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UNITED STATES
 
 
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
 
 
Washington, D.C. 20549
 
FORM 10-Q
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 
For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2019
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 
For the transition period from ________________ to ________________

Commission File Number: 001-38082
 
KREFLOGOA15.JPG
 
 
KKR Real Estate Finance Trust Inc.
 
 
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
 
 
Maryland
 
 
 
47-2009094
 
 
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)
 
 
 
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
 
 
9 West 57th Street,
Suite 4200
New York,
NY
 
 
 
10019
 
 
(Address of principal executive offices)
 
 
 
(Zip Code)
 

(212) 750-8300
 
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
 
 
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
 
 
Title of each class
 
Trading Symbol(s)
 
Name of each exchange on which registered
 
 
Common stock, par value $0.01 per share
 
KREF
 
New York Stock Exchange
 


Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.     Yes     No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).     Yes     No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer," "smaller reporting company" and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer        Accelerated filer    
Non-accelerated filer         Smaller reporting company    
Emerging growth company    

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.    

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).     Yes     No


The number of shares of the registrant's common stock, par value $0.01 per share, outstanding as of August 1, 2019 was 57,413,069.



KKR REAL ESTATE FINANCE TRUST INC.
FORM 10-Q
FOR THE QUARTER ENDED JUNE 30, 2019
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CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act”), and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), which reflect our current views with respect to, among other things, our operations and financial performance. You can identify these forward-looking statements by the use of words such as "outlook," "believe," "expect," "potential," "continue," "may," "should," "seek," "approximately," "predict," "intend," "will," "plan," "estimate," "anticipate," the negative version of these words, other comparable words or other statements that do not relate strictly to historical or factual matters. By their nature, forward-looking statements speak only as of the date they are made, are not statements of historical fact or guarantees of future performance and are subject to risks, uncertainties, assumptions or changes in circumstances that are difficult to predict or quantify. Our expectations, beliefs and projections are expressed in good faith and we believe there is a reasonable basis for them. However, there can be no assurance that management's expectations, beliefs and projections will result or be achieved and actual results may vary materially from what is expressed in or indicated by the forward-looking statements.

There are a number of risks, uncertainties and other important factors that could cause our actual results to differ materially from the forward-looking statements contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Such risks, uncertainties and other important factors include, among others, the risks, uncertainties and factors set forth under Part I, Item 1A. "Risk Factors" in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2018 (the "Form 10-K"). Such risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to, the following:

the general political, economic and competitive conditions in the United States and in any foreign jurisdictions in which we invest; 

the level and volatility of prevailing interest rates and credit spreads; 

adverse changes in the real estate and real estate capital markets; 

general volatility of the securities markets in which we participate; 

changes in our business, investment strategies or target assets; 

difficulty in obtaining financing or raising capital; 

adverse legislative or regulatory developments;

reductions in the yield on our investments and increases in the cost of our financing; 

acts of God such as hurricanes, earthquakes and other natural disasters, acts of war and/or terrorism and other events that may cause unanticipated and uninsured performance declines and/or losses to us or the owners and operators of the real estate securing our investments; 

deterioration in the performance of properties securing our investments that may cause deterioration in the performance of our investments and, potentially, principal losses to us; 

defaults by borrowers in paying debt service on outstanding indebtedness; 

the adequacy of collateral securing our investments and declines in the fair value of our investments; 

adverse developments in the availability of desirable investment opportunities whether they are due to competition, regulation or otherwise; 

difficulty in successfully managing our growth, including integrating new assets into our existing systems; 

the cost of operating our platform, including, but not limited to, the cost of operating a real estate investment platform and the cost of operating as a publicly traded company; 

the availability of qualified personnel and our relationship with our Manager;




subsidiaries of KKR & Co. Inc. control us and KKR's interests may conflict with those of our stockholders in the future; 

our qualification as a real estate investment trust ("REIT") for U.S. federal income tax purposes and our exclusion from registration under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the "Investment Company Act"); and

authoritative accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("GAAP") or policy changes from such standard-setting bodies such as the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the "FASB"), the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC"), the Internal Revenue Service, the New York Stock Exchange and other authorities that we are subject to, as well as their counterparts in any foreign jurisdictions where we might do business.

There may be other factors that may cause our actual results to differ materially from the forward-looking statements, including factors set forth under Part I, Item 1A. "Risk Factors" in the Form 10-K and Part II, Item 7. "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" in this Form 10-Q, as such factors may be updated from time to time in our other periodic filings with the SEC, which are accessible on the SEC's website at www.sec.gov and on the investor relations section of our website at www.kkrreit.com. You should evaluate all forward-looking statements made in this Form 10-Q in the context of these risks and uncertainties.

We caution you that the risks, uncertainties and other factors referenced above may not contain all of the risks, uncertainties and other factors that are important to you. In addition, we cannot assure you that we will realize the results, benefits or developments that we expect or anticipate or, even if substantially realized, that they will result in the consequences or affect us or our business in the way expected. All forward-looking statements in this Form 10-Q apply only as of the date made and are expressly qualified in their entirety by the cautionary statements included in this Form 10-Q and in other filings we make with the SEC. We undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements to reflect subsequent events or circumstances, except as required by law.

Except where the context requires otherwise, the terms "Company," "we," "us," "our" and "KREF" refer to KKR Real Estate Finance Trust Inc., a Maryland corporation, and its subsidiaries; "Manager" refers to KKR Real Estate Finance Manager LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, our external manager; and "KKR" refers to KKR & Co. Inc., a Delaware corporation, and its subsidiaries.



Table of Contents

PART I — FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

KKR Real Estate Finance Trust Inc. and Subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (Unaudited)
(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
 
 
June 30, 2019
 
December 31, 2018(A)
Assets
 
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents(B)
 
$
182,732

 
$
86,531

Commercial mortgage loans, held-for-investment, net
 
4,800,213

 
4,001,820

Equity method investments, at fair value
 
37,070

 
30,734

Accrued interest receivable
 
16,305

 
16,178

Other assets
 
14,006

 
3,596

Commercial mortgage loans held in variable interest entities, at fair value
 
1,134,579

 
1,092,986

Total Assets
 
$
6,184,905

 
$
5,231,845

 
 

 
 
Liabilities and Equity
 

 
 
Liabilities
 
 
 
 
Secured financing agreements, net
 
$
2,892,199

 
$
1,951,049

Collateralized loan obligation, net
 
801,860

 
800,346

Convertible notes, net
 
138,376

 
137,688

Loan participations sold, net
 
65,000

 
85,465

Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities
 
3,797

 
4,529

Dividends payable
 
24,915

 
25,097

Accrued interest payable
 
5,827

 
7,516

Due to affiliates
 
4,718

 
4,712

Variable interest entity liabilities, at fair value
 
1,124,178

 
1,080,255

Total Liabilities
 
5,060,870

 
4,096,657

 
 
 
 
 
Commitments and Contingencies (Note 11)
 

 

 
 
 
 
 
Temporary Equity
 
 
 
 
Redeemable preferred stock
 
2,031

 
2,846

 
 
 
 
 
Permanent Equity
 
 
 
 
Preferred stock, 50,000,000 authorized (1 share with par value of $0.01 issued and outstanding as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018)
 

 

Common stock, 300,000,000 authorized (57,413,069 and 57,596,217 shares with par value of $0.01 issued and outstanding as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively)
 
574

 
576

Additional paid-in capital
 
1,164,976

 
1,163,845

Accumulated deficit
 
(7,588
)
 
(225
)
Repurchased stock, 1,862,689 and 1,649,880 shares repurchased as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively
 
(35,958
)
 
(31,854
)
Total KKR Real Estate Finance Trust Inc. stockholders’ equity
 
1,122,004

 
1,132,342

Total Permanent Equity
 
1,122,004

 
1,132,342

Total Liabilities and Equity
 
$
6,184,905

 
$
5,231,845


(A)    Derived from the audited consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2018.
(B)    Includes $42.0 million held in collateralized loan obligation as of June 30, 2019 (See Note 5).

See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.


1

Table of Contents


KKR Real Estate Finance Trust Inc. and Subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income (Unaudited)
(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
 
 
For the Three Months Ended June 30,
 
For the Six Months Ended June 30,
 
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
Net Interest Income
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest income
 
$
62,944

 
$
40,363

 
$
127,695

 
$
72,057

Interest expense
 
37,089

 
18,798

 
71,931

 
29,488

Total net interest income
 
25,855

 
21,565

 
55,764

 
42,569

Other Income
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Realized gain on sale of investments
 

 
13,000

 

 
13,000

Change in net assets related to CMBS consolidated variable interest entities
 
(1,551
)
 
(6,408
)
 
(1,209
)
 
2,081

Income from equity method investments
 
868

 
789

 
1,993

 
1,337

Other income
 
671

 
602

 
1,153

 
763

Total other income (loss)
 
(12
)
 
7,983

 
1,937

 
17,181

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Operating Expenses
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
General and administrative
 
2,781

 
1,686

 
5,142

 
4,349

Management fees to affiliate
 
4,288

 
3,913

 
8,575

 
7,852

Incentive compensation to affiliate
 
1,145

 

 
2,098

 

Total operating expenses
 
8,214

 
5,599

 
15,815

 
12,201

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Income (Loss) Before Income Taxes, Noncontrolling Interests and Preferred Dividends
 
17,629

 
23,949

 
41,886

 
47,549

Income tax expense (benefit)
 
280

 
(33
)
 
289

 
142

Net Income (Loss)
 
17,349

 
23,982

 
41,597

 
47,407

Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests in Income (Loss) of Consolidated Joint Venture
 

 
29

 

 
63

Net Income (Loss) Attributable to KKR Real Estate Finance Trust Inc. and Subsidiaries
 
17,349

 
23,953

 
41,597

 
47,344

Preferred Stock Dividends and Redemption Value Adjustment
 
(32
)
 
470

 
(489
)
 
581

Net Income (Loss) Attributable to Common Stockholders
 
$
17,381

 
$
23,483

 
$
42,086

 
$
46,763

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net Income (Loss) Per Share of Common Stock
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic
 
$
0.30

 
$
0.44

 
$
0.73

 
$
0.88

Diluted
 
$
0.30

 
$
0.44

 
$
0.73

 
$
0.88

Weighted Average Number of Shares of Common Stock Outstanding
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic
 
57,412,522

 
53,064,585

 
57,400,023

 
53,200,495

Diluted
 
57,507,219

 
53,069,866

 
57,492,296

 
53,223,413

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Dividends Declared per Share of Common Stock
 
$
0.43

 
$
0.43

 
$
0.86

 
$
0.83


See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

2

Table of Contents

KKR Real Estate Finance Trust Inc. and Subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity (Unaudited)
(Amounts in thousands, except share data)


 
 
Permanent Equity
Temporary Equity
 
 
KKR Real Estate Finance Trust Inc.
 
 
 
 
 
 
Preferred Stock
 
Common Stock
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Shares
 
Stated Value
 
Shares
 
Par Value
 
Additional Paid-In Capital
 
Retained Earnings
(Accumulated Deficit)
 
Repurchased Stock
 
Total KKR Real Estate Finance Trust Inc. Stockholders' Equity
 
Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests in Equity of Consolidated Joint Venture
 
Redeemable Preferred Stock
Balance at December 31, 2018
 
1

 
$

 
57,596,217

 
$
576

 
$
1,163,845

 
$
(225
)
 
$
(31,854
)
 
$
1,132,342

 
$

 
$
2,846

Repurchase of common stock
 

 

 
(212,809
)
 
(2
)
 

 

 
(4,104
)
 
(4,106
)
 

 

Offering costs
 

 

 

 

 
(518
)
 

 

 
(518
)
 

 

Preferred dividends declared, per share
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
(161
)
Common dividends declared, $0.43 per share
 

 

 

 

 

 
(24,761
)
 

 
(24,761
)
 

 

Adjustment of redeemable preferred stock to redemption value
 

 

 

 

 

 
618

 

 
618

 

 
(618
)
Stock-based compensation
 

 

 

 

 
991

 

 

 
991

 

 

Net income (loss)
 

 

 

 

 

 
24,087

 

 
24,087

 

 
161

Balance at March 31, 2019
 
1

 
$

 
57,383,408

 
$
574

 
$
1,164,318

 
$
(281
)
 
$
(35,958
)
 
$
1,128,653

 
$

 
$
2,228

Preferred dividends declared, per share
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
(165
)
Common dividends declared, $0.43 per share
 

 

 

 

 

 
(24,688
)
 

 
(24,688
)
 

 

Adjustment of redeemable preferred stock to redemption value
 

 

 

 

 

 
197

 

 
197

 

 
(197
)
Stock-based compensation
 

 

 
29,661

 
*

 
658

 

 

 
658

 

 

Net income (loss)
 

 

 

 

 

 
17,184

 

 
17,184

 

 
165

Balance at June 30, 2019
 
1

 
$

 
57,413,069

 
$
574

 
$
1,164,976

 
$
(7,588
)
 
$
(35,958
)
 
$
1,122,004

 
$

 
$
2,031


* Rounds to zero.










3

Table of Contents

KKR Real Estate Finance Trust Inc. and Subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity (Unaudited)
(Amounts in thousands, except share data)
 
 
Permanent Equity
Temporary Equity
 
 
KKR Real Estate Finance Trust Inc.
 
 
 
 
 
 
Preferred Stock
 
Common Stock
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Shares
 
Stated Value
 
Shares
 
Par Value
 
Additional Paid-In Capital
 
Retained Earnings
(Accumulated Deficit)
 
Repurchased Stock
 
Total KKR Real Estate Finance Trust Inc. Stockholders' Equity
 
Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests in Equity of Consolidated Joint Venture
 
Redeemable Preferred Stock
Balance at December 31, 2017
 
1

 
$

 
53,685,440

 
$
537

 
$
1,052,851

 
$
6,280

 
$
(523
)
 
$
1,059,145

 
$
3,090

 
$
949

Repurchase of common stock
 

 

 
(609,865
)
 
(6
)
 

 

 
(11,912
)
 
(11,918
)
 

 

Preferred dividends declared, per share
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
(111
)
Common dividends declared, $0.40 per share
 

 

 

 

 

 
(21,230
)
 

 
(21,230
)
 

 

Capital distributions
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
(1,795
)
 

Stock-based compensation
 

 

 

 

 
1,018

 

 

 
1,018

 

 

Net income (loss)
 

 

 

 

 

 
23,280

 

 
23,280

 
34

 
111

Balance at March 31, 2018
 
1

 
$

 
53,075,575

 
$
531

 
$
1,053,869

 
$
8,330

 
$
(12,435
)
 
$
1,050,295

 
$
1,329

 
$
949

Repurchase of common stock
 

 

 
(77,944
)
 
(1
)
 

 

 
(1,536
)
 
(1,537
)
 

 

Equity component of convertible notes
 

 

 

 

 
1,800

 

 

 
1,800

 

 

Preferred dividends declared, per share
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
(133
)
Common dividends declared, $0.43 per share
 

 

 

 

 

 
(22,804
)
 

 
(22,804
)
 

 

Adjustment of redeemable preferred stock to redemption value
 

 

 

 

 

 
(337
)
 

 
(337
)
 

 
337

Capital distributions and redemptions
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
(1,358
)
 

Stock-based compensation
 

 

 
34,259

 
*

 
(127
)
 

 

 
(127
)
 

 

Net income (loss)
 

 

 

 

 

 
23,820

 

 
23,820

 
29

 
133

Balance at June 30, 2018
 
1

 
$

 
53,031,890

 
$
530

 
$
1,055,542

 
$
9,009

 
$
(13,971
)
 
$
1,051,110

 
$

 
$
1,286


* Rounds to zero.
 

See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.







4

Table of Contents

KKR Real Estate Finance Trust Inc. and Subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited)
(Amounts in thousands)
 
 
For the Six Months Ended June 30,
 
 
2019
 
2018
Cash Flows From Operating Activities
 
 
 
 
Net income (loss)
 
$
41,597

 
$
47,407

Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:
 
 
 
 
Amortization of deferred debt issuance costs and discounts
 
8,496

 
2,442

Accretion of net deferred loan fees and discounts
 
(10,545
)
 
(3,177
)
Change in non-cash net assets of consolidated variable interest entities
 
2,330

 
1,939

(Gain) on sale of investment securities
 

 
(13,000
)
(Income) from equity method investments
 
(587
)
 
(1,337
)
Stock-based compensation expense
 
2,034

 
895

Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
 
 
 
 
Accrued interest receivable, net
 
(127
)
 
(2,155
)
Other assets
 
(1,135
)
 
(872
)
Due to affiliates
 
6

 
(393
)
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities
 
(199
)
 
24

Accrued interest payable
 
(1,689
)
 
2,293

Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities
 
40,181

 
34,066

 
 
 
 
 
Cash Flows From Investing Activities
 
 
 
 
Proceeds from sales of commercial mortgage-backed securities
 

 
112,747

Proceeds from sale/syndication and principal repayments of commercial mortgage loans, held-for-investment
 
968,118

 
54,060

Origination of commercial mortgage loans, held-for-investment
 
(1,784,773
)
 
(1,002,490
)
Investment in commercial mortgage-backed securities, equity method investee
 
(6,245
)
 
(8,000
)
Proceeds from commercial mortgage-backed securities, equity method investee
 

 
761

Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities
 
(822,900
)
 
(842,922
)
 
 
 
 
 
Cash Flows From Financing Activities
 
 
 
 
Proceeds from borrowings under secured financing agreements
 
2,299,598

 
807,939

Net proceeds from issuance of convertible notes
 

 
139,438

Payments of common stock dividends
 
(49,574
)
 
(41,094
)
Payments of preferred stock dividends
 
(384
)
 
(140
)
Principal repayments on borrowings under secured financing agreements
 
(1,359,260
)
 
(137,370
)
Payments of debt and collateralized debt obligation issuance costs
 
(6,168
)
 
(6,066
)
Payments of stock issuance costs
 
(801
)
 

Payments of redeemable noncontrolling interest distributions and redemptions
 

 
(3,153
)
Payments to reacquire common stock
 
(4,106
)
 
(13,456
)
Tax withholding on stock-based compensation
 
(385
)
 

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities
 
878,920

 
746,098

 
 
 
 
 
Net Increase (Decrease) in Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash
 
96,201

 
(62,758
)
Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash at Beginning of Period
 
86,531

 
103,520

Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash at End of Period
 
$
182,732

 
$
40,762

 
 
 
 
 
Supplemental Disclosure of Cash Flow Information
 
 
 
 
Cash paid during the period for interest
 
$
67,459

 
$
23,000

Cash paid during the period for income taxes
 
336

 
674

 
 
 
 
 
Supplemental Schedule of Non-Cash Investing and Financing Activities
 
 
 
 
Loan Principal Payments Held by Servicer
 
$
7,927

 
$

Dividend declared, not yet paid
 
24,915

 
23,025

Loan Participations Sold, Net (Note 7)
 
65,798

 

Funding of commercial loans, held for investment
 
(65,798
)
 

Loan Participations Sold, Net (Note 7)
 
(86,678
)
 

Repayment of commercial loans, held for investment
 
86,678

 


See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

5


KKR Real Estate Finance Trust Inc.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
(dollars in tables in thousands, except per share amounts)

Note 1. Business and Organization

KKR Real Estate Finance Trust Inc. (together with its consolidated subsidiaries, referred to throughout this report as the "Company", "KREF", "we", "us" and "our") is a Maryland corporation that was formed and commenced operations on October 2, 2014 as a mortgage "real estate investment trust" ("REIT") that focuses primarily on originating and acquiring senior loans secured by commercial real estate assets.

KREF has elected and intends to maintain its qualification to be taxed as a REIT under the requirements of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the "Internal Revenue Code"), for U.S. federal income tax purposes. As such, KREF will generally not be subject to U.S. federal income tax on that portion of its income that it distributes to stockholders if it distributes at least 90% of its REIT taxable income, determined without regard to the deduction for dividends paid and excluding any net capital gains. See Note 14 regarding taxes applicable to KREF.
 
KREF is externally managed by KKR Real Estate Finance Manager LLC ("Manager"), an indirect subsidiary of KKR & Co. Inc. (together with its subsidiaries, "KKR"), through a management agreement ("Management Agreement") pursuant to which the Manager provides a management team and other professionals who are responsible for implementing KREF’s business strategy, subject to the supervision of KREF’s board of directors. For its services, the Manager is entitled to management fees and incentive compensation, both defined in, and in accordance with the terms of, the Management Agreement (Note 12).

As of June 30, 2019, KKR beneficially owned 22,008,616 shares of KREF's common stock, of which 2,008,616 shares were held by KKR on behalf of a third-party investor.

As of June 30, 2019, KREF's principal business activities related to the origination and purchase of credit investments related to commercial real estate. Management assesses performance of KREF's current portfolio of leveraged and unleveraged commercial mortgage loans and commercial mortgage-backed securities ("CMBS") as a whole and makes operating decisions accordingly. As a result, management presents KREF's operations within a single reporting segment.

Note 2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation — The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes of KREF are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("GAAP") for interim financial information and instructions to Form 10-Q. The condensed consolidated financial statements, including these notes, are unaudited and exclude some of the disclosures required in annual financial statements. Accordingly, certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in the consolidated financial statements have been condensed or omitted. The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of KREF and its consolidated subsidiaries, and all intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated. In the opinion of management, all adjustments considered necessary for a fair presentation of KREF’s financial position, results of operations and cash flows have been included and are of a normal and recurring nature. The operating results presented for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for any other interim period or for the entire year. These condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with KREF’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2018 (the "Form 10-K").

Consolidation KREF consolidates those entities for which (i) it controls significant operating, financial and investing decisions of the entity or (ii) management determines that KREF is the primary beneficiary of entities deemed to be variable interest entities ("VIEs").

Variable Interest Entities VIEs are defined as entities in which equity investors do not have an interest with the characteristics of a controlling financial interest or do not have sufficient equity at risk for the entity to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support from other parties. A VIE is required to be consolidated only by its primary beneficiary, which is defined as the party that has the power to direct the activities of the VIE that most significantly impact its economic performance and that has the obligation to absorb losses of, or the right to receive benefits from, the VIE that could be potentially significant to the VIE (Note 8).


6


KKR Real Estate Finance Trust Inc.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
(dollars in tables in thousands, except per share amounts)

To assess whether KREF has the power to direct the activities of a VIE that most significantly impact the VIE’s economic performance, KREF considers all the facts and circumstances, including its role in establishing the VIE and its ongoing rights and responsibilities. This assessment includes, first, identifying the activities that most significantly impact the VIE’s economic performance; and second, identifying which party, if any, has power to direct those activities. To assess whether KREF has the obligation to absorb losses of, or the right to receive benefits from, the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE, KREF considers all of its economic interests and applies judgment in determining whether these interests, in the aggregate, are considered potentially significant to the VIE.

Collateralized Loan ObligationKREF consolidates a collateralized loan obligation that closed in November 2018 (“KREF 2018-FL1” or “CLO”) (Note 5). Management determined that KREF 2018-FL1 Ltd. and KREF 2018-FL1 LLC (the "CLO Issuers"), wholly-owned subsidiaries of KREF, were VIEs and that KREF was the primary beneficiary. KREF is the primary beneficiary of the VIEs since it has the ability to control the most significant activities of the CLO Issuers through ownership of non-investment grade rated subordinated controlling tranches, has the obligation to absorb losses, and the right to receive benefits, that could potentially be significant to these entities. As a result, KREF consolidates the CLO Issuers.

The collateral assets of the CLO, comprised of a pool of loan participations (Note 5) are included in “Commercial mortgage loans, held-for-investment, net” on the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The liabilities of KREF's consolidated CLO Issuers consist solely of obligations to the senior CLO noteholders, excluding subordinated CLO tranches held by KREF as such interests are eliminated in consolidation, are presented in “Collateralized loan obligation, net” in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The collateral assets of the CLO can only be used to settle the obligations of the consolidated CLO. The interest income from the CLO collateral assets and the interest expense on the CLO liabilities are presented on a gross basis in “Interest income” and “Interest expense”, respectively, in KREF's Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income.

CMBS KREF consolidates those trusts that issue beneficial ownership interests in mortgage loans secured by commercial real estate (commonly known as CMBS) when KREF holds a variable interest in, and management considers KREF to be the primary beneficiary of, those trusts. Management believes the performance of the assets that underlie CMBS issuances most significantly impacts the economic performance of the trust, and the primary beneficiary is generally the entity that conducts activities that most significantly impact the performance of the underlying assets. In particular, the most subordinate tranches of CMBS expose the holder to the greater variability of economic performance when compared to more senior tranches since the subordinate tranches absorb a disproportionately higher amount of the credit risk related to the underlying assets. Generally, a trust designates the most junior subordinate tranche outstanding as the controlling class, which entitles the holder of the controlling class to unilaterally appoint and remove the special servicer for the trust. The special servicer is responsible for the servicing and administration of delinquent and nonperforming loans as well as real estate owned ("REO") properties held as collateral delivered on foreclosed loans. While the special servicer cannot prevent losses, its services to the trust are designed to mitigate credit losses to holders of the CMBS.

For the trust that KREF consolidates, KREF holds an unrated tranche that represents the most subordinated tranche of the CMBS issued by that trust, which include the controlling class. As the holder of the most subordinate tranche, KREF is in a first loss position and has the right to receive benefits. As the holder of the controlling class, KREF has the ability to unilaterally appoint and remove the special servicer for the trust. In these cases, management considers KREF to be the primary beneficiary and consolidates the CMBS trust.

For VIEs in which management determines KREF is the primary beneficiary, all of the underlying assets, liabilities and equity of the trusts are recorded on KREF's books, and the initial investment, along with any associated unrealized holding gains and losses, are eliminated in consolidation. Similarly, the interest income earned from these trusts is eliminated in consolidation.

Management elected the fair value option for KREF's initial and subsequent recognition of the assets and liabilities of KREF's consolidated CMBS VIEs in order to provide users of the financial statements with better information regarding the effects of credit risk and other market factors on the CMBS beneficially held by KREF's stockholders. Since the changes in fair value include the interest income and interest expense associated with these CMBS VIEs, management does not consider the separate presentation of the components of fair value changes to be relevant. Management has elected to present these items in aggregate as "Other IncomeChange in net assets related to CMBS consolidated variable interest entities" in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income; the residual difference between the fair value of the trust's assets and liabilities represents KREF's beneficial interest in the CMBS VIEs.


7


KKR Real Estate Finance Trust Inc.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
(dollars in tables in thousands, except per share amounts)


Management separately presents the assets and liabilities of KREF's consolidated VIEs as individual line items on KREF's Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets for entities in which the VIEs assets can only be used to settle the VIE’s obligations. The liabilities of KREF's consolidated VIEs consist solely of obligations to the CMBS holders of the consolidated trust, excluding CMBS held by KREF as such interests are eliminated in consolidation, and the interest accrued thereon, presented as "Liabilities — Variable interest entity liabilities, at fair value." The assets of KREF's consolidated VIEs consist principally of commercial mortgage loans and the interest accrued thereon, and are likewise presented as a single line item entitled "AssetsCommercial mortgage loans held in variable interest entities, at fair value."

Assets of a CMBS trust, as a whole, can only be used to settle the obligations of the consolidated CMBS VIE. The assets of KREF's CMBS VIEs are not individually accessible by, and obligations of the CMBS VIEs are not recourse to, the bondholders.

REO assets generally represent a small percentage of the overall asset pool of a CMBS trust. No REO existed in KREF's consolidated VIE assets as of June 30, 2019. KREF derives the fair value of its Level 3 CMBS VIE assets from its Level 3 CMBS VIE liabilities, which management considers to possess more observable market value data than the CMBS VIE assets. See "— Fair Value — Valuation of CMBS Consolidated VIEs" for additional discussion regarding management's valuation of consolidated CMBS VIEs.

Noncontrolling Interests — Noncontrolling interests represent the ownership interests in certain consolidated subsidiaries held by entities or persons other than KREF. Those noncontrolling interests that allow the holder to redeem before liquidation or termination of the entity that issued those interests are considered redeemable noncontrolling interests.

The redeemable noncontrolling interests issued by subsidiaries of KREF are subject to certain restrictions and require KREF to transfer assets or issue equity to satisfy the redemption. As KREF does not control the circumstances under which the noncontrolling interests may redeem their interests, management considers these redeemable noncontrolling interests as temporary equity, presented as "Temporary EquityRedeemable noncontrolling interests in equity of consolidated joint venture" in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets and their share of "Net Income (Loss)" as "Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests in Income (Loss) of Consolidated Joint Venture" in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income. KREF recorded the redeemable noncontrolling interests at fair value upon issuance by subsidiaries of KREF, and adjusts the carrying value of such interests to equal their respective redemption values at each subsequent reporting period date if KREF determines the noncontrolling interests are redeemable or probable to become redeemable.

Temporary Equity KREF determined that the Special Non-Voting Preferred Stock (“SNVPS”) became redeemable in the second quarter of 2018. As a result, starting with the second quarter of 2018, KREF adjusts the carrying value of the SNVPS to its redemption value quarterly. Accordingly, KREF adjusted the carrying value of the SNVPS to its redemption value of $2.0 million as of June 30, 2019 and recorded a ($0.2) million and ($0.8) million non-cash redemption value adjustment to the SNVPS (“SNVPS Redemption Value Adjustment”) during the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, respectively. Such adjustment is treated similar to a dividend on preferred stock for GAAP purposes, accordingly, the SNVPS Redemption Value Adjustment is therefore deducted from (or added back to) “Net Income (loss) Attributable to KKR Real Estate Finance Trust Inc. and Subsidiaries” to arrive at “Net Income (Loss) Attributable to Common Stockholders” on KREF's Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income.

Equity method investments, at fair value— Investments are accounted for under the equity method when KREF has significant influence over the operations of an investee, but KREF does not consolidate that investment. Equity method investments, for which management has not elected a fair value option, are initially recorded at cost and subsequently adjusted for KREF's share of net income or loss and cash contributions and distributions each period.

Management determined that KREF's investment in the Manager is an interest in a VIE as KREF did not have substantive participating or kick-out rights. KREF does not have the power to direct activities and the obligation to absorb losses of the Manager that could be significant to the Manager. KREF accounts for its investment in the Manager using the equity method since KREF is not the primary beneficiary of the Manager (Note 8).

Management determined that its investment in an aggregator vehicle alongside KKR Real Estate Credit Opportunity Partners L.P. ("RECOP") is an interest in a VIE, however KREF is not the primary beneficiary and does not have substantive participating or kick-out rights. Management elected the fair value option for KREF's investment in RECOP. KREF records its

8


KKR Real Estate Finance Trust Inc.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
(dollars in tables in thousands, except per share amounts)

share of net asset value in RECOP as “Equity method investments, at fair value” in its Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets and its share of unrealized gains or losses in "Income from equity method investments" in its Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income.

Use of Estimates — The preparation of condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the condensed consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Management makes subjective estimates to project cash flows KREF expects to receive on its investments in loans and securities as well as the related market discount rates, which significantly impacts the interest income, impairments, allowance for loan loss and fair values recorded or disclosed. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Fair Value GAAP requires the categorization of the fair value of financial instruments into three broad levels that form a hierarchy based on the transparency of inputs to the valuation.

Level 1
-    Inputs are unadjusted, quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities at the measurement date.

Level 2
-    Inputs are other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. Level 2 inputs include quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets, and inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability.

Level 3
-    Inputs are unobservable for the asset or liability, and include situations where there is little, if any, market activity for the asset or liability.

KREF follows this hierarchy for its financial instruments. The classifications are based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement.

Estimates of fair value for cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, and convertible notes are measured using observable, quoted market prices, or Level 1 inputs.
Valuation Process — The Manager reviews the valuation of Level 3 financial instruments as part of KKR's quarterly process. As of June 30, 2019, KKR’s valuation process for Level 3 measurements, as described below, subjected valuations to the review and oversight of various committees. KKR has a global valuation committee assisted by the asset class-specific valuation committees, including a real estate valuation committee that reviews and approves all preliminary Level 3 valuations for real estate assets, including the financial instruments held by KREF. The global valuation committee is responsible for coordinating and implementing KKR’s valuation process to ensure consistency in the application of valuation principles across portfolio investments and between periods. All Level 3 valuations are also subject to approval by the global valuation committee.

Valuation of Commercial Mortgage Loans and Participation Sold — Management generally considers KREF's commercial mortgage loans Level 3 assets in the fair value hierarchy as such assets are illiquid, structured investments that are specific to the property and its operating performance. These loans are valued using a discounted cash flow model using discount rates derived from observable market data applied to the capital structure of the respective sponsor and estimated property value. On a quarterly basis, management engages an independent valuation firm to express an opinion on the fair value of each loan categorized as a Level 3 asset in the form of a range. Management selects a value within the range provided by the independent valuation firm to assess the reasonableness of the fair value as determined by management. In the event that management's estimate of fair value differs from the opinion of fair value provided by the independent valuation firm, KREF ultimately relies solely upon the valuation prepared by the investment personnel of the Manager.

Valuation of CLO Consolidated VIEs — Management estimates the fair value of the CLO liabilities using prices obtained from an independent valuation firm. If prices received from the independent valuation firm are inconsistent with values determined in connection with management’s independent review, management makes inquiries to the independent valuation firm about the prices received and related methods. In the event management determines the price obtained from an independent valuation firm to be unreliable or an inaccurate representation of the fair value of the CLO liabilities (based on considerations given to observable market data), management then compiles evidence independently and presents the independent valuation firm with such evidence supporting a different value. As a result, the independent valuation firm may revise their price accordingly.

9


KKR Real Estate Finance Trust Inc.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
(dollars in tables in thousands, except per share amounts)

However, if management continues to disagree with the price from the independent valuation firm, in light of evidence presented that management compiled independently and believes to be compelling, management considers the independent valuation firm's quotation unreliable or inaccurate representation of the fair value of the CLO liabilities.

In the event that the quotation from the independent valuation firm is not available or determined to be unreliable or an inadequate representation of the fair value of the CLO liabilities, valuations are prepared using inputs based on non-binding broker quotes obtained from independent, well-known, major financial brokers that are CLO market makers. In validating any non-binding broker quote used in this circumstance, management compares the non-binding quote to the observable market data points at such time and used to validate prices received from the independent valuation firm in addition to understanding the valuation methodologies used by the market makers. These market participants utilize a similar methodology as the independent valuation firm to value the CLO liabilities, with the key input of expected yield determined independently based on both observable and unobservable factors (as described above). To avoid reliance on any single broker-dealer, management receives a minimum of two non-binding quotes, of which the average is used.

Valuation of CMBS Consolidated VIEs — Management categorizes the financial assets and liabilities of the CMBS trusts that KREF consolidates as Level 3 assets and liabilities in the fair value hierarchy and has elected the fair value option for financial assets and liabilities of each CMBS trust. Management has adopted the measurement alternative included in Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") No. 2014-13, Measuring the Financial Assets and the Financial Liabilities of a Consolidated Collateralized Financing Entity ("ASU 2014-13"). Pursuant to ASU 2014-13, management measures both the financial assets and financial liabilities of the CMBS trusts consolidated by KREF using the fair value of the financial liabilities, which management considers more observable than the fair value of the financial assets. As a result, KREF presents the CMBS issued by the consolidated trust, but not beneficially owned by KREF's stockholders, as financial liabilities in KREF's condensed consolidated financial statements, measured at their estimated fair value; KREF measures the financial assets as the total estimated fair value of the CMBS issued by the consolidated trust, regardless of whether such CMBS represent interests beneficially owned by KREF's stockholders. Under the measurement alternative prescribed by ASU 2014-13, KREF's "Net Income (Loss)" reflects the economic interests in the consolidated CMBS beneficially owned by KREF's stockholders, presented as "Change in net assets related to CMBS consolidated variable interest entities" in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income, which includes applicable (i) changes in the fair value of CMBS beneficially owned by KREF, (ii) interest and servicing fees earned from the CMBS trust and (iii) other residual returns or losses of the CMBS trust, if any (Note 8).

Other Valuation Matters — For Level 3 financial assets originated, or otherwise acquired, and financial liabilities assumed during the calendar month immediately preceding a quarter end that were conducted in an orderly transaction with an unrelated party, management generally believes that the transaction price provides the most observable indication of fair value given the illiquid nature of these financial instruments, unless management is aware of any circumstances that may cause a material change in the fair value through the remainder of the reporting period. For instance, significant changes to the underlying property or its planned operations may cause material changes in the fair value of commercial mortgage loans acquired, or originated, by KREF.

KREF’s determination of fair value is based upon the best information available for a given circumstance and may incorporate assumptions that are management’s best estimates after consideration of a variety of internal and external factors. When an independent valuation firm expresses an opinion on the fair value of a financial instrument in the form of a range, management selects a value within the range provided by the independent valuation firm, generally the midpoint, to assess the reasonableness of management’s estimated fair value for that financial instrument.

See Note 13 for additional information regarding the valuation of KREF's financial assets and liabilities.

Sales of Financial Assets and Financing Agreements KREF will, from time to time, sell loans, securities and other assets as well as finance assets in the form of secured borrowings. In each case, management evaluates whether the transaction constitutes a sale through legal isolation of the transferred financial asset from KREF, the ability of the transferee to pledge or exchange the transferred asset without constraint and the transfer of control of the transferred asset. For transfers that constitute sales, KREF (i) recognizes the financial assets it retains and liabilities it has incurred, if any, (ii) derecognizes the financial assets it has sold, and derecognizes liabilities when extinguished and (iii) recognizes a realized gain, or loss, based upon the excess, or deficient, proceeds received over the carrying value of the transferred asset. KREF does not recognize a gain, or loss, on interests retained, if any, where management elected the fair value option prior to sale.


10


KKR Real Estate Finance Trust Inc.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
(dollars in tables in thousands, except per share amounts)


Balance Sheet Measurement

Cash and Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash KREF considers cash equivalents as highly liquid short-term investments with maturities of 90 days or less when purchased. Substantially all amounts on deposit with major financial institutions exceed insured limits.

KREF must also maintain sufficient cash and cash equivalents to satisfy liquidity covenants related to its secured financing agreements. However, such amounts are not restricted from use in KREF's current operations, and KREF does not present these cash and cash equivalents as restricted. As of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, KREF was required to maintain unrestricted cash and cash equivalents of at least $26.1 million and $15.2 million, respectively, to satisfy its liquidity covenants (Note 4).

Commercial Mortgage Loans Held‑For‑Investment and Provision for Loan Losses KREF recognizes its investments in commercial mortgage loans based on management's intent, and KREF's ability, to hold those investments through their contractual maturity. Management classifies those loans that management does not intend to sell in the foreseeable future, and KREF is able to hold until maturity, as held-for-investment. Loans that are held‑for‑investment are carried at their aggregate outstanding face amount, net of applicable (i) unamortized origination or acquisition premiums and discounts, (ii) unamortized deferred nonrefundable fees and other direct loan origination costs, (iii) allowance for loan losses and (iv) charge-offs or write-downs of impaired loans. If a loan is determined to be impaired, management writes down the loan through a charge to the provision for loan losses. See "—Expense RecognitionLoan ImpairmentCommercial Mortgage Loans, Held-For-Investment" for additional discussion regarding management’s determination for loan losses. KREF applies the interest method to amortize origination or acquisition premiums and discounts and deferred nonrefundable fees or other direct loan origination costs, or on a straight line basis when it approximates the interest method. Loans for which management elects the fair value option at the time of origination, or acquisition, are carried at fair value on a recurring basis (Note 3).

Commercial Mortgage Loans Held‑For‑Sale — Loans that KREF originates, or acquires, which KREF is unable to hold, or management intends to sell or otherwise dispose of, in the foreseeable future are classified as held‑for‑sale and are carried at the lower of amortized cost or fair value.

Secured Financing Agreements KREF's secured financing agreements, including uncommitted repurchase facilities, Term Lending Agreement, Asset Specific Financings and Term Loan Financings, are treated as floating-rate collateralized financing arrangements carried at their contractual amounts, net of unamortized debt issuance costs (Note 4). Included within KREF's secured financing agreements is KREF's corporate revolving credit facility ("Revolver"), which is full recourse to certain guarantor wholly-owned subsidiaries of KREF.

Convertible Notes, Net KREF accounts for its convertible debt with a cash conversion feature in accordance with ASC 470-20 “Debt with Conversion and Other Options” which requires the liability and equity components of convertible debt instruments that may be settled in cash upon conversion, including partial cash settlement, to be separately accounted for in a manner that reflects the issuer’s nonconvertible debt borrowing rate. The initial proceeds from the sale of convertible notes are allocated between a liability component and an equity component in a manner that reflects interest expense at the rate of similar nonconvertible debt that could have been issued at such time. The equity component represents the excess initial proceeds received over the fair value of the liability component of the notes as of the date of issuance. KREF measured the estimated fair value of the debt component of the 6.125% convertible senior notes due May 15, 2023 (“Convertible Notes”) as of the issuance date based on KREF’s nonconvertible debt borrowing rate. The equity component of the Convertible Notes is reflected within additional paid-in capital on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, and the resulting debt discount is amortized over the period during which such Convertible Notes are expected to be outstanding (through the maturity date) as additional non-cash interest expense using the interest method, or on a straight line basis when it approximates the interest method. The additional non-cash interest expense attributable to such convertible notes will increase in subsequent periods through the maturity date as the notes accrete to their par value over the same period (Note 6).

Loan Participations Sold, Net — In connection with its investments in commercial real estate loans, KREF finances certain investments through the syndication of non-recourse, or limited-recourse, loan participation to unaffiliated third parties. KREF’s presentation of the senior loan and related financing involved in the syndication depends upon whether GAAP recognized the transaction as a sale, though such differences in presentation do not generally impact KREF’s net stockholders’ equity or net income aside from timing differences in the recognition of certain transaction costs.

11


KKR Real Estate Finance Trust Inc.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
(dollars in tables in thousands, except per share amounts)


To the extent that GAAP recognizes a sale resulting from the syndication, KREF derecognizes the participation in the senior/whole loan that KREF sold and continues to carry the retained portion of the loan as an investment. While KREF does not generally expect to recognize a material gain or loss on these sales, KREF would realize a gain or loss in an amount equal to the difference between the net proceeds received from the third party purchaser and its carrying value of the loan participation that KREF sold at time of sale. Furthermore, KREF recognizes interest income only on the portion of the loan that it retains as a result of the sale.
To the extent that GAAP does not recognize a sale resulting from the syndication, KREF does not derecognize the participation in the senior/whole loan that it sold. Instead, KREF recognizes a loan participation sold liability in an amount equal to the principal of the loan participation syndicated less any unamortized discounts or financing costs resulting from the syndication. KREF continues to recognize interest income on the entire senior loan, including the interest attributable to the loan participation sold, as well as interest expense on the loan participation sold liability (Note 7).
Other Assets and Accounts Payable, Accrued Expenses and Other Liabilities — As of June 30, 2019, other assets primarily included a $7.9 million loan principal payment receivable from a third-party servicer and $2.7 million of deferred financing costs related to KREF's corporate revolving credit facility (Note 4). As of December 31, 2018, other assets included $1.4 million of deferred financing costs related to KREF's revolving credit facility and $1.3 million of collateralized loan obligations interest receivable on collateral assets held by a third-party servicer. As of June 30, 2019, accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities mainly consisted of $3.3 million of accrued expenses and $0.5 million of good faith deposits. As of December 31, 2018, accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities included $2.0 million of accrued share buybacks and $1.0 million of accrued deferred financing costs and offering costs.

Special Non-Voting Preferred Stock — Equity instruments that are redeemable for cash or other assets are classified as temporary equity if the instrument is redeemable, at the option of the holder, at a fixed or determinable price on a fixed or determinable date or upon the occurrence of an event that is not solely within the control of the issuer. Redeemable equity instruments are initially carried at the fair value of the equity instrument at the issuance date, which is subsequently adjusted at each balance sheet date if the instrument is currently redeemable or probable of becoming redeemable. KREF accounted for the SNVPS as redeemable preferred stock since a third party holds a redemption option, exercisable after May 5, 2018, and such redemption is not solely within KREF's control. The SNVPS became redeemable in the second quarter of 2018. As a result, starting with the second quarter of 2018, KREF adjusts the carrying value of the SNVPS to its redemption value quarterly. Accordingly, KREF adjusted the carrying value of the SNVPS to its redemption value of $2.0 million as of June 30, 2019 and recorded a ($0.2) million and ($0.8) million non-cash SNVPS Redemption Value Adjustment during the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, respectively.

Income Recognition

Interest Income — Loans where management expects to collect all contractually required principal and interest payments are considered performing loans. KREF accrues interest income on performing loans based on the outstanding principal amount and contractual terms of the loan. Interest income also includes origination fees and direct loan origination costs for loans that KREF originates, but where management did not elect the fair value option, as a yield adjustment using the interest method over the loan term, or on a straight line basis when it approximates the interest method. KREF expenses origination fees and direct loan origination costs for loans acquired, but not originated, by KREF as well as loans for which management elected the fair value option, as incurred.

Realized Gain (Loss) on Sale of Investments KREF recognizes the excess, or deficiency, of net proceeds received, less the net carrying value of such investments, as realized gains or losses, respectively. KREF reverses cumulative, unrealized gains or losses previously reported in its Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income with respect to the investment sold at the time of sale.

Expense Recognition

Loan Impairment — KREF holds commercial mortgage loans for both investment and sale, which management periodically evaluates for impairment.
    

12


KKR Real Estate Finance Trust Inc.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
(dollars in tables in thousands, except per share amounts)

Commercial Mortgage Loans, Held-For-Investment — For each loan in KREF's portfolio, management performs a quarterly evaluation of impairment indicators of loans classified as held‑for‑investment using applicable loan, property, market and sponsor information obtained from borrowers, loan servicers and local market participants. Such indicators may include the net present value of the underlying collateral, property operating cash flows, the sponsor’s financial wherewithal and competency in managing the property, macroeconomic trends, and property submarket-specific economic factors. The evaluation of these indicators of impairment requires significant judgment by management to determine whether failure to collect contractual amounts is probable.

If management deems that it is probable that KREF will be unable to collect all amounts owed according to the contractual terms of a loan, impairment of that loan is indicated. If management considers a loan to be impaired, management establishes an allowance for loan losses, through a valuation provision in earnings, which reduces the carrying value of the loan to the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s contractual effective rate or the fair value of the collateral, if repayment is expected solely from the collateral. Significant judgment is required in determining impairment and in estimating the resulting loss allowance, and actual losses, if any, could materially differ from those estimates.

Management considers loans to be past due when a monthly payment is due and unpaid for 60 days or more. Loans are placed on nonaccrual status and considered non-performing when full payment of principal and interest is in doubt, which generally occurs when principal or interest is 120 days or more past due unless the loan is both well secured and in the process of collection. Management may return a loan to accrual status when repayment of principal and interest is reasonably assured under the terms of the restructured loan. As of June 30, 2019, KREF did not hold any loans that management placed on nonaccrual status or otherwise considered past due.

In addition to reviewing commercial mortgage loans held-for-investment for impairment, the Manager evaluates KREF's commercial mortgage loans to determine if an allowance for loan loss should be established. In conjunction with this review, the Manager assesses the risk factors of each loan, and assigns a risk rating based on a variety of factors, including, without limitation, underlying real estate performance and asset value, values of comparable properties, durability and quality of property cash flows, sponsor experience and financial wherewithal, and the existence of a risk-mitigating loan structure. Additional key considerations include loan-to-value ratios, debt service coverage ratios, loan structure, real estate and credit market dynamics, and risk of default or principal loss. Based on a five-point scale, KREF's loans are rated "1" through "5," from less risk to greater risk, which ratings are defined as follows:

1—Very Low Risk—The underlying property performance has surpassed underwritten expectations, and the sponsor’s business plan is generally complete. The property demonstrates stabilized occupancy and/or rental rates resulting in strong current cash flow and/or a very low loan-to-value ratio (<65%). At the level of performance, it is very likely that the underlying loan can be refinanced easily in the period’s prevailing capital market conditions.

2—Low Risk—The underlying property performance has matched or exceeded underwritten expectations, and the sponsor’s business plan may be ahead of schedule or has achieved some or many of the major milestones from a risk mitigation perspective. The property has achieved improving occupancy at market rents, resulting in sufficient current cash flow and/or a low loan-to-value ratio (65%-70%). Operating trends are favorable, and the underlying loan can be refinanced in today’s prevailing capital market conditions. The sponsor/manager is well capitalized or has demonstrated a history of success in owning or operating similar real estate.

3—Average Risk—The underlying property performance is in-line with underwritten expectations, or the sponsor may be in the early stages of executing its business plan. Current cash flow supports debt service payments, or there is an ample interest reserve or loan structure in place to provide the sponsor time to execute the value-improvement plan. The property exhibits a moderate loan-to-value ratio (<75%). Loan structure appropriately mitigates additional risks. The sponsor/manager has a stable credit history and experience owning or operating similar real estate.

4—High Risk/Potential for Loss: A loan that has a risk of realizing a principal loss. The underlying property performance is behind underwritten expectations, or the sponsor is behind schedule in executing its business plan. The underlying market fundamentals may have deteriorated, comparable property valuations may be declining or property occupancy has been volatile, resulting in current cash flow that may not support debt service payments. The loan exhibits a high loan-to-value ratio (>80%), and the loan covenants are unlikely to fully mitigate some risks. Interest payments may come from an interest reserve or sponsor equity.


13


KKR Real Estate Finance Trust Inc.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
(dollars in tables in thousands, except per share amounts)

5—Impaired/Loss Likely: A loan that has a very high risk of realizing a principal loss or has otherwise incurred a principal loss. The underlying property performance is significantly behind underwritten expectations, the sponsor has failed to execute its business plan and/or the sponsor has missed interest payments. The market fundamentals have deteriorated, or property performance has unexpectedly declined or valuations for comparable properties have declined meaningfully since loan origination. Current cash flow does not support debt service payments. With the current capital structure, the sponsor might not be incentivized to protect its equity without a restructuring of the loan. The loan exhibits a very high loan-to-value ratio (>90%), and default may be imminent.

Commercial Mortgage Loans, Held-For-Sale — For commercial mortgage loans held-for-sale, KREF applies the lower of cost or fair value accounting and may be required, from time to time, to record a nonrecurring fair value adjustment.

Interest Expense — Management expenses contractual interest due in accordance with KREF's financing agreements as incurred.

Deferred Debt Issuance Costs — Management capitalizes and amortizes deferred financing costs incurred in connection with financing arrangements over their respective expected term using the interest method, or on a straight line basis when it approximates the interest method. KREF presents such expensed amounts, as well as deferred amounts written off, as additional interest expense in its Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income.

General and Administrative Expenses — Management expenses general and administrative costs, including legal, diligence and audit fees; information technology costs; insurance premiums; and other costs as incurred.

Management and Incentive Compensation to Affiliate — Management fees and incentive compensation earned by the Manager on a quarterly basis in accordance with the Management Agreement (Note 12).

Income Taxes — Certain activities of KREF are conducted through joint ventures that are formed as limited liability companies, taxed as partnerships, and consolidated by KREF. Some of these joint ventures are subject to state and local income taxes, based on the tax jurisdictions in which they operate. In addition, certain activities of KREF are conducted through taxable REIT subsidiaries consolidated by KREF. Taxable REIT subsidiaries are subject to federal, state and local income taxes (Note 14).

As of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, KREF did not have any material deferred tax assets or liabilities arising from future tax consequences attributable to differences between the carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities in accordance with GAAP and their respective tax bases.

KREF recognizes tax benefits for uncertain tax positions only if it is more likely than not that the position is sustainable based on its technical merits. Interest and penalties on uncertain tax positions are included as a component of the provision for income taxes in KREF's Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income. As of June 30, 2019, KREF did not have any material uncertain tax positions.

Stock-Based Compensation

KREF's stock-based compensation consists of awards issued to employees of the Manager or its affiliates that vest over the life of the awards, as well as restricted stock units issued to certain members of KREF's board of directors. The Company early adopted ASU No. 2018-07, Improvement to Nonemployee Share-based Payment Accounting upon its issuance in June 2018. Accordingly, the Company recognizes the compensation cost of stock-based awards to its directors and employees of the Manager or its affiliates on a straight-line basis over the awards’ term at their grant date fair value.

Upon the adoption of ASU 2016-09, Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting (Topic 718), KREF elected to account for forfeitures as they occur. Refer to Note 10 for additional information.







14


KKR Real Estate Finance Trust Inc.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
(dollars in tables in thousands, except per share amounts)

Earnings per Share

KREF presents basic and diluted earnings per share ("EPS"). Basic EPS, or Net Income (Loss) Per Share of Common Stock, Basic, is calculated by dividing Net Income (Loss) Attributable to Common Stockholders by the Basic Weighted Average Number of Shares of Common Stock Outstanding, for the period.

Diluted EPS, or Net Income (Loss) Per Share of Common Stock, Diluted, is calculated by starting with Basic EPS and adding the weighted average dilutive shares issuable from restricted stock units, computed using the treasury stock method, to the weighted average common shares outstanding in the denominator. Refer to Note 9 for additional discussion of earnings per share.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Credit Losses

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses. The standard amends the existing credit loss model to reflect a reporting entity's current estimate of all expected credit losses and requires a financial asset (or a group of financial assets) measured at amortized cost basis to be presented at a net amount expected to be collected through deduction of an allowance for credit losses from the amortized cost basis of the financial asset(s). ASU No. 2016-13 is effective for KREF in the first quarter of 2020. Early adoption is permitted beginning in the first quarter of 2019. While KREF is currently evaluating the impact that ASU 2016-13 will have on KREF's consolidated financial statements, we expect that the adoption will result in an increased amount of provisions for potential loan losses as well as the recognition of such provisions earlier in the credit cycle. KREF currently does not have any provision for loan losses recorded on the condensed consolidated financial statements.



15


KKR Real Estate Finance Trust Inc.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
(dollars in tables in thousands, except per share amounts)

Note 3. Commercial Mortgage Loans

The following table summarizes KREF's investments in commercial mortgage loans as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Weighted Average
Loan Type
 
Outstanding Face Amount
 
Carrying Value
 
Loan Count
 
Floating Rate Loan %(A)
 
Coupon(A)
 
Life (Years)(B)
June 30, 2019
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Loans held-for-investment
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Senior loans(C)
 
$
4,787,004

 
$
4,759,977

 
34

 
100.0
%
 
5.6
%
 
3.8
Mezzanine loans
 
41,200

 
40,236

 
2

 
86.7

 
9.7

 
4.3
 
 
$
4,828,204

 
$
4,800,213

 
36

 
99.9
%
 
5.7
%
 
3.8
December 31, 2018
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Loans held-for-investment
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Senior loans(C)
 
$
3,970,856

 
$
3,946,086

 
33

 
100.0
%
 
6.0
%
 
3.7
Mezzanine loans
 
55,857

 
55,734

 
8

 
53.0

 
12.0

 
4.1
 
 
$
4,026,713

 
$
4,001,820

 
41

 
99.3
%
 
6.0
%
 
3.7

(A)
Average weighted by outstanding face amount of loan. Weighted average coupon assumes applicable one-month LIBOR rates of 2.40% and 2.50% as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively.
(B)
The weighted average life of each loan is based on the expected timing of the receipt of contractual cash flows assuming all extension options are exercised by the borrower.
(C)
Senior loans may include accommodation mezzanine loans in connection with the senior mortgage financing. Also, includes loan participations sold with a face amount of $65.0 million and $85.9 million, and a carrying value of $65.0 million and $85.6 million as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively. Includes CLO loan participations of $958.0 million and $1.0 billion as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively.


Activity — For the six months ended June 30, 2019, the loan portfolio activity was as follows:

 
Held-for-Investment
 
Held-for-Sale
 
Total
Balance at December 31, 2018
$
4,001,820

 
$

 
$
4,001,820

Purchases and originations, net(A)
1,850,571

 

 
1,850,571

Proceeds from sales and principal repayments(B)
(1,062,723
)
 

 
(1,062,723
)
Accretion of loan discount and other amortization, net(C)
10,545

 

 
10,545

Balance at June 30, 2019
$
4,800,213

 
$

 
$
4,800,213


(A)
Net of applicable premiums, discounts and deferred loan origination costs. Includes fundings on previously originated loans.
(B)
Includes $142.8 million in net proceeds from non-recourse sale of senior interests and $65.0 million in proceeds from pari passu loan syndication.
(C)
Includes accretion of applicable discounts and deferred loan origination costs.

As of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, there was $28.0 million and $24.9 million, respectively, of unamortized deferred loan fees and discounts included in commercial mortgage loans, held-for-investment, net on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. We recognized prepayment fee income and net accelerated fees of $0.0 million and $0.5 million, respectively, during the three months ended June 30, 2019; and $0.2 million and $2.8 million, respectively, during the six months ended June 30, 2019.










