As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 15, 2021
Registration No. 333-256584
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
Amendment No. 1 to
FORM S-1
REGISTRATION STATEMENT
UNDER
THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
Doximity, Inc.
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)
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Delaware
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7371
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27-2485512
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(State or Other Jurisdiction of
Incorporation or Organization)
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(Primary Standard Industrial
Classification Code Number)
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(I.R.S. Employer
Identification Number)
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500 3rd St.
Suite 510
San Francisco, CA 94107
(650) 549-4330
(Address, Including Zip Code, and Telephone Number, Including Area Code, of Registrant’s Principal Executive Offices)
Jeffrey Tangney
Chief Executive Officer
Doximity, Inc.
500 3rd St.
Suite 510
San Francisco, CA 94107
(650) 549-4330
(Name, address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of agent for service)
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Copies to:
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Heidi E. Mayon
Jon M. Novotny
Julia R. White
John G. Casnocha
Goodwin Procter LLP
601 Marshall Street
Redwood City, CA 94063
(650) 752-3100
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Jennifer Chaloemtiarana
General Counsel
Doximity, Inc.
500 3rd St.
Suite 510
San Francisco, CA 94107
(650) 549-4330
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Dave Peinsipp
Charles S. Kim
Kristin VanderPas
Denny Won
Cooley LLP
101 California Street, 5th Floor
San Francisco, CA 94111
(415) 693-2000
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Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale to the public:
As soon as practicable after this registration statement becomes effective.
If any of the securities being registered on this Form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act, check the following box: ☐
If this Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, please check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ☐
If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ☐
If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(d) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
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Large accelerated filer ☐
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Accelerated filer ☐
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Non-Accelerated filer ☒
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Smaller reporting company ☐
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Emerging growth company ☒
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If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided to Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act. ☐
CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE
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Title of Each Class of Securities
to be Registered
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Amount to be Registered(1)
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Proposed Maximum Aggregate Offering Price Per Share(2)
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Proposed Maximum
Aggregate
Offering Price(1)(2)
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Amount of
Registration Fee(3)
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Class A Common Stock, $0.001 par value per share
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26,795,000
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$23.00
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$616,285,000
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$67,237
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(1)Includes 3,495,000 shares of Class A common stock that the underwriters have the option to purchase from the registrant..
(2)Estimated solely for the purpose of calculating the registration fee pursuant to Rule 457(a) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
(3)The registrant previously paid $10,910 of the registration fee with the initial filing of this registration statement.
The registrant hereby amends this registration statement on such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date until the registrant shall file a further amendment which specifically states that this registration statement shall thereafter become effective in accordance with Section 8(a) of the Securities Act of 1933 or until the registration statement shall become effective on such date as the Commission, acting pursuant to said Section 8(a), may determine.
The information in this preliminary prospectus is not complete and may be changed. These securities may not be sold until the registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is effective. This preliminary prospectus is not an offer to sell nor does it seek an offer to buy these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted.
PRELIMINARY PROSPECTUS (Subject to Completion)
Issued June 15, 2021
23,300,000 Shares
CLASS A COMMON STOCK
Doximity, Inc. is offering 19,010,750 shares of its Class A common stock. The selling stockholder identified in this prospectus is offering 4,289,250 shares of Class A common stock. We will not receive any of the proceeds from the sale of shares by the selling stockholder. This is our initial public offering of shares of Class A common stock, and no public market currently exists for our shares. We anticipate that the initial public offering price will be between $20.00 and $23.00 per share.
We have applied to list our Class A common stock on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol “DOCS.”
We have two classes of common stock: Class A common stock and Class B common stock. The rights of the holders of Class A common stock and Class B common stock are identical, except with respect to voting, conversion and transfer rights. Each share of Class A common stock is entitled to one vote. Each share of Class B common stock is entitled to ten votes and is convertible at any time into one share of Class A common stock. The holders of our outstanding Class B common stock will hold approximately 98.5% of the voting power of our outstanding capital stock following this offering. See “Risk Factors — Risks Related to This Offering and Ownership of Our Class A Common Stock” for additional information.
We are an “emerging growth company” as defined under the federal securities laws. Investing in our Class A common stock involves risks. See “Risk Factors” beginning on page 18.
PRICE $ A SHARE
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Price to Public
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Underwriting Discounts and Commissions(1)
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Proceeds to Doximity
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Proceeds to Selling Stockholder
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Per Share
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$
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$
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$
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$
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Total
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$
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$
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$
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$
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__________________
(1)See “Underwriting” for a description of the compensation payable to the underwriters.
At our request, the underwriters have reserved up to 3,495,000 shares of Class A common stock, or up to 15% of the shares offered by this prospectus, for sale at the initial public offering price through a reserved share program to certain qualifying member physicians in the United States. See the section titled “Underwriting — Reserved Share Program.”
We have granted the underwriters the right to purchase up to an additional 3,495,000 shares of Class A common stock solely to cover over-allotments, if any.
The Securities and Exchange Commission and state regulators have not approved or disapproved of these securities, or determined if this prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
The underwriters expect to deliver the shares of Class A common stock to purchasers on , 2021.
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MORGAN STANLEY
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GOLDMAN SACHS & CO. LLC
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J.P. MORGAN
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PIPER SANDLER
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WILLIAM BLAIR
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CANACCORD GENUITY
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NEEDHAM & COMPANY
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RAYMOND JAMES
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SVB LEERINK
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, 2021
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PROSPECTUS
Through and including , 2021 (the 25th day after the date of this prospectus), all dealers effecting transactions in these securities, whether or not participating in this offering, may be required to deliver a prospectus. This is in addition to a dealer’s obligation to deliver a prospectus when acting as an underwriter and with respect to an unsold allotment or subscription.
You should rely only on the information contained in this prospectus or contained in any free writing prospectus filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or the SEC. Neither we, the selling stockholder, nor any of the underwriters have authorized anyone to provide any information or make any representations other than those contained in this prospectus or in any free writing prospectus we have prepared. We, the selling stockholder and the underwriters take no responsibility for, and can provide no assurance as to the reliability of, any other information that others may give you. We are offering to sell, and seeking offers to buy, shares of our Class A common stock only in jurisdictions where offers and sales are permitted. The information contained in this prospectus is accurate only as of the date of this prospectus, regardless of the time of delivery of this prospectus or of any sale of our Class A common stock. Our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects may have changed since such date.
For investors outside of the United States: Neither we, the selling stockholder, nor any of the underwriters have done anything that would permit this offering or possession or distribution of this prospectus in any jurisdiction where action for that purpose is required, other than in the United States. Persons outside of the United States who come into possession of this prospectus must inform themselves about, and observe any restrictions relating to, the offering of the shares of our Class A common stock and the distribution of this prospectus outside of the United States.
PROSPECTUS SUMMARY
This summary highlights selected information that is presented in greater detail elsewhere in this prospectus. This summary does not contain all of the information you should consider before investing in our Class A common stock and is qualified in its entirety by, and should be read in conjunction with, the more detailed information appearing elsewhere in this prospectus. You should read this entire prospectus carefully, including the sections titled “Risk Factors” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and our consolidated financial statements and the related notes included elsewhere in this prospectus, before making an investment decision. Unless the context otherwise requires, the terms “Doximity,” “the company,” “we,” “us,” and “our” in this prospectus refer to Doximity, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries.
DOXIMITY, INC.
Overview
We are the leading digital platform for U.S. medical professionals, as measured by the number of U.S. physician members, with over 1.8 million medical professional members as of March 31, 2021. Our members include more than 80% of physicians across all 50 states and every medical specialty.
Our mission is to help every physician be more productive and provide better care for their patients. We are physicians-first, putting technology to work for doctors instead of the other way around. That guiding principle has enabled Doximity to become an essential and trusted professional platform for physicians. Our cloud-based platform provides our members with tools specifically built for medical professionals, enabling them to collaborate with their colleagues, securely coordinate patient care, conduct virtual patient visits, stay up-to-date with the latest medical news and research, and manage their careers. Doximity membership is free for physicians. Our revenue-generating customers, primarily pharmaceutical manufacturers and healthcare systems, have access to a suite of commercial solutions that benefit from broad physician usage.
Physicians are the key decision makers in healthcare, directing more than 73% of the approximately $4.0 trillion in total U.S. healthcare spend.1 Despite their critical role, physicians face challenges caused by fragmented knowledge bases and antiquated technologies. These challenges inhibit physicians’ ability to effectively connect with specialists and colleagues, instantaneously access relevant and up-to-date medical information, and efficiently deliver patient care.
Cloud-based software has transformed the ability to network, communicate, and work across most industries, but has been slow to address the specific needs of medical professionals. The impact of antiquated technology is real: according to a survey conducted on behalf of The Physicians Foundation by Merritt Hawkins, 78% of physicians have experienced feelings of professional burnout, with electronic health record design and interoperability identified as one of the factors they find least satisfying about medical practice.2
Doximity’s cloud-based platform puts modern software tools in the hands of physicians and other medical professionals. Our members have come to rely on us to help them efficiently manage their work day. At the core of our platform is the largest medical professional network in the nation, which creates proximity within our community of doctors and hundreds of thousands of other medical professionals. Our verified member profiles digitize the traditional curriculum vitae, highlighting clinical expertise and reflecting the unique training, certifications, research, and employment affiliations that differentiate medical professionals. Our members can search and connect with colleagues and specialists, which allows them to better coordinate patient care and streamline referrals. In addition, they can discover career opportunities unique to their clinical skill sets. Our Doximity app enjoyed a 4.8/5 star rating with over 100,000 reviews in the Apple App Store as of March 31, 2021.
We support physicians in an era of information overload, by solving signal-to-noise challenges with our news tools. Our newsfeed addresses the ever increasing sub-specialization of medical expertise and volume of medical
1 Center for Medicare & Medicaid Services, including categories of hospital care, physician and clinical services, retail prescription drugs, nursing care facilities & continuing care retirement communities, home healthcare, and durable medical equipment.
2 2018 Survey of America's Physicians Practice Patterns and Perspectives, The Physicians Foundation by Merritt Hawkins, September 2018.
research by delivering news and information that is relevant to each individual physician's patient population, clinical practice, and professional relationships.
We support physicians in their day-to-day practice of medicine with mobile-friendly and easy-to-use clinical workflow tools such as voice and video telehealth, secure messaging, and digital faxing. Our focus on clinician-centric product design and productivity has led to high levels of health professional adoption and endorsement. We had over 300,000 unique active providers use our telehealth tools in the quarter ended March 31, 2021.
Our business model is designed to both respect and support physicians while driving value for our customers. We monetize our platform today through our Marketing, Hiring, and Telehealth Solutions. Our Marketing Solutions enable our pharmaceutical and health system customers to get the right content, services, and peer connections to the right medical professionals through a variety of modules. We count 20 out of the top 20 pharmaceutical manufacturers and 20 of the top 20 hospitals and health systems in the U.S. News & World Report Best Hospitals Honor Roll among our customers.
Our Hiring Solutions provide digital recruiting capabilities to health systems and medical recruiting firms. Our Hiring Solutions enable our customers to identify, connect with, and hire from our network of both active and passive potential medical professional candidates, who might otherwise be missed through traditional recruiting channels.
In early 2020 we launched our enterprise-level Telehealth Solutions for health systems. Our Telehealth Solutions, which include voice and video dialer, are designed to easily connect patients with care providers. We delivered over 63 million telehealth visits in fiscal 2021. As a result, we have seen rapid adoption of our commercial Telehealth Solutions, with subscription agreements signed with over 150 health systems, including 6 of the top 10 hospitals and health systems in the U.S. News & World Report Best Hospitals Honor Roll, as of March 31, 2021.
The ecosystem we have created in the medical community benefits from powerful network effects. Medical professional engagement with our platform increases as the breadth and utility of our tools expands, attracting even more members and driving broader and more effective communication and collaboration among healthcare professionals. This also drives greater value for our pharmaceutical and health system customers that seek to interact with specific groups of physicians. In turn, the insights that we gain from increased use of our platform enable us to invest in improving our tools and solutions to meet the changing needs of our members, customers, and the patients that they care for, ultimately creating a win-win-win for all constituents in our ecosystem.
Over the past ten years, our member interactions have enabled us to build a vast, interactive data set intelligently combining proprietary information and previously siloed public information. When coupled with our customized algorithms and our team of analysts, engineers, and clinical experts, we believe this gives us unique, unparalleled insight into the specific needs of medical professionals in the United States that would be highly challenging and time consuming for any competitor to replicate.
Our subscription-based business model and strong relationships with both pharmaceutical manufacturers and health systems drive highly visible revenue. We do not generate revenue from membership of medical professionals, other than a de minimis amount generated from member subscriptions for Dialer Pro. We are able to grow revenue from existing customers through an effective land and expand strategy, demonstrated by our 153% net revenue retention rate as of March 31, 2021 (see the section titled “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Key Business and Financial Metrics” for additional information).
Our business model has delivered high revenue growth at scale, while increasing profitability. For the years ended March 31, 2020 and 2021, we recorded revenue of $116.4 million and $206.9 million, respectively, representing a year-over-year growth rate of 78%. Our net income was $29.7 million and $50.2 million for the years ended March 31, 2020 and 2021, respectively. For the years ended March 31, 2020 and 2021, we generated Adjusted EBITDA of $26.6 million and $64.8 million, respectively. We have accomplished this while focusing on our core mission to help every physician be more productive and provide better care for their patients.
Industry Background and Challenges
U.S. healthcare expenditures were estimated at approximately $4.0 trillion in 2020, and are expected to grow to $6.2 trillion by 2028, according to the Center for Medicare & Medicaid Services, or CMS. While healthcare is one of the largest sectors of the U.S. economy, it has been slow to benefit from many of the technology-based improvements that have transformed other industries, presenting physicians, pharmaceutical manufacturers, and health systems with a number of challenges.
Challenges for Medical Professionals
•Fragmented, antiquated systems, and technology that do not work for an increasingly mobile and modern healthcare workplace.
•Difficulty discovering relevant, high-quality content. Medical professionals need to stay up to date on the latest treatments and research.
•Medical knowledge growing exponentially, driving deeper sub-specialization and need for coordination of patient care.
•Lack of HIPAA-compliant communication and workflow tools designed for physicians.
•Lack of purpose-built digital platforms for professional development.
Challenges for Pharmaceutical Manufacturers:
•Declining impact of traditional sales methods, such as in-person sales.
•Increasing sub-specialization presents cost and access difficulties in educating the relevant physicians about the latest therapies.
•Lack of targeted, customized marketing solutions.
•Highly regulated environment requires industry-specific skills.
Challenges for Health Systems:
•Lack of effective channels to enhance brand awareness to attract new patient referrals.
•Traditional recruiting channels are largely offline, manual, and inefficient.
•Lack of reliable, easy-to-use telehealth solutions, optimized for both physician and patient end-users.
Our Market Opportunity
We believe our market opportunity is substantial and growing. We estimate our current total addressable market to be approximately $18.5 billion across our platform solutions today. This comprises a $7.3 billion opportunity in U.S. pharmaceutical marketing to medical professionals, a $6.9 billion opportunity in U.S. health system marketing and staffing, and a $4.3 billion opportunity in U.S. software telehealth.
Our Value Proposition
As the largest professional medical network in the United States, we are in a unique position to provide significant value to both our community of medical professionals, as well as our pharmaceutical manufacturer and health systems customers.
For Medical Professionals
We are purpose-built for medical professionals. Medicine has always been a networked profession, with generalists and specialists working together to treat patients and advance the field of medicine. Until now, the
network of medical professionals that delivers healthcare was constrained by geographic and organizational boundaries. Our platform, with its modern tools, removes those boundaries and puts the power of information technology in the pockets of physicians everywhere. Our products are designed to put physicians first. We build tools that make doctors more informed, more productive, and more effective in their collective mission—to treat and heal all of us, the patients.
•Our network has an extensive reach. This includes over 80% of U.S. physicians, over 50% of U.S. nurse practitioners and physician assistants, and over 90% of graduating U.S. medical students as of March 31, 2021. The scale and breadth of our network provides medical professionals with unique access to their colleagues and peers nationwide.
•Our content is highly relevant. With the ever increasing sub-specialization of medical expertise, and the acceleration of clinical research, it is critical to deliver news and information that is relevant to an individual physician's area of practice. Our newsfeed is built for medicine, completing clinical and algorithmic analysis of over 200,000 articles per week.
•We digitize manual workflows. Our platform significantly enhances physician productivity by digitizing workflows that were previously highly manual and inefficient. Our telehealth, secure messaging, e-signature, and digital faxing tools are specifically tailored to physician use cases, and designed to be easily accessible from any web browser or smartphone.
•We empower professional development. We provide medical professionals with the tools and resources to take control of their careers and develop from medical school through retirement. Our platform connects members to relevant career opportunities, and our Residency Navigator tool and interactive salary map give members unique insights and transparency to make informed decisions and plan their professional goals.
•We facilitate patients finding the right physicians. Our physician profiles power both the Doctor Finder tool on the U.S. News & World Report website and the publicly accessible physician directory on the Doximity website.
For Our Customers
We enable both pharmaceutical manufacturers and health systems to effectively reach the largest network of medical professionals in the United States with our Marketing, Hiring, and Telehealth Solutions.
Pharmaceutical Manufacturers
•We provide targeted, digital access to America’s largest network of physicians. Pharmaceutical manufacturers are able to use Doximity to run highly targeted marketing campaigns in a digital format, maximizing access to important physician audiences and reducing reliance on in-person sales representatives.
•We cater to sub-specialties. Our platform is able to deliver critical and increasingly specialized knowledge directly to the most relevant physicians in a timely manner.
•Our solutions and customer success team cater to pharma-specific marketing needs. Our suite of modules has been developed to meet the diverse needs of our pharmaceutical customers. We regularly develop and introduce new modules in response to physician and customer feedback.
Health Systems
•Our Marketing Solutions are highly targeted. Like our pharmaceutical manufacturer customers, health systems are able to use our Marketing Solutions to run highly targeted campaigns to specialized audiences of physicians on our platform.
•Our Hiring Solutions are highly effective. Health systems and medical recruiting firms are able to use Doximity for critical hiring needs across every specialty in all 50 states.
•We offer a trusted, reliable Telehealth Solution. Doximity Dialer, or Dialer, was built for physicians, and designed for reliability and ease-of-use with all patient demographics. In a Doximity conducted survey, we found that 83% of physicians say they have better patient connection rates using Dialer compared to other offerings.
Our Strengths
Our business exhibits a number of key strengths which we believe position us to drive sustained growth.
•We are the trusted and secure physician-first platform.
•We have the largest digital network of medical professionals.
•We benefit from powerful network effects as more members join and interact with our platform.
•We are deeply embedded in physician workflows and our tools provide physicians with the ability to deliver best-in-class healthcare.
•We innately understand physician workflows are different from traditional technology workflows.
•We are strategic to our customers, providing a unique, digital channel to connect with the most valuable professionals in healthcare.
Our Growth Strategies
•Grow the Doximity Network. While we will continue to grow our number of physician members, we are under-penetrated among other types of medical professionals, such as nurse practitioners, and have an opportunity to expand our offering to physical therapists, dentists, psychologists, and many other professions.
•Continuously improve and innovate on our platform. Improving our existing capabilities, and innovating to add new tools and solutions, will make our platform more valuable to members, helping to attract new members and customers, while increasing the engagement of existing ones.
•Expand within customers of our solutions. Our existing customers represent a significant opportunity to grow our platform.
•Attract new customers. We have an opportunity to engage additional pharmaceutical manufacturers and health systems as we raise awareness of our offerings through our sales and marketing efforts, and as we expand our offerings.
•Further monetize our Telehealth Solutions. We have only just begun to roll out our solution to health system customers and have significant whitespace ahead of us.
•Grow our patient-facing tools. We see opportunities to expand our offerings to patients in the future, including direct access to our network and tools, such as allowing patients to use Doximity to message physicians confidentially and securely about their health.
•Consider strategic acquisitions to expand our platform capabilities. We will continue to evaluate and execute strategic acquisitions and partnerships to accelerate our product roadmap.
Our People, Culture and Values
We prioritize diversity and inclusion, and regularly track our progress against quantifiable goals.
We and certain of our employees also volunteer time with a number of charity initiatives, including the Dox Foundation, which was formed by our Chief Executive Officer and his family. The Dox Foundation’s work includes helping clinicians reach underserved communities by funding flights for medical mission trips and providing grants
to applicants. Applicants have traveled to Uganda, Cambodia, India, Myanmar, and the West Indies to provide services as diverse as cleft lip and palate surgery, orthopedic surgery education, and nursing education at a children’s hospital.
Risk Factors Summary
Our business is subject to numerous risks and uncertainties, including those highlighted in the section titled “Risk Factors.” These risks include, but are not limited to, the following:
•If we fail to effectively manage our growth, we may be unable to execute our business plan, adequately address competitive challenges or maintain our corporate culture, and our business, financial condition, and results of operations could be harmed;
•We have a limited operating history, which makes it difficult to evaluate our current business and future prospects and to predict our future operating results, and therefore increases the risk of investment;
•If we fail to retain existing members or add new members, our revenue, operating results, financial condition, and business may be significantly harmed;
•If we do not continue to attract new customers, or if existing customers do not renew their subscriptions, renew on less favorable terms, or fail to purchase additional solutions, it could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations;
•Our revenue is relatively concentrated within a small number of key customers, and the loss of one or more of such key customers could slow the growth rate of our revenue or cause our revenue to decline;
•We expect to face increasing competition in the market for our solutions;
•The COVID-19 pandemic and any other future pandemic, epidemic, or outbreak of an infectious disease may adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations;
•If we are not able to maintain and enhance our reputation and brand recognition, our business, financial conditions, and results of operations will be harmed;
•Putting our members first may adversely impact our financial results;
•We depend on our talent to grow and operate our business, and if we are unable to hire, integrate, develop, motivate, and retain our personnel, we may not be able to grow effectively;
•Failure to maintain, protect, or enforce our intellectual property rights could harm our business and results of operations; and
•The dual class structure of our common stock will have the effect of concentrating voting control with our executive officers (including our Chief Executive Officer) and directors and their affiliates; this will limit or preclude your ability to influence corporate matters.
If we are unable to adequately address these and other risks we face, our business, results of operations, financial condition and prospects may be harmed.
Channels for Disclosure of Information
Following the completion of this offering, we intend to announce material information to the public through filings with the SEC, the investor relations page on our website (www.doximity.com), blog posts on our website, press releases, public conference calls, webcasts, our twitter feed (@Doximity), our Facebook page, and our LinkedIn page.
The information disclosed by the foregoing channels could be deemed to be material information. As such, we encourage investors, the media, and others to follow the channels listed above and to review the information disclosed through such channels.
Any updates to the list of disclosure channels through which we will announce information will be posted on the investor relations page on our website. Information contained on or accessible through our website is not incorporated by reference into this prospectus, and inclusion of our website address in this prospectus is an inactive textual reference only. You should not consider information contained on our website to be part of this prospectus or in deciding whether to purchase shares of our Class A common stock.
Corporate and Other Information
We were incorporated in Delaware in April 2010 under the name 3MD Communications, Inc. In June 2010, we changed our name to Doximity, Inc. Our principal executive offices are located at 500 3rd St., Suite 510, San Francisco, CA 94107, and our telephone number is (650) 549-4330. Our website address is www.doximity.com. Information contained on or that can be accessed through our website does not constitute part of this prospectus and the inclusion of our website address in this prospectus is an inactive textual reference only.
“Doximity” is our registered trademark in the United States We have additional registered trademarks in the United States and “Doximity” and an additional registered trademark “Docnews” in certain other non-U.S. jurisdictions. Other trademarks and trade names referred to in this prospectus are the property of their respective owners.
Implications of Being an Emerging Growth Company
The Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act, or the JOBS Act, was enacted in April 2012 with the intention of encouraging capital formation in the United States and reducing the regulatory burden on newly public companies that qualify as “emerging growth companies.” We are an emerging growth company within the meaning of the JOBS Act. As an emerging growth company, we may take advantage of certain exemptions from various public reporting requirements, including not being required to have our internal control over financial reporting be audited by our independent registered public accounting firm pursuant to Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, certain reduced disclosure requirements related to the disclosure of executive compensation in this prospectus and in our periodic reports and proxy statements and exemptions from the requirement that we hold a nonbinding advisory vote on executive compensation and any golden parachute payments. We may take advantage of these exemptions until we are no longer an emerging growth company.
In addition, under the JOBS Act, emerging growth companies can delay adopting new or revised accounting standards until such time as those standards apply to private companies. We have elected to use this extended transition period until we are no longer an emerging growth company or until we affirmatively and irrevocably opt out of the extended transition period. Accordingly, our consolidated financial statements may not be comparable to companies that comply with new or revised accounting pronouncements as of public company effective dates.
We will remain an emerging growth company until the earliest to occur of (i) the last day of the fiscal year in which we have more than $1.07 billion in annual revenue; (ii) the date we qualify as a “large accelerated filer,” with at least $700 million of equity securities held by non-affiliates; (iii) the date on which we have issued, in any three-year period, more than $1.0 billion in non-convertible debt securities, and (iv) the last day of the fiscal year ending after the fifth anniversary of the completion of this offering.
For certain risks related to our status as an emerging growth company, see the section titled “Risk Factors—Risks Related to Our Business—We are an “emerging growth company” and our compliance with the reduced reporting and disclosure requirements applicable to “emerging growth companies” may make our Class A common stock less attractive to investors.”
THE OFFERING
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Class A common stock offered by us
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19,010,750 shares
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Underwriters’ over-allotment option of Class A common stock offered by us
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3,495,000 shares
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Class A common stock offered by the selling stockholder
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4,289,250 shares
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Class A common stock to be outstanding immediately after this offering
|
23,300,000 shares (26,795,000 shares, if the underwriters exercise their over-allotment option in full)
|
|
|
Class B common stock to be outstanding immediately after this offering
|
154,907,520 shares
|
|
|
Total Class A common stock and Class B common stock to be outstanding immediately after this offering
|
178,207,520 shares
|
|
|
Use of proceeds
|
We estimate that the net proceeds from the sale of shares of our Class A common stock that we are selling in this offering will be approximately $380.5 million (or approximately $451.5 million if the underwriters exercise their over-allotment option in full), based upon an assumed initial public offering price of $21.50 per share, which is the midpoint of the estimated offering price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, and after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us. We will not receive any proceeds from the sale of Class A common stock in this offering by the selling stockholder.
We currently intend to use the net proceeds of this offering for working capital, other general corporate purposes, and to fund our growth strategies discussed in this prospectus. We may also use a portion of the net proceeds to acquire or invest in complementary businesses, products, services, technologies, or other assets. We do not, however, have agreements or commitments to enter into any acquisitions or investments at this time. See the section titled “Use of Proceeds” for additional information.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Voting rights
|
We will have two classes of common stock: Class A common stock and Class B common stock.
Shares of our Class A common stock are entitled to one vote per share.
Shares of our Class B common stock are entitled to ten votes per share.
Holders of our Class A common stock and Class B common stock will generally vote together as a single class, unless otherwise required by law or our amended and restated certificate of incorporation that will be in effect on the completion of this offering. The holders of our outstanding Class B common stock will hold approximately 98.5% of the voting power of our outstanding capital stock following the completion of this offering and will have the ability to control the outcome of matters submitted to our stockholders for approval, including the election of our directors and the approval of any change in control transaction. See the sections titled “Principal and Selling Stockholders” and “Description of Capital Stock” for additional information.
|
|
|
Concentration of ownership
|
Upon the completion of this offering, our executive officers and directors, and their affiliates, will beneficially own, in the aggregate, approximately 52.4% of our outstanding shares of common stock, representing approximately 59.3% of the voting power of our outstanding shares of common stock.
|
|
|
Reserved share program
|
At our request, the underwriters have reserved up to 15% of the shares of Class A common stock offered by this prospectus for sale, at the initial public offering price, to certain qualifying member physicians in the United States through a reserved share program. To qualify, a member physician must meet the minimum criteria for the reserved share program, based on platform activity or attendance at member advisor meetings. We do not know if these parties will choose to purchase all or any portion of these reserved shares, but any purchases they do make will reduce the number of shares available to the general public. Any reserved shares that are not so purchased will be offered by the underwriters to the general public on the same terms as the other shares of Class A common stock. Shares sold through the reserved share program will not be subject to lock-up restrictions. Fidelity Capital Markets, a division of National Financial Services LLC, or Fidelity Investments® will administer our reserved shares program. See the section titled “Underwriting — Reserved Share Program” for additional information.
|
Risk factors
|
See the section titled “Risk Factors” for a discussion of factors you should carefully consider before deciding to invest in our Class A common stock.
|
|
|
Proposed New York Stock Exchange trading symbol
|
“DOCS”
|
The number of shares of Class A common stock and Class B common stock that will be outstanding immediately after this offering is based on 0 shares of our Class A common stock and 159,196,770 shares of our
Class B common stock (including shares of our redeemable convertible preferred stock on an as-converted basis) outstanding as of March 31, 2021 and excludes:
•36,575,118 shares of our Class B common stock issuable upon the exercise of options to purchase shares of our Class B common stock that were outstanding as of March 31, 2021, with a weighted-average exercise price of $2.80 per share;
•250,000 shares of Class B common stock issuable pursuant to a warrant to purchase shares of our Class B common stock that was outstanding as of March 31, 2021, with an exercise price of $0.72 per share;
•1,966,000 shares of our Class B common stock issuable upon the exercise of options to purchase shares of our Class B common stock granted after March 31, 2021, with a weighted-average exercise price of $12.56 per share;
•1,200,000 shares of Class A common stock issuable pursuant to a warrant to purchase shares of our Class A common stock granted after March 31, 2021, with an exercise price of $12.56 per share;
•265,198 shares of our Class B common stock reserved for future issuance pursuant to our 2010 Equity Incentive Plan, or our 2010 Plan, as amended, which shares will cease to be available for issuance upon the effectiveness of our 2021 Stock Option and Incentive Plan, or our 2021 Plan, which will become effective immediately prior to the date our registration statement relating to this offering becomes effective; and
•27,000,000 shares of our Class A common stock reserved for future issuance under our share-based compensation plans, to be adopted in connection with this offering, consisting of:
•22,500,000 shares of our Class A common stock reserved for future issuance under our 2021 Plan; and
•4,500,000 shares of our Class A common stock reserved for future issuance under our 2021 Employee Stock Purchase Plan, or ESPP, which will become effective on the date immediately prior to the date our registration statement relating to this offering becomes effective.
Each of our 2021 Plan and ESPP provides for annual automatic increases in the number of shares of our Class A common stock reserved thereunder, and our 2021 Plan also provides for increases to the number of shares of Class A common stock that may be granted thereunder based on shares underlying any awards under our 2010 Plan that expire, are forfeited or are otherwise terminated, as more fully described in the section titled “Executive Compensation—Employee Benefit and Stock Plans.”
Except as otherwise indicated, all information in this prospectus assumes:
•a 2-for-1 forward split of our capital stock, which was effected on June 8, 2021;
•the filing, effectiveness, and adoption of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation in Delaware and the adoption of our amended and restated bylaws, each of which will occur immediately prior to the completion of this offering;
•the automatic conversion of all outstanding shares of our redeemable convertible preferred stock into an aggregate of 76,286,618 shares of our Class B common stock, which will occur immediately prior to the completion of this offering;
•the reclassification of all of our outstanding common stock into an equivalent number of shares of our Class B common stock and the authorization of our Class A common stock, which was effected on June 8, 2021;
•no exercise of the outstanding options and warrant referred to above;
•no exercise by the underwriters of their over-allotment option; and
•for information regarding shares outstanding after this offering, the conversion of 4,289,250 shares of Class B common stock into 4,289,250 shares of Class A common stock in connection with the sale of shares in this offering by the selling stockholder.
SUMMARY CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL AND OTHER DATA
The following tables summarize our consolidated financial and other data for the periods and as of the dates indicated. We derived the summary consolidated statements of operations data for the years ended March 31, 2019, 2020, and 2021 (except the pro forma net income per share), and the consolidated balance sheet data as of March 31, 2021 from our audited consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus. Our historical results are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected in the future. The following summary consolidated financial and other data should be read in conjunction with the section titled “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and our consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this prospectus.
Consolidated Statements of Operations Data
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended
March 31,
|
|
2019
|
|
2020
|
|
2021
|
|
(in thousands except per share data)
|
Revenue
|
$
|
85,695
|
|
|
$
|
116,388
|
|
|
$
|
206,897
|
|
Cost of revenue(1)
|
10,889
|
|
|
14,900
|
|
|
31,196
|
|
Gross profit
|
74,806
|
|
|
101,488
|
|
|
175,701
|
|
Operating expenses:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Research and development(1)
|
27,499
|
|
|
32,435
|
|
|
43,873
|
|
Sales and marketing(1)
|
33,045
|
|
|
39,448
|
|
|
62,033
|
|
General and administrative(1)
|
7,341
|
|
|
7,442
|
|
|
16,492
|
|
Total operating expenses
|
67,885
|
|
|
79,325
|
|
|
122,398
|
|
Income from operations
|
6,921
|
|
|
22,163
|
|
|
53,303
|
|
Interest income
|
1,069
|
|
|
1,464
|
|
|
301
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other income (expense), net
|
(59)
|
|
|
(113)
|
|
|
4,165
|
|
Income before income taxes
|
7,931
|
|
|
23,514
|
|
|
57,769
|
|
Provision for (benefit from) income taxes
|
98
|
|
|
(6,223)
|
|
|
7,559
|
|
Net income
|
$
|
7,833
|
|
|
$
|
29,737
|
|
|
$
|
50,210
|
|
Undistributed earnings attributable to participating securities
|
(7,238)
|
|
|
(18,908)
|
|
|
(28,654)
|
|
Net income attributable to common stockholders, basic and diluted
|
$
|
595
|
|
|
$
|
10,829
|
|
|
$
|
21,556
|
|
Net income per share attributable to common stockholders:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic
|
$
|
0.01
|
|
|
$
|
0.16
|
|
|
$
|
0.29
|
|
Diluted
|
$
|
0.01
|
|
|
$
|
0.13
|
|
|
$
|
0.23
|
|
Weighted-average shares used in computing net income per share attributable to common stockholders:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic
|
64,272
|
|
|
66,758
|
|
|
74,342
|
|
Diluted
|
75,654
|
|
|
81,710
|
|
|
95,134
|
|
Pro forma net income per share attributable to common stockholders (unaudited)(2):
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
0.33
|
|
Diluted
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
0.29
|
|
Weighted-average shares used in computing pro forma net income per share attributable to common stockholders (unaudited)(2):
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic
|
|
|
|
|
150,629
|
|
Diluted
|
|
|
|
|
171,421
|
|
________________
(1)Includes stock-based compensation expense as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended
March 31,
|
|
2019
|
|
2020
|
|
2021
|
|
(in thousands)
|
Cost of revenue
|
$
|
194
|
|
|
$
|
173
|
|
|
$
|
600
|
|
Research and development
|
765
|
|
|
710
|
|
|
1,975
|
|
Sales and marketing
|
801
|
|
|
847
|
|
|
1,998
|
|
General and administrative
|
583
|
|
|
623
|
|
|
2,679
|
|
Total stock-based compensation expense
|
$
|
2,343
|
|
|
$
|
2,353
|
|
|
$
|
7,252
|
|
(2)Pro forma net income per share attributable to common stockholders and weighted-average shares gives effect to (i) the automatic conversion of all shares of our outstanding redeemable convertible preferred stock into shares of Class B common stock as though the conversion happened as of the beginning of the period, and (ii) stock-based compensation expense of approximately $0.7 million associated with stock options subject to performance-based and market-based vesting conditions, which we will recognize upon the completion of this offering. Refer to “Pro forma net income per share.”
We have provided pro forma basic and diluted net income per share to give effect to the automatic conversion of all shares of our outstanding redeemable convertible preferred stock as though the conversion happened as of the beginning of the period. The numerator in the unaudited pro forma net income per share calculation has been adjusted to (1) remove net income attributable to participating securities as the redeemable convertible preferred stock participating security is assumed converted into shares of common stock in connection with the anticipated initial public offering of our common stock and (2) to reflect stock-based compensation expense of approximately $0.7 million associated with stock options subject to performance-based and market-based vesting conditions, which we will recognize upon the completion of this offering. The denominator is adjusted using the if-converted method as though the conversion had occurred as of the beginning of the period or the original date of issuance, if later. The following table presents the calculation of pro forma basic and diluted net income per share (in thousands, except per share data).
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended
March 31, 2021
|
|
(in thousands, except per share data)
|
|
|
Net income attributable to common stockholders
|
$
|
21,556
|
|
Pro forma adjustment to add back undistributed earnings attributable to participating securities
|
28,654
|
|
Pro forma adjustment for stock-based compensation expense related to performance-based and market-based stock options
|
(698)
|
|
Pro forma net income attributable to common stockholders, basic
|
$
|
49,512
|
|
Weighted-average shares used in computing net income per share attributable to common stockholders, basic
|
74,342
|
|
Pro forma adjustment to reflect assumed conversion of redeemable convertible preferred stock into common stock
|
76,287
|
|
Weighted-average shares used in computing pro forma net income per share attributable to common stockholders, basic
|
150,629
|
|
Pro forma net income per share attributable to common stockholders, basic
|
$
|
0.33
|
|
Weighted-average shares used in computing net income per share attributable to common stockholders, diluted
|
95,134
|
|
Pro forma adjustment to reflect assumed conversion of redeemable convertible preferred stock into common stock
|
76,287
|
|
Weighted-average shares used in computing pro forma net income per share attributable to common stockholders, diluted
|
171,421
|
|
Pro forma net income per share attributable to common stockholders, diluted
|
$
|
0.29
|
|
Consolidated Balance Sheet Data
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
As of March 31, 2021
|
|
Actual
|
|
Pro Forma (1)
|
|
Pro Forma
As Adjusted (2)(3)
|
|
(in thousands, except per share data)
|
Cash and cash equivalents and marketable securities
|
$
|
142,534
|
|
|
$
|
142,534
|
|
|
$
|
524,364
|
|
Total assets
|
251,719
|
|
|
251,719
|
|
|
631,299
|
|
Working capital(4)
|
107,360
|
|
|
107,360
|
|
|
489,968
|
|
Redeemable convertible preferred stock
|
81,458
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
Additional paid-in capital
|
30,357
|
|
|
112,437
|
|
|
492,776
|
|
Retained earnings
|
36,324
|
|
|
35,626
|
|
|
35,626
|
|
Total stockholders’ equity
|
66,743
|
|
|
148,201
|
|
|
528,559
|
|
_______________
(1)The pro forma consolidated balance sheet data gives effect to: (i) the automatic conversion of all outstanding shares of our redeemable convertible preferred stock as of March 31, 2021 into shares of Class B common stock, (ii) the reclassification of 82,910,152 shares of our outstanding existing common stock into an equivalent number of shares of our Class B common stock, (iii) the filing and effectiveness of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation, which will occur immediately prior to the completion of this offering, and (iv) stock-based compensation expense of approximately $0.7 million associated with stock options subject to performance-based and market-based vesting conditions, which we will recognize upon the completion of this offering.
(2)The pro forma as adjusted consolidated balance sheet data gives effect to: (i) the pro forma adjustments set forth above, (ii) the sale and issuance of 19,010,750 shares of our Class A common stock offered by us in this offering, based upon the initial public offering price of $21.50 per share, which is the midpoint of the estimated offering price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us, and (iii) the conversion of 4,289,250 shares of Class B common stock into 4,289,250 shares of Class A common stock in connection with the sale of these shares in this offering by the selling stockholder.
(3)The pro forma as adjusted information discussed above is illustrative only and will depend on the actual initial public offering price and other terms of this offering determined at pricing. Each $1.00 increase or decrease in the assumed initial public offering price per share of $21.50 per share, which is the midpoint of the estimated offering price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, would increase or decrease, as applicable, each of our pro forma as adjusted cash and cash equivalents and marketable securities, total assets, working capital, additional paid-in capital, and total stockholders’ equity by approximately $18.0 million, assuming the number of shares of Class A common stock offered by us, as set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, remains the same and after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us. Similarly, each 1.0 million share increase or decrease in the number of shares of Class A common stock offered in this offering would increase or decrease, as applicable, each of our pro forma as adjusted cash and cash equivalents and marketable securities, total assets, working capital, additional paid-in capital, and total stockholders’ equity by approximately $20.3 million, assuming that the initial public offering price per share remains at $21.50, which is the midpoint of the estimated offering price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, and after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us.
(4)We define working capital as current assets less current liabilities. See our consolidated financial statements and the related notes included elsewhere in this prospectus for further details regarding our current assets and current liabilities.
Key Business and Financial Metrics
We monitor a number of key business and financial metrics to determine the health and success of our business, including:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended March 31,
|
|
2019
|
|
2020
|
|
2021
|
Number of customers with at least $100,000 of revenue
|
113
|
|
|
141
|
|
|
200
|
|
Net revenue retention rate
|
136
|
%
|
|
130
|
%
|
|
153
|
%
|
See the section titled “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Key Business and Financial Metrics” for our definitions of these metrics.
Non-GAAP Financial Measures
Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin
In addition to our results determined in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, or GAAP, we believe that Adjusted EBITDA is useful in evaluating our financial performance and for internal planning and forecasting purposes. We calculate Adjusted EBITDA, for a particular period, as net income before interest, income taxes, depreciation, and amortization, and as further adjusted for acquisition and other related expenses, stock-based compensation expense, and other (income) expense, net. Net Income Margin represents net income as a percentage of revenue, and Adjusted EBITDA Margin represents Adjusted EBITDA as a percentage of revenue.
We believe Adjusted EBITDA is helpful to investors, analysts, and other interested parties because it can assist in providing a more consistent and comparable overview of our operations across our historical financial periods. In addition, this measure is frequently used by analysts, investors and other interested parties to evaluate and assess performance. Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin are non-GAAP measures and are presented for supplemental informational purposes only and should not be considered as alternatives or substitutes to financial information presented in accordance with GAAP. These measures have certain limitations in that they do not include the impact of certain expenses that are reflected in our consolidated statement of operations that are necessary to run our business. Other companies, including other companies in our industry, may not use such measures or may calculate the measures differently than as presented in this prospectus, limiting their usefulness as comparative measures.
The non-GAAP information in this prospectus should be read in conjunction with, and not as substitutes for, or in isolation from, our audited consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes included elsewhere in this prospectus.
A reconciliation of net income to Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin is set forth below along with Net Income Margin:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended March 31,
|
|
2019
|
|
2020
|
|
2021
|
|
(in thousands, except percentages)
|
Net income
|
$
|
7,833
|
|
|
$
|
29,737
|
|
|
$
|
50,210
|
|
Adjusted to exclude the following:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Acquisition and other related expenses
|
—
|
|
|
1,158
|
|
|
496
|
|
Stock-based compensation
|
2,343
|
|
|
2,353
|
|
|
7,252
|
|
Depreciation and amortization
|
551
|
|
|
900
|
|
|
3,702
|
|
Interest income
|
(1,069)
|
|
|
(1,464)
|
|
|
(301)
|
|
Income tax expense (benefit)
|
98
|
|
|
(6,223)
|
|
|
7,559
|
|
Other (income) expense, net
|
59
|
|
|
113
|
|
|
(4,165)
|
|
Adjusted EBITDA
|
$
|
9,815
|
|
|
$
|
26,574
|
|
|
$
|
64,753
|
|
Revenue
|
$
|
85,695
|
|
|
$
|
116,388
|
|
|
$
|
206,897
|
|
Net Income Margin
|
9
|
%
|
|
26
|
%
|
|
24
|
%
|
Adjusted EBITDA Margin
|
11
|
%
|
|
23
|
%
|
|
31
|
%
|
Free Cash Flow and Free Cash Flow Margin
Free cash flow is a key performance measure that our management uses to assess our overall performance. We consider free cash flow to be a liquidity measure that provides useful information to management and investors about the amount of cash generated by our business that can be used for strategic opportunities, including investing in our business, making strategic acquisitions, and strengthening our financial position.
We calculate free cash flow as cash flow from operating activities less purchases of property and equipment and capitalized internal-use software development costs. We calculate free cash flow margin as free cash flow as a percentage of revenue. Because quarters are not uniform in terms of cash usage, we believe a trailing twelve month, or TTM, view provides the best understanding of the underlying trends of the business.
The following table presents a reconciliation of our free cash flow and free cash flow margin to the most comparable GAAP measure, net cash provided by operating activities and operating cash flow margin, for each of the periods indicated:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended March 31,
|
|
2019
|
|
2020
|
|
2021
|
Free Cash Flow
|
(in thousands)
|
Net cash provided by operating activities
|
$
|
15,306
|
|
|
$
|
26,199
|
|
|
$
|
82,973
|
|
Purchases of property and equipment
|
(114)
|
|
|
(285)
|
|
|
(245)
|
|
Capitalized internal-use software
|
(1,076)
|
|
|
(3,959)
|
|
|
(4,365)
|
|
Free Cash Flow
|
$
|
14,116
|
|
|
$
|
21,955
|
|
|
$
|
78,363
|
|
Revenue
|
$
|
85,695
|
|
|
$
|
116,388
|
|
|
$
|
206,897
|
|
Operating Cash Flow Margin
|
18
|
%
|
|
23
|
%
|
|
40
|
%
|
Free Cash Flow Margin
|
16
|
%
|
|
19
|
%
|
|
38
|
%
|
Other cash flow components:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net cash used in investing activities
|
(9,067)
|
|
|
(13,095)
|
|
|
(70,417)
|
|
Net cash provided by financing activities
|
985
|
|
|
1,719
|
|
|
5,407
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Although we believe free cash flow and free cash flow margin are useful indicators of business performance, free cash flow is presented for supplemental informational purposes only and should not be considered a substitute for financial information presented in accordance with GAAP. Free cash flow and free cash flow margin have limitations as an analytical tool and should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for analysis of other GAAP financial measures, such as cash provided by operating activities. Some of the limitations of free cash flow are that it may not properly reflect capital commitments that need to be paid in the future or future contractual commitments that have not been realized in the current period. Our free cash flow and free cash flow margin may not be comparable to similarly titled measures of other companies because they may not calculate free cash flow and free cash flow margin in the same manner as we calculate the measure, limiting its usefulness as a comparative measure.
RISK FACTORS
Investing in our Class A common stock involves a high degree of risk. You should carefully consider the risks and uncertainties described below, together with all of the other information contained in this prospectus, including our consolidated financial statements and the related notes thereto, before making a decision to invest in our Class A common stock. The risks and uncertainties described below may not be the only ones we face. Additional risks and uncertainties that we are unaware of, or that we currently believe are not material, may also become important factors that affect us. If any of the following risks occur, our business, results of operations, financial condition, and prospects could be harmed. In that event, the trading price of our Class A common stock could decline and you could lose part or all of your investment.
Risks Related to Our Business
If we fail to effectively manage our growth, we may be unable to execute our business plan, adequately address competitive challenges or maintain our corporate culture, and our business, financial condition, and results of operations could be harmed.
Since launching our platform in fiscal 2012, we have experienced rapid growth and we continue to rapidly and significantly expand our operations. While we have experienced significant revenue growth in prior periods, it is not indicative of our future revenue growth. We expect our revenue growth rate will decline. In fiscal 2020 and 2021, our revenue grew by 36% and 78%, respectively, as compared to revenue from the prior fiscal years. In the three months ended March 31, 2021, our total revenue grew by 83% as compared to the same period last year. In addition, our full-time employee headcount has grown from 323 employees as of March 31, 2019 to 713 employees as of March 31, 2021, which includes employees of Curative Talent, LLC (Curative, or Curative Talent), which we acquired in fiscal 2021. This expansion increases the complexity of our business and places significant strain on our management, personnel, operations, systems, technical performance, financial resources, and internal financial control and reporting functions. We may not be able to manage growth effectively, which could damage our reputation, limit our growth, and negatively affect our operating results.
The growth and expansion of our business creates significant challenges for our management, operational, and financial resources. In the event of continued growth of our operations or in the number of our third-party relationships, our information technology systems and our internal controls and procedures may not be adequate to support our operations. To effectively manage our growth, we must continue to improve our operational, financial, and management processes and systems and to effectively expand, train, and manage our employee base. As our organization continues to grow and we are required to implement more complex organizational management structures, we may find it increasingly difficult to maintain the benefits of our corporate culture, including our ability to quickly develop and launch new and innovative solutions. This could negatively affect our business performance.
We expect to invest heavily in growing our business, which may cause our sales and marketing, research and development, and other margins to decline. For example, our Telehealth Solutions have experienced significant growth amid a rapidly developing market, which may result in increased price competition and costs and may have an adverse impact on our margins if it continues to grow as a portion of our overall business. Our net income and Adjusted EBITDA Margin has grown in recent periods and as we continue to grow, may decrease.
Our historical rate of growth may not be sustainable or indicative of our future rate of growth. We believe that our continued growth in revenue, as well as our ability to improve or maintain margins and profitability, will depend upon, among other factors, our ability to address the challenges, risks, and difficulties described elsewhere in this “Risk Factors” section and the extent to which our various offerings grow and contribute to our results of operations. We cannot provide assurance that we will be able to successfully manage any such challenges or risks to our future growth. In addition, our customer base may not continue to grow or may decline due to a variety of possible risks, including increased competition, changes in the regulatory landscape, and the maturation of our business. Any of these factors could cause our revenue growth to decline and may adversely affect our margins and profitability. Failure to continue our revenue growth or margin improvement could have a material adverse effect on our business,
financial condition, and results of operations. You should not rely on our historical rate of revenue growth as an indication of our future performance.
We have a limited operating history, which makes it difficult to evaluate our current business and future prospects and to predict our future operating results, and therefore increases the risk of investment.
We were incorporated in fiscal 2011. We began commercial offerings in fiscal 2012, and by fiscal 2014 we began serving our pharmaceutical and health system customers on some of our early stage solutions. As a result of our limited operating history and our rapid growth, our ability to forecast our future operating results, including revenue, cash flows, and profitability, is limited and subject to a number of uncertainties, including our ability to effectively plan for and model future growth. We have encountered and will encounter risks and challenges frequently experienced by growing companies with competitive offerings, such as the risks and uncertainties described in this prospectus. In addition, our business is affected by general economic and business conditions around the world, including the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic or any other similar pandemic or epidemic. If our assumptions regarding these risks and uncertainties are incorrect or change due to changes in our markets, or if we do not address these risks successfully, our operating and financial results may differ materially from our expectations and our business may suffer. These risks and challenges include our ability to:
•maintain and increase our number of registered members for our platform;
•maintain and increase our number of customers for our solutions;
•increase revenue from the solutions we provide;
•successfully compete with other companies that are currently in, or may in the future enter, the online professional network space, telehealth, or productivity tools;
•maintain and improve the infrastructure underlying our network, including Amazon Web Services and our apps and websites, including with respect to data protection and cybersecurity;
•maintain and further develop a scalable, high-performance technology infrastructure that can efficiently and reliably handle increased member usage, as well as the deployment of new features and tools;
•successfully update our network, including expanding our network and offerings, develop and update our apps, features, offerings, and services to benefit our members’ experience;
•responsibly use the data that our members share with us to provide solutions that make our members more successful and productive and that are critical to the hiring and marketing needs of enterprises and professional organizations;
•comply with existing and new laws and regulations applicable to our business and our industry;
•process, store, and use personal data in compliance with governmental regulation and other legal obligations related to privacy;
•maintain and enhance the value of our reputation and brand;
•continue to earn and preserve our members’ trust with respect to their professional reputation and information;
•effectively manage our growth; and
•hire, integrate, and retain talented people at all levels of our organization.
If we fail to retain existing members or add new members, our revenue, operating results, financial condition, and business may be significantly harmed.
The size of our member base and our members’ level of engagement are critical to our success. Our financial performance has been and will continue to be significantly determined by our success in adding, retaining, and engaging members.
If medical professionals do not perceive our platform to be useful, reliable, and trustworthy, we may not be able to attract or retain members or otherwise maintain or increase the frequency and duration of their engagement. A decrease in member retention, growth, or engagement could render us less attractive to our pharmaceutical manufacturer and health system customers, which may have a material and adverse impact on our revenue, business, financial condition, and results of operations. Any number of factors could potentially negatively affect member retention, growth, and engagement, including if:
•we fail to introduce new and improved tools or if we introduce new tools for our members that are not favorably received;
•there are changes in member sentiment about the quality or usefulness of our tools or concerns related to privacy and sharing, safety, security, or other factors;
•we are unable to manage and prioritize information to ensure members are presented with content that is interesting, useful, and relevant to them;
•there are adverse changes in our tools that are mandated by legislation, regulatory authorities, or litigation, including settlements or consent decrees;
•technical or other problems prevent us from delivering our tools in a rapid and reliable manner or otherwise affect the member experience;
•we adopt policies or procedures related to areas such as sharing our member data that are perceived negatively by our members or the general public; and
•new offerings from our competitors are introduced to the market.
If we are unable to maintain and increase our member base and member engagement, our revenue, operating results, financial condition, business, and future growth potential may be adversely affected.
If we do not continue to attract new customers, or if existing customers do not renew their subscriptions, renew on less favorable terms, or fail to purchase additional solutions, it could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
In order to grow our business, we must continually attract new customers, sell additional solutions to existing customers and reduce the level of non-renewals in our business. Our ability to do so depends in large part on the success of our sales and marketing efforts. Most customers engage with us on particular marketing campaigns, either directly or through marketing agencies that act on their behalf. We do not typically enter into long-term contracts with our pharmaceutical manufacturer customers, who represent a significant portion of our revenue. When we do enter into long-term relationships with customers, they can generally terminate their relationship with us. Even if we are successful in attracting new customers and their agencies, it may take several months or years for them to meaningfully increase the amount that they spend with us. Further, larger pharmaceutical customers with multiple brands typically have brand-level marketing budgets and marketing decision makers, and we may not be able to leverage our success into expanded business with other brands within the customer’s portfolio. Moreover, customers may place internal limits on the allocation of their marketing budgets to digital marketing, to particular campaigns, to a particular marketing vendor, or for other reasons. We may not accurately predict future trends with respect to rates of customer renewals, upgrades, and expansions.
Customers of our Marketing Solutions may not continue to do business with us if their marketing content does not reach their intended audiences. Therefore, we must continue to demonstrate to our customers that using our
Marketing Solutions offering is the most effective and cost-efficient way to maximize their results. Similarly, we must demonstrate that our Hiring Solutions are important recruiting tools for enterprises, professional organizations, and individuals and that our Hiring Solutions provide them with access to the target audience. Our Hiring Solutions customers will discontinue their purchases of our solutions if we fail to effectively connect them with the talent they seek. Finally, for our Telehealth Solutions, we may not be able to retain existing customers or attract new customers if we fail to provide high quality solutions, if customers are unable to realize the value of our solutions, or if we are not able to measure and demonstrate the value that our solutions provide.
Our customer base may decline or fluctuate due to a number of factors, including the prices of our solutions, the prices of products and services offered by our competitors, reduced hiring by our customers or reductions in their talent or marketing spending levels due to macroeconomic or other factors, and the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of our solutions. Internet search engines could also change their methodologies in ways that adversely affect our ability to optimize our page rankings within their search results. If this occurs, our ability to successfully market our services may be harmed. If we are unable to retain and increase sales of our solutions to existing customers and their agencies or attract new ones for any of the reasons above or for other reasons, our business, financial condition, and results of operations could be adversely affected.
Our revenue is relatively concentrated within a small number of key customers, and the loss of one or more of such key customers could slow the growth rate of our revenue or cause our revenue to decline.
In fiscal 2019, 2020, and 2021, the only one of our customers that represented 10% or more of revenue accounted for 11%, 12%, and 12%, of our total revenue, respectively. The sudden loss of any of our largest customers or the renegotiation of any of our largest customer contracts could have a significant impact on our revenue, the growth rate of our revenue, our reputation, and our ability to obtain new customers.
In the ordinary course of business, we engage in active discussions and renegotiations with our customers in respect of the solutions we provide and the terms of our customer agreements, including our fees. As our customers’ businesses respond to market dynamics, financial pressures, and regulatory changes or delays impacting their businesses, and as our customers make strategic business decisions regarding how to market their offerings, our customers seek to, and we expect will continue to seek to, amend the terms of their arrangements with us. In the ordinary course, we renegotiate the terms of our agreements with our customers in connection with renewals or extensions of these agreements. These discussions and future discussions could result in reductions to the fees and changes to the scope contemplated by our original customer contracts and consequently could negatively impact our revenue, business, and prospects.
Because we rely on a limited number of customers for a significant portion of our revenue, we depend on the creditworthiness of these customers. If the financial condition of our customers declines, our credit risk could increase. Should one or more of our significant customers declare bankruptcy, be declared insolvent, or otherwise be restricted by state or federal laws or regulation from continuing in some or all of their operations, this could adversely affect our ongoing revenue, the collectability of our accounts receivable, and affect our bad debt reserves and net income.
We expect to face increasing competition in the market for our solutions.
We face significant competition across different aspects of our business, and we expect such competition to increase. Our industry and the markets we serve are evolving rapidly and becoming increasingly competitive. Larger and more established companies may focus on our markets and could directly compete with us. Smaller companies could also launch new products and services that compete with us and that could gain market acceptance quickly. We also expect our existing competitors in the markets for Marketing and Hiring Solutions to continue to focus on these areas. A number of these companies may have greater financial, technological, and other resources than we do and greater name recognition and more established distribution networks and relationships with healthcare providers than us, which may enable them to compete more effectively. Specifically, we compete for medical professionals as members against large technology companies that have developed online networking and collaboration tools like LinkedIn, Facebook, Google, and Twitter, in addition to smaller, emerging companies.
We also compete to access marketing, hiring, and telehealth budgets of pharmaceutical and health system companies as customers for our Marketing, Hiring, and Telehealth Solutions. We compete for customers for our Marketing Solutions with online outlets such as health-related websites and mobile apps, like WebMD’s Medscape, as well as offline outfits that provide marketing and advertising services that enable pharmaceutical manufacturers and health systems to educate medical professionals. We compete for customers for our Hiring Solutions with large and regional staffing companies, job boards, self-service recruiting tools, and medical recruiting firms. We compete for customers for our Telehealth Solutions with other providers of telehealth offerings such as American Well and Teladoc Health, and other companies that offer telehealth capabilities such as Zoom Video Communications who may further focus on our market and could directly compete with us. We also compete for members, customers, and professional organizations in the market for online professional networks which continues to rapidly evolve. Our competitors may announce new products, services, or enhancements that better address changing industry standards or the needs of members and customers, such as mobile access. Any such increased competition could cause pricing pressure, loss of market share, or decreased member engagement, any of which could adversely affect our business and operating results.
The COVID-19 pandemic and any other future pandemic, epidemic, or outbreak of an infectious disease may adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
In December 2019, a novel strain of coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, was identified in Wuhan, China. Since then, SARS-CoV-2, and the resulting disease, COVID-19, has spread to almost every country in the world and all 50 states within the United States. Global health concerns relating to the outbreak of COVID-19 have been weighing on the macroeconomic environment, and the outbreak has significantly increased economic uncertainty. In addition, any industry connected to the delivery of healthcare services has been significantly impacted in the attempt to respond to the needs created by the outbreak. The duration and severity of this pandemic is unknown, and the extent of the business disruption and financial impact depend on factors beyond our knowledge and control.
The spread of COVID-19 has caused us to modify our business practices, and we may take further actions as may be required by government authorities or that we determine are in the best interests of our employees, members, and partners. In addition, the COVID-19 pandemic and the determination of appropriate measures and business practices has diverted management’s time and attention. A larger percentage of our employees are now working from home, and if they are not able to effectively do so, or if our employees contract COVID-19 or another contagious disease, we may experience a decrease in productivity and operational efficiency, which would negatively impact our business, financial condition, and results of operations. Further, because an increased number of employees are working remotely in connection with the COVID-19 pandemic, we may experience an increased risk of security breaches, loss of data, and other disruptions as a result of accessing sensitive information from multiple remote locations.
With the COVID-19 pandemic, many of our Marketing Solutions customers have shifted their budgets away from in-person marketing to online solutions such as ours. The circumstances that have accelerated the growth of our business stemming from the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic may not continue in the future, and if these customers reallocate a significant portion of their budgets back to in-person marketing, this could cause our growth to decline in future periods.
Like many other businesses in the temporary and permanent staffing space, our Hiring Solutions have been negatively impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, as doctors and other medical professionals change jobs and travel less frequently for temporary positions. If the hiring market slows or continues to decline, our ability to maintain or grow our business could be adversely affected.
COVID-19 pandemic-related market changes that have caused an increased demand in telehealth solutions and other increases in health systems spending may cause us to invest in additional solutions to meet these needs and may also cause an increase in competitive offerings. If we are not able to make a return on those investments, meet the market demands, or effectively compete in the marketplace, our business results may suffer. Also, the financial impact of COVID-19 or another pandemic, epidemic, or outbreak of an infectious disease may lead to an overall decrease in healthcare spending due to a potential economic downturn and overall uncertainty causing healthcare expenditures to be concentrated in emergency care, which may cause a material impact to our business.
While the potential economic impact brought by and the duration of any pandemic, epidemic, or outbreak of an infectious disease, including COVID-19, may be difficult to assess or predict, the widespread COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in, and may continue to result in, significant disruption of global financial markets, reducing our ability to access capital, which could in the future negatively affect our liquidity. The impact of any pandemic, epidemic, or outbreak of an infectious disease, including COVID-19, on the needs, expectations, and spending levels of our customers could impact our ability to maintain or grow our business and as a result our operating and financial results could be adversely affected.
The full extent to which the outbreak of COVID-19 will impact our business, results of operations, and financial condition is still unknown and will depend on future developments, which are highly uncertain and cannot be predicted, including, but not limited to, the duration and spread of the outbreak, its severity, the actions to contain the virus or treat its impact, and how quickly and to what extent normal economic and operating conditions can resume. Even after the outbreak of COVID-19 has subsided, we may experience materially adverse impacts to our business as a result of its global economic impact, including any recession that has occurred or may occur in the future.
To the extent the COVID-19 pandemic adversely affects our business, financial condition, and results of operations, it may also have the effect of heightening many of the other risks described in this “Risk Factors” section.
See the section titled “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Impact of COVID-19” for additional information.
If we are not able to maintain and enhance our reputation and brand recognition, our business, financial conditions, and results of operations will be harmed.
We believe that maintaining and enhancing our reputation and brand recognition is critical to our relationships with existing customers and members and our ability to attract new customers and members. The promotion of our brand may require us to make substantial investments and we anticipate that, as our market becomes increasingly competitive, these marketing initiatives may become increasingly difficult and expensive. Our marketing activities may not be successful or yield increased revenue, and to the extent that these activities yield increased revenue, the increased revenue may not offset the expenses we incur, and our results of operations could be harmed. In addition, any factor that diminishes our reputation or that of our management, including failing to meet the expectations of our customers and members, could make it substantially more difficult for us to attract new customers. Similarly, because our customers often act as references for us with prospective new customers, any existing customer that questions the quality of our work or that of our employees could impair our ability to secure additional new customers. If we do not successfully maintain and enhance our reputation and brand recognition with our members and customers, our business may not grow and we could lose these relationships, which would harm our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
Putting our members first may adversely impact our financial results.
Our “physicians first” philosophy may mean we make decisions based on the best interests of our members, which we believe is essential to our success in increasing our member growth rate and engagement, creating value for our members, and in serving the best interests of the company and our stockholders. Therefore, in the past, we have forgone, and may in the future forgo, certain expansion or revenue opportunities that we do not believe are in the best interests of our members, even if our decision negatively impacts our operating results. In addition, our philosophy of putting our members first may cause disagreements, or negatively impact our relationships, with our existing or prospective customers. Our decisions may not result in the benefits that we expect, in which case our member engagement, business, and operating results could be harmed.
If our members’ profiles are out-of-date, inaccurate, or lack the information that members and customers want to see, we may not be able to realize the full potential of our network, which could adversely impact the growth of our business.
If our members do not update their information or provide accurate and complete information when they join our platform, the value of our platform may be negatively impacted because our value proposition as a professional network and as a source of accurate and comprehensive data will be weakened. For example, incomplete or outdated member information would diminish the ability of our Marketing Solutions customers to reach their target audiences and our ability to provide our customers with valuable insights. Similarly, customers of our Hiring Solutions may not find members that meet their qualifications or may misidentify a candidate as having such qualifications, which could result in mismatches that erode customer confidence in our solutions. Therefore, we must provide features and tools that demonstrate the value of our network to our members and motivate them to contribute additional, timely, and accurate information to their profile and our network. In addition, we must ensure that methods by which we identify relevant audiences for our customers results in accurate targeting. If we fail to successfully undertake these activities, our business and operating results could be adversely affected.
The telehealth market is immature and volatile, and if it does not develop, or if it develops more slowly than we expect, if it encounters negative publicity, or if we are not successful in demonstrating and promoting the benefits of our solutions, the growth of our business will be harmed.
The telehealth market is relatively new and unproven, and it is uncertain whether it will achieve and sustain high levels of demand, consumer acceptance, and market adoption. The increased demand for telehealth solutions as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic may decline in the future. The success of our Telehealth Solutions will depend to a substantial extent on the willingness of our members to use, and to increase the frequency and extent of their utilization of, our network, as well as on our ability to demonstrate the value of telehealth to employers, health plans, government agencies, and other purchasers of healthcare for beneficiaries. If any of these events do not occur or do not occur quickly, it could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
Our corporate culture has contributed to our success, and if we cannot maintain our corporate culture as we grow, we could lose the innovation, teamwork, passion, and focus on execution that we believe contribute to our success, and our business may be harmed.
We believe that a critical component to our success has been our corporate culture. We have invested substantial time and resources in building our team. As we continue to grow, we may find it difficult to maintain these important aspects of our corporate culture, especially given that the majority of our workforce has traditionally worked remotely and we have been unable to hold in-person employee gatherings as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. We have experienced, and may continue to experience, rapid growth and organizational change, including growth and organizational change resulting from our acquisition of and subsequent integration with other businesses, which will continue to place significant demands on our management and our operational and financial infrastructure. As we continue to grow, we must effectively integrate, develop, and motivate a large number of new employees, and we must maintain the beneficial aspects of our corporate culture. We will require significant capital expenditures and the allocation of valuable management resources to grow and change in this way, without undermining our corporate culture. Any failure to preserve our culture could negatively affect our future success, including our ability to retain and recruit personnel and to effectively focus on and pursue our corporate objectives.
In addition, to attract top talent, we have had to offer, and believe we will need to continue to offer, highly competitive compensation packages before we can validate the productivity of those employees. In addition, fluctuations in the price of our common stock may make it more difficult or costly to use equity compensation to motivate, incentivize, and retain our employees. We face significant competition for talent from other healthcare, technology, and high-growth companies, which include both large enterprises and privately-held companies. We may not be able to hire new employees quickly enough to meet our needs. If we fail to effectively manage our hiring needs and successfully integrate our new hires, our efficiency and ability to meet our forecasts and our employee morale, productivity, and retention could suffer, and our business, results of operations, and financial condition could be adversely affected.
The loss of one or more of any of the pharmaceutical brands that purchase our solutions could cause our revenue to decline.
Our largest pharmaceutical brand that purchases our solutions comprises approximately 2% of our fiscal 2021 revenue. The success of pharmaceutical brands and associated marketing spend can depend on patent life, competition, and other factors. For example, in the past we have lost marketing spend and associated revenue when a pharmaceutical brand marketed on our platform lost patent protection. The loss of the business of a significant brand could damage our relationship with that customer and its other brands, and our revenue, operating results, financial condition, business, and future growth potential may be adversely affected.
We calculate certain operational metrics using internal systems and tools and do not independently verify such metrics. Certain metrics are subject to inherent challenges in measurement, and real or perceived inaccuracies in such metrics may harm our reputation and negatively affect our business.
We present certain operational metrics herein, including size of our network of medical professionals and other metrics. We calculate these metrics using internal systems and tools that are not independently verified by any third party. These metrics may differ from estimates or similar metrics published by third parties or other companies due to differences in sources, methodologies, or the assumptions on which we rely. Our internal systems and tools have a number of limitations, and our methodologies for tracking these metrics may change over time, which could result in unexpected changes to our metrics, including the metrics we publicly disclose on an ongoing basis. If the internal systems and tools we use to track these metrics undercount or overcount performance or contain algorithmic or other technical errors, the data we present may not be accurate. While these numbers are based on what we believe to be reasonable estimates of our metrics for the applicable period of measurement, there are inherent challenges in measuring the size of our network and other metrics. For example, we face challenges in accurately calculating the number of practicing doctors or other professionals in our network at a given time. In addition, limitations or errors with respect to how we measure data or with respect to the data that we measure may affect our understanding of certain details of our business, which would affect our long-term strategies. If our operating metrics or our estimates are not accurate representations of our business, or if investors do not perceive our operating metrics to be accurate, or if we discover material inaccuracies with respect to these figures, our reputation may be significantly harmed, and our operating and financial results could be adversely affected.
The estimates of market opportunity and forecasts of market growth included in this prospectus may prove to be inaccurate, and even if the markets in which we compete achieve the forecasted growth, our business may not grow at similar rates, or at all.
Market opportunity estimates and growth forecasts included in this prospectus are subject to significant uncertainty and are based on assumptions and estimates which may not prove to be accurate. The estimates and forecasts included in this prospectus relating to size and expected growth of our target market may prove to be inaccurate. Even if the markets in which we compete meet the size estimates and growth forecasts included in this prospectus, our business may not grow at similar rates, or at all. Our growth is subject to many factors, including our success in implementing our business strategy, which is subject to many risks and uncertainties.
Certain of our operating results and financial metrics may be difficult to predict as a result of seasonality.
We have experienced some seasonality in both revenue and net income based on the timing of marketing campaign subscription launches on our platform and budgetary timing of purchases of additional modules. We may be affected by seasonal trends in the future, particularly as our business matures. Additionally, this seasonality may be reflected to a much lesser extent, and sometimes may not be immediately apparent, in our revenue. To the extent we experience this seasonality, it may cause fluctuations in our operating results and financial metrics and make forecasting out future operating results and financial metrics more difficult.
Our operating results have in the past and may in the future continue to fluctuate on a quarterly and annual basis and if we fail to meet the expectations of analysts or investors, our stock price and the value of your investment could decline substantially.
Our operating results have in the past and may in the future continue to fluctuate significantly on a quarterly and annual basis and may fail to match our past performance, and if we fail to meet or exceed the expectations of securities analysts or investors, the trading price of our Class A common stock could decline. Moreover, our stock price may be based on expectations of our future performance that may be unrealistic or that may not be met. Some of the important factors that could cause our revenue and operating results to fluctuate from quarter to quarter include:
•our ability to increase sales of our solutions to new customers and expand sales of additional solutions to our existing customers;
•the extent to which existing customers renew their agreements with us and the timing and terms of those renewals;
•the termination or renegotiation by our significant customers of their agreements with us;
•the entrance of new competitors in our market whether by established companies or new companies;
•changes in our pricing policies or those of our competitors;
•the cost of investing in our technology infrastructure, which may be greater than we anticipate;
•our ability to maintain or increase our member base and member engagement;
•disruptions or outages in our website availability, actual or perceived breaches of privacy, and compromises of our member data; and
•general industry and macroeconomic conditions including the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the global economy and the deterioration in labor markets, which would adversely impact sales of our Hiring Solutions, or economic growth that does not lead to job growth.
If our estimates or judgments relating to our critical accounting policies prove to be incorrect, our results of operations could be adversely affected.
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP and our key metrics require management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes and amounts reported in our key metrics. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances, as provided in the section titled “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.” The results of these estimates form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets, liabilities, and equity and the amount of revenue and expenses that are not readily apparent from other sources. Significant assumptions and estimates used in preparing our consolidated financial statements include those related to the determination of revenue recognition, fair values of acquired intangible assets and goodwill, useful lives of long-lived assets, internal-use software development costs, the valuation of our common stock, the valuation of stock-based awards, allowance for doubtful accounts, expected period of benefit for deferred commissions, and deferred income taxes. Our results of operations may be adversely affected if our assumptions change or if actual circumstances differ from those in our assumptions, which could cause our results of operations to fall below the expectations of securities analysts and investors, resulting in a decline in the trading price of our Class A common stock.
We are subject to stringent and changing laws, regulations, self-regulatory schemes, contractual obligations, and standards related to privacy, data protection, and information security. The actual or perceived failure by us, our
customers, partners, or vendors to comply with such obligations could harm our reputation, subject us to significant fines and liability, or otherwise adversely affect our business.
We collect, receive, store, process, generate, use, transfer, disclose, make accessible, protect, and share (collectively, Process, or Processing) sensitive, confidential, and proprietary information (collectively, Sensitive Information) in connection with providing our services.
There are numerous domestic and foreign laws, regulations, self-regulatory schemes, and standards regarding privacy, data protection, and information security and Processing (Data Protection Laws), the number and scope of which is changing, subject to differing applications and interpretations, and which may be inconsistent among jurisdictions or in conflict with each other. The regulatory framework for privacy, data protection, and information security issues worldwide is evolving and is likely to remain in flux for the foreseeable future. Various governmental and consumer agencies have also called for new regulations and changes in industry practices. Practices regarding privacy, data protection, and information security have recently come under increased public and regulatory scrutiny. The actual or perceived failure to address or comply with applicable Data Protection Laws by us or our customers, partners, or vendors could increase our compliance and operational costs, expose us to regulatory scrutiny, actions, fines, and penalties, result in reputational harm, lead to a loss of customers, reduce the use of our services, result in litigation and liability, have a material adverse effect on our business operations or financial results, or otherwise result in other material harm to our business.
We are a “Business Associate” as defined under the federal Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996, as amended by the Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health Act, or HITECH, and their implementing regulations, which we collectively refer to as HIPAA, and the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Office of Civil Rights, or OCR, may impose significant penalties on a Business Associate for a failure to comply with an applicable requirement of HIPAA.
Penalties will vary significantly depending on factors such as the date of the violation, whether the Business Associate knew or should have known of the failure to comply, or whether the Business Associate’s failure to comply was due to willful neglect. Currently, these penalties include civil monetary penalties for violations. A single breach incident can result in violations of multiple requirements, resulting in possible penalties in excess of pre-set annual limits. Further, a person who knowingly obtains or discloses individually identifiable health information in violation of HIPAA may face a criminal monetary penalty and imprisonment up to one year. The criminal penalties increase if the wrongful conduct involves false pretenses, and further increase if the wrongful conduct involves the intent to sell, transfer, or use identifiable health information for commercial advantage, personal gain, or malicious harm. The U.S. Department of Justice, or the DOJ, is responsible for criminal prosecutions under HIPAA. State attorneys general also have the right to prosecute HIPAA violations committed against residents of their states. While HIPAA does not create a private right of action that would allow individuals to sue in civil court for HIPAA violations, its standards have been used as the basis for the duty of care in state civil suits, such as those for negligence or recklessness in misusing individuals’ health information. Furthermore, in the event of a breach as defined by HIPAA, the Business Associate may have to comply with specific reporting requirements under HIPAA regulations.
The security measures that we and our third-party vendors and subcontractors have in place in an effort to ensure compliance with privacy and data protection laws may not protect our facilities and systems from security breaches, acts of vandalism or theft, computer viruses, misplaced or lost data, programming and human errors, or other similar events. Under the HITECH Act, as a Business Associate, we may also be liable for privacy and security breaches and failures of our subcontractors. Even though we provide for appropriate protections through our agreements with our subcontractors, we still have limited control over their actions and practices. A breach of privacy or security of individually identifiable health information by a subcontractor may result in an enforcement action, including criminal and civil liability, against us. We are not able to predict the extent of the impact such incidents may have on our business. Our failure to comply may result in criminal and civil liability because the potential for enforcement action against Business Associates is now greater. Enforcement actions against us could be costly and could interrupt regular operations, which may adversely affect our business. While we have not received any notices of violation of the applicable privacy and data protection laws and believe we are in compliance with such laws, there can be no assurance that we will not receive such notices in the future. There is ongoing concern
from privacy advocates, regulators, and others regarding data privacy and security issues, and the number of jurisdictions with data privacy and security laws has been increasing. Also, there are ongoing public policy discussions regarding whether the standards for deidentification, anonymization, or pseudonymization of health information are sufficient, and the risk of re-identification sufficiently small, to adequately protect patient privacy.
Applicable Data Protection Laws may also include state medical privacy laws, including those related to mental health and substance use treatment, and the provision of healthcare services, as well as federal and state consumer protection laws. These laws may not be preempted by HIPAA, may be more protective than HIPAA, and may be subject to varying interpretations by the courts and government agencies, creating complex compliance issues for us and our customers and partners and potentially exposing us to additional expense, adverse publicity and liability, any of which could adversely affect our business. Federal and state consumer protection laws are increasingly being applied by the U.S. Federal Trade Commission, or FTC, and states’ attorneys general to regulate the Processing of personal or personally identifiable information, through websites or otherwise, and to regulate the presentation of website content. The FTC in particular has approved consent decrees resolving complaints and their resulting investigations into the privacy and security practices of a number of online social media companies. These reviews can and have resulted in changes to our solutions and policies, and could result in additional changes in the future. If we are unable to comply with any such reviews or decrees that result in recommendations or binding changes, or if the recommended changes result in degradation of our solutions, our business could be harmed.
In addition, U.S. states have begun to introduce more comprehensive Data Protection Laws. For example, the California Consumer Privacy Act, or CCPA, went into effect in January 2020 and established a new privacy framework for covered businesses such as ours that expands the scope of personal information and provides new privacy rights for California residents. These changes required us to modify our data processing practices and policies and incur compliance related costs and expenses. The CCPA also provides for civil penalties for violations, as well as a private right of action for data breaches, which may increase the likelihood and cost of data breach litigation. Additionally, on November 3, 2020, a new privacy law, the California Privacy Rights Act, or CPRA, was approved by California voters. The CPRA significantly modifies the CCPA by, among other things, creating a dedicated privacy regulatory agency, requiring businesses to implement data minimization and data integrity principles, and imposing additional requirements for contracts addressing the processing of personal information. Moreover, the CPRA calls for additional regulations to be implemented before the law becomes fully operative on January 1, 2023. These changes may result in further uncertainty with respect to privacy, data protection, and information security issues and will require us to incur additional costs and expenses in an effort to comply. The enactment of the CCPA has prompted similar legislative developments in other states, which could create the potential for a patchwork of overlapping but different state laws. The federal government is also considering comprehensive privacy legislation.
We also expect that there will continue to be new or amended Data Protection Laws proposed and enacted in various jurisdictions. For example, in May 2018, the General Data Protection Regulation, or GDPR, went into effect in the European Union, or EU. The GDPR imposes more stringent data protection requirements and requires businesses subject to it to give more detailed disclosures about how they collect, use, and share personal information; contractually commit to data protection measures in contracts; maintain adequate data security measures; notify regulators and affected individuals of certain data breaches; obtain consent to collect sensitive personal information such as health information; meet extensive privacy governance and documentation requirements; and honor individuals’ data protection rights, including their rights to access, correct, and delete their personal information. The GDPR also imposes strict rules on the transfer of personal information to countries outside of the European Economic Area, or EEA, including the United States. A recent judicial decision from the EU and recent announcements from European regulators regarding transfers of personal information outside of the EEA have increased the legal risks and liabilities, and compliance and operational costs, of lawfully making such transfers. Companies that violate the GDPR can face private litigation, restrictions, or prohibitions on data processing, and fines of up to the greater of 20 million Euros or 4% of worldwide annual revenue. If we begin to conduct business in Europe, complying with the GDPR would entail significant costs and increase our liability risks.
New or amended Data Protection Laws, and changes in the interpretation of existing Data Protection Laws and our Data Protection Obligations (defined below), could impair our, or our customers’, our partners’, or our vendors’
ability to Process personal information, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
We are or may be subject to the terms of our internal and external policies, representations, publications, frameworks, self-regulatory standards, and industry certification commitments (collectively, Privacy Policies), and contractual obligations to third parties related to privacy, data protection, and information security (collectively, Data Protection Obligations), including the Payment Card Industry Data Security Standards (PCI-DSS), the rules imposed by credit card brands (e.g., VISA and Mastercard), and Security Organization Control 2 certification commitments. We strive to comply with applicable Data Protection Laws, Privacy Policies, and Data Protection Obligations, but we may at times fail to do so or may be perceived to have failed to do so, in which case we may be subject to and suffer a material harm to our business. For example, in the event we fail to comply with the PCI-DSS, we could be in breach of our obligations under customer and other contracts. Moreover, despite our efforts, we may not be successful in achieving compliance if our personnel, customers, partners, or vendors do not comply with applicable Data Protection Laws, Privacy Policies, and Data Protection Obligations. We may be subject to and suffer material harm to our business if our Privacy Policies are, in whole or part, found to be inaccurate, incomplete, deceptive, unfair, or misrepresentative of our actual practices. In addition, any such failure or perceived failure could result in public statements against us by consumer advocacy groups or others, which may cause us material reputational harm.
In view of applicable Data Protection Laws, Privacy Policies, and Data Protection Obligations imposing complex and burdensome obligations, and with substantial uncertainty in their interpretation and compliance, we have faced and may face challenges in addressing and complying with them, and fundamentally changing our business activities, Privacy Policies, and practices, and may expend significant resources in an effort to do so, any of which could result in material harm to business, financial condition, results of operations, or other harm
Further, our customers may expect us to comply with more stringent privacy, data protection, and information security requirements than those imposed by applicable Data Protection Laws, and we may be obligated contractually to comply with additional or different standards relating to our handling or protection of data on or by our offerings. For example, our mobile application is distributed through third-party platforms such as those operated by Apple and Google. These third parties may impose technical and privacy, data protection, and information security requirements on companies that distribute applications through their platforms. These requirements are subject to change and may adversely impact our ability to Process personal information. Complying with these requirements may cause us to incur additional expense, and the failure to comply with these requirements may cause us to lose access to the app store and users, and our business would be harmed.
If our security measures are compromised now or in the future, or the security, confidentiality, integrity, or availability of our information technology, software, services, communications, or data is compromised, limited, or fails, this could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
Our platform involves the storage and transmission of Sensitive Information. As a result, unauthorized access or security breaches as a result of third-party action (e.g., cyber-attacks), employee error, product defect, malfeasance, or other factors could result in the loss of information, inappropriate use of or access to information, service interruption, service degradation, outages, service level credits, litigation, indemnity obligations, damage to our reputation, and other liability. We believe our risk of cyber-attack may be elevated during this time due to an increase in cyber-attack attempts on U.S. businesses generally during the COVID-19 outbreak. While we maintain and continue to improve our security measures, we may be unable to adequately anticipate security threats or to implement adequate preventative measures, in part, because the techniques used to obtain unauthorized access or sabotage systems change frequently and generally are not identified until they are launched against a target. Moreover, the detection, prevention, and remediation of known or unknown securities vulnerabilities, including those arising from third-parties, is becoming increasingly expensive and may cause us to incur significant costs in the future. We process significant amounts of Sensitive Information, including protected health information, personal information, data concerning our members, and in some cases, limited amounts of data concerning the patients they treat in connection with our members’ utilization of our network and related services. While we have implemented security measures to protect such data, techniques used to gain unauthorized access to data and systems, disable or degrade service, or sabotage systems are constantly evolving, and we may be unable to anticipate
such techniques or implement adequate preventative measures to avoid unauthorized access or other adverse impacts to such data or our systems. We may use third-party service providers and subprocessors to help us deliver services and engage in Processing on our behalf, including, without limitation, the processing of payment card information. If we, our service providers, partners, or other relevant third parties have experienced or in the future experience any security incidents that result in any data loss, deletion or destruction, unauthorized access to, loss of, unauthorized acquisition or disclosure of, or inadvertent exposure of, Sensitive Information, or compromise related to the security, confidentiality, integrity, or availability of our (or their) information technology, software, services, communications, or data (collectively, a Security Breach), it may result in material harm to our business, including, without limitation, regulatory investigations or enforcement actions, litigation, indemnity obligations, negative publicity, and financial loss.
Our service is vulnerable to threat actors, software bugs, malicious code (such as computer viruses and internet worms), personnel theft or misuse, break-ins, phishing attacks, denial-of-service attacks (including credential stuffing), ransomware attacks, natural disasters, terrorism, war, telecommunication and electrical failures, server malfunction, software or hardware failures, loss of data or other computer assets, adware, or other similar issues or other attacks or similar disruptions, any of which could lead to system interruptions, delays, or shutdowns, causing loss of critical data or the unauthorized access of data.
We may be required to expend significant resources, fundamentally change our business activities and practices, or modify our services, software, operations, or information technology in an effort to protect against Security Breaches and to mitigate, detect, and remediate actual and potential vulnerabilities. Applicable Data Protection Laws, Privacy Policies, and Data Protection Obligations may require us to implement specific security measures or use industry-standard or reasonable measures to protect against Security Breaches. The recovery systems, security protocols, network protection mechanisms, and other security measures that we (and our third parties) have integrated into our platform, systems, networks, and physical facilities, which are designed to protect against, detect, and minimize Security Breaches, may not be adequate to prevent or detect service interruption, system failure, or data loss.
Applicable Data Protection Laws, Privacy Policies, or Data Protection Obligations may require us to notify affected individuals, regulators, customers, credit reporting agencies, and others in the event of a Security Breach. Patients about whom we obtain health information, as well as the providers who share this information with us, may have statutory or contractual rights that limit our ability to use and disclose the information. We may be required to expend significant capital and other resources to ensure ongoing compliance with applicable Data Protection Laws, Privacy Policies, and Data Protection Obligations. Claims that we have violated individuals’ privacy rights or breached our Data Protection Obligations, even if we are not found liable, could be expensive and time-consuming to defend and could result in adverse publicity that could harm our business.
Although we maintain insurance for our business, the coverage under our policies may not apply to the liabilities or damages as a result of the events referenced above or be adequate to compensate us for all losses that may occur. There can also be no assurance that the limitations of liability in our contracts would be enforceable or adequate or would otherwise protect us from liabilities or damages as a result of the events referenced above.
In addition, varying parts of our workforce are currently working remotely on a part or full time basis. This could increase our cyber security risk, create data accessibility concerns, and make us more susceptible to communication disruptions. Any of the foregoing could have a material adverse effect on us.
We rely on network and mobile infrastructure and our ability to maintain and scale our business and maintain competitiveness. Any significant interruptions or delays in service on our apps or websites or any undetected errors or design faults could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
We depend on the use of information technologies and systems and our reputation and ability to acquire, retain, and serve our customers are dependent upon the reliable performance of our apps and websites and the underlying network infrastructure. As our operations grow, we must continuously improve and upgrade our systems and infrastructure while maintaining or improving the reliability and integrity of our infrastructure. Our future success also depends on our ability to adapt our systems and infrastructure to meet rapidly evolving consumer trends and
demands while continuing to improve the performance, features, and reliability of our solutions in response to competitive services and offerings. We expect the use of alternative platforms such as tablets and wearables will continue to grow and the emergence of niche competitors who may be able to optimize offerings, services, or strategies for such platforms will require new investment in technology. New developments in other areas, such as cloud computing, have made it easier for competition to enter our markets due to lower up-front technology costs. In addition, we may not be able to maintain our existing systems or replace or introduce new technologies and systems as quickly as we would like or in a cost-effective manner. There is also no guarantee that we will possess the financial resources or personnel, for the research, design, and development of new applications or services, or that we will be able to utilize these resources successfully and avoid technological or market obsolescence. Further, there can be no assurance that technological advances by one or more of our competitors or future competitors will not result in our present or future applications and services becoming uncompetitive or obsolete. If we were unable to enhance our offerings and network capabilities to keep pace with rapid technological and regulatory change, or if new technologies emerge that are able to deliver competitive offerings at lower prices, more efficiently, more conveniently, or more securely than our offerings, our business, financial condition, and results of operations could be adversely affected.
Our success will also depend on the interoperability of our offerings with a range of third-party technologies, systems, networks, operating systems, and standards, including iOS and Android; the availability of our mobile apps in app stores and in “super-app” environments; and the creation, maintenance, and development of relationships with key participants in related industries, some of which may also be our competitors. In addition, if accessibility of various apps is limited by executive order or other government actions, the full functionality of devices may not be available to our customers. Moreover, third-party platforms, services, and offerings are constantly evolving, and we may not be able to modify our platform to assure its compatibility with those of third parties. If we lose such interoperability, we experience difficulties or increased costs in integrating our offerings into alternative devices or systems, or manufacturers or operating systems elect not to include our offerings, make changes that degrade the functionality of our offerings, or give preferential treatment to competitive products, the growth of our business, results of operations, and financial condition could be materially adversely affected. This risk may be exacerbated by the frequency with which consumers change or upgrade their devices. In the event consumers choose devices that do not already include or support our platform or do not install our mobile apps when they change or upgrade their devices, our customer engagement may be harmed.
We may become subject to enforcement actions or litigation as a result of our or our members’ failure to comply with laws and regulations relating to communications, even though noncompliance was inadvertent or unintentional.
We maintain systems and procedures designed to ensure that our telephonic communications and telephonic communications made by members and others using our platform comply with applicable laws and regulations; however, some legal/regulatory frameworks provide for the imposition of fines or penalties for noncompliance even though the noncompliance was inadvertent or unintentional and even though there were systems and procedures designed to ensure compliance in place at the time.
For example, members use our platform to engage in telephone, text message, and facsimile communications with patients and other doctors and healthcare professionals. There are a number of federal and state laws and regulations potentially applicable to such communications, including the federal Telephone Consumer Protection Act, or TCPA, and those laws and regulations are continuously evolving. A determination by a court or regulatory agency that any of these laws and regulations are applicable to or operate to prohibit or limit telephone, text message, and facsimile communications made by members or others using our platform could invalidate all or some portions of our customer contracts, could require us to change or terminate some portions of our business, could require us to refund portions of our service fees, and could have an adverse effect on our business. In addition, if a court or regulatory agency determines that communications made by members or others using our platform violate any of these laws or regulations and that we are responsible for the violation, we may be subject to substantial damages, substantial civil penalties, and adverse publicity that could have a material adverse effect on our business and financial condition. For violations of the TCPA, the law provides for a private right of action under which a plaintiff may recover statutory damages of $500 for each call, text message, or facsimile made in violation of the statute’s prohibitions. A court also may treble the amount of damages upon a finding of a “willful or knowing”
violation of the statute. There is no statutory cap on maximum aggregate exposure. In addition, the Federal Communications Commission, or FCC, which implements and enforces the TCPA, a state attorney general or other federal and state regulators may seek civil penalties in an enforcement action for violations of the TCPA or other laws and regulations potentially applicable to telephone, text message, and facsimile communications made by members or others using our platform.
We may incur liability as a result of information retrieved from or transmitted over the Internet or published using our platform and legislation regulating content on our platform may require us to change our solutions or business practices and may adversely affect our business and financial results.
Because our platform allows for the exchange of news, information, and other content, we may face claims relating to the content that is published or made available on our platform. In particular, the nature of our business exposes us to claims related to defamation, dissemination of misinformation, discrimination, harassment, intellectual property rights, rights of publicity and privacy, personal injury torts, laws regulating hate speech or other types of content, and breach of contract, among others.
In the United States, the Communications Decency Act, or CDA, provides statutory protections to online service providers like us who distribute third-party content. However, in the United States, government authorities, elected officials, and political candidates have called for amendments to Section 230 of the CDA that would purport to limit or remove protections afforded interactive computer service providers and our current protections from liability for third-party content in the United States could decrease or change. We could incur significant costs investigating and defending such claims and, if we are found liable, significant damages. We could also face fines, orders restricting or blocking our services in particular geographies, or other government-imposed remedies as a result of content hosted on our platform.
Content-related legislation may require us to change our solutions or business practices, increase our compliance costs, or otherwise impact our operations or our ability to provide services in certain geographies. In addition, we could incur significant costs investigating and defending claims for violating such requirements and, if we are found liable, significant damages.
We may experience fluctuations in our tax obligations and effective tax rate, which could materially and adversely affect our results of operations.
We are subject to U.S. federal and state income taxes. Tax laws, regulations, and administrative practices in various jurisdictions may be subject to significant change, with or without advance notice, due to economic, political, and other conditions, and significant judgment is required in evaluating and estimating our provision and accruals for these taxes. There are many transactions that occur during the ordinary course of business for which the ultimate tax determination is uncertain. Our effective tax rates could be affected by numerous factors, such as changes in tax, accounting, and other laws, regulations, administrative practices, principles, and interpretations, the mix and level of earnings in a given taxing jurisdiction, or our ownership or capital structures.
Our ability to utilize our net operating loss carryforwards and certain other tax attributes may be limited.
As of March 31, 2021, we had accumulated $7.2 million state net operating loss carryforwards, or NOLs to reduce future taxable income, portions of which will begin to expire in 2029. Under Section 382 and Section 383 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or the Code, if a corporation undergoes an “ownership change,” the corporation’s ability to use its pre-change NOLs and other tax attributes, including R&D tax credits, to offset its post-change income or taxes may be limited. In general, an “ownership change” will occur if there is a cumulative change in our ownership by “5 percent stockholders” that exceeds 50 percentage points over a rolling three-year period. Similar rules may apply under state tax laws. Based on an assessment of our historical ownership changes through March 31, 2021, we do not anticipate a current limitation on the tax attributes. Our ability to use NOLs and other tax attributes to reduce future taxable income and liabilities may be subject to limitations as a result of ownership changes that may occur in the future, including as a result of this offering.
Under current law, U.S. federal net operating losses incurred in taxable years beginning after December 31, 2017, may be carried forward indefinitely. Such U.S. federal net operating losses generally may not be carried back
to prior taxable years, except that net operating losses generated in 2018, 2019, and 2020 may be carried back to each of the five tax years preceding the tax years of such losses. Additionally, for tax years beginning after December 31, 2020, the deductibility of U.S. federal net operating losses incurred in taxable years beginning after December 31, 2017, is limited to 80% of taxable income. Our net operating losses may also be impaired or restricted under state law. At the state level there may be periods during which the use of net operating losses is suspended or otherwise limited, which could increase or permanently accelerate state taxes owed. For example, California imposed limits on the usability of California state net operating losses to offset taxable income in tax years beginning after 2019 and before 2023.
We depend on our talent to grow and operate our business, and if we are unable to hire, integrate, develop, motivate, and retain our personnel, we may not be able to grow effectively.
Our ability to maintain our competitive position is largely dependent on the services of our senior management and other key personnel. In addition, our future success depends on our continuing ability to attract, develop, motivate, and retain highly qualified and skilled employees. The market for such positions is competitive, especially in the San Francisco Bay Area. Qualified individuals are in high demand and we may incur significant costs to attract them. In addition, the loss of any of our senior management or other key employees, in particular our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Commercial Officer, or our inability to recruit and develop mid-level managers could materially and adversely affect our ability to execute our business plan and we may be unable to find adequate replacements. Competition for qualified employees is intense in our industry, and the loss of even a few qualified employees, or an inability to attract, retain, and motivate additional highly skilled employees required for the planned expansion of our business could harm our operating results and impair our ability to grow. To attract and retain key personnel, we use various measures, including an equity incentive program for key executive officers and other employees. These measures may not be enough to attract and retain the personnel we require to operate our business effectively. All of our employees are at-will employees, meaning that they may terminate their employment relationship with us at any time, and their knowledge of our business and industry would be extremely difficult to replace. If we fail to retain talented senior management and other key personnel, or if we do not succeed in attracting well-qualified employees or retaining and motivating existing employees, our business, financial condition, and results of operations may be materially adversely affected.
We may become subject to litigation, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
We have been subject to litigation in the past, and may become subject to litigation in the future. Some of these claims may result in significant defense costs and potentially significant judgments against us, some of which we are not, or cannot be, insured against. We generally intend to defend ourselves vigorously; however, we cannot be certain of the ultimate outcomes of any claims that may arise in the future. Resolution of these types of matters against us may result in our having to pay significant fines, judgments, or settlements, which, if uninsured, or if the fines, judgments, and settlements exceed insured levels, could adversely impact our earnings and cash flows, thereby having a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flow, and per share trading price of our Class A common stock. Certain litigation or the resolution of certain litigation may affect the availability or cost of some of our insurance coverage, which could adversely impact our results of operations and cash flows, expose us to increased risks that would be uninsured, and adversely impact our ability to attract directors and officers.
We may require additional capital to support business growth, and this capital might not be available on acceptable terms, if at all.
We intend to continue to make investments to support our business growth and may require additional funds to respond to business challenges, including the need to develop new features and tools or enhance our existing solutions, improve our operating infrastructure, or acquire complementary businesses and technologies. Accordingly, we have engaged and may continue to engage in equity or debt financings to secure additional funds. If we raise additional funds through future issuances of equity or convertible debt securities, our existing stockholders could suffer significant dilution, and any new equity securities we issue could have rights, preferences, and privileges superior to those of holders of our Class A common stock. Any debt financing we secure in the future
could involve restrictive covenants relating to our capital raising activities and other financial and operational matters, which may make it more difficult for us to obtain additional capital and to pursue business opportunities, including potential acquisitions. We may not be able to obtain additional financing on terms favorable to us, if at all. If we are unable to obtain adequate financing or financing on terms satisfactory to us when we require it, our ability to continue to support our business growth and to respond to business challenges could be significantly impaired, and our business may be harmed.
We may seek to grow our business through acquisitions of, or investments in, new or complementary businesses, technologies, tools, or solutions, or through strategic alliances, and the failure to manage these acquisitions, investments or alliances, or to integrate them with our existing business, could have a material adverse effect on us.
In fiscal 2021, we completed an acquisition of Curative Talent, and we may in the future consider opportunities to acquire or make additional investments in new or complementary businesses, technologies, offerings, tools, or solutions, or enter into strategic alliances, that may enhance our capabilities and platform in general, complement our current offerings, or expand the breadth of our markets. Our ability to successfully grow through these types of strategic transactions depends upon our ability to identify, negotiate, complete, and integrate suitable target businesses, technologies, tools, and solutions and to obtain any necessary financing, and is subject to numerous risks, including:
•failure to identify acquisition, investment, or other strategic alliance opportunities that we deem suitable or available on favorable terms;
•problems integrating the acquired business, technologies, tools, or solutions, including issues maintaining uniform standards, procedures, controls, and policies;
•integrating personnel from the acquired company;
•unanticipated costs associated with acquisitions, investments, or strategic alliances;
•adverse impacts on our overall margins;
•diversion of management’s attention from our existing business;
•risks associated with entering new markets in which we may have limited or no experience;
•potential loss of key employees of acquired businesses; and
•increased legal and accounting compliance costs.
In addition, a significant portion of the purchase price of companies we acquire may be allocated to acquired goodwill and other intangible assets. In the future, if our acquisitions do not yield expected returns, we may be required to take impairment charges to our results of operations based on our impairment assessment process, which could harm our results of operations.
We may experience challenges with managing our growth related to the acquisition of Curative Talent or other future acquisitions. The operation and integration of the acquired technologies and business operations may require substantial financial costs and management attention. If we fail to manage such integration processes in a timely and effective manner, our business and financial results may suffer. If we are unable to identify suitable acquisitions or strategic relationships, or if we are unable to integrate any acquired businesses, technologies, tools, and solutions effectively, our business, financial condition, and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected. Also, while we employ several different methodologies to assess potential business opportunities, the new businesses may not meet or exceed our expectations.
We may enter into collaborations, in-licensing arrangements, joint ventures, strategic alliances, or partnerships with third-parties that may not result in the development of commercially viable solutions or the generation of significant future revenue.
In the ordinary course of our business, we may enter into collaborations, in-licensing arrangements, joint ventures, strategic alliances, or technology partnerships to develop proposed solutions and to pursue new markets, such as our agreement with U.S. News & World Report to offer a direct-to-patient scheduling tool for health systems. Proposing, negotiating, and implementing collaborations, in-licensing arrangements, joint ventures, strategic alliances, or partnerships may be a lengthy and complex process. Other companies, including those with substantially greater financial, marketing, sales, technology, or other business resources, may compete with us for these opportunities or arrangements. We may not identify, secure, or complete any such transactions or arrangements in a timely manner, on a cost-effective basis, on acceptable terms, or at all. We have limited institutional knowledge and experience with respect to these business development activities, and we may also not realize the anticipated benefits of any such transaction or arrangement. In particular, these collaborations may not result in the development of solutions that achieve commercial success or result in significant revenue and could be terminated prior to developing any solutions.
Additionally, we may not be in a position to exercise sole decision making authority regarding the transaction or arrangement, which could create the potential risk of creating impasses on decisions, and our collaborators may have economic or business interests or goals that are, or that may become, inconsistent with our business interests or goals. It is possible that conflicts may arise with our collaborators, such as conflicts concerning the achievement of performance milestones, or the interpretation of significant terms under any agreement, such as those related to financial obligations or the ownership or control of intellectual property developed during the collaboration. If any conflicts arise with our current or future collaborators, they may act in their self-interest, which may be adverse to our best interest, and they may breach their obligations to us. In addition, we have limited control over the amount and timing of resources that our current collaborators or any future collaborators devote to our collaborators’ or our future solutions. Disputes between us and our collaborators may result in litigation or arbitration which would increase our expenses and divert the attention of our management. Further, these transactions and arrangements are contractual in nature and may be terminated or dissolved under the terms of the applicable agreements and, in such event, we may not continue to have rights to the products relating to such transaction or arrangement or may need to purchase such rights at a premium.
We may be unable to successfully execute on our growth initiatives, business strategies, or operating plans.
We are continually executing on growth initiatives, strategies, and operating plans designed to enhance our business and extend our solutions. The anticipated benefits from these efforts are based on several assumptions that may prove to be inaccurate. Moreover, we may not be able to successfully complete these growth initiatives, strategies, and operating plans and realize all of the benefits, including growth targets and cost savings, that we expect to achieve or it may be more costly to do so than we anticipate. A variety of risks could cause us not to realize some or all of the expected benefits. These risks include, among others, delays in the anticipated timing of activities related to such growth initiatives, strategies, and operating plans, increased difficulty and cost in implementing these efforts, including difficulties in complying with new regulatory requirements and the incurrence of other unexpected costs associated with operating our business. Moreover, our continued implementation of these programs may disrupt our operations and performance. As a result, we cannot assure you that we will realize these benefits. If for any reason the benefits we realize are less than our estimates, or the implementation of these growth initiatives, strategies, and operating plans adversely affect our operations or cost more or take longer to effectuate than we expect, or if our assumptions prove inaccurate, our business, financial condition, and results of operations may be materially adversely affected.
We employ third-party licensed software and software components for use in or with our solutions, and the inability to maintain these licenses or the presence of errors or security vulnerabilities in the software we license
could limit the functionality of our solutions and result in increased costs or reduced service levels, which could adversely affect our business.
Our network incorporates or utilizes certain third-party software and software components obtained under licenses from other companies. We anticipate that we will continue to rely on such third-party software and development tools from third parties in the future. Although we believe that there are commercially reasonable alternatives to the third-party software we currently license, this may not always be the case, or it may be difficult or costly to replace. Our use of additional or alternative third-party software would require us to enter into license agreements with third parties. In addition, if the third-party software we utilize has errors, security vulnerabilities, or otherwise malfunctions, the functionality of our solutions may be negatively impacted and our business may suffer.
We rely on software-as-a-service, or SaaS, technologies from third parties.
We rely on SaaS technologies from third parties in order to operate critical functions of our business, including financial management services, relationship management services, marketing services, and data storage services. For example, we rely on Amazon Web Services for a substantial portion of our computing and storage capacity, and rely on Google for storage capacity and collaboration tools. We are also highly dependent on our technology integration with products offered by certain third parties. Amazon Web Services provides us with computing and storage capacity pursuant to an agreement that continues until terminated by either party. Similarly, Google provides us with storage capacity and certain collaboration tools, and also may non-renew its agreement by providing 15 days notice prior to the end of the then-current term. Some of our other vendor agreements may be unilaterally terminated by the counterparty for convenience. If these services become unavailable due to contract cancellations, extended outages or interruptions, because they are no longer available on commercially reasonable terms or prices, or for any other reason, our expenses could increase, our ability to manage our finances could be interrupted, our processes for managing our offerings and supporting our consumers and partners could be impaired, and our ability to access or save data stored to the cloud may be impaired until equivalent services, if available, are identified, obtained, and implemented, all of which could harm our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
Our growth depends in part on the success of our strategic relationships with third parties.
We anticipate that we will continue to depend on relationships with various third parties, including access to platforms and content providers and distributors to grow our business, authors who provide content (including learning and development material), and channel partners. Identifying, negotiating, and maintaining relationships with third parties require significant time and resources, as does integrating third-party content and technology. Our agreements with technology and content providers and similar third parties are typically non-exclusive and do not prohibit them from working with our competitors or from offering competing services. In some cases, in particular with respect to content providers, these relationships are undocumented, or, if there are agreements in place, they may be easily terminable. Our competitors may be effective in providing incentives to these parties to favor their solutions or may prevent us from developing strategic relationships with these parties. These third parties may decide that working with us is not in their interest. In addition, these third parties may not perform as expected under our agreements with them, and we have had, and may in the future have, disagreements or disputes with these parties, which could negatively affect our brand and reputation. It is possible that these third parties may not be able to devote the resources we expect to the relationship or they may terminate their relationships with us. Further, as members increasingly access our services through mobile devices, we are becoming more dependent on the distribution of our mobile applications through third parties, and we may not be able to access their application program interfaces or be able to distribute our applications or provide ease of integration, and this may also impact our ability to monetize our mobile solutions. If we are unsuccessful in establishing or maintaining our relationships with third parties, our ability to compete in the marketplace or to grow our business could be impaired, and our operating results could suffer. Even if we are successful, these relationships may not result in improved operating results.
Any restrictions on our use of, or ability to license, data, or our failure to license data and integrate third-party technologies, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
We depend upon licenses from third parties for some of the technology and data used in our applications, and for some of the technology platforms upon which these applications are built and operate. We expect that we may need to obtain additional licenses from third parties in the future in connection with the development of our solutions and services. In addition, we obtain a portion of the data that we use from government entities, public records, and our partners for specific partner engagements. We believe that we have all rights necessary to use the data that is incorporated into our solutions and services. However, we cannot assure you that our licenses for information will allow us to use that information for all potential or contemplated applications and solutions.
In the future, data providers could withdraw their data from us or restrict our usage for any reason, including if there is a competitive reason to do so, if legislation is passed restricting the use of the data, or if judicial interpretations are issued restricting use of the data that we currently use in our solutions and services. In addition, data providers could fail to adhere to our quality control standards in the future, causing us to incur additional expense to appropriately utilize the data. If a substantial number of data providers were to withdraw or restrict their data, or if they fail to adhere to our quality control standards, and if we are unable to identify and contract with suitable alternative data suppliers and integrate these data sources into our service offerings, our ability to provide solutions and services to our partners would be materially adversely impacted, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
We also integrate into our proprietary applications and use third-party software to maintain and enhance, among other things, content generation and delivery, and to support our technology infrastructure. Our use of third-party technologies exposes us to increased risks, including, but not limited to, risks associated with the integration of new technology into our solutions, the diversion of our resources from development of our own proprietary technology, and our inability to generate revenue from licensed technology sufficient to offset associated acquisition and maintenance costs. These technologies may not be available to us in the future on commercially reasonable terms or at all and could be difficult to replace once integrated into our own proprietary applications. Most of these licenses can be renewed only by mutual consent and may be terminated if we breach the terms of the license and fail to cure the breach within a specified period of time. Our inability to obtain, maintain, or comply with any of these licenses could delay development until equivalent technology can be identified, licensed, and integrated, which would harm our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
Most of our third-party licenses are non-exclusive and our competitors may obtain the right to use any of the technology covered by these licenses to compete directly with us. If our data suppliers choose to discontinue support of the licensed technology in the future, we might not be able to modify or adapt our own solutions.
Changes in accounting rules, assumptions, and/or judgments could materially and adversely affect us.
Accounting rules and interpretations for certain aspects of our operations are highly complex and involve significant assumptions and judgment. These complexities could lead to a delay in the preparation and dissemination of our financial statements. Furthermore, changes in accounting rules and interpretations or in our accounting assumptions and/or judgments could significantly impact our financial statements. In some cases, we could be required to apply a new or revised standard retroactively, resulting in restating prior period financial statements. Any of these circumstances could have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, liquidity, financial condition, and results of operations.
Changes in tax laws or regulations that are applied adversely to us or our customers may have a material adverse effect on our business, cash flow, and financial condition or result of operations.
We are subject to income taxes in the United States and our tax provision could also be impacted by changes in accounting principles and changes in U.S. federal and state tax laws applicable to corporations. For example, legislation enacted in 2017, informally titled the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, or Tax Act, and the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act, or CARES Act, significantly changed how the U.S. Department of Treasury imposes income taxes on U.S. corporations. We made significant judgments and assumptions in the interpretation of these laws and in our calculations reflected in our financial statements. The U.S. Department of Treasury, the
Internal Revenue Service, or the IRS, and other standard-setting bodies may issue additional guidance on how the provisions of the Tax Act and CARES Act will be applied or otherwise administered, and additional accounting guidance or interpretations may be issued in the future that is different from our current interpretation. As another example, the U.S. Supreme Court’s decision in South Dakota v. Wayfair, Inc., increasing states’ ability to assert taxing jurisdiction on out-of-state retailers could result in certain additional jurisdictions asserting that sales and use and other taxes are applicable, which could result in tax assessments, penalties, and interest, and we may be required to collect such taxes in the future. After the U.S. Supreme Court's decision in South Dakota v. Wayfair, Inc., several U.S. states imposed an economic presence standard with respect to the imposition of taxes. These new rules often have uncertainty with respect to the level of activity necessary to cause a taxable presence for taxpayers within the state. Accordingly, additional jurisdictions may assert sales and use and other taxes, which could result in tax assessments, penalties, and interest, and we may be required to collect and remit/pay such taxes in the future. The U.S. Supreme Court’s decision in South Dakota v. Wayfair, Inc. increasing states’ ability to assert taxing jurisdiction on out-of-state retailers could result in certain additional jurisdictions asserting that sales and use and other taxes are applicable, which could result in tax assessments, penalties, and interest, and we may be required to collect such taxes in the future.
Our ability to limit our liabilities by contract or through insurance may be ineffective or insufficient to cover our future liabilities.
We attempt to limit, by contract, our liability for damages arising from our negligence, errors, mistakes, or security breaches. Contractual limitations on liability, however, may not be enforceable or may otherwise not provide sufficient protection to us from liability for damages and we are not always able to negotiate meaningful limitations. We maintain liability insurance coverage, including coverage for cybersecurity and errors and omissions. It is possible, however, that claims could exceed the amount of our applicable insurance coverage, if any, or that this coverage may not continue to be available on acceptable terms or in sufficient amounts. Even if these claims do not result in liability to us, investigating and defending against them could be expensive and time-consuming and could divert management’s attention away from our operations. In addition, negative publicity caused by these events may delay market acceptance of our solutions and services, any of which could materially and adversely affect our reputation and our business.
Our business could be disrupted by catastrophic events such as power disruptions, data security breaches, and terrorism.
Natural disasters or other catastrophic events may cause damage or disruption to our operations, commerce, and the global economy, and thus could harm our business. In the event of a major earthquake, hurricane, fire, cyber-attack, war, terrorist attack, disease, such as COVID-19, power loss, telecommunications failure, or other catastrophic events, we may be unable to continue our operations, in part or in whole, and may endure reputational harm, breaches of data security, and loss of critical data, all of which could harm our business, results of operations, and financial condition. Our insurance coverage may not compensate us for losses that may occur in the event of an earthquake or other significant natural disaster, such as fires, floods, severe weather, droughts, and travel-related health concerns including pandemics and epidemics. In addition, acts of terrorism, including malicious internet-based activity, could cause disruptions to the internet or the economy as a whole. Even with our disaster recovery arrangements, access to our platform could be interrupted. If our systems were to fail or be negatively impacted as a result of a natural disaster or other event, our ability to deliver our platform and solution to our customers and members would be impaired or we could lose critical data. If we are unable to develop adequate plans to ensure that our business functions continue to operate during and after a disaster, and successfully execute on those plans in the event of a disaster or emergency, our business, financial condition, and results of operations would be harmed.
We have implemented a disaster recovery program that allows us to move website traffic to a backup data center in the event of a catastrophe. This allows us the ability to move traffic in the event of a problem, and the ability to recover in a short period of time. However, to the extent our disaster recovery program does not effectively support the movement of traffic in a timely or complete manner in the event of a catastrophe, our business and results of operations may be harmed.
We do not carry business interruption insurance sufficient to compensate us for the potentially significant losses, including the potential harm to our business, financial condition, and results of operations that may result from interruptions in access to our platform as a result of system failures.
As we grow our business, the need for business continuity planning and disaster recovery plans will grow in significance. If we are unable to develop adequate plans to ensure that our business functions continue to operate during and after a disaster, and successfully execute on those plans in the event of a disaster or emergency, our business and reputation would be harmed.
Our risk management policies and procedures may not be fully effective in mitigating our risk exposure in all market environments or against all types of risk.
We operate in a rapidly changing industry. Accordingly, our risk management policies and procedures may not be fully effective to identify, monitor, and manage all the risks our business encounters. If our policies and procedures are not fully effective or we are not successful in identifying and mitigating all risks to which we are or may be exposed, we may suffer uninsured liability, harm to our reputation, or be subject to litigation or regulatory actions that could adversely affect our business, financial condition, or results of operations.
Risks Related to Intellectual Property
We may not be able to halt the operations of entities that copy our intellectual property or that aggregate our data as well as data from other companies, including social networks, or copycat online services that may misappropriate our data. These activities could harm our brand and our business.
From time to time, third parties may try to access content or data from our networks through scraping, robots, or other means and use this content and data or combine this content and data with other content and data as part of their services. These activities could degrade our brand, negatively impact our website performance, and harm our business. We have employed contractual, technological, or legal measures in an attempt to halt unauthorized activities, but these measures may not be successful. In addition, if our members and customers do not comply with our terms of service, they also may be able to abuse our tools, solutions, and services and provide access to our solutions and content to unauthorized users. We may not be able to detect any or all of these types of activities in a timely manner and, even if we could, technological and legal measures may be insufficient to stop these actions. In some cases, particularly in the case of online services operating from outside of the United States, our available legal remedies may not be adequate to protect our business against such activities. Regardless of whether we can successfully enforce our rights against these parties, any measures that we may take could require us to expend significant financial or other resources.
Third parties may initiate legal proceedings alleging that we are infringing or otherwise violating their intellectual property rights, the outcome of which would be uncertain and could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
Our commercial success depends on our ability to develop and commercialize our services and use our proprietary technology without infringing the intellectual property or proprietary rights of third parties. From time to time, we may be subject to legal proceedings and claims in the ordinary course of business with respect to intellectual property. We are not currently subject to any material claims from third parties asserting infringement of their intellectual property rights.
Intellectual property disputes can be costly to defend and may cause our business, operating results, and financial condition to suffer. Whether merited or not, we have in the past and may in the future face allegations that we, our partners, our licensees, or parties indemnified by us have infringed or otherwise violated the patents, trademarks, copyrights, or other intellectual property rights of third parties. Such claims may be made by competitors seeking to obtain a competitive advantage or by other parties. Some third parties may be able to sustain the costs of complex litigation more effectively than we can because they have substantially greater resources. Even if resolved in our favor, litigation or other legal proceedings relating to intellectual property claims may cause us to incur significant expenses and could distract our technical and management personnel from their normal responsibilities. In addition, there could be public announcements of the results of hearings, motions, or other
interim proceedings or developments, and if securities analysts or investors perceive these results to be negative, it could have a material adverse effect on the price of our Class A common stock. Moreover, any uncertainties resulting from the initiation and continuation of any legal proceedings could have a material adverse effect on our ability to raise the funds necessary to continue our operations. Assertions by third parties that we violate their intellectual property rights could therefore have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
Additionally, in recent years, individuals and groups have begun purchasing intellectual property assets for the purpose of making claims of infringement and attempting to extract settlements from companies like ours. We may also face allegations that our employees have misappropriated the intellectual property or proprietary rights of their former employers or other third parties. It may be necessary for us to initiate litigation to defend ourselves in order to determine the scope, enforceability, and validity of third-party intellectual property or proprietary rights, or to establish our respective rights. In some cases, rather than licensing third party content, we rely on the doctrine of fair use as we incorporate excerpts of third party content in a curated content feed for our users, and we may face allegations that such use of third party content does not qualify to be treated as a fair use. Regardless of whether claims that we are infringing patents or other intellectual property rights have merit, such claims can be time-consuming, divert management’s attention and financial resources, and can be costly to evaluate and defend. Results of any such litigation are difficult to predict and may require us to stop commercializing or using our solutions or technology, obtain licenses, modify our services and technology while we develop non-infringing substitutes or incur substantial damages, settlement costs or face a temporary or permanent injunction prohibiting us from marketing or providing the affected solutions and services. If we require a third-party license, it may not be available on reasonable terms or at all, and we may have to pay substantial royalties, upfront fees, or grant cross-licenses to intellectual property rights for our solutions and services. We may also have to redesign our solutions or services so they do not infringe third-party intellectual property rights, which may not be possible or may require substantial monetary expenditures and time, during which our technology and solutions may not be available for commercialization or use. Even if we have an agreement to indemnify us against such costs, the indemnifying party may be unable to uphold its contractual obligations. If we cannot or do not obtain a third-party license to the infringed technology, license the technology on reasonable terms, or obtain similar technology from another source, our revenue and earnings could be adversely impacted.
In addition, because patent applications can take years to issue and are often afforded confidentiality for some period of time there may currently be pending applications, unknown to us, that later result in issued patents that could cover one or more of our solutions.
Failure to maintain, protect, or enforce our intellectual property rights could harm our business and results of operations.
We pursue the registration of our domain names, trademarks, and service marks in the United States. We also strive to protect our intellectual property rights by relying on federal, state, and common law rights, as well as contractual restrictions. We typically enter into confidentiality and invention assignment agreements with our employees and contractors, and confidentiality agreements with parties with whom we conduct business in order to limit access to, and disclosure and use of, our proprietary information. However, we may not be successful in executing these agreements with every party who has access to our confidential information or contributes to the development of our technology or intellectual property rights. Those agreements that we do execute may be breached, and we may not have adequate remedies for any such breach. These contractual arrangements and the other steps we have taken to protect our intellectual property rights may not prevent the misappropriation or disclosure of our proprietary information nor deter independent development of similar technology or intellectual property by others.
Effective trade secret, patent, copyright, trademark, and domain name protection is expensive to obtain, develop, and maintain, both in terms of initial and ongoing registration or prosecution requirements and expenses and the costs of defending our rights. We have invested in and may, over time, increase our investment in protecting our intellectual property through patent filings that could be expensive and time-consuming. Our trademarks and other intellectual property rights may be challenged by others or invalidated through administrative process or litigation. We have not yet obtained any issued patents that provide protection for our technology or products, and
we cannot guarantee that any of our pending patent applications will result in any issued patents. Moreover, any issued patents we obtain may not provide us with a competitive advantage and, as with any technology, competitors may be able to develop similar or superior technologies to our own, now or in the future. In addition, due to a recent U.S. Supreme Court case, it has become increasingly difficult to obtain and assert patents relating to software or business methods, as many such patents have been invalidated for being too abstract to constitute patent-eligible subject matter. We do not know whether this will affect our ability to obtain patents on our innovations, or successfully assert any patents we may pursue in litigation or pre-litigation campaigns.
