☐
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REGISTRATION STATEMENT PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(b) OR 12(g) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
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☒
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ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the fiscal year ended: 31 December 2019
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☐
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TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from: to
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Commission file number: 001-10533
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Commission file number: 001-34121
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Rio Tinto plc
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Rio Tinto Limited
ABN 96 004 458 404
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(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)
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(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)
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England and Wales
(Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organisation)
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Victoria, Australia
(Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organisation)
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6 St. James's Square
London, SW1Y 4AD, United Kingdom
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)
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Level 7, 360 Collins Street
Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)
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Title of Each Class
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Trading Symbol
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Name of Each Exchange
On Which Registered
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Title of Each Class
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Trading Symbol
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Name of Each Exchange
On Which Registered
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American Depositary Shares*
Ordinary Shares of 10p each**
3.750% Notes due 2025
7.125% Notes due 2028
5.200% Notes due 2040
4.750% Notes due 2042
4.125% Notes due 2042
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RIO
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New York Stock Exchange
New York Stock Exchange
New York Stock Exchange
New York Stock Exchange
New York Stock Exchange
New York Stock Exchange
New York Stock Exchange
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3.750% Notes due 2025
7.125% Notes due 2028
5.200% Notes due 2040
4.750% Notes due 2042
4.125% Notes due 2042
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__
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New York Stock Exchange
New York Stock Exchange
New York Stock Exchange
New York Stock Exchange
New York Stock Exchange
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*
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Evidenced by American Depositary Receipts. Each American Depositary Share Represents one Rio Tinto plc Ordinary Shares of 10p each.
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**
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Not for trading, but only in connection with the listing of American Depositary Shares, pursuant to the requirements of the Securities and Exchange Commission
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Title of Class
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Title of Class Shares
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None
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None
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None
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Title of each class
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Rio Tinto plc - Number
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Rio Tinto Limited - Number
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Title of each class
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||
Ordinary Shares of 10p each
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1,259,344,591
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371,216,214
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Shares
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DLC Dividend Share of 10p
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1
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1
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DLC Dividend Share
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Special Voting Share of 10p
|
1
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1
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Special Voting Share
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Large Accelerated Filer ☒
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Accelerated Filer ☐
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Non-Accelerated Filer ☐
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|
|
Emerging growth company ☐
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|
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|
|
•
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“Financial review” on pages 29 to 37;
|
•
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“Five year review” on page 81; and
|
•
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“Shareholder information-Dual listed companies structure” on pages 292 and 293
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•
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Identifying and evaluating risks that matter most in achieving strategic objectives, so resources can be prioritised in the most efficient and effective way
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•
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Effective communication of risk management information to decision makers across the Group, so we can respond at the right level of the organisation
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•
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Embedding risk awareness into all decision-making processes to support leaders in managing risks proactively and effectively to improve business performance by either creating or protecting value
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•
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First line assurance is the role of risk owners and business leaders. Oversight by senior leadership teams through the Risk, Assurance and Compliance forums chaired by product group chief executives and heads of functions.
|
•
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Second line assurance is provided by our central support functions and technical Centre of Excellence teams eg Underground Mining. As our Group standard-setters, their assurance activities are planned and managed by the Integrated Assurance Office (IAO). Management oversight of this assurance over material Group-level risks is supported by a quarterly Risk Management Committee meeting chaired by the Rio Tinto Group Chief Executive.
|
•
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Third line assurance is conducted by Group Internal Audit (GIA) to provide independent assurance that the risk management and internal controls are effective to the Board and its sub-committees.
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Market risks
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Commodity prices: risk and uncertainty
Commodity prices, driven by demand for and supply of the Group’s products, vary and may not be as expected over time. Exchange rate variations and geopolitical issues may offset or exacerbate this risk.
Strategic delivery:
Portfolio People
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Threats
Falling commodity prices, or adverse exchange rate movements, reduce cash flow, limiting profitability and shareholder returns. These may trigger impairments and/or impact rating agency metrics. Extended subdued prices may reflect a longer-term fall in demand for the Group’s products, and the reduced earnings and cash flow streams resulting from this may limit investment and/or growth opportunities.
Failure to deliver planned returns from commercial insights would negatively impact cash flows for the Group.
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China development pathway: risk and uncertainty
China’s growth pathway could impact demand for the Group’s products outside of expectations. China is the largest market for our products.
Strategic delivery:
Portfolio People
|
Threats
An economic slowdown in China, and/or a material change in policy, could result in a slowdown in demand for our products and reduced earnings and cash flow for the Group.
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Strategic risks
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Execution of acquisitions and divestments: risk and uncertainty
Our ability to secure planned value by successfully executing divestments and acquisitions may vary.
Strategic delivery:
Portfolio People Partners
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Threats
Divestment and acquisition activity incurs transaction costs that cannot be recouped. They may result in value destruction by realising less than fair value for divestments, or paying more than fair value or failing to integrate successfully acquisitions. The Group may also be liable for the past acts or omissions of assets it has acquired that were unforeseen or greater than anticipated at the time of acquisition. The Group may also face liabilities for divested entities if the buyer fails to honour commitments or the Group agrees to retain certain liabilities.
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Capital project development: risk and uncertainty
Large capital investments require multi-year execution plans and are complex. The Group’s ability to deliver projects to baseline plan, principally in terms of safety, cost and schedule, may vary due to changes in technical requirements, law and regulation, government or community expectations, or through commercial or economic assumptions proving inaccurate through the execution phase.
Strategic delivery:
Portfolio Performance
|
Threats
A delay or overrun in a project schedule and/or a significant safety or process safety incident could negatively impact the Group’s profitability, cash flows, ability to repay project-specific debt, asset carrying values, growth aspirations and relationships with key stakeholders.
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Strategic partnerships: risk and uncertainty
Strategic partnerships play a material role in delivering the Group’s growth, production, cash and market positioning, and these may not always develop as planned.
Strategic delivery:
Portfolio Performance Partners
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Threats
The capacity or financial circumstance or business disposition of our joint venture partners may present barriers to investment decisions and/or to the realisation of full value for the joint venture(s). For non-managed operations, the decisions of the controlling partners may cause adverse impacts to the value of the Group’s interest in the operation, or to its reputation, and may expose it to unexpected financial liability.
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Financial risk
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Liquidity: risk and uncertainty
External events and internal capital discipline may impact Group liquidity.
Strategic delivery:
Performance
|
Threats
The Group’s ability to raise sufficient funds for planned expenditure, such as capital growth and/or mergers and acquisitions, as well as the ability to weather a major economic downturn, could be compromised by a weak balance sheet and/or inadequate access to liquidity.
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Resources risks
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|
Exploration and resources: risk and uncertainty
The success of the Group’s exploration activity and estimates of Ore reserves and resources may vary.
Strategic delivery:
Portfolio Performance
|
Threats
A failure to discover new viable orebodies could undermine future growth prospects.
If new information comes to light, or operating conditions change, the economic viability of some Ore reserves and mine plans can be restated downwards. As a result, projects may be less successful and of shorter duration than initially anticipated, and/or the asset value may be impaired.
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Health, safety, environment and security risks
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Health, safety, environment and security: risk and uncertainty
Our operations and projects are inherently hazardous, with the potential to cause illness or injury, damage to the environment, disruption to a community or a threat to personal security.
Strategic delivery:
Portfolio People Performance Partners
|
Threats
Failure to manage our health, safety, environment or community risks could result in a catastrophic event or other long-term damage that could in turn harm the Group’s financial performance and licence to operate.
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Climate change
|
|
Climate change: risk and uncertainty
Climate change is a systemic challenge and will require coordinated actions between nations, between industries and by society at large. It requires a long-term perspective to address both physical climate change and low-carbon transition risks and uncertainties.
Strategic delivery:
Portfolio Partners
|
Threats
Current and emerging climate regulations have the potential to result in increased costs, change supply and demand dynamics for our products and create legal compliance issues and litigation, all of which could impact the Group’s financial performance and reputation. Our operations also face risk due to physical impacts of climate change, including extreme weather.
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Communities and other key stakeholder risks
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Sovereign: risk and uncertainty
The Group’s operations are located across a number of jurisdictions, which exposes the Group to a wide range of economic, political, societal and regulatory environments.
Strategic delivery:
Portfolio Performance Partners
|
Threats
Adverse actions by governments and other stakeholders can result in operational/project delays or loss of licence to operate. Other potential actions can include expropriation, changes in taxation, and export or foreign investment restrictions, which may threaten the investment proposition, title, or carrying value of assets. Legal frameworks with respect to policies such as energy, climate change and mineral law may also change in a way that increases costs.
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Closure, reclamation and rehabilitation: risk and uncertainty
Planning for the future of our sites after they cease their operating life is a core business function governed by our Closure Steering Committee. Estimated costs and liabilities are provided for, and updated annually, over the life of each operation. However, estimates may vary due to a number of factors that either create opportunities or challenges.
Strategic delivery:
Portfolio Performance Partners
|
Threats
Plans and provisions for closure, reclamation and rehabilitation may vary over time due to changes in stakeholders’ expectations, legislation, standards, technical understanding and techniques. In addition, the expected timing of expenditure could change significantly due to changes in the business environment and orebody knowledge that might vary the life of an operation.
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Governance risks
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Regulation and regulatory intervention: risk and uncertainty
The Group’s reputation and regulatory licences are dependent upon appropriate business conduct and are threatened by actual or perceived breaches of law, reputation and our code of conduct.
Strategic delivery:
People Partners
|
Threats
Fines may be imposed on Group companies for breaching anti-trust rules, anti-corruption legislation, or sanctions or for human rights violations, or for other inappropriate business conduct.
A serious allegation or formal investigation by regulatory authorities (regardless of ultimate finding) could result in a loss in share price value and/or assets or loss of business. Other consequences could include the criminal prosecution of individuals and/or Group companies, imprisonment, fines, legal liabilities and reputational damage to the Group.
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Operational and people risks
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|
Operational and commercial excellence: risk and uncertainty
Accessing, developing and retaining talent as Rio Tinto and our industry evolves presents a constant challenge. The Group’s ability to maintain its competitive position is dependent on the services of a wide range of internal and external skilled and experienced personnel and contracting partners.
Strategic delivery:
People Performance
|
Threats
Business interruption or underperformance may arise from a lack of capability in people, standards, processes or systems to prevent, mitigate or recover from an interruption (for example, a significant weather event), which results in a material loss to the Group.
|
•
|
“Our Strategy” on pages 20 and 21;
|
•
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“Key performance indicators” on pages 22 to 26;
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•
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“Chief Financial Officer’s statement” on pages 27 and 28;
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•
|
“Portfolio management-Capital projects” on page 38;
|
•
|
“Portfolio management-Material acquisitions and divestments” on page 39;
|
•
|
“Business reviews-Iron Ore” on pages 40 to 43;
|
•
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“Business reviews-Aluminium” on pages 44 to 47;
|
•
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“Business reviews-Copper and Diamonds” on pages 48 to 51;
|
•
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“Business reviews-Energy and Minerals” on pages 52 to 55;
|
•
|
“Business reviews-Growth and Innovation” on pages 56 and 57;
|
•
|
“Business reviews-Commercial” on pages 58 and 59;
|
•
|
“Sustainability” on pages 60 to 70;
|
•
|
“Governance-Additional statutory disclosure-Operating and financial review” on page 139;
|
•
|
“Financial statements Note 2-Operating segments” on pages 167 to 170; and
|
•
|
“Financial statements Note 37-Purchases and sales of subsidiaries, joint ventures, associates and other interests in businesses” on page 212;
|
•
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“Rio Tinto financial information by business unit” on pages 252 to 254;
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•
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“Shareholder information-Organisational structure” on page 292;
|
•
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“Shareholder information-History” on page 292;
|
•
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“Shareholder information-Nomenclature and financial data” on page 292;
|
•
|
“Shareholder information-Dual listed companies structure” on page 292; and
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•
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“Contact details-Registered offices” on page 299
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•
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“Chief Executive’s statement” on pages 10 to 13;
|
•
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“Our business model” on page 14;
|
•
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“Our values” on page 15;
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•
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“Strategic context” on pages 16 and 17;
|
•
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“Our stakeholders” on pages 18 and 19;
|
•
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“Our strategy” on pages 20 and 21;
|
•
|
“Key performance indicators” on pages 22 to 26;
|
•
|
“Chief Financial Officer’s statement” on pages 27 and 28;
|
•
|
“Financial review” on pages 29 to 37;
|
•
|
“Business reviews-Iron Ore” on pages 40 to 43;
|
•
|
“Business reviews-Aluminium” on pages 44 to 47;
|
•
|
“Business reviews-Copper and Diamonds” on pages 48 to 51;
|
•
|
“Business reviews-Energy and Minerals” on pages 52 to 55;
|
•
|
“Business reviews-Growth and Innovation” on pages 56 and 57;
|
•
|
“Business reviews-Commercial” on pages 58 and 59;
|
•
|
“Sustainability” report on pages 60 to 70;
|
•
|
“Governance-Additional statutory disclosure-Government regulations” on page 142;
|
•
|
“Governance-Additional statutory disclosure-Environmental regulations” on page 142;
|
•
|
“Financial statements Note 3-Operating segments-additional information” on pages 171 and 172;
|
•
|
“Metals and minerals production” on pages 270 to 272;
|
•
|
“Ore reserves” on pages 273 to 280; and
|
•
|
“Mines and production facilities” on pages 282 to 287
|
•
|
“Financial statements Note 33-Principal subsidiaries” on pages 207 to 209;
|
•
|
“Financial statements Note 34-Principal joint operations” on page 209;
|
•
|
“Financial statements Note 35-Principal joint ventures” on page 210;
|
•
|
“Financial statements Note 36-Principal associates” on pages 211 and 212; and
|
•
|
“Shareholder information-Organisational structure” on page 292
|
•
|
“Key performance indicators” on pages 22 to 26;
|
•
|
“Portfolio management-Capital projects” on page 38;
|
•
|
“Business reviews-Iron Ore” on pages 40 to 43;
|
•
|
“Business reviews-Aluminium” on pages 44 to 47;
|
•
|
“Business reviews-Copper and Diamonds” on pages 48 to 51;
|
•
|
“Business reviews-Energy and Minerals” on pages 52 to 55;
|
•
|
“Business reviews-Growth and Innovation” on pages 56 and 57;
|
•
|
“Business reviews-Commercial” on pages 58 and 59;
|
•
|
“Sustainability” on pages 60 to 70;
|
•
|
“Governance-Additional statutory disclosure-Environmental regulations” on page 142;
|
•
|
“Governance-Additional statutory disclosure-Greenhouse gas emissions” on page 142;
|
•
|
“Financial statements Note 14-Property, plant and equipment” on pages 180 to 182;
|
•
|
“Metals and minerals production” on pages 270 to 272;
|
•
|
“Ore reserves” on pages 273 to 280; and
|
•
|
“Mines and production facilities” on pages 282 to 287
|
•
|
“Financial review” on pages 29 to 37;
|
•
|
“Business reviews-Iron Ore” on pages 40 to 43;
|
•
|
“Business reviews-Aluminium” on pages 44 to 47;
|
•
|
“Business reviews-Copper and Diamonds” on pages 48 to 51;
|
•
|
“Business reviews-Energy and Minerals” on pages 52 to 55;
|
•
|
“Business reviews-Growth and Innovation” on pages 56 and 57;
|
•
|
“Business reviews-Commercial” on pages 58 and 59;
|
•
|
“Sustainability” on pages 60 to 70;
|
•
|
“Governance-Additional statutory disclosure-Government regulations” on page 142;
|
•
|
“Governance-Additional statutory disclosure-Environmental regulations” on page 142; and
|
•
|
“Financial statements Note 30-Financial instruments and risk management” on pages 193 to 203
|
Financial performance of 2019 compared to 2018
|
|
|
||
|
2019 vs 2018
|
|||
|
$m
|
|
$m
|
|
2018 Net earnings
|
|
13,638
|
|
|
Prices(a)
|
4,382
|
|
|
|
Exchange rates(a)
|
529
|
|
|
|
Volume and mix(a)
|
(20
|
)
|
|
|
General inflation(a)
|
(303
|
)
|
|
|
Energy(a)
|
75
|
|
|
|
Operating cash cost movements(a)
|
(523
|
)
|
|
|
Higher exploration and evaluation spend(a)
|
(136
|
)
|
|
|
One-off items(a)
|
(16
|
)
|
|
|
Absence of underlying EBITDA from assets divested in 2018, including coking coal(a)
|
(1,246
|
)
|
|
|
Non-cash / other(a)
|
319
|
|
|
|
Total changes in underlying EBITDA
|
3,061
|
|
|
|
Decrease in depreciation and amortisation (pre-tax)
in underlying earnings
|
(366
|
)
|
|
|
Decrease in interest and finance items (pre-tax) in
underlying earnings
|
32
|
|
|
|
Increase in tax on underlying earnings
|
(1,011
|
)
|
|
|
Increase in underlying earnings attributable to outside interests
|
(151
|
)
|
|
|
Total change in underlying earnings(b)
|
|
1,565
|
|
|
Increase in net impairment charges
|
(1,554
|
)
|
|
|
Decrease in gains on consolidation and gains on
disposals
|
(4,287
|
)
|
|
|
Movement in exchange differences and gains/losses on derivatives
|
(904
|
)
|
|
|
Other
|
(448
|
)
|
|
|
Total changes in exclusions from underlying earnings
|
|
(7,193
|
)
|
|
2019 net earnings
|
|
8,010
|
|
|
Profit attributable to non-controlling interests
|
|
(1,038
|
)
|
|
Profit for the year
|
|
6,972
|
|
(a)
|
These variances represent the impact on underlying EBITDA.
|
(b)
|
Earnings contributions from Group businesses and business segments are based on underlying earnings. Amounts excluded from net earnings in arriving at underlying earnings are described in “Financial statements Note 2-Operating segments” on page 170 of the Annual report 2019.
|
|
2018 vs 2017
|
|||
|
$m
|
|
$m
|
|
2017 Net earnings
|
|
8,762
|
|
|
Prices(a)
|
277
|
|
|
|
Exchange rates(a)
|
286
|
|
|
|
Volume and mix(a)
|
863
|
|
|
|
General inflation(a)
|
(301
|
)
|
|
|
Energy(a)
|
(436
|
)
|
|
|
Operating cash cost movements (a)
|
(750
|
)
|
|
|
Higher exploration and evaluation spend(a)
|
(43
|
)
|
|
|
One-off items (a)
|
(23
|
)
|
|
|
Non-cash / other(a)
|
(317
|
)
|
|
|
Total changes in underlying EBITDA
|
(444
|
)
|
|
|
Decrease in depreciation and amortisation (pre-tax)
in underlying earnings
|
391
|
|
|
|
Decrease in interest and finance items (pre-tax) in
underlying earnings
|
385
|
|
|
|
Increase in tax on underlying earnings
|
(149
|
)
|
|
|
Increase in underlying earnings attributable to outside interests
|
(2
|
)
|
|
|
Total change in underlying earnings(b)
|
|
181
|
|
|
Decrease in net impairment charges
|
377
|
|
|
|
Increase in gains on consolidation and gains on
disposals
|
1,974
|
|
|
|
Movement in exchange differences and gains/losses on debt
|
1,514
|
|
|
|
Other
|
830
|
|
|
|
Total changes in exclusions from underlying earnings
|
|
4,695
|
|
|
2018 net earnings
|
|
13,638
|
|
|
Profit attributable to non-controlling interests
|
|
287
|
|
|
Profit for the year
|
|
13,925
|
|
(a)
|
These variances represent the impact on EBITDA.
|
(b)
|
Earnings contributions from Group businesses and business segments are based on underlying earnings.
|
|
2019
|
|
2018
|
|
2017
|
|
|
$m
|
|
$m
|
|
$m
|
|
Impairment charges
|
(1,658
|
)
|
(104
|
)
|
(481
|
)
|
Net (losses)/gains on consolidation and disposal of interests in businesses
|
(291
|
)
|
3,996
|
|
2,022
|
|
Foreign exchange and derivative gains / (losses) on US dollar net debt and intragroup balances and derivatives not qualifying for hedge accounting
|
(200
|
)
|
704
|
|
(810
|
)
|
Gain on sale of wharf and land in Kitimat, Canada
|
—
|
|
569
|
|
—
|
|
Changes in closure estimates (non-operating and fully impaired sites)
|
—
|
|
(335
|
)
|
—
|
|
Changes in corporate tax rates
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
(439
|
)
|
Rio Tinto Kennecott insurance settlement
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
45
|
|
Adjustment to deferred tax assets relating to expected divestments
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
(202
|
)
|
Other exclusions
|
(214
|
)
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
Total excluded in arriving at underlying earnings
|
(2,363
|
)
|
4,830
|
|
135
|
|
Net earnings
|
8,010
|
|
13,638
|
|
8,762
|
|
Underlying earnings
|
10,373
|
|
8,808
|
|
8,627
|
|
Underlying Earnings by product group 2017-2019
|
2019
|
|
2018
|
|
2017
|
|
|
$m
|
|
$m
|
|
$m
|
|
Iron Ore(a)
|
9,638
|
|
6,531
|
|
6,695
|
|
Aluminium
|
599
|
|
1,347
|
|
1,583
|
|
Copper & Diamonds
|
554
|
|
1,054
|
|
263
|
|
Energy & Minerals(a)(b)
|
611
|
|
995
|
|
1,239
|
|
Other operations
|
(89
|
)
|
(102
|
)
|
(138
|
)
|
Other items/Intrasegment eliminations
|
(587
|
)
|
(690
|
)
|
(483
|
)
|
Exploration and evaluation
|
(231
|
)
|
(193
|
)
|
(178
|
)
|
Net interest
|
(122
|
)
|
(134
|
)
|
(354
|
)
|
Group underlying earnings
|
10,373
|
|
8,808
|
|
8,627
|
|
Exclusions
|
(2,363
|
)
|
4,830
|
|
135
|
|
Net Earnings
|
8,010
|
|
13,638
|
|
8,762
|
|
(a)
|
2018 and 2017 underlying earnings has been restated for Iron Ore and Energy & Minerals to adjust for the move of Dampier Salt from the Energy & Minerals product group to the Iron Ore product group in the first half of 2019.
|
(b)
|
Includes the Simandou iron ore project in Guinea and Iron Ore Company of Canada.
|
(a)
|
Consolidated sales revenue for 2019 of $43.2 billion was $2.6 billion or 7% higher than the prior period. Gross sales revenue (including the sales revenue of equity accounted units on a proportionately consolidated basis, after adjusting for sales to subsidiaries) increased from $42.8 billion to $45.4 billion. Rio Tinto’s sales revenue continues to be predominantly attributable to iron ore and aluminium.
|
|
|
|
2019
|
2018
|
2017
|
|
Commodity
|
Source
|
Unit
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
|
Average prices
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Iron ore 62% Fe Fines FOB
|
Platts Index less
Baltic Exchange
Freight Rate
|
dmt(a)
|
85.0
|
61.8
|
64.1
|
|
Aluminium
|
LME(b)
|
Tonne
|
1,791
|
2,110
|
1,969
|
|
Copper
|
LME(b)
|
Pound
|
2.73
|
2.97
|
2.81
|
|
Gold
|
London Bullion Market (LBMA)
|
Ounce
|
1,393
|
1,269
|
1,257
|
|
Year end spot price
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Aluminium
|
|
Tonne
|
1,523
|
1,863
|
2,256
|
|
Copper
|
|
Pound
|
2.79
|
2.70
|
3.27
|
|
Gold
|
|
Ounce
|
1,523
|
1,282
|
1,306
|
(a)
|
Dry metric tonne
|
(b)
|
LME cash price
|
For year ended 31 December
|
2019
$m
|
2018
$m
|
|
Net cash generated from operating activities
|
14,912
|
11,821
|
|
Purchases of property, plant and equipment and intangible assets
|
(5,488)
|
(5,430
|
)
|
Sales of property, plant and equipment and intangible assets
|
49
|
586
|
|
Lease principal payments
|
(315)
|
—
|
|
Free cash flow
|
9,158
|
6,977
|
|
|
2019
|
|
2018
|
|
|
$m
|
|
$m
|
|
Equity attributable to owners of Rio Tinto
|
40,532
|
|
43,686
|
|
Equity attributable to non-controlling interests
|
4,710
|
|
6,137
|
|
Net debt/(cash) (Financial Statements Note 24 of the Annual report 2019)
|
3,651
|
|
(255
|
)
|
Total capital
|
48,893
|
|
49,568
|
|
|
Average exchange
rate for 2019
|
|
Effect on underlying
EBITDA of 10% change
in full year average
|
|
|
US cents
|
|
+/- $m
|
|
Australian dollar
|
0.70
|
|
(529
|
)
|
Canadian dollar
|
0.75
|
|
(199
|
)
|
|
|
Average market price
for 2019
|
|
Effect on underlying
EBITDA of 10% change
in full year average
|
|
Commodity
|
Unit
|
$
|
|
+/- $m
|
|
Iron ore
62% Fe Fines FOB
|
dmt
|
85.0
|
|
2,061
|
|
Aluminium
|
Tonne
|
1,791
|
|
482
|
|
Copper
|
Pound
|
2.73
|
|
350
|
|
Gold
|
Ounce
|
1,393
|
|
54
|
|
•
|
“Portfolio management-Capital projects” on page 38;
|
•
|
“Business reviews-Iron Ore-New projects and growth options” on page 43;
|
•
|
“Business reviews-Aluminium-New projects and growth options” on page 47;
|
•
|
“Business reviews-Copper and Diamonds-Other new projects and growth options” on page 51;
|
•
|
“Business reviews-Energy and Minerals-New projects and growth options” on page 55;
|
•
|
“Financial statements Note 22-Borrowings and other financial liabilities” on page 187; and
|
•
|
“Financial statements Note 30-Financial instruments and risk management” on pages 193 to 203
|
•
|
“Business reviews-Growth and Innovation” on pages 56 and 57;
|
•
|
“Governance-Additional statutory disclosure-Exploration, research and development” on page 142; and
|
•
|
“Financial statements Note 4-Net operating costs (excluding items shown separately)” on page 172
|
•
|
“Chairman’s statement” on pages 6 to 9;
|
•
|
“Chief Executive’s statement” on pages 10 to 13;
|
•
|
“Our business model” on page 14;
|
•
|
“Our values” on page 15;
|
•
|
“Strategic context” on pages 16 and 17;
|
•
|
“Our stakeholders” on pages 18 and 19;
|
•
|
“Our strategy” on pages 20 and 21;
|
•
|
“Chief Financial Officer’s statement” on pages 27 and 28;
|
•
|
“Financial review” on pages 29 to 37;
|
•
|
“Business reviews-Iron Ore” on pages 40 to 43;
|
•
|
“Business reviews-Aluminium” on pages 44 to 47;
|
•
|
“Business reviews-Copper and Diamonds” on pages 48 to 51;
|
•
|
“Business reviews-Energy and Minerals” on pages 52 to 55;
|
•
|
“Business reviews-Growth and Innovation” on pages 56 and 57; and
|
•
|
“Business reviews-Commercial” on pages 58 and 59
|
–
|
Post retirement commitments and funding arrangements is provided in “Financial statements Note 44-Post-retirement benefits” on pages 218 to 223 of the Annual report 2019.
|
–
|
Information regarding the Group’s close-down and restoration obligations is provided in “Financial statements Note 26-Provisions (including post-retirement benefits)” on page 189 of the Annual report 2019.
|
–
|
Information regarding contingent liabilities, guarantees and commitments is provided in “Financial statements Note 31-Contingencies and commitments” on pages 203 to 205 of the Annual report 2019.
|
–
|
Information on the Group's commitments relating to leases is provided in “Financial statements Note 23-Leases” on pages 187 and 188 of the Annual report 2019.
|
–
|
Information regarding the Group's obligation to its financial liabilities is provided in “Financial statements Note 30-Financial instruments and risk management” on pages 193 to 203 of the Annual report 2019.
|
–
|
Information regarding taxes payable obligations is provided on the Group's balance sheet. Taxes payable include balances that relate to uncertain tax positions. This may mean the commitment is greater or less than that provided.
|
|
<1 yr
|
|
1-3 yrs
|
|
3-5 yrs
|
|
> 5 yrs
|
|
Total
|
|
At 31 December 2019
|
$m
|
|
$m
|
|
$m
|
|
$m
|
|
$m
|
|
Expenditure commitments in relation to:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
Other (capital commitments)
|
(3,069
|
)
|
(851
|
)
|
(133
|
)
|
—
|
|
(4,053
|
)
|
|
(3,069
|
)
|
(851
|
)
|
(133
|
)
|
—
|
|
(4,053
|
)
|
Long-term debt and other financial obligations*:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
Trade and other financial payables
|
(4,841
|
)
|
(57
|
)
|
(29
|
)
|
(380
|
)
|
(5,307
|
)
|
Borrowings before Swaps
|
(723
|
)
|
(836
|
)
|
(1,950
|
)
|
(9,320
|
)
|
(12,829
|
)
|
Lease liability payments
|
(349
|
)
|
(424
|
)
|
(226
|
)
|
(671
|
)
|
(1,670
|
)
|
Expected Future Interest payments
|
(607
|
)
|
(1,184
|
)
|
(1,065
|
)
|
(3,518
|
)
|
(6,374
|
)
|
Asset retirement obligations
|
(541
|
)
|
(955
|
)
|
(1,100
|
)
|
(13,470
|
)
|
(16,066
|
)
|
Purchase obligations
|
(2,920
|
)
|
(3,136
|
)
|
(2,166
|
)
|
(8,697
|
)
|
(16,919
|
)
|
Other
|
(391
|
)
|
(58
|
)
|
(105
|
)
|
(209
|
)
|
(763
|
)
|
|
(10,372
|
)
|
(6,650
|
)
|
(6,641
|
)
|
(36,265
|
)
|
(59,928
|
)
|
Total
|
(13,441
|
)
|
(7,501
|
)
|
(6,774
|
)
|
(36,265
|
)
|
(63,981
|
)
|
•
|
“Governance-Board of directors” on pages 84 and 85; and
|
•
|
“Governance-Executive committee” on pages 86 and 87
|
•
|
“Governance-Remuneration report” on pages 110 to 138;
|
•
|
“Governance-Remuneration report tables” on pages 130 to 137;
|
•
|
“Financial statements Note 26-Provisions (including post-retirement benefits)” on page 189; and
|
•
|
“Financial statements Note 44-Post-retirement benefits” on pages 218 to 223
|
•
|
“Governance-Board of directors” on pages 84 and 85;
|
•
|
“Governance-Executive committee” on pages 86 and 87;
|
•
|
“Governance-Chairman’s governance review” on pages 88 and 89;
|
•
|
“Governance” on pages 84 to 105;
|
•
|
“Governance-Compliance with governance codes and standards” on pages 106 to 109;
|
•
|
“Governance-Remuneration report-Termination policy” on page 114;
|
•
|
“Governance-Remuneration report-Service contracts” on page 123; and
|
•
|
“Shareholder information-Directors-Appointment and removal of directors” on page 297
|
•
|
“Our stakeholders-Employees” on page 19;
|
•
|
“Sustainability-Safety and health performance 2015-2019” on page 63;
|
•
|
“Financial statements Note 5-Employment costs” on page 173; and
|
•
|
“Financial statements Note 32-Average number of employees” on page 206
|
•
|
“Governance-Remuneration report-Other share plans” on page 128;
|
•
|
“Governance-Remuneration report tables-table 2, 3 and 3a” on pages 133 to 137;
|
•
|
“Financial statements Note 43-Share-based payments” on pages 215 to 217; and
|
•
|
“Shareholder information-Substantial shareholders” on page 294
|
•
|
“Shareholder information-Substantial shareholders” on page 294;
|
•
|
“Shareholder information-Analysis of ordinary shareholders” on page 295; and
|
•
|
“Shareholder information-Twenty largest registered shareholders” on page 295
|
•
|
“Financial review-Our shareholder returns policy” on page 36;
|
•
|
“Sustainability-Ethics and integrity” on pages 68 and 69; and
|
•
|
“Financial statements Note 31-Contingencies and commitments” on pages 203 to 205
|
•
|
“Financial review-Our shareholder returns policy” on page 36;
|
•
|
“Governance-Compliance with governance codes and standards” on pages 106 to 109;
|
•
|
“Shareholder information-Material contracts” on pages 296 and 297;
|
•
|
“Shareholder information-Dual listed companies structure” on pages 292 and 293; and
|
•
|
“Shareholder information-Exchange controls and foreign investment” on page 297
|
•
|
“Financial statements Note 30-Financial instruments and risk management” on pages 193 to 203; and
|
•
|
“Shareholder information-Material contracts” on pages 296 and 297
|
•
|
“Financial statements Note 30-Financial instruments and risk management” on pages 193 to 203; and
|
•
|
“Cautionary statement about forward-looking statements” on page 300
|
Category
|
Depositary actions
|
Associated fee
|
|
Issuance of ADSs against the deposit of shares, including deposits and issuance in respect of:
–
Share distributions, stock split, rights, merger
–
Exchange of securities or other transactions
–
Other events or distributions affecting the ADSs or the deposited securities
|
$5.00 per 100 ADSs (or portion thereof) evidenced by the new ADSs delivered
|
Selling or exercising rights
|
Distribution or sale of securities, the fee being in an amount equal to the fee for the execution and delivery of ADSs which would have been charged as a result of the deposit of such securities
|
$5.00 for each 100 ADSs (or portion thereof)
|
Withdrawing an underlying share
|
Acceptance of ADSs surrendered for withdrawal of deposited securities
|
$5.00 for each 100 ADSs (or portion thereof) evidenced by the ADSs surrendered
|
Transferring, splitting or grouping receipts
|
Transfers, combining or grouping of depositary receipts
|
$1.50 per ADS
|
General depositary services, particularly those charged on an annual basis
|
Other services performed by the depositary in administering the ADRs
Provide information about the depositary’s right, if any, to collect fees and charges by offsetting them against dividends received and deposited securities
|
$0.02 per ADS (or portion thereof) not more than once each calendar year and payable at the sole discretion of the depositary by billing holders or deducting such charge from one or more cash dividends or other cash distributions
|
Expenses of the depositary
|
Expenses incurred on behalf of holders in connection with:
–
Compliance with foreign exchange control regulations or any law or regulation relating to foreign investment
–
The depositary’s or its custodian’s compliance with applicable law, rule or regulation
–
Stock transfer or other taxes and other governmental charges
–
Cable, telex, facsimile and electronic transmission/delivery
–
Expenses of the depositary in connection with the conversion of foreign currency into US dollars (which are paid out of such foreign currency)
–
Any other charge payable by the depositary or its agents
|
Expenses payable at the sole discretion of the depositary by billing holders or by deducting charges from one or more cash dividends or other cash distributions
|
•
|
“Sustainability-Ethics and Integrity” on pages 68 and 69; and
|
•
|
“Governance-Audit Committee report-Ethics, integrity and the whistleblowing programme” on page 103
|
•
|
“Governance-Audit Committee report-Fees for audit and non-audit services” on page 102;
|
•
|
“Governance-Audit Committee report-External auditors” on page 102; and
|
•
|
“Financial statements Note 39-Auditors’ remuneration” on page 214
|
•
|
“Governance-Additional statutory disclosure-Share capital” on pages 139 and 140;
|
•
|
“Governance-Additional statutory disclosure-Purchases” on page 141;
|
•
|
“Financial statements Note 27- Share Capital Rio Tinto plc” on page 190; and
|
•
|
“Financial statements Note 28- Share Capital Rio Tinto Limited” on page 190
|
/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
London, United Kingdom
28 February 2020
In respect of the Board of Directors
and Shareholders of Rio Tinto plc
|
/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers
PricewaterhouseCoopers
Brisbane, Australia
28 February 2020
In respect of the Board of Directors and
Shareholders of Rio Tinto Limited
|
Exhibit
Number |
Description
|
1.1
|
|
1.2
|
|
2.1*
|
|
3.1**
|
DLC Merger Implementation Agreement, dated 3 November 1995 between CRA Limited and The RTZ Corporation PLC relating to the implementation of the DLC merger (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 of Rio Tinto plc's Annual report on Form 20-F for the financial year ended 31 December 1995, File No. 1‑10533)
|
3.2
|
|
3.3
|
|
3.4
|
|
4.01
|
|
4.02
|
|
4.03
|
|
4.04
|
|
4.05
|
|
4.06
|
|
4.07
|
|
8.1*
|
|
12.1*
|
|
13.1*
|
15.1*
|
|
15.2*
|
|
15.3*
|
|
16.1*
|
|
101*
|
Interactive data files
|
*
|
Filed herewith
|
**
|
Paper filing in 1995
|
†
|
Certain of the information included within Exhibit 15.2, which is provided pursuant to Rule 12b‑23(a)(3) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, is incorporated by reference in this Form 20-F, as specified elsewhere in this Form 20-F. With the exception of the items and pages so specified, the Annual report 2019 is not deemed to be filed as part of this Form 20-F.
|
Rio Tinto plc
|
Rio Tinto Limited
|
(Registrant)
|
(Registrant)
|
/s/ Steve Allen
|
/s/ Steve Allen
|
Name: Steve Allen
|
Name: Steve Allen
|
Title: Company Secretary
|
Title: Joint Company Secretary
|
|
|
Date: 28 February 2020
|
Date: 28 February 2020
|
Title of Each Class
|
Trading
Symbol
|
Name of Each Exchange
on which Registered
|
Title of Each Class
|
Trading
Symbol
|
Name of Each Exchange
on which Registered
|
|
American Depository Shares*
|
RIO
|
New York Stock Exchange
|
|
---
|
|
|
Ordinary Shares of 10p each**
|
|
New York Stock Exchange
|
|
|
|
|
3.750% Notes due 2025
|
|
New York Stock Exchange
|
3.750% Notes due 2025
|
|
New York Stock Exchange
|
|
4.125% Notes due 2042
|
|
New York Stock Exchange
|
4.125% Notes due 2042
|
|
New York Stock Exchange
|
|
4.750% Notes due 2042
|
|
New York Stock Exchange
|
4.750% Notes due 2042
|
|
New York Stock Exchange
|
|
5.200% Notes due 2040
|
|
New York Stock Exchange
|
5.200% Notes due 2040
|
|
New York Stock Exchange
|
|
5.200% Notes due 2040
|
|
New York Stock Exchange
|
5.200% Notes due 2040
|
|
New York Stock Exchange
|
|
5.200% Notes due 2040
|
|
New York Stock Exchange
|
5.200% Notes due 2040
|
|
New York Stock Exchange
|
|
7.125% Notes due 2028
|
|
New York Stock Exchange
|
7.125% Notes due 2028
|
|
New York Stock Exchange
|
*
|
Evidenced by American Depositary Receipts. Each American Depositary Share Represents one Rio Tinto plc Shares of 10p each
|
**
|
Not for trading, but only in connection with the listing of American Depositary Shares, pursuant to the requirements of the Securities and Exchange Commission
|
•
|
the chairman of the meeting;
|
•
|
at least five shareholders entitled to vote on the resolution;
|
•
|
any shareholder(s) representing in the aggregate not less than one tenth (Rio Tinto plc) or one 20th (Rio Tinto Limited) of the total voting rights of all shareholders entitled to vote on the resolution;
|
•
|
any shareholder(s) holding Rio Tinto plc shares conferring a right to vote at the meeting on which there have been paid-up sums in the aggregate equal to not less than one tenth of the total sum paid up on all the shares conferring that right; or
|
•
|
the holder of the Special Voting Share of either company.
|
•
|
ordinary resolutions (for example the election of directors), which require the affirmative vote of a majority of persons voting at a meeting for which there is a quorum; and
|
•
|
special resolutions (for example amending the Articles of Association of Rio Tinto plc or the Constitution of Rio Tinto Limited), which require the affirmative vote of not less than three-quarters of the persons voting at a meeting at which there is a quorum.
|
•
|
indemnifying him or her or a third party in respect of obligations incurred by the director on behalf of, or for the benefit of, the company, or in respect of obligations of the company, for which the director has assumed responsibility under an indemnity, security or guarantee;
|
•
|
relating to an offer of securities in which he or she may be interested as a holder of securities or as an underwriter;
|
•
|
concerning another body corporate in which the director is beneficially interested in less than 1% of the issued shares of any class of shares of such a body corporate;
|
•
|
relating to an employee benefit in which the director will share equally with other employees;
|
•
|
relating to liability insurance that the company is empowered to purchase for the benefit of directors of the company in respect of actions undertaken as directors (or officers) of the company; and
|
•
|
concerning the giving of indemnities in favour of directors or the funding of expenditure by directors to defend criminal, civil or regulatory proceedings or actions against a director.
|
Notes
|
Registration
Statement
|
Date of Base
Prospectus
|
Issuer/
Date of Issuance
|
$1,200,000,000
3.750% Guaranteed Notes due 2025
|
333-196694
|
12 June 2014
|
Rio Tinto Finance (USA) Limited
12 June 2015
|
$750,000,000
4.125% Guaranteed Notes due 2042
|
333-175037
|
16 March 2012
|
Rio Tinto Finance (USA) plc
17 August 2012
|
$500,000,000
4.750% Guaranteed Notes due 2042
|
333-175037
|
16 March 2012
|
Rio Tinto Finance (USA) plc
20 March 2012
|
$350,000,000
5.200% Guaranteed Notes due 2040
|
333-175037
|
21 June 2011
|
Rio Tinto Finance (USA) Limited
15 September 2011
|
$300,000,000
5.200% Guaranteed Notes due 2040
|
333-151839
|
17 May 2011
|
Rio Tinto Finance (USA) Limited
19 May 2011
|
$500,000,000
5.20% Guaranteed Notes due 2040
|
333-151839
|
14 April 2009
|
Rio Tinto Finance (USA) Limited
29 October 2010
|
$750,000,000
7.125% Guaranteed Notes due 2028
|
333-151839
|
23 June 2008
|
Rio Tinto Finance (USA) Limited
25 June 2008
|
•
|
First, it can enforce the rights of holders of the debt securities against us if we default on debt securities issued under the Indenture. There are some limitations on the extent to which the trustee acts on behalf of holders of the debt securities, described below under “— Default and Related Matters — Events of Default — Remedies If an Event of Default Occurs” below; and
|
•
|
Second, the trustee performs administrative duties for us, such as sending interest payments to holders, transferring debt securities to new buyers and sending notices to holders.
|
•
|
LIBOR; or
|
•
|
any other interest rates (which may include a combination of more than one of the interest rate bases described above) as may be described in the applicable prospectus supplement.
|
•
|
LIBOR will be the arithmetic mean of the offered rates appearing on the Reuters LIBOR page, unless that page by its terms cites only one rate, in which case that rate; in either case, as of 11:00 A.M., London time, on the relevant interest determination date, for deposits of the relevant index currency having the relevant index maturity beginning on the relevant interest reset date. The applicable prospectus supplement will indicate the index currency, the index maturity and the reference page that apply to the debt security and how interest determination dates and interest reset dates will be determined.
|
•
|
If fewer than two of the rates described above appears on the Reuters LIBOR page or no rate appears on any page on which only one rate normally appears, then LIBOR will be determined on the basis of the rates, at approximately 11:00 A.M., London time, on the relevant interest determination date, at which deposits of the following kind are offered to prime banks in the London interbank market by four major banks in that market selected by the calculation agent: deposits of the index currency having the relevant index maturity, beginning on the relevant interest reset date and in a representative amount. The calculation agent will request the principal London office of each of these banks to provide a quotation of its rate. If at least two quotations are provided, LIBOR for the relevant interest determination date will be the arithmetic mean of the quotations.
|
•
|
If fewer than two quotations are provided as described in the preceding paragraph, LIBOR for the relevant interest determination date will be the arithmetic mean of the rates for loans of the following kind to leading European banks quoted, at approximately 11:00 A.M., London time, in the principal financial center for the country of the index currency, on that
|
•
|
If fewer than three banks selected by the calculation agent provide quotations as described above, LIBOR for the new interest period will be LIBOR in effect for the prior interest period. If the initial base rate has been in effect for the prior interest period, however, it will remain in effect.