16


KKR Real Estate Finance Trust Inc.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
(dollars in tables in thousands, except per share amounts)


Loan Risk Ratings — As further described in Note 2, our Manager evaluates KREF's commercial mortgage loan portfolio on a quarterly basis. In conjunction with the quarterly commercial mortgage loan portfolio review, KREF's Manager assesses the risk factors of each loan, and assigns a risk rating based on a variety of factors. Loans are rated “1” (very low risk) through “5” Impaired/Loss Likely), which ratings are defined in Note 2. The following table allocates the principal balance and net book value of the loan portfolio based on KREF's internal risk ratings:
June 30, 2019
 
December 31, 2018
Risk Rating
 
Number of Loans
 
Net Book Value(A)
 
Total Loan Exposure(A)(B)
 
Risk Rating
 
Number of Loans
 
Net Book Value
 
Total Loan Exposure(A)(B)
1
 
3

 
$
271,853

 
$
272,571

 
1
 

 
$

 
$

2
 
3

 
220,767

 
221,629

 
2
 
8

 
466,742

 
468,860

3
 
30

 
4,242,593

 
4,411,804

 
3
 
33

 
3,535,078

 
3,625,008

4
 

 

 

 
4
 

 

 

5
 

 

 

 
5
 

 

 

 
 
36

 
$
4,735,213

 
$
4,906,004

 
 
 
41

 
$
4,001,820

 
$
4,093,868


(A)
Excludes $65.0 million pari passu loan syndication as of June 30, 2019.
(B)
In certain instances, we finance our loans through the non-recourse sale of a senior interest that is not included in our condensed consolidated financial statements. Total loan exposure includes the entire loan we originated and financed, including $142.8 million and $67.2 million of such non-consolidated interests as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively.

As of June 30, 2019, the average risk rating of KREF's portfolio was 2.8 (Average Risk), weighted by total loan exposure, with 100.0% of commercial mortgage loans held-for-investment, rated 3 (Average Risk) or better by KREF's Manager as compared to 2.9 (Average Risk) as of December 31, 2018.

Concentration of Credit Risk — The following tables present the geographies and property types of collateral underlying KREF's commercial mortgage loans as a percentage of the loans' face amounts:
 
 
June 30, 2019
 
December 31, 2018
 
 
 
June 30, 2019
 
December 31, 2018
Geography
 

 
Collateral Property Type
 

New York
 
30.2
%
 
30.3
%
 
Multifamily
 
52.5
%
 
41.0
%
California
 
8.2

 
9.7

 
Office
 
34.3

 
44.6

Pennsylvania
 
7.5

 
5.4

 
Hospitality
 
4.5

 
3.7

Florida
 
7.0

 
11.3

 
Condo(Residential)
 
3.3

 
4.3

Washington
 
7.0

 
8.3

 
Industrial
 
2.8

 
3.3

Massachusetts
 
6.9

 
4.9

 
Retail
 
2.6

 
3.1

Virginia
 
6.8

 

 
Total
 
100.0
%
 
100.0
%
Illinois
 
6.8

 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Minnesota
 
5.1

 
5.7

 
 
 
 
 
 
New Jersey
 
3.1

 
3.7

 
 
 
 
 
 
Georgia
 
2.9

 
11.1

 
 
 
 
 
 
Oregon
 
2.6

 
3.1

 
 
 
 
 
 
Washington D.C.
 
2.1

 
2.4

 
 
 
 
 
 
Colorado
 
1.7

 
2.4

 
 
 
 
 
 
Alabama
 
1.1

 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Texas
 
1.0

 
0.1

 
 
 
 
 
 
Tennessee
 

 
1.3

 
 
 
 
 
 
Other U.S.
 

 
0.3

 
 
 
 
 
 
Total
 
100.0
%
 
100.0
%
 
 
 
 
 
 


17


KKR Real Estate Finance Trust Inc.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
(dollars in tables in thousands, except per share amounts)

Note 4. Debt Obligations

The following table summarizes KREF's secured master repurchase agreements and other financing arrangements in place as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018:
 
 
June 30, 2019
 
December 31, 2018
 
 
Facility
 
Collateral
 
Facility
 
 
Month Issued
 
Outstanding Face Amount
 
Carrying Value(A)
 
Maximum Facility Size
 
Final Stated Maturity
 
Weighted Average Funding Cost(B)
 
Weighted Average Life (Years) (B)
 
Outstanding Face Amount
 
Amortized Cost Basis
 
Carrying Value
 
Weighted Average Life (Years)(C)
 
Carrying Value(A)
Master Repurchase Agreements(D)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Wells Fargo(E)
 
Oct 2015
 
$
425,134

 
$
422,138

 
$
1,000,000

 
Nov 2023
 
4.5
%
 
1.9
 
$
612,923

 
$
610,144

 
$
610,144

 
3.4
 
$
508,523

Morgan Stanley(F)
 
Dec 2016
 
491,012

 
489,423

 
750,000

 
Dec 2022
 
4.5

 
2.2
 
673,875

 
670,921

 
670,921

 
4.2
 
300,081

Goldman Sachs(G)
 
Sep 2016
 
143,016

 
142,738

 
400,000

 
Oct 2020
 
4.5

 
0.6
 
192,000

 
191,729

 
191,729

 
3.1
 
340,671

Term Lending Agreement
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
KREF Lending V(H)
 
Jun 2019
 
745,918

 
743,946

 
900,000

 
Jun 2026
 
4.5

 
2.5
 
909,029

 
899,498

 
899,498

 
4.7
 

Asset Specific Financing
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
BMO Facility(I)
 
Aug 2018
 
142,267

 
140,814

 
300,000

 
n.a
 
4.7

 
4.2
 
197,558

 
195,956

 
195,956

 
4.5
 
58,815

Revolving Credit Agreement
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Revolver(J)
 
Dec 2018
 

 

 
250,000

 
Dec 2023
 
1.1

 
0
 
n.a

 
n.a

 
n.a

 
n.a
 

Total / Weighted Average
 
$
1,947,347

 
$
1,939,059

 
$
3,600,000

 
 
 
4.5
%
 
2.3
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
$
1,208,090


(A)
Net of $8.3 million and $9.2 million unamortized debt issuance costs as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively.
(B)
Average weighted by the outstanding face amount of borrowings.
(C)
Average based on the fully extended loan maturity, weighted by the outstanding face amount of the collateral.
(D)
Borrowings under these repurchase agreements are collateralized by senior loans, held-for-investment, and bear interest equal to the sum of (i) a floating rate index, equal to one-month LIBOR, or an index approximating LIBOR, and (ii) a margin, based on the collateral. As of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the percentage of the outstanding face amount of the collateral sold and not borrowed under these repurchase agreements, or average "haircut" weighted by outstanding face amount of collateral, was 28.4% and 25.8%, respectively (or 26.1% and 23.4%, respectively, if KREF had borrowed the maximum amount approved by its repurchase agreement counterparties as of such dates).
(E)
In November 2018, KREF and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association (“Wells Fargo”) amended the September 2018 amended and restated master repurchase agreement to extend the facility maturity date. The current stated maturity date is November 2021, which does not reflect two, twelve-month facility term extensions available to KREF, which is contingent upon certain covenants and thresholds. As of June 30, 2019, the collateral-based margin was between 1.40% and 2.15%.
(F)
In November 2017, KREF and Morgan Stanley Bank, N.A. ("Morgan Stanley") amended and restated the master repurchase agreement to extend the facility maturity date and to increase the maximum facility size from $500.0 million to $600.0 million and, subject to customary conditions, permits KREF to request the facility be further increased to $750.0 million. In March 2019, the Morgan Stanley repurchase agreement was amended to extend the current stated maturity of the facility to December 2021, which does not reflect one, twelve-month facility term extension available to KREF, which is contingent upon certain covenants and thresholds. In June 2019, the Morgan Stanley repurchase agreement was amended to increase the facility amount to $750.0 million. As of June 30, 2019, the collateral-based margin was between 1.75% and 2.25%.
(G)
In October 2018, KREF and Goldman Sachs Bank USA (“Goldman Sachs”) amended the July 2018 amended and restated master repurchase agreement to modify certain terms and provisions. The amended and restated facility includes a $400.0 million term facility with a maturity of October 2020. As of June 30, 2019, the collateral-based margin was 2.00%.
(H)
In June 2019, KREF Lending V LLC, a wholly-owned indirect subsidiary of KREF, entered into a Master Repurchase and Securities Contract Agreement (the "Term Lending Agreement") with Morgan Stanley Mortgage Capital Holdings LLC ("Administrative Agent"), as administrative agent on behalf of Morgan Stanley Bank, N.A. ("Initial Buyer"), which provides for current and future financings of up to $900.0 million on a non-mark-to-market basis. Borrowings under the Term Lending Agreement are collateralized by certain loans, held for investment, and bear interest equal to one-month LIBOR, plus a 1.9% margin, inclusive of an ongoing administrative fee. The Term Lending Agreement has an initial maturity of June 2021, subject to five one-year extension options, which may be exercised by KREF upon the satisfaction of certain customary conditions and thresholds.
(I)
In August 2018, KREF entered into a $200.0 million loan financing facility with BMO Harris Bank ("BMO Facility"). The facility provides asset-based financing on a non-mark to market basis with matched-term up to five years with partial recourse to KREF. During May 2019, KREF increased the borrowing capacity to $300.0 million. As of June 30, 2019, the collateral-based margin was between 1.50% and 1.70%.
(J)
In December 2018, KREF entered into a $100.0 million corporate revolving credit facility (“Revolver”) administered by Morgan Stanley Senior Funding, Inc. In March 2019, KREF added new lenders under the Revolver increasing the borrowing capacity to $140.0 million. Additional lenders were added in April and May 2019, further increasing the borrowing capacity under the Revolver to $250.0 million. The current stated maturity of the facility is December 2023. Borrowings under the facility bear interest at a per annum rate equal to the sum of (i) a floating rate index and (ii) a fixed margin. Borrowings under this facility are full recourse to certain guarantor wholly-owned subsidiaries of KREF. As of June 30, 2019, the carrying value excluded $2.7 million unamortized debt issuance costs presented as " — Other assets" in KREF's Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

The preceding table excludes loan participations sold (Note 7).

18


KKR Real Estate Finance Trust Inc.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
(dollars in tables in thousands, except per share amounts)


As of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, KREF had outstanding repurchase agreements and a Term Lending Agreement where the amount at risk with any individual counterparty, or group of related counterparties, exceeded 10.0% of KREF’s stockholders' equity. The amount at risk under these agreements is the net counterparty exposure, defined as the excess of the carrying amount (or market value, if higher than the carrying amount, for repurchase agreements) of the assets sold under agreement to repurchase, including accrued interest plus any cash or other assets on deposit to secure the repurchase obligation, over the amount of the repurchase liability, adjusted for accrued interest. The following table summarizes certain characteristics of KREF's repurchase agreements where the amount at risk with any individual counterparty, or group of related counterparties, exceeded 10.0% of KREF’s stockholders' equity as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018:
 
 
Outstanding Face Amount
 
Net Counterparty Exposure
 
Percent of Stockholders' Equity
 
Weighted Average Life (Years)(A)
June 30, 2019
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Wells Fargo
 
$
425,134

 
$
187,629

 
16.7
%
 
1.9
Morgan Stanley
 
491,012

 
181,421

 
16.2

 
2.2
Term Lending Agreement(B)
 
745,918

 
153,626

 
13.7

 
2.5
Total / Weighted Average
 
$
1,662,064

 
$
522,676

 
46.6
%
 
2.2
December 31, 2018
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Wells Fargo
 
$
512,298

 
$
223,780

 
19.8
%
 
1.5
Morgan Stanley
 
302,595

 
145,066

 
12.8

 
1.2
Goldman Sachs
 
342,368

 
122,461

 
10.8

 
1.4
Total / Weighted Average
 
$
1,157,261

 
$
491,307

 
43.7
%
 
1.4

(A)
Average weighted by the outstanding face amount of borrowings under the secured financing agreement.
(B)
The counterparty under the Term Lending Agreement as of June 30, 2019 is Morgan Stanley Bank, N.A.

Debt obligations included in the tables above are obligations of KREF’s consolidated subsidiaries, which own the related collateral, and such collateral is generally not available to other creditors of KREF.

While KREF is generally not required to post margin under certain repurchase agreement terms for changes in general capital market conditions such as changes in credit spreads or interest rates, KREF may be required to post margin for changes in conditions to specific loans that serve as collateral for those repurchase agreements. Such changes may include declines in the appraised value of property that secures a loan or a negative change in the borrower's ability or willingness to repay a loan. To the extent that KREF is required to post margin, KREF's liquidity could be significantly impacted. Both KREF and its lenders work cooperatively to monitor the performance of the properties and operations related to KREF's loan investments to mitigate investment-specific credit risks. Additionally, KREF incorporates terms in the loans it originates to further mitigate risks related to loan nonperformance.

Term Loan Financing

In April 2018, KREF, through its consolidated subsidiaries, entered into a term loan financing agreement (“Term Loan Facility”) with third party lenders for an initial borrowing capacity of $200.0 million that was subsequently increased to $1.0 billion in October 2018. The facility provides asset-based financing on a non-mark-to-market basis with matched term up to five years and is non-recourse to KREF. Borrowings under the facility are collateralized by senior loans, held-for-investment, and bear interest equal to one-month LIBOR plus a margin. As of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the weighted average margin and interest rate on the facility were 1.5% and 3.9% and 1.4% and 3.9%, respectively. The following tables summarize our borrowings under the Term Loan Facility:
 
 
June 30, 2019
Term Loan Facility
 
Count
 
Outstanding Face Amount
 
Carrying Value
 
Wtd. Avg. Yield/Cost(A)
 
Guarantee(B)
 
Wtd. Avg. Term(C)
Collateral assets
 
13
 
$
1,178,618

 
$
1,168,885

 
L + 3.1%
 
n.a.
 
October 2023
Financing provided
 
n.a.
 
958,666

 
953,140

 
L + 1.8%
 
n.a.
 
October 2023

19


KKR Real Estate Finance Trust Inc.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
(dollars in tables in thousands, except per share amounts)

 
 
December 31, 2018
Term Loan Facility
 
Count
 
Outstanding Face Amount
 
Carrying Value
 
Wtd. Avg. Yield/Cost(A)
 
Guarantee(B)
 
Wtd. Avg. Term(C)
Collateral assets
 
10
 
$
941,905

 
$
933,179

 
L + 3.1%
 
n.a.
 
August 2023
Financing provided
 
n.a.
 
748,414

 
742,959

 
L + 1.8%
 
n.a.
 
August 2023

(A)
Floating rate loans and related liabilities are indexed to one-month LIBOR. KREF's net interest rate exposure is in direct proportion to its interest in the net assets indexed to that rate. In addition to cash coupon, yield/cost includes the amortization of deferred origination/financing costs.
(B)
Financing under the Term Loan Facility is non-recourse to KREF.
(C)
The weighted-average term is determined using the maximum maturity date of the corresponding loans, assuming all extension options are exercised by the borrower.

Activity — For the six months ended June 30, 2019, the activity related to the carrying value of KREF’s secured financing agreements were as follows:
Balance as of December 31, 2018
 
$
1,951,049

Principal borrowings
 
2,299,598

Principal repayments
 
(1,359,260
)
Deferred debt issuance costs
 
(4,698
)
Amortization of deferred debt issuance costs
 
5,510

Balance as of June 30, 2019
 
$
2,892,199




Maturities KREF’s secured financing agreements, term loan financing and other consolidated debt obligations in place as of June 30, 2019 had current contractual maturities as follows:

Year
 
Nonrecourse
 
Recourse(A)
 
Total
2019
 
$

 
$
315,300

 
$
315,300

2020
 
82,481

 
587,375

 
669,856

2021
 
674,777

 

 
674,777

2022
 
121,083

 
818,178

 
939,261

2023
 
80,325

 

 
80,325

Thereafter
 

 
226,494

 
226,494

 
 
$
958,666

 
$
1,947,347

 
$
2,906,013


(A)
Except for the Revolver, which is full recourse, amounts borrowed subject to a maximum 25.0% recourse limit.

Covenants KREF is required to comply with customary loan covenants and event of default provisions related to its secured financing agreements and Revolver, including, but not limited to, negative covenants relating to restrictions on operations with respect to KREF’s status as a REIT, and financial covenants. Such financial covenants include an interest income to interest expense ratio covenant (1.5 to 1.0); a minimum consolidated tangible net worth covenant (75.0% of the aggregate cash proceeds of any equity issuances made and any capital contributions received by KREF and certain subsidiaries or up to approximately $880.2 million depending upon the facility); a cash liquidity covenant (the greater of $10.0 million or 5.0% of KREF's recourse indebtedness); and a total indebtedness covenant (75.0% of KREF's total assets, net of VIE liabilities and non-recourse indebtedness). As of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, KREF was in compliance with its financial debt covenants.

20


Note 5. Collateralized Loan Obligation

In November 2018, KREF financed a pool of loan participations from our existing loan portfolio through a managed CLO. KREF 2018-FL1 provides KREF with match-term financing on a non-mark-to-market and non-recourse basis. KREF 2018-FL1 has a two-year reinvestment feature that allows principal proceeds of the collateral assets to be reinvested in qualifying replacement assets, subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions set forth in the indenture.

The following table outlines KREF 2018-FL1 collateral assets and respective borrowing:
 
 
June 30, 2019
Collateralized Loan Obligation
 
Count
 
Face Amount
 
Carrying Value
 
Wtd. Avg.
Yield/Cost
(B)
 
Wtd. Avg. Term(C)
Collateral assets(A)
 
23
 
$
1,000,000

 
$
1,000,000

 
L + 3.2%
 
April 2023
Financing provided
 
1
 
810,000

 
801,860

 
L + 1.8%
 
June 2036
 
 
December 31, 2018
Collateralized Loan Obligation
 
Count
 
Face Amount
 
Carrying Value
 
Wtd. Avg.
Yield/Cost
(B)
 
Wtd. Avg. Term(C)
Collateral assets(A)
 
24
 
$
1,000,000

 
$
1,000,000

 
L + 3.5%
 
December 2022
Financing provided
 
1
 
810,000

 
800,346

 
L + 1.8%
 
June 2036

(A)
Excluding $42.0 million and $0.0 million of cash, collateral assets represent 19.8% and 24.8% of the face amount of KREF's commercial mortgage loans as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively. As of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, 100% of KREF loans financed through the CLO are floating rate loans.
(B)
Yield on collateral assets is based on cash coupon. Financing cost includes amortization of deferred financing costs incurred in connection with the CLO.
(C)
Loan term represents weighted-average final maturity, assuming extension options are exercised by the borrower. Repayments of CLO notes are dependent on timing of related collateral loan asset repayments post reinvestment period. The term of the CLO notes represents the rated final distribution date.

The following table presents the KREF 2018-FL1 Assets and Liabilities included in KREF’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets:
Assets
 
June 30, 2019
 
December 31, 2018
Cash
 
$
42,000

 
$

Commercial mortgage loans, held-for-investment, net
 
958,000

 
1,000,000

Accrued interest receivable
 
3,838

 
4,263

Other assets
 
5

 
1,295

Total
 
$
1,003,843

 
$
1,005,558

Liabilities
 
 
 
 
Collateralized loan obligation, net
 
801,860

 
800,346

Accrued interest payable
 
1,396

 
3,341

Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities
 
113

 
314

Total
 
$
803,369

 
$
804,001


The following table presents the components of net interest income of KREF 2018-FL1 included in KREF’s Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income:
 
 
For the Three Months Ended June 30,
 
For the Six Months Ended June 30,
 
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
Net Interest Income
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  Interest income
 
$
14,162

 
$

 
$
28,588

 
$

  Interest expense(A)
 
10,024

 

 
19,967

 

    Net interest income
 
$
4,138

 
$

 
$
8,621

 
$


(A)
Includes $0.8 million and $1.6 million of deferred financing costs amortization for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, respectively. KREF's unamortized deferred financing costs related to KREF 2018-FL1 were $8.1 million as of June 30, 2019.

21


KKR Real Estate Finance Trust Inc.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
(dollars in tables in thousands, except per share amounts)

Note 6. Convertible Notes, Net
 
In May 2018, the Company issued $143.75 million of Convertible Notes, which bear interest at a rate of 6.125% per year, payable semi-annually in arrears on May 15 and November 15 of each year, beginning on November 15, 2018. The Convertible Notes mature on May 15, 2023, unless earlier repurchased or converted. The Convertible Notes’ issuance costs of $5.1 million are amortized through interest expense over the life of the Convertible Notes.

The initial conversion rate for the Convertible Notes is 43.9386 shares of KREF’s common stock per $1,000 principal amount of Notes, which is equivalent to an initial conversion price of approximately $22.76 per share of KREF’s common stock, which represents a 10% conversion premium over the last reported sale price of $20.69 per share of KREF’s common stock on the New York Stock Exchange on May 15, 2018. The conversion rate is subject to adjustment under certain circumstances. In addition, upon a make-whole fundamental change as defined within the indenture governing the Convertible Notes, the Company will, under certain circumstances, increase the applicable conversion rate for a holder that elects to convert its Notes in connection with such make-whole fundamental change. Prior to February 15, 2023, the Convertible Notes will be convertible only upon satisfaction of certain conditions and during certain periods, and thereafter, at any time until the close of business on the second scheduled trading day immediately preceding the maturity date. KREF will satisfy any conversion elections by paying or delivering, as the case may be, cash, shares of KREF’s common stock or a combination of cash and shares of KREF’s common stock, at its election. KREF has the intent and ability to settle the Convertible Notes in cash and, as a result, the Convertible Notes did not have an impact on our diluted earnings per share.
Upon the issuance of the Convertible Notes, the Company recorded a $1.8 million discount based on the implied value of the conversion option and an assumed effective interest rate of 6.50%, as well as $5.1 million of initial issuance costs, inclusive of the $0.8 million paid to an affiliate of KREF. Inclusive of the amortization of this discount and the issuance costs, KREF’s total cost of the May 2018 Convertible Notes issuance is 6.92% per annum.
The following table details our interest expense related to the Convertible Notes:

 
 
For the Three Months Ended June 30,
 
For the Six Months Ended June 30,
 
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
Cash coupon
 
$
2,201

 
$
1,052

 
$
4,402

 
$
1,052

Discount and issuance cost amortization
 
346

 
163

 
688

 
163

Total interest expense
 
$
2,547

 
1,215

 
5,090

 
1,215



The following table details the net book value of our Convertible Notes on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets:
 
 
 
June 30, 2019
 
December 31, 2018
Face value
 
$
143,750

 
$
143,750

Deferred financing costs
 
(3,977
)
 
(4,486
)
Unamortized discount
 
(1,397
)
 
(1,576
)
Net book value
 
$
138,376

 
$
137,688


Accrued interest payable for the Convertible Notes was $1.1 million and $1.1 million as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively. Refer to Note 2 for additional discussion of our accounting policies for the Convertible Notes.


22


KKR Real Estate Finance Trust Inc.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
(dollars in tables in thousands, except per share amounts)

Note 7. Loan Participations Sold

KREF finances certain loan investments through the syndication of a non-recourse, or limited-recourse, loan participation to unaffiliated third parties. During the three months ended March 31, 2019, KREF derecognized the loan participation sold held on its Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of December 31, 2018, as the underlying loan was fully repaid. In May 2019, KREF syndicated a $65.0 million pari passu participation in one of its loan investments with a principal balance of $286.2 million to an unaffiliated third party, at par value. Such syndication did not qualify for "sale" accounting under GAAP and therefore is consolidated in the condensed consolidated financial statements.
The following tables summarize the loan participation sold liabilities that KREF recognized since the corresponding syndications of the respective loan participations were not treated as "sales" as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018:
 
 
June 30, 2019
Loan Participations Sold
 
Count
 
Principal Balance
 
Carrying Value
 
Yield/Cost(A)
 
Guarantee
 
Term
Total loan
 
1
 
$
286,184

 
$
284,651

 
L + 3.3%
 
n.a.
 
June 2023
Pari passu loan syndication(B)(D)
 
1
 
65,000

 
65,000

 
L + 2.8%
 
n.a.
 
June 2023
 
 
December 31, 2018
Loan Participations Sold
 
Count
 
Principal Balance
 
Carrying Value
 
Yield/Cost(A)
 
Guarantee(C)
 
Term
Total loan
 
1
 
$
99,757

 
$
99,368

 
L + 3.0%
 
n.a.
 
September 2022
Senior participation(D)
 
1
 
85,880

 
85,465

 
L + 1.8%
 
n.a.
 
September 2022

(A)
Floating rate loans and related liabilities are indexed to one-month LIBOR. KREF's net interest rate exposure is in direct proportion to its interest in the net assets of the senior loan.
(B)
During the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, KREF recorded $0.4 million of interest income and $0.4 million of interest expense, respectively, related to the loan participation KREF sold, but continue to consolidate under GAAP.
(C)
As of December 31, 2018, the loan participation sold was subject to partial recourse of $10.0 million, which amount may be reduced to zero upon achievement of certain property performance metrics.
(D)
During the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, KREF recorded $0.0 million and $0.8 million of interest income and $0.0 million and$0.8 million of interest expense, respectively; and during the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, KREF recorded $0.6 million and $1.5 million of interest income and $0.7 million and $1.5 million of interest expense, respectively, related to the loan participation KREF sold.












23


KKR Real Estate Finance Trust Inc.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
(dollars in tables in thousands, except per share amounts)

Note 8. Variable Interest Entities

CMBS KREF beneficially owned CMBS with an unpaid principal balance and fair value of $34.9 million and $10.2 million, respectively, as of June 30, 2019. KREF beneficially owned CMBS with an unpaid principal balance and fair value of $34.9 million and $12.5 million, respectively, as of December 31, 2018.

KREF was required to consolidate each of the CMBS trusts acquired from the date of acquisition through the date of sale since KREF retained the controlling class and management determined KREF was the primary beneficiary of those trusts. Further, management irrevocably elected the fair value option for each of the trusts and carries the fair values of the trust's assets and liabilities at fair value in its Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets; recognizes changes in the trust's net assets, including fair value adjustments and net interest earned, in its Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income; and records cash interest received from the trusts, net of cash interest paid to CMBS not beneficially owned by KREF, as operating cash flows.

The following table presents the KREF recognized Trust's Assets and Liabilities:
 
June 30, 2019
 
December 31, 2018
Trusts' Assets
 
 
 
Commercial mortgage loans held in variable interest entities, at fair value(A)
$
1,134,579

 
$
1,092,986

Accrued interest receivable
3,922

 
4,005

 


 


Trusts' Liabilities
 
 
 
Variable interest entity liabilities, at fair value(B)
1,124,178

 
1,080,255

Accrued interest payable
3,735

 
3,818



(A)
Includes accrued interest receivable.
(B)
Includes accrued interest payable.


The following table presents "Other Income — Change in net assets related to CMBS consolidated variable interest entities":
 
For the Three Months Ended June 30,
 
For the Six Months Ended June 30,
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
Net interest earned
$
625

 
$
908

 
$
1,121

 
$
4,020

Reversal of previously unrealized (gain) loss now realized

 
(5,494
)
 

 

Unrealized gain (loss)
(2,176
)
 
(1,822
)
 
(2,330
)
 
(1,939
)
Change in net assets related to CMBS consolidated variable interest entities
$
(1,551
)
 
$
(6,408
)
 
$
(1,209
)
 
$
2,081


See Note 13 for additional information regarding the valuation of financial assets and liabilities held by KREF's consolidated VIEs.
















24


KKR Real Estate Finance Trust Inc.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
(dollars in tables in thousands, except per share amounts)

Concentration of Credit Risk — The following tables present the geographies and property types of collateral underlying the CMBS trusts consolidated by KREF, as a percentage of the collateral unpaid principal balance and weighted by the fair value of the CMBS tranches beneficially owned by KREF's stockholders:
 
 
June 30, 2019
 
December 31, 2018
 
 
 
June 30, 2019

 
December 31, 2018
Geography
 
 
 
Collateral Property Type
 
 
California
 
34.9
%
 
33.4
%
 
Retail
 
28.0
%
 
28.3
%
Texas
 
11.1

 
11.1

 
Office
 
27.5

 
27.4

New York
 
8.1

 
8.3

 
Hospitality
 
12.9

 
13.0

Missouri
 
6.2

 
5.4

 
Multifamily
 
10.3

 
9.9

Pennsylvania
 
4.3

 
5.1

 
Industrial/ Flex
 
10.3

 
9.6

Florida
 
4.0

 
4.2

 
Self Storage
 
4.7

 
5.7

Massachusetts
 
3.5

 
3.6

 
Mixed Use
 
4.3

 
3.9

Illinois
 
3.0

 
2.7

 
Mobile Home
 
1.7

 
1.7

Georgia
 
2.4

 
2.6

 
Other
 
0.3

 
0.5

New Hampshire
 
2.1

 
2.4

 
 
 
100.0
%
 
100.0
%
Delaware
 
1.8

 
1.9

 
 
 
 
 
 
Virginia
 
1.6

 
1.7

 
 
 
 
 
 
Other U.S.
 
17.0

 
17.6

 
 
 
 
 
 
Total
 
100.0
%
 
100.0
%
 
 
 
 
 
 



Collateralized Loan Obligation KREF is the primary beneficiary of a collateralized loan obligation consolidated as a VIE that closed in November 2018 (Note 5). Management considers the CLO Issuers, wholly-owned subsidiaries of KREF, to be the primary beneficiary as the CLO Issuers have the ability to control the most significant activities of the CLO, the obligation to absorb losses, and the right to receive benefits of the CLO through the subordinate interests the CLO Issuers own.

Equity method investments, at fair value KREF holds two investments in entities that it records using the equity method.

As of June 30, 2019, KREF held a 3.5% interest in RECOP, an unconsolidated VIE of which KREF is not the primary beneficiary, at its fair value of $36.8 million. The aggregator vehicle in which KREF invests is controlled and advised by affiliates of the Manager. RECOP intends to primarily acquire junior tranches of CMBS newly issued by third parties but may also make purchases on the secondary market. KREF will not pay any fees to RECOP, but KREF bears its pro rata share of RECOP's expenses. KREF reported its share of the net asset value of RECOP in its Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, presented as “Equity method investments, at fair value” and its share of net income, presented as “Income from equity method investments” in the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Income.

As of June 30, 2019, the non-voting limited liability company interests issued by the Manager, a VIE, and held by a Taxable REIT Subsidiary ("TRS") of KREF for the benefit of the holder of the SNVPS represented 4.7% of the Manager’s outstanding limited liability company interests (Note 9). KREF reported its allocable percentage of the assets and liabilities of the Manager in its Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, presented as “Equity method investments, at fair value” and its share of net income, presented as “Income from equity method investments” in the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Income.

25


KKR Real Estate Finance Trust Inc.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
(dollars in tables in thousands, except per share amounts)

Note 9. Equity

Authorized Capital — On October 2, 2014, KREF's board of directors authorized KREF to issue up to 350,000,000 shares of stock, at $0.01 par value per share, consisting of 300,000,000 shares of common stock and 50,000,000 shares of preferred stock, subject to certain restrictions on transfer and ownership of shares. Restrictions placed on the transfer and ownership of shares relate to KREF's REIT qualification requirements.

Common Stock — As further described below, since December 2015, KREF issued the following shares of common stock:
Pricing Date
 
Shares Issued
 
Net Proceeds
As of December 31, 2015
 
13,636,416

 
$
272,728

February 2016
 
2,000,000

 
40,000

May 2016
 
3,000,138

 
57,130

June 2016(A)
 
21,838

 

August 2016
 
5,500,000

 
109,875

As of December 31, 2016
 
24,158,392

 
479,733

February 2017
 
7,386,208

 
147,662

April 2017
 
10,379,738

 
207,595

May 2017- Initial Public Offering
 
11,787,500

 
219,356

As of December 31, 2017
 
53,711,838

 
1,054,346

August 2018
 
5,000,000

 
98,326

November 2018
 
500,000

 
9,351

As of December 31, 2018
 
59,211,838

 
$
1,162,023


(A)
KREF did not receive any proceeds with respect to 21,838 shares of common stock issued to certain current and former employees of, and non-employee consultants to, KKR and third-party investors in the private placement completed in March 2016, in accordance with KREF's Stockholders Agreement dated as of March 29, 2016.

In March 2016, KREF obtained $277.4 million of capital commitments in connection with the completion of a private placement priced at $20.00 per share. Of these capital commitments, $190.1 million consisted of approximately $178.4 million from third parties and approximately $11.8 million from certain current and former employees of, and non-employee consultants to, KKR. KKR committed a total of $400.0 million and third parties committed a total of $248.0 million subsequent to the private placement completion. In connection with the completion of the private placement, KREF formed an advisory board consisting of certain third-party investors. The advisory board possessed certain protective approval rights over KREF's activities outside its ordinary course of business, including certain business combinations and equity issuances. The advisory board dissolved upon KREF's public listing on May 5, 2017.

In February 2017 and April 2017, KREF called a portion of capital from investors in the private placements closed during the year ended December 31, 2016 and issued 7,386,208 and 10,379,738 common shares, at $20.00 per share, for net proceeds of $147.7 million and $207.6 million, respectively.

In connection with the capital commitments described above, third-party investors and certain current and former employees of, and non-employee consultants to, KKR were allocated non-voting limited liability company interests of the Manager. For each $100.0 million shares of KREF’s common stock acquired by investors through the private placement, the investors were allocated non-voting limited liability company interests, representing 6.67% of the Manager’s then-outstanding total limited liability company interests. Each investor was allocated its pro rata share of the non-voting limited liability company interests of the Manager based on the investor’s shares of KREF’s common stock.

In May 2017, KREF completed its initial public offering of 11,787,500 shares of its common stock at a price to the public of $20.50 per share, which included 1,537,500 shares of common stock issued in connection with the underwriters' exercise in full of their option to purchase additional shares. The value of KREF's common stock prior to its listing on the New York Stock Exchange was based upon its equity value using a combination of net asset value (market) and discounted cash flow (income) approaches.


26


KKR Real Estate Finance Trust Inc.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
(dollars in tables in thousands, except per share amounts)

In August 2018, KREF completed an underwritten public offering of 5,000,000 shares of its common stock at $19.90 per share, less applicable transaction costs, resulting in $98.3 million in net proceeds.

In November 2018, KREF completed an underwritten offering of 4,500,000 shares of its common stock at $20.00 per share, consisting of 500,000 shares issued and sold by KREF and 4,000,000 shares sold by pre-initial public offering third-party investors, resulting in $9.4 million in net proceeds to KREF.

As of June 30, 2019, KKR beneficially owned 22,008,616 shares of KREF's common stock, of which 2,008,616 shares were held by KKR on behalf of a third-party investor (Note 1).

During the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, 29,661 and 34,259 shares of common stock were issued related to the vesting of restricted stock units. Upon any payment of shares as a result of restricted stock unit vesting, the related tax withholding obligation will generally be satisfied by KREF, reducing the number of shares to be delivered by a number of shares necessary to satisfy the related applicable tax withholding obligation. Refer to Note 10 for further detail.

Of the 59,211,838 common shares KREF issued, there were 57,413,069 common shares outstanding as of June 30, 2019, which includes 63,920 net shares of common stock issued in connection with vested restricted stock units and is net of 1,862,689 common shares repurchased.

Share Repurchase Program In May 2018, KREF's board of directors approved a $100.0 million share repurchase program, effective June 12, 2018, which was scheduled to expire on June 30, 2019. On June 14, 2019, KREF's board of directors approved an extension of the program. The share repurchase program, as extended, permits us to repurchase up to $100.0 million in shares of KREF's common stock during the period from July 1, 2019 through June 30, 2020. Of this total authorized amount, $50.0 million may be covered by a pre-set trading plan meeting the requirements of Rule 10b5-1 under the Exchange Act that provides for repurchases of our common stock when the market price per share of our common stock is below book value per share (calculated in accordance with GAAP as of the end of the most recent period for which financial statements are available), and the remaining $50.0 million may be used for repurchases in the open market, or pursuant to pre-set trading plans meeting the requirements of Rule 10b5-1 under the Exchange Act, or in privately negotiated transactions, or otherwise.

During the six months ended June 30, 2019, KREF repurchased 212,809 shares of common stock under the repurchase program at an average price per share of $19.25 for a total of $4.1 million.

At the Market Stock Offering Program — On February 22, 2019, KREF entered into an equity distribution agreement with certain sales agents, pursuant to which KREF may sell, from time to time, up to an aggregate sales price of $100.0 million of its common stock pursuant to a continuous offering program (the “ATM”). Sales of KREF’s common stock made pursuant to the ATM may be made in negotiated transactions or transactions that are deemed to be “at the market” offerings as defined in Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. The timing and amount of actual sales will depend on a variety of factors including market conditions, the trading price of KREF’s common stock, KREF’s capital needs, and KREF’s determination of the appropriate sources of funding to meet such needs. KREF did not sell any shares of its common stock under the ATM during the six months ended June 30, 2019.

Dividends — During the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, KREF's board of directors declared the following dividends on shares of its common stock and special voting preferred stock:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Amount
Declaration Date
 
Record Date
 
Payment Date
 
Per Share
 
Total
2019
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
March 19, 2019
 
March 29, 2019
 
April 12, 2019
 
$
0.43

 
$
24,761

June 14, 2019
 
June 28, 2019
 
July 15, 2019
 
0.43

 
24,688

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
$
49,449

2018
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
March 12, 2018
 
March 29, 2018
 
April 13, 2018
 
$
0.40

 
$
21,230

May 7, 2018
 
June 29, 2018
 
July 13, 2018
 
0.43

 
22,804

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
$
44,034



27


KKR Real Estate Finance Trust Inc.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
(dollars in tables in thousands, except per share amounts)


Preferred Stock — On January 23, 2015, KREF issued 125 shares of Series A cumulative, non-voting preferred stock with a par value of $0.01 per share and a stated value of $1,000.00 per share ("Series A Preferred Stock") that were senior to common stock. Holders of Series A Preferred Stock were entitled to cumulative distributions of 12.5% of the stated value per annum, payable semi-annually in arrears on or before June 30 and December 31 of each year, but were unable to convert Series A Preferred Stock into common stock or vote on matters brought to KREF's stockholders. In May 2017, KREF redeemed all 125 issued and outstanding shares of Series A Preferred Stock for $0.1 million, representing the sum of $1,000.00 per share and all accrued and unpaid dividends.

Special Voting Preferred Stock — In March 2016, KREF issued one share of special voting preferred stock to KKR Fund Holdings L.P. ("KKR Fund Holdings") for $20.00 per share, which KKR Fund Holdings transferred to its subsidiary, KKR REFT Asset Holdings LLC. The holder of the special voting preferred stock has special voting rights related to the election of members to KREF's board of directors until KKR and its affiliates cease to own at least 25.0% of KREF's issued and outstanding common stock (of which 2,008,616 shares were held on behalf of a third-party investor). As of June 30, 2019, KKR and its affiliates beneficially owned 22,008,616 shares of KREF's common stock representing 38% of KREF’s issued and outstanding common stock.

Special Non-Voting Preferred Stock In connection with KREF's existing investors’ subscription for shares of KREF's common stock in the private placements prior to the initial public offering of KREF's equity on May 5, 2017, those investors were also allocated a class of non-voting limited liability company interest in the Manager ("Non-Voting Manager Units"). In February 2017, KREF issued an investor one share of SNVPS, at $0.01 per share, in lieu of that investor receiving Non-Voting Manager Units to facilitate compliance by the investor with regulatory requirements applicable to it. The corresponding Non-Voting Manager Units are held by a wholly-owned TRS of KREF ("KREF TRS"). All distributions received by KREF TRS from these Non-Voting Manager Units are passed through to the investor as preferred distributions on its SNVPS, less applicable taxes and withholdings. Except for the Non-Voting Manager Units, an indirect subsidiary of KKR ("KKR Member"), owns and controls the limited liability company interests of the Manager.

Dividends on the SNVPS are payable quarterly, and will accrue whether or not KREF has earnings, there are assets legally available for the payment of those dividends or those dividends have been declared. Any dividend payment made on the SNVPS shall first be credited against the earliest accumulated but unpaid dividend due with respect to the SNVPS. Upon redemption of the SNVPS or liquidation of KREF, the holder of the SNVPS is entitled to payment of $0.01 per share, together with any accumulated but unpaid preferred distributions, including respective call or put amounts (as defined), before any holder of junior security interests, which includes KREF's common stock. As KREF does not control the circumstances under which the holder of the SNVPS may redeem its interests, management considers the SNVPS as temporary equity (Note 2).

KREF will redeem the SNVPS at the option of the holder. Upon redemption, KREF will pay a price in cash equal to $0.01 per share of the SNVPS, together with any accumulated but unpaid preferred distributions, including respective call or put amounts (as defined), and the SNVPS will be canceled automatically and cease to be outstanding. Concurrently, upon redemption of the SNVPS, KKR Member will acquire from KREF TRS its respective Non-Voting Manager Units, resulting in a one-time gain, thus substantially eliminating the historical cumulative impact of the SNVPS redemption value adjustments recorded in KREF's permanent equity.

Earnings per Share — The following table illustrates the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018:


28


KKR Real Estate Finance Trust Inc.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
(dollars in tables in thousands, except per share amounts)

 
 
For the Three Months Ended June 30,
 
For the Six Months Ended June 30,
 
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
Numerator
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders
 
$
17,381

 
$
23,483

 
$
42,086

 
$
46,763

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Denominator
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic weighted average common shares outstanding
 
57,412,522

 
53,064,585

 
57,400,023

 
53,200,495

Dilutive restricted stock units
 
94,697

 
5,281

 
92,273

 
22,918

Diluted weighted average common shares outstanding
 
57,507,219

 
53,069,866

 
57,492,296

 
53,223,413

Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders, per:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic common share
 
$
0.30

 
$
0.44

 
$
0.73

 
$
0.88

Diluted common share
 
$
0.30

 
$
0.44

 
$
0.73

 
$
0.88





29


KKR Real Estate Finance Trust Inc.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
(dollars in tables in thousands, except per share amounts)

Note 10. Stock-based Compensation

KREF is externally managed by the Manager and does not currently have any employees. However, as of June 30, 2019, the Manager, certain individuals employed by the Manager and affiliates of the Manager, and certain members of KREF's board of directors were compensated, in part, through the issuance of stock-based awards.

As of June 30, 2019, KREF had restricted stock unit (“RSU”) awards outstanding under the KKR Real Estate Finance Trust Inc. 2016 Omnibus Incentive Plan that was adopted on February 12, 2016 and amended and restated on November 17, 2016 (the "Incentive Plan") to certain members of KREF’s board of directors and employees of the Manager or its affiliates, none of whom are KREF employees. RSUs awarded to employees of the Manager or its affiliates, generally vest over three consecutive one-year periods and awards to certain members of KREF's board of directors vest over a one-year period, pursuant to the terms of the respective award agreements and the terms of the Incentive Plan. RSU awards are not entitled to dividends until KREF issues shares of its common stock, which are issuable on a one-to-one basis upon the RSU award vesting.

The following table summarizes the activity in KREF’s outstanding RSUs and the weighted-average grant date fair value per RSU:
 
 
Restricted Stock Units
 
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value Per RSU(A)
Unvested as of December 31, 2018
 
459,179

 
$
19.33

Granted
 
12,832

 
20.26

Vested
 
(48,898
)
 
20.46

Forfeited/ cancelled
 
(4,861
)
 
19.70

Unvested as of June 30, 2019
 
418,252

 
$
19.22

(A)
The grant-date fair value is based upon the last sale price of KREF’s common stock at the date of grant.

KREF expects the unvested RSUs outstanding to vest during the following years:
Year
 
Restricted Stock Units
2019
 
126,668

2020
 
175,743

2021
 
115,841

Total
 
418,252


Upon adoption of ASU No. 2018-07 in June 2018, KREF recognizes the compensation cost of RSUs awarded to employees of the Manager, or one or more of its affiliates, on a straight-line basis over the awards’ term at their grant date fair value, consistent with the RSUs awarded to certain members of KREF's board of directors.
During the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, KREF recognized $1.0 million and $2.0 million, respectively, of stock-based compensation expense included in “General and administrative” expense in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, KREF recognized $0.3 million and $1.3 million, respectively, of stock-based compensation expense. As of June 30, 2019, there was $6.1 million of total unrecognized stock-based compensation expense related to unvested share-based compensation arrangements. This cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.1 years.

During the six months ended June 30, 2019, KREF delivered 29,661 shares of common stock for 48,898 vested RSUs. Upon any payment of shares as a result of restricted stock unit vesting, the related tax withholding obligation will generally be satisfied by KREF, reducing the number of shares to be delivered by a number of shares necessary to satisfy the related applicable tax withholding obligation. The amount results in a cash payment related to this tax liability and a corresponding adjustment to additional paid in capital on the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Changes in Stockholders' Equity. The adjustment was $0.4 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019, and is included as a reduction of capital related to the Company's equity incentive plan in the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Changes in Stockholders' Equity.


30


KKR Real Estate Finance Trust Inc.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
(dollars in tables in thousands, except per share amounts)

Refer to Note 12 for additional information regarding the Incentive Plan.

31


KKR Real Estate Finance Trust Inc.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
(dollars in tables in thousands, except per share amounts)

Note 11. Commitments and Contingencies

As of June 30, 2019, KREF was subject to the following commitments and contingencies:

Litigation — From time to time, KREF may be involved in various claims and legal actions arising in the ordinary course of business. KREF establishes an accrued liability for legal proceedings only when those matters present loss contingencies that are both probable and reasonably estimable.

As of June 30, 2019, KREF was not involved in any material legal proceedings regarding claims or legal actions against KREF.

Indemnifications — In the normal course of business, KREF enters into contracts that contain a variety of representations and warranties that provide general indemnifications and other indemnities relating to contractual performance. In addition, certain of KREF’s subsidiaries have provided certain indemnities relating to environmental and other matters and has provided nonrecourse carve-out guarantees for fraud, willful misconduct and other customary wrongful acts, each in connection with the financing of certain real estate investments that KREF has made. KREF’s maximum exposure under these arrangements is unknown as this would involve future claims that may be made against KREF that have not yet occurred. However, KREF expects the risk of material loss to be low.

Capital Commitments — As of June 30, 2019, KREF had future funding requirements of $532.6 million related to its investments in commercial mortgage loans. These future funding commitments primarily relate to construction projects, capital improvements, tenant improvements and leasing commissions. Generally, funding commitments are subject to certain conditions that must be met, such as customary construction draw certifications, minimum credit metrics or executions of new leases before advances are made to the borrower.

In January 2017, KREF committed $40.0 million to invest in an aggregator vehicle alongside RECOP. As of June 30, 2019, KREF had a remaining commitment of $4.1 million to RECOP.


32


KKR Real Estate Finance Trust Inc.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
(dollars in tables in thousands, except per share amounts)

Note 12. Related Party Transactions

Management Agreement — The Management Agreement between KREF and the Manager is a three-year agreement that provides for automatic one-year renewal periods starting October 8, 2017, subject to certain termination and nonrenewal rights, which in the case of KREF are exercisable by a two-thirds vote by the independent directors of KREF's board of directors. If the independent directors of KREF's board of directors decline to renew the Management Agreement other than for cause, KREF is required to pay the Manager a termination fee equal to three times the total 24-month trailing average annual management fee and incentive compensation earned by the Manager through the most recently completed calendar quarter.

Pursuant to the Management Agreement, the Manager, as agent to KREF and under the supervision of KREF's board of directors, manages the investments, subject to investment guidelines approved by KREF's board of directors; financing activities; and day-to-day business and affairs of KREF and its subsidiaries.

For its services to KREF, the Manager is entitled to a quarterly management fee equal to the greater of $62,500 or 0.375% of a weighted average adjusted equity and quarterly incentive compensation equal to 20.0% of the excess of (a) the trailing 12-month adjusted earnings over (b) 7.0% of the trailing 12-month weighted average adjusted equity (“Hurdle Rate”), less incentive compensation KREF already paid to the Manager with respect to the first three calendar quarters of such trailing 12-month period. The quarterly incentive compensation is calculated and paid in arrears with a three months lag.

Adjusted equity generally represents the proceeds received by KREF and its subsidiaries from equity issuances, without duplication and net of offering costs, and adjusted earnings, reduced by distributions, equity repurchases, and incentive compensation paid. Adjusted earnings generally represents the net income, or loss, attributable to equity interests in KREF and its subsidiaries, without duplication, as well as realized losses not otherwise included in such net income, or loss, excluding non-cash equity compensation expense, incentive compensation, depreciation and amortization and unrealized gains or losses, from and after the effective date to the end of the most recently completed calendar quarter. KREF's board of directors, after majority approval by independent directors, may also exclude one-time events pursuant to changes in GAAP and certain material non-cash income or expense items from adjusted earnings. For purposes of calculating incentive compensation, both adjusted equity and adjusted earnings exclude the effects of equity issued by KREF and its subsidiaries that provides for fixed distributions or other debt characteristics.

KREF is also required to reimburse the Manager or its affiliates for documented costs and expenses incurred by it and its affiliates on behalf of KREF except those specifically required to be borne by the Manager under the Management Agreement. The Manager is responsible for, and KREF does not reimburse the Manager or its affiliates for, the expenses related to investment personnel of the Manager and its affiliates who provide services to KREF. However, KREF does reimburse the Manager for KREF's allocable share of compensation paid to certain of the Manager’s non-investment personnel, based on the percentage of time devoted by such personnel to KREF's affairs.

Incentive Plan KREF's compensation committee or board of directors may administer the Incentive Plan, which provides for awards of stock options; stock appreciation rights; restricted stock; RSUs; limited partnership interests of KKR Real Estate Finance Holdings L.P. (the "Operating Partnership"), a wholly owned subsidiary of KREF, that are directly or indirectly convertible into or exchangeable or redeemable for shares of KREF's common stock pursuant to the limited partnership agreement of the Operating Partnership (“OP Interests”); awards payable by (i) delivery of KREF's common stock or other equity interests, or (ii) reference to the value of KREF's common stock or other equity interests, including OP Interests; cash-based awards; or performance compensation awards.

No more than 7.5% of the issued and outstanding shares of common stock on a fully diluted basis, assuming the exercise of all outstanding stock options granted under the Incentive Plan and the conversion of all warrants and convertible securities into shares of common stock, or a total of 4,440,887 shares of common stock, will be available for awards under the Incentive Plan. In addition, (i) the maximum number of shares of common stock subject to awards granted during a single fiscal year to any non-employee director (as defined in the Incentive Plan), taken together with any cash fees paid to such non-employee director during the fiscal year, may not exceed $1.0 million and (ii) the maximum amount that can be paid to any participant for a single fiscal year during a performance period (or with respect to each single fiscal year if a performance period extends beyond a single fiscal year) pursuant to a performance compensation award denominated in cash will be $10.0 million.


33


KKR Real Estate Finance Trust Inc.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
(dollars in tables in thousands, except per share amounts)

No awards may be granted under the Incentive Plan on and after February 12, 2026. The Incentive Plan will continue to apply to awards granted prior to such date. During the six months ended June 30, 2019, KREF granted 12,832 RSUs to KREF's directors. During the year ended December 31, 2018, KREF granted 361,878 RSUs to KREF's directors and employees of the Manager. As of June 30, 2019, 3,958,715 shares of common stock remained available for awards under the Incentive Plan.

Due to Affiliates — The following table contains the amounts presented in KREF's Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets that it owes to affiliates:
 
June 30,
 
December 31,
 
2019
 
2018
Management fees
$
4,288

 
$
4,330

Expense reimbursements and other
430

 
382

 
$
4,718

 
$
4,712


Affiliates Expenses — The following table contains the amounts included in KREF's Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income that arose from transactions with the Manager:
 
 
Three Months Ended June 30,
 
Six Months Ended June 30,
 
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
Management fees
 
$
4,288

 
$
3,913

 
$
8,575

 
$
7,852

Incentive compensation
 
1,145

 

 
2,098

 

Expense reimbursements and other(A)
 
420

 
362

 
785

 
730

 
 
$
5,853

 
$
4,275

 
$
11,458

 
$
8,582


(A)
KREF presents these amounts in "Operating ExpensesGeneral and administrative" in its Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income. Affiliate expense reimbursements presented in the table above exclude the out-of-pocket amounts paid by the Manager to parties unaffiliated with the Manager on behalf of KREF, and for which KREF reimburses the Manager in cash. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, these cash reimbursements totaled $0.6 million and $1.1 million, respectively. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, these cash reimbursement totaled $0.9 million and $2.2 million, respectively.

In connection with the Term Loan Facility (Note 4), KREF paid KKR Capital Markets ("KCM"), an affiliate of the Manager, a structuring fee equal to 0.75% of the respective committed loan advances, as defined. Such fees are capitalized as deferred financing cost and amortized to interest expense over the life of the facility. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, KREF incurred $0.0 million and $1.5 million, respectively; and during the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, KREF incurred $4.5 million, in structuring fees in connection with the facility.
In connection with the BMO Facility, and in consideration for structuring and sourcing this arrangement, KREF is obligated to pay KCM, a structuring fee equal to 0.35% of the respective committed loan advances under the agreement. Such fees are capitalized as deferred financing cost and amortized to interest expense over the life of the facility. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, KREF incurred $0.0 million and $0.2 million, respectively, in structuring fees in connection with the facility.

In connection with the CLO issuance, and in consideration for its services as the co-placement agent, KREF incurred and paid KCM, a $0.9 million placement agent fee equal to 0.105% of the CLO proceeds in the fourth quarter of 2018. The fee was capitalized as deferred financing cost and amortized to interest expense over the weighted average life of the collateral assets.

In connection with the Revolver, and in consideration for structuring and sourcing this arrangement, KREF paid KCM, a structuring fee equal to 0.75% of the aggregate amount of commitments first made available. The structuring fees are capitalized as deferred financing cost included within Other Assets in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet and amortized to interest expense over the life of the Revolver. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, KREF incurred $0.8 million and $1.1 million, respectively, in structuring fees in connection with the Revolver.

During the year ended December 31, 2018, KREF paid KCM $0.8 million in commissions in connection with the issuance of the Convertible Notes. Such amount is included in the $5.1 million Convertible Notes’ issuance cost and is amortized to interest expense over the life of the Convertible Notes.


34


KKR Real Estate Finance Trust Inc.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
(dollars in tables in thousands, except per share amounts)

In connection with the ATM, KCM, in its capacity as one of the sales agents, will receive commissions for the shares of KREF’s common stock it sells. This amount is not to exceed, but may be less than, 2.0% of the gross sales price per share. KREF did not sell any shares under the ATM during the three and six months ended June 30, 2019.


35


KKR Real Estate Finance Trust Inc.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
(dollars in tables in thousands, except per share amounts)

Note 13. Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The carrying values and fair values of KREF’s financial assets and liabilities recorded at fair value on a recurring basis, as well as other financial instruments not carried at fair value, as of June 30, 2019 were as follows:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fair Value
 
 
Principal Balance(A)
 
Carrying Value(B)
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Total
Assets
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
 
$
182,732

 
$
182,732

 
$
182,732

 
$

 
$

 
$
182,732

Commercial mortgage loans, held-for-investment, net(C)
 
4,828,204

 
4,800,213

 

 

 
4,803,942

 
4,803,942

Equity method investments, at fair value
 
37,070

 
37,070

 

 

 
37,070

 
37,070

Commercial mortgage loans held in variable interest entities, at fair value
 
1,101,156

 
1,134,579

 

 

 
1,134,579

 
1,134,579

 
 
$
6,149,162

 
$
6,154,594

 
$
182,732

 
$

 
$
5,975,591

 
$
6,158,323

Liabilities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Secured financing agreements, net
 
$
2,906,013

 
$
2,892,199

 
$

 
$

 
$
2,906,013

 
$
2,906,013

Collateralized loan obligation, net
 
810,000

 
801,860

 

 

 
812,725

 
812,725

Convertible notes, net
 
143,750

 
138,376

 
149,036

 

 

 
149,036

Loan participations sold, net
 
65,000

 
65,000

 

 

 
65,000

 
65,000

Variable interest entity liabilities, at fair value
 
1,066,214

 
1,124,178

 

 

 
1,124,178

 
1,124,178

 
 
$
4,990,977

 
$
5,021,613

 
$
149,036

 
$

 
$
4,907,916

 
$
5,056,952


(A)
The principal balance of commercial mortgage loans excludes premiums and unamortized discounts.
(B)
The carrying value of commercial mortgage loans is presented net of $28.0 million unamortized origination discounts and deferred nonrefundable fees. The carrying value of secured financing agreements is presented net of $13.8 million unamortized debt issuance costs. The carrying value of collateralized loan obligations is presented net of $8.1 million unamortized debt issuance costs.
(C)
Includes $958.0 million of CLO loan participations as of June 30, 2019. Includes senior loans for which KREF syndicated a pari passu loan participation that was not treated as a sale under GAAP, with a carrying value and a fair value of $65.0 million as of June 30, 2019.