Monitoring unauthorized use of the content on our apps and websites, and our other intellectual property and technology, is difficult and costly. Our efforts to protect our proprietary rights and intellectual property may not have been and may not be adequate to prevent their misappropriation or misuse. Third parties, including our competitors, could be infringing, misappropriating, or otherwise violating our intellectual property rights. We may not be successful in stopping unauthorized use of our content or other intellectual property or technology. Further, we may not have been and may not be able to detect unauthorized use of our technology or intellectual property, or to take appropriate steps to enforce our intellectual property rights. Any inability to meaningfully enforce our intellectual property rights could harm our ability to compete and reduce demand for our solutions and services. Our competitors may also independently develop similar technology. Effective patent, trademark, copyright, and trade secret protection may not be available to us in every jurisdiction in which our solutions or technology are hosted or available. Further, legal standards relating to the validity, enforceability, and scope of protection of intellectual property rights are uncertain. The laws in the United States and elsewhere change rapidly, and any future changes could adversely affect us and our intellectual property. Our failure to meaningfully protect our intellectual property rights could result in competitors offering solutions that incorporate our most technologically advanced features, which could reduce demand for our solutions.
We may find it necessary or appropriate to initiate claims or litigation to enforce our intellectual property rights, protect our trade secrets, or determine the validity and scope of intellectual property rights claimed by others. In any lawsuit we bring to enforce our intellectual property rights, a court may refuse to stop the other party from using the technology at issue on grounds that our intellectual property rights do not cover the use or technology in question. Further, in such proceedings, the defendant could counterclaim that our intellectual property is invalid or unenforceable and the court may agree, in which case we could lose valuable intellectual property rights. Litigation is inherently uncertain and any litigation of this nature, regardless of outcome or merit, could result in substantial costs and diversion of management and technical resources, any of which could adversely affect our business and results of operations. If we fail to maintain, protect, and enforce our intellectual property, our business and results of operations may be harmed.
The laws of some foreign countries do not protect intellectual property rights to the same extent as the laws of the United States. Many companies have encountered significant problems in protecting and defending intellectual property rights in certain foreign jurisdictions. The legal systems of some countries, particularly developing countries, do not favor the enforcement of intellectual property protection. This could make it difficult for us to stop the infringement or misappropriation of our intellectual property rights. Proceedings to enforce our intellectual property in foreign jurisdictions could result in substantial costs and divert our efforts and attention from other aspects of our business. In addition, changes in the law and legal decisions by courts in the United States and foreign countries may affect our ability to obtain adequate protection for our technology and the enforcement of intellectual property.
If our trademarks and trade names are not adequately protected, we may not be able to build name recognition in our markets of interest and our business may be adversely affected.
We believe that our brand is critical to the success of our business, and we utilize trademark registration and other means to protect it. Our business would be harmed if we were unable to protect our brand against infringement and its value was to decrease as a result.
The registered or unregistered trademarks or trade names that we own or license may be challenged, infringed, circumvented, declared generic, lapsed, or determined to be infringing on or dilutive of other marks. We may not be able to protect our rights in these trademarks and trade names, which we need in order to build name recognition
with potential partners. In addition, third parties may in the future file for registration of trademarks similar or identical to our trademarks. If they succeed in registering or developing common law rights in such trademarks, and if we are not successful in challenging such third-party rights, we may not be able to use these trademarks to commercialize our technologies or solutions in certain relevant countries. If we are unable to establish name recognition based on our trademarks and trade names, we may not be able to compete effectively and our business may be adversely affected.
If we are unable to protect the confidentiality of our trade secrets, our business and competitive position could be harmed.
We rely heavily on trade secrets and confidentiality agreements to protect our unpatented know-how, technology, and other proprietary information, including our technology platform, and to maintain our competitive position. With respect to our technology platform, we consider trade secrets and know-how to be one of our primary sources of intellectual property. However, trade secrets and know-how can be difficult to protect. We seek to protect these trade secrets and other proprietary technology in part by entering into non-disclosure and confidentiality agreements with parties who have access to them, such as our employees, corporate collaborators, outside contractors, consultants, advisors, and other third parties. We also enter into confidentiality and invention or patent assignment agreements with our employees and consultants. The confidentiality agreements are designed to protect our proprietary information and, in the case of agreements or clauses containing invention assignment, to grant us ownership of technologies that are developed through a relationship with employees or third parties. We cannot guarantee that we have entered into such agreements with each party that may have or have had access to our trade secrets or proprietary information, including our technology and processes. Despite these efforts, no assurance can be given that the confidentiality agreements we enter into will be effective in controlling access to such proprietary information and trade secrets. The confidentiality agreements on which we rely to protect certain technologies may be breached, may not be adequate to protect our confidential information, trade secrets, and proprietary technologies and may not provide an adequate remedy in the event of unauthorized use or disclosure of our confidential information, trade secrets, or proprietary technology. Further, these agreements do not prevent our competitors or others from independently developing the same or similar technologies and processes, which may allow them to provide a service similar or superior to ours, which could harm our competitive position.
Enforcing a claim that a party illegally disclosed or misappropriated a trade secret is difficult, expensive, and time-consuming, and the outcome is unpredictable. In addition, some courts inside and outside the United States are less willing or unwilling to protect trade secrets. If any of our trade secrets were to be lawfully obtained or independently developed by a competitor or other third party, we would have no right to prevent them from using that technology or information to compete with us. If any of our trade secrets were to be disclosed to or independently developed by a competitor or other third party, it could harm our competitive position, business, financial condition, results of operations, and prospects.
Our solutions utilize open source software, and any failure to comply with the terms of one or more of these open source licenses could adversely affect our business.
Our solutions include software covered by open source licenses. The terms of various open source licenses have not been interpreted by U.S. courts, and there is a risk that such licenses could be construed in a manner that imposes unanticipated conditions or restrictions on our ability to market our solutions. By the terms of certain open source licenses, we could be required to release the source code of our proprietary software, and to make our proprietary software available under open source licenses, if we combine our proprietary software with open source software in a certain manner. In the event that portions of our proprietary software are determined to be subject to an open source license, we could be required to publicly release the affected portions of our source code, re-engineer all or a portion of our solutions, or otherwise be limited in the licensing of our solutions, each of which could reduce or eliminate the value of our solutions and services. In addition to risks related to license requirements, usage of open source software can lead to greater risks than use of third-party commercial software, as open source licensors generally do not provide non-infringement warranties or warranties related to the performance or suitability of the software. Many of the risks associated with usage of open source software cannot be eliminated and could adversely affect our business.
If we fail to comply with our obligations under license or technology agreements with third parties, we may be required to pay damages and we could lose license rights that are critical to our business.
We license certain intellectual property, including technologies and software from third parties, that is important to our business, and in the future we may enter into additional agreements that provide us with licenses to valuable intellectual property or technology. If we fail to comply with any of the obligations under our license agreements, we may be required to pay damages and the licensor may have the right to terminate the license. Termination by the licensor would cause us to lose valuable rights, and could prevent us from selling our solutions and services, or adversely impact our ability to commercialize future solutions and services. Our business would suffer if any current or future licenses terminate, if the licensors fail to abide by the terms of the license, if the licensors fail to enforce licensed patents against infringing third parties, if the licensed intellectual property are found to be invalid or unenforceable, or if we are unable to enter into necessary licenses on acceptable terms. In addition, our rights to certain technologies are licensed to us on a non-exclusive basis. The owners of these non-exclusively licensed technologies are therefore free to license them to third parties, including our competitors, on terms that may be superior to those offered to us, which could place us at a competitive disadvantage. Moreover, our licensors may own or control intellectual property that has not been licensed to us and, as a result, we may be subject to claims, regardless of their merit, that we are infringing or otherwise violating the licensor’s rights. In addition, the agreements under which we license intellectual property or technology from third parties are generally complex, and certain provisions in such agreements may be susceptible to multiple interpretations. The resolution of any contract interpretation disagreement that may arise could narrow what we believe to be the scope of our rights to the relevant intellectual property or technology, or increase what we believe to be our financial or other obligations under the relevant agreement. Any of the foregoing could harm our competitive position, business, financial condition, results of operations, and prospects.
If we cannot license rights to use technologies on reasonable terms, we may not be able to commercialize new solutions or services in the future.
In the future, we may identify additional third-party intellectual property we may need to license in order to engage in our business, including to develop or commercialize new solutions or services. However, such licenses may not be available on acceptable terms or at all. The licensing or acquisition of third-party intellectual property rights is a competitive area, and several more established companies may pursue strategies to license or acquire third-party intellectual property rights that we may consider attractive or necessary. These established companies may have a competitive advantage over us due to their size, capital resources, and greater development or commercialization capabilities. In addition, companies that perceive us to be a competitor may be unwilling to assign or license rights to us. Even if such licenses are available, we may be required to pay the licensor substantial royalties based on sales of our solutions and services. Such royalties are a component of the cost of our solutions or services and may affect the margins on our solutions and services. In addition, such licenses may be non-exclusive, which could give our competitors access to the same intellectual property licensed to us. If we are unable to enter into the necessary licenses on acceptable terms or at all, if any necessary licenses are subsequently terminated, if our licensors fail to abide by the terms of the licenses, if our licensors fail to prevent infringement by third parties, or if the licensed intellectual property rights are found to be invalid or unenforceable, our business, financial condition, results of operations, and prospects could be affected. If licenses to third-party intellectual property rights are, or become required for us, to engage in our business, the rights may be non-exclusive, which could give our competitors access to the same technology or intellectual property rights licensed to us. Moreover, we could encounter delays and other obstacles in our attempt to develop alternatives. Defense of any lawsuit or failure to obtain any of these licenses on favorable terms could prevent us from commercializing solutions and services, which could harm our competitive position, business, financial condition, results of operations, and prospects.
We rely on third-party platforms, such as the Apple App Store and Google Play App Store, to distribute our platform and offerings.
Our apps are accessed and operate through third-party platforms or marketplaces, including the Apple App Store and Google Play App Store, which also serve as significant online distribution platforms for our apps. As a result, the expansion and prospects of our business and our apps depend on our continued relationships with these providers and any other emerging platform providers that are widely adopted by consumers. We are subject to the
standard terms and conditions that these providers have for application developers, which govern the content, promotion, distribution, and operation of apps on their platforms or marketplaces, and which the providers can change unilaterally on short or no notice. Our business would be harmed if the providers discontinue or limit our access to their platforms or marketplaces; the platforms or marketplaces decline in popularity; the platforms modify their algorithms, communication channels available to developers, respective terms of service or other policies, including fees; the providers adopt changes or updates to their technology that impede integration with other software systems or otherwise require us to modify our technology or update our apps in order to ensure that consumers can continue to access and use our platform.
If alternative providers increase in popularity, we could be adversely impacted if we fail to create compatible versions of our apps in a timely manner, or if we fail to establish a relationship with such alternative providers. Likewise, if our current providers alter their operating platforms, we could be adversely impacted as our offerings may not be compatible with the altered platforms or may require significant and costly modifications in order to become compatible. If our providers do not perform their obligations in accordance with our platform agreements, we could be adversely impacted.
In the past, some of these platforms or marketplaces have been unavailable for short periods of time. If this or a similar event were to occur on a short- or long-term basis, or if these platforms or marketplaces otherwise experience issues that impact the ability of consumers to download or access our apps and other information, it could have a material adverse effect on our brand and reputation, as well as our business, financial condition, and operating results.
Risks Related to the Healthcare Industry
The healthcare regulatory and political framework is uncertain and evolving.
Healthcare laws and regulations are rapidly evolving and may change significantly in the future, which could adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations. On March 9, 2020, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, or HHS, Office of the National Coordinator for Health Information Technology, or ONC, and CMS promulgated final rules aimed at supporting seamless and secure access, exchange, and use of electronic health information, or EHI, by increasing innovation and competition by giving patients and their healthcare providers secure access to health information and new tools, allowing for more choice in care and treatment. The final rules are intended to clarify and operationalize provisions of the 21st Century Cures Act, or Cures Act, regarding interoperability and “information blocking,” and create significant new requirements for healthcare industry participants. Information blocking is defined as activity that is likely to interfere with, prevent, or materially discourage access, exchange, or use of EHI, where a health information technology developer, health information network, or health information exchange knows or should know that such practice is likely to interfere with access to, exchange, or use of EHI. The new rules create significant new requirements for healthcare industry participants, and require certain electronic health record technology to incorporate standardized application programming interfaces, or APIs, to allow individuals to securely and easily access structured EHI using smartphone applications. The ONC will also implement provisions of the Cures Act requiring that patients can electronically access all of their EHI (structured and/or unstructured) at no cost. Finally, to further support access and exchange of EHI, the final ONC rule implements the information blocking provisions of the Cures Act and identified eight “reasonable and necessary activities” as exceptions to information blocking activities, as long as specific conditions are met. Pursuant to the final rule, health IT developers will be subject to requirements such as prohibitions on participating in any action that constitutes information blocking, providing certification to the Secretary of HHS that they will not take actions that constitute information blocking, and other requirements regarding information blocking six months from when the final rule is published in the Federal Register. Certified API Developers must comply with new administrative requirements within six months of when the rule is published in the Federal Register and must provide all certified API technology within twenty-four months after publication of the rule in the Federal Register
In light of the COVID-19 public health emergency, on October 29, 2020, HHS published an interim final rule delaying the effective date of compliance with the final information blocking and Conditions and Maintenance of Certification portions of the rule beyond the enforcement discretion period that was initially announced. Pursuant to the interim final rule, health IT developers will be subject to requirements such as prohibitions on participating in
any action that constitutes information blocking, providing certification to the Secretary of HHS that they will not take actions that constitute information blocking, and other requirements regarding information blocking beginning April 5, 2021. Certified API Developers must comply with new administrative requirements beginning April 5, 2021 and must provide all certified API technology December 31, 2022.
The final CMS rule focuses on patients enrolled in Medicare Advantage plans, Medicaid and Children’s Health Insurance Program (CHIP) fee-for-service programs, Medicaid managed care plans, CHIP managed care entities, and qualified health plans on the federally-facilitated exchanges, and enacts measures to enable patients to have both their clinical and administrative information travel with them. By January 1, 2021, payors must make patient data dating back to January 1, 2016 available through an API. As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic and to provide additional flexibility to payors, CMS will exercise enforcement discretion for a period of six months in connection with the Patient Access API and Provider Directory API provisions of the final CMS rule and therefore will not enforce these new requirements until July 1, 2021.
These rules constitute a significant departure from previous regulations regarding patient data. These rules may benefit us in that certain electronic health record, or EHR, vendors will no longer be permitted to interfere with our attempts at integration, but the rules may also make it easier for other similar companies to enter the market, creating increased competition and reducing our market share. It is unclear at this time what the costs of compliance with the final rules will be, and what additional risks there may be to our business.
In addition to the implementation of the Cures Act, certain regulatory changes that have occurred in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, have created opportunities for us. For example, many states have expanded Medicare and commercial reimbursement for telehealth, in many cases at parity with brick and mortar services and with $0 co-pay. However, if states do not maintain this reimbursement parity after the pandemic, this could lower usage of our network. In addition, OCR has announced that they will not impose penalties for noncompliance with the regulatory requirements under the HIPAA Rules for covered healthcare providers in connection with good faith provision of telehealth during the COVID-19 nationwide public health emergency. However, if this enforcement discretion is rescinded and if other changes are rolled back after the pandemic, such changes could negatively impact usage on our network.
Consolidation in the healthcare industry could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
Many healthcare industry participants are consolidating to create larger and more integrated healthcare delivery systems with greater market power. We expect regulatory and economic conditions to result in additional consolidation in the healthcare industry in the future. As consolidation accelerates, the economies of scale of our customers’ organizations may grow. If a customer experiences sizable growth following consolidation, it may determine that it no longer needs to rely on us and may reduce its demand for our solutions and services. In addition, as healthcare providers and life sciences companies consolidate to create larger and more integrated healthcare delivery systems with greater market power, these providers may try to use their market power to negotiate fee reductions for our solutions and services. Finally, consolidation may also result in the acquisition or future development by our healthcare provider and life sciences customers of solutions and services that compete with our solutions and services. Any of these potential results of consolidation could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
If we or our customers fail to comply with federal and state healthcare laws, including those governing fee splitting, our business, and financial relationships, we or our customers may be subject to significant administrative, civil, and criminal penalties.
As a participant in the healthcare industry, our operations and relationships, and those of our customers, are regulated by a number of federal, state, and local governmental entities. The impact of these regulations can adversely affect us even though we may not be directly regulated by certain specific healthcare laws and regulations. We must ensure that our solutions and services can be used by our customers in a manner that complies with those laws and regulations. Inability of our customers to do so could affect the marketability of our solutions and services
or our compliance with our customer contracts, or even expose us to direct liability under the theory that we had assisted our customers in a violation of healthcare laws or regulations.
For example, many states limit the scope of business relationships between business entities and medical professionals, particularly with respect to fee splitting. While many states’ fee-splitting laws only prohibit a physician from sharing medical fees with a referral source, some states have interpreted certain management agreements between business entities and physicians as unlawful fee-splitting. Statutes and regulations relating to the practice of medicine, fee-splitting, and similar issues vary widely from state to state. Because these laws are often vague, their application is frequently dependent on court rulings and attorney general opinions. Some of these requirements may apply to us even if we do not have a physical presence in the state, based solely on our agreements with providers licensed in the state. However, regulatory authorities or other parties, including our providers, may assert that we are engaged in the corporate practice of medicine or that our contractual arrangements with our provider customers constitute unlawful fee splitting. These laws generally prohibit us from exercising control over the medical judgments or decisions of physicians and non-physician healthcare providers and from engaging in certain financial arrangements, such as splitting professional fees with healthcare providers. In this event, failure to comply could lead to adverse judicial or administrative action against us and/or our provider customers, civil or criminal penalties, receipt of cease and desist orders from state regulators, loss of provider licenses, the need to make changes to the terms of engagement of our provider customers that interfere with our business and other materially adverse consequences. Further, certain laws may apply to us indirectly through our relationships with healthcare professionals. For example, certain federal and state anti-kickback and false claims laws may apply to us indirectly through our arrangements with healthcare professionals and entities.
These laws and regulations may change rapidly, and it is frequently unclear how they apply to our business. Any failure of our solutions or services to comply with these laws and regulations could result in substantial administrative, civil, or criminal liability and could, among other things, adversely affect demand for our services, force us to expend significant capital, research and development, and other resources to address the failure, invalidate all or portions of some of our contracts with our customers, require us to change or terminate some portions of our business, require us to refund portions of our revenue, cause us to be disqualified from serving customers doing business with government payors, and give our customers the right to terminate our contracts with them, any one of which could have an adverse effect on our business. Even an unsuccessful challenge by regulatory authorities of our activities could result in adverse publicity and could require a costly response from us.
Our solutions address heavily regulated functions within the life sciences industry, and failure to comply with applicable laws and regulations could lessen the demand for our solutions or subject us to significant claims and losses.
Our customers use our solutions for business activities that are subject to a complex regime of laws and regulations, including requirements regarding processing of health data (as set forth in 45 CFR Part 164 of HIPAA), and other state, local, and federal laws and regulations. Our solutions are expected to be capable of use by our customers in compliance with such laws and regulations. Our efforts to provide solutions that comply with such laws and regulations are time-consuming and costly and include validation procedures that may delay the release of new versions of our solutions. As these laws and regulations change over time, we may find it difficult to adjust our solutions to comply with such changes.
As we increase the number of solutions we offer, the complexity of adjusting our solutions to comply with legal and regulatory changes will increase. If we are unable to effectively manage this increase or if we are not able to provide solutions that can be used in compliance with applicable laws and regulations, customers may be unwilling to use our solutions and any such non-compliance could result in the termination of our customer agreements or claims arising from such agreements with our customers.
Additionally, any failure of our customers to comply with laws and regulations applicable to the functions for which our solutions are used could result in fines, penalties, or claims for substantial damages against our customers that may harm our business or reputation. If such failure were allegedly caused by our solutions or services, our customers may make a claim for damages against us, regardless of our responsibility for the failure. We may be subject to lawsuits that, even if unsuccessful, could divert our resources and our management’s attention and
adversely affect our business and customer relationships, and our insurance coverage may not be sufficient to cover such claims against us.
Evolving government regulations may require increased costs or adversely affect our results of operations.
In a regulatory climate that is uncertain, our operations may be subject to direct and indirect adoption, expansion, or reinterpretation of various laws and regulations. There could be laws and regulations applicable to our business that we have not identified or that, if changed, may be costly to us, and we cannot predict all the ways in which implementation of such laws and regulations may affect us.
Further, we cannot predict the likelihood, nature, or extent of health reform initiatives that may arise from future legislation or administrative action, particularly as a result of the new Presidential administration. The introduction of new solutions may require us to comply with additional, yet undetermined, laws and regulations. In addition, it is possible that additional governmental action is taken in response to the COVID-19 pandemic.
In the event that we must modify our operations to comply with future laws, such modifications may undermine our existing and future offerings' attractiveness to customers, and our revenue may decline and our business, financial condition, and results of operations could be adversely affected.
Risks Related to This Offering and Ownership of Our Class A Common Stock
There has been no prior market for our Class A common stock. An active market may not develop or be sustained, and investors may be unable to resell their shares at or above the initial public offering price.
There has been no public market for our Class A common stock prior to this offering. The initial public offering price for our Class A common stock will be determined through negotiations between the representatives of the underwriters and us and may vary from the market price of our Class A common stock following the completion of this offering. An active or liquid market in our Class A common stock may not develop upon completion of this offering or, if it does develop, it may not be sustainable. In the absence of an active trading market for our Class A common stock, you may not be able to resell those shares at or above the initial public offering price or at all. We cannot predict the prices at which our Class A common stock will trade.
Our stock price may be volatile or may decline regardless of our operating performance, resulting in substantial losses for investors purchasing shares in this offering.
The market price of our Class A common stock may fluctuate significantly in response to numerous factors, many of which are beyond our control, including:
•actual or anticipated fluctuations in our financial conditions and results of operations;
•the financial projections we may provide to the public, any changes in these projections, or our failure to meet these projections;
•failure of securities analysts to initiate or maintain coverage of our company, changes in financial estimates or ratings by any securities analysts who follow our company, or our failure to meet these estimates or the expectations of investors;
•announcements by us or our competitors of significant technical innovations, acquisitions, strategic partnerships, joint ventures, results of operations, or capital commitments;
•changes in stock market valuations and operating performance of other healthcare and technology companies generally, or those in our industry in particular;
•price and volume fluctuations in the overall stock market, including as a result of trends in the economy as a whole;
•changes in our board of directors or management;
•sales of large blocks of our Class A common stock, including sales by certain affiliates of Jeff Tangney, Emergence Capital Partners II, L.P., or Emergence Capital Partners, InterWest Partners X, L.P., or InterWest Partners, and Morgenthaler Venture Partners IX, L.P., or Morgenthaler Ventures, or our executive officers and directors;
•lawsuits threatened or filed against us;
•anticipated or actual changes in laws, regulations, or government policies applicable to our business;
•changes in our capital structure, such as future issuances of debt or equity securities;
•short sales, hedging, and other derivative transactions involving our capital stock;
•general economic conditions in the United States.;
•“flash crashes,” “freeze flashes,” or other glitches that disrupt trading on the securities exchange on which we are listed;
•other events or factors, including those resulting from war, pandemics (including the COVID-19 pandemic), incidents of terrorism, or responses to these events; and
•the other factors described in the sections of this prospectus titled “Risk Factors” and “Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements.”
The stock market has recently experienced extreme price and volume fluctuations. The market prices of securities of companies have experienced fluctuations that often have been unrelated or disproportionate to their results of operations. Market fluctuations could result in extreme volatility in the price of shares of our Class A common stock, which could cause a decline in the value of your investment. Price volatility may be greater if the public float and trading volume of shares of our Class A common stock is low. Furthermore, in the past, stockholders have sometimes instituted securities class action litigation against companies following periods of volatility in the market price of their securities. Any similar litigation against us could result in substantial costs, divert management’s attention and resources, and harm our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
The dual class structure of our common stock will have the effect of concentrating voting control with our executive officers (including our Chief Executive Officer) and directors and their affiliates; this will limit or preclude your ability to influence corporate matters.
Our Class B common stock has ten votes per share, and our Class A common stock, which is the stock we are offering in this offering, has one vote per share. Stockholders who hold shares of Class B common stock, including our executive officers and directors and their affiliates, will together hold approximately 98.5% of the voting power of our outstanding capital stock following this offering, assuming no exercise of the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares. Because of the ten-to-one voting ratio between our Class B common stock and Class A common stock, the holders of our Class B common stock collectively will continue to control a substantial majority of the combined voting power of our common stock following this offering and therefore, assuming no material sales of such shares, will be able to control all matters submitted to our stockholders for approval until ten years from the date of this prospectus, including the election of directors, amendments of our organizational documents, and any merger, consolidation, sale of all or substantially all of our assets, or other major corporate transaction. This concentrated control will limit or preclude your ability to influence corporate matters for the foreseeable future. In addition, this may prevent or discourage unsolicited acquisition proposals or offers for our capital stock that you may feel are in your best interest as one of our stockholders. See “Principal and Selling Stockholders” and “Description of Capital Stock.” Future transfers by holders of Class B common stock will generally result in those shares converting to Class A common stock, subject to limited exceptions, such as certain transfers effected for estate planning purposes. The conversion of Class B common stock to Class A common stock will have the effect, over time, of increasing the relative voting power of those holders of Class B common stock who retain their shares in the long term. If, for example, our executive officers (including our Chief Executive Officer), employees, directors and their affiliates retain a significant portion of their holdings of Class B common stock for an extended
period of time, they could, in the future, continue to control a majority of the combined voting power of our Class A common stock and Class B common stock. For a description of the dual class structure, see “Description of Capital Stock.”
Purchasers in this offering will immediately experience substantial dilution in the net tangible book value of their investment.
The initial public offering price of our Class A common stock is substantially higher than the pro forma net tangible book value per share of our Class A common stock immediately following the closing of this offering. Therefore, if you purchase shares of our Class A common stock in this offering at the assumed initial public offering price of $21.50 per share, which is the midpoint of the estimated offering price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, you will experience immediate dilution of $18.73 per share, the difference between the price per share you pay for our Class A common stock and the pro forma net tangible book value per share as of March 31, 2021, after giving effect to the issuance of shares of our Class A common stock in this offering. See the section titled “Dilution” for additional information.
Future sales and issuances of our Class A common stock or rights to purchase Class A common stock, including pursuant to our equity incentive plans, could result in additional dilution of the percentage ownership of our stockholders and could cause the stock price of our Class A common stock to decline.
In the future, we may sell Class A common stock, convertible securities, or other equity securities in one or more transactions at prices and in a manner we determine from time to time. We expect to issue securities to employees and directors pursuant to our equity incentive plans. If we sell common stock, convertible securities, or other equity securities in subsequent transactions, or common stock is issued pursuant to equity incentive plans, our investors may be materially diluted. New investors in such subsequent transactions could gain rights, preferences, and privileges senior to those of holders of our common stock, including our Class A common.
Participation in this offering by our existing stockholders and/or their affiliated entities may reduce the public float for our shares.
To the extent certain of our existing stockholders and their affiliated entities participate in this offering, such purchases would reduce the non-affiliate public float of our shares, meaning the number of shares of our common stock that are not held by officers, directors and controlling stockholders. A reduction in the public float could reduce the number of shares that are available to be traded at any given time, thereby adversely impacting the liquidity of our common stock and depressing the price at which you may be able to sell shares of Class A common stock purchased in this offering.
If a substantial number of shares become available for sale and are sold in a short period of time, the market price of our Class A common stock could decline.
If our existing stockholders sell substantial amounts of our Class A common stock in the public market following this offering, the market price of our Class A common stock could decrease significantly. The perception in the public market that our existing stockholders might sell shares of Class A common stock could also depress our market price. Our executive officers and directors and certain of our stockholders are subject to the lock-up agreements described under “Underwriting” and the Rule 144 holding period requirements described under “Shares Eligible for Future Sale.” After these lock-up periods have expired, the holding periods have elapsed and, in the case of restricted stock, the shares have vested, additional shares will be eligible for sale in the public market. The market price of shares of our Class A common stock may drop significantly when the restrictions on resale by our existing stockholders lapse. A decline in the price of shares of our Class A common stock might impede our ability to raise capital through the issuance of additional shares of our Class A common stock or other equity securities.
In addition, following the expiration of the lock-up agreements referred to above, certain stockholders will be entitled, under our investors’ rights agreement, to require us to register shares owned by them for public sale in the United States. We also expect to file a registration statement to register shares reserved for future issuance under our equity compensation plans. As a result, subject to the satisfaction of applicable exercise periods and the expiration or waiver of lock-up agreements referred to above, the shares issued upon exercise of outstanding stock options will be
available for immediate resale in the United States in the open market. Sales of our Class A common stock as restrictions end or pursuant to registration rights may make it more difficult for us to sell equity securities in the future at a time and at a price that we deem appropriate. These sales could also cause the trading price of our Class A common stock to fall and make it more difficult for you to sell shares of our Class A common stock.
Additionally, certain of our employees, executive officers, and directors may enter into Rule 10b5-1 trading plans providing for sales of shares of our Class A common stock from time to time. Under a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan, a broker executes trades pursuant to parameters established by the employee, director, or officer when entering into the plan, without further direction from the employee, officer, or director. A Rule 10b5-1 trading plan may be amended or terminated in some circumstances. Our employees, executive officers, and directors also may buy or sell additional shares outside of a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan when they are not in possession of material, nonpublic information, subject to the expiration of the lock-up agreements and Rule 144 requirements referred to above.
If securities or industry analysts do not publish research or reports about our business, or they publish negative reports about our business, our share price and trading volume could decline.
The trading market for our Class A common stock will depend in part on the research and reports that securities or industry analysts publish about us or our business, our market, and our competitors. We do not have any control over these analysts. If one or more of the analysts who cover us downgrade our shares or publish negative views on us or our shares, our share price would likely decline. If one or more of these analysts cease coverage of our company or fail to regularly publish reports on us, we could lose visibility in the financial markets, which could cause our share price or trading volume to decline.
We have broad discretion in the use of the net proceeds from this offering and may not use them effectively.
Our management has broad discretion in the application of the net proceeds from this offering, including for working capital and other general corporate purposes, and we may spend or invest these proceeds in a way with which our stockholders disagree. Because of the number and variability of factors that will determine our use of the net proceeds from this offering, their ultimate use may vary substantially from their currently intended use.
The failure by our management to apply these funds effectively could harm our business. Pending their use, we may invest such proceeds in a manner that does not produce income or that loses value, which may negatively impact the market price of our Class A common stock.
Delaware law and provisions in our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws could make a merger, tender offer, or proxy contest more difficult, limit attempts by our stockholders to replace or remove our current management and limit the market price of our Class A common stock.
Certain provisions in our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws will contain provisions that may make the acquisition of our company more difficult, including the following:
•amendments to certain provisions of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation or amendments to our amended and restated bylaws will generally require the approval of at least 66 2/3% of the voting power of our outstanding capital stock;
•our dual class common stock structure, which provides certain affiliates of Jeff Tangney, Emergence Capital Partners, InterWest Partners, and Morgenthaler Ventures individually or together, with the ability to significantly influence the outcome of matters requiring stockholder approval, even if they own significantly less than a majority of the shares of our outstanding Class A common stock and Class B common stock;
•our staggered board;
•at any time when the holders of our Class B common stock no longer beneficially own, in the aggregate, at least the majority of the voting power of our outstanding capital stock, our stockholders will only be able to take action at a meeting of stockholders and will not be able to take action by written consent for any matter;
•our amended and restated certificate of incorporation will not provide for cumulative voting;
•vacancies on our board of directors will be able to be filled only by our board of directors and not by stockholders, subject to the rights granted pursuant to the stockholders agreement;
•a special meeting of our stockholders may only be called by the chairperson of our board of directors or our Chief Executive Officer, as applicable, or a majority of our board of directors;
•restrict the forum for certain litigation against us to Delaware or the federal courts, as applicable;
•our amended and restated certificate of incorporation will authorize undesignated preferred stock, the terms of which may be established and shares of which may be issued without further action by our stockholders; and
•advance notice procedures apply for stockholders (other than the parties to our stockholders agreement) to nominate candidates for election as directors or to bring matters before an annual meeting of stockholders.
Moreover, Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law may discourage, delay or prevent a change in control of our company. Section 203 imposes certain restrictions on mergers, business combinations and other transactions between us and holders of 15% or more of our common stock. See the section titled “Description of Capital Stock” for additional information.
These provisions, alone or together, could discourage, delay or prevent a transaction involving a change in control of our company. These provisions could also discourage proxy contests and make it more difficult for stockholders to elect directors of their choosing and to cause us to take other corporate actions they desire, any of which, under certain circumstances, could limit the opportunity for our stockholders to receive a premium for their shares of our Class A common stock, and could also affect the price that some investors are willing to pay for our Class A common stock.
Our amended and restated bylaws will designate specific state or federal courts located as the exclusive forum for certain litigation that may be initiated by our stockholders, which could limit stockholders’ ability to obtain a favorable judicial forum for disputes with us.
Our amended and restated bylaws will provide that, unless we consent in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, to the fullest extent permitted by law, the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware will be the sole and exclusive forum for any state law claims for:
•any derivative action or proceeding brought on our behalf;
•any action asserting a claim of breach of fiduciary duty owed by any of our directors, officers or other employees to us or our stockholders;
•any action asserting a claim arising pursuant to the Delaware General Corporation Law, our amended and restated certificate of incorporation or our amended and restated bylaws; or
•any action asserting a claim that is governed by the internal affairs doctrine, or the Delaware Forum Provision.
The Delaware Forum Provision will not apply to any causes of action arising under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act, or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, or the Exchange Act. Further, our amended and restated bylaws will provide that, unless we consent in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the federal district courts of the United States will be the sole and exclusive forum for resolving any complaint asserting a cause of action arising under the Securities Act, or the Federal Forum Provision. In addition, our amended and restated bylaws provide that any person or entity purchasing or otherwise acquiring any interest in shares of our capital stock is deemed to have notice of and consented to the Delaware Forum Provision and the Federal Forum Provision; provided, however, that stockholders cannot and will not be deemed to have waived our compliance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the rules and regulations thereunder.
The Delaware Forum Provision and the Federal Forum Provision in our amended and restated bylaws may impose additional litigation costs on stockholders in pursuing any such claims. Additionally, these forum selection clauses may limit our stockholders’ ability to bring a claim in a judicial forum that they find favorable for disputes with us or our directors, officers or employees, which may discourage the filing of lawsuits against us and our directors, officers and employees, even though an action, if successful, might benefit our stockholders. In addition, while the Delaware Supreme Court ruled in March 2020 that federal forum selection provisions purporting to require claims under the Securities Act be brought in federal court are “facially valid” under Delaware law, there is uncertainty as to whether other courts will enforce our Federal Forum Provision. If the Federal Forum Provision is found to be unenforceable, we may incur additional costs associated with resolving such matters. The Federal Forum Provision may also impose additional litigation costs on stockholders who assert that the provision is not enforceable or invalid. The Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware and the federal district courts of the United States may also reach different judgments or results than would other courts, including courts where a stockholder considering an action may be located or would otherwise choose to bring the action, and such judgments may be more or less favorable to us than our stockholders.
We do not intend to pay dividends for the foreseeable future.
We currently intend to retain any future earnings to finance the operation and expansion of our business and we do not expect to declare or pay any dividends in the foreseeable future. In addition, Delaware law may impose requirements that may restrict our ability to pay dividends to holders of our common stock. As a result, stockholders must rely on sales of their Class A common stock after price appreciation as the only way to realize any future gains on their investment.
We could be subject to securities class action litigation.
In the past, securities class action litigation has often been brought against a company following a decline in the market price of its securities. If we face such litigation, it could result in substantial costs and a diversion of management’s attention and resources, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations.
General Risk Factors
We may incur significant additional costs and expenses, including costs and expenses associated with obligations relating to being a public company, which will require significant resources and management attention and may divert focus from our business operations, and we may generate losses in the future.
We incur significant expenses in developing our technology, marketing and providing the tools and solutions we offer, and acquiring customers. Our costs may increase due to our continued new product development and general administrative expenses, such as legal and accounting expenses related to becoming and being a public company. We have not been required in the past to comply with the requirements of the SEC, to file periodic reports with the SEC, or to have our consolidated financial statements completed, reviewed, or audited and filed within a specified time. As a public company following completion of this offering, we will be required to file periodic reports containing our consolidated financial statements with the SEC within a specified time following the completion of quarterly and annual periods. As a public company, we will incur significant legal, accounting, insurance, and other expenses. Compliance with these reporting requirements and other rules of the SEC and the rules of the New York Stock Exchange will increase our legal and financial compliance costs and make some activities more time-consuming and costly. Furthermore, the need to establish the corporate infrastructure demanded of a public company may divert management’s attention from implementing our growth strategy, which could prevent us from successfully implementing our strategic initiatives and improving our business, operating results, financial condition, and prospects. If we fail to manage these additional costs or increase our revenue, we may incur losses in the future.
We are an “emerging growth company” and our compliance with the reduced reporting and disclosure requirements applicable to “emerging growth companies” may make our Class A common stock less attractive to investors.
We are an “emerging growth company,” as defined in the JOBS Act, and we have elected to take advantage of certain exemptions and relief from various reporting requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not “emerging growth companies.” These provisions include, but are not limited to: being permitted to have only two years of audited financial statements and only two years of related management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations disclosures; being exempt from compliance with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act; being subject to reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in our periodic reports and proxy statements; and not being required to hold nonbinding advisory votes on executive compensation or on any golden parachute payments not previously approved.
In addition, while we are an “emerging growth company,” we will not be required to comply with any new financial accounting standard until such standard is generally applicable to private companies. As a result, our financial statements may not be comparable to companies that are not “emerging growth companies” or elect not to avail themselves of this provision.
We may remain an “emerging growth company” until as late as March 31, 2027, the fiscal year-end following the fifth anniversary of the completion of this initial public offering, though we may cease to be an “emerging growth company” earlier under certain circumstances, including if (i) we have more than $1.07 billion in annual revenue in any fiscal year, (ii) we become a “large accelerated filer,” with at least $700 million of equity securities held by non-affiliates as of the end of the second quarter of that fiscal year, or (iii) we issue more than $1.0 billion of non-convertible debt over a three-year period.
The exact implications of the JOBS Act are still subject to interpretations and guidance by the SEC and other regulatory agencies, and we cannot assure you that we will be able to take advantage of all of the benefits of the JOBS Act. In addition, investors may find our Class A common stock less attractive to the extent we rely on the exemptions and relief granted by the JOBS Act. If some investors find our Class A common stock less attractive as a result, there may be a less active trading market for our Class A common stock and our stock price may decline or become more volatile.
If we are unable to implement and maintain effective internal controls over financial reporting, investors may lose confidence in the accuracy and completeness of our financial reports.
As a public company, we will be required to maintain internal controls over financial reporting and to report any material weaknesses in such internal controls. We will be required to furnish a report by management on, among other things, the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting pursuant to Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act at the time of our second annual report on Form 10-K. However, our independent registered public accounting firm will not be required to attest to the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting pursuant to Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act until the later of the year following our first annual report required to be filed with the SEC or the date we are no longer an “emerging growth company” as defined in the JOBS Act. Accordingly, you will not be able to depend on any attestation concerning our internal control over financial reporting from our independent registered public accounting firm for the foreseeable future.
The process of designing and implementing internal controls over financial reporting is time consuming, costly, and complicated. If during the evaluation and testing process, we identify one or more material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting or determine that existing material weaknesses have not been remediated, our management will be unable to assert that our internal control over financial reporting is effective. Even if our management concludes that our internal control over financial reporting is effective, our independent registered public accounting firm may conclude that there are material weaknesses with respect to our internal controls or the level at which our internal controls are documented, designed, implemented, or reviewed. If we are unable to assert that our internal control over financial reporting is effective, or when required in the future, if our independent registered public accounting firm is unable to express an opinion as to the effectiveness of our internal control over
financial reporting, investors may lose confidence in the accuracy and completeness of our financial reports and the valuation of our common stock could be adversely affected.
SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This prospectus contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the federal securities laws, which are statements that involve substantial risks and uncertainties. Forward-looking statements generally relate to future events or our future financial or operating performance. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements because they contain words such as “may,” “will,” “shall,” “should,” “expects,” “plans,” “anticipates,” “could,” “intends,” “target,” “projects,” “contemplates,” “believes,” “estimates,” “predicts,” “potential,” or “continue” or the negative of these words or other similar terms or expressions that concern our expectations, strategy, plans, or intentions. Forward-looking statements contained in this prospectus include, but are not limited to, statements about:
•our expectations regarding our revenue, expenses, and other operating results;
•our future financial performance;
•our expectations and management of future growth;
•our ability to acquire new members and successfully retain existing members;
•our ability to acquire new customers and successfully retain existing customers;
•our ability to achieve or maintain our profitability;
•future investments in our business, our anticipated capital expenditures, and our estimates regarding our capital requirements;
•the costs and success of our sales and marketing efforts, and our ability to promote our brand;
•our ability to effectively manage our growth, including our ability to identify, retain, and recruit personnel, and maintain our culture;
•our ability to comply with laws and regulations;
•our ability to successfully defend litigation brought against us;
•our ability to maintain, protect, and enhance our intellectual property rights and any costs associated therewith;
•our ability to maintain data privacy and data security;
•our ability to respond to rapid technological changes;
•the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic or other public health crises;
•our expectations regarding the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and the end of the COVID-19 pandemic on our business;
•our ability to compete effectively with existing competitors and new market entrants;
•the growth rates of the markets in which we compete;
•the increased expenses associated with being a public company;
•the sufficiency of our cash and cash equivalents and marketable securities to meet our liquidity needs;
•our ability to comply with modified or new laws and regulations applying to our business;
•our ability to successfully identify, acquire, and integrate companies and assets;
•our expectations regarding the time during which we will be, and the risks related to our status as, an emerging growth company under the JOBS Act;
•developments and projections relating to our competitors and our industry, including competing solutions;
•impact from future regulatory, judicial, and legislative changes or developments that may affect our customers’ or our business;
•the risks related to our Class A common stock, our dual class common stock structure and this offering; and
•our anticipated uses of net proceeds from this offering and our existing cash and cash equivalents and marketable securities.
We caution you that the foregoing list may not contain all of the forward-looking statements made in this prospectus.
You should not rely upon forward-looking statements as predictions of future events. We have based the forward-looking statements contained in this prospectus primarily on our current expectations and projections about future events and trends that we believe may affect our business, results of operations, financial condition, and prospects. The outcome of the events described in these forward-looking statements is subject to risks, uncertainties, and other factors described in the section titled “Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this prospectus. Moreover, we operate in a very competitive and rapidly changing environment. New risks and uncertainties emerge from time to time, and it is not possible for us to predict all risks and uncertainties that could have an impact on the forward-looking statements contained in this prospectus. The results, events, and circumstances reflected in the forward-looking statements may not be achieved or occur, and actual results, events, or circumstances could differ materially from those described in the forward-looking statements.
The forward-looking statements made in this prospectus relate only to events as of the date on which the statements are made. We undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statements made in this prospectus to reflect events or circumstances after the date of this prospectus or to reflect new information or the occurrence of unanticipated events, except as required by law. We may not actually achieve the plans, intentions, or expectations disclosed in our forward-looking statements and you should not place undue reliance on our forward-looking statements. Our forward-looking statements do not reflect the potential impact of any future acquisitions, mergers, dispositions, joint ventures, or investments we may make.
In addition, statements that “we believe” and similar statements reflect our beliefs and opinions on the relevant subject. These statements are based upon information available to us as of the date of this prospectus, and while we believe such information forms a reasonable basis for such statements, such information may be limited or incomplete, and our statements should not be read to indicate that we have conducted an exhaustive inquiry into, or review of, all potentially available relevant information. These statements are inherently uncertain and you are cautioned not to unduly rely upon these statements.
MARKET AND INDUSTRY DATA
This prospectus contains statistical data, estimates, and forecasts that are based on various sources, including independent industry publications or other publicly available information, as well as other information based on our internal sources. This information involves a number of assumptions and limitations, and you are cautioned not to give undue weight to these estimates. We have not independently verified the accuracy or completeness of the data contained in these industry publications and other publicly available information. The industry in which we operate is subject to a high degree of uncertainty and risk due to a variety of factors, including those described in the section titled “Risk Factors,” that could cause results to differ materially from those expressed in these publications and reports. The content of the below sources, except to the extent specifically set forth in this prospectus, does not constitute a portion of this prospectus and is not incorporated herein.
Certain information in the text of this prospectus is contained in independent industry publications and publicly-available reports. Certain of these publications, studies, and reports were published before the COVID-19 pandemic and therefore do not reflect any impact of COVID-19 on any specific or global market. The source of these independent industry publications is provided below:
•BIA Advisory Services;
•Center for Medicare & Medicaid Services;
•Fitch Solutions;
•GVR Research;
•IBISWorld;
•International Data Corporation, or IDC;
•IQVIA;
•Journal of the American College of Surgeons;
•Journal of the American Medical Association, or JAMA;
•Kaiser Family Foundation;
•Kantar Media Intelligence;
•PubMed;
•The Association for Advancing Physician and Provider Recruitment;
•The COVID-19 Healthcare Coalition;
•The Physicians Foundation by Merritt Hawkins;
•U.S. News & World Report; and
•ZS Associates, Inc.
USE OF PROCEEDS
We estimate that the net proceeds from this offering will be approximately $380.5 million based upon the assumed initial public offering price of $21.50 per share, which is the midpoint of the estimated offering price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us. If the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares of our Class A common stock from us is exercised in full, we estimate that our net proceeds would be approximately $451.5 million, after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us. We will not receive proceeds from the sale of Class A common stock in this offering by the selling stockholder.
Each $1.00 increase or decrease in the assumed initial public offering price of $21.50 per share, which is the midpoint of the estimated offering price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, would increase or decrease, as applicable, the net proceeds that we receive from this offering by approximately $18.0 million, assuming that the number of shares of Class A common stock offered by us, as set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, remains the same and after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions payable by us. Similarly, each increase or decrease of 1.0 million in the number of shares of our Class A common stock offered by us would increase or decrease, as applicable, the net proceeds that we receive from this offering by approximately $20.3 million, assuming the assumed initial public offering price remains the same and after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions payable by us.
The principal purposes of this offering are to increase our financial flexibility, create a public market for our Class A common stock, and facilitate our future access to the public equity markets.
We currently intend to use the net proceeds from this offering, together with our existing cash and cash equivalents and marketable securities, for working capital, other general corporate purposes, and to fund our growth strategies, including continued investments in our business. We may also use a portion of the net proceeds that we receive to acquire or invest in complementary businesses, solutions, services, technologies, or other assets. We have not entered into any agreements or commitments with respect to any acquisitions or investments at this time.
We cannot specify with certainty the particular uses of the net proceeds that we will receive from this offering or the amounts we actually spend on the uses set forth above. Our management will have broad discretion in the application of the net proceeds from this offering and investors will be relying on the judgment of our management regarding the application of the proceeds.
Pending the use of proceeds from this offering as described above, we plan to invest the net proceeds that we receive in this offering in short-term and intermediate-term interest-bearing obligations, investment-grade investments, certificates of deposit, or direct or guaranteed obligations of the U.S. government.
DIVIDEND POLICY
We have never declared or paid any cash dividend on our capital stock. We currently intend to retain any future earnings and do not expect to pay any dividends in the foreseeable future. Any future determination to declare cash dividends will be made at the discretion of our board of directors, subject to applicable laws, and will depend on a number of factors, including our financial condition, results of operations, capital requirements, contractual restrictions, general business conditions, and other factors that our board of directors may deem relevant.
CAPITALIZATION
The following table sets forth cash and cash equivalents and marketable securities and total capitalization, as of March 31, 2021:
•on an actual basis;
•on a pro forma basis, giving effect to (i) the automatic conversion of all outstanding shares of our redeemable convertible preferred stock into an aggregate of 76,286,618 shares of our Class B common stock, (ii) the reclassification of all of our outstanding common stock into an equivalent number of shares of our Class B common stock, (iii) the filing and effectiveness of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation, which will occur immediately prior to the completion of this offering, and (iv) stock-based compensation expense of approximately $0.7 million associated with stock options subject to performance-based and market-based vesting conditions, which we will recognize upon the completion of this offering; and
•on a pro forma as adjusted basis, giving effect to (i) the pro forma adjustments set forth above, (ii) the sale and issuance by us of 19,010,750 shares of our Class A common stock in this offering, based on the assumed initial public offering price of $21.50 per share, which is the midpoint of the estimated offering price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us, and (iii) the conversion of 4,289,250 shares of Class B common stock into 4,289,250 shares of Class A common stock in connection with the sale of these shares in this offering by the selling stockholder.
The pro forma as adjusted information set forth in the table below is illustrative only and will be adjusted based on the actual initial public offering price and other final terms of this offering. You should read this table together
with our consolidated financial statements and related notes and the section titled “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” that is included elsewhere in this prospectus.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
As of March 31, 2021
|
|
Actual
|
|
Pro Forma
|
|
Pro Forma
As Adjusted
|
|
|
|
(unaudited)
|
|
(in thousands, except per share data)
|
Cash and cash equivalents and marketable securities
|
$
|
142,534
|
|
|
$
|
142,534
|
|
|
$
|
524,364
|
|
Total assets
|
$
|
251,719
|
|
|
$
|
251,719
|
|
|
$
|
631,299
|
|
Redeemable convertible preferred stock, $0.001 par value, 76,350 shares authorized, 76,287 shares issued and outstanding, actual; no shares authorized, issued, and outstanding, pro forma or pro forma as adjusted
|
81,458
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
Stockholders’ equity:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Preferred stock, $0.001 par value, no shares authorized, issued and outstanding, actual; 100,000 shares authorized, issued and outstanding, pro forma and pro forma as adjusted
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
Common stock, $0.001 par value; 198,000 shares authorized, 82,910 shares issued and outstanding, actual; no shares authorized, issued and outstanding, pro forma and pro forma as adjusted
|
83
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
Class A common stock, $0.001 par value, no shares authorized, issued and outstanding, actual; 1,000,000 shares authorized, no shares issued and outstanding, pro forma; 1,000,000 shares authorized, 23,300 shares issued and outstanding, pro forma as adjusted
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
23
|
|
Class B common stock, $0.001 par value, no shares authorized or issued and outstanding, actual; 500,000 shares authorized, 159,197 shares issued and outstanding, pro forma; 500,000 shares authorized, 154,908 shares issued and outstanding, pro forma as adjusted
|
—
|
|
|
159
|
|
|
155
|
|
Additional paid-in capital
|
30,357
|
|
|
112,437
|
|
|
492,776
|
|
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
|
(21)
|
|
|
(21)
|
|
|
(21)
|
|
Retained earnings
|
36,324
|
|
|
35,626
|
|
|
35,626
|
|
Total stockholders’ equity
|
$
|
66,743
|
|
|
$
|
148,201
|
|
|
$
|
528,559
|
|
Total capitalization
|
$
|
148,201
|
|
|
$
|
148,201
|
|
|
$
|
528,559
|
|
If the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares of our Class A common stock from us were exercised in full, pro forma as adjusted cash and cash equivalents and marketable securities, additional paid-in capital, total stockholders’ equity, total capitalization, and shares of Class A common stock issued and outstanding as of March 31, 2021 would be increased by $71.0 million, $71.0 million, $71.0 million, $71.0 million and 3,495,000 shares, respectively.
Each $1.00 increase or decrease in the assumed initial public offering price of $21.50 per share, which is the midpoint of the estimated offering price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, would increase or decrease, as applicable, our cash and cash equivalents and marketable securities, additional paid-in capital, and total stockholders’ equity by approximately $18.0 million, assuming that the number of shares offered by us, as set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, remains the same and after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions payable by us. Similarly, each increase or decrease of 1.0 million shares in the number of shares of our Class A common stock offered by us would increase or decrease, as applicable, our cash and cash equivalents and marketable securities, additional paid-in capital, and total stockholders’ equity by approximately $20.3 million,
assuming the assumed initial public offering price remains the same and after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions payable by us.
The number of shares of our common stock to be outstanding after this offering on a pro forma and pro forma as adjusted basis is based on 0 shares of our Class A and 159,196,770 shares of Class B common stock (including shares of our redeemable convertible preferred stock on an as-converted basis) outstanding as of March 31, 2021 and excludes:
•36,575,118 shares of our Class B common stock issuable upon the exercise of options to purchase shares of our Class B common stock that were outstanding as of March 31, 2021, with a weighted-average exercise price of $2.80 per share;
•250,000 shares of Class B common stock issuable pursuant to a warrant to purchase shares of our Class B common stock that was outstanding as of March 31, 2021, with an exercise price of $0.72 per share;
•1,966,000 shares of our Class B common stock issuable upon the exercise of options to purchase shares of our Class B common stock granted after March 31, 2021, with a weighted-average exercise price of $12.56 per share;
•1,200,000 shares of Class A common stock issuable pursuant to a warrant to purchase shares of our Class A common stock granted after March 31, 2021, with an exercise price of $12.56 per share;
•265,198 shares of our Class B common stock reserved for future issuance pursuant to our 2010 Plan, as amended, which shares will cease to be available for issuance upon the effectiveness of our 2021 Plan, which will become effective immediately prior to the date our registration statement relating to this offering becomes effective; and
•27,000,000 shares of our Class A common stock reserved for future issuance under our share-based compensation plans, to be adopted in connection with this offering, consisting of:
•22,500,000 shares of our Class A common stock reserved for future issuance under our 2021 Plan; and
•4,500,000 shares of our Class A common stock reserved for future issuance under our ESPP, which will become effective immediately prior to the date of our registration statement relating to this offering becomes effective.
Each of our 2021 Plan and ESPP provides for annual automatic increases in the number of shares of our Class A common stock reserved thereunder, and our 2021 Plan also provides for increases to the number of shares of Class A common stock that may be granted thereunder based on shares underlying any awards under our 2010 Plan that expire, are forfeited or are otherwise terminated, as more fully described in the section titled “Executive Compensation—Employee Benefit and Stock Plans.”
DILUTION
If you invest in our Class A common stock in this offering, your ownership interest will be diluted to the extent of the difference between the initial public offering price per share of our Class A common stock and the pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value per share of our Class A common stock immediately after this offering. Net tangible book value dilution per share to new investors represents the difference between the amount per share paid by purchasers of shares of Class A common stock in this offering and the pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value per share of Class A common stock immediately after completion of this offering.
Net tangible book value per share is determined by dividing our total tangible assets less our total liabilities by the number of shares of common stock outstanding. Our historical net tangible book value as of March 31, 2021 was $111.2 million, or $1.34 per share. Our pro forma net tangible book value as of March 31, 2021 was $111.2 million, or $0.70 per share, based on the total number of shares of our common stock outstanding as of March 31, 2021, after giving effect to the automatic conversion and reclassification of all outstanding shares of our redeemable convertible preferred stock as of March 31, 2021 into an aggregate of 76,286,618 shares of our Class B common stock.
After giving effect to the sale by us of 19,010,750 shares of our Class A common stock in this offering at an assumed initial public offering price of $21.50 per share, which is the midpoint of the estimated offering price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, and after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us, our pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value as of March 31, 2021 would have been $493.9 million, or $2.77 per share. This represents an immediate increase in pro forma net tangible book value of $2.07 per share to our existing stockholders and immediate dilution of $18.73 per share to investors purchasing shares of our Class A common stock in this offering at an assumed initial public offering price. The following table illustrates this dilution:
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Assumed initial public offering price per share
|
|
|
$
|
21.50
|
|
Historical net tangible book value per share as of March 31, 2021
|
$
|
1.34
|
|
|
|
Pro forma decrease in net tangible book value per share as of March 31, 2021 attributable to the pro forma transactions described above
|
(0.64)
|
|
|
|
Pro forma net tangible book value per share as of March 31, 2021
|
0.70
|
|
|
Increase in pro forma net tangible book value per share attributable to new investors participating in this offering
|
2.07
|
|
|
|
Pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value per share after this offering
|
|
|
2.77
|
|
Dilution per share to new investors in this offering
|
|
|
$
|
18.73
|
|
Each $1.00 increase or decrease in the assumed initial public offering price of $21.50 per share, which is the midpoint of the estimated offering price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, would increase or decrease, as applicable, our pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value per share after this offering by $0.10, and would increase or decrease, as applicable, dilution per share to new investors in this offering by $0.90, assuming that the number of shares of our Class A common stock offered by us, as set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, remains the same and after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions payable by us. Similarly, each 1.0 million share increase or decrease in the number of shares offered by us would increase or decrease, as applicable, our pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value per share after this offering by $0.10 per share and the dilution in pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value per share to investors participating in this offering by $0.10 per share, assuming the initial public offering price of $21.50 per share remains the same, after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us.
In addition, to the extent any outstanding options to purchase Class B common stock are exercised, new investors would experience further dilution. If the underwriters exercise their option to purchase 3,495,000 additional shares of our Class A common stock from us in full, the pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value per share of our common stock immediately after this offering would be $3.11 per share, and the dilution in pro forma net tangible book value per share to new investors in this offering would be $18.39 per share.
The following table presents, on a pro forma as adjusted basis as of March 31, 2021, after giving effect to the conversion of all outstanding shares of redeemable convertible preferred stock into our Class B common stock immediately prior to the completion of this offering, the differences between the existing stockholders and the new investors purchasing shares of our Class A common stock in this offering with respect to the number of shares purchased from us, the total consideration paid or to be paid to us, which includes net proceeds received from the issuance of common stock and redeemable convertible preferred stock, cash received from the exercise of stock options to purchase Class B common stock, and the average price per share paid or to be paid to us at an assumed initial public offering price of $21.50 per share, which is the midpoint of the estimated offering price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, before deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us:
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|
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|
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|
|
Shares Purchased
|
|
Total Consideration
|
|
Average
Price per
Share
|
|
Number
|
|
Percent
|
|
Amount
|
|
Percent
|
|
Existing stockholders
|
159,196,770
|
|
|
89.3
|
%
|
|
$
|
97,091,690
|
|
|
19.2
|
%
|
|
$
|
0.61
|
|
New investors
|
19,010,750
|
|
|
10.7
|
%
|
|
$
|
408,731,125
|
|
|
80.8
|
%
|
|
$
|
21.50
|
|
Totals
|
178,207,520
|
|
100.0
|
%
|
|
$
|
505,822,815
|
|
|
100.0
|
%
|
|
$
|
2.84
|
|
Each $1.00 increase or decrease in the assumed initial public offering price of $21.50 per share, which is the midpoint of the estimated offering price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, would increase or decrease, as applicable, the total consideration paid by new investors and total consideration paid by all stockholders by approximately $18.0 million, assuming that the number of shares of Class A common stock offered by us, as set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, remains the same and after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions payable by us. Similarly, each increase or decrease of 1.0 million in the number of shares of our Class A common stock offered by us would increase or decrease the total consideration paid by new investors and total consideration paid by all stockholders by $20.3 million, assuming the assumed initial public offering price remains the same and after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions payable by us. In addition, to the extent any outstanding options to purchase Class B common stock are exercised, new investors will experience further dilution.
The sale of 4,289,250 shares of our Class A common stock by the selling stockholder in this offering will reduce the number of shares of common stock held by existing stockholders to 154,907,520, or approximately 86.9% of the total shares of common stock outstanding upon completion of this offering, and will increase the number of shares held by new investors to 23,300,000, or approximately 13.1% of the total shares of common stock outstanding upon completion of this offering.
Except as otherwise indicated, the above discussion and tables assume no exercise of the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares of Class A common stock. If the underwriters exercise their option to purchase additional shares of Class A common stock in full from us, our existing stockholders would own 87.6% and our new investors would own 12.4% of the total number of shares of our common stock outstanding upon the completion of this offering.
The foregoing tables and calculations (other than historical net tangible book value) are based on 0 shares of Class A common stock and 159,196,770 Class B common stock (including shares of our redeemable convertible preferred stock on an as-converted basis) outstanding as of March 31, 2021 and excludes:
•36,575,118 shares of our Class B common stock issuable upon the exercise of options to purchase shares of our Class B common stock that were outstanding as of March 31, 2021, with a weighted-average exercise price of $2.80 per share;
•250,000 shares of Class B common stock issuable pursuant to a warrant to purchase shares of our Class B common stock that was outstanding as of March 31, 2021, with an exercise price of $0.72 per share;
•1,966,000 shares of our Class B common stock issuable upon the exercise of options to purchase shares of our Class B common stock granted after March 31, 2021, with a weighted-average exercise price of $12.56 per share;
•1,200,000 shares of Class A common stock issuable pursuant to a warrant to purchase shares of our Class A common stock granted after March 31, 2021, with an exercise price of $12.56 per share;
•265,198 shares of our Class B common stock reserved for future issuance pursuant to our 2010 Plan, as amended, which shares will cease to be available for issuance upon the effectiveness of our 2021 Plan, which will become effective immediately prior to the date our registration statement relating to this offering becomes effective; and
•27,000,000 shares of our Class A common stock reserved for future issuance under our share-based compensation plans, to be adopted in connection with this offering, consisting of:
•22,500,000 shares of our Class A common stock reserved for future issuance under our 2021 Plan; and
•4,500,000 shares of our Class A common stock reserved for future issuance under our ESPP, which will become effective immediately prior to the date our registration statement relating to this offering becomes effective.
Each of our 2021 Plan and ESPP provides for annual automatic increases in the number of shares of our Class A common stock reserved thereunder, and our 2021 Plan also provides for increases to the number of shares of Class A common stock that may be granted thereunder based on shares underlying any awards under our 2010 Plan that expire, are forfeited or are otherwise terminated, as more fully described in the section titled “Executive Compensation—Employee Benefit and Stock Plans.”
To the extent that any outstanding options or warrant to purchase our common stock are exercised, new awards are granted under our equity compensation plans, or we issue any securities or convertible debt in the future, there will be further dilution to investors participating in this offering.
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
You should read the following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations together with our consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes that are included elsewhere in this prospectus. This discussion contains forward-looking statements based upon current expectations that involve risks and uncertainties. Our actual results may differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result of various factors, including those set forth under the section titled “Risk Factors” or in other parts of this prospectus. Our historical results are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for any period in the future. The last day of our fiscal year is March 31. Our fiscal quarters end on June 30, September 30, December 31, and March 31. Fiscal 2021, our current fiscal year, will end on March 31, 2021.
Overview
We are the leading digital platform for U.S. medical professionals, as measured by the number of U.S. physician members, with over 1.8 million medical professional members as of March 31, 2021. Our members include more than 80% of physicians across all 50 states and every medical specialty.
Our mission is to help every physician be more productive and provide better care for their patients. We are physicians-first, putting technology to work for doctors instead of the other way around. That guiding principle has enabled Doximity to become an essential and trusted professional platform for physicians. Our cloud-based platform provides our members with tools specifically built for medical professionals, enabling them to collaborate with their colleagues, securely coordinate patient care, conduct virtual patient visits, stay up-to-date with the latest medical news and research, and manage their careers. Doximity membership is free for physicians. Our revenue-generating customers, primarily pharmaceutical manufacturers and healthcare systems, have access to a suite of commercial solutions that benefit from broad physician usage.
At the core of our platform is the largest medical professional network in the nation, which creates proximity within our community of doctors and hundreds of thousands of other medical professionals. Verified members can search and connect with colleagues and specialists, which allows them to better coordinate patient care and streamline referrals. Our newsfeed addresses the ever increasing sub-specialization of medical expertise and volume of medical research by delivering news and information that is relevant to each physician's clinical practice. We also support physicians in their day-to-day practice of medicine with mobile-friendly and easy-to-use clinical workflow tools such as voice and video dialer, secure messaging, and digital faxing. We had over 300,000 unique active providers (which we define as physicians, physician assistants, nurse practitioners, and medical students) use our telehealth tools in the quarter ended March 31, 2021.
Our Marketing Solutions enable our pharmaceutical and health system customers to get the right content, services, and peer connections to the right medical professionals through a variety of modules. Our pharmaceutical manufacturer customers include 20 out of the top 20 pharmaceutical manufacturers by their revenue, and have generally experienced median returns on investment, or ROIs, of 10:1, according to studies we have commissioned.3 Our health system customers include 20 of the top 20 hospitals and health systems in the U.S. News & World Report Best Hospitals Honor Roll, and have generally realized median ROIs greater than 13:1, according to analyses using 3rd-party data. Our Hiring Solutions provide digital recruiting capabilities to health systems and medical recruiting firms.
As the COVID-19 pandemic placed unprecedented strain on the U.S. healthcare delivery system, and healthcare providers and patients increasingly needed access to effective and easy-to-use virtual care tools, we launched our enterprise-level Telehealth Solutions for health systems, with a beta version available in April and a full launch in May of 2020. Our Telehealth Solutions, which are software tools that include voice and video Dialer, are designed to easily connect patients with care providers. We delivered over 63 million telehealth visits in fiscal 2021. As a
3 ROI is conducted by third party provider IQVIA and measured across 16 eligible campaigns active between April 2018 and March 2021. ROI ranges from 2:1 - 190:1, reflecting variation across therapy area, product price, product maturity, and the number of months over which the ROI was measured.
result, we have seen rapid adoption of our commercial Telehealth Solutions, with subscription agreements signed with over 150 health systems as of March 31, 2021.
Our subscription-based business model and strong relationships with both pharmaceutical manufacturers and health systems drive highly visible revenue. We do not generate revenue from membership of medical professionals, other than a de minimis amount generated from member subscriptions for Dialer Pro. We are able to grow revenue from existing customers through an effective land and expand strategy, demonstrated by our 153% net revenue retention rate as of March 31, 2021 (see the section titled “—Key Business and Financial Metrics” for additional information).
Our business model has delivered high revenue growth at scale, while increasing profitability. For the years ended March 31, 2020 and 2021, we recorded revenue of $116.4 million and $206.9 million, respectively, representing a year-over-year growth rate of 78%. Our net income was $29.7 million and $50.2 million for the years ended March 31, 2020 and 2021, respectively. For the years ended March 31, 2020 and 2021, we generated Adjusted EBITDA of $26.6 million and $64.8 million, respectively. We have accomplished this while focusing on our core mission to help every physician be more productive and provide better care for their patients.
Our Business Model
Our customers are primarily healthcare organizations, in particular pharmaceutical manufacturers, health systems, and medical recruiting firms, who purchase subscriptions for our Marketing Solutions, Hiring Solutions, and Telehealth Solutions. In fiscal 2021, we had over 600 subscription customers, of which 200 contributed at least $100,000 of subscription revenue. Of these 200 customers, 29 contributed at least $1,000,000 in subscription revenue. In fiscal 2021, 93% of our revenue was generated from subscriptions.
We are able to land customers through our direct sales team and then expand in several ways depending on customer type:
•For pharmaceutical customers, we can cross-sell subscriptions for our Marketing Solutions to different brands within their portfolio of medications or upsell additional modules. Modules are the core building blocks of our customers’ marketing plan and are additive to one another. Our modules can be categorized as Awareness, Interactivity, and Peer. We package them into campaigns to meet the needs of our customers.
•For health system customers, we can cross-sell subscriptions for our Marketing Solutions to different service lines or upsell additional modules similar to those sold to pharmaceutical customers. Service lines refer to patient-centric clinical specialties such as cardiology, oncology, neurology, and otolaryngology, among others. We also are able to sell subscriptions to health system customers for our Hiring and Telehealth Solutions.
As of March 31, 2021, for the top 20 pharmaceutical manufacturers by their revenue, our average number of brands per customer was 13, and for the top 20 hospitals and health systems in the U.S. News & World Report Best Hospitals Honor Roll, the average number of service lines per health system was 7.
Marketing Solutions
Marketing Solutions contributed greater than 80% of our revenue in fiscal 2021. We offer our Marketing Solutions to both pharmaceutical manufacturers and health systems, either directly or through media agencies on their behalf. Our Marketing Solutions enable these customers to serve our members with tailored content that is highly relevant to their clinical practices. Marketing Solutions customers can execute efficient campaigns by directly reaching specific groups of our members with tailored messaging. We charge for Marketing Solutions based on audience composition and modules purchased.
In the case of pharmaceutical manufacturers, we arrange subscription-based marketing campaigns with individual brands within their portfolios of medications. When we sign up a new pharmaceutical manufacturer as a customer, we typically first sell one module to one brand and then we expand within that manufacturer by selling to additional brands and selling access to additional modules. For example, for one top 20 pharmaceutical customer, we began working with one brand and one module in fiscal 2013 and in fiscal 2021 we worked with 29 brands within their portfolio of medications and an average of 3 modules per brand.
Our health systems customers purchase our modules and then execute campaigns on a service line basis. These customers pay for subscription-based access to our platform which helps them build brand awareness among medical professionals and attract new patients through referrals. We provide our health systems customers with access to Awareness and Interactivity modules as well as the ability to message to medical professionals on our network based on specialty, credential, location, or other custom attributes via our Peer module.
Hiring Solutions
We offer our Hiring Solutions to both health systems and medical recruiting firms, which pay for subscriptions that provide them with the ability to search and connect with medical professionals who are on Doximity. This offering enables health systems and medical recruiting firms to market their job openings through a combination of posts and direct messages to Doximity members. These hiring campaigns are highly targeted across a range of medical specialties and sub-specialties. As a result, Doximity members learn about opportunities that they might not otherwise have been aware of.
Our Hiring Solutions customers purchase subscriptions priced based on the number of messages that may be sent and job openings that may be posted. We also have a full-service medical recruiting offering called Curative, which we acquired in fiscal 2021. Our Curative customers generally pay us on a placement fee basis, which is our only non-subscription revenue stream.
Telehealth Solutions
We offer our Telehealth Solutions to health systems, medical groups, and individual medical practitioners. Health systems purchase access to our telehealth suite, including voice and video Dialer, for use by their own medical professionals. This enables medical professionals to conduct virtual patient visits, as well as physician-to-physician communications, on our easy-to-use and reliable mobile and web-based applications. In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, we launched our enterprise-level Telehealth Solutions for free to health systems, with a beta version available in April and a full launch in May of 2020 and began charging for access to these solutions on January 1, 2021. Health systems purchase a subscription for access to our Telehealth Solutions. Pricing is based on the size of the health system, as determined by the number of hospital beds.
We have seen rapid adoption of our Telehealth Solutions among our health system customers, due to existing organic usage from Doximity members who have used our productivity tools in the past. We offer our Telehealth Solutions to members of our physician network on a per-user subscription basis and a lighter-functionality version to our physician members for free. This member-level individual telehealth offering is an important awareness and sales lead generation tool for our Dialer Enterprise solution. We estimate that as of March 31, 2021, over 90% of U.S. hospitals have Dialer users at their facility, providing an organic sales funnel from our member-level offering to our Dialer Enterprise offering.
Impact of COVID-19
The COVID-19 pandemic has had, and continues to have, a significant impact on the U.S. economy and the markets in which we operate. Doximity has been privileged to play an important role in supporting physicians, medical professionals, and health systems nationwide during this time. Our business has performed strongly, demonstrating the value and effectiveness of our platform to both our members and customers. While certain of the COVID-19 pandemic-related trends underlying our positive performance may not continue after the pandemic eases, we believe that certain key underlying trends have been accelerated and will persist long after the pandemic ends.
For example, use of our Marketing Solutions grew rapidly in fiscal 2021 as the traditional use of in-person sales representatives for pharmaceutical marketing became largely untenable due to the pandemic. However, the shift to digital channels has been underway for several years, and while it was accelerated by the pandemic, it is expected to continue going forward. According to IDC, the U.S. healthcare and pharmaceutical industry is expected to spend 38% of its total advertising expenditure on digital channels in 2025, a 37% increase in digital share from 2020.
The COVID-19 pandemic also significantly increased the awareness and use of our telehealth offerings, and in response, we accelerated the roll-out of Dialer Enterprise. While there can be no assurance that the levels of interest, demand, and use of our telehealth offerings will continue to grow at current levels, we believe both patients and medical professionals have recognized the widespread value and utility of telehealth such that its use will remain prevalent. According to the Telehealth Impact Study from the COVID-19 Healthcare Coalition, 68% of respondents are motivated to increase telehealth use in their practices, and the majority would like to continue to offer telehealth for chronic disease management, medical management, care coordination, and preventative care following the pandemic.
For additional information, see “Risk Factors—Risks Related to Our Business—The COVID-19 pandemic and any other future pandemic, epidemic, or outbreak of an infectious disease may adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.”
Key Factors Affecting Our Performance
The Size and Engagement of our Network of Medical Professionals
We provide physicians and healthcare organizations with access to the largest network of medical professionals in the United States and we generate engagement with our platform by medical professionals in a number of ways. Medical professionals are able to stay informed on the latest medical news, find and interact with colleagues, coordinate patient care with other specialists, participate in clinical discussions, manage their careers, and conduct
virtual patient visits. Our customers are able to offer highly relevant marketing and hiring campaigns to this engaged community of medical professionals.
We believe that the size and engagement of our network of medical professionals enhances our ability to provide an attractive value proposition to both our members and customers. As we have increased the scale and engagement of our member network, we have been able to offer more effective connectivity to our members and more tailored Marketing, Hiring, and Telehealth Solutions to our customers. We plan to continue to harness our scale to further grow the value proposition of our platform for all stakeholders.
Ability to Expand Within Existing Customers and Attract New Customers
Our goal is to grow revenue from our existing customers, and continue to attract new ones. We grow revenue from our existing customers through subscription renewals, cross-selling to new pharmaceutical manufacturer brands and health system service lines, and upselling of modules and/or solutions. For example, revenue from our top 20 customers has increased by a median multiple of six times since fiscal 2017.4 Although we have grown our customers at a rapid rate, there is still considerable whitespace for our offerings. Across the brands of our existing pharmaceutical customers that generate U.S. sales of $100 million or more for those customers, we estimate that we are less than 5% penetrated into their medical professional marketing budgets for those brands.
We also aim to attract new customers to our platform and solutions. We gain new customers through a combination of unpaid channels, such as recommendations and word of mouth within the industry, and paid channels, such as brand marketing and our teams of sales representatives. The majority of our sales and marketing budget is spent on our sales team. We continue to add new modules and solutions broadening our use cases and applicability for different customers, and therefore we believe we have a significant opportunity to add new customers.
Innovation and New Product Offerings
We have consistently invested in our platform solutions and technology to drive innovation to remain responsive to the evolving needs of our members and customers.
For our members, we continuously improve and add features to the network, newsfeed, and productivity tools that we offer, driving new member sign-ups and higher engagement. For example, the flexible and cloud-based nature of our platform enabled us to rapidly roll out our video Dialer to our members upon the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic.
We also continue to innovate for our pharmaceutical manufacturer and health system customers. For example, in fiscal 2020 we added multiple new modules, strengthening the breadth of formats on our Marketing Solutions, and in fiscal 2021 we acquired Curative Talent, complementing our self-service Hiring Solutions with a tech-enabled, higher-touch service. We have also continued to build new commercial solutions, for example, the launch of Dialer Enterprise, the enterprise offering of our Telehealth Solution. We have experienced rapid adoption of this solution since we launched with a beta version available in April and a full launch in May of 2020, with over 150 customers subscribed as of March 31, 2021.
As we increase our customer base and benefit from a shift towards digital marketing, we plan to continue to develop and enhance our value proposition, enabling us to capture a larger share of a growing market. Our ability to invest in new technology and develop new features, modules, and solutions will be critical to our long-term success.
Regulatory Environment
As we receive the vast majority of our revenue from pharmaceutical manufacturers and health systems, changes in the regulatory landscape and potential new legislation that impact those organizations, such as changes in reimbursement rates for telehealth visits, may impact our performance.
4 For our top 20 customers as measured by TTM revenue as of March 31, 2021, their TTM revenue has increased by a median multiple of six times the revenue in the TTM since the quarter ended March 31, 2017 or the fourth full quarter they had TTM earlier, whichever is earlier. 19 of our top 20 customers were customers as of March 31, 2017, and 1 of our top 20 customers became customers after March 31, 2017.
See “Business—Healthcare Laws and Regulations,” “Risk Factors—Risks Related to the Healthcare Industry— If we or our customers fail to comply with federal and state healthcare laws, including those governing fee splitting, our business, and financial relationships, we or our customers may be subject to significant administrative, civil, and criminal penalties,” “—The healthcare regulatory and political framework is uncertain and evolving.” and “Risks Related to Our Business—Our revenue is relatively concentrated within a small number of key customers, and the loss of one or more of such key customers could slow the growth rate of our revenue or cause our revenue to decline.”
Key Business and Financial Metrics
We monitor a number of key business and financial metrics to determine the health and success of our business, including:
Number of customers with at least $100,000 of subscription revenue. The number of customers with TTM subscription-based revenue of at least $100,000 is a key indicator of the scale of our business. The number of customers with at least $100,000 of revenue has grown steadily in recent years as we have engaged new customers and expanded within existing ones. This cohort of customers accounted for approximately 88% of our revenue in fiscal 2021.
Net revenue retention rate. Net revenue retention rate is calculated by taking the TTM subscription-based revenue from our customers that had revenue in the prior TTM period and dividing that by the total subscription-based revenue for the prior TTM period. Our net revenue retention rate compares our subscription revenue from the same set of customers across comparable periods, and reflects customer renewals, expansion, contraction, and churn. Our ability to sell additional modules, access incremental brands, and offer new solutions to our existing customers, as well as launch new solutions and modules, has enabled us to maintain a net revenue retention rate of at least 130% in each of the last three fiscal years.
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Year Ended March 31,
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2019
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2020
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2021
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Net revenue retention rate
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136
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%
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130
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%
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153
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%
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Our net revenue retention rate is directly tied to our revenue growth rate and thus fluctuates as that growth rate fluctuates. We expect our net revenue retention rate to decline over time as our growth rate slows.
Components of Results of Operations
Revenue
Marketing Solutions. Our customers pay for a subscription to our Marketing Solutions, either directly or through their relationships with media buying agencies, for the ability to share tailored content on the Doximity platform via a variety of modules for defined time periods. We generally bill customers ahead of the service period. Subscriptions to Marketing Solutions include the following contractual arrangements:
•Subscriptions for specific modules delivered on a monthly basis to a consistent number of targeted Doximity members during the subscription period. Pricing is based on the number and composition of the targeted Doximity members, and on the specific modules purchased.
•Integrated subscriptions for a fixed subscription fee that are not tied to a single module but allow customers to utilize any combination of modules during the subscription period.
For all these subscription contractual arrangements, we recognize revenue over time as control of the service is transferred to the customer.
Hiring Solutions. We provide customers access to our platform which enables them to post job openings or deliver a fixed number of monthly messages to our network of medical professionals. We bill ahead of the service period and recognize revenue ratably over the contractual term.
Through our acquisition of Curative Talent, completed in fiscal 2021, we also generate revenue from temporary and permanent medical recruiting services which we charge on an hourly-fee and placement-fee basis, respectively. Revenue for temporary placement services is recognized net of third-party contractor fees. For the year ended March 31, 2021, the revenue from temporary and permanent medical recruiting services was not significant to our total revenue.
For a description of our revenue accounting policies, see “—Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates.”
Cost of Revenue
Cost of revenue is primarily comprised of expenses related to cloud hosting, personnel-related expenses for our customer success team, costs for third-party software services and contractors, and other services used in connection with delivery and support of our platform. Our cost of revenue also includes the amortization of capitalized internal-use software development costs, editorial and other content-related expenses, and allocated overhead. Cost of revenue is also driven by the growth of our member network and utilization of our telehealth tools. We intend to continue to invest additional resources in our cloud infrastructure and our customer support organizations to support the growth of our business and expect these expenses will increase on an absolute dollar basis.
Gross Profit and Gross Margin
Gross profit is total revenue less total cost of revenue. Gross margin is gross profit expressed as a percentage of total revenue. Gross profit and gross margin has been and will continue to be affected by a number of factors, including the timing of our acquisition of new customers and sales of additional solutions to our existing customers, the timing and extent of our investments in our operations, cloud hosting costs, growth in our customer success team, and the timing of amortization of capitalized internal-use software development costs. We expect our gross margin to remain relatively steady over the near term, although our quarterly gross margin is expected to fluctuate from period to period depending on the interplay of these and other factors.
Operating Expenses
Our operating expenses consist of sales and marketing, research and development, and general and administrative expenses.
Research and Development
Research and development expense is primarily comprised of personnel-related expenses associated with our engineering and product teams who are responsible for building new products and improving existing products. Research and development expense also includes costs for third-party services and contractors, information technology and software-related costs, and allocated overhead. Other than internal-use software development costs that qualify for capitalization, research and development costs are expensed as incurred. We expect research and development expenses will increase on an absolute dollar basis as we continue to grow our platform and product offerings.
Sales and Marketing
Sales and marketing expense is primarily comprised of personnel-related expenses, sales commissions, travel, and other event expenses. Sales and marketing expense also includes costs for third-party services and contractors, information technology and software-related costs, and allocated overhead. We capitalize the sales commissions that are considered to be incremental and recoverable costs of obtaining a contract with a customer. These sales commissions are amortized over an estimated customer life. We expect sales and marketing expense to increase on an absolute basis and to be our largest expense on an absolute basis.
General and Administrative
General and administrative expense is primarily comprised of personnel-related expenses associated with our executive, finance, legal, human resources, information technology, and facilities employees. General and administrative expense includes fees for third-party legal and accounting services, recruitment fees, information technology and software-related costs, and allocated overhead. We expect that general and administrative expense will increase on an absolute dollar basis as we incur compliance costs associated with being a publicly-traded company, including legal, audit, and consulting fees.
Interest Income
Interest income consists primarily of interest income earned on our cash equivalents and marketable securities.
Other Income (Expense), Net
Other income (expense), net consists primarily of administrative fees and penalties.
Provision for (Benefit from) Income Taxes
Provision for (benefit from) income taxes consists primarily of income taxes in U.S federal, state, and local jurisdictions in which we conduct business. We released our valuation allowance related to the U.S. federal and all states’ deferred tax assets, with the exception of California. We concluded that it was more likely than not that the deferred tax assets could be realized based on our historical and projected results. We continue to maintain a valuation allowance related to specific net deferred tax assets where it is not more likely than not that the deferred tax assets will be realized, which include California research and development credits.
Results of Operations
The following tables set forth our consolidated results of operations data and such data as a percentage of revenue for the periods presented. The period-to-period comparisons of our historical results are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected in the future.
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Year Ended March 31,
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2019
|
|
2020
|
|
2021
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|
(in thousands)
|
Revenue
|
$
|
85,695
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|
|
$
|
116,388
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|
|
$
|
206,897
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|
Cost of revenue(1)
|
10,889
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|
|
14,900
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|
|
31,196
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|
Gross profit
|
74,806
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|
|
101,488
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|
|
175,701
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Operating expenses:
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Research and development(1)
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27,499
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|
32,435
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|
43,873
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|
Sales and marketing(1)
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33,045
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|
39,448
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|
|
62,033
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|
General and administrative(1)
|
7,341
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|
7,442
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|
|
16,492
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|
Total operating expenses
|
67,885
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|
79,325
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|
|
122,398
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Income from operations
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6,921
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|
|
22,163
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|
|
53,303
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|
Interest income
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1,069
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|
|
1,464
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|
|
301
|
|
Other income (expense), net
|
(59)
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|
|
(113)
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|
|
4,165
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|
Income before income taxes
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7,931
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|
|
23,514
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|
|
57,769
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|
Provision for (benefit from) income taxes
|
98
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|
|
(6,223)
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|
|
7,559
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|
Net income
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$
|
7,833
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|
|
$
|
29,737
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|
|
$
|
50,210
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|
_______________
(1)Includes stock-based compensation expense as follows:
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Year Ended March 31,
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2019
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2020
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2021
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(in thousands)
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Cost of revenue
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$
|
194
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|
|
$
|
173
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|
|
$
|
600
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|
Research and development
|
765
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|
|
710
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|
|
1,975
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|
Sales and marketing
|
801
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|
|
847
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|
1,998
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General and administrative
|
583
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|
|
623
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|
|
2,679
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|
Total stock-based compensation expense
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$
|
2,343
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|
|
$
|
2,353
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|
|
$
|
7,252
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Year Ended March 31,
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|
2019
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|
2020
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|
2021
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(percentages of revenue)
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Revenue
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100
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%
|
|
100
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%
|
|
100
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%
|
Cost of revenue
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13
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|
|
13
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|
|
15
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|
Gross profit
|
87
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|
|
87
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|
|
85
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|
Operating expenses:
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|
Research and development
|
31
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|
|
28
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|
|
21
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|
Sales and marketing
|
39
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|
|
34
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|
|
30
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|
General and administrative
|
9
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|
|
6
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|
|
8
|
|
Total operating expenses
|
79
|
|
|
68
|
|
|
59
|
|
Income from operations
|
8
|
|
|
19
|
|
|
26
|
|
Interest income
|
1
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
—
|
|
Other income (expense), net
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
2
|
|
Income before income taxes
|
9
|
|
|
20
|
|
|
28
|
|
Provision for (benefit from) income taxes
|
—
|
|
|
(6)
|
|
|
4
|
|
Net income
|
9
|
%
|
|
26
|
%
|
|
24
|
%
|
Comparison of the Years Ended March 31, 2020 and 2021
Revenue
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Year Ended March 31,
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|
Change
|
|
2020
|
|
2021
|
|
$
|
|
%
|
|
(in thousands, except percentages)
|
Revenue
|
$
|
116,388
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|
|
$
|
206,897
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|
|
$
|
90,509
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|
|
78
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%
|
Revenue for the year ended March 31, 2021 increased $90.5 million, or 78%, compared to the year ended March 31, 2020. The increase was due to the addition of new customers and expansion from existing customers by adding new brands and upselling additional modules primarily from our Marketing Solutions subscription customers. Subscription revenue from new customers was $13.3 million, while subscription revenue from existing customers grew $62.1 million or 53% for the year ended March 31, 2021. The growth in revenue from existing customers was primarily due to approximately 24% growth in the average number of modules per customer and approximately 26% growth in the average number of brands per customer for our Marketing Solutions customers for the year ended March 31, 2021. The acquisition of Curative Talent contributed to an increase of $14.6 million in revenue for the year ended March 31, 2021.
Cost of revenue, gross profit and gross margin
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Year Ended March 31,
|
|
Change
|
|
2020
|
|
2021
|
|
$
|
|
%
|
|
(in thousands, except percentages)
|
Cost of revenue
|
$
|
14,900
|
|
|
$
|
31,196
|
|
|
$
|
16,296
|
|
|
109
|
%
|
Gross profit
|
$
|
101,488
|
|
|
$
|
175,701
|
|
|
$
|
74,213
|
|
|
73
|
%
|
Gross margin
|
87
|
%
|
|
85
|
%
|
|
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|
|
Cost of revenue for the year ended March 31, 2021 increased $16.3 million, or 109%, compared to the year ended March 31, 2020. The increase in cost of revenue was primarily driven by a $7.3 million increase in third-party software and cloud hosting services to support the increase in members and expanded use of our Telehealth Solutions during the COVID-19 pandemic that led to an increase in user engagement on our platform. In addition, we experienced a $4.6 million increase in personnel-related costs as a result of headcount growth of approximately
73%, a $2.4 million increase in consulting and partner fees, and a $1.4 million increase in amortization of capitalized internal-use software.
Gross margin decreased as we initially offered our Telehealth Solutions to our members free of charge, resulting in no revenue but a significant increase in third-party software and hosting costs.
Operating Expenses
Research and development
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended March 31,
|
|
Change
|
|
2020
|
|
2021
|
|
$
|
|
%
|
|
(in thousands, except percentages)
|
Research and development
|
$
|
32,435
|
|
|
$
|
43,873
|
|
|
$
|
11,438
|
|
|
35
|
%
|
Research and development expense for the year ended March 31, 2021 increased $11.4 million, or 35%, compared to the year ended March 31, 2020. The increase in research and development expense was primarily driven by a $8.7 million increase in personnel-related costs primarily as a result of headcount growth of approximately 20%, a $2.2 million increase in software subscriptions due to the growth in our business, a $1.3 million increase in stock-based compensation expense due to headcount growth, a $0.9 million increase in consulting services, partially offset by a $1.1 million decrease in travel-related expenses due to less travel as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic and a $0.4 million decrease driven by higher amounts of internal-use software capitalized.
Sales and marketing
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended March 31,
|
|
Change
|
|
2020
|
|
2021
|
|
$
|
|
%
|
|
(in thousands, except percentages)
|
Sales and marketing
|
$
|
39,448
|
|
|
$
|
62,033
|
|
|
$
|
22,585
|
|
|
57
|
%
|
Sales and marketing expense for the year ended March 31, 2021 increased $22.6 million, or 57%, compared to the year ended March 31, 2020. The increase in sales and marketing expense was primarily driven by a $9.6 million increase in personnel-related costs due to the acquisition of Curative Talent, $3.2 million increase in personnel-related costs due to organic headcount growth of approximately 13%, and a $8.7 million increase in sales commissions as a result of increased headcount and higher volume of sales. The increase was also due to a $0.8 million increase in facilities expense primarily due to the acquisition of Curative Talent, a $1.1 million increase in amortization expense related to acquired intangible assets, a $1.6 million increase in amortization of deferred contract costs, a $1.2 million increase in marketing expenses due to the growth in our business, $0.9 million of which resulted from the acquisition of Curative Talent, a $1.2 million increase in bonus expense, and a $1.2 million increase in stock-based compensation expense due to headcount growth. These increases were partially offset by a $2.0 million decrease in travel-related expenses due to less travel as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic and a $3.4 million decrease related to higher deferred contract costs as a result of higher sales commissions.
General and administrative
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended March 31,
|
|
Change
|
|
2020
|
|
2021
|
|
$
|
|
%
|
|
(in thousands, except percentages)
|
General and administrative
|
$
|
7,442
|
|
|
$
|
16,492
|
|
|
$
|
9,050
|
|
|
122
|
%
|
General and administrative expense for the year ended March 31, 2021 increased $9.1 million, or 122%, compared to the year ended March 31, 2020. The increase in general and administrative expense was primarily driven by a $4.4 million increase in personnel-related costs as a result of headcount growth of approximately 139%, $2.0 million of which was due to the acquisition of Curative Talent. The increase was also due to a $2.1 million increase in stock-based compensation expense due to headcount growth, a $0.6 million increase in fees for legal and
accounting services primarily due to the acquisition of Curative Talent, a $0.9 million increase in bonus expense, a $0.6 million increase in facilities-related expenses, and a $0.5 million increase in bad debt expense. These increases were partially offset by a $0.3 million decrease in travel-related expenses due to less travel as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Interest income
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended March 31,
|
|
Change
|
|
2020
|
|
2021
|
|
$
|
|
%
|
|
(in thousands, except percentages)
|
Interest income
|
$
|
1,464
|
|
|
$
|
301
|
|
|
$
|
(1,163)
|
|
|
(79)
|
%
|
Interest income for the year ended March 31, 2021 decreased $1.2 million, or 79%, compared to the year ended March 31, 2020. The decrease was primarily driven by lower yields on investments.
Other income (expense), net
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended March 31,
|
|
Change
|
|
2020
|
|
2021
|
|
$
|
|
%
|
|
(in thousands, except percentages)
|
Other income (expense), net
|
$
|
(113)
|
|
|
$
|
4,165
|
|
|
$
|
4,278
|
|
|
NM
|
___________________
NM: Percentage not meaningful.
Other income (expense), net for the year ended March 31, 2021 increased $4.3 million compared to the year ended March 31, 2020. The increase in other income (expense), net was primarily driven by a gain on the sale of a portion of the Curative Talent business.
Provision for (benefit from) income taxes
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended March 31,
|
|
Change
|
|
2020
|
|
2021
|
|
$
|
|
%
|
|
(in thousands, except percentages)
|
Provision for (benefit from) income taxes
|
$
|
(6,223)
|
|
|
$
|
7,559
|
|
|
$
|
13,782
|
|
|
NM
|
Provision for (benefit from) income taxes for the year ended March 31, 2021 was a provision of $7.6 million compared to a benefit of $6.2 million for the year ended March 31, 2020, a decrease of $13.8 million. The benefit from income taxes for the year ended March 31, 2020 was primarily driven by the release of the valuation allowance related to the U.S. federal and all states’ deferred tax assets, with the exception of California research and development tax credits, partially offset by federal and state income tax expense in the United States. The provision for income taxes for the year ended March 31, 2021 consists of federal and state income tax expense in the United States.
Comparison of the Years Ended March 31, 2019 and 2020
Revenue
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended March 31,
|
|
Change
|
|
2019
|
|
2020
|
|
$
|
|
%
|
|
(in thousands, except percentages)
|
Revenue
|
$
|
85,695
|
|
|
$
|
116,388
|
|
|
$
|
30,693
|
|
|
36
|
%
|
Revenue for the year ended March 31, 2020 increased $30.7 million, or 36%, compared to the year ended March 31, 2019. The increase was due to the addition of new customers and expansion from existing customers by adding new brands and upselling additional modules primarily from our Marketing Solutions subscriptions customers. Revenue from new customers was $5.5 million, while revenue from existing customers grew $25.2
million, or 30%, for the year ended March 31, 2020. The growth in revenue from existing customers was primarily due to approximately 17% growth in the average number of modules per customer and approximately 19% growth in the average number of brands per customer for our Marketing Solutions customers for the year ended March 31, 2020.
Cost of revenue, gross profit and gross margin
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended March 31,
|
|
Change
|
|
2019
|
|
2020
|
|
$
|
|
%
|
|
(in thousands, except percentages)
|
Cost of revenue
|
$
|
10,889
|
|
|
$
|
14,900
|
|
|
$
|
4,011
|
|
|
37
|
%
|
Gross profit
|
$
|
74,806
|
|
|
$
|
101,488
|
|
|
$
|
26,682
|
|
|
36
|
%
|
Gross margin
|
87
|
%
|
|
87
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
Cost of revenue for the year ended March 31, 2020 increased $4.0 million, or 37%, compared to the year ended March 31, 2019. The increase in cost of revenue was primarily driven by a $1.7 million increase in cloud hosting and third-party services costs to support the increase in users and expanded use of our dialer voice telehealth tools, a $1.6 million increase in personnel-related costs as a result of headcount growth of approximately 27%, a $0.4 million increase in partner fees, and a $0.3 million increase in amortization of capitalized internal-use software.
Operating Expenses
Research and development
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended March 31,
|
|
Change
|
|
2019
|
|
2020
|
|
$
|
|
%
|
|
(in thousands, except percentages)
|
Research and development
|
$
|
27,499
|
|
|
$
|
32,435
|
|
|
$
|
4,936
|
|
|
18
|
%
|
Research and development expense for the year ended March 31, 2020 increased $4.9 million, or 18%, compared to the year ended March 31, 2019. The increase in research and development expense was primarily driven by a $6.6 million increase in personnel-related costs as a result of headcount growth of approximately 27%, a $0.5 million increase in software subscriptions dedicated for use by our research and development organization due to the growth in our business, a $0.4 million increase related to internal meeting and travel expenses, and a $0.2 million increase in consulting services, partially offset by a $3.0 million decrease driven by higher amounts of internal-use software capitalized as a result of additional development projects.
Sales and marketing
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended March 31,
|
|
Change
|
|
2019
|
|
2020
|
|
$
|
|
%
|
|
(in thousands, except percentages)
|
Sales and marketing
|
$
|
33,045
|
|
|
$
|
39,448
|
|
|
$
|
6,403
|
|
|
19
|
%
|
Sales and marketing expense for the year ended March 31, 2020 increased $6.4 million, or 19%, compared to the year ended March 31, 2019. The increase in sales and marketing expense was primarily driven by a $1.7 million increase in sales commissions due to higher volume of sales, a $1.6 million increase in marketing, advertising and trade show-related expenses due to the growth in our business, a $1.4 million increase in personnel-related costs as a result of salary increases for existing employees, a $1.1 million increase in partner and third-party fees, and a $0.5 million increase in software, equipment, and subscription related expenses.
General and administrative
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended March 31,
|
|
Change
|
|
2019
|
|
2020
|
|
$
|
|
%
|
|
(in thousands, except percentages)
|
General and administrative
|
$
|
7,341
|
|
|
$
|
7,442
|
|
|
$
|
101
|
|
|
1
|
%
|
General and administrative expense for the year ended March 31, 2020 increased $0.1 million, or 1%, compared to the year ended March 31, 2019. The increase in general and administrative expense was primarily driven by a $0.4 million increase in personnel and stock compensation related expenses due to headcount growth of approximately 14% and a $0.4 million increase in fees for legal and accounting services. These increases were partially offset by a $0.7 million decrease in bad debt expense resulting from improved collections and $0.4 million in event-related expenses.
Interest income
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended March 31,
|
|
Change
|
|
2019
|
|
2020
|
|
$
|
|
%
|
|
(in thousands, except percentages)
|
Interest income
|
$
|
1,069
|
|
|
$
|
1,464
|
|
|
$
|
395
|
|
|
37
|
%
|
Interest income for the year ended March 31, 2020 increased $0.4 million, or 37%, compared to the year ended March 31, 2019. The increase was primarily driven by an increase in marketable securities and cash equivalents.
Other Income (expense)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended March 31,
|
|
Change
|
|
2019
|
|
2020
|
|
$
|
|
%
|
|
(in thousands, except percentages)
|
Other income (expense), net
|
$
|
(59)
|
|
|
$
|
(113)
|
|
|
$
|
(54)
|
|
|
92
|
%
|
Other income (expense), net for the year ended March 31, 2020 increased primarily driven by higher penalties and interest related expenses.
Provision for (benefit from) income taxes
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended March 31,
|
|
Change
|
|
2019
|
|
2020
|
|
$
|
|
%
|
|
(in thousands, except percentages)
|
Provision for (benefit from) income taxes
|
$
|
98
|
|
|
$
|
(6,223)
|
|
|
$
|
(6,321)
|
|
|
NM
|
___________________
NM: Percentage not meaningful.
Provision for (benefit from) income taxes for the year ended March 31, 2020 decreased $6.3 million compared to the year ended March 31, 2019. The change was primarily driven by the release of the valuation allowance in the year ended March 31, 2020 related to the U.S. federal and all states’ deferred tax assets, with the exception of California research and development tax credits. The benefit for the valuation allowance release was partially offset by an increase in U.S. federal and state tax expense.
Quarterly Results of Operations
The following table sets forth our unaudited quarterly consolidated results of operations by quarter from the first quarter of fiscal 2020 to the fourth quarter of fiscal 2021. The unaudited quarterly consolidated results of operations set forth below have been prepared on the same basis as our consolidated financial statements and in our opinion contains all adjustments, consisting only of normal and recurring adjustments, necessary for the fair statement of this financial information. You should read the following information in conjunction with the section titled “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and our consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes thereto included elsewhere in this prospectus. The results of historical periods are not necessarily indicative of the results for any future period and the results for any quarter are not necessarily indicative of results to be expected for a full year or any other period.
Quarterly Consolidated Statements of Operations Data
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended
|
|
June 30, 2019
|
|
September 30, 2019
|
|
December 31, 2019
|
|
March 31, 2020
|
|
June 30, 2020
|
|
September 30, 2020
|
|
December 31, 2020
|
|
March 31, 2021
|
|
(unaudited)
|
|
(in thousands)
|
Revenue
|
$
|
22,060
|
|
|
$
|
25,548
|
|
|
$
|
32,426
|
|
|
$
|
36,354
|
|
|
$
|
36,388
|
|
|
$
|
45,113
|
|
|
$
|
58,709
|
|
|
$
|
66,687
|
|
Cost of revenue(1)
|
3,372
|
|
|
3,467
|
|
|
3,780
|
|
|
4,281
|
|
|
7,875
|
|
|
7,456
|
|
|
7,872
|
|
|
7,993
|
|
Gross profit
|
18,688
|
|
|
22,081
|
|
|
28,646
|
|
|
32,073
|
|
|
28,513
|
|
|
37,657
|
|
|
50,837
|
|
|
58,694
|
|
Operating expenses:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Research and development(1)
|
7,522
|
|
|
7,417
|
|
|
8,605
|
|
|
8,891
|
|
|
10,043
|
|
|
9,866
|
|
|
11,406
|
|
|
12,558
|
|
Sales and marketing(1)
|
9,244
|
|
|
9,183
|
|
|
10,669
|
|
|
10,352
|
|
|
13,285
|
|
|
14,145
|
|
|
17,017
|
|
|
17,586
|
|
General and administrative(1)
|
1,094
|
|
|
1,468
|
|
|
1,954
|
|
|
2,926
|
|
|
3,102
|
|
|
3,209
|
|
|
4,478
|
|
|
5,703
|
|
Total operating expenses
|
17,860
|
|
|
18,068
|
|
|
21,228
|
|
|
22,169
|
|
|
26,430
|
|
|
27,220
|
|
|
32,901
|
|
|
35,847
|
|
Income from operations
|
828
|
|
|
4,013
|
|
|
7,418
|
|
|
9,904
|
|
|
2,083
|
|
|
10,437
|
|
|
17,936
|
|
|
22,847
|
|
Interest income
|
385
|
|
|
397
|
|
|
362
|
|
|
320
|
|
|
137
|
|
|
73
|
|
|
42
|
|
|
49
|
|
Other income (expense), net
|
(12)
|
|
|
(16)
|
|
|
(37)
|
|
|
(48)
|
|
|
(290)
|
|
|
(93)
|
|
|
4,559
|
|
|
(11)
|
|
Income before income taxes
|
1,201
|
|
|
4,394
|
|
|
7,743
|
|
|
10,176
|
|
|
1,930
|
|
|
10,417
|
|
|
22,537
|
|
|
22,885
|
|
Provision for (benefit from) income taxes
|
(11,753)
|
|
|
983
|
|
|
1,840
|
|
|
2,707
|
|
|
471
|
|
|
380
|
|
|
5,306
|
|
|
1,402
|
|
Net income
|
$
|
12,954
|
|
|
$
|
3,411
|
|
|
$
|
5,903
|
|
|
$
|
7,469
|
|
|
$
|
1,459
|
|
|
$
|
10,037
|
|
|
$
|
17,231
|
|
|
$
|
21,483
|
|
___________________
(1)Includes stock-based compensation expense as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended
|
|
June 30,
2019
|
|
September 30, 2019
|
|
December 31, 2019
|
|
March 31, 2020
|
|
June 30,
2020
|
|
September 30, 2020
|
|
December 31, 2020
|
|
March 31, 2021
|
|
(unaudited)
|
|
(in thousands)
|
Cost of revenue
|
$
|
52
|
|
|
$
|
56
|
|
|
$
|
58
|
|
|
$
|
7
|
|
|
$
|
90
|
|
|
$
|
99
|
|
|
$
|
179
|
|
|
$
|
232
|
|
Research and development
|
168
|
|
|
161
|
|
|
180
|
|
|
201
|
|
|
264
|
|
|
281
|
|
|
634
|
|
|
796
|
|
Sales and marketing
|
209
|
|
|
231
|
|
|
164
|
|
|
243
|
|
|
295
|
|
|
376
|
|
|
633
|
|
|
694
|
|
General and administrative
|
164
|
|
|
104
|
|
|
163
|
|
|
192
|
|
|
334
|
|
|
423
|
|
|
774
|
|
|
1,148
|
|
Total stock-based compensation expense
|
$
|
593
|
|
|
$
|
552
|
|
|
$
|
565
|
|
|
$
|
643
|
|
|
$
|
983
|
|
|
$
|
1,179
|
|
|
$
|
2,220
|
|
|
$
|
2,870
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended
|
|
June 30,
2019
|
|
September 30, 2019
|
|
December 31, 2019
|
|
March 31,
2020
|
|
June 30,
2020
|
|
September 30, 2020
|
|
December 31, 2020
|
|
March 31
2021
|
|
(unaudited)
|
|
(percentages of revenue)
|
Revenue
|
100
|
%
|
|
100
|
%
|
|
100
|
%
|
|
100
|
%
|
|
100
|
%
|
|
100
|
%
|
|
100
|
%
|
|
100
|
%
|
Cost of revenue
|
15
|
|
|
14
|
|
|
12
|
|
|
12
|
|
|
22
|
|
|
17
|
|
|
13
|
|
|
12
|
|
Gross profit
|
85
|
|
|
86
|
|
|
88
|
|
|
88
|
|
|
78
|
|
|
83
|
|
|
87
|
|
|
88
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating expenses:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Research and development
|
34
|
|
|
29
|
|
|
26
|
|
|
24
|
|
|
28
|
|
|
22
|
|
|
19
|
|
|
19
|
|
Sales and marketing
|
42
|
|
|
36
|
|
|
33
|
|
|
29
|
|
|
36
|
|
|
31
|
|
|
29
|
|
|
26
|
|
General and administrative
|
5
|
|
|
6
|
|
|
6
|
|
|
8
|
|
|
8
|
|
|
7
|
|
|
8
|
|
|
9
|
|
Total operating expenses
|
81
|
|
|
71
|
|
|
65
|
|
|
61
|
|
|
72
|
|
|
60
|
|
|
56
|
|
|
54
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income from operations
|
4
|
|
|
15
|
|
|
23
|
|
|
27
|
|
|
6
|
|
|
23
|
|
|
31
|
|
|
34
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest income
|
2
|
|
|
2
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
Other income (expense), net
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(1)
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
7
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income before income taxes
|
6
|
|
|
17
|
|
|
24
|
|
|
28
|
|
|
5
|
|
|
23
|
|
|
38
|
|
|
34
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Provision for (benefit from) income taxes
|
(53)
|
|
|
4
|
|
|
6
|
|
|
7
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
9
|
|
|
2
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income
|
59
|
%
|
|
13
|
%
|
|
18
|
%
|
|
21
|
%
|
|
4
|
%
|
|
22
|
%
|
|
29
|
%
|
|
32
|
%
|
Quarterly Revenue Trends
Revenue increased sequentially in each of the quarters presented primarily due to growth in new and expansion of existing subscription customers. The growth in revenue decreased between the fourth quarter of fiscal 2020 and the first quarter of fiscal 2021 due to customer buying decisions and the timing of launches of subscriptions on the platform. Our historical quarterly results reflect fluctuations that we do not expect to experience to the same degree in future quarters. Historical quarters reflect customer buying patterns and timing of subscription launches that are expected to take place more evenly throughout the year in the future as we continue to renew and upsell our customers.
Quarterly Cost of Revenue Trends
Cost of revenue increased sequentially in each of the quarters presented, except for the second quarter of fiscal 2021, primarily due to increases in hosting services, third-party software costs, personnel-related expenses, consulting and partner fees, and amortization of capitalized internal-use software. Software and hosting services costs increased significantly in the first quarter of fiscal 2021, primarily due to increased costs associated with higher utilization of our Telehealth Solution associated with the roll-out of new product features and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the workflows of our members.
Quarterly Operating Expense Trends
Operating expenses increased sequentially in each of the quarters presented primarily due to increases in headcount and other expenses to support our growth. Our sales and marketing expense increased sequentially in each of the quarters presented, except for the second and fourth quarters of fiscal 2020, primarily due to increases in sales commission, growth-related expenses, and sales bonuses. Our research and development expense increased sequentially in each of the quarters presented, except for the second quarters of fiscal 2020 and fiscal 2021, primarily driven by headcount growth, an increase in software subscriptions dedicated for use by our research and development organization, and an increase in consulting services. General and administrative expense has increased each quarter as we have expanded our infrastructure and headcount to support our growth and prepare to meet our obligations as a public company following the completion of this offering.
Non-GAAP Financial Measures
We use Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA Margin, Free Cash Flow, and Free Cash Flow Margin to measure our performance and to identify trends, to formulate financial projections, and to make strategic decisions.
Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin
We define Adjusted EBITDA as net income before interest, income taxes, depreciation, and amortization, and as further adjusted for acquisition and other related expenses, stock-based compensation expense, and other (income) expense, net. Net Income Margin represents net income as a percentage of revenue, and Adjusted EBITDA Margin represents Adjusted EBITDA as a percentage of revenue.
Adjusted EBITDA is a key measure we use to assess our financial performance and is also used for internal planning and forecasting purposes. We believe Adjusted EBITDA is helpful to investors, analysts, and other interested parties because it can assist in providing a more consistent and comparable overview of our operations across our historical financial periods.
Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin are non-GAAP measures and are presented for supplemental informational purposes only and should not be considered as alternatives or substitutes to the financial information presented in accordance with GAAP. These measures have certain limitations in that they do not include the impact of certain expenses that are reflected in our consolidated statement of operations that are necessary to run our business. Other companies, including other companies in our industry, may not use these measures or may calculate these measures differently than as presented in this prospectus, limiting their usefulness as comparative measures.
Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin increased year-over-year primarily due to higher net income as a result of increased subscription revenue.
The chart below shows quarterly Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin for fiscal 2020 and 2021.
Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin increased on a year-over-year basis for each quarter in fiscal 2020, primarily as a result of higher revenue for our subscriptions. Adjusted EBITDA decreased in the first quarter of fiscal 2021 as we experienced significantly higher utilization of our platform and use of Telehealth Solutions due to the COVID-19 pandemic. We initially offered telehealth to our members free of charge, resulting in no revenue but a significant increase in third-party software and hosting costs. Those increases, coupled with higher personnel related costs due to additional hiring and the integration of Curative Talent, resulted in a lower Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin in the first quarter of fiscal 2021. Adjusted EBITDA has since increased each quarter of fiscal 2021 due to the growth in subscription revenue.
We have been focused on a balance of growth and efficiency, and have been successful in consistently growing Adjusted EBITDA in recent years. Our Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin fluctuate on a quarterly
basis primarily based on changes in cost of revenue, and the level of our investments in customer success operations, sales and marketing, and research and development relative to changes in revenue. We have experienced some seasonality in both Revenue and Adjusted EBITDA based on the timing of marketing campaign subscription launches on our platform and budgetary timing of purchases of additional modules.
A reconciliation of net income to Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin is set forth below along with Net Income Margin:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended March 31,
|
|
2019
|
|
2020
|
|
2021
|
|
(unaudited)
|
|
(in thousands, except percentages)
|
Net income
|
$
|
7,833
|
|
|
$
|
29,737
|
|
|
$
|
50,210
|
|
Adjusted to exclude the following:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Acquisition and other related expenses
|
—
|
|
|
1,158
|
|
|
496
|
|
Stock-based compensation
|
2,343
|
|
|
2,353
|
|
|
7,252
|
|
Depreciation and amortization
|
551
|
|
|
900
|
|
|
3,702
|
|
Interest income
|
(1,069)
|
|
|
(1,464)
|
|
|
(301)
|
|
Income tax expense (benefit)
|
98
|
|
|
(6,223)
|
|
|
7,559
|
|
Other (income) expense, net
|
59
|
|
|
113
|
|
|
(4,165)
|
|
Adjusted EBITDA
|
$
|
9,815
|
|
|
$
|
26,574
|
|
|
$
|
64,753
|
|
Revenue
|
$
|
85,695
|
|
|
$
|
116,388
|
|
|
$
|
206,897
|
|
Net Income Margin
|
9
|
%
|
|
26
|
%
|
|
24
|
%
|
Adjusted EBITDA Margin
|
11
|
%
|
|
23
|
%
|
|
31
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended
|
|
June 30,
2019
|
|
September 30, 2019
|
|
December 31, 2019
|
|
March 31, 2020
|
|
June 30,
2020
|
|
September 30, 2020
|
|
December 31, 2020
|
|
March 31, 2021
|
|
(unaudited)
|
|
(in thousands, except percentages)
|
Net income
|
$
|
12,954
|
|
|
$
|
3,411
|
|
|
$
|
5,903
|
|
|
$
|
7,469
|
|
|
$
|
1,459
|
|
|
$
|
10,037
|
|
|
$
|
17,231
|
|
|
$
|
21,483
|
|
Adjusted to exclude the following:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Acquisition and other related expenses
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
1,158
|
|
|
79
|
|
|
65
|
|
|
326
|
|
|
26
|
|
Stock-based compensation expense
|
593
|
|
|
552
|
|
|
565
|
|
|
643
|
|
|
983
|
|
|
1,179
|
|
|
2,220
|
|
|
2,870
|
|
Depreciation and amortization expense
|
182
|
|
|
222
|
|
|
194
|
|
|
302
|
|
|
768
|
|
|
928
|
|
|
1,015
|
|
|
991
|
|
Interest income
|
(385)
|
|
|
(397)
|
|
|
(362)
|
|
|
(320)
|
|
|
(137)
|
|
|
(73)
|
|
|
(42)
|
|
|
(49)
|
|
Provision for (benefit from) income taxes
|
(11,753)
|
|
|
983
|
|
|
1,840
|
|
|
2,707
|
|
|
471
|
|
|
380
|
|
|
5,306
|
|
|
1,402
|
|
Other (income) expense, net
|
12
|
|
|
16
|
|
|
37
|
|
|
48
|
|
|
290
|
|
|
93
|
|
|
(4,559)
|
|
|
11
|
|
Adjusted EBITDA
|
$
|
1,603
|
|
|
$
|
4,787
|
|
|
$
|
8,177
|
|
|
$
|
12,007
|
|
|
$
|
3,913
|
|
|
$
|
12,609
|
|
|
$
|
21,497
|
|
|
$
|
26,734
|
|
Revenue
|
$
|
22,060
|
|
|
$
|
25,548
|
|
|
$
|
32,426
|
|
|
$
|
36,354
|
|
|
$
|
36,388
|
|
|
$
|
45,113
|
|
|
$
|
58,709
|
|
|
$
|
66,687
|
|
Net Income Margin
|
59
|
%
|
|
13
|
%
|
|
18
|
%
|
|
21
|
%
|
|
4
|
%
|
|
22
|
%
|
|
29
|
%
|
|
32
|
%
|
Adjusted EBITDA Margin
|
7
|
%
|
|
19
|
%
|
|
25
|
%
|
|
33
|
%
|
|
11
|
%
|
|
28
|
%
|
|
37
|
%
|
|
40
|
%
|
Free Cash Flow and Free Cash Flow Margin
Free cash flow is a key performance measure that our management uses to assess our overall performance. We consider free cash flow to be a liquidity measure that provides useful information to management and investors about the amount of cash generated by our business that can be used for strategic opportunities, including investing in our business, making strategic acquisitions, and strengthening our financial position.
We calculate free cash flow as cash flow from operating activities less purchases of property and equipment and capitalized internal-use software development costs. We calculate free cash flow margin as free cash flow as a percentage of revenue. Because quarters are not uniform in terms of cash usage, we believe a TTM view provides the best understanding of the underlying trends of the business.
The following table presents a reconciliation of our free cash flow and free cash flow margin to the most comparable GAAP measure, net cash provided by operating activities and operating cash flow margin, for each of the periods indicated:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended March 31,
|
|
2019
|
|
2020
|
|
2021
|
|
(in thousands)
|
Net cash provided by operating activities
|
$
|
15,306
|
|
|
$
|
26,199
|
|
|
$
|
82,973
|
|
Purchases of property and equipment
|
(114)
|
|
|
(285)
|
|
|
(245)
|
|
Capitalized internal-use software
|
(1,076)
|
|
|
(3,959)
|
|
|
(4,365)
|
|
Free Cash Flow
|
$
|
14,116
|
|
|
$
|
21,955
|
|
|
$
|
78,363
|
|
Revenue
|
$
|
85,695
|
|
|
$
|
116,388
|
|
|
$
|
206,897
|
|
Operating Cash Flow Margin
|
18
|
%
|
|
23
|
%
|
|
40
|
%
|
Free Cash Flow Margin
|
16
|
%
|
|
19
|
%
|
|
38
|
%
|
Other cash flow components:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net cash used in investing activities
|
(9,067)
|
|
|
(13,095)
|
|
|
(70,417)
|
|
Net cash provided by financing activities
|
$
|
985
|
|
|
$
|
1,719
|
|
|
$
|
5,407
|
|
Although we believe free cash flow and free cash flow margin are useful indicators of business performance, free cash flow is presented for supplemental informational purposes only and should not be considered a substitute for financial information presented in accordance with GAAP. Free cash flow and free cash flow margin have limitations as an analytical tool and should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for analysis of other GAAP financial measures, such as cash provided by operating activities. Some of the limitations of free cash flow are that it may not properly reflect capital commitments that need to be paid in the future or future contractual commitments that have not been realized in the current period. Our free cash flow and free cash flow margin may not be comparable to similarly titled measures of other companies because they may not calculate free cash flow and free cash flow margin in the same manner as we calculate the measure, limiting its usefulness as a comparative measure.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Since inception, we have financed operations primarily through proceeds received from sales of equity securities and payments received from our customers. As of March 31, 2021, our principal sources of liquidity were cash and cash equivalents and marketable securities of $142.5 million. Our marketable securities consist of U.S. government and agency securities, corporate notes and bonds, commercial paper, tri-party repurchase agreements, certificates of deposit, asset-backed securities, and sovereign bonds.
We believe that our existing cash and cash equivalents and marketable securities will be sufficient to support working capital and capital expenditure requirements for at least the next 12 months.
Our future capital requirements will depend on many factors, including our revenue growth rate, the timing and the amount of cash received from customers, the expansion of sales and marketing activities, and the timing and extent of spending to support research and development efforts. Further, we may in the future enter into arrangements to acquire or invest in businesses and technologies. We may be required to seek additional equity or debt financing. In the event that additional financing is required from outside sources, we may not be able to raise it on terms acceptable to us or at all. If we are unable to raise additional capital when desired, our business, financial condition, and results of operations could be adversely affected.
Cash Flows
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended March 31,
|
|
2019
|
|
2020
|
|
2021
|
|
(in thousands)
|
Net cash provided by operating activities
|
$
|
15,306
|
|
|
$
|
26,199
|
|
|
$
|
82,973
|
|
Net cash used in investing activities
|
$
|
(9,067)
|
|
|
$
|
(13,095)
|
|
|
$
|
(70,417)
|
|
Net cash provided by financing activities
|
$
|
985
|
|
|
$
|
1,719
|
|
|
$
|
5,407
|
|
Net cash provided by operating activities
Cash provided by operating activities was $15.3 million for the year ended March 31, 2019. This consisted of net income of $7.8 million, adjusted for non-cash items of $8.6 million and net changes in operating assets and liabilities of $1.1 million. Non-cash items primarily consisted of amortization of deferred contract costs of $5.1 million, stock-based compensation expense of $2.3 million, bad debt expense of $0.6 million, and depreciation and amortization expense of $0.6 million. The net changes in operating assets and liabilities were primarily driven by an increase of $4.9 million in deferred revenue due to the addition of new customers and expansion from existing customers which are billed in advance of revenue recognition, a decrease of $2.5 million in accounts receivable due to timing of collections, an increase of $1.1 million in other liabilities, and an increase of $0.7 million in accounts payable, partially offset by an increase of $5.2 million in deferred contract costs due to increased sales activity, a decrease of $1.8 million in accrued liabilities due to timing of payments, an increase of $1.5 million in prepaid expenses and other current assets, and an increase of $1.8 million in other assets in support of our operational expansion.
