
(114,680
)
Cash flows from financing activities:
 
 
 
Proceeds from issuance of membership interests

 
200,000

Deemed capital contribution from Chairman and CEO
1,620

 
490

Payment of short-term notes payable
(23,324
)
 

Proceeds from (payment of) related party promissory notes
152,666

 
(34,502
)
Proceeds from initial public offering, net of offering costs
83,230

 

Net cash provided by financing activities
214,192

 
165,988

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents
393

 
(2
)
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents
89,253

 
20,740

Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period
5,989

 
3,699

Cash and cash equivalents, end of period
$
95,242

 
$
24,439

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Condensed Consolidated and Combined financial statements.

- 9 -

NantHealth, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated and Combined Statements of Cash Flows (Continued)
(In thousands)
(Unaudited)

 
Six Months Ended
June 30,
 
2016
 
2015
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:
 
 
 
Interest paid
$
(178
)
 
$
(2,215
)
Interest received
392

 
296

Non-cash transactions:
 
 
 
Transfer of marketable securities as investment in unconsolidated related party

 
99,184

NaviNet escrow receivable
1,678

 

Accretion to redemption value of Series F / redeemable common stock
4,958

 

Conversion of related party promissory note and interest payable to common stock
40,590

 

Reclassification of redeemable common stock to common stock (former Series F units)
$
171,000

 
$

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Condensed Consolidated and Combined financial statements.

- 10 -

NantHealth, Inc.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements
(In thousands, except share and per share amounts)
(Unaudited)


Note 1. Description of Business and Basis of Presentation
Nature of Business
Nant Health, LLC was formed on July 7, 2010, as a Delaware limited liability company. On June 1, 2016, Nant Health, LLC converted into a Delaware corporation (the “LLC Conversion”) and changed its name to NantHealth, Inc. (“NantHealth”). NantHealth, together with its subsidiaries (the “Company”) , is a healthcare cloud-based IT company converging science and technology through a single integrated clinical platform, to provide actionable health information at the point of care. NantHealth is a majority-owned subsidiary of NantWorks, LLC (“NantWorks”), which is a subsidiary of California Capital Equity, LLC (“Cal Cap”). The three companies were founded and are led by Dr. Patrick Soon-Shiong.
As of June 30, 2016, the Company conducted the majority of its operations in the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, Singapore and India.
Initial Public Offering and LLC Conversion
On June 1, 2016, immediately prior to the pricing of its initial public offering (“IPO”) and in conjunction with the LLC Conversion, all outstanding units of Nant Health, LLC were automatically converted into shares of the Company’s common stock. Immediately following the LLC Conversion, the Company effected a 1-for-5.5 reverse stock split of its common stock. All share and per share amounts in the Condensed Consolidated and Combined financial statements and notes thereto have been retroactively adjusted, where necessary, to give effect to this reverse stock split.

On June 7, 2016, the Company completed its IPO, whereby it sold 6,500,000 shares of common stock at a public offering price of $14.00 per share. Additionally, on June 9, 2016, the underwriters partially exercised their over allotment option to purchase an additional 400,000 shares of common stock at $14.00 per share.

The Company received a total of $83,230 in proceeds from its IPO, after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and offering costs of $13,370. The offering was registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, on a registration statement on Form S-1 (Registration No. 333-211196), as amended (the “Registration Statement”).
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying unaudited Condensed Consolidated and Combined financial statements include the accounts of NantHealth and its subsidiaries. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. These interim Condensed Consolidated and Combined financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("GAAP"). These financial statements have been prepared on the same basis as the audited consolidated financial statements for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2015 and, in the opinion of management, include all adjustments, which are normal and recurring in nature, necessary for a fair presentation of the Company's financial position and results of operation. Certain reclassifications have been made to prior period amounts to conform to the current year presentation. Operating results for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for a full fiscal year. The accompanying Condensed Consolidated and Combined balance sheet as of December 31, 2015 has been derived from the audited financial statements at that date but does not include all of the disclosures required by GAAP.
Principles of Consolidation
The accompanying Condensed Consolidated and Combined financial statements include the financial statements of all wholly owned subsidiaries and other entities in which the Company has a controlling financial interest. For consolidated subsidiaries that are less than wholly owned, the third-party holdings of equity interests are referred to as non-controlling interests. All material intercompany balances and transactions with the Company’s subsidiaries have been eliminated.

- 11 -

NantHealth, Inc.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements
(In thousands, except share and per share amounts)
(Unaudited)

Note 1. Description of Business and Basis of Presentation (Continued)
Immaterial Revisions
Subsequent to the Company’s filing of its draft registration statement on November 12, 2015, the Company determined that an immaterial revision was required to correct its previously issued Condensed Consolidated and Combined financial statements for the six months ended June 30, 2015. The revision related to an arrangement with a university pursuant to which the Company previously recorded $490 of revenue for the six months ended June 30, 2015. The Company subsequently concluded that amounts earned from this arrangement should instead be treated as deemed capital contributions from its Chairman and CEO (See Note 19). The immaterial revision to the financial statements for the six months ended June 30, 2015 was a reduction to sequencing and molecular analysis revenue, and an increase to net loss and comprehensive loss of $490 with a corresponding increase to members’ equity. The Company concluded that this revision was not material to the financial statements for the six months ended June 30, 2015 and adjusted its sequencing and molecular analysis revenue in its financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2015.

Separately, the Company received a refund from a vendor during the three months ended March 31, 2015 and previously reported the refund as other income in its financial statements for the six months ended June 30, 2015. The Company subsequently reclassified this $685 refund in its financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2015 to reduce software and hardware cost of revenue with a corresponding reduction in other income. The Company has revised its financial statements for the six months ended June 30, 2015 to reflect this immaterial reclassification. There was no change to net loss as a result of this immaterial reclassification.
Note 2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
With the exception of the incremental stock based compensation and net loss per share policies described below, there have been no significant changes to the accounting policies as disclosed in the Company's Registration Statement. The remaining accounting policies below are included to supplement the disclosure in the Company’s Registration Statement.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the Condensed Consolidated and Combined financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results may differ from those estimates.
Variable Interest Entities
The Company evaluates its ownership interests, contractual rights and other interests in entities to determine if the entities are variable interest entities (“VIEs”), if it has a variable interest in those entities and the nature and extent of those interests. These evaluations are highly complex and involve judgment, the use of estimates and assumptions based on available historical information. In order for the Company to be the primary beneficiary of a VIE, it must have both (1) the power to direct the activities of a VIE that most significantly affect the VIE’s economic performance and (2) the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits that, in either case, could potentially be significant to the VIE. The Company consolidates entities of which it is the primary beneficiary.

The Company determines whether it is the primary beneficiary of a VIE upon its initial involvement with the VIE and reassesses whether it is the primary beneficiary on an ongoing basis. This determination is based upon an analysis of the design of the VIE, including the VIE’s structure and activities, the power to make significant economic decisions held by the Company and by other parties, and the variable interests owned by the Company and other parties.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Fair value measurements are classified and disclosed in one of the following three categories:

- 12 -

NantHealth, Inc.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements
(In thousands, except share and per share amounts)
(Unaudited)

Note 2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Continued)
Level 1—Quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in active markets;
Level 2—Quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets or quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active or are directly or indirectly observable; and
Level 3—Unobservable inputs that reflect estimates and assumptions.
The carrying amounts reported in the balance sheet for cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable, notes payable, deferred revenue and other current monetary assets and liabilities approximate fair value because of the immediate or short-term maturity of these financial instruments.
 
In accordance with this guidance, the Company measures its cash equivalents and marketable securities at fair value. The Company’s cash equivalents and marketable securities are classified within Level 1. Cash equivalents and marketable securities are valued primarily using quoted market prices utilizing market observable inputs.
Revenue Recognition
Revenue represents the consideration received or receivable from clients for solutions and services provided by the Company. The Company’s revenue is generated from the following sources:

Software and hardware— Software and hardware revenue is generated from the sale of the Company’s software, on either a perpetual or term license basis, and the sale of hardware. The software is installed on the client’s site or the client’s designated vendor’s site and is not hosted by the Company or by a vendor contracted by the Company. The Company also sells third-party software and hardware to its clients. Solutions sold are grouped together under the NantOS Interoperability platform (formerly known as cOS) and FusionFX, NantOS, DeviceConX and HBox.
Software-as-a-service (“SaaS”)— SaaS revenue is generated from clients’ access to and usage of the Company’s hosted software solutions on a subscription basis for a specified contract term, which is usually monthly. In SaaS arrangements, the client cannot take possession of the software during the term of the contract and generally has the right to access and use the software and receive any software upgrades published during the subscription period. Solutions sold under a SaaS model include the NantOS Interoperability cancer decision support solution (formerly known as eviti) NantOS Interoperability and Navinet.
Maintenance— Maintenance revenue includes ongoing post contract client support (“PCS”) or maintenance during the paid PCS term. Additionally, PCS includes ongoing development of software updates and upgrades provided to the client on a when and if available basis.
Sequencing and molecular analysis— Sequencing and molecular analysis revenue is generated by the process of performing sequencing and analysis of whole genome DNA, RNA and proteomic results. Revenue is recognized when services have been performed.
Other services— Other services includes revenue from professional services provided that are generally complementary to the software and may or may not be required for the software to function as desired by the client. The services are generally provided in the form of training and implementation services during the software license period and do not include PCS. Other services revenue also includes the sale of nursing and therapy services provided to patients in a home care setting and any other services not included in the preceding revenue sources.
Revenue is recognized when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, services or products have been provided to the client, fees are fixed or determinable, and collectability is reasonably assured. While most of the Company’s arrangements include short-term payment terms, the Company on occasion provides payment terms to clients in excess of one year from the date of contract signing. The Company does not recognize revenue for arrangements containing these extended payment terms until such payments become due. Certain of the Company’s customer arrangements allow for termination for convenience with advanced notice. Such termination rights do not allow for refunds other than prepaid PCS or other services. These provisions do not affect when the Company commences revenue recognition. The Company also has certain arrangements which allow for termination and refunds of fees in the event that software acceptance by the customer has not occurred. In these instances, the Company will defer all revenue until software acceptance has occurred.

- 13 -

NantHealth, Inc.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements
(In thousands, except share and per share amounts)
(Unaudited)

Note 2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Continued)
The Company engages in various multiple-element arrangements, which may generate revenue across any of the sources noted above. For multiple-element software arrangements that involve the sale of the Company’s proprietary software, PCS and other software-related services, vendor-specific objective evidence (“VSOE”) of fair value is required to allocate and recognize revenue for each element. VSOE of fair value is determined based on the price charged in which each deliverable is sold separately. The Company has established VSOE for PCS on certain of its software solutions using the Stated Renewal Method. In this instance, the Company has determined that its stated renewals are substantive and appropriate for use in the Stated Renewal Method. The Company has not yet established VSOE of fair value for any element other than PCS for a portion of its arrangements. In situations where VSOE of fair value exists for PCS but not a delivered element (typically the software license and services elements), the residual method is used to allocate revenue to the undelivered element equal to its VSOE value with the remainder allocated to the delivered elements. In situations in which VSOE of fair value does not exist for all of the undelivered software-related elements, revenue is deferred until only one undelivered element remains (typically the PCS element) and then recognized following the pattern of delivery of the final undelivered element. The Company’s multiple element arrangements typically provide for renewal of PCS terms upon expiration of the original term. The amounts of these PCS renewals are recognized as revenue ratably over the specified PCS renewal period.
For non-software arrangements that include multiple-elements, primarily consisting of the Company’s SaaS agreements, revenue recognition involves the identification of separate units of accounting after consideration of combining and/or segmenting contracts and allocation of the arrangement consideration to the units of accounting on the basis of their relative selling price. The selling price used for each deliverable is based on VSOE of fair value, if available, third party evidence (“TPE”) of fair value if VSOE is not available, or the Company’s best estimate of selling price (“BESP”) if neither VSOE nor TPE is available. In determining the units of accounting for these arrangements, the Company evaluates whether each deliverable has stand-alone value as defined in the FASB’s guidance. The Company’s SaaS arrangements are treated as a single unit of accounting as the professional services do not have standalone value. As a result, the Company recognizes initial system implementation and deployment fees ratably over a period of time from when the system implementation or deployment services are completed and accepted by the customer over the longer of the life of the agreement or the estimated customer life.
If an arrangement to deliver software requires significant production, modification or customization of the licensed software, the Company accounts for the arrangement as a construction-type contract. The Company currently recognizes revenue for these arrangements using the completed-contract method as it does not currently have sufficient information to reliably estimate the percentage of completion for these projects. The Company considers these arrangements to be substantially complete upon the clients’ acceptance of the software and related professional services and consistently applies this policy to all contract accounting arrangements.
Transaction processing fees are recognized on a monthly basis based on the number of transactions processed and the fee per transaction.
Revenue derived from reseller arrangements is recognized when the resellers, in turn, sell the software solution to their clients and installation of the software solution has occurred, provided all other revenue recognition criteria are met. This is commonly referred to as the sell-through method and the Company defers recognition until there is a sell-through by the reseller to an actual end user clients and acceptance by the end user has occurred.
Investments in Related Parties
Investments in and advances to related parties in which the Company has a substantial ownership interest of approximately 20 percent to 50 percent, or for which the Company exercises significant influence but not control over policy decisions, are accounted for by the equity method. Investments in limited liability companies that are similar to partnerships are also accounted for under the equity method if more than minor influence over the operation of the investee exists (generally through more than 3-5% ownership). As part of that accounting, the Company recognizes gains and losses that arise from the issuance of stock by a related party that results in changes in the Company’s proportionate share of the dollar amount of the related party’s equity.
Investments in related parties are assessed for possible impairment when events indicate that the fair value of the investment may be below the Company’s carrying value. When such a condition is deemed to be other than temporary, the carrying value of the investment is written down to its fair value, and the amount of the write-down is included in net loss. In making the determination as to whether a decline is other than temporary, the Company considers such factors as the duration and extent of the decline, the investee’s financial performance, and the Company’s ability and intention to retain its investment for a period that will be sufficient to allow for any anticipated recovery in the investment’s market value. The new cost basis of investments in these equity investees is not changed for subsequent recoveries in fair value.

- 14 -

NantHealth, Inc.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements
(In thousands, except share and per share amounts)
(Unaudited)

Note 2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Continued)
Differences between the Company’s carrying value of an equity investment and its underlying equity in the net assets of the related party are assigned to the extent practicable to specific assets and liabilities based on the Company’s analysis of the various factors giving rise to the difference. When appropriate, the Company’s share of the related party’s reported earnings is adjusted quarterly to reflect the difference between these allocated values and the related party’s historical book values. 
Business Combinations
Business combinations are accounted for using the acquisition method of accounting. Under the acquisition method, assets acquired and liabilities assumed are recorded at their respective fair values as of the acquisition date. Any excess of the purchase price over the estimated fair values of the net assets acquired is recorded as goodwill. Management routinely monitors the factors impacting the acquired assets and liabilities. Transaction related costs are expensed as incurred. The operating results of the acquired business are reflected in the Company’s Condensed Consolidated and Combined financial statements as of the acquisition date. 
Deferred Revenue
The Company records deferred revenue when it receives cash from clients prior to meeting the applicable revenue recognition criteria. The Company uses judgment in determining the period over which the deliverables are recognized as revenue. As of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, current and non-current deferred revenue are comprised of deferrals for fees related to software licenses, SaaS arrangements, PCS services, non-PCS services and other revenue. Non-current deferred revenue as of June 30, 2016 is expected to be recognized on or after July 1, 2017.
Deferred Implementation Costs
The Company provides SaaS and information technology management services under long-term arrangements which require the Company to perform system implementation activities. In some cases, the arrangements either contain provisions requiring customer acceptance of the setup activities prior to commencement of the ongoing services arrangement or the system implementation services do not have separate value from the service revenue. Up-front fees billed during the setup phase for these arrangements are deferred and setup costs that are direct and incremental to the contract are capitalized. The costs deferred consist of employee compensation and benefits for those employees directly involved with performing system implementation or deployment services, as well as other direct and incremental costs.
The Company defers costs estimated to be realizable based on contracted implementation revenue and estimated margin from the service contract. The Company periodically reviews the deferred implementation contracts for recoverability. The costs are amortized to cost of revenue ratably over a period of time from when the system implementation or deployment services are completed and accepted to the end of the contract term or the expected customer life, whichever is longer.
Research and Development Expenses
Research and development (“R&D”) costs incurred to establish the technological feasibility of software to be sold are expensed as incurred. These expenses include the costs of the Company’s proprietary R&D efforts, as well as costs incurred in connection with certain licensing arrangements.
Development costs, consisting primarily of employee salaries and benefits, incurred in the research and development of new software products and enhancements to existing software products for external use are expensed as incurred until technological feasibility has been established. After technological feasibility is established, any additional external software development costs are capitalized.
Costs incurred to acquire or create a computer software product are expensed when incurred as research and development until technological feasibility has been established for the product, at which point such costs are capitalized. Technological feasibility is normally established upon completion of a detailed program design or, in its absence, a working model of the software product.
Capitalization of computer software costs ceases when the product is available for general release to customers. As of June 30, 2016, the Company has not capitalized software costs as no significant costs have been incurred in developing software products and technological feasibility has not been established for new software products and enhancements to existing software.

- 15 -

NantHealth, Inc.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements
(In thousands, except share and per share amounts)
(Unaudited)

Note 2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Continued)
Stock Based Compensation
The Company accounts for stock based compensation arrangements granted to employees in accordance with ASC 718, “ Compensation: Stock Compensation”, by measuring the grant date fair value of the award and recognizing the resulting expense over the period during which the employee is required to perform service in exchange for the award.

The Company accounts for stock based compensation arrangements issued to non-employees using the fair value approach prescribed by ASC 505-50, “ Equity-Based Payments to Non-Employees ”. The value of non-employee stock based compensation is re-measured at the end of each reporting period until the award vests and is recognized as stock based compensation expense over the period during which the non-employee provides the services.

Stock based compensation expense for both employee and non-employee awards is recognized on a straight-line basis over the appropriate service period for awards that are only subject to service conditions and is recognized using the accelerated attribution method for awards that are subject to performance conditions. Stock based compensation expense is only recognized for awards subject to performance conditions if it is probable that the performance condition will be achieved.
Net Loss Per Share
Basic net loss per share is computed by dividing the net loss by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. Diluted net loss per share is computed by dividing the net loss by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period, adjusted to give effect to potentially dilutive securities. However, potentially dilutive securities are excluded from the computation of diluted net loss per share to the extent that their effect is anti-dilutive.
Segment Reporting
The chief operating decision maker for the Company is its Chief Executive Officer. The Chief Executive Officer reviews financial information presented on a Condensed Consolidated and Combined basis for purposes of allocating resources and evaluating financials performance. The Company has one business activity and there are no segment managers who are held accountable for operations, operating results, or plans for levels or components below the Condensed Consolidated and Combined unit level. Accordingly, management has determined that the Company operates in one reportable segment.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In June 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2016-13, Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments (“ASU 2016-13”) , which changes how companies measure credit losses on most financial instruments measured at amortized cost, such as loans, receivables and held-to-maturity debt securities. Rather than generally recognizing credit losses when it is probable that the loss has been incurred, the revised guidance requires companies to recognize an allowance for credit losses for the difference between the amortized cost basis of a financial instrument and the amount of amortized cost that the company expects to collect over the instrument's contractual life. ASU 2016-13 is effective for fiscal periods beginning after December 15, 2019 and must be adopted as a cumulative effect adjustment to retained earnings. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is evaluating the potential effects of the adoption to the Company's financial statements.

In May 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-12, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) . The amendments, which address transition, collectability, non-cash consideration and the presentation of sales and other similar taxes, do not change the core principles of ASU 2014-09, but rather address implementation issues and are intended to result in more consistent application. The Company intends to adopt this standard on January 1, 2018. The Company is evaluating the potential effects of the adoption to the Company's financial statements.

In April 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-10, Identifying Performance Obligations and Licensing, which amends certain aspects of ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. ASU No. 2016-10 amends step two of the new revenue standard’s five-step model to include guidance on immaterial promised goods or services, shipping and handling activities and identifying when promises represent performance obligations. ASU No. 2016-10 also provides guidance related to licensing such as, but not limited to, sales-based and usage-based royalties and renewals of license that provide a right to use intellectual property. The Company intends to adopt this standard on January 1, 2018. The Company is evaluating the potential effects of the adoption to the Company's financial statements.

- 16 -

NantHealth, Inc.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements
(In thousands, except share and per share amounts)
(Unaudited)

Note 2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Continued)
In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-09,  Compensation - Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting ("ASU 2016-06"). ASU 2016-09 changes certain aspects of the accounting for share-based payment awards, including: accounting and cash flow classification for excess tax benefits and deficiencies; income tax withholding obligations; forfeitures; and cash flow classification. ASU 2016-09 is effective for the Company in the first quarter of 2017, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently in the process of evaluating this new guidance.
In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) (“ASU 2016-02”). The update is aimed at making leasing activities more transparent and comparable, and requires substantially all leases be recognized by lessees on their balance sheet as a right-of-use asset and corresponding lease liability, including leases currently accounted for as operating leases. This guidance will become effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning with the year ending December 31, 2019. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that the adoption of this guidance will have on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-01, Financial Instruments Overall (Subtopic 825-10): Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities (“ASU 2016-01”), which addresses certain aspects of recognition, measurement, presentation, and disclosure of financial instruments, including a provision that requires equity investments (except for investments accounted for under the equity method of accounting) to be measured at fair value, with changes in fair value recognized in current earnings. ASU 2016-01 is effective for the Company in the first quarter of 2018, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the effect that ASU 2016-01 will have on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

Other recent accounting pronouncements issued by the FASB (including its Emerging Issues Task Force), the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants, and the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) did not have, or are not believed by management to have, a material impact on the Company's present or future consolidated financial statements.
Note 3. Business Combinations and Investments
2016 Acquisitions
NaviNet, Inc.
On November 30, 2015, NantHealth entered into a definitive agreement with 3BE Holdings, LLC (“3BE”) to acquire 100% of the outstanding equity interest of NaviNet, Inc. (“NaviNet”) in exchange for $83,529 in cash, subject to working capital adjustments, 15,513,726 newly issued Series H units with a fair value of $52,500 and contingent arrangements or earnouts of up to $12,250. The contingent arrangements or earnouts require the Company to pay up to a total of $12,250 to certain of NaviNet’s former shareholders if NaviNet’s revenues to those former shareholders exceed certain thresholds during the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2017. These contingent amounts or earnouts have been excluded from the purchase price consideration and will be accounted for as sales incentives if and when certain predefined targets are met and will be reflected as contra revenue. The cash portion of the acquisition was financed through a promissory note with NantCapital, LLC (“NantCapital”), an affiliate of the Company (See Note 19). In June 2016, the Company paid an additional $455 to 3BE as the final working capital adjustment and accounted for the payment as an increase to the purchase price of NaviNet.
 
The following table summarizes the total purchase consideration for the acquisition.
 
 Amounts
Cash paid to seller at closing
$
74,823

Cash paid to option holders after closing
2,580

Cash paid to escrow account
6,126

Working capital settlement payment
455

Fair value of Series H units
52,500

Total consideration
$
136,484


- 17 -

NantHealth, Inc.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements
(In thousands, except share and per share amounts)
(Unaudited)

Note 3. Business Combinations and Investments (Continued)
The total consideration was allocated to the net assets acquired based upon their estimated fair values, as follows:
 
 Amounts
Cash and restricted cash
$
4,804

Accounts receivable, net
9,996

Property, plant and equipment, net
7,953

Other assets, net
3,830

Accounts payable
(4,585
)
Accrued expenses
(3,488
)
Deferred revenue
(2,603
)
Deferred tax liability
(19,533
)
Assumed indebtedness
(23,324
)
Trade names
3,000

Developed technology
32,000

Customer relationships
52,000

Goodwill
76,434

Total fair value of net assets acquired
$
136,484

At the closing of the acquisition, the Company repaid all $23,324 of assumed indebtedness presented in the table above.
Immediately prior to the closing, the board of directors of NaviNet approved the acceleration of all unvested stock options of NaviNet. The equity incentive plan governing these stock options stated that NaviNet’s board of directors had the right, at its sole discretion, to accelerate vesting of all outstanding stock options in connection with a change of control. The option holders received a payout of $7,394 immediately following the closing which represented the fair value of all vested and unvested stock options. The Company recognized in its post-acquisition results $4,814 of compensation expense during the six months ended June 30, 2016 since the Company received post-combination benefits resulting from the accelerated vesting.

During the three and six months ended June 30, 2016, the Company recognized $3,736 and $2,058 measurement period adjustments, which increased goodwill. For the three months ended June 30, 2016, the measurement period adjustments included a $953 decrease to goodwill related to a decrease in deferred revenue, a $4,234 increase to goodwill related to a deferred tax liability increase due to tax changes, and a $455 increase to goodwill for working capital adjustments.

Prior to the acquisition, NaviNet entered into retention agreements with certain executives which provided the executives the right to receive severance benefits if their employment is terminated by the Company without cause or by the employee for good reason within 12 months after the closing date. 3BE agreed to indemnify the Company for any severance amounts paid by the Company pursuant to these agreements. During the six months ended June 30, 2016, the Company recognized a measurement period adjustment of $1,678 to decrease goodwill, representing the Company’s right to be reimbursed for such amounts from 3BE.
2015 Acquisitions
NantCloud
On May 31, 2015, NantHealth purchased 100% of the outstanding equity interests in NantCloud Services, LLC ("NantCloud") from NantWorks in exchange for $7,227 in cash the amount invested in that business by NantWorks, without any markup. NantCloud offers a secure cloud infrastructure for hosting sensitive healthcare data as well as information technology security services tailored for the healthcare industry. The Company accounted for its purchase of NantCloud as an arrangement between entities under common control. As a result, the acquisition was recorded and presented at carryover basis and the historical statements of operations and cash flows of NantCloud have been combined with the Company beginning on the date of inception of common control of each respective entity, which started February 10, 2014.

- 18 -

NantHealth, Inc.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements
(In thousands, except share and per share amounts)
(Unaudited)

Note 3. Business Combinations and Investments (Continued)
Healthcare Solutions from Harris Corporation
On June 16, 2015, the Company entered into a definitive agreement with Harris Corporation (“Harris”) to acquire certain assets and assume certain liabilities related to its Healthcare Solutions (“HCS”) business in exchange for $50,556 in cash, subject to working capital adjustments. The acquired assets comprise a business that helps complex healthcare delivery organizations achieve better patient outcomes, clinical and administrative workflow efficiency and stronger collaboration across the continuum of care. The acquisition of HCS closed on July 1, 2015 and furthered the Company’s mission to provide patients with a fully integrated and personalized approach to the delivery of care.
The purchase consideration included $7,500 of funds held in escrow for the settlement of net working capital and other indemnifications. In March 2016, and in accordance with the definitive agreements, the Company received $2,494 out of the escrow account for the settlement of the final net working capital adjustment.
The following table summarizes the total purchase consideration for the acquisition, including the effects of the final net working capital adjustment:
 
 Amounts
Cash paid to Harris at closing
$
43,056

Cash paid to escrow account
7,500

Working capital released from escrow
(2,494
)
Total consideration
$
48,062


The fair value of the identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed for the HCS business is shown in the table below:
 
 Amounts
Accounts receivable, net
$
13,119

Other liabilities, net
(2,205
)
Deferred revenue
(16,076
)
Trademarks
2,400

Developed technology
14,400

Customer relationships
8,900

Backlog
3,900

Goodwill
23,624

Total fair value of net assets acquired
$
48,062


 The estimated lives of the acquired trademark, customer relationships and backlog are five years and the estimated life of the developed technology is seven years. The excess of the purchase price over the net tangible and intangible assets of $23,624 was recorded as goodwill, which reflects primarily the expected future benefit to be realized upon integration of Health Solutions technology into NantHealth’s existing software solutions. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2016, the Company recognized $127 and $274, respectively, of immaterial measurement period adjustments, which increased goodwill.
2015 Investments
IOBS
On June 16, 2015, the Company invested $1,750 in Innovative Oncology Business Solutions, Inc. (“IOBS”) in exchange for 1,750,000 shares of IOBS’s Series A preferred stock. IOBS offers community oncology practices an alternative medical home model for oncology patients that improves health outcomes, enhances patient care experiences and significantly reduces costs of care. The shares of preferred stock represent 35.0% of the outstanding equity of IOBS on an as-converted basis. The Company applied the cost method to account for its investment because the preferred stock is not considered in-substance common stock, is not considered a debt instrument as the Company cannot unilaterally demand redemption of the preferred stock and the preferred stock does not have a readily determinable fair value.

- 19 -

NantHealth, Inc.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements
(In thousands, except share and per share amounts)
(Unaudited)

Note 3. Business Combinations and Investments (Continued)
Investment in TRM and sale to NantCRO
On September 8, 2015, the Company completed a Contribution Agreement with the members of Translational Research Management, LLC (“TRM”) whereby those members contributed their 54% equity interest in TRM in exchange for $250 in cash and 267,905 of the Company’s Series A units. TRM is a management services organization committed to building a nationwide network of community based medical oncology professionals dedicated to offering research studies to their patients. On June 1, 2016, the Series A units issued to TRM were converted into 44,778 shares of the Company’s common stock.
On the same day, the Company sold its 54% equity interest in TRM to NantCRO, LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of NantOmics, in exchange for $250 in cash and 610,928 of NantOmics’ Series A-2 units, which is equivalent in value to the purchase price paid by the Company. As a result, the Company’s ownership percentage in NantOmics is approximately 14.3%.
Pro Forma Financial Information (Unaudited)
The historical operating results of NaviNet and HCS have not been included in the Company’s historical Condensed Consolidated and Combined operating results prior to the acquisition date. The following financial information presents the combined results of continuing operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2015, as if the acquisitions had been completed on January 1, 2015. There are no pro forma adjustments for the three or six months ended June 30, 2016 since the results of NaviNet and HCS are included in the Company’s Condensed Consolidated and Combined financial statements beginning on January 1, 2016 and July 1, 2015, respectively. The unaudited pro forma results do not reflect any material adjustments, operating efficiencies or potential cost savings that may result from the consolidation of operations.
 
Three Months
Ended June 30,
 
Six Months
Ended June 30,
 
2015
 
2015
Revenue
$
33,768

 
$
66,115

Net loss
$
(22,461
)
 
$
(41,317
)
Note 4. Accounts Receivable, net
Accounts receivable, net excludes amounts related to PCS and other services that were billed but not yet delivered at each period end. These undelivered services are also excluded from the deferred revenue balances on the accompanying Condensed Consolidated and Combined balance sheets. The amount of outstanding and unpaid invoices excluded from both the accounts receivable and deferred revenue balances as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 was $8,953 and $12,643, respectively.
 
Accounts receivable are included on the consolidated balance sheets net of the allowance for doubtful accounts. The allowance for doubtful accounts at June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 was $1,333 and $956, respectively.
Note 5. Inventories, net
Inventories, net as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 consisted of the following:
 
June 30,
2016
 
December 31,
2015
 
(Unaudited)
 
 
 
 
 
 
Finished goods
$
1,946

 
$
2,005

Raw Materials
396

 
141

Inventories, net
$
2,342

 
$
2,146



- 20 -

NantHealth, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated and Combined Statements of Operations
(In thousands, except share and per share amounts)
(Unaudited)

Note 6. Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets
Prepaid expenses and other current assets as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 consisted of the following:
 
June 30,
2016
 
December 31,
2015
 
(Unaudited)
 
 
 
 
 
 
Prepaid expenses
$
6,692

 
$
2,161

Restricted cash (1)
100

 

Deferred offering costs

 
3,902

Escrow receivable
1,678

 
2,494

Other current assets
238

 
150

 
$
8,708

 
$
8,707


(1)
Additional $250 of non-current restricted cash is included in the Company’s Condensed Consolidated and Combined balance sheets as part of Other assets.
Note 7. Property, Plant and Equipment, net
Property, plant and equipment, net as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 consisted of the following:
 
June 30,
2016
 
December 31,
2015
 
(Unaudited)
 
 
 
 
 
 
Computer equipment and software
$
27,281

 
$
9,865

Furniture and equipment
8,216

 
6,772

Leasehold and building improvements
3,285

 
1,433

Internal use software
7,170

 
1,018

Construction in progress
2,529

 
1,462

 
48,481

 
20,550

Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization
(22,068
)
 
(6,651
)
Property, plant and equipment, net
$
26,413

 
$
13,899

 
Depreciation expense was $1,956 and $3,669 for the three and six month ended June 30, 2016, respectively. Depreciation expense was $853 and $1,663 for the three and six month ended June 30, 2015, respectively.
Note 8. Intangible Assets
The Company’s definite-lived intangible assets as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 consisted of the following:
 
June 30, 2016 (Unaudited)
 
Customer
Relationships
 
Developed Technologies
 
Software
License
 
Intellectual Property
 
Trade Name
 
Total
Gross carrying amount
$
65,200

 
$
98,930

 
$
5,000

 
$
2,400

 
$
3,000

 
$
174,530

Accumulated amortization
(4,693
)
 
(37,879
)
 
(938
)
 
(480
)
 
(375
)
 
(44,365
)
Intangible assets, net
$
60,507

 
$
61,051

 
$
4,062

 
$
1,920

 
$
2,625

 
$
130,165


- 21 -

NantHealth, Inc.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements
(In thousands, except share and per share amounts)
(Unaudited)

Note 8. Intangible Assets (Continued)
 
December 31, 2015
 
Customer
Relationships
 
Developed Technologies
 
Software
License
 
Intellectual Property
 
Trade Name
 
Total
Gross carrying amount
$
13,200

 
$
66,930

 
$
5,000

 
$
2,400

 
$

 
$
87,530

Accumulated amortization
(1,680
)
 
(30,326
)
 
(313
)
 
(240
)
 

 
(32,559
)
Intangible assets, net
$
11,520

 
$
36,604

 
$
4,687

 
$
2,160

 
$

 
$
54,971

Amortization expense was $5,710 and $11,806 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016, respectively. Amortization expense was $2,235 and $4,579 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2015, respectively.
During the six months ended June 30, 2016, the Company recorded $87,000 of definite-lived intangible assets related to the acquisition of NaviNet (See Note 3). These intangibles are amortized over a period of four to fifteen years.
On September 29, 2015, the Company entered into an exclusive license agreement with NorthShore University Health System (“NorthShore”) to further develop their Health Heritage software platform and to license the software to customers. As part of the agreement, the Company paid NorthShore a one-time license fee of $5,000 and will pay royalties of at least $750 annually for the first four years of the agreement. The Company will have no obligation to pay any additional royalties after 7 years or once aggregate royalties reach $5,000.
The estimated future amortization expense over the next five years and thereafter for the intangible assets that exist as of June 30, 2016 is as follows:
 
Amounts
2016
$
11,039

2017
19,078

2018
18,478

2019
18,166

2020
14,958

Thereafter
48,446

Total
$
130,165


- 22 -

NantHealth, Inc.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements
(In thousands, except share and per share amounts)
(Unaudited)

Note 9. Goodwill
Goodwill activity during the six months ended June 30, 2016 is shown as follows:
 
Amounts
Balance at December 31, 2015
 
Goodwill
$
63,668

Accumulated impairment losses
(6,950
)
Net balance
56,718

 
 
Activity during the year (Unaudited):
 
Acquisitions (See Note 3)
74,376

Measurement period adjustments (See Note 3)
2,332

Net activity during the period
76,708

 
 
Balance at June 30, 2016 (Unaudited):
 
Goodwill
140,376

Accumulated impairment losses
(6,950
)
Net balance
$
133,426

The Company added $76,434 of goodwill related to the acquisition of NaviNet on January 1, 2016 (See Note 3).

On July 1, 2015 , the Company added $23,624 of goodwill related to the acquisition of the HCS business (See Note 3).  

Measurement period adjustments during three and six months ended June 30, 2016 were $3,863 and $2,332, respectively (See Note 3). No measurement period adjustments were recorded during three and six months ended June 30, 2015.

The Company completed the required impairment assessment at June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, and noted no impairment. Consequently, no impairment charges were recorded.
Note 10. Equity Method Investments
On June 19 and June 30, 2015, the Company purchased a total of 168,463,611 Series A-2 units of NantOmics, LLC (“NantOmics”) for an aggregate purchase price of $250,774. Additionally, NantOmics issued 610,928 of its Series A-2 units to the Company on September 8, 2015 in exchange for NantOmics' subsidiary's purchase of NantHealth’s equity interests in TRM. The Series A-2 units represent approximately 14.3% of NantOmics’ issued and outstanding membership interests. NantOmics is majority owned by NantWorks and delivers molecular diagnostic capabilities with the intent of providing actionable intelligence and molecularly driven decision support for cancer patients and their providers at the point of care. The Company applied the equity method to account for its investment in NantOmics as the interest in the equity is similar to a partnership interest. Further, the Company has the ability to exert significant influence over the operating and financial policies of the entity since NantWorks controls both NantHealth and NantOmics. The difference between the carrying amount of the investment in NantOmics and the Company’s underlying equity in NantOmics’ net assets relate to both definite- and indefinite-lived intangible assets. The Company attributed $28,195 and $14,382 of these differences to NantOmics’ developed technologies and its reseller agreement with the Company, respectively, and the remaining basis differences were attributed to goodwill. The Company amortizes the basis differences related to the definite-lived intangible assets over the assets’ estimated useful lives and records these amounts as a reduction in the carrying amount of its investment and an increase in its equity method loss.

The Company reports its share of NantOmics’ income or loss and the amortization of basis differences using a one quarter lag. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2016, the Company recognized $2,375 and $5,289 of loss related to this investment, respectively. From the date of investment through June 30, 2015, the Company recognized $145 of loss related to this investment.

- 23 -

NantHealth, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated and Combined Statements of Operations
(In thousands, except share and per share amounts)
(Unaudited)

Note 10. Equity Method Investments (Continued)
The Company used the following summarized financial information for NantOmics for the trailing six months ended March 31, 2016 to record its equity method losses for the six months ended June 30, 2016:
 
Trailing Six Months Ended March 31, 2016
Sales
$
1,935

Gross loss
(1,738
)
Loss from operations
(16,049
)
Net loss
(14,703
)
Net loss attributable to NantOmics
$
(13,561
)
Note 11. Variable Interest Entities
On June 16, 2015, the Company invested $1,750 in IOBS’ Series A preferred stock and therefore has a variable interest in IOBS. The shares of preferred stock represent 35.0% of the outstanding equity of IOBS on an as-converted basis. The Company applied the cost method to account for its investment because the preferred stock is not considered in-substance common stock, is not considered a debt instrument as the Company cannot unilaterally demand redemption of the preferred stock and the preferred stock does not have a readily determinable fair value.
 
As of June 30, 2016, IOBS was considered a variable interest entity. The Company is not the primary beneficiary of IOBS because it only has the rights to elect two of five directors. All major decisions of IOBS require the majority vote by the members of the board of directors, including decisions made to manage the business including hiring and firing of officers and other critical management functions. Therefore, the Company does not consolidate IOBS.
Note 12. Fair Value Measurements
Assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 consisted of the following:
 
June 30, 2016 (Unaudited)
 
Total
 fair value
 
Quoted price in active markets for identical assets
 (Level 1)
 
Significant other observable inputs
(Level 2)
 
Significant unobservable inputs
 (Level 3)
Assets
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash equivalents
$
84,119

 
$
84,119

 
$

 
$

Marketable securities
71

 
71

 

 

 
December 31, 2015
 
Total
 fair value
 
Quoted price in active markets for identical assets
 (Level 1)
 
Significant other observable inputs
(Level 2)
 
Significant unobservable inputs
 (Level 3)
Assets
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash equivalents
$
630

 
$
630

 
$

 
$

Marketable securities
1,243

 
1,243

 

 


The Company’s intangible assets and goodwill are measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis and are adjusted to fair value only if an impairment charge is recognized. The fair values of the Company’s marketable securities and cash equivalents (consisting of mainly money market accounts) are based on quoted market prices in active markets with no valuation adjustment. (see Note 8).

- 24 -

NantHealth, Inc.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements
(In thousands, except share and per share amounts)
(Unaudited)

Note 13. Commitments and Contingencies
Lease Arrangements
The Company leases both real estate and equipment used in its operations and classifies those leases as either operating or capital leases for accounting purposes. As of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, the Company had no material capital leases and the remaining lives of its operating leases ranged from one to six years.
Rental expense associated with operating leases is charged to expense in the year incurred and is included in the Condensed Consolidated and Combined statements of operations. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2016, the rental expense was charged to selling, general and administrative expense in the amount of $1,130 and $2,240, respectively. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2015, the rental expense was charged to selling, general and administrative expense in the amount of $390 and $736, respectively.