The carrying values and fair values of KREF’s financial assets recorded at fair value on a recurring basis, as well as other financial instruments for which fair value is disclosed, as of December 31, 2018 were as follows:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fair Value
 
 
Principal Balance(A)
 
Carrying Value(B)
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Total
Assets
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
 
$
86,531

 
$
86,531

 
$
86,531

 
$

 
$

 
$
86,531

Commercial mortgage loans, held-for-investment, net(C)
 
4,026,713

 
4,001,820

 

 

 
4,007,316

 
4,007,316

Equity method investments, at fair value
 
30,734

 
30,734

 

 

 
30,734

 
30,734

Commercial mortgage loans held in variable interest entities, at fair value
 
1,127,926

 
1,092,986

 

 

 
1,092,986

 
1,092,986

 
 
$
5,271,904

 
$
5,212,071

 
$
86,531

 
$

 
$
5,131,036

 
$
5,217,567

Liabilities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Secured financing agreements, net
 
$
1,965,675

 
$
1,951,049

 
$

 
$

 
$
1,965,675

 
$
1,965,675

Collateralized loan obligation, net
 
810,000

 
800,346

 

 

 
810,000

 
810,000

Convertible notes, net
 
143,750

 
137,688

 
142,107

 

 

 
142,107

Loan participations sold, net
 
85,880

 
85,465

 

 

 
85,295

 
85,295

Variable interest entity liabilities, at fair value
 
1,092,984

 
1,080,255

 

 

 
1,080,255

 
1,080,255

 
 
$
4,098,289

 
$
4,054,803

 
$
142,107

 
$

 
$
3,941,225

 
$
4,083,332


(A)
The principal balance of commercial mortgage loans excludes premiums and discounts.
(B)
The carrying value of commercial mortgage loans is presented net of $24.9 million origination discounts and deferred nonrefundable fees. The carrying value of secured financing agreements is presented net of $14.6 million unamortized debt issuance costs. The carrying value of collateralized loan obligations is presented net of $9.7 million unamortized debt issuance costs.

36


KKR Real Estate Finance Trust Inc.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
(dollars in tables in thousands, except per share amounts)

(C)
Includes $1.0 billion of CLO loan participations as of December 31, 2018. Includes senior loans for which KREF sold a loan participation that was not treated as a sale under GAAP, with a carrying value of $85.6 million and a fair value of $85.3 million as of December 31, 2018.

KREF reported the following financial assets and liabilities at fair value on a recurring basis using Level 3 inputs as of June 30, 2019. The following table summarizes the changes in these assets and liabilities.
 
 
Assets
 
Liabilities
 
 
 
 
Commercial Mortgage Loans Held in Variable Interest Entities, at Fair Value
 
Variable Interest Entity Liabilities, at Fair Value
 
Net
Balance as of December 31, 2018
 
$
1,092,986

 
$
1,080,255

 
$
12,731

Gains (losses) included in net income
 
 
 
 
 
 
Unrealized gain (loss) included in change in net assets related to CMBS consolidated VIEs
 
68,446

 
70,776

 
(2,330
)
Purchases and sales/repayments
 
 
 
 
 
 
Sales/Repayments/Deconsolidation
 
(26,770
)
 
(26,770
)
 

Other(A)
 
(83
)
 
(83
)
 

Balance as of June 30, 2019
 
$
1,134,579

 
$
1,124,178

 
$
10,401


(A)
Amounts primarily consist of changes in accrued interest.

During the six months ended June 30, 2019, KREF contributed $6.2 million, received distributions of $1.4 million and recognized income of $1.5 million related to its investment in RECOP.

The following table contains the Level 3 inputs used to value assets and liabilities on a recurring and nonrecurring basis or where KREF discloses fair value as of June 30, 2019:
 
 
Fair Value
 
Valuation Methodologies
 
Unobservable Inputs(A)
 
Weighted Average(B)
 
Range
Assets(C)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial mortgage loans, held-for-investment, net
 
$
4,803,942

 
Discounted cash flow
 
Loan-to-value ratio
 
69.0%
 
31.7% - 89.3%
 
 
 
 
 
 
Discount rate
 
5.9%
 
3.4% - 12.7%
Commercial mortgage loans held in variable interest entities, at fair value(D)
 
1,134,579

 
Discounted cash flow
 
Yield
 
7.5%
 
2.1% - 55.1%
 
 
$
5,938,521

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Liabilities(E)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Collateralized loan obligation, net
 
$
812,725

 
Discounted cash flow
 
Yield
 
2.9%
 
2.6% - 4.1%
Variable interest entity liabilities, at fair value
 
1,124,178

 
Discounted cash flow
 
Yield
 
4.5%
 
2.1% - 11.4%
 
 
$
1,936,903

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

(A)
An increase (decrease) in the valuation input results in a decrease (increase) in value.
(B)
Represents the average of the input value, weighted by the unpaid principal balance of the financial instrument.
(C)
KREF carries a $36.8 million investment in an aggregator vehicle alongside RECOP (Note 8) at its pro rata share of the aggregator's net asset value, which management believes approximates fair value.
(D)
Management measures the fair value of "Commercial mortgage loans held in variable interest entities, at fair value" using the fair value of the CMBS trust liabilities. The Level 3 inputs presented in the table above reflect the inputs used to value the CMBS trust liabilities, including the CMBS beneficially owned by KREF stockholders eliminated in consolidation of the CMBS trusts.
(E)
Does not include $65.0 million of parri passu loan syndication which was syndicated at par value and included in “Loan participation sold, net” in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet.




37


KKR Real Estate Finance Trust Inc.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
(dollars in tables in thousands, except per share amounts)

Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis

Certain assets not measured at fair value on an ongoing basis but subject to fair value adjustments only in certain circumstances, such as when there is evidence of impairment, are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis. For commercial mortgage loans held-for-sale, KREF applies the lower of cost or fair value accounting and may be required, from time to time, to record a nonrecurring fair value adjustment. For commercial mortgage loans held-for-investment and preferred interest in joint venture held-to-maturity, KREF applies the amortized cost method of accounting, but may be required, from time to time, to record a nonrecurring fair value adjustment in the form of a valuation provision or impairment. KREF did not report any significant financial assets or liabilities at fair value on a nonrecurring basis as of June 30, 2019 or December 31, 2018.

Assets and Liabilities for Which Fair Value is Only Disclosed

KREF does not carry its secured financing agreements at fair value as management did not elect the fair value option for these liabilities. As of June 30, 2019, the fair value of KREF's financing facilities approximated their respective outstanding principal balances.


Note 14. Income Taxes

KREF has elected to be taxed as a REIT under Sections 856 through 860 of the Internal Revenue Code commencing with its taxable year ended December 31, 2014. A REIT is generally not subject to U.S. federal and state income tax on that portion of its income that is distributed to stockholders if it distributes at least 90% of its REIT taxable income, determined without regard to the deduction for dividends paid and excluding any net capital gains. A REIT will also be subject to a nondeductible excise tax to the extent certain percentages of its taxable income are not distributed within specified dates. KREF expects to distribute 100% of its net taxable income for the foreseeable future, while retaining sufficient capital to support its ongoing needs.

KREF consolidates subsidiaries that incur U.S. federal, state and local income taxes, based on the tax jurisdiction in which each subsidiary operates. During each of the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, KREF recorded a current income tax benefit/provision of $0.3 million and $0.1 million, respectively, related to operations of its taxable REIT subsidiaries and various other state and local taxes. There were no deferred tax assets or liabilities as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018.

As of June 30, 2019, tax years 2015 through 2018 remain subject to examination by taxing authorities.


38


KKR Real Estate Finance Trust Inc.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
(dollars in tables in thousands, except per share amounts)

Note 15. Subsequent Events

The following events occurred subsequent to June 30, 2019:

Investing Activities

KREF originated the following senior loan:
Description/ Location
 
Property Type
 
Month Originated
 
Maximum Face Amount
 
Initial Face Amount Funded
 
Interest Rate(A)
 
Maturity Date(B)
 
LTV
Chicago, IL
 
Office
 
July 2019
 
$
170,000

 
$
119,100

 
L + 3.2%
 
August 2024
 
59%

(A)    Floating rate based on one-month USD LIBOR.
(B)    Maturity date assumes all extension options are exercised, if applicable.

Funding of Previously Closed Loans

KREF funded approximately $32.0 million for previously closed loans.

Loan Repayments

KREF received approximately $4.4 million from loan paydowns.

Financing Activities

KREF net borrowed $98.1 million under its secured financing agreements.

Corporate Activities

Dividends

In July 2019, KREF paid $24.7 million in dividends on its common and special voting preferred stock, or $0.43 per share, with respect to the second quarter of 2019, to stockholders of record on June 28, 2019.





39


ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and notes thereto appearing elsewhere in this Form 10-Q. The historical condensed consolidated financial data discussed below reflects the historical results and financial position of KREF. In addition, this discussion and analysis contains forward-looking statements and involves numerous risks and uncertainties, including those described under “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements," in this Form 10-Q and Part I, Item 1A. "Risk Factors" in the Form 10-K. Actual results may differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements.

Overview

Our Company and Our Investment Strategy

We are a real estate finance company that focuses primarily on originating and acquiring senior loans secured by commercial real estate ("CRE") assets. We are a Maryland corporation that was formed and commenced operations on October 2, 2014, and we have elected to qualify as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Our investment strategy is to originate or acquire senior loans collateralized by institutional-quality CRE assets that are owned and operated by experienced and well-capitalized sponsors and located in liquid markets with strong underlying fundamentals. The assets in which we invest include senior loans, mezzanine loans, preferred equity and the junior-most bonds ("CMBS B-Pieces") of commercial mortgage-backed securities ("CMBS") and other real estate-related securities. Our investment allocation strategy is influenced by prevailing market conditions at the time we invest, including interest rate, economic and credit market conditions. In addition, we may invest in assets other than our target assets in the future, in each case subject to maintaining our qualification as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes and our exclusion from registration under the Investment Company Act. Our investment objective is capital preservation and generating attractive risk-adjusted returns for our stockholders over the long term, primarily through dividends.

Our Manager
       
We are externally managed by our Manager, KKR Real Estate Finance Manager LLC, an indirect subsidiary of KKR & Co. Inc. KKR is a leading global investment firm with an over 40-year history of leadership, innovation, and investment excellence and has committed $400.0 million in equity capital to us. KKR manages multiple alternative asset classes, including private equity, real estate, energy, infrastructure and credit, with strategic manager partnerships that manage hedge funds. Our Manager manages our investments and our day-to-day business and affairs in conformity with our investment guidelines and other policies that are approved and monitored by our board of directors. Our Manager is responsible for, among other matters, (i) the selection, origination or purchase and sale of our portfolio investments, (ii) our financing activities and (iii) providing us with investment advisory services. Our Manager is also responsible for our day-to-day operations and performs (or causes to be performed) such services and activities relating to our investments and business and affairs as may be appropriate. Our investment decisions are approved by an investment committee of our Manager that is comprised of senior investment professionals of KKR, including senior investment professionals of KKR's global real estate group. For a summary of certain terms of the management agreement, see Note 12 to our condensed consolidated financial statements included in this Form 10-Q.

40


Key Financial Measures and Indicators

As a real estate finance company, we believe the key financial measures and indicators for our business are earnings per share, dividends declared, Core Earnings, Net Core Earnings and book value per share.

Earnings Per Share and Dividends Declared

The following table sets forth the calculation of basic and diluted net income per share and dividends declared per share (amounts in thousands, except share and per share data):

 
Three Months Ended
 
June 30, 2019
 
March 31, 2019
Net income(A)
$
17,381

 
$
24,705

Weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding
 
 
 
Basic
57,412,522

 
57,387,386

Diluted
57,507,219
 
57,477,234
Net income per share, basic
$
0.30

 
$
0.43

Net income per share, diluted
$
0.30

 
$
0.43

Dividends declared per share
$
0.43

 
$
0.43


(A)
Represents net income attributable to common stockholders.

Core Earnings and Net Core Earnings

We use Core Earnings and Net Core Earnings to evaluate our performance excluding the effects of certain transactions and GAAP adjustments we believe are not necessarily indicative of our current loan activity and operations. Core Earnings and Net Core Earnings are measures that are not prepared in accordance with GAAP. We define Core Earnings as net income (loss) attributable to our stockholders or, without duplication, owners of our subsidiaries, computed in accordance with GAAP, including realized losses not otherwise included in GAAP net income (loss) and excluding (i) non-cash equity compensation expense, (ii) the incentive compensation payable to our Manager, (iii) depreciation and amortization, (iv) any unrealized gains or losses or other similar non-cash items that are included in net income for the applicable reporting period, regardless of whether such items are included in other comprehensive income or loss, or in net income, and (v) one-time events pursuant to changes in GAAP and certain material non-cash income or expense items after discussions between our Manager and our board of directors (and subject to the approval by a majority of our independent directors). The exclusion of depreciation and amortization from the calculation of Core Earnings only applies to debt investments related to real estate to the extent we foreclose upon the property or properties underlying such debt investments. Net Core Earnings is Core Earnings less incentive compensation payable to our Manager.

We believe providing Core Earnings and Net Core Earnings on a supplemental basis to our net income as determined in accordance with GAAP is helpful to stockholders in assessing the overall performance of our business. Core Earnings and Net Core Earnings should not be considered as a substitute for GAAP net income. We caution readers that our methodology for calculating Core Earnings and Net Core Earnings may differ from the methodologies employed by other REITs to calculate the same or similar supplemental performance measures, and as a result, our Core Earnings and Net Core Earnings may not be comparable to similar measures presented by other REITs.

We also use Core Earnings to determine the management and incentive fees we pay our Manager. For its services to KREF, our Manager is entitled to a quarterly management fee equal to the greater of $62,500 or 0.375% of a weighted average adjusted equity and quarterly incentive compensation equal to 20.0% of the excess of (a) the trailing 12-month Core Earnings over (b) 7.0% of the trailing 12-month weighted average adjusted equity (“Hurdle Rate”), less incentive compensation KREF already paid to the Manager with respect to the first three calendar quarters of such trailing 12-month period. The quarterly incentive compensation is calculated and paid in arrears with a three-month lag.







41


The following table provides a reconciliation of GAAP net income attributable to common stockholders to Core Earnings and Net Core Earnings (amounts in thousands, except share and per share data):
 
 
Three Months Ended
 
 
June 30, 2019
 
March 31, 2019
Net Income (Loss) Attributable to Common Stockholders
 
$
17,381

 
$
24,705

Adjustments
 
 
 
 
Non-cash equity compensation expense
 
1,043

 
991

Incentive compensation to affiliate
 
1,145

 
953

Depreciation and amortization
 

 

Unrealized (gains) or losses(A)
 
1,979

 
(464
)
Non-cash convertible notes discount amortization
 
90

 
89

Core Earnings(B)
 
21,638

 
26,274

Incentive compensation to affiliate
 
1,145

 
953

Net Core Earnings
 
$
20,493

 
$
25,321

Weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding
 
 
 
 
  Basic
 
57,412,522

 
57,387,386
  Diluted
 
57,507,219
 
57,477,234
Core Earnings per Diluted Weighted Average Share
 
$
0.38

 
$
0.46

Net Core Earnings per Diluted Weighted Average Share
 
$
0.36

 
$
0.44


(A)
Includes ($0.2) million non-cash redemption value adjustment of our Special Non-Voting Preferred Stock and $2.2 million of unrealized loss on CMBS B-Pieces for the three months ended June 30, 2019. Includes ($0.6) million non-cash redemption value adjustment of our Special Non-Voting Preferred Stock and $0.2 million of unrealized loss on CMBS B-Pieces for the three months ended March 31, 2019.
(B)
Excludes $0.2 million and $0.2 million, or $0.00 and $0.00 per diluted weighted average share outstanding, of net original issue discount on CMBS B-Pieces accreted as a component of taxable income during the three months ended June 30, 2019 and March 31, 2019, respectively.

Book Value per Share

We believe that book value per share is helpful to stockholders in evaluating the growth of our company as we have scaled our equity capital base and continue to invest in our target assets. The following table calculates our book value per share of common stock (amounts in thousands, except share and per share data):
 
 
June 30, 2019
 
December 31, 2018
KKR Real Estate Finance Trust Inc. stockholders' equity
 
$
1,122,004

 
$
1,132,342

Shares of common stock issued and outstanding at period end
 
57,413,069

 
57,596,217

Book value per share of common stock
 
$
19.54

 
$
19.66


Book value per share as of June 30, 2019 includes the year to date impact of a $0.8 million, or $0.01 per common share, non-cash redemption value adjustment to our redeemable Special Non-Voting Preferred Stock (“SNVPS”), resulting in a cumulative decrease of $2.0 million to our book value (“SNVPS Cumulative Impact”) as of June 30, 2019. Upon redemption of the SNVPS, our book value will increase as a result of a one-time gain, thus substantially eliminating the SNVPS Cumulative Impact on our book value. See Note 9 —Equity, to our condensed consolidated financial statements included in this Form 10-Q, for detailed discussion of the SNVPS.



42

Table of Contents

Our Portfolio

We have established a $4,951.9 million portfolio of diversified investments, consisting of performing senior loans, mezzanine loans and CMBS B-Pieces, as of June 30, 2019.

As we continue to scale our portfolio, we expect that our originations will continue to be heavily weighted toward floating-rate loans. As of June 30, 2019, 99.9% of our loans by total loan exposure earned a floating rate of interest and 92.0% of our portfolio is subject to a LIBOR floor greater than 0.50%. We expect the majority of our future investment activity to focus on originating floating-rate senior loans that we finance with our repurchase and other financing facilities, with a secondary focus on originating floating-rate loans for which we syndicate a senior position and retain a subordinated interest for our portfolio. As of June 30, 2019, our portfolio had experienced no impairments and did not contain any legacy assets that were originated prior to October 2014. As of June 30, 2019, all of our investments were located in the United States. The following charts illustrate the diversification of our portfolio, based on type of investment, interest rate, underlying property type and geographic location, as of June 30, 2019:
PIECHARTS723.JPG
The charts above are based on total assets. Total assets reflect (i) the principal amount of our senior and mezzanine loans; and (ii) the cost basis of our CMBS B-Pieces, net of VIE liabilities. In accordance with GAAP, we carry our CMBS B-Piece investments at fair value. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, we had a $2.2 million and $2.3 million of unrealized loss on our direct CMBS investment, respectively.

(A)    Excludes CMBS B-Pieces. Our CMBS B-Piece portfolio diversification is as follows and is inclusive of our $35.9 million investment in RECOP: 

Property Type: Office (27.4%). Retail (24.5%), Hospitality (15.5%), Multifamily (10.3%) and Other (22.3%). As of June 30, 2019, no other individual property type comprised more than 10% of our total CMBS B‑Piece portfolio.
Geography: California (21.9%), New York (12.5%), Texas (8.9%), Florida (5.9%) and Other (50.9%). As of June 30, 2019, no other individual geography comprised more than 5% of our total CMBS B‑Piece portfolio.
Vintage: 2015 (14.5%), 2016 (7.6%), 2017 (32.8%), 2018 (29.4%) and 2019 (15.6%).
(B)
LTV is generally based on the initial loan amount divided by the as-is appraised value as of the date the loan was originated or by the current principal amount as of the date of the most recent as-is appraised value.






43

Table of Contents


The following table details our quarterly loan activity (dollars in thousands):
 
 
Three Months Ended
 
 
June 30, 2019
 
March 31, 2019
 
December 31, 2018
 
September 30, 2018
Loan originations
 
$
1,649,600

 
$
214,000

 
$
907,982

 
$
680,500

Loan fundings(A)
 
$
1,474,022

 
$
325,787

 
$
855,369

 
$
698,047

Loan repayments(B)
 
(272,025
)
 
(648,493
)
 
(110,840
)
 
(281,436
)
Net fundings
 
1,201,997

 
(322,706
)
 
744,529

 
416,611

Loan participations sold
 

 

 

 

Non-consolidated senior interest
 
(142,800
)
 

 

 

Total activity
 
$
1,059,197

 
$
(322,706
)
 
$
744,529

 
$
416,611

(A)
Includes initial funding of new loans and additional fundings made under existing loans. Excludes fundings on loan participations sold.
(B)
Includes $65.0 million of pari passu loan syndication for the three months ended June 30, 2019.    

The following table details overall statistics for our loan portfolio as of June 30, 2019 (dollars in thousands):
 
 
 
 
Total Loan Exposure(A)
 
 
Balance Sheet Portfolio
 
Total Loan
Portfolio
 
Floating Rate Loans
 
Fixed Rate Loans
Number of loans
 
36

 
36

 
35

 
1

Principal balance
 
$
4,828,204

 
$
4,906,004

 
$
4,900,504

 
$
5,500

Carrying value
 
$
4,800,213

 
$
4,878,013

 
$
4,872,513

 
$
5,500

Unfunded loan commitments(B)
 
$
532,550

 
$
532,550

 
$
532,550

 
$

Weighted-average cash coupon(C)
 
5.7
%
 
5.7
%
 
L + 3.3
%
 
11.0
%
Weighted-average all-in yield(C)
 
6.1
%
 
6.0
%
 
L + 3.6%

 
11.7
%
Weighted-average maximum maturity (years)(D)
 
3.8

 
4.1

 
4.1

 
6.0

LTV(E)
 
66
%
 
66
%
 
66
%
 
78
%
(A)
In certain instances, we finance our loans through the non-recourse sale of a senior interest that is not included in our condensed consolidated financial statements. Total loan exposure includes the entire loan we originated and financed.
(B)
Unfunded commitments will primarily be funded to finance property improvements or lease-related expenditures by the borrowers. These future commitments will be funded over the term of each loan, subject in certain cases to an expiration date.
(C)
As of June 30, 2019, 100.0% of floating rate loans by principal balance are indexed to one-month USD LIBOR. In addition to cash coupon, all-in yield includes the amortization of deferred origination fees, loan origination costs and purchase discounts. Cash coupon and all-in yield for the total portfolio assume applicable floating benchmark rates as of June 30, 2019. L = one-month USD LIBOR rate; spot rate of 2.40% included in portfolio-wide averages represented as fixed rates.
(D)
Maximum maturity assumes all extension options are exercised by the borrower; however, our loans may be repaid prior to such date. As of June 30, 2019, based on total loan exposure, 71.6% of our loans were subject to yield maintenance or other prepayment restrictions and 28.4% were open to repayment by the borrower without penalty.
(E)
Loan-to-value ratio ("LTV") is generally based on the initial loan amount divided by the as-is appraised value as of the date the loan was originated or by the current principal amount as of the date of the most recent as-is appraised value.

44

Table of Contents

The table below sets forth additional information relating to our portfolio as of June 30, 2019 (dollars in millions):
 
Investment(A)
 
Investment Date
 
Committed Principal Amount
 
Current Principal Amount
 
Net Equity(B)
 
Location
 
Property Type
 
Coupon(C)(D)
 
Max Remaining Term (Years)(C)(E)
 
LTV(C)(F)
 
Senior Loans(G)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1
Senior Loan
 
5/22/2019
 
$
386.0

 
$
328.3

 
$
82.2

 
Brooklyn, NY
 
Multifamily
 
L + 2.7%
 
4.9

 
51
%
2
Senior Loan
 
6/28/2019
 
340.0

 
291.2

 
62.1

 
Chicago, IL
 
Multifamily
 
L + 2.8
 
7.0

 
75

3
Senior Loan
 
6/28/2019
 
338.5

 
328.5

 
86.2

 
Arlington, VA
 
Multifamily
 
L + 2.5
 
5.0

 
70

4
Senior Loan
 
5/9/2018
 
285.0

 
221.2

 
41.3

 
Queens, NY
 
Office
 
L + 3.4
 
3.9

 
71

5
Senior Loan
 
8/4/2017
 
239.2

 
158.1

 
50.1

 
New York, NY
 
Condo (Residential)
 
L + 4.8
 
1.1

 
58

6
Senior Loan
 
12/20/2018
 
234.5

 
183.1

 
30.1

 
New York, NY
 
Multifamily
 
L + 3.6
 
4.5

 
70

7
Senior Loan
 
5/23/2018
 
227.3

 
197.2

 
34.3

 
Boston, MA
 
Office
 
L + 2.4
 
3.9

 
68

8
Senior Loan
 
5/31/2019
 
216.5

 
171.9

 
28.0

 
Various
 
Multifamily
 
L + 3.5
 
4.9

 
74

9
Senior Loan
 
6/6/2019
 
186.0

 
178.5

 
34.7

 
Chicago, IL
 
Multifamily
 
L + 2.7
 
4.9

 
74

10
Senior Loan
 
4/11/2019
 
182.6

 
136.5

 
20.9

 
Philadelphia, PA
 
Office
 
L + 2.6
 
4.9

 
65

11
Senior Loan
 
11/13/2017
 
181.8

 
172.2

 
30.1

 
Minneapolis, MN
 
Office
 
L + 3.8
 
3.4

 
63

12
Senior Loan
 
9/13/2018
 
172.0

 
162.1

 
27.9

 
Seattle, WA
 
Office
 
L + 3.7
 
4.3

 
62

13
Senior Loan
 
9/9/2016
 
168.0

 
161.7

 
44.2

 
San Diego, CA
 
Office
 
L + 4.2
 
2.3

 
71

14
Senior Loan
 
6/19/2018
 
165.0

 
146.7

 
29.4

 
Philadelphia, PA
 
Office
 
L + 2.5
 
4.0

 
71

15
Senior Loan
 
12/5/2018
 
163.0

 
148.0

 
22.6

 
New York, NY
 
Multifamily
 
L + 2.6
 
4.4

 
67

16
Senior Loan
 
4/11/2017
 
162.1

 
142.7

 
42.6

 
Irvine, CA
 
Office
 
L + 3.9
 
2.8

 
62

17
Senior Loan
 
10/26/2015
 
155.0

 
125.0

 
49.5

 
Portland, OR
 
Retail
 
L + 5.5
 
1.4

 
61

18
Senior Loan
 
10/23/2017
 
150.0

 
149.7

 
35.3

 
North Bergen, NJ
 
Multifamily
 
L + 4.3
 
3.4

 
57

19
Senior Loan
 
11/9/2018
 
150.0

 
140.0

 
27.0

 
Fort Lauderdale, FL
 
Hospitality
 
L + 2.9
 
4.4

 
62

20
Senior Loan
 
3/29/2019
 
138.0

 
135.6

 
22.5

 
Boston, MA
 
Multifamily
 
L + 2.7
 
4.8

 
63

21
Senior Loan
 
11/7/2018
 
135.0

 
127.2

 
23.9

 
West Palm Beach, FL
 
Multifamily
 
L + 2.9
 
4.4

 
73

22
Senior Loan
 
9/14/2016
 
103.5

 
99.5

 
23.1

 
Crystal City, VA
 
Office
 
L + 4.5
 
2.3

 
59

23
Senior Loan
 
11/20/2018
 
103.5

 
93.7

 
33.1

 
San Diego, CA
 
Multifamily
 
L + 3.4
 
4.4

 
74

24
Senior Loan
 
9/7/2018
 
93.0

 
93.0

 
16.6

 
Seattle, WA
 
Multifamily
 
L + 2.6
 
4.2

 
76

25
Senior Loan
 
3/8/2018
 
89.0

 
87.1

 
14.5

 
Westbury, NY
 
Multifamily
 
L + 3.1
 
3.8

 
69

26
Senior Loan
 
3/29/2018
 
86.0

 
86.0

 
14.2

 
New York, NY
 
Multifamily
 
L + 2.6
 
3.8

 
48

27
Senior Loan
 
2/28/2017
 
85.9

 
84.3

 
21.3

 
Denver, CO
 
Multifamily
 
L + 3.8
 
2.7

 
75

28
Senior Loan
 
3/20/2018
 
80.7

 
80.7

 
14.4

 
Seattle, WA
 
Office
 
L + 3.6
 
3.8

 
61

29
Senior Loan
 
3/28/2018
 
80.0

 
71.1

 
12.1

 
Orlando, FL
 
Multifamily
 
L + 2.8
 
3.8

 
70

30
Senior Loan
 
10/30/2018
 
77.0

 
77.0

 
12.7

 
Philadelphia, PA
 
Multifamily
 
L + 2.7
 
4.4

 
73

31
Senior Loan
 
1/18/2019
 
76.0

 
76.0

 
15.4

 
Brooklyn, NY
 
Hospitality
 
L + 2.9
 
4.6

 
69

32
Senior Loan
 
1/16/2018
 
75.5

 
71.6

 
12.8

 
St Paul, MN
 
Office
 
L + 3.6
 
3.6

 
69

33
Senior Loan
 
7/21/2017
 
75.1

 
63.3

 
11.5

 
Queens, NY
 
Industrial
 
L + 3.7
 
3.1

 
64

34
Senior Loan
 
7/24/2018
 
74.5

 
69.8

 
13.2

 
Atlanta, GA
 
Industrial
 
L + 2.7
 
4.1

 
74

35
Senior Loan
 
10/9/2018
 
45.0

 
42.0

 
7.8

 
Queens, NY
 
Multifamily
 
L + 2.8
 
4.4

 
70

 
Total/Weighted Average Senior Loans Unlevered
 
 
 
$
5,520.1

 
$
4,900.5

 
$
1,047.7

 
 
 
 
 
   L + 3.2%
 
4.1

 
66
%
 
Mezzanine Loans
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1
Mezzanine
 
6/8/2015
 
5.5

 
5.5

 
5.5

 
Various
 
Retail
 
11.0
 
6.0

 
78

 
Total/Weighted Average Mezzanine Loans Unlevered
 
 
 
$
5.5

 
$
5.5

 
$
5.5

 
 
 
 
 
11.0%
 
6.0

 
78
%
 
CMBS B-Pieces
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1
CMBS B-Piece
 
2/10/2016
 
$

 
$

 
$
6.9

 
Various
 
Various
 
1.6%
 
6.5

 
64
%
2
CMBS B-Piece
 
5/21/2015
 
34.9

 
34.9

 
3.1

 
Various
 
Various
 
3.0
 
5.9

 
67

3
RECOP(H)
 
2/13/2017
 
40.0

 
35.9

 
35.9

 
Various
 
Various
 
4.8
 
10.0

 
58

 
Total/Weighted Average CMBS B-Pieces Unlevered
 
 
 
$
74.9

 
$
70.8

 
$
45.9

 
 
 
 
 
4.2%
 
9.2

 
60
%

45

Table of Contents

*
Numbers presented may not foot due to rounding.
(A)
Our total portfolio represents the current principal amount on senior and mezzanine loans and the net equity of our CMBS B-Piece investments.
(B)
Net equity reflects (i) the amortized cost basis of our loans, net of borrowings; (ii) the cost basis of our CMBS B-Pieces, net of VIE liabilities; and (iii) the cost basis of our investment in RECOP.
(C)
Weighted average is weighted by current principal amount for our senior and mezzanine loans and by net equity for our CMBS B-Pieces.
(D)
L = one-month USD LIBOR rate; spot rate of 2.40% included in portfolio-wide averages represented as fixed rates.
(E)
Max remaining term (years) assumes all extension options are exercised, if applicable. 
(F)
For senior loans, LTV is based on the initial loan amount divided by the as-is appraised value as of the date the loan was originated or by the current principal amount as of the date of the most recent as-is appraised value; for Senior Loan 5, LTV is based on the current principal amount divided by the adjusted appraised gross sellout value net of sales cost; for Senior Loan 6, LTV is based on the initial loan amount divided by the appraised bulk sale value assuming a condo-conversion and no renovation; for mezzanine loans, LTV is based on the current balance of the whole loan dividend by the as-is appraised value as of the date the loan was originated; for CMBS B-Pieces, LTV is based on the weighted average LTV of the underlying loan pool at issuance.
(G)
Senior loans include senior mortgages and similar credit quality investments, including junior participations in our originated senior loans for which we have syndicated the senior participations and retained the junior participations for our portfolio and excludes pari passu loan syndications.
(H)
Represents our investment in an aggregator vehicle alongside RECOP that invests in CMBS. Committed principal represents our total commitment to the aggregator vehicle whereas current principal represents the current funded amount.

Portfolio Surveillance and Credit Quality

Senior and Mezzanine Loans

Our Manager actively manages our portfolio and assesses the risk of any loan impairment by quarterly evaluating the performance of the underlying property, the valuation of comparable assets as well as the financial wherewithal of the associated borrower. Our loan documents generally give us the right to receive regular property, borrower and guarantor financial statements; approve annual budgets and tenant leases; and enforce loan covenants and remedies. In addition, our Manager evaluates the macroeconomic environment, prevailing real estate fundamentals and micro-market dynamics where the underlying property is located. Through site inspections, local market experts and various data sources, as part of its risk assessment, our Manager monitors criteria such as new supply and tenant demand, market occupancy and rental rate trends, and capitalization rates and valuation trends.

In addition to ongoing asset management, our Manager performs a quarterly review of our portfolio whereby each loan is assigned a risk rating of 1 through 5, from lowest risk to highest risk. Our Manager is responsible for reviewing, assigning and updating the risk ratings for each loan on a quarterly basis. The risk ratings are based on many factors, including, but not limited to, underlying real estate performance and asset value, values of comparable properties, durability and quality of property cash flows, sponsor experience and financial wherewithal, and the existence of a risk-mitigating loan structure. Additional key considerations include LTVs, debt service coverage ratios, real estate and credit market dynamics, and risk of default or principal loss. Based on a five-point scale, our loans are rated "1" through "5," from less risk to greater risk, which ratings are defined as follows:

1—Very Low Risk—The underlying property performance has surpassed underwritten expectations, and the sponsor’s business plan is generally complete. The property demonstrates stabilized occupancy and/or rental rates resulting in strong current cash flow and/or a very low LTV (<65%). At the level of performance, it is very likely that the underlying loan can be refinanced easily in the period’s prevailing capital market conditions.

2—Low Risk—The underlying property performance has matched or exceeded underwritten expectations, and the sponsor’s business plan may be ahead of schedule or has achieved some or many of the major milestones from a risk mitigation perspective. The property has achieved improving occupancy at market rents, resulting in sufficient current cash flow and/or a low LTV (65%-70%). Operating trends are favorable, and the underlying loan can be refinanced in today’s prevailing capital market conditions. The sponsor/manager is well capitalized or has demonstrated a history of success in owning or operating similar real estate.

3—Average Risk—The underlying property performance is in-line with underwritten expectations, or the sponsor may be in the early stages of executing its business plan. Current cash flow supports debt service payments, or there is an ample interest reserve or loan structure in place to provide the sponsor time to execute the value-improvement plan. The property exhibits a moderate LTV (<75%). Loan structure appropriately mitigates additional risks. The sponsor/manager has a stable credit history and experience owning or operating similar real estate.

4—High Risk/Potential for Loss: A loan that has a risk of realizing a principal loss. The underlying property performance is behind underwritten expectations, or the sponsor is behind schedule in executing its business plan. The underlying market fundamentals may have deteriorated, comparable property valuations may be declining or property occupancy has been volatile, resulting in current cash flow that may not support debt service payments. The loan exhibits a high LTV (>80%), and the loan covenants are unlikely to fully mitigate some risks. Interest payments may come from an interest reserve or sponsor equity.

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Table of Contents


5—Impaired/Loss Likely: A loan that has a very high risk of realizing a principal loss or has otherwise incurred a principal loss. The underlying property performance is significantly behind underwritten expectations, the sponsor has failed to execute its business plan and/or the sponsor has missed interest payments. The market fundamentals have deteriorated, or property performance has unexpectedly declined or valuations for comparable properties have declined meaningfully since loan origination. Current cash flow does not support debt service payments. With the current capital structure, the sponsor might not be incentivized to protect its equity without a restructuring of the loan. The loan exhibits a very high LTV (>90%), and default may be imminent.
(dollars in thousands)
 
June 30, 2019
Risk Rating
 
Number of Loans
 
Net Book Value(A)
 
Total Loan Exposure(A)(B)
1
 
3
 
$
271,853

 
$
272,571

2
 
3
 
220,767

 
221,629

3
 
30
 
4,242,593

 
4,411,804

4
 
 

 

5
 
 

 

 
 
36
 
$
4,735,213

 
$
4,906,004

(dollars in thousands)
 
March 31, 2019
Risk Rating
 
Number of Loans
 
Net Book Value
 
Total Loan Exposure(B)
1
 
4
 
$
328,930

 
$
329,988

2
 
3
 
216,117

 
217,336

3
 
26
 
3,139,081

 
3,156,683

4
 
 

 

5
 
 

 

 
 
33
 
$
3,684,128

 
$
3,704,007


(A)
Excludes $65.0 million pari passu loan syndication as of June 30, 2019.
(B)
In certain instances, we finance our loans through the non-recourse sale of a senior interest that is not included in our consolidated financial statements. Total loan exposure includes the entire loan we originated and financed, including $142.8 million and $0.0 million of such non-consolidated interests as of June 30, 2019 and March 31, 2019, respectively.

As of June 30, 2019, the average risk rating of KREF's portfolio was 2.8 (Average Risk), weighted by total loan exposure, with 100% of commercial mortgage loans held-for-investment, rated 3 (Average Risk) or better by our Manager as compared to 2.8 (Average Risk) as of March 31, 2019. As of June 30, 2019 and March 31, 2019, no investments were rated 4 (High Risk/Potential for Loss) or 5 (Impaired/Loss Likely).

CMBS B-Piece Investments

Our Manager has processes and procedures in place to monitor and assess the credit quality of our CMBS B-Piece investments and promote the regular and active management of these investments. This includes reviewing the performance of the real estate assets underlying the loans that collateralize the investments and determining the impact of such performance on the credit and return profile of the investments. Our Manager holds monthly surveillance calls with the special servicer of our CMBS B-Piece investments to monitor the performance of our portfolio and discuss issues associated with the loans underlying our CMBS B-Piece investments. At each meeting, our Manager is provided with a due diligence submission for each loan underlying our CMBS B-Piece investments, which includes both property- and loan-level information. These meetings assist our Manager in monitoring our portfolio, identifying any potential loan issues, determining if a re-underwriting of any loan is warranted and examining the timing and severity of any potential losses or impairments.

Valuations for our CMBS B-Piece investments are prepared using inputs from an independent valuation firm and confirmed by our Manager via quotes from two or more broker-dealers that actively make markets in CMBS. As part of the quarterly valuation process, our Manager also reviews pricing indications for comparable CMBS and monitors the credit metrics of the loans that collateralize our CMBS B-Piece investments. During the three months ended June 30, 2019, the Company marked down its CMBS investment by $2.2 million, primarily due to a newly delinquent underlying loan.

As of June 30, 2019, two underlying loans representing 1.05% of one of the CMBS pools were delinquent and in foreclosure.


47

Table of Contents



Portfolio Financing

Our portfolio financing arrangements include master repurchase agreements, term lending agreement, asset specific financing, term loan financing, collateralized loan obligations, loan participations sold and non-consolidated senior interests.

The Company continues to expand and diversify its financing sources, especially those sources that provide non-mark-to-market financing, reducing our exposure to market volatility. Our non-mark-to-market financing as of June 30, 2019 represented 73% of our portfolio financing based on outstanding principal balance, primarily as a result of our term lending agreement, asset based financing, term loan facility and collateralized loan obligations.

The following table summarizes our portfolio financing (dollars in thousands):
 
 
Portfolio Financing Outstanding Principal Balance
 
 
June 30, 2019
 
December 31, 2018
Master repurchase agreements
 
$
1,059,162

 
$
1,157,261

Term lending agreement
 
745,918

 

Asset specific financing
 
142,267

 
60,000

Term loan financing
 
958,666

 
748,414

Collateralized loan obligations
 
810,000

 
810,000

Loan participations sold(A)
 

 
85,880

Non-consolidated senior interests
 
142,800

 
67,155

Total portfolio financing
 
$
3,858,813

 
$
2,928,710


(A)
Excludes $65.0 million pari passu loan syndication as of June 30, 2019. Such syndication did not qualify for "sale" accounting under GAAP and therefore is consolidated in our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of June 30, 2019.
    
Financing Agreements

The following table details our financing agreements (dollars in thousands):
 
 
June 30, 2019
 
 
Maximum
 
Collateral
 
Borrowings
 
 
Facility Size(A)
 
Assets(B)
 
Potential(C)
 
Outstanding
 
Available
Master Repurchase Agreements
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Wells Fargo
 
$
1,000,000

 
$
612,923

 
$
440,942

 
$
425,134

 
$
15,808

Morgan Stanley
 
750,000

 
673,875

 
491,012

 
491,012

 

Goldman Sachs
 
400,000

 
192,000

 
144,000

 
143,016

 
984

Term Lending Agreement
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
KREF Lending V
 
900,000

 
909,029

 
745,918

 
745,918

 

Asset Specific Financing
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
BMO Facility
 
300,000

 
197,558

 
158,046

 
142,267

 
15,779

Term Loan Facility
 
1,000,000

 
1,178,618

 
969,102

 
958,666

 
10,436

Revolver
 
250,000

 

 
250,000

 

 
250,000

 
 
$
4,600,000

 
$
3,764,003

 
$
3,199,020

 
$
2,906,013

 
$
293,007


(A)
Maximum facility size represents the largest amount of borrowings available under a given facility once sufficient collateral assets have been approved by the lender and pledged by us.
(B)
Represents the principal balance of the collateral assets.
(C)
Potential borrowings represents the total amount we could draw under each facility based on collateral already approved and pledged. When undrawn, these amounts are available to us under the terms of each credit facility.

Master Repurchase Agreements


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Table of Contents

Currently, one of our primary sources of financing is our master repurchase facilities, which we use to finance the origination of senior loans. After a mortgage asset is identified by us, the lender agrees to advance a certain percentage of the face value of the mortgage to us in exchange for a secured interest in the mortgage.

Repurchase agreements effectively allow us to borrow against loans, participations and securities that we own in an amount generally equal to (i) the market value of such loans, participations and/or securities multiplied by (ii) the applicable advance rate. Under these agreements, we sell our loans, participations and securities to a counterparty and agree to repurchase the same loans and securities from the counterparty at a price equal to the original sales price plus an interest factor. The transaction is treated as a secured loan from the financial institution for GAAP purposes. During the term of a repurchase agreement, we receive the principal and interest on the related loans, participations and securities and pay interest to the lender under the master repurchase agreement. At any point in time, the amounts and the cost of our repurchase borrowings will be based upon the assets being financed—higher risk assets will result in lower advance rates (i.e., levels of leverage) at higher borrowing costs and vice versa. In addition, these facilities include various financial covenants and limited recourse guarantees, including those described below.

Each of our existing master repurchase facilities includes "credit mark" features. "Credit mark" provisions in repurchase facilities are designed to keep the lenders' credit exposure constant as a percentage of the underlying collateral value of the assets pledged as security to them. If the underlying collateral value decreases, the gross amount of leverage available to us will be reduced as our assets are marked to market, which would reduce our liquidity. The lender under the applicable repurchase facility sets the valuation and any revaluation of the collateral assets in its sole, good faith discretion. As a contractual matter, the lender has the right to reset the value of the assets at any time based on then-current market conditions, but the market convention is to reassess valuations on a monthly, quarterly and annual basis using the financial information delivered pursuant to the facility documentation regarding the real property, borrower and guarantor under such underlying loans. Generally, if the lender determines (subject to certain conditions) that the market value of the collateral in a repurchase transaction has decreased by more than a defined minimum amount, the lender may require us to provide additional collateral or lead to margin calls that may require us to repay all or a portion of the funds advanced. We closely monitor our liquidity and intend to maintain sufficient liquidity on our balance sheet in order to meet any margin calls in the event of any significant decreases in asset values. As of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the weighted average haircut under our repurchase agreements was 28.4% and 25.8%, respectively (or 26.1% and 23.4%, respectively, if we had borrowed the maximum amount approved by its repurchase agreement counterparties as of such dates). In addition, our existing master repurchase facilities are not entirely term-matched financings and may mature before our CRE debt investments that represent underlying collateral to those financings. As we negotiate renewals and extensions of these liabilities, we may experience lower advance rates and higher pricing under the renewed or extended agreements.

Term Lending Agreement

In June 2019, we entered into a Master Repurchase and Securities Contract Agreement (the "Term Lending Agreement") with Morgan Stanley Mortgage Capital Holdings LLC ("Administrative Agent"), as administrative agent on behalf of Morgan Stanley Bank, N.A. ("Initial Buyer"), which provides for current and future financings of up to $900.0 million on a non-mark-to-market basis. Borrowings under the Term Lending Agreement are collateralized by certain loans, held for investment, and bear interest equal to one-month LIBOR, plus a 1.9% margin, inclusive of an ongoing administrative fee. Total outstanding borrowings under the Term Lending Agreement as of June 30, 2019 totaled $745.9 million. The Term Lending Agreement has an initial maturity of June 2021, subject to five one-year extension options, which may be exercised by us upon the satisfaction of certain customary conditions and thresholds.

Asset Specific Financing

In August 2018, we entered into a $200.0 million loan financing facility with BMO Harris Bank (the "BMO Facility”). During May 2019, KREF increased the borrowing capacity to $300.0 million. The facility provides asset-based financing on a non-mark-to-market basis with matched-term up to five years with partial recourse to the Company. As of June 30, 2019, there was $142.3 million outstanding on this facility. In connection with this facility, and in consideration for structuring and sourcing this arrangement, we are obligated to pay KKR Capital Markets ("KCM"), an affiliate of the Manager, a structuring fee equal to 0.35% of the respective committed loan advances under the agreement.

Term Loan Financing

In connection with our efforts to diversify our financing sources, further expand our non-mark-to-market borrowing base and reduce our exposure to market volatility, we entered into a term loan financing agreement in April 2018 with third party lenders for an initial borrowing capacity of $200.0 million that was increased to $1,000.0 million in October 2018 (“Term Loan

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Table of Contents

Facility”). The facility provides us with asset-based financing on a non-mark-to-market basis with matched term up to five years and is non-recourse to the Company. Borrowings under the facility are collateralized by senior loans, held-for-investment, and bear interest equal to one-month LIBOR plus a margin. As of June 30, 2019, the weighted average margin and interest rate on the facility were 1.5% and 3.9%, respectively. We are obligated to pay KCM a structuring fee equal to 0.75% of the respective committed loan advances, as defined.
The following table summarizes our borrowings under the Term Loan Facility (dollars in thousands):
 
 
June 30, 2019
Term Loan Facility
 
Count
 
Outstanding Face Amount
 
Carrying Value
 
Wtd. Avg. Yield/Cost(A)
 
Guarantee(B)
 
Wtd. Avg. Term(C)
Collateral assets
 
13
 
$
1,178,618

 
$
1,168,885

 
L + 3.1%
 
n.a.
 
October 2023
Financing provided
 
n.a.
 
958,666

 
953,140

 
L + 1.8%
 
n.a.
 
October 2023
(A)
Floating rate loans and related liabilities are indexed to one-month LIBOR. The Company's net interest rate exposure is in direct proportion to its interest in the net assets indexed to that rate. In addition to cash coupon, yield/cost includes the amortization of deferred origination/financing costs.
(B)
Financing under the Term Loan Facility is non-recourse to the Company.
(C)
The weighted-average term is determined using the maximum maturity date of the corresponding loans, assuming all extension options are exercised by the borrower.

Revolving Credit Agreement

In December 2018, the Company entered into a $100.0 million corporate revolving credit facility (“Revolver”) administered by Morgan Stanley Senior Funding, Inc. In March 2019, the Company added new lenders under the Revolver increasing the borrowing capacity to $140.0 million. The borrowing capacity was further increased in April and May 2019 to $250.0 million. We may use our Revolver as a source of financing, which is designed to provide short-term liquidity to purchase loans or other eligible assets, pay operating expenses and borrow amounts for general corporate purposes. Borrowings under the Revolver bear interest at a per annum rate equal to the sum of (i) a floating rate index and (ii) a fixed margin.

Collateralized Loan Obligations

In November 2018, the Company financed a pool of loan participations from our existing loan portfolio through a managed collateralized loan obligation ("CLO" or "KREF 2018-FL1"). The CLO provides the Company with match-term financing on a non-mark-to-market and non-recourse basis. The CLO has a two-year reinvestment feature that allows principal proceeds of the collateral assets to be reinvested in qualifying replacement assets, subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions set forth in the indenture.

The following table outlines KREF 2018-FL1 collateral assets and respective borrowing as of June 30, 2019.

 
 
June 30, 2019
Collateralized Loan Obligation
 
Count
 
Face Amount
 
Carrying Value
 
Wtd. Avg.
Yield/Cost
(B)
 
Wtd. Avg. Term(C)
Collateral assets(A)
 
23
 
$
1,000,000

 
$
1,000,000

 
L + 3.2%
 
April 2023
Financing provided
 
1
 
810,000

 
801,860

 
L + 1.8%
 
June 2036

(A)
Excluding $42.0 million in cash, collateral assets represent 19.8% of the face amount of the Company's senior loans as of June 30, 2019. As of June 30, 2019, 100% of the Company's loans financed through the CLO are floating rate loans.
(B)
Yield on collateral assets is based on cash coupon. Financing cost includes amortization of deferred financing costs incurred in connection with the CLO.
(C)
Loan term represents weighted-average final maturity, assuming extension options are exercised by the borrower. Repayments of CLO notes are dependent on timing of related collateral loan asset repayments post reinvestment period. The term of the CLO notes represents the rated final distribution date.

Loan Participations Sold

In connection with our investments in commercial real estate loans, we finance certain investments through the syndication of a non-recourse, or limited-recourse, loan participation to an unaffiliated third party. Our presentation of the senior loan and related financing involved in the syndication depends upon whether GAAP recognized the transaction as a sale, though such differences in presentation do not generally impact our net stockholders’ equity or net income aside from timing differences in the recognition of certain transaction costs.

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To the extent that GAAP recognizes a sale resulting from the syndication, we derecognize the participation in the senior/whole loan that we sold and continue to carry the retained portion of the loan as an investment. While we do not generally expect to recognize a material gain or loss on these sales, we would realize a gain or loss in an amount equal to the difference between the net proceeds received from the third party purchaser and our carrying value of the loan participation we sold at time of sale. Furthermore, we recognize interest income only on the portion of the senior loan that we retain as a result of the sale.

To the extent that GAAP does not recognize a sale resulting from the syndication, we do not derecognize the participation in the senior/whole loan that we sold. Instead, we recognize a loan participation sold liability in an amount equal to the principal of the loan participation syndicated less any unamortized discounts or financing costs resulting from the syndication. We continue to recognize interest income on the entire senior loan, including the interest attributable to the loan participation sold, as well as interest expense on the loan participation sold liability.

The following table details our loan participations sold (dollars in thousands):
 
 
June 30, 2019
Loan Participations Sold
 
Count
 
Principal Balance
 
Carrying Value
 
Yield/Cost(A)
 
Guarantee
 
Term
Total loan
 
1
 
$
286,184

 
$
284,651

 
L + 3.3%
 
n.a.
 
June 2023
Pari passu loan syndication(B)
 
1
 
65,000

 
65,000

 
L + 2.8%
 
n.a.
 
June 2023

(A)
Our floating rate loans and related liabilities were indexed to one-month LIBOR. Our net interest rate exposure is in direct proportion to our net assets.
(B)
During the six months ended June 30, 2019, we recorded $0.4 million of interest income and $0.4 million of interest expense related to the pari passu loan syndicated, but continued to be consolidated under GAAP.

Non-Consolidated Senior Interests

In certain instances, we finance our loans through the non-recourse sale of a senior loan interest that is not included in our condensed consolidated financial statements. These non-consolidated senior interests provide structural leverage for our net investments, which are reflected in the form of mezzanine loans or other subordinate interests on our balance sheets and in our statements of income.

The following table details the subordinate interests retained on our balance sheet and the related non-consolidated senior interests (dollars in thousands):
 
 
June 30, 2019
Non-Consolidated Senior Interests
 
Count
 
Principal Balance
 
Carrying Value
 
Yield/Cost(A)
 
Guarantee
 
Term
Total loan
 
1
 
$
178,500

 
n.a.
 
L + 2.7%
 
n.a.
 
June 2024
Senior participation
 
1
 
142,800

 
n.a.
 
L + 1.6%
 
n.a.
 
June 2024
Subordinate interests retained
 
 
 
35,700

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

(A)
Our floating rate loans and related liabilities were indexed to one-month LIBOR. Our net interest rate exposure is in direct proportion to our net assets.

Convertible Notes

We may issue convertible debt to take advantage of favorable market conditions. In May 2018, we issued $143.75 million of 6.125% Convertible Notes due on May 15, 2023. The Convertible Notes bear interest at a rate of 6.125% per year, payable semi-annually in arrears on May 15 and November 15 of each year, beginning on November 15, 2018. The Convertible Notes mature on May 15, 2023, unless earlier repurchased or converted. Refer to Notes 2 and 6 to our condensed consolidated financial statements for additional discussion of our Convertible Notes.










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Borrowing Activities

The following tables provide additional information regarding our borrowings (dollars in thousands):
 
 
 
 
Six Months Ended
 
 
 
 
June 30, 2019
 
 
Outstanding Face Amount at
June 30, 2019
 
Average Daily Amount Outstanding(A)
 
Maximum Amount Outstanding
 
Weighted Average Daily Interest Rate
Wells Fargo
 
$
425,134

 
$
441,145

 
$
512,298

 
4.3
%
Morgan Stanley
 
491,012

 
333,743

 
615,161

 
4.5

Goldman Sachs
 
143,016

 
289,390

 
342,368

 
4.5

KREF Lending V
 
745,918

 
713,669

 
745,918

 
4.3

BMO Facility
 
142,267

 
114,570

 
142,267

 
4.2

Revolver
 

 
50,549

 
250,000

 
4.6

Term Loan Facility
 
958,666

 
785,946

 
958,666

 
3.9

Total/Weighted Average
 
$
2,906,013

 
$
2,026,366

 
 
 
4.2
%

(A)     Represents the average for the period the debt was outstanding.

 
 
Average Daily Amount Outstanding(A)
 
 
Three Months Ended
 
 
June 30, 2019
 
March 31, 2019
Wells Fargo
 
$
391,527

 
$
491,314

Morgan Stanley
 
395,960

 
270,835

Goldman Sachs
 
273,668

 
305,286

KREF Lending V
 
713,669

 

BMO Facility
 
128,320

 
100,667

Revolver
 
69,341

 
27,123

Term Loan Facility
 
849,273

 
721,915


(A)     Represents the average for the period the debt was outstanding.

Covenants—Each of our repurchase facilities, Term Lending Agreement and our Revolver contain customary terms and conditions, including, but not limited to, negative covenants relating to restrictions on our operations with respect to our status as a REIT, and financial covenants, such as:

an interest income to interest expense ratio covenant (1.5 to 1.0); 
a minimum consolidated tangible net worth covenant (75.0% of the aggregate net cash proceeds of any equity issuances made and any capital contributions received by us and KKR Real Estate Finance Holdings L.P. (our "Operating Partnership") or up to approximately $880.2 million, depending on the agreement; 
a cash liquidity covenant (the greater of $10.0 million or 5.0% of our recourse indebtedness);
a total indebtedness covenant (75.0% of our total assets, net of VIE liabilities);

As of June 30, 2019, we were in compliance with the covenants of our financing facilities.

Guarantees—In connection with each master repurchase agreement, our Operating Partnership has entered into a limited guarantee in favor of each lender, under which our Operating Partnership guarantees the obligations of the borrower under the respective master repurchase agreement (i) in the case of certain defaults, up to a maximum liability of 25.0% of the then-outstanding repurchase price of the eligible loans, participations or securities, as applicable, or (ii) up to a maximum liability of 100.0% in the case of certain "bad boy" defaults. The borrower in each case is a special purpose subsidiary of the Company.


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In connection with our Term Lending Agreement, our Operating Partnership entered into a guarantee in favor of Morgan Stanley Mortgage Capital Holdings LLC, in its capacity as the Administrative Agent, under which our Operating Partnership guarantees the obligations of the KREF Lending V LLC under the agreement. The guarantee includes; in the case of certain defaults, up to a maximum liability of 25.0% of the then outstanding aggregate repurchase price under the agreement, and liability to indemnify the Administrative Agent against losses related to "bad boy" acts. In addition, the guarantee includes certain full recourses in the case of bankruptcy of the KREF Lending V LLC.

In connection with our BMO Facility, our Operating Partnership entered into a guarantee in favor of BMO Harris Bank, N.A., in its capacity as the Administrative Agent and Lender, under which our Operating Partnership guarantees the obligations of the Company's borrower entity, under the agreement. The guarantee includes; in the case of certain defaults, up to a maximum liability of 25.0% of the then current outstanding payment obligations under the agreement, and liability to indemnify the Administrative Agent and Lender against losses related to "bad boy" acts. In addition, the guarantee includes certain full recourse insolvency-related trigger events.

With respect to our Revolver, amounts borrowed are full recourse to us.