Cash provided by operating activities was $26.2 million for the year ended March 31, 2020. This consisted of net income of $29.7 million, adjusted for non-cash items of $2.7 million and net changes in operating assets and liabilities of $6.3 million. Non-cash items primarily consisted of amortization of deferred contract costs of $5.1 million, stock-based compensation expense of $2.4 million, non-cash lease expense of $2.0 million, and depreciation and amortization expense of $0.9 million, partially offset by deferred income tax benefit of $7.1 million due to the release of the valuation allowance and utilization of net operating losses and accretion of discount on marketable securities of $0.4 million. The net changes in operating assets and liabilities were primarily driven by an increase of $13.3 million in deferred revenue due to the addition of new customers and expansion from existing customers which are billed in advance of revenue recognition, a decrease in other assets of $1.0 million, an increase of $3.4 million in accrued liabilities, an increase of $1.2 million in other liabilities, and an increase in accounts payable of $0.5 million due to timing of payments, increased operating expenditures to support overall growth, increased payroll-related accruals, partially offset by an increase of $12.0 million in accounts receivable due to increased sales resulting in higher billed amounts, an increase of $5.7 million in deferred contract costs due to increased sales activity, an increase of $4.0 million in prepaid expenses and other current assets in support of our operational expansion, and a decrease of $3.9 million in operating lease liabilities due to payments related to our operating lease obligations.
Cash provided by operating activities was $83.0 million for the year ended March 31, 2021. This consisted of net income of $50.2 million, adjusted for non-cash items of $22.7 million and net changes in operating assets and liabilities of $10.0 million. Non-cash items primarily consisted of amortization of deferred contract costs of $6.9 million, stock-based compensation expense of $7.3 million, deferred income tax expense of $5.0 million, depreciation and amortization expense of $3.7 million, non-cash lease expense of $2.4 million, and prepaid partner fees of $1.6 million, partially offset by a gain on sale of a portion of Curative Talent’s business of $4.7 million. The
net changes in operating assets and liabilities were primarily driven by an increase of $38.9 million in deferred revenue due to the addition of new customers and expansion from existing customers which are billed in advance of revenue recognition, an increase of $5.0 million in accrued liabilities and an increase of $2.5 million in other liabilities due to timing of payments, increased operating expenditures to support overall growth, increased payroll-related accruals, partially offset by an increase of $20.5 million in accounts receivable as a result of increased sales resulting in higher billed amounts, an increase of $9.4 million in deferred contract costs due to increased sales activity, an increase of $3.2 million in prepaid expenses and other current assets due to increased prepaid taxes, and a decrease of $2.6 million in operating lease liabilities due to payments related to our operating lease obligations.
Net cash used in investing activities
Cash used in investing activities was $9.1 million for the year ended March 31, 2019, which primarily consisted of purchases of marketable securities of $61.7 million and capitalization of internal-use software of $1.1 million, partially offset by proceeds from the maturities of marketable securities of $53.9 million.
Cash used in investing activities was $13.1 million for the year ended March 31, 2020, which primarily consisted of purchases of marketable securities of $79.1 million and capitalization of internal-use software of $4.0 million, partially offset by proceeds from the maturities of marketable securities of $70.3 million.
Cash used in investing activities was $70.4 million for the year ended March 31, 2021, which primarily consisted of purchases of marketable securities of $78.9 million, payments related to the acquisition of Curative Talent of $31.7 million, and capitalization of internal-use software of $4.4 million, partially offset by proceeds from the maturities of marketable securities of $40.5 million and $4.2 million from the proceeds from the sale of a portion of Curative Talent’s business.
Net cash provided by financing activities
Cash provided by financing activities was $1.0 million for the year ended March 31, 2019 from proceeds from the exercise of stock options.
Cash provided by financing activities was $1.7 million for the year ended March 31, 2020, primarily from proceeds from the exercise of stock options.
Cash provided by financing activities was $5.4 million for the year ended March 31, 2021, which primarily consisted of $8.9 million of net proceeds from the exercise of stock options, partially offset by $1.5 million in payments for deferred offering costs and $2.0 million from the repurchase and retirement of common stock.
Contractual Obligations and Commitments
The following table summarizes our contractual obligations and commitments as of March 31, 2021:
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Payments Due By Period
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Total
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Less than 1 Year
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1-3 Years
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3-5 Years
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More than 5 Years
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(in thousands)
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Operating lease commitments
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$
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1,286
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|
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$
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997
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|
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$
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289
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$
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—
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$
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—
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Purchase commitments
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8,230
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7,673
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557
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—
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—
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Total
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$
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9,516
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$
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8,670
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$
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846
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$
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—
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$
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—
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The commitment amounts in the table above are associated with contracts that are enforceable and legally binding and that specify all significant terms. Our operating lease commitments relate primarily to our office facilities. Purchase commitments relate mainly to cloud infrastructure agreements and subscription arrangements used to facilitate our operations. Our long-term purchase commitments may be satisfied earlier than in the payment periods presented above as we continue to grow and scale our business.
Off Balance Sheet Arrangements
We did not have during the periods presented, and we do not currently have, any off-balance sheet financing arrangements or any relationships with unconsolidated entities or financial partnerships, including entities sometimes referred to as structured finance or special purpose entities, that were established for the purpose of facilitating off-balance sheet arrangements or other contractually narrow or limited purposes.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
Our consolidated financial statements and the related notes thereto included elsewhere in this prospectus are prepared in accordance with GAAP. The preparation of our financial statements also requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts stated in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. We base our estimates and judgments on historical experience and on various other assumptions that we believe are reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results could differ significantly from the estimates made by management. To the extent that there are differences between our estimates and actual results, our future financial statement presentation, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows will be affected.
We believe that the accounting policies described below involve a significant degree of judgment and complexity. Accordingly, we believe these are the most critical to aid in fully understanding and evaluating our consolidated financial condition and results of operations. For further information, see Note 2 to our consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus.
Revenue Recognition
We account for revenue in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) Topic 606, Revenue From Contracts With Customers (ASC 606) for all periods presented.
Our revenue is primarily derived from the sale of subscriptions for the following solutions:
•Marketing Solutions: Hosting of customer-sponsored content on the Doximity platform and providing access to our professional database of healthcare professionals for referral or marketing purposes during the subscription period.
•Hiring Solutions: Providing customers access to our professional tools where recruiters can access our database of healthcare professionals, allowing customers to send messages for talent sourcing and to share job postings during the subscription period.
We determine revenue recognition in accordance with ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, through the following five steps:
1)Identify the contract with a customer
We consider the terms and conditions of our contracts and our customary business practices in identifying our contracts under ASC 606. We determine we have a contract with a customer when the contract has been approved by both parties, we can identify each party’s rights regarding the services to be transferred and the payment terms for the services, we have determined the customer to have the ability and intent to pay, and the contract has commercial substance. At contract inception, we evaluate whether two or more contracts should be combined and accounted for as a single contract. We apply judgment in determining the customer’s ability and intent to pay, which is based on a variety of factors, including the customer’s payment history or, in the case of a new customer, credit and financial information pertaining to the customer.
Contractual terms for Marketing Solutions contracts are generally 12 months or less. The contractual term for Hiring Solutions contracts is typically 12 months. Customers are generally billed in advance based on contractual milestones during the subscription term. Certain Marketing Solutions contracts are cancellable with a 30-day notice period. We are not required to refund any prepayment fees invoiced and customers are responsible for prorated amounts to cover services that were provided but payment was not made. Contracts related to Hiring Solutions are
non-cancellable and customers are billed in annual, quarterly, or monthly installments in advance of the service period.
2)Identify the performance obligations in the contract
Performance obligations promised in a contract are identified based on the services that will be transferred to the customer that are both capable of being distinct, whereby the customer can benefit from the service either on its own or together with other resources that are readily available, and are distinct in the context of the contract, whereby the transfer of the services is separately identifiable from other promises in the contract.
Marketing Solutions customers may purchase a subscription for a specific module to be used over a defined period of time. These customers may purchase more than one module with either the same or different subscription periods. Modules are the core building blocks of our customers’ marketing plan and can be broadly categorized as Awareness, Interactivity, and Peer. As an example, our Awareness modules may include:
•A sponsored article, including a headline that appears in the targeted member’s newsfeed.
•Short, animated videos that are presented in targeted members’ newsfeeds.
•Short-form content that is presented within the targeted members’ newsfeeds.
Each module targets a consistent number of Doximity members per month for the duration of the subscription period. We treat each subscription to a specific module as a distinct performance obligation because each module is capable of being distinct as the customer can benefit from the subscription to each module on its own and each subscription can be sold standalone. Furthermore, the subscriptions to individual modules are distinct in the context of the contract as (1) we are not integrating the services with other services promised in the contract into a bundle of services that represent a combined output, (2) the subscriptions to specific modules do not significantly modify or customize the subscription to another module, and (3) the specific modules are not highly interdependent or highly interrelated. The subscription to each module is treated as a series of distinct performance obligations because it is distinct and substantially the same, satisfied over time, and has the same measure of progress.
Marketing Solutions customers may also purchase integrated subscriptions for a fixed subscription fee that are not tied to a single module but allow customers to utilize any combination of modules during the subscription period subject to limits on the total number of modules active at any given time and members targeted. These represent stand-ready obligations in that the delivery of the underlying sponsored content is within the control of the customer and the extent of use in any given period does not diminish the remaining services.
Some customers have negotiated to receive credits to purchase additional services at no extra cost if certain metrics have not been achieved. These credits are accounted for as material rights.
Subscriptions to Hiring Solutions provide customers access to the platform to place targeted job postings and send a fixed number of monthly messages. Each subscription is treated as a series of distinct performance obligations that are satisfied over time.
3)Determine the transaction price
The transaction price is determined based on the consideration we expect to be entitled to in exchange for transferring services to the customer. Variable consideration is included in the transaction price if, in our judgment, it is probable that a significant future reversal of cumulative revenue recognized under the contract will not occur.
We may generate sales through the use of third-party media agencies that are authorized to enter into contracts on behalf of an end customer. We act as the principal in these transactions since we maintain control prior to transferring the service to the customer and are primarily responsible for the fulfillment that occurs through our platform. We record revenue for the amount to which we are entitled from the third-party media agencies as we do not know and expect not to know the price charged by the third-party media agencies to our customers.
Revenue is recognized net of any taxes collected from customers, which are subsequently remitted to governmental entities.
4)Allocate the transaction price to performance obligations in the contract
If the contract contains a single performance obligation, the entire transaction price is allocated to the single performance obligation. Contracts that contain multiple performance obligations require an allocation of the transaction price to each performance obligation based on a relative stand-alone selling price, or SSP. The determination of an SSP for each distinct performance obligation requires judgment. We determine SSP for performance obligations based on overall pricing objectives, which take into consideration market conditions and customer-specific factors, including a review of internal discounting tables, the type of services being sold, and other factors.
The estimate of standalone selling price is based on historical sales of standalone services. We estimate standalone selling price for arrangements where standalone sales do not provide sufficient evidence of standalone selling price. We believe the use of our estimation approach and allocation of the transaction price on a relative SSP basis to each performance obligation results in revenue recognition in a manner consistent with the underlying economics of the transaction and the allocation principle included in ASC 606.
5)Recognize revenue when or as we satisfy a performance obligation
Revenue is recognized when or as control of the promised goods or service is transferred to the customer, in an amount that reflects the consideration that we expect to receive in exchange for those goods or services. Subscriptions represent a series of distinct goods or services because the performance obligations are satisfied over time as customers simultaneously receive and consume the benefits related to the services as we perform. In the case of module-specific subscriptions, a consistent level of service is provided during each monthly period the sponsored content is available on our platform. We commence revenue recognition when the first content is launched on the platform for the initial monthly period and revenue is recognized over time as each subsequent content period is delivered. Our obligation for our integrated subscriptions is to stand-ready throughout the subscription period; therefore, we consider an output method of time to measure progress towards satisfaction of our obligations with revenue commencing upon the beginning of the subscription period.
We treat Hiring Solutions subscriptions as a single performance obligation that represents a series of distinct performance obligations that is satisfied over time. Revenue recognition commences when the customer receives access to the services.
Other revenue consists of fees earned from the temporary staffing and permanent placement of healthcare professionals resulting from the acquisition of Curative on April 1, 2020. Revenue is recognized when control of these services is transferred to our customers, in an amount that reflects the consideration we expect to be entitled to in exchange for those services.
Stock-Based Compensation
We account for stock-based awards granted to employees, directors, and non-employees based on the awards’ estimated grant-date fair value.
The fair value of each stock option is estimated using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. Generally, stock-based compensation expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period. The resulting fair value, net of estimated forfeitures, is recognized on a straight-line basis over the period during which an employee is required to provide service in exchange for the award, which is generally four years. Estimated forfeitures are based upon our historical experience and we revise our estimates, if necessary, in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ from initial estimates.
Determining the fair value of stock-based awards at the grant date requires judgment. The determination of the grant-date fair value of options using an option-pricing model is affected by our estimated common stock fair value as well as assumptions regarding a number of other complex and subjective variables. These variables include the expected term of the options, the expected stock price volatility over the expected term of the options, risk-free interest rates, and expected dividends.
These assumptions are estimated as follows:
•Fair value of underlying common stock. Due to the lack of public market for our common stock, management, with the assistance of an independent third-party valuation firm, determined the common stock fair value at the time of the grant of stock options by considering a number of objective and subjective factors, including our actual operating and financial performance, market conditions and performance of comparable publicly traded companies, developments and milestones in the business, the likelihood of achieving a liquidity event, and transactions involving the our common stock, among other factors.
•Risk-Free Interest Rate. We base the risk-free interest rate used in the Black-Scholes option-pricing model on the implied yield available on U.S. Treasury zero-coupon issues with an equivalent expected term of the options for each option group.
•Expected Volatility. We determine the expected volatility based on the historical volatilities of several publicly listed peer companies corresponding to the expected term of the awards, as we do not have trading history for our common stock.
•Expected Term. For stock options, we estimate the expected term based on the simplified method, which is the weighted average of the vesting period and contractual term, as our historical share option exercise experience does not provide a reasonable basis upon which to estimate the expected term.
•Expected dividend yield. We have not historically issued dividends and our current expectations are that we will not issue a dividend.
Common Stock Valuation
Because our common stock is not publicly traded, our board of directors exercises significant judgment in determining the fair value of our common stock on the date of each grant. In determining the fair market value of our common stock, our board of directors considers several objective and subjective factors, as noted above, with input from management and assistance from an independent third-party valuation firm.
In valuing our common stock, we first determine the equity value using both the income and market approach valuation methods. In addition, we also consider values implied by sales of preferred and common stock, if applicable. We then allocate the equity value to our classes of stock using an option pricing method.
The income approach estimates equity value based on the expectation of future cash flows that we will generate. These future cash flows, and an assumed terminal value, are discounted to their present values using a discount rate based on a weighted-average cost of capital that reflects the risks inherent in the cash flows. The market approach estimates equity value based on a comparison of the subject company to comparable public companies in a similar line of business as us. From the comparable companies, a representative market value multiple is determined and then applied to our financial forecasts.
Once we determine an equity value, we use a combination of approaches to allocate the equity value to each of our classes of stock. We used an option pricing model, which allocates values to each equity class by creating a series of call options on our equity value, with exercise prices based on the liquidation preferences, participation rights, and strike prices of the equity instruments. In determining the estimated fair value of our common stock, we consider the fact that our stockholders could not freely trade our common stock in the public markets. Accordingly, we also applied a lack of marketability discount to the equity value.
Following this offering, it will not be necessary to determine the fair value of our common stock, as our shares will be traded in the public market.
Business Combinations
We account for business combinations using the acquisition method of accounting, which requires, among other things, allocation of the fair value of purchase consideration to the tangible and intangible assets acquired and
liabilities assumed at their estimated fair values on the acquisition date. The excess of the fair value of purchase consideration over the values of these identifiable assets and liabilities is recorded as goodwill. When determining the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed, we make significant estimates and assumptions, particularly with respect to the valuation of intangible assets. Our estimates of fair value are based upon assumptions believed to be reasonable, but which are inherently uncertain and unpredictable and, as a result, actual results may differ from estimates. Acquisition costs, such as legal and consulting fees, are expensed as incurred.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
Refer to Note 2 to our consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus for recently adopted accounting pronouncements and recently issued accounting pronouncements not yet adopted.
Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012
We are an emerging growth company, as defined in the JOBS Act. The JOBS Act provides that an emerging growth company can take advantage of an extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards. This provision allows an emerging growth company to delay the adoption of some accounting standards until those standards would otherwise apply to private companies. We have elected to use the extended transition period under the JOBS Act for the adoption of certain accounting standards until the earlier of the date we (i) are no longer an emerging growth company or (ii) affirmatively and irrevocably opt out of the extended transition period provided in the JOBS Act. As a result, our financial statements may not be comparable to companies that comply with new or revised accounting pronouncements as of public company effective dates.
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
Substantially all of our operations are within the United States and we do not have any foreign currency exposure. We are exposed to market risks in the ordinary course of our business, including the effects of interest rate changes and inflation.
Interest rate risk
Our cash and cash equivalents and marketable securities primarily consist of cash on hand and highly liquid investments in money market instruments, corporate notes and bonds, as well as U.S. and other government securities. As of March 31, 2021, we had cash and cash equivalents of $66.4 million and marketable securities of $76.1 million. We do not enter into investments for trading or speculative purposes. Our investments are exposed to market risk due to fluctuations in interest rates, which may affect our interest income and the fair value of our investments. Fixed rate securities may have their market value adversely affected due to a rise in interest rates, while floating rate securities may produce less income than expected if interest rates fall. Due in part to these factors, our future investment income may fall short of expectation due to changes in interest rates or we may suffer losses in principal if we are forced to sell securities that decline in market value due to changes in interest rates.
We do not believe that an increase or decrease in interest rates of 100-basis points would have a material effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations. Fluctuations in the value of our investments caused by a change in interest rates are recorded in other comprehensive income and are realized only if we sell the underlying securities.
Impact of inflation
We do not believe that inflation has had a material effect on our business, results of operations, or financial condition. Nonetheless, if our costs were to become subject to significant inflationary pressures, we may not be able to fully offset such higher costs. Our inability or failure to do so could harm our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
BUSINESS
Overview
We are the leading digital platform for U.S. medical professionals, as measured by the number of U.S. physician members, with over 1.8 million medical professional members as of March 31, 2021. Our members include more than 80% of physicians across all 50 states and every medical specialty.
Our mission is to help every physician be more productive and provide better care for their patients. We are physicians-first, putting technology to work for doctors instead of the other way around. That guiding principle has enabled Doximity to become an essential and trusted professional platform for physicians. Our cloud-based platform provides our members with tools specifically built for medical professionals, enabling them to collaborate with their colleagues, securely coordinate patient care, conduct virtual patient visits, stay up-to-date with the latest medical news and research, and manage their careers. Doximity membership is free for physicians. Our revenue-generating customers, primarily pharmaceutical manufacturers and healthcare systems, have access to a suite of commercial solutions that benefit from broad physician usage.
Physicians are the key decision makers in healthcare, directing more than 73% of the approximately $4.0 trillion in total U.S. healthcare spend.5 Despite their critical role, physicians face challenges caused by fragmented knowledge bases and antiquated technologies. These challenges inhibit physicians’ ability to effectively connect with specialists and colleagues, instantaneously access relevant and up-to-date medical information, and efficiently deliver patient care.
Cloud-based software has transformed the ability to network, communicate, and work across most industries, but has been slow to address the specific needs of medical professionals. For example, in the U.S. healthcare system, attaching documents has been primarily manual with 80% transmitted via mail and fax. On average, it takes a medical provider 11 minutes to submit an attachment manually by mail or fax compared to less than half the time using electronic methods, hindering care coordination in a modern world where a patient might quickly need input from various specialists. The impact of antiquated technology is real: according to a survey conducted on behalf of The Physicians Foundation by Merritt Hawkins, 78% of physicians have experienced feelings of professional burnout, with electronic health record design and interoperability identified as one of the factors they find least satisfying about medical practice.6
Doximity’s cloud-based platform puts modern software tools in the hands of physicians and other medical professionals. Our members have come to rely on us to help them efficiently manage their work day. At the core of our platform is the largest medical professional network in the nation, which creates proximity within our community of doctors and hundreds of thousands of other medical professionals. Our verified member profiles digitize the traditional curriculum vitae, highlighting clinical expertise and reflecting the unique training, certifications, research, and employment affiliations that differentiate medical professionals. Our members can search and connect with colleagues and specialists, which allows them to better coordinate patient care and streamline referrals. In addition, they can discover career opportunities unique to their clinical skill sets. Our Doximity app enjoyed a 4.8/5 star rating with over 100,000 reviews in the Apple App Store as of March 31, 2021.
We support physicians in an era of information overload, by solving signal-to-noise challenges with our news tools. Our newsfeed addresses the ever increasing sub-specialization of medical expertise and volume of medical research by delivering news and information that is relevant to each individual physician's patient population, clinical practice, and professional relationships.
We support physicians in their day-to-day practice of medicine with mobile-friendly and easy-to-use clinical workflow tools such as voice and video telehealth, secure messaging, and digital faxing. Our focus on clinician-centric product design and productivity has led to high levels of health professional adoption and endorsement. We had over 300,000 unique active providers use our telehealth tools in the quarter ended March 31, 2021.
5 Center for Medicare & Medicaid Services, including categories of hospital care, physician and clinical services, retail prescription drugs, nursing care facilities & continuing care retirement communities, home healthcare, and durable medical equipment.
6 2018 Survey of America's Physicians Practice Patterns and Perspectives, The Physicians Foundation by Merritt Hawkins, September 2018.
Our business model is designed to both respect and support physicians while driving value for our customers. We monetize our platform today through our Marketing, Hiring, and Telehealth Solutions. Our Marketing Solutions enable our pharmaceutical and health system customers to get the right content, services, and peer connections to the right medical professionals through a variety of modules. As healthcare companies are relatively under-invested in digital, we work closely with our pharmaceutical and health system customers to educate them on the best way to use our platform. We are hyper-focused on the experience of each Doximity member, ensuring that this marketed content is relevant and useful to each member’s practice and patient population. As a result, our Marketing Solutions deliver high engagement and ROI on our customers’ spend and help those customers embrace the shift to digital marketing. We focus on delivering measurable value to our customers, and we count 20 out of the top 20 pharmaceutical manufacturers and 20 of the top 20 hospitals and health systems in the U.S. News & World Report Best Hospitals Honor Roll among our customers.
Our Hiring Solutions provide digital recruiting capabilities to health systems and medical recruiting firms. Our Hiring Solutions enable our customers to identify, connect with, and hire from our network of both active and passive potential medical professional candidates, who might otherwise be missed through traditional recruiting channels. With both a self-service recruitment platform and a full-service offering, we provide our Hiring Solutions customers with a variety of options to meet their staffing needs.
As the COVID-19 pandemic placed unprecedented strain on the U.S. healthcare delivery system, and healthcare providers and patients increasingly needed access to effective and easy-to-use virtual care tools, we launched our enterprise-level Telehealth Solutions for health systems, with a beta version available in April and a full launch in May of 2020. Our Telehealth Solutions, which are software tools that include voice and video Dialer, are designed to easily connect patients with care providers. We delivered over 63 million telehealth visits in fiscal 2021. As a result, we have seen rapid adoption of our commercial Telehealth Solutions, with subscription agreements signed with over 150 health systems as of March 31, 2021.
The ecosystem we have created in the medical community benefits from powerful network effects. Medical professional engagement with our platform increases as the breadth and utility of our tools expands, attracting even more members and driving broader and more effective communication and collaboration among healthcare professionals. This also drives greater value for our pharmaceutical and health system customers that seek to interact with specific groups of physicians. In turn, the insights that we gain from increased use of our platform enable us to invest in improving our tools and solutions to meet the changing needs of our members, customers, and the patients that they care for, ultimately creating a win-win-win for all constituents in our ecosystem.
Over the past ten years, our member interactions have enabled us to build a vast, interactive data set intelligently combining proprietary information and previously siloed public information. When coupled with our customized algorithms and our team of analysts, engineers, and clinical experts, we believe this gives us unique, unparalleled insight into the specific needs of medical professionals in the United States that would be highly challenging and time consuming for any competitor to replicate.
Our subscription-based business model and strong relationships with both pharmaceutical manufacturers and health systems drive highly visible revenue. We do not generate revenue from membership of medical professionals, other than a de minimis amount generated from member subscriptions for Dialer Pro. We are able to grow revenue from existing customers through an effective land and expand strategy, demonstrated by our 153% net revenue retention rate as of March 31, 2021 (see the section titled “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Key Business and Financial Metrics” for additional information). Our pharmaceutical manufacturer customers typically start by purchasing one module on behalf of a single brand within their portfolio of medications, and then expand to their other brands as well as add on additional modules over time. For example, for one top 20 pharmaceutical customer, we began working with one brand and one module in fiscal 2013 and we worked with 29 brands within their portfolio of medications and an average of 3 modules per brand in fiscal 2021. In the case of health systems, we either expand our Marketing Solutions across different service lines and add on additional modules, or we sell additional solutions such as Hiring and Telehealth.
Our business model has delivered high revenue growth at scale, while increasing profitability. For the years ended March 31, 2020 and 2021, we recorded revenue of $116.4 million and $206.9 million, respectively,
representing a year-over-year growth rate of 78%. Our net income was $29.7 million and $50.2 million for the years ended March 31, 2020 and 2021, respectively. For the years ended March 31, 2020 and 2021, we generated Adjusted EBITDA of $26.6 million and $64.8 million, respectively. We have accomplished this while focusing on our core mission to help every physician be more productive and provide better care for their patients.
While we service two audiences with differing needs, our revenue-generating customers value our mission of putting our physician members first. Our member network of medical professionals attracts our customers, who provide commercial offerings, which in return bring value to our members. We consistently prioritize our members’ experience, who drive the interest our customers have in investing in our solutions. We hold advisory sessions with both our physician members and paying customers throughout the year to understand both audiences’ needs, and we look for commercial solutions that are a net benefit to our members, including adding more postings to our job boards, allowing our Telehealth Solutions to be custom-branded to the customer’s own health system, providing scientific information regarding clinical trial results, allowing doctors to connect with local experts to improve the quality of care they provide, and other services.
Industry Background and Challenges
U.S. healthcare expenditures were estimated at approximately $4.0 trillion in 2020, and are expected to grow to $6.2 trillion by 2028, according to CMS. While healthcare is one of the largest sectors of the U.S. economy, it has been slow to benefit from many of the technology-based improvements that have transformed other industries, presenting physicians, pharmaceutical manufacturers, and health systems with a number of challenges.
Challenges for Medical Professionals
•Fragmented, antiquated systems and technology do not work for an increasingly mobile and modern healthcare workplace. The rise of health systems seeking locum tenens work, where professionals work temporarily at practices in different towns or even states, is making the medical profession significantly more mobile. The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated this problem, as providers chose to see patients from the safety and convenience of their own homes. However, physicians often still use manual signatures and depend on legacy tools such as fax machines to approve insurer, pharmacy, or lab authorizations. The antiquated and fragmented nature of healthcare workflows hinders the ability of physicians to work efficiently and achieve the best patient care in today's mobile and modern workplace.
•Difficulty discovering relevant, high-quality content. Medical professionals need to stay up to date on the latest treatments and research. In 2020 alone, PubMed, a search engine for biomedical and life sciences literature, tracked over 1.5 million new citations in its database, bringing their cumulative number to 32 million. Physicians typically have to proactively seek out multiple, disparate sources to access this information. They lack a comprehensive platform that both aggregates the content most relevant to their specialty and interests, and presents this content in a unified, easy-to-access feed.
•Medical knowledge is growing exponentially, driving deeper sub-specialization. The practice of medicine is changing due to both an increase in medical advancements and changes to the way healthcare is delivered. This is paving the way for new fields of practice and greater sub-specialization. Health systems need to employ a variety of professionals with specialty and sub-specialty expertise, and physicians need to be able to efficiently identify, refer to, and coordinate the care of patients with specialists.
•Lack of HIPAA-compliant communication and workflow tools designed for physicians. Business communication tools used in other industries often lack the HIPAA-compliant protocols required for communications between medical professionals. Meanwhile, healthcare-specific tools are often developed to meet the requirements of health system administrators who typically make purchasing decisions, but often fail to accommodate the realities of a physician’s daily workflows. This is further exacerbated when communication is required to coordinate care across health systems that do not share the same communication infrastructure.
•Lack of purpose-built digital platforms for professional development. The number of physicians in private practice has steadily fallen, and therefore career networking has risen in importance. Furthermore,
medical students have historically lacked comprehensive information about residency programs to inform their career choices. A go-to platform for residencies and job opportunities across all specialties is critical for students and practicing physicians alike.
Challenges for Pharmaceutical Manufacturers:
•Declining impact of traditional sales methods. Traditionally, in-person sales representatives have been the most common way for pharmaceutical manufacturers to communicate with physicians. This channel was experiencing long-term decline in access well before the COVID-19 pandemic made in-person sales representative visits largely untenable. According to ZS Associates, Inc.'s AccessMonitor Report, pharmaceutical sales representative call activity including telephone and virtual visits was at 76% of pre-COVID baselines in March 2021. Excluding telephone and virtual visits, their face-to-face call activity was approximately 53% of pre-COVID baselines. As a result of both short-term and longer-term pressures, pharmaceutical manufacturers have been shifting their marketing budgets toward digital mediums, which we expect will continue after the COVID-19 pandemic ends.
•Increasing sub-specialization presents cost and access difficulties in educating the relevant physicians. Scientific advances are increasing the specialization, complexity, and pace of medications coming to market, and pharmaceutical manufacturers face difficulties in accessing and educating the relevant specialists for new medications and clinical trials. Physicians choose when to admit a patient to the hospital, order blood tests and MRIs, act as principal investigators for clinical trials, prescribe treatments, and conduct surgical procedures. Educating the suitable physicians on the benefits of the pharmaceutical products is critical for improving patient care, which in turn facilitates commercial success for pharmaceutical manufacturers.
•Lack of targeted, customized marketing solutions. Traditional sales and marketing channels lack the accuracy that digital channels are able to provide in terms of choosing specific physician audiences and tailoring content to them. Typical marketing platforms include scientific journals, industry conferences, and other offline methods that lack the accuracy of a comprehensive digital medical network linked to physician qualifications, specialties, and locations.
•Highly regulated environment requires industry-specific skills. Pharmaceutical marketing materials require careful vetting in light of regulatory restrictions, requiring industry-specific knowledge. This includes being trained on the manufacturer’s medical, legal, and regulatory content approval process, having systems in place to support U.S. Food and Drug Administration filings, ensuring that all content delivery includes appropriate fair balance of disclosures and links to safety information, and systems for tracking content approval expiration dates.
Challenges for Health Systems:
•Lack of effective channels to enhance brand awareness to attract new patient referrals. Health systems lack effective channels to help their physicians identify specialists and new services within hospital systems that can best care for their patients that need their services, especially for many specialties and sub-specialties. Health systems have started to adopt digital marketing solutions to address this challenge, but require solutions that address their specific needs.
•Traditional recruiting channels are largely offline, manual and inefficient. Health systems have relied on traditional medical recruiting firms to fulfill their hiring needs. These solutions use expensive manual search and outreach methodologies, as they lack the accuracy and holistic search capability that a digital network is able to offer across specialties and locations.
•Lack of reliable, easy-to-use telehealth solutions, optimized for both physician and patient end-users. Health systems have turned to telehealth to enhance productivity and improve patient experiences, but these solutions can be difficult for physicians and patients to use, unreliable, and often lack features tailored to medical use. New telehealth solutions often also have lengthy implementation periods or low adoption rates because they require the reorganization of clinical workflows and extensive user training.
Our Market Opportunity
We believe our market opportunity is substantial and growing. We estimate our current total addressable market to be approximately $18.5 billion across our platform solutions today. This comprises a $7.3 billion opportunity in U.S. pharmaceutical marketing to medical professionals, a $6.9 billion opportunity in U.S. health system marketing and staffing, and a $4.3 billion opportunity in U.S. software telehealth. We expect our penetration of this market opportunity to grow over time as pharmaceutical manufacturers and health systems shift more of their marketing budgets to digital channels. According to IDC, the U.S. healthcare and pharmaceutical industry is expected to spend 38% of its total advertising expenditure on digital channels in 2025, a 37% increase in digital share from 2020.
Pharmaceutical Marketing
Pharmaceutical manufacturers use a variety of marketing activities to increase disease and brand awareness, expand product knowledge, and grow the overall market for their products and services. To achieve this, it is estimated that pharmaceutical marketing spend in the United States was approximately $33.0 billion in 2019. Of this $33.0 billion, pharmaceutical companies spent $23.3 billion7 on marketing to medical professionals and $9.7 billion8 on marketing direct-to-consumer. Of the $23.3 billion spent on marketing to medical professionals, we exclude the $16.0 billion spent on drug samples9 to get to our $7.3 billion addressable market.
We believe this to be our addressable market as our highly targeted marketing campaigns provide an effective channel to physicians and other medical professionals. Pharmaceutical manufacturers typically assess spend allocations on an annual basis, so the drug samples and direct-to-consumer spend may become addressable in the future if those dollars shift to physician marketing.
Health System Marketing & Staffing
Our unmatched medical professional network enables health systems to market themselves directly to physicians, both expanding their ability to attract new patients through referrals and recruit talent in a highly targeted way.
Marketing spend by healthcare providers was projected to be $9.9 billion in 2020 and is expected to reach $11.4 billion by 2024, according to a report published by BIA Advisory Services in 2020.10 Of this spend, an estimated 49% is driven by hospitals, representing an addressable market for our Marketing Solutions for health systems of $4.8 billion in 2020.
The healthcare staffing market in the United States had spend of $17.0 billion in 2019, according to a report published by GVR in 2018.11 Of this spend, an estimated $4.3 billion is spent on physician staffing or locum tenens, which our Hiring Solutions currently address. We estimate our net revenue opportunity from this market to be $1.4 billion. We add $0.7 billion of spend on permanent staffing solutions to our market opportunity for Hiring Solutions, which we derive from our estimated model of just over 1 million physicians in the United States according to the Kaiser Family Foundation.12 Of these more than 1 million physicians, 9% change jobs annually.13 We estimate that 27% of physicians that change jobs use placement services at an average fee of approximately $25,500 per placement.14 As the demand for scarce clinical talent increases, we anticipate that the scale and depth of our platform will further expand our staffing market opportunities.
Telehealth
According to the Telehealth Impact Study from the COVID-19 Healthcare Coalition, more than 80% of respondents indicated that telehealth improved the timeliness of care for their patients with a similar percentage
7 IQVIA, 2019 US ChannelDynamics. Includes Contact $, Retail Value of Samples $, Meetings & Events $, Journal $ and Mail $.
8 Kantar Media Intelligence, 2019 US Healthcare Ad Spend.
9 IQVIA, 2019 US ChannelDynamics, Retail Value of Samples $.
10http://www.biakelsey.com/wp-content/uploads/BIA-Healthcare-Vertical-Ad-Report-2020.pdf - Personal care spend and pharma $ excluded.http://www.biakelsey.com/wp-content/uploads/BIA-Healthcare-Vertical-Ad-Report-2020.pdf.
11 Healthcare Staffing Market Analysis and Forecast to 2025 GVR Research April 2018 Extracted from EMIS.
12 The Kaiser Family Foundation State Health Facts. Data Source: Redi-Data, Inc. September 2020.
13 AAPPR In-House Physician and Provider Recruitment Benchmarking 2020 Annual Report, The Association for Advancing Physician and Provider Recruitment.
14 AAPPR In-House Physician and Provider Recruitment Benchmarking 2020 Annual Report, The Association for Advancing Physician and Provider Recruitment.
saying that their patients have reacted favorably to using telehealth for care. The same report found that 68% of respondents are motivated to increase telehealth use in their practices. We believe that the opportunity for our Telehealth Solutions is significant in light of these shifting trends.
We estimate that the total addressable market for our Telehealth Solutions is $4.3 billion. There are approximately 55,00015 care locations that are addressable by our Dialer Enterprise offering. Additionally, there are 1.8 million physicians and other healthcare professionals who we estimate would not be covered by Dialer Enterprise and would be addressable by our individual Dialer Pro offering. Using average contract sizes and annual subscription fees, we estimate the total near-term opportunity is $4.3 billion.
Our Value Proposition
As the largest professional medical network in the United States, we are in a unique position to provide significant value to both our community of medical professionals, as well as our pharmaceutical manufacturer and health systems customers.
For Medical Professionals
We are purpose-built for medical professionals. Medicine has always been a networked profession, with generalists and specialists working together to treat patients and advance the field of medicine. Until now, the network of medical professionals that delivers healthcare was constrained by geographic and organizational boundaries. Our platform, with its modern tools, removes those boundaries and puts the power of information technology in the pockets of physicians everywhere. Our products are designed to put physicians first. We build tools that make doctors more informed, more productive, and more effective in their collective mission—to treat and heal all of us, the patients.
Smartphones and cloud-based software have transformed and improved how every consumer and business around the world finds information, communicates, markets, seeks employment, transacts, and gets work done. We are bringing the benefits of these technology innovations to physicians.
Our passion for addressing the workflow needs and practice pain points of clinicians is core to our product development. We believe that when the whole care team is connected, the medical sector can work more efficiently and have a bigger impact on patients. With our “physician-first” mentality, we listen to the needs of clinicians, and are inspired to build simple, easy-to-use tools to solve complex problems.
•Our network has an extensive reach. This includes over 80% of U.S. physicians, over 50% of U.S. nurse practitioners and physician assistants, and over 90% of graduating U.S. medical students as of March 31, 2021. The scale and breadth of our network provides medical professionals with unique access to their colleagues and peers nationwide, helping them coordinate care for patients and improve referrals. Verified identities behind our member profiles build trust in the ecosystem. Members can also rely on information being current and accurate, as we continuously and automatically update profiles with their recent press mentions, publications, and certifications.
•Our content is highly relevant. We provide access to valuable news, peer discussions, clinical and treatment-related research, and other medical resources, keeping our community of medical professional members up to date on rapidly changing medical knowledge in their respective fields. With the ever increasing sub-specialization of medical expertise, and the acceleration of clinical research, it is critical to deliver news and information that is relevant to an individual physician's area of practice. Our newsfeed is built for medicine, completing clinical and algorithmic analysis of over 200,000 articles per week.
•We digitize manual workflows. Our platform significantly enhances physician productivity by digitizing workflows that were previously highly manual and inefficient. Our telehealth, secure messaging, e-signature, and digital faxing tools are specifically tailored to physician use cases, and designed to be easily accessible from any web browser or smartphone. By bridging the physical and digital systems that doctors
15 Comprised of the total number of hospitals within in the U.S as of 2020 according to Fitch Solutions and the total number of emergency and other outpatient care centers within the United States as of 2020 according to IBISWorld.
already use in day-to-day practice, we help reduce the friction that they face across workflows, from receiving an initial patient referral to ongoing treatment and care coordination. Over 63 million telehealth visits were completed on our platform in fiscal 2021.
•We empower professional development. We provide medical professionals with the tools and resources to take control of their careers and develop from medical school through retirement. Our platform connects members to relevant career opportunities, and our Residency Navigator tool and interactive salary map give members unique insights and transparency to make informed decisions and plan their professional goals. Over 90% of graduating U.S. medical students join Doximity to use tools including Residency Navigator before earning their medical degree.
•We facilitate patients finding the right physicians. Our physician profiles power both the Doctor Finder tool on the U.S. News & World Report website and the publicly accessible physician directory on the Doximity website. These tools help patients discover Doximity members based on location, specialty, clinical expertise, and hospital affiliations, while helping our physician members grow their practice.
For Our Customers
We enable both pharmaceutical manufacturers and health systems to effectively reach the largest network of medical professionals in the United States with our Marketing, Hiring, and Telehealth Solutions.
Pharmaceutical Manufacturers
•We provide targeted, digital access to America’s largest network of physicians. Pharmaceutical manufacturers are able to use Doximity to run highly targeted marketing campaigns in a digital format, maximizing access to important physician audiences and reducing reliance on in-person sales representatives. Where we have measured ROI, customers have seen a median ROI of 10:1. These measurable, objective criteria allow our pharmaceutical customers to validate the impact of their digital channel marketing efforts.
•We cater to sub-specialties. Our platform is able to deliver critical and increasingly specialized knowledge directly to the most relevant physicians in a timely manner. Pharmaceutical manufacturers can use our platform to reach our members in order to deliver educational content about their products, from what their medication does and who it treats to who is the right patient and how they can pay for it. We customize and personalize our modules to ensure maximum relevance to each physician; for example, a module may adjust dynamically based on a doctor’s geographic location, specialty, or sub-specialty.
•Our solutions and customer success team cater to pharma-specific marketing needs. Our suite of modules, which include Awareness, Interactivity, and Peer, has been developed to meet the diverse needs of our pharmaceutical customers. We regularly develop and introduce new modules in response to physician and customer feedback. For example, in fiscal 2020, we launched a new module within our Awareness category as an offering for customers who do not have mobile-optimized videos. In fiscal 2021, we launched a new module within our Interactivity category that allows our members to contact a pharmaceutical sales representative. Our customer success teams collaborate with pharmaceutical manufacturers to adapt, author, and optimize their content and messaging in new formats such as video and for mobile-first consumption.
Health Systems
•Our Marketing Solutions are highly targeted. Like our pharmaceutical manufacturer customers, health systems are able to use our Marketing Solutions to run highly targeted campaigns to specialized audiences of physicians on our platform. Where we have measured ROI, health systems are able to promote brand awareness and develop new relationships with referring physicians at a proven median ROI of greater than 13:1.
•Our Hiring Solutions are highly effective. Health systems and medical recruiting firms are able to use Doximity for critical hiring needs across every specialty in all 50 states. Our Hiring Solutions are tech-enabled, allowing our customers to identify and connect with the best-fit candidates for their toughest-to-fill roles, and result in an over 9x higher click-through rate on recruitment messages than industry averages.
•We offer a trusted, reliable Telehealth Solution. Dialer was built for physicians and designed for reliability and ease-of-use with all patient demographics. We initially offered Dialer for free to members, and it became a trusted resource even before we bundled premium features into a commercial offering for health systems. Today, over 90% of U.S. hospitals have Dialer users at their facility, providing a robust organic sales funnel from our member-level offering to our Telehealth offering for health systems. This grassroots, user-led adoption has created built-in internal advocates and proof-points for health systems and hospital decision makers that Dialer will be a valuable platform for their organization. When deploying Dialer, many users have already adopted Dialer into their regular workflow, which significantly streamlines implementation relative to competitor solutions that require a full physician training on new technology. Our Telehealth Solution is reliable for physicians and user-friendly for patients, regardless of their comfort with technology, demographic background, or geographic location. This helps to boost patient satisfaction and decrease missed appointments. In a Doximity conducted survey, we found that 83% of physicians say they have better patient connection rates using Dialer compared to other offerings. Ultimately our Telehealth Solutions allow health systems and their physicians to care for more patients across a wider variety of specialties, use cases, and geographies, improving patient care.
Our Tools for Medical Professionals
The Doximity platform is free to join and use for U.S. medical professionals. Becoming a member of Doximity is as simple as navigating to our homepage or downloading our mobile app, and entering a first and last name and verifying real-name identity by National Prescriber Identifier, Social Security Number, Drug Enforcement Administration Registration Number, or medical email account confirmation. Our technology platform provides most medical professionals with a pre-populated profile using publicly and commercially available third-party data which members can further supplement, update, and refine.
Once verified, members gain access to our network, newsfeed, and—depending on their credentials—core features of our productivity tools, including telehealth.
Our Professional Network
•Profile. Members have a personalized and validated professional profile on the Doximity Network that acts as a digital curriculum vitae. Profile information includes education and training, hospital affiliations and practice contact information, certifications and licenses, specialization and clinical expertise, links to published research reports and press mentions, clinical trial participation, and any awards conferred. Our technology automatically searches for and updates new information on a daily basis. Members may also choose to share personal contact information (such as email or cell phone number) with other medical professionals on an individual, opt-in basis, each time they make a connection with another member.
•Connectivity with colleagues. Our network makes it easy for professionals to connect and stay in touch with the broader medical community. We regularly suggest new connections to members, such as co-residents, co-fellows, co-authors, colleagues from the same hospital or practice, and medical school classmates. As of March 31, 2021, over 56 million of these connections had been made with an average of over 50 colleagues per physician member, enabling referrals, sharing of medical knowledge, and career opportunities.
•Search. Members can use our powerful search technology to find other medical professionals by name, specialty, expertise, affiliation, or location. For example, a physician may have a patient with a chronic condition that requires specialist care at another health system or in another state. The physician can use our search tool to find the right expert for a right chronic condition at the closest health system, and potentially leverage mutual connections for a warm introduction.
•Careers. Our platform provides numerous tools that empower physicians to manage their careers effectively from training through retirement.
◦For practicing physicians. Members can browse permanent and locum tenens opportunities, set up job alerts to stay abreast of career opportunities matching their interests, and directly connect with our Hiring Solutions customers. Members also have access to detailed job market data, such as our Salary Map which provides a first-of-its-kind county-level look at physician compensation trends across specialties and geographies.
◦For students and residents. Members beginning their medical careers can discover and compare training programs across the country using Residency Navigator, a tool which provides a transparent look into U.S. medical residency programs, powered by peer nominations, ratings, and hand-written reviews, giving medical students the tools they need to navigate their future in medicine and to help choose the right program for their career goals. We do not accept fees or payments from hospitals or medical residency programs to impact their ranking or visibility on Residency Navigator. Residency Navigator serves as a relationship funnel for new members at the beginning of their medical careers. Over 90% of graduating U.S. medical students join Doximity to use tools including Residency Navigator before earning their medical degree.
Newsfeed
Our newsfeed serves as the personalized, curated home screen for each member when they sign on to the Doximity platform. We leverage artificial intelligence, or AI, including machine learning, or ML, to create a personalized and curated newsfeed for each of our members. Our platform provides access, free of charge to all of our members, to content from a variety of internal and third-party sources, including content created in-house and content linked to third-party sites (some of which may require a separate subscription).
•Medical articles. Our platform uses both algorithms and clinical editors to select content from a variety of sources based on a member’s profile and reading interests. Information used to select articles includes each member’s specialties, qualifications, connections, and content preferences, along with what is popular across our Network at that time. We are able to aggregate connections to relevant content from a variety of different sources, such as medical journals and specialist websites that a member might otherwise have to search for separately.
•Medical videos. Information about recent clinical trials or research results are distributed in an easy-to-consume video format, optimized for desktop or mobile viewing. Videos are designed to be brief, relevant and eye-catching to disseminate knowledge without wasting a physician’s time.
•Continuing Medical Education, or CME, credit. Our platform automatically tracks the articles that our members read, logging eligible CME credit for them as they go.
•Peer and colleague updates. Doximity members can stay abreast of and celebrate the professional updates and accomplishments of their peers and colleagues, from new jobs to awards, newly authored publications, and press mentions.
•Clinical discussions. Members can comment on and react to posts directly in their newsfeed. For example, members might discuss the results of a new clinical study, or even ask questions to the author of that study. Members can also submit for publication Op-Med articles, which is long-form content written by clinicians for clinicians, covering topics such as front-line experiences and practice-changing viewpoints. Ultimately, dialogue and interactive elements drive engagement within the ecosystem and facilitate peer-to-peer education.
•Sponsored content. Certain articles and videos are marked as sponsored content and are designed to be highly relevant to our members. These can appear to our members and are created in concert with our pharmaceutical and health systems customers and may include information about medications, clinical trials, guidelines and resources, and trends in medical and patient care. They are developed in collaboration with our customer success team to ensure they meet the high quality standards of our community.
Productivity
Members of our platform are able to access our productivity tools, a suite of HIPAA-compliant communication and digital workflow tools that are designed with their needs in mind to make their daily workflows more efficient. Historically, physicians have had to use a wide range of legacy tools that are time consuming, difficult to use for their day-to-day workflows, and can cause significant frustration. A survey conducted on behalf of The Physicians Foundation by Merritt Hawkins reported that 78% of physicians have experienced feelings of professional burnout, with electronic health record design and interoperability identified as one of the factors they find least satisfying about medical practice.16 We put the critical digital tools in one easy-to-use app and website.
•Digital Fax and eSignature. Allows physicians to send and receive HIPAA-compliant faxes through our mobile app or website. Members can electronically sign, edit, date, add attachments, and customize the cover page for their faxed documents, eliminating the need to print, manually sign, and rescan documents. This streamlines patient care coordination and digital record keeping.
•Secure Messaging. Enables members to collaborate securely regarding patient consultations, and coordinate care across multiple care team members, specialists, systems, or locations.
16 2018 Survey of America's Physicians Practice Patterns and Perspectives, The Physicians Foundation by Merritt Hawkins, September 2018.
•Voice Dialer. Provides physicians with the ability to call patients directly from their mobile phone while protecting the physician’s private number. To maintain privacy before Dialer, physicians would have to call patients from their office landline or dial *67 if calling from their mobile phone. With Dialer, physicians can pre-set their Caller ID to their office number so that when their patient’s phone rings, the patient sees that pre-set Caller ID, for example “San Mateo Health Clinic”. This both increases the chance a patient will answer the call and protects the physician’s privacy, enabling them to connect efficiently with patients on-the-go. Physicians can either initiate the call in the Doximity app, or use the leading EHR app, Haiku by Epic, to find a patient’s information and start a call with one tap.
•Video Dialer. Allows physicians to convert their smartphone and desktop to a telemedicine hub. Similar to Voice Dialer, physicians can initiate a video call from our app by entering the patient’s phone number. The patient receives an automated text message with a link to join the video call, and with one tap, the physician and patient are connected. No extra download or sign in is required for patients, making Video Dialer one of the easiest-to-use telemedicine solutions according to the Journal of the American College of Surgeons. Additional convenient features are accessible during a video call, such as the ability to easily add an interpreter or family member, or hand off the call to another member of the care team with one click, all in a HIPAA-compliant manner. Video calls can also be initiated on the desktop website and benefit from direct integration with the Epic Haiku app, just like voice Dialer.
Individual members of our Network have access to two versions of our voice and video dialer tools:
•Dialer Free is available to Doximity members at no cost.
•Dialer Pro is a premium subscription version of Dialer available to individual Doximity members and small healthcare organizations that is sold as a per-user annual license.
Physicians, physician assistants, and nurse practitioners on our network can upgrade from Dialer Free to Dialer Pro at any time. All other healthcare professionals, such as medical students and trainees, must upgrade to Dialer Pro once their free trial of Dialer Free has ended after 20 consecutive calls. In addition, our commercial Telehealth Solution for health systems, Dialer Enterprise, combines Dialer Pro with additional enterprise-level features. Our Video Dialer was launched in response to the COVID-19 pandemic to help our members stay safe and cope with the significant strains being placed on medical infrastructure in the United States. A recent JAMA publication found that after the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, the total number of in-person patient office visits declined by approximately 68% in April of 2020 in comparison to the prior year. Peer-reviewed research finds that physicians who used Doximity Dialer saw more Medicare patients and provided more services as compared to their pre-Doximity Dialer usage, suggesting improvements in physician productivity associated with the use of Dialer. Our productivity tools were broadly used among our member base prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, but during the pandemic, member engagement with these tools increased significantly.
Our Solutions for Healthcare Customers
We offer Marketing, Hiring, and Telehealth Solutions to pharmaceutical manufacturers, health systems, medical recruiting firms, and certain other healthcare companies on a predominantly subscription basis. In fiscal 2021, we had over 600 subscription customers, of which 200 contributed at least $100,000 of subscription revenue. Of these 200 customers, 29 contributed at least $1,000,000 in subscription revenue. Our solutions focus on win-wins for our
customers and our members, containing useful and relevant information for the physician's particular area of practice and their patients’ needs, while being respectful of their time.
Marketing Solutions
We provide a digital marketing platform for pharmaceutical manufacturers and health systems to serve our members with tailored content that is highly relevant to their clinical practices. Pharmaceutical manufacturers purchase campaigns on a brand-by-brand basis, and health systems execute campaigns on a service line by service line basis. Service lines in health systems refer to patient-centric clinical specialties, such as cardiology, oncology, neurology, and otolaryngology, among others.
Our customers are able to specify a combination of audience attributes, such as specialty, credential, and location, and also choose modules. Modules are the core building blocks of the marketing plan and are additive to one another. We package them into campaigns to meet the needs of individual brands and service lines. Our modules can be categorized as Awareness, Interactivity, and Peer, as follows:
•Awareness: modules that generate awareness and build name recognition, such as text and video articles. The content of these modules may include updates on how certain drugs perform in clinical trials, the opening of new hospitals or departments within a health system, or other information that is relevant to our members.
•Interactivity: modules that enable digital activities such as conference attendance, connecting with a sales representative, booking an appointment, or ordering product samples.
•Peer: modules that enable our members to connect and build professional relationships with thought-leaders, department chairs, and other experts within the Doximity network.
Our modules address specific needs of our customers. For example, one of our Interactivity modules appears adjacent to articles about scientific congresses or professional meetings. We are constantly developing new modules in response to customer feedback and market trends; for example, we enhanced our Awareness modules in fiscal 2020 to assist our customers with developing mobile-first video assets.
Our goal is to make sponsored content useful, relevant, and informative for our members. We have a customer success team that ensures both that our customers receive tangible, measurable, and repeatable benefits from their marketing spend, and that our members have access to sponsored content that is relevant and informative. The team works directly with our customers to deeply understand a customer’s goals, priorities, and messaging before helping with content and media formats. Our team can develop new content or fine-tune and reformat existing content for digital and feed-friendly marketing. We also provide ongoing support and reporting at the customer’s request.
We have demonstrated a median ROI of 10:1 for our pharmaceutical customers and a median ROI of greater than 13:1 for our health system customers. Our ROI studies are conducted independently by a third party for our pharmaceutical customers and using data from LexisNexis Risk Solutions for our health system customers.
We have become a valued collaborator to our customers. We have a track record of expanding throughout the medication portfolios of pharmaceutical customers and into additional service lines throughout a health system while also upselling additional modules. This drove our robust net revenue retention rate of 153% in fiscal 2021.
Marketing Solutions Case Study - Ochsner Health
Louisiana-based Ochsner Health wanted to expand its network by educating physicians from other regions about the advanced clinical services, specialists, and care options available to their patients at Ochsner. Ochsner sought strategies that allowed them to efficiently connect with new physicians in a way that built deeper, ongoing relationships.
Doximity Solution:
•Leveraging Doximity’s Peer module, Ochsner set out to connect with new physicians from the southeastern United States across four service lines: Cardiology, Oncology, Neurology, and Surgery.
•Ochsner selected four staff physicians from each service line to feature in personalized messages to be sent through the Doximity platform. The messages highlighted recent Ochsner publications, current clinical research, upcoming symposia, and other items of interest that would help recipient physicians learn about the different clinical services and care options available to their patients at Ochsner.
•Doximity’s powerful analytics identified a highly relevant audience of potential physicians responsible for the care of patients in the local area who could benefit from care at Ochsner.
•Each message also included information about how the physicians could connect with the Ochsner physicians to discuss potential future care plans for their patients.
Key Results:
•The campaign generated new connections, introducing physicians in the broader Louisiana community and in nearby states like Florida, Tennessee, and Georgia to Ochsner specialists.
•Over time, these new connections with Ochsner’s world-class specialists yielded appropriate care plans for over 100 new patients.
•This success translated into an ROI in excess of 15:1.
•In the client’s own words, “We found actual, quantifiable results that showed we created new connections outside of our geographic footprint. We see Doximity as a mechanism to help us gain new physician relationships, and extend quality care to larger populations of patients.”
Marketing Solutions Case Study - A Top 20 Pharmaceutical Manufacturer
A top 20 pharmaceutical manufacturer with a portfolio of brands treating cardiometabolic conditions had worked with Doximity on a brand-by-brand basis for several years. In fiscal 2020, the manufacturer decided to consolidate its digital spend among a handful of strategic partners. They chose Doximity due to our ability to engage physicians via highly targeted, contextually relevant, educational content; and our superior client service.
Doximity Solution:
•Doximity worked with the brands to develop a robust library of assets leveraging our Awareness and Interactivity categories of modules. These included scientific and informational content such as patient identification criteria, mechanism of action overview, and clinical trial data. The brands also provided patient support materials for physicians to share with their patients.
•This library of assets enabled physicians to engage with the sponsored content at their own pace. Doctors saw new resources from the manufacturer every time they came to Doximity.
•Throughout the process, there was a seamless partnership between the client and the Doximity customer success team, ensuring smooth and timely execution.
Key Results:
•In fiscal 2021, Doximity worked with eight brands at the manufacturer, including two brands that had not previously bought from us.
•In total, over 65,000 providers engaged with the manufacturer’s marketing campaigns in fiscal year 2021.
•As a result of the positive experience working with Doximity, our partnership was expanded to include multiple additional campaigns for fiscal year 2022.
Hiring Solutions
We offer our Hiring Solutions to both health systems and medical recruiting firms, which pay for subscriptions that provide them with the ability to search and connect with medical professionals on Doximity. Our AI and ML-supported platform enables customers to run highly targeted hiring campaigns across a range of medical specialties and sub-specialties, uncovering passive but eligible candidates for proactive outreach on any locum tenens or permanent position.
Our modules for Hiring Solutions consist of the following:
•Job posts. Individual listings on our platform for open jobs, either posted directly by a health system or by a recruiting firm. Our members can search and browse these listings.
•Direct message. Recruiters, physicians, and administrators can direct message members who might be a good fit for a given open position. These messages may or may not be for an opening that has been posted on our job posts.
Both job posts and direct messages are sold as a subscription that entitles the customer to a certain number of job listings or messages on a self-serve basis throughout the contract period.
We also have a tech-enabled, higher-touch Hiring Solution called Curative that we acquired in fiscal 2021. We believe this is a ‘first-ever’ business model for healthcare recruiting, combining Doximity’s data science and intelligence with the service of Curative’s customer-focused recruiters. Our account managers at Curative work with health systems to source both locum tenens and permanent staffing, leveraging our platform and providing a higher level of support on an ongoing basis than our self-service Hiring Solution. Health systems enter into a contract with Curative on a placement-fee basis, and we receive a fee for each position we are able to successfully fill.
Our tech-enabled, digital channels for hiring are disrupting antiquated offline methods and becoming increasingly important in an industry with a persistent shortage of medical talent, growing locum tenens work, and increasing sub-specialization that complicates recruitment.
Hiring Solutions Case Study - Banner Health
Banner Health is one of the largest, nonprofit healthcare systems in the United States, hiring hundreds of physicians per year for roles in seven western states. Since fiscal 2014, the Banner Health recruitment team has considered Doximity’s subscription Hiring Solution offering to be one of their top resources to efficiently connect with and hire physicians for some of their toughest openings.
Pediatric subspecialties like Child Neurology can often take 6 months or longer to hire, due to their high demand and the small number of physicians who subspecialize, with only approximately 2,500 Child Neurologists practicing in the United States. So when faced with a Child Neurology assignment, the Banner Health team turned to
Doximity where they knew they could reach the largest audience of both active and passively seeking potential candidates.
Doximity Solution:
•Using Doximity‘s powerful subscription search tool, the Banner Health team was able to identify that over 2,100 Child Neurologists were already Doximity members, making Doximity one of the most efficient ways to reach the most potential candidates where they already were online.
•The Banner Health team crafted personalized messages to send to individual candidates hand selected by the Banner Health team with ties to the local area, and maximized the job’s visibility by publishing a Job Post to all Child Neurologists on the network.
Key Results:
•The Job Post alone quickly attracted eight qualified candidates, with one standing out among the rest.
•The Banner Health team ended up hiring that physician within three months, which is under half the time it can typically take.
•With successful placements like this, the Banner Health team has continuously expanded their investment in Doximity since fiscal 2014.
Telehealth Solutions for Health Systems
Our Dialer tool facilitated over 63 million virtual patient visits between launch and March 31, 2021, making it one of the most-used telemedicine technologies among U.S. physicians in fiscal 2021. In addition to our direct-to-member offerings—Dialer Free and Dialer Pro—we launched a commercial Telehealth Solution, Dialer Enterprise, with a beta version available in April and a full launch in May of 2020. We provide Dialer Enterprise to health systems and hospitals seeking an accessible but powerful telehealth solution.
Dialer Enterprise enables unlimited access to Dialer for all users across a health system’s organization, and unlocks the same premium feature set as Dialer Pro with an added service layer for the organization that includes a dedicated customer success manager, premium user support, and monthly utilization reporting. Health system customers also have the opportunity to brand the user and patient experience as well as leverage their own security and HIPAA requirements to create consistent protocols for use. Our health system team can also integrate Dialer into our customer's electronic medical record system so that their users can access Dialer from directly within their existing clinical workflows.
The organic adoption of Dialer by clinicians is an important factor driving our Pro and Enterprise offerings. With over 90% of U.S. hospitals having Dialer users at their facility, this grassroots, user-led adoption has created built-in internal advocates and proof-points for health systems and hospital decision makers that Dialer will be a valuable platform for their organization. When deploying Dialer, many users have already adopted Dialer into their regular workflow, which significantly streamlines implementation relative to competitor solutions that require a full physician training on new technology. We also tend to see greater adoption of Dialer within our customers’ organizations, as the existence of our collaboration drives even further awareness of the tool among their clinicians.
Dialer Enterprise is sold as a subscription, with pricing based on the size of the health system. As of March 31, 2021, we had over 150 health system subscribers on Dialer Enterprise, and over 25% of U.S. doctors are covered by a Dialer Enterprise agreement.
Dialer Enterprise Case Study - Sentara Healthcare
Sentara Healthcare, a not-for-profit system of 12 hospitals and more than 230 practices in Virginia and northeastern North Carolina, was among the first health systems to build out a virtual care platform for its patients.
Over time, telehealth has helped the system improve access to care and increase utilization by offering its patients a more convenient, virtual option when an in-person visit was not feasible.
Despite this progress, Sentara still experienced issues with patients missing their appointments. Patient no-shows are a common issue for healthcare providers and can often result in lower patient and provider satisfaction, worse health outcomes, and lost reimbursement.
Doximity Solution:
•To help reduce no-shows, Sentara partnered with Doximity to scale access to Dialer Enterprise across the entire organization.
•Dialer enabled Sentara providers to easily voice and video call their patients, oftentimes after patients had difficulties accessing their visit on other platforms or had even forgotten about their visit entirely.
•With Dialer’s Call Nudge and VoiP functionality, Sentara providers can seamlessly remind a patient to join the call, and switch between voice and video within the same visit depending on the needs of the visit and the capabilities of the patient.
Key Results:
•Sentara achieved a 49% reduction in virtual no-show rate during the first six months of the program.
•More than 75,000 virtual visits conducted on Dialer Enterprise since August 2020.
Our Strengths
Our business exhibits a number of key strengths which we believe position us to drive sustained growth.
•We are the trusted and secure physician-first platform. Since our founding, Doximity has been architected physician-first, with trust at the core of what we do. We verify the identities and qualifications of our medical professionals through integration with third-party databases. In addition, our communications solutions are HIPAA compliant, providing medical professionals with a critical platform for protected communications.
•We have the largest digital network of medical professionals. Our network includes 80% of U.S. physicians, over 50% of U.S. nurse practitioners and physician assistants, and over 90% of graduating U.S. medical students. For our members, this provides the broadest available range of professional connections and networking opportunities. We believe we have become the primary physician-to-physician connectivity medium, with our members making over 56 million connections on our network as of March 31, 2021. The scale and strength of our network has made us a strategic collaborator of choice for pharmaceutical manufacturers and health systems. We enable these organizations to engage with a valuable and otherwise difficult-to-reach audience, covering an increasing number of specialized medical professionals and enabling targeted outreach.
•We benefit from powerful network effects. Both the medical professionals and customers that use our platform benefit immensely from access to our large and dynamic ecosystem, and we fuel the expansion of this network of medical professionals, pharmaceutical manufacturers, and health systems by adding new tools and solutions to our platform. As we expand our capabilities, Doximity becomes more attractive to new and existing members and customers, ultimately generating more data and insights that allow us to develop better tools and solutions, and build greater scale.
•We are deeply embedded in physician workflows. Our tools and third-party integrations are designed to solve workflow pain-points for physicians. For example, a Doximity member can electronically sign and digitally fax a referral note to a different hospital, send a secure message to a colleague to coordinate care, or conduct a telehealth visit with a patient. As of March 31, 2021, medical professionals on our platform had completed over 63 million Dialer visits. Our tools provide physicians with the ability to deliver best-in-class healthcare, spend more time with patients, and ultimately improve patient care.
•We innately understand physician workflows are different from traditional technology workflows. Through having product leaders who are physicians, designers, and engineers familiar with healthcare services, and an extended team of medical professionals in our advisory committees, we are able to build solutions that enable physicians and act as an extension of their practice. Our R&D team delivered over 30,000 deployments to production in fiscal 2021. Our physician-centric product design process has contributed to significant levels of adoption and endorsement, with a 4.8/5 star rating from over 100,000 reviews by health professionals in the Apple App Store as of March 31, 2021.
•We are strategic to our customers. We provide a unique, digital channel to connect with the most valuable professionals in healthcare. Pharmaceutical manufacturers and health systems gain access to a high ROI solution. Health systems and medical recruiting firms gain access to a comprehensive nationwide network and database of specialty and sub-specialty professionals. We align our goals with our customers and help them make the necessary leap to digital.
Our Growth Strategies
•Grow the Doximity Network. While we will continue to grow our number of physician members, we are under-penetrated among other types of medical professionals such as nurse practitioners, and have an opportunity to expand our offering to physical therapists, dentists, psychologists, and many other professions. As more medical professionals join our platform, we become a more valuable connectivity tool for members, and a more valuable marketing and hiring channel for pharmaceutical manufacturers and health systems.
•Continuously improve and innovate on our platform. Improving our existing capabilities, and innovating to add new tools and solutions, will make our platform more valuable to members, helping to attract new members and customers, while increasing the engagement of existing ones.
•Expand within customers of our solutions. Our existing customers represent a significant opportunity to grow our platform. Many of our large pharmaceutical customers initially run marketing campaigns for a certain number of brands but have a track record of increasing their spend with us both by adding modules and expanding across more of their portfolio of brands once they have seen the quantifiable benefits of our Marketing Solutions. Health systems have a similar track record of expanding their usage of our platform across different service lines.
•Attract new customers. We have an opportunity to engage additional pharmaceutical manufacturers and health systems as we raise awareness of our offerings through our sales and marketing efforts and as we expand our offerings.
•Further monetize our Telehealth Solutions. While telehealth adoption accelerated with the COVID-19 pandemic, we believe the prevalence of telehealth will continue after the COVID-19 pandemic eases. Our telehealth tools are used and trusted by hundreds of thousands of our members, and the rapid adoption by health systems of our commercial Telehealth Solution, Dialer Enterprise, reflects that professional trust. We have only just begun to roll out our solution to health system customers and have significant whitespace ahead of us.
•Grow our patient-facing tools. Patients can search for the right doctor or hospital for their needs through our collaboration with the Doctor Finder tool of U.S. News & World Report, which publicly displays summary physician profiles and hospital rankings powered by an integration with our Doximity network. We also collaborate with U.S. News & World Report to offer a direct-to-patient scheduling tool for health systems. We see opportunities to expand our offerings to patients in the future, including direct access to our network and tools, such as allowing patients to use Doximity to message physicians confidentially and securely about their health. Consumers on the platform would also create a significant value opportunity for our customers.
•Consider strategic acquisitions to expand our platform capabilities. In the past, we have selectively used mergers and acquisitions to accelerate our product roadmap to bring medical professionals and customers
more complete solutions and increase demand for our products. For example, in fiscal 2021 we acquired Curative Talent, a medical recruiting agency, in order to augment our Hiring Solutions with a tech-enabled, higher-touch service. We plan to continue evaluating similar opportunities and execute on them if we find the right fit for our members, customers, and our company.
Our Technology Platform
Our technology platform supports a vast network of member connections, with regularly updated profiles, secure communication and productivity tools, and vast amounts of searchable indexed data, resulting in over 30 million platform interactions per day in fiscal 2021. Together, we believe these features of our platform form a valuable competitive strength.
Platform Advantages
•Extensive and dynamic database of U.S. physician information: Over the past 10 years, members have interacted with each other and our technology platform hundreds of millions of times. This has enabled us to build a vast, interactive data set intelligently combining proprietary information and previously siloed public information. Along with user-entered input, our proprietary algorithms incrementally developed over the past 10 years constantly identify new information for our members from hundreds of third party sources that are isolated and siloed in the healthcare space. For example, we have collected and defined a comprehensive list of referenceable medical specialties and sub-specialties, identified relationships between medical institutions and their residency programs, and developed unique member identification of published scientific articles and awards. The up-to-date and scaled nature of our database is critical to the value proposition for both our members and our pharmaceutical manufacturer and health system customers. As this information is correlated and updated on members’ profiles, it ensures that our members are served content that is most relevant to them at any particular time and builds trust in network interactions.
•Statistical and ML methodologies: We utilize proprietary statistical and ML methodologies across our platform for a number of use cases to benefit our members. Some of the major components include:
•Aggregating and coupling disjointed datasets from numerous medical sources into a live database of physician information to perform descriptive, diagnostic, and prescriptive analysis.
•The medical news that any particular member sees is tailored to their specific specialty, clinical areas of interest, and viewing history, ensuring each member’s news feed is personalized to them. This technology also ensures our pharmaceutical and health system customers get value from using the platform, as their digital marketing content will be served to members that are more likely to find it relevant and interesting based on their profile and viewing history.
•Our Hiring Solutions are able to show recruiters and administrators top candidates for potential openings before those candidates even see the job post or apply, automatically matching candidates with openings based on job history, interests, and geography.
•Extensive, interactive database of U.S. medical residency and employment data: We collect and maintain a vast repository of residency and employment data from our members, which includes member reviews on their experience at hospitals and residency programs, detailed statistics on user experiences regarding program setting and training environment, and a salary map across different specialties and geographies across the country. We make this data available to all of our members in easily accessible portals which are automatically updated as our members provide additional data on the platform.
•Proprietary productivity and telehealth tools: Our productivity and telehealth tools have been built to be physician-first with usability in mind at every step. Built on top of a modern software stack, our tools allow doctors to communicate via messages, voice, and video—and their patients do not need to install an app to be connected. Initiation of calls and transmission of media is managed by third party provider, Twilio, ensuring rapid scalability and enterprise-grade reliability for physicians and patients who need to communicate in both routine and emergency situations. On top of this base service, we have designed a
broad range of customized, physician-first telehealth features specific to our platform such as ‘call nudge’ reminding a patient of a visit, ‘straight to voicemail’ enabling physicians to choose not to disturb patients after-hours, and the flexibility to switch between voice and video at will, among others.
Design Principles
•Nimble and proven technology stack: Our technology stack and product development teams are set up to enable rapid prototyping and development of new features via controlled rollouts. As the core of the technology stack is stable and similar across products, it enables the shifting of resources quickly to meet the needs of our business and our members.
•Innovative, useful, and unobtrusive design: These three principles inform our passion for designing products that respect the healthcare professional’s time. Our design process involves user research and rapid iteration to continuously optimize each workflow, enabling the busy physician to attend to patients, not the technology.
•Secure: Physician communications are subject to stringent security and privacy requirements, and all elements of our platform are designed to be compliant with these requirements. Our messaging tools are compliant with HIPAA and validated through external auditing procedures. Physician information that is posted to profiles is protected with anti-scraping technologies such as a Web Application Firewall, Runtime Application Self-Protection, Bot Protection, Rate-Limiting, and our network employs DDoS mitigation technology to protect against attacks. All data is encrypted in transit and at rest using TLS 1.2, and personal health information is encrypted at rest using AES-256 encryption. Along with a dedicated in-house security team and contracted security researchers, we maintain a comprehensive HackerOne program for proactive vulnerability inspection of our entire offering.
Sales and Marketing
We employ a direct sales organization composed of highly trained team members. The sales organization is segmented primarily by customer type. For example, there is one enterprise-focused team concentrating on pharmaceutical manufacturers and another concentrated on health systems. Our direct sales organization also reaches customers through indirect channels, such as third-party marketing agencies utilized by our pharmaceutical and health system customers.
The direct sales organization is supported by marketing and customer success specialists. We generate customer leads, accelerate sales opportunities, and build brand awareness through our marketing programs, both digitally and offline. These programs target decision makers to provide information about our company and solutions through digital advertising, field marketing events, integrated marketing campaigns (including direct email and online advertising), industry events, trade shows, and conferences. Our customer success team supports customer retention by working directly with customers to produce higher engagement with our solutions, which in turn expands their use of the platform in the future.
We buy a limited amount of digital search and display advertising on Google and Facebook to encourage potential members to sign up for our platform.
Competition
Although we have built a scaled and highly differentiated platform, we face competition across different aspects of our business. We have experienced, and expect to continue to experience, intense competition from a number of companies, and we expect such competition to increase as our industry evolves. Specifically, we compete for medical professionals as members, and for pharmaceutical and health system companies as customers for our Marketing, Hiring, and Telehealth Solutions.
•Competing for members: We compete with large technology companies that have developed online networking and collaboration tools such as LinkedIn, Facebook, Google, and Twitter, in addition to smaller, emerging companies. However, we believe we are the only professional network solely dedicated
to medical professionals, with a purpose-built platform to address their networking, collaboration, content, educational, and career management needs.
•Competing for customers: We compete across several categories to access spend in the healthcare category. We specifically compete for access to marketing, hiring, and telehealth budgets. We believe that our platform and the network of medical professionals on Doximity allow us to provide our customers with solutions that result in attractive returns on their marketing and hiring budgets.
◦Marketing: We compete with online and offline outlets that provide marketing and advertising services that enable pharmaceutical manufacturers to educate medical professionals about their brands. These outlets include health-related websites and mobile apps.
◦Hiring: We compete in the healthcare staffing industry with job boards, self-service recruiting tools, and medical recruiting firms in national, regional, and local markets. We compete with large healthcare staffing companies as well as smaller, more regionally focused companies.
◦Telehealth: We compete with other providers of telehealth services, such as Teladoc Health and Amwell, in addition to smaller, emerging companies that provide telehealth services on behalf of employers and insurance plans. In addition, with the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic, we have seen increased competition from broader video communication solutions, such as Zoom Video Communications.
The industries in which our products are offered are evolving rapidly and are becoming increasingly competitive. Larger and more established companies may focus on our market and could directly compete with us. Smaller companies, including application developers, could also launch new products and services that compete with us and that could gain market acceptance quickly. We also expect our existing competitors in the markets for Marketing and Hiring Solutions to continue to focus on these areas. Many of our competitors and potential competitors have significantly greater financial, technological, and other resources than we do and greater name recognition and more established distribution networks and relationships with healthcare providers than us. As a result, many of these companies may respond more quickly to new or emerging technologies and standards and changes in customer requirements. These companies may be able to invest more resources in research and development, strategic acquisitions, sales and marketing, patent prosecution, litigation, and financing capital equipment acquisitions for their customers.
Our competitors may announce new products, services, or enhancements that better address changing industry standards or the needs of members and customers, such as mobile access. Any such increased competition could cause pricing pressure, loss of market share or decreased member engagement, any of which could adversely affect our business and operating results. Internet search engines could also change their methodologies in ways that adversely affect our ability to optimize our page rankings within their search results. If this occurs, our ability to successfully market our services to customers may be harmed and our business results may suffer.
Our People, Culture, Values, and Human Capital Resources
At Doximity, we organize our teams into small, nimble groups that operate autonomously and are empowered to make decisions quickly who aim to stay close to our members and customers. As of March 31, 2021, we had a total of 713 employees. More than 35% of our employees work in R&D, including in Product, Engineering, and Data. We have always been a geographically distributed team: over three-quarters of our employees were already working remotely prior to the COVID-19 pandemic. We supplement our workforce with contractors and consultants in the United States and internationally. To our knowledge, none of our employees are represented by a labor union or covered by a collective bargaining agreement. We have not experienced any work stoppages, and we consider our relations with our employees to be good.
We prioritize diversity and inclusion, and regularly track our progress against quantifiable goals. We were recently named one of the “100 Best Places To Work In San Francisco” by Built In.
We champion the following core values:
•Get Stuff Done: We are doers. We solve problems everyday by treating obstacles like an adventure.
•Straight Talk: We say what we think and every voice is heard and respected. Transparency makes us stronger.
•Stretch Goals: Innovation requires risk taking. We challenge assumptions and shoot for the stars.
•Bring the Real You: We bring our quirky, unique selves to work. Diverse personalities create a more interesting and creative environment.
We and certain of our employees also volunteer time with a number of charity initiatives, including the Dox Foundation, which was formed by our Chief Executive Officer and his family. The Dox Foundation’s work includes helping clinicians reach underserved communities by funding flights for medical mission trips and providing grants to applicants. Applicants have traveled to Uganda, Cambodia, India, Myanmar, and the West Indies to provide services as diverse as cleft lip and palate surgery, orthopedic surgery education, and nursing education at a children’s hospital.
Our human capital resources objectives include, as applicable, identifying, recruiting, retaining, incentivizing, and integrating our existing and additional employees. The principal purposes of our equity incentive plans are to attract, retain, and motivate selected employees, consultants, and directors through the granting of stock-based compensation awards and cash-based performance bonus awards.
Data Protection
The data we collect and process is an integral part of our tools and solutions, allowing us to ensure our members are verified, the experience we provide is engaging and personalized, and the content we present is the most relevant.
We collect and may use personal information to help run our business (including for analytical purposes) and to communicate and otherwise reach our network members. In some instances, we may use third-party service providers to assist us in these efforts.
We endeavor to treat our members’ data with respect and maintain member trust. We provide our members with options designed to allow them to control their data, such as allowing our members to decide which profile contact information is viewable publicly and which is accessible to new connections. Members can also request deletion of their data under applicable privacy laws and procedures. Our privacy and security teams are devoted to processing and fulfilling member requests regarding access to and deletion of their data.
Our respect for laws and regulations regarding the collection and processing of personal data underlies our strategy to improve our member experience and build trust in our network and platform. To read more about our approach to privacy laws and the regulations, please see “Business—Healthcare Laws and Regulations” and “Risk Factors—Risks Related to Our Business—We are subject to stringent and changing laws, regulations, self-regulatory schemes, contractual obligations, and standards related to privacy, data protection, and information security. The actual or perceived failure by us, our customers, partners, or vendors to comply with such obligations could harm our reputation, subject us to significant fines and liability, or otherwise adversely affect our business.”
Healthcare Laws and Regulations
Our business is subject to extensive, complex, and rapidly changing federal and state laws and regulations. Various federal and state agencies have discretion to issue regulations and interpret and enforce healthcare laws. While we believe we comply in all material respects with applicable healthcare laws and regulations, these regulations can vary significantly from jurisdiction to jurisdiction, and interpretation and enforcement of existing laws and regulations may change periodically. Moreover, in many jurisdictions in which we operate, neither our current nor our anticipated business model has been the subject of judicial or administrative interpretation. We cannot be assured that a review of our business by courts or regulatory authorities will not result in determinations
that could adversely affect our operations or that the healthcare regulatory environment will not change in a way that restricts our operations. Federal and state legislatures also may enact various legislative proposals that could materially impact certain aspects of our business. In addition, our consumer transactions business is subject to certain financial services laws, regulations and rules, such as the Payment Card Industry Data Security Standards.
U.S. state and federal health information privacy and security laws
There are numerous U.S. federal and state laws and regulations related to the privacy and security of personally identifiable information, including health information. In particular, HIPAA established privacy and security standards that limit the use and disclosure of protected health information, referred to as PHI, and require the implementation of administrative, physical, and technical safeguards to ensure the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of individually identifiable health information in electronic form. Our members as well as certain of our enterprise customers are regulated as covered entities under HIPAA. As a service provider who creates, receives, maintains, or transmits PHI on behalf of these covered entities for certain of our services, Doximity is a “business associate” as defined under HIPAA. Since the effective date of the HIPAA Omnibus Final Rule on September 23, 2013, certain HIPAA requirements are also directly applicable to business associates.
Violations of HIPAA may result in civil and criminal penalties and a single breach incident can result in violations of multiple standards. We must also comply with HIPAA’s breach notification rule. Under the breach notification rule, business associates must notify covered entities of a breach, and those covered entities must notify affected individuals without unreasonable delay in the case of a breach of unsecured PHI, which may compromise the privacy, security, or integrity of the PHI. In addition, notification must be provided to HHS, and the local media in cases where a breach affects more than 500 individuals. Breaches affecting fewer than 500 individuals must be reported to HHS on an annual basis. In the event of a breach, our covered entity enterprise customers may require we provide assistance in the breach notification process and may seek indemnification and other contractual remedies.
State attorneys general also have the right to prosecute HIPAA violations committed against residents of their states. While HIPAA does not create a private right of action that would allow individuals to sue in civil court for a HIPAA violation, its standards have been used as the basis for the duty of care in state civil suits, such as those for negligence or recklessness in misusing personal information. In addition, HIPAA mandates that HHS conduct periodic compliance audits of HIPAA covered entities and their business associates for compliance. It also tasks HHS with establishing a methodology whereby harmed individuals who were the victims of breaches of unsecured PHI may receive a percentage of the Civil Monetary Penalty fine paid by the violator. In light of the HIPAA Omnibus Final Rule, recent enforcement activity, and statements from HHS, we expect increased federal and state HIPAA privacy and security enforcement efforts.
Further, many states in which we operate and in which our members and customers as well as their patients reside also have laws that protect the privacy and security of sensitive and personal information, including health information, information regarding mental health and substance use treatment, and other information related to the provision of healthcare services. These laws may be similar to or even more protective than HIPAA and other federal privacy laws. For example, the laws of the State of California, in which we operate, are more restrictive than HIPAA, including the provisions of the CCPA, which went into effect January 1, 2020. While any information we maintain in our role as a business associate may be exempt from the CCPA, other records and information we maintain on our members may be subject to the CCPA. Where state laws are more protective than HIPAA, we must comply with the state laws we are subject to, in addition to HIPAA. In certain cases, it may be necessary to modify our planned operations and procedures to comply with these more stringent state laws. Not only may some of these state laws impose fines and penalties upon violators, but also some, unlike HIPAA, may afford private rights of action to individuals who believe their personal information has been misused. In addition, state laws are changing rapidly, and there is discussion of a new federal privacy law or federal breach notification law, to which we may be subject.
In addition to HIPAA, state health information privacy and state health information privacy laws, we may be subject to other state and federal privacy laws, including laws that prohibit unfair privacy and security practices and
deceptive statements about privacy and security and laws that place specific requirements on certain types of activities, such as data security and texting.
In recent years, there have been a number of well publicized data breaches involving the improper use and disclosure of personally identifiable information and PHI. Many states have responded to these incidents by enacting laws requiring holders of personal information to maintain safeguards and to take certain actions in response to a data breach, such as providing prompt notification of the breach to affected individuals and state officials. In addition, under HIPAA and pursuant to the related contracts that we enter into with our business associates, we must report breaches of unsecured PHI to our contractual partners following discovery of the breach. Notification must also be made in certain circumstances to affected individuals, federal authorities, and others.
Federal and State Telecommunications Laws
There are a number of federal and state laws and regulations potentially applicable to communications by phone, text message, or facsimile, including the TCPA, and those laws and regulations are continuously evolving. Our services that allow members and other platform users to leverage such telephonic communications may be subject to these laws and regulations.
Other Healthcare Laws and Regulations and Health Reform
Many states limit the scope of business relationships between business entities and medical professionals, particularly with respect to fee splitting. While many states fee-splitting laws only prohibit a physician from sharing medical fees with a referral source, some states have interpreted certain management agreements between business entities and physicians as unlawful fee-splitting. Statutes and regulations relating to the practice of medicine, fee-splitting, and similar issues vary widely from state to state. Because these laws are often vague, their application is frequently dependent on court rulings and attorney general opinions.
Some of these requirements may apply to us even if we do not have a physical presence in the state, based solely on our agreements with providers licensed in the state. However, regulatory authorities or other parties, including our providers, may assert that we are engaged in the corporate practice of medicine or that our contractual arrangements with our provider customers constitute unlawful fee splitting. These laws generally prohibit us from exercising control over the medical judgments or decisions of physicians and non-physician healthcare providers and from engaging in certain financial arrangements, such as splitting professional fees with healthcare providers. In this event, failure to comply could lead to adverse judicial or administrative action against us and/or our provider customers, civil or criminal penalties, receipt of cease and desist orders from state regulators, loss of provider licenses, the need to make changes to the terms of engagement of our provider customers that interfere with our business, and other materially adverse consequences.
Further, certain laws may apply to us indirectly through our relationships with healthcare professionals. For example, certain federal and state anti-kickback and false claims laws may apply to us indirectly through our arrangements with healthcare professionals and entities. If we are found to have violated, or to have facilitated the violation of such laws, we could be subject to significant penalties.
Additionally, there have been several legislative and regulatory changes and proposed reforms of the healthcare system to contain costs, improve quality, and expand access to care. Such reform measures are likely to continue, particularly in light of the new presidential administration. It is also possible that additional governmental action is taken in response to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Intellectual Property
We believe that our intellectual property rights are valuable and important to our business. We rely on a combination of trademarks, copyrights, patents, trade secrets, license agreements, confidentiality procedures, non-disclosure agreements, employee disclosure and invention assignment agreements, as well as other legal and contractual rights, to establish and protect our proprietary rights. However, our contractual provisions may not always be effective at preventing unauthorized parties from obtaining our intellectual property and proprietary technologies. In addition, though we rely in part upon these legal and contractual protections, we believe that factors
such as the skills and ingenuity of our employees and the functionality and frequent enhancements to our platform are larger contributors to our success in the market.
As of April 30, 2021, we have four provisional patent applications in the United States. We continually review our development efforts to assess the existence and patentability of new intellectual property.
We have an ongoing trademark and service mark registration program pursuant to which we register our brand names, product names, and logos in the United States to the extent we determine appropriate and cost-effective. As of March 31, 2021, we have a total of five registered or applied-for trademarks in the United States and two registered trademarks in non-U.S. jurisdictions. We also have registered domain names for websites that we use in our business, such as www.doximity.com and other variations.
We intend to pursue additional intellectual property protection to the extent we believe it would be beneficial and cost effective. Despite our efforts to protect our intellectual property rights, they may not be respected in the future or may be invalidated, circumvented, or challenged. In addition, if we were to expand internationally, the laws of certain foreign countries may not protect our intellectual property rights to the same extent as laws in the United States. We may be dependent on third-party content, technology, and intellectual property in connection with our business. We expect that infringement claims may increase as the number of products and competitors in our market increase. In addition, to the extent that we gain greater visibility and market exposure as a public company, we face a higher risk of being the subject of intellectual property infringement claims from third parties. Any third-party intellectual property claims against us could significantly increase our expenses and could have a significant and negative impact on our business, results of operations, and financial condition.
Our Facilities
Our corporate headquarters is located in San Francisco, California, where we currently lease approximately 23,000 square feet pursuant to a lease agreement that expires in May 2021, which we extended for limited-use purposes through January 2022. We also lease additional facilities in Dallas, Texas and Mission Viejo, California.
We believe that our facilities are suitable to meet our current needs. We intend to expand our facilities or add new facilities as we grow, and we believe that suitable additional or alternative space will be available as needed to accommodate any such growth.
Legal Proceedings
We are not currently a party to any material pending legal proceedings. From time to time, we may be subject to legal proceedings and claims arising in the ordinary course of business. Any of these claims could subject us to costly litigation, and, while we generally believe that we have adequate insurance to cover many different types of liabilities, our insurance carriers may deny coverage, may be inadequately capitalized to pay on valid claims, or our policy limits may be inadequate to fully satisfy any damage awards or settlements. If this were to happen, the payment of any such awards could have a material effect on our operations, cash flows, and financial position. Additionally, any such claims, whether or not successful, could damage our reputation and business.
MANAGEMENT
Executive Officers and Directors
The following table provides information regarding our executive officers and directors as of June 1, 2021:
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Name
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Age
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Position
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Executive Officers and Directors:
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Jeffrey Tangney
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48
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Chief Executive Officer and Director
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Anna Bryson
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31
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Chief Financial Officer
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Joseph Kleine
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57
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Chief Commercial Officer
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Non-Employee Directors:
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Kevin Spain(1)(2)
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49
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Director
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Gilbert Kliman(2)(3)
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62
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Director
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Regina Benjamin(1)(3)
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64
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Director
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Kira Wampler(2)(3)
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48
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Director
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Tim Cabral(1)
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54
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Director
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_____________________
(1)Member of the audit committee.
(2)Member of the compensation committee.
(3)Member of the nominating and corporate governance committee.
Executive Officers
Jeffrey Tangney. Mr. Tangney is our co-founder and has served as our Chief Executive Officer and as a member of our board of directors since our inception in April 2010. Jeffrey Tangney co-founded Epocrates, Inc., a public mobile medical reference app company, in June 1999, and held various management positions at Epocrates through March 2010, most recently as its president and chief operating officer, as well as executive vice president of sales and marketing, since September 2005. From June 1993 to August 1997, Mr. Tangney served as a manager of ZS Associates, a consulting firm. Mr. Tangney holds a B.S. in Economics and Math from the University of Wisconsin-Madison and an M.B.A. from the Stanford Graduate School of Business. We believe Mr. Tangney is qualified to serve as a member of our board of directors because of the perspective and experience he brings as our Chief Executive Officer.
Anna Bryson. Ms. Bryson has served as our Chief Financial Officer since February 2021. From August 2017 to February 2021, Ms. Bryson served in various finance roles within our company, most recently as our VP of Strategic Finance, Financial Planning, and Analysis. Prior to joining our company, Ms. Bryson served as the founder and chief executive officer of ACB Capital, an investment advisory firm, from June 2012 to July 2017. Ms. Bryson holds both a B.A. and an M.A. in Philosophy, Politics, and Economics from the University of Oxford.
Joseph Kleine. Mr. Kleine has served as our Chief Commercial Officer since May 2018, after serving as our Senior Vice President since joining our company in 2016. From February 2013 to February 2015, Mr. Kleine served as the Senior Vice President of WebMD, a public consumer health information company. Mr. Kleine holds a B.A. in Economics and Policy and Management Studies from Dickinson College and an M.B.A. from the Fuqua School of Business at Duke University.
Non-Employee Directors
Kevin Spain. Mr. Spain has served as a member of our board of directors since March 2011. Since March 2011, Mr. Spain has served as general partner of Emergence Capital Partners, a venture capital firm, and served as a principal of Emergence Capital Partners from September 2006 to March 2011. Prior to joining Emergence Capital Partners, Mr. Spain was a member of the corporate development group of Microsoft Corporation, a computer software company, from June 2003 to May 2006, and a member of the corporate development group of Electronic Arts Inc., a game software content and services company, from September 2000 to May 2003. Mr. Spain was previously co-founder and chief executive officer of Madison.com, Inc., which provided a hosted marketing
management solution for small and medium sized companies. Mr. Spain served on the board of directors of Veeva Systems Inc., or Veeva, a public cloud-computing company, from May 2008 to July 2014. Mr. Spain currently serves on the board of directors of several privately held companies. Mr. Spain holds a B.A. in Business Administration from the University of Texas at Austin and an M.B.A. from The Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania. We believe Mr. Spain is qualified to serve on our board of directors because of his extensive industry experience and his experience advising other public companies.
Gilbert Kliman, M.D. Dr. Kliman has served as a member of our board of directors since October 2011. Dr. Kliman has served as managing partner of InterWest Partners, a venture capital firm, since February 1999, and as a venture partner since November 1996. Since June 2020, Dr. Kliman has served on the board of directors of STAAR Surgical Company, a public medical device company. Since March 2020, Dr. Kliman has served on the board of directors of Glaukos Corporation, a public medical technology and pharmaceutical company, and previously served as a member of the Glaukos board of directors from January 2007 until his resignation in August 2019 in connection with Glaukos’ acquisition of Avedro, Inc., or Avedro, a private pharmaceutical and medical technology company. Dr. Kliman served as a member of Avedro’s board of directors from December 2015 to August 2019. Dr. Kliman also served on the board of directors of Restoration Robotics (acquired by Venus Concept Inc.) from July 2007 to November 2019. Dr. Kliman is a board-certified ophthalmologist and completed a retina research fellowship at Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary and residency training at Wills Eye Hospital. Dr. Kliman holds a B.A. from Harvard University, an M.D. from the University of Pennsylvania, and an M.B.A. from the Stanford Graduate School of Business. We believe Dr. Kliman is qualified to serve on our board of directors because of his experience in both business and practice as a medical doctor, and his experience advising other public companies.
Kira Wampler. Ms. Wampler has served as a member of our board of directors since March 2020. Ms. Wampler has served as venture chair of Redesign Health Inc., a private investment firm and healthcare innovation platform, since February 2020. From November 2016 to March 2019, Ms. Wampler served as the chief executive officer of Art.com Inc., a private art retailer company, during which time she led the company through its acquisition by Walmart Inc. From December 2014 to November 2016, Ms. Wampler served as the chief marketing officer of Lyft, Inc., a mobile ride-sharing app. Ms. Wampler also previously served as chief marketing officer of Trulia, Inc., a private real estate listing company, from November 2013 to November 2014. Ms. Wampler has served on the boards of directors of private companies including Candid Care Co. since September 2019, Personal Capital Corporation from March 2019 to August 2020, and Healthline Media, Inc from March 2019 to August 2019. Ms. Wampler holds a B.S. in Foreign Services from Georgetown University School of Foreign Services, where she majored in History and Diplomacy, and an M.B.A. from the Fuqua School of Business at Duke University. We believe Ms. Wampler is qualified to serve on our board of directors because of her extensive experience advising technology companies as both a director and executive.
Regina Benjamin, M.D. Dr. Benjamin has served as a member of our board since September 2020. Dr. Benjamin is currently the founder and chief executive officer of, and is a practicing physician at, BayouClinic, Inc., a hospital and healthcare company, since January 1990. Dr. Benjamin was appointed as the 18th United States Surgeon General by President Barack Obama in July 2009 and served in that role from November 2009 to August 2013. In addition, Dr. Benjamin has approximately 30 years of experience as a practicing family physician. Dr. Benjamin has served as the founder and chief executive officer of the Gulf States Health Policy Center since June 2013, and as the NOLA.com/Times Picayune Endowed Chair in Public Health Sciences at Xavier University of Louisiana since September 2013. Dr. Benjamin currently serves as a member of the boards of directors of each of the Oak Street Health, Inc., a public healthcare services company, since October 2020, Ascension Health Alliance, a private healthcare company since June 2014, Computer Programs and Systems, Inc., a public technology company, since November 2017, ConvaTec Group plc, a public medical products and technologies company, since August 2017, Diplomat Pharmacy, Inc., a private company providing specialty pharmacy services, following its acquisition by OptimRx, since April 2017, and Kaiser Foundation Hospitals and Health Plan since June 2015. Dr. Benjamin also serves on the advisory board of HealthQuest Capital, a private growth capital firm, since May 2020. Dr. Benjamin served on the board of directors of Alere Inc., a private medical device company, from December 2013 to July 2015, and as a member of the March of Dimes Board of Trustees from June 2014 to June 2019. Dr. Benjamin holds a B.S. in Chemistry from Xavier University of Louisiana, an M.D. from the University of Alabama at Birmingham, and an M.B.A from Tulane University. We believe Dr. Benjamin is qualified to serve on our board of
directors because of her extensive experience in both business and practice as a medical doctor and her experience advising other public companies.
Tim Cabral. Mr. Cabral has served as a member of our board of directors since September 2020. From February 2010 to September 2020, Mr. Cabral served as chief financial officer for Veeva, during which time the company launched its initial public offering. From February 2008 to February 2010, Mr. Cabral served as chief financial officer and chief operations officer for Modus Group, LLC, a private a wireless solutions and services company, and served as chief financial officer and vice president of operations for Agistics, Inc., a private employee management services company, from March 2005 to June 2007. Prior to its acquisition by Oracle Corporation, Mr. Cabral spent more than seven years at PeopleSoft, Inc., a computer technology company, beginning in November 1997, where he held various positions, including vice president of products & technology finance from June 1999 to January 2005 and senior director of corporate financial planning and analysis from November 1997 to June 1999. Since December 2019, Mr. Cabral has served on the board of directors of ServiceTitan, Inc. a private cloud-based home services company. Mr. Cabral previously served on the board of directors of Apttus Corporation, a private software provider, from October 2017 to October 2018, when it was acquired by Thoma Bravo. Mr. Cabral holds a B.S. in Finance from Santa Clara University and an M.B.A. from the Leavey School of Business at Santa Clara University. We believe Mr. Cabral is qualified to serve on our board of directors because of his previous experience in a lead role of a company during its initial public offering and management thereafter.
Each executive officer serves at the discretion of our board of directors and holds office until his or her successor is duly elected and qualified or until his or her earlier resignation or removal.
Family Relationships
There are no family relationships among any of our executive officers or directors.
Code of Conduct
Prior to the completion of this offering, our board of directors will adopt a code of conduct that will apply to all of our employees, officers, and directors, including our chief executive officer, president, chief financial officer, and other executive and senior financial officers. Upon the completion of this offering, the full text of our code of conduct will be posted on our website. We intend to disclose any amendments to our code of conduct, or waivers of its requirements, on our website or in filings under the Exchange Act.
Board of Directors
Our business and affairs are managed under the direction of our board of directors. Our board of directors currently consists of six directors, five of whom will qualify as “independent” under New York Stock Exchange listing standards. After the completion of this offering, the number of directors will be fixed by our board of directors, subject to the terms of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws that will become effective immediately prior to the completion of this offering.
In accordance with our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and our amended and restated bylaws, immediately after the completion of this offering our board of directors will be divided into three classes with staggered three-year terms. Only one class of directors will be elected at each annual meeting of our stockholders, with the other classes continuing for the remainder of their respective three-year terms. Our directors will be divided among the three classes as follows:
•the Class I directors will be Gil Kliman and Kira Wampler, and their terms will expire at the first annual meeting of stockholders after the completion of this offering;
•the Class II directors will be Kevin Spain and Tim Cabral, and their terms will expire at the second annual meeting of stockholders after the completion of this offering; and
•the Class III directors will be Regina Benjamin and Jeffrey Tangney, and their terms will expire at the third annual meeting of stockholders after the completion of this offering.
Each director’s term will continue until the election and qualification of his or her successor, or his or her earlier death, resignation, or removal. Any increase or decrease in the number of directors will be distributed among the three classes so that, as nearly as possible, each class will consist of one-third of the directors.
This classification of our board of directors may have the effect of delaying or preventing changes in control of our company.
Director Independence
Our board of directors has undertaken a review of the independence of each director. Based on information provided by each director concerning his or her background, employment, and affiliations, our board of directors has determined that all but Mr. Tangney do not have a relationship that would interfere with the exercise of independent judgment in carrying out the responsibilities of a director and that each of these directors is “independent” as that term is defined under the applicable rules and regulations of the SEC and the listing standards of the New York Stock Exchange. In making these determinations, our board of directors considered the current and prior relationships that each non-employee director has with our company and all other facts and circumstances our board of directors deemed relevant in determining their independence, including the beneficial ownership of our capital stock by each non-employee director, and the transactions involving them described in the section titled “Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions.”
Committees of the Board of Directors
Our board of directors has established an audit committee, a compensation committee, and a nominating and governance committee. The composition and responsibilities of each of the committees of our board of directors is described below. Members will serve on these committees until their resignation or until as otherwise determined by our board of directors.
Audit Committee
Our audit committee consists of Tim Cabral, Regina Benjamin, and Kevin Spain, with Mr. Cabral serving as Chairperson. The composition of our audit committee meets the requirements for independence under current New York Stock Exchange listing standards and SEC rules and regulations. Each member of our audit committee meets the financial literacy requirements of the New York Stock Exchange listing standards. In addition, our board of directors has determined that Mr. Cabral is an audit committee financial expert within the meaning of Item 407(d) of Regulation S-K under the Securities Act. Our audit committee will, among other things:
•select a qualified firm to serve as the independent registered public accounting firm to audit our consolidated financial statements;
•help to ensure the independence and performance of the independent registered public accounting firm;
•discuss the scope and results of the audit with the independent registered public accounting firm and review, with management and the independent registered public accounting firm, our interim and year-end results of operations;
•develop procedures for employees to submit concerns anonymously about questionable accounting or audit matters;
•review our policies on risk assessment and risk management;
•review related party transactions;
•obtain and review a report by the independent registered public accounting firm at least annually, that describes our internal control procedures, any material issues with such procedures and any steps taken to deal with such issues; and
•approve (or, as permitted, pre-approve) all audit and all permissible non-audit services, other than de minimis non-audit services, to be performed by the independent registered public accounting firm.
Our audit committee will operate under a written charter, to be effective prior to the completion of this offering, that satisfies the applicable rules of the SEC and the listing standards of the New York Stock Exchange.
Compensation Committee
Our compensation committee consists of Kevin Spain, Kira Wampler, and Gilbert Kliman, with Mr. Spain serving as Chairperson. The composition of our compensation committee meets the requirements for independence under New York Stock Exchange listing standards and SEC rules and regulations. Each member of the compensation committee is also a non-employee director, as defined pursuant to Rule 16b-3 promulgated under the Exchange Act. The purpose of our compensation committee is to discharge the responsibilities of our board of directors relating to compensation of our executive officers. Our compensation committee will, among other things:
•review, approve, and determine, or make recommendations to our board of directors regarding, the compensation of our executive officers;
•administer our stock and equity incentive plans;
•review and approve, or make recommendations to our board of directors regarding, incentive compensation and equity plans; and
•establish and review general policies relating to compensation and benefits of our employees.
Our compensation committee will operate under a written charter, to be effective prior to the completion of this offering, that satisfies the applicable rules of the SEC and the listing standards of the New York Stock Exchange.
Nominating and Governance Committee
Immediately following the completion of this offering, our nominating and governance committee will consist of Kira Wampler, Regina Benjamin, and Gilbert Kliman, with Ms. Wampler serving as Chairperson. The composition of our nominating and corporate governance committee meets the requirements for independence under New York Stock Exchange listing standards and SEC rules and regulations. Our nominating and corporate governance committee will, among other things:
•identify, evaluate, and select, or make recommendations to our board of directors regarding, nominees for election to our board of directors and its committees;
•evaluate the performance of our board of directors and of individual directors;
•consider and make recommendations to our board of directors regarding the composition of our board of directors and its committees;
•review developments in corporate governance practices;
•evaluate the adequacy of our corporate governance practices and reporting; and
•develop and make recommendations to our board of directors regarding corporate governance guidelines and matters.
The nominating and governance committee will operate under a written charter, to be effective prior to the completion of this offering, that satisfies the applicable listing requirements and rules of the New York Stock Exchange.
Role of Board of Directors in Risk Oversight Process
Our board of directors has responsibility for the oversight of our risk management processes and, either as a whole or through its committees, regularly discusses with management our major risk exposures, their potential impact on our business and the steps we take to manage them. The risk oversight process includes receiving regular reports from board committees and members of senior management to enable our board of directors to understand our risk identification, risk management, and risk mitigation strategies with respect to areas of potential material risk, including operations, finance, legal, regulatory, cybersecurity, strategic, and reputational risk.
Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation
None of the members of our compensation committee is or has been an officer or employee of our company. None of our executive officers currently serves, or in the past year has served, as a member of the board of directors or compensation committee of any entity that has one or more executive officers serving on our board of directors or compensation committee. See the section titled “Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions” for information about related party transaction involving members of our compensation committee or their affiliates.
EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
Overview
The following discussion contains forward‑looking statements that are based on our current plans, considerations, expectations, and determinations regarding future compensation programs. The actual amount and form of compensation and the compensation policies and practices that we adopt in the future may differ materially from currently planned programs as summarized in this discussion.
As an “emerging growth company,” we have opted to comply with the executive compensation disclosure rules applicable to “smaller reporting companies,” as such term is defined in the rules promulgated under the Securities Act. This section provides an overview of the compensation awarded to, earned by, or paid to each individual who served as our principal executive officer during fiscal 2021, our next two most highly compensated executive officers in respect of their service to our company for fiscal 2021, and one additional individual for whom disclosures would have been provided but for the fact that the individual was not serving as an executive officer at the end of fiscal 2021. We refer to these individuals as our named executive officers. Our named executive officers for fiscal 2021 are:
•Jeffrey Tangney, our Chief Executive Officer;
•Anna Bryson, our Chief Financial Officer;
•Yang Chao, our former Chief Financial Officer; and
•Joseph Kleine, our Chief Commercial Officer.
Compensation for our executive officers is comprised primarily of the following main components: base salary, bonus, and equity incentives in the form of stock options. Our executive officers, like all full-time employees, are eligible to participate in our health and welfare benefit plans. As we transition from a private company to a publicly traded company, we intend to evaluate our compensation philosophy and compensation plans and arrangements as circumstances require.
2021 Summary Compensation Table
The following table provides information regarding the total compensation for services rendered in all capacities that was earned by our named executive officers during fiscal 2021.
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Name and Principal Position
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Year
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Salary ($)
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Bonus ($)
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Option
Awards
($)(1)
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Non-Equity
Incentive Plan
Compensation ($)
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All Other
Compensation
($)(2)
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Total ($)
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Jeffrey Tangney
Chief Executive Officer
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2021
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240,000
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—
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20,868,314
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(3)
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—
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204,634
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21,312,948
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Anna Bryson
Chief Financial Officer
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2021
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221,667
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(4)
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4,080,372
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50,000
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(5)
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4,828
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4,356,867
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Yang Chao
Former Chief Financial Officer
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2021
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192,371
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(6)
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39,744
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(7)
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1,754,200
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—
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1,220,702
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(8)
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3,207,017
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Joseph Kleine
Chief Commercial Officer
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2021
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293,750
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(9)
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322,790
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643,087
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(10)
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4,000
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1,263,627
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_____________________
(1)The amounts reported represent the aggregate grant date fair value of the stock options awarded to our named executive officers during fiscal 2021, calculated in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board, or FASB, Accounting Standards Codification, or ASC, Topic 718. Such grant date fair values do not take into account any estimated forfeitures. The assumptions used in calculating the grant date fair value of the stock options reported in this column are set forth in note 10 of our consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus. The amounts reported in this column reflect the accounting cost for these stock options and do not correspond to the actual economic value that may be received by our named executive officers upon the exercise of the stock options or any sale of the underlying shares of common stock.
(2)The amounts reported represent a 401(k) matching contribution of $3,000 for each named executive officer and company-paid group life insurance premiums for each of Messrs. Tangney and Kleine, and Mses. Bryson and Chao of $342, $1,000, $131 and $281, respectively. For Mr. Tangney, the amount also includes $201,292 consisting of a $125,000 filing fee under the Hart Scott Rodino Antitrust Improvement Act of 1976, or HSR, paid by the company on his behalf plus a tax gross up of $76,292 for the income attributed to him in respect of such amount. For Ms. Bryson, the amount also includes a $1,000 technology stipend plus
tax gross up on such amount paid in fiscal 2021. For Ms. Chao, the amount also includes severance paid pursuant to Ms. Chao’s Separation Letter (as described in further detail below) consisting of $150,000 in salary continuation, $58,333 pro-rated annual bonus, $10,421 COBRA reimbursement, and $998,667 in value attributed to the six months of vesting acceleration of stock options.
(3)The amount reported reflects the grant date fair value of the stock option awarded to Mr. Tangney in fiscal 2021, as well as the expense incurred in fiscal 2021 as a result of the modification of the performance vesting conditions of his option to purchase1,792,000 shares granted on March 29, 2018.
(4)The amount reported reflects increases to Ms. Bryson’s annual base salary from $200,000 to $260,000, effective January 1, 2021, and from $260,000 to $300,000, effective February 1, 2021.
(5)The amount reported reflects an annual bonus earned by Ms. Bryson upon the achievement of pre-established performance metrics.
(6)Ms. Chao joined us in May 2020 and her service with the company ended in December 2020; her salary reflects her partial year of service.
(7)The amount reported reflects a sign on bonus received by Ms. Chao in connection with her commencement of employment. Pursuant to her offer letter, Ms. Chao was eligible to receive a sign on bonus in the amount of $50,000; however, a portion of that amount was paid as increased base salary and $39,744 was paid as a one-time bonus.
(8)The amount reported with respect to Ms. Chao also includes the fair value of her entire option grant. 387,832 shares subject to such grant were accelerated in connection with her separation of employment and all remaining shares subject to such grant (1,044,168 shares) were forfeited when her employment ended.
(9)The amount reported reflects an increase to Mr. Kleine’s annual base salary from $225,000 to $300,000, effective May 1, 2020.
(10)The amount reported reflects commissions earned by Mr. Kleine in fiscal 2021 pursuant to his fiscal 2021 commission plan (as described in further detail below).
Narratives to 2021 Summary Compensation Table
Base Salaries
We use base salaries to recognize the experience, skills, knowledge, and responsibilities required of all our employees, including our named executive officers. Base salaries are reviewed annually, typically in connection with our annual performance review process, and adjusted from time to time to realign salaries with market levels after taking into account individual responsibilities, performance and experience. For fiscal 2021, the annual base salaries for each of Messrs. Tangney and Kleine and Mses. Chao and Bryson were $240,000, $300,000, $300,000 and $300,000, respectively. Ms. Bryson and Mr. Kleine both received increases in their annual base salaries in fiscal 2021. Ms. Bryson’s annual base salary increased from $200,000 to $260,000, effective January 1, 2021, and from $260,000 to $300,000, effective February 1, 2021 in connection with her promotion to Chief Financial Officer. Mr. Kleine’s annual base salary increased from $225,000 to $300,000, effective May 1, 2020.
Equity Compensation
Although we do not have a formal policy with respect to the grant of equity incentive awards to our executive officers, we believe that equity grants provide our executives with a strong link to our long-term performance, create an ownership culture, and help to align the interests of our executives and our stockholders. In addition, we believe that equity grants with a time-based vesting feature promote executive retention because this feature incentivizes our executive officers to remain in our employment during the vesting period. Accordingly, our board of directors periodically reviews the equity incentive compensation of our named executive officers and may grant equity incentive awards to them from time to time. During fiscal 2021, we granted stock options to purchase shares of our common stock to Messrs. Tangney and Kleine and Mses. Bryson and Chao, as described in more detail in the “Outstanding Equity Awards at Fiscal 2021 Year-End” table. With respect to Ms. Chao, the unvested portion of her option grant was forfeited when her employment ended in December 2020.
Incentive Compensation
During fiscal 2021, Ms. Bryson was eligible to earn a bonus based upon achievement of both corporate and individual goals determined by her and our CEO, Mr. Tangney. On February 1, 2021, in connection with her promotion to Chief Financial Officer, Ms. Bryson’s annual target bonus for fiscal 2022 increased to $75,000.
During fiscal 2021, Mr. Kleine participated in our 2021 Sales Compensation Plan, or Commission Plan. Pursuant to the Commission Plan, Mr. Kleine was eligible to earn incentive compensation based upon the achievement of specific bookings and cash receipt goals as determined by us. On May 1, 2020, we increased Mr. Kleine’s target incentive compensation pursuant to the Commission Plan from $425,000 to $440,000.
Perquisites
We generally do not provide perquisites to our executives, other than 401(k) matching contributions and life insurance premiums to certain of our executive officers, including our named executive officers. In fiscal 2021, we
also paid an HSR filing fee on Mr. Tangney’s behalf and paid him a gross up for the income taxes related to such amount.
Executive Employment Arrangements
Offer Letters in Place During Fiscal 2021 for Named Executive Officers
Jeffrey Tangney
In April 2010, we entered into an employment offer letter with Mr. Tangney for the position of Chief Executive Officer. The offer letter provides for Mr. Tangney’s at-will employment and sets forth his initial base salary, eligibility to receive an annual performance bonus, an initial grant of restricted stock and eligibility to participate in our benefit plans. Mr. Tangney is subject to our confidential information, inventions assignment and arbitration agreements.
Yang Chao
In April 2020, we entered into an employment offer letter with Ms. Chao for the position of Chief Financial Officer, a position she held until December 2020. The offer letter provided for her at-will employment and set forth her initial base salary, eligibility to receive an annual bonus, an initial stock option grant, a one-time sign-on bonus of $50,000 and eligibility to participate in our benefit plans. The offer letter also provided that, in the event that Ms. Chao is terminated by us without cause (as defined in the offer letter), she will receive (i) six months of her then-current base salary and a pro-rated portion of her annual eligible bonus, (ii) payment of her COBRA health continuation premiums for a period of up to six months from the date of separation, to the extent she elects to continue health benefits and remains eligible under COBRA, and (iii) six months of vesting acceleration on any outstanding unvested option.
In connection with her cessation of service in December 2020, we entered into a separation and release letter with Ms. Chao, or Separation Agreement. Pursuant to the Separation Agreement, she received the benefits provided for under her offer letter consisting of separation pay of $208,333, comprised of six months of her base salary and a pro-rated portion of her annual bonus, six months of COBRA coverage, and six months of vesting acceleration on her outstanding option.
Ms. Chao is subject to our confidential information, inventions assignment and arbitration agreements.
Anna Bryson
In February 2021, we promoted Ms. Bryson to her current position as Chief Financial Officer and entered into an amended employment offer letter with her, replacing her prior August 2017 employment offer letter. The amended offer letter provides for Ms. Bryson’s at-will employment and sets forth her base salary, a stock option grant, eligibility to receive an annual bonus and eligibility to participate in our benefit plans. Pursuant to Ms. Bryson’s amended offer letter, in the event of a Change in Control and termination of employment by us without Cause or by Ms. Bryson as a result of Constructive Termination within twelve months following the consummation of the Change in Control (as such capitalized terms are defined in the amended offer letter), then Ms. Bryson will receive acceleration of 100% of any of her outstanding and unvested equity, such that all equity will become vested and exercisable as of her date of separation.
Ms. Bryson is subject to our confidential information, inventions assignment and arbitration agreements.
Joseph Kleine
In December 2015, we entered into an employment offer letter with Mr. Kleine for the position of Senior Vice President; Mr. Kleine currently serves as our Chief Commercial Officer. The offer letter provides for Mr. Kleine’s at-will employment and sets forth his initial base salary, eligibility to receive commissions, an initial stock option grant, and eligibility to participate in our benefit plans. Mr. Kleine is subject to our confidential information, inventions assignment and arbitration agreements.
Outstanding Equity Awards at Fiscal 2021 Year‑End
The following table sets forth information regarding outstanding equity awards held by our named executive officers as of March 31, 2021:
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Option Awards (1)
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Name
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Vesting
Commencement
Date
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Number of Securities Underlying Unexercised Options (#) Exercisable
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Number of Securities Underlying Unexercised Options (#) Unexercisable
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Equity Incentive Plan Awards: Number of
Securities Underlying Unexercised Unearned
Options (#)
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Option Exercise Price ($)
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Option Expiration Date
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Jeffrey Tangney
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3/11/2018
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(2)
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174,500
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671,500
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—
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0.97
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3/28/2028
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3/29/2018
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(3)
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—
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—
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1,792,000
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0.97
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3/28/2028
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3/27/2020
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(4)
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8,334
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—
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—
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0.60
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6/20/2026
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5/7/2021
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(5)
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—
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—
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100,000
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0.60
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6/20/2026
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4/1/2022
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(6)
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—
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3,750,000
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—
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8.26
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2/15/2031
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Anna Bryson
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8/21/2017
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(7)
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708
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3,542
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—
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0.82
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8/28/2027
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5/15/2019
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(8)
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208
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5,418
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—
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1.50
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5/14/2029
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5/1/2020
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(8)
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—
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126,668
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—
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1.54
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6/9/2030
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5/1/2020
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(7)
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—
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40,000
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—
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1.54
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6/9/2030
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8/21/2021
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(8)
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—
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32,000
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—
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2.21
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9/28/2030
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8/21/2022
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(10)
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—
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80,000
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—
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4.12
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12/21/2030
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2/1/2021
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(6)
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—
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692,268
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—
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8.26
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2/4/2031
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Joseph Kleine
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2/22/2016
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(7)(15)
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280,000
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—
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—
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0.57
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2/23/2026
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11/9/2016
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(8)(15)
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70,000
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—
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—
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0.72
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11/8/2026
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2/28/2017
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(8)(15)
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160,000
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—
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—
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0.72
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2/27/2027
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3/28/2017
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(9)(15)
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12,800
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—
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—
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0.57
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3/20/2026
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3/19/2018
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(11)(15)
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16,000
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—
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—
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0.72
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3/27/2027
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3/19/2018
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(8)(15)
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285,000
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95,000
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—
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0.97
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3/18/2028
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3/29/2018
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(12)(15)
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8,000
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—
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—
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0.97
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3/28/2028
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2/28/2019
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(8)(15)
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187,500
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172,500
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—
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1.09
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2/12/2029
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3/27/2020
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(13)(15)
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90,000
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270,000
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—
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1.09
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2/12/2029
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5/1/2020
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(8)(15)(16)
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33,332
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126,668
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—
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1.54
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6/9/2030
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5/26/2021
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(14)(15)(16)
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—
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—
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100,000
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1.54
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6/9/2030
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_____________________
(1)Unless otherwise described herein, each option grant is subject to the terms of our 2010 Plan. Shares underlying each award granted under our 2010 Plan are shares of our Class B common stock
(2)This stock option was granted outside of the 2010 Plan. 1/48th of the shares subject to the stock option vest on a monthly basis following the vesting commencement date, subject to Mr. Tangney’s continuous service relationship with the company through each applicable vesting date.
(3)The date reported reflects the date of grant of the stock option. This grant was made outside of the 2010 Plan as a retention grant to incentivize Mr. Tangney to lead us through achieving certain company goals and vests in full if, prior to September 30, 2022, either (i) the company completes a qualified initial public offering and the average daily closing price of the company’s common stock during the three-month period commencing on the first date of the fourth calendar month following the expiration of the post-IPO lock-up period exceeds $9.66 per share; or (ii) the company completes a liquidation event where the value of the company’s common stock in such transaction equals or exceeds $9.66 per share. The stock price target of $9.66 per share was based on an increase of ten times the price of the company’s common stock at the time the option was granted in 2018.
(4)The shares subject to the stock option vested subject to a time-based and performance-based vesting schedule. The shares subject to the stock option vested 1/12th monthly following the vesting commencement date and became exercisable upon the date that the board determined that the company-wide performance goals established for calendar year 2019 were achieved.