As of June 30, 2016, the Company’s future minimum rental commitments under its non-cancellable operating leases are as follows:
 
Amounts
2016
$
2,262

2017
4,132

2018
2,139

2019
468

2020
271

Total minimum rental commitments
$
9,272

Regulatory Matters
The Company is subject to regulatory oversight by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration and other regulatory authorities with respect to the development, manufacturing, and sale of some of the solutions. In addition, the Company is subject to the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (“HIPAA”), the Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health Act and related patient confidentiality laws and regulations with respect to patient information. The Company reviews the applicable laws and regulations regarding effects of such laws and regulations on its operations on an on-going basis and modifies operations as appropriate. The Company believes it is in substantial compliance with all applicable laws and regulations. Failure to comply with regulatory requirements could have a significant adverse effect on the Company’s business and operations.
Legal Matters
The Company is, from time to time, subject to claims and litigation that arise in the ordinary course of its business. The Company intends to defend vigorously any such litigation that may arise under all defenses that would be available. In the opinion of management, the ultimate outcome of proceedings of which management is aware, even if adverse to them, would not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s Condensed Consolidated and Combined financial condition or results of operations.
Note 14. Income Taxes
The benefit from income taxes for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 was $14,211 and $18,609, respectively. The provision for income taxes for the three and six months ended June 30, 2015 was $0 and $1, respectively. The 2016 year to date benefit from income taxes consists of three components, income tax provision from January 1 through May 31, 2016 for the corporate subsidiaries of NantHealth; income tax benefit resulted from the LLC conversion of NantHealth on June 1, 2016; and income tax provision for the consolidated group for June 2016 based on the annual effective tax rate.








- 25 -

NantHealth, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated and Combined Statements of Operations
(In thousands, except share and per share amounts)
(Unaudited)

Note 14. Income Taxes (Continued)
The effective tax rates for the three months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015 were 20.8% and 0%, respectively. The effective tax rates for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015 were 17.6% and 0%, respectively. The effective tax rate for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 differed from the federal statutory rate primarily due to the fact that Nant Health, LLC converted from a pass-through entity to a C corporation, NantHealth, Inc. on June 1, 2016. Prior to the LLC Conversion, the tax provision represents that of Nant Health, LLC’s corporate subsidiaries. The effective tax rate for the three and six months ended June 30, 2015 differed from the Federal statutory rate primarily due to Nant Health LLC’s pass through status. The increase in the Company's effective tax rates for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 as compared to the three and six months ended June 30, 2015 was also attributable to the LLC Conversion (See Note 16). 
The Company regularly evaluates the likelihood of the realization of the Company's deferred tax assets and reduces the carrying amount of those deferred tax assets by a valuation allowance to the extent the Company believes a portion will not be realized. The Company considers many factors when assessing the likelihood of future realization of the Company's deferred tax assets, including recent cumulative earnings experience by taxing jurisdiction, expectations of future taxable income, the carryforward periods available to us for tax reporting purposes and other relevant factors. Significant judgment is required in making this assessment.  As a result, the Company establishes a full valuation allowance against its deferred tax assets.
One or more of the Company's legal entities file income tax returns in the U.S. Federal jurisdiction, various U.S. state jurisdictions and certain foreign jurisdictions.  The Company currently is not under any federal, state or foreign income tax audits and is no longer subject to U.S. federal income tax examinations for years ended on or before December 31, 2012, or to California state income tax examinations for years ended on or before December 31, 2011.  During the three and six months ended June 30, 2015, the gross amount of the Company’s unrecognized tax benefits (“UTB”) increased by approximately $154 and $219, respectively, as a result of tax positions taken during the current year.  
Note 15. Redeemable Series F Units / Common Stock
On June 20, 2014, the Kuwait Investment Office (“KIO”) purchased 53,580,996 Series F units of the Company through a Delaware blocker corporation, KHealth Holdings, Inc. (“KHealth”), at a purchase price of $2.7995 per unit for an aggregate amount of $150,000. KIO is the London Office of the Kuwait Investment Authority (“KIA”). As part of the investment, KIO had the right and option, but not the obligation, to require NantHealth to redeem 100% of the outstanding shares of KHealth at an amount equal to the original purchase price of $150,000 plus accrued annual interest of 7.0% if the Company had not (i) filed a registration statement on Form S-1 with the Securities and Exchange Commission on or before December 20, 2015 or (ii) had not completed a qualified initial public offering on or before June 20, 2016 (the “Put Right”). KIO did not exercise the Put Right, and it expired as of June 20, 2016.
As of December 31, 2015, the Company determined that the redemption of the Series F units was probable due to the uncertainty of completing a qualified initial public offering under prong (ii) and, as such, accrued $16,042 of interest as a reduction to members’ equity. Prior to December 31, 2015, the Company had concluded that redemption was not probable and had not adjusted the carrying value of such units to redemption value. The Series F units were classified in the Condensed Consolidated and Combined balance sheet as of December 31, 2015 as temporary equity as a result of the contingent redemption feature.
As of June 1, 2016 as part of the LLC Conversion, the Series F units converted to 10,714,285 shares of redeemable common stock. Since the Put Right expired unexercised on June 20, 2016, the shares of common stock owned by KIO are no longer redeemable and are included in Stockholders’ equity.

- 26 -

NantHealth, Inc.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements
(In thousands, except share and per share amounts)
(Unaudited)

Note 15. Redeemable Series F Units / Common Stock (Continued)
The change in net carrying amount of the Series F units and common stock owned by KIO for the six months ended June 30, 2016 consisted of the following:
 
Redeemable Series F Units
 
Redeemable Common Stock
 
Common Stock and Additional-Paid-in-Capital
Balance at December 31, 2015
$
166,042

 
$

 
$

Accretion to redemption value
4,375

 

 

Balance at June 1, 2016 pre-LLC Conversion
170,417

 

 

LLC Conversion
(170,417
)
 
170,417

 

Balance at June 1, 2016 post-LLC Conversion

 
170,417

 

Accretion to redemption value

 
583

 

Balance at June 20, 2016 pre expiration of Put Right

 
171,000

 

Expiration of Put Right at June 20, 2016

 
(171,000
)
 
171,000

Balance at June 20, 2016 post expiration of Put Right and at June 30, 2016
$

 
$

 
$
171,000

Letter Agreement with NantWorks
On May 22, 2016, the Company signed a letter agreement with NantWorks whereby NantWorks agreed to purchase directly from KIO all of the outstanding shares of KHealth if KIO had elected to exercise its Put Right. KIO did not exercise its Put Right (which expired by its terms on June 20, 2016) and NantWorks, therefore did not purchase these shares.
Note 16. Stockholders’ Equity
Initial Public Offering
On June 7, 2016, the Company completed its IPO of 6,500,000 shares of common stock at a public offering price of $14.00 per share. Additionally, on June 9, 2016, the underwriters partially exercised their overallotment option to purchase an additional 400,000 shares of the common stock at $14.00 per share. The Company received $83,230 in proceeds from its IPO, after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and offering costs of $13,370.

In connection with the pricing of the Company’s IPO on June 1, 2016, $40,590 of principal and accrued interest on the Company’s related party promissory notes with NantOmics was converted into 2,899,297 shares of the Company’s common stock.

Subsequent to June 30, 2016, the Company issued additional shares of common stock to holders of vested phantom units, net of withholding tax obligations triggered by the issuance of these shares (See Note 20).
LLC Conversion and Reverse Split
Upon completion of the LLC Conversion on June 1, 2016, (a) all of the Company’s outstanding units automatically converted into shares of common stock, based on the relative rights of the Company's pre-IPO equityholders as set forth in the Company's limited liability company agreement (the "LLC Agreement") and (b) the Company adopted and filed a certificate of incorporation with the Secretary of State of the state of Delaware and adopted bylaws. The Company adopted and filed an amendment to its certificate of incorporation (the "Amended Certificate of Incorporation") with the Secretary of State of the state of Delaware to effect a 1-for-5.5 reverse stock split of its common stock on June 1, 2016.


- 27 -

NantHealth, Inc.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements
(In thousands, except share and per share amounts)
(Unaudited)

Note 16. Stockholders’ Equity (Continued)
Below is a summary of the number of member units pre LLC Conversion as converted into common shares:
 
Pre Conversion
(Units)
Former Series A Unit Holders
420,255,676

Former Series B Unit Holders
19,109,603

Former Series C Unit Holders
3,470,254

Former Series D Unit Holders
3,572,066

Former Series E Unit Holders
35,720,664

Former Series G Unit Holders
59,099,908

Former Series H Unit Holders
15,513,726

Total Member Units
556,741,897


The units in the table above were converted to 99,651,444 shares of common stock and 10,462 shares of restricted stock. The members’ equity balance of $525,388 was reclassified into common stock and additional paid-in capital in the Condensed Consolidated and Combined balance sheet as of June 30, 2016.
LLC Agreement and Amended Certificate of Incorporation
Prior to the LLC Conversion, the Company’s operations were governed by its LLC Agreement. Upon the consummation of the LLC Conversion, the Company converted into a corporation, and the LLC Agreement no longer governs the Company's operations or the rights of its equityholders.
The LLC Agreement provided that the board of directors had the power and discretion to manage and control the business, property and affairs of the company, but that certain actions required the consent of certain of the Company's former members. Under the LLC Agreement, the Company had units authorized, including Series A through H units. Each equityholder holding Series A, B, D, E, F, G or H units had one vote for each unit held. Profits interests units awarded under the Nant Health, LLC Profits Interests Plan (the "Profits Interests Plan") took the form of Series C units of the Company. Holders of Series C units did not have the right to vote. The LLC Agreement also set forth the rights of and restrictions on unitholders, including certain rights of first refusal and preemptive and co-sale rights. The LLC Agreement also provided that, upon the LLC Conversion, the allocation of shares of the Company's common stock among the pre-IPO equityholders was dependent upon the IPO price of its common stock, based on the relative rights of the pre-IPO equityholders as set forth in the LLC Agreement. As a result, as part of the LLC Conversion, the Company set the actual allocation of shares among its pre-IPO equityholders based upon the IPO price of its common stock.
Concurrently with the consummation of the LLC Conversion, the LLC Agreement was terminated, other than certain provisions relating to certain pre-termination tax matters and certain liabilities.

In accordance with the Company’s amended and restated certificate of incorporation, which was filed immediately following the closing of its IPO, the Company is authorized to issue 750,000,000 shares of common stock, with a par value of $0.0001 per share, and 20,000,000 shares of undesignated preferred stock, with a par value of $0.0001 per share. Holders of the Company’s common stock are entitled to one vote for each share held on all matters submitted to a vote of its stockholders. Holders of the Company’s common stock have no cumulative voting rights. Further, as of June 30, 2016, holders of the Company’s common stock have no preemptive, conversion, redemption or subscription rights and there are no sinking fund provisions applicable to the Company’s common stock. Upon liquidation, dissolution or winding-up of the Company, holders of the Company’s common stock are entitled to share ratably in all assets remaining after payment of all liabilities and the liquidation preferences of any outstanding shares of preferred stock. Subject to preferences that may be applicable to any outstanding shares of preferred stock, holders of the Company’s common stock are entitled to receive dividends, if any, as may be declared from time to time by the Company’s board of directors. As of June 30, 2016, there were no outstanding shares of preferred stock.

- 28 -

NantHealth, Inc.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements
(In thousands, except share and per share amounts)
(Unaudited)

Note 16. Stockholders’ Equity (Continued)
2016 Equity Issuances
NaviNet
On January 1, 2016, the Company issued 15,513,726 Series H units to 3BE Holdings, LLC for the acquisition of NaviNet at a purchase price of $3.3841 per unit for an aggregate amount of $52,500. The Series H units had substantially the same rights and preferences as the former Series B, D, E, F and G units that were outstanding at the time. On June 1, 2016, the Series H units issued to 3BE Holdings, LLC were converted into 3,749,998 shares of the Company’s common stock.
2015 Equity Issuances
Allscripts Investment
On June 29, 2015, the Company issued 59,099,908 Series G units to Allscripts Healthcare Solutions, Inc. (“Allscripts”), at a purchase price of $3.3841 per unit for an aggregate amount of $200,000. The Series G units had substantially the same rights and preferences as the former Series B, D, E and F units that were outstanding at the time. On June 1, 2016, the Series G units issued to Allscripts were converted into 14,285,714 shares of the Company’s common stock.
Note 17. Stock Based Compensation
Profits Interests Plan
On December 3, 2013, the Company adopted the Profits Interests Plan under which it had reserved an aggregate of 63,750,000 Series C units for issuance to associates, consultants and contractors of the Company in consideration for bona fide services provided to the Company.
The Series C units were considered profits interests of the Company and did not entitle their holders (the “Series C Members”) to receive distributions if the Company were liquidated immediately after the grant. Instead, the Series C Members were entitled to receive an allocation of a portion of the profit and loss of the Company arising after the date of the grant and, subject to vesting conditions, distributions made out of a portion of the profits of the Company arising after the grant date of the Series C units. Grants of the Series C units were either fully vested, partially vested, or entirely unvested at the time of the grant as determined by the Board.
Series C Members were not entitled to receive any distributions until the aggregate distributions made by the Company exceeded a hurdle amount applicable to those Series C units. The hurdle amount for each grant was determined by the Board at the date of issuance of such units. After all other members received their applicable hurdle amount, the Series C Members were entitled to receive their percentage interest of such excess distributions.
As of December 31, 2015 and through the date of the LLC Conversion, the Company had 3,470,254 Series C units outstanding.
Upon the LLC Conversion (See Note 16) on June 1, 2016, the Company issued 28,973 shares of common stock to holders of vested Series C units and 10,462 shares of restricted stock to holders of unvested Series C units. The shares of restricted stock issued to holders of unvested profits interests are subject to forfeiture until becoming fully vested in accordance with the terms of the original Series C unit grant agreements.
During the three and six months ended June 30, 2016, and three and six months ended June 30, 2015, the Company recognized stock based compensation for the Series C units/restricted stock of -$366, -$268, $125 and $1,031, respectively. Total stock-based compensation expense of $348 is expected to be recognized on a straight-line basis over the next 2.3 years for the unvested restricted stock outstanding as of June 30, 2016. The unrecognized stock compensation relates to nonemployees and the awards are being accounted for pursuant to ASC 505-50. Stock compensation expense for the Series C units/restricted stock issued to the nonemployees is being calculated based on the fair value of the award on each balance sheet date and the attribution of that cost is being recognized ratably over the vesting period.

- 29 -

NantHealth, Inc.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements
(In thousands, except share and per share amounts)
(Unaudited)

Note 17. Stock Based Compensation (Continued)
Phantom Unit Plan
On March 31, 2015, the Company approved the Nant Health, LLC Phantom Unit Plan (the “Phantom Unit Plan”). The maximum number of phantom units that may be issued under the Phantom Plan is equal to 11,590,909 minus the number of issued and outstanding Series C units of the Company. As of June 30, 2016, there were 6,173,676 phantom units outstanding under the Phantom Unit Plan, after giving effect to the 1-for-5.5 reverse stock split. Each grant of phantom units made to a participant under the Phantom Unit Plan vests over a defined service period, subject to completion of a liquidity event. The Company’s IPO satisfied the liquidity event condition and the phantom units now entitle their holders to cash or non-cash payments in an amount equal to the number of vested units held by that participant multiplied by the fair market value of one share of the Company’s common stock on the date each phantom unit vests. After the Company’s IPO, the Company will no longer issue any units under the Phantom Unit Plan.

The Company intends to settle all vested phantom unit payments held by United States-based participants in shares of the Company’s common stock and classifies these awards as equity awards in its Condensed Consolidated and Combined balance sheet. Awards held by participants who are based outside of the United States will be settled in cash and are classified within accrued expenses on the Condensed Consolidated and Combined balance sheet as of June 30, 2016.

Stock-based compensation expense related to phantom units is included in the following line items in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated and Combined statement of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015:
 
Three Months Ended
June 30,
 
Six Months Ended
June 30,
 
2016
 
2015
 
2016
 
2015
Cost of revenue
$
7,032

 
$

 
$
7,032

 
$

Selling, general and administrative
23,577

 

 
23,577

 

Research and development
13,449

 

 
13,449

 

Total
$
44,058

 
$

 
$
44,058

 
$

The following table summarizes the activity related to the unvested phantom units during the six months ended June 30, 2016:
 
Number of Units
 
Weighted
Average Grant
date value per
phantom unit
Unvested phantom units outstanding - December 31, 2015
3,653,008

 
$15.78
   Granted
108,995

 
$14.45
   Vested

 
$—
   Forfeited
(447,076
)
 
$15.80
Unvested phantom units outstanding - March 31, 2016
3,314,927

 
$15.74
   Granted
2,985,340

 
$14.58
   Vested
(1,612,421
)
 
$15.21
   Forfeited
(126,591
)
 
$15.40
Unvested phantom units outstanding - June 30, 2016
4,561,255

 
$15.18

During the six months ended June 30, 2016, the Company granted 1,043,450 phantom units to employees of related companies who are providing services to the Company under the shared services agreement with NantWorks (See Note 19) as well as certain consultants of the Company. Stock compensation expense for the phantom units issued to these participants is re-measured at the end of each reporting period until the awards vest. All other grants of phantom units have been made to employees of the Company. The Company uses the accelerated attribution method to recognize expense for all phantom units since the awards’ vesting was subject to the completion of a liquidity event. The grant date fair value of the phantom units granted prior to LLC Conversion was estimated using both an option pricing method and a probability weighted expected return method.


- 30 -

NantHealth, Inc.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements
(In thousands, except share and per share amounts)
(Unaudited)

Note 17. Stock Based Compensation (Continued)
As of June 30, 2016, the Company had $46,675 of unrecognized stock based compensation expense related to phantom units which will be recognized over a weighted-average period of 3.5 years. Of that amount, $40,717 of unrecognized expense is related to employee grants with a weighted-average period of 3.4 years and $5,958 of unrecognized expense is related to non-employee grants with a weighted-average period of 3.8 years.

Subsequent to June 30, 2016, the Company issued 1,056,689 shares of common stock to settle phantom units that were vested as of June 30, 2016 (See Note 20).
2016 Equity Incentive Plan
In May and June of 2016, the Company’s Board of Directors adopted and the Company’s stockholders approved the 2016 Equity Incentive Plan (“the 2016 Plan”) in connection with the Company’s IPO. The 2016 Plan provides for the grant of incentive stock options, non-statutory stock options, restricted stock, restricted stock units, stock appreciation rights, performance units and performance shares to employees, directors and consultants. A total of 6,000,000 shares of common stock are reserved for issuance pursuant to the 2016 Plan.
The Company issued 10,462 shares of restricted stock under the 2016 Plan during the three months ended June 30, 2016 resulting from the conversion of the Series C units. No other awards have been issued pursuant to the 2016 Plan as of June 30, 2016.
Note 18. Net Loss Per Share
The following table sets forth reconciliations of the numerators and denominators used to compute basic and diluted net loss per share of common stock and redeemable common stock for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015:
 
Three Months Ended
June 30,
 
Six Months Ended
June 30,
 
2016
 
2015
 
2016
 
2015
 
Common Stock
 
Redeemable Common Stock
 
Common Stock
 
Common Stock
 
Redeemable Common Stock
 
Common Stock
Loss per share numerator
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net loss
$
(54,132
)
 
$

 
$
(17,236
)
 
$
(87,277
)
 
$

 
$
(31,201
)
Accretion to redemption value of series F/redeemable common stock
(2,333
)
 
2,333

 

 
(4,958
)
 
4,958

 

Net (loss)/income for basic/diluted loss per share
$
(56,465
)
 
$
2,333

 
$
(17,236
)
 
$
(92,235
)
 
$
4,958

 
$
(31,201
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Loss per share denominator:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Weighted-average shares for basic net loss per share
104,072,198

 
9,419,152

 
82,406,012

 
101,846,445

 
10,066,719

 
82,014,695

Effect of dilutive securities

 

 

 

 

 

Weighted-average shares for dilutive net loss per share
104,072,198

 
9,419,152

 
82,406,012

 
101,846,445

 
10,066,719

 
82,014,695

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic & Diluted net loss per share
$
(0.54
)
 
$
0.25

 
$
(0.21
)
 
$
(0.91
)
 
$
0.49

 
$
(0.38
)

- 31 -

NantHealth, Inc.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements
(In thousands, except share and per share amounts)
(Unaudited)

Note 18. Net Loss Per Share (Continued)
The net loss per share and weighted-average shares outstanding have been computed to give effect to the LLC Conversion (See Note 16) that occurred June 1, 2016 prior to the Company’s initial public offering.  In conjunction with the LLC Conversion, (a) all of the Company’s outstanding units automatically converted into shares of common stock, based on the relative rights of the Company's pre-IPO equityholders as set forth in the limited liability company agreement and (b) the Company adopted and filed a certificate of incorporation with the Secretary of State of the state of Delaware and adopted bylaws. The Company filed an amended certificate of incorporation to effect a 1-for-5.5 reverse stock split of its common stock on June 1, 2016.

As of December 31, 2015, the Company determined that the redemption of the Series F units was probable due to the uncertainty of completing a qualified initial public offering and, as such, accrued interest as a reduction to members’ equity. Prior to December 31, 2015, the Company had concluded that redemption was not probable and had not adjusted the carrying value of such units to redemption value. As of June 1, 2016 as part of the LLC Conversion, the Series F units converted to shares of redeemable common stock. The Put Right on redeemable common stock expired unexercised on June 20, 2016, and as of that date, the shares of common stock owned by KIO are no longer redeemable and are included in common shares (See Note 15).

For the three and six months ended June 30, 2016, basic and diluted net loss per share included 1,056,689 shares of common stock issuable to holders of vested phantom units as of June 30, 2016, and which were issued subsequent to June 30, 2016 (See Note 20).
For the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, 4,561,255 and 3,719,091 shares of common stock issuable to holders of unvested phantom units, respectively were not included in the computation of diluted net loss per share applicable to common stockholders because they would have an antidilutive effect on the diluted net loss per share.
19. Related Party Transactions
NantWorks Shared Services Agreement
In October 2012, the Company entered into a shared services agreement with NantWorks that provides for ongoing services from NantWorks in areas such as public relations, information technology and cloud services, human resources and administration management, finance and risk management, environmental health and safety, sales and marketing services, facilities, procurement and travel, and corporate development and strategy (the "Shared Services Agreement"). The Company was billed quarterly for such services at cost, without mark-up or profit for NantWorks, but including reasonable allocations of employee benefits, facilities and other direct or fairly allocated indirect costs that relate to the associates providing the services. The Company incurred $3,157 and $5,721 of expenses during the three and six months ended June 30, 2016, respectively, related to selling, general and administrative services provided by the Company to NantWorks and affiliates, net of services provided to NantWorks and affiliates. The Company incurred $3,050 and $5,266 of expenses during the three and six months ended June 30, 2015 related to selling, general and administrative services provided by NantWorks. Additionally, the Company incurred $210 of expenses during the six months ended June 30, 2016 related to research and development services provided by NantWorks. No expenses were incurred during three Months ended June 30, 2016. The Company incurred $308 and $663 of expenses during the three and six months ended June 30, 2015, respectively related to research and development services provided by NantWorks.
Related Party Receivables and Payables
As of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, the Company had related party receivables of $2,884 and $2,545, respectively. The related party receivables balances at June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 primarily consisted of a $2,150 receivable from Ziosoft KK related to the sale of Qi Imaging. As of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 the Company had related party payables of $11,426 and $10,166, respectively. The related party payables balances primarily relate to amounts owed to NantWorks pursuant to the Shared Services Agreement, amounts owed to NantOmics under the Original Reseller Agreement and the Amended Reseller Agreement and amounts owed to NantCapital under the related party promissory note. The balance of the related party receivables and payables represent amounts paid by affiliates on behalf of the Company or vice versa.

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NantHealth, Inc.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements
(In thousands, except share and per share amounts)
(Unaudited)

19. Related Party Transactions (Continued)
Amended Reseller Agreement
On June 19, 2015, the Company entered into a five and a half year exclusive Reseller Agreement with NantOmics for sequencing and bioinformatics services (the "Original Reseller Agreement"). On May 9, 2016, the Company and NantOmics executed an Amended and Restated Reseller Agreement (the “Amended Reseller Agreement”), pursuant to which the Company received the worldwide, exclusive right to resell NantOmics’ quantitative proteomic analysis services, as well as related consulting and other professional services, to institutional customers (including insurers and self-insured healthcare providers) throughout the world. The Company retained its existing rights to resell NantOmics’ genomic sequencing and bioinformatics services. Under the Amended Reseller Agreement, the Company is responsible for various aspects of delivering its sequencing and molecular analysis solutions, including patient engagement and communications with providers such as providing interpretations of the reports delivered to the physicians and resolving any disputes, ensuring customer satisfaction, and managing billing and collections.

The Amended and Restated Reseller Agreement grants to the Company the right to renew the agreement (with exclusivity) for up to three renewal terms, each lasting three years, if the Company achieves projected volume thresholds, as follows: (i) the first renewal option can be exercised if the Company completes at least 300 tests between June 19, 2015 and June 30, 2020; (ii) the second renewal option can be exercised if the Company completes at least 570 tests between July 1, 2020 and June 30, 2023; and (iii) the third renewal option can be exercised if the Company completes at least 760 tests between July 1, 2023 and June 30, 2026. If the Company does not meet the applicable volume threshold during the initial term or the first or second exclusive renewal terms, the Company can renew for a single additional three year term, but only on a non-exclusive basis.
Under the Reseller Agreement, NantHealth agreed to pay NantOmics non-cancellable annual minimum fees of $2,000 beginning with and for the 2016 calendar year. Subject to the Company exercising at least one of its renewal options described above, the Amended Reseller Agreement requires the Company to pay annual minimum fees to NantOmics of at least $25,000 per year for each of the calendar years from 2021 through 2023 and $50,000 per year for each of the calendar years from 2024 through 2029. As of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, the Company has $1,365 and $3,111, respectively, of outstanding related party payables related to the Amended Reseller Agreement, respectively.
In January 2015, the Company entered into an agreement to provide certain research related sequencing services to a university which is engaged in researching the genetic causes of certain hereditary diseases (“the university”). The agreement provides that the university pay the Company $10,000 in exchange for the Company providing sequencing services through the Original Reseller Agreement.
At the request of the university, certain public and private charitable 501(c)(3) non-profit organizations provided partial funding for the sequencing and related bioinformatics costs associated with the project. The Company’s Chairman and CEO serves as the CEO and a member of the board of directors of each of the organizations and by virtue of these positions he may have influence or control over these organizations. The university was not contractually or otherwise required to use the Company’s molecular profiling solutions or any of the Company’s other products or services as part of the charitable gift. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2016, $1,180 and $1,620, respectively, was recorded as a deemed capital contribution within members' equity. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2015, $490 was recorded as a deemed capital contribution within members' equity (See Note 1). During the three and six months ended June 30, 2016, $708 and $972 of costs, respectively were recorded as other services cost of revenue related to the service performed. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2015, $294 of costs were recognized as other services cost of revenue related to the service performed.

- 33 -

NantHealth, Inc.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements
(In thousands, except share and per share amounts)
(Unaudited)

19. Related Party Transactions (Continued)
Related Party Promissory Notes
On January 4, 2016, the Company executed a $112,666 demand promissory note in favor of NantCapital to fund the acquisition of NaviNet. The note bears interest at a per annum rate of 5.0%, compounded annually and computed on the basis of the actual number of days elapsed and a year of 365 or 366 days, as the case may be. The unpaid principal and any accrued and unpaid interest on the note was originally due and payable on demand in either (i) cash, (ii) shares of the Company's common stock based on per share price of $18.6126, (iii) Series A-2 units of NantOmics based on a per unit price of $1.484 to the extent such equity is owned by the Company or (iv) any combination of the foregoing, all at the option of NantCapital. Subject to the preceding sentence, the Company may prepay the outstanding amount at any time, either in whole or in part, without premium or penalty and without the prior consent of NantCapital. On May 9, 2016, the promissory note with NantCapital was amended to provide that all outstanding principal and accrued interest is due and payable on June 30, 2021, and not on demand. No other terms of the promissory note were changed. As of June 30 2016, the total principal and interest outstanding on the note amounted to $115,421.
On January 22, 2016, the Company executed a demand promissory note in favor of NantOmics. The principal amount of the initial advance totaled $20,000. On March 8, 2016, NantOmics made a second advance to the Company for $20,000. The note bears interest at a per annum rate is 5.0% and is compounded annually. In May and June of 2016, the Company executed amendments to the demand promissory note with NantOmics, which provide that all unpaid principal of each advance owed to NantOmics and any accrued and unpaid interest would convert automatically into shares of the Company’s common stock after pricing of the Company’s IPO and immediately after conversion of the Company from a limited liability company to a corporation. On June 1, 2016, approximately $40,590 of principal and accrued interest under the promissory note with NantOmics was converted into 2,899,297 shares of the Company’s common stock in connection with the IPO. The Company can request additional advances from NantOmics and, as of June 30, 2016, there was no outstanding balance on the promissory note.
Note 20. Subsequent Events
On July 25, 2016, the Company issued 1,056,689 shares of common stock to participants of the Phantom Unit Plan based in the United States who held vested phantom units as of June 30, 2016, after withholding approximately 538,794 shares to satisfy tax withholding obligations. The Company made a cash payment of $6,259 to cover employee withholding taxes and employer payroll taxes upon the settlement of these vested phantom units. The Company also paid $235 on August 9, 2016 to cash-settle 16,818 vested phantom units held by participants of the Phantom Unit Plan based outside of the United States.

The Company evaluated subsequent events after the balance sheet date of June 30, 2016 through the date of the filing of this report, and determined that with the exception of the subsequent issuance of common shares and related cash payments described above, there were no other reportable subsequent events.

- 34 -


Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Forward Looking Statements
The following is a discussion and analysis of our financial condition and the results of operations as of and for the periods presented below. The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with the “Condensed Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements” and notes thereto included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, or Quarterly Report. This discussion contains forward-looking statements that are based on the beliefs of our management, as well as assumptions made by, and information currently available to our management, and are subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties, and other factors that may cause our actual results to differ materially from those expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. These risks, uncertainties, and other factors include, among others, those identified under the “Special Note About Forward-Looking Statements", above and described in greater detail elsewhere in this Quarterly Report and in our Registration Statement on Form S-1, as amended, particularly in the sections entitled “Risk Factors”.
Overview
We are a leading next-generation, evidence-based, personalized healthcare company focused on enabling our clients to fundamentally change the diagnosis, treatment and pharmacoeconomics of cancer and other critical illnesses. We believe a molecular-driven, systems-based approach to making clinical treatment decisions based on large-scale, real time biometric and phenotypical data will become the standard of care initially for patients with cancer and, ultimately, other critical illnesses. We derive revenue from selling GPS Cancer (our Genomic Proteomic Spectrometry Cancer test, a unique, comprehensive molecular test and decision support solution that measures the proteins present in the patient's tumor tissue, combined with whole genomic and transcriptomic sequencing of tumor & normal samples), to which we obtained exclusive access from an affiliate, and NantOS and NantOS apps to healthcare providers and payors, self-insured employers and biopharmaceutical companies. NantOS and NantOS apps include proprietary methods and algorithms for enabling healthcare providers to make better treatment decisions to improve patient outcomes and lower the cost of care, and allow healthcare payors to ensure that their dependents receive high quality care in a cost-effective manner. We believe that as healthcare providers and payors migrate to value-based reimbursement models and implement advances in precision medicine, our offerings position us at the forefront of multiple significant market opportunities.
We market CLINICS (our Comprehensive, Learning, Integrated, NantHealth, Intelligent, Clinical System) as a comprehensive integrated solution that includes GPS Cancer, NantOS and the NantOS apps. We also market our NantOS, individual NantOS apps and suites of NantOS apps as stand-alone solutions. To accelerate our commercial growth and enhance our competitive advantage, we continue to:

introduce new marketing, education and engagement efforts and foster relationships across the oncology community to drive adoption of GPS Cancer;
pursue reimbursement of GPS Cancer from regional and national third-party payors and government payors;
publish scientific and medical advances;
strengthen our commercial organization to increase our CLINICS and GPS Cancer client base and to broaden usage of our solutions by existing clients who currently use only NantOS, specific NantOS apps or suites of NantOS apps; and
develop new features and functionality for CLINICS to address the needs of current and future healthcare provider and payor, self-insured employer and biopharmaceutical company clients.
We estimate that GPS Cancer and CLINICS, including the NantOS and NantOS apps, address a potential market opportunity in excess of $50 billion globally.
Since our inception, we have devoted substantially all of our resources to the development and commercialization of CLINICS, including NantOS and the NantOS apps, as well as the commercial launch of our GPS Cancer business. To complement our internal growth and expertise, we have made several strategic acquisitions of companies, products and technologies. We have incurred significant losses since our inception, and as of June 30, 2016 our accumulated deficit was approximately $378.4 million. We expect to continue to incur operating losses over the near term as we drive adoption of GPS Cancer, expand our commercial operations, and invest further in CLINICS.


- 35 -


We plan to (i) continue investing in our infrastructure, including but not limited to solution development, sales and marketing, implementation and support, (ii) continue efforts to make infrastructure investments within an overall context of maintaining reasonable expense discipline, (iii) add new clients through maintaining and expanding sales, marketing and solution development activities, (iv) expand our relationships with existing clients through delivery of add-on and complementary solutions and services and (v) continue our commitment of service in support of our client satisfaction programs. We believe that our growing client base using our NantOS and NantOS apps on a daily basis is a strategic asset, and we intend to expand sales of CLINICS offerings towards this client base in order to leverage this strategic asset.
Recent Acquisitions and Investments
We have made several significant acquisitions and investments in 2015 and 2016, which have expanded the features and functionality of CLINICS, including the following:
 
NantOmics In June 2015, we invested a substantial portion of our available capital in NantOmics, a majority owned subsidiary of NantWorks. Our investment represents approximately 14.3% of the issued and outstanding membership interests of NantOmics. Our relationship with NantOmics provides us with access to what we believe is the nation’s only CAP- and CLIA-certified whole genome and quantitative proteomics laboratory.
Healthcare Solutions (“HCS”) In July 2015, we acquired certain assets related to HCS business from Harris Corporation. Once integrated with our systems, we believe the acquired assets will help complex healthcare delivery organizations achieve better patient outcomes, clinical and administrative workflow efficiency and stronger collaboration across the continuum of care.
NaviNet In January 2016, we acquired NaviNet, which provides a secure collaboration network connecting approximately 36 health plans and which is estimated to be utilized in more than 60% of the nation’s physicians’ offices as of the first quarter of 2016. NaviNet Open will serve as a nationwide scalable and secure web-based portal for patients and providers.
Non-GAAP Net Loss Per Share
The following table reconciles Net Loss to Net Loss - Non-GAAP and Shares Outstanding to Shares Outstanding - Non-GAAP for the three and six months ended June 30, 2015 and 2016:
(In thousands except share and per share amounts)
Three Months Ended
June 30,
 
Six Months Ended
June 30,
 
2016
 
2015
 
2016
 
2015
Loss before Income taxes
$
(68,343
)
 
$
(17,236
)
 
$
(105,886
)
 
$
(31,200
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Loss from equity method investments
2,375

 
145

 
5,289

 
145

Stock-based compensation expense
43,691

 
126

 
43,788

 
1,031

Corporate restructuring
179

 
458

 
2,145

 
986

Acquisition related compensation expense

 

 
4,814

 

Sales incentive
40

 

 
1,461

 

Intangible amortization
5,710

 
2,235

 
11,806

 
4,579

Total adjustments to GAAP net loss before provision for income taxes
51,995

 
2,964

 
69,303

 
6,741

Provision from income taxes
175

 

 
305

 
1

Net loss - Non-GAAP
$
(16,523
)
 
$
14,272

 
$
(36,888
)
 
$
(24,460
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Weighted average shares outstanding (1)
104,072,198

 
82,406,012

 
101,846,445

 
82,014,695

Weighted average Series F/redeemable stock (1)(2)
9,419,152

 
10,714,285

 
10,066,719

 
10,714,285

Shares Outstanding - Non-GAAP (1)
113,491,350

 
93,120,297

 
111,913,164

 
92,728,980

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net loss per share - Non-GAAP (1)
$
(0.15
)
 
$
(0.15
)
 
$
(0.33
)
 
$
(0.26
)

- 36 -


(1)
The net loss per share - non GAAP, weighted-average shares outstanding, weighted average Series F units/redeemable stock and shares outstanding - non-GAAP have been computed to give effect to the LLC conversion that occurred June 1, 2016 prior to our initial public offering.  In conjunction with the LLC Conversion, (a) all of our outstanding units automatically converted into shares of common stock, based on the relative rights of our pre-IPO equityholders as set forth in the limited liability company agreement and (b) we adopted and filed a certificate of incorporation with the Secretary of State of the state of Delaware and adopted bylaws. We filed an amended certificate of incorporation to effect a 1-for-5.5 reverse stock split of our common stock on June 1, 2016.
(2)
The weighted-average shares outstanding have been further adjusted to account for the redeemable Series F units (converted to common stock in conjunction with the LLC conversion), whose Put Right expired on June 20, 2016.  Prior to June 20, 2016, these units/shares of common stock were classified as redeemable members’/stockholders’ equity in the balance sheet, and as such, were not included in the weighted-average shares outstanding prior to June 20, 2016.  The Put Right expired June 20, 2016, and the shares were no longer redeemable and are included in shareholders’ equity as of June 30, 2016. The weighted-average shares are adjusted to include the redeemable common stock in the weighted-average shares outstanding for the entire period.
Components of Our Results of Operations
Revenue
We generate our revenue from the sale of licensed software, maintenance, software-as-a-service, hardware and services. Our Systems Infrastructure and platforms support the delivery of both personalized comprehensive sequencing and molecular analysis and the implementation of value-based care models across the healthcare continuum. We generate revenue from the following sources:
Software, middleware and hardware —Software, middleware and hardware revenue is generated from the sale of NantOS and NantOS apps software on either a perpetual or term license basis, and the sale of our hardware. The software is installed on the client’s site or the client’s designated vendor’s site and is not hosted by us or by a vendor contracted by us. We also generate revenue from the resale of third-party software and hardware to our clients. Our software and hardware solutions sold include components of our NantOS, including FusionFX, cOS, DeviceConX and HBox.
Software-as-a-service —Software-as-a-service, or SaaS, revenue is generated from our clients’ access to and usage of our hosted software solutions on a subscription basis for a specified contract term, which is typically annually. In our SaaS arrangements, the client cannot take possession of the software during the term of the contract and generally only has the right to access and use the software and receive any software upgrades published during the subscription period. Solutions sold under a SaaS model include our eviti platform solutions and NantOS and NantOS apps. SaaS revenue may include hosting of our software solutions on behalf of the client.
Maintenance —Maintenance revenue includes ongoing post-contract client support, or PCS, or maintenance during the paid PCS term. Additionally, PCS includes ongoing development of software updates and upgrades provided to the client on a when and if available basis. We sell NantOS, including DeviceConX and FusionFX, with maintenance contracts.
Sequencing and molecular analysis —Sequencing and molecular analysis revenue is generated by the process of performing sequencing and analysis of whole genome DNA, RNA and proteomic results, including GPS Cancer. We recognize revenue upon the delivery of the analysis and reporting of the results to the client.
Other services —Other services revenue includes revenue from professional services we provide that are generally complementary to our software solutions and may or may not be required for the solution to function as desired by the client. When associated with software, there services are generally provided in the form of training and implementation services during the software license period and do not include PCS. Other services revenue also includes the sale of nursing and therapy services provided to patients in a home care setting and any other services not included in the preceding revenue sources.
The Company has established VSOE for PCS on certain of its software solutions. The Company has not yet established VSOE of fair value for any element other than PCS for a portion of its arrangements. In situations where VSOE of fair value exists for PCS but not a delivered element, the residual method is used to allocate revenue to the undelivered element equal to its VSOE value with the remainder allocated to the delivered elements. In situations where our services are essential to the functionality of our software and VSOE of fair value for PCS does not exist, we defer revenue and costs until we have delivered all elements of the arrangement and amortize revenue and costs over the initial PCS period. For our contracts with multiple elements, we defer revenue until only one undelivered element remains and then recognize the revenue following the pattern of delivery of the final undelivered element. The timing and pattern of this revenue recognition can cause variations in revenue from period-to-period.

- 37 -


Cost of Revenue
Cost of revenue consists primarily of personnel-related costs for associates providing services to our clients and supporting our revenue-generating platform infrastructure, including salaries, benefits and bonuses. Additional expenses include consultant costs, direct reimbursable travel expenses and other direct engagement costs associated with the design, development, sale and installation of our solutions, including system support and maintenance services. Our cost of revenue associated with each of our revenue sources is as follows:
Software, middleware and hardware— Software and hardware cost of revenue includes third-party software and hardware costs directly associated with our solutions.
Software-as-a-service— SaaS cost of revenue includes personnel-related and other direct costs associated with the delivery and hosting of NantOS and NantOS apps, including eviti, our cancer-decision support solution, and NaviNet on a subscription basis.
Maintenance —Maintenance cost of revenue includes personnel-related and other direct costs associated with the ongoing support or maintenance we provide for our clients.
Sequencing and molecular analysis —Sequencing and molecular analysis cost of revenue includes internal costs associated with these services and amounts due to NantOmics under our Reseller Agreement for the sequencing and analysis of whole genome, DNA, RNA and proteomic results.
Other services —Other services cost of revenue includes personnel-related and other direct costs associated with software training and implementation services provided to our clients as well as direct expenses relating to our nursing and therapy services provided to patients in a home care setting.
Cost of revenue also includes amortization of our developed technologies used to generate revenue. We plan to continue to expand our capacity to support our growth, which will result in higher cost of revenue in absolute dollars. We expect cost of revenue to decrease as a percentage of revenue over time as we expand CLINICS and realize economies of scale.
Operating Expenses
Our operating expenses consist of selling, general and administrative, research and development, and amortization of software license and acquisition-related assets.

