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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington D.C. 20549
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
FORM 10-K
(Mark One)    
  ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2020
OR
  TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 or 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from ________ to ________.
Commission file number 001-37427
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
HORIZON GLOBAL CORPORATION
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware
(State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or
Organization)
 
47-3574483
(IRS Employer Identification No.)
47912 Halyard Drive, Suite 100
Plymouth, Michigan 48170
(Address of principal executive offices, including zip code)
(734) 656-3000
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of Each Class:   Trading Symbol(s) Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered:
Common stock, $0.01 par value   HZN New York Stock Exchange
         Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes     No 
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes     No 
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes     No 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes    No 
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See definition of “accelerated filer,” “large accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer 
Accelerated filer 
Non-accelerated filer ☒
Smaller reporting company ☒
Emerging growth company ☐
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. Yes     No 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes ☐    No 
The aggregate market value of the common stock held by non-affiliates of the Registrant as of June 30, 2020 was approximately $46.3 million, based upon the closing sales price of the Registrant’s common stock, $0.01 par value, reported for such date on the New York Stock Exchange.
As of March 8, 2021, the number of outstanding shares of the Registrant’s common stock, $0.01 par value, was 26,921,182 shares.
Portions of the Registrant’s Proxy Statement for the 2021 Annual Meeting of Stockholders are incorporated herein by reference in Part III of this Annual Report on Form 10-K to the extent stated herein.



Horizon Global Corporation
Index
3
Part I.
 
4
11
22
23
23
23
23
Part II.
 
25
26
26
45
46
89
89
89
Part III.
 
90
90
90
90
Principal Accountant Fees and Services
90
Part IV.
 
91
II-1
II-5
II-6

2




Forward-Looking Statements
This Annual Report on Form 10-K may contain “forward-looking statements” as defined in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date they are made and give our current expectations or forecasts of future events. These forward-looking statements can be identified by the use of forward-looking words, such as “may,” “could,” “should,” “estimate,” “project,” “forecast,” “intend,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “believe,” “target,” “plan” or other comparable words, or by discussions of strategy that may involve risks and uncertainties.
These forward-looking statements are subject to numerous assumptions, risks and uncertainties which could materially affect our business, financial condition or future results including, but not limited to, risks and uncertainties with respect to: the impact of the novel coronavirus (“COVID-19”) pandemic on the Company’s business, results of operations, financial condition and liquidity; the Company’s ability to maintain compliance with the New York Stock Exchange’s continued listing standards; the Company’s debt, including the Company’s ability to comply with the applicable financial covenants related thereto; liabilities and restrictions imposed by the Company’s debt instruments; market demand; competitive factors; supply constraints; material and energy costs; technology factors; litigation; government and regulatory actions including the impact of any tariffs, quotas, or surcharges; the Company’s accounting policies; future trends; general economic and currency conditions; various conditions specific to the Company’s business and industry; the success of the Company’s action plan, including the actual amount of savings and timing thereof; the success of the Company’s business improvement initiatives in Europe-Africa, including the amount of savings and timing thereof; the Company’s exposure to product liability claims from customers and end users, and the costs associated therewith; the Company’s ability to meet its covenants in the agreements governing its debt; factors affecting the Company’s business that are outside of its control, including natural disasters, pandemics, including the current COVID-19 pandemic, accidents and governmental actions; and other risks that are discussed in Part I, Item 1A, “Risk Factors.” The risks described in this Annual Report on Form 10-K are not the only risks facing our Company. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently deemed to be immaterial also may materially adversely affect our business, financial position and results of operations or cash flows.
The cautionary statements set forth above should be considered in connection with any subsequent written or oral forward-looking statements that we or persons acting on our behalf may issue. We caution readers not to place undue reliance on forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. New risks and uncertainties arise from time to time, and it is impossible for us to predict these events or how they may affect the Company. We do not undertake any obligation to review or confirm analysts’ expectations or estimates or to release publicly any revisions to any forward-looking statement to reflect events or circumstances after the date of this Annual Report on Form 10-K or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events, except as otherwise required by law.
We disclose important factors that could cause our actual results to differ materially from our expectations implied by our forward-looking statements under Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” and elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. These cautionary statements qualify all forward-looking statements attributed to us or persons acting on our behalf. When we indicate that an event, condition or circumstance could or would have an adverse effect on us, we mean to include effects upon our business, financial and other conditions, results of operations, prospects and ability to service our debt.
3




PART I

Item 1.    Business
Overview
Horizon Global Corporation, which we refer to herein as “Horizon,” “Horizon Global,” “we” or the “Company,” became an independent, publicly traded company as the result of a tax-free spin-off (the “Spin-off”) from TriMas Corporation (“TriMas”) on June 30, 2015. The Company’s common stock began trading on the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) under the ticker symbol “HZN” on July 1, 2015.
We are a leading designer, manufacturer and distributor of a wide variety of high-quality, custom-engineered towing, trailering, cargo management products and other related accessories on a global basis, serving the automotive original equipment manufacturers (“automotive OEMs”) and automotive original equipment servicers (“automotive OESs”) (collectively “OEs”), industrial, aftermarket, retail and e-commerce channels.
The Company groups its business into operating segments generally by the region in which sales and manufacturing efforts are focused. The Company has two operating segments, Horizon Americas and Horizon Europe‑Africa. Horizon Americas has operations in North and South America, primarily operating in the United States, Mexico, Canada and Brazil, and is generally a leader in towing and trailering-related products sold through the OE, industrial, aftermarket, retail and e-commerce channels, especially in North America. Horizon Europe‑Africa focuses their sales and manufacturing efforts outside of North and South America. Horizon Europe‑Africa operates primarily in Germany, France, the United Kingdom, Romania and South Africa. We believe Horizon Europe‑Africa has been a leader in towing related products sold primarily through OE and aftermarket channels in the regions where it operates. The Company previously had a third operating segment, Horizon Asia-Pacific (“APAC”); however, the APAC segment was sold on September 19, 2019. For additional information regarding the sale of the APAC segment, refer to Note 4, Discontinued Operations, included in Item 8, “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data,” within this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Our products are used in two primary categories across the world: commercial applications, or “Work,” and recreational activities, or “Play.” Some of the markets in our Work category include agricultural, automotive, construction, fleet, industrial, marine, military and municipalities. Some of the markets in our Play category include equestrian, power sports, recreational vehicle, specialty automotive, truck accessory and other specialty towing applications. We believe that the primary brands we offer are among the most recognized in the markets we serve and are known for quality, safety and performance.
We believe no individual competitor serving the sales channels we participate in can match our broad product portfolio. Our products reach end consumers through multiple sales channels which we categorize as follows:
Automotive OEM and automotive OES: The automotive OEM sales channel represents sales to automotive vehicle manufacturers while automotive OES primarily represents sales to automotive vehicle dealerships. We primarily sell our towing products to the OEs. This product category includes devices and accessories installed on a tow-vehicle for the purpose of attaching a trailer, camper, etc., such as hitches/tow bars, fifth wheels, gooseneck hitches, weight distribution systems, brake controls, wiring harnesses, draw bars, ball mounts, crossbars, security and other towing accessories.
Industrial: This sales channel represents sales to non-automotive manufacturers and dealers of agricultural equipment, trailers and other custom assemblies. We primarily sell our trailering products to the industrial sales channel. This product category includes control devices and components of the trailer itself, such as brake controls, jacks, winches, couplers, interior and exterior vehicle lighting and brake replacement parts.
Aftermarket: This sales channel represents sales to automotive installers and warehouse distributors. In addition to selling our towing and trailering products to the aftermarket sales channel, we also sell our cargo management and “other” products to this sales channel. The cargo management product category includes a wide variety of products used to facilitate the transportation of various forms of cargo. Examples of these products are bike racks, roof cross bar systems, cargo carriers, luggage boxes, car interior protective products, loading ramps and interior travel organizers. The “other” product category includes a diverse range of items in our portfolio that do not fit into towing, trailering or cargo management categories. Examples of these products include tubular push bars, side steps, sports bars, skid plates and oil pans.
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Retail: This sales channel represents sales to direct-to-consumer retailers, such as traditional brick and mortar merchants. While we offer a majority of our products to the retail sales channel, we primarily focus on towing and cargo management products in this sales channel.
E-commerce: This sales channel represents sales to direct-to-consumer retailers who utilize the Internet to purchase the Company’s products. Similar to the retail sales channel, we offer a majority of our products to the e-commerce sales channel, with a focus on towing and cargo management products.
We have positioned our product portfolio to create a variety of options based on price-point, ranging from entry-level to premium-level products across most of our markets. We believe the brands we offer in our aftermarket channel have significant customer recognition, with the three most significant being Reese®, Draw-Tite® and Westfalia®. We believe all three have substantial market share and have been leading brands in the towing market for over 50 years. These brands provide the foundation of our market position based on worldwide commercial and consumer acceptance. We also maintain a collection of regionally recognized brands that include Bulldog®, BTM, DHF, Engetran, Fulton®, Reese Secure™, Reese Explorer™, Reese Power Sports, Reese Towpower™, ROLA®, Tekonsha®, WesBarg® and Witter Towbar Systems.
Our Industry
Our products are sold into a diverse set of end-markets; the primary applications relate to automotive accessories for light and recreational vehicles. Purchases of automotive accessory parts are discretionary, and we believe demand is driven by macro-economic factors including (i) employment trends, (ii) consumer sentiment and (iii) fuel prices, among others.
We believe each of these metrics impact both our Work- and Play-related sales. In addition, we believe the Play-related sales are more sensitive to changes in these indices, given the Play-related sales tend to be more directly related to disposable income levels.
OE and Industrial Channels
While OE and industrial channel demand is typically driven by planned production, suppliers also grow by increasing their product content on each unit produced through sales of existing product lines or expansion into new product line offerings. Given the consolidation and globalization throughout the industry, suppliers combining a global presence with strong engineering, technology, manufacturing, supply chain and customer support will be best positioned to take advantage of OE and industrial business opportunities.
More recent trends in the global OE and industrial supplier market include:
Global Platform/Supplier Consolidation: OEs may begin adopting global vehicle platforms to decrease product development costs and increase manufacturing efficiency and profitability. As a result, OEs may select suppliers that have the capacity to manufacture and deliver products on a worldwide basis as well as the flexibility to adapt products to local variations. Suppliers with a global supply chain and efficient manufacturing capabilities are best positioned to benefit from this trend. We believe we are uniquely positioned to take advantage of this trend as a result of our global manufacturing footprint, highly developed supply chain relationships and track record of success in solving application challenges in our product lines;
Outsourcing of Design and Manufacturing of Vehicle Parts and Systems: OEs continually strive to simplify their assembly processes, lower costs and reduce development times. As a result, they have increasingly relied on suppliers to perform many of the design, engineering, research and development and assembly functions traditionally performed by OEs. Suppliers with extensive design and engineering capabilities are in the best position to benefit from this trend as they are able to offer value-added solutions with superior features and convenience. We believe certain OEs have sought us out to assist with their engineering challenges to increase towing capacity and for the many solutions provided by our existing products; and
Shorter Product Development Cycles: Due to frequent shifts in government regulations and customer preferences, OEs are requiring suppliers to continue to provide new designs and product innovations. These trends are prevalent in mature markets as well as, emerging markets, which are advancing rapidly towards the regulatory standards and consumer preferences of the more mature markets. Suppliers with strong technologies, robust engineering and development capabilities are best positioned to meet OE demands for rapid innovation. Our broad product offerings, product expertise, and global engineering footprint enables us to rapidly deploy solutions meeting the changing customer needs.
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Aftermarket, Retail and E-Commerce Channels
We sell our products in these sales channels to a wide range of customers, including national and regional distributors, installers, and both traditional brick and mortar and e-commerce merchants, including automotive, home hardware, farm and fleet, and mass merchants. More recent trends in these sales channels include:
Channel Consolidation: In the more mature market of the United States, there has been increasing consolidation in distribution networks with larger, more sophisticated aftermarket distributors and retailers gaining market share. In kind, these distributors generally require larger, more sophisticated suppliers with product expertise, category management and supply chain services and capabilities, as well as a global manufacturing and services footprint. We provide customers in this category the opportunity to rationalize their supply base of vendors in our product lines by virtue of our broad offering and product expertise; and
Growth of Online Capabilities: The ability to reach consumers directly through online capabilities, including e-commerce, is having an increasing impact on the global automotive aftermarket and retail channels. Establishment of a robust online presence is critical for suppliers regardless of whether or not they participate directly in e-commerce. We believe we are positioned well to take advantage of this continuing trend, given our established online presence. We support consumers by offering a wide range of information on our products and services, including installation videos, custom-fit guides and links to authorized dealers and both brick and mortar and e-commerce merchants.
Competitive Strengths
We believe our operating segments share and benefit from the following competitive strengths:
Diverse Product Portfolio of Market Leading Brands. We believe we benefit from a diverse portfolio of high-quality and highly-engineered products sold under globally recognized and market leading brand names. By offering a wide range of products, we are able to provide a complete solution to satisfy our customers’ towing, trailering and cargo management needs, as well as serve diverse channels through effective brand management. Our brands are well-known in their respective product areas and channels. We believe that we are among the leading suppliers of towing and trailering products globally.
Global Scale with Flexible Manufacturing Footprint and Supply Chain. We were built through internal growth and a series of acquisitions to become a global automotive accessories company with a broad range of products. Our sourcing arrangements with third-party suppliers provides us with the ability to manufacture or source high-volume products as end-market demand fluctuates, while also providing us the flexibility to produce low-volume and customized products throughout our global manufacturing facilities. Our flexible manufacturing capability, low-cost manufacturing facilities and established supply chain allow us to quickly and efficiently respond to changes in end-market demand.
Long-Term Relationships with a Diverse Customer Base. Our customers encompass a broad range of OEs, mass merchants, e-commerce websites, distributors, dealers, and independent installers, representing multiple channels reaching the end consumer. Blue chip customers include Ford Motor Company, Stellantis, Volkswagen, BMW, Mercedes-Benz, Toyota, Tractor Supply Company, AutoZone, O’Reilly Auto Parts, Canadian Tire, Amazon, Etrailer, LKQ, U-Haul and Redneck Trailer Supplies, among others. Our customer relationships are well established, with many exceeding 20 years. These strong partnerships can provide stability to our revenue base through economic cycles. We believe our diverse product portfolio, global scale and flexible manufacturing capabilities enable us to provide a unique value proposition to customers.
Globally Competitive Cost Structure. We are consistently focused on margin improvement activities, identifying and acting on projects to reduce our cost structure. We believe our focused, identifiable projects that are under way or complete, our strong brand names, leading market position, and flexible manufacturing and sourcing operations will yield improved operating margins and cash flow that can then be deployed to high-value creation activities.
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Key Business Priorities
Horizon Global established the following strategic platforms for value creation focused on business improvement and transformation, supported by a company culture of continuous improvement.
Margin Expansion. Our first priority is to drive the organization to an operating margin that is competitive with or above industry expectations. We believe the investments made in our facilities and equipment over the past few years, along with our efforts to realign and rebalance our operations, should provide the foundation for additional margin expansion. We are an organization in which our team members are focused on constantly improving the efficiency of all operations through the adoption of lean and continuous improvement practices.
Liquidity Management. Our second priority is to continue to effectively manage the liquidity of the business. We believe the recently completed refinancing activities and resulting improved capital structure have positioned us to meet the liquidity needs of the business through a focus on working capital management and continued cash flow generation, while servicing our debt obligations.
Organic Growth.     Our third priority is to grow the business organically. We have identified areas of focused growth activities, involving geographic markets, sales channel customer and product line expansion, which we believe are particularly aligned with our competitive strengths.
Growth Strategies
We believe that we have multiple opportunities to integrate, improve and grow our business, whether via organic initiatives, via new geographies or new product development, through the following strategies:
Balanced Original Equipment and Aftermarket Growth. The global market for accessories and vehicle personalization is increasing across channels. The Company is positioned to balance and leverage the OE growth with growth in the aftermarket as we have significant brand recognition and strategic distributor and customer relationships. We believe that our significant brand recognition in the marketplace will allow us to support profitable organic growth to meet customer demand in the aftermarket channel. Further, automotive manufacturers are looking for suppliers to partner with to create genuine accessories to meet this need. Historically, this has been undertaken as a regional effort, but the growth of global OE programs may increase the need for global suppliers. Our geographic footprint, existing customer relationships and the potential for growth in global vehicle platforms align to present us with unique opportunities to grow with our OE customers.
E-commerce. We will continue to leverage the breadth of our product portfolio and global manufacturing footprint by continuing to expand our presence in the high growth e-commerce channel. This strategy is applicable in our developed markets where a focus on content delivery and customer support drive growth. It is also a powerful tool as we look at developing new, less mature markets around the world, enabling a direct connection with the users of our product set.
Low Cost Countries. We believe our manufacturing presence in Mexico and Eastern Europe, coupled with our global distribution network provides opportunities for growth, while supporting both new and existing global and regional customers in a cost-effective manner across our sales channels. When leveraged appropriately, it allows us to manufacture and distribute our products in a localized and regionalized manner efficiently and supports having the right product in the right place to best serve customer and end market needs.
Product Innovation. Our presence in the OE channels and multiple geographic markets allows us to leverage development costs and product innovation tied to new vehicles across our entire global footprint. We aim to be first to market in the aftermarket with our historical success of leveraging our OE innovation into the aftermarket channel, which supports profitable organic growth.
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Marketing, Customers and Distribution
Horizon employs a dedicated sales force in each of our primary channels. In serving our customers globally, we rely upon our strong historical customer relationships, custom engineering capability, brand recognition, broad product offerings, our established distribution network and varied merchandising strategies to bolster our towing, trailering, cargo management and accessory product sales. Significant Horizon customers include Ford Motor Company, FCA, Volkswagen, BMW, Mercedes-Benz and Toyota in the OE channel; Tractor Supply Company, AutoZone, O’Reilly Auto Parts and Canadian Tire in the retail channel; Amazon and Etrailer in the E-commerce channel; and LKQ, U-Haul and Redneck Trailer Supplies in the aftermarket channel. No customer represented greater than 10% of total revenue during the twelve months ended December 31, 2020 and 2019.
Competition
The competitive environment for automotive accessory products is highly fragmented and is characterized by numerous smaller suppliers, even the largest of which tend to focus in narrow product categories. We believe there is no individual competitor that has the breadth of product portfolio on a global basis in the markets we serve. Significant towing competitors include Curt Manufacturing, B&W Trailer Hitches, Husky Towing Products, Winston Products, The Bosal Group, Brink Group, Buyers Products Company, Demco Products, PullRite, Westin Automotive Products and Camco. Significant trailering competitors include Pacific Rim, Dutton-Lainson, SAF-Holland, Demco Products, Jost International and Sea-Sense. In addition, competitors in the cargo management product category include Thule, Yakima, Bell, Masterlock and Saris.
Materials and Supply Arrangements
We procure a variety of materials from a global supplier base from around the world. We are sensitive to price movements in our raw materials supply base. Our largest material purchases are for steel, copper, and aluminum. We also consume a significant amount of energy via utilities in our facilities. Historically, when we have experienced increasing costs of steel, we have successfully passed those through to our customers, although sometimes with a delay due to competitive pressure.
Human Capital Resources
As of December 31, 2020, we employed approximately 4,000 people, of which approximately 12% were located in the United States. In the United States, we have no collective bargaining agreements. In June 2020, the Company successfully completed a three-year agreement with our largest union in Horizon Europe‑Africa. Globally, employee relations have generally been satisfactory. We cannot predict the impact of any future unionization of our workplace.
Horizon Global focuses on a number of human capital resources objectives in managing its business, including our commitment to safety, employee engagement, diversity and inclusion, and talent development. These human capital resources objectives, taken together, may be material to understanding our business under certain circumstances. These objectives are reinforced by our code of conduct, The Spirit and the Letter, our global policies, and our commitment to sustainability as evidenced in our inaugural Sustainability Report, published in 2020.
Commitment to Safety
One of our primary objectives is the health and safety of our employees and anyone who conducts business on our behalf. The commitment to safety starts at the top levels of our organization. We believe a safe and secure workplace is fundamental and important to our success. Horizon Global is committed to providing a safe and healthy workplace, and complying with applicable safety and health laws, regulations and internal requirements. We are also committed to engaging our employees to continually improve health and safety by acting upon opportunities to reduce risk and improve our safety and health performance. Horizon Global maintains comprehensive safety programs focused on identifying hazards and eliminating risks that can lead to severe injuries.
Employee Engagement
The Company maintains a commitment to continuous improvement as one of our core values and is imperative to our long-term business strategies and initiatives. We embrace lean manufacturing principles, such as Kaizen, and work to foster a culture of employee engagement to drive performance improvements and operational excellence.
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Diversity and Inclusion
We believe we are at our best when we bring together unique perspectives, experiences and ideas, and actively build diverse teams and inclusive work environments across our global locations. We believe that tapping into our employees’ diverse backgrounds and experiences ensures we make better decisions and supports stronger operating performance. Our goal is to foster working environments that are fair and safe, where rights are respected and everyone can achieve their full potential. Our policies and practices strive to assure equal employment and advancement opportunities for all qualified people. We also work to maintain appropriate standards of conduct in the workplace and to be sensitive to the concerns of our diverse group of employees. We strive to maintain workplaces that are free from discrimination or harassment on the basis of race, religion, color, national origin, sex, age, genetic information, sexual orientation, gender identity, protected veteran status, disability or any other characteristic protected by applicable law.
Talent Development
We believe that a talented, engaged and dynamic workforce is vital to our success. We seek to hire, develop and retain individuals who embrace and thrive in our culture. Our culture is grounded in our values: Socially Responsible, Respectful & Open Team, Integrity & Accountability and Data & Results Driven. Our business strives to build a dynamic talent pipeline through robust recruitment initiatives across our operating footprint. Our programs are intended to ensure seamless onboarding for our new employees. We identify and nurture talent through a culture that is designed to enable employees to succeed and grow into leadership positions. We believe that our business and structure provide opportunities for employees to follow their own path and advance their careers.
We support a culture of continuous growth and development, and we provide employees with the opportunity to receive frequent performance feedback. Our employees have goals and objectives that align to both personal development and the Company’s strategic objectives. The performance management process includes performance and career development discussions between employees and their managers (via annual goal setting and year-end performance and talent reviews). During this process, employees receive candid feedback on their performance against established goals and objectives. These reviews evaluate each employee’s strengths, skills, areas for opportunity and growth, which are important for career development.
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Seasonality and Backlog
We experience some seasonality in our business. Sales of towing and trailering products in the northern hemisphere, where we generate the majority of our sales, are generally stronger in the second and third calendar quarters, as trailer OEs, distributors and retailers acquire product for the spring and summer selling seasons. In addition, within the OE channels, there is moderate seasonality due to production schedules and the launch of component production for new vehicle models, which generally occurs in the third calendar quarter of the year. Accordingly, our results reflect any seasonality we may experience. We normally do not consider order backlog to be a material factor in our businesses.
Government Regulation
We are subject to U.S. federal, state and local, and non-U.S. international environmental, safety and health laws and regulations, including those relating to air emissions, wastewater discharges and chemical and hazardous waste management and disposal. Some of these environmental laws hold owners or operators of land or businesses liable for their own and for previous owners’ or operators’ releases of hazardous or toxic substances or wastes. Other environmental laws and regulations require the obtainment and compliance with environmental permits. To date, costs of complying with environmental, health and safety requirements have not been material. However, the nature of our operations and our long history of industrial activities at certain of our current or former facilities, as well as those acquired, could potentially result in material environmental liabilities.
While we must comply with existing and pending climate change legislation, regulation and international treaties or accords, current laws and regulations have not had a material impact on our business, capital expenditures or financial position. Future events, including those relating to climate change or greenhouse gas regulation could require us to incur expenses related to the modification or curtailment of operations, installation of pollution control equipment or investigation and cleanup of contaminated sites.
In addition to environmental laws and regulations, our operations are governed by variety of laws and regulations, including those relating to workplace safety and worker health, principally the Occupational Safety and Health Act and regulations thereunder. We believe that we are in material compliance with these laws and regulations and do not believe that future compliance with such laws and regulations will have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
International Operations
For the twelve months ended December 31, 2020, 43.9% of our net sales were derived outside of the United States. In addition, as of December 31, 2020, 69.3% of our consolidated property and equipment, net were located outside of the United States. We operate manufacturing facilities in Brazil, France, Germany, Romania, Mexico, and South Africa.
Website Access to Company Reports
We use our Investor Relations website, www.horizonglobal.com, as a venue for routine distribution of important information, including news releases, analyst presentations and financial information. We post filings as soon as reasonably practicable after they are electronically filed with, or furnished to, the SEC, including our annual, quarterly, and current reports on Forms 10-K, 10-Q and 8-K, our proxy statements and any amendments to those reports or statements. All such postings and filings are available on our Investor Relations website free of charge. The SEC also maintains a website, www.sec.gov, that contains reports, proxy and information statements and other information regarding issuers that file electronically with the SEC. The content on any website referred to in this Annual Report on Form 10-K is not incorporated by reference into this Annual Report on Form 10-K unless expressly noted.

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Item 1A.    Risk Factors
You should carefully consider each of the risks described below, together with information included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K and other documents we file with the SEC. The risks that are highlighted below are not the only ones that we face. These risks and other forward-looking statements that relate to future events, expectations, trends and operating periods involve certain factors that are subject to change, and important risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially. Although the risks are organized by headings, and each risk is discussed separately, many are interrelated. If any of the following risks actually occur, our business, financial condition or results of operations could be negatively affected.
Risks Relating to the COVID-19 Pandemic
The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted, and may continue to disrupt, our business, which could result in a material adverse impact to our business, results of operations, cash flow, liquidity and financial condition.
In December 2019, an outbreak of COVID-19 occurred in China and has since spread to other parts of the world. On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization declared COVID-19 to be a global pandemic and recommended containment and mitigation measures. On March 13, 2020, the United States declared a national emergency concerning the outbreak. Along with these declarations, extraordinary and wide-ranging actions were taken by international, federal, state, and local public health and governmental authorities to contain and combat the outbreak and spread of COVID-19 in regions across the United States and the world, including quarantines, social distancing and “stay-at-home” orders, travel restrictions, mandatory business closures and other mandates that substantially restricted individuals’ daily activities and curtailed or ceased many businesses’ normal operations.
To date, the COVID-19 pandemic has surfaced in nearly all regions around the world, negatively impacted the global economy, disrupted consumer spending and global supply chains, and created significant volatility and disruption of financial markets. As a result, we have experienced, and may continue to experience, decreases in demand and customer orders for our products in all sales channels, as well as temporary disruptions and closures of some of our facilities due to decreased demand and government mandates. The COVID-19 pandemic has also impacted various aspects of the supply chain as our suppliers experience similar business disruptions due to operating restrictions from government mandates. We continue to monitor procurement of raw materials and components used in the manufacturing, distribution and sale of our products, but continued disruptions in the supply chain due to the COVID-19 pandemic may cause difficulty in sourcing materials or unexpected shortages or delays in delivery of raw materials and components, and may result in increased costs in our supply chain. We have implemented plans to reduce spending in certain areas of our business, including flexing variable labor, involuntary leave programs, reductions or delays in variable costs and investments, including capital expenditures, and may need to take additional actions to reduce spending in the future.
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Generally, government restrictions have been lifted and economies have reopened; however, certain jurisdictions or regions may have to re-establish restrictions due to a resurgence in COVID-19 cases or otherwise, which could require us, our customers or our suppliers to close or limit operations. Accordingly, the ultimate shape of the economic recovery is uncertain. We will continue to closely monitor and assess the impact of the pandemic on our business, the extent of the impact on our liquidity to meet our short-term obligations and fund our business needs and growth, and our ability to meet financial covenants within our credit agreements. While we are closely monitoring the impact of the pandemic on all aspects of our business, the extent of the impact on our results of operations, cash flow, liquidity, and financial performance, as well as our ability to execute near- and long-term business strategies and initiatives, will depend on numerous evolving factors and future developments, which are highly uncertain and cannot be reasonably predicted, including: (a) the duration, severity and scope of the pandemic, including the resurgence of COVID-19 cases; (b) rapidly-changing governmental and public health mandates and guidance to contain and combat the outbreak; (c) the extent and duration of the pandemic’s adverse effect on economic and social activity, consumer confidence, discretionary spending and preferences, labor and healthcare costs, and unemployment rates, any of which may reduce demand for some of our products and impair the ability of those with whom we do business to satisfy their obligations to us; (d) our ability to sell and provide our services and products, including as a result of any restrictions, mandatory business closures, and any stay-at home or similar orders; (e) any temporary reduction in our workforce, closures of our offices and facilities and our ability to adequately staff and maintain our operations; (f) the ability of our customers and suppliers to continue their operations, which could result in terminations of contracts, losses of revenue, and further adverse effects to our supply chain; (g) any impairment in value of our tangible or intangible assets, which could be recorded as a result of weaker economic conditions; and (h) the potential effects on our internal controls, including as a result of changes in working environments and observing stay-at-home and similar orders that are applicable to our employees and business partners, among others. In addition, if the pandemic continues to create disruptions or turmoil in the credit or financial markets, or impacts our credit ratings, it could adversely affect our ability to access capital on favorable terms and continue to meet our liquidity needs.
Given the inherent uncertainty surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic, the pandemic may have an adverse impact on our business, results of operations, cash flow, liquidity, and financial condition.
Risks Relating to Economic Conditions
Our businesses depend upon general economic conditions, and we serve some customers in highly cyclical industries; as such, we may be subject to the loss of sales and margins due to an economic downturn or recession.
Our financial performance depends, in large part, on conditions in the markets that we serve in both the U.S. and global economies. Some of the industries that we serve are highly cyclical, such as the agricultural, automotive, construction, horse/livestock, industrial, marine, military, recreational, trailer and utility markets. We may experience a reduction in sales and margins as a result of a downturn in economic conditions or other macroeconomic factors. Lower demand for our products may also negatively affect the capacity utilization of our production facilities, which may further reduce our operating margins.
Risks Relating to Our Business and Operations
Many of the markets we serve are highly competitive, which could limit the volume of products that we sell and reduce our operating margins.
Many of our products are sold in competitive markets. We believe that the principal points of competition in our markets are product quality and price, design and engineering capabilities, product development, conformity to customer specifications, reliability and timeliness of delivery, customer service and effectiveness of distribution. Maintaining and improving our competitive position will require our continued investment in manufacturing, engineering, quality standards, marketing, customer service and support of our distribution networks. We may have insufficient resources in the future to continue to make such investments and, even if we make such investments, we may not be able to maintain or improve our competitive position. We also face the risk of lower-cost foreign manufacturers located in China, Southeast Asia, India and other regions competing in the markets for our products, and we may be driven as a consequence of this competition to increase our investment overseas. Making overseas investments can be highly complicated and we may not always realize the advantages we anticipate from any such investments. Competitive pressure may limit the volume of products that we sell and reduce our operating margins.
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We may not achieve our strategic goals for margin expansion, liquidity management and organic growth. Our past performance in these areas may not be indicative of future performance. Failure to achieve our strategic goals may adversely impact our results of operations.
Our strategic platforms for value creation and goals for margin expansion, liquidity management and organic growth are subject to risk and uncertainty and depend on general economic, credit, capital market and other conditions that are beyond our control and are subject to fluctuation. Our past performance with respect to margin expansion, liquidity management and organic growth should be considered independent from, and may not be a reliable indicator of, future performance. These strategic goals may need to be revised or may not be met for a number of reasons, including changes in general economic conditions in the United States and abroad, changes in credit and capital market conditions, increased competition in the markets for our products, increases in raw material or energy costs and changes in technology and manufacturing techniques.
Increases in our raw material or energy costs or the loss of critical suppliers could adversely affect our profitability and other financial results.
We are sensitive to price movements in our raw materials supply base. Our largest material purchases are for steel, copper and aluminum. The prices for these products have historically been volatile, fluctuate with worldwide market and economic conditions, import duties and tariffs, and may increase as a result of various factors, including: a reduction in the number of suppliers due to restructuring, bankruptcies and consolidations, declining supply due to mine or mill closures and other factors that adversely impact supplier profitability, including increases in supplier operating expenses caused by rising raw material and energy costs. We may be unable to completely offset the impact with price increases on a timely basis due to outstanding commitments to our customers, competitive considerations or our customers’ resistance to accepting such price increases and our financial performance may be adversely impacted by further price increases. A failure by our suppliers to continue to supply us with certain raw materials or component parts on commercially reasonable terms, or at all, for any reason, including, without limitation, disruptions in our suppliers’ business due to cybersecurity incidents, terrorist activity, public health crises (such as the COVID-19 pandemic), fires or other natural disasters, could have a material adverse effect on us. To the extent there are energy supply disruptions or material fluctuations in energy costs, our margins could be materially adversely impacted.
In the past, the United States government has indicated its intent to alter its approach to trade policy, including, in some instances, to revise, renegotiate or terminate certain multilateral trade agreements and has also imposed new tariffs on certain foreign goods and raised the possibility of imposing additional increases or new tariffs on other goods. Such actions have, in some cases, led to retaliatory trade measures by certain foreign governments. Such policies could make it more difficult or costly for us to do business in or procure products from those countries. In turn, we may need to raise prices or make changes to our operations, which could negatively impact our revenue or operating results. At this time, it remains unclear what additional actions, if any, will be taken by the U.S. government or foreign governments with respect to tariff and international trade agreements and policies, and we cannot predict future trade policy or the terms of any revised trade agreements or any impact on our business.
Transportation disruptions or increases in our freight cost could adversely affect our profitability and other financial results.
Because certain of our products are procured from international sources, including China, and imported into our manufacturing and distribution center locations around the world, if disruptions in our transportation network occur or our shipping costs substantially increase, we may be unable to sell or timely deliver our products, and our operating expenses could increase. We are dependent upon the transportation systems we use to ship our products, including various transportation modes of freight such as land, water and air. Our attempts to closely match our inventory levels to our product demand intensify the need for our transportation systems to function effectively and without delay.
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The transportation network is subject to disruption or congestion from a variety of causes, including labor disputes or port strikes, acts of war or terrorism, natural disasters, and congestion resulting from higher shipping volumes. A port worker strike, work slow-down, or other transportation disruption in Long Beach, California, where we generally import our products to fulfill certain of our Horizon Americas operating segment orders, could significantly disrupt our business. Our international freight is regularly subjected to inspection by governmental entities. If our delivery times increase unexpectedly for these or any other reasons, our ability to deliver products on time would be materially adversely affected and result in delayed or lost revenue as well as customer imposed penalties. In addition, if increases in fuel prices occur, our transportation costs would likely increase. Moreover, the cost of shipping our products by air freight is greater than other methods. From time to time, we have shipped products using air freight to meet unexpected spikes and shifts in demand between product categories, to bring new product introductions to market quickly and to timely ship products previously ordered. If we rely more heavily upon air freight to deliver our products, our overall shipping costs will increase. A prolonged transportation disruption or a significant increase in the cost of freight could materially adversely affect our business, results of operations, and financial condition.
Our products are typically highly engineered or customer-driven and we are subject to risks associated with changing technology and manufacturing techniques that could place us at a competitive disadvantage.
We believe that our customers rigorously evaluate their suppliers on the basis of product quality, price competitiveness, technical expertise and development capability, new product innovation, reliability and timeliness of delivery, product design capability, manufacturing expertise, operational flexibility, customer service and overall management. Our success depends on our ability to continue to meet our customers’ changing expectations with respect to these criteria. We anticipate that we will remain committed to product research and development, advanced manufacturing techniques and service to remain competitive, which entails significant costs. We may be unable to address technological advances, implement new and more cost-effective manufacturing techniques, or introduce new or improved products, whether in existing or new markets, so as to maintain our businesses’ competitive positions or to grow our businesses as desired.
A portion of our sales is derived from international sources, which exposes us to certain risks which may adversely affect our business and our financial results.
We have operations outside of the United States. For the twelve months ended December 31, 2020, 43.9% of our net sales were derived from sales by our subsidiaries located outside of the United States. In addition, we may expand our international operations through internal growth and acquisitions. International operations, particularly sales to emerging markets and manufacturing in non-U.S. countries, are subject to risks which are not present within U.S. markets, which include, but are not limited to, the following:
changes in local government regulations and policies including, but not limited to, governmental embargoes, repatriation of earnings, expropriation of property, duty or tariff restrictions, investment limitations and tax policies;
changes in local economic conditions;
political and economic instability and disruptions, including labor unrest, civil strife, acts of war, guerrilla activities, insurrection and terrorism;
legislation that regulates the use of chemicals;
disadvantages of competing against companies from countries that are not subject to U.S. laws and regulations, including the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (“FCPA”);
compliance with international trade laws and regulations, including import and export control and economic sanctions, such as anti-dumping duties and countervailing duties, and/or government authorities that may question our international trade and/or customs positions or change their laws in a manner that may impact our business, financial results or operating cash flows;
difficulties in staffing and managing multi-national operations;
limitations on our ability to enforce legal rights and remedies;
tax inefficiencies in repatriating cash flow from non-U.S. subsidiaries that could affect our financial results and reduce our ability to service debt;
reduced protection of intellectual property rights;
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increasingly complex laws and regulations concerning privacy and data security, including the European Union’s General Data Protection Regulation;
the impacts related to the United Kingdom’s withdrawal from the European Union; and
other risks arising out of foreign sovereignty over the areas where our operations are conducted.
We are also exposed to risks relating to U.S. policy with respect to companies doing business in foreign jurisdictions. Changes in laws or policies governing the terms of foreign trade, in particular increased trade restrictions, tariffs or taxes on import from countries where we procure or manufacture products, such as China and Mexico, could have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations. For instance, the U.S. and Chinese governments have imposed a series of significant incremental retaliatory tariffs to certain imported goods. With respect to the automotive industry, the U.S. imposed tariffs on imports of certain steel, aluminum and automotive components, with China imposing retaliatory tariffs on certain automotive components. Given the uncertainty regarding the duration of the imposed tariffs, as well as the potential for additional tariffs by the United States, China or other countries, as well as other changes in tax policy, trade regulations or trade agreements, and the Company’s ability to implement strategies to mitigate the impact of changes in tax policy, tariffs or other trade regulations, our exposure to the risks described above could have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations.
Although our financial results are reported in U.S. dollars, a portion of our sales and operating costs are realized in foreign currencies. Our sales and profitability are impacted by the movement of the U.S. dollar against foreign currencies in the countries in which we generate sales and conduct operations. Long-term fluctuations in relative currency values could have an adverse effect on our operations and financial condition.
In addition, we could be adversely affected by violations of the FCPA and similar worldwide anti-bribery laws as well as export controls and economic sanction laws. The FCPA and similar anti-bribery laws in other jurisdictions generally prohibit companies and their intermediaries from making improper payments to non-U.S. officials for the purpose of obtaining or retaining business. Although we have internal control policies and procedures designed to ensure compliance with these regulations, there can be no assurance that our policies and procedures will protect us from acts committed by employees, agents or business partners of ours (or of businesses we acquire or partner with) that would violate these regulations. Any violation could cause an adverse effect on operations and financial conditions. Additionally, we rely on our suppliers to adhere to our supplier standards of conduct and material violations of such standards of conduct could occur that could have a material effect on our financial condition.
A future impairment of our intangible assets or goodwill could have a material negative impact on our financial results.
As of December 31, 2020, our intangible assets and goodwill were $58.2 million and $3.4 million, respectively. Intangibles and goodwill each represented 13% and 1% of our total assets, respectively. If we experience declines in sales and operating profit or do not meet our current and forecasted operating budget, we may be subject to future impairment charges. Because of the significance of these assets, any future impairment could have a material adverse effect on our financial results.
Risks Relating to Human Capital
We depend on the services of key individuals, the loss of which could materially harm us.
Our success will depend, in part, on the efforts of our senior management. Our future success will also depend on, among other factors, our ability to attract, develop and retain other qualified personnel. The loss of the services of any of our key employees or the failure to attract or retain qualified employees could have a material adverse effect on us.
We may be subject to further unionization and work stoppages at our facilities or our customers may be subject to work stoppages, which could seriously impact the profitability of our business.
As of December 31, 2020, 58% of our work force was unionized under several different unions. We are not aware of any present active union organizing drives at any of our other facilities. We cannot predict the impact of any further unionization of our workplace. Future labor disagreements could result in work stoppages. Any prolonged work stoppages at any of our facilities could have a material adverse effect on our business.
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Many of our direct or indirect customers have unionized work forces. Strikes, work stoppages or slowdowns experienced by these customers or their suppliers could result in slowdowns or closures of assembly plants where our products are included. In addition, organizations responsible for shipping our customers’ products may be impacted by occasional strikes or other activity. Any interruption in the delivery of our customers’ products could reduce demand for our products and could have a material adverse effect on us.
Our healthcare costs for active employees and future retirees may exceed our projections and may negatively affect our financial results.
We provide healthcare benefits for active employees through comprehensive hospital, surgical and major medical benefit provisions, all of which are subject to various cost-sharing features. If our costs under our benefit programs for active employees exceed our projections, our business and financial results could be materially adversely affected. Additionally, foreign competitors and many domestic competitors provide fewer benefits to their employees, and this difference in cost could adversely impact our competitive position.
Risks Relating to Intellectual Property
We may face liability associated with the use of products for which patent ownership or other intellectual property rights are claimed.
We may be subject to claims or inquiries regarding alleged unauthorized use of a third party’s intellectual property. An adverse outcome in any intellectual property litigation could subject us to significant liabilities to third parties, require us to license technology or other intellectual property rights from others, require us to comply with injunctions to cease marketing or using certain products or brands, or require us to redesign, re-engineer, or re-brand certain products or packaging, any of which could affect our business, financial condition and operating results. If we are required to seek licenses under patents or other intellectual property rights of others, we may not be able to acquire these licenses on acceptable terms, if at all. In addition, the cost of responding to an intellectual property infringement claim, in terms of legal fees and expenses and the diversion of management resources, whether or not the claim is valid, could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
We may be unable to adequately protect our intellectual property.
While we believe that our patents, trademarks and other intellectual property have significant value, it is uncertain that this intellectual property or any intellectual property acquired or developed by us in the future, will provide a meaningful competitive advantage. Our patents or pending applications may be challenged, invalidated or circumvented by competitors or rights granted thereunder may not provide meaningful proprietary protection. Moreover, competitors may infringe on our patents or successfully avoid them through design innovation. Policing unauthorized use of our intellectual property is difficult and expensive, and we may not be able to, or have the resources to, prevent misappropriation of our proprietary rights, particularly in countries where the laws may not protect such rights as fully as in the United States. The cost of protecting our intellectual property may be significant and could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and future results of operations.
Risks Relating to Financial Matters
We have a substantial amount of debt. To service our debt, we will require a significant amount of cash. Our ability to generate cash depends on many factors beyond our control. If we cannot generate the required cash, we may not be able to make the necessary payments required under our debt.
As of December 31, 2020, we had total gross debt of $266.1 million (without giving effect to the equity component of our convertible senior notes or any debt discount). Our ability to make payments on our debt, fund our other liquidity needs, and make planned capital expenditures will depend on our ability to generate cash in the future. Our historical financial results have been, and we anticipate that our future financial results will be, subject to fluctuations. Our ability to generate cash, to a certain extent, is subject to general economic, financial, competitive, legislative, regulatory and other factors that are beyond our control. We cannot guarantee that our business will generate sufficient cash flow from our operations or that future borrowings will be available to us in an amount sufficient to enable us to make payments of our debt, fund other liquidity needs and make planned capital expenditures. Additionally, we cannot guarantee that we will be able to refinance any of our debt on commercially acceptable terms, or at all.
The degree to which we are currently leveraged could have important consequences for shareholders. For example, it could:
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require us to dedicate a substantial portion of our cash from operations to the payment of debt service, reducing the availability of our cash flow to fund working capital, capital expenditures, acquisition and other general corporate purposes;
increase our vulnerability to adverse economic or industry conditions;
limit our ability to obtain additional financing in the future on acceptable terms and conditions to enable us to react to changes in our business; or
place us at a competitive disadvantage compared to businesses in our industry that have less debt.
Additionally, any failure to comply with covenants in the instruments governing our debt could result in an event of default which, if not cured or waived, would have a material adverse effect on us.
The terms of the agreements governing our revolving credit facility and our new term loan restrict our current and future operations, particularly our ability to respond to changes or to take certain actions.
The terms of the agreements governing our revolving credit facility and our new term loan contain a number of restrictive covenants that impose significant operating and financial restrictions on us and may limit our ability to engage in acts that may be in our long-term best interest, including restrictions on our ability to:
incur additional indebtedness and guarantee indebtedness;
pay dividends or make other distributions or repurchase or redeem capital stock;
prepay, redeem or repurchase certain debt;
issue certain preferred stock or similar equity securities;
make loans and investments;
sell assets;
incur liens;
enter into transactions with affiliates;
alter the businesses we conduct;
enter into agreements restricting our subsidiaries’ ability to pay dividends; and
consolidate, merge or sell all or substantially all of our assets.
In addition, the restrictive covenants in the agreements governing our revolving credit facility and our new term loan require us to maintain specified financial ratios and satisfy other financial condition tests. Although we entered into amendments to the agreements governing our debt in recent years to, among other things, provide for a relaxation of certain of our financial covenants, our ability to meet the financial ratios and tests can be affected by events beyond our control, and we may be unable to meet them.
A breach of the covenants or restrictions under agreements governing our revolving credit facility and our new term loan could result in an event of default under the applicable indebtedness. Such a default may allow the creditors to accelerate the related debt and may result in the acceleration of any other debt to which a cross-acceleration or cross-default provision applies. In addition, an event of default under the agreement governing our revolving credit facility would permit the lenders under our revolving credit facility to terminate all commitments to extend further credit under that facility. Furthermore, if we were unable to repay the amounts due and payable under our revolving credit facility and our new term loan, those lenders could proceed against the collateral granted them to secure that indebtedness. In the event our lenders accelerate the repayment of our borrowings, we and our subsidiaries may not have sufficient assets to repay that indebtedness. As a result of these restrictions, we may be:
limited in how we conduct our business;
unable to raise additional debt or equity financing to operate during general economic or business downturns; and
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unable to compete effectively or to take advantage of new business opportunities.
These restrictions may affect our ability to grow in accordance with our strategy. In addition, our financial results, our substantial indebtedness and our credit ratings could adversely affect the availability and terms of our financing.
Our access to new capital may be impacted by fluctuations in interest rates.
As part of our ongoing business, we are exposed to certain market risks, including fluctuations in interest rates and uncertainty regarding Federal Reserve policies. An increase in interest rates may result in tighter capital markets, increasing the cost and reducing the availability of debt financing. Restricted access to debt financing could impact that availability of working capital and may adversely affect us.
We have significant operating lease obligations and our failure to meet those obligations could adversely affect our financial condition.
We lease many of our manufacturing facilities and certain capital equipment. Our rent expense in 2020 under these operating leases was $15.0 million. A failure to pay our rental obligations would constitute a default allowing the applicable landlord to pursue any remedy available to it under applicable law, which would include taking possession of our property and, in the case of real property, evicting us. These leases are categorized as operating leases and are not considered indebtedness for purposes of our debt instruments.
Risks Relating to Legal and Regulatory Matters
We may incur material losses and costs as a result of product liability, recall and warranty claims that may be brought against us.
A significant product liability lawsuit, warranty claim or product recall involving us could adversely affect our financial performance. In the event that our products fail to perform as expected, regardless of fault, and such failure results in, or is alleged to result in, bodily injury and/or property damage or other losses, we may be subject to product liability lawsuits and other claims or we may be required to participate in a recall or other corrective action involving such products. Further, any product liability or warranty issues may adversely affect our reputation as a manufacturer of high-quality, safe products, divert management’s attention, and could have a material adverse effect on our business.
We currently carry insurance and maintain reserves for product liability, warranty claims and product recall. However, our insurance coverage may be inadequate if such claims do arise and any liability not covered by insurance could have a material adverse effect on our business. Although we have been able to obtain insurance in amounts we believe to be appropriate to cover such liability to date, our insurance premiums may increase in the future as a consequence of conditions in the insurance business generally or our situation in particular. Any such increase could result in lower net income or cause the need to reduce our insurance coverage. Any product liability claim may also include the imposition of punitive damages, the award of which, pursuant to certain state laws, may not be covered by insurance. Our product liability insurance policies have limits that, if exceeded, may result in material costs that could have an adverse effect on our future profitability. In addition, warranty claims are generally not covered by our product liability insurance.
Our business may be materially and adversely affected by compliance obligations and liabilities under environmental laws and regulations.
We are subject to stringent environmental laws and regulations at the local, state, national and international levels, and existing and any new laws and regulations, including those relating to air emissions, wastewater discharges and chemical and hazardous waste management, could affect our general business operations. Some of these environmental laws hold owners or operators of land or businesses liable for their own and for previous owners’ or operators’ releases of hazardous or toxic substances or wastes. Other environmental laws and regulations require the obtainment and compliance with environmental permits. To date, costs of complying with environmental, health and safety requirements have not been material. However, the nature of our operations and our long history of industrial activities at certain of our current or former facilities, as well as those acquired, could potentially result in material environmental liabilities.
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While we must comply with existing and pending climate change legislation, regulation and international treaties or accords, current laws and regulations have not had a material impact on our business, capital expenditures or financial position. We cannot assess the financial or operational impact of future regulatory changes; however, future events, including those relating to climate change or greenhouse gas regulation, could require us to incur expenses related to the modification or curtailment of operations, installation of pollution control equipment or investigation and cleanup of contaminated sites.
Changes in laws or regulations or the manner of their interpretation or enforcement could adversely impact our financial performance and restrict our ability to operate our business or execute our strategies.
New laws or regulations, or changes in existing laws or regulations, or the manner of their interpretation or enforcement, could increase our cost of doing business and restrict our ability to operate our business or execute our strategies. In particular, there may be significant changes in U.S. laws and regulations and existing international trade agreements by the current U.S. presidential administration that could affect a wide variety of industries and businesses, including those businesses we own and operate. If the current U.S. presidential administration materially modifies U.S. laws and regulations and international trade agreements, our business, financial condition, and results of operations could be adversely affected.
We could be adversely affected by changes to federal, state, and local tax laws due to changes in compliance requirements. We are subject to extensive tax liabilities imposed by multiple jurisdictions, including but not limited to income taxes, indirect taxes (such as excise, sales & use, and gross receipts taxes), payroll taxes, and property taxes. Tax laws and regulations are dynamic and subject to change as new laws are passed and new interpretations of existing laws are issued and applied. The activity could result in increased expenditures for tax liabilities in the future. Many of these liabilities are subject to periodic audits by the respective taxing authorities. Subsequent changes to our tax liabilities as a result of these audits may subject us to interest and penalties, which could have a material effect on our financial condition and results of operations.
Risks Relating to Cybersecurity
Increased information technology security threats and more sophisticated and targeted computer crime could pose a risk to our systems, networks, and products.
We collect, store, have access to and otherwise process certain confidential or sensitive data, including proprietary business information, personal data or other information that is subject to U.S. or international privacy and security laws, regulations and/or customer-imposed controls. Increased global information technology security threats and more sophisticated and targeted computer crime pose a risk to the security of our systems and networks and the confidentiality, availability and integrity of our data and communications. While we attempt to mitigate these risks by employing a number of measures, monitoring of our networks and systems, and maintenance of backup and protective systems, our systems, networks and products remain potentially vulnerable to compromise from advanced persistent threats, employee malfeasance, human or technological error, and other cybersecurity threats. Depending on their nature and scope, such threats could potentially lead to the compromising of confidential information and communications, improper use of our systems and networks, manipulation and destruction of data, defective products, production downtimes and operational disruptions, which in turn could adversely affect our reputation, customer relationships, competitiveness and results of operations. We may be required to incur significant costs to remedy damages caused by these disruptions or security breaches or to protect against disruption or security breaches in the future. We have cybersecurity insurance related to a breach event covering expenses for notification, credit monitoring, investigation, crisis management, public relations and legal advice. However, damage and claims arising from such incidents may not be covered or may exceed the amount of any insurance available, or may result in increased cybersecurity and other insurance premiums.
A major disruption or failure of our information systems could harm our business.
We depend on integrated information systems to conduct our business. We may experience operating problems with our information systems as a result of system disruptions, failures, viruses, computer hackers or other causes. Any significant disruption or slowdown of our systems could cause customers to cancel orders or cause standard business processes to become inefficient or ineffective. An extended interruption of standard business processes may affect our profitability and financial position.
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Risks Relating to the Spin-off
We remain subject to continuing indemnification liabilities in connection with the Spin-off.
We entered into a separation and distribution agreement with TriMas that provides for, among other things, the principal corporate transactions required to affect the Spin-off, certain conditions to the Spin-off and provisions governing the relationship between our company and TriMas with respect to and resulting from the Spin-off. Among other things, the separation and distribution agreement provides for indemnification obligations designed to make us financially responsible for substantially all liabilities that may exist relating to our Cequent business activities, whether incurred prior to or after the Spin-off, as well as those obligations of TriMas assumed by us pursuant to the separation and distribution agreement. If we are required to indemnify TriMas under the circumstances set forth in the separation and distribution agreement, we may be subject to substantial liabilities.
Moreover, pursuant to the separation and distribution agreement, TriMas agreed to indemnify us for certain liabilities. However, third parties could seek to hold us responsible for any of the liabilities that TriMas has agreed to retain, and there can be no assurance that the indemnity from TriMas will be sufficient to protect us against the full amount of such liabilities, or that TriMas will be able to fully satisfy its indemnification obligations. Even if we ultimately succeed in recovering from TriMas any amounts for which we are held liable, we may be temporarily required to bear these liabilities ourselves. If TriMas is unable to satisfy its indemnification obligations, the underlying liabilities could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
Further, TriMas’ insurers may deny coverage to us for liabilities associated with occurrences prior to the Spin-off. Even if we ultimately succeed in recovering from such insurance providers, we may be required to temporarily bear such loss of coverage.
Potential liabilities associated with certain assumed obligations under the tax sharing agreement cannot be precisely quantified at this time.
Under the tax sharing agreement with TriMas, we are responsible generally for certain taxes paid after the Spin-off attributable to us or any of our subsidiaries, whether accruing before, on or after the Spin-off. We have also agreed to be responsible for, and to indemnify TriMas with respect to, all taxes arising as a result of the Spin-off (or certain internal restructuring transactions) failing to qualify as transactions under Sections 368(a) and 355 of the Code for U.S. federal income tax purposes (which could result, for example, from a merger or other transaction involving an acquisition of our shares) to the extent such tax liability arises as a result of any breach of any representation, warranty, covenant or other obligation by us or certain affiliates made in connection with the issuance of the tax opinion relating to the Spin-off or in the tax sharing agreement. As described above, such tax liability would be calculated as though TriMas (or its affiliate) had sold its shares of common stock of our company in a taxable sale for their fair market value, and TriMas (or its affiliate) would recognize taxable gain in an amount equal to the excess of the fair market value of such shares over its tax basis in such shares. Any such tax liability could have a material adverse effect on us.
Risks Relating to Our Common Stock and Convertible Notes
While we are currently in compliance with the NYSE's minimum market capitalization requirement, we could be at risk of being out of compliance and of the NYSE delisting our common stock, which would have an adverse impact on the trading volume, liquidity and market price of our common stock.
On April 30, 2020, we were notified by the New York Stock Exchange (the “NYSE”) that we were not in compliance with the continued listing standard set forth in Section 802.01B of the NYSE Listed Company Manual because our average market capitalization was less than $50 million over a consecutive 30 trading-day period and our stockholders’ equity was less than $50 million. We submitted a plan to the NYSE indicating our intention to seek to cure the market capitalization condition by executing a strategic plan, which resulted in improved operational and financial performance that ultimately led to a recovery of our common stock price and market capitalization and our once again being in compliance with the minimum market capitalization requirement. While we have cured this deficiency and regained compliance with this continued listing standard, there can be no assurance that we will be able to continue to comply with this and other continued listing standards of the NYSE.
A delisting of our common stock from the NYSE could negatively impact us as it would likely reduce the liquidity and market price of our common stock; reduce the number of investors willing to hold or acquire our common stock, and negatively impact our ability to access equity markets and obtain financing.
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Our issuance of any additional shares of our common stock, including pursuant to the exercise of instruments convertible into or exercisable for shares of our common stock, or the issuance of additional instruments convertible into or exercisable for shares of our common stock, could materially and adversely affect the market price of our common stock.
In February 2017, we issued $125.0 million aggregate principal amount of 2.75% Convertible Senior Notes due 2022 (the “Convertible Notes”). The Convertible Notes may be settled in cash, shares of common stock or a combination of cash and shares of common stock, at our option. In the future, we may issue additional shares of our common stock or other instruments convertible into, or exchangeable or exercisable for, shares of our common stock. The Convertible Notes issuance, and any future issuance of shares of our common stock or instruments convertible into, or exercisable or exchangeable into, shares of our common stock, may materially and adversely affect the market price of our common stock.
In connection with the issuance of a term loan in 2019, we issued detachable warrants to purchase up to 6.25 million shares of our common stock, which can be exercised on a cashless basis over a five-year term with an exercise price of $1.50 per share. In addition, in connection with the issuance of our new term loan in February 2021, we issued detachable warrants to purchase up to 3.91 million shares of our common stock, which can be exercised on a cashless basis over a five-year term with an exercise price of $9.00 per share. The warrants could have a dilutive effect on our common stock to the extent that the market price per share of our common stock exceeds the strike price of the warrants. 
In particular, a substantial number of shares of our common stock are reserved for issuance upon conversion of the Convertible Notes upon exercise and settlement or termination of the warrants that we entered into in connection with the Convertible Notes offering and term loans, and upon the exercise of stock options, the vesting of restricted stock awards and deferred restricted stock units to our employees. We cannot predict the size of future issuances or the effect, if any, that they may have on the market price for our common stock. The issuance and sale of substantial amounts of shares of our common stock, or the perception that such issuances and sales may occur, could adversely affect the market price of our common stock and impair our ability to raise capital through the sale of additional equity or equity-linked securities.
The conditional conversion features of our Convertible Notes, if triggered, may adversely affect our financial condition.
In the event the conditional conversion features of the Convertible Notes are triggered, holders of the Convertible Notes will be entitled to convert the Convertible Notes at any time during specified periods at their option. If one or more holders elect to convert their Convertible Notes, unless we elect to satisfy our conversion obligation by delivering solely shares of our common stock, we would be required to make cash payments to satisfy all or a portion of our conversion obligation based on the conversion rate, which could adversely affect our liquidity. In addition, even if holders do not elect to convert their Convertible Notes, we could be required under applicable accounting rules to reclassify all or a portion of the outstanding principal of the Convertible Notes as a current rather than long-term liability, which could result in a material reduction of our net working capital.
The convertible note hedge transactions (“Convertible Note Hedges”) and warrant transactions (“Warrants”) that we entered into in connection with the offering of our Convertible Notes may affect the value of the Convertible Notes and our common stock.
In connection with the offering of the Convertible Notes, we entered into convertible note hedge transactions with certain option counterparties. The Convertible Note Hedges are expected generally to reduce the potential dilution upon conversion of the Convertible Notes and/or offset any cash payments we are required to make in excess of the principal amount of converted Convertible Notes, as the case may be. We also entered into warrant transactions with each option counterparty. The Warrants could separately have a dilutive effect on our common stock to the extent that the market price per share of our common stock exceeds the strike price of the Warrants. In connection with establishing its initial hedge of the Convertible Note Hedges and Warrants, each option counterparty or an affiliate thereof may have entered into various derivative transactions with respect to our common stock concurrently with or shortly after the pricing of the Convertible Notes. This activity could increase (or reduce the size of any decrease in) the market price of our common stock or the Convertible Notes at that time. In addition, each option counterparty or an affiliate thereof may modify its hedge position by entering into or unwinding various derivatives with respect to our common stock and/or purchasing or selling our common stock or other securities of ours in secondary market transactions prior to the maturity of the Convertible Notes (and is likely to do so during any observation period related to a conversion of the Convertible Notes). This activity could also cause or avoid an increase or a decrease in the market price of our common stock or the Convertible Notes. In addition, if any such Convertible Note Hedges and Warrants fail to become effective, each option counterparty may unwind its hedge position with respect to our common stock, which could adversely affect the value of our common stock and the value of the Convertible Notes.
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General Risk Factors
Our reputation, ability to do business and results of operations may be impaired by improper conduct by any of our employees, agents, or business partners.
While we strive to maintain high standards, we cannot provide assurance that our internal controls and compliance systems will always protect us from acts committed by our employees, agents, or business partners that would violate U.S. and/or non-U.S. laws or fail to protect our confidential information, including the laws governing payments to government officials, bribery, fraud, anti-kickback and false claims rules, competition, export and import compliance, money laundering, and data privacy laws, as well as the improper use of proprietary information or social media. Any such allegations, violations of law or improper actions could subject us to civil or criminal investigations in the United States and in other jurisdictions, could lead to substantial civil or criminal, monetary and non-monetary penalties, and related shareholder lawsuits, could lead to increased costs of compliance, could damage our reputation and could have a material effect on our financial statements.
Our stock price may be subject to significant volatility due to our own results or market trends.
If our revenue, earnings or cash flows in any quarter fail to meet the investment community’s expectations, there could be an immediate negative impact on our stock price. Our stock price could also be impacted by broader market trends and world events unrelated to our performance.
We may issue preferred stock with terms that could dilute the voting power or reduce the value of our common stock.
Our certificate of incorporation authorizes us to issue, without the approval of our stockholders, one or more classes or series of preferred stock having such designation, powers, preferences and relative, participating, optional and other special rights, including preferences over our common stock respecting dividends and distributions, as our board of directors generally may determine. The terms of one or more classes or series of preferred stock could dilute the voting power or reduce the value of our common stock. For example, we could grant holders of preferred stock the right to elect some number of our directors in all events or on the happening of specified events or the right to veto specified transactions. Similarly, the repurchase or redemption rights or liquidation preferences we could assign to holders of preferred stock could affect the residual value of our common stock.
Anti-takeover provisions contained in our Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as amended, or our “certificate of incorporation,” and Amended and Restated Bylaws, or our “bylaws,” as well as provisions of Delaware law, could impair a takeover attempt that stockholders may consider favorable.
Our certificate of incorporation and bylaws provisions, as amended and restated, may have the effect of delaying, deferring or discouraging a prospective acquiror from making a tender offer for our common stock or otherwise attempting to obtain control of us. These provisions, among other things, establish that our board of directors fixes the number of members of the board and establish advance notice requirements for nomination of candidates for election to the board or for proposing matters that can be acted on by stockholders at stockholder meetings. To the extent that these provisions discourage takeover attempts, they could deprive stockholders of opportunities to realize takeover premiums for their shares of common stock. Moreover, these provisions could discourage accumulations of large blocks of our common stock, thus depriving stockholders of any advantages that large accumulations of common stock might provide.
As a Delaware corporation, we will also be subject to provisions of Delaware law, including Section 203 of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware. Section 203 prevents some stockholders holding more than 15% of our voting stock from engaging in certain business combinations unless the business combination or the transaction that resulted in the stockholder becoming an interested stockholder was approved in advance by our board of directors, results in the stockholder holding more than 85% of our voting stock, subject to certain restrictions, or is approved at an annual or special meeting of stockholders by the holders of at least 66 2/3% of our voting stock not held by the stockholder engaging in the transaction.
Any provision of our certificate of incorporation or our bylaws or Delaware law that has the effect of delaying or deterring a change in control could limit the opportunity for our stockholders to receive a premium for their shares of our common stock and could also affect the price that some investors are willing to pay for our common stock.
Item 1B.    Unresolved Staff Comments
Not applicable.
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Item 2.    Properties
As of December 31, 2020, our material operations were conducted principally through our manufacturing and distribution facilities located in our Horizon Americas and Horizon Europe-Africa segments. All of our principal facilities are leased. Our global headquarters is located in Plymouth, Michigan. We believe that substantially all of our properties are in generally good condition and there is sufficient capacity to meet current and projected manufacturing, product development and logistics requirements and have developed a footprint strategy that supports our customers’ global needs.
Item 3.    Legal Proceedings
We are subject to claims and litigation in the ordinary course of business, but we do not believe that any such claim or litigation is likely to have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows. For additional information regarding legal proceedings, refer to Note 14, Contingencies, included in Item 8, “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data,” within this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Item 4.    Mine Safety Disclosures
Not applicable.
Supplementary Item. Information About Our Executive Officers
The current executive officers of Horizon are as follows:
Terrence G. Gohl. Mr. Gohl was appointed to our Board and has served as President and Chief Executive Officer since September 2019. Prior to joining the Company, Mr. Gohl served as Chief Operating Officer of International Automotive Components (“IAC”) Group, a supplier of automotive components and systems, from February 2017 to June 2018. From March 2009 to January 2017, Mr. Gohl served as President and Chief Executive Officer of Key Plastics L.L.C. (“Key Plastics”), a global manufacturer and supplier of injection molded plastic components to automotive OEMs. Prior to joining Key Plastics, from 2004 to March 2009, Mr. Gohl served in various executive management and corporate officer roles with Visteon Corporation, a global automotive leader in cockpit electronics. From 1995 to 2005, Mr. Gohl held executive positions with Tower Automotive, an automotive manufacturer, and Lear Corporation, a global leading supplier of automotive seating and e-systems. Mr. Gohl brings extensive automotive industry leadership to the Horizon Board, with deep expertise in manufacturing, operations and turnaround situations.
Dennis E. Richardville. Mr. Richardville was appointed Chief Financial Officer on March 16, 2020. Prior to this appointment, Mr. Richardville served as Vice President and Corporate Treasurer of the Company since January 2020. Prior to joining the Company, Mr. Richardville served as chief financial officer of Dura Automotive Systems, LLC, a global Tier One automotive supplier specializing in the design, engineering and manufacturing of advanced mobility system solutions, from August 2019 to September 2019. Mr. Richardville served as executive vice president and chief financial officer of IAC, a leading global supplier of automotive components and systems, including interior and exterior trim, from April 2012 to December 2019. From 2007 to 2012, Mr. Richardville served as vice president and global corporate controller for IAC. Prior to joining IAC, Mr. Richardville held various finance positions with Lear Corporation, Wesley Industries, Inc., MSX International, Inc. and Hayes Lemmerz International Inc. from 1999 to 2007.
Matthew J. Meyer. Mr. Meyer was appointed Chief Accounting Officer on December 12, 2019. Mr. Meyer also held the role of principal financial officer from March 3, 2020 until March 16, 2020. Mr. Meyer was previously Corporate Controller for Horizon Global since November 2018. Prior to joining the Company, Mr. Meyer, served in a variety of management positions for Joyson Safety Systems, a global leader in mobility safety providing safety-critical components, systems and technology to automotive and non-automotive markets, from December 2015 to November 2018, and ultimately served as corporate controller. From January 2015 to December 2015, Meyer served as director, accounting and reporting for Federal-Mogul Holdings Corporation, a developer, manufacturer and supplier of products for automotive, commercial, aerospace, marine, rail and off-road vehicles; and industrial, agricultural and power-generation applications (“Federal-Mogul”). Prior to his position with Federal-Mogul, from September 2011 to January 2015, Mr. Meyer served in a variety of management positions of increasing responsibility, ultimately serving as compliance director for Kelly Services Inc., a global leader in providing workforce solutions, including outsourcing and consulting services. Meyer also served in a variety of positions leading up to an audit manager position with KPMG, LLP, a global network of professional firms providing audit, tax and advisory services, from January 2007 to September 2011.
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Matthew T. Pollick. Mr. Pollick has served as our Chief Operating Officer since November 11, 2019. Before joining Horizon, Mr. Pollick served as Executive Vice President of Industrial Management for Gestamp North America, a company dedicated to the design, development and manufacture of metal automotive components, from September 2016 to November 2019. From April 2014 to September 2016, Mr. Pollick was a general manager of Bowling Green Metalforming, a subsidiary of Magna International, a leading global automotive mobility technology and automotive parts supplier (“Magna”). Prior to joining Magna, from April 2002 to April 2014, Mr. Pollick held roles of increasing responsibility at Tower International, a leading manufacturer of engineered automotive structural metal components and assemblies, ultimately serving as its Director of Operations.
James F. Sistek. Mr. Sistek has served as our Chief Administrative Officer since December 9, 2019. Prior to joining Horizon, Mr. Sistek served as senior vice president business operations for Superior Industries International, Inc. (“Superior”), a Tier 1 automotive supplier of aluminum wheels, from August 2014 to January 2019. During his tenure at Superior, Mr. Sistek was directly responsible for product development and launch, supply chain and logistics, quality, information technology and served as the executive lead on a corporate-wide overhaul of the operating model. From January 2013 to August 2014, Mr. Sistek served as president and founder of Infologic, Inc. (“Infologic”), a consulting services company specializing in the optimization of business operations, where he streamlined business processes, supported program development and launch programs, and provided complete technology assessments for Tier 1 suppliers and IT service providers. Prior to forming Infologic, from October 2005 to January 2013, Mr. Sistek held various leadership positions at Visteon Corporation, a global automotive electronics supplier, ultimately serving as vice president shared services and chief information officer from 2009 to 2013.
Jay Goldbaum Mr. Goldbaum has served as our General Counsel, Chief Compliance Officer and Corporate Secretary since November 13, 2017. Mr. Goldbaum served as Legal Director, Chief Compliance Officer and Corporate Secretary since June 30, 2015 in connection with the spin-off from TriMas Corporation (“TriMas”). From January 14, 2015 through June 29, 2015, Mr. Goldbaum served as Vice President, Corporate Secretary and a director of Horizon. Mr. Goldbaum was previously associate general counsel-commercial law for TriMas beginning in January 2014. Mr. Goldbaum joined TriMas in January 2012 and held the position of legal counsel. Before joining TriMas, Mr. Goldbaum was an associate in the corporate and litigation practice groups at the law firm of Jaffe, Raitt, Heuer & Weiss, P.C. from September 2007 to August 2011.