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how it handles payments in respect of the debt securities and notices;
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whether it imposes fees or charges;
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how it would handle voting if it were ever required;
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whether and how holders can instruct it to send their debt securities, registered in their own names so they can be direct holders as described below; and
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how it would pursue rights under the debt securities if there were a default or other event triggering the need for holders to act to protect their interests.
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They cannot get debt securities registered in their own names.
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They cannot receive physical certificates for their interests in the debt securities.
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They will be street name holders and must look to their own banks or brokers for payments on the debt securities and protection of their legal rights relating to the debt securities, as explained above under “— Legal Ownership — Street Name and Other Indirect Holders”.
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They may not be able to sell interests in the debt securities to some insurance companies and other institutions that are required by law to own their debt securities in the form of physical certificates.
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The depositary’s policies will govern payments, transfers, exchange and other matters relating to holders’ interests in the global security. We and the trustee have no responsibility for any aspect of the depositary’s actions or for its records of ownership interests in the global security. We and the trustee also do not supervise the depositary in any way.
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The depositary will require that interests in a global security be purchased or sold within its system using same-day funds.
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When the depositary notifies us that it is unwilling, unable or ceases to be a clearing agency registered under the Exchange Act.
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When an event of default on the debt securities has occurred and has not been cured. Defaults are discussed below under “— Default and Related Matters — Events of Default”.
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Additional mechanics relevant to the debt securities under normal circumstances, such as how to transfer ownership and where we make payments.
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Holders’ rights under several special situations, such as if we merge with another company, if we want to change a term of the debt securities or if we want to redeem the debt securities for tax reasons.
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Holders’ rights to receive payment of additional amounts due to changes in the withholding requirements of various jurisdictions.
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Covenants contained in the Indenture that restrict our and Rio Tinto’s ability to incur liens. A particular series of debt securities may have additional covenants.
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Holders’ rights if we default in respect of our obligations under the debt securities or experience other financial difficulties.
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Our relationship with the trustee.
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only in fully registered form;
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without interest coupons; and
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unless indicated in the applicable prospectus supplement, in denominations that are even multiples of U.S.$1,000.
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Where Rio Tinto Finance (USA) Limited, Rio Tinto Finance (USA) plc, Rio Tinto plc or Rio Tinto Limited merges out of existence or sells or leases substantially all its assets, the successor entity must be duly organized and validly existing under the laws of the applicable jurisdiction.
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If such successor entity is organized under the laws of a jurisdiction other than Australia, the United Kingdom, or the United States, any state thereof, or the District of Columbia, it must indemnify holders against any governmental charge or other cost resulting from the transaction.
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Neither we, Rio Tinto plc nor Rio Tinto Limited may be in default on the debt securities or guarantees immediately prior to such action and such action must not cause a default. For purposes of this no-default test, a default would include an event of default that has occurred and not been cured, as described below under “— Default and Related Matters — Events of Default — What is An Event of Default?” A default for this purpose would also include any event that would be an event of default if the requirements for notice of default or existence of defaults for a specified period of time were disregarded.
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If we, Rio Tinto plc or Rio Tinto Limited merges out of existence, sells, or leases substantially all of our or their assets, the successor entity must execute a supplement to the Indenture, known as a supplemental indenture. In the supplemental indenture, the entity must promise to be bound by every obligation in the Indenture applicable to Rio Tinto Finance (USA) Limited, Rio Tinto Finance (USA) plc, Rio Tinto plc or Rio Tinto Limited, as the case may be.
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We, Rio Tinto plc or Rio Tinto Limited, as the case may be, must deliver a certificate and an opinion of counsel to the trustee, each stating that the consolidation, merger, conveyance, transfer or lease, and, if applicable, the supplemental indenture pursuant to which the successor entity assumes our obligations or the obligations of Rio Tinto plc or Rio Tinto Limited, are in compliance with the Indenture.
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Neither our nor Rio Tinto’s assets or properties may become subject to any impermissible lien unless the debt securities issued under the Indenture are secured equally and ratably with the indebtedness secured by the impermissible lien. Impermissible liens are described in further detail below under “— Restrictive Covenants — Restrictions on Liens”.
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changes to the stated maturity of the principal or the interest payment dates on a debt security;
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any reduction in amounts due on a debt security;
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changes to any of our obligations to pay additional amounts described later under “— Special Situations — Payment of Additional Amounts”;
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any reduction in the amount of principal payable upon acceleration of the maturity of a debt security following a default;
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changes in the place or currency of payment on a debt security;
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any impairment of holders’ right to sue for payment;
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any reduction in the percentage of holders of debt securities whose consent is needed to modify or amend the Indenture;
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any reduction in the percentage of holders of debt securities whose consent is needed to waive compliance with various provisions of the Indenture or to waive various defaults; and
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any modification, in any manner adverse to the holders of the debt securities, to the obligations of Rio Tinto plc or Rio Tinto Limited in respect of the payment of principal, premium, if any, and interest, if any.
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For original issue discount securities, we will use the principal amount that would be due and payable on the voting date if the maturity of the debt securities were accelerated to that date because of a default.
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For debt securities whose principal amount is not known (for example, because it is based on an index), we will use a special rule for that security described in the prospectus supplement.
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For debt securities denominated in one or more foreign currencies or currency units, we will use the U.S. dollar equivalent.
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Debt securities will not be considered outstanding, and therefore not eligible to vote, if we have deposited or set aside in trust money for their payment or redemption. Debt securities will also not be eligible to vote if they have been fully defeased as described later under “— Restrictive Covenants — Defeasance and Discharge”.
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We will generally be entitled to set any day as a record date for the purpose of determining the holders of outstanding debt securities that are entitled to vote or take other action under the Indenture. In limited circumstances, the trustee will be entitled to set a record date for action by holders. If we or the trustee set a record date for a vote or other action to be taken by holders of a particular series, that vote or action may be taken only by persons who are holders of outstanding debt securities of that series on the record date and must be taken within 180 days following the record date or another period that we may specify (or as the trustee may specify, if it set the record date). We may shorten or lengthen (but not beyond 180 days) this period from time to time.
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any lien existing on or before the date of the issuance of the applicable series of debt securities;
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any lien arising by operation of law and not as a result of any act or omission on our part;
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liens arising from any judgment against us that does not give rise to an event of default;
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any lien created on property (or the title documents for that property) acquired after the date of the issuance of the applicable series of debt securities for the sole purpose of financing or refinancing or securing the cost of that property so long as the principal moneys secured by the property do not exceed the cost of that acquisition;
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any lien over property (or the title documents for that property) that was in existence at the time we acquired the property;
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any lien over assets and/or, where such assets comprise substantially the whole of the assets of their owner, shares or stock in the owner of those assets that secures project finance borrowing to finance the costs of developing, or acquiring and developing, those assets;
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any lien over property, including improvements, which was developed, constructed or improved by us, acquired after the date of the issuance of the applicable series of debt securities,
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to secure the payment of all or any part of the cost of development or construction of or improvement on the property, or
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to secure the payment of all or any part of the cost of development or construction of or improvement on the property, or
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to secure indebtedness incurred by us for the purpose of financing all or any part of the cost of development or construction or of improvements on the property,
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any lien arising solely by operation of law over any credit balance or cash held in an account with a financial institution;
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any lien arising in transactions entered into or established for our benefit in connection with any of the following:
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the operation of cash management programs;
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other payment netting arrangements;
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derivatives transactions (including swaps, caps, collars, options, futures transactions, forward rate agreements and foreign exchange transactions and any other similar transaction (including any option with respect to any of the foregoing) and any combination of any of the foregoing);
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other normal banking transactions; or
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in the ordinary course of letter of credit transactions;
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any lien securing our indebtedness for borrowed money incurred in connection with the financing of our accounts receivable;
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any lien arising in the ordinary course of dealings in base and precious metals, other minerals, petroleum or any other materials;
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any lien incurred or deposits made in the ordinary course of business, including, but not limited to;
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any mechanics’, materialmen’s, carriers’, workmen’s, vendors’ or similar lien;
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any lien securing amounts in connection with workers’ compensation unemployment insurance and other types of social security; and
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any easements, right-of-way, restrictions and other similar charges;
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any lien securing all or part of our interest in any mine or mineral deposit and/or facilities and/or any agreement or instrument relating to a mine or mineral deposit that is in favor of any operator or participant in that mine, mineral deposit or facility if
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the lien serves as security for any sum which may become due to
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an operator in its capacity as operator; or
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to a participant by virtue of any agreement or instrument relating to such mine or mineral deposit and/or facilities; and
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the lien is limited to the relevant mine or mineral deposit and/or facilities;
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any lien upon specific items of our inventory or other goods, and proceeds inventory or other goods, securing our obligations relating to bankers’ acceptances, issued or created for our account to facilitate the purchase, shipment or storage of the inventory or other goods;
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any lien incurred or deposits made securing our performance of tenders, bids, leases, statutory obligations, surety and appeal bonds, government contracts, performance and return-of-money bonds and other obligations of like nature incurred in the ordinary course of our business;
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any lien on any of our property in favor of the Federal Government of the United States or the government of any state thereof, or the government of Australia or the government of any state or territory thereof, the United Kingdom, or the government of any member nation of the European Union, or any instrumentality of any of them, securing our obligations under any contract or payments owed to such entity pursuant to applicable laws, rules, regulations or statutes;
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any liens securing taxes or assessments or other applicable governmental charges or levies;
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any liens securing industrial revenue, development or similar bonds issued by us, or for our benefit, provided that the industrial revenue, development or similar bonds are non-recourse to us;
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the sale or other transfer of
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any minerals in place, or for the future production of minerals, for a specified period of time or in any amount such that, the purchaser will realize from such sale or transfer a specified amount of money or minerals; or
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any other interest in property that is commonly referred to as a “production payment”;
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any liens in favor of any company in the Rio Tinto Group;
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any liens securing indebtedness for which we have paid money or deposited securities in an arrangement to discharge in full any liability relating to that indebtedness; and
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any extension, renewal or replacement (or successive extensions, renewals or replacements), as a whole or in part, of any lien referred to above, so long as
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the amount does not exceed the principal amount of the borrowed money secured by the lien which is to be extended, renewed or replaced; and
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the extension, renewal or replacement lien is limited to all or a part of the same property, including improvements that secured the lien to be extended, renewed or replaced.
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any acquisition of any property or assets by us that is subject to any reservation that creates or reserves for the seller an interest in any metals or minerals in place or the proceeds from their sale;
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any conveyance or assignment in which we convey or assign an interest in any metals or minerals in place or the proceeds from their sale; or
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any lien upon any of our wholly or partially owned or leased property or assets, to secure the payment of our proportionate part of the development or operating expenses in realizing the metal or mineral resources of such property.
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We, Rio Tinto plc or Rio Tinto Limited must deposit in trust for the benefit of all other direct holders of the debt securities a combination of money and U.S. government or U.S. government agency notes or bonds that will generate enough cash to make interest, principal and any other payments on the debt securities on their various due dates.
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We, Rio Tinto plc or Rio Tinto Limited must deliver to the trustee a legal opinion of counsel of recognized standing with respect to such matters confirming that either (A) there has been a change in U.S. federal income tax law or (B) we have received from, or there has been published by, the U.S. Internal Revenue Service a ruling in each case to the effect that we may make the above deposit without causing holders to be taxed on the debt securities any differently than if we did not make the deposit and just repaid the debt securities ourselves.
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to register the transfer and exchange of debt securities;
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to replace mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen debt securities;
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to maintain paying agencies; and
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to hold money for payment in trust.
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Neither we, Rio Tinto plc nor Rio Tinto Limited pay the principal or any premium on a debt security and, in the case of technical or administrative difficulties, only if such failure to pay persists for more than three business days. As used here, a business day is a week day on which financial institutions in New York and the applicable place of payment are open for business.
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Neither we, Rio Tinto plc nor Rio Tinto Limited pay interest or any additional amounts on a debt security within 30 days of its due date.
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Neither we, Rio Tinto plc nor Rio Tinto Limited make a deposit of any applicable sinking fund payment within 30 days of its due date, or any applicable longer period of grace.
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We, Rio Tinto plc or Rio Tinto Limited remain in breach of a covenant or any other term of the Indenture or series of debt securities for 90 days after we, Rio Tinto plc or Rio Tinto Limited, as the case may be, receive a notice of default stating we, Rio Tinto plc or Rio Tinto Limited are in breach. The notice must be sent by either the trustee or holders of 25% of the principal amount of debt securities of the affected series.
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We, Rio Tinto plc or Rio Tinto Limited file for bankruptcy or certain other events in bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization occur, unless, in the case of Rio Tinto plc or Rio Tinto Limited, the reorganization is a voluntary winding up carried out in accordance with English or Australian statutory requirements as applicable and which results in a legal entity that is liable under the guarantees, and which owns the assets of Rio Tinto plc or Rio Tinto Limited, respectively.
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Our other borrowings in principal amount of at least U.S.$50,000,000 are accelerated by reason of a default and steps are taken to obtain repayment of these borrowings.
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We fail to make a payment of principal of at least U.S.$50,000,000 or fail to honor any guarantee or indemnity with respect to borrowings of at least U.S.$50,000,000 and steps are taken to enforce either of these obligations.
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Any mortgage, pledge or other charge granted by us in relation to any borrowing of at least U.S.$50,000,000 becomes enforceable and steps are taken to enforce the mortgage, pledge or other charge, as the case may be.
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Any other event of default described in the prospectus supplement occurs.
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The trustee must be given written notice that an event of default has occurred and remains uncured.
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The holders of 25% in principal amount of all outstanding debt securities of the relevant series must make a written request that the trustee take action because of the default, and must offer reasonable indemnity to the trustee against the cost and other liabilities of taking that action.
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The trustee must have not taken action for 60 days after receipt of the above notice and offer of indemnity and the trustee has not received an inconsistent direction from the holders of a majority in principal amount of all outstanding debt securities during that period.
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Issuer
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Rio Tinto Finance (USA) Limited
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Notes Offered
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U.S.$1,200,000,000 3.750% notes due 2025
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Guarantees
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Full and unconditional guarantees of the principal, interest, premium, if any, and any other additional amounts payable in respect of the notes.
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Stated Maturity
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June 15, 2025
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Principal Amount of Notes Being Issued
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U.S.$1,200,000,000
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Issue Price
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99.333%
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Ranking
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The notes and guarantees are not secured by any of our or Rio Tinto’s respective property or assets and will rank equally with all other unsecured and unsubordinated indebtedness. Since Rio Tinto plc and Rio Tinto Limited are holding companies and currently conduct their operations through subsidiaries, payments on the guarantees are effectively subordinated to the other liabilities of those subsidiaries.
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Interest Rate
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3.750%
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Date Interest Starts Accruing
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June 16, 2015
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Interest Payment Dates
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Semi-annually in arrears on June 15 and December 15 of each year, commencing December 15, 2015
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Business day convention
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Following, Unadjusted
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Day count fraction
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30/360
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Optional Redemption
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The notes will be redeemable at our option or at the option of Rio Tinto plc and Rio Tinto Limited, in whole or in part, at any time. See “Description of Guaranteed Notes — Optional Redemption” above. Upon redemption, we will pay a redemption price equal to (i) if such redemption occurs prior to March 15, 2025, the greater of (x) 100% of the principal amount of the notes to be redeemed and (y) as certified to the trustee by us or Rio Tinto, the sum of the present values of the Remaining Scheduled Payments discounted to the date of redemption on a semi-annual basis (assuming a 360-day year consisting of twelve 30-day months) at the Treasury Rate plus a spread of 25 basis points or (ii) if such redemption occurs on or after March 15, 2025, 100% of the principal amount of the notes to be redeemed, together, in either case, with accrued interest on the principal amount of the notes to be redeemed to the date of redemption. The “Comparable Treasury Issue” for purposes of the definition contained in “Description of Guaranteed Notes — Optional Redemption” will be the U.S. Treasury security selected by the quotation agents as having a maturity comparable to the remaining term of the notes to be redeemed that would be utilized, at the time of selection and in accordance with customary financial practice, in pricing new issues of corporate debt securities of comparable maturity to the remaining term of the notes to be redeemed.
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Tax Redemption
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In the event of various tax law changes that require us, Rio Tinto plc or Rio Tinto Limited to pay additional amounts and other limited circumstances, as described above under “Description of Guaranteed Debt Securities — Special Situations — Payment of Additional Amounts”, we, Rio Tinto plc or Rio Tinto Limited may call all, but not less than all, of the notes for redemption at 100% of their aggregate principal amount plus accrued interest to the date of redemption.
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Form of Notes; Clearance and Settlement
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We will issue the notes in fully registered form. The notes will be represented by one or more global securities registered in the name of a nominee of DTC and deposited with The Bank of New York Mellon, as depositary. You will hold a beneficial interest in the notes through DTC in book-entry form. Indirect holders trading their beneficial interest in the notes through DTC must trade in DTC’s same-day funds settlement system and pay in immediately available funds. Secondary market trading through Euroclear and Clearstream, Luxembourg will occur in the ordinary way following the applicable rules and operating procedures of Euroclear and Clearstream, Luxembourg.
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Denomination
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The notes will be issued in minimum denominations of U.S.$2,000 and integral multiples of U.S.$1,000 in excess thereof.
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Trustee and Paying Agent
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The Bank of New York Mellon
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Listing
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New York Stock Exchange.
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“Treasury Rate” means, with respect to any redemption date, the rate per annum equal to the semi-annual equivalent yield to maturity (computed as of the third business day immediately preceding that redemption date) of the Comparable Treasury Issue, assuming a price for the Comparable Treasury Issue (expressed as a percentage of its principal amount) equal to the Comparable Treasury Price for that redemption date.
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“Comparable Treasury Issue” means the United States Treasury security selected by the Independent Investment Banker that would be utilized, at the time of selection and in accordance with customary financial practice, in pricing new issues of corporate debt securities of comparable maturity to the remaining term of the notes.
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“Independent Investment Banker” means one of the Reference Treasury Dealers appointed by us to act as the “Independent Investment Banker.”
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“Comparable Treasury Price” means, with respect to any redemption date, (A) the average of the Reference Treasury Dealer Quotations for that redemption date, after excluding the highest and lowest of such Reference Treasury Dealer Quotations, or (B) if the Independent Investment Banker for the notes obtains fewer than four such Reference Treasury Dealer Quotations, the average of all such Quotations.
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“Reference Treasury Dealer” means each of Citigroup Global Markets Inc., Deutsche Bank Securities Inc., SG Americas Securities, LLC, HSBC Securities (USA) Inc., Mitsubishi UFJ Securities (USA), Inc., RBC Capital Markets, LLC and their
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“Reference Treasury Dealer Quotation” means, with respect to each Reference Treasury Dealer and any redemption date, the average, as determined by the Independent Investment Banker, of the bid and asked prices for the Comparable Treasury Issue (expressed in each case as a percentage of its principal amount) quoted in writing to the Independent Investment Banker by such Reference Treasury Dealer at 3:30 p.m., New York, NY time, on the third business day preceding that redemption date.
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“Remaining Scheduled Payments” means, with respect to each note to be redeemed, the remaining scheduled payments of the principal thereof and interest thereon that would be due after the related redemption date but for such redemption, provided, however, that, if that redemption date is not an interest payment date with respect to such notes, the amount of the next succeeding scheduled interest payment thereon will be reduced by the amount of interest accrued thereon to that redemption date.
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Issuer
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Rio Tinto Finance (USA) plc
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Notes Offered
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U.S.$750,000,000 4.125% notes due 2042
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Guarantees
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Full and unconditional guarantees of the principal, interest, premium, if any, and any other additional amounts payable in respect of the notes are given by Rio Tinto plc and Rio Tinto Limited.
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Stated Maturity
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August 21, 2042
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Principal Amount of Notes Being Issued
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U.S.$750,000,000
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Issue Price
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97.346%
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Ranking
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The notes and guarantees are not secured by any of our or Rio Tinto’s respective property or assets and will rank equally with all other unsecured and unsubordinated indebtedness. Since Rio Tinto plc and Rio Tinto Limited are holding companies and currently conduct their operations through subsidiaries, payments on the guarantees are effectively subordinated to the other liabilities of those subsidiaries.
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Interest Rate
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4.125%
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Date Interest Starts Accruing
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August 21, 2012
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Interest Payment Dates
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Semi-annually in arrears on February 21 and August 21 of each year, commencing February 21, 2013.
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First Interest Payment Date
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February 21, 2013
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Optional Redemption
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Each series of notes will be redeemable at our option or at the option of Rio Tinto plc and Rio Tinto Limited, in whole or in part, at any time. See “Description of Guaranteed Notes — Optional Redemption” above. Upon redemption, we will pay a redemption price equal to (i) the greater of (x) 100% of the principal amount of the notes to be redeemed and (y) as certified to the trustee by us or Rio Tinto, the sum of the present values of the remaining scheduled payments of principal and interest on the relevant series of notes (excluding any interest accrued as of the date of redemption) discounted to the date of redemption on a semi-annual basis (assuming a 360-day year consisting of twelve 30-day months) at the Treasury Rate (as defined below) plus a spread of 25 basis points in the case of the 2042 notes or (ii) if such redemption occurs on or after February 21, 100% of the principal amount of the notes to be redeemed, together, in each case, with accrued interest on the principal amount of the notes to be redeemed to the date of redemption. The “Comparable Treasury Issue” for purposes of the definition contained in “Description of Guaranteed Notes — Optional Redemption” will be the U.S. Treasury security selected by the quotation agents as having a maturity comparable to the remaining term of the notes to be redeemed that would be utilized, at the time of selection and in accordance with customary financial practice, in pricing new issues of corporate debt securities of comparable maturity to the remaining term of the notes to be redeemed.
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Tax Redemption
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In the event of various tax law changes that require us, Rio Tinto plc or Rio Tinto Limited to pay additional amounts and other limited circumstances, as described under “Description of Guaranteed Debt Securities — Special Situations — Payment of Additional Amounts”, we, Rio Tinto plc or Rio Tinto Limited may call all, but not less than all, of the notes of each series for redemption at 100% of their aggregate principal amount plus accrued interest to the date of redemption.
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Form of Notes; Clearance and Settlement
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We will issue the notes in fully registered form. The notes will be represented by one or more global securities registered in the name of a nominee of DTC and deposited with The Bank of New York Mellon, as depositary. You will hold a beneficial interest in the notes through DTC in book-entry form. Indirect holders trading their beneficial interest in the notes through DTC must trade in DTC’s same-day funds settlement system and pay in immediately available funds. Secondary market trading through Euroclear and Clearstream, Luxembourg will occur in the ordinary way following the applicable rules and operating procedures of Euroclear and Clearstream, Luxembourg.
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Denomination
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The notes will be issued in minimum denominations of U.S.$2,000 and integral multiples of U.S.$1,000 in excess thereof.
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Trustee and Paying Agent
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The Bank of New York Mellon
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Listing
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New York Stock Exchange
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“Treasury Rate” means, with respect to any redemption date, the rate per annum equal to the semi-annual equivalent yield to maturity (computed as of the third business day immediately preceding that redemption date) of the Comparable Treasury Issue, assuming a price for the Comparable Treasury Issue (expressed as a percentage of its principal amount) equal to the Comparable Treasury Price for that redemption date.
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“Comparable Treasury Issue” means the United States Treasury security selected by the Independent Investment Banker that would be utilized, at the time of selection and in accordance with customary financial practice, in pricing new issues of corporate debt securities of comparable maturity to the remaining term of the relevant series of notes.
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“Independent Investment Banker” means one of the Reference Treasury Dealers appointed by us to act as the “Independent Investment Banker.”
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“Comparable Treasury Price” means, with respect to any redemption date, (i) the average of the bid and asked prices for the Comparable Treasury Issue (expressed in each case as a percentage of its principal amount) on the third business day preceding that redemption date, as set forth in the daily statistical release designated H.15 (519) (or any successor release) published by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York and designated “Composite 3:30 p.m. Quotations for U.S. Government Securities” or (ii) if such release (or any successor release) is not published or does not contain such prices on such business day, (A) the average of the Reference Treasury Dealer Quotations for that redemption date, after excluding the highest and lowest of such Reference Treasury Dealer Quotations, or (B) if the Independent Investment Banker for the notes obtains fewer than four such Reference Treasury Dealer Quotations, the average of all such Quotations.
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“Reference Treasury Dealer” means each of HSBC Securities (USA) Inc., Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC, RBS Securities Inc., BNP Paribas Securities Corp., RBC Capital Markets, LLC, SG Americas Securities, LLC, Standard Chartered Bank and their respective successors and one other nationally recognized investment banking firm that is a Primary Treasury Dealer specified from time to time by us, provided, however, that if any of the foregoing shall cease to be a primary U.S. Government securities dealer in New York, NY (a “Primary Treasury Dealer”), we shall substitute therefor another nationally recognized investment banking firm that is a Primary Treasury Dealer.
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•
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“Reference Treasury Dealer Quotation” means, with respect to each Reference Treasury Dealer and any redemption date, the average, as determined by the Independent Investment Banker, of the bid and asked prices for the Comparable Treasury Issue (expressed in each case as a percentage of its principal amount) quoted in writing to the Independent Investment Banker by such Reference Treasury Dealer at 3:30 p.m., New York, NY time, on the third business day preceding that redemption date.
|
•
|
“Remaining Scheduled Payments” means, with respect to each note to be redeemed, the remaining scheduled payments of the principal thereof and interest thereon that would be due after the related redemption date but for such redemption, provided, however, that, if that redemption date is not an interest payment date with respect to such notes, the amount of the next succeeding scheduled interest payment thereon will be reduced by the amount of interest accrued thereon to that redemption date.
|
Issuer
|
Rio Tinto Finance (USA) plc
|
Notes Offered
|
U.S.$500,000,000 4.750% notes due 2042
|
Guarantees
|
Full and unconditional guarantees of the principal, interest, premium, if any, and any other additional amounts payable in respect of the notes are given by Rio Tinto plc and Rio Tinto Limited.
|
Stated Maturity
|
March 22, 2042
|
Principal Amount of Notes Being Issued
|
2042 notes: U.S.$500,000,000
|
Issue Price
|
98.599%
|
Ranking
|
The notes and guarantees are not secured by any of our or Rio Tinto’s respective property or assets and will rank equally with all other unsecured and unsubordinated indebtedness. Since Rio Tinto plc and Rio Tinto Limited are holding companies and currently conduct their operations through subsidiaries, payments on the guarantees are effectively subordinated to the other liabilities of those subsidiaries.
|
Interest Rate
|
4.750%
|
Date Interest Starts Accruing
|
March 22, 2012
|
Interest Payment Dates
|
Semi-annually in arrears on March 22 and September 22 of each year, commencing September 22, 2012
|
First Interest Payment Date
|
September 22, 2012
|
Optional Redemption
|
at our option or at the option of Rio Tinto plc and Rio Tinto Limited, in whole or in part, at any time. See “Description of Guaranteed Notes — Optional Redemption”. Upon redemption, we will pay a redemption price equal to (i) the greater of (x) 100% of the principal amount of the notes to be redeemed and (y) as certified to the trustee by us or Rio Tinto, the sum of the present values of the remaining scheduled payments of principal and interest on the notes to be redeemed (excluding any interest accrued as of the date of redemption) discounted to the date of redemption on a semi-annual basis (assuming a 360-day year consisting of twelve 30-day months) at the Treasury Rate (as defined below) plus a spread of 25 basis points or (ii) if such redemption occurs on or after September 22, 2041, 100% of the principal amount of the notes to be redeemed, together, in each case, with accrued interest on the principal amount of the notes to be redeemed to the date of redemption. The “Comparable Treasury Issue” for purposes of the definition contained in “Description of Guaranteed Notes — Optional Redemption” will be the U.S. Treasury security selected by the quotation agents as having a maturity comparable to the remaining term of the notes to be redeemed that would be utilized, at the time of selection and in accordance with customary financial practice, in pricing new issues of corporate debt securities of comparable maturity to the remaining term of the notes to be redeemed.
|
Tax Redemption
|
In the event of various tax law changes and other limited circumstances that require us to pay additional amounts as described under “Description of Guaranteed Debt Securities — Special Situations — Payment of Additional Amounts”, we, Rio Tinto plc or Rio Tinto Limited may call all, but not less than all, of the notes of each series for redemption at 100% of their aggregate principal amount plus accrued interest to the date of redemption.
|
Form of Notes; Clearance and Settlement
|
We will issue the notes in fully registered form. The notes will be represented by one or more global securities registered in the name of a nominee of DTC and deposited with The Bank of New York Mellon, as depositary. You will hold a beneficial interest in the notes through DTC in book-entry form. Indirect holders trading their beneficial interest in the notes through DTC must trade in DTC’s same-day funds settlement system and pay in immediately available funds. Secondary market trading through Euroclear and Clearstream, Luxembourg will occur in the ordinary way following the applicable rules and operating procedures of Euroclear and Clearstream, Luxembourg.
|
Denomination
|
The notes will be issued in minimum denominations of U.S.$2,000 and integral multiples of U.S.$1,000 in excess thereof.
|
Trustee and Paying Agent
|
The Bank of New York Mellon
|
Listing
|
New York Stock Exchange
|
•
|
“Treasury Rate” means, with respect to any redemption date, the rate per annum equal to the semi-annual equivalent yield to maturity (computed as of the third business day immediately preceding that redemption date) of the Comparable Treasury Issue, assuming a price for the Comparable Treasury Issue (expressed as a percentage of its principal amount) equal to the Comparable Treasury Price for that redemption date.
|
•
|
“Comparable Treasury Issue” means the United States Treasury security selected by the Independent Investment Banker that would be utilized, at the time of selection and in accordance with customary financial practice, in pricing new issues of corporate debt securities of comparable maturity to the remaining term of the relevant series of notes.
|
•
|
“Independent Investment Banker” means one of the Reference Treasury Dealers appointed by us to act as the “Independent Investment Banker.”
|
•
|
“Comparable Treasury Price” means, with respect to any redemption date, (i) the average of the bid and asked prices for the Comparable Treasury Issue (expressed in each case as a percentage of its principal amount) on the third business day preceding that redemption date, as set forth in the daily statistical release designated H.15 (519) (or any successor release) published by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York and designated “Composite 3:30 p.m. Quotations for U.S. Government Securities” or (ii) if such release (or any successor release) is not published or does not contain such prices on such business day, (A) the average of the Reference Treasury Dealer Quotations for that redemption date, after excluding the highest and lowest of such Reference Treasury Dealer Quotations, or (B) if the Independent Investment Banker for the notes obtains fewer than four such Reference Treasury Dealer Quotations, the average of all such Quotations.
|
•
|
“Reference Treasury Dealer” means each of Citigroup Global Markets Inc., Credit Suisse Securities (USA) LLC, Deutsche Bank Securities Inc., J.P. Morgan Securities LLC, ANZ Securities Inc., Credit Agricole Securities (USA) Inc., Mitsubishi UFJ Securities (USA), Inc., SG Americas Securities, LLC and their respective successors and one other nationally recognized investment banking firm that is a Primary Treasury Dealer specified from time to time by us, provided, however, that if any of the foregoing shall cease to be a primary U.S. Government securities dealer in New York, NY (a “Primary Treasury Dealer”), we shall substitute therefor another nationally recognized investment banking firm that is a Primary Treasury Dealer.
|
•
|
“Reference Treasury Dealer Quotation” means, with respect to each Reference Treasury Dealer and any redemption date, the average, as determined by the Independent Investment Banker, of the bid and asked prices for the Comparable Treasury Issue (expressed in each case as a percentage of its principal amount) quoted in writing to the Independent Investment Banker by such Reference Treasury Dealer at 3:30 p.m., New York, NY time, on the third business day preceding that redemption date.
|
•
|
“Remaining Scheduled Payments” means, with respect to each note to be redeemed, the remaining scheduled payments of the principal thereof and interest thereon that would be due after the related redemption date but for such redemption, provided, however, that, if that redemption date is not an interest payment date with respect to such notes, the amount of the next succeeding scheduled interest payment thereon will be reduced by the amount of interest accrued thereon to that redemption date.
|
Issuer
|
Rio Tinto Finance (USA) Limited
|
Notes Offered
|
U.S.$500,000,000 5.20% notes due 2040
U.S.$300,000,000 5.20% notes due 2040
U.S.$350,000,000 5.20% notes due 2040
|
Guarantees
|
Full and unconditional guarantees of the principal, interest, premium, if any, and any other additional amounts payable in respect of the notes are given by Rio Tinto plc and Rio Tinto Limited.
|
Stated Maturity
|
November 2, 2040
|
Principal Amount of Notes Being Issued
|
U.S.$1,150,000,000
|
Issue Price
|
99.940% (for U.S.$500,000,000)
98.091% plus accrued interest of U.S.$780,000 for the period from May 2, 2011 to, but not including, May 20, 2011 (for U.S.$300,000,000)
102.285% plus accrued interest of U.S.$6,926,111.11 for the period from May 2, 2011 to, but not including, September 19, 2011 (for U.S.$350,000,000)
|
Ranking
|
The notes and guarantees are not secured by any of our or Rio Tinto’s respective property or assets and will rank equally with all other unsecured and unsubordinated indebtedness. Since Rio Tinto plc and Rio Tinto Limited are holding companies and currently conduct their operations through subsidiaries, payments on the guarantees are effectively subordinated to the other liabilities of those subsidiaries.
|
Interest Rate
|
5.200%
|
Date Interest Starts Accruing
|
November 2, 2010 (for U.S.$500,000,000)
May 2, 2011 (for U.S.$300,000,000 and U.S.$350,000,000) May 2, 2011 (for U.S.$500,000,000)
|
Interest Payment Dates
|
May 2 and November 2 of each year, commencing November 2, 2011
|
First Interest Payment Date
|
May 2, 2011 (for U.S.$500,000,000)
November 2, 2011 (for U.S.$300,000,000 and U.S.$350,000,000)
|
Optional Make-Whole Redemption
|
Each series of notes will be redeemable at our option or at the option of Rio Tinto plc and Rio Tinto Limited, in whole or in part, at any time. See “Description of Guaranteed Notes — Optional Make-Whole Redemption”. Upon redemption, we will pay a redemption price equal to the greater of (i) 100% of the principal amount of the notes to be redeemed and (ii) as certified to the trustee by us or Rio Tinto, the sum of the present values of the remaining scheduled payments of principal and interest on the relevant series of notes (excluding any interest accrued as of the date of redemption) discounted to the date of redemption on a semi-annual basis (assuming a 360-day year consisting of twelve 30-day months) at the Treasury Rate (as defined below) plus a spread of 20 basis, together with accrued interest on the principal amount of the notes to be redeemed to the date of redemption. The “Comparable Treasury Issue” for purposes of the definition contained in “Description of Guaranteed Notes — Optional Make-Whole Redemption” will be the U.S. Treasury security selected by the quotation agents as having a maturity comparable to the remaining term of the notes to be redeemed that would be utilized, at the time of selection and in accordance with customary financial practice, in pricing new issues of corporate debt securities of comparable maturity to the remaining term of the notes to be redeemed.
|
Tax Redemption
|
In the event of various tax law changes and other limited circumstances that require us to pay additional amounts as described under “Description of Guaranteed Debt Securities — Special Situations — Payment of Additional Amounts”, we, Rio Tinto plc or Rio Tinto Limited may call all, but not less than all, of the notes of each series for redemption at 100% of their aggregate principal amount plus accrued interest to the date of redemption.
|
Form of Notes; Clearance and Settlement
|
We will issue the notes in fully registered form. The notes will be represented by one or more global securities registered in the name of a nominee of DTC and deposited with The Bank of New York Mellon, as depositary. You will hold a beneficial interest in the notes through DTC in book-entry form. Indirect holders trading their beneficial interest in the notes through DTC must trade in DTC’s same-day funds settlement system and pay in immediately available funds. Secondary market trading through Euroclear and Clearstream, Luxembourg will occur in the ordinary way following the applicable rules and operating procedures of Euroclear and Clearstream, Luxembourg.
|
•
|
“Treasury Rate” means, with respect to any redemption date, the rate per annum equal to the semi- annual equivalent yield to maturity (computed as of the third business day immediately preceding that redemption date) of the Comparable Treasury Issue, assuming a price for the Comparable Treasury Issue (expressed as a percentage of its principal amount) equal to the Comparable Treasury Price for that redemption date.
|
•
|
“Comparable Treasury Issue” means the United States Treasury security selected by the Independent Investment Banker that would be utilized, at the time of selection and in accordance with customary financial practice, in pricing new issues of corporate debt securities of comparable maturity to the remaining term of the relevant series of notes.
|
•
|
“Independent Investment Banker” means one of the Reference Treasury Dealers appointed by us to act as the “Independent Investment Banker.”
|
•
|
“Comparable Treasury Price” means, with respect to any redemption date, (i) the average of the bid and asked prices for the Comparable Treasury Issue (expressed in each case as a percentage of its principal amount) on the third business day preceding that redemption date, as set forth in the daily statistical release designated H.15 (519) (or any successor release) published by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York and designated “Composite 3:30 p.m. Quotations for U.S. Government Securities” or (ii) if such release (or any successor release) is not published or does not contain such prices on such business day, (A) the average of the Reference Treasury Dealer Quotations for that redemption date, after excluding the highest and lowest of such Reference Treasury Dealer Quotations, or (B) if the Independent Investment Banker for the notes obtains fewer than four such Reference Treasury Dealer Quotations, the average of all such Quotations.
|
•
|
“Reference Treasury Dealer” means each of J.P. Morgan Securities LLC, Deutsche Bank Securities Inc., RBS Securities Inc., Morgan Stanley & Co. Incorporated, RBC Capital Markets, LLC, SG Americas Securities, LLC and their respective successors and one other nationally recognized investment banking firm that is a Primary Treasury Dealer specified from time to time by us, provided, however, that if any of the foregoing shall cease to be a primary U.S. Government securities dealer in New York, NY (a “Primary Treasury Dealer”), we shall substitute therefor another nationally recognized investment banking firm that is a Primary Treasury Dealer.
|
•
|
“Reference Treasury Dealer Quotation” means, with respect to each Reference Treasury Dealer and any redemption date, the average, as determined by the Independent Investment Banker, of the bid and asked prices for the Comparable Treasury Issue (expressed in each case as a percentage of its principal amount) quoted in writing to the Independent Investment Banker by such Reference Treasury Dealer at 3:30 p.m., New York, NY time, on the third business day preceding that redemption date.
|
•
|
“Remaining Scheduled Payments” means, with respect to each note to be redeemed, the remaining scheduled payments of the principal thereof and interest thereon that would be due after the related redemption date but for such redemption, provided, however, that, if that redemption date is not an interest payment date with respect to such notes, the amount of the next succeeding scheduled interest payment thereon will be reduced by the amount of interest accrued thereon to that redemption date.
|
Issuer
|
Rio Tinto Finance (USA) Limited
|
Notes Offered
|
U.S.$750,000,000 7.125% notes due 2028
|
Guarantees
|
Full and unconditional guarantees of the principal, interest, premium, if any, and any other additional amounts payable in respect of the notes are given by Rio Tinto plc and Rio Tinto Limited.