(5)The shares subject to the stock option vest subject to a time-based and performance-based vesting schedule. The shares subject to the stock option vest 1/12th monthly following the date that the Board determined Mr. Tangney met certain goals related to revenue, corporate governance and IPO readiness, and member engagement; the Board determined such date to be March 31, 2021, subject to the named executive officer’s continuous service relationship with the company through each applicable vesting date.
(6)1/60th of the shares subject to the stock option vest on a monthly basis following the vesting commencement date, subject to the named executive officer’s continuous service relationship with the company through each applicable vesting date.
(7)1/4th of the shares subject to the stock option vest on the first anniversary of the vesting commencement date and the remaining shares vest in 36 equal monthly installments thereafter, generally subject to the named executive officer’s continuous service relationship with the company through each applicable vesting date.
(8)1/48th of the shares subject to the stock option vest on a monthly basis following the vesting commencement date, subject to the named executive officer’s continuous service relationship with the company through each applicable vesting date.
(9)The shares subject to the stock option vested subject to a time-based and performance-based vesting schedule. The shares subject to this option vested in part upon the achievement of certain performance goals in 2016 and 2017. Upon the board’s determination that such performance goals were met, the shares were
subject to time-based vesting at the rate of 1/12th monthly following the vesting commencement date subject to the named executive officer’s continued service relationship with the company.
(10)1/48th of the shares subject to the stock option vest on a monthly basis following the fifth anniversary of Ms. Bryson’s hire date, August 21, 2022, subject to her continuous service relationship with the company through each applicable vesting date.
(11)The shares subject to this option vested in 12 monthly installments following the achievement of certain performance goals in calendar year 2017, subject to the named executive officer’s continuous service relationship with the company through each applicable vesting date.
(12)The shares subject to this option vested in full upon the achievement of certain performance goals in calendar year 2018 and calendar year 2019, and subject to the named executive officer’s continuous service relationship with the company through each applicable vesting date.
(13)The shares subject to this option vest in 48 equal monthly installments following the date that the target milestone related to the achievement of a certain annual contract value in fiscal 2020 was achieved, and subject to the named executive officer’s continuous service relationship with the company through each applicable vesting date.
(14)The shares subject to this option shall fully vest upon the date that our board determines that certain target milestones related to our bookings plan have been achieved, subject to the named executive officer’s continuous service relationship with the company through each applicable vesting date. In the event that the target milestones are not achieved on or before March 31, 2021, or if the board does not otherwise determine to vest the option in whole or in part on or prior to June 30, 2021, the option shall expire.
(15)In the event there is a change of control and we terminate Mr. Kleine’s employment other than for cause or Mr. Kleine terminates his employment with us as a result of a constructive termination, in either case within 12 months following the consummation of a change of control, 100% of the then-unvested shares subject to the option shall vest and become exercisable as of such termination date.
(16)In the event that we terminate Mr. Kleine’s employment without cause, the then-unvested shares subject to the option that would have vested during the six months following Mr. Kleine’s termination will vest and become exercisable.
Employee Benefit and Stock Plans
2021 Stock Option and Incentive Plan
Our 2021 Plan was adopted by our board of directors and subsequently approved by our stockholders in June 2021 and will become effective on the day before the date on which the registration statement of which this prospectus forms part is declared effective by the SEC. Our 2021 Plan will replace our 2010 Plan, as our board of directors will not make additional awards under our 2010 Plan following the completion of our initial public offering. However, our 2010 Plan will continue to govern outstanding equity awards granted thereunder. Our 2021 Plan will allow the compensation committee to make equity‑based incentive awards to our officers, employees, directors, and other key persons, including consultants.
Authorized Shares. We have initially reserved 22,500,000 shares of our Class A common stock for the issuance of awards under our 2021 Plan. Our 2021 Plan provides that the number of shares reserved and available for issuance under our 2021 Plan will automatically increase each April 1, beginning on April 1, 2022 and continuing through April 1, 2031, by 5% of the outstanding number of shares of our Class A and Class B common stock on the immediately preceding March 31 or such lesser number of shares as determined by our compensation committee. This number will be subject to adjustment in the event of a stock split, stock dividend, or other change in our capitalization. The shares we issue under our 2021 Plan will be authorized but unissued shares or shares that we reacquire. The shares of stock underlying any awards that are forfeited, cancelled, held back upon exercise or settlement of an award to satisfy the exercise price or tax withholding, reacquired by us prior to vesting, satisfied without the issuance of stock, expire, or are otherwise terminated, other than by exercise, under our 2021 Plan and under our 2010 Plan will be added back to the shares of Class A common stock available for issuance under our 2021 Plan (after being converted from Class B common stock into Class A common stock). The maximum number of shares of Class A common stock that may be issued as incentive stock options in any one calendar year period under our 2021 Plan may not exceed 22,500,000 shares cumulatively increased on April 1, 2022 and on each April 1 thereafter by the lesser of 5% of the number of outstanding shares of Class A and Class B common stock as of the immediately preceding March 31, or 22,500,000 shares.
Non-Employee Director Limit. Our 2021 Plan contains a limitation whereby the value of all awards under our 2021 Plan and all other cash compensation paid by us to any non-employee director may not exceed: (i) $1 million in the first calendar year an individual becomes a non-employee director and (ii) $750,000 in any other calendar year.
Administration. Our 2021 Plan will be administered by our compensation committee. Our compensation committee will have full power to select, from among the individuals eligible for awards, the individuals to whom awards will be granted, to make any combination of awards to participants, and to determine the specific terms and conditions of each award, subject to the provisions of our 2021 Plan. The plan administrator is specifically authorized to exercise its discretion to reduce the exercise price of outstanding stock options and stock appreciation rights or effect the repricing of such awards through cancellation and re-grants.
Eligibility. Persons eligible to participate in our 2021 Plan are those employees, non‑employee directors, and consultants, as selected from time to time by our compensation committee in its discretion.
Options. Our 2021 Plan permits the granting of both options to purchase stock intended to qualify as incentive stock options under Section 422 of the Code and options that do not so qualify. The option exercise price of each option will be determined by our compensation committee but may not be less than 100% of the fair market value of our Class A common stock on the date of grant unless the option is granted (i) pursuant to a transaction described in, and in a manner consistent with, Section 424(a) of the Code or (ii) to individuals who are not subject to U.S. income tax. The term of each option will be fixed by our compensation committee and may not exceed 10 years from the date of grant. Our compensation committee will determine at what time or times each option may be exercised.
Stock Appreciation Rights. Our 2021 Plan permits the granting of stock appreciation rights subject to such conditions and restrictions as our compensation committee may determine. Stock appreciation rights entitle the recipient to shares of Class A common stock, or cash, equal to the value of the appreciation in our stock price over the exercise price. The exercise price may not be less than 100% of the fair market value of our common stock on the date of grant. The term of each stock appreciation right will be fixed by our compensation committee and may not exceed 10 years from the date of grant. Our compensation committee will determine at what time or times each stock appreciation right may be exercised.
Restricted Stock and Restricted Stock Units. Our 2021 Plan also permits the granting of restricted shares of Class A common stock and restricted stock units to participants subject to such conditions and restrictions as our compensation committee may determine. These conditions and restrictions may include the achievement of certain performance goals and/or continued employment with us through a specified vesting period.
Unrestricted Stock Awards. Our 2021 Plan also permits the granting of shares of Class A common stock that are free from any restrictions. Unrestricted stock may be granted to participants in recognition of past services or for other valid consideration and may be issued in lieu of cash compensation due to such participant.
Dividend Equivalent Rights. Our 2021 Plan also permits the granting of dividend equivalent rights to participants that entitle the recipient to receive credits for dividends that would be paid if the recipient had held a specified number of shares of Class A common stock.
Cash‑Based Awards. Our compensation committee is also permitted to grant cash bonuses under our 2021 Plan to participants, subject to the achievement of certain performance goals.
Sale Event. Our 2021 Plan provides that upon the effectiveness of a “sale event,” as defined in our 2021 Plan, an acquirer or successor entity may assume, continue or substitute for the outstanding awards under our 2021 Plan. To the extent that awards granted under our 2021 Plan are not assumed or continued or substituted by the successor entity, all unvested awards granted under our 2021 Plan shall terminate. In such case, except as may be otherwise provided in the relevant award agreement, all options and stock appreciation rights with time-based vesting, conditions or restrictions that are not vested and exercisable immediately prior to the sale event will become fully vested and exercisable as of the sale event, all other awards with time-based vesting, conditions, or restrictions will become fully vested and nonforfeitable as of the sale event, and all awards with conditions and restrictions relating to the attainment of performance goals may become vested and nonforfeitable in connection with the sale event at the plan administrator’s discretion or to the extent specified in the relevant award agreement. In the event of such termination, individuals holding options and stock appreciation rights will be permitted to exercise such options and stock appreciation rights (to the extent exercisable) prior to the sale event. In addition, in connection with the termination of our 2021 Plan upon a sale event, we may make or provide for a cash payment to participants holding vested and exercisable options and stock appreciation rights equal to the difference between the per share cash consideration payable to stockholders in the sale event and the exercise price of the options or stock appreciation rights.
Amendment. Our board of directors may amend or discontinue our 2021 Plan and our compensation committee may amend or cancel outstanding awards for purposes of satisfying changes in law or any other lawful purpose, but no such action may adversely affect rights under an award without the holder’s consent. Certain amendments to our 2021 Plan will require the approval of our stockholders.
No awards may be granted under our 2021 Plan after the date that is 10 years from the date of stockholder approval of our 2021 Plan. No awards under our 2021 Plan have been made prior to the date hereof.
2010 Equity Incentive Plan, as amended
Our 2010 Plan was adopted by our board of directors in April 2010, and subsequently approved by our stockholders, and was most recently amended by our board of directors in February 2021. Our 2010 Plan allows for the grant of incentive stock options, nonstatutory stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock awards, and restricted stock units to employees, directors, and consultants. Following this offering, we will not grant any further awards under our 2010 Plan. All outstanding awards under the 2010 Plan will continue to be governed by their existing terms.
Authorized Shares. As of March 31, 2021, the number of shares of our Class B common stock reserved for issuance under the 2010 Plan was 71,966,690 shares of common stock. This number is subject to adjustment in the event of a stock split, stock dividend, or other change in our capitalization. Shares under awards that are forfeited back to the company because of the failure to meet a contingency or condition required to vest such shares, any shares paid to the company under a “net-exercise” arrangement, and any shares withheld in satisfaction of taxes shall revert to and again become available for issuance under the 2010 Plan. Following this offering, such shares will be added to the shares of common stock available for issuance under our 2021 Plan (provided, that such shares of Class B common stock of the company shall first be converted to shares of Class A common stock of the company).
Administration. The 2010 Plan is currently administered by our board of directors. The plan administrator has the authority to interpret and administer our 2010 Plan and any agreement thereunder, and to determine the terms of awards, including the recipients, the number of shares subject to each award, the exercise, purchase or strike price, if any, the vesting schedule applicable to the awards together with any vesting acceleration, and the terms of the award agreement for use under our 2010 Plan.
Eligibility. Persons eligible to participate in the 2010 Plan are our employees, directors, and consultants as selected from time to time by our board of directors in its discretion.
Options. The 2010 Plan permits the granting of both options to purchase common stock intended to qualify as incentive stock options under Section 422 of the Code and options that do not so qualify. The option exercise price of each option or, alternatively, the method for establishing an option’s exercise price is determined by our board of directors on the date such option is granted. The term of each option is fixed by our board of directors and may not exceed 10 years from the date of grant. Our board of directors determines at what time or times each option may be exercised.
Stock Appreciation Rights. Our board of directors may award stock appreciation rights subject to such conditions and restrictions as it may determine.
Restricted Stock and Restricted Stock Units. Our board of directors may award restricted shares of common stock and restricted stock units to participants subject to such conditions and restrictions as it may determine. These conditions and restrictions may include the achievement of certain performance goals and/or continued employment with us through a specified vesting period.
Change in Control. The 2010 Plan provides that in the event of a merger or a “Change in Control,” as defined in the 2010 Plan, each outstanding award is treated as our board determines without participant consent. Outstanding awards may be (i) assumed or substituted by an acquiring company; (ii) upon written notice to participants, terminate upon or immediately prior to the Change in Control or merger; (iii) vest and become exercisable, or restrictions will lapse, in whole or in part prior to the Change in Control or merger; (iv) terminate for an amount of cash or property equal to what the participant would have received on exercise or realization of the award, if any; or (v) any combination of the foregoing. However, in the event that the acquiring company does not assume or substitute awards, (x) all vesting on options and stock appreciation rights shall fully accelerate and become exercisable, (y) all restrictions on restricted stock and restricted stock units will lapse, and (z) any performance-based vesting and performance goals or other vesting criteria will be deemed achieved at one-hundred percent of goal. Additionally, the board of directors will notify participants, in writing or electronically, that the options and stock appreciation rights will be exercisable for a period of time will terminate upon the expiration of such period.
Transferability. Under our 2010 Plan, unless otherwise determined by the board of directors, awards are generally not transferable other than by will or the laws of descent and distribution.
Amendment. Our board of directors may amend or discontinue the 2010 Plan at any time, and our board of directors can amend or cancel outstanding awards for purposes of satisfying changes in law or any other lawful
purpose. Certain amendments to the 2010 Plan or awards thereunder will require the approval of our stockholders and amendments that would impair the rights of any participant require the written consent of that participant.
Plan Term. No awards may be granted under the 2010 Plan after the date that is 10 years from the later of the date of board approval of the 2010 Plan or the most recent board approval of an increase in the number of shares reserved for issuance under the 2010 Plan.
2021 Employee Stock Purchase Plan
In June 2021 our board of directors and our stockholders approved our ESPP. The ESPP will become effective immediately prior to the time that the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part is declared effective by the SEC. We have initially reserved 4,500,000 shares of our Class A common stock under our ESPP. Our ESPP provides that the number of shares reserved and available for issuance will automatically increase each April 1, beginning on April 1, 2022 and continuing through April 1, 2031, by the lesser of 6,750,000 shares of our Class A common stock, 1% of the outstanding number of shares of our Class A and Class B common stock on the immediately preceding March 31, or such lesser number of shares as determined by our compensation committee. This number will be subject to adjustment in the event of a stock split, stock dividend, or other change in our capitalization.
All employees whose customary employment is for more than 20 hours per week or are otherwise required to participate by applicable local law will be eligible to participate in the ESPP. Any employee who owns 5% or more of the total combined voting power or value of all classes of stock will not be eligible to purchase shares under the ESPP.
Our ESPP will be administered by the person or persons appointed by our board of directors for such purpose. The administrator has authority and full power to adopt, alter and repeal such rules, guidelines and practices for the administration of our ESPP as it shall deem advisable, to interpret the terms and provisions of our ESPP, decide all disputes arising in connection with the ESPP; and otherwise supervise the administration of our ESPP.
We will make one or more offerings, consisting of one or more purchase periods, each year to our employees to purchase shares under our ESPP. No offerings have been authorized to date by the plan administrator under the ESPP. The first offering will begin and end on dates to be determined by the administrator. Subsequent offerings will usually begin every six months and will continue for six‑month periods, referred to as offering periods. Each eligible employee may elect to participate in any offering by submitting an enrollment form at least 15 days before the relevant offering date.
Each employee who is a participant in the ESPP may purchase shares by authorizing contributions of up to 15% of his or her compensation during an offering period, or such other maximum as may be specified by the administrator in advance of an offering. Unless the participating employee has previously withdrawn from the offering, his or her accumulated contributions will be used to purchase shares on the last business day of the purchase period at a price equal to 85% of the fair market value of the shares on the first business day of the offering period or the last business day of the purchase period, whichever is lower, provided that no more than 10,000 shares of Class A common stock (or a lesser number as established by the plan administrator in advance of the purchase period) may be purchased by any one employee during each purchase period. Under applicable tax rules, an employee may purchase no more than $25,000 worth of shares of common stock, valued at the start of the offering period, under the ESPP for each calendar year in which a purchase right is outstanding.
The accumulated contributions of any employee who is not a participant on the last day of a purchase period will be refunded. An employee’s rights under the ESPP terminate upon voluntary withdrawal from the plan or when the employee ceases employment with us for any reason.
The ESPP may be terminated or amended by our board of directors at any time but shall automatically terminate on the 10 year anniversary of this offering. An amendment that increases the number of shares of common stock that are authorized under the ESPP and certain other amendments will require the approval of our stockholders. The plan administrator may adopt subplans under the ESPP for employees of our non U.S. subsidiaries who may participate in the ESPP and may permit such employees to participate in the ESPP on different terms, to the extent permitted by applicable law.
Senior Executive Cash Incentive Bonus Plan
In June 2021 our board of directors adopted the Senior Executive Cash Incentive Bonus Plan, or the Bonus Plan. The Bonus Plan will become effective on the day before the date on which the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part is declared effective by the SEC. The Bonus Plan provides for cash bonus payments based upon the attainment of performance targets established by our compensation committee. The payment targets will be related to financial and operational measures or objectives with respect to our company, or corporate performance goals, as well as individual performance objectives.
Our compensation committee may select corporate performance goals from among the following: achievement of cash flow (including, but not limited to, operating cash flow and free cash flow); earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization; net income (loss) (either before or after interest, taxes, depreciation, and/or amortization); changes in the market price of our stock; economic value-added; acquisitions or strategic transactions, including licenses, collaborations, joint ventures, or promotion arrangements; operating income (loss); return on capital, assets, equity, or investment; total stockholder returns; gross or net profit levels; productivity; expense efficiency; margins; operating efficiency; customer satisfaction; working capital; earnings (loss) per share; bookings, new bookings or renewals; sales or market shares; number of customers, or number of new customers; revenue; corporate revenue; operating income and/or net annual recurring revenue, any of which may be (A) measured in absolute terms or compared to any incremental increase, (B) measured in terms of growth, (C) compared to another company or companies or to results of a peer group, (D) measured against the market as a whole and/or as compared to applicable market indices, and/or (E) measured on a pre-tax or post-tax basis (if applicable).
Each executive officer who is selected to participate in the Bonus Plan will have a target bonus opportunity set for each performance period. The bonus formulas will be adopted in each performance period by the compensation committee and communicated to each executive. The corporate performance goals will be measured at the end of each performance period after our financial reports have been published or such other appropriate time as the compensation committee determines. If the corporate performance goals and individual performance objectives are met, payments will be made as soon as practicable following the end of each performance period. Subject to the rights contained in any agreement between the executive officer and us, an executive officer must be employed by us on the bonus payment date to be eligible to receive a bonus payment. The Bonus Plan also permits the compensation committee to approve additional bonuses to executive officers in its sole discretion and provides the compensation committee with discretion to adjust the size of the award as it deems appropriate.
Doximity 401(k) Plan
We maintain a tax-qualified retirement plan that provides eligible U.S. employees with an opportunity to save for retirement on a tax-advantaged basis. Plan participants are able to defer eligible compensation subject to applicable annual Internal Revenue Code limits. We provide a matching contribution of 100% of employee contributions up to $3,000 of compensation. The 401(k) plan is intended to be qualified under Section 401(a) of the Internal Revenue Code with the 401(k) plan's related trust intended to be tax exempt under Section 501(a) of the Internal Revenue Code. As a tax-qualified retirement plan, contributions to the 401(k) plan and earnings on those contributions are not taxable to the employees until distributed from the 401(k) plan.
Non-Employee Director Compensation
Other than as set forth in the table and described more fully below, we did not provide any compensation or make any equity awards or non-equity awards to any person who served as a non-employee member of our board of directors during fiscal 2021. During fiscal 2021, Jeffrey Tangney, our Chief Executive Officer, served as a member of our board of directors, as well as an employee, and received no additional compensation for his services as a member of our board of directors. See the section titled “Executive Compensation” for more information about Mr.
Tangney’s compensation for fiscal 2021. We reimburse all reasonable out-of-pocket expenses incurred by directors for their attendance at meetings of our board of directors or any committee thereof.
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Name(1)
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Option Awards ($)(2)
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Total ($)
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Kevin Spain
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—
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—
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Gilbert Kliman, M.D
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—
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—
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Kira Wampler
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645,076
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645,076
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Regina Benjamin, M.D.
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1,126,940
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1,126,940
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Tim Cabral
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1,126,940
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1,126,940
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_____________________
(1)Except as set forth in the table, none of our directors held options to purchase our common stock or any other stock awards as of March 31, 2021. Each option grant is subject to the terms of our 2010 Plan. The below table sets forth the number of outstanding equity awards held by each director as of March 31, 2021.
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Aggregate Number of Shares Subject to Stock Options
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Kira Wampler(3)
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536,000
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Regina Benjamin, M.D.(4)
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537,000
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Tim Cabral(5)
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536,000
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(2)The amounts reported represent the aggregate grant date fair value of the stock options awarded to our non-employee directors during fiscal 2021, calculated in accordance with the Financial Accounting Standards Board, or FASB, ASC Topic 718. Such grant date fair values do not take into account any estimated forfeitures. The assumptions used in calculating the grant date fair value of the stock options reported in this column are set forth in note 10 of our consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus. The amounts reported in this column reflect the accounting cost for these stock options and do not correspond to the actual economic value that may be received by our directors upon the exercise of the stock options or any sale of the underlying shares of common stock.
(3)Ms. Wampler joined our board of directors in December 2019. Pursuant to her offer letter, Ms. Wampler was granted an option to purchase 536,000 shares of our common stock, which vests in thirty-six equal monthly installments commencing on March 27, 2020, subject to her continuous service on the board of directors of the company through each applicable vesting date.
(4)Dr. Benjamin joined our board of directors in August 2020. Pursuant to her offer letter, Dr. Benjamin was granted an option to purchase 536,000 shares of our common stock, which vests in thirty-six equal monthly installments commencing on September 2, 2020, subject to her continuous service on the board of directors of the company through each applicable vesting date. The amount reported also includes a vested option grant for 1,000 shares made to Dr. Benjamin in 2018.
(5)Mr. Cabral joined our board of directors in August 2020. Pursuant to his offer letter, Mr. Cabral was granted an option to purchase 536,000 shares of our common stock, which vests in thirty-six equal monthly installments commencing on September 2, 2020, subject to his continuous service on the board of directors of the company through each applicable vesting date.
Non-Employee Director Compensation Program
Prior to this offering, we did not have a formal policy to compensate our non-employee directors and did not pay any cash compensation to any of our non-employee directors. Immediately prior to the completion of this offering, we intend to implement a formal policy pursuant to which our non-employee directors will be eligible to receive the following cash retainers and equity awards:
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Annual Retainer for Board Membership
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Annual service on the board of directors
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$
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30,000
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Additional Retainer Lead Director
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$
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15,000
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Additional Retainer Non-Executive Chair
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$
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25,000
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Additional Annual Retainer for Committee Membership
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Annual service as member of the audit committee (other than chair)
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$
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10,000
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Annual service as chair of the audit committee
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$
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20,000
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Annual service as member of the compensation committee (other than chair)
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$
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6,000
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Annual service as chair of the compensation committee
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$
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12,000
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Annual service as member of the nominating and corporate governance committee (other than chair)
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$
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4,000
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Annual service as chair of the nominating and corporate governance committee
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$
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8,000
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Our policy will provide that, upon initial election to our board of directors, each non-employee director will automatically be granted an RSU grant with a value of $350,000, or the Initial Grant, based on the closing price of
our common stock over the trailing 30-day period ending on the day immediately prior to the effective date of grant, to vest in equal annual installments over three years subject to continued service as a director through each applicable vesting date. Furthermore, on the date of each of our annual meeting of stockholders following the completion of this offering, each non-employee director who will continue as a non-employee director following such meeting (other than any such director who received an Initial Grant within the immediately preceding three months) will be automatically granted an RSU grant with a value of $185,000, or the Annual Grant, based on the closing price of our common stock over the trailing 30-day period ending on the day immediately prior to the effective date of grant, to vest in full on the earlier of (i) the first anniversary of the grant date or (ii) our next annual meeting of stockholders, subject to continued service as a director through the applicable vesting date.
The Initial Grant and Annual Grant shall accelerate and vest in full upon a Sale Event as defined in our 2021 Plan.
Employee directors will receive no additional compensation for their service as a director.
We will reimburse all reasonable out‑of‑pocket expenses incurred by directors for their attendance at meetings of our board of directors or any committee thereof.
CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
In addition to the compensation arrangements, including employment, termination of employment, and change in control arrangements and indemnification arrangements, discussed, when required, in the sections titled “Management” and “Executive Compensation” and the registration rights described in the section titled “Description of Capital Stock—Registration Rights,” the following is a description of each transaction since April 1, 2018 and each currently proposed transaction in which:
•we have been or are to be a participant;
•the amount involved exceeded or exceeds $120,000; and
•any of our directors, executive officers, or holders of more than 5% of our capital stock, or any immediate family member of, or person sharing the household with, any of these individuals, had or will have a direct or indirect material interest.
Stock Transfers
On December 27, 2018, Jeffrey Tangney, our Chief Executive Officer and a director, transferred 8,000 shares of our common stock to Bernard Tangney, his father, for no consideration.
On December 20, 2018, Mr. Tangney transferred 8,000 shares of our common stock to Linda Tangney, his mother, for no consideration.
On February 13, 2019, Mr. Tangney transferred 42,001,500 shares of our common stock, 1,042,700 shares of our Series A redeemable convertible preferred stock, and 77,054 shares of our Series B redeemable convertible preferred stock to the Tangney Schweikert Family Trust, a trust established for his children, for no consideration.
On February 13, 2019, Claudia Schweikert, Mr. Tangney’s wife, transferred 1,391,112 shares of our common stock to the Tangney Schweikert Family Trust for no consideration.
On December 22, 2020, the Tangney Schweikert Family Trust transferred 600,000 shares of our common stock to the Dechomai Foundation, Inc., a donor-advised fund which works with donors and charities to facilitate donations of non-cash assets, for no consideration.
On April 21, 2021, the Tangney Schweikert Family Trust transferred 20,000,000 shares of our common stock to the Tangney Annuity Trust, LLC, a trust established for the benefit of Mr. Tangney’s family members, for no consideration.
Warrants
In April 2019, Emergence Capital Partners and InterWest Partners each exercised warrants, issued pursuant to our August 2012 Series B redeemable convertible preferred stock financing, for 19,166 shares of Series B redeemable convertible preferred stock, at an exercise price of $0.65 per share.
Investors’ Rights Agreement
We are party to an investors’ rights agreement which provides, among other things, that certain holders of our capital stock have the right to demand that we file a registration statement or request that their shares of our capital stock be covered by a registration statement that we are otherwise filing. The parties to the investors’ rights agreement include Jeffrey Tangney and entities affiliated with Jeffrey Tangney, our Chief Executive Officer and a current director, and entities affiliated with InterWest Partners, Emergence Capital Partners, and Morgenthaler Ventures. See the section titled “Description of Capital Stock—Registration Rights.”
Right of First Refusal
Pursuant to certain of our equity compensation plans and certain agreements with our stockholders, including a right of first refusal and co-sale agreement, we or our assignees have a right to purchase shares of our capital stock
which certain stockholders propose to sell to other parties. This right will terminate upon completion of this offering. The parties to the right of first refusal and co-sale agreement include Jeffrey Tangney and entities affiliated with Jeffrey Tangney, our Chief Executive Officer and a current director, and entities affiliated with InterWest Partners, Emergence Capital Partners, and Morgenthaler Ventures.
Voting Agreement
We are party to a voting agreement under which certain holders of our capital stock have agreed to vote their shares of our capital stock on certain matters, including with respect to the election of directors. Upon completion of this offering, the voting agreement will terminate and none of our stockholders will have any special rights regarding the election or designation of members of our board of directors. The parties to the voting agreement include Jeffrey Tangney and entities affiliated with Jeffrey Tangney, our Chief Executive Officer and a current director, and entities affiliated with InterWest Partners, Emergence Capital Partners, and Morgenthaler Ventures.
Other Transactions
We have entered into offer letter agreements with our executive officers that, among other things, provide for certain compensatory and change in control benefits, as well as severance benefits. For a description of these agreements with our named executive officers, see the section titled “Executive Compensation.”
We have granted stock options to purchase shares of our Class B common stock to our executive officers and certain of our directors. See the sections titled “Executive Compensation” and “Executive Compensation—Non-Employee Director Compensation” for a description of these options.
Other than as described above under this section titled “Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions,” since April 1, 2018, we have not entered into any transactions, nor are there any currently proposed transactions, between us and a related party where the amount involved exceeds, or would exceed, $120,000, and in which any related person had or will have a direct or indirect material interest. We believe the terms of the transactions described above were comparable to terms we could have obtained in arm’s-length dealings with unrelated third parties.
Limitation of Liability and Indemnification of Officers and Directors
Prior to the completion of this offering, we expect to adopt an amended and restated certificate of incorporation, which will become effective immediately prior to the completion of this offering and which will contain provisions that limit the liability of our directors for monetary damages to the fullest extent permitted by Delaware law. Consequently, our directors will not be personally liable to us or our stockholders for monetary damages for any breach of fiduciary duties as directors, except liability for the following:
•any breach of their duty of loyalty to our company or our stockholders;
•any act or omission not in good faith or that involves intentional misconduct or a knowing violation of law;
•unlawful payments of dividends or unlawful stock repurchases or redemptions as provided in Section 174 of the Delaware General Corporation Law; or
•any transaction from which they derived an improper personal benefit.
Any amendment to, or repeal of, these provisions will not eliminate or reduce the effect of these provisions in respect of any act, omission, or claim that occurred or arose prior to that amendment or repeal. If the Delaware General Corporation Law is amended to provide for further limitations on the personal liability of directors of corporations, then the personal liability of our directors will be further limited to the greatest extent permitted by the Delaware General Corporation Law.
In addition, prior to the completion of this offering, we expect to adopt amended and restated bylaws which will provide that we will indemnify, to the fullest extent permitted by law, any person who is or was a party or is threatened to be made a party to any action, suit, or proceeding by reason of the fact that he or she is or was one of
our directors or officers or is or was serving at our request as a director or officer of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, or other enterprise. Our amended and restated bylaws are expected to provide that we may indemnify to the fullest extent permitted by law any person who is or was a party or is threatened to be made a party to any action, suit, or proceeding by reason of the fact that he or she is or was one of our employees or agents or is or was serving at our request as an employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, or other enterprise. Our amended and restated bylaws will also provide that we must advance expenses incurred by or on behalf of a director or officer in advance of the final disposition of any action or proceeding, subject to very limited exceptions.
Further, prior to the completion of this offering, we expect to enter into indemnification agreements with each of our directors and executive officers that may be broader than the specific indemnification provisions contained in the Delaware General Corporation Law. These indemnification agreements will require us, among other things, to indemnify our directors and executive officers against liabilities that may arise by reason of their status or service. These indemnification agreements will also require us to advance all expenses incurred by the directors and executive officers in investigating or defending any such action, suit, or proceeding. We believe that these agreements are necessary to attract and retain qualified individuals to serve as directors and executive officers.
The limitation of liability and indemnification provisions that are expected to be included in our amended and restated certificate of incorporation, amended and restated bylaws, and in indemnification agreements that we enter into with our directors and executive officers may discourage stockholders from bringing a lawsuit against our directors and executive officers for breach of their fiduciary duties. They may also reduce the likelihood of derivative litigation against our directors and executive officers, even though an action, if successful, might benefit us and other stockholders. Further, a stockholder’s investment may be harmed to the extent that we pay the costs of settlement and damage awards against directors and executive officers as required by these indemnification provisions. At present, we are not aware of any pending litigation or proceeding involving any person who is or was one of our directors, officers, employees, or other agents or is or was serving at our request as a director, officer, employee, or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, or other enterprise, for which indemnification is sought, and we are not aware of any threatened litigation that may result in claims for indemnification.
Prior to the completion of this offering, we expect to obtain insurance policies under which, subject to the limitations of the policies, coverage is provided to our directors and executive officers against loss arising from claims made by reason of breach of fiduciary duty or other wrongful acts as a director or executive officer, including claims relating to public securities matters, and to us with respect to payments that may be made by us to these directors and executive officers pursuant to our indemnification obligations or otherwise as a matter of law.
Certain of our non-employee directors may, through their relationships with their employers, be insured and/or indemnified against certain liabilities incurred in their capacity as members of our board of directors.
The underwriting agreement will provide for indemnification by the underwriters of us and our officers, directors, and employees for certain liabilities arising under the Securities Act or otherwise.
Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to directors, officers, or persons controlling our company pursuant to the foregoing provisions, we have been informed that, in the opinion of the SEC, such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is therefore unenforceable.
Policies and Procedures for Related Party Transactions
Following the completion of this offering, our audit committee charter will provide that the audit committee has the primary responsibility for reviewing and approving or disapproving “related party transactions,” which are transactions between us and related persons in which the aggregate amount involved exceeds or may be expected to exceed $120,000 and in which a related person has or will have a direct or indirect material interest. For purposes of this policy, a related person will be defined as a director, executive officer, nominee for director, or greater than 5% beneficial owner of our common stock, in each case since the beginning of the most recently completed year, and their immediate family members. As of the date of this prospectus, we have not adopted any formal standards,
policies, or procedures governing the review and approval of related party transactions, but we expect that our audit committee will do so in the future.
All of the transactions described above were entered into prior to the adoption of this policy. Accordingly, each was approved by disinterested members of our board of directors after making a determination that the transaction was executed on terms no less favorable than those that could have been obtained from an unrelated third party.
PRINCIPAL AND SELLING STOCKHOLDERS
The following table sets forth certain information with respect to the beneficial ownership of our common stock as of May 1, 2021, as adjusted to reflect the sale of Class A common stock offered by us and the selling stockholder in this offering assuming no exercise of the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares, for:
•each of our named executive officers;
•each of our directors;
•all of our directors and executive officers as a group;
•each person known by us to be the beneficial owner of more than five percent of any class of our voting securities; and
•the selling stockholder.
We have determined beneficial ownership in accordance with the rules of the SEC, and thus it represents sole or shared voting or investment power with respect to our securities. Unless otherwise indicated below, to our knowledge, the persons and entities named in the table have sole voting and sole investment power with respect to all shares that they beneficially owned, subject to community property laws where applicable. We have deemed shares of our common stock subject to options to purchase Class B common stock that are currently exercisable or exercisable within 60 days of May 1, 2021 to be outstanding and to be beneficially owned by the person holding the option for the purpose of computing the percentage ownership of that person but have not treated them as outstanding for the purpose of computing the percentage ownership of any other person.
We have based percentage ownership of our common stock before this offering on 159,908,656 shares of our common stock outstanding as of May 1, 2021, which includes 76,286,618 shares of Class B common stock resulting from the automatic conversion of all outstanding shares of our redeemable convertible preferred stock immediately prior to the completion of this offering, as if this conversion had occurred as of May 1, 2021. Percentage ownership of our common stock after this offering assumes our sale of 19,010,750 shares of Class A common stock in this offering, the sale of 4,289,250 shares by the selling stockholder, and no exercise of the underwriters’ option to purchase from us 3,495,000 additional shares of our Class A common stock.
The below table does not reflect any shares of Class A common stock that may be purchased in this offering.
Unless otherwise indicated, the address of each beneficial owner listed in the table below is c/o Doximity, Inc., 500 3rd St., Suite 510, San Francisco, CA 94107.
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Shares Beneficially Owned
Prior to the Offering
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Number of Shares of Class A Being Offered
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Shares Beneficially Owned
After the Offering
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Percentage
Total Voting
Power After
the Offering(2)
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Class B
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Class A
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Class B(1)
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Number
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Percentage (%)
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Number
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Percentage (%)
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Number
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Percentage (%)
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5% Stockholders:
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Entities affiliated with Tangney Schweikert Family Trust(3)
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44,463,330
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27.8
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%
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—
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—
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—
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%
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44,463,330
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28.6 %
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28.2 %
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Entities affiliated with Emergence Capital Partners II, L.P.(4)
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24,102,728
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15.1
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%
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—
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—
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—
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%
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24,102,728
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15.5 %
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15.3 %
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Entities affiliated with InterWest Partners X, L.P.(5)
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21,446,248
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13.4
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%
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4,289,250
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—
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—
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%
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17,156,998
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11.0 %
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10.9 %
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Entities affiliated with Morgenthaler Venture Partners IX, L.P.(6)
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17,070,350
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10.7
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%
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—
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—
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—
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%
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17,070,350
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11.0 %
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10.8 %
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Named Executive Officers and Directors:
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Jeffrey Tangney(7)
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51,244,032
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32.0
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%
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—
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—
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—
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%
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51,244,032
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32.9 %
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32.4 %
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Anna Bryson(8)
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138,886
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*
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—
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—
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—
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%
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138,886
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*
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*
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Joseph Kleine(9)
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1,221,382
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*
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—
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—
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—
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%
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1,221,382
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*
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*
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Kevin Spain(10)
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24,102,728
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15.1
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%
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—
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—
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—
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%
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24,102,728
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15.5 %
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15.3 %
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Gilbert Kliman(11)
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21,446,248
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13.4
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%
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—
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—
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—
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%
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17,156,998
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11.0 %
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10.9 %
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Regina Benjamin(12)
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135,000
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*
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—
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—
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—
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%
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135,000
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*
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*
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Kira Wampler(13)
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223,332
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*
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—
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—
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—
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%
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223,332
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*
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*
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Tim Cabral(14)
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134,000
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*
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—
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—
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—
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%
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134,000
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*
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*
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Yang Chao(15)
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151,832
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*
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—
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—
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—
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%
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151,832
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*
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*
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All directors and executive officers as a group (9 persons)(16)
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98,797,440
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61.8
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%
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—
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—
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—
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%
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94,508,190
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59.9 %
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59.8 %
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_______________
*Represents less than one percent (1%).
(1)The Class B common stock is convertible at any time by the holder into shares of Class A common stock on a share-for-share basis.
(2)Percentage of total voting power represents voting power with respect to all shares of our Class A common stock and Class B common stock, as a single class. The holders of our Class B common stock are entitled to ten votes per share, and holders of our Class A common stock are entitled to one vote per share. See the section titled “Description of Capital Stock—Voting Rights” for more information about the voting rights of our Class A common stock and Class B common stock.
(3)Consists of (i) 20,000,000 shares of Class B common stock held by Tangney Annuity Trust, LLC and (ii) 24,463,330 shares of Class B common stock held by Tangney Schweikert Family Trust. Mr. Tangney has shared voting and dispositive power over shares held by Tangney Annuity Trust, LLC. Mr. Tangney and his wife, Claudia Schweikert, share voting and dispositive power over the shares held by Tangney Schweikert Family Trust.
(4)Consists of 24,102,728 shares of Class B common stock held by Emergence Capital Partners II, L.P., or ECP II. Emergence Equity Partners II, L.P., or EEP II, is the sole general partner of ECP II and Emergence GP Partners, LLC, or EGP, is the sole general partner of EEP II. Kevin Spain is a part of EEP II and shares voting and dispositive power over the shares held by ECP II. Mr. Spain is also a member of our board of directors, and disclaims beneficial ownership of such shares except to the extent of his pecuniary interest therein. The address for ECPP II is 160 Bovet Road, Suite 300, San Mateo, California 94402.
(5)Consists of 21,446,248 shares of Class B common stock held by InterWest Partners X, L.P., or IWP X. InterWest Management Partners X, LLC, or IMP X, is the general partner of IWP X. Gilbert H. Kliman is the Managing Director of IMP X. Keval Desai and Khaled A. Nasr are Venture Members of IMP X. As such, each of IMP X, Gilbert H. Kliman, Keval Desai and Khaled A. Nasr may be deemed to beneficially own and share voting, investment, and dispositive power with respect to the shares held by IWP X. Each of IMP X, Gilbert H. Kliman, Keval Desai, and Khaled A. Nasr disclaims beneficial ownership of such shares, except to the extent of its or his pecuniary interest therein, if any. The address for the IW10 is 467 First Street, Suite 201, Los Altos, California 94022.
(6)Consists of 17,070,350 shares of Class B common stock held by Morgenthaler Venture Partners IX, L.P, or MVP IX. Morgenthaler Management Partners IX, LLC, or MMP IX, is the sole general partner of MVP IX. MMP IX may be deemed to indirectly beneficially own the securities held by MVP IX. MMP IX disclaims beneficial ownership of the securities held by MVP IX except to the extent of its pecuniary interest therein. The address for MVP IX is 3200 Alpine Road, Portola Valley, CA 94028.
(7)Consists of (i) 20,000,000 shares of Class B common stock held by Tangney Annuity Trust, LLC, (ii) 24,463,330 shares of Class B common stock held by Tangney Schweikert Family Trust, (iii) 6,421,666 shares of Class B common stock held by Mr. Tangney and (iv) 359,036 shares of Class B common stock subject to outstanding options that are exercisable within 60 days of May 1, 2021. Mr. Tangney has shared voting and dispositive power over shares held by Tangney Annuity Trust, LLC. Mr. Tangney and his wife, Claudia Schweikert, share voting and dispositive power over the shares held by Tangney Schweikert Family Trust.
(8)Consists of (i) 79,188 shares of Class B common stock and (ii) 59,698 shares of Class B common stock subject to outstanding options that are exercisable within 60 days of May 1, 2021.
(9)Consists of 1,221,382 shares of Class B common stock subject to outstanding options that are exercisable within 60 days of May 1, 2021.
(10)Consists of 24,102,728 shares of Class B common stock held by ECP II, as reflected in footnote (5) above. Mr. Spain, a member of our board of directors, is a partner of EEP II and shares voting and dispositive power with regard to the shares directly held by ECP II. Mr. Spain disclaims beneficial ownership of such shares except to the extent of his pecuniary interest therein.
(11)Consists of 21,446,248 shares of Class B common stock held by IWP X, as reflected in footnote (5) above. Dr. Kliman, a member of our board of directors, is a managing director of IMP X and shares voting power and investment power with respect to the securities held by IWP X. Dr. Kliman disclaims beneficial ownership of such shares, except to the extent of his pecuniary interest therein.
(12)Consists of 135,000 shares of Class B common stock subject to outstanding options that are exercisable within 60 days of May 1, 2021.
(13)Consists of 223,332 shares of Class B common stock subject to outstanding options that are exercisable within 60 days of May 1, 2021.
(14)Consists of 134,000 shares of Class B common stock subject to outstanding options that are exercisable within 60 days of May 1, 2021.
(15)Ms. Chao’s service with the Company ended in December 2020.
(16)Consists of (i) 96,664,992 shares of Class B common stock beneficially owned by our directors and executive officers and (ii) 2,132,448 shares of Class B common stock subject to outstanding options that are exercisable within 60 days of May 1, 2021.
DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STOCK
General
The following description summarizes the most important terms of our capital stock, as they are expected to be in effect upon the completion of this offering. We expect to adopt an amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws in connection with this offering, and this description summarizes the provisions that are expected to be included in such documents. Because it is only a summary, it does not contain all the information that may be important to you. For a complete description of the matters set forth in this section titled “Description of Capital Stock,” you should refer to our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws and our amended and restated investor rights’ agreement, which are or will be included as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part, and to the applicable provisions of Delaware law. Immediately following the completion of this offering, our authorized capital stock will consist of 1,000,000,000 shares of Class A common stock, $0.001 par value per share, 500,000,000 shares of Class B common stock, $0.001 par value per share, and 100,000,000 shares of undesignated preferred stock, $0.001 par value per share.
Assuming the conversion of all outstanding shares of our redeemable convertible preferred stock into shares of our Class B common stock, which will occur immediately prior to the completion of this offering, as of March 31, 2021, there were 0 shares of our Class A common stock and 159,196,770 shares of our Class B common stock outstanding, held by 576 stockholders of record, and 0 shares of our redeemable convertible preferred stock outstanding. Our board of directors is authorized, without stockholder approval except as required by the listing standards of the New York Stock Exchange, to issue additional shares of our capital stock.
Class A Common Stock and Class B Common Stock
We have two classes of authorized common stock, Class A common stock and Class B common stock. All outstanding shares of our existing redeemable convertible preferred stock will be converted into shares of our Class B common stock. In addition, any options to purchase shares of our capital stock outstanding prior to the completion of this offering will become eligible to be settled in or exercisable for shares of our Class B common stock.
Dividend Rights
Subject to preferences that may apply to any shares of preferred stock outstanding at the time, the holders of our common stock are entitled to receive dividends out of funds legally available if our board of directors, in its discretion, determines to issue dividends and then only at the times and in the amounts that our board of directors may determine.
Voting Rights
Holders of our Class A common stock are entitled to one vote for each share and holders of our Class B common stock are entitled to ten votes per share, on all matters submitted to a vote of stockholders. The holders of our Class A common stock and Class B common stock will generally vote together as a single class on all matters submitted to a vote of our stockholders, unless otherwise required by Delaware law or our amended and restated certificate of incorporation. Delaware law could require either holders of our Class A common stock or Class B common stock to vote separately as a single class in the following circumstances:
•if we were to seek to amend our amended and restated certificate of incorporation to increase or decrease the par value of a class of our capital stock, then that class would be required to vote separately to approve the proposed amendment; and
•if we were to seek to amend our amended and restated certificate of incorporation in a manner that alters or changes the powers, preferences or special rights of a class of our capital stock in a manner that affected its holders adversely, then that class would be required to vote separately to approve the proposed amendment.
We do not expect to provide for cumulative voting for the election of directors in our amended and restated certificate of incorporation. Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws
will establish a classified board of directors that is divided into three classes with staggered three-year terms. Only the directors in one class will be subject to election by a plurality of the votes cast at each annual meeting of our stockholders, with the directors in the other classes continuing for the remainder of their respective three-year terms.
Conversion
Each outstanding share of Class B common stock will be convertible at any time at the option of the holder into one share of Class A common stock. In addition, each share of Class B common stock will convert automatically into one share of Class A common stock upon (i) any transfer, whether or not for value, except for certain permitted transfers described in our amended and restated certificate of incorporation, including transfers to family members, trusts solely for the benefit of the stockholder or their family members, and partnerships, corporations and other entities exclusively owned by the stockholder or their family members or (ii), in the case of a stockholder who is a natural person, the death or incapacity of such stockholder. Once converted into Class A common stock, the Class B common stock will not be reissued. All outstanding shares of Class A common stock and Class B common stock will convert automatically into shares of a single class of common stock on the earlier of the date that is ten years from the date of this prospectus or the date the holders of at least 66 2/3% of our Class B common stock elect to convert the Class B common stock to Class A common stock. The purpose of this provision is to ensure that following such conversion, each share of common stock will have one vote per share and the rights of the holders of all outstanding common stock will be identical. Once converted into a single class of common stock, the Class A common stock and Class B common stock may not be reissued. See the section titled “Risk Factors—Risks Related to This Offering and Ownership of Our Class A Common Stock—The dual class structure of our common stock will have the effect of concentrating voting control with our executive officers (including our Chief Executive Officer) and directors and their affiliates; this will limit or preclude your ability to influence corporate matters.” for a description of the risks related to the dual class structure of our common stock.
No Preemptive or Similar Rights
Our Class A common stock and Class B common stock are not entitled to preemptive rights and are not subject to conversion, redemption, or sinking fund provisions.
Right to Receive Liquidation Distributions
If we become subject to a liquidation, dissolution, or winding-up, the assets legally available for distribution to our stockholders would be distributable ratably among the holders of our Class A common stock and Class B common stock and any participating preferred stock outstanding at that time, subject to prior satisfaction of all outstanding debt and liabilities and the preferential rights of and the payment of liquidation preferences, if any, on any outstanding shares of preferred stock.
Fully Paid and Non-Assessable
All of the outstanding shares of our Class B common stock are, and the shares of our Class A common stock to be issued pursuant to this offering will be, fully paid and non-assessable.
Preferred Stock
Following this offering, our board of directors will be authorized, subject to limitations prescribed by Delaware law, to issue preferred stock in one or more series, to establish from time to time the number of shares to be included in each series and to fix the designation, powers, preferences, and rights of the shares of each series and any of its qualifications, limitations or restrictions, in each case without further vote or action by our stockholders. Our board of directors can also increase or decrease the number of shares of any series of preferred stock, but not below the number of shares of that series then outstanding, without any further vote or action by our stockholders. Our board of directors may authorize the issuance of preferred stock with voting or conversion rights that could adversely affect the voting power or other rights of the holders of our common stock. The issuance of preferred stock, while providing flexibility in connection with possible acquisitions and other corporate purposes, could, among other things, have the effect of delaying, deferring, or preventing a change in control of our company and might adversely
affect the market price of our Class A common stock and the voting and other rights of the holders of our Class A common stock and Class B common stock. We have no current plan to issue any shares of preferred stock.
Options
As of March 31, 2021, we had outstanding options to purchase an aggregate of 36,575,118 shares of our Class B common stock, with a weighted-average exercise price of $2.80 per share.
Warrants
As of March 31, 2021, we had one outstanding warrant to purchase 250,000 shares of Class B common stock, with an exercise price of $0.72 per share.
Registration Rights
After the completion of this offering, certain holders of our Class B common stock will be entitled to rights with respect to the registration of their shares under the Securities Act. These registration rights are contained in the investors’ rights agreement. We, along with certain holders of our redeemable convertible preferred stock, are parties to the investors’ rights agreement. The registration rights set forth in the investors’ rights agreement will expire five years following the completion of this offering or, with respect to any particular stockholder, when such stockholder is able to sell all of its shares pursuant to Rule 144 of the Securities Act. We will pay the registration expenses (other than underwriting discounts, selling commissions, and stock transfer taxes) of the holders of the shares registered pursuant to the registrations described below, including the reasonable fees of one counsel for the selling holders (not to exceed $50,000). In an underwritten offering, the underwriters have the right, subject to specified conditions, to limit the number of shares such holders may include. In connection with this offering, each stockholder that has registration rights will agree not to sell or otherwise dispose of any securities without the prior written consent of Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC, Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC and J.P. Morgan Securities LLC for a period of 180 days after the date of this prospectus, subject to certain terms and conditions. See the section titled “Underwriting” for more information regarding such restrictions.
Demand Registration Rights on Form S-1
Assuming the selling stockholder sells 4,289,250 shares, after the completion of this offering, the holders of approximately 78,420,534 shares of our Class B common stock will be entitled to certain demand registration rights. At any time beginning 180 days after the effectiveness of the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part, the holders of these shares then outstanding may request that we register the offer and sale of their shares on a registration statement on Form S-1, so long as the request covers at least that number of shares (a) with an anticipated aggregate offering price of at least $25 million and (b) that constitute at least twenty percent of the shares entitled to demand registration rights then outstanding. We are obligated to effect only two such registrations. If in good faith our board of directors determine that it would be materially detrimental to our stockholders to effect such a demand registration, we have the right to defer such registration, not more than once in any 12-month period, for a period of not more than 90 days. Additionally, we will not be required to effect a demand registration if, within 30 days of the request for registration, we provide notice to such holders requesting registration that we intend to file a Company-initiated registration within 90 days thereof.
Demand Registration Rights on Form S-3
Assuming the selling stockholder sells 4,289,250 shares, after the completion of this offering, the holders of up to approximately 78,420,534 shares of our Class B common stock will be entitled to certain Form S-3 registration rights. The holders of these shares then outstanding may request that we register the offer and sale of their shares on a registration statement on Form S-3 if we are eligible to file a registration statement on Form S-3 so long as the request covers at least that number of shares with an anticipated aggregate offering price of at least $500,000. These stockholders may make an unlimited number of requests for registration on Form S-3; however, we will not be required to effect a registration on Form S-3 if we have effected two such registrations within the 12-month period preceding the date of the request. Additionally, if in good faith our board of directors determine that it would be materially detrimental to our stockholders to effect such a registration, we have the right to defer such registration,
not more than once in any 12-month period, for a period of not more than 90 days. Additionally, we will not be required to effect a demand registration if, within 30 days of the request for registration, we provide notice to such holders requesting registration that we intend to file a Company-initiated registration within 90 days thereof.
Piggyback Registration Rights
After the completion of this offering, if we propose to register the offer and sale of our common stock under the Securities Act, in connection with the public offering of such common stock the holders of up approximately 78,420,534 shares of our Class B common stock, assuming the selling stockholder sells 4,289,250 shares, will be entitled to certain “piggyback” registration rights allowing the holders to include their shares in such registration, subject to certain marketing and other limitations. As a result, whenever we propose to file a registration statement under the Securities Act, other than with respect to a registration relating solely to employee benefit plans, a registration relating to the offer and sale of debt securities, a registration relating to a corporate reorganization or other transaction under Rule 145 of the Securities Act, or a registration on any registration form that does not permit secondary sales, the holders of these shares are entitled to notice of the registration and have the right, subject to certain limitations, to include their shares in the registration.
Anti-Takeover Provisions
The provisions of Delaware law, our amended and restated certificate of incorporation, and our amended and restated bylaws, which are summarized below, may have the effect of delaying, deferring or discouraging another person from acquiring control of our company. They are also designed, in part, to encourage persons seeking to acquire control of us to negotiate first with our board of directors. We believe that the benefits of increased protection of our potential ability to negotiate with an unfriendly or unsolicited acquirer outweigh the disadvantages of discouraging a proposal to acquire us because negotiation of these proposals could result in an improvement of their terms.
Delaware Law
We are governed by the provisions of Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law. In general, Section 203 prohibits a public Delaware corporation from engaging in a “business combination” with an “interested stockholder” for a period of three years after the date of the transaction in which the person became an interested stockholder, unless the business combination is approved in a prescribed manner. A “business combination” includes mergers, asset sales, or other transactions resulting in a financial benefit to the stockholder. An “interested stockholder” is a person who, together with affiliates and associates, owns, or within three years did own, 15% or more of the corporation’s outstanding voting stock. These provisions may have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a change in our control.
Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation and Amended and Restated Bylaw Provisions
Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and our amended and restated bylaws will include a number of provisions that could deter hostile takeovers or delay or prevent changes in control of our board of directors or management team, including the following:
•Dual Class Stock. As described above in the subsection titled “—Class A Common Stock and Class B Common Stock—Voting Rights,” our amended and restated certificate of incorporation will provide for a dual class common stock structure, which will provide our founders, current investors, executives, and employees with significant influence over all matters requiring stockholder approval, including the election of directors and significant corporate transactions, such as a merger or other sale of our company or our assets.
•Board of Directors Vacancies. Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws will authorize only our board of directors to fill vacant directorships, including newly created seats. In addition, the number of directors constituting our board of directors will be permitted to be set only by a resolution adopted by a majority vote of our entire board of directors. These provisions would prevent a stockholder from increasing the size of our board of directors and then gaining control of our
board of directors by filling the resulting vacancies with its own nominees. These provisions will make it more difficult to change the composition of our board of directors and promote continuity of management.
•Classified Board. Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws will provide that our board of directors is classified into three classes of directors. A third party may be discouraged from making a tender offer or otherwise attempting to obtain control of us as it is more difficult and time consuming for stockholders to replace a majority of the directors on a classified board of directors. See the section titled “Management—Board of Directors.”
•Stockholder Action; Special Meeting of Stockholders. Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation will provide that our stockholders may not take action by written consent, but may only take action at annual or special meetings of our stockholders. As a result, a holder controlling a majority of our capital stock would not be able to amend our amended and restated bylaws or remove directors without holding a meeting of our stockholders called in accordance with our amended and restated bylaws. Our amended and restated bylaws will further provide that special meetings of our stockholders may be called only by a majority of our board of directors, the Chairperson of our board of directors, our President, or our Chief Executive Officer, thus prohibiting a stockholder from calling a special meeting. These provisions might delay the ability of our stockholders to force consideration of a proposal or for stockholders controlling a majority of our capital stock to take any action, including the removal of directors.
•Advance Notice Requirements for Stockholder Proposals and Director Nominations. Our amended and restated bylaws will provide advance notice procedures for stockholders seeking to bring business before our annual meeting of stockholders or to nominate candidates for election as directors at our annual meeting of stockholders. Our amended and restated bylaws will also specify certain requirements regarding the form and content of a stockholder’s notice. These provisions might preclude our stockholders from bringing matters before our annual meeting of stockholders or from making nominations for directors at our annual meeting of stockholders if the proper procedures are not followed. We expect that these provisions may also discourage or deter a potential acquirer from conducting a solicitation of proxies to elect the acquirer’s own slate of directors or otherwise attempting to obtain control of our company.
•No Cumulative Voting. The Delaware General Corporation Law provides that stockholders are not entitled to cumulate votes in the election of directors unless a corporation’s certificate of incorporation provides otherwise. Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation will not provide for cumulative voting.
•Directors Removed Only for Cause. Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation will provide that stockholders may remove directors only for cause.
•Amendment of Charter Provisions. Any amendment of the above provisions in our amended and restated certificate of incorporation will require approval by holders of at least two-thirds of our then outstanding common stock.
•Issuance of Undesignated Preferred Stock. Our board of directors will have the authority, without further action by the stockholders, to issue up to 100,000,000 shares of undesignated preferred stock with rights and preferences, including voting rights, designated from time to time by our board of directors. The existence of authorized but unissued shares of preferred stock would enable our board of directors to render more difficult or to discourage an attempt to obtain control of us by means of a merger, tender offer, proxy contest, or other means.
•Exclusive Forum. Our amended and restated bylaws will provide that, unless we consent in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware shall be the sole and exclusive forum for any state law claims for (1) any derivative action or proceeding brought on our behalf, (2) any action asserting a claim of breach of a fiduciary duty owed by any of our directors, officers, and employees to us or our stockholders, (3) any action asserting a claim arising pursuant to the Delaware General Corporation Law, our amended and restated certificate of incorporation, or our amended and restated bylaws, or (4) any action asserting a claim that is governed by the internal affairs doctrine; provided, however, that the Delaware Forum Provision shall not apply to any causes of action arising under
the Securities Act or Exchange Act. In addition, our amended and restated bylaws will provide that, unless we consent in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the federal district courts of the United States shall be the sole and exclusive forum for resolving any complaint asserting a cause of action arising under the Securities Act; provided, however, that our stockholders cannot and will not be deemed to have waived our compliance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the rules and regulations thereunder. Any person or entity purchasing or otherwise acquiring any interest in our securities shall be deemed to have notice of and consented to this provision. These forum provisions may impose additional costs on stockholders, may limit our stockholders’ ability to bring a claim in a forum they find favorable, and the designated courts may reach different judgments or results than other courts. In addition, there is uncertainty as to whether the Federal Forum Provision for Securities Act claims will be enforced, which may impose additional costs on us and our stockholders.
Transfer Agent and Registrar
Upon the completion of this offering, the transfer agent and registrar for our Class A common stock and Class B common stock will be American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, LLC. The transfer agent’s address is 6201 15th Avenue, Brooklyn, New York 11219.
Listing
We have applied to list our Class A common stock on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol “DOCS.”
SHARES ELIGIBLE FOR FUTURE SALE
Prior to this offering, there has been no public market for our common stock, and we cannot predict the effect, if any, that market sales of shares of our common stock or the availability of shares of our common stock for sale will have on the market price of our common stock prevailing from time to time. Future sales of our Class A common stock in the public market, or the availability of such shares for sale in the public market, could adversely affect market prices prevailing from time to time. As described below, only a limited number of shares will be available for sale shortly after this offering due to contractual and legal restrictions on resale. Nevertheless, sales of our Class A common stock in the public market after such restrictions lapse, or the perception that those sales may occur, could adversely affect the prevailing market price at such time and our ability to raise equity capital in the future.
Following the completion of this offering, based on the number of shares of our capital stock outstanding as of March 31, 2021, we will have a total of 23,300,000 shares of our Class A common stock and 154,907,520 shares of our Class B common stock outstanding, assuming the automatic conversion of all outstanding shares of our redeemable convertible preferred stock into 76,286,618 shares of our Class B common stock immediately prior to the completion of this offering. Of these outstanding shares, all of the 23,300,000 shares of Class A common stock sold in this offering will be freely tradable, except that any shares purchased in this offering by our affiliates, as that term is defined in Rule 144 under the Securities Act, would only be able to be sold in compliance with the Rule 144 limitations described below.
The remaining outstanding shares of our Class B common stock will be deemed “restricted securities” as defined in Rule 144. Restricted securities may be sold in the public market only if they are registered or if they qualify for an exemption from registration under Rule 144 or Rule 701 under the Securities Act, which rules are summarized below.
As a result of the lock-up agreements and market standoff agreements described below and subject to the provisions of Rules 144 or 701, these restricted securities will be available for sale in the public market as follows:
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Earliest Date Available for Sale in the Public Market
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Number of Shares of Class A Common Stock
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The first trading day on which our common stock is traded on the New York Stock Exchange (the “first release window”).
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Up to 2,584,694 shares. Includes certain securities held by Employee Stockholders (as defined below). Excludes securities held by certain employees restricted from trading during the first release window and by “affiliates” for the purposes of Rule 144, as described below under “— Rule 144.
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The third trading day immediately following our public release of earnings for the first completed quarterly period following the most recent period for which financial statements are included in this prospectus (the “second release window”), provided that the closing price of our Class A common stock on the New York Stock Exchange is at least 30% greater than the initial public offering price per share set forth on the cover page of this prospectus for the periods described in the section titled “Underwriting.”
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Up to 4,907,602 additional shares. Includes certain securities held by Employee Stockholders, our Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer and Chief Commercial Officer. Excludes securities held by certain employees restricted from trading during the second release window and by “affiliates” for the purposes of Rule 144.
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The opening of trading on the third trading day immediately following our public release of earnings for the second completed quarterly period following the most recent period for which financial statements are included in this prospectus.
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All remaining shares held by our stockholders not previously eligible for sale, subject to volume limitations applicable to “affiliates” under Rule 144 as described below.
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Lock-Up and Market Standoff Agreements
We, our executive officers, directors, and substantially all of our security holders, have agreed or will agree that, subject to certain exceptions, for a period of 180 days from the date of this prospectus, subject to earlier termination as described below, we and they will not, without the prior written consent of Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC, Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC, and J.P. Morgan Securities LLC, among other things, dispose of or hedge any shares or any securities convertible into or exchangeable for shares of our capital stock. Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC, Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC, and J.P. Morgan Securities LLC, in their sole discretion, may release any of the securities subject to these lock-up agreements at any time. This agreement is further described as set forth in the section titled “Underwriting.”
Notwithstanding the foregoing,
(A)if the holder is a current full-time or part-time employee of our company or our subsidiaries (including a current full-time contractor of our company (collectively, the “Employee Stockholders”), but excluding in all cases any of our directors, our consultants, our Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer and Chief Commercial Officer) as of May 31, 2021, subject to compliance with applicable securities laws, including, without limitation, Rule 144 promulgated under the Securities Act and our insider trading policy, the holder may sell in the public market for a 3-trading day period beginning at the commencement of trading on the first trading day on which the common stock is traded on the exchange on which the common stock is listed or ending on such earlier date as we in our sole discretion shall determine, a number of shares of common stock not in excess of 10% of the common stock and other securities owned by the holder on May 31, 2021 (including vested exercisable stock options as of May 31, 2021 (collectively, “Included Securities”), but excluding (1) any shares of common stock or other securities subject to escrow, holdback or similar provisions under agreements related to mergers or acquisitions by us, (2) any unvested shares of common stock or other securities issued by us in connection with mergers or acquisitions by us, (3) any unvested warrants, convertible securities, stock options, restricted stock units or other equity awards issued by us; (4) any shares of common stock or other securities acquired pursuant to a private secondary transaction and (5) any shares of our preferred stock or shares of common stock issued upon conversion of shares of our preferred stock (collectively, “Excluded Securities”)) before giving effect to any sales of common stock by the holder to the underwriters pursuant to the underwriting agreement;
(B)if (i) the holder is an Employee Stockholder as of July 31, 2021 or our Chief Executive Officer (subject to the limitations described below), Chief Financial Officer or Chief Commercial Officer and (ii) the last reported closing price of the common stock on the exchange on which the common stock is listed is at least 30% greater than the initial public offering price per share set forth on the cover page of this prospectus for any 10 trading days out of the 15-consecutive full trading day period ending on the closing of the trading day immediately prior to the First Post-Offering Earnings Release (as defined below), subject to compliance with applicable securities laws, including, without limitation, Rule 144 promulgated under the Securities Act, and our insider trading policy, the holder may sell in the public market for a 3-trading day period beginning at the commencement of trading on the third trading day after we publicly announce our earnings (which for this purpose shall not include “flash” numbers or preliminary, partial earnings) for the first completed quarterly period (the “First Post-Offering Earnings Release”) following the most recent period for which financial statements are included in this prospectus, a number of shares of common stock not in excess of 15% of the common stock and other securities owned by the holder on July 31, 2021 (including vested exercisable stock options as of July 31, 2021, but excluding any Excluded Securities, except that any common stock and other securities that have become vested and that are not subject to escrow, holdback or similar provisions, or have become released from escrow, holdback or similar provisions and are not subject to vesting, between May 31, 2021 and July 31, 2021 will no longer be Excluded Securities; provided that our Chief Executive Officer is only permitted to sell, pursuant to this clause (B), up to the lesser of (x) 800,000 shares of the common stock and other securities owned by our Chief Executive Officer on July 31, 2021 and (y) 1% of the aggregate number of shares of common stock outstanding as of the first trading day in such 3-trading day period); and
(C)in addition, the restricted period shall terminate commencing on the opening of trading on the third trading day immediately following our release of earnings (which for this purpose shall not include “flash” numbers or preliminary, partial earnings) for the second completed quarterly period following the most recent period for which financial statements are included in this prospectus.
In addition to the restrictions contained in the lock-up agreements described above, we have entered into agreements with substantially all of our security holders, including our investors’ rights agreement and our standard form of option agreement, that contain market standoff provisions imposing restrictions on the ability of such security holders to offer, sell, or transfer our equity securities for a period of 180 days following the date of this prospectus, except as otherwise provided in the lock-up agreements.
Rule 144
In general, under Rule 144 as currently in effect, once we have been subject to the public company reporting requirements of Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act for at least 90 days, a person who is not deemed to have been one of our affiliates for purposes of the Securities Act at any time during the 90 days preceding a sale and who has beneficially owned the shares proposed to be sold for at least six months, including the holding period of any prior owner other than our affiliates, is entitled to sell those shares without complying with the manner of sale, volume limitation, or notice provisions of Rule 144, subject to compliance with the public information requirements of Rule 144 and subject to the expiration of the lock-up agreements described above. If such a person has beneficially owned the shares proposed to be sold for at least one year, including the holding period of any prior owner other than our affiliates, then that person would be entitled to sell those shares without complying with any of the requirements of Rule 144.
In general, under Rule 144, as currently in effect, our affiliates or persons selling shares on behalf of our affiliates are entitled to sell upon expiration of the lock-up agreements described above, within any three-month period, a number of shares that does not exceed the greater of:
•1% of the number of shares of our Class A common stock then outstanding; or
•the average weekly trading volume of our Class A common stock during the four calendar weeks preceding the filing of a notice on Form 144 with respect to that sale.
Sales under Rule 144 by our affiliates or persons selling shares on behalf of our affiliates are also subject to certain manner of sale provisions and notice requirements and to the availability of current public information about us.
Rule 701
Rule 701 generally allows a stockholder who purchased shares of our common stock pursuant to a written compensatory plan or contract and who is not deemed to have been an affiliate of our company during the immediately preceding 90 days to sell these shares in reliance upon Rule 144, but without being required to comply with the public information, holding period, volume limitation, or notice provisions of Rule 144. Rule 701 also permits affiliates of our company to sell their Rule 701 shares under Rule 144 without complying with the holding period requirements of Rule 144. All holders of Rule 701 shares, however, are required by that rule to wait until 90 days after the date of this prospectus before selling those shares pursuant to Rule 701, subject to the expiration of the lock-up agreements and market standoff agreements described above.
Registration Rights
Pursuant to the investors’ rights agreement, assuming the selling stockholder sells 4,289,250 shares of our Class A common stock, the holders of up to 78,420,534 shares of our Class B common stock (including shares issuable upon the conversion of our outstanding redeemable convertible preferred stock immediately prior to the completion of this offering), will be entitled to certain rights with respect to the registration of the offer and sale of those shares under the Securities Act. See the section titled “Description of Capital Stock—Registration Rights” for a description
of these registration rights. If the offer and sale of these shares is registered, the shares will be freely tradable without restriction under the Securities Act and a large number of shares may be sold into the public market.
Registration Statement on Form S-8
We intend to file a registration statement on Form S-8 under the Securities Act to register all of the shares of our Class A common stock and Class B common stock issued or reserved for issuance under our 2010 Plan, our 2021 Plan, and our ESPP. We expect to file this registration statement as promptly as possible after the completion of this offering. Shares covered by this registration statement will be eligible for sale in the public market, subject to the Rule 144 limitations applicable to affiliates, vesting restrictions, and any applicable lock-up agreements and market standoff agreements. As of March 31, 2021, options to purchase a total of 36,575,118 shares of our Class B common stock pursuant to our 2010 Plan were outstanding, of which options to purchase 12,427,690 shares were exercisable, and no options were outstanding or exercisable under our 2021 Plan.
MATERIAL U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSEQUENCES TO NON-U.S. HOLDERS
The following is a discussion of the material U.S. federal income tax consequences relating to ownership and disposition of our common stock by a non-U.S. holder. For purposes of this discussion, the term “non-U.S. holder” means a beneficial owner of our common stock (other than an entity or arrangement treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes) that is not, for U.S. federal income tax purposes:
•an individual who is a citizen or resident of the United States;
•a corporation, or other entity treated as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes, created or organized in or under the laws of the United States or of any political subdivision of the United States;
•an estate, the income of which is subject to U.S. federal income taxation regardless of its source; or
•a trust, if a U.S. court is able to exercise primary supervision over the administration of the trust and one or more “United States persons” (as defined in the Code) have authority to control all substantial decisions of the trust or if the trust has a valid election in effect to be treated as a United States person under applicable U.S. Treasury Regulations.
This discussion is based on current provisions of the Code, existing, temporary, and proposed U.S. Treasury Regulations promulgated thereunder, current administrative rulings and judicial decisions, all as in effect as of the date of this prospectus and all of which are subject to change or to differing interpretation, possibly with retroactive effect. Any such change could alter the tax consequences to non-U.S. holders described in this prospectus. In addition, the IRS could challenge one or more of the tax consequences described in this prospectus.
We assume in this discussion that each non-U.S. holder holds shares of our common stock as a capital asset (generally, property held for investment) within the meaning of Section 1221 of the Code. This discussion does not address all aspects of U.S. federal income taxation that may be relevant to a particular non-U.S. holder in light of that non-U.S. holder's individual circumstances nor does it address any aspects of state, local, or non-U.S. taxes, alternative minimum tax, the Medicare contribution tax on net investment income, the special tax accounting rules under Section 451(b) of the Code, the rules regarding qualified small business stock within the meaning of Section 1202 of the Code, or any U.S. federal taxes other than income, such as estate or gift taxes. This discussion also does not consider any specific facts or circumstances that may apply to a non-U.S. holder and does not address the special tax rules applicable to particular non-U.S. holders, such as:
•banks;
•insurance companies;
•tax-exempt organizations;
•financial institutions;
•brokers or dealers in securities;
•pension plans;
•tax-qualified retirement plans;
•tax-exempt organizations;
•governmental organizations;
•controlled foreign corporations;
•passive foreign investment companies;
•owners that hold our common stock as part of a straddle, hedge, conversion transaction, synthetic security or other integrated investment;
•certain U.S. expatriates and former citizens or long-term residents of the United States;
•persons who have elected to mark securities to market;
•corporations that accumulate earnings to avoid U.S. federal income tax;
•persons that own, or are deemed to own, during the applicable testing period, more than 5% of our outstanding capital stock (except to the extent specifically set forth below);
•“qualified foreign pension funds” as defined in Section 897(l)(2) of the Code and entities all of the interests of which are held by qualified foreign pension funds;
•persons that elect to apply Section 1400Z-2 of the Code to gains recognized with respect to shares of our common stock; or
•persons that acquire our common stock pursuant to the exercise of employee stock options, or otherwise as compensation for services.
In addition, this discussion does not address the tax treatment of partnerships (including any entity or arrangement treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes) or other entities that are transparent for U.S. federal income tax purposes or persons who hold their common stock through partnerships or other entities that are transparent for U.S. federal income tax purposes. In the case of a holder that is classified as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes, the tax treatment of a person treated as a partner in such partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes generally will depend on the status of the partner, the activities of the partner and the partnership, and certain determinations made at the partner level. A person treated as a partner in a partnership or who holds their stock through another transparent entity should consult his, her or its own tax advisor regarding the tax consequences of the ownership and disposition of our common stock through a partnership or other transparent entity, as applicable.
Prospective investors should consult their own tax advisors regarding the U.S. federal, state, local, and non-U.S. income and other tax considerations of acquiring, holding, and disposing of our common stock.
Distributions on our Common Stock
We do not currently expect to pay any dividends. See the section titled “Dividend Policy”. However, in the event that we do pay distributions of cash or property on our common stock, those distributions will constitute dividends for U.S. federal income tax purposes to the extent paid from our current or accumulated earnings and profits, as determined under U.S. federal income tax principles. If a distribution exceeds our current and accumulated earnings and profits, the excess will be treated as a tax-free return of the non-U.S. holder's investment, up to such holder's tax basis in our common stock. Any remaining excess will be treated as capital gain, subject to the tax treatment described below under the heading “Gain on Sale, Exchange, or Other Taxable Disposition of Common Stock.”
Subject to the discussion of effectively connected income below and the discussions below under the headings “Information Reporting and Backup Withholding” and “Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act”, dividends paid to a non-U.S. holder generally will be subject to withholding of U.S. federal income tax at a 30% rate or such lower rate as may be specified by an applicable income tax treaty between the United States and such holder's country of residence.
A non-U.S. holder of our common stock who claims the benefit of an applicable income tax treaty between the United States and such holder's country of residence with respect to U.S. withholding taxes generally will be required to provide a properly executed IRS Form W-8BEN or W-8BEN-E (or applicable successor form) and satisfy applicable certification and other requirements. A non-U.S. holder that is eligible for a reduced rate of U.S. withholding tax under an income tax treaty but does not timely furnish the required documentation may obtain a
refund or credit of any excess amounts withheld by timely filing an appropriate claim with the IRS. Non-U.S. holders are urged to consult their own tax advisors regarding their entitlement to benefits under a relevant income tax treaty.
Dividends that are treated as effectively connected with a trade or business conducted by a non-U.S. holder within the United States, and, if an applicable income tax treaty so provides, that are attributable to a permanent establishment or a fixed base maintained by the non-U.S. holder within the United States, are generally exempt from the 30% withholding tax if the non-U.S. holder satisfies applicable certification and disclosure requirements. To obtain this exemption, a non-U.S. holder must generally provide a properly executed IRS Form W-8ECI properly certifying such exemption. However, such U.S. effectively connected income is taxed at the same U.S. federal income tax rates applicable to U.S. persons (as defined in the Code). Any U.S. effectively connected income received by a non-U.S. holder that is a corporation may also, under certain circumstances, be subject to an additional “branch profits tax” at a 30% rate or such lower rate as may be specified by an applicable income tax treaty between the United States and such holder's country of residence.
Any documentation provided to an applicable withholding agent may need to be updated in certain circumstances. The certification requirements described above also may require a non-U.S. holder to provide its U.S. taxpayer identification number.
Gain on Sale, Exchange, or Other Taxable Disposition of Common Stock
Subject to the discussions below under the headings “Information Reporting and Backup Withholding” and “Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act,” a non-U.S. holder generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax or withholding tax on gain recognized on a sale, exchange, or other taxable disposition of our common stock unless:
•the gain is effectively connected with the non-U.S. holder's conduct of a trade or business in the United States, and, if an applicable income tax treaty so provides, the gain is attributable to a permanent establishment or fixed base maintained by the non-U.S. holder in the United States; in these cases, the non-U.S. holder will be taxed on a net income basis at the regular rates and in the manner applicable to United States persons, and, if the non-U.S. holder is a foreign corporation, an additional branch profits tax at a rate of 30%, or a lower rate as may be specified by an applicable income tax treaty, may also apply;
•the non-U.S. holder is an individual present in the United States for 183 days or more in the taxable year of the disposition and certain other conditions are met, in which case the non-U.S. holder will be subject to U.S. federal income tax at a rate of 30% (or such lower rate as may be specified by an applicable income tax treaty) on the amount by which the non-U.S. holder's capital gains allocable to U.S. sources exceed capital losses allocable to U.S. sources during the taxable year of the disposition (without taking into account any capital loss carryovers) provided the non-U.S. holder has timely filed U.S. federal income tax returns with respect to such losses; or
•we are or were a “U.S. real property holding corporation” at any time during the five-year period preceding such disposition (or the non-U.S. holder’s holding period, if shorter), unless our common stock is regularly traded on an established securities market and the non-U.S. holder held no more than five percent of our outstanding common stock, directly or indirectly, actually or constructively, during the shorter of the five-year period ending on the date of the disposition or the period that the non-U.S. holder held our common stock. In such case, such non-U.S. holder generally will be taxed on its net gain derived from the disposition at the U.S. federal income tax rates applicable to United States persons (as defined in the Code). Generally, a corporation is a “U.S. real property holding corporation” if the fair market value of its “U.S. real property interests” equals or exceeds 50% of the sum of the fair market value of its worldwide real property interests plus its other assets used or held for use in a trade or business. Although there can be no assurance in this regard, we believe that we have not been and are not currently, and we do not anticipate becoming, a “U.S. real property holding corporation” for U.S. federal income tax purposes.
Information Reporting and Backup Withholding
We (or the applicable paying agent) must generally report annually to the IRS and to each non-U.S. holder the gross amount of the distributions on our common stock paid to such holder and the tax withheld, if any, with respect to such distributions. Non-U.S. holders may have to comply with specific certification procedures to establish that the holder is not a United States person (as defined in the Code) in order to avoid backup withholding at the applicable rate with respect to dividends on our common stock. Generally, a holder will comply with such procedures if it provides a properly executed IRS Form W-8BEN or W-8BEN-E or otherwise establishes an exemption.
Information reporting and backup withholding generally will apply to the proceeds of a disposition of our common stock by a non-U.S. holder effected by or through the U.S. office of any broker, U.S. or foreign, unless the holder certifies its status as a non-U.S. holder and satisfies certain other requirements, or otherwise establishes an exemption. Generally, information reporting and backup withholding will not apply to a payment of disposition proceeds to a non-U.S. holder where the transaction is effected outside the United States through a foreign broker. However, for information reporting purposes, dispositions effected through a non-U.S. office of a broker with substantial U.S. ownership or operations generally will be treated in a manner similar to dispositions effected through a U.S. office of a broker. Non-U.S. holders should consult their own tax advisors regarding the application of the information reporting and backup withholding rules to them.
Copies of information returns may be made available to the tax authorities of the country in which the non-U.S. holder resides or is incorporated under the provisions of a specific treaty or agreement. Any documentation provided to an applicable withholding agent may need to be updated in certain circumstances.
Backup withholding is not an additional tax. Any amounts withheld under the backup withholding rules from a payment to a non-U.S. holder may be refunded or credited against the non-U.S. holder's U.S. federal income tax liability, if any, provided that an appropriate claim is timely filed with the IRS.
Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act
Sections 1471 and 1474 of the Code, commonly referred to as the Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act and associated guidance, or collectively, FATCA, generally impose a 30% withholding tax on any “withholdable payment” (as defined below) to a “foreign financial institution” (as defined in the Code), unless such institution enters into an agreement with the U.S. government to collect and provide to the U.S. tax authorities substantial information regarding U.S. account holders of such institution (which would include certain equity and debt holders of such institution, as well as certain account holders that are foreign entities with U.S. owners) or another applicable exception applies or such institution is compliant with applicable foreign law enacted in connection with an applicable intergovernmental agreement between the United States and such foreign jurisdiction. FATCA will also generally impose a 30% withholding tax on any “withholdable payment” (as defined below) to a foreign entity that is not a financial institution, unless such entity provides the withholding agent with a certification identifying the substantial U.S. owners of the entity (which generally includes any United States person who directly or indirectly owns more than 10% of the entity), if any, or another applicable exception applies or such entity is compliant with applicable foreign law enacted in connection with an applicable intergovernmental agreement between the United States and such foreign jurisdiction. Under applicable U.S. Treasury regulations, “withholdable payments” currently include payments of dividends on our common stock. While withholding under FATCA would have also applied to payments of gross proceeds from the sale or other disposition of or stock, proposed U.S. Treasury Regulations provide that FATCA withholding does not apply to gross proceeds from the disposition of property of a type that can produce U.S. source dividends or interest. Taxpayers (including withholding agents) can rely on the proposed Treasury Regulations until final Treasury Regulations are issued. Under certain circumstances, a non-U.S. holder might be eligible for refunds or credits of such taxes. An intergovernmental agreement between the United States and an applicable foreign country may modify the requirements described in this paragraph. Non-U.S. holders should consult their tax advisors regarding the possible implications of this legislation on their investment in our common stock and the entities through which they hold our common stock, including, without limitation, the process and deadlines for meeting the applicable requirements to prevent the imposition of the 30% withholding tax under FATCA.
The preceding discussion of material U.S. federal tax consequences is for general information only. It is not tax advice. Prospective investors should consult their own tax advisors regarding the particular U.S. federal, state, local, and non-U.S. tax consequences of purchasing, holding, and disposing of our common stock, including the consequences of any proposed changes in applicable laws.
UNDERWRITING
Under the terms and subject to the conditions in an underwriting agreement dated the date of this prospectus, the underwriters named below, for whom Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC, Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC, and J.P. Morgan Securities LLC are acting as representatives, have severally agreed to purchase, and we and the selling stockholder have agreed to sell to them, severally, the number of shares indicated below:
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Name
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Number of Shares
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Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC
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Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC
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J.P. Morgan Securities LLC
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Piper Sandler & Co.
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William Blair & Company, L.L.C.
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Canaccord Genuity LLC
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Needham & Company, LLC
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Raymond James & Associates, Inc.
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SVB Leerink LLC
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Total:
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23,300,000
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The underwriters and the representatives are collectively referred to as the “underwriters” and the “representatives,” respectively. The underwriters are offering the shares of Class A common stock subject to their acceptance of the shares from us and the selling stockholder and subject to prior sale. The underwriting agreement provides that the obligations of the several underwriters to pay for and accept delivery of the shares of Class A common stock offered by this prospectus are subject to the approval of certain legal matters by their counsel and to certain other conditions. The underwriters are obligated to take and pay for all of the shares of Class A common stock offered by this prospectus if any such shares are taken. However, the underwriters are not required to take or pay for the shares covered by the underwriters’ over-allotment option described below. The offering of the shares of Class A common stock by the underwriters is subject to receipt and acceptance and subject to the underwriters’ right to reject any order in whole or in part.
The underwriters initially propose to offer part of the shares of Class A common stock directly to the public at the offering price listed on the cover page of this prospectus and part to certain dealers at a price that represents a concession not in excess of $ per share under the public offering price. After the initial offering of the shares of Class A common stock, the offering price and other selling terms may from time to time be varied by the representatives.
We have granted to the underwriters an option, exercisable for 30 days from the date of this prospectus, to purchase up to 3,495,000 additional shares of Class A common stock at the public offering price listed on the cover page of this prospectus, less underwriting discounts and commissions. The underwriters may exercise this option solely for the purpose of covering over-allotments, if any, made in connection with the offering of the shares of Class A common stock offered by this prospectus. To the extent the option is exercised, each underwriter will become obligated, subject to certain conditions, to purchase about the same percentage of the additional shares of Class A common stock as the number listed next to the underwriter’s name in the preceding table bears to the total number of shares of Class A common stock listed next to the names of all underwriters in the preceding table.
The following table shows the per share and total public offering price, underwriting discounts and commissions, and proceeds before expenses to us and the selling stockholder. These amounts are shown assuming
both no exercise and full exercise of the underwriters’ option to purchase up to an additional 3,495,000 shares of our Class A common stock.
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Per
Share
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Total
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No Exercise
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Full Exercise
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Public offering price
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$
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$
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$
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Underwriting discounts and commissions to be paid by:
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Us
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$
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$
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$
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The selling stockholder
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$
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$
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$
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Proceeds, before expenses, to us
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$
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$
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$
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Proceeds, before expenses, to the selling stockholder
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$
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$
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$
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The estimated offering expenses payable by us, exclusive of the underwriting discounts and commissions, are approximately $5.8 million. We have agreed to reimburse the underwriters for expenses relating to clearance of this offering with the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority up to $50,000. The underwriters have agreed to reimburse us for certain expenses incurred by us in this offering.
The underwriters have informed us that they do not intend sales to discretionary accounts to exceed 5% of the total number of shares of Class A common stock offered by them.
We have applied to list our Class A common stock on the New York Stock Exchange under the trading symbol “DOCS.”
We, the selling stockholder, all directors and officers, and the holders of substantially all of our outstanding securities have agreed that, without the prior written consent of Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC, Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC, and J.P. Morgan Securities LLC on behalf of the underwriters, we and they will not, and will not publicly disclose an intention to, during the period ending 180 days after the date of this prospectus, subject to earlier termination as described below (the “restricted period”), among other things and subject to certain exceptions and conditions:
•offer, pledge, sell, contract to sell, sell any option or contract to purchase, purchase any option or contract to sell, grant any option, right or warrant to purchase, lend, or otherwise transfer or dispose of, directly or indirectly, any shares of common stock or any securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for shares of common stock;
•submit or file any registration statement with the SEC relating to the offering of any shares of common stock or any securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for common stock; or
•enter into any swap, hedging, or other arrangement that transfers to another, in whole or in part, any of the economic consequences of ownership of the common stock (collectively, the “Lock-up Restrictions”).
Notwithstanding the foregoing,
(A)if the holder is an Employee Stockholder (but excluding in all cases any of our directors, our consultants, our Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer, and Chief Commercial Officer) as of May 31, 2021, subject to compliance with applicable securities laws, including, without limitation, Rule 144 promulgated under the Securities Act and our insider trading policy, the holder may sell in the public market for a 3-trading day period beginning at the commencement of trading on the first trading day on which the common stock is traded on the exchange on which the common stock is listed or ending on such earlier date as we in our sole discretion shall determine, a number of shares of common stock not in excess of 10% of the common stock and other securities owned by the holder on May 31, 2021 (including vested exercisable stock options as of May 31, 2021 (collectively, “Included Securities”), but excluding (1) any shares of common stock or other securities subject to escrow, holdback or similar provisions under agreements related to mergers or acquisitions by us, (2) any unvested shares of common stock or other securities issued by us in connection with mergers or acquisitions by us, (3) any unvested warrants,
convertible securities, stock options, restricted stock units or other equity awards issued by us; (4) any shares of common stock or other securities acquired pursuant to a private secondary transaction and (5) any shares of our preferred stock or shares of common stock issued upon conversion of shares of our preferred stock (collectively, “Excluded Securities”)) before giving effect to any sales of common stock by the holder to the underwriters pursuant to the underwriting agreement;
(B)if (i) the holder is an Employee Stockholder as of July 31, 2021 or our Chief Executive Officer (subject to the limitation described below), Chief Financial Officer or Chief Commercial Officer and (ii) the last reported closing price of the common stock on the exchange on which the common stock is listed is at least 30% greater than the initial public offering price per share set forth on the cover page of this prospectus for any 10 trading days out of the 15-consecutive full trading day period ending on the closing of the trading day immediately prior to the First Post-Offering Earnings Release (as defined below), subject to compliance with applicable securities laws, including, without limitation, Rule 144 promulgated under the Securities Act, and our insider trading policy, the holder may sell in the public market for a 3-trading day period beginning at the commencement of trading on the third trading day after we publicly announce our earnings (which for this purpose shall not include “flash” numbers or preliminary, partial earnings) for the first completed quarterly period (the “First Post-Offering Earnings Release”) following the most recent period for which financial statements are included in this prospectus, a number of shares of common stock not in excess of 15% of the common stock and other securities owned by the holder on July 31, 2021 (including vested exercisable stock options as of July 31, 2021, but excluding any Excluded Securities, except that any common stock and other securities that have become vested and that are not subject to escrow, holdback or similar provisions, or have become released from escrow, holdback or similar provisions and are not subject to vesting, between May 31, 2021 and July 31, 2021 will no longer be Excluded Securities; provided that our Chief Executive Officer is only permitted to sell, pursuant to this clause (B), up to the lesser of (x) 800,000 shares of the common stock and other securities owned by our Chief Executive Officer on July 31, 2021 and (y) 1% of the aggregate number of shares of common stock outstanding as of the first trading day in such 3-trading day period); and
(C)in addition, the restricted period shall terminate commencing on the opening of trading on the third trading day immediately following our release of earnings (which for this purpose shall not include “flash” numbers or preliminary, partial earnings) for the second completed quarterly period following the most recent period for which financial statements are included in this prospectus.
Notwithstanding the Lock-up Restrictions, holders subject to Lock-up Restrictions may transfer the holder’s shares of common stock and other securities in the following transactions:
(1)any sales of common stock by the holder to the underwriters pursuant to the underwriting agreement;
(2)transactions relating to shares of common stock or other securities acquired in this offering or in open market transactions after the completion of this offering, provided that no filing under Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act or other public announcement shall be required or shall be voluntarily made during the restricted period in connection with subsequent sales of common stock or other securities acquired either in this offering or in such open market transactions;
(3)transfers of shares of common stock or other securities (i) as a bona fide gift (including any pledge or similar commitment to donate shares of common stock or other securities and/or proceeds from the sale of shares of common stock or other securities to be applied in their entirety to a charitable contribution) or for bona fide estate planning purposes; (ii) upon death or by will, testamentary document or intestate succession, provided such transfer shall not involve a disposition for value; (iii) to an immediate family member of the holder or to any trust for the direct or indirect benefit of the holder or the immediate family of the holder, provided such transfer shall not involve a disposition for value; or (iv) if the holder is a trust, to any beneficiary of the holder or the estate of any such holder, provided such transfer shall not involve a disposition for value; provided in the case of such transfers, distributions, or dispositions pursuant to the foregoing clauses (i) through (iv), each transferee, donee, or distributee shall sign and deliver a lock-up
agreement and no public announcement or filing shall be required or shall be voluntarily made during the restricted period;
(4)provided the holder is a corporation, partnership, limited liability company, trust or other business entity, distributions, transfers or dispositions of shares of common stock or other securities (i) to another corporation, partnership, limited liability company, trust or other business entity that is an affiliate of the holder, or to any investment fund or other entity controlled or managed by the holder or affiliates of the holder, or (ii) as part of a distribution, transfer or disposition without consideration by the holder to its stockholders, current partners (general or limited), members, beneficiaries or other equity holders, or to the estates of any such stockholders, partners, beneficiaries or other equity holders; provided each transferee, donee, or distributee shall sign and deliver a lock-up agreement and no public announcement or filing shall be required or shall be voluntarily made during the restricted period;
(5)(i) the receipt by the holder from us of shares of common stock or other securities upon the exercise of options, settlement of restricted stock units or other equity awards or the exercise of warrants which are outstanding as of the date of this prospectus and are disclosed in this prospectus; or (ii) the transfer of shares of common stock or any securities convertible into common stock to us upon a vesting or settlement event of our restricted stock units or upon the exercise of options or warrants to purchase our securities on a “cashless” or “net exercise” basis to the extent permitted by the instruments representing such securities, options, restricted stock units or warrants (and any transfer to us necessary in respect of such amount needed for the payment of taxes, including estimated taxes, due as a result of such vesting, settlement or exercise whether by means of a “net settlement” or otherwise) so long as such “cashless” exercise or “net exercise” is effected solely by the surrender of outstanding securities, options, restricted stock units or warrants (or the common stock or other securities issuable upon the exercise or settlement thereof) to us and our cancellation of all or a portion thereof to pay the exercise price and/or withholding tax and remittance obligations, provided (x) that in the case of either (i) or (ii), the shares of common stock received upon exercise or settlement of the security, option, restricted stock unit or warrant are subject to the Lock-Up Restrictions and (y) that in the case of either (i) or (ii), any filing under Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act shall clearly indicate in the footnotes thereto that (A) the filing relates to the circumstances described in (i) or (ii), as the case may be, (B) no shares were sold by the reporting person and (C) any shares of common stock received upon exercise or settlement of the option, warrant or restricted stock unit are subject to a lock-up agreement with the underwriters of this offering;
(6)the transfer of common stock or other securities that occurs by operation of law pursuant to a qualified domestic order in connection with a divorce settlement or other court order, provided that such transferee agrees to be bound in writing by the Lock-up Restrictions, provided no public announcement or filing shall be made during the restricted period, unless such filing is required and clearly indicates in the footnotes thereto the circumstances described in this clause;
(7)the conversion of the outstanding preferred stock or warrants to acquire our preferred stock into shares of common stock or warrants to acquire shares of common stock prior to or in connection with the consummation of this offering, or in connection with the conversion or reclassification of any shares of any class of our common stock into shares of common stock, in each case as described in this prospectus, provided that any such shares of common stock or warrants received upon such conversion shall be subject to the Lock-up Restrictions, provided no public announcement or filing shall be made during the restricted period, unless such filing is required and clearly indicates in the footnotes thereto the circumstances described in this clause;
(8)the transfer of shares of common stock or other securities in connection with a bona fide third-party tender offer, merger, consolidation or other similar transaction, that is approved by our board of directors, made to all holders of common stock involving a change of control, provided that in the event that such change of control is not completed, the common stock or other securities owned by the holder shall remain subject to Lock-Up Restrictions;
(9)any transfer of shares of common stock or other securities to us pursuant to contractual arrangements under which we have, in connection with the termination of service of the holder, (A) the option to repurchase such shares or other securities, or (B) a right of first refusal with respect to such securities, provided that in the case of clauses (A) and (B) above, (1) such contractual arrangement is in effect on the date of this prospectus; and (2) that no public filing, report or announcement reporting a reduction in beneficial ownership of shares of common stock shall be required or shall be voluntarily made during the restricted period within 30 days after the date the holder ceases to provide services to us, and after such 30th day, if the holder is required to file a report reporting a reduction in beneficial ownership of shares of common stock during the restricted period, such report or filing shall clearly indicate in the footnotes thereto that the filing relates to the circumstances described in this clause and no public filing, report or announcement shall be voluntarily made;
(10)the conversion of warrants to purchase shares of our common stock that are disclosed in this prospectus and that are outstanding as of the date of this prospectus into shares of common stock prior to, after or in connection with the consummation of this offering, provided that any such shares of common stock received upon such conversion shall be subject to the Lock-Up Restrictions; and
(11)if the holder is an entity advised by an investment adviser, transfers pursuant to a merger or reorganization with or into another institutional client that shares the same investment adviser registered pursuant to the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended, provided that such common stock shall remain subject to the Lock-Up Restrictions.
The Lock-up Restrictions do not apply to us with respect to (1) the shares to be sold in this offering, (2) any shares of common stock issued upon the reclassification and exchange of common stock outstanding on the date of this prospectus in connection with this offering and as described in the registration statement and this prospectus, (3) the issuance by us of shares of common stock upon the exercise of options outstanding on the date of this prospectus or issued after the date of this prospectus pursuant to our equity plans in effect as of the date of this prospectus and as described in prospectus, provided that we shall cause each recipient of such securities to execute and deliver a lock-up agreement, (4) the issuance by us of shares of common stock or securities convertible into, exchangeable for or that represent that right to receive shares of common stock, in each case pursuant to the our equity plans in effect as of the date of this prospectus and as described in this prospectus, provided that we shall cause each recipient of such securities to execute and deliver a lock-up agreement, (5) the issuance by us of shares of common stock pursuant to the exercise of outstanding warrants described in this prospectus, provided that we shall cause each recipient of such securities to execute and deliver a lock-up agreement, (6) the issuance by us of shares of Class A common stock upon the conversion of shares of Class B common stock, provided that we shall cause each recipient of such securities to execute and deliver a lock-up agreement (7) the issuance by us of shares of common stock or securities convertible into, exchangeable for or that represent the right to receive shares of common stock in connection with (x) the acquisition by us or any of our subsidiaries of the securities, businesses, technology, property or other assets of another person or entity or pursuant to an employee benefit plan assumed by us in connection with such acquisition, and the issuance of any such securities pursuant to any such agreement, or (y) our joint ventures, commercial relationships and other strategic relationships, provided that we shall cause each recipient of such securities to execute and deliver a lock-up agreement, or (8) the filing of any registration statement on Form S-8 relating to the securities granted or to be granted pursuant to (A) our equity plans that are described in this prospectus or (B) any assumed employee benefit plan contemplated by clause (7); provided, that the aggregate number of shares of common stock that we may sell or issue or agree to sell or issue pursuant to clause (7) shall not exceed 10% of the total number of shares of our common stock outstanding immediately following the issuance of the shares contemplated by this offering.
Whether any such transaction described above is to be settled by delivery of common stock or such other securities, in cash or otherwise. In addition, we and each such person have agreed that, without the prior written consent of Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC, Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC, and J.P. Morgan Securities LLC on behalf of the underwriters, we or such other person will not, during the restricted period, make any demand for, or exercise any right with respect to, the registration of any shares of common stock or any security convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for common stock.
Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC, Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC, and J.P. Morgan Securities LLC in their sole discretion, may release the common stock and other securities subject to the lock-up agreements described above in whole or in part at any time.
In order to facilitate the offering of the Class A common stock, the underwriters may engage in transactions that stabilize, maintain, or otherwise affect the price of the Class A common stock. Specifically, the underwriters may sell more shares than they are obligated to purchase under the underwriting agreement, creating a short position. A short sale is covered if the short position is no greater than the number of shares available for purchase by the underwriters under the over-allotment option. The underwriters can close out a covered short sale by exercising the over-allotment option or purchasing shares in the open market. In determining the source of shares to close out a covered short sale, the underwriters will consider, among other things, the open market price of shares compared to the price available under the over-allotment option. The underwriters may also sell shares in excess of the over-allotment option, creating a naked short position. The underwriters must close out any naked short position by purchasing shares in the open market. A naked short position is more likely to be created if the underwriters are concerned that there may be downward pressure on the price of the Class A common stock in the open market after pricing that could adversely affect investors who purchase in this offering. As an additional means of facilitating this offering, the underwriters may bid for, and purchase, shares of Class A common stock in the open market to stabilize the price of the Class A common stock. These activities may raise or maintain the market price of the Class A common stock above independent market levels or prevent or retard a decline in the market price of the Class A common stock. The underwriters are not required to engage in these activities and may end any of these activities at any time.
We, the selling stockholder, and the underwriters have agreed to indemnify each other against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act.
A prospectus in electronic format may be made available on websites maintained by one or more underwriters, or selling group members, if any, participating in this offering. The representatives may agree to allocate a number of shares of Class A common stock to underwriters for sale to their online brokerage account holders. Internet distributions will be allocated by the representatives to underwriters that may make Internet distributions on the same basis as other allocations.
Other Relationships
The underwriters and their respective affiliates are full service financial institutions engaged in various activities, which may include securities trading, commercial and investment banking, financial advisory, investment management, investment research, principal investment, hedging, financing, and brokerage activities. Certain of the underwriters and their respective affiliates have, from time to time, performed, and may in the future perform, various financial advisory and investment banking services for us, for which they received or will receive customary fees and expenses.
In addition, in the ordinary course of their various business activities, the underwriters and their respective affiliates may make or hold a broad array of investments and actively trade debt and equity securities (or related derivative securities) and financial instruments (including bank loans) for their own account and for the accounts of their customers and may at any time hold long and short positions in such securities and instruments. Such investment and securities activities may involve our securities and instruments. The underwriters and their respective affiliates may also make investment recommendations or publish or express independent research views in respect of such securities or instruments and may at any time hold, or recommend to clients that they acquire, long or short positions in such securities and instruments.
Pricing of the Offering
Prior to this offering, there has been no public market for our Class A common stock. The initial public offering price will be determined by negotiations between us, the selling stockholder, and the representatives. Among the factors considered in determining the initial public offering price will be our future prospects and those of our industry in general, our sales, earnings and certain other financial and operating information in recent periods, and
the price-earnings ratios, price-sales ratios, market prices of securities, and certain financial and operating information of companies engaged in activities similar to ours.
Reserved Share Program
At our request, the underwriters have reserved up to 15% of the shares of Class A common stock offered by this prospectus for sale, at the initial public offering price, to certain qualifying member physicians in the United States through a reserved share program. To qualify, a member physician must meet the minimum criteria for the reserved share program, based on platform activity or attendance at member advisor meetings. We do not know if these parties will choose to purchase all or any portion of these reserved shares, but any purchases they do make will reduce the number of shares available to the general public. Any reserved shares that are not so purchased will be offered by the underwriters to the general public on the same terms as the other shares of Class A common stock. Shares sold through the reserved share program will not be subject to lock-up restrictions. Fidelity Capital Markets, a division of National Financial Services LLC, or Fidelity Investments® will administer our reserved shares program. We will agree to indemnify the underwriters against certain liabilities and expenses, including liabilities under the Securities Act, in connection with sales of the shares reserved for the reserved share program. In addition, we have requested that the underwriters make issuer directed allocations in the aggregate of up to approximately $20 million in shares of our Class A common stock to entities affiliated with Emergence Capital Partners.
Selling Restrictions
Canada
The shares may be sold only to purchasers purchasing, or deemed to be purchasing, as principal that are accredited investors, as defined in National Instrument 45-106 Prospectus Exemptions or subsection 73.3(1) of the Securities Act (Ontario), and are permitted clients, as defined in National Instrument 31-103 Registration Requirements, Exemptions and Ongoing Registrant Obligations. Any resale of the shares must be made in accordance with an exemption from, or in a transaction not subject to, the prospectus requirements of applicable securities laws.
Securities legislation in certain provinces or territories of Canada may provide a purchaser with remedies for rescission or damages if this prospectus (including any amendment thereto) contains a misrepresentation, provided that the remedies for rescission or damages are exercised by the purchaser within the time limit prescribed by the securities legislation of the purchaser’s province or territory. The purchaser should refer to any applicable provisions of the securities legislation of the purchaser’s province or territory for particulars of these rights or consult with a legal advisor.
Pursuant to section 3A.3 (or, in the case of securities issued or guaranteed by the government of a non-Canadian jurisdiction, section 3A.4) of National Instrument 33-105 Underwriting Conflicts (NI 33-105), the underwriters are not required to comply with the disclosure requirements of NI 33-105 regarding underwriter conflicts of interest in connection with this offering.
European Economic Area
In relation to each Member State of the European Economic Area (each a Relevant State), no shares have been offered or will be offered pursuant to the offering to the public in that Relevant State prior to the publication of a prospectus in relation to the shares which has been approved by the competent authority in that Relevant State or, where appropriate, approved in another Relevant State and notified to the competent authority in that Relevant State, all in accordance with the Prospectus Regulation, except that the shares may be offered to the public in that Relevant State at any time:
(i)to any legal entity which is a qualified investor as defined under Article 2 of the Prospectus Regulation;
(ii)to fewer than 150 natural or legal persons (other than qualified investors as defined under Article 2 of the Prospectus Regulation), subject to obtaining the prior consent of representatives for any such offer; or
(iii)in any other circumstances falling within Article 1(4) of the Prospectus Regulation,
provided that no such offer of the shares shall require us or any of the representatives to publish a prospectus pursuant to Article 3 of the Prospectus Regulation or supplement a prospectus pursuant to Article 23 of the Prospectus Regulation.
For the purposes of this provision, the expression an “offer to the public” in relation to the shares in any Relevant State means the communication in any form and by any means of sufficient information on the terms of the offer and any shares to be offered so as to enable an investor to decide to purchase or subscribe for any shares, and the expression “Prospectus Regulation” means Regulation (EU) 2017/1129.
United Kingdom
No shares have been offered or will be offered pursuant to the offering to the public in the United Kingdom prior to the publication of a prospectus in relation to the Shares which has been approved by the Financial Conduct Authority, except that the shares may be offered to the public in the United Kingdom at any time:
(i)to any legal entity which is a qualified investor as defined under Article 2 of the UK Prospectus Regulation;
(ii)to fewer than 150 natural or legal persons (other than qualified investors as defined under Article 2 of the UK Prospectus Regulation), subject to obtaining the prior consent of the representatives for any such offer; or
(iii)in any other circumstances falling within Section 86 of the FSMA,
provided that no such offer of the shares shall require the Issuer or any Manager to publish a prospectus pursuant to Section 85 of the FSMA or supplement a prospectus pursuant to Article 23 of the UK Prospectus Regulation. For the purposes of this provision, the expression an “offer to the public” in relation to the shares in the United Kingdom means the communication in any form and by any means of sufficient information on the terms of the offer and any shares to be offered so as to enable an investor to decide to purchase or subscribe for any shares and the expression “UK Prospectus Regulation” means Regulation (EU) 2017/1129 as it forms part of domestic law by virtue of the European Union (Withdrawal) Act 2018.
Hong Kong
Shares of our Class A common stock may not be offered or sold by means of any document other than (i) in circumstances which do not constitute an offer to the public within the meaning of the Companies Ordinance (Cap.32, Laws of Hong Kong); (ii) to “professional investors” within the meaning of the Securities and Futures Ordinance (Cap.571, Laws of Hong Kong) and any rules made thereunder; or (iii) in other circumstances which do not result in the document being a “prospectus” within the meaning of the Companies Ordinance (Cap.32, Laws of Hong Kong), and no advertisement, invitation or document relating to shares of our Class A common stock may be issued or may be in the possession of any person for the purpose of issue (in each case whether in Hong Kong or elsewhere), which is directed at, or the contents of which are likely to be accessed or read by, the public in Hong Kong (except if permitted to do so under the laws of Hong Kong) other than with respect to shares of our Class A common stock which are or are intended to be disposed of only to persons outside Hong Kong or only to “professional investors” within the meaning of the Securities and Futures Ordinance (Cap.571, Laws of Hong Kong) and any rules made thereunder.
Japan
No registration pursuant to Article 4, paragraph 1 of the Financial Instruments and Exchange Law of Japan (Law No. 25 of 1948, as amended) (the FIEL) has been made or will be made with respect to the solicitation of the application for the acquisition of the shares of Class A common stock.
Accordingly, the shares of Class A common stock have not been, directly or indirectly, offered or sold and will not be, directly or indirectly, offered or sold in Japan or to, or for the benefit of, any resident of Japan (which term as used herein means any person resident in Japan, including any corporation or other entity organized under the laws of Japan) or to others for re-offering or re-sale, directly or indirectly, in Japan or to, or for the benefit of, any resident
of Japan except pursuant to an exemption from the registration requirements, and otherwise in compliance with, the FIEL and the other applicable laws and regulations of Japan.
For Qualified Institutional Investors (QII)
Please note that the solicitation for newly-issued or secondary securities (each as described in Paragraph 2, Article 4 of the FIEL) in relation to the shares of Class A common stock constitutes either a “QII only private placement” or a “QII only secondary distribution” (each as described in Paragraph 1, Article 23-13 of the FIEL). Disclosure regarding any such solicitation, as is otherwise prescribed in Paragraph 1, Article 4 of the FIEL, has not been made in relation to the shares of Class A common stock. The shares of Class A common stock may only be transferred to QIIs.
For Non-QII Investors
Please note that the solicitation for newly-issued or secondary securities (each as described in Paragraph 2, Article 4 of the FIEL) in relation to the shares of Class A common stock constitutes either a “small number private placement” or a “small number private secondary distribution” (each as is described in Paragraph 4, Article 23-13 of the FIEL). Disclosure regarding any such solicitation, as is otherwise prescribed in Paragraph 1, Article 4 of the FIEL, has not been made in relation to the shares of Class A common stock. The shares of Class A common stock may only be transferred en bloc without subdivision to a single investor.
Singapore
This prospectus has not been registered as a prospectus with the Monetary Authority of Singapore. Accordingly, this prospectus and any other document or material in connection with the offer or sale, or invitation for subscription or purchase, of shares of our Class A common stock may not be circulated or distributed, nor may the shares of our Class A common stock be offered or sold, or be made the subject of an invitation for subscription or purchase, whether directly or indirectly, to persons in Singapore other than (i) to an institutional investor under Section 274 of the Securities and Futures Act, Chapter 289 of Singapore (the SFA); (ii) to a relevant person, or any person pursuant to Section 275(1A), and in accordance with the conditions, specified in Section 275 of the SFA; or (iii) otherwise pursuant to, and in accordance with the conditions of, any other applicable provision of the SFA.
Where shares of our Class A common stock are subscribed or purchased under Section 275 by a relevant person which is: (i) a corporation (which is not an accredited investor) the sole business of which is to hold investments and the entire share capital of which is owned by one or more individuals, each of whom is an accredited investor; or (ii) a trust (where the trustee is not an accredited investor) whose sole purpose is to hold investments and each beneficiary is an accredited investor, shares, debentures and units of shares and debentures of that corporation or the beneficiaries’ rights and interest in that trust shall not be transferable for 6 months after that corporation or that trust has acquired shares of our Class A common stock under Section 275 except: (a) to an institutional investor under Section 274 of the SFA or to a relevant person, or any person pursuant to Section 275(1A), and in accordance with the conditions, specified in Section 275 of the SFA; (b) where no consideration is given for the transfer; or (c) by operation of law.
Switzerland
The shares may not be publicly offered in Switzerland and will not be listed on the SIX Swiss Exchange, or SIX, or on any other stock exchange or regulated trading facility in Switzerland. This document has been prepared without regard to the disclosure standards for issuance prospectuses under art. 652a or art. 1156 of the Swiss Code of Obligations or the disclosure standards for listing prospectuses under art. 27 ff. of the SIX Listing Rules or the listing rules of any other stock exchange or regulated trading facility in Switzerland. Neither this document nor any other offering or marketing material relating to the shares or the offering may be publicly distributed or otherwise made publicly available in Switzerland.
Neither this document nor any other offering or marketing material relating to the offering, the company, or the shares have been or will be filed with or approved by any Swiss regulatory authority. In particular, this document will not be filed with, and the offer of shares will not be supervised by, the Swiss Financial Market Supervisory Authority FINMA (FINMA), and the offer of shares has not been and will not be authorized under the Swiss Federal
Act on Collective Investment Schemes (CISA). The investor protection afforded to acquirers of interests in collective investment schemes under the CISA does not extend to acquirers of shares.
Dubai International Financial Centre
This prospectus relates to an Exempt Offer in accordance with the Offered Securities Rules of the Dubai Financial Services Authority (DFSA). This prospectus is intended for distribution only to persons of a type specified in the Offered Securities Rules of the DFSA. It must not be delivered to, or relied on by, any other person. The DFSA has no responsibility for reviewing or verifying any documents in connection with Exempt Offers. The DFSA has not approved this prospectus nor taken steps to verify the information set forth herein and has no responsibility for the prospectus. The shares to which this prospectus relates may be illiquid and/or subject to restrictions on their resale. Prospective purchasers of the shares offered should conduct their own due diligence on the shares. If you do not understand the contents of this prospectus you should consult an authorized financial advisor.
Australia
No placement document, prospectus, product disclosure statement, or other disclosure document has been lodged with the Australian Securities and Investments Commission, in relation to the offering. This prospectus does not constitute a prospectus, product disclosure statement or other disclosure document under the Corporations Act 2001 (Corporations Act), and does not purport to include the information required for a prospectus, product disclosure statement, or other disclosure document under the Corporations Act.
Any offer in Australia of the shares may only be made to persons (Exempt Investors), who are “sophisticated investors” (within the meaning of section 708(8) of the Corporations Act), “professional investors” (within the meaning of section 708(11) of the Corporations Act), or otherwise pursuant to one or more exemptions contained in section 708 of the Corporations Act so that it is lawful to offer the shares without disclosure to investors under Chapter 6D of the Corporations Act.
The shares applied for by Exempt Investors in Australia must not be offered for sale in Australia in the period of 12 months after the date of allotment under the offering, except in circumstances where disclosure to investors under Chapter 6D of the Corporations Act would not be required pursuant to an exemption under section 708 of the Corporations Act or otherwise or where the offer is pursuant to a disclosure document which complies with Chapter 6D of the Corporations Act. Any person acquiring shares must observe such Australian on-sale restrictions.
This prospectus contains general information only and does not take account of the investment objectives, financial situation, or particular needs of any particular person. It does not contain any securities recommendations or financial product advice. Before making an investment decision, investors need to consider whether the information in this prospectus is appropriate to their needs, objectives, and circumstances, and, if necessary, seek expert advice on those matters.
Israel
In the State of Israel this prospectus shall not be regarded as an offer to the public to purchase shares of Class A common stock under the Israeli Securities Law, 5728 - 1968, which requires a prospectus to be published and authorized by the Israel Securities Authority, if it complies with certain provisions of Section 15 of the Israeli Securities Law, 5728 - 1968, including, inter alia, if: (i) the offer is made, distributed, or directed to not more than 35 investors, subject to certain conditions (the Addressed Investors); or (ii) the offer is made, distributed, or directed to certain qualified investors defined in the First Addendum of the Israeli Securities Law, 5728 - 1968, subject to certain conditions (the Qualified Investors). The Qualified Investors shall not be taken into account in the count of the Addressed Investors and may be offered to purchase securities in addition to the 35 Addressed Investors. The company has not and will not take any action that would require it to publish a prospectus in accordance with and subject to the Israeli Securities Law, 5728 - 1968. We have not and will not distribute this prospectus or make, distribute, or direct an offer to subscribe for our Class A common stock to any person within the State of Israel, other than to Qualified Investors and up to 35 Addressed Investors.
Qualified Investors may have to submit written evidence that they meet the definitions set out in of the First Addendum to the Israeli Securities Law, 5728 - 1968. In particular, we may request, as a condition to be offered Class A common stock, that Qualified Investors will each represent, warrant, and certify to us and/or to anyone acting on our behalf: (i) that it is an investor falling within one of the categories listed in the First Addendum to the Israeli Securities Law, 5728 - 1968; (ii) which of the categories listed in the First Addendum to the Israeli Securities Law, 5728 - 1968 regarding Qualified Investors is applicable to it; (iii) that it will abide by all provisions set forth in the Israeli Securities Law, 5728 - 1968 and the regulations promulgated thereunder in connection with the offer to be issued Class A common stock; (iv) that the shares of Class A common stock that it will be issued are, subject to exemptions available under the Israeli Securities Law, 5728 - 1968: (a) for its own account; (b) for investment purposes only; and (c) not issued with a view to resale within the State of Israel, other than in accordance with the provisions of the Israeli Securities Law, 5728 - 1968; and (v) that it is willing to provide further evidence of its Qualified Investor status. Addressed Investors may have to submit written evidence in respect of their identity and may have to sign and submit a declaration containing, inter alia, the Addressed Investor’s name, address, and passport number or Israeli identification number.
LEGAL MATTERS
Goodwin Procter LLP, Redwood City, California, which is acting as our counsel in connection with this offering, will pass upon the validity of the shares of our Class A common stock being offered by this prospectus. The underwriters are being represented by Cooley LLP, San Francisco, California. The selling stockholder is being represented by Goodwin Procter LLP, Redwood City, California.
EXPERTS
The financial statements as of March 31, 2021 and 2020, and for each of the three years in the period ended March 31, 2021, included in the registration statement, have been audited by Deloitte & Touche LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report appearing herein. Such financial statements are included in reliance upon the report of such firm given upon their authority as experts in accounting and auditing.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
We have submitted with the SEC a registration statement on Form S-1 under the Securities Act with respect to the shares of Class A common stock offered by this prospectus. This prospectus, which constitutes a part of the registration statement, does not contain all of the information set forth in the registration statement, some of which is contained in exhibits to the registration statement as permitted by the rules and regulations of the SEC. For further information with respect to us and our Class A common stock, we refer you to the registration statement, including the exhibits filed as a part of the registration statement. Statements contained in this prospectus concerning the contents of any contract or any other document are not necessarily complete. If a contract or document has been filed as an exhibit to the registration statement, please see the copy of the contract or document that has been filed. Each statement in this prospectus relating to a contract or document filed as an exhibit is qualified in all respects by the filed exhibit. The SEC also maintains an Internet website that contains reports, proxy statements, and other information about issuers, like us, that file electronically with the SEC. The address of that website is www.sec.gov.
As a result of this offering, we will become subject to the information and reporting requirements of the Exchange Act and, in accordance with this law, will file periodic reports, proxy statements, and other information with the SEC. These periodic reports, proxy statements, and other information will be available for inspection and copying at the SEC’s public reference facilities and the website of the SEC referred to above. We also maintain a website at www.doximity.com. Upon completion of this offering, you may access these materials free of charge as soon as reasonably practicable after they are electronically filed with, or furnished to, the SEC. Information contained on our website is not a part of this prospectus and the inclusion of our website address in this prospectus is an inactive textual reference only.
DOXIMITY, INC.
INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Stockholders and the Board of Directors of Doximity, Inc.
Opinion on the Financial Statements
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Doximity, Inc. and its subsidiary (the "Company") as of March 31, 2021 and 2020, the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income, redeemable convertible preferred stock and stockholders’ equity (deficit), and cash flows, for each of the three years in the period ended March 31, 2021, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the "financial statements"). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of March 31, 2021 and 2020, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended March 31, 2021, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
Basis for Opinion
These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company's financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audits, we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.
Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
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/s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP
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San Francisco, California
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May 28, 2021 (June 14, 2021 as to Note 16)
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We have served as the Company's auditor since 2015.