Selling, general and administrative

Selling, general and administrative expense consists primarily of shared service fees from NantWorks, personnel-related expenses for our sales and marketing, finance, legal, human resources, stock based compensation, administrative associates, and advertising and marketing promotions of CLINICS and GPS Cancer. It also includes trade show and event costs, sponsorship costs, point of purchase display expenses and related amortization as well as legal costs, consulting and professional fees, insurance and other corporate and administrative costs.
With the exception of stock based compensation, we expect our selling, general and administrative expense to increase in absolute dollars as we continue to invest in our sales and marketing activities to attract new clients broaden usage of our solutions by existing clients, and expand our brand. Additionally, we expect to incur additional costs for legal, accounting, insurance, investor relations and other costs associated with operating as a public company. These increases include additional costs we expect to incur associated with compliance with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and other regulations governing public companies as well as increased costs for directors’ and officers’ liability insurance and an enhanced investor relations function. However, we expect our selling, general and administrative expense to decrease as a percentage of revenue over the long term as our revenue increases and we realize economies of scale.

Research and development

Research and development expenses consist primarily of personnel-related costs for associates working on development of solutions, including salaries, benefits and stock based compensation. Also included are non-personnel costs such as consulting and professional fees to third-party development resources.
Substantially all of our research and development expenses are related to developing new software solutions and improving our existing software solutions. To date, research and development expenses have been expensed as incurred as the period between achieving technological feasibility and the release of software solutions for sale has been short and development costs qualifying for capitalization have been insignificant.

- 38 -


With the exception of stock based compensation, we expect our research and development expenses to continue to increase in absolute dollars and as a percentage of revenue in the short term as we continue to make significant investments in developing new solutions and enhancing the functionality of our existing solutions. However, we expect our research and development expenses to decrease as a percentage of revenue over the long term as we realize economies of scale from our developed technology.
Amortization of software license and acquisition related assets
Amortization of software license and acquisition related assets consists of non-cash amortization expense related to our non-revenue generating technology as well as amortization expense that we recognize on intangible assets that we acquired through our investments.
Interest Expense, net
Interest expense, net primarily consists of interest expense associated with our outstanding borrowings offset by interest income earned on our cash and cash equivalents and marketable securities.
Other Income (Expense), net
Other income (expense), net consists primarily of unrealized and realized gains (losses) on and dividends received from our marketable securities and other non-recurring items.
Income (Loss) from Equity Method Investments
Income (loss) from equity method investments consists of our pro rata share of income and losses of the companies that we own an ownership interest in and account for under the equity method of accounting.
Provision for (benefit from) Income Taxes
Provision for income taxes consists of U.S. federal and state and foreign income taxes. To date, we have no significant U.S. federal and foreign cash income taxes because of our LLC status prior to June 1, 2016 and current and accumulated net operating losses.
We record a valuation allowance when it is more likely than not that some portion or all of a deferred tax asset will not be realized. In making such a determination, we consider all the available positive and negative evidence, including future reversals of existing taxable temporary differences, projected future taxable income, and ongoing prudent and feasible tax planning strategies in assessing the amount of the valuation allowance. When we establish or reduce the valuation allowance against the deferred tax assets, our provision for income taxes will increase or decrease, respectively, in the period such determination is made.
 

- 39 -


Results of Operations
The following table sets forth our Condensed Consolidated and Combined statements of operations data for each of the periods indicated (Unaudited):
(In thousands except share and per share amount)
Three Months Ended
June 30,
 
Six Months Ended
June 30,
 
2016
 
2015
 
2016
 
2015
Revenues:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Software and hardware
$
4,149

 
$
3,942

 
$
4,823

 
$
7,703

Software–as-a-service
15,181

 
3,412

 
28,882

 
7,218

Total software-related revenue
19,330

 
7,354

 
33,705

 
14,921

Maintenance
4,512

 
2,545

 
7,650

 
5,040

Sequencing and molecular analysis
45

 

 
45

 

Other services
7,603

 
1,853

 
9,541

 
3,533

Total net revenue
31,490

 
11,752

 
50,941

 
23,494

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cost of Revenue:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Software and hardware
435

 
91

 
674

 
(371
)
Software-as-a-service
9,314

 
1,830

 
13,737

 
3,790

Total software-related cost of revenue
9,749

 
1,921

 
14,411

 
3,419

Maintenance
743

 
102

 
1,273

 
212

Sequencing and molecular analysis
359

 

 
359

 

Other services
7,492

 
2,030

 
11,057

 
3,677

Amortization of developed technologies
3,897

 
2,246

 
8,178

 
4,557

Total cost of revenue
22,240

 
6,299

 
35,278

 
11,865

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gross profit
9,250

 
5,453

 
15,663

 
11,629

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Operating Expenses:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Selling, general and administrative
47,248

 
17,847

 
74,621

 
34,239

Research and development
24,322

 
4,960

 
35,016

 
9,650

Amortization of software license and acquisition-related assets
1,813

 
(11
)
 
3,628

 
22

Total operating expenses
73,383

 
22,796

 
113,265

 
43,911

Loss from operations
(64,133
)
 
(17,343
)
 
(97,602
)
 
(32,282
)
Interest expense, net
(1,758
)
 
(303
)
 
(3,256
)
 
(628
)
Other income (expense), net
(77
)
 
555

 
261

 
1,855

Loss from equity method investments
(2,375
)
 
(145
)
 
(5,289
)
 
(145
)
Loss before income taxes
(68,343
)
 
(17,236
)
 
(105,886
)
 
(31,200
)
Provision for (benefit from) income taxes
(14,211
)
 

 
(18,609
)
 
1

Net loss
$
(54,132
)
 
$
(17,236
)
 
$
(87,277
)
 
$
(31,201
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net loss per share:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic and diluted (1)
$
(0.52
)
 
$
(0.21
)
 
$
(0.86
)
 
$
(0.38
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Weighted average shares outstanding:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic and diluted (1)
104,072,198

 
82,406,012

 
101,846,445

 
82,014,695



- 40 -


(1)
The net loss per share and weighted-average shares outstanding have been computed to give effect to the LLC Conversion that occurred June 1, 2016 prior to our initial public offering.  In conjunction with the LLC Conversion, (a) all of our outstanding units automatically converted into shares of common stock, based on the relative rights of our pre-IPO equityholders as set forth in the limited liability company agreement and (b) we adopted and filed a certificate of incorporation with the Secretary of State of the state of Delaware and adopted bylaws. We filed an amended certificate of incorporation to effect a 1-for-5.5 reverse stock split of our common stock on June 1, 2016.

The following table sets forth our Condensed Consolidated and Combined statements of operations data as a percentage of revenue for each of the periods indicated (Unaudited):
(In thousands)
Three Months Ended
June 30,
 
Six Months Ended
June 30,
 
2016
 
2015
 
2016
 
2015
Revenues:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Software and hardware
13.2
%
 
33.5
%
 
9.5
%
 
32.8
%
Software–as-a-service
48.2
%
 
29.0
%
 
56.7
%
 
30.7
%
Total software-related revenues
61.4
%
 
62.5
%
 
66.2
%
 
63.5
%
Maintenance
14.3
%
 
21.7
%
 
15.0
%
 
21.5
%
Sequencing and molecular analysis
0.1
%
 
0.0
%
 
0.1
%
 
0.0
%
Other services
24.2
%
 
15.8
%
 
18.7
%
 
15.0
%
Total net revenues
100.0
%
 
100.0
%
 
100.0
%
 
100.0
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cost of Revenue:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Software and hardware
1.4
%
 
0.8
%
 
1.3
%
 
-1.6
%
Software-as-a-service
29.6
%
 
15.6
%
 
27.0
%
 
16.1
%
Total software-related cost of revenue
31.0
%
 
16.4
%
 
28.3
%
 
14.5
%
Maintenance
2.4
%
 
0.9
%
 
2.5
%
 
0.9
%
Sequencing and molecular analysis
1.1
%
 
0.0
%
 
0.7
%
 
0.0
%
Other services
23.8
%
 
17.3
%
 
21.7
%
 
15.7
%
Amortization of developed technologies
12.3
%
 
19.0
%
 
16.1
%
 
19.4
%
Total cost of revenue
70.6
%
 
53.6
%
 
69.3
%
 
50.5
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gross profit
29.4
%
 
46.4
%
 
30.7
%
 
49.5
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Operating Expenses:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Selling, general and administrative
150.0
%
 
151.9
%
 
146.5
%
 
145.7
%
Research and development
77.2
%
 
42.2
%
 
68.7
%
 
41.1
%
Amortization of software license and acquisition-related assets
5.8
%
 
-0.1
%
 
7.1
%
 
0.1
%
Total operating expenses
233.0
%
 
194.0
%
 
222.3
%
 
186.9
%
Loss from operations
-203.7
%
 
-147.6
%
 
-191.6
%
 
-137.4
%
Interest expense, net
-5.6
%
 
-2.6
%
 
-6.4
%
 
-2.7
%
Other income (expense), net
-0.2
%
 
4.7
%
 
0.5
%
 
7.9
%
Loss from equity method investments
-7.5
%
 
-1.2
%
 
-10.4
%
 
-0.6
%
Loss before income taxes
-217.0
%
 
-146.7
%
 
-207.9
%
 
-132.8
%
Provision for (benefit from) income taxes
-45.1
%
 
0.0
%
 
-36.5
%
 
0.0
%
Net loss
-171.9
%
 
-146.7
%
 
-171.4
%
 
-132.8
%

- 41 -


Comparison of Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2015 and 2016
Revenue
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Period-To-Period Change
 
Three Months Ended
June 30,
 
Six Months Ended
June 30,
 
Three Months Ended
June 30,
 
Six Months Ended
June 30,
 
2016
 
2015
 
2016
 
2015
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Amount
 
Amount
 
Amount
 
Amount
 
Amount
 
Percentage
 
Amount
 
Percentage
Software and hardware
$
4,149

 
$
3,942

 
$
4,823

 
$
7,703

 
$
207

 
5.3
%
 
$
(2,880
)
 
-37.4
 %
Software–as-a-service
15,181

 
3,412

 
28,882

 
7,218

 
11,769

 
344.9
%
 
21,664

 
300.1
 %
Total software-related revenues
19,330

 
7,354

 
33,705

 
14,921

 
11,976

 
162.9
%
 
18,784

 
125.9
 %
Maintenance
4,512

 
2,545

 
7,650

 
5,040

 
1,967

 
77.3
%
 
2,610

 
51.8
 %
Sequencing and molecular analysis
45

 

 
45

 

 
45

 
0.0
%
 
45

 
0.0
 %
Other services
7,603

 
1,853

 
9,541

 
3,533

 
5,750

 
310.3
%
 
6,008

 
170.1
 %
Total net revenue
$
31,490

 
$
11,752

 
$
50,941

 
$
23,494

 
$
19,738

 
168.0
%
 
$
27,447

 
116.8
 %
Comparison of the three month periods ended June 30, 2015 versus 2016
Total revenue increased $19.7 million or 168.0% from $11.8 million to $31.5 million for the three months ended June 30, 2015 and June 30, 2016, respectively. Our total revenue growth was driven primarily by our acquisition of HCS assets in July 2015 and from our acquisition of NaviNet in January 2016. Our acquisition of certain assets of HCS resulted in the contribution of $7.2 million in primarily maintenance, SaaS and other services revenue for the three months ended June 30, 2016. Our acquisition of NaviNet resulted in the contribution of $10.9 million in SaaS revenue in the three months ended June 30, 2016.
Our total software-related revenues (including software and hardware and SaaS) was $19.3 million for the three months ended June 30, 2016 compared to $7.4 million for the three months ended June 30, 2015, an increase of $12.0 million or 162.9% primarily driven by revenue acquired from the acquisition of HCS assets in July 2015 and revenue from the acquisition of NaviNet in January 2016.
Software and hardware revenue increased $0.2 million or 5.3% from $3.9 million to $4.1 million for the three months ended June 30, 2015 and June 30, 2016, respectively. There was an incremental increase of $0.6 million as a result of the acquisition of HCS. This increase was offset by a decrease of $0.4 million from completed implementations of our DeviceConX compared to the same period in the prior year.
SaaS revenue increased $11.8 million or 344.9% from $3.4 million to $15.2 million for the three months ended June 30, 2015 and June 30, 2016, respectively. This increase was primarily driven by increased NantOS revenue including revenue from Fusion FX, revenue acquired from the acquisition of HCS assets in July 2015 ($0.5 million), and revenue from the acquisition of NaviNet in January 2016 ($10.8 million). The balance of the increase came from expansion in the customer base of our NantOS cancer decision support solution (formerly Eviti).
Maintenance revenue increased $2.0 million or 77.3% from $2.5 million to $4.5 million for the three months ended June 30, 2015 and June 30, 2016, respectively. This increase was primarily driven by the acquisition of HCS assets in July 2015. Acquired FusionFX maintenance customers contributed $1.7 million in maintenance revenue for the three months ended June 30, 2016.
Other services revenue increased $5.8 million or 310.3% from $1.9 million to $7.6 million for the three months ended June 30, 2016. This was primarily driven by the completion of a large NantOS Interoperability (formerly Harris HCS) software related services project which contributed to NantOS interoperability services revenue growth of $4.4 million, higher volume in our Assisteo home healthcare business which increased $0.9 million in revenue, an increase of $0.4 million for NantOS DeviceConX related services due to an earlier than expected implementation with large implementation revenue associated with it.

- 42 -


Comparison of the six month periods ended June 30, 2015 versus 2016
Total revenue increased $27.4 million or 116.8% from $23.5 million to $50.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2015 and June 30, 2016, respectively. Our total revenue growth was driven primarily by our acquisition of HCS assets in July 2015 and from our acquisition of NaviNet in January 2016. Our acquisition of certain assets of HCS resulted in the contribution of $8.7 million in primarily maintenance, SaaS, and other services revenue for the six months ended June 30, 2016. Our acquisition of NaviNet resulted in the contribution of $20.2 million in SaaS revenue in the six months ended June 30, 2016.
Total software related revenue was $33.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2016 compared to $14.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2015, an increase of $18.8 million or 125.9%. Our total software-related revenue growth was driven primarily by our acquisition of HCS assets in July 2015 and from the acquisition of NaviNet in January 2016. We also experienced growth in our Nant OS cancer decision support revenue from expansion in our customer base for those products. These increases were partially offset by a $2.9 million decrease in software and hardware revenue recognized from completed implementations of our NantOS DeviceConX compared to the same period in the prior year.

Software and hardware revenue decreased $2.9 million or -37.4% for the six months ended June 30, 2016 compared to the same period in the prior year, primarily attributed to a decreased amount of completed DeviceConX implementations. Software and hardware revenue attributed to NantOS DeviceConX is recognized upon the completion of each implementation. The primary reason for this decline of $3.4 million was a reduction in the number of completed large implementations during the six month period ended June 30, 2016 compared to 2015. This decrease was offset by $0.6 million incremental increase as a result of the HCS acquisition. In the first six months of 2015, there were more projects in excess of $1 million dollars in contract value completed compared with the first six months of 2016.
SaaS revenue was $28.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2016 an increase of $21.7 million or 300.1% from $7.2 million compared to the same period in the prior year.  This increase was primarily driven by increased NantOS revenue including FusionFX, revenue acquired with the acquisition of HCS assets in July 2015 ($1.0 million) and revenue from the acquisition of NaviNet in January 2016 ($20.1 million) in acquired NaviNet SaaS revenue for the six months ended June 30, 2016. In addition, revenue from our NantOS cancer decision support (formerly Eviti) platform solutions increased $1.0 million, partially offset by a $0.5 million decrease in revenue from other NantOS Interoperability platforms.
Maintenance revenue increased $2.6 million or 51.8% from $5.0 million to $7.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2015 and June 30, 2016, respectively. This increase was primarily driven by the acquisition of HCS assets in July 2015. Acquired NantOS (formerly Harris HCS) maintenance customers contributed $2.6 million in maintenance revenue for the six months ended June 30, 2016.

Other services revenue increased $6.0 million or 170.1% from $3.5 million to $9.5 million for the six months ended June 30, 2015 and June 30, 2016, respectively. This was primarily driven by the completion of a large NantOS Interoperability (formerly Harris HCS) software related services project which contributed to NantOS interoperability services revenue growth of $4.5 million for the six months ended June 30, 2016 as well as, higher volume from our patient engagement services, which increased $1.3 million in revenue for the six months ended June 30, 2016, compared to the prior year. These increases were partially offset by a $0.3 million decrease of NantOS DeviceConX solution due to a decline in the number of completed large projects.
We believe that significant opportunities exist for expanded cross-sell opportunities of our suite of solutions across our existing customer base, including the recently acquired HCS FusionFX and NaviNet customer bases. We are also integrating the cOS, FusionFX and NaviNet product solutions, within our NantOS platform, and believe that opportunities exist to cross sell this combination of solutions to existing former HCS, FusionFX and NaviNet customers as well as to new customers. We also believe that our customer base and our product solutions provide unique opportunities to expand the volume of GPS sequencing analysis reporting to our customer base. Maintaining our current customer base will be important to our future maintenance and SaaS recurring revenue streams.

- 43 -


Cost of Revenue
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Period-To-Period Change
 
Three Months Ended
June 30,
 
Six Months Ended
June 30,
 
Three Months Ended
June 30,
 
Six Months Ended
June 30,
 
2016
 
2015
 
2016
 
2015
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Amount
 
Amount
 
Amount
 
Amount
 
Amount
 
Percentage
 
Amount
 
Percentage
Software and hardware
$
435

 
$
91

 
$
674

 
$
(371
)
 
$
344

 
378.0
%
 
$
1,045

 
-281.7
 %
Software–as-a-service
9,314

 
1,830

 
13,737

 
3,790

 
7,484

 
409.0
%
 
9,947

 
262.5
 %
Total software-related cost of revenue
9,749

 
1,921

 
14,411

 
3,419

 
7,828

 
407.5
%
 
10,992

 
321.5
 %
Maintenance
743

 
102

 
1,273

 
212

 
641

 
628.4
%
 
1,061

 
500.5
 %
Sequencing and molecular analysis
359

 

 
359

 

 
359

 
0.0
%
 
359

 
0.0
 %
Other services
7,492

 
2,030

 
11,057

 
3,677

 
5,462

 
269.1
%
 
7,380

 
200.7
 %
Amortization of developed technologies
3,897

 
2,246

 
8,178

 
4,557

 
1,651

 
73.5
%
 
3,621

 
79.5
 %
Total cost of revenue
$
22,240

 
$
6,299

 
$
35,278

 
$
11,865

 
$
15,941

 
253.1
%
 
$
23,413

 
197.3
 %
Comparison of the three month periods ended June 30, 2015 versus 2016
Cost of revenue increased $15.9 million or 253.1% from $6.3 million to $22.2 million for the three months ended June 30, 2015 and June 30, 2016, respectively. Cost of revenue increased across all categories primarily as a result of acquisitions of HCS and NaviNet. Additionally, in Q2 2016, there was a stock compensation expense of $7.0 million that was recorded in connection with the vesting of phantom units upon the consummation of our IPO.
Total software-related cost of revenue grew $7.8 million from $1.9 million to $9.7 million or 407.5% for the three months ended June 30, 2015 and June 30, 2016, respectively. The primary drivers were the acquisitions of HCS in July 2015 and NaviNet in January 2016, which contributed $0.3 million and $3.7 million, respectively. In addition, there was stock compensation expense of $4.2 million that was recorded during the three months ended June 30, 2016 in connection with the vesting of phantom units upon consummation of our IPO. These expenses were offset by a decrease of certain NantOS Interoperability (formerly cOS) project expenses of $0.6 million for the three months ended June 30, 2016, due to the completion of certain projects.
Other services cost of revenue grew $5.5 million from $2.0 million to $7.5 million or 269.1% for the three months ended June 30, 2015 and June 30, 2016, respectively. The primary drivers were stock compensation expense of $2.6 million in connection with the vesting of phantom units upon the consummation of our IPO, an incremental increase of $2.0 million as a result of the acquisitions of HCS and NaviNet, as well as $0.4 million from expenses associated with sequencing services to a university which is engaged in researching the genetic causes of certain hereditary diseases.
Comparison of the six month periods ended June 30, 2015 versus 2016
Cost of revenue increased $23.4 million, or 197.3% from $11.9 million to $35.3 million for the six months ended June 30, 2015 and June 30, 2016, respectively. Cost of revenue increased across all categories primarily as a result of acquisitions of HCS and NaviNet. Additionally, in Q2 2016, there was a stock compensation expense of $7.0 million that was recorded in connection with the vesting of phantom units upon the consummation of our IPO.
Total software-related cost of revenue increased $11.0 million or 321.5% from $3.4 million to $14.4 million for the six months ended June 30, 2016. The primary drivers were the acquisitions of HCS and NaviNet which contributed $0.5 million and $6.7 million respectively. In addition, there was stock compensation expense of $4.2 million that was recorded during the three months ended June 30, 2016 in connection with the vesting of phantom units upon consummation of our IPO. These expenses were offset by a decrease of NantOS Interoperability (formerly cOS) expenses of $1.4 million for the six months ended June 30, 2016 due to the end of a project and a significant decrease in another project.


- 44 -


Other services cost of revenue increased $7.4 million or 200.7% from $3.7 million to $11.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2015 and June 30, 2016, respectively. The primary drivers were an incremental increase of $3.3 million as a result of the acquisitions of HCS and NaviNet and stock compensation expense of $2.6 million in connection with the vesting of phantom units upon the consummation of our IPO, as well as $0.7 million from expenses associated with sequencing services to a university which is engaged in researching the genetic causes of certain hereditary diseases. The remaining $0.8 million increase was due to an overall increase in increased personnel costs as well as increased volume.
Selling, General and Administrative
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Period-To-Period Change
 
Three Months Ended
June 30,
 
Six Months Ended
June 30,
 
Three Months Ended
June 30,
 
Six Months Ended
June 30,
 
2016
 
2015
 
2016
 
2015
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Amount
 
Amount
 
Amount
 
Amount
 
Amount
 
Percentage
 
Amount
 
Percentage
Selling, general and administrative
$
47,248

 
$
17,847

 
$
74,621

 
$
34,239

 
$
29,401

 
164.7
%
 
$
40,382

 
117.9
%
Comparison of the three month periods ended June 30, 2015 versus 2016
Selling, general and administrative expenses increased from $17.8 million to $47.2 million, an increase of $29.4 million or 164.7% for the three months ended June 30, 2015 and June 30, 2016, respectively. This increase was primarily due to $23.6 million in stock compensation expenses recorded in the three months ended June 30, 2016 in connection with the vesting of phantom units upon the consummation of our IPO, a $3.1 million increase in professional services as well as selling and marketing expenses in connection with the growth of the business, $1.4 million due to increased investments in information technology and depreciation and amortization expenses as we invest in assets to support future growth, $0.8 million due to an increase in personnel expenses and an increase of $0.5 million in general overhead expenses due to the acquisitions of HCS and NaviNet and the expansion of the business.
Comparison of the six month periods ended June 30, 2015 versus 2016
For the six months ended June 30, 2016, selling, general and administrative expenses increased $40.4 million or 117.9% from $34.2 million to $74.7 million compared with the same period in the prior year. This increase was primarily due to a $23.6 million in stock compensation expenses recorded in three months ended June 30, 2016 in connection with the vesting of phantom units upon consummation of our IPO, an increase of $8.2 million in personnel related expenses, a $3.3 million increase in professional services as well as selling and marketing expenses in connection with the growth of the business, $2.7 million due to increased investments in information technology and depreciation and amortization expenses as we invest in assets to support future growth, and an increase of $2.6 million in general overhead expenses due to the acquisitions of HCS and NaviNet and the expansion of the business.
Research and Development
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Period-To-Period Change
 
Three Months Ended
June 30,
 
Six Months Ended
June 30,
 
Three Months Ended
June 30,
 
Six Months Ended
June 30,
 
2016
 
2015
 
2016
 
2015
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Amount
 
Amount
 
Amount
 
Amount
 
Amount
 
Percentage
 
Amount
 
Percentage
Research and development
$
24,322

 
$
4,960

 
$
35,016

 
$
9,650

 
$
19,362

 
390.4
%
 
$
25,366

 
262.9
%

- 45 -


Comparison of the three month periods ended June 30, 2015 versus 2016
Research and development expenses increased $19.4 million or 390.4%, from $5.0 million to $24.3 million for the three months ended June 30, 2015 and June 30, 2016, respectively. This increase was driven by $13.1 million in stock compensation expense recorded in the three months ended June 30, 2016 in connection with the vesting of phantom units upon the consummation of our IPO and Series C/restricted stock vesting, and the inclusion of research and development expenses of HCS and NaviNet. Specifically, we had $5.6 million due to an increase in personnel related expenses, and a $0.9 million increase in investments in information technology as we invest in assets to support future growth. This increase was partially offset by a decrease of $0.2 million in product design due to the timing of certain R&D projects.
Comparison of the six month periods ended June 30, 2015 versus 2016
For the six months ended June 30, 2016, research and development expenses increased $25.4 million or 262.9%, from $9.7 million in the three months ended June 30, 2015 to $35.0 million in the six months ended June 30, 2016. This increase was driven by $13.2 million in stock compensation expense recorded in the three months ended June 30, 2016 in connection with the vesting of equity awards upon the consummation of our IPO and Series C/restricted stock vesting, and the inclusion of research and development expenses of HCS and NaviNet. Specifically, we had $10.7 million due to an increase in personnel related expenses, and a $2.0 million increase in investments in information technology as we invest in assets to support future growth. This increase was partially offset by a decrease of $0.3 million in product design due to the timing of certain R&D projects.
Interest Expense, net
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Period-To-Period Change
 
Three Months Ended
June 30,
 
Six Months Ended
June 30,
 
Three Months Ended
June 30,
 
Six Months Ended
June 30,
 
2016
 
2015
 
2016
 
2015
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Amount
 
Amount
 
Amount
 
Amount
 
Amount
 
Percentage
 
Amount
 
Percentage
Interest expense, net
$
(1,758
)
 
$
(303
)
 
$
(3,256
)
 
$
(628
)
 
$
(1,455
)
 
480.2
%
 
$
(2,628
)
 
418.5
%
In January 2016, we executed a demand promissory note with NantCapital (the "NantCapital Note"), a personal investment vehicle for Dr. Patrick Soon-Shiong, and a promissory note with NantOmics (the "NantOmics Note"). As of June 30, 2016, the total advances made by NantCapital and NantOmics to us pursuant to each applicable note amounted to approximately $112.7 million and $40.0 million, respectively. We may continue to draw advances on each note as needed, and each note bears interest at a per annum rate of 5.0% compounded annually and computed on the basis of the actual number of days in the year.
In May 2016, the NantCapital Note was amended and restated to provide that all outstanding principal and accrued and unpaid interest is due and payable on June 30, 2021, and not on demand. NantCapital has the option, but not the obligation, to require us to repay any such amount in cash, Series A-2 units of NantOmics held by us, units in NantHealth (with each unit valued at $3.3841), if such equity exists at the time of repayment, or any combination of the foregoing at the sole discretion of NantCapital. In addition, in May 2016, the NantOmics Note was amended and restated to provide that all outstanding principal and accrued and unpaid interest would be converted into shares of our common stock at the IPO price at the time of pricing of the IPO. Later in May 2016, the NantOmics Note was further amended and restated to remove the automatic conversion feature and to provide that all outstanding principal and accrued and unpaid interest is due and payable on June 30, 2021, and not on demand. In June 2016, the NantOmics Note was further amended and restated to provide that all outstanding principal and accrued and unpaid interest will be converted into shares of our common stock at the initial public offering price after the pricing of the IPO and after the LLC Conversion. The NantOmics Note and all related accrued interest was converted on June 1, 2016 into 2,899,297 shares of our common stock in connection with out IPO.
Interest expense, net increased by $1.5 million in the three months ended June 30, 2015 compared to the same period of the prior year, from $0.3 million to $1.8 million. This increase was primarily attributable to these Related Party notes.

Interest expense, net increased by $2.6 million in the six months ended June 30, 2015 compared to the same period of the prior year, from $0.6 to $3.3 million. This increase was primarily attributable to these Related Party notes.

- 46 -


Other Income (Expense), net
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Period-To-Period Change
 
Three Months Ended
June 30,
 
Six Months Ended
June 30,
 
Three Months Ended
June 30,
 
Six Months Ended
June 30,
 
2016
 
2015
 
2016
 
2015
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Amount
 
Amount
 
Amount
 
Amount
 
Amount
 
Percentage
 
Amount
 
Percentage
Other income (expense), net
$
(77
)
 
$
555

 
$
261

 
$
1,855

 
$
(632
)
 
-113.9
 %
 
$
(1,594
)
 
-85.9
 %
Comparison of the three month periods ended June 30, 2015 versus 2016
Other income (expense), net decreased by $0.6 million from $0.6 million other income for the three months ended June 30, 2015 to $0.1 million other expense for the three months ended June 30, 2016. In the three months ended June 30, 2015 other income was primarily derived from the dividend income and fair value adjustment from marketable securities. In June 2015, marketable securities were liquidated or transferred to fund acquisitions and business operations.
Comparison of the six month periods ended June 30, 2015 versus 2016
Other income (expense), net decreased by $1.6 million from $1.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2015 to $0.3 million for the six months ended June 30, 2016. In the six months ended June 30, 2015 other income was primarily derived from the dividend income and fair value adjustment from marketable securities. In June 2015, marketable securities were liquidated or transferred to fund acquisitions and business operations.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Period-To-Period Change
 
Three Months Ended
June 30,
 
Six Months Ended
June 30,
 
Three Months Ended
June 30,
 
Six Months Ended
June 30,
 
2016
 
2015
 
2016
 
2015
 
 
 
 
 
Amount
 
Amount
 
Amount
 
Percentage
 
Amount
 
Percentage
 
Amount
 
Percentage
Loss from equity method Investments
$
(2,375
)
 
$
(145
)
 
$
(5,289
)
 
$
(145
)
 
$
(2,230
)
 
1,537.9
%
 
$
(5,144
)
 
3,547.6
%

The increases in loss from equity method investments were due to our pro rata share of losses from our investment in NantOmics; an investment that was initially made in June 2015 and increased in September 2015.
Loss from equity method Investments increased by $2.2 million from a loss of $0.1 million during the three months ended June 30, 2015 to a loss of $2.4 million during the three months ended June 30, 2016.
For the six months ended June 30, 2016, loss from equity method Investments increased $5.1 million compared with the same period of the prior year, from $0.1 million during the six months ended June 30, 2015 to $5.3 million during the six months ended June 30, 2016.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Sources of Liquidity
As of June 30, 2016, we had cash and cash equivalents and marketable securities of $95.3 million, compared to $7.2 million as of December 31, 2015. We believe that our existing cash, cash equivalents, marketable securities, and our ability to borrow from affiliated entities, will be sufficient to fund our operations through at least the next 12 months. If these sources are insufficient to satisfy our liquidity requirements, we may seek to sell additional equity, through one or more follow-on public offerings or in separate financings, or sell additional debt securities or obtain a credit facility. Further, because of the risk and uncertainties associated with the commercialization of our existing products as well as products in development, we may need additional funds to meet our needs sooner than planned. To date, our primary sources of capital were private placements of preferred stock, debt financing agreements, including the NantCapital Note, and our IPO.


- 47 -


In January 2016, we issued the NantCapital Note to NantCapital, a personal investment vehicle for Dr. Patrick Soon-Shiong, and the NantOmics Note to NantOmics. As of March 31, 2016, the total advances made by NantCapital and NantOmics to us pursuant to each applicable note amounted to approximately $112.7 million and $40.0 million, respectively. In May 2016, the NantCapital Note was amended and restated to provide that all outstanding principal and accrued and unpaid interest is due and payable on June 30, 2021, and not on demand. We may continue to draw advances on the NantCapital Note as needed, and the NantCapital Note bears interest at a per annum rate of 5.0% compounded annually and computed on the basis of the actual number of days in the year. NantCapital has the option, but not the obligation, to require us to repay any such amount in cash, Series A-2 units of NantOmics (based on a per unit price of $1.484) held by us, shares of our common stock based on a per share price of $18.6126 (if such equity exists at the time of repayment), or any combination of the foregoing at the sole discretion of NantCapital.

If we raise additional funds by issuing equity securities, our stockholders would experience dilution. Additional debt financing, if available, may involve covenants restricting our operations or our ability to incur additional debt. Any additional debt financing or additional equity that we raise may contain terms that are not favorable to us or our stockholders and require significant debt service payments, which diverts resources from other activities. Additional financing may not be available at all, or in amounts or on terms acceptable to us. If we are unable to obtain additional financing, we may be required to delay the development, commercialization and marketing of our products and scale back our business and operations.
Cash Flows
The following table sets forth our primary sources and uses of cash for periods indicated:
 
Three Months Ended
June 30,
 
Six Months Ended
June 30,
 
2016
 
2015
 
2016
 
2015
Cash provided by:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Operating activities
$
(9,302
)
 
$
(15,634
)
 
$
(40,800
)
 
$
(30,565
)
Investing activities
(4,516
)
 
(130,050
)
 
(84,532
)
 
(114,681
)
Financing activities
84,410

 
165,988

 
214,192

 
165,988

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents
90

 
(73
)
 
393

 
(2
)
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents
$
70,682

 
$
20,231

 
$
89,253

 
$
20,740

To date, our operations have been primarily financed through the proceeds from related party promissory notes and through equity issuances, including net cash proceeds from our IPO. In June 2016, we sold 6,900,000 shares of common stock at a price of $14.00 per share, which includes 400,000 shares sold to the underwriter upon exercise of their overallotment option to purchase additional shares of our Company. We raised net proceeds of $83.2 million from our IPO, after underwriting fees, discounts and commissions of $4.9 million and other offering costs of $8.4 million.
Operating Activities
Our cash flows from operating activities have been driven by rate of revenue, billings, and collections, the timing and extent of spending to support product development efforts, and enhancements to existing services, and the timing of general and administrative expenses as we grow our administrative infrastructure, and the continuing market acceptance of our solution.
In addition, our net loss in the six months ended June 30, 2016 has been significantly greater than our use of cash for operating activities due to the inclusion of substantial non-cash charges.
Cash used in operating activities of $40.8 million in the six months ended June 30, 2016 was a result of our continued significant investments in research and development, sales and marketing, and increased expenses incurred as we became a public company, including costs associated with public company reporting and corporate governance requirements, and other expenses incurred to grow our business. In the six months ended June 30, 2016, $65.2 million, or 75%, of our net loss of $87.3 million consisted of non-cash items, including a $43.8 million in stock-based compensation, $15.5 million of depreciation and amortization, a $5.3 million equity in net loss of an investee, and a $0.6 million provision for accounts receivable bad debts.

- 48 -


Cash used in operating activities in the six months ended June 30, 2016 compared with the same period in the prior year also included a $6.1 million increase in deferred implementation costs due to an increase in business activity associated with the growth of our business, $4.8 million in payments to vendors, a $0.6 million decrease in other liabilities, and a $0.3 million increase in related party receivables, and a $0.2 million increase in inventory. The increase in Cash used in operating activities was partially offset by a $3.8 million decrease in accounts receivable attributable to the receipt of payments from our clients, a $3.4 million increase in deferred revenue due to increased billings during the six months ended June 30, 2016, an increase in $1.9 million in related party payables, a decrease in prepaid expenses and other current assets of $1.8 million, and a $1.7 million increase in accrued expenses.
Cash used in operating activities of $30.5 million during the six months ended June 30, 2015 was a result of spending on selling, administrative structure, and research and development efforts. In the six months ended June 30, 2015, $7.5 million, or 24%, of our net loss of $31.2 million consisted of non-cash items, including $6.2 million of depreciation and amortization, $1.0 million in stock-based compensation, $0.1 million of equity in net loss of investee, $0.1 million of changes in fair value of marketable securities, and $0.1 million provision for accounts receivable bad debts.
Cash used in operating activities during the six month ended June 30, 2015 compared with the same period in the prior year included a $4.3 million decrease in deferred revenue, a $2.9 million decrease in related party payables, a $1.1 million in payments to vendors, a $0.5 million increase in accounts receivable and a $0.2 million increase in prepaid expenses and other assets, which were partially offset by an increase of $1.2 million in accrued expenses, a decrease of $0.6 million in inventory, and a decrease of $0.4 million in related party receivables.
Investing Activities
Our primary investing activities have consisted of capital expenditures to develop our software as well as to purchase computer equipment and furniture and fixtures in support of expanding our infrastructure.
We used $84.5 million of cash in investing activities in the six months ended June 30, 2016, primarily due to our acquisition of NaviNet of $79.4 million, $8.2 million of purchases of additional equipment and investments in our capitalized software, offset by consideration received related to acquisitions of $1.9 million and proceeds from sale of marketable securities of $1.2 million.
We used $114.7 million of cash in investing activities in the six months ended June 30, 2015, primarily due to investments in NantOmics of $150.8 million, restricted cash related to HCS acquisition of $50.6 million, investments in our capitalized software and purchase of computer equipment and furniture and fixtures of approximately $5.1 million, and $1.8 million purchase of IOBS, partially offset by the proceeds of the sale of the marketable securities for $93.6 million.
Financing Activities
Cash provided by financing activities in the six months ended June 30, 2016 of $214.2 million was primarily due to $152.7 million in proceeds from the issuance of related party promissory notes, as well as $83.2 million of proceeds from our initial public offering, net of underwriting discounts and commissions and offering expenses. In addition, cash provided by financing activities was also due to $1.6 million in deemed capital contribution from our Chairman and CEO. These proceeds were partially offset by $23.3 million of reductions in notes payable.

Cash provided by financing activities of $166.0 million in the six months ended June 30, 2015 was primarily due to $200.0 million in proceeds from an issuance of equity interests to Allscripts in addition to deemed capital contribution from our Chairman and CEO of $0.5 million. These proceeds were partially offset by a $34.5 million payment of related party promissory notes.
Contractual Obligations, Commitments and Contingencies
Our principal commitments consist of obligations under our outstanding debt obligations, non-cancelable leases for our office space and certain equipment and vendor contracts to provide research services, and purchase obligations under license agreements and reseller agreements. The following table summarizes these contractual obligations as of June 30, 2016 in thousands:
 
 
Payments Due by Period
Contractual Obligations
 
Total
 
Less than 1 year
 
1-3 years
 
3-5 years
 
More than 5 years
Purchasing obligations
 
$
388,000

 
$
2,750

 
$
5,500

 
$
4,750

 
$
375,000

Related party promissory note
 
147,321

 

 

 
147,321

 

Operating leases and capital leases obligations
 
9,434

 
4,428

 
4,431

 
552

 
23

Total Obligations
 
$
544,755

 
$
7,178

 
$
9,931

 
$
152,623

 
$
375,023


- 49 -


In May 2016, we entered into an amended and restated Reseller Agreement for genomic and proteomic sequencing services and related bioinformatics and analysis services with NantOmics. The Reseller Agreement has a contract period from June 2015 through December 31, 2020, subject to three potential three-year renewal options, if we meet certain GPS Cancer thresholds, and has minimum payments of $2.0 million per year beginning in 2016 for years 2016 through 2020, $25.0 million for years 2021 through 2023 and $50.0 million for years 2024 through 2029, with any payments not previously paid due 45 days after the end of each calendar year. We have the ability to terminate this agreement without cause.
On September 29, 2015, we entered into an exclusive license agreement with NorthShore University Health System, or NorthShore, to further develop their Health Heritage software platform, or Health Heritage, and to license the software to customers. As part of the agreement, we will pay NorthShore a one-time license fee of $5.0 million and minimum annual royalties of $750,000 for the first four years of the agreement. We will have no obligation to pay any additional royalties after seven years or once aggregate royalties reach $5.0 million.
In January 2016, we issued the NantCapital Note with NantCapital, an investment vehicle of Dr. Patrick Soon-Shiong, and issued the NantOmics Note to NantOmics to borrow aggregate principal amounts to date of approximately $112.7 million and $40.0 million, respectively. The principal and accrued interest under the NantOmics Notre was converted into our common stock in connection with our IPO in June 2016. We may continue to draw advances on the NantCapital Note as needed, and the NantCapital Note bears interest at a per annum rate of 5.0% compounded annually and computed on the basis of the actual number of days in the year. We may repay the principal plus accrued interest prior to the maturity of these notes without incurring a pre-payment penalty.
In May 2016, the NantCapital Note was amended and restated to provide that all outstanding principal and accrued and unpaid interest is due and payable on June 30, 2021, and not on demand.
New Accounting Pronouncements
See Note 2, “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” of accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated and Combined financial statements for a discussion of new accounting standards.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
During the periods presented, we did not have any off-balance sheet arrangements.
Related Party Transactions
See Note 8 of accompanying notes to Condensed Consolidated and Combined financial statements for a discussion of related party transactions.
Critical Accounting Policies and Significant Judgments and Estimates
This Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Our Financial Condition and Results of Operations is based on our financial statements, which we have prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States. The preparation of our financial statements requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of our financial statements, as well as the reported revenues and expenses during the reported periods. We evaluate these estimates and judgments on an ongoing basis. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other factors that we believe are reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying value of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions. Except for the accounting policy below, we believe the critical accounting policies and estimates discussed in the "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" section of our Prospectus that was filed with the SEC on June 3, 2016, reflect our more significant judgments and estimates used in the preparation of the Condensed Consolidated financial statements. There have been no significant changes to our critical accounting policies and estimates as disclosed in our Prospectus.

- 50 -


Stock-Based Compensation
We account for stock based compensation arrangements granted to employees in accordance with ASC 718 “ Compensation: Stock Compensation”, by measuring the grant date fair value of the award and recognizing the resulting expense over the period during which the employee is required to perform service in exchange for the award.
The Company accounts for stock based compensation arrangements issued to non-employees using the fair value approach prescribed by ASC 505-50 “ Equity-Based Payments to Non-Employees ”. The value of non-employee stock based compensation is re-measured at the end of each reporting period until the award vests and is recognized as stock based compensation expense over the period during which the non-employee provides the services.