24




PART II
Item 5.    Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
Our common stock, par value $0.01 per share, is listed for trading on the NYSE under the symbol “HZN.” As of March 8, 2021, there were 199 holders of record of our common stock.
Horizon does not intend to declare and pay any dividends on its common stock for the foreseeable future. The Company currently intends to invest its future earnings, if any, to fund its growth, to develop its business, for working capital needs and for general corporate purposes. Any payment of dividends will be at the discretion of Horizon’s board of directors and will depend upon various factors then existing, including earnings, financial condition, results of operations, capital requirements, level of indebtedness, contractual restrictions with respect to payment of dividends, restrictions imposed by applicable law, general business conditions and other factors that Horizon’s board of directors may deem relevant.
Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
Not applicable.
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Item 6.    Selected Financial Data
Not applicable.
Item 7.    Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition contains forward-looking statements regarding industry outlook and our expectations regarding the performance of our business. These forward-looking statements are subject to numerous risks and uncertainties, including, but not limited to, the risks and uncertainties described under the heading “Forward-Looking Statements,” at the beginning of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Our actual results may differ materially from those contained in or implied by any forward-looking statements.
You should read the following discussion together with Item 8, “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” within this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Overview
Headquartered in Plymouth, Michigan, Horizon Global Corporation and its consolidated subsidiaries (“Horizon,” “Horizon Global,” “we,” or the “Company”) are a leading designer, manufacturer and distributor of a wide variety of high-quality, custom-engineered towing, trailering, cargo management and other related accessory products on a global basis, primarily servicing the aftermarket, retail, e-commerce, automotive original equipment manufacturers (“automotive OEMs”) and automotive original equipment servicers (“automotive OESs”) (collectively, “OEs”) channels, supporting our customers generally through a regional service and delivery model.
Critical factors affecting our ability to succeed include:
Our ability to realize the expected future economic benefits resulting from the changes made to our manufacturing operations, distribution footprint and management team in recent years, including the operational improvement initiatives implemented in 2019-2020, which are continuously ongoing to support margin expansion;
Our ability to continue to manage our liquidity, including continuing to deleverage our balance sheet and service our debt obligations and the applicable financial covenants thereto, especially given our recent debt refinancing and capital structure alignment to support business growth and the Company’s long-term strategic plan;
Our ability to quickly and cost-effectively introduce new products to our customers and end-user market with a resulting streamlined customer service model and improved operating margins;
Our ability to continue to successfully launch new products and customer programs to expand or realign our geographic coverage or distribution channels and realize desired operating efficiencies and product line or customer content penetration;
Our ability to manage our cost structure more efficiently via global supply base management, internal sourcing and/or purchasing of materials, selective outsourcing of support functions, working capital management and a global approach to leverage our administrative functions; and
Our ability to manage any future business disruption and the operational and financial impacts, including temporary facility closures, liquidity and other economic and business uncertainties related to the novel coronavirus (“COVID-19”) pandemic as further detailed below.
If we are unable to do any of the foregoing successfully, our financial condition and results of operations could be materially and adversely impacted.
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In December 2019, an outbreak of COVID-19 occurred in China, spread throughout the world and was declared a pandemic. In connection with the COVID-19 pandemic, we have been adhering to mandates and other guidance from local governments and health authorities, as well as the World Health Organization and the Centers for Disease Control. As a result of the pandemic, we experienced temporary decreases in demand and customer orders for our products in one or more of our sales channels, as well as temporary disruptions and closures of some of our facilities as we flexed our operations in response to changes in customer demand or government mandates. The COVID-19 pandemic also impacted various aspects of the supply chain as our suppliers experienced similar business disruptions due to operating restrictions from government mandates. We continue to monitor the procurement of raw materials and components used in the manufacturing, distribution and sale of our products, but future disruptions in the supply chain due to the COVID-19 pandemic may cause difficulty in sourcing materials or unexpected shortages or delays in delivery of raw materials and components, and may result in increased costs in our supply chain.
As government mandates and operating restrictions began to abate, the demand for our products responded and our facilities returned to full operational status early in the third quarter of 2020. Although we have taken decisive actions to enhance our financial flexibility, minimize the impact to the business and ensure the health and safety of our employees and other individuals of the communities where we conduct business, the extent and duration of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic remains uncertain and could adversely impact our results of operations in future periods. The actions taken are further summarized in the Liquidity and Capital Resources and Outlook sections below.
Horizon Global reports its business in two operating segments: Horizon Americas and Horizon Europe‑Africa. The Company previously had a third operating segment, Horizon Asia‑Pacific (“APAC”), which was sold in the third quarter of 2019. See Note 4, Discontinued Operations, and Note 18, Segment Information, each included in Item 8, “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data,” within this Annual Report on Form 10-K for further information regarding discontinued operations and the Company’s operating segments, respectively.
Shipping and handling costs associated with outbound freight are accounted for as a fulfillment cost and are included in cost of sales in our consolidated statements of operations. Other shipping and handling expenses, which primarily relate to Horizon Americas’ distribution network, are included in selling, general and administrative expenses in our consolidated statements of operations.
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Supplemental Analysis and Segment Information
Non-GAAP Financial Measures
The Company’s management utilizes Adjusted EBITDA as the key measure of company and segment performance and for planning and forecasting purposes, as management believes this measure is most reflective of the operational profitability or loss of the Company and its operating segments and provides management and investors with information to evaluate the operating performance of its business and is representative of its performance used to measure certain of its financial covenants, further discussed in the Liquidity and Capital Resources section below. Adjusted EBITDA should not be considered a substitute for results prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP and should not be considered an alternative to net income attributable to Horizon Global, which is the most directly comparable financial measure to Adjusted EBITDA that is prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Adjusted EBITDA, as determined and measured by Horizon Global, should also not be compared to similarly titled measures reported by other companies. The Company also uses operating profit (loss) to measure stand-alone segment performance.
Adjusted EBITDA is defined as net income attributable to Horizon Global before interest expense, income taxes, depreciation and amortization, and before certain items, as applicable, such as severance, restructuring, relocation and related business disruption costs, impairment of goodwill and other intangibles, non-cash stock compensation, certain product liability and litigation claims, acquisition and integration costs, gains (losses) on business divestitures and other assets, board transition support and non-cash unrealized foreign currency remeasurement costs.
Adjusted EBITDA for our operating segments for the twelve months ended December 31, 2020 is as follows:
Twelve Months Ended
December 31, 2020
Horizon Americas Horizon Europe-Africa Corporate Consolidated
(dollars in thousands)
Net loss attributable to Horizon Global $ (36,560)
Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest (1,420)
Net loss $ (37,980)
Interest expense 31,680 
Income tax benefit (1,580)
Depreciation and amortization 22,910 
EBITDA $ 34,030  $ 6,610  $ (25,610) $ 15,030 
Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest —  1,420  —  1,420 
Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax —  —  500  500 
Severance 530  (360) 20  190 
Restructuring, relocation and related business disruption costs 1,700  170  740  2,610 
Non-cash stock compensation —  —  3,000  3,000 
Loss (gain) on business divestitures and other assets 1,480  (180) 20  1,320 
Board transition support —  —  (170) (170)
Product liability and litigation claims —  1,510  —  1,510 
Debt issuance costs —  60  1,870  1,930 
Unrealized foreign currency remeasurement costs 690  (550) (1,070) (930)
Adjusted EBITDA $ 38,430  $ 8,680  $ (20,700) $ 26,410 
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Adjusted EBITDA for our operating segments for the twelve months ended December 31, 2019 is as follows:
Twelve Months Ended
December 31, 2019
Horizon Americas Horizon Europe-Africa Corporate Consolidated
(dollars in thousands)
Net income attributable to Horizon Global $ 80,750 
Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest (1,240)
Net income $ 79,510 
Interest expense 58,270 
Income tax benefit (10,820)
Depreciation and amortization 21,690 
EBITDA $ (4,320) $ (3,370) $ 156,340  $ 148,650 
Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest —  1,240  —  1,240 
Income from discontinued operations, net of tax —  —  (189,520) (189,520)
Severance (200) 1,330  2,050  3,180 
Restructuring, relocation and related business disruption costs 9,500  (1,190) 3,990  12,300 
Non-cash stock compensation —  —  2,150  2,150 
Loss on business divestitures and other assets 2,070  3,630  —  5,700 
Board transition support —  —  1,450  1,450 
Product liability and litigation claims 820  1,760  —  2,580 
Debt issuance costs —  —  4,070  4,070 
Unrealized foreign currency remeasurement costs —  (180) 130  (50)
Other 560  (450) (170) (60)
Adjusted EBITDA $ 8,430  $ 2,770  $ (19,510) $ (8,310)
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Segment Information
As a result of the Company’s sale of its APAC segment in 2019, the Company’s operating segments are Horizon Americas and Horizon Europe‑Africa. APAC results are reported separately as a discontinued operation in our consolidated financial statements for all periods presented. See Note 4, Discontinued Operations, and Note 18, Segment Information, included in Item 8, “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data,” within this Annual Report on Form 10-K, for additional information.
Financial information for our operating segments for the twelve months ended December 31, 2020 and 2019 is as follows:
  Twelve Months Ended December 31, Change Constant Currency Change
2020 As a Percentage of Net Sales 2019 As a Percentage of Net Sales $ % $ %
(dollars in thousands)
Net Sales            
Horizon Americas $ 382,380  57.8  % $ 372,720  54.0  % $ 9,660  2.6  % $ 11,030  3.0  %
Horizon Europe‑Africa 278,850  42.2  % 317,730  46.0  % (38,880) (12.2) % (44,350) (14.0) %
Total $ 661,230  100.0  % $ 690,450  100.0  % $ (29,220) (4.2) % $ (33,320) (4.8) %
Gross Profit      
Horizon Americas $ 95,850  25.1  % $ 71,640  19.2  % $ 24,210  33.8  % $ 24,760  34.6  %
Horizon Europe‑Africa 24,700  8.9  % 24,590  7.7  % 110  0.4  % (800) (3.3) %
Total $ 120,550  18.2  % $ 96,230  13.9  % $ 24,320  25.3  % $ 23,960  24.9  %
Selling, General and Administrative Expense
Horizon Americas $ 67,840  17.7  % $ 81,450  21.9  % $ (13,610) (16.7) % $ (12,930) (15.9) %
Horizon Europe‑Africa 33,060  11.9  % 38,050  12.0  % (4,990) (13.1) % (5,480) (14.4) %
Corporate 26,470  N/A 34,680  N/A (8,210) (23.7) % (8,210) (23.7) %
Total $ 127,370  19.3  % $ 154,180  22.3  % $ (26,810) (17.4) % $ (26,620) (17.3) %
Operating Profit (Loss)
Horizon Americas $ 27,950  7.3  % $ (10,390) (2.8) % $ 38,340  369.0  % $ 38,220  367.9  %
Horizon Europe‑Africa (8,390) (3.0) % (12,100) (3.8) % 3,710  30.7  % 3,280  27.1  %
Corporate (26,470) N/A (34,680) N/A 8,210  23.7  % 8,210  23.7  %
Total $ (6,910) (1.0) % $ (57,170) (8.3) % $ 50,260  87.9  % $ 49,710  87.0  %
Capital Expenditures
Horizon Americas $ 3,670  1.0  % $ 6,590  1.8  % $ (2,920) (44.3) % $ (2,830) (42.9) %
Horizon Europe‑Africa 9,640  3.5  % 3,080  1.0  % 6,560  213.0  % 6,650  215.9  %
Corporate —  N/A 50  N/A (50) —  % (50) —  %
Total $ 13,310  2.0  % $ 9,720  1.4  % $ 3,590  36.9  % $ 3,770  38.8  %
Depreciation of Property and Equipment and Amortization of Intangibles
Horizon Americas $ 8,420  2.2  % $ 8,670  2.3  % $ (250) (2.9) % $ (140) (1.6) %
Horizon Europe‑Africa 14,280  5.1  % 11,720  3.7  % 2,560  21.8  % 2,320  19.8  %
Corporate 210  N/A 1,300  N/A (1,090) (83.8) % (1,090) (83.8) %
Total $ 22,910  3.5  % $ 21,690  3.1  % $ 1,220  5.6  % $ 1,090  5.0  %
Adjusted EBITDA
Horizon Americas $ 38,430  10.1  % $ 8,430  2.3  % $ 30,000  355.9  % N/A N/A
Horizon Europe-Africa 8,680  3.1  % 2,770  0.9  % 5,910  213.4  % N/A N/A
Corporate (20,700) N/A (19,510) N/A (1,190) (6.1) % N/A N/A
Total $ 26,410  4.0  % $ (8,310) (1.2) % $ 34,720  417.8  % N/A N/A
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Results of Operations
Twelve Months Ended December 31, 2020 Compared with Twelve Months Ended December 31, 2019
Consolidated net sales decreased $29.3 million, or 4.2%, to $661.2 million during the twelve months ended December 31, 2020, as compared to $690.5 million during the twelve months ended December 31, 2019. The decrease in net sales was attributable to the impacts of economic uncertainty and business disruptions of the COVID-19 pandemic that began to impact the Company near the end of the first quarter of 2020, and significantly impacted the Company during the second quarter of 2020. During the twelve months ended December 31, 2020, net sales for Horizon Europe‑Africa decreased $38.8 million, driven primarily by declines in sales volumes in the automotive OEM and automotive OES sales channels, including a decrease of $37.3 million during the three months ended June 30, 2020, primarily caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. The $29.3 million decrease in consolidated net sales for the twelve months ended December 31, 2020 was partially offset by an increase in net sales within Horizon Americas of $9.7 million driven by higher sales volumes in the aftermarket and e-commerce sales channels, which more than offset the lower volumes in the automotive OEM and retail sales channels. Net sales increased for Horizon Americas during the twelve months ended December 31, 2020 despite a $34.8 million decrease in net sales across all sales channels of Horizon Americas during the three months ended June 30, 2020, the period most significantly impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic.
Gross profit margin (gross profit as a percentage of net sales) was 18.2% and 13.9% during the twelve months ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The improved gross margin was primarily due to improved operating efficiencies and favorable sales mix, which more than offset the negative impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic and the related declines in sales volume and impacts on operational performance.
Selling, general and administrative (“SG&A”) expenses decreased $26.8 million, primarily attributable to lower distribution center lease, operating and support costs in Horizon Americas, as a result of a prior-year $6.5 million charge related to the abandonment of leased equipment. In Horizon Europe‑Africa, lower administrative and personnel costs were realized as a result of prior-year restructuring and business rationalization projects, and the reimbursement of certain payroll costs as part of government payroll reimbursement programs. Additionally, lower Corporate expenses were primarily attributable to a prior-year $5.3 million charge related to lease abandonment and leasehold improvements for the Company’s departure of its former headquarters lease and $2.1 million of prior-year charges related to the separation agreement reached with our former chief executive officer and other severance costs.
Operating margin (operating profit (loss) as a percentage of net sales) was (1.0)% and (8.3)% during the twelve months ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Operating profit improved $50.3 million, or 87.9%, to an operating loss of $(6.9) million during the twelve months ended December 31, 2020, as compared to an operating loss of $(57.2) million during the twelve months ended December 31, 2019, primarily as a result of the operational results detailed above.
Other expense, net decreased $4.9 million to $0.5 million during the twelve months ended December 31, 2020, as compared to $5.4 million during the twelve months ended December 31, 2019, primarily attributable to the $3.6 million loss on sale related to the Company’s divestiture of its non-automotive business in Horizon Europe‑Africa in the twelve months ended December 31, 2019, as well as $0.9 million of higher foreign currency gain in the twelve months ended December 31, 2020 as compared to the twelve months ended December 31, 2019.
Interest expense decreased $26.6 million, to $31.7 million during the twelve months ended December 31, 2020, as compared to $58.3 million during the twelve months ended December 31, 2019. Interest expense decreased primarily as a result of the pay down of principal on the Company’s first lien term loan in September 2019, which resulted in lower borrowings as well as lower interest rates compared to the twelve months ended December 31, 2019. In addition, the Company recorded a charge of $8.7 million during the twelve months ended December 31, 2019 as compared to a charge of $0.8 million during the twelve months ended December 31, 2020, related to the write-off of unamortized debt issuance costs due to debt refinancing and modifications completed during the respective periods.
The effective income tax rate for the twelve months ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, was 4.0% and 9.0%, respectively. The lower effective tax rate compared to the statutory tax rate for both periods is attributable to the valuation allowance recorded in the U.S. and several foreign jurisdictions, which resulted in no income tax benefit recognized for jurisdictional pretax losses, coupled with jurisdictional income mix. In addition, the prior-year included a $6.6 million benefit related to the release of uncertain tax positions, and the corresponding accrued interest and penalties, in certain jurisdictions that did not recur.
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Net loss from continuing operations decreased $72.5 million, to a net loss of $37.5 million during the twelve months ended December 31, 2020, compared to a net loss from continuing operations of $110.0 million during the twelve months ended December 31, 2019. The decrease was primarily attributable to the results detailed above.
(Loss) income from discontinued operations, net of tax is attributable to the sale of the Company’s former APAC operating segment, which was sold in September 2019 and resulted in a $180.5 million gain recognized and included in income from discontinued operations, net of tax during the twelve months ended December 31, 2019. During the twelve months ended December 31, 2020, the remaining post-closing conditions of the sale were completed, including a true up to net cash proceeds, which resulted in a loss on sale of discontinued operations of $(0.5) million. APAC has been presented as discontinued operations in our consolidated financial statements in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification 205, “Discontinued Operations.” See Note 4, Discontinued Operations, included in Item 8, “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data,” within this Annual Report on Form 10-K for further description of the Company’s discontinued operations.
See below for a discussion of operating results by segment.
Horizon Americas    
Net sales by sales channel, in thousands, for Horizon Americas are as follows:
Twelve Months Ended December 31, Change
2020 2019 $ %
Net Sales
Aftermarket $ 114,750  $ 96,910  $ 17,840  18.4  %
Retail 100,660  105,970  (5,310) (5.0) %
Automotive OEM 77,280  87,700  (10,420) (11.9) %
Automotive OES 8,310  6,950  1,360  19.6  %
E-commerce 53,850  45,750  8,100  17.7  %
Industrial 27,480  29,390  (1,910) (6.5) %
Other 50  50  —  —  %
Total $ 382,380  $ 372,720  $ 9,660  2.6  %
Net sales increased $9.7 million, or 2.6%, to $382.4 million during the twelve months ended December 31, 2020, as compared to $372.7 million during the twelve months ended December 31, 2019, primarily attributable to higher volumes in the aftermarket and e-commerce sales channels despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The increase was also due to a $3.1 million reduction in sales returns and allowances in the twelve months ended December 31, 2020, as compared with the twelve months ended December 31, 2019. The increase was partially offset by lower sales volumes in the automotive OEM and retail sales channels, which were more negatively impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Horizon Americas’ gross profit increased $24.3 million, or 33.9%, to $95.9 million, or 25.1% of net sales, during the twelve months ended December 31, 2020, as compared to $71.6 million, or 19.2% of net sales, during the twelve months ended December 31, 2019. Gross profit was impacted by the changes in sales detailed above, as well as the following:
$13.3 million lower scrap costs and inventory reserves as a result of more effective inventory management; and
$8.9 million favorable manufacturing costs; partially offset by:
$1.2 million higher outbound freight costs.
SG&A expenses decreased $13.7 million to $67.8 million, or 17.7% of net sales, during the twelve months ended December 31, 2020, as compared to $81.5 million, or 21.9% of net sales, during the twelve months ended December 31, 2019. The decrease in SG&A expenses was attributable to the following:
$6.5 million prior-year charge related to the abandonment of leased equipment in its Kansas City location;
$4.8 million lower litigation and other administrative costs; and
$3.6 million lower distribution center lease, operating and support costs; partially offset by:
$2.6 million higher personnel and other variable compensation costs.
Horizon Americas’ operating profit increased $38.4 million to an operating profit of $28.0 million, or 7.3% of net sales, during the twelve months ended December 31, 2020, as compared to an operating loss of $(10.4) million, or (2.8)% of net sales, during the twelve months ended December 31, 2019. Operating margin increased primarily due to the operational results detailed above.
Horizon Americas’ Adjusted EBITDA increased $30.0 million to $38.4 million during the twelve months ended December 31, 2020, as compared to Adjusted EBITDA of $8.4 million during the twelve months ended December 31, 2019. Adjusted EBITDA increased primarily due to the operational results detailed above.
Horizon Europe-Africa
Net sales by sales channel, in thousands, for Horizon Europe‑Africa are as follows:
Twelve Months Ended December 31, Change
2020 2019 $ %
Net Sales
Automotive OEM $ 149,850  $ 181,490  $ (31,640) (17.4) %
Automotive OES 50,290  58,080  (7,790) (13.4) %
Aftermarket 73,010  69,370  3,640  5.2  %
Industrial 1,670  2,850  (1,180) (41.4) %
E-commerce 1,570  1,880  (310) (16.5) %
Other 2,460  4,060  (1,600) (39.4) %
Total $ 278,850  $ 317,730  $ (38,880) (12.2) %
Net sales decreased $38.8 million, or 12.2%, to $278.9 million during the twelve months ended December 31, 2020, as compared to $317.7 million during the twelve months ended December 31, 2019, primarily attributable to lower volumes in the automotive OEM, automotive OES and industrial sales channels, which were negatively impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic in the twelve months ended December 31, 2020. Net sales of Horizon Europe-Africa were also negatively impacted by $2.1 million related to the sale of its non-automotive business in the first quarter 2019. Partially offsetting the decrease in sales were increased sales in the aftermarket sales channel despite the COVID-19 pandemic as well as $5.5 million of favorable currency translation.
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Horizon Europe-Africa’s gross profit increased $0.1 million, or 0.4%, to $24.7 million, or 8.9% of net sales, during the twelve months ended December 31, 2020, from $24.6 million, or 7.7% of net sales, during the twelve months ended December 31, 2019. The increase in gross profit margin reflects the changes in sales detailed above. Additionally, gross profit was impacted by the following:
$6.5 million favorable labor costs, including the payroll reimbursement costs received in the twelve months ended December 31, 2020 under terms of government payroll reimbursement programs, which includes the KUG (as defined in the Liquidity and Capital Resources section below);
$5.0 million lower scrap costs and inventory reserves as a result of more effective inventory management;
$4.0 million favorable manufacturing costs;
$2.5 million lower freight costs; and
$0.9 million of favorable currency translation.
SG&A expenses decreased $5.0 million to $33.1 million, or 11.9% of net sales, during the twelve months ended December 31, 2020, as compared to $38.1 million, or 12.0% of net sales, during the twelve months ended December 31, 2019. The decrease in SG&A expenses was primarily attributable to the following:
$2.6 million lower personnel and variable compensation costs, including the payroll reimbursement costs received in the twelve months ended December 31, 2020 under terms of government payroll reimbursement programs, which includes the KUG;
$1.3 million lower warehouse expense, litigation and other administrative costs;
$0.6 million lower bad debt expense; and
$0.5 million of favorable currency translation.
Horizon Europe-Africa’s operating profit improved $3.7 million to an operating loss of $(8.4) million, or (3.0)% of net sales, during the twelve months ended December 31, 2020, as compared to an operating loss of $(12.1) million, or (3.8)% of net sales, during the twelve months ended December 31, 2019. Operating margin improved primarily due to the operational results described above.
Horizon Europe-Africa’s Adjusted EBITDA increased $5.9 million to $8.7 million during the twelve months ended December 31, 2020, as compared to Adjusted EBITDA of $2.8 million during the twelve months ended December 31, 2019. Adjusted EBITDA increased primarily due to the operational results described above.
Corporate Expenses
Corporate expenses included in operating loss decreased $8.2 million to $26.5 million during the twelve months ended December 31, 2020, as compared to $34.7 million during the twelve months ended December 31, 2019. The decrease was primarily attributable to the following:
$5.3 million prior-year charge related to lease abandonment and leasehold improvements for the Company’s departure of its headquarters lease;
$2.1 million of prior-year charges related to the separation agreement reached with our former chief executive officer and other severance costs;
$3.8 million of additional costs incurred in the prior-year comparable period related to professional service fees and other costs associated with new debt issuance, amendments, and modifications and related structure changes; and
$2.2 million lower discretionary and administrative support costs; partially offset by:
$4.0 million higher personnel and variable compensation costs.
Corporate Adjusted EBITDA was $(20.7) million during the twelve months ended December 31, 2020, which was lower by $1.2 million, as compared to Adjusted EBITDA of $(19.5) million during the twelve months ended December 31, 2019. Adjusted EBITDA declined primarily due to the higher personnel and variable compensation costs, partially offset by the lower discretionary and administrative support costs, as described above.
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Liquidity and Capital Resources
Our capital and working capital requirements are funded through a combination of cash on hand, cash flows from operations and various borrowings and factoring arrangements described below, including our asset-based Revolving Credit Facility (as defined below). As of December 31, 2020 and 2019, we had $18.2 million and $8.7 million, respectively, of cash and cash equivalents held at foreign subsidiaries. There may be country specific regulations which may restrict or result in increased costs in the repatriation of these funds.
In March 2020, the Company, as guarantor, entered into a Loan and Security Agreement (the “Loan Agreement”) with Encina Business Credit, LLC (“Encina”), as agent for the lenders party thereto, and Horizon Global Americas Inc. and Cequent Towing Products of Canada Ltd., as borrowers (the “ABL Borrowers”). The Loan Agreement provides for an asset-based revolving credit facility (the “Revolving Credit Facility”) in the maximum aggregate principal amount of $75.0 million subject to customary borrowing base limitations contained therein, and may be increased at the ABL Borrowers’ request in increments of $5.0 million, up to a maximum of five times over the life of the Revolving Credit Facility, for a total increase of up to $25.0 million. As of December 31, 2020, the Company had availability of $38.4 million under the Revolving Credit Facility and $26.8 million of cash and cash equivalents in the United States.
As of December 31, 2020 and 2019, total cash and availability was $83.4 million and $44.9 million, respectively. The Company defines cash and availability as cash and cash equivalents and amounts of cash accessible but undrawn from credit facilities.
In response to the uncertain economic environment caused in part from the COVID-19 pandemic, the Company pursued funding from available government programs and other sources of liquidity designed to strengthen its balance sheet and enhance financial flexibility. These sources included short-term loans, some of which are forgivable if certain conditions are met as well as entering into or modifying other arrangements. A summary of these actions is described below.
In April 2020, Horizon Global Company LLC (the “U.S. Borrower”), a direct U.S.-based subsidiary of the Company, received a loan from PNC Bank, National Association for $8.7 million, pursuant to the Paycheck Protection Program (the “PPP Loan”) under Division A, Title I of the Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security (“CARES”) Act. The PPP Loan, which is in the form of a Note dated April 18, 2020 issued by the U.S. Borrower, matures on April 18, 2022. Funds from the PPP Loan may be used for payroll, costs used to continue group health care benefits, rent and utilities. Under the terms of the PPP Loan, certain amounts may be forgiven if they are used for qualifying expenses as described in the CARES Act.
The Company submitted its PPP Loan application in good faith in accordance with the CARES Act and the guidance issued by the Small Business Administration (the “SBA”), including the SBA’s Paycheck Protection Program’s Frequently Asked Questions. During 2020, the Company, in accordance with the final guidance issued by the United States Department of the Treasury (the “Treasury”), met the need and sized based criteria of the program.
In December 2020, the Company filed its application of loan forgiveness with PNC Bank, National Association. The potential loan forgiveness for all or a portion of the PPP Loan is determined, subject to limitations, based on the use of loan proceeds for payment of qualifying expenses over the 24 weeks after the loan proceeds were disbursed. The unforgiven portion of our PPP Loan, if any, is payable monthly over two years at an interest rate of 1.0% per annum. The Company has deferred any interest payments until after the Company’s application for forgiveness is completed in accordance with the guidance issued by the SBA and Treasury and the terms of the Company’s PPP Loan. While we currently believe that our use of the loan proceeds will meet the conditions for forgiveness of our PPP loan, there can be no assurance that forgiveness for any portion of the PPP Loan will be obtained.
In April 2020, S.I.A.R.R. SAS (the “French Borrower”), an indirect subsidiary of the Company, received a loan from BNP Paribas (the “French Loan”) for $5.5 million. The French Loan, issued pursuant to an agreement dated April 9, 2020, between the French Borrower and BNP Paribas, matures on April 9, 2021. The French Loan bears interest at a rate of 0.5% per annum. The French Borrower, at its election, may repay the French Loan in full on April 9, 2021 or in monthly installments for a period of five years from the date of election.
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In March 2020, Westfalia-Automotive GmbH (“Westfalia”), an indirect subsidiary of the Company, was approved for a government payroll reimbursement program in Germany under the Kurzarbeitergeld (the “KUG”). The KUG is designed to reimburse employers for payroll costs incurred and paid to employees affected by the business disruption and government mandated operating restrictions in place due to the COVID-19 pandemic for the period March 1, 2020 through August 31, 2020. Westfalia was approved to receive reimbursement of certain costs for the period March 19, 2020 through August 31, 2020. The Company was reimbursed $3.3 million for qualifying payroll costs under terms of the KUG for the twelve months ended December 31, 2020.
The Company also proactively took the following measures to reduce costs and ensure appropriate liquidity:
pursued additional governmental grant or loan programs in the jurisdictions in which it operates;
participated in payroll or payroll tax deferral programs such as those enacted by the CARES Act;
successfully negotiated with certain landlords to defer short-term rent payments;
assessed its supplier base and related payment terms and amended, extended and/or retimed supplier payments;
reduced or retimed investments, including capital expenditures, that did not materially impact future business opportunities or our organic growth; and
reduced reliance on temporary employees in both administrative and operations functions.
Additionally, in the United States, the Company did not furlough or otherwise voluntarily reduce its workforce. To protect the continued employment of its U.S.-based employees, the Company, in addition to the other cost savings measures described above, implemented a temporary 20% wage reduction for all employees in the United States. In some cases, employees outside of the United States were furloughed in response to government mandated operational restrictions and fluctuations in customer demand. To the extent available, the Company availed itself of local government programs to support furloughed employees, such as those described above.
We believe the combination of these sources, as well as the changes to our capital structure following our recent refinancing activities and fully summarized below, will enable us to meet our working capital, capital expenditures and other funding requirements. Our ability to fund our working capital needs, debt payments and other obligations, and to comply with financial covenants, including borrowing base limitations under our Revolving Credit Facility, depends on our future operating performance and cash flow and many factors outside of our control, including the costs of raw materials, the state of the automotive accessories market, financial and economic conditions and the extent and duration of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Cash Flows - Operating Activities
Net cash provided by and used for operating activities during the twelve months ended December 31, 2020 and 2019 was $39.1 million and $(68.5) million, respectively.
During the twelve months ended December 31, 2020, the Company generated $7.4 million in cash flows, based on the reported net loss of $(37.5) million and after considering the effects of non-cash items related to gains and losses on dispositions of property and equipment, depreciation, amortization of intangible assets, amortization of original issuance discount and debt issuance costs, deferred income taxes, stock compensation, paid-in-kind interest, and other, net. During the twelve months ended December 31, 2019, the Company used $(63.0) million based on the reported net loss of $(110.0) million and after considering the effects of similar non-cash items, as well as write-off of certain operating lease assets.
Changes in operating assets and liabilities sourced $31.7 million and used $(5.5) million of cash during the twelve months ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.
Increases in accounts receivable resulted in a net use of cash of $(12.2) million during the twelve months ended December 31, 2020. The increase in accounts receivable during 2020 resulted from higher sales activity in the fourth quarter of 2020 as compared to the fourth quarter of 2019, partially offset by pull ahead collection efforts in the fourth quarter of 2020. The decrease in accounts receivables resulted in a net source of cash of $19.3 million during the twelve months ended December 31, 2019. The decrease in accounts receivable during 2019 was primarily driven by pull ahead collection efforts in the fourth quarter of 2019.
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Changes in inventory resulted in a net source of cash of $24.2 million and $8.4 million during the twelve months ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The decrease in inventory during the twelve months ended December 31, 2020 was due to improved inventory management in addition to an extension of our traditional selling season in the last half of the year. The decrease in inventory during the twelve months ended December 31, 2019 was due to higher inventory scrap and reserves as well as improved inventory management.
Changes in prepaid expenses and other assets resulted in a net use of cash of $(4.9) million and $(3.0) million during the twelve months ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The increase in prepaid expenses and other assets during the twelve months ended December 31, 2020 and 2019 was primarily due to the mix of invoicing from vendors and subsequent payment.
Changes in accounts payable and accrued liabilities resulted in a source of cash of $24.6 million and a use of cash $(30.1) million during the twelve months ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The source of cash for the twelve months ended December 31, 2020, as compared to the use of cash for the twelve months ended December 31, 2019, is primarily due to the mix of payments made to suppliers and vendors and the related terms coupled with improved working capital management during the twelve months ended December 31, 2020.
Cash Flows - Investing Activities
Net cash used for investing activities during the twelve months ended December 31, 2020 was $(13.2) million, as compared to net cash provided by investing activities of $206.5 million during the twelve months ended December 31, 2019. During the twelve months ended December 31, 2019, net proceeds from the sale of business were $214.6 million, related to the sale of the APAC operating segment and the non-automotive business in Horizon Europe-Africa. During the twelve months ended December 31, 2020, capital expenditure needs increased to $(13.3) million as compared to $(9.7) million during the twelve months ended December 31, 2019, which related to growth, capacity and productivity-related capital projects, primarily within Horizon Europe‑Africa for the twelve months ended December 31, 2020.
We expect our capital spending in the twelve months ended December 31, 2021 to be $23.2 million, primarily related to support for product development, growth and maintenance for the business.
Cash Flows - Financing Activities
Net cash provided by financing activities was $12.7 million and net cash used for financing activities was $(164.7) million during the twelve months ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. During the twelve months ended December 31, 2020, net proceeds from the Revolving Credit Facility, net of issuance costs, were $21.9 million and proceeds from the PPP Loan were $8.7 million. During the twelve months ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, net repayments on the ABL Facility totaled $(19.9) million and $(43.5) million, respectively. During the twelve months ended December 31, 2019, net proceeds from borrowings on under our second lien term loan were $35.5 million, net of issuance costs and a use cash of $(173.4) million for repayments on our first lien term loan, including transaction costs. Additionally, during the twelve months ended December 31, 2019, proceeds from the issuance of Series A Preferred Stock and warrants totaled $10.6 million.
Factoring Arrangements
The Company has factoring arrangements with financial institutions to sell certain accounts receivable. Total receivables sold under certain non-recourse factoring arrangements was $237.1 million and $258.4 million during the twelve months ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. We utilize factoring arrangements as part of our working capital needs. The costs of participating in these arrangements are immaterial to our results. Refer to Note 3, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, in Item 8, “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data,” included within this Annual Report on Form 10-K for additional information.
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Our Debt and Other Commitments
We and certain of our subsidiaries are party to the asset-based Revolving Credit Facility, as defined and described above. The Revolving Credit Facility provides for $75.0 million of funding on a revolving basis, subject to borrowing base availability, and matures in fiscal year 2022. As of December 31, 2020, there was $24.2 million outstanding on the Revolving Credit Facility bearing interest at a weighted average rate of 5.0%.
In addition, the Company and certain of its subsidiaries, have been or are parties to other long-term credit agreements, including the Replacement Term Loan, as defined and described below. As of December 31, 2020, there was $90.2 million outstanding on the Replacement Term Loan bearing cash interest at 4.00% and paid-in-kind interest at 7.75%.
In February 2017, the Company completed a public offering of 2.75% Convertible Senior Notes due 2022 (the “Convertible Notes”) in an aggregate principal amount of $125.0 million. Interest is payable on January 1 and July 1 of each year.
First Lien Term Loan Agreement
In February 2019, the Company amended and restated the existing term loan agreement (the “First Lien Term Loan Agreement”) to permit the Company to enter into the Senior Term Loan Agreement, as defined and described below, and tightened certain indebtedness, asset sale, investment and restricted payment baskets.
In March 2019, the Company amended the existing term loan agreement (“Sixth Term Amendment”) to permit the Company to enter into the Second Lien Term Loan Agreement, as defined and described below, amend certain financial covenants to make them less restrictive and make certain other affirmative and negative covenants more restrictive.
In September 2019, the Company amended the existing term loan agreement (the “Eighth Term Amendment”) to provide consent for the sale of APAC, provide consent for the Company to meet its prepayment obligation of the First Lien Term Loan, remove prepayment penalties and make certain negative covenants less restrictive. In September 2019, the Company paid down a portion of its First Lien Term Loan’s outstanding principal plus fees and paid-in-kind interest in the amount of $172.9 million.
In May 2020, the Company entered into amendments, limited waivers and consents in connection with its Loan Agreement and the First Lien Term Loan Agreement (the “Tenth Term Amendment”), with an effective date of April 1, 2020, that, among other things, consented to the Company’s applying for, obtaining and incurring the PPP Loan and French Loan, each as defined and described above.
As a result of the Replacement Term Loan Amendment, as defined and described below, the outstanding balance and any accrued interest has been replaced by the Replacement Term Loan, as defined and described below.
Senior Term Loan Agreement
In February 2019, the Company entered into a credit agreement (the “Senior Term Loan Agreement”) with Cortland Capital Markets Services LLC, as administrative agent and collateral agent, and the lenders party thereto. The Senior Term Loan Agreement provided for a short-term loan facility in the aggregate principal amount of $10.0 million, all of which was borrowed by the Company. Certain of the lenders under the Company’s First Lien Term Loan Agreement were the lenders under the Senior Term Loan Agreement.
The Senior Term Loan Agreement required the Company to obtain additional financing in amounts and on terms acceptable to the lenders. The Senior Term Loan Agreement was repaid on March 15, 2019, in conjunction with the additional financing further detailed below.
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Second Lien Term Loan Agreement
In March 2019, the Company entered into a credit agreement (the “Second Lien Term Loan Agreement”) with Cortland Capital Markets Services LLC, as administrative agent and collateral agent, and Corre Partners Management L.L.C. as representative of the lenders, and the lenders party thereto. The Second Lien Term Loan Agreement provided for a term loan facility in the aggregate principal amount of $51.0 million. The Second Lien Term Loan Agreement was secured by a second lien on substantially the same collateral as the First Lien Term Loan, bore an interest rate of LIBOR plus 11.5% payable in kind through an increase in principal balance, and was subject to various affirmative and negative covenants including a secured net leverage ratio tested quarterly, commencing with the fiscal quarter ending on December 31, 2019, which was not to exceed (x) 6.75 to 1.00 as of the last day of any fiscal quarter ending on or prior to June 30, 2020 and (y) 5.25 to 1.00 as of the last day of any fiscal quarter ending on or after September 30, 2020.
Pursuant to the Second Lien Term Loan Agreement, the Company was required to issue detachable warrants to purchase up 6.25 million shares of its common stock, which can be exercised on a cashless basis over a five-year term with an exercise price of $1.50 per share. In March 2019, warrants to purchase 3,601,902 shares of common stock were issued and the Company also issued 90,667 shares of Series A Preferred Stock in the interim that were convertible into additional warrants upon receipt of shareholder approval of the issuance of such additional warrants and the shares of common stock issuable upon exercise thereof. Upon receipt of such shareholder approval on June 25, 2019, the 90,667 shares of Series A Preferred Stock were converted into warrants to purchase 2,952,248 shares of common stock.
In connection with the entry into the Second Lien Term Loan Agreement, we agreed to appoint four new members to our board of directors within seven business days of closing, and that the four new members of our board will constitute a majority of our board of directors.
The proceeds, net of applicable fees, of the Second Lien Term Loan Agreement were used to repay all amounts outstanding under the Senior Term Loan Agreement and to provide additional liquidity and working capital for the Company.
In September 2019, the Company amended the existing Second Lien Term Loan Agreement (“Second Lien Amendment”) to remove the prepayment requirement related to the use of APAC sale proceeds and made certain negative covenants less restrictive.
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In May 2020, the Company entered into amendments, limited waivers and consents in connection with its Loan Agreement and the Second Lien Term Loan Agreement (“the Second Lien Third Amendment”), with an effective date of April 1, 2020, that, among other things, consented to the Company’s applying for, obtaining and incurring the PPP Loan and French Loan, each as defined and described above.
As a result of the Replacement Term Loan Amendment, as defined and described below, the outstanding balance and any accrued interest has been replaced by the Replacement Term Loan, as defined and described below.
Replacement Term Loan
On July 3, 2020, the Company entered into a limited consent to the Loan Agreement, that consented to the Company’s entering into the 2020 Replacement Term Loan Amendment, as defined and described below.
On July 6, 2020, the Company entered into the Replacement Term Loan Amendment (the “Eleventh Term Amendment”) to amend the First Lien Term Loan Agreement and Second Lien Term Loan Agreement. The Eleventh Term Amendment provided replacement term loans (the “Replacement Term Loan”) that refinanced and replaced the outstanding balances under the First Lien Term Loan Agreement and Second Lien Term Loan Agreement, plus any accrued interest thereon. The interest on the Replacement Term Loan was payable at LIBOR plus 10.75% per annum, subject to a 1.00% LIBOR floor, of which 4.00% was payable in cash and LIBOR plus 6.75% was payable-in-kind (“PIK”) interest (provided that the Company may elect on not more than one occasion to pay all interest as PIK interest). Borrowings under the Eleventh Term Amendment were to mature on the earlier of: (i) June 30, 2022 and (ii) April 1, 2022 if the Convertible Notes, as defined above, were not repaid or otherwise discharged prior to such date. Additionally, the Eleventh Term Amendment provided for a 1.00% PIK closing fee, which was added to the principal amount of the Replacement Term Loan on the closing date; provided for a prepayment penalty on the entire principal amount of the Replacement Term Loan in an amount equal to 3.0% of the aggregate principal amount prepaid prior to December 31, 2021; and amended the fixed charge coverage ratio covenant beginning with the fiscal quarter ending June 30, 2021, as follows:
June 30, 2021: 1.10 to 1.00
September 30, 2021: 1.25 to 1.00
December 31, 2021 and each fiscal quarter ending thereafter: 1.40 to 1.00
Senior Term Loan Credit Agreement
On February 2, 2021, the Company entered into a credit agreement (the “Senior Term Loan Credit Agreement”) with Atlantic Park Strategic Capital Fund, L.P. (“Atlantic Park”), as administrative agent and collateral agent, and the lenders party thereto (collectively, the “Lenders”). The Senior Term Loan Credit Agreement provides for an initial term loan facility in the aggregate principal amount of $100.0 million, all of which has been borrowed by the Company, and a delayed draw term loan facility in the aggregate principal amount of up to $125.0 million, which may be drawn by the Company in up to three separate borrowings through June 30, 2022. A ticking fee of 25 basis points per annum will accrue on the undrawn portion of the delayed draw term loan facility.
The proceeds received by the Company from the initial borrowings under the Senior Term Loan Credit Agreement were used to repay in full all outstanding debt and accrued interest on the Company’s Replacement Term Loan. As a result of the repayment, the credit agreement governing the Company’s Replacement Term Loan has been terminated and is no longer in effect.
Interest on the Senior Term Loan Credit Agreement is payable in cash on a quarterly basis at the interest rate of LIBOR plus 7.50% per annum, subject to a 1.00% LIBOR floor, and is subject to various affirmative and negative covenants, including a secured net leverage ratio tested quarterly, commencing with the fiscal quarter ending March 31, 2023, not to exceed: 6.50 to 1.00. The Senior Term Loan Credit Agreement also contains a financial covenant that stipulates the Company will not make Capital Expenditures (as defined in the Senior Term Loan Credit Agreement) exceeding $27.5 million during any fiscal year. To the extent that the amount of Capital Expenditures is less than $27.5 million in any fiscal year, up to 50% of the difference may be carried forward and used for Capital Expenditures in the immediately succeeding fiscal year.
Following a one-year no-call period, the Senior Term Loan Credit Agreement provides for a 2.5% call premium for years two through five and no premium thereafter. All outstanding borrowings made under the Senior Term Loan Credit Agreement mature on February 2, 2027.
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All of the indebtedness under the Senior Term Loan Credit Agreement is and will be guaranteed by the Company’s existing and future United States, Canadian and Mexican subsidiaries and certain other foreign subsidiaries and is and will be secured by substantially all of the assets of the Company and such guarantors.
Pursuant to the Senior Term Loan Credit Agreement, the Company issued warrants (the “Senior Term Loan Warrants”) to Atlantic Park to purchase in the aggregate up to 3,905,486 shares of the Company’s common stock, with an exercise price of $9.00 per share, subject to adjustment as provided in the Senior Term Loan Warrants. The Senior Term Loan Warrants are exercisable at any time prior to February 2, 2026.
The Company estimates it incurred $11.4 million of debt issuance costs and fees associated with the above transactions. The transactions will be accounted for in the first quarter of 2021.
Additionally, on February 2, 2021, the Company entered into a limited consent of the Loan Agreement for the Company’s Revolving Credit Facility, that among other modifications, consented to the Company’s entering into the Senior Term Loan Credit Agreement.
Covenant and Liquidity Matters
The Loan Agreement contains various negative and affirmative covenants and other requirements affecting us and our subsidiaries, including restrictions on incurrence of debt, liens, mergers, investments, loans, advances, guarantee obligations, acquisitions, asset dispositions, sale-leaseback transactions, hedging agreements, dividends and other restricted payments, transactions with affiliates, restrictive agreements and amendments to charters, bylaws, and other material documents. The Revolving Credit Facility does not include any financial maintenance covenants other than a financial covenant that stipulates the Company will not make Capital Expenditures (as defined in the Loan Agreement) exceeding $30.0 million during any fiscal year.
We are subject to variable interest rates on our Replacement Term Loan and Revolving Credit Facility. At December 31, 2020, 1-Month LIBOR and 3-Month LIBOR approximated 0.14% and 0.24%, respectively.
The Company is in compliance with all of its financial covenants as of December 31, 2020.
In addition to our long-term debt, we have other cash commitments related to leases. We account for these lease transactions as operating leases and annual rent expense related thereto for the twelve months ended December 31, 2020 and 2019 was $15.0 million and $18.8 million, respectively. We expect to continue to utilize leasing as a financing strategy in the future to meet capital expenditure needs and to reduce debt levels.
Refer to Note 10, Long-term Debt, and Note 13, Leases, in Item 8, “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data,” included within this Annual Report on Form 10-K for additional information.
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Consolidated EBITDA
Consolidated EBITDA (defined as “Consolidated EBITDA” in our Replacement Term Loan Agreement) is a comparable measure to how the Company assesses performance. As discussed further in the Supplemental Analysis and Segment Information section above, we use certain non-GAAP financial measures to assess performance and measure our covenant compliance in accordance with the Replacement Term Loan Agreement, which includes Adjusted EBITDA at the operating segment level. For the measurement of our Replacement Term Loan Agreement financial covenants, the definition of Consolidated EBITDA limits the amount of non-recurring expenses or costs including restructuring, moving and severance that can be excluded to $10 million in any cumulative four fiscal quarter period. Similarly, the definition limits the amount of fees, costs and expenses incurred in connection with any proposed asset sale that can be excluded to $5 million in any cumulative four fiscal quarter period.
The reconciliations of net income (loss) attributable to Horizon Global to EBITDA, EBITDA to Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA to Consolidated EBITDA are as follows:
Twelve Months Ended December 31,
2020 2019 Change
(dollars in thousands)
Net (loss) income attributable to Horizon Global $ (36,560) $ 80,750  $ (117,310)
Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest (1,420) (1,240) (180)
Net (loss) income $ (37,980) $ 79,510  $ (117,490)
Interest expense 31,680  58,270  (26,590)
Income tax benefit (1,580) (10,820) 9,240 
Depreciation and amortization 22,910  21,690  1,220 
EBITDA $ 15,030  $ 148,650  $ (133,620)
Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest 1,420  1,240  180 
Loss (income) from discontinued operations, net of tax 500  (189,520) 190,020 
EBITDA from continuing operations $ 16,950  $ (39,630) $ 56,580 
Adjustments pursuant to Term Loan Agreements:
Losses on sale of receivables 1,410  1,590  (180)
Non-cash equity grant expenses 3,000  2,150  850 
Other non-cash expenses or losses (gains) (810) 3,710  (4,520)
Term Loans related fees, costs and expenses —  2,920  (2,920)
Lender agent related professional fees, costs, and expenses 380  840  (460)
Non-recurring expenses or costs (a)
5,410  19,940  (14,530)
Non-cash losses on asset sales 90  (300) 390 
Other (20) 470  (490)
Adjusted EBITDA $ 26,410  $ (8,310) $ 34,720 
Non-recurring expense limitation (a) (b)
—  (9,940) 9,940 
Other 20  (470) 490 
Consolidated EBITDA $ 26,430  $ (18,720) $ 45,150 
(a) Non-recurring expenses or costs including severance, restructuring and relocation are not to, in aggregate, exceed $10 million in adjustments in determining Consolidated EBITDA in any four fiscal quarter period.
(b) Fees, costs and expenses incurred in connection with any proposed asset sale are not to, in aggregate, exceed $5 million in adjustments in determining Consolidated EBITDA in any four fiscal quarter period.
Credit Rating
The Company’s debt agreements do not require that we maintain a credit rating.
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Outlook
The Company began 2020 with strong performance and our operating results demonstrated strong demand for our products. The COVID-19 pandemic caused significant business and economic disruption globally and resulted in economic uncertainty and challenges, both in the short term and long term. The Company continues to prioritize the health of its employees and others in the communities where it does business and has taken the following decisive actions to ensure the welfare of these groups, based on guidance from local governments and health authorities, as well as the World Health Organization and the Centers for Disease Control, designed to reduce the risk of spreading COVID-19:
requiring administrative employees to work remotely;
temporarily eliminating domestic and international travel;
gating measures defined and implemented for essential workers to enter facilities;
providing and requiring the use of personal protective equipment by all employees during working hours;
requiring essential on-site employees to practice social distancing, including refraining from handshaking, hugging or other forms of physical greeting and maintaining 6 feet of distance from coworkers where possible;
professionally sanitizing each facility on a regular basis;
sanitizing equipment between uses;
requiring frequent hand washing, including before and after the use of shared equipment;
conducting temperature checks on employees at the start of each shift;
ensuring availability of hand sanitizer at each facility and encouraging frequent application; and
requiring employees to stay home if they are experiencing cold or flu-like symptoms.
The Company is currently at a full operational status and will continue to fulfill and deliver upon the strong trend in customer orders, as experienced throughout the last half of 2020, signaling increased consumer demand and an extension of our traditional selling season.
We also remain focused on maintaining liquidity to fund our operations, while considering future maturities in our capital structure, which have been addressed and will continue to be addressed as the Company continues to execute upon its business plan and operational improvement initiatives in 2021. These initiatives were put in place to streamline and simplify its operations and provide a roadmap to achieve our strategic priorities of margin expansion, liquidity management and organic business growth.
We believe the unique strategic footprint we enjoy in our market space will benefit us as our OE customers continue to demonstrate a preference for stronger relationships with few suppliers. We believe that our strong brand positions, portfolio of product offerings, and existing customer relationships present a long-term opportunity for us and provide leverage to see balanced growth in OE and aftermarket business. That position and brand recognition allows us flexibility to bring our products to market in various channels that we believe provide us the ability to leverage our current operational footprint to meet or exceed our customer demands.
Impact of New Accounting Standards
See Note 2, New Accounting Pronouncements, included in Item 8, “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data,” within this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Critical Accounting Estimates
The following discussion of accounting policies is intended to supplement the accounting policies presented in Note 3, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies included in Item 8, “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data,” within this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Certain of our accounting policies require the application of significant judgment by management in selecting the appropriate assumptions for calculating financial estimates. By their nature, these judgments are subject to an inherent degree of uncertainty. These judgments are based on our historical experience, our evaluation of business and macroeconomic trends, and information from other outside sources, as appropriate.
Revenue Recognition. Revenue is measured based on a consideration specified in a contract with a customer, and excludes any sales incentives and amounts collected on behalf of third parties. The Company recognizes revenue when it satisfies a performance obligation by transferring control over a product or service to a customer.
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Sales Related Accruals.  Net sales are comprised of gross revenues less estimates of expected returns, trade discounts and customer allowances, which include incentives for items such as cooperative advertising agreements, volume discounts and other supply agreements in connection with various customer programs. On at least a quarterly basis, we perform detailed reviews of our sales related accruals by evaluating specific customer contractual commitments, assessing current incentive programs and other relevant information in order to assess the adequacy of the reserve. Reductions to revenue and estimated accruals are recorded in the period in which revenue is recognized.
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts. We maintain an allowance for doubtful accounts to reflect management’s best estimate of probable credit losses inherent in our accounts receivable balances. Determination of the allowances requires management to exercise judgment about the timing, frequency and severity of credit losses that could materially affect the allowances for doubtful accounts and, therefore, net income. The level of the allowance is based on quantitative and qualitative factors including historical loss experience, delinquency trends, economic conditions and customer credit risk. We perform detailed reviews of our accounts receivable portfolio on at least a quarterly basis to assess the adequacy of the allowance. Over the past two years, the allowance for doubtful accounts was 3.0% to 4.3% of gross accounts receivable. We do not believe that significant credit risk exists due to our diverse customer base.
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets and Definite-Lived Intangible Assets.  We review the Company’s financial performance for indicators of impairment on at least a quarterly basis. In reviewing for impairment indicators, we also consider events or changes in circumstances such as business prospects, customer retention, market trends, potential product obsolescence, competitive activities and other economic factors. An impairment loss is recognized when the carrying value of an asset group exceeds the future net undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by that asset group. The impairment loss recognized is the amount by which the carrying value of the asset group exceeds its fair value.
Goodwill and Indefinite-Lived Intangibles. We review goodwill for impairment at the reporting unit level on an annual basis as of October 1. More frequent evaluations may be required if we experience changes in our business climate or as a result of other triggering events that take place. We perform a qualitative assessment of whether it is more likely than not that a reporting unit’s fair value is less than its carrying amount. If not, no further goodwill impairment testing is performed. If so, then the impairment analysis for goodwill is performed at the reporting unit level using a quantitative approach. Our qualitative assessment involves significant estimates, assumptions, and judgments, including, but not limited to, macroeconomic conditions, industry and market conditions, financial performance of the Company, reporting unit specific events and changes in the Company’s share price. 
The quantitative test is a comparison of the fair value of the reporting unit, determined using a combination of the income and market approaches, to its recorded amount. If the recorded amount exceeds the fair value, an impairment is recorded to reduce the carrying amount to fair value, but will not exceed the amount of goodwill that is recorded. When performing a quantitative goodwill test, the fair value determination consists primarily of using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) under the fair value measurement standards. We believe the most critical assumptions and estimates in determining the estimated fair value of our reporting units include, but are not limited to, the amounts and timing of expected future cash flows which is largely dependent on expected EBITDA margins, the discount rate applied to those cash flows, and terminal growth rates. The assumptions used in determining our expected future cash flows consider various factors such as historical operating trends and long-term operating strategies and initiatives. The discount rate used by each reporting unit is based on our assumption of a prudent investor’s required rate of return of assuming the risk of investing in a particular company in a specific country. The terminal growth rate reflects the sustainable operating income a reporting unit could generate in a perpetual state as a function of revenue growth, inflation and future margin expectations.
We review indefinite-lived intangible assets for impairment annually or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate the assets might be impaired. Similar to the goodwill assessment described above, the Company first performs a qualitative assessment of whether it is more likely than not that an indefinite-lived intangible asset is impaired. If necessary, the Company then performs a quantitative impairment test by comparing the estimated fair value of the asset, based upon its forecasted cash flows using the relief from royalty method, to its carrying value.
See Note 6, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets included in Item 8, “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data,” within this Annual Report on Form 10-K for further information.
44