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DOXIMITY, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(in thousands, except per share data)
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
As of March 31,
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|
|
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2020
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|
2021
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Assets
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current assets:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents
|
|
|
$
|
48,430
|
|
|
$
|
66,393
|
|
Marketable securities
|
|
|
38,016
|
|
|
76,141
|
|
Accounts receivable, net
|
|
|
26,162
|
|
|
50,319
|
|
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
|
|
|
6,949
|
|
|
10,692
|
|
Deferred contract costs, current
|
|
|
3,414
|
|
|
5,856
|
|
Total current assets
|
|
|
122,971
|
|
|
209,401
|
|
Property and equipment, net
|
|
|
4,894
|
|
|
7,598
|
|
Deferred income tax assets
|
|
|
7,099
|
|
|
2,112
|
|
Operating lease right-of-use assets
|
|
|
2,217
|
|
|
1,339
|
|
Intangible assets, net
|
|
|
393
|
|
|
9,596
|
|
Goodwill
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
18,915
|
|
Other assets
|
|
|
1,346
|
|
|
2,758
|
|
Total assets
|
|
|
$
|
138,920
|
|
|
$
|
251,719
|
|
Liabilities, Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock and Stockholders’ Equity
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current liabilities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accounts payable
|
|
|
$
|
1,417
|
|
|
$
|
1,515
|
|
Accrued expenses
|
|
|
7,757
|
|
|
16,285
|
|
Deferred revenue, current
|
|
|
44,298
|
|
|
83,272
|
|
Operating lease liabilities, current
|
|
|
1,959
|
|
|
970
|
|
Other current liabilities
|
|
|
283
|
|
|
—
|
|
Total current liabilities
|
|
|
55,714
|
|
|
102,042
|
|
Deferred revenue, non-current
|
|
|
288
|
|
|
220
|
|
Operating lease liabilities, non-current
|
|
|
324
|
|
|
284
|
|
Other liabilities, non-current
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
972
|
|
Total liabilities
|
|
|
56,326
|
|
|
103,518
|
|
Commitments and contingencies (Note 11)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock (Note 16)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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Redeemable convertible preferred stock, $0.001 par value; 76,350 shares authorized as of March 31, 2020 and 2021; 76,287 shares issued and outstanding as of March 31, 2020 and 2021; liquidation preference of $81,672 as of March 31, 2020 and 2021
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|
|
81,458
|
|
|
81,458
|
|
Stockholders' Equity (Note 16)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Common stock, $0.001 par value; 180,000 and 198,000 shares authorized as of March 31, 2020 and 2021, respectively; 68,566, and 82,910 shares issued and outstanding as of March 31, 2020 and 2021, respectively
|
|
|
68
|
|
|
83
|
|
Additional paid-in capital
|
|
|
14,954
|
|
|
30,357
|
|
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(21)
|
|
Retained earnings (accumulated deficit)
|
|
|
(13,886)
|
|
|
36,324
|
|
Total stockholders' equity
|
|
|
1,136
|
|
|
66,743
|
|
Total liabilities, redeemable convertible preferred stock, and stockholders’ equity
|
|
|
$
|
138,920
|
|
|
$
|
251,719
|
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
DOXIMITY, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(in thousands, except per share data)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended March 31,
|
|
2019
|
|
2020
|
|
2021
|
Revenue
|
$
|
85,695
|
|
|
$
|
116,388
|
|
|
$
|
206,897
|
|
Cost of revenue
|
10,889
|
|
|
14,900
|
|
|
31,196
|
|
Gross profit
|
74,806
|
|
|
101,488
|
|
|
175,701
|
|
Operating expenses:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Research and development
|
27,499
|
|
|
32,435
|
|
|
43,873
|
|
Sales and marketing
|
33,045
|
|
|
39,448
|
|
|
62,033
|
|
General and administrative
|
7,341
|
|
|
7,442
|
|
|
16,492
|
|
Total operating expenses
|
67,885
|
|
|
79,325
|
|
|
122,398
|
|
Income from operations
|
6,921
|
|
|
22,163
|
|
|
53,303
|
|
Interest income
|
1,069
|
|
|
1,464
|
|
|
301
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other income (expense), net
|
(59)
|
|
|
(113)
|
|
|
4,165
|
|
Income before income taxes
|
7,931
|
|
|
23,514
|
|
|
57,769
|
|
Provision for (benefit from) income taxes
|
98
|
|
|
(6,223)
|
|
|
7,559
|
|
Net income
|
$
|
7,833
|
|
|
$
|
29,737
|
|
|
$
|
50,210
|
|
Undistributed earnings attributable to participating securities
|
(7,238)
|
|
|
(18,908)
|
|
|
(28,654)
|
|
Net income attributable to common stockholders, basic and diluted
|
$
|
595
|
|
|
$
|
10,829
|
|
|
$
|
21,556
|
|
Net income per share attributable to common stockholders:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic
|
$
|
0.01
|
|
|
$
|
0.16
|
|
|
$
|
0.29
|
|
Diluted
|
$
|
0.01
|
|
|
$
|
0.13
|
|
|
$
|
0.23
|
|
Weighted-average shares used in computing net income per share attributable to common stockholders:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic
|
64,272
|
|
|
66,758
|
|
|
74,342
|
|
Diluted
|
75,654
|
|
|
81,710
|
|
|
95,134
|
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
DOXIMITY, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(in thousands)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended March 31,
|
|
2019
|
|
2020
|
|
2021
|
Net income
|
$
|
7,833
|
|
|
$
|
29,737
|
|
|
$
|
50,210
|
|
Other comprehensive loss:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Change in unrealized loss on available-for-sale-securities, net of tax provision of $0
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(21)
|
|
Total other comprehensive loss
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(21)
|
|
Comprehensive income
|
$
|
7,833
|
|
|
$
|
29,737
|
|
|
$
|
50,189
|
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
DOXIMITY, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF REDEEMABLE CONVERTIBLE PREFERRED STOCK AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (DEFICIT)
(in thousands)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Redeemable Convertible
Preferred Stock
|
|
|
Common Stock
|
|
Additional Paid-In
Capital
|
|
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Loss
|
|
Retained Earnings (Accumulated
Deficit)
|
|
Total
Stockholders’
Equity (Deficit)
|
|
Shares
|
|
Amount
|
|
|
Shares
|
|
Amount
|
|
|
|
|
Balance as of March 31, 2018
|
76,249
|
|
|
$
|
81,433
|
|
|
|
63,374
|
|
|
$
|
63
|
|
|
$
|
7,184
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
(51,456)
|
|
|
$
|
(44,209)
|
|
Stock-based compensation
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
2,394
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
2,394
|
|
Exercise of stock options
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
2,124
|
|
|
2
|
|
|
983
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
985
|
|
Issuance of common stock
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
28
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
4
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
4
|
|
Vesting of common stock warrants
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
39
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
39
|
|
Vesting of early exercised stock options
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
19
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
19
|
|
Net income
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
7,833
|
|
|
7,833
|
|
Balance as of March 31, 2019
|
76,249
|
|
|
$
|
81,433
|
|
|
|
65,526
|
|
|
$
|
65
|
|
|
$
|
10,623
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
(43,623)
|
|
|
$
|
(32,935)
|
|
Stock-based compensation
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
2,537
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
2,537
|
|
Exercise of stock options
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
3,040
|
|
3
|
|
1,691
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
1,694
|
Vesting of common stock warrants
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
57
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
57
|
Exercise of Series B redeemable convertible preferred stock warrants
|
38
|
|
|
25
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
46
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
46
|
Net income
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
29,737
|
|
29,737
|
|
Balance as of March 31, 2020
|
76,287
|
|
|
$
|
81,458
|
|
|
|
68,566
|
|
|
$
|
68
|
|
|
$
|
14,954
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
(13,886)
|
|
|
$
|
1,136
|
|
Stock-based compensation
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
7,398
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
7,398
|
|
Exercise of stock options
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
13,890
|
|
|
14
|
|
|
8,883
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
8,897
|
|
Issuance of common stock
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
22
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
34
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
34
|
|
Repurchase and retirement of common stock
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
(258)
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(2,022)
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(2,022)
|
|
Vesting of common stock warrants
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
49
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
49
|
|
Other comprehensive loss
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(21)
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(21)
|
|
Issuance of common stock in connection with an acquisition
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
690
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
1,061
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
1,062
|
|
Net income
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
50,210
|
|
|
50,210
|
|
Balance as of March 31, 2021
|
76,287
|
|
|
$
|
81,458
|
|
|
|
82,910
|
|
|
$
|
83
|
|
|
$
|
30,357
|
|
|
$
|
(21)
|
|
|
$
|
36,324
|
|
|
$
|
66,743
|
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
DOXIMITY, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(in thousands)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended
March 31,
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2019
|
|
|
|
2020
|
|
2021
|
Cash flows from operating activities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
7,833
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
29,737
|
|
|
$
|
50,210
|
|
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Depreciation and amortization
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
551
|
|
|
|
|
900
|
|
|
3,702
|
|
Deferred income taxes
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
(7,099)
|
|
|
4,987
|
|
Stock-based compensation, net of amounts capitalized
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,343
|
|
|
|
|
2,353
|
|
|
7,252
|
|
Other
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
76
|
|
|
|
|
72
|
|
|
33
|
|
Non-cash lease expense
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
2,000
|
|
|
2,433
|
|
Bad debt expense (recovery)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
621
|
|
|
|
|
(124)
|
|
|
370
|
|
Amortization (accretion) of premium (discount) on marketable securities, net
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(141)
|
|
|
|
|
(441)
|
|
|
197
|
|
Gain on sale of business
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(4,698)
|
|
Amortization of deferred agency rebates
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
1,570
|
|
Amortization of deferred contract costs
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
5,128
|
|
|
|
|
5,070
|
|
|
6,883
|
|
Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of effect of acquisition:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accounts receivable
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,534
|
|
|
|
|
(12,036)
|
|
|
(20,452)
|
|
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1,517)
|
|
|
|
|
(4,041)
|
|
|
(3,236)
|
|
Other assets
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1,838)
|
|
|
|
|
1,001
|
|
|
(503)
|
|
Deferred contract costs
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(5,209)
|
|
|
|
|
(5,674)
|
|
|
(9,384)
|
|
Accounts payable
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
726
|
|
|
|
|
480
|
|
|
(243)
|
|
Accrued liabilities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1,784)
|
|
|
|
|
3,378
|
|
|
4,992
|
|
Deferred revenue
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4,914
|
|
|
|
|
13,318
|
|
|
38,907
|
|
Operating lease liabilities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
(3,893)
|
|
|
(2,583)
|
|
Other liabilities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,069
|
|
|
|
|
1,198
|
|
|
2,536
|
|
Net cash provided by operating activities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
15,306
|
|
|
|
|
26,199
|
|
|
82,973
|
|
Cash flows from investing activities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Purchases of property and equipment
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(114)
|
|
|
|
|
(285)
|
|
|
(245)
|
|
Capitalized internal-use software
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1,076)
|
|
|
|
|
(3,959)
|
|
|
(4,365)
|
|
Purchases of marketable securities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(61,733)
|
|
|
|
|
(79,107)
|
|
|
(78,880)
|
|
Maturities of marketable securities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
53,856
|
|
|
|
|
70,256
|
|
|
40,537
|
|
Cash paid for acquisition, net of cash acquired
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(31,682)
|
|
Proceeds from sale of business
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
4,230
|
|
Other
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(12)
|
|
Net cash used in investing activities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(9,067)
|
|
|
|
|
(13,095)
|
|
|
(70,417)
|
|
Cash flows from financing activities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Proceeds from exercise of redeemable convertible preferred stock warrants
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
25
|
|
|
—
|
|
Proceeds from issuance of common stock upon exercise of stock options
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
985
|
|
|
|
|
1,694
|
|
|
8,897
|
|
Repurchase and retirement of common stock
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(2,022)
|
|
Payments for deferred offering costs
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(1,468)
|
|
Net cash provided by financing activities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
985
|
|
|
|
|
1,719
|
|
|
5,407
|
|
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
7,224
|
|
|
|
|
14,823
|
|
|
17,963
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
26,383
|
|
|
|
|
33,607
|
|
|
48,430
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
33,607
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
48,430
|
|
|
$
|
66,393
|
|
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash paid for taxes
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
4
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
1,237
|
|
|
$
|
5,972
|
|
Non-cash financing and investing activities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Unpaid deferred offering costs
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
782
|
|
Common stock issued in acquisition
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
1,062
|
|
Capitalized stock-based compensation for internal-use software development costs
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
51
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
184
|
|
|
$
|
195
|
|
Amounts held in escrow related to sale of business
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
470
|
|
Vesting of common stock warrants
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
39
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
57
|
|
|
$
|
49
|
|
Vesting of early exercised stock options
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
19
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
|
|
|
DOXIMITY, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
|
1. DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION
Description of Business
Doximity, Inc. (the “Company”) was incorporated in the state of Delaware in April 2010 as 3MD Communications, Inc. and is headquartered in San Francisco, California. The Company subsequently changed its name to Doximity, Inc. in June 2010. The Company provides an online platform, which enables physicians and other healthcare professionals to collaborate with their colleagues, securely coordinate patient care, stay up to date with the latest medical news and research, and manage their careers. The Company’s customers primarily include pharmaceutical companies and health systems that connect with healthcare professionals through the Company’s digital Marketing and Hiring Solutions. Marketing Solutions provide customers with the ability to share tailored content on the network. Hiring Solutions enable customers to identify, connect with, and hire from the network of both active and passive potential physician candidates.
Basis of Presentation and Principles of Consolidation
The accompanying consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”). The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its consolidated subsidiary. All intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation. The Company’s fiscal year ends on March 31. Unless otherwise noted, all references to a particular year shall mean the Company’s fiscal year.
2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Use of Estimates
The preparation of the Company’s consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts stated in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. These judgments, estimates, and assumptions are used for, but not limited to, the determination of revenue recognition, fair values of acquired intangible assets and goodwill, useful lives of long-lived assets, internal-use software development costs, the valuation of the Company’s common stock, the valuation of stock-based awards, allowance for doubtful accounts, expected period of benefit for deferred commissions, and deferred income taxes. The Company bases its estimates and judgments on historical experience and on various other assumptions that it believes are reasonable under the circumstances. However, future events are subject to change and best estimates and judgments routinely require adjustment. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
The World Health Organization declared in March 2020 that the recent outbreak of the coronavirus disease (“COVID-19”) constituted a pandemic. The COVID-19 pandemic has had, and continues to have, a significant impact on the U.S. economy and the markets in which the Company operates. The Company has not experienced significant adverse impacts on its business and workforce and the Company’s results of operations, cash flows, and financial condition have not been adversely impacted to date. The full extent to which the COVID-19 pandemic will directly or indirectly impact the Company’s results of operations, cash flows, and financial condition will depend on future developments that are highly uncertain and cannot be accurately predicted. As of the date of issuance of the consolidated financial statements, the Company is not aware of any specific event or circumstance that would require it to update its estimates, judgments, or the carrying value of its assets or liabilities. These estimates may change, as new events occur and additional information is obtained, and are recognized in the consolidated financial statements as soon as they become known. Actual results could differ from those estimates, and any such differences may be material to the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
Concentrations of Credit Risk
Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents, marketable securities, and accounts receivable. The primary focus of the Company’s investment strategy is to preserve capital and meet liquidity requirements. The Company’s investment policy addresses the level of credit exposure by limiting the concentration in any one corporate issuer or sector and
|
|
|
DOXIMITY, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
|
establishing a minimum allowable credit rating. To manage risk exposure, the Company invests cash equivalents and marketable securities in a variety of fixed income securities, including government and investment-grade debt securities and money market funds. The Company places its cash primarily in checking and money market accounts with reputable financial institutions. Deposits held with these financial institutions may exceed the amount of insurance provided on such deposits, if any.
Concentrations of credit risk with respect to accounts receivable are primarily limited to certain customers to which the Company makes substantial sales. The Company performs ongoing assessments and credit evaluations of its customers to assess the collectability of the accounts receivable based on a number of factors, including past transaction experience, age of the receivable, review of the invoicing terms of the contracts, and recent communications with customers. The Company has not experienced significant credit losses from its accounts receivable. The Company’s significant customers that represented 10% or more of revenue or accounts receivable, net for the periods presented were as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Revenue
|
|
Accounts Receivable, Net
|
|
Year Ended March 31,
|
|
As of March 31,
|
|
2019
|
|
2020
|
|
2021
|
|
2020
|
|
2021
|
Customer A
|
11
|
%
|
|
12
|
%
|
|
12
|
%
|
|
11
|
%
|
|
25
|
%
|
Customer B
|
*
|
|
*
|
|
*
|
|
12
|
%
|
|
*
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
__________________
*Less than 10%
Revenue Recognition
The Company’s revenue is primarily derived from the sale of subscriptions for the following solutions:
•Marketing Solutions: Hosting of customer-sponsored content on the Doximity platform and providing access to the Company’s professional database of healthcare professionals for referral or marketing purposes during the subscription period.
•Hiring Solutions: Providing customers access to the Company’s professional tools where recruiters can access the Company’s database of healthcare professionals, allowing customers to send messages for talent sourcing and to share job postings during the subscription period.
The Company determines revenue recognition in accordance with ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, through the following five steps:
1) Identify the contract with a customer
The Company considers the terms and conditions of its contracts and the Company’s customary business practices in identifying its contracts under ASC 606. The Company determines it has a contract with a customer when the contract has been approved by both parties, it can identify each party’s rights regarding the services to be transferred and the payment terms for the services, it has determined the customer to have the ability and intent to pay, and the contract has commercial substance. At contract inception, the Company evaluates whether two or more contracts should be combined and accounted for as a single contract. The Company applies judgment in determining the customer’s ability and intent to pay, which is based on a variety of factors, including the customer’s payment history or, in the case of a new customer, credit and financial information pertaining to the customer.
Contractual terms for Marketing Solutions contracts are generally 12 months or less. The contractual term for Hiring Solutions contracts is typically 12 months. Customers are generally billed in advance based on contractual milestones during the subscription term. Certain Marketing Solutions contracts are cancellable with a 30-day notice period. The Company is not required to refund any prepayment fees invoiced and customers are responsible for prorated amounts to cover services that were provided but payment was not made. Contracts related to Hiring Solutions are non-cancellable and customers are billed in annual, quarterly, or monthly installments in advance of the service period.
|
|
|
DOXIMITY, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
|
2) Identify the performance obligations in the contract
Performance obligations promised in a contract are identified based on the services that will be transferred to the customer that are both capable of being distinct, whereby the customer can benefit from the service either on its own or together with other resources that are readily available, and are distinct in the context of the contract, whereby the transfer of the services is separately identifiable from other promises in the contract.
Marketing Solutions customers may purchase a subscription for a specific module to be used over a defined period of time. These customers may purchase more than one module with either the same or different subscription periods. Modules are the core building blocks of the Company’s customers’ marketing plan and can be broadly categorized as Awareness, Interactivity, and Peer. As an example, the Company’s Awareness modules may include:
•A sponsored article, including a headline that appears in the targeted member’s newsfeed.
•Short, animated videos that are presented in targeted members’ newsfeeds.
•Short-form content that is presented within the targeted members’ newsfeeds.
Each module targets a consistent number of Doximity members per month for the duration of the subscription period. The Company treats each subscription to a specific module as a distinct performance obligation because each module is capable of being distinct as the customer can benefit from the subscription to each module on their own and each subscription can be sold standalone. Furthermore, the subscriptions to individual modules are distinct in the context of the contract as (1) the Company is not integrating the services with other services promised in the contract into a bundle of services that represent a combined output, (2) the subscriptions to specific modules do not significantly modify or customize the subscription to another module, and (3) the specific modules are not highly interdependent or highly interrelated. The subscription to each module is treated as a series of distinct performance obligations because it is distinct and substantially the same, satisfied over time, and has the same measure of progress.
Marketing Solutions customers may also purchase integrated subscriptions for a fixed subscription fee that are not tied to a single module but allow customers to utilize any combination of modules during the subscription period subject to limits on the total number of modules active at any given time and members targeted. These represent stand-ready obligations in that the delivery of the underlying sponsored content is within the control of the customer and the extent of use in any given period does not diminish the remaining services.
Some customers have negotiated to receive credits to purchase additional services at no extra cost if certain metrics have not been achieved. These credits are accounted for as material rights.
Subscriptions to Hiring Solutions provide customers access to the platform to place targeted job postings and send a fixed number of monthly messages. Each subscription is treated as a series of distinct performance obligations that are satisfied over time.
3) Determine the transaction price
The transaction price is determined based on the consideration the Company expects to be entitled to in exchange for transferring services to the customer. Variable consideration is included in the transaction price if, in the Company’s judgment, it is probable that a significant future reversal of cumulative revenue recognized under the contract will not occur.
The Company may generate sales through the use of third-party media agencies that are authorized to enter into contracts on behalf of an end customer. The Company acts as the principal in these transactions since it maintains control prior to transferring the service to the customer and is primarily responsible for the fulfillment that occurs through the Company’s platform. The Company records revenue for the amount to which it is entitled from the third-party media agencies as the Company does not know and expects not to know the price charged by the third-party media agencies to its customers.
Revenue is recognized net of any taxes collected from customers, which are subsequently remitted to governmental entities.
|
|
|
DOXIMITY, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
|
4) Allocate the transaction price to performance obligations in the contract
If the contract contains a single performance obligation, the entire transaction price is allocated to the single performance obligation. Contracts that contain multiple performance obligations require an allocation of the transaction price to each performance obligation based on a relative stand-alone selling price (“SSP”). The determination of a SSP for each distinct performance obligation requires judgment. The Company determines SSP for performance obligations based on overall pricing objectives, which take into consideration market conditions and customer-specific factors, including a review of internal discounting tables, the type of services being sold, and other factors. The estimate of standalone selling price is based on historical sales of standalone services. The Company estimates standalone selling price for arrangements where standalone sales do not provide sufficient evidence of standalone selling price. The Company believes the use of its estimation approach and allocation of the transaction price on a relative SSP basis to each performance obligation results in revenue recognition in a manner consistent with the underlying economics of the transaction and the allocation principle included in ASC 606.
5) Recognize revenue when or as the Company satisfies a performance obligation
Revenue is recognized when or as control of the promised goods or service is transferred to the customer, in an amount that reflects the consideration that the Company expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services. Subscriptions represent a series of distinct goods or services because the performance obligations are satisfied over time as customers simultaneously receive and consume the benefits related to the services as the Company performs. In the case of module specific subscriptions, a consistent level of service is provided during each monthly period the sponsored content is available on the Company’s platform. The Company commences revenue recognition when the first content is launched on the platform for the initial monthly period and revenue is recognized over time as each subsequent content period is delivered. The Company’s obligation for its integrated subscriptions is to stand-ready throughout the subscription period; therefore, the Company considers an output method of time to measure progress towards satisfaction of its obligations with revenue commencing upon the beginning of the subscription period.
The Company treats Hiring Solutions subscriptions as a single performance obligation that represents a series of distinct performance obligations that is satisfied over time. Revenue recognition commences when the customer receives access to the services.
Other revenue consists of fees earned from the temporary staffing and permanent placement of healthcare professionals resulting from the acquisition of Curative on April 1, 2020. Revenue is recognized when control of these services is transferred to the Company’s customers, in an amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to be entitled to in exchange for those services.
Revenue Disaggregation
Revenue consisted of the following (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended March 31,
|
|
2019
|
|
2020
|
|
2021
|
Subscription
|
$
|
85,695
|
|
|
$
|
116,388
|
|
|
$
|
192,256
|
|
Other
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
14,641
|
|
Total revenue
|
$
|
85,695
|
|
|
$
|
116,388
|
|
|
$
|
206,897
|
|
Contract Balances
Timing of revenue recognition may differ from the timing of invoicing to customers. A majority of Customers are invoiced throughout the contract while others are billed upfront. The Company’s contracts do not contain significant financing components.
The Company records unbilled revenue when revenue is recognized in amounts for which it is contractually entitled but exceeds the amounts the Company has a right to bill as of the end of the period. The Company records unbilled revenue on the consolidated balance sheets within prepaid expenses and other current assets. The Company’s unbilled revenue balances were $0.2 million and $0.7 million as of March 31, 2020 and 2021 respectively.
|
|
|
DOXIMITY, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
|
Deferred revenue consists of non-cancelable customer billings or payments received in advance of revenue recognition. Deferred revenue balances are generally expected to be recognized within 12 months.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
As of March 31,
|
|
2020
|
|
2021
|
Beginning balance
|
$
|
31,657
|
|
|
$
|
44,586
|
|
Additions during the period
|
129,317
|
|
|
245,803
|
|
Revenue recognized from the beginning balance
|
(29,508)
|
|
|
(43,054)
|
|
Revenue recognized from contracts invoiced during the period
|
(86,880)
|
|
|
(163,843)
|
|
Ending balance
|
$
|
44,586
|
|
|
$
|
83,492
|
|
Cash and Cash Equivalents
The Company considers all highly liquid investments with maturities of three months or less at the time of acquisition to be cash equivalents. The Company maintains the majority of its cash balances with commercial banks in interest bearing accounts, which exceed the FDIC insured limits. Cash and cash equivalents include cash held in checking and savings accounts, and investments in commercial paper, corporate notes and bonds, money market funds, and certificates of deposit. The carrying amount of its cash equivalents approximates their fair value due to the short maturities of these instruments.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Available-for-sale debt securities are recorded at fair value on the consolidated balance sheets. The carrying value of cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable, and accrued liabilities approximate their respective fair values due to their short maturities.
Marketable Securities
Marketable securities are classified as held-to-maturity when the Company has the intent and ability to hold the securities to maturity. Held-to-maturity securities owned by the Company prior to and including March 31, 2020, were stated at amortized cost and were periodically assessed for impairment. Amortized costs of marketable debt securities were adjusted for amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts to maturity, and these adjustments were included in interest income. Marketable debt securities that the Company may sell prior to maturity in response to changes in the Company's investment strategy, liquidity needs, or for other reasons are classified as available-for-sale. During the year ended March 31, 2021, the Company changed its investment strategy to allow for more flexibility in updating its investments portfolio and allowed all of its held-to-maturity securities to mature. The Company subsequently purchased new securities, which were classified as available-for-sale. The Company's portfolio as of March 31, 2021 includes only available-for-sale securities. Available-for-sale securities are stated at fair value as of each balance sheet date and are periodically assessed for impairment. Unrealized gains and losses for available-for-sale securities are included in accumulated other comprehensive income, a component of stockholders’ equity (deficit) on the consolidated balance sheets. For the Company's available-for-sale securities, an investment is impaired if the fair value of the investment is less than its amortized cost basis. In assessing whether a credit loss exists, the Company compares the present value of cash flows expected to be collected from the security with the amortized cost basis of the security. If the present value of expected cash flows is less than the amortized cost basis of the security, an allowance for credit losses is recorded as a component of other income (expense), net. Any remaining unrealized losses are recorded to other comprehensive income (loss). The Company determines any realized gains or losses on the sale of marketable securities on a specific identification method and records such gains and losses as a component of other income (expense), net. Amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts are included in interest income.
The Company’s marketable securities are available for use in current operations, even if the security matures beyond 12 months. The Company classifies its marketable securities as current assets on the consolidated balance sheets.
|
|
|
DOXIMITY, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
|
If the Company has the intent to sell an available-for-sale security in an unrealized loss position or it is more likely than not that it will be required to sell the security prior to recovery of its amortized cost basis, any previously recorded allowance is reversed and the entire difference between the amortized cost basis of the security and its fair value is recognized in other income (expense), net in the consolidated statements of operations.
Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts
Accounts receivable are recorded and carried at the original invoiced amount less an allowance for any potential uncollectible amounts. The Company estimates its allowance for doubtful accounts by evaluating the Company’s ability to collect outstanding receivable balances. The Company considers various factors including the age of the balance, the creditworthiness of the customer, which is assessed based on ongoing credit evaluations and payment history, and the customer’s current financial condition. The allowance for doubtful accounts was $1.0 million and $1.0 million as of March 31, 2020 and 2021, respectively. The Company had no material bad debt write offs for the years ending March 31, 2019, 2020, and 2021.
Property and Equipment
Property and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation and amortization expense is recorded on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the assets. The estimated useful life of each asset category is as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Furniture and fixtures
|
3 years
|
Computers
|
3 years
|
Software
|
3 years
|
Capitalized internal-use software
|
3 years
|
Leasehold improvements
|
Shorter of useful life or remaining lease term
|
When assets are retired or otherwise disposed of, the cost and accumulated depreciation and amortization are written off and any resulting gain or loss is reflected in the consolidated statement of operations in the period realized. Maintenance and repairs are charged to operations as incurred.
Internal-Use Software Development Costs
The Company accounts for the costs of computer software obtained or developed for internal use in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 350, Intangibles—Goodwill and Other. The Company capitalizes certain costs to develop its website, mobile applications and internal-use software when preliminary planning efforts are successfully completed, management has committed project resourcing, and it is probable that the project will be completed. These capitalized costs include personnel and related expenses for employees and costs of third-party contractors who are directly associated with and who devote time to internal-use software projects. Capitalization of these costs ceases once the project is substantially complete and the software is ready for its intended use. Such costs are amortized to cost of revenue over their estimated useful life, which is generally three years. Costs incurred prior to meeting these criteria, as well as costs incurred for training, maintenance, and minor modifications or enhancements, are expensed as incurred. Management evaluates the useful lives of these assets on an annual basis and tests for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances occur that could impact the recoverability of these assets.
During the years ended March 31, 2019, 2020, and 2021, the Company capitalized $1.1 million, $4.1 million, and $4.6 million, respectively, of internal-use software development costs, and amortized $0.4 million, $0.7 million, and $2.2 million, respectively, to cost of revenue. The capitalized amounts are included in property and equipment, net on the consolidated balance sheets.
Business Combinations
The Company applies a screen test to evaluate if substantially all of the fair value of the gross assets acquired is concentrated in a single identifiable asset or group of similar identifiable assets to determine whether a transaction is accounted for as an asset acquisition or business combination. When the Company acquires a business, the purchase
|
|
|
DOXIMITY, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
|
consideration is allocated to the tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed at their estimated fair values on the acquisition date. The excess of the fair value of purchase consideration over the values of these identifiable assets and liabilities is recorded as goodwill. When determining the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed, management makes significant estimates and assumptions, particularly with respect to the valuation of intangible assets. Acquisition costs, such as legal and consulting fees, are expensed as incurred.
Goodwill, Intangible Assets, and Long-Lived Assets
Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of the net tangible and intangible assets acquired in a business combination. Goodwill is not amortized, but is tested for impairment at least annually or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the asset may be impaired. The Company has one reporting unit and evaluates goodwill for impairment at the entity level. If the carrying value of the reporting unit exceeds its fair value, an impairment charge is recognized for the excess of the carrying value of the reporting unit over its fair value. The Company performs its annual impairment test of goodwill in its fourth fiscal quarter and whenever events or circumstances indicate that the asset might be impaired. The Company completed its annual impairment test in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2021. No impairment of goodwill was recorded during the year ended March 31, 2021.
Intangible assets consist of customer relationships and a website domain name and are stated at cost less accumulated amortization. Intangible assets are amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated remaining economic lives. Amortization expense related to customer relationships and website domain names is included in sales and marketing expense.
Management evaluates the recoverability of the Company’s property and equipment, and intangible assets, when events or changes in circumstances indicate a potential impairment exists. Events and changes in circumstances considered by the Company in determining whether the carrying value of long-lived assets may not be recoverable include but are not limited to significant changes in performance relative to expected operating results, significant changes in the use of the assets, significant negative industry or economic trends, and changes in the Company’s business strategy. Impairment testing is performed at an asset level that represents the lowest level for which identifiable cash flows are largely independent of the cash flows of other assets and liabilities (an “asset group”). In determining if impairment exists, the Company estimates the undiscounted cash flows to be generated from the use and ultimate disposition of the asset group. If impairment is indicated based on a comparison of the assets’ carrying values and the undiscounted cash flows, the impairment loss is measured as the amount by which the carrying amount of the assets exceeds the fair value of the assets. No impairment was recognized during the years ended March 31, 2019, 2020, and 2021.
Deferred Contract Costs
The Company capitalizes sales commissions that are considered to be incremental and recoverable costs of obtaining a contract with a customer.
Sales commissions earned for the renewal of Marketing Solutions contracts are commensurate with commissions earned for a new or expansion Marketing Solutions contract, whereas commissions earned for the renewal of Hiring Solutions subscription contracts are at a lower rate than for new and expansion Hiring Solutions subscription contracts. Deferred commissions for Marketing Solutions contracts and for Hiring Solutions renewal contracts are recorded in deferred contract costs and amortized over the weighted-average contractual term of ten months. Sales commissions tied to new and expansion Hiring Solutions contracts are recorded in deferred contract costs and amortized on a straight-line basis over a longer period of benefit. Based on the nature of the Company’s technology and services, the rate at which the Company continually enhances and updates its technology, and its historical customer retention, the expected period of benefit for new and expansion Hiring Solutions contracts is determined to be four years. Certain sales commissions that are not considered incremental costs are expensed in the same period as they are earned. Amortized costs are included in sales and marketing expense in the consolidated statements of operations.
The Company capitalized $5.2 million, $5.7 million, and $9.4 million of contract acquisition costs for the years ended March 31, 2019, 2020, and 2021, respectively. Amortization of deferred contract costs was $5.1 million, $5.1
|
|
|
DOXIMITY, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
|
million, and $6.9 million for the years ended March 31, 2020 and 2021, respectively. Amounts expected to be recognized within one year of the balance sheet date are recorded as deferred contract costs, current and the remaining portion is recorded as deferred contract costs, non-current, on the consolidated balance sheets. Deferred contract costs are periodically analyzed for impairment. There were no impairment losses relating to deferred contract costs during the years ended March 31, 2019, 2020, and 2021.
Cost of Revenue
Cost of revenue consists primarily of expenses related to cloud hosting, personnel-related expenses for the Company’s customer success team, costs for third-party software services and contractors, and other services used in connection with delivery and support of the Company’s platform. Cost of revenue also includes the amortization of capitalized internal-use software development costs, editorial and other content-related expenses, and allocated overhead.
Research and Development
Research and development expense consists primarily of personnel-related expenses associated with the Company’s engineering and product teams who are responsible for building new products as well as improving existing products. Research and development expense also includes costs for third-party services and contractors, information technology and software-related costs, and allocated overhead. Other than internal-use software development costs that qualify for capitalization, research and development costs are expensed as incurred.
Advertising Expenses
Advertising costs are expensed as incurred and are included in sales and marketing expense in the consolidated statements of operations. Advertising expense was $1.2 million, $2.0 million, and $2.6 million for the years ended March 31, 2019, 2020, and 2021, respectively.
Stock-Based Compensation
The Company accounts for stock-based awards granted to employees, directors, and non-employees based on the awards’ estimated grant-date fair value. The Company estimates the fair value of its stock options using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The resulting fair value, net of estimated forfeitures, is recognized on a straight-line basis over the period during which an employee is required to provide service in exchange for the award, which is generally four years. Estimated forfeitures are based upon the Company’s historical experience and the Company revises its estimates, if necessary, in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ from initial estimates.
Determining the fair value of stock-based awards at the grant date requires judgment. The determination of the grant-date fair value of options using an option-pricing model is affected by the Company’s estimated common stock fair value as well as assumptions regarding a number of other complex and subjective variables. These variables include the expected term of the options, the expected stock price volatility over the expected term of the options, risk-free interest rates, and expected dividends.
Fair value per share of the Company’s common stock—Due to the lack of public market for the Company’s common stock, the Company’s management, with the assistance of an independent third-party valuation firm, determined the common stock fair value at the time of the grant of stock options by considering a number of objective and subjective factors, including the Company’s actual operating and financial performance, market conditions and performance of comparable publicly traded companies, developments and milestones in the Company, the likelihood of achieving a liquidity event, and transactions involving the Company’s common stock, among other factors.
Risk-Free Interest Rate—The Company bases the risk-free interest rate used in the Black-Scholes option-pricing model on the implied yield available on U.S. Treasury zero-coupon issues with an equivalent expected term of the options for each option group.
|
|
|
DOXIMITY, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
|
Expected Volatility—The Company determines the expected volatility based on the historical volatilities of several publicly listed peer companies corresponding to the expected term of the awards, as the Company does not have trading history for its common stock.
Expected Term—For stock options, the Company estimates the expected term based on the simplified method, which is the weighted average of the vesting period and contractual term, as the Company’s historical share option exercise experience does not provide a reasonable basis upon which to estimate the expected term.
Expected Dividend Yield—The Company has not historically issued dividends and its current expectations are that it will not issue a dividend.
Leases
The Company adopted ASC 842, Leases, on April 1, 2019, using the modified retrospective transition method for leases that existed as of March 31, 2019 using the additional transition method described in ASU No. 2018-11, and recognized the cumulative effect of initially applying ASC 842 as an adjustment to the right-of-use assets and lease liabilities on its consolidated balance sheet on April 1, 2019 without retrospective application to comparative periods. Upon the adoption of the new standard, the Company recognized $4.2 million of operating lease right-of-use assets and $4.3 million of operating lease liabilities on the consolidated balance sheet.
The Company elected the practical expedients that allow it to carry forward its assessment on whether an arrangement is a lease or contains a lease, the historical lease classification, and the initial direct costs for any leases that expired or existed prior to the adoption of ASC 842. In addition, the Company elected the short-term lease exception and the practical expedient to account for lease components and non-lease components as a single lease component.
The Company determines if a contract is or contains a lease at inception. All the Company’s leases are operating leases. Leases are included in operating lease right-of-use assets, operating lease liabilities, current, and operating lease liabilities, non-current on the consolidated balance sheets. Operating lease right-of-use assets and lease liabilities are recognized at the lease commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term, discounted using the Company’s incremental borrowing rate. As none of the Company’s leases provide an implicit rate, the incremental borrowing rate used is estimated based on what the Company would be required to pay for a collateralized loan over a similar term as the lease. The Company amortizes the present value of each right-of-use asset on a straight-line basis over its remaining lease term.
See Note 7, Leases, for further details of the Company’s leases subsequent to the adoption of ASC 842.
Deferred Offering Costs
Deferred offering costs, which consist of direct incremental legal, consulting, banking, and accounting fees relating to the Company’s planned initial public offering, are capitalized and will be offset against proceeds upon the consummation of the offering. In the event the anticipated offering is terminated, deferred offering costs will be immediately expensed. As of March 31, 2020, the Company had not incurred such costs. As of March 31, 2021, the Company capitalized $2.3 million of deferred offering costs, which are included in other assets on the consolidated balance sheet.
Legal Contingencies
The Company may be subject to claims and other legal matters from time to time. The Company records a liability when it believes that it is both probable that a loss has been incurred and the amount can be reasonably estimated. When the Company believes that a loss is reasonably possible, it will disclose an estimate of the possible loss or range of loss. The Company expects to periodically evaluate developments in the legal matters that could affect the amount of liability that the Company accrues, if any, and adjust as appropriate. Until the final resolution of any such matter for which the Company may record a liability, there may be a loss exposure in excess of the liability recorded and such amount could be significant. Legal fees are expensed as incurred, other than deferred offering costs referred to above.
|
|
|
DOXIMITY, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
|
Income Taxes
The Company accounts for income taxes in accordance with ASC 740, Income Taxes. ASC 740 requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of temporary differences between the carrying amounts and the tax bases of assets and liabilities. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect of a change in tax rates on deferred tax assets and liabilities is recognized in the consolidated statements of operations in the period that includes the enactment date. A valuation allowance is recorded when it is more likely than not that some of the deferred tax assets will not be realized.
The Company recognizes the tax benefit from an uncertain tax position only if it is more likely than not that the tax position will be sustained on examination by the taxing authorities, based on the technical merits of the position. The tax benefits recognized in the consolidated financial statements from such positions are then measured based on the largest benefit that has a greater than 50% likelihood of being realized.
Net Income Per Share Attributable to Common Stockholders
Basic and diluted net income per share of common stock is presented in conformity with the two-class method required for participating securities. Holders of redeemable convertible preferred stock are each entitled to receive noncumulative dividends out of any funds legally available, when and if declared by the Company’s board of directors, payable prior and in preference to any dividends on any shares of common stock based on the proportion of common stock that would be held if all shares of redeemable convertible preferred stock were converted at the then-effective conversion rate.
Redeemable convertible preferred stock is therefore considered a participating security and is included in the computation of earnings per share under the two-class method. Holders of redeemable convertible preferred stock do not have a contractual obligation to share in the Company’s losses.
Under the two-class method, net income attributable to common stockholders is determined by allocating undistributed earnings, calculated as net income, less (i) current period redeemable convertible preferred stock noncumulative dividends and (ii) earnings attributable to participating securities.
Basic net income per share of common stock is computed by dividing the net income attributable to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period.
Diluted net income per share attributable to common stockholders is computed by dividing net income attributable to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of shares outstanding, including potentially dilutive shares of common stock assuming the dilutive effect of potential shares of common stock for the period determined using the treasury stock method. For purposes of this calculation, redeemable convertible preferred stock, redeemable convertible preferred stock warrants, common stock warrants, and unvested common stock are considered to be potentially dilutive shares of common stock. Redeemable convertible preferred stock and redeemable convertible preferred stock warrants have been excluded from the calculation as their effect is anti-dilutive for all periods presented as compared to the impact of using the two-class method.
Accounting Pronouncements Recently Adopted
In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842). ASC 842 supersedes the previous accounting guidance for leases included within ASC 840, Leases. The new guidance generally requires lessees to recognize operating and financial lease liabilities and corresponding right-of-use assets on the balance sheet and to provide enhanced disclosures on the amount, timing, and uncertainty of cash flows arising from lease arrangements. The Company adopted ASC 842 on April 1, 2019 using the modified retrospective transition method.
In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments. The new guidance replaces the current incurred loss
|
|
|
DOXIMITY, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
|
impairment approach with a methodology that incorporates all expected credit loss estimates, resulting in more timely recognition of losses. The Company adopted this guidance on April 1, 2019, and the guidance did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
In June 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-07, Compensation—Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to Non-employee Share-Based Payment Accounting. The new guidance aligns the measurement and classification guidance for stock-based payments to non-employees with the guidance for stock-based payments to employees, with certain exceptions. Under the guidance, the measurement of equity-classified non-employee awards is fixed at the grant date. The Company adopted this guidance on April 1, 2020, and the adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.
In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-13, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework—Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement, which modifies, removes, and adds certain disclosure requirements on fair value measurements. The Company adopted this guidance on April 1, 2020, and the adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.
In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-15, Intangibles—Goodwill and Other—Internal-Use Software (ASC 350-40): Customer’s Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement. This guidance evaluated such costs for capitalization using the same criteria as for internal-use software development costs, with amortization expense being recorded in the same income statement expense line as the hosted service costs and over the expected term of the hosting arrangement. The Company adopted this guidance on April 1, 2020, and the guidance did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted
In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-04, Intangibles—Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment, to simplify how entities assess goodwill for impairment by eliminating Step 2 from the goodwill impairment test. As amended, the goodwill impairment test consists of one step comparing the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount. An entity should recognize a goodwill impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the reporting unit’s fair value. This guidance is effective for the Company for its fiscal year beginning April 1, 2023, and the adoption of this guidance is not expected to have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements.
In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-12, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes, that simplifies the accounting for income taxes by removing certain exceptions to the general principles in such areas as intraperiod tax allocation, year-to-date losses in interim periods, and deferred tax liabilities related to outside basis differences. Amendments also include simplifications in other areas such as franchise taxes, step-up in tax basis goodwill, separate entity financial statements, and interim recognition of enactment of tax laws or rate changes. This guidance is effective for the Company for its fiscal year beginning April 1, 2022 and interim periods within its fiscal year beginning April 1, 2023. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the adoption of this guidance on its consolidated financial statements.
3. Investments and Fair Value Measurements
The Company accounts for fair value in accordance with ASC 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures. Valuation techniques used to ensure fair value under ASC 820 must maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. The Company uses a three-tier hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value as follows:
Level 1—Inputs that are unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities at the measurement date.
Level 2—Inputs (other than quoted prices included in Level 1) that are either directly or indirectly observable for the asset or liability through correlation with market data at the measurement date and for the duration of the instrument’s anticipated life.
|
|
|
DOXIMITY, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
|
Level 3—Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities and which reflect management’s best estimate of what market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability at the measurement date. Consideration is given to the risk inherent in the valuation technique and the risk inherent in the inputs to the model.
The Company’s redeemable convertible preferred stock warrant liability was recorded at fair value at initial recognition, determined using Level 3 inputs, which was determined based on the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The liability was subject to remeasurement at each balance sheet date, with changes in fair value recognized as a component of other income (expense), net in the consolidated statements of operations until the warrants were exercised. This model takes into account the contract terms as well as multiple inputs, such as the Company’s common stock price, risk-free interest rates, and expected volatility. For details on the Company’s preferred stock warrants, refer to Note 8, Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock.
A reconciliation for the year ended March 31, 2020 of the redeemable convertible preferred stock warrant liability measured and recorded at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs is as follows (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance—beginning of year
|
$
|
46
|
|
Exercise of warrants
|
(46)
|
|
Balance—end of year
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
DOXIMITY, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
|
The following tables present the fair value hierarchy of assets (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
As of March 31, 2020
|
|
Level 1
|
|
Level 2
|
|
Level 3
|
|
Total
|
Cash equivalents:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Money market funds
|
$
|
4,585
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
4,585
|
|
Tri-party repurchase agreements
|
—
|
|
|
5,016
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
5,016
|
|
U.S. government and agency securities
|
1,000
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
1,000
|
|
Total cash equivalents
|
5,585
|
|
|
5,016
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
10,601
|
|
Marketable securities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
U.S. government and agency securities
|
32,768
|
|
|
5,560
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
38,328
|
|
Total marketable securities
|
32,768
|
|
|
5,560
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
38,328
|
|
Total cash equivalents and marketable securities
|
$
|
38,353
|
|
|
$
|
10,576
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
48,929
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
As of March 31, 2021
|
|
Level 1
|
|
Level 2
|
|
Level 3
|
|
Total
|
Cash equivalents:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Commercial paper
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
2,290
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
2,290
|
|
Corporate notes and bonds
|
—
|
|
|
3,516
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
3,516
|
|
Money market funds
|
9,838
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
9,838
|
|
Certificates of deposit
|
—
|
|
|
1,301
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
1,301
|
|
Total cash equivalents
|
9,838
|
|
|
7,107
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
16,945
|
|
Marketable securities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Asset-backed securities
|
—
|
|
|
3,263
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
3,263
|
|
Certificates of deposit
|
—
|
|
|
4,868
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
4,868
|
|
Commercial paper
|
—
|
|
|
16,412
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
16,412
|
|
Corporate notes and bonds
|
—
|
|
|
46,641
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
46,641
|
|
Sovereign bonds
|
—
|
|
|
1,099
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
1,099
|
|
U.S. government and agency securities
|
3,858
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
3,858
|
|
Total marketable securities
|
3,858
|
|
|
72,283
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
76,141
|
|
Total cash equivalents and marketable securities
|
$
|
13,696
|
|
|
$
|
79,390
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
93,086
|
|
The carrying values of accounts receivable and accounts payable approximate fair value due to their relatively short maturities.
|
|
|
DOXIMITY, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
|
During the years ended March 31, 2019, 2020, and 2021, the Company had no transfers between levels of the fair value hierarchy.
The cost, gross unrealized gains and losses, and fair value of investments as of March 31, 2020 were as follows (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cost or
Amortized
Cost
|
|
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
|
|
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
|
|
Accrued
Interest
|
|
Fair Value
|
Cash equivalents:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Money market funds
|
$
|
4,585
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
4,585
|
|
Tri-party repurchase agreements
|
5,000
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
16
|
|
|
5,016
|
|
U.S. government and agency securities
|
1,000
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
1,000
|
|
Total cash equivalents
|
10,585
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
16
|
|
|
10,601
|
|
Marketable securities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
U.S. government and agency securities
|
38,016
|
|
|
168
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
144
|
|
|
38,328
|
|
Total marketable securities
|
38,016
|
|
|
168
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
144
|
|
|
38,328
|
|
Total cash equivalents and marketable securities
|
$
|
48,601
|
|
|
$
|
168
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
160
|
|
|
$
|
48,929
|
|
The contractual maturities of the Company’s held-to-maturity debt securities as of March 31, 2020 were as follows (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cost or
Amortized
Cost
|
|
Fair Value
|
Held-to-maturity securities—due in one year or less
|
$
|
48,601
|
|
|
$
|
48,929
|
|
Total held-to-maturity securities
|
$
|
48,601
|
|
|
$
|
48,929
|
|
|
|
|
DOXIMITY, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
|
During the year ended March 31, 2021, the Company changed its investment strategy to allow for more flexibility and allowed all of its held-to-maturity securities to mature. The company subsequently purchased new securities, which were classified as available-for-sale.
The cost, gross unrealized gains and losses, and fair value of investments as of March 31, 2021 are as follows (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cost or
Amortized
Cost
|
|
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
|
|
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
|
|
Accrued
Interest
|
|
Fair Value
|
Cash equivalents:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Commercial paper
|
$
|
2,290
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
2,290
|
|
Corporate notes and bonds
|
3,486
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(1)
|
|
|
31
|
|
|
3,516
|
|
Money market funds
|
9,838
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
9,838
|
|
Certificates of deposit
|
1,300
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
1,301
|
|
Total cash equivalents
|
16,914
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(1)
|
|
|
32
|
|
|
16,945
|
|
Marketable securities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Asset-backed securities
|
3,256
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(1)
|
|
|
8
|
|
|
3,263
|
|
Certificates of deposit
|
4,866
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
4,868
|
|
Commercial paper
|
16,411
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
16,412
|
|
Corporate notes and bonds
|
46,409
|
|
|
3
|
|
|
(24)
|
|
|
253
|
|
|
46,641
|
|
Sovereign bonds
|
1,096
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(1)
|
|
|
4
|
|
|
1,099
|
|
U.S. government and agency securities
|
3,850
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
7
|
|
|
3,858
|
|
Total marketable securities
|
75,888
|
|
|
6
|
|
|
(26)
|
|
|
273
|
|
|
76,141
|
|
Total cash equivalents and marketable securities
|
$
|
92,802
|
|
|
$
|
6
|
|
|
$
|
(27)
|
|
|
$
|
305
|
|
|
$
|
93,086
|
|
As of March 31, 2021, the contractual maturities of the Company’s available-for-sale debt securities were as follows (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fair Value
|
Due within one year
|
$
|
72,307
|
|
Due in one year to three years
|
20,779
|
|
Total
|
$
|
93,086
|
|
The unrealized losses associated with the Company’s debt securities were not material as of March 31, 2020 and 2021. The Company did not recognize any credit losses related to the Company’s debt securities during the years ended March 31, 2019, 2020, and 2021.
The Company had no marketable equity securities during the years ended March 31, 2019, 2020, and 2021.
|
|
|
DOXIMITY, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
|
4. Property and Equipment, Net
Property and equipment, net consisted of the following (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
As of March 31,
|
|
|
|
2020
|
|
2021
|
Furniture and fixtures
|
|
|
$
|
198
|
|
|
$
|
299
|
|
Computers
|
|
|
301
|
|
|
704
|
|
Leasehold improvements
|
|
|
295
|
|
|
549
|
|
Capitalized internal-use software
|
|
|
6,348
|
|
|
10,908
|
|
Total property and equipment
|
|
|
7,142
|
|
|
12,460
|
|
Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization
|
|
|
(2,248)
|
|
|
(4,862)
|
|
Total property and equipment, net
|
|
|
$
|
4,894
|
|
|
$
|
7,598
|
|
Depreciation and amortization expense on property and equipment for the years ended March 31, 2019, 2020, and 2021 was $0.6 million, $0.9 million, and $2.6 million, respectively.
5. Accrued Expenses
Accrued expenses consisted of the following (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
As of March 31,
|
|
|
|
2020
|
|
2021
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accrued commissions
|
|
|
$
|
3,350
|
|
|
$
|
5,864
|
|
Accrued payroll, bonus, and related expenses
|
|
|
1,470
|
|
|
5,006
|
|
Other accrued expenses
|
|
|
2,937
|
|
|
5,415
|
|
Total accrued expenses
|
|
|
$
|
7,757
|
|
|
$
|
16,285
|
|
6. Business Combinations, Intangible Assets, and Goodwill
Curative Talent Acquisition
On April 1, 2020, the Company completed the acquisition of THMED, LLC (subsequently renamed Curative Talent, LLC, “Curative Talent” or “Curative”), which was accounted for as a business combination. Curative provides temporary and permanent healthcare staffing services to hospitals, medical groups, and other healthcare facilities across the United States. The acquisition-date fair value of the consideration transferred was $34.7 million, consisting of $33.6 million in cash and 689,656 shares of common stock valued at $1.1 million.
|
|
|
DOXIMITY, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
|
The purchase consideration was allocated to the tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their estimated fair values as of the acquisition date, with the excess recorded to goodwill as shown below. The purchase consideration allocation was as follows (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Assets acquired:
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents
|
$
|
1,972
|
|
|
|
Accounts receivable
|
4,075
|
|
|
|
Other assets
|
1,503
|
|
|
|
Customer relationships
|
10,280
|
|
|
|
Total assets acquired
|
$
|
17,830
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Liabilities assumed:
|
|
|
|
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities
|
$
|
2,030
|
|
|
|
Net assets acquired, excluding goodwill
|
15,800
|
|
|
|
Goodwill
|
$
|
18,915
|
|
|
|
Total purchase consideration
|
$
|
34,715
|
|
|
|
Goodwill represents the excess of purchase price over future economic benefits arising from other assets that could not be individually identified and separately recognized, such as the acquired assembled workforce of Curative. In addition, goodwill represents the future benefits as a result of the acquisition that will enhance the Company’s product available to both new and existing customers and increase the Company’s competitive position. The goodwill is deductible for income tax purposes.
The Company’s acquisition-related costs were $1.2 million and were recorded as general and administrative expense in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations during the year ended March 31, 2020. Acquisition related expenses incurred during the year ended March 31, 2021 were not material.
Intangible assets acquired are comprised of customer relationships with an estimated useful life of 10 years. The fair value assigned to the customer relationship was determined primarily using the multiple period excess earnings method cost approach, which estimates the direct cash flows expected to be generated from the existing customers acquired. The results of operations of this business combination have been included in the Company’s consolidated financial statements from the acquisition date.
The following unaudited pro forma summary of operations presents the combined results of operations as if the Curative Talent acquisition had been completed on April 1, 2019, the beginning of the comparable prior reporting period. In addition to including the results of operations of this acquisition, the pro forma information gives effect to the following: (i) the amortization of the acquired intangible assets, (ii) adjustments for acquisition-related costs and (iii) the associated tax impact of these unaudited pro forma adjustments. The pro forma information presented below is not necessarily indicative of what the Company's consolidated results actually would have been if the acquisition had been completed on April 1, 2019. In addition, the unaudited pro forma information does not attempt to project the Company's future results. The unaudited pro forma results are as follows (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended March 31, 2020
|
|
(unaudited)
|
|
|
Revenue
|
$
|
136,248
|
|
|
|
Net income
|
$
|
27,985
|
|
|
|
In October 2020, the Company sold a portion of Curative Talent’s business for total consideration of $4.7 million, of which $4.2 million has been received in cash and the remaining $0.5 million was held in escrow, subject to standard representations and warranties. The net assets of this business were not material. The Company recognized a gain on sale for the total consideration during the year ended March 31, 2021 as a result of this sale.
|
|
|
DOXIMITY, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
|
Intangible Assets
Intangible assets, net consisted of the following (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
As of March 31,
|
|
|
|
2020
|
|
2021
|
Customer relationships
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
10,280
|
|
Domain names
|
|
|
425
|
|
|
436
|
|
Total intangible assets
|
|
|
425
|
|
|
10,716
|
|
Less: accumulated amortization
|
|
|
(32)
|
|
|
(1,120)
|
|
Total intangible assets, net
|
|
|
$
|
393
|
|
|
$
|
9,596
|
|
Amortization expense for intangible assets was not material for the years ended March 31, 2019 and 2020. Amortization expense for intangible assets was $1.1 million for the year ended March 31, 2021.
As of March 31, 2021, future amortization expense is as follows (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ending March 31,
|
|
Amount
|
2022
|
|
$
|
1,059
|
|
2023
|
|
1,059
|
|
2024
|
|
1,059
|
|
2025
|
|
1,059
|
|
2026
|
|
1,059
|
|
Thereafter
|
|
4,301
|
|
Total future amortization expense
|
|
$
|
9,596
|
|
Goodwill
The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill were as follows (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Amount
|
Balance as of March 31, 2020
|
$
|
—
|
|
Additions
|
18,915
|
|
Balance as of March 31, 2021
|
$
|
18,915
|
|
7. Leases
The Company has entered into non-cancelable operating leases for the rental of office space, corporate housing, and laptops.
The Company’s San Francisco, California corporate office lease ends on May 31, 2021, which the Company extended for limited-use purposes through January 2022. The Company also rents office space in Dallas, Texas and in Mission Viejo, California under lease agreements that end on May 31, 2022 and May 31, 2023, respectively. Under the terms of its lease agreements, the Company is also responsible for certain insurance, property tax, and maintenance expenses.
|
|
|
DOXIMITY, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
|
The components of lease expense were as follows (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended March 31,
|
|
2020
|
|
2021
|
Operating lease cost
|
$
|
2,010
|
|
|
$
|
2,372
|
|
Variable lease cost
|
—
|
|
|
143
|
|
Total lease cost
|
$
|
2,010
|
|
|
$
|
2,515
|
|
Rent expense for the year ended March 31, 2019, under ASC 840, Leases, was $1.8 million. The terms of certain lease agreements provide for increasing rental payments; however, the Company recognizes rent expense on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease.
Other information related to leases was as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended March 31,
|
|
2020
|
|
2021
|
Supplemental cash flow information:
|
|
|
|
Cash paid for amounts included in measurement of lease liabilities—Operating cash flows
|
$
|
2,069
|
|
|
$
|
2,569
|
|
Operating lease right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities
|
4,217
|
|
|
1,521
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended March 31,
|
|
2020
|
|
2021
|
Supplemental balance sheet information:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted-average remaining lease term (in years)
|
1.15
|
|
|
|
1.37
|
|
|
Weighted-average discount rate
|
1.75
|
|
%
|
|
3.95
|
|
%
|
Maturities of lease liabilities as of March 31, 2021 were as follows (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
Years Ending March 31,
|
Operating
Leases
|
2022
|
$
|
997
|
2023
|
260
|
2024
|
29
|
Total future lease payments
|
1,286
|
Less: imputed interest
|
(32)
|
Present value of lease liabilities
|
1,254
|
Less: current obligations under leases
|
(970)
|
Non-current lease obligations
|
$
|
284
|
8. Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock
The Company has three outstanding series of redeemable convertible preferred stock, each with a par value of $0.001 per share.
|
|
|
DOXIMITY, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
|
A summary of the redeemable convertible preferred stock outstanding and other related information is as follows (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
As of March 31, 2020 and 2021
|
Series
|
Shares
Authorized
|
|
Shares
Issued and
Outstanding
|
|
Carrying
Value
|
|
Liquidation
Preference
|
A
|
27,636
|
|
|
27,636
|
|
|
$
|
10,677
|
|
|
$
|
10,756
|
|
B
|
26,314
|
|
|
26,314
|
|
|
17,014
|
|
|
17,075
|
|
C
|
22,400
|
|
|
22,337
|
|
|
53,767
|
|
|
53,841
|
|
Total
|
76,350
|
|
|
76,287
|
|
|
$
|
81,458
|
|
|
$
|
81,672
|
|
The rights, preferences, privileges, restrictions, and other matters relating to the redeemable convertible preferred stock are summarized as follows:
Liquidation Preference—In the event of any liquidation event, either voluntary or involuntary, the holders of Series A, Series B, and Series C redeemable convertible preferred stock are entitled to receive, in priority and preference to common stockholders’ liquidation preference, $0.3892, $0.6488925 and $2.4104 per share, respectively.
After payment has been made to the holders of the redeemable convertible preferred stock of their full respective preferential amounts, all of the remaining assets of the Company shall be distributed on a pro rata basis among the holders of common stock.
Redemption—The redeemable convertible preferred stock has been classified as mezzanine equity on the consolidated balance sheets. The redeemable convertible preferred stock is not mandatorily redeemable; however, upon the event of a voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution, change in control, or winding up of the Company, holders of the redeemable convertible preferred stock may have the right to receive their liquidation preference under the terms of the preferred stockholder agreements. Accordingly, the preferred stockholders are entitled to redemption features that are not solely within the control of the Company.
Dividends—The holders of Series A, Series B, and Series C redeemable convertible preferred stock are entitled to receive noncumulative dividends at the per annum rate of $0.03115, $0.0519, and $0.19285 per share, respectively, in preference and priority to any common stockholder, when and if declared by the board of directors. If, after such dividends above have been paid or set apart for payment in any fiscal year, the board of directors declares additional dividends out of funds legally available, then such additional dividends will be set aside or paid among the holders of the redeemable convertible preferred stock and common stock on a pro-rata basis. No dividends on redeemable convertible preferred stock or common stock have been declared by the board of directors from inception through March 31, 2021.
Voting—The holders of redeemable convertible preferred stock shall have the same voting rights as the holders of common stock. The holders of common stock and redeemable convertible preferred stock shall vote together as a single class. Each holder of common stock shall be entitled to one vote for each share of common stock held and each holder of redeemable convertible preferred stock shall be entitled to the number of votes equal to the number of shares of common stock into which such shares of redeemable convertible preferred stock could then be converted. So long as at least 2,000,000 shares of redeemable convertible preferred stock remain outstanding, the holders of redeemable convertible preferred stock shall be entitled to elect two members of the board of directors. The holders of a majority of the common stock shall be entitled to elect two members of the board of directors. Any additional member of the board of directors shall be elected by the holders of a majority of the then outstanding redeemable convertible preferred stock and common stock, each voting as separate classes (and, with respected to redeemable convertible preferred stock, on an as-converted basis).
Conversion—Each share of redeemable convertible preferred stock is convertible to common stock at the option of the holder. Such conversion is determined by dividing the original issue price by the then effective conversion price (adjusted for any stock dividends, combinations, or splits with respect to such shares).
|
|
|
DOXIMITY, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
|
Each share of redeemable convertible preferred stock shall automatically be converted into shares of common stock at the conversion rate at the time in effect for such series of redeemable convertible preferred stock immediately upon the earlier of (i) the Company’s sale of its common stock in a firm commitment underwritten public offering pursuant to a registration statement under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, with a price per share of at least $2.41 (adjusted for any stock dividends, combinations, or splits with respect to such shares) and an aggregate offering price of at least $50 million or (ii) the date specified by written consent or agreement of the majority of the holders of redeemable convertible preferred stock, voting together as a single class on an as-converted basis.
Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock Warrants—In August 2012, the Company issued warrants to purchase 38,332 shares of Series B redeemable convertible preferred stock at an exercise price of $0.65 per share. The warrants were issued to investors in connection with the Series B redeemable convertible preferred stock warrants financing. The fair value of the warrants at issuance was $14,000 based on the Black-Scholes option-pricing model using the assumptions of dividend yield of 0%, volatility of 55%, risk-free interest rate of 1.13%, and contractual life of seven years. The warrants were exercised during the year ended March 31, 2020.
9. Common Stock
The Company has shares of common stock reserved for issuance as follows (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
March 31,
|
|
|
|
2020
|
|
2021
|
Redeemable convertible preferred stock
|
|
|
76,287
|
|
|
76,287
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Common stock warrants
|
|
|
250
|
|
|
250
|
|
Options outstanding under the Plan (as defined in Note 10)
|
|
|
26,986
|
|
|
33,856
|
|
Options outstanding outside the Plan (as defined in Note 10)
|
|
|
4,682
|
|
|
2,720
|
|
Options available for future grant under the Plan (as defined in Note 10)
|
|
|
2,286
|
|
|
1,550
|
|
Total
|
|
|
110,491
|
|
|
114,663
|
|
Each share of common stock is entitled to one vote. The holders of common stock are also entitled to receive dividends whenever funds are legally available and when declared by the board of directors, subject to the priority rights of holders of all classes of redeemable convertible preferred stock outstanding.
Common Stock Warrants—In March 2017, the Company issued warrants to purchase 250,000 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $0.72 per share in connection with a contract signed between the Company and U.S. News & World Report, L.P. The warrants vest on a monthly basis over a 5-year term starting on March 1, 2017. The Company recognizes the fair value of the warrants as stock-based compensation expense and additional paid-in capital over the vesting term of the warrants.
10. Stock Option Plan
In April 2010, the Company’s board of directors and stockholders approved the adoption of the 2010 Equity Incentive Plan (the “Plan”). As of March 31, 2020 and 2021, a total of 53,903,816 and 71,966,690 shares of common stock were authorized for issuance under the Plan, respectively. The Plan provides for the granting of incentive stock options, nonstatutory stock options, restricted stock units, and restricted stock awards to employees, non-employee directors, and consultants of the Company. Options may be granted at a price per share not less than 100% of the fair market value at date of grant. If the incentive stock option is granted to a 10% stockholder, then the purchase or exercise price per share shall not be less than 110% of the fair market value per share of common stock on the grant date. Options granted under the Plan continue to vest until the last day of employment and generally vest over four years and expire 10 years from the date of grant. Stock awards may also be granted for services performed by external consultants and vest according to an award-specific schedule as approved by the board of directors.
|
|
|
DOXIMITY, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
|
The Company grants stock options under terms of the Plan, as well as options outside of the Plan as approved by the board of directors. The Company granted 4,682,582 options during the year ended March 31, 2018 outside of the Plan, of which 1,963,332 options were exercised during the year ended March 31, 2021. As of March 31, 2021, 2,719,250 options issued outside of the Plan were outstanding.
Stock option activities within the Plan as well as outside of the Plan were as follows (in thousands, except per share information):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Shares
Available for Grant
|
|
Number of Shares
|
|
Weighted-
Average
Exercise
Price
|
|
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Term
(in years)
|
|
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance, March 31, 2019
|
2,998
|
|
|
33,996
|
|
|
$
|
0.69
|
|
|
7.41
|
|
$
|
27,460
|
|
Granted
|
(2,412)
|
|
|
2,412
|
|
|
1.58
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercised
|
—
|
|
|
(3,040)
|
|
|
0.56
|
|
|
|
|
|
Forfeited or expired
|
1,700
|
|
|
(1,700)
|
|
|
0.85
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance, March 31, 2020
|
2,286
|
|
|
31,668
|
|
|
0.76
|
|
|
6.67
|
|
24,931
|
|
Shares authorized
|
18,062
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Granted
|
(20,614)
|
|
|
20,614
|
|
|
4.37
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercised
|
—
|
|
|
(13,890)
|
|
|
0.64
|
|
|
|
|
|
Forfeited or expired
|
1,816
|
|
|
(1,816)
|
|
|
1.57
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance, March 31, 2021
|
1,550
|
|
|
36,576
|
|
|
2.80
|
|
|
7.86
|
|
357,366
|
|
Vested and exercisable as of March 31, 2021
|
|
|
12,428
|
|
|
0.84
|
|
|
5.64
|
|
145,755
|
|
Vested and expected to vest as of March 31, 2021
|
|
|
30,966
|
|
|
2.52
|
|
|
7.64
|
|
|
311,090
|
|
The intrinsic value of the stock options exercised is the difference between the fair value of the Company’s common stock and the exercise price for in-the-money options. The aggregate intrinsic value of options exercised during the years ended March 31, 2019, 2020, and 2021 was $2.2 million, $3.0 million, and $52.6 million, respectively.
The weighted-average grant-date fair value of options granted for the years ended March 31, 2019, 2020, and 2021 was $0.45, $0.77, and $3.18 respectively.
When options are exercised subject to a repurchase right, the Company may buy back any unvested shares at their original exercise price in the event of an employee’s termination prior to full vesting. As of March 31, 2020 and March 31, 2021, there were no shares subject to repurchase.
|
|
|
DOXIMITY, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
|
Stock-Based Compensation Expense
Total stock-based compensation expense recognized in the consolidated statement of operations for the years ended March 31, 2019, 2020, and 2021 was as follows (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended March 31,
|
|
2019
|
|
2020
|
|
2021
|
Cost of revenue
|
$
|
194
|
|
|
$
|
173
|
|
|
$
|
600
|
|
Research and development
|
765
|
|
|
710
|
|
|
1,975
|
|
Sales and marketing
|
801
|
|
|
847
|
|
|
1,998
|
|
General and administrative
|
583
|
|
|
623
|
|
|
2,679
|
|
Total stock-based compensation expense
|
$
|
2,343
|
|
|
$
|
2,353
|
|
|
$
|
7,252
|
|
The table above includes stock-based compensation expense for non-employees of $0.2 million, $0.2 million, and $0.6 million for the years ended March 31, 2019, 2020, and 2021.
As of March 31, 2021, unamortized compensation expense, net of estimated forfeitures, related to unvested stock options was $47.0 million, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 3.83 years.
The fair value of each option on the date of grant is determined using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the assumptions set forth in the following table:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended March 31,
|
|
2019
|
|
2020
|
|
2021
|
Employees
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fair value of common stock
|
$1.06 – $1.49
|
|
$1.58 – $1.91
|
|
$2.06 – $10.51
|
Volatility
|
38.1% – 39.9%
|
|
39.2% – 40.6%
|
|
38.1% – 58.3%
|
Risk-free interest rate
|
2.25% – 2.87%
|
|
1.39% – 2.19%
|
|
0.26% – 1.02%
|
Expected term (in years)
|
5.00 – 7.17
|
|
5.94 – 6.25
|
|
5.00 – 8.00
|
Expected dividend
|
—%
|
|
—%
|
|
—%
|
Non-employees
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fair value of common stock
|
$1.06 – $1.49
|
|
$1.58 – $1.91
|
|
$2.06 – $10.51
|
Expected volatility
|
40.8% – 41.6%
|
|
41.0% – 46.5%
|
|
38.1% – 57.8%
|
Risk-free interest rate
|
2.39% – 2.69%
|
|
0.68% – 2.36%
|
|
0.34% – 1.02%
|
Expected term (in years)
|
9.87 – 10.00
|
|
9.64 – 10.00
|
|
5.00 – 8.00
|
Expected dividend
|
—%
|
|
—%
|
|
—%
|
Performance-Based Awards
Performance-based awards may contain vesting criteria set by the Company’s management and board of directors that are subject to the satisfaction of one or more performance goals. The performance criteria that such goals for options granted during the year ended March 31, 2019 are based on any one of, or combination of, the following: (1) stock price following a liquidity event; (2) sales or revenue targets; and (3) any other measures of performance selected by the Company’s management and board of directors.
During the year ended March 31, 2019, the Company made three option grants for an aggregate of 616,000 shares of common stock with performance-based vesting conditions that are satisfied upon meeting certain revenue growth and sales targets. No performance-based awards were granted during the year ended March 31, 2020.
During the year ended March 31, 2021, the company granted two option grants for an aggregate of 780,000 shares of common stock with performance-based vesting conditions that are satisfied upon meeting certain revenue growth and sales targets. The Company recognizes the compensation expense only for those awards expected to
|
|
|
DOXIMITY, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
|
meet the performance vesting condition over the requisite service period. For the years ended March 31, 2019, 2020, and 2021, stock-based compensation expense recognized for performance-based awards was not material.
11. Commitments and Contingencies
Purchase Obligations
The following table includes obligations under certain non-cancelable agreements primarily for software subscription services, marketing services, and cloud infrastructure capacity commitments entered into by the Company as of March 31, 2021 (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ending March 31,
|
|
Amount
|
2022
|
|
$
|
7,673
|
|
2023
|
|
557
|
|
2024
|
|
—
|
|
Total
|
|
$
|
8,230
|
|
Refer to Note 7, Leases, for further details on obligations under non-cancelable operating leases, including future minimum lease payments.
Indemnification
The Company enters into indemnification provisions under agreements with other companies in the ordinary course of business, including, but not limited to, clients, business partners, landlords, and other parties involved in the performance of the Company’s services. Pursuant to these arrangements, the Company has agreed to indemnify, hold harmless, and reimburse the indemnified party for certain losses suffered or incurred by the indemnified party as a result of the Company’s activities. The terms of these indemnification agreements are generally perpetual. The maximum potential amount of future payments the Company could be required to make under these agreements is not determinable. The Company has never incurred costs to defend lawsuits or settle claims related to these indemnification agreements. The Company maintains commercial general liability insurance and product liability insurance that may offset certain of its potential liabilities under these indemnification provisions.
In addition, the Company has agreed to indemnify its officers and directors and certain key employees while they are serving in good faith in their respective capacities. To date, there have been no claims under these indemnification provisions.
Legal Matters
From time to time, the Company has become involved in claims and other legal matters arising in the ordinary course of business. The Company investigates these claims as they arise. Although claims are inherently unpredictable, the Company is currently not aware of any matters that, if determined adversely to the Company, would individually or taken together have a material effect on its results of operations, financial position, or cash flows.
The Company accrues estimates for resolution of legal and other contingencies when losses are probable and estimable.
Although the results of litigation and claims are inherently unpredictable, the Company has not recorded an accrual for such contingencies as it believes that there was not at least a reasonable possibility that the Company had incurred a material loss with respect to such loss contingencies as of March 31, 2020 and 2021.
|
|
|
DOXIMITY, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
|
12. Income Taxes
The components of income before income taxes were as follows (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended March 31,
|
|
2019
|
|
2020
|
|
2021
|
United States
|
$
|
7,931
|
|
|
$
|
23,514
|
|
|
$
|
57,769
|
|
Foreign
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
Income before income taxes
|
$
|
7,931
|
|
|
$
|
23,514
|
|
|
$
|
57,769
|
|
The Company’s provision for (benefit from) income taxes consisted of the following (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended March 31,
|
|
2019
|
|
2020
|
|
2021
|
Current provision:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Federal
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
1,302
|
|
State
|
—
|
|
|
876
|
|
|
1,270
|
|
Total
|
—
|
|
|
876
|
|
|
2,572
|
|
Deferred provision (benefit):
|
|
|
|
|
|
Federal
|
—
|
|
|
(6,458)
|
|
|
4,862
|
|
State
|
98
|
|
|
(641)
|
|
|
125
|
|
Total
|
98
|
|
|
(7,099)
|
|
|
4,987
|
|
Total provision for (benefit from) income taxes
|
$
|
98
|
|
|
$
|
(6,223)
|
|
|
$
|
7,559
|
|
The following is a reconciliation of the income tax expense at the federal statutory tax rate to the Company’s provision for (benefit from) income taxes (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended March 31,
|
|
2019
|
|
2020
|
|
2021
|
Income taxes at statutory rate
|
$
|
1,666
|
|
|
$
|
4,938
|
|
|
$
|
12,131
|
|
State income taxes—net of federal benefit
|
704
|
|
|
1,561
|
|
|
2,532
|
|
Research and development credits
|
(2,511)
|
|
|
(1,842)
|
|
|
(1,845)
|
|
Stock-based compensation
|
439
|
|
|
310
|
|
|
(5,796)
|
|
Change in valuation allowance
|
(330)
|
|
|
(11,995)
|
|
|
171
|
|
Other
|
130
|
|
|
805
|
|
|
366
|
|
Provision for (benefit from) income taxes
|
$
|
98
|
|
|
$
|
(6,223)
|
|
|
$
|
7,559
|
|
|
|
|
DOXIMITY, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
|
Components of deferred tax assets and liabilities were as follows (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
As of March 31,
|
|
|
|
2020
|
|
2021
|
Deferred tax assets:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accruals and deferred revenue
|
|
|
$
|
1,113
|
|
|
$
|
1,257
|
|
Net operating loss carryforwards
|
|
|
2,431
|
|
|
486
|
|
Research & development credit carryforwards
|
|
|
6,701
|
|
|
4,516
|
|
Operating lease liabilities
|
|
|
576
|
|
|
315
|
|
Acquisition and other related expense
|
|
|
292
|
|
|
271
|
|
Stock-based compensation expense
|
|
|
443
|
|
|
431
|
|
Gross deferred tax assets
|
|
|
11,556
|
|
|
7,276
|
|
Less: valuation allowance
|
|
|
(2,725)
|
|
|
(2,896)
|
|
Deferred tax assets, net of valuation allowance
|
|
|
8,831
|
|
|
4,380
|
|
Deferred tax liabilities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Property and equipment
|
|
|
(1,165)
|
|
|
(1,701)
|
|
Operating lease right-of-use assets
|
|
|
(559)
|
|
|
(336)
|
|
Intangible assets
|
|
|
(8)
|
|
|
(231)
|
|
Deferred tax liabilities
|
|
|
(1,732)
|
|
|
(2,268)
|
|
Net deferred tax assets
|
|
|
$
|
7,099
|
|
|
$
|
2,112
|
|
On March 27, 2020, the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security (“CARES”) Act was enacted and signed into law. The CARES Act did not have a material impact to the Company's consolidated financial statements.
The Company maintains a valuation allowance related to specific net deferred tax assets where it is not more likely than not that the deferred tax assets will be realized, which include California research and development credits. The Company concluded, based upon the preponderance of positive evidence (i.e., cumulative profit before tax adjusted for permanent items over the previous twelve quarters, a history of taxable income in recent periods, and the current forecast of income before taxes for the United States going forward) over negative evidence and the anticipated ability to use the deferred tax assets, that it was more likely than not that the deferred tax assets could be realized. If there are unfavorable changes to actual operating results or to projections of future income, the Company may determine that it is more likely than not such deferred tax assets may not be realizable.
The valuation allowance was $2.7 million and $2.9 million as of March 31, 2020 and 2021, respectively, relating to California research and development tax credits. The valuation allowance decreased by $12.0 million during the year ended March 31, 2020, primarily due to the release of $12.0 million of the valuation allowance related to the United States federal and all states’ deferred tax assets, with the exception of California research and development tax credits. The change in valuation allowance during the year ended March 31, 2021 was not material.
As of March 31, 2021, the Company had net operating loss (“NOL”) carryforwards for state tax purposes of $7.2 million and nil for federal tax purposes. Portions of the NOL carryforwards will expire at various dates beginning in the year 2029. As of March 31, 2021, the Company had research and development tax credit carryforwards for federal and state tax purposes of $3.4 million and $5.0 million, respectively. The federal research and development tax credit carryforwards will expire at various dates beginning in the year 2040. The state research and development tax credit carryforwards do not expire. Based on an assessment of our historical ownership changes through March 31, 2021, we do not anticipate a current limitation on the tax attributes.
As of March 31, 2020 and 2021, the Company had unrecognized tax benefits (“UTBs”) of $2.5 million and $3.2 million, respectively. If realized, $1.8 million would impact the effective tax rate while the remainder would reduce deferred tax assets subject to a full valuation allowance. The Company does not expect any material changes to its UTBs within the next 12 months.
|
|
|
DOXIMITY, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
|
A reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances for gross UTBs is as follows (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended March 31,
|
|
2019
|
|
2020
|
|
2021
|
Beginning balance
|
$
|
2,006
|
|
|
$
|
2,900
|
|
|
$
|
2,475
|
|
Additions for tax positions related to the current year
|
961
|
|
|
670
|
|
|
687
|
|
Reductions for tax positions related to prior years
|
(67)
|
|
|
(1,095)
|
|
|
—
|
|
Ending balance
|
$
|
2,900
|
|
|
$
|
2,475
|
|
|
$
|
3,162
|
|
The Company’s policy is to classify interest and penalties associated with uncertain tax positions, if any, as a component of its provision for (benefit from) income taxes. Interest and penalties were not material during the years ended March 31, 2019, 2020, and 2021.
The Company files income tax returns in the U.S. federal and various state jurisdictions. With limited exceptions, all tax years for which the Company has filed a tax return remain subject to examination.
13. Net Income Per Share Attributable to Common Stockholders
The following table presents the reconciliation of the numerator and denominator for calculating basic and diluted net income per share (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended March 31,
|
|
2019
|
|
2020
|
|
2021
|
Numerator
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income
|
$
|
7,833
|
|
|
$
|
29,737
|
|
|
$
|
50,210
|
|
Less: undistributed earnings attributable to participating securities
|
(7,238)
|
|
|
(18,908)
|
|
|
(28,654)
|
|
Net income attributable to common stockholders, basic and diluted
|
$
|
595
|
|
|
$
|
10,829
|
|
|
$
|
21,556
|
|
Denominator
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted-average number of shares used in computing net income per share attributable to common stockholders, basic
|
64,272
|
|
|
66,758
|
|
|
74,342
|
|
Dilutive effect of assumed exercise of options to purchase common stock
|
11,370
|
|
|
14,892
|
|
|
20,612
|
|
Dilutive effect of unvested early exercised options
|
4
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
Dilutive effect of assumed exercise of common stock warrants
|
8
|
|
|
60
|
|
|
180
|
|
Weighted-average number of shares used in computing net income per share attributable to common stockholders, diluted
|
75,654
|
|
|
81,710
|
|
|
95,134
|
|
Net income per share attributable to common stockholders, basic
|
$
|
0.01
|
|
|
$
|
0.16
|
|
|
$
|
0.29
|
|
Net income per share attributable to common stockholders, diluted
|
$
|
0.01
|
|
|
$
|
0.13
|
|
|
$
|
0.23
|
|
Certain potentially issuable shares have been excluded from the calculation of diluted net income per share during the applicable periods because their inclusion would have been anti-dilutive (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended March 31,
|
|
2019
|
|
2020
|
|
2021
|
Redeemable convertible preferred stock
|
76,249
|
|
|
76,287
|
|
|
76,287
|
|
Redeemable convertible preferred stock warrants
|
38
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
Stock options
|
—
|
|
|
578
|
|
|
—
|
|
Total
|
76,287
|
|
|
76,865
|
|
|
76,287
|
|
|
|
|
DOXIMITY, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
|
14. Segment and Geographic Information
The Company considers operating segments to be components of the Company in which separate financial information is available and is evaluated regularly by the Company’s chief operating decision maker in deciding how to allocate resources and in assessing performance. The chief operating decision maker for the Company is the Chief Executive Officer. The chief operating decision maker reviews financial information on a consolidated basis to make decisions about how to allocate resources and how to measure the Company’s performance. As such, the Company has determined that it has one operating and reportable segment.
Substantially all of the Company’s long-lived assets were based in the United States as of March 31, 2020 and 2021. No country outside of the United States accounted for more than 10% of total revenue for the years ended March 31, 2019, 2020, and 2021. Substantially all of the Company’s revenue was derived in the United States for the years ended March 31, 2019, 2020, and 2021.
15. Employee Benefit Plan
The Company sponsors a 401(k) savings plan. All U.S. employees are eligible to participate in the 401(k) plan after meeting certain eligibility requirements. Participants may elect to have a portion of their salary deferred and contributed to the 401(k) plan up to the limit allowed by applicable income tax regulations. The Company did not make any matching contributions to the 401(k) plan for the year ended March 31, 2019. The Company matched a portion of employee contributions totaling $0.7 million and $1.3 million for the years ended March 31, 2020 and 2021, respectively. Both employee contributions and the Company’s matching contributions are fully vested upon contribution.
16. Subsequent Events
The Company has evaluated subsequent events for the consolidated financial statements through the original issuance date of May 28, 2021, and through June 14, 2021, as it relates to the stock split and reclassification to Class B Common Stock, adoption of 2021 Stock Option and Incentive Plan and 2021 Employee Stock Purchase Plan discussed below.
In May 2021, the Company amended its charter to increase the authorized number of shares of common stock from 198,000,000 to 198,550,000.
Subsequent to March 31, 2021, the Company’s board of directors approved option grants for an aggregate of 1,966,000 shares of common stock. The stock options were granted under the Plan and have an exercise price of $12.56 per share. The options generally vest over four years.
On June 8, 2021, the Company’s Board of Directors and stockholders approved an amendment to the Company’s amended and restated certificate of incorporation effecting a 2-for-1 split of the Company’s issued and outstanding stock, including outstanding stock-based instruments and redeemable convertible preferred stock. The par value of the common and redeemable convertible preferred stock was not adjusted as a result of the stock split. All issued and outstanding shares of common stock, stock-based instruments, redeemable convertible preferred stock, and per-share amounts included in the accompanying consolidated financial statements have been adjusted to reflect this stock split for all periods presented.
The Company’s Board of Directors created and authorized 1,000,000,000 shares of Class A common stock with par value of $0.001 and one vote per share, and 500,000,000 shares of Class B common Stock with par value of $0.001 and ten votes per share. Each of the Company’s shares of existing common stock was reclassified into Class B common stock.
The Company’s Board of Directors approved the adoption of the 2021 Stock Option and Incentive Plan (the “2021 Plan”), which will become effective upon the Company’s initial public offering. A total of 22,500,000 shares of Class A common stock is reserved for the 2021 Plan. Any shares of Class B common stock that would have otherwise returned to the Company’s 2010 Equity Incentive Plan as a result of forfeiture, expiration, cancellation,
|
|
|
DOXIMITY, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
|
termination or net issuances of awards thereunder shall be returned to the share reserve under the 2021 Plan after being automatically converted from shares of Class B common stock to Class A common stock.
The Company’s Board of Directors approved the adoption of the 2021 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the “ESPP”), which will become effective upon the Company’s initial public offering. A total of 4,500,000 shares of Class A common stock is initially reserved for the ESPP. That the number of shares reserved and available for issuance for the ESPP will automatically increase each April 1, beginning on April 1, 2022 and continuing through April 1, 2031, by the lesser of 6,750,000 shares of Class A common stock, 1% of the outstanding number of shares of our Class A and Class B common stock on the immediately preceding March 31, or such lesser number of shares as determined by the Company’s compensation committee.
17. Subsequent Events (Unaudited)
On June 14, 2021, the Company issued a warrant to U.S. News & World Report, L.P. (the “U.S. News”) to purchase 1,200,000 shares of Class A common stock with an exercise price of $12.56 per share, contingent on the execution of a commercial agreement with the U.S. News prior to September 10, 2021. The warrant will vest on a monthly basis over 6 years, with the first tranche vesting on May 1, 2022.
23,300,000 Shares
Class A Common Stock
PROSPECTUS
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
MORGAN STANLEY
|
|
GOLDMAN SACHS & CO. LLC
|
|
J.P. MORGAN
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
PIPER SANDLER
|
|
|
WILLIAM BLAIR
|
CANACCORD GENUITY
|
NEEDHAM & COMPANY
|
RAYMOND JAMES
|
SVB LEERINK
|
, 2021
Until , 2021, all dealers that effect transactions in these securities, whether or not participating in this offering, may be required to deliver a prospectus. This is in addition to the dealers’ obligation to deliver a prospectus when acting as underwriters and with respect to their unsold allotments or subscriptions.
PART II
INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS
ITEM 13. OTHER EXPENSES OF ISSUANCE AND DISTRIBUTION.
The following table sets forth all expenses to be paid by us, other than underwriting discounts and commissions, in connection with this offering. All amounts shown are estimates except for the SEC registration fee, the FINRA filing fee and the New York Stock Exchange listing fee.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
SEC registration fee
|
$
|
67,237
|
|
FINRA filing fee
|
92,943
|
|
New York Stock Exchange Listing fee
|
295,000
|
|
Printing and engraving expenses
|
195,000
|
|
Legal fees and expenses
|
1,500,000
|
|
Accounting fees and expenses
|
1,785,000
|
|
Transfer agent and registrar fees
|
5,350
|
|
Miscellaneous
|
1,809,470
|
|
Total
|
$
|
5,750,000
|
|
ITEM 14. INDEMNIFICATION OF DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS.
Section 145 of the Delaware General Corporation Law authorizes a corporation’s board of directors to grant, and authorizes a court to award, indemnity to officers, directors and other corporate agents.
Prior to the completion of this offering, we expect to adopt an amended and restated certificate of incorporation, which will become effective immediately prior to the completion of this offering, and which will contain provisions that limit the liability of our directors for monetary damages to the fullest extent permitted by Delaware law. Consequently, our directors will not be personally liable to us or our stockholders for monetary damages for any breach of fiduciary duties as directors, except liability for the following:
•any breach of their duty of loyalty to our company or our stockholders;
•any act or omission not in good faith or that involves intentional misconduct or a knowing violation of law;
•unlawful payments of dividends or unlawful stock repurchases or redemptions as provided in Section 174 of the Delaware General Corporation Law; or
•any transaction from which they derived an improper personal benefit.
Any amendment to, or repeal of, these provisions will not eliminate or reduce the effect of these provisions in respect of any act, omission or claim that occurred or arose prior to that amendment or repeal. If the Delaware General Corporation Law is amended to provide for further limitations on the personal liability of directors of corporations, then the personal liability of our directors will be further limited to the greatest extent permitted by the Delaware General Corporation Law.
In addition, prior to the completion of this offering, we expect to adopt amended and restated bylaws which will provide that we will indemnify, to the fullest extent permitted by law, any person who is or was a party or is threatened to be made a party to any action, suit or proceeding by reason of the fact that he or she is or was one of our directors or officers or is or was serving at our request as a director or officer of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise. Our amended and restated bylaws are expected to provide that we may indemnify to the fullest extent permitted by law any person who is or was a party or is threatened to be made a party to any action, suit or proceeding by reason of the fact that he or she is or was one of our employees or agents or is or was serving at our request as an employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise. Our amended and restated bylaws will also provide that we must advance expenses incurred by or on
behalf of a director or officer in advance of the final disposition of any action or proceeding, subject to very limited exceptions.
Further, prior to the completion of this offering, we expect to enter into indemnification agreements with each of our directors and executive officers that may be broader than the specific indemnification provisions contained in the Delaware General Corporation Law. These indemnification agreements will require us, among other things, to indemnify our directors and executive officers against liabilities that may arise by reason of their status or service. These indemnification agreements will also require us to advance all expenses incurred by the directors and executive officers in investigating or defending any such action, suit or proceeding. We believe that these agreements are necessary to attract and retain qualified individuals to serve as directors and executive officers.
The limitation of liability and indemnification provisions that are expected to be included in our amended and restated certificate of incorporation, amended restated bylaws and in indemnification agreements that we enter into with our directors and executive officers may discourage stockholders from bringing a lawsuit against our directors and executive officers for breach of their fiduciary duties. They may also reduce the likelihood of derivative litigation against our directors and executive officers, even though an action, if successful, might benefit us and other stockholders. Further, a stockholder’s investment may be harmed to the extent that we pay the costs of settlement and damage awards against directors and executive officers as required by these indemnification provisions. At present, we are not aware of any pending litigation or proceeding involving any person who is or was one of our directors, officers, employees, or other agents or is or was serving at our request as a director, officer, employee, or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, or other enterprise, for which indemnification is sought, and we are not aware of any threatened litigation that may result in claims for indemnification.
We expect to obtain insurance policies under which, subject to the limitations of the policies, coverage is provided to our directors and executive officers against losses arising from claims made by reason of breach of fiduciary duty or other wrongful acts as a director or executive officer, including claims relating to public securities matters, and to us with respect to payments that may be made by us to these directors and executive officers pursuant to our indemnification obligations or otherwise as a matter of law.
The underwriting agreement to be filed as Exhibit 1.1 to this registration statement will provide for indemnification by the underwriters of us and our officers and directors for certain liabilities arising under the Securities Act and otherwise.
ITEM 15. RECENT SALES OF UNREGISTERED SECURITIES.
Since March 1, 2018, we have sold the following securities without registration under the Securities Act:
Series B Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock
Since March 1, 2018, we have issued to our investors an aggregate of 38,332 shares of our Series B redeemable convertible preferred stock in connection with the exercise of warrants, at an exercise price of $0.65 per share.
Plan-Related Issuances
Since March 1, 2018, we have granted our employees, consultants, and other service providers options to purchase an aggregate of 35,136,436 shares of our common stock under the 2010 Plan, at exercise prices ranging from $0.97 to $12.56 per share.
Since March 1, 2018, we have issued and sold to our employees, consultants, and other service providers an aggregate of 19,057,120 shares of common stock upon the exercise of stock options under the 2010 Plan, at exercise prices ranging from $0.0005 to $8.26, for a weighted-average exercise price of $0.57 and aggregate consideration of approximately $10,889,329.
Non-Plan Issuances
Since March 1, 2018, we have granted our employees, consultants, and other service providers non-plan options to purchase an aggregate of 4,682,582 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $0.97 per share.
Since March 1, 2018, we have issued and sold to other service providers an aggregate of 2,018,416 shares of our common stock at a price of ranging from nil to $0.97, for a weighted-average price of $0.95 and aggregate consideration of approximately $1,904,432.
Issuances in Connection with Acquisitions
Since March 1, 2018, we have issued an aggregate of 689,656 shares of our common stock in connection with our acquisitions of certain companies or their assets and as consideration to individuals and entities who were former service providers or stockholders of such companies.
Warrant Issuances
On June 14, 2021, we issued U.S. News & World Report, L.P. a warrant to purchase up to 1,200,000 shares of Class A common stock at an exercise price of $12.56 per share.
None of the foregoing transactions involved any underwriters, underwriting discounts, or commissions, or any public offering. We believe the offers, sales, and issuances of the above securities were exempt from registration under the Securities Act (or Regulation D or Regulation S promulgated thereunder) by virtue of Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act because the issuance of securities to the recipients did not involve a public offering, or in reliance on Rule 701 because the transactions were pursuant to compensatory benefit plans or contracts relating to compensation as provided under such rule. The recipients of the securities in each of these transactions represented their intentions to acquire the securities for investment only and not with a view to or for sale in connection with any distribution thereof, and appropriate legends were placed upon the stock certificates issued in these transactions. All recipients had adequate access, through their relationships with us, to information about us. The sales of these securities were made without any general solicitation or advertising.
ITEM 16. EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES.
(a)Exhibits.
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Exhibit
Number
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Exhibit Title
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1.1
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3.1
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3.2
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3.3*
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3.4
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4.1*
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4.2*
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4.3*
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4.4
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5.1
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10.1
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10.2#
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10.3#
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10.4#
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10.5#
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10.6#
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21.1*
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23.1
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23.2
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24.1*
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__________________
* Previously filed.
# Indicates management contract or compensatory plan, contract or agreement.
(b)Financial Statement Schedules.
All schedules are omitted because the required information is either not present, not present in material amounts or is presented within the consolidated financial statements included in the prospectus that is part of this registration statement.
ITEM 17. UNDERTAKINGS.
The undersigned Registrant hereby undertakes to provide to the underwriters at the closing specified in the underwriting agreement certificates in such denominations and registered in such names as required by the underwriters to permit prompt delivery to each purchaser.
Insofar as indemnification by the Registrant for liabilities arising under the Securities Act, may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the Registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the Registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the Registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the Registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the Registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.
The undersigned Registrant hereby undertakes that:
(1)For purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act, the information omitted from the form of prospectus filed as part of this registration statement in reliance upon Rule 430A and contained in a form of prospectus filed by the Registrant pursuant to Rule 424(b)(1) or (4) or 497(h) under the Securities Act shall be deemed to be part of this registration statement as of the time it was declared effective.
(2)For the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act, each post-effective amendment that contains a form of prospectus shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, the registrant has duly caused this Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, San Francisco, California, on June 15, 2021.
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DOXIMITY, INC.
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By:
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/s/ Jeffrey Tangney
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Jeffrey Tangney
Chief Executive Officer
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Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this registration statement on Form S-1 has been signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
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Signature
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Title
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Date
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/s/ Jeffrey Tangney
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Chief Executive Officer and Director
(Principal Executive Officer)
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June 15, 2021
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Jeffrey Tangney
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/s/ Anna Bryson
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Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer)
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June 15, 2021
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Anna Bryson
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*
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Director
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June 15, 2021
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Regina Benjamin
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*
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Director
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June 15, 2021
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Tim Cabral
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*
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Director
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June 15, 2021
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Gilbert Kliman
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*
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Director
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June 15, 2021
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Kevin Spain
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*
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Director
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June 15, 2021
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Kira Wampler
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*By:
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/s/ Anna Bryson
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Anna Bryson
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Attorney-in-Fact
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[●] Shares
DOXIMITY, INC.
CLASS A COMMON STOCK, PAR VALUE $0.001 PER SHARE
UNDERWRITING AGREEMENT
[●], 2021
[●], 2021
Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC
Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC
J.P. Morgan Securities LLC
c/o Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC
1585 Broadway
New York, New York 10036
c/o Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC
200 West Street
New York, New York 10282
c/o J.P. Morgan Securities LLC
383 Madison Avenue
New York, New York 10179
Ladies and Gentlemen:
Doximity, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), proposes to issue and sell to the several Underwriters named in Schedule II hereto (the “Underwriters”), for whom Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC (“Morgan Stanley”), Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC, and J.P. Morgan Securities LLC are acting as representatives (the “Representatives”), and certain shareholders of the Company (the “Selling Shareholders”) named in Schedule I hereto severally propose to sell to the several Underwriters, an aggregate of [●] shares (the “Firm Shares”) of its Class A common stock, par value $0.001 per share (the “Class A Common Stock”) of which [●] shares are to be issued and sold by the Company and [●] shares are to be sold by the Selling Shareholders, each Selling Shareholder selling the amount set forth opposite such Selling Shareholder’s name in Schedule I hereto.
The Company also proposes to issue and sell to the several Underwriters not more than an additional [●] shares of its Class A Common Stock (the “Additional Shares”), if and to the extent that the Representatives shall have determined to exercise, on behalf of the Underwriters, the right to purchase such shares of Class A Common Stock granted to the Underwriters in Section 3 hereof. The Firm Shares and the Additional Shares are hereinafter collectively referred to as the “Shares.” The shares of Class A Common Stock of the Company, together with the shares of Class B common stock, par value $0.001 per share, of the Company (the “Class B Common Stock”), to be outstanding after giving effect to the sales contemplated hereby are hereinafter referred to as the “Common Stock.” The Company and the Selling Shareholders are hereinafter sometimes collectively referred to as the “Sellers.”
The Company has filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”) a registration statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-256584), including a
preliminary prospectus, relating to the Shares. The registration statement as amended at the time it becomes effective, including the information (if any) deemed to be part of the registration statement at the time of effectiveness pursuant to Rule 430A under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), is hereinafter referred to as the “Registration Statement”; the prospectus in the form first used to confirm sales of Shares (or in the form first made available to the Underwriters by the Company to meet requests of purchasers pursuant to Rule 173 under the Securities Act) is hereinafter referred to as the “Prospectus.” If the Company has filed an abbreviated registration statement to register additional shares of Class A Common Stock pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act (a “Rule 462 Registration Statement”), then any reference herein to the term “Registration Statement” shall be deemed to include such Rule 462 Registration Statement.
For purposes of this Underwriting Agreement (the “Agreement”), “free writing prospectus” has the meaning set forth in Rule 405 under the Securities Act, “preliminary prospectus” shall mean each prospectus used prior to the effectiveness of the Registration Statement, and each prospectus that omitted information pursuant to Rule 430A under the Securities Act that was used after such effectiveness and prior to the execution and delivery of this Agreement, “Time of Sale Prospectus” means the preliminary prospectus contained in the Registration Statement at the time of its effectiveness together with the documents and pricing information set forth in Schedule III hereto, and “broadly available road show” means a “bona fide electronic road show” as defined in Rule 433(h)(5) under the Securities Act that has been made available without restriction to any person. For purposes of this Agreement, (a) except where otherwise expressly provided, the term “affiliate” has the meaning set forth in Rule 405 under the Securities Act; (b) the term “business day” means any day other than a day on which banks are permitted or required to be closed in New York City; and (c) the term “subsidiary” has the meaning set forth in Rule 405 under the Securities Act. As used herein, the terms “Registration Statement,” “preliminary prospectus,” “Time of Sale Prospectus” and “Prospectus” shall include the documents, if any, incorporated by reference therein as of the date hereof.
Morgan Stanley has agreed to reserve a portion of the Shares to be purchased by the Underwriters under this Agreement for sale to certain of the Company’s qualifying member physicians in the United States (collectively, “Participants”), as set forth in each of the Time of Sale Prospectus and the Prospectus under the heading “Underwriting” (the “Reserved Share Program”). The Reserved Share Program shall be administered by Fidelity Capital Markets LLC, a division of National Financial Services LLC (the “Reserved Share Provider”). The Shares to be sold by the Reserved Share Provider and its affiliates pursuant to the Reserved Share Program, at the direction of the Company, are referred to hereinafter as the “Reserved Shares.” Any Reserved Shares not orally confirmed for purchase by any Participant by [●] [a.m.][p.m.] New York City time on the day on which this Agreement is executed will be offered to the public by the Underwriters as set forth in the Prospectus.
1.Representations and Warranties of the Company. The Company represents and warrants to and agrees with each of the Underwriters that:
(a)The Registration Statement has become effective; no stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement is in effect, and no proceedings for such purpose or pursuant to Section 8A under the Securities Act are pending before or, to the Company’s knowledge, threatened by the Commission.
(b)(i) The Registration Statement, when it became effective, did not contain and, as amended or supplemented, if applicable, as of the date of such amendment or supplement, will not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, (ii) the Registration Statement and the Prospectus comply and, as amended or supplemented, if applicable, as of the date of such amendment or supplement, will comply in all material respects with the Securities Act and the applicable rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder, (iii) the Time of Sale Prospectus does not, and at the time of each sale of the Shares in connection with the offering when the Prospectus is not yet available to prospective purchasers and at the Closing Date (as defined in Section 5), the Time of Sale Prospectus, as then amended or supplemented by the Company, if applicable, will not, contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading, (iv) each broadly available road show, if any, when considered together with the Time of Sale Prospectus, does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading and (v) the Prospectus, as of its date, does not contain and, as amended or supplemented, if applicable, will not contain, as of the date of such amendment or supplement or as of the Closing Date and as of any Option Closing Date, any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading, except that the representations and warranties set forth in this paragraph do not apply to statements or omissions in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Prospectus or the Prospectus based upon information relating to any Underwriter furnished to the Company in writing by or on behalf of such Underwriter through the Representatives expressly for use therein.
(c)The Company is not an “ineligible issuer” in connection with the offering pursuant to Rules 164, 405 and 433 under the Securities Act. Any free writing prospectus that the Company is required to file pursuant to Rule 433(d) under the Securities Act has been, or will be, filed with the Commission in accordance with the requirements of the Securities Act and the applicable rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder. Each free writing prospectus that the Company has filed, or is required to file, pursuant to Rule 433(d) under the Securities Act or that was prepared by or on behalf of or used or referred to by the Company complies or, if used after the effective date of this Agreement, will comply in all material respects with the
requirements of the Securities Act and the applicable rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder. Except for the free writing prospectuses, if any, identified in Schedule III hereto, and electronic road shows, if any, each furnished to the Representatives before first use, the Company has not prepared, used or referred to, and will not, without the prior consent of the Representatives, prepare, use or refer to, any free writing prospectus.
(d)The Company has been duly incorporated, is validly existing as a corporation in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation, has the corporate power and authority to own or lease its property and to conduct its business as described in each of the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Prospectus and the Prospectus and is duly qualified to transact business and is in good standing in each jurisdiction in which the conduct of its business or its ownership or leasing of property requires such qualification, except to the extent that the failure to be so qualified or be in good standing would not, reasonably be expected to, singly or in the aggregate, have a material adverse effect on the Company and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole.
(e)Each subsidiary of the Company has been duly incorporated, organized or formed, is validly existing as a corporation or other business entity in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation, organization or formation, has the corporate or other business entity power and authority to own or lease its property and to conduct its business as described in each of the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Prospectus and the Prospectus and is duly qualified to transact business and is in good standing in each jurisdiction in which the conduct of its business or its ownership or leasing of property requires such qualification, except to the extent that the failure to be so qualified or be in good standing would not, singly or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on the Company and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole; all of the issued shares of capital stock or other equity interests of each subsidiary of the Company have been duly and validly authorized and issued, are fully paid and non-assessable and are owned directly or indirectly by the Company, free and clear of all liens, encumbrances, equities or claims.
(f)This Agreement has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by the Company.
(g)As of the Closing Date, the authorized capital stock of the Company will conform as to legal matters in all material respects to the description thereof contained in each of the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Prospectus and the Prospectus.
(h)The shares of Common Stock (including the Shares to be sold by the Selling Shareholders) outstanding prior to the issuance of the Shares to be sold by the Company have been duly authorized and are validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable.
(i)The Shares to be sold by the Company have been duly authorized and, when issued, delivered and paid for in accordance with the terms of this Agreement, will
be validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable, and the issuance of the Shares will not be subject to any preemptive or similar rights that have not been duly waived or satisfied.
(j)Except as would not, singly or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect, with respect to the stock options granted pursuant to the stock-based compensation plans of the Company and its subsidiaries (the “Company Stock Plans”), (i) each grant of a stock option was duly authorized no later than the date on which the grant of such stock option was by its terms to be effective by all necessary corporate action, including, as applicable, approval by the board of directors of the Company (or a duly constituted and authorized committee thereof) and any required stockholder approval by the necessary number of votes or written consents, and the award agreement governing such grant (if any) was duly executed and delivered by each party thereto, and (ii) each such grant was made in accordance with the terms of the Company Stock Plans, and all applicable laws and regulatory rules or requirements, including all applicable federal securities laws.
(k)The execution and delivery by the Company of, and the performance by the Company of its obligations under, this Agreement will not contravene any provision of (i) applicable law, (ii) the certificate of incorporation or bylaws of the Company, (iii) any agreement or other instrument binding upon the Company or any of its subsidiaries that is material to the Company and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole, or (iv) any judgment, order or decree of any governmental body, agency or court having jurisdiction over the Company or any subsidiary, except that in the case of clauses (i), (iii) and (iv) as would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on the Company and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole, or on the power and ability of the Company to perform its obligations under this Agreement; and no consent, approval, authorization or order of, or qualification with, any governmental body, agency or court is required for the performance by the Company of its obligations under this Agreement, except such as may be required by the securities or Blue Sky laws of the various states or non-U.S. jurisdictions or the rules and regulations of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (“FINRA”) in connection with the offer and sale of the Shares.
(l)There has not occurred any material adverse change, or any development involving a prospective material adverse change, in the condition, financial or otherwise, or in the earnings, business or operations of the Company and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole, from that set forth in the Time of Sale Prospectus.
(m) Neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries is (i) in violation of its respective certificate of incorporation or bylaws; (ii) in default, and no event has occurred that, with notice or lapse of time or both, would constitute such a default, in the due performance or observance of any term, covenant or condition contained in any indenture, mortgage, deed of trust, loan agreement or other agreement or instrument to which the Company or any of its subsidiaries is a party or by which the Company or any of its subsidiaries is bound or to which any of the property or assets of the Company or
any of its subsidiaries is subject; or (iii) in violation of any law or statute or any judgment, order, rule or regulation of any court or arbitrator or governmental or regulatory authority applicable to the Company, any of its subsidiaries or their respective businesses and properties, except, in the case of clause (ii) above, for any such default or violation that would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a material adverse effect on the Company and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole.
(n)There are no legal or governmental proceedings pending or, to the Company’s knowledge, threatened to which the Company or any of its subsidiaries is a party or to which any of the properties of the Company or any of its subsidiaries is subject (i) other than proceedings accurately described in all material respects in each of the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Prospectus and the Prospectus and proceedings that would not, singly or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on the Company and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole, or on the power or ability of the Company to perform its obligations under this Agreement or to consummate the transactions contemplated by each of the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Prospectus and the Prospectus or (ii) that are required to be described in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Prospectus or the Prospectus and are not so described in all material respects; and there are no statutes, regulations, contracts or other documents to which the Company or any of its subsidiaries is subject or by which the Company or any of its subsidiaries is bound that are required to be described in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Prospectus or the Prospectus or to be filed as exhibits to the Registration Statement that are not described in all material respects or filed as required.
(o)Each preliminary prospectus filed as part of the Registration Statement as originally filed or as part of any amendment thereto, or filed pursuant to Rule 424 under the Securities Act, complied when so filed in all material respects with the Securities Act and the applicable rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder.
(p)The Company is not, and immediately after giving effect to the offering and sale of the Shares and the application of the proceeds thereof as described in each of the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Prospectus and the Prospectus will not be, required to register as an “investment company” as such term is defined in the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.
(q)The Company and each of its subsidiaries (i) are in compliance with any and all applicable foreign, federal, state and local laws and regulations relating to the protection of human health and safety, the environment or hazardous or toxic substances or wastes, pollutants or contaminants (collectively, “Environmental Laws”), (ii) have received all permits, licenses or other approvals required of them under applicable Environmental Laws to conduct their respective businesses as presently conducted and (iii) are in compliance with all terms and conditions of any such permit, license or approval, except where such noncompliance with Environmental Laws, failure to receive required permits, licenses or other approvals or failure to comply with the terms and
conditions of such permits, licenses or approvals would not, reasonably be expected to, singly or in the aggregate, have a material adverse effect on the Company and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole.
(r)There are no costs or liabilities associated with Environmental Laws (including, without limitation, any capital or operating expenditures required for clean-up, closure of properties or compliance with Environmental Laws or any permit, license or approval, any related constraints on operating activities and any potential liabilities to third parties) which would, singly or in the aggregate, have a material adverse effect on the Company and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole.
(s)Except as described in the Time of Sale Prospectus, there are no contracts, agreements or understandings between the Company and any person granting such person the right to require the Company to file a registration statement under the Securities Act with respect to any securities of the Company or to require the Company to include such securities with the Shares registered pursuant to the Registration Statement, except as otherwise have been validly waived or complied with in connection with the issuance and sale of the Shares contemplated hereby.
(t)(i) None of the Company or any of its subsidiaries or affiliates, or any director, officer, or employee thereof, or, to the Company’s knowledge, any agent or representative of the Company or of any of its subsidiaries or affiliates, has taken or will take any action in furtherance of an offer, payment, promise to pay, or authorization or approval of the payment, giving or receipt of money, property, gifts or anything else of value, directly or indirectly, to any government official (including any officer or employee of a government or government-owned or controlled entity or of a public international organization, or any person acting in an official capacity for or on behalf of any of the foregoing, or any political party or party official or candidate for political office) (“Government Official”) in order to obtain, retain or direct business or influence official action, or to any person in violation of any applicable anti-corruption laws; (ii) the Company and each of its subsidiaries and affiliates have conducted their businesses in compliance with applicable anti-corruption laws and have instituted and maintained and will continue to maintain policies and procedures reasonably designed to promote and achieve compliance with such laws and with the representations and warranties contained herein; and (iii) neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries will use, directly or indirectly, the proceeds of the offering in furtherance of an offer, payment, promise to pay, or authorization of the payment or giving of money, or anything else of value, to any person in violation of any applicable anti-corruption laws.
(u)The operations of the Company and each of its subsidiaries are and have been conducted at all times in material compliance with all applicable financial recordkeeping and reporting requirements, including those of the Bank Secrecy Act, as amended by Title III of the Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Act of 2001 (USA PATRIOT Act), and the applicable anti-money laundering statutes of jurisdictions where the Company
and each of its subsidiaries conduct business, the rules and regulations thereunder and any related or similar rules, regulations or guidelines, issued, administered or enforced by any governmental agency (collectively, the “Anti-Money Laundering Laws”), and no action, suit or proceeding by or before any court or governmental agency, authority or body or any arbitrator involving the Company or any of its subsidiaries with respect to the Anti-Money Laundering Laws is pending or, to the best knowledge of the Company, threatened.
(v)(i) None of the Company, any of its subsidiaries, or any director, officer, or employee thereof, or, to the Company’s knowledge, any agent, affiliate or representative of the Company or any of its subsidiaries, is an individual or entity (“Person”) that is, or is owned or controlled by one or more Persons that are:
(A)the subject of any sanctions administered or enforced by the U.S. Department of the Treasury’s Office of Foreign Assets Control, the United Nations Security Council, the European Union, Her Majesty’s Treasury, or other relevant sanctions authority (collectively, “Sanctions”), or
(B)located, organized or resident in a country or territory that is the subject of Sanctions (including, without limitation, Crimea, Cuba, Iran, North Korea and Syria).
(ii)The Company will not, directly or indirectly, use the proceeds of the offering, or lend, contribute or otherwise make available such proceeds to any subsidiary, joint venture partner or other Person:
(A)to fund or facilitate any activities or business of or with any Person or in any country or territory that, at the time of such funding or facilitation, is the subject of Sanctions; or
(B)in any other manner that will result in a violation of Sanctions by any Person (including any Person participating in the offering, whether as underwriter, advisor, investor or otherwise).
(iii)The Company and each of its subsidiaries have not knowingly engaged in, are not now knowingly engaged in, and will not engage in, any dealings or transactions with any Person, or in any country or territory, that at the time of the dealing or transaction is or was the subject of Sanctions.
(w)Subsequent to the respective dates as of which information is given in each of the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Prospectus and the Prospectus, (i) the Company and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole, have not incurred any material liability or obligation, direct or contingent, nor entered into any material transaction; (ii) the Company has not purchased any of its outstanding capital stock, nor declared, paid or otherwise made any dividend or distribution of any kind on its capital stock other than
ordinary and customary dividends; and (iii) there has not been any material change in the capital stock, short-term debt or long-term debt of the Company and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole.
(x)The Company and its subsidiaries do not own any real property. The Company and its subsidiaries have good and marketable title to all personal property owned by them which is material to the business of the Company and its subsidiaries, in each case free and clear of all liens, encumbrances and defects except such as do not materially affect the value of such property and do not interfere with the use made and proposed to be made of such property by the Company and its subsidiaries; and any real property and buildings held under lease by the Company and its subsidiaries are held by them under valid, subsisting and, to the Company’s knowledge, enforceable leases with such exceptions as are not material and do not materially interfere with the use made and proposed to be made of such property and buildings by the Company and its subsidiaries.
(y)The Company and its subsidiaries have used all software and other materials distributed under a “free,” “open source” or similar licensing model (including but not limited to the GNU General Public License, GNU Lesser General Public License and GNU Affero General Public License) (the “Open Source Materials”) in compliance with all license terms applicable to such Open Source Materials; and neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries has used or distributed any Open Source Materials in a manner that requires or has required any proprietary software code or other technology owned by the Company or any of its subsidiaries to be (A) disclosed or distributed in source code form, (B) licensed for the purpose of making derivative works or (C) redistributed at no charge.
(z)Except as disclosed in the Registration Statement, Time of Sale Prospectus and the Prospectus, and except as would not, singly or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect, the Company and its subsidiaries own or possess, or can acquire on reasonable terms, all material patents, patent applications, patent rights, licenses, inventions, copyrights, know how (including trade secrets and other unpatented and/or unpatentable proprietary or confidential information, inventions, systems or procedures), trademarks, service marks, trade names and other intellectual property rights, as well as applicable related rights, including moral rights, all goodwill associated with the use of the foregoing, and the right to sue for past, present and future infringement, misappropriation or dilution of any of the foregoing, and registrations and applications for registrations of any of the foregoing, currently employed by them in connection with the business as now conducted and as proposed to be conducted in the Registration Statement, Time of Sale Prospectus and the Prospectus (the “Company Intellectual Property”). Except as disclosed in the Registration Statement, Time of Sale Prospectus and the Prospectus, and except as would not, singly or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect, (i) there are no third parties who have rights to any Company Intellectual Property, except for the retained rights of the owners of the Company Intellectual Property which is licensed to the Company; (ii) there is no pending or, to the Company’s knowledge, threatened action, suit, proceeding
or claim by others (a) challenging the validity, enforceability or scope of any Company Intellectual Property or (b) challenging the Company’s rights or any of its subsidiaries’ rights in or to any Company Intellectual Property; (iii) there is no pending or, to the Company’s knowledge, threatened action, suit, proceeding or claim by others that the Company or any of its subsidiaries infringes or misappropriates, any intellectual property or other proprietary rights of others and neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries is aware of any facts which would form a reasonable basis for any such action, suit, proceeding or claim; (iv) none of the Company Intellectual Property or technology (including information technology and outsourced arrangements) has been obtained or is being used by the Company and its subsidiaries in violation of any contractual obligation binding on the Company or its subsidiaries or, to the Company’s knowledge, any of their respective officers, directors or employees or otherwise in violation of the rights of any persons; (v) to the Company’s knowledge, there is no infringement or misappropriation by others of any Company Intellectual Property owned by the Company or any of its subsidiaries; (vi) the Company and its subsidiaries have complied with the terms of each agreement pursuant to which Company Intellectual Property has been licensed to the Company or any subsidiary, and, to the Company’s knowledge, all such agreements are in full force and effect; (vii) there are no material defects in any of the patents or patent applications included in the Company Intellectual Property; (viii) the Company has taken reasonable steps to protect, maintain and safeguard the Company Intellectual Property, including the execution of appropriate nondisclosure, confidentiality, and invention assignment agreements and, to the Company’s knowledge, no employee of the Company and its subsidiaries is in or has been in violation of any term of such agreements; and (ix) no employee of the Company and its subsidiaries is in or has been in violation of any term of any written employment contract, patent disclosure agreement, invention assignment agreement, non-competition agreement, non-solicitation agreement, nondisclosure agreement, or restrictive covenant agreement with a former employer where the basis of such violation relates to (a) such employee’s employment with the Company and (b) the ownership by the Company or its subsidiaries of any Company Intellectual Property.
(aa)Except as would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to result in a material adverse effect on the Company and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole, (A) each Plan (as defined below) has been maintained in compliance with its terms and the requirements of any applicable statutes, orders, rules and regulations, including but not limited to the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended (“ERISA”) and the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”); (B) no non-exempt prohibited transaction, within the meaning of Section 406 of ERISA or Section 4975 of the Code, has occurred with respect to any Plan; (C) for each Plan, no failure to satisfy the minimum funding standards (within the meaning of Section 412 of the Code or Section 302 of ERISA), whether or not waived, has occurred or is reasonably expected to occur; (D) no “reportable event” (within the meaning of Section 4043(c) of ERISA, other than those events as to which notice is waived) has occurred or is reasonably expected to occur; and (E) neither the Company nor any member of its “Controlled Group” (defined as any organization which is a member of a
controlled group of corporations within the meaning of Section 414 of the Code) has incurred, nor is reasonably expected to incur, any liability under Title IV of ERISA (other than contributions to any Plan or any Multiemployer Plan or premiums to the PBGC, in the ordinary course and without default) in respect of a Plan or a Multiemployer Plan. For purposes of this paragraph, (x) the term “Plan” means an employee benefit plan, within the meaning of Section 3(3) of ERISA, subject to Title IV of ERISA, but excluding any Multiemployer Plan, for which the Company or any member of its “Controlled Group” has any liability and (y) the term “Multiemployer Plan” means a multiemployer plan within the meaning of Section 4001(a)(3) of ERISA.
(bb)No material labor dispute with the employees of the Company or any of its subsidiaries exists, or, to the knowledge of the Company, is imminent; and the Company is not aware of any existing, threatened or imminent labor disturbance by the employees of any of its principal suppliers, manufacturers or contractors that could, singly or in the aggregate, have a material adverse effect on the Company and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole.
(cc)The Company and each of its subsidiaries are insured by insurers of recognized financial responsibility against such losses and risks and in such amounts as the Company reasonably believes are prudent and customary in the businesses in which they are engaged; neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries has been refused any insurance coverage sought or applied for; and neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries has any reason to believe that it will not be able to renew its existing insurance coverage as and when such coverage expires or to obtain similar coverage from similar insurers as may be necessary to continue its business at a cost that would not, singly or in the aggregate, have a material adverse effect on the Company and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole.
(dd)The Company and each of its subsidiaries possess all certificates, authorizations and permits issued by the appropriate federal, state or foreign regulatory authorities necessary to conduct their respective businesses, except where the failure to obtain such certificates, authorizations or permits would not reasonably be expected to, singly or in the aggregate, have a material adverse effect on the Company and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole, and neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries has received any notice of proceedings relating to the revocation or modification of any such certificate, authorization or permit which, singly or in the aggregate, if the subject of an unfavorable decision, ruling or finding, would reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on the Company and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole.
(ee)The Company and its subsidiaries, as a whole, maintain a system of internal accounting controls sufficient to provide reasonable assurance that transactions are executed in accordance with management’s general or specific authorizations; transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”) and to maintain asset accountability; access to assets is permitted only in
accordance with management’s general or specific authorization; and the recorded accountability for assets is compared with the existing assets at reasonable intervals and appropriate action is taken with respect to any differences. Since the end of the Company’s most recent audited fiscal year, there has been (i) no material weakness in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting (whether or not remediated) and (ii) no change in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting that has materially and adversely affected, or is reasonably likely to materially and adversely affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.