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Table of Contents

Results of Operations

The following table summarizes the changes in our results of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 (dollars in thousands, except per share data):
 
 
For the Three Months Ended June 30,
 
Increase (Decrease)
 
For the Six Months Ended June 30,
 
Increase (Decrease)
 
 
2019
 
2018
 
Dollars
 
Percentage
 
2019
 
2018
 
Dollars
 
Percentage
Net Interest Income
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest income
 
$
62,944

 
$
40,363

 
$
22,581

 
55.9
 %
 
$
127,695

 
$
72,057

 
$
55,638

 
77.2
 %
Interest expense
 
37,089

 
18,798

 
18,291

 
97.3

 
71,931

 
29,488

 
42,443

 
143.9

Total net interest income
 
25,855

 
21,565

 
4,290

 
19.9

 
55,764

 
42,569

 
13,195

 
31.0

Other Income
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Realized gain on sale of investments
 

 
13,000

 
(13,000
)
 
(100.0
)
 

 
13,000

 
(13,000
)
 
(100.0
)
Change in net assets related to CMBS consolidated variable interest entities
 
(1,551
)
 
(6,408
)
 
4,857

 
(75.8
)
 
(1,209
)
 
2,081

 
(3,290
)
 
(158.1
)
Income from equity method investments
 
868

 
789

 
79

 
10.0

 
1,993

 
1,337

 
656

 
49.1

Other income
 
671

 
602

 
69

 
11.5

 
1,153

 
763

 
390

 
51.1

Total other income (loss)
 
(12
)
 
7,983

 
(7,995
)
 
(100.2
)
 
1,937

 
17,181

 
(15,244
)
 
(88.7
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Operating Expenses
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
General and administrative
 
2,781

 
1,686

 
1,095

 
64.9

 
5,142

 
4,349

 
793

 
18.2

Management fees to affiliate
 
4,288

 
3,913

 
375

 
9.6

 
8,575

 
7,852

 
723

 
9.2

Incentive compensation to affiliate
 
1,145

 

 
1,145

 
100.0

 
2,098

 

 
2,098

 
100.0

Total operating expenses
 
8,214

 
5,599

 
2,615

 
46.7

 
15,815

 
12,201

 
3,614

 
29.6

Income (Loss) Before Income Taxes, Noncontrolling Interests and Preferred Dividends
 
17,629

 
23,949

 
(6,320
)
 
(26.4
)
 
41,886

 
47,549

 
(5,663
)
 
(11.9
)
Income tax expense (benefit)
 
280

 
(33
)
 
313

 
(948.5
)
 
289

 
142

 
147

 
103.5

Net Income (Loss)
 
17,349

 
23,982

 
(6,633
)
 
(27.7
)
 
41,597

 
47,407

 
(5,810
)
 
(12.3
)
Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests in Income (Loss) of Consolidated Joint Venture
 

 
29

 
(29
)
 
(100.0
)
 

 
63

 
(63
)
 
(100.0
)
Net Income (Loss) Attributable to KKR Real Estate Finance Trust Inc. and Subsidiaries
 
17,349

 
23,953

 
(6,604
)
 
(27.6
)
 
41,597

 
47,344

 
(5,747
)
 
(12.1
)
Preferred Stock Dividends and Redemption Value Adjustment
 
(32
)
 
470

 
(502
)
 
(106.8
)
 
(489
)
 
581

 
(1,070
)
 
(184.2
)
Net Income (Loss) Attributable to Common Stockholders
 
$
17,381

 
$
23,483

 
$
(6,102
)
 
(26.0
)%
 
$
42,086

 
$
46,763

 
(4,677
)
 
(10.0
)%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net Income (Loss) Per Share of Common Stock
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic
 
$
0.30

 
$
0.44

 
$
(0.14
)
 
(31.8
)%
 
$
0.73

 
$
0.88

 
$
(0.15
)
 
(17.0
)%
Diluted
 
$
0.30

 
$
0.44

 
$
(0.14
)
 
(31.8
)%
 
$
0.73

 
$
0.88

 
$
(0.15
)
 
(17.0
)%
Dividends Declared per Share of Common Stock
 
$
0.43

 
$
0.43

 
$

 
 %
 
$
0.86

 
$
0.83

 
$
0.03

 
3.6
 %

Net Interest Income

Net interest income increased $4.3 million and $13.2 million during the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, respectively, compared to the corresponding periods in 2018, primarily due to increased interest income as the principal balance of the Company's loan portfolio increased by $2.0 billion as well as an increase in LIBOR. This increase was partially offset by increased interest expense resulting from interest on amounts outstanding under our debt obligations used to finance investments in commercial loans, which also increased by $2.0 billion compared to June 30, 2018, as well as an increase in LIBOR. We recognized $4.1 million and $10.5 million of deferred loan fees and origination discounts accreted into interest

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income during the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, respectively; as compared to $1.8 million and $3.2 million during the corresponding periods in 2018. We also recorded $4.1 million and $8.1 million of deferred financing costs amortization during the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, respectively, as compared to $1.8 million and $2.5 million during the corresponding periods in 2018.

Other Income

Total other income decreased $8.0 million during the three months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2018. This decrease was primarily due to a $13.0 million realized gain from the sale of CMBS B-Pieces in April 2018 recorded during the three months ended June 30, 2018. This realized gain was partially offset by the reversal of a $5.5 million unrealized gain on our CMBS B-Pieces that was realized in the second quarter of 2018. Additionally, we recorded a $2.2 million unrealized loss on our CMBS B-Pieces during the three months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to a $1.8 million unrealized loss during the corresponding period in 2018. Additionally, net interest income from our CMBS B-Pieces decreased from $0.9 million during the three months ended June 30, 2018 to $0.6 million during the three months ended June 30, 2019, primarily due to the sale of CMBS B-Piece investments in April 2018.

Total other income decreased $15.2 million during the six months ended June 30, 2019 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2018. This decrease was primarily due to a $13.0 million realized gain from the sale of CMBS B-Pieces in April 2018 recorded during the six months ended June 30, 2018. Additionally, we recorded a $2.3 million unrealized loss on our CMBS B-Pieces during the six months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to a $1.9 million unrealized loss during the corresponding period in 2018. Net interest income from our CMBS B-Pieces decreased from $4.0 million during the six months ended June 30, 2018 to $1.1 million during the six months ended June 30, 2019, primarily due to the sale of CMBS B-Piece investments in April 2018.

Operating Expenses

Total operating expenses increased $2.6 million and $3.6 million during the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, respectively, as compared to the corresponding periods in 2018. This increase was primarily driven by $1.1 million and $2.1 million of incentive compensation recorded during the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, respectively; as the Company did not generate incentive fees during the corresponding periods in 2018. Additionally, the increase in total operating expenses was attributed to an increase in management fees of $0.4 million and $0.7 million during the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, compared to the corresponding period in 2018, primarily resulting from an increase in our equity from public offerings of 5.5 million shares of our common stock in 2018.

The following table provides additional information regarding total operating expenses (dollars in thousands):
 
Three Months Ended
 
June 30, 2019
 
March 31, 2019
 
December 31, 2018
 
September 30, 2018
 
June 30, 2018
Professional services
$
839

 
$
546

 
$
604

 
$
666

 
$
959

Operating and other costs
899

 
824

 
819

 
692

 
454

Stock-based compensation
1,043

 
991

 
387

 
295

 
273

Total general and administrative expenses
2,781

 
2,361

 
1,810

 
1,653

 
1,686

Management fees to affiliate
4,288

 
4,287

 
4,330

 
4,164

 
3,913

Incentive compensation to affiliate
1,145

 
953

 
1,470

 
3,286

 

Total operating expenses
$
8,214

 
$
7,601

 
$
7,610

 
$
9,103

 
$
5,599






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Table of Contents

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Overview

Our primary liquidity needs include: our ongoing commitments to repay the principal and interest on our borrowings and pay other financing costs; financing our assets; meeting future funding obligations; making distributions to our stockholders; funding our operations, which includes making payments to our Manager in accordance with the management agreement; and other general business needs.

Our primary sources of liquidity and capital sources have been derived from net proceeds from equity issuances, net advances from our secured financing agreements, inclusive of our revolver, net proceeds from collateralized loan obligations, net proceeds from issuance of convertible notes and cash flows from operations. We may seek additional sources of liquidity from syndicated financing, other borrowings (including borrowings not related to a specific investment) and future offerings of equity and debt securities. In addition, we may apply our existing cash and cash equivalents and cash flows from operations to any liquidity needs. As of June 30, 2019, our cash and cash equivalents were $182.7 million.

To facilitate future offerings of equity, debt and other securities, we have in place an effective shelf registration statement (the “Shelf”) with the SEC. The amount of securities that may be issued pursuant to this Shelf is not to exceed $750.0 million. The securities covered by this Shelf include: (i) common stock, (ii) preferred stock, (iii) depository shares, (iv) debt securities, (v) warrants, (vi) subscription rights, (vii) and purchase contracts, and (viii) units. The specifics of any future offerings, along with the use of proceeds of any securities offered, will be described in detail in a prospectus supplement, or other offering material, at the time of any offering. In February 2019, we entered into an equity distribution agreement with certain sales agents, pursuant to which we may sell, from time to time, up to an aggregate sales price of $100.0 million of our common stock, pursuant to a continuous offering program (the “ATM”), under the shelf. Sales of our common stock made pursuant to the ATM may be made in negotiated transactions or transactions that are deemed to be “at the market” offerings as defined in Rule 415 under the Securities Act. We did not sell any shares of our common stock under the ATM during the six months ended June 30, 2019.

See Notes 4, 5, 6 and 9 to our condensed consolidated financial statements for additional details regarding our secured financing agreements, collateralized loan obligations, convertible notes and stock activity.

Debt-to-Equity Ratio and Total Leverage Ratio

The following table presents our debt-to-equity ratio and total leverage ratio:
 
 
June 30, 2019
 
December 31, 2018
Debt-to-equity ratio(A)
 
1.7x
 
1.1x
Total leverage ratio(B)
 
3.4x
 
2.6x

(A)
Represents (i) total outstanding debt agreements (excluding non-recourse term loan facility) and convertible notes, less cash to (ii) total stockholders’ equity, in each case, at period end.
(B)
Represents (i) total outstanding debt agreements, convertible notes, loan participations sold (excluding pari passu loan syndications), non-consolidated senior interests and collateralized loan obligation, less cash to (ii) total stockholders’ equity, in each case, at period end.


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Table of Contents

Sources of Liquidity

Our primary sources of liquidity include cash and cash equivalents and available borrowings under our secured financing agreements, inclusive of our revolver. Amounts available under these sources as of the date presented are summarized in the following table (dollars in thousands):
 
 
June 30, 2019
 
December 31, 2018
Cash and cash equivalents(A)
 
$
182,732

 
$
86,531

Available borrowings under master repurchase agreements
 
16,793

 
58,751

Available borrowings under term lending agreement
 

 

Available borrowings under asset specific financing
 
15,779

 
5,423

Available borrowings under revolving credit agreements
 
250,000

 
100,000

Available borrowings under term loan financing facility
 
10,436

 
33,637

Loan principal payments receivable, net(B)
 
7,927

 

 
 
$
483,667

 
$
284,342


(A)
Includes $42.0 million held in CLO as of June 30, 2019.
(B)
Represents loan principal paid by the borrower to our third-party servicer, but not yet received by us as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018. We generally receive these loan principal repayments from our third-party servicer in the following month's remittance, net of amounts we repay under our financing agreements.

In addition to our primary sources of liquidity, we have access to further liquidity through public offerings of debt and equity securities. Our existing loan portfolio also provides us with liquidity as loans are repaid or sold, in whole or in part, and the proceeds from repayment become available for us to invest.

Cash Flows

The following table sets forth changes in cash and cash equivalents for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 (dollars in thousands):
 
 
For the Six Months Ended June 30,
 
 
 
 
2019
 
2018
 
Increase (Decrease)
Cash Flows From Operating Activities
 
$
40,181

 
$
34,066

 
$
6,115

Cash Flows From Investing Activities
 
(822,900
)
 
(842,922
)
 
20,022

Cash Flows From Financing Activities
 
878,920

 
746,098

 
132,822

Net Increase (Decrease) in Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash
 
$
96,201

 
$
(62,758
)
 
$
158,959


Cash Flows from Operating Activities

Our cash flows from operating activities were primarily driven by our net interest income, which is driven by the income generated by our investments less financing costs. The following table sets forth interest received by, and paid for, our investments for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 (dollars in thousands):
 
 
For the Six Months Ended June 30,
 
 
2019
 
2018
Interest Received:
 
 
 
 
Senior and mezzanine loans
 
$
116,984

 
$
64,205

CMBS B-Pieces
 
1,122

 
4,872

 
 
118,106

 
69,077

Interest Paid:
 
 
 
 
Borrowings secured by senior loans
 
67,459

 
23,000

Net interest collections
 
$
50,647

 
$
46,077


Our net interest collections were partially offset by cash used to pay management and incentive fees, as follows (dollars in thousands):

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Table of Contents

 
 
For the Six Months Ended June 30,
 
 
 
 
2019
 
2018
 
Increase (Decrease)
Management Fees to affiliate
 
$
8,617

 
$
7,831

 
$
786

Incentive Fees to affiliate
 
2,098

 

 
2,098

Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents
 
$
10,715

 
$
7,831

 
$
2,884


Cash Flows from Investing Activities

Our cash flows from investing activities were primarily driven by cash outflows to fund new loan originations and our commitments under existing loan investments, partially offset by cash inflows from the sale/syndication and principal repayments on our loan investments. During the six months ended June 30, 2019, we funded $1,784.8 million of senior loans and received $968.1 million from the sale/syndication and repayments of commercial mortgage loans. We also made an investment in CMBS, held through an equity method investee, of $6.2 million. During the six months ended June 30, 2018, we funded or purchased $1,002.5 million of senior and mezzanine loans and received $54.1 million of principal repayments on certain loans. During April 2018, we also sold four of our five CMBS trusts for net proceeds of $112.7 million. We also made a net investment in CMBS, held through an equity method investee, of $7.2 million.


Cash Flows from Financing Activities

Our cash flows from financing activities were primarily driven by proceeds from borrowings under our financing arrangements of $2,299.6 million during the six months ended June 30, 2019. Such cash inflows were partially offset by principal repayments of $1,359.3 million on borrowings under our financing agreements and the payment of $50.0 million in dividends during the six months ended June 30, 2019. During the six months ended June 30, 2018, our cash flows from financing activities were primarily driven by proceeds from borrowings under our repurchase agreements of $807.9 million and net proceeds from convertible debt financing of $139.4 million. These inflows were partially offset by principal repayment of $137.4 million and payment of $41.2 million in dividends.


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Table of Contents

Contractual Obligations and Commitments

The following table presents our contractual obligations and commitments (including interest payments) as of June 30, 2019 (dollars in thousands):
 
Total
 
Less than 1 year
 
1 to 3 years
 
3 to 5 years
 
Thereafter
Recourse Obligations:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Master Repurchase Facilities(A)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Wells Fargo
$
477,470

 
$
17,477

 
$
459,993

 
$

 
$

Morgan Stanley
553,900

 
21,001

 
532,899

 

 

Goldman Sachs
149,300

 
149,300

 

 

 

Term Lending Agreement(A)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
KREF Lending V
842,055

 
32,104

 
809,951

 

 

Asset Specific Financing
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
BMO Facility
159,679

 
5,814

 
153,865

 

 

Total secured financing agreements
2,182,404

 
225,696

 
1,956,708

 

 

Convertible Notes
178,921

 
8,805

 
17,561

 
152,555

 

Future funding obligations(B)
532,550

 
276,926

 
255,624

 

 

RECOP commitment(C)
4,144

 
4,144

 

 

 

Revolver(D)

 

 

 

 

Total recourse obligations
2,898,019

 
515,571

 
2,229,893

 
152,555

 

Non-Recourse Obligations:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Collateralized Loan Obligations
961,746

 
30,416

 
60,665

 
870,665

 

Term Loan Financing
1,143,285

 
37,005

 
73,807

 
1,032,473

 

CMBS(E)
1,305,463

 
109,603

 
114,589

 
118,525

 
962,746

Total
$
6,308,513

 
$
692,595

 
$
2,478,954

 
$
2,174,218

 
$
962,746


(A)
The allocation of repurchase facilities and Term Lending Agreement is based on the current maturity date of each individual borrowing under these facilities. The amounts include the related future interest payment obligations, which are estimated by assuming the amounts outstanding under these facilities and the interest rates in effect as of June 30, 2019 will remain constant into the future. This is only an estimate, as actual amounts borrowed and rates may vary over time. Amounts borrowed are subject to a maximum 25.0% recourse limit.
(B)
We have future funding obligations related to our investments in senior loans. These future funding obligations primarily relate to construction projects, capital improvements, tenant improvements and leasing commissions. Generally, funding obligations are subject to certain conditions that must be met, such as customary construction draw certifications, minimum debt service coverage ratios, minimal debt yield tests, or executions of new leases before advances are made to the borrower. As such, the allocation of our future funding obligations is based on the earlier of the expected funding or commitment expiration date.
(C)
Amounts committed to invest in an aggregator vehicle alongside RECOP, which has a two-year investment period which ended in April 2019.
(D)
Any amounts borrowed are full recourse to certain subsidiaries of KREF. Includes principal and assumes interest outstanding over a one year period. Amounts are estimated based on the amount outstanding under the Revolver and the interest rate in effect as of June 30, 2019. This is only an estimate as actual amounts borrowed, the timing of repayments and interest rates may vary over time. The Revolver expires in December 2023.
(E)
Amounts relate to VIE liabilities that represent securities not beneficially owned by our stockholders, accordingly, the satisfaction of these liabilities will not require cash settlement by us.

We are required to pay our Manager a base management fee, an incentive fee and reimbursements for certain expenses pursuant to our management agreement. The table above does not include the amounts payable to our Manager under our management agreement as they are not fixed and determinable. See Note 12 to our condensed consolidated financial statements included in this Form 10-Q for additional terms and details of the fees payable under our management agreement.

As a REIT, we generally must distribute substantially all of our REIT taxable income, determined without regard to the deduction for dividends paid and excluding net capital gains, to stockholders in the form of dividends to comply with the REIT provisions of the Code. Our taxable income does not necessarily equal our net income as calculated in accordance with GAAP, or our Core Earnings as described above under " — Key Financial Measures and Indicators — Core Earnings and Net Core Earnings."

Subsequent Events

Our subsequent events are detailed in Note 15 to our condensed consolidated financial statements

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Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

As described in Note 8 to our condensed consolidated financial statements, we have off-balance sheet arrangements related to VIEs that we account for using the equity method of accounting and in which we hold an economic interest or have a capital commitment. Our maximum risk of loss associated with our interests in these VIEs is limited to the carrying value of our investment in the entity and any unfunded capital commitments. As of June 30, 2019, we held $37.1 million of interests in such entities, which does not include a remaining commitment of $4.1 million to RECOP that we are required to fund when called.

Critical Accounting Policies

Our discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations is based upon our condensed consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with GAAP. The preparation of these condensed consolidated financial statements requires our Manager to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue and expenses, and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. Actual results could differ from these estimates. There have been no material changes to our Critical Accounting Policies described in our annual report on Form 10-K.

Refer to Note 2 to our condensed consolidated financial statements for the description of our significant accounting policies.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

For a discussion of recently issued accounting pronouncements, see Note 2 to our condensed consolidated financial statements included in this Form 10-Q.

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ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

We seek to manage our risks related to the credit quality of our assets, interest rates, liquidity, prepayment rates and market value, while at the same time seeking to provide an opportunity to stockholders to realize attractive risk-adjusted returns. While risks are inherent in any business enterprise, we seek to quantify and justify risks in light of available returns and to maintain capital levels consistent with the risks we undertake.

Credit Risk

Our investments are subject to credit risk, including the risk of default. The performance and value of our investments depend upon the sponsors' ability to operate the properties that serve as our collateral so that they produce cash flows adequate to pay interest and principal due to us. To monitor this risk, our Manager reviews our investment portfolio and is in regular contact with the sponsors, monitoring performance of the collateral and enforcing our rights as necessary.

Credit Yield Risk

Credit yields measure the return demanded on financial instruments by the lending market based on their risk of default. Increasing supply of credit-sensitive financial instruments and reduced demand will generally cause the market to require a higher yield on such financial instruments, resulting in a lower price for the financial instruments we hold.

As of June 30, 2019, a 100 basis point increase in credit yields would decrease our net book value by approximately $0.3 million, and a 100 basis point decrease in credit yields would increase our net book value by approximately $0.3 million, based on the investments we held on that date.

Interest Rate Risk

Generally, the composition of our investments is such that rising interest rates will increase our net income, while declining interest rates will decrease net income. As of June 30, 2019, 99.0% of our investments by total assets earned a floating rate of interest. The remaining 1.0% of our investments earned a fixed rate of interest. If interest rates were to decline, the value of these fixed-rate investments may increase and if interest rates were to increase, the value of these fixed-rate investments may fall; however, the interest income generated by these investments would not be affected by market interest rates. The interest rates we pay under our current repurchase agreements are floating rate. Accordingly, our interest expense will generally increase as interest rates increase and decrease as interest rates decrease.

As of June 30, 2019, a 50 basis point increase in short-term interest rates, based on a shift in the yield curve, would increase our cash flows by approximately $5.0 million during the 2019 fiscal year, whereas a 50 basis point decrease in short-term interest rates would increase our cash flows by approximately $1.9 million during the 2019 fiscal year, based on the net floating-rate exposure of the investments we held on that date.

Prepayment Risk

Prepayment risk is the risk that principal will be repaid at an earlier date than anticipated, potentially causing the return on certain investments to be less than expected. As we receive prepayments of principal on our assets, any premiums paid on such assets are amortized against interest income. In general, an increase in prepayment rates accelerates the amortization of purchase premiums, thereby reducing the interest income earned on the assets. Conversely, discounts on such assets are accreted into interest income. In general, an increase in prepayment rates accelerates the accretion of purchase discounts, thereby increasing the interest income earned on the assets. Additionally, we may not be able to reinvest the principal repaid at the same or higher yield of the original investment.

Financing Risk

We finance our target assets using our repurchase facilities, our Term Lending Agreement, our Term Loan Financing, Asset Based Financing, collateralized loan obligations and through syndicating senior participations in our originated senior loans. Over time, as market conditions change, we may use other forms of leverage in addition to these methods of financing. Weakness or volatility in the financial markets, the commercial real estate and mortgage markets or the economy generally could adversely affect one or more of our lenders or potential lenders and could cause one or more of our lenders or potential lenders to be unwilling or unable to provide us with financing, or to decrease the amount of our available financing through a market to market, or to increase the costs of that financing.


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Real Estate Risk

The market values of commercial mortgage assets are subject to volatility and may be adversely affected by a number of factors, including, but not limited to, national, regional and local economic conditions (which may be adversely affected by industry slowdowns and other factors); local real estate conditions; changes or continued weakness in specific industry segments; construction quality, age and design; demographic factors; and retroactive changes to building or similar codes. In addition, decreases in property values reduce the value of the collateral and the potential proceeds available to a borrower to repay the underlying loans, which could also cause us to suffer losses.


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ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

We maintain disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act) that are designed to ensure that the information required to be disclosed by us in the reports filed or submitted by us under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms and that such information is accumulated and communicated to management, including the Co-Chief Executive Officers and the Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurances of achieving the desired controls.
Our management, with the participation of our Co-Chief Executive Officers and the Chief Financial Officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of June 30, 2019. Based upon that evaluation, our Co-Chief Executive Officers and Chief Financial Officer concluded that, as of June 30, 2019, the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures were effective to accomplish their objectives at the reasonable assurance level.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

No changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15(f) of the Exchange Act) occurred during the quarter ended June 30, 2019 that materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

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PART II — OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

The section entitled “Litigation” appearing in Note 11 of our condensed consolidated financial statements included in this Form 10-Q is incorporated herein by reference.

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

For a discussion of our potential risks and uncertainties, see the information under Part I, Item 1A. “Risk Factors” in the Form 10-K. There have been no material changes to our principal risks that we believe are material to our business, results of operations, and financial condition from the risk factors previously disclosed in the Form 10-K, which is accessible on the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov.


64



ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
In May 2018, our board of directors approved a $100.0 million share repurchase program, effective June 12, 2018, which was scheduled to expire on June 30, 2019. On June 17, 2019, we announced that our board of directors approved an extension of the program. The share repurchase program, as extended, permits us to repurchase up to $100.0 million of our common stock during the period from July 1, 2019 through June 30, 2020. Of this total authorized amount, $50.0 million may be covered by a pre-set trading plan meeting the requirements of Rule 10b5-1 under the Exchange Act that provides for repurchases of our common stock when the market price per share of our common stock is below book value per share (calculated in accordance with GAAP as of the end of the most recent period for which financial statements are available), and the remaining $50.0 million may be used for repurchases in the open market, or pursuant to pre-set trading plans meeting the requirements of Rule 10b5-1 under the Exchange Act, or in privately negotiated transactions, or otherwise.

We did not repurchase any shares of our common stock during the three months ended June 30, 2019.

ITEM 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES

None.

ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not applicable.

ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION

None.





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ITEM 6. EXHIBITS

Exhibit
Number
 
Exhibit Description
 
 
 
 
 
10.1*
 
 
 
 
 
 
10.2
 
 
 
 
 
 
10.3
 
 
 
 
 
 
31.1
 
 
 
 
 
 
31.2
 
 
 
 
 
 
31.3
 
 
 
 
 
 
32.1
 
 
 
 
 
 
32.2
 
 
 
 
 
 
32.3
 
 
 
 
 
 
101.INS
 
XBRL Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.
 
 
 
 
 
101.SCH
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.
 
 
 
 
 
101.CAL
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.
 
 
 
 
 
101.DEF
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document.
 
 
 
 
 
101.LAB
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.
 
 
 
 
 
101.PRE
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document.
 
 
 
 
 
104
 
Cover Page Interactive Data File, formatted in Inline XBRL.
_______________________

*    Certain schedules and exhibits to this agreement have been omitted in accordance with Item 601(a)(5) of Regulation S-K. The descriptions of the omitted schedules and exhibits are contained within the relevant agreement. A copy of any omitted schedule and/or exhibit will be furnished supplementally to the SEC upon request.
 
Certain agreements and other documents filed as exhibits to this Form 10-Q contain representations and warranties that the parties thereto made to each other. These representations and warranties have been made solely for the benefit of the other parties to such agreements and may have been qualified by certain information that has been disclosed to the other parties to such agreements and other documents and that may not be reflected in such agreements and other documents. In addition, these representations and warranties may be intended as a way of allocating risks among parties if the statements contained

66

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therein prove to be incorrect, rather than as actual statements of fact. Accordingly, there can be no reliance on any such representations and warranties as characterizations of the actual state of facts. Moreover, information concerning the subject matter of any such representations and warranties may have changed since the date of such agreements and other documents.

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

 
 
KKR REAL ESTATE FINANCE TRUST INC.
 
 
 
 
Date:
August 1, 2019
By:
/s/ Christen E.J. Lee
 
 
 
Name:    Christen E.J. Lee
 
 
 
Title:    Co-Chief Executive Officer and Co-President
 
 
 
(Co-Principal Executive Officer)
 
 
 
 
Date:
August 1, 2019
By:
/s/ Matthew A. Salem
 
 
 
Name:    Matthew A. Salem
 
 
 
Title:    Co-Chief Executive Officer and Co-President
 
 
 
(Co-Principal Executive Officer)
 
 
 
 
Date:
August 1, 2019
By:
/s/ Mostafa Nagaty
 
 
 
Name:    Mostafa Nagaty
 
 
 
Title:    Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer
 
 
 
(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

68

Exhibit 10.1

MASTER REPURCHASE AND SECURITIES CONTRACT AGREEMENT
 
among
 
MORGAN STANLEY MORTGAGE CAPITAL HOLDINGS LLC,
 
as Administrative Agent,
 
THE PARTIES NAMED HEREIN,
 
as Buyer
 
and
 
KREF LENDING V LLC
 
as Seller


  TABLE OF CONTENTS  
     
    Page
     
1.
APPLICABILITY
1
     
2.
DEFINITIONS
1
     
3.
INITIATION; CONFIRMATION; TERMINATION; FEES
19
     
4.
MANDATORY PREPAYMENT
27
     
5.
INCOME PAYMENTS AND PRINCIPAL PAYMENTS
28
     
6.
SECURITY INTEREST
30
     
7.
PAYMENT, TRANSFER AND CUSTODY
31
     
8.
CERTAIN RIGHTS OF BUYER WITH RESPECT TO THE PURCHASED ASSETS
33
     
9.
EXTENSION OF FACILITY TERMINATION DATE; REDUCTION OF FACILITY AMOUNT
34
     
10.
REPRESENTATIONS
34
     
11.
NEGATIVE COVENANTS OF SELLER
38
     
12.
AFFIRMATIVE COVENANTS OF SELLER
39
     
13.
SINGLE‑PURPOSE ENTITY
43
     
14.
EVENTS OF DEFAULT; REMEDIES
45
     
15.
SINGLE AGREEMENT
48
     
16.
NOTICES AND OTHER COMMUNICATIONS
48
     
17.
NON‑ASSIGNABILITY
49
     
18.
GOVERNING LAW; CONSENT TO JURISDICTION; WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL; ETC.
50
     
19.
NO RELIANCE; DISCLAIMERS
51
     
20.
[RESERVED]
52
     
21.
[RESERVED]
52
     
22.
SERVICING
52
     
23.
TREATMENT FOR TAX PURPOSES
53
     
24.
INTENT
53
     
25.
DISCLOSURE RELATING TO CERTAIN FEDERAL PROTECTIONS
54
     
26.
SETOFF RIGHTS
54
     
27.
ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT; CO-BUYER AGREEMENT
54
     
28.
MISCELLANEOUS
56

i

SCHEDULES
 
SCHEDULE 1
Purchased Asset Documents
   
EXHIBITS
 
EXHIBIT I
Form of Confirmation
   
EXHIBIT II‑1
Form of Power of Attorney to Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer
   
EXHIBIT II‑2
Form of Power of Attorney to Seller
   
EXHIBIT III-1
Representations and Warranties Regarding the Purchased Assets
   
EXHIBIT III-2
Representations and Warranties Regarding Mezzanine Loan Purchased Assets
   
EXHIBIT IV
Form of Bailee Agreement
   
EXHIBIT V
Authorized Representatives of Seller
   
EXHIBIT VI
Form of Remittance Report
   
EXHIBIT VII
Form of Financial Covenant Compliance Certificate
   
EXHIBIT VIII
Form of Buyer Assignment and Assumption Agreement
   
EXHIBIT IX
Form of Quarterly Asset Summary Report
   
ANNEXES
 
ANNEX I
Notice Instructions
   
ANNEX II
Wiring Instructions

ii

MASTER REPURCHASE AND SECURITIES CONTRACT AGREEMENT
 
This Master Repurchase and Securities Contract Agreement (this “Agreement”) is dated as of June 27, 2019, and is made among MORGAN STANLEY MORTGAGE CAPITAL HOLDINGS LLC, as administrative agent (in such capacity, together with its permitted successors and assigns, the “Administrative Agent”), MORGAN STANLEY BANK, N.A., as a buyer (“MSBNA”, and together with its permitted successors and assigns, individually or collectively, as the context may require, “Buyer”) and KREF Lending V LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, as seller (“Seller”).
 
1.
APPLICABILITY
 
Subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement, the parties hereto have agreed to enter into transactions in which Seller agrees to transfer to Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, one or more Purchased Assets (as hereinafter defined), on a servicing‑released basis, against the transfer of funds by Buyer with a simultaneous agreement by Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, to transfer to Seller such Purchased Assets at a date certain (or such earlier date in accordance with the terms hereof) against the transfer of funds by Seller to Buyer.  Each such transaction involving the transfer of a Purchased Asset from Seller to Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, shall be referred to herein as a “Transaction” and, unless otherwise agreed in writing, shall be governed by this Agreement.
 
2.
DEFINITIONS
 
Capitalized terms in this Agreement shall have the respective meanings set forth below:
 
1934 Act” shall mean the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
 
AB Mortgage Loan” shall mean a Mortgage Loan evidenced by two or more senior and subordinate Mortgage Notes.
 
Accelerated Repurchase Date” shall have the meaning specified in Section 14(b)(i) of this Agreement.
 
Act of Insolvency” shall mean, with respect to any Person: (a) the filing of a decree or order for relief by a court having jurisdiction over such Person or any substantial part of its assets or property in an involuntary case under any applicable Insolvency Law now or hereafter in effect, or appointing a receiver, liquidator, assignee, custodian, trustee, sequestrator or similar official for such Person or for any substantial part of its assets or property, or ordering the winding–up or liquidation of such Person’s affairs, and such decree or order shall remain unstayed and in effect for a period of sixty (60) days, (b) the commencement by such Person of a voluntary case under any applicable Insolvency Law now or hereafter in effect, (c) the consent by such Person to the entry of an order for relief in an involuntary case under any Insolvency Law, (d) the consent by such Person to the appointment of or taking possession by a receiver, liquidator, assignee, custodian, trustee, sequestrator or similar official for such Person or for any substantial part of its assets or property, (e) the making by such Person of any general assignment for the benefit of creditors, (f) the admission in writing by such Person in connection with a proceeding of the inability of such Person to pay its debts or discharge its obligations generally as they become due or mature, (g) the failure by such Person generally to pay its debts as they become due, (h) the taking of any action by any Governmental Authority or agency or any Person, agency or entity acting or purporting to act under Governmental Authority to condemn, seize or appropriate, or to assume custody or control of, all or any substantial part of the property of such Person, or shall have taken any action to displace the management of such Person or to curtail its authority in the conduct of the business of such Person, or (i) the taking of action by such Person in furtherance of any of the foregoing.
 
Additional Advance” shall have the meaning specified in Section 3(h) of this Agreement.
 
Administrative Agent” shall have the meaning set forth in the introductory paragraph hereto.
 
Affiliate” shall mean, (a) when used with respect to Seller, Pledgor, Guarantor, REIT or Manager, (i) REIT and any Subsidiary of REIT that is also a direct or indirect parent of Seller, and (ii) Manager and (b) when used with respect to any other specified Person, any other Person directly or indirectly Controlling, Controlled by, or under common Control with, such Person.
 

Affiliated Hedge Counterparty” shall mean Morgan Stanley Bank, N.A., or any other Buyer, or any Affiliate of Morgan Stanley Bank, N.A. or any other Buyer, in each case in such party’s capacity as a party to any Hedging Transaction with Seller.
 
Aggregate Repurchase Price” shall mean, as of any date of determination, the aggregate Repurchase Price (excluding any accrued and unpaid Price Differential) of all Purchased Assets outstanding as of such date.
 
Agreement” shall have the meaning specified in the introductory paragraph of this Agreement.
 
Alternate Index” shall mean an alternative published index selected by Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer (in non-binding consultation with Seller), to be used in calculating the Pricing Rate, which such alternative index will be then currently commonly used in making determinations of the interest rate for sellers under similar repurchase agreements with Administrative Agent or its Affiliates, which the parties hereto acknowledge and agree may be an index that does not yet exist and/or is not commonly being used as of the date hereof.
 
Alternate Rate” shall mean, which respect to each Pricing Period, the per annum rate of the interest of the Alternate Index, determined as of the date of determination immediately preceding the commencement of such Pricing Period.
 
Alternate Rate Spread” shall mean, if the Pricing Rate has been converted to the Alternate Rate pursuant to Section 3(l) hereof, either of the following two options, as determined by the Administrative Agent: (i) the difference (expressed as the number of basis points) between (a) LIBOR plus the Applicable Spread on the date for which LIBOR was last applicable to the outstanding Transactions prior to such conversation and (b) the Alternate Rate on the date for which LIBOR was last applicable to the outstanding Transactions prior to such conversion or (ii) such other interest rate spread as may be agreed by Administrative Agent and Seller.
 
Alternate Rate Transaction” shall mean, with respect to any Pricing Period (or other applicable period), any Transaction with respect to which the Pricing Rate for such Pricing Period (or other applicable period) is determined with reference to the Alternate Rate.
 
Annual Reporting Package” shall have the meaning specified in the Guaranty.
 
Applicable Spread” shall have the meaning specified in the Fee Letter.
 
Appraisal” shall mean an appraisal of any Mortgaged Property prepared by a licensed Independent Appraiser approved by Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, in its reasonable discretion, in accordance with the Uniform Standards of Professional Appraisal Practice of the Appraisal Foundation, in compliance with the requirements of Title 11 of the Financial Institutions Reform, Recovery and Enforcement Act of 1989 and utilizing customary valuation methods, such as the income, sales/market or cost approaches, as any of the same may be updated by recertification from time to time by the appraiser performing such Appraisal. Notwithstanding the foregoing, solely for purposes of any Mortgaged Property or Property related to any Purchased Asset identified on Schedule 1 to the Fee Letter as requiring an updated Appraisal, until such time as Seller delivers to Administrative Agent an Appraisal otherwise meeting the requirements of this definition pursuant to Section 12(f)(vii), “Appraisal” shall mean a third-party valuation with respect to such Mortgaged Property or Property delivered by Seller to Administrative Agent pursuant to Section 3(c)(iii)(y).
 
Asset Exposure Ratio” shall mean, with respect to any Purchased Asset as of any date of determination, the product of (i) the Purchase Price Percentage of such Purchased Asset as of such date multiplied by (ii) the LTV of such Purchased Asset, as determined by Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, in accordance with this Agreement.
 
Assignment of Leases” shall mean, with respect to any Purchased Asset that is a Mortgage Loan, any assignment of leases, rents and profits or equivalent instrument, whether contained in the related Mortgage or executed separately, assigning to the holder or holders of such Mortgage all of the related Mortgagor’s interest in the leases, rents and profits derived from the ownership, operation, leasing or disposition of all or a portion of the related Mortgaged Property as security for repayment of such Purchased Asset.
 
2

Assignment of Mortgage” shall mean, with respect to any Purchased Asset that is a Mortgage Loan, an assignment of the mortgage, notice of transfer or equivalent instrument in recordable form, sufficient under the laws of the jurisdiction wherein the related property is located to reflect the assignment and pledge of the Mortgage, subject to the terms of this Agreement.
 
Bailee” shall mean such third party as Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, and Seller shall mutually approve in their sole discretion.
 
Bailee Agreement” shall mean a Bailee Agreement among Seller, Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, and Bailee in the form of Exhibit IV hereto, as the same may be amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time.

Bailee Delivery Failure” shall have the meaning specified in the Bailee Agreement.
 
Bankruptcy Code” shall mean Title 11 of the United States Code, as amended, modified or replaced from time to time.
 
Blocked Account” shall have the meaning specified in Section 5(a) of this Agreement.
 
Blocked Account Agreement” shall mean that certain Deposit Account Control Agreement executed by Administrative Agent on behalf of Buyer, Seller and the Depository Bank (and any successor thereto or replacement thereof executed by Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, Seller and the Depository Bank), as the same may be amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time.

Business Day shall mean (a) any day other than (i) a Saturday or Sunday and (ii) a day on which the New York Stock Exchange, the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, Custodian or Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, is authorized or obligated by law or executive order to be closed, and (b) with respect to Pricing Rate Reset Date, a day on which banks are open for dealing in foreign currency and exchange in London.
 
Buyer” shall have the meaning set forth in the introductory paragraph hereto.
 
Capital Lease Obligations” shall mean, for any Person, all obligations of such Person to pay rent or other amounts under a lease of (or other agreement conveying the right to use) property to the extent such obligations are required to be classified and accounted for as a capital lease on a balance sheet of such Person under GAAP, and, for purposes of this Agreement, the amount of such obligations shall be the capitalized amount thereof, determined in accordance with GAAP.
 
Capital Stock” shall mean any and all shares, interests, participations or other equivalents (however designated) of capital stock of a corporation, any and all equivalent equity ownership interests in a Person which is not a corporation, including, without limitation, any and all membership or other equivalent interests in any limited liability company, and any and all partnership or other equivalent interests in any partnership or limited partnership, and any and all warrants or options to purchase any of the foregoing.
 
Cause” shall mean, with respect to an Independent Director, (i) acts or omissions by such Independent Director that constitute willful disregard of, or bad faith or gross negligence with respect to, the Independent Director’s duties with respect to Seller’s obligations under this Agreement, (ii) such Independent Director has engaged in or has been charged with, or has been convicted of, fraud or other acts constituting a crime under any law applicable to such Independent Director, (iii) such Independent Director is unable to perform his or her duties as Independent Director due to death, disability or incapacity, or (iv) such Independent Director no longer meets the definition of Independent Director, as that term is defined in this Section 2.
 
3

Change of Control” shall mean the occurrence of any of the following:
 
(a)          the consummation of a merger or consolidation of the REIT or Guarantor with or into another entity or any other reorganization if more than fifty percent (50%) of the combined voting power of the continuing or surviving entity’s Capital Stock (or the Capital Stock of the parent entity thereof) outstanding immediately after such merger, consolidation or such other reorganization is not owned directly or indirectly by Persons who were holders of such Capital Stock in the REIT or Guarantor immediately prior to such merger, consolidation or other reorganization;
 
(b)         any “person” or “group” (within the meaning of Section 13(d) or 14(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)) shall become, or obtain rights (whether by means of warrants, options or otherwise) to become, the “beneficial owner” (as defined in Rules 13d-3 and 13d-5 under the Exchange Act), directly or indirectly, of a percentage of the total voting power of all classes of Capital Stock of Guarantor or the REIT entitled to vote generally in the election of directors of more than fifty percent (50%), other than Controlled Affiliates or to the extent such interests are obtained through a public market offering or secondary market trading;
 
(c)          with respect to Pledgor, Guarantor shall (i) cease to own and Control, of record and beneficially, directly or indirectly 100% of the outstanding Capital Stock of Pledgor;
 
(d)          with respect to Seller, Pledgor shall cease to own, of record and beneficially, directly, 100% of the outstanding Capital Stock of Seller and to Control Seller;
 
(e)           with respect to Guarantor, a transfer of all or substantially all of Guarantor’s assets; or
 
(f)          with respect to Manager, (i) Manager ceases to be a Controlled Affiliate, (ii) the sale, merger, consolidation or reorganization of Manager with or into any entity that is not a Controlled Affiliate or (iii) the Management Agreement is terminated or Manager otherwise ceases to be the manager of the REIT; provided that, for the avoidance of doubt, the transfer of Manager’s rights and obligations under the Management Agreement to a replacement manager that is another Controlled Affiliate shall not be considered a Change of Control.
 
Closing Date” shall mean the date of this Agreement.
 
Co-Buyer Agreement” shall mean, collectively, (i) any co-buyer agreements entered into among Administrative Agent and one or more Buyers in connection with the Transactions and the Transaction Documents and (ii) any participation agreements entered into among Administrative Agent, MSBNA, as Buyer, and any participants in connection with the Transactions and the Transaction Documents, as each may be amended, modified and/or restated from time to time.
 
Code” shall mean the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.
 
Collection Period” shall mean, with respect to the Remittance Date in any month, the period beginning on the Remittance Date in the preceding month to and including the calendar day immediately preceding such Remittance Date.
 
Competitor” shall have the meaning specified in the Fee Letter.
 
Confirmation” means, a written confirmation from Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, to Seller, executed by Administrative Agent and acknowledged by Seller, of the agreement of Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, to purchase the Purchased Assets, substantially in the form attached hereto as Exhibit I, as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time pursuant to the terms of this Agreement.
 
Consolidated Subsidiaries” means, as of any date and any Person, any and all Subsidiaries or other entities that are consolidated with such Person in accordance with GAAP.
 
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Control” shall mean, with respect to any Person, the possession of the direct or indirect power to direct or cause the direction of the management or policies of such Person, whether through the ability to exercise voting power, by contract or otherwise.  “Controlling”, “Controlled” and “under common Control” have correlative meanings.
 
Controlled Affiliate” shall mean any entity that is majority-owned and Controlled by KKR & Co., Inc.
 
Custodial Agreement” shall mean that certain Custodial Agreement, dated as of the date hereof, entered into by and among Custodian, Seller and Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, as the same may be amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time.

Custodian” shall mean Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., or any successor custodian mutually acceptable to both Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, and Seller, or appointed by Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, in its sole discretion during the continuance of an Event of Default.

Debt Yield Ratio” shall mean, with respect to any Mortgaged Property or Properties directly or indirectly securing a Purchased Asset, the quotient (expressed as a percentage) of (i) net operating income for the most recently ended fiscal period reported by the related Mortgagor pursuant to the related Purchased Asset Documents, divided by (ii) the total amount of indebtedness secured directly or indirectly by such Mortgaged Property or Properties that is senior to or pari passu with such Purchased Asset.
 
Default” shall mean any event that, with the giving of notice, the passage of time, or both, would constitute an Event of Default.
 
Defaulted Asset” shall mean any Purchased Asset as to which any of the following has occurred and, solely with respect to clauses (i) through (iii), has continued for thirty-one (31) consecutive days: (i) there is a breach beyond any applicable notice and cure period of a representation or warranty by Seller under Exhibit III attached hereto (without regard to any knowledge qualifier therein), (ii) a default has occurred and is continuing beyond any applicable notice and cure period under the related Purchased Asset Documents in the payment when due of any scheduled payment of interest or principal or any other amounts due under the Purchased Asset Documents, (iii) the occurrence and continuance of any other “event of default” as defined under the related Purchased Asset Documents, (iv) to the extent that the related Transaction is deemed to be a loan under federal, state or local law, Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer,  ceases to have a first priority perfected security interest in the related Purchased Asset, (v) a Significant Modification has been made after the related Purchase Date without the consent of Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer,  in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement, (vi) the related Purchased Asset File or any portion thereof is subject to a continuing Bailee Delivery Failure or has been released from the possession of Custodian under the Custodial Agreement to anyone other than Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, or any Affiliate thereof except in accordance with the terms of the Custodial Agreement, (vii) an Act of Insolvency has occurred with respect to any co‑participant or any other person having an interest in such Purchased Asset or any related Mortgaged Property and such person acts as the “lead lender,” “administrative agent” or in any similar role, including, without limitation, if such person collects payments or administers the Purchased Asset, (viii) an Act of Insolvency involving a related underlying obligor of a Purchased Asset has occurred or (ix) Seller or Servicer has initiated foreclosure proceedings or has engaged in deed-in-lieu negotiations with respect to all or any portion of the Mortgaged Property securing such Purchased Asset.
 
Delayed Purchased Asset” shall have the meaning specified in Section 3(f) of this Agreement.
 
Depository Bank” shall mean Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., or any successor depository bank appointed by Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, and reasonably acceptable to Seller, or appointed by Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, in its sole discretion during the continuance of an Event of Default.
 
Diligence Fees” shall mean out-of-pocket costs and expenses including reasonable attorneys’ fees incurred by the Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, on or prior to the Purchase Date with respect to each Purchased Asset in connection with its review of the Diligence Materials hereunder and its continuing due diligence reviews of Purchased Assets pursuant to Section 21 or otherwise hereunder.
 
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Diligence Materials” shall mean, with respect to any Purchased Asset, the related Preliminary Due Diligence Package together with the related Supplemental Due Diligence Package.
 
Early Repurchase Date” shall have the meaning specified in Section 3(i) of this Agreement.
 
ERISA” shall mean the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended from time to time, and the regulations promulgated thereunder.  Section references to ERISA are to ERISA, as in effect at the date of this Agreement and, as of the relevant date, any subsequent provisions of ERISA, amendatory thereof, supplemental thereto or substituted therefor.
 
ERISA Affiliate” shall mean any corporation or trade or business (whether or not incorporated) that is a member of any group of organizations described in (i) Section 414(b) or (c) of the Code of which Seller is a member or (ii) solely for purposes of the lien created under Section 302(f) of ERISA and Section 412(n) of the Code, described in Section 414(m) or (o) of the Code of which Seller is a member.
 
Event of Default” shall have the meaning specified in Section 14(a).
 
Exception Report” shall have the meaning specified in Section 3(c)(viii).
 
Excluded Taxes” shall mean any of the following Taxes imposed on or with respect to Buyer or required to be withheld or deducted from a payment to Buyer, (a) Taxes imposed on or measured by net income (however denominated), franchise Taxes, and branch profits Taxes, in each case, (i) imposed as a result of Buyer being organized under the laws of, or having its principal office or the office from which it books the Transaction located in, the jurisdiction imposing such Tax (or any political subdivision thereof), or (ii) that are Other Connection Taxes, (b) withholding Taxes imposed on amounts payable to or for the account of Buyer or an assignee pursuant to a law in effect as of the date on which such Person (i) becomes a party to this Agreement, (ii) changes the office from which it books the Transactions or (iii) where Buyer is treated as a partnership for tax purposes and the tax status of a partner in such partnership is determinative of the obligation to pay Taxes, the later of the date on which Buyer acquired its applicable interest hereunder or the date on which the affected partner becomes a partner of Buyer, except to the extent that, pursuant to Section 3(q), amounts with respect to which such Taxes were payable to such Person’s assignor immediately before such Person became a party to this Agreement or to such Person immediately before it changed the office from which it books the Transaction, (c) Taxes attributable to Buyer's failure to comply with Section 3(r) of this Agreement and (d) any withholding Taxes imposed under FATCA.
 
Executive Order 13224” shall mean Executive Order 13224 “On Terrorist Financing: Blocking Property and Prohibiting Transactions With Persons Who Commit, Threaten to Commit, or Support Terrorism”, effective September 24, 2001.
 
Extension Option” shall have the meaning specified in Section 9(a) of this Agreement.
 
Extension Period” shall have the meaning specified in Section 9(a) of this Agreement.
 
Facility Amount” shall mean, as of any date of determination, the lesser of (i) $900,000,000 and (ii) the product of (a) the aggregate principal balance of the Purchased Assets as of such date (assuming all future funding under such Purchased Assets has been fully drawn) multiplied by (b) the Maximum Purchase Price Percentage, as such amount in clause (i) or (ii) may be reduced in accordance with Section 9(b) of this Agreement.
 
Facility Termination Date” shall mean the earlier to occur of (i) repayment in full or repurchase of the last Purchased Asset subject to this Agreement and (ii) June 25, 2021 (as may be extended pursuant to Section 9(a) of this Agreement), the date under this clause (ii) being the “Stated Facility Termination Date”.
 
FATCA” shall mean Sections 1471 through 1474 of the Code, as of the date of this Agreement (or any amended or successor version that is substantively comparable and not materially more onerous to comply with), together in each case with any current or future regulations, guidance or official interpretations thereof, any agreements entered into pursuant to Section 1471(b)(1) of the Code and any intergovernmental agreements (or related rules, practices, legislation or official administrative guidance) implementing the foregoing.
 
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FATF” shall mean the Financial Action Task Force on Money Laundering.
 
FDIA” shall mean the Federal Deposit Insurance Act, as amended.
 
FDICIA” shall mean Title IV of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Improvement Act of 1991.
 
Fee Letter” shall mean that certain letter agreement, dated the date hereof, by and among Administrative Agent, Buyer and Seller, as the same may be amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time.
 
Filings” shall have the meaning specified in Section 6(b) of this Agreement.
 
Financial Covenant Compliance Certificate” shall mean, an Officer’s Certificate in the form of Exhibit VII attached hereto.
 
First Mortgage A‑Note” shall mean (i) a senior Mortgage Note in an AB Mortgage Loan or (ii) a senior controlling pari passu Mortgage Note in a Split Mortgage Loan.
 
Future Advance Asset” shall mean any Purchased Asset with respect to which there exists a continuing obligation on the part of the holder of such Purchased Asset, pursuant to the terms and conditions of the Purchased Asset Documents, to provide additional funding to the Mortgagor or Mezzanine Borrower, as applicable.
 
Future Advance Purchase” shall have the meaning specified in Section 3(h) of this Agreement.
 
GAAP” shall mean United States generally accepted accounting principles consistently applied as in effect from time to time.
 
GLB Act” shall have the meaning specified in Section 28(b) hereof.
 
GLB Indemnified Party” shall have the meaning specified in Section 27(b) hereof.
 
Governmental Authority” shall mean any national or federal government, any state, regional, local or other political subdivision thereof with jurisdiction and any Person with jurisdiction exercising executive, legislative, judicial, regulatory or administrative functions of or pertaining to government.
 
Guarantor” shall mean KKR Real Estate Finance Holdings L.P., a Delaware limited partnership.
 
Guarantor Financial Covenants” shall mean the covenants of Guarantor set forth in Section 4.7 of the Guaranty.
 
Guaranty” shall mean that certain Guaranty, dated as of the date hereof, made by Guarantor in favor of Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, as the same may be amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time.
 
Hedging Transactions” shall mean, with respect to any or all of the Purchased Assets, any short sale of U.S. Treasury Securities or mortgage‑related securities, futures contract (including currency futures) or options contract or any interest rate swap, cap or collar agreement or similar arrangements providing for protection against fluctuations in interest rates or the exchange of nominal interest obligations, either generally or under specific contingencies, entered into by Seller, or by the underlying obligor with respect to any Purchased Asset and pledged to Seller as collateral for such Purchased Asset, with one or more counterparties that is an Affiliated Hedge Counterparty or a Qualified Hedge Counterparty or, with respect to any Hedging Transaction pledged to Seller as additional collateral for a Purchased Asset, complies with such other rating requirement applicable to such Hedging Transaction set forth in the related Purchased Asset Documents or which is otherwise acceptable to Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer; provided that Seller shall not grant or permit any liens, security interests, charges, or encumbrances with respect to any such Hedging Transactions for the benefit of any Person other than Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer.
 
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Income” shall mean, with respect to any Purchased Asset at any time, any payment or other cash distribution thereon of principal, interest, dividends, fees, reimbursements or proceeds thereof (including net sales proceeds after payment of the applicable Release Repurchase Price) (but excluding all related escrow and reserve payments and any Qualified Servicing Expenses permitted to retained by Servicer) or other cash distributions thereon (including casualty or condemnation proceeds).
 
Indebtedness” shall mean, for any Person:  (i) obligations created, issued or incurred by such Person for borrowed money (whether by loan, the issuance and sale of debt securities or the sale of property to another Person subject to an understanding or agreement, contingent or otherwise, to repurchase such property from such Person); (ii) obligations of such Person to pay the deferred purchase or acquisition price of property or services, other than trade accounts payable (other than for borrowed money) arising, and accrued expenses incurred, in the ordinary course of business so long as such trade accounts payable are payable within sixty (60) days of the date the respective goods are delivered or the respective services are rendered; (iii) Indebtedness of others secured by a lien on the property of such Person, whether or not the respective Indebtedness so secured has been assumed by such Person; (iv) obligations (contingent or otherwise) of such Person in respect of letters of credit or similar instruments issued or accepted by banks and other financial institutions for account of such Person; (v) contingent or future funding obligations under any Purchased Asset or any obligations senior to, or  pari passu  with, any Purchased Asset; (vi) Capital Lease Obligations of such Person; (vii) obligations of such Person under repurchase agreements, sale/buy‑back agreements or like arrangements; (viii) Indebtedness of others Guaranteed by such Person; (ix) all obligations of such Person incurred in connection with the acquisition or carrying of fixed assets by such Person; (x) Indebtedness of general partnerships of which such Person is a general partner or of which such Person is secondarily on contingently liable (other than by endorsement of instruments in the course of collection), whether by reason of any agreement to acquire such indebtedness, to supply or advance sums or otherwise; and (xi) all net liabilities or obligations under any interest rate swap, interest rate cap, interest rate floor, interest rate collar or other hedging instrument or agreement.
 
Indemnified Amounts” shall have the meaning specified in the Fee Letter.
 
Indemnified Parties” shall have the meaning specified in the Fee Letter.
 
Indemnified Taxes” shall mean (a) Taxes, other than Excluded Taxes, imposed on or with respect to any payment made by or on account of any obligation of Seller under any Transaction Document and (b) to the extent not otherwise described in clause (a), Other Taxes.
 
Independent Appraiser” shall mean an independent professional real estate appraiser who is a member in good standing of the American Appraisal Institute, and, if the state in which the subject Mortgaged Property is located certifies or licenses appraisers, is certified or licensed in such state, and in each such case, who has a minimum of five (5) years’ experience appraising properties of the subject property type.
 
Independent Director” shall mean, with respect to any corporation or limited liability company, an individual who:  (a) is provided by CT Corporation, Corporation Service Company, National Registered Agents, Inc., Wilmington Trust Company, Stewart Management Company, Lord Securities Corporation, Puglisi & Associates or, if none of those companies is then providing professional independent directors, another nationally‑recognized company reasonably approved by Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, in each case that is not an Affiliate of such corporation or limited liability company and that provides professional independent directors and other corporate services in the ordinary course of its business; (b) is duly appointed as a member of the board of directors of such corporation or as an independent manager, member of the board of managers, or special member of such limited liability company; and (c) is not, and has never been, and will not while serving as Independent Director be (i) a member (other than an independent, non‑economic “springing” member), partner, equityholder, manager, director, officer or employee of such corporation or limited liability company or any of its equityholders or affiliates (other than an affiliate that is not in the direct chain of ownership of such corporation or limited liability company and that is a Single‑Purpose Entity; provided that the fees such individual earns from serving as an Independent Director of such affiliates in any given year constitute in the aggregate less than 5% of such individual’s annual income for that year); (ii) a creditor, supplier or service provider (including provider of professional services) to such corporation or limited liability company or any of its equityholders or affiliates (other than a nationally recognized company that routinely provides professional independent managers or directors and that also provides lien search and other similar services to such corporation or limited liability company or any of its equityholders or affiliates in the ordinary course of business); (iii) a family member of any such member, partner, equityholder, manager, director, officer, employee, creditor, supplier or service provider; or (iv) a Person that controls (whether directly, indirectly or otherwise) any of clauses (i) or (ii) above.
 
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Initial Purchase Price” shall mean, with respect to any Purchased Asset, the product of (i) the outstanding principal balance of such Purchased Asset as of the Purchase Date for such Purchased Asset, multiplied by (ii) the applicable Purchase Price Percentage for such Purchased Asset as of such Purchase Date.
 
Insolvency Law” shall mean the Bankruptcy Code and all other applicable liquidation, conservatorship, bankruptcy, moratorium, rearrangement, receivership, insolvency, reorganization, suspension of payments and similar debtor relief laws from time to time in effect affecting the rights of creditors generally.
 
Interest Expense” shall mean, with respect to any Person and its Consolidated Subsidiaries, if any, for any period, the amount of interest paid in cash with respect to Indebtedness as shown on such Person’s consolidated statement of cash flow in accordance with GAAP, as offset by the amount of receipts pursuant to net received interest rate swap agreements of such Person and its Consolidated Subsidiaries during the applicable period, plus the amount of any interest expense allocated to any non-consolidated subsidiary of such Person.
 