Income Taxes.  We compute income taxes using the asset and liability method, whereby deferred income taxes are provided for the temporary differences between the financial reporting basis and the tax basis of assets and liabilities and for operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. Under this method, changes in tax rates and laws are recognized in income in the period such changes are enacted. We determine valuation allowances based on an assessment of positive and negative evidence on a jurisdiction-by-jurisdiction basis and are utilized to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount more likely than not to be realized. To make this assessment, we evaluate historical operating results, the existence of cumulative losses in the most recent fiscal years, expectations for future pretax operating income, the time period over which our temporary differences will reverse and the implementation of feasible and prudent tax planning strategies. Recognized income tax positions are measured at the largest amount that has a greater than 50% likelihood of being realized. Changes in recognition or measurement are reflected in the period in which the change in judgment occurs. Changes in existing tax laws could also affect actual tax results and the valuation of deferred tax assets over time. We record interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions in income tax expense.
We are also currently subject to tax controversies in various jurisdictions, and these jurisdictions may assess additional income tax liabilities against us. Developments in audits could have a material effect on our operating results or cash flows in the period for which that development occurs, as well as for subsequent periods. We regularly assess the likelihood of an adverse outcome resulting from these proceedings to determine the adequacy of our tax accruals. Although we believe our estimates are reasonable, the final outcome of audits could be materially different from our historical income tax provisions and accruals.
Refer to Note 19, Income Taxes, to the consolidated financial statements included in Item 8, “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data,” of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for additional information.
Emerging Growth Company
Under the Jumpstart Our Business Startups (“JOBS”) Act, we qualified as an emerging growth company (“EGC”) until December 31, 2020, which allowed us an extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards pursuant to Section 107(b) of the JOBS Act. Effective December 31, 2020, we no longer qualify for EGC status following the fifth anniversary of the date of the first sale of our common stock pursuant to an effective registration statement under the Securities Act.
Item 7A.    Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
Not applicable.
45




Item 8.    Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the shareholders and the Board of Directors of Horizon Global Corporation
Opinion on the Financial Statements
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Horizon Global Corporation and subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive (loss) income, cash flows, and shareholders’ equity for each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 2020 and the related notes and the schedule listed in the Index at Item 15 (collectively referred to as the “financial statements”). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 2020, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
Basis for Opinion
These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company's financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audits, we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.
Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
Emphasis of Matter Subsequent Events
As discussed in Note 21 to the financial statements, the Company entered into a Senior Term Loan Credit Agreement on February 2, 2021, the proceeds from which were used to repay in full all outstanding debt and accrued interest on the Company’s Replacement Term Loan.
Critical Audit Matter
The critical audit matter communicated below is a matter arising from the current-period audit of the financial statements that was communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that (1) relates to accounts or disclosures that are material to the financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on the financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matter below, providing a separate opinion on the critical audit matter or on the accounts or disclosures to which it relates.
46




Sales Related Accruals — Refer to Note 3 to the consolidated financial statements
Critical Audit Matter Description
Provisions for customer volume rebates, product returns, discounts, allowances, and cooperative advertising are variable consideration and are recorded as a reduction of revenue in the same period the related sales are recorded. The Company uses the most likely amount method to estimate variable consideration. On at least a quarterly basis, the Company performs detailed reviews of the adequacy of these sales related accruals by evaluating specific customer contractual commitments and assessing current incentive programs and other relevant information, such as historical averages adjusted for any expected changes due to current business conditions.
We identified the adequacy of sales related accruals as a critical audit matter because of the volume of the inputs and assumptions utilized by management in estimating these accruals. The sales related accruals consists of accruals for specific customers, each of which requires management judgment and creates estimation uncertainty. This required both extensive audit effort due to the volume and complexity of the accruals and a high degree of auditor judgment when performing audit procedures to evaluate the reasonableness of management’s estimates.
How the Critical Audit Matter Was Addressed in the Audit
Our audit procedures related to the estimation of sales related accruals included the following, among others:
We obtained an understanding of management’s processes over calculating the accruals, including understanding relevant inputs and assumptions.
We evaluated key inputs and assumptions relevant to the accruals, including evaluating specific customer contractual commitments and assessing current incentive programs and other relevant information, which were compared to source documents.
We tested management’s process for calculating sales related accruals.
/s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP
Detroit, Michigan
March 11, 2021
We have served as the Company's auditor since 2014.
47




HORIZON GLOBAL CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS    
(Dollars in thousands)
  December 31,
  2020 2019
Assets
Current assets:    
Cash and cash equivalents $ 44,970  $ 11,770 
Restricted cash 5,720  — 
Receivables, net 87,420  71,680 
Inventories 115,320  136,650 
Prepaid expenses and other current assets 11,510  8,570 
   Total current assets 264,940  228,670 
Property and equipment, net 74,090  75,830 
Operating lease right-of-use assets 47,310  45,770 
Goodwill 3,360  4,350 
Other intangibles, net 58,230  60,120 
Deferred income taxes 1,280  430 
Other assets 7,280  5,870 
   Total assets $ 456,490  $ 421,040 
Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity
Current liabilities:    
Short-term borrowings and current maturities, long-term debt $ 14,120  $ 4,310 
Accounts payable 99,520  78,450 
Short-term operating lease liabilities 12,180  9,880 
Accrued liabilities 59,100  48,850 
   Total current liabilities 184,920  141,490 
Gross long-term debt 251,960  236,550 
Unamortized debt issuance costs and discount (20,570) (31,500)
Long-term debt 231,390  205,050 
Deferred income taxes 3,130  4,040 
Long-term operating lease liabilities 46,340  48,070 
Other long-term liabilities 14,560  13,790 
   Total liabilities 480,340  412,440 
Contingencies (See Note 14)
Shareholders' equity:
Preferred stock, $0.01 par: Authorized 100,000,000 shares; Issued and outstanding: None
—  — 
Common stock, $0.01 par: Authorized 400,000,000 shares; 27,089,673 shares issued and 26,403,167 outstanding at December 31, 2020, and 26,073,894 shares issued and 25,387,388 outstanding at December 31, 2019
260  250 
Common stock warrants issued, outstanding and exercisable for 5,815,039 and 6,487,674 shares of common stock at December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively
9,510  10,610 
Paid-in capital 166,610  163,240 
Treasury stock, at cost: 686,506 shares at December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019
(10,000) (10,000)
Accumulated deficit (178,530) (141,970)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss (6,540) (9,790)
Total Horizon Global shareholders' (deficit) equity (18,690) 12,340 
Noncontrolling interest (5,160) (3,740)
   Total shareholders' (deficit) equity (23,850) 8,600 
   Total liabilities and shareholders' equity $ 456,490  $ 421,040 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
48




HORIZON GLOBAL CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(Dollars in thousands, except share and per share data)
  Twelve Months Ended December 31,
  2020 2019
Net sales $ 661,230  $ 690,450 
Cost of sales (540,680) (594,220)
Gross profit 120,550  96,230 
Selling, general and administrative expenses (127,370) (154,180)
Net (loss) gain on dispositions of property and equipment (90) 780 
Operating loss (6,910) (57,170)
Other expense, net (470) (5,390)
Interest expense (31,680) (58,270)
Loss from continuing operations before income tax (39,060) (120,830)
Income tax benefit 1,580  10,820 
Net loss from continuing operations (37,480) (110,010)
(Loss) income from discontinued operations, net of income taxes (500) 189,520 
Net (loss) income (37,980) 79,510 
Less: Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest (1,420) (1,240)
Net (loss) income attributable to Horizon Global $ (36,560) $ 80,750 
Net (loss) income per share attributable to Horizon Global:
Basic:
Continuing operations $ (1.40) $ (4.30)
Discontinued operations (0.02) 7.49 
Total $ (1.42) $ 3.19 
Diluted:
Continuing operations $ (1.40) $ (4.30)
Discontinued operations (0.02) 7.49 
Total $ (1.42) $ 3.19 
Weighted average common shares outstanding:
Basic 25,797,529  25,297,576 
Diluted 25,797,529  25,297,576 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
49




HORIZON GLOBAL CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE (LOSS) INCOME
(Dollars in thousands)
Twelve Months Ended December 31,
2020 2019
Net (loss) income $ (37,980) $ 79,510 
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
Foreign currency translation and other 3,250  1,650 
Derivative instruments —  (1,940)
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax 3,250  (290)
Total comprehensive (loss) income (34,730) 79,220 
Less: Comprehensive loss attributable to noncontrolling interest (1,420) (1,240)
Comprehensive (loss) income attributable to Horizon Global $ (33,310) $ 80,460 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
    
50




HORIZON GLOBAL CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Dollars in thousands)
Twelve Months Ended December 31,
  2020 2019
Cash Flows from Operating Activities:    
Net (loss) income $ (37,980) $ 79,510 
Less: Net (loss) income from discontinued operations (500) 189,520 
Net loss from continuing operations (37,480) (110,010)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss from continuing operations to net cash provided by (used for) operating activities:
Net loss (gain) on dispositions of property and equipment 90  (780)
Depreciation 16,290  15,940 
Amortization of intangible assets 6,620  5,750 
Write off of operating lease assets —  10,780 
Amortization of original issuance discount and debt issuance costs 14,200  22,060 
Deferred income taxes (2,060) (7,280)
Non-cash compensation expense 3,000  2,150 
Paid-in-kind interest 8,120  9,720 
(Increase) decrease in receivables (12,230) 19,290 
Decrease in inventories 24,220  8,380 
Increase in prepaid expenses and other assets (4,900) (2,990)
Increase (decrease) in accounts payable and accrued liabilities 24,590  (30,140)
Other, net (1,370) (11,350)
Net cash provided by (used for) operating activities for continuing operations 39,090  (68,480)
Cash Flows from Investing Activities:
Capital expenditures (13,310) (9,720)
Net proceeds from sale of business —  214,570 
Net proceeds from disposition of property and equipment 90  1,620 
Net cash (used for) provided by investing activities for continuing operations (13,220) 206,470 
Cash Flows from Financing Activities:    
Proceeds from borrowing on credit facilities 7,220  13,450 
Repayments of borrowings on credit facilities (4,800) (7,490)
Proceeds from Revolving Credit Facility, net of issuance costs 54,680  — 
Repayments of borrowings on Revolving Credit Facility (32,760) — 
Proceeds from ABL revolving debt, net of issuance costs 8,000  79,790 
Repayments of borrowings on ABL revolving debt (27,920) (123,240)
Repayments of borrowings on First Lien Term Loan, including transaction fees —  (173,430)
Proceeds from Second Lien Term Loan, net of issuance costs —  35,500 
Proceeds from Paycheck Protection Program Loan 8,670  — 
Proceeds from issuance of Series A Preferred Stock —  5,340 
Proceeds from issuance of Warrants —  5,270 
Other, net (440) 100 
Net cash provided by (used for) financing activities for continuing operations 12,650  (164,710)
Discontinued Operations:
Net cash (used for) provided by discontinued operating activities (500) 11,430 
Net cash used for discontinued investing activities —  (1,120)
Net cash provided by discontinued financing activities —  — 
Net cash (used for) provided by discontinued operations (500) 10,310 
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash 900  530 
Cash and Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash:
Increase (decrease) for the year 38,920  (15,880)
At beginning of year 11,770  27,650 
At end of year $ 50,690  $ 11,770 
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:
Cash paid for interest $ 8,930  $ 20,060 
Cash paid for taxes, net of refunds $ 1,560  $ 80 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
51





HORIZON GLOBAL CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(Dollars in thousands)
  Common Stock Common Stock Warrants Paid-in Capital Treasury Stock Accumulated Deficit Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) Total Horizon Global Shareholders' (Deficit) Equity Noncontrolling Interest Total Shareholders' (Deficit) Equity
Balances at January 1, 2019 $ 250  $ —  $ 160,990  $ (10,000) $ (222,720) $ 7,760  $ (63,720) $ (2,500) $ (66,220)
Net income (loss) —  —  —  —  80,750  —  80,750  (1,240) 79,510 
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax —  —  —  —  —  (290) (290) —  (290)
Shares surrendered upon vesting of employees' share based payment awards to cover tax obligations —  —  (10) —  —  —  (10) —  (10)
Non-cash compensation expense —  —  2,150  —  —  —  2,150  —  2,150 
Issuance of warrants and preferred stock —  10,720  —  —  —  —  10,720  —  10,720 
Exercise of stock warrants —  (110) 110  —  —  —  —  —  — 
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss —  —  —  —  —  (17,260) (17,260) —  (17,260)
Balances at December 31, 2019 $ 250  $ 10,610  $ 163,240  $ (10,000) $ (141,970) $ (9,790) $ 12,340  $ (3,740) $ 8,600 
Net loss —  —  —  —  (36,560) —  (36,560) (1,420) (37,980)
Other comprehensive income, net of tax —  —  —  —  —  3,250  3,250  —  3,250 
Shares surrendered upon vesting of employees' share based payment awards to cover tax obligations —  —  (440) —  —  —  (440) —  (440)
Non-cash compensation expense —  —  2,720  —  —  —  2,720  —  2,720 
Exercise of stock warrants 10  (1,100) 1,090  —  —  —  —  —  — 
Balances at December 31, 2020 $ 260  $ 9,510  $ 166,610  $ (10,000) $ (178,530) $ (6,540) $ (18,690) $ (5,160) $ (23,850)
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
52




HORIZON GLOBAL CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
1. Basis of Presentation
Horizon Global Corporation and its consolidated subsidiaries (“Horizon,” “Horizon Global,” “we,” or the “Company”) are a global designer, manufacturer and distributor of a wide variety of high quality, custom-engineered towing, trailering, cargo management and other related accessories. These products are designed to support automotive original equipment manufacturers (“automotive OEMs”) and automotive original equipment servicers (“automotive OESs”) (collectively, “OEs”), aftermarket and retail customers within the agricultural, automotive, construction, horse/livestock, industrial, marine, military, recreational, trailer and utility markets. The Company groups its business into operating segments generally by the region in which sales and manufacturing efforts are focused. As a result of the Company’s sale of its Horizon Asia-Pacific operating segment (“APAC”) in 2019, the Company’s operating segments are Horizon Americas and Horizon Europe‑Africa. See Note 18, Segment Information, for further information on each of the Company’s operating segments. APAC results are reported separately as discontinued operations in our consolidated financial statements for all periods presented. Discontinued operations are further discussed in Note 4, Discontinued Operations.
The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of Americas (“U.S. GAAP”).
2. New Accounting Pronouncements
New accounting pronouncements not yet adopted
In August 2020, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2020-06, “Debt—Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging—Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40): Accounting for Convertible Instruments and Contracts in an Entity’s Own Equity” (“ASU 2020-06”). ASU 2020-06 simplifies the accounting for convertible instruments by removing certain separation models in Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 470-20, “Debt—Debt with Conversion and Other Options,” for convertible instruments. Under ASU 2020-06, the embedded conversion features no longer are separated from the host contract for convertible instruments with conversion features that are not required to be accounted for as derivatives under ASC 815, “Derivatives and Hedging,” or that do not result in substantial premiums accounted for as paid-in capital. For smaller reporting companies, ASU 2020-06 is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2023, with early adoption permitted for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020. We are currently assessing the impact of this update on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-04, “Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting” (“ASU 2020-04”). ASU 2020-04 provides temporary optional guidance to ease the potential burden in accounting for (or recognize the effects of) reference rate reform on financial reporting. The relief provided by this guidance is elective and applies to all entities, subject to meeting certain criteria, that have contracts, hedging relationships, and other transactions that reference the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) or another reference rate expected to be discontinued because of reference rate reform initiatives being undertaken in an effort to identify alternative reference rates that are more observable or transaction based and less susceptible to manipulation. The optional amendments of this guidance are effective for all entities upon adoption. We are currently assessing the impact of this update on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, “Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments” (“ASU 2016-13”). ASU 2016-13 replaces the current incurred loss model guidance with a new method that reflects expected credit losses. Under this guidance, an entity would recognize an allowance for credit losses equal to its estimate of expected credit losses on financial assets measured at amortized cost. In November 2019, the FASB extended the effective date of ASU 2016-13 for smaller reporting companies. As a result, ASU 2016-13 is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2022, with early adoption permitted. The standard is not expected to have a significant impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements.
Accounting pronouncements recently adopted
There were no new accounting pronouncements adopted during the year ended December 31, 2020.

53

HORIZON GLOBAL CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
3. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Principles of Consolidation.  The consolidated financial statements include the assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses of Horizon Global and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. In addition, the consolidated financial statements include the consolidation of a variable interest entity for which the Company has been deemed to be the primary beneficiary. Intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
Use of Estimates.  The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management of the Company to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements. Such estimates and assumptions also affect the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Significant items subject to such estimates and assumptions include the carrying amount of property and equipment, goodwill and other intangibles, valuation allowances for receivables, inventories and deferred income tax assets, asset impairments, valuation of derivatives, estimates related to lease liability and operating lease right-of-use (“ROU”) asset valuations, estimated future unrecoverable lease costs, estimated uncertain tax positions, legal and product liability matters, valuation of debt instruments and warrants, assets and obligations related to employee benefits, and the respective allocation methods. Actual results may differ from such estimates and assumptions.
Cash and Cash Equivalents.  The Company considers cash on hand and on deposit and investments in all highly liquid debt instruments with initial maturities of three months or less to be cash and cash equivalents.
Restricted Cash. Restricted cash consists of cash that must be maintained as collateral for letters of credit or other restrictions. The Company considers the expected timing of the release of the restrictions to determine the appropriate financial statement classification. Refer to Note 10, Long-term Debt, for additional information.
Account Receivables.  Receivables consist primarily of amounts from contracts with customers for the sale of towing, trailering, cargo management and other related accessories. As of December 31, 2020 and 2019, receivables were $87.4 million and $71.7 million, respectively, net of allowances for doubtful accounts of $2.7 million and $3.2 million, respectively. The Company monitors its exposure for credit losses and maintains allowances for doubtful accounts based upon the Company’s best estimate of probable losses inherent in the account receivables balances. The Company does not believe that significant credit risk exists due to its diverse customer base.
Account Receivables Factoring. The Company has factoring arrangements with financial institutions to sell certain accounts receivables under certain non-recourse agreements. During the twelve months ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, total receivables sold under the factoring arrangements were $237.1 million and $258.4 million, respectively. The sales of accounts receivable in accordance with the factoring arrangements are reflected as a reduction of receivables, net in the consolidated balance sheets as they meet the applicable criteria of ASC 860, “Transfers and Servicing.” As of December 31, 2020 and 2019, the holdback amounts due from the factoring institutions were $8.7 million and $5.7 million, respectively, and are shown in receivables, net in the consolidated balance sheets. Cash proceeds from these arrangements are included in the change in receivables under the operating activities section of the consolidated statements of cash flows. The Company pays factoring fees associated with the sale of receivables based on the dollar value of the receivables sold. During the twelve months ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, total factoring fees were $1.0 million for each period.
Inventories.  Inventories are stated at lower of cost or net realizable value, with cost determined using the first-in, first-out basis. Direct materials, direct labor and allocations of variable and fixed manufacturing-related overhead are included in inventory cost. Net realizable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less reasonably predictable cost of completion, disposal and transportation.
Property and Equipment.  Property and equipment additions, including significant improvements, are recorded at cost. Upon retirement or disposal of property and equipment, the historical cost and accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts, and any gain or loss is included in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. Repair and maintenance costs are charged to expense as incurred.

54

HORIZON GLOBAL CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Depreciation. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets. Annual depreciation rates are as follows:
Fixed Asset Category Estimated Useful Life
Building and Land/Building Improvements
10 - 40 years
Machinery and Equipment
3 - 15 years
Leases.  The Company determines if an arrangement is a lease at inception. Operating leases are included in operating lease ROU assets; short-term operating lease liabilities; and long-term operating lease liabilities in our consolidated balance sheets. Finance leases are included in property and equipment, net; short-term borrowings and current maturities, long-term debt; and long-term debt in our consolidated balance sheets. Short-term leases with terms of twelve months or less are not recognized on the balance sheet and are expensed over the lease term.
ROU assets represent our right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent our obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Operating lease ROU assets and liabilities are recognized at commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. As most of our leases do not provide an implicit rate, we generally use our incremental borrowing rate based on the estimated rate of interest for collateralized borrowing over a similar term of the lease payments at commencement date. The operating lease ROU asset also includes any lease payments made and excludes lease incentives. Our lease terms may include options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that we will exercise that option. Lease expense for operating lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term.
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets and Definite-Lived Intangible Assets.  The Company reviews its financial performance for indicators of impairment on at least a quarterly basis. In reviewing for impairment indicators, the Company considers events or changes in circumstances such as business prospects, customer retention, market trends, potential product obsolescence, competitive activities and other economic factors. An impairment loss is recognized when the carrying value of an asset group exceeds the future net undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by that asset group. The impairment loss recognized is the amount by which the carrying value of the asset group exceeds its fair value.
Goodwill.  Goodwill is acquired in a business combination and represents the excess of purchase consideration over the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed. The Company determines its reporting units at the individual operating segment level, or one level below, when there is discrete financial information available that is regularly reviewed by segment management for evaluating operating results. Goodwill is reviewed by the Company for impairment on a reporting unit basis annually on October 1st or more frequently if indicators are present or changes in circumstances suggest that impairment may exist. The Company performs a qualitative assessment of whether it is more likely than not that a reporting unit’s fair value is less than its carrying amount. If not, no further goodwill impairment testing is performed. If so, then the Company performs testing for possible impairment in a one-step quantitative process. The fair value of a reporting unit is compared with its carrying value, including goodwill. If fair value exceeds the carrying value, goodwill is not considered to be impaired. If the fair value of a reporting unit is below the carrying value, then goodwill is considered to be impaired in the amount of the excess of a reporting unit’s carrying value over its fair value, not to exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to the reporting unit.
For purposes of the Company’s annual goodwill impairment test, the Company had one reporting unit with a goodwill balance which is also one of its operating segments, Horizon Americas. This reporting unit had goodwill of $3.1 million at the 2020 annual test for impairment. See Note 6, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, for further information.
Indefinite-Lived Intangibles. The Company assesses indefinite-lived intangible assets for impairment annually on October 1st by reviewing relevant qualitative factors. More frequent evaluations may be required if the Company experiences changes in its business climate or as a result of other triggering events.
Indefinite-lived intangible assets are tested for impairment by comparing the fair value of each intangible asset with its carrying value. The value of indefinite-lived intangible assets are based on the present value of projected cash flows using a relief from royalty approach. If the carrying value exceeds fair value, the intangible asset is considered impaired and is reduced to fair value. See Note 6, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, for further information.
55

HORIZON GLOBAL CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Revenue Recognition and Sales Related Accruals.  Revenue is recognized when obligations under the terms of a contract with the Company’s customers are satisfied; generally, this occurs with the transfer of control of its towing, trailering, cargo management and other related accessory products. Revenue is measured as the amount of consideration the Company expects to receive in exchange for transferring its products. Sales, value added and other taxes the Company collects concurrent with revenue-producing activities are excluded from revenue. The Company’s payment terms vary by the type and location of its customers and the products offered. The term between invoicing and when payment is due is not significant.
For the majority of the Company’s sales arrangements, the Company deems control to transfer at a single point in time and recognizes revenue when it ships products from its manufacturing facilities to its customers. Once a product has shipped, the customer is able to direct the use of, and obtain substantially all of the remaining benefits from, the asset. The Company considers control to transfer upon shipment because the Company has a present right to payment at that time, the customer has legal title to the asset, and the customer has significant risks and rewards of ownership of the asset.
Provisions for customer volume rebates, product returns, discounts and allowances, including incentives for cooperative advertising, are variable consideration and are recorded as a reduction of revenue in the same period the related sales are recorded. Such provisions are calculated using historical averages adjusted for any expected changes due to current business conditions. The Company uses the most likely amount method to estimate variable consideration. For the twelve months ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, adjustments to estimates of variable consideration for previously recognized revenue were insignificant.
The Company expenses costs incurred to obtain a contract with a customer when the amortization period is one year or less. These costs include sales commissions as the Company has determined annual compensation is commensurate with annual sales activities.
The Company does not adjust consideration for the effects of a significant financing component when the period between shipment of its products and customer’s payment is one year or less.
Cost of Sales. Cost of sales includes material, labor and overhead costs incurred in the manufacturing of products sold in the period. Material costs include raw material, purchased components, outside processing and shipping and handling costs. Overhead costs consist of variable and fixed manufacturing costs, wages and fringe benefits, and purchasing, receiving and inspection costs.
Research and Development Costs. Research and development (“R&D”) costs are expensed as incurred. During the twelve months ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, R&D expenses were $13.3 million and $13.2 million, respectively, and are included in cost of sales in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations.
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses. Selling, general and administrative expenses include the following: costs related to the advertising, sale and marketing of the Company’s products, amortization of customer intangible assets, costs associated with the Company’s distribution network, costs of back office support functions and other administrative expenses.
Shipping and Handling Expenses. Shipping and handling costs associated with outbound freight are accounted for as a fulfillment cost and are included in cost of sales. Other shipping and handling expenses, which primarily relate to Horizon Americas’ distribution network, are included in selling, general and administrative expenses in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. During the twelve months ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, other shipping and handling costs were $17.0 million and $20.6 million, respectively.
Advertising and Sales Promotion Costs. Advertising and sales promotion costs are expensed as incurred. During the twelve months ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, advertising and sales promotion costs were $2.6 million and $2.3 million, respectively, in selling, general and administrative expenses in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations.
56

HORIZON GLOBAL CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Income Taxes.  The Company computes income taxes using the asset and liability method, whereby deferred income taxes are provided for the temporary differences between the financial reporting basis and the tax basis of assets and liabilities and for operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. Under this method, changes in tax rates and laws are recognized in income in the period such changes are enacted. Valuation allowances are determined based on an assessment of positive and negative evidence on a jurisdiction-by-jurisdiction basis and are utilized to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount more likely than not to be realized. The Company recognizes the effect of income tax positions only if those positions have a probability of more likely than not of being sustained in an audit. Recognized income tax positions are measured at the largest amount that has greater than 50% likelihood of being realized. Changes in recognition or measurement are reflected in the period in which the change in judgment occurs. The Company records interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions within income tax expense. Accrued interest and penalties are included within the related tax liability line in the consolidated balance sheets.
The provision for federal, foreign, and state and local income taxes is calculated on income before income taxes based on current tax law and includes the cumulative effect of any changes in tax rates from those used previously in determining deferred tax assets and liabilities. Such provision differs from the amounts currently payable because certain items of income and expense are recognized in different reporting periods for financial reporting purposes than for income tax purposes.
Foreign Currency Translation.  The financial statements of subsidiaries located outside of the United States are measured using the currency of the primary economic environment in which they operate as their functional currency. When translating into U.S. dollars, income and expense items are translated at period average exchange rates and assets and liabilities are translated at exchange rates in effect at the balance sheet date. Translation adjustments resulting from translating the functional currency into U.S. dollars are deferred as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) (“AOCI”) in the consolidated balance sheets.
Foreign Currency Remeasurement.  The effects of remeasuring monetary assets and liabilities of the Company’s businesses denominated in currencies other than their functional currency are recorded as transaction gains and losses as a component of other expense, net in the consolidated statements of operations. Additionally, gains and losses resulting from transactions denominated in a currency other than the functional currency are recorded as transaction gains and losses as a component of other expense, net in the consolidated statements of operations. During the twelve months ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, net foreign currency transaction gains were $0.9 million and $0.1 million, respectively.
Derivative Financial Instruments.  The Company records all derivative financial instruments at fair value on the balance sheets as either assets or liabilities, and changes in their fair values are immediately recognized in earnings if the derivatives do not qualify as effective hedges. If a derivative is designated as a fair value hedge, then the effective portion of changes in the fair value of the derivative are offset against the changes in the fair value of the underlying hedged item. If a derivative is designated as a cash flow hedge, then the effective portion of the changes in the fair value of the derivative is recognized as a component of AOCI until the underlying hedged item is recognized in earnings or the forecasted transaction is no longer probable of occurring. When the underlying hedged transaction is realized or the hedged transaction is no longer probable, the gain or loss included in AOCI is reclassified into earnings and reflected in the consolidated statements of operations through the same line item as the underlying hedged item.
The Company formally documents hedging relationships for all derivative transactions and the underlying hedged items, as well as its risk management objectives and strategies for undertaking the hedge transactions at the time of transaction.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments.  In accounting for and disclosing the fair value of these instruments, the Company uses the following hierarchy:
Level 1 inputs are quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the Company has the ability to access at the measurement date;
Level 2 inputs are inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly; and
Level 3 inputs are unobservable inputs for the asset or liability.
Valuation of the Company’s foreign currency forward contracts and cross currency swaps are based on the income approach, which uses observable inputs such as forward currency exchange rates and swap rates. There were no outstanding derivatives contracts at December 31, 2020 and 2019.
57

HORIZON GLOBAL CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Earnings (Loss) Per Share.  Basic earnings (loss) per share (“EPS”) is computed based upon the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for each period. Diluted EPS is computed based on the weighted average number of common shares and common equivalent shares outstanding for each period. Common equivalent shares represent the effect of stock-based awards, warrants, and convertible notes during each period presented, which, if exercised, earned, or converted, would have a dilutive effect on EPS. Dilutive EPS is calculated to give effect to stock options and warrants, restricted shares outstanding, and convertible notes during each period. Loss per share excludes certain dilutive securities as inclusion results in an anti-dilutive effect.
Environmental Obligations.  The Company is subject to environmental laws and regulations, including those relating to air emissions, wastewater discharges and chemical and hazardous waste management and disposal. Some of these environmental laws hold owners or operators of land or businesses liable for their own and for previous owners’ or operators’ releases of hazardous or toxic substances or wastes. Other environmental laws and regulations require the obtainment and compliance with environmental permits. To date, costs of complying with environmental requirements have not been material; however, the Company cannot quantify with certainty the potential impact of future compliance efforts and environmental remediation actions.
While the Company must comply with existing and pending climate change legislation, regulation and international treaties or accords, current laws and regulations have not had a material impact on the Company’s business, capital expenditures or financial position. Future events, including those relating to climate change or greenhouse gas regulation could require the Company to incur expenses related to the modification or curtailment of operations, installation of pollution control equipment or investigation and cleanup of contaminated sites.
Contingencies and Ordinary Course Claims.  In the ordinary course of business, the Company is subject of, or party to, various pending or threatened legal actions and other contingent liability actions, including those arising from alleged defects related to our products, product warranties, recalls, breach of contracts, intellectual property matters, international trade, customs and duties matters, employment-related matters and other litigation. Litigation is always subject to inherent uncertainty and the Company is not able to reasonably predict if any matter will be resolved in a manner that is materially adverse to the Company.
An accrual for potential losses related to these contingencies is established when there is a probable occurrence of loss and the amount can be reasonably estimated. The Company does not record liabilities when the likelihood that a liability has been incurred is probable, but the amount cannot be reasonably estimated, or when the liability is believed to be only reasonably possible or remote. When the Company evaluates matters for accrual and disclosure purposes, management takes into consideration factors such as our historical experience with matters of a similar nature, the specific facts and circumstances asserted and the related jurisdictional legal proceedings, the likelihood that we will prevail, and the severity of any potential loss. We monitor and update our accruals as matters progress over time.
The Company carries product liability, recall and other insurance to defray some of the costs if a claim settlement or judgment exceeds our self-insured retention limit. Refer to Note 14, Contingencies, for additional information.
Stock-based Compensation.  The Company measures stock-based compensation expense at fair value as of the grant date in accordance with U.S. GAAP and recognizes such expenses over the vesting period of the stock-based employee awards. Stock options are issued with an exercise price equal to the opening market price of Horizon common shares on the date of grant. The fair value of stock options is determined using a Black-Scholes option pricing model, which incorporates assumptions regarding the expected volatility, expected option life, risk-free interest rate and expected dividend yield. In addition, the Company periodically updates its estimate of attainment for each restricted share with a performance factor based on current and forecasted results, reflecting the change from prior estimate, if any, in current period compensation expense.
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss).  The Company refers to other comprehensive income (loss) as revenues, expenses, gains and losses that under U.S. GAAP are included in comprehensive income (loss) but are excluded from net income (loss) as these amounts are recorded directly as an adjustment to AOCI. Other comprehensive income (loss) is comprised of foreign currency translation adjustments and changes in unrealized gains and losses on forward currency contracts and cross currency swaps.
58








4. Discontinued Operations
On September 19, 2019, the Company completed the sale of its subsidiaries that comprised APAC to Hayman Pacific BidCo Pty Ltd., an affiliate of Pacific Equity Partners, for $209.6 million in net cash proceeds after payment of transaction costs, in a net debt free sale. The sale resulted in the recognition of a gain of $180.5 million, of which $17.3 million was related to the cumulative translation adjustment that was reclassified to earnings, which is reflected within the income from discontinued operations, net of income taxes line of the consolidated statements of operations.
The Company has classified APAC’s operating results and the gain on the sale as discontinued operations in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations for all periods presented in accordance with ASC 205, “Discontinued Operations.” Prior to the sale, APAC was included as a separate operating segment.
In the first quarter of 2020, the remaining post-closing conditions of the sale were completed, resulting in a true up to net cash proceeds, for which we recognized a loss on sale of discontinued operations of $0.5 million.
The Company’s results from discontinued operations through the date of sale of APAC, September 19, 2019 are as follows:
Twelve Months Ended
December 31, 2019
  (dollars in thousands)
Net sales $ 92,300 
Cost of sales (68,530)
Gross profit 23,770 
Selling, general and administrative expenses (9,580)
Other expense, net (400)
Interest expense (310)
Income before income tax expense 13,480 
Income tax expense (4,450)
Gain on sale of discontinued operations 180,490 
Income from discontinued operations, net of income taxes $ 189,520 

59

HORIZON GLOBAL CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
5. Revenues
The Company disaggregates revenue from contracts with customers by major sales channel. The Company determined that disaggregating revenue into these categories best depicts how the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows are affected by economic factors. The automotive OEM channel represents sales to automotive vehicle manufacturers. The automotive OES channel primarily represents sales to automotive vehicle dealerships. The aftermarket channel represents sales to automotive installers and warehouse distributors. The retail channel represents sales to direct-to-consumer retailers. The industrial channel represents sales to non-automotive manufacturers and dealers of agricultural equipment, trailers, and other custom assemblies. The e-commerce channel represents sales to direct-to-consumer retailers who utilize the Internet to purchase the Company’s products. The other channel represents sales that do not fit into a category described above and these sales are considered ancillary to the Company’s core operating activities.
The Company’s net sales by segments and disaggregated by major sales channel are as follows:
Twelve Months Ended
December 31, 2020
Horizon Americas Horizon Europe-Africa Total
(dollars in thousands)
Net Sales
Automotive OEM $ 77,280  $ 149,850  $ 227,130 
Automotive OES 8,310  50,290  58,600 
Aftermarket 114,750  73,010  187,760 
Retail 100,660  —  100,660 
Industrial 27,480  1,670  29,150 
E-commerce 53,850  1,570  55,420 
Other 50  2,460  2,510 
Total $ 382,380  $ 278,850  $ 661,230 

Twelve Months Ended
December 31, 2019
Horizon Americas Horizon Europe-Africa Total
(dollars in thousands)
Net Sales
Automotive OEM $ 87,700  $ 181,490  $ 269,190 
Automotive OES 6,950  58,080  65,030 
Aftermarket 96,910  69,370  166,280 
Retail 105,970  —  105,970 
Industrial 29,390  2,850  32,240 
E-commerce 45,750  1,880  47,630 
Other 50  4,060  4,110 
Total $ 372,720  $ 317,730  $ 690,450 
60

HORIZON GLOBAL CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
6. Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
The novel coronavirus (“COVID-19”) pandemic and the related wide-ranging actions taken by international, federal, state, and local public health and governmental authorities to combat the pandemic and spread of COVID-19 in regions across the United States and the world resulted in a temporary decline in the financial performance of the Company, primarily related to the first half of the year, and at the same time pressure on its near-term financial forecasts. Consequently, the Company identified an indicator of impairment on its goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets in its Horizon Americas reporting unit and on its indefinite-lived intangible assets in its Horizon Europe-Africa reporting unit in the first quarter of 2020.
As a result of the indicator, the Company performed an interim quantitative impairment assessment of the goodwill recorded for the Horizon Americas reporting unit as of March 31, 2020, by considering the market and income approaches. The results of the quantitative analysis performed indicated the fair value of the reporting unit exceeded the carrying value. Key assumptions used in the analysis were a discount rate of 14.0%, Adjusted EBITDA (as defined below) margin and a terminal growth rate of 3.0%. The primary driver in the reduction of the fair value of the reporting unit was a reduction of expected future cash flows during the remainder of 2020 to reflect the uncertainty surrounding the full impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. Future events and changing market conditions, including operating restrictions may, however, lead the Company to re-evaluate the assumptions that have been used to test for goodwill impairment, including key assumptions used in the expected Adjusted EBITDA margin, cash flows and discount rate, as well as other assumptions with respect to matters outside of the Company’s control, such as currency rates and the aforementioned geographical government shutdowns and operating restrictions.
Adjusted EBITDA is defined as net income attributable to Horizon Global before interest expense, income taxes, depreciation and amortization, and before certain items, as applicable, such as severance, restructuring, relocation and related business disruption costs, impairment of goodwill and other intangibles, non-cash stock compensation, certain product liability and litigation claims, acquisition and integration costs, gains (losses) on business divestitures and other assets, board transition support and non-cash unrealized foreign currency remeasurement costs.
In addition, as a result of the indicator of impairment identified, the Company performed an interim impairment assessment of its indefinite-lived intangible assets as of March 31, 2020 in the Horizon Americas and Horizon Europe‑Africa operating segments. Based on the results of our analyses, the estimated fair values of the trade names exceeded the carrying values. Key assumptions used in the analyses were a discount rate of 14.5% and royalty rates ranging from 0.5% to 1.9%.
The Company performed an annual goodwill impairment test as of October 1, 2020 and 2019, for the Horizon Americas reporting unit. The assessment indicated that it was more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting unit exceeded its carrying value.
61

HORIZON GLOBAL CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Changes in the carrying amount of goodwill are as follows:
Horizon Americas Horizon Europe‑Africa Total
(dollars in thousands)
Balances at January 1, 2019 $ 4,500  $ —  $ 4,500 
Foreign currency translation (150) —  (150)
Balances at December 31, 2019 4,350  —  4,350 
Foreign currency translation (990) —  (990)
Balances at December 31, 2020 $ 3,360  $ —  $ 3,360 
The gross carrying amounts and accumulated amortization of the Company’s other intangible assets are as follows:
  December 31, 2020
Intangible Category by Useful Life Gross Carrying
Amount
Accumulated
Amortization
Net Carrying Amount
  (dollars in thousands)
Finite-lived intangible assets:    
Customer relationships, 2 - 20 years
$ 166,420  $ (135,140) $ 31,280 
Technology and other, 3 - 15 years
22,250  (16,710) 5,540 
Trademark/Trade names, 1 - 8 years
150  (150) — 
Total finite-lived intangible assets 188,820  (152,000) 36,820 
Trademark/Trade names, indefinite-lived 21,410  —  21,410 
Total other intangible assets $ 210,230  $ (152,000) $ 58,230 
  December 31, 2019
Intangible Category by Useful Life Gross Carrying
Amount
Accumulated
Amortization
Net Carrying Amount
  (dollars in thousands)
Finite-lived intangible assets:    
Customer relationships, 2 - 20 years
$ 164,150  $ (129,310) $ 34,840 
Technology and other, 3 - 15 years
21,420  (17,260) 4,160 
Trademark/Trade names, 1 - 8 years
150  (150) — 
Total finite-lived intangible assets 185,720  (146,720) 39,000 
Trademark/Trade names, indefinite-lived 21,120  —  21,120 
Total other intangible assets $ 206,840  $ (146,720) $ 60,120 
On March 1, 2019, the Company entered into an agreement of sale of certain business assets in its Horizon Europe-Africa operating segment, via a share and asset sale (the “Sale”). Under the terms of the Sale, effective March 1, 2019, the Company disposed of certain non-automotive business assets that operated using the Terwa brand for $5.5 million, which included a $0.5 million note receivable. The Sale resulted in a $3.6 millions loss recorded in other expense, net in the consolidated statements of operations, including a $3.0 million reduction of net intangibles related to customer relationships.