Stock based compensation expense for both employee and non-employee awards is recognized on a straight-line basis over the appropriate service period for awards that are only subject to service conditions and is recognized using the accelerated attribution method for awards that are subject to performance conditions. Stock based compensation expense is only recognized for awards subject to performance conditions if it is probable that the performance condition will be achieved.
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
Interest Rate Risk
As of June 30, 2016, we had $95.3 million in cash and cash equivalents and marketable securities which were held for working capital purposes. Our cash and cash equivalents and marketable securities are comprised primarily of mutual funds listed on active exchanges, U.S. treasury securities, money market funds, and cash held in FDIC - insured institutions. Our investments are made for capital preservation purposes. We do not enter into investments for trading or speculative purposes. All our investments are denominated in U.S. dollars.
Credit Risk
Our cash equivalents and our portfolio of marketable securities are subject to market risk due to changes in interest rates. Fixed rate securities may have their market value adversely affected due to a rise in interest rates, while floating rate securities may produce less income than expected if interest rates fall. Due in part to these factors, our future investment income may fall short of expectations due to changes in interest rates or we may suffer losses in principal if we are forced to sell securities that decline in market value due to changes in interest rates.
Foreign Currency Risk
We maintain offices in the United Kingdom and India, and have selected clients in Canada, the United Kingdom, Western Europe, the Middle East and Southeast Asia. However, due to the low volume of activity outside the United States, the foreign currency risk is minimal.

- 51 -


Item 4. Controls and Procedures
Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, we conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act) as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on this evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of such date. Our disclosure controls and procedures are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC's rules and forms and that such information is accumulated and communicated to management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
There were no changes to our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the quarter ended June 30, 2016 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

- 52 -


PART II—OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings
We are from time to time subject to claims and litigation that arise in the ordinary course of our business. We intend to defend vigorously any such litigation that may arise under all defenses that would be available to us. In the opinion of management, the ultimate outcome of proceedings of which management is aware, even if adverse to us, would not have a material adverse effect on our Condensed Consolidated and Combined financial condition or results of operations.
Item 1A. Risk Factors
Investing in our common stock involves a high degree of risk. You should carefully consider the risks described below, as well as all other information included in this prospectus, including our financial statements and the related notes and the section titled “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” before you decide to purchase shares of our common stock. If any of the following risks actually occurs, our business, financial condition, operating results, prospects and ability to accomplish our strategic objectives could be materially harmed. As a result, the trading price of our common stock could decline and you could lose all or part of your investment. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us or that we currently deem immaterial may also impair our business operations and the market price of our common stock.
Risks Related to Our Business Approach
We are an early, commercial-stage company attempting to integrate a complex learning system to address a wide range of healthcare issues, and we may not be successful in doing so.
We are an early, commercial-stage company with a business model based upon a novel approach to healthcare. CLINICS is designed to address many of the key challenges healthcare constituents face by enabling them to acquire and store genomic and proteomic data, combine diagnostic inputs with phenotypic and cost data, analyze datasets, securely deliver that data to providers in a clinical setting to aid selection of the appropriate treatments, monitor patient biometric data and progression on a real-time basis, and demonstrate improved patient outcomes and costs. Integration across our Systems Infrastructure and platforms may take longer than we expect, or may never occur at all.
We have also recently made multiple acquisitions of businesses, technologies and service offerings including Net.Orange, Inc., or NDO, certain assets of HCS Corporation, through its HCS business unit, and NaviNet, in an effort to expand the breadth of our offerings. We have not yet completed the integration of these businesses, technologies and service offering into our operations. Additionally, certain of these acquired businesses, technologies and service offerings have not yet been commercially tested or validated. We may not be able to integrate these new business, technologies and services offerings into our operations effectively or at all. Additionally, we may be unable to extract the synergies or benefits that we currently expect from these business, technologies and service offerings.
Due to the above factors, it may take longer than we expect, or we may never be able, to fully integrate our system as planned. If our integration efforts are not successful we may not be able to attract new clients and to expand our offerings to existing clients.
The success of CLINICS is dependent upon the robustness of the information we and others input into the system to achieve maximum network effects, and if we are unable to amass and input the requisite data to achieve these effects, our business will be adversely affected.
CLINICS becomes more valuable as more accurate and clinically relevant information is integrated into it, and our ultimate outputs and recommendations to a patient, provider or payor are therefore highly dependent on the information that is input into our system. As a result, we will need to consistently and continuously have access to and integrate the most medically relevant and cutting edge clinical data and research studies with patient-specific real-time genomic and proteomic sequences and biometric data. To have access to biometric data in particular, we will rely on patients, provider and payors to adopt devices that are compatible with our systems and they may not adopt such devices on a scale or at a rate sufficient to support our offerings or at all. Further, to have access to certain other data points, we will rely in part on third parties to develop applications to that run on NantOS operating system and to generate more data to be integrated into CLINICS. These third parties may never develop applications compatible with NantOS or may develop them slower rate and our ability to address transfer native shifts in healthcare than we expect. To the extent we are unable to amass enough data, keep an inflow of current and continuous data or integrate and access the data we currently have to continue to populate CLINICS, the network effects we expect will not be fully realized and our business may be adversely affected.

- 53 -


We may be unable to appropriately allocate our financial and human resources across our broad array of product and service offerings.
We have a broad array of product and service offerings. Our management team will be responsible for allocating resources across these products and services, and may forego or delay pursuit of opportunities with certain products or services that later prove to have greater commercial potential. Our resource allocation decisions may cause us to fail to capitalize on attractive products or services or market opportunities. Our spending on current and future research and development programs and future products or services may not yield commercially viable products or services, or may fail to optimize the anticipated network effects of CLINICS. If our management is unable to appropriately prioritize the allocation of our resources among our broad range of products and services in an efficient manner, our business may be adversely affected.
Risks Related to Our Financial Condition and Capital Requirements
We have a limited operating history, which may make it difficult to evaluate our current business and predict our future performance.
We were organized as a limited liability company in Delaware and began operations in 2010. Additionally, our business has operated as part of the larger NantWorks group of affiliated companies. Our limited independent operating history, particularly in light of the increasingly complex and rapidly evolving healthcare and technology markets in which we operate, may make it difficult to evaluate our current business and predict our future performance. In addition, we have acquired numerous companies or businesses over the past two years, including certain assets of HCS and NaviNet. We have had limited experience operating these businesses as a whole and as such, it may be difficult to evaluate our current business and predict our future operating performance. In light of the foregoing, any assessment of our profitability or prediction about our future success or viability is subject to significant uncertainty. We have encountered and will continue to encounter risks and difficulties frequently experienced by early, commercial-stage companies in rapidly evolving industries. If we do not address these challenges successfully, our business results will suffer.
We have a history of significant losses, which we expect to continue, and we may never achieve or sustain profitability in the future.
We have incurred significant net losses in each fiscal year since inception and expect to continue to incur net losses for the foreseeable future. We experienced net losses of $84.6 million and $72.0 million during the years ended December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2015, respectively, and $54.1 and $87.3 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016, respectively. As of June 30, 2016, we had an accumulated deficit of $378.5 million. The losses and accumulated deficit were primarily due to the substantial investments we made to grow our business and enhance our Systems Infrastructure and platforms. We have grown our business through research and development and the acquisition of assets, businesses and customers. We anticipate that our operating expenses will increase substantially in the foreseeable future as we seek to continue to grow our business, including through strategic acquisitions, and build and further penetrate our client base and develop our product and service offerings, including GPS Cancer. These efforts may prove more expensive than we currently anticipate, and we may not succeed in increasing our revenue sufficiently to offset these higher expenses.
Our prior losses, combined with our expected future losses, have had and will continue to have an adverse effect on our stockholders’ equity and working capital. We expect to continue to incur operating losses for the foreseeable future and may never become profitable on a quarterly or annual basis, or if we do, we may not be able to sustain profitability in subsequent periods. Our failure to achieve and sustain profitability in the future would negatively affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows, and could cause the market price of our common stock to decline.
We may need to raise additional capital to fund our existing operations, develop our solutions, commercialize new products and expand our operations.
Based on our current business plan, we believe the net proceeds from this offering, together with our current cash, cash equivalents, marketable securities, including net proceeds from our initial public offering, and our ability to borrow from affiliated entities, will be sufficient to meet our anticipated cash requirements over at least the next 12 months. If our available cash balances and anticipated cash flow from operations are insufficient to satisfy our liquidity requirements, we may seek to sell common or preferred equity or convertible debt securities, enter into a credit facility or another form of third-party funding, or seek other debt financing.

- 54 -


We may consider raising additional capital in the future to expand our business, to pursue strategic investments, to take advantage of financing opportunities, or for other reasons, including to:

increase our sales and marketing efforts to drive market adoption of CLINICS, GPS Cancer, NantOS and NantOS apps;
address competitive developments;
fund development and marketing efforts of any future platforms and solutions;
expand adoption of GPS Cancer and eviti platform solutions into critical illnesses outside of oncology;
acquire, license or invest in complimentary businesses, technologies or service offerings; and
finance capital expenditures and general and administrative expenses.
Our present and future funding requirements will depend on many factors, including:

our success in driving adoption and reimbursement of GPS Cancer;
our ability to achieve revenue growth;
the cost of expanding our products and service offerings, including our sales and marketing efforts;
our ability to achieve interoperability across all of our acquired businesses, technologies and service offerings to deliver networking effects to our clients;
the effect of competing technological and market developments;
costs related to international expansion; and
the potential cost of and delays in product development as a result of any regulatory oversight applicable to our products.
The various ways we could raise additional capital carry potential risks. If we raise funds by issuing equity securities, dilution to our stockholders could result. Any equity securities issued also could provide for rights, preferences or privileges senior to those of holders of our common stock. If we raise funds by issuing debt securities, those debt securities would have rights, preferences and privileges senior to those of holders of our common stock. The terms of debt securities issued or borrowings pursuant to a credit agreement could impose significant restrictions on our operations.
Risks Related to Our Sequencing and Molecular Analysis Solutions, Including GPS Cancer
We may not be able to generate sufficient revenue from our sequencing and molecular analysis solutions, including GPS Cancer, or our relationships with sequencing and molecular analysis customers, to achieve and maintain profitability.
We believe our commercial success depends significantly upon our ability to successfully market and sell our sequencing and molecular analysis solutions, including GPS Cancer, to continue to expand our current relationships and develop new relationships with physicians, self-insured employers, payors and healthcare providers, and expand adoption of sequencing and molecular analysis for disease indications outside oncology. The demand for sequencing and molecular analysis may decrease or may not continue to increase at historical rates for a number of reasons. Our clients may decide to decrease or discontinue their use of sequencing and molecular analysis due to changes in research and product development plans, financial constraints or utilization of internal molecular testing resources or molecular tests performed by others, which are circumstances outside of our control. In addition to reducing our revenue, this may reduce our exposure to early stage research that facilitates the incorporation of newly developed information about cancer into GPS Cancer. Further, we may be unsuccessful in expanding our clients’ use of sequencing and molecular analysis outside of oncology.
We are currently not profitable. Even if we succeed in increasing adoption of sequencing and molecular analysis by physicians, self-insured employers, payors and healthcare providers, maintaining and creating relationships with our existing and new clients, we may not be able to generate sufficient revenue from sequencing and molecular analysis to achieve profitability.

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Sequencing and molecular analysis may have limited utility unless we or third parties are able to successfully establish links between genomic sequencing and expression analysis and disease and treatment pathways.
Full genomic sequencing and expression analysis may have limited utility on a stand-alone basis. We believe the real value is derived by linking genomic sequencing and RNA and proteomic analysis with disease pathways to help enable the discovery and development personalized treatments. We do not currently, and do not expect in the future to, engage in research regarding disease pathways or engage in the development or commercialization of specific therapeutics or drugs. Instead, we will rely on third parties to do so. However, if third party time and funding is not devoted to determining disease pathways or to discovering, developing and marketing therapeutics or drugs specific to such pathways, sequencing and molecular analysis and GPS Cancer will be of limited utility and our business may be adversely affected.
Our success will depend on our ability to use rapidly changing genetic data to interpret molecular analysis results accurately and consistently, and our failure to do so would have an adverse effect on our operating results and business.
Our success depends on our ability to provide reliable, high-quality molecular profiling tests that incorporate rapidly evolving information about the role of genes and gene variants in disease and clinically relevant outcomes associated with those variants. The accuracy and reproducibility we have demonstrated to date may not continue, particularly for clinical samples, as molecular analysis volume increases. Errors, including if molecular analysis fails to detect genomic variants with high accuracy, or omissions, including if we fail to or incompletely or incorrectly identify the significance of gene variants, could have a significant adverse impact on our business. Hundreds of genes can be implicated in some disorders, and overlapping networks of genes and symptoms can play a role in multiple conditions. We also rely on clinicians to interpret what we report and to incorporate specific information about an individual patient into the physician’s treatment decision. As a result, a substantial amount of judgment is required in order to interpret testing results for an individual patient and to develop an appropriate patient report. Due to such errors in judgment, patient outcomes may not be improved even if GPS Cancer performs to our expectations.
The efficiency of sequencing and molecular analysis, including GPS Cancer, and the results that we achieve depend on the design and operation of our sequencing process, which uses a number of complex and sophisticated biochemical, informatics, optical, and mechanical processes, many of which are highly sensitive to external factors. An operational or technology failure in one of these complex processes or fluctuations in external variables may result in sequencing processing efficiencies that are lower than we anticipate or that vary between sequencing runs. In addition, we are regularly evaluating and refining our sequencing process. These refinements may initially result in unanticipated issues that further reduce our sequencing process yields or increase the variability of our sequencing yields. Low sequencing yields can cause variability in our operating results and damage our reputation. In addition, although we believe GPS Cancer is a comprehensive molecular profiling solution, no solution is fully comprehensive and it will need to be continually improved in line with improvements in science and technology and potential developments by our competitors. If GPS Cancer proves to not be fully comprehensive now or in the future, customer demand for GPS Cancer may be adversely affected.
GPS Cancer can determine whether specific genes are over- or under-expressed which can affect protein levels and, as a result, cancer phenotype and drug efficacy in a particular patient. Such gene expression can also capture the effect of post-translational modifications, which can have equally significant implications on how a cancer is expressed in a patient and in turn may impact treatment decisions. GPS Cancer represents a novel and largely unproven approach to the diagnosis of cancer and may not be accurate based on the evolving understanding of how genomic sequences and proteomic analysis relate to disease progression and drug efficacy and resistance. As a result, the marketing, sale and use of molecular analysis and GPS Cancer could subject us to liability for errors in, misunderstandings of, or inappropriate reliance on, information we provide to physicians or geneticists, and lead to claims against us if someone were to allege that our solutions failed to perform as they were designed, if we failed to correctly interpret results, or if the ordering physician were to misinterpret our results or improperly rely on them when making a clinical decision. A product liability or professional liability claim could result in substantial financial and reputational damages and be costly and time-consuming for us to defend. Although we maintain liability insurance, including for errors and omissions, we cannot assure you that our insurance would fully protect us from the financial impact of defending against these types of claims or any judgments, fines or settlement costs arising out of any such claims. Any liability claim, including an errors and omissions liability claim, brought against us, with or without merit, could increase our insurance rates or prevent us from securing insurance coverage in the future. Additionally, any liability lawsuit could cause injury to our reputation or cause us to suspend sales of our sequencing and or molecular analysis solutions. The occurrence of any of these events could have an adverse effect on our business, reputation and results of operations.

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Our sequencing and molecular analysis solutions may never achieve significant commercial market acceptance.
Our sequencing and molecular analysis solutions may never gain significant acceptance in the marketplace and, therefore, may never generate substantial revenue or profits for us. Our ability to achieve commercial market acceptance for our sequencing and molecular analysis solutions will depend on several factors, including:
our ability to convince key thought lenders, physicians and caregivers and other key oncology stakeholders of the clinical utility of our entire product offering and its potential advantages over existing sequencing tests, specifically, the advantages of our RNA sequencing, mapping oncology disease pathways versus a patient’s own germline and our quantitative proteomic analysis;
the willingness of physicians, self-insured employers, payors and healthcare providers to utilize GPS Cancer; and
the willingness of commercial third-party payors and government payors to reimburse GPS Cancer, the scope and amount of which will affect patients’ willingness or ability to pay for GPS Cancer and likely heavily influence our customers’ decisions to recommend GPS Cancer.
Further, today’s most advanced diagnostics tests analyze narrow gene panels that capture only a limited number of the most common gene alterations, as compared to GPS Cancer, which sequences the patient’s whole genome (comparing both a patient’s normal and tumor tissue) and RNA and performs quantitative proteomic analysis. These narrow gene panels for specific treatments or disease areas are much less expensive than GPS Cancer. Although we believe that the advantages of sequencing the patient’s whole genome for the treatment of cancer, as well as running additional RNA and proteomic sequencing tests, outweigh the costs, key thought leaders, physicians and other caregivers, other key oncology stakeholders and payors may not agree. Further, if advances are made in the understanding of disease states and pathways do not reveal a benefit to whole genome and RNA and proteomic sequencing in areas beyond cancer then the market potential for GPS Cancer will be limited. Failure to achieve widespread commercial market acceptance for our sequencing and molecular analysis solutions could materially harm our business, financial condition and results of operations.
If we cannot compete successfully with our competitors for our sequencing and molecular analysis solutions, including GPS Cancer, we may be unable to increase or sustain our revenue or achieve and sustain profitability.
Personalized molecular analysis is a new area of science, and we face competition from companies that offer products, or have conducted research, to profile genes and gene expression in various cancers. Our principal competition for GPS Cancer comes from diagnostic companies that also offer whole genome sequencing. We also compete with diagnostic companies offering molecular diagnostic tests that capture only a single-marker or test panels that capture a limited number of the most well-known gene alterations, known as hotspot panel tests. In addition, academic research centers, diagnostic companies and next-generation sequencing, or NGS, platform developers are offering or developing NGS-based testing. NGS-based testing also has the capability to provide whole genome sequencing to compete with GPS Cancer.
Our competitors include companies such as Foundation Medicine, Inc., or Foundation Medicine, Caris Life Sciences, LLC, or Caris Life Sciences, and Personal Genome Diagnostics, Inc., or Personal Genome Diagnostics. Many hospitals and academic medical centers may also seek to perform the type of molecular testing we perform at their own facilities. As such, our competition may include entities such as the University of Michigan, Baylor Medical Genetics Laboratories, Washington University in St. Louis and other academic hospitals and research centers.
In addition to developing kits, some diagnostic companies also provide NGS platforms. Illumina, Inc., Life Technologies Corporation, Invitae Corporation, and other companies develop NGS platforms that are being sold directly to research centers, biopharmaceutical companies and clinical laboratories. While many of the applications for these platforms are focused on the research and development markets or testing for conditions outside of oncology, these companies have launched and will continue to commercialize products focused on the clinical oncology market. Although we believe GPS Cancer is a comprehensive molecular profiling solution, our competitors may develop more comprehensive or superior alternative offerings. We believe diagnostic platform providers will seek to place sequencing machines in laboratories to develop NGS-based laboratory-developed tests, or LDTs. In addition, we believe these companies will also develop their own diagnostic kits approved by the Food and Drug Administration, or FDA, which can be sold to the clients who have purchased their platforms. Also, many private companies are developing information technology-based tools to support the integration of NGS-based testing into the clinical setting.

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Additionally, some of our competitors’ sequencing tests are being used in FDA clinical trials as companion diagnostics. Because companion diagnostics help identify whether a patient’s disease expresses the molecular target, or biomarker, for the particular drug, they can help ensure the drug’s efficacy and are sometimes required by the FDA to be used with certain drugs. GPS Cancer may not have the genetic and proteomic analysis capability on par with a companion diagnostic to guide therapeutic treatments for certain customers. Further, the FDA requires a companion diagnostic test if a new drug works on a specific genetic or biological target that is present in some, but not all, patients with a certain cancer or disease. Even if it is shown to be on par with FDA-approved companion diagnostics, physicians and payors may still not choose to use GPS Cancer. If physicians and payors utilize and pay for these FDA-approved companion diagnostic tests instead of GPS Cancer, our business may be adversely affected.
Any of these competitors could have technological, financial and market access advantages that are not currently available to us.
The molecular diagnostics industry is subject to rapidly changing technology, which could make GPS Cancer and other products we may develop or license in the future obsolete.
Our industry is characterized by rapid technological changes, frequent new product introductions and enhancements and evolving industry standards, all of which could make GPS Cancer or our other products we develop or license obsolete. Our future success will depend on our ability to keep pace with the evolving needs of our clients on a timely and cost-effective basis and to pursue new market opportunities that develop as a result of technological and scientific advances. In recent years, there have been numerous advances in technologies relating to the diagnosis and treatment of cancer. There have also been advances in methods used to analyze very large amounts of genomic information. We must continuously enhance GPS Cancer and our other solutions, and we may also need to develop or license new technologies, to keep pace with evolving standards of care. If we do not update GPS Cancer or our other solutions to reflect new scientific knowledge about cancer biology, information about new cancer therapies, or relevant clinical trials, GPS Cancer could become obsolete and our GPS Cancer revenue growth would be limited, which would have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
If we are not able to establish relationships with, or lose the support of, key thought leaders or payors’ key decision makers, it may be difficult to establish GPS Cancer as a standard of care for patients with cancer, which may limit our revenue growth and ability to achieve profitability.
We are establishing relationships with leading oncology thought leaders and payors’ key decision makers. If we are unable to establish these relationships, or these key thought leaders or payors’ key decision makers determine that GPS Cancer, or other products or services that we develop or license, are not clinically or operationally effective or that alternative technologies and services are more effective or cost-efficient, or if they elect to use and promote internally developed products, we would encounter significant difficulty driving adoption of GPS Cancer and other technologies and services and validating GPS Cancer as a standard of care, which would limit our revenue growth and our ability to achieve profitability.
Ethical , legal and social concerns related to the use of genomic information could reduce demand for our sequencing and molecular analysis solutions, including GPS Cancer.
Genomic testing, like that conducted using GPS Cancer, has raised ethical, legal and social issues regarding privacy and the appropriate uses of the resulting information. Governmental authorities could, for social or other purposes, limit or regulate the use of genomic information or genomic testing, particularly for those that have no known cure. These concerns may lead patients to refuse to use, or clinicians to be reluctant to order, whole genome genomic tests even if permissible.
Ethical and social concerns may also influence U.S. and foreign patent offices and courts with regard to patent protection for technology relevant to our business. These and other ethical, legal and social concerns may limit market acceptance of our products or reduce the potential markets for products enabled by our sequencing and molecular analysis solutions, including GPS Cancer, either of which could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations.

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Risks Related to Our Systems Infrastructure, NantOS and NantOS Apps Business
The market for our Systems Infrastructure, NantOS and NantOS apps is new and unproven and may not grow.
We believe our future success will depend in large part on establishing and growing a market for our Systems Infrastructure, NantOS and NantOS apps that are able to provide operational intelligence, particularly designed to collect and index machine data. Our Systems Infrastructure is designed to address interoperability challenges across the healthcare continuum. It integrates big data with real time resources and applies machine learning algorithms to inform and optimize treatment decisions. In order to grow our business, we intend to expand the functionality of our offering to increase its acceptance and use by the broader market. In particular, our Systems Infrastructure is targeted at those in the healthcare continuum that are transitioning from fee-for-service to a value-based reimbursement models. While we believe this to be the current trend in healthcare, this trend may not continue in the future. Our Systems Infrastructure is less effective with a traditional fee-for-service model and if there is a reversion in the industry to fee-for-service, or a shift to another model, we would need to update our offerings and we may not be able to do so effectively or at all. It is difficult to predict client adoption and renewal rates, client demand for our software, the size and growth rate of the market for our solutions, the entry of competitive products or the success of existing competitive products. Many of our potential clients may already be party to existing agreements for competing offerings that may have lengthy terms or onerous termination provisions, and they may have already made substantial investments into those platforms which would result in high switching costs. Any expansion in our market depends on a number of factors, including the cost, performance and perceived value associated with such operating system and software applications particularly in light of the aforementioned shifting market dynamics. Although we have experienced rapid adoption of our Systems Infrastructure, NantOS and NantOS apps to date, that rate may slow or decline in the future, which would harm our business and operating results. In addition, while many large hospital systems and payors use our solutions, many of these entities use only certain of our offerings, and we may not be successful in driving broader adoption of our solutions among these existing users, which would limit our revenue growth.
If the market for our offerings does not achieve widespread adoption or there is a reduction in demand for our offerings in our market caused by a lack of customer acceptance, technological challenges, lack of accessible machine data, competing technologies and products, decreases in corporate spending, weakening economic conditions, or otherwise, it could result in reduced customer orders, early terminations, reduced renewal rates or decreased revenues, any of which would adversely affect our business operations and financial results. You should consider our business and prospects in light of the risks and difficulties we encounter in this new and unproven market.
The data and information that we provide to our clients, and their constituents, could be inaccurate or incomplete, which could harm both patients and our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Our NantOS offering stores and displays data from a variety of third-party sources for use in treating patients and to search and compare options for healthcare services and treatments. As part of our eviti platform solutions, we provide up-to-date information regarding cancer research, along with a list of potential treatments and relevant clinical trials seeking enrollment. Most of this data comes from health plans, our clients, published guidelines, peer-reviewed journals and other third parties. Because data in the healthcare industry is often fragmented in origin, inconsistent in format and often incomplete, the overall quality of certain types of data we receive can be poor. If these data are incorrect or incomplete or if we make mistakes in the capture or input of their data, or in our interpretation or analysis of such data, adverse consequences, including patient death and serious injury, may occur and give rise to product liability and other claims against us. In addition, a court or government agency may take the position that our storage and display of health information exposes us to personal injury liability or other liability for wrongful delivery or handling of healthcare services or erroneous health information. While we maintain insurance coverage, we cannot assure that this coverage will prove to be adequate or will continue to be available on acceptable terms, if at all. Even unsuccessful claims could result in substantial costs, reputational damage, and diversion of management resources. A claim brought against us that is uninsured or under-insured could harm our business, financial condition and results of operations.

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Our use of open source technology could impose limitations on our ability to commercialize our offerings.
Our offerings incorporate open source software components that are licensed to us under various public domain licenses. Some open source software licenses require users who distribute open source software as part of their software to publicly disclose all or part of the source code to such software or make available any derivative works of the open source code on unfavorable terms or at no cost. There is little or no legal precedent governing the interpretation of many of the terms of these licenses and therefore the potential impact of such terms on our business is not fully known or predictable. There is a risk that such licenses could be construed in a manner that imposes unanticipated conditions or restrictions on our ability to market our software products and services. While we monitor our use of open source software and try to ensure that none is used in a manner that would require us to disclose our source code or that would otherwise breach the terms of an open source agreement, such use could inadvertently occur and we may be required to release our proprietary source code, pay damages for breach of contract, re-engineer one or more of our offerings, discontinue sales of one or more of our offerings in the event re-engineering cannot be accomplished on a timely basis or take other remedial action that may divert resources away from our development efforts, any of which could cause us to breach obligations to our clients, harm our reputation, result in customer losses or claims, increase our costs or otherwise adversely affect our business and operating results.
If we are not able to enhance our Systems Infrastructure, NantOS or NantOS apps to achieve market acceptance and keep pace with technological developments, our business will be harmed.
Our ability to attract new subscribers and increase revenue from existing subscribers depends in large part on our ability to enhance and improve our existing offerings and to introduce new products and services, including products and services designed for a mobile user environment. To grow our business, we must develop products and services that reflect the changing nature of business management software and expand our NantOS offering. The success of any enhancements to our offerings depends on several factors, including timely completion, adequate quality testing and sufficient demand. Any new product or service that we develop may not be introduced in a timely or cost-effective manner, may contain defects or may not achieve the market acceptance necessary to generate sufficient revenue. If we are unable to successfully develop new products or services, enhance our existing offerings to meet subscriber requirements or otherwise gain market acceptance, our business and operating results will be harmed.
In addition, because many of our offerings are available over the Internet, we need to continuously modify and enhance them to keep pace with changes in Internet-related hardware, software, communications and database technologies and standards. If we are unable to respond in a timely and cost-effective manner to these rapid technological developments and changes in standards, our offerings may become less marketable, less competitive or obsolete, and our operating results will be harmed. If new technologies emerge that are able to deliver competitive products and applications at lower prices, more efficiently, more conveniently or more securely, such technologies could adversely impact our ability to compete. Our offerings must also integrate with a variety of network, hardware, mobile, and software platforms and technologies, and we need to continuously modify and enhance them to adapt to changes and innovation in these technologies. Any failure of our offerings to operate effectively with future infrastructure platforms and technologies could reduce the demand for such offerings. If we are unable to respond to these changes in a cost-effective manner, our offerings may become less marketable, less competitive or obsolete, and our operating results may be adversely affected.
Our data suppliers might restrict our use of or refuse to license data, which could lead to our inability to provide certain products or services.
A portion of the data that we use is either purchased or licensed from third parties or is obtained from our customers for specific customer engagements. Although we typically enter into long-term contractual arrangements with many of these suppliers of data, at the time of entry into a new contract or renewal of an existing contract, suppliers may increase restrictions on our use of such data, increase the price they charge us for data or refuse altogether to license the data to us. In addition, during the term of any data supply contract, suppliers may fail to adhere to our data quality control standards or fail to deliver data. Further, although no single individual data supplier is material to our business, if a number of suppliers collectively representing a significant amount of data that we use for one or more of our services were to impose additional contractual restrictions on our use of or access to data, fail to adhere to our quality-control standards, repeatedly fail to deliver data or refuse to provide data, now or in the future, our ability to provide those services to our clients could be materially adversely impacted, which may harm our operating results and financial condition.
We believe that we have rights necessary to use the data that is incorporated into our offerings. However, in the future, data providers could withdraw their data from us if there is a competitive reason to do so, or if legislation is passed restricting the use of the data, or if judicial interpretations are issued restricting use of the data that we currently use in our products and services. If a substantial number of data providers were to withdraw their data, our ability to provide our offerings to our clients could be materially adversely impacted.

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For example, in order to deliver the full functionality offered by NantOS, we need access, on behalf of our customers, to sources of pricing and claims data, much of which is managed by a limited number of health plans and other third parties. We have developed various long-term and short-term data sharing relationships with certain health plans and other third parties, including many of the largest health plans in the United States. The health plans and other third parties that we currently work with may, in the future, change their position and limit or eliminate our access to pricing and claims data, increase the costs charged to us for access to data, provide data to us in more limited or less useful formats, or restrict our permitted uses of data. Furthermore, some health plans have developed or are developing their own proprietary price and quality estimation tools and may perceive continued cooperation with us as a competitive disadvantage and choose to limit or discontinue our access to pricing and claims data. Failure to continue to maintain and expand our access to pricing and claims data will adversely impact our ability to continue to serve existing clients and expand NantOS and our other offerings to new clients.
If the validity of an informed consent from a patient enrolled in a clinical trial with one of our clients was challenged, we could be forced to stop using some of our resources, which would hinder the development efforts for our sequencing and molecular analysis solutions.
We have implemented measures designed to ensure that clinical data and genetic and other biological samples that we receive from our customers have been collected from subjects who have provided appropriate informed consent for purposes which extend to our product development activities. We seek to ensure that these data and samples are provided for processing via our molecular profiling solution in a manner that does not use readily individually identifiable information of the subject. We also have measures in place to ensure that the subjects from whom the data and samples are collected do not retain or have conferred on them any proprietary or commercial rights to the data or any discoveries derived from them. Further, our clients may conduct clinical trials in a number of different countries, and, to a large extent, we rely upon them to comply with the subject’s informed consent and with local law and international regulation. The collection of data and samples in many different countries results in complex legal questions regarding the adequacy of informed consent and the status of genetic material under a large number of different legal systems. The subject’s informed consent obtained in any particular country could be challenged in the future, and those informed consents could prove invalid, unlawful, or otherwise inadequate for our purposes. Any findings against us, or our clients, could deny us access to or force us to stop using some of our clinical samples, which would hinder our molecular profiling solution development efforts. We could become involved in legal challenges, which could consume our management and financial resources.
Failure by our clients to obtain proper permissions and waivers may result in claims against us or may limit or prevent our use of data which could harm our business.
We require our clients and business associates to provide necessary notices and to obtain necessary permissions and waivers for use and disclosure of the information that we receive, and we require contractual assurances from them that they have done so and will do so. If they do not obtain necessary permissions and waivers, then our use and disclosure of information that we receive from them or on their behalf may be limited or prohibited by state or federal privacy laws or other laws. This could impair our functions, processes and databases that reflect, contain or are based upon such data and may prevent use of such data. In addition, this could interfere with or prevent creation or use of rules, analyses or other data-driven activities that benefit us. Moreover, we may be subject to claims or liability for use or disclosure of information by reason of lack of valid notice, permission or waiver. These claims or liabilities could subject us to unexpected costs and adversely affect our operating results.
Our sales cycle can be lengthy and unpredictable, which may cause our revenue and operating results to fluctuate significantly.
Our sales cycle can be lengthy and unpredictable. Our sales efforts involve educating our customers about the use and benefits of our offerings and solutions, including the technical capabilities of our solutions and the potential cost savings and productivity gains achievable by deploying them. Additionally, many of our potential clients are typically already in long-term contracts with their current providers and face significant costs associated with transitioning to our offerings and solutions. As a result, potential customers typically undertake a significant evaluation process, which frequently involves not only CLINICS and component Systems Infrastructure and platforms, including NantOS and NantOS apps in comparison with our competitors, but also their existing capabilities and solutions, and can result in a lengthy sales cycle. We spend substantial time, effort and money on our sales efforts without any assurance that our efforts will produce any sales. In addition, purchases of CLINICS and component Systems Infrastructure and platforms, including NantOS and NantOS apps, are frequently subject to budget constraints, multiple approvals and unplanned administrative, processing and other delays. For example, at this time, hospitals in the United States face significant uncertainty over the continuing impact of federal government budgets, and continuing changes in the implementation and deadlines for compliance with the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010, or ACA, and other healthcare reform legislation, as well as potential future statutes and rulemaking. Many of our potential hospital clients, in particular, have used all or a significant portion of their revenues to comply with federal mandates to adopt electronic medical records in order to maintain their Medicaid and Medicare reimbursement levels. In the event we are unable to manage our lengthy and unpredictable sales cycle, our business may be adversely affected.

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We bill our clients and recognize revenue over the term of the contract for certain of our products; near term declines in new or renewed agreements for these products may not be reflected immediately in our operating results and may be difficult to discern.
A portion of our revenue in each quarter is derived from agreements entered into with our clients during previous quarters. Consequently, a decline in new or renewed agreements in any one quarter may not be fully reflected in our revenue for that quarter. Such declines, however, would negatively affect our revenue in future periods and the effect of significant downturns in sales of and market demand for certain of our solutions, and potential changes in our rate of renewals or renewal terms, may not be fully reflected in our results of operations until future periods. In addition, we may be unable to adjust our cost structure rapidly, or at all, to take account for reduced revenue. Our subscription model for certain of our solutions also makes it difficult for us to increase our total revenue through additional sales in any quarterly period, as revenue from new clients for those products must be recognized over the applicable term of the agreement. Accordingly, the effect of changes in the industry impacting our business or changes we experience in our new sales may not be reflected in our short-term results of operations.
A large portion of our revenue is derived from a small group of our clients, and the loss of such clients could adversely affect our business.
We derive a large portion of our revenue from a small group of our clients. No client represented more than 10% of our revenue in 2014. However, in 2015, we derived a significant portion of our revenue from a single reseller, who contracts with various health plans and other healthcare entities to manage the utilization of specialty health services for their covered members. For the year ended December 31, 2015, approximately 15% of our revenue was derived through this reseller. During the six months ended June 30, 2016, we derived 10% of our revenue through this reseller and another 23% of our revenue through customer relationships with two major health plans from our acquisition of NaviNet. We cannot guarantee that these clients will continue to contract for our services or acquire new services. The contract governing the reseller relationship is terminable without cause upon 12 months’ written notice, but the two health plan customers cannot terminate without cause. Additionally, the reseller may not be successful in reselling our products to its covered members, or covered members may reduce their orders for our products for a number of reasons. If this happens, our revenue could be greatly reduced, which would materially and adversely affect our business.
If our existing clients do not continue or renew their agreements with us, renew at lower fee levels or decline to purchase additional applications and services from us, our business and operating results will suffer.
We expect to derive a significant portion of our revenue from renewal of existing customer agreements, and sales of additional applications and services to existing clients. As a result, achieving high customer satisfaction to keep existing clients and sell additional platform offerings is critical to our future operating results.
Factors that may affect the renewal rate for our offerings and our ability to sell additional solutions include:

the price, performance and functionality of our offerings;
the availability, price, performance and functionality of competing solutions;
our ability to develop complementary applications and services;
our continued ability to access the pricing and claims data necessary to enable us to deliver reliable data in our cost estimation and price transparency offering to customers;
the stability, performance and security of our hosting infrastructure and hosting services;
changes in healthcare laws, regulations or trends; and
the business environment of our clients, in particular, headcount reductions by our clients.

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For our NantOS and related offerings, we typically enter into master services agreements with our clients. These agreements generally have stated terms of three to five years. Our clients have no obligation to renew their subscriptions for our offering after the term expires. In addition, our clients may negotiate terms less advantageous to us upon renewal, which may reduce our revenue from these clients. Factors that are not within our control may contribute to a reduction in our contract revenue. For instance, our clients may reduce their number of employees, which would result in a corresponding reduction in the number of employee users eligible for our offering and thus a lower aggregate monthly services fee. Our future operating results also depend, in part, on our ability to sell new solutions to our existing customers. If our clients fail to renew their agreements, renew their agreements upon less favorable terms or at lower fee levels, or fail to purchase new solutions from us, our revenue may decline or our future revenue may be constrained.
In addition, a significant number of our customer agreements allow our clients to terminate such agreements for convenience at certain times, typically with one to three months advance notice. Any cancellations of such agreements would have a negative result on our business and results of operations.
If any new applications and services we may develop or acquire are not adopted by our customers, or if we fail to continue to innovate and develop or acquire new applications and services that are adopted by customers, then our revenue and operating results will be adversely affected.
In addition to past investments made in CLINICS, and component Systems Infrastructure and platforms, including NantOS and NantOS apps, we have invested, and will continue to invest, significant resources in research and development and in acquisitions to enhance our existing offerings and introduce new high quality applications and services. If existing clients are not willing to make additional payments for such new applications, or if new clients do not value such new applications, our business and operating results will be harmed. If we are unable to predict user preferences or our industry changes, or if we are unable to modify our offering and services on a timely basis, we might lose clients. Our operating results would also suffer if our innovations and acquisitions are not responsive to the needs of our clients, are not appropriately timed with market opportunity or are not effectively brought to market.
Security breaches, loss of data and other disruptions could compromise sensitive information related to our business and/or protected health information or prevent us from accessing critical information and expose us to liability, which could adversely affect our business and our reputation.
In the ordinary course of our business, we and our clients, consultants, contractors and business associates collect and store petabytes of sensitive data, including legally protected health information, personally identifiable information, intellectual property and proprietary business information owned or controlled by ourselves or our clients, payors, providers and partners. We manage and maintain our applications and data by utilizing a combination of on-site systems, managed data center systems, and cloud-based data center systems. These applications and data encompass a wide variety of business-critical information, including research and development information, commercial information and business and financial information. We face four primary risks relative to protecting this critical information, including loss of access risk, inappropriate disclosure risk, inappropriate modification risk and the risk of being unable to adequately monitor our controls over the first three risks.
The secure processing, storage, maintenance and transmission of this critical information is vital to our operations and business strategy, and we devote significant resources to protecting such information. Although we take measures to protect sensitive information from unauthorized access or disclosure, our information technology and infrastructure, and that of our third-party billing and collections provider, may be vulnerable to attacks by hackers or viruses or breached due to employee error, malfeasance or other disruptions. Any such breach or interruption could compromise our networks and the information stored there could be accessed by unauthorized parties, publicly disclosed, lost or stolen. Any such access, disclosure or other loss of information could result in legal claims or proceedings, liability under laws that protect the privacy of personal information, such as the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act, or HIPAA, and regulatory penalties. Although we have implemented security measures and a formal, dedicated enterprise security program to prevent unauthorized access to patient data, there is no guarantee we can continue to protect our online portal or will be able to protect our mobile applications from breach. Unauthorized access, loss or dissemination could also disrupt our operations, including our ability to conduct our analyses, provide test results, bill payors, providers or patients, process claims and appeals, provide customer assistance services, conduct research and development activities, collect, process and prepare company financial information, provide information about our products and other patient and physician education and outreach efforts through our website, manage the administrative aspects of our business and damage our reputation, any of which could adversely affect our business.