Interest Income” shall mean, with respect to any Person and its Consolidated Subsidiaries, if any, for any period, the amount of interest paid in cash with respect to Indebtedness as show on such Person’s consolidated statement of cash flow in accordance with GAAP, as offset by the amount of receipts pursuant to net received interest rate swap agreements of such Person and its Consolidated Subsidiaries during the applicable period plus the amount of any interest income allocated to any non-consolidated subsidiary of such Person.
 
Last Endorsee” shall have the meaning specified in Schedule 2 of this Agreement.
 
LIBOR Rate” shall mean, for any Pricing Period with respect to a Purchased Asset, the per annum rate for deposits in U.S. dollars that appears on Reuters Screen LIBOR01 Page (or the successor thereto) as one‑month LIBOR as of 11:00 a.m. (London time) on the related Pricing Rate Reset Date; provided, that if such rate is less than zero (0), such rate shall be deemed to be zero (0) for purposes of this Agreement.
 
LIBOR Transaction” shall mean any Transaction with respect to which the Pricing Rate is determined with reference to the LIBOR Rate.
 
LLC Certificate” shall mean, with respect to any Purchased Asset that is a Mezzanine Loan, the certificate or certificates evidencing 100% of the related Capital Stock.
 
Lockout Period” shall have the meaning specified in the Fee Letter.
 
LTV” shall mean, with respect to any Purchased Asset, the ratio of the aggregate outstanding debt as of the date of the most recent Appraisal delivered by Seller to Administrative Agent pursuant to the terms of this Agreement (which aggregate outstanding debt shall include such Purchased Asset and all debt senior to or pari passu with such Purchased Asset as of such date) secured, directly or indirectly, by the related Mortgaged Property or Properties, to the aggregate Property Value of such Mortgaged Property or Properties.
 
Manager” shall mean KKR Real Estate Finance Manager LLC, a Delaware limited liability company.
 
Mandatory Prepayment” shall have the meaning specified in Section 4(a) of this Agreement.
 
Mandatory Prepayment Event” shall have the meaning specified in Section 4(a) of this Agreement.
 
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Material Adverse Effect” shall mean a material adverse effect on (i) the business, operations or financial condition of Guarantor, Seller and/or Pledgor, (ii) the ability of the Guarantor, Seller or Pledgor to perform its obligations under any of the Transaction Documents to which it is party, (iii) the validity or enforceability of any the Transaction Documents, or (iv) the rights and remedies of Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, under any of the Transaction Documents.
 
Maximum Asset Exposure Ratio” shall have the meaning specified in the Fee Letter.
 
Maximum LTV Threshold” shall have the meaning specified in the Fee Letter.
 
Maximum Portfolio Exposure Threshold” shall have the meaning specified in the Fee Letter.
 
Maximum Purchase Price Percentage” shall have the meaning specified in the Fee Letter.
 
Mezzanine Borrower” shall mean, with respect to any Mezzanine Loan, the obligor on the related Mezzanine Note, the pledgor under the related Mezzanine Pledge Agreement and the owner of the related Capital Stock.
 
Mezzanine Pledge Agreement” shall mean, with respect to any Purchased Asset that is a Mezzanine Loan, the pledge and security agreement creating a valid and enforceable lien on the related Capital Stock.
 
Mezzanine Loan” shall mean a loan secured by a pledge of Capital Stock in one or more entities holding direct or indirect beneficial interests in an entity owning (or having a ground lease interest in) a Mortgaged Property.
 
Mezzanine Note” shall mean, with respect to a Mezzanine Loan, a note or other evidence of indebtedness secured by a pledge of the related Capital Stock.
 
Moody’s” shall mean Moody’s Investors Service, Inc.
 
More Favorable Agreement” shall have the meaning specified in Section 12(s) of this Agreement.
 
Mortgage” shall mean the mortgage, deed of trust, deed to secure debt or other instruments, creating a valid and enforceable first lien on or a first priority ownership interest in a Mortgaged Property.
 
Mortgage Loan” shall mean (i) a whole commercial mortgage loan or (ii) a First Mortgage A‑Note, in each case secured by a Mortgage and evidenced by a Mortgage Note and all other Purchased Asset Documents, all right, title and interest of Seller in and to any Mortgaged Property covered by the related Mortgage and all related Servicing Rights.
 
Mortgage Note” shall mean (a) with respect to a Mortgage, a note or other evidence of indebtedness of a Mortgagor secured by such Mortgage and (b) with respect to a Participation Interest, a Participation Certificate evidencing such Participation Interest.
 
Mortgaged Property” shall mean the real property or properties securing repayment of the debt evidenced by a Mortgage Note (or Mortgage Notes, in the case of an AB Mortgage Loan or Split Mortgage Loan).
 
Mortgagor” shall mean the obligor on a Mortgage Note, the grantor of the related Mortgage and the owner of the related Mortgaged Property.
 
OFAC” shall mean the Office of Foreign Assets Control of the United States Department of the Treasury.
 
Officer’s Certificate” shall mean, as to any Person, a certificate of a duly authorized officer of such Person.
 
Other Taxes” shall mean any and all present or future stamp, court or documentary, intangible, recording, filing or similar Taxes that may arise from any payment made under any Transaction Document or from the execution, delivery or enforcement of, or otherwise with respect to, any Transaction Document.
 
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Participation Certificate” shall mean a participation certificate which evidences the outstanding balance of a Participation Interest.
 
Participation Interest” shall mean a senior controlling pari passu participation interest in a performing Mortgage Loan.
 
Permitted Encumbrances” shall mean (a) liens for real property Taxes, ground rents, water charges, sewer rates and assessments not yet due and payable or with respect to Taxes that are being contested in good faith and for which reserves have been established in accordance with GAAP; (b) liens arising by operation of law (such as materialmen’s, mechanics’, carriers’, workmen’s, repairmen’s and similar liens) arising in the ordinary course of business which are (i) discharged by payment, bonding or otherwise or (ii) being contested in good faith by the related Mortgagor or Mezzanine Borrower in accordance with the related Purchased Asset Documents; (c) covenants, conditions and restrictions, rights of way, easements and other matters of public record, which do not individually or in the aggregate, in the reasonable judgment of Seller, materially interfere with (i) the current use of the related Mortgaged Property, (ii) the security intended to be provided by the related Mortgage, (iii) the underlying obligor’s ability to pay its obligations when they become due or (iv) the value of the related Mortgaged Property; (d) liens and encumbrances set forth in the related Title Policy; and (e) rights of existing or future tenants as tenants only pursuant to leases.
 
Permitted Release Period” shall have the meaning specified in the Fee Letter.
 
Person” shall mean an individual, corporation, limited liability company, business trust, partnership, joint tenant or tenant‑in‑common, trust, joint stock company, joint venture, unincorporated organization, or other entity, or a federal, state or local government or any agency or political subdivision thereof.
 
Plan” shall mean an employee benefit or other plan established or maintained during the five‑year period ended prior to the date of this Agreement or to which Seller or any ERISA Affiliate makes, is obligated to make or has, within the five‑year period ended prior to the date of this Agreement, been required to make contributions and that is covered by Title IV of ERISA or Section 302 of ERISA or Section 412 of the Code.
 
Plan Asset Regulations” shall mean the regulations promulgated at 29 C.F.R. Section 2510.3-101, as modified by Section 3(42) of ERISA, as amended from time to time.
 
Pledge and Security Agreement” shall mean that certain Pledge and Security Agreement, dated as of the date hereof, made by Pledgor in favor of Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, as the same may be amended, restated, supplemented, replaced or otherwise modified from time to time.
 
Pledgor” shall mean KREF Holdings V LLC, a Delaware limited liability company.
 
Portfolio LTV” shall mean, as of any date of determination, the ratio (expressed as a percentage) of the product of (i) the weighted average Maximum Purchase Price Percentage of all Purchased Assets as of such date, multiplied by (ii) the weighted average LTV for all Purchased Assets as of such date based on the most recent Appraisals delivered by Seller to Administrative Agent pursuant to the terms of this Agreement.
 
Power of Attorney to Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer” shall mean (i) that certain Power of Attorney to Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, dated as of the date hereof executed by Seller in favor of Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, and (ii) such other power of attorney executed pursuant to this Agreement in substantially the form attached as Exhibit II‑1.
 
Power of Attorney to Seller” shall mean (i) that certain Power of Attorney to Seller dated as of the date hereof executed by Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, in favor of Seller and (ii) such other power of attorney executed pursuant to this Agreement substantially in the form of Exhibit II‑2.
 
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Preliminary Due Diligence Package” shall mean, with respect to any Purchased Asset, the following due diligence information, to the extent applicable, relating to such Purchased Asset to be provided by Seller to Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, pursuant to this Agreement:
 
(a)          a summary of Seller’s internal credit committee or investment committee memorandum outlining the proposed transaction including among other things, potential transaction benefits and all material known underwriting risks and Underwriting Issues, underwriting models and all other characteristics of the proposed transaction that a prudent buyer would consider material;
 
(b)           current rent roll and rollover schedule, if applicable;
 
(c)           cash flow pro forma, plus historical information, if available;
 
(d)           flood certification (of the equivalent in the applicable jurisdiction);
 
(e)           maps and photos, if available;
 
(f)           interest coverage ratios and Debt Yield Ratio;
 
(g)          description of the Mortgaged Property, along with a description of the Mortgagor and sponsor (including their experience with other projects, ownership structure and financial statements);
 
(h)           loan‑to‑value ratio;
 
(i)            Seller’s or any Affiliate’s relationship with the Underlying Borrower or any affiliate;
 
(j)           material third party reports, to the extent available and applicable, including:  (i) engineering and structural reports, each in form and prepared by consultants acceptable to Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer; (ii) current Appraisal; (iii) Phase I environmental report (including asbestos and lead paint report) and, if applicable, Phase II or other follow‑up environmental report if recommended in Phase I, each in form and prepared by consultants acceptable to Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer; (iv) seismic reports, each in form and prepared by consultants acceptable to Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer; (v) operations and maintenance plan with respect to asbestos containing materials, each in form and prepared by consultants acceptable to Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer; and (vi) the servicing data tape;
 
(k)         copies of documents evidencing such Purchased Asset, or current drafts thereof, including, without limitation, underlying debt and security documents, guaranties, the Underlying Borrower’s organizational documents, loan and collateral pledge agreements, and intercreditor agreements, as applicable;
 
(l)          insurance certificates or other evidence of insurance coverage evidencing the insurance required to be maintained with respect to any Mortgaged Property or Properties pursuant to Section 3(c)(iv) hereof (including evidence of terrorism insurance coverage and such other customary insurance coverage satisfactory to Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer);
 
(m)         analyses and reports with respect to such other matters concerning the Purchased Asset as Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, may in its reasonable discretion require; and
 
(n)          with respect to any Transaction involving a Purchased Asset that is a Future Advance Asset, Seller shall indicate in the related Preliminary Due Diligence Package that such Purchased Asset is a Future Advance Asset and shall provide Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, with the information required to complete the Confirmation regarding such Future Advance Asset, as well as the then remaining unfunded principal amount of all Purchased Assets that constitute Future Advance Assets.
 
Prepayment Percentage” shall have the meaning specified in the Fee Letter.
 
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Prescribed Laws” shall mean, collectively, (a) the USA PATRIOT Act, (b) Executive Order 13224, (c) the International Emergency Economic Power Act, 50 U.S.C. §1701 et. seq., (d) the Bank Secrecy Act (31 U.S.C. Sections 5311 et seq.) as amended and (e) all other Requirements of Law relating to money laundering or terrorism, including without limitation, the USA PATRIOT Act and all regulations and executive orders promulgated with respect to money laundering or terrorism, including, without limitation, those promulgated by the Office of Foreign Assets Control of the United States Department of the Treasury.
 
Price Differential” shall mean, with respect to any Transaction as of any date, the aggregate amount obtained by daily application of the Pricing Rate for such Transaction to the outstanding Purchase Price thereof as of such date, calculated on the basis of a three hundred sixty (360) day per year basis for the actual number of days during the period commencing on (and including) the Purchase Date for such Transaction and ending on (but excluding) the date of determination.
 
Pricing Period” shall mean, with respect to each Purchased Asset, (a) in the case of the first (1st) Remittance Date, the period from and including the original Purchase Date for such Purchased Asset to but excluding the next following Remittance Date, and (b) in the case of each subsequent Remittance Date, the one‑month period from and including the preceding Remittance Date to but excluding such Remittance Date; provided that no Pricing Period for a Purchased Asset shall end after the Repurchase Date for such Purchased Asset.
 
Pricing Rate” shall mean, for any Pricing Period with respect to a Purchased Asset, an annual rate equal to the LIBOR Rate for such Pricing Period, plus the Applicable Spread (subject to adjustment and/or conversion as provided in Sections 3(l), 3(m) and 3(p) of this Agreement).
 
Pricing Rate Reset Date” shall mean, with respect to a Purchased Asset, (a) in the case of the first (1st) Pricing Period for such Purchased Asset, the original Purchase Date for such Purchased Asset, and (b) in the case of each subsequent Pricing Period, two (2) Business Days preceding the Remittance Date on which such Pricing Period begins.
 
Principal Payment” shall mean, with respect to any Purchased Asset, any payment or prepayment of principal received in respect thereof (including casualty or condemnation proceeds to the extent that such proceeds are not required under the underlying loan documents to be reserved, escrowed, readvanced or applied for the benefit of the Mortgagor or the related Mortgaged Property).  For purposes of clarification, prepayment premiums, fees or penalties shall not be deemed to be principal.
 
Prohibited Person” shall mean any Person:  (i) listed in the Annex to, or otherwise subject to the provisions of, Executive Order 13224; (ii) that is owned or controlled by, or acting for or on behalf of, any person or entity that is listed in the Annex to, or is otherwise subject to the provisions of, Executive Order 13224;(iii) with whom Administrative Agent and/or Buyer is prohibited from dealing or otherwise engaging in any transaction by any terrorism or money laundering law, including Executive Order 13224;(iv) who commits, threatens or conspires to commit or supports “terrorism” as defined in Executive Order 13224;(v) that is the subject of Sanctions;(vi) that is a foreign shell bank; (vii) that is a resident of, or whose subscription funds are transferred from or through an account in, a jurisdiction that has been designated as a non‑cooperative with international anti‑money laundering principles or procedures by an intergovernmental group or organization, such as the FATF, of which the U.S. is a member and with which designation the U.S. representative to the group or organization continues to concur (see http://www.fatf‑gati.org for the FATF’s “Non‑Cooperative Countries and Territories Initiative”); or (viii) who is an Affiliate of a Person described above.
 
Property Value” shall mean, with respect to any Mortgaged Property as of any relevant date, the “as-is” appraisal value of the Mortgaged Property based on the then most recent Appraisal delivered by Seller to Administrative Agent in accordance with the terms of this Agreement.
 
Purchase Date” shall mean, with respect to any Purchased Asset, the date on which such Purchased Asset is transferred by Seller to Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer.
 
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Purchase Price” shall mean, with respect to any Purchased Asset, as of any date, an amount equal to (i) the Initial Purchase Price for such Purchased Asset, plus (ii) the amount of any Future Advance Purchase and/or the amount of any Additional Advance or True Up Advance allocated to such Purchased Asset pursuant to Section 3(h), minus (iii) any payment applied to reduce the Purchase Price of such Purchased Asset in connection with a Mandatory Prepayment Event pursuant to Section 4 minus (iv) any Principal Payment relating to such Purchased Asset applied pursuant to Section 5 to reduce such Purchase Price, and any other amounts paid to Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, by Seller to reduce such Purchase Price.
 
Purchase Price Percentage” shall mean, with respect to each Purchased Asset, the lesser of (i) the “Purchase Price Percentage” for such Purchased Asset specified in the Confirmation and (ii) the applicable Maximum Purchase Price Percentage; provided that for purposes of calculating the percentage of Principal Payments with respect to a Purchased Asset required to be applied in accordance with Section 5(c)(i) as of any date of determination, the Purchase Percentage shall equal the ratio (expressed as a percentage) of (i) the Purchase Price of such Purchased Asset as of such date divided by (ii) the outstanding principal balance of such Purchased Asset as of such date (in each case, before giving effect to the application of Principal Payments on the applicable date of determination).
 
Purchased Asset” shall mean each Mortgage Loan, Mezzanine Loan and Participation Interest listed on Schedule 1 to the Fee Letter.
 
Purchased Asset Documents” shall mean, with respect to a Purchased Asset, the documents specified in Schedule 2.
 
Purchased Asset File” shall mean the Purchased Asset Documents, together with any additional documents and information required to be delivered to Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, or its designee (including Custodian) pursuant to this Agreement.
 
Purchased Asset File Checklist” shall have the meaning specified in the Custodial Agreement.
 
Purchased Asset Schedule” shall have the meaning specified in the Custodial Agreement.
 
Qualified Assignee” shall mean (i) any insurance company, bank, savings and loan association, investment bank, trust company, commercial credit corporation, pension plan, pension fund, mutual fund, or an Affiliate of Buyer that is regularly engaged in the business of making or owning commercial real estate loans or operating commercial real estate properties having shareholders’ equity or statutory capital in excess of $1,000,000,000, (ii) any entity Controlled by a Person identified in clause (i), provided that for such purpose, “Control” shall mean the ownership, directly or indirectly, in the aggregate of more than fifty percent (50%) of the beneficial ownership interests of an entity and the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management or policies of an entity, whether through the ability to exercise voting power, by contract or otherwise, (iii) a single-purpose bankruptcy-remote entity established by the Administrative Agent, Buyer or an Affiliate thereof that holds an undivided interest in the Transactions in connection with a securitization or a financing through an “owner trust” of the applicable interest in the Transactions; provided that (x) the terms and conditions of any such securitization or financing are reasonably satisfactory to Seller and (y) there is  only one beneficial owner of such interest who otherwise satisfies the requirements of clauses (i) and (ii) and, in each can under clauses (i), (ii) and (iii), that is “Qualified Transferee” under and as such term is defined in each Participation Agreement related to the Purchased Assets and an “eligible assignee” (or similar term) as defined in the Purchased Asset Documents.
 
 “Qualified Capital Commitments” shall mean, as of any date of determination with respect to any Person, the excess of (a) the amount of any uncalled capital commitments of investors in such Person that are (i) payable in cash; (ii) readily available to be called by such Person without restriction or any other condition at any time and from time to time other than notice and other conditions disclosed in writing by Seller to Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, prior to the date hereof; and (iii) from an investor that is not subject to an Act of Insolvency over (b) the outstanding principal amount of any debt secured by such capital commitments.
 
Qualified Hedge Counterparty” shall mean, with respect to any Hedging Transaction, any entity other than an Affiliated Hedge Counterparty, that (a) qualifies as an “eligible contract participant” as such term is defined in the Commodity Exchange Act (as amended by the Commodity Futures Modernization Act of 2000), (b) the long‑term debt of which is rated no less than “A+” by Standard & Poor’s and “A1” by Moody’s and (c) is reasonably acceptable to Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer; provided that, with respect to clause (c), if Administrative Agent has approved an entity as a counterparty, it may not thereafter deem such counterparty unacceptable with respect to any previously outstanding Transaction unless clause (a) or (b) no longer applies with respect to such counterparty.
 
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Qualifying Replacement Facility” shall have the meaning specified in Section 3(t) of this Agreement.
 
Quarterly Report” shall have the meaning specified in the Guaranty.
 
Qualified Servicing Expenses” shall mean the servicing fees and any expenses payable to the Servicer that are expressly provided for in the Servicing Agreement, including any amounts that are netted by such Servicer out of collections pursuant to the Servicing Agreement (but in no event shall Qualified Servicing Expenses include any termination fees payable pursuant to the Servicing Agreement).
 
Regulations T, U and X” shall mean Regulations T, U and X of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (or any successor thereto), as the same may be modified and supplemented and in effect from time to time.
 
REIT” shall mean KKR Real Estate Finance Trust Inc., a Maryland corporation.
 
Release Percentage” shall have the meaning specified in the Fee Letter.
 
Release Repurchase Price” shall mean, with respect to any Purchased Asset, as of any applicable date of determination, the sum of (i) the Purchase Price of such Purchased Asset as of such date of determination multiplied by the applicable Release Percentage plus (iii) any accrued and unpaid Price Differential with respect to such Purchased Asset as of such date of determination.
 
Remittance Date” shall mean the fifteenth (15th) calendar day of each month, or the next succeeding Business Day, if such calendar day shall not be a Business Day.
 
Representatives” shall have the meaning specified in Section 28(a) hereof.
 
Repurchase Assets” shall have the meaning specified in Section 6(a) hereof.
 
Repurchase Date” shall mean, with respect to any Purchased Asset, the date that is the earliest to occur of the following:  (a) the Facility Termination Date or (b) if applicable, the related Early Repurchase Date or Accelerated Repurchase Date.
 
Repurchase Obligations” shall mean the Aggregate Repurchase Price and all other amounts due under the Transaction Documents (including interest which would be payable as post‑petition interest in connection with any bankruptcy or similar proceeding) irrespective of whether such obligations are direct or indirect, absolute or contingent, matured or unmatured.
 
Repurchase Price” shall mean, with respect to any Purchased Asset, as of any date, the sum of the Purchase Price of such Purchased Asset plus any accrued and unpaid Price Differential with respect to such Purchased Asset as of the date of such determination, minus all Income and other cash actually received by Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, in respect of such Purchased Asset and applied towards the Repurchase Price and/or Price Differential pursuant to this Agreement.
 
 “Requirement of Law” shall mean any law (including, without limitation, Prescribed Law), treaty, rule, regulation, code, directive, policy, order or requirement or determination of an arbitrator or a court or any other Governmental Authority whether now or hereafter enacted or in effect.
 
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Reserve Requirements” shall mean, with respect to any date of determination, the aggregate (without duplication) of the rates (expressed as a decimal fraction) of reserve requirements in effect on such date (including, without limitation, basic, supplemental, marginal and emergency reserves under any regulations of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, the Federal Reserve Bank of New York or other Governmental Authority having jurisdiction with respect thereto) dealing with reserve requirements prescribed for Eurocurrency funding (currently referred to as “Eurocurrency Liabilities” in Regulation D of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System) maintained by Buyer.
 
Sanctions” shall have the meaning specified in Section 10(xxv)(A) of this Agreement.
 
SEC” shall mean the Securities and Exchange Commission.
 
Seller” shall have the meaning specified in the introductory paragraph of this Agreement.
 
Sequential Pay Trigger Event” shall have the meaning specified in the Fee Letter.
 
Servicer” shall mean Midland Loan Services, or any successor servicer appointed by Seller, as agent for Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, and reasonably acceptable to Administrative Agent, or appointed by Administrative Agent in its sole discretion during the continuance of an Event of Default; provided that the provisions of Section 22 are satisfied.
 
Servicing Agreement” shall mean (i) that certain Servicing Agreement, dated as of the date hereof, by and among Servicer, Administrative Agent, Seller and Buyer and (ii) such other servicing or subservicing agreement entered into by Seller on behalf of Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, in accordance with Section 22 of this Agreement, as the same may be amended, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time.
 
Servicing Records” shall have the meaning specified in Section 22(b) of this Agreement.
 
Servicing Rights” shall mean contractual, possessory or other rights of any Person to administer, service or subservice any Purchased Assets (or to possess any Servicing Records relating thereto), including:  (i) the rights to service the Purchased Assets; (ii) the right to receive compensation (whether direct or indirect) for such servicing, including the right to receive and retain the related servicing fee and all other fees with respect to such Purchased Assets; and (iii) all rights, powers and privileges incidental to the foregoing, together with all Servicing Records relating thereto.
 
Significant Modification” shall mean, with respect to any Purchased Asset:
 
(i)          any forbearance or extension with respect to the payment of (other than the maturity date, for which the provisions of clause (ii)(B) below shall apply), or decrease the amount of principal of, or interest on, the obligations evidenced by the related Purchased Asset Documents (other than any expense reimbursement obligation);
 
(ii)         with respect to such Purchased Asset: (A) any modification or waiver of any monetary or financial term (other than postponing or extending any scheduled date fixed for any payment of principal of, or interest on, the obligations evidenced by the Purchased Asset Documents, for which the provisions of clause (i) above shall apply and other than any expense reimbursement obligation); or (B) extending the maturity date thereunder (other than any extension of the maturity date for which there is no material lender discretion and the relevant conditions have been satisfied (and not waived));
 
(iii)         releasing any portion of the collateral securing the obligations evidenced by the related Purchased Asset Documents, acceptance of substitute or additional collateral or subordinating such Purchased Asset or any collateral therefor to any other indebtedness (other than as permitted by the terms of the underlying Purchased Asset Document and for which there is no material lender discretion and the relevant conditions have been satisfied in all material respects (and not waived in any material respect));
 
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(iv)          releasing any obligor thereunder (other than any release required by the terms of the underlying Purchased Asset Documents and for which there is no material lender discretion and the relevant conditions have been satisfied in all material respects (and not waived in any material respect) or described in the parenthetical to clause (iii) above);
 
(v)           waiving a default for a scheduled payment of principal of, or interest on, the obligations evidenced by the Purchased Asset Document or a material non-monetary default under the Purchased Asset Documents;
 
(vi)          any reinstatement of the Purchased Asset following an acceleration thereof;
 
(vii)         waiving or modifying any monetary (other than any expense reimbursement obligation) or material non-monetary condition to the extension of the maturity date of the Purchased Asset;
 
(viii)       any waiver of a “due-on-sale” or “due-on-encumbrance” clause with respect to a Purchased Asset or, if lender consent is required, any consent to such a waiver or consent to a transfer of an underlying Mortgaged Property or a transfer or pledge of direct or indirect interests in the Mortgagor or consent to the incurrence of additional debt by Mortgagor or any direct or indirect owner thereof, other than any such transfer, pledge and/or incurrence of debt as may be effected without the consent of the lender under the related Purchased Asset Documents;
 
(ix)        foreclosure, sale or other disposition of any collateral or exercise of any other material right or remedy following an Event of Default with respect to a Purchased Asset (including in connection with the bankruptcy of a Mortgagor or other obligor in respect of a Purchased Asset) unless there is a concurrent repayment of the Repurchase Price with respect thereto;
 
(x)          any modification, waiver or amendment of an intercreditor agreement, participation agreement or similar agreement with any mezzanine lender or subordinate debt holder related to any Purchased Asset, or any exercise of rights or remedies with respect thereto, in each case if and to the extent such action adversely affects the priority, payments, consent rights or security interest of the holder of the Purchased Asset; or
 
(xi)          any additional matters as may be set forth in the Confirmation with respect to a Purchased Asset;
 
provided that, notwithstanding anything in the foregoing to the contrary, none of the following shall constitute a “Significant Modification”:
 
(1) with respect to Purchased Asset #1 identified on Schedule 1 to the Fee Letter, adjustments from time to time to the release prices of the related Mortgaged Properties so long as the aggregate release prices for all such Mortgaged Properties at the time of any such adjustment does not decrease by more than 5%;

(2) with respect to any Purchased Asset other than a Defaulted Asset, any modification, waiver, or amendment that relates exclusively to exit fees, default interest, prepayment fees, yield or spread maintenance provisions; and

(3) so long as no Event of Default is continuing, any modification, waiver or amendment that would result in a change in the interest rate or spread with respect to any Purchased Asset, provided that immediately after giving effect to such modification, waiver or amendment the weighted average spread of all of the Purchased Assets shall not be less than 3.00% and no Purchased Asset shall have a spread of less than 2.50%.

Single‑Purpose Entity” shall mean any corporation, limited partnership or limited liability company that, since the date of its formation and at all times on and after the date hereof, has complied with and shall at all times comply with the provisions of Section 13 of this Agreement.
 
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SIPA” shall have the meaning specified in Section 25(a) of this Agreement.
 
Split Mortgage Loan” shall mean a Mortgage Loan evidenced by two or more senior pari passu Mortgage Notes.
 
Spread Maintenance Premium” shall have the meaning specified in the Fee Letter.
 
Standard & Poor’s” shall mean Standard & Poor’s Ratings Services, Inc., a division of the McGraw Hill Companies Inc. and any successor in interest.
 
Standard Lien Exceptions” shall have the meaning specified in Exhibit III of this Agreement.
 
Stated Facility Termination Date” shall have the meaning specified in the definition of Facility Termination Date.
 
Subsidiary” shall mean, as to any Person, a corporation, partnership or other entity majority owned and Controlled by such Person.
 
Supplemental Due Diligence Package” shall mean, with respect to any Purchased Asset, information or deliveries concerning such Purchased Asset that Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, shall reasonably request in addition to the Preliminary Due Diligence Package, including, without limitation, a credit approval memorandum representing the final terms of the underlying transaction, a loan‑to‑value ratio computation and a final Debt Yield Ratio computation for such Purchased Asset.
 
Survey” shall mean a certified ALTA/ACSM (or applicable state standards for the state in which a Mortgaged Property is located) survey of a Mortgaged Property prepared by a registered independent surveyor and in form and content reasonably satisfactory to Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, and the company issuing the Title Policy for such Mortgaged Property.
 
Tangible Net Worth” shall mean, with respect to any Person and its Consolidated Subsidiaries on a consolidated basis, as of any date of determination, the sum of (a) all amounts that would be included under capital or shareholders’ equity (or like caption) on the balance sheet of such Person at such date, determined in accordance with GAAP as of such date, plus (b) the aggregate amount of all Qualified Capital Commitments of such Person, less (c) (i) amounts owing to such Person or Consolidated Subsidiary from Affiliates or from officers, employees, partners, members, directors, shareholders or other Persons similarly affiliated with such Person or any Affiliate thereof, (ii) intangible assets of such Person (other than Hedging Transactions specifically related to the Purchased Assets) and (iii) prepaid Taxes and/or expenses, all on or as of such date.
 
Taxes” shall mean all present or future taxes, levies, imposts, duties, deductions, withholdings (including backup withholding), assessments, fees or other charges imposed by any Governmental Authority, including any interest, additions to tax or penalties applicable thereto.
 
 “Title Policy” shall mean (a) with respect to any Purchased Asset that is a Mortgage Loan, an American Land Title Association lender’s title insurance policy or a comparable form of lender’s title insurance policy and (y) with respect to any Purchased Asset that is a Mezzanine Loan, an “Eagle-9” policy, “UCC Plus” policy or equivalent UCC insurance policy; in each case, that is approved for use in the applicable jurisdiction and in form and substance reasonably acceptable to Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, (b) if such policy has not yet been issued, (i) a pro forma policy or (ii) a “marked up” commitment, in each case that is binding on the title insurer.
 
Total Indebtedness” means, with respect to any Person, as of any date of determination, the aggregate Indebtedness (other than contingent liabilities not reflected on such Person’s consolidated balance sheet) of such Person and its Consolidated Subsidiaries plus the proportionate share of all Indebtedness (other than Contingent liabilities not reflected on such Person’s consolidated balance sheet) of all non-Consolidated Subsidiaries of such Person as of such date, all on or as of such date and determined in accordance with GAAP, less (a) the amount of non-recourse Indebtedness owing pursuant to securitization transactions that are not issued or sponsored by Guarantor, Affiliates of Guarantor and/or Affiliates of Manager (e.g. commercial real estate CLOs (including, without limitation, any CMBS investments)) that result from the consolidation of “variable interest entities” under the requirements of the Accounting Standards Codification Section 810, as amended, modified or supplemented from time to time, and (b) the amount of any non-recourse Indebtedness owing pursuant to a financing or securitization transaction such as a REMIC securitization, a collateralized loan obligation transaction or any other similar transaction.
 
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Transaction” shall have the meaning specified in Section 1 of this Agreement.
 
Transaction Conditions Precedent” shall have the meaning specified in Section 3(e) of this Agreement.
 
Transaction Costs” shall have the meaning specified in the Fee Letter.
 
Transaction Documents” shall mean, collectively, this Agreement, the Blocked Account Agreement, the Custodial Agreement, the Fee Letter, the Guaranty, the Pledge and Security Agreement, the Servicing Agreement, the Power of Attorney to Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, the Power of Attorney to Seller, the Confirmation executed pursuant to this Agreement in connection with the Transactions and all other documents executed by Seller, Guarantor or, Pledgor, in connection herewith and therewith.
 
Transfer Documents” shall mean, with respect to any Purchased Asset, all applicable Purchased Asset Documents necessary to transfer all of Seller’s right, title and interest in such Purchased Asset to Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, in accordance with the terms of this Agreement.
 
True Up Advance” shall have the meaning specified in Section 3(h) of this Agreement.
 
Trust Receipt” shall mean a trust receipt issued by Custodian to Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, substantially in the form required under the Custodial Agreement or the Bailee Agreement.
 
UCC” shall mean the Uniform Commercial Code as in effect from time to time in the State of New York; provided that if, by reason of mandatory provisions of law, the perfection or the effect of perfection or non‑perfection of any security interest is governed by the Uniform Commercial Code as in effect in a jurisdiction other than New York, with respect to perfection or the effect of perfection or non‑perfection, “UCC” shall mean the Uniform Commercial Code as in effect in such other jurisdiction for purposes of the provisions of this Agreement relating to such perfection or effect of perfection or non‑perfection.
 
Underlying Borrower” shall mean, with respect to any Purchased Asset that is a Mortgage Loan, the Mortgagor, and with respect to any Purchased Asset that is a Mezzanine Loan, the Mezzanine Borrower.
 
Underwriting Issues” shall mean, with respect to any Purchased Asset, all material information of which Seller has actual knowledge that under the circumstances, would, in the context of the totality of the Transaction in question, a reasonable institutional mortgage loan buyer would consider a materially “negative” factor (either separately or in the aggregate with other information relating to such Purchased Asset), including, but not limited to, whether such Purchased Asset was repurchased from any warehouse loan facility or a repurchase transaction due to the breach of a representation and warranty or a material defect in loan documentation or closing deliveries (such as the absence of any material Purchased Asset Document(s)).
 
USA PATRIOT Act” shall mean the Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Act of 2001 (Public Law 107‑56).
 
U.S. Tax Compliance Certificate” shall have the meaning specified in Section 3(r)(ii)(C) hereof.
 
3.
INITIATION; CONFIRMATION; TERMINATION; FEES
 
(a)         Prior to the Purchase Date with respect to each Purchase Asset, Seller shall have delivered to Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, the Diligence Materials with respect to such Purchased Asset to be purchased by Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, in accordance with the terms hereof.
 
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(b)          [reserved]
 
(c)          On or prior to the Purchase Date with respect to each Purchase Asset, Seller shall have delivered the documents set forth below in this Section 3(c) with respect to such Purchased Asset and related Mortgaged Property or Mortgaged Properties (to the extent not already delivered in the Diligence Materials) as a condition to the execution and delivery by Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, of the Confirmation with respect to such Purchased Asset (other than any Delayed Purchased Asset), all in a manner and/or form satisfactory to Administrative Agent in its sole discretion and pursuant to documentation satisfactory to Administrative Agent in its sole discretion:
 
(i)            Delivery of Purchased Asset Documents.  Copies of each of the final Purchased Asset Documents.
 
(ii)          Environmental and Engineering.  A “Phase I” (and, if recommended by the Phase I, a “Phase II”) environmental report, an asbestos survey, if applicable, and an engineering report, each in form reasonably satisfactory to Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, by an engineer and an environmental consultant, approved by Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, in its reasonable discretion.
 
(iii)          Appraisal.  Either (x) an Appraisal of the related Mortgaged Property or Properties dated not more than one year prior to the proposed Purchase Date, or (y) such other third-party valuation acceptable to Administrative Agent in its sole discretion.
 
(iv)         Insurance.  Certificates or other evidence of insurance detailing insurance coverage in respect of the related Mortgaged Property or Properties of types (including but not limited to casualty, general liability and terrorism insurance coverage, together with a third party insurance consultant’s report on such coverage), in amounts, with insurers and otherwise in compliance with the terms, provisions and conditions set forth in the Purchased Asset Documents and otherwise reasonably satisfactory to Administrative Agent.  Such certificates or other evidence shall indicate that Seller (or as to a Purchased Asset that is a Participation Interest, the lead lender on the related whole loan in which Seller is a participant) will be named as an additional insured as its interest may appear and shall contain a loss payee endorsement in favor of such additional insured with respect to the policies required to be maintained under the Purchased Asset Documents.
 
(v)           Opinions of Counsel.  Copies of all legal opinions with respect to the Purchased Asset (which shall include a non‑consolidation opinion, if applicable) that shall be in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to Administrative Agent.
 
(vi)          Title Policy.  (A) A Title Policy or Policies in favor of Seller and Seller’s successors and/or assigns with respect to each Mortgage securing such Purchased Asset with an amount of insurance that shall be not less than the principal balance of such Purchased Asset (provided that if such Purchased Asset was originated fewer than 90 days prior to the related Purchase Date, Seller may deliver, a pro forma title policy, a preliminary title policy with escrow instructions or a “marked up” commitment), or (B) an endorsement or confirmatory letter from the title company that issued the existing Title Policy (in an amount not less than the principal balance of such Purchased Asset) in favor of Seller and Seller’s successors and assigns adding such parties as an additional insured.
 
(vii)        Additional Real Estate Matters.  To the extent obtained by Seller, such other real estate related certificates and documentation as may have been reasonably requested by Administrative Agent, such as:  (A) certificates of occupancy issued by the appropriate Governmental Authority and either letters certifying that the related Mortgaged Property or Properties are in compliance with all applicable zoning laws issued by the appropriate Governmental Authority, a zoning report in form and prepared by a zoning consultant satisfactory to Administrative Agent or evidence that the related Title Policy includes a zoning endorsement; and (B) abstracts of all material leases in effect at the Mortgaged Property delivered in connection with the Purchased Asset.
 
(viii)        Exception Report.  A written report of any exceptions to the representations and warranties in Exhibit III attached hereto (an “Exception Report”).
 
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(ix)          Other Documents.  Such other documents as Administrative Agent shall reasonably deem to be necessary.
 
(d)          By its execution of this Agreement and the Confirmation, Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, shall be deemed to have notified Seller that Administrative Agent has agreed to purchase each such Purchased Asset on behalf of Buyer subject to satisfaction (or waiver by Administrative Agent) of the Transaction Conditions Precedent set forth in Section 3(e) below.  The Confirmation shall be deemed to be incorporated herein by reference with the same effect as if set forth herein at length.
 
(e)          Buyer shall transfer the Purchase Price to Seller with respect to each Purchased Asset listed in the Confirmation on the Purchase Date specified in the Confirmation, and the related Purchased Asset shall be concurrently transferred by Seller to Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer; provided that the following conditions (collectively, the “Transaction Conditions Precedent”) shall be satisfied (or waived by Administrative Agent in its sole discretion) with respect to each Transaction:
 
(i)            no Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing as of the Purchase Date;
 
(ii)           Seller shall have executed the Confirmation;
 
(iii)        Buyer shall have (A) completed to its satisfaction all due diligence with respect to such Purchased Asset, including, without limitation, due diligence with respect to any lending licensing requirements which may impact Administrative Agent and/or Buyer, (B) obtained internal credit approval for the inclusion of such Purchased Asset in a Transaction and (C) confirmed that (1) the aggregate outstanding Purchase Price for all Purchased Assets does not exceed the product of the Maximum Purchase Price Percentage multiplied by the aggregate outstanding principal balance of the Purchased Assets, (2) the LTV of such Purchased Asset does not exceed the Maximum LTV Threshold and (3) the Portfolio LTV does not exceed Maximum Portfolio Exposure Threshold;
 
(iv)         the applicable Purchased Asset File described in Section 7(b) of this Agreement shall have been delivered to Custodian, and Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, shall have received a Trust Receipt with respect to such Purchased Asset File or, with respect to the NEMA Chicago Purchased Asset, Seller shall have complied with the proviso in Section 7(b);
 
(v)         Seller shall have delivered to any related Underlying Borrower, obligor, related servicer or lead lender a direction letter in accordance with Section 5(a) of this Agreement, unless such Underlying Borrower, obligor, related servicer or lead lender is already remitting payments due to Seller with respect to such Purchased Asset to Servicer, in which case Seller shall direct Servicer to remit all such amounts into the Blocked Account in accordance with Section 5(a) of this Agreement and to service such payments in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement;
 
(vi)         Seller shall have paid to Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, (A) any fees then due and payable under the Fee Letter and (B) any unpaid Transaction Costs due and owing by Seller (which amounts, at Seller’s option, may be held back from funds remitted to Seller by Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, on the Purchase Date);
 
(vii)         the Purchased Asset shall not be a Defaulted Asset;
 
(viii)        Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, shall have received true and complete copies of fully executed originals of all Transfer Documents;
 
(ix)         Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, shall have received a copy of any document relating to any Hedging Transaction, and Seller shall have validly pledged and assigned to Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, all of Seller’s rights under each Hedging Transaction included within a Purchased Asset, if any; and
 
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(x)           no circumstance shall exist or event have occurred resulting in a Material Adverse Effect.
 
(f)         Subject to satisfaction of the requirements set forth in Section 3(a) and Section 3(c) and satisfaction of the Transaction Conditions Precedent (except that Seller shall have executed and delivered a restated Confirmation on the applicable Purchase Date to update the principal amounts, initial purchase price, term and closing date thereof and include an applicable Exception Report), Buyer hereby commits to purchase each Mortgage Loan identified in Schedule 1 to the Fee Letter as a “Delayed Purchased Asset” (each, a “Delayed Purchased Asset”) at the Maximum Purchase Price Percentage and the other the terms set forth herein.  In the event that Seller shall fail to consummate the transfer of a Delayed Purchased Asset to Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, in accordance with this Agreement by the date specified in Schedule 1 to the Fee Letter, the foregoing commitment of Buyer shall terminate and be of no further force and effect.
 
(g)          The Confirmation, together with this Agreement, shall be conclusive evidence of the terms of the Transactions covered thereby.
 
(h)        At any time prior to the Repurchase Date, but no more than once per calendar month, (i) if the Facility Amount shall exceed the Aggregate Repurchase Price, Seller may submit to Administrative Agent a request that Buyer transfer cash to Seller in respect of the existing Purchased Assets (an “Additional Advance”) which Additional Advance shall (effective as of the date of funding to Seller) increase the outstanding Purchase Price for each Purchased Asset pro rata or as otherwise agreed between Seller and Administrative Agent, (ii) if following delivery by Seller to Administrative Agent of the updated Appraisals required pursuant to Section 12(f)(vii), Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, shall determine that the Portfolio LTV of the Purchased Assets based on such updated Appraisals is less than the Maximum Portfolio Exposure Threshold, Seller shall have the one-time right to submit to Administrative Agent a request that Buyer transfer cash to Seller in respect of the existing Purchased Assets (a “True-Up Advance”) in an amount such that after giving effect to such advance the Portfolio LTV does not exceed the Maximum Portfolio Exposure Threshold, which True Up Advance shall (effective as of the date of funding to Seller) increase the outstanding Purchase Price for each Purchased Asset pro rata or as otherwise agreed between Seller and Administrative Agent and (iii) in the event a future advance is to be or has been made by Seller pursuant to the Purchased Asset Documents with respect to a Future Advance Asset, Seller may submit to Administrative Agent a request that Buyer transfer cash to Seller in an amount not to exceed the Maximum Purchase Price Percentage, multiplied by the amount of such future advance (a “Future Advance Purchase”) which Future Advance Purchase shall (effective as of the date of funding to Seller) increase the outstanding Purchase Price for such Future Advance Asset.  Buyer shall transfer cash to Seller as provided in this Section 3(h) (and in accordance with the wire instructions provided by Seller in such request) on the date requested by Seller, which date shall be no earlier than two (2) Business Days following the Business Day on which Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, determines that the conditions precedent to such Additional Advance, True Up Advance and/or Future Advance Purchase as set forth in this Section 3(h) have been satisfied (or, in Administrative Agent’s sole and absolute discretion, waived).  Any Additional Advance, True Up Advance or Future Advance Purchase to be made by Buyer in accordance with this Section 3(h) shall be subject to satisfaction of the following conditions:
 
(i)            With respect to any Additional Advance, True Up Advance or Future Advance Purchase, no Event of Default has occurred and is continuing;
 
(ii)          With respect to any Future Advance Purchase, Seller shall have demonstrated to Administrative Agent’s reasonable satisfaction that all conditions to the future advance under the Purchased Asset Documents have been satisfied in all material respects (and not waived in any material respect);
 
(iii)        With respect to any Additional Advance, True Up Advance or Future Advance Purchase, the funding of the Additional Advance, True Up Advance or Future Advance Purchase will not cause the aggregate outstanding Purchase Price for all Purchased Assets to exceed the Facility Amount;
 
(iv)         With respect to any Additional Advance, after giving effect thereto, the aggregate outstanding Purchase Price for all Purchased Assets shall not exceed the product of (A) the Maximum Purchase Price Percentage multiplied by (B) the aggregate outstanding principal balance of the Purchased Assets;
 
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(v)          With respect to any Additional Advance, True Up Advance or Future Advance Purchase, such Advance or Future Advance Purchase, together with all Additional Advances and/or Future Advance Purchases to be made on the applicable advance date, shall be in an amount equal to or greater than the sum of $5,000,000 in the aggregate (before giving effect to the amount of any required Mandatory Prepayment made on such applicable advance date (which amount may be netted against the amount of any such Additional Advance, True Up Advance or Future Advance Purchase));
 
(vi)         With respect to any Future Advance Purchase, Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, shall have received evidence reasonably satisfactory to Administrative Agent that previously or simultaneously with Buyer’s funding of the Future Advance Purchase, Seller shall have funded or caused to be funded to the Mortgagor or Mezzanine Borrower, as applicable (or to an escrow agent or as otherwise directed by the Mortgagor or Mezzanine Borrower, as applicable) its pro rata portion of such Future Advance Purchase in respect of such Future Advance Asset; and
 
(vii)        With respect to any Additional Advance, True Up Advance or Future Advance Purchase, Seller and Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, shall have approved any ministerial modification to the Confirmation with respect to the applicable Additional Advance or Future Advance Asset to reflect the amount of the Additional Advance, True Up Advance or Future Advance Purchase, as applicable.
 
(i)          Seller shall be entitled to voluntarily terminate a Transaction on demand, and repurchase the related Purchased Asset on any Business Day prior to the applicable Repurchase Date (an “Early Repurchase Date”) (A) at any time following expiration of the Lockout Period, (B) at any time prior to expiration of the Lockout Period (I) during the continuance of a Sequential Pay Trigger Event or (II) during the continuance of a Permitted Release Period, (C) at any time in connection with a pay-off of a Purchased Asset by the related Underlying Borrower (whether voluntary or mandatory), (D) at any time to cure a Default or Event of Default or (E) in connection with a Mandatory Prepayment pursuant to Sections 4(a)(iii) and (iv); provided that:
 
(i)            Except in connection with any such termination (x) pursuant to 3(i)(C), 3(i)(D) or 3(i)(E) or (y) in connection with the termination of all Transactions hereunder and repayment of the Aggregate Repurchase Price and the other Repurchase Obligations in full, no Default or Event of Default shall be continuing or would occur or result from such early repurchase;
 
(ii)           Seller notifies Administrative Agent in writing, no later than five (5) Business Days prior to the Early Repurchase Date, of its intent to terminate such Transaction and repurchase the related Purchased Asset;
 
(iii)         Seller shall have paid to Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, the applicable Release Repurchase Price, all Transaction Costs and any other amounts payable by Seller and outstanding under this Agreement with respect to such Transaction (including without limitation, Section 3(o), Section 3(p) and Section 3(q) of this Agreement, if any); provided that, for the avoidance of doubt, in connection with termination of all Transactions and repurchase of all Purchased Assets, in no event shall Seller be obligated to pay an amount under this clause (iii) greater than the Aggregate Repurchase Price for all Purchased Assets and all other Repurchase Obligations then outstanding;
 
(iv)        if such repurchase occurs prior to expiration of the Lockout Period, Seller shall have paid to Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, the applicable Spread Maintenance Premium; provided that no Spread Maintenance Premium shall be payable in connection with any repurchase pursuant to Section 3(i)(B)(I)(solely to the extent such repurchase is made in connection with the termination of all Transactions hereunder and repayment of the Aggregate Repurchase Price and the other Repurchase Obligations in full), 3(i)(C), 3(i)(D) or 3(i)(E); and
 
(v)           any such repurchase in connection with a sale by Seller of a Purchased Asset to an affiliate of Seller shall be on an arm’s length basis.
 
On the Repurchase Date for any Transaction, termination of the applicable Transaction will be effected by transfer to Seller or, if requested by Seller, its designee of the related Purchased Assets on a servicing-released basis, and any Income in respect thereof received by Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, (and not previously credited or transferred to, or applied to the obligations of, Seller pursuant to Section 4 or Section 5 hereof) against the simultaneous transfer to Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, of the amounts required pursuant to this Section 3(i), and Administrative Agent shall be deemed to have simultaneously and automatically released its security interest in such Purchased Asset, shall make the deliveries required pursuant to Section 6(e).
 
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(j)          Prior to expiration of the Lockout Period, if a Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and the same would be cured as a result of a partial repayment, Seller may repay the Repurchase Price with respect to one or more Purchased Assets in part (but only to the extent necessary to effect such cure) at any time upon two (2) Business Days prior written notice from Seller to Administrative Agent; provided, however, that any such payment shall be adjusted, if applicable, by the Prepayment Percentage and accompanied by an amount representing accrued Price Differential with respect to such Purchased Asset(s) on the amount of such payment and all other amounts then due under the Transaction Documents.  Any prepayment of the Repurchase Price pursuant to this Section 3(j) shall reduce the Purchase Price of the related Purchased Asset.
 
(k)          So long as no Event of Default has occurred and is then continuing (unless the same would be cured as a result of such repayment), after expiration of the Lockout Period, the Repurchase Price with respect to one or more Purchased Assets may be paid in part at any time upon two (2) Business Days prior written notice from Seller to Administrative Agent; provided, however, that any such payment shall be adjusted, if applicable, by the Prepayment Percentage and accompanied by an amount representing accrued Price Differential with respect to such Purchased Asset(s) on the amount of such payment and all other amounts then due under the Transaction Documents.  Each partial payment of the Repurchase Price pursuant to this clause 3(k) shall be in an amount of not less than $1,000,000.  Any prepayment of the Repurchase Price pursuant to this Section 3(k) shall reduce the Purchase Price of the related Purchased Asset.
 
(l)          If (i) Administrative Agent shall have reasonably determined (which determination shall be conclusive and binding upon Seller absent manifest error) that, by reason of circumstances affecting the relevant market, adequate and reasonable means do not exist for ascertaining the LIBOR Rate, (ii) the LIBOR Rate determined or to be determined will not adequately and fairly reflect the cost to Buyer (as reasonably determined by Administrative Agent) of making or maintaining Transactions, or (iii) LIBOR has been succeeded by an Alternate Index, then the Pricing Rate shall be converted from the LIBOR Rate plus the Applicable Spread to the Alternate Rate plus Alternate Rate Spread; provided, that in no event shall the sum of the Alternate Rate plus the Alternate Rate Spread be less than the Applicable Spread.  Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, shall give email or telephonic notice thereof to Seller as soon as practicable thereafter.
 
(m)        Notwithstanding any other provision herein, if, after the date of this Agreement, the adoption of or any change in any Requirement of Law or in the interpretation or application thereof shall make it unlawful for Buyer to effect LIBOR Transactions as contemplated by the Transaction Documents, (i) the commitment of Buyer hereunder to enter into new LIBOR Transactions and to continue LIBOR Transactions as such shall forthwith be canceled, and (ii) the LIBOR Transactions then outstanding shall be converted automatically to Alternate Rate Transactions.
 
(n)          If Administrative Agent shall have determined that the introduction of, or a change in, any Requirement of Law or in the interpretation or administration of any Requirement of Law (including, without limitation changes in any Reserve Requirements and any other increase in cost to Buyer) has made it unlawful, or any Governmental Authority shall have asserted that it is unlawful, for Buyer to enter into any Transaction or any Governmental Authority has imposed material restrictions on the authority of Buyer to enter into any Transaction, then on notice thereof by Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, to Seller, any obligations of Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, to enter into Transactions shall be suspended until Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, notifies Seller that the circumstances giving rise to such determination no longer exist.
 
(o)          Upon demand by Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, Seller shall indemnify Buyer and hold Buyer harmless from any loss, cost or expense (not to include any lost profit or opportunity) (including, without limitation, attorneys’ fees and disbursements) that Buyer actually sustains or incurs as a consequence of (i) a default by Seller in terminating any Transaction after Seller has given a notice in accordance with Section 3(i) of a termination of a Transaction, (ii) any payment of all or any portion of the Repurchase Price, as the case may be, on any day other than a Remittance Date, (iii) [reserved], (iv) Administrative Agent’s enforcement of the terms of any of the Transaction Documents or (v) any actions taken to perfect or continue any lien created under any Transaction Document.  A certificate as to such losses, costs and expenses, setting forth the calculations therefor shall be submitted promptly by Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, to Seller in writing and shall be prima facie evidence of the information set forth therein, absent manifest error.  This Section 3(o) shall survive the termination of this Agreement and the repurchase by Seller of any or all of the Purchased Assets.
 
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(p)          If Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, shall have determined that the adoption of or any change in any Requirement of Law regarding capital adequacy, including the Reserve Requirements or any other reserve, special deposit or similar requirements relating to extensions of credit or other assets of Buyer or in the interpretation or application thereof or compliance by Buyer or any corporation controlling Buyer with any request or directive regarding such requirements (whether or not having the force of law) from any Governmental Authority made subsequent to the date hereof has the effect of reducing the rate of return on Buyer’s or such corporation’s capital as a consequence of its obligations hereunder to a level below that which Buyer or such corporation could have achieved but for such adoption, change or compliance (taking into consideration Buyer’s or such corporation’s policies with respect to such requirements) by an amount deemed by Buyer to be material, then from time to time, within five (5) Business Days after submission by Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, to Seller of a written request therefor, Seller shall pay to Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, such additional amount or amounts as will compensate Buyer for such reduction.  A certificate as to the calculation of any additional amounts payable pursuant to this Section 3(p) shall be submitted by Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, to Seller and shall be conclusive and binding upon Seller in the absence of manifest error.  With respect to each reduction in the rate of return as described above, this Section 3(p) shall survive for a period of six (6) months from the date of the incurrence of such reduction by Buyer.  This Section 3(p) shall survive the termination of this Agreement and the repurchase by Seller of any or all of the Purchased Assets.  This Section 3(p) shall not apply with respect to Taxes.
 
(q)         Any and all payments by or on account of any obligation of Seller under this Agreement shall be made without deduction or withholding for any Taxes, except as required by applicable law.  If any applicable law requires the deduction or withholding of any Tax from any such payment, then Seller shall make (or cause to be made) such deduction or withholding and shall timely pay (or cause to be timely paid) the full amount deducted or withheld to the relevant Governmental Authority in accordance with applicable law and, if such Tax is an Indemnified Tax, then the sum payable shall be increased by Seller as necessary so that after such deduction or withholding has been made, Buyer receives an amount equal to the sum it would have received had no such deduction or withholding been made.  Seller shall timely pay any Other Taxes to the relevant Governmental Authority in accordance with Requirements of Law.  As soon as practicable after any payment of Taxes by Seller to a Governmental Authority pursuant to this Section 3(q), Seller shall deliver to Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, the original or a certified copy of a receipt issued by such Governmental Authority evidencing such payment, a copy of the return reporting such payment or other evidence of such payment reasonably satisfactory to Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer.  Seller shall indemnify Buyer, within ten (10) days after demand therefor, for the full amount of any Indemnified Taxes payable or paid by Buyer or required to be withheld or deducted from a payment to such Person and any reasonable expenses arising therefrom or with respect thereto, whether or not such Indemnified Taxes were correctly or legally imposed or asserted by the relevant Governmental Authority.  A certificate as to the amount of such payment or liability delivered to Seller by Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, or such transferee shall be conclusive absent manifest error.
 