62

HORIZON GLOBAL CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Amortization expense related to other intangible assets as included in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations are as follows:
Twelve Months Ended
December 31,
2020 2019
(dollars in thousands)
Technology and other, included in cost of sales $ 1,160  $ 530 
Customer relationships, included in selling, general and administrative expenses 5,460  5,220 
Total amortization expense $ 6,620  $ 5,750 
Estimated amortization expense for the next five fiscal years beginning after December 31, 2020 are as follows:
Twelve Months Ended
December 31,
Estimated Amortization Expense
(dollars in thousands)
2021 $ 4,860 
2022 $ 4,550 
2023 $ 4,280 
2024 $ 4,050 
2025 $ 3,990 
The Company performed an annual qualitative indefinite-lived impairment assessment as of October 1, 2020 and 2019. The assessment indicated that it was more likely than not that the fair value of each of the indefinite-lived intangible assets exceeded its respective carrying value. We do not believe there is risk for impairment as of December 31, 2020.
7. Inventories
Inventories consist of the following components:
December 31,
2020 2019
  (dollars in thousands)
Finished goods $ 58,600  $ 82,080 
Work in process 13,070  12,820 
Raw materials 43,650  41,750 
Total inventories $ 115,320  $ 136,650 
63

HORIZON GLOBAL CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
8. Property and Equipment, Net
Property and equipment, net consists of the following components:
December 31,
  2020 2019
  (dollars in thousands)
Land and land improvements $ 520  $ 470 
Buildings 23,040  21,290 
Machinery and equipment 134,750  121,740 
Total property and equipment 158,310  143,500 
Accumulated depreciation (84,220) (67,670)
Property and equipment, net $ 74,090  $ 75,830 
Depreciation expense as included in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations are as follows:
Twelve Months Ended
December 31,
2020 2019
(dollars in thousands)
Depreciation expense, included in cost of sales $ 15,210  $ 13,360 
Depreciation expense, included in selling, general and administrative expenses 1,080  2,580 
Total depreciation expense $ 16,290  $ 15,940 
64

HORIZON GLOBAL CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
9. Accrued and Other Long-term Liabilities
Accrued liabilities consist of the following components:
December 31,
2020 2019
(dollars in thousands)
Customer incentives $ 15,870  $ 14,270 
Accrued compensation 12,130  6,760 
Customer claims 6,520  7,540 
Short-term tax liabilities 5,570  90 
Litigation settlements 1,600  1,110 
Accrued professional services 1,510  3,680 
Deferred purchase price 1,370  790 
Restructuring 650  2,340 
Other 13,880  12,270 
Total accrued liabilities $ 59,100  $ 48,850 
Other long-term liabilities consist of the following components:
December 31,
  2020 2019
  (dollars in thousands)
Litigation settlements $ 2,930  $ — 
Deferred purchase price 1,650  2,370 
Restructuring 1,070  1,600 
Long-term tax liabilities 130  340 
Other 8,780  9,480 
Total other long-term liabilities $ 14,560  $ 13,790 
65

HORIZON GLOBAL CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
10. Long-term Debt
The Company’s long-term debt consists of the following components:
December 31,
  2020 2019
  (dollars in thousands)
Revolving Credit Facility $ 24,230  $ — 
ABL Facility —  20,020 
Replacement Term Loan 90,210  — 
First Lien Term Loan —  25,210 
Second Lien Term Loan —  56,960 
Convertible Notes 125,000  125,000 
Paycheck Protection Program Loan 8,670  — 
Bank facilities, capital leases and other long-term debt 17,970  13,670 
Gross debt 266,080  240,860 
Less:
Short-term borrowings and current maturities, long-term debt 14,120  4,310 
Gross long-term debt 251,960  236,550 
Less:
Unamortized debt issuance costs and original issuance discount on Replacement Term Loan 9,100  — 
Unamortized debt issuance costs and original issuance discount on First Lien Term Loan —  700 
Unamortized debt issuance costs and discount on Second Lien Term Loan —  12,730 
Unamortized debt issuance costs and discount on Convertible Notes 11,470  18,070 
Unamortized debt issuance costs and discount 20,570  31,500 
Long-term debt $ 231,390  $ 205,050 
ABL Facility
On December 22, 2015, the Company entered into an Amended and Restated Loan Agreement among the Company, Horizon Global Americas Inc. (“HGA”), Cequent UK Limited, Cequent Towing Products of Canada Ltd. (“Cequent Towing”), certain other subsidiaries of the Company party thereto as guarantors, the lenders party thereto and Bank of America, N.A., as agent for the lenders (the “ABL Loan Agreement”), under which the lenders party thereto agreed to provide the Company and certain of its subsidiaries with a committed asset-based revolving credit facility (the “ABL Facility”) providing for revolving loans up to an aggregate principal amount of $99.0 million.
The ABL Facility consisted of (i) a U.S. sub-facility, in an aggregate principal amount of up to $85.0 million (subject to availability under a US-specific borrowing base), (ii) a Canadian sub-facility, in an aggregate principal amount of up to $2.0 million (subject to availability under a Canadian-specific borrowing base), and (iii) a UK sub-facility in an aggregate principal amount of up to $3.0 million (subject to availability under a UK-specific borrowing base).
In March 2020, the Company paid in full all outstanding debt incurred under the ABL Facility, which the Company accounted for as a debt extinguishment in accordance with guidance in ASC 405-20, “Extinguishment of Liabilities.” As a result of the debt extinguishment, during the twelve months ended December 31, 2020, the Company recognized $0.8 million of unamortized debt issuance costs in interest expense and $0.6 million of additional costs in selling, general and administrative expenses in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations, in accordance with ASC 470-50, “Modifications and Extinguishments” (“ASC 470-50”).
During the twelve months ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, the Company recognized $0.4 million and $1.6 million for amortization of debt issuance costs, respectively, in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations.
66

HORIZON GLOBAL CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
As of December 31, 2020 and 2019, the Company had no and $7.7 million of letters of credit issued and outstanding under the ABL Facility. The letters of credit were collateralized with a line block on the ABL Facility. During the twelve months ended December 31, 2020, certain letters of credit were reissued under the Revolving Credit Facility, as defined below, with a total of $3.1 million issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2020, with no cash collateral requirement. Other letters of credit were reissued under the Revolving Credit Facility, with a cash collateral requirement, with a total of $4.9 million as of December 31, 2020. The cash collateral requirement is 105% of the outstanding letters of credit, for a total amount of $5.1 million as of December 31, 2020. Cash collateral is presented in restricted cash in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.
Revolving Credit Facility
In March 2020, the Company, as guarantor, entered into a Loan and Security Agreement (the “Loan Agreement”) with Encina Business Credit, LLC (“Encina”), as agent for the lenders party thereto, and HGA and Cequent Towing, as borrowers (the “ABL Borrowers”). The Loan Agreement provides for an asset-based revolving credit facility (the “Revolving Credit Facility”) in the maximum aggregate principal amount of $75.0 million subject to customary borrowing base limitations contained therein, and may be increased at the ABL Borrowers’ request in increments of $5.0 million, up to a maximum of five times over the life of the Revolving Credit Facility, for a total increase of up to $25.0 million.
The interest on the loans under the Loan Agreement is payable in cash at the interest rate of LIBOR plus 4.00% per annum, subject to a 1.00% LIBOR floor, provided that if for any reason the loans are converted to base rate loans, interest will be paid in cash at the customary base rate plus a margin of 3.00% per annum. All interest, fees, and other monetary obligations due may, in Encina’s discretion but upon prior notice to the ABL Borrowers, be charged to the loan account and thereafter be deemed to be part of the Revolving Credit Facility subject to the same interest rate. There are no amortization payments required under the Loan Agreement. Borrowings under the Loan Agreement mature on the earlier of: (i) March 13, 2023 and (ii) 90 days prior to the maturity of the Company’s Replacement Term Loan, as defined below, as may be in effect from time to time, unless earlier terminated. As a result of the 2020 Replacement Term Loan Amendment, as defined below, the maturity of all borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility were extended to fiscal year 2022 and are presented in gross long-term debt in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2020. All of the indebtedness under the Loan Agreement is and will be guaranteed by the Company and certain of the Company’s existing and future North American subsidiaries and is and will be secured by substantially all of the assets of the Company, such other guarantors, and the ABL Borrowers.
The Loan Agreement also contains a financial covenant that stipulates the ABL Borrowers and guarantors under the Loan Agreement will not make Capital Expenditures (as defined in the Loan Agreement) exceeding $30.0 million during any fiscal year.
Debt issuance costs of $2.3 million were incurred in connection with the Loan Agreement. These debt issuance costs will be amortized into interest expense over the contractual term of the Loan Agreement. During the twelve months ended December 31, 2020, the Company recognized $1.2 million for amortization of debt issuance costs in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. As of December 31, 2020, there was $1.1 million of unamortized debt issuance costs included in other assets in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.
As of December 31, 2020, there was $24.2 million outstanding under the Revolving Credit Facility and as of December 31, 2019, there was $20.0 million outstanding under the ABL Facility, with a weighted average interest rate of 5.0% and 5.5%, respectively. As of December 31, 2020, the Company had $38.4 million of availability under the Revolving Credit Facility and as of December 31, 2019, the Company had $33.1 million of availability under the ABL Facility.
67

HORIZON GLOBAL CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
First Lien Term Loan Agreement
On June 30, 2015, the Company entered into a credit agreement among the Company, the lenders party thereto and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. (the “Term Loan Agreement”) under which the Company borrowed an aggregate of $200.0 million (the “Original Term B Loan”). The Term Loan Agreement has been subsequently amended and restated on several occasions and is collectively referred to as the “First Lien Term Loan Agreement.” The Original Term B Loan has also been subsequently amended on several occasions and is collectively referred to as the “First Lien Term Loan.” In conjunction with the entry into the Revolving Credit Facility referenced above, Cortland Capital Markets Services LLC served as administrative agent and collateral agent for the First Lien Term Loan.
In July 2018, the Company entered into the Fourth Amendment to the Term Loan Agreement which provided for additional borrowings of $50.0 million (the “2018 Incremental Term Loan”; the 2017 Replacement Term Loan, as increased by the 2018 Incremental Term Loan, the “2018 Term B Loan”). Interest on borrowings under the 2018 Term B Loan was payable at LIBOR, with a 1.0% floor, plus 6.0% per annum.
In February 2019, the Company amended and restated the existing 2018 Term Loan Agreement (the “First Lien Term Loan Agreement”) to permit the Company to enter into the Senior Term Loan Agreement and tightened certain indebtedness, asset sale, investment and restricted payment baskets.
In March 2019, the Company amended the existing term loan agreement (“Sixth Term Amendment”) to permit the Company to enter into the Second Lien Term Loan Agreement, as well as amended the interest rate on the First Lien Term Loan Agreement to add 3.0% paid-in-kind (“PIK”) interest in addition to the existing cash interest.
In September 2019, the Company amended the existing First Lien Term Loan Agreement (“Eighth Term Amendment”) to provide consent for the sale of the Company’s APAC segment, provide consent for the Company to meet its prepayment obligation of the First Lien Term Loan, remove prepayment penalties and make certain negative covenants less restrictive. In September 2019, the Company paid down a portion of its First Lien Term Loan’s outstanding principal plus fees and paid-in-kind interest in the amount of $172.9 million.
During the twelve months ended December 31, 2019, the Company recognized $8.7 million of unamortized debt issuance costs in interest expense in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations, in accordance with ASC 470-50, due to the extinguishment of debt for certain lenders in the loan syndicate in connection with various amendments to the First Lien Term Loan Agreement occurring during 2019. During the twelve months ended December 31, 2019, the Company also recognized $0.7 million of additional costs in selling, general and administrative expenses in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations, in accordance with ASC 470-50.
In May 2020, the Company entered into an amendment, limited waiver and consent (the “Tenth Term Amendment”) with an effective date of April 1, 2020, to amend the First Lien Term Loan Agreement and to consent to the Company’s entering into, among other things, the PPP Loan and French Loan, each as defined and described below.
As a result of the Replacement Term Loan Amendment, as defined and described below, the outstanding balance and any accrued interest has been replaced by the Replacement Term Loan, as defined and described below.
During the twelve months ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, the Company recognized $0.2 million and $2.8 million, respectively, of amortization of debt issuance and discount costs, in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations.
During the twelve months ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, the Company recognized $0.4 million and $3.2 million, respectively, of PIK interest, on the First Lien Term Loan. As of December 31, 2020 and 2019, the Company had no and $25.2 million, respectively, of aggregate principal amount outstanding, and as of December 31, 2019, bearing cash interest at 8.1% under the First Lien Term Loan.
As of December 31, 2019, the Company’s First Lien Term Loan traded at 97.8% of par value. The valuation of the First Lien Term Loan was determined based on Level 2 inputs under the fair value hierarchy.
68

HORIZON GLOBAL CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Senior Term Loan Agreement
In February 2019, the Company entered into a credit agreement (the “Senior Term Loan Agreement”) with Cortland Capital Markets Services LLC, as administrative agent and collateral agent, and the lenders party thereto. The Senior Term Loan Agreement provided for a short-term loan facility in the aggregate principal amount of $10.0 million, all of which was borrowed by the Company. Certain of the lenders under the Company’s First Lien Term Loan Agreement were the lenders under the Senior Term Loan Agreement.
The Senior Term Loan Agreement required the Company to obtain additional financing in amounts and on terms acceptable to the lenders. The Senior Term Loan Agreement was repaid on March 15, 2019, in conjunction with the additional financing further detailed below. During the twelve months ended December 31, 2019, the Company incurred debt issuance costs of $0.5 million in connection with the Senior Term Loan Agreement, which were recorded to selling, general and administrative expenses in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations.
Second Lien Term Loan Agreement
In March 2019, the Company entered into a credit agreement (the “Second Lien Term Loan Agreement”) with Cortland Capital Markets Services LLC, as administrative agent and collateral agent, and Corre Partners Management L.L.C., as representative of the lenders, and the lenders party thereto. The Second Lien Term Loan Agreement provided for a term loan facility in the aggregate principal amount of $51.0 million. The proceeds, net of applicable fees, of the Second Lien Term Loan Agreement were used to repay all amounts outstanding under the Senior Term Loan Agreement and to provide additional liquidity and working capital for the Company. Interest on borrowings under the Second Lien Term Loan Agreement Loan was payable in-kind at the customary eurocurrency rate plus a margin of 11.5%. The Second Lien Term Loan Agreement was secured by a second lien on substantially the same collateral as the First Lien Term Loan, bearing an interest rate of LIBOR plus 11.5% payable in-kind through an increase in principal balance.
In September 2019, the Company amended the Second Lien Term Loan Agreement (“Second Lien Amendment”) to remove the prepayment requirement related to the use of APAC sale proceeds and made certain negative covenants less restrictive.
Pursuant to the Second Lien Term Loan Agreement, the Company was required to issue detachable warrants to purchase up to 6.25 million shares of its common stock, which can be exercised on a cashless basis over a five-year term with an exercise price of $1.50 per share. In March 2019, warrants to purchase 3,601,902 shares of common stock were issued and the Company also issued 90,667 shares of Series A Preferred Stock in the interim that were convertible into additional warrants to purchase 2,952,248 shares of common stock upon receipt of shareholder approval of the issuance of such additional warrants and the shares of common stock issuable upon exercise thereof.
In accordance with ASC 480, “Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity” (“ASC 480”) and ASC 815, “Derivatives and Hedging” (“ASC 815”), the (i) Second Lien Term Loan; (ii) Series A Preferred Stock, and (iii) warrants are all freestanding instruments and proceeds were allocated to each instrument on March 15, 2019 on a relative fair value basis: (i) $40.3 million; (ii) $5.3 million and (iii) $5.4 million, respectively.
The Series A Preferred Stock was not within the scope of ASC 480 and did not meet the criteria for liability classification. The Series A Preferred Stock was classified as temporary equity as of March 31, 2019, as the Series A Preferred Stock was entitled to receive two times its liquidation value in cash upon occurrence of a liquidation or deemed liquidation event, which is outside the control of the Company. After receipt of shareholder approval at the Company’s annual meeting of shareholders on June 25, 2019, the 90,667 shares of Series A Preferred Stock were automatically converted into warrants to purchase 2,952,248 shares of common stock and $5.3 million was reclassified to common stock warrants within shareholders’ equity in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets. The warrants also do not meet the criteria for liability classification under ASC 480. However, the warrants meet the definition of a derivative under ASC 815, and are determined to be indexed to the Company’s common stock and meet the requirements for equity classification pursuant to ASC 815-40, “Derivatives and Hedging-Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity” (“ASC 815-40”).
The Company determined the fair value of the Second Lien Term Loan using a discount rate build up approach. The fair values of the Series A Preferred Stock and warrants were determined using an option pricing method. The debt discount of $10.7 million created by the relative fair value allocation of the equity component is being amortized as additional non-cash interest expense using the effective interest method over the contractual term of the loan.
69

HORIZON GLOBAL CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
In May 2020, the Company entered into an amendment, limited waiver and consent (the “Second Lien Third Amendment”), with an effective date of April 1, 2020, to amend the Second Lien Term Loan Agreement and to consent to the Company’s entering into, among other things, the PPP Loan and French Loan, each as defined and described below.
Debt issuance costs of $3.8 million and original issuance discount of $1.0 million were incurred in connection with entry into the Second Lien Term Loan Agreement.
As a result of the Replacement Term Loan Amendment, as defined and described below, the outstanding balance and any accrued interest has been replaced by the Replacement Term Loan, as defined and described below.
During the twelve months ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, the Company recognized $2.7 million and $2.8 million, respectively, for amortization of debt issuance and discount costs, in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations.
During the twelve months ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, the Company recognized $3.4 million and $6.5 million, respectively, of PIK interest on its Second Lien Term Loan. As of December 31, 2020 and 2019, the Company had no and $57.0 million, respectively, of aggregate principal amount outstanding, and as of December 31, 2019 bearing interest at 13.3% under the Second Lien Term Loan.
The Company’s Second Lien Term Loan had a fair value of $46.0 million as of December 31, 2019. The valuation of the Second Lien Term Loan was determined based on Level 2 inputs under the fair value hierarchy.
Replacement Term Loan
On July 6, 2020, the Company entered into the Replacement Term Loan Amendment (the “Eleventh Term Amendment”) to amend the Term Loan Agreement. The Eleventh Term Amendment provided replacement term loans (the “Replacement Term Loan”) that refinanced and replaced the outstanding balances under the First Lien Term Loan Agreement and Second Lien Term Loan Agreement, plus any accrued interest thereon. The remaining unamortized debt issuance and original issuance discount costs related to the First Lien Term Loan Agreement and Second Lien Term Loan Agreement will be amortized into interest expense over the contractual term of the Replacement Term Loan using the effective interest method.
The interest on the Replacement Term Loan was LIBOR plus 10.75% per annum, subject to a 1.00% LIBOR floor, of which 4.00% was payable in cash and the remainder of which was PIK interest (provided that the Company may elect on not more than one occasion to pay all interest as PIK interest). Borrowings under the Eleventh Term Amendment were to mature on the earlier of: (i) June 30, 2022 and (ii) April 1, 2022 if the Convertible Notes, as defined below, were not repaid or otherwise discharged prior to such date. Additionally, the Eleventh Term Amendment provided for a 1.00% PIK closing fee, which was added to the principal amount of the Replacement Term Loan on the closing date; provided for a prepayment penalty on the entire principal amount of the Replacement Term Loan in an amount equal to 3.0% of the aggregate principal amount prepaid prior to December 31, 2021; and amended the fixed charge coverage ratio covenant beginning with the fiscal quarter ending June 30, 2021, as follows:
June 30, 2021: 1.10 to 1.00
September 30, 2021: 1.25 to 1.00
December 31. 2021 and each fiscal quarter ending thereafter: 1.40 to 1.00
During the twelve months ended December 31, 2020, the Company recognized $0.2 million of additional costs in selling, general and administrative expense in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations, in accordance with ASC 470-50.
As of December 31, 2020, the Company had total unamortized debt issuance and discount costs of $9.1 million, all of which are recorded as a reduction of the long-term debt balance on the Company’s accompanying consolidated balance sheets. During the twelve months ended December 31, 2020, the Company recognized $2.3 million for amortization of debt issuance and discount costs in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations.
As of December 31, 2020, the Company had $90.2 million of aggregate principal amount outstanding under the Replacement Term Loan. The Company made a one-time election to pay all interest as PIK interest on the first interest payment date. As a result of this election, during the twelve months ended December 31, 2020 the Company recognized $4.3 million of PIK interest.
70

HORIZON GLOBAL CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
All of the indebtedness under the Replacement Term Loan is guaranteed by the Company’s existing and future material domestic subsidiaries and is be secured by substantially all of the assets of the Company and such guarantors.
As of December 31, 2020, the Company’s Replacement Term Loan traded at 103.6%. The valuation of the Replacement Term Loan was determined based on Level 2 inputs under the fair value hierarchy.
Convertible Notes
In February 2017, the Company completed a public offering of 2.75% Convertible Senior Notes (the “Convertible Notes”) in an aggregate principal amount of $125.0 million. Interest is payable on January 1 and July 1 of each year, beginning on July 1, 2017. The Convertible Notes are convertible into 5,005,000 shares of the Company’s common stock, based on an initial conversion price of $24.98 per share. The Convertible Notes will mature on July 1, 2022 unless earlier converted.
The Convertible Notes are convertible at the option of the holder (i) during any calendar quarter beginning after March 31, 2017, if the last reported sale price of the Company’s common stock for at least 20 trading days (whether or not consecutive) during a period of 30 consecutive trading days ending on the last trading day of the immediately preceding calendar quarter is greater than or equal to 130% of the conversion price on each applicable trading day; (ii) during the five business days after any five consecutive trading day period in which the trading price per $1,000 principal amount of the Convertible Notes for each trading day of such period was less than 98% of the product of the last reported sale price of the Company’s common stock $1,000 and the conversion rate on each such trading day; (iii) upon the occurrence of specified corporate events; and (iv) on or after January 1, 2022 until the close of business on the second scheduled trading day immediately preceding the maturity date. During the fourth quarter of 2020, no conditions allowing holders of the Convertible Notes to convert have been met. Therefore, the Convertible Notes were not convertible during the fourth quarter of 2020 and are classified as long-term debt. Should conditions allowing holders of the Convertible Notes to convert be met in a future quarter, the Convertible Notes will be convertible at their holders’ option during the immediately following quarter. As of December 31, 2020, the if-converted value of the Convertible Notes did not exceed the principal value of those Convertible Notes.
Upon conversion by the holders, the Company may elect to settle such conversion in shares of its common stock, cash, or a combination thereof. Because the Company may elect to settle conversion in cash, the Company separated the Convertible Notes into their liability and equity components by allocating the issuance proceeds to each of those components in accordance with ASC 470-20, “Debt-Debt with Conversion and Other Options.” The Company first determined the fair value of the liability component by estimating the fair value of a similar liability that does not have an associated equity component. The Company then deducted that amount from the issuance proceeds to arrive at a residual amount, which represents the equity component. The Company accounted for the equity component as a debt discount (with an offset to paid-in capital in excess of par value). The debt discount created by the equity component is being amortized as additional non-cash interest expense using the effective interest method over the contractual term of the Convertible Notes ending on July 1, 2022.
The Company allocated offering costs of $3.9 million to the debt and equity components in proportion to the allocation of proceeds to the components, treating them as debt issuance costs and equity issuance costs, respectively. The debt issuance costs of $2.9 million are being amortized as additional non-cash interest expense using the effective interest method over the contractual term of the Convertible Notes. The Company presents debt issuance costs as a direct deduction from the carrying value of the liability component. The carrying value of the liability component at December 31, 2020 and 2019, was $113.5 million and $106.9 million, respectively, including total unamortized debt discount and debt issuance costs of $11.5 million and $18.1 million. The $1.0 million portion of offering costs allocated to equity issuance costs was charged to paid-in capital. The carrying amount of the equity component was $20.0 million at December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively, net of issuance costs and taxes.
71

HORIZON GLOBAL CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Interest expense recognized relating to the contractual interest coupon, amortization of debt discount and amortization of debt issuance costs on the Convertible Notes included in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations are as follows:
Twelve Months Ended
December 31,
2020 2019
(dollars in thousands)
Contractual interest coupon on convertible debt $ 3,457  $ 3,490 
Amortization of debt issuance costs $ 530  $ 530 
Amortization of "equity discount" related to debt $ 6,071  $ 5,590 
The estimated fair value of the Convertible Notes based on a market approach as of December 31, 2020 and 2019 was $113.3 million and $100.0 million, respectively, which both represent a Level 2 valuation. The estimated fair value was determined based on the estimated or actual bids and offers of the Convertible Notes in an over-the-counter market on the last business day of the period.
In connection with the issuance of the Convertible Notes, the Company entered into convertible note hedge transactions (the “Convertible Note Hedges”) in privately negotiated transactions with certain of the underwriters or their affiliates (in this capacity, the “option counterparties”). The Convertible Note Hedges provide the Company with the option to acquire, on a net settlement basis, 5,005,000 shares of its common stock, which is equal to the number of shares of common stock that notionally underlie the Convertible Notes, at a strike price of $24.98, which corresponds to the conversion price of the Convertible Notes. The Convertible Note Hedges have an expiration date that is the same as the maturity date of the Convertible Notes, subject to earlier exercise. The Convertible Note Hedges have customary anti-dilution provisions similar to the Convertible Notes. The Convertible Note Hedges have a default settlement method of net-share settlement but may be settled in cash or shares, depending on the Company’s method of settlement for conversion of the corresponding Convertible Notes. If the Company exercises the Convertible Note Hedges, the shares of common stock it will receive from the option counterparties to the Convertible Note Hedges will cover the shares of common stock that it would be required to deliver to the holders of the converted Convertible Notes in excess of the principal amount thereof. The aggregate cost of the Convertible Note Hedges was $29.0 million (or $7.5 million net of the total proceeds from the Warrants sold, as discussed below), before the allocation of issuance costs of $0.7 million. The Convertible Note Hedges are accounted for as equity transactions in accordance with ASC 815-40.
In connection with the issuance of the Convertible Notes, the Company also sold net-share-settled warrants (the “Warrants”) in privately negotiated transactions with the option counterparties for the purchase of up to 5,005,000 shares of its common stock at a strike price of $29.60 per share, for total proceeds of $21.5 million before the allocation of $0.5 million of issuance costs. The Company also recorded the Warrants within shareholders’ equity in accordance with ASC 815-40. The Warrants have customary anti-dilution provisions similar to the Convertible Notes. As a result of the issuance of the Warrants, the Company will experience dilution to its diluted earnings per share if its average closing stock price exceeds $29.60 for any fiscal quarter. The Warrants expire on various dates from October 2022 through February 2023 and must be net-settled in shares of the Company’s common stock. Therefore, upon exercise of the Warrants, the Company will issue shares of its common stock to the purchasers of the Warrants that represent the value by which the price of the common stock exceeds the strike price stipulated within the particular warrant agreement.
Paycheck Protection Program Loan
In April 2020, Horizon Global Company LLC (the “U.S. Borrower”), a direct U.S.-based subsidiary of the Company, received a loan from PNC Bank, National Association for $8.7 million, pursuant to the Paycheck Protection Program (the “PPP Loan”) under Division A, Title I of the Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security (“CARES”) Act. The PPP Loan, which is in the form of a Note dated April 18, 2020 issued by the U.S. Borrower, matures on April 18, 2022. Funds from the PPP Loan may be used for payroll, costs used to continue group health care benefits, rent and utilities. Under the terms of the PPP Loan, certain amounts may be forgiven if they are used for qualifying expenses as described in the CARES Act.
The Company submitted its PPP Loan application in good faith in accordance with the CARES Act and the guidance issued by the Small Business Administration (the “SBA”), including the SBA’s Paycheck Protection Program’s Frequently Asked Questions. During 2020, the Company, in accordance with the final guidance issued by the United States Department of the Treasury (the “Treasury”), met the need and sized based criteria of the program.
72

HORIZON GLOBAL CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
In December 2020, the Company filed its application of loan forgiveness with PNC Bank, National Association. The potential loan forgiveness for all or a portion of the PPP Loan is determined, subject to limitations, based on the use of loan proceeds for payment of qualifying expenses over the 24 weeks after the loan proceeds were disbursed. The unforgiven portion of our PPP Loan, if any, is payable monthly over two years at an interest rate of 1.0% per annum. The Company has deferred any interest payments until the Company’s application for forgiveness is completed in accordance with the guidance issued by the SBA and Treasury and the terms of the Company’s PPP Loan. While we currently believe that our use of the loan proceeds will meet the conditions for forgiveness of our PPP Loan, there can be no assurance that forgiveness for any portion of the PPP Loan will be obtained.
The French Loan
In April 2020, S.I.A.R.R. SAS (the “French Borrower”), an indirect subsidiary of the Company, received a loan from BNP Paribas (the “French Loan”) for $5.5 million. The French Loan, issued pursuant to an agreement dated April 9, 2020, between the French Borrower and BNP Paribas, matures on April 9, 2021. The French Loan bears interest at a rate of 0.5% per annum. The French Borrower, at its election, may repay the French Loan in full on April 9, 2021 or in monthly installments for a period of five years from the date of election.
Covenant and Liquidity Matters
The Company is in compliance with all of its financial covenants as of December 31, 2020.
Long-term Debt Maturities
Future maturities of the face value of long-term debt at December 31, 2020 are as follows:
Future Maturities of
Long-Term Debt
(dollars in thousands)
2021 $ 14,120 
2022 242,660 
2023 70 
2024 70 
2025 70 
Thereafter 9,090 
    Total $ 266,080 
11. Derivative Instruments
Foreign Currency Exchange Rate Risk
In the past, the Company has used foreign currency forward contracts to mitigate the risk associated with fluctuations in currency rates impacting cash flows related to certain payments for contract manufacturing in its lower-cost manufacturing facilities. The foreign currency forward contracts hedged currency exposure between the Mexican peso and the U.S. dollar and matured at specified monthly settlement dates through December 2019. At inception, the Company designated the foreign currency forward contracts as cash flow hedges. Upon the performance of contract manufacturing or purchase of certain inventories the Company de-designated the foreign currency forward contracts.
On October 4, 2016, the Company entered into a cross currency swap arrangement to hedge changes in foreign currency exchange rates. The Company used the cross currency swap to mitigate the risk associated with fluctuations in currency rates impacting cash flows related to a non-functional currency intercompany loan of €110.0 million. The cross currency swap hedged currency exposure between the Euro and the U.S. dollar and matured on January 3, 2019 with a liability of $2.5 million. The Company entered into forward contracts to settle the cross currency swap, which resulted in a $0.9 million offset to the liability. These settlements resulted in a net realized gain reclassified from AOCI of $0.6 million during 2019. The Company made quarterly principal payments of €1.4 million, plus interest at a fixed rate of 5.4% per annum, in exchange for $1.5 million, plus interest at a fixed rate of 7.2% per annum during the term of the cross currency swap arrangement. At inception, the Company designated the cross currency swap as a cash flow hedge. Changes in the currency rate resulted in reclassification of amounts from AOCI to earnings to offset the re-measurement gain or loss on the non-U.S. denominated intercompany loan.
73

HORIZON GLOBAL CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
There were no outstanding derivatives contracts at December 31, 2020 and 2019.
Financial Statement Presentation
The amounts reclassified from AOCI into earnings are as follows:
Twelve Months Ended
December 31, 2019
Cost of Sales Interest Expense
(dollars in thousands)
Total Amounts of Expense Line Items Presented in the Statements of Operations in Which the Effects of Cash Flow Hedges are Recorded $ (594,220) $ (58,270)
Amount of Gain Reclassified from AOCI into Earnings
Derivatives classified as cash flow hedges:
Foreign currency forward contracts $ 1,850  $ — 
Cross currency swap $ —  $ 900 
12. Restructuring
The Company’s restructuring activities are undertaken as necessary to execute management’s strategy and streamline operations, consolidate and take advantage of available capacity and resources, and ultimately achieve productivity improvements and net cost reductions. The Company's restructuring charges consist primarily of employee costs (principally severance and/or termination benefits) and facility closure and other costs.
To the extent these programs involve voluntary separations, no liabilities are generally recorded until offers to employees are accepted. If employees are involuntarily terminated, a liability is generally recorded at the communication date. Estimates of restructuring charges are based on information available at the time such charges are recorded. Related charges are recorded in cost of sales and selling, general and administrative expenses in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations.
The Company’s consolidated restructuring liabilities and related activity for each type of exit cost is as follows:
Employee Costs Facility Closure and Other Costs Total
(dollars in thousands)
Balances at December 31, 2019 $ 1,830  $ 2,110  $ 3,940 
Payments and other(a)
(1,830) (390) (2,220)
Balances at December 31, 2020 $ —  $ 1,720  $ 1,720 
(a)Other consists primarily of changes in the liability balance due to foreign currency translation and the finalization of employee costs and facility closures.
13. Leases
The Company leases certain facilities, automobiles and equipment under non-cancellable operating leases. Our leases have remaining lease terms of one year to eleven years, some of which include options to extend the leases for up to five years, and some of which include options to terminate the leases within one year. Leases with an initial term of twelve months or less are not recorded on the consolidated balance sheets; the Company recognizes lease expense for these leases on a straight-line basis over the lease term.
Most leases include one or more options to renew. The exercise of lease renewal options is typically at the Company’s sole discretion; therefore, the majority of renewals to extend the lease terms are not included in the Company’s ROU assets and lease liabilities as they are not reasonably certain of exercise. The Company regularly evaluates the renewal options and when they are reasonably certain of exercise, the Company includes the renewal period in the lease term. The Company combines lease and non-lease components which are accounted for as a single lease component as the Company has elected the practical expedient to group lease and non-lease components for all leases. The Company’s lease agreements do not contain any material residual value guarantees or material restrictive covenants. Refer to Note 3, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, for more information.
74

HORIZON GLOBAL CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Additional cost, cash flow and balance sheet information for the Company’s leases are as follows:
Twelve Months Ended
December 31,
  2020 2019
  (dollars in thousands)
Operating lease cost $ 14,970  $ 18,830 
Operating cash flows from operating leases $ 16,050  $ 18,000 
ROU assets obtained in exchange for operating lease obligations(a)
$ 9,940  $ 56,540 
(a) 2019 reflects the impact of adopting ASC 842, “Leases” and is net of $24.2 million of disposals.
December 31,
  2020 2019
Weighted average remaining lease term (years) 6.0 6.8
Weighted average discount rate 8.4  % 8.7  %
In 2019, the Company abandoned two operating lease ROU assets. First, in September 2019, the Company ceased use of its former Troy, Michigan headquarters office lease. In conjunction with the lease abandonment, the Company accelerated the recognition of expense of its ROU asset and wrote it off, which resulted in a $4.3 million charge. Second, in November 2019, the Company ceased use of leased equipment in its Kansas City location. In conjunction with the lease abandonment, the Company accelerated the recognition of expense of its ROU asset and wrote it off, which resulted in a $6.5 million charge. Each of these charges are recorded in selling, general and administrative expense in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations for the twelve months ended December 31, 2019.
Future maturities of operating lease liabilities at December 31, 2020 are as follows:
Operating Leases
(dollars in thousands)
2021 $ 16,230 
2022 14,050 
2023 11,070 
2024 8,490 
2025 7,970 
2026 and thereafter 16,650 
Total lease payments 74,460 
Less imputed interest (15,940)
Present value of lease liabilities $ 58,520 
75

HORIZON GLOBAL CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
14. Contingencies
During the fourth quarter of 2018, the Company was notified by two OEM customers of potential claims related to product sold by Horizon Europe‑Africa arising from potentially faulty components provided by a third-party supplier. The claims resulted from the failure of products not functioning to specifications, but the claims did not allege any damage and only sought replacement of the product. The Company performed an assessment of the facts and circumstances for all asserted and unasserted claims and considered all factors including the Company’s recall insurance. The Company recorded a $1.7 million charge for the twelve months ended December 31, 2019.
As of December 31, 2019, the Company had $3.9 million recorded in accrued liabilities for the remaining unpaid settlement obligations and an insurance-related asset of $0.4 million recorded in prepaid expenses and other current assets in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. In the first quarter of 2020, the Company settled its outstanding obligations related to the claim. The Company has no remaining liability or insurance-related asset.
On April 29, 2020, the Company agreed to a settlement (the “Settlement”) related to certain intellectual property infringement claims made against one of the Company’s subsidiaries in its Horizon Europe‑Africa operating segment. The Company settled all historical and future associated claims for $4.4 million to be paid evenly in semi-annual installments on June 30 and December 31 of each year through December 31, 2024. As a result of the Settlement, the Company recorded a $1.5 million charge during the first quarter of 2020 and also recorded $0.5 million of royalties in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations for the twelve months ended December 31, 2020.
As of December 31, 2020, the Company had recorded $0.9 million in prepaid expenses and other current assets and $1.8 million in other assets in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets related to the future royalties to be recognized by the Company over the life of future programs connected to the Settlement. In addition, $1.0 million was recorded in accrued liabilities and $2.9 million in other long-term liabilities in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets related to the remaining semi-annual installment payments to be paid.
15. Earnings (Loss) per Share
Basic earnings (loss) per share is computed using net income (loss) attributable to Horizon Global and the number of weighted average shares outstanding. Diluted earnings (loss) per share is computed using net income (loss) attributable to Horizon Global and the number of weighted average shares outstanding, adjusted to give effect to the assumed exercise of outstanding stock options and warrants, vesting of restricted shares outstanding and conversion of the Convertible Notes, where dilutive to earnings per share.
76

HORIZON GLOBAL CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
A reconciliation of the numerator and the denominator of basic loss per share attributable to Horizon Global and diluted loss per share attributable to Horizon Global is as follows:
Twelve Months Ended
December 31,
2020 2019
(dollars in thousands, except for per share amounts)
Numerator:
Net loss from continuing operations $ (37,480) $ (110,010)
Add: (Loss) income from discontinued operations, net of tax (500) 189,520 
Less: Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest (1,420) (1,240)
Net (loss) income attributable to Horizon Global $ (36,560) $ 80,750 
Denominator:
Weighted average shares outstanding, basic 25,797,529  25,297,576 
Dilutive effect of common stock equivalents —  — 
Weighted average shares outstanding, diluted 25,797,529  25,297,576 
Basic (loss) income per share attributable to Horizon Global
Continuing operations $ (1.40) $ (4.30)
Discontinued operations $ (0.02) $ 7.49 
Total $ (1.42) $ 3.19 
Diluted (loss) income per share attributable to Horizon Global
Continuing operations $ (1.40) $ (4.30)
Discontinued operations $ (0.02) $ 7.49 
Total $ (1.42) $ 3.19 
Due to losses from continuing operations for the twelve months ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, the effect of certain dilutive securities were excluded from the computation of weighted average diluted shares outstanding, as inclusion would have resulted in anti-dilution. A summary of these anti-dilutive common stock equivalents are as follows:
Twelve Months Ended
December 31,
2020 2019
Number of options 18,961  54,847 
Exercise price of options
$9.20 - $11.02
 $9.20 - $11.29
Restricted stock units 1,823,573  1,172,228 
Convertible Notes 5,005,000  5,005,000 
Convertible Notes warrants 5,005,000  5,005,000 
Second Lien Term Loan warrants 6,280,251  4,381,411 
For purposes of determining diluted loss per share, the Company has elected a policy to assume that the principal portion of the Convertible Notes, as described in Note 10, Long-term Debt, is settled in cash and the conversion premium is settled in shares. Therefore, the Company has adopted a policy of calculating the diluted loss per share effect of the Convertible Notes using the treasury stock method. As a result, the dilutive effect of the Convertible Notes is limited to the conversion premium, which is reflected in the calculation of diluted loss per share as if it were a freestanding written call option on the Company’s shares. Using the treasury stock method, the Warrants issued in connection with the issuance of the Convertible Notes are considered to be dilutive when they are in the money relative to the Company’s average common stock price during the period. The Convertible Note Hedges purchased in connection with the issuance of the Convertible Notes are always considered to be anti-dilutive and therefore do not impact the Company’s calculation of diluted loss per share.
77

HORIZON GLOBAL CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
16. Equity Awards
Description of the Plan
Horizon employees and non-employee directors participate in the Horizon Global Corporation 2015 Equity and Incentive Compensation Plan (as amended and restated, the “Horizon 2015 Plan”). The Horizon 2015 Plan authorizes the Compensation Committee of the Horizon Board of Directors to grant stock options (including “incentive stock options” as defined in Section 422 of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code), restricted shares, restricted stock units, performance shares, performance stock units, cash incentive awards, and certain other awards based on or related to our common stock to Horizon employees and non-employee directors. No more than 4.4 million Horizon common shares may be delivered under the Horizon 2015 Plan.
On June 19, 2020, the shareholders approved the Horizon Global Corporation 2020 Equity and Incentive Compensation Plan (the “Horizon 2020 Plan”). Horizon employees, non-employee directors and certain consultants participate in the Horizon 2020 Plan. The Horizon 2020 Plan authorizes the Compensation Committee of the Horizon Board of Directors to grant stock options (including “incentive stock options” as defined in Section 422 of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code), appreciation rights, restricted shares, restricted stock units, performance shares, performance stock units, cash incentive awards, dividend equivalents and certain other awards based upon terms and conditions described in the Horizon 2020 Plan. No more than 4.1 million Horizon common shares may be delivered under the Horizon 2020 Plan, plus (A) the total number of shares remaining available for awards under the Horizon 2015 Plan, as described above, as of June 19, 2020, plus (B) the shares that are subject to awards granted under the Horizon 2020 Plan or the Horizon 2015 Plan that are added (or added back, as applicable) to the aggregate number of shares available under the Horizon 2020 Plan pursuant to the share counting rules of the Horizon 2020 Plan. These shares may be shares of original issuance or treasury shares, or a combination of both.
Stock Options
Horizon’s stock option activity is as follows:
  Number of Stock Options Weighted Average Exercise Price Average  Remaining Contractual Life (Years) Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding at December 31, 2019 37,737  $ 10.52 
  Granted —  — 
  Exercised —  — 
  Canceled, forfeited (18,776) 10.61 
  Expired —  — 
Outstanding at December 31, 2020 18,961  $ 10.43  5.0 $ — 
As of December 31, 2020, the unrecognized compensation cost related to stock options is immaterial. For the twelve months ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, the stock-based compensation expense recognized by the Company related to stock options was immaterial. There was no aggregate intrinsic value on the outstanding options at December 31, 2020. Stock-based compensation expense is included in selling, general and administrative expenses in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations.
Restricted Shares
During 2020, the Company granted an aggregate of 1,502,072 restricted stock units (“RSUs”) and performance stock units (“PSUs”) to certain key employees and non-employee directors. The total grants consisted of: (i) 284,859 time-based RSUs vesting on a ratable basis on March 3, 2021, March 3, 2022 and March 3, 2023; (ii) 277,228 time-based RSUs vesting on June 24, 2021; (iii) 21,351 time-based RSUs vesting on a ratable basis on April 2, 2021, March 3, 2022 and March 3, 2023 and (iv) 918,634 PSUs that vest on March 3, 2023 (the “2020 PSUs”).
The performance criteria for the 2020 PSUs is based on the Company’s three-year cumulative EBITDA. The grant date fair values for the PSUs and RSUs granted during 2020 are based on the closing trading price of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant.
78

HORIZON GLOBAL CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
During 2019, the Company granted an aggregate of 1,950,296 RSUs and PSUs to certain key employees and non-employee directors. The total grants consisted of: (i) 353,592 time-based RSUs that vest on May 15, 2020; (ii) 27,840 time-based RSUs that vest on September 10, 2020; (iii) 245,134 time-based RSUs that vest on September 19, 2020; (iv) 25,000 time-based RSUs that vest on November 13, 2020; (v) 25,000 time-based RSUs that vest on December 9, 2020; (vi) 5,000 time-based RSUs that vest on May 15, 2021; (vii) 411,373 time-based RSUs that vest on March 19, 2022; (viii) 857,357 market-based PSUs (the “2019 PSUs”), of which 757,357 vest on March 19, 2022, with the remaining 100,000 vesting on a ratable basis on September 23, 2020, September 23, 2021 and September 23, 2022.
For the 2019 PSUs, the performance criteria for the market-based PSUs is based on the Company’s total shareholder return (“TSR”) relative to the TSR of the common stock of a pre-defined industry peer group. TSR is measured over a period beginning January 1, 2019 and ending December 31, 2021. TSR is calculated as the Company’s average closing stock price for the 20-trading days at the end of the performance period plus Company dividends, divided by the Company’s average closing stock price for the 20-trading days prior to the start of the performance period. Depending on the performance achieved, the amount of shares earned can vary from 0% of the target award to a maximum of 200% of the target award. The Company estimated the grant-date fair value of the awards subject to a market condition using a Monte Carlo simulation model, using the following weighted-average assumptions: risk-free interest rate of 2.43% and annualized volatility of 84.1%. The grant date fair value of the 2019 PSUs was $3.69.
The grant date fair value of RSUs is expensed over the vesting period. RSU fair values are based on the closing trading price of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant. Changes in the number of RSUs outstanding for the twelve months ended December 31, 2020 are as follows:
Number of Restricted Stock Units(a)
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Outstanding at December 31, 2019 1,393,085  $ 4.30 
  Granted 1,502,072  2.92 
Vested (639,403) 3.91 
  Canceled, forfeited (455,072) 4.90 
Outstanding at December 31, 2020 1,800,682  $ 3.14 
(a)Includes PSUs at 100% attainment.
As of December 31, 2020, there was $3.1 million in unrecognized compensation costs related to unvested RSUs that is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.0 years.
During the twelve months ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, the Company recognized $2.7 million and $2.2 million, respectively, of stock-based compensation expense related to RSUs. Stock-based compensation expense is included in selling, general and administrative expenses in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations.
79

HORIZON GLOBAL CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
17. Shareholders’ Equity
Preferred Stock
The Company is authorized to issue 100,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value of $0.01 per share. As of December 31, 2020 and 2019, there were no preferred shares outstanding.
Common Stock
The Company is authorized to issue 400,000,000 shares of Horizon Global common stock, par value of 0.01 per share. As of December 31, 2020, there were 27,089,673 shares of common stock issued and 26,403,167 shares of common stock outstanding. As of December 31, 2019, there were 26,073,894 shares of common stock issued and 25,387,388 shares of common stock outstanding.
Common Stock Warrants
In connection with the Second Lien Term Loan the Company entered into in March 2019, the Company became obligated to issue detachable warrants to purchase up to 6.25 million shares of its common stock, which can be exercised on a cashless basis over a five year term with an exercise price of $1.50 per share.
The Company also issued 90,667 shares of Series A Preferred Stock in March 2019 in connection with the Second Lien Term Loan that were convertible into additional warrants upon receipt of shareholder approval of the issuance of such additional warrants and the shares of common stock issuable upon exercise thereof. The Series A Preferred Stock was presented as temporary equity in the March 31, 2019 condensed consolidated balance sheet. Upon receipt of such shareholder approval on June 25, 2019, the 90,667 shares of Series A Preferred Stock were converted into warrants to purchase 2,952,248 shares of common stock. See Note 10, Long-term Debt, for additional information.
As of December 31, 2020, warrants for 739,111 shares have been exercised on a net basis, resulting in the issuance of 519,206 shares of the Company’s common stock. As of December 31, 2020, warrants to purchase 5,815,039 shares of common stock were issued and remain outstanding. During the twelve months ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, the Company recognized $1.1 million and $0.1 million, respectively, of non-cash transactions in connection with warrants exercised.
80

HORIZON GLOBAL CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Share Repurchase Program
In April 2017, the Board of Directors authorized a share repurchase program of up to 1.5 million shares of the Company’s issued and outstanding common stock during the period beginning on May 5, 2017 (the “Share Repurchase Program”). The Share Repurchase Program provided for share purchases in the open market or otherwise, depending on share price, market conditions and other factors, as determined by the Company. As of December 31, 2020 and 2019, cumulative shares purchased totaled 686,506 at an average purchase price per share of $14.55, excluding commissions. The repurchased shares are presented as treasury stock, at cost, in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. No shares were repurchased during 2020 or 2019 and the Share Repurchase Program expired on May 5, 2020.
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Changes in AOCI attributable to Horizon Global by component, net of tax, for the twelve months ended December 31, 2020 and 2019 are as follows:
 Derivative Instruments Foreign Currency Translation and Other Total
(dollars in thousands)
Balances at January 1, 2019 $ 1,960  $ 5,800  $ 7,760 
Net unrealized gains arising during the period(a)
820  1,650  2,470 
Less: Net realized gains reclassified to net income(a)
2,760  —  2,760 
Amounts reclassified from AOCI(b)
(20) (17,240) (17,260)
Net change (1,960) (15,590) (17,550)
Balances at December 31, 2019 $ —  $ (9,790) $ (9,790)
Net unrealized gains arising during the period —  3,250  3,250 
Net change —  3,250  3,250 
Balances at December 31, 2020 $ —  $ (6,540) $ (6,540)
(a) There was no income tax impact for derivative instruments during the twelve months ended December 31, 2019. See Note 11, Derivative Instruments, for further details.
(b) Recognition of loss associated with the sale of the Company’s APAC segment. See Note 4, Discontinued Operations, for further details.
18. Segment Information
The Company groups its business into operating segments generally by the region in which sales and manufacturing efforts are focused, which are grouped on the basis of similar product, market and operating factors. Each operating segment has discrete financial information evaluated regularly by the Company’s chief operating decision maker in determining resource allocation and assessing performance. The Company reports the results of its business in two operating segments: Horizon Americas and Horizon Europe‑Africa. Horizon Americas is comprised of the Company’s North American and South American operations. Horizon Europe‑Africa is comprised of the Company’s European and South African operations. See below for further information regarding the types of products and services provided within each operating segment.
Previously, the Company had three operating segments. However, as a result of its sale in the third quarter of 2019, we have removed APAC as a separate operating segment and its results are presented as a discontinued operation in the accompanying consolidated financial statements. Historical information has been retrospectively adjusted to reflect these changes. Please see Note 4, Discontinued Operations, for additional information.
Horizon Americas - A market leader in the design, manufacture and distribution of a wide variety of high-quality, custom engineered towing, trailering and cargo management products and related accessories. These products are designed to support automotive OEMs, automotive OESs, aftermarket and retail customers in the agricultural, automotive, construction, industrial, marine, military, recreational vehicle, trailer and utility end markets. Products include brake controllers, cargo management, heavy-duty towing products, jacks and couplers, protection/securing systems, trailer structural and electrical components, tow bars, vehicle roof racks, vehicle trailer hitches and additional accessories.
81

HORIZON GLOBAL CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Horizon Europe‑Africa - With a product offering similar to Horizon Americas, Horizon Europe‑Africa focuses its sales and manufacturing efforts in the Europe and Africa regions of the world.
The Company’s operating segment activity and total assets are as follows:
  Twelve Months Ended
December 31,
  2020 2019
  (dollars in thousands)
Net Sales    
Horizon Americas $ 382,380  $ 372,720 
Horizon Europe‑Africa 278,850  317,730 
Total $ 661,230  $ 690,450 
Operating Profit (Loss)    
Horizon Americas $ 27,950  $ (10,390)
Horizon Europe‑Africa (8,390) (12,100)
Corporate (26,470) (34,680)
Total $ (6,910) $ (57,170)
Capital Expenditures    
Horizon Americas $ 3,670  $ 6,590 
Horizon Europe‑Africa 9,640  3,080 
Corporate —  50 
Total $ 13,310  $ 9,720 
Depreciation of Property and Equipment and Amortization of Intangibles    
Horizon Americas $ 8,420  $ 8,670 
Horizon Europe‑Africa 14,280  11,720 
Corporate 210  1,300 
Total $ 22,910  $ 21,690 

  December 31,
  2020 2019
  (dollars in thousands)
Total Assets    
Horizon Americas $ 212,570  $ 224,430 
Horizon Europe-Africa 206,900  185,810 
Corporate 37,020  10,800 
Total $ 456,490  $ 421,040 
82

HORIZON GLOBAL CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
The Company’s net sales and net fixed assets attributed to each subsidiary’s country of domicile are as follows:
  Twelve Months Ended
December 31,
  2020 2019
  (dollars in thousands)
Net Sales
Total U.S.  $ 370,840  $ 362,690 
Non-U.S.    
Germany 207,450  209,120 
Other Europe 63,470  95,700 
Other Americas 11,540  7,000 
South Africa 7,930  15,940 
Total non-U.S. 290,390  327,760 
Total $ 661,230  $ 690,450 

December 31,
2020 2019
(dollars in thousands)
Property and equipment, net
Total U.S.  $ 22,720  $ 25,650 
Non-U.S.
Germany 36,690  36,480 
Other Europe 7,940  7,780 
South Africa 4,340  3,930 
Other Americas 2,400  1,990 
Total non-U.S. 51,370  50,180 
Total $ 74,090  $ 75,830 
During the twelve months ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, external export sales from the U.S. to other countries were $44.8 million and $36.5 million, respectively.
19. Income Taxes
The Company’s loss from continuing operations before income tax, by tax jurisdiction, are as follows:
  Twelve Months Ended
December 31,
  2020 2019
  (dollars in thousands)
Domestic $ (22,430) $ (91,100)
Foreign (16,630) (29,730)
  Loss from continuing operations before income tax $ (39,060) $ (120,830)
83

HORIZON GLOBAL CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
The income tax benefit (expense) are as follows:
  Twelve Months Ended
December 31,
  2020 2019
  (dollars in thousands)
Current income tax benefit (expense):
Federal $ 770  $ (1,660)
State and local (180) 60 
Foreign (1,070) 5,140 
  Total current income tax benefit (expense) (480) 3,540 
Deferred income tax benefit (expense):
Federal 170  140 
State and local 180  (290)
Foreign 1,710  7,430 
  Total deferred income tax benefit 2,060  7,280 
Income tax benefit $ 1,580  $ 10,820 
The components of deferred taxes are as follows:
December 31,
  2020 2019
  (dollars in thousands)
Deferred tax assets:    
Receivables, net $ 510  $ 600 
Inventories 2,310  3,750 
Disallowed interest deduction 25,690  19,210 
Operating lease liabilities 14,660  14,150 
Accrued liabilities and other long-term liabilities 8,890  7,970 
Tax loss and credit carryforwards 31,570  31,670 
Gross deferred tax asset 83,630  77,350 
Valuation allowances (55,180) (50,370)
Net deferred tax asset 28,450  26,980 
Deferred tax liabilities:
Property and equipment, net (2,090) (3,190)
Other intangibles, net (12,270) (12,790)
Operating lease right-of-use assets (11,870) (11,240)
Other (4,070) (3,370)
Gross deferred tax liability (30,300) (30,590)
Net deferred tax liability $ (1,850) $ (3,610)
ASC 740, “Income Taxes,” requires that companies assess whether a valuation allowance should be established based on the consideration of all available evidence using a “more likely than not” standard. In making such judgments, significant weight is given to evidence that can be objectively verified. A cumulative loss in recent years is significant negative evidence in considering whether deferred tax assets are realizable and also restricts the amount of reliance that can be placed on projections of future taxable income to support the recovery of deferred tax assets.

84

HORIZON GLOBAL CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
In prior years, the Company established valuation allowances against substantially all of its net deferred tax assets of its domestic and certain other foreign jurisdictions. As of December 31, 2020 and 2019, certain foreign jurisdictions were in a three-year cumulative pre-tax loss position; therefore, the Company recorded valuation allowances of $0.5 million and $4.0 million, respectively, against certain of its deferred tax assets. In addition, as of December 31, 2020, the deferred tax assets in certain foreign jurisdictions that previously had recognized a valuation allowance were deemed realizable; therefore, the Company recorded a $2.6 million tax benefit. The ultimate realization of these deferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income during the periods in which those temporary differences become deductible.
As of December 31, 2020, the Company has recorded deferred tax assets of $42.8 million of federal operating loss carryforward, $59.3 million of various state operating loss carryforwards and $72.1 million of various foreign operating loss carryforwards. The federal loss carryforward has an indefinite carryforward period, the majority of the state tax loss carryforwards expire between 2028 through 2038, however, certain states now have indefinite carryforward periods. In addition, the majority of foreign losses have indefinite carryforward periods. A significant amount of the deferred tax assets discussed above are offset by a corresponding valuation allowance within the jurisdiction to which the deferred tax assets relate.
A reconciliation of the Company’s provision for income taxes to income tax benefit computed at the U.S. federal statutory rate is as follows:
Twelve Months Ended
December 31,
  2020 2019
(dollars in thousands)
U.S. federal statutory rate 21  % 21  %
Tax at U.S. federal statutory rate $ 8,210  $ 25,370 
State and local taxes, net of federal tax benefit 1,390  3,370 
Differences in statutory foreign tax rates 2,810  4,310 
Uncertain tax positions (20) 6,620 
Tax credits 250  (4,460)
Net change in valuation allowance (4,030) (24,970)
Restructuring charges (5,030) 950 
Transition tax 700  (1,740)
Other, net (2,700) 1,370 
   Income tax benefit $ 1,580  $ 10,820 
Certain foreign subsidiary earnings are subject to U.S. taxation. No deferred taxes have been provided for taxes that would result upon repatriation of our foreign investments to the U.S. as it is the practice and intention of the Company to reinvest the earnings of its non-U.S. subsidiaries in those operations or should not give rise to additional income tax liabilities as a result of the distribution of such earnings.
Uncertain Tax Positions
As of December 31, 2020 and 2019, the Company had $0.2 million and $0.2 million, respectively, of uncertain tax positions (“UTPs”). If the UTPs were recognized, the impact to the Company’s effective tax rate would be to increase reported income tax benefit for the twelve months ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, by $0.2 million and $0.2 million, respectively.
85

HORIZON GLOBAL CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
A reconciliation of the change in the UTPs as of December 31, 2020 and 2019 is as follows:
  Uncertain Tax Positions
(dollars in thousands)
Balances at January 1, 2019 $ 5,660 
Tax positions related to current year:
Additions — 
Reductions — 
Tax positions related to prior years:
Additions 20 
Reductions (4,970)
Settlements — 
Lapses in the statutes of limitations (400)
Cumulative translation adjustment (100)
Balance at December 31, 2019 $ 210 
Tax positions related to current year:
Additions — 
Reductions — 
Tax positions related to prior years:
Additions — 
Reductions — 
Settlements — 
Lapses in the statutes of limitations — 
Cumulative translation adjustment 10 
Balance at December 31, 2020 $ 220 
The Company recognizes interest and penalties on UTPs as income tax expense. During the twelve months ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, the Company recognized no expense and a net benefit of $1.2 million, respectively, related to interest and penalties. As of December 31, 2020 and 2019, the Company had a liability of $0.2 million and $0.2 million, respectively, related to interest and penalties.
During the twelve months ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, the change in UTPs and liabilities for interest and penalties primarily relates foreign currency translation during 2020 and the expiration of statutes of limitations and resolution of income tax examinations in certain jurisdictions during 2019.
Management monitors changes in tax statutes and regulations and the issuance of judicial decisions to determine the potential impact to UTPs. As of December 31, 2020, the Company estimated $0.1 million of UTPs are expected to be released in the next twelve months.
Income tax returns are filed in multiple domestic and foreign jurisdictions, which are subject to examinations by taxing authorities. As of December 31, 2020, the Company is subject to U.S. federal tax examination for tax years 2017 through 2020. The Company is subject to state, local, and foreign income tax examinations for tax years 2013 through 2020. The Company’s German jurisdiction is subject to German federal tax examination for tax years 2017 through 2020. The timing of the resolution of income tax examinations is highly uncertain, and the amounts ultimately paid, if any, upon resolution of the issues raised by the taxing authorities may differ from the amounts accrued. It is reasonably possible that within the next twelve months we may reach resolution of income tax examinations in one or more foreign jurisdictions. The Company does not believe that the results of these examinations will have a significant impact on the Company’s tax position or its effective tax rate.
86

HORIZON GLOBAL CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Other Matters
On March 27, 2020, the United States enacted the CARES Act to provide certain relief due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The CARES Act, among other things, includes various income and payroll tax provisions. The CARES Act did not have a significant impact our consolidated financial statements and income tax provision based on the Company’s existing domestic valuation allowance and historical operating performance. Additionally, on December 27, 2020, the United States passed additional legislation that clarifies expenses paid with the proceeds of a PPP loan that is forgiven are considered to be deductible. The Company expects its expenses paid with proceeds of its PPP Loan to be deductible, to the extent the PPP Loan is forgiven. See Note 10, Long-term Debt, for additional information on the Company’s PPP Loan.
20. Other Expense, Net
Other expense, net consists of the following components:
Twelve Months Ended
December 31,
2020 2019
(dollars in thousands)
Customer pay discounts $ (1,410) $ (1,510)
Foreign currency gain 910  50 
Loss on sale of business —  (3,630)
Other 30  (300)
Total $ (470) $ (5,390)
21. Subsequent Events
Senior Term Loan Credit Agreement
On February 2, 2021, the Company entered into a credit agreement (the “Senior Term Loan Credit Agreement”) with Atlantic Park Strategic Capital Fund, L.P. (“Atlantic Park”), as administrative agent and collateral agent, and the lenders party thereto (collectively, the “Lenders”). The Senior Term Loan Credit Agreement provides for an initial term loan facility in the aggregate principal amount of $100.0 million, all of which has been borrowed by the Company, and a delayed draw term loan facility in the aggregate principal amount of up to $125.0 million, which may be drawn by the Company in up to three separate borrowings through June 30, 2022. A ticking fee of 25 basis points per annum will accrue on the undrawn portion of the delayed draw term loan facility.
The proceeds received by the Company from the initial borrowings under the Senior Term Loan Credit Agreement were used to repay in full all outstanding debt and accrued interest on the Company’s Replacement Term Loan. As a result of the repayment, the credit agreement governing the Company’s Replacement Term Loan has been terminated and is no longer in effect.
Interest on the Senior Term Loan Credit Agreement is payable in cash on a quarterly basis at the interest rate of LIBOR plus 7.50% per annum, subject to a 1.00% LIBOR floor, and is subject to various affirmative and negative covenants, including a secured net leverage ratio tested quarterly, commencing with the fiscal quarter ending March 31, 2023, not to exceed: 6.50 to 1.00. The Senior Term Loan Credit Agreement also contains a financial covenant that stipulates the Company will not make Capital Expenditures (as defined in the Senior Term Loan Credit Agreement) exceeding $27.5 million during any fiscal year. To the extent that the amount of Capital Expenditures is less than $27.5 million in any fiscal year, up to 50% of the difference may be carried forward and used for Capital Expenditures in the immediately succeeding fiscal year.
Following a one-year no-call period, the Senior Term Loan Credit Agreement provides for a 2.5% call premium for years two through five and no premium thereafter. All outstanding borrowings made under the Senior Term Loan Credit Agreement mature on February 2, 2027.
All of the indebtedness under the Senior Term Loan Credit Agreement is and will be guaranteed by the Company’s existing and future United States, Canadian and Mexican subsidiaries and certain other foreign subsidiaries and is and will be secured by substantially all of the assets of the Company and such guarantors.
87

HORIZON GLOBAL CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Pursuant to the Senior Term Loan Credit Agreement, the Company issued warrants (the “Senior Term Loan Warrants”) to Atlantic Park to purchase in the aggregate up to 3,905,486 shares of the Company’s common stock, with an exercise price of $9.00 per share, subject to adjustment as provided in the Senior Term Loan Warrants. The Senior Term Loan Warrants are exercisable at any time prior to February 2, 2026.
The Company estimates it incurred $11.4 million of debt issuance costs and fees associated with the above transactions. The transactions will be accounted for in the first quarter of 2021.
Additionally, on February 2, 2021, the Company entered into a limited consent of the Loan Agreement for the Company’s Revolving Credit Facility, that among other modifications, consented to the Company’s entering into the Senior Term Loan Credit Agreement.
88



Item 9.    Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure
Not applicable.
Item 9A.    Controls and Procedures
The Company maintains disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports that the Company files or submits under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act, is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to the Company’s management, including its Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures.
Evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures
As of the end of the period covered by this Annual Report on Form 10-K, an evaluation was carried out by management, with the participation of the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15(e) and Rule 15d-15(e) of the Exchange Act) pursuant to Rule 13a-15 of the Exchange Act. The Company’s disclosure controls and procedures are designed only to provide reasonable assurance that they will meet their objectives. Based upon that evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that, as of December 31, 2020, the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures are effective to provide reasonable assurance that they would meet their objectives.
Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f), for the Company. Under the supervision of the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, management conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2020 based on the framework set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) in “Internal Control-Integrated Framework (2013).” Based on its evaluation, management has concluded that the Company’s internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2020.
Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
There were no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the three months ended December 31, 2020, that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, its internal control over financial reporting. As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, certain employees of the Company began working remotely in March 2020. Management has taken measures to ensure that our internal control over financial reporting remained effective and were not materially affected during the period. We are continually monitoring and assessing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our internal controls to minimize the impact on their design and operating effectiveness.
Item 9B.    Other Information
Not applicable.
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PART III
Item 10.    Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance
The information required by Item 10 regarding our directors and corporate governance matters is incorporated by reference herein to the proxy statement for the Company’s 2021 Annual Meeting of Stockholders (the “Proxy Statement”) sections entitled “Proposal 1 - Election of Directors” and “Corporate Governance.” The information required by Item 10 regarding our executive officers appears as a supplementary item following Item 4 under Part I of this Annual Report on Form 10-K under the title “Information About Our Executive Officers.”
The Spirit and The Letter. Effective as of July 1, 2015, the Board adopted the Company’s code of conduct, titled “The Spirit and The Letter,” that applies to all directors and employees, including the Company’s principal executive officer, principal financial officer, and other persons performing similar executive management functions. The Spirit and The Letter is posted on the Company’s website, www.horizonglobal.com, in the Corporate Governance subsection of the Investor Relations section. All amendments to The Spirit and The Letter, if any, will be also posted on the Company’s website, along with all waivers, if any, of The Spirit and The Letter involving senior officers.
Item 11.    Executive Compensation
The information required by Item 11 is incorporated by reference herein to the Proxy Statement section entitled “Executive Compensation - Compensation Discussion and Analysis.
Item 12.    Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters
The information required by Item 12 is incorporated by reference herein to the Proxy Statement section entitled “Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters.”
Item 13.    Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence
The information required by Item 13 is incorporated by reference herein to the Proxy Statement section entitled “Transactions with Related Parties.
Item 14.    Principal Accountant Fees and Services
The information required by Item 14 is incorporated by reference herein to the Proxy Statement section entitled “Proposal 2 - Ratification of Appointment of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm.”