|
Stated Maturity
|
July 15, 2028
|
Principal Amount of Notes Being Issued
|
U.S.$750,000,000
|
Issue Price
|
99.319%
|
Ranking
|
The notes and guarantees are not secured by any of our or Rio Tinto’s respective property or assets and will rank equally with all other unsecured and unsubordinated indebtedness. Since Rio Tinto plc and Rio Tinto Limited are holding companies and currently conduct their operations through subsidiaries, payments on the guarantees are effectively subordinated to the other liabilities of those subsidiaries.
|
Interest Rate
|
7.125%
|
Date Interest Starts Accruing
|
June 27, 2008
|
Interest Payment Dates
|
Semi-annually in arrear on January 15 and July 15 of each year, commencing January 15, 2009.
|
First Interest Payment Date
|
January 15, 2009
|
Optional Make-Whole Redemption
|
The notes will be redeemable at our option or at the option of Rio Tinto plc and Rio Tinto Limited, in whole or in part, at any time. See “Description of Guaranteed Notes — Optional Make-Whole Redemption”. Upon redemption, we will pay a redemption price equal to the greater of (i) 100% of the principal amount of the notes plus accrued interest to the date of redemption and (ii) the sum of the present values of the remaining scheduled payments of principal and interest on the relevant series of notes (excluding any interest accrued as of the date of redemption). The present value will be determined by discounting the remaining principal and interest payments to the redemption date on a semi-annual basis (assuming a 360-day year consisting of twelve 30-day months) using the Treasury Rate (as defined below) plus a spread of 40 basis points. The “Comparable Treasury Issue” for purposes of the definition contained in “Description of Guaranteed Notes — Optional Make-Whole Redemption” will be the U.S. Treasury security selected by the quotation agents as having a maturity comparable to the remaining term of the relevant series of notes to be redeemed that would be utilized, at the time of selection and in accordance with customary financial practice, in pricing new issues of corporate debt securities of comparable maturity to the remaining term of the relevant series of notes.
|
Tax Redemption
|
In the event of various tax law changes and other limited circumstances that require us to pay additional amounts as described under “Description of Guaranteed Debt Securities — Special Situations — Payment of Additional Amounts”, we, Rio Tinto plc or Rio Tinto Limited may call all, but not less than all, of the relevant series of notes for redemption at 100% of their principal amount plus accrued interest to the date of redemption.
|
Change of Control
|
If a Change of Control Repurchase Event (as defined in “Description of the Guaranteed Notes — Change of Control Repurchase Event”) occurs, unless the notes are otherwise subject to redemption in accordance with their terms and we have elected to exercise our right to redeem the notes, we will make an offer to each holder comprising that series to repurchase all or any part (in integral multiples of U.S.$1,000) of that holder’s notes at a repurchase price in cash equal to 101% of the aggregate principal amount of notes repurchased plus any accrued and unpaid interest on the notes repurchased to the date of repurchase.
|
Form of Notes; Clearance and Settlement
|
We will issue the notes in fully registered form. The notes will be represented by one or more global securities registered in the name of a nominee of DTC and deposited with The Bank of New York Mellon, as depositary. You will hold a beneficial interest in the notes through DTC in book-entry form. Indirect holders trading their beneficial interest in the notes through DTC must trade in DTC’s same-day funds settlement system and pay in immediately available funds. Secondary market trading through Euroclear and Clearstream, Luxembourg will occur in the ordinary way following the applicable rules and operating procedures of Euroclear and Clearstream, Luxembourg.
|
Denomination
|
The notes will be issued in minimum denominations of U.S.$2,000 and integral multiples of U.S.$1,000 in excess thereof.
|
•
|
“Treasury Rate” means, with respect to any redemption date, the rate per annum equal to the semi- annual equivalent yield to maturity (computed as of the third business day immediately preceding that redemption date) of the Comparable Treasury Issue, assuming a price for the Comparable Treasury Issue (expressed as a percentage of its principal amount) equal to the Comparable Treasury Price for that redemption date.
|
•
|
“Comparable Treasury Issue” means the United States Treasury security selected by the Independent Investment Banker that would be utilized, at the time of selection and in accordance with customary financial practice, in pricing new issues of corporate debt securities of comparable maturity to the remaining term of the relevant series of notes.
|
•
|
“Independent Investment Banker” means one of the Reference Treasury Dealers appointed by us to act as the “Independent Investment Banker.”
|
•
|
“Comparable Treasury Price” means, with respect to any redemption date, (i) the average of the bid and asked prices for the Comparable Treasury Issue (expressed in each case as a percentage of its principal amount) on the third business day preceding that redemption date, as set forth in the daily statistical release designated H.15 (519) (or any successor release) published by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York and designated “Composite 3:30 p.m. Quotations for U.S. Government Securities” or (ii) if such release (or any successor release) is not published or does not contain such prices on such business day, (A) the average of the Reference Treasury Dealer Quotations for that redemption date, after excluding the highest and lowest of such Reference Treasury Dealer Quotations, or (B) if the Independent Investment Banker for the notes obtains fewer than four such Reference Treasury Dealer Quotations, the average of all such Quotations.
|
•
|
“Reference Treasury Dealer” means each of Deutsche Bank Securities Inc., J.P. Morgan Securities Inc., Morgan Stanley & Co. Incorporated, Credit Suisse Securities (USA) LLC and Greenwich Capital Markets, Inc. and their respective successors and one other nationally recognized investment banking firm that is a Primary Treasury Dealer specified from time to time by us, provided, however, that if any of the foregoing shall cease to be a primary U.S. Government securities dealer in New York, NY (a “Primary Treasury Dealer”), we shall substitute therefor another nationally recognized investment banking firm that is a Primary Treasury Dealer.
|
•
|
“Reference Treasury Dealer Quotation” means, with respect to each Reference Treasury Dealer and any redemption date, the average, as determined by the Independent Investment Banker, of the bid and asked prices for the Comparable Treasury Issue (expressed in each case as a percentage of its principal amount) quoted in writing to the Independent Investment Banker by such Reference Treasury Dealer at 3:30 p.m., New York, NY time, on the third business day preceding that redemption date.
|
•
|
“Remaining Scheduled Payments” means, with respect to each note to be redeemed, the remaining scheduled payments of the principal thereof and interest thereon that would be due after the related redemption date but for such redemption, provided, however, that, if that redemption date is not an interest payment date with respect to such notes, the amount of the next succeeding scheduled interest payment thereon will be reduced by the amount of interest accrued thereon to that redemption date.
|
•
|
accept for payment all notes or portions of notes (in integral multiples of U.S.$1,000) properly tendered pursuant to our offer;
|
•
|
deposit with the trustee an amount equal to the aggregate repurchase price in respect of all notes or portions of notes properly tendered; and
|
•
|
deliver or cause to be delivered to the trustee the notes properly accepted, together with an officers’ certificate stating the aggregate principal amount of notes being purchased by us.
|
•
|
the direct or indirect sale, transfer, conveyance or other disposition (other than by way of merger or consolidation), in one or a series of related transactions, of all or substantially all of the properties or assets of Rio Tinto plc or Rio Tinto Limited to any “person” (as that term is used in Section 13(d)(3) of the Exchange Act), other than one or more members of the Rio Tinto Group;
|
•
|
the consummation of any transaction (including, without limitation, any merger or consolidation) the result of which is that any “person” (as that term is used in Section 13(d)(3) of the Exchange Act) at any time directly or indirectly own(s) or acquire(s) such proportion of the issued or allotted ordinary share capital of Rio Tinto plc or Rio Tinto Limited which shall, or, if such transaction involves the conversion or exchange of such share capital for cash, securities or other property, such proportion of share capital of, or other relevant economic interest in, the surviving entity as a result of such transaction as shall, in aggregate, be entitled to exercise or direct the exercise of more than 50% of the rights to vote to elect members of the board of directors of Rio Tinto plc and Rio Tinto Limited or such surviving entity, provided that:
|
•
|
for the avoidance of doubt, no Change of Control shall occur solely as a result of either of Rio Tinto plc or Rio Tinto Limited and/or any of its subsidiaries at any time owning or acquiring the relevant proportion of the issued or allotted ordinary share capital of Rio Tinto Limited or Rio Tinto plc, respectively, but in such circumstances whether or not a Change of Control shall occur whether in relation to such event or thereafter shall be determined by reference to:
|
•
|
the Collapsed DLC Test; or
|
•
|
the test set out in this sub-paragraph immediately preceding this proviso applied solely to whichever of Rio Tinto plc or Rio Tinto Limited owns (whether directly or through one or more of its subsidiaries) the relevant proportion of the issued or allotted ordinary share capital of Rio Tinto Limited or Rio Tinto plc, and
|
•
|
no Change of Control shall be deemed to occur if all or substantially all of the holders of the issued or allotted ordinary share capital or other relevant economic interests of the relevant person or, as the case may be, surviving entity immediately after the event which would otherwise have constituted a Change of Control were the holders of the issued or allotted ordinary share capital of each or either of Rio Tinto plc or Rio Tinto Limited with the same (or substantially the same) pro rata economic interests in the share capital or relevant economic interests of the relevant person or, as the case may be, surviving entity, as such shareholders had in the issued or allotted ordinary share capital of each or either of Rio Tinto plc or Rio Tinto Limited, respectively, immediately prior to such event; or
|
•
|
the first day on which a majority of the members of the board of directors of either Rio Tinto plc or Rio Tinto Limited are not Continuing Directors.
|
Company and country of incorporation
|
Principal activities
|
Class of shares held
|
Proportion of class held
|
Group interest
|
|
|
|
%
|
%
|
Australia
|
|
|
|
|
Australian Coal Holdings Pty. Limited
|
Holding company
|
AUD A shares
|
100
|
100
|
Hamersley Holdings Limited
|
Holding company
|
AUD Ordinary shares
|
100
|
100
|
North IOC Holdings Pty Ltd
|
Holding company
|
AUD Ordinary shares
|
100
|
100
|
North Limited
|
Holding company
|
AUD Ordinary shares
|
100
|
100
|
Pacific Aluminium Pty. Limited
|
Holding company
|
AUD Ordinary shares
|
100
|
100
|
Peko-Wallsend Pty Ltd
|
Holding company
|
AUD Ordinary shares
|
100
|
100
|
Rio Tinto Finance Limited
|
Finance company
|
AUD Ordinary shares
|
100
|
100
|
Rio Tinto Finance (USA) Limited
|
Finance company
|
AUD Ordinary shares
|
100
|
100
|
Rio Tinto Investments One Pty Limited
|
Holding company
|
AUD Ordinary shares
|
100
|
100
|
Rio Tinto Investments Two Pty Limited
|
Holding company
|
AUD Ordinary shares
|
100
|
100
|
Robe River Limited
|
Holding company
|
AUD Ordinary shares
|
100
|
100
|
|
|
|
|
|
Bermuda
|
|
|
|
|
North IOC (Bermuda) Holdings Limited
|
Holding company
|
US$1.00 Ordinary shares
|
100
|
100
|
North IOC (Bermuda) Limited
|
Holding company
|
US$1.00 Ordinary shares
|
100
|
100
|
|
|
US$100,000.00 Preferred shares
|
100
|
100
|
|
US$143.64 Class A Ordinary shares (US$143.64126903)
|
100
|
100
|
|
QIT Madagascar Minerals Ltd.
|
Holding company
|
US$1.00 Ordinary shares
|
100
|
100
|
|
|
|
|
|
Canada
|
|
|
|
|
46117 Yukon Inc.
|
Holding company
|
CAD Common shares
|
100
|
100
|
|
|
CAD Preferred shares
|
100
|
100
|
535630 Yukon Inc.
|
Holding company
|
CAD Common shares
|
100
|
100
|
|
|
CAD Preferred shares
|
100
|
100
|
7999674 Canada Inc.
|
Holding company
|
CAD Common shares
|
100
|
100
|
Rio Tinto Canada Inc
|
Holding company
|
CAD Class B shares
|
100
|
100
|
|
|
CAD Class C shares
|
100
|
100
|
|
|
CAD Class D shares
|
100
|
100
|
|
|
CAD Class J shares
|
100
|
100
|
|
|
CAD Class K shares
|
100
|
100
|
Rio Tinto Diamonds and Minerals Canada Holdings Inc.
|
Holding company
|
CAD Class A shares
|
100
|
100
|
|
|
CAD Class B shares
|
100
|
100
|
|
|
CAD Class C shares
|
100
|
100
|
|
|
CAD Class P1 Preferred shares
|
100
|
100
|
|
|
|
|
|
Netherlands
|
|
|
|
|
Rio Tinto Eastern Investments B.V.
|
Holding company
|
€453.78 Ordinary shares
|
100
|
100
|
|
|
|
|
|
South Africa
|
|
|
|
|
Richards Bay Mining Holdings (Proprietary) Limited
|
Holding company
|
ZAR1.00 A Ordinary shares
|
100
|
100
|
|
|
ZAR1.00 B Ordinary shares
|
100
|
100
|
Richards Bay Titanium Holdings (Proprietary) Limited
|
Holding company
|
ZAR1.00 A Ordinary shares
|
100
|
100
|
|
|
ZAR1.00 B Ordinary shares
|
100
|
100
|
|
|
|
|
|
United Kingdom
|
|
|
|
|
Rio Tinto European Holdings Limited
|
Holding company
|
£1.00 Ordinary shares
|
100
|
100
|
Rio Tinto Finance plc
|
Finance company
|
£1.00 Ordinary shares
|
100
|
100
|
|
|
US$1.00 Ordinary shares
|
100
|
100
|
Rio Tinto Finance (USA) plc
|
Finance company
|
£1.00 Ordinary shares
|
100
|
100
|
Rio Tinto International Holdings Limited
|
Holding company
|
£1.00 Ordinary shares
|
100
|
100
|
Rio Tinto Simfer UK Limited
|
Holding company
|
US$1.00 Ordinary shares
|
100
|
100
|
Rio Tinto Western Holdings Limited
|
Holding company
|
£1.00 Ordinary shares
|
100
|
100
|
|
|
US$1.00 Ordinary shares
|
100
|
100
|
|
|
|
|
|
United States of America
|
|
|
|
|
Rio Tinto America Holdings Inc.
|
Holding company
|
US$0.01 Class A Common shares
|
100
|
100
|
|
|
US$100.00 Series A Preferred Stock
|
100
|
100
|
Rio Tinto America Inc.
|
Holding company
|
US$100.00 Common shares
|
100
|
100
|
Rio Tinto Minerals Inc.
|
Holding company
|
US$0.01 Common shares
|
100
|
100
|
Kennecott Holdings Corporation
|
Holding company
|
US$0.01 Common shares
|
100
|
100
|
1.
|
I have reviewed this annual report on Form 20-F of Rio Tinto plc (“the Company”);
|
2.
|
Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
|
3.
|
Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the Company as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
|
4.
|
The Company’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d‑15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a‑15(f) and 15d‑15(f)) for the Company and have:
|
(a)
|
Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the Company, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
|
(b)
|
Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
|
(c)
|
Evaluated the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
|
(d)
|
Disclosed in this report any change in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the period covered by the annual report that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting; and
|
5.
|
The Company’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the company’s auditors and the audit committee of the Company’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
|
(a)
|
All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the Company’s ability to record, process, summarise and report financial information; and
|
(b)
|
Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.
|
1.
|
I have reviewed this annual report on Form 20-F of Rio Tinto plc (“the Company”);
|
2.
|
Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
|
3.
|
Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the Company as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
|
4.
|
The Company’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d‑15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a‑15(f) and 15d‑15(f)) for the Company and have:
|
(a)
|
Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the Company, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
|
(b)
|
Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
|
(c)
|
Evaluated the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
|
(d)
|
Disclosed in this report any change in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the period covered by the annual report that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting; and
|
5.
|
The Company’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the company’s auditors and the audit committee of the Company’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
|
(a)
|
All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the Company’s ability to record, process, summarise and report financial information; and
|
(b)
|
Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.
|
1.
|
I have reviewed this annual report on Form 20-F of Rio Tinto Limited (“the Company”);
|
2.
|
Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
|
3.
|
Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the Company as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
|
4.
|
The Company’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d‑15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a‑15(f) and 15d‑15(f)) for the Company and have:
|
(a)
|
Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the Company, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
|
(b)
|
Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
|
(c)
|
Evaluated the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
|
(d)
|
Disclosed in this report any change in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the period covered by the annual report that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting; and
|
5.
|
The Company’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the company’s auditors and the audit committee of the Company’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
|
(a)
|
All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the Company’s ability to record, process, summarise and report financial information; and
|
(b)
|
Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.
|
1.
|
I have reviewed this annual report on Form 20-F of Rio Tinto Limited (“the Company”);
|
2.
|
Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
|
3.
|
Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the Company as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
|
4.
|
The Company’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d‑15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a‑15(f) and 15d‑15(f)) for the Company and have:
|
(a)
|
Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the Company, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
|
(b)
|
Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
|
(c)
|
Evaluated the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
|
(d)
|
Disclosed in this report any change in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the period covered by the annual report that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting; and
|
5.
|
The Company’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the company’s auditors and the audit committee of the Company’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
|
(a)
|
All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the Company’s ability to record, process, summarise and report financial information; and
|
(b)
|
Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.
|
/s/ Jean-Sebastien Jacques
|
/s/ Jakob Stausholm
|
||
|
|
|
|
Name:
|
Jean-Sebastien Jacques
|
Name:
|
Jakob Stausholm
|
Title:
|
Chief Executive
|
Title:
|
Chief Financial Officer
|
|
|
|
|
Date:
|
28 February 2020
|
Date:
|
28 February 2020
|
/s/ Jean-Sebastien Jacques
|
/s/ Jakob Stausholm
|
||
|
|
|
|
Name:
|
Jean-Sebastien Jacques
|
Name:
|
Jakob Stausholm
|
Title:
|
Chief Executive
|
Title:
|
Chief Financial Officer
|
|
|
|
|
Date:
|
28 February 2020
|
Date:
|
28 February 2020
|
/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
|
/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers
|
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
|
PricewaterhouseCoopers
|
London, United Kingdom
|
Melbourne, Australia
|
28 February 2020
|
28 February 2020
|
|
Note
|
2019
US$m |
|
2018
US$m |
|
2017
US$m |
|
Consolidated operations
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Consolidated sales revenue
|
2,3
|
43,165
|
|
40,522
|
|
40,030
|
|
Net operating costs (excluding items shown separately)
|
4
|
(27,307
|
)
|
(27,115
|
)
|
(26,983
|
)
|
Impairment charges
|
6
|
(3,487
|
)
|
(132
|
)
|
(796
|
)
|
Net (losses)/gains on consolidation and disposal of interests in businesses
|
2,37
|
(291
|
)
|
4,622
|
|
2,344
|
|
Exploration and evaluation costs
|
13
|
(624
|
)
|
(488
|
)
|
(445
|
)
|
Profit/(loss) relating to interests in undeveloped projects
|
13
|
10
|
|
278
|
|
(15
|
)
|
Operating profit
|
|
11,466
|
|
17,687
|
|
14,135
|
|
Share of profit after tax of equity accounted units
|
7
|
301
|
|
513
|
|
339
|
|
Profit before finance items and taxation
|
|
11,767
|
|
18,200
|
|
14,474
|
|
Finance items
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Net exchange gains/(losses) on net external and intragroup debt balances
|
|
58
|
|
704
|
|
(601
|
)
|
Net (losses)/gains on derivatives not qualifying for hedge accounting
|
|
(68
|
)
|
(57
|
)
|
33
|
|
Finance income
|
8
|
300
|
|
249
|
|
141
|
|
Finance costs
|
8
|
(554
|
)
|
(552
|
)
|
(848
|
)
|
Amortisation of discount
|
|
(384
|
)
|
(377
|
)
|
(383
|
)
|
|
|
(648
|
)
|
(33
|
)
|
(1,658
|
)
|
Profit before taxation
|
|
11,119
|
|
18,167
|
|
12,816
|
|
Taxation
|
9
|
(4,147
|
)
|
(4,242
|
)
|
(3,965
|
)
|
Profit after tax for the year
|
|
6,972
|
|
13,925
|
|
8,851
|
|
– attributable to owners of Rio Tinto (net earnings)
|
|
8,010
|
|
13,638
|
|
8,762
|
|
– attributable to non-controlling interests
|
|
(1,038
|
)
|
287
|
|
89
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic earnings per share
|
10
|
491.4
|
c
|
793.2
|
c
|
490.4
|
c
|
Diluted earnings per share
|
10
|
487.8
|
c
|
787.6
|
c
|
486.9
|
c
|
146
|
Annual report 2019 | riotinto.com
|
|
|
Note
|
2019
US$m |
|
2018
US$m |
|
2017
US$m |
|
Profit after tax for the year
|
|
6,972
|
|
13,925
|
|
8,851
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other comprehensive (loss)/income
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Items that will not be reclassified to profit or loss:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Actuarial (losses)/gains on post-retirement benefit plans
|
44
|
(262
|
)
|
907
|
|
6
|
|
Changes in the fair value of equity investments held at fair value through other comprehensive income (FVOCI)
|
|
(5
|
)
|
(13
|
)
|
—
|
|
Tax relating to these components of other comprehensive income
|
9
|
83
|
|
(271
|
)
|
(12
|
)
|
Share of other comprehensive losses of equity accounted units, net of tax
|
|
(6
|
)
|
(1
|
)
|
—
|
|
Adjustments to deferred tax on post-retirement benefit plans due to changes in corporate tax rates in the US and France
|
9
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
(140
|
)
|
|
|
(190
|
)
|
622
|
|
(146
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Items that have been/may be subsequently reclassified to profit or loss:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Currency translation adjustment(a)
|
|
343
|
|
(3,830
|
)
|
3,096
|
|
Currency translation on companies disposed of, transferred to the income statement
|
|
215
|
|
14
|
|
78
|
|
Fair value movements:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
– Cash flow hedge gains
|
|
12
|
|
156
|
|
62
|
|
– Cash flow hedge (gains)/losses transferred to the income statement
|
|
(41
|
)
|
40
|
|
(62
|
)
|
– Gains on revaluation of available for sale securities
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
19
|
|
– Losses on revaluation of available for sale securities transferred to the income statement
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
8
|
|
Net change in costs of hedging(b)
|
|
3
|
|
(39
|
)
|
—
|
|
Tax relating to these components of other comprehensive income
|
9
|
(6
|
)
|
(54
|
)
|
(1
|
)
|
Share of other comprehensive income/(loss) of equity accounted units, net of tax
|
|
10
|
|
(48
|
)
|
34
|
|
Other comprehensive income/(loss) for the year, net of tax
|
|
346
|
|
(3,139
|
)
|
3,088
|
|
Total comprehensive income for the year
|
|
7,318
|
|
10,786
|
|
11,939
|
|
– attributable to owners of Rio Tinto
|
|
8,351
|
|
10,663
|
|
11,691
|
|
– attributable to non-controlling interests
|
|
(1,033
|
)
|
123
|
|
248
|
|
(a)
|
Excludes a currency translation charge of US$29 million (2018: charge of US$382 million; 2017: gain of US$310 million) arising on Rio Tinto Limited’s share capital for the year ended 31 December 2019, which is recognised in the Group statement of changes in equity. Refer to Group statement of changes in equity on page 150.
|
(b)
|
As part of the 2018 bond buy-back programme, cross currency interest rate swaps hedging the bonds repurchased were closed out. This resulted in the reclassification of US$3 million from the cost of hedging reserve to finance costs in the income statement in 2018. There was no bond buy-back programme in 2019.
|
|
Note
|
2019
US$m |
|
2018
US$m |
|
2017
US$m |
|
Cash flows from consolidated operations(a)
|
|
19,705
|
|
15,655
|
|
16,670
|
|
Dividends from equity accounted units
|
|
669
|
|
800
|
|
817
|
|
Cash flows from operations
|
|
20,374
|
|
16,455
|
|
17,487
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net interest paid(b)
|
|
(537
|
)
|
(612
|
)
|
(897
|
)
|
Dividends paid to holders of non-controlling interests in subsidiaries
|
|
(376
|
)
|
(420
|
)
|
(399
|
)
|
Tax paid
|
|
(4,549
|
)
|
(3,602
|
)
|
(2,307
|
)
|
Net cash generated from operating activities
|
|
14,912
|
|
11,821
|
|
13,884
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash flows from investing activities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Purchases of property, plant and equipment and intangible assets
|
2
|
(5,488
|
)
|
(5,430
|
)
|
(4,482
|
)
|
Disposals of subsidiaries, joint ventures, unincorporated joint operations and associates
|
37
|
(80
|
)
|
7,733
|
|
2,675
|
|
Purchases of financial assets(c)
|
|
(43
|
)
|
(1,572
|
)
|
(723
|
)
|
Sales of financial assets
|
|
83
|
|
19
|
|
40
|
|
Sales of property, plant and equipment and intangible assets
|
|
49
|
|
586
|
|
138
|
|
Net funding of equity accounted units
|
|
(33
|
)
|
(9
|
)
|
(3
|
)
|
Acquisitions of subsidiaries, joint ventures and associates
|
37
|
—
|
|
(5
|
)
|
—
|
|
Other investing cash flows
|
|
11
|
|
(1
|
)
|
(18
|
)
|
Net cash (used)/generated in investing activities
|
|
(5,501
|
)
|
1,321
|
|
(2,373
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash flows before financing activities
|
|
9,411
|
|
13,142
|
|
11,511
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash flows from financing activities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Equity dividends paid to owners of Rio Tinto
|
11
|
(10,334
|
)
|
(5,356
|
)
|
(4,250
|
)
|
Proceeds from additional borrowings
|
|
80
|
|
54
|
|
18
|
|
Repayment of borrowings(b)
|
|
(203
|
)
|
(2,300
|
)
|
(2,795
|
)
|
Lease principal payments
|
23,45
|
(315
|
)
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
Proceeds from issue of equity to non-controlling interests
|
|
101
|
|
85
|
|
170
|
|
Own shares purchased from owners of Rio Tinto
|
|
(1,552
|
)
|
(5,386
|
)
|
(2,083
|
)
|
Purchase of non-controlling interests
|
37
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
(194
|
)
|
Other financing cash flows
|
|
4
|
|
(48
|
)
|
(7
|
)
|
Net cash flows used in financing activities
|
|
(12,219
|
)
|
(12,951
|
)
|
(9,141
|
)
|
Effects of exchange rates on cash and cash equivalents
|
|
(54
|
)
|
151
|
|
(12
|
)
|
Net (decrease)/increase in cash and cash equivalents
|
|
(2,862
|
)
|
342
|
|
2,358
|
|
Opening cash and cash equivalents less overdrafts
|
|
10,889
|
|
10,547
|
|
8,189
|
|
Closing cash and cash equivalents less overdrafts
|
21
|
8,027
|
|
10,889
|
|
10,547
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(a) Cash flows from consolidated operations
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Profit after tax for the year
|
|
6,972
|
|
13,925
|
|
8,851
|
|
Adjustments for:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
– Taxation
|
|
4,147
|
|
4,242
|
|
3,965
|
|
– Finance items
|
|
648
|
|
33
|
|
1,658
|
|
– Share of profit after tax of equity accounted units
|
|
(301
|
)
|
(513
|
)
|
(339
|
)
|
– Net losses/(gains) on consolidation and disposal of interests in businesses
|
37
|
291
|
|
(4,622
|
)
|
(2,344
|
)
|
– Impairment charges
|
6
|
3,487
|
|
132
|
|
796
|
|
– Depreciation and amortisation
|
|
4,384
|
|
4,015
|
|
4,375
|
|
– Provisions (including exchange differences on provisions)
|
|
753
|
|
1,011
|
|
535
|
|
Utilisation of provisions
|
|
(539
|
)
|
(620
|
)
|
(714
|
)
|
Utilisation of provision for post-retirement benefits
|
26
|
(205
|
)
|
(219
|
)
|
(339
|
)
|
Change in inventories
|
|
28
|
|
(587
|
)
|
(482
|
)
|
Change in trade and other receivables
|
|
163
|
|
(421
|
)
|
(138
|
)
|
Change in trade and other payables
|
|
(191
|
)
|
476
|
|
421
|
|
Other items(d)
|
|
68
|
|
(1,197
|
)
|
425
|
|
|
|
19,705
|
|
15,655
|
|
16,670
|
|
(b)
|
In 2018 and 2017 we completed bond buy-back programmes of US$1.9 billion (nominal value) and US$2.5 billion (nominal value) respectively. Net interest paid included the payment of the premiums and the accelerated interest associated with the bond redemptions (2018: US$80 million, 2017: US$259 million). There was no bond buy-back programme in 2019.
|
(c)
|
In 2019, we invested a further US$28 million in a separately managed portfolio of fixed income instruments (refer to note 20) (2018: US$1.6 billion, 2017: US$0.7 billion). As there is significant turnover in this portfolio, we have elected to report the purchases and sales of these securities on a net cash flow basis within “Purchases of financial assets”.
|
(d)
|
In 2019, other items includes the settlement of currency forward contracts relating to tax and dividend payments offset by other non-cash items. In 2018 other items included adjustments to add back mark-to-market gains of US$288 million relating to derivative contracts transacted for operational purposes and not designated in a hedge relationship, a gain of US$549 million on the sale of surplus land at Kitimat and a gain of US$167 million on the revaluation of a financial asset arising from the disposal of the Mount Pleasant coal project in 2016. In 2017, other items included adjustments to add back losses of US$501 million relating to derivative contracts transacted for operational purposes and not designated in a hedge relationship.
|
|
Annual report 2019 | riotinto.com
|
147
|
|
Note
|
2019
US$m |
|
2018
US$m |
|
Non-current assets
|
|
|
|
|
|
Goodwill
|
12
|
922
|
|
912
|
|
Intangible assets
|
13
|
2,637
|
|
2,779
|
|
Property, plant and equipment
|
14
|
57,372
|
|
56,361
|
|
Investments in equity accounted units
|
15
|
3,971
|
|
4,299
|
|
Inventories
|
16
|
139
|
|
152
|
|
Deferred tax assets
|
17
|
3,102
|
|
3,137
|
|
Trade and other receivables
|
18
|
1,716
|
|
1,585
|
|
Tax recoverable
|
|
5
|
|
8
|
|
Other financial assets
|
20
|
635
|
|
814
|
|
|
|
70,499
|
|
70,047
|
|
Current assets
|
|
|
|
|
|
Inventories
|
16
|
3,463
|
|
3,447
|
|
Trade and other receivables
|
18
|
3,027
|
|
3,179
|
|
Tax recoverable
|
|
116
|
|
77
|
|
Other financial assets
|
20
|
2,670
|
|
2,692
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents
|
21
|
8,027
|
|
10,773
|
|
|
|
17,303
|
|
20,168
|
|
Assets of disposal groups held for sale
|
19
|
—
|
|
734
|
|
Total assets
|
|
87,802
|
|
90,949
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current liabilities
|
|
|
|
|
|
Borrowings and other financial liabilities
|
22
|
(1,372
|
)
|
(1,073
|
)
|
Trade and other payables
|
25
|
(6,480
|
)
|
(6,600
|
)
|
Tax payable
|
|
(1,874
|
)
|
(1,842
|
)
|
Provisions including post-retirement benefits
|
26
|
(1,399
|
)
|
(1,056
|
)
|
|
|
(11,125
|
)
|
(10,571
|
)
|
Non-current liabilities
|
|
|
|
|
|
Borrowings and other financial liabilities
|
22
|
(13,341
|
)
|
(12,847
|
)
|
Trade and other payables
|
25
|
(794
|
)
|
(841
|
)
|
Tax payable
|
|
(376
|
)
|
(348
|
)
|
Deferred tax liabilities
|
17
|
(3,220
|
)
|
(3,673
|
)
|
Provisions including post-retirement benefits
|
26
|
(13,704
|
)
|
(12,552
|
)
|
|
|
(31,435
|
)
|
(30,261
|
)
|
Liabilities of disposal groups held for sale
|
19
|
—
|
|
(294
|
)
|
Total liabilities
|
|
(42,560
|
)
|
(41,126
|
)
|
Net assets
|
|
45,242
|
|
49,823
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Capital and reserves
|
|
|
|
|
|
Share capital
|
|
|
|
|
|
– Rio Tinto plc
|
27
|
207
|
|
211
|
|
– Rio Tinto Limited
|
28
|
3,448
|
|
3,477
|
|
Share premium account
|
|
4,313
|
|
4,312
|
|
Other reserves
|
29
|
9,177
|
|
8,661
|
|
Retained earnings
|
29
|
23,387
|
|
27,025
|
|
Equity attributable to owners of Rio Tinto
|
|
40,532
|
|
43,686
|
|
Attributable to non-controlling interests
|
|
4,710
|
|
6,137
|
|
Total equity
|
|
45,242
|
|
49,823
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Simon Thompson
Chairman
|
|
Jean-Sébastien Jacques
Chief executive
|
|
Jakob Stausholm
Chief financial officer
|
|
Annual report 2019 | riotinto.com
|
148
|
Year ended 31 December 2019
|
Attributable to owners of Rio Tinto
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Share capital
(notes 27 and 28) US$m |
|
Share premium
account US$m |
|
Other reserves
(note 29) US$m |
|
Retained earnings
(note 29) US$m |
|
Total
US$m |
|
Non-controlling
interests US$m |
|
Total
equity US$m |
|
|
Opening balance
|
3,688
|
|
4,312
|
|
8,661
|
|
27,025
|
|
43,686
|
|
6,137
|
|
49,823
|
|
Adjustment for transition to new accounting pronouncements(a)
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
(113
|
)
|
(113
|
)
|
(2
|
)
|
(115
|
)
|
Restated opening balance
|
3,688
|
|
4,312
|
|
8,661
|
|
26,912
|
|
43,573
|
|
6,135
|
|
49,708
|
|
Total comprehensive income for the year(b)
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
519
|
|
7,832
|
|
8,351
|
|
(1,033
|
)
|
7,318
|
|
Currency translation arising on Rio Tinto Limited's share capital(c)
|
(29
|
)
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
(29
|
)
|
—
|
|
(29
|
)
|
Dividends (note 11)
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
(10,334
|
)
|
(10,334
|
)
|
(376
|
)
|
(10,710
|
)
|
Share buy-back(d)
|
(4
|
)
|
—
|
|
4
|
|
(1,135
|
)
|
(1,135
|
)
|
—
|
|
(1,135
|
)
|
Companies no longer consolidated
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
(32
|
)
|
(32
|
)
|
Own shares purchased from Rio Tinto shareholders to satisfy share options(e)
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
(63
|
)
|
(43
|
)
|
(106
|
)
|
—
|
|
(106
|
)
|
Change in equity interest held by Rio Tinto
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
85
|
|
85
|
|
(85
|
)
|
—
|
|
Treasury shares reissued and other movements
|
—
|
|
1
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
1
|
|
—
|
|
1
|
|
Equity issued to holders of non-controlling interests
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
101
|
|
101
|
|
Employee share options and other IFRS 2 charges to the income statement
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
56
|
|
70
|
|
126
|
|
—
|
|
126
|
|
Closing balance
|
3,655
|
|
4,313
|
|
9,177
|
|
23,387
|
|
40,532
|
|
4,710
|
|
45,242
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year ended 31 December 2018
|
Attributable to owners of Rio Tinto
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Share capital
(notes 27 and 28) US$m |
|
Share premium
account US$m |
|
Other reserves
(note 29) US$m |
|
Retained earnings
(note 29) US$m |
|
Total
US$m |
|
Non-controlling
interests US$m |
|
Total
equity US$m |
|
|
Opening balance
|
4,360
|
|
4,306
|
|
12,284
|
|
23,761
|
|
44,711
|
|
6,404
|
|
51,115
|
|
Adjustment for transition to new accounting pronouncements
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
10
|
|
(179
|
)
|
(169
|
)
|
—
|
|
(169
|
)
|
Restated opening balance
|
4,360
|
|
4,306
|
|
12,294
|
|
23,582
|
|
44,542
|
|
6,404
|
|
50,946
|
|
Total comprehensive income for the year(b)
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
(3,600
|
)
|
14,263
|
|
10,663
|
|
123
|
|
10,786
|
|
Currency translation arising on Rio Tinto Limited's share capital(c)
|
(382
|
)
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
(382
|
)
|
—
|
|
(382
|
)
|
Dividends (note 11)
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
(5,356
|
)
|
(5,356
|
)
|
(415
|
)
|
(5,771
|
)
|
Share buy-back(d)
|
(290
|
)
|
—
|
|
9
|
|
(5,423
|
)
|
(5,704
|
)
|
—
|
|
(5,704
|
)
|
Own shares purchased from Rio Tinto shareholders to satisfy share options(e)
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
(114
|
)
|
(140
|
)
|
(254
|
)
|
—
|
|
(254
|
)
|
Change in equity interest held by Rio Tinto
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
60
|
|
60
|
|
(60
|
)
|
—
|
|
Treasury shares reissued and other movements
|
—
|
|
6
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
6
|
|
—
|
|
6
|
|
Equity issued to holders of non-controlling interests
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
85
|
|
85
|
|
Employee share options and other IFRS 2 charges to the income statement
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
50
|
|
61
|
|
111
|
|
—
|
|
111
|
|
Transfers and other movements
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
22
|
|
(22
|
)
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
Closing balance
|
3,688
|
|
4,312
|
|
8,661
|
|
27,025
|
|
43,686
|
|
6,137
|
|
49,823
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year ended 31 December 2017
|
Attributable to owners of Rio Tinto
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Share capital
(notes 27 and 28) US$m |
|
Share premium
account US$m |
|
Other reserves
(note 29) US$m |
|
Retained earnings
(note 29) US$m |
|
Total
US$m |
|
Non-controlling
interests US$m |
|
Total
equity US$m |
|
|
Opening balance
|
4,139
|
|
4,304
|
|
9,216
|
|
21,631
|
|
39,290
|
|
6,440
|
|
45,730
|
|
Total comprehensive income for the year(b)
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
3,078
|
|
8,613
|
|
11,691
|
|
248
|
|
11,939
|
|
Currency translation arising on Rio Tinto Limited's share capital(c)
|
310
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
310
|
|
—
|
|
310
|
|
Dividends (note 11)
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
(4,250
|
)
|
(4,250
|
)
|
(403
|
)
|
(4,653
|
)
|
Share buy-back(d)
|
(89
|
)
|
—
|
|
4
|
|
(2,312
|
)
|
(2,397
|
)
|
—
|
|
(2,397
|
)
|
Companies no longer consolidated
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
(124
|
)
|
130
|
|
6
|
|
(8
|
)
|
(2
|
)
|
Own shares purchased from Rio Tinto shareholders to satisfy share options(e)
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
(64
|
)
|
(18
|
)
|
(82
|
)
|
—
|
|
(82
|
)
|
Change in equity interest held by Rio Tinto
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
43
|
|
43
|
|
(43
|
)
|
—
|
|
Treasury shares reissued and other movements
|
—
|
|
2
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
2
|
|
—
|
|
2
|
|
Equity issued to holders of non-controlling interests
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
170
|
|
170
|
|
Employee share options and other IFRS 2 charges to the income statement
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
41
|
|
57
|
|
98
|
|
—
|
|
98
|
|
Transfers and other movements
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
133
|
|
(133
|
)
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
Closing balance
|
4,360
|
|
4,306
|
|
12,284
|
|
23,761
|
|
44,711
|
|
6,404
|
|
51,115
|
|
(a)
|
The impact of the transition to new accounting pronouncements; IFRS 16 “Leases” and IFRIC 23 "Uncertainty over income tax treatments" on 1 January 2019 is discussed in note 45.
|
(b)
|
Refer to Group statement of comprehensive income for further details. Adjustments to other reserves include currency translation attributable to owners of Rio Tinto, other than that arising on Rio Tinto Limited’s share capital.
|
(c)
|
Refer to note 1(d).
|
(d)
|
In 2019, the total amount of US$1,135 million (2018: US$5,704 million, 2017: US$2,397 million) includes own shares purchased from the owners of Rio Tinto as per the cash flow statement of US$1,552 million (2018: US$5,386 million, 2017: US$2,083 million) and a financial liability recognised in respect of an irrevocable contract in place as at the reporting date to cover the share buy-back programme, less amounts paid during the year in respect of a similar irrevocable contract in place at the beginning of the year.
|
(e)
|
Net of contributions received from employees for share options.
|
149
|
Annual report 2019 | riotinto.com
|
|
–
|
confer upon the shareholders of Rio Tinto plc and Rio Tinto Limited a common economic interest in both groups;
|
–
|
provide for common boards of directors and a unified management structure;
|
–
|
provide for equalised dividends and capital distributions; and
|
–
|
provide for the shareholders of Rio Tinto plc and Rio Tinto Limited to take key decisions, including the election of directors, through an electoral procedure in which the public shareholders of the two companies in effect vote on a joint basis.
|
|
Annual report 2019 | riotinto.com
|
150
|
151
|
Annual report 2019 | riotinto.com
|
|
–
|
International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) and interpretations issued from time to time by the IFRS Interpretations Committee (IFRS IC) both as adopted by the European Union (EU) and which are mandatory for EU reporting as at 31 December 2019; and
|
–
|
International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the IASB and interpretations issued from time to time by the IFRS IC which are mandatory as at 31 December 2019.