(ff)The financial statements of the Company filed with the Commission as a part of the Registration Statement and included in the Time of Sale Prospectus and the Prospectus comply as to form in all material respects with the applicable accounting requirements of the Securities Act and present fairly the consolidated financial position of the Company and its subsidiaries as of the dates indicated and the results of its operations and cash flows for the periods specified. Such financial statements have been prepared in conformity with U.S. GAAP applied on a consistent basis throughout the periods involved. The other financial information included in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Prospectus and the Prospectus has been derived from the accounting records of the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries and presents fairly in all material respects the information shown thereby.
(gg)Deloitte & Touche LLP, which has certified certain financial statements of the Company and its subsidiaries filed with the Commission as part of the Registration Statement and included in each of the Time of Sale Prospectus and the Prospectus, is an independent registered public accounting firm with respect to the Company and its subsidiaries within the applicable rules and regulations adopted by the Commission and the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) and as required by the Securities Act.
(hh)The statistical, industry and market related data included in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Prospectus and the Prospectus are based on or derived from sources that the Company believes, after reasonable inquiry, to be reliable and accurate. To the extent required, the Company has obtained the written consent to the use of such data from such sources where applicable.
(ii)To the extent required under applicable rules, the Company maintains disclosure controls and procedures that comply with the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”); such disclosure controls and procedures have been designed to ensure that material information relating to the Company and its subsidiaries is made known to the Company’s principal executive officer and principal financial officer by others within those entities; and such disclosure controls and procedures are effective.
(jj)The Company has not sold, issued or distributed any shares of Common Stock during the six-month period preceding the date hereof, including any sales pursuant to Rule 144A under, or Regulation D or S of, the Securities Act, other than shares issued
pursuant to employee benefit plans, qualified stock option plans or other employee compensation plans or pursuant to outstanding options, rights or warrants.
(kk)The Company and each of its subsidiaries have filed all federal, state, local and foreign tax returns required to be filed through the date of this Agreement or have requested extensions thereof (except where the failure to file would not reasonably be expected to, singly or in the aggregate, have a material adverse effect on the Company and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole) and have paid all taxes required to be paid thereon (except for cases in which the failure to file or pay would not reasonably be expected to, singly or in the aggregate, have a material adverse effect on the Company and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole, or, except as currently being contested in good faith and for which reserves required by U.S. GAAP have been created in the financial statements of the Company), and no tax deficiency has been determined adversely to the Company or any of its subsidiaries which, singly or in the aggregate, has had (nor does the Company nor any of its subsidiaries have any notice or knowledge of any tax deficiency which could reasonably be expected to be determined adversely to the Company or its subsidiaries and which could reasonably be expected to have) a material adverse effect on the Company and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole.
(ll)The Company has taken all necessary actions to ensure that, upon the effectiveness of the Registration Statement, it will be in compliance with all provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, as amended (the “Sarbanes-Oxley Act”), and all rules and regulations promulgated thereunder applicable to the Company at such time, and is taking steps designed to ensure that it will be in compliance, at all times, with the other provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act when they become applicable to the Company after the effectiveness of the Registration Statement.
(mm)The Company has not taken, directly or indirectly, any action designed to or that would reasonably be expected to cause or result in any stabilization or manipulation of the price of the Shares.
(nn)From the time of initial confidential submission of the Registration Statement to the Commission through the date hereof, the Company has been and is an “emerging growth company,” as defined in Section 2(a) of the Securities Act (an “Emerging Growth Company”).
(oo)The Company (1) has not alone engaged in any Testing-the-Waters Communication with any person other than Testing-the-Waters Communications with the consent of the Representatives with entities that are reasonably believed to be qualified institutional buyers within the meaning of Rule 144A under the Securities Act or institutions that are reasonably believed to be accredited investors within the meaning of Rule 501 under the Securities Act and (ii) has not authorized anyone other than the Representatives to engage in Testing-the-Waters Communications. The Company reconfirms that the Representatives have been authorized to act on its behalf in undertaking Testing-the-Waters Communications. The Company has not distributed any Testing-the-Waters Communication that is a written communication within the meaning
of Rule 405 under the Securities Act. “Testing-the-Waters Communication” means any communication with potential investors undertaken in reliance on Section 5(d) or Rule 163B of the Securities Act.
(pp)As of the time of each sale of the Shares in connection with the offering when the Prospectus is not yet available to prospective purchasers, none of (A) the Time of Sale Prospectus, (B) any free writing prospectus, when considered together with the Time of Sale Prospectus, and (C) any individual Testing-the-Waters Communication, when considered together with the Time of Sale Prospectus, included, includes or will include an untrue statement of a material fact or omitted, omits or will omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; provided, however, that this representation and warranty shall not apply to any statements or omissions made in reliance upon and in conformity with Underwriter Information.
(qq)The Company and its subsidiaries are, and at all times have been, in material compliance with all applicable statutes, rules and regulations applicable to the Health Care Laws, as defined below. For purposes of this Agreement, “Health Care Laws” means: (i) all applicable federal, state, local and all applicable foreign health care related fraud and abuse laws, including, without limitation, the U.S. Anti-Kickback Statute (42 U.S.C. § 1320a-7b(b)), the U.S. False Statements Law (42 U.S.C. § 1320a-7b(a)), the Civil Monetary Penalties Law (42 U.S.C. §1320a-7a), the U.S. Civil False Claims Act (31 U.S.C. § 3729 et seq.), all criminal laws relating to health care fraud and abuse, including but not limited to 18 U.S.C. §§ 286 and 287, and the health care fraud criminal provisions under the U.S. Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (“HIPAA”) (42 U.S.C. §§1320d et seq.), the exclusions law (42 U.S.C. § 1320a-7), the statutes, regulations and directives of applicable government funded or sponsored healthcare programs, and the regulations promulgated pursuant to such statutes, including but not limited to the coverage and payment provisions of Medicare (Title XVIII of the Social Security Act) and, Medicaid (Title XIX of the Social Security Act); (ii) HIPAA, as amended by the Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health Act (“HITECH Act”) (42 U.S.C. §§ 17921 et seq.), and the regulations promulgated thereunder and any state or non-U.S. counterpart thereof or other law or regulation the purpose of which is to protect the privacy of individuals or prescribers; and (iii) any and all other applicable health care laws and regulations applicable to the provision of healthcare services, including all applicable federal and state laws concerning telehealth, fee splitting and the practice of a healthcare profession. Neither the Company nor its subsidiaries has received written notice of any claim, action, suit, proceeding, hearing, enforcement, investigation, arbitration or other action from any court or arbitrator or governmental or regulatory authority or third party alleging that any product operation or activity is in material violation of any Health Care Laws, and, to the Company’s knowledge, no such claim, action, suit, proceeding, hearing, enforcement, investigation, arbitration or other action is threatened. Neither the Company, its subsidiaries, nor any of their officers, directors, employees, contractors and agents, is a party to any corporate integrity agreements, monitoring agreements, consent decrees,
settlement orders, or similar agreements with or imposed by any governmental or regulatory authority. Additionally, neither the Company including any of its employees, contractors, agents, officers or directors, nor its subsidiaries including any of the subsidiary’s employees, contractors, agents, officers or directors has been excluded, suspended or debarred from participation in any U.S. federal health care program or, to the knowledge of the Company, is subject to a governmental inquiry, investigation, proceeding, or other similar action that could reasonably be expected to result in debarment, suspension, or exclusion. The Company and its subsidiaries have filed, obtained, maintained or submitted all material reports, documents, forms, notices, applications, records, claims, submissions and supplements or amendments as required by the Health Care Laws, and all such reports, documents, forms, notices, applications, records, claims, submissions and supplements or amendments were timely, complete, accurate and not misleading on the date filed in all material respects (or were corrected or supplemented by a subsequent submission).
(rr)The Company and each of its subsidiaries are, and at all prior times were, in compliance with all applicable data privacy and security laws and regulations regarding the collection, use, transfer, storage, protection, disposal or disclosure of personally identifiable information or Personal Data, including but not limited to the California Consumer Privacy Act of 2018, and for which any non-compliance with same would be reasonably likely to create a material liability) (collectively, the “Privacy Laws”). “Personal Data” means (i) a natural person’s name, street address, telephone number, e-mail address, photograph, social security number or tax identification number, driver’s license number, passport number, credit card number, bank information, or customer or account number; (ii) any information which would qualify as “personally identifying information” under the Federal Trade Commission Act, as amended; (iii) any information which is classified as “personal data,” “personal information” (or similar term) under the Privacy Laws, and (iv) any other piece of information that allows the identification of such natural person, or his or her family, or permits the collection or analysis of any data related to an identified person’s health or sexual orientation, except any “protected health information” as defined by HIPAA. To ensure compliance with the Privacy Laws, the Company and its subsidiaries have in place, comply with, and take appropriate steps necessary to ensure compliance with their policies and procedures relating to data privacy and the collection, storage, use, disclosure, handling, and analysis of Personal Data (collectively, the “Policies”). At all times since inception, the Company has provided accurate notice of its Policies then in effect to the extent required by the Privacy Laws. Each of the Company Policies provides accurate and sufficient notice of the Company’s then-current privacy practices relating to its subject matter and such Company Policies do not contain any material omissions of the Company’s then-current privacy practices. The Company and its subsidiaries since inception have at all times made all disclosures to users or customers required by applicable laws and regulatory rules or requirements, including any Privacy Laws. None of such disclosures made or contained in any of the Policies have been inaccurate, misleading, deceptive or in violation of any Privacy Laws or Policies in any material respect. The execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement or any other agreement referred to in this
Agreement will not result in a breach of violation of any Privacy Laws or Policies. The Company further certifies that neither it nor any subsidiary: (i) has received notice of any actual or potential liability under or relating to, or actual or potential violation of, any of the Privacy Laws, and has no knowledge of any event or condition that would reasonably be expected to result in any such notice; (ii) is currently conducting or paying for, in whole or in part, any investigation, remediation, or other corrective action pursuant to any Privacy Law; or (iii) is a party to any order, decree, or agreement that imposes any obligation or liability under any Privacy Law.
(ss)The Company and its subsidiaries’ information technology assets and equipment, computers, technology systems and other systems, networks, hardware, software, websites, applications, and databases (collectively, “IT Systems”) are adequate for, and operate and perform in all material respects as required in connection with the operation of the business of the Company and its subsidiaries as currently conducted, free and clear of all material bugs, errors, defects, Trojan horses, time bombs, malware and other corruptants. The Company and its subsidiaries have implemented and maintained commercially reasonable controls, policies, procedures, and safeguards to maintain and protect its confidential information and the integrity, continuous operation, redundancy and security of all IT Systems (including all Personal Data and sensitive, confidential or regulated data (collectively, the “Confidential Data”)) and data used in connection with the operation of the Company or its subsidiaries. The Company and its subsidiaries have used reasonable efforts to establish, and have established, commercially reasonable disaster recovery and security plans, procedures and facilities for the business, including, without limitation, for the information technology systems and data held or used by or for the Company or any of its subsidiaries. There have been no security breaches or attacks, violations, outages or unauthorized uses of or accesses of the Confidential Data or other compromises of or relating to any such information technology system or data (except for those that have been remedied without material cost or liability or the duty to notify any other person). The Company and its subsidiaries are, and at all prior times were, in material compliance with all applicable laws or statutes and all judgments, orders, rules and regulations of any court or arbitrator or governmental or regulatory authority, internal policies and contractual obligations relating to the privacy and security of IT Systems and Confidential Data and to the protection of such IT Systems and Confidential Data from unauthorized use, access, misappropriation or modification.
(tt)The Registration Statement, the Prospectus, the Time of Sale Prospectus and any preliminary prospectus comply, and any amendments or supplements thereto will comply, with any applicable laws or regulations of foreign jurisdictions in which the Prospectus, the Time of Sale Prospectus or any preliminary prospectus, as amended or supplemented, if applicable, are distributed in connection with the Reserved Share Program.
(uu)No consent, approval, authorization or order of, or qualification with, any governmental body or agency, other than those obtained, is required in
connection with the offering of the Reserved Shares in any jurisdiction where the Reserved Shares are being offered.
(vv)The Company has not offered, or caused the Underwriters to offer or sell, Shares to any person pursuant to the Reserved Share Program with the specific intent to unlawfully influence (i) a customer or supplier of the Company to alter the customer’s or supplier’s level or type of business with the Company, or (ii) a trade journalist or publication to write or publish favorable information about the Company or its products.
2.Representations and Warranties of the Selling Shareholders. Each Selling Shareholder, severally and not jointly, represents and warrants to and agrees with each of the Underwriters that:
(a)This Agreement has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by or on behalf of such Selling Shareholder.
(b)The execution and delivery by such Selling Shareholder of, and the performance by such Selling Shareholder of its obligations under, this Agreement and the Irrevocable Agreement to Sell signed by such Selling Shareholder (the “Agreement to Sell”) will not contravene (i) any provision of applicable law, (ii) the certificate of incorporation or by-laws of such Selling Shareholder (if such Selling Shareholder is a corporation), (iii) any agreement or other instrument binding upon such Selling Shareholder or (iv) any judgment, order or decree of any governmental body, agency or court having jurisdiction over such Selling Shareholder, except in the case of clauses (i) and (iv), as would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on the ability of the Selling Shareholder to consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and the Agreement to Sell, and no consent, approval, authorization or order of, or qualification with, any governmental body, agency or court is required for the performance by such Selling Shareholder of its obligations under this Agreement, except such as have been obtained and made under the Securities Act or such as may be required by the Exchange Act or the rules and regulations thereunder or as may be required by the securities or Blue Sky laws of the various states or non-U.S. jurisdictions in connection with the offer and sale of the Shares.
(c)Such Selling Shareholder has, and on the Closing Date will have, valid title to, or a valid “security entitlement” within the meaning of Section 8-501 of the New York Uniform Commercial Code in respect of, the Shares to be sold by such Selling Shareholder free and clear of all security interests, claims, liens, equities or other encumbrances and the legal right and power, and all authorization and approval required by law, to enter into this Agreement and to sell, transfer and deliver the Shares to be sold by such Selling Shareholder or a security entitlement in respect of such Shares.
(d)Upon payment for the Shares to be sold by such Selling Shareholder pursuant to this Agreement, delivery of such Shares, as directed by the Underwriters, to Cede & Co. (“Cede”) or such other nominee as may be designated by the Depository
Trust Company (“DTC”), registration of such Shares in the name of Cede or such other nominee and the crediting of such Shares on the books of DTC to securities accounts of the Underwriters (assuming that neither DTC nor any such Underwriter has notice of any adverse claim (within the meaning of Section 8-105 of the New York Uniform Commercial Code (the “UCC”)) to such Shares), (A) DTC shall be a “protected purchaser” of such Shares within the meaning of Section 8-303 of the UCC, (B) under Section 8-501 of the UCC, the Underwriters will acquire a valid security entitlement in respect of such Shares and (C) no action based on any “adverse claim”, within the meaning of Section 8-102 of the UCC, to such Shares may be asserted against the Underwriters with respect to such security entitlement; for purposes of this representation, such Selling Shareholder may assume that when such payment, delivery and crediting occur, (x) such Shares will have been registered in the name of Cede or another nominee designated by DTC, in each case on the Company’s share registry in accordance with its certificate of incorporation, bylaws and applicable law, (y) DTC will be registered as a “clearing corporation” within the meaning of Section 8-102 of the UCC and (z) appropriate entries to the accounts of the several Underwriters on the records of DTC will have been made pursuant to the UCC.
(e)Such Selling Shareholder has delivered to the Representatives an executed lock-up agreement in substantially the form attached hereto as Exhibit A (the “Lock-up Agreement”).
(f)Such Selling Shareholder has no reason to believe that the representations and warranties of the Company contained in Section 1 are not true and correct, is familiar with the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Prospectus and the Prospectus and has no knowledge of any material fact, condition or information not disclosed in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Prospectus or the Prospectus that has had, or may have, a material adverse effect on the Company and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole. Such Selling Shareholder is not prompted by any information concerning the Company or its subsidiaries which is not set forth in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Prospectus or the Prospectus to sell its Shares pursuant to this Agreement.
(g)(i) The Registration Statement, when it became effective, did not contain and, as amended or supplemented, if applicable, will not, as of the date of such amendment or supplement, contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, (ii) the Registration Statement and the Prospectus comply and, as amended or supplemented, if applicable, will comply in all material respects with the Securities Act and the applicable rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder, (iii) the Time of Sale Prospectus does not, and at the time of each sale of the Shares in connection with the offering when the Prospectus is not yet available to prospective purchasers and at the Closing Date (as defined in Section 5), the Time of Sale Prospectus, as then amended or supplemented by the Company, if applicable, will not, contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not
misleading, (iv) each broadly available road show, if any, when considered together with the Time of Sale Prospectus, does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading and (v) the Prospectus as of its date does not contain and, as amended or supplemented, if applicable, will not contain, as of the date of such amendment or supplement, any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading, except that the representations and warranties set forth in this paragraph do not apply to statements or omissions in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Prospectus or the Prospectus based upon information relating to any Underwriter furnished to the Company in writing by such Underwriter through the Representatives expressly for use therein.
(h)(i) None of such Selling Shareholder or any of its subsidiaries, or, to the knowledge of such Selling Shareholder, any director, officer, employee, agent, representative, or affiliate thereof, is a Person that is, or is owned or controlled by one or more Persons that are:
(A)the subject of any Sanctions, or
(B)located, organized or resident in a country or territory that is the subject of Sanctions (including, without limitation, Crimea, Cuba, Iran, North Korea and Syria).
(ii)Such Selling Shareholder will not, directly or indirectly, use the proceeds of the offering, or lend, contribute or otherwise make available such proceeds to any subsidiary, joint venture partner or other Person:
(A)to fund or facilitate any activities or business of or with any Person or in any country or territory that, at the time of such funding or facilitation, is the subject of Sanctions; or
(B)in any other manner that will result in a violation of Sanctions by any Person (including any Person participating in the offering, whether as underwriter, advisor, investor or otherwise).
(iii)Such Selling Shareholder has not knowingly engaged in, is not now knowingly engaged in, and will not engage in, any dealings or transactions with any Person, or in any country or territory, that at the time of the dealing or transaction is or was the subject of Sanctions.
(iv)(a) None of such Selling Shareholder or any of its subsidiaries, or, to the knowledge of such Selling Shareholder, any director, officer, employee, agent, representative, or affiliate thereof has taken or will take any action in furtherance of an offer, payment, promise to pay, or authorization or approval of the payment giving or receipt of money, property, gifts or anything else of value,
directly or indirectly, to any Government Official in order to influence official action, or to any person in violation of any applicable anti-corruption laws; (b) such Selling Shareholder and each of its subsidiaries have conducted their businesses in compliance with applicable anti-corruption laws and, in the case of each Selling Shareholder that is an entity, have instituted and maintained and will continue to maintain policies and procedures reasonably designed to promote and achieve compliance with such laws and with the representations and warranties contained herein; and (c) neither the Selling Shareholder nor any of its subsidiaries will use, directly or indirectly, the proceeds of the offering in furtherance of an offer, payment, promise to pay, or authorization of the payment or giving of money, or anything else of value, to any person in violation of any applicable anti-corruption laws.
(v)In the case of each Selling Shareholder that is an entity, the operations of such Selling Shareholder and each of its subsidiaries are and have been conducted at all times in material compliance with all applicable Anti-Money Laundering Laws, and no action, suit or proceeding by or before any court or governmental agency, authority or body or any arbitrator involving such Selling Shareholder or any of its subsidiaries with respect to the Anti-Money Laundering Laws is pending or, to the best knowledge of the Selling Shareholder, threatened.
(i)Such Selling Shareholder represents and warrants that it is not (i) an employee benefit plan subject to Title I of ERISA, (ii) a plan or account subject to Section 4975 of the Code or (iii) an entity deemed to hold “plan assets” within the meaning of the Department of Labor regulation codified at 29 C.F.R. 2510.3-101, as modified by Section 3(42) of ERISA, or otherwise.
(j)Such Selling Shareholder has not taken and will not take, directly or indirectly, any action designed to or that could reasonably be expected to cause or result in any stabilization or manipulation of the price of the Shares.
3.Agreements to Sell and Purchase. Each Seller, severally and not jointly, agrees to sell to the several Underwriters, and each Underwriter, upon the basis of the representations and warranties herein contained, but subject to the terms and conditions hereinafter stated, agrees, severally and not jointly, to purchase from such Seller at $[●] a share (the “Purchase Price”) the number of Firm Shares (subject to such adjustments to eliminate fractional shares as the Representatives may determine) that bears the same proportion to the number of Firm Shares to be sold by such Seller as the number of Firm Shares set forth in Schedule II hereto opposite the name of such Underwriter bears to the total number of Firm Shares.
On the basis of the representations and warranties contained in this Agreement, and subject to its terms and conditions, the Company agrees to sell to the Underwriters the Additional Shares, and the Underwriters shall have the right to purchase, severally and not jointly, up to [●] Additional Shares at the Purchase Price, provided, however, that the amount paid by the Underwriters for any Additional Shares shall be reduced by an amount per share equal to any
dividends declared by the Company and payable on the Firm Shares but not payable on such Additional Shares. The Representatives may exercise this right on behalf of the Underwriters in whole or from time to time in part by giving written notice not later than 30 days after the date of this Agreement. Any exercise notice shall specify the number of Additional Shares to be purchased by the Underwriters and the date on which such shares are to be purchased. Each purchase date must be at least one business day after the written notice is given and may not be earlier than the closing date for the Firm Shares or later than ten business days after the date of such notice. Additional Shares may be purchased as provided in Section 5 hereof solely for the purpose of covering over-allotments made in connection with the offering of the Firm Shares. On each day, if any, that Additional Shares are to be purchased (an “Option Closing Date”), each Underwriter agrees, severally and not jointly, to purchase the number of Additional Shares (subject to such adjustments to eliminate fractional shares as the Representatives may determine) that bears the same proportion to the total number of Additional Shares to be purchased on such Option Closing Date as the number of Firm Shares set forth in Schedule II hereto opposite the name of such Underwriter bears to the total number of Firm Shares.
4.Terms of Public Offering. The Sellers are advised by the Representatives that the Underwriters propose to make a public offering of their respective portions of the Shares as soon after the Registration Statement and this Agreement have become effective as in the judgment of the Representatives is advisable. The Sellers are further advised by the Representatives that the Shares are to be offered to the public initially at $[●] a share (the “Public Offering Price”) and to certain dealers selected by the Representatives at a price that represents a concession not in excess of $[●] a share under the Public Offering Price, and that any Underwriter may allow, and such dealers may reallow, a concession, not in excess of $[●] a share, to any Underwriter or to certain other dealers.
5.Payment and Delivery. Payment for the Firm Shares to be sold by each Seller shall be made to such Seller in Federal or other funds immediately available in New York City against delivery of such Firm Shares for the respective accounts of the several Underwriters at 10:00 a.m., New York City time, on [●], 2021,1 or at such other time on the same or such other date, not later than [●], 2021,2 as shall be designated in writing by the Representatives. The time and date of such payment are hereinafter referred to as the “Closing Date.”
Payment for any Additional Shares shall be made to the Company in Federal or other funds immediately available in New York City against delivery of such Additional Shares for the respective accounts of the several Underwriters at 10:00 a.m., New York City time, on the date specified in the corresponding notice described in Section 3 or at such other time on the same or on such other date, in any event not later than [●], 2021,3 as shall be designated in writing by the Representatives.
The Firm Shares and Additional Shares shall be registered in such names and in such denominations as Morgan Stanley shall request not later than one full business day prior to the
1 Insert date 2 business days or, in the event the offering is priced after 4:30 p.m. Eastern Time, 3 business days after date of Underwriting Agreement.
2 Insert date 5 business days after the date inserted in accordance with previous footnote.
3 Insert date 10 business days after the expiration of the green shoe option.
Closing Date or the applicable Option Closing Date, as the case may be. The Firm Shares and Additional Shares shall be delivered to Morgan Stanley on the Closing Date or an Option Closing Date, as the case may be, for the respective accounts of the several Underwriters. The Purchase Price payable by the Underwriters shall be reduced by (i) any transfer taxes paid by, or on behalf of, the Underwriters in connection with the transfer of the Shares to the Underwriters duly paid and (ii) any withholding required by law.
6.Conditions to the Underwriters’ Obligations. The obligations of the Sellers to sell the Shares to the Underwriters and the several obligations of the Underwriters to purchase and pay for the Shares on the Closing Date are subject to the condition that the Registration Statement shall have become effective not later than [5:00 p.m.] (New York City time) on the date hereof.
The several obligations of the Underwriters are subject to the following further conditions:
(a)Subsequent to the execution and delivery of this Agreement and prior to the Closing Date:
(i)no order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement shall be in effect, and no proceeding for such purpose or pursuant to Section 8A under the Securities Act shall be pending before or, to the Company’s knowledge, threatened by the Commission;
(ii)there shall not have occurred any downgrading, nor shall any notice have been given of any intended or potential downgrading or of any review for a possible change that does not indicate the direction of the possible change, in the rating accorded any of the securities of the Company or any of its subsidiaries by any “nationally recognized statistical rating organization,” as such term is defined in Section 3(a)(62) of the Exchange Act; and
(iii)there shall not have occurred any change, or any development involving a prospective change, in the condition, financial or otherwise, or in the earnings, business or operations of the Company and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole, from that set forth in the Time of Sale Prospectus and the Prospectus that, in the judgment of the Representatives, is material and adverse and that makes it, in the judgment of the Representatives, impracticable to market the Shares on the terms and in the manner contemplated in the Time of Sale Prospectus and the Prospectus.
(b)The Underwriters shall have received on the Closing Date a certificate, dated the Closing Date and signed by an executive officer of the Company, to the effect set forth in Sections 6(a)(i) and 6(a)(ii) above and to the effect that the representations and warranties of the Company contained in this Agreement are true and correct as of the Closing Date and that the Company has complied with all of the agreements and satisfied all of the conditions on its part to be performed or satisfied hereunder on or before the Closing Date.
The officer signing and delivering such certificate may rely upon the best of his or her knowledge as to proceedings threatened.
(c)The Underwriters shall have received on the Closing Date an opinion and negative assurance letter of Goodwin Procter LLP, outside counsel for the Company, dated the Closing Date, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Representatives.
(d)The Underwriters shall have received on the Closing Date an opinion and negative assurance letter of Goodwin Procter LLP, counsel for the Selling Shareholders, dated the Closing Date, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Representatives.
(e)The Underwriters shall have received on the Closing Date an opinion and negative assurance letter of Cooley LLP, counsel for the Underwriters, dated the Closing Date, in form and substance satisfactory to the Underwriters.
With respect to Sections 6(c), 6(d) and 6(e) above, Goodwin Procter LLP and Cooley LLP may state that their opinions and beliefs are based upon their participation in the preparation of the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Prospectus and the Prospectus and any amendments or supplements thereto and review and discussion of the contents thereof, but are without independent check or verification, except as specified. With respect to Section 6(d) above, Goodwin Procter LLP may rely upon an opinion or opinions of counsel for any Selling Shareholders and, with respect to factual matters and to the extent such counsel deems appropriate, upon the representations of each Selling Shareholder contained herein and in other documents and instruments; provided that (A) each such counsel for the Selling Shareholders is satisfactory to Underwriters’ counsel, (B) a copy of each opinion so relied upon is delivered to the Representatives and is in form and substance satisfactory to Underwriters’ counsel, (C) copies of any such other documents and instruments shall be delivered to the Representatives and shall be in form and substance satisfactory to Underwriters’ counsel and (D) Goodwin Procter LLP shall state in their opinion that they are justified in relying on each such other opinion.
The opinions and negative assurance letters of Goodwin Procter LLP described in Section 6(c) and 6(d) above (and any opinions of counsel for any Selling Shareholder referred to in the immediately preceding paragraph) shall be rendered to the Underwriters at the request of the Company or one or more of the Selling Shareholders, as the case may be, and shall so state therein.
(f)The Underwriters shall have received, on each of the date hereof and the Closing Date, a letter dated the date hereof or the Closing Date, as the case may be, in form and substance satisfactory to the Underwriters, from Deloitte & Touche LLP, independent public accountants, containing statements and information of the type ordinarily included in accountants’ “comfort letters” to underwriters with respect to the financial statements and certain financial information contained in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Prospectus and the Prospectus; provided that the letter delivered on the Closing Date shall use a “cut-off date” not earlier than the date hereof.
(g)The Lock-up Agreements, each substantially in the form of Exhibit A hereto, executed by substantially all securityholders, and all officers and directors of the Company relating to restrictions on sales and certain other dispositions of shares of Common Stock or certain other securities, delivered to the Representatives on or before the date hereof, shall be in full force and effect on the Closing Date.
(h)The chief financial officer of the Company shall have delivered to the Underwriters, on each of the date hereof and on the Closing Date, a certificate in a form reasonably acceptable to the Representatives.
(i)The several obligations of the Underwriters to purchase Additional Shares hereunder are subject to the delivery to the Representatives on the applicable Option Closing Date of the following:
(i)a certificate, dated the Option Closing Date and signed by an executive officer of the Company, confirming that the certificate delivered on the Closing Date pursuant to Section 6(b) hereof remains true and correct as of such Option Closing Date;
(ii)an opinion and negative assurance letter of Goodwin Procter LLP, outside counsel for the Company, dated the Option Closing Date, relating to the Additional Shares to be purchased on such Option Closing Date and otherwise to the same effect as the opinion required by Section 6(c) hereof;
(iii)an opinion and negative assurance letter of Goodwin Procter LLP, outside counsel for the Selling Shareholders, dated the Option Closing Date, relating to the Additional Shares to be purchased on such Option Closing Date and otherwise to the same effect as the opinion required by Section 6(d) hereof;
(iv)an opinion and negative assurance letter of Cooley LLP, counsel for the Underwriters, dated the Option Closing Date, relating to the Additional Shares to be purchased on such Option Closing Date and otherwise to the same effect as the opinion required by Section 6(e) hereof;
(v)a letter dated the Option Closing Date, in form and substance satisfactory to the Underwriters, from Deloitte & Touche LLP, independent public accountants, substantially in the same form and substance as the letter furnished to the Underwriters pursuant to Section 6(f) hereof; provided that the letter delivered on the Option Closing Date shall use a “cut-off date” not earlier than two business days prior to such Option Closing Date;
(vi)a certificate, dated the Option Closing Date and signed by the chief financial officer of the Company substantially in the same form and substance as the letter furnished to the Underwriters pursuant to Section 6(h) hereof; and
(vii)such other documents as the Representatives may reasonably request with respect to the good standing of the Company, the due authorization and issuance of the Additional Shares to be sold on such Option Closing Date and other matters related to the issuance of such Additional Shares.
7.Covenants of the Company. The Company covenants with each Underwriter as follows:
(a)To furnish to the Representatives, without charge, five signed copies of the Registration Statement (including exhibits thereto) and for delivery to each other Underwriter a conformed copy of the Registration Statement (without exhibits thereto) and to furnish to the Representatives in New York City, without charge, prior to 10:00 a.m. New York City time on the business day next succeeding the date of this Agreement and during the period mentioned in Section 7(e) or 7(f) below, as many copies of the Time of Sale Prospectus, the Prospectus and any supplements and amendments thereto or to the Registration Statement as the Representatives may reasonably request.
(b)Before amending or supplementing the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Prospectus or the Prospectus, to furnish to the Representatives a copy of each such proposed amendment or supplement and not to file any such proposed amendment or supplement to which the Representatives reasonably object, and to file with the Commission within the applicable period specified in Rule 424(b) under the Securities Act any prospectus required to be filed pursuant to such Rule.
(c)To furnish to the Representatives a copy of each proposed free writing prospectus to be prepared by or on behalf of, used by, or referred to by the Company and not to use or refer to any proposed free writing prospectus to which the Representatives reasonably object.
(d)Not to take any action that would result in an Underwriter or the Company being required to file with the Commission pursuant to Rule 433(d) under the Securities Act a free writing prospectus prepared by or on behalf of the Underwriter that the Underwriter otherwise would not have been required to file thereunder.
(e)If the Time of Sale Prospectus is being used to solicit offers to buy the Shares at a time when the Prospectus is not yet available to prospective purchasers and any event shall occur or condition exist as a result of which it is necessary to amend or supplement the Time of Sale Prospectus in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading, or if any event shall occur or condition exist as a result of which the Time of Sale Prospectus conflicts with the information contained in the Registration Statement then on file, or if, in the opinion of counsel for the Underwriters, it is necessary to amend or supplement the Time of Sale Prospectus to comply with applicable law, forthwith to prepare, file with the Commission and furnish, at its own expense, to the Underwriters and to any dealer upon request, either amendments or supplements to the Time of Sale Prospectus so that the statements in the Time of Sale Prospectus as so amended or supplemented will not, in the
light of the circumstances when the Time of Sale Prospectus is delivered to a prospective purchaser, be misleading or so that the Time of Sale Prospectus, as amended or supplemented, will no longer conflict with the Registration Statement, or so that the Time of Sale Prospectus, as amended or supplemented, will comply with applicable law.
(f)If, during such period after the first date of the public offering of the Shares as in the opinion of counsel for the Underwriters the Prospectus (or in lieu thereof the notice referred to in Rule 173(a) of the Securities Act) is required by law to be delivered in connection with sales by an Underwriter or dealer, any event shall occur or condition exist as a result of which it is necessary to amend or supplement the Prospectus in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances when the Prospectus (or in lieu thereof the notice referred to in Rule 173(a) of the Securities Act) is delivered to a purchaser, not misleading, or if, in the opinion of counsel for the Underwriters, it is necessary to amend or supplement the Prospectus to comply with applicable law, forthwith to prepare, file with the Commission and furnish, at its own expense, to the Underwriters and to the dealers (whose names and addresses the Representatives will furnish to the Company) to which Shares may have been sold by the Representatives on behalf of the Underwriters and to any other dealers upon request, either amendments or supplements to the Prospectus so that the statements in the Prospectus as so amended or supplemented will not, in the light of the circumstances when the Prospectus (or in lieu thereof the notice referred to in Rule 173(a) of the Securities Act) is delivered to a purchaser, be misleading or so that the Prospectus, as amended or supplemented, will comply with applicable law.
(g)To endeavor to qualify the Shares for offer and sale under the securities or Blue Sky laws of such jurisdictions as the Representatives shall reasonably request; provided, however, that nothing contained herein shall require the Company to qualify to do business in any jurisdiction, to execute a general consent to service of process in any jurisdiction or to subject itself to taxation in any jurisdiction in which is it not otherwise subject.
(h)To make generally available (which may be satisfied by filing with the Commission on its Electronic Data Gathering Analysis and Retrieval System) to the Company’s security holders and to the Representatives as soon as practicable an earnings statement covering a period of at least twelve months beginning with the first fiscal quarter of the Company occurring after the date of this Agreement which shall satisfy the provisions of Section 11(a) of the Securities Act and the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder.
(i)To comply with all applicable securities and other laws, rules and regulations in each jurisdiction in which the Reserved Shares are offered in connection with the Reserved Share Program.
(j)If any Seller is not a U.S. person for U.S. federal income tax purposes, the Company will deliver to each Underwriter (or its agent), on or before the Closing Date, a certificate with respect to the Company’s status as a “United States real property holding
corporation,” dated not more than thirty (30) days prior to the Closing Date, as described in Treasury Regulations Sections 1.897-2(h) and 1.1445-2(c)(3), and proof of mailing to the IRS of the required notice, as described in Treasury Regulations 1.897-2(h)(2).
(k)The Company will promptly notify the Representatives if the Company ceases to be an Emerging Growth Company at any time prior to the later of (a) completion of the distribution of the Shares within the meaning of the Securities Act and (b) completion of the Restricted Period (as defined in this Section 7).
(l)If at any time following the distribution of any Testing-the-Waters Communication that is a written communication within the meaning of Rule 405 under the Securities Act there occurred or occurs an event or development as a result of which such Testing-the-Waters Communication included or would include an untrue statement of a material fact or omitted or would omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances existing at that subsequent time, not misleading, the Company will promptly notify the Representatives and will promptly amend or supplement, at its own expense, such Testing-the-Waters Communication to eliminate or correct such untrue statement or omission.
(m)The Company will deliver to each Underwriter (or its agent), on the date of execution of this Agreement, a properly completed and executed Certification Regarding Beneficial Owners of Legal Entity Customers, together with copies of identifying documentation, and the Company undertakes to provide such additional supporting documentation as each Underwriter may reasonably request in connection with the verification of the foregoing Certification.
The Company also covenants with each Underwriter that, without the prior written consent of Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC, Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC and J.P. Morgan Securities LLC, it will not, and will not publicly disclose an intention to, during the period ending 180 days after the date of the Prospectus (the “Restricted Period”) (1) offer, pledge, sell, contract to sell, sell any option or contract to purchase, purchase any option or contract to sell, grant any option, right or warrant to purchase, lend, or otherwise transfer or dispose of, directly or indirectly, any shares of Common Stock or any securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for Common Stock or (2) enter into any swap or other arrangement that transfers to another, in whole or in part, any of the economic consequences of ownership of the Common Stock, whether any such transaction described in clause (1) or (2) above is to be settled by delivery of Common Stock or such other securities, in cash or otherwise or (3) confidentially submit any draft registration statement or file any registration statement with the Commission relating to the offering of any shares of Common Stock or any securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for Common Stock.
The restrictions contained in the preceding paragraph shall not apply to (i) Shares to be sold hereunder, (ii) any shares of Common Stock issued upon the reclassification and exchange of common stock outstanding on the date of this Agreement in connection with the offering contemplated by this Agreement and as described in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, (iii) the issuance by the Company of Common Stock upon the exercise of options
outstanding as of the date of this Agreement or issued after the date of this Agreement pursuant to the Company’s equity plans in effect as of the date of this Agreement and as described in the Time of Sale Prospectus and Prospectus, provided that the Company shall cause each recipient of such securities to execute and deliver a “lock-up” agreement substantially in the form of Exhibit A hereto, (iv) the issuance by the Company of shares of Common Stock or securities convertible into, exchangeable for or that represent that right to receive shares of Common Stock, in each case pursuant to the Company’s equity plans in effect as of the date of this Agreement and as described in the Time of Sale Prospectus and Prospectus, provided that the Company shall cause each recipient of such securities to execute and deliver a “lock-up” agreement substantially in the form of Exhibit A hereto, (v) the issuance by the Company of shares of Common Stock pursuant to the exercise of outstanding warrants described in the Time of Sale Prospectus and Prospectus, provided that the Company shall cause each recipient of such securities to execute and deliver a “lock-up” agreement substantially in the form of Exhibit A hereto, (vi) the issuance by the Company of shares of Class A Common Stock upon the conversion of shares of Class B Common Stock, provided that the Company shall cause each recipient of such securities to execute and deliver a “lock-up” agreement substantially in the form of Exhibit A hereto, (vii) the issuance by the Company of shares of Common Stock or securities convertible into, exchangeable for or that represent the right to receive shares of Common Stock in connection with (x) the acquisition by the Company or any of its subsidiaries of the securities, businesses, technology, property or other assets of another person or entity or pursuant to an employee benefit plan assumed by the Company in connection with such acquisition, and the issuance of any such securities pursuant to any such agreement, or (y) the Company's joint ventures, commercial relationships and other strategic relationships, provided that the Company shall cause each recipient of such securities to execute and deliver a “lock-up” agreement substantially in the form of Exhibit A hereto, or (viii) the filing of any registration statement on Form S-8 relating to the securities granted or to be granted pursuant to (A) the Company's equity plans that are described in the Time of Sale Prospectus and Prospectus or (B) any assumed employee benefit plan contemplated by clause (vi); provided, that the aggregate number of shares of Stock that the Company may sell or issue or agree to sell or issue pursuant to clause (vii) shall not exceed 10% of the total number of shares of common stock of the Company outstanding immediately following the issuance of the Shares contemplated by this Agreement. If Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC, Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC and J.P. Morgan Securities LLC, in their sole discretion, agrees to release or waive the restrictions on the transfer of Shares set forth in a Lock-up Agreement for an officer or director of the Company and provides the Company with notice of the impending release or waiver at least three business days before the effective date of the release or waiver, the Company agrees to announce the impending release or waiver by (i) a press release substantially in the form of Exhibit B hereto through a major news service or (ii) any other method that satisfies the obligations described in FINRA Rule 5131(d)(2) at least two business days before the effective date of the release or waiver.
The Company will enforce the terms of all existing agreements, plans and arrangements restricting the transfer by any holder of such holder’s shares of Common Stock or securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for Common Stock (the “Securities”) following the offering of the Shares contemplated hereby. The Company will issue stop-transfer instructions to the transfer agent with respect to any transaction that would constitute a breach of,
or default under, such provisions. During the Restricted Period, the Company will enforce, and not waive or amend, such stop-transfer instructions and any transfer restriction, including any “market standoff,” “holdback” or similar agreement or provision, applicable to any Securities unless the Company shall have obtained the prior written consent of the Representatives; provided that this paragraph shall not prohibit the Company from effecting such a waiver or amendment to permit a transfer of securities which is permissible under the terms of the Lock-up Agreements described in Section 6(g).
8.Covenants of the Sellers. Each Seller, severally and not jointly, covenants with each Underwriter as follows:
(a)Each Seller will deliver to each Underwriter (or its agent), prior to or at the Closing Date, a properly completed and executed Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) Form W-9 or an IRS Form W-8, as appropriate, together with all required attachments to such form.
(b)Each Seller will deliver to each Underwriter (or its agent), on the date of execution of this Agreement, a properly completed and executed Certification Regarding Beneficial Owners of Legal Entity Customers, together with copies of identifying documentation, and each Seller undertakes to provide such additional supporting documentation as each Underwriter may reasonably request in connection with the verification of the foregoing Certification.
9.Expenses. Whether or not the transactions contemplated in this Agreement are consummated or this Agreement is terminated, the Company agrees to pay or cause to be paid all expenses incident to the performance of the obligations of the Sellers under this Agreement, including: (i) the fees, disbursements and expenses of the Company’s counsel, the Company’s accountants and counsel for the Selling Shareholders in connection with the registration and delivery of the Shares under the Securities Act and all other fees or expenses in connection with the preparation and filing of the Registration Statement, any preliminary prospectus, the Time of Sale Prospectus, the Prospectus, any free writing prospectus prepared by or on behalf of, used by, or referred to by the Company and amendments and supplements to any of the foregoing, including all printing costs associated therewith, and the mailing and delivering of copies thereof to the Underwriters and dealers, in the quantities hereinabove specified, (ii) all costs and expenses related to the transfer and delivery of the Shares to the Underwriters, including any transfer or other taxes payable thereon, (iii) the cost of printing or producing any Blue Sky or Legal Investment memorandum in connection with the offer and sale of the Shares under state securities laws and all expenses in connection with the qualification of the Shares for offer and sale under state securities laws as provided in Section 7(g) hereof, including filing fees and the reasonable fees and disbursements of counsel for the Underwriters in connection with such qualification and in connection with the Blue Sky or Legal Investment memorandum, (iv) all filing fees and the reasonable fees and disbursements of counsel to the Underwriters incurred in connection with the review and qualification of the offering of the Shares by FINRA (provided that the amount payable by the Company with respect to fees and disbursements of counsel for the Underwriters pursuant to subsections (iii) and (iv) shall not exceed $50,000 in the aggregate), (v) all fees and expenses in
connection with the preparation and filing of the registration statement on Form 8-A relating to the Class A Common Stock and all costs and expenses incident to listing the Shares on the NYSE, (vi) the cost of printing certificates representing the Shares, (vii) the costs and charges of any transfer agent, registrar or depositary, (viii) the costs and expenses of the Company relating to investor presentations on any “road show” undertaken in connection with the marketing of the offering of the Shares, including, without limitation, expenses associated with the preparation or dissemination of any electronic road show, expenses associated with the production of road show slides and graphics, fees and expenses of any consultants engaged in connection with the road show presentations with the prior approval of the Company, travel and lodging expenses of the representatives and officers of the Company and any such consultants, and the cost of any aircraft chartered in connection with the road show, (ix) the document production charges and expenses associated with printing this Agreement, (x) all fees and disbursements of counsel incurred by the Underwriters in connection with the Reserved Share Program and stamp duties, similar taxes or duties or other taxes, if any, incurred by the Underwriters in connection with the Reserved Share Program and (xi) all other costs and expenses incident to the performance of the obligations of the Company hereunder for which provision is not otherwise made in this Section. It is understood, however, that except as provided in this Section, Section 11 entitled “Indemnity and Contribution,” Section 12 entitled “Reserved Share Program Indemnification” and the last paragraph of Section 14 below, the Underwriters will pay all of their costs and expenses, including fees and disbursements of their counsel, stock transfer taxes payable on resale of any of the Shares by them and any advertising expenses connected with any offers they may make.
The provisions of this Section shall not supersede or otherwise affect any agreement that the Sellers may otherwise have for the allocation of such expenses among themselves.
10.Covenants of the Underwriters. Each Underwriter severally and not jointly, covenants with the Company not to take any action that would result in the Company being required to file with the Commission under Rule 433(d) a free writing prospectus prepared by or on behalf of such Underwriter that otherwise would not be required to be filed by the Company thereunder, but for the action of the Underwriter.
11.Indemnity and Contribution.
(a)The Company agrees to indemnify and hold harmless (1) each Underwriter, each person, if any, who controls any Underwriter within the meaning of either Section 15 of the Securities Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act and each affiliate of any Underwriter within the meaning of Rule 405 under the Securities Act from and against any and all losses, claims, damages and liabilities (including, without limitation, any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred in connection with defending or investigating any such action or claim) that arise out of, or are based upon, any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in the Registration Statement or any amendment thereof, any preliminary prospectus, the Time of Sale Prospectus or any amendment or supplement thereto, any issuer free writing prospectus as defined in Rule 433(h) under the Securities Act, any Company information that the Company has filed, or is required to file, pursuant to Rule 433(d) under the Securities
Act, any road show as defined in Rule 433(h) under the Securities Act (a “road show”), the Prospectus or any amendment or supplement thereto, or any Testing-the-Waters Communication, or arise out of, or are based upon, any omission or alleged omission to state therein a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, except insofar as such losses, claims, damages or liabilities arise out of, or are based upon any such untrue statement or omission or alleged untrue statement or omission made in reliance upon and in conformity with any information relating to any Underwriter furnished to the Company in writing by such Underwriter through the Representatives expressly for use therein, it being understood and agreed that the only such information furnished by the Underwriters through Morgan Stanley consists of the information described as such in paragraph (c) below, and (2) each Selling Shareholder and each person, if any, who controls the Selling Shareholder within the meaning of either Section 15 of the Securities Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act from and against any and all losses, claims, damages and liabilities (including, without limitation, any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred in connection with defending or investigating any such action or claim) that arise out of, or are based upon, any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in the Registration Statement or any amendment thereof, any preliminary prospectus, the Time of Sale Prospectus or any amendment or supplement thereto, any issuer free writing prospectus as defined in Rule 433(h) under the Securities Act, any Company information that the Company has filed, or is required to file, pursuant to Rule 433(d) under the Securities Act, any road show, the Prospectus or any amendment or supplement thereto, or any Testing-the-Waters Communication, or arise out of, or are based upon, any omission or alleged omission to state therein a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, except insofar as such losses, claims, damages or liabilities arise out of, or are based upon any such untrue statement or omission or alleged untrue statement or omission made in reliance upon and in conformity with the Selling Shareholder Information (as defined below). The Company agrees and confirms that references to “affiliates” of Morgan Stanley that appear in this Agreement shall be understood to include Mitsubishi UFJ Morgan Stanley Securities Co., Ltd.
(b)Each Selling Shareholder agrees, severally and not jointly, to indemnify and hold harmless each Underwriter, each person, if any, who controls any Underwriter within the meaning of either Section 15 of the Securities Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act, and each affiliate of any Underwriter within the meaning of Rule 405 under the Securities Act from and against any and all losses, claims, damages and liabilities (including, without limitation, any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred in connection with defending or investigating any such action or claim) that arise out of, or based upon, any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in the Registration Statement or any amendment thereof, any preliminary prospectus, the Time of Sale Prospectus or any amendment or supplement thereto, any issuer free writing prospectus as defined in Rule 433(h) under the Securities Act, any road show, the Prospectus or any amendment or supplement thereto, or any Testing-the-Waters Communication, or arise out of, or are based upon, any omission or alleged
omission to state therein a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, in each case to the extent, but only to the extent, that such untrue statement or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission was made in the Registration Statement, any preliminary prospectus, the Time of Sale Prospectus or any amendment or supplement thereto, any issuer free writing prospectus as defined in Rule 433(h) under the Securities Act, any road show, the Prospectus or any amendment or supplement thereto, or any Testing-the-Waters Communication, in reliance on and in conformity with the information with respect to such Selling Shareholder which appear in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Prospectus or any Prospectus in the table (and corresponding footnotes) under the caption “Principal and Selling Stockholders” (the “Selling Shareholder Information”). The liability of each Selling Shareholder under the indemnity agreement contained in this paragraph shall be limited to an amount equal to the aggregate Public Offering Price (less underwriting discounts and commissions but before deducting expenses) of the Shares sold by such Selling Shareholder under this Agreement (with respect to each Selling Shareholder the “Selling Shareholder Proceeds”).
(c)Each Underwriter agrees, severally and not jointly, to indemnify and hold harmless the Company, the Selling Shareholders, the directors of the Company, the officers of the Company who sign the Registration Statement and each person, if any, who controls the Company or any Selling Shareholder within the meaning of either Section 15 of the Securities Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act from and against any and all losses, claims, damages and liabilities (including, without limitation, any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred in connection with defending or investigating any such action or claim) that arise out of, or are based upon, any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in the Registration Statement or any amendment thereof, any preliminary prospectus, the Time of Sale Prospectus or any amendment or supplement thereto, any issuer free writing prospectus as defined in Rule 433(h) under the Securities Act, any Company information that the Company has filed, or is required to file, pursuant to Rule 433(d) under the Securities Act, any road show or the Prospectus or any amendment or supplement thereto, or arise out of, or are based upon, any omission or alleged omission to state therein a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, but only with reference to information relating to such Underwriter furnished to the Company in writing by such Underwriter through the Representatives expressly for use in the Registration Statement, any preliminary prospectus, the Time of Sale Prospectus, any issuer free writing prospectus, road show or the Prospectus or any amendment or supplement thereto, it being understood and agreed that the only such information furnished by any Underwriter through the Representatives consists of the following information in the Prospectus: the concession figure in the [●] paragraph and the information set forth in the [●] and [●] paragraphs, in each case under the caption “Underwriting” (the “Underwriter Information”).
(d)In case any proceeding (including any governmental investigation) shall be instituted involving any person in respect of which indemnity may be sought pursuant
to Section 11(a), 11(b) or 11(c) such person (the “indemnified party”) shall promptly notify the person against whom such indemnity may be sought (the “indemnifying party”) in writing and the indemnifying party, upon request of the indemnified party, shall retain counsel reasonably satisfactory to the indemnified party to represent the indemnified party and any others the indemnifying party may designate in such proceeding and shall pay the reasonably incurred fees and disbursements of such counsel related to such proceeding. In any such proceeding, any indemnified party shall have the right to retain its own counsel, but the fees and expenses of such counsel shall be at the expense of such indemnified party unless (i) the indemnifying party and the indemnified party shall have mutually agreed to the retention of such counsel or (ii) the named parties to any such proceeding (including any impleaded parties) include both the indemnifying party and the indemnified party and representation of both parties by the same counsel would be inappropriate due to actual or potential differing interests between them. It is understood that the indemnifying party shall not, in respect of the legal expenses of any indemnified party in connection with any proceeding or related proceedings in the same jurisdiction, be liable for (i) the fees and expenses of more than one separate firm (in addition to any local counsel) for all Underwriters and all persons, if any, who control any Underwriter within the meaning of either Section 15 of the Securities Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act or who are affiliates of any Underwriter within the meaning of Rule 405 under the Securities Act, (ii) the fees and expenses of more than one separate firm (in addition to any local counsel) for the Company, its directors, its officers who sign the Registration Statement and each person, if any, who controls the Company within the meaning of either such Section and (iii) the fees and expenses of more than one separate firm (in addition to any local counsel) for all Selling Shareholders and all persons, if any, who control any Selling Shareholder within the meaning of either such Section, and that all such fees and expenses shall be reimbursed as they are incurred. In the case of any such separate firm for the Underwriters and such control persons and affiliates of any Underwriters, such firm shall be designated in writing by the Representatives. In the case of any such separate firm for the Company, and such directors, officers and control persons of the Company, such firm shall be designated in writing by the Company. In the case of any such separate firm for the Selling Shareholders and such control persons of any Selling Shareholders, such firm shall be designated by the Selling Shareholders. The indemnifying party shall not be liable for any settlement of any proceeding effected without its written consent, but if settled with such consent or if there be a final judgment for the plaintiff, the indemnifying party agrees to indemnify the indemnified party from and against any loss or liability by reason of such settlement or judgment. Notwithstanding the foregoing sentence, if at any time an indemnified party shall have requested an indemnifying party to reimburse the indemnified party for fees and expenses of counsel as contemplated by the second and third sentences of this paragraph, the indemnifying party agrees that it shall be liable for any settlement of any proceeding effected without its written consent if (i) such settlement is entered into more than 30 days after receipt by such indemnifying party of the aforesaid request and (ii) such indemnifying party shall not have reimbursed the indemnified party in accordance with such request prior to the date of such settlement. No indemnifying party shall, without the prior written consent of the indemnified party,
effect any settlement of any pending or threatened proceeding in respect of which any indemnified party is or could have been a party and indemnity could have been sought hereunder by such indemnified party, unless such settlement (x) includes an unconditional release of such indemnified party from all liability on claims that are the subject matter of such proceeding and (y) does not include any statements to or admission of fault, culpability or failure to act by or on behalf of any indemnified party.
(e)To the extent the indemnification provided for in Section 11(a), 11(b) or 11(c) is unavailable to an indemnified party or insufficient in respect of any losses, claims, damages or liabilities referred to therein, then each indemnifying party under such paragraph, in lieu of indemnifying such indemnified party thereunder, shall contribute to the amount paid or payable by such indemnified party as a result of such losses, claims, damages or liabilities (i) in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect the relative benefits received by the indemnifying party or parties on the one hand and the indemnified party or parties on the other hand from the offering of the Shares or (ii) if the allocation provided by clause 11(e)(i) above is not permitted by applicable law, in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect not only the relative benefits referred to in clause 11(e)(i) above but also the relative fault of the indemnifying party or parties on the one hand and of the indemnified party or parties on the other hand in connection with the statements or omissions that resulted in such losses, claims, damages or liabilities, as well as any other relevant equitable considerations. The relative benefits received by the Sellers on the one hand and the Underwriters on the other hand in connection with the offering of the Shares shall be deemed to be in the same respective proportions as the net proceeds from the offering of the Shares (before deducting expenses) received by each Seller and the total underwriting discounts and commissions received by the Underwriters, in each case as set forth in the table on the cover of the Prospectus, bear to the aggregate Public Offering Price of the Shares. The relative fault of the Sellers on the one hand and the Underwriters on the other hand shall be determined by reference to, among other things, whether the untrue or alleged untrue statement of a material fact or the omission or alleged omission to state a material fact relates to information supplied by the Sellers or by the Underwriters and the parties’ relative intent, knowledge, access to information and opportunity to correct or prevent such statement or omission. The Underwriters’ respective obligations to contribute pursuant to this Section 11 are several in proportion to the respective number of Shares they have purchased hereunder, and not joint. The Selling Shareholders’ obligations to contribute pursuant to this Section 11 are several, and not joint. The liability of each Selling Shareholder under the contribution agreement contained in this paragraph shall be limited to an amount equal to the Selling Stockholder Proceeds.
(f)The Sellers and the Underwriters agree that it would not be just or equitable if contribution pursuant to this Section 11 were determined by pro rata allocation (even if the Underwriters were treated as one entity for such purpose) or by any other method of allocation that does not take account of the equitable considerations referred to in Section 11(e). The amount paid or payable by an indemnified party as a result of the losses, claims, damages and liabilities referred to in Section 11(e) shall be
deemed to include, subject to the limitations set forth above, any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by such indemnified party in connection with investigating or defending any such action or claim. Notwithstanding the provisions of this Section 11, (i) no Underwriter shall be required to contribute any amount in excess of the amount by which the total price at which the Shares underwritten by it and distributed to the public were offered to the public exceeds the amount of any damages that such Underwriter has otherwise been required to pay by reason of such untrue or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission and (ii) no Selling Shareholder shall be required to contribute an amount in excess of the amount by which the Selling Shareholder Proceeds exceed the amount of any damages that such Selling Shareholder has otherwise been required to pay by reason of such untrue or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission. No person guilty of fraudulent misrepresentation (within the meaning of Section 11(f) of the Securities Act) shall be entitled to contribution from any person who was not guilty of such fraudulent misrepresentation. The remedies provided for in this Section 11 are not exclusive and shall not limit any rights or remedies which may otherwise be available to any indemnified party at law or in equity.
(g)The indemnity and contribution provisions contained in this Section 11 and the representations, warranties and other statements of the Company and the Selling Shareholders contained in this Agreement shall remain operative and in full force and effect regardless of (i) any termination of this Agreement, (ii) any investigation made by or on behalf of any Underwriter, any person controlling any Underwriter or any affiliate of any Underwriter, by or on behalf of any Selling Shareholder or any person controlling any Selling Shareholder, or by or on behalf of the Company, its officers or directors or any person controlling the Company and (iii) acceptance of and payment for any of the Shares.
12.Reserved Share Program Indemnification. (a) The Company agrees to indemnify and hold harmless the Underwriters and their affiliates and each person, if any, who controls an Underwriter within the meaning of either Section 15 of the Securities Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act (each a “Reserved Share Underwriter Entity”) from and against any and all losses, claims, damages and liabilities (including, without limitation, any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred in connection with defending or investigating any such action or claim) (1)that arise out of, or are based upon, any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in any material prepared by or with the consent of the Company for distribution to Participants in connection with the Reserved Share Program or arise out of, or are based upon, any omission or alleged omission to state therein a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading; (ii) that arise out of, or are based upon, the failure of any Participant to pay for and accept delivery of Reserved Shares that the Participant agreed to purchase; or (iii) related to, arising out of, or in connection with the Reserved Share Program, other than losses, claims, damages or liabilities (or expenses relating thereto) that are finally judicially determined to have resulted from the bad faith or gross negligence of the Reserved Share Underwriter Entity.
(b)In case any proceeding (including any governmental investigation) shall be instituted involving any Reserved Share Underwriter Entity in respect of which indemnity may be sought pursuant to Section 12(a), the Reserved Share Underwriter Entity seeking indemnity, shall promptly notify the Company in writing and the Company, upon request of the Reserved Share Underwriter Entity, shall retain counsel reasonably satisfactory to the Reserved Share Underwriter Entity to represent the Reserved Share Underwriter Entity and any others the Company may designate in such proceeding and shall pay the fees and disbursements of such counsel related to such proceeding. In any such proceeding, any Reserved Share Underwriter Entity shall have the right to retain its own counsel, but the fees and expenses of such counsel shall be at the expense of such Reserved Share Underwriter Entity unless (i) the Company shall have agreed to the retention of such counsel or (ii) the named parties to any such proceeding (including any impleaded parties) include both the Company and the Reserved Share Underwriter Entity and representation of both parties by the same counsel would be inappropriate due to actual or potential differing interests between them. The Company shall not, in respect of the legal expenses of the Reserved Share Underwriter Entities in connection with any proceeding or related proceedings in the same jurisdiction, be liable for the fees and expenses of more than one separate firm (in addition to any local counsel) for all Reserved Share Underwriter Entities. Any such separate firm for the Reserved Share Underwriter Entities shall be designated in writing by the Reserved Share Underwriter Entity. The Company shall not be liable for any settlement of any proceeding effected without its written consent, but if settled with such consent or if there be a final judgment for the plaintiff, the Company agrees to indemnify the Reserved Share Underwriter Entities from and against any loss or liability by reason of such settlement or judgment. Notwithstanding the foregoing sentence, if at any time a Reserved Share Underwriter Entity shall have requested the Company to reimburse it for fees and expenses of counsel as contemplated by the second and third sentences of this paragraph, the Company agrees that it shall be liable for any settlement of any proceeding effected without its written consent if (i) such settlement is entered into more than 30 days after receipt by the Company of the aforesaid request and (ii) the Company shall not have reimbursed the Reserved Share Underwriter Entity in accordance with such request prior to the date of such settlement. The Company shall not, without the prior written consent of the Reserved Share Underwriter Entity, effect any settlement of any pending or threatened proceeding in respect of which any Reserved Share Underwriter Entity is or could have been a party and indemnity could have been sought hereunder by such Reserved Share Underwriter Entity, unless such settlement includes an unconditional release of the Reserved Share Underwriter Entities from all liability on claims that are the subject matter of such proceeding.
(c)To the extent the indemnification provided for in Section 12(a) is unavailable to a Reserved Share Underwriter Entity or insufficient in respect of any losses, claims, damages or liabilities referred to therein, then the Company in lieu of indemnifying the Reserved Share Underwriter Entity thereunder, shall contribute to the amount paid or payable by the Reserved Share Underwriter Entity as a result of such losses, claims, damages or liabilities )i) in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect the
relative benefits received by the Company on the one hand and the Reserved Share Underwriter Entities on the other hand from the offering of the Reserved Shares or (ii)if the allocation provided by clause 12(c)(i) above is not permitted by applicable law, in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect not only the relative benefits referred to in clause 12(c)(i) above but also the relative fault of the Company on the one hand and of the Reserved Share Underwriter Entities on the other hand in connection with any statements or omissions that resulted in such losses, claims, damages or liabilities, as well as any other relevant equitable considerations. The relative benefits received by the Company on the one hand and the Reserved Share Underwriter Entities on the other hand in connection with the offering of the Reserved Shares shall be deemed to be in the same respective proportions as the net proceeds from the offering of the Reserved Shares (before deducting expenses) and the total underwriting discounts and commissions received by the Reserved Share Underwriter Entities for the Reserved Shares, bear to the aggregate Public Offering Price of the Reserved Shares. If the loss, claim, damage or liability is caused by an untrue or alleged untrue statement of a material fact or the omission or alleged omission to state a material fact, the relative fault of the Company on the one hand and the Reserved Share Underwriter Entities on the other hand shall be determined by reference to, among other things, whether the untrue or alleged untrue statement or the omission or alleged omission relates to information supplied by the Company or by the Reserved Share Underwriter Entities and the parties’ relative intent, knowledge, access to information and opportunity to correct or prevent such statement or omission.
(d)The Company and the Reserved Share Underwriter Entities agree that it would not be just or equitable if contribution pursuant to this Section 12 were determined by pro rata allocation (even if the Reserved Share Underwriter Entities were treated as one entity for such purpose) or by any other method of allocation that does not take account of the equitable considerations referred to in Section 12(c). The amount paid or payable by the Reserved Share Underwriter Entities as a result of the losses, claims, damages and liabilities referred to in the immediately preceding paragraph shall be deemed to include, subject to the limitations set forth above, any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by the Reserved Share Underwriter Entities in connection with investigating or defending any such action or claim. Notwithstanding the provisions of this Section 12, no Reserved Share Underwriter Entity shall be required to contribute any amount in excess of the amount by which the total price at which the Reserved Shares distributed to the public were offered to the public exceeds the amount of any damages that such Reserved Share Underwriter Entity has otherwise been required to pay. The remedies provided for in this Section 12 are not exclusive and shall not limit any rights or remedies which may otherwise be available to any indemnified party at law or in equity.
(e)The indemnity and contribution provisions contained in this Section 12 shall remain operative and in full force and effect regardless of (i) any termination of this Agreement, (ii) any investigation made by or on behalf of any Reserved Share Underwriter Entity or the Company, its officers or directors or any person controlling the Company and (iii) acceptance of and payment for any of the Reserved Shares.
13.Termination. The Underwriters may terminate this Agreement by notice given by the Representatives to the Company, if after the execution and delivery of this Agreement and prior to or on the Closing Date or any Option Closing Date, as the case may be, (i) trading generally shall have been suspended or materially limited on, or by, as the case may be, any of the New York Stock Exchange, the NYSE American, the Nasdaq Global Market, the Chicago Board of Options Exchange, the Chicago Mercantile Exchange or the Chicago Board of Trade or other relevant exchanges, (ii) trading of any securities of the Company shall have been suspended on any exchange or in any over-the-counter market, (iii) a material disruption in securities settlement, payment or clearance services in the United States or other relevant jurisdiction shall have occurred, (iv) any moratorium on commercial banking activities shall have been declared by Federal or New York State authorities or (v) there shall have occurred any outbreak or escalation of hostilities, or any change in financial markets or any calamity or crisis that, in the judgment of the Representatives, is material and adverse and which, singly or together with any other event specified in this clause (v), makes it, in the judgment of the Representatives, impracticable or inadvisable to proceed with the offer, sale or delivery of the Shares on the terms and in the manner contemplated in the Time of Sale Prospectus or the Prospectus.
14.Effectiveness; Defaulting Underwriters. This Agreement shall become effective upon the execution and delivery hereof by the parties hereto.
If, on the Closing Date or an Option Closing Date, as the case may be, any one or more of the Underwriters shall fail or refuse to purchase Shares that it has or they have agreed to purchase hereunder on such date, and the aggregate number of Shares which such defaulting Underwriter or Underwriters agreed but failed or refused to purchase is not more than one-tenth of the aggregate number of the Shares to be purchased on such date, the other Underwriters shall be obligated severally in the proportions that the number of Firm Shares set forth opposite their respective names in Schedule II bears to the aggregate number of Firm Shares set forth opposite the names of all such non-defaulting Underwriters, or in such other proportions as the Representatives may specify, to purchase the Shares which such defaulting Underwriter or Underwriters agreed but failed or refused to purchase on such date; provided that in no event shall the number of Shares that any Underwriter has agreed to purchase pursuant to this Agreement be increased pursuant to this Section 14 by an amount in excess of one-ninth of such number of Shares without the written consent of such Underwriter. If, on the Closing Date, any Underwriter or Underwriters shall fail or refuse to purchase Firm Shares and the aggregate number of Firm Shares with respect to which such default occurs is more than one-tenth of the aggregate number of Firm Shares to be purchased on such date, and arrangements satisfactory to the Representatives, the Company and the Selling Shareholders for the purchase of such Firm Shares are not made within 36 hours after such default, this Agreement shall terminate without liability on the part of any non-defaulting Underwriter, the Company or the Selling Shareholders. In any such case either the Representatives or the relevant Sellers shall have the right to postpone the Closing Date, but in no event for longer than seven days, in order that the required changes, if any, in the Registration Statement, in the Time of Sale Prospectus, in the Prospectus or in any other documents or arrangements may be effected. If, on an Option Closing Date, any Underwriter or Underwriters shall fail or refuse to purchase Additional Shares and the aggregate number of Additional Shares with respect to which such default occurs is more than one-tenth of
the aggregate number of Additional Shares to be purchased on such Option Closing Date, the non-defaulting Underwriters shall have the option to (i) terminate their obligation hereunder to purchase the Additional Shares to be sold on such Option Closing Date or (ii) purchase not less than the number of Additional Shares that such non-defaulting Underwriters would have been obligated to purchase in the absence of such default. Any action taken under this paragraph shall not relieve any defaulting Underwriter from liability in respect of any default of such Underwriter under this Agreement.
If this Agreement shall be terminated by the Underwriters, or any of them, because of any failure or refusal on the part of any Seller to comply with the terms or to fulfill any of the conditions of this Agreement, or if for any reason any Seller shall be unable to perform its obligations under this Agreement (other than by reason of a default by the Underwriters or the occurrence of any of the events described in clauses (ii) (solely to the extent that such event is not caused by conduct of the Company), (iii), (iv) or (v) of Section 13), the Sellers will reimburse the Underwriters or such Underwriters as have so terminated this Agreement with respect to themselves, severally, for all out-of-pocket expenses (including the fees and disbursements of their counsel) reasonably incurred by such Underwriters in connection with this Agreement or the offering contemplated hereunder.
15.Entire Agreement. (a) This Agreement, together with any contemporaneous written agreements and any prior written agreements (to the extent not superseded by this Agreement) that relate to the offering of the Shares, represents the entire agreement between the Company and the Selling Shareholders, on the one hand, and the Underwriters, on the other, with respect to the preparation of any preliminary prospectus, the Time of Sale Prospectus, the Prospectus, the conduct of the offering, and the purchase and sale of the Shares.
(b)The Company and each Selling Shareholder acknowledge that in connection with the offering of the Shares: the Underwriters have acted at arm’s length, are not agents of, and owe no fiduciary duties to, the Company, any of the Selling Shareholders or any other person, the Underwriters owe the Company and each Selling Shareholder only those duties and obligations set forth in this Agreement, any contemporaneous written agreements and prior written agreements (to the extent not superseded by this Agreement), if any, the Underwriters may have interests that differ from those of the Company and each Selling Shareholder, and (iv) none of the activities of the Underwriters in connection with the transactions contemplated herein constitutes a recommendation, investment advice, or solicitation of any action by the Underwriters with respect to any entity or natural person. The Company and each Selling Shareholder waive to the full extent permitted by applicable law any claims it may have against the Underwriters arising from an alleged breach of fiduciary duty in connection with the offering of the Shares.
(c)Each Selling Shareholder further acknowledges and agrees that, although the Underwriters may provide certain Selling Shareholders with certain Regulation Best Interest and Form CRS disclosures or other related documentation in connection with the offering, the Underwriters are not making a recommendation to any Selling Shareholder
to participate in the offering or sell any Shares at the Purchase Price, and nothing set forth in such disclosures or documentation is intended to suggest that any Underwriter is making such a recommendation.
16.Recognition of the U.S. Special Resolution Regimes. (a) In the event that any Underwriter that is a Covered Entity becomes subject to a proceeding under a U.S. Special Resolution Regime, the transfer from such Underwriter of this Agreement, and any interest and obligation in or under this Agreement, will be effective to the same extent as the transfer would be effective under the U.S. Special Resolution Regime if this Agreement, and any such interest and obligation, were governed by the laws of the United States or a state of the United States.
(b)In the event that any Underwriter that is a Covered Entity or a BHC Act Affiliate of such Underwriter becomes subject to a proceeding under a U.S. Special Resolution Regime, Default Rights under this Agreement that may be exercised against such Underwriter are permitted to be exercised to no greater extent than such Default Rights could be exercised under the U.S. Special Resolution Regime if this Agreement were governed by the laws of the United States or a state of the United States.
For purposes of this Section a “BHC Act Affiliate” has the meaning assigned to the term “affiliate” in, and shall be interpreted in accordance with, 12 U.S.C. § 1841(k). “Covered Entity” means any of the following: (i) a “covered entity” as that term is defined in, and interpreted in accordance with, 12 C.F.R. § 252.82(b); (ii) a “covered bank” as that term is defined in, and interpreted in accordance with, 12 C.F.R. § 47.3(b); or (iii) a “covered FSI” as that term is defined in, and interpreted in accordance with, 12 C.F.R. § 382.2(b). “Default Right” has the meaning assigned to that term in, and shall be interpreted in accordance with, 12 C.F.R. §§ 252.81, 47.2 or 382.1, as applicable. “U.S. Special Resolution Regime” means each of (i) the Federal Deposit Insurance Act and the regulations promulgated thereunder and (ii) Title II of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act and the regulations promulgated thereunder.
17.Counterparts. This Agreement may be signed in two or more counterparts, each of which shall be an original, with the same effect as if the signatures thereto and hereto were upon the same instrument. Counterparts may be delivered via facsimile, electronic mail (including any electronic signature complying with the U.S. federal ESIGN Act of 2000, Uniform Electronic Transactions Act or other applicable law, e.g., www. Docusign.com) or other transmission method any counterpart so delivered shall be deemed to have been duly and validly delivered and be valid and effective for all purposes.
18.Applicable Law. This Agreement, any claim, controversy or disputes arising under or related to this Agreement and any transaction contemplated by this Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the internal laws of the State of New York.
19.Headings. The headings of the sections of this Agreement have been inserted for convenience of reference only and shall not be deemed a part of this Agreement.
20.Notices. All communications hereunder shall be in writing and effective only upon receipt and if to the Underwriters shall be delivered, mailed or sent to the Representatives in care of Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC, 1585 Broadway, New York, New York 10036, Attention: Equity Syndicate Desk, with a copy to the Legal Department; Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC, 200 West Street, New York, New York 10282-2198, Attention: Registration Department and J.P. Morgan Securities LLC, 383 Madison Avenue, New York, New York 10179, Facsimile: (212) 622-8358, Attention: Equity Syndicate Desk, and if to the Company shall be delivered, mailed or sent to Doximity, Inc., 500 Third Street, Suite 501, San Francisco, CA 94107, Attention: General Counsel, and if to the Selling Shareholders shall be delivered, mailed or sent to [●], Attention: [●].
[Signature pages follow]
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Very truly yours,
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DOXIMITY, INC.
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By:
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Name:
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Title:
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[SELLING SHAREHOLDER]
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By:
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Name:
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Title:
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[Signature Page to Underwriting Agreement]
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Accepted as of the date hereof
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Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC
Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC
J.P. Morgan Securities LLC
Acting severally on behalf of themselves and
the several Underwriters named in
Schedule II hereto.
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Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC
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By:
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Name:
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Title:
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Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC
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By:
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Name:
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Title:
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J.P. Morgan Securities LLC
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By:
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Name:
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Title:
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[Signature Page to Underwriting Agreement]
SCHEDULE I
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Selling Shareholder
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Number of Firm Shares to Be Sold
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[NAMES OF SELLING SHAREHOLDERS]
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[●]
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Total:
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[●]
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SCHEDULE II
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Underwriter
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Number of Firm Shares to Be Purchased
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Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC
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[●]
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Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC
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[●]
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J.P. Morgan Securities LLC
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[●]
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Piper Sandler & Co.
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[●]
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William Blair & Company, L.L.C.
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[●]
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Canaccord Genuity LLC
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[●]
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Needham & Company, LLC
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[●]
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Raymond James & Associates, Inc.
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[●]
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SVB Leerink LLC
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[●]
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Total:
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[●]
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SCHEDULE III
Time of Sale Prospectus
1.Preliminary Prospectus issued [●], 2021
2.Free Writing Prospectus:
[None]
3.Schedule of other information included in the Time of Sale Prospectus:
Size (for Firm Shares): $[●]
Firm Shares Offered: [●]
Additional Shares Option: [●]
Price to Public (per share): $[●]
SCHEDULE IV
Testing-the-Waters Communications
Doximity, Inc. Testing-the-Waters Presentation
EXHIBIT A
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[FORM OF] LOCK-UP AGREEMENT
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_____________, 2021
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Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC
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Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC
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J.P. Morgan Securities LLC
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c/o
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Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC
1585 Broadway
New York, NY 10036
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c/o
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Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC
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200 West Street
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New York, NY 10282
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c/o
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J.P. Morgan Securities LLC
383 Madison Avenue
New York, NY 10179
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Ladies and Gentlemen,
The undersigned understands that Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC (“Morgan Stanley”), Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC (“Goldman”) and J.P. Morgan Securities LLC (“J.P. Morgan”), as representatives of the several Underwriters, propose to enter into an Underwriting Agreement (the “Underwriting Agreement”) with Doximity, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), and the Selling Shareholders (as defined in the Underwriting Agreement), providing for the public offering (the “Public Offering”) by the several Underwriters, including Morgan Stanley, Goldman and J.P. Morgan (collectively, the “Underwriters”), of shares (the “Shares”) of the Class A common stock, par value $0.001 per share, of the Company (the “Class A Common Stock” and together with the Class B Common Stock of the Company, par value $0.001 per share, the “Common Stock”). The Company and the Selling Shareholders are hereinafter sometimes collectively referred to as the “Sellers.”
To induce the Underwriters that may participate in the Public Offering to continue their efforts in connection with the Public Offering, and for other good and valuable consideration the receipt of which is hereby acknowledged, the undersigned hereby agrees that, without the prior written consent of Morgan Stanley, Goldman and J.P. Morgan on behalf of the Underwriters, he, she or it will not, and will not cause any direct or indirect affiliate to, during the period commencing on the date hereof and ending 180 days (including such 180th day) after the date of the final prospectus relating to the Public Offering (such final prospectus, the “Prospectus,” and such period as modified by paragraphs (a), (b) and (c) below, as may be applicable to the
undersigned, the “Restricted Period”), (1) offer, pledge, sell, contract to sell, sell any option or contract to purchase, purchase any option or contract to sell, grant any option, right or warrant to purchase, lend, or otherwise transfer or dispose of, directly or indirectly, any shares of Common Stock beneficially owned (as such term is used in Rule 13d-3 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)), by the undersigned or any other securities so owned by the undersigned that are convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable (directly or indirectly) for, or that represent the right to receive, shares of Common Stock (including, without limitation, the Company’s Class B common stock, the Company’s preferred stock, securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for Common Stock or securities which may be issued upon exercise of stock options, restricted stock units or warrants) (collectively, the “Other Securities”), (2) enter into any swap or other arrangement that transfers to another, in whole or in part, any of the economic consequences of ownership of the Common Stock or Other Securities, whether any such transaction described in clause (1) or (2) above is to be settled by delivery of Common Stock or Other Securities, in cash or otherwise or (3) publicly disclose the intention to take any of the actions restricted by clauses (1) or (2). The undersigned acknowledges and agrees that the foregoing precludes the undersigned from engaging in any hedging or other transactions designed or intended, or which could reasonably be expected to lead to or result in, a sale or disposition of any shares of Common Stock or Other Securities, even if any such sale or disposition transaction or transactions would be made or executed by or on behalf of someone other than the undersigned. The undersigned further confirms that it has furnished Morgan Stanley, Goldman and J.P. Morgan with the details of any transaction the undersigned, or any of its affiliates, is a party to as of the date hereof, which transaction would have been restricted by this agreement if it had been entered into by the undersigned during the Restricted Period.
Notwithstanding the foregoing:
(a) if the undersigned is a current full-time or part-time employee of the Company or its subsidiaries as of May 31, 2021 (including a current full-time contractor of the Company, but excluding in all such cases any director of the Company, consultant of the Company, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer and Chief Commercial Officer, subject to compliance with applicable securities laws, including, without limitation, Rule 144 promulgated under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and the Company’s insider trading policy, the undersigned may sell in the public market for a 3-Trading Day (as defined below) period beginning at the commencement of trading on the first Trading Day on which the Common Stock is traded on the exchange on which the Common Stock is listed or ending on such earlier date as the Company in its sole discretion shall determine, a number of shares of Common Stock not in excess of 10% of the Common Stock and Other Securities owned by the undersigned on May 31, 2021 (including vested exercisable stock options as of May 31, 2021 (collectively, “Included Securities”), but excluding (1) any shares of Common Stock or Other Securities subject to escrow, holdback or similar provisions under agreements related to mergers or acquisitions by the Company, (2) any unvested shares of Common Stock or Other Securities issued by the Company in connection with mergers or acquisitions by the Company, (3) any unvested warrants, convertible securities, stock options, restricted stock units or other equity awards issued by the Company, and (4) any shares of Common Stock or Other Securities acquired pursuant to a private secondary transaction, and (5) any shares of the Company’s preferred stock or shares of Common Stock issued upon conversion of shares of preferred stock (collectively, “Excluded Securities”)) (the “First Window Eligible Shares”) before giving effect to any sales of Common Stock by the undersigned to the Underwriters pursuant to the Underwriting Agreement;
(b) if (i) the undersigned is a current full-time or part-time employee of the Company or its subsidiaries as of July 31, 2021 (including a current full-time contractor of the Company), the Company’s Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer or Chief Commercial Officer and (ii) the last reported closing price of the Common Stock on the exchange on which the Common Stock is listed is at least 30% greater than the initial public offering price per share set forth on the cover page of the Prospectus for any 10 Trading Days out of the 15-consecutive full Trading Day period ending on the closing of the Trading Day immediately prior to the First Post-Offering Earnings Release (as defined below), subject to compliance with applicable securities laws, including, without limitation, Rule 144 promulgated under the Securities Act, and the Company’s insider trading policy, the undersigned may sell in the public market for a 3-Trading Day period beginning at the commencement of trading on the third Trading Day after the Company publicly announces its earnings (which for this purpose shall not include “flash” numbers or preliminary, partial earnings) for the first completed quarterly period (the “First Post-Offering Earnings Release”) following the most recent period for which financial statements are included in the Prospectus, a number of shares of Common Stock not in excess of 15% of the Common Stock and Other Securities owned by the undersigned on July 31, 2021 (including vested exercisable stock options as of July 31, 2021, but excluding any Excluded Securities, except that any Common Stock and Other Securities that have become vested and that are not subject to escrow, holdback or similar provisions, or have become released from escrow, holdback or similar provisions and are not subject to vesting, between May 31, 2021 and July 31, 2021 will no longer be Excluded Securities; provided that the Company’s Chief Executive Officer is only permitted to sell, pursuant to this paragraph (b), up to the lesser of (x) 800,000 shares of the Common Stock and Other Securities owned by the Company’s Chief Executive Officer on July 31, 2021 and (y) 1% of the aggregate number of shares of Common Stock outstanding as of the first Trading Day in such 3-Trading Day period); and
(c) in addition, and notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, the Restricted Period shall terminate commencing on the opening of trading on the third Trading Day immediately following the Company’s release of earnings (which for this purpose shall not include “flash” numbers or preliminary, partial earnings) for the second completed quarterly period following the most recent period for which financial statements are included in the Prospectus.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, in addition to, and not by way of limitation of, any transfers by the undersigned that are permitted pursuant to paragraphs (a), (b) or (c) above, the undersigned may transfer the undersigned’s shares of Common Stock or Other Securities in the following transactions:
(1) any sales of Common Stock by the undersigned to the Underwriters pursuant to the Underwriting Agreement;
(2) transactions relating to shares of Common Stock or Other Securities acquired in the Public Offering or in open market transactions after the completion of the Public Offering, provided that no filing under Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act or other public announcement shall be required or shall be voluntarily made during the Restricted Period in connection with subsequent sales of Common Stock or Other Securities acquired either in the Public Offering or in such open market transactions;
(3) transfers of shares of Common Stock or Other Securities (i) as a bona fide gift (including any pledge or similar commitment to donate shares of Common Stock or Other Securities and/or proceeds from the sale of shares of Common Stock or Other Securities to be applied in their entirety to a charitable contribution) or for bona fide estate planning purposes,
(ii) upon death or by will, testamentary document or intestate succession; provided such transfer shall not involve a disposition for value, (iii) to an immediate family member of the undersigned or to any trust for the direct or indirect benefit of the undersigned or the immediate family of the undersigned (for purposes of this letter agreement, “immediate family” shall mean any spouse or domestic partner and relationship by blood, current or former marriage or adoption, not more remote than first cousin); provided such transfer shall not involve a disposition for value, or (iv) if the undersigned is a trust, to any beneficiary of the undersigned or the estate of any such beneficiary, provided such transfer shall not involve a disposition for value;
(4) provided the undersigned is a corporation, partnership, limited liability company, trust or other business entity, distributions, transfers or dispositions of shares of Common Stock or Other Securities (i) to another corporation, partnership, limited liability company, trust or other business entity that is an affiliate (as defined in Rule 405 promulgated under the Securities Act) of the undersigned, or to any investment fund or other entity controlled or managed by the undersigned or affiliates of the undersigned, or (ii) as part of a distribution, transfer or disposition without consideration by the undersigned to its stockholders, current partners (general or limited), members, beneficiaries or other equity holders, or to the estates of any such stockholders, partners, beneficiaries or other equity holders;
(5) (i) the receipt by the undersigned from the Company of shares of Common Stock or Other Securities upon the exercise of options, settlement of restricted stock units or other equity awards or the exercise of warrants which are outstanding as of the date of the Prospectus and are disclosed in the Prospectus; or (ii) the transfer of shares of Common Stock or any securities convertible into Common Stock to the Company upon a vesting or settlement event of the Company’s restricted stock units or upon the exercise of options or warrants to purchase the Company’s securities on a “cashless” or “net exercise” basis to the extent permitted by the instruments representing such securities, options, restricted stock units or warrants (and any transfer to the Company necessary in respect of such amount needed for the payment of taxes, including estimated taxes, due as a result of such vesting, settlement or exercise whether by means of a “net settlement” or otherwise) so long as such “cashless” exercise or “net exercise” is effected solely by the surrender of outstanding securities, options, restricted stock units or warrants (or the Common Stock or Other Securities issuable upon the exercise or settlement thereof) to the Company and the Company’s cancellation of all or a portion thereof to pay the exercise price and/or withholding tax and remittance obligations; provided (x) that in the case of either (i) or (ii), the shares of Common Stock received upon exercise or settlement of the security, option, restricted stock unit or warrant are subject to the terms of this letter agreement, and (y) that in the case of either (i) or (ii), any filing under Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act shall clearly indicate in the footnotes thereto that (A) the filing relates to the circumstances described in (i) or (ii), as the case may be, (B) no shares were sold by the reporting person and (C) any shares of Common Stock received upon exercise or settlement of the option, warrant or restricted stock unit are subject to a lock-up agreement with the Underwriters of the Public Offering;
(6) the transfer of Common Stock or Other Securities that occurs by operation of law pursuant to a qualified domestic order in connection with a divorce settlement or other court order, provided that such transferee agrees to be bound in writing by the restrictions on transfer set forth herein;
(7) the conversion of the outstanding preferred stock or warrants to acquire preferred stock of the Company into shares of Common Stock or warrants to acquire shares of Common Stock prior to or in connection with the consummation of the Public Offering, or in connection with the conversion or reclassification of any shares of any class of the Company’s common
stock into shares of Common Stock, in each case as described in the Prospectus, provided that any such shares of Common Stock or warrants received upon such conversion shall be subject to the terms of this letter agreement;
(8) the transfer of shares of Common Stock or Other Securities in connection with a bona fide third-party tender offer, merger, consolidation or other similar transaction, that is approved by the Board of Directors of the Company, made to all holders of Common Stock involving a Change of Control (as defined below), provided that in the event that the tender offer, merger, consolidation or other such transaction is not completed, the Common Stock or Other Securities owned by the undersigned shall remain subject to the restrictions contained in this letter agreement. For the purposes of this clause (8), “Change of Control” means the transfer (whether by bona fide tender offer, merger, consolidation or other similar transaction), in one transaction or a series of related transactions, to a person or group of affiliated persons (other than the Underwriters pursuant to the Public Offering), of shares of Common Stock or Other Securities if, after such transfer, the stockholders of the Company immediately prior to such transfer do not own at least fifty percent (50%) of the outstanding voting power of the voting share capital of the Company (or the surviving entity);
(9) any transfer of shares of Common Stock or Other Securities to the Company pursuant to contractual arrangements under which the Company has, in connection with the termination of service of the undersigned, (A) the option to repurchase such shares or Other Securities, or (B) a right of first refusal with respect to such securities; provided that in the case of clauses (A) and (B) above, (1) such contractual arrangement is in effect on the date of the Prospectus; and (2) that no public filing, report or announcement reporting a reduction in beneficial ownership of shares of Common Stock shall be required or shall be voluntarily made during the Restricted Period within 30 days after the date the undersigned ceases to provide services to the Company, and after such 30th day, if the undersigned is required to file a report reporting a reduction in beneficial ownership of shares of Common Stock during the Restricted Period, such report or filing shall clearly indicate in the footnotes thereto that the filing relates to the circumstances described in this clause and no public filing, report or announcement shall be voluntarily made; and
(10) the conversion of warrants to purchase shares of Common Stock of the Company that are disclosed in the Prospectus and that are outstanding as of the date of the Prospectus into shares of Common Stock prior to, after or in connection with the consummation of the Public Offering; provided that any such shares of Common Stock received upon such conversion shall be subject to the terms of this letter agreement; provided that in the case of any transfer, distribution or disposition pursuant to clause (3) or (4), each transferee, donee or distributee shall sign and deliver a lock-up agreement substantially in the form of this letter agreement and no public announcement or filing under Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act, or any other public filing or disclosure reporting a reduction in beneficial ownership of shares of Common Stock, shall be required or shall be voluntarily made during the Restricted Period; and
provided further that in the case of any transfer pursuant to clause (6) or (7), no public announcement or filing under Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act, or any other public filing or disclosure shall be made during the Restricted Period, unless such filing is required and clearly indicates in the footnotes thereto circumstances describe in clause (6) or (7), as the case may be.
In addition, the undersigned agrees that, without the prior written consent of Morgan Stanley, Goldman and J.P. Morgan on behalf of the Underwriters, it will not, and will not publicly disclose an intention to, during the Restricted Period, make any demand for, or exercise any right with respect to, the registration of any shares of Common Stock or Other Securities. The
undersigned also agrees and consents to the entry of stop transfer instructions with the Company’s transfer agent and registrar against the transfer of the undersigned’s shares of Common Stock except in compliance with the foregoing restrictions.
If the undersigned is an officer or director of the Company, the undersigned further agrees that the foregoing provisions shall be equally applicable to any issuer-directed Shares the undersigned may purchase in the Public Offering.
For purposes of this letter agreement, a “Trading Day” is a day on which the New York Stock Exchange and the Nasdaq Stock Market are open for the buying and selling of securities.
If the undersigned is an officer or director of the Company, (i) Morgan Stanley, Goldman and J.P. Morgan agree that, at least three business days before the effective date of any release or waiver of the foregoing restrictions in connection with a transfer of shares of Common Stock, Morgan Stanley, Goldman and J.P. Morgan will notify the Company in writing of the impending release or waiver, and (ii) the Company will agree or has agreed in the Underwriting Agreement to announce the impending release or waiver by press release through a major news service at least two business days before the effective date of the release or waiver. Any release or waiver granted by Morgan Stanley, Goldman and J.P. Morgan hereunder to any such officer or director shall only be effective two business days after the publication date of such press release. The provisions of this paragraph will not apply if (a) the release or waiver is effected solely to permit a transfer not for consideration and (b) the transferee has agreed in writing to be bound by the same terms described in this letter agreement to the extent and for the duration that such terms remain in effect at the time of the transfer.
The undersigned understands that the Sellers and the Underwriters are relying upon this letter agreement in proceeding toward consummation of the Public Offering. The undersigned further understands that this letter agreement is irrevocable and shall be binding upon the undersigned’s heirs, legal representatives, successors and assigns.
The undersigned acknowledges and agrees that the Underwriters have not provided any recommendation or investment advice nor have the Underwriters solicited any action from the undersigned with respect to the Public Offering of the Shares and the undersigned has consulted their own legal, accounting, financial, regulatory and tax advisors to the extent deemed appropriate. The undersigned further acknowledges and agrees that, although the Underwriters may provide certain Regulation Best Interest and Form CRS disclosures or other related documentation to you in connection with the Public Offering, the Underwriters are not making a recommendation to you to participate in the Public Offering or sell any Shares at the price determined in the Public Offering, and nothing set forth in such disclosures or documentation is intended to suggest that any Underwriter is making such a recommendation.
This letter agreement shall automatically terminate, and the undersigned will be released from all of his, her or its obligations hereunder, upon the earliest to occur, if any, of (a) the date that the Company advises Morgan Stanley, Goldman and J.P. Morgan, in writing, prior to the execution of the Underwriting Agreement, that it has determined not to proceed with the Public Offering, (b) the date that the Company withdraws the registration statement related to the Public Offering before the execution of the Underwriting Agreement, (c) if the Underwriting Agreement is executed but terminated (other than the provisions thereof that survive termination) prior to payment for and delivery of the shares of Common Stock to be sold thereunder, the date that the
Underwriting Agreement is terminated or (d) September 1, 2021 if the Public Offering of the Shares has not been completed by such date (provided that the Company may by written notice to the undersigned prior to September 1, 2021 extend such date for a period of up to an additional three months).
The undersigned hereby waives any and all notice requirements and rights with respect to the registration of securities pursuant to any agreement, understanding or anything otherwise setting forth the terms of any security of the Company held by the undersigned, including any registration rights agreement or investors’ rights agreement to which the undersigned and the Company may be party; provided, however, that such waiver shall apply only to the proposed Public Offering, and any other action taken by the Company in connection with the proposed Public Offering.
Whether or not the Public Offering actually occurs depends on a number of factors, including market conditions. Any Public Offering will only be made pursuant to an Underwriting Agreement, the terms of which are subject to negotiation between the Sellers and the Underwriters.
This letter agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York.
[Signature page follows]
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Very truly yours,
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Name of Securityholder (Print exact name)
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By:
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Signature
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If not signing in an individual capacity:
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Name of Authorized Signatory (Print)
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Title of Authorized Signatory (Print)
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(indicate capacity of person signing if signing as custodian, trustee, or on behalf of an entity)
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[Signature Page to Lock-Up Agreement]
EXHIBIT B
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FORM OF WAIVER OF LOCK-UP
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_____________, 20__
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[Name and Address of
Officer or Director
Requesting Waiver]
Dear Mr./Ms. [Name]:
This letter is being delivered to you in connection with the offering by Doximity, Inc. (the “Company”) of [l] shares of Class A common stock, $0.001 par value per share (the “Class A Common Stock”), of the Company and the lock-up agreement dated ____, 2021 (the “Lock-up Agreement”), executed by you in connection with such offering, and your request for a [waiver] [release] dated ____, 20__, with respect to ____ shares of Class A Common Stock (the “Shares”).
Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC, Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC and J.P. Morgan Securities LLC hereby agrees to [waive] [release] the transfer restrictions set forth in the Lock-up Agreement, but only with respect to the Shares, effective _____, 20__; provided, however, that such [waiver] [release] is conditioned on the Company announcing the impending [waiver] [release] by press release through a major news service at least two business days before effectiveness of such [waiver] [release]. This letter will serve as notice to the Company of the impending [waiver] [release].
Except as expressly [waived] [released] hereby, the Lock-up Agreement shall remain in full force and effect.
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Very truly yours,
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Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC
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Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC
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J.P. Morgan Securities LLC
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Acting severally on behalf of themselves and the several Underwriters named in Schedule II hereto
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Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC
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By:
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Name:
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Title:
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Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC
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By:
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Name:
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Title:
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J.P Morgan Securities LLC
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By:
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Name:
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Title:
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cc: Doximity, Inc.
FORM OF PRESS RELEASE
Doximity, Inc.
[Date]
Doximity, Inc. (the “Company”) announced today that Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC, Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC and J.P. Morgan Securities LLC, the lead book-running managers in the Company’s recent public sale of [●] shares of Class A common stock is [waiving][releasing] a lock-up restriction with respect to ____ shares of the Company’s Class A common stock held by [certain officers or directors] [an officer or director] of the Company. The [waiver][release] will take effect on ____, 20__ , and the shares may be sold on or after such date.
This press release is not an offer for sale of the securities in the United States or in any other jurisdiction where such offer is prohibited, and such securities may not be offered or sold in the United States absent registration or an exemption from registration under the United States Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
DOXIMITY, INC.
INDEMNIFICATION AGREEMENT
This Indemnification Agreement (“Agreement”) is made as of ________________ by and between Doximity, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), and ____________ (“Indemnitee”).
RECITALS
WHEREAS, the Company desires to attract and retain the services of highly qualified individuals, such as Indemnitee, to serve the Company;
WHEREAS, in order to induce Indemnitee to provide or continue to provide services to the Company, the Company wishes to provide for the indemnification of, and advancement of expenses to, Indemnitee to the maximum extent permitted by law;
WHEREAS, the Certificate of Incorporation, as amended from time to time (the “Charter”) and the Bylaws, as amended from time to time (the “Bylaws”) of the Company currently in effect, require indemnification of the officers and directors of the Company, and Indemnitee may also be entitled to indemnification pursuant to the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware (the “DGCL”);
WHEREAS, the Charter, the Bylaws and the DGCL expressly provide that the indemnification provisions set forth therein are not exclusive, and thereby contemplate that contracts may be entered into between the Company and members of the Board of Directors of the Company (the “Board”), officers and other persons with respect to indemnification;
WHEREAS, the Board has determined that the increased difficulty in attracting and retaining highly qualified persons such as Indemnitee is detrimental to the best interests of the Company’s stockholders;
WHEREAS, it is reasonable and prudent for the Company contractually to obligate itself to indemnify, and to advance expenses on behalf of, such persons to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, regardless of any amendment or revocation of the Charter or the Bylaws, so that they will serve or continue to serve the Company free from undue concern that they will not be so indemnified[; and][;]
WHEREAS, this Agreement is a supplement to and in furtherance of the indemnification provided in the Charter, the Bylaws and any resolutions adopted pursuant thereto, and shall not be deemed a substitute therefor, nor to diminish or abrogate any rights of Indemnitee thereunder[; and][.]
[WHEREAS, Indemnitee has certain rights to indemnification and/or insurance provided by [Name of Fund/Sponsor] which Indemnitee and [Name of Fund/Sponsor] intend to be secondary to the primary obligation of the Company to indemnify Indemnitee as provided in this Agreement, with the Company’s acknowledgment and agreement to the foregoing being a material condition to Indemnitee’s willingness to [serve or continue to serve] on the Board.]
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises and the covenants contained herein, the Company and Indemnitee do hereby covenant and agree as follows:
Section 1.Services to the Company. Indemnitee agrees to serve as [a director][and][an officer] of the Company. Indemnitee may at any time and for any reason resign from such position (subject to any other contractual obligation or any obligation imposed by law), in which event the Company shall have no obligation under this Agreement to continue Indemnitee in such position. This Agreement shall not be deemed an employment contract between the Company (or any of its subsidiaries or any Enterprise) and Indemnitee.
Section 2.Definitions.
As used in this Agreement:
(a)“Affiliate” and “Associate” shall have the respective meanings ascribed to such terms in Rule 12b-2 of the General Rules and Regulations under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, as in effect on the date of this Agreement; provided, however, that no Person who is a director or officer of the Company shall be deemed an Affiliate or an Associate of any other director or officer of the Company solely as a result of his, her or their position as director or officer of the Company.
(b)A Person shall be deemed the “Beneficial Owner” of, and shall be deemed to “Beneficially Own” and have “Beneficial Ownership” of, any securities:
(i)which such Person or any of such Person’s Affiliates or Associates, directly or indirectly, Beneficially Owns (as determined pursuant to Rule 13d-3 of the Rules under the Exchange Act, as in effect on the date of this Agreement);
(ii)which such Person or any of such Person’s Affiliates or Associates, directly or indirectly, has: (A) the legal, equitable or contractual right or obligation to acquire (whether directly or indirectly and whether exercisable immediately or only after the passage of time, compliance with regulatory requirements, satisfaction of one or more conditions (whether or not within the control of such Person) or otherwise) upon the exercise of any conversion rights, exchange rights, rights, warrants or options, or otherwise; (B) the right to vote pursuant to any agreement, arrangement or understanding (whether or not in writing); or (C) the right to dispose of pursuant to any agreement, arrangement or understanding (whether or not in writing) (other than customary arrangements with and between underwriters and selling group members with respect to a bona fide public offering of securities);
(iii)which are Beneficially Owned, directly or indirectly, by any other Person (or any Affiliate or Associate thereof) with which such Person or any of such Person’s Affiliates or Associates has any agreement, arrangement or understanding (whether or not in writing) (other than customary agreements with and between underwriters and selling group members with respect to a bona fide public offering of securities) for the purpose of acquiring, holding, voting or disposing of any securities of the Company; or
(iv)that are the subject of a derivative transaction entered into by such Person or any of such Person’s Affiliates or Associates, including, for these purposes, any derivative security acquired by such Person or any of such Person’s Affiliates or Associates that gives such Person or any of such Person’s Affiliates or Associates the economic equivalent of ownership of an amount of securities due to the fact that the value of the derivative security is explicitly determined by reference to the price or value of such securities, or that provides such Person or any of such Person’s Affiliates or Associates an opportunity, directly or indirectly, to profit or to share in any profit derived from any change in the value of such securities, in any case without regard to whether (A) such derivative security conveys any voting rights in such securities to such Person or any of such Person’s Affiliates or Associates; (B) the derivative security is required to be, or capable of being, settled through delivery of such securities; or (C) such Person or any of such Person’s Affiliates or Associates may have entered into other transactions that hedge the economic effect of such derivative security.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, no Person engaged in business as an underwriter of securities shall be deemed the Beneficial Owner of any securities acquired through such Person’s participation as an underwriter in good faith in a firm commitment underwriting.
(c)A “Change in Control” shall be deemed to occur upon the earliest to occur after the date of this Agreement of any of the following events:
(i)Acquisition of Stock by Third Party. Any Person is or becomes the Beneficial Owner (as defined above), directly or indirectly, of securities of the Company representing fifty percent (50%) or more of the combined voting power of the Company’s then outstanding securities [(other than acquisitions of Class B Common Stock by a Class B stockholder or a Permitted Transferee (as defined in the Charter))] unless the change in relative Beneficial Ownership of the Company’s securities by any Person results solely from a reduction in the aggregate number of outstanding shares of securities entitled to vote generally in the election of directors or as a result of conversions of Class B Common Stock, provided that a Change of Control shall be deemed to have occurred if subsequent to such reduction such Person becomes the Beneficial Owner, directly or indirectly, of any additional securities of the Company conferring upon such Person any additional voting power;
(ii)Change in Board of Directors. During any period of two (2) consecutive years (not including any period prior to the execution of this Agreement), individuals who at the beginning of such period constitute the Board, and any new director (other than a director designated by a person who has entered into an agreement with the Company to effect a transaction described in Sections 2(c)(i), 2(c)(iii) or 2(c)(iv)) whose election by the Board or nomination for election by the Company’s stockholders was approved by a vote of at least two-thirds of the directors then still in office who either were directors at the beginning of the period or whose election or nomination for election was previously so approved, cease for any reason to constitute at least a majority of the members of the Board;
(iii)Corporate Transactions. The effective date of a merger or consolidation of the Company with any other entity, other than a merger or consolidation which would result in the voting securities of the Company outstanding immediately prior to such merger or consolidation continuing to represent (either by remaining outstanding or by being converted into
voting securities of the surviving or successor entity) more than 50% of the combined voting power of the voting securities of the surviving or successor entity outstanding immediately after such merger or consolidation and with the power to elect at least a majority of the board of directors or other governing body of such surviving or successor entity;
(iv)Liquidation. The approval by the stockholders of the Company of a complete liquidation of the Company or an agreement for the sale, lease, exchange or other transfer by the Company, in one or a series of related transactions, of all or substantially all of the Company’s assets; and
(v)Other Events. There occurs any other event of a nature that would be required to be reported in response to Item 6(e) of Schedule 14A of Regulation 14A (or a response to any similar item on any similar schedule or form) promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, whether or not the Company is then subject to such reporting requirement.
(d) “Corporate Status” describes the status of a person as a current or former [director][or][officer] of the Company or current or former [director][or][officer], manager, partner, officer, employee, agent or trustee of any other Enterprise which such person is or was serving at the request of the Company.
(e)“Enforcement Expenses” shall include all reasonable attorneys’ fees, court costs, transcript costs, fees of experts, travel expenses, duplicating costs, printing and binding costs, telephone charges, postage, delivery service fees, and all other out-of-pocket disbursements or expenses of the types customarily incurred in connection with an action to enforce indemnification or advancement rights, or an appeal from such action. Expenses, however, shall not include fees, salaries, wages or benefits owed to Indemnitee.
(f)“Enterprise” shall mean any corporation (other than the Company), partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan, limited liability company, or other legal entity of which Indemnitee is or was serving at the request of the Company as a director, manager, partner, officer, employee, agent or trustee, including as a deemed fiduciary thereto.
(g)“Expenses” shall include all reasonable attorneys’ fees, court costs, transcript costs, fees of experts, travel expenses, duplicating costs, printing and binding costs, telephone charges, postage, delivery service fees, and all other out-of-pocket disbursements or expenses of the types customarily incurred in connection with prosecuting, defending, preparing to prosecute or defend, investigating, being or preparing to be a witness in, or otherwise participating in, a Proceeding or an appeal resulting from a Proceeding. Expenses, however, shall not include amounts paid in settlement by Indemnitee, the amount of judgments or fines against Indemnitee or fees, salaries, wages or benefits owed to Indemnitee.
(h)“Independent Counsel” means a law firm, or a partner (or, if applicable, member or shareholder) of such a law firm, that is experienced in matters of Delaware corporation law and neither presently is, nor in the past five (5) years has been, retained to represent: (i) the Company, any subsidiary of the Company, any Enterprise or Indemnitee in any matter material to any such party; or (ii) any other party to the Proceeding giving rise to a claim
for indemnification hereunder. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the term “Independent Counsel” shall not include any person who, under the applicable standards of professional conduct then prevailing, would have a conflict of interest in representing either the Company or Indemnitee in an action to determine Indemnitee’s rights under this Agreement. The Company agrees to pay the reasonable fees and expenses of the Independent Counsel referred to above and to fully indemnify such counsel against any and all expenses, claims, liabilities and damages arising out of or relating to this Agreement or its engagement pursuant hereto.
(i)“Person” shall mean (i) an individual, a corporation, a partnership, a limited liability company, an association, a joint stock company, a trust, a business trust, a government or political subdivision, any unincorporated organization, or any other association or entity including any successor (by merger or otherwise) thereof or thereto, and (ii) a “group” as that term is used for purposes of Section 13(d)(3) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
(j)The term “Proceeding” shall include any threatened, pending or completed action, suit, arbitration, alternate dispute resolution mechanism, investigation, inquiry, administrative hearing or any other actual, threatened or completed proceeding, whether brought in the right of the Company or otherwise and whether of a civil, criminal, administrative, regulatory or investigative nature, and whether formal or informal, in which Indemnitee was, is or will be involved as a party or otherwise by reason of the fact that Indemnitee is or was a [director][or][officer] of the Company or is or was serving at the request of the Company as a [director][or][officer], manager, partner, officer, employee, agent or trustee of any Enterprise or by reason of any action taken by Indemnitee or of any action taken on his, her or their part while acting as a [director][or][an officer] of the Company or while serving at the request of the Company as a [director][or][officer], manager, partner, officer, employee, agent or trustee of any Enterprise, in each case whether or not serving in such capacity at the time any liability or expense is incurred for which indemnification, reimbursement or advancement of expenses can be provided under this Agreement; provided, however, that the term “Proceeding” shall not include any action, suit or arbitration, or part thereof, initiated by Indemnitee to enforce Indemnitee’s rights under this Agreement as provided for in Section 12(a) of this Agreement.
Section 3.Indemnity in Third-Party Proceedings. The Company shall indemnify Indemnitee to the extent set forth in this Section 3 if Indemnitee is, or is threatened to be made, a party to or a participant in any Proceeding, other than a Proceeding by or in the right of the Company to procure a judgment in its favor. Pursuant to this Section 3, Indemnitee shall be indemnified against all Expenses, judgments, fines, penalties, excise taxes, and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by Indemnitee or on his, her or their behalf in connection with such Proceeding or any claim, issue or matter therein, if Indemnitee acted in good faith and in a manner he or she reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Company and, in the case of a criminal proceeding, had no reasonable cause to believe that his, her or their conduct was unlawful.
Section 4.Indemnity in Proceedings by or in the Right of the Company. The Company shall indemnify Indemnitee to the extent set forth in this Section 4 if Indemnitee is, or is threatened to be made, a party to or a participant in any Proceeding by or in the right of the
Company to procure a judgment in its favor. Pursuant to this Section 4, Indemnitee shall be indemnified against all Expenses actually and reasonably incurred by Indemnitee or on his, her or their behalf in connection with such Proceeding or any claim, issue or matter therein, if Indemnitee acted in good faith and in a manner he or she reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Company. No indemnification for Expenses shall be made under this Section 4 in respect of any claim, issue or matter as to which Indemnitee shall have been finally adjudged by a court to be liable to the Company, unless and only to the extent that the Delaware Court of Chancery (the “Delaware Court”) shall determine upon application that, despite the adjudication of liability but in view of all the circumstances of the case, Indemnitee is fairly and reasonably entitled to indemnification for such expenses as the Delaware Court shall deem proper.
Section 5.Indemnification for Expenses of a Party Who is Wholly or Partly Successful. Notwithstanding any other provisions of this Agreement and except as provided in Section 7, to the extent that Indemnitee is a party to or a participant in any Proceeding and is successful in such Proceeding or in defense of any claim, issue or matter therein, the Company shall indemnify Indemnitee against all Expenses actually and reasonably incurred by him, her or them in connection therewith. If Indemnitee is not wholly successful in such Proceeding but is successful as to one or more but less than all claims, issues or matters in such Proceeding, the Company shall indemnify Indemnitee against all Expenses actually and reasonably incurred by Indemnitee or on his, her or their behalf in connection with each successfully resolved claim, issue or matter. For purposes of this Section and without limitation, the termination of any claim, issue or matter in such a Proceeding by dismissal, with or without prejudice, motion for summary judgment, settlement (with or without court approval, or upon a please of nolo contendere or its equivalent shall be deemed to be a successful result as to such claim, issue or matter.
Section 6.Reimbursement for Expenses of a Witness or in Response to a Subpoena. Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, to the extent that Indemnitee, by reason of his, her or their Corporate Status, (i) is a witness or deponent or interview in any Proceeding to which Indemnitee is not a party and is not threatened to be made a party or (ii) receives a subpoena with respect to any Proceeding to which Indemnitee is not a party and is not threatened to be made a party, the Company shall reimburse Indemnitee for all Expenses actually and reasonably incurred by him, her or them or on his, her or their behalf in connection therewith.
Section 7.Exclusions. Notwithstanding any provision in this Agreement to the contrary, the Company shall not be obligated under this Agreement:
(a)to indemnify for amounts otherwise indemnifiable hereunder (or for which advancement is provided hereunder) if and to the extent that Indemnitee has otherwise actually received such amounts under any insurance policy, contract, agreement or otherwise; provided that the foregoing shall not (i) apply to any personal or umbrella liability insurance maintained by Indemnitee[, or (ii) affect the rights of Indemnitee or the Fund Indemnitors as set forth in Section 13(c)];
(b)to indemnify for an accounting of profits made from the purchase and sale (or sale and purchase) by Indemnitee of securities of the Company within the meaning of Section
16(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or similar provisions of state statutory law or common law;
(c)to indemnify with respect to any Proceeding, or part thereof, brought by Indemnitee against the Company, any legal entity which it controls, any director or officer thereof or any third party, unless (i) the Board has consented to the initiation of such Proceeding or part thereof and (ii) the Company provides the indemnification, in its sole discretion, pursuant to the powers vested in the Company under applicable law; provided, however, that this Section 7(d) shall not apply to (A) counterclaims or affirmative defenses asserted by Indemnitee in an action brought against Indemnitee or (B) any action brought by Indemnitee for indemnification or advancement from the Company under this Agreement or under any directors’ and officers’ liability insurance policies maintained by the Company in the suit for which indemnification or advancement is being sought as described in Section 12; or
(d)to provide any indemnification or advancement of expenses that is prohibited by applicable law (as such law exists at the time payment would otherwise be required pursuant to this Agreement), as determined by a court of competent jurisdiction in a final adjudication not subject to further appeal.
Section 8.Advancement of Expenses. Subject to Section 9(b), the Company shall advance, the Expenses incurred by Indemnitee in connection with any Proceeding, and such advancement shall be made within thirty (30) days after the receipt by the Company of a statement or statements requesting such advances (including any invoices received by Indemnitee, which such invoices may be redacted as necessary to avoid the waiver of any privilege accorded by applicable law) from time to time, whether prior to or after final disposition of any Proceeding. Advances shall be unsecured and interest free. Advances shall be made without regard to Indemnitee’s (i) ability to repay the expenses, (ii) ultimate entitlement to indemnification under the other provisions of this Agreement, and (iii) entitlement to and availability of insurance coverage, including advancement, payment or reimbursement of defense costs, expenses or covered loss under the provisions of any applicable insurance policy (including, without limitation, whether such advancement, payment or reimbursement is withheld, conditioned or delayed by the insurer(s)). Indemnitee shall qualify for advances upon the execution and delivery to the Company of this Agreement which shall constitute an undertaking providing that Indemnitee undertakes to the fullest extent required by law to repay the advance if and to the extent that it is ultimately determined by a court of competent jurisdiction in a final judgment, not subject to appeal, that Indemnitee is not entitled to be indemnified by the Company. No other form of undertaking shall be required. The right to advances under this paragraph shall in all events continue until final disposition of any Proceeding, including any appeal therein. Nothing in this Section 8 shall limit Indemnitee’s right to advancement pursuant to Section 12(e) of this Agreement. Without limiting the generality or effect of the foregoing, within thirty days after any request by Indemnitee, the Company shall, in accordance with such request (but without duplication), (a) pay such Expenses on behalf of Indemnitee, (b) advance to Indemnitee funds in an amount sufficient to pay such Expenses, or (c) reimburse Indemnitee for such Expenses.
Section 9.Procedure for Notification and Defense of Claim.
(a)To obtain indemnification under this Agreement, Indemnitee shall submit to the Company a written request therefor specifying the basis for the claim, the amounts for which Indemnitee is seeking payment under this Agreement, and all documentation related thereto as reasonably requested by the Company.
(b)In the event that the Company shall be obligated hereunder to provide indemnification for or make any advancement of Expenses with respect to any Proceeding, the Company shall be entitled to assume the defense of such Proceeding, or any claim, issue or matter therein, with counsel approved by Indemnitee (which approval shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed) upon the delivery to Indemnitee of written notice of the Company’s election to do so. After delivery of such notice, approval of such counsel by Indemnitee and the retention of such counsel by the Company, the Company will not be liable to Indemnitee under this Agreement for any fees or expenses of separate counsel subsequently employed by or on behalf of Indemnitee with respect to the same Proceeding; provided that (i) Indemnitee shall have the right to employ separate counsel in any such Proceeding at Indemnitee’s expense and (ii) if (A) the employment of separate counsel by Indemnitee has been previously authorized by the Company, (B) Indemnitee shall have reasonably concluded that there may be a conflict of interest between the Company and Indemnitee in the conduct of such defense, (C) the Company shall not continue to retain such counsel to defend such Proceeding, (D) (iii) the fees and expenses are non-duplicative and reasonably incurred in connection with Indemnitee’s role in the Proceeding despite the Company’s assumption of the defense, or (E) a Change in Control shall have occurred, then the fees and expenses actually and reasonably incurred by Indemnitee with respect to his, her or their separate counsel shall be Expenses hereunder. Indemnitee agrees that any such separate counsel retained by indemnitee will be a member of any approved list of panel counsel under the Company’s applicable directors’ and officers’ liability insurance policy, should the applicable policy provide for a panel of approved counsel and should such approved panel list comprise law firms with well-established reputations in the type of litigation at issue. (For clarity, the fact of a firm’s being part of a panel shall not be evidence of a firm’s having a well-established national reputation for the type of litigation at issue).
(c)In the event that the Company does not assume the defense in a Proceeding pursuant to paragraph (b) above, then the Company will be entitled to participate in the Proceeding at its own expense.
(d)The Company shall not be liable to indemnify Indemnitee under this Agreement for any amounts paid in settlement of any Proceeding effected without its prior written consent (which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed). Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the fact that an insurer under an applicable insurance policy delays or is unwilling to consent to such settlement or is or may be in breach of its obligations under such policy, or the fact that directors’ and officers’ liability insurance is otherwise unavailable or not maintained by the Company, may not be taken into account by the Company in determining whether to provide its consent. The Company shall not, without the prior written consent of Indemnitee (which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed), enter into any settlement which (i) includes an admission of fault of Indemnitee, any non-monetary remedy
imposed on Indemnitee or any monetary damages for which Indemnitee is not wholly and actually indemnified hereunder or (ii) with respect to any Proceeding with respect to which Indemnitee may be or is made a party or may be otherwise entitled to seek indemnification hereunder, does not include the full release of Indemnitee from all liability in respect of such Proceeding.
Section 10.Procedure Upon Application for Indemnification.
(a)Upon written request by Indemnitee for indemnification pursuant to Section 9(a), a determination, if such determination is required by applicable law, with respect to Indemnitee’s entitlement to indemnification hereunder shall be made in the specific case by one of the following methods: [(x) if a Change in Control shall have occurred, by Independent Counsel in a written opinion to the Board; or (y) if a Change in Control shall not have occurred:] (i) by a majority vote of the disinterested directors, even though less than a quorum; (ii) by a committee of disinterested directors designated by a majority vote of the disinterested directors, even though less than a quorum; or (iii) if there are no disinterested directors or if the disinterested directors so direct, by Independent Counsel in a written opinion to the Board. For purposes hereof, disinterested directors are those members of the Board who are not parties to the action, suit or proceeding in respect of which indemnification is sought. In the case that such determination is made by Independent Counsel, a copy of Independent Counsel’s written opinion shall be delivered to Indemnitee and, if it is so determined that Indemnitee is entitled to indemnification, payment to Indemnitee shall be made within thirty (30) days after such determination. Indemnitee shall cooperate with the Independent Counsel or the Company, as applicable, in making such determination with respect to Indemnitee’s entitlement to indemnification, including providing to such counsel or the Company, upon reasonable advance request, any documentation or information which is not privileged or otherwise protected from disclosure and which is reasonably available to Indemnitee and reasonably necessary to such determination. The Company shall likewise cooperate with Indemnitee and Independent Counsel, if applicable, in making such determination with respect to Indemnitee’s entitlement to indemnification, including providing to such counsel and Indemnitee, upon reasonable advance request, any documentation or information which is not privileged or otherwise protected from disclosure and which is reasonably available to the Company and reasonably necessary to such determination. Any out-of-pocket costs or expenses (including reasonable attorneys’ fees and disbursements) actually and reasonably incurred by Indemnitee in so cooperating with the Independent Counsel or the Company shall be borne by the Company (irrespective of the determination as to Indemnitee’s entitlement to indemnification) and the Company hereby indemnifies and agrees to hold Indemnitee harmless therefrom.
(b)If the determination of entitlement to indemnification is to be made by Independent Counsel pursuant to Section 10(a), the Independent Counsel shall be selected by the Board [if a Change in Control shall not have occurred or][;provided that, if a Change in Control shall have occurred and indemnification is being requested by Indemnitee hereunder in his, her or their capacity as a director of the Company, the Independent Counsel shall be selected by Indemnitee]. Indemnitee or the Company, as the case may be, may, within ten (10) days after written notice of such selection, deliver to the Company or Indemnitee, as the case may be, a written objection to such selection; provided, however, that such objection may be asserted only
on the ground that the Independent Counsel so selected does not meet the requirements of “Independent Counsel” as defined in Section 2 of this Agreement, and the objection shall set forth with particularity the factual basis of such assertion. Absent a proper and timely objection, the person so selected shall act as Independent Counsel. If such written objection is so made and substantiated, the Independent Counsel so selected may not serve as Independent Counsel unless and until such objection is withdrawn or the Delaware Court has determined that such objection is without merit. If, within twenty (20) days after the later of (i) submission by Indemnitee of a written request for indemnification pursuant to Section 9(a), and (ii) the final disposition of the Proceeding, including any appeal therein, no Independent Counsel shall have been selected without objection, either Indemnitee or the Company may petition the Delaware Court for resolution of any objection which shall have been made by Indemnitee or the Company to the selection of Independent Counsel and/or for the appointment as Independent Counsel of a person selected by the court or by such other person as the court shall designate. The person with respect to whom all objections are so resolved or the person so appointed shall act as Independent Counsel under Section 10(a) hereof. Upon the due commencement of any judicial proceeding or arbitration pursuant to Section 12(a) of this Agreement, Independent Counsel shall be discharged and relieved of any further responsibility in such capacity (subject to the applicable standards of professional conduct then prevailing).