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The U.S. Office of Civil Rights may impose penalties on us if we do not fully comply with requirements of HIPAA. Penalties will vary significantly depending on factors such as whether we knew or should have known of the failure to comply, or whether our failure to comply was due to willful neglect. These penalties include civil monetary penalties of $100 to $50,000 per violation, up to an annual cap of $1,500,000 for identical violations. A person who knowingly obtains or discloses individually identifiable health information in violation of HIPAA may face a criminal penalty of up to $50,000 per violation and up to one-year imprisonment. The criminal penalties increase to $100,000 per violation and up to five years imprisonment if the wrongful conduct involves false pretenses, and to $250,000 per violation and up to 10 years imprisonment if the wrongful conduct involves the intent to sell, transfer, or use identifiable health information for commercial advantage, personal gain, or malicious harm. The U.S. Department of Justice is responsible for criminal prosecutions under HIPAA. Furthermore, in the event of a breach as defined by HIPAA, we have specific reporting requirements to the Office of Civil Rights under the HIPAA regulations as well as to affected individuals, and we may also have additional reporting requirements to other state and federal regulators, including the Federal Trade Commission, and/or to the media. Issuing such notifications can be costly, time and resource intensive, and can generate significant negative publicity. Breaches of HIPAA may also constitute contractual violations that could lead to contractual damages or terminations.
In addition, the interpretation and application of consumer, health-related and data protection laws in the United States, Europe and elsewhere are often uncertain, contradictory and in flux. It is possible that these laws may be interpreted and applied in a manner that is inconsistent with our practices. If so, this could result in government-imposed fines or orders requiring that we change our practices, which could adversely affect our business. In addition, these privacy regulations vary between states, may differ from country to country, and may vary based on whether testing is performed in the United States or in the local country. Complying with these various laws could cause us to incur substantial costs or require us to change our business practices and compliance procedures in a manner adverse to our business.
We rely on Internet infrastructure, bandwidth providers, data center providers, other third parties and our own systems for providing services to our users, and any failure or interruption in the services provided by these third parties or our own systems could expose us to litigation and negatively impact our relationships with clients, adversely affecting our brand and our business.
Our ability to deliver our internet-based services is dependent on the development and maintenance of the infrastructure of the Internet by third parties. This includes maintenance of a reliable network backbone with the necessary speed, data capacity and security for providing reliable Internet access and services. Our services are designed to operate without interruption in accordance with our service level commitments. However, we expect that we will in the future experience interruptions and delays in services and availability from time to time. We rely on internal systems as well as third-party vendors, including data center providers and bandwidth providers, to provide our services. We store, process and transport petabytes of data and the nature of our business requires us to scale our storage capacity. In the event we are unable to scale appropriately, we may lose clients or fail to realize the network effects of our system and our business may be impaired. We do not maintain redundant systems or facilities for some of these services. In the event of a catastrophic event with respect to one or more of these systems or facilities, we may experience an extended period of system unavailability, which could negatively impact our relationship with users. To operate without interruption, both we and our service providers must guard against:

damage from fire, power loss and other natural disasters;
communications failures;
software and hardware errors, failures and crashes;
security breaches, computer viruses and similar disruptive problems; and
other potential interruptions.
Any disruption in the network access or co-location services provided by third-party providers or any failure of or by third-party providers or our own systems to handle current or higher volume of use could significantly harm our business. We exercise limited control over third-party vendors, which increases our vulnerability to problems with services they provide.
Any errors, failures, interruptions or delays experienced in connection with third-party technologies and information services or our own systems could negatively impact our relationships with clients and adversely affect our business and could expose us to third-party liabilities. Although we maintain insurance for our business, the coverage under our policies may not be adequate to compensate us for all losses that may occur. In addition, we cannot provide assurance that we will continue to be able to obtain adequate insurance coverage at an acceptable cost.

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The reliability and performance of the Internet may be harmed by increased usage or by denial-of-service attacks. The Internet has experienced a variety of outages and other delays as a result of damages to portions of its infrastructure, and it could face outages and delays in the future. These outages and delays could reduce the level of Internet usage as well as the availability of the Internet to us for delivery of our internet-based services. Any failure to offer high-quality technical support services may adversely affect our relationships with our clients and harm our financial results.
As a result of the complexity of the issues facing healthcare providers and payors and the inherent complexity of our solutions to such issues, our clients depend on our support organization to resolve any technical issues relating to our offering. In addition, our sales process is highly dependent on the quality of our offerings, our business reputation and on strong recommendations from our existing clients. Any failure to maintain high-quality and highly responsive technical support, or a market perception that we do not maintain high-quality and highly responsive support, could harm our reputation, adversely affect our ability to sell our offering to existing and prospective clients, and harm our business, operating results and financial condition.
We offer technical support services with our offerings and we may be unable to respond quickly enough to accommodate short-term increases in customer demand for support services, particularly as we increase the size of our customer base. We also may be unable to modify the format of our support services to compete with changes in support services provided by competitors. It is difficult to predict customer demand for technical support services and if customer demand increases significantly, we may be unable to provide satisfactory support services to our clients and their constituents. Additionally, increased customer demand for these services, without corresponding revenue, could increase costs and adversely affect our operating results.
If we cannot implement CLINICS and component Systems Infrastructure and platforms, including NantOS and NantOS apps, for customers in a timely manner, we may lose customers and our reputation may be harmed.
Our clients have a variety of different data formats, enterprise applications and infrastructures, and CLINICS and component Systems Infrastructure and platforms, including NantOS and NantOS apps, must support our clients’ data formats and integrate with complex enterprise applications and infrastructures. Similarly, our connectivity devices and applications must interact with a wide variety of devices and data formats. If our platforms do not currently support a customer’s required data format or appropriately integrate with a customer’s applications and infrastructure, then we must configure our Systems Infrastructure to do so, which increases our expenses. Additionally, we do not control our clients’ implementation schedules. As a result, if our clients do not allocate internal resources necessary to meet their implementation responsibilities or if we face unanticipated implementation difficulties, the implementation may be delayed. Further, our implementation capacity has at times constrained our ability to successfully implement our offering for our clients in a timely manner, particularly during periods of high demand. If the customer implementation process is not executed successfully or if execution is delayed, we could incur significant costs, customers could become dissatisfied and decide not to increase usage of our offering, or not to use our offering beyond an initial period prior to their term commitment or, in some cases, revenue recognition could be delayed. In addition, competitors with more efficient operating models with lower implementation costs could penetrate our customer relationships.
Additionally, large and demanding enterprise clients, who currently comprise the substantial majority of our customer base, may request or require specific features or functions unique to their particular business processes, which increase our upfront investment in sales and deployment efforts and the revenue resulting from the clients under our typical contract length may not cover the upfront investments. If prospective large customers require specific features or functions that we do not offer, then the market for our offering will be more limited and our business could suffer.
In addition, supporting large clients could require us to devote significant development services and support personnel and strain our personnel resources and infrastructure. Furthermore, if we are unable to address the needs of these clients in a timely fashion or further develop and enhance our offering, or if a client or its constituents are not satisfied with the quality of work performed by us or with the offerings delivered or professional services rendered, then we could incur additional costs to address the situation, we may be required to issue credits or refunds for pre-paid amounts related to unused services, the profitability of that work might be impaired and the client’s dissatisfaction with our offerings could damage our ability to expand the number of applications and services purchased by that client. Furthermore, if a client or its constituents do not opt into or need certain aspects of our offering, there may not be enough demand for that aspect of our offering to warrant future purchases by that client, or the client may seek to terminate their relationship with us. These clients may not renew their agreements, seek to terminate their relationship with us or renew on less favorable terms. Moreover, negative publicity related to our client relationships, regardless of its accuracy, may further damage our business by affecting our ability to compete for new business with current and prospective clients. If any of these were to occur, our revenue may decline and our operating results could be adversely affected.

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We face intense competition in our markets, and we may be unable to compete effectively for new clients.
Although our product offerings target the new and emerging market for evidence-based personalized healthcare technology solutions, we compete against a variety of large software vendors and smaller specialized companies, open source initiatives and custom development efforts, which provide solutions in the specific markets we address. Our principal competitors include:

Electronic Health Record, or EHR, vendors such as Allscripts Healthcare Solutions, Inc., or Allscripts, athenahealth, Inc., or athenahealth, Cerner Corporation, or Cerner, Epic Systems Corporation, or Epic, Flatiron Health Inc., or Flatiron, GE Healthcare, Inc., or GE Healthcare, McKesson Corporation, or McKesson, Medical Information Technology, Inc., or Meditech, and Quality Systems, Inc., or Quality Systems;
Health Information Exchange, or HIE, and integration vendors such as Allscripts, Intersystems Corporation, or Intersystems, and Orion Health Group Limited, or Orion; and
Healthcare information technology decision support vendors such as The Advisory Board Company, Castlight Health, Inc., or Castlight Health, HealthCatalyst, Inc., or HealthCatalyst, International Business Machines Corporation, or IBM, Inovalon Holdings, Inc., or Inovalon, and Truven Health Analytics, or Truven (acquired by IBM).
The principal competitive factors in our markets include product features, performance and support, product scalability and flexibility, ease of deployment and use, total cost of ownership and time to value. Some of our actual and potential competitors have advantages over us, such as longer operating histories, significantly greater financial, technical, marketing or other resources, stronger brand and business user recognition, larger intellectual property portfolios and broader global distribution and presence. Further, competitors may be able to offer products or functionality similar to ours at a more attractive price than we can by integrating or bundling their software products with their other product offerings. In addition, our industry is evolving rapidly and is becoming increasingly competitive. Larger and more established companies may focus on creating a learning system or solutions that could directly compete with one or more of our offerings. If companies move a greater proportion of their data and computational needs to the cloud, new competitors may emerge which offer services comparable to ours or that are better suited for cloud-based data, and the demand for one or more of our offerings may decrease. Smaller companies could also launch new products and services that we do not offer and that could gain market acceptance quickly.
In recent years, there have been significant acquisitions and consolidation by and among our actual and potential competitors. We anticipate this trend of consolidation will continue, which will present heightened competitive challenges to our business. In particular, consolidation in our industry increases the likelihood of our competitors offering bundled or integrated products, and we believe that it may increase the competitive pressures we face with respect to our solutions. If we are unable to differentiate one or more of our offerings from the integrated or bundled products of our competitors, such as by offering enhanced functionality, performance or value, we may see decreased demand for those solutions, which would adversely affect our business, results of operations, financial condition and cash flows. Further, it is possible that continued industry consolidation may impact our clients’ and prospective clients’ perceptions of the viability of smaller or even medium-sized software firms and, consequently, their willingness to use technology solutions from such firms. Similarly, if customers seek to concentrate their technology purchases in the product portfolios of a few large providers, we may be at a competitive disadvantage regardless of the performance and features of our offerings. We believe that in order to remain competitive at the large enterprise level, we will need to develop and expand relationships with resellers and large system integrators that provide a broad range of products and services. If we are unable to compete effectively, our business, results of operations, financial condition and cash flows could be materially and adversely affected.

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The healthcare technology industry in which we operate is subject to rapidly changing technologies and trends, each of which could contribute to making our products obsolete.
The markets for cloud-based data platforms and internet-based business services such as CLINICS and component Systems Infrastructure and platforms, including our NantOS and NantOS apps and their associated offerings, are in the early stages of development, but the market is competitive even at this stage, and we expect it to attract increased competition, which could make it hard for us to succeed. We currently face competition for one or more of our offerings from a range of companies, including EHR vendors such as Allscripts, Cerner, Epic, and GE Healthcare, and healthcare IT decision support vendors such as Castlight Health, IBM, Inovalon and Truven (acquired by IBM). In addition, large, well-financed health plans, with whom we cooperate and on whom we depend in order to obtain the pricing and claims data we need to deliver our offerings to customers have in some cases developed their own cost and quality estimation tools and provide these solutions to their customers at discounted prices or often for free. If enterprises do not perceive the benefits of our services, then the market for these services may not develop at all, or it may develop more slowly than we expect, either of which would materially adversely affect our operating results. In addition, as a new company in this unproven market, we have limited insight into trends that may develop and affect our business. We may make errors in predicting and reacting to relevant business trends, which could harm our business. If any of these risks occur, it could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations.
Healthcare industry consolidation could impose pressure on our prices, reduce our potential client base and reduce demand for one or more of our offerings.
Many hospitals, imaging centers and third-party payors have consolidated to create larger healthcare enterprises with greater market and purchasing power. In addition, group purchasing organizations and managed care organizations could increase pressure on providers of healthcare related services to reduce prices. If this consolidation trend continues, it could reduce the size of our potential customer base and give the resulting enterprises greater bargaining or purchasing power, which may lead to erosion of the prices for our software or decreased margins for our offerings.
Our offerings may experience quality problems from time to time that can result in decreased sales, decreased operating margins and harm to our reputation.
We sell complex hardware and software products and services that may contain design and manufacturing defects. Sophisticated operating system software and applications, such as those sold by us, often contain “bugs” that can unexpectedly interfere with the software’s intended operation. Our online services may from time to time experience outages, service slowdowns, or errors. Defects may also occur in components and products we purchase from third parties. There can be no assurance we will be able to detect and fix all defects in the hardware, software and services third parties sell to us. Failure to do so could result in lost revenue, significant warranty and other expenses and harm to our reputation.
Risks Related to Our Patient Monitoring Solutions, Including Our Connectivity Suite of NantOS, Hardware and Software
We rely on third-party manufacturers to manufacture our patient monitoring devices, such as HBox, GlowPack and GlowCap. Any failure by a third-party manufacturer to produce supplies for us may delay or impair our ability to provide our patient monitoring devices, which are an integral part of our learning ecosystem.
We rely upon third-parties for the manufacture of our patient monitoring devices and intend to continue to do so in the future. We currently do not have any material agreements with third-party manufacturers for our patient monitoring devices. As demand for our products increase, we may seek to enter into long-term third-party manufacturing agreements. If our third-party manufacturers are unable to deliver sufficient quantities of products on a timely basis or we encounter difficulties in our relationships with these manufacturers, the manufacture and sale of our products may be disrupted, and our business, operating results and reputation could be adversely affected. If we are unable to arrange for third-party manufacturing sources, or unable to do so on commercially reasonable terms, we may not be able to deliver our products to clients in a timely manner, or at all.
Reliance on third-party manufacturers entails risks to which we would not be subject if we manufactured product candidates ourselves, including reliance on the third party to comply with applicable regulatory laws, the possibility of breach of the manufacturing agreement by the third party because of factors beyond our control and the possibility of termination or nonrenewal of the agreement by the third party, based on its own business priorities, at a time that is costly or damaging to us. In addition, the FDA and other regulatory authorities require that our patient monitoring devices be manufactured in compliance with Quality System Regulations, or QSR, and similar standards in foreign markets where we sell our products. Any failure by our third-party manufacturers to comply with QSR or failure to scale up manufacturing processes as needed, including any failure to deliver sufficient quantities of products in a timely manner, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, operating results and cash flows. In addition, such failure could be the basis for action by the FDA to withdraw approvals for product candidates previously granted to us and for other regulatory action.

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Our patient monitoring devices, including our connectivity suite, or NantOS, hardware and software may experience design or manufacturing defects from time to time that can result in reduced network effects to CLINICS and component Systems Infrastructure and platforms, including NantOS and NantOS apps, which could materially and adversely affect our business.
We sell patient monitoring devices, including our connectivity suite, or NantOS, hardware and software that could contain design or manufacturing defects in their materials, hardware, or software. These defects could include defective materials or components, or “bugs” that can unexpectedly interfere with the products’ intended operations or result in inaccurate data. Failure to detect, prevent, or fix defects could result in a variety of consequences, including returns of products, regulatory proceedings, product recalls, and litigation, which could harm our revenue and operating results. If our products fail to provide accurate measurements and data to users, then the network effects of our adaptive clinical learning system may be materially and adversely impacted.
Our patient monitoring devices, including our connectivity suite, or NantOS, hardware and software could give rise to product liability claims and product recall events that could materially and adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.
The development, manufacturing and sale of medical devices expose us to significant risk of product liability claims, product recalls and, occasionally, product failure claims. We face an inherent business risk of financial exposure to product liability claims if the use of our patient monitoring devices, including our connectivity suite, or NantOS, hardware and software results in personal injury or death. Substantial product liability litigation currently exists within the medical device industry. Some of our patient monitoring devices may become subject to product liability claims and/or product recalls. Future product liability claims and/or product recall costs may exceed the limits of our insurance coverages or such insurance may not continue to be available to us on commercially reasonable terms, or at all. In addition, a significant product liability claim or product recall could significantly damage our reputation for producing safe, reliable and effective products, making it more difficult for us to market and sell our products in the future. Consequently, a product liability claim, product recall or other claim could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, operating results and cash flows.
The sale of medical device products in the United States is subject to government regulations and we may not be able to obtain certain necessary clearances or approvals.
The design, manufacturing, labeling, distribution and marketing of medical devices in the United States is subject to extensive and rigorous regulation by the FDA. Unless an exemption applies, we or our collaborative partners must obtain prior clearance or approval from the FDA for medical devices we intend to commercialize, which can be expensive and uncertain and can cause lengthy delays before we can begin selling our products. We cannot be sure that:

we or any collaborative partner will make timely filings with the FDA;
the FDA will act favorably or quickly on these submissions;
we or any collaborative partner will not be required to submit additional information;
we or any collaborative partner will not be required to submit an application for premarket approval, rather than a 510(k) premarket notification submission as described below; or
other significant difficulties and costs related to obtaining FDA clearance or approval will not be encountered.
The FDA may impose strict labeling or other requirements as a condition of its clearance or approval, any of which could limit our ability to market our products. Further, if we or our collaborative partners wish to modify a product after FDA clearance of a premarket notification or approval of a premarket approval application, including changes in indications or other modifications that could affect safety and efficacy, additional clearances or approvals will be required from the FDA. Any request by the FDA for additional data, or any requirement by the FDA that we or our collaborative partners conduct clinical studies or submit to the more rigorous and lengthier premarket approval process, could result in substantial expenses and significant delays in bringing our products to market. Similarly, any labeling or other conditions or restrictions imposed by the FDA on the marketing of our products could hinder our ability to effectively market our products. Any of the above actions by the FDA could delay or prevent altogether our ability to market and distribute our products. Further, there may be new FDA policies or changes in FDA policies that could be adverse to us.

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Even if we obtain clearance or approval to sell medical device products, we are subject to ongoing requirements and inspections that could lead to the restriction, suspension or revocation of our clearance.
Ongoing compliance with applicable regulatory requirements will be strictly enforced in the United States through periodic inspections by state and federal agencies, including the FDA, and in international jurisdictions by comparable regulatory authorities. In the past, we have conducted investigations designed to determine whether we meet such regulatory requirements and have identified non-conformances and areas that need improvement. Though we strive to comply with such regulations, there can be no guarantee that the applicable regulators will find that we are in compliance with such regulations in the future. Failure to comply with these regulatory requirements could result in, among other things, warning letters, fines, injunctions, civil penalties, recall or seizure of products, total or partial suspension of production, failure to obtain premarket clearance or premarket approval for devices, withdrawal of approvals previously obtained, and criminal prosecution. The restriction, suspension or revocation of regulatory clearances and approvals or any other failure to comply with regulatory requirements would limit our ability to operate and could increase our costs.
Risks Related to Our Relationships with Other Companies
Our ability to achieve profitability is dependent upon the success of NantOmics.
We currently secure all of our rights to our sequencing and molecular analysis solutions, including GPS Cancer, from NantOmics. The prospects for these offerings depend in part on the expertise and financial strength of NantOmics, which is controlled by Dr. Patrick Soon-Shiong, our Chairman and Chief Executive Officer. We will rely on NantOmics to handle certain aspects of our sequencing and molecular analysis solutions, including GPS Cancer, including but not limited to:

acquiring appropriate and cost-efficient supplies to produce our sequencing and molecular analysis solutions;
delivering our sequencing and molecular analysis solutions in a timely manner to us;
continuing to keep our sequencing and molecular analysis solutions up to date and on pace with current clinical and market developments;
filing, prosecuting and maintaining patents that cover our sequencing and molecular analysis solutions;
complying with CLIA regulations and maintaining a CLIA license and all other applicable state laboratory licenses, including through periodic inspections; and
hiring qualified personnel experienced in completing highly complex laboratory tests.
We are responsible for various aspects of delivering our sequencing and molecular analysis solutions, including but not limited to communications with patients and providers such as providing interpretations of the GPS Cancer reports and resolving any disputes, ensuring customer satisfaction, billing and collections and patient and physician engagement. If NantOmics is unable to successfully handle its aspects of our sequencing and molecular analysis solutions or we are unable to successfully handle our aspects of delivering our sequencing and molecular analysis solutions, our business will be adversely affected.
If we are unable to renew our agreement with NantOmics or locate a suitable replacement upon expiration of such agreement at comparable prices, our business would be materially and adversely affected.
Our amended and restated exclusive reseller agreement with NantOmics, or the Reseller Agreement, expires on December 31, 2020, subject to three potential three-year renewal options if we complete specified projected GPS Cancer test thresholds. Although NantOmics generally does not have the right to terminate prior to that date, we may be unable to renew such agreement or execute a new arrangement at comparable favorable prices to provide us with molecular profiling tests. In addition, we may not be able to achieve our projected renewal thresholds. Furthermore, NantOmics currently has what we believe is the most comprehensive and clinically validated CAP- and CLIA-certified whole genome and quantitative proteomics laboratory. If we were unable to fulfill our delivery requirements for our sequencing and molecular analysis solutions to our clients, our business would be materially and adversely affected.

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Additionally, through our agreement with NantOmics, we purchase our sequencing and molecular analysis solutions, including GPS Cancer, at a discount to market price. We also receive revenue from our sale of NantOmics’ whole genome sequencing and proteomic analysis. If we are reimbursed at an amount equal to or less than a certain threshold, our GPS Cancer solution will not be profitable and our business will be materially and adversely affected. Since we expect that pricing pressure from government and third party payors, increasing competition from companies and others offering whole genome sequencing and reductions in the costs of providing whole genome sequencing as technologies mature, will combine to drive the price of whole genome sequencing down, we cannot guarantee that the price we are able to charge for our GPS Cancer solution will continue to yield a profit under the terms of the exclusive reseller agreement.
We rely on third-party computer hardware and software that may be difficult to replace or which could cause errors or failures of our service which could damage our reputation, harm our ability to attract and maintain clients and decrease our revenue.
We rely on computer hardware purchased or leased and software licensed from third parties in order to offer our service. These licenses are generally commercially available on varying terms, however it is possible that this hardware and software may not continue to be available on commercially reasonable terms, or at all. Any loss of the right to use any of this hardware or software could result in delays in the provisioning of CLINICS, NantOS, NantOS apps and GPS Cancer until equivalent technology is either developed by us, or, if available, is identified, obtained and integrated, which could harm our business. Any errors or defects in third-party hardware or software could result in errors or a failure of our service which could damage our reputation, harm our ability to attract and maintain clients and decrease our revenue.
We are heavily dependent on our senior management, particularly Dr. Patrick Soon-Shiong, and a loss of a member of our senior management team in the future could harm our business.
If we lose members of our senior management, we may not be able to find appropriate replacements on a timely basis, and our business could be adversely affected. Our existing operations and continued future development depend to a significant extent upon the continued performance and active participation of certain key individuals, including Dr. Patrick Soon-Shiong, our Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and our principal stockholder. Although we expect Dr. Patrick Soon-Shiong will continue to devote on average at least 20 hours per week to our company, he will continue to primarily focus on NantKwest, Inc., or NantKwest, a publicly-traded, clinical-stage immunotherapy company, of which he is Chairman and Chief Executive Officer. Dr. Patrick Soon-Shiong will also devote time to other companies operating under NantWorks, a collection of multiple companies in the healthcare and technology space that Dr. Patrick Soon-Shiong founded in 2011. We do not believe Dr. Patrick Soon-Shiong has any material conflicting obligations as a result of his involvement with other companies. Additionally, we are dependent on commercial relationships with various other parties affiliated with NantWorks and with Dr. Patrick Soon-Shiong, including NantOmics, as described in Note 8 of the accompanying notes to the Condensed Consolidated and Combined financial statements, and we may enter into additional relationships in the future. If Dr. Patrick Soon-Shiong was to cease his affiliation with us or with NantWorks, these entities may be unwilling to continue these relationships with us on commercially reasonable terms, or at all. The risks related to our dependence upon Dr. Patrick Soon-Shiong is particularly acute given his ownership percentage and role in our company. If we were to lose Dr. Patrick Soon-Shiong, we may not be able to find appropriate replacements on a timely basis and our financial condition and results of operations could be materially adversely affected. We have not entered into, nor do we intend to enter into, an employment agreement with Dr. Patrick Soon-Shiong.
We face significant competition for employees from other healthcare-related companies, which include both publicly-traded and privately-held companies, and we may not be able to hire new employees quickly enough to meet our needs. To induce valuable employees to remain at our company, in addition to salary and cash incentives, we have provided equity incentives that vest over time and, in some cases, upon the occurrence of certain events. The value to employees of these equity incentives that vest over time may be significantly affected by movements in our stock price that are beyond our control, and may at any time be insufficient to counteract more lucrative offers from other companies. Although we have employment agreements with certain of our key employees, these employment agreements provide for at-will employment, which means that any of our employees could leave our employment at any time, with or without notice. We do not maintain “key man” insurance policies on the lives of these individuals or the lives of any of our other employees.

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If we and NantOmics are unable to support demand for our sequencing and molecular analysis solutions, including GPS Cancer, including ensuring that we have adequate capacity to meet increased demand, or we or NantOmics are unable to successfully manage the evolution of its molecular information platform, our business could suffer.
As our volume grows, we and NantOmics will need to increase capacity and improve processes to support growing demand. Our sequencing and molecular analysis solutions will need additional certified laboratory scientists and other scientific and technical personnel to process higher volumes of our molecular information products. Portions of our process are not automated and will require additional personnel to scale. We and NantOmics will also need to purchase additional equipment, some of which can take several months or more to procure, setup and validate, and will need to increase our software and computing capacity to meet increased demand. There is no assurance that any of these increases in scale, expansion of personnel, equipment, software and computing capacities, or process enhancements will be successfully implemented.
As additional products are commercialized, including molecular profiling solutions for additional disease indications, we and NantOmics will need to incorporate new equipment, implement new technology systems and laboratory processes, and hire new personnel with different qualifications. Failure to manage growth or a transition to new technologies or processes could result in turnaround time delays, higher product costs, declining product quality, deteriorating customer service, and slower responses to competitive challenges. A failure in any one of these areas could make it difficult for us to meet market expectations for our products, and could damage our reputation and the prospects for our business.
Risks Related to Our Business Generally
We have in the past and may in the future acquire other companies or technologies, which could divert our management’s attention, result in dilution to our stockholders and otherwise disrupt our operations and adversely affect our operating results.
Part of our business model is the acquisition of technologies and businesses that promote our transformational vision for personalized healthcare. We have in the past and may in the future seek to acquire or invest in additional businesses, applications, services and/or technologies that we believe complement or expand our offerings, enhance our technical capabilities or otherwise offer growth opportunities. The pursuit of potential acquisitions may divert the attention of management and cause us to incur various expenses in identifying, investigating and pursuing suitable acquisitions, whether or not they are consummated.
For example, we acquired certain assets of HCS in July 2015 to add to our comprehensive offering. In January 2016, we acquired NaviNet to bolster our payor platform. Realizing the benefits of these acquisitions will depend upon the successful integration into our existing operations, and we may not be able to integrate the acquired personnel, operations and technologies successfully, or effectively manage the combined business following the acquisition. We also may not realize the anticipated benefits from any acquired business due to a number of factors, including:

inability to integrate or benefit from acquired technologies or services in a profitable manner;
unanticipated costs or liabilities associated with the acquisition;
difficulty integrating the accounting systems, operations and personnel of the acquired business;
difficulties and additional expenses associated with supporting legacy products and hosting infrastructure of the acquired business;
difficulty converting the customers of the acquired business onto our platform and contract terms, including disparities in the revenue, licensing, support or professional services model of the acquired company;
difficulty in cross-selling our existing solutions and offerings to the acquired business’ customers;
diversion of management’s attention from other business concerns;
adverse effects to our existing business relationships with business partners and customers as a result of the acquisition;
the potential loss of key employees;
use of resources that are needed in other parts of our business; and
use of substantial portions of our available cash to consummate the acquisition.

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In addition, a significant portion of the purchase price of companies we acquire may be allocated to acquired goodwill and other intangible assets, which must be assessed for impairment at least annually. If our acquisitions do not yield expected returns, we have in the past, and may in the future, be required to take charges to our operating results based on this impairment assessment process, which could adversely affect our results of operations.
Acquisitions could also result in dilutive issuances of equity securities or the incurrence of debt, which could adversely affect our operating results. In addition, if an acquired business fails to meet our expectations, our operating results, business and financial position may suffer.
We cannot assure you that we will be successful in integrating certain assets of HCS, NaviNet or other businesses or technologies we may acquire. The failure to successfully integrate these businesses could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, or results of operations.
Business disruptions could seriously harm our future revenue and financial condition and increase our costs and expenses.
Our operations, and those of our contractors and consultants, could be subject to earthquakes, power shortages, telecommunications failures, water shortages, floods, hurricanes, typhoons, fires, extreme weather conditions, medical epidemics, acts of terrorism, acts of war and other natural or man-made disasters or business interruptions, for which we are predominantly self-insured. Our corporate headquarters are in Culver City, California near major earthquake faults and fire zones. We attempt to mitigate these risks through various means including redundant infrastructure, disaster recovery plans, separate test systems and change control and system security measures, but our precautions will not protect against all potential problems. If our clients’ access is interrupted because of problems in the operation of our facilities, we could be exposed to significant claims by clients or their patients, particularly if the access interruption is associated with problems in the timely delivery of funds due to clients or medical information relevant to patient care. The occurrence of any of these business disruptions could seriously harm our operations and financial condition and increase our costs and expenses.
As of the date of this prospectus, we serve our clients primarily from third-party data hosting facilities. We do not control the operation of these third-party facilities, and they are vulnerable to damage or interruption from earthquakes, floods, fires, power loss, telecommunications failures and similar events. They are also subject to break-ins, sabotage, intentional acts of vandalism and similar misconduct. Despite precautions taken at these facilities, the occurrence of a natural disaster or a crime, a decision to close the facilities without adequate notice or other unanticipated problems at these facilities could result in lengthy interruptions in our service. Even with the disaster recovery arrangements, our service could be interrupted.
We are planning to transition most of our data hosting to NDO, NantCloud Services, LLC, or NantCloud Services, our recently acquired cloud business and NaviNet, our recently acquired payor-provider collaboration platform. In connection with these transitions, we will be moving, transferring or installing some of our equipment, data and software to and in other facilities. Despite precautions taken during this process, any unsuccessful transfers may impair the delivery of our one or more of our offerings. Further, any damage to, or failure of, our systems generally could result in interruptions in one or more of our offerings. Interruptions in our service may reduce our revenue, cause us to issue credits or pay penalties, may cause clients to terminate one or more of our offerings and may adversely affect our renewal rates and our ability to attract new clients. Our business may also be harmed if our clients and potential clients believe one or more of our offerings are unreliable.
If we fail to develop widespread brand awareness, our business may suffer.
We believe that developing and maintaining widespread awareness of our brand is critical to achieving widespread adoption of our offering and attracting new customers. Brand promotion activities may not generate customer awareness or increase revenue, and even if they do, any increase in revenue may not offset the expenses we incur in building our brand. If we fail to successfully promote and maintain our brand, or incur substantial expenses in doing so, we may fail to attract or retain customers necessary to realize a sufficient return on our brand-building efforts, or to achieve the widespread brand awareness that is critical for broad customer adoption of our offerings.
Our marketing efforts depend significantly on our ability to receive positive references from our existing customers.
Our marketing efforts depend significantly on our ability to call on our current customers to provide positive references to new, potential customers. Given our limited number of long-term customers, the loss or dissatisfaction of any customer could substantially harm our brand and reputation, inhibit the market adoption of our offerings and impair our ability to attract new customers and maintain existing customers. Any of these consequences could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

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If we become subject to product liability or other litigation, we may incur substantial liabilities and may be required to limit commercialization of our current and any future products.
We are from time to time subject to legal proceedings and claims that arise in the ordinary course of business, such as claims brought by our clients in connection with commercial disputes and employment claims made by our current or former employees. For example, two of our former employees filed a complaint against us alleging they were terminated in violation of Florida’s Whistleblower Act and are seeking unspecified damages, including back pay, compensatory damages, punitive damages and attorneys’ fees. Litigation, regardless of merit, may result in substantial costs and may divert management’s attention and resources, which may harm our business.
Our services, some of which involve recommendations and advice to healthcare providers regarding complex business and operational processes, regulatory and compliance issues and patient treatment options, may give rise to liability claims by our members or by third parties who bring claims against us. In addition, third parties, including former employees, have in the past, and may in the future, file lawsuits alleging non-compliance with government regulations. Investigating and defending such claims, even if they lack merit, may require significant time and resources and could damage our reputation and harm our business.
In addition, our home healthcare services business, which includes a skilled nursing facility, employs healthcare providers in the home care setting. Healthcare providers in the home care setting increasingly are the subject of litigation, and we cannot assure you that we would not also be the subject of such litigation based on our offerings. In addition, the marketing, sale and use of our offering could lead to the filing of product liability claims were someone to allege that one or more of our offerings identified inaccurate or incomplete information regarding the genomic alterations of the tumor or malignancy analyzed, reported inaccurate or incomplete information concerning the available therapies for a certain type of cancer, or otherwise failed to perform as designed. We may also be subject to liability for errors in, a misunderstanding of, or inappropriate reliance upon, the information we provide in the ordinary course of our business activities. A product liability claim could result in substantial damages and be costly and time-consuming for us to defend.
We maintain product and other insurance, but this insurance may not fully protect us from the financial impact of defending against product liability or other claims. Any product liability or other claim brought against us, with or without merit, could increase our insurance rates or prevent us from securing insurance coverage in the future. Additionally, any product liability lawsuit could damage our reputation, or cause current clients to terminate existing agreements and potential clients to seek other vendors, any of which could impact our results of operations.
We are subject to changes in and interpretations of financial accounting matters that govern the measurement of our performance, one or more of which could adversely affect our business.
Based on our reading and interpretations of relevant guidance, principles or concepts issued by, among other authorities, the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants, the Financial Accounting Standards Board and the Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC, we believe our current sales and licensing contract terms and business arrangements have been properly reported. However, this guidance involves interpretations, and there continue to be issued interpretations and guidance for applying the relevant standards to a wide range of sales and licensing contract terms and business arrangements that are prevalent in the software industry. For example, we must apply significant judgment to determine whether revenue should be recognized on a gross or net basis for our reseller arrangements, including revenue under our reseller agreement with NantOmics. Disagreement with the regulators as to our current interpretations and any future changes by the regulators of existing accounting standards or changes in our business practices could result in changes in our revenue recognition and/or other accounting policies and practices that could adversely affect our business.
Failure to manage our growth effectively could increase our expenses, decrease our revenue and prevent us from implementing our business strategy.
We have been experiencing a period of growth. To manage our anticipated future growth effectively, we must continue to maintain and may need to enhance our information technology infrastructure, financial and accounting systems and controls and manage expanded operations in geographically-diverse locations. We also must attract, train and retain a significant number of qualified sales and marketing personnel, professional services personnel, software engineers, technical personnel and management personnel. Failure to manage our rapid growth effectively could lead us to over invest or under invest in technology and operations, could result in weaknesses in our infrastructure, systems or controls, could give rise to operational mistakes, losses, loss of productivity or business opportunities, and could result in loss of employees and reduced productivity of remaining employees. Our growth could require significant capital expenditures and may divert financial resources from other projects, such as the development of new services. If our management is unable to effectively manage our growth, our expenses may increase more than expected, our revenue could decline or may grow more slowly than expected, and we may be unable to implement our business strategy.

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The estimates of market opportunity and forecasts of market growth included in this prospectus may prove to be inaccurate, and even if the market in which we compete achieves the forecasted growth, our business could fail to grow at similar rates, if at all.
Market opportunity estimates and growth forecasts are subject to significant uncertainty and are based on assumptions and estimates that may not prove to be accurate. The estimates and forecasts in this prospectus relating to the size and expected growth of the healthcare information technology and molecular analysis markets may prove to be inaccurate. Even if the markets in which we compete meet our size estimates and forecasted growth, our business could fail to grow at similar rates, if at all.
Risks Related to Intellectual Property
We may be unable to adequately protect, and we may incur significant costs in enforcing, our intellectual property and other proprietary rights.
Our success depends in part on our ability to enforce our intellectual property and other proprietary rights. We rely upon a combination of trademark, trade secret, copyright, patent and unfair competition laws, as well as license and access agreements and other contractual provisions, to protect our intellectual property and other proprietary rights. In addition, we attempt to protect our intellectual property and proprietary information by requiring certain of our employees and consultants to enter into confidentiality, noncompetition and assignment of inventions agreements. However, we do not have any written contractual agreements with respect to any intellectual property and technology that relate to our business developed in the future by our Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Dr. Patrick Soon-Shiong. In the event we are unable to protect our intellectual property and proprietary information, including in particular with respect to such property or information created by Dr. Patrick Soon-Shiong, our business would be adversely affected. In addition, our attempts to protect our intellectual property may be challenged by others or invalidated through administrative process or litigation.
We have developed and acquired numerous patents and patent applications and we possess substantial know-how and trade secrets relating to the development and commercialization of healthcare technology products and services. In July 2015, we completed the acquisition of certain assets of HCS which provide clinical systems integration. In January 2016, we acquired NaviNet, a leading payor-provider collaboration platform. As part of these acquisitions, we acquired patents and other intellectual property. As of August 12, 2016, our patent portfolio consists of five issued U.S. patents, including one issued U.S. design patent, and approximately 25 pending U.S. patent applications related to certain of our proprietary technology, inventions and improvements, one issued patent and one pending patent application in jurisdictions outside of the United States, as well as three pending Patent Cooperation Treaty, or PCT, patent applications.
In addition, if any patents are issued in the future, they may not provide us with any competitive advantages, or may be successfully challenged by third parties. Agreement terms that address non-competition are difficult to enforce in many jurisdictions and may not be enforceable in any particular case. To the extent that our intellectual property and other proprietary rights are not adequately protected, third parties might gain access to our proprietary information, develop and market products or services similar to ours, or use trademarks similar to ours, each of which could materially harm our business. Existing United States federal and state intellectual property laws offer only limited protection. Moreover, the laws of other countries in which we now, or may in the future, conduct operations or contract for services may afford little or no effective protection of our intellectual property. Further, our platforms incorporate open source software components that are licensed to us under various public domain licenses. While we believe we have complied with our obligations under the various applicable licenses for open source software that we use, there is little or no legal precedent governing the interpretation of many of the terms of certain of these licenses and therefore the potential impact of such terms on our business is somewhat unknown. The failure to adequately protect our intellectual property and other proprietary rights could materially harm our business.

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The patent application process, also known as patent prosecution, is expensive and time consuming, and we and any future licensors and licensees may not be able to prepare, file and prosecute all necessary or desirable patent applications at a reasonable cost or in a timely manner. It is also possible that we or any future licensors or licensees, will fail to identify patentable aspects of inventions made in the course of development and commercialization activities before it is too late to obtain patent protection on them. Moreover, in some circumstances, we may not have the right to control the preparation, filing and prosecution of patent applications, or to maintain the patents, covering technology that we license from or license to third parties and are therefore reliant on our licensors or licensees. Therefore, these and any of our patents and applications may not be prosecuted and enforced in a manner consistent with the best interests of our business. Defects of form in the preparation or filing of our patents or patent applications may exist, or may arise in the future, for example, with respect to proper priority claims, inventorship, and the like, although we are unaware of any such defects that we believe are of material importance. If we or any future licensors or licensees, fail to establish, maintain or protect such patents and other intellectual property rights, such rights may be reduced or eliminated. If any future licensors or licensees, are not fully cooperative or disagree with us as to the prosecution, maintenance or enforcement of any patent rights, such patent rights could be compromised. If there are material defects in the form, preparation or prosecution of our patents or patent applications, such patents or applications may be invalid and unenforceable. Any of these outcomes could impair our ability to prevent competition from third parties, which may have an adverse impact on our business.
The strength of patent rights involves complex legal and scientific questions and can be uncertain. This uncertainty includes changes to the patent laws through either legislative action to change statutory patent law or court action that may reinterpret existing law or rules in ways affecting the scope or validity of issued patents. The patent applications that we own may fail to result in issued patents in the United States or foreign countries with claims that cover our products or services. Even if patents do successfully issue from the patent applications that we own, third parties may challenge the validity, enforceability or scope of such patents, which may result in such patents being narrowed, invalidated or held unenforceable. Any successful challenge to our patents could deprive us of exclusive rights necessary for the successful commercialization of our products and services. Furthermore, even if they are unchallenged, our patents may not adequately protect our products and services, provide exclusivity for our products and services, or prevent others from designing around our claims. If the breadth or strength of protection provided by the patents we hold or pursue with respect to our products and services is challenged, it could dissuade companies from collaborating with us to develop, or threaten our ability to commercialize, our products and services.
Patents have a limited lifespan. In the United States, the natural expiration of a utility patent is generally 20 years after its effective filing date and the natural expiration of a design patent is generally 14 years after its issue date, unless the filing date occurred on or after May 13, 2015, in which case the natural expiration of a design patent is generally 15 years after its issue date. Various extensions may be available; however, the life of a patent, and the protection it affords, is limited. Without patent protection for our products and services, we may be open to competition. Further, if we encounter delays in our development efforts, the period of time during which we could market our products and services under patent protection would be reduced.
In addition to the protection afforded by patents, we also rely on trade secret protection to protect proprietary know-how that may not be patentable or that we elect not to patent, processes for which patents may be difficult to obtain or enforce, and any other elements of our products and services that involve proprietary know-how, information or technology that is not covered by patents. However, trade secrets can be difficult to protect. If the steps taken to maintain our trade secrets are deemed inadequate, we may have insufficient recourse against third parties for misappropriating any trade secrets. Misappropriation or unauthorized disclosure of our trade secrets could significantly affect our competitive position and may have a material adverse effect on our business. Furthermore, trade secret protection does not prevent competitors from independently developing substantially equivalent information and techniques and we cannot guarantee that our competitors will not independently develop substantially equivalent information and techniques.
Obtaining and maintaining our patent protection depends on compliance with various procedural, documentary, fee payment and other requirements imposed by governmental patent agencies, and our patent protection could be reduced or eliminated for non-compliance with these requirements.
The United States Patent and Trademark Office, or USPTO, and various foreign governmental patent agencies require compliance with a number of procedural, documentary, fee payment and other similar provisions during the patent prosecution process. Periodic maintenance fees and various other governmental fees on any issued patent and/or pending patent applications are due to be paid to the USPTO and foreign patent agencies in several stages over the lifetime of a patent or patent application. We have systems in place to remind us to pay these fees, and we employ an outside firm and rely on our outside counsel to pay these fees. While an inadvertent lapse may sometimes be cured by payment of a late fee or by other means in accordance with the applicable rules, there are many situations in which noncompliance can result in abandonment or lapse of the patent or patent application, resulting in partial or complete loss of patent rights in the relevant jurisdiction. If we fail to maintain the patents and patent applications directed to our products and services, our competitors might be able to enter the market earlier than should otherwise have been the case, which would have a material adverse effect on our business.