|
(a)
|
Assist the International Accounting Standards Board (“Board”) to develop IFRS Standards (“Standards”) that are based on consistent concepts;
|
(b)
|
Assist preparers to develop consistent accounting policies when no Standard applies to a particular transaction or other event, or when a Standard allows a choice of accounting policy; and
|
(c)
|
Assist all parties to understand and interpret the Standards.
|
|
Annual report 2019 | riotinto.com
|
152
|
–
|
Impairment of non-current assets – determination of Cash Generating Units (CGUs) and assessment of indicators of impairment – note 1(e) and (i), note 6, note 12 and note 13.
|
–
|
Estimation of asset lives – whether certain assets are indefinite lived – note 1(e) and (i).
|
–
|
Provision for onerous contracts – determination of assets dedicated to a contract – note 1(i).
|
–
|
Close-down, restoration and environmental obligations – determining when an estimate is sufficiently reliable to update – note 1(l).
|
–
|
Deferral of stripping costs – judgment on components/strip ratios and separate or integrated multiple pit mines – note 1(h).
|
–
|
Uncertain tax positions – technical interpretation of tax law and evaluation of outcomes in the determination of whether multiple or binary scenarios are the appropriate basis for provision measurement – note 1(n), note 9 and note 31.
|
–
|
Recoverability of potential deferred tax assets – recognition of deferred tax assets for loss making operations – note 17(c), (e) and (f).
|
–
|
Identification of functional currencies – different companies may make different judgments based on similar facts – note 1(d).
|
–
|
Basis of consolidation – judgment as to when the Group has control, joint control or significant influence – notes 33-36.
|
–
|
Contingencies – assessing the probability of any loss and whether it is possible to quantify any loss – note 31.
|
–
|
Exclusions from underlying earnings – judgment on items to be excluded on grounds of nature or size – note 2.
|
–
|
Accounting for the Pilbara Iron Arrangements – treatment of payments made over a contractually specified period for network infrastructure capacity – critical policies note (xiii).
|
–
|
Impairment of non-current assets – review of asset carrying values, impairment charges and reversals and the recoverability of goodwill – determination of discounted cash flows – note1(e) and (i), note 6, note 12 and note 13.
|
–
|
Close-down, restoration and environmental cost obligations – estimation of costs and the timing of expenditure – note 1(l) and note 26.
|
–
|
Uncertain tax positions – estimating the potential exposures for each possible scenario – note 1(n), note 9 and note 31.
|
–
|
Recoverability of potential deferred tax assets – determination of cash flows – note 1(n), note 17(c), (e) and (f).
|
–
|
Estimation of obligations for post-employment costs – note 1(o) and note 44.
|
–
|
Contingencies – estimate of possible liability – note 31.
|
153
|
Annual report 2019 | riotinto.com
|
|
|
Annual report 2019 | riotinto.com
|
154
|
–
|
The carrying amount will be recovered principally through a sale transaction rather than through continuing use; and
|
–
|
The disposal group is available for immediate sale in its present condition subject only to terms that are usual and customary for such sales; and
|
–
|
The sale is highly probable.
|
–
|
The customer has the significant risks and rewards of ownership and has the ability to direct the use of, and obtain substantially all of the remaining benefits from, the good or service.
|
–
|
The customer has a present obligation to pay in accordance with the terms of the sales contract. For shipments under the Incoterms Cost, Insurance and Freight (CIF)/Carriage Paid to (CPT)/Cost and Freight (CFR) this is generally when the ship is loaded, at which time the obligation for payment is for both product and freight.
|
–
|
The customer has accepted the asset. Sales revenue may be subject to adjustment if the product specification does not conform to the terms specified in the sales contract but this does not impact the passing of control. Assay and specification adjustments have been immaterial historically.
|
–
|
The customer has legal title to the asset. The Group usually retains legal title until payment is received for credit risk purposes only.
|
–
|
The customer has physical possession of the asset. This indicator may be less important as the customer may obtain control of an asset prior to obtaining physical possession, which may be the case for goods in transit.
|
155
|
Annual report 2019 | riotinto.com
|
|
|
Annual report 2019 | riotinto.com
|
156
|
–
|
Researching and analysing existing exploration data;
|
–
|
Conducting geological studies, exploratory drilling and sampling;
|
–
|
Examining and testing extraction and treatment methods; and/or
|
–
|
Compiling various studies (order of magnitude, pre-feasibility and feasibility).
|
157
|
Annual report 2019 | riotinto.com
|
|
–
|
If mining of the second and subsequent pits is conducted consecutively following that of the first pit, rather than concurrently;
|
–
|
If separate investment decisions are made to develop each pit, rather than a single investment decision being made at the outset;
|
–
|
If the pits are operated as separate units in terms of mine planning and the sequencing of overburden removal and ore mining, rather than as an integrated unit;
|
–
|
If expenditures for additional infrastructure to support the second and subsequent pits are relatively large; and
|
–
|
If the pits extract ore from separate and distinct orebodies, rather than from a single orebody.
|
–
|
It must be probable that there will be an economic benefit in a future accounting period because the stripping activity has improved access to the orebody;
|
–
|
It must be possible to identify the “component” of the orebody for which access has been improved; and
|
–
|
It must be possible to reliably measure the costs that relate to the stripping activity.
|
|
Annual report 2019 | riotinto.com
|
158
|
159
|
Annual report 2019 | riotinto.com
|
|
|
Annual report 2019 | riotinto.com
|
160
|
–
|
Labour costs, materials and contractor expenses which are directly attributable to the extraction and processing of ore or the production of alumina and aluminium;
|
–
|
The depreciation of mining properties and leases and of property, plant and equipment used in the extraction and processing of ore or the production of alumina and aluminium; and
|
–
|
Production overheads.
|
161
|
Annual report 2019 | riotinto.com
|
|
(b)
|
Financial assets held at fair value through other comprehensive income (FVOCI)
|
–
|
Debt instruments that are held under a business model where they are held for the collection of contractual cash flows and also for sale (“collect and sell”) and which have cash flows that meet the SPPI criteria. An example would be where trade receivable invoices for certain customers were factored from time to time.
|
–
|
Equity investments where the Group has irrevocably elected to present fair value gains and losses on revaluation in other comprehensive income. The election can be made for each individual investment; however it is not applicable to equity investments held for trading.
|
–
|
Debt instruments that do not meet the criteria of amortised cost or fair value through other comprehensive income. The Group has a significant proportion of trade receivables with embedded derivatives for provisional pricing. These receivables are generally held to collect but do not meet the SPPI criteria and as a result must be held at FVPL. Subsequent fair value gains or losses are taken to the income statement.
|
–
|
Equity investments which are held for trading or where the FVOCI election has not been applied. All fair value gains or losses and related dividend income are recognised in the income statement.
|
–
|
Derivatives which are not designated as a hedging instrument. All subsequent fair value gains or losses are recognised in the income statement.
|
|
Annual report 2019 | riotinto.com
|
162
|
163
|
Annual report 2019 | riotinto.com
|
|
–
|
Closure timeframes. The weighted average remaining lives of operations is shown in note 26 (c). Some expenditure may be incurred before closure whilst the operation as a whole is in production.
|
–
|
The length of any post-closure monitoring period. This will depend on the specific site requirements and the availability of alternative commercial arrangements; some expenditure can continue into perpetuity. The Rio Tinto Kennecott closure and environmental remediation provision includes an allowance for ongoing monitoring and remediation costs, including ground water treatment, of approximately US$0.7 billion.
|
–
|
The probability weighting of possible closure scenarios. The most significant impact of probability weighting is at the Pilbara operations (Iron Ore) relating to infrastructure and incorporates the possibility that some infrastructure may be retained by the relevant State authorities post closure. The assignment of probabilities to this scenario reduces the closure provision by US$0.8 billion.
|
–
|
Appropriate sources on which to base the calculation of the risk-free discount rate. At 31 December 2019 the carrying value of the close-down, restoration and environmental provision was US$11.1 billion. The change in carrying value of the provision which would result if the real discount rate was 0.5% lower than that assumed by management is shown in note 26.
|
–
|
Changes to the relevant legal or local/national government requirements and any other commitments made to stakeholders;
|
–
|
Review of remediation and relinquishment options;
|
–
|
Additional remediation requirements identified during the rehabilitation;
|
–
|
The emergence of new restoration techniques;
|
–
|
Change in the expected closure date;
|
–
|
Change in the discount rate; and
|
–
|
The effects of inflation.
|
|
Annual report 2019 | riotinto.com
|
164
|
165
|
Annual report 2019 | riotinto.com
|
|
|
Annual report 2019 | riotinto.com
|
166
|
Gross sales revenue
|
2019
US$m |
|
2018
US$m |
|
2017
US$m |
|
Iron Ore - adjusted
|
24,075
|
|
18,731
|
|
18,466
|
|
Aluminium
|
10,340
|
|
12,191
|
|
11,005
|
|
Copper & Diamonds
|
5,815
|
|
6,468
|
|
4,842
|
|
Energy & Minerals - adjusted
|
5,150
|
|
5,451
|
|
7,549
|
|
Other Operations
|
18
|
|
9
|
|
10
|
|
Reportable segments total
|
45,398
|
|
42,850
|
|
41,872
|
|
Inter-segment transactions
|
(31
|
)
|
(15
|
)
|
(15
|
)
|
Product group total
|
45,367
|
|
42,835
|
|
41,857
|
|
Items excluded from underlying earnings
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
10
|
|
Gross sales revenue
|
45,367
|
|
42,835
|
|
41,867
|
|
Share of equity accounted unit sales and adjustments for intra-subsidiary/equity accounted units sales
|
(2,202
|
)
|
(2,313
|
)
|
(1,837
|
)
|
Consolidated sales revenue per income statement
|
43,165
|
|
40,522
|
|
40,030
|
|
Capital expenditure
|
2019
US$m |
|
2018
US$m |
|
2017
US$m |
|
Iron Ore - adjusted
|
1,741
|
|
1,302
|
|
1,214
|
|
Aluminium
|
1,456
|
|
1,373
|
|
1,436
|
|
Copper & Diamonds
|
2,087
|
|
2,150
|
|
1,622
|
|
Energy & Minerals - adjusted
|
551
|
|
442
|
|
454
|
|
Other Operations
|
(4
|
)
|
12
|
|
(35
|
)
|
Reportable segments total
|
5,831
|
|
5,279
|
|
4,691
|
|
Other items
|
64
|
|
65
|
|
70
|
|
Less: capital expenditure of equity accounted units
|
(456
|
)
|
(500
|
)
|
(417
|
)
|
Capital expenditure per financial information by business unit
|
5,439
|
|
4,844
|
|
4,344
|
|
Add back: proceeds from disposal of property, plant and equipment(a)
|
49
|
|
586
|
|
138
|
|
Capital expenditure per cash flow statement
|
5,488
|
|
5,430
|
|
4,482
|
|
(a)
|
In 2018, proceeds from disposal of property, plant and equipment included US$508 million received on the sale of surplus land at Kitimat.
|
167
|
Annual report 2019 | riotinto.com
|
|
Depreciation and amortisation
|
2019
US$m |
|
2018
US$m |
|
2017
US$m |
|
Iron Ore - adjusted
|
1,723
|
|
1,702
|
|
1,667
|
|
Aluminium
|
1,312
|
|
1,122
|
|
1,199
|
|
Copper & Diamonds
|
1,320
|
|
1,317
|
|
1,452
|
|
Energy & Minerals - adjusted
|
428
|
|
455
|
|
630
|
|
Other Operations
|
177
|
|
26
|
|
32
|
|
Reportable segments total
|
4,960
|
|
4,622
|
|
4,980
|
|
Other items
|
77
|
|
43
|
|
42
|
|
Less: depreciation and amortisation of equity accounted units
|
(653
|
)
|
(650
|
)
|
(647
|
)
|
Depreciation and amortisation per note 4
|
4,384
|
|
4,015
|
|
4,375
|
|
Tax charge/(credit)
|
2019
US$m |
|
2018
US$m |
|
2017
US$m |
|
Iron Ore - adjusted
|
4,198
|
|
2,830
|
|
2,872
|
|
Aluminium
|
211
|
|
532
|
|
543
|
|
Copper & Diamonds
|
65
|
|
118
|
|
48
|
|
Energy & Minerals - adjusted
|
411
|
|
500
|
|
651
|
|
Other Operations
|
(51
|
)
|
(51
|
)
|
(84
|
)
|
Reportable segments total
|
4,834
|
|
3,929
|
|
4,030
|
|
Inter-segment transactions
|
(2
|
)
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
Product group total
|
4,832
|
|
3,929
|
|
4,030
|
|
Other items
|
(67
|
)
|
(276
|
)
|
(261
|
)
|
Exploration and evaluation not attributed to product groups
|
(83
|
)
|
(38
|
)
|
(36
|
)
|
Net finance costs
|
(144
|
)
|
(174
|
)
|
(364
|
)
|
|
4,538
|
|
3,441
|
|
3,369
|
|
Tax (credit)/charge excluded from underlying earnings
|
(391
|
)
|
801
|
|
596
|
|
Tax charge per income statement
|
4,147
|
|
4,242
|
|
3,965
|
|
Underlying EBITDA
|
2019
US$m |
|
2018
US$m |
|
2017
US$m |
|
Iron Ore - adjusted
|
16,098
|
|
11,378
|
|
11,547
|
|
Aluminium
|
2,285
|
|
3,095
|
|
3,423
|
|
Copper & Diamonds
|
2,073
|
|
2,776
|
|
1,904
|
|
Energy & Minerals - adjusted
|
1,762
|
|
2,140
|
|
2,776
|
|
Other Operations
|
(77
|
)
|
(70
|
)
|
(116
|
)
|
Reportable segments total
|
22,141
|
|
19,319
|
|
19,534
|
|
Inter-segment transactions
|
(9
|
)
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
Product group total
|
22,132
|
|
19,319
|
|
19,534
|
|
Central pension costs, share-based payments and insurance
|
59
|
|
(128
|
)
|
(68
|
)
|
Restructuring, project and one-off costs
|
(183
|
)
|
(272
|
)
|
(177
|
)
|
Central costs
|
(496
|
)
|
(552
|
)
|
(491
|
)
|
Exploration and evaluation not attributed to product groups
|
(315
|
)
|
(231
|
)
|
(218
|
)
|
Underlying EBITDA
|
21,197
|
|
18,136
|
|
18,580
|
|
Items excluded from underlying EBITDA
|
(722
|
)
|
5,127
|
|
1,912
|
|
EBITDA
|
20,475
|
|
23,263
|
|
20,492
|
|
Depreciation, amortisation and impairment charges in subsidiaries and equity accounted units
|
(8,412
|
)
|
(4,691
|
)
|
(5,746
|
)
|
Taxation and finance items in equity accounted units
|
(296
|
)
|
(372
|
)
|
(272
|
)
|
Profit on ordinary activities before finance items and tax
|
11,767
|
|
18,200
|
|
14,474
|
|
|
Annual report 2019 | riotinto.com
|
168
|
Underlying earnings
|
2019
US$m |
|
2018
US$m |
|
2017
US$m |
|
Iron Ore - adjusted
|
9,638
|
|
6,531
|
|
6,695
|
|
Aluminium
|
599
|
|
1,347
|
|
1,583
|
|
Copper & Diamonds
|
554
|
|
1,054
|
|
263
|
|
Energy & Minerals - adjusted
|
611
|
|
995
|
|
1,239
|
|
Other Operations
|
(89
|
)
|
(102
|
)
|
(138
|
)
|
Reportable segments total
|
11,313
|
|
9,825
|
|
9,642
|
|
Inter-segment transactions
|
(3
|
)
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
Product group total
|
11,310
|
|
9,825
|
|
9,642
|
|
Central pension costs, share-based payments and insurance
|
60
|
|
(90
|
)
|
(48
|
)
|
Restructuring, project and one-off costs
|
(94
|
)
|
(190
|
)
|
(124
|
)
|
Central costs
|
(550
|
)
|
(410
|
)
|
(311
|
)
|
Exploration and evaluation not attributed to product groups
|
(231
|
)
|
(193
|
)
|
(178
|
)
|
Net finance costs
|
(122
|
)
|
(134
|
)
|
(354
|
)
|
Underlying earnings
|
10,373
|
|
8,808
|
|
8,627
|
|
Items excluded from underlying earnings
|
(2,363
|
)
|
4,830
|
|
135
|
|
Net earnings attributable to owners of Rio Tinto per income statement
|
8,010
|
|
13,638
|
|
8,762
|
|
–
|
Net gains/(losses) on disposal of interests in businesses.
|
–
|
Impairment charges and reversals.
|
–
|
Profit/(loss) after tax from discontinued operations.
|
–
|
Exchange and derivative gains and losses. This exclusion includes exchange gains/(losses) on external net debt and intragroup balances, unrealised gains/(losses) on currency and interest rate derivatives not qualifying for hedge accounting, unrealised gains/(losses) on certain commodity derivatives not qualifying for hedge accounting, and unrealised gains/(losses) on embedded derivatives not qualifying for hedge accounting.
|
169
|
Annual report 2019 | riotinto.com
|
|
Exclusions from underlying earnings
|
Pre-tax(k)
2019 US$m |
|
Taxation
2019 US$m |
|
Non-controlling
interests 2019 US$m |
|
Net amount
2019 US$m |
|
Net amount
2018 US$m |
|
Net amount
2017 US$m |
|
Impairment charges (note 6)
|
(3,487
|
)
|
323
|
|
1,506
|
|
(1,658
|
)
|
(104
|
)
|
(481
|
)
|
Net (losses)/gains on consolidation and disposal of interests in businesses(a)
|
(291
|
)
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
(291
|
)
|
3,996
|
|
2,022
|
|
Exchange and derivative gains/(losses):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
– Exchange gains/(losses) on external net debt, intragroup balances and derivatives(b)
|
52
|
|
(6
|
)
|
5
|
|
51
|
|
550
|
|
(488
|
)
|
– (Losses)/gains on currency and interest rate derivatives not qualifying for hedge accounting(c)
|
(72
|
)
|
15
|
|
(2
|
)
|
(59
|
)
|
(48
|
)
|
30
|
|
– (Losses)/gains on embedded commodity derivatives not qualifying for hedge accounting(d)
|
(253
|
)
|
65
|
|
(4
|
)
|
(192
|
)
|
202
|
|
(352
|
)
|
Losses from increases to closure estimates (non-operating and fully impaired sites)(e)
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
(335
|
)
|
—
|
|
Gain relating to surplus land at Kitimat(f)
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
569
|
|
—
|
|
Changes in corporate tax rates in the US and France(g)
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
(439
|
)
|
Rio Tinto Kennecott insurance settlement(h)
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
45
|
|
Tax charge relating to expected divestments(i)
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
(202
|
)
|
Other exclusions(j)
|
(171
|
)
|
(6
|
)
|
(37
|
)
|
(214
|
)
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
Total excluded from underlying earnings
|
(4,222
|
)
|
391
|
|
1,468
|
|
(2,363
|
)
|
4,830
|
|
135
|
|
Net earnings
|
11,119
|
|
(4,147
|
)
|
1,038
|
|
8,010
|
|
13,638
|
|
8,762
|
|
Underlying earnings
|
15,341
|
|
(4,538
|
)
|
(430
|
)
|
10,373
|
|
8,808
|
|
8,627
|
|
(a)
|
In 2019, the net loss mainly relates to disposal of our entire 68.62% stake in Rössing Uranium on 16 July 2019 for which we recorded a pre-tax loss of US$289 million (US$289 million net of tax).
|
(b)
|
Exchange gains/(losses) on external net debt and intragroup balances comprise post-tax foreign exchange gains on net debt of US$60 million and post-tax losses of US$9 million on intragroup balances, primarily as a result of the Canadian dollar strengthening against the US dollar. From 1 January 2019, all foreign exchange gains and losses relating to net debt are excluded from underlying earnings. In 2018 and previous years, foreign exchange gains and losses on non-US dollar cash held in US dollar functional currency entities was included within underlying earnings. The impact of this change on the reported comparatives is insignificant, and therefore the comparatives have not been restated. In 2018 the net exchange gains comprise post-tax foreign exchange losses of US$386 million on US dollar denominated net debt, and US$936 million gains on intragroup balances. Net exchange loss in 2017 comprise post-tax foreign exchange gains of US$420 million on US dollar denominated net debt, and US$908 million losses on intragroup balances.
|
(c)
|
Valuation changes on currency and interest rate derivatives, which are ineligible for hedge accounting, other than those embedded in commercial contracts, and the currency revaluation of embedded US dollar derivatives contained in contracts held by entities whose functional currency is not the US dollar.
|
(d)
|
Valuation changes on derivatives, embedded in commercial contracts, that are ineligible for hedge accounting, but for which there will be an offsetting change in future Group earnings. From 1 January 2018, all mark-to-market movements on commodity derivatives entered into with the commercial objective of achieving spot pricing for the underlying transaction at the date of settlement are included in underlying earnings. In 2017, valuation changes on this type of commodity derivative were excluded from underlying earnings. The impact of this change on the reported comparatives is insignificant, and therefore the comparatives have not been restated.
|
(e)
|
In 2018, the pre-feasibility study for the Argyle mine closure was completed, resulting in an increase to the closure provision. As the assets at Argyle had previously been fully impaired, this increase was not capitalised and was instead recognised in the income statement. The impairment charge in respect of Argyle recognised in 2017 (see note 6) was based on preliminary findings from the pre-feasibility study and therefore the charge arising from the finalisation of this study has been excluded from underlying earnings. Also in 2018, the feasibility study for the closure of the Ranger Project Area at Energy Resources of Australia (ERA) was finalised, resulting in an increase to the closure provision. As the assets of ERA had been fully impaired, this increase was recognised in the income statement. The charge was excluded from underlying earnings.
|
(f)
|
In November 2018, Rio Tinto completed the lease and sale of a wharf and land in Kitimat. The resulting gain on disposal of Property, plant and equipment and Other income were both excluded from underlying earnings on the grounds of materiality.
|
(g)
|
In 2017, deferred tax assets were re-measured to reflect lower corporate income tax rates in the US and France as a result of tax legislation changes substantively enacted in December 2017.
|
(h)
|
In 2017, Rio Tinto received the final settlement on the insurance claims related to the 2013 slide at Rio Tinto Kennecott’s Bingham Canyon mine. The amounts excluded from underlying earnings were consistent with the previous excluded losses to which they related, in line with the treatment of the 2013 and 2015 settlement payments.
|
(i)
|
In 2017, deferred tax assets were derecognised as a result of revised profit forecasts in France due to the expected divestments of Dunkerque and ISAL. The Dunkerque divestment completed in 2018.
|
(j)
|
Other exclusions include provisions for obligations in respect of legacy operations of US$246 million (loss of US$233 million after tax), partially offset by the write-back of a net realisable value provision in respect of low value stockpile inventories at Oyu Tolgoi of US$75 million (gain of US$19 million after tax and non-controlling interests). As a result of increased uncertainty over timing of production from the Oyu Tolgoi underground project (refer to note 6), we now expect to utilise low value stockpiles sooner than previously expected. This was excluded from underlying earnings, consistent with the related impairment charge recognised in the period.
|
(k)
|
Exclusions from underlying earnings relating to equity accounted units are stated after tax and are included in the column “Pre-tax”.
|
|
Annual report 2019 | riotinto.com
|
170
|
|
2019
% |
Adjusted(b)
2018 % |
|
Adjusted(b)
2017 % |
|
2019
US$m |
|
Adjusted(b)
2018 US$m |
|
Adjusted(b)
2017 US$m |
|
China
|
51.3
|
44.6
|
|
44.2
|
|
22,135
|
|
18,061
|
|
17,706
|
|
Asia (excluding China and Japan)
|
10.6
|
11.5
|
|
12.8
|
|
4,558
|
|
4,665
|
|
5,108
|
|
United States of America
|
14.2
|
15.6
|
|
14.3
|
|
6,125
|
|
6,337
|
|
5,705
|
|
Japan
|
8.9
|
9.6
|
|
11.7
|
|
3,855
|
|
3,873
|
|
4,701
|
|
Europe (excluding UK)
|
6.0
|
9.3
|
|
7.8
|
|
2,610
|
|
3,788
|
|
3,140
|
|
Canada
|
3.3
|
3.3
|
|
2.8
|
|
1,478
|
|
1,330
|
|
1,114
|
|
Australia
|
1.7
|
1.8
|
|
1.8
|
|
737
|
|
720
|
|
710
|
|
UK
|
0.6
|
0.7
|
|
0.8
|
|
248
|
|
264
|
|
325
|
|
Other countries
|
3.4
|
3.6
|
|
3.8
|
|
1,419
|
|
1,484
|
|
1,521
|
|
Consolidated sales revenue
|
100
|
100
|
|
100
|
|
43,165
|
|
40,522
|
|
40,030
|
|
(a)
|
Consolidated sales revenue by geographical destination is based on the ultimate country of destination of the product, if known. If the eventual destination of the product sold through traders is not known then revenue is allocated to the location of the product at the time when control is transferred. Rio Tinto is domiciled in both the UK and Australia.
|
(b)
|
The 2018 and 2017 comparatives have been amended to correct the allocation of sales revenue by destination. This resulted in an increase in sales to the United States of America (2018: US$59 million, decrease in 2017: US$11 million); and to Europe (excluding UK) (2018: US$82 million; 2017: US$125 million) with a corresponding decrease in sales to the UK (2018: US$122 million, 2017: US$124 million), Canada (2018: US$10 million, increase in 2017: US$3 million) and Other countries (2018: US$9 million, increase in 2017: US$7 million).
|
|
Revenue from
contracts with customers 2019 US$m |
|
Other
revenue(a) 2019 US$m |
|
Consolidated
sales revenue 2019 US$m |
|
Iron ore
|
25,516
|
|
229
|
|
25,745
|
|
Aluminium
|
10,207
|
|
(32
|
)
|
10,175
|
|
Copper
|
2,030
|
|
(7
|
)
|
2,023
|
|
Coal
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
Industrial minerals
|
2,251
|
|
(12
|
)
|
2,239
|
|
Gold
|
667
|
|
2
|
|
669
|
|
Diamonds
|
619
|
|
—
|
|
619
|
|
Other
|
1,697
|
|
(2
|
)
|
1,695
|
|
Consolidated sales revenue
|
42,987
|
|
178
|
|
43,165
|
|
Share of equity accounted unit sales and intra-subsidiary/equity accounted unit sales
|
|
|
|
|
2,202
|
|
Gross sales revenue
|
|
|
45,367
|
|
|
Adjusted(b)
revenue from contracts with customers
2018
US$m
|
|
Other
revenue(a) 2018 US$m |
|
Adjusted(b)
Consolidated sales revenue
2018
US$m
|
|
Adjusted(b)
Consolidated sales revenue
2017 US$m |
|
Iron ore
|
19,888
|
|
(21
|
)
|
19,867
|
|
20,010
|
|
Aluminium
|
12,041
|
|
(22
|
)
|
12,019
|
|
10,864
|
|
Copper
|
2,420
|
|
(32
|
)
|
2,388
|
|
1,760
|
|
Coal
|
986
|
|
3
|
|
989
|
|
2,822
|
|
Industrial minerals
|
2,168
|
|
—
|
|
2,168
|
|
2,085
|
|
Gold
|
869
|
|
—
|
|
869
|
|
378
|
|
Diamonds
|
695
|
|
—
|
|
695
|
|
706
|
|
Other
|
1,527
|
|
—
|
|
1,527
|
|
1,405
|
|
Consolidated sales revenue
|
40,594
|
|
(72
|
)
|
40,522
|
|
40,030
|
|
Share of equity accounted unit sales and intra-subsidiary/equity accounted unit sales
|
|
|
2,313
|
|
1,837
|
|
||
Gross sales revenue
|
|
|
|
42,835
|
|
41,867
|
|
(a)
|
Certain of the Group's products may be provisionally priced at the date revenue is recognised. The change in value of the provisionally priced receivables is based on relevant forward market prices and is included in “Other revenue” above. In 2017 there was no equivalent requirement under IAS 18 to separate out such provisional price movements and therefore this was not disclosed.
|
(b)
|
The 2018 and 2017 comparatives have been amended to correct the allocation of sales revenue by product. The most significant impacts are a decrease in Other product revenues (2018: US$75 million, 2017: US$25 million) and an increase in Industrial minerals revenues (2018: US$75 million, 2017: US$25 million).
|
171
|
Annual report 2019 | riotinto.com
|
|
(a)
|
Allocation of non-current assets by country is based on the location of the business units holding the assets. It includes investments in equity accounted units totalling US$3,858 million (2018: US$4,170 million) which represents the Group’s share of net assets excluding quasi equity loans shown separately above.
|
(b)
|
Loans to equity accounted units comprise quasi equity loans of US$113 million (2018: US$129 million) included in “Investments in equity accounted units” on the face of the balance sheet and non-current non-quasi equity loans of US$39 million (2018: US$38 million) shown within “Other financial assets”.
|
|
Note
|
2019
US$m |
|
2018
US$m |
|
2017
US$m |
|
Raw materials, consumables, repairs and maintenance
|
|
9,485
|
|
10,613
|
|
9,286
|
|
Amortisation of intangible assets
|
13
|
133
|
|
133
|
|
177
|
|
Depreciation of property, plant and equipment
|
14
|
4,251
|
|
3,882
|
|
4,198
|
|
Employment costs
|
5
|
4,522
|
|
4,728
|
|
4,765
|
|
Shipping and other freight costs(a)
|
|
2,257
|
|
2,580
|
|
2,338
|
|
Decrease/(increase) in finished goods and work in progress
|
|
42
|
|
(186
|
)
|
(82
|
)
|
Royalties
|
|
2,501
|
|
2,117
|
|
2,228
|
|
Amounts charged by equity accounted units(b)
|
|
1,136
|
|
1,200
|
|
980
|
|
Net foreign exchange (gains)/losses
|
|
(52
|
)
|
(56
|
)
|
61
|
|
Other external costs(a)(c)
|
|
3,627
|
|
3,184
|
|
3,967
|
|
Gain on sale of property, plant and equipment(d)
|
|
31
|
|
(506
|
)
|
(32
|
)
|
Provisions (including exchange differences on provisions)
|
26
|
753
|
|
1,011
|
|
527
|
|
Research and development
|
|
45
|
|
45
|
|
58
|
|
Costs included above qualifying for capitalisation
|
|
(651
|
)
|
(589
|
)
|
(486
|
)
|
Other operating income
|
|
(773
|
)
|
(1,041
|
)
|
(1,002
|
)
|
Net operating costs (excluding items shown separately)
|
|
27,307
|
|
27,115
|
|
26,983
|
|
(a)
|
In 2019, other external costs include US$327 million of short term lease costs and US$15 million of variable lease costs recognised in the income statement in accordance with IFRS 16 “Leases”. Refer to note 23. In 2018 and 2017, net operating costs included US$787 million and US$555 million respectively of operating lease expenses under IAS 17 “Leases”. Costs for leases of dry bulk vessels (which included costs for crewing services) were included within “Shipping and other freight costs” and other lease costs were included within “Other external costs”.
|
(b)
|
Amounts charged by equity accounted units relate to toll processing and also include purchases from equity accounted units of bauxite and aluminium which are then processed by the product group or sold to third parties. Generally, purchases are in proportion to the Group’s share of the equity accounted unit but in 2019, US$291 million (2018: US$332 million; 2017: US$229 million) related to purchases of the other investors’ share of production.
|
(c)
|
In 2017, other external costs include a financial penalty of £27.4 million (US$36.4 million) paid to the United Kingdom’s Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) in relation to the timing of the impairment of the Group’s former coal operations in Mozambique.
|
(d)
|
In 2018, includes a US$549 million pre-tax gain on the sale of property, plant and equipment at Kitimat. Refer to note 2.
|
|
Annual report 2019 | riotinto.com
|
172
|
|
Note
|
2019
US$m |
|
2018
US$m |
|
2017
US$m |
|
Total employment costs
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
– Wages and salaries
|
|
3,923
|
|
4,154
|
|
4,129
|
|
– Social security costs
|
|
328
|
|
336
|
|
337
|
|
– Net post-retirement charge
|
44
|
384
|
|
532
|
|
500
|
|
– Share-based payment charge
|
43
|
123
|
|
122
|
|
91
|
|
|
|
4,758
|
|
5,144
|
|
5,057
|
|
Less: charged within provisions (a)
|
26
|
(236
|
)
|
(416
|
)
|
(292
|
)
|
Total employment costs
|
4
|
4,522
|
|
4,728
|
|
4,765
|
|
(a)
|
Amounts included above relate to provisions for pensions, post-retirement healthcare, long service leave and other employee entitlements. These are included in “Provisions (including exchange differences on provisions)” in note 4.
|
|
Note
|
|
Pre-tax
amount 2019 US$m |
|
Taxation
2019 US$m |
|
Non-controlling
interest 2019 US$m |
|
Net
amount 2019 US$m |
|
Pre-tax
amount 2018 US$m |
|
Pre-tax
amount 2017 US$m |
|
Copper & Diamonds – Oyu Tolgoi
|
|
(2,240
|
)
|
(39
|
)
|
1,506
|
|
(773
|
)
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
|
Aluminium – Yarwun alumina refinery
|
|
(1,138
|
)
|
339
|
|
—
|
|
(799
|
)
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
|
Aluminium – ISAL Smelter
|
|
(109
|
)
|
23
|
|
—
|
|
(86
|
)
|
(123
|
)
|
—
|
|
|
Energy & Minerals – Rössing
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
(9
|
)
|
(267
|
)
|
|
Energy & Minerals – Roughrider
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
(357
|
)
|
|
Copper & Diamonds – Argyle
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
(172
|
)
|
|
Total impairment charge
|
|
(3,487
|
)
|
323
|
|
1,506
|
|
(1,658
|
)
|
(132
|
)
|
(796
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Allocated as:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Intangible assets
|
13
|
|
(1
|
)
|
|
|
|
(2
|
)
|
(357
|
)
|
|||
Property, plant and equipment
|
14
|
|
(3,486
|
)
|
|
|
|
(130
|
)
|
(435
|
)
|
|||
Other assets and liabilities
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
(4
|
)
|
||||
Total impairment charge
|
|
(3,487
|
)
|
|
|
|
(132
|
)
|
(796
|
)
|
||||
Comprising:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Total impairment charges in the financial information by business unit (page 252)
|
|
|
|
|
(3,487
|
)
|
(132
|
)
|
(796
|
)
|
||||
Taxation (including related to EAUs)
|
|
|
|
|
323
|
|
25
|
|
141
|
|
||||
Non-controlling interests
|
|
|
|
|
1,506
|
|
3
|
|
174
|
|
||||
Total impairment in the income statement
|
|
|
|
|
(1,658
|
)
|
(104
|
)
|
(481
|
)
|
|
Annual report 2019 | riotinto.com
|
173
|
|
Annual report 2019 | riotinto.com
|
174
|
|
2019
US$m |
|
2018
US$m |
|
2017
US$m |
|
Sales revenue: Rio Tinto share(a)
|
2,358
|
|
2,497
|
|
1,960
|
|
Operating costs
|
(1,812
|
)
|
(1,656
|
)
|
(1,400
|
)
|
Profit before finance items and taxation
|
546
|
|
841
|
|
560
|
|
Finance items
|
(65
|
)
|
(69
|
)
|
(47
|
)
|
Share of profit after tax of equity accounted units
|
10
|
|
14
|
|
17
|
|
Profit before taxation
|
491
|
|
786
|
|
530
|
|
Taxation
|
(190
|
)
|
(273
|
)
|
(191
|
)
|
Profit for the year (Rio Tinto share)
|
301
|
|
513
|
|
339
|
|
|
Note
|
|
2019
US$m |
|
2018
US$m |
|
2017
US$m |
|
Finance income from equity accounted units
|
|
4
|
|
7
|
|
4
|
|
|
Other finance income (including bank deposits, net investment in leases, and other financial assets)
|
|
296
|
|
242
|
|
137
|
|
|
Total finance income
|
|
300
|
|
249
|
|
141
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||
Interest on:
|
|
|
|
|
||||
– Financial liabilities at amortised cost (excluding lease liabilities) and associated derivatives
|
|
(816
|
)
|
(775
|
)
|
(819
|
)
|
|
– Lease liabilities
|
|
(55
|
)
|
(2
|
)
|
(3
|
)
|
|
Fair value movements:
|
|
|
|
|
||||
– Bonds designated as hedged items in fair value hedges
|
|
(185
|
)
|
96
|
|
28
|
|
|
– Derivatives designated as hedging instruments in fair value hedges
|
|
181
|
|
(73
|
)
|
(22
|
)
|
|
Loss on early redemption of bonds(a)
|
|
—
|
|
(94
|
)
|
(256
|
)
|
|
Amounts capitalised
|
14
|
|
321
|
|
296
|
|
224
|
|
Total finance costs
|
|
(554
|
)
|
(552
|
)
|
(848
|
)
|
(a)
|
In 2018, loss on early redemption of bonds included a premium charge of US$72 million; unamortised debt issuance costs and fees of US$9 million, the write-off of the fair value hedge adjustment of US$16 million and the reclassification of a gain out of the cost of hedging reserve of US$3 million. In 2017, loss of early redemption of bonds included a premium charge of US$238 million; unamortised debt issuance costs and fees of US$14 million and the write-off of the fair value hedge adjustment of US$4 million. We did not buy back any bonds in 2019. See note 30.
|
175
|
Annual report 2019 | riotinto.com
|
|
|
Note
|
|
2019
US$m |
|
2018
US$m |
|
2017
US$m |
|
– Current
|
|
4,436
|
|
3,726
|
|
3,270
|
|
|
– Deferred
|
17
|
|
(289
|
)
|
516
|
|
695
|
|
Total taxation charge
|
|
4,147
|
|
4,242
|
|
3,965
|
|
|
2019
US$m |
|
2018
US$m |
|
2017
US$m |
|
Profit before taxation
|
11,119
|
|
18,167
|
|
12,816
|
|
Deduct: share of profit after tax of equity accounted units
|
(301
|
)
|
(513
|
)
|
(339
|
)
|
Parent companies' and subsidiaries' profit before tax
|
10,818
|
|
17,654
|
|
12,477
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
Prima facie tax payable at UK rate of 19% (2018: 19%; 2017: 19%)
|
2,055
|
|
3,354
|
|
2,371
|
|
Higher rate of taxation on Australian underlying earnings
|
1,495
|
|
1,106
|
|
1,069
|
|
Impact of items excluded in arriving at underlying earnings(a):
|
|
|
|
|||
– Impairment charges(b)
|
340
|
|
—
|
|
10
|
|
– Net gains and losses on consolidation and disposal of interests in businesses
|
55
|
|
(251
|
)
|
(123
|
)
|
– Exchange and gains/losses on derivatives
|
(22
|
)
|
32
|
|
(48
|
)
|
– Losses from increases to closure estimates (non-operating and fully impaired sites)
|
—
|
|
30
|
|
—
|
|
– Gain relating to surplus land at Kitimat
|
—
|
|
(81
|
)
|
—
|
|
– Changes in corporate tax rates in the US and France(c)
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
439
|
|
– Tax charge relating to expected divestments(d)
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
202
|
|
– Other exclusions
|
38
|
|
—
|
|
14
|
|
Impact of changes in tax rates and laws
|
1
|
|
47
|
|
21
|
|
Other tax rates applicable outside the UK and Australia on underlying earnings
|
(110
|
)
|
(47
|
)
|
(92
|
)
|
Resource depletion and other depreciation allowances
|
(57
|
)
|
(46
|
)
|
(33
|
)
|
Recognition of previously unrecognised deferred tax assets
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
(40
|
)
|
Write-down of previously recognised deferred tax assets(e)
|
42
|
|
13
|
|
160
|
|
Other items(f)
|
310
|
|
85
|
|
15
|
|
Total taxation charge(g)
|
4,147
|
|
4,242
|
|
3,965
|
|
(a)
|
The impact for each item includes the effect of tax rates applicable outside the UK.
|
(b)
|
The tax impact of impairment includes the write-down of deferred tax assets in respect of prior year tax losses in Mongolia and recognition of deferred tax on impaired assets. Refer to note 6.
|
(c)
|
In 2017, deferred tax assets were re-measured to reflect lower corporate income tax rates in the US and France as a result of tax legislation changes substantively enacted in December 2017.
|
(d)
|
In 2017, deferred tax assets were derecognised as a result of revised profit forecasts in France due to expected divestments of Dunkerque and ISAL. The Dunkerque divestment completed in 2018.
|
(e)
|
The write-down of previously recognised deferred tax assets in 2017 primarily relates to a reduction in recognised deferred tax assets on brought forward losses in Grasberg.
|
(f)
|
Other items include non-deductible costs and withholding taxes, and various adjustments to provisions for taxation of current and prior periods, the most significant of which relate to transfer pricing matters, including issues under discussion with the Australian Tax Office.
|
(g)
|
This tax reconciliation relates to the Group’s parent companies, subsidiaries and joint operations. The Group’s share of profit of equity accounted units is net of tax charges of US$190 million (2018: US$273 million; 2017: US$191 million).
|
|
2019
US$m |
|
2018
US$m |
|
2017
US$m |
|
Tax on fair value movements:
|
|
|
|
|||
– Cash flow hedge fair value gains
|
(6
|
)
|
(54
|
)
|
(1
|
)
|
Tax credit/(charge) on actuarial gains and losses on post-retirement benefit plans
|
83
|
|
(271
|
)
|
(12
|
)
|
Adjustments to deferred tax on post-retirement benefit plans due to changes in corporate tax rates in the US and France
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
(140
|
)
|
Tax relating to components of other comprehensive income/(loss) for the year(a)
|
77
|
|
(325
|
)
|
(153
|
)
|
(a)
|
This comprises a deferred tax credit of US$77 million (2018: charge of US$325 million; 2017: charge of US$153 million) and a current tax charge of US$nil (2018: US$nil 2017: US$nil (see note 17).