(c)Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Agreement, the determination of entitlement to indemnification under this Agreement shall be made without regard to the Indemnitee’s entitlement to and availability of insurance coverage, including advancement, payment or reimbursement of defense costs, expenses or covered loss under the provisions of any applicable insurance policy (including, without limitation, whether such advancement, payment or reimbursement is withheld, conditioned or delayed by the insurer(s)).
(d)If the determination of the Indemnitee’s entitlement to indemnification has not been made pursuant to this Section 10 within sixty (60) days after the later of (i) receipt by the Company of Indemnitee’s request for indemnification pursuant to Section 9(a) and (ii) the final disposition of the Proceeding for which Indemnitee requested Indemnification (the “Determination Period”), the requisite determination of entitlement to indemnification will be deemed to have been made and Indemnitee will be entitled to such indemnification, absent (i) a misstatement by Indemnitee of a material fact, or (ii) an omission of a material fact necessary to make Indemnitee’s statement not materially misleading, in connection with the request for indemnification. The Determination Period may be extended for a reasonable time, not to exceed an additional thirty (30) days, if the person, persons or entity making the determination with respect to entitlement to indemnification in good faith requires such additional time for the obtaining or evaluating of documentation and/or information relating thereto; and provided, further, the Determination Period may be extended an additional sixty (60) days if the determination of entitlement to indemnification is to be made by the stockholders pursuant to Section 10(a) of this Agreement.
Section 11.Presumptions and Effect of Certain Proceedings.
(a)To the extent permitted by applicable law, in making a determination with respect to entitlement to indemnification hereunder, it shall be presumed that Indemnitee is
entitled to indemnification under this Agreement if Indemnitee has submitted a request for indemnification in accordance with Section 9(a) of this Agreement, and the Company shall have the burden of proof and the burden of persuasion by clear and convincing evidence to overcome that presumption in connection with the making of any determination contrary to that presumption.
(b)The termination of any Proceeding or of any claim, issue or matter therein, by judgment, order, settlement or conviction, or upon a plea of guilty, nolo contendere or its equivalent, shall not (except as otherwise expressly provided in this Agreement) of itself adversely affect the right of Indemnitee to indemnification or create a presumption that Indemnitee did not act in good faith and in a manner which he or she reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Company or, with respect to any criminal Proceeding, that Indemnitee had reasonable cause to believe that his, her or their conduct was unlawful.
(c)Indemnitee shall be deemed to have acted in good faith if Indemnitee’s actions based on the records or books of account of the Company or any other Enterprise, including financial statements, or on information supplied to Indemnitee by the directors, officers, agents or employees of the Company or any other Enterprise in the course of their duties, or on the advice of legal counsel for the Company or any other Enterprise or on information or records given or reports made to the Company or any other Enterprise by an independent certified public accountant or by an appraiser or other expert selected with reasonable care by the Company or any other Enterprise. The provisions of this Section 11(c) shall not be deemed to be exclusive or to limit in any way the other circumstances in which Indemnitee may be deemed to have met the applicable standard of conduct set forth in this Agreement. In addition, the knowledge and/or actions, or failure to act, of any director, manager, partner, officer, employee, agent or trustee of the Company, any subsidiary of the Company, or any Enterprise shall not be imputed to Indemnitee for purposes of determining the right to indemnification under this Agreement. Whether or not the foregoing provisions of this Section 11(c) are satisfied, it shall in any event be presumed that Indemnitee has at all times acted in good faith and in a manner Indemnitee reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Company. Anyone seeking to overcome this presumption shall have the burden of proof and the burden of persuasion by clear and convincing evidence.
Section 12.Remedies of Indemnitee.
(a)Subject to Section 12(f), in the event that (i) a determination is made pursuant to Section 10 of this Agreement that Indemnitee is not entitled to indemnification under this Agreement, (ii) advancement of Expenses is not timely made pursuant to Section 8 of this Agreement, (iii) no determination of entitlement to indemnification shall have been made pursuant to Section 10(a) of this Agreement within sixty (60) days after receipt by the Company of the request for indemnification for which a determination is to be made other than by Independent Counsel, (iv) payment of indemnification or reimbursement of expenses is not made pursuant to Section 5 or 6 or the last sentence of Section 10(a) of this Agreement within thirty (30) days after receipt by the Company of a written request therefor (including any invoices received by Indemnitee, which such invoices may be redacted as necessary to avoid the waiver of any privilege accorded by applicable law) or (v) payment of indemnification pursuant to
Section 3 or 4 of this Agreement is not made within thirty (30) days after a determination has been made that Indemnitee is entitled to indemnification, Indemnitee shall be entitled to an adjudication by the Delaware Court of his, her or their entitlement to such indemnification or advancement. Alternatively, Indemnitee, at his, her or their option, may seek an award in arbitration to be conducted by a single arbitrator pursuant to the Commercial Arbitration Rules of the American Arbitration Association. Indemnitee shall commence such proceeding seeking an adjudication or an award in arbitration within 180 days following the date on which Indemnitee first has the right to commence such proceeding pursuant to this Section 12(a); provided, however, that the foregoing time limitation shall not apply in respect of a proceeding brought by Indemnitee to enforce his, her or their rights under Section 5 of this Agreement. The Company shall not oppose Indemnitee’s right to seek any such adjudication or award in arbitration.
(b)In the event that a determination shall have been made pursuant to Section 10(a) of this Agreement that Indemnitee is not entitled to indemnification, any judicial proceeding or arbitration commenced pursuant to this Section 12 shall be conducted in all respects as a de novo trial, or arbitration, on the merits and Indemnitee shall not be prejudiced by reason of that adverse determination. In any judicial proceeding or arbitration commenced pursuant to this Section 12, the Company shall have the burden of proving Indemnitee is not entitled to indemnification or advancement, as the case may be.
(c)If a determination shall have been made pursuant to Section 10(a) of this Agreement that Indemnitee is entitled to indemnification, the Company shall be bound by such determination in any judicial proceeding or arbitration commenced pursuant to this Section 12, absent (i) a misstatement by Indemnitee of a material fact, or an omission of a material fact necessary to make Indemnitee’s statement not materially misleading, in connection with the request for indemnification, or (ii) a prohibition of such indemnification under applicable law.
(d)The Company shall be precluded from asserting in any judicial proceeding or arbitration commenced pursuant to this Section 12 that the procedures and presumptions of this Agreement are not valid, binding and enforceable and shall stipulate in any such court or before any such arbitrator that the Company is bound by all the provisions of this Agreement.
(e)The Company shall indemnify Indemnitee to the fullest extent permitted by law against any and all Enforcement Expenses and, if requested by Indemnitee, shall (within thirty (30) days after receipt by the Company of a written request therefor) advance, to the extent not prohibited by law, such Enforcement Expenses to Indemnitee, which are incurred by Indemnitee in connection with any action brought by Indemnitee for indemnification or advancement from the Company under this Agreement or under any directors’ and officers’ liability insurance policies maintained by the Company in the suit for which indemnification or advancement is being sought. Such written request for advancement shall include invoices received by Indemnitee in connection with such Enforcement Expenses but, in the case of invoices in connection with legal services, any references to legal work performed or to expenditures made that would cause Indemnitee to waive any privilege accorded by applicable law need not be included with the invoice.
(f)Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, no determination as to entitlement to indemnification under this Agreement shall be required to be made prior to the final disposition of the Proceeding, including any appeal therein.
Section 13.Non-exclusivity; Survival of Rights; Insurance; [Primacy of Indemnification;] Subrogation.
(a)The rights of indemnification and to receive advancement as provided by this Agreement shall not be deemed exclusive of any other rights to which Indemnitee may at any time be entitled under applicable law, the Charter, the Bylaws, any agreement, a vote of stockholders or a resolution of directors, or otherwise. No amendment, alteration or repeal of this Agreement or of any provision hereof shall limit or restrict any right of Indemnitee under this Agreement in respect of any action taken or omitted by such Indemnitee in his, her or their Corporate Status prior to such amendment, alteration or repeal. To the extent that a change in Delaware law, whether by statute or judicial decision, permits greater indemnification or advancement than would be afforded currently under the Charter, Bylaws and this Agreement, it is the intent of the parties hereto that Indemnitee shall enjoy by this Agreement the greater benefits so afforded by such change. No right or remedy herein conferred is intended to be exclusive of any other right or remedy, and every other right and remedy shall be cumulative and in addition to every other right and remedy given hereunder or now or hereafter existing at law or in equity or otherwise. The assertion or employment of any right or remedy hereunder, or otherwise, shall not prevent the concurrent assertion or employment of any other right or remedy.
(b)
(i)To the extent that the Company maintains an insurance policy or policies providing liability insurance for directors, managers, partners, officers, employees, agents or trustees of the Company or of any other Enterprise, Indemnitee shall be covered by such policy or policies in accordance with its or their terms to the maximum extent of the coverage available for any such director, manager, partner, officer, employee, agent or trustee under such policy or policies. If, at the time of the receipt of a notice of a claim pursuant to the terms hereof, the Company has director and officer liability insurance in effect, the Company shall give prompt notice of such claim to the insurers in accordance with the procedures set forth in the respective policies. The Company shall thereafter take all necessary or desirable action to cause such insurers to pay, on behalf of the Indemnitee, all amounts payable as a result of such Proceeding in accordance with the terms of such policies. Upon request of Indemnitee, the Company shall also promptly provide to Indemnitee: (i) copies of all of the Company’s potentially applicable directors’ and officers’ liability insurance policies, (ii) copies of such notices delivered to the applicable insurers, and (iii) copies of all subsequent communications and correspondence between the Company and such insurers regarding the Proceeding. Further, if requested by Indemnitee, within two business days of such request the Company will instruct the insurance carriers and the Company’s insurance broker that they may communicate directly with Indemnitee regarding such claim.
(ii)In the event of a change of control or the Company’s becoming insolvent, the Company shall maintain in force any and all insurance policies then maintained by the Company in providing insurance--directors’ and officers’ liability, fiduciary, employment
practices or otherwise--in respect of the individual directors and officers of the Company, for a fixed period of six years thereafter (a “Tail Policy”). Such coverage shall be non-cancellable and shall be placed and serviced for the duration of its term by the Company’s incumbent insurance broker. Such broker shall place the Tail policy with the incumbent insurance carriers using the policies that were in place at the time of the change of control event (unless the incumbent carriers will not offer such policies, in which case the Tail Policy placed by the Company’s insurance broker shall be substantially comparable in scope and amount as the expiring policies, and the insurance carriers for the Tail Policy shall have an AM Best rating that is the same or better than the AM Best ratings of the expiring policies).
(c)[The Company hereby acknowledges that Indemnitee has certain rights to indemnification, advancement of expenses and/or insurance provided by [Name of Fund/Sponsor] and certain of [its][their] affiliates (collectively, the “Fund Indemnitors”). The Company hereby agrees (i) that it is the indemnitor of first resort (i.e., its obligations to Indemnitee are primary and any obligation of the Fund Indemnitors to advance expenses or to provide indemnification for the same expenses or liabilities incurred by Indemnitee are secondary), (ii) that it shall be required to advance the full amount of expenses incurred by Indemnitee and shall be liable for the full amount of all Expenses, judgments, penalties, fines and amounts paid in settlement to the extent legally permitted and as required by the terms of this Agreement and the Charter and/or Bylaws (or any other agreement between the Company and Indemnitee), without regard to any rights Indemnitee may have against the Fund Indemnitors, and (iii) that it irrevocably waives, relinquishes and releases the Fund Indemnitors from any and all claims against the Fund Indemnitors for contribution, subrogation or any other recovery of any kind in respect thereof. The Company further agrees that no advancement or payment by the Fund Indemnitors on behalf of Indemnitee with respect to any claim for which Indemnitee has sought indemnification from the Company shall affect the foregoing and the Fund Indemnitors shall have a right of contribution and/or be subrogated to the extent of such advancement or payment to all of the rights of recovery of Indemnitee against the Company. The Company and Indemnitee agree that the Fund Indemnitors are express third party beneficiaries of the terms of this Section 13(c).]
(d)[Except as provided in paragraph (c) above,] [I/i]n the event of any payment under this Agreement, the Company shall be subrogated to the extent of such payment to all of the rights of recovery of Indemnitee [(other than against the Fund Indemnitors)], who shall execute all papers required and take all action necessary to secure such rights, including execution of such documents as are necessary to enable the Company to bring suit to enforce such rights.
(e)[Except as provided in paragraph (c) above,] [T/t]he Company’s obligation to provide indemnification or advancement hereunder to Indemnitee who is or was serving at the request of the Company as a director, manager, partner, officer, employee, agent or trustee of any other Enterprise shall be reduced by any amount Indemnitee has actually received as indemnification or advancement from such other Enterprise.
Section 14.Duration of Agreement. All agreements and obligations of the Company contained herein shall continue during the period Indemnitee is a director, officer, employee or
other agent of the Company (or is or was serving at the request of the Company as a director, officer, employee or other agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise) and shall continue thereafter so long as Indemnitee shall be subject to any possible proceeding, claim or threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, arbitrational, administrative or investigative, by reason of the fact that Indemnitee was serving in the capacity referred to herein. For the avoidance of doubt, this Agreement shall provide for rights of indemnification and advancement of Expenses as set forth herein for any event or occurrence related to Indemnitee’s service for the Company, regardless of whether such events or occurrences occurred before or after the date of this Agreement. This Agreement shall be binding upon the Company and its successors and assigns and shall inure to the benefit of Indemnitee and his, her or their heirs, executors and administrators. The Company shall require and cause any successor (whether direct or indirect by purchase, merger, consolidation or otherwise) to all, substantially all or a substantial part, of the business and/or assets of the Company, by written agreement in form and substance satisfactory to Indemnitee, expressly to assume and agree to perform this Agreement to the fullest extent permitted by law.
Section 15.Severability. If any provision or provisions of this Agreement shall be held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable for any reason whatsoever: (a) the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions of this Agreement (including, without limitation, each portion of any section of this Agreement containing any such provision held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable, that is not itself invalid, illegal or unenforceable) shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby and shall remain enforceable to the fullest extent permitted by law; (b) such provision or provisions shall be deemed reformed to the extent necessary to conform to applicable law and to give the maximum effect to the intent of the parties hereto; and (c) to the fullest extent possible, the provisions of this Agreement (including, without limitation, each portion of any section of this Agreement containing any such provision held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable, that is not itself invalid, illegal or unenforceable) shall be construed so as to give effect to the intent manifested thereby.
Section 16.Enforcement.
(a)The Company expressly confirms and agrees that it has entered into this Agreement and assumed the obligations imposed on it hereby in order to induce Indemnitee to [serve or continue to serve] as [a director][and][and officer] of the Company, and the Company acknowledges that Indemnitee is relying upon this Agreement in serving as [a director][and][and officer] of the Company.
(b)This Agreement constitutes the entire agreement between the parties hereto with respect to the subject matter hereof and supersedes all prior agreements and understandings, oral, written and implied, between the parties hereto with respect to the subject matter hereof; provided, however, that this Agreement is a supplement to and in furtherance of the Charter, the Bylaws and applicable law, and shall not be deemed a substitute therefor, nor to diminish or abrogate any rights of Indemnitee thereunder.
Section 17.Modification and Waiver. No supplement, modification or amendment, or waiver of any provision, of this Agreement shall be binding unless executed in writing by the
parties thereto. No waiver of any of the provisions of this Agreement shall be deemed or shall constitute a waiver of any other provisions of this Agreement nor shall any waiver constitute a continuing waiver. No supplement, modification or amendment of this Agreement or of any provision hereof shall limit or restrict any right of Indemnitee under this Agreement in respect of any action taken or omitted by such Indemnitee prior to such supplement, modification or amendment.
Section 18.Notice by Indemnitee. Indemnitee agrees promptly to notify the Company in writing upon being served with any summons, citation, subpoena, complaint, indictment, information or other document relating to any Proceeding or matter which may be subject to indemnification, reimbursement or advancement as provided hereunder. The failure of Indemnitee to so notify the Company or any delay in notification shall not relieve the Company of any obligation which it may have to Indemnitee under this Agreement or otherwise, unless, and then only to the extent that, the Company did not otherwise learn of the Proceeding and such delay is materially prejudicial to the Company’s ability to defend such Proceeding or matter; and, provided, further, that notice will be deemed to have been given without any action on the part of Indemnitee in the event the Company is a party to the same Proceeding.
Section 19.Notice by the Company. If the Indemnitee is the subject of, or is, to the knowledge of the Company, implicated in any way during an investigation, whether formal or informal, that is related to Indemnitee’s Corporate Status and that reasonably could lead to a Proceeding for which indemnification can be provided under this Agreement, the Company shall notify the Indemnitee of such investigation and shall share (to the extent legally permissible) with Indemnitee any information it has provided to any third parties concerning the investigation (“Shared Information”). By executing this Agreement, Indemnitee agrees that such Shared Information is material non-public information that Indemnitee is obligated to hold in confidence and may not disclose publicly; provided, however, that Indemnitee may use the Shared Information and disclose such Shared Information to Indemnitee’s legal counsel and third parties, in each case solely in connection with defending Indemnitee from legal liability.
Section 20.Notices. All notices, requests, demands and other communications under this Agreement shall be in writing and shall be deemed to have been duly given if (i) delivered by hand and receipted for by the party to whom said notice or other communication shall have been directed, (ii) mailed by certified or registered mail with postage prepaid, on the third business day after the date on which it is so mailed, (iii) mailed by reputable overnight courier and receipted for by the party to whom said notice or other communication shall have been directed or (iv) sent by facsimile transmission, with receipt of oral confirmation that such transmission has been received:
(a)If to Indemnitee, at such address as Indemnitee shall provide to the Company.
(b)If to the Company to:
Doximity, Inc.
500 3rd St., Suite 510
San Francisco, CA 94107
Attention: General Counsel
or to any other address as may have been furnished to Indemnitee by the Company.
Section 21.Contribution. To the fullest extent permissible under applicable law, if the indemnification provided for in this Agreement is unavailable to Indemnitee for any reason whatsoever, the Company, in lieu of indemnifying Indemnitee, shall contribute to the amount incurred by Indemnitee, whether for judgments, fines, penalties, excise taxes, amounts paid or to be paid in settlement and/or for Expenses, in connection with any Proceeding in such proportion as is deemed fair and reasonable in light of all of the circumstances in order to reflect (i) the relative benefits received by the Company and Indemnitee in connection with the event(s) and/or transaction(s) giving rise to such Proceeding; and/or (ii) the relative fault of the Company (and its directors, officers, employees and agents) and Indemnitee in connection with such event(s) and/or transactions.
Section 22.Internal Revenue Code Section 409A. The Company intends for this Agreement to comply with the Indemnification exception under Section 1.409A-1(b)(10) of the regulations promulgated under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), which provides that indemnification of, or the purchase of an insurance policy providing for payments of, all or part of the expenses incurred or damages paid or payable by Indemnitee with respect to a bona fide claim against Indemnitee or the Company do not provide for a deferral of compensation, subject to Section 409A of the Code, where such claim is based on actions or failures to act by Indemnitee in his, her or their capacity as a service provider of the Company. The parties intend that this Agreement be interpreted and construed with such intent.
Section 23.Applicable Law and Consent to Jurisdiction. This Agreement and the legal relations among the parties shall be governed by, and construed and enforced in accordance with, the laws of the State of Delaware, without regard to its conflict of laws rules. Except with respect to any arbitration commenced by Indemnitee pursuant to Section 12(a) of this Agreement, the Company and Indemnitee hereby irrevocably and unconditionally (i) agree that any action or proceeding arising out of or in connection with this Agreement shall be brought only in the Delaware Court, and not in any other state or federal court in the United States of America or any court in any other country, (ii) consent to submit to the exclusive jurisdiction of the Delaware Court for purposes of any action or proceeding arising out of or in connection with this Agreement, (iii) consent to service of process at the address set forth in Section 19 of this Agreement with the same legal force and validity as if served upon such party personally within the State of Delaware, (iv) waive any objection to the laying of venue of any such action or proceeding in the Delaware Court, and (v) waive, and agree not to plead or to make, any claim that any such action or proceeding brought in the Delaware Court has been brought in an improper or inconvenient forum.
Section 24.Headings. The headings of the paragraphs of this Agreement are inserted for convenience only and shall not be deemed to constitute part of this Agreement or to affect the construction thereof.
Section 25.Identical Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in one or more counterparts, each of which shall for all purposes be deemed to be an original but all of which together shall constitute one and the same Agreement. Only one such counterpart signed by the party against whom enforceability is sought needs to be produced to evidence the existence of this Agreement.
Section 26.Monetary Damages Insufficient/Specific Enforcement. The Company and Indemnitee agree that a monetary remedy for breach of this Agreement may be inadequate, impracticable and difficult of proof, and further agree that such breach may cause Indemnitee irreparable harm. Accordingly, the parties hereto agree that Indemnitee may enforce this Agreement by seeking injunctive relief and/or specific performance hereof, without any necessity of showing actual damage or irreparable harm (having agreed that actual and irreparable harm will result in not forcing the Company to specifically perform its obligations pursuant to this Agreement) and that by seeking injunctive relief and/or specific performance, Indemnitee shall not be precluded from seeking or obtaining any other relief to which he may be entitled. The Company and Indemnitee further agree that Indemnitee shall be entitled to such specific performance and injunctive relief, including temporary restraining orders, preliminary injunctions and permanent injunctions, without the necessity of posting bonds or other undertaking in connection therewith. The Company acknowledges that in the absence of a waiver, a bond or undertaking may be required of Indemnitee by the Court, and the Company hereby waives any such requirement of a bond or undertaking.
[Remainder of Page Intentionally Left Blank]
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have caused this Agreement to be signed as of the day and year first above written.
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DOXIMITY, INC.
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By:
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Name:
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Title:
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[Name of Indemnitee]
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DOXIMITY, INC.
2010 EQUITY INCENTIVE PLAN
As Adopted on April 16, 2010
Amended March 10, 2011, August 27, 2012,
February 23, 2014, April 4, 2014, March 21, 2016,
June 6, 2018, June 10, 2020, February 16, 2021, and May 19, 2021
1. Purposes of the Plan. The purposes of this Plan are:
to attract and retain the best available personnel for positions of substantial responsibility,
to provide additional incentive to Employees, Directors and Consultants, and to promote the success of the Company’s business.
The Plan permits the grant of Incentive Stock Options, Nonstatutory Stock Options, Stock Appreciation Rights, Restricted Stock and Restricted Stock Units.
2. Definitions. As used herein, the following definitions will apply:
(a) “Administrator” means the Board or any of its Committees as will be administering the Plan, in accordance with Section 4 of the Plan.
(b) “Applicable Laws” means the requirements relating to the administration of equity-based awards under U.S. state corporate laws, U.S. federal and state securities laws, the Code, any stock exchange or quotation system on which the Common Stock is listed or quoted and the applicable laws of any foreign country or jurisdiction where Awards are, or will be, granted under the Plan.
(c) “Award” means, individually or collectively, a grant under the Plan of Options, Stock Appreciation Rights, Restricted Stock, or Restricted Stock Units.
(d) “Award Agreement” means the written or electronic agreement setting forth the terms and provisions applicable to each Award granted under the Plan. The Award Agreement is subject to the terms and conditions of the Plan.
(e) “Board” means the Board of Directors of the Company.
(f) “Change in Control” means the occurrence of any of the following events:
(i) Change in Ownership of the Company. A change in the ownership of the Company which occurs on the date that any one person, or more than one person acting as a group (“Person”), acquires ownership of the stock of the Company that, together with the stock held by such Person, constitutes more than 50% of the total voting power of the stock of the Company, except that any change in the ownership of the stock of the Company as a result of a private financing of the Company that is approved by the Board will not be considered a Change in Control; or
(ii) Change in Effective Control of the Company. If the Company has a class of securities registered pursuant to Section 12 of the Exchange Act, a change in the effective control of the
Company which occurs on the date that a majority of members of the Board is replaced during any twelve (12) month period by
Directors whose appointment or election is not endorsed by a majority of the members of the Board prior to the date of the appointment or election. For purposes of this clause (ii), if any Person is considered to be in effective control of the Company, the acquisition of additional control of the Company by the same Person will not be considered a Change in Control; or
(iii) Change in Ownership of a Substantial Portion of the Company’s Assets. A change in the ownership of a substantial portion of the Company’s assets which occurs on the date that any Person acquires (or has acquired during the twelve (12) month period ending on the date of the most recent acquisition by such person or persons) assets from the Company that have a total gross fair market value equal to or more than 50% of the total gross fair market value of all of the assets of the Company immediately prior to such acquisition or acquisitions. For purposes of this subsection (iii), gross fair market value means the value of the assets of the Company, or the value of the assets being disposed of, determined without regard to any liabilities associated with such assets.
For purposes of this Section 2(f), persons will be considered to be acting as a group if they are owners of a corporation that enters into a merger, consolidation, purchase or acquisition of stock, or similar business transaction with the Company.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, a transaction will not be deemed a Change in Control unless the transaction qualifies as a change in control event within the meaning of Code Section 409A, as it has been and may be amended from time to time, and any proposed or final Treasury Regulations and Internal Revenue Service guidance that has been promulgated or may be promulgated thereunder from time to time.
Further and for the avoidance of doubt, a transaction will not constitute a Change in Control if: (i) its sole purpose is to change the jurisdiction of the Company’s incorporation, or (ii) its sole purpose is to create a holding company that will be owned in substantially the same proportions by the persons who held the Company’s securities immediately before such transaction.
(g) “Code” means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended. Any reference to a section of the Code herein will be a reference to any successor or amended section of the Code.
(h) “Committee” means a committee of Directors or of other individuals satisfying Applicable Laws appointed by the Board, or by the compensation committee of the Board, in accordance with Section 4 hereof.
(i) “Common Stock” means the common stock of the Company.
(j) “Company” means DOXIMITY, Inc., a Delaware corporation, or any successor thereto.
(k) “Consultant” means any person, including an advisor, engaged by the Company or a Parent or Subsidiary to render services to such entity.
(l) “Director” means a member of the Board.
(m) “Disability” means total and permanent disability as defined in Code Section 22(e)(3), provided that in the case of Awards other than Incentive Stock Options, the Administrator in its
discretion may determine whether a permanent and total disability exists in accordance with uniform and non-discriminatory standards adopted by the Administrator from time to time.
(n) “Employee” means any person, including officers and Directors, employed by the Company or any Parent or Subsidiary of the Company. Neither service as a Director nor payment of a director’s fee by the Company will be sufficient to constitute “employment” by the Company.
(o) “Exchange Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
(p) “Exchange Program” means a program under which (i) outstanding Awards are surrendered or cancelled in exchange for Awards of the same type (which may have higher or lower exercise prices and different terms), Awards of a different type, and/or cash, (ii) Participants would have the opportunity to transfer any outstanding Awards to a financial institution or other person or entity selected by the Administrator, and/or (iii) the exercise price of an outstanding Award is reduced or increased. The Administrator will determine the terms and conditions of any Exchange Program in its sole discretion.
(q) “Fair Market Value” means, as of any date, the value of Common Stock determined as follows:
(i) If the Common Stock is listed on any established stock exchange or a national market system, including without limitation the Nasdaq Global Select Market, the Nasdaq Global Market or the Nasdaq Capital Market of The Nasdaq Stock Market, its Fair Market Value will be the closing sales price for such stock (or the closing bid, if no sales were reported) as quoted on such exchange or system on the day of determination, as reported in The Wall Street Journal or such other source as the Administrator deems reliable;
(ii) If the Common Stock is regularly quoted by a recognized securities dealer but selling prices are not reported, the Fair Market Value of a Share will be the mean between the high bid and low asked prices for the Common Stock on the day of determination (or, if no bids and asks were reported on that date, as applicable, on the last trading date such bids and asks were reported), as reported in The Wall Street Journal or such other source as the Administrator deems reliable; or
(iii) In the absence of an established market for the Common Stock, the Fair Market Value will be determined in good faith by the Administrator.
(r) “Incentive Stock Option” means an Option that by its terms qualifies and is otherwise intended to qualify as an incentive stock option within the meaning of Code Section 422 and the regulations promulgated thereunder.
(s) “Nonstatutory Stock Option” means an Option that by its terms does not qualify or is not intended to qualify as an Incentive Stock Option.
(t) “Option” means a stock option granted pursuant to the Plan.
(u) “Parent” means a “parent corporation,” whether now or hereafter existing, as defined in Code Section 424(e).
(v) “Participant” means the holder of an outstanding Award.
(w) “Period of Restriction” means the period during which the transfer of Shares of Restricted Stock are subject to restrictions and therefore, the Shares are subject to a substantial risk of forfeiture.
Such restrictions may be based on the passage of time, the achievement of target levels of performance, or the occurrence of
other events as determined by the Administrator.
(x) “Plan” means this 2010 Equity Incentive Plan.
(y) “Restricted Stock” means Shares issued pursuant to an Award of Restricted Stock under Section 8 of the Plan, or issued pursuant to the early exercise of an Option.
(z) “Restricted Stock Unit” means a bookkeeping entry representing an amount equal to the Fair Market Value of one Share, granted pursuant to Section 9. Each Restricted Stock Unit represents an unfunded and unsecured obligation of the Company.
(aa) “Service Provider” means an Employee, Director or Consultant.
(bb) “Share” means a share of the Common Stock, as adjusted in accordance with Section 13 of the Plan.
(cc) “Stock Appreciation Right” means an Award, granted alone or in connection with an Option, that pursuant to Section 7 is designated as a Stock Appreciation Right.
(dd) “Subsidiary” means a “subsidiary corporation,” whether now or hereafter existing, as defined in Code Section 424(f).
3. Stock Subject to the Plan.
(a) Stock Subject to the Plan. Subject to the provisions of Section 13 of the Plan, the maximum aggregate number of Shares that may be subject to Awards and sold under the Plan is 36,258,345 Shares. The Shares may be authorized but unissued, or reacquired Common Stock.
(b) Lapsed Awards. If an Award expires or becomes unexercisable without having been exercised in full, is surrendered pursuant to an Exchange Program, or, with respect to Restricted Stock or Restricted Stock Units, is forfeited to or repurchased by the Company due to the failure to vest, the unpurchased Shares (or for Awards other than Options or Stock Appreciation Rights the forfeited or repurchased Shares) which were subject thereto will become available for future grant or sale under the Plan (unless the Plan has terminated). With respect to Stock Appreciation Rights, only Shares actually issued pursuant to a Stock Appreciation Right will cease to be available under the Plan; all remaining Shares under Stock Appreciation Rights will remain available for future grant or sale under the Plan (unless the Plan has terminated). Shares that have actually been issued under the Plan under any Award will not be returned to the Plan and will not become available for future distribution under the Plan; provided, however, that if Shares issued pursuant to Awards of Restricted Stock or Restricted Stock Units are repurchased by the Company or are forfeited to the Company due to the failure to vest, such Shares will become available for future grant under the Plan. Shares used to pay the exercise price of an Award or to satisfy the tax withholding obligations related to an Award will become available for future grant or sale under the Plan. To the extent an Award under the Plan is paid out in cash rather than Shares, such cash payment will not result in reducing the number of Shares available for issuance under the Plan. Notwithstanding the foregoing and, subject to adjustment as provided in Section 13, the maximum number of Shares that may be issued upon the exercise of Incentive Stock Options will equal the aggregate Share number stated in Section 3(a), plus, to the extent allowable under Code Section 422
and the Treasury Regulations promulgated thereunder, any Shares that become available for issuance under the Plan pursuant to Section 3(b).
(c) Share Reserve. The Company, during the term of this Plan, will at all times reserve and keep
available such number of Shares as will be sufficient to satisfy the requirements of the Plan.
4. Administration of the Plan.
(a) Procedure.
(i) Multiple Administrative Bodies. Different Committees with respect to different groups of Service Providers may administer the Plan.
(ii) Other Administration. Other than as provided above, the Plan will be administered by (A) the Board or (B) a Committee, which Committee will be constituted to satisfy Applicable Laws.
(b) Powers of the Administrator. Subject to the provisions of the Plan, and in the case of a Committee, subject to the specific duties delegated by the Board to such Committee, the Administrator will have the authority, in its discretion:
(i) to determine the Fair Market Value;
(ii) to select the Service Providers to whom Awards may be granted hereunder;
(iii) to determine the number of Shares to be covered by each Award granted hereunder;
(iv) to approve forms of Award Agreements for use under the Plan;
(v) to determine the terms and conditions, not inconsistent with the terms of the Plan, of any Award granted hereunder. Such terms and conditions include, but are not limited to, the exercise price, the time or times when Awards may be exercised (which may be based on performance criteria), any vesting acceleration or waiver of forfeiture restrictions, and any restriction or limitation regarding any Award or the Shares relating thereto, based in each case on such factors as the Administrator will determine;
(vi) to institute and determine the terms and conditions of an Exchange Program;
(vii) to construe and interpret the terms of the Plan and Awards granted pursuant to the Plan;
(viii) to prescribe, amend and rescind rules and regulations relating to the Plan, including rules and regulations relating to sub-plans established for the purpose of satisfying applicable foreign laws or for qualifying for favorable tax treatment under applicable foreign laws;
(ix) to modify or amend each Award (subject to Section 18(c) of the Plan), including but not limited to the discretionary authority to extend the post-termination exercisability period of Awards and to extend the maximum term of an Option (subject to Section 6(d));
(x) to allow Participants to satisfy withholding tax obligations in a manner prescribed in Section 14;
(xi) to authorize any person to execute on behalf of the Company any instrument required to effect the grant of an Award previously granted by the Administrator;
(xii) to allow a Participant to defer the receipt of the payment of cash or the delivery of Shares that otherwise would be due to such Participant under an Award; and
(xiii) to make all other determinations deemed necessary or advisable for administering the Plan.
(c) Effect of Administrator’s Decision. The Administrator’s decisions, determinations and interpretations will be final and binding on all Participants and any other holders of Awards.
5. Eligibility. Nonstatutory Stock Options, Stock Appreciation Rights, Restricted Stock, and Restricted Stock Units may be granted to Service Providers. Incentive Stock Options may be granted only to Employees.
6. Stock Options.
(a) Grant of Options. Subject to the terms and provisions of the Plan, the Administrator, at any time and from time to time, may grant Options in such amounts as the Administrator, in its sole discretion, will determine.
(b) Option Agreement. Each Award of an Option will be evidenced by an Award Agreement that will specify the exercise price, the term of the Option, the number of Shares subject to the Option, the exercise restrictions, if any, applicable to the Option, and such other terms and conditions as the Administrator, in its sole discretion, will determine.
(c) Limitations. Each Option will be designated in the Award Agreement as either an Incentive Stock Option or a Nonstatutory Stock Option. Notwithstanding such designation, however, to the extent that the aggregate Fair Market Value of the Shares with respect to which Incentive Stock Options are exercisable for the first time by the Participant during any calendar year (under all plans of the Company and any Parent or Subsidiary) exceeds one hundred thousand dollars ($100,000), such Options will be treated as Nonstatutory Stock Options. For purposes of this Section 6(c), Incentive Stock Options will be taken into account in the order in which they were granted, the Fair Market Value of the Shares will be determined as of the time the Option with respect to such Shares is granted, and calculation will be performed in accordance with Code Section 422 and Treasury Regulations promulgated thereunder.
(d) Term of Option. The term of each Option will be stated in the Award Agreement; provided, however, that the term will be no more than ten (10) years from the date of grant thereof. In the case of an Incentive Stock Option granted to a Participant who, at the time the Incentive Stock Option is granted, owns stock representing more than ten percent (10%) of the total combined voting power of all classes of stock of the Company or any Parent or Subsidiary, the term of the Incentive Stock Option will be five (5) years from the date of grant or such shorter term as may be provided in the Award Agreement.
(e) Option Exercise Price and Consideration.
(i) Exercise Price. The per Share exercise price for the Shares to be issued pursuant to the exercise of an Option will be determined by the Administrator, but will be no less than one hundred percent (100%) of the Fair Market Value per Share on the date of grant. In addition, in the case of an Incentive Stock Option granted to an Employee who owns stock representing more than ten percent (10%) of the voting power of all classes of stock of the Company or any Parent or Subsidiary, the per Share exercise price will be no less than one hundred ten percent (110%) of the Fair Market Value per Share on the date of grant. Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section 6(e)(i), Options may be granted with a per Share exercise price of less than one hundred percent (100%) of the Fair Market Value per Share on the date of grant pursuant to a transaction described in, and in a manner consistent with, Code Section 424(a).
(ii) Waiting Period and Exercise Dates. At the time an Option is granted, the Administrator will fix the period within which the Option may be exercised and will determine any conditions that must be satisfied before the Option may be exercised.
(iii) Form of Consideration. The Administrator will determine the acceptable form of consideration for exercising an Option, including the method of payment. In the case of an Incentive Stock Option, the Administrator will determine the acceptable form of consideration at the time of grant. Such consideration may consist entirely of: (1) cash; (2) check; (3) promissory note, to the extent permitted by Applicable Laws, (4) other Shares, provided that such Shares have a Fair Market Value on the date of surrender equal to the aggregate exercise price of the Shares as to which such Option will be exercised and provided further that accepting such Shares will not result in any adverse accounting consequences to the Company, as the Administrator determines in its sole discretion; (5) consideration received by the Company under cashless exercise program (whether through a broker or otherwise) implemented by the Company in connection with the Plan; (6) by net exercise, (7) such other consideration and method of payment for the issuance of Shares to the extent permitted by Applicable Laws, or (8) any combination of the foregoing methods of payment. In making its determination as to the type of consideration to accept, the Administrator will consider if acceptance of such consideration may be reasonably expected to benefit the Company.
(f) Exercise of Option.
(i) Procedure for Exercise; Rights as a Stockholder. Any Option granted hereunder will be exercisable according to the terms of the Plan and at such times and under such conditions as determined by the Administrator and set forth in the Award Agreement. An Option may not be exercised for a fraction of a Share.
An Option will be deemed exercised when the Company receives: (i) notice of exercise (in such form as the Administrator may specify from time to time) from the person entitled to exercise the Option, and (ii) full payment for the Shares with respect to which the Option is exercised (together with applicable tax withholding). Full payment may consist of any consideration and method of payment authorized by the Administrator and permitted by the Award Agreement and the Plan. Shares issued upon exercise of an Option will be issued in the name of the Participant or, if requested by the Participant, in the name of the Participant and his or her spouse. Until the Shares are issued (as evidenced by the appropriate entry on the books of the Company or of a duly authorized transfer agent of the Company), no right to vote or receive dividends or any other rights as a stockholder will exist with respect to the Shares subject to an Option, notwithstanding the exercise of the Option. The Company will issue (or cause to be issued) such Shares promptly after the Option is exercised. No adjustment will be made for a dividend or other right for which the record date is prior to the date the Shares are issued, except as provided in Section 13 of the Plan.
Exercising an Option in any manner will decrease the number of Shares thereafter available, both for purposes of the Plan and for sale under the Option, by the number of Shares as to which the Option is exercised.
(ii) Termination of Relationship as a Service Provider. If a Participant ceases to be a Service Provider, other than upon the Participant’s termination as the result of the Participant’s death or Disability, the Participant may exercise his or her Option within thirty (30) days of termination, or such longer period of time as is specified in the Award Agreement (but in no event later than the expiration of the term of such Option as set forth in the Award Agreement) to the extent that the Option is vested
on the date of termination. Unless otherwise provided by the Administrator, if on the date of termination the Participant is not vested as to his or
her entire Option, the Shares covered by the unvested portion of the Option will revert to the Plan. If after termination the Participant does not exercise his or her Option within the time specified by the Administrator, the Option will terminate, and the Shares covered by such Option will revert to the Plan.
(iii) Disability of Participant. If a Participant ceases to be a Service Provider as a result of the Participant’s Disability, the Participant may exercise his or her Option within six (6) months of termination, or such longer period of time as is specified in the Award Agreement (but in no event later than the expiration of the term of such Option as set forth in the Award Agreement) to the extent the Option is vested on the date of termination. Unless otherwise provided by the Administrator, if on the date of termination the Participant is not vested as to his or her entire Option, the Shares covered by the unvested portion of the Option will revert to the Plan. If after termination the Participant does not exercise his or her Option within the time specified herein, the Option will terminate, and the Shares covered by such Option will revert to the Plan.
(iv) Death of Participant. If a Participant dies while a Service Provider, the Option may be exercised within six (6) months following the Participant’s death, or within such longer period of time as is specified in the Award Agreement (but in no event later than the expiration of the term of such Option as set forth in the Award Agreement) to the extent that the Option is vested on the date of death, by the Participant’s designated beneficiary, provided such beneficiary has been designated prior to the Participant’s death in a form acceptable to the Administrator. If no such beneficiary has been designated by the Participant, then such Option may be exercised by the personal representative of the Participant’s estate or by the person(s) to whom the Option is transferred pursuant to the Participant’s will or in accordance with the laws of descent and distribution. Unless otherwise provided by the Administrator, if at the time of death Participant is not vested as to his or her entire Option, the Shares covered by the unvested portion of the Option will immediately revert to the Plan. If the Option is not so exercised within the time specified herein, the Option will terminate, and the Shares covered by such Option will revert to the Plan.
7. Stock Appreciation Rights.
(a) Grant of Stock Appreciation Rights. Subject to the terms and conditions of the Plan, a Stock Appreciation Right may be granted to Service Providers at any time and from time to time as will be determined by the Administrator, in its sole discretion.
(b) Number of Shares. The Administrator will have complete discretion to determine the number of Shares subject to any Award of Stock Appreciation Rights.
(c) Exercise Price and Other Terms. The per Share exercise price for the Shares that will determine the amount of the payment to be received upon exercise of a Stock Appreciation Right as set forth in Section 7(f) will be determined by the Administrator and will be no less than one hundred percent (100%) of the Fair Market Value per Share on the date of grant. Otherwise, the Administrator, subject to the provisions of the Plan, will have complete discretion to determine the terms and conditions of Stock Appreciation Rights granted under the Plan.
(d) Stock Appreciation Right Agreement. Each Stock Appreciation Right grant will be evidenced by an Award Agreement that will specify the exercise price, the term of the Stock Appreciation Right,
the conditions of exercise, and such other terms and conditions as the Administrator, in its sole discretion, will determine.
(e) Expiration of Stock Appreciation Rights. A Stock Appreciation Right granted under the Plan will
expire upon the date determined by the Administrator, in its sole discretion, and set forth in the Award Agreement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the rules of Section 6(d) relating to the maximum term and Section 6(f) relating to exercise also will apply to Stock Appreciation Rights.
(f) Payment of Stock Appreciation Right Amount. Upon exercise of a Stock Appreciation Right, a Participant will be entitled to receive payment from the Company in an amount determined by multiplying:
(i) The difference between the Fair Market Value of a Share on the date of exercise over the exercise price; times
(ii) The number of Shares with respect to which the Stock Appreciation Right is exercised.
At the discretion of the Administrator, the payment upon Stock Appreciation Right exercise may be in cash, in Shares of equivalent value, or in some combination thereof.
8. Restricted Stock.
(a) Grant of Restricted Stock. Subject to the terms and provisions of the Plan, the Administrator, at any time and from time to time, may grant Shares of Restricted Stock to Service Providers in such amounts as the Administrator, in its sole discretion, will determine.
(b) Restricted Stock Agreement. Each Award of Restricted Stock will be evidenced by an Award Agreement that will specify the Period of Restriction, the number of Shares granted, and such other terms and conditions as the Administrator, in its sole discretion, will determine. Unless the Administrator determines otherwise, the Company as escrow agent will hold Shares of Restricted Stock until the restrictions on such Shares have lapsed.
(c) Transferability. Except as provided in this Section 8 or as the Administrator determines, Shares of Restricted Stock may not be sold, transferred, pledged, assigned, or otherwise alienated or hypothecated until the end of the applicable Period of Restriction.
(d) Other Restrictions. The Administrator, in its sole discretion, may impose such other restrictions on Shares of Restricted Stock as it may deem advisable or appropriate.
(e) Removal of Restrictions. Except as otherwise provided in this Section 8, Shares of Restricted Stock covered by each Restricted Stock grant made under the Plan will be released from escrow as soon as practicable after the last day of the Period of Restriction or at such other time as the Administrator may determine. The Administrator, in its discretion, may accelerate the time at which any restrictions will lapse or be removed.
(f) Voting Rights. During the Period of Restriction, Service Providers holding Shares of Restricted Stock granted hereunder may exercise full voting rights with respect to those Shares, unless the Administrator determines otherwise.
(g) Dividends and Other Distributions. During the Period of Restriction, Service Providers holding Shares of Restricted Stock will be entitled to receive all dividends and other distributions paid with
respect to such Shares, unless the Administrator provides otherwise. If any such dividends or distributions are paid in Shares, the Shares will be subject to the same restrictions on transferability and forfeitability as the Shares of Restricted Stock with respect to which they were paid.
(h) Return of Restricted Stock to Company. On the date set forth in the Award Agreement, the Restricted Stock for which restrictions have not lapsed will revert to the Company and again will become available for grant under the Plan.
9. Restricted Stock Units.
(a) Grant. Restricted Stock Units may be granted at any time and from time to time as determined by the Administrator. After the Administrator determines that it will grant Restricted Stock Units, it will advise the Participant in an Award Agreement of the terms, conditions, and restrictions related to the grant, including the number of Restricted Stock Units.
(b) Vesting Criteria and Other Terms. The Administrator will set vesting criteria in its discretion, which, depending on the extent to which the criteria are met, will determine the number of Restricted Stock Units that will be paid out to the Participant. The Administrator may set vesting criteria based upon the achievement of Company-wide, business unit, or individual goals (including, but not limited to, continued employment or service), or any other basis determined by the Administrator in its discretion.
(c) Earning Restricted Stock Units. Upon meeting the applicable vesting criteria, the Participant will be entitled to receive a payout as determined by the Administrator. Notwithstanding the foregoing, at any time after the grant of Restricted Stock Units, the Administrator, in its sole discretion, may reduce or waive any vesting criteria that must be met to receive a payout.
(d) Form and Timing of Payment. Payment of earned Restricted Stock Units will be made as soon as practicable after the date(s) determined by the Administrator and set forth in the Award Agreement. The Administrator, in its sole discretion, may settle earned Restricted Stock Units in cash, Shares, or a combination of both.
(e) Cancellation. On the date set forth in the Award Agreement, all unearned Restricted Stock Units will be forfeited to the Company.
10. Compliance With Code Section 409A. Awards will be designed and operated in such a manner that they are either exempt from the application of, or comply with, the requirements of Code Section 409A, except as otherwise determined in the sole discretion of the Administrator. The Plan and each Award Agreement under the Plan is intended to meet the requirements of Code Section 409A and will be construed and interpreted in accordance with such intent, except as otherwise determined in the sole discretion of the Administrator. To the extent that an Award or payment, or the settlement or deferral thereof, is subject to Code Section 409A the Award will be granted, paid, settled or deferred in a manner that will meet the requirements of Code Section 409A, such that the grant, payment, settlement or deferral will not be subject to the additional tax or interest applicable under Code Section 409A.
11. Leaves of Absence/Transfer Between Locations. Unless the Administrator provides otherwise, vesting of Awards granted hereunder will be suspended during any unpaid leave of absence. A Participant will not cease to be an Employee in the case of (i) any leave of absence approved by the Company or (ii) transfers between locations of the Company or between the Company, its Parent, or any Subsidiary. For purposes of Incentive Stock Options, no such leave may exceed three (3) months,
unless reemployment upon expiration of such leave is guaranteed by statute or contract. If reemployment upon expiration of a leave of absence approved by the Company is not so guaranteed, then six (6) months following the first (1st) day of such leave, any Incentive Stock Option held by the Participant will cease to be treated as an Incentive Stock Option and will be treated for tax purposes as a Nonstatutory Stock Option.
12. Limited Transferability of Awards.
(a) Unless determined otherwise by the Administrator, Awards may not be sold, pledged, assigned, hypothecated, or otherwise transferred in any manner other than by will or by the laws of descent and distribution, and may be exercised, during the lifetime of the Participant, only by the Participant. If the Administrator makes an Award transferable, such Award may only be transferred (i) by will, (ii) by the laws of descent and distribution, or (iii) as permitted by Rule 701 of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”).
(b) Further, until the Company becomes subject to the reporting requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, or after the Administrator determines that it is, will, or may no longer be relying upon the exemption from registration under the Exchange Act as set forth in Rule 12h-1(f) promulgated under the Exchange Act, an Option, or prior to exercise, the Shares subject to the Option, may not be pledged, hypothecated or otherwise transferred or disposed of, in any manner, including by entering into any short position, any “put equivalent position” or any “call equivalent position” (as defined in Rule 16a-1(h) and Rule 16a-1(b) of the Exchange Act, respectively), other than to (i) persons who are “family members” (as defined in Rule 701(c)(3) of the Securities Act) through gifts or domestic relations orders, or (ii) to an executor or guardian of the Participant upon the death or disability of the Participant. Notwithstanding the foregoing sentence, the Administrator, in its sole discretion, may determine to permit transfers to the Company or in connection with a Change in Control or other acquisition transactions involving the Company to the extent permitted by Rule 12h-1(f).
13. Adjustments; Dissolution or Liquidation; Merger or Change in Control.
(a) Adjustments. In the event that any dividend or other distribution (whether in the form of cash, Shares, other securities, or other property), recapitalization, stock split, reverse stock split, reorganization, merger, consolidation, split-up, spin-off, combination, repurchase, or exchange of Shares or other securities of the Company, or other change in the corporate structure of the Company affecting the Shares occurs, the Administrator, in order to prevent diminution or enlargement of the benefits or potential benefits intended to be made available under the Plan, will adjust the number and class of Shares that may be delivered under the Plan and/or the number, class, and price of Shares covered by each outstanding Award; provided, however, that the Administrator will make such adjustments to an Award required by Section 25102(o) of the California Corporations Code to the extent the Company is relying upon the exemption afforded thereby with respect to the Award.
(b) Dissolution or Liquidation. In the event of the proposed dissolution or liquidation of the Company, the Administrator will notify each Participant as soon as practicable prior to the effective date of such proposed transaction. To the extent it has not been previously exercised, an Award will terminate immediately prior to the consummation of such proposed action.
(c) Merger or Change in Control. In the event of a merger or Change in Control, each outstanding Award will be treated as the Administrator determines (subject to the provisions of the proceeding paragraph) without a Participant’s consent, including, without limitation, that (i) Awards will be
assumed, or substantially equivalent Awards will be substituted, by the acquiring or succeeding corporation (or an affiliate thereof) with appropriate adjustments as to the number and kind of shares and prices; (ii) upon written notice to a Participant, that the Participant’s Awards will terminate upon or immediately prior to the consummation of such merger or Change in Control; (iii) outstanding Awards will vest and become exercisable, realizable, or payable, or restrictions applicable to an Award will lapse, in whole or in part prior to or upon consummation of such merger or Change in Control, and, to the extent the Administrator determines, terminate upon or immediately prior to the effectiveness of such merger or Change in Control; (iv) (A) the termination of an Award in exchange for an amount of cash and/or property, if any, equal to the amount that would have been attained upon the exercise of such Award or realization of the Participant’s rights as of the date of the occurrence of the transaction (and, for the avoidance of doubt, if as of the date of the occurrence of the transaction the Administrator determines in good faith that no amount would have been attained upon the exercise of such Award or realization of the Participant’s rights, then such Award may be terminated by the Company without payment), or (B) the replacement of such Award with other rights or property selected by the Administrator in its sole discretion; or (v) any combination of the foregoing. In taking any of the actions permitted under this subsection 13(c), the Administrator will not be obligated to treat all Awards, all Awards held by a Participant, or all Awards of the same type, similarly.
In the event that the successor corporation does not assume or substitute for the Award (or portion thereof), the Participant will fully vest in and have the right to exercise all of his or her outstanding Options and Stock Appreciation Rights, including Shares as to which such Awards would not otherwise be vested or exercisable, all restrictions on Restricted Stock and Restricted Stock Units will lapse, and, with respect to Awards with performance-based vesting, all performance goals or other vesting criteria will be deemed achieved at one hundred percent (100%) of target levels and all other terms and conditions met. In addition, if an Option or Stock Appreciation Right is not assumed or substituted in the event of a merger or Change in Control, the Administrator will notify the Participant in writing or electronically that the Option or Stock Appreciation Right will be exercisable for a period of time determined by the Administrator in its sole discretion, and the Option or Stock Appreciation Right will terminate upon the expiration of such period.
For the purposes of this subsection 13(c), an Award will be considered assumed if, following the merger or Change in Control, the Award confers the right to purchase or receive, for each Share subject to the Award immediately prior to the merger or Change in Control, the consideration (whether stock, cash, or other securities or property) received in the merger or Change in Control by holders of Common Stock for each Share held on the effective date of the transaction (and if holders were offered a choice of consideration, the type of consideration chosen by the holders of a majority of the outstanding Shares); provided, however, that if such consideration received in the merger or Change in Control is not solely common stock of the successor corporation or its Parent, the Administrator may, with the consent of the successor corporation, provide for the consideration to be received upon the exercise of an Option or Stock Appreciation Right or upon the payout of a Restricted Stock Unit, for each Share subject to such Award, to be solely common stock of the successor corporation or its Parent equal in fair market value to the per share consideration received by holders of Common Stock in the merger or Change in Control.
Notwithstanding anything in this Section 13(c) to the contrary, an Award that vests, is earned or paid-out upon the satisfaction of one or more performance goals will not be considered assumed if the Company or its successor modifies any of such performance goals without the Participant’s consent; provided, however, a modification to such performance goals only to reflect the successor
corporation’s post-Change in Control corporate structure will not be deemed to invalidate an otherwise valid Award assumption.
Notwithstanding anything in this Section 13(c) to the contrary, if a payment under an Award Agreement is subject to Code Section 409A and if the change in control definition contained in the Award Agreement does not comply with the definition of “change of control” for purposes of a distribution under Code Section 409A, then any payment of an amount that is otherwise accelerated under this Section will be delayed until the earliest time that such payment would be permissible under Code Section 409A without triggering any penalties applicable under Code Section 409A.
14. Tax Withholding.
(a) Withholding Requirements. Prior to the delivery of any Shares or cash pursuant to an Award (or exercise thereof), the Company will have the power and the right to deduct or withhold, or require a Participant to remit to the Company, an amount sufficient to satisfy federal, state, local, foreign or other taxes (including the Participant’s FICA obligation) required to be withheld with respect to such Award (or exercise thereof).
(b) Withholding Arrangements. The Administrator, in its sole discretion and pursuant to such procedures as it may specify from time to time, may permit a Participant to satisfy such tax withholding obligation, in whole or in part by (without limitation) (i) paying cash, (ii) electing to have the Company withhold otherwise deliverable Shares having a Fair Market Value equal to the minimum statutory amount required to be withheld, (iii) delivering to the Company already-owned Shares having a Fair Market Value equal to the statutory amount required to be withheld, provided the delivery of such Shares will not result in any adverse accounting consequences, as the Administrator determines in its sole discretion, or (iv) selling a sufficient number of Shares otherwise deliverable to the Participant through such means as the Administrator may determine in its sole discretion (whether through a broker or otherwise) equal to the amount required to be withheld. The amount of the withholding requirement will be deemed to include any amount which the Administrator agrees may be withheld at the time the election is made, not to exceed the amount determined by using the maximum federal, state or local marginal income tax rates applicable to the Participant with respect to the Award on the date that the amount of tax to be withheld is to be determined. The Fair Market Value of the Shares to be withheld or delivered will be determined as of the date that the taxes are required to be withheld.
15. No Effect on Employment or Service. Neither the Plan nor any Award will confer upon a Participant any right with respect to continuing the Participant’s relationship as a Service Provider with the Company, nor will they interfere in any way with the Participant’s right or the Company’s right to terminate such relationship at any time, with or without cause, to the extent permitted by Applicable Laws.
16. Date of Grant. The date of grant of an Award will be, for all purposes, the date on which the Administrator makes the determination granting such Award, or such other later date as is determined by the Administrator. Notice of the determination will be provided to each Participant within a reasonable time after the date of such grant.
17. Term of Plan. Subject to Section 21 of the Plan, the Plan will become effective upon its adoption by the Board. Unless sooner terminated under Section 18, it will continue in effect for a term of ten (10) years from the later of (a) the effective date of the Plan, or (b) the earlier of the most recent Board or stockholder approval of an increase in the number of Shares reserved for issuance under the Plan.
18. Amendment and Termination of the Plan.
(a) Amendment and Termination. The Board may at any time amend, alter, suspend or terminate the Plan.
(b) Stockholder Approval. The Company will obtain stockholder approval of any Plan amendment to the extent necessary and desirable to comply with Applicable Laws.
(c) Effect of Amendment or Termination. No amendment, alteration, suspension or termination of the Plan will impair the rights of any Participant, unless mutually agreed otherwise between the Participant and the Administrator, which agreement must be in writing and signed by the Participant and the Company. Termination of the Plan will not affect the Administrator’s ability to exercise the powers granted to it hereunder with respect to Awards granted under the Plan prior to the date of such termination.
19. Conditions Upon Issuance of Shares.
(a) Legal Compliance. Shares will not be issued pursuant to the exercise of an Award unless the exercise of such Award and the issuance and delivery of such Shares will comply with Applicable Laws and will be further subject to the approval of counsel for the Company with respect to such compliance.
(b) Investment Representations. As a condition to the exercise of an Award, the Company may require the person exercising such Award to represent and warrant at the time of any such exercise that the Shares are being purchased only for investment and without any present intention to sell or distribute such Shares if, in the opinion of counsel for the Company, such a representation is required.
20. Inability to Obtain Authority. The inability of the Company to obtain authority from any regulatory body having jurisdiction, which authority is deemed by the Company’s counsel to be necessary to the lawful issuance and sale of any Shares hereunder, will relieve the Company of any liability in respect of the failure to issue or sell such Shares as to which such requisite authority will not have been obtained.
21. Stockholder Approval. The Plan will be subject to approval by the stockholders of the Company within twelve (12) months after the date the Plan is adopted by the Board. Such stockholder approval will be obtained in the manner and to the degree required under Applicable Laws.
22. Information to Participants. Beginning on the earlier of (i) the date that the aggregate number of Participants under this Plan is five hundred (500) or more and the Company is relying on the exemption provided by Rule 12h-1(f)(1) under the Exchange Act and (ii) the date that the Company is required to deliver information to Participants pursuant to Rule 701 under the Securities Act, and until such time as the Company becomes subject to the reporting requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, is no longer relying on the exemption provided by Rule 12h-1(f)(1) under the Exchange Act or is no longer required to deliver information to Participants pursuant to Rule 701 under the Securities Act, the Company shall provide to each Participant the information described in paragraphs (e)(3), (4), and (5) of Rule 701 under the Securities Act not less frequently than every six (6) months with the financial statements being not more than 180 days old and with such information provided either by physical or electronic delivery to the Participants or by written notice to the Participants of the availability of the information on an Internet site that may be password-protected and of any password needed to access the information. The Company may request that Participants agree to keep the
information to be provided pursuant to this section confidential. If a Participant does not agree to keep the information to be provided pursuant to this section confidential, then the Company will not be required to provide the information unless otherwise required pursuant to Rule 12h-1(f)(1) under the Exchange Act or Rule 701 of the Securities Act.
DOXIMITY, INC.
2010 EQUITY INCENTIVE PLAN
STOCK OPTION AGREEMENT
Unless otherwise defined herein, the terms defined in the 2010 Equity Incentive Plan (the “Plan”) shall have the same defined meanings in this Stock Option Agreement (the “Option Agreement”).
I. NOTICE OF STOCK OPTION GRANT
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Name
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«Name»
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Address:
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«Address»
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«City_State_Zip»
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The undersigned Participant has been granted an Option to purchase Common Stock of the Company, subject to the terms and conditions of the Plan and this Option Agreement, as follows:
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Date of Grant:
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«Grant_Date»
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Vesting Commencement Date:
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«Vest_Date»
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Exercise Price per Share:
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$ «Price_Per_Share»
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Total Number of Shares Granted:
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«Shares»
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Total Exercise Price:
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$ «Total_Price»
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Type of Option:
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«ISO»
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Incentive Stock Option
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«NSO»
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Nonstatutory Stock Option
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Term/Expiration Date:
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«Expire_Date»
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Vesting Schedule:
This Option shall be exercisable, in whole or in part, according to the following vesting schedule:
[Twenty-five percent (25%) of the Shares subject to the Option shall vest on the one (1) year anniversary of the Vesting Commencement Date, and one forty-eighth (1/48th) of the Shares subject to the Option shall vest each month thereafter on the same day of the month as the Vesting Commencement Date (and if there is no corresponding day, on the last day of the month), subject to Participant continuing to be a Service Provider through each such date.]
Termination Period:
This Option shall be exercisable for three (3) months after Participant ceases to be a Service Provider, unless such termination is due to Participant’s death or Disability, in which case this Option shall be exercisable for twelve (12) months after Participant ceases to be a Service Provider. Notwithstanding the foregoing sentence, in no event may this Option be exercised after the Term/Expiration Date as provided above and this Option may be subject to earlier termination as provided in Section 13 of the Plan.
II. AGREEMENT
1. Grant of Option. The Administrator of the Company hereby grants to the Participant named in the Notice of Stock Option Grant in Part I of this Agreement (“Participant”), an option (the “Option”) to purchase the number of Shares set forth in the Notice of Stock Option Grant, at the exercise price per Share set forth in the Notice of Stock Option Grant (the “Exercise Price”), and subject to the terms and conditions of the Plan, which is incorporated herein by reference. Subject to Section 18 of the Plan, in the event of a conflict between the terms and conditions of the Plan and this Option Agreement, the terms and conditions of the Plan shall prevail.
If designated in the Notice of Stock Option Grant as an Incentive Stock Option (“ISO”), this Option is intended to qualify as an Incentive Stock Option as defined in Section 422 of the Code. Nevertheless, to the extent that it exceeds the $100,000 rule of Code Section 422(d), this Option shall be treated as a Nonstatutory Stock Option (“NSO”). Further, if for any reason this Option (or portion thereof) shall not qualify as an ISO, then, to the extent of such nonqualification, such Option (or portion thereof) shall be regarded as a NSO granted under the Plan. In no event shall the Administrator, the Company or any Parent or Subsidiary or any of their respective employees or directors have any liability to Participant (or any other person) due to the failure of the Option to qualify for any reason as an ISO.
2. Exercise of Option.
(a) Right to Exercise. This Option shall be exercisable during its term in accordance with the Vesting Schedule set out in the Notice of Stock Option Grant and with the applicable provisions of the Plan and this Option Agreement.
(b) Method of Exercise. This Option shall be exercisable by delivery of an exercise notice in the form attached as Exhibit A (the “Exercise Notice”) or in a manner and pursuant to such procedures as the Administrator may determine, which shall state the election to exercise the Option, the number of Shares with respect to which the Option is being exercised (the “Exercised Shares”), and such other representations and agreements as may be required by the Company. The Exercise Notice shall be accompanied by payment of the aggregate Exercise Price as to all Exercised Shares, together with any applicable tax withholding. This Option shall be deemed to be exercised upon receipt by the Company of such fully executed Exercise Notice accompanied by the aggregate Exercise Price, together with any applicable tax withholding.
No Shares shall be issued pursuant to the exercise of an Option unless such issuance and such exercise comply with Applicable Laws. Assuming such compliance, for income tax purposes the Shares shall be considered transferred to Participant on the date on which the Option is exercised with respect to such Shares.
3. Participant’s Representations. In the event the Shares have not been registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), at the time this Option is exercised, Participant shall, if required by the Company, concurrently with the exercise of all or any portion of this Option, deliver to the Company his or her Investment Representation Statement in the form attached hereto as Exhibit B.
4. Lock-Up Period. Participant hereby agrees that Participant shall not offer, pledge, sell, contract to sell, sell any option or contract to purchase, purchase any option or contract to sell, grant any option, right or warrant to purchase, lend, or otherwise transfer or dispose of, directly or indirectly, any Common Stock (or other securities) of the Company or enter into any swap, hedging or other arrangement
that transfers to another, in whole or in part, any of the economic consequences of ownership of any Common Stock (or other securities) of the Company held by Participant (other than those included in the registration) for a period specified by the representative of the underwriters of Common Stock (or other securities) of the Company not to exceed one hundred and eighty (180) days following the effective date of any registration statement of the Company filed under the Securities Act (or such other period as may be requested by the Company or the underwriters to accommodate regulatory restrictions on (i) the publication or other distribution of research reports and (ii) analyst recommendations and opinions, including, but not limited to, the restrictions contained in NASD Rule 2711(f)(4) or NYSE Rule 472(f)(4), or any successor provisions or amendments thereto).
Participant agrees to execute and deliver such other agreements as may be reasonably requested by the Company or the underwriter which are consistent with the foregoing or which are necessary to give further effect thereto. In addition, if requested by the Company or the representative of the underwriters of Common Stock (or other securities) of the Company, Participant shall provide, within ten (10) days of such request, such information as may be required by the Company or such representative in connection with the completion of any public offering of the Company’s securities pursuant to a registration statement filed under the Securities Act. The obligations described in this Section 4 shall not apply to a registration relating solely to employee benefit plans on Form S-1 or Form S-8 or similar forms that may be promulgated in the future, or a registration relating solely to a Commission Rule 145 transaction on Form S-4 or similar forms that may be promulgated in the future. The Company may impose stop-transfer instructions with respect to the shares of Common Stock (or other securities) subject to the foregoing restriction until the end of said one hundred and eighty (180) day (or other) period. Participant agrees that any transferee of the Option or shares acquired pursuant to the Option shall be bound by this Section 4.
5. Method of Payment. Payment of the aggregate Exercise Price shall be by any of the following, or a combination thereof, at the election of the Participant:
(a) cash;
(b) check;
(c) consideration received by the Company under a formal cashless exercise program adopted by the Company in connection with the Plan; or
(d) surrender of other Shares which (i) shall be valued at its Fair Market Value on the date of exercise, and (ii) must be owned free and clear of any liens, claims, encumbrances or security interests, if accepting such Shares, in the sole discretion of the Administrator, shall not result in any adverse accounting consequences to the Company.
6. Restrictions on Exercise. This Option may not be exercised until such time as the Plan has been approved by the stockholders of the Company, or if the issuance of such Shares upon such exercise or the method of payment of consideration for such shares would constitute a violation of any Applicable Law.
7. Non-Transferability of Option.
(a) This Option may not be transferred in any manner otherwise than by will or by the laws of descent or distribution and may be exercised during the lifetime of Participant only by
Participant. The terms of the Plan and this Option Agreement shall be binding upon the executors, administrators, heirs, successors and assigns of Participant.
(b) Further, until the Company becomes subject to the reporting requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, or after the Administrator determines that it is, will, or may no longer be relying upon the exemption from registration of Options under the Exchange Act as set forth in Rule 12h-1(f) promulgated under the Exchange Act (the “Reliance End Date”), Participant shall not transfer this Option or, prior to exercise, the Shares subject to this Option, in any manner other than (i) to persons who are “family members” (as defined in Rule 701(c)(3) of the Securities Act) through gifts or domestic relations orders, or (ii) to an executor or guardian of Participant upon the death or disability of Participant. Until the Reliance End Date, the Options and, prior to exercise, the Shares subject to this Option, may not be pledged, hypothecated or otherwise transferred or disposed of, including by entering into any short position, any “put equivalent position” or any “call equivalent position” (as defined in Rule 16a-1(h) and Rule 16a-1(b) of the Exchange Act, respectively), other than as permitted in clauses (i) and (ii) of this paragraph.
8. Term of Option. This Option may be exercised only within the term set out in the Notice of Stock Option Grant, and may be exercised during such term only in accordance with the Plan and the terms of this Option Agreement.
9. Tax Obligations.
(a) Tax Withholding. Participant agrees to make appropriate arrangements with the Company (or the Parent or Subsidiary employing or retaining Participant) for the satisfaction of all Federal, state, local and foreign income and employment tax withholding requirements applicable to the Option exercise. Participant acknowledges and agrees that the Company may refuse to honor the exercise and refuse to deliver the Shares if such withholding amounts are not delivered at the time of exercise.
(b) Notice of Disqualifying Disposition of ISO Shares. If the Option granted to Participant herein is an ISO, and if Participant sells or otherwise disposes of any of the Shares acquired pursuant to the ISO on or before the later of (i) the date two (2) years after the Date of Grant, or (ii) the date one (1) year after the date of exercise, Participant shall immediately notify the Company in writing of such disposition. Participant agrees that Participant may be subject to income tax withholding by the Company on the compensation income recognized by Participant.
(c) Code Section 409A. Under Code Section 409A, an Option that vests after December 31, 2004 (or that vested on or prior to such date but which was materially modified after October 3, 2004) that was granted with a per Share exercise price that is determined by the Internal Revenue Service (the “IRS”) to be less than the Fair Market Value of a Share on the date of grant (a “discount option”) may be considered “deferred compensation.” An Option that is a “discount option” may result in (i) income recognition by Participant prior to the exercise of the Option, (ii) an additional twenty percent (20%) federal income tax, and (iii) potential penalty and interest charges. The “discount option” may also result in additional state income, penalty and interest tax to the Participant. Participant acknowledges that the Company cannot and has not guaranteed that the IRS will agree that the per Share exercise price of this Option equals or exceeds the Fair Market Value of a Share on the date of grant in a later examination. Participant agrees that if the IRS determines that the Option was granted with a per Share exercise price that was less than the Fair Market Value of a Share on the date of grant, Participant shall be solely responsible for Participant’s costs related to such a determination.
10. Entire Agreement; Governing Law. The Plan is incorporated herein by reference. The Plan and this Option Agreement constitute the entire agreement of the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof and supersede in their entirety all prior undertakings and agreements of the Company and Participant with respect to the subject matter hereof, and may not be modified adversely to the Participant’s interest except by means of a writing signed by the Company and Participant. This Option Agreement is governed by the internal substantive laws but not the choice of law rules of California.
11. No Guarantee of Continued Service. PARTICIPANT ACKNOWLEDGES AND AGREES THAT THE VESTING OF SHARES PURSUANT TO THE VESTING SCHEDULE HEREOF IS EARNED ONLY BY CONTINUING AS A SERVICE PROVIDER AT THE WILL OF THE COMPANY (OR THE PARENT OR SUBSIDIARY EMPLOYING OR RETAINING PARTICIPANT) AND NOT THROUGH THE ACT OF BEING HIRED, BEING GRANTED THIS OPTION OR ACQUIRING SHARES HEREUNDER. PARTICIPANT FURTHER ACKNOWLEDGES AND AGREES THAT THIS AGREEMENT, THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREUNDER AND THE VESTING SCHEDULE SET FORTH HEREIN DO NOT CONSTITUTE AN EXPRESS OR IMPLIED PROMISE OF CONTINUED ENGAGEMENT AS A SERVICE PROVIDER FOR THE VESTING PERIOD, FOR ANY PERIOD, OR AT ALL, AND SHALL NOT INTERFERE IN ANY WAY WITH PARTICIPANT’S RIGHT OR THE RIGHT OF THE COMPANY (OR THE PARENT OR SUBSIDIARY EMPLOYING OR RETAINING PARTICIPANT) TO TERMINATE PARTICIPANT’S RELATIONSHIP AS A SERVICE PROVIDER AT ANY TIME, WITH OR WITHOUT CAUSE.
Participant acknowledges receipt of a copy of the Plan and represents that he or she is familiar with the terms and provisions thereof, and hereby accepts this Option subject to all of the terms and provisions thereof. Participant has reviewed the Plan and this Option in their entirety, has had an opportunity to obtain the advice of counsel prior to executing this Option and fully understands all provisions of the Option. Participant hereby agrees to accept as binding, conclusive and final all decisions or interpretations of the Administrator upon any questions arising under the Plan or this Option. Participant further agrees to notify the Company upon any change in the residence address indicated below.
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PARTICIPANT
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DOXIMITY, INC.
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Signature
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By
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Print Name
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Print Name
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Title
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Residence Address
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EXHIBIT A
2010 EQUITY INCENTIVE PLAN
EXERCISE NOTICE
Doximity, Inc.
218 Commons Lane
Foster City, CA 94404
Attention: President
1. Exercise of Option. Effective as of today, ________________, ____, the undersigned (“Participant”) hereby elects to exercise Participant’s option (the “Option”) to purchase ________________ shares of the Common Stock (the “Shares”) of Doximity, Inc. (the “Company”) under and pursuant to the 2010 Equity Incentive Plan (the “Plan”) and the Stock Option Agreement dated ______________, _____ (the “Option Agreement”).
2. Delivery of Payment. Participant herewith delivers to the Company the full purchase price of the Shares, as set forth in the Option Agreement, and any and all withholding taxes due in connection with the exercise of the Option.
3. Representations of Participant. Participant acknowledges that Participant has received, read and understood the Plan and the Option Agreement and agrees to abide by and be bound by their terms and conditions.
4. Rights as Stockholder. Until the issuance of the Shares (as evidenced by the appropriate entry on the books of the Company or of a duly authorized transfer agent of the Company), no right to vote or receive dividends or any other rights as a stockholder shall exist with respect to the Common Stock subject to an Award, notwithstanding the exercise of the Option. The Shares shall be issued to Participant as soon as practicable after the Option is exercised in accordance with the Option Agreement. No adjustment shall be made for a dividend or other right for which the record date is prior to the date of issuance except as provided in Section 13 of the Plan.
5. Company’s Right of First Refusal. Before any Shares held by Participant or any transferee (either being sometimes referred to herein as the “Holder”) may be sold or otherwise transferred (including transfer by gift or operation of law), the Company or its assignee(s) shall have a right of first refusal to purchase the Shares on the terms and conditions set forth in this Section 5 (the “Right of First Refusal”).
(a) Notice of Proposed Transfer. The Holder of the Shares shall deliver to the Company a written notice (the “Notice”) stating: (i) the Holder’s bona fide intention to sell or otherwise transfer such Shares; (ii) the name of each proposed purchaser or other transferee (“Proposed Transferee”); (iii) the number of Shares to be transferred to each Proposed Transferee; and (iv) the bona fide cash price or other consideration for which the Holder proposes to transfer the Shares (the “Offered Price”), and the Holder shall offer the Shares at the Offered Price to the Company or its assignee(s).
(b) Exercise of Right of First Refusal. At any time within thirty (30) days after receipt of the Notice, the Company and/or its assignee(s) may, by giving written notice to the Holder,
elect to purchase all, but not less than all, of the Shares proposed to be transferred to any one or more of the Proposed Transferees, at the purchase price determined in accordance with subsection (c) below.
(c) Purchase Price. The purchase price (“Purchase Price”) for the Shares purchased by the Company or its assignee(s) under this Section 5 shall be the Offered Price. If the Offered Price includes consideration other than cash, the cash equivalent value of the non-cash consideration shall be determined by the Board of Directors of the Company in good faith.
(d) Payment. Payment of the Purchase Price shall be made, at the option of the Company or its assignee(s), in cash (by check), by cancellation of all or a portion of any outstanding indebtedness of the Holder to the Company (or, in the case of repurchase by an assignee, to the assignee), or by any combination thereof within thirty (30) days after receipt of the Notice or in the manner and at the times set forth in the Notice.
(e) Holder’s Right to Transfer. If all of the Shares proposed in the Notice to be transferred to a given Proposed Transferee are not purchased by the Company and/or its assignee(s) as provided in this Section 5, then the Holder may sell or otherwise transfer such Shares to that Proposed Transferee at the Offered Price or at a higher price, provided that such sale or other transfer is consummated within one hundred and twenty (120) days after the date of the Notice, that any such sale or other transfer is effected in accordance with any applicable securities laws and that the Proposed Transferee agrees in writing that the provisions of this Section 5 shall continue to apply to the Shares in the hands of such Proposed Transferee. If the Shares described in the Notice are not transferred to the Proposed Transferee within such period, a new Notice shall be given to the Company, and the Company and/or its assignees shall again be offered the Right of First Refusal before any Shares held by the Holder may be sold or otherwise transferred.
(f) Exception for Certain Family Transfers. Anything to the contrary contained in this Section 5 notwithstanding, the transfer of any or all of the Shares during the Participant’s lifetime or on the Participant’s death by will or intestacy to the Participant’s immediate family or a trust for the benefit of the Participant’s immediate family shall be exempt from the provisions of this Section 5. “Immediate Family” as used herein shall mean spouse, lineal descendant or antecedent, father, mother, brother or sister. In such case, the transferee or other recipient shall receive and hold the Shares so transferred subject to the provisions of this Section 5, and there shall be no further transfer of such Shares except in accordance with the terms of this Section 5.
(g) Termination of Right of First Refusal. The Right of First Refusal shall terminate as to any Shares upon the earlier of (i) the first sale of Common Stock of the Company to the general public, or (ii) a Change in Control in which the successor corporation has equity securities that are publicly traded.
6. Tax Consultation. Participant understands that Participant may suffer adverse tax consequences as a result of Participant’s purchase or disposition of the Shares. Participant represents that Participant has consulted with any tax consultants Participant deems advisable in connection with the purchase or disposition of the Shares and that Participant is not relying on the Company for any tax advice.
7. Restrictive Legends and Stop-Transfer Orders.
(a) Legends. Participant understands and agrees that the Company shall cause the legends set forth below or legends substantially equivalent thereto, to be placed upon any certificate(s)
evidencing ownership of the Shares together with any other legends that may be required by the Company or by state or federal securities laws:
THE SECURITIES REPRESENTED HEREBY HAVE NOT BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933 (THE “ACT”) AND MAY NOT BE OFFERED, SOLD OR OTHERWISE TRANSFERRED, PLEDGED OR HYPOTHECATED UNLESS AND UNTIL REGISTERED UNDER THE ACT OR, IN THE OPINION OF COUNSEL SATISFACTORY TO THE ISSUER OF THESE SECURITIES, SUCH OFFER, SALE OR TRANSFER, PLEDGE OR HYPOTHECATION IS IN COMPLIANCE THEREWITH.
THE SHARES REPRESENTED BY THIS CERTIFICATE ARE SUBJECT TO CERTAIN RESTRICTIONS ON TRANSFER AND A RIGHT OF FIRST REFUSAL HELD BY THE ISSUER OR ITS ASSIGNEE(S) AS SET FORTH IN THE EXERCISE NOTICE BETWEEN THE ISSUER AND THE ORIGINAL HOLDER OF THESE SHARES, A COPY OF WHICH MAY BE OBTAINED AT THE PRINCIPAL OFFICE OF THE ISSUER. SUCH TRANSFER RESTRICTIONS AND RIGHT OF FIRST REFUSAL ARE BINDING ON TRANSFEREES OF THESE SHARES.
THE SHARES REPRESENTED BY THIS CERTIFICATE ARE SUBJECT TO RESTRICTIONS ON TRANSFER FOR A PERIOD OF TIME FOLLOWING THE EFFECTIVE DATE OF THE UNDERWRITTEN PUBLIC OFFERING OF THE COMPANY’S SECURITIES SET FORTH IN AN AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE ISSUER AND THE ORIGINAL HOLDER OF THESE SHARES AND MAY NOT BE SOLD OR OTHERWISE DISPOSED OF BY THE HOLDER PRIOR TO THE EXPIRATION OF SUCH PERIOD WITHOUT THE CONSENT OF THE COMPANY OR THE MANAGING UNDERWRITER.
(b) Stop-Transfer Notices. Participant agrees that, in order to ensure compliance with the restrictions referred to herein, the Company may issue appropriate “stop transfer” instructions to its transfer agent, if any, and that, if the Company transfers its own securities, it may make appropriate notations to the same effect in its own records.
(c) Refusal to Transfer. The Company shall not be required (i) to transfer on its books any Shares that have been sold or otherwise transferred in violation of any of the provisions of this Exercise Notice or (ii) to treat as owner of such Shares or to accord the right to vote or pay dividends to any purchaser or other transferee to whom such Shares shall have been so transferred.
8. Successors and Assigns. The Company may assign any of its rights under this Exercise Notice to single or multiple assignees, and this Exercise Notice shall inure to the benefit of the successors and assigns of the Company. Subject to the restrictions on transfer herein set forth, this Exercise Notice shall be binding upon Participant and his or her heirs, executors, administrators, successors and assigns.
9. Interpretation. Any dispute regarding the interpretation of this Exercise Notice shall be submitted by Participant or by the Company forthwith to the Administrator, which shall review such dispute at its next regular meeting. The resolution of such a dispute by the Administrator shall be final and binding on all parties.
10. Governing Law; Severability. This Exercise Notice is governed by the internal substantive laws, but not the choice of law rules, of California. In the event that any provision hereof
becomes or is declared by a court of competent jurisdiction to be illegal, unenforceable or void, this Exercise Notice shall continue in full force and effect.
11. Entire Agreement. The Plan and Option Agreement are incorporated herein by reference. This Exercise Notice, the Plan, the Option Agreement and the Investment Representation Statement constitute the entire agreement of the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof and supersede in their entirety all prior undertakings and agreements of the Company and Participant with respect to the subject matter hereof, and may not be modified adversely to the Participant’s interest except by means of a writing signed by the Company and Participant.
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Submitted by:
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Accepted by:
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PARTICIPANT
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DOXIMITY, INC.
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Signature
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By
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Print Name
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Print Name
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Title
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Address:
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Address:
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218 Common Lane
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Foster City, CA 94404
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Date Received
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EXHIBIT B
INVESTMENT REPRESENTATION STATEMENT
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PARTICIPANT
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«Name»
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COMPANY
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DOXIMITY, INC.
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SECURITY
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COMMON STOCK
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AMOUNT
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«Shares»
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DATE
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In connection with the purchase of the above-listed Securities, the undersigned Participant represents to the Company the following:
(a) Participant is aware of the Company’s business affairs and financial condition and has acquired sufficient information about the Company to reach an informed and knowledgeable decision to acquire the Securities. Participant is acquiring these Securities for investment for Participant’s own account only and not with a view to, or for resale in connection with, any “distribution” thereof within the meaning of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”).
(b) Participant acknowledges and understands that the Securities constitute “restricted securities” under the Securities Act and have not been registered under the Securities Act in reliance upon a specific exemption therefrom, which exemption depends upon, among other things, the bona fide nature of Participant’s investment intent as expressed herein. In this connection, Participant understands that, in the view of the Securities and Exchange Commission, the statutory basis for such exemption may be unavailable if Participant’s representation was predicated solely upon a present intention to hold these Securities for the minimum capital gains period specified under tax statutes, for a deferred sale, for or until an increase or decrease in the market price of the Securities, or for a period of one (1) year or any other fixed period in the future. Participant further understands that the Securities must be held indefinitely unless they are subsequently registered under the Securities Act or an exemption from such registration is available. Participant further acknowledges and understands that the Company is under no obligation to register the Securities. Participant understands that the certificate evidencing the Securities shall be imprinted with any legend required under applicable state securities laws.
(c) Participant is familiar with the provisions of Rule 701 and Rule 144, each promulgated under the Securities Act, which, in substance, permit limited public resale of “restricted securities” acquired, directly or indirectly from the issuer thereof, in a non-public offering subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions. Rule 701 provides that if the issuer qualifies under Rule 701 at the time of the grant of the Option to Participant, the exercise shall be exempt from registration under the Securities Act. In the event the Company becomes subject to the reporting requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, ninety (90) days thereafter (or such longer period as any market stand-off agreement may require) the Securities exempt under Rule 701 may be resold, subject to the satisfaction of the applicable conditions specified by Rule 144, including in the case of affiliates (1) the availability of certain public information about the Company, (2) the amount of Securities being sold during any three (3) month period not exceeding specified limitations, (3) the resale being made in an
unsolicited “broker’s transaction”, transactions directly with a “market maker” or “riskless principal transactions” (as those terms are defined under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) and (4) the timely filing of a Form 144, if applicable.
In the event that the Company does not qualify under Rule 701 at the time of grant of the Option, then the Securities may be resold in certain limited circumstances subject to the provisions of Rule 144, which may require (i) the availability of current public information about the Company; (ii) the resale to occur more than a specified period after the purchase and full payment (within the meaning of Rule 144) for the Securities; and (iii) in the case of the sale of Securities by an affiliate, the satisfaction of the conditions set forth in sections (2), (3) and (4) of the paragraph immediately above.
(d) Participant further understands that in the event all of the applicable requirements of Rule 701 or 144 are not satisfied, registration under the Securities Act, compliance with Regulation A, or some other registration exemption shall be required; and that, notwithstanding the fact that Rules 144 and 701 are not exclusive, the Staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission has expressed its opinion that persons proposing to sell private placement securities other than in a registered offering and otherwise than pursuant to Rules 144 or 701 shall have a substantial burden of proof in establishing that an exemption from registration is available for such offers or sales, and that such persons and their respective brokers who participate in such transactions do so at their own risk. Participant understands that no assurances can be given that any such other registration exemption shall be available in such event.
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PARTICIPANT
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Signature
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Date
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DOXIMITY, INC.
2010 EQUITY INCENTIVE PLAN
STOCK OPTION AGREEMENT — EARLY EXERCISE
Unless otherwise defined herein, the terms defined in the 2010 Equity Incentive Plan (the “Plan”) shall have the same defined meanings in this Stock Option Agreement – Early Exercise (the “Option Agreement”).
I. NOTICE OF STOCK OPTION GRANT
Name:
Address:
The undersigned Participant has been granted an Option to purchase Common Stock of the Company, subject to the terms and conditions of the Plan and this Option Agreement, as follows:
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Date of Grant:
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Vesting Commencement Date
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Exercise Price per Share:
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$
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Total Number of Shares Granted:
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Total Exercise Price:
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$
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Type of Option:
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Incentive Stock Option
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Nonstatutory Stock Option
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Term/Expiration Date:
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Vesting Schedule:
This Option shall be exercisable, in whole or in part, according to the following vesting schedule:
[Twenty-five percent (25%) of the Shares subject to the Option shall vest on the one (1) year anniversary of the Vesting Commencement Date, and one forty-eighth (1/48th) of the Shares subject to the Option shall vest each month thereafter on the same day of the month as the Vesting Commencement Date (and if there is no corresponding day, on the last day of the month), subject to Participant continuing to be a Service Provider through each such date.]
Termination Period:
This Option shall be exercisable for three (3) months after Participant ceases to be a Service Provider, unless such termination is due to Participant’s death or Disability, in which case this Option shall be exercisable for twelve (12) months after Participant ceases to be a Service Provider. Notwithstanding the foregoing sentence, in no event may this Option be exercised after the Term/Expiration Date as provided above and this Option may be subject to earlier termination as provided in Section 13 of the Plan.
II. AGREEMENT
1. Grant of Option. The Administrator of the Company hereby grants to the Participant named in the Notice of Stock Option Grant in Part I of this Agreement (“Participant”), an option (the “Option”) to purchase the number of Shares set forth in the Notice of Stock Option Grant, at the exercise price per Share set forth in the Notice of Stock Option Grant (the “Exercise Price”), and subject to the terms and conditions of the Plan, which is incorporated herein by reference. Subject to Section 18 of the Plan, in the event of a conflict between the terms and conditions of the Plan and this Option Agreement, the terms and conditions of the Plan shall prevail.
If designated in the Notice of Stock Option Grant as an Incentive Stock Option (“ISO”), this Option is intended to qualify as an Incentive Stock Option as defined in Section 422 of the Code. Nevertheless, to the extent that it exceeds the $100,000 rule of Code Section 422(d), this Option shall be treated as a Nonstatutory Stock Option (“NSO”). Further, if for any reason this Option (or portion thereof) shall not qualify as an ISO, then, to the extent of such nonqualification, such Option (or portion thereof) shall be regarded as a NSO granted under the Plan. In no event shall the Administrator, the Company or any Parent or Subsidiary or any of their respective employees or directors have any liability to Participant (or any other person) due to the failure of the Option to qualify for any reason as an ISO.
2. Exercise of Option. This Option shall be exercisable during its term in accordance with the provisions of Section 6 of the Plan as follows:
(a) Right to Exercise.
(i) Subject to subsections 2(a)(ii) and 2(a)(iii) below, this Option shall be exercisable cumulatively according to the vesting schedule set forth in the Notice of Stock Option Grant. Alternatively, at the election of Participant, this Option may be exercised in whole or in part at any time as to Shares that have not yet vested. Vested Shares shall not be subject to the Company’s repurchase right (as set forth in the Restricted Stock Purchase Agreement, attached hereto as Exhibit C-1).
(ii) As a condition to exercising this Option for unvested Shares, Participant shall execute the Restricted Stock Purchase Agreement.
(iii) This Option may not be exercised for a fraction of a Share.
(b) Method of Exercise. This Option shall be exercisable by delivery of an exercise notice in the form attached as Exhibit A (the “Exercise Notice”) or in a manner and pursuant to such procedures as the Administrator may determine, which shall state the election to exercise the Option, the number of Shares with respect to which the Option is being exercised (the “Exercised Shares”), and such other representations and agreements as may be required by the Company. The Exercise Notice shall be accompanied by payment of the aggregate Exercise Price as to all Exercised Shares, together with any
applicable tax withholding. This Option shall be deemed to be exercised upon receipt by the Company of such fully executed Exercise Notice accompanied by the aggregate Exercise Price, together with any applicable tax withholding.
No Shares shall be issued pursuant to the exercise of an Option unless such issuance and such exercise comply with Applicable Laws. Assuming such compliance, for income tax purposes the Shares shall be considered transferred to Participant on the date on which the Option is exercised with respect to such Shares.
3. Participant’s Representations. In the event the Shares have not been registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), at the time this Option is exercised, Participant shall, if required by the Company, concurrently with the exercise of all or any portion of this Option, deliver to the Company his or her Investment Representation Statement in the form attached hereto as Exhibit B.
4. Lock-Up Period. Participant hereby agrees that Participant shall not offer, pledge, sell, contract to sell, sell any option or contract to purchase, purchase any option or contract to sell, grant any option, right or warrant to purchase, lend, or otherwise transfer or dispose of, directly or indirectly, any Common Stock (or other securities) of the Company or enter into any swap, hedging or other arrangement that transfers to another, in whole or in part, any of the economic consequences of ownership of any Common Stock (or other securities) of the Company held by Participant (other than those included in the registration) for a period specified by the representative of the underwriters of Common Stock (or other securities) of the Company not to exceed one hundred and eighty (180) days following the effective date of any registration statement of the Company filed under the Securities Act (or such other period as may be requested by the Company or the underwriters to accommodate regulatory restrictions on (i) the publication or other distribution of research reports and (ii) analyst recommendations and opinions, including, but not limited to, the restrictions contained in NASD Rule 2711(f)(4) or NYSE Rule 472(f)(4), or any successor provisions or amendments thereto).
Participant agrees to execute and deliver such other agreements as may be reasonably requested by the Company or the underwriter which are consistent with the foregoing or which are necessary to give further effect thereto. In addition, if requested by the Company or the representative of the underwriters of Common Stock (or other securities) of the Company, Participant shall provide, within ten (10) days of such request, such information as may be required by the Company or such representative in connection with the completion of any public offering of the Company’s securities pursuant to a registration statement filed under the Securities Act. The obligations described in this Section 4 shall not apply to a registration relating solely to employee benefit plans on Form S-1 or Form S-8 or similar forms that may be promulgated in the future, or a registration relating solely to a Commission Rule 145 transaction on Form S-4 or similar forms that may be promulgated in the future. The Company may impose stop-transfer instructions with respect to the shares of Common Stock (or other securities) subject to the foregoing restriction until the end of said one hundred and eighty (180) day (or other) period. Participant agrees that any transferee of the Option or shares acquired pursuant to the Option shall be bound by this Section 4.
5. Method of Payment. Payment of the aggregate Exercise Price shall be by any of the following, or a combination thereof, at the election of the Participant:
(a) cash;
(b) check;
(c) consideration received by the Company under a formal cashless exercise program adopted by the Company in connection with the Plan; or
(d) surrender of other Shares which (i) shall be valued at its Fair Market Value on the date of exercise, and (ii) must be owned free and clear of any liens, claims, encumbrances or security interests, if accepting such Shares, in the sole discretion of the Administrator, shall not result in any adverse accounting consequences to the Company.
6. Restrictions on Exercise. This Option may not be exercised until such time as the Plan has been approved by the stockholders of the Company, or if the issuance of such Shares upon such exercise or the method of payment of consideration for such shares would constitute a violation of any Applicable Law.
7. Non-Transferability of Option.
(a) This Option may not be transferred in any manner otherwise than by will or by the laws of descent or distribution and may be exercised during the lifetime of Participant only by Participant. The terms of the Plan and this Option Agreement shall be binding upon the executors, administrators, heirs, successors and assigns of Participant.
(b) Further, until the Company becomes subject to the reporting requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, or after the Administrator determines that it is, will, or may no longer be relying upon the exemption from registration of Options under the Exchange Act as set forth in Rule 12h-1(f) promulgated under the Exchange Act (the “Reliance End Date”), Participant shall not transfer this Option or, prior to exercise, the Shares subject to this Option, in any manner other than (i) to persons who are “family members” (as defined in Rule 701(c)(3) of the Securities Act) through gifts or domestic relations orders, or (ii) to an executor or guardian of Participant upon the death or disability of Participant. Until the Reliance End Date, the Options and, prior to exercise, the Shares subject to this Option, may not be pledged, hypothecated or otherwise transferred or disposed of, including by entering into any short position, any “put equivalent position” or any “call equivalent position” (as defined in Rule 16a-1(h) and Rule 16a-1(b) of the Exchange Act, respectively), other than as permitted in clauses (i) and (ii) of this paragraph.
8. Term of Option. This Option may be exercised only within the term set out in the Notice of Stock Option Grant, and may be exercised during such term only in accordance with the Plan and the terms of this Option Agreement.
9. Tax Obligations.
(a) Tax Withholding. Participant agrees to make appropriate arrangements with the Company (or the Parent or Subsidiary employing or retaining Participant) for the satisfaction of all Federal, state, local and foreign income and employment tax withholding requirements applicable to the Option exercise. Participant acknowledges and agrees that the Company may refuse to honor the exercise and refuse to deliver the Shares if such withholding amounts are not delivered at the time of exercise.
(b) Notice of Disqualifying Disposition of ISO Shares. If the Option granted to Participant herein is an ISO, and if Participant sells or otherwise disposes of any of the Shares acquired pursuant to the ISO on or before the later of (i) the date two (2) years after the Date of Grant, or (ii) the
date one (1) year after the date of exercise, Participant shall immediately notify the Company in writing of such disposition. Participant agrees that Participant may be subject to income tax withholding by the Company on the compensation income recognized by Participant.
(c) Code Section 409 A. Under Code Section 409A, an Option that vests after December 31, 2004 (or that vested on or prior to such date but which was materially modified after October 3, 2004) that was granted with a per Share exercise price that is determined by the Internal Revenue Service (the “IRS”) to be less than the Fair Market Value of a Share on the date of grant (a “discount option”) may be considered “deferred compensation.” An Option that is a “discount option” may result in (i) income recognition by Participant prior to the exercise of the Option, (ii) an additional twenty percent (20%) federal income tax, and (iii) potential penalty and interest charges. The “discount option” may also result in additional state income, penalty and interest tax to the Participant. Participant acknowledges that the Company cannot and has not guaranteed that the IRS will agree that the per Share exercise price of this Option equals or exceeds the Fair Market Value of a Share on the date of grant in a later examination. Participant agrees that if the IRS determines that the Option was granted with a per Share exercise price that was less than the Fair Market Value of a Share on the date of grant, Participant shall be solely responsible for Participant’s costs related to such a determination.
10. Entire Agreement; Governing Law. The Plan is incorporated herein by reference. The Plan and this Option Agreement constitute the entire agreement of the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof and supersede in their entirety all prior undertakings and agreements of the Company and Participant with respect to the subject matter hereof, and may not be modified adversely to the Participant’s interest except by means of a writing signed by the Company and Participant. This Option Agreement is governed by the internal substantive laws but not the choice of law rules of California.
11. No Guarantee of Continued Service. PARTICIPANT ACKNOWLEDGES AND AGREES THAT THE VESTING OF SHARES PURSUANT TO THE VESTING SCHEDULE HEREOF IS EARNED ONLY BY CONTINUING AS A SERVICE PROVIDER AT THE WILL OF THE COMPANY (OR THE PARENT OR SUBSIDIARY EMPLOYING OR RETAINING PARTICIPANT) AND NOT THROUGH THE ACT OF BEING HIRED, BEING GRANTED THIS OPTION OR ACQUIRING SHARES HEREUNDER. PARTICIPANT FURTHER ACKNOWLEDGES AND AGREES THAT THIS AGREEMENT, THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREUNDER AND THE VESTING SCHEDULE SET FORTH HEREIN DO NOT CONSTITUTE AN EXPRESS OR IMPLIED PROMISE OF CONTINUED ENGAGEMENT AS A SERVICE PROVIDER FOR THE VESTING PERIOD, FOR ANY PERIOD, OR AT ALL, AND SHALL NOT INTERFERE IN ANY WAY WITH PARTICIPANT’S RIGHT OR THE RIGHT OF THE COMPANY (OR THE PARENT OR SUBSIDIARY EMPLOYING OR RETAINING PARTICIPANT) TO TERMINATE PARTICIPANT’S RELATIONSHIP AS A SERVICE PROVIDER AT ANY TIME, WITH OR WITHOUT CAUSE.
Participant acknowledges receipt of a copy of the Plan and represents that he or she is familiar with the terms and provisions thereof, and hereby accepts this Option subject to all of the terms and provisions thereof. Participant has reviewed the Plan and this Option in their entirety, has had an opportunity to obtain the advice of counsel prior to executing this Option and fully understands all provisions of the Option. Participant hereby agrees to accept as binding, conclusive and final all decisions or interpretations of the Administrator upon any questions arising under the Plan or this Option. Participant further agrees to notify the Company upon any change in the residence address indicated below.
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PARTICIPANT
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DOXIMITY, INC.
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EXHIBIT A
2010 EQUITY INCENTIVE PLAN
EXERCISE NOTICE
Doximity, Inc.
218 Commons Lane
Foster City, CA 94404
Attention: Secretary
1. Exercise of Option. Effective as of today, ________________, ____, the undersigned (“Participant”) hereby elects to exercise Participant’s option (the “Option”) to purchase ________________ shares of the Common Stock (the “Shares”) of Doximity, Inc. (the “Company”) under and pursuant to the 2010 Equity Incentive Plan (the “Plan”) and the Stock Option Agreement – Early Exercise dated ______________, _____ (the “Option Agreement”).
2. Delivery of Payment. Participant herewith delivers to the Company the full purchase price of the Shares, as set forth in the Option Agreement, and any and all withholding taxes due in connection with the exercise of the Option.
3. Representations of Participant. Participant acknowledges that Participant has received, read and understood the Plan and the Option Agreement and agrees to abide by and be bound by their terms and conditions.
4. Rights as Stockholder. Until the issuance of the Shares (as evidenced by the appropriate entry on the books of the Company or of a duly authorized transfer agent of the Company), no right to vote or receive dividends or any other rights as a stockholder shall exist with respect to the Common Stock subject to an Award, notwithstanding the exercise of the Option. The Shares shall be issued to Participant as soon as practicable after the Option is exercised in accordance with the Option Agreement. No adjustment shall be made for a dividend or other right for which the record date is prior to the date of issuance except as provided in Section 13 of the Plan.
5. Company’s Right of First Refusal. Before any Shares held by Participant or any transferee (either being sometimes referred to herein as the “Holder”) may be sold or otherwise transferred (including transfer by gift or operation of law), the Company or its assignee(s) shall have a right of first refusal to purchase the Shares on the terms and conditions set forth in this Section 5 (the “Right of First Refusal”).
(a) Notice of Proposed Transfer. The Holder of the Shares shall deliver to the Company a written notice (the “Notice”) stating: (i) the Holder’s bona fide intention to sell or otherwise transfer such Shares; (ii) the name of each proposed purchaser or other transferee (“Proposed Transferee”); (iii) the number of Shares to be transferred to each Proposed Transferee; and (iv) the bona fide cash price or other consideration for which the Holder proposes to transfer the Shares (the “Offered Price”), and the Holder shall offer the Shares at the Offered Price to the Company or its assignee(s).
(b) Exercise of Right of First Refusal. At any time within thirty (30) days after receipt of the Notice, the Company and/or its assignee(s) may, by giving written notice to the Holder,
elect to purchase all, but not less than all, of the Shares proposed to be transferred to any one or more of the Proposed Transferees, at the purchase price determined in accordance with subsection (c) below.
(c) Purchase Price. The purchase price (“Purchase Price”) for the Shares purchased by the Company or its assignee(s) under this Section 5 shall be the Offered Price. If the Offered Price includes consideration other than cash, the cash equivalent value of the non-cash consideration shall be determined by the Board of Directors of the Company in good faith.
(d) Payment. Payment of the Purchase Price shall be made, at the option of the Company or its assignee(s), in cash (by check), by cancellation of all or a portion of any outstanding indebtedness of the Holder to the Company (or, in the case of repurchase by an assignee, to the assignee), or by any combination thereof within thirty (30) days after receipt of the Notice or in the manner and at the times set forth in the Notice.
(e) Holder’s Right to Transfer. If all of the Shares proposed in the Notice to be transferred to a given Proposed Transferee are not purchased by the Company and/or its assignee(s) as provided in this Section 5, then the Holder may sell or otherwise transfer such Shares to that Proposed Transferee at the Offered Price or at a higher price, provided that such sale or other transfer is consummated within one hundred and twenty (120) days after the date of the Notice, that any such sale or other transfer is effected in accordance with any applicable securities laws and that the Proposed Transferee agrees in writing that the provisions of this Section 5 shall continue to apply to the Shares in the hands of such Proposed Transferee. If the Shares described in the Notice are not transferred to the Proposed Transferee within such period, a new Notice shall be given to the Company, and the Company and/or its assignees shall again be offered the Right of First Refusal before any Shares held by the Holder may be sold or otherwise transferred.
(f) Exception for Certain Family Transfers. Anything to the contrary contained in this Section 5 notwithstanding, the transfer of any or all of the Shares during the Participant’s lifetime or on the Participant’s death by will or intestacy to the Participant’s immediate family or a trust for the benefit of the Participant’s immediate family shall be exempt from the provisions of this Section 5. “Immediate Family” as used herein shall mean spouse, lineal descendant or antecedent, father, mother, brother or sister. In such case, the transferee or other recipient shall receive and hold the Shares so transferred subject to the provisions of this Section 5, and there shall be no further transfer of such Shares except in accordance with the terms of this Section 5.
(g) Termination of Right of First Refusal. The Right of First Refusal shall terminate as to any Shares upon the earlier of (i) the first sale of Common Stock of the Company to the general public, or (ii) a Change in Control in which the successor corporation has equity securities that are publicly traded.
6. Tax Consultation. Participant understands that Participant may suffer adverse tax consequences as a result of Participant’s purchase or disposition of the Shares. Participant represents that Participant has consulted with any tax consultants Participant deems advisable in connection with the purchase or disposition of the Shares and that Participant is not relying on the Company for any tax advice.
7. Restrictive Legends and Stop-Transfer Orders.
(a) Legends. Participant understands and agrees that the Company shall cause the legends set forth below or legends substantially equivalent thereto, to be placed upon any certificate(s)
evidencing ownership of the Shares together with any other legends that may be required by the Company or by state or federal securities laws:
THE SECURITIES REPRESENTED HEREBY HAVE NOT BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933 (THE “ACT”) AND MAY NOT BE OFFERED, SOLD OR OTHERWISE TRANSFERRED, PLEDGED OR HYPOTHECATED UNLESS AND UNTIL REGISTERED UNDER THE ACT OR, IN THE OPINION OF COUNSEL SATISFACTORY TO THE ISSUER OF THESE SECURITIES, SUCH OFFER, SALE OR TRANSFER, PLEDGE OR HYPOTHECATION IS IN COMPLIANCE THEREWITH.
THE SHARES REPRESENTED BY THIS CERTIFICATE ARE SUBJECT TO CERTAIN RESTRICTIONS ON TRANSFER AND A RIGHT OF FIRST REFUSAL HELD BY THE ISSUER OR ITS ASSIGNEE(S) AS SET FORTH IN THE EXERCISE NOTICE BETWEEN THE ISSUER AND THE ORIGINAL HOLDER OF THESE SHARES, A COPY OF WHICH MAY BE OBTAINED AT THE PRINCIPAL OFFICE OF THE ISSUER. SUCH TRANSFER RESTRICTIONS AND RIGHT OF FIRST REFUSAL ARE BINDING ON TRANSFEREES OF THESE SHARES.
THE SHARES REPRESENTED BY THIS CERTIFICATE ARE SUBJECT TO RESTRICTIONS ON TRANSFER FOR A PERIOD OF TIME FOLLOWING THE EFFECTIVE DATE OF THE UNDERWRITTEN PUBLIC OFFERING OF THE COMPANY’S SECURITIES SET FORTH IN AN AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE ISSUER AND THE ORIGINAL HOLDER OF THESE SHARES AND MAY NOT BE SOLD OR OTHERWISE DISPOSED OF BY THE HOLDER PRIOR TO THE EXPIRATION OF SUCH PERIOD WITHOUT THE CONSENT OF THE COMPANY OR THE MANAGING UNDERWRITER.
(b) Stop-Transfer Notices. Participant agrees that, in order to ensure compliance with the restrictions referred to herein, the Company may issue appropriate “stop transfer” instructions to its transfer agent, if any, and that, if the Company transfers its own securities, it may make appropriate notations to the same effect in its own records.
(c) Refusal to Transfer. The Company shall not be required (i) to transfer on its books any Shares that have been sold or otherwise transferred in violation of any of the provisions of this Exercise Notice or (ii) to treat as owner of such Shares or to accord the right to vote or pay dividends to any purchaser or other transferee to whom such Shares shall have been so transferred.
8. Successors and Assigns. The Company may assign any of its rights under this Exercise Notice to single or multiple assignees, and this Exercise Notice shall inure to the benefit of the successors and assigns of the Company. Subject to the restrictions on transfer herein set forth, this Exercise Notice shall be binding upon Participant and his or her heirs, executors, administrators, successors and assigns.
9. Interpretation. Any dispute regarding the interpretation of this Exercise Notice shall be submitted by Participant or by the Company forthwith to the Administrator, which shall review such dispute at its next regular meeting. The resolution of such a dispute by the Administrator shall be final and binding on all parties.
10. Governing Law; Severability. This Exercise Notice is governed by the internal substantive laws, but not the choice of law rules, of California. In the event that any provision hereof
becomes or is declared by a court of competent jurisdiction to be illegal, unenforceable or void, this Exercise Notice shall continue in full force and effect.
11. Entire Agreement. The Plan and Option Agreement are incorporated herein by reference. This Exercise Notice, the Plan, the Restricted Stock Purchase Agreement, the Option Agreement and the Investment Representation Statement constitute the entire agreement of the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof and supersede in their entirety all prior undertakings and agreements of the Company and Participant with respect to the subject matter hereof, and may not be modified adversely to the Participant’s interest except by means of a writing signed by the Company and Participant.
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Submitted by:
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Accepted by:
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PARTICIPANT
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DOXIMITY, INC.
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Address:
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218 Common Lane
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Foster City, CA 94404
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EXHIBIT B
INVESTMENT REPRESENTATION STATEMENT
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DOXIMITY, INC.
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In connection with the purchase of the above-listed Securities, the undersigned Participant represents to the Company the following:
(a) Participant is aware of the Company’s business affairs and financial condition and has acquired sufficient information about the Company to reach an informed and knowledgeable decision to acquire the Securities. Participant is acquiring these Securities for investment for Participant’s own account only and not with a view to, or for resale in connection with, any “distribution” thereof within the meaning of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”).
(b) Participant acknowledges and understands that the Securities constitute “restricted securities” under the Securities Act and have not been registered under the Securities Act in reliance upon a specific exemption therefrom, which exemption depends upon, among other things, the bona fide nature of Participant’s investment intent as expressed herein. In this connection, Participant understands that, in the view of the Securities and Exchange Commission, the statutory basis for such exemption may be unavailable if Participant’s representation was predicated solely upon a present intention to hold these Securities for the minimum capital gains period specified under tax statutes, for a deferred sale, for or until an increase or decrease in the market price of the Securities, or for a period of one (1) year or any other fixed period in the future. Participant further understands that the Securities must be held indefinitely unless they are subsequently registered under the Securities Act or an exemption from such registration is available. Participant further acknowledges and understands that the Company is under no obligation to register the Securities. Participant understands that the certificate evidencing the Securities shall be imprinted with any legend required under applicable state securities laws.
(c) Participant is familiar with the provisions of Rule 701 and Rule 144, each promulgated under the Securities Act, which, in substance, permit limited public resale of “restricted securities” acquired, directly or indirectly from the issuer thereof, in a non-public offering subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions. Rule 701 provides that if the issuer qualifies under Rule 701 at the time of the grant of the Option to Participant, the exercise shall be exempt from registration under the Securities Act. In the event the Company becomes subject to the reporting requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, ninety (90) days thereafter (or such longer period as any market stand-off agreement may require) the Securities exempt under Rule 701 may be resold, subject to the satisfaction of the applicable conditions specified by Rule 144, including in the case of affiliates (1) the availability of certain public information about the Company, (2) the amount of Securities being sold during any three (3) month period not exceeding specified limitations, (3) the resale being made in an unsolicited “broker’s transaction”, transactions directly with a “market maker” or “riskless principal
transactions” (as those terms are defined under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) and (4) the timely filing of a Form 144, if applicable.
In the event that the Company does not qualify under Rule 701 at the time of grant of the Option, then the Securities may be resold in certain limited circumstances subject to the provisions of Rule 144, which may require (i) the availability of current public information about the Company; (ii) the resale to occur more than a specified period after the purchase and full payment (within the meaning of Rule 144) for the Securities; and (iii) in the case of the sale of Securities by an affiliate, the satisfaction of the conditions set forth in sections (2), (3) and (4) of the paragraph immediately above.
(d) Participant further understands that in the event all of the applicable requirements of Rule 701 or 144 are not satisfied, registration under the Securities Act, compliance with Regulation A, or some other registration exemption shall be required; and that, notwithstanding the fact that Rules 144 and 701 are not exclusive, the Staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission has expressed its opinion that persons proposing to sell private placement securities other than in a registered offering and otherwise than pursuant to Rules 144 or 701 shall have a substantial burden of proof in establishing that an exemption from registration is available for such offers or sales, and that such persons and their respective brokers who participate in such transactions do so at their own risk. Participant understands that no assurances can be given that any such other registration exemption shall be available in such event.
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EXHIBIT C-1
DOXIMITY, INC.
2010 EQUITY INCENTIVE PLAN
RESTRICTED STOCK PURCHASE AGREEMENT
THIS RESTRICTED STOCK PURCHASE AGREEMENT (the “Agreement”) is made between _____________________________ (the “Purchaser”) and Doximity, Inc. (the “Company”) or its assignees of rights hereunder as of __________________, ____.
Unless otherwise defined herein, the terms defined in the 2010 Equity Incentive Plan shall have the same defined meanings in this Agreement.
RECITALS
A. Pursuant to the exercise of the option granted to Purchaser under the Plan and pursuant to the Stock Option Agreement – Early Exercise (the “Option Agreement”) dated _______________, ____ by and between the Company and Purchaser with respect to such grant (the “Option”), which Plan and Option Agreement are hereby incorporated by reference, Purchaser has elected to purchase _________ of those shares of Common Stock which have not become vested under the vesting schedule set forth in the Option Agreement (“Unvested Shares”). The Unvested Shares and the shares subject to the Option Agreement, which have become vested are sometimes collectively referred to herein as the “Shares.”
B. As required by the Option Agreement, as a condition to Purchaser’s election to exercise the option, Purchaser must execute this Agreement, which sets forth the rights and obligations of the parties with respect to Shares acquired upon exercise of the Option.
1. Repurchase Option.
(a) If Purchaser’s status as a Service Provider is terminated for any reason, including for death and Disability, the Company shall have the right and option for ninety (90) days from such date to purchase from Purchaser, or Purchaser’s personal representative, as the case may be, all of the Purchaser’s Unvested Shares as of the date of such termination at the price paid by the Purchaser for such Shares (the “Repurchase Option”).
(b) Upon the occurrence of such termination, the Company may exercise its Repurchase Option by delivering personally or by registered mail, to Purchaser (or his or her transferee or legal representative, as the case may be) with a copy to the escrow agent described in Section 2 below, a notice in writing indicating the Company’s intention to exercise the Repurchase Option AND, at the Company’s option, (i) by delivering to the Purchaser (or the Purchaser’s transferee or legal representative) a check in the amount of the aggregate repurchase price, or (ii) by the Company canceling an amount of the Purchaser’s indebtedness to the Company equal to the aggregate repurchase price, or (iii) by a combination of (i) and (ii) so that the combined payment and cancellation of indebtedness equals such aggregate repurchase price. Upon delivery of such notice and payment of the aggregate repurchase price in any of the ways described above, the Company shall become the legal and beneficial owner of the Unvested Shares being repurchased and the rights and interests therein or relating thereto, and the Company shall have the right to retain and transfer to its own name the number of Unvested Shares being repurchased by the Company.
(c) Whenever the Company shall have the right to repurchase Unvested Shares hereunder, the Company may designate and assign one or more employees, officers, directors or stockholders of the Company or other persons or organizations to exercise all or a part of the Company’s Repurchase Option under this Agreement and purchase all or a part of such Unvested Shares.
(d) If the Company does not elect to exercise the Repurchase Option conferred above by giving the requisite notice within ninety (90) days following the termination, the Repurchase Option shall terminate.
(e) The Repurchase Option shall terminate in accordance with the vesting schedule contained in Purchaser’s Option Agreement.
2. Transferability of the Shares; Escrow.
(a) Purchaser hereby authorizes and directs the Secretary of the Company, or such other person designated by the Company, to transfer the Unvested Shares as to which the Repurchase Option has been exercised from Purchaser to the Company.
(b) To insure the availability for delivery of Purchaser’s Unvested Shares upon repurchase by the Company pursuant to the Repurchase Option under Section 1, Purchaser hereby appoints the Secretary, or any other person designated by the Company as escrow agent (the “Escrow Agent”), as its attorney-in-fact to sell, assign and transfer unto the Company, such Unvested Shares, if any, repurchased by the Company pursuant to the Repurchase Option and shall, upon execution of this Agreement, deliver and deposit with the Escrow Agent, the share certificates representing the Unvested Shares, together with the stock assignment duly endorsed in blank, attached hereto as Exhibit C-2. The Unvested Shares and stock assignment shall be held by the Escrow Agent in escrow, pursuant to the Joint Escrow Instructions of the Company and Purchaser attached as Exhibit C-3 hereto, until the Company exercises its Repurchase Option, until such Unvested Shares are vested, or until such time as this Agreement no longer is in effect. Upon vesting of the Unvested Shares, the Escrow Agent shall promptly deliver to the Purchaser the certificate or certificates representing such Shares in the Escrow Agent’s possession belonging to the Purchaser, and the Escrow Agent shall be discharged of all further obligations hereunder; provided, however, that the Escrow Agent shall nevertheless retain such certificate or certificates as Escrow Agent if so required pursuant to other restrictions imposed pursuant to this Agreement.
(c) Neither the Company nor the Escrow Agent shall be liable for any act it may do or omit to do with respect to holding the Shares in escrow and while acting in good faith and in the exercise of its judgment.
(d) Transfer or sale of the Shares is subject to restrictions on transfer imposed by any applicable state and federal securities laws. Any transferee shall hold such Shares subject to all the provisions hereof and the Exercise Notice executed by the Purchaser with respect to any Unvested Shares purchased by Purchaser and shall acknowledge the same by signing a copy of this Agreement.
3. Ownership, Voting Rights, Duties. This Agreement shall not affect in any way the ownership, voting rights or other rights or duties of Purchaser, except as specifically provided herein.
4. Legends. The share certificate evidencing the Shares issued hereunder shall be endorsed with the following legend (in addition to any legend required under applicable federal and state securities laws):
THE SHARES REPRESENTED BY THIS CERTIFICATE ARE SUBJECT TO CERTAIN RESTRICTIONS UPON TRANSFER AND RIGHTS OF REPURCHASE AS SET FORTH IN AN AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE COMPANY AND THE STOCKHOLDER, A COPY OF WHICH IS ON FILE WITH THE SECRETARY OF THE COMPANY.
5. Adjustment for Stock Split. All references to the number of Shares and the purchase price of the Shares in this Agreement shall be appropriately adjusted to reflect any stock split, stock dividend or other change in the Shares, which may be made by the Company pursuant to Section 13 of the Plan after the date of this Agreement.
6. Notices. Notices required hereunder shall be given in person or by registered mail to the address of Purchaser shown on the records of the Company, and to the Company at their respective principal executive offices.
7. Survival of Terms. This Agreement shall apply to and bind Purchaser and the Company and their respective permitted assignees and transferees, heirs, legatees, executors, administrators and legal successors.
8. Section 83(b) Election. Purchaser hereby acknowledges that he or she has been informed that, with respect to the exercise of an Option for Unvested Shares, an election (the “Election”) may be filed by the Purchaser with the Internal Revenue Service, within thirty (30) days of the purchase of the exercised Shares, electing pursuant to Section 83(b) of the Code to be taxed currently on any difference between the purchase price of the exercised Shares and their Fair Market Value on the date of purchase. In the case of a Nonstatutory Stock Option, this will result in the recognition of taxable income to the Purchaser on the date of exercise, measured by the excess, if any, of the Fair Market Value of the exercised Shares, at the time the Option is exercised over the purchase price for the exercised Shares. Absent such an Election, taxable income will be measured and recognized by Purchaser at the time or times on which the Company’s Repurchase Option lapses. In the case of an Incentive Stock Option, such an Election will result in a recognition of income to the Purchaser for alternative minimum tax purposes on the date of exercise, measured by the excess, if any, of the Fair Market Value of the exercised Shares, at the time the option is exercised, over the purchase price for the exercised Shares. Absent such an Election, alternative minimum taxable income will be measured and recognized by Purchaser at the time or times on which the Company’s Repurchase Option lapses.
This discussion is intended only as a summary of the general United States income tax laws that apply to exercising Options as to Shares that have not yet vested and is accurate only as of the date this form Agreement was approved by the Board. The federal, state and local tax consequences to any particular taxpayer will depend upon his or her individual circumstances. Purchaser is strongly encouraged to seek the advice of his or her own tax consultants in connection with the purchase of the Shares and the advisability of filing of the Election under Section 83(b) of the Code. A form of Election under Section 83(b) is attached hereto as Exhibit C-4 for reference.