(r)         If Buyer is entitled to an exemption from or reduction of withholding Tax with respect to payments made under the Transaction Documents, Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, shall deliver to Seller, prior to becoming a party to this Agreement, and at the time or times reasonably requested by Seller, such properly completed and executed documentation reasonably requested by Seller as will permit such payments to be made without withholding or at a reduced rate of withholding.  In addition, Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, shall deliver such other documentation prescribed by applicable law or reasonably requested by Seller as will enable Seller to determine whether or not Buyer is subject to backup withholding or information reporting requirements.  Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in the preceding two sentences, the completion, execution and submission of such documentation (other than such documentation set forth in Section 3(r)(i), Section 3(r)(ii) and Section 3(r)(iv) below) shall not be required if in Buyer’s reasonable judgment such completion, execution or submission would be illegal, would subject Buyer to any material unreimbursed cost or expense or would otherwise materially prejudice the legal or commercial position of Buyer.  Without limiting the generality of the foregoing:
 
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(i)           if Buyer is a United States person, it shall deliver to Seller on or prior to the date on which Buyer becomes a party to this Agreement (and from time to time thereafter upon the reasonable request of Seller), executed originals of IRS Form W‑9 certifying that Buyer is exempt from U.S. federal backup withholding tax;
 
(ii)          if Buyer is not a United States person, it shall, to the extent it is legally entitled to do so, deliver to Seller (in such number of copies as shall be requested by Seller) on or prior to the date on which Buyer becomes a party under this Agreement (and from time to time thereafter upon the reasonable request of Seller), whichever of the following is applicable:
 
(A)          in the case of Buyer claiming the benefits of an income tax treaty to which the United States is a party, (1) with respect to payments characterized as interest for U.S. tax purposes under any Transaction Document, executed originals of IRS Form W‑8BEN‑E establishing an exemption from, or reduction of, U.S. federal withholding Tax pursuant to the “interest” article of such tax treaty and (2) with respect to any other applicable payments under any Transaction Document, IRS Form W‑8BEN‑E establishing an exemption from, or reduction of, U.S. federal withholding Tax pursuant to the “business profits” or “other income” article of such tax treaty;
 
(B)           executed originals of IRS Form W‑8ECI;
 
(C)           in the case of Buyer claiming the benefits of the exemption for portfolio interest under Section 881(c) of the Code, (1) a certificate to the effect that Buyer is not a “bank” within the meaning of Section 881(c)(3)(A) of the Code, a “10 percent shareholder” of Seller within the meaning of Section 881(c)(3)(B) of the Code, or a “controlled foreign corporation” described in Section 881(c)(3)(C) of the Code (a “U.S. Tax Compliance Certificate”) and (2) executed originals of IRS Form W‑8BEN‑E; or
 
(D)          to the extent Buyer is not the beneficial owner, executed originals of IRS Form W‑8IMY, accompanied by IRS Form W‑8ECI, IRS Form W‑8BEN‑E, a U.S. Tax Compliance Certificate, IRS Form W‑9, and/or other certification documents from each beneficial owner, as applicable; provided that if Buyer is a partnership and one or more direct or indirect partners of Buyer are claiming the portfolio interest exemption, Buyer may provide a U.S. Tax Compliance Certificate on behalf of each such direct and indirect partner;
 
(iii)         if Buyer is not a United States person, it shall, to the extent it is legally entitled to do so, deliver to Seller (in such number of copies as shall be requested by Seller) on or prior to the date on which Buyer becomes a party to this Agreement (and from time to time thereafter upon the reasonable request of Seller), executed originals of any other form prescribed by applicable law as a basis for claiming exemption from or a reduction in U.S. federal withholding Tax, duly completed, together with such supplementary documentation as may be prescribed by applicable law to permit Seller to determine the withholding or deduction required to be made; and
 
(iv)          if a payment made to Buyer under any Transaction Document would be subject to U.S. federal withholding Tax imposed by FATCA if Buyer were to fail to comply with the applicable reporting requirements of FATCA (including those contained in Section 1471(b) or 1472(b) of the Code, as applicable), Buyer shall deliver to Seller at the time or times prescribed by law and at such time or times reasonably requested by Seller such documentation prescribed by applicable law (including as prescribed by Section 1471(b)(3)(C)(i) of the Code) and such additional documentation reasonably requested by Seller as may be necessary for Seller to comply with its obligations under FATCA and to determine whether Buyer has complied with Buyer’s obligations under FATCA or to determine the amount to deduct and withhold from such payment.  Solely for purposes of this Section 3(r)(iv), “FATCA” shall include any amendments made to FATCA after the date of this Agreement;
 
provided that Buyer agrees that if any form or certification it previously delivered pursuant to this Section 3(r) expires or becomes obsolete or inaccurate in any respect, it shall update such form or certification or promptly notify Seller in writing of its legal inability to do so.
 
(s)         If any party determines, in its sole discretion exercised in good faith, that it has received a refund of any Taxes as to which it has been indemnified pursuant to this Article 3 (including by the payment of additional amounts pursuant to Section 3(q)), it shall pay to the indemnifying party an amount equal to such refund (but only to the extent of indemnity payments made under this Article 3 with respect to the Taxes giving rise to such refund), net of all out-of-pocket expenses (including Taxes) of such indemnified party and without interest (other than any interest paid by the relevant Governmental Authority with respect to such refund). Such indemnifying party, upon the request of such indemnified party, shall repay to such indemnified party the amount paid over pursuant to this Section 3(s) (plus any penalties, interest or other charges imposed by the relevant Governmental Authority) in the event that such indemnified party is required to repay such refund to such Governmental Authority. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Article 3(s), in no event will the indemnified party be required to pay any amount to an indemnifying party pursuant to this Section 3(s) the payment of which would place the indemnified party in a less favorable net after-Tax position than the indemnified party would have been in if the indemnification payments or additional amounts giving rise to such refund had never been paid. This paragraph shall not be construed to require any indemnified party to make available its Tax returns (or any other information relating to its Taxes that it deems confidential) to the indemnifying party or any other Person.
 
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(t)          If any of the events described in Section 3(o), Section 3(p) or Section 3(q) result in Buyer’s request for additional amounts, then, notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, Seller may elect, upon five (5) Business Days prior written notice to Administrative Agent, to terminate all of the Transactions and this Agreement and repurchase all of the Purchased Assets, subject to payment of the Aggregate Repurchase Price and all other Repurchase Obligations in full.  The election by Seller to terminate the Transactions in accordance with the foregoing provisions of this Section 3(t) shall not relieve Seller of liability with respect to any additional amounts or increased costs actually incurred by Buyer prior to the actual repurchase of the Purchased Assets.  In addition, if LIBOR has been converted to an Alternate Index by Administrative Agent in accordance with this Agreement and Seller shall not have consented to such Alternate Index and/or the applicable Alternate Rate Spread determined by Administrative Agent, Seller may elect at any time during the 90-day period following such conversion, upon five (5) Business Days prior written notice to Administrative Agent, to terminate all of the Transactions and this Agreement and repurchase all of the Purchased Assets, subject to payment of the Aggregate Repurchase Price and all other Repurchase Obligations in full.  Buyer agrees that, notwithstanding any contrary provisions of this Agreement (including Section 3(i)) no Spread Maintenance Premium shall be payable by Seller in connection with the repurchase of the Purchased Assets in accordance with this Section 3(t).
 
(u)         On the Facility Termination Date, Seller shall be obligated to repurchase all of the Purchased Assets and transfer payment of the Repurchase Price for each such Purchased Asset, together with the accrued and unpaid Price Differential and all Transaction Costs and other amounts due and payable to Buyer hereunder and under the other Transaction Documents, against the transfer by Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, to Seller of each such Purchased Asset.  Following the Facility Termination Date, Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, shall not be obligated to transfer any Purchased Assets to Seller until payment in full to Buyer of all amounts due hereunder and under the other Transaction Documents.
 
(v)         Notwithstanding any provision herein to the contrary, (i) the Dodd‑Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act and all rules, regulations, guidelines or directives promulgated in connection therewith or in implementation thereof, and (ii) all requests, rules, guidelines, requirements and directives promulgated by the Bank for International Settlements, the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (or any successor or similar authority) or by United States or foreign regulatory authorities, shall in each case be deemed to be an adoption of or change in a Requirement of Law made subsequent to the date of this Agreement.
 
4.
MANDATORY PREPAYMENT
 
(a)          Not later than ten (10) Business Days following written demand by Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, in connection with the occurrence of any of the events described below or in Section 6 of the Fee Letter (each, a “Mandatory Prepayment Event”), Seller shall repay, as applicable, the Aggregate Repurchase Price or the Repurchase Price of the applicable Purchased Assets in the applicable amount required by the provisions below (each, a “Mandatory Prepayment”), which amount shall be adjusted, if applicable, by the Prepayment Percentage.  Any repayment required pursuant to Section 4(a)(i) or 4(a)(v) shall be applied to the outstanding Purchase Price for each Purchased Asset pro rata, and any repayment required pursuant to Section 6 of the Fee Letter or Sections 4(a)(ii) through 4(a)(iv) shall be applied to reduce the Purchase Price of the applicable Purchased Asset.
 
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(i)          In the event Seller shall have delivered notice to Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, of the exercise of the second Extension Option hereunder, Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, shall redetermine the Portfolio LTV of the Purchased Assets based on updated Appraisals obtained by Seller, at Seller’s expense (except that Administrative Agent agrees to accept Appraisals obtained by Seller dated no earlier than six (6) months prior to the then-current Facility Termination Date), which updated Appraisals shall be delivered to Administrative Agent no later than 30 days prior to then-applicable Facility Termination Date.  If Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, determines that the Portfolio LTV exceeds the Maximum Portfolio Exposure Threshold based on such updated Appraisals, Seller shall be required to repay the Aggregate Repurchase Price in an amount sufficient to cause the Portfolio LTV to equal the Maximum Portfolio Exposure Threshold.
 
(ii)         In the event any Mortgagor shall have repaid the principal balance of any Purchased Asset to satisfy any debt yield, debt service coverage ratio and/or loan-to-value requirement contained in the related Purchased Asset Documents, Seller shall make a repayment of the Repurchase Price of such Purchased Asset such that after giving effect to such repayment, the outstanding Purchase Price of such Purchased Asset is no greater than the product of (i) the outstanding principal balance of the Purchased Asset (after giving effect to the principal payment made by Mortgagor) multiplied by (ii) the Maximum Purchase Price Percentage.
 
(iii)         If any Purchased Asset shall become a Defaulted Asset, then Seller shall, upon Administrative Agent’s approval of an Independent Appraiser for such purpose, promptly order an updated Appraisal and if the Asset Exposure Ratio of such Purchased Asset exceeds the Maximum Asset Exposure Ratio, Seller shall repay the Repurchase Price of such Purchased Asset such that after giving effect to such payment, the Asset Exposure Ratio is equal to Maximum Asset Exposure Ratio.
 
(iv)          If the Maximum Purchase Price Percentage of any Defaulted Asset shall be reduced in accordance with the Fee Letter, Seller shall repay the Repurchase Price of such Defaulted Asset such that after giving effect to such repayment, the Purchase Price of such Purchased Asset is no greater than the product of (i) the outstanding principal balance of the Purchased Asset multiplied by (ii) the applicable Maximum Purchase Price Percentage (as reduced in accordance with the Fee Letter).  In the event the Maximum Purchase Price Percentage of any Defaulted Asset is reduced to 0% in accordance with the Fee Letter, Seller shall be entitled to repurchase such Purchased Asset in accordance with Section 3(i).
 
(v)          Following receipt of the updated Appraisals required to be delivered by Seller in accordance with Section 12(f)(vii), Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, shall redetermine the Portfolio LTV of the Purchased Assets based on such updated Appraisals (and, if Seller shall have  delivered an updated Appraisal with respect to Purchased Asset #4 on Schedule 1 to the Fee Letter, Administrative Agent shall include such Appraisal in its redetermination).  If Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, determines that the Portfolio LTV exceeds the Maximum Portfolio Exposure Threshold based on such updated Appraisals, Seller shall be required to repay the Aggregate Repurchase Price in an amount sufficient to cause the Portfolio LTV to equal the Maximum Portfolio Exposure Threshold.
 
(b)          In the event that Seller is required to make a Mandatory Prepayment pursuant to this Section 4 and has contemporaneously requested an Additional Advance or True Up Advance or Future Advance Purchase with respect to any Purchased Asset, at Seller’s request, Buyer agrees to cooperate with Seller to net the applicable payments.
 
5.
INCOME PAYMENTS AND PRINCIPAL PAYMENTS
 
(a)          On or before the date hereof, Seller and Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, shall establish and maintain with the Depository Bank a deposit account in the name of Seller and under the sole control of Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, with respect to which the Blocked Account Agreement shall have been executed (such account, together with any replacement or successor thereof, the “Blocked Account”).  Seller shall cause all Income with respect to the Purchased Assets to be deposited in the Blocked Account.  In furtherance of the foregoing, Seller shall cause Servicer to remit to the Blocked Account all Income received in respect of the Purchased Assets within the time periods specified in the Servicing Agreement.  All Income in respect of the Purchased Assets, which may include payments in respect of associated Hedging Transactions, shall be deposited directly into, or, if applicable, remitted directly from the applicable underlying collection account to, the Blocked Account.
 
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(b)        Unless an Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing, on each Remittance Date, all Income (other than Principal Payments) in respect of the Purchased Assets and the associated Hedging Transactions received by Depository Bank during the Collection Period and on deposit in the Blocked Account shall be applied as follows:
 
(i)            first, to remit to Servicer an amount equal to any unpaid Qualified Servicing Expenses (to the extent not retained by such Servicer), if any, due and payable on such Remittance Date;
 
(ii)          second, to Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, an amount equal to the Price Differential which has accrued and is outstanding in respect of the Transactions as of such Remittance Date;
 
(iii)        third, (A) to Administrative Agent, any accrued and unpaid fees due and payable by Seller in accordance with the Transaction Documents and (B) to Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, all Transaction Costs and all other amounts payable by Seller and outstanding hereunder and under the other Transaction Documents (other than the Repurchase Price);
 
(iv)          fourth, to Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, the amount of any then unpaid Mandatory Prepayment (as adjusted, if applicable, by the Prepayment Percentage), to the extent of remaining funds available in the Blocked Account; and
 
(v)           fifth, to Seller, the remainder, if any for its own account.
 
If, on any Remittance Date, the amounts deposited in the Blocked Account shall be insufficient to make the payments required under (ii) and (iii)(A) above of this Section 5(b), and Seller does not otherwise make such payments on such Remittance Date, the same shall constitute an Event of Default hereunder.
 
(c)          Unless an Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing, any Principal Payment (including net sales proceeds (i.e., after payment of the applicable Release Repurchase Price), prepayments and principal payments at maturity) in respect of any Purchased Asset received by Servicer and remitted by the Servicer to the Blocked Account pursuant to the Servicing Agreement shall be applied as soon as practicable thereafter (but in no event later than two (2) Business Days after deposit in the Blocked Account) as follows:
 
(i)           first, to Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, an amount equal to the product of the amount of such Principal Payment multiplied by the applicable Purchase Price Percentage (adjusted, if applicable, by the Prepayment Percentage), which amount shall be applied by Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, to reduce the Purchase Price of the applicable Purchased Asset(s);
 
(ii)          second, (A) to Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, an amount equal to the Price Differential which has accrued and is outstanding in respect of the amount of the Purchase Price reduced in accordance with clause (i) above and (B) to Administrative Agent, any accrued and unpaid fees due and payable by Seller in accordance with the Transaction Documents in respect of the amount of the Purchase Price reduced in accordance with clause (i) above;
 
(iii)         third, to Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, the amount of any then unpaid Mandatory Prepayment (adjusted, if applicable, by the Prepayment Percentage), to the extent of remaining Principal Payments available in the Blocked Account;
 
(iv)          fourth, if a Sequential Pay Trigger Event is continuing, to Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, all remaining Principal Payments until the Aggregate Repurchase Price and all other Repurchase Obligations have been reduced to zero (with any such reductions to be applied to reduce the Purchase Prices of the Purchased Assets, pro rata); and
 
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(v)           fifth, to Seller, the remainder, if any for its own account.
 
(d)          If an Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing, all Income on deposit in the Blocked Account in respect of the Purchased Assets and the associated Hedging Transactions shall be applied as determined in Administrative Agent’s sole discretion pursuant to Section 14(b)(ii).
 
(e)         If at any time during the term of any Transaction any Income is distributed to Seller with respect to the related Purchased Asset or Seller has otherwise received such Income and has made a payment in respect of such Income to Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, pursuant to this Section 5, and for any reason such amount is required to be returned by Administrative Agent or Buyer to an obligor under such Purchased Asset (either before or after the Repurchase Date), Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, may provide Seller with notice of such required return, and Seller shall pay the amount of such required return to Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, by 11:00 a.m. (New York time) on the Business Day following Seller’s receipt of such notice.
 
6.
SECURITY INTEREST
 
(a)         Administrative Agent, Buyer and Seller intend that all Transactions hereunder be sales to Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, of the Purchased Assets (other than any Mezzanine Loan) for all purposes (other than for U.S. federal, state and local income or franchise tax purposes) and not loans from Buyer to Seller secured by the Purchased Assets.  However, in the event that any Transaction is deemed to be a loan, Seller hereby pledges to Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, as security for the performance by Seller of the Repurchase Obligations and hereby grants to Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, a first priority security interest in all of Seller’s right, title and interest in and to the following (collectively, the “Repurchase Assets”):
 
(i)           all of the Purchased Assets (including, for the avoidance of doubt, all security interests, mortgages and liens on personal or real property securing the Purchased Assets) and related Servicing Rights;
 
(ii)           all Income from the Purchased Assets;
 
(iii)          all insurance policies and insurance proceeds relating to any Purchased Asset or the related Mortgaged Property;
 
(iv)          all “general intangibles”, “accounts” and “chattel paper” as defined in the UCC relating to or constituting any and all of the foregoing;
 
(v)           all replacements, substitutions or distributions on or proceeds, payments and profits of, and records and files relating to, any and all of the foregoing; and
 
(vi)          any other property, rights, titles or interests as are specified in the Confirmation and/or the Trust Receipt, the Purchased Asset Schedule or exception report with respect to the foregoing in all instances, whether now owned or hereafter acquired, now existing or hereafter created.
 
(b)          With respect to the security interest in the Repurchase Assets granted in Section 6(a) hereof, and with respect to the security interests granted in Sections 6(c) and 6(d), Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, shall have all of the rights and, during the continuance of an Event of Default, may exercise all of the remedies of a secured creditor under the UCC and any other applicable law and shall have the right to apply the Repurchase Assets or proceeds therefrom to the obligations of Seller under the Transaction Documents.  In furtherance of the foregoing, (i) Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, at Seller’s sole cost and expense, shall cause to be filed as a protective filing with respect to the Repurchase Assets and as a UCC filing with respect to the security interests granted in Sections 6(c) and 6(d) one or more UCC financing statements in form satisfactory to Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, (to be filed in the filing office indicated therein) which financing statements may describe as the collateral covered thereby “all assets of the debtor, whether now owned or hereafter acquired” or words to that effect, in such locations as may be necessary to perfect and maintain perfection and priority of the outright transfer (including under Section 22 of this Agreement) and the security interest granted hereby and, in each case, continuation statements and any amendments thereto (including, without limitation, by causing to be filed any amendments necessary to add or delete Repurchase Assets covered by the financing statement to reflect the purchase and repurchase of Purchased Assets) (collectively, the “Filings”), and shall forward copies of such Filings to Seller upon completion thereof, and (ii) Seller shall, from time to time, at its own expense, deliver and cause to be duly filed all such further filings, instruments and documents and take all such further actions as may be necessary or desirable or as may be requested by Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, with respect to the perfection and priority of the outright transfer of the Purchased Assets and the security interest granted hereunder in the Repurchase Assets and the rights and remedies of Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, with respect to the Repurchase Assets (including under Section 22 of this Agreement) (including the payments of any fees and Taxes required in connection with the execution and delivery of this Agreement).
 
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(c)          Seller hereby pledges to Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, as security for the performance by Seller of the Repurchase Obligations and hereby grants to Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, a first priority security interest in all of Seller’s right, title and interest in and to Seller’s rights under all Mezzanine Loans and Hedging Transactions relating to Purchased Assets and all proceeds thereof.  Seller shall take all action as is necessary or desirable to obtain consent to assignment of any such Hedging Transaction to Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, and shall cause the counterparty under each such Hedging Transaction to enter into such document or instrument satisfactory to Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, Seller and such counterparty, pursuant to which such counterparty will covenant and agree to accept notice from Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, to redirect payments under such Hedging Transaction as Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, may direct.  So long as no Event of Default shall be continuing, Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, agrees that it will not redirect payments under any Hedging Transaction pledged to Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, pursuant to the terms of this Section 6(c).
 
(d)          Seller hereby pledges to Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, as security for the performance by Seller of the Repurchase Obligations and hereby grants to Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, a first priority security interest in all of Seller’s right, title and interest in and to the Blocked Account and all amounts and property from time to time on deposit therein and all replacements, substitutions or distributions on or proceeds, payments and profits of, and records and files relating to, the Blocked Account.
 
(e)         In connection with the repurchase by Seller of any Purchased Asset in accordance herewith, upon receipt of the Repurchase Price by Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, Administrative Agent will deliver to Seller, at Seller’s expense, such documents, instruments and releases as may be reasonably necessary and requested by Seller to reconvey such Purchased Asset on a servicing-released basis and any Income related thereto to Seller, in each case free and clear of all Liens and adverse claims.
 
(f)          Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement or any other Transaction Documents to the contrary, Seller and Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, hereby acknowledge and agree that any Transaction hereunder that includes a related Mezzanine Loan shall not be deemed a sale of such Mezzanine Loan by Seller to Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, it being agreed that each Mezzanine Loan related to a Transaction hereunder has been pledged by Seller to Administrative Agent pursuant to the provisions of Section 6(c) to secure the obligations of the Seller with respect to the Transactions, subject to the right of Seller to obtain a release of such pledge and Liens on such Mezzanine Loan in connection with the repurchase of the related Purchased Asset in accordance with the terms of this Agreement.
 
7.
PAYMENT, TRANSFER AND CUSTODY
 
(a)         Subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement, on the Purchase Date for each Transaction, ownership of the Purchased Assets and all rights thereunder shall be transferred to Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, or its designee (including Custodian) against the simultaneous transfer of the Purchase Price to an account of Seller specified in the Confirmation relating to such Transaction.  Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, will provide Seller with a Power of Attorney to Seller, allowing Seller to administer, operate and service such Purchased Assets.  Provided that no Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing, such Power of Attorney to Seller shall be binding upon Administrative Agent, Buyer and their respective successors and assigns.
 
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(b)         Seller shall (A) not later than 1:00 p.m. (New York time) two (2) Business Days prior to the Purchase Date, deliver to Custodian (with a copy to Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer), together with the Purchased Asset File Checklist, the Purchased Asset Documents identified in the Purchased Asset File Checklist delivered therewith, and (B) on the Purchase Date, cause Custodian to deliver a Trust Receipt confirming receipt of such Purchased Asset Documents; provided that with respect to the NEMA Chicago Purchased Asset, Seller shall, (X) not later than 1:00 p.m. (New York time) on the Purchase Date, deliver or cause Bailee to deliver to Buyer, by electronic transmission, a true and complete copy of the related (1) Mortgage Note, Mezzanine Note or Participation Certificate with assignment in blank (as applicable), (2) loan agreement, (3) Mortgage or Mezzanine Pledge Agreement and LLC Certificate (as applicable), (4) Title Policy, (5) Insured Closing Letter and Escrow Instructions, if any, and (6) the executed Bailee Agreement and Bailee’s Trust Receipt; (Y) not later than 1:00 p.m. (New York time) on the third (3rd) Business Day following the Purchase Date, deliver or cause Bailee to deliver and release to Custodian (with a copy to Buyer), together with a Purchased Asset File Checklist, the related Purchased Asset Documents, and (Z) not later than two (2) Business Days following receipt of such Purchased Asset Documents by Custodian, cause Custodian to deliver a Trust Receipt confirming such receipt;
 
provided that if Seller cannot deliver, or cause to be delivered, any of the original Purchased Asset Documents required to be delivered as originals (excluding the Mortgage Note, Mezzanine Note, the Assignment of Mortgage, the LLC Certificate and the Participation Certificate, originals of which must be delivered at the time required under the provisions above), Seller shall deliver a photocopy thereof and an Officer’s Certificate of Seller certifying that such copy represents a true and correct copy of the original and shall use its best efforts to obtain and deliver such original document within one hundred eighty (180) days after the related Purchase Date (or such longer period after the related Purchase Date to which Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, may consent in its sole discretion, so long as Seller is, as certified in writing to Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, not less frequently than monthly, using its best efforts to obtain the original).  After the expiration of such best efforts period, Seller shall deliver to Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, a certification that states, despite Seller’s best efforts, Seller was unable to obtain such original document, and thereafter Seller shall have no further obligation to deliver the related original document.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, shall, at its option, have the right to cancel the purchase of a Purchased Asset if all required originals have not been delivered as required in this Agreement.
 
(c)        From time to time, Seller shall forward to Custodian additional original documents or additional documents evidencing any assumption, modification, consolidation or extension of a Purchased Asset approved in accordance with the terms of this Agreement, and upon receipt of any such other documents, Custodian shall hold such other documents on behalf of Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, and as Administrative Agent shall request from time to time.  With respect to any documents which have been delivered or are being delivered to recording offices for recording and have not been returned to Seller in time to permit their delivery hereunder at the time required, in lieu of delivering such original documents, Seller shall deliver to Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, a true copy thereof with an Officer’s Certificate certifying that such copy is a true, correct and complete copy of the original, which has been transmitted for recordation.  Seller shall deliver such original documents to Custodian promptly when they are received.  With respect to all of the Purchased Assets delivered by Seller to Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, or its designee (including Custodian), Seller shall execute an omnibus Power of Attorney to Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, irrevocably appointing Administrative Agent its attorney‑in‑fact with full power to, during the continuance of an Event of Default only, (i) complete and record any Assignment of Mortgage, (ii) complete the endorsement of any Mortgage Note, Mezzanine Note, LLC Certificate or Participation Certificate (as applicable)  and (iii) take such other steps as may be necessary or desirable to enforce Administrative Agent’s rights against any Purchased Assets and the related Purchased Asset Files and the Servicing Records.  Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, shall deposit the Purchased Asset Files representing the Purchased Assets, or cause the Purchased Asset Files to be deposited directly, with Custodian to be held by Custodian on behalf of Administrative Agent.  The Purchased Asset Files shall be maintained in accordance with Custodial Agreement.  Any Purchased Asset File not delivered to Administrative Agent or its designee (including Custodian) is and shall be held in trust by Seller or its designee for the benefit of Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, as the owner thereof.  Seller or its designee shall maintain a copy of the Purchased Asset File and the originals of the Purchased Asset File not delivered to Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, or its designee.  The possession of the Purchased Asset File by Seller or its designee is at the will of Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, for the sole purpose of servicing the related Purchased Asset, and such retention and possession by Seller or its designee is in a custodial capacity only.  The books and records (including, without limitation, any computer records or tapes) of Seller or its designee shall be marked appropriately to reflect clearly the transfer, subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement, of the related Purchased Asset to Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer.  Seller or its designee (including Custodian) shall release its custody of the Purchased Asset File only in accordance with written instructions from Administrative Agent, unless such release is required as incidental to the servicing of the Purchased Assets or is in connection with a repurchase of any Purchased Asset by Seller or is pursuant to the order of a court of competent jurisdiction.
 
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(d)          On the date of this Agreement, Administrative Agent shall have received all of the following items and documents, each of which shall be satisfactory to Buyer in form and substance:
 
(i)            Transaction Documents. (A) This Agreement, duly executed and delivered by Administrative Agent, Seller and Buyer; (B) the Custodial Agreement, duly executed and delivered by Seller, Administrative Agent and Custodian;(C) the Blocked Account Agreement, duly executed and delivered by Seller, Administrative Agent and Depository Bank; (D) the Fee Letter, duly executed and delivered by Seller and Administrative Agent; and (E) the Guaranty, duly executed and delivered by Guarantor; (F) the Power of Attorney to Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer; (G) the Power of Attorney to Seller; (H) the Pledge and Security Agreement; (I) the Servicing Agreement duly executed by the parties thereto; and (J) the Filings;
 
(ii)           Fees and Costs.  All fees and all other Transaction Costs payable to Administrative Agent and/or Buyer in connection with the negotiation of the Transaction Documents;
 
(iii)        Organizational Documents.  Certified copies of the organizational documents of Seller, Pledgor and Guarantor and resolutions or other documents evidencing the authority of Seller, Pledgor and Guarantor with respect to the execution, delivery and performance of the Transaction Documents to which it is a party and each other document to be delivered by Seller, Pledgor and/or Guarantor from time to time in connection with the Transaction Documents (and Administrative Agent and Buyer may conclusively rely on such certifications until it receives notice in writing from Seller, Pledgor or Guarantor, as the case may be, to the contrary);
 
(iv)          Legal Opinion.  Opinions of counsel to Seller, Pledgor and Guarantor in form and substance satisfactory to Buyer as to authority, enforceability of the Transaction Documents to which it is a party, perfection, bankruptcy safe harbors, the Investment Company Act and such other matters as may be requested by Administrative Agent; and
 
(v)           Other Documents.  Such other documents as Administrative Agent may reasonably request.
 
8.
CERTAIN RIGHTS OF BUYER WITH RESPECT TO THE PURCHASED ASSETS
 
(a)          Subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement, title to all Purchased Assets shall pass to Administrative Agent on the applicable Purchase Date, and Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, and Buyer shall have free and unrestricted use of its interest in the Purchased Assets in accordance with the terms and conditions of the Purchased Asset Documents.  Nothing in this Agreement or any other Transaction Document shall preclude Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, and Buyer from engaging (at its expense) in repurchase transactions with the Purchased Assets with Persons in conformity with the terms and conditions of the Purchased Asset Documents or otherwise selling, transferring, pledging, repledging, hypothecating, or rehypothecating the Purchased Assets to Persons in conformity with the terms and conditions of the Purchased Asset Documents, but no such transaction shall relieve Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, or Buyer of its obligations to transfer the Purchased Assets to Seller pursuant to Section 3 of this Agreement or of Administrative Agent’s obligation to credit or pay Income to, or apply Income to the obligations of, Seller pursuant to Section 5 of this Agreement or otherwise affect the rights, obligations and remedies of any party to this Agreement.
 
(b)         Nothing contained in this Agreement or any other Transaction Document shall obligate Administrative Agent to segregate any Purchased Assets delivered by Seller to Administrative Agent.  Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement or any other Transaction Document, no Purchased Asset shall remain in the custody of Seller or an Affiliate of Seller other than as permitted herein.  Subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement, any documents delivered to Custodian pursuant to Section 7 of this Agreement shall be released only in accordance with the terms and conditions of the Custodial Agreement.
 
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9.
EXTENSION OF FACILITY TERMINATION DATE; REDUCTION OF FACILITY AMOUNT
 
(a)          Seller shall have the right to exercise up to five (5) options (each, an “Extension Option”) to extend the then current Stated Facility Termination Date for an additional one (1) year period (each, an “Extension Period”) by written request to Administrative Agent no earlier than one hundred (120) days and no later than thirty (30) days prior to then current Stated Facility Termination Date (except that with respect to exercise of the second Extension Option hereunder, such notice shall be delivered no later than sixty (60) days prior to the then current Stated Facility Termination Date).  Each such Extension Option shall be subject to satisfaction of the following conditions: (i) no Event of Default shall exist on the date of Seller’s request to extend and no Default under Section 14(a)(i) or Section 14(a)(iv) with respect to a failure to comply with Section 5(b)(ii) or 5(c) or Event of Default shall exist on the then current Facility Termination Date, (ii) on or before the then current Facility Termination Date, Seller shall have paid all fees that are due and payable to Administrative Agent in accordance with the Transaction Documents and (iii) with respect to the second Extension Option, Seller shall have delivered to Administrative Agent updated Appraisals within the time period specified in Section 4(a)(i) and, if applicable, shall have made the Mandatory Prepayment required pursuant to Section 4(a)(i).
 
(b)         On each anniversary of the Closing Date, Seller may, upon at least five (5) Business Days’ prior notice to Administrative Agent, permanently reduce in part the undrawn portion of the Facility Amount; provided that after giving effect to such reduction, the Aggregate Repurchase Price of all Purchased Assets shall not exceed the Facility Amount.
 
10.
REPRESENTATIONS
 
Seller represents and warrants to Administrative Agent and Buyer that as of the date of this Agreement and as of each Purchase Date and at all times while this Agreement and any Transaction thereunder is in effect or any Repurchase Obligations remain outstanding:
 
(i)           Organization.  Seller (A) is a limited liability company duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws and regulations of the State of Delaware; (B) is duly licensed, qualified, and in good standing in every state where such licensing or qualification is necessary for the transaction of Seller’s business; (C) has all requisite limited liability company or other power, and has all governmental licenses, authorizations, consents and approvals necessary, to (1) own and hold its assets and to carry on its business as now being conducted and proposed to be conducted and (2) to execute the Transaction Documents and enter into the Transactions thereunder, and (D) has all requisite limited liability company or other power to execute, deliver, and perform its obligations under this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents.
 
(ii)          Authorization; Due Execution; Enforceability.  The execution, delivery and performance by Seller of each of this Agreement and each of the Transaction Documents have been duly authorized by all necessary limited liability company or other action on its part.  The Transaction Documents have been duly executed and delivered by Seller for good and valuable consideration.  The Transaction Documents constitute the legal, valid and binding obligations of Seller, enforceable against Seller in accordance with their respective terms subject to bankruptcy, insolvency, and other limitations on creditors’ rights generally and to equitable principles.
 
(iii)         Non‑Contravention; Consents.  Neither the execution and delivery of the Transaction Documents, nor consummation by Seller of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents (or any of them), nor compliance by Seller with the terms, conditions and provisions of the Transaction Documents (or any of them) will (A) conflict with or result in a breach of the organizational documents of Seller (B) conflict with any applicable law (including, without limitation, Prescribed Laws), rule or regulation or result in a breach or violation of any of the terms, conditions or provisions of any judgment or order, writ, injunction, decree or demand of any Governmental Authority applicable to Seller, (C) result in the creation or imposition of any lien or any other encumbrance upon any of the assets of Seller, other than pursuant to the Transaction Documents or (D) violate or conflict with contractual provisions of, or cause an event of default under, any indenture, loan agreement, mortgage, contract or other material agreement to which Seller is a party or by which Seller may be bound.
 
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(iv)         Litigation; Requirements of Law.  There is no action, suit, proceeding, investigation, or arbitration pending or, to the actual knowledge of Seller, threatened against Seller or any of its assets which (A) would reasonably be expected to, individually or in the aggregate, result in any Material Adverse Effect; (B) makes a claim or claims in an amount greater than $100,000; or (C) requires filing with the SEC in accordance with the 1934 Act or any rules thereunder.  Seller is in compliance in all material respects with all Requirements of Law.  Seller is not in default in any material respect with respect to any judgment, order, writ, injunction, decree, rule or regulation of any arbitrator or Governmental Authority.
 
(v)          No Broker.  Seller has not dealt with any broker, investment banker, agent or other Person (other than Administrative Agent, Buyer or an Affiliate of either of them) who may be entitled to any commission or compensation in connection with the sale of the Purchased Assets pursuant to any Transaction Documents.
 
(vi)        Good Title to Purchased Assets.  Immediately prior to the purchase of any Purchased Assets by Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, from Seller, such Purchased Assets are free and clear of any lien, security interest, claim, option, charge, encumbrance or impediment to transfer to Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, (including any “adverse claim” as defined in Section 8‑102(a)(1) of the UCC), and are not subject to any rights of setoff, any prior sale, transfer, assignment, or participation by Seller or any agreement (other than the Transaction Documents or as set forth in the related Purchased Asset Documents) by Seller to assign, convey, transfer or participate in such Purchased Assets, in whole or in part, and Seller is the sole legal record and beneficial owner of, and owns and has the right to sell and transfer, such Purchased Assets to Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, and, upon transfer of such Purchased Assets to Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, shall be the owner of such Purchased Assets (other than for U.S. federal, state and local income and franchise tax purposes) free of any adverse claim, subject to Seller’s rights pursuant to this Agreement.  In the event that the related Transaction is recharacterized as a secured financing of the Purchased Assets and with respect to the security interests granted in Section 6(a), Section 6(c) and Section 6(d), the provisions of this Agreement and the filing of the Filings are effective to create in favor of Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, a valid security interest in all right, title and interest of Seller in, to and under the Repurchase Assets specified in Section 6(a) and the other collateral specified in Section 6(c) and Section 6(d), and Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, shall have a valid, perfected and enforceable first priority security interest in the Repurchase Assets and such other collateral, subject to no lien or rights of others other than as granted herein.
 
(vii)        No Default; No Material Adverse Effect.  No Default or Event of Default exists under or with respect to the Transaction Documents.  To Seller’s knowledge, there are no facts or circumstances that have a Material Adverse Effect that Seller has not notified Administrative Agent of in writing.
 
(viii)       Representations and Warranties Regarding Purchased Assets; Delivery of Purchased Asset File.  Each Purchased Asset sold hereunder, as of the applicable Purchase Date for the Transaction in question, conforms to the applicable representations and warranties set forth in Exhibit III attached hereto, except as has been disclosed to Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, in an Exception Report prior to Administrative Agent’s issuance of the Confirmation or, in the case of a Delayed Purchased Asset, prior to the issuance of a restated Confirmation pursuant to Section 3(f).  It is understood and agreed that the representations and warranties set forth in Exhibit III hereto (as modified by any Exception Report disclosed to Administrative Agent in writing prior to Administrative Agent’s issuance of the Confirmation or, in the case of a Delayed Purchased Asset, prior to the issuance of a restated Confirmation pursuant to Section 3(f)), shall survive delivery of the respective Purchased Asset File to Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, or its designee (including Custodian).  With respect to each Purchased Asset, the Purchased Asset File and any other documents required to be delivered under this Agreement and the Custodial Agreement for such Purchased Asset have been delivered (or, with respect to a Delayed Purchased Asset, will have been delivered on or prior to the related Purchase Date) to Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, or Bailee, as applicable, or to Custodian on behalf of Administrative Agent.  Seller or its designee is in possession of a complete, true and accurate Purchased Asset File with respect to each Purchased Asset, except for such documents the originals of which have been delivered to Custodian.
 
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(ix)        Adequate Capitalization; No Fraudulent Transfer.  After giving effect to each Transaction (A) the amount of the “present fair saleable value” of the assets of Seller and of Seller and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, will, as of such date, exceed the amount of all “liabilities of Seller and of Seller and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, contingent or otherwise”, as of such date, as such quoted terms are determined in accordance with applicable federal and state laws governing determinations of the insolvency of debtors, (B) the present fair saleable value of the assets of Seller and of Seller and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, will, as of such date, be greater than the amount that will be required to pay the liabilities of Seller and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, on their respective debts as such debts become absolute and matured, (C) neither Seller, nor Seller and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, will have, as of such date, an unreasonably small amount of capital with which to conduct their respective businesses, and (D) Seller and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, will be able to pay their respective debts as they mature.  Seller does not intend to incur, or believe that it has incurred, debts beyond its ability to pay such debts as they mature.  Seller is not contemplating the commencement of insolvency, bankruptcy, liquidation or consolidation proceedings or the appointment of a receiver, liquidator, conservator, trustee or similar official in respect of Seller or any of its assets.  Seller is not transferring any Purchased Assets with any intent to hinder, delay or defraud any of its creditors.  For purposes of this Section 10(ix), “debt” means “liability on a claim”, “claim” means any (1) right to payment, whether or not such a right is reduced to judgment, liquidated, unliquidated, fixed, contingent, matured, unmatured, disputed, undisputed, legal, equitable, secured or unsecured, and (2) right to an equitable remedy for breach of performance if such breach gives rise to a right to payment, whether or not such right to an equitable remedy is reduced to judgment, fixed, contingent, matured or unmatured, disputed, undisputed, secured or unsecured.
 
(x)           Organizational Documents.  Seller has delivered to Administrative Agent true and correct certified copies of its organizational documents, together with all amendments thereto.
 
(xi)          No Encumbrances.  There are (A) no outstanding rights, options, warrants or agreements on the part of Seller for a purchase, sale or issuance, in connection with the Purchased Assets (B) no agreements on the part of Seller to issue, sell or distribute the Purchased Assets and (C) no obligations on the part of Seller (contingent or otherwise) to purchase, redeem or otherwise acquire any securities or interest therein, except, in each of the foregoing instances, as contemplated by the Transaction Documents.
 
(xii)         No Investment Company or Holding Company.  Neither Seller nor Guarantor is an “investment company”, or a company “controlled by an investment company”, within the meaning of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.
 
(xiii)        Taxes.  Seller has filed or caused to be filed all U.S. federal and other material tax returns that would be delinquent if they had not been filed on or before the date hereof and has paid all U.S. federal and other material Taxes imposed on it and any of its assets that are due and payable on or before the date hereof; no tax liens have been filed against any of Seller’s assets other than Permitted Encumbrances; and, to Seller’s knowledge, no claims are being asserted  with respect to any such Taxes.
 
(xiv)        ERISA.  Except as would not individually or in the aggregate give rise to a Material Adverse Effect, neither Seller nor any ERISA Affiliate (A) sponsors or maintains any Plans or (B) makes any contributions to or has any liabilities or obligations (direct or contingent) with respect to any Plans.  Seller does not hold “plan assets” within the meaning of the Plan Asset Regulations, and assuming that no portion of the Purchased Assets are funded by Buyer with “plan assets” within the meaning of the Plan Asset Regulations, the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement should not constitute a non‑exempt prohibited transaction under Section 406(a) of ERISA, Section 4975(c)(1)(A)-(C) of the Code that would subject the Buyer to any tax or penalty on prohibited transactions imposed under Section 4975 of the Code or Section 502(i) of ERISA.
 
(xv)         Judgments/Bankruptcy.  Except as disclosed in writing to Administrative Agent, there are no judgments against Seller that are unsatisfied of record or docketed in any court located in the United States of America and no Act of Insolvency has ever occurred with respect to Seller.
 
(xvi)        Full and Accurate Disclosure.  To Seller’s actual knowledge, no information provided pursuant to or during the negotiation of the Transaction Documents, or any written statement furnished by or on behalf of Seller pursuant to the terms of the Transaction Documents (including any certification of Bailee), contains any untrue statement of a material fact or omits to state a material fact necessary to make the statements contained herein or therein not misleading in light of the circumstances under which they were made when such statements and omissions are considered in the totality of the circumstances in question.
 
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(xvii)      Financial Information.  All financial data concerning Seller, Guarantor and the REIT and, to Seller’s actual knowledge, all data concerning the Purchased Assets that has been delivered to Administrative Agent by Seller, any Affiliate of Seller or Seller’s advisors is true, complete and correct in all material respects and has been prepared in accordance with GAAP (to the extent applicable).  Since the delivery of such data, except as otherwise disclosed in writing to Administrative Agent, there has been no material adverse change in the business or financial condition of Seller or Guarantor or, to Seller’s actual knowledge, the Purchased Assets, or in the results of operations of Seller or Guarantor.
 
(xviii)     Jurisdiction of Organization.  Seller’s jurisdiction of organization is the State of Delaware.
 
(xix)       Location of Books and Records.  The location where Seller keeps its books and records is at its chief executive office at 9 West 57th Street, New York, New York, 10019, or such other address as Seller may notify Administrative Agent in writing from time to time pursuant to Section 12(j).
 
(xx)         Authorized Representatives.  The duly authorized representatives of Seller are listed on, and true signatures of such authorized representatives are set forth on, Exhibit V attached to this Agreement.
 
(xxi)        Use of Proceeds; Regulations T, U and X.  All proceeds of each Transaction shall be used by Seller for purposes permitted under Seller’s governing documents; provided that no part of the proceeds of any Transaction will be used by Seller to purchase or carry any margin stock or to extend credit to others for the purpose of purchasing or carrying any margin stock.  Neither the entering into nor consummation of any Transaction hereunder, nor the use of the proceeds thereof, will violate any provision of Regulations T, U and X.
 
(xxii)      Regulatory Status.  Seller is not a “bank holding company” or a direct or indirect subsidiary of a “bank holding company” as defined in the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956, as amended, and Regulation Y thereunder of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.
 
(xxiii)      Hedging Transactions.  As of the Purchase Date for any Purchased Asset that is subject to a Hedging Transaction, each such Hedging Transaction is in full force and effect in accordance with its terms, each counterparty thereto is an Affiliated Hedge Counterparty or a Qualified Hedge Counterparty, and no “Termination Event”, “Event of Default”, “Potential Event of Default” or any similar event, however denominated, has occurred with respect thereto.
 
(xxiv)      Anti‑Money Laundering.  The operations of Seller, Guarantor and their Subsidiaries are and have been conducted at all times in material compliance with all applicable financial recordkeeping and reporting requirements, including those required by the Prescribed Laws, and no action, suit or proceeding by or before any court or governmental agency, authority or body or any arbitrator involving Seller or Guarantor or any of their Subsidiaries with respect to the Prescribed Laws is pending or, to the best knowledge of Seller, threatened.
 
(xxv)       OFAC.
 
(A)           None of Seller, any director, officer or employee of Seller, or to Seller’s knowledge, any agent, Affiliate or representative of Seller, is a Person that is, or is owned or controlled by a Person that is:  (1) the subject of any sanction administered or enforced by OFAC, the United Nations Security Council, the European Union, or Her Majesty’s Treasury (collectively, “Sanctions”); or (2) located, organized or resides in a country or territory that is the subject of comprehensive Sanctions (including, without limitation, Burma/Myanmar, Cuba, Iran, North Korea, Sudan and Syria.
 
(B)           Seller is not now knowingly engaged in, and will not knowingly engage in, any dealings or transactions with any Person, or in any country or territory, that at the time of the dealing or transaction is or was the subject of Sanctions.
 
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(xxvi)      Anti‑Corruption.
 
(A)          None of Seller, its directors, officers, or employees, or, to Seller’s knowledge, any agent, Affiliate or representative of Seller or any Affiliate of them, has taken or will take any action in furtherance of an offer, payment, promise to pay, or authorization or approval of the payment or giving of money, property, gifts or anything else of value, directly or indirectly, to any Person while knowing that all or some portion of the money or value will be offered, given or promised to anyone to improperly influence official action, to obtain or retain business or otherwise to secure any improper advantage, in each case in violation of applicable anti‑corruption or anti‑bribery laws.
 
(B)          Seller and, to Seller’s knowledge, Seller’s Affiliates have conducted their businesses in compliance with applicable anti‑corruption laws and have instituted and maintained, and will continue to maintain, policies and procedures reasonably designed to promote and achieve compliance with such laws and with the representations and warranties contained in this Section 10(xxvi).
 
11.
NEGATIVE COVENANTS OF SELLER
 
On and as of date of this Agreement and each Purchase Date and at all times while this Agreement and any Transaction hereunder is in effect or any Repurchase Obligations remain outstanding, Seller shall not without the prior written consent of Administrative Agent:
 
(a)          subject to Seller’s right to repurchase the Purchased Assets, take any action which would directly or indirectly materially impair or adversely affect Administrative Agent’s title to the Purchased Assets;
 
(b)          transfer, assign, convey, grant, bargain, sell, set over, deliver or otherwise dispose of, or pledge or hypothecate, directly or indirectly, any interest in the Purchased Assets (or any of them) to any Person other than Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, or engage in repurchase transactions or similar transactions with respect to the Purchased Assets (or any of them) with any Person other than Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, except where the Purchased Assets in question are simultaneously repurchased from Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer;
 
(c)          create, incur or permit to exist any lien, encumbrance or security interest in or on any of the Repurchase Assets or other collateral subject to the security interests granted by Seller pursuant to Section 6 of this Agreement;
 
(d)          create, incur or permit any lien, security interest, charges, or encumbrances with respect to any Repurchase Assets or Hedging Transaction relating to the Purchased Assets for the benefit of any Person other than Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer;
 
(e)         consent to a Significant Modification of any Purchased Asset without the prior written consent of Administrative Agent, which consent shall be in Administrative Agent’s sole discretion provided that, to the extent the underlying loan documentation provides any standard of reasonableness or other qualifying language applicable to Seller in respect of such Significant Modification, Administrative Agent shall make its determination in conformance with such standard; provided that Administrative Agent agrees to use commercially reasonable efforts to respond to any request by Seller for approval of a Significant Modification no later than ten (10) Business Days after the submission by Seller of such request together with all information and documentation reasonably requested by Administrative Agent in order to evaluate such request;
 
(f)          permit a Change of Control to occur;
 
(g)         after the occurrence and during the continuation of any Default or Event of Default, make any distribution, payment on account of, or set apart assets for, a sinking or other analogous fund for the purchase, redemption, defeasance, retirement or other acquisition of any equity or ownership interest of Seller, whether now or hereafter outstanding, or make any other distribution in respect thereof, either directly or indirectly, whether in cash or property or in obligations of Seller;
 
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(h)         except as could not individually or in the aggregate result in a Material Adverse Effect, sponsor or maintain any Plans or make any contributions to, or have any liability or obligation (direct or contingent) with respect to, any Plan or permit any ERISA Affiliate to sponsor or maintain any Plans or make any contributions to, or have any liability or obligation (direct or contingent) with respect to, any Plan;
 
(i)          assuming that no portion of the Purchased Assets are funded by Buyer with “plan assets” within the meaning of the Plan Asset Regulations, engage in any transaction hereunder that would cause any obligation or action taken or to be taken hereunder (or the exercise by Administrative Agent of any of its rights under this Agreement, the Purchased Assets or any Transaction Document) to be a non‑exempt prohibited transaction under Section 406(a) of ERISA or Section 4975(c)(1)(A)-(C) of the Code that would subject the Buyer to any tax or penalty on prohibited transactions imposed under Section 4975 of the Code or Section 502(i) of ERISA;
 
(j)           make any future advances under any Purchased Asset to any underlying obligor that are not contemplated by the related Purchased Asset Documents;
 
(k)          seek its dissolution, liquidation or winding up, in whole or in part;
 
(l)           incur any Indebtedness except as provided in Section 13(i) hereof or otherwise cease to be a Single‑Purpose Entity;
 
(m)         permit the organizational documents or organizational structure of Seller to be amended without the prior written consent of Administrative Agent in its sole discretion (other than to replace or substitute authorized officers thereof);
 
(n)         acquire or maintain any right or interest in any Purchased Asset or Mortgaged Property that is senior to, junior to or pari passu with the rights and interests of Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, therein under this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents unless such right or interest becomes a Purchased Asset hereunder;
 
(o)         knowingly, directly or indirectly use the proceeds from any Transaction, or lend contribute or otherwise make available such proceeds to any other Person (i) to fund or facilitate any activities or business of or with any Person or in any country or territory that, at the time of such funding or facilitation, is the subject of Sanctions or (ii) in any other manner that would result in a violation of Sanctions by any Person (including Administrative Agent and/or Buyer); or
 
(p)         knowingly, directly or indirectly use the proceeds from any Transaction or lend, contribute or otherwise make available such proceeds to any Person for the purpose of financing or facilitating any activity that would violate applicable anti‑corruption laws, rules, or regulations.
 
12.
AFFIRMATIVE COVENANTS OF SELLER
 
On and as of the date of this Agreement and each Purchase Date and at all times while this Agreement and any Transaction thereunder is in effect or any Repurchase Obligations remain outstanding:
 
(a)          Seller shall give written notice to Administrative Agent upon Seller obtaining actual knowledge of the following:
 
(i)          with respect to any Purchased Asset sold to Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, hereunder, promptly following receipt by Seller of notice or knowledge that the related Mortgaged Property has been materially damaged by waste, fire, earthquake or earth movement, windstorm, flood, tornado or other casualty, or otherwise damaged so as to materially affect adversely the value of such Mortgaged Property;
 
(ii)          promptly upon receipt of notice by Seller or knowledge of (A) any Purchased Asset that becomes a Defaulted Asset or (B) any lien or security interest (other than security interests created hereby) on, or claim asserted against, any Purchased Asset or, to Seller’s knowledge, the underlying collateral therefor (other than Permitted Encumbrances);
 
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(iii)         promptly, and in any event within ten (10) days after service of process on any of the following, give to Administrative Agent notice of all litigation, actions, suits, arbitrations, investigations (including, without limitation, any of the foregoing which are pending or threatened) or other legal or arbitrable proceedings affecting Seller or affecting any of the assets of Seller before any Governmental Authority that (A) questions or challenges the validity or enforceability of any of the Transaction Documents or any action to be taken in connection with the transactions contemplated hereby or (B) raises any lender licensee issues with respect to any Purchased Asset;
 
(iv)         promptly upon any transfer of any underlying Mortgaged Property or any direct or indirect equity interest in any Mortgagor of which Seller has received written notice from the Underlying Borrower pursuant to the related Purchased Asset Documents, whether or not consent to such transfer is required under the applicable Purchased Asset Documents;
 
(v)          promptly, and in any event within ten (10) days after Seller or any of its ERISA Affiliates knows or has reason to know that any “reportable event” (within the meaning of Section 4043(c) of ERISA) has occurred or is reasonably expected to occur in respect of a Plan that, individually or in the aggregate, either has resulted, or could reasonably be expected to result, in a Material Adverse Effect;
 
(vi)         promptly and in any event within two (2) business days of Seller’s actual knowledge,  (a) notice of any material event or any material change in circumstances that an institutional asset manager would reasonably expect to result in a material adverse effect on Seller, Pledgor, Guarantor, Manager or REIT, any Underlying Borrower in respect of a Purchased Asset, a Purchased Asset or the property collateralizing a Purchased Asset, (b) notice of any monetary or material non-monetary default or event of default under any Purchased Asset, (c) any change with respect to Servicer or in the servicing of any Purchased Asset and (d) notice of any allegation made by any Underlying Borrower in writing that Seller has defaulted with respect to Seller’s obligations under any Purchased Asset);
 
(vii)        promptly and in any event within two (2) business days of Seller’s actual knowledge, to the extent that there exists a mezzanine loan related to a Purchased Asset, (a) notice of any material event in respect of such mezzanine loan or the applicable mezzanine loan borrower, (b) notice of any monetary default or material non-monetary default or event of default under any related mezzanine loan documentation, (c) notice of any default or event of default under any intercreditor documentation relating to such mezzanine loan and the applicable Purchased Asset;
 
(viii)       promptly and in any event within one (1) business day of Seller’s actual knowledge, notice of an Event of Default; and
 
(ix)          upon Administrative Agent’s request:
 
(A)           a listing of any changes in Hedging Transactions, the names of the hedge counterparties and the material terms of such hedging transactions, delivered within ten (10) Business Days after Administrative Agent’s request;
 
(B)           copies of Seller’s and Guarantor’s U.S. federal income tax and other material tax returns, if any, delivered within thirty (30) days after the earlier of (x) filing or (y) the last filing extension period;
 
(C)          such further information with respect to the financial condition, operations or business of any Mortgaged Property, any Purchased Asset, any Mortgagor, Seller, Pledgor, Guarantor or the REIT and any Plan and Multiemployer Plan as may be reasonably requested by Administrative Agent, including, without limitation, all business plans prepared by or for Seller and any such information that is otherwise necessary to allow Administrative Agent to monitor compliance with the terms of the Transaction Documents; and
 
(D)           such other reports as Administrative Agent shall reasonably request with respect to any Purchased Asset, to the extent available to Seller pursuant to the Purchased Asset Documents.
 
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(b)         [intentionally omitted]
 
(c)         Seller shall defend the right, title and interest of Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, in and to the Purchased Assets and any Hedging Transactions against, and take such other action as is necessary to remove, any liens, security interests, claims, encumbrances, charges and demands of all Persons thereon (other than security interests granted to Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, hereunder), and take any such other action as is necessary to obtain or preserve a first priority perfected security interest in the Purchased Assets and any Hedging Transactions.
 
(d)         Seller will permit Administrative Agent or its designated representative to inspect any of Seller’s records with respect to all or any portion of the Purchased Assets and the conduct and operation of its business related thereto upon reasonable advance notice at such reasonable times during normal business hours and with reasonable frequency requested by Administrative Agent or its designated representative and to make copies of extracts of any and all thereof.
 
(e)         If any amount payable under or in connection with any of the Purchased Assets shall be or become evidenced by any promissory note, other instrument or chattel paper (as each of the foregoing is defined under the UCC), such note, instrument or chattel paper shall be immediately delivered to Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, or its designee, duly endorsed in a manner satisfactory to Administrative Agent or if any collateral or other security shall subsequently be delivered to Seller in connection with any Purchased Asset, Seller shall immediately deliver or forward such item of collateral or other security to Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, or its designee, together with such instruments of assignment as Administrative Agent may reasonably request.
 
(f)          Seller shall provide to Administrative Agent the following:
 
(i)            within forty-five calendar days after the last day of each of the first three fiscal quarters in any fiscal year of Seller, a Quarterly Report and Guarantor’s Financial Covenant Compliance Certificate;
 
(ii)           within one hundred twenty (120) calendar days after the last day of each fiscal year of Seller, an Annual Reporting Package and Guarantor’s Financial Covenant Compliance Certificate;
 
(iii)         with respect to each Purchased Asset: (a) within thirty (30) days after the end of each fiscal quarter of Seller, a quarterly report with respect to the Purchased Assets in the form attached hereto as Exhibit IX, (b) within ten (10) days after receipt or preparation thereof by Seller or any Servicer, (x) remittance, servicing, securitization, exception and other reports, if any, and all operating and financial statements and rent rolls of all Underlying Obligors when and as received from Servicer, an Underlying Obligor, a third-party servicer or from any other source, and (y) with respect to the applicable Purchased Assets set forth on Schedule 1 to the Fee Letter, the monthly supplemental reporting set forth therein and (c) promptly following renewal of any insurance coverage with respect to the Mortgaged Properties securing any Purchased Asset, certificates or other evidence of such insurance coverage, together with a report on such coverage prepared by Midland or a third party insurance consultant; provided that, Seller shall have no obligation to provide the reports, statements, certificates or other items described in this Section 12(f)(iii)(c) or Section 12(f)(iii)(b) to the extent any such reports, statements, certificates or other items are otherwise made available by Servicer to Administrative Agent on Intralinks® or an equivalent site satisfactory to the Administrative.
 
(iv)          copies of all financial statements, reports, notices and other documents that Guarantor sends to its equity holders or makes to or files with any Governmental Authority, promptly after the delivery or filing thereof;
 
(v)           [reserved];
 
(vi)        such other information regarding the financial condition, operations or business of Seller, Pledgor, Guarantor, Manager, REIT or any Underlying Obligor as Administrative Agent may reasonably request including, without limitation, any such information that is otherwise necessary to allow Administrative Agent to monitor the Purchased Assets and/or compliance with the terms of the Transaction Documents; and
 
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(vii)         no later than 30 days after the Closing Date, Seller shall have delivered to Administrative Agent updated Appraisals for the Mortgaged Properties related to the Purchased Assets indicated on Schedule 1 to the Fee Letter.
 