|
|
Annual report 2019 | riotinto.com
|
176
|
|
2019
Earnings US$m |
|
2019
Weighted average number of shares (millions) |
|
2019
Per share amount (cents) |
|
2018
Earnings US$m |
|
2018
Weighted average number of shares (millions) |
|
2018
Per share amount (cents) |
|
Basic earnings per share attributable to ordinary shareholders of Rio Tinto(a)
|
8,010
|
|
1,630.1
|
|
491.4
|
|
13,638
|
|
1,719.3
|
|
793.2
|
|
Diluted earnings per share attributable to ordinary shareholders of Rio Tinto(b)
|
8,010
|
|
1,642.1
|
|
487.8
|
|
13,638
|
|
1,731.7
|
|
787.6
|
|
|
2017
Earnings US$m |
|
2017
Weighted average number of shares (millions) |
|
2017
Per share amount (cents) |
|
Basic earnings per share attributable to ordinary shareholders of Rio Tinto(a)
|
8,762
|
|
1,786.7
|
|
490.4
|
|
Diluted earnings per share attributable to ordinary shareholders of Rio Tinto(b)
|
8,762
|
|
1,799.5
|
|
486.9
|
|
(a)
|
The weighted average number of shares is calculated as the average number of Rio Tinto plc shares outstanding not held as treasury shares of 1,259.4 million (2018: 1,312.7 million; 2017: 1,364.5 million) plus the average number of Rio Tinto Limited shares outstanding of 370.7 million (2018: 406.6 million; 2017: 422.3 million) over the relevant period. No Rio Tinto Limited ordinary shares were held by Rio Tinto plc in any of the periods presented.
|
(b)
|
For the purposes of calculating diluted earnings per share, the effect of dilutive securities of 12.0 million shares in 2019 (2018: 12.4 million; 2017: 12.8 million) is added to the weighted average number of shares described in (a) above. This effect is calculated under the treasury stock method, in accordance with IAS 33 “Earnings per share”. The Group’s only potential dilutive ordinary shares are share options for which terms and conditions are described in note 43.
|
|
2019
US$m |
|
2018
US$m |
|
2017
US$m |
|
Rio Tinto plc previous year final dividend paid
|
2,245
|
|
2,446
|
|
1,725
|
|
Rio Tinto plc previous year special dividend paid
|
3,032
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
Rio Tinto plc interim dividend paid
|
1,930
|
|
1,666
|
|
1,530
|
|
Rio Tinto plc interim special dividend paid
|
780
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
Rio Tinto Limited previous year final dividend paid
|
666
|
|
731
|
|
523
|
|
Rio Tinto Limited previous year special dividend paid
|
900
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
Rio Tinto Limited interim dividend paid
|
556
|
|
513
|
|
472
|
|
Rio Tinto Limited interim special dividend paid
|
225
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
Dividends paid during the year
|
10,334
|
|
5,356
|
|
4,250
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
Dividends per share: paid during the year
|
635.0
|
c
|
307.0
|
c
|
235.0
|
c
|
Final dividends per share: proposed in the announcement of the results for the year
|
231.0
|
c
|
180.0
|
c
|
180.0
|
c
|
Special dividends per share: proposed in the announcement of the results for the year
|
—
|
|
243.0
|
c
|
—
|
|
|
Dividends
per share 2019 |
|
Dividends
per share 2018 |
|
Dividends
per share 2017 |
|
Rio Tinto plc previous year final (pence)
|
135.96
|
p
|
129.43
|
p
|
100.56
|
p
|
Rio Tinto plc previous year special (pence)
|
183.55
|
p
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
Rio Tinto plc interim (pence)
|
123.32
|
p
|
96.82
|
p
|
83.13
|
p
|
Rio Tinto plc interim special (pence)
|
49.82
|
p
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
Rio Tinto Limited previous year final – fully franked at 30% (Australian cents)
|
250.89
|
c
|
228.53
|
c
|
163.62
|
c
|
Rio Tinto Limited previous year special – fully franked at 30% (Australian cents)
|
338.70
|
c
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
Rio Tinto Limited interim – fully franked at 30% (Australian cents)
|
219.08
|
c
|
170.84
|
c
|
137.72
|
c
|
Rio Tinto Limited interim special – fully franked at 30% (Australian cents)
|
88.50
|
c
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
|
Number
of shares 2019 (millions) |
|
Number
of shares 2018 (millions) |
|
Number
of shares 2017 (millions) |
|
Rio Tinto plc previous year final
|
1,265.0
|
|
1,334.8
|
|
1,374.6
|
|
Rio Tinto plc previous year special
|
1,265.0
|
|
N/A
|
|
N/A
|
|
Rio Tinto plc interim
|
1,256.4
|
|
1,308.4
|
|
1,366.1
|
|
Rio Tinto plc interim special
|
1,256.4
|
|
N/A
|
|
N/A
|
|
Rio Tinto Limited previous year final
|
371.2
|
|
412.4
|
|
424.0
|
|
Rio Tinto Limited previous year special
|
371.2
|
|
N/A
|
|
N/A
|
|
Rio Tinto Limited interim
|
371.2
|
|
412.4
|
|
424.0
|
|
Rio Tinto Limited interim special
|
371.2
|
|
N/A
|
|
N/A
|
|
177
|
Annual report 2019 | riotinto.com
|
|
|
2019
US$m |
|
2018
US$m |
|
Net book value
|
|
|
||
At 1 January
|
912
|
|
1,037
|
|
Adjustment on currency translation
|
10
|
|
(125
|
)
|
At 31 December
|
922
|
|
912
|
|
– cost
|
16,926
|
|
15,861
|
|
– accumulated impairment
|
(16,004
|
)
|
(14,949
|
)
|
|
|
|
||
At 1 January
|
|
|
||
– cost
|
15,861
|
|
17,942
|
|
– accumulated impairment
|
(14,949
|
)
|
(16,905
|
)
|
|
2019
US$m |
|
2018
US$m |
|
Net book value
|
|
|
||
Richards Bay Minerals
|
487
|
|
474
|
|
Pilbara
|
349
|
|
351
|
|
Dampier Salt
|
86
|
|
87
|
|
|
922
|
|
912
|
|
|
Annual report 2019 | riotinto.com
|
178
|
|
US$m
|
|
5% decrease in the titanium slag price
|
230
|
|
1% increase in the discount rate applied to post-tax cash flows
|
237
|
|
10% strengthening of the South African rand
|
762
|
|
Year ended 31 December 2019
|
Exploration
and evaluation(a) US$m |
|
Trademarks, patented and
non-patented technology US$m |
|
Contract based intangible
assets(b) US$m |
|
Other
intangible assets US$m |
|
Total
US$m |
|
Net book value
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
At 1 January 2019
|
233
|
|
59
|
|
1,982
|
|
505
|
|
2,779
|
|
Adjustment on currency translation
|
(1
|
)
|
(1
|
)
|
74
|
|
(1
|
)
|
71
|
|
Expenditure during the year
|
57
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
34
|
|
91
|
|
Amortisation for the year(c)
|
—
|
|
(14
|
)
|
(8
|
)
|
(111
|
)
|
(133
|
)
|
Impairment charges(d)
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
(1
|
)
|
(1
|
)
|
Disposals, transfers and other movements(e)
|
(116
|
)
|
—
|
|
(101
|
)
|
47
|
|
(170
|
)
|
At 31 December 2019
|
173
|
|
44
|
|
1,947
|
|
473
|
|
2,637
|
|
– cost
|
2,306
|
|
214
|
|
3,002
|
|
1,516
|
|
7,038
|
|
– accumulated amortisation and impairment
|
(2,133
|
)
|
(170
|
)
|
(1,055
|
)
|
(1,043
|
)
|
(4,401
|
)
|
Year ended 31 December 2018
|
Exploration
and evaluation(a) US$m |
|
Trademarks, patented and
non-patented technology US$m |
|
Contract based intangible
assets(b) US$m |
|
Other
intangible assets US$m |
|
Total
US$m |
|
Net book value
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
At 1 January 2018
|
393
|
|
75
|
|
2,188
|
|
463
|
|
3,119
|
|
Adjustment on currency translation
|
(25
|
)
|
(3
|
)
|
(171
|
)
|
(46
|
)
|
(245
|
)
|
Expenditure during the year
|
90
|
|
1
|
|
—
|
|
83
|
|
174
|
|
Amortisation for the year(c)
|
—
|
|
(14
|
)
|
(23
|
)
|
(96
|
)
|
(133
|
)
|
Impairment charges(d)
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
(2
|
)
|
(2
|
)
|
Disposals, transfers and other movements(e)
|
(225
|
)
|
—
|
|
(12
|
)
|
103
|
|
(134
|
)
|
At 31 December 2018
|
233
|
|
59
|
|
1,982
|
|
505
|
|
2,779
|
|
– cost
|
2,346
|
|
217
|
|
3,114
|
|
1,538
|
|
7,215
|
|
– accumulated amortisation and impairment
|
(2,113
|
)
|
(158
|
)
|
(1,132
|
)
|
(1,033
|
)
|
(4,436
|
)
|
179
|
Annual report 2019 | riotinto.com
|
|
(a)
|
Exploration and evaluation assets’ useful lives are not determined until transferred to property, plant and equipment.
|
(b)
|
The Group benefits from certain intangible assets acquired with Alcan, including power supply contracts, customer contracts and water rights. The water rights are expected to contribute to the efficiency and cost effectiveness of operations for the foreseeable future: accordingly, these rights are considered to have indefinite lives and are not subject to amortisation but are tested annually for impairment. These water rights constitute the majority of the amounts in “Contract based intangible assets”.
|
(c)
|
Finite life intangible assets are amortised over their useful economic lives on a straight line or units of production basis, as appropriate. Where amortisation is calculated on a straight line basis, the following useful lives have been determined:
|
(d)
|
Impairment charges in 2019 relate to the ISAL Smelter. Impairment charges in 2018 relate to the ISAL Smelter. See note 6.
|
(e)
|
Disposals, transfers and other movements includes the transfer from exploration and evaluation of the Zulti South project at Richards Bay Minerals to construction in progress following approval in April 2019 and reclassification of certain mineral rights from contract based intangibles to property, plant and equipment. In 2018, disposals, transfers and other movements included transfers to assets held for sale relating to Rössing Uranium and ISAL assets and transfers to Mining properties and leases in relation to the Koodaideri mine from Exploration and evaluation, offset by transfers into other intangibles as part of the Autohaul project.
|
|
2019
US$m |
|
2018
US$m |
|
2017
US$m |
|
Net expenditure in the year (net of cash proceeds of US$10 million (2018: US$233 million; 2017: US$3 million) on disposal of undeveloped projects)
|
(671
|
)
|
(345
|
)
|
(493
|
)
|
Non-cash movements and non-cash proceeds on disposal of undeveloped projects
|
—
|
|
45
|
|
(24
|
)
|
Amount capitalised during the year
|
57
|
|
90
|
|
57
|
|
Net charge for the year
|
(614
|
)
|
(210
|
)
|
(460
|
)
|
Reconciliation to income statement
|
|
|
|
|||
Exploration and evaluation costs
|
(624
|
)
|
(488
|
)
|
(445
|
)
|
Profit/(loss) relating to interests in undeveloped projects(a)
|
10
|
|
278
|
|
(15
|
)
|
Net charge for the year
|
(614
|
)
|
(210
|
)
|
(460
|
)
|
(a)
|
During 2018, profit relating to interests in undeveloped properties related to the gains on the sales of Valeria (US$83 million) and Winchester South (US$195 million) undeveloped properties which were included within underlying earnings.
|
|
Annual report 2019 | riotinto.com
|
180
|
Year ended 31 December 2019
|
Note
|
|
Mining
properties and leases(a) US$m |
|
Land
and buildings(b) US$m |
|
Plant
and equipment US$m |
|
Capital
works in progress US$m |
|
Total
US$m |
|
Net book value
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||
At 1 January 2019
|
|
11,063
|
|
6,263
|
|
32,019
|
|
7,016
|
|
56,361
|
|
|
Adjustment for transition to new accounting standard
|
45
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
(31
|
)
|
—
|
|
(31
|
)
|
Restated opening balance
|
|
|
11,063
|
|
6,263
|
|
31,988
|
|
7,016
|
|
56,330
|
|
Adjustment on currency translation(c)
|
|
|
27
|
|
72
|
|
286
|
|
41
|
|
426
|
|
Adjustments to capitalised closure costs
|
26
|
|
840
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
840
|
|
Interest capitalised(d)
|
8
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
321
|
|
321
|
|
Additions
|
|
433
|
|
46
|
|
616
|
|
4,435
|
|
5,530
|
|
|
Depreciation for the year(a)(e)
|
|
(729
|
)
|
(381
|
)
|
(2,869
|
)
|
—
|
|
(3,979
|
)
|
|
Impairment charges(f)
|
|
(1,339
|
)
|
(96
|
)
|
(1,115
|
)
|
(926
|
)
|
(3,476
|
)
|
|
Disposals
|
|
—
|
|
(9
|
)
|
(44
|
)
|
(19
|
)
|
(72
|
)
|
|
Transfers and other movements(h)
|
|
107
|
|
508
|
|
2,629
|
|
(2,857
|
)
|
387
|
|
|
At 31 December 2019
|
|
10,402
|
|
6,403
|
|
31,491
|
|
8,011
|
|
56,307
|
|
|
– cost
|
|
24,875
|
|
11,517
|
|
66,705
|
|
9,188
|
|
112,285
|
|
|
– accumulated depreciation and impairment
|
|
(14,473
|
)
|
(5,114
|
)
|
(35,214
|
)
|
(1,177
|
)
|
(55,978
|
)
|
|
Non-current assets pledged as security(i)
|
|
1,805
|
|
571
|
|
5,111
|
|
5,271
|
|
12,758
|
|
Year ended 31 December 2018
|
Note
|
Mining
properties and leases(a) US$m |
|
Land
and buildings(b) US$m |
|
Plant
and equipment US$m |
|
Capital
works in progress US$m |
|
Total
US$m |
|
Net book value
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
At 1 January 2018
|
|
11,488
|
|
7,376
|
|
36,285
|
|
6,944
|
|
62,093
|
|
Adjustment on currency translation(c)
|
|
(689
|
)
|
(548
|
)
|
(2,671
|
)
|
(249
|
)
|
(4,157
|
)
|
Adjustments to capitalised closure costs
|
26
|
486
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
486
|
|
Interest capitalised(d)
|
8
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
296
|
|
296
|
|
Additions
|
|
403
|
|
80
|
|
459
|
|
4,359
|
|
5,301
|
|
Depreciation for the year(a)(e)
|
|
(664
|
)
|
(382
|
)
|
(2,836
|
)
|
—
|
|
(3,882
|
)
|
Impairment charges(f)
|
|
(3
|
)
|
(20
|
)
|
(101
|
)
|
(6
|
)
|
(130
|
)
|
Disposals
|
|
(1
|
)
|
(54
|
)
|
(71
|
)
|
(4
|
)
|
(130
|
)
|
Subsidiaries no longer consolidated(g)
|
|
(1,103
|
)
|
(377
|
)
|
(1,392
|
)
|
(514
|
)
|
(3,386
|
)
|
Transfers and other movements(h)
|
|
1,146
|
|
188
|
|
2,346
|
|
(3,810
|
)
|
(130
|
)
|
At 31 December 2018
|
|
11,063
|
|
6,263
|
|
32,019
|
|
7,016
|
|
56,361
|
|
– cost
|
|
23,318
|
|
10,601
|
|
63,051
|
|
7,324
|
|
104,294
|
|
– accumulated depreciation and impairment
|
|
(12,255
|
)
|
(4,338
|
)
|
(31,032
|
)
|
(308
|
)
|
(47,933
|
)
|
Non-current assets held under finance leases
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
31
|
|
—
|
|
31
|
|
Non-current assets pledged as security(i)
|
|
3,054
|
|
385
|
|
5,194
|
|
4,588
|
|
13,221
|
|
(a)
|
At 31 December 2019, the net book value of capitalised production phase stripping costs totalled US$2,276 million, with US$1,833 million within Property, plant and equipment and a further US$443 million within Investments in equity accounted units (2018: total of US$2,050 million, with US$1,572 million in Property, plant and equipment and a further US$478 million within Investments in equity accounted units). During the year capitalisation of US$536 million was partly offset by depreciation of US$316 million (including amounts recorded within equity accounted units). Depreciation of deferred stripping costs in respect of subsidiaries of US$139 million (2018: US$134 million; 2017: US$194 million) is included within “Depreciation for the year”.
|
(b)
|
At 31 December 2019, the net book value amount for land and buildings includes freehold US$6,377 million (2018: US$6,240 million) and long leasehold US$26 million (2018: US$23 million).
|
(c)
|
Adjustment on currency translation represents the impact of exchange differences arising on the translation of the assets of entities with functional currencies other than the US dollar, recognised directly in the currency translation reserve. The adjustment in 2019 arose from the strengthening of the Canadian dollar against US dollar partially offset by weakening of other currencies against US dollar.
|
(d)
|
Interest is capitalised at a rate based on the Group or relevant subsidiary’s cost of borrowing or at the rate on project specific debt, where applicable. The Group’s average borrowing rate used for capitalisation of interest is 5.30% (2018: 4.90%).
|
(e)
|
Assets within operations for which production is not expected to fluctuate significantly from one year to another or which have a physical life shorter than the related mine are depreciated on a straight line basis as follows:
|
(f)
|
During 2019, impairment charges relate to the Oyu Tolgoi underground project, Yarwun alumina refinery and the ISAL Smelter (see note 6). During 2018, impairment charges primarily related to the ISAL smelter (see note 6).
|
(g)
|
During 2018, “Subsidiaries no longer consolidated” related primarily to the disposal of Kestrel and Hail Creek, which completed on 1 August 2018 and the disposal of Grasberg on 21 December 2018. Refer to note 37.
|
(h)
|
“Transfers and other movements” includes reclassifications between categories and the transfer from assets held for sale of ISAL assets at 30 June 2019 as these assets no longer met the criteria to be classified as assets held for sale (see note 19). In 2018, the movement included transfers to assets held for sale relating to Rössing Uranium and ISAL assets.
|
(i)
|
Excludes assets held under capitalised lease arrangements. Non-current assets pledged as security represent amounts pledged as collateral against US$4,540 million (2018: US$4,562 million) of loans, which are included in note 22.
|
181
|
Annual report 2019 | riotinto.com
|
|
|
Land
and buildings US$m |
|
Plant
and equipment US$m |
|
Total
US$m |
|
Net book value
|
|
|
|
|||
31 December 2019
|
507
|
|
558
|
|
1,065
|
|
1 January 2019(a)
|
463
|
|
559
|
|
1,022
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
Additions for the year
|
|
|
|
|||
31 December 2019
|
89
|
|
212
|
|
301
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
Depreciation for the year (included within operating costs)
|
|
|
|
|||
31 December 2019
|
(69
|
)
|
(203
|
)
|
(272
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|||
Impairment charges(b)
|
|
|
|
|||
31 December 2019
|
(6
|
)
|
(4
|
)
|
(10
|
)
|
(a)
|
The net book value of right of use assets at 1 January 2019 was US$1,022 million, comprising an adjustment upon transition to IFRS 16 of US$991 million, and assets previously held under finance leases under IAS 17 of US$31 million. Refer to note 45 for additional information relating to the Group's implementation of IFRS 16 "Leases".
|
(b)
|
Impairment charges related to the ISAL smelter (see note 6).
|
|
2019
US$m |
|
2018
US$m |
|
Rio Tinto's share of assets
|
|
|
||
– Non-current assets
|
5,820
|
|
6,000
|
|
– Current assets
|
831
|
|
887
|
|
|
6,651
|
|
6,887
|
|
Rio Tinto's share of liabilities
|
|
|
||
– Current liabilities
|
(675
|
)
|
(607
|
)
|
– Non-current liabilities
|
(2,005
|
)
|
(1,981
|
)
|
|
(2,680
|
)
|
(2,588
|
)
|
Rio Tinto's share of net assets
|
3,971
|
|
4,299
|
|
|
Annual report 2019 | riotinto.com
|
182
|
|
2019
US$m |
|
2018
US$m |
|
Raw materials and purchased components
|
675
|
|
734
|
|
Consumable stores
|
925
|
|
862
|
|
Work in progress
|
1,066
|
|
1,026
|
|
Finished goods and goods for resale
|
936
|
|
977
|
|
Total inventories
|
3,602
|
|
3,599
|
|
Comprising:
|
|
|
||
Expected to be used within one year
|
3,463
|
|
3,447
|
|
Expected to be used after more than one year
|
139
|
|
152
|
|
Total inventories
|
3,602
|
|
3,599
|
|
|
2019
US$m |
|
2018
US$m |
|
At 1 January – deferred tax liability
|
536
|
|
233
|
|
Adjustment to opening balance on transition to new accounting standards
|
(4
|
)
|
(71
|
)
|
At 1 January – restated opening balance
|
532
|
|
162
|
|
Adjustment on currency translation
|
77
|
|
(172
|
)
|
(Credited)/charged to the income statement
|
(289
|
)
|
516
|
|
(Credited)/charged to statement of comprehensive income(a)
|
(77
|
)
|
325
|
|
Disposals
|
—
|
|
(263
|
)
|
Other movements(b)
|
(125
|
)
|
(32
|
)
|
At 31 December – deferred tax liability
|
118
|
|
536
|
|
|
|
|
||
Comprising:
|
|
|
||
– deferred tax liabilities(c)(d)
|
3,220
|
|
3,673
|
|
– deferred tax assets(c)(e)(f)
|
(3,102
|
)
|
(3,137
|
)
|
183
|
Annual report 2019 | riotinto.com
|
|
|
Total
2019 US$m |
|
Total
2018 US$m |
|
Deferred tax liabilities arising from:
|
|
|
||
Capital allowances
|
4,742
|
|
4,408
|
|
Unremitted earnings(d)
|
411
|
|
454
|
|
Capitalised interest
|
387
|
|
259
|
|
Unrealised exchange gains
|
3
|
|
5
|
|
Other temporary differences
|
289
|
|
309
|
|
Total
|
5,832
|
|
5,435
|
|
Deferred tax assets arising from:
|
|
|
||
Tax losses(e)
|
(1,847
|
)
|
(1,894
|
)
|
Provisions
|
(1,810
|
)
|
(1,585
|
)
|
Capital allowances
|
(604
|
)
|
(154
|
)
|
Post-retirement benefits
|
(346
|
)
|
(293
|
)
|
Unrealised exchange losses
|
(176
|
)
|
(187
|
)
|
Other temporary differences
|
(931
|
)
|
(786
|
)
|
Total
|
(5,714
|
)
|
(4,899
|
)
|
|
|
|
||
Charged/(credited) to the income statement
|
|
|
||
Unrealised exchange losses
|
21
|
|
57
|
|
Tax losses
|
164
|
|
(30
|
)
|
Provisions
|
(175
|
)
|
(19
|
)
|
Capital allowances
|
(181
|
)
|
461
|
|
Tax on unremitted earnings
|
5
|
|
(33
|
)
|
Post-retirement benefits
|
18
|
|
30
|
|
Other temporary differences
|
(141
|
)
|
50
|
|
Total
|
(289
|
)
|
516
|
|
(a)
|
The amounts (credited)/charged directly to the Statement of comprehensive income include provisions for tax on exchange differences on intragroup loans qualifying for reporting as part of the net investment in subsidiaries, on cash flow hedges and on actuarial gains and losses on pension schemes and on post-retirement healthcare plans.
|
(b)
|
“Other movements” include deferred tax relating to tax payable recognised by subsidiary holding companies on the profits of the equity accounted units to which it relates.
|
(c)
|
The deferred tax liability of US$3,220 million (2018: US$3,673 million) includes US$3,202 million (2018: US$3,658 million) due in more than one year. The deferred tax asset of US$3,102 million (2018: US$3,137 million) includes US$3,087 million (2018: US$3,133 million) receivable in more than one year. All amounts are shown as non-current on the face of the balance sheet as required by IAS 12.
|
(d)
|
Deferred tax is not recognised on the unremitted earnings of subsidiaries and joint ventures totalling US$3,861 million (2018: US$3,726 million) where the Group is able to control the timing of the remittance and it is probable that there will be no remittance in the foreseeable future. If these earnings were remitted, tax of US$164 million (2018: US$157 million) would be payable.
|
(e)
|
There is a limited time period, the shortest of which is six years, for the recovery of US$1,186 million (2018: US$1,519 million) of tax losses and other tax assets which have been recognised as deferred tax assets in the financial statements.
|
(f)
|
Recognised and unrecognised deferred tax assets are shown in the table below and totalled US$6,264 million at 31 December 2019 (2018: US$5,647 million). Of this total, US$3,102 million has been recognised as deferred tax assets (2018: US$3,137 million), leaving US$3,162 million (2018: US$2,510 million) unrecognised, as recovery is not considered probable.
|
|
Recognised
|
Unrecognised
|
||||||
At 31 December |
2019
US$m |
|
2018
US$m |
|
2019
US$m |
|
2018
US$m |
|
France
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
1,111
|
|
1,122
|
|
Canada
|
492
|
|
545
|
|
566
|
|
559
|
|
US
|
920
|
|
932
|
|
51
|
|
12
|
|
Australia
|
698
|
|
796
|
|
316
|
|
289
|
|
Mongolia(a)
|
704
|
|
703
|
|
721
|
|
87
|
|
Other(b)
|
288
|
|
161
|
|
397
|
|
441
|
|
Total
|
3,102
|
|
3,137
|
|
3,162
|
|
2,510
|
|
(a)
|
Deferred tax assets in Mongolia include US$130 million (2018: US$469 million) from tax losses that expire if not recovered against taxable profits within eight years. Tax losses have been calculated in accordance with the provisions of the Oyu Tolgoi Investment Agreement and Mongolian laws. Recovery of the recognised deferred tax assets is expected to commence from 2025 based on projected cash flows, consistent with the mine design options used in the impairment test described in note 6. Tax law in Mongolia and its interpretation by the tax authority has been, and is expected to continue to be, subject to change. Such future changes could have a material impact on the amount and period of recovery of these deferred tax assets. During 2019, an impairment charge of US$359 million was recognised for tax losses that are now expected to expire without utilisation. Refer to note 6.
|
(b)
|
US$695 million (2018: US$684 million) of the unrecognised assets relate to realised or unrealised capital losses, the recovery of which depends on the existence of capital gains in future years. There are time limits, the shortest of which is three years, for the recovery of US$491 million of these unrecognised assets (2018: US$96 million).
|
|
Annual report 2019 | riotinto.com
|
184
|
|
Non-current
2019 US$m |
|
Current
2019 US$m |
|
Total
2019 US$m |
|
Non-current
2018 US$m |
|
Current 2018
US$m |
|
Total
2018 US$m |
|
Trade receivables(a)
|
1
|
|
2,097
|
|
2,098
|
|
—
|
|
2,167
|
|
2,167
|
|
Other financial receivables(a)
|
286
|
|
453
|
|
739
|
|
240
|
|
550
|
|
790
|
|
Receivables relating to net investment in finance leases(a)
|
52
|
|
11
|
|
63
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
Amounts due from equity accounted units(a)
|
—
|
|
38
|
|
38
|
|
—
|
|
50
|
|
50
|
|
Other receivables
|
123
|
|
209
|
|
332
|
|
129
|
|
226
|
|
355
|
|
Prepayment of tolling charges to jointly controlled entities(b)
|
221
|
|
—
|
|
221
|
|
228
|
|
—
|
|
228
|
|
Pension surpluses (note 44)
|
984
|
|
—
|
|
984
|
|
935
|
|
—
|
|
935
|
|
Other prepayments
|
49
|
|
219
|
|
268
|
|
53
|
|
186
|
|
239
|
|
Total
|
1,716
|
|
3,027
|
|
4,743
|
|
1,585
|
|
3,179
|
|
4,764
|
|
(a)
|
At 31 December 2019, trade and other financial receivables, receivables relating to net investment in finance leases and amounts due from equity accounted units are stated net of allowances for expected credit losses of US$54 million (2018: US$15 million).
|
(b)
|
These prepayments will be charged to Group operating costs as processing takes place.
|
|
2018
US$m |
|
Assets
|
|
|
Intangible assets
|
4
|
|
Property, plant and equipment
|
238
|
|
Investments in equity accounted units
|
5
|
|
Inventories
|
186
|
|
Deferred tax assets
|
66
|
|
Trade and other receivables
|
58
|
|
Other financial assets (including loans to equity accounted units)
|
60
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents
|
117
|
|
Assets of disposal groups held for sale
|
734
|
|
|
|
|
Liabilities
|
|
|
Trade and other payables
|
(134
|
)
|
Provisions including post-retirement benefits
|
(160
|
)
|
Liabilities of disposal groups held for sale
|
(294
|
)
|
Net assets associated with disposal groups
|
440
|
|
185
|
Annual report 2019 | riotinto.com
|
|
|
Non-current
2019 US$m |
|
Current
2019 US$m |
|
Total
2019 US$m |
|
Non-current
2018 US$m |
|
Current
2018 US$m |
|
Total
2018 US$m |
|
Derivative financial instruments
|
308
|
|
58
|
|
366
|
|
468
|
|
88
|
|
556
|
|
Equity shares and quoted funds
|
52
|
|
9
|
|
61
|
|
53
|
|
77
|
|
130
|
|
Other investments, including loans(a)
|
236
|
|
2,603
|
|
2,839
|
|
255
|
|
2,527
|
|
2,782
|
|
Loans to equity accounted units
|
39
|
|
—
|
|
39
|
|
38
|
|
—
|
|
38
|
|
Total
|
635
|
|
2,670
|
|
3,305
|
|
814
|
|
2,692
|
|
3,506
|
|
(a)
|
Current “Other investments, including loans” includes US$2,584 million (2018: US$2,522 million) of highly liquid financial assets held in managed investment funds classified as held for trading.
|
|
Note
|
|
2019
US$m |
|
2018
US$m |
|
Cash at bank and in hand
|
|
978
|
|
740
|
|
|
Money market funds and other cash equivalents
|
|
7,049
|
|
10,033
|
|
|
Balance per Group balance sheet
|
|
8,027
|
|
10,773
|
|
|
Bank overdrafts repayable on demand (unsecured)
|
22
|
|
—
|
|
(1
|
)
|
Cash and cash equivalents included in Assets held for sale
|
19
|
|
—
|
|
117
|
|
Balance per Group cash flow statement
|
|
8,027
|
|
10,889
|
|
|
Annual report 2019 | riotinto.com
|
186
|
|
Note
|
|
Non-current
2019 US$m |
|
Current
2019 US$m |
|
Total
2019 US$m |
|
Non-current
2018 US$m |
|
Current
2018 US$m |
|
Total
2018 US$m |
|
Rio Tinto Finance plc Euro Bonds 2.0% due 2020(a)(b)
|
|
—
|
|
455
|
|
455
|
|
468
|
|
—
|
|
468
|
|
|
Rio Tinto Finance plc Euro Bonds 2.875% due 2024(a)(b)
|
|
508
|
|
—
|
|
508
|
|
514
|
|
—
|
|
514
|
|
|
Rio Tinto Finance (USA) Limited Bonds 3.75% 2025(a)
|
|
1,229
|
|
—
|
|
1,229
|
|
1,170
|
|
—
|
|
1,170
|
|
|
Rio Tinto Finance (USA) Limited Bonds 7.125% 2028(a)
|
|
958
|
|
—
|
|
958
|
|
927
|
|
—
|
|
927
|
|
|
Alcan Inc. Debentures 7.25% due 2028(a)
|
|
104
|
|
—
|
|
104
|
|
104
|
|
—
|
|
104
|
|
|
Rio Tinto Finance plc Sterling Bonds 4.0% due 2029(a)(b)
|
|
647
|
|
—
|
|
647
|
|
633
|
|
—
|
|
633
|
|
|
Alcan Inc. Debentures 7.25% due 2031
|
|
419
|
|
—
|
|
419
|
|
421
|
|
—
|
|
421
|
|
|
Alcan Inc. Global Notes 6.125% due 2033
|
|
742
|
|
—
|
|
742
|
|
741
|
|
—
|
|
741
|
|
|
Alcan Inc. Global Notes 5.75% due 2035
|
|
289
|
|
—
|
|
289
|
|
288
|
|
—
|
|
288
|
|
|
Rio Tinto Finance (USA) Limited Bonds 5.2% 2040(a)
|
|
1,137
|
|
—
|
|
1,137
|
|
1,095
|
|
—
|
|
1,095
|
|
|
Rio Tinto Finance (USA) plc Bonds 4.75% 2042(a)
|
|
483
|
|
—
|
|
483
|
|
462
|
|
—
|
|
462
|
|
|
Rio Tinto Finance (USA) plc Bonds 4.125% 2042(a)
|
|
716
|
|
—
|
|
716
|
|
685
|
|
—
|
|
685
|
|
|
Oyu Tolgoi LLC MIGA Insured Loan LIBOR plus 2.65% due 2027(c)
|
|
676
|
|
3
|
|
679
|
|
676
|
|
—
|
|
676
|
|
|
Oyu Tolgoi LLC Commercial Banks "B Loan" LIBOR plus 3.4% due 2027(c)
|
|
1,581
|
|
8
|
|
1,589
|
|
1,588
|
|
—
|
|
1,588
|
|
|
Oyu Tolgoi LLC Export Credit Agencies Loan 2.3% due 2028(c)
|
|
273
|
|
3
|
|
276
|
|
272
|
|
—
|
|
272
|
|
|
Oyu Tolgoi LLC Export Credit Agencies Loan LIBOR plus 3.65% due 2029(c)
|
|
869
|
|
5
|
|
874
|
|
871
|
|
—
|
|
871
|
|
|
Oyu Tolgoi LLC International Financial Institutions "A Loan" LIBOR plus 3.78% due 2030(c)
|
|
771
|
|
4
|
|
775
|
|
768
|
|
—
|
|
768
|
|
|
Other secured loans
|
|
302
|
|
45
|
|
347
|
|
345
|
|
42
|
|
387
|
|
|
Other unsecured loans
|
|
382
|
|
197
|
|
579
|
|
373
|
|
264
|
|
637
|
|
|
Lease liabilities
|
23
|
|
1,007
|
|
302
|
|
1,309
|
|
39
|
|
5
|
|
44
|
|
Bank overdrafts
|
21
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
1
|
|
1
|
|
Total borrowings including overdrafts(d)
|
|
13,093
|
|
1,022
|
|
14,115
|
|
12,440
|
|
312
|
|
12,752
|
|
(a)
|
These borrowings are subject to hedging arrangements and are summarised in the interest rate risk section of note 30.
|
(b)
|
Rio Tinto has a US$10 billion (2018: US$10 billion) European Debt Issuance Programme against which the cumulative amount utilised was US$1.6 billion equivalent at 31 December 2019 (2018: US$1.6 billion). The carrying value of these bonds after hedge accounting adjustments amounted to US$1.6 billion (2018: US$1.6 billion) in aggregate.
|
(c)
|
These borrowings relate to the Oyu Tolgoi LLC project finance facility. The project finance facility provides for interest-only payments for the first five years from 2016 followed by minimum repayments according to a stepped amortisation schedule for the remaining life of the facility. The due dates stated represent the final repayment date. The interest rates stated are pre-completion and will increase by 1% post-completion.
|
(d)
|
The Group’s borrowings of US$14.1 billion (2018: US$12.8 billion) include US$4.5 billion (2018: US$4.6 billion) of subsidiary entity borrowings that are subject to various financial and general covenants with which the respective borrowers were in compliance as at 31 December 2019.
|
|
Non-current
2019 US$m |
|
Current
2019 US$m |
|
Total
2019 US$m |
|
Non-current
2018 US$m |
|
Current
2018 US$m |
|
Total
2018 US$m |
|
Derivative financial instruments
|
248
|
|
103
|
|
351
|
|
407
|
|
95
|
|
502
|
|
Other financial liabilities
|
—
|
|
247
|
|
247
|
|
—
|
|
666
|
|
666
|
|
Total other financial liabilities
|
248
|
|
350
|
|
598
|
|
407
|
|
761
|
|
1,168
|
|
Total borrowings including overdrafts (as above)
|
13,093
|
|
1,022
|
|
14,115
|
|
12,440
|
|
312
|
|
12,752
|
|
Total borrowings and other financial liabilities
|
13,341
|
|
1,372
|
|
14,713
|
|
12,847
|
|
1,073
|
|
13,920
|
|
Description of payment
|
2019
US$m |
|
Included within
|
Principal lease payments
|
315
|
|
Cash flows from financing activities
|
Interest payments on leases
|
53
|
|
Cash flows from operating activities
|
Payments for short-term leases
|
327
|
|
Net operating costs
|
Payments for variable lease components
|
15
|
|
Net operating costs
|
Payments for low value leases (>12 months in duration)
|
1
|
|
Net operating costs
|
Total lease payments
|
711
|
|
|
187
|
Annual report 2019 | riotinto.com
|
|
|
Note
|
2019
US$m |
|
2018
US$m |
|
Lease liabilities(a)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Due within 1 year
|
|
349
|
|
5
|
|
Between 1 and 3 years
|
|
424
|
|
10
|
|
Between 3 and 5 years
|
|
226
|
|
18
|
|
More than 5 years
|
|
671
|
|
12
|
|
Total undiscounted cash payments expected to be made
|
|
1,670
|
|
45
|
|
Effect of discounting
|
|
(361
|
)
|
(1
|
)
|
Present value of minimum lease payments
|
22
|
1,309
|
|
44
|
|
(a)
|
Amounts for 2018 represent finance lease liabilities under IAS 17 “Leases”.
|
|
Financing liabilities(b)
|
Other assets
|
|
|||||||||
Year ended 31 December 2019
|
Borrowings
excluding overdrafts(a) US$m |
|
Lease liabilities(e)
US$m |
|
Debt-related derivatives (included in Other financial
assets/liabilities)(c) US$m |
|
Cash and cash equivalents(b)
US$m |
|
Other investments(d)
US$m |
|
Net
(debt)/cash US$m |
|
Analysis of changes in consolidated net (debt)/cash
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||
Opening balance
|
(12,707
|
)
|
(44
|
)
|
(288
|
)
|
10,772
|
|
2,522
|
|
255
|
|
Adjustment for transition to new accounting standard (see note 45)
|
—
|
|
(1,248
|
)
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
(1,248
|
)
|
Foreign exchange adjustment
|
(5
|
)
|
(9
|
)
|
3
|
|
(54
|
)
|
—
|
|
(65
|
)
|
Cash movements excluding exchange movements
|
123
|
|
315
|
|
—
|
|
(2,808
|
)
|
28
|
|
(2,342
|
)
|
Other non-cash movements
|
(217
|
)
|
(323
|
)
|
138
|
|
117
|
|
34
|
|
(251
|
)
|
Closing balance
|
(12,806
|
)
|
(1,309
|
)
|
(147
|
)
|
8,027
|
|
2,584
|
|
(3,651
|
)
|
Year ended 31 December 2018
|
Financing liabilities(b)
|
Other assets
|
|
|||||||||
Borrowings
excluding overdrafts(a) US$m |
|
Finance leases
US$m |
|
Debt-related derivatives (included in Other financial
assets/ liabilities)(c) US$m |
|
Cash and cash equivalents(b)
US$m |
|
Other investments(d)
US$m |
|
Net
(debt)/cash US$m |
|
|
Analysis of changes in consolidated net (debt)/cash
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||
Opening balance
|
(15,120)
|
|
(53)
|
|
(177
|
)
|
10,547
|
|
958
|
|
(3,845
|
)
|
Foreign exchange adjustment
|
123
|
|
3
|
|
(64
|
)
|
151
|
|
—
|
|
213
|
|
Cash movements excluding exchange movements
|
2,240
|
|
6
|
|
51
|
|
191
|
|
1,557
|
|
4,045
|
|
Other non-cash movements
|
50
|
|
—
|
|
(98
|
)
|
(117
|
)
|
7
|
|
(158
|
)
|
Closing balance
|
(12,707
|
)
|
(44
|
)
|
(288
|
)
|
10,772
|
|
2,522
|
|
255
|
|
(a)
|
Borrowings excluding overdrafts and including lease liabilities at 31 December 2019 of US$14,115 million (2018: US$12,751 million) differ from total borrowings and other financial liabilities of US$14,713 million (2018: US$13,920 million) on the balance sheet as they exclude other current financial liabilities of US$350 million (31 December 2018: US$761 million); other non-current financial liabilities of US$248 million (31 December 2018: US$407 million) and, at 31 December 2018, overdrafts of US$1 million.
|
(b)
|
Closing cash and cash equivalents at 31 December 2018 differ from cash and cash equivalents on the balance sheet as they include overdrafts of US$1 million which have been classified as a financial liability; there were no overdrafts at 31 December 2019. Other non-cash movements at 31 December 2019 of US$117 million represents the elimination of cash movements during the year in respect of assets held for sale which are included in the cash flow statement. In 2018, this represents the reclassification of cash and cash equivalents in disposal groups to assets held for sale (US$117 million).
|
(c)
|
Included within "Debt-related derivatives" are interest rate and cross currency interest rate swaps that are in hedge relationships with the Group's debt.