PURCHASER ACKNOWLEDGES THAT IT IS PURCHASER’S SOLE RESPONSIBILITY AND NOT THE COMPANY’S TO FILE TIMELY THE ELECTION UNDER SECTION 83(b) OF THE CODE, EVEN IF PURCHASER REQUESTS THE COMPANY OR ITS REPRESENTATIVE TO MAKE THIS FILING ON PURCHASER’S BEHALF.
9. Representations. Purchaser has reviewed with his or her own tax advisors the federal, state, local and foreign tax consequences of this investment and the transactions contemplated by this Agreement. Purchaser is relying solely on such advisors and not on any statements or representations of the Company or any of its agents. Purchaser understands that he or she (and not the Company) shall be responsible for his or her own tax liability that may arise as a result of this investment or the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.
10. Entire Agreement; Governing Law. The Plan and Option Agreement are incorporated herein by reference. The Plan, the Option Agreement, the Exercise Notice, this Agreement, and the Investment Representation Statement constitute the entire agreement of the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof and supersede in their entirety all prior undertakings and agreements of the Company and Purchaser with respect to the subject matter hereof, and may not be modified adversely to the Purchaser’s interest except by means of a writing signed by the Company and Purchaser. This Agreement is governed by the internal substantive laws but not the choice of law rules of California.
Purchaser represents that he or she has read this Agreement and is familiar with its terms and provisions. Purchaser hereby agrees to accept as binding, conclusive and final all decisions or interpretations of the Board upon any questions arising under this Agreement.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, this Agreement is deemed made as of the date first set forth above.
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PARTICIPANT
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DOXIMITY, INC.
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Signature
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Dated:
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EXHIBIT C-2
ASSIGNMENT SEPARATE FROM CERTIFICATE
FOR VALUE RECEIVED I, __________________________, hereby sell, assign and transfer unto Doximity, Inc. _____________ shares of the Common Stock of Doximity, Inc. standing in my name of the books of said corporation represented by Certificate No. _____ herewith and do hereby irrevocably constitute and appoint __________________________ to transfer the said stock on the books of the within named corporation with full power of substitution in the premises.
This Stock Assignment may be used only in accordance with the Restricted Stock Purchase Agreement between Doximity, Inc. and the undersigned dated ______________, _____ (the “Agreement”).
Dated: _______________,____ Signature:
INSTRUCTIONS: Please do not fill in any blanks other than the signature line. The purpose of this assignment is to enable the Company to exercise its “repurchase option,” as set forth in the Agreement, without requiring additional signatures on the part of the Purchaser.
EXHIBIT C-3
JOINT ESCROW INSTRUCTIONS
_________________, ____
Corporate Secretary
Doximity, Inc.
218 Commons Lane
Foster City, CA 94404
Dear _________________:
As Escrow Agent for both Doximity, Inc. (the “Company”), and the undersigned purchaser of stock of the Company (the “Purchaser”), you are hereby authorized and directed to hold the documents delivered to you pursuant to the terms of that certain Restricted Stock Purchase Agreement (the “Agreement”) between the Company and the undersigned, in accordance with the following instructions:
1. In the event the Company and/or any assignee of the Company (referred to collectively for convenience herein as the “Company”) exercises the Company’s repurchase option set forth in the Agreement, the Company shall give to Purchaser and you a written notice specifying the number of shares of stock to be purchased, the purchase price, and the time for a closing hereunder at the principal office of the Company. Purchaser and the Company hereby irrevocably authorize and direct you to close the transaction contemplated by such notice in accordance with the terms of said notice.
2. At the closing, you are directed (a) to date the stock assignments necessary for the transfer in question, (b) to fill in the number of shares being transferred, and (c) to deliver the stock assignments, together with the certificate evidencing the shares of stock to be transferred, to the Company or its assignee, against the simultaneous delivery to you of the purchase price (by cash, a check, or some combination thereof) for the number of shares of stock being purchased pursuant to the exercise of the Company’s repurchase option.
3. Purchaser irrevocably authorizes the Company to deposit with you any certificates evidencing shares of stock to be held by you hereunder and any additions and substitutions to said shares as defined in the Agreement. Purchaser does hereby irrevocably constitute and appoint you as Purchaser’s attorney-in-fact and agent for the term of this escrow to execute with respect to such securities all documents necessary or appropriate to make such securities negotiable and to complete any transaction herein contemplated, including but not limited to the filing with any applicable state blue sky authority of any required applications for consent to, or notice of transfer of, the securities. Subject to the provisions of this paragraph 3, Purchaser shall exercise all rights and privileges of a stockholder of the Company while the stock is held by you.
4. Upon written request of the Purchaser, but no more than once per calendar year, unless the Company’s repurchase option has been exercised, you shall deliver to Purchaser a certificate or certificates representing so many shares of stock as are not then subject to the Company’s repurchase option. Within one hundred and twenty (120) days after cessation of Purchaser’s continuous employment by or services to the Company, or any parent or subsidiary of the Company, you shall deliver to Purchaser a certificate or certificates representing the aggregate number of shares held or issued pursuant to the Agreement and not purchased by the Company or its assignees pursuant to exercise of the Company’s repurchase option.
5. If at the time of termination of this escrow you should have in your possession any documents, securities, or other property belonging to Purchaser, you shall deliver all of the same to Purchaser and shall be discharged of all further obligations hereunder.
6. Your duties hereunder may be altered, amended, modified or revoked only by a writing signed by all of the parties hereto.
7. You shall be obligated only for the performance of such duties as are specifically set forth herein and may rely and shall be protected in relying or refraining from acting on any instrument reasonably believed by you to be genuine and to have been signed or presented by the proper party or parties. You shall not be personally liable for any act you may do or omit to do hereunder as Escrow Agent or as attorney-in-fact for Purchaser while acting in good faith, and any act done or omitted by you pursuant to the advice of your own attorneys shall be conclusive evidence of such good faith.
8. You are hereby expressly authorized to disregard any and all warnings given by any of the parties hereto or by any other person or corporation, excepting only orders or process of courts of law and are hereby expressly authorized to comply with and obey orders, judgments or decrees of any court. In case you obey or comply with any such order, judgment or decree, you shall not be liable to any of the parties hereto or to any other person, firm or corporation by reason of such compliance, notwithstanding any such order, judgment or decree being subsequently reversed, modified, annulled, set aside, vacated or found to have been entered without jurisdiction.
9. You shall not be liable in any respect on account of the identity, authorities or rights of the parties executing or delivering or purporting to execute or deliver the Agreement or any documents or papers deposited or called for hereunder.
10. You shall not be liable for the outlawing of any rights under the Statute of Limitations with respect to these Joint Escrow Instructions or any documents deposited with you.
11. You shall be entitled to employ such legal counsel and other experts as you may deem necessary properly to advise you in connection with your obligations hereunder, may rely upon the advice of such counsel, and may pay such counsel reasonable compensation therefor.
12. Your responsibilities as Escrow Agent hereunder shall terminate if you shall cease to be an officer or agent of the Company or if you shall resign by written notice to each party. In the event of any such termination, the Company shall appoint a successor Escrow Agent.
13. If you reasonably require other or further instruments in connection with these Joint Escrow Instructions or obligations in respect hereto, the necessary parties hereto shall join in furnishing such instruments.
14. It is understood and agreed that should any dispute arise with respect to the delivery and/or ownership or right of possession of the securities held by you hereunder, you are authorized and directed to retain in your possession without liability to anyone all or any part of said securities until such disputes shall have been settled either by mutual written agreement of the parties concerned or by a final order, decree or judgment of a court of competent jurisdiction after the time for appeal has expired and no appeal has been perfected, but you shall be under no duty whatsoever to institute or defend any such proceedings.
15. Any notice required or permitted hereunder shall be given in writing and shall be deemed effectively given upon personal delivery or upon deposit in the United States Post Office, by registered or certified mail with postage and fees prepaid, addressed to each of the other parties thereunto entitled at the following addresses or at such other addresses as a party may designate by ten (10) days’ advance written notice to each of the other parties hereto.
16. By signing these Joint Escrow Instructions, you become a party hereto only for the purpose of said Joint Escrow Instructions; you do not become a party to the Agreement.
17. This instrument shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the parties hereto, and their respective successors and permitted assigns.
18. These Joint Escrow Instructions shall be governed by the internal substantive laws, but not the choice of law rules, of California.
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PURCHASER:
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DOXIMITY, INC.
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Signature
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ESCROW AGENT
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Corporate Secretary
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Dated:
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EXHIBIT C-4
ELECTION UNDER SECTION 83(b)
OF THE INTERNAL REVENUE CODE OF 1986
The undersigned taxpayer hereby elects, pursuant to Sections 55 and 83(b) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, to include in taxpayer’s gross income or alternative minimum taxable income, as the case may be, for the current taxable year the amount of any compensation taxable to taxpayer in connection with taxpayer’s receipt of the property described below.
1. The name, address, taxpayer identification number and taxable year of the undersigned are as follows:
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TAXPAYER
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SPOUSE
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ADDRESS:
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TAX ID NO.:
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TAXABLE YEAR:
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2. The property with respect to which the election is made is described as follows: __________ shares (the “Shares”) of the Common Stock of Doximity, Inc. (the “Company”).
3. The date on which the property was transferred is:___________________ ,______.
4. The property is subject to the following restrictions:
The Shares may not be transferred and are subject to forfeiture under the terms of an agreement between the taxpayer and the Company. These restrictions lapse upon the satisfaction of certain conditions contained in such agreement.
5. The Fair Market Value at the time of transfer, determined without regard to any restriction other than a restriction which by its terms shall never lapse, of such property is: $_________________.
6. The amount (if any) paid for such property is: $_________________.
The undersigned has submitted a copy of this statement to the person for whom the services were performed in connection with the undersigned’s receipt of the above-described property. The transferee of such property is the person performing the services in connection with the transfer of said property.
The undersigned understands that the foregoing election may not be revoked except with the consent of the Commissioner.
Dated: ______________________, _____ _______________________________________
Taxpayer
The undersigned spouse of taxpayer joins in this election.
Dated: ______________________, _____ _______________________________________
Spouse of Taxpayer
DOXIMITY, INC.
2021 STOCK OPTION AND INCENTIVE PLAN
SECTION 1.GENERAL PURPOSE OF THE PLAN; DEFINITIONS
The name of the plan is the Doximity, Inc. 2021 Stock Option and Incentive Plan (the “Plan”). The purpose of the Plan is to encourage and enable the officers, employees, Non-Employee Directors and Consultants of Doximity, Inc. (the “Company”) and its Affiliates upon whose judgment, initiative and efforts the Company largely depends for the successful conduct of its business to acquire a proprietary interest in the Company. It is anticipated that providing such persons with a direct stake in the Company’s welfare will assure a closer identification of their interests with those of the Company and its stockholders, thereby stimulating their efforts on the Company’s behalf and strengthening their desire to remain with the Company.
The following terms shall be defined as set forth below:
“Act” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the rules and regulations thereunder.
“Administrator” means either the Board or the compensation committee of the Board or a similar committee performing the functions of the compensation committee and which is comprised of not less than two Non-Employee Directors who are independent.
“Affiliate” means, at the time of determination, any “parent” or “subsidiary” of the Company as such terms are defined in Rule 405 of the Act. The Board will have the authority to determine the time or times at which “parent” or “subsidiary” status is determined within the foregoing definition.
“Award” or “Awards,” except where referring to a particular category of grant under the Plan, shall include Incentive Stock Options, Non-Qualified Stock Options, Stock Appreciation Rights, Restricted Stock Units, Restricted Stock Awards, Unrestricted Stock Awards, Cash-Based Awards, and Dividend Equivalent Rights.
“Award Certificate” means a written or electronic document setting forth the terms and provisions applicable to an Award granted under the Plan. Each Award Certificate is subject to the terms and conditions of the Plan.
“Board” means the Board of Directors of the Company.
“Cash-Based Award” means an Award entitling the recipient to receive a cash-denominated payment.
“Code” means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and any successor Code, and related rules, regulations and interpretations.
“Consultant” means a consultant or adviser who provides bona fide services to the Company or an Affiliate as an independent contractor and who qualifies as a consultant or advisor under Instruction A.1.(a)(1) of Form S-8 under the Act.
“Dividend Equivalent Right” means an Award entitling the grantee to receive credits based on cash dividends that would have been paid on the shares of Stock specified in the Dividend Equivalent Right (or other award to which it relates) if such shares had been issued to and held by the grantee.
“Effective Date” means the date on which the Plan becomes effective as set forth in Section 19.
“Exchange Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations thereunder.
“Fair Market Value” of the Stock on any given date means the fair market value of the Stock determined in good faith by the Administrator; provided, however, that if the Stock is listed on the National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotation System (“NASDAQ”), NASDAQ Global Market, The New York Stock Exchange or another national securities exchange or traded on any established market, the determination shall be made by reference to market quotations. If there are no market quotations for such date, the determination shall be made by reference to the last date preceding such date for which there are market quotations; provided further, however, that if the date for which Fair Market Value is determined is the Registration Date, the Fair Market Value shall be the “Price to the Public” (or equivalent) set forth on the cover page for the final prospectus relating to the Company’s initial public offering.
“Incentive Stock Option” means any Stock Option designated and qualified as an “incentive stock option” as defined in Section 422 of the Code.
“Non-Employee Director” means a member of the Board who is not also an employee of the Company or any Subsidiary.
“Non-Qualified Stock Option” means any Stock Option that is not an Incentive Stock Option.
“Option” or “Stock Option” means any option to purchase shares of Stock granted pursuant to Section 5.
“Registration Date” means the date upon which the registration statement on Form S-1 that is filed by the Company with respect to its initial public offering is declared effective by the Securities and Exchange Commission.
“Restricted Shares” means the shares of Stock underlying a Restricted Stock Award that remain subject to a risk of forfeiture or the Company’s right of repurchase.
“Restricted Stock Award” means an Award of Restricted Shares subject to such restrictions and conditions as the Administrator may determine at the time of grant.
“Restricted Stock Units” means an Award of stock units subject to such restrictions and conditions as the Administrator may determine at the time of grant.
“Sale Event” shall mean (i) the sale of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company on a consolidated basis to an unrelated person or entity, (ii) a merger, reorganization or consolidation pursuant to which the holders of the Company’s outstanding voting power and outstanding stock immediately prior to such transaction do not own a majority of the outstanding voting power and outstanding stock or other equity interests of the resulting or successor entity (or its ultimate parent, if applicable) immediately upon completion of such transaction, (iii) the sale of all of the Stock of the Company to an unrelated person, entity or group thereof acting in concert, or (iv) any other transaction in which the owners of the Company’s outstanding voting power immediately prior to such transaction do not own at least a majority of the outstanding voting power of the Company or any successor entity immediately upon completion of the transaction other than as a result of the acquisition of securities directly from the Company.
“Sale Price” means the value as determined by the Administrator of the consideration payable, or otherwise to be received by stockholders, per share of Stock pursuant to a Sale Event.
“Section 409A” means Section 409A of the Code and the regulations and other guidance promulgated thereunder.
“Service Relationship” means any relationship as an employee, director or Consultant of the Company or any Affiliate (e.g., a Service Relationship shall be deemed to continue without interruption in the event an individual’s status changes from full-time employee to part-time employee or Consultant).
“Stock” means the Class A Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share, of the Company, subject to adjustments pursuant to Section 3.
“Stock Appreciation Right” means an Award entitling the recipient to receive shares of Stock (or cash, to the extent explicitly provided for in the applicable Award Certificate) having a value equal to the excess of the Fair Market Value of the Stock on the date of exercise over the exercise price of the Stock Appreciation Right multiplied by the number of shares of Stock with respect to which the Stock Appreciation Right shall have been exercised.
“Subsidiary” means any corporation or other entity (other than the Company) in which the Company has at least a 50 percent interest, either directly or indirectly.
“Ten Percent Owner” means an employee who owns or is deemed to own (by reason of the attribution rules of Section 424(d) of the Code) more than 10 percent of the combined voting power of all classes of stock of the Company or any parent or subsidiary corporation.
“Unrestricted Stock Award” means an Award of shares of Stock free of any restrictions.
SECTION 2.ADMINISTRATION OF PLAN; ADMINISTRATOR AUTHORITY TO SELECT GRANTEES AND DETERMINE AWARDS
(a)Administration of Plan. The Plan shall be administered by the Administrator.
(b)Powers of Administrator. The Administrator shall have the power and authority to grant Awards consistent with the terms of the Plan, including the power and authority:
(i)to select the individuals to whom Awards may from time to time be granted;
(ii)to determine the time or times of grant, and the extent, if any, of Incentive Stock Options, Non-Qualified Stock Options, Stock Appreciation Rights, Restricted Stock Awards, Restricted Stock Units, Unrestricted Stock Awards, Cash-Based Awards, and Dividend Equivalent Rights, or any combination of the foregoing, granted to any one or more grantees;
(iii)to determine the number of shares of Stock to be covered by any Award;
(iv)to determine and modify from time to time the terms and conditions, including restrictions, not inconsistent with the terms of the Plan, of any Award, which terms and conditions may differ among individual Awards and grantees, and to approve the forms of Award Certificates;
(v)to accelerate at any time the exercisability or vesting of all or any portion of any Award;
(vi)subject to the provisions of Section 5(c) or Section 6(d), to extend at any time the period in which Stock Options and Stock Appreciation Rights may be exercised; and
(vii)at any time to adopt, alter and repeal such rules, guidelines and practices for administration of the Plan and for its own acts and proceedings as it shall deem advisable; to interpret the terms and provisions of the Plan and any Award (including related written instruments); to make all determinations it deems advisable for the administration of the Plan; to decide all disputes arising in connection with the Plan; and to otherwise supervise the administration of the Plan.
All decisions and interpretations of the Administrator shall be binding on all persons, including the Company and Plan grantees.
(c)Delegation of Authority to Grant Awards. Subject to applicable law, the Administrator, in its discretion, may delegate to a committee consisting of one or more officers of the Company, including the Chief Executive Officer of the Company, all or part of the Administrator’s authority and duties with respect to the granting of Awards to individuals who are (i) not subject to the reporting and other provisions of Section 16 of the Exchange Act and (ii) not members of the delegated committee. Any such delegation by the Administrator shall include a limitation as to the amount of Stock underlying Awards that may be granted during the period of the delegation and shall contain guidelines as to the determination of the exercise price
and the vesting criteria. The Administrator may revoke or amend the terms of a delegation at any time but such action shall not invalidate any prior actions of the Administrator’s delegate or delegates that were consistent with the terms of the Plan.
(d)Award Certificate. Awards under the Plan shall be evidenced by Award Certificates that set forth the terms, conditions and limitations for each Award which may include, without limitation, the term of an Award and the provisions applicable in the event employment or service terminates.
(e)Indemnification. Neither the Board nor the Administrator, nor any member of either or any delegate thereof, shall be liable for any act, omission, interpretation, construction or determination made in good faith in connection with the Plan, and the members of the Board and the Administrator (and any delegate thereof) shall be entitled in all cases to indemnification and reimbursement by the Company in respect of any claim, loss, damage or expense (including, without limitation, reasonable attorneys’ fees) arising or resulting therefrom to the fullest extent permitted by law and/or under the Company’s articles or bylaws or any directors’ and officers’ liability insurance coverage which may be in effect from time to time and/or any indemnification agreement between such individual and the Company.
(f)Foreign Award Recipients. Notwithstanding any provision of the Plan to the contrary, in order to comply with the laws in other countries in which the Company and its Subsidiaries operate or have employees or other individuals eligible for Awards, the Administrator, or its delegee, in its sole discretion, shall have the power and authority to: (i) determine which Subsidiaries shall be covered by the Plan; (ii) determine which individuals outside the United States are eligible to participate in the Plan; (iii) modify the terms and conditions of any Award granted to individuals outside the United States to comply with applicable foreign laws; (iv) establish subplans and modify exercise procedures and other terms and procedures, to the extent the Administrator determines such actions to be necessary or advisable (and such subplans and/or modifications shall be attached to this Plan as appendices); provided, however, that no such subplans and/or modifications shall increase the share limitations contained in Section 3(a) hereof; and (v) take any action, before or after an Award is made, that the Administrator determines to be necessary or advisable to obtain approval or comply with any local governmental regulatory exemptions or approvals. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Administrator may not take any actions hereunder, and no Awards shall be granted, that would violate the Exchange Act or any other applicable United States securities law, the Code, or any other applicable United States governing statute or law.
SECTION 3.STOCK ISSUABLE UNDER THE PLAN; MERGERS; SUBSTITUTION
(a)Stock Issuable. The maximum number of shares of Stock reserved and available for issuance under the Plan shall be 22,500,000 shares (the “Initial Limit”), subject to adjustment as provided in this Section 3, plus on April 1, 2022 and each April 1 thereafter, the number of shares of Stock reserved and available for issuance under the Plan shall be cumulatively increased by five percent (5%) of the number of shares of Class A and Class B common stock issued and outstanding on the immediately preceding December 31 or such lesser amount,
including no increase, as determined by the Administrator (the “Annual Increase”). Subject to such overall limitation, the maximum aggregate number of shares of Stock that may be issued in the form of Incentive Stock Options shall not exceed the Initial Limit cumulatively increased on April 1, 2022 and on each April 1 thereafter by the lesser of the Annual Increase for such year or 22,500,000 shares of Stock, subject in all cases to adjustment as provided in Section 3(b). The shares of Stock underlying any awards under the Plan and underlying any awards under the Company’s 2010 Equity Incentive Plan, as amended, that are forfeited, canceled, held back upon exercise of an Option or settlement of an Award to cover the exercise price or tax withholding, reacquired by the Company prior to vesting, satisfied without the issuance of Stock or otherwise terminated (other than by exercise) shall be added back to the shares of Stock available for issuance under the Plan, and to the extent permitted under Section 422 of the Code and the regulations promulgated thereunder, the shares of Stock that may be issued as Incentive Stock Options (provided, that any such shares of Class B common stock of the Company shall first be converted to shares of Class A common stock of the Company). In the event the Company repurchases shares of Stock on the open market, such shares shall not be added to the shares of Stock available for issuance under the Plan. Subject to the foregoing limitations, shares of Stock may be issued up to such maximum number pursuant to any type or types of Award. The shares available for issuance under the Plan may be authorized but unissued shares of Stock or shares of Stock reacquired by the Company.
(b)Changes in Stock. Subject to Section 3(c) hereof, if, as a result of any reorganization, recapitalization, reclassification, stock dividend, stock split, reverse stock split or other similar change in the Company’s capital stock, the outstanding shares of Stock are increased or decreased or are exchanged for a different number or kind of shares or other securities of the Company, or additional shares or new or different shares or other securities of the Company or other non-cash assets are distributed with respect to such shares of Stock or other securities, or, if, as a result of any merger or consolidation, sale of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company, the outstanding shares of Stock are converted into or exchanged for securities of the Company or any successor entity (or a parent or subsidiary thereof), the Administrator shall make an appropriate or proportionate adjustment in (i) the maximum number of shares reserved for issuance under the Plan, including the maximum number of shares that may be issued in the form of Incentive Stock Options, (ii) the number and kind of shares or other securities subject to any then outstanding Awards under the Plan, (iii) the repurchase price, if any, per share subject to each outstanding Restricted Stock Award, and (iv) the exercise price for each share subject to any then outstanding Stock Options and Stock Appreciation Rights under the Plan, without changing the aggregate exercise price (i.e., the exercise price multiplied by the number of shares subject to Stock Options and Stock Appreciation Rights) as to which such Stock Options and Stock Appreciation Rights remain exercisable. The Administrator shall also make equitable or proportionate adjustments in the number of shares subject to outstanding Awards and the exercise price and the terms of outstanding Awards to take into consideration cash dividends paid other than in the ordinary course or any other extraordinary corporate event. The adjustment by the Administrator shall be final, binding and conclusive. No fractional shares of Stock shall be issued under the Plan resulting from any such adjustment, but the Administrator in its discretion may make a cash payment in lieu of fractional shares.
(c)Mergers and Other Transactions. In the case of and subject to the consummation of a Sale Event, the parties thereto may cause the assumption or continuation of Awards theretofore granted by the successor entity, or the substitution of such Awards with new Awards of the successor entity or parent thereof, with appropriate adjustment as to the number and kind of shares and, if appropriate, the per share exercise prices, as such parties shall agree. To the extent the parties to such Sale Event do not provide for the assumption, continuation or substitution of Awards, upon the effective time of the Sale Event, the Plan and all outstanding Awards granted hereunder shall terminate. In such case, except as may be otherwise provided in the relevant Award Certificate, all Options and Stock Appreciation Rights with time-based vesting conditions or restrictions that are not vested and/or exercisable immediately prior to the effective time of the Sale Event shall become fully vested and exercisable as of the effective time of the Sale Event, all other Awards with time-based vesting, conditions or restrictions shall become fully vested and nonforfeitable as of the effective time of the Sale Event, and all Awards with conditions and restrictions relating to the attainment of performance goals may become vested and nonforfeitable in connection with a Sale Event in the Administrator’s discretion or to the extent specified in the relevant Award Certificate. In the event of such termination, (i) the Company shall have the option (in its sole discretion) to make or provide for a payment, in cash or in kind, to the grantees holding Options and Stock Appreciation Rights, in exchange for the cancellation thereof, in an amount equal to the difference between (A) the Sale Price multiplied by the number of shares of Stock subject to outstanding Options and Stock Appreciation Rights (to the extent then exercisable at prices not in excess of the Sale Price) and (B) the aggregate exercise price of all such outstanding Options and Stock Appreciation Rights (provided that, in the case of an Option or Stock Appreciation Right with an exercise price equal to or greater than the Sale Price, such Option or Stock Appreciation Right shall be cancelled for no consideration); or (ii) each grantee shall be permitted, within a specified period of time prior to the consummation of the Sale Event as determined by the Administrator, to exercise all outstanding Options and Stock Appreciation Rights (to the extent then exercisable) held by such grantee. The Company shall also have the option (in its sole discretion) to make or provide for a payment, in cash or in kind, to the grantees holding other Awards in an amount equal to the Sale Price multiplied by the number of vested shares of Stock under such Awards.
(d)Maximum Awards to Non-Employee Directors. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Plan, the value of all Awards awarded under this Plan and all other cash compensation paid by the Company to any Non-Employee Director in any calendar year shall not exceed $750,000; provided, however, that such amount shall be $1,000,000 for the calendar year in which the applicable Non-Employee Director is initially elected or appointed to the Board. For the purpose of this limitation, the value of any Award shall be its grant date fair value, as determined in accordance with ASC 718 or successor provision but excluding the impact of estimated forfeitures related to service-based vesting provisions.
SECTION 4.ELIGIBILITY
Grantees under the Plan will be such employees, Non-Employee Directors or Consultants of the Company and its Affiliates as are selected from time to time by the Administrator in its sole discretion.
SECTION 5.STOCK OPTIONS
(a)Award of Stock Options. The Administrator may grant Stock Options under the Plan. Any Stock Option granted under the Plan shall be in such form as the Administrator may from time to time approve.
Stock Options granted under the Plan may be either Incentive Stock Options or Non-Qualified Stock Options. Incentive Stock Options may be granted only to employees of the Company or any Subsidiary that is a “subsidiary corporation” within the meaning of Section 424(f) of the Code. To the extent that any Option does not qualify as an Incentive Stock Option, it shall be deemed a Non-Qualified Stock Option.
Stock Options granted pursuant to this Section 5 shall be subject to the following terms and conditions and shall contain such additional terms and conditions, not inconsistent with the terms of the Plan, as the Administrator shall deem desirable. If the Administrator so determines, Stock Options may be granted in lieu of cash compensation at the grantee’s election, subject to such terms and conditions as the Administrator may establish.
(b)Exercise Price. The exercise price per share for the Stock covered by a Stock Option granted pursuant to this Section 5 shall be determined by the Administrator at the time of grant but shall not be less than 100 percent of the Fair Market Value on the date of grant. In the case of an Incentive Stock Option that is granted to a Ten Percent Owner, the exercise price of such Incentive Stock Option shall be not less than 110 percent of the Fair Market Value on the grant date. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Stock Options may be granted with an exercise price per share that is less than 100 percent of the Fair Market Value on the date of grant (i) pursuant to a transaction described in, and in a manner consistent with, Section 424(a) of the Code, (ii) to individuals who are not subject to U.S. income tax on the date of grant or (iii) the Stock Option is otherwise compliant with Section 409A.
(c)Option Term. The term of each Stock Option shall be fixed by the Administrator, but no Stock Option shall be exercisable more than ten years after the date the Stock Option is granted. In the case of an Incentive Stock Option that is granted to a Ten Percent Owner, the term of such Stock Option shall be no more than five years from the date of grant.
(d)Exercisability; Rights of a Stockholder. Stock Options shall become exercisable at such time or times, whether or not in installments, as shall be determined by the Administrator at or after the grant date. The Administrator may at any time accelerate the exercisability of all or any portion of any Stock Option. An optionee shall have the rights of a stockholder only as to shares acquired upon the exercise of a Stock Option and not as to unexercised Stock Options.
(e)Method of Exercise. Stock Options may be exercised in whole or in part, by giving written or electronic notice of exercise to the Company, specifying the number of shares to be purchased. Payment of the purchase price may be made by one or more of the following methods except to the extent otherwise provided in the Award Certificate:
(i)In cash, by certified or bank check or other instrument acceptable to the Administrator;
(ii)Through the delivery (or attestation to the ownership following such procedures as the Company may prescribe) of shares of Stock that are not then subject to restrictions under any Company plan. Such surrendered shares shall be valued at Fair Market Value on the exercise date;
(iii)By the optionee electronically delivering to the Company a properly executed exercise notice together with irrevocable instructions to a broker to promptly deliver to the Company cash or a check payable and acceptable to the Company for the purchase price; provided that in the event the optionee chooses to pay the purchase price as so provided, the optionee and the broker shall comply with such procedures and enter into such agreements of indemnity and other agreements as the Company shall prescribe as a condition of such payment procedure; or
(iv)With respect to Stock Options that are not Incentive Stock Options, by a “net exercise” arrangement pursuant to which the Company will reduce the number of shares of Stock issuable upon exercise by the largest whole number of shares with a Fair Market Value that does not exceed the aggregate exercise price.
Payment instruments will be received subject to collection. The transfer to the optionee on the records of the Company or of the transfer agent of the shares of Stock to be purchased pursuant to the exercise of a Stock Option will be contingent upon receipt from the optionee (or a purchaser acting in his stead in accordance with the provisions of the Stock Option) by the Company of the full purchase price for such shares and the fulfillment of any other requirements contained in the Award Certificate or applicable provisions of laws (including the satisfaction of any withholding taxes that the Company is obligated to withhold with respect to the optionee). In the event an optionee chooses to pay the purchase price by previously-owned shares of Stock through the attestation method, the number of shares of Stock transferred to the optionee upon the exercise of the Stock Option shall be net of the number of attested shares. In the event that the Company establishes, for itself or using the services of a third party, an automated system for the exercise of Stock Options, such as a system using an internet website or interactive voice response, then the paperless exercise of Stock Options may be permitted through the use of such an automated system.
(f)Annual Limit on Incentive Stock Options. To the extent required for “incentive stock option” treatment under Section 422 of the Code, the aggregate Fair Market Value (determined as of the time of grant) of the shares of Stock with respect to which Incentive Stock Options granted under this Plan and any other plan of the Company or its parent and subsidiary corporations become exercisable for the first time by an optionee during any calendar year shall not exceed $100,000. To the extent that any Stock Option exceeds this limit, it shall constitute a Non-Qualified Stock Option.
SECTION 6.STOCK APPRECIATION RIGHTS
(a)Award of Stock Appreciation Rights. The Administrator may grant Stock Appreciation Rights under the Plan. A Stock Appreciation Right is an Award entitling the recipient to receive shares of Stock (or cash, to the extent explicitly provided for in the applicable Award Certificate) having a value equal to the excess of the Fair Market Value of a share of Stock on the date of exercise over the exercise price of the Stock Appreciation Right multiplied by the number of shares of Stock with respect to which the Stock Appreciation Right shall have been exercised.
(b)Exercise Price of Stock Appreciation Rights. The exercise price of a Stock Appreciation Right shall not be less than 100 percent of the Fair Market Value of the Stock on the date of grant. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Stock Appreciation Rights may be granted with an exercise price per share that is less than 100 percent of the Fair Market Value on the date of grant (i) pursuant to a transaction described in, and in a manner consistent with, Section 424(a) of the Code, (ii) to individuals who are not subject to U.S. income tax on the date of grant, or (iii) if the Stock Appreciation Right is otherwise compliant with Section 409A.
(c)Grant and Exercise of Stock Appreciation Rights. Stock Appreciation Rights may be granted by the Administrator independently of any Stock Option granted pursuant to Section 5 of the Plan.
(d)Terms and Conditions of Stock Appreciation Rights. Stock Appreciation Rights shall be subject to such terms and conditions as shall be determined on the date of grant by the Administrator. The term of a Stock Appreciation Right may not exceed ten years. The terms and conditions of each such Award shall be determined by the Administrator, and such terms and conditions may differ among individual Awards and grantees.
SECTION 7.RESTRICTED STOCK AWARDS
(a)Nature of Restricted Stock Awards. The Administrator may grant Restricted Stock Awards under the Plan. A Restricted Stock Award is any Award of Restricted Shares subject to such restrictions and conditions as the Administrator may determine at the time of grant. Conditions may be based on continuing employment (or other Service Relationship) and/or achievement of pre-established performance goals and objectives.
(b)Rights as a Stockholder. Upon the grant of the Restricted Stock Award and payment of any applicable purchase price, a grantee shall have the rights of a stockholder with respect to the voting of the Restricted Shares and receipt of dividends; provided that if the lapse of restrictions with respect to the Restricted Stock Award is tied to the attainment of performance goals, any dividends paid by the Company during the performance period shall accrue and shall not be paid to the grantee until and to the extent the performance goals are met with respect to the Restricted Stock Award. Unless the Administrator shall otherwise determine, (i) uncertificated Restricted Shares shall be accompanied by a notation on the records of the Company or the transfer agent to the effect that they are subject to forfeiture until such Restricted Shares are vested as provided in Section 7(d) below, and (ii) certificated Restricted Shares shall
remain in the possession of the Company until such Restricted Shares are vested as provided in Section 7(d) below, and the grantee shall be required, as a condition of the grant, to deliver to the Company such instruments of transfer as the Administrator may prescribe.
(c)Restrictions. Restricted Shares may not be sold, assigned, transferred, pledged or otherwise encumbered or disposed of except as specifically provided herein or in the Restricted Stock Award Certificate. Except as may otherwise be provided by the Administrator either in the Award Certificate or, subject to Section 16 below, in writing after the Award is issued, if a grantee’s employment (or other Service Relationship) with the Company and its Subsidiaries terminates for any reason, any Restricted Shares that have not vested at the time of termination shall automatically and without any requirement of notice to such grantee from or other action by or on behalf of, the Company be deemed to have been reacquired by the Company at its original purchase price (if any) from such grantee or such grantee’s legal representative simultaneously with such termination of employment (or other Service Relationship), and thereafter shall cease to represent any ownership of the Company by the grantee or rights of the grantee as a stockholder. Following such deemed reacquisition of Restricted Shares that are represented by physical certificates, a grantee shall surrender such certificates to the Company upon request without consideration.
(d)Vesting of Restricted Shares. The Administrator at the time of grant shall specify the date or dates and/or the attainment of pre-established performance goals, objectives and other conditions on which the non-transferability of the Restricted Shares and the Company’s right of repurchase or forfeiture shall lapse. Subsequent to such date or dates and/or the attainment of such pre-established performance goals, objectives and other conditions, the shares on which all restrictions have lapsed shall no longer be Restricted Shares and shall be deemed “vested.”
SECTION 8.RESTRICTED STOCK UNITS
(a)Nature of Restricted Stock Units. The Administrator may grant Restricted Stock Units under the Plan. A Restricted Stock Unit is an Award of stock units that may be settled in shares of Stock (or cash, to the extent explicitly provided for in the Award Certificate) upon the satisfaction of such restrictions and conditions at the time of grant. Conditions may be based on continuing employment (or other Service Relationship) and/or achievement of pre-established performance goals and objectives. The terms and conditions of each such Award shall be determined by the Administrator, and such terms and conditions may differ among individual Awards and grantees. Except in the case of Restricted Stock Units with a deferred settlement date that complies with Section 409A, at the end of the vesting period, the Restricted Stock Units, to the extent vested, shall be settled in the form of shares of Stock. Restricted Stock Units with deferred settlement dates are subject to Section 409A and shall contain such additional terms and conditions as the Administrator shall determine in its sole discretion in order to comply with the requirements of Section 409A.
(b)Election to Receive Restricted Stock Units in Lieu of Compensation. The Administrator may, in its sole discretion, permit a grantee to elect to receive a portion of future cash compensation otherwise due to such grantee in the form of an award of Restricted Stock Units. Any such election shall be made in writing and shall be delivered to the Company no later
than the date specified by the Administrator and in accordance with Section 409A and such other rules and procedures established by the Administrator. Any such future cash compensation that the grantee elects to defer shall be converted to a fixed number of Restricted Stock Units based on the Fair Market Value of Stock on the date the compensation would otherwise have been paid to the grantee if such payment had not been deferred as provided herein. The Administrator shall have the sole right to determine whether and under what circumstances to permit such elections and to impose such limitations and other terms and conditions thereon as the Administrator deems appropriate. Any Restricted Stock Units that are elected to be received in lieu of cash compensation shall be fully vested, unless otherwise provided in the Award Certificate.
(c)Rights as a Stockholder. A grantee shall have the rights as a stockholder only as to shares of Stock acquired by the grantee upon settlement of Restricted Stock Units; provided, however, that the grantee may be credited with Dividend Equivalent Rights with respect to the stock units underlying his or her Restricted Stock Units, subject to the provisions of Section 11 and such terms and conditions as the Administrator may determine.
(d)Termination. Except as may otherwise be provided by the Administrator either in the Award Certificate or, subject to Section 16 below, in writing after the Award is issued, a grantee’s right in all Restricted Stock Units that have not vested shall automatically terminate upon the grantee’s termination of employment (or cessation of Service Relationship) with the Company and its Subsidiaries for any reason.
SECTION 9.UNRESTRICTED STOCK AWARDS
(a) Grant or Sale of Unrestricted Stock. The Administrator may grant (or sell at par value or such higher purchase price determined by the Administrator) an Unrestricted Stock Award under the Plan. An Unrestricted Stock Award is an Award pursuant to which the grantee may receive shares of Stock free of any restrictions under the Plan. Unrestricted Stock Awards may be granted in respect of past services or other valid consideration, or in lieu of cash compensation due to such grantee.
SECTION 10.CASH-BASED AWARDS
(a) Grant of Cash-Based Awards. The Administrator may grant Cash-Based Awards under the Plan. A Cash-Based Award is an Award that entitles the grantee to a payment in cash upon the attainment of specified performance goals. The Administrator shall determine the maximum duration of the Cash-Based Award, the amount of cash to which the Cash-Based Award pertains, the conditions upon which the Cash-Based Award shall become vested or payable, and such other provisions as the Administrator shall determine. Each Cash-Based Award shall specify a cash-denominated payment amount, formula or payment ranges as determined by the Administrator. Payment, if any, with respect to a Cash-Based Award shall be made in accordance with the terms of the Award and may be made in cash.
SECTION 11.DIVIDEND EQUIVALENT RIGHTS
(a)Dividend Equivalent Rights. The Administrator may grant Dividend Equivalent Rights under the Plan. A Dividend Equivalent Right is an Award entitling the grantee to receive credits based on cash dividends that would have been paid on the shares of Stock specified in the Dividend Equivalent Right (or other Award to which it relates) if such shares had been issued to the grantee. A Dividend Equivalent Right may be granted hereunder to any grantee as a component of an award of Restricted Stock Units or as a freestanding award. The terms and conditions of Dividend Equivalent Rights shall be specified in the Award Certificate. Dividend equivalents credited to the holder of a Dividend Equivalent Right may be paid currently or may be deemed to be reinvested in additional shares of Stock, which may thereafter accrue additional equivalents. Any such reinvestment shall be at Fair Market Value on the date of reinvestment or such other price as may then apply under a dividend reinvestment plan sponsored by the Company, if any. Dividend Equivalent Rights may be settled in cash or shares of Stock or a combination thereof, in a single installment or installments. A Dividend Equivalent Right granted as a component of an Award of Restricted Stock Units shall provide that such Dividend Equivalent Right shall be settled only upon settlement or payment of, or lapse of restrictions on, such other Award, and that such Dividend Equivalent Right shall expire or be forfeited or annulled under the same conditions as such other Award.
(b)Termination. Except as may otherwise be provided by the Administrator either in the Award Certificate or, subject to Section 16 below, in writing after the Award is issued, a grantee’s rights in all Dividend Equivalent Rights shall automatically terminate upon the grantee’s termination of employment (or cessation of Service Relationship) with the Company and its Subsidiaries for any reason.
SECTION 12.TRANSFERABILITY OF AWARDS
(a)Transferability. Except as provided in Section 12(b) below, during a grantee’s lifetime, his or her Awards shall be exercisable only by the grantee, or by the grantee’s legal representative or guardian in the event of the grantee’s incapacity. No Awards shall be sold, assigned, transferred or otherwise encumbered or disposed of by a grantee other than by will or by the laws of descent and distribution or pursuant to a domestic relations order. No Awards shall be subject, in whole or in part, to attachment, execution, or levy of any kind, and any purported transfer in violation hereof shall be null and void.
(b)Administrator Action. Notwithstanding Section 12(a), the Administrator, in its discretion, may provide either in the Award Certificate regarding a given Award or by subsequent written approval that the grantee (who is an employee or director) may transfer his or her Non-Qualified Stock Options to his or her immediate family members, to trusts for the benefit of such family members, or to partnerships in which such family members are the only partners, provided that the transferee agrees in writing with the Company to be bound by all of the terms and conditions of this Plan and the applicable Award. In no event may an Award be transferred by a grantee for value.
(c)Family Member. For purposes of Section 12(b), “family member” shall mean a grantee’s child, stepchild, grandchild, parent, stepparent, grandparent, spouse, former spouse, sibling, niece, nephew, mother-in-law, father-in-law, son-in-law, daughter-in-law, brother-in-law, or sister-in-law, including adoptive relationships, any person sharing the grantee’s household (other than a tenant of the grantee), a trust in which these persons (or the grantee) have more than 50 percent of the beneficial interest, a foundation in which these persons (or the grantee) control the management of assets, and any other entity in which these persons (or the grantee) own more than 50 percent of the voting interests.
(d)Designation of Beneficiary. To the extent permitted by the Company, each grantee to whom an Award has been made under the Plan may designate a beneficiary or beneficiaries to exercise any Award or receive any payment under any Award payable on or after the grantee’s death. Any such designation shall be on a form provided for that purpose by the Administrator and shall not be effective until received by the Administrator. If no beneficiary has been designated by a deceased grantee, or if the designated beneficiaries have predeceased the grantee, the beneficiary shall be the grantee’s estate.
SECTION 13.TAX WITHHOLDING
(a)Payment by Grantee. Each grantee shall, no later than the date as of which the value of an Award or of any Stock or other amounts received thereunder first becomes includable in the gross income of the grantee for federal income tax purposes, pay to the Company, or make arrangements satisfactory to the Administrator regarding payment of, any federal, state, or local taxes of any kind required by law to be withheld by the Company with respect to such income. The Company and its Subsidiaries shall, to the extent permitted by law, have the right to deduct any such taxes from any payment of any kind otherwise due to the grantee. The Company’s obligation to deliver evidence of book entry (or stock certificates) to any grantee is subject to and conditioned on tax withholding obligations being satisfied by the grantee.
(b)Payment in Stock. The Administrator may require the Company’s tax withholding obligation to be satisfied, in whole or in part, by the Company withholding from shares of Stock to be issued pursuant to any Award a number of shares with an aggregate Fair Market Value (as of the date the withholding is effected) that would satisfy the withholding amount due; provided, however, that the amount withheld does not exceed the maximum statutory tax rate or such lesser amount as is necessary to avoid liability accounting treatment. For purposes of share withholding, the Fair Market Value of withheld shares shall be determined in the same manner as the value of Stock includible in income of the grantees. The Administrator may also require the Company’s tax withholding obligation to be satisfied, in whole or in part, by an arrangement whereby a certain number of shares of Stock issued pursuant to an Award are immediately sold and proceeds from such sale are remitted to the Company in an amount that would satisfy the withholding amount due.
SECTION 14.SECTION 409A AWARDS
Awards are intended to be exempt from Section 409A to the greatest extent possible and to otherwise comply with Section 409A. The Plan and all Awards shall be interpreted in
accordance with such intent. To the extent that any Award is determined to constitute “nonqualified deferred compensation” within the meaning of Section 409A (a “409A Award”), the Award shall be subject to such additional rules and requirements as specified by the Administrator from time to time in order to comply with Section 409A. In this regard, if any amount under a 409A Award is payable upon a “separation from service” (within the meaning of Section 409A) to a grantee who is then considered a “specified employee” (within the meaning of Section 409A), then no such payment shall be made prior to the date that is the earlier of (i) six months and one day after the grantee’s separation from service, or (ii) the grantee’s death, but only to the extent such delay is necessary to prevent such payment from being subject to interest, penalties and/or additional tax imposed pursuant to Section 409A. Further, the settlement of any 409A Award may not be accelerated except to the extent permitted by Section 409A. The Company makes no representation that any or all of the payments or benefits described in the Plan will be exempt from or comply with Section 409A of the Code and makes no undertaking to preclude Section 409A of the Code from applying to any such payment. The grantee shall be solely responsible for the payment of any taxes and penalties incurred under Section 409A.
SECTION 15.TERMINATION OF SERVICE RELATIONSHIP, TRANSFER, LEAVE OF ABSENCE, ETC.
(a)Termination of Service Relationship. If the grantee’s Service Relationship is with an Affiliate and such Affiliate ceases to be an Affiliate, the grantee shall be deemed to have terminated his or her Service Relationship for purposes of the Plan.
(b)For purposes of the Plan, the following events shall not be deemed a termination of a Service Relationship:
(i)a transfer to the employment of the Company from an Affiliate or from the Company to an Affiliate, or from one Affiliate to another; or
(ii)an approved leave of absence for military service or sickness, or for any other purpose approved by the Company, if the employee’s right to re-employment is guaranteed either by a statute or by contract or under the policy pursuant to which the leave of absence was granted or if the Administrator otherwise so provides in writing.
SECTION 16.AMENDMENTS AND TERMINATION
The Board may, at any time, amend or discontinue the Plan and the Administrator may, at any time, amend or cancel any outstanding Award for the purpose of satisfying changes in law or for any other lawful purpose, but no such action shall materially and adversely affect rights under any outstanding Award without the holder’s consent. Except as provided in Section 3(b) or 3(c), without prior stockholder approval, in no event may the Administrator exercise its discretion to reduce the exercise price of outstanding Stock Options or Stock Appreciation Rights or effect repricing through cancellation and re-grants or cancellation of Stock Options or Stock Appreciation Rights in exchange for cash or other Awards. To the extent required under the rules of any securities exchange or market system on which the Stock is listed, and to the extent determined by the Administrator to be required by the Code to ensure that Incentive Stock
Options granted under the Plan are qualified under Section 422 of the Code, Plan amendments shall be subject to approval by Company stockholders. Nothing in this Section 16 shall limit the Administrator’s authority to take any action permitted pursuant to Section 3(b) or 3(c).
SECTION 17.STATUS OF PLAN
With respect to the portion of any Award that has not been exercised and any payments in cash, Stock or other consideration not received by a grantee, a grantee shall have no rights greater than those of a general creditor of the Company unless the Administrator shall otherwise expressly determine in connection with any Award or Awards. In its sole discretion, the Administrator may authorize the creation of trusts or other arrangements to meet the Company’s obligations to deliver Stock or make payments with respect to Awards hereunder, provided that the existence of such trusts or other arrangements is consistent with the foregoing sentence.
SECTION 18.GENERAL PROVISIONS
(a)No Distribution. The Administrator may require each person acquiring Stock pursuant to an Award to represent to and agree with the Company in writing that such person is acquiring the shares without a view to distribution thereof.
(b)Issuance of Stock. To the extent certificated, stock certificates to grantees under this Plan shall be deemed delivered for all purposes when the Company or a stock transfer agent of the Company shall have mailed such certificates in the United States mail, addressed to the grantee, at the grantee’s last known address on file with the Company. Uncertificated Stock shall be deemed delivered for all purposes when the Company or a Stock transfer agent of the Company shall have given to the grantee by electronic mail (with proof of receipt) or by United States mail, addressed to the grantee, at the grantee’s last known address on file with the Company, notice of issuance and recorded the issuance in its records (which may include electronic “book entry” records). Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, the Company shall not be required to issue or deliver any evidence of book entry or certificates evidencing shares of Stock pursuant to the exercise or settlement of any Award, unless and until the Administrator has determined, with advice of counsel (to the extent the Administrator deems such advice necessary or advisable), that the issuance and delivery is in compliance with all applicable laws, regulations of governmental authorities and, if applicable, the requirements of any exchange on which the shares of Stock are listed, quoted or traded. Any Stock issued pursuant to the Plan shall be subject to any stop-transfer orders and other restrictions as the Administrator deems necessary or advisable to comply with federal, state or foreign jurisdiction, securities or other laws, rules and quotation system on which the Stock is listed, quoted or traded. The Administrator may place legends on any Stock certificate or notations on any book entry to reference restrictions applicable to the Stock. In addition to the terms and conditions provided herein, the Administrator may require that an individual make such reasonable covenants, agreements, and representations as the Administrator, in its discretion, deems necessary or advisable in order to comply with any such laws, regulations, or requirements. The Administrator shall have the right to require any individual to comply with any timing or other restrictions with respect to the settlement or exercise of any Award, including a window-period limitation, as may be imposed in the discretion of the Administrator.
(c)No Fractional Shares. No fractional shares of Stock shall be issued or delivered pursuant to the Plan or any Award, and the Administrator shall determine whether cash, other securities or other property shall be paid or transferred in lieu of any fractional shares, or whether such fractional shares or any rights thereto shall be canceled, terminated or otherwise eliminated.
(d)Stockholder Rights. Until Stock is deemed delivered in accordance with Section 18(b), no right to vote or receive dividends or any other rights of a stockholder will exist with respect to shares of Stock to be issued in connection with an Award, notwithstanding the exercise of a Stock Option or any other action by the grantee with respect to an Award.
(e)Other Compensation Arrangements; No Employment Rights. Nothing contained in this Plan shall prevent the Board from adopting other or additional compensation arrangements, including trusts, and such arrangements may be either generally applicable or applicable only in specific cases. The adoption of this Plan and the grant of Awards do not confer upon any employee any right to continued employment with the Company or any Subsidiary.
(f)Trading Policy Restrictions. Option exercises and other Awards under the Plan shall be subject to the Company’s insider trading policies and procedures, as in effect from time to time.
(g)Clawback Policy. A grantee’s rights with respect to any Award hereunder shall in all events be subject to reduction, cancellation, forfeiture or recoupment to the extent necessary to comply with (i) any right that the Company may have under any Company clawback, forfeiture or recoupment policy as in effect from time to time or other agreement or arrangement with a grantee, or (ii) applicable law.
(h)Termination of Grant. Notwithstanding anything in the foregoing, the Administrator may, in its sole discretion, terminate an Award if the grantee has not electronically accepted the Award within six months of the Date of Grant.
SECTION 19.EFFECTIVE DATE OF PLAN
This Plan shall become effective upon the date immediately preceding the Registration Date subject to prior stockholder approval in accordance with applicable state law, the Company’s bylaws and articles of incorporation, and applicable stock exchange rules. No grants of Stock Options and other Awards may be made hereunder after the tenth anniversary of the Effective Date and no grants of Incentive Stock Options may be made hereunder after the tenth anniversary of the date the Plan is approved by the Board.
SECTION 20.GOVERNING LAW
This Plan and all Awards and actions taken thereunder shall be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware as to matters within the scope thereof, and as to all other matters shall be governed by and construed
in accordance with the internal laws of the State of California, applied without regard to conflict of law principles.
DATE APPROVED BY BOARD OF DIRECTORS: June 7, 2021
DATE APPROVED BY STOCKHOLDERS: June 7, 2021
INCENTIVE STOCK OPTION AGREEMENT
UNDER THE DOXIMITY, INC.
2021 STOCK OPTION AND INCENTIVE PLAN
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Name of Optionee:
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No. of Option Shares:
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Option Exercise Price per Share:
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$
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[FMV on Grant Date (110% of FMV if a 10% owner)]
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Grant Date:
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Vesting Commencement Date:
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Expiration Date:
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[up to 10 years (5 years if a 10% owner)]
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Pursuant to the Doximity, Inc. 2021 Stock Option and Incentive Plan as amended through the date hereof (the “Plan”), Doximity, Inc. (the “Company”) hereby grants to the Optionee named above an option (the “Stock Option”) to purchase on or prior to the Expiration Date specified above all or part of the number of shares of Class A Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share (the “Stock”), of the Company specified above at the Option Exercise Price per Share specified above subject to the terms and conditions set forth herein and in the Plan.
1.Exercisability Schedule. No portion of this Stock Option may be exercised until such portion shall have become exercisable. Except as set forth below, and subject to the discretion of the Administrator (as defined in Section 2 of the Plan) to accelerate the exercisability schedule hereunder, this Stock Option shall be exercisable with respect to the following number of Option Shares on the dates indicated so long as the Optionee remains an employee of the Company or a Subsidiary on such dates:
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Shares
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Vest Type
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Fully Vested
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Expiration
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(####)
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On Vest Date
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mm/dd/yyyy
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mm/dd/yyyy
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(####)
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Monthly
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mm/dd/yyyy
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mm/dd/yyyy
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Once exercisable, this Stock Option shall continue to be exercisable at any time or times prior to the close of business on the Expiration Date, subject to the provisions hereof and in the Plan.
2.Manner of Exercise.
(a)The Optionee may exercise this Stock Option only in the following manner: from time to time on or prior to the Expiration Date of this Stock Option, the Optionee
may give electronically executed notice of exercise to the Administrator of his or her election to purchase some or all of the Option Shares purchasable at the time of such notice (the “Exercise Notice”). This notice shall specify the number of Option Shares to be purchased.
Payment of the purchase price for the Option Shares may be made by one or more of the following methods: (i) in cash, by certified or bank check or other instrument acceptable to the Administrator; or (ii) by the Optionee delivering the Exercise Notice together with irrevocable instructions to a broker to promptly deliver to the Company funds acceptable to the Company to pay the option purchase price and/or applicable Tax-Related Items required to be withheld, provided that in the event the Optionee chooses to pay the option purchase price as so provided, the Optionee and the broker shall comply with such procedures and enter into such agreements of indemnity and other agreements as the Administrator shall prescribe as a condition of such payment procedure; or (iii) a combination of (i) and (ii) above. Payment instruments will be received subject to collection.
The transfer to the Optionee on the records of the Company or of the transfer agent of the Option Shares will be contingent upon (i) the Company’s receipt from the Optionee of the full purchase price and all applicable withholdings and Tax-Related Items, for the Option Shares, as set forth above, (ii) the fulfillment of any other requirements contained herein or in the Plan or in any other agreement or provision of laws, and (iii) the receipt by the Company of any agreement, statement or other evidence that the Company may require to satisfy itself that the issuance of Stock to be purchased pursuant to the exercise of Stock Options under the Plan and any subsequent resale of the shares of Stock will be in compliance with applicable laws and regulations.
(b)The shares of Stock purchased upon exercise of this Stock Option shall be transferred to the Optionee on the records of the Company or of the transfer agent upon compliance to the satisfaction of the Administrator with all requirements under applicable laws or regulations in connection with such transfer and with the requirements hereof and of the Plan. The determination of the Administrator as to such compliance shall be final and binding on the Optionee. The Optionee shall not be deemed to be the holder of, or to have any of the rights of a holder with respect to, any shares of Stock subject to this Stock Option unless and until this Stock Option shall have been exercised pursuant to the terms hereof, the Company or the transfer agent shall have transferred the shares to the Optionee, and the Optionee’s name shall have been entered as the stockholder of record on the books of the Company. Thereupon, the Optionee shall have full voting, dividend and other ownership rights with respect to such shares of Stock.
(c)Notwithstanding any other provision hereof or of the Plan, no portion of this Stock Option shall be exercisable after the Expiration Date hereof.
3.Responsibility for Taxes.
(a)Regardless of any action the Company or a Subsidiary employer takes with respect to any or all income tax, social insurance, payroll tax, fringe benefit, payment on account or other tax-related items related to Optionee’s participation in the Plan and legally applicable to Optionee or deemed by the Company or a Subsidiary employer to be an appropriate
charge to Optionee even if technically due by the Company or the Subsidiary employer (the “Tax-Related Items”), Optionee acknowledges and agrees that the ultimate liability for all Tax-Related Items is and remains Optionee’s responsibility and may exceed the amount actually withheld by the Company or the Subsidiary, if any. Optionee further acknowledges and agrees that the Company and/or the Subsidiary employer:
(i)make no representations or undertakings regarding the treatment of any Tax-Related Items in connection with any aspect of Optionee’s participation in the Plan, including, but not limited to, the grant of the Stock Option, the exercise of the Stock Option, the subsequent sale of any Shares acquired pursuant to the Option and the receipt of any dividends;
(ii)do not commit to and are under no obligation to structure the terms of the Stock Option to reduce or eliminate Optionee’s liability for Tax-Related Items or achieve any particular tax result; and
(iii)if Optionee has become subject to tax in more than one jurisdiction between the date the Stock Option is granted and the date of any relevant taxable or tax withholding event, Optionee acknowledges that the Company and/or the Subsidiary may be required to withhold or account for Tax-Related Items in more than one jurisdiction.
(b)Prior to the relevant taxable or taxable withholding event, as applicable, Optionee agrees to pay or make adequate arrangements satisfactory to the Company and/or the Subsidiary to satisfy all Tax-Related Items required to be withheld. In this regard, Optionee authorizes the Company and/or the Subsidiary, or their respective agents, at their discretion, to satisfy the obligations with regard to all Tax-Related Items.
(c)Tax Withholding. The Optionee shall, not later than the date as of which the exercise of this Stock Option becomes a taxable event for federal income tax purposes, pay to the Company or make arrangements satisfactory to the Administrator for payment of any Tax-Related Items to be withheld on account of such taxable event. The Company shall have the authority to cause the Tax-Related Items to be satisfied, in whole or in part, by (i) withholding from shares of Stock to be issued to the Optionee, a number of shares of Stock with an aggregate Fair Market Value that would satisfy the withholding amount due; or (ii) causing its designated broker to sell from the number of shares of Stock to be issued to the Optionee, the number of shares of Stock necessary to satisfy the Tax-Related Items to be withheld from the Optionee on account of such transfer. It is the Company’s intent that the mandatory sale to cover withholding obligations for Tax-Related Items imposed by the Company on Optionee in connection with the receipt of this Stock Option comply with the requirements of Rule 10b5-1(c)(1)(i)(B) under the Exchange Act and be interpreted to comply with the requirements of Rule 10b5-1(c). Depending on the withholding method, the Company or a Subsidiary may withhold or account for Tax-Related Items by considering applicable minimum statutory withholding amounts or other applicable withholding rates, including maximum applicable rates. In the event of over-withholding, you may receive a refund of any over-withheld amount in cash (and will have no entitlement to the Common Stock equivalent) or, if not refunded, may seek a refund from the local tax authorities. If the obligation for Tax-Related Items is satisfied by withholding in shares
of Common Stock, for tax purposes, Optionee is deemed to have been issued the full number of shares of Common Stock subject to the exercised Stock Option notwithstanding that a number of the shares of Common Stock are held back solely for the purpose of paying the Tax-Related Items.
4.Termination of Employment. If the Optionee’s employment with the Company or a Subsidiary (as defined in the Plan) terminates, the period within which to exercise the Stock Option may be subject to earlier termination as set forth below.
(a)Termination Due to Death. If the Optionee’s employment with the Company or a Subsidiary terminates by reason of the Optionee’s death, any portion of this Stock Option outstanding on such date, to the extent exercisable on the date of death, may thereafter be exercised by the Optionee’s legal representative or legatee for a period of 12 months from the date of death or until the Expiration Date, if earlier. Any portion of this Stock Option that is not exercisable on the date of death shall terminate immediately and be of no further force or effect.
(b)Termination Due to Disability. If the Optionee’s employment with the Company or a Subsidiary terminates by reason of the Optionee’s disability (as determined by the Administrator), any portion of this Stock Option outstanding on such date, to the extent exercisable on the date of such termination, may thereafter be exercised by the Optionee for a period of 12 months from the date of disability or until the Expiration Date, if earlier. Any portion of this Stock Option that is not exercisable on the date of disability shall terminate immediately and be of no further force or effect.
(c)Termination for Cause. If the Optionee’s employment with the Company or a Subsidiary terminates for Cause, any vesting of this Stock Option shall cease immediately, but any portion of this Stock Option vested and outstanding on such date shall be exercisable for up to three months from the date of termination. For purposes hereof, “Cause” shall mean, unless otherwise provided in an employment or other service agreement between the Company and the Optionee, a determination by the Administrator that the Optionee shall be dismissed as a result of (i) any material breach by the Optionee of any agreement between the Optionee and the Company; (ii) the conviction of, indictment for or plea of nolo contendere by the Optionee to a felony or a crime involving moral turpitude; or (iii) any material misconduct or willful and deliberate non-performance (other than by reason of disability) by the Optionee of the Optionee’s duties to the Company.
(d)Other Termination. If the Optionee’s employment with the Company or a Subsidiary terminates for any reason other than the Optionee’s death, the Optionee’s disability, or Cause, and unless otherwise determined by the Administrator, any portion of this Stock Option outstanding on such date may be exercised, to the extent exercisable on the date of termination, for a period of three months from the date of termination or until the Expiration Date, if earlier. Any portion of this Stock Option that is not exercisable on the date of termination shall terminate immediately and be of no further force or effect.
The Administrator’s determination of the reason for termination of the Optionee’s employment with the Company or a Subsidiary shall be conclusive and binding on the Optionee and his or her representatives or legatees.
5.Incorporation of Plan. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, this Stock Option shall be subject to and governed by all the terms and conditions of the Plan, including the powers of the Administrator set forth in Section 2(b) of the Plan. Capitalized terms in this Agreement shall have the meaning specified in the Plan, unless a different meaning is specified herein.
6.Transferability. This Agreement is personal to the Optionee, is non-assignable and is not transferable in any manner, by operation of law or otherwise, other than by will or the laws of descent and distribution. This Stock Option is exercisable, during the Optionee’s lifetime, only by the Optionee, and thereafter, only by the Optionee’s legal representative or legatee.
7.Status of the Stock Option. This Stock Option is intended to qualify as an “incentive stock option” under Section 422 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), but the Company does not represent or warrant that this Stock Option qualifies as such. The Optionee should consult with his or her own tax advisors regarding the tax effects of this Stock Option and the requirements necessary to obtain favorable income tax treatment under Section 422 of the Code, including, but not limited to, holding period requirements and that this Stock Option must be exercised within three months after termination of employment as an employee (or 12 months in the case of death or disability) to qualify as an “incentive stock option.” To the extent any portion of this Stock Option does not so qualify as an “incentive stock option,” such portion shall be deemed to be a non-qualified stock option. If the Optionee intends to dispose or does dispose (whether by sale, gift, transfer or otherwise) of any Option Shares within the one-year period beginning on the date after the transfer of such shares to him or her, or within the two-year period beginning on the day after the grant of this Stock Option, he or she will so notify the Company within 30 days after such disposition. Further, to the extent this Stock Option and any other incentive stock options of the Optionee having an aggregate fair market value in excess of $100,000 (determined as of the grant date of such options) first become exercisable in any year, such options will not qualify as incentive stock options. In order to maintain the incentive stock option status of this Stock Option, the Plan broker restricts transfer of the shares of Stock underlying this Stock Option for two years from the date of grant and one year from the date of exercise.
8.No Obligation to Continue Employment. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary is obligated by or as a result of the Plan or this Agreement to continue the Optionee in employment with the Company or a Subsidiary and neither the Plan nor this Agreement shall interfere in any way with the right of the Company or any Subsidiary to terminate the Optionee’s employment at any time.
9.Integration. This Agreement, including, without limitation, all exhibits attached hereto, constitutes the entire agreement between the parties with respect to this Stock Option and
supersedes all prior agreements and discussions between the parties concerning such subject matter.
10.Data Privacy Consent. In order to administer the Plan and this Agreement and to implement or structure future equity grants, the Company, its subsidiaries and affiliates and certain agents thereof (together, the “Relevant Companies”) may process any and all personal or professional data, including but not limited to Social Security or other identification number, home address and telephone number, date of birth and other information that is necessary or desirable for the administration of the Plan and/or this Agreement (the “Relevant Information”). By entering into this Agreement, the Optionee (i) authorizes the Company to collect, process, register and transfer to the Relevant Companies all Relevant Information; (ii) waives any privacy rights the Optionee may have with respect to the Relevant Information; (iii) authorizes the Relevant Companies to store and transmit such information in electronic form; and (iv) authorizes the transfer of the Relevant Information to any jurisdiction in which the Relevant Companies consider appropriate. The Optionee shall have access to, and the right to change, the Relevant Information. Relevant Information will only be used in accordance with applicable law.
11.Electronic Delivery of Notices. The Company may, in its sole discretion, decide to deliver any documents and notices related to the Stock Option granted under the Plan by electronic means or to request Optionee’s consent to participate in the Plan by electronic means. Optionee hereby consents to receive such documents by electronic delivery and to agree to participate in the Plan through an on-line or electronic system established.
12.Accepting the Grant. In order to receive the Stock Option, the Optionee must acknowledge and accept the terms and conditions of the Plan and the Agreement electronically using the E*TRADE system. By electronically accepting the Stock Option in the E*TRADE system, the Optionee is acknowledging that he/she has reviewed, understood and agrees to the terms of the Plan and the Agreement and the Optionee's intent to electronically sign the Agreement. If the Optionee does not accept the Stock Option electronically in the E*TRADE system within six months, the Company will cancel the Stock Option in its entirety, without any requirement to provide notice to the Optionee, and it will cease to appear in the Optionee's E*TRADE account or otherwise be outstanding. It is solely the Optionee's responsibility to accept the Stock Option. By clicking on the “Accept” button, the Optionee confirms having read and understood the documents relating to this grant, including Section 10 of this Agreement entitled Data Privacy Consent, which were provided to you in the English language. The Optionee accepts the terms of those documents accordingly.
NON-QUALIFIED STOCK OPTION AGREEMENT
FOR COMPANY EMPLOYEES
UNDER THE DOXIMITY, INC.
2021 STOCK OPTION AND INCENTIVE PLAN
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Name of Optionee:
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No. of Option Shares:
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Option Exercise Price per Share:
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$
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[FMV on Grant Date]
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Grant Date:
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Vesting Commencement Date:
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Expiration Date:
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Pursuant to the Doximity, Inc. 2021 Stock Option and Incentive Plan as amended through the date hereof (the “Plan”), Doximity, Inc. (the “Company”) hereby grants to the Optionee named above an option (the “Stock Option”) to purchase on or prior to the Expiration Date specified above all or part of the number of shares of Class A Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share (the “Stock”) of the Company specified above at the Option Exercise Price per Share specified above subject to the terms and conditions set forth herein and in the Plan. This Stock Option is not intended to be an “incentive stock option” under Section 422 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.
1.Exercisability Schedule. No portion of this Stock Option may be exercised until such portion shall have become exercisable. Except as set forth below, and subject to the discretion of the Administrator (as defined in Section 2 of the Plan) to accelerate the exercisability schedule hereunder, this Stock Option shall be exercisable with respect to the following number of Option Shares on the dates indicated so long as Optionee remains an employee of the Company or a Subsidiary on such dates:
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Shares
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Vest Type
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Full Vested
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Expiration
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(####)
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On Vest Date
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mm/dd/yyyy
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mm/dd/yyyy
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(####)
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Monthly
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mm/dd/yyyy
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mm/dd/yyyy
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In the event that a Sale Event occurs while the Optionee remains in service, and the successor company does not assume or substitute this Stock Option, then this Stock Option shall automatically accelerate and become fully vested and exercisable. Once exercisable, this Stock Option shall continue to be exercisable at any time or times prior to the close of business on the Expiration Date, subject to the provisions hereof and of the Plan.
2.Manner of Exercise.
(a)The Optionee may exercise this Stock Option only in the following manner: from time to time on or prior to the Expiration Date of this Stock Option, the Optionee may give electronically executed notice of exercise to the Administrator of his or her election to purchase some or all of the Option Shares purchasable at the time of such notice (the “Exercise Notice”). This notice shall specify the number of Option Shares to be purchased.
Payment of the purchase price for the Option Shares may be made by one or more of the following methods: (i) in cash, by certified or bank check or other instrument acceptable to the Administrator; or (ii) by the Optionee delivering the Exercise Notice together with irrevocable instructions to a broker to promptly deliver to the Company funds acceptable to the Company to pay the option purchase price and/or applicable Tax-Related Items required to be withheld, provided that in the event the Optionee chooses to pay the option purchase price as so provided, the Optionee and the broker shall comply with such procedures and enter into such agreements of indemnity and other agreements as the Administrator shall prescribe as a condition of such payment procedure; or (iii) a combination of (i) and (ii) above. Payment instruments will be received subject to collection.
The transfer to the Optionee on the records of the Company or of the transfer agent of the Option Shares will be contingent upon (i) the Company’s receipt from the Optionee of the full purchase price and all applicable withholdings and Tax-Related Items, for the Option Shares, as set forth above, (ii) the fulfillment of any other requirements contained herein or in the Plan or in any other agreement or provision of laws, and (iii) the receipt by the Company of any agreement, statement or other evidence that the Company may require to satisfy itself that the issuance of Stock to be purchased pursuant to the exercise of Stock Options under the Plan and any subsequent resale of the shares of Stock will be in compliance with applicable laws and regulations.
(b)The shares of Stock purchased upon exercise of this Stock Option shall be transferred to the Optionee on the records of the Company or of the transfer agent upon compliance to the satisfaction of the Administrator with all requirements under applicable laws or regulations in connection with such transfer and with the requirements hereof and of the Plan. The determination of the Administrator as to such compliance shall be final and binding on the Optionee. The Optionee shall not be deemed to be the holder of, or to have any of the rights of a holder with respect to, any shares of Stock subject to this Stock Option unless and until this Stock Option shall have been exercised pursuant to the terms hereof, the Company or the transfer agent shall have transferred the shares to the Optionee, and the Optionee’s name shall have been entered as the stockholder of record on the books of the Company. Thereupon, the Optionee shall have full voting, dividend and other ownership rights with respect to such shares of Stock.
(c)Notwithstanding any other provision hereof or of the Plan, no portion of this Stock Option shall be exercisable after the Expiration Date hereof.
3.Responsibility for Taxes.
(a)Regardless of any action the Company or a Subsidiary employer takes with respect to any or all income tax, social insurance, payroll tax, fringe benefit, payment on account or other tax-related items related to Optionee’s participation in the Plan and legally applicable to Optionee or deemed by the Company or a Subsidiary employer to be an appropriate charge to Optionee even if technically due by the Company or the Subsidiary employer (the “Tax-Related Items”), Optionee acknowledges and agrees that the ultimate liability for all Tax-Related Items is and remains Optionee’s responsibility and may exceed the amount actually withheld by the Company or the Subsidiary, if any. Optionee further acknowledges and agrees that the Company and/or the Subsidiary employer:
(i)make no representations or undertakings regarding the treatment of any Tax-Related Items in connection with any aspect of Optionee’s participation in the Plan, including, but not limited to, the grant of the Stock Option, the exercise of the Stock Option, the subsequent sale of any Shares acquired pursuant to the Option and the receipt of any dividends;
(ii)do not commit to and are under no obligation to structure the terms of the Stock Option to reduce or eliminate Optionee’s liability for Tax-Related Items or achieve any particular tax result; and
(iii)if Optionee has become subject to tax in more than one jurisdiction between the date the Stock Option is granted and the date of any relevant taxable or tax withholding event, Optionee acknowledges that the Company and/or the Subsidiary may be required to withhold or account for Tax-Related Items in more than one jurisdiction.
(b)Prior to the relevant taxable or taxable withholding event, as applicable, Optionee agrees to pay or make adequate arrangements satisfactory to the Company and/or the Subsidiary to satisfy all Tax-Related Items required to be withheld. In this regard, Optionee authorizes the Company and/or the Subsidiary, or their respective agents, at their discretion, to satisfy the obligations with regard to all Tax-Related Items.
(c)Tax Withholding. The Optionee shall, not later than the date as of which the exercise of this Stock Option becomes a taxable event for federal income tax purposes, pay to the Company or make arrangements satisfactory to the Administrator for payment of any Tax-Related Items to be withheld on account of such taxable event. The Company shall have the authority to cause the Tax-Related Items to be satisfied, in whole or in part, by (i) withholding from shares of Stock to be issued to the Optionee, a number of shares of Stock with an aggregate Fair Market Value that would satisfy the withholding amount due; or (ii) causing its designated broker to sell from the number of shares of Stock to be issued to the Optionee, the number of shares of Stock necessary to satisfy the Tax-Related Items to be withheld from the Optionee on account of such transfer. It is the Company’s intent that the mandatory sale to cover withholding obligations for Tax-Related Items imposed by the Company on Optionee in connection with the receipt of this Stock Option comply with the requirements of Rule 10b5-1(c)(1)(i)(B) under the Exchange Act and be interpreted to comply with the requirements of Rule 10b5-1(c). Depending
on the withholding method, the Company or a Subsidiary may withhold or account for Tax-Related Items by considering applicable minimum statutory withholding amounts or other applicable withholding rates, including maximum applicable rates. In the event of over-withholding, you may receive a refund of any over-withheld amount in cash (and will have no entitlement to the Common Stock equivalent) or, if not refunded, may seek a refund from the local tax authorities. If the obligation for Tax-Related Items is satisfied by withholding in shares of Common Stock, for tax purposes, Optionee is deemed to have been issued the full number of shares of Common Stock subject to the exercised Stock Option notwithstanding that a number of the shares of Common Stock are held back solely for the purpose of paying the Tax-Related Items.
4.Termination of Employment. If the Optionee’s employment with the Company or a Subsidiary (as defined in the Plan) terminates, the period within which to exercise the Stock Option may be subject to earlier termination as set forth below.
(a)Termination Due to Death. If the Optionee’s employment terminates by reason of the Optionee’s death, any portion of this Stock Option outstanding on such date, to the extent exercisable on the date of death, may thereafter be exercised by the Optionee’s legal representative or legatee for a period of 12 months from the date of death or until the Expiration Date, if earlier. Any portion of this Stock Option that is not exercisable on the date of death shall terminate immediately and be of no further force or effect.
(b)Termination Due to Disability. If the Optionee’s employment terminates by reason of the Optionee’s disability (as determined by the Administrator), any portion of this Stock Option outstanding on such date, to the extent exercisable on the date of such termination, may thereafter be exercised by the Optionee for a period of 12 months from the date of disability or until the Expiration Date, if earlier. Any portion of this Stock Option that is not exercisable on the date of disability shall terminate immediately and be of no further force or effect.
(c)Termination for Cause. If the Optionee’s employment terminates for Cause, any portion of this Stock Option outstanding on such date shall terminate immediately and be of no further force and effect. For purposes hereof, “Cause” shall mean, unless otherwise provided in an employment or other service agreement between the Company and the Optionee, a determination by the Administrator that the Optionee shall be dismissed as a result of (i) any material breach by the Optionee of any agreement between the Optionee and the Company; (ii) the conviction of, indictment for or plea of nolo contendere by the Optionee to a felony or a crime involving moral turpitude; or (iii) any material misconduct or willful and deliberate non-performance (other than by reason of disability) by the Optionee of the Optionee’s duties to the Company.
(d)Other Termination. If the Optionee’s employment terminates for any reason other than the Optionee’s death, the Optionee’s disability or Cause, and unless otherwise determined by the Administrator, any portion of this Stock Option outstanding on such date may be exercised, to the extent exercisable on the date of termination, for a period of three months from the date of termination or until the Expiration Date, if earlier. Any portion of this Stock
Option that is not exercisable on the date of termination shall terminate immediately and be of no further force or effect.
The Administrator’s determination of the reason for termination of the Optionee’s employment shall be conclusive and binding on the Optionee and his or her representatives or legatees.
5.Incorporation of Plan. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, this Stock Option shall be subject to and governed by all the terms and conditions of the Plan, including the powers of the Administrator set forth in Section 2(b) of the Plan. Capitalized terms in this Agreement shall have the meaning specified in the Plan, unless a different meaning is specified herein.
6.Transferability. This Agreement is personal to the Optionee, is non-assignable and is not transferable in any manner, by operation of law or otherwise, other than by will or the laws of descent and distribution. This Stock Option is exercisable, during the Optionee’s lifetime, only by the Optionee, and thereafter, only by the Optionee’s legal representative or legatee.
7.No Obligation to Continue Employment. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary is obligated by or as a result of the Plan or this Agreement to continue the Optionee in employment with the Company or a Subsidiary and neither the Plan nor this Agreement shall interfere in any way with the right of the Company or any Subsidiary to terminate the employment of the Optionee at any time.
8.Integration. This Agreement, including, without limitation, all exhibits attached hereto, constitutes the entire agreement between the parties with respect to this Stock Option and supersedes all prior agreements and discussions between the parties concerning such subject matter.
9.Data Privacy Consent. In order to administer the Plan and this Agreement and to implement or structure future equity grants, the Company, its subsidiaries and affiliates and certain agents thereof (together, the “Relevant Companies”) may process any and all personal or professional data, including but not limited to Social Security or other identification number, home address and telephone number, date of birth and other information that is necessary or desirable for the administration of the Plan and/or this Agreement (the “Relevant Information”). By entering into this Agreement, the Optionee (i) authorizes the Company to collect, process, register and transfer to the Relevant Companies all Relevant Information; (ii) waives any privacy rights the Optionee may have with respect to the Relevant Information; (iii) authorizes the Relevant Companies to store and transmit such information in electronic form; and (iv) authorizes the transfer of the Relevant Information to any jurisdiction in which the Relevant Companies consider appropriate. The Optionee shall have access to, and the right to change, the Relevant Information. Relevant Information will only be used in accordance with applicable law.
10.Electronic Delivery of Notices. The Company may, in its sole discretion, decide to deliver any documents and notices related to the Stock Option granted under the Plan by electronic means or to request Optionee’s consent to participate in the Plan by electronic means. Optionee hereby consents to receive such documents by electronic delivery and to agree to participate in the Plan through an on-line or electronic system established.
11.Accepting the Grant. In order to receive the Stock Option, the Optionee must acknowledge and accept the terms and conditions of the Plan and the Agreement electronically using the E*TRADE system. By electronically accepting the Stock Option in the E*TRADE system, the Optionee is acknowledging that he/she has reviewed, understood and agrees to the terms of the Plan and the Agreement and the Optionee's intent to electronically sign the Agreement. If the Optionee does not accept the Stock Option electronically in the E*TRADE system within six months, the Company will cancel the Stock Option in its entirety, without any requirement to provide notice to the Optionee, and it will cease to appear in the Optionee's E*TRADE account or otherwise be outstanding. It is solely the Optionee's responsibility to accept the Stock Option. By clicking on the “Accept” button, the Optionee confirms having read and understood the documents relating to this grant, including Section 9 of this Agreement entitled Data Privacy Consent, which were provided to you in the English language. The Optionee accepts the terms of those documents accordingly.
NON-QUALIFIED STOCK OPTION AGREEMENT
FOR NON-EMPLOYEE DIRECTORS
UNDER THE DOXIMITY, INC.
2021 STOCK OPTION AND INCENTIVE PLAN
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Name of Optionee:
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No. of Option Shares:
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Option Exercise Price per Share:
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$
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[FMV on Grant Date]
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Grant Date:
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Vesting Commencement Date:
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Expiration Date:
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[No more than 10 years]
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Pursuant to the Doximity, Inc. 2021 Stock Option and Incentive Plan as amended through the date hereof (the “Plan”), Doximity, Inc. (the “Company”) hereby grants to the Optionee named above, who is a Non-Employee Director of the Company but is not an employee of the Company, an option (the “Stock Option”) to purchase on or prior to the Expiration Date specified above all or part of the number of shares of Class A Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share (the “Stock”), of the Company specified above at the Option Exercise Price per Share specified above subject to the terms and conditions set forth herein and in the Plan. This Stock Option is not intended to be an “incentive stock option” under Section 422 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.
1.Exercisability Schedule. No portion of this Stock Option may be exercised until such portion shall have become exercisable. Except as set forth below, and subject to the discretion of the Administrator (as defined in Section 2 of the Plan) to accelerate the exercisability schedule hereunder, this Stock Option shall be exercisable with respect to the following number of Option Shares on the dates indicated so long as the Optionee remains in service as a member of the Board on such dates:
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Shares
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Vest Type
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Fully Vested
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Expiration
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(####)
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On Vest Date
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mm/dd/yyyy
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mm/dd/yyyy
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(####)
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Monthly
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mm/dd/yyyy
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mm/dd/yyyy
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In the event that a Sale Event occurs while the Optionee remains in service, and the successor company does not assume or substitute this Stock Option, then this Stock Option shall automatically accelerate and become fully vested and exercisable. Once exercisable, this Stock
Option shall continue to be exercisable at any time or times prior to the close of business on the Expiration Date, subject to the provisions hereof and of the Plan.
2.Manner of Exercise.
(a)The Optionee may exercise this Stock Option only in the following manner: from time to time on or prior to the Expiration Date of this Stock Option, the Optionee may give electronically executed notice of exercise to the Administrator of his or her election to purchase some or all of the Option Shares purchasable at the time of such notice (the “Exercise Notice”). This notice shall specify the number of Option Shares to be purchased.
Payment of the purchase price for the Option Shares may be made by one or more of the following methods: (i) in cash, by certified or bank check or other instrument acceptable to the Administrator; or (ii) by the Optionee delivering the Exercise Notice together with irrevocable instructions to a broker to promptly deliver to the Company funds acceptable to the Company to pay the option purchase price and/or applicable Tax-Related Items required to be withheld, provided that in the event the Optionee chooses to pay the option purchase price as so provided, the Optionee and the broker shall comply with such procedures and enter into such agreements of indemnity and other agreements as the Administrator shall prescribe as a condition of such payment procedure; or (iii) a combination of (i) and (ii) above. Payment instruments will be received subject to collection.
The transfer to the Optionee on the records of the Company or of the transfer agent of the Option Shares will be contingent upon (i) the Company’s receipt from the Optionee of the full purchase price and all applicable withholdings and Tax-Related Items, for the Option Shares, as set forth above, (ii) the fulfillment of any other requirements contained herein or in the Plan or in any other agreement or provision of laws, and (iii) the receipt by the Company of any agreement, statement or other evidence that the Company may require to satisfy itself that the issuance of Stock to be purchased pursuant to the exercise of Stock Options under the Plan and any subsequent resale of the shares of Stock will be in compliance with applicable laws and regulations.
(b)The shares of Stock purchased upon exercise of this Stock Option shall be transferred to the Optionee on the records of the Company or of the transfer agent upon compliance to the satisfaction of the Administrator with all requirements under applicable laws or regulations in connection with such transfer and with the requirements hereof and of the Plan. The determination of the Administrator as to such compliance shall be final and binding on the Optionee. The Optionee shall not be deemed to be the holder of, or to have any of the rights of a holder with respect to, any shares of Stock subject to this Stock Option unless and until this Stock Option shall have been exercised pursuant to the terms hereof, the Company or the transfer agent shall have transferred the shares to the Optionee, and the Optionee’s name shall have been entered as the stockholder of record on the books of the Company. Thereupon, the Optionee shall have full voting, dividend and other ownership rights with respect to such shares of Stock.
(c)Notwithstanding any other provision hereof or of the Plan, no portion of this Stock Option shall be exercisable after the Expiration Date hereof.
3.Responsibility for Taxes.
(a)Regardless of any action the Company or a Subsidiary employer takes with respect to any or all income tax, social insurance, payroll tax, fringe benefit, payment on account or other tax-related items related to Optionee’s participation in the Plan and legally applicable to Optionee or deemed by the Company or a Subsidiary employer to be an appropriate charge to Optionee even if technically due by the Company or the Subsidiary employer (the “Tax-Related Items”), Optionee acknowledges and agrees that the ultimate liability for all Tax-Related Items is and remains Optionee’s responsibility and may exceed the amount actually withheld by the Company or the Subsidiary, if any. Optionee further acknowledges and agrees that the Company and/or the Subsidiary employer:
(i)make no representations or undertakings regarding the treatment of any Tax-Related Items in connection with any aspect of Optionee’s participation in the Plan, including, but not limited to, the grant of the Stock Option, the exercise of the Stock Option, the subsequent sale of any Shares acquired pursuant to the Option and the receipt of any dividends;
(ii)do not commit to and are under no obligation to structure the terms of the Stock Option to reduce or eliminate Optionee’s liability for Tax-Related Items or achieve any particular tax result; and
(iii)if Optionee has become subject to tax in more than one jurisdiction between the date the Stock Option is granted and the date of any relevant taxable or tax withholding event, Optionee acknowledges that the Company and/or the Subsidiary may be required to withhold or account for Tax-Related Items in more than one jurisdiction.
(b)Prior to the relevant taxable or taxable withholding event, as applicable, Optionee agrees to pay or make adequate arrangements satisfactory to the Company and/or the Subsidiary to satisfy all Tax-Related Items required to be withheld. In this regard, Optionee authorizes the Company and/or the Subsidiary, or their respective agents, at their discretion, to satisfy the obligations with regard to all Tax-Related Items.
(c)Tax Withholding. The Optionee shall, not later than the date as of which the exercise of this Stock Option becomes a taxable event for federal income tax purposes, pay to the Company or make arrangements satisfactory to the Administrator for payment of any Tax-Related Items to be withheld on account of such taxable event. The Company shall have the authority to cause the Tax-Related Items to be satisfied, in whole or in part, by (i) withholding from shares of Stock to be issued to the Optionee, a number of shares of Stock with an aggregate Fair Market Value that would satisfy the withholding amount due; or (ii) causing its designated broker to sell from the number of shares of Stock to be issued to the Optionee, the number of shares of Stock necessary to satisfy the Tax-Related Items to be withheld from the Optionee on account of such transfer. It is the Company’s intent that the mandatory sale to cover withholding obligations for Tax-Related Items imposed by the Company on Optionee in connection with the receipt of this Stock Option comply with the requirements of Rule 10b5-1(c)(1)(i)(B) under the Exchange Act and be interpreted to comply with the requirements of Rule 10b5-1(c). Depending
on the withholding method, the Company or a Subsidiary may withhold or account for Tax-Related Items by considering applicable minimum statutory withholding amounts or other applicable withholding rates, including maximum applicable rates. In the event of over-withholding, you may receive a refund of any over-withheld amount in cash (and will have no entitlement to the Common Stock equivalent) or, if not refunded, may seek a refund from the local tax authorities. If the obligation for Tax-Related Items is satisfied by withholding in shares of Common Stock, for tax purposes, Optionee is deemed to have been issued the full number of shares of Common Stock subject to the exercised Stock Option notwithstanding that a number of the shares of Common Stock are held back solely for the purpose of paying the Tax-Related Items.
(d)Termination of Director. If the Optionee ceases to be a Director of the Company, the period within which to exercise the Stock Option may be subject to earlier termination as set forth below.
(a)Termination Due to Death. If the Optionee’s service as a Director terminates by reason of the Optionee’s death, any portion of this Stock Option outstanding on such date, to the extent exercisable on the date of death, may thereafter be exercised by the Optionee’s legal representative or legatee for a period of 12 months from the date of death or until the Expiration Date, if earlier. Any portion of this Stock Option that is not exercisable on the date of death shall terminate immediately and be of no further force or effect.
(b)Other Termination. If the Optionee ceases to be a Director for any reason other than the Optionee’s death, any portion of this Stock Option outstanding on such date may be exercised, to the extent exercisable on the date the Optionee ceased to be a Director, for a period of 12 months from the date the Optionee ceased to be a Director or until the Expiration Date, if earlier. Any portion of this Stock Option that is not exercisable on the date the Optionee ceases to be a Director shall terminate immediately and be of no further force or effect.
4.Incorporation of Plan. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, this Stock Option shall be subject to and governed by all the terms and conditions of the Plan, including the powers of the Administrator set forth in Section 2(b) of the Plan. Capitalized terms in this Agreement shall have the meaning specified in the Plan, unless a different meaning is specified herein.
5.Transferability. This Agreement is personal to the Optionee, is non-assignable and is not transferable in any manner, by operation of law or otherwise, other than by will or the laws of descent and distribution. This Stock Option is exercisable, during the Optionee’s lifetime, only by the Optionee, and thereafter, only by the Optionee’s legal representative or legatee.
6.No Obligation to Continue as a Director. Neither the Plan nor this Stock Option confers upon the Optionee any rights with respect to continuance as a Director.
7.Integration. This Agreement, including, without limitation, all exhibits attached hereto, constitutes the entire agreement between the parties with respect to this Stock Option and
supersedes all prior agreements and discussions between the parties concerning such subject matter.
8.Data Privacy Consent. In order to administer the Plan and this Agreement and to implement or structure future equity grants, the Company, its subsidiaries and affiliates and certain agents thereof (together, the “Relevant Companies”) may process any and all personal or professional data, including but not limited to Social Security or other identification number, home address and telephone number, date of birth and other information that is necessary or desirable for the administration of the Plan and/or this Agreement (the “Relevant Information”). By entering into this Agreement, the Optionee (i) authorizes the Company to collect, process, register and transfer to the Relevant Companies all Relevant Information; (ii) waives any privacy rights the Optionee may have with respect to the Relevant Information; (iii) authorizes the Relevant Companies to store and transmit such information in electronic form; and (iv) authorizes the transfer of the Relevant Information to any jurisdiction in which the Relevant Companies consider appropriate. The Optionee shall have access to, and the right to change, the Relevant Information. Relevant Information will only be used in accordance with applicable law.
9.Electronic Delivery of Notices. The Company may, in its sole discretion, decide to deliver any documents and notices related to the Stock Option granted under the Plan by electronic means or to request Optionee’s consent to participate in the Plan by electronic means. Optionee hereby consents to receive such documents by electronic delivery and to agree to participate in the Plan through an on-line or electronic system established.
10.Accepting the Grant. In order to receive the Stock Option, the Optionee must acknowledge and accept the terms and conditions of the Plan and the Agreement electronically using the E*TRADE system. By electronically accepting the Stock Option in the E*TRADE system, the Optionee is acknowledging that he/she has reviewed, understood and agrees to the terms of the Plan and the Agreement and the Optionee's intent to electronically sign the Agreement. If the Optionee does not accept the Stock Option electronically in the E*TRADE system within six months, the Company will cancel the Stock Option in its entirety, without any requirement to provide notice to the Optionee, and it will cease to appear in the Optionee's E*TRADE account or otherwise be outstanding. It is solely the Optionee's responsibility to accept the Stock Option. By clicking on the “Accept” button, the Optionee confirms having read and understood the documents relating to this grant, including Section 8 of this Agreement entitled Data Privacy Consent, which were provided to you in the English language. The Optionee accepts the terms of those documents accordingly.
RESTRICTED STOCK UNIT AWARD AGREEMENT
FOR COMPANY EMPLOYEES
UNDER THE DOXIMITY, INC.
2021 STOCK OPTION AND INCENTIVE PLAN
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Name of Grantee:
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No. of Restricted Stock Units:
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Grant Date:
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Vesting Commencement Date:
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Pursuant to the Doximity, Inc. 2021 Stock Option and Incentive Plan as amended through the date hereof (the “Plan”), Doximity, Inc. (the “Company”) hereby grants an award of the number of Restricted Stock Units listed above (an “Award”) to the Grantee named above. Each Restricted Stock Unit shall relate to one share of Class A Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share (the “Stock”) of the Company.
1.Restrictions on Transfer of Award. This Award may not be sold, transferred, pledged, assigned or otherwise encumbered or disposed of by the Grantee, and any shares of Stock issuable with respect to the Award may not be sold, transferred, pledged, assigned or otherwise encumbered or disposed of until (i) the Restricted Stock Units have vested as provided in Paragraph 2 of this Agreement and (ii) shares of Stock have been issued to the Grantee in accordance with the terms of the Plan and this Agreement.
2.Vesting of Restricted Stock Units. The restrictions and conditions of Paragraph 1 of this Agreement shall lapse on the Vesting Date or Dates specified in the following schedule so long as the Grantee remains an employee of the Company or a Subsidiary on such Dates. If a series of Vesting Dates is specified, then the restrictions and conditions in Paragraph 1 shall lapse only with respect to the number of Restricted Stock Units specified as vested on such date.
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Shares
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Vest Type
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Full Vested
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Expiration
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(####)
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On Vest Date
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mm/dd/yyyy
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mm/dd/yyyy
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(####)
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Monthly
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mm/dd/yyyy
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mm/dd/yyyy
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The Administrator may at any time accelerate the vesting schedule specified in this Paragraph 2.
3.Termination of Employment. If the Grantee’s employment with the Company and its Subsidiaries terminates for any reason (including death or disability) prior to the satisfaction of the vesting conditions set forth in Paragraph 2 above, any Restricted Stock Units that have not vested as of such date shall automatically and without notice terminate and be forfeited, and neither the Grantee nor any of his or her successors, heirs, assigns, or personal representatives will thereafter have any further rights or interests in such unvested Restricted Stock Units.
4.Issuance of Shares of Stock. As soon as practicable following each Vesting Date (but in no event later than two and one-half months after the end of the year in which the Vesting Date occurs), the Company shall issue to the Grantee the number of shares of Stock equal to the aggregate number of Restricted Stock Units that have vested pursuant to Paragraph 2 of this Agreement on such date and the Grantee shall thereafter have all the rights of a stockholder of the Company with respect to such shares.
5.Incorporation of Plan. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, this Agreement shall be subject to and governed by all the terms and conditions of the Plan, including the powers of the Administrator set forth in Section 2(b) of the Plan. Capitalized terms in this Agreement shall have the meaning specified in the Plan, unless a different meaning is specified herein.
6.Responsibility for Taxes.
(a)Regardless of any action the Company or a Subsidiary employer takes with respect to any or all income tax, social insurance, payroll tax, fringe benefit, payment on account or other tax-related items related to Grantee’s participation in the Plan and legally applicable to Grantee or deemed by the Company or a Subsidiary employer to be an appropriate charge to Grantee even if technically due by the Company or the Subsidiary employer (the “Tax-Related Items”), Grantee acknowledges and agrees that the ultimate liability for all Tax-Related Items is and remains Grantee’s responsibility and may exceed the amount actually withheld by the Company or the Subsidiary, if any. Grantee further acknowledges and agrees that the Company and/or the Subsidiary employer:
(i)make no representations or undertakings regarding the treatment of any Tax-Related Items in connection with any aspect of Grantee’s participation in the Plan, including, but not limited to, the grant of the Award, the exercise of the Award, the subsequent sale of any Shares acquired pursuant to the Award and the receipt of any dividends;
(ii)do not commit to and are under no obligation to structure the terms of the Award to reduce or eliminate Grantee’s liability for Tax-Related Items or achieve any particular tax result; and
(iii)if Grantee has become subject to tax in more than one jurisdiction between the date the Award is granted and the date of any relevant taxable or tax withholding event, Grantee acknowledges that the Company and/or the Subsidiary may be required to withhold or account for Tax-Related Items in more than one jurisdiction.
(b)Prior to the relevant taxable or taxable withholding event, as applicable, Grantee agrees to pay or make adequate arrangements satisfactory to the Company and/or the Subsidiary to satisfy all Tax-Related Items required to be withheld. In this regard, Grantee authorizes the Company and/or the Subsidiary, or their respective agents, at their discretion, to satisfy the obligations with regard to all Tax-Related Items.
(c)Tax Withholding. The Grantee shall, not later than the date as of which the receipt of this Award becomes a taxable event for federal income tax purposes, pay to the Company or make arrangements satisfactory to the Administrator for payment of any Tax-Related Items to be withheld on account of such taxable event. The Company shall have the authority to cause the Tax-Related Items to be satisfied, in whole or in part, by (i) withholding from shares of Stock to be issued to the Grantee a number of shares of Stock with an aggregate Fair Market Value that would satisfy the withholding amount due; or (ii) causing its designated broker to sell from the number of shares of Stock to be issued to the Grantee, the number of shares of Stock necessary to satisfy the federal, state and local taxes required by law to be withheld from the Grantee on account of such transfer. It is the Company’s intent that the mandatory sale to cover withholding obligations for Tax-Related Items imposed by the Company on Grantee in connection with the receipt of this Award comply with the requirements of Rule 10b5-1(c)(1)(i)(B) under the Exchange Act and be interpreted to comply with the requirements of Rule 10b5-1(c). Depending on the withholding method, the Company or a Subsidiary may withhold or account for Tax-Related Items by considering applicable minimum statutory withholding amounts or other applicable withholding rates, including maximum applicable rates. In the event of over-withholding, the Grantee may receive a refund of any over-withheld amount in cash (and will have no entitlement to the Common Stock equivalent) or, if not refunded, may seek a refund from the local tax authorities. If the obligation for Tax-Related Items is satisfied by withholding in shares of Common Stock, for tax purposes, Grantee is deemed to have been issued the full number of shares of Common Stock subject to the settled Restricted Stock Units notwithstanding that a number of the shares of Common Stock are held back solely for the purpose of paying the Tax-Related Items.
7.Section 409A of the Code. This Agreement shall be interpreted in such a manner that all provisions relating to the settlement of the Award are exempt from the requirements of Section 409A of the Code as “short-term deferrals” as described in Section 409A of the Code.
8.No Obligation to Continue Employment. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary is obligated by or as a result of the Plan or this Agreement to continue the Grantee’s employment and neither the Plan nor this Agreement shall interfere in any way with the right of the Company or any Subsidiary to terminate the employment of the Grantee any time.
9.Integration. This Agreement, including, without limitation, all exhibits attached hereto, constitutes the entire agreement between the parties with respect to this Award and supersedes all prior agreements and discussions between the parties concerning such subject matter.
10.Data Privacy Consent. In order to administer the Plan and this Agreement and to implement or structure future equity grants, the Company, its subsidiaries and affiliates and certain agents thereof (together, the “Relevant Companies”) may process any and all personal or professional data, including but not limited to Social Security or other identification number, home address and telephone number, date of birth and other information that is necessary or desirable for the administration of the Plan and/or this Agreement (the “Relevant Information”). By entering into this Agreement, the Grantee (i) authorizes the Company to collect, process,
register and transfer to the Relevant Companies all Relevant Information; (ii) waives any privacy rights the Grantee may have with respect to the Relevant Information; (iii) authorizes the Relevant Companies to store and transmit such information in electronic form; and (iv) authorizes the transfer of the Relevant Information to any jurisdiction in which the Relevant Companies consider appropriate. The Grantee shall have access to, and the right to change, the Relevant Information. Relevant Information will only be used in accordance with applicable law.
11.Electronic Delivery of Notices. The Company may, in its sole discretion, decide to deliver any documents and notices related to the Award granted under the Plan by electronic means or to request Grantee’s consent to participate in the Plan by electronic means. Grantee hereby consents to receive such documents by electronic delivery and to agree to participate in the Plan through an on-line or electronic system established.
12.Accepting the Grant. In order to receive the Award, the Grantee must acknowledge and accept the terms and conditions of the Plan and the Agreement electronically using the E*TRADE system. By electronically accepting the Award in the E*TRADE system, the Grantee is acknowledging that he/she has reviewed, understood and agrees to the terms of the Plan and the Agreement and the Grantee's intent to electronically sign the Agreement. If the Grantee does not accept the Award electronically in the E*TRADE system within six months, the Company will cancel the Award in its entirety, without any requirement to provide notice to the Grantee, and it will cease to appear in the Grantee's E*TRADE account or otherwise be outstanding. It is solely the Grantee's responsibility to accept the Award. By clicking on the “Accept” button, the Grantee confirms having read and understood the documents relating to this grant, including Section 10 of this Agreement entitled Data Privacy Consent, which were provided to you in the English language. The Grantee accepts the terms of those documents accordingly.
RESTRICTED STOCK UNIT AWARD AGREEMENT
FOR NON-EMPLOYEE DIRECTORS
UNDER THE DOXIMITY, INC.
2021 STOCK OPTION AND INCENTIVE PLAN
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Name of Grantee:
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No. of Restricted Stock Units:
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Grant Date:
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Pursuant to the Doximity, Inc. 2021 Stock Option and Incentive Plan as amended through the date hereof (the “Plan”), Doximity, Inc. (the “Company”) hereby grants an award of the number of Restricted Stock Units listed above (an “Award”) to the Grantee named above. Each Restricted Stock Unit shall relate to one share of Class A Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share (the “Stock”) of the Company.
1.Restrictions on Transfer of Award. This Award may not be sold, transferred, pledged, assigned or otherwise encumbered or disposed of by the Grantee, and any shares of Stock issuable with respect to the Award may not be sold, transferred, pledged, assigned or otherwise encumbered or disposed of until (i) the Restricted Stock Units have vested as provided in Paragraph 2 of this Agreement and (ii) shares of Stock have been issued to the Grantee in accordance with the terms of the Plan and this Agreement.
2.Vesting of Restricted Stock Units. The restrictions and conditions of Paragraph 1 of this Agreement shall lapse on the Vesting Date or Dates specified in the following schedule so long as the Grantee remains in service as a member of the Board on such Vesting Dates. If a series of Vesting Dates is specified, then the restrictions and conditions in Paragraph 1 shall lapse only with respect to the number of Restricted Stock Units specified as vested on such date.
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Shares
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Vest Type
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Full Vested
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Expiration
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(####)
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On Vest Date
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mm/dd/yyyy
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mm/dd/yyyy
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(####)
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Monthly
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mm/dd/yyyy
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mm/dd/yyyy
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The Administrator may at any time accelerate the vesting schedule specified in this Paragraph 2. The Restricted Stock Units shall automatically accelerate immediately prior to a Sale Event that occurs while the Grantee remains a member of the Board.
3.Termination of Service as a Non-Employee Director If the Grantee’s service with the Company and its Subsidiaries as a member of the Board terminates for any reason (including death or disability) prior to the satisfaction of the vesting conditions set forth in Paragraph 2 above, any Restricted Stock Units that have not vested as of such date shall automatically and without notice terminate and be forfeited, and neither the Grantee nor any of his or her successors, heirs, assigns, or personal representatives will thereafter have any further rights or interests in such unvested Restricted Stock Units.
4.Issuance of Shares of Stock. As soon as practicable following each Vesting Date (but in no event later than two and one-half months after the end of the year in which the Vesting Date occurs), the Company shall issue to the Grantee the number of shares of Stock equal to the aggregate number of Restricted Stock Units that have vested pursuant to Paragraph 2 of this Agreement on such date and the Grantee shall thereafter have all the rights of a stockholder of the Company with respect to such shares.
5.Incorporation of Plan. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, this Agreement shall be subject to and governed by all the terms and conditions of the Plan, including the powers of the Administrator set forth in Section 2(b) of the Plan. Capitalized terms in this Agreement shall have the meaning specified in the Plan, unless a different meaning is specified herein.
6.Section 409A of the Code. This Agreement shall be interpreted in such a manner that all provisions relating to the settlement of the Award are exempt from the requirements of Section 409A of the Code as “short-term deferrals” as described in Section 409A of the Code.
7.No Obligation to Continue as a Non-Employee Director. Neither the Plan nor this Award confers upon the Grantee any rights with respect to continuance as a Non-Employee Director.
8.Integration. This Agreement, including, without limitation, all exhibits attached hereto, constitutes the entire agreement between the parties with respect to this Award and supersedes all prior agreements and discussions between the parties concerning such subject matter.
9.Responsibility for Taxes.
(a)Regardless of any action the Company or a Subsidiary employer takes with respect to any or all income tax, social insurance, payroll tax, fringe benefit, payment on account or other tax-related items related to Grantee’s participation in the Plan and legally applicable to Grantee or deemed by the Company or a Subsidiary employer to be an appropriate charge to Grantee even if technically due by the Company or the Subsidiary employer (the “Tax-Related Items”), Grantee acknowledges and agrees that the ultimate liability for all Tax-Related Items is and remains Grantee’s responsibility and may exceed the amount actually withheld by the Company or the Subsidiary, if any. Grantee further acknowledges and agrees that the Company and/or the Subsidiary employer:
(i)make no representations or undertakings regarding the treatment of any Tax-Related Items in connection with any aspect of Grantee’s participation in the Plan, including, but not limited to, the grant of the Award, the exercise of the Award, the subsequent sale of any Shares acquired pursuant to the Award and the receipt of any dividends;
(ii)do not commit to and are under no obligation to structure the terms of the Award to reduce or eliminate Grantee’s liability for Tax-Related Items or achieve any particular tax result; and
(iii)if Grantee has become subject to tax in more than one jurisdiction between the date the Award is granted and the date of any relevant taxable or tax withholding event, Grantee acknowledges that the Company and/or the Subsidiary may be required to withhold or account for Tax-Related Items in more than one jurisdiction.
(b)Prior to the relevant taxable or taxable withholding event, as applicable, Grantee agrees to pay or make adequate arrangements satisfactory to the Company and/or the Subsidiary to satisfy all Tax-Related Items required to be withheld. In this regard, Grantee authorizes the Company and/or the Subsidiary, or their respective agents, at their discretion, to satisfy the obligations with regard to all Tax-Related Items.
(c)Tax Withholding. In the event that the Company is required to withhold taxes from the Grantee for Tax-Related Items, the Grantee shall, not later than the date as of which the receipt of this Award becomes a taxable event for federal income tax purposes, pay to the Company or make arrangements satisfactory to the Administrator for payment of any Tax-Related Items to be withheld on account of such taxable event. The Company shall have the authority to cause the Tax-Related Items to be satisfied, in whole or in part, by (i) withholding from shares of Stock to be issued to the Grantee a number of shares of Stock with an aggregate Fair Market Value that would satisfy the withholding amount due; or (ii) causing its designated broker to sell from the number of shares of Stock to be issued to the Grantee, the number of shares of Stock necessary to satisfy the Federal, state and local taxes required by law to be withheld from the Grantee on account of such transfer. It is the Company’s intent that the mandatory sale to cover withholding obligations for Tax-Related Items imposed by the Company on Grantee in connection with the receipt of this Award comply with the requirements of Rule 10b5-1(c)(1)(i)(B) under the Exchange Act and be interpreted to comply with the requirements of Rule 10b5-1(c). Depending on the withholding method, the Company or a Subsidiary may withhold or account for Tax-Related Items by considering applicable minimum statutory withholding amounts or other applicable withholding rates, including maximum applicable rates. In the event of over-withholding, the Grantee may receive a refund of any over-withheld amount in cash (and will have no entitlement to the Common Stock equivalent) or, if not refunded, may seek a refund from the local tax authorities. If the obligation for Tax-Related Items is satisfied by withholding in shares of Common Stock, for tax purposes, Grantee is deemed to have been issued the full number of shares of Common Stock subject to the settled Restricted Stock Units notwithstanding that a number of the shares of Common Stock are held back solely for the purpose of paying the Tax-Related Items.
10.Data Privacy Consent. In order to administer the Plan and this Agreement and to implement or structure future equity grants, the Company, its subsidiaries and affiliates and certain agents thereof (together, the “Relevant Companies”) may process any and all personal or professional data, including but not limited to Social Security or other identification number, home address and telephone number, date of birth and other information that is necessary or
desirable for the administration of the Plan and/or this Agreement (the “Relevant Information”). By entering into this Agreement, the Grantee (i) authorizes the Company to collect, process, register and transfer to the Relevant Companies all Relevant Information; (ii) waives any privacy rights the Grantee may have with respect to the Relevant Information; (iii) authorizes the Relevant Companies to store and transmit such information in electronic form; and (iv) authorizes the transfer of the Relevant Information to any jurisdiction in which the Relevant Companies consider appropriate. The Grantee shall have access to, and the right to change, the Relevant Information. Relevant Information will only be used in accordance with applicable law.
11.Electronic Delivery of Notices. The Company may, in its sole discretion, decide to deliver any documents and notices related to the Stock Option granted under the Plan by electronic means or to request Optionee’s consent to participate in the Plan by electronic means. Optionee hereby consents to receive such documents by electronic delivery and to agree to participate in the Plan through an on-line or electronic system established.
12.Accepting the Grant. In order to receive the Restricted Stock Units, the Grantee must acknowledge and accept the terms and conditions of the Plan and the Agreement electronically using the E*TRADE system. By electronically accepting the Restricted Stock Units in the E*TRADE system, the Grantee is acknowledging that he/she has reviewed, understood and agrees to the terms of the Plan and the Agreement and the Grantee's intent to electronically sign the Agreement. If the Grantee does not accept the Restricted Stock Units electronically in the E*TRADE system within six months, the Company will cancel the Restricted Stock Units in its entirety, without any requirement to provide notice to the Grantee, and it will cease to appear in the Grantee's E*TRADE account or otherwise be outstanding. It is solely the Grantee's responsibility to accept the Restricted Stock Units. By clicking on the “Accept” button, the Grantee confirms having read and understood the documents relating to this grant, including Section 10 of this Agreement entitled Data Privacy Consent, which were provided to you in the English language. The Grantee accepts the terms of those documents accordingly.
RESTRICTED STOCK AWARD AGREEMENT
UNDER THE DOXIMITY, INC.
2021 STOCK OPTION AND INCENTIVE PLAN
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Name of Grantee:
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No. of Shares:
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Grant Date:
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Pursuant to the Doximity, Inc. 2021 Stock Option and Incentive Plan, as amended through the date hereof (the “Plan”), Doximity, Inc. (the “Company”) hereby grants a Restricted Stock Award (an “Award”) to the Grantee named above. Upon acceptance of this Award, the Grantee shall receive the number of shares of Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share (the “Stock”), of the Company specified above, subject to the restrictions and conditions set forth herein and in the Plan. The Company acknowledges the receipt from the Grantee of consideration with respect to the par value of the Stock in the form of cash, past or future services rendered to the Company by the Grantee or such other form of consideration as is acceptable to the Administrator.
1.Award. The shares of Restricted Stock awarded hereunder shall be issued and held by the Company’s transfer agent in book entry form, and the Grantee’s name shall be entered as the stockholder of record on the books of the Company. Thereupon, the Grantee shall have all the rights of a stockholder with respect to such shares, including voting and dividend rights, subject, however, to the restrictions and conditions specified in Paragraph 2 below. The Grantee shall (i) sign and deliver to the Company a copy of this Award Agreement and (ii) deliver to the Company a stock power endorsed in blank.
2.Restrictions and Conditions.
(a)Any book entries for the shares of Restricted Stock granted herein shall bear an appropriate legend, as determined by the Administrator in its sole discretion, to the effect that such shares are subject to restrictions as set forth herein and in the Plan.
(b)Shares of Restricted Stock granted herein may not be sold, assigned, transferred, pledged or otherwise encumbered or disposed of by the Grantee prior to vesting.
(c)If the Grantee’s employment with the Company and its Subsidiaries is voluntarily or involuntarily terminated for any reason (including death) prior to vesting of shares of Restricted Stock granted herein, all shares of Restricted Stock shall immediately and automatically be forfeited and returned to the Company.
3.Vesting of Restricted Stock. The restrictions and conditions in Paragraph 2 of this Agreement shall lapse on the Vesting Date or Dates specified in the following schedule so long as the Grantee remains an employee of the Company or a Subsidiary on such Dates. If a series of Vesting Dates is specified, then the restrictions and conditions in Paragraph 2 shall lapse only with respect to the number of shares of Restricted Stock specified as vested on such date.
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Shares
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Vest Type
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Fully Vested
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Expiration
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(####)
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On Vest Date
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mm/dd/yyyy
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mm/dd/yyyy
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(####)
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Monthly
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mm/dd/yyyy
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mm/dd/yyyy
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Subsequent to such Vesting Date or Dates, the shares of Stock on which all restrictions and conditions have lapsed shall no longer be deemed Restricted Stock. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein or in the Plan, all outstanding shares of Restricted Stock shall become fully vested upon a Sale Event. The Administrator may at any time accelerate the vesting schedule specified in this Paragraph 3.
4.Dividends. Dividends on shares of Restricted Stock shall be paid currently to the Grantee.
5.Incorporation of Plan. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, this Award shall be subject to and governed by all the terms and conditions of the Plan, including the powers of the Administrator set forth in Section 2(b) of the Plan. Capitalized terms in this Agreement shall have the meaning specified in the Plan, unless a different meaning is specified herein.
6.Transferability. This Agreement is personal to the Grantee, is non-assignable and is not transferable in any manner, by operation of law or otherwise, other than by will or the laws of descent and distribution.
7.Responsibility for Taxes.
(a)Regardless of any action the Company or a Subsidiary employer takes with respect to any or all income tax, social insurance, payroll tax, fringe benefit, payment on account or other tax-related items related to Grantee’s participation in the Plan and legally applicable to Grantee or deemed by the Company or a Subsidiary employer to be an appropriate charge to Grantee even if technically due by the Company or the Subsidiary employer (the “Tax-Related Items”), Grantee acknowledges and agrees that the ultimate liability for all Tax-Related Items is and remains Grantee’s responsibility and may exceed the amount actually withheld by the Company or the Subsidiary, if any. Grantee further acknowledges and agrees that the Company and/or the Subsidiary employer:
(i)make no representations or undertakings regarding the treatment of any Tax-Related Items in connection with any aspect of Grantee’s participation in the Plan, including, but not limited to, the grant of the Award, the exercise of the Award, the subsequent sale of any Shares acquired pursuant to the Award and the receipt of any dividends;
(ii)do not commit to and are under no obligation to structure the terms of the Award to reduce or eliminate Grantee’s liability for Tax-Related Items or achieve any particular tax result; and
(iii)if Grantee has become subject to tax in more than one jurisdiction between the date the Award is granted and the date of any relevant taxable or tax withholding event, Grantee acknowledges that the Company and/or the Subsidiary may be required to withhold or account for Tax-Related Items in more than one jurisdiction.
(b)Prior to the relevant taxable or taxable withholding event, as applicable, Grantee agrees to pay or make adequate arrangements satisfactory to the Company and/or the Subsidiary to satisfy all Tax-Related Items required to be withheld. In this regard, Grantee authorizes the Company and/or the Subsidiary, or their respective agents, at their discretion, to satisfy the obligations with regard to all Tax-Related Items.
(c)Tax Withholding. The Grantee shall, not later than the date as of which the receipt of this Award becomes a taxable event for federal income tax purposes, pay to the Company or make arrangements satisfactory to the Administrator for payment of any Tax-Related Items to be withheld on account of such taxable event. The Company shall have the authority to cause the Tax-Related Items to be satisfied, in whole or in part, by (i) withholding from shares of Stock to be issued to the Grantee a number of shares of Stock with an aggregate Fair Market Value that would satisfy the withholding amount due; or (ii) causing its designated broker to sell from the number of shares of Stock issued or to be issued to the Grantee, the number of shares of Stock necessary to satisfy the federal, state and local taxes required by law to be withheld from the Grantee on account of such transfer. It is the Company’s intent that the mandatory sale to cover withholding obligations for Tax-Related Items imposed by the Company on Grantee in connection with the receipt of this Award comply with the requirements of Rule 10b5-1(c)(1)(i)(B) under the Exchange Act and be interpreted to comply with the requirements of Rule 10b5-1(c). Depending on the withholding method, the Company or a Subsidiary may withhold or account for Tax-Related Items by considering applicable minimum statutory withholding amounts or other applicable withholding rates, including maximum applicable rates. In the event of over-withholding, the Grantee may receive a refund of any over-withheld amount in cash (and will have no entitlement to the Common Stock equivalent) or, if not refunded, may seek a refund from the local tax authorities. If the obligation for Tax-Related Items is satisfied by withholding in shares of Common Stock, for tax purposes, Grantee is deemed to have been issued the full number of shares of Common Stock subject to the Award notwithstanding that a number of the shares of Common Stock are held back solely for the purpose of paying the Tax-Related Items.
8.Election Under Section 83(b). The Grantee and the Company hereby agree that the Grantee may, within 30 days following the Grant Date of this Award, file with the Internal Revenue Service and the Company an election under Section 83(b) of the Code. In the event the Grantee makes such an election, he or she agrees to provide a copy of the election to the Company. The Grantee acknowledges that he or she is responsible for obtaining the advice of his or her tax advisors with regard to the Section 83(b) election and that he or she is relying solely on such advisors and not on any statements or representations of the Company or any of its agents with regard to such election.
9.No Obligation to Continue Employment or Service. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary is obligated by or as a result of the Plan or this Agreement to continue the Grantee in employment or service and neither the Plan nor this Agreement shall interfere in any way with the right of the Company or any Subsidiary to terminate the employment or service of the Grantee at any time.
10.Integration. This Agreement constitutes the entire agreement between the parties with respect to this Award and supersedes all prior agreements and discussions between the parties concerning such subject matter.
11.Data Privacy Consent. In order to administer the Plan and this Agreement and to implement or structure future equity grants, the Company, its subsidiaries and affiliates and certain agents thereof (together, the “Relevant Companies”) may process any and all personal or professional data, including but not limited to Social Security or other identification number, home address and telephone number, date of birth and other information that is necessary or desirable for the administration of the Plan and/or this Agreement (the “Relevant Information”). By entering into this Agreement, the Grantee (i) authorizes the Company to collect, process, register and transfer to the Relevant Companies all Relevant Information; (ii) waives any privacy rights the Grantee may have with respect to the Relevant Information; (iii) authorizes the Relevant Companies to store and transmit such information in electronic form; and (iv) authorizes the transfer of the Relevant Information to any jurisdiction in which the Relevant Companies consider appropriate. The Grantee shall have access to, and the right to change, the Relevant Information. Relevant Information will only be used in accordance with applicable law.
12.Electronic Delivery. The Company may, in its sole discretion, decide to deliver any documents and notices related to the Award granted under the Plan by electronic means or to request Optionee’s consent to participate in the Plan by electronic means. Optionee hereby consents to receive such documents by electronic delivery and to agree to participate in the Plan through an on-line or electronic system established.
13.Accepting the Grant. In order to receive the Award, the Grantee must acknowledge and accept the terms and conditions of the Plan and the Agreement electronically using the E*TRADE system. By electronically accepting the Award in the E*TRADE system, the Grantee is acknowledging that he/she has reviewed, understood and agrees to the terms of the Plan and the Agreement and the Grantee's intent to electronically sign the Agreement. If the Grantee does not accept the Award electronically in the E*TRADE system within six months, the Company will cancel the Award in its entirety, without any requirement to provide notice to the Grantee, and it will cease to appear in the Grantee's E*TRADE account or otherwise be outstanding. It is solely the Grantee's responsibility to accept the Award. By clicking on the “Accept” button, the Grantee confirms having read and understood the documents relating to this grant, including Section 11 of this Agreement entitled Data Privacy Consent, which were provided to you in the English language. The Grantee accepts the terms of those documents accordingly.