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PART IV
Item 15.    Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules
(a) Listing of Documents
(1)   Financial Statements
The Company’s consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 hereof, as required at December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, and for the periods ended December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, consist of the following:
Consolidated Balance Sheets
Consolidated Statements of Operations
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(2)   Financial Statement Schedules
Financial Statement Schedule of the Company appended hereto, as required for the periods ended December 31, 2020, and December 31, 2019, consists of the following:
Valuation and Qualifying Accounts
All other schedules are omitted because they are not applicable, not required, or the information is otherwise included in the financial statements or the notes thereto.
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(3)   Exhibits
Exhibits Index:
2.1(q)
3.1(p)
3.2(b)
4.1(i)
4.2(i)
4.3(s)
4.4(n)
4.5(n)
4.6(w)
10.1(c)
10.2(h)
10.3(k)
10.4(j)*
10.5(l)
10.6(m)
10.7(d)**
10.8(e)**
10.9(a)
10.10(e)**
10.11(e)**
10.12(f)**
10.13(f)**
10.14(f)**
10.15(g)**
10.16(l)**
10.17(l)**
II-1



10.18(l)**
10.19(l)**
10.20(l)**
10.21(m)**
10.22(h)
10.23(i)
10.24(i)
10.25(i)
10.26(i)
10.27(i)
10.28(i)
10.29(i)
10.30(i)
10.31(i)
10.32(i)
10.33(i)
10.34(i)
10.35(g)
10.36(o)
10.37(o)
10.38(o)
10.39(p)
10.40(r)
10.41(r)
10.42(r)
II-2



10.43(t)*
10.44(t)*
10.45(u)
10.46(u)
10.47(u)
10.48(u)
10.49(v)*
10.50(v)*
10.51*
10.52*
21.1
23.1
31.1
31.2
32.1
32.2
101.INS Inline XBRL Instance Document. (not part of filing)
101.SCH Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.
101.CAL Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.
101.DEF Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document.
101.LAB Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.
101.PRE Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document.
104 Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)
_________________________
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(a) Incorporated by reference to the Exhibits filed with our Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed on March 31, 2015 (Reg. No. 333-203138).
(b) Incorporated by reference to the Exhibits filed with our Current Report on Form 8-K filed on February 20, 2019 (Reg. No. 001-37427).
(c) Incorporated by reference to the Exhibits filed with our Current Report on Form 8-K filed on July 6, 2015 (File No. 001-37427).
(d) Incorporated by reference to the Exhibits filed with our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on August 11, 2015 (File No. 001-37427).
(e) Incorporated by reference to the Exhibits filed with our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on November 10, 2015 (File No. 001-37427).
(f) Incorporated by reference to the Exhibits filed with our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on May 3, 2016 (File No. 001-37427).
(g) Incorporated by reference to Exhibits filed with our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on March 18, 2019 (File No. 001-37427).
(h) Incorporated by reference to the Exhibits filed with our Current Report on Form 8-K filed on October 11, 2016 (File No. 001-37427).
(i) Incorporated by reference to the Exhibits filed with our Current Report on Form 8-K filed on February 1, 2017 (File No. 001-37427).
(j) Incorporated by reference to the Exhibits filed with our Current Report on Form 8-K filed on April 6, 2017 (File No. 001-37427).
(k) Incorporated by reference to the Exhibits filed with our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on March 10, 2017 (File No. 001-37427).
(l) Incorporated by reference to the Exhibits filed with our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on May 3, 2018 (File No. 001-37427).
(m) Incorporated by reference to the Exhibits filed with our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on August 7, 2018 (File No. 001-37427).
(n) Incorporated by reference to the Exhibits filed with our Current Report on Form 8-K filed on March 18, 2019 (File No. 001-37427).
(o) Incorporated by reference to the Exhibits filed with our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on May 9, 2019 (File No. 001-37427).
(p) Incorporated by reference to the Exhibits filed with our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on August 8, 2019 (File No. 001-37427).
(q) Incorporated by reference to the Exhibit filed with our Current Report on Form 8-K filed on September 25, 2019 (File No. 001-37427).
(r) Incorporated by reference to the Exhibits filed with our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on November 12, 2019 (File No. 001-37427).
(s) Incorporated by reference to the Exhibits filed with our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on March 16, 2020 (File No. 001-37427).
(t) Incorporated by reference to the Exhibits filed with our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on May 18, 2020 (File No. 001-37427).
(u) Incorporated by reference to the Exhibits filed with our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on August 7, 2020 (File No. 001-37427).
(v) Incorporated by reference to the Exhibits filed with our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on November 5, 2020 (File No. 001-37427).
(w) Incorporated by reference to the Exhibits filed with our Current Report on Form 8-K filed on February 3, 2021 (File No. 001-37427).
* Certain exhibits and schedules are omitted pursuant to Item 601(a)(5) of Regulation S-K, and the Company agrees to furnish supplementally to the Securities and Exchange Commission a copy of any omitted exhibits and schedules upon request.

** Management contracts and compensatory plans or arrangement required to be filed as an exhibit pursuant Item 15(b) of Form 10-K.
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Item 16.    Form 10-K Summary
None.
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
    HORIZON GLOBAL CORPORATION
(Registrant)
BY: /s/ TERRENCE G. GOHL
DATE: March 11, 2021    
Name: Terrence G. Gohl
Title: President and Chief Executive Officer
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this Report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the Registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
Name   Title   Date
         
/s/ TERRENCE G. GOHL President and Chief Executive Officer and Director March 11, 2021
Terrence G. Gohl   (Principal Executive Officer)  
/s/ DENNIS E. RICHARDVILLE Chief Financial Officer March 11, 2021
Dennis E. Richardville   (Principal Financial Officer)  
/s/ MATTHEW J. MEYER Chief Accounting Officer March 11, 2021
Matthew J. Meyer (Principal Accounting Officer)
/s/ JOHN C. KENNEDY Chair of the Board of Directors March 11, 2021
John C. Kennedy    
/s/ FREDERICK A. HENDERSON Director March 11, 2021
Frederick A. Henderson    
/s/ RYAN L. LANGDON Director   March 11, 2021
Ryan L. Langdon  
/s/ BRETT N. MILGRIM Director March 11, 2021
Brett N. Milgrim
/s/ DEBRA S. OLER Director March 11, 2021
Debra S. Oler
/s/ MARK D. WEBER Director March 11, 2021
Mark D. Weber
/s/ HARRY J. WILSON Director March 11, 2021
Harry J. Wilson
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SCHEDULE II
PURSUANT TO ITEM 15(a)(2)OF FORM 10-K
VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS FOR THE TWELVE MONTHS ENDED
DECEMBER 31, 2020 AND 2019
(Dollars in thousands)
    ADDITIONS  
DESCRIPTION BALANCE
AT
BEGINNING
OF PERIOD
CHARGED
TO
COSTS AND
EXPENSES
OTHER(1)
DEDUCTIONS(2)
BALANCE
AT END
OF PERIOD
Allowance for doubtful accounts        
Twelve Months Ended
December 31, 2020
$ 3,210  $ 860  $ (10) $ (1,330) $ 2,730 
Twelve Months Ended
December 31, 2019
$ 4,840  $ 1,540  $ (1,450) $ (1,720) $ 3,210 
______________
(1) Other adjustments, net.
(2) Deductions, representing uncollectible accounts written-off, less recoveries of amounts written-off in prior years.
    ADDITIONS  
DESCRIPTION BALANCE
AT
BEGINNING
OF PERIOD
CHARGED
TO
COSTS AND
EXPENSES
OTHER(1)
DEDUCTIONS BALANCE
AT END
OF PERIOD
Reserve for inventory valuation        
Twelve Months Ended
December 31, 2020
$ 17,980  $ (4,310) $ 10  $ (70) $ 13,610 
Twelve Months Ended
December 31, 2019
$ 13,180  $ 7,640  $ (300) $ (2,540) $ 17,980 
______________
(1) Primarily relates to other adjustments, net as well as reserves derecognized in conjunction with the sale of the non-automotive business in 2019.
    ADDITIONS  
DESCRIPTION BALANCE
AT
BEGINNING
OF PERIOD
CHARGED
TO
COSTS AND
EXPENSES
OTHER(1)
DEDUCTIONS(2)
BALANCE
AT END
OF PERIOD
Deferred tax valuation allowance        
Twelve Months Ended
December 31, 2020
$ 50,370  $ 520  $ 6,910  $ (2,620) $ 55,180 
Twelve Months Ended
December 31, 2019
$ 26,650  $ 4,040  $ 19,680  $ —  $ 50,370 
______________
(1) Primarily relates to tax benefits that have previously been reserved.
(2) Primarily relates to tax benefits previously reserved deemed realizable.
II-7
EXECUTION
LIMITED CONSENT AND THIRD AMENDMENT
TO LOAN AND SECURITY AGREEMENT
This Limited Consent and Third Amendment to Loan and Security Agreement (this “Third Amendment”) is made this 2nd day of February, 2021, by and among HORIZON GLOBAL AMERICAS INC., a Delaware corporation (“Horizon Americas”), CEQUENT TOWING PRODUCTS OF CANADA LTD., a company formed under the laws of the Province of Ontario ("Cequent Canada"; together with Horizon Americas, each a "Borrower" and collectively the “Borrowers”), HORIZON GLOBAL CORPORATION, a Delaware corporation (“Parent”), HORIZON GLOBAL COMPANY LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“Horizon Global”) CEQUENT ELECTRICAL PRODUCTS DE MÉXICO, S. de R.L. de C.V., a Mexican limited liability company (sociedad de responsabilidad limitada de capital variable) (“Cequent Electrical MX”), CEQUENT SALES COMPANY DE MÉXICO, S. de R.L. de C.V., a Mexican limited liability company (sociedad de responsabilidad limitada de capital variable) (“Cequent Sales MX”, and together with Parent, Horizon Global and Cequent Electrical MX, each a "Guarantor" and collectively the “Guarantors”; the Borrowers and Guarantors are referred to herein as, collectively, jointly and severally, the “Loan Parties” and each a “Loan Party”), the Lenders party hereto and ENCINA BUSINESS CREDIT, LLC, as agent for the Lenders (in such capacity, the "Agent").
BACKGROUND
A.The Loan Parties, Lenders and the Agent entered into that certain Loan and Security Agreement dated as of March 13, 2020 (as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the “Loan Agreement”) to reflect certain financing arrangements between the parties thereto. The Loan Agreement, as in effect immediately prior to the date hereof, and all other Loan Documents executed in connection therewith prior to the date hereof are collectively referred to as the “Existing Financing Agreements”.
B.The Loan Parties have informed the Agent that the Loan Parties desire to (i) refinance the existing First Lien Term Loan Agreement by entering into that certain Term Loan Agreement dated as of the date hereof with, among others, Atlantic Park Strategic Capital Fund, L.P. as agent in the form previously provided to the Agent and (ii) make certain prepayments on the Convertible Notes on or about the date hereof with the initial proceeds of such refinanced Term Loan, neither of which are permitted under the Loan Agreement (the “Requested Amendment Date Actions”), and, in connection therewith, subject to the terms and conditions of this Third Amendment, the Lenders and the Agent have agreed to consent to the Requested Amendment Date Actions and amend certain provisions of the Loan Agreement as set forth herein.
NOW THEREFORE, with the foregoing background hereinafter deemed incorporated by reference herein and made a part hereof, the parties hereto, intending to be legally bound, promise and agree as follows:
1.Defined Terms. Capitalized terms used herein but not otherwise defined herein shall have the meanings attributed thereto in the Loan Agreement, as amended by this Third Amendment.
2.Limited Consent. Notwithstanding Sections 8.6 and 8.12 of the Loan Agreement, the Loan Parties have requested that the Agent and Lenders consent to the Requested Amendment Date Actions. Upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in this Third Amendment, the Agent and



Lenders hereby consent to the Requested Amendment Date Actions, which, for the avoidance of doubt, shall not include consent to any modifications, amendments, or other changes to, or actions under, the term loan agreement entered into after the date hereof, nor any other payments on the Convertible Notes, in each case, other than as permitted pursuant to the Loan Agreement as amended by this Third Amendment. The limited consent of the Requested Amendment Date Actions in this Section 2 shall be effective only in this specific instance and for the specific purpose for which it is given, and shall not entitle any Loan Party to any other or further consent in any similar or other circumstance.
3.Amendments to Loan Agreement. Subject to the satisfaction (or waiver) of the conditions precedent specified in Section 5 below, the Loan Agreement is hereby amended in its entirety to delete the stricken text (indicated textually in the same manner as the following example: stricken text) and to add the double-underlined text (indicated textually in the same manner as the following example: double-underlined text) as set forth in the changed pages to the conformed Loan Agreement attached as Annex I hereto.
4.Representations and Warranties. Each Loan Party hereby:
(a)after giving effect to this Third Amendment, reaffirms all representations and warranties made to the Lenders and the Agent under the Loan Agreement and all of the other Existing Financing Agreements and represents and warrants that after giving effect to this Third Amendment and the transactions contemplated hereby all such representations and warranties are true and correct in all material respects (unless otherwise qualified by materiality or the occurrence of a Material Adverse Effect, in which case such representation and warranty is true and correct in all respects) on and as of the date hereof (or, to the extent any representations or warranties are expressly made solely as of an earlier date, such representations and warranties are true and correct as of such earlier date);
(b)as of the date hereof, reaffirms all covenants contained in the Loan Agreement (as amended hereby) and all of the other Existing Financing Agreements and covenants to comply with all such covenants until the Termination Date; and
(c)as of the date hereof, represents and warrants that:
(i)no Default or Event of Default has occurred and is continuing under the Loan Agreement or any of the other Existing Financing Agreements;
(ii)such Loan Party has all requisite power and authority to execute and deliver, and to perform all of its obligations under, this Third Amendment;
(iii)the execution, delivery and performance by such Loan Party of this Third Amendment have been duly and validly authorized and do not violate such Loan Party's Governing Documents or any law or any material agreement or instrument or any court order which is binding upon such Loan Party or its property, do not constitute grounds for acceleration of any Indebtedness or obligation under any material agreement or instrument which is binding upon such Loan Party or its property, and do not require the consent of any Person;
(iv)this Third Amendment has been duly executed and delivered by, and is enforceable against, each of the Loan Parties party hereto, in accordance with its terms,
    - 2 -    



except as enforceability may be limited by applicable bankruptcy, moratorium or other similar laws affecting creditors’ rights generally and by general equitable principles; and
(v)no Loan Party is required to obtain any government approval, consent, or authorization from, or to file any declaration or statement with, any Governmental Authority in connection with or as a condition to the execution, delivery or performance of this Third Amendment.
5.Conditions Precedent. This Third Amendment shall become effective on the date on which the following conditions have been fulfilled to the satisfaction of the Agent (the “Third Amendment Effective Date”):
(a)each of the following documents shall be duly executed by all parties thereto and delivered to the Agent, in form and substance satisfactory to the Agent, and each such document shall be in full force and effect:
(i)this Third Amendment;
(ii)the Intercreditor Agreement; and
(iii)the Term Loan Agreement.
(b)the Borrowers shall have paid to the Agent all fees due on the Third Amendment Effective Date and shall have paid or reimbursed Agent for all of Agent's costs, charges and expenses incurred through the Third Amendment Effective Date for which invoices have been presented to the Loan Parties prior to the date hereof payable to the extent required by Section 15.7 of the Loan Agreement (including, without limitation, reasonable and documented attorneys’ fees and expenses incurred in connection with the preparation, negotiation and execution of this Third Amendment and the documents provided for herein or related hereto);
(c)after giving effect to this Third Amendment, all representations and warranties contained in Section 4 above shall be true and correct in all respects; and
(d)the Loan Parties shall have delivered, or cause to be delivered, a duly executed payoff letter with respect to the existing First Lien Term Loan Agreement and evidence that such Indebtedness shall have been repaid in full in accordance therewith and all related Liens securing obligations under the existing First Lien Term Loan Agreement have been or concurrently with the date hereof are being released.
6.Post-Closing Obligations. Within ninety (90) days after the date hereof (or such longer period as Agent may agree at its sole option), the Loan Parties shall deliver, or cause to be delivered, to the Agent supplements to the Mexican Security Documents, which shall be in form and substance reasonably acceptable to the Agent in its reasonable discretion and a favorable written legal opinion of Jones Day México, S.C., as special counsel to the Loan Parties in Mexico, which legal opinion shall be addressed to the Agent and the Lenders, covering such matters under Mexican law and shall be in form and substance similar to the legal opinion previously delivered to the Agent on July 24, 2020 and otherwise satisfactory to the Agent and its legal counsel. Within thirty (30) days after the Loan Parties have opened the Term Loan DDTL Proceeds Account, they shall deliver, or cause to be delivered, to the Agent a deposit account control agreement in favor of the Agent and Term Loan Agent with respect to
    - 3 -    



such account, which agreement shall be in form and substance reasonably acceptable to the Agent. The failure to satisfy any such requirement in this Section 6 on or before the date when due (or within such longer period as Agent may agree at its sole option) shall be an Event of Default, except as otherwise agreed to by Agent at its sole option.
7.Further Assurances. Each Loan Party hereby agrees to take all such actions and to execute and/or deliver to the Agent all such documents, assignments, financing statements and other documents, as the Agent may reasonably require from time to time, to effectuate and implement the purposes of this Third Amendment.
8.Reaffirmation of Loan Documents; No Novation. Each Loan Party, as debtor, grantor, pledgor, guarantor, assignor, or in other any other similar capacity in which such Loan Party grants liens or security interests in its property or otherwise acts as accommodation party or guarantor, as the case may be, hereby (i) ratifies and reaffirms all of its payment and performance obligations, contingent or otherwise, under each of the Loan Documents to which it is a party and (ii) to the extent such Loan Party granted liens on or security interests in any of its property pursuant to any such Loan Document as security for or otherwise guaranteed any Obligations, ratifies and reaffirms such guarantee and grant of security interests and liens and confirms and agrees that such security interests and liens hereafter secure all of such Obligations as amended hereby. Each Loan Party hereby consents to this Third Amendment and acknowledges that each of the Loan Documents remains in full force and effect and is hereby ratified and reaffirmed. The execution of this Third Amendment shall not serve to effect a novation of any Indebtedness under the Loan Documents or any other Obligations.
9.No Modification. Except as expressly set forth herein, nothing contained in this Third Amendment shall be deemed to constitute a waiver of compliance with any term or condition contained in the Loan Agreement or any other Loan Document or constitute a course of conduct or dealing among the parties. Except as expressly stated herein, the Agent reserves all rights, privileges and remedies under the Loan Documents. Except as amended or consented to hereby, the Loan Agreement and other Loan Documents remain unmodified and in full force and effect. All references in the Loan Documents to the Loan Agreement shall be deemed to be references to the Loan Agreement as modified hereby.
10.Release of Claims. In consideration of the Agent’s agreements contained in this Third Amendment, each Loan Party hereby irrevocably releases and forever discharges the Agent and its affiliates, subsidiaries, successors, assigns, directors, officers, employees, agents, consultants and attorneys (each, a “Released Person”) of and from any and all claims, suits, actions, investigations or proceedings, whether based in contract, tort, implied or express warranty, strict liability, criminal or civil statute or common law of any kind or character, known or unknown, which such Loan Party ever had or now has against the Agent or any other Released Person which relates, directly or indirectly, to any acts or omissions of the Agent or any other Released Person relating to the Loan Agreement or any other Loan Document on or prior to the date hereof.
11.Miscellaneous.
(a)Headings; Construction. Section and subsection headings are used in this Third Amendment only for convenience and do not affect the meanings of the provisions that they precede.
(b)Modifications. No modification hereof or of any agreement referred to herein shall be binding or enforceable unless in writing and signed on behalf of the party against whom enforcement is sought.
    - 4 -    



(c)Governing Law; Loan Document. THIS THIRD AMENDMENT SHALL BE GOVERNED BY AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE LAW OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK APPLICABLE TO CONTRACTS MADE AND TO BE PERFORMED THEREIN WITHOUT REGARD TO CONFLICT OF LAW PRINCIPLES. FURTHER, THE LAW OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK SHALL APPLY TO ALL DISPUTES OR CONTROVERSIES ARISING OUT OF OR CONNECTED TO OR WITH THIS THIRD AMENDMENT WITHOUT REGARD TO CONFLICT OF LAW PRINCIPLES. This Third Amendment is a Loan Document and is subject to and has the benefit of all the provisions in the Loan Agreement applicable to Loan Documents.
(d)Counterparts; Fax/Email Signatures. This Third Amendment may be executed in any number of counterparts, all of which shall constitute one and the same agreement. This Third Amendment may be executed by signatures delivered by facsimile or electronic mail, each of which shall be fully binding on the signing party.
[Signature Pages Follow]


    - 5 -    



IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have caused this Third Amendment to be executed and delivered by their duly authorized officers as of the date first above written.

HORIZON GLOBAL AMERICAS INC.,
as a Borrower

By: /s/ Jay Goldbaum                
Name: Jay Goldbaum
Title: Vice President and Secretary
CEQUENT TOWING PRODUCTS OF CANADA LTD., as a Borrower
By: /s/ Jay Goldbaum                
Name: Jay Goldbaum
Title: Vice President    
HORIZON GLOBAL CORPORATION,
as a Guarantor
By: /s/ Jay Goldbaum                
Name: Jay Goldbaum
Title: Vice President and Secretary
HORIZON GLOBAL COMPANY LLC,
as a Guarantor
By: /s/ Jay Goldbaum                
Name: Jay Goldbaum
Title: Vice President and Secretary    

CEQUENT ELECTRICAL PRODUCTS DE MÉXICO, S. DE R.L. DE C.V., as a Guarantor
By: /s/ Jay Goldbaum                
Name:     Jay Goldbaum
Title:     Legal Representative
CEQUENT SALES COMPANY DE MÉXICO, S. DE R.L. DE C.V., as a Guarantor
By: /s/ Jay Goldbaum                
Name:     Jay Goldbaum
Title:     Legal Representative
[Signature Page to Third Amendment to Loan and Security Agreement]


ENCINA BUSINESS CREDIT, LLC, as Agent
By: /s/ Jean R. Elie                
Name:    Jean R. Elie
Title:    Authorized Signatory
ENCINA BUSINESS CREDIT SPV, LLC,
as a Lender

By: /s/ Jean R. Elie                
Name:    Jean R. Elie
Title:    Authorized Signatory    


[Signature Page to Third Amendment to Loan and Security Agreement]


Annex I
Conformed Loan Agreement
(changed pages only)
See attached.



Conformed through SecondThird Amendment





I.LOAN AND SECURITY AGREEMENT

Dated as of March 13, 2020 by and among
II.HORIZON GLOBAL AMERICAS INC. AND CEQUENT TOWING PRODUCTS OF CANADA, LTD.,
any other Borrower party hereto from time to time, as Borrowers,

III.HORIZON GLOBAL CORPORATION AND HORIZON GLOBAL COMPANY LLC
any other Guarantor party hereto from time to time, as Guarantors,

IV.any other Loan Party party hereto from time to time, as Loan Parties,

the Lenders from time to time party hereto, and
V.ENCINA BUSINESS CREDIT, LLC,
as Agent










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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
1. DEFINITIONS 1
1.1
Certain Defined Terms
1
1.2
Accounting Terms and Determinations
30-29
1.3
Other Definitional Provisions and References
31-30
1.4
Interpretation (Québec)
31-30
1.5
Interpretation (Mexico)
32-31
2. LOANS
32-31
2.1
Amount of Loans
32-31
Amount of Loans
2.2
Protective Advances; Overadvances
34-33
2.3
Notice of Borrowing; Manner of Revolving Loan Borrowing
35-34
2.4
Swingline Loans
36-35
2.5
Repayments
37-36
2.6
Prepayments / Voluntary Termination / Application of Prepayments
37-36
2.7
Obligations Unconditional
38-37
2.8
Reversal of Payments
39-38
2.9
Notes
39-38
2.10
Defaulting Lenders
39-38
2.11
Appointment of Borrower Representative
40-39
2.12
Joint and Several Liability
40-39
2.13
Other Provisions Applicable to Letters of Credit
42-41
2.14
Separate Letter of Credit Facility
43-42
3.
INTEREST AND FEES; LOAN ACCOUNT
43-42
3.1
Interest
43-42
3.2
Fees
43-42
3.3
Computation of Interest and Fees
45-44
3.4
Loan Account; Monthly Accountings
45-44
3.5
Further Obligations; Maximum Lawful Rate
45-44
3.6
Certain Provisions Regarding LIBOR Loans; Replacement of Lenders
46-45
4.
CONDITIONS PRECEDENT
47-46
4.1
Conditions to Initial Loans/Letters of Credit
47-46
4.2
Conditions to all Loans and/or Letters of Credit
47-46
5.
COLLATERAL
48-47
5.1
Grant of Security Interest
48-47
5.2
Possessory Collateral
49-48
5.3
Further Assurances
49-48
5.4
UCC Financing Statements
50-49
6.
CERTAIN PROVISIONS REGARDING ACCOUNTS, INVENTORY, COLLECTIONS AND APPLICATIONS OF PAYMENTS
50-49
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6.1
Lock Boxes and Blocked Accounts
50-49
6.2
Application of Payments
51-50
6.3
Notification; Verification
51-50
6.4
Power of Attorney
52-51
6.5
Disputes
53-52
6.6
Invoices
53-52
6.7
Inventory
53-52
7.
REPRESENTATIONS, WARRANTIES AND AFFIRMATIVE COVENANTS
54-53
7.1
Existence and Authority
54-53
7.2
Names; Trade Names and Styles
54-53
7.3
Title to Collateral; Third Party Locations; Permitted Liens
54-53
7.4
Accounts and Chattel Paper
55-54
7.5
Electronic Chattel Paper
55-54
7.6
Capitalization; Investment Property
55-54
7.7
Commercial Tort Claims
57-56
7.8
Jurisdiction of Organization; Location of Collateral
57-56
7.9
Financial Statements and Reports; Solvency
57-56
7.10
Tax Returns and Payments; Pension Contributions
57-56
7.11
Compliance with Laws; Intellectual Property; Licenses
58-57
7.12
Litigation
59-58
7.13
Use of Proceeds
59-58
7.14
Insurance
60-59
7.15
Financial, Collateral and Other Reporting / Notices
61-60
7.16
Reserved.
63-62
7.17
Maintenance of Collateral, Etc
63-62
7.18
Reserved
63-62
7.19
No Default
63-62
7.20
No Material Adverse Change
63-62
7.21
Full Disclosure
63-62
7.22
Sensitive Payments
63-62
7.23
Subordinated Debt
63-62
7.24
Access to Collateral, Books and Records
64-63
7.25
Appraisals
64-63
7.26
Lender Meetings
64-63
7.27
Interrelated Businesses
65-64
7.28
Parent
65-64
7.29
Term Loan Debt
65-64
7.30
Canadian Benefit Plans
65-64
7.31
Canadian Pension Plans
66-65
7.32
Post-Closing Matters
66-65
7.33
Anti-Corruption Laws and Sanctions
66-65
7.34
Maquila Services Agreement
66-65
8.
NEGATIVE COVENANTS
67-66
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8.1
Fundamental Changes
67-66
8.2
Asset Sales
67-66
8.3
Investments and Loans
68-67
8.4
Indebtedness; Certain Equity Interests
69-68
8.5
Liens
70-69
8.6
Restricted Payments
71-70
8.7
Certain Sinking Fund Payments
72-71
8.8
Business
72-71
8.9
Transactions With Affiliates
72-71
8.10
Modifications to Governing Documents
73-72
8.11
Burdensome Restrictions
73-72
8.12
Modifications to Term Loan Debt Documents
73-72
8.13
Term Loan Debt Payments
73-72
8.14
Hedging Agreements
73-72
8.15
Maquila Services Agreement
74-73
9.
FINANCIAL COVENANTS
74-73
9.1
[Reserved]
74-73
9.2
Capital Expenditure Limitation
74-73
10.
LIMITATION OF LIABILITY AND INDEMNITY
74-73
10.1
[Reserved]
74-73
10.2
Limitation of Liability
74-73
10.3
Indemnity
74-73
11.
EVENTS OF DEFAULT AND REMEDIES
75-74
11.1
Events of Default
75-74
11.2
Remedies with Respect to Lending Commitments/Acceleration, Etc
77-76
11.3
Remedies with Respect to Collateral
77-76
12.
LOAN GUARANTY
83-82
12.1
Guaranty
83-82
12.2
Guaranty of Payment
83-82
12.3
No Discharge or Diminishment of Loan Guaranty
83-82
12.4
Defenses Waived
84-83
12.5
Rights of Subrogation
85-84
12.6
Reinstatement; Stay of Acceleration
85-84
12.7
Information
85-84
12.8
Termination
85-84
12.9
Maximum Liability
85-84
12.10
Contribution
86-85
12.11
Liability Cumulative
86-85
13.
PAYMENTS FREE OF TAXES; OBLIGATION TO WITHHOLD; PAYMENTS ON ACCOUNT OF TAXES
86-85
14. AGENT
89-88
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14.1
Appointment
89-88
14.2
Rights as a Lender
90-89
14.3
Duties and Obligations
90-89
14.4
Reliance
91-90
14.5
Actions through Sub-Agents
91-90
14.6
Resignation
91-90
14.7
Non-Reliance
92-91
14.8
Not Partners or Co-Venturers; Agent as Representative of the Secured Parties
93-92
14.9
Credit Bidding
94-93
14.10
Certain Collateral Matters
94-93
14.11
Restriction on Actions by Lenders
94-93
14.12
Expenses
95-94
14.13
Notice of Default or Event of Default
95-94
14.14
Liability of Agent
95-94
14.15
Reserved
96-95
15.
GENERAL PROVISIONS
96-95
15.1
Notices
96-95
15.2
Severability
98-97
15.3
Integration
98-97
15.4
Waivers
98-97
15.5
Amendments
98-97
15.6
Time of Essence
99-98
15.7
Expenses, Fee and Costs Reimbursement
99-98
15.8
Benefit of Agreement; Assignability
100-99
15.9
Assignments
100-99
15.10
Participations
101-100
15.11
Headings; Construction
102-101
15.12
USA PATRIOT Act Notification; Other Anti-Money Laundering Legislation
102-101
15.13
Counterparts; Fax/Email Signatures
102-101
15.14
GOVERNING LAW
102-101
15.15
CONSENT TO JURISDICTION; WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL; CONSENT TO SERVICE OF PROCESS
103-102
15.16
Publication
103-102
15.17
Judgment Currency
103-102
15.18
Confidentiality
104-103
15.19
Intercreditor Agreement
104-103


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VI.Loan and Security Agreement

This Loan and Security Agreement (as it may be amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, this "Agreement") is entered into on March 13, 2020, by and among HORIZON GLOBAL AMERICAS INC., a Delaware corporation (“Horizon Americas”), CEQUENT TOWING PRODUCTS OF CANADA, LTD., a company formed under the laws of the Province of Ontario ("Cequent Canada"; together with Horizon Americas, each a "Borrower" and together with any other Borrower party hereto from time to time, collectively the "Borrowers"), HORIZON GLOBAL CORPORATION, a Delaware corporation (“Parent”), HORIZON GLOBAL COMPANY LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“Horizon Global”) CEQUENT ELECTRICAL PRODUCTS DE MÉXICO, S. DE R.L. DE C.V., a Mexican limited liability company (sociedad de responsabilidad limitada de capital variable) (“Cequent Electrical MX”), CEQUENT SALES COMPANY DE MÉXICO, S. DE R.L. DE C.V., a Mexican limited liability company (sociedad de responsabilidad limitada de capital variable) (“Cequent Sales MX”, and together with Parent, Horizon Global and Cequent Electrical MX, each a “Guarantor” and together with any other Guarantor party hereto from time to time, collectively the “Guarantors”) and together with any other Loan Party party hereto from time to time, as Loan Parties (as defined herein), the Lenders party hereto from time to time and ENCINA BUSINESS CREDIT, LLC, as agent for the Lenders (in such capacity, "Agent"). The Annexes, Exhibits and Schedules to this Agreement, as well as the Perfection Certificate attached to this Agreement, are an integral part of this Agreement and are incorporated herein by reference.

1.DEFINITIONS.

1.1        Certain Defined Terms.

Unless otherwise defined herein, the following terms are used herein as defined in the UCC from time to time: Accounts, Account Debtor, As-Extracted Collateral, Certificated Security, Chattel Paper, Commercial Tort Claims, Debtor, Deposit Accounts, Documents, Electronic Chattel Paper, Equipment, Farm Products, Financing Statement, Fixtures, General Intangibles, Goods, Health-Care-Insurance Receivables, Instruments, Inventory, Letter-of-Credit Rights, Money, Payment Intangible, Proceeds, Secured Party, Securities Accounts, Security Agreement, Supporting Obligations and Tangible Chattel Paper; provided, however, that (a) as such terms relate to any Collateral of any Canadian Borrower, such terms shall refer to such Collateral as defined in the PPSA, to the extent applicable and (b) as such terms relate to any such Collateral encumbered by or to be encumbered by a Mexican Security Document, such terms shall have the meanings assigned to them in such Mexican Security Document, to the extent applicable.

As used in this Agreement, the following terms have the following meanings:

ABL Priority Collateralmeans as defined in the Intercreditor Agreement (it being understood and agreed that any time the Term Loan Debt is not in effect, the term “ABL Priority Collateral” shall mean all Collateral).

"ABLSoft" means the electronic and/or internet-based system approved by Agent for the purpose of making notices, requests, deliveries, communications and for the other purposes contemplated in this Agreement or otherwise approved by Agent, whether such system is owned, operated or hosted by Agent, any of its Affiliates or any other Person.

1
1
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ABN AMRO Factoring Agreement” means the Factoring Agreement, dated as of June 5, 2012, between Westfalia-Automotive GmbH and ABN AMRO Commercial Finance GmbH, as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time.
"Accounts Advance Rate" means the percentage set forth in Section 1(b)(i) of Annex I.
"Advance Rates" means, collectively, the Accounts Advance Rate and the Inventory Advance Rate.
"Affiliate" means, with respect to any Person, any other Person in control of, controlled by, or under common control with the first Person, and any other Person who has a substantial interest, direct or indirect, in the first Person or any of its Affiliates, including, any officer or director of the first Person or any of its Affiliates (and if that Person is an individual, any member of the immediate family (including parents, siblings, spouse, children, stepchildren, nephews, nieces and grandchildren) of such individual and any trust whose principal beneficiary is such individual or one or more members of such immediate family and any Person who is controlled by any such member or trust); provided, that neither Agent, any Lender nor any of their respective Affiliates shall be deemed an "Affiliate" of any Borrower for any purposes of this Agreement. For the purpose of this definition, a "substantial interest" shall mean the direct or indirect legal or beneficial ownership of more than ten (10%) percent of any class of equity or similar interest.
"Agent" has the meaning set forth in the preamble to this Agreement, and includes any successor agent appointed in accordance with Section 14.6.
"Agent Fee Letter" means that certain fee letter agreement dated as of the Closing Date between Agent and Borrowers.
"Agent-Related Persons" means Agent, together with its Affiliates, officers, directors, employees, members, managers, attorneys, and agents.
"Agent Professionals" means attorneys, accountants, appraisers, auditors, business valuation experts, liquidation agents, collection agencies, auctioneers, environmental engineers or consultants, turnaround consultants, and other professionals and experts retained by Agent.
"Agreement" and "this Agreement" has the meaning set forth in the preamble to this Agreement.
"Anti-Corruption Laws" means laws, rules, and regulations of any jurisdiction applicable to any Borrower or its Subsidiaries from time to time concerning or relating to bribery or corruption.
"Applicable Margin" has the meaning set forth in Section 3(a) of Annex I.
"Applicable Percentage" has the meaning set forth in Section 3.2(e)(i).
"Approved Electronic Communication" means each notice, demand, communication, information, document and other material transmitted, posted or otherwise made or communicated by e-mail, facsimile, ABLSoft or any other equivalent electronic service, whether owned, operated or hosted by Agent, any of its Affiliates or any other Person, that any party is obligated to, or otherwise chooses to, provide to Agent pursuant to this Agreement or any other Loan Document, including any


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"Capitalized Lease" means any lease other than an operating lease which is or should be capitalized on the balance sheet of the lessee thereunder in accordance with GAAP. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, only those leases (assuming for purposes hereof that such leases were in existence on December 31, 2018), which were considered capitalized leases or financing leases in conformity with GAAP on December 31, 2018, shall be considered capitalized leases or financing leases hereunder, and all calculations and deliverables under this Agreement or any other Loan Document shall be made or delivered, as applicable, in accordance therewith (other than the financial statements delivered pursuant to this Agreement; provided that all such financial statements delivered to the Administrative Agent in accordance with the terms of this Agreement shall contain a schedule showing the adjustments necessary to reconcile such financial statements with GAAP as in effect on December 31, 2018, with respect to such leases).

“Cequent Canada” has the meaning set forth in the preamble to this Agreement.
“Cequent Electrical MX” has the meaning set forth in the preamble to this Agreement.
“Cequent Sales MX” has the meaning set forth in the preamble to this Agreement.
“Change in Control" means (a) the acquisition of beneficial ownership, directly or
indirectly, by any Person or group (within the meaning of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and the rules of the Commission thereunder), of Equity Interests representing more than 35% of the aggregate ordinary voting power represented by the issued and outstanding Equity Interests in the Parent by any Person other than the Permitted Holders, (b) during any period of 12 consecutive months, a majority of the members of the board of directors or other equivalent governing body of Parent cease to be composed of individuals (i) who were members of that board or equivalent governing body on the first day of such period, (ii) whose election or nomination to that board or equivalent governing body was approved by individuals referred to in clause (i) above constituting at the time of such election or nomination at least a majority of that board or equivalent governing body or (iii) whose election or nomination to that board or other equivalent governing body was approved by individuals referred to in clauses (i) and (ii) above constituting at the time of such election or nomination at least a majority of that board or equivalent governing body, (c) the occurrence of any change in control (or similar event, however denominated) with respect to the Parent under (i) any indenture or other agreement in respect of Material Debt to which the Parent or any Subsidiary is a party or (ii) any instrument governing any preferred stock of the Parent or any Subsidiary having a liquidation value or redemption value in excess of $5,000,000, or (d) Parent ceases to directly or indirectly own and control 100% of each class of the outstanding Equity Interests of the other Loan Parties (other than any director’s qualifying shares).

"Civil Code" means the Civil Code of Québec, or any successor statute, as amended from time to time, and includes all regulations thereunder.
"Closing Date" means March 13, 2020.

"Code" means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.

"Collateral" means all property and interests in property in or upon which a security interest, mortgage, pledge or other Lien is granted pursuant to this Agreement or the other Loan Documents, including all of the property of each Loan Party described in Section 5.1.

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"Collections" has the meaning set forth in Section 6.1.

"Commitment" means the Revolving Loan Commitment.

"Commitment Schedule" means the Commitment Schedule attached hereto as Annex
III.
"Compliance Certificate" means a compliance certificate substantially in the form of
Exhibit F hereto to be signed by an Authorized Officer of Parent.

"Confidential Information" means confidential information that any Loan Party furnishes to the Agent pursuant to any Loan Document concerning any Loan Party's business, but does not include any such information once such information has become, or if such information is, generally available to the public or available to the Agent (or other applicable Person) from a source other than the Loan Parties which is not, to the Agent's knowledge, bound by any confidentiality agreement in respect thereof, it being understood that unless any information is marked “Public” or “Not Confidential,” all information is Confidential Information.

Connection Income Taxesmeans Other Connection Taxes that are imposed on or measured by net income (however denominated) or that are franchise Taxes or branch profits Taxes.

"Control Agent" means, at the time of determination, whichever of the Term Loan AgentsAgent or the Agent which has the right under the Intercreditor Agreement to take remedial action with respect to the Collateral at issue.

"Convertible Notes" means the 2.75% Convertible Senior Notes of Parent due 2022 issued pursuant to the Convertible Notes Indenture.

"Convertible Notes Indenture" means the First Supplemental Indenture between Parent and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, dated as of February 1, 2017, as in effect on the Closing Date.
"Credit Bid" has the meaning set forth in Section 14.9.
"Deed of Movable Hypothec" means a deed of hypothec charging the movable (personal) property of a Loan Party pursuant to the Civil Code, in the event that any of the Loan Parties own movable (personal) property in Quebec.

"Default" means any event or circumstance which with notice or passage of time, or both, would constitute an Event of Default.

"Default Rate" has the meaning set forth in Section 3.1.
"Defaulting Lender" means any Lender that (a) has failed, within one Business Day of the date required to be funded or paid, to (i) fund any portion of its Loans or (ii) pay over to Agent or any other Lender any other amount required to be paid by it hereunder, (b) has notified Borrower Representative or Agent in writing, or it or its parent has made a public statement, to the effect that it does not intend or expect to comply with any of its funding obligations under this Agreement or generally under other agreements in which it or its parent commits to extend credit, (c) has failed, within two
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Business Days after request by Agent, acting in good faith, to provide a certification in writing from an authorized officer of such Lender that it will comply with its obligations (and is financially able to meet such obligations) to fund prospective Loans under this Agreement, provided









































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"E-Signature" means the process of attaching to or logically associating with an Approved Electronic Communication an electronic symbol, encryption, digital signature or process (including the name or an abbreviation of the name of the party transmitting the Approved Electronic Communication) with the intent to sign, authenticate or accept such Approved Electronic Communication.
"Early Termination Fee" has the meaning set forth in Section 3.2(e).
"EBITDA" means, for the applicable period, for the Parent and its Subsidiaries, solely to the extent included in the “North American” and “Corporate” portions of Parent’s consolidated financial statements (“EBITDA Parties”) on a consolidated basis, the sum of (a) Net Income, plus (b) Interest Expense deducted in the calculation of such Net Income, plus (c) taxes on income, whether paid, payable or accrued, deducted in the calculation of such Net Income, plus (d) depreciation expense deducted in the calculation of such Net Income, plus (e) amortization expense deducted in the calculation of such Net Income, plus (f) any other non-cash charges that have been deducted in the calculation of such Net Income, plus (g) any cash transfers by any Subsidiary of Parent that is not a Loan Party to any Loan Party plus (h) any extraordinary charges for such period[reserved], plus (i) interest-equivalent costs associated with any Specified Vendor Receivables Financing for such period, whether accounted for as interest expense or loss on the sale of receivables, plus (j) all losses during such period that relate to the retirement of Indebtedness, plus (k) fees, costs and expenses in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and any other financing transaction consummated during such period, plus (l) fees and expenses in connection with the issuance or offering of Equity Interests or any Indebtedness (in each case, whether or not consummated); provided that the aggregate amount added to EBITDA pursuant to this clause (l), together with clauses (m), (o) and (q) shall not exceed $8,000,000 for all periods, plus (m) costs and expenses of professional fees of the Borrowers or of any Agent or Lender to the extent the Borrowers are required to reimburse such Agent or Lender therefor); provided that the aggregate amount added to EBITDA pursuant to this clause (m), together with clauses (l), (o) and (q) shall not exceed $8,000,000 for all periods, plus (n) unusual or nonrecurring expenses or costs, including restructuring, moving and severance expense, provided that the aggregate amount added to EBITDA pursuant to this clause (n) shall not exceed $10,000,000 in any four Fiscal Quarter period, plus (o) fees, costs and expenses incurred in connection with any proposed asset sale (whether or not consummated); andprovided that the aggregate amount added to EBITDA pursuant to this clause (o), together with clauses (l), (m) and (q) shall not exceed $8,000,000 for all periods, plus (p) non-cash losses on asset sales; and plus (q) any fees, costs and expenses in connection with the maintenance and/or forgiveness of the PPP Loan, provided that the aggregate amount added to EBITDA pursuant to this clause (q), together with clauses (l), (m) and (o) shall not exceed $8,000,000 for all periods. For purposes of calculating EBITDA, pro forma effect shall be given to any Significant Transaction. Any such pro forma calculations may include operating and other expense reductions and other adjustments for such period resulting from any sale, transfer, lease or other disposition of assets that is being given pro forma effect to the extent that such operating and other expense reductions and other adjustments would be permitted pursuant to Article XI of Regulation S-X under the Securities Act of 1933 (“Regulation S-X”) minus (h) any other non-cash gains that have been added in the calculation of such Net Income.
"Eligible Account" means, at any time of determination and subject to the criteria below, an Account of a Borrower, which was generated and billed by a Borrower in the Ordinary Course of Business, and which Agent, in its Permitted Discretion, shall not deem not to be an Eligible Account. The net amount of an Eligible Account at any time shall be the face amount of such Eligible Account as originally billed minus all customer deposits, unapplied cash collections and other Proceeds of such Account received from or on behalf of the Account Debtor thereunder as of
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"ERISA" means the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 and all rules, regulations and orders promulgated thereunder.
"ERISA Affiliate" means any trade or business (whether or not incorporated) under common control with a Loan Party within the meaning of Section 414(b) or (c) of the Code (and Sections 414(m) and (o) of the Code for purposes of provisions relating to Section 412 of the Code and Section 302 of ERISA).

"ERISA Event" means: (a) a Reportable Event with respect to a Pension Plan; (b) the withdrawal of any Loan Party or any ERISA Affiliate from a Pension Plan subject to Section 4063 of ERISA during a plan year in which such entity was a "substantial employer" as defined in Section 4001(a)(2) of ERISA or a cessation of operations that is treated as such a withdrawal under Section 4062(e) of ERISA; (c) a complete or partial withdrawal by a Loan Party or any ERISA Affiliate from a Multiemployer Plan or notification that a Multiemployer Plan is insolvent within the meaning of Title IV of ERISA or is in endangered or critical status within the meaning of Section 305 of ERISA or the failure by any Loan Party or any ERISA Affiliate to make any required contribution to a Multiemployer Plan; (d) the filing of a notice of intent to terminate a Pension Plan or the treatment of a Pension Plan amendment as a termination under Section 4041 or 4041A of ERISA; (e) the institution by the PBGC of proceedings to terminate a Pension Plan; (f) any event or condition which could reasonably be expected to constitute grounds under Section 4042 of ERISA for the termination of, or the appointment of a trustee to administer, any Pension Plan; (g) the determination that any Pension Plan is considered an at-risk plan or a plan in endangered or critical status within the meaning of Sections 430, 431 and 432 of the Code or Sections 303, 304 and 305 of ERISA; or (h) the imposition of any liability under Title IV of ERISA, other than for PBGC premiums due but not delinquent under Section 4007 of ERISA, upon a Loan Party or any ERISA Affiliate.

"Event of Default" has the meaning set forth in Section 11.1.
"Excess Availability" means the amount, calculated at any date, equal to the (a) the lesser of (i) the Maximum Revolving Facility Amount minus Reserves and (ii) the Borrowing Base, minus (b) the sum of (i) the outstanding balance of all Revolving Loans and the Letter of Credit Balance plus (ii) fees and expenses payable pursuant to Section 3.2(c) which are due and unpaid.

"Excluded Property" has the meaning set forth in Section 5.1.
"Excluded Taxes" means any of the following Taxes imposed on or with respect to a Recipient or required to be withheld or deducted from a payment to a Recipient: (a) Taxes imposed on or measured by net income (however denominated), franchise Taxes, and branch profits Taxes, in each case, (i) imposed as a result of such Recipient being organized under the laws of, or having its principal office or, in the case of Agent or any Lender, its Lending Office located in, the jurisdiction imposing such Tax (or any political subdivision thereof), or (ii) that are Other Connection Taxes; (b) in the case of a Lender, U.S. federal withholding Taxes imposed on amounts payable to or for the account of such Lender with respect to an applicable interest in a Loan or Commitment pursuant to a law in effect on the date on which (i) such Lender acquires such interest in the Loan or Commitment (other than pursuant to an assignment request by any Borrower) or (ii) such Lender changes its lending office, except in each case to the extent that, pursuant to Section 13, amounts with respect to such Taxes were payable to such Lender’s assignor immediately before such Lender became a party hereto or to such Lender immediately before it changed its lending office; (c) Taxes attributable to such Recipient’s failure to comply with Section 13(e), (d) any Taxes imposed pursuant to FATCA, or
(e) any Canadian withholding Taxes resulting from (i) a Lender not dealing at arm’s length within the
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meaning of the ITA with a Loan Party or (ii) a Lender being, or not dealing at arm’s length with, a “Specified Shareholder” within the meaning of Section 18(5) of the ITA of a Loan Party.

"Existing Credit Agreement" means the Amended and Restated Loan Agreement, dated as of December 22, 2015, by and among the Obligors (as defined therein), the several banks and other financial institutions or entities party thereto, Bank of America, N.A., as Administrative Agent, and the other parties thereto, as amended, restated, supplemented, otherwise modified from time to time.

"FATCA" means Sections 1471 through 1474 of the Code, as of the date of this Agreement (or any amended or successor version that is substantively comparable and not materially more onerous to comply with) and any current or future regulations or official interpretations thereof, any agreements entered into pursuant to Section 1471(b)(1) of the Code and any fiscal or regulatory legislation, rules or practices adopted pursuant to any intergovernmental agreement, treaty or convention among Governmental Authorities and implementing such Sections of the Code.

Fee Lettermeans that certain fee letter, dated the Closing Date, among the Borrowers and the Agent, as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time.

"FIRREA" means the Financial Institutions Reform, Recovery and Enforcement Act of 1989, as amended.

First Lien Term Loan Agent” means JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. in its capacity as agent for the lenders under the First Lien Term Loan Agreement, and its successors and assigns including under any replacement or refinancing with respect thereto.

First Lien Term Loan Agreementmeans that certain Term Loan Credit Agreement dated as of June 30, 2015 among First Lien Term Loan Agent, the First Lien Term Loan Lenders, the Parent, and the other parties thereto, as amended, restated, supplemented, replaced, refinanced or otherwise modified from time to time pursuant to the terms therein and as permitted by this Agreement and the Intercreditor Agreement.

First Lien Term Loan Debt” means the Indebtedness and “Obligations ” (as defined under the First Lien Term Loan Agreement) evidenced by the First Lien Term Loan Documents.
First Lien Term Loan Documentsmeans collectively (a) the First Lien Term Loan Agreement and (b) all other agreements, instruments, documents and certificates executed and delivered to, or in favor of, the First Lien Term Loan Agent or the First Lien Term Loan Lenders in connection therewith.

First Lien Term Loan Lendersmeans the lenders party to the First Lien Term Loan Agreement.
First Lien Term Loan Security Documents” means, collectively, the Guarantee and Collateral Agreement (as defined in the First Lien Term Loan Agreement), the Mortgages (as defined in the First Lien Term Loan Agreement) and all other security documents delivered to the First Lien Term Loan Agent granting a Lien on any property of any Person to secure the obligations and liabilities of any Obligor under the First Lien Term Loan Agreement or the Guarantee and Collateral Agreement (as defined in the First Lien Term Loan Agreement), as such documents may be


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amended, restated, supplemented, replaced, refinanced or otherwise modified from time to time in accordance with terms therein and this Agreement and the Intercreditor Agreement.

"Fiscal Year" means the fiscal year of Borrowers which ends on December 31 of each
year.
"Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio" means, for the period in question, the ratio of (a)
EBITDA minus unfinanced Capital Expenditures of the Financial Covenant Parties on a consolidated basis for such period, to (b) Fixed Charges for such period.

"Fixed Charges" means, for the period in question, on a consolidated basis, the sum of
(a) all principal payments scheduled to be made during or with respect to such period in cash in respect of Indebtedness of the Financial Covenant Parties, plus (b) all Interest Expense of the Financial Covenant Parties for such period paid in cash attributable to such period, plus (c) all taxes of the Financial Covenant Parties paid in cash for such period and plus (d) all cash distributions (including Permitted Tax Distributions, if applicable), dividends, redemptions and other cash payments made with respect to equity securities or subordinated debt issued by the Financial Covenant Parties, minus (e) all cash investments made in cash by any Loan Party to any Subsidiary of Parent that is not a Loan Party to the extent permitted under clauses (b) and (c) of the definition of Permitted Investment.

"Foreign Subsidiary" means any Subsidiary that is not a Loan Party organized or incorporated under the laws of a jurisdiction of the United States, any State thereof, or the District of Columbia or Canada.
"FRB" means the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System or any successor thereto.
"Funding Account" has the meaning set forth in Section 2.3(b).
"GAAP" means generally accepted accounting principles set forth from time to time
in the opinions and pronouncements of the Accounting Principles Board and the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants and statements and pronouncements of the Financial Accounting Standards Board (or agencies with similar functions of comparable stature and authority within the United States accounting profession) which are applicable to the circumstances as of the date of determination, in each case consistently applied.
"Governing Documents" means, with respect to any Person, the certificate of incorporation, articles of incorporation, certificate of formation, certificate of limited partnership, by-laws, operating agreement, limited liability company agreement, limited partnership agreement or other similar governance document of such Person.

"Governmental Authority" means the government of the United States of America, Canada, Mexico or any other nation, or of any political subdivision thereof, whether state or local, and any agency, authority, instrumentality, regulatory body, court, central bank or other entity exercising executive, legislative, judicial, taxing, regulatory or administrative powers or functions of or pertaining to government (including any supra-national bodies such as the European Union or the European Central Bank) and having jurisdiction over this account.