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Litigation or other proceedings or third-party claims of intellectual property infringement could require us to spend significant time and money and could prevent us from selling our products and services.
Third parties have asserted and may in the future assert that we are employing their proprietary technology without authorization. As we continue to commercialize our products and services in their current or updated forms, launch new products and services and enter new markets, we expect that competitors will claim that our products and services infringe their intellectual property rights as part of business strategies designed to impede our successful commercialization and entry into new markets. We occasionally receive letters from third parties inviting us to take licenses under, or alleging that we infringe, their patents or trademarks. Third parties may have obtained, and may in the future obtain, patents under which such third parties may claim that the use of our technologies constitutes patent infringement.
We could incur substantial costs and divert the attention of our management and technical personnel in defending ourselves against any of these claims. Any adverse ruling or perception of an adverse ruling in defending ourselves against these claims could have a material adverse impact on our business. Furthermore, parties making claims against us may be able to obtain injunctive or other relief, which could block our ability to develop, commercialize, and sell products or services, and could result in the award of substantial damages against us, potentially including treble damages and attorneys’ fees if we are found to have willfully infringed a patent. In the event of a successful claim of infringement or misappropriation against us, we may be required to pay damages and obtain one or more licenses from third parties, or be prohibited from selling certain products or services, all of which could have a material adverse impact on our business.
In addition, we may be unable to obtain these licenses at a reasonable cost, if at all. We could therefore incur substantial costs related to royalty payments for licenses obtained from third parties, which could negatively affect our gross margins. Even if we were able to obtain a license, it could be non-exclusive, thereby giving our competitors access to the same technologies licensed to us. Moreover, we could encounter delays in product or service introductions while we attempt to develop alternative products or services. Defense of any lawsuit or failure to obtain any of these licenses on favorable terms could prevent us from commercializing products and services, and the prohibition of sale of any of our products and services would materially affect our ability to grow and maintain profitability and have a material adverse impact on our business.
We may become involved in lawsuits to protect or enforce our patents or other intellectual property, which could be expensive, time consuming and ultimately unsuccessful.
Competitors may infringe our patents, trademarks, copyrights or other intellectual property. To counter infringement or unauthorized use, we may be required to file infringement claims, which can be expensive and time consuming and divert the time and attention of our management and scientific personnel. Any claims we assert against perceived infringers could provoke these parties to assert counterclaims against us alleging that we infringe their patents, in addition to counterclaims asserting that our patents are invalid or unenforceable, or both. In any patent infringement proceeding, there is a risk that a court will decide that a patent of ours is invalid or unenforceable, in whole or in part, and that we do not have the right to stop the other party from using the invention at issue. There is also a risk that, even if the validity of such patents is upheld, the court will construe the patent’s claims narrowly or decide that we do not have the right to stop the other party from using the invention at issue on the grounds that our patent claims do not cover the invention. An adverse outcome in a litigation or proceeding involving our patents could limit our ability to assert our patents against those parties or other competitors, and may curtail or preclude our ability to exclude third parties from making and selling similar or competitive products. Any of these occurrences could adversely affect our competitive business position, business prospects and financial condition. Similarly, if we assert trademark infringement claims, a court may determine that the marks we have asserted are invalid or unenforceable, or that the party against whom we have asserted trademark infringement has superior rights to the marks in question. In this case, we could ultimately be forced to cease use of such trademarks.
Even if we establish infringement, the court may decide not to grant an injunction against further infringing activity and instead award only monetary damages, which may or may not be an adequate remedy. Furthermore, because of the substantial amount of discovery required in connection with intellectual property litigation, there is a risk that some of our confidential information could be compromised by disclosure during litigation. There could also be public announcements of the results of hearings, motions or other interim proceedings or developments. If securities analysts or investors perceive these results to be negative, it could have a material adverse effect on the price of shares of our common stock. Moreover, there can be no assurance that we will have sufficient financial or other resources to file and pursue such infringement claims, which typically last for years before they are concluded. Even if we ultimately prevail in such claims, the monetary cost of such litigation and the diversion of the attention of our management and scientific personnel could outweigh any benefit we receive as a result of the proceedings.
We may not be able to protect our intellectual property rights throughout the world.
Third parties may attempt to commercialize competitive products or services in foreign countries where we do not have any patents or patent applications where legal recourse may be limited. This may have a significant commercial impact on our foreign business operations.

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Filing, prosecuting and defending patents on our products and services in all countries throughout the world would be prohibitively expensive, and our intellectual property rights in some countries outside the United States can be less extensive than those in the United States. The requirements for patentability may differ in certain countries, particularly developing countries. For example, Europe has a heightened requirement for patentability of software inventions. Thus, even in countries where we do pursue patent protection, there can be no assurance that any patents will issue with claims that cover our products. In addition, the laws of some foreign countries do not protect intellectual property rights to the same extent as laws in the United States. Consequently, we may not be able to prevent third parties from practicing our inventions in all countries outside the United States. Competitors may use our technologies in jurisdictions where we have not obtained patent protection to develop their own products and services and further, may export otherwise infringing products and services to territories where we have patent protection, but enforcement on infringing activities is inadequate. These products or services may compete with ours, and our patents or other intellectual property rights may not be effective or sufficient to prevent them from competing.
Many companies have encountered significant problems in protecting and defending intellectual property rights in foreign jurisdictions. The legal systems of certain countries, particularly certain developing countries, do not favor the enforcement of patents and other intellectual property protection, which could make it difficult for us to stop the infringement of our patents or marketing of competing products in violation of our proprietary rights generally. Proceedings to enforce our patent rights in foreign jurisdictions could result in substantial costs and divert our efforts and attention from other aspects of our business, could put our patents at risk of being invalidated or interpreted narrowly and our patent applications at risk of not issuing, and could provoke third parties to assert claims against us. We may not prevail in any lawsuits that we initiate and the damages or other remedies awarded, if any, may not be commercially meaningful. In addition, certain countries in Europe and certain developing countries, including India and China, have compulsory licensing laws under which a patent owner may be compelled to grant licenses to third parties. In those countries, we may have limited remedies if our patents are infringed or if we are compelled to grant a license to our patents to a third party, which could materially diminish the value of those patents. This could limit our potential revenue opportunities. Accordingly, our efforts to enforce our intellectual property rights around the world may be inadequate to obtain a significant commercial advantage from the intellectual property that we own or license. Finally, our ability to protect and enforce our intellectual property rights may be adversely affected by unforeseen changes in foreign intellectual property laws.
Developments in U.S. patent law could have a negative impact on our business.
As is the case with other healthcare technology companies, our success is in part dependent on intellectual property, particularly on obtaining and enforcing patents. Obtaining and enforcing patents in the healthcare technology industry involves both technological and legal complexity, and therefore, is costly, time consuming, and inherently uncertain. In addition, the United States has recently enacted and has now implemented wide-ranging patent reform legislation. Further, recent United States Supreme Court rulings have either narrowed the scope of patent protection available in certain circumstances or weakened the rights of patent owners in certain situations. In addition to increasing uncertainty with regard to our ability to obtain patents in the future, this combination of events has created uncertainty with respect to the value of patents, once obtained.
For our United States patent applications containing a claim not entitled to priority before March 16, 2013, there is a greater level of uncertainty in the patent law. In September 2011, the Leahy-Smith America Invents Act, or the America Invents Act, or AIA, was signed into law. The AIA includes a number of significant changes to United States patent law, including provisions that affect the way patent applications will be prosecuted and enforced in any patent litigation. The USPTO developed regulations and procedures to govern administration of the AIA, and many of the substantive changes to patent law associated with the AIA. It is not clear what other, if any, impact the AIA will have on the operation of our business. Moreover, the AIA and its implementation could increase the uncertainties and costs surrounding the prosecution of our patent applications and the enforcement or defense of our issued patents, all of which could have a material adverse effect on our business and financial condition.
An important change introduced by the AIA is that, as of March 16, 2013, the United States transitioned to a “first-to-file” system for deciding which party should be granted a patent when two or more patent applications are filed by different parties claiming the same invention. A third party that files a patent application in the USPTO on or after March 16, 2013 before us could therefore be awarded a patent covering an invention of ours even if we were the first to conceive of the invention. This will require us to be cognizant going forward of the time from invention to filing of a patent application. Furthermore, our ability to obtain and maintain valid and enforceable patents depends on whether the differences between our technology and the prior art allow our technology to be patentable over the prior art. Because patent applications in the United States and most other countries are confidential for a period of time after filing, we cannot be certain that we were the first to either file any patent application related to our products or services, or invent any of the inventions claimed in our patents or patent applications.

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Among some of the other changes introduced by the AIA are changes that limit where a patentee may file a patent infringement suit and provide opportunities for third parties to challenge any issued patent in the USPTO. This applies to all of our United States patents, even those issued before March 16, 2013. Because of a lower evidentiary standard in USPTO proceedings necessary to invalidate a patent claim compared to the evidentiary standard in United States federal court, a third party could potentially provide evidence in a USPTO proceeding sufficient for the USPTO to hold a claim invalid even though the same evidence may be insufficient to invalidate the claim if first presented in a district court action.
Two cases, one involving diagnostic method claims and the other involving “gene patents” were recently decided by the Supreme Court. On March 20, 2012, the Supreme Court issued a decision in Mayo Collaborative v. Prometheus Laboratories , or Prometheus, a case involving patent claims directed to optimizing the amount of drug administered to a specific patient. According to that decision, Prometheus’ claims failed to incorporate sufficient inventive content above and beyond mere underlying natural correlations to allow the claimed processes to qualify as patent-eligible processes that apply natural laws. On June 13, 2013, the Supreme Court subsequently decided Association for Molecular Pathology v. Myriad Genetics , or Myriad, a case brought by multiple plaintiffs challenging the validity of patent claims held by Myriad Genetics, Inc. relating to the breast cancer susceptibility genes BRCA1 and BRCA2, holding that isolated genomic DNA that exists in nature, such as the DNA constituting the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes, is not patentable subject matter, but that cDNA, which is an artificial construct created from RNA transcripts of genes, may be patent eligible.
On July 3, 2012, the USPTO issued a memorandum to patent examiners providing interim guidelines for examining process claims for patent eligibility in view of the Supreme Court decision in Prometheus. The guidance indicates that claims directed to a law of nature, a natural phenomenon, or an abstract idea that do not meet the eligibility requirements should be rejected as non-statutory subject matter.
Furthermore, a case involving financial software was even more recently decided by the Supreme Court. On June 19, 2014, the Supreme Court issued a decision in Alice Corp. Pty. Ltd. v. CLS Bank Int’l , or Alice, a case involving patent claims directed to methods of exchanging obligations as between parties so as to mitigate settlement risk in financial transactions, computer systems configured to carry out the method, and computer-readable media containing program code for performing the method. In Alice, the Court applied the analytic framework from Prometheus and extended its application to all types of claims. According to that decision, Alice Corp.’s claims failed to incorporate sufficient inventive content above and beyond the mere idea of intermediated transaction to allow the claimed processes to qualify as patent-eligible processes that apply the idea in a particular way to solve a problem.
On December 16, 2014, the USPTO issued interim guidelines for examining claims for patent eligibility in view of the Supreme Court decision in Alice. The guidance indicates that claims reciting an abstract idea that do not include significantly more than the idea itself should be rejected as non-statutory subject matter. We cannot assure you that our efforts to seek patent protection for our technology, products, and services will not be negatively impacted by the decision in Alice, rulings in other cases, or changes in guidance or procedures issued by the USPTO.
More specifically, we cannot fully predict what impact the Supreme Court’s decisions in Prometheus, Myriad and Alice may have on the ability of healthcare technology companies or other entities to obtain or enforce patents relating to genomic discoveries, diagnostic products and services or computer-implemented inventions in the future. Despite the USPTO’s guidance described above, these decisions are new and the contours of when certain claims allegedly directed to laws of nature, natural phenomenon or abstract ideas meet the patent eligibility requirements are not clear and may take many years to develop via interpretation in the courts.

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There are many patents claiming diagnostic methods based on similar or related correlations that issued before Prometheus, and although some of these patents may be invalid under the standard set forth in Prometheus, until successfully challenged, these patents are presumed valid and enforceable, and certain third parties could allege that we infringe, or request that we obtain a license to, these patents. Whether based on patents issued prior to or after Prometheus, we could have to defend ourselves against claims of patent infringement, or choose to license rights, if available, under patents claiming such methods. Similarly, there are many patents claiming software and/or business methods that include an abstract idea that issued before Alice, and although some of these patents may be invalid under the standard set forth in Prometheus and Alice, until successfully challenged, these patents are presumed valid and enforceable, and certain third parties could allege that we infringe, or request that we obtain a license to, these patents. Whether based on patents issued prior to or after Alice, we could have to defend ourselves against claims of patent infringement, or choose to license rights, if available, under patents claiming such software or business methods. In any of the foregoing or in other situations involving third-party intellectual property rights, if we are unsuccessful in defending against claims of patent infringement, we could be forced to pay damages or be subjected to an injunction that would prevent us from utilizing the patented subject matter in question if we are unable to obtain a license on reasonable terms. Such outcomes could materially affect our ability to offer our products and have a material adverse impact on our business. Even if we are able to obtain a license or successfully defend against claims of patent infringement, the cost and distraction associated with the defense or settlement of these claims could have a material adverse impact on our business. Moreover, one or more of our pending United States patent applications may be rejected based on the changes in the law and the standards set forth in Prometheus, Myriad, Alice, or other cases. Our ability to secure United States patent rights could be impaired if we cannot overcome such rejections, which could have a material adverse impact on our business. In addition, one or more of our issued United States patents could be challenged on the basis of the law and the standards set forth in Prometheus, Myriad, Alice, or other cases, which could have a material adverse impact on our business. Further, on July 30, 2015, in response to the public comment on the Interim Eligibility Guidance, the USPTO issued an update pertaining to the Interim Eligibility Guidance. The Updated Eligibility Guidance includes additional examples from the case law and is intended to assist examiners in applying the Interim Eligibility Guidance during the patent examination process.
We may be subject to claims that our employees, consultants or independent contractors have wrongfully used or disclosed confidential information of third parties.
We have received confidential and proprietary information from third parties. In addition, we employ individuals who were previously employed at other healthcare companies. We may be subject to claims that we or our employees, consultants or independent contractors have inadvertently or otherwise improperly used or disclosed confidential information of these third parties or our employees’ former employers. Further, we may be subject to ownership disputes in the future arising, for example, from conflicting obligations of consultants or others who are involved in developing our products and services. We may also be subject to claims that former employees, consultants, independent contractors or other third parties have an ownership interest in our patents or other intellectual property. Litigation may be necessary to defend against these and other claims challenging our right to and use of confidential and proprietary information. If we fail in defending any such claims, in addition to paying monetary damages, we may lose our rights therein. Such an outcome could have a material adverse effect on our business. Even if we are successful in defending against these claims, litigation could result in substantial cost and be a distraction to our management and employees.
We rely in part on trademarks to distinguish our products and services from those of other entities. Trademarks may be opposed or cancelled and we may be involved in lawsuits or other proceedings to protect or enforce our trademarks.
We rely on trademarks, in the United States and in certain foreign jurisdictions, to distinguish our products and services in the minds of our customers and our business partners from those of other entities. Third parties may challenge our pending trademark applications through opposition proceedings in the United States, or comparable proceedings in foreign jurisdictions, in which they seek to prevent registration of a mark. Our registered trademarks may be subject to cancellation proceedings in the United States, or comparable proceedings in foreign jurisdictions, in which a third party seeks to cancel an existing registration. To enforce our trademark rights, we may be involved in lawsuits or other proceedings which could be expensive, time-consuming and uncertain.
Our corporate name, NantHealth, and the names of our products and services have not been trademarked in each market where we operate and plan to operate. Our trademark applications for our corporate name or the name of our products and services may not be allowed for registration, and our registered trademarks may not be maintained or enforced. During trademark registration proceedings, we may receive rejections, which we may be unable to overcome in our responses. If we do not secure registrations for our trademarks, we may encounter more difficulty in enforcing them against third parties than we otherwise would.

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Risks Related to Reimbursement and Government Regulation
If we fail to comply with applicable health information privacy and security laws and other state and federal privacy and security laws, we may be subject to significant liabilities, reputational harm and other negative consequences, including decreasing the willingness of current and potential customers to work with us.
We are subject to data privacy and security regulation by both the federal government and the states in which we conduct our business. HIPAA established uniform federal standards for certain “covered entities,” which include certain healthcare providers, healthcare clearinghouses, and health plans, governing the conduct of specified electronic healthcare transactions and protecting the security and privacy of protected health information, or PHI. The Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health Act, or HITECH Act, which became effective on February 17, 2010, makes HIPAA’s security standards directly applicable to “business associates,” which are independent contractors or agents of covered entities that create, receive, maintain, or transmit PHI in connection with providing a service for or on behalf of a covered entity. The HITECH Act also increased the civil and criminal penalties that may be imposed against covered entities, business associates and certain other persons, and gave state attorneys general new authority to file civil actions for damages or injunctions in federal courts to enforce HIPAA’s requirements and seek attorney’s fees and costs associated with pursuing federal civil actions.
A portion of the data that we obtain and handle for or on behalf of our clients is considered PHI, subject to HIPAA. We are also required to maintain similar business associate agreements with our subcontractors that have access to PHI of our customers in rendering services to us or on our behalf. Under HIPAA and our contractual agreements with our HIPAA-covered entity health plan customers, we are considered a “business associate” to those customers, and are required to maintain the privacy and security of PHI in accordance with HIPAA and the terms of our business associate agreements with our clients, including by implementing HIPAA-required administrative, technical and physical safeguards. We have incurred, and will continue to incur, significant costs to establish and maintain these safeguards and, if additional safeguards are required to comply with HIPAA regulations or our clients’ requirements, our costs could increase further, which would negatively affect our operating results. Furthermore, we cannot guarantee that such safeguards have been and will continue to be adequate. If we have failed, or fail in the future, to maintain adequate safeguards, or we or our agents or subcontractors use or disclose PHI in a manner prohibited or not permitted by HIPAA, our subcontractor business associate agreements, or our business associate agreements with our customers, or if the privacy or security of PHI that we obtain and handle is otherwise compromised, we could be subject to significant liabilities and consequences, including, without limitation:

breach of our contractual obligations to clients, which may cause our clients to terminate their relationship with us and may result in potentially significant financial obligations to our clients;
investigation by the federal and state regulatory authorities empowered to enforce HIPAA and other data privacy and security laws, which include the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, or HHS, the Federal Trade Commission and state attorneys general, and the possible imposition of civil and criminal penalties;
private litigation by individuals adversely affected by any misuse of their personal health information for which we are responsible; and
negative publicity, which may decrease the willingness of current and potential future customers to work with us and negatively affect our sales and operating results.
Further, we publish statements to end users of our services that describe how we handle and protect personal information. If federal or state regulatory authorities or private litigants consider any portion of these statements to be untrue, we may be subject to claims of deceptive practices, which could lead to significant liabilities and consequences, including, without limitation, damage to our reputation and costs of responding to investigations, defending against litigation, settling claims and complying with regulatory or court orders.
Federal or state governmental authorities may impose additional data security standards or additional privacy or other restrictions on the collection, use, maintenance, transmission and other disclosures of health information. Legislation has been proposed at various times at both the federal and the state level that would limit, forbid or regulate the use or transmission of medical information outside of the United States. Such legislation, if adopted, may render our use of off-shore partners for work related to such data impracticable or substantially more expensive. Alternative processing of such information within the United States may involve substantial delay in implementation and increased cost.

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If we fail to comply with federal and state healthcare laws and regulations, including those governing submission of false or fraudulent claims to government healthcare programs and financial relationships among healthcare providers, we may be subject to civil and criminal penalties or loss of eligibility to participate in government healthcare programs.
We are subject to certain federal and state laws and regulations designed to protect patients, governmental healthcare programs, and private health plans from fraudulent and abusive activities. These laws include anti-kickback restrictions and laws prohibiting the submission of false or fraudulent claims. These laws are complex and their application to our specific products, services and relationships may not be clear and may be applied to our business in ways that we do not anticipate. Federal and state regulatory and law enforcement authorities have recently increased enforcement activities with respect to Medicare and Medicaid fraud and abuse regulations and other reimbursement laws and rules. From time to time in the future, we may receive inquiries or subpoenas to produce documents in connection with such activities. We could be required to expend significant time and resources to comply with these requests, and the attention of our management team could be diverted to these efforts. Furthermore, third parties have in the past alleged, and may in the future allege that we have sought federal funding in a manner that may violate federal or state law. Though we dispute such allegations, if we are found to be in violation of any federal or state fraud and abuse laws, we could be subject to civil and criminal penalties, and we could be excluded from participating in federal and state healthcare programs such as Medicare and Medicaid. The occurrence of any of these events could significantly harm our business and financial condition.
Provisions in Title XI of the Social Security Act, commonly referred to as the federal Anti-Kickback Statute, prohibit the knowing and willful offer, payment, solicitation or receipt of remuneration, directly or indirectly, in cash or in kind, in return for or to reward the referral of patients or arranging for the referral of patients, or in return for the recommendation, arrangement, purchase, lease or order of items or services that are covered, in whole or in part, by a federal healthcare program such as Medicare or Medicaid. The definition of “remuneration” has been broadly interpreted to include anything of value such as gifts, discounts, rebates, waiver of payments or providing anything at less than its fair market value. Many states have adopted similar prohibitions against kickbacks and other practices that are intended to induce referrals which are applicable to all patients regardless of whether the patient is covered under a governmental health program or private health plan. We attempt to scrutinize our business relationships and activities to comply with the federal Anti-Kickback Statute and similar laws and we attempt to structure our sales and group purchasing arrangements in a manner that is consistent with the requirements of applicable safe harbors to these laws. We cannot assure you, however, that our arrangements will be protected by such safe harbors or that such increased enforcement activities will not directly or indirectly have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations. Any determination by a state or federal agency that any of our activities or those of our vendors or customers violate any of these laws could subject us to civil or criminal penalties, monetary fines, disgorgement, individual imprisonment, contractual damages, reputational harm, diminished profits and future earnings and curtailment of our operations, could require us to change or terminate some portions of operations or business, could disqualify us from providing services to healthcare providers doing business with government programs and, thus, could have an adverse effect on our business.
Our business is also subject to numerous federal and state laws, including without limitation the civil False Claims Act, that forbid the knowing submission or “causing the submission” of false or fraudulent information or the failure to disclose information in connection with the submission and payment of claims for reimbursement to Medicare, Medicaid, federal healthcare programs or private health plans. Analogous state laws and regulations may apply to our arrangements and claims involving healthcare items or services reimbursed by non-governmental third-party payors. Additionally, HIPAA also imposes criminal and civil liability for, among other things, executing a scheme to defraud any healthcare benefit program or making false statements relating to healthcare matters.
These laws and regulations may change rapidly, and it is frequently unclear how they apply to our business. Errors created by our products or consulting services that relate to entry, formatting, preparation or transmission of claim or cost report information may be determined or alleged to be in violation of these laws and regulations. Any failure of our products or services to comply with these laws and regulations could result in substantial civil or criminal liability, monetary fines, disgorgement, individual imprisonment, contractual damages, reputational harm, diminished profits and future earnings and curtailment of our operations, could adversely affect demand for our one or more of our offerings, could invalidate all or portions of some of our customer contracts, could require us to change or terminate some portions of our business, could require us to refund portions of our services fees, could cause us to be disqualified from serving clients doing business with government payors and could have an adverse effect on our business.

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Our activities are also subject to state and federal self-referral laws, including the federal Physician Self-referral Law, commonly known as the Stark Law, which prohibits physicians from referring Medicare or Medicaid patients to providers of “designated health services” with whom the physician or a member of the physician’s immediate family has an ownership interest or compensation arrangement, unless a statutory or regulatory exception applies, and similar state equivalents that may apply regardless of payor. In addition, our activities may also implicate state laboratory licensure laws, as well as the corporate practice of medicine prohibition in certain states that maintain such laws or regulations. Our failure to abide by these state and federal laws could result in substantial fines and penalties.
If commercial third-party payors or government payors fail to provide coverage or adequate reimbursement, or if there is a decrease in the amount of reimbursement for our sequencing and molecular analysis solutions, including GPS Cancer, or future products we develop, if any, our revenue and prospects for profitability would be harmed.
In both domestic and foreign markets, sales of our sequencing and molecular analysis solutions, including GPS Cancer, and other products and services we develop will depend, in large part, upon the availability of reimbursement from third-party payors. These third-party payors include government healthcare programs such as Medicare, managed care providers, private health insurers, and other organizations. In particular, we believe that obtaining a positive national coverage decision and favorable reimbursement rate from the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, or CMS, for our sequencing and molecular analysis solutions, including GPS Cancer, will be a necessary element in achieving material commercial success. Physicians and patients may not order our sequencing and molecular analysis solutions unless commercial third-party payors and government payors pay for all, or a substantial portion, of the list price, and certain commercial third-party payors may not agree to reimburse our sequencing and molecular analysis solutions if CMS does not issue a positive coverage decision.
There is currently no national coverage decision that determines whether and how our sequencing and molecular analysis solutions, including GPS Cancer, is covered by Medicare. In the absence of a national coverage decision, local Medicare contractors, or MACs, that administer the Medicare program in various regions have some discretion in determining local coverage and therefore payment for tests. We do not currently receive any payment for our sequencing and molecular analysis solutions provided to patients covered by Medicare. If CMS or an applicable MAC does not issue a coverage decision with respect to our sequencing and molecular analysis solutions, or if CMS or an applicable MAC withdraws its coverage policies after reimbursement is obtained, reviews and adjusts the rate of reimbursement, or stops paying for our sequencing and molecular analysis solutions altogether, our revenue and results of operations would be adversely affected.
Commercial third-party payors and government payors are increasingly attempting to contain healthcare costs by demanding price discounts or rebates and limiting both coverage on which diagnostic products they will pay for and the amounts that they will pay for new molecular diagnostic products. Because of these cost-containment trends, commercial third-party payors and government payors that currently provide reimbursement for, or in the future cover, our sequencing and molecular analysis solutions, including GPS Cancer, may reduce, suspend, revoke, or discontinue payments or coverage at any time. Further, a payor’s decision to provide coverage for a product or service does not imply that an adequate reimbursement rate will be approved. Additionally, one payor’s determination to provide coverage does not assure that other payors will also provide coverage. Adequate third party reimbursement may not be available to enable us to maintain price levels sufficient to realize an appropriate return on our investment.
As a result, there is significant uncertainty surrounding whether the use of products that incorporate new technology, such as our sequencing and molecular analysis solutions, including GPS Cancer, will be eligible for coverage by commercial third-party payors and government payors or, if eligible for coverage, what the reimbursement rates will be for those products. The fact that a diagnostic product has been approved for reimbursement in the past, for any particular indication or in any particular jurisdiction, does not guarantee that such a diagnostic product will remain approved for reimbursement or that similar or additional diagnostic products will be approved in the future. Reimbursement of NGS-based cancer products by commercial third-party payors and government payors may depend on a number of factors, including a payor’s determination that products enabled by our molecular profiling solution are:

not experimental or investigational;
medically necessary;
appropriate for the specific patient;
cost-effective;
supported by peer-reviewed publications;
included in clinical practice guidelines; and

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supported by clinical utility studies.
As a result, our efforts to receive reimbursement on behalf of patients will take a substantial amount of time and may require the development of clinical data to demonstrate the clinical utility of our products and improve patient outcomes, or commercial third-party payors and government payors may never cover or provide adequate payment for our sequencing and molecular analysis solutions, including GPS Cancer, or future molecular profiling tools we license or develop. Our strategy to achieve broad reimbursement coverage is focused on demonstrating the clinical utility and economic benefits of our sequencing and molecular analysis solutions, engaging with thought leaders, oncologists and other caregivers, patient advocacy groups and other key oncology stakeholders and thereby increasing demand. For example, in January 2016, a large health plan announced that it would provide insurance coverage for GPS Cancer, representing the nation’s first such insurance coverage for a whole genome and proteome molecular diagnostic platform. Even in light of this announcement, however, there is no assurance that we will continue to succeed in any of these areas or that, even if we do succeed, we will receive favorable reimbursement decisions. If adequate third-party reimbursement is unavailable we may not be able to maintain price levels sufficient to realize an appropriate return on investment in product development. Furthermore, if a commercial third-party payor or government payor denies coverage, it may be difficult for us to collect from the patient, and we may not be successful.
In addition, we are generally considered a “non-contracting provider” by commercial third-party payors because we generally have not entered into specific contracts to provide GPS Cancer to their covered patients, and as a result we take on primary responsibility for obtaining reimbursement on behalf of patients. If we were to become a contracting provider with additional payors in the future, the amount of overall reimbursement we receive may decrease if we receive less revenue per product that is reimbursed at a contracted rate than at a non-contracted rate, which could have a negative impact on our revenue. Further, we may be unable to collect payments from patients beyond that which is paid by their coverage and will experience lost revenue as a result.
If we fail to comply with the way states and the FDA regulates tests that are developed, manufactured, validated and performed by laboratories like NantOmics, such failure could result in delay or additional expense in offering our tests and tests that we may develop in the future.
Several states require that we and NantOmics hold laboratory licenses to test specimens from patients in those states. Other states may have similar requirements or may adopt similar requirements in the future. We may be subject to regulation in foreign jurisdictions as we seek to expand international distribution of our offerings, which may require review of our offerings in order to offer our services or may have other limitations such as prohibitions on the export of tissue necessary for us to use our GPS Cancer solution that may limit our ability to distribute outside of the United States.
In addition, NantOmics is subject to the Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments of 1988, or CLIA, a federal law that regulates clinical laboratories that perform testing on specimens derived from humans for the purpose of providing information for the diagnosis, prevention, or treatment of disease. CLIA regulations mandate specific standards in the areas of personnel qualifications, administration, and participation in proficiency testing, patient test management, quality control, quality assurance, and inspections. NantOmics has a current certificate of accreditation under CLIA to conduct our genomic sequencing and molecular analyses through our accreditation by the College of American Pathologists, or CAP. To renew this certificate, NantOmics is subject to survey and inspection every two years. Moreover, CLIA inspectors may make random inspections of NantOmics’ clinical reference laboratory.
Any sanction imposed under CLIA, its implementing regulations, or state or foreign laws or regulations governing licensure, or NantOmics’ failure to renew a CLIA certificate, a state or foreign license, or accreditation, could have a material adverse effect on our business. Most CLIA deficiencies are not classified as “condition-level” deficiencies, and there are no adverse effects upon the laboratory operations as long as the deficiencies are corrected. Remediation of these deficiencies is a routine matter, with corrections occurring within several hours or weeks. More serious CLIA deficiencies could rise to the level of “condition-level” deficiencies, and CMS has the authority to impose a wide range of sanctions, including revocation of the CLIA certification along with a bar on the ownership or operation of a CLIA-certified laboratory by any owners or operators of the deficient laboratory. There is an administrative hearing procedure that can be pursued by the laboratory in the event of imposition of such sanctions, during which the sanctions are stayed, but the process can take a number of years to complete. If NantOmics was to lose its CLIA certification or CAP accreditation, we would not be able to offer our GPS Cancer solution services, which would result in material harm to our business and results of operations.

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While the FDA currently exercises its enforcement discretion for LDTs by not enforcing its regulations, the FDA has stated that it has a mandate to regulate in this field and that it intends to address LDT regulation using a risk-based, phased-in approach similar to the existing in vitro diagnostic framework. Moreover, the FDA could disagree with our current assessment that NantOmics’ sequencing services is a LDT, and could require us or NantOmics to seek clearance or approval for such sequencing services for clinical use. If the FDA requires us or NantOmics to seek clearance or approval to offer NantOmics’ sequencing services for GPS Cancer or any of our future offerings for clinical use, we may not be able to obtain such approvals on a timely basis, or at all. Failure to comply with applicable regulatory requirements can result in enforcement action by the FDA, which may include any of the following sanctions: warning letters; fines; injunctions; civil or criminal penalties; recall or seizure of current or future products; operating restrictions; partial suspension or total shutdown of production; denial of applications; or challenges to clearances or approvals. We cannot provide any assurance that FDA regulation, including premarket review, will not be required for our GPS Cancer solution or any other molecular profiling solution we offer in the future. If premarket review is required, our business could be negatively impacted if we are required to stop selling our molecular profiling solution pending its clearance or approval or if such approval is delayed by new requirements.
Healthcare policy changes, including recently enacted legislation reforming the U.S. healthcare system, may have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
In March 2010, the ACA was enacted in the United States, which made a number of substantial changes in the way healthcare is financed by both governmental and private insurers. Among other things, the ACA:

requires each medical device manufacturer to pay an excise tax equal to 2.3% of the price for which such manufacturer sells its medical devices. This tax may apply to GPS Cancer and some or all of our products which are in development. The excise tax has been temporarily suspended for calendar years 2016 and 2017, but will be reinstated in 2018 without additional Congressional action.
mandates a reduction in payments for clinical laboratory services paid under the Medicare Clinical Laboratory Fee Schedule of 1.75% for the years 2011 through 2015. In addition, a productivity adjustment is made to the fee schedule payment amount.
creates initiatives to promote quality indicators in payment methodologies and the coordination and promotion of research on comparative clinical effectiveness of different technologies and procedures.
We cannot predict whether future healthcare initiatives will be implemented at the federal or state level, or how any future legislation or regulation may affect us. The taxes imposed by the new federal legislation and the expansion of government’s role in the U.S. healthcare industry, as well as changes to the reimbursement amounts paid by payors for our current and future offerings or our medical procedure volumes, may reduce our profits and have a materially adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows. Moreover, Congress has proposed on several occasions to impose a 20% coinsurance on patients for clinical laboratory tests reimbursed under the Medicare Clinical Laboratory Fee Schedule, which would require us to bill patients for these amounts. Because of the relatively low reimbursement for many clinical laboratory tests, in the event that Congress were to ever enact such legislation, the cost of billing and collecting for these tests would often exceed the amount actually received from the patient and effectively increase our costs of billing and collecting.
Further federal, state and foreign legislative and regulatory developments are likely, and we expect ongoing initiatives to increase pressure on pricing for certain products and services in the healthcare industry. Such reforms could have an adverse effect on our anticipated revenues.
We are subject to U.S. and foreign anti-corruption and anti-money laundering laws with respect to our operations and non-compliance with such laws can subject us to criminal and/or civil liability and harm our business.
We are subject to the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, as amended, or the FCPA, the U.S. domestic bribery statute contained in 18 U.S.C. § 201, the U.S. Travel Act, the USA PATRIOT Act, and possibly other state and national anti-bribery and anti-money laundering laws in countries in which we conduct activities. Anti-corruption laws are interpreted broadly and prohibit companies and their employees, agents, third-party intermediaries, joint venture partners and collaborators from authorizing, promising, offering, or providing, directly or indirectly, improper payments or benefits to recipients in the public or private sector. We currently engage in business and sales with government and state-owned hospitals outside of the United States. In addition, we engage third-party intermediaries to promote and sell our products and solutions abroad and/or to obtain necessary permits, licenses, and other regulatory approvals. We or our third-party intermediaries may have direct or indirect interactions with officials and employees of government agencies or state-owned or affiliated entities. We can be held liable for the corrupt or other illegal activities of these third-party intermediaries, our employees, representatives, contractors, partners, and agents, even if we do not explicitly authorize or have actual knowledge of such activities.

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We have adopted an anti-corruption policy that, mandates compliance with the FCPA and other anti-corruption laws applicable to our business throughout the world. However, we cannot assure you that our employees and third-party intermediaries will comply with this policy or such anti-corruption laws. Noncompliance with anti-corruption and anti-money laundering laws could subject us to whistleblower complaints, investigations, sanctions, settlements, prosecution, other enforcement actions, disgorgement of profits, significant fines, damages, other civil and criminal penalties or injunctions, suspension and/or debarment from contracting with certain persons, the loss of export privileges, reputational harm, adverse media coverage, and other collateral consequences. If any subpoenas, investigations, or other enforcement actions are launched, or governmental or other sanctions are imposed, or if we do not prevail in any possible civil or criminal litigation, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially harmed. In addition, responding to any action will likely result in a materially significant diversion of management’s attention and resources and significant defense and compliance costs and other professional fees. In certain cases, enforcement authorities may even cause us to appoint an independent compliance monitor which can result in added costs and administrative burdens.
We are subject to governmental export and import controls that could impair our ability to compete in international markets due to licensing requirements and subject us to liability if we are not in compliance with applicable laws.
Our products and solutions are subject to export control and import laws and regulations, including the U.S. Export Administration Regulations, U.S. Customs regulations, and various economic and trade sanctions regulations administered by the U.S. Treasury Department’s Office of Foreign Assets Controls. Exports of our products and solutions outside of the United States must be made in compliance with these laws and regulations. If we fail to comply with these laws and regulations, we and certain of our employees could be subject to substantial civil or criminal penalties, including the possible loss of export or import privileges, fines, which may be imposed on us and responsible employees or managers and, in extreme cases, the incarceration of responsible employees or managers.
In addition, changes in our products or solutions or changes in applicable export or import laws and regulations may create delays in the introduction, provision, or sale of our products and solutions in international markets, prevent customers from using our products and solutions or, in some cases, prevent the export or import of our products and solutions to certain countries, governments or persons altogether. Any limitation on our ability to export, provide, or sell our products and solutions could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
We may be subject to fines, penalties or legal liability, if it is determined that we are practicing medicine without a license through our eviti or molecular analysis solutions.
State laws prohibit the practice of medicine without a license. Our eviti reports delivered to physicians provide information regarding FDA-approved therapies and clinical trials that oncologists may use in making treatment decisions for their patients, and our GPS Cancer reports provide detailed genomic and proteomic data about a patient and can make personalized therapy recommendations based on that data. We make members of our organization available to clinicians to discuss the information provided in the report. Our customer service representatives provide support to our clients, including assistance in interpreting the results of the eviti and GPS Cancer reports. A governmental authority or third party could allege that the identification of available therapies and clinical trials in our reports and the related customer service we provide constitute the practice of medicine. A state may seek to have us discontinue the inclusion of certain aspects of our reports or the related services we provide or subject us to fines, penalties, or licensure requirements. Any determination that we are practicing medicine without a license may result in significant liability to us and harm to our reputation and eviti and GPS Cancer businesses.
Errors or illegal activity on the part of our clients may result in claims against us.
We rely on our clients, and we contractually obligate them, to provide us with accurate and appropriate data and directives for our actions. We rely upon our clients, as users of our Systems Infrastructure and NantOS, for key activities to produce proper claims for reimbursement. Failure of clients to provide these data and directives or to perform these activities may result in claims against us that our reliance was misplaced.
Our services present the potential for embezzlement, identity theft or other similar illegal behavior by our employees or subcontractors with respect to third parties.
Our services also involve the use and disclosure of personal and business information that could be used to impersonate third parties or otherwise gain access to their data or funds. If any of our employees or subcontractors takes, converts or misuses such funds, documents or data, we could be liable for damages, and our business reputation could be damaged or destroyed.


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Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities
None.
Use of Proceeds
Our initial public offering of 6,900,000 shares of common stock was effected through a registration statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-211196), which was declared effective on June 1, 2016. Our initial public offering closed on June 7, 2016 and resulted in net proceeds of approximately $83.2 million, after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions of approximately $4.9 million and other offering expenses of approximately $8.4 million. No payments for such expenses were made directly or indirectly to any of our officers or directors.

Jefferies LLC, Cowen and Company, LLC, First Analysis Securities Corporation, Canaccord Genuity Inc. and FBR Capital Markets & Co. acted as the underwriters. There has been no material change in the planned use of proceeds from our initial public offering as described in our final prospectus filed with the SEC on June 3, 2016 pursuant to Rule 424(b) of the Securities Act.
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities
Not applicable
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures
Not applicable.
Item 5. Other Information
None.


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Item 6. Exhibits
The exhibits listed in the accompanying index to exhibits are filed as part of, or incorporated by reference into, this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
 
 
 
 
Incorporated by Reference
 
 
Number
 
Exhibit Title
 
Form
 
File No.
 