|
(d)
|
Other investments comprise US$2,584 million (2018: US$2,522 million) of highly liquid financial assets held in managed investment funds classified as held for trading.
|
(e)
|
Other movements in lease liabilities include the net impact of additions, modifications and terminations during the year.
|
|
Annual report 2019 | riotinto.com
|
188
|
|
Non-current
2019 US$m |
|
Current
2019 US$m |
|
Total
2019 US$m |
|
Non-current
2018 US$m |
|
Current
2018 US$m |
|
Total
2018 US$m |
|
Trade payables
|
—
|
|
2,855
|
|
2,855
|
|
—
|
|
3,180
|
|
3,180
|
|
Other financial payables
|
272
|
|
668
|
|
940
|
|
256
|
|
653
|
|
909
|
|
Other payables
|
110
|
|
97
|
|
207
|
|
165
|
|
114
|
|
279
|
|
Deferred income(a)
|
143
|
|
200
|
|
343
|
|
176
|
|
234
|
|
410
|
|
Accruals
|
27
|
|
1,305
|
|
1,332
|
|
11
|
|
1,229
|
|
1,240
|
|
Employee entitlements
|
—
|
|
650
|
|
650
|
|
—
|
|
630
|
|
630
|
|
Royalties and mining taxes
|
4
|
|
596
|
|
600
|
|
1
|
|
487
|
|
488
|
|
Amounts owed to equity accounted units
|
167
|
|
104
|
|
271
|
|
156
|
|
67
|
|
223
|
|
Government grants deferred
|
71
|
|
5
|
|
76
|
|
76
|
|
6
|
|
82
|
|
Total
|
794
|
|
6,480
|
|
7,274
|
|
841
|
|
6,600
|
|
7,441
|
|
(a)
|
Deferred income includes contract liabilities of US$158 million (2018: US$198 million).
|
|
Note
|
|
Pensions
and post-retirement healthcare(a) US$m |
|
Other
employee entitlements(b) US$m |
|
Close-down
and restoration/ environmental(c) US$m |
|
Other
US$m |
|
Total
2019 US$m |
|
Total
2018 US$m |
|
At 1 January
|
|
2,486
|
|
360
|
|
9,975
|
|
787
|
|
13,608
|
|
14,642
|
|
|
Adjustment to opening balance on transition to new accounting standard
|
45
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
(66
|
)
|
(66
|
)
|
—
|
|
Restated opening balance
|
|
|
2,486
|
|
360
|
|
9,975
|
|
721
|
|
13,542
|
|
14,642
|
|
Adjustment on currency translation
|
|
51
|
|
(1
|
)
|
17
|
|
(2
|
)
|
65
|
|
(898
|
)
|
|
Adjustments to mining properties:
|
14
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||
– changes in estimate
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
840
|
|
—
|
|
840
|
|
486
|
|
|
Charged/(credited) to profit:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
– increases to existing and new provisions
|
|
166
|
|
90
|
|
171
|
|
423
|
|
850
|
|
1,137
|
|
|
– unused amounts reversed
|
|
—
|
|
(20
|
)
|
(19
|
)
|
(61
|
)
|
(100
|
)
|
(144
|
)
|
|
– exchange losses on provisions
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
3
|
|
—
|
|
3
|
|
16
|
|
|
– amortisation of discount
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
383
|
|
4
|
|
387
|
|
381
|
|
|
Utilised in year
|
|
(205
|
)
|
(78
|
)
|
(330
|
)
|
(131
|
)
|
(744
|
)
|
(837
|
)
|
|
Actuarial losses/(gains) recognised in equity
|
|
235
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
235
|
|
(781
|
)
|
|
Subsidiaries no longer consolidated(d)
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
(318
|
)
|
|
Transfers and other movements(e)
|
|
(19
|
)
|
3
|
|
50
|
|
(9
|
)
|
25
|
|
(76
|
)
|
|
At 31 December
|
|
2,714
|
|
354
|
|
11,090
|
|
945
|
|
15,103
|
|
13,608
|
|
|
Balance sheet analysis:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Current
|
|
73
|
|
260
|
|
541
|
|
525
|
|
1,399
|
|
1,056
|
|
|
Non-current
|
|
2,641
|
|
94
|
|
10,549
|
|
420
|
|
13,704
|
|
12,552
|
|
|
Total
|
|
2,714
|
|
354
|
|
11,090
|
|
945
|
|
15,103
|
|
13,608
|
|
(a)
|
The main assumptions used to determine the provision for pensions and post-retirement healthcare, and other information, including the expected level of future funding payments in respect of those arrangements, are given in note 44.
|
(b)
|
The provision for other employee entitlements includes a provision for long service leave of US$248 million (2018: US$242 million), based on the relevant entitlements in certain Group operations and includes US$30 million (2018: US$46 million) of provision for redundancy and severance payments.
|
(c)
|
The Group’s policy on close-down and restoration costs is described in note 1(l) and in paragraph (iv) under “Critical accounting policies and estimates” on pages 160 and 164. Close-down
|
(d)
|
In 2018 Subsidiaries no longer consolidated related primarily to the disposal of Kestrel and Hail Creek, which completed on 1 August 2018 and the disposal of Grasberg on 21 December 2018. Refer to note 37.
|
(e)
|
Transfers and other movements includes the transfer of ISAL's provisions from Liabilities held for sale at 30 June 2019. In 2018, it included transfers to Liabilities held for sale relating to provisions recognised by Rössing Uranium and ISAL.
|
189
|
Annual report 2019 | riotinto.com
|
|
(a)
|
40,974 ordinary shares were issued in 2019 under the Global Employee Share Plan (GESP). 23,659 ordinary shares were reissued from treasury during the year resulting from the vesting of awards and the exercise of options under Rio Tinto plc employee share-based payment plans, with exercise prices and market values between £36.33 and £49.74 per share (2018: 35,380 ordinary shares were issued under the GESP and 106,045 ordinary shares were reissued from treasury with exercise prices and market values between £16.53 and £43.79 per share; 2017: 26,241 ordinary shares were issued under the GESP and 147,126 ordinary shares reissued from treasury with exercise prices and market values between £28.63 and £37.78 per share).
|
(b)
|
The authority for the company to buy back its ordinary shares was renewed at the 2019 annual general meeting. 28,356,034 shares were bought back and cancelled in 2019 under the on-market buy-back programme. 63,984,287 shares were bought back and cancelled in 2018 under the on-market buy-back programme. 32,937,109 shares were bought back in 2017 under the on-market buy-back programme.
|
(c)
|
The aggregate consideration for new shares issued under the GESP was US$1.1 million (2018: US$1.0 million; 2017: US$1.0 million). The difference between the nominal value and the issue price of the shares issued was credited to the share premium account. The aggregate consideration received for treasury shares reissued was US$1 million (2018: US$6 million; 2017: US$2 million). No new shares were issued as a result of the exercise of options under Rio Tinto plc employee share-based payment plans in 2019, 2018 and 2017.
|
(d)
|
The “Special Voting Share” was issued to facilitate the joint voting by shareholders of Rio Tinto plc and Rio Tinto Limited on Joint Decisions, following the DLC Merger. The “DLC Dividend Share” was issued to facilitate the efficient management of funds within the DLC structure. Directors have the ability to issue an Equalisation Share if that is required under the terms of the DLC Merger Sharing Agreement.
|
|
2019
Number (million) |
|
2018
Number (million) |
2017
Number (million) |
2019
US$m |
|
2018
US$m |
|
2017
US$m |
|
Issued and fully paid up share capital
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||
At 1 January
|
371.21
|
|
412.41
|
424.19
|
3,477
|
|
4,140
|
|
3,915
|
|
Adjustment on currency translation
|
|
|
|
(29
|
)
|
(382
|
)
|
310
|
|
|
Ordinary shares purchased and cancelled(a)(b)
|
—
|
|
(41.20)
|
(11.78)
|
—
|
|
(281
|
)
|
(85
|
)
|
At 31 December
|
371.21
|
|
371.21
|
412.41
|
3,448
|
|
3,477
|
|
4,140
|
|
– Special Voting Share(c)
|
1 only
|
|
1 only
|
1 only
|
|
|
|
|||
– DLC Dividend Share(c)
|
1 only
|
|
1 only
|
1 only
|
|
|
|
|||
Total share capital
|
371.21
|
|
371.21
|
412.41
|
|
|
|
(a)
|
In November 2018, 41,198,134 Rio Tinto Limited ordinary shares were purchased at A$69.69 per share and cancelled under an off-market share buy-back programme carried out pursuant to the shareholder approval granted at Rio Tinto Limited’s 2018 annual general meeting for off-market and on-market buy-backs of up to 41.2 million Rio Tinto Limited ordinary shares.
|
(b)
|
In November 2017, 11,778,064 Rio Tinto Limited ordinary shares were purchased at A$63.67 per share and cancelled under an off-market share buy-back programme carried out pursuant to the shareholder approval granted at Rio Tinto Limited’s 2017 annual general meeting for off-market and on-market buy-backs of up to 42.4 million Rio Tinto Limited ordinary shares.
|
(c)
|
The “Special Voting Share” was issued to facilitate the joint voting by shareholders of Rio Tinto Limited and Rio Tinto plc on Joint Decisions following the DLC Merger. The “DLC Dividend Share” was issued to facilitate the efficient management of funds within the DLC structure. Directors have the ability to issue an Equalisation Share if that is required under the terms of the DLC Merger Sharing Agreement.
|
|
Annual report 2019 | riotinto.com
|
190
|
|
2019
US$m |
|
2018
US$m |
|
2017
US$m |
|
Capital redemption reserve(a)
|
|
|
|
|||
At 1 January
|
47
|
|
38
|
|
34
|
|
Own shares purchased and cancelled
|
4
|
|
9
|
|
4
|
|
At 31 December
|
51
|
|
47
|
|
38
|
|
Cash flow hedge reserve
|
|
|
|
|||
At 1 January
|
195
|
|
32
|
|
32
|
|
Adjustment for transition to new accounting pronouncements at 1 January 2018 (note 45)
|
—
|
|
(4
|
)
|
—
|
|
Cash flow hedge gains
|
12
|
|
156
|
|
62
|
|
Cash flow hedge (gains)/losses transferred to the income statement
|
(41
|
)
|
40
|
|
(62
|
)
|
Tax on the above
|
(6
|
)
|
(54
|
)
|
—
|
|
Transfers and other movements
|
—
|
|
25
|
|
—
|
|
At 31 December
|
160
|
|
195
|
|
32
|
|
Available for sale revaluation reserves
|
|
|
|
|||
At 1 January
|
—
|
|
20
|
|
(126
|
)
|
Adjustment for transition to new accounting pronouncements at 1 January 2018 (note 45)
|
—
|
|
(20
|
)
|
—
|
|
Gains on available for sale securities
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
19
|
|
Losses on available for sale securities transferred to the income statement
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
6
|
|
Tax on the above
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
(1
|
)
|
Transfers and other movements
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
122
|
|
At 31 December
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
20
|
|
Fair value through other comprehensive income reserve
|
|
|
|
|||
At 1 January
|
(6
|
)
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
Adjustment for transition to new accounting pronouncements at 1 January 2018 (note 45)
|
—
|
|
8
|
|
—
|
|
Losses on equity investments
|
(5
|
)
|
(11
|
)
|
—
|
|
Transfers to retained earnings
|
—
|
|
(3
|
)
|
—
|
|
At 31 December
|
(11
|
)
|
(6
|
)
|
—
|
|
Cost of hedging reserve
|
|
|
|
|||
At 1 January
|
(13
|
)
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
Adjustment for transition to new accounting pronouncements at 1 January 2018 (note 45)
|
—
|
|
26
|
|
—
|
|
Cost of hedging deferred to reserves during the year
|
3
|
|
(36
|
)
|
—
|
|
Transfer of cost of hedging to the income statement
|
—
|
|
(3
|
)
|
—
|
|
At 31 December
|
(10
|
)
|
(13
|
)
|
—
|
|
Other reserves(b)
|
|
|
|
|||
At 1 January
|
11,650
|
|
11,714
|
|
11,861
|
|
Own shares purchased from Rio Tinto Limited shareholders to satisfy share options
|
(63
|
)
|
(114
|
)
|
(64
|
)
|
Employee share options: value of services
|
52
|
|
52
|
|
31
|
|
Deferred tax on share options
|
4
|
|
(2
|
)
|
10
|
|
Companies no longer consolidated
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
(124
|
)
|
At 31 December
|
11,643
|
|
11,650
|
|
11,714
|
|
Foreign currency translation reserve(c)
|
|
|
|
|||
At 1 January
|
(3,212
|
)
|
480
|
|
(2,585
|
)
|
Parent and subsidiaries currency translation and exchange adjustments
|
331
|
|
(3,658
|
)
|
2,942
|
|
Equity accounted units currency translation adjustments
|
10
|
|
(48
|
)
|
34
|
|
Currency translation reclassified on disposal
|
215
|
|
14
|
|
78
|
|
Transfers and other movements
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
11
|
|
At 31 December
|
(2,656
|
)
|
(3,212
|
)
|
480
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
Total other reserves per balance sheet
|
9,177
|
|
8,661
|
|
12,284
|
|
191
|
Annual report 2019 | riotinto.com
|
|
|
2019
US$m |
|
2018
US$m |
|
2017
US$m |
|
Retained earnings(d)
|
|
|
|
|||
At 1 January
|
27,025
|
|
23,761
|
|
21,631
|
|
Adjustment for transition to new accounting pronouncements at 1 January (note 45)
|
(113
|
)
|
(179
|
)
|
—
|
|
Parent and subsidiaries' profit for the year
|
7,709
|
|
13,125
|
|
8,423
|
|
Equity accounted units' profit after tax for the year
|
301
|
|
513
|
|
339
|
|
Actuarial (losses)/gains(e)
|
(259
|
)
|
894
|
|
1
|
|
Tax relating to components of other comprehensive income
|
81
|
|
(269
|
)
|
(150
|
)
|
Total comprehensive income for the year
|
7,832
|
|
14,263
|
|
8,613
|
|
Share buy-back programme
|
(1,135
|
)
|
(5,423
|
)
|
(2,312
|
)
|
Dividends paid
|
(10,334
|
)
|
(5,356
|
)
|
(4,250
|
)
|
Change in equity interest held by Rio Tinto
|
85
|
|
60
|
|
43
|
|
Companies no longer consolidated
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
130
|
|
Own shares purchased/treasury shares reissued for share options and other movements
|
(43
|
)
|
(140
|
)
|
(18
|
)
|
Employee share options and other IFRS 2 charges taken to the income statement
|
70
|
|
61
|
|
57
|
|
Transfer from FVOCI reserve
|
—
|
|
3
|
|
—
|
|
Transfers and other movements
|
—
|
|
(25
|
)
|
(133
|
)
|
At 31 December
|
23,387
|
|
27,025
|
|
23,761
|
|
(a)
|
The capital redemption reserve was set up to comply with section 733 of the UK Companies Act 2006 (previously section 170 of the UK Companies Act 1985) when shares of a company are redeemed or purchased wholly out of the company’s profits. Balances reflect the amount by which the company’s issued share capital is diminished in accordance with this section.
|
(b)
|
Other reserves includes US$11,936 million which represents the difference between the nominal value and issue price of the shares issued arising from Rio Tinto plc’s rights issue completed in July 2009. No share premium was recorded in the Rio Tinto plc financial statements through the operation of the merger relief provisions of the UK Companies Act 1985.
|
(c)
|
Exchange differences arising on the translation of the Group’s net investment in foreign controlled companies are taken to the foreign currency translation reserve, as described in note 1(d). The cumulative differences relating to an investment are transferred to the income statement when the investment is disposed of.
|
(d)
|
Retained earnings and movements in reserves of subsidiaries include those arising from the Group’s share of joint operations.
|
(e)
|
There were US$7 million actuarial losses relating to equity accounted units in 2019 (31 December 2018: nil; 31 December 2017: nil).
|
|
Annual report 2019 | riotinto.com
|
192
|
At 31 December 2019
|
Note
|
|
Total
US$m |
|
Amortised
cost US$m |
|
Fair value through other
comprehensive income US$m |
|
Fair value
through profit and loss US$m |
|
Financial assets
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
Cash and cash equivalents
|
21
|
|
8,027
|
|
2,707
|
|
—
|
|
5,320
|
|
Trade and other financial receivables(a)(b)
|
18
|
|
2,938
|
|
1,801
|
|
—
|
|
1,137
|
|
Equity shares and quoted funds
|
20
|
|
61
|
|
—
|
|
50
|
|
11
|
|
Other investments, including loans(c)
|
20
|
|
2,839
|
|
21
|
|
—
|
|
2,818
|
|
Derivatives related to net debt: designated as hedges(d)
|
20, 24
|
|
151
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
151
|
|
Derivatives and embedded derivatives not related to net debt: not designated as hedges(d)
|
20
|
|
149
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
149
|
|
Embedded derivatives not related to net debt: designated as hedges(d)
|
20
|
|
66
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
66
|
|
Loans to equity accounted units including quasi equity loans
|
|
152
|
|
152
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
|
Total financial assets
|
|
14,383
|
|
4,681
|
|
50
|
|
9,652
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
Financial liabilities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
Trade and other financial payables(e)
|
25
|
|
(5,398
|
)
|
(5,341
|
)
|
|
(57
|
)
|
|
Short-term borrowings and bank overdrafts
|
22
|
|
(1,022
|
)
|
(1,022
|
)
|
|
—
|
|
|
Medium-term and long-term borrowings
|
22
|
|
(13,093
|
)
|
(13,093
|
)
|
|
—
|
|
|
Derivatives related to net debt: designated as hedges(d)
|
22, 24
|
|
(298
|
)
|
—
|
|
|
(298
|
)
|
|
Derivatives and embedded derivatives not related to net debt: not designated as hedges(d)
|
22
|
|
(29
|
)
|
—
|
|
|
(29
|
)
|
|
Embedded derivatives not related to net debt: designated as hedges(d)
|
22
|
|
(24
|
)
|
—
|
|
|
(24
|
)
|
|
Other financial liabilities
|
22
|
|
(247
|
)
|
(247
|
)
|
|
—
|
|
|
Total financial liabilities
|
|
(20,111
|
)
|
(19,703
|
)
|
|
(408
|
)
|
At 31 December 2018
|
Note
|
|
Total
US$m |
|
Amortised
cost US$m |
|
Fair value
through other comprehensive income US$m |
|
Fair value
through profit and loss US$m |
|
Financial assets
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
Cash and cash equivalents
|
21
|
|
10,773
|
|
2,779
|
|
—
|
|
7,994
|
|
Trade and other financial receivables(a)(b)
|
18
|
|
3,007
|
|
2,015
|
|
—
|
|
992
|
|
Equity shares and quoted funds
|
20
|
|
130
|
|
—
|
|
53
|
|
77
|
|
Other investments, including loans(c)
|
20
|
|
2,782
|
|
6
|
|
—
|
|
2,776
|
|
Derivatives related to net debt: designated as hedges(d)
|
20, 24
|
|
70
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
70
|
|
Derivatives and embedded derivatives not related to net debt: not designated as hedges(d)
|
20
|
|
432
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
432
|
|
Embedded derivatives not related to net debt: designated as hedges(d)
|
20
|
|
54
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
54
|
|
Loans to equity accounted units including quasi equity loans
|
|
167
|
|
167
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
|
Total financial assets
|
|
17,415
|
|
4,967
|
|
53
|
|
12,395
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
Financial liabilities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
Trade and other financial payables(e)
|
25
|
|
(5,552
|
)
|
(5,513
|
)
|
|
(39
|
)
|
|
Short-term borrowings and bank overdrafts
|
22
|
|
(312
|
)
|
(312
|
)
|
|
—
|
|
|
Medium-term and long-term borrowings
|
22
|
|
(12,440
|
)
|
(12,440
|
)
|
|
—
|
|
|
Derivatives related to net debt: designated as hedges(d)
|
22, 24
|
|
(358
|
)
|
—
|
|
|
(358
|
)
|
|
Derivatives and embedded derivatives not related to net debt: not designated as hedges(d)
|
22
|
|
(98
|
)
|
—
|
|
|
(98
|
)
|
|
Embedded derivatives not related to net debt: designated as hedges(d)
|
22
|
|
(46
|
)
|
—
|
|
|
(46
|
)
|
|
Other financial liabilities
|
22
|
|
(666
|
)
|
(666
|
)
|
|
—
|
|
|
Total financial liabilities
|
|
(19,472
|
)
|
(18,931
|
)
|
|
(541
|
)
|
(a)
|
Trade and other financial receivables comprise trade receivables, other financial receivables, receivables relating to net investments in finance leases and amounts due from equity accounted units within note 18.
|
(b)
|
Provisionally priced receivables are fair valued.
|
(c)
|
Other investments, including loans, include US$2,584 million (2018: US$2,522 million) of highly liquid financial assets in managed investment funds classified as held for trading.
|
(d)
|
These financial assets and liabilities in aggregate agree to the total derivative financial instruments disclosed in notes 20 and 22.
|
(e)
|
Trade and other financial payables comprise trade payables, other financial payables, accruals and amounts due to equity accounted units within note 25. The trade and other payables held at fair value are valued using Level 2 inputs.
|
193
|
Annual report 2019 | riotinto.com
|
|
–
|
to have in place a robust capital structure to manage the organisation through the commodity cycle; and
|
–
|
to allow our financial exposures to float with the market.
|
Total capital
|
Note |
2019
US$m |
|
2018
US$m |
|
Equity attributable to owners of Rio Tinto (see Group balance sheet)
|
|
40,532
|
|
43,686
|
|
Equity attributable to non-controlling interests (see Group balance sheet)
|
|
4,710
|
|
6,137
|
|
Net debt/(cash)
|
24
|
3,651
|
|
(255
|
)
|
Total capital
|
|
48,893
|
|
49,568
|
|
|
Annual report 2019 | riotinto.com
|
194
|
At 31 December 2019
(Outflows)/Inflows |
Within 1
year or on demand US$m |
|
Between
1 and 2 years US$m |
|
Between
2 and 3 years US$m |
|
Between
3 and 4 years US$m |
|
Between
4 and 5 years US$m |
|
After
5 years US$m |
|
Total
US$m |
|
Non-derivative financial liabilities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Trade and other financial payables(a)
|
(4,841
|
)
|
(45
|
)
|
(12
|
)
|
(14
|
)
|
(15
|
)
|
(380
|
)
|
(5,307
|
)
|
Expected lease liability payments(b)
|
(349
|
)
|
(267
|
)
|
(157
|
)
|
(133
|
)
|
(93
|
)
|
(671
|
)
|
(1,670
|
)
|
Borrowings before swaps
|
(723
|
)
|
(171
|
)
|
(665
|
)
|
(741
|
)
|
(1,209
|
)
|
(9,320
|
)
|
(12,829
|
)
|
Expected future interest payments(a)
|
(607
|
)
|
(594
|
)
|
(590
|
)
|
(551
|
)
|
(514
|
)
|
(3,518
|
)
|
(6,374
|
)
|
Other financial liabilities
|
(247
|
)
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
(247
|
)
|
Derivative financial liabilities(c)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Derivatives related to net debt – net settled
|
(16
|
)
|
(16
|
)
|
(16
|
)
|
9
|
|
(3
|
)
|
3
|
|
(39
|
)
|
Derivatives related to net debt – gross settled(a):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
– gross inflows
|
495
|
|
40
|
|
40
|
|
40
|
|
507
|
|
788
|
|
1,910
|
|
– gross outflows
|
(588
|
)
|
(53
|
)
|
(53
|
)
|
(53
|
)
|
(599
|
)
|
(977
|
)
|
(2,323
|
)
|
Derivatives not related to net debt – net settled
|
(31
|
)
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
(2
|
)
|
(4
|
)
|
(23
|
)
|
(60
|
)
|
Derivatives not related to net debt – gross settled:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
– gross inflows
|
699
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
699
|
|
– gross outflows
|
(703
|
)
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
(703
|
)
|
Total
|
(6,911
|
)
|
(1,106
|
)
|
(1,453
|
)
|
(1,445
|
)
|
(1,930
|
)
|
(14,098
|
)
|
(26,943
|
)
|
At 31 December 2018
(Outflows)/Inflows |
Within 1
year or on demand US$m |
|
Between
1 and 2 years US$m |
|
Between
2 and 3 years US$m |
|
Between
3 and 4 years US$m |
|
Between
4 and 5 years US$m |
|
After
5 years US$m |
|
Total
US$m |
|
Non-derivative financial liabilities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Trade and other financial payables
|
(5,129
|
)
|
(423
|
)
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
(5,552
|
)
|
Borrowings before swaps
|
(312
|
)
|
(562
|
)
|
(166
|
)
|
(660
|
)
|
(741
|
)
|
(10,476
|
)
|
(12,917
|
)
|
Expected future interest payments(a)
|
(651
|
)
|
(653
|
)
|
(636
|
)
|
(630
|
)
|
(586
|
)
|
(4,082
|
)
|
(7,238
|
)
|
Other financial liabilities
|
(666
|
)
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
(666
|
)
|
Derivative financial liabilities(c)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Derivatives related to net debt – net settled
|
(36
|
)
|
(36
|
)
|
(36
|
)
|
(36
|
)
|
4
|
|
(8
|
)
|
(148
|
)
|
Derivatives related to net debt – gross settled(a):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
– gross inflows
|
48
|
|
508
|
|
39
|
|
39
|
|
39
|
|
1,278
|
|
1,951
|
|
– gross outflows
|
(79
|
)
|
(595
|
)
|
(58
|
)
|
(58
|
)
|
(58
|
)
|
(1,581
|
)
|
(2,429
|
)
|
Derivatives not related to net debt – net settled
|
(27
|
)
|
(13
|
)
|
(5
|
)
|
(5
|
)
|
(5
|
)
|
(28
|
)
|
(83
|
)
|
Derivatives not related to net debt – gross settled:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
– gross inflows
|
1,664
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
1,664
|
|
– gross outflows
|
(1,733
|
)
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
(1,733
|
)
|
Total
|
(6,921
|
)
|
(1,774
|
)
|
(862
|
)
|
(1,350
|
)
|
(1,347
|
)
|
(14,897
|
)
|
(27,151
|
)
|
(a)
|
The interest payable at year end was removed from trade and other financial payables and is shown within expected future interest payments. Interest payments have been projected using interest rates applicable at the end of the applicable financial year. Where debt is subject to variable interest rates, future interest payments are subject to change in line with market rates.
|
(b)
|
In 2019 we have included expected future lease payments following adoption of IFRS 16 "Leases". Refer to note 45 for further information.
|
(c)
|
The maturity grouping is based on the earliest payment date.
|
195
|
Annual report 2019 | riotinto.com
|
|
At 31 December 2019
|
Total
|
|
Within 1 year
|
|
Between 1 and 5 years
|
|
Between 5 and 10 years
|
|
After 10 years
|
|
Notional amount (in tonnes)
|
704,370
|
|
65,226
|
|
286,617
|
|
352,527
|
|
—
|
|
Notional amount (in US$ millions)
|
1,656
|
|
138
|
|
647
|
|
871
|
|
—
|
|
Average hedged rate (in US$ per tonne)
|
2,351
|
|
2,114
|
|
2,257
|
|
2,471
|
|
—
|
|
At 31 December 2018
|
Total
|
|
Within 1 year
|
|
Between 1
and 5 years |
|
Between 5
and 10 years |
|
After 10 years
|
|
Notional amount (in tonnes)
|
767,111
|
|
56,481
|
|
286,666
|
|
358,416
|
|
65,548
|
|
Notional amount (in US$ millions)
|
1,786
|
|
114
|
|
634
|
|
870
|
|
168
|
|
Average hedged rate (in US$ per tonne)
|
2,328
|
|
2,013
|
|
2,210
|
|
2,426
|
|
2,562
|
|
|
Annual report 2019 | riotinto.com
|
196
|
|
Aluminium embedded derivatives separated from the power contract
(Hedging instrument)(a) |
Highly probable forecast aluminium sales (Hedged item)
|
||||||||||||||
|
Nominal
US$m |
|
Carrying amount
US$m |
|
Change in fair value in the period
US$m |
|
Cash flow hedge reserve(b)
US$m |
|
Change in fair value in
the period US$m |
|
Total hedging
gain/(loss) recognised in reserves US$m |
|
Hedge ineffective-ness in the period(c)
US$m |
|
Amount reclassified from reserves to income statement(d)
US$m |
|
2019
|
1,656
|
|
42
|
|
29
|
|
196
|
|
(50
|
)
|
36
|
|
(7
|
)
|
19
|
|
2018
|
1,786
|
|
8
|
|
205
|
|
179
|
|
(182
|
)
|
181
|
|
24
|
|
2
|
|
(a)
|
Aluminium embedded derivatives (forward contracts and options) are contained within certain aluminium smelter electricity purchase contracts. US$66 million (2018: US$54 million) of the carrying value is shown within Other financial assets and US$24 million (2018: US$46 million) shown within other financial liabilities.
|
(b)
|
The difference between this amount and the total cash flow hedge reserve of the Group (shown in note 29) relates to our cash flow hedge on the sterling bond (refer to interest rate risk section).
|
(c)
|
Hedge ineffectiveness is included in net operating costs (raw material, consumables, repairs and maintenance) in the income statement.
|
(d)
|
On realisation of the hedge, realised amounts are reclassified from reserves to consolidated sales revenue in the income statement.
|
197
|
Annual report 2019 | riotinto.com
|
|
|
Note |
|
2019
US$m |
|
2018
US$m |
|
Cash and cash equivalents
|
21
|
|
8,027
|
|
10,773
|
|
Trade and other financial receivables
|
18
|
|
2,938
|
|
3,007
|
|
Investments
|
20
|
|
2,839
|
|
2,782
|
|
Derivative assets
|
20
|
|
366
|
|
556
|
|
Loans to equity accounted units
|
|
|
39
|
|
38
|
|
Total
|
|
|
14,209
|
|
17,156
|
|
Net (debt)/cash by currency
|
Total
borrowings excluding overdrafts US$m |
|
Lease liabilities
US$m |
|
Derivatives
related to net debt US$m |
|
Cash and
cash equivalents US$m |
|
Other
investments US$m |
|
Net (debt)/cash
2019 US$m |
|
Net (debt)/ cash
2018 US$m |
|
US dollar
|
(12,233
|
)
|
(503
|
)
|
(147
|
)
|
7,456
|
|
2,584
|
|
(2,843
|
)
|
464
|
|
Australian dollar
|
(382
|
)
|
(349
|
)
|
—
|
|
170
|
|
—
|
|
(561
|
)
|
(255
|
)
|
Euro
|
(4
|
)
|
(23
|
)
|
—
|
|
37
|
|
—
|
|
10
|
|
(22
|
)
|
South African rand
|
—
|
|
(2
|
)
|
—
|
|
173
|
|
—
|
|
171
|
|
95
|
|
Canadian dollar
|
(185
|
)
|
(154
|
)
|
—
|
|
17
|
|
—
|
|
(322
|
)
|
(134
|
)
|
Other
|
(2
|
)
|
(278
|
)
|
—
|
|
174
|
|
—
|
|
(106
|
)
|
107
|
|
Total
|
(12,806
|
)
|
(1,309
|
)
|
(147
|
)
|
8,027
|
|
2,584
|
|
(3,651
|
)
|
255
|
|
|
Annual report 2019 | riotinto.com
|
198
|
Currency exposure
|
Closing
exchange rate US cents |
|
Effect on
net earnings US$m |
|
Of which
amount impacting underlying earnings U$m |
|
Impact
directly on equity US$m |
|
Australian dollar
|
70
|
|
453
|
|
(4
|
)
|
(1,002
|
)
|
Canadian dollar
|
77
|
|
(143
|
)
|
7
|
|
—
|
|
Euro
|
112
|
|
178
|
|
4
|
|
—
|
|
Currency exposure
|
Closing
exchange rate US cents |
|
Effect on
net earnings US$m |
|
Of which
amount impacting underlying earnings US$m |
|
Impact
directly on equity US$m |
|
Australian dollar
|
70
|
|
346
|
|
1
|
|
(993
|
)
|
Canadian dollar
|
73
|
|
(82
|
)
|
7
|
|
—
|
|
Euro
|
114
|
|
202
|
|
5
|
|
—
|
|
199
|
Annual report 2019 | riotinto.com
|
|
Borrowings in a hedge relationship
|
Nominal value
US$m |
Weighted average
interest rate after swaps |
Swap maturity
|
Carrying Value
2019 US$m |
|
Carrying Value
2018 US$m |
|
Rio Tinto Finance plc Euro Bonds 2.0% due 2020
|
526
|
3 month LIBOR +1.35%
|
2020
|
455
|
|
468
|
|
Rio Tinto Finance plc Euro Bonds 2.875% due 2024
|
546
|
3 month LIBOR +1.64%
|
2024
|
508
|
|
514
|
|
Rio Tinto Finance (USA) Limited Bonds 3.75% 2025
|
1200
|
3 month LIBOR +1.39%
|
2025
|
1,229
|
|
1,170
|
|
Rio Tinto Finance (USA) Limited Bonds 7.125% 2028(a)
|
750
|
3 month LIBOR +3.27%
|
2028
|
958
|
|
927
|
|
Alcan Inc. Debentures 7.25% due 2028(b)
|
100
|
3 month LIBOR +5.43%
|
2024
|
104
|
|
104
|
|
Rio Tinto Finance plc Sterling Bonds 4.0% due 2029(b)
|
807
|
3 month LIBOR +2.65%
|
2024
|
647
|
|
633
|
|
Rio Tinto Finance (USA) Limited Bonds 5.2% 2040
|
1150
|
3 month LIBOR +3.79%
|
2022
|
1,137
|
|
1,095
|
|
Rio Tinto Finance (USA) plc Bonds 4.75% 2042
|
500
|
3 month LIBOR +3.42%
|
2023
|
483
|
|
462
|
|
Rio Tinto Finance (USA) plc Bonds 4.125% 2042
|
750
|
3 month LIBOR +2.83%
|
2023
|
716
|
|
685
|
|
(a)
|
In 2018 US$675 million US dollar notional of this bond was swapped to floating rates. The weighted average interest rate after swaps relating to the swapped portion of this bond was 3 month LIBOR +3.02%
|
(b)
|
In 2019 we entered into new swaps to convert these bonds from having fixed interest rate terms in 2018 (as stated in note 22) to floating rates in the current period.
|
|
Annual report 2019 | riotinto.com
|
200
|
|
Total fair value
|
|||||||
|
2019
|
2018
|
||||||
|
Asset
US$m |
|
Liability
US$m |
|
Asset
US$m |
|
Liability
US$m |
|
Derivatives designated as hedges
|
|
|
|
|
||||
Interest rate swaps(a)
|
151
|
|
(38
|
)
|
70
|
|
(137
|
)
|
Cross-currency interest rate swaps(b)
|
—
|
|
(260
|
)
|
—
|
|
(221
|
)
|
Aluminium embedded derivatives(c)
|
66
|
|
(24
|
)
|
54
|
|
(46
|
)
|
Total derivatives designated as hedges
|
217
|
|
(322
|
)
|
124
|
|
(404
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||
Derivatives not designated as hedges
|
|
|
|
|
||||
Currency forward contracts and swaps
|
13
|
|
(5
|
)
|
—
|
|
(68
|
)
|
Aluminium embedded derivatives(c)
|
96
|
|
—
|
|
346
|
|
—
|
|
Other embedded derivatives
|
14
|
|
—
|
|
6
|
|
—
|
|
Other commodity contracts(d)
|
26
|
|
(24
|
)
|
80
|
|
(30
|
)
|
Total derivatives not designated as hedges
|
149
|
|
(29
|
)
|
432
|
|
(98
|
)
|
Total derivative instruments
|
366
|
|
(351
|
)
|
556
|
|
(502
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||
Analysed by maturity:
|
|
|
|
|
||||
Less than 1 year
|
58
|
|
(103
|
)
|
88
|
|
(95
|
)
|
Between 1 and 5 years
|
96
|
|
(86
|
)
|
153
|
|
(205
|
)
|
More than 5 years
|
212
|
|
(162
|
)
|
315
|
|
(202
|
)
|
Total
|
366
|
|
(351
|
)
|
556
|
|
(502
|
)
|
Total net derivative instruments
|
15
|
|
|
54
|
|
|
Reconciliation to balance sheet
|
Note |
2019
US$m |
|
2018
US$m |
|
Non-current assets
|
20
|
308
|
|
468
|
|
Current assets
|
20
|
58
|
|
88
|
|
Current liabilities
|
22
|
(103
|
)
|
(95
|
)
|
Non-current liabilities
|
22
|
(248
|
)
|
(407
|
)
|
Total net derivative instruments
|
|
15
|
|
54
|
|
(a)
|
The interest rate swaps are used to convert certain fixed rate borrowings to a floating rate.
|
(b)
|
The cross-currency interest rate swaps are used to convert non-US dollar denominated borrowings to either fixed or floating US dollar borrowings.
|
(c)
|
Aluminium embedded derivatives (forward contracts and options) are contained within certain aluminium smelter electricity purchase contracts. These contracts reduce our margin exposure to movements in the aluminium price.
|
(d)
|
Other commodity derivatives mainly relate to forward contracts which we have entered into to swap some of our fixed priced product sales to prevailing market prices at the point of revenue recognition. None of these derivatives is in a hedge relationship.
|
|
|
31 December 2019(a)
|
31 December 2018
|
||||||
|
Note
|
Carrying
value US$m |
|
Fair
value US$m |
|
Carrying
value US$m |
|
Fair
value US$m |
|
Short-term borrowings
|
22
|
(720
|
)
|
(720
|
)
|
(312
|
)
|
(312
|
)
|
Medium-term and long-term borrowings
|
22
|
(12,086
|
)
|
(13,958
|
)
|
(12,440
|
)
|
(13,554
|
)
|
(a)
|
The carrying value and fair value at 31 December 2019 excludes lease liabilities. This reflects the amendments made to IFRS 7 upon implementation of IFRS 16.
|
201
|
Annual report 2019 | riotinto.com
|
|
|
|
|
Held at fair value
|
|
||||||||
At 31 December 2019
|
Note |
|
Total
US$m |
|
Level 1(a)
US$m |
|
Level 2(b)
US$m |
|
Level 3(c)
US$m |
|
Held at
amortised cost US$m |
|
Assets
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||
Cash and cash equivalents(d)
|
|
8,027
|
|
5,320
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
2,707
|
|
|
Investments in equity shares and funds
|
|
61
|
|
26
|
|
—
|
|
35
|
|
—
|
|
|
Other investments, including loans(e)
|
20
|
|
2,839
|
|
2,607
|
|
—
|
|
211
|
|
21
|
|
Trade and other financial receivables(f)
|
18
|
|
2,938
|
|
15
|
|
1,122
|
|
—
|
|
1,801
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||
Derivatives (net)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||
Forward contracts and option contracts: designated as hedges(g) (Section B)
|
|
42
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
42
|
|
—
|
|
|
Forward contracts and option contracts, not designated as hedges(g) (Section B)
|
|
120
|
|
—
|
|
25
|
|
95
|
|
—
|
|
|
Derivatives related to net debt(h) (Section B)
|
|
(147
|
)
|
—
|
|
(147
|
)
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||
Liabilities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||
Trade and other financial payables
|
25
|
|
(5,398
|
)
|
—
|
|
(57
|
)
|
—
|
|
(5,341
|
)
|
Total
|
|
8,482
|
|
7,968
|
|
943
|
|
383
|
|
(812
|
)
|
|
|
|
Held at fair value
|
|
||||||||
At 31 December 2018
|
Note |
|
Total
US$m |
|
Level 1(a)
US$m |
|
Level 2(b)
US$m |
|
Level 3(c)
US$m |
|
Held at
amortised costs US$m |
|
Assets
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||
Cash and cash equivalents(d)
|
|
10,773
|
|
7,994
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
2,779
|
|
|
Investments in equity shares and funds
|
|
130
|
|
92
|
|
—
|
|
38
|
|
—
|
|
|
Other investments, including loans(e)
|
20
|
|
2,782
|
|
2,544
|
|
—
|
|
232
|
|
6
|
|
Trade and other financial receivables(f)
|
18
|
|
3,007
|
|
20
|
|
972
|
|
—
|
|
2,015
|
|
|
|
16,692
|
|
10,650
|
|
972
|
|
270
|
|
4,800
|
|
|
Derivatives (net)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||
Forward contracts and option contracts: designated as hedges(g) (Section B)
|
|
8
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
8
|
|
—
|
|
|
Forward contracts and option contracts, not designated as hedges(g) (Section B)
|
|
334
|
|
—
|
|
(25
|
)
|
359
|
|
—
|
|
|
Derivatives related to net debt(h) (Section B)
|
|
(288
|
)
|
—
|
|
(288
|
)
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||
Liabilities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||
Trade and other financial payables
|
25
|
|
(5,552
|
)
|
—
|
|
(39
|
)
|
—
|
|
(5,513
|
)
|
Total
|
|
11,194
|
|
10,650
|
|
620
|
|
637
|
|
(713
|
)
|
(a)
|
Valuation is based on unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical financial instruments. This category includes listed equity shares and other quoted funds.
|
(b)
|
Valuation is based either on inputs which include quoted prices for similar instruments or identical instruments in markets which are not considered to be active, or on inputs, which are directly or indirectly based on observable market data.
|
(c)
|
Valuation is based on inputs that are not based on observable market data (unobservable inputs).
|
(d)
|
Cash and cash equivalents include money market funds which are treated as fair value through profit or loss (FVPL) with the fair value movements going into finance income.