“Guarantor” and “Guarantors” has the meaning set forth in the preamble to this
Agreement.
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"Guaranty" or "Guaranteed", as applied to any Indebtedness, liability or other obligation, means (a) a guaranty, directly or indirectly, in any manner, including by way of endorsement (other than endorsements of negotiable instruments for collection in the Ordinary Course of Business), of any part or all of such Indebtedness, liability or obligation and (b) an agreement, contingent or otherwise, and whether or not constituting a guaranty, assuring, or intended to assure, the payment or performance (or payment of damages in the event of non-performance) of any part or all of such Indebtedness, liability or obligation by any means (including the purchase of securities or obligations, the purchase or sale of property or services or the supplying of funds).
Guarantor Payment” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.12(f)(i).
Hedging Agreement” any interest rate protection agreement, foreign currency exchange agreement, commodity price protection agreement or other interest or currency exchange rate or commodity price hedging arrangement.
“Horizon Americas” has the meaning set forth in the preamble to this Agreement. “Horizon Global” has the meaning set forth in the preamble to this Agreement. "Indebtedness" means of any Person means, without duplication, (a) all obligations of
such Person for borrowed money or with respect to advances of any kind, (b) all obligations of such Person evidenced by bonds, debentures, notes or similar instruments, (c) all obligations of such Person upon which interest charges are customarily paid, (d) all obligations of such Person under conditional sale or other title retention agreements relating to property acquired by such Person, (e) all obligations of such Person in respect of the deferred purchase price of property or services (excluding current accounts payable incurred in the ordinary course of business and not more than ninety (90) days past due), (f) all Indebtedness of others secured by (or for which the holder of such Indebtedness has an existing right, contingent or otherwise, to be secured by) any Lien on property owned or acquired by such Person, whether or not the Indebtedness secured thereby has been assumed, (g) all Guarantees by such Person of Indebtedness of others, (h) all CapitalCapitalized Lease obligations of such Person, (i) all obligations, contingent or otherwise, of such Person as an account party in respect of letters of credit and letters of guaranty, (j) all obligations, contingent or otherwise, of such Person in respect of bankers’ acceptances and (k) solely for purposes of Section 8.04 hereof, any and all payment obligations of such Person under or Guarantee by such Person with respect to any Hedging Agreement. The Indebtedness of any Person shall include the Indebtedness of any other entity (including any partnership in which such Person is a general partner) to the extent such Person is liable therefor as a result of such Person’s ownership interest in or other relationship with such entity, except to the extent the terms of such Indebtedness provide that such Person is not liable therefor. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this paragraph, the term “Indebtedness” shall not include (a) agreements providing for indemnification, purchase price adjustments or similar obligations incurred or assumed in connection with the acquisition or disposition of assets or capital stock and (b) trade payables and accrued expenses in each case arising in the ordinary course of business.
"Indemnified Taxes" means (a) Taxes, other than Excluded Taxes, imposed on or with respect to any payment made by or on account of any obligation of any Loan Party under any Loan Document and (b) to the extent not otherwise described in clause (a), Other Taxes.

"Intellectual Property" means the collective reference to all rights, priorities and privileges relating to intellectual property, whether arising under United States, Canadian, multinational or foreign laws or otherwise, including copyrights, copyright licenses, patents, patent
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licenses, trademarks and trademark licenses and all rights to sue at law or in equity for any infringement or other impairment thereof, including the right to receive all proceeds and damages therefrom.
"Interest Expense" means, for the applicable period, for the Loan Parties on a consolidated basis, total interest expense (including interest attributable to Capitalized Leases in accordance with GAAP) and fees with respect to outstanding Indebtedness.

"In-Transit Sublimit" means the amount set forth in Section 1(d)(iii) of Annex I.
"Inventory Advance Rate" means the percentage(s) set forth in Section 1(b)(ii) of
Annex I.
"Inventory Sublimit" means the amount set forth in Section 1(d)(i) of Annex I.
Investment Grade Account Debtor” means, as of any date of determination, any
Account Debtor whose securities are rated BBB- or better by S&P or Baa3 or better by Moody’s, in each case, as of such date of determination

"Investment Property" means the collective reference to (a) all "investment property" as such term is defined in Section 9-102 of the UCC or, in the case of the Canadian Borrowers, the PPSA, as applicable), (b) all "financial assets" as such term is defined in Section 8-102(a)(9) of the UCC (or, in the case of the Canadian Borrowers, the PPSA, as applicable) and (c) whether or not constituting "investment property" as so defined, all Pledged Equity.

"Issuers" means the collective reference to each issuer of Investment Property.
ITA” means the Income Tax Act (Canada), as amended.
Intercreditor Agreement” means the Amended and Restated Intercreditor Agreement, dated as of the Closing Date,February 2, 2021, between the Term Loan AgentsAgent and Agent, acknowledged by the Loan Parties and relating to the Term Loan Debt, as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time in accordance with the terms thereof.
"Lender" means each Person listed on the Commitment Schedule and any other Person that shall have become a Lender hereunder pursuant to an Assignment and Assumption, other than any such Person that ceases to be a Lender hereunder pursuant to an Assignment and Assumption. Unless the context expressly provides otherwise, "Lender" shall include the Swingline Lender.

"Letter of Credit" has the meaning set forth in Section 2.1(a).

"Letter of Credit Balance" means the sum of (a) the aggregate undrawn face amount of all outstanding Letters of Credit and (b) all interest, fees and costs due in connection therewith.

"Letter of Credit Limit" means the amount set forth in Section 1(c) of Annex I.

"LIBOR Loan" means any Loan which bears interest at a rate determined by reference to the LIBOR Rate.
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Electrical MX, as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time pursuant to the terms therein and as permitted by this Agreement.
"Material Adverse Effect" a material adverse effect on (a) the business, operations, properties, assets, financial condition, liabilities (actual or contingent), or material agreements of the Loan Parties, taken as a whole, (b) the ability of any Loan Party in any material respect to perform any of its obligations under any Loan Document or, (c) the rights of or benefits available to Agent or Lenders under any Loan Document or the validity or priority of Agent’s Liens on any Collateral, or (d) the legality, validity, binding effect or enforceability against any Loan Party of any Loan Document.
"Maturity Date" means the earliest of (i) Scheduled Maturity Date, (ii) the Termination Date, (iii) 90 days prior to the maturity of any portion of the Term Loan Debt as may be in effect from time to time) or (iv) such earlier date as the Obligations may be accelerated in accordance with the terms of this Agreement (including pursuant to Section 11.2).

Material Debtmeans (a) the Term Loan Debt and (b) any other Indebtedness (other than the Loans and Letters of Credit), or obligations in respect of one or more Hedging Agreements, of any one or more of the Parent and its Subsidiaries in an aggregate principal amount exceeding
$5,000,000. For purposes of determining Material Debt, the “principal amount” of the obligations of the Parent or any Subsidiary in respect of any Hedging Agreement at any time shall be the maximum aggregate amount (giving effect to any netting agreements) that the Parent or such Subsidiary would be required to pay if such Hedging Agreement were terminated at such time.

"Maximum Lawful Rate" has the meaning set forth in Section 3.5.

"Maximum Liability" has the meaning set forth in Section 12.9.

"Maximum Revolving Facility Amount" means the amount set forth in Section 1(a)
of Annex I.
"Mexican Asset Pledges" means, collectively, (i) two non-possessory pledge
agreements (contratos de prenda sin transmisión de posesión) satisfactory to the Agent, pursuant to which the Mexican Guarantors have pledged and granted a first priority Lien in favor of the Agent over all or substantially all of the present and future pledged assets (Bienes Pignorados, as defined therein), including, without limitation, Inventory, Equipment, intellectual property, bank accounts, among others; and (ii) one non-possessory pledge agreement (contrato de prenda sin transmisión de posesión) satisfactory to the Agent, pursuant to which Horizon Americas has pledged and granted a first priority Lien in favor of the Agent over all of Horizon Americas’ Inventory located in Mexico and any other pledged assets (Bienes Pignorados, as defined therein), in each case as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time.

“Mexican Guarantors” means, collectively, Cequent Electrical MX and Cequent
Sales MX.
"Mexican Inventory Sublimit" means the amount set forth in Section 1(d)(ii) of Annex I.

"Mexican Security Documents" means the Mexican Asset Pledges and all other
documents, instruments and agreements governed by the laws of Mexico now or hereafter securing
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Person so acquired is engaged in, as the case may be, a business of the type conducted by the Parent and its Subsidiaries on the date of execution of this Agreement or in a business reasonably related thereto and (c) immediately after giving effect thereto, (i) no Default or Event of Default has occurred and is continuing or would result therefrom, (ii) all transactions related thereto are consummated in all material respects in accordance with applicable laws and (iii) the Borrower Representative shall have delivered to the Agent all relevant financial information for the Person or assets to be acquired in form and substance satisfactory to the Agent; provided, that, notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, in no event shall any acquisition, whether by purchase, merger, consolidation or otherwise, by any Mexican Guarantor of all or substantially all of the assets of, or all of the Equity Interests in, a Person or a division, line of business or other business unit of a Person be considered a “Permitted Acquisition” hereunder.
"Permitted Discretion" means a determination made by Agent in good faith and in the exercise of reasonable (from the perspective of an asset-based secured lender) business judgment.
"Permitted Holders" means Corre Opportunities Qualified Master Funds, LP and its controlled investment affiliates.
"Permitted Indebtedness" means:
(a)the Obligations;

(b)the Indebtedness existing on the date hereof described in Schedules 16(a) and (b) of
the Perfection Certificate; in each case along with any Permitted Refinancing thereof;

(c)Capitalized Leases and purchase-money Indebtedness secured by Permitted Liens in
an aggregate amount not exceeding $2,000,000 at any time outstanding;

(d)Indebtedness incurred as a result of endorsing negotiable instruments received in the
Ordinary Course of Business;
(e)First Lien Term Loan Debt, Second Lien Term Loan Debt and any Permitted
Refinancing Indebtedness in respect of any of the foregoing, in all cases, subject to the terms of the Intercreditor Agreement;
(f)any Specified Vendor Receivables Financings in existence on the Closing Date and
set forth on the Perfection Certificate and any Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness with respect thereto;

(g)the Subordinated Debt owing by any Loan Party at any time outstanding and then
solely to the extent the Subordinated Debt is subject to, and permitted by, the Subordinated Debt Subordination Agreement;

(h)unsecured Indebtedness of a Borrower to any Subsidiary so long as such
Indebtedness is subordinated to the Obligations on terms and conditions reasonably satisfactory to the Agent;
(i)Guarantees by a Borrower of Indebtedness of a Subsidiary, provided that such
guarantee is permitted by Section 8.3; and
(j)Indebtedness between any Loan Party and any of the Mexican Guarantors permitted
under the Maquila Services Agreement. ; and
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(k)Guarantees by a Loan Party of the ABN AMRO Factoring Agreement in an
aggregate amount not exceed $15,000,000.

"Permitted Investments" means:
(a)investments outstanding on the Closing Date described in Schedule P-1 hereto;

(b)cash investments by any Loan Party in any other Loan Party or any Subsidiary of a
Loan Party on account of Equity Interests;

(c)cash loans or advances made by any Loan Party to any Subsidiary and made by any
Subsidiary to a Loan Party or any other Subsidiary, provided that (i) any such Equity Interests held by a Loan Party shall be pledged to the Agent as and to the extent required by the Term Loan Agreement and (ii) no Loan Parties shall make investments in or loans or advances to Subsidiaries that are not Loan Parties in an amount at any time outstanding in excess of $5,000,000;

(d)Guaranties constituting Indebtedness permitted by Section 8.4;

(e)leases of real or personal property in the Ordinary Course of Business and in
accordance with the terms and conditions of this Agreement;

(f)investments constituting deposits described in Permitted Liens;
(g)direct obligations of, or obligations the principal of and interest on which are
unconditionally guaranteed by, the United States of America (or by any agency thereof to the extent such obligations are backed by the full faith and credit of the United States of America), in each case maturing within one year from the date of acquisition thereof;
(h)investments in commercial paper maturing within one year from the date of
acquisition thereof and having, at such date of acquisition, the highest credit rating obtainable from S&P or from Moody’s;
(i)investments in certificates of deposit, banker’s acceptances and time deposits
maturing within one year from the date of acquisition thereof issued or guaranteed by or placed with, and money market deposit accounts issued or offered by, any domestic office of any commercial bank organized under the laws of the United States of America or any State thereof that has a combined capital and surplus and undivided profits of not less than $500,000,000;
(j)fully collateralized repurchase agreements with a term of not more than 30 days for
securities described in clause (g) above and entered into with a financial institution satisfying the criteria described in clause (i) above;
(k)securities issued by any state of the United States of America or any political
subdivision of any such state or any public instrumentality thereof having maturities of not more than six months from the date of acquisition thereof and, at the time of acquisition, having the highest credit rating obtainable from S&P or from Moody’s;

(l)securities issued by any foreign government or any political subdivision of any
foreign government or any public instrumentality thereof having maturities of not more than six months from the date of acquisition thereof and, at the time of acquisition, having the highest credit rating obtainable from S&P or from Moody’s;
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(m)investments of the same quality as those identified on Schedule P-1 as “Qualified Foreign Investments” made in the Ordinary Course of Business;
(n)cash; and
(o)investments in funds that invest solely in one or more types of securities described in
clauses (g), (k) and (l) above;

    provided, however, that notwithstanding anything to the contrary set forth herein in no event shall Borrower or any Subsidiary make an Investment of Intellectual Property that could reasonably be deemed to be material to the business of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries to any Subsidiary that has not guaranteed the Obligations and otherwise satisfied the obligations of a Loan Party under Section 53 of this Agreement.

Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, no investment between any Loan Party and any of the Mexican Guarantors shall be considered a “Permitted Investment” unless such investment is expressly permitted under the Maquila Services Agreement.

"Permitted Liens" means
(a)Liens securing CapitalCapitalized Leases and purchase-money security interests, in
each case, on specific items of Equipment securing Permitted Indebtedness described under clause (c) of the definition of Permitted Indebtedness;

(b)liens for taxes, fees, assessments, or other governmental charges or levies, either not
delinquent or being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings (which proceedings have the effect of preventing the enforcement of such lien) for which adequate reserves in accordance with GAAP are being maintained provided the same have no priority over any of Agent's security interests;

(c)liens of materialmen, mechanics, carriers, or other similar liens arising in the
Ordinary Course of Business and securing obligations which are not delinquent or are being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings (which proceedings have the effect of preventing the enforcement of such lien) for which adequate reserves in accordance with GAAP are being maintained;

(d)liens which constitute banker's liens, rights of set-off, or similar rights as to deposit
accounts or other funds maintained with a bank or other financial institution (but only to the extent such banker's liens, rights of set-off or other rights are in respect of customary service charges relative to such deposit accounts and other funds, and not in respect of any loans or other extensions of credit by such bank or other financial institution to any Loan Party);

(e)cash deposits or pledges of an aggregate amount not to exceed $5,000,000 to secure
the payment of worker's compensation, unemployment insurance, or other social security benefits or obligations, public or statutory obligations, surety or appeal bonds, bid or performance bonds, or other obligations of a like nature incurred in the Ordinary Course of Business;

(f)easements, zoning restrictions, rights-of-way and similar encumbrances on real
property imposed by law or arising in the ordinary course of business that do not secure any monetary obligations and do not materially detract from the value of the affected property or interfere with the ordinary conduct of business of the Loan Parties;
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(g)ground leases in respect of real property on which facilities owned or leased by any
Loan Party are located;

(h)Liens in favor orof customs and revenue authorities arising as a matter of law to
secure payment of customs duties in connection with the importation of goods in the ordinary course of business;
(i)leases or subleases granted to other Persons and not interfering in any material
respect with the business of the Loan Parties, taken as a whole;
(j)judgment Liens in respect of judgments that do not constitute an Event of Default;

(k)Liens in favor of a landlord on leasehold improvements in leased premises;

(l)Liens securing any portion of the Term Loan Debt as permitted by, and subject to,
the Intercreditor Agreement; and
(m)Liens on any property or asset of the Loan Parties existing on the date hereof and set forth on Schedule P-2 hereto, provided that (i) such Lien shall not apply to any other property or asset of the Loan Parties and (ii) such Lien shall secure only those obligations which it secures on the date hereof and any Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness thereof.

“Permitted Refinancing Indebtednessmeans any Indebtedness of a Loan Party issued in exchange for, or the net proceeds of which are used to extend, refinance, renew, replace, defease or refund other Indebtedness of the Loan Party; provided that (a) the principal amount (or accreted value, if applicable) of such Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness does not exceed the principal amount (or accreted value, if applicable) of the Indebtedness so extended, refinanced, renewed, replaced, defeased or refunded (plus all accrued interest thereon and the amount of any reasonable expenses incurred in connection therewith), (b) such Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness has a final maturity date later than the final maturity date of the Indebtedness being extended, refinanced, renewed, replaced, defeased or refunded, and an average life to maturity greater than the average life to maturity of the Indebtedness being extended, refinanced, renewed, replaced, defeased or refunded, (c) if the Indebtedness being extended, refinanced, renewed, replaced, defeased or refunded is contractually subordinated in right of payment to the Obligations, such Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness is contractually subordinated in right of payment to the Obligations on terms at least as favorable to the Lenders as those contained in the documentation governing the Indebtedness being extended, refinanced, renewed, replaced, defeased or refunded, (d) if the Indebtedness being extended, refinanced, renewed, replaced, defeased or refunded is pari passu in right of payment with the Obligations or any guarantee therefor, such Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness is pari passu in right of payment with, or subordinated in right of payment to, the Obligations or such guarantee, and, in any event, such Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness shall not have a higher priority with respect to payments or collateral than the Indebtedness being extended, refinanced, renewed, replaced, defeased or refunded; (e) the terms and conditions of such Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness shall be no more materially restrictive, when taken as a whole, than the terms and conditions of the Indebtedness being extended, refinanced, renewed, replaced, defeased or refunded (and, to the extent the Indebtedness being extended, refinanced, renewed, replaced, defeased or refunded permits the payment of any interest thereon “in kind”, the Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness thereof shall likewise permit the payment of interest “in kind”), (f) such Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness is not incurred or guaranteed by any Person who is not an obligor under the Indebtedness being extended, refinanced, renewed, replaced, defeased or refunded and is not secured by any property that does not secure the Indebtedness being extended, refinanced, renewed, replaced, defeased or refunded and, if secured, shall not be secured at a higher priority than the Indebtedness being extended, refinanced, renewed, replaced,
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"Protective Advances" has the meaning set forth in Section 2.2(a).
Qualified Parent Preferred Stock” any preferred Equity Interests of Parent (i) that does not provide for any cash dividend payments or other cash distributions in respect thereof prior to the Maturity Date in effect as of the date of issuance of such Equity Interests and (ii) that by its terms (or by the terms of any security into which it is convertible or for which it is exchangeable or exercisable) or upon the happening of any event does not (x) mature or become mandatorily redeemable pursuant to a sinking fund obligation or otherwise, (y) become convertible or exchangeable at the option of the holder thereof for Indebtedness or preferred stock that is not Qualified Parent Preferred Stock or (z) become redeemable at the option of the holder thereof (other than as a result of a change of control event), in whole or in part, in each case on or prior to the date that is 365 days after the Maturity Date in effect at the time of the issuance thereof; provided that the terms of such preferred stock or preferred equity interests shall provided that upon a default thereof, the remedies of the holders thereof shall be limited to the right to additional representation on the board of directors of Parent. Qualified Parent Preferred Stock shall include the preferred Equity Interests of Parent issued to the Second Lien Term Loan Lenders pursuant to the Second Lien Term Loan Agreement and the other Second Lien Term Loan Documents.
"Recipient" means any Agent, any Lender, any Participant, or any other recipient of any payment to be made by or on account of any Obligation of any Loan Party under this Agreement or any other Loan Document, as applicable.
"Register" has the meaning set forth in Section 15.9(c).
"Released Parties" has the meaning set forth in Section 10.1.

Relevant Percentage” has the meaning set forth in Section 12.10.
"Replacement Lender" has the meaning set forth in Section 3(c).
Rent and Charges Reservemeans the aggregate of (a) all past due rent and other amounts owing by a. Borrower to any landlord, warehouseman, processor, repairman, mechanic, shipper, freight forwarder, broker or other Person who possesses any ABL Priority Collateral or could assert a Lien on any ABL Priority Collateral; and (b) a reserve at least equal to two months’ rent and other charges that could be payable to any such Person, unless it has executed a Lien Waiver.

"Reportable Event" means any of the events set forth in Section 4043(c) of ERISA, other than events for which the thirty-day notice period has been waived.

Required Conditions” means, on any applicable date of determination with respect to any proposed transaction(s) as to which satisfaction of such Required Conditions is a requirement under this Agreement: (i) no Event of Default shall exist or shall have occurred and be continuing on such date, or would occur after giving effect to or as a result of such proposed transaction(s), and (ii) each of the following shall be satisfied: (A) Borrowers’ Excess Availability for the 30 days preceding such transaction or payment and on the proposed date of such proposed transaction or payment shall be greater than ten percent (10%) of the Maximum Revolving Facility Amount as in effect on the proposed date of such proposed transactions, and (B) the Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio of the Borrowers (as evidenced by a pro forma Compliance Certificate delivered to Agent) is greater than or equal to 1.10 to 1.00 for the trailing twelve month fiscal measurement period ended as of the last day of the most recently completed fiscal quarter for which financial statements have been delivered to Agent as required by Section 7.15(b)(ii) both (x) on an actual basis and (y) on a pro-forma basis for
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Person operating, organized or resident in a Sanctioned Country or (c) any Person owned or controlled by any such Person or Persons described in the foregoing clauses (a) or (b).

"Sanctions" means all economic or financial sanctions or trade embargoes imposed, administered or enforced from time to time by (a) the U.S. government, including those administered by the Office of Foreign Assets Control of the U.S. Department of the Treasury or the U.S. Department of State or (b) the Government of Canada, the United Nations Security Council, the European Union or Her Majesty’s Treasury of the United Kingdom.

"Scheduled Maturity Date" means the date set forth in Section 6 of Annex I.

Second Lien Term Loan Agent” means Cortland Capital Market Services LLC, in its capacity as agent for the lenders under the Second Lien Term Loan Agreement, and its successors and assigns including under any replacement or refinancing with respect thereto.
Second Lien Term Loan Agreementmeans that certain Second Lien Term Loan Credit Agreement, dated as of March 15, 2019, among Second Lien Term Loan Agent, the Second Lien Term Loan Lenders, the Parent, and the other parties thereto, as such document or the credit facility thereunder may be amended, restated, supplemented, replaced, refinanced or otherwise modified from time to time in accordance with the requirements therein and in this Agreement and of the Intercreditor Agreement.
Second Lien Term Loan Debtmeans the Indebtedness and “Obligations” (as defined under the Second Lien Term Loan Agreement) evidenced by the Second Lien Term Loan Documents.
Second Lien Term Loan Documents” means, collectively, (a) the Second Lien Term Loan Agreement and (b) all other agreements, instruments, documents and certificates executed and delivered to, or in favor of, the Second Lien Term Loan Agent or the Second Lien Term Loan Lenders in connection therewith.
Second Lien Term Loan Lendersmeans the lenders party to the Second Lien Term Loan Agreement.
Second Lien Term Loan Security Documents” means, collectively, the Guarantee and Collateral Agreement (as defined in the Second Lien Term Loan Agreement), the Mortgages (as defined in the Second Lien Term Loan Agreement) and all other security documents delivered to the Second Lien Term Loan Agent granting a Lien on any property of any Person to secure the obligations and liabilities of any Loan Party under the Second Lien Term Loan Agreement or the Guarantee and Collateral Agreement (as defined in the Second Lien Term Loan Agreement), as such documents may be amended, restated, supplemented, replaced, refinanced or otherwise modified from time to time in accordance with the requirements therein and in this Agreement and the Intercreditor Agreement.




"Securities Act" means the Securities of Act of 1933, as amended.

"Settlement" has the meaning set forth in Section 2.4(c).

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"Settlement Date" has the meaning set forth in Section 2.4(c).
Specified Account Debtorsmeans Advance Auto Parts, Affinia, AutoZone, Inc., AutoZone (MX), Carquest, Lowes Companies, Ozark Purchasing LLC, Pep Boys and Wal-Mart (and each of their respective Affiliates).

“Specified Vendor Receivables Financing” the sale by the Parent and certain Subsidiaries of accounts receivable to one or more financial institutions pursuant to third-party financing agreements in transactions constituting “true sales” pursuant to agreements listed in the Perfection Certificate on the Closing Date.

"Stated Rate" has the meaning set forth in Section 3.5.
"Subordinated Debt" means Indebtedness incurred by a Loan Party that is expressly subordinate and junior in right of payment to the payment in full of all Obligations, and is on terms (including maturity, interest, fees, repayment, covenants and subordination) satisfactory to Agent.

"Subordinated Debt Documents" means any notes, loan agreements or other documents governing Subordinated Debt.
"Subordinated Debt Subordination Agreement" means any subordination agreement entered into by a holder of Subordinated Debt in favor of Agent and Lenders.
"Subsidiary" means any corporation or other entity of which a Person owns, directly or indirectly, through one or more intermediaries, more than 50% of the capital stock or other Equity Interest at the time of determination. Unless the context indicates otherwise, references to a Subsidiary shall be deemed to refer to a Subsidiary of Borrower.

"Swingline Lender" means Encina Business Credit SPV, LLC, in its capacity as lender of Swingline Loans hereunder.

"Swingline Loans" has the meaning set forth in Section 2.4(a).
"Taxes" means all present or future taxes, levies, imposts, duties, deductions, withholdings (including backup withholding), assessments, fees or other charges imposed by any Governmental Authority, including any interest, additions to tax or penalties applicable thereto.

"Termination Date" means the date on which all of the Obligations have been paid in full in cash and all of Agent and Lenders' lending commitments under this Agreement and under each of the other Loan Documents have been terminated.

“Term Loan Agentsmeans the First Lien Term Loan Agent and the Second Lien Term Loan Agent.Agent” means Atlantic Park Strategic Capital Fund, L.P., in its capacity as agent for the lenders under the Term Loan Agreement, and its successors and assigns including under any replacement or refinancing with respect thereto.

Term Loan Agreementmeans that certain Credit Agreement dated as of February 2, 2021 among Term Loan Agent, the Term Loan Lenders, the Parent, and the other parties thereto, as amended, restated, supplemented, replaced, refinanced or otherwise modified from time to time pursuant to the terms therein and as permitted by this Agreement and the Intercreditor Agreement.
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Term Loan Agreements” means the First Lien Term Loan Agreement and the Second Lien Term Loan Agreement.DDL Proceeds Accountmeans a segregated DDA account that has been identified in writing to the Agent, and into which only proceeds of the Delayed Draw Term Loans (as defined in the Term Loan Agreement as in effect on February 2, 2021) shall be deposited, and into which no other funds are deposited or held.
Term Loan Debt” means First Lien Term Loan Debt and Second Lien Term Loan Debtthe Indebtedness and “Obligations” (as defined under the Term Loan Agreement) evidenced by the Term Loan Documents.

Term Loan Documentsmeans First Lien Term Loan Documents and Second Lien Term Loan Documentscollectively (a) the Term Loan Agreement and (b) all other agreements, instruments, documents and certificates executed and delivered to, or in favor of, the Term Loan Agent or the Term Loan Lenders in connection therewith.

Term Loan Lendersmeans First Lienthe lenders party to the Term Loan Lenders and Second Lien Term Loan LendersAgreement.

Term Loan Security Documents” means First Lien Term Loan Security Documents and Second Lien Term Loan Security Documents.Term Loan Security Documents” means, collectively, the Guarantee and Collateral Agreement (as defined in the Term Loan Agreement), the Mortgages (as defined in the Term Loan Agreement) and all other security documents delivered to the Term Loan Agent granting a Lien on any property of any Person to secure the obligations and liabilities of any Obligor under the Term Loan Agreement or the Guarantee and Collateral Agreement (as defined in the Term Loan Agreement), as such documents may be amended, restated, supplemented, replaced, refinanced or otherwise modified from time to time in accordance with terms therein and this Agreement and the Intercreditor Agreement.

Term Priority Collateralmeans the “Term Priority Collateral”, as defined in the Intercreditor Agreement.
"UCC" means, at any given time, the Uniform Commercial Code as adopted and in effect at such time in the State of New York or other applicable jurisdiction.

1.2 Accounting Terms and Determinations.
Unless otherwise specified herein, all accounting terms used herein shall be interpreted, all accounting determinations hereunder (including determinations made pursuant to the exhibits hereto) shall be made, and all financial statements required to be delivered hereunder shall be prepared on a consolidated basis in accordance with GAAP consistently applied. If at any time any change in GAAP would affect the computation of any financial ratio or financial requirement set forth in any Loan Document, and either Borrower Representative or Agent shall so request, Required Lenders and Borrower Representative shall negotiate in good faith to amend such ratio or requirement to preserve the original intent thereof in light of such change in GAAP; provided that, until so amended, (a) such ratio or requirement shall continue to be computed in accordance with GAAP prior to such change therein and (b) Borrower Representative shall provide to Agent and Lenders financial statements and other documents required under this Agreement and the other Loan Documents which include a reconciliation between calculations of such ratio or requirement made before and after giving effect to such change in GAAP. Notwithstanding any other provision contained herein, all terms of an accounting or financial nature used herein shall be construed, and all computations of amounts and ratios referred to herein shall be made, without giving effect to any election under
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(e)since December 31, 2018, no event shall have occurred which has had, or could
reasonably be expected to have, a Material Adverse Effect;

(f)Borrowers shall have paid to Agent all fees due on the date hereof, and shall have
paid or reimbursed Agent for all of Agent's costs, charges and expenses incurred through the Closing Date; and
(g)Lender shall have received PDFs of the following that shall have been delivered to
the Term Loan AgentsAgent: (i) original stock certificates or other certificates evidencing the Pledged Equity pledged pursuant to the Security Documents (as defined in the Term Loan Documents), together with an undated stock (or equivalent) power for each such certificate duly executed in blank by the registered owner thereof and (ii) each original promissory note pledged pursuant to the Security Documents (as defined in the Term Loan Documents), if any, together with an undated endorsement for each such promissory note duly executed in blank by the holder thereof.

4.2 Conditions to all Loans and/or Letters of Credit. No Lender shall be obligated to fund any Loans or cause any Letters of Credit to be issued, unless the following conditions are satisfied:
(a)Borrower Representative shall have provided to Agent such information as Agent
may require in order to determine the then Borrowing Base, which shall be satisfied pursuant to satisfaction of the then current delivery requirements set forth in Section 7.15(a), (b) and (c);

(b)each of the representations and warranties set forth in this Agreement and in the other
Loan Documents shall be true and correct in all respects as of the date such Loan is made and such Letter of Credit is issued (or, to the extent any representations or warranties are expressly made solely as of an earlier date, such representations and warranties shall be true and correct as of such earlier date), both before and after giving effect thereto;
(c) no Default or Event of Default shall be in existence, both before and after giving effect thereto; and
(d) no event shall have occurred or circumstance shall exist that has or could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.
Each request (or deemed request) by Borrowers for funding of a Loan or issuance of a Letter of Credit shall constitute a representation by each Borrower that the foregoing conditions are satisfied on the date of such request and on the date of such funding or issuance.
5.COLLATERAL.

5.1 Grant of Security Interest. To secure the full payment and performance of all of the Obligations, each Loan Party hereby collaterally assigns to Agent and grants to Agent, for itself and on behalf of the Lenders, a continuing security interest in all property of each Loan Party, whether tangible or intangible, real or personal, now or hereafter owned, existing, acquired or arising and wherever now or hereafter located, and whether or not eligible for lending purposes, including: (a) all Accounts (whether or not Eligible Accounts) and all Goods whose sale, lease or other disposition by any Loan Party has given rise to Accounts and have been returned to, or repossessed or stopped in transit by, any Loan Party;(b) all Chattel Paper (including Electronic Chattel Paper), Instruments, Documents, and General Intangibles including all trade names, trade secrets, goodwill, registrations, licenses, software, franchises, customer lists, tax refund claims, claims against carriers and shippers, guaranty claims, contracts rights, payment intangibles, security interests, security deposits and rights to indemnification); (c) all Inventory
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(whether or not Eligible Inventory); (d) all Goods (other than Inventory), including Equipment, vehicles, and Fixtures; (e) all Investment Property, including all rights, privileges, authority, and powers of each Loan Party as an owner or as a holder of Pledged Equity, including all economic rights, all control rights, authority and powers, and all status rights of each Loan Party as a member, equity holder or shareholder, as applicable, of each Issuer and any rights related to any Loan Party’s capital account within the Issuer in respect of Investment Property; (f) all Deposit Accounts, bank accounts, deposits, money and cash; (g) all Letter-of-Credit Rights; (h) all Commercial Tort Claims, including those listed in Schedule 13 of the Perfection Certificate (if any); (i) all Supporting Obligations; (j) all life insurance policies; (k) Intellectual Property; (l) Reserved; (m) any other property of any Loan Party now or hereafter in the possession, custody or control of Agent or any agent or any parent, Affiliate or Subsidiary of Agent, any Lender or any Participant with Lender in the Loans, for any purpose (whether for safekeeping, deposit, collection, custody, pledge, transmission or otherwise); and (n) all additions and accessions to, substitutions for, and replacements, products and Proceeds of the foregoing property, including proceeds of all insurance policies insuring the foregoing property (including hazard, flood and credit insurance), and all of each Loan Party's books and records relating to any of the foregoing and to any Loan Party's business.
Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, the security interests granted under this Agreement or any other Loan Document shall not extend to (a) any permit or license issued by a Governmental Authority to any Loan Party or any agreement to which any Loan Party is a party, in each case, only to the extent and for so long as the terms of such permit, license or agreement or any requirement of applicable law, validly prohibit the creation by such Loan Party of a security interest in such permit, license or agreement in favor of the Lender (after giving effect to Sections 9-406(d), 9-407(a), 9-408(a) or 9-409 of the UCC (or any successor provision or provisions) or any other applicable law (including the PPSA, the Civil Code or Code) or principles of equity (other than proceeds and receivables thereof, the assignment of which is expressly deemed effective under the New York UCC or other applicable law notwithstanding such prohibition); (b) any intent-to-use trademark application, to the extent and for so long as creation by a pledgor of a security interest therein would result in the loss, termination, invalidity, cancellation, unenforceability or abandonment by such pledgor of any material rights therein; (c) any asset sold pursuant to any Specified Vendor Receivables Financing and is permitted this Agreement; (d) the Restricted Accounts; (e) the Equity Interests of Horizon International Holdings LLC or any Foreign Subsidiary; (f) assets in circumstances where the cost of obtaining a security interest in such assets would be excessive in light of the practical benefit to the Lenders afforded thereby as reasonably determined by the Borrower and the Agent, and (g) any asset subject to a purchase money security interest, capital leaseCapitalized Lease obligation or similar arrangement, in each case, to the extent the grant of a security interest therein would violate or invalidate such purchase money or similar arrangement or create a right of termination in favor of any other party thereto after giving effect to the applicable anti-assignment provisions of the UCC or PPSA or other Applicable Law, other than proceeds and receivables thereof, the assignment of which is expressly deemed effective under the UCC or other Applicable Law notwithstanding such prohibition (the forgoing, collectively, the "Excluded Property"); provided, however, that Excluded Property shall not include any Proceeds, substitutions or replacements of any Excluded Property referred to in clauses (a) - (g) (unless such Proceeds, substitutions or replacements would constitute Excluded Property referred to in clauses (a)-(g))). For the avoidance of doubt, neither the Equity Interest in, nor the assets of, any Subsidiary that is not a Loan Party are part of the “Collateral”.

5.2 Possessory Collateral. Promptly, but in any event no later than five Business Days after any Loan Party's receipt of any portion of the Collateral evidenced by an agreement, Instrument or Document, including any Tangible Chattel Paper and any Investment Property consisting of certificated securities, such Loan Party shall deliver the original thereof to Agent together with an appropriate endorsement or other specific evidence of assignment thereof to Agent (in form and substance acceptable to Agent). If an endorsement or assignment of any such items shall not be made for any reason, Agent is hereby
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irrevocably authorized, as attorney and agent-in-fact (coupled with an interest) for each Loan Party, to endorse or assign the same on such Loan Party's behalf, provided that, to the extent that such Collateral is Term Loan Priority Collateral, the Loan Party shall deliver copies of the Collateral delivered to the Term Loan AgentsAgent.
5.3 Further Assurances. Each Loan Party shall, at its own cost and expense, promptly and duly take, execute, acknowledge and deliver (or cause each other applicable Person to take, execute, acknowledge and deliver) all such further acts, documents, agreements and instruments as may from time to time be necessary or desirable or as Agent may from time to time require in order to (a) carry out the intent and purposes of the Loan Documents and the transactions contemplated thereby, (b) establish, create, preserve, protect and perfect a first priority lien (subject only to Permitted Liens) in favor of Agent in all the Collateral (wherever located) from time to time owned by the Loan Parties and in all capital stock and other equity from time to time issued by the Loan Parties (other than Parent) (including appraisals of real property in compliance with FIRREA), (c) cause Parent and each Subsidiary of Borrower (other than Horizon International Holdings LLC, any Foreign Subsidiary and any Subsidiary of either of the foregoing) to guaranty all of the Obligations, all pursuant to documentation that is in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to Agent and (d) facilitate the collection of the Collateral. Without limiting the foregoing, each Loan Party shall, at its own cost and expense, promptly and duly take, execute, acknowledge and deliver (or cause each other applicable Person to take, execute, acknowledge and deliver) to Agent all promissory notes, security agreements, agreements with landlords, mortgagees and processors and other bailees, subordination and intercreditor agreements and other agreements, instruments and documents, in each case in form and substance reasonably acceptable to Agent, as Agent may request from time to time to perfect, protect and maintain Agent's security interests in the Collateral, including the required priority thereof, and to fully carry out the transactions contemplated by the Loan Documents.

5.4 UCC Financing Statements. Each Loan Party authorizes Agent to file, transmit or communicate, as applicable, from time to time, UCC Financing Statements, along with amendments and modifications thereto, in all filing offices selected by Agent, listing such Loan Party as the Debtor and Agent as the Secured Party, and describing the collateral covered thereby in such manner as Agent may elect, including using descriptions such as "all personal property of debtor" or "all assets of debtor," or words of similar effect, in each case without such Loan Party's signature. Each Loan Party also hereby ratifies its authorization for Agent to have filed, in any filing office, any Financing Statements filed prior to the date hereof.

6.CERTAIN PROVISIONS REGARDING ACCOUNTS, INVENTORY, COLLECTIONS AND APPLICATIONS OF PAYMENTS.
6.1 Lock Boxes and Blocked Accounts. Each Loan Party hereby represents and warrants that all Deposit Accounts and all other depositary and other accounts maintained by each Loan Party as of the Closing Date are described in Schedule 5(a) of the Perfection Certificate, which description includes for each such account the name of the Loan Party maintaining the account, the name of the financial institution at which the account is maintained, the account number and the purpose of the account. After the Closing Date, each Loan Party shall give Agent prompt written notice of any new Deposit Account or any other depositary or other account. No Deposit Account or other account of any Loan Party shall at any time constitute a Restricted Account other than accounts expressly indicated on Schedule 5(a) of the Perfection Certificate as being Restricted Accounts (and each Loan Party hereby represents and warrants that each such account shall at all times meet the requirements set forth in the definition of Restricted Account to qualify as a Restricted Account). Each Loan Party will, at its expense, establish (and revise from time to time as Agent may require) procedures acceptable to Agent, in Agent's sole discretion, for the collection of checks, wire transfers and all other proceeds of all of such Loan Party's Accounts and
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Accounts and Chattel Paper were executed, and the transactions giving rise to such Accounts and Chattel Paper comply with all applicable laws and governmental rules and regulations.
7.5 Electronic Chattel Paper. To the extent that any Loan Party obtains or maintains any Electronic Chattel Paper, such Loan Party shall at all times create, store and assign the record or records comprising the Electronic Chattel Paper in such a manner that (a) a single authoritative copy of the record or records exists which is unique, identifiable and except as otherwise provided below, unalterable, (b) the authoritative copy identifies Agent as the assignee of the record or records, (c) the authoritative copy is communicated to and maintained by Agent or its designated custodian, (d) copies or revisions that add or change an identified assignee of the authoritative copy can only be made with the participation of Agent, (e) each copy of the authoritative copy and any copy of a copy is readily identifiable as a copy that is not the authoritative copy and (f) any revision of the authoritative copy is readily identifiable as an authorized or unauthorized revision.

7.6 Capitalization; Investment Property.
(a)No Loan Party, directly or indirectly, owns, or shall at any time own, any capital
stock or other Equity Interests of any other Person except as set forth in Schedule 10 of the Perfection Certificate, which Sections list all Investment Property owned by each Loan Party.
(b)None of the Pledged Equity has been issued or otherwise transferred in violation of
the Securities Act, or other applicable laws of any jurisdiction to which such issuance or transfer may be subject. The Pledged Equity pledged by each Loan Party hereunder constitutes all of the issued and outstanding Equity Interests of each applicable Issuer of such Pledged Equity owned by such Loan Party.
(c)All of the Pledged Equity has been duly and validly issued and is fully paid and
non-assessable, and the holders thereof are not entitled to any preemptive, first refusal or other similar rights. There are no outstanding options, warrants or similar agreements, documents, or instruments with respect to any of the Pledged Equity except in favor of the Term Loan AgentsAgent.
(d)Each Loan Party has caused each applicable Issuer to amend or otherwise modify its
Governing Documents, books, records, and related agreements, documents and instruments, as applicable, to reflect the rights and interests of Agent hereunder, and to the extent required to enable and empower Agent to exercise and enforce its rights and remedies hereunder in respect of the Pledged Equity and other Investment Property, in all cases, subject to the Intercreditor Agreement.

(e)Each Loan Party will take any and all actions required or requested by Agent, from
time to time, to (i) cause Agent to obtain exclusive control of any Investment Property that is ABL Priority Collateral in a manner reasonably acceptable to Agent and (ii) obtain from any Issuers and such other Persons as Agent shall specify, for the benefit of Agent, written confirmation of Agent's exclusive control over such Investment Property that is ABL Priority Collateral and take such other actions as Agent may request to perfect Agent's security interest in any Investment Property that is ABL Priority Collateral. For purposes of this Section 7.6, Term Loan AgentsAgent shall have exclusive control of Investment Property if (A) pursuant to Section 5.2, such Investment Property consists of certificated securities and the applicable Loan Party delivers such certificated securities to Term Loan AgentsAgent (with all appropriate endorsements), (B) such Investment Property consists of uncertificated securities and either (x) the applicable Loan Party delivers such uncertificated securities to Term Loan AgentsAgent or
(y)the Issuer thereof agrees, pursuant to documentation in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to Term Loan AgentsAgent, that it will comply with instructions originated by Term Loan AgentsAgent without further consent by the applicable Loan Party and (C) such Investment Property consists of security entitlements and either (x) Term Loan AgentsAgent becomes the entitlement holder thereof or (y)

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the appropriate securities intermediary agrees, pursuant to documentation in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to Term Loan AgentsAgent, that it will comply with entitlement orders originated by Term Loan AgentsAgent without further consent by the applicable Loan Party. Each Loan Party that is a limited liability company or a partnership hereby represents and warrants that it has not, and at no time will, elect pursuant to the provisions of Section 8-103 of the UCC to provide that its Equity Interests are securities governed by Article 8 of the UCC.
(f)    No Loan Party owns, or has any present intention of acquiring, any "margin security" or any "margin stock" within the meaning of Regulations T, U or X of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (herein called "margin security" and "margin stock"). None of the proceeds of the Loans will be used, directly or indirectly, for the purpose of purchasing or carrying, or for the purpose of reducing or retiring any Indebtedness which was originally incurred to purchase or carry, any margin security or margin stock or for any other purpose which might constitute the transactions contemplated hereby a "purpose credit" within the meaning of said Regulations T, U or X, or cause this Agreement to violate any other regulation of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System or the Exchange Act, or any rules or regulations promulgated under such statutes.
(g)    [Reserved].
(h)    No Loan Party shall take, or fail to take, any action that would in any manner impair the value or the enforceability of the Term Loan Agents’Agent's Lien on any of the Investment Property, or any of the Term Loan Agents'Agent's rights or remedies under the Term Loan Document with respect to any of the Investment Property.
(i)    In the case of any Loan Party which is an Issuer, such Issuer agrees that the terms of Section 11.3(g)(iii) shall apply to such Loan Party with respect to all actions that may be required of it pursuant to such Section 11.3(g)(iii) regarding the Investment Property issued by it.
7.7    Commercial Tort Claims. No Loan Party has any Commercial Tort Claims with a value in excess of $1,000,000 individually or $2,000,000 in the aggregate pending other than those listed in Schedule 13 of the Perfection Certificate, and each Loan Party shall promptly (but in any case, no later than five Business Days thereafter) notify Agent in writing upon incurring or otherwise obtaining a Commercial Tort Claim with a value in excess of $1,000,000 individually or $2,000,000 in the aggregate, after the date hereof against any third party. Such notice shall constitute such Loan Party's authorization to amend such Section 2 to add such Commercial Tort Claim and shall automatically be deemed to amend such Section 2 to include such Commercial Tort Claim.
7.8    Jurisdiction of Organization; Location of Collateral. Section 1 of the Perfection Certificate set forth, as of the Closing Date, (a) each place of business of each Loan Party (including its chief executive office), (b) all locations where all Inventory, Equipment, and other Collateral owned by each Loan Party is kept and (c) whether each such Collateral location and place of business (including each Loan Party's chief executive office) is owned by a Loan Party or leased (and if leased, specifies the complete name and notice address of each lessor). No Collateral is located outside the United States or Canada in the possession of any lessor, bailee, warehouseman or consignee, except as expressly indicated in Section 1 of the Perfection Certificate. Each Loan Party will give Agent at least thirty (30) days' prior written notice before changing its jurisdiction of organization, opening any additional place of business, changing its chief executive office or the location of its books and records, or moving any of the Collateral to a location other than one of the locations set forth in Section 3 of the Perfection Certificate, and will execute and deliver all Financing Statements, Lien Waivers, collateral access agreements, and all other agreements, instruments and documents which Agent shall require in connection therewith prior to making such change, all in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to Agent. Without the prior
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attainment percentage (as defined in Section 430(d)(2) of the Code) is sixty percent (60%) or higher, an no Loan Party knows of any facts or circumstances that could reasonably be expected to cause the funding target attainment percentage for any such plan to drop below sixty percent (60%) as of the most recent valuation date. No Loan Party or any ERISA Affiliate has incurred any liability to the PBGC other than for the payment of premiums, and there are no premium payments which have become due that are unpaid, except as would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. No Loan Party or any ERISA Affiliate has engaged in a transaction that could be subject to Section 4069 or Section 4212(c) of ERISA except as would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. No Pension Plan has been terminated by the plan administrator thereof or by the PBGC, and no Loan Party has knowledge of any event or circumstance that could reasonably be expected to cause the PBGC to institute proceedings under Title IV of ERISA to terminate any Pension Plan, except as would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.

7.11    Compliance with Laws; Intellectual Property; Licenses.
(a)Each Loan Party has complied, and will continue at all times to comply, in all
respects with all provisions of all applicable laws and regulations, including those relating to the ownership of real or personal property, the conduct and licensing of each Loan Party's business, the payment and withholding of Taxes, ERISA and other employee matters, and safety and environmental matters, except to the extent any such failure, individually or in the aggregate, could not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.
(b)No Loan Party has received written notice of default or violation, or is in default or
violation, with respect to any judgment, order, writ, injunction, decree, demand or assessment issued by any court or any federal, state, local, municipal or other Governmental Authority relating to any aspect of any Loan Party's business, affairs, properties or assets which if determined adversely could reasonably be expected, individually or in the aggregate, to result in a Material Adverse Effect.
(c)No Loan Party owns any registered Intellectual Property, except as set forth in
Section 4 of the Perfection Certificate. Except as set forth in Section 9 of the Perfection Certificate, none of the Intellectual Property owned by any Loan Party is the subject of any licensing or franchise agreement pursuant to which such Loan Party is the licensor or franchisor. Each Loan Party shall promptly (but in any event in connection with delivery of the next quarter-end compliance certificate herein) notify Agent in writing of any additional Intellectual Property rights acquired or arising after the Closing Date and shall submit to Agent a supplement to Section 9 of the Perfection Certificate to reflect such additional rights; provided, that such Loan Party's failure to do so shall not impair Agent's security interest therein. Each Loan Party shall execute a separate security agreement granting Agent a security interest in such registered Intellectual Property (whether owned on the Closing Date or thereafter), in form and substance reasonably acceptable to Agent and suitable for registering such security interest in such Intellectual Property with the United States Patent and Trademark Office and/or United States Copyright Office, and/or Canadian Intellectual Property Office, as applicable; provided, that such Loan Party's failure to do so shall not impair Agent's security interest therein. Each Loan Party owns or has, and will at all times continue to own or have, the valid right to use all material patents, trademarks, copyrights, software, computer programs, equipment designs, network designs, equipment configurations, technology and other Intellectual Property used, marketed and sold in such Loan Party's business, and each Loan Party is in compliance, and will continue at all times to comply, in all material respects with all licenses, user agreements and other such agreements regarding the use of Intellectual Property. No Loan Party has received any notice in writing claiming (which claim appears to be valid and asserted in good faith) that any of such Intellectual Property infringes upon or violates the rights of any other Person. Borrower and its Subsidiaries have taken all necessary and otherwise commercially reasonable measures to protect the confidentiality of all trade secrets included in the Collateral. No material trade secrets have
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been disclosed by Borrower or its Subsidiaries to any Person other than pursuant to a written agreement restricting the disclosure and use thereof. To the knowledge of the Borrower, no current or former employee, contractor or consultant of Borrower or its Subsidiaries has any right, title or interest in or to any Intellectual Property that is included in the Collateral. To the knowledge of the Borrower, all Persons (including any current or former employees, contractors or consultants) who have developed, created, conceived or reduced to practice any material Intellectual Property in the Collateral for Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries have assigned all right, title and interest in and to all such Intellectual Property to Borrower or one of its Subsidiaries pursuant to a valid and enforceable written contract or by operation of law.
(d)Each Loan Party has and will continue at all times to have, all federal, state, local and
other licenses and permits required to be maintained in connection with such Loan Party's business operations, and all such licenses and permits are valid and in full force and effect except to the extent any such failure could not reasonably be expected, individually or in the aggregate, to result in a Material Adverse Effect. Each Loan Party has, and will continue at all times to have, complied with the requirements of such licenses and permits in all material respects, and has received no written notice of any pending or threatened proceedings for the suspension, termination, revocation or limitation thereof except to the extent any such failure could not reasonably be expected, individually or in the aggregate, to result in a Material Adverse Effect. No Loan Party is aware of any facts or conditions that could reasonably be expected to cause or permit any of such licenses or permits to be voided, revoked or withdrawn.
(e)Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Agreement, no Loan Party
shall be permitted to dispose of, or make any Investments, Restricted Payments or incur any Indebtedness in the form of, Intellectual Property (and any such transactions shall not be permitted under Article 8 herein), to the extent that the use of such Intellectual Property is reasonably necessary to permit the Agent to enforce its rights and remedies under the Loan Documents with respect to the Collateral, or the such proposed transaction would otherwise materially adversely affect the appraised value of the Collateral unless such transaction is subject to a non-exclusive royalty-free license of such Intellectual Property in favor of the Agent for use in connection with the exercise of rights and remedies of the Lenders under the Loan Documents in respect of the Collateral, which license shall be in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to Agent in its Permitted Discretion.

7.12     Litigation. There is no claim, suit, litigation, proceeding or investigation pending or (to
the best of each Loan Party's knowledge) threatened in writing by or against or affecting any Loan Party in any court or before any Governmental Authority (or any basis therefor known to any Loan Party) which may result, either separately or in the aggregate, in liability in excess of $3,000,000 for the Loan Parties, in any Material Adverse Effect, or in any material impairment in the ability of any Loan Party to carry on its business in substantially the same manner as it is now being conducted.

7.13    Use of Proceeds. All proceeds of all Loans and Letters of Credit shall be used by
Borrowers solely (a) with respect to Loans made on the Closing Date, to repay in full its indebtedness owing under the Existing Credit Agreement, (b) to pay the fees, costs, and expenses incurred in connection with this Agreement, the other Loan Documents and the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby, (c) for Borrowers’ working capital purposes and (d) for such other purposes as specifically permitted pursuant to the terms of this Agreement. All proceeds of all Loans and Letters of Credit will be used solely for lawful business purposes.

7.14    Insurance.

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Borrowers are in compliance with each of the covenants specified in Section 9, and setting forth a detailed calculation of such covenants, and (ii) any Default or Event of Default is then in existence; and
(c)Borrowing Base / Collateral Reports / Insurance Certificates / Perfection
Certificates / Other Items. The items described on Annex II hereto by the respective dates set forth therein.
(d)Projections, Etc. Not later than thirty (30) days after the end of each Fiscal Year,
monthly business projections for such Fiscal Year for the Loan Parties on a consolidated basis;

(e)Reserved.

(f)ERISA Reports. Copies of any annual report filed pursuant to the requirements of
ERISA in connection with each Plan subject thereto promptly upon request by Agent and in addition, each Loan Party shall promptly notify Agent upon having knowledge of any ERISA Event (provided that notice provided by one Loan Party is deemed to constitute notice from all Loan Parties); and
(g)Reserved.

(h)Notification of Certain Changes. Promptly (and in no case later than the earlier of
(i)three Business Days after the occurrence of any of the following and (ii) such other date that such information is required to be delivered pursuant to this Agreement or any other Loan Document) notification to Agent in writing of (A) the occurrence of any Default or Event of Default, (B) the occurrence of any event that has had, or may have, a Material Adverse Effect, (C) any investigation, action, suit, proceeding or claim (or any material development with respect to any existing investigation, action, suit, proceeding or claim) relating to any Loan Party, any officer or director of a Loan Party, on the Collateral and, in each case, which could reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect, (D) any material loss or damage to the ABL Priority Collateral, (E) any event or the existence of any circumstance that has resulted in, or could reasonably be expected to result in, a Material Adverse Effect, any Default, or any Event of Default, or which would make any representation or warranty previously made by any Loan Party to Agent untrue in any material respect or constitute a material breach if such representation or warranty was then being made, and (F) change in any Loan Party's certified independent accountant. In the event of each such notice under this Section 7.15(h), Borrower Representative shall give notice to Agent of the action or actions that each Loan Party has taken, is taking, or proposes to take with respect to the event or events giving rise to such notice obligation.

(i)Other Information.    Promptly upon request, such other data and information
(financial and otherwise) as Agent, from time to time, may reasonably request, bearing upon or related to the Collateral or each Loan Party's business or financial condition or results of operations.
(j)Reserved.
(k)Notices Relating to Term Loan Debt. Promptly after any Loan Party (i) knows or
has reason to know that any Default or Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, any “Default” or “Event of Default” under and as defined in any Term Loan Documents or the Convertible Notes has occurred and is continuing occurred, but in any event not later than two (2) Business Days after any Loan Party becomes aware thereof, a notice from the Borrower Representative of such Default, Event of Default, “Default”, “Event of Default” describing the same in reasonable detail and a description of the action that the Loan Parties have taken and propose to take with respect thereto or (ii) receives any reservation of rights or similar communications concerning the Term Loan Documents or Convertible Notes.
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7.16    Reserved.
7.17    Maintenance of Collateral, Etc. Each Loan Party will maintain all of the Collateral
used and useful in the business in good working condition, ordinary wear and tear excepted, and no Loan Party will use the Collateral for any unlawful purpose.
7.18    Reserved. Term Loan DDTL Proceeds Account. The Loan Parties shall not deposit,
permit to be deposited, or otherwise maintain any funds in the Term Loan DDTL Proceeds Account, other than proceeds of Delayed Draw Term Loans (as defined in the Term Loan Agreement). Further, within thirty (30) days after the first date which the Delayed Draw Term Loan Commitment Expiration Date has occurred and the balance of such account is zero, the Loan Parties shall have delivered the Agent reasonably satisfactory evidence that the Term Loan DDTL Proceeds Account has been closed.
7.19    No Default. No Default or Event of Default has occurred and is continuing.
7.20    No Material Adverse Change. Since December 31, 2018, there has been no event or
condition which has resulted in a Material Adverse Effect.
7.21    Full Disclosure.    Excluding projections and other forward-looking information, pro
forma financial information and information of a general economic or industry nature, no report, notice, certificate, information or other statement delivered or made (including, in electronic form) by or on behalf of any Loan Party or any of its Affiliates to Agent or Lender in connection with this Agreement or any other Loan Document contains or will at any time contain, taken as a whole and together with all updates and supplements thereto, any untrue statement of a material fact, or omits or will at any time omit to state any material fact necessary to make any statements contained herein or therein not materially misleading in light of the circumstances in which such statements were made. Any projections and other forward-looking information and pro forma financial information contained in such materials were prepared in good faith based upon assumptions that were believed by such Loan Party to be reasonable at the time prepared and at the time (it being recognized that such projections and other forward-looking information and pro forma financial information are not to be viewed as facts and that actual results during the period or periods covered by any such projections or information may differ from the projected results, and such differences may be material).

7.22    Sensitive Payments.    No Loan Party (a) has    made or will at any time make any
contributions, payments or gifts to or for the private use of any governmental official, employee or agent where either the payment or the purpose of such contribution, payment or gift is illegal under the applicable laws of the United States or the jurisdiction in which made or any other applicable jurisdiction,
(b)has established or maintained or will at any time establish or maintain any unrecorded fund or asset for any purpose or made any false or artificial entries on its books, (c) has made or will at any time make any payments to any Person with the intention that any part of such payment was to be used for any purpose other than that described in the documents supporting the payment or (d) has engaged in or will at any time engage in any "trading with the enemy" or other transactions violating any rules or regulations of the Office of Foreign Assets Control or any similar applicable laws, rules or regulations.