(g)          Seller shall at all times comply in all material respects with all laws (including, without limitation, Prescribed Laws), ordinances, rules and regulations of any federal, state, municipal or other public authority having jurisdiction over Seller or any of its assets, and Seller shall do or cause to be done all things reasonably necessary to preserve and maintain in full force and effect its legal existence and all licenses material to its business.
 
(h)         Seller agrees that, from time to time upon the prior written request of Administrative Agent, it shall  execute and deliver such further documents, provide such additional information and reports and perform such other acts as Administrative Agent may reasonably request in order to  fully effectuate the purposes of this Agreement; provided, however, that nothing in this Section 3(i) shall be construed as requiring Administrative Agent or Buyer to conduct any inquiry or decreasing Seller’s responsibility for its statements, representations, warranties or covenants under this Agreement.  In order to enable Administrative Agent and Buyer and their respective Affiliates to comply with any anti‑money laundering program and related responsibilities including, but not limited to, any obligations under the Prescribed Laws and regulations thereunder, Seller, on behalf of itself and its Affiliates, represents and covenants to Administrative Agent, Buyer and their respective Affiliates that:  (A) neither Seller, nor, any of its Affiliates, is a Prohibited Person and (B) Seller is not acting on behalf of or on behalf of any Prohibited Person.  Seller agrees to promptly notify Administrative Agent or a person appointed by Administrative Agent to administer its anti‑money laundering program, if applicable, of any change in information affecting this Section 12(h).
 
(i)          Seller shall at all times keep proper books of records and accounts in which full, true and correct entries shall be made of its transactions in accordance with GAAP and set aside on its books from its earnings for each fiscal year all such proper reserves in accordance with GAAP.
 
(j)          Seller shall advise Administrative Agent in writing of the opening of any new chief executive office of Seller or the closing of any such office and of any change in Seller’s name or the places where the books and records pertaining to the Purchased Assets are held not less than fifteen (15) Business Days prior to taking any such action.
 
(k)         Seller shall pay when due all Transaction Costs.  Seller shall pay and discharge all Taxes, levies, liens and other charges, if any, on its assets and on the Purchased Assets that, in each case, in any manner would create any lien or charge upon the Purchased Assets, except for any such Taxes as are being appropriately contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings diligently conducted and with respect to which adequate reserves have been provided in accordance with GAAP.
 
(l)          Seller shall maintain its existence as a limited liability company organized solely and in good standing under the law of the State of Delaware and shall not dissolve, liquidate, merge with or into any other Person or otherwise change its organizational structure or documents or identity or incorporate or organize in any other jurisdiction.
 
(m)        Seller shall maintain all records with respect to the Purchased Assets and the conduct and operation of its business with no less a degree of prudence than if the Purchased Assets were held by Seller for its own account and will furnish Administrative Agent, upon request by Administrative Agent or its designated representative, with information available to Seller with respect to the Purchased Assets and the conduct and operation of its business.
 
(n)         Seller shall provide Administrative Agent with notice of each modification of any Purchased Asset Documents consented to by Seller (including such modifications which do not constitute a Significant Modification).
 
(o)        Seller shall provide Administrative Agent with reasonable access to operating statements, the occupancy status and other property level information, in each case to the extent available to Seller, with respect to the Mortgaged Properties, plus any such additional reports as Administrative Agent may reasonably request to the extent available to Seller.
 
(p)          [intentionally omitted]
 
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(q)         Seller shall not cause any Purchased Asset to be serviced by any servicer other than a servicer expressly approved in writing by Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer.  Seller shall provide written notification to Administrative Agent within one (1) Business Day of Seller’s obtaining actual knowledge of any rating agency reducing the credit or servicer rating applicable to any servicer.
 
(r)          If Seller shall at any time become entitled to receive or shall receive any rights, whether in addition to, in substitution of, as a conversion of, or in exchange for a Purchased Asset, or otherwise in respect thereof, Seller shall accept the same as Buyer’s agent, hold the same in trust for Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, and deliver the same forthwith to Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, (or Custodian, as appropriate) in the exact form received, duly endorsed by Seller to Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, if required, together with all related and necessary duly executed Transfer Documents to be held by Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, hereunder as additional collateral security for the Transactions.  If any sums of money or property so paid or distributed in respect of the Purchased Assets shall be received by Seller, Seller shall, until such money or property is paid or delivered to Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, hold such money or property in trust for Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, segregated from other funds of Seller, as additional collateral security for the Transactions.
 
(s)         If Guarantor or any Subsidiary of Guarantor has entered into or shall enter into or amend a repurchase agreement, warehouse facility, credit facility or other similar arrangement with any Person which by its terms provides more favorable terms with respect to the Guarantor Financial Covenants or similar financial covenants than those set forth in the Guaranty (a “More Favorable Agreement”), then Seller shall give notice to Administrative Agent of such more favorable terms promptly, and in any case prior to the execution of such More Favorable Agreement in the case of a More Favorable Agreement that has not been executed, and shall enter into an amendment of this Agreement and/or the Guaranty in the case of a More Favorable Agreement that has not been executed, not less than ten (10) Business days after execution of such More Favorable Agreement, and in the case of an existing More Favorable Agreement, no later than ten (10) Business Days after notice is given pursuant to this Section 12(s), in order to incorporate such more favorable term(s) into the terms of this Agreement and/or the Guaranty, as applicable.
 
13.
SINGLE‑PURPOSE ENTITY
 
Seller hereby represents and warrants to Administrative Agent and Buyer and covenants with Administrative Agent and Buyer that, on and as of the date of this Agreement and each Purchase Date and at all times while this Agreement and any Transaction hereunder is in effect or any Repurchase Obligations remain outstanding:
 
(a)          it is and intends to remain solvent, and it has paid and will pay its debts and liabilities (including overhead expenses) from its own assets as the same shall become due (provided, however, nothing in this Article 13 or elsewhere in this Agreement shall be construed to require any direct or indirect owner to make any capital contributions to Seller);
 
(b)          it has complied and will comply with the provisions of its certificate of formation and its limited liability company agreement;
 
(c)          it has done or caused to be done and will do all things necessary to observe limited liability company formalities and to preserve its existence;
 
(d)          it has maintained and will maintain all of its books, records, financial statements and bank accounts separate from those of its Affiliates, its members and any other Person, and it will file its own tax returns (except to the extent consolidation is required or permitted under GAAP or as a matter of law);
 
(e)          it has been, is and will be, and at all times will hold itself out to the public as, a legal entity separate and distinct from any other entity (including any Affiliate of Seller), it shall correct any known misunderstanding regarding its status as a separate entity, it shall conduct business in its own name, it shall not identify itself or any of its Affiliates as a division or part of the other and it shall maintain and utilize separate stationery, invoices and checks;
 
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(f)         it has not owned and will not own any property or any other assets other than the Purchased Assets, its interests under the Purchased Asset Documents and its rights to repurchase the Purchased Assets pursuant to this Agreement, cash and its interest under any associated Hedging Transactions;
 
(g)          it has not engaged and will not engage in any business other than the origination, acquisition, ownership, financing and disposition of the Purchased Assets and the associated Hedging Transactions in accordance with the applicable provisions of the Transaction Documents;
 
(h)         except in connection with the distribution to or contribution from Pledgor of any Purchased Assets in connection with the sale or repurchase thereof pursuant to this Agreement, it has not entered into, and will not enter into, any contract or agreement with any of its Affiliates, except upon terms and conditions that are intrinsically fair and substantially similar to those that would be available on an arm’s length basis with Persons other than such Affiliate;
 
(i)           it has not incurred and will not incur any indebtedness or obligation, secured or unsecured, direct or indirect, absolute or contingent (including guaranteeing any obligation), other than (A) obligations under the Transaction Documents, (B) obligations under the documents evidencing the Purchased Assets, and (C) unsecured trade payables, in an aggregate amount not to exceed $200,000 at any one time outstanding, incurred in the ordinary course of acquiring, owning, financing and disposing of the Purchased Assets; provided, however, that any such trade payables incurred by Seller shall be paid within ninety (90) days of the date incurred;
 
(j)           it has not made and will not make any loans or advances to any other Person, and shall not acquire obligations or securities of any member or affiliate of any member or any other Person (other than in connection with the origination or acquisition of Purchased Assets);
 
(k)        it will maintain adequate capital for the normal obligations reasonably foreseeable in a business of its size and character and in light of its contemplated business operations;
 
(l)           it will not seek dissolution, liquidation or winding up, in whole or in part
 
(m)         it will not commingle its funds and other assets with those of any of its Affiliates or any other Person;
 
(n)          it has maintained and will maintain its assets in such a manner that it will not be costly or difficult to segregate, ascertain or identify its individual assets from those of any of its Affiliates or any other Person;
 
(o)          it has not held and will not hold itself out to be responsible for the debts or obligations of any other Person;
 
(p)          it will (i) have at all times at least one (1) Independent Director and (ii) provide Administrative Agent with a copy of the agreement pursuant to which each Independent Director consents to and serves as an Independent Director for Seller;
 
(q)          its organizational documents shall provide that (i) no Independent Director of Seller may be removed or replaced without Cause, (ii) Administrative Agent be given at least two (2) Business Days prior notice of the removal and/or replacement of any Independent Director, together with the name and contact information of the replacement Independent Director and evidence of the replacement’s satisfaction of the definition of Independent Director and (iii) any Independent Director of Seller shall not have any fiduciary duty to anyone including the holders of the equity interests in Seller and any Affiliates of Seller except Seller and the creditors of Seller with respect to taking of, or otherwise voting on, any Act of Insolvency; provided that the foregoing shall not eliminate the implied contractual covenant of good faith and fair dealing;
 
(r)          it shall not, without the consent of its Independent Directors, institute any proceeding to be adjudicated as bankrupt or insolvent, or consent to the institution of bankruptcy or insolvency proceedings against it, or file a petition or answer or consent seeking reorganization or relief under the Bankruptcy Code or consent to the filing of any such petition or to the appointment of a receiver, rehabilitator, conservator, liquidator, assignee, trustee or sequestrator (or other similar official) of it or of any substantial part of its property, or ordering the winding up or liquidation of its affairs, or make an assignment for the benefit of creditors, or admit in writing its inability to pay its debts generally as they become due, or take any action in furtherance of any of the foregoing; and
 
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(s)          it shall not have any employees.
 
14.
EVENTS OF DEFAULT; REMEDIES
 
(a)          Events of Default.  The following shall constitute an event of default (each, an “Event of Default”) by Seller hereunder:
 
(i)           failure of Seller to repurchase one or more Purchased Assets on the applicable Repurchase Date;
 
(ii)          failure of Seller to apply any Income received by Seller in accordance with the provisions hereof;
 
(iii)         if any of the Transaction Documents shall for any reason (A) not cause, or shall cease to cause, Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, to be the owner of, or, if recharacterized as a secured financing, a secured party with respect to, the Repurchase Assets specified in Section 6(a) hereof and the other collateral specified in Sections 6(c) or 6(d) hereof free of any adverse claim, liens and other rights of others (other than as granted herein); (B) cease, if a Transaction is recharacterized as a secured financing, to create a valid first priority perfected security interest in favor of Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, in the Repurchase Assets specified in Section 6(a) hereof and the other collateral specified in Sections 6(c) or 6(d) hereof; or (C) cease to be in full force and effect or if the enforceability of any of them is challenged or repudiated by Seller, Pledgor, Guarantor or any of their respective Affiliates;
 
(iv)           failure of Seller to make the payments required under Section 4(a) or 5(c) hereof on the date such payment is due or to make the payments required under Section 5(b)(ii) hereof if not made within one (1) Business Day of the date such payment is due;
 
(v)          failure of Seller to make any other payment owing to Buyer which has become due, whether by acceleration or otherwise, under the terms of this Agreement which failure is not remedied within the period specified herein or, if no period is specified for such payments three (3) Business Days after notice thereof to Seller from Administrative Agent;
 
(vi)          breach by Seller in the due performance or observance of any term, covenant or agreement contained in Section 11 of this Agreement;
 
(vii)        a Change of Control shall have occurred with respect to Seller, Pledgor, Guarantor or the REIT;
 
(viii)      any representation made by Seller herein or in any Transaction Document shall have been incorrect or untrue in any material respect when made or repeated or deemed to have been made or repeated; provided, that (A) as to any such incorrect or untrue representation or warranty which was unintentionally made by Seller and which is susceptible of being cured, Seller shall have a period of five (5) Business Days following written notice thereof by Administrative Agent to cure such default and if Seller shall have commenced to cure such default within such five (5) Business Day period and thereafter diligently and expeditiously proceeds to cure the same, such five (5) Business Day period shall be extended for such time as is reasonably necessary for Seller, in the exercise of due diligence, to cure such default, and in no event shall such cure period exceed thirty (30) days from Seller’s receipt of Administrative Agent’s notice of such default, (B) the representations and warranties made by Seller in Sections 10(vi) or 10(viii) hereof shall not be considered an Event of Default if incorrect or untrue in any material respect (which determination shall be made with respect to the representations and warranties in Exhibit III without regard to any knowledge qualifier therein), if Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, terminates the related Transaction and Seller repurchases the related Purchased Asset(s) on an Early Repurchase Date no later than five (5) Business Days after receiving written notice of such incorrect or untrue representation provided that if Seller shall have made any such representation with knowledge that it was materially incorrect or untrue at the time made, such cure period shall not apply, and (C) the determination with respect to the representations and warranties in Sections 10(xvi) and 10(xvii) shall be made without regard to any knowledge qualifier therein;
 
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(ix)         (A) a final judgment by any competent court in the United States of America for the payment of money in an amount greater than $250,000 shall have been rendered against Seller and remains undischarged or unpaid for a period of thirty (30) days, during which period execution of such judgment is not effectively stayed or (B) a final judgment by any competent court in the United States of America for the payment of money in an amount greater than $20,000,000 shall have been rendered against Guarantor and remains undischarged or unpaid for a period of thirty (30) days, during which period execution of such judgment is not effectively stayed;
 
(x)          (A) Seller shall have defaulted or failed to perform under any Indebtedness (other than any default or alleged default with respect to Seller’s obligations under any Purchased Asset) in excess of $250,000 or (B) Guarantor shall have defaulted or failed to perform under any Indebtedness in excess of $20,000,000; provided, however, that any such default, failure to perform or breach shall not constitute an Event of Default if Seller or Guarantor, as the case may be, cures such default, failure to perform or breach, as the case may be, within the grace period, if any, provided under the applicable agreement;
 
(xi)           if Seller shall breach or fail to perform any of the terms, covenants, obligations or conditions of this Agreement or any other Transaction Document, other than as specifically otherwise referred to in this Section 14(a), and such breach or failure to perform is susceptible of cure and is not remedied within (A)the specified cure period or (B) if no cure period is specified, five (5) Business Days after notice thereof to Seller by Administrative Agent, or its successors or assigns; provided, however, that with respect to clause (B) only, if such default is susceptible of cure but cannot reasonably be cured within such five (5) Business Day period; and provided further that Seller shall have commenced to cure such default within such five (5) Business Day period and thereafter diligently and expeditiously proceeds to cure the same, such five (5) Business Day period shall be extended for such time as is reasonably necessary for Seller, in the exercise of due diligence, to cure such default, and in no event shall such cure period exceed thirty (30) days from Seller’s receipt of Administrative Agent’s notice of such default;
 
(xii)         an Act of Insolvency shall have occurred with respect to Seller, Pledgor or Guarantor;
 
(xiii)        [reserved]; or
 
(xiv)        (A) any of the representations and warranties of Guarantor in the Guaranty or in any Financial Covenant Compliance Certificate shall have been incorrect or untrue in any material respect when made or repeated or deemed to have been made or repeated provided, that (A) as to any such incorrect or untrue representation or warranty which was unintentionally made by Guarantor and which is susceptible of being cured, Guarantor shall have a period of five (5) Business Days following written notice thereof by Administrative Agent to cure such default and if Guarantor shall have commenced to cure such default within such five (5) Business Day period and thereafter diligently and expeditiously proceeds to cure the same, such five (5) Business Day period shall be extended for such time as is reasonably necessary for Guarantor, in the exercise of due diligence, to cure such default, and in no event shall such cure period exceed thirty (30) days from Guarantor’s receipt of Administrative Agent’s notice of such default or (B) Guarantor shall breach any covenant in the Guaranty (including, without limitation, the Guarantor Financial Covenants) beyond the grace or cure period specified therein (if any), and, if no cure period is specified for the applicable breach, such breach has not been cured within five (5) Business Days after receipt of notice thereof from Administrative Agent.
 
(b)          Remedies.  If an Event of Default shall occur and be continuing, the following rights and remedies shall be available to Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer:
 
(i)           At the option of Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, exercised by written notice to Seller (which option shall be deemed to have been exercised, even if no notice is given, immediately upon the occurrence of an Act of Insolvency with respect to Seller), the Repurchase Date for each Transaction hereunder shall, if it has not already occurred, be deemed immediately to occur (the date on which such option is exercised or deemed to have been exercised, the “Accelerated Repurchase Date”) (and any Transaction for which the related Purchase Date has not yet occurred shall be canceled).
 
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(ii)           If Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, exercises or is deemed to have exercised the option referred to in Section 14(b)(i) hereof (A) Seller’s obligations hereunder to repurchase all Purchased Assets shall become immediately due and payable on and as of the Accelerated Repurchase Date, and all Income deposited in the Blocked Account shall be retained by Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, and applied to the Repurchase Obligations (and the remaining Income following application to the Repurchase Obligations, if any, shall be transferred to Seller); (B) the Repurchase Price with respect to each Transaction (determined as of the Accelerated Repurchase Date) shall include the accrued and unpaid Price Differential with respect to each Purchased Asset accrued at the Pricing Rate applicable upon an Event of Default for such Transaction;  (C) Custodian shall, upon the request of Administrative Agent (with simultaneous copy of such request to Seller), deliver to Administrative Agent all instruments, certificates and other documents then held by Custodian relating to the Purchased Assets; and (D) this Agreement shall automatically terminate, except with respect to those provisions which by their terms survive the termination of this Agreement.
 
(iii)          Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, may, after ten (10) days’ notice to Seller of its intent to take such action (provided that no such notice shall be required in the circumstances set forth in Section 9‑611(d) of the UCC), (A) immediately sell, at a public or private sale in a commercially reasonable manner and at such price or prices as Administrative Agent may deem to be satisfactory any or all of the Purchased Assets on a servicing released basis or (B) in its sole discretion elect, in lieu of selling all or a portion of such Purchased Assets, to give Seller credit for such Purchased Assets in an amount equal to the market value of such Purchased Assets against the aggregate Repurchase Obligations.  The proceeds of any disposition of Purchased Assets effected pursuant to this Section 14(b)(iii) shall be applied:  first, to the costs and expenses incurred by Administrative Agent and Buyer in connection with Seller’s default; second, to the costs of cover and/or Hedging Transactions, if any; third, to the Repurchase Price; fourth, to all other outstanding Repurchase Obligations; and fifth, the balance, if any, to Seller.  In the event that Buyer shall not have received repayment in full of the Repurchase Obligations following its liquidation of the Purchased Assets, Administrative Agent may, in its sole discretion, pursue Seller and Guarantor (to the extent provided in the Guaranty) for all or any part of any deficiency.
 
(iv)         The parties recognize that it may not be possible to purchase or sell all of the Purchased Assets on a particular Business Day, or in a transaction with the same purchaser, or in the same manner because the market for such Purchased Assets may not be liquid.  In view of the nature of the Purchased Assets, the parties agree that, to the extent permitted by applicable law, liquidation of a Transaction or the Purchased Assets shall not require a public purchase or sale and that a private purchase or sale shall be deemed to have been made in a commercially reasonable manner.  Accordingly, Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, may elect, in its sole discretion, the time and manner of liquidating any Purchased Assets, and nothing contained herein shall (A) obligate Administrative Agent to liquidate any Purchased Assets following the occurrence of an Event of Default or to liquidate all of the Purchased Assets in the same manner or on the same Business Day or (B) constitute a waiver of any right or remedy of Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer.
 
(v)          Seller shall be liable to Administrative Agent and Buyer for (A) the amount of all expenses, including reasonable legal fees and expenses of counsel, incurred by Administrative Agent and Buyer in connection with or as a consequence of an Event of Default, (B) all costs incurred in connection with covering transactions or Hedging Transactions (including short sales) or entering into replacement transactions, (C) all damages, losses, judgments, costs and other expenses of any kind that may be imposed on, incurred by or asserted against Administrative Agent or Buyer relating to or arising out of such hedging transactions or covering transactions, and (D) any other loss, damage, cost or expense directly arising or resulting from the occurrence of an Event of Default.
 
(vi)         Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, may exercise any or all of the remedies available to Administrative Agent immediately upon the occurrence of an Event of Default and at any time during the continuance thereof.  All rights and remedies arising under the Transaction Documents, as amended from time to time, are cumulative and not exclusive of any other rights or remedies that Administrative Agent may have.
 
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(vii)        Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, may enforce its rights and remedies hereunder without prior judicial process or hearing, and Seller hereby expressly waives any defenses Seller might otherwise have to require Administrative Agent or Buyer to enforce its rights by judicial process.  Seller also waives any defense Seller might otherwise have arising from the use of nonjudicial process, disposition of any or all of the Purchased Assets, or from any other election of remedies.  Seller recognizes that nonjudicial remedies are consistent with the usages of the trade, are responsive to commercial necessity and are the result of a bargain at arm’s length.
 
(viii)       Without limiting any other rights or remedies of Administrative Agent or Buyer, each of Administrative Agent and Buyer shall have the right of set‑off set forth in Section 26 hereof.
 
(ix)         Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, shall have, in addition to its rights and remedies under the Transaction Documents, all of the rights and remedies provided by applicable federal, state, foreign, and local laws (including, without limitation, if the Transactions are recharacterized as secured financings, the rights and remedies of a secured party under the UCC of the State of New York, to the extent that the UCC is applicable, and the right to offset any mutual debt and claim), in equity, and under any other agreement among Administrative Agent, Buyer and Seller, exercisable upon ten (10) days notice from Administrative Agent to Seller.  Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, Administrative Agent and Buyer shall be entitled to set off the proceeds of the liquidation of the Purchased Assets against all of Seller’s obligations to Administrative Agent, Buyer or their respective Affiliates, whether under this Agreement or under any other agreement between Seller and Administrative Agent and/or Buyer or between Seller and any Affiliate of Administrative Agent and/or Buyer, or otherwise, whether or not such obligations are then due, without prejudice to Administrative Agent’s or Buyer’s right to recover any deficiency.
 
(x)         Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, shall at any time have the right, in each case until such time as Administrative Agent determines otherwise, to retain, to suspend payment or performance of, or to decline to remit, any amount or property that Administrative Agent or Buyer would otherwise be obligated to pay, remit or deliver to Seller hereunder if a Default or an Event of Default has occurred.
 
15.
SINGLE AGREEMENT
 
Administrative Agent, Buyer and Seller acknowledge that, and have entered hereinto and will enter into each Transaction hereunder in consideration of and in reliance upon the fact that, all Transactions hereunder constitute a single business and contractual relationship and have been made in consideration of each other.  Accordingly, each of Administrative Agent, Buyer and Seller agrees to perform all of its obligations in respect of each Transaction hereunder, and that a default in the performance of any such obligations shall constitute a default by it in respect of all Transactions hereunder.
 
16.
NOTICES AND OTHER COMMUNICATIONS
 
All notices, consents, approvals and requests required or permitted hereunder shall be given in writing and shall be effective for all purposes if hand delivered or sent by (a) hand delivery, with proof of attempted delivery, (b) certified or registered United States mail, postage prepaid, (c) expedited prepaid delivery service, either commercial or United States Postal Service, with proof of attempted delivery, or (d) by email (with confirmation of receipt by the receiving party); provided that such email notice must also be delivered by one of the means set forth in clauses (a), (b) or (c) above, to the addresses specified in Annex I hereto or at such other address and person as shall be designated from time to time by any party hereto, as the case may be, in a written notice to the other parties hereto in the manner provided for in this Section 16.  A notice shall be deemed to have been given:  (i) in the case of hand delivery, at the time of delivery; (ii) in the case of registered or certified mail, when delivered or the first attempted delivery on a Business Day; (iii) in the case of expedited prepaid delivery upon the first attempted delivery on a Business Day; or (iv) in the case of email, upon receipt of confirmation or receipt; provided that such emailed notice is also delivered as required in this Section 16.  A party receiving a notice that does not comply with the technical requirements for notice under this Section 16 may elect to waive any deficiencies and treat such notice as having been properly given.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, notices pursuant to Section 4 hereof may be sent by electronic mail to the email addresses set forth on Annex I attached hereto; provided that such notice delivered by email shall be deemed to be given only upon receipt of confirmation of receipt by the receiving party.
 
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17.
NON‑ASSIGNABILITY
 
(a)          The rights and obligations of Seller under the Transaction Documents, the Hedging Transactions and under any Transaction shall not be assigned by Seller without the prior written consent of Administrative Agent.  Any attempt by Seller to assign any of its rights or obligations under this Agreement without the prior written consent of Administrative Agent shall be null and void, ab initio.
 
(b)         Buyer may at any time sell participations in up to 100% of Buyer’s rights and/or obligations under the Transaction Documents; provided that  (i)  so long as no Event of Default has occurred, Buyer shall satisfy the applicable requirements in Section 17(c) below (including, without limitation, that the proposed participant be a Qualified Assignee that is not a Competitor or an Affiliate of a Competitor), (ii) Administrative Agent’s obligations, Buyer’s obligations and Seller’s rights and obligations under the Transaction Documents shall remain unchanged, (iii) Administrative Agent shall have consented to such participation, (iv) Seller shall be entitled to deal with Administrative Agent as the exclusive representative of Buyer on all matters relating to the Transactions, this Agreement and each of the other Transaction Documents (subject to any Co-Buyer Agreement) and (v) Seller shall not be charged for, incur or be required to reimburse Administrative Agent, Buyer or any other Person for any costs or expense relating to any such participation interest or to pay or reimburse Administrative Agent or Buyer for any costs that would not have been incurred by Buyer had no participation interests in such Transactions been issued or sold.
 
(c)          Buyer may at any time sell and assign up to 100% of the rights and obligations of Buyer under the Transaction Documents, subject to the prior written consent of Administrative Agent, pursuant to an assignment and assumption agreement substantially in the form attached hereto as Exhibit VIII.  From and after the effective date of such assignment, such assignee shall be a party and, to the extent provided in such assignment and assumption agreement, have the rights and obligations of Buyer under the Transaction Documents with respect to the percentage and amount of the aggregate Purchase Price allocated to it.  Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section 17 or anything to the contrary in this Agreement, so long as no Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, (i) Buyer shall have first obtained Seller’s prior written consent to any assignment or participation of its rights and obligations under the Transaction Documents, which such consent shall not be unreasonably withheld, delayed or conditioned so long as such assignee or participant is a Qualified Assignee and not a Competitor or an Affiliate of a Competitor, (ii) Buyer shall notify Seller in writing of such assignment or participation at least ten (10) days prior to the effective date thereof, (iii) Seller shall be entitled to deal with Administrative Agent as the exclusive representative of Buyer on all matters relating to the Transactions, this Agreement and each of the other Transaction Documents (subject to any Co-Buyer Agreement) and (iv) Seller shall not be charged for, incur or be required to reimburse Administrative Agent, Buyer or any other Person for any costs or expense relating to any such assignment or to pay or reimburse Administrative Agent or Buyer for any costs that would not have been incurred by Buyer had no assignment in such Transactions been issued or sold.  Notwithstanding the foregoing the consent of Seller shall not be required in connection with the participation or assignment to a Buyer or any Affiliate of a Buyer, so long as such assignee or participant is not a Competitor.
 
(d)          As long as an Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing, Buyer may assign, participate or sell its rights and obligations under the Transaction Documents and/or any Transaction to any Person without prior notice to Seller and without regard to the limitations set forth in Section 17(b) and Section 17(c) above; provided that prior written consent of Administrative Agent shall be required.
 
(e)         Administrative Agent, acting solely for this purpose as an agent of Seller, shall maintain a copy of each assignment and a register for the recordation of the names and addresses of the assignees, and ownership rights in the Transactions, Purchased Assets or other interests (including the amount of all rights and interests held by any such Person) under this Agreement (as the same may be modified by any Co-Buyer Agreement).  The entries in such register shall be conclusive absent manifest error, and each of Seller, Administrative Agent and Buyer and their respective assignees shall treat each Person whose name is recorded in such register pursuant to the terms hereof as the beneficial owner of the interests in the Transactions, Purchased Assets or other interests under this Agreement for all purposes.  If any assignee is a non‑U.S. Person, such assignee shall timely provide Seller with such forms as may be required to establish the assignee’s status for U.S. withholding tax purposes and shall comply with Section 3(r) as if it were Buyer.  The register shall be available for inspection by Seller at any reasonable time and from time to time upon reasonable prior notice.
 
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(f)          If Buyer sells a participation, Buyer shall, acting solely for this purpose as an agent of Seller, maintain a register on which it enters the name and address of each participant and the ownership rights of each participant in the Transactions, Purchased Assets or other interests under this Agreement.  The entries in such register shall be conclusive absent manifest error, and Buyer shall treat each Person whose name is recorded in such register as the owner of such participation for all purposes of this Agreement notwithstanding any notice to the contrary.  If any participant is a non‑U.S. Person, such participant shall timely provide Seller with such forms as may be required to establish such participant’s status for U.S. withholding tax purposes and shall comply with Section 3(r) as if it were Buyer. The register shall be available for inspection by Seller at any reasonable time and from time to time upon reasonable prior notice; provided that Buyer shall have no obligation to disclose all or any portion of the register regarding participants (including the identity of any participant or any information relating to a participant's beneficial interest in this Agreement) to any Person (other than Seller) except to the extent that such disclosure is necessary to establish that such beneficial interest in this Agreement or other obligation is in registered form under Treasury Regulations Section 5f.103-1(c).
 
(g)         Subject to the foregoing, the Transaction Documents and any Transactions shall be binding upon and shall inure to the benefit of the parties and their respective successors and permitted assigns.  Nothing in the Transaction Documents, express or implied, shall give to any Person, other than the parties to the Transaction Documents and their respective successors, any benefit or any legal or equitable right, power, remedy or claim under the Transaction Documents.
 
(h)        Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, nothing in this Agreement shall prevent or prohibit Buyer from pledging its interest in the Purchased Assets hereunder to a Federal Reserve Bank or Federal Home Loan Bank in support of borrowings made by Buyer from such Federal Reserve Bank or Federal Home Loan Bank; provided, however, no such pledge shall release Buyer, as the case may be, from any of its obligations hereunder or substitute any such pledgee for Buyer, as the case may be, as a party hereto.
 
18.
GOVERNING LAW; CONSENT TO JURISDICTION; WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL; ETC.
 
(a)          This Agreement shall be governed by the laws of the State of New York without giving effect to the conflict of law principles thereof, except for Section 5‑1401 of the General Obligations Law of the State of New York.
 
(b)        Each party irrevocably and unconditionally submits to the non‑exclusive jurisdiction of any United States Federal or New York State court sitting in Manhattan, and any appellate court from any such court, solely for the purpose of any suit, action or proceeding brought to enforce its obligations under this Agreement or relating in any way to this Agreement or any Transaction under this Agreement.
 
(c)          To the extent that either party has or hereafter may acquire any immunity (sovereign or otherwise) from any legal action, suit or proceeding, from jurisdiction of any court or from set‑off or any legal process (whether service or notice, attachment prior to judgment, attachment in aid of execution of judgment, execution of judgment or otherwise) with respect to itself or any of its property, such party hereby irrevocably waives and agrees not to plead or claim such immunity in respect of any action brought to enforce its obligations under this Agreement or relating in any way to this Agreement or any Transaction under this Agreement.
 
(d)         EACH PARTY HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES, TO THE FULLEST EXTENT IT MAY EFFECTIVELY DO SO, THE DEFENSE OF AN INCONVENIENT FORUM TO THE MAINTENANCE OF SUCH ACTION OR PROCEEDING IN ANY SUCH COURT AND ANY RIGHT OF JURISDICTION ON ACCOUNT OF ITS PLACE OF RESIDENCE OR DOMICILE AND IRREVOCABLY CONSENTS TO THE SERVICE OF ANY SUMMONS AND COMPLAINT AND ANY OTHER PROCESS BY THE MAILING OF COPIES OF SUCH PROCESS TO IT AT ITS RESPECTIVE ADDRESS SPECIFIED HEREIN.  EACH PARTY HEREBY AGREES THAT A FINAL JUDGMENT IN ANY SUCH ACTION OR PROCEEDING SHALL BE CONCLUSIVE AND MAY BE ENFORCED IN OTHER JURISDICTIONS BY SUIT ON THE JUDGMENT OR IN ANY OTHER MANNER PROVIDED BY LAW.  NOTHING IN THIS SECTION 18 SHALL AFFECT THE RIGHT OF ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT OR BUYER TO SERVE LEGAL PROCESS IN ANY OTHER MANNER PERMITTED BY LAW OR AFFECT THE RIGHT OF ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT OR BUYER TO BRING ANY ACTION OR PROCEEDING AGAINST SELLER OR ITS PROPERTY IN THE COURTS OF OTHER JURISDICTIONS.
 
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(e)        EACH PARTY HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES ALL RIGHT TO A TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY ACTION, PROCEEDING OR COUNTERCLAIM ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THIS AGREEMENT, ANY OTHER TRANSACTION DOCUMENT OR ANY INSTRUMENT OR DOCUMENT DELIVERED HEREUNDER OR THEREUNDER.
 
19.
NO RELIANCE; DISCLAIMERS
 
(a)          Each party hereby acknowledges, represents and warrants to the other that, in connection with the negotiation of, the entering into, and the performance under, the Transaction Documents and each Transaction thereunder:
 
(i)           It is not relying (for purposes of making any investment decision or otherwise) upon any advice, counsel or representations (whether written or oral) of the other party to the Transaction Documents, other than the representations expressly set forth in the Transaction Documents.
 
(ii)          It has consulted with its own legal, regulatory, tax, business, investment, financial and accounting advisors to the extent that it has deemed to be necessary, and it has made its own investment, hedging and trading decisions (including decisions regarding the suitability of any Transaction) based upon its own judgment and upon any advice from such advisors as it has deemed to be necessary and not upon any view expressed by the other party.
 
(iii)         It is a sophisticated and informed Person that has a full understanding of all the terms, conditions and risks (economic and otherwise) of the Transaction Documents and each Transaction thereunder and is capable of assuming and willing to assume (financially and otherwise) those risks.
 
(iv)          It is entering into the Transaction Documents and each Transaction thereunder for the purposes of managing its borrowings or investments or hedging its underlying assets or liabilities and not for purposes of speculation.
 
(v)           It is not acting as a fiduciary or financial, investment or commodity trading advisor for the other party and has not given the other party (directly or indirectly through any other Person) any assurance, guaranty or representation whatsoever as to the merits (either legal, regulatory, tax, business, investment, financial accounting or otherwise) of the Transaction Documents or any Transaction thereunder.
 
(b)         Each determination by Administrative Agent of the market value with respect to each Purchased Asset or the communication to Seller of any information pertaining to market value under this Agreement shall be made in Administrative Agent’s sole discretion, subject to the following disclaimers:
 
(i)           Administrative Agent has assumed and relied upon, with Seller’s consent and without independent verification, the accuracy and completeness of the information provided by Seller and reviewed by Administrative Agent.  Administrative Agent has not made any independent inquiry of any aspect of the Purchased Assets or the underlying collateral.  Administrative Agent’s view is based on economic, market and other conditions as in effect on, and the information made available to Administrative Agent as of, the date of any such determination or communication of information, and such view may change at any time without prior notice to Seller.
 
(ii)          Determinations of market value and other information provided to Seller constitute a statement of Administrative Agent’s view of the value of one or more loans or other assets at a particular point in time and do not (A) constitute a bid for a particular trade, (B) indicate a willingness on the part of Administrative Agent, Buyer or any Affiliate of either of them to make such a bid, or (C) reflect a valuation for substantially similar assets at the same or another point in time, or for the same assets at another point in time.
 
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(iii)         Determinations of market value and other information provided to Seller may vary significantly from valuation determinations and other information that may be obtained from other sources.
 
(iv)         Determinations of market value and other information provided to Seller are communicated to Seller solely for its use and may not be relied upon by any other person and may not be disclosed or referred to publicly or to any third party without the prior written consent of Administrative Agent, which consent Administrative Agent may withhold or delay in its sole and absolute discretion.
 
(v)          Administrative Agent makes no representations or warranties with respect to any determination of market value or other information provided to Seller.  Neither Buyer nor Administrative Agent shall be liable for any incidental or consequential damages arising out of any inaccuracy in such valuation determinations and other information provided to Seller, including as a result of any act of gross negligence or breach of any warranty.
 
20.
[RESERVED]
 
21.
[RESERVED]
 
22.
SERVICING
 
(a)         The parties hereto agree and acknowledge that the Purchased Assets will be sold by Seller to Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, on a servicing released basis.  In furtherance of the foregoing, Seller and Administrative Agent hereby agree and confirm that from and after the date hereof, only such Servicing Agreements that have been approved by Administrative Agent shall govern the servicing of the Purchased Assets and any prior agreement between Seller and any other Person or otherwise with respect to such servicing is hereby superseded in all respects.  So long as no Event of Default is continuing, Seller may retain Servicer, on behalf of Administrative Agent, to service the Purchased Assets for the benefit of or on behalf of Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer; provided, however, that the obligation of Servicer to service any Purchased Asset for the benefit of or on behalf of Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, as aforesaid shall cease upon the repurchase of such Purchased Asset by Seller in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement or as otherwise provided in the Servicing Agreement.
 
(b)         Seller agrees that, as among Seller, Buyer and Administrative Agent, Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, is the owner of all servicing records, including but not limited to any and all servicing agreements, files, documents, records, data bases, computer tapes, copies of computer tapes, proof of insurance coverage, insurance policies, appraisals, other closing documentation, payment history records, and any other records relating to or evidencing the servicing of Purchased Assets (the “Servicing Records”) so long as the Purchased Assets are subject to this Agreement.  Seller covenants to safeguard any such Servicing Records in Seller’s possession and to deliver them promptly to Administrative Agent or its designee (including Custodian) at Administrative Agent’s request.
 
(c)        Except as expressly set forth in the Servicing Agreement, Seller shall not, and shall not provide consent to Servicer to, employ any other sub‑servicers to service the Purchased Assets without the prior written approval of Administrative Agent which approval shall be in Administrative Agent’s sole discretion.
 
(d)         To the extent required by Administrative Agent, Seller shall cause Servicer and any other sub‑servicers engaged on behalf of Administrative Agent to execute a servicer acknowledgment acknowledging interest of Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, in the Purchased Assets and the Servicing Agreement and agreeing that Servicer and any sub‑servicer (if applicable) shall deposit all Income with respect to the Purchased Assets in the Blocked Account, all in such manner as shall be reasonably acceptable to Administrative Agent.
 
(e)          To the extent applicable, Seller shall cause Servicer to permit Administrative Agent to inspect Servicer’s servicing facilities for the purpose of satisfying Administrative Agent that Servicer has the ability to service such Purchased Asset as provided in this Agreement.
 
(f)         Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, may, in its sole discretion if an Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing, sell the Purchased Assets on a servicing released basis without payment of any termination fee or any other amount to Servicer.  Upon the occurrence of an Event of Default hereunder, Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, shall have the right immediately to terminate Servicer’s right to service the Purchased Assets without payment of any penalty or termination fee.
 
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23.
TREATMENT FOR TAX PURPOSES
 
It is the intention of the parties that, for U.S. federal, state and local income and franchise tax purposes, the Transactions constitute a financing, and that Seller is, and, so long as no Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing, will continue to be, treated as the owner of the Purchased Assets for such purposes.  Unless prohibited by applicable law, Seller, Administrative Agent and Buyer agree to treat the Transactions as described in the preceding sentence on any and all filings with any U.S. federal, state or local taxing authority.
 
24.
INTENT
 
(a)          The parties intend and acknowledge that this Agreement and each Transaction (other than with respect to a Mezzanine Loan) is a “master netting agreement” as that term is defined in Section 101(38A)(A) of the Bankruptcy Code.
 
(b)          The parties intend and acknowledge that this Agreement and each Transaction (other than with respect to a Mezzanine Loan) is a “securities contract” as that term is defined in Section 741(7) of the Bankruptcy Code.
 
(c)         The parties intend and acknowledge that the grant of the security interest/pledge of the Purchased Assets and the other items collectively referred to as the Repurchase Assets in Section 6 constitutes “a security agreement or arrangement or other credit enhancement” that is “related to” this Agreement and the Transactions hereunder within the meaning of Sections 101(38A) and 741(7)(A)(xi) of the Bankruptcy Code.
 
(d)          The parties intend and acknowledge that the Guaranty is a “securities contract” as that term is defined in Section 741(7)(A)(xi) of the Bankruptcy Code.
 
(e)         The parties intend and acknowledge that any provisions hereof or in any other document, agreement or instrument that is related in any way to the servicing of the Purchased Assets shall be deemed “related to” this Agreement within the meaning of Section 741 of the Bankruptcy Code.
 
(f)          Each party hereto agrees that is shall not challenge, and hereby waives to the fullest extent available under applicable law its right to challenge, either (i) the characterization of this Agreement as a “securities contract” or a “master netting agreement” within the meaning of the Bankruptcy Code or (ii) whether any payment or transfer described in Section 24(h) below is a “margin payment,” “settlement payment” or “transfer in connection with a securities contract” as such terms are used in Bankruptcy Code Section 546(e).
 
(g)          It is understood that either party’s right to accelerate or terminate this Agreement or to liquidate Purchased Assets (other than with respect to a Mezzanine Loan) delivered to it in connection with the Transactions hereunder or to exercise any other remedies pursuant to Section 14 hereof is a contractual right to cause the acceleration, termination and/or liquidation of this Agreement as described in Sections 555 and 561 of the Bankruptcy Code.  It is further understood and agreed that either party’s rights under Sections 14 and 26 constitute (i) contractual rights (as defined in Section 555 of the Bankruptcy Code) under a security agreement or arrangement or other credit enhancement forming a part of or related to a securities contract and master netting agreement and/or (ii) contractual rights (as defined in Section 555 of the Bankruptcy Code) to offset or net out any termination value, payment amount, or other transfer obligation arising under or in connection with one or more securities contracts and master netting agreements, as described in Sections 362(b)(6), 362(b)(27) and 561 of the Bankruptcy Code.
 
(h)          The parties intend and acknowledge that any payment or transfer of property made with respect to this Agreement or any Transaction is a “margin payment,” “settlement payment” or “transfer in connection with a securities contract” as such terms are used in Bankruptcy Code Section 546(e) and defined, as applicable, in Bankruptcy Code Sections 741(5) and 741(8).
 
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(i)           The parties agree and acknowledge that if a party hereto is an “insured depository institution,” as such term is defined in the FDIA, then each Transaction hereunder is a “qualified financial contract,” as that term is defined in the FDIA and any rules, orders or policy statements thereunder (except insofar as the type of assets subject to such Transaction would render such definition inapplicable).
 
(j)           It is understood that this Agreement constitutes a “netting contract” as defined in and subject to FDICIA and each payment entitlement and payment obligation under any Transaction hereunder shall constitute a “covered contractual payment entitlement” or “covered contractual payment obligation,” respectively, as defined in and subject to FDICIA (except insofar as one or both of the parties is not a “financial institution” as that term is defined in FDICIA).
 
25.
DISCLOSURE RELATING TO CERTAIN FEDERAL PROTECTIONS
 
The parties acknowledge that they have been advised that:
 
(a)         in the case of Transactions in which one of the parties is a broker or dealer registered with the SEC under Section 15 of the 1934 Act, the Securities Investor Protection Corporation has taken the position that the provisions of the Securities Investor Protection Act of 1970 (“SIPA”) do not protect the other party with respect to any Transaction hereunder;
 
(b)          in the case of Transactions in which one of the parties is a government securities broker or a government securities dealer registered with the SEC under Section 15C of the 1934 Act, SIPA will not provide protection to the other party with respect to any Transaction hereunder;
 
(c)          in the case of Transactions in which one of the parties is a financial institution, funds held by the financial institution pursuant to a Transaction hereunder are not a deposit and therefore are not insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or the National Credit Union Share Insurance Fund, as applicable; and
 
(d)          in the case of Transactions in which one of the parties is an “insured depository institution”, as that term is defined in Section 1813(c)(2) of Title 12 of the United States Code, funds held by the financial institution pursuant to a Transaction are not a deposit and therefore are not insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, the Savings Association Insurance Fund or the Bank Insurance Fund, as applicable.
 
26.
SETOFF RIGHTS
 
Without limiting any other rights or remedies of Administrative Agent or Buyer, Administrative Agent and Buyer shall have the right, without prior notice to Seller, and any such notice being expressly waived by Seller to the extent permitted by applicable law, to set off and appropriate and apply any and all deposits (general or special, time or demand, provisional or final) in any currency, and any other obligation (including to return excess margin), credits, indebtedness, claims, securities, collateral or other property, in any currency, in each case whether direct or indirect, absolute or contingent, matured or unmatured, at any time held or owing by or due from Administrative Agent, Buyer or any Affiliate of either of them to or for the credit of the account of Seller to any obligations of Seller hereunder to Administrative Agent or Buyer.  If a sum or obligation is unascertained, Administrative Agent or Buyer, as applicable, may estimate that obligation and set off in respect of the estimate, subject to the relevant party accounting to the other when the obligation is ascertained.  This Section 26 shall be without prejudice and in addition to any right of setoff, combination of accounts, lien or other rights to which any party is at any time otherwise entitled (whether by operation of law, contract or otherwise).
 
27.
ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT; CO-BUYER AGREEMENT
 
(a)          Appointment of Administrative Agent.
 
(i)          Buyer hereby irrevocably designates and appoints Administrative Agent as the Administrative Agent of such under this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents.  Buyer irrevocably authorizes Administrative Agent, as the Administrative Agent for Buyer, to take such action on its behalf and in Administrative Agent’s designated capacity under the provisions of this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents and to exercise such powers and perform such duties as are expressly delegated to Administrative Agent by the terms of this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents, together with such other powers as are reasonably incidental thereto.  Notwithstanding any provision to the contrary elsewhere in this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents, Administrative Agent shall not have any duties or responsibilities, except those expressly set forth herein or therein, or any fiduciary relationship with Buyer or Seller, and no implied covenants, functions, responsibilities, duties, obligations or liabilities shall be read into this Agreement or any other Transaction Document or otherwise exist against Administrative Agent and in favor of Buyer or Seller.
 
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(ii)          No Buyer shall have any right to modify or waive, or consent to the departure of any party from any provision of any Transaction Document, or secure or enforce the Repurchase Obligations.  All such rights, on behalf of Administrative Agent or Buyer, shall be held and exercised solely by and at the option of Administrative Agent for the pro-rata benefit of Buyer.  Except as expressly otherwise provided in this Agreement or the other Transaction Documents, Administrative Agent shall have and may use its sole discretion with respect to exercising or refraining from exercising any discretionary rights or taking or refraining from taking any actions which Administrative Agent is expressly entitled to exercise or take under this Agreement or the other Transaction Documents, including (i) the determination if and to what extent matters or items subject to Administrative Agent’s satisfaction are acceptable or otherwise within its discretion, (ii) the making of a disbursement from the Blocked Account, and (iii) the exercise of remedies under this Agreement or any other Transaction Document, and any action so taken or not taken shall be deemed consented to by Buyer.
 
(iii)         In furtherance of the authorizations set forth in this Section 27, Buyer hereby irrevocably appoints Administrative Agent as its attorney-in-fact, with full power of substitution, for and on behalf of and in the name of Buyer (i) to enter into Transaction Documents and any amendments or modifications thereof, (ii) to take action with respect to the Transactions and Transaction Documents to transfer the Purchased Assets to Administrative Agent, on behalf of Buyer, and (iii) to execute instruments of release and terminations or to take other action necessary to release any Purchased Asset.  This power of attorney shall be liberally, not restrictively, construed so as to give the greatest latitude to Administrative Agent’s power, as attorney, under this Agreement and the Transaction Documents.  The powers and authorities herein conferred on Administrative Agent may be exercised by Administrative Agent through any Person who, at the time of the execution of a particular instrument, is an officer of Administrative Agent (or any Person acting on behalf of Administrative Agent pursuant to a valid power of attorney).  The power of attorney conferred by this Section 27 to Administrative Agent is granted for valuable consideration and is coupled with an interest and is irrevocable so long as the Transaction Documents remain in effect.
 
(b)         Ratable Share.  The liabilities of each Buyer under this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents shall be several and not joint, no Buyer shall be responsible for the obligations of any other Buyer, and each Buyer shall be liable to Seller only for its respective pro rata share of the Transactions.  Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, all indemnities by Seller and obligations for costs, expenses, damages or advances set forth herein shall run to and benefit each Buyer in accordance with its share of the Transactions.
 
(c)         Co-Buyer Agreement.  Seller hereby acknowledges and agrees that Buyer and Administrative Agent may at any time and from time to time enter into one or more Co-Buyer Agreements governing the relationship among the parties thereto.  Seller acknowledges and agrees that Administrative Agent’s discretion under this Agreement or the other Transaction Documents shall be subject to the limitations in any such Co-Buyer Agreements, including the requirement that Administrative Agent obtain approval of Buyer prior to granting certain consents or approvals or taking certain actions under this Agreement and under the other Transaction Documents.  Any Co-Buyer Agreements are intended and will be solely for the benefit of Administrative Agent and the applicable parties thereto, and Seller acknowledges and agrees that, except as expressly set forth in the Fee Letter, neither Seller, Guarantor nor any Affiliate of Seller or Guarantor shall be a third-party beneficiary (intended or otherwise) of any of the provisions therein, or have any rights thereunder or be entitled to rely on any of the provisions contained therein.  Neither Administrative Agent nor Buyer shall have any obligation to provide a copy of any Co-Buyer Agreement to Seller, Guarantor or any Affiliate of Seller or Guarantor or to disclose to Seller, Guarantor or any Affiliate of Seller or Guarantor the contents of any Co-Buyer Agreement.  The obligations of Seller, Guarantor and Pledgor under the Transaction Documents are and will be independent of any Co-Buyer Agreement and shall remain unmodified by the provisions thereof (although Seller acknowledges that with respect to certain approvals, calculations and other decisions hereunder and subject to the Fee Letter, any Co-Buyer Agreement may require Administrative Agent to consult with or receive the approval of Buyer prior to providing its own approval or determination regarding the same).
 
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(d)          Modifications to Section 27. Seller, Administrative Agent and Buyer acknowledge and agree that the provisions of Section 27(c) (other than the last sentence thereof) solely govern the relationship among Buyer and Administrative Agent and do not alter or otherwise modify the provisions of this Agreement applicable to Seller or otherwise apply to Seller. The provisions of this Section 27 (other than the last sentence of Section 27(c)) may be modified pursuant to the terms of any Co-Buyer Agreement amongst the Buyers and Administrative Agent without Seller’s consent so long as such modifications do not alter any of Seller’s rights or obligations under this Agreement or any of the other Transaction Documents or otherwise alter the economic terms of the Transactions or the Transaction Documents in any manner.
 
(e)          Successor Administrative Agents. Administrative Agent may resign as Administrative Agent under the Transaction Documents upon notice to Buyer and Seller.  If Administrative Agent shall resign or be removed by Buyer, then Buyer, with the written consent of the Seller (provided that (i) Seller’s consent to the appointment of any Buyer or any Affiliate of Buyer as Administrative Agent shall not be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed and (ii) no consent of the Seller will be required during the continuance of an Event of Default), shall appoint a successor Administrative Agent; provided that such successor Administrative Agent meets the applicable “know your customer” requirements of the Servicer and Custodian.  The term “Administrative Agent” shall mean each such successor Administrative Agent, effective upon its appointment, and the former Administrative Agent’s rights, powers and duties as Administrative Agent shall be terminated, without any other or further act or deed on the part of such former Administrative Agent or any of the parties to this Agreement or any of the Transaction Documents or successors thereto.  After any retiring Administrative Agent’s resignation or removal hereunder as Administrative Agent, the provisions of the Transaction Documents shall inure to its benefit as to any actions taken or omitted to be taken by it while it was an Administrative Agent under the Transaction Documents.  In no event shall there be more than one Administrative Agent hereunder.
 
28.
MISCELLANEOUS
 
(a)          Confidentiality. The Transaction Documents and their respective terms, provisions, supplements and amendments, and transactions and notices thereunder, are proprietary to each of the Administrative Agent, Seller and Buyer (each, a “Party” and collectively, the “Parties”) and shall be held by each Party in strict confidence and shall not be disclosed by a Party to any third party without the consent of the other Party except for (i) disclosure by a Party to its Affiliates, directors, attorneys, agents or accountants (the “Representatives”); provided that such Party shall (A) inform each of its Representatives receiving any Transaction Documents of the confidential nature of the Transaction Documents, (B) direct its Representatives to treat the Transaction Documents confidentially, and (C) be responsible for any improper use of the Transaction Documents by Seller or its Representatives or (ii) upon prior written notice to the other Party (if permitted by law), disclosure required by law, rule, regulation or order of a court or other regulatory body or (iii) upon prior written notice to the other Party, disclosure to any Approved Hedge Counterparty to the extent necessary to obtain any Hedging Transaction hereunder or (iv) any disclosures or filing required under SEC or state securities’ laws; provided that, in the case of disclosure by any Party pursuant to the foregoing clause (ii) and (iv), such Party shall, to the extent permitted by law, provide the other Party with prior written notice to permit the other Party to seek a protective order or take other appropriate action; provided  further that, in the case of clause (iv), such party shall not file any of the Transaction Documents other than this Agreement with the SEC or state securities office unless such Party shall have provided at least thirty (30) days (or such lesser time as may be demanded by the SEC or state securities office) prior written notice of such filing to the other Party.  In furtherance of the foregoing, each Party shall use its commercially reasonable efforts to cooperate in the other Party’s efforts to obtain a protective order or other reasonable assurance that confidential treatment will be accorded the Transaction Documents.  If, in the absence of a protective order, a Party or any of its Representatives is compelled as a matter of law to disclose any such information, such Party may disclose to the person compelling disclosure only the part of the Transaction Documents as is requested or required by law to be disclosed and such Party shall use its commercially reasonable efforts to obtain confidential treatment therefor.  Each Party acknowledges that this Agreement may be filed with the SEC; provided that the filing Party shall redact any pricing and other confidential provisions, including, without limitation, the amount of any fees payable by Seller in accordance with the Transaction Documents, Applicable Spread, Maximum Purchase Price Percentage and Purchase Price Percentage from such filed copy of this Agreement.  Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, Administrative Agent, Buyer and their respective Representatives may disclose any Confidential Information, without notice to the Seller, to any governmental agency, regulatory authority or self-regulatory authority (including, without limitation, bank and securities examiners) having or claiming to have authority to regulate or oversee any aspect of its business or that of its respective Representatives in connection with the exercise of such authority or claimed authority.
 
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(b)         Compliance with the GLB Act. Seller shall, with respect to all Purchased Assets, comply with the applicable provisions of the Gramm‑Leach‑Bliley Act of 1999 (the “GLB Act”) and any applicable state and local privacy laws pursuant to the GLB Act for financial institutions and applicable state and local privacy laws.  Seller agrees to hold Administrative Agent, Buyer and their respective Affiliates and each of its officers, directors and employees (each, a “GLB Indemnified Party”) harmless from and indemnify any GLB Indemnified Party against all liabilities, losses, damages, judgments, costs and expenses of any kind which may be imposed on, incurred by or asserted against such GLB Indemnified Party relating to or arising out of Seller’s violation of the GLB Act or any applicable state or local privacy laws with respect to the Purchased Assets.
 
(c)         Waiver. No express or implied waiver of any Event of Default by Administrative Agent or Buyer shall constitute a waiver of any other Event of Default and no exercise of any remedy hereunder by Administrative Agent or Buyer shall constitute a waiver of its right to exercise any other remedy hereunder.  No modification or waiver of any provision of this Agreement and no consent by any party to a departure here from shall be effective unless and until such shall be in writing and duly executed by Administrative Agent and Seller (subject to Section 27(d)).
 
(d)          Time of the Essence. Time is of the essence under the Transaction Documents and all Transactions thereunder, and all references to a time shall mean New York time in effect on the date of the action unless otherwise expressly stated in the Transaction Documents.
 
(e)          Rights Cumulative. All rights, remedies and powers of Administrative Agent and Buyer hereunder and in connection herewith are irrevocable and cumulative, and not alternative or exclusive, and shall be in addition to all other rights, remedies and powers of Administrative Agent and Buyer whether under law, equity or agreement.  In addition to the rights and remedies granted to it in this Agreement to the extent applicable, Administrative Agent shall have all rights and remedies of a secured party under the UCC and any other applicable law.
 
(f)          Counterparts. The Transaction Documents may be executed in any number of counterparts, each of which when so executed and delivered shall be an original, but all of which shall together constitute one and the same instrument.  Any counterpart delivered by pdf or other electronic means shall have the same import and effect as original counterparts and shall be valid, enforceable and binding for the purposes of the applicable Transaction Document.
 
(g)          Headings. The headings in the Transaction Documents are for convenience of reference only and shall not affect the interpretation or construction of the Transaction Documents.
 