|
(e)
|
Other investments, including loans, comprise: cash deposits in rehabilitation funds, government bonds, managed investment funds and royalty receivables. The royalty receivables are valued based on future expected output as well as future expected commodity prices.
|
(f)
|
Trade receivables include provisionally priced receivables relating to sales contracts where the selling price is determined after delivery to the customer, based on the market price at the relevant quotation point stipulated in the contract. Revenue is recognised on provisionally priced sales based on the forward selling price for the period stipulated in the contract. Provisionally priced receivables at 31 December 2019 were US$1,040 million and were held at fair value (31 December 2018: US$889 million).
|
(g)
|
Level 3 derivatives consist of derivatives embedded in electricity purchase contracts linked to the LME with terms expiring between 2025 and 2030 (2018: 2025 and 2030). The embedded derivatives are measured using discounted cash flows and option model valuation techniques.
|
(h)
|
Interest rate and currency interest rate swaps are valued using applicable market-quoted swap yield curves adjusted for relevant basis and credit default spreads. Currency interest rate swap valuations also use market-quoted foreign exchange rates. A discounted cash flow approach is applied to the cash flows derived from the inputs to determine fair value.
|
|
Annual report 2019 | riotinto.com
|
202
|
|
2019
Level 3 financial assets and financial liabilities US$m |
|
2018
Level 3 financial assets and financial liabilities US$m |
|
Opening balance
|
637
|
|
(7
|
)
|
Adjustment from transition to IFRS 9
|
—
|
|
19
|
|
Currency translation adjustments
|
(1
|
)
|
(23
|
)
|
Total realised (losses)/gains included in:
|
|
|
|
|
– net operating costs
|
(7
|
)
|
9
|
|
Total unrealised (losses)/gains included in:
|
|
|
|
|
– net operating costs
|
(254
|
)
|
375
|
|
Total unrealised gains transferred into other comprehensive income through cash flow hedges
|
28
|
|
181
|
|
Additions
|
1
|
|
67
|
|
Disposals/maturity of financial instruments
|
(21
|
)
|
(6
|
)
|
Transfers
|
—
|
|
22
|
|
Closing balance
|
383
|
|
637
|
|
Total (losses)/gains for the year included in the income statement for assets and liabilities held at year end
|
(263
|
)
|
346
|
|
203
|
Annual report 2019 | riotinto.com
|
|
|
2018
US$m |
|
Within 1 year
|
475
|
|
Between 1 and 3 years
|
587
|
|
Between 3 and 5 years
|
270
|
|
After 5 years
|
385
|
|
Total(a)
|
1,717
|
|
|
2019
US$m |
|
2018
US$m |
|
Within 1 year
|
2,920
|
|
2,804
|
|
Between 1 and 2 years
|
1,705
|
|
1,565
|
|
Between 2 and 3 years
|
1,431
|
|
1,344
|
|
Between 3 and 4 years
|
1,084
|
|
1,097
|
|
Between 4 and 5 years
|
1,082
|
|
882
|
|
After 5 years
|
8,697
|
|
9,358
|
|
Total
|
16,919
|
|
17,050
|
|
|
2019
US$m |
|
2018
US$m |
|
Indemnities and other performance guarantees(a)(b)
|
204
|
|
317
|
|
(a)
|
Indemnities and other performance guarantees represent the potential outflow of funds from the Group for the satisfaction of obligations including those under contractual arrangements (for example undertakings related to supplier agreements) not provided for in the balance sheet, where the likelihood of the guarantees or indemnities being called is assessed as possible rather than probable or remote.
|
(b)
|
There were no material contingent liabilities arising in relation to the Group’s joint ventures and associates.
|
|
Annual report 2019 | riotinto.com
|
204
|
205
|
Annual report 2019 | riotinto.com
|
|
|
Subsidiaries and joint operations
|
Equity accounted units
(Rio Tinto share) |
Group total
|
|||||||||||||||
|
2019
|
|
2018
|
|
2017
|
|
2019
|
|
2018
|
|
2017
|
|
2019
|
|
2018
|
|
2017
|
|
Principal locations of employment:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Australia and New Zealand
|
19,195
|
|
19,017
|
|
19,041
|
|
619
|
|
578
|
|
602
|
|
19,814
|
|
19,595
|
|
19,643
|
|
Canada
|
11,576
|
|
10,620
|
|
10,256
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
11,576
|
|
10,620
|
|
10,256
|
|
UK
|
190
|
|
287
|
|
309
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
190
|
|
287
|
|
309
|
|
Europe
|
959
|
|
1,418
|
|
1,505
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
959
|
|
1,418
|
|
1,505
|
|
Africa
|
3,121
|
|
3,496
|
|
3,461
|
|
1,250
|
|
1,262
|
|
1,269
|
|
4,371
|
|
4,758
|
|
4,730
|
|
US
|
3,400
|
|
3,792
|
|
3,429
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
3,400
|
|
3,792
|
|
3,429
|
|
Mongolia
|
3,215
|
|
2,886
|
|
2,861
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
3,215
|
|
2,886
|
|
2,861
|
|
Indonesia
|
—
|
|
1,615
|
|
1,642
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
1,615
|
|
1,642
|
|
South America
|
243
|
|
210
|
|
197
|
|
1,270
|
|
1,289
|
|
1,237
|
|
1,513
|
|
1,499
|
|
1,434
|
|
India
|
272
|
|
288
|
|
310
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
272
|
|
288
|
|
310
|
|
Singapore
|
430
|
|
422
|
|
434
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
430
|
|
422
|
|
434
|
|
Other countries(a)
|
267
|
|
278
|
|
254
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
267
|
|
278
|
|
254
|
|
Total
|
42,868
|
|
44,329
|
|
43,699
|
|
3,139
|
|
3,129
|
|
3,108
|
|
46,007
|
|
47,458
|
|
46,807
|
|
(a)
|
“Other countries” primarily includes employees in the Middle East (excluding Oman which is included in Africa), and other countries in Asia which are not shown separately in the table above.
|
|
Annual report 2019 | riotinto.com
|
206
|
Company and country of incorporation/operation
|
Principal activities
|
Class of shares
held |
Proportion of class held (%)
|
|
|
Group
interest (%) |
|
|
Non-controlling
interest (%) |
Australia
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Argyle Diamonds Limited
|
Mining and processing of diamonds
|
Ordinary
|
100
|
|
|
100
|
|
|
—
|
Dampier Salt Limited
|
Salt and gypsum production
|
Ordinary
|
68.36
|
|
|
68.36
|
|
|
31.64
|
Energy Resources of Australia Ltd
|
Uranium processing
|
Ordinary
|
68.39
|
|
|
68.39
|
|
|
31.61
|
Hamersley Iron Pty Limited
|
Iron ore mining
|
Ordinary
|
100
|
|
|
100
|
|
|
—
|
North Mining Limited(a)
|
Iron ore mining
|
Ordinary
|
100
|
|
|
100
|
|
|
—
|
Rio Tinto Aluminium (Holdings) Limited
|
Bauxite mining; alumina production; primary aluminium smelting
|
Ordinary
|
100
|
|
|
100
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Robe River Mining Co Pty Ltd(a)
|
Iron ore mining
|
Class A
|
40
|
|
|
60
|
|
|
40
|
Class B
|
76.36
|
|
|
||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Brazil
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Alcan Alumina Ltda.(b)
|
Alumina production and bauxite mining
|
Quota
|
100
|
|
|
100
|
|
|
—
|
Canada
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Iron Ore Company of Canada(c)
|
Iron ore mining; iron ore pellets production
|
Common
|
58.72
|
|
|
58.72
|
|
|
41.28
|
Rio Tinto Fer et Titane Inc.
|
Titanium dioxide feedstock; high purity iron and steel production
|
Common
|
100
|
|
|
100
|
|
|
—
|
Class B preference
|
100
|
|
|
100
|
|
|
—
|
||
CAD 0.01 preferred
|
100
|
|
|
100
|
|
|
—
|
||
Rio Tinto Alcan Inc.
|
Bauxite mining; alumina refining; aluminium smelting
|
Common
|
100
|
|
|
100
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Diavik Diamond Mines (2012) Inc.(d)
|
Diamond mining and processing
|
Common
|
100
|
|
|
100
|
|
|
—
|
Guinea
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Simfer Jersey Limited(e)
|
Iron ore project
|
Ordinary
|
53
|
|
|
53
|
|
|
47
|
Madagascar
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
QIT Madagascar Minerals SA(f)
|
Ilmenite mining
|
Common
|
80
|
|
|
80
|
|
|
15
|
Investment certificates
|
100
|
|
|
100
|
|
|
|||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Voting certificates
|
80
|
|
|
80
|
|
|
20
|
||
Mongolia
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Turquoise Hill Resources Ltd
(including Oyu Tolgoi LLC)(g) |
Copper and gold mining
|
Common
|
50.79
|
|
|
50.79
|
|
|
49.21
|
South Africa
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Richards Bay Titanium (Proprietary) Limited(h)
|
Titanium dioxide; high purity iron production
|
B Ordinary
|
100
|
|
|
74
|
|
|
26
|
B preference
|
100
|
|
|
|
|
||||
Parent Preference
|
100
|
|
|
|
|
||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Richards Bay Mining (Proprietary) Limited(h)
|
Ilmenite, rutile and zircon mining
|
B Ordinary
|
100
|
|
|
74
|
|
|
26
|
B preference
|
100
|
|
|
|
|
||||
Parent Preference
|
100
|
|
|
|
|
||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
US
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Kennecott Holdings Corporation (including Kennecott Utah Copper and Kennecott Exploration)
|
Copper and gold mining, smelting and refining and exploration activities
|
Common US$0.01
|
100
|
|
|
100
|
|
|
—
|
U.S. Borax Inc.
|
Mining, refining and marketing of borates
|
Common US$0.01
|
100
|
|
|
100
|
|
|
—
|
207
|
Annual report 2019 | riotinto.com
|
|
(a)
|
Robe River Mining Co Pty Ltd (which is 60% owned by the Group) holds a 30% interest in Robe River Iron Associates (Robe River). North Mining Ltd (which is wholly owned by the Group) holds a 35% interest in Robe River. Through these companies the Group recognises a 65% share of the assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses of Robe River, with a 12% non-controlling interest. The Group therefore has a 53% beneficial interest in Robe River.
|
(b)
|
Alcan Alumina Ltda holds the Group’s 10% interest in Consórcio De Alumínio Do Maranhão, a joint operation in which the Group participates but is not a joint operator. The Group recognises its share of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses relating to this arrangement.
|
(c)
|
Iron Ore Company of Canada is incorporated in the US, but operates in Canada .
|
(d)
|
Diavik Diamond Mines (2012) Inc. (DDMI) is the legal entity that owns the Group’s 60% interest in the Diavik Joint Venture, an unincorporated arrangement. The Group recognises its share of assets, revenue and expenses relating to this arrangement. Liabilities are recognised according to DDMI’s contractual obligations, with a corresponding 40% receivable or contingent asset representing the co-owner’s share where applicable .
|
(e)
|
Simfer Jersey Limited, a company incorporated in Jersey in which the Group has a 53% interest, has an 85% interest in Simfer S.A., the company that operates the Simandou mining project in Guinea. The Group therefore has a 45.05% indirect interest in Simfer S.A. These entities are consolidated as subsidiaries and together referred to as the Simandou iron ore project.
|
(f)
|
The Group’s shareholding in QIT Madagascar Minerals SA carries an 80% economic interest and 80% of the total voting rights; a further 5% economic interest is held through non-voting investment certificates to give an economic interest of 85%. The non-controlling interests have a 15% economic interest and 20% of the total voting rights.
|
(g)
|
The Group has a 50.79% interest in Turquoise Hill Resources Ltd, which holds a 66% interest in Oyu Tolgoi LLC (OT) which is a subsidiary of Turquoise Hill Resources Ltd. The Group therefore has a 33.5% indirect interest in OT. Turquoise Hill Resources Ltd is incorporated in Canada but operates principally in Mongolia.
|
(h)
|
Additional classes of shares issued by Richards Bay Titanium (Proprietary) Limited and Richards Bay Mining (Proprietary) Limited representing non-controlling interests are not shown. The Group’s total legal and beneficial interest in Richards Bay Titanium (Proprietary) Limited and Richards Bay Mining (Proprietary) Limited is 74%.
|
|
Iron Ore
Company of Canada 2019 US$m |
|
Iron Ore
Company of Canada 2018 US$m |
|
Energy
Resources of Australia 2019 US$m |
|
Energy
Resources of Australia 2018 US$m |
|
Turquoise
Hill(a)(b)(c) 2019 US$m |
|
Turquoise
Hill(a)(b)(c) 2018 US$m |
|
Revenue
|
2,014
|
|
1,561
|
|
145
|
|
151
|
|
1,166
|
|
1,180
|
|
Profit/(loss) after tax
|
543
|
|
298
|
|
5
|
|
(241
|
)
|
(2,137
|
)
|
139
|
|
– attributable to non-controlling interests
|
224
|
|
122
|
|
2
|
|
1
|
|
(1,490
|
)
|
14
|
|
– attributable to Rio Tinto
|
319
|
|
176
|
|
3
|
|
(242
|
)
|
(647
|
)
|
125
|
|
Other comprehensive income/(loss)
|
57
|
|
(136
|
)
|
2
|
|
2
|
|
—
|
|
(4
|
)
|
Total comprehensive income/(loss)
|
600
|
|
162
|
|
7
|
|
(239
|
)
|
(2,137
|
)
|
135
|
|
Non-current assets
|
2,585
|
|
2,376
|
|
76
|
|
74
|
|
9,589
|
|
10,375
|
|
Current assets
|
610
|
|
459
|
|
258
|
|
311
|
|
2,449
|
|
3,813
|
|
Current liabilities
|
(532
|
)
|
(351
|
)
|
(127
|
)
|
(123
|
)
|
(493
|
)
|
(540
|
)
|
Non-current liabilities
|
(927
|
)
|
(791
|
)
|
(462
|
)
|
(522
|
)
|
(4,405
|
)
|
(4,367
|
)
|
Net assets/(liabilities)
|
1,736
|
|
1,693
|
|
(255
|
)
|
(260
|
)
|
7,140
|
|
9,281
|
|
– attributable to non-controlling interests
|
718
|
|
699
|
|
—
|
|
(6
|
)
|
2,369
|
|
3,936
|
|
– attributable to Rio Tinto
|
1,018
|
|
994
|
|
(255
|
)
|
(254
|
)
|
4,771
|
|
5,345
|
|
Cash flow from operations
|
1,039
|
|
553
|
|
(73
|
)
|
(64
|
)
|
298
|
|
357
|
|
Dividends paid to non-controlling interests
|
(228
|
)
|
(178
|
)
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
(a)
|
Turquoise Hill Resources Ltd holds a controlling interest in Oyu Tolgoi LLC (OT).
|
(b)
|
Under the terms of the project finance facility held by OT, there are certain restrictions on the ability of OT to make shareholder distributions.
|
(c)
|
Since 2011, Turquoise Hill has funded common share investments in OT on behalf of Erdenes Oyu Tolgoi LLC (“Erdenes”). In accordance with the Amended and Restated Shareholders Agreement dated 8 June 2011, such funded amounts earn interest at an effective annual rate of Libor plus 6.5% and are repayable to them via a pledge over Erdenes’ share of future OT common share dividends. Erdenes also has the right to reduce the outstanding balance by making payments directly to Turquoise Hill. Common share investments funded on behalf of Erdenes are recorded as a reduction to the net carrying value of non-controlling interests. As at 31 December 2019, the cumulative amount of such funding was US$1,241 million (31 December 2018: US$1,021 million), excluding accrued interest of US$655 million (31 December 2018: US$506 million) relating to this funding.
|
|
Annual report 2019 | riotinto.com
|
208
|
|
Robe River Mining Co Pty
2019 US$m |
|
Robe River Mining Co Pty
2018 US$m |
|
Other companies and eliminations(d)
2019 US$m |
|
Other companies and eliminations(d)
2018 US$m |
|
Robe River
2019 US$m |
|
Robe River
2018 US$m |
|
Revenue
|
1,493
|
|
1,082
|
|
1,743
|
|
1,262
|
|
3,236
|
|
2,344
|
|
Profit after tax
|
808
|
|
561
|
|
825
|
|
543
|
|
1,633
|
|
1,104
|
|
– attributable to non-controlling interests
|
312
|
|
218
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
312
|
|
218
|
|
– attributable to Rio Tinto
|
496
|
|
343
|
|
825
|
|
543
|
|
1,321
|
|
886
|
|
Other comprehensive loss
|
(13
|
)
|
(313
|
)
|
(12
|
)
|
(203
|
)
|
(25
|
)
|
(516
|
)
|
Total comprehensive income
|
795
|
|
248
|
|
813
|
|
340
|
|
1,608
|
|
588
|
|
Non-current assets
|
2,622
|
|
2,610
|
|
3,687
|
|
3,739
|
|
6,309
|
|
6,349
|
|
Current assets
|
1,161
|
|
710
|
|
1,873
|
|
2,368
|
|
3,034
|
|
3,078
|
|
Current liabilities
|
(173
|
)
|
(111
|
)
|
(303
|
)
|
(235
|
)
|
(476
|
)
|
(346
|
)
|
Non-current liabilities
|
(84
|
)
|
(117
|
)
|
(3,392
|
)
|
(3,977
|
)
|
(3,476
|
)
|
(4,094
|
)
|
Net assets
|
3,526
|
|
3,092
|
|
1,865
|
|
1,895
|
|
5,391
|
|
4,987
|
|
– attributable to non-controlling interests
|
1,404
|
|
1,237
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
1,404
|
|
1,237
|
|
– attributable to Rio Tinto
|
2,122
|
|
1,855
|
|
1,865
|
|
1,895
|
|
3,987
|
|
3,750
|
|
Cash flow from operations
|
1,255
|
|
933
|
|
1,447
|
|
1,151
|
|
2,702
|
|
2,084
|
|
Dividends paid to non-controlling interests
|
(139
|
)
|
(224
|
)
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
(139
|
)
|
(224
|
)
|
(d)
|
“Other companies and eliminations” includes North Mining Limited (a wholly owned subsidiary of the Group which accounts for its interest in Robe River) and goodwill of US$349 million (2018: US$351 million) that arose on the Group’s acquisition of its interest in Robe River.
|
Company and country of incorporation/operation
|
Principal activities
|
Group interest (%)
|
Australia
|
|
|
Tomago Aluminium Joint Venture
|
Aluminium smelting
|
51.6
|
Gladstone Power Station
|
Power generation
|
42.1
|
Hope Downs Joint Venture
|
Iron ore mining
|
50
|
Queensland Alumina Limited(a) (b)
|
Alumina production
|
80
|
Pilbara Iron arrangement
|
Infrastructure, corporate and mining services
|
(c)
|
New Zealand
|
|
|
New Zealand Aluminium Smelters Limited(a) (b)
|
Aluminium smelting
|
79.4
|
Canada
|
|
|
Aluminerie Alouette Inc.
|
Aluminium production
|
40
|
US
|
|
|
Pechiney Reynolds Quebec Inc(b) (d)
|
Aluminium smelting
|
50.2
|
(a)
|
Although the Group has a 79.4% interest in New Zealand Aluminium Smelters Limited and an 80% interest in Queensland Alumina Limited, decisions about activities that significantly affect the returns that are generated require agreement of both parties to the arrangements, giving rise to joint control.
|
(b)
|
Queensland Alumina Limited, New Zealand Aluminium Smelters Limited and Pechiney Reynolds Quebec Inc. are joint arrangements that are primarily designed for the provision of output to the parties sharing joint control; this indicates that the parties have rights to substantially all the economic benefits of the assets. The liabilities of the arrangements are in substance satisfied by cash flows received from the parties; this dependence indicates that the parties in effect have obligations for the liabilities. It is these facts and circumstances that give rise to the classification of these entities as joint operations.
|
(c)
|
A number of arrangements are in place between the Australian Iron Ore operations managed by Rio Tinto which allow their respective assets to be operated as a single integrated network across the Pilbara region. The arrangements are managed through two wholly owned subsidiaries: Pilbara Iron (Company) Services Pty Ltd and Pilbara Iron Pty Ltd. In assessing the Pilbara Iron arrangements, it has been concluded that they collectively constitute a joint operation on the basis that decisions about relevant activities require unanimous consent. The resulting efficiencies are shared between Rio Tinto and Robe River Iron Associates (Robe River), and the parties fund all of the cash flow requirements of Pilbara Iron (Company) Services Pty Ltd and Pilbara Iron Pty Ltd.
|
(d)
|
Pechiney Reynolds Quebec Inc. has a 50.1% interest in the Aluminerie de Bécancour, Inc. aluminium smelter, which is located in Canada.
|
209
|
Annual report 2019 | riotinto.com
|
|
Company and country of incorporation/operation
|
Principal activities
|
Number of
shares held |
|
Class of
shares held |
|
Proportion
of class held (%) |
Group
interest (%) |
Chile
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Minera Escondida Ltda(a)
|
Copper mining and refining
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
30
|
Oman
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Sohar Aluminium Co. L.L.C.(b)
|
Aluminium smelting; power generation
|
37,500
|
|
Ordinary
|
|
20
|
20
|
(a)
|
Although the Group has a 30% interest in Minera Escondida Ltda, participant and management agreements provide for an Owners’ Council whereby significant commercial and operational decisions about the relevant activities that significantly affect the returns that are generated in effect require the joint approval of both Rio Tinto and BHP Billiton (holders of a 57.5% interest). It is therefore determined that Rio Tinto has joint control.
|
(b)
|
Although the Group holds a 20% interest in Sohar Aluminium Co. L.L.C, decisions about relevant activities that significantly affect the returns that are generated require agreement of all parties to the arrangement. It is therefore determined that Rio Tinto has joint control.
|
|
Minera Escondida Ltda(a)
2019 US$m |
|
Minera Escondida Ltda(a)
2018 US$m |
|
Sohar Aluminum Co.L.L.C.(b)
2019 US$m |
|
Sohar Aluminum Co.L.L.C.(b)
2018 US$m |
|
Revenue
|
7,120
|
|
7,580
|
|
715
|
|
810
|
|
Depreciation and amortisation
|
(1,693
|
)
|
(1,727
|
)
|
(115
|
)
|
(120
|
)
|
Other operating costs
|
(3,670
|
)
|
(3,230
|
)
|
(505
|
)
|
(440
|
)
|
Operating profit
|
1,757
|
|
2,623
|
|
95
|
|
250
|
|
Finance expense
|
(157
|
)
|
(163
|
)
|
(35
|
)
|
(35
|
)
|
Income tax
|
(627
|
)
|
(873
|
)
|
(10
|
)
|
(40
|
)
|
Profit after tax
|
973
|
|
1,587
|
|
50
|
|
175
|
|
Other comprehensive loss
|
(17
|
)
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
Total comprehensive income
|
956
|
|
1,587
|
|
50
|
|
175
|
|
Non-current assets
|
12,450
|
|
13,027
|
|
3,045
|
|
3,085
|
|
Current assets
|
2,250
|
|
2,413
|
|
290
|
|
340
|
|
Current liabilities
|
(1,827
|
)
|
(1,637
|
)
|
(205
|
)
|
(230
|
)
|
Non-current liabilities
|
(4,670
|
)
|
(4,460
|
)
|
(845
|
)
|
(955
|
)
|
Net assets
|
8,203
|
|
9,343
|
|
2,285
|
|
2,240
|
|
Assets and liabilities above include:
|
|
|
|
|
||||
– cash and cash equivalents
|
603
|
|
697
|
|
20
|
|
15
|
|
– current financial liabilities
|
(807
|
)
|
(230
|
)
|
(110
|
)
|
(100
|
)
|
– non-current financial liabilities
|
(2,380
|
)
|
(2,763
|
)
|
(675
|
)
|
(795
|
)
|
Dividends received from joint venture (Rio Tinto share)
|
666
|
|
786
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
(a)
|
In addition to its “Investment in equity accounted units”, the Group recognises deferred tax liabilities of US$362 million (2018: US$413 million) relating to tax on unremitted earnings of equity accounted units.
|
(b)
|
Under covenants stipulated in the agreement to Sohar Aluminium Co. L.L.C.’s secured loan facilities, Sohar Aluminium Co. L.L.C. is currently restricted from making any shareholder distributions until 2021 unless a specified amount of the loan facilities is funded.
|
|
Annual report 2019 | riotinto.com
|
210
|
Company and country of incorporation/operation
|
Principal activities
|
Number of
shares held |
|
Class of
shares held |
Proportion
of class held (%) |
|
|
Group
interest (%) |
Australia
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Boyne Smelters Limited(a)
|
Aluminium smelting
|
153,679,560
|
|
Ordinary
|
59.4
|
|
|
59.4
|
Brazil
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Mineração Rio do Norte S.A.(b)
|
Bauxite mining
|
25,000,000,000
|
|
Ordinary
|
12.5
|
|
|
12
|
47,000,000,000
|
|
Preferred
|
11.75
|
|
|
|||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
US
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Halco (Mining) Inc.(c)
|
|
4,500
|
|
Common
|
45
|
|
|
45
|
(a)
|
The parties that collectively control Boyne Smelters Limited do so through decisions that are determined on an aggregate voting interest that can be achieved by several combinations of the parties. Although each combination requires Rio Tinto’s approval, this is not joint control as defined under IFRS 11. Rio Tinto is therefore determined to have significant influence over this company.
|
(b)
|
Although the Group holds only 12% of Mineração Rio do Norte S.A., it has representation on its board of directors and a consequent ability to participate in the financial and operating policy decisions. It is therefore determined that Rio Tinto has significant influence.
|
(c)
|
Halco (Mining) Inc. has a 51% indirect interest in Compagnie des Bauxites de Guinée, a bauxite mine, the core assets of which are located in Guinea.
|
|
Boyne Smelters Limited(a)
2019 US$m |
|
Boyne Smelters Limited(a)
2018 US$m |
|
Revenue
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
Loss after tax
|
(7
|
)
|
(12
|
)
|
Other comprehensive loss(b)
|
(3
|
)
|
(68
|
)
|
Total comprehensive loss
|
(10
|
)
|
(80
|
)
|
Non-current assets
|
1,229
|
|
1,268
|
|
Current assets
|
96
|
|
93
|
|
Current liabilities
|
(114
|
)
|
(113
|
)
|
Non-current liabilities
|
(814
|
)
|
(842
|
)
|
Net assets
|
397
|
|
406
|
|
Group interest
|
59.4%
|
|
59.4%
|
|
Net assets
|
397
|
|
406
|
|
Group's ownership interest
|
236
|
|
241
|
|
Loans to equity accounted units
|
113
|
|
129
|
|
Carrying value of Group's interest
|
349
|
|
370
|
|
(a)
|
Boyne Smelters Limited is a tolling operation; as such it is dependent on its participants for funding which is provided through cash calls. Rio Tinto has made certain prepayments to Boyne for toll processing of alumina. These are charged to Group operating costs as processing takes place.
|
(b)
|
Other comprehensive loss” is net of amounts recognised by subsidiaries in relation to quasi equity loans.
|
211
|
Annual report 2019 | riotinto.com
|
|
|
Joint
Ventures 2019 US$m |
|
Joint
Ventures 2018 US$m |
|
Associates
2019 US$m |
|
Associates
2018 US$m |
|
Carrying value of Group's interest
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
704
|
|
679
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||
Profit after tax
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
3
|
|
9
|
|
Other comprehensive income
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
10
|
|
(23
|
)
|
Total comprehensive income
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
13
|
|
(14
|
)
|
|
Annual report 2019 | riotinto.com
|
212
|
|
2019
US$'000 |
|
2018
US$'000 |
|
2017
US$'000 |
|
Emoluments
|
7,524
|
|
9,069
|
|
8,339
|
|
Long-term incentive plans
|
4,748
|
|
2,923
|
|
4,685
|
|
|
12,272
|
|
11,992
|
|
13,024
|
|
Pension contributions: defined contribution plans
|
42
|
|
80
|
|
135
|
|
Gains made on exercise of share options
|
—
|
|
107
|
|
—
|
|
|
2019
US$'000 |
|
2018
US$'000 |
|
2017
US$'000 |
|
Short-term employee benefits and costs
|
22,075
|
|
23,978
|
|
23,095
|
|
Post-employment benefits
|
477
|
|
629
|
|
415
|
|
Employment termination benefits
|
310
|
|
69
|
|
—
|
|
Share-based payments
|
17,632
|
|
14,916
|
|
8,033
|
|
Total
|
40,494
|
|
39,592
|
|
31,543
|
|
213
|
Annual report 2019 | riotinto.com
|
|
|
2019
US$m |
|
2018
US$m |
|
2017
US$m |
|
Audit of the Group
|
9.6
|
|
9.2
|
|
6.2
|
|
Audit of subsidiaries
|
6.8
|
|
7.5
|
|
8.1
|
|
Total audit
|
16.4
|
|
16.7
|
|
14.3
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
Audit-related assurance service
|
0.8
|
|
0.9
|
|
1.0
|
|
Other assurance services(b)
|
1.9
|
|
3.3
|
|
2.3
|
|
Total assurance services
|
2.7
|
|
4.2
|
|
3.3
|
|
Tax compliance(c)
|
0.1
|
|
—
|
|
0.3
|
|
Tax advisory services(c)
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
0.2
|
|
Other non-audit services not covered above
|
—
|
|
0.2
|
|
0.7
|
|
Total non-audit services
|
2.8
|
|
4.4
|
|
4.5
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
Total Group auditors’ remuneration
|
19.2
|
|
21.1
|
|
18.8
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
Audit fees payable to other accounting firms
|
|
|
|
|||
Audit of the financial statements of the Group’s subsidiaries
|
1.4
|
|
1.4
|
|
2.0
|
|
Fees in respect of pension scheme audits
|
0.1
|
|
0.1
|
|
0.5
|
|
Total audit fees payable to other accounting firms
|
1.5
|
|
1.5
|
|
2.5
|
|
(a)
|
The remuneration payable to PwC, the Group Auditors, is approved by the Audit Committee. The Committee sets the policy for the award of non-audit work to the auditors and approves the nature and extent of such work, and the amount of the related fees, to ensure that independence is maintained. The fees disclosed above consolidate all payments made to member firms of PwC by the companies and their subsidiaries, along with fees in respect of joint operations paid for by the Group. Non-audit services arise largely from assurance and/or regulation related work.
|
(b)
|
Other assurance services relates to the review of non-statutory financial information including sustainability reporting.
|
(c)
|
Tax compliance involves the review of returns for corporation, income and excise taxes.
|
|
Note
|
2019
US$m |
|
2018
US$m |
|
2017
US$m |
|
Income statement items
|
|
|
|
|
|||
Purchases from equity accounted units
|
|
(1,155
|
)
|
(1,209
|
)
|
(993
|
)
|
Sales to equity accounted units
|
|
268
|
|
493
|
|
210
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
Cash flow statement items
|
|
|
|
|
|||
Dividends from equity accounted units
|
|
669
|
|
800
|
|
817
|
|
Net funding of equity accounted units
|
|
(33
|
)
|
(9
|
)
|
(3
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
Balance sheet items
|
|
|
|
|
|||
Investments in equity accounted units (a)
|
15
|
3,971
|
|
4,299
|
|
4,486
|
|
Loans to equity accounted units
|
20
|
39
|
|
38
|
|
39
|
|
Loans from equity accounted units
|
22
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
(31
|
)
|
Trade and other receivables: amounts due from equity accounted units(b)
|
18
|
259
|
|
278
|
|
299
|
|
Trade and other payables: amounts due to equity accounted units
|
25
|
(271
|
)
|
(223
|
)
|
(175
|
)
|
(a)
|
Investments in equity accounted units include quasi equity loans. Further information about investments in equity accounted units is set out in notes 35 and 36.
|
(b)
|
This includes prepayments of tolling charges.
|
|
Annual report 2019 | riotinto.com
|
214
|
|
Full-year average
|
Year-end
|
||||||||||
|
2019
|
|
2018
|
|
2017
|
|
2019
|
|
2018
|
|
2017
|
|
Sterling
|
1.28
|
|
1.34
|
|
1.29
|
|
1.31
|
|
1.27
|
|
1.34
|
|
Australian dollar
|
0.70
|
|
0.75
|
|
0.77
|
|
0.70
|
|
0.70
|
|
0.78
|
|
Canadian dollar
|
0.75
|
|
0.77
|
|
0.77
|
|
0.77
|
|
0.73
|
|
0.79
|
|
Euro
|
1.12
|
|
1.18
|
|
1.13
|
|
1.12
|
|
1.14
|
|
1.20
|
|
South African rand
|
0.069
|
|
0.076
|
|
0.075
|
|
0.071
|
|
0.069
|
|
0.081
|
|
|
Charge recognised for the year
|
Liability at the end of the year
|
||||||||
|
2019
US$m |
|
2018
US$m |
|
2017
US$m |
|
2019
US$m |
|
2018
US$m |
|
Equity-settled plans
|
118
|
|
118
|
|
88
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
Cash-settled plans
|
5
|
|
4
|
|
3
|
|
19
|
|
16
|
|
Total
|
123
|
|
122
|
|
91
|
|
19
|
|
16
|
|
215
|
Annual report 2019 | riotinto.com
|
|
|
Rio Tinto plc awards
|
Rio Tinto Limited awards
|
||||||||||||||
|
2019
number |
|
Weighted
average fair value at grant date 2019 £ |
|
2018
number |
|
Weighted
average fair value at grant date 2018 £ |
|
2019
number |
|
Weighted
average fair value at grant date 2019 A$ |
|
2018
number |
|
Weighted
average fair value at grant date 2018 A$ |
|
Vested awards settled in shares during the year (including dividend shares applied on vesting)
|
339,821
|
|
45.52
|
|
248,965
|
|
42.57
|
|
151,607
|
|
100.30
|
|
105,374
|
|
82.97
|
|
Vested awards settled in cash during the year (including dividend shares applied on vesting)
|
1,279
|
|
43.65
|
|
991
|
|
42.40
|
|
1,347
|
|
92.97
|
|
9,959
|
|
82.08
|
|
|
Annual report 2019 | riotinto.com
|
216
|
|
Rio Tinto plc awards(a)
|
Rio Tinto Limited awards
|
||||||||||||||
|
2019
number |
|
Weighted
average fair value at grant date 2019 £ |
|
2018
number |
|
Weighted
average fair value at grant date 2018 £ |
|
2019
number |
|
Weighted
average fair value at grant date 2019 A$ |
|
2018
number |
|
Weighted
average fair value at grant date 2018 A$ |
|
Non-vested awards at 1 January
|
3,042,020
|
|
31.43
|
|
3,473,092
|
|
27.23
|
|
2,613,930
|
|
61.71
|
|
2,933,237
|
|
54.15
|
|
Awarded
|
1,043,817
|
|
40.41
|
|
1,135,103
|
|
39.49
|
|
846,008
|
|
86.56
|
|
943,315
|
|
78.36
|
|
Forfeited
|
(224,402
|
)
|
39.46
|
|
(250,853
|
)
|
30.26
|
|
(174,025
|
)
|
72.18
|
|
(185,062
|
)
|
64.60
|
|
Cancelled
|
(24,043
|
)
|
32.87
|
|
(33,563
|
)
|
26.52
|
|
(35,481
|
)
|
60.91
|
|
(36,613
|
)
|
52.84
|
|
Vested
|
(1,224,379
|
)
|
25.40
|
|
(1,281,759
|
)
|
27.54
|
|
(976,763
|
)
|
49.39
|
|
(1,040,947
|
)
|
55.30
|
|
Non-vested shares at 31 December
|
2,613,013
|
|
37.14
|
|
3,042,020
|
|
31.43
|
|
2,273,669
|
|
75.46
|
|
2,613,930
|
|
61.71
|
|
Comprising:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||
– Management Share Awards
|
1,398,039
|
|
38.68
|
|
1,666,082
|
|
32.52
|
|
1,363,601
|
|
78.67
|
|
1,520,292
|
|
64.06
|
|
– Bonus Deferral Awards
|
192,878
|
|
41.95
|
|
203,900
|
|
37.86
|
|
87,930
|
|
87.81
|
|
127,423
|
|
71.93
|
|
– Global Employee Share Plan
|
982,932
|
|
33.98
|
|
1,102,322
|
|
28.68
|
|
822,138
|
|
68.82
|
|
966,215
|
|
56.66
|
|
– UK Share Plan
|
39,164
|
|
37.86
|
|
69,716
|
|
29.90
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
|
2019
number |
|
Weighted
average fair value at grant date 2019 £ |
|
2018
number |
|
Weighted
average fair value at grant date 2018 £ |
|
2019
number |
|
Weighted
average fair value at grant date 2019 A$ |
|
2018
number |
|
Weighted
average fair value at grant date 2018 A$ |
|
Vested awards settled in shares during the year (including dividend shares applied on vesting):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||
– Management Share Awards
|
681,242
|
|
43.68
|
|
669,678
|
|
40.03
|
|
582,948
|
|
93.05
|
|
570,173
|
|
80.87
|
|
– Bonus Deferral Awards
|
163,076
|
|
42.53
|
|
221,198
|
|
37.69
|
|
85,142
|
|
97.30
|
|
108,001
|
|
75.36
|
|
– Global Employee Share Plan
|
543,426
|
|
43.04
|
|
451,710
|
|
39.06
|
|
421,614
|
|
91.50
|
|
473,420
|
|
78.78
|
|
– UK Share Plan
|
34,196
|
|
42.21
|
|
16,968
|
|
38.21
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
(a)
|
Awards of Rio Tinto American Depository Receipts (ADRs) under the Global Employee Share Plan are included within the totals for Rio Tinto plc awards for the purpose of these tables.