7.23    Subordinated Debt.
(a) Borrower Representative has furnished Agent a true, correct and complete copy of
each of the Subordinated Debt Documents. No statement or representation made in any of the Subordinated Debt Documents by any Borrower or any other Loan Party or, to any Borrower Representative 's knowledge, any other Person, contains any untrue statement of a material fact or omits to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements made
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therein, in light of the circumstances under which they are made, not misleading in any material respect as of the time that such statement or representation is made. Each of the representations and warranties of the Loan Parties set forth in each of the Subordinated Debt Documents are true and correct in all respects. No portion of the Subordinated Debt is, or at any time shall be, (i) secured by any assets of any of the Loan Parties or any other Person or any equity issued by any of the Loan Parties or any other Person (except to the extent expressly permitted by the Subordinated Debt Subordination Agreement) or (ii) guaranteed by any Person (except to the extent expressly permitted by the Subordinated Debt Subordination Agreement).
(b)The provisions of the Subordinated Debt Subordination Agreement are enforceable
against each holder of the Subordinated Debt. Each Borrower and each other Loan Party acknowledges that Agent is entering into this Agreement and extending credit and making the Loans in reliance upon the Subordinated Debt Subordination Agreement and this Section 7.23. All Obligations constitute senior Indebtedness entitled to the benefits of the subordination provisions contained in the Subordinated Debt Documents and the Subordinated Debt Documents.
(c)To the knowledge of the Loan Parties, the provisions of the Intercreditor Agreement
are enforceable against the Term Loan AgentsAgent and each holder of any portion of the Term Loan Debt, except as the enforceability thereof may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency or other similar laws relating to the enforcement of creditor’s rights generally and by general equitable principles. Each Loan Party acknowledges that Agent and Lenders are entering into this Agreement and extending credit and making the Loans and causing Letters of Credit to be issued in reliance upon the Intercreditor Agreement and this Section 7.29.
7.24    Access to Collateral, Books and Records.    At reasonable times, Agent and its
representatives or agents shall have the right to inspect the Collateral and to examine and copy each Loan Party's books and records. Each Loan Party agrees to give Agent access to any or all of such Loan Party's, and each of its Subsidiaries', premises to enable Agent to conduct such inspections and examinations. The Agent may, in its Permitted Discretion, undertake two (2) such inspections in each such twelve (12) month period at the Loan Parties expense (provided that in any twelve (12) month period in which a Dominion Trigger Period occurs, the Agent may undertake up to three (3) such inspections in each twelve (12) month period at the Loan Parties’ expense) and, in all cases, the charge therefor shall be
$1,200 per person per day (or such higher amount as shall represent Agent's then current standard charge), plus out-of-pocket expenses. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Agent may cause additional inspections to be undertaken if required by law, if an Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing, at the expense of the Loan Parties.

7.25    Appraisals.    At reasonable times and after reasonably notice, each Loan Party will
permit Agent and each of its representatives or agents to conduct appraisals and valuations of the Collateral at such times and intervals as Agent may designate. The Agent may, in its Permitted Discretion, conduct one (1) such appraisal and valuation in each twelve (12) month period at Loan Parties’ expense (provided that in any twelve (12) month period in which a Dominion Trigger Period occurs, the Agent may undertake up to two (2) such appraisals and valuations in each twelve (12) month period at the Loan Parties’ expense). Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Agent may cause additional appraisals to be undertaken if required by law or if an Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing, at the expense of the Loan Parties.

7.26    Lender Meetings. Upon the request of any Agent or the Required Lenders (which
request, so long as no Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing, shall not be made more than once during each fiscal quarter), participate in a telephonic meeting with the Agents and the Lenders at such time as may be agreed to by Borrower Representative and such Agent or the Required Lenders.
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(d)Each of the Mexican Guarantors shall not engage in any business or activity or hold
any assets not prohibited by the Maquila Services Agreement, own directly or indirectly any Equity Interests in another Person (other than Equity Interests in Cequent Electrical MX owned by Cequent Sales MX) or incur any Indebtedness (other than Permitted Indebtedness) or other non-ordinary course liabilities, other than (i) maintaining its corporate existence, (ii) participating in tax, accounting and other administrative activities as a member of the consolidated group of companies including the Loan Parties, and (iii) executing, delivering and performing its rights and obligations under the Loan Documents or, to the extent permitted hereunder, the Term Loan AgreementsAgreement.
(e)Each of the Mexican Guarantors and Horizon Americas shall reasonably promptly
after receiving any notice in connection with any proceeding or investigation in connection with the Maquila Services Agreement, provide written notice thereof to the Agent together with any such other material information available to the Mexican Guarantors and/or Horizon Americas in order to enable the Lenders, the Agent and their respective counsels to evaluate such matters.

8.NEGATIVE COVENANTS. On and after the Closing Date and until the Commitments have
expired or terminated and the principal of and interest on each Loan and all fees and expenses payable hereunder have been paid in full and all Letters of Credit have expired, terminated or been Cash Collateralized and all unpaid drawings under any Letters of Credit shall have been reimbursed, each Loan Party covenants and agrees that such Loan Party shall not permit, and such Loan Party shall not permit any other Loan Party to:

8.1    Fundamental Changes. Merge, Divide, or consolidate with another Person, form any new Subsidiary that is organized under the laws of the United States or Canada or any province thereof unless such new Subsidiary becomes party to this Agreement and the other Loan Documents (provided, that, notwithstanding the foregoing, no Mexican Guarantor shall be permitted to form any new Subsidiary), including by any Division thereof, acquire any interest in any Person, or wind-up its business operations or cease substantially all or any material portion of its normal business operations, dissolve or liquidate, except for the following:
(a)any Borrower may merge or consolidate with any other Borrower; and
(b)any Person (other than a Borrower) may merge into any Subsidiary in a transaction in
which the surviving entity is a Subsidiary and, if any party to such merger is a Loan Party, such surviving entity is (or becomes) a Subsidiary that is a Loan Party concurrently with such merger (provided, that, notwithstanding the foregoing, no Mexican Guarantor shall be permitted to merge into any Loan Party, Subsidiary or any other Person).

Notwithstanding the foregoing, this Section 8.1 shall not prohibit any Permitted Acquisition.

8.2 Asset Sales. Sell, transfer, return, or dispose of any Collateral (including pursuant to any Division), except:
(a)sales, transfers and dispositions of (i) Inventory in the ordinary course of business
and (ii) used, obsolete, worn out or surplus assets or property no longer material to the operation of a Loan Party's business and in the ordinary course of business;

(b)sales, transfers and dispositions constituting an Investment permitted by Section 8.3;




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(c)dispositions resulting from any casualty or other insured damage to, or any taking
under power of eminent domain or by condemnation or similar proceeding of, any property or asset of (i) Parent or any Subsidiary or (ii) a customer or other Person being held by Parent or any Subsidiary;

(d)the creation of Liens permitted by Section 8.5 and dispositions as a result thereof;

(e)sales of accounts receivable and related assets pursuant to the Specified Vendor
Receivables Financings;
(f)Restricted Payments permitted by Section 8.6; and
(g)so long as no Event of Default shall have occurred and then be continuing, sales,
transfers and other dispositions of assets (other than Equity Interests in a Subsidiary) that are not permitted by any other clause of this Section; provided that (i) any sale, transfer or other disposition of ABL Priority Collateral shall not exceed $5,000,000, (ii) the net proceeds of any such transactions are applied to repay Revolving Loans and (iii) after giving effect thereto and to any such application of net proceeds, to Revolving Loans hereunder, Excess Availability shall not be negative; and
(h)sales, transfers and dispositions to a Loan Party or a Subsidiary (other than with
respect to ABL Priority Collateral); provided that any book value and the fair market value (whichever is higher) of all property that is subject to such sales, transfers or dispositions from a Loan Party to a Subsidiary that is not a Loan Party shall not exceed $10,000,000 in the aggregate for all such sales, transfers or dispositions made after the date hereof and all such sales, transfers or dispositions shall be made in the ordinary course of business and in compliance with Sections 8.3 and 8.9.

Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein and unless otherwise expressly permitted under the Maquila Services Agreement, (i) no Loan Party shall be permitted to sell, transfer, return or dispose of any Collateral (including pursuant to any Division) to any Mexican Guarantor and (ii) no Mexican Guarantor shall be permitted to sell, transfer, return or dispose of any Inventory (including pursuant to any Division) located at the Maquiladora Location to any other Person (other than Horizon Americas).

8.3 Investments and Loans. Purchase, hold or acquire any capital stock, evidences of Indebtedness or other Equity Interests (including any option, warrant or other right to acquire any of the foregoing) of, make any loans or advances to, Guaranty any obligations of, or make or permit to exist any investment in, any other Person, or purchase or otherwise acquire (in one transaction or a series of transactions) any assets of any other Person constituting a business unit (whether through purchase of assets, merger, Division or otherwise), except for:

(a)Permitted Investments;

(b)Guarantees permitted by Section 8.4(b);

(c)investments received in connection with the bankruptcy or reorganization of, or
settlement of delinquent accounts and disputes with, customers and suppliers, in each case in the Ordinary Course of Business;
(d)any investments in or loans to any other Person received as noncash consideration for
sales, transfers, leases and other dispositions permitted by Section 8.2;
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(e)unsecured Guarantees of leases entered into by any Loan Party or its Subsidiary as
lessee in the Ordinary Course of Business;

(f)extensions of credit in the nature of accounts receivable or notes receivable in the
Ordinary Course of Business;

(g)loans or advances to employees made in the Ordinary Course of Business consistent
with prudent business practice and not exceeding $100,000 in the aggregate outstanding at any one time;

(h)investments made (i) in an amount not to exceed the net proceeds of any issuance of
Equity Interests in Parent issued after the Closing Date when made or (ii) with Equity Interests in Parent;

(i)investments, loans or advances in addition to those permitted by the other clauses of
this Section 8.3 not exceeding in the aggregate $1,000,000 at any time outstanding, provided that no Default or Event of Default exists at the time that such investment, loan or advance is made or is caused thereby; and
(j)investments (other than with respect to ABL Priority Collateral) by the Loan Parties
in their respective Subsidiaries that exist immediately prior to any applicable transaction; provided that (i) any such Equity Interests held by a Loan Party shall be pledged to the extent required by this Agreement, subject to the Intercreditor Agreement, and (ii) the aggregate amount of investments by Loan Parties in, and loans and advances by Loan Parties to, and guarantees by Loan Parties of Indebtedness of Subsidiaries that are not Loan Parties shall not at any time exceed $10,000,0005,000,000;
(k)loans or advances made by the Borrowers to any Subsidiary, provided that such loans
and advances shall be evidenced by a promissory note pledged hereunder, subject to the Intercreditor Agreement, and (ii) the amount of such loans and advances shall be subject to the limitations set forth in clause (j) above;
(l)investments in the form of Hedging Agreements permitted hereunder;

(m)payroll, travel and similar advances to cover matters that are expected at the time of such advances to ultimately be treated as expenses for accounting purposes and that are made in the ordinary course of business; and
(n)other investments of a type not otherwise described in the foregoing clauses (other
than with respect to ABL Priority Collateral) if and to the extent the Required Conditions are satisfied with respect to such investment on the date such investment is made.
    Notwithstanding anything to the contrary set forth herein in no event shall Borrower or any Subsidiary make a sale, transfer leases or other disposition of Intellectual Property that could reasonably be deemed to be material to the business of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries to any Subsidiary that has not guaranteed the Obligations and otherwise satisfied the obligations of a Loan Party under Section 5.3 of this Agreement.

8.4    Indebtedness; Certain Equity Interests. Incur any Indebtedness other than:
(a)Permitted Indebtedness;
(b)Indebtedness of a Loan Party to any other Loan Party or to any Subsidiary of any
Loan Party that is not secured by a Lien and subject to a Subordinated Debt Subordination Agreement;
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(c)Indebtedness in respect of workers’ compensation claims, self-insurance obligations,
performance bonds, surety appeal or similar bonds and completion guarantees provided in the Ordinary Course of Business;
(d)Indebtedness arising from the honoring by a bank or other financial institution of a
check, draft or similar instrument inadvertently (except in the case of daylight overdrafts) drawn against insufficient funds in the Ordinary Course of Business; provided, however, that such Indebtedness is extinguished within 10 days of incurrence;
(e)Indebtedness arising in connection with endorsement of instruments for deposit in the
Ordinary Course of Business;
(f)Indebtedness incurred in connection with the financing of insurance premiums in an
aggregate amount at any time outstanding not to exceed the premiums owed under such policy, if applicable;
(g)contingent obligations to financial institutions, in each case to the extent in the
Ordinary Course of Business and on terms and conditions which are within the general parameters customary in the banking industry, entered into to obtain cash management services or deposit account overdraft protection services (in an amount similar to those offered for comparable services in the financial industry) or other services in connection with the management or opening of deposit accounts or incurred as a result of endorsement of negotiable instruments for deposit or collection purposes and other customary, contingent obligations incurred in the Ordinary Course of Business;
(h)unsecured Guarantees of facility leases of any Loan Party;
(i)obligations of the Parent or any of its Subsidiaries under Hedging Agreements
permitted under Section 8.14 with respect to interest rates, foreign currency exchange rates or commodity prices, in each case not entered into for speculative purposes; provided that if such Hedging Agreements relate to interest rates, (A) such Hedging Agreements relate to payment obligations on Indebtedness otherwise permitted to be incurred by the Loan Documents and (B) the notional principal amount of such Hedging Agreements at the time incurred does not exceed the principal amount of the Indebtedness to which such Hedging Agreements relate;
(j)Indebtedness of Parent under the Convertible Notes outstanding on the Closing Date
and any Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness with respect thereto; and
(k)unsecured Indebtedness of the Loan Parties in an amount not to exceed $15,000,000
at any time outstanding; provided that (i) such Indebtedness shall not mature prior to the date that is 91 days after the Maturity Date in effect at the time of the issuance of such Indebtedness and shall not have any principal payments due prior to such date, except upon the occurrence of a change of control or similar event (including asset sales), in each case so long as the provisions relating to change of control or similar events (including asset sales) included in the governing instrument of such Indebtedness provide that the provisions of this Agreement must be satisfied prior to the satisfaction of such provisions of such Indebtedness, (ii) such Indebtedness shall not have any financial maintenance covenants, (iii) such Indebtedness shall not have a definition of “Change of Control” or “Change in Control” (or any other defined term having a similar purpose) that is materially more restrictive than the definition of Change in Control set forth herein, (iv) such Indebtedness is subordinated to the Obligations on terms reasonably acceptable to the Required Lenders and (v) no such Indebtedness shall be, directly or indirectly, provided by any lender or agent or Affiliate of any lender or agent under the Term Loan Agreement; and


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(l)unsecured Indebtedness of the Loan Parties in an amount not to exceed $15,000,000
IMAGE_351A.JPG at any time outstanding; provided that (i) such Indebtedness shall not mature prior to the date that is 91 days after the Maturity Date in effect at the time of the issuance of such Indebtedness and shall not have any principal payments due prior to such date, except upon the occurrence of a change of control or similar event (including asset sales), in each case so long as the provisions relating to change of control or similar events (including asset sales) included in the governing instrument of such Indebtedness provide that the provisions of this Agreement must be satisfied prior to the satisfaction of such provisions of such Indebtedness, and all interest payments thereunder shall be made in kind and shall not be made in cash, (ii) such Indebtedness shall not have any financial maintenance covenants, (iii) such Indebtedness shall not have a definition of “Change of Control” or “Change in Control” (or any other defined term having a similar purpose) that is materially more restrictive than the definition of Change in Control set forth herein, (iv) such Indebtedness is subordinated to the Obligations on terms reasonably acceptable to the Required Lenders and (v) no such Indebtedness shall be, directly or indirectly, provided by any lender or agent or Affiliate of any lender or agent under the Second Lien Term Loan Agreement.

8.5 Liens. Create, incur, assume or suffer to exist any Lien or other encumbrance of any nature whatsoever or authorize under the UCC of any jurisdiction a Financing Statement (or similar instrument under laws of other jurisdictions) naming the Loan Party as debtor, or execute any security agreement authorizing any secured party thereunder to file such Financing Statement, other than in favor of Agent to secure the Obligations, on any of its assets whether now or hereafter owned, other than:

(a)Permitted Liens;

(b)Liens, rights of setoff and other similar Liens existing solely with respect to cash and
Permitted Investments on deposit in one or more accounts maintained by any Lender, in each case granted in the Ordinary Course of Business in favor of such Lender with which such accounts are maintained, securing amounts owing to such Lender with respect to cash management and operating account arrangements, including those involving pooled accounts and netting arrangements; provided that, unless such Liens are non-consensual and arise by operation of law, in no case shall any such Liens secure (either directly or indirectly) the repayment of any Indebtedness for borrowed money;

(c)licenses or sublicenses of Intellectual Property granted by any Loan Party in the
Ordinary Course of Business and not interfering in any material respect with the ordinary conduct of business of the Loan Parties;

(d)the filing of UCC financing statements solely as a precautionary measure in
connection with operating leases;

(e)Liens for the benefit of a seller deemed to attach solely to cash earnest money
deposits in connection with a letter of intent or acquisition agreement with respect to a Permitted Acquisition; and
(f) Liens in respect of the Specified Vendor Receivables Financings permitted under this Agreement;
(g)other Liens on assets other than ABL Priority Collateral securing liabilities not in
excess of $5,000,000;
(h)Liens of a collection bank arising in the Ordinary Course of Business under Section
4-210 of the UCC in effect in the relevant jurisdiction covering only the items being collected upon;
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(i)Reserved;
(j)Liens deemed to exist in connection with investments permitted under Section 8.3
that constitute repurchase obligations and in connection with related set-off rights; and

(k)Liens of sellers of goods to the Loan Parties arising under Article 2 of the UCC in
effect in the relevant jurisdiction in the ordinary course of business, covering only the goods sold and covering only the unpaid purchase price for such goods and related expenses and in an aggregate amount not to exceed $100,000 outstanding at any time.

8.6 Restricted Payments. Pay or declare any Restricted Payments except that:
(a)Parent may declare and pay dividends with respect to its common stock payable
solely in additional shares of its common stock;
(b) each Loan Party may declare and pay dividends ratably with respect to their Equity Interests;
(c) each Loan Party may make Permitted Tax Distributions;
(d)cash settlements in respect of the Convertible Notes, so long as: (i) the Required
Conditions are satisfied with respect to each such settlement on the date such settlement is made, or (ii) such settlements are made with the proceeds of Delayed Draw Term Loans (under and as defined in the Term Loan Agreement) and (1) any such settlements are completed substantially contemporaneously with receipt of such proceeds or (2) if settled at a later date, such settlements are made solely with funds from the Term Loan DDTL Proceeds Account;

(e)(d) each Loan Party may make Restricted Payments (other than with ABL Priority
Collateral) if and to the extent the Required Conditions are satisfied with respect to each such payment on the date such payment is made; and

(f)(e) Parent may make payments or deliveries in shares of its common stock and cash
in lieu of fractional shares required by the terms of, and otherwise perform its obligations under, the Convertible Notes Indenture (including, without limitation, making payments of interest and principal thereon and/or making deliveries (other than in cash) due upon conversion thereof).

8.7 Certain Sinking Fund Payments. Make or agree to pay or make, directly or indirectly, any payment or other distribution (whether in cash, securities or other property) of or in respect of principal of or interest on any Indebtedness, or any payment or other distribution (whether in cash, securities or other property), including any sinking fund or similar deposit, on account of the purchase, redemption, retirement, acquisition, cancellation or termination of any Indebtedness, except:
(a)Payment of the Obligations;

(b)payment of regularly scheduled interest and principal payments as and when due in
respect of any Indebtedness, other than payments in respect of subordinated Indebtedness or any other Indebtedness subject to an intercreditor agreement prohibited by the subordination provisions thereof or intercreditor agreement;
(c)refinancings of Indebtedness to the extent permitted by Section 8.4;

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(d)payment of secured Indebtedness out of the proceeds of any sale or transfer of the
property or assets securing such Indebtedness;

(e) payments of Indebtedness with the net proceeds of an issuance of Equity Interests in Parent;
(f)payment of or in respect of the Term Loan Debt and Indebtedness or obligations
secured by the First Lien Term Loan Documents and Second Lien Term Loan Documents, as applicableas permitted by Section 8.13; and

(g)payments of Debtother Indebtedness; provided that at the time of and immediately
after giving effect to such payment, the Required Conditions are met.

8.8 Business. Engage, directly or indirectly, in a business other than the business which is being conducted on the Closing Date, wind up its business operations or cease substantially all, or any material portion, of its normal business operations, or suffer any material disruption, interruption or discontinuance of a material portion of its normal business operations.

8.9 Transactions With Affiliates. Directly, or indirectly, purchase, acquire or lease any property from, sell, transfer or lease any property to, enter into any contract do any of the foregoing with, or enter into any transaction or deal with an Affiliate of any (i) Loan Party or (ii) officer, director, manager, member or equity holder of any Loan Party, in each case other than:
(a)any Restricted Payment permitted by Section 8.6;
(b)the transactions described on Schedule 8.9 hereto and such other transactions that are
entered into in the Ordinary Course of Business and on terms and conditions at least as favorable to such Loan Party as could reasonably be obtained by such Loan Party at that time in a comparable arm's-length transaction with a person other than an Affiliate; and
(c)transactions among Loan Parties not involving any other Affiliate.
Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, no transaction between any Mexican Guarantor and any other Loan Party or any other Affiliate shall be permitted hereunder unless (i) such transaction is not prohibited under the Maquila Services Agreement, (ii) such transaction is not otherwise prohibited hereunder or (iii) such transaction is consummated in the ordinary course of business or relates to the administration, overhead or other services provided by or on behalf of Horizon Americas.
8.10 Modifications to Governing Documents. Agree, consent, permit or otherwise undertake
to amend or otherwise modify any of the terms or provisions of any Loan Party's Governing Documents, except for such amendments or other modifications required by applicable law or that are not materially adverse to the Lenders; provided, that any change to any jurisdiction of organization, or entering into any transaction which has the effect of changing any jurisdiction of organization, shall be made in compliance with Section 7.8.

8.11 Burdensome Restrictions.

(a)Enter into any covenant or other agreement that restricts or is intended to restrict it
from pledging or granting a security interest in, mortgaging, assigning, encumbering or otherwise creating a Lien on any of its property, whether, real or personal, tangible or intangible, existing or hereafter
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acquired, in favor of Agent to secure the Obligations, other than in connection with any document or instrument governing Liens permitted pursuant to clause (a) or (l) of the definition of Permitted Liens, provided that, other than with respect to clause (l) of the definition of Permitted Liens, any such restriction contained therein relates only to the asset or assets subject to such Permitted Lien.

(b)Create or otherwise cause or suffer to exist or become effective any encumbrance or
restriction (other than any Loan Document or any Term Loan Document) of any kind on the ability of any such Person to pay or make any dividends or distributions to any Loan Party, to pay any of the Obligations, to make loans or advances or to transfer any of its property or assets to any Loan Party.

8.12    Modifications to Term Loan Debt Documents. Without the prior written consent of the
Agent, amend, modify, change, waive, or obtain any consent, waiver or forbearance with respect to, any of the terms or provisions of any agreement, instrument, document, indenture, or other writing evidencing or concerning the Term Loan Debt (including the Term Loan Documents) in a manner which would be materially adverse to the Lenders or violates the Intercreditor Agreement, provided that (x) any amendment or modification which would have the effect of (i) any extension of maturity of any Indebtedness thereunder, (ii) any increase to the rates of interest payable thereunder to the extent such interest in payable only in kind and not in cash, and/or any reduction to the rates of interest payable thereunder in cash, (iii) any increase in the principal amount of the loans and advances outstanding thereunder and/or issuance of any commitments to make any future loans or advances thereunder and/or the funding of any additional loans or advances thereunder to the extent that interest on such additional principal and/or the principal amount of such future/additional loans are advances are payable only in kind and not in cash, shall not be adverse to the Lenders, and (y) any amendment or modification that provides for (i) any shortening of any scheduled maturity thereunder, or the addition of or increase to any mandatory prepayments thereunder, or any addition of or increase of any scheduled amortization payments thereunder or, (ii) any increase in cash interest rates“Applicable Rate” (as defined in the Term Loan Agreement) or similar terms thereunder (excluding the imposition of any default rates provided for therein on the Closing Date) shall be deemedin excess of 2.5%, or (iii) changes or modifications to Section 6.11 of the Term Loan Agreement as it relates to the ABL Loan Documents, Section 6.01(a)(xx) of the Term Loan Agreement, or any other provisions that relate to the ABL Loan Documents shall be deemed materially adverse to the Lenders.
8.13    Term Loan Debt Payments.    Pay or make any payments (whether voluntary or
mandatory, or a prepayment, distribution, redemption, retirement, defeasance or acquisition) with respect to the Term Loan Debt other than (i) regularly scheduled payments of principal and interest and mandatory prepayments permitted by the Intercreditor Agreement and (ii) voluntary prepayments permitted by the Intercreditor Agreement or in connection with any Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness.
8.14    Hedging Agreements. Enter into any Hedging Agreement, other than Hedging
Agreements entered into in the Ordinary Course of Business and which are not speculative in nature to hedge or mitigate risks to which the Parent or any other Subsidiary is exposed in the conduct of its business or the management of its assets or liabilities (including Hedging Agreements that effectively cap, collar or exchange interest rates (from fixed to floating rates, from one floating rate to another floating rate or otherwise).
8.15    Maquila Services Agreement. (i) Without the prior written consent of the Agent, agree,
consent, permit or otherwise undertake to amend or otherwise modify any of the terms or provisions of the Maquila Services Agreement to the extent such amendment or modification would be materially adverse to the interests of the Agent or the Lenders, and (ii) in all other cases, agree, consent, permit or otherwise undertake to amend or otherwise modify any of the terms or provisions of the Maquila Services Agreement without two days’ prior written notice to the Agent.
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(a)Payment. If any Loan Party fails to pay to Agent, when due (i) any principal or (ii)
any interest payment or any other monetary Obligation required under this Agreement or any other Loan Document, and such failure shall continue unremedied for a period of two (2) Business Days;

(b)Breaches of Representations and Warranties.    If any warranty, representation,
statement, report or certificate made or delivered to Agent or any Lender by or on behalf of any Loan Party is untrue or misleading in any material respect (except where such warranty or representation is already qualified by Material Adverse Effect, materiality, dollar thresholds or similar qualifications, in which case such warranty or representation shall be accurate in all respects);

(c)Breaches of Covenants.
(i)If any Loan Party defaults in the due observance or performance of any
covenant, condition or agreement contained in Section 6.1, 6.7, 7.2 (limited to the last sentence of Section 7.2), 7.8, 7.13, 7.14, 7.15, 7.18, 7.24, 7.25, 7.27, 7.28, 7.29, 7.30, 7.31, 7.32, 7.33, 7.34, 8 or 9;
or
(ii)If any Loan Party defaults in the due observance or performance of any covenant, condition or agreement contained in any provision of this Agreement or any other Loan Document and not addressed in clauses Sections 11.1(a), (b) or (c)(i), and the continuance of such default unremedied for a period of 25 days;

(d)Judgment.    If one or more judgments aggregating in excess of $1,000,000 is
obtained against any Loan Party which remains unstayed for more than thirty (30) days or is enforced;

(e)Cross-Default. If any default occurs with respect to any Material Debt (other than
the Obligations, the Term Loan Debt or the Subordinated Debt), including a “Fundamental Change” as defined in the Convertible Notes Indenture, of any Loan Party if (i) such default shall consist of the failure to pay such Indebtedness when due, whether by acceleration or otherwise or (ii) the effect of such default is to permit the holder, with or without notice or lapse of time or both, to accelerate the maturity of any such Indebtedness or to cause such Indebtedness to become due prior to the stated maturity thereof (without regard to the existence of any subordination or intercreditor agreements);
(f)Dissolution. The dissolution, termination of existence, insolvency or business failure
or suspension or cessation of business as usual of any Loan Party (or of any general partner of any Loan Party if it is a partnership);
(g)Voluntary Bankruptcy or Similar Proceedings. If any Loan Party shall apply for
or consent to the appointment of a receiver, trustee, custodian, visitador, conciliador, síndico or liquidator of it or any of its properties, admit in writing its inability to pay its debts as they mature, make a general assignment for the benefit of creditors, be adjudicated a bankrupt or insolvent or be the subject of an order for relief under the Bankruptcy Code or under any bankruptcy or insolvency law of a foreign jurisdiction, or file a voluntary petition in bankruptcy (solicitud de concurso mercantil), or a petition or an answer seeking reorganization or an arrangement with creditors or to take advantage of any bankruptcy, reorganization, insolvency, readjustment of debt, dissolution or liquidation law or statute, or an answer admitting the material allegations of a petition filed against it in any proceeding under any such law, or take or permit to be taken any action in furtherance of or for the purpose of effecting any of the foregoing;
(h)Involuntary Bankruptcy or Similar Proceedings. The commencement of an
involuntary case or other proceeding against any Loan Party seeking liquidation, reorganization or other relief with respect to it or its debts under any bankruptcy, insolvency or other similar applicable law or
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seeking the appointment of a trustee, receiver, liquidator, custodian or other similar official of it or any substantial part of its property, or if an order for relief is entered against any Loan Party under any bankruptcy, insolvency or other similar applicable law as now or hereafter in effect; provided, that if such commencement of proceedings is involuntary, such action shall not constitute an Event of Default unless such proceedings are not dismissed within sixty days after the commencement of such proceedings, though Agent and Lenders shall have no obligation to make Loans to or issue, or cause to be issued, Letters of Credit on behalf of, Borrowers during such forty-five day period or, if earlier, until such proceedings are dismissed;
(i)Revocation or Termination of Guaranty or Security Documents. The actual or
attempted revocation or termination of, or limitation or denial of liability under, any guaranty of any of the Obligations, or any security document securing any of the Obligations, by any Loan Party;

(j)Subordinated Indebtedness.
(i)A Default or Event of Default (as such terms are defined in the Subordinated
Debt Documents) with respect to the Subordinated Debt or the occurrence of any condition or event that results in the Subordinated Debt becoming due prior to its scheduled maturity as of the Closing Date or permits any holder or holders of the Subordinated Debt or any trustee or agent on its or their behalf to cause the Subordinated Debt to become due, or require the prepayment, repurchase, redemption of defeasance thereof, prior to its scheduled maturity as of the Closing Date; or
(ii)If any Loan Party makes any payment on account of the Subordinated Debt or any Indebtedness or obligation which has been contractually subordinated to the Obligations other than payments which are not prohibited by the applicable subordination provisions pertaining thereto, or if any Person who has subordinated such Indebtedness or obligations attempts to limit or terminate any applicable subordination provisions pertaining thereto, in each case, including the Subordinated Debt Subordination Agreement;
(k)Term Loan Debt.    A Default orAn Event of Default (as such terms areterm is
defined in the Term Loan Documents, in each case subject to applicable cure periods) occurs with respect to the Term Loan Debt or the occurrence of any condition or event that results in any portion of the Term Loan Debt becoming due prior to its scheduled maturity as of the Closing Date;
(l)Change of Control. A Change in Control;
(m)Maquila Services Agreement. The Maquila Services Agreement is terminated or ceases to be in full force and effect (other than any renewal thereof or any replacement thereof by a substantially similar agreement entered into by the parties to the Maquila Services Agreement substantially concurrently with such termination or cessation) or any Loan Party that is party to the Maquila Services Agreement defaults in any material respect in the due observance or performance of any covenant, condition or agreement contained in any provision thereof and such default continues unremedied for a period of five (5) days;
(n)Invalid Liens. Any Lien covering property having a book value or fair market value
of $1,000,000 or more purported to be created under any Security Document shall cease to be, or shall be asserted in writing by any Loan Party not to be, a valid and perfected Lien on any Collateral, except (i) as a result of the sale or other disposition of the applicable Collateral in a transaction permitted under the Loan Documents or (ii) as a result of Agent’s failure to maintain possession (or the failure of Agent’s agent or designee, including without limitation the Term Loan Agent, as Agent’s agent for perfection

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Execution Version
TERM LOAN CREDIT AGREEMENT

dated as of February 2, 2021,

among

HORIZON GLOBAL CORPORATION,

The Lenders Party Hereto,

and
ATLANTIC PARK STRATEGIC CAPITAL FUND, L.P.,
as Administrative Agent and Collateral Agent






TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
Article I Definitions
5
Section 1.01    Defined Terms
5
Section 1.02    Classification of Loans and Borrowings
38
Section 1.03    Terms Generally
38
Section 1.04    Accounting Terms; GAAP
38
Article II The Credits
39
Section 2.01    Commitments
39
Section 2.02    Loans and Borrowings
39
Section 2.03    Requests for Borrowings
40
Section 2.04    [Reserved]
40
Section 2.05    [Reserved]
40
Section 2.06    Funding of Borrowings
40
Section 2.07    Interest Elections
41
Section 2.08    Termination and Reduction of Commitments
42
Section 2.09    Repayment of Loans; Evidence of Debt
43
Section 2.10    Amortization of Term Loans
43
Section 2.11    Prepayment of Loans
44
Section 2.12    Fees    
46
Section 2.13    Interest    
46
Section 2.14    Benchmark Replacement Setting
47
Section 2.15    Increased Costs
49
Section 2.16    Break Funding Payments
50
Section 2.17    Taxes    
50
Section 2.18    Payments Generally; Pro Rata Treatment; Sharing of Set-offs
53
Section 2.19    Mitigation Obligations; Replacement of Lenders
55
Section 2.20    Defaulting Lenders
55
Article III Representations and Warranties
56
Section 3.01    Organization; Powers
56
Section 3.02    Authorization; Enforceability
56
Section 3.03    Governmental Approvals; No Conflicts
57
Section 3.04    Financial Condition; No Material Adverse Change
57
Section 3.05    Properties
58
Section 3.06    Litigation and Environmental Matters
58
Section 3.07    Compliance with Laws and Agreements
59
Section 3.08    Investment Company Status
59
i


Section 3.09    Taxes    
59
Section 3.10    ERISA    
60
Section 3.11    Disclosure
60
Section 3.12    Subsidiaries
60
Section 3.13    Insurance
60
Section 3.14    Labor Matters
61
Section 3.15    Solvency
61
Section 3.16    Senior Indebtedness
61
Section 3.17    Security Documents
61
Section 3.18    Federal Reserve Regulations
61
Section 3.19    Anti-Corruption Laws and Sanctions
62
Section 3.20    Material Contracts
62
Section 3.21    EEA Financial Institutions
62
Section 3.22    Beneficial Ownership Certification
62
Section 3.23    Centre of Main Interests and Establishments
63
Article IV Conditions
63
Section 4.01    Closing Date
63
Section 4.02    Delayed Draw Closing Date
65
Article V Affirmative Covenants
66
Section 5.01    Financial Statements and Other Information
66
Section 5.02    Notices of Material Events
69
Section 5.03    Information Regarding Collateral
70
Section 5.04    Existence; Conduct of Business
71
Section 5.05    Payment of Obligations
71
Section 5.06    Maintenance of Properties
71
Section 5.07    Insurance
71
Section 5.08    Casualty and Condemnation
71
Section 5.09    Books and Records; Cooperation; Inspection and Audit Rights
72
Section 5.10    Compliance with Laws
72
Section 5.11    Use of Proceeds
72
Section 5.12    Additional Subsidiaries
73
Section 5.13    Further Assurances
73
Section 5.14    Environmental Matters
74
Section 5.15    Post-Closing Obligations
74
Section 5.16    Centre of Main Interests and Establishments
74
Article VI Negative Covenants
74
Section 6.01    Indebtedness; Certain Equity Securities
74
Section 6.02    Liens    
78
ii


Section 6.03    Fundamental Changes
79
Section 6.04    Investments, Loans, Advances, Guarantees and Acquisitions
79
Section 6.05    Asset Sales
81
Section 6.06    Sale and Leaseback Transactions
82
Section 6.07    Hedging Agreements
82
Section 6.08    Restricted Payments; Certain Payments of Indebtedness
82
Section 6.09    Transactions with Affiliates
84
Section 6.10    Restrictive Agreements
84
Section 6.11    Amendment of Material Documents
85
Section 6.12    Joint Venture
85
Section 6.13    Financial Covenants
86
Section 6.14    Use of Proceeds
86
Section 6.15    Anti-Layering
86
Article VII Events of Default
86
Article VIII The Agents
90
Article IX [Reserved]
92
Article X Miscellaneous
92
Section 10.01    Notices
92
Section 10.02    Waivers; Amendments
92
Section 10.03    Expenses; Indemnity; Damage Waiver
95
Section 10.04    Successors and Assigns
97
Section 10.05    Survival
100
Section 10.06    Counterparts; Integration; Effectiveness
101
Section 10.07    Severability
101
Section 10.08    Right of Setoff
101
Section 10.09    Governing Law; Jurisdiction; Consent to Service of Process
101
Section 10.10    WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL
102
Section 10.11    Headings
102
Section 10.12    Confidentiality
102
Section 10.13    Interest Rate Limitation
103
Section 10.14    Intercreditor Agreements
103
Section 10.15    Release of Liens and Guarantees
104
Section 10.16    PATRIOT Act
104
Section 10.17    No Fiduciary Duty
104
Section 10.18    Acknowledgement and Consent to Bail-In of EEA Financial Institutions
105
Section 10.19    Investment Unit
105
Section 10.20    Original Issue Discount Legend
106
iii


SCHEDULES:
Schedule 2.01    –    Commitments
Schedule 3.03    –    Governmental Approvals; No Conflicts
Schedule 3.05    –    Real Property
Schedule 3.06    –    Disclosed Matters
Schedule 3.12    –    Subsidiaries
Schedule 3.13    –    Insurance
Schedule 3.20    –    Material Contracts
Schedule 5.15    –    Post-Closing Obligations
Schedule 6.01    –    Existing Indebtedness
Schedule 6.02    –    Existing Liens
Schedule 6.03    –    Permitted Transactions
Schedule 6.04    –    Existing Investments
Schedule 6.09    –    Existing Affiliate Transactions
Schedule 6.10    –    Existing Restrictions
EXHIBITS:
Exhibit A    –    Form of Assignment and Assumption
Exhibit B    –    Form of Borrowing Request
Exhibit C-1    –    Form of Initial Term Loan Note
Exhibit C-2    –    Form of Delayed Draw Term Loan Note
Exhibit D    –    Form of Guarantee and Collateral Agreement
Exhibit E    –    Form of U.S. Tax Certificate
Exhibit F    –    Form of Perfection Certificate
Exhibit G    –    Form of Interest Election Request
Exhibit H    –    Agreed Security Principles

iv



TERM LOAN CREDIT AGREEMENT dated as of February 2, 2021 (this “Agreement”), among HORIZON GLOBAL CORPORATION, the LENDERS party hereto and ATLANTIC PARK STRATEGIC CAPITAL FUND, L.P., as Administrative Agent and Collateral Agent.
RECITALS:
In consideration of the premises and the agreements, provisions and covenants herein contained, the parties hereto hereby agree as follows:
ARTICLE I
Definitions
SECTION 1.01Defined Terms.
As used in this Agreement, the following terms have the meanings specified below:
ABL Agent” means Encina Business Credit, LLC, as administrative agent and/or collateral agent, as applicable, under the ABL Credit Agreement, and its successors and assigns.
ABL Credit Agreement” means the Loan and Security Agreement, dated as of March 13, 2020, among the Borrower, as a guarantor, the Subsidiaries of the Borrower party thereto as borrowers or guarantors, the lenders party thereto and the ABL Agent, as such document or the credit facility thereunder may be amended, restated, supplemented, replaced, refinanced or otherwise modified from time to time in accordance with the requirements thereof and of this Agreement and the ABL/Term Loan Intercreditor Agreement.
ABL Loan” means a loan made pursuant to the ABL Credit Agreement.
ABL Loan Documents” means collectively (a) the ABL Credit Agreement, (b) the ABL Security Documents, (c) any promissory note evidencing loans under the ABL Credit Agreement and (d) any amendment, waiver, supplement or other modification to any of the documents described in clauses (a) through (c), in each case as such documents may be amended, restated, supplemented, replaced, refinanced or otherwise modified from time to time in accordance with the requirements thereof and of this Agreement.
ABL Priority Collateral” has the meaning assigned to such term in the ABL/Term Loan Intercreditor Agreement.
ABL Security Documents” means the collective reference to collateral provisions contained in the ABL Credit Agreement and all other security documents delivered to the ABL Agent granting a Lien on any property of any Person to secure the obligations and liabilities of any Loan Party under the ABL Credit Agreement, as such documents may be amended, restated, supplemented, replaced, refinanced or otherwise modified from time to time in accordance with the requirements thereof and of this Agreement.
ABL/Term Loan Intercreditor Agreement” means the Intercreditor Agreement, dated on or about February 2, 2021, among the Borrower, the other Loan Parties party thereto, the Collateral Agent and the ABL Agent, as amended, restated or modified in accordance therewith from time to time pursuant to the terms thereof.



ABN AMRO Factoring Agreement” means the Factoring Agreement, dated as of June 5, 2012, between Westfalia-Automotive GmbH and ABN AMRO Commercial Finance GmbH, as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time.
ABR”, when used in reference to any Loan or Borrowing, refers to whether such Loan, or the Loans comprising such Borrowing, are bearing interest at a rate determined by reference to the Alternate Base Rate.
Adjusted LIBO Rate” means, with respect to any Eurocurrency Borrowing for any Interest Period, an interest rate per annum equal to (a) the LIBO Rate for such Interest Period multiplied by (b) the Statutory Reserve Rate; provided that the Adjusted LIBO Rate shall not be less than 1.00% per annum.
Administrative Agent” means Atlantic Park, in its capacity as administrative agent for the Lenders hereunder.
Administrative Agent’s Account” means the account from time to time designated by the Administrative Agent as the account to which payments hereunder are to be directed.
Administrative Questionnaire” means an Administrative Questionnaire in a form supplied by the Administrative Agent.
Affected Financial Institution” means (a) any EEA Financial Institution or (b) any UK Financial Institution.
Affiliate” means, with respect to a specified Person, another Person that directly, or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, Controls or is Controlled by or is under common Control with the Person specified.
Agent Indemnitee” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 10.03(b).
Agents” means, collectively, the Administrative Agent and the Collateral Agent.
Agreed Security Principles” means Exhibit H hereto.
Agreement” has the meaning assigned to such term in the preamble hereto.
All-In Yield” means, as to any Indebtedness, the effective all-in yield applicable thereto as reasonably determined by the Administrative Agent in a manner consistent with generally accepted financial practices, taking into account: (a) interest rate margins, (b) original issue discount (“OID”) and upfront or similar fees (which shall be deemed to constitute like amounts of OID) payable by the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries or Affiliates to the lenders under, or holders of, such Indebtedness in the initial primary syndication thereof (with OID and upfront fees being equated to interest based on assumed four-year life to maturity (or, if less, the stated weighted average life to maturity at the time of its incurrence of the applicable Indebtedness)), and (c) any interest rate floor, but excluding (i) any arrangement, commitment, structuring, agency or underwriting fees that are not paid to or shared with all relevant lenders generally in connection with the commitment or syndication of such Indebtedness, (ii) any ticking, unused line or similar fees or (iii) any other fee that is not paid directly by the Borrower generally to all relevant lenders ratably in the primary syndication of such Indebtedness; provided that (A) to the extent that any interest rate specified for such Indebtedness that is subject to a floor (in each case,
6


without giving effect to any such floor on the date on which the All-In Yield is being calculated) is less than such floor, the amount of such difference will be deemed added to the interest rate margin applicable to such Indebtedness for purposes of calculating the All-In Yield and (B) to the extent that any interest rate specified for such Indebtedness that is subject to a floor (in each case, without giving effect to any such floor on the date on which the All-In Yield is being calculated) is equal to or greater than such floor, the floor will be disregarded in calculating the All-In Yield.
Alternate Base Rate” means, for any day, a rate per annum equal to the greatest of (a) the Prime Rate in effect on such day, (b) the NYFRB Rate in effect on such day plus ½ of 1.00% and (c) the Adjusted LIBO Rate on such day (or if such day is not a Business Day, the immediately preceding Business Day) for a deposit in dollars with a maturity of one month plus 1.00%; provided that the Alternate Base Rate shall not be less than 2.00% per annum. For purposes of clause (c) above, the Adjusted LIBO Rate on any day shall be the LIBO Rate, two Business Days prior to such day for deposits in dollars with a maturity of one month. Any change in the Alternate Base Rate due to a change in the Prime Rate, the NYFRB Rate or the Adjusted LIBO Rate shall be effective from and including the effective date of such change in the Prime Rate, the Federal Funds Effective Rate or the Adjusted LIBO Rate, as the case may be. If the Alternate Base Rate is being used as an alternate rate of interest pursuant to Section 2.14 hereof, then the Alternate Base Rate shall be the greater of clauses (a) and (b) above and shall be determined without reference to clause (c) above.
Anti-Corruption Laws” means all laws, rules, and regulations of any jurisdiction applicable to the Borrower or its Subsidiaries from time to time concerning or relating to bribery or corruption.
Applicable Law” means all laws, rules, regulations and governmental guidelines applicable to any Person, conduct, transaction, agreement or matter in question, including all applicable statutory law, common law and equitable principles (including, without limitation, any banking, exchange control, financial assistance, minimum capitalization, fraudulent conveyance, mandatory labor advice or similar rules or regulations), and all provisions of constitutions, treaties, statutes, rules, regulations, orders and decrees of Governmental Authorities.
Applicable Rate” means, for any day, (a) with respect to ABR Loans, 6.50% per annum and (b) with respect to Eurocurrency Loans, 7.50% per annum.
Approved Fund” means any Person (other than a natural person) that is engaged in making, purchasing, holding or investing in bank loans and similar extensions of credit in the ordinary course and that is administered or managed by (a) a Lender, (b) an Affiliate of a Lender or (c) an entity or an Affiliate of an entity that administers or manages a Lender.
Assignment and Assumption” means an assignment and assumption entered into by a Lender and an assignee (with the consent of any Person whose consent is required by Section 10.04), and accepted by the Administrative Agent, in the form of Exhibit A or any other form approved by the Administrative Agent.
Atlantic Park” means Atlantic Park Strategic Capital Fund, L.P.
Available Tenor” means, as of any date of determination and with respect to the then-current Benchmark, as applicable, (x) if the then-current Benchmark is a term rate, any tenor for such Benchmark or (y) otherwise, any payment period for interest calculated with reference to such Benchmark, as applicable, that is or may be used for determining the length of an Interest Period pursuant
7