(h)         Interpretation. Each provision of this Agreement shall be interpreted in such manner as to be effective and valid under applicable law, but if any provision of this Agreement shall be prohibited by or be invalid under such law, such provision shall be ineffective to the extent of such prohibition or invalidity, without invalidating the remainder of such provision or the remaining provisions of this Agreement.
 
(i)           Integration. This Agreement, the Fee Letter and the Confirmation contains a final and complete integration of all prior expressions by the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof and thereof and shall constitute the entire agreement among the parties with respect to such subject matter, superseding all prior oral or written understandings.
 
(j)           Binding Effect. Each party understands that this Agreement is a legally binding agreement that may affect such party’s rights.  Each party represents to the other that such party has received legal advice from counsel of its choice regarding the meaning and legal significance of this Agreement and that it is satisfied with its legal counsel and the advice received from it.
 
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(k)         Interpretation. Should any provision of this Agreement require judicial interpretation, it is agreed that a court interpreting or construing the same shall not apply a presumption that the terms hereof shall be more strictly construed against any Person by reason of the rule of construction that a document is to be construed more strictly against the Person who itself or through its agent prepared the same, it being agreed that all parties have participated in the preparation of this Agreement.
 
(l)           Construction. Unless the context otherwise requires, whenever the words “including”, “include”, or “includes” are used herein, they shall be deemed to be followed by the phrase “without limitation”.
 
(m)        Waiver of Damages. Administrative Agent, Seller and Buyer each agree that it shall not assert any claims against the other for special, indirect, consequential or punitive damages for the actual use or purported use of proceeds hereunder.
 
[SIGNATURES COMMENCE ON THE NEXT PAGE]

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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have executed this Agreement as of the date first above written.
 
 
ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT:
     
 
MORGAN STANLEY CAPITAL HOLDINGS LLC, a New York limited liability company, as Administrative Agent on behalf of Buyer
     
  By:
/s/ Vanessa Vanacker
   
Name: Vanessa Vanacker
   
Title:   Authorized Signatory
     
 
BUYER:
     
 
MORGAN STANLEY BANK, N.A.,
a national banking association
     
  By:
/s/ Anthony Preisano
   
Name: Anthony Preisano
   
Title:   Authorized Signatory
     
 
SELLER:
     
 
KREF LENDING V LLC,
a Delaware limited liability company
     
  By:
/s/ Patrick Mattson
   
Name: Patrick Mattson
   
Title: Authorized Signatory





Exhibit 10.2

GUARANTY AGREEMENT
THIS GUARANTY AGREEMENT, dated as of June 27, 2019 (as amended, restated, supplemented, or otherwise modified from time to time, this “Guaranty”), made by KKR REAL ESTATE FINANCE HOLDINGS L.P., a Delaware limited partnership (“Guarantor”), in favor of MORGAN STANLEY MORTGAGE CAPITAL HOLDINGS LLC, as administrative agent (“Administrative Agent”) for the benefit of MORGAN STANLEY BANK, N.A., as buyer (together with its permitted successors and assigns, individually or collectively as the context may require, “Buyer”). Any capitalized term utilized herein shall have the meaning as specified in the Repurchase Agreement (as defined below), unless such term is otherwise specifically defined herein.
W I T N E S S E T H :
WHEREAS, Administrative Agent, Buyer and KREF Lending V LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“Seller”), entered into that certain Master Repurchase and Securities Contract Agreement dated as of the date hereof (as the same may be amended, modified and/or restated, the “Repurchase Agreement”);
WHEREAS, Guarantor directly or indirectly owns 100% of the membership interests in Seller, and Guarantor will derive benefits, directly and indirectly, from the execution, delivery and performance by Seller of the Transaction Documents and the transactions contemplated by the Repurchase Agreement; and
WHEREAS, it is a condition precedent to the Repurchase Agreement and the consummation of the Transactions thereunder that Guarantor execute and deliver this Guaranty to Administrative Agent for the benefit of Buyer.
NOW, THEREFORE, for good and valuable consideration, the receipt and legal sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, Guarantor does hereby agree as follows:
Article I

NATURE AND SCOPE OF GUARANTY
1.1    Guaranty of Obligations. Subject to the terms hereof, Guarantor hereby irrevocably and unconditionally guarantees to Administrative Agent, for the benefit of the Buyer, and its permitted successors and assigns as a primary obligor the payment and performance of the Guaranteed Obligations (as herein defined) as and when the same shall be due and payable.
1.2    Definition of Guaranteed Obligations. As used herein, the term “Guaranteed Obligations” means:
(a)    the prompt and complete payment of the Repurchase Obligations; provided, however, the aggregate sum of the Guaranteed Obligations paid by Guarantor under this Section 1.2(a) shall not exceed an amount equal to 25% of the then aggregate Repurchase Price under the Repurchase Agreement; provided, further, that notwithstanding the foregoing or anything to the contrary herein, if Administrative Agent asserts that an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing then, upon payment by Guarantor to Administrative Agent of an amount equal to 25% of the then aggregate Repurchase Price accompanied by written confirmation from Guarantor and Seller agreeing that upon delivery of such payment to Administrative Agent, all Transactions shall be terminated and there shall thereafter be no further Transactions under the Repurchase Agreement, Guarantor shall have no further liability or obligation under this Section 1.2(a);
(b)    any actual loss, damage, cost or expense incurred by Administrative Agent (including attorneys’ fees and costs reasonably incurred) resulting from any of the following:
(1) any fraud or intentional misrepresentation committed by Seller, Pledgor, Guarantor or any Affiliate of Seller, Pledgor or Guarantor in connection with the execution and delivery of this Guaranty, the Repurchase Agreement, the Pledge and Security Agreement or any of the other Transaction Documents, or any certificate, report, financial statement or other instrument or document furnished to Administrative Agent at the time of the closing of the Repurchase Agreement or during the term of the Repurchase Agreement;
(1) the misappropriation by Seller, Pledgor, Guarantor or any Affiliate of Seller, Pledgor or Guarantor of any funds related to the Purchased Assets and not applied in accordance with the Repurchase Agreement;
(1) (1) the creation or incurrence of any lien by Seller, Pledgor, Guarantor or any Affiliate of Seller, Pledgor or Guarantor on (1) any Purchased Asset unless permitted under the Repurchase Agreement or (2) any “Collateral” (as defined in the Pledge and Security Agreement) (the “Pledge Collateral”) unless permitted under the Pledge and Security Agreement, (1) any Change of Control prohibited by the Repurchase Agreement, (1) any transfer, assignment or sale of (1) any Purchased Asset in violation of the Repurchase Agreement or (2) any Pledge Collateral in violation of the Pledge and Security Agreement, (D) any Significant Modification to a Purchased Asset that is intentionally effectuated by Seller or its Affiliate in violation of the provisions of the Repurchase Agreement or (E) the material breach of any material separateness covenants contained in the Repurchase Agreement;
(1) during the continuance of an Event of Default, any distribution by Seller to its equityholders in violation of the Repurchase Agreement and, in the case of such a violation, only to the extent of such distribution; or
(1) any breach by Guarantor of Sections 4.4, 4.6 or 4.10 of this Guaranty; and
(c)    any and all Repurchase Obligations in the event that Seller makes a voluntary filing under the Bankruptcy Code or similar federal or state law, or Seller, Guarantor or any Affiliate of Seller or Guarantor joins or colludes in the filing of an involuntary filing against Seller under the Bankruptcy Code or other similar federal or state law.
For the avoidance of doubt, Guarantor shall not have any liability to Administrative Agent under this Guaranty other than for the Guaranteed Obligations.
1.3    Nature of Guaranty. This Guaranty is an irrevocable, absolute, continuing guarantee of payment and performance and not a guaranty of collection. This Guaranty may not be revoked by Guarantor and shall continue to be effective with respect to any Guaranteed Obligations arising or created after any attempted revocation by Guarantor. This Guaranty may be enforced by Administrative Agent and any subsequent assignee of Administrative Agent under the Repurchase Agreement and shall not be discharged by the assignment or negotiation of all or part thereof.
1.4    Guaranteed Obligations Not Reduced by Offset. The Guaranteed Obligations and the liabilities and obligations of Guarantor to Administrative Agent hereunder shall not be reduced, discharged or released because or by reason of any existing or future offset, claim or defense of Seller, or any other party, against Administrative Agent or against payment of the Guaranteed Obligations, other than payment of the Guaranteed Obligations, whether such offset, claim or defense arises in connection with the Guaranteed Obligations (or the transactions creating the Guaranteed Obligations) or otherwise.
1.5    Payment by Guarantor. If all or any part of the Guaranteed Obligations shall not be punctually paid, whether on demand, maturity, acceleration or otherwise, Guarantor shall, within ten (10) Business Days after demand by Administrative Agent, and without presentment, protest, notice of protest, notice of non-payment, notice of intention to accelerate the maturity, notice of acceleration of the maturity, or any other notice whatsoever, pay in lawful money of the United States of America, the amount then due on the Guaranteed Obligations to Administrative Agent at Administrative Agent’s address as set forth herein. Such demand(s) may be made at any time coincident with or after the time for payment of all or any part of the Guaranteed Obligations pursuant to the Repurchase Agreement. Such demand shall be deemed made, given and received in accordance with Section 6.2 hereof.
1.6    No Duty to Pursue Others. It shall not be necessary for Administrative Agent (and Guarantor hereby waives any rights which Guarantor may have to require Administrative Agent) in order to enforce the obligations of Guarantor hereunder, to (a) institute suit or exhaust its remedies against Seller or others liable on the Guaranteed Obligations, (a) enforce or exhaust Administrative Agent’s rights against any collateral which shall ever have been given to secure the Guaranteed Obligations (a) join Seller or any others liable on the Guaranteed Obligations in any action seeking to enforce this Guaranty, or (a) resort to any other means of obtaining payment of the Guaranteed Obligations, and Administrative Agent shall not be required to mitigate damages or take any other action to collect or enforce the Guaranteed Obligations.
1.7    Waivers. Guarantor agrees to the provisions of the Transaction Documents, and hereby waives notice of (1) any loans or advances made by Buyer to Seller or any purchases of Purchased Assets made by Buyer, from Seller, (1) acceptance of this Guaranty, (1) any amendment or extension of the Repurchase Agreement or of any other Transaction Documents, (1) the execution and delivery by Seller, Administrative Agent and Buyer of any other agreement or of Seller’s execution and delivery of any other documents arising under the Transaction Documents or in connection with the Guaranteed Obligations, (1) the occurrence of any breach by Seller or an Event of Default under the Transaction Documents, (1) Administrative Agent’s or Buyer’s transfer or disposition of the Transaction Documents, or any part thereof, (1) sale or foreclosure (or posting or advertising for sale or foreclosure) of any collateral for the Guaranteed Obligations, (1) protest, proof of non-payment or default by Seller, or (1) any other action at any time taken or omitted by Administrative Agent, and, generally, except to the extent required by the terms hereof, all other demands and notices of every kind in connection with this Guaranty, the Transaction Documents, any documents or agreements evidencing, securing or relating to all or any part of the Guaranteed Obligations.
1.8    Payment of Expenses. In the event that Guarantor should breach or fail to timely perform any provisions of this Guaranty, Guarantor shall, within five (5) Business Days after demand by Administrative Agent, pay Administrative Agent all reasonable out-of-pocket costs and expenses (including court costs and reasonable attorneys’ fees) incurred by Administrative Agent in the enforcement hereof or the preservation of Administrative Agent’s rights hereunder. The covenant contained in this Section 1.8 shall survive the payment and performance of the Guaranteed Obligations.
1.9    Effect of Bankruptcy. In the event that, pursuant to any insolvency, bankruptcy, reorganization, receivership or other debtor relief law, or any judgment, order or decision thereunder, Administrative Agent must rescind or restore any payment, or any part thereof, received by Administrative Agent in satisfaction of the Guaranteed Obligations, as set forth herein, any prior release or discharge from the terms of this Guaranty given to Guarantor by Administrative Agent shall be without effect, and this Guaranty shall remain in full force and effect. It is the intention of Seller and Guarantor that Guarantor’s obligations hereunder shall not be discharged except by Seller’s or Guarantor’s payment and performance of the Guaranteed Obligations which is not so rescinded or Guarantor’s performance of such obligations and then only to the extent of such performance.
1.10    Deferral of Subrogation, Reimbursement and Contribution. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Guaranty, Guarantor hereby unconditionally and irrevocably defers until payment in full of the Guaranteed Obligations any and all rights it may now or hereafter have under any agreement, at law or in equity (including, without limitation, any law subrogating Guarantor to the rights of Administrative Agent), to assert any claim against or seek contribution, indemnification or any other form of reimbursement from Seller or any other party liable for payment of all or any part of the Guaranteed Obligations for any payment made by Guarantor under or in connection with this Guaranty.
1.11    Setoff Rights. Without limiting any other rights or remedies of Administrative Agent, Administrative Agent shall have the right, without prior notice to Guarantor, and any such notice being expressly waived by Guarantor to the extent permitted by applicable law, to set off and appropriate and apply any and all deposits (general or special, time or demand, provisional or final) in any currency, and any other obligation (including to return excess margin), credits, indebtedness, claims, securities, collateral or other property, in any currency, in each case whether direct or indirect, absolute or contingent, matured or unmatured, at any time held or owing by or due from Administrative Agent or any Affiliate of Administrative Agent to or for the credit of the account of Seller or Guarantor to any obligations of Guarantor hereunder to Administrative Agent. This Section 1.11 shall be without prejudice and in addition to any right of set-off, combination of accounts, lien or other rights to which any party is at any time otherwise entitled (whether by operation of law, contract or otherwise).
1.12    Seller. The term “Seller” as used herein shall include any new or successor corporation, limited liability company, association, partnership (general or limited), joint venture, trust or other individual or organization formed as a result of any merger, reorganization, sale, transfer, devise, gift or bequest of Seller or any interest in Seller.
ARTICLE II    

EVENTS AND CIRCUMSTANCES NOT REDUCING

OR DISCHARGING GUARANTOR’S OBLIGATIONS
Guarantor hereby consents and agrees to each of the following, and agrees with Administrative Agent that its obligations under this Guaranty shall not be released, diminished, impaired, reduced or adversely affected by any of the following, except to the extent required by the terms hereof, and waives any common law, equitable, statutory or other rights (including without limitation, except to the extent required by the terms of this Guaranty, rights to notice) which Guarantor might otherwise have as a result of or in connection with any of the following:
2.1    Modifications. Any renewal, extension, increase, modification, alteration or rearrangement of all or any part of the Repurchase Agreement, the other Transaction Documents or any other document, instrument, contract or understanding between Seller and Administrative Agent or Buyer or any other party pertaining to the Guaranteed Obligations or any failure of Administrative Agent or Buyer to notify Guarantor of any such action.
2.2    Adjustment. Any adjustment, indulgence, forbearance or compromise that might be granted or given by Administrative Agent to Seller.
2.3    Condition of Seller or Guarantor. The insolvency, bankruptcy, arrangement, adjustment, composition, liquidation, disability, dissolution or lack of power of Seller, Guarantor or any other party at any time liable for (1) the payment of all or any part of the Guaranteed Obligations (1) any dissolution of Seller or Guarantor, (1) any sale, lease or transfer of any or all of the assets of Seller or Guarantor, (1) any changes in the shareholders, partners or members of Seller or Guarantor; or (1) any reorganization of Seller or Guarantor.
2.4    Invalidity of Guaranteed Obligations. The invalidity, illegality or unenforceability against Seller of all or any part of the Repurchase Agreement or any document or agreement executed in connection with the Guaranteed Obligations, for any reason whatsoever, including, without limitation, the fact that (1) the act of creating the Guaranteed Obligations or any part thereof is ultra vires, (1) the officers or representatives executing the Repurchase Agreement or the other Transaction Documents or otherwise creating the Guaranteed Obligations acted in excess of their authority, (1) Seller has valid defenses (other than payment of the Guaranteed Obligations), claims or offsets (whether at law, in equity or by agreement) which render the Guaranteed Obligations wholly or partially uncollectible from Seller, (1) the creation, performance or repayment of the Guaranteed Obligations (or the execution, delivery and performance of any document or instrument representing part of the Guaranteed Obligations or executed in connection with the Guaranteed Obligations, or given to secure the repayment of the Guaranteed Obligations) is illegal, uncollectible or unenforceable, or (1) the Repurchase Agreement, or any of the other Transaction Documents have been forged or otherwise are irregular or not genuine or authentic, it being agreed that Guarantor shall remain liable hereon regardless of whether Seller or any other person be found not liable on the Guaranteed Obligations, or any part thereof, for any reason.
2.5    Release of Obligors. Any full or partial release of the liability of Seller on the Guaranteed Obligations, or any part thereof, or of any co-guarantors, or any other person or entity now or hereafter liable, whether directly or indirectly, jointly, severally, or jointly and severally, to pay, perform, guarantee or assure the payment of the Guaranteed Obligations, or any part thereof; it being recognized, acknowledged and agreed by Guarantor that Guarantor may be required to pay the Guaranteed Obligations in full without assistance or support of any other party, and Guarantor has not been induced to enter into this Guaranty on the basis of a contemplation, belief, understanding or agreement, as between Administrative Agent, Buyer and Guarantor, that other parties will be liable to pay or perform the Guaranteed Obligations, or that Administrative Agent will look to other parties to pay or perform the obligations of Seller under the Repurchase Agreement or the other Transaction Documents.
2.6    Other Collateral. The taking or accepting of any other security, collateral or guarantee, or other assurance of payment, for all or any part of the Guaranteed Obligations.
2.7    Release of Collateral. Any release, surrender, exchange, subordination, deterioration, waste, loss or impairment (including without limitation negligent, willful, unreasonable or unjustifiable impairment) by any party other than Administrative Agent or Buyer of any collateral, property or security at any time existing in connection with, or assuring or securing payment of, all or any part of the Guaranteed Obligations.
2.8    Care and Diligence. The failure of Administrative Agent, Buyer or any other party to exercise diligence or reasonable care in the preservation, protection, enforcement, sale or other handling or treatment of any collateral, property or security assuring or securing payment of the Guaranteed Obligations, including, but not limited to, the neglect, delay, omission, failure or refusal of Administrative Agent to (1) take or prosecute any action for the collection of the Guaranteed Obligations or any part thereof, (1) foreclose, initiate any action to foreclose or, once commenced, prosecute to completion any action to foreclose upon any such collateral, property or security or (1) take or prosecute any action in connection with any instrument or agreement evidencing or securing all or any part of the Guaranteed Obligations.
2.9    Unenforceability. The fact that any collateral, security, security interest or lien contemplated or intended to be given, created or granted as security for the repayment of the Guaranteed Obligations, or any part thereof, shall not be properly perfected or created, or shall prove to be unenforceable or subordinate to any other security interest or lien, it being recognized and agreed by Guarantor that it is not entering into this Guaranty in reliance on, or in contemplation of the benefits of, the validity, enforceability, collectability or value of any of the collateral for the Guaranteed Obligations.
2.10    Merger. The reorganization, merger or consolidation of Seller into or with any other corporation or entity.
2.11    Preference. Any payment by Seller to Administrative Agent is held to constitute a preference under bankruptcy laws, or for any reason Administrative is required to refund such payment or pay such amount to Seller or someone else.
2.12    Other Actions Taken or Omitted. Except to the extent the same shall result from the gross negligence, willful misconduct, bad faith, illegal acts or fraud of Administrative Agent or Buyer, any other action taken or omitted to be taken with respect to the Transaction Documents, the Guaranteed Obligations, or the security and collateral therefor, whether or not such action or omission prejudices Guarantor or increases the likelihood that Guarantor will be required to pay the Guaranteed Obligations pursuant to the terms hereof, it is the unambiguous and unequivocal intention of Guarantor that Guarantor shall be obligated to pay the Guaranteed Obligations when due, notwithstanding any occurrence, circumstance, event, action, or omission whatsoever, whether contemplated or uncontemplated, and whether or not otherwise or particularly described herein, which obligation shall be deemed satisfied only upon the full and final payment and satisfaction of the Guaranteed Obligations.
ARTICLE III    

REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES
To induce Administrative Agent and Buyer to enter into the Transaction Documents, Guarantor represents and warrants to Administrative Agent for the benefit of Buyer as of the date hereof and at all times while the Repurchase Agreement and any Transaction thereunder is in effect as follows:
3.1    Benefit. Guarantor has received, or will receive, indirect benefit from the execution, delivery and performance by Seller of the Transaction Documents, and the transactions contemplated therein.
3.2    Familiarity and Reliance. Guarantor is familiar with, and has independently reviewed books and records regarding, the financial condition of Seller and is familiar with the value of any and all collateral intended to be pledged as security for the payment of the Guaranteed Obligations; provided, however, that, as between Administrative Agent, Buyer and Guarantor, Guarantor is not relying on such financial condition or the collateral as an inducement to enter into this Guaranty.
3.3    No Representation By Administrative Agent or Buyer. None of Administrative Agent, Buyer or any other party on Buyer’s behalf has made any representation, warranty or statement to Guarantor in order to induce Guarantor to execute this Guaranty.
3.4    Guarantor’s Financial Condition. As of the date hereof, and after giving effect to this Guaranty and the contingent obligation evidenced hereby, Guarantor is and will be solvent, and has and will have assets which, fairly valued, exceed its obligations, liabilities (including contingent liabilities fairly estimated) and debts, and has and will have property and assets sufficient to satisfy and repay its obligations and liabilities, as and when the same become due.
3.5    Legality. The execution, delivery and performance by Guarantor of this Guaranty and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereunder do not, and will not, contravene or conflict with any law, statute or regulation whatsoever to which Guarantor is subject or constitute a default (or an event which with notice or lapse of time or both would constitute a default) under, or result in the breach of, any material indenture, mortgage, deed of trust, charge, lien, or any material contract, agreement or other instrument to which Guarantor is a party or which may be applicable to Guarantor. This Guaranty is a legal and binding obligation of Guarantor and is enforceable in accordance with its terms, except as limited by bankruptcy, insolvency or other laws of general application relating to the enforcement of creditors’ rights and subject, as to enforceability, to general principals of equity, regardless whether enforcement is sought in a proceeding in equity or at law.
3.6    Survival. All representations and warranties made by Guarantor herein shall survive until payment in full of the Guaranteed Obligations.
3.7    Organization. Guarantor has been duly organized or formed and is validly existing and in good standing with requisite limited partnership power and authority to own its properties and to transact the businesses in which it is now engaged. Guarantor is duly qualified to do business and is in good standing in each jurisdiction where it is required to be so qualified in connection with its properties, businesses and operations except where the failure to do same would not reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect thereon. Guarantor possesses all rights, licenses, permits and authorizations, governmental or otherwise, necessary to entitle it to own its properties and to transact the businesses in which it is now engaged, except where the failure to do same would not reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect thereon.
3.8    No Investment Company. Guarantor is not an “investment company”, or a company “controlled by an investment company”, within the meaning of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.
3.9    Tax Returns. Except as disclosed in writing to Administrative Agent prior to the date hereof, Guarantor has filed or caused to be filed all income and other material tax returns which, to the knowledge of Guarantor, are required to be filed and has paid all income and other material taxes shown to be due and payable on said returns or on any assessments made against Guarantor or any of the property of Guarantor and all other income and material taxes, fees or other charges imposed on him or any of the property of Guarantor by any Governmental Authority (other than any the amount or validity of which are currently being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings); no tax lien has been filed, and, to the knowledge of Guarantor, no claim is being asserted, with respect to any such tax, fee or other charge.
3.10    Litigation. No litigation, investigation or proceeding of or before any arbitrator or Governmental Authority is pending or, to the knowledge of Guarantor, threatened by or against Guarantor or against any of the properties or revenues of Guarantor with respect to this Guaranty or any of the transactions contemplated hereby that is reasonably likely to have a Material Adverse Effect.
3.11    Insider. As of the date hereof, Guarantor is not an “executive officer”, “director”, or “person who directly or indirectly or acting through or in concert with one or more persons owns, controls, or has the power to vote more than 10% of any class of voting securities” (as those terms are defined in 12 U.S.C. § 375(b) or in regulations promulgated pursuant thereto) of Buyer or Administrative Agent, of a bank holding company of which Buyer or Administrative Agent is a Subsidiary, or of any Subsidiary of a bank holding company of which Buyer or Administrative Agent is a Subsidiary, of any bank at which Buyer or Administrative Agent maintains a correspondent account or of any lender which maintains a correspondent account with Buyer or Administrative Agent.
ARTICLE IV    

COVENANTS OF GUARANTOR
Guarantor covenants to, and agrees that, until payment in full of all Guaranteed Obligations:
4.1    Financial Statements, Reports, etc. Guarantor shall deliver (or cause to be delivered) to Administrative Agent:
(a)    as soon as available and in any event within forty-five (45) days after the end of each of the first three quarterly fiscal periods of each fiscal year of Guarantor, the unaudited balance sheet and income statement of Guarantor, which shall incorporate its consolidated Subsidiaries (including Pledgor and Seller), as at the end of such period, setting forth in each case in comparative form the figures for the previous year, accompanied by an Officer’s Certificate of Guarantor, which certificate shall state that said consolidated financial statements fairly present the consolidated financial condition and results of operations of Guarantor and its consolidated Subsidiaries in accordance with GAAP, consistently applied, as at the end of, and for, such period (subject to normal year-end audit adjustments) (collectively, the “Quarterly Report”);
(b)    as soon as available and in any event within one hundred twenty (120) days after the end of each fiscal year of Guarantor:
(i)    the unaudited, balance sheet and income statement of Guarantor, which shall incorporate its consolidated Subsidiaries as at the end of such fiscal year, accompanied by an Officer’s Certificate of Guarantor, which certificate shall state that said consolidated financial statements fairly present the consolidated financial condition and results of operations of Guarantor and its consolidated Subsidiaries in accordance with GAAP, consistently applied, as at the end of, and for, such period (collectively, “Guarantor Annual Reporting”);
(ii)    the combined, consolidated balance sheet and statement of equity of REIT, which shall incorporate its consolidated Subsidiaries, as at the end of such fiscal year and the related combined, consolidated statements of operations and of cash flows for REIT, which shall incorporate its consolidated Subsidiaries, for such year, accompanied by an opinion thereon of Deloitte Consulting LLP or other independent certified public accountants of recognized national standing, which opinion shall not be qualified as to scope of audit or going concern and shall state that said combined, consolidated financial statements fairly present the combined, consolidated financial condition and results of operations of REIT and its consolidated Subsidiaries as at the end of, and for, such fiscal year in accordance with GAAP (collectively, “REIT Annual Reporting”, and together with Guarantor Annual Reporting, the “Annual Reporting Package”);
4.2    Litigation. Guarantor will promptly, and in any event within ten (10) days after service of process on any of the following, give to Administrative Agent notice of all litigation, actions, suits, arbitrations, investigations (including, without limitation, any of the foregoing which are pending or threatened) or other legal or arbitrable proceedings affecting Guarantor or any of its Subsidiaries before any Governmental Authority that (1) questions or challenges the validity or enforceability of this Guaranty or any action to be taken in connection with the transactions contemplated hereby, (1) makes a claim or claims against Guarantor in an aggregate amount greater than $20,000,000 or (1) which, individually or in the aggregate, if adversely determined could be reasonably likely to have a Material Adverse Effect.
4.3    Existence, etc. Pursuant to the Transaction Documents, Guarantor will (1) preserve and maintain its legal existence and all of its material rights, privileges, licenses and franchises; (1) comply in all material respects with the requirements of applicable laws, rules, regulations and orders of Governmental Authorities (including, without limitation, all environmental laws); (1) keep adequate records and books of account, in which complete entries will be made in accordance with GAAP consistently applied; (1) not change its jurisdiction of organization unless it shall have provided Administrative Agent at least ten (10) days’ prior written notice of such change; and (1) pay and discharge all income and other material taxes, assessments and governmental charges or levies imposed on it or on its income or profits or on any of its property prior to the date on which penalties attach thereto, except for any such tax, assessment, charge or levy the payment of which is being contested in good faith and by proper proceedings and against which adequate reserves are being maintained.
4.4    Prohibition of Fundamental Changes. Except as permitted pursuant to the terms of the Transaction Documents, Guarantor shall not enter into any transaction that would be a Change of Control, or liquidate, wind up or dissolve itself (or suffer any liquidation, winding up or dissolution) or sell all or substantially all of its assets.
4.5    [Reserved].
4.6    [Reserved].
4.7    Financial Covenants. (a) Guarantor (including its consolidated Subsidiaries) covenants and agrees that it shall not:
(i)    permit the ratio of (A) Interest Income (excluding deferred interest and the amortized portion of any upfront fees) for the period of four (4) consecutive fiscal quarters ended on or most recently prior to such date of determination to (B) the Interest Expense to be less than 1.50 to 1.00, as determined as soon as practicable after the end of such period, but in no event later than forty-five (45) days after the last day of such period;
(ii)    permit the Tangible Net Worth of Guarantor to be less than the sum of (i) $880,208,000 plus (ii) 75% of the aggregate net cash proceeds of any equity issuances made and any capital contributions received by Guarantor after the date hereof;
(iii)    permit the Cash Liquidity of Guarantor to be less than the greater of (x) $10,000,000 and (B) 5.0% of the recourse Indebtedness of Guarantor; or
(iv)    permit the ratio of Total Indebtedness of Guarantor and its consolidated Subsidiaries to Total Assets of Guarantor and its consolidated Subsidiaries to be greater than 75%.
(b)    Guarantor shall, within forty-five (45) days of the end of each of the first three (3) fiscal quarters, and within ninety (90) days after the last day of the fiscal year, deliver to Administrative Agent a Financial Covenant Compliance Certificate setting forth the calculation of each of the financial covenants set forth in Section 4.7(i) above.

(c)    The following terms shall having the meanings ascribed below for purposes of this Guaranty:

(i)    “Cash” shall mean coin or currency of the United States of America or immediately available federal funds, including such funds delivered by wire transfer.

(ii)    “Cash Equivalents” shall mean any of the following, to the extent owned by Guarantor or any of its Subsidiaries free and clear of all Liens and having a maturity of not greater than 90 days from the date of issuance thereof: (a) readily marketable direct obligations of the government of the United States or any agency or instrumentality thereof or obligations unconditionally guaranteed by the full faith and credit of the government of the United States or (b) certificates of deposit of or time deposits with Administrative Agent, Buyer or a member of the Federal Reserve System that issues (or the parent of which issues) commercial paper rated as described in clause (c) below, is organized under the laws of the United States or any state thereof and has combined capital and surplus of at least $1,000,000,000 or (c) commercial paper in an aggregate amount of not more than $50,000,000 per issuer outstanding at any time, issued by any corporation organized under the laws of any state of the United States and rated at least “Prime-1” (or the then equivalent grade) by Moody’s or “A-1” (or the then equivalent grade) by S&P.

(iii)    “Cash Liquidity” shall mean, at any date of determination, the sum of unrestricted Cash plus Cash Equivalents.

(iv)    “Total Assets” means, with respect to any Person, on any date of determination, an amount equal to the aggregate book value of all assets owned by such Person and its Consolidated Subsidiaries and the proportionate share of such Person of all assets owned by Affiliates of such Person as consolidated in accordance with GAAP, less (a) amounts owing to such Person and its Consolidated Subsidiaries from any Affiliate thereof, or from officers, employees, partners, members, directors, shareholders or other Persons similarly affiliated with such Person or any Affiliate thereof, (b) Intangible Assets, and (c) prepaid taxes and expenses, all on or as of such date, and (d) the amount of non-recourse Indebtedness owing pursuant to securitization transactions that are not issued or sponsored by Guarantor, Affiliates of Guarantor and/or Affiliates of Manager (e.g. commercial real estate CLOs (including, without limitation, any CMBS investments)) that result from the consolidation of “variable interest entities” under the requirements of the Accounting Standards Codification Section 810, as amended, modified or supplemented from time to time, and (e) the amount of any non-recourse Indebtedness owing pursuant to a financing or securitization transaction such as a REMIC securitization, a collateralized loan obligation transaction or any other similar transaction.

4.8    [Reserved].
4.9    Offset. The liabilities and obligations of Guarantor to Administrative Agent hereunder shall not be reduced, discharged or released because of or by reason of any existing or future right of offset, claim or defense (other than payment of the Guaranteed Obligations) of Seller against Administrative Agent, or any other party, or against payment of the Guaranteed Obligations, whether such right of offset, claim or defense arises in connection with the Guaranteed Obligations (or the transactions creating the Guaranteed Obligations).
4.10    [Reserved].
ARTICLE V    

SUBORDINATION OF CERTAIN INDEBTEDNESS
5.1    Subordination of All Guarantor Claims. As used herein, the term “Guarantor Claims” shall mean all debts and liabilities of Seller to Guarantor arising as the consequence of this Guaranty or the payment or other performance by Guarantor hereunder, whether such debts and liabilities now exist or are hereafter incurred or arise, or whether the obligations of Seller thereon be direct, contingent, primary, secondary, several, joint and several, or otherwise, and irrespective of whether such debts or liabilities be evidenced by note, contract, open account, or otherwise, and irrespective of the person or persons in whose favor such debts or liabilities may, at their inception, have been, or may hereafter be created, or the manner in which they have been or may hereafter be acquired by Guarantor. The Guarantor Claims shall include without limitation all rights and claims of Guarantor against Seller (arising as a result of subrogation or otherwise) as a result of Guarantor’s payment of all or a portion of the Guaranteed Obligations. Upon the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default, Guarantor shall not receive or collect, directly or indirectly, from Seller or any other party any amount for the Guarantor Claims until payment in full of the Guaranteed Obligations.
5.2    Claims in Bankruptcy. In the event of receivership, bankruptcy, reorganization, arrangement, debtor’s relief, or other insolvency proceedings involving Seller as debtor, Administrative Agent shall have the right to prove its claims in any such proceeding so as to establish its rights hereunder and receive directly from the receiver, trustee or other court custodian dividends and payments which would otherwise be payable for the Guarantor Claims. Guarantor hereby assigns such dividends and payments to Administrative Agent. Should Administrative Agent receive, for application upon the Guaranteed Obligations, any such dividend or payment which is otherwise payable to Guarantor, and which, as between Seller and Guarantor, shall constitute a credit for the Guarantor Claims, then upon payment to Administrative Agent in full of the Guaranteed Obligations, Guarantor shall become subrogated to the rights of Administrative Agent to the extent that such payments to Administrative Agent on the Guarantor Claims have contributed toward the liquidation of the Guaranteed Obligations, and such subrogation shall be with respect to that proportion of the Guaranteed Obligations which would have been unpaid if Administrative Agent had not received dividends or payments for the Guarantor Claims.
5.3    Payments Held in Trust. In the event that, notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Guaranty, Guarantor should receive any funds, payment, claim or distribution which is prohibited by this Guaranty, Guarantor agrees to hold in trust for Administrative Agent an amount equal to the amount of all funds, payments, claims or distributions so received, and agrees to promptly pay such amounts to Administrative Agent.
5.4    Liens Subordinate. Guarantor agrees that any liens, security interests, judgment liens, charges or other encumbrances upon Seller’s assets securing payment of the Guarantor Claims shall be and remain inferior and subordinate to any liens, security interests, judgment liens, charges or other encumbrances upon Seller’s assets securing payment of the Guaranteed Obligations, regardless of whether such encumbrances in favor of Guarantor presently exist or are hereafter created or attach. Without the prior written consent of Administrative Agent, Guarantor shall not (1) exercise or enforce any creditor’s right it may have against Seller, or (1) foreclose, repossess, sequester or otherwise take steps or institute any action or proceedings (judicial or otherwise, including without limitation the commencement of, or joinder in, any liquidation, bankruptcy, rearrangement, debtor’s relief or insolvency proceeding) to enforce any liens, mortgage, deeds of trust, security interests, collateral rights, judgments or other encumbrances on assets of Seller securing payment of the Guarantor Claims held by Guarantor.
ARTICLE VI    

MISCELLANEOUS
6.1    Waiver. No failure to exercise, and no delay in exercising, on the part of Administrative Agent, any right hereunder shall operate as a waiver thereof, nor shall any single or partial exercise thereof preclude any other or further exercise thereof or the exercise of any other right. The rights of Administrative Agent hereunder shall be in addition to all other rights provided by law. No modification or waiver of any provision of this Guaranty, nor consent to departure therefrom, shall be effective unless in writing and no such consent or waiver shall extend beyond the particular case and purpose involved. No notice or demand given in any case shall constitute a waiver of the right to take other action in the same, similar or other instances without such notice or demand (except to the extent such a notice or demand is required by the terms hereof).
6.2    Notices. Unless otherwise provided in this Guaranty, all notices, consents, approvals and requests required or permitted hereunder shall be given in writing and shall be effective for all purposes if hand delivered or sent by (1) hand delivery, with proof of delivery, (1) certified or registered United States mail, postage prepaid, (1) expedited prepaid delivery service, either commercial or United States Postal Service, with proof of delivery, (1) by telecopier (with answerback acknowledged); provided that such telecopied notice must also be delivered by one of the means set forth above, or (1) by e-mail with confirmation of delivery, addressed as follows (or at such other address and person as shall be designated from time to time by any party hereto, as the case may be, in a written notice to the other parties hereto in the manner provided for in this Section 6.2):
If to Guarantor:
KKR Real Estate Finance Holdings L.P.
9 West 57th Street, Suite 4200
New York, New York 10019
Attention: Patrick Mattson
Telephone: (###) ###-####
Email: ###############@kkr.com
with a copy to:
Hunton Andrews Kurth LLP
200 Park Avenue
New York, New York 10166
Attention: Nadia Burgard
Telephone: (###) ###-####
Email: ########@HuntonAK.com
If to Administrative Agent:
Morgan Stanley Mortgage Capital Holdings LLC
1585 Broadway, 25th Floor
New York, New York 10036
Attention: Anthony Preisano
Telephone: (###) ###-####

Fax: (###) ###-####
Email: ################@morganstanley.com

and to:
Morgan Stanley Bank, N.A.
One Utah Center, 201 South Main Street
Salt Lake City, Utah 84111
and to:
Morgan Stanley Bank, N.A.
1 New York Plaza, 41st Floor
New York, New York 10004
Attention: Tom O’Donnell
Telephone: (###) ###-####
Fax: (###) ###-####
Email: #######@morganstanley.com
and to:
Cleary Gottlieb Steen & Hamilton LLP
One Liberty Plaza
New York, New York 10006
Attention: Kimberly Brown Blacklow, Esq.
Telephone: (###) ###-####
Fax: (###) ###-####
Email: #########@cgsh.com
A notice shall be deemed to have been given: (1) in the case of hand delivery, at the time of delivery, (1) in the case of registered or certified mail, when delivered or the first attempted delivery on a Business Day, (1) in the case of expedited prepaid delivery upon the first attempted delivery on a Business Day, (1) in the case of telecopier, upon receipt of answerback confirmation; provided that such telecopied notice was also delivered as required in this Section 6.2, or (1) in the case of e-mail, upon confirmation of delivery. A party receiving a notice that does not comply with the technical requirements for notice under this Section 6.2 may elect to waive any deficiencies and treat the notice as having been properly given.
6.3    Governing Law. This Guaranty shall be governed by, and construed and interpreted in accordance with, the laws of the State of New York pursuant to Sections 5-1401 and 5-1402 of the New York General Obligations Law without giving effect to the conflict of law principles thereof.
6.4    SUBMISSION TO JURISDICTION; WAIVERS. EACH OF GUARANTOR AND, BY ITS ACCEPTANCE OF THIS GUARANTY, ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT, HEREBY IRREVOCABLY AND UNCONDITIONALLY: (1) SUBMITS FOR ITSELF AND ITS PROPERTY IN ANY LEGAL ACTION OR PROCEEDING RELATING TO THIS GUARANTY, OR FOR RECOGNITION AND ENFORCEMENT OF ANY JUDGMENT IN RESPECT THEREOF, TO THE EXCLUSIVE GENERAL JURISDICTION OF THE COURTS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK, THE FEDERAL COURTS OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA FOR THE SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF NEW YORK, AND APPELLATE COURTS FROM ANY THEREOF; (1) CONSENTS THAT ANY SUCH ACTION OR PROCEEDING MAY BE BROUGHT IN SUCH COURTS AND, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY LAW, WAIVES ANY OBJECTION THAT IT MAY NOW OR HEREAFTER HAVE TO THE VENUE OF ANY SUCH ACTION OR PROCEEDING IN ANY SUCH COURT OR THAT SUCH ACTION OR PROCEEDING WAS BROUGHT IN AN INCONVENIENT COURT AND AGREES NOT TO PLEAD OR CLAIM THE SAME; (1) AGREES THAT SERVICE OF PROCESS IN ANY SUCH ACTION OR PROCEEDING MAY BE EFFECTED BY MAILING A COPY THEREOF BY REGISTERED OR CERTIFIED MAIL (OR ANY SUBSTANTIALLY SIMILAR FORM OF MAIL), POSTAGE PREPAID, TO ITS ADDRESS SET FORTH HEREIN OR AT SUCH OTHER ADDRESS OF WHICH ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT AND/OR GUARANTOR SHALL HAVE BEEN NOTIFIED; AND (1) AGREES THAT NOTHING HEREIN SHALL AFFECT THE RIGHT TO EFFECT SERVICE OF PROCESS IN ANY OTHER MANNER PERMITTED BY LAW OR SHALL LIMIT THE RIGHT TO SUE IN ANY OTHER JURISDICTION.
6.5    WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL. EACH OF GUARANTOR AND, BY ITS ACCEPTANCE OF THIS GUARANTY, ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT, HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES, TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, ANY AND ALL RIGHT TO TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY LEGAL PROCEEDING ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THIS GUARANTY OR THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREBY. SUCH WAIVER OF RIGHT TO TRIAL BY JURY IS GIVEN KNOWINGLY AND VOLUNTARILY, AND IS INTENDED TO ENCOMPASS INDIVIDUALLY EACH INSTANCE AND EACH ISSUE AS TO WHICH THE RIGHT TO A TRIAL BY JURY WOULD OTHERWISE ACCRUE. ANY PARTY IS HEREBY AUTHORIZED TO FILE A COPY OF THIS SECTION 6.5 IN ANY PROCEEDING AS CONCLUSIVE EVIDENCE OF SUCH WAIVER.
6.6    Invalid Provisions. If any provision of this Guaranty is held to be illegal, invalid, or unenforceable under present or future laws effective during the term of this Guaranty, such provision shall be fully severable and this Guaranty shall be construed and enforced as if such illegal, invalid or unenforceable provision had never comprised a part of this Guaranty, and the remaining provisions of this Guaranty shall remain in full force and effect and shall not be affected by the illegal, invalid or unenforceable provision or by its severance from this Guaranty, unless such continued effectiveness of this Guaranty, as modified, would be contrary to the basic understandings and intentions of the parties as expressed herein.
6.7    Reinstatement. This Guaranty shall continue to be effective, or be reinstated, as the case may be, if at any time payment of the Guaranteed Obligations, or any part thereof, is rescinded or must otherwise be restored or returned by Administrative Agent upon the insolvency, bankruptcy, dissolution, liquidation or reorganization of Seller or upon or as a result of the appointment of a receiver, intervenor or conservator of, or trustee or similar officer for Seller or any substantial part of the property of Seller, or otherwise, all as though such payments had not been made.
6.8    Amendments. This Guaranty may be amended only by an instrument in writing executed by Guarantor and Administrative Agent.
6.9    Parties Bound; Assignment. This Guaranty shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the parties hereto and their respective successors, assigns and legal representatives; provided, however, that Guarantor may not, without the prior written consent of Administrative Agent, assign any of Guarantor’s rights, powers, duties or obligations hereunder.
6.10    Headings. Section headings are for convenience of reference only and shall in no way affect the interpretation of this Guaranty.
6.11    Recitals. The recital and introductory paragraphs hereof are a part hereof, form a basis for this Guaranty and shall be considered prima facie evidence of the facts and documents referred to therein.
6.12    Counterparts. This Guaranty may be executed in any number of counterparts, each of which when so executed and delivered shall be an original, but all of which shall together constitute one and the same instrument. Any counterpart delivered by facsimile, pdf or other electronic means shall have the same import and effect as original counterparts and shall be valid, enforceable and binding for the purposes of this Guaranty.
6.13    Rights and Remedies. If Guarantor becomes liable for any indebtedness owing by Seller to Administrative Agent, by endorsement or otherwise, other than under this Guaranty, such liability shall not be in any manner impaired or affected hereby and the rights of Administrative Agent hereunder shall be cumulative of any and all other rights that Administrative Agent may ever have against Guarantor. The exercise by Administrative Agent of any right or remedy hereunder or under any other instrument, or at law or in equity, shall not preclude the concurrent or subsequent exercise of any other right or remedy.
6.14    Entirety. This Guaranty embodies the final, entire agreement of Guarantor and Administrative Agent with respect to Guarantor’s guarantee of the Guaranteed Obligations and supersedes any and all prior commitments, agreements, representations, and understandings, whether written or oral, relating to the subject matter hereof. This Guaranty is intended by Guarantor and Administrative Agent as a final and complete expression of the terms of this Guaranty, and no course of dealing between Guarantor and Administrative Agent, no course of performance, no trade practices, and no evidence of prior, contemporaneous or subsequent oral agreements or discussions or other extrinsic evidence of any nature shall be used to contradict, vary, supplement or modify any term of this Guaranty. There are no oral agreements between Guarantor and Administrative Agent relating to the subject matter hereof.
6.15    Joint and Several. If Guarantor consists of more than one Person, the obligations and liabilities of each such Person under this Guaranty shall be joint and several; provided that, except to the extent caused by fraud or willful misconduct, in no event shall any direct or indirect partner, member, shareholder or other owner of Guarantor be liable under this Guaranty and Administrative Agent’s sole recourse shall be the assets of Guarantor.
6.16    Intent. Guarantor (a) acknowledges that each of the Repurchase Agreement and each Transaction thereunder constitutes a “securities contract” as that term is defined in Section 741(7)(A)(i) of the Bankruptcy Code and a “master netting agreement” as that term is defined in Section 101(38A)(A) of the Bankruptcy Code, (b) intends and acknowledges that this Guaranty is “a security agreement or arrangement or other credit enhancement” that is “related to” and provided “in connection with” the Repurchase Agreement and each Transaction thereunder and is within the meaning of Sections 101(38A)(A) and 741(7)(A)(xi) of the Bankruptcy Code and is, therefore, (i) a “securities contract” as that term is defined in Section 741(7)(A)(xi) of the Bankruptcy Code and (ii) a “master netting agreement” as that term is defined in Section 101(38A) of the Bankruptcy Code, (c) intends and acknowledges that that Buyer’s rights under Section 1.1 constitute (i) contractual rights (as defined in Section 555 of the Bankruptcy Code) under a security agreement or arrangement or other credit enhancement forming a part of or related to a securities contract and master netting agreement and/or (ii) contractual rights (as defined in Section 555 of the Bankruptcy Code) to offset or net out any termination value, payment amount, or other transfer obligation arising under or in connection with one or more securities contracts and master netting agreements, as described in Sections 362(b)(6), (27) and 561 of the Bankruptcy Code, (d) any payment or transfer of property made with respect to this Guaranty is a “margin payment,” “settlement payment” or “transfer in connection with a securities contract” as such terms are used in Bankruptcy Code Section 546(e), and (e) damages hereunder shall be measured in accordance with Section 562 of the Bankruptcy Code. The Guarantor agrees that it shall not challenge, and hereby waives to the fullest extent available under applicable law its right to challenge, either (i) the characterization of this Guaranty, the Repurchase Agreement or any Transaction thereunder as either a “securities contract” or “master netting agreement” within the meaning of the Bankruptcy Code, or (ii) whether any payment or transfer described in clause (d) is a “margin payment,” “settlement payment” or “transfer in connection with a securities contract” as such terms are used in Bankruptcy Code Section 546(e) and defined, as applicable, in Bankruptcy Code Sections 741(5) and 741(8).
[SIGNATURE ON NEXT PAGE]
EXECUTED as of the day and year first above written.
KKR REAL ESTATE FINANCE HOLDINGS L.P.,
a Delaware limited partnership
By:
KKR REAL ESTATE FINANCE TRUST INC.,
its general partner
By: /s/ Patrick Mattson

Name: Patrick Mattson
Title: Authorized Signatory




[AM_ACTIVE 401413304_5]

Exhibit 10.3

THIRD AMENDMENT TO MASTER REPURCHASE AGREEMENT

THIS THIRD AMENDMENT TO MASTER REPURCHASE AGREEMENT (this “Amendment”), dated as of June 7, 2019, by and among MORGAN STANLEY BANK, N.A. (“Buyer”), KREF LENDING IV LLC (“Seller”) and KKR REAL ESTATE FINANCE HOLDINGS L.P. (“Guarantor”), amends that certain Master Repurchase and Securities Contract Agreement, dated December 6, 2016 by and between Buyer and Seller (the “Original Repurchase Agreement”), as modified by that certain Omnibus Amendment, dated as of November 10, 2017 by and among Guarantor, Seller and Buyer (the “Omnibus Amendment”), as further modified by that certain First Amendment to Repurchase Agreement, dated as of December 31, 2018 by and between Buyer and Seller (the “First Amendment”), and as further modified by that certain Second Amendment to Repurchase Agreement, dated March 14, 2019 by and between Buyer and Seller (the “Second Amendment”) (the Original Repurchase Agreement, as amended by the Omnibus Amendment, the First Amendment and the Second Amendment and as the same may be further amended, modified and/or restated, collectively, the “Repurchase Agreement”).

RECITALS

WHEREAS, the parties hereto desire to make certain amendments to the Repurchase Agreement as provided herein.

NOW, THEREFORE, for good and valuable consideration, the parties hereto agree as follows:


1.
Amendment to the Repurchase Agreement.

(a)          The definition of “Facility Amount” in Section 2 of the Repurchase Agreement is hereby amended and restated in its entirety as follows:

Facility Amount” shall mean $750,000,000 as such amount may be reduced in accordance with Section 9(c) of this Agreement.

(b)          Section 9(d) is hereby deleted in its entirety.


2.
Defined Terms. Capitalized terms used but not defined herein shall have the meanings set forth in the Repurchase Agreement.


3.
Ratification and Authority.

(a)          Seller hereby represents and warrants that (i) Seller has the power and authority to enter into this Amendment and to perform its obligations under the Repurchase Agreement as amended hereby, (ii) Seller has by proper action duly authorized the execution and delivery of this Amendment and (iii) this Amendment has been duly executed and delivered by Seller and constitutes Seller’s legal, valid and binding obligations, enforceable in accordance with its terms, subject to bankruptcy, insolvency and similar laws of general applicability relating to or affecting creditors’ rights and to general equity principles.


(b)          Seller hereby (i) unconditionally ratifies and confirms, renews and reaffirms all of its obligations under the Repurchase Agreement, (ii) acknowledges and agrees that such obligations remain in full force and effect, binding on and enforceable against it in accordance with the terms of the Repurchase Agreement as amended hereby, subject to bankruptcy, insolvency and similar laws of general applicability relating to or affecting creditors’ rights and to general equity principles and (iii) represents, warrants and covenants that, as of the date hereof, it is not in default under the Repurchase Agreement or any of the other Transaction Documents beyond any applicable notice and cure periods, and there are no defenses, offsets or counterclaims against Seller’s obligations under the Repurchase Agreement.

(c)          Guarantor, by its signature below, hereby (i) unconditionally approves and consents to the execution by Seller of this Amendment and the modifications to the Repurchase Agreement effected thereby, (ii) unconditionally ratifies, confirms, renews, and reaffirms all of its obligations under the Guaranty, (iii) acknowledges and agrees that its obligations under the Guaranty remain in full force and effect, binding on and enforceable against it in accordance with its terms subject to bankruptcy, insolvency and similar laws of general applicability relating to or affecting creditors’ rights and to general equity principles and (iv) represents, warrants and covenants that, as of the date hereof, it is not in default under the Guaranty beyond any applicable notice and cure periods, and there are no defenses, offsets or counterclaims against its obligations under the Guaranty. Guarantor hereby represents and warrants that it has the power and authority to enter into this Amendment and has by proper action duly authorized the execution and delivery of this Amendment by Guarantor.


4.
Continuing Effect.    Except as expressly amended by this Amendment, the Repurchase Agreement, the Guaranty and the other Transaction Documents remain in full force and effect in accordance with their respective terms.


5.
References to Transaction Documents.    All references to the Repurchase Agreement in any Transaction Document, or in any other document executed or delivered in connection therewith shall, from and after the execution and delivery of this Amendment, be deemed a reference to the Repurchase Agreement as amended hereby, unless the context expressly requires otherwise.


6.
Governing Law.    This Amendment shall be governed by and construed and interpreted in accordance with the laws of the State of New York.


7.
Counterparts.    This Amendment may be executed in any number of counterparts, each of which when so executed and delivered shall be an original, but all of which shall constitute one and the same instrument. Delivery of an executed counterpart of a signature page to this Amendment in Portable Document Format (PDF) or by facsimile transmission shall be effective as delivery of a manually executed original counterpart thereof.

[Signatures appear on the next page.]

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Amendment to be duly executed and delivered in their names as of the date first above written.

 
BUYER:
     
 
MORGAN STANLEY BANK, N.A.,
 
a national banking association
     
 
By:
/s/ Anthony Preisano
   
Name: Anthony Preisano
   
Title: Authorized Signatory

[Signatures continue on the next page]

 
SELLER:
     
 
KREF LENDING IV LLC, a Delaware limited liability company
     
 
By:
/s/ Patrick Mattson
   
Name: Patrick Mattson
   
Title: Authorized Signatory
     

 
GUARANTOR
       
 
KKR REAL ESTATE FINANCE HOLDINGS L.P., a Delaware limited partnership
       
 
By: KKR REAL ESTATE FINANCE TRUST INC., its general partner
       
   
By:
/s/ Patrick Mattson
     
Name: Patrick Mattson
     
Title: Authorized Signatory

 



Exhibit 31.1
CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER

I, Christen E.J. Lee, certify that:
    
1.
I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended June 30, 2019 of KKR Real Estate Finance Trust Inc.;

2.
Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.
Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4.
The registrant’s other certifying officers and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

a.
Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

b.
Designed such internal control over financing reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

c.
Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

d.
Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
    
5.
The registrant’s other certifying officers and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

a.
All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

b.
Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

By:
/s/ Christen E.J. Lee
 
Christen E.J. Lee
 
Co-President and Co-Chief Executive Officer
 
(Co-Principal Executive Officer)
 
August 1, 2019





Exhibit 31.2
CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER

I, Matthew A. Salem, certify that:
    
1.
I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended June 30, 2019 of KKR Real Estate Finance Trust Inc.;

2.
Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.
Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4.
The registrant’s other certifying officers and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financing reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

a.
Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

b.
Designed such internal control over financing reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

c.
Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

d.
Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
    
5.
The registrant’s other certifying officers and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

a.
All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

b.
Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

By:
/s/ Matthew A. Salem
 
Matthew A. Salem
 
Co-President and Co-Chief Executive Officer
 
(Co-Principal Executive Officer)
 
August 1, 2019





Exhibit 31.3
CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER

I, Mostafa Nagaty, certify that:
    
1.
I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended June 30, 2019 of KKR Real Estate Finance Trust Inc.;

2.
Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.
Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4.
The registrant’s other certifying officers and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

a.
Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

b.
Designed such internal control over financing reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

c.
Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

d.
Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
    
5.
The registrant’s other certifying officers and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

a.
All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

b.
Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

By:
/s/ Mostafa Nagaty
 
Mostafa Nagaty
 
Chief Financial Officer
 
(Principal Financial Officer)
 
August 1, 2019





Exhibit 32.1
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY
ACT OF 2002

In connection with the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of KKR Real Estate Finance Trust Inc. (the “Company”) for the quarterly period ended June 30, 2019 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Christen E.J. Lee, Co-Chief Executive Officer and Co-President of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:
    
1.
The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

2.
The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.
 
By:
/s/ Christen E.J. Lee
 
Christen E.J. Lee
 
Co-President and Co-Chief Executive Officer
 
(Co-Principal Executive Officer)


August 1, 2019

*    The foregoing certification is being furnished solely pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 and is not being filed as part of the Report or as a separate disclosure document.







Exhibit 32.2
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY
ACT OF 2002

In connection with the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of KKR Real Estate Finance Trust Inc. (the “Company”) for the quarterly period ended June 30, 2019 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Matthew A. Salem, Co-Chief Executive Officer and Co-President of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:
    
1.
The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

2.
The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.
 
By:
/s/ Matthew A. Salem
 
Matthew A. Salem
 
Co-President and Co-Chief Executive Officer
 
(Co-Principal Executive Officer)


August 1, 2019

*    The foregoing certification is being furnished solely pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 and is not being filed as part of the Report or as a separate disclosure document.







Exhibit 32.3
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY
ACT OF 2002

In connection with the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of KKR Real Estate Finance Trust Inc. (the “Company”) for the quarterly period ended June 30, 2019 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Mostafa Nagaty, Chief Financial Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:
    
1.
The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

2.
The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.
 
By:
/s/ Mostafa Nagaty
 
Mostafa Nagaty
 
Chief Financial Officer
 
(Principal Financial Officer)


August 1, 2019

*    The foregoing certification is being furnished solely pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 and is not being filed as part of the Report or as a separate disclosure document.