Filing
 
Filed
Date
Herewith
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
3.1
 
Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
X
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
3.2
 
Amended and Restated Bylaws.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
X
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
10.1+
 
Amended and Restated NantOmics Exclusive Reseller Agreement, dated as of May 9, 2016, by and between the Registrant and NantOmics, LLC.
 
S-1/A
 
333-211196
 
June 1, 2016
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
10.2+
 
NantHealth License Agreement, dated June 19, 2015, by and between the Registrant and NantOmics, LLC, as amended.
 
S-1/A
 
333-211196
 
June 1, 2016
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
10.3#
 
2016 Equity Incentive Plan and form of agreement thereunder.
 
S-1
 
333-211196
 
May 6, 2016
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
10.4#
 
2016 Executive Incentive Compensation Plan.
 
S-1
 
333-211196
 
May 6, 2016
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
10.5
 
Amended and Restated Promissory Note, between Registrant and NantCapital LLC, dated May 9, 2016.
 
S-1/A
 
333-211196
 
May 11, 2016
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
10.6
 
Amended and Restated Promissory Note, between Registrant and NantOmics, LLC, dated May 23, 2016.
 
S-1/A
 
333-211196
 
May 24, 2016
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
10.7
 
Side Letter Agreement, between Registrant and NantWorks, LLC, dated May 22, 2016.
 
S-1/A
 
333-211196
 
May 23, 2016
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
31.1
 
Certification of Principal Executive Officer required by Rule 13a-14(a) or Rule 15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
X
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
31.2
 
Certification of Principal Financial Officer required by Rule 13a-14(a) or Rule 15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
X
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
32.1
 
Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.*
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
X
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
32.2
 
Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.*
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
X
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
101.INS**
 
XBRL Instance Document.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
101.SCH**
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
101.CAL**
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
101.DEF**
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
101.LAB**
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
101.PRE**
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
#    Represents a management contract or compensatory plan.

+    Confidential treatment requested with respect to certain portions of this exhibit. Omitted portions filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

*    As contemplated by SEC Release No. 33-8212, these exhibits are furnished with this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and are not deemed filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission and are not incorporated by reference in any filing of NantHealth, Inc. under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, whether made before or after the date hereof and irrespective of any general incorporation language contained in such filings.

**    To be filed by amendment.

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SIGNATURES


Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

NantHealth, Inc.

(Registrant)

 
 
 
Date: August 15, 2016
 
/s/ Paul Holt
 
 
Paul Holt
 
 
Chief Financial Officer
 
 
(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)
 
 
 


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Exhibit 3.1
AMENDED AND RESTATED
CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION OF
NANTHEALTH, INC.
NantHealth, Inc., a corporation organized and existing under the laws of the State of Delaware (the “ Corporation ”), certifies that:
A.
The Corporation was first formed on July 7, 2010 as “About Advanced Health, LLC” in Delaware as a Limited Liability Company and was converted into NantHealth, Inc. on June 1, 2016.
B.
The name of the Corporation is NantHealth, Inc.
C.
This Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation (this “ Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation ”) was duly adopted in accordance with Sections 242 and 245 of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware, and has been duly approved by the written consent of the stockholders of the Corporation in accordance with Section 228 of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware.
D.
The text of the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation is amended and restated to read as set forth in Exhibit A attached hereto.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, NantHealth, Inc. has caused this Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation to be signed by Patrick Soon-Shiong, a duly authorized officer of the Corporation, on June 7, 2016.

/s/ Patrick Soon-Shiong    
Patrick Soon-Shiong
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

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EXHIBIT A
ARTICLE I
The name of the corporation is NantHealth, Inc. (the “ Corporation ”).
ARTICLE II
    
The address of the Corporation’s registered office in the State of Delaware is 160 Greentree Drive, Suite #101 in the city of Dover, County of Kent, Delaware 19904. The name of its registered agent at such address is National Registered Agents, Inc.
ARTICLE III
    
The nature of the business or purposes to be conducted or promoted by the Corporation is to engage in any lawful act or activity for which corporations may be organized under the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware (“ DGCL ”).
ARTICLE IV
    
Section 1.    This Corporation is authorized to issue two classes of stock, to be designated, respectively, Common Stock and Preferred Stock. The total number of shares of stock that the Corporation shall have authority to issue is 770,000,000 shares, of which 750,000,000 shares are Common Stock, $0.0001 par value per share, and 20,000,000 shares are Preferred Stock, $0.0001 par value per share.
Section 2.    Each share of Common Stock shall entitle the holder thereof to one (1) vote.
Section 3.    The Preferred Stock may be issued from time to time in one or more series pursuant to a resolution or resolutions providing for such issue duly adopted by the Board of Directors (authority to do so being hereby expressly vested in the Board of Directors). The Board of Directors is further authorized, subject to limitations prescribed by law, to fix by resolution or resolutions the designations, powers, preferences and rights, and the qualifications, limitations or restrictions thereof, of any wholly unissued series of Preferred Stock, including, without limitation, authority to fix by resolution or resolutions the dividend rights, dividend rate, conversion rights, voting rights, rights and terms of redemption (including sinking fund provisions), redemption price or prices, and liquidation preferences of any such series, and the number of shares constituting any such series and the designation thereof, or any of the foregoing. The Board of Directors is further authorized to increase (but not above the total number of authorized shares of the class) or decrease (but not below the number of shares of any such series then outstanding) the number of shares of any series, the number of which was fixed by it, subject to the powers, preferences and rights, and the qualifications, limitations and restrictions thereof stated in this Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation or the resolution of the Board of Directors originally fixing the number of shares of such series.

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Section 4.    The number of authorized shares of Preferred Stock or Common Stock may be increased or decreased (but not below the number of shares thereof then outstanding) by the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the voting power of the outstanding shares of the Corporation entitled to vote, irrespective of the provisions of Section 242(b)(2) of the DGCL (or any successor provision thereto), voting together as a single class, without a separate vote of the holders of shares of the class or classes the number of authorized shares of which are being increased or decreased, unless a vote by any holders of one or more series of Preferred Stock is required by the express terms of any series of Preferred Stock as provided for or fixed pursuant to the provisions of Section 3 of this Article IV (or any certificate of designation with respect thereto). Except as otherwise required by law or provided in this Section 4, holders of Common Stock shall not be entitled to vote on any amendment to this Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation (including any certificate of designation filed with respect to any series of Preferred Stock) that relates solely to the terms of one or more outstanding series of Preferred Stock if the holders of such affected series are entitled, either separately or together as a class with the holders of one or more other such series, to vote thereon by law or pursuant to this Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation (including any certificate of designation filed with respect to any series of Preferred Stock).
ARTICLE V
    
Subject to the rights of holders of Preferred Stock, the number of directors that constitutes the entire Board of Directors of the Corporation shall be fixed solely by resolution of the majority of the Whole Board. For purposes of this Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, the term “ Whole Board ” shall mean the total number of authorized directors whether or not there exist any vacancies in the previously authorized directorships. At each annual meeting of stockholders, directors of the Corporation shall be elected to hold office until the next annual meeting of stockholders and until their successors have been duly elected and qualified or until their earlier resignation or removal; except that if any such meeting shall not be so held, such election shall take place at a stockholders’ meeting called and held in accordance with the DGCL or by written consent in lieu of an annual meeting pursuant to Section 211(b) of the DGCL and Article VIII hereof.
ARTICLE VI
    
Except as otherwise provided for or fixed by or pursuant to the provisions of Article IV hereof in relation to the rights of the holders of Preferred Stock to elect directors under specified circumstances or as provided by resolution of the Board of Directors, newly created directorships resulting from any increase in the number of directors, created in accordance with the Bylaws of the Corporation, and any vacancies on the Board of Directors resulting from death, resignation, disqualification, removal or other cause shall be filled only by the affirmative vote of a majority of the remaining directors then in office, even though less than a quorum of the Board of Directors, or by a sole remaining director, and not by the stockholders. A person so elected by the Board of Directors to fill a vacancy or newly created directorship shall hold office until the next election of the class for which such director shall have been chosen until his or her successor shall have been duly elected and qualified, or until such director’s

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earlier death, resignation or removal. No decrease in the number of directors constituting the Board of Directors shall shorten the term of any incumbent director.
ARTICLE VII
    
Section 1.    The Corporation is to have perpetual existence.
Section 2.    The business and affairs of the Corporation shall be managed by or under the direction of the Board of Directors. In addition to the powers and authority expressly conferred upon them by statute or by this Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation or the Bylaws of the Corporation, the directors are hereby empowered to exercise all such powers and do all such acts and things as may be exercised or done by the Corporation.
Section 3.    In furtherance and not in limitation of the powers conferred by statute, the Board of Directors is expressly authorized to adopt, alter, amend or repeal the Bylaws of the Corporation. The affirmative vote of at least a majority of the Whole Board shall be required in order for the Board of Directors to adopt, amend, alter or repeal the Corporation’s Bylaws. The Corporation’s Bylaws may also be adopted, amended, altered or repealed by the stockholders of the Corporation. Notwithstanding the above or any other provision of this Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, the Bylaws of the Corporation may not be amended, altered or repealed except in accordance with Article X of the Bylaws. No Bylaw hereafter legally adopted, amended, altered or repealed shall invalidate any prior act of the directors or officers of the Corporation that would have been valid if such Bylaw had not been adopted, amended, altered or repealed.
Section 4.    The election of directors need not be by written ballot unless the Bylaws of the Corporation shall so provide.
Section 5.    No stockholder will be permitted to cumulate votes at any election of directors.
ARTICLE VIII
    
Section 1.    Any action required or permitted to be taken at an annual or special meeting of stockholders may be taken without a meeting if a consent or consents in writing, setting forth the action so taken, shall be signed by holders of record on the record date (established in the manner provided in Section 2 of this Article VIII) of outstanding shares of the Corporation having not less than the minimum number of votes that would be necessary to authorize or take such action at a meeting at which all shares entitled to vote thereon were present and voted, but only if such action is taken in accordance with the provisions of this Article VIII, the Bylaws of the Corporation and applicable law; provided, however , that in the case of the election or removal of directors by written consent, such consent shall be effective only if signed by the holders of all outstanding shares entitled to vote for the election of directors.
Section 2.    In order that the Corporation may determine the stockholders entitled to consent to corporate action in writing without a meeting, the Board of Directors may fix a record date, which

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record date shall not precede the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted by the Board of Directors, and which record date shall not be more than ten days after the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted by the Board of Directors. Any stockholder of record seeking to have the stockholders authorize or take corporate action by written consent shall, by written notice to the attention of the Secretary of the Corporation, request the Board of Directors to fix a record date. The Board of Directors shall promptly, but in all events within ten days after the date on which such a request is received, adopt a resolution fixing the record date (unless a record date has previously been fixed by the Board of Directors pursuant to the first sentence of this Section 2 of Article VIII). If no record date has been fixed by the Board of Directors within ten days of the date on which such a request is received, the record date for determining stockholders entitled to consent to corporate action in writing without a meeting, when no prior action by the Board of Directors is required by applicable law, shall be the first date on which a signed written consent setting forth the action taken or proposed to be taken is delivered to the Corporation by delivery to its registered office in the State of Delaware, its principal place of business, or an officer or agent of the Corporation having custody of the book in which proceedings of meetings of stockholders are recorded. If no record date has been fixed by the Board of Directors and prior action by the Board of Directors is required by applicable law, the record date for determining stockholders entitled to consent to corporate action in writing without a meeting shall be at the close of business on the date on which the Board of Directors adopts the resolution taking such prior action.
ARTICLE IX
    
Section 1.    Special meetings of stockholders of the Corporation may be called only by the Chairperson of the Board of Directors, the Chief Executive Officer, the President or the Board of Directors acting pursuant to a resolution adopted by a majority of the Whole Board, and any power of stockholders to call a special meeting of stockholders is specifically denied. Only such business shall be considered at a special meeting of stockholders as shall have been stated in the notice for such meeting.
Section 2.    Advance notice of stockholder nominations for the election of directors and of business to be brought by stockholders before any meeting of the stockholders of the Corporation shall be given in the manner and to the extent provided in the Bylaws of the Corporation.
ARTICLE X
    
Section 1.    To the fullest extent permitted by the DGCL as the same exists or as may hereafter be amended from time to time, a director of the Corporation shall not be personally liable to the Corporation or its stockholders for monetary damages for breach of fiduciary duty as a director. If the DGCL is amended to authorize corporate action further eliminating or limiting the personal liability of directors, then the liability of a director of the Corporation shall be eliminated or limited to the fullest extent permitted by the DGCL, as so amended.

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Section 2.     The Corporation shall indemnify, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, any director or officer of the Corporation who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative (a “ Proceeding ”) by reason of the fact that he or she is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of the Corporation or is or was serving at the request of the Corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, including service with respect to employee benefit plans, against expenses (including attorneys' fees), judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by such person in connection with any such Proceeding. The Corporation shall be required to indemnify a person in connection with a Proceeding (or part thereof) initiated by such person only if the Proceeding (or part thereof) was authorized by the Board of Directors.
Section 3.     The Corporation shall have the power to indemnify, to the extent permitted by applicable law, any employee or agent of the Corporation who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any Proceeding by reason of the fact that he or she is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of the Corporation or is or was serving at the request of the Corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, including service with respect to employee benefit plans, against expenses (including attorneys' fees), judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by such person in connection with any such Proceeding.
Section 4.    Neither any amendment nor repeal of any Section of this Article X, nor the adoption of any provision of this Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation or the Bylaws of the Corporation inconsistent with this Article X, shall eliminate or reduce the effect of this Article X in respect of any matter occurring, or any cause of action, suit, claim or proceeding accruing or arising or that, but for this Article X, would accrue or arise, prior to such amendment, repeal or adoption of an inconsistent provision.
ARTICLE XI
    
Meetings of stockholders may be held within or outside of the State of Delaware, as the Bylaws may provide. The books of the Corporation may be kept (subject to any provision contained in the statutes) outside of the State of Delaware at such place or places as may be designated from time to time by the Board of Directors or in the Bylaws of the Corporation.
ARTICLE XII
    
Unless the Corporation consents in writing to the selection of an alternative forum and to the fullest extent permitted by law, the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware (or, if such court lacks jurisdiction, any other state or federal court located within the State of Delaware) shall be the sole and exclusive forum for (A) any derivative action or proceeding brought on behalf of the Corporation, (B) any action or proceeding asserting a claim of breach of a fiduciary duty owed by any director, officer or other employee of the Corporation to the Corporation or the Corporation’s stockholders, (C) any

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action or proceeding asserting a claim arising pursuant to any provision of the DGCL or the Corporation’s Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation or Bylaws, or (D) any action or proceeding asserting a claim governed by the internal affairs doctrine; in all cases subject to the court’s having personal jurisdiction over the indispensable parties named as defendants.
ARTICLE XIII
    
The Corporation shall not be governed by the provisions of Section 203 of the DGCL.
ARTICLE XIV
    
The provisions of this Article XIV are set forth to define, to the extent permitted by applicable law, the duties of Exempted Persons (as defined below) to the Corporation with respect to certain classes or categories of business opportunities. “ Exempted Persons ” means NantWorks, LLC and its affiliates and all of their respective partners, principals, directors, officers, members, managers and/or employees, including any of the foregoing who serve as officers or directors of the Corporation.
To the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, the Corporation, on behalf of itself and its subsidiaries, renounces any interest or expectancy of the Corporation and its subsidiaries in, or in being offered an opportunity to participate in, business opportunities that are from time to time presented to the Exempted Persons (other than those opportunities presented to an Exempted Person explicitly in his or her capacity as a director or officer of the Corporation), even if the opportunity is one that the Corporation or its subsidiaries might reasonably be deemed to have pursued or had the ability or desire to pursue if granted the opportunity to do so, and each such Exempted Person shall have no duty to communicate or offer such business opportunity to the Corporation and, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, shall not be liable to the Corporation or any of its subsidiaries for breach of any fiduciary or other duty, as a director or officer or otherwise, by reason of the fact that such Exempted Person pursues or acquires such business opportunity, directs such business opportunity to another person or fails to present such business opportunity, or information regarding such business opportunity, to the Corporation or its subsidiaries.
In addition to and notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Article XIV, a corporate opportunity shall not be deemed to belong to the Corporation if it is a business opportunity that the Corporation is not financially able or contractually permitted or legally able to undertake, or that is, from its nature, not in the line of the Corporation’s business or is of no practical advantage to it or that is one in which the Corporation has no interest or reasonable expectancy.
No amendment or repeal of this Article XIV in accordance with the provisions of Article XV shall apply to or have any effect on the liability or alleged liability of any Exempted Person for or with respect to any activities or opportunities of which such Exempted Person becomes aware prior to such amendment or repeal. This Article XIV shall not limit any protections or defenses available to, or indemnification or advancement rights of, any director or officer of the Corporation under this Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, the Corporation’s Bylaws or applicable law.

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ARTICLE XV
    
The Corporation reserves the right to amend or repeal any provision contained in this Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation in the manner prescribed by the laws of the State of Delaware and all rights conferred upon stockholders are granted subject to this reservation; provided , however , that notwithstanding any other provision of this Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation or any provision of law that might otherwise permit a lesser vote or no vote, the Board of Directors acting pursuant to a resolution adopted by a majority of the Whole Board and the affirmative vote of sixty-six and two-thirds percent (66 2/3%) of the voting power of the then outstanding voting securities of the Corporation, voting together as a single class, shall be required for the amendment, repeal or modification of the provisions of, or adoption of any provision inconsistent with, Section 3 of Article IV, Article VI, Section 5 of Article VII, Article VIII, Article IX, Article XII, Article XIII, Article XIV, or Article XV of this Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation.
***

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Exhibit 3.2




FORM OF
AMENDED AND RESTATED BYLAWS OF
NANTHEALTH, INC.
(as amended and restated on June 7, 2016, and effective immediately as of the
closing of the corporation’s initial public offering)

































TABLE OF CONTENTS

 
 
 
Page
ARTICLE I — CORPORATE OFFICES
1

1.1
 
REGISTERED OFFICE
1

1.2
 
OTHER OFFICES
1

ARTICLE II — MEETINGS OF STOCKHOLDERS
1

2.1
 
PLACE OF MEETINGS
1

2.2
 
ANNUAL MEETING
1

2.3
 
SPECIAL MEETING
1

2.4
 
ADVANCE NOTICE PROCEDURES
2

2.5
 
NOTICE OF STOCKHOLDERS’ MEETINGS
6

2.6
 
QUORUM
6

2.7
 
ADJOURNED MEETING; NOTICE
6

2.8
 
CONDUCT OF BUSINESS
7

2.9
 
VOTING
7

2.10
 
STOCKHOLDER ACTION BY WRITTEN CONSENT WITHOUT A MEETING
7

2.11
 
RECORD DATES
7

2.12
 
PROXIES
8

2.13
 
LIST OF STOCKHOLDERS ENTITLED TO VOTE
8

2.14
 
INSPECTORS OF ELECTION
9

ARTICLE III — DIRECTORS
9

3.1
 
POWERS
9

3.2
 
NUMBER OF DIRECTORS
9

3.3
 
ELECTION, QUALIFICATION AND TERM OF OFFICE OF DIRECTORS
10

3.4
 
RESIGNATION AND VACANCIES
10

3.5
 
PLACE OF MEETINGS; MEETINGS BY TELEPHONE
10

3.6
 
REGULAR MEETINGS
11

3.7
 
SPECIAL MEETINGS; NOTICE
11

3.8
 
QUORUM; VOTING
11

3.9
 
BOARD ACTION BY WRITTEN CONSENT WITHOUT A MEETING
12

3.10
 
FEES AND COMPENSATION OF DIRECTORS
12

3.11
 
REMOVAL OF DIRECTORS
12

ARTICLE IV — COMMITTEES
12

4.1
 
COMMITTEES OF DIRECTORS
12

4.2
 
COMMITTEE MINUTES
12

4.3
 
MEETINGS AND ACTION OF COMMITTEES
13

4.4
 
SUBCOMMITTEES
13

ARTICLE V — OFFICERS
14

5.1
 
OFFICERS
14

5.2
 
APPOINTMENT OF OFFICERS
14

5.3
 
SUBORDINATE OFFICERS
14



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TABLE OF CONTENTS
(continued)

 
 
 
Page
5.4
 
REMOVAL AND RESIGNATION OF OFFICERS
14

5.5
 
VACANCIES IN OFFICES
14

5.6
 
REPRESENTATION OF SHARES OR INTERESTS OF OTHER CORPORATIONS OR ENTITIES
14

5.7
 
AUTHORITY AND DUTIES OF OFFICERS
15

ARTICLE VI — STOCK
15

6.1
 
STOCK CERTIFICATES; PARTLY PAID SHARES
15

6.2
 
SPECIAL DESIGNATION ON CERTIFICATES
15

6.3
 
LOST, STOLEN OR DESTROYED CERTIFICATES
16

6.4
 
DIVIDENDS
16

6.5
 
TRANSFER OF STOCK
16

6.6
 
STOCK TRANSFER AGREEMENTS
16

6.7
 
REGISTERED STOCKHOLDERS
17

ARTICLE VII — MANNER OF GIVING NOTICE AND WAIVER
17

7.1
 
NOTICE OF STOCKHOLDERS’ MEETINGS
17

7.2
 
NOTICE BY ELECTRONIC TRANSMISSION
17

7.3
 
NOTICE TO STOCKHOLDERS SHARING AN ADDRESS
18

7.4
 
NOTICE TO PERSON WITH WHOM COMMUNICATION IS UNLAWFUL
18

7.5
 
WAIVER OF NOTICE
18

ARTICLE VIII — INDEMNIFICATION
19

8.1
 
INDEMNIGICATION OF DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS IN THIRD PARY PTOCEEDINGS
19

8.2
 
INDEMNIFICATION OF DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS IN ACTIONS BY OR IN THE RIGHT OF THE CORPORATOIN
19

8.3
 
SUCCESSFUL DEFENSE
19

8.4
 
INDEMNIFICATION OF OTHERS; ADVANCE PAYMENT TO OTHERS
20

8.5
 
ADVANCE PAYMENT OF EXPENSES
20

8.6
 
LIMITATION ON INDEMNIFICATION
20

8.7
 
DETERMINATION; CLAIM
21

8.8
 
NON-EXCLUSIVITY OF RIGHTS
21

8.9
 
INSURANCE
21

8.10
 
SURVIVAL
21

8.11
 
EFFECT OF REPEAL OR MODIFICATION
22

8.12
 
CERTAIN DEFINITIONS
22

ARTICLE IX — GENERAL MATTERS
22

9.1
 
EXECUTION OF CORPORATE CONTRACTS AND INSTRUMENTS
22

9.2
 
FISCAL YEAR
22

9.3
 
SEAL
22

9.4
 
CONSTRUCTION; DEFINITIONS
23

ARTICLE X — AMENDMENTS
23


    
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AMENDED AND RESTATED BYLAWS OF NANTHEALTH, INC.
 

ARTICLE I — CORPORATE OFFICES
1.1 REGISTERED OFFICE
The registered office of NantHealth, Inc. shall be fixed in the corporation’s certificate of incorporation. References in these bylaws to the certificate of incorporation shall mean the certificate of incorporation of the corporation, as amended from time to time, including the terms of any certificates of designation of any series of Preferred Stock.
1.2 OTHER OFFICES
The corporation may at any time establish other offices at any place or places.
ARTICLE II — MEETINGS OF STOCKHOLDERS
2.1 PLACE OF MEETINGS
Meetings of stockholders shall be held at any place, within or outside the State of Delaware, designated by the board of directors. The board of directors may, in its sole discretion, determine that a meeting of stockholders shall not be held at any place, but may instead be held solely by means of remote communication as authorized by Section 211(a)(2) of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware (the “ DGCL ”). In the absence of any such designation or determination, stockholders’ meetings shall be held at the corporation’s principal executive office.
2.2 ANNUAL MEETING
The annual meeting of stockholders shall be held on such date, at such time, and at such place (if any) within or without the State of Delaware as shall be designated from time to time by the board of directors and stated in the corporation’s notice of the meeting. At the annual meeting, directors shall be elected and any other proper business, brought in accordance with Section 2.4 of these bylaws, may be transacted.
2.3 SPECIAL MEETING
(i) A special meeting of the stockholders, other than those required by statute, may be called at any time only by (A) the affirmative vote of a majority of the Whole Board, (B) the chairperson of the board of directors, (C) the chief executive officer or (D) the president. A special meeting of the stockholders may not be called by any other person or persons. The board of directors, by the affirmative vote of a majority of the Whole Board, may cancel, postpone or reschedule any previously scheduled special meeting at any time, before or after the notice for such meeting has been sent to the stockholders. For purposes of these bylaws, the term “ Whole Board ” shall mean the total number of authorized directors whether or not there exist any vacancies in previously authorized directorships.

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(ii) The notice of a special meeting shall include the purpose for which the meeting is called. Only such business shall be conducted at a special meeting of stockholders as shall have been brought before the meeting by or at the direction of the board of directors, the chairperson of the board of directors, the chief executive officer or the president. Nothing contained in this Section 2.3(ii) shall be construed as limiting, fixing or affecting the time when a meeting of stockholders called by action of the board of directors may be held.
2.4 ADVANCE NOTICE PROCEDURES
(i) Advance Notice of Stockholder Business. At an annual meeting of the stockholders, only such business shall be conducted as shall have been properly brought before the meeting. To be properly brought before an annual meeting, business must be brought: (A) pursuant to the corporation’s proxy materials with respect to such meeting, (B) by or at the direction of the board of directors, or (C) by a stockholder of the corporation who (1) is a stockholder of record at the time of the giving of the notice required by this Section 2.4(i) and on the record date for the determination of stockholders entitled to vote at the annual meeting and (2) has timely complied in proper written form with the notice procedures set forth in this Section 2.4(i). In addition, for business to be properly brought before an annual meeting by a stockholder, such business must be a proper matter for stockholder action pursuant to these bylaws and applicable law. Except for proposals properly made in accordance with Rule 14a-8 under the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, and the rules and regulations thereunder (as so amended and inclusive of such rules and regulations, the “ 1934 Act ”), clause (C) above shall be the exclusive means for a stockholder to bring business before an annual meeting of stockholders.
(a) To comply with clause (C) of Section 2.4(i) above, a stockholder’s notice must set forth all information required under this Section 2.4(i) and must be timely received by the secretary of the corporation. To be timely, a stockholder’s notice must be received by the secretary at the principal executive offices of the corporation not later than the 45th day nor earlier than the 75th day before the one-year anniversary of the date on which the corporation first mailed its proxy materials or a notice of availability of proxy materials (whichever is earlier) for the preceding year’s annual meeting; provided , however , that in the event that no annual meeting was held in the previous year or if the date of the annual meeting is advanced by more than 30 days prior to or delayed by more than 60 days after the one-year anniversary of the date of the previous year’s annual meeting, then, for notice by the stockholder to be timely, it must be so received by the secretary not earlier than the close of business on the 120th day prior to such annual meeting and not later than the close of business on the later of (i) the 90th day prior to such annual meeting, or (ii) the tenth day following the day on which Public Announcement (as defined below) of the date of such annual meeting is first made. In no event shall any adjournment or postponement of an annual meeting or the announcement thereof commence a new time period for the giving of a stockholder’s notice as described in this Section 2.4(i)(a). “ Public Announcement ” shall mean disclosure in a press release reported by the Dow Jones News Service, Associated Press or a comparable national news service or in a document publicly filed by the corporation with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Section 13, 14 or 15(d) of the 1934 Act.
(b) To be in proper written form, a stockholder’s notice to the secretary must set forth as to each matter of business the stockholder intends to bring before the annual meeting: (1) a brief description of the business intended to be brought before the annual meeting, the text of the proposed business (including the text of any resolutions proposed for consideration) and the reasons for conducting such business at the annual meeting, (2) the name and address, as they appear on the corporation’s books, of the stockholder proposing such business and any Stockholder Associated Person (as defined below), (3) the class and number of shares of the corporation that are held of record or are beneficially owned by the stockholder or any Stockholder Associated Person and any derivative positions held or beneficially held by the stockholder or any Stockholder Associated Person as of the date of delivery of such notice, (4) whether and the extent to which any hedging or other transaction or series of transactions has been entered into by or on behalf of such stockholder or any Stockholder Associated Person with respect to any

    
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securities of the corporation, and a description of any other agreement, arrangement or understanding (including any short position or any borrowing or lending of shares), the effect or intent of which is to mitigate loss to, or to manage the risk or benefit from share price changes for, or to increase or decrease the voting power of, such stockholder or any Stockholder Associated Person with respect to any securities of the corporation, (5) any material interest of the stockholder or a Stockholder Associated Person in such business, and (6) a statement whether either such stockholder or any Stockholder Associated Person will deliver a proxy statement and form of proxy to holders of at least the percentage of the voting power of the corporation’s voting shares required under applicable law to carry the proposal (such information provided and statements made as required by clauses (1) through (6), a “ Business Solicitation Statement ”). In addition, to be in proper written form, a stockholder’s notice to the secretary must be supplemented not later than ten days following the record date for notice of the meeting to disclose the information contained in clauses (3) and (4) above as of the record date for notice of the meeting. For purposes of this Section 2.4, a “ Stockholder Associated Person ” of any stockholder shall mean (i) any person controlling, directly or indirectly, or acting in concert with, such stockholder, (ii) any beneficial owner of shares of stock of the corporation owned of record or beneficially by such stockholder and on whose behalf the proposal or nomination, as the case may be, is being made, or (iii) any person controlling, controlled by or under common control with such person referred to in the preceding clauses (i) and (ii).
(c) Without exception, no business shall be conducted at any annual meeting except in accordance with the provisions set forth in this Section 2.4(i) and, if applicable, Section 2.4(ii). In addition, business proposed to be brought by a stockholder may not be brought before the annual meeting if such stockholder or a Stockholder Associated Person, as applicable, takes action contrary to the representations made in the Business Solicitation Statement applicable to such business or if the Business Solicitation Statement applicable to such business contains an untrue statement of a material fact or omits to state a material fact necessary to make the statements therein not misleading. The chairperson of the annual meeting shall, if the facts warrant, determine and declare at the annual meeting that business was not properly brought before the annual meeting and in accordance with the provisions of this Section 2.4(i), and, if the chairperson should so determine, he or she shall so declare at the annual meeting that any such business not properly brought before the annual meeting shall not be conducted.
(ii) Advance Notice of Director Nominations at Annual Meetings. Notwithstanding anything in these bylaws to the contrary, only persons who are nominated in accordance with the procedures set forth in this Section 2.4(ii) shall be eligible for election or re-election as directors at an annual meeting of stockholders. Nominations of persons for election or re-election to the board of directors of the corporation shall be made at an annual meeting of stockholders only (A) by or at the direction of the board of directors or (B) by a stockholder of the corporation who (1) was a stockholder of record at the time of the giving of the notice required by this Section 2.4(ii) and on the record date for the determination of stockholders entitled to vote at the annual meeting and (2) has complied with the notice procedures set forth in this Section 2.4(ii). In addition to any other applicable requirements, for a nomination to be made by a stockholder, the stockholder must have given timely notice thereof in proper written form to the secretary of the corporation.
(a) To comply with clause (B) of Section 2.4(ii) above, a nomination to be made by a stockholder must set forth all information required under this Section 2.4(ii) and must be received by the secretary of the corporation at the principal executive offices of the corporation at the time set forth in, and in accordance with, the final three sentences of Section 2.4(i)(a) above; provided additionally, however, that in the event the number of directors to be elected to the board of directors is increased and there is no Public Announcement naming all of the nominees for director or specifying the size of the increased board made by the corporation at least ten (10) days before the last day a stockholder may deliver notice of nomination pursuant to the foregoing provisions, a stockholder’s notice required by this Section 2.4(ii) shall also be considered timely, but only with respect to nominees for any new

    
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positions created by such increase, if it shall be received by the secretary at the principal executive offices of the corporation not later than the close of business on the tenth day following the date on which such Public Announcement is first made by the corporation.
(b) To be in proper written form, such stockholder’s notice to the secretary must set forth:
(1) as to each person (a “ nominee ”) whom the stockholder proposes to nominate for election or re-election as a director: (A) the name, age, business address and residence address of the nominee, (B) the principal occupation or employment of the nominee, (C) the class and number of shares of the corporation that are held of record or are beneficially owned by the nominee and any derivative positions held or beneficially held by the nominee, (D) whether and the extent to which any hedging or other transaction or series of transactions has been entered into by or on behalf of the nominee with respect to any securities of the corporation, and a description of any other agreement, arrangement or understanding (including any short position or any borrowing or lending of shares), the effect or intent of which is to mitigate loss to, or to manage the risk or benefit of share price changes for, or to increase or decrease the voting power of the nominee, (E) a description of all arrangements or understandings between or among the stockholder and each nominee and any other person or persons (naming such person or persons) pursuant to which the nominations are to be made by the stockholder or concerning the nominee’s potential service on the board of directors, (F) a written statement executed by the nominee acknowledging that as a director of the corporation, the nominee will owe fiduciary duties under Delaware law with respect to the corporation and its stockholders, and (G) any other information relating to the nominee that would be required to be disclosed about such nominee if proxies were being solicited for the election or re-election of the nominee as a director, or that is otherwise required, in each case pursuant to Regulation 14A under the 1934 Act (including without limitation the nominee’s written consent to being named in the proxy statement, if any, as a nominee and to serving as a director if elected or re-elected, as the case may be); and
(2) as to such stockholder giving notice, (A) the information required to be provided pursuant to clauses (2) through (5) of Section 2.4(i)(b) above, and the supplement referenced in the second sentence of Section 2.4(i)(b) above (except that the references to “business” in such clauses shall instead refer to nominations of directors for purposes of this paragraph), and (B) a statement whether either such stockholder or Stockholder Associated Person will deliver a proxy statement and form of proxy to holders of at least the percentage of voting power of the corporation’s voting shares reasonably believed by such stockholder or Stockholder Associated Person to be necessary to elect or re-elect such nominee(s) (such information provided and statements made as required by clauses (A) and (B) above, a “ Nominee Solicitation Statement ”).
(c) At the request of the board of directors, any person nominated by a stockholder for election or re-election as a director must furnish to the secretary of the corporation (1) that information required to be set forth in the stockholder’s notice of nomination of such person as a director as of a date subsequent to the date on which the notice of such person’s nomination was given, (2) such other information as may reasonably be required by the corporation to determine the eligibility of such proposed nominee to serve as an independent director or audit committee financial expert of the corporation under applicable law, securities exchange rule or regulation, or any publicly disclosed corporate governance guideline or committee charter of the corporation and (3) such other information that could be material to a reasonable stockholder’s understanding of the independence, or lack thereof, of such nominee; in the absence of the furnishing of any such information of the kind specified in this Section 2.4(ii)(c) if requested, such stockholder’s nomination shall not be considered in proper form pursuant to this Section 2.4(ii).

    
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(d) Without exception, no person shall be eligible for election or re-election as a director of the corporation at an annual meeting of stockholders unless nominated in accordance with the provisions set forth in this Section 2.4(ii). In addition, a nominee shall not be eligible for election or re-election if a stockholder or Stockholder Associated Person, as applicable, takes action contrary to the representations made in the Nominee Solicitation Statement applicable to such nominee or if the Nominee Solicitation Statement applicable to such nominee contains an untrue statement of a material fact or omits to state a material fact necessary to make the statements therein not misleading. The chairperson of the annual meeting shall, if the facts warrant, determine and declare at the annual meeting that a nomination was not made in accordance with the provisions prescribed by these bylaws, and if the chairperson should so determine, he or she shall so declare at the annual meeting, and the defective nomination shall be disregarded.
(iii) Advance Notice of Director Nominations for Special Meetings.
(a) If the board of directors has authorized in the specific case that stockholders may fill a vacancy or newly created directorship at a special meeting of stockholders, and a special meeting has been properly called for such purpose, nominations of persons for election or appointment to the board of directors at such special meeting shall be made only (1) by or at the direction of the board of directors or (2) by any stockholder of the corporation who (A) is a stockholder of record at the time of the giving of the notice required by this Section 2.4(iii) and on the record date for the determination of stockholders entitled to vote at the special meeting and (B) delivers a timely written notice of the nomination to the secretary of the corporation that includes the information set forth in Sections 2.4(ii)(b) and (ii)(c) above. To be timely, such notice must be received by the secretary at the principal executive offices of the corporation not later than the close of business on the later of the 90th day prior to such special meeting or the tenth day following the day on which Public Announcement is first made of the date of the special meeting and of the nominees proposed by the board of directors to be elected or appointed at such meeting. A person shall not be eligible for election or appointment as a director at a special meeting unless the person is nominated (i) by or at the direction of the board of directors or (ii) by a stockholder in accordance with the notice procedures set forth in this Section 2.4(iii). In addition, a nominee shall not be eligible for election or appointment if a stockholder or Stockholder Associated Person, as applicable, takes action contrary to the representations made in the Nominee Solicitation Statement applicable to such nominee or if the Nominee Solicitation Statement applicable to such nominee contains an untrue statement of a material fact or omits to state a material fact necessary to make the statements therein not misleading. Any person nominated in accordance with this Section 2.4(iii) is subject to, and must comply with, the provisions of Section 2.4(ii)(c).
(b) The chairperson of such special meeting shall, if the facts warrant, determine and declare at the meeting that a nomination or business was not made in accordance with the procedures prescribed by these bylaws, and if the chairperson should so determine, he or she shall so declare at the meeting, and the defective nomination or business shall be disregarded.
(iv) Other Requirements and Rights. In addition to the foregoing provisions of this Section 2.4, a stockholder must also comply with all applicable requirements of state law and of the 1934 Act with respect to the matters set forth in this Section 2.4. Nothing in this Section 2.4 shall be deemed to affect any rights of:
(a) a stockholder to request inclusion of proposals in the corporation’s proxy statement pursuant to Rule 14a-8 (or any successor provision) under the 1934 Act; or
(b) the corporation to omit a proposal from the corporation’s proxy statement pursuant to Rule 14a-8 (or any successor provision) under the 1934 Act.

    
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2.5 NOTICE OF STOCKHOLDERS’ MEETINGS
Whenever stockholders are required or permitted to take any action at a meeting, a written notice of the meeting shall be given which shall state the place, if any, date and hour of the meeting, the means of remote communications, if any, by which stockholders and proxy holders may be deemed to be present in person and vote at such meeting, the record date for determining the stockholders entitled to vote at the meeting, if such date is different from the record date for determining stockholders entitled to notice of the meeting, and, in the case of a special meeting, the purpose or purposes for which the meeting is called. Except as otherwise provided in the DGCL, the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws, the written notice of any meeting of stockholders shall be given not less than 10 nor more than 60 days before the date of the meeting to each stockholder entitled to vote at such meeting as of the record date for determining the stockholders entitled to notice of the meeting.
2.6 QUORUM
The holders of a majority of the voting power of the stock issued, outstanding and entitled to vote, present in person or represented by proxy, shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business at all meetings of the stockholders, unless otherwise required by law, the certificate of incorporation, these bylaws or the rules of any applicable stock exchange. Where a separate vote by a class or series or classes or series is required, a majority of the voting power of the then-issued and outstanding shares of such class or series or classes or series, present in person or represented by proxy, shall constitute a quorum entitled to take action with respect to that vote on that matter, except as otherwise required by law, the certificate of incorporation, these bylaws or the rules of any applicable stock exchange.
If a quorum is not present or represented at any meeting of the stockholders, then either (i) the chairperson of the meeting, or (ii) the stockholders entitled to vote at the meeting, present in person or represented by proxy, shall have power to adjourn the meeting from time to time, without notice other than announcement at the meeting, until a quorum is present or represented. The chairperson of the meeting shall have the authority to adjourn a meeting of the stockholders in all other events. At such adjourned meeting at which a quorum is present or represented, any business may be transacted that might have been transacted at the meeting as originally noticed.
2.7 ADJOURNED MEETING; NOTICE
When a meeting is adjourned to another time or place, unless these bylaws otherwise require, notice need not be given of the adjourned meeting if the time, place, if any, thereof, and the means of remote communications, if any, by which stockholders and proxy holders may be deemed to be present in person and vote at such adjourned meeting are announced at the meeting at which the adjournment is taken. At the adjourned meeting, the corporation may transact any business which might have been transacted at the original meeting. If the adjournment is for more than 30 days, a notice of the adjourned meeting shall be given to each stockholder of record entitled to vote at the meeting. If after the adjournment a new record date for stockholders entitled to vote is fixed for the adjourned meeting, the board of directors shall fix a new record date for notice of such adjourned meeting in accordance with Section 213(a) of the DGCL and Section 2.11of these bylaws, and shall give notice of the adjourned meeting to each stockholder of record entitled to vote at such adjourned meeting as of the record date fixed for notice of such adjourned meeting.