|
217
|
Annual report 2019 | riotinto.com
|
|
|
Annual report 2019 | riotinto.com
|
218
|
|
2019
|
2018
|
||||||
Equities
|
20.4
|
%
|
|
20.7
|
%
|
|
||
– Quoted
|
|
17.0
|
%
|
|
16.7
|
%
|
||
– Private
|
|
3.4
|
%
|
|
4.0
|
%
|
||
Bonds
|
63.4
|
%
|
|
63.6
|
%
|
|
||
– Government fixed income
|
|
18.4
|
%
|
|
18.0
|
%
|
||
– Government inflation-linked
|
|
16.2
|
%
|
|
15.5
|
%
|
||
– Corporate and other publicly quoted
|
|
24.1
|
%
|
|
27.1
|
%
|
||
– Private
|
|
4.7
|
%
|
|
3.0
|
%
|
||
Property
|
8.8
|
%
|
|
11.0
|
%
|
|
||
– Quoted property funds
|
|
3.4
|
%
|
|
5.1
|
%
|
||
– Unquoted property funds
|
|
5.4
|
%
|
|
5.9
|
%
|
||
Qualifying insurance policies
|
3.1
|
%
|
|
0.1
|
%
|
|
||
Cash & other
|
4.3
|
%
|
|
4.6
|
%
|
|
||
Total
|
100.0
|
%
|
|
100.0
|
%
|
|
|
Pension
benefits |
|
Other
benefits |
|
2019
Total |
|
2018
Total |
|
2017
Total |
|
Proportion relating to current employees
|
20
|
%
|
19
|
%
|
20
|
%
|
19
|
%
|
20
|
%
|
Proportion relating to former employees not yet retired
|
12
|
%
|
0
|
%
|
12
|
%
|
11
|
%
|
11
|
%
|
Proportion relating to retirees
|
68
|
%
|
81
|
%
|
68
|
%
|
70
|
%
|
69
|
%
|
Total
|
100
|
%
|
100
|
%
|
100
|
%
|
100
|
%
|
100
|
%
|
Average duration of obligations (years)
|
14.5
|
|
13.4
|
|
14.4
|
|
13.4
|
|
13.9
|
|
|
Pension
benefits |
|
Other
benefits |
|
2019
Total |
|
2018
Total |
|
2017
Total |
|
Canada
|
54
|
%
|
44
|
%
|
53
|
%
|
48
|
%
|
49
|
%
|
UK
|
30
|
%
|
2
|
%
|
28
|
%
|
28
|
%
|
27
|
%
|
US
|
7
|
%
|
51
|
%
|
10
|
%
|
14
|
%
|
14
|
%
|
Switzerland
|
5
|
%
|
0
|
%
|
5
|
%
|
5
|
%
|
5
|
%
|
Other
|
4
|
%
|
3
|
%
|
4
|
%
|
5
|
%
|
5
|
%
|
Total
|
100
|
%
|
100
|
%
|
100
|
%
|
100
|
%
|
100
|
%
|
219
|
Annual report 2019 | riotinto.com
|
|
|
Pension
benefits US$m |
|
Other
benefits US$m |
|
2019
Total US$m |
|
2018
Total US$m |
|
2017
Total US$m |
|
Current employer service cost for defined benefit plans
|
(119
|
)
|
(6
|
)
|
(125
|
)
|
(165
|
)
|
(155
|
)
|
Past service (cost)/income
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
(36
|
)
|
4
|
|
Curtailment gains
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
2
|
|
1
|
|
Settlement gains
|
51
|
|
—
|
|
51
|
|
5
|
|
1
|
|
Net interest on net defined benefit liability
|
(22
|
)
|
(36
|
)
|
(58
|
)
|
(79
|
)
|
(79
|
)
|
Non-investment expenses paid from the plans
|
(14
|
)
|
—
|
|
(14
|
)
|
(15
|
)
|
(17
|
)
|
Total defined benefit expense
|
(104
|
)
|
(42
|
)
|
(146
|
)
|
(288
|
)
|
(245
|
)
|
Current employer service cost for defined contribution and industry-wide plans
|
(235
|
)
|
(3
|
)
|
(238
|
)
|
(244
|
)
|
(255
|
)
|
Total expense recognised in the income statement
|
(339
|
)
|
(45
|
)
|
(384
|
)
|
(532
|
)
|
(500
|
)
|
|
2019
US$m |
|
2018
US$m |
|
2017
US$m |
|
Actuarial (losses)/gains
|
(1,295
|
)
|
1,382
|
|
(855
|
)
|
Return on assets (net of interest on assets)
|
1,033
|
|
(527
|
)
|
894
|
|
Gain/(loss) on application of asset ceiling
|
—
|
|
52
|
|
(33
|
)
|
Total (loss)/gain recognised in other comprehensive income
|
(262
|
)
|
907
|
|
6
|
|
|
Pension
benefits US$m |
|
Other
benefits US$m |
|
2019
Total US$m |
|
2018
Total US$m |
|
Total fair value of plan assets
|
13,923
|
|
—
|
|
13,923
|
|
13,203
|
|
Present value of obligations – funded
|
(14,311
|
)
|
—
|
|
(14,311
|
)
|
(13,482
|
)
|
Present value of obligations – unfunded
|
(443
|
)
|
(899
|
)
|
(1,342
|
)
|
(1,272
|
)
|
Present value of obligations – total
|
(14,754
|
)
|
(899
|
)
|
(15,653
|
)
|
(14,754
|
)
|
Effect of asset ceiling
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
Net deficit to be shown in the balance sheet
|
(831
|
)
|
(899
|
)
|
(1,730
|
)
|
(1,551
|
)
|
Comprising:
|
|
|
|
|
||||
– Deficits
|
(1,815
|
)
|
(899
|
)
|
(2,714
|
)
|
(2,486
|
)
|
– Surpluses
|
984
|
|
—
|
|
984
|
|
935
|
|
Net deficits on pension plans
|
(831
|
)
|
—
|
|
(831
|
)
|
(680
|
)
|
Unfunded post-retirement healthcare obligation
|
—
|
|
(899
|
)
|
(899
|
)
|
(871
|
)
|
|
Annual report 2019 | riotinto.com
|
220
|
|
Pension
benefits US$m |
|
Other
benefits US$m |
|
2019
Total US$m |
|
2018
Total US$m |
|
2017
Total US$m |
|
Contributions to defined benefit plans
|
223
|
|
34
|
|
257
|
|
248
|
|
404
|
|
Contributions to defined contribution plans
|
232
|
|
3
|
|
235
|
|
244
|
|
243
|
|
Contributions to industry-wide plans
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
12
|
|
Total
|
455
|
|
37
|
|
492
|
|
492
|
|
659
|
|
|
Pension
benefits US$m |
|
Other
benefits US$m |
|
2019
Total US$m |
|
2018
Total US$m |
|
Change in the net defined benefit liability
|
|
|
|
|
||||
Net defined benefit liability at the start of the year
|
(680
|
)
|
(871
|
)
|
(1,551
|
)
|
(2,499
|
)
|
Amounts recognised in Income statement
|
(104
|
)
|
(42
|
)
|
(146
|
)
|
(288
|
)
|
Amounts recognised in Other comprehensive income
|
(259
|
)
|
(3
|
)
|
(262
|
)
|
907
|
|
Employer contributions
|
223
|
|
34
|
|
257
|
|
248
|
|
Arrangements added/divested
|
(5
|
)
|
—
|
|
(5
|
)
|
(10
|
)
|
Assets transferred to defined contribution section
|
(3
|
)
|
—
|
|
(3
|
)
|
—
|
|
Currency exchange rate loss
|
(3
|
)
|
(17
|
)
|
(20
|
)
|
91
|
|
Net defined benefit liability at the end of the year
|
(831
|
)
|
(899
|
)
|
(1,730
|
)
|
(1,551
|
)
|
|
Pension
benefits US$m |
|
Other
benefits US$m |
|
2019
Total US$m |
|
2018
Total US$m |
|
Change in present value of obligation
|
|
|
|
|
||||
Present value of obligation at the start of the year
|
(13,883
|
)
|
(871
|
)
|
(14,754
|
)
|
(17,645
|
)
|
Current employer service costs
|
(119
|
)
|
(6
|
)
|
(125
|
)
|
(165
|
)
|
Past service cost
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
(36
|
)
|
Curtailments
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
2
|
|
Settlements
|
638
|
|
—
|
|
638
|
|
299
|
|
Interest on obligation
|
(440
|
)
|
(36
|
)
|
(476
|
)
|
(503
|
)
|
Contributions by plan participants
|
(23
|
)
|
—
|
|
(23
|
)
|
(24
|
)
|
Benefits paid
|
828
|
|
34
|
|
862
|
|
915
|
|
Experience gains
|
48
|
|
63
|
|
111
|
|
32
|
|
Changes in financial assumptions (loss)/gain
|
(1,355
|
)
|
(92
|
)
|
(1,447
|
)
|
1,349
|
|
Changes in demographic assumptions gain
|
15
|
|
26
|
|
41
|
|
1
|
|
Arrangements (added)/divested
|
(5
|
)
|
—
|
|
(5
|
)
|
94
|
|
Currency exchange rate (loss)/gain
|
(458
|
)
|
(17
|
)
|
(475
|
)
|
927
|
|
Present value of obligation at the end of the year
|
(14,754
|
)
|
(899
|
)
|
(15,653
|
)
|
(14,754
|
)
|
221
|
Annual report 2019 | riotinto.com
|
|
|
Pension
benefits US$m |
|
Other
benefits US$m |
|
2019
Total US$m |
|
2018
Total US$m |
|
Change in plan assets
|
|
|
|
|
||||
Fair value of plan assets at the start of the year
|
13,203
|
|
—
|
|
13,203
|
|
15,257
|
|
Settlements
|
(587
|
)
|
—
|
|
(587
|
)
|
(294
|
)
|
Interest on assets
|
418
|
|
—
|
|
418
|
|
434
|
|
Contributions by plan participants
|
23
|
|
—
|
|
23
|
|
24
|
|
Contributions by employer
|
223
|
|
34
|
|
257
|
|
248
|
|
Benefits paid
|
(828
|
)
|
(34
|
)
|
(862
|
)
|
(915
|
)
|
Non-investment expenses
|
(14
|
)
|
—
|
|
(14
|
)
|
(15
|
)
|
Return on plan assets (net of interest on assets)
|
1,033
|
|
—
|
|
1,033
|
|
(527
|
)
|
Arrangements divested
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
(161
|
)
|
Assets transferred to defined contribution section
|
(3
|
)
|
—
|
|
(3
|
)
|
—
|
|
Currency exchange rate gain/(loss)
|
455
|
|
—
|
|
455
|
|
(848
|
)
|
Fair value of plan assets at the end of the year
|
13,923
|
|
—
|
|
13,923
|
|
13,203
|
|
|
Pension
benefits US$m |
|
Other
benefits US$m |
|
2019
Total US$m |
|
2018
Total US$m |
|
Change in the effect of the asset ceiling
|
|
|
|
|
||||
Effect of the asset ceiling at the start of the year
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
(111
|
)
|
Interest on the effect of the asset ceiling
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
(10
|
)
|
Movement in the effect of the asset ceiling
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
52
|
|
Arrangements divested and other transfers
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
57
|
|
Currency exchange rate gain
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
12
|
|
Effect of the asset ceiling at the end of the year
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
|
Canada
|
|
UK
|
|
US
|
|
Switzerland
|
|
At 31 December 2019
|
|
|
|
|
||||
Discount rate
|
3.1
|
%
|
2.0
|
%
|
3.1
|
%
|
0.2
|
%
|
Inflation(a)
|
1.6
|
%
|
2.9
|
%
|
2.0
|
%
|
1.1
|
%
|
Rate of increase in pensions
|
0.1
|
%
|
2.5
|
%
|
0.0
|
%
|
0.2
|
%
|
Rate of increase in salaries
|
2.8
|
%
|
3.5
|
%
|
3.5
|
%
|
2.1
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||
At 31 December 2018
|
|
|
|
|
||||
Discount rate
|
3.9
|
%
|
2.8
|
%
|
4.2
|
%
|
0.7
|
%
|
Inflation(a)
|
1.6
|
%
|
3.3
|
%
|
2.0
|
%
|
1.2
|
%
|
Rate of increase in pensions
|
0.2
|
%
|
2.9
|
%
|
0.0
|
%
|
0.0
|
%
|
Rate of increase in salaries
|
2.9
|
%
|
3.7
|
%
|
3.5
|
%
|
2.2
|
%
|
(a)
|
The inflation assumption shown for the UK is for the Retail Price Index. The assumption for the Consumer Price Index at 31 December 2019 was 2.0% (2018: 2.2%).
|
|
Annual report 2019 | riotinto.com
|
222
|
|
|
2019
|
2018
|
||||||
|
|
Approximate
(increase)/decrease in obligations |
Approximate
(increase)/decrease in obligations |
||||||
Assumption
|
Change in assumption
|
Pensions
US$m |
|
Other
US$m |
|
Pensions
US$m |
|
Other
US$m |
|
Discount rate
|
Increase of 0.5 percentage points
|
894
|
|
56
|
|
782
|
|
51
|
|
Decrease of 0.5 percentage points
|
(1,057
|
)
|
(60
|
)
|
(832
|
)
|
(55
|
)
|
|
Inflation
|
Increase of 0.5 percentage points
|
(447
|
)
|
(17
|
)
|
(389
|
)
|
(17
|
)
|
Decrease of 0.5 percentage points
|
422
|
|
15
|
|
369
|
|
15
|
|
|
Salary increases
|
Increase of 0.5 percentage points
|
(55
|
)
|
(1
|
)
|
(46
|
)
|
(1
|
)
|
Decrease of 0.5 percentage points
|
54
|
|
1
|
|
45
|
|
1
|
|
|
Demographic – allowance for future improvements in longevity
|
Participants assumed to have the mortality rates of individuals who are one year older
|
443
|
|
18
|
|
381
|
|
18
|
|
Participants assumed to have the mortality rates of individuals who are one year younger
|
(465
|
)
|
(18
|
)
|
(381
|
)
|
(18
|
)
|
|
US$m
|
|
Equity attributable to owners of Rio Tinto at 31 December 2018
|
43,686
|
|
IFRS 16 net impact from recognising lease liabilities, right of use assets and other items after tax
|
(69)
|
|
IFRIC 23 recognition of provisions for uncertain tax positions on a weighted average basis
|
(44)
|
|
Restated equity attributable to owners of Rio Tinto as at 1 January 2019
|
43,573
|
|
223
|
Annual report 2019 | riotinto.com
|
|
–
|
not to bring leases with 12 months or fewer remaining to run as at 1 January 2019 (including reasonably certain options to extend) on balance sheet. Costs for these items continue to be expensed directly to the income statement.
|
–
|
for all leases, the lease liability was measured at 1 January 2019 as the present value of any future lease payments discounted using the appropriate incremental borrowing rate. The carrying value of the right of use asset for property, vessels and certain other leases was generally measured as if the lease had been in place since commencement date. For all other leases the right of use asset was measured as equal to the lease liability and adjusted for any accruals or prepayments already on the balance sheet. The Group also excluded any initial direct costs (eg legal fees) from the measurement of the right of use assets at transition.
|
–
|
an impairment review was required on right of use assets at initial application of the standard. The Group elected to rely on its onerous lease assessments under IAS 37 “Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets”, as at 31 December 2018 as permitted by IFRS 16. Any existing onerous lease provisions were adjusted against the right of use asset carrying value upon transition.
|
–
|
to apply the use of hindsight when reviewing the lease arrangements for determination of the measurement or term of the lease under the retrospective option.
|
–
|
to separate non-lease components from lease components for vessels and properties for the first time as part of the transition adjustment.
|
–
|
in some cases, to apply a single discount rate to a portfolio of leases with reasonably similar characteristics.
|
|
US$m
|
|
Operating lease commitments reported as at 31 December 2018 under IAS 17
|
1,717
|
|
Exclude/deduct
|
|
|
Leases expiring in 12 months or fewer
|
(130
|
)
|
Committed leases not commenced (undiscounted)
|
(133
|
)
|
Components excluded from the lease liability (undiscounted)
|
(169
|
)
|
Include/add
|
|
|
Cost of reasonably certain extensions (undiscounted)
|
324
|
|
Other
|
103
|
|
Sub total
|
1,712
|
|
Effect of discounting on payments included in the calculation of the lease liability (excluding finance lease balances)
|
(420
|
)
|
Lease liability opening balance reported as at 1 January 2019 under IFRS 16
|
1,292
|
|
|
Annual report 2019 | riotinto.com
|
224
|
–
|
LIBOR is an unsecured rate at which banks borrow from one another, adjusted for bank counterparty credit risk, whereas SOFR is a secured risk free rate based on the repo financing of US treasury securities and,
|
–
|
LIBOR has multiple maturities whereas SOFR is an overnight rate. Currently SOFR does not have a term reference rate.
|
–
|
US LIBOR remains a separately identifiable component for the duration of the hedge; and
|
–
|
the US LIBOR rates referenced by fixed-to-floating rate swaps in fair value hedge relationships do not change as the result of IBOR reform, preserving the economic relationship and allowing the related hedges to remain effective.
|
225
|
Annual report 2019 | riotinto.com
|
|
|
|
Gross revenue(a)
for the year ended
31 December
|
EBITDA(b)
for the year ended
31 December
|
Net earnings(c)
for the year
ended 31 December
|
|||||||||||||||
Rio Tinto
interest
%
|
2019
US$m |
|
2018
US$m |
|
2017
US$m |
|
2019
US$m |
|
2018
US$m |
|
2017
US$m |
|
2019
US$m |
|
2018
US$m |
|
2017
US$m |
|
|
Iron Ore
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Pilbara
|
(d)
|
23,681
|
|
18,359
|
|
18,143
|
|
15,936
|
|
11,267
|
|
11,383
|
|
9,619
|
|
6,460
|
|
6,576
|
|
Dampier Salt
|
68.4
|
271
|
|
246
|
|
215
|
|
75
|
|
56
|
|
27
|
|
27
|
|
18
|
|
3
|
|
Evaluation projects/other
|
|
123
|
|
126
|
|
108
|
|
87
|
|
55
|
|
137
|
|
(8
|
)
|
53
|
|
116
|
|
Total Iron Ore
|
|
24,075
|
|
18,731
|
|
18,466
|
|
16,098
|
|
11,378
|
|
11,547
|
|
9,638
|
|
6,531
|
|
6,695
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Aluminium
|
(e)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Bauxite
|
|
2,459
|
|
2,324
|
|
2,019
|
|
969
|
|
790
|
|
804
|
|
441
|
|
412
|
|
463
|
|
Alumina
|
|
2,657
|
|
3,340
|
|
2,661
|
|
628
|
|
1,137
|
|
454
|
|
301
|
|
634
|
|
180
|
|
Intrasegment
|
|
(825
|
)
|
(861
|
)
|
(790
|
)
|
(10
|
)
|
(7
|
)
|
(25
|
)
|
(7
|
)
|
(5
|
)
|
(17
|
)
|
Bauxite & Alumina
|
|
4,291
|
|
4,803
|
|
3,890
|
|
1,587
|
|
1,920
|
|
1,233
|
|
735
|
|
1,041
|
|
626
|
|
Primary Metal
|
|
4,940
|
|
6,468
|
|
5,808
|
|
755
|
|
1,418
|
|
1,762
|
|
40
|
|
595
|
|
778
|
|
Pacific Aluminium
|
|
2,204
|
|
2,541
|
|
2,305
|
|
(22
|
)
|
148
|
|
453
|
|
(137
|
)
|
—
|
|
176
|
|
Inter-segment and other
|
|
(2,256
|
)
|
(3,226
|
)
|
(2,321
|
)
|
36
|
|
(88
|
)
|
(19
|
)
|
26
|
|
(67
|
)
|
(12
|
)
|
Integrated operations
|
|
9,179
|
|
10,586
|
|
9,682
|
|
2,356
|
|
3,398
|
|
3,429
|
|
664
|
|
1,569
|
|
1,568
|
|
Other product group items
|
|
1,065
|
|
1,479
|
|
1,214
|
|
(202
|
)
|
(440
|
)
|
(132
|
)
|
(161
|
)
|
(344
|
)
|
(100
|
)
|
Product group operations
|
|
10,244
|
|
12,065
|
|
10,896
|
|
2,154
|
|
2,958
|
|
3,297
|
|
503
|
|
1,225
|
|
1,468
|
|
Evaluation projects/other
|
|
96
|
|
126
|
|
109
|
|
131
|
|
137
|
|
126
|
|
96
|
|
122
|
|
115
|
|
Total Aluminium
|
|
10,340
|
|
12,191
|
|
11,005
|
|
2,285
|
|
3,095
|
|
3,423
|
|
599
|
|
1,347
|
|
1,583
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Copper & Diamonds
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Rio Tinto Kennecott
|
100.0
|
1,879
|
|
1,862
|
|
1,352
|
|
843
|
|
785
|
|
539
|
|
397
|
|
293
|
|
78
|
|
Escondida
|
30.0
|
2,136
|
|
2,274
|
|
1,811
|
|
1,034
|
|
1,301
|
|
1,030
|
|
325
|
|
506
|
|
325
|
|
Grasberg joint venture
|
(g)
|
—
|
|
457
|
|
33
|
|
—
|
|
281
|
|
(3
|
)
|
—
|
|
217
|
|
(169
|
)
|
Oyu Tolgoi and Turquoise Hill
|
(h)
|
1,166
|
|
1,180
|
|
940
|
|
357
|
|
375
|
|
256
|
|
25
|
|
69
|
|
36
|
|
Diamonds
|
(i)
|
619
|
|
695
|
|
706
|
|
151
|
|
301
|
|
287
|
|
(21
|
)
|
118
|
|
92
|
|
Product group operations
|
|
5,800
|
|
6,468
|
|
4,842
|
|
2,385
|
|
3,043
|
|
2,109
|
|
726
|
|
1,203
|
|
362
|
|
Evaluation projects/other
|
|
15
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
(312
|
)
|
(267
|
)
|
(205
|
)
|
(172
|
)
|
(149
|
)
|
(99
|
)
|
Total Copper & Diamonds
|
|
5,815
|
|
6,468
|
|
4,842
|
|
2,073
|
|
2,776
|
|
1,904
|
|
554
|
|
1,054
|
|
263
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Energy & Minerals
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Rio Tinto Coal Australia
|
(j)
|
—
|
|
989
|
|
2,829
|
|
—
|
|
893
|
|
1,223
|
|
—
|
|
591
|
|
716
|
|
Iron Ore Company of Canada
|
58.7
|
2,189
|
|
1,583
|
|
1,867
|
|
1,024
|
|
586
|
|
770
|
|
332
|
|
166
|
|
235
|
|
Rio Tinto Iron & Titanium
|
(k)
|
1,938
|
|
1,782
|
|
1,763
|
|
611
|
|
510
|
|
546
|
|
254
|
|
174
|
|
201
|
|
Rio Tinto Borates
|
100.0
|
593
|
|
622
|
|
630
|
|
180
|
|
197
|
|
244
|
|
96
|
|
111
|
|
126
|
|
Uranium
|
(l)
|
375
|
|
415
|
|
417
|
|
55
|
|
18
|
|
15
|
|
25
|
|
(4
|
)
|
(26
|
)
|
Product group operations
|
|
5,095
|
|
5,391
|
|
7,506
|
|
1,870
|
|
2,204
|
|
2,798
|
|
707
|
|
1,038
|
|
1,252
|
|
Simandou iron ore project
|
(m)
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
(12
|
)
|
(15
|
)
|
(13
|
)
|
(5
|
)
|
(7
|
)
|
(6
|
)
|
Evaluation projects/other
|
|
55
|
|
60
|
|
43
|
|
(96
|
)
|
(49
|
)
|
(9
|
)
|
(91
|
)
|
(36
|
)
|
(7
|
)
|
Total Energy & Minerals
|
|
5,150
|
|
5,451
|
|
7,549
|
|
1,762
|
|
2,140
|
|
2,776
|
|
611
|
|
995
|
|
1,239
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Other operations
|
(n)
|
18
|
|
9
|
|
10
|
|
(77
|
)
|
(70
|
)
|
(116
|
)
|
(89
|
)
|
(102
|
)
|
(138
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Inter-segment transactions
|
|
(31
|
)
|
(15
|
)
|
(15
|
)
|
(9
|
)
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
(3
|
)
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Product group total
|
|
45,367
|
|
42,835
|
|
41,857
|
|
22,132
|
|
19,319
|
|
19,534
|
|
11,310
|
|
9,825
|
|
9,642
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Central pension costs, share-based payments and insurance
|
|
|
|
|
59
|
|
(128
|
)
|
(68
|
)
|
60
|
|
(90
|
)
|
(48
|
)
|
|||
Restructuring, project and one-off costs
|
|
|
|
|
(183
|
)
|
(272
|
)
|
(177
|
)
|
(94
|
)
|
(190
|
)
|
(124
|
)
|
|||
Central costs
|
|
|
|
|
(496
|
)
|
(552
|
)
|
(491
|
)
|
(550
|
)
|
(410
|
)
|
(311
|
)
|
|||
Exploration and evaluation
|
|
|
|
|
(315
|
)
|
(231
|
)
|
(218
|
)
|
(231
|
)
|
(193
|
)
|
(178
|
)
|
|||
Net interest
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(122
|
)
|
(134
|
)
|
(354
|
)
|
||||||
Underlying EBITDA/earnings
|
|
|
|
|
21,197
|
|
18,136
|
|
18,580
|
|
10,373
|
|
8,808
|
|
8,627
|
|
|||
Items excluded from underlying EBITDA/earnings
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
10
|
|
(722
|
)
|
5,127
|
|
1,912
|
|
(2,363
|
)
|
4,830
|
|
135
|
|
EBITDA/net earnings
|
|
|
|
|
20,475
|
|
23,263
|
|
20,492
|
|
8,010
|
|
13,638
|
|
8,762
|
|
|||
Reconciliation to Group income statement
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Share of equity accounted unit sales and
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
intra-subsidiary/equity accounted unit sales
|
|
(2,202
|
)
|
(2,313
|
)
|
(1,837
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||
Depreciation and amortisation in subsidiaries
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
excluding capitalised depreciation
|
|
|
|
|
(4,272
|
)
|
(3,909
|
)
|
(4,302
|
)
|
|
|
|
||||||
Impairment charges
|
|
|
|
|
(3,487
|
)
|
(132
|
)
|
(796
|
)
|
|
|
|
||||||
Depreciation and amortisation in equity accounted units
|
|
|
|
|
(653
|
)
|
(650
|
)
|
(648
|
)
|
|
|
|
||||||
Taxation and finance items in equity accounted units
|
|
|
|
|
(296
|
)
|
(372
|
)
|
(272
|
)
|
|
|
|
||||||
Consolidated sales revenue/profit on
ordinary activities before finance items and taxation |
|
43,165
|
|
40,522
|
|
40,030
|
|
11,767
|
|
18,200
|
|
14,474
|
|
|
|
|
|
Annual report 2019 | riotinto.com
|
252
|
|
|
Capital expenditure(o)
for the year
ended 31 December
|
Depreciation and
amortisation for the year
ended 31 December
|
Operating assets(p)
as at 31 December
|
Employees
for the year
ended 31 December
|
||||||||||||||||||||
|
Rio Tinto
interest % |
2019
US$m |
|
2018
US$m |
|
2017
US$m |
|
2019
US$m |
|
2018
US$m |
|
2017
US$m |
|
2019
US$m |
|
2018
US$m |
|
2017
US$m |
|
2019
|
|
2018
|
|
2017
|
|
Iron Ore
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||||||
Pilbara
|
(d)
|
1,720
|
|
1,288
|
|
1,201
|
|
1,704
|
|
1,682
|
|
1,645
|
|
13,865
|
|
14,486
|
|
16,535
|
|
10,634
|
|
10,422
|
|
10,159
|
|
Dampier Salt
|
68.4
|
21
|
|
14
|
|
13
|
|
19
|
|
20
|
|
22
|
|
152
|
|
165
|
|
150
|
|
347
|
|
239
|
|
232
|
|
Evaluation projects/other
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
2
|
|
2
|
|
2
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
Total Iron Ore
|
|
1,741
|
|
1,302
|
|
1,214
|
|
1,723
|
|
1,702
|
|
1,667
|
|
14,019
|
|
14,653
|
|
16,687
|
|
10,981
|
|
10,661
|
|
10,391
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||||||
Aluminium
|
(e)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||||||
Bauxite
|
|
387
|
|
953
|
|
825
|
|
286
|
|
165
|
|
123
|
|
2,597
|
|
2,494
|
|
1,897
|
|
2,940
|
|
2,676
|
|
2,534
|
|
Alumina
|
|
282
|
|
218
|
|
108
|
|
187
|
|
194
|
|
209
|
|
2,009
|
|
2,721
|
|
2,733
|
|
2,269
|
|
2,009
|
|
2,012
|
|
Intrasegment
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
(27
|
)
|
(20
|
)
|
(18
|
)
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
Bauxite & alumina
|
|
669
|
|
1,171
|
|
933
|
|
473
|
|
359
|
|
332
|
|
4,579
|
|
5,195
|
|
4,612
|
|
5,209
|
|
4,685
|
|
4,546
|
|
Primary Metal
|
|
658
|
|
595
|
|
389
|
|
682
|
|
615
|
|
665
|
|
9,674
|
|
9,306
|
|
9,946
|
|
6,357
|
|
6,497
|
|
6,404
|
|
Pacific Aluminium
|
|
129
|
|
115
|
|
109
|
|
154
|
|
149
|
|
196
|
|
970
|
|
1,156
|
|
1,016
|
|
2,356
|
|
2,278
|
|
2,173
|
|
Inter-segment and other
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
5
|
|
—
|
|
(1
|
)
|
6
|
|
807
|
|
789
|
|
772
|
|
127
|
|
180
|
|
222
|
|
Integrated operations
|
|
1,456
|
|
1,881
|
|
1,436
|
|
1,309
|
|
1,122
|
|
1,199
|
|
16,030
|
|
16,446
|
|
16,346
|
|
14,049
|
|
13,640
|
|
13,345
|
|
Other product group items
|
(f)
|
—
|
|
(508
|
)
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
Product group operations
|
|
1,456
|
|
1,373
|
|
1,436
|
|
1,309
|
|
1,122
|
|
1,199
|
|
16,030
|
|
16,446
|
|
16,346
|
|
14,049
|
|
13,640
|
|
13,345
|
|
Evaluation projects/other
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
3
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
Total Aluminium
|
|
1,456
|
|
1,373
|
|
1,436
|
|
1,312
|
|
1,122
|
|
1,199
|
|
16,030
|
|
16,446
|
|
16,346
|
|
14,049
|
|
13,640
|
|
13,345
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||||||
Copper & Diamonds
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||||||
Rio Tinto Kennecott
|
100.0
|
444
|
|
318
|
|
249
|
|
457
|
|
427
|
|
422
|
|
2,012
|
|
1,864
|
|
1,936
|
|
2,066
|
|
1,993
|
|
1,734
|
|
Escondida
|
30.0
|
315
|
|
302
|
|
248
|
|
508
|
|
518
|
|
507
|
|
2,871
|
|
3,057
|
|
3,369
|
|
1,068
|
|
1,087
|
|
1,079
|
|
Grasberg joint venture
|
(g)
|
—
|
|
171
|
|
138
|
|
—
|
|
30
|
|
42
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
1,137
|
|
—
|
|
1,615
|
|
1,642
|
|
Oyu Tolgoi and Turquoise Hill
|
(h)
|
1,289
|
|
1,284
|
|
901
|
|
208
|
|
219
|
|
344
|
|
6,780
|
|
6,072
|
|
4,725
|
|
3,152
|
|
2,863
|
|
2,835
|
|
Diamonds
|
(i)
|
38
|
|
64
|
|
85
|
|
144
|
|
118
|
|
132
|
|
195
|
|
267
|
|
441
|
|
940
|
|
967
|
|
922
|
|
Product group operations
|
|
2,086
|
|
2,139
|
|
1,621
|
|
1,317
|
|
1,312
|
|
1,447
|
|
11,858
|
|
11,260
|
|
11,608
|
|
7,226
|
|
8,525
|
|
8,212
|
|
Evaluation projects/other
|
|
1
|
|
11
|
|
1
|
|
3
|
|
5
|
|
5
|
|
152
|
|
129
|
|
135
|
|
150
|
|
146
|
|
142
|
|
Total Copper & Diamonds
|
|
2,087
|
|
2,150
|
|
1,622
|
|
1,320
|
|
1,317
|
|
1,452
|
|
12,010
|
|
11,389
|
|
11,743
|
|
7,376
|
|
8,671
|
|
8,354
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||||||
Energy & Minerals
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||||||
Rio Tinto Coal Australia
|
(j)
|
—
|
|
32
|
|
84
|
|
—
|
|
34
|
|
152
|
|
—
|
|
(837
|
)
|
1,040
|
|
—
|
|
1,005
|
|
1,924
|
|
Iron Ore Company of Canada
|
58.7
|
255
|
|
189
|
|
202
|
|
172
|
|
154
|
|
157
|
|
803
|
|
975
|
|
988
|
|
2,617
|
|
2,397
|
|
2,382
|
|
Rio Tinto Iron & Titanium
|
(k)
|
249
|
|
169
|
|
119
|
|
193
|
|
201
|
|
219
|
|
3,507
|
|
3,390
|
|
3,881
|
|
4,115
|
|
4,058
|
|
4,048
|
|
Rio Tinto Borates
|
100.0
|
43
|
|
44
|
|
28
|
|
60
|
|
62
|
|
65
|
|
525
|
|
518
|
|
523
|
|
924
|
|
980
|
|
936
|
|
Uranium
|
(l)
|
5
|
|
8
|
|
21
|
|
3
|
|
4
|
|
37
|
|
(363
|
)
|
(406
|
)
|
(327
|
)
|
857
|
|
1,324
|
|
1,307
|
|
Product group operations
|
|
552
|
|
442
|
|
454
|
|
428
|
|
455
|
|
630
|
|
4,472
|
|
3,640
|
|
6,105
|
|
8,513
|
|
9,764
|
|
10,597
|
|
Simandou iron ore project
|
(m)
|
(1
|
)
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
20
|
|
15
|
|
17
|
|
74
|
|
70
|
|
10
|
|
Evaluation projects/other
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
37
|
|
41
|
|
41
|
|
53
|
|
33
|
|
25
|
|
Total Energy & Minerals
|
|
551
|
|
442
|
|
454
|
|
428
|
|
455
|
|
630
|
|
4,529
|
|
3,696
|
|
6,163
|
|
8,640
|
|
9,867
|
|
10,632
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||||||
Other operations
|
(n)
|
(4
|
)
|
12
|
|
(35
|
)
|
177
|
|
26
|
|
32
|
|
(83
|
)
|
(442
|
)
|
(328
|
)
|
159
|
|
187
|
|
203
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||||||
Product group total
|
|
5,831
|
|
5,279
|
|
4,691
|
|
4,960
|
|
4,622
|
|
4,980
|
|
46,505
|
|
45,742
|
|
50,611
|
|
41,205
|
|
43,026
|
|
42,925
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||||||
Inter-segment transactions
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
127
|
|
129
|
|
206
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Net assets of disposal groups held for sale
|
(q)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
440
|
|
370
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Other items
|
|
64
|
|
65
|
|
70
|
|
77
|
|
43
|
|
42
|
|
(2,449
|
)
|
(2,880
|
)
|
(2,631
|
)
|
4,802
|
|
4,432
|
|
3,882
|
|
Less: equity accounted units
|
|
(456
|
)
|
(500
|
)
|
(417
|
)
|
(653
|
)
|
(650
|
)
|
(647
|
)
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
Total
|
|
5,439
|
|
4,844
|
|
4,344
|
|
4,384
|
|
4,015
|
|
4,375
|
|
44,183
|
|
43,431
|
|
48,556
|
|
46,007
|
|
47,458
|
|
46,807
|
|
Add back: Proceeds from disposal of property, plant and equipment
|
|
49
|
|
586
|
|
138
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Total capital expenditure per cash flow statement
|
|
5,488
|
|
5,430
|
|
4,482
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Less: Net (debt)/cash
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(3,651
|
)
|
255
|
|
(3,845
|
)
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Less: EAU funded balances excluded from net debt
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Equity attributable to owners of Rio Tinto
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
40,532
|
|
43,686
|
|
44,711
|
|
|
|
|
|
Annual report 2019 | riotinto.com
|
253
|
(a)
|
Gross sales revenue includes the sales revenue of equity accounted units on a proportionately consolidated basis (after adjusting for sales to subsidiaries) in addition to consolidated sales. Consolidated sales revenue includes subsidiary sales to equity accounted units which are not included in gross sales revenue.
|
(b)
|
EBITDA of subsidiaries and the Group’s share of EBITDA relating to equity accounted units represents profit before: tax, net finance items, depreciation and amortisation charged to the income statement in the period. Underlying EBITDA excludes the EBITDA impact of the same items that are excluded from underlying earnings.
|
(c)
|
Represents profit after tax for the period attributable to the owners of the Rio Tinto Group. Business unit earnings are stated before finance items but after the amortisation of discount related to provisions. Earnings attributed to business units do not include amounts that are excluded in arriving at underlying earnings.
|
(d)
|
Pilbara represents the Group’s 100% holding in Hamersley, 50% holding in Hope Downs Joint Venture and 65% holding in Robe River Iron Associates. The Group’s net beneficial interest in Robe River Iron Associates is 53%, as 30% is held through a 60% owned subsidiary and 35% is held through a 100% owned subsidiary.
|
(e)
|
Presented on an integrated operations basis, splitting activities between Bauxite & Alumina, Primary Metal, Pacific Aluminium and other integrated operations (which reflect the results of the integrated production of aluminium) and other product group items which relate to other commercial activities.
|
(f)
|
In 2018, Aluminium capital expenditure was reported net of US$508 million proceeds received from the sale of surplus land at Kitimat. These proceeds were not included in Aluminium’s free cash flow and the associated gain was excluded from business unit earnings and EBITDA.
|
(g)
|
Through a joint venture agreement with Freeport-McMoRan Inc. (Freeport), we were entitled to 40% of material mined above an agreed threshold as a consequence of expansions and developments of the Grasberg facilities since 1998 (until 21 December 2018). On 21 December 2018, we sold our entire interest in the Grasberg mine to PT Indonesia Asahan Aluminium (Persero) (Inalum).
|
(h)
|
Our interest in Oyu Tolgoi is held indirectly through our 50.8% investment in Turquoise Hill Resources Ltd (TRQ), where TRQ’s principal asset is its 66% investment in Oyu Tolgoi LLC, which owns the Oyu Tolgoi copper-gold mine.
|
(i)
|
Includes our interests in Argyle (100%) and Diavik (60%).
|
(j)
|
Includes our 82% interest in the Hail Creek coal mine (until 1 August 2018), our 80% interest in the Kestrel underground coal mine (until 1 August 2018) and interests in the Winchester South (until 1 June 2018) and Valeria development projects (until 1 August 2018).
|
(k)
|
Includes our interests in Rio Tinto Fer et Titane (100%), QIT Madagascar Minerals (QMM, 80%) and Richards Bay Minerals (attributable interest of 74%).
|
(l)
|
Includes our interests in Energy Resources of Australia (68.4%) and, until 16 July 2019, Rössing Uranium Limited (Rössing) (68.6%). On 16 July 2019, we sold our entire 68.6% interest in Rössing to China National Uranium Corporation Limited (CNUC).
|
(m)
|
Simfer Jersey Limited, in which the Group has a 53% interest, has an 85% interest in Simfer S.A., the company that manages the Simandou project in Guinea. The Group therefore has a 45.05% indirect interest in Simfer S.A.. These entities are consolidated as subsidiaries and together referred to as the Simandou iron ore project.
|
(n)
|
Other operations include our 100% interest in the Gove alumina refinery, Rio Tinto Marine and, with effect from the first half of 2019, the remaining operating assets of Rio Tinto Coal Australia. As at 31 December 2019, these include provisions for onerous contracts in relation to rail infrastructure capacity, partly offset by deferred tax assets and financial assets and receivables relating to contingent royalties and disposal proceeds. Refer to note (j).
|
(o)
|
Capital expenditure is the net cash outflow on purchases less sales of property, plant and equipment, capitalised evaluation costs and purchases less sales of other intangible assets. The details provided include 100% of subsidiaries’ capital expenditure and Rio Tinto’s share of the capital expenditure of joint operations and equity accounted units.
|
(p)
|
Operating assets of subsidiaries is comprised of net assets excluding post-retirement assets and liabilities, net of tax, and before deducting net debt. Operating assets are stated after the deduction of non- controlling interests – these are calculated by reference to the net assets of the relevant companies (ie inclusive of such companies’ debt and amounts due to or from Rio Tinto Group companies).
|
(q)
|
Assets and liabilities held for sale at 31 December 2018 included our interest in Rössing Uranium Limited, the ISAL smelter, the Aluchemie anode plant, and the Alufluor aluminium fluoride plant. At 31 December 2017 it included our interest in the Dunkerque aluminium smelter and certain other separate assets.
|
254
|
Annual report 2019 | riotinto.com
|
|
/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
|
/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers
|
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
|
PricewaterhouseCoopers
|
London, United Kingdom
|
Brisbane, Australia
|
Mine / Contract or ID number1
|
Mine or Operating Name
|
Section 104 Significant and Substantial Citations2
|
Section 104(b) Orders3
|
Section 104(d) Citations and Orders4
|
Section 110(b)(2) Violations5
|
Section 107(a) Orders6
|
Total dollar value of MSHA assessments proposed7
|
Total number of Minng Related Facilities
|
Received Notice of Pattern of Violations Under Section 104(e) yes/no
|
Notice of Potential to Have Pattern under section 104(e) yes/no
|
Legal Actions Pending as of Last Day of Period8
|
Categories of Pending Legal Actions (i-vii)9
|
Legal Actions Initiated During Period
|
Legal Actions Resolved During Period
|
||
4200149
|
Kennecott Utah Copper LLC (Bingham Canyon Mine)
|
9
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
$60,855
|
|
0
|
No
|
No
|
0
|
n/a
|
0
|
0
|
4201996
|
Kennecott Utah Copper LLC (Copperton Concentrator)
|
7
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
$67,258
|
|
0
|
No
|
No
|
0
|
n/a
|
1
|
1
|
400743
|
U.S. Borax Inc. (Boron)
|
6
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
$30,012
|
|
0
|
No
|
No
|
0
|
n/a
|
0
|
0
|
402834
|
U.S. Borax Inc. (Owens Lake)
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
$967
|
|
0
|
No
|
No
|
0
|
n/a
|
0
|
0
|
200152
|
Resolution Copper Mining LLC
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
$847
|
|
0
|
No
|
No
|
0
|
n/a
|
0
|
0
|
4201392
|
Kennecott Keystone Underground
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
$121
|
|
0
|
No
|
No
|
0
|
n/a
|
0
|
0
|
B5379
|
Rio Tinto Projects*
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
$0
|
|
0
|
No
|
No
|
0
|
n/a
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
MSHA assigns an identification number to each mine or operation and may or may not assign separate identification number to related facilities. The information provided in this table is presented by mine identification number.
|
2
|
Represents the total number of citations issued by MSHA for violation of health or safety standards that could significantly and substantially contribute to a serious injury if left unabated.
|
3
|
Represents the total number of orders issued, which represents a failure to abate a citation under section 104(a) within the period prescribed by MSHA. This results in an order of immediate withdrawal from the area of the mine affected by the condition until MSHA determines that the violation has been abated.
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4
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Represents the total number of citation and orders issued by MSHA for unwarrantable failure to comply with mandatory health or safety standards.
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5
|
Represents the total number of flagrant violations identified.
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6
|
Represents the total number of imminent danger orders issued under section 107(a) of the Mine Act.
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7
|
Amounts represent the total dollar value of proposed assessments received from MSHA.
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8
|
Pending legal actions before the Federal Mine Safety and Health Review Commission (the "Commission") as required to be reported by Section 1503(a)(3) of the Act.
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9
|
The following provides additional information regarding the types or categories of proceedings that may be brought before the commission:
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(i)
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Contest Proceedings - a contest proceeding may be filed with the Commission by an operator to challenge the issuance of a citation or order issued by MSHA;
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(ii)
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Civil Penalty Proceedings - a civil penalty proceeding may be filed with the Commission by an operator to challenge a civil penalty MSHA has proposed for a violation contained in a citation or order;
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(iii)
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Discrimination Proceedings - a discrimination proceeding involves a miner's allegation that he or she has suffered adverse employment action because he or she engaged in activity protected under the Mine Act, such as making a safety complaint;
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(iv)
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Temporary Reinstatement Proceedings - a temporary reinstatement proceeding involves cases in which a miner has filed a complaint with MSHA stating that he or she has suffered discrimination and the miner has lost his or her position;
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(v)
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Compensation Proceedings - a compensation proceeding may be filed with the Commission by miners entitled to compensation when a mine is closed by certain closure orders issued by MSHA. The purpose of the proceeding is to determine the amount of compensation if any, due to miners idled by the orders;
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(vi)
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Applications for Temporary Relief-applications for temporary relief of any order issued under Section 104; and
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(vii)
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Appeals.
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