    
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2.8 CONDUCT OF BUSINESS
The chairperson of any meeting of stockholders shall determine the order of business and the procedure at the meeting, including such regulation of the manner of voting and the conduct of business. The chairperson of any meeting of stockholders shall be designated by the board of directors; in the absence of such designation, the chairperson of the board, if any, the chief executive officer (in the absence of the chairperson) or the president (in the absence of the chairperson of the board and the chief executive officer), or in their absence any other executive officer of the corporation, shall serve as chairperson of the stockholder meeting.
2.9 VOTING
The stockholders entitled to vote at any meeting of stockholders shall be determined in accordance with the provisions of Section 2.11 of these bylaws, subject to Section 217 (relating to voting rights of fiduciaries, pledgors and joint owners of stock) and Section 218 (relating to voting trusts and other voting agreements) of the DGCL.
Except as may be otherwise provided in the certificate of incorporation, each stockholder shall be entitled to one vote for each share of capital stock held by such stockholder.
Except as otherwise provided by law, the certificate of incorporation, these bylaws or the rules of any applicable stock exchange, in all matters other than the election of directors, the affirmative vote of a majority of the voting power of the shares present in person or represented by proxy at the meeting and entitled to vote on the subject matter shall be the act of the stockholders. Except as otherwise required by law, the certificate of incorporation, these bylaws or the rules of any applicable stock exchange, directors shall be elected by a plurality of the voting power of the shares present in person or represented by proxy at the meeting and entitled to vote on the election of directors. Where a separate vote by a class or series or classes or series is required, in all matters other than the election of directors, the affirmative vote of the majority of the voting power of shares of such class or series or classes or series present in person or represented by proxy at the meeting shall be the act of such class or series or classes or series, except as otherwise provided by law, the certificate of incorporation, these bylaws or the rules of any applicable stock exchange.
2.10 STOCKHOLDER ACTION BY WRITTEN CONSENT WITHOUT A MEETING
Unless otherwise provided in the certificate of incorporation, any action required by statute to be taken at any annual or special of the stockholders, or any action which may be taken at an annual or special meeting of stockholders, may be taken without a meeting, without prior notice and without a vote, if a consent or consents in writing, setting forth the action so taken, shall be (i) signed by the holders of record on the record date (established in the manner set forth in Section 2.11 and Article VIII of the corporation’s certificate of incorporation) of outstanding shares of the corporation having not less than the minimum number of votes that would be necessary to authorize or take such action at a meeting at which all shares entitled to vote thereon were present and voted; provided, however, that in the case of the election or removal of directors by written consent, such consent shall be effective only if signed by the holders of all outstanding shares entitled to vote for the election of directors, and (ii) delivered to the corporation in accordance with Section 228 of the DGCL.
2.11 RECORD DATES
In order that the corporation may determine the stockholders entitled to notice of any meeting of stockholders or any adjournment thereof, the board of directors may fix a record date, which record date shall not precede the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted by the board of directors and which record date shall

    
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not be more than 60 nor less than 10 days before the date of such meeting. If the board of directors so fixes a date, such date shall also be the record date for determining the stockholders entitled to vote at such meeting unless the board of directors determines, at the time it fixes such record date, that a later date on or before the date of the meeting shall be the date for making such determination.
If no record date is fixed by the board of directors, the record date for determining stockholders entitled to notice of and to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall be at the close of business on the day next preceding the day on which notice is given, or, if notice is waived, at the close of business on the day next preceding the day on which the meeting is held.
A determination of stockholders of record entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall apply to any adjournment of the meeting; provided, however, that the board of directors may fix a new record date for determination of stockholders entitled to vote at the adjourned meeting, and in such case shall also fix as the record date for stockholders entitled to notice of such adjourned meeting the same or an earlier date as that fixed for determination of stockholders entitled to vote in accordance with the provisions of Section 213 of the DGCL and this Section 2.11 at the adjourned meeting.
In order that the corporation may determine the stockholders entitled to receive payment of any dividend or other distribution or allotment of any rights or the stockholders entitled to exercise any rights in respect of any change, conversion or exchange of stock, or for the purpose of any other lawful action, the board of directors may fix a record date, which record date shall not precede the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted, and which record date shall be not more than 60 days prior to such action. If no record date is fixed, the record date for determining stockholders for any such purpose shall be at the close of business on the day on which the board of directors adopts the resolution relating thereto.
2.12 PROXIES
Each stockholder entitled to vote at a meeting of stockholders may authorize another person or persons to act for such stockholder by proxy authorized by an instrument in writing or by a transmission permitted by law filed in accordance with the procedure established for the meeting, but no such proxy shall be voted or acted upon after three years from its date, unless the proxy provides for a longer period. The revocability of a proxy that states on its face that it is irrevocable shall be governed by the provisions of Section 212 of the DGCL. A written proxy may be in the form of a telegram, cablegram, or other means of electronic transmission which sets forth or is submitted with information from which it can be determined that the telegram, cablegram, or other means of electronic transmission was authorized by the stockholder.
2.13 LIST OF STOCKHOLDERS ENTITLED TO VOTE
The officer who has charge of the stock ledger of the corporation shall prepare and make, at least ten (10) days before every meeting of stockholders, a complete list of the stockholders entitled to vote at the meeting; provided, however, if the record date for determining the stockholders entitled to vote is less than ten (10) days before the meeting date, the list shall reflect the stockholders entitled to vote as of the tenth day before the meeting date. The stockholder list shall be arranged in alphabetical order and show the address of each stockholder and the number of shares registered in the name of each stockholder. The corporation shall not be required to include electronic mail addresses or other electronic contact information on such list. Such list shall be open to the examination of any stockholder for any purpose germane to the meeting for a period of at least ten (10) days prior to the meeting (i) on a reasonably accessible electronic network, provided that the information required to gain access to such list is provided with the notice of the meeting, or (ii) during ordinary business hours, at the corporation’s principal place

    
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of business. In the event that the corporation determines to make the list available on an electronic network, the corporation may take reasonable steps to ensure that such information is available only to stockholders of the corporation. If the meeting is to be held at a place (as opposed to solely by means of remote communication), then a list shall be produced and kept at the time and place of the meeting during the whole time thereof, and may be examined by any stockholder who is present. If the meeting is to be held solely by means of remote communication, then a list shall also be open to the examination of any stockholder during the whole time of the meeting on a reasonably accessible electronic network, and the information required to access such list shall be provided with the notice of the meeting. The stock ledger of the corporation shall be the only evidence as to the identity of the stockholders entitled to examine the stock list and vote at the meeting and the number of shares held by each of them.
2.14 INSPECTORS OF ELECTION
Before any meeting of stockholders, the board of directors shall appoint an inspector or inspectors of election to act at the meeting or its adjournment. The number of inspectors shall be either one (1) or three (3). If any person appointed as inspector fails to appear or fails or refuses to act, then the chairperson of the meeting shall appoint a person to fill that vacancy.
Each inspector, before entering upon the discharge of his or her duties, shall take and sign an oath to execute faithfully the duties of inspector with strict impartiality and according to the best of his or her ability. The inspector or inspectors so appointed and designated shall (i) ascertain the number of shares of capital stock of the corporation outstanding and the voting power of each share, (ii) determine the shares of capital stock of the corporation represented at the meeting and the validity of proxies and ballots, (iii) count all votes and ballots, (iv) determine and retain for a reasonable period a record of the disposition of any challenges made to any determination by the inspectors, and (v) certify their determination of the number of shares of capital stock of the corporation represented at the meeting and such inspector or inspectors’ count of all votes and ballots.
In determining the validity and counting of proxies and ballots cast at any meeting of stockholders of the corporation, the inspector or inspectors may consider such information as is permitted by applicable law. If there are three (3) inspectors of election, the decision, act or certificate of a majority is effective in all respects as the decision, act or certificate of all.
ARTICLE III — DIRECTORS
3.1 POWERS
The business and affairs of the corporation shall be managed by or under the direction of the board of directors, except as may be otherwise provided in the DGCL or the certificate of incorporation.
3.2 NUMBER OF DIRECTORS
The board of directors shall consist of one or more members, each of whom shall be a natural person. Unless the certificate of incorporation fixes the number of directors, the number of directors shall be determined from time to time solely by resolution of the Whole Board. No reduction of the authorized number of directors shall have the effect of removing any director before that director’s term of office expires.

    
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3.3 ELECTION, QUALIFICATION AND TERM OF OFFICE OF DIRECTORS
Except as provided in Section 3.4 of these bylaws, each director, including a director elected to fill a vacancy, shall hold office until the expiration of the term for which elected and until such director’s successor is elected and qualified or until such director’s earlier death, resignation or removal. Directors need not be stockholders unless so required by the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws. The certificate of incorporation or these bylaws may prescribe other qualifications for directors.
3.4 RESIGNATION AND VACANCIES
Any director may resign at any time upon notice given in writing or by electronic transmission to the corporation; provided, however , that if such notice is given by electronic transmission, such electronic transmission must either set forth or be submitted with information from which it can be determined that the electronic transmission was authorized by the director. A resignation is effective when the resignation is delivered unless the resignation specifies a later effective date or an effective date determined upon the happening of an event or events. Unless otherwise specified in the notice of resignation, acceptance of such resignation shall not be necessary to make it effective. A resignation which is conditioned upon the director failing to receive a specified vote for reelection as a director may provide that it is irrevocable. Unless otherwise provided in the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws, when one or more directors resign from the board of directors, effective at a future date, a majority of the directors then in office, including those who have so resigned, shall have power to fill such vacancy or vacancies, the vote thereon to take effect when such resignation or resignations shall become effective.
Unless otherwise provided in the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws or if authorized by resolution of the board of directors, vacancies and newly created directorships resulting from any increase in the authorized number of directors elected by all of the stockholders having the right to vote as a single class shall be filled only by a majority of the directors then in office, although less than a quorum, or by a sole remaining director, and not by the stockholders. If the directors are divided into classes, a person so elected by the directors then in office to fill a vacancy or newly created directorship shall hold office until the next election of the class for which such director shall have been chosen and until his or her successor shall have been duly elected and qualified.
If, at the time of filling any vacancy or any newly created directorship, the directors then in office constitute less than a majority of the whole board of directors (as constituted immediately prior to any such increase), the Court of Chancery may, upon application of any stockholder or stockholders holding at least 10% of the voting power of the capital stock of the corporation at the time outstanding having the right to vote for such directors, summarily order an election to be held to fill any such vacancies or newly created directorships, or to replace the directors chosen by the directors then in office as aforesaid, which election shall be governed by the provisions of Section 211 of the DGCL as far as applicable.
3.5 PLACE OF MEETINGS; MEETINGS BY TELEPHONE
The board of directors may hold meetings, both regular and special, either within or outside the State of Delaware.
Unless otherwise restricted by the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws, members of the board of directors may participate in a meeting of the board of directors by means of conference telephone or other communications equipment by means of which all persons participating in the meeting can hear each other, and such participation in a meeting shall constitute presence in person at the meeting.

    
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3.6 REGULAR MEETINGS
Regular meetings of the board of directors may be held without notice at such time and at such place as shall from time to time be determined by the board of directors.
3.7 SPECIAL MEETINGS; NOTICE
Special meetings of the board of directors for any purpose or purposes may be called at any time by the chairperson of the board of directors, the chief executive officer, the president, the secretary or a majority of the authorized number of directors, at such times and places as he or she or they shall designate.
Notice of the time and place of special meetings shall be:
(i) delivered personally by hand, by courier or by telephone;
(ii) sent by United States first-class mail, postage prepaid;
(iii) sent by facsimile; or
(iv) sent by electronic mail,
directed to each director at that director’s address, telephone number, facsimile number or electronic mail address, as the case may be, as shown on the corporation’s records.
If the notice is (i) delivered personally by hand, by courier or by telephone, (ii) sent by facsimile or (iii) sent by electronic mail, it shall be delivered or sent at least 24 hours before the time of the holding of the meeting. If the notice is sent by United States mail, it shall be deposited in the United States mail at least four days before the time of the holding of the meeting. Any oral notice may be communicated to the director. The notice need not specify the place of the meeting (if the meeting is to be held at the corporation’s principal executive office) nor the purpose of the meeting.
3.8 QUORUM; VOTING
At all meetings of the board of directors, a majority of the total authorized number of directors shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business. If a quorum is not present at any meeting of the board of directors, then the directors present thereat may adjourn the meeting from time to time, without notice other than announcement at the meeting, until a quorum is present.
The affirmative vote of a majority of the directors present at any meeting at which a quorum is present shall be the act of the board of directors, except as may be otherwise specifically provided by statute, the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws.
If the certificate of incorporation provides that one or more directors shall have more or less than one vote per director on any matter, every reference in these bylaws to a majority or other proportion of the directors shall refer to a majority or other proportion of the votes of the directors.

    
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3.9 BOARD ACTION BY WRITTEN CONSENT WITHOUT A MEETING
Unless otherwise restricted by the certificate of incorporation, these bylaws or statute, any action required or permitted to be taken at any meeting of the board of directors, or of any committee thereof, may be taken without a meeting if all members of the board of directors or committee, as the case may be, consent thereto in writing or by electronic transmission and the writing or writings or electronic transmission or transmissions are filed with the minutes of proceedings of the board of directors or committee. Such filing shall be in paper form if the minutes are maintained in paper form and shall be in electronic form if the minutes are maintained in electronic form. Any person (whether or not then a director) may provide, whether through instruction to an agent or otherwise, that a consent to action will be effective at a future time (including a time determined upon the happening of an event), no later than 60 days after such instruction is given or such provision is made and such consent shall be deemed to have been given for purposes of this Section 3.9 at such effective time so long as such person is then a director and did not revoke the consent prior to such time. Any such consent shall be revocable prior to its becoming effective.
3.10 FEES AND COMPENSATION OF DIRECTORS
Unless otherwise restricted by the certificate of incorporation, these bylaws or statute, the board of directors shall have the authority to fix the compensation of directors.
3.11 REMOVAL OF DIRECTORS
A director may be removed from office by the stockholders of the corporation with or without cause.
No reduction of the authorized number of directors shall have the effect of removing any director prior to the expiration of such director’s term of office.
ARTICLE IV — COMMITTEES
4.1 COMMITTEES OF DIRECTORS
The board of directors may designate one or more committees, each committee to consist of one or more of the directors of the corporation. The board of directors may designate one or more directors as alternate members of any committee, who may replace any absent or disqualified member at any meeting of the committee. In the absence or disqualification of a member of a committee, the member or members thereof present at any meeting and not disqualified from voting, whether or not such member or members constitute a quorum, may unanimously appoint another member of the board of directors to act at the meeting in the place of any such absent or disqualified member. Any such committee, to the extent provided in the resolution of the board of directors or in these bylaws, shall have and may exercise all the powers and authority of the board of directors in the management of the business and affairs of the corporation, and may authorize the seal of the corporation to be affixed to all papers that may require it; but no such committee shall have the power or authority to (i) approve or adopt, or recommend to the stockholders, any action or matter (other than the election or removal of directors) expressly required by the DGCL to be submitted to stockholders for approval, or (ii) adopt, amend or repeal any bylaw of the corporation.
4.2 COMMITTEE MINUTES
Each committee shall keep regular minutes of its meetings and report the same to the board of directors when required.

    
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4.3 MEETINGS AND ACTION OF COMMITTEES
Meetings and actions of committees shall be governed by, and held and taken in accordance with, the provisions of:
(i) Section 3.5 (place of meetings and meetings by telephone);
(ii) Section 3.6 (regular meetings);
(iii) Section 3.7 (special meetings; notice);
(iv) Section 3.8 (quorum; voting);
(v) Section 3.9 (action without a meeting); and
(vi) Section 7.5 (waiver of notice)
with such changes in the context of those bylaws as are necessary to substitute the committee and its members for the board of directors and its members. However :
(i) the time of regular meetings of committees may be determined by resolution of the committee;
(ii) special meetings of committees may also be called by resolution of the committee; and
(iii) notice of special meetings of committees shall also be given to all alternate members, who shall have the right to attend all meetings of the committee. The board of directors or a committee may adopt rules for the government of any committee not inconsistent with the provisions of these bylaws.
Any provision in the certificate of incorporation providing that one or more directors shall have more or less than one vote per director on any matter shall apply to voting in any committee or subcommittee, unless otherwise provided in the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws.
4.4 SUBCOMMITTEES
Unless otherwise provided in the certificate of incorporation, these bylaws or the resolutions of the board of directors designating the committee, a committee may create one or more subcommittees, each subcommittee to consist of one or more members of the committee, and delegate to a subcommittee any or all of the powers and authority of the committee.

    
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ARTICLE V — OFFICERS
5.1 OFFICERS
The officers of the corporation shall be a president and a secretary. The corporation may also have, at the discretion of the board of directors, a chairperson of the board of directors, a vice chairperson of the board of directors, a chief executive officer, a chief financial officer or treasurer, one or more vice presidents, one or more assistant vice presidents, one or more assistant treasurers, one or more assistant secretaries, and any such other officers as may be appointed in accordance with the provisions of these bylaws. Any number of offices may be held by the same person.
5.2 APPOINTMENT OF OFFICERS
The board of directors shall appoint the officers of the corporation, except such officers as may be appointed in accordance with the provisions of Section 5.3 of these bylaws, subject to the rights, if any, of an officer under any contract of employment. A vacancy in any office because of death, resignation, removal, disqualification or any other cause shall be filled in the manner prescribed in this Article V for the regular election to such office.
5.3 SUBORDINATE OFFICERS
The board of directors may appoint, or empower the chief executive officer or, in the absence of a chief executive officer, the president, to appoint, such other officers and agents as the business of the corporation may require. Each of such officers and agents shall hold office for such period, have such authority, and perform such duties as are provided in these bylaws or as the board of directors may from time to time determine.
5.4 REMOVAL AND RESIGNATION OF OFFICERS
Subject to the rights, if any, of an officer under any contract of employment, any officer may be removed, either with or without cause, by the board of directors or by any officer upon whom such power of removal may be conferred by the board of directors, except that, unless specifically approved by the board, officers may not remove other officers chosen by the board of directors.
Any officer may resign at any time by giving written or electronic notice to the corporation; provided, however , that if such notice is given by electronic transmission, such electronic transmission must either set forth or be submitted with information from which it can be determined that the electronic transmission was authorized by the officer. Any resignation shall take effect at the date of the receipt of that notice or at any later time specified in that notice. Unless otherwise specified in the notice of resignation, the acceptance of the resignation shall not be necessary to make it effective. Any resignation is without prejudice to the rights, if any, of the corporation under any contract to which the officer is a party.
5.5 VACANCIES IN OFFICES
Any vacancy occurring in any office of the corporation shall be filled by the board of directors or as provided in Section 5.3.
5.6 REPRESENTATION OF SHARES OR INTERESTS OF OTHER CORPORATIONS OR ENTITIES
The chairperson of the board of directors, the president, any vice president, the treasurer, the secretary or any assistant secretary of this corporation, or any other person authorized by the board of directors or the president

    
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or a vice president, is authorized to vote, represent, and exercise on behalf of this corporation all rights incident to any and all shares or equity interests of any other corporation or corporations or entity or entities standing in the name of this corporation, including the right to act by written consent. The authority granted herein may be exercised either by such person directly or by any other person authorized to do so by proxy or power of attorney duly executed by such person having the authority.
5.7 AUTHORITY AND DUTIES OF OFFICERS
All officers of the corporation shall respectively have such authority and perform such duties in the management of the business of the corporation as may be designated from time to time by the board of directors and, to the extent not so provided, as generally pertain to their respective offices, subject to the control of the board of directors.
ARTICLE VI — STOCK
6.1 STOCK CERTIFICATES; PARTLY PAID SHARES
The shares of the corporation shall be represented by certificates, provided that the board of directors may provide by resolution or resolutions that some or all of any or all classes or series of its stock shall be uncertificated shares. Any such resolution shall not apply to shares represented by a certificate until such certificate is surrendered to the corporation. Every holder of stock represented by certificates shall be entitled to have a certificate signed by, or in the name of the corporation by the chairperson of the board of directors or vice-chairperson of the board of directors, or the president or a vice-president, and by the treasurer or an assistant treasurer, or the secretary or an assistant secretary of the corporation representing the number of shares registered in certificate form. Any or all of the signatures on the certificate may be a facsimile. In case any officer, transfer agent or registrar who has signed or whose facsimile signature has been placed upon a certificate has ceased to be such officer, transfer agent or registrar before such certificate is issued, it may be issued by the corporation with the same effect as if such person were such officer, transfer agent or registrar at the date of issue. The corporation shall not have power to issue a certificate in bearer form.
The corporation may issue the whole or any part of its shares as partly paid and subject to call for the remainder of the consideration to be paid therefor. Upon the face or back of each stock certificate issued to represent any such partly-paid shares, or upon the books and records of the corporation in the case of uncertificated partly-paid shares, the total amount of the consideration to be paid therefor and the amount paid thereon shall be stated. Upon the declaration of any dividend on fully-paid shares, the corporation shall declare a dividend upon partly-paid shares of the same class, but only upon the basis of the percentage of the consideration actually paid thereon.
6.2 SPECIAL DESIGNATION ON CERTIFICATES
If the corporation is authorized to issue more than one class of stock or more than one series of any class, then the powers, the designations, the preferences, and the relative, participating, optional or other special rights of each class of stock or series thereof and the qualifications, limitations or restrictions of such preferences and/or rights shall be set forth in full or summarized on the face or back of the certificate that the corporation shall issue to represent such class or series of stock; provided, however , that, except as otherwise provided in Section 202 of the DGCL, in lieu of the foregoing requirements there may be set forth on the face or back of the certificate that the corporation shall issue to represent such class or series of stock, a statement that the corporation will furnish without charge to each stockholder who so requests the powers, designations, preferences and relative, participating, optional or other

    
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special rights of each class of stock or series thereof and the qualifications, limitations or restrictions of such preferences and/or rights. Within a reasonable time after the issuance or transfer of uncertificated stock, the corporation shall send to the registered owner thereof a written notice containing the information required to be set forth or stated on certificates pursuant to this Section 6.2 or Sections 151, 156, 202(a) or 218(a) of the DGCL or with respect to this Section 6.2 a statement that the corporation will furnish without charge to each stockholder who so requests the powers, designations, preferences and relative, participating, optional or other special rights of each class of stock or series thereof and the qualifications, limitations or restrictions of such preferences and/or rights. Except as otherwise expressly provided by law, the rights and obligations of the holders of uncertificated stock and the rights and obligations of the holders of certificates representing stock of the same class and series shall be identical.
6.3 LOST, STOLEN OR DESTROYED CERTIFICATES
Except as provided in this Section 6.3, no new certificates for shares shall be issued to replace a previously issued certificate unless the latter is surrendered to the corporation and cancelled at the same time. The corporation may issue a new certificate of stock or uncertificated shares in the place of any certificate theretofore issued by it, alleged to have been lost, stolen or destroyed, and the corporation may require the owner of the lost, stolen or destroyed certificate, or such owner’s legal representative, to give the corporation a bond sufficient to indemnify it against any claim that may be made against it on account of the alleged loss, theft or destruction of any such certificate or the issuance of such new certificate or uncertificated shares.
6.4 DIVIDENDS
The board of directors, subject to any restrictions contained in the certificate of incorporation or applicable law, may declare and pay dividends upon the shares of the corporation’s capital stock. Dividends may be paid in cash, in property, or in shares of the corporation’s capital stock, subject to the provisions of the certificate of incorporation.
The board of directors may set apart out of any of the funds of the corporation available for dividends a reserve or reserves for any proper purpose and may abolish any such reserve.
6.5 TRANSFER OF STOCK
Transfers of record of shares of stock of the corporation shall be made only upon its books by the holders thereof, in person or by an attorney duly authorized, and, if such stock is certificated, upon the surrender of a certificate or certificates for a like number of shares, properly endorsed or accompanied by proper evidence of succession, assignation or authority to transfer; provided, however, that such succession, assignment or authority to transfer is not prohibited by the certificate of incorporation, these bylaws, applicable law or contract.
6.6 STOCK TRANSFER AGREEMENTS
The corporation shall have power to enter into and perform any agreement with any number of stockholders of any one or more classes of stock of the corporation to restrict the transfer of shares of stock of the corporation of any one or more classes owned by such stockholders in any manner not prohibited by the DGCL.

    
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6.7 REGISTERED STOCKHOLDERS
The corporation:
(i) shall be entitled to recognize the exclusive right of a person registered on its books as the owner of shares to receive dividends and to vote as such owner;
(ii) shall be entitled (to the fullest extent permitted by law) to hold liable for calls and assessments the person registered on its books as the owner of shares; and
(iii) shall not be bound to recognize any equitable or other claim to or interest in such share or shares on the part of another person, whether or not it shall have express or other notice thereof, except as otherwise provided by the laws of Delaware.
ARTICLE VII — MANNER OF GIVING NOTICE AND WAIVER
7.1 NOTICE OF STOCKHOLDERS’ MEETINGS
Notice of any meeting of stockholders, if mailed, is given when deposited in the United States mail, postage prepaid, directed to the stockholder at such stockholder’s address as it appears on the corporation’s records. An affidavit of the secretary or an assistant secretary of the corporation or of the transfer agent or other agent of the corporation that the notice has been given shall, in the absence of fraud, be prima facie evidence of the facts stated therein.
7.2 NOTICE BY ELECTRONIC TRANSMISSION
Without limiting the manner by which notice otherwise may be given effectively to stockholders pursuant to the DGCL, the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws, any notice to stockholders given by the corporation under any provision of the DGCL, the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws shall be effective if given by a form of electronic transmission consented to by the stockholder to whom the notice is given. Any such consent shall be revocable by the stockholder by written notice to the corporation. Any such consent shall be deemed revoked if:
(i) the corporation is unable to deliver by electronic transmission two consecutive notices given by the corporation in accordance with such consent; and
(ii) such inability becomes known to the secretary or an assistant secretary of the corporation or to the transfer agent, or other person responsible for the giving of notice.
However, the inadvertent failure to treat such inability as a revocation shall not invalidate any meeting or other action.
Any notice given pursuant to the preceding paragraph shall be deemed given:
(i) if by facsimile telecommunication, when directed to a number at which the stockholder has consented to receive notice;
(ii) if by electronic mail, when directed to an electronic mail address at which the stockholder has consented to receive notice;

    
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(iii) if by a posting on an electronic network together with separate notice to the stockholder of such specific posting, upon the later of (A) such posting and (B) the giving of such separate notice; and
(iv) if by any other form of electronic transmission, when directed to the stockholder.
An affidavit of the secretary or an assistant secretary or of the transfer agent or other agent of the corporation that the notice has been given by a form of electronic transmission shall, in the absence of fraud, be prima facie evidence of the facts stated therein.
An “ electronic transmission ” means any form of communication, not directly involving the physical transmission of paper, that creates a record that may be retained, retrieved, and reviewed by a recipient thereof, and that may be directly reproduced in paper form by such a recipient through an automated process.
7.3 NOTICE TO STOCKHOLDERS SHARING AN ADDRESS
Except as otherwise prohibited under the DGCL, without limiting the manner by which notice otherwise may be given effectively to stockholders, any notice to stockholders given by the corporation under the provisions of the DGCL, the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws shall be effective if given by a single written notice to stockholders who share an address if consented to by the stockholders at that address to whom such notice is given. Any such consent shall be revocable by the stockholder by written notice to the corporation. Any stockholder who fails to object in writing to the corporation, within 60 days of having been given written notice by the corporation of its intention to send the single notice, shall be deemed to have consented to receiving such single written notice.
7.4 NOTICE TO PERSON WITH WHOM COMMUNICATION IS UNLAWFUL
Whenever notice is required to be given, under the DGCL, the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws, to any person with whom communication is unlawful, the giving of such notice to such person shall not be required and there shall be no duty to apply to any governmental authority or agency for a license or permit to give such notice to such person. Any action or meeting which shall be taken or held without notice to any such person with whom communication is unlawful shall have the same force and effect as if such notice had been duly given. In the event that the action taken by the corporation is such as to require the filing of a certificate under the DGCL, the certificate shall state, if such is the fact and if notice is required, that notice was given to all persons entitled to receive notice except such persons with whom communication is unlawful.
7.5 WAIVER OF NOTICE
Whenever notice is required to be given to stockholders, directors or other persons under any provision of the DGCL, the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws, a written waiver, signed by the person entitled to notice, or a waiver by electronic transmission by the person entitled to notice, whether before or after the time of the event for which notice is to be given, shall be deemed equivalent to notice. Attendance of a person at a meeting shall constitute a waiver of notice of such meeting, except when the person attends a meeting for the express purpose of objecting at the beginning of the meeting, to the transaction of any business because the meeting is not lawfully called or convened. Neither the business to be transacted at, nor the purpose of, any regular or special meeting of the stockholders or the board of directors, as the case may be, need be specified in any written waiver of notice or any waiver by electronic transmission unless so required by the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws.

    
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ARTICLE VIII — INDEMNIFICATION
8.1 INDEMNIFICATION OF DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS IN THIRD PARTY PROCEEDINGS
Subject to the other provisions of this Article VIII, the corporation shall indemnify, to the fullest extent permitted by the DGCL, as now or hereinafter in effect, any person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative (a “ Proceeding ”) (other than an action by or in the right of the corporation) by reason of the fact that such person is or was a director of the corporation or an officer of the corporation, or while a director of the corporation or officer of the corporation is or was serving at the request of the corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, against expenses (including attorneys’ fees), judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by such person in connection with such Proceeding if such person acted in good faith and in a manner such person reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the corporation, and, with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, had no reasonable cause to believe such person’s conduct was unlawful. The termination of any Proceeding by judgment, order, settlement, conviction, or upon a plea of nolo contendere or its equivalent, shall not, of itself, create a presumption that the person did not act in good faith and in a manner which such person reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the corporation, and, with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, had reasonable cause to believe that such person’s conduct was unlawful.
8.2 INDEMNIFICATION OF DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS IN ACTIONS BY OR IN THE RIGHT OF THE CORPORATION
Subject to the other provisions of this Article VIII, the corporation shall indemnify, to the fullest extent permitted by the DGCL, as now or hereinafter in effect, any person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action or suit by or in the right of the corporation to procure a judgment in its favor by reason of the fact that such person is or was a director or officer of the corporation, or while a director or officer of the corporation is or was serving at the request of the corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise against expenses (including attorneys’ fees) actually and reasonably incurred by such person in connection with the defense or settlement of such action or suit if such person acted in good faith and in a manner such person reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the corporation; except that no indemnification shall be made in respect of any claim, issue or matter as to which such person shall have been adjudged to be liable to the corporation unless and only to the extent that the Court of Chancery or the court in which such action or suit was brought shall determine upon application that, despite the adjudication of liability but in view of all the circumstances of the case, such person is fairly and reasonably entitled to indemnity for such expenses which the Court of Chancery or such other court shall deem proper.
8.3 SUCCESSFUL DEFENSE
To the extent that a present or former director or officer of the corporation has been successful on the merits or otherwise in defense of any action, suit or proceeding described in Section 8.1 or Section 8.2, or in defense of any claim, issue or matter therein, such person shall be indemnified against expenses (including attorneys’ fees) actually and reasonably incurred by such person in connection therewith.

    
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8.4 INDEMNIFICATION OF OTHERS; ADVANCE PAYMENT TO OTHERS
Subject to the other provisions of this Article VIII, the corporation shall have power to advance expenses to and indemnify its employees and its agents to the extent not prohibited by the DGCL or other applicable law. The board of directors shall have the power to delegate the determination of whether employees or agents shall be indemnified or receive an advancement of expenses to such person or persons as the board of directors determines.
8.5 ADVANCE PAYMENT OF EXPENSES
Expenses (including attorneys’ fees) incurred by an officer or director of the corporation in defending any Proceeding shall be paid by the corporation in advance of the final disposition of such Proceeding upon receipt of a written request therefor (together with documentation reasonably evidencing such expenses) and an undertaking by or on behalf of the person to repay such amounts if it shall ultimately be determined that the person is not entitled to be indemnified under this Article VIII or the DGCL. Such expenses (including attorneys’ fees) incurred by former directors and officers or other employees and agents may be so paid upon such terms and conditions, if any, as the corporation deems reasonably appropriate and shall be subject to the corporation’s expense guidelines. The right to advancement of expenses shall not apply to any claim for which indemnity is excluded pursuant to these bylaws, but shall apply to any Proceeding referenced in Section 8.6(ii) or 8.6(iii) prior to a determination that the person is not entitled to be indemnified by the corporation.
8.6 LIMITATION ON INDEMNIFICATION
Subject to the requirements in Section 8.3 and the DGCL, the corporation shall not be obligated to indemnify any person pursuant to this Article VIII in connection with any Proceeding (or any part of any Proceeding):
(i) for which payment has actually been made to or on behalf of such person under any statute, insurance policy, indemnity provision, vote or otherwise, except with respect to any excess beyond the amount paid;
(ii) for an accounting or disgorgement of profits pursuant to Section 16(b) of the 1934 Act, or similar provisions of federal, state or local statutory law or common law, if such person is held liable therefor (including pursuant to any settlement arrangements);
(iii) for any reimbursement of the corporation by such person of any bonus or other incentive-based or equity-based compensation or of any profits realized by such person from the sale of securities of the corporation, as required in each case under the 1934 Act (including any such reimbursements that arise from an accounting restatement of the corporation pursuant to Section 304 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (the “ Sarbanes-Oxley Act ”), or the payment to the corporation of profits arising from the purchase and sale by such person of securities in violation of Section 306 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act), if such person is held liable therefor (including pursuant to any settlement arrangements);
(iv) initiated by such person against the corporation or its directors, officers, employees, agents or other indemnitees, unless (a) the board of directors authorized the Proceeding (or the relevant part of the Proceeding) prior to its initiation, (b) the corporation provides the indemnification, in its sole discretion, pursuant to the powers vested in the corporation under applicable law, (c) otherwise required to be made under Section 8.7 or (d) otherwise required by applicable law; or

    
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(v) if prohibited by applicable law; provided, however , that if any provision or provisions of this Article VIII shall be held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable for any reason whatsoever: (1) the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions of this Article VIII (including, without limitation, each portion of any paragraph or clause containing any such provision held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable, that is not itself held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable) shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby; and (2) to the fullest extent possible, the provisions of this Article VIII (including, without limitation, each such portion of any paragraph or clause containing any such provision held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable) shall be construed so as to give effect to the intent manifested by the provision held invalid, illegal or unenforceable.
8.7 DETERMINATION; CLAIM
If a claim for indemnification or advancement of expenses under this Article VIII is not paid in full within 90 days after receipt by the corporation of the written request therefor, the claimant shall be entitled to an adjudication by a court of competent jurisdiction of his or her entitlement to such indemnification or advancement of expenses. The corporation shall indemnify such person against any and all expenses that are incurred by such person in connection with any action for indemnification or advancement of expenses from the corporation under this Article VIII, to the extent such person is successful in such action, and to the extent not prohibited by law. In any such suit, the corporation shall, to the fullest extent not prohibited by law, have the burden of proving that the claimant is not entitled to the requested indemnification or advancement of expenses.
8.8 NON-EXCLUSIVITY OF RIGHTS
The indemnification and advancement of expenses provided by, or granted pursuant to, this Article VIII shall not be deemed exclusive of any other rights to which those seeking indemnification or advancement of expenses may be entitled under the certificate of incorporation or any statute, bylaw, agreement, vote of stockholders or disinterested directors or otherwise, both as to action in such person’s official capacity and as to action in another capacity while holding such office. The corporation is specifically authorized to enter into individual contracts with any or all of its directors, officers, employees or agents respecting indemnification and advancement of expenses, to the fullest extent not prohibited by the DGCL or other applicable law.
8.9 INSURANCE
The corporation may purchase and maintain insurance on behalf of any person who is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of the corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise against any liability asserted against such person and incurred by such person in any such capacity, or arising out of such person’s status as such, whether or not the corporation would have the power to indemnify such person against such liability under the provisions of the DGCL.
8.10 SURVIVAL
The rights to indemnification and advancement of expenses conferred by this Article VIII shall continue as to a person who has ceased to be a director, officer, employee or agent and shall inure to the benefit of the heirs, executors and administrators of such a person.

    
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8.11 EFFECT OF REPEAL OR MODIFICATION
Any amendment, alteration or repeal of this Article VIII shall not adversely affect any right or protection hereunder of any person in respect of any act or omission occurring prior to such amendment, alteration or repeal.
8.12 CERTAIN DEFINITIONS
For purposes of this Article VIII, references to the “ corporation ” shall include, in addition to the resulting corporation, any constituent corporation (including any constituent of a constituent) absorbed in a consolidation or merger which, if its separate existence had continued, would have had power and authority to indemnify its directors, officers, employees or agents, so that any person who is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of such constituent corporation, or is or was serving at the request of such constituent corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, shall stand in the same position under the provisions of this Article VIII with respect to the resulting or surviving corporation as such person would have with respect to such constituent corporation if its separate existence had continued. For purposes of this Article VIII, references to “ other enterprises ” shall include employee benefit plans; references to “ fines ” shall include any excise taxes assessed on a person with respect to an employee benefit plan (excluding any “parachute payments” within the meanings of Sections 280G and 4999 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended); and references to “ serving at the request of the corporation ” shall include any service as a director, officer, employee or agent of the corporation which imposes duties on, or involves services by, such director, officer, employee or agent with respect to an employee benefit plan, its participants or beneficiaries; and a person who acted in good faith and in a manner such person reasonably believed to be in the interest of the participants and beneficiaries of an employee benefit plan shall be deemed to have acted in a manner “ not opposed to the best interests of the corporation ” as referred to in this Article VIII.
ARTICLE IX — GENERAL MATTERS
9.1 EXECUTION OF CORPORATE CONTRACTS AND INSTRUMENTS
Except as otherwise provided by law, the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws, the board of directors may authorize any officer or officers, or agent or agents, to enter into any contract or execute any document or instrument in the name of and on behalf of the corporation; such authority may be general or confined to specific instances. Unless so authorized or ratified by the board of directors or within the agency power of an officer, no officer, agent or employee shall have any power or authority to bind the corporation by any contract or engagement or to pledge its credit or to render it liable for any purpose or for any amount.
9.2 FISCAL YEAR
The fiscal year of the corporation shall be fixed by resolution of the board of directors and may be changed by the board of directors.
9.3 SEAL
The corporation may adopt a corporate seal, which shall be adopted and which may be altered by the board of directors. The corporation may use the corporate seal by causing it or a facsimile thereof to be impressed or affixed or in any other manner reproduced.

    
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9.4 CONSTRUCTION; DEFINITIONS
Unless the context requires otherwise, the general provisions, rules of construction, and definitions in the DGCL shall govern the construction of these bylaws. Without limiting the generality of this provision, the singular number includes the plural, the plural number includes the singular, and the term “ person ” includes both an entity and a natural person.
ARTICLE X — AMENDMENTS
These bylaws may be adopted, amended or repealed by the stockholders entitled to vote; provided, however , that the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the total voting power of all outstanding shares of capital stock of the corporation entitled to vote thereon, voting together as a single class, shall be required for the stockholders of the corporation to alter, amend or repeal, or adopt any bylaw inconsistent with, the following provisions of these bylaws: Article II, Sections 3.1, 3.2, 3.4 and 3.11 of Article III, Article VIII and this Article X (including, without limitation, any such Article or Section as renumbered as a result of any amendment, alteration, change, repeal, or adoption of any other Bylaw). The board of directors, acting by the affirmative vote of at least a majority of the Whole Board, shall also have the power to adopt, amend or repeal bylaws; provided, however , that a bylaw amendment adopted by stockholders which specifies the votes that shall be necessary for the election of directors shall not be further amended or repealed by the board of directors.



    
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Exhibit 31.1
CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER
PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
I, Patrick Soon-Shiong, certify that:
1. I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of NantHealth, Inc.;
2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
4. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) for the registrant and have:
(a)
Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
(b)
Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
(c)
Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
5. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
(a)
All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
(b)
Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.
 
Date: August 15, 2016
By:
/s/ Patrick Soon-Shiong 
 
 
Dr. Patrick Soon-Shiong
 
 
Chief Executive Officer and Chairman
 
 
(Principal Executive Officer)




Exhibit 31.2
CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER
PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
I, Paul Holt, certify that:
1. I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of NantHealth, Inc.;
2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
4. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) for the registrant and have:
(a)
Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
(b)
Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
(c)
Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
5. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
(a)
All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
(b)
Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.
 
Date: August 15, 2016
By:
/s/ Paul Holt 
 
 
Paul Holt
 
 
Chief Financial Officer
 
 
(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)





Exhibit 32.1
CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER
PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
Pursuant to the requirement set forth in Rule 13a-14(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), and Section 1350 of Chapter 63 of Title 18 of the United States Code (18 U.S.C. §1350), I, Patrick Soon-Shiong, hereby certify that, to my knowledge:
(i)
the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2016 to which this Certification is attached as Exhibit 32.1 (the “Report”) fully complies with the requirements of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, and
(ii)
that the information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of NantHealth, Inc.
Date: August 15, 2016
 
By:
/s/ Patrick Soon-Shiong
 
Dr. Patrick Soon-Shiong
 
Chief Executive Officer and Chairman
 
(Principal Executive Officer)
This certification accompanies the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q to which it relates, is not deemed filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission and is not to be incorporated by reference into any filing of NantHealth, Inc. under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Exchange Act (whether made before or after the date of the Form 10-Q), irrespective of any general incorporation language contained in such filing.





Exhibit 32.2
CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER
PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
Pursuant to the requirement set forth in Rule 13a-14(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), and Section 1350 of Chapter 63 of Title 18 of the United States Code (18 U.S.C. §1350), I, Paul Holt, hereby certify that, to my knowledge:
(i)
the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2016 to which this Certification is attached as Exhibit 32.2 (the “Report”) fully complies with the requirements of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, and
(ii)
that the information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of NantHealth, Inc.
Date: August 15, 2016
 
By:
/s/ Paul Holt
 
Chief Financial Officer
 
(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

This certification accompanies the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q to which it relates, is not deemed filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission and is not to be incorporated by reference into any filing of NantHealth, Inc. under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Exchange Act (whether made before or after the date of the Form 10-Q), irrespective of any general incorporation language contained in such filing.