to this Agreement as of such date and not including, for the avoidance of doubt, any tenor for such Benchmark that is then-removed from the definition of “Interest Period” pursuant to Section 2.14(d).
Bail-In Action” means the exercise of any Write-Down and Conversion Powers by the applicable Resolution Authority in respect of any liability of an Affected Financial Institution.
Bail-In Legislation” means (a) with respect to any EEA Member Country implementing Article 55 of Directive 2014/59/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of the European Union, the implementing law, regulation, rule or requirement for such EEA Member Country from time to time which is described in the EU Bail-In Legislation Schedule and (b) with respect to the United Kingdom, Part I of the United Kingdom Banking Act 2009 (as amended from time to time) and any other law, regulation or rule applicable in the United Kingdom relating to the resolution of unsound or failing banks, investment firms or other financial institutions or their affiliates (other than through liquidation, administration or other insolvency proceedings).
Benchmark” means, initially, the Adjusted LIBO Rate; provided that if a Benchmark Transition Event, a Term SOFR Transition Event, or an Early Opt-in Election, as applicable, and its related Benchmark Replacement Date, have occurred with respect to the Adjusted LIBO Rate or the then-current Benchmark, then “Benchmark” means the applicable Benchmark Replacement to the extent that such Benchmark Replacement has replaced such prior benchmark rate pursuant to Section 2.14(a).
Benchmark Replacement” means, for any Available Tenor,
(a)    with respect to any Benchmark Transition Event or Early Opt-in Election, the first alternative set forth in the order below that can be determined by the Administrative Agent for the applicable Benchmark Replacement Date:
(1)    the sum of: (A) Term SOFR and (B) the related Benchmark Replacement Adjustment; provided that if the Borrower has provided a notification to the Administrative Agent in writing on or prior to such Benchmark Replacement Date that the Borrower has a Hedging Agreement in place with respect to any of the Loans as of the date of such notice (which such notification the Administrative Agent shall be entitled to rely upon and shall have no duty or obligation to ascertain the correctness or completeness of), then the Administrative Agent, in its sole discretion, may decide not to determine the Benchmark Replacement pursuant to this clause (a)(1) for such Benchmark Transition Event or Early Opt-in Election, as applicable;
(2)    the sum of: (A) Daily Simple SOFR and (B) the related Benchmark Replacement Adjustment;
(3)    the sum of: (A) the alternate benchmark rate that has been selected by the Administrative Agent and the Borrower as the replacement for the then-current Benchmark for the applicable Corresponding Tenor giving due consideration to (i) any selection or recommendation of a replacement benchmark rate or the mechanism for determining such a rate by the Relevant Governmental Body or (ii) any evolving or then-prevailing market convention for determining a benchmark rate as a replacement for the then-current Benchmark for dollar-denominated syndicated credit facilities at such time and (B) the related Benchmark Replacement Adjustment; or
(b)    with respect to any Term SOFR Transition Event, the sum of (i) Term SOFR and (ii) the related Benchmark Replacement Adjustment;
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provided that (i) in the case of clause (a)(1), if the Administrative Agent decides that Term SOFR is not administratively feasible for the Administrative Agent, then Term SOFR will be deemed unable to be determined for purposes of this definition and (ii) in the case of clause (a)(1) or clause (b) of this definition, the applicable Unadjusted Benchmark Replacement is displayed on a screen or other information service that publishes such rate from time to time as selected by the Administrative Agent in its reasonable discretion. If the Benchmark Replacement as determined pursuant to clause (a)(1), (a)(2) or (a)(3) or clause (b) of this definition would be less than the Floor, the Benchmark Replacement will be deemed to be the Floor for the purposes of this Agreement and the other Loan Documents.
Benchmark Replacement Adjustment” means, with respect to any replacement of the then-current Benchmark with an Unadjusted Benchmark Replacement for any applicable Interest Period and Available Tenor for any setting of such Unadjusted Benchmark Replacement:
(a)    for purposes of clauses (a)(1) and (a)(2) of the definition of “Benchmark Replacement,” the first alternative set forth in the order below that can be determined by the Administrative Agent:
(1)    the spread adjustment, or method for calculating or determining such spread adjustment (which may be a positive or negative value or zero) as of the Reference Time such Benchmark Replacement is first set for such Interest Period that has been selected or recommended by the Relevant Governmental Body for the replacement of such Available Tenor of such Benchmark with the applicable Unadjusted Benchmark Replacement;
(2)    the spread adjustment (which may be a positive or negative value or zero) as of the Reference Time such Benchmark Replacement is first set for such Interest Period that would apply to the fallback rate for a derivative transaction referencing the ISDA Definitions to be effective upon an index cessation event with respect to such Available Tenor of such Benchmark;
(b)    for purposes of clause (a)(3) of the definition of “Benchmark Replacement,” the spread adjustment, or method for calculating or determining such spread adjustment, (which may be a positive or negative value or zero) that has been selected by the Administrative Agent giving due consideration to (i) any selection or recommendation of a spread adjustment, or method for calculating or determining such spread adjustment, for the replacement of such Available Tenor of such Benchmark with the applicable Unadjusted Benchmark Replacement by the Relevant Governmental Body on the applicable Benchmark Replacement Date or (ii) any evolving or then-prevailing market convention for determining a spread adjustment, or method for calculating or determining such spread adjustment, for the replacement of such Available Tenor of such Benchmark with the applicable Unadjusted Benchmark Replacement for dollar-denominated syndicated credit facilities; and
(c)    for purposes of clause (b) of the definition of “Benchmark Replacement,” the spread adjustment, or method for calculating or determining such spread adjustment (which may be a positive or negative value or zero), as of the Reference Time such Benchmark Replacement is first set for such Interest Period that has been selected or recommended by the Relevant Governmental Body for the replacement of such Available Tenor of the Adjusted LIBO Rate with a SOFR-based rate;
provided that (x) in the case of clause (a) above, such adjustment is displayed on a screen or other information service that publishes such Benchmark Replacement Adjustment from time to time as selected by the Administrative Agent in its reasonable discretion and (y) if the then-current Benchmark
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is a term rate, more than one tenor of such Benchmark is available as of the applicable Benchmark Replacement Date and the applicable Unadjusted Benchmark Replacement that will replace such Benchmark in accordance with Section 2.14(a) will not be a term rate, the Available Tenor of such Benchmark for purposes of this definition of “Benchmark Replacement Adjustment” shall be deemed to be, with respect to each Unadjusted Benchmark Replacement having a payment period for interest calculated with reference thereto, the Available Tenor that has approximately the same length (disregarding business day adjustments) as such payment period.
Benchmark Replacement Conforming Changes” means, with respect to any Benchmark Replacement, any technical, administrative or operational changes (including changes to the definition of “Alternate Base Rate”, the definition of “Business Day”, the definition of “Interest Period”, timing and frequency of determining rates and making payments of interest, timing of Borrowing Requests, prepayment notices, Interest Election Requests, length of lookback periods, the applicability of breakage provisions, and other technical, administrative or operational matters) that the Administrative Agent decides may be appropriate to reflect the adoption and implementation of such Benchmark Replacement and to permit the administration thereof by the Administrative Agent in a manner substantially consistent with market practice (or, if the Administrative Agent decides that adoption of any portion of such market practice is not administratively feasible or if the Administrative Agent determines that no market practice for the administration of such Benchmark Replacement exists, in such other manner of administration as the Administrative Agent decides is reasonably necessary in connection with the administration of this Agreement and the other Loan Documents).
Benchmark Replacement Date” means the earliest to occur of the following events with respect to the then-current Benchmark:
(a)    in the case of clause (a) or (b) of the definition of “Benchmark Transition Event,” the later of (a) the date of the public statement or publication of information referenced therein and (b) the date on which the administrator of such Benchmark (or the published component used in the calculation thereof) permanently or indefinitely ceases to provide all Available Tenors of such Benchmark (or such component thereof);
(b)    in the case of clause (c) of the definition of “Benchmark Transition Event,” the date of the public statement or publication of information referenced therein;
(c)    in the case of a Term SOFR Transition Event, the date that is thirty (30) days after the Administrative Agent has provided the Term SOFR Notice to the Lenders and the Borrower pursuant to Section 2.14(a)(ii); or
(d)    in the case of an Early Opt-in Election, the sixth (6th) Business Day after the date notice of such Early Opt-in Election is provided to the Lenders, so long as the Administrative Agent has not received, by 5:00 p.m. (New York City time) on the fifth (5th) Business Day after the date notice of such Early Opt-in Election is provided to the Lenders, written notice of objection to such Early Opt-in Election from Lenders comprising the Required Lenders.
For the avoidance of doubt, (i) if the event giving rise to the Benchmark Replacement Date occurs on the same day as, but earlier than, the Reference Time in respect of any determination, the Benchmark Replacement Date will be deemed to have occurred prior to the Reference Time for such determination and (ii) the “Benchmark Replacement Date” will be deemed to have occurred in the case of clause (a) or (b) with respect to any Benchmark upon the occurrence of the applicable event or events set
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forth therein with respect to all then-current Available Tenors of such Benchmark (or the published component used in the calculation thereof).
Benchmark Transition Event” means the occurrence of one or more of the following events with respect to the then-current Benchmark:
(a)    a public statement or publication of information by or on behalf of the administrator of such Benchmark (or the published component used in the calculation thereof) announcing that such administrator has ceased or will cease to provide all Available Tenors of such Benchmark (or such component thereof), permanently or indefinitely, provided that at the time of such statement or publication, there is no successor administrator that will continue to provide any Available Tenor of such Benchmark (or such component thereof);
(b)    a public statement or publication of information by the regulatory supervisor for the administrator of such Benchmark (or the published component used in the calculation thereof), the Federal Reserve System of the United States, the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, an insolvency official with jurisdiction over the administrator for such Benchmark (or such component), a resolution authority with jurisdiction over the administrator for such Benchmark (or such component) or a court or an entity with similar insolvency or resolution authority over the administrator for such Benchmark (or such component), which states that the administrator of such Benchmark (or such component) has ceased or will cease to provide all Available Tenors of such Benchmark (or such component thereof) permanently or indefinitely, provided that, at the time of such statement or publication, there is no successor administrator that will continue to provide any Available Tenor of such Benchmark (or such component thereof); or
(c)    a public statement or publication of information by the regulatory supervisor for the administrator of such Benchmark (or the published component used in the calculation thereof) announcing that all Available Tenors of such Benchmark (or such component thereof) are no longer representative
.
For the avoidance of doubt, a “Benchmark Transition Event” will be deemed to have occurred with respect to any Benchmark if a public statement or publication of information set forth above has occurred with respect to each then-current Available Tenor of such Benchmark (or the published component used in the calculation thereof).
Benchmark Unavailability Period” means the period (if any) (x) beginning at the time that a Benchmark Replacement Date pursuant to clauses (a) or (b) of that definition has occurred if, at such time, no Benchmark Replacement has replaced the then-current Benchmark for all purposes hereunder and under any Loan Document in accordance with Section 2.14 and (y) ending at the time that a Benchmark Replacement has replaced the then-current Benchmark for all purposes hereunder and under any Loan Document in accordance with Section 2.14.
Beneficial Ownership Certification” means a certification regarding beneficial ownership as required by the Beneficial Ownership Regulation.
Beneficial Ownership Regulation” means 31 C.F.R. § 1010.230.
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Board” means the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System of the United States of America.
Borrower” means Horizon Global Corporation, a Delaware corporation.
Borrowing” means Loans of the same Class and Type, made, converted or continued on the same date and as to which a single Interest Period is in effect.
Borrowing Base” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in the ABL Credit Agreement (as defined in the ABL Credit Agreement on the Closing Date).
Borrowing Request” means a written request by the Borrower for a Borrowing in accordance with Section 2.03, which shall be in substantially the form of Exhibit B or any other form approved by the Administrative Agent.
Business Day” means any day that is not a Saturday, Sunday or other day on which commercial banks in New York City are authorized or required by law to remain closed; provided that when used in connection with any Eurocurrency Loan, the term “Business Day” shall also exclude any day on which banks are not open for dealings in dollar deposits in the London interbank market.
Capital Expenditures” means, for any period, without duplication, (a) the additions to property, plant and equipment and other capital expenditures of the Borrower and its consolidated Subsidiaries that are (or would be) set forth in a consolidated statement of cash flows of the Borrower for such period prepared in accordance with GAAP other than such additions and expenditures made with Net Proceeds from any casualty or other insured damage or condemnation or similar awards and (b) Capital Lease Obligations incurred by the Borrower and its consolidated Subsidiaries during such period.
Capital Lease Obligations” of any Person means the obligations of such Person to pay rent or other amounts under any lease of (or other arrangement conveying the right to use) real or personal property, or a combination thereof, which obligations are required to be classified and accounted for as capital leases on a balance sheet of such Person under GAAP, and the amount of such obligations shall be the capitalized amount thereof determined in accordance with GAAP; provided that any change in GAAP after the Closing Date that would require lease obligations that would have been characterized and accounted for as operating leases in accordance with GAAP as in effect on the Closing Date to be characterized and accounted for as Capital Lease Obligations shall be disregarded for purposes hereof.
Change in Control” means (a) the acquisition of beneficial ownership, directly or indirectly, by any Person or group (within the meaning of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and the rules of the Commission thereunder), of Equity Interests representing more than 35% of either the aggregate ordinary voting power represented by the issued and outstanding Equity Interests in the Borrower or (b) the occurrence of any change in control (or similar event, however denominated) with respect to the Borrower under (i) any indenture or other agreement in respect of Material Indebtedness to which the Borrower or any Subsidiary is a party or (ii) any instrument governing any preferred stock of the Borrower or any Subsidiary having a liquidation value or redemption value in excess of $5,000,000.
Change in Law” means (a) the adoption of any law, rule or regulation after the date hereof, (b) any change in any law, rule or regulation or in the interpretation or application thereof by any Governmental Authority after the date hereof or (c) compliance by any Lender (or, for purposes of Section 2.15(b), by any lending office of such Lender or by such Lender’s holding company, if any) with any request, guideline or directive (whether or not having the force of law) of any Governmental
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Authority made or issued after the date hereof; provided that notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, (i) the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act and all requests, rules, guidelines or directives thereunder or issued in connection therewith and (ii) all requests, rules, guidelines or directives promulgated by the Bank for International Settlements, the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (or any successor or similar authority) or the United States or foreign regulatory authorities, in each case pursuant to Basel III, shall in each case be deemed to be a “Change in Law,” regardless of the date enacted, adopted, promulgated or issued.
Charged Company” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 4.01(t).
Charges” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 10.13.
Class”, when used in reference to (a) any Loan or Borrowing, refers to whether such Loan, or the Loans comprising such Borrowing, are Initial Term Loans, Delayed Draw Term Loans or any other class of loans, (b) any Commitment, refers to whether such Commitment is an Initial Term Loan Commitment, a Delayed Draw Term Loan Commitment or any other commitment and (c) any Lender, refers to whether such Lender has a Loan or Commitment of a particular Class.
Closing Date” means the date on which the conditions specified in Section 4.01 have been satisfied.
Code” means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended from time to time.
Collateral” means any and all “Collateral,” as defined in any applicable Security Document.
Collateral Agent” means Atlantic Park, in its capacity as collateral agent for the Secured Parties under the Security Documents.
Collateral and Guarantee Requirement” means the requirement that (and, with respect to Foreign Subsidiaries, subject to the Agreed Security Principles):
(a)    the Collateral Agent shall have received from each party thereto (other than the Collateral Agent) either (i) a counterpart of the Guarantee and Collateral Agreement duly executed and delivered on behalf of such Loan Party, or (ii) in the case of any Person that becomes a Subsidiary Loan Party after the Closing Date, a supplement to each of the Guarantee and Collateral Agreement and the ABL/Term Loan Intercreditor Agreement, in each case in the form specified therein, duly executed and delivered on behalf of such Subsidiary Loan Party;
(b)    all outstanding Equity Interests of the Borrower and each Subsidiary owned by or on behalf of any Loan Party shall have been pledged pursuant to the Guarantee and Collateral Agreement, together with stock powers or other instruments of transfer with respect thereto endorsed in blank;
(c)    all Indebtedness of the Borrower and each Subsidiary in an aggregate principal amount that exceeds $500,000 that is owing to any Loan Party shall be evidenced by a promissory note and shall have been pledged pursuant to the Guarantee and Collateral Agreement and the Collateral Agent shall have received all such promissory notes, together with instruments of transfer with respect thereto endorsed in blank;
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(d)    all documents and instruments, including Uniform Commercial Code financing statements, PPSA financing statements and intellectual property security agreements, required by law or reasonably requested by the Collateral Agent to be filed, registered or recorded to create the Liens intended to be created by the Guarantee and Collateral Agreement and perfect such Liens to the extent required by, and with the priority required by, the Guarantee and Collateral Agreement (in each case subject to the ABL/Term Loan Intercreditor Agreement), shall have been filed, registered or recorded or delivered to the Collateral Agent for filing, registration or recording;
(e)    the Collateral Agent shall have received (i) counterparts of a Mortgage with respect to any Mortgaged Property duly executed and delivered by the record owner of such Mortgaged Property, (ii) a policy or policies of title insurance issued by a nationally recognized title insurance company insuring the Lien of each such Mortgage as a valid first Lien on the Mortgaged Property described therein, free of any other Liens except as expressly permitted by Section 6.02, together with such endorsements, coinsurance and reinsurance as the Administrative Agent or the Required Lenders may reasonably request, but only to the extent such endorsements are (A) available in the relevant jurisdiction (provided in no event shall the Collateral Agent request a creditors’ rights endorsement) and (B) available at commercially reasonable rates, (iii) then current A.L.T.A. surveys, certified to Administrative Agent by a licensed surveyor, sufficient to allow the issuer of the Required Lender’s title insurance policy to issue such policy without a survey exception, (iv) if any Mortgaged Property is located in an area determined by the Federal Emergency Management Agency to have special flood hazards, evidence of such flood insurance as may be required under Applicable Law, including Regulation H of the Board of Governors, and an acknowledged notice to the Borrower, (v) if reasonably requested by the Administrative Agent, a current appraisal of any Mortgaged Property, prepared by an appraiser acceptable to the Administrative Agent, and in form and substance satisfactory to the Required Lenders (it being understood that if such appraisal is required in order to comply with the Administrative Agent’s internal policies, such request shall be deemed to be reasonable), (vi) if reasonably requested by the Administrative Agent, an environmental assessment with respect to any Mortgaged Property, prepared by environmental engineers reasonably acceptable to the Administrative Agent, and such other reports, certificates, studies or data with respect to such Mortgaged Property as the Administrative Agent may reasonably require, all in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to Required Lenders (it being understood that if such assessment or other materials are required in order to comply with the Administrative Agent’s internal policies, such request shall be deemed to be reasonable), and (vii) such abstracts, legal opinions and other documents as the Administrative Agent or the Required Lenders may reasonably request with respect to any such Mortgage or Mortgaged Property; and
(f)    each Loan Party shall have obtained all consents and approvals required to be obtained by it in connection with the execution and delivery of all Security Documents to which it is a party, the performance of its obligations thereunder and the granting by it of the Liens thereunder;
provided that with respect to any Subsidiary Loan Party that is a Foreign Subsidiary organized under the laws of Germany, the United Kingdom (or any political subdivision thereof), Mexico, Canada (or any province or territory thereof) or the Netherlands, the Collateral and Guarantee Requirement shall require provision of the documents and satisfaction of the requirements described in the Agreed Security Principles; provided further that, notwithstanding anything to the contrary set forth herein, within ninety (90) days of the Closing Date (or such later date as the Administrative Agent may agree) the Equity Interests of each Subsidiary Loan Party (whether or not owned by another Loan Party) shall be pledged pursuant to a Security Document entered into under the laws of the jurisdiction of organization of such
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Subsidiary Loan Party (with the understanding that no legal opinions or other deliverables shall be required in connection therewith except to the extent required or reasonably necessary to perfect the security interests of the Collateral Agent in the equity interests pledged thereunder).
Commission” means the Securities and Exchange Commission or any Governmental Authority succeeding to any or all of the functions of said Commission.
Commitment” means a Term Loan Commitment.
Commitment Fee Termination Date” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 2.12(b).
Connection Income Taxes” means Other Connection Taxes that are imposed on or measured by net income (however denominated) or that are franchise Taxes or branch profits Taxes.
Consolidated EBITDA” means, for any period, Consolidated Net Income for such period plus (a) without duplication and to the extent deducted in determining such Consolidated Net Income, the sum of (i) consolidated cash interest expense for such period, (ii) consolidated income tax expense for such period (including all single business tax expenses imposed by state law), (iii) all amounts attributable to depreciation and amortization for such period, (iv) [reserved], (v) interest-equivalent costs associated with any Specified Vendor Receivables Financing for such period, whether accounted for as interest expense or loss on the sale of receivables, and all Preferred Dividends, (vi) all losses during such period that relate to the retirement of Indebtedness, (vii) non-cash expenses during such period resulting from the grant of Equity Interests to management and employees of the Borrower or any of the Subsidiaries, (viii) the aggregate amount of deferred financing expenses for such period, (ix) all other non-cash expenses or losses of the Borrower or any of the Subsidiaries for such period (excluding any such charge that constitutes an accrual of or a reserve for cash charges for any future period), (x) fees, costs and expenses in connection with the Transactions, (xi) fees and expenses in connection with the issuance or offering of Equity Interests or any Indebtedness (in each case, whether or not consummated); provided that the aggregate amount added to Consolidated EBITDA pursuant to this clause (xi), together with clauses (xii), (xiv) and (xvi), shall not exceed $8,000,000 for all periods, (xii) costs and expenses of professional fees of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries or of any Agent or Lender to the extent the Borrower is required to reimburse such Agent or Lender therefor; provided that the aggregate amount added to Consolidated EBITDA pursuant to this clause (xii), together with clauses (xi), (xiv) and (xvi), shall not exceed $8,000,000 for all periods, (xiii) unusual or nonrecurring expenses or costs, including restructuring, moving and severance expense, provided that the aggregate amount added to Consolidated EBITDA pursuant to this clause (xiii) shall not exceed $10,000,000 in any four fiscal quarter period, (xiv) fees, costs and expenses incurred in connection with any proposed asset sale (whether or not consummated) (other than the Foreign Business Disposition); provided that the aggregate amount added to Consolidated EBITDA pursuant to this clause (xiv), together with clauses (xi), (xii) and (xvi), shall not exceed $8,000,000 for all periods, (xv) non-cash losses on asset sales, (xvi) any fees, costs and expenses in connection with the maintenance and/or forgiveness of the PPP Loan, provided that the aggregate amount added to Consolidated EBITDA pursuant to this clause (xvi), together with clauses (xi), (xii) and (xiv), shall not exceed $8,000,000 for all periods and (xvii) fees, costs and expenses incurred in connection with the Foreign Business Disposition, provided that the aggregate amount added to Consolidated EBITDA pursuant to this clause (xvii) shall not exceed $8,000,000 for all periods, minus (b) without duplication and to the extent included in determining such Consolidated Net Income, (i) [reserved], (ii) any non-cash income, profits or gains for such period, and (iii) any gains realized from the retirement of Indebtedness after the Closing Date, all determined on a consolidated basis in accordance
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with GAAP. If the Borrower or any Subsidiary has made any Significant Investment or any sale, transfer, lease or other disposition of assets outside of the ordinary course of business permitted by Section 6.05 during the relevant period for determining any leverage ratio hereunder, Consolidated EBITDA for the relevant period shall be calculated only for purposes of determining such leverage ratio after giving pro forma effect thereto, as if such Significant Investment or sale, transfer, lease or other disposition of assets had occurred on the first day of the relevant period for determining Consolidated EBITDA; provided that with respect to any Significant Investment, (x) any pro forma adjustment made to Consolidated EBITDA shall be in proportion to the percentage ownership of the Borrower or such Subsidiary, as applicable, in the Subject Person (e.g. if the Borrower acquires 70% of the Equity Interests of the Subject Person, a pro forma adjustment to Consolidated EBITDA shall be made with respect to no more than 70% of the EBITDA of the Subject Person) and (y) pro forma effect shall only be given to such Significant Investment if the Indebtedness of the Subject Person is included in Total Indebtedness for purposes of calculating the applicable leverage ratio in proportion to the percentage ownership of the Borrower or such Subsidiary, as applicable, in such Subject Person. Any such pro forma calculations may include operating and other expense reductions and other adjustments for such period resulting from any sale, transfer, lease or other disposition of assets that is being given pro forma effect to the extent that such operating and other expense reductions and other adjustments would be permitted pursuant to Article XI of Regulation S-X under the Securities Act of 1933.
Consolidated Net Income” means, for any period, the net income or loss of the Borrower and the Subsidiaries for such period, determined on a consolidated basis in accordance with GAAP; provided that there shall be excluded (a) the income of any Person (other than the Borrower or a Significant Investment) in which any other Person (other than the Borrower or any Subsidiary or any director holding qualifying shares in compliance with Applicable Law) owns an Equity Interest, except to the extent of the amount of dividends or other distributions actually paid to the Borrower or any of the Subsidiaries during such period, (b) the income or loss of any Person accrued prior to the date it becomes a Subsidiary or is merged into or consolidated with the Borrower or any Subsidiary or the date that such Person’s assets are acquired by the Borrower or any Subsidiary and (c) the cumulative effect of a change in accounting principles during such period to the extent included in Consolidated Net Income.
Control” means the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management or policies of a Person, whether through the ability to exercise voting power, by contract or otherwise. “Controlling” and “Controlled” have meanings correlative thereto.
Convertible Notes” means the 2.75% Convertible Senior Notes of the Borrower due 2022 issued pursuant to the Convertible Notes Indenture.
Convertible Notes Indenture” means the First Supplemental Indenture between the Borrower and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, dated as of February 1, 2017.
Corresponding Tenor” with respect to any Available Tenor means, as applicable, either a tenor (including overnight) or an interest payment period having approximately the same length (disregarding business day adjustment) as such Available Tenor.
Daily Simple SOFR” means, for any day, SOFR, with the conventions for this rate (which will include a lookback) being established by the Administrative Agent in accordance with the conventions for this rate selected or recommended by the Relevant Governmental Body for determining “Daily Simple SOFR” for syndicated business loans; provided, that if the Administrative Agent decides
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that any such convention is not administratively feasible for the Administrative Agent, then the Administrative Agent may establish another convention in its reasonable discretion.
Default” means any event or condition which constitutes an Event of Default or which upon notice, lapse of time or both would, unless cured or waived, become an Event of Default.
Defaulting Lender” means any Lender that (a) has failed, within one Business Day of the date required to be funded or paid, to (i) fund any portion of its Loans or (ii) pay over to the Administrative Agent or any other Lender any other amount required to be paid by it hereunder, (b) has notified the Borrower or Administrative Agent in writing, or it or its parent has made a public statement, to the effect that it does not intend or expect to comply with any of its funding obligations under this Agreement or generally under other agreements in which it or its parent commits to extend credit, (c) has failed, within two Business Days after request by the Administrative Agent, acting in good faith, to provide a certification in writing from an authorized officer of such Lender that it will comply with its obligations (and is financially able to meet such obligations) to fund prospective Loans under this Agreement, provided that such Lender shall cease to be a Defaulting Lender pursuant to this clause (c) upon the Administrative Agent’s receipt of such certification in form and substance satisfactory to the Administrative Agent, (d) had an involuntary proceeding commenced or an involuntary petition filed seeking (i) liquidation, reorganization or other relief in respect of such Lender or its parent or its or its parent’s debts, or of a substantial part of its or its parent’s assets, under any federal, state or foreign bankruptcy, insolvency, receivership or similar law now or hereafter in effect or (ii) the appointment of a receiver, trustee, custodian, sequestrator, conservator or similar official for such Lender or its parent or for a substantial part of its or its parent’s assets, or (e) shall have or whose parent shall have (i) voluntarily commenced any proceeding or filed any petition seeking liquidation, reorganization or other relief under any federal, state or foreign bankruptcy, insolvency, receivership or similar law now or hereafter in effect, (ii) consented to the institution of, or fail to contest in a timely and appropriate manner, any proceeding or petition described in clause (d) of this definition, (iii) applied for or consented to the appointment of a receiver, trustee, custodian, sequestrator, conservator or similar official for it or a substantial part of its assets, (iv) filed an answer admitting the material allegations of a petition filed against it in any such proceeding, (v) made a general assignment for the benefit of creditors or (vi) taken any action for the purpose of effecting any of the foregoing.
Delayed Draw Closing Date” means the date on which the Delayed Draw Conditions have been satisfied or waived.
Delayed Draw Conditions” means those conditions set forth in Section 4.02.
Delayed Draw Term Loan Commitment” shall mean $125,000,000; provided, that the Delayed Draw Term Loan Commitment shall automatically be reduced to $0 on the Delayed Draw Term Loan Commitment Expiration Date.
Delayed Draw Term Loan Commitment Expiration Date” means the earliest of (x) the date as of which the Delayed Draw Term Loan Commitment has been utilized in accordance with the terms of Section 2.01(b), (y) the date on which the Delayed Draw Term Loan Commitments are otherwise reduced to $0 pursuant to Section 2.08(c) and (z) June 30, 2022.
Delayed Draw Term Commitment Fee” has the meaning assigned such term in Section 2.12(b).
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Delayed Draw Term Loans” shall mean a Loan made by the Lenders to the Borrower pursuant to Section 2.01(b).
Delayed Draw Term Loan Note” means a promissory note of the Borrower payable to any Term Lender or its registered assigns, in substantially the form of Exhibit C-2 hereto, evidencing the aggregate Indebtedness of the Borrower to such Term Lender resulting from any Delayed Draw Term Loans made by such Term Lender.
Discharge of ABL Obligations” has the meaning assigned to such term in the ABL/Term Loan Intercreditor Agreement.
Disclosed Matters” means the actions, suits and proceedings and the environmental matters disclosed in Schedule 3.06.
Disqualified Lender” means any bank, financial institution, institution lender or any other Person that has been specified to the Administrative Agent by the Borrower in writing prior to the Closing Date.
Disqualified Stock” means any stock that is not common stock or Qualified Borrower Preferred Stock.
dollars” or “$” refers to lawful money of the United States of America.
Domestic Subsidiary” means any Subsidiary, other than the Foreign Subsidiaries.
Early Opt-in Election” means, if the then-current Benchmark is the Adjusted LIBO Rate, the occurrence of:
(a)    a notification by the Administrative Agent to (or the request by the Borrower to the Administrative Agent to notify) each of the other parties hereto that at least five currently outstanding Dollar-denominated syndicated credit facilities at such time contain (as a result of amendment or as originally executed) a SOFR-based rate (including SOFR, a term SOFR or any other rate based upon SOFR) as a benchmark rate (and such syndicated credit facilities are identified in such notice and are publicly available for review), and
(b)    the election by the Administrative Agent to trigger a fallback from the Adjusted LIBO Rate and the provision by the Administrative Agent of written notice of such election to the Lenders.
EEA Financial Institution” means (a) any institution established in any EEA Member Country which is subject to the supervision of an EEA Resolution Authority, (b) any entity established in an EEA Member Country which is a parent of an institution described in clause (a) of this definition, or (c) any institution established in an EEA Member Country which is a subsidiary of an institution described in clauses (a) or (b) of this definition and is subject to consolidated supervision with its parent.
EEA Member Country” means any of the member states of the European Union, Iceland, Liechtenstein, and Norway.
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EEA Resolution Authority” means any public administrative authority or any Person entrusted with public administrative authority of any EEA Member Country (including any delegee) having responsibility for the resolution of any EEA Financial Institution.
Environmental Laws” means any Applicable Laws, or binding orders, decrees, judgments, injunctions, notices or agreements issued, promulgated or entered into by any Governmental Authority, relating in any way to pollution, the protection of the environment, preservation or reclamation of natural resources, the management, Release or threatened Release of any Hazardous Material or to public or worker health and safety matters (with respect to Hazardous Materials).
Environmental Liability” means any liabilities, obligations, damages, losses, claims, actions, suits, judgments, or orders, contingent or otherwise (including any liability for damages, costs of environmental remediation, costs of administrative oversight, fines, natural resource damages, penalties or indemnities), directly or indirectly resulting from or relating to (a) any actual or alleged non-compliance with any Environmental Law, (b) the generation, use, handling, transportation, storage, treatment, labeling or disposal of any Hazardous Materials, (c) any actual or alleged exposure to any Hazardous Materials, (d) the actual or alleged Release or threatened Release of any Hazardous Materials or (e) any contract, agreement or other consensual arrangement pursuant to which liability is assumed or imposed with respect to any of the foregoing.
Environmental Notice” means written notice, report or other information from any Person of any possible noncompliance with, investigation of a possible violation of, litigation relating to, or potential fine or liability under, any Environmental Law, or with respect to any Release or threatened Release, environmental pollution or Hazardous Materials, including any complaint, summons, citation, order, claim, demand, directive or request for correction, remediation or other response action.
Equity Interests” means shares of capital stock, partnership interests, membership interests in a limited liability company, beneficial interests in a trust or other equity ownership interests in a Person or any warrants, options or other rights to acquire such interests, but excluding any debt securities convertible into or referencing any of the foregoing.
ERISA” means the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended from time to time.
ERISA Affiliate” means any trade or business (whether or not incorporated) that, together with any Loan Party, is treated as a single employer under Section 4001(b)(1) of ERISA or Section 414(b) or (c) of the Code or, solely for purposes of Section 302 of ERISA and Section 412 of the Code, is treated as a single employer under Section 414(b), (c), (m) or (o) of the Code.
ERISA Event” means: (a) any “reportable event,” as defined in Section 4043 of ERISA or the regulations issued thereunder with respect to a Plan (other than an event for which the 30 day notice period is waived); (b) a failure by any Plan to satisfy the minimum funding standards (as defined in Section 412 of the Code or Section 302 of ERISA) applicable to such Plan in each instance, whether or not waived; (c) the filing pursuant to Section 412(c) of the Code or Section 302(c) of ERISA of an application for a waiver of the minimum funding standard with respect to any Plan; (d) a determination that any Plan is, or is expected to be, in “at risk” status (as defined in Section 430(i)(4) of the Code or Section 303(i)(4) of ERISA); (e) the incurrence by any Loan Party or any ERISA Affiliate of any liability under Title IV of ERISA with respect to the termination of any Plan; (f) the receipt by any Loan Party or any ERISA Affiliate from the PBGC or a plan administrator of any notice relating to an intention to
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terminate any Plan or Plans or to appoint a trustee to administer any Plan; (g) the incurrence by any Loan Party or any ERISA Affiliate of any liability with respect to the withdrawal or partial withdrawal from any Plan or Multiemployer Plan or the failure by any Loan Party or any ERISA Affiliate to make any required contribution to a Multiemployer Plan; or (h) the receipt by any Loan Party or any ERISA Affiliate of any notice, or the receipt by any Multiemployer Plan from any Loan Party or any ERISA Affiliate of any notice, concerning the imposition of Withdrawal Liability or a determination that a Multiemployer Plan is, or is expected to be, insolvent, within the meaning of Title IV of ERISA or in “endangered” or “critical” status (within the meaning of Section 432 of the Code or Section 305 of ERISA).
EU Bail-In Legislation Schedule” means the EU Bail-In Legislation Schedule published by the Loan Market Association (or any successor Person), as in effect from time to time.
Eurocurrency”, when used in reference to any Loan or Borrowing, refers to whether such Loan, or the Loans comprising such Borrowing, are bearing interest at a rate determined by reference to the Adjusted LIBO Rate.
Event of Default” has the meaning assigned to such term in Article VII.
Excluded Taxes” means any of the following Taxes imposed on or with respect to a Recipient or required to be withheld or deducted from a payment to a Recipient, (a) Taxes imposed on or measured by net income (however denominated), or franchise taxes, and branch profits Taxes, in each case, (i) imposed as a result of such Recipient being organized under the laws of, or having its principal office or, in the case of any Lender, its applicable lending office located in, the jurisdiction imposing such Tax (or any political subdivision thereof) or (ii) that are Other Connection Taxes (b) in the case of a Lender (other than an assignee pursuant to a request by the Borrower under Section 2.19(b)), any withholding Taxes resulting from any law in effect (x) at the time such Lender becomes a party to this Agreement or, with respect to any additional position in any Loan acquired after such Lender becomes a party hereto, at the time such additional position is acquired by such Lender or (y) at the time such. Lender designates a new lending office, except to the extent that such Lender (or its assignor, if any) was entitled, immediately prior to designation of a new lending office (or assignment), to receive additional amounts from the Borrower with respect to such withholding Tax pursuant to Section 2.17(a), (c) any withholding Tax imposed pursuant to FATCA and (d) any Tax that is attributable to a recipient’s failure to comply with Section 2.17(f).
Existing Credit Agreement” means that certain Term Loan Credit Agreement, dated as of June 30, 2015, by and among the Borrower, the lenders referred to therein, Cortland Capital Market Services LLC (as successor to JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A.), as administrative agent and collateral agent, and the other parties thereto (as amended, restated, amended and restated, supplemented or otherwise modified prior to the date hereof).
FATCA” means (i) Sections 1471 through 1474 of the Code as of the date of this Agreement (or any amended or successor provision that is substantively comparable and not materially more onerous to comply with), any current or future regulations or official interpretations thereof, (ii) any agreements entered into pursuant to Section 1471(b)(1) of the Code and (iii) any law, regulation, rule, promulgation or official agreement implementing an official government agreement with respect to the foregoing.
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Federal Funds Effective Rate” means, for any day, the rate calculated by the NYFRB based on such day’s federal funds transactions by depositary institutions, as determined in such manner as the NYFRB shall set forth on its public website from time to time, and published on the next succeeding Business Day by the NYFRB as the federal funds effective rate; provided that if the Federal Funds Effective Rate shall be less than zero, such rate shall be deemed to be zero for the purposes of this Agreement; provided, further, that if no such rate is available for such date, the Federal Funds Effective Rate shall be the average of the quotations (rounded upward, if necessary, to a whole multiple of 1/100 of 1%) for the day of such transactions received by the Administrative Agent from three major banks reasonably satisfactory to the Administrative Agent.
Fee Letter” means that certain fee letter, dated as of the Closing Date, by and between the Borrower and the Administrative Agent, as it may be amended, amended and restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time.
Financial Officer” means the chief financial officer, principal accounting officer, treasurer or controller of the Borrower.
Floor” means the benchmark rate floor, if any, provided in this Agreement initially (as of the execution of this Agreement, the modification, amendment or renewal of this Agreement or otherwise) with respect to the Adjusted LIBO Rate.
FLSA” means the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938, as amended from time to time.
Foreign Business Disposition” means any disposition by the Borrower of the Subsidiary (or Subsidiaries) and/or assets which collectively represent all or substantially all of the “Europe-Africa” business (the “Foreign Business”), in each case, in any transaction or related series of transactions permitted hereunder.
Foreign Subsidiary” means any Subsidiary that is organized under the laws of a jurisdiction other than the United States of America or any State thereof or the District of Columbia.
GAAP” means generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America.
Governmental Authority” means the government of the United States of America, any other nation or any political subdivision thereof, whether state, provincial, territorial or local, and any agency, authority, instrumentality, regulatory body, court, central bank or other entity exercising executive, legislative, judicial, taxing, regulatory or administrative powers or functions of or pertaining to government (including any supra-national body exercising such powers or functions, such as the European Union or the European Central Bank).
Guarantee” of or by any Person (the “guarantor”) means any obligation, contingent or otherwise, of the guarantor guaranteeing or having the economic effect of guaranteeing any Indebtedness or other obligation of any other Person (the “primary obligor”) in any manner, whether directly or indirectly, and including any obligation of the guarantor, direct or indirect, (a) to purchase or pay (or advance or supply funds for the purchase or payment of) such Indebtedness or other obligation or to purchase (or to advance or supply funds for the purchase of) any security for the payment thereof, (b) to purchase or lease property, securities or services for the purpose of assuring the owner of such Indebtedness or other obligation of the payment thereof, (c) to maintain working capital, equity capital or any other financial statement condition or liquidity of the primary obligor so as to enable the primary
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obligor to pay such Indebtedness or other obligation or (d) as an account party in respect of any letter of credit or letter of guaranty issued to support such Indebtedness or obligation; provided, that the term “Guarantee” shall not include endorsements for collection or deposit in the ordinary course of business.
Guarantee and Collateral Agreement” means the Term Loan Guarantee and Collateral Agreement, substantially in the form of Exhibit D, made by the Borrower and the Subsidiary Loan Parties party thereto in favor of the Collateral Agent for the benefit of the Secured Parties.
Hazardous Materials” means all explosive, radioactive, flammable, hazardous or toxic substances, materials, wastes or other pollutants, including petroleum or petroleum distillates, asbestos or asbestos containing materials, polychlorinated biphenyls, poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances, toxic mold, radon gas, infectious or medical wastes and all other substances, materials, contaminants, pollutants, chemicals or wastes of any nature regulated, or for which liability or standards may be imposed, pursuant to, any Environmental Law.
Hedging Agreement” means any (i) interest rate protection agreement, foreign currency exchange agreement, commodity price protection agreement or other interest or currency exchange rate or commodity price hedging arrangement, (ii) Permitted Bond Hedge Transaction or (iii) Permitted Warrant Transaction.
Impacted Interest Period” has the meaning assigned to such term in the definition of “LIBO Rate.”
Indebtedness” of any Person means, without duplication, (a) all obligations of such Person for borrowed money or with respect to advances of any kind, (b) all obligations of such Person evidenced by bonds, debentures, notes or similar instruments, (c) all obligations of such Person upon which interest charges are customarily paid, (d) all obligations of such Person under conditional sale or other title retention agreements relating to property acquired by such Person, (e) all obligations of such Person in respect of the deferred purchase price of property or services (excluding current accounts payable incurred in the ordinary course of business and not more than ninety (90) days past due), (f) all Indebtedness of others secured by (or for which the holder of such Indebtedness has an existing right, contingent or otherwise, to be secured by) any Lien on property owned or acquired by such Person, whether or not the Indebtedness secured thereby has been assumed, (g) all Guarantees by such Person of Indebtedness of others, (h) all Capital Lease Obligations of such Person, (i) all obligations, contingent or otherwise, of such Person as an account party in respect of letters of credit and letters of guaranty, (j) all obligations, contingent or otherwise, of such Person in respect of bankers’ acceptances and (k) solely for purposes of Section 6.01 hereof, any and all payment obligations of such Person under or Guarantee by such Person with respect to any Hedging Agreement. The Indebtedness of any Person shall include the Indebtedness of any other entity (including any partnership in which such Person is a general partner) to the extent such Person is liable therefor as a result of such Person’s ownership interest in or other relationship with such entity, except to the extent the terms of such Indebtedness provide that such Person is not liable therefor. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this paragraph, the term “Indebtedness” shall not include (a) agreements providing for indemnification, purchase price adjustments or similar obligations incurred or assumed in connection with the acquisition or disposition of assets or capital stock and agreements providing for deferred purchase price to the extent entered into prior to the date hereof, (b) trade payables and accrued expenses in each case arising in the ordinary course of business and (c) for the avoidance of doubt, operating leases or any guarantees thereof.
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Indemnified Taxes” means (a) any Taxes, other than Excluded Taxes, imposed on or with respect to any payment made by or on account of any obligation of the Borrower under any Loan Document, and (b) Other Taxes.
Indemnitee” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 10.03(b).
Initial Term Loan Commitment” means, as to each Term Lender, its obligation to make an Initial Term Loan to the Borrower pursuant to Section 2.01(a) in an aggregate amount not to exceed the amount set forth opposite such Lender’s name on Schedule 2.01 under the caption “Initial Term Loan Commitment” or in the Assignment and Assumption pursuant to which such Term Lender becomes a party hereto, as applicable, as such amount may be adjusted from time to time in accordance with this Agreement. The aggregate amount of the Initial Term Loan Commitments is $100,000,000.
Initial Term Loans” means the term loans made by the Lenders on the Closing Date to the Borrower pursuant to Section 2.01(a).
Initial Term Loan Note” means a promissory note of the Borrower payable to any Term Lender or its registered assigns, in substantially the form of Exhibit C-1 hereto, evidencing the aggregate Indebtedness of the Borrower to such Term Lender resulting from the Initial Term Loans made by such Term Lender.
Intellectual Property Claim” has the meaning assigned to such term in the ABL Credit Agreement as of the date hereof.
Interest Election Request” means a written request by the Borrower to convert or continue a Borrowing in accordance with Section 2.07, which shall be in the form of Exhibit G or any other form approved by the Administrative Agent.
Interest Payment Date” means (a) with respect to any ABR Loan, the last Business Day of each March, June, September and December and (b) with respect to any Eurocurrency Loan, the last day of the Interest Period applicable to the Borrowing of which such Loan is a part and, in the case of a Eurocurrency Borrowing with an Interest Period of more than three months’ duration, each day prior to the last day of such Interest Period that occurs at intervals of three months’ duration after the first day of such Interest Period.
Interest Period” means, with respect to any Eurocurrency Borrowing, the period commencing on the date of such Borrowing and ending on the numerically corresponding day in the calendar month that is one, two, three or six months thereafter (or twelve months thereafter if, at the time of the relevant Borrowing, all Lenders participating therein agree to make an interest period of such duration available), as the Borrower may elect; provided that (a) if any Interest Period would end on a day other than a Business Day, such Interest Period shall be extended to the next succeeding Business Day unless such next succeeding Business Day would fall in the next calendar month, in which case such Interest Period shall end on the next preceding Business Day, (b) no Interest Period shall extend beyond the Maturity Date and (c) any Interest Period that commences on the last Business Day of a calendar month (or on a day for which there is no numerically corresponding day in the last calendar month of such Interest Period) shall end on the last Business Day of the last calendar month of such Interest Period. For purposes hereof, the date of a Borrowing initially shall be the date on which such Borrowing is made and thereafter shall be the effective date of the most recent conversion or continuation of such Borrowing.
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Interpolated Rate” means, at any time, the rate per annum (rounded to the same number of decimal places as the Screen Rate) determined by the Administrative Agent (which determination shall be conclusive and binding absent manifest error) to be equal to the rate that results from interpolating on a linear basis between: (a) the Screen Rate (for the longest period for which that Screen Rate is available for dollars) that is shorter than the Impacted Interest Period and (b) the Screen Rate (for the shortest period for which that Screen Rate is available for dollars) that exceeds the Impacted Interest Period, in each case, as of the Specified Time on the Quotation Day for such Interest Period. When determining the rate for a period which is less than the shortest period for which the Screen Rate is available, the Screen Rate for purposes of clause (a) above shall be deemed to be the overnight rate for dollars determined by the Administrative Agent from such service as the Administrative Agent may select.
Investment” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 6.04.
ISDA Definitions” means the 2006 ISDA Definitions published by the International Swaps and Derivatives Association, Inc. or any successor thereto, as amended or supplemented from time to time, or any successor definitional booklet for interest rate derivatives published from time to time by the International Swaps and Derivatives Association, Inc. or such successor thereto.
Lender Affiliate” means, (a) with respect to any Lender, (i) an Affiliate or branch of such Lender or (ii) any entity (whether a corporation, partnership, trust or otherwise) that is engaged in making, purchasing, holding or otherwise investing in bank loans and similar extensions of credit in the ordinary course of its business and is administered or managed by a Lender or an Affiliate of such Lender and (b) with respect to any Lender that is a fund that invests in bank loans and similar extensions of credit, any other fund that invests in bank loans and similar extensions of credit and is managed by the same investment advisor as such Lender or by an Affiliate of such investment advisor.
Lender Indemnitee” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 10.03(b).
Lenders” means each Person executing this Agreement as a Lender on the Closing Date and any other Person that shall have become a party hereto after the Closing Date pursuant to an Assignment and Assumption, other than any such Person that ceases to be a party hereto pursuant to an Assignment and Assumption.
LIBO Rate” means, subject to the implementation of a Benchmark Replacement in accordance with Section 2.14, with respect to any Eurocurrency Borrowing for any Interest Period, a rate per annum equal to the London interbank offered rate as administered by ICE Benchmark Administration (or any other Person that takes over the administration of such rate) for dollars for a period equal in length to such Interest Period as published on the applicable Bloomberg page that displays such rate (or, in the event such rate does not appear on such Bloomberg page, on any successor or substitute page on such screen that displays such rate, or on the appropriate page of such other information service that publishes such rate from time to time as selected by the Administrative Agent in its reasonable discretion; in each case the “Screen Rate”) as of the Specified Time on the Quotation Day for such Interest Period; provided that if the Screen Rate shall be less than zero, such rate shall be deemed to be zero for the purposes of this Agreement; provided further that if the Screen Rate shall not be available at such time for such Interest Period (an “Impacted Interest Period”) with respect to dollars, then the LIBO Rate shall be the Interpolated Rate at such time (provided that if the Interpolated Rate shall be less than zero, such rate shall be deemed to be zero for purposes of this Agreement). If no such offered rate exists, such rate will be the rate of interest per annum as reasonably determined by the Administrative Agent, at which deposits of dollars in immediately available funds are offered as of the Specified Time on the Quotation Day for
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such Interest Period by three major banks reasonably satisfactory to the Administrative Agent in the London interbank market for such Interest Period for the applicable principal amount on such date of determination.
Lien” means, with respect to any asset, (a) any mortgage, deed of trust, lien, pledge, hypothecation, encumbrance, charge or security interest in, on or of such asset, (b) the interest of a vendor or a lessor under any conditional sale agreement, capital lease or title retention agreement (or any financing lease having substantially the same economic effect as any of the foregoing) relating to such asset and (c) in the case of securities, any purchase option, call or similar right of a third party with respect to such securities.
Loan Documents” means this Agreement, the Security Documents, the ABL/Term Loan Intercreditor Agreement, the Fee Letter and the promissory notes, if any, executed and delivered pursuant to Section 2.09(e).
Loan Parties” means the Borrower and the Subsidiary Loan Parties.
Loans” means the loans made by the Lenders to the Borrower pursuant to this Agreement.
Make Whole Amount” shall mean, on any date of prepayment of all or any portion of the Loans, an amount in cash equal to (a) the present value, as determined by the Administrative Agent, of all required interest payments (other than such interest that has been paid in cash but including default interest pursuant to Section 2.13(c) if an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing at the time the Make Whole Amount becomes due) due on the Loans that are prepaid from the date of prepayment through and including February 2, 2022 plus (b) 2.50% of the accreted principal amount of such Loans, in each case, discounted to the date of prepayment by an amount equal to the rate applicable to U.S. treasury rates having a constant maturity and duration equal to (or the nearest available tenor) the period from the date of prepayment through and including February 2, 2022 plus 0.50%.
Margin Stock” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Regulation U.
Material Adverse Effect” means a material adverse effect on (a) the business, operations, properties, assets, financial condition, liabilities (actual or contingent) or material agreements of the Borrower and the Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, (b) the ability of the Loan Parties in any material respect to perform their obligations under any Loan Document, (c) the rights of or benefits available to the Lenders under any Loan Document or (d) the legality, validity, binding effect or enforceability against any Loan Party of any Loan Document.
Material Agreements” means any agreements or instruments relating to Material Indebtedness.
Material Indebtedness” means (a) obligations in respect of the ABL Credit Agreement and (b) any other Indebtedness (other than the Loans), or obligations in respect of one or more Hedging Agreements, of any one or more of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries in an aggregate principal amount exceeding $5,000,000. For purposes of determining Material Indebtedness, the “principal amount” of the obligations of the Borrower or any Subsidiary in respect of any Hedging Agreement at any time shall be the maximum aggregate amount (giving effect to any netting agreements) that the Borrower or such Subsidiary would be required to pay if such Hedging Agreement were terminated at such time. For the
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avoidance of doubt, “Material Indebtedness” shall not include any obligations under any Permitted Warrant Transaction.
Maturity Date” means the Term Loan Maturity Date.
MNPI” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 5.01.
Moody’s” means Moody’s Investors Service, Inc.
Mortgage” means a mortgage, charge, deed of trust, assignment of leases and rents, leasehold mortgage or other security document granting a Lien on any Mortgaged Property to secure the Obligations. Each Mortgage shall be in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Administrative Agent.
Mortgaged Property” means each parcel of real property and improvements thereto with respect to which a Mortgage is granted pursuant to Section 5.12 or 5.13.
Multiemployer Plan” means a multiemployer plan as defined in Section 4001(a)(3) of ERISA that is subject to the provisions of Title IV of ERISA and to which any Loan Party or any ERISA Affiliate makes or is obligated to make contributions, during the preceding five plan years has made or been obligated to make contributions, or has any liability.
Net Proceeds” means, with respect to any event (a) the cash proceeds received in respect of such event including (i) any cash received in respect of any noncash proceeds, but only as and when received, (ii) in the case of a casualty, insurance proceeds in excess of $500,000 in the aggregate in any fiscal year and (iii) in the case of a condemnation or similar event, condemnation awards and similar payments, net of (b) the sum of (i) all reasonable fees and out-of-pocket expenses paid by the Borrower and the Subsidiaries to third parties (other than Affiliates) in connection with such event, (ii) in the case of a sale, transfer or other disposition of an asset (including pursuant to a sale and leaseback transaction or a casualty or a condemnation or similar proceeding), the amount of all payments required to be made by the Borrower and the Subsidiaries as a result of such event to repay Indebtedness secured by such asset or otherwise subject to mandatory prepayment as a result of such event, and (iii) the amount of all Taxes paid (or reasonably estimated to be payable) by the Borrower and the Subsidiaries, and the amount of any reserves established by the Borrower and the Subsidiaries to fund contingent liabilities reasonably estimated to be payable, in each case during the 24-month period immediately following such event and that are directly attributable to such event (as determined reasonably and in good faith by the chief financial officer of the Borrower) to the extent such liabilities are actually paid within such applicable time periods.
No-Call Period” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 2.11(b).
Non-Consenting Lender” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 10.02(c).
Non-U.S. Lender” means a Lender that is not a U.S. Person.
NYFRB” means the Federal Reserve Bank of New York.
NYFRB Rate” means, for any day, the greater of (a) the Federal Funds Effective Rate in effect on such day and (b) the Overnight Bank Funding Rate in effect on such day (or for any day that is not a banking day, for the immediately preceding banking day); provided that if none of such rates are
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published for any day that is a Business Day, the term “NYFRB Rate” means the rate for a federal funds transaction quoted at 11:00 a.m. on such day received to the Administrative Agent from a Federal funds broker of recognized standing selected by it; provided, further, that if any of the aforesaid rates shall be less than zero, such rate shall be deemed to be zero for purposes of this Agreement.
Obligations” has the meaning assigned to such term in the Guarantee and Collateral Agreement.
OSHA” means the Occupational Safety and Hazard Act of 1970.
Other Connection Taxes” means, with respect to any Recipient, Taxes imposed as a result of a present or former connection between such Recipient and the jurisdiction imposing such Tax (other than connections arising from such Recipient having executed, delivered, become a party to, performed its obligations under, received payments under, received or perfected a security interest under, engaged in any other transaction pursuant to or enforced any Loan Document, or sold or assigned an interest in any Loan or Loan Document).
Other Taxes” means any present or future stamp, court, documentary, intangible, recording, filing or similar excise or property Taxes that arise from any payment made under, from the execution, delivery, performance, enforcement or registration of, or from the registration, receipt or perfection of a security interest under, or otherwise with respect to, any Loan Document, except any such Taxes that are Other Connection Taxes imposed with respect to an assignment (other than an assignment under Section 2.19(b)).
Overnight Bank Funding Rate” means, for any day, the rate comprised of both over-night federal funds and overnight Eurocurrency Borrowings by U.S.-managed banking offices of depository institutions, as such composite rate shall be determined by the NYFRB as set forth on its public website from time to time, and published on the next succeeding Business Day by the NYFRB as an overnight bank funding rate (from and after such date as the NYFRB shall commence to publish such composite rate).
Participant” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 10.04(e).
Participant Register” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 10.04(e).
PATRIOT Act” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 10.16.
PBGC” means the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation referred to and defined in ERISA and any successor entity performing similar functions.
Pensions Regulator” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 7(l).
Perfection Certificate” means a certificate in the form of Exhibit F hereto or any other form approved by the Collateral Agent.
Permitted Bond Hedge Transaction” means any call or capped call option (or substantively equivalent derivative transaction) relating to the Borrower’s common stock (or other securities or property following a merger event or other change of the common stock of the Borrower) purchased by the Borrower in connection with the issuance of the Convertible Notes and in each case existing as of the Closing Date.
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Permitted Convertible Indebtedness” means Indebtedness of the Borrower under the Convertible Notes outstanding on the Closing Date, after giving effect to the Transactions.
Permitted Delayed Draw Term Loan Usage” means the use of proceeds of any Delayed Draw Term Loans for the following purposes: (i) repaying any additional outstanding Convertible Notes (provided that if such Convertible Notes are not repaid directly by such proceeds then such proceeds shall be held in a segregated deposit account subject to a first-priority security interest in favor of the Administrative Agent), and/or (ii) to the extent any outstanding Convertible Notes are repaid using internally generated cash or Excess Availability (under and as defined in the ABL Credit Agreement), either to repay ABL Loans the proceeds of which were used to repay such Convertible Notes, or to restore cash balances to the extent internally generated cash was used to repay such Convertible Notes, in each case, in an amount not to exceed such Convertible Note repayment, and/or (iii) following the repayment of all outstanding Convertible Notes, for general corporate purposes, and/or (iv) fees and expenses related to any of the foregoing transactions in clause (i) or (ii) of this definition; provided, however, that the Borrower shall repay any ABL Loans used to repay any Convertible Notes (but solely to the extent such ABL Loans used to repay any Convertible Notes exceed $25,000,000 in the aggregate) within 60 days of the date of repayment with the proceeds of a Delayed Draw Term Loan.
Permitted Encumbrances” means:
(a)Liens imposed by law for taxes that are not yet due or are being contested in compliance with Section 5.05;
(b)carriers’, warehousemen’s, mechanics’, materialmen’s, repairmen’s and other like Liens imposed by law, arising in the ordinary course of business and securing obligations that are not overdue by more than 30 days or are being contested in compliance with Section 5.05;
(c)pledges and deposits made in the ordinary course of business in compliance with workers’ compensation, unemployment insurance and other social security laws or regulations;
(d)deposits to secure the performance of bids, trade contracts, leases, statutory obligations, surety and appeal bonds, performance bonds and other obligations of a like nature, in each case in the ordinary course of business;
(e)judgment Liens in respect of judgments that do not constitute an Event of Default under clause (k) of Article VII;
(f)easements, zoning restrictions, rights-of-way and similar encumbrances on real property imposed by law or arising in the ordinary course of business that do not secure any monetary obligations and do not materially detract from the value of the affected property or interfere with the ordinary conduct of business of the Borrower or any Subsidiary;
(g)ground leases in respect of real property on which facilities owned or leased by the Borrower or any of the Subsidiaries are located, other than any Mortgaged Property;
(h)Liens in favor of customs and revenue authorities arising as a matter of law to secure payment of customs duties in connection with the importation of goods in the ordinary course of business;
(i)leases or subleases granted to other Persons and not interfering in any material respect with the business of the Borrower and the Subsidiaries, taken as a whole;
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(j)banker’s liens, rights of set-off or similar rights, in each case arising by operation of law;
(k)Liens in favor of a landlord on leasehold improvements in leased premises; and
(l)any Lien or right of set-off arising under clause 24 or 25 of the general banking conditions (algemene bankvoorwaarden) of any member of the Dutch Bankers’ Association (Nederlands Vereniging van Banken) or any foreign equivalent thereof;
provided that the term “Permitted Encumbrances” shall not include any Lien securing Indebtedness.
Permitted Investments” means:
(a)direct obligations of, or obligations the principal of and interest on which are unconditionally guaranteed by, the United States of America (or by any agency thereof to the extent such obligations are backed by the full faith and credit of the United States of America), in each case maturing within one year from the date of acquisition thereof;
(b)investments in commercial paper maturing within one year from the date of acquisition thereof and having, at such date of acquisition, the highest credit rating obtainable from S&P or from Moody’s;
(c)investments in certificates of deposit, banker’s acceptances and time deposits maturing within one year from the date of acquisition thereof issued or guaranteed by or placed with, and money market deposit accounts issued or offered by, any domestic office of any commercial bank organized under the laws of the United States of America or any State thereof that has a combined capital and surplus and undivided profits of not less than $500,000,000;
(d)fully collateralized repurchase agreements with a term of not more than 30 days for securities described in clause (a) above and entered into with a financial institution satisfying the criteria described in clause (c) above;
(e)securities issued by any state of the United States of America or any political subdivision of any such state or any public instrumentality thereof having maturities of not more than six months from the date of acquisition thereof and, at the time of acquisition, having the highest credit rating obtainable from S&P or from Moody’s;
(f)securities issued by any foreign government or any political subdivision of any foreign government or any public instrumentality thereof having maturities of not more than six months from the date of acquisition thereof and, at the time of acquisition, having the highest credit rating obtainable from S&P or from Moody’s;
(g)investments of the quality as those identified on Schedule 6.04 as “Qualified Foreign Investments” made in the ordinary course of business;
(h)cash; and
(i)investments in funds that invest solely in one or more types of securities described in clauses (a), (e) and (f) above.
Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness” means any Indebtedness of the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries issued in exchange for, or the net proceeds of which are used to extend, refinance, renew, replace, defease or refund other Indebtedness of the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries; provided that (a) the principal amount (or accreted value, if applicable) of such Permitted
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Refinancing Indebtedness does not exceed the principal amount (or accreted value, if applicable) of the Indebtedness so extended, refinanced, renewed, replaced, defeased or refunded (plus all accrued interest thereon and the amount of any reasonable expenses incurred in connection therewith), (b) such Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness has a final maturity date later than the final maturity date of the Indebtedness being extended, refinanced, renewed, replaced, defeased or refunded, and an average life to maturity greater than the average life to maturity of the Indebtedness being extended, refinanced, renewed, replaced, defeased or refunded, (c) if the Indebtedness being extended, refinanced, renewed, replaced, defeased or refunded is contractually subordinated in right of payment to the Term Loans, such Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness is contractually subordinated in right of payment to the Term Loans on terms at least as favorable to the Lenders as those contained in the documentation governing the Indebtedness being extended, refinanced, renewed, replaced, defeased or refunded, (d) if the Indebtedness being extended, refinanced, renewed, replaced, defeased or refunded is pari passu in right of payment with the Term Loans or any guarantee therefor, such Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness is pari passu in right of payment with, or subordinated in right of payment to, the Term Loans or such guarantee, and, in any event, such Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness shall not have a higher priority with respect to payments or collateral than the Indebtedness being extended, refinanced, renewed, replaced, defeased or refunded; (e) the terms and conditions of such Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness shall be no more materially restrictive, when taken as a whole, than the terms and conditions of the Indebtedness being extended, refinanced, renewed, replaced, defeased or refunded (and, to the extent the Indebtedness being extended, refinanced, renewed, replaced, defeased or refunded permits the payment of any interest thereon “in kind”, the Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness thereof shall likewise permit the payment of interest “in kind”), (f) such Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness is not incurred or guaranteed by any Person who is not an obligor under the Indebtedness being extended, refinanced, renewed, replaced, defeased or refunded and is not secured by any property that does not secure the Indebtedness being extended, refinanced, renewed, replaced, defeased or refunded and, if secured, shall not be secured at a higher priority than the Indebtedness being extended, refinanced, renewed, replaced, defeased or refunded, (g) if the obligor of the Indebtedness being extended, refinanced, renewed, replaced, defeased or refunded is a Foreign Subsidiary, the proceeds of such Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness must be used for ordinary course working capital purposes of such Foreign Subsidiary and (h) such refinancing Indebtedness, if secured, shall be subject to a customary intercreditor agreement in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Administrative Agent.
Permitted Sale and Leaseback Transaction” means the sale and leaseback of the real property owned by S.I.A.R.R. SAS as of the Closing Date.
Permitted Warrant Transaction” means any call option, warrant or right to purchase (or substantively equivalent derivative transaction) relating to the Borrower’s common stock (or other securities or property following a merger event or other change of the common stock of the Borrower) and/or cash (in an amount determined by reference to the price of such common stock) sold by the Borrower substantially concurrently with any purchase by the Borrower of a Permitted Bond Hedge Transaction, in each case existing as of the Closing Date.
Person” means any natural person, corporation, limited liability company, unlimited liability company, trust, joint venture, association, company, partnership, Governmental Authority or other entity.
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Plan” means any employee pension benefit plan (other than a Multiemployer Plan) subject to the provisions of Title IV of ERISA or Section 412 of the Code or Section 302 of ERISA, and which (i) in respect of which any Loan Party or any ERISA Affiliate is (or, if such plan were terminated, would under Section 4069 of ERISA be deemed to be) an “employer” as defined in Section 3(5) of ERISA or (ii) was sponsored, maintained or contributed to by any Loan Party or any ERISA Affiliate or to which any Loan Party or any ERISA Affiliate has or had any liability at any time during the six calendar years immediately preceding the date hereof.
Platform” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 10.12(b).
PPP Loan” means the loan incurred by Horizon Global Company LLC under the federal Paycheck Protection Program provided in Section 7(a) of the Small Business Act of 1953, as amended by the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (as amended from time to time), in a principal amount not exceeding $8,670,300.
PPSA” means the Personal Property Security Act (Ontario), including the regulations thereto, provided that if perfection or the effect of perfection or non-perfection or the priority of any Lien created hereunder on the Collateral is governed by the personal property security legislation or other applicable legislation with respect to personal property security in effect in a jurisdiction other than Ontario, “PPSA” means the Personal Property Security Act or such other applicable legislation (including the Civil Code of Quebec) in effect from time to time in such other jurisdiction for the purposes of the provisions hereof relating to such perfection, effect of perfection or non-perfection or priority.
Preferred Dividends” means any cash dividends of the Borrower permitted hereunder to be paid with respect to preferred stock of the Borrower.
Premium Event” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 2.11(b).
Prepayment Event” means:
(a)any sale, transfer or other disposition of any property or asset of the Borrower or any Subsidiary, other than (i) prior to the Discharge of ABL Obligations, ABL Priority Collateral, and (ii) dispositions described in clauses (a), (b), (d) and (g) of Section 6.05; or
(b)any casualty or other insured damage to, or any taking under power of eminent domain or by condemnation or similar proceeding of, any property or asset of the Borrower or any Subsidiary (other than, prior to the Discharge of ABL Obligations, ABL Priority Collateral) having a book value or fair market value in excess of $750,000 in the aggregate in any fiscal year, but only to the extent that the Net Proceeds therefrom have not been applied to repair, restore or replace such property or asset within 270 days after such event;
(c)[reserved];
(d)[reserved]; or
(e)the incurrence by the Borrower or any Subsidiary of any Indebtedness, other than Indebtedness permitted by Section 6.01(a) (except Indebtedness permitted by Section 6.01(a)(xiii), which shall be subject to this clause (e)).
Prepayment Premium” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 2.11(b).
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Prime Rate” means the “U.S. Prime Lending Rate” as published in The Wall Street Journal or if The Wall Street Journal ceases to quote such rate, the highest per annum interest rate published by the Board in Federal Reserve Statistical Release H.15 (519) (Selected Interest Rates) as the “bank prime loan” rate or, if such rate is no longer quoted therein, any similar rate quoted therein (as reasonably determined by the Administrative Agent) or any similar release by the Board (as reasonably determined by the Administrative Agent).
Private Lender Information” means any information and documentation that is material non-public information with respect to Borrower and its Subsidiaries or their securities.
Public-Sider” means a Lender whose representatives may trade in securities of the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries while in possession of the financial statements provided by the Borrower under the terms of this Agreement or who otherwise has identified itself to the Administrative Agent in writing as a “Public-Sider”.
Qualified Borrower Preferred Stock” means any preferred capital stock or preferred equity interest of the Borrower (a)(i) that does not provide for any cash dividend payments or other cash distributions in respect thereof prior to the Maturity Date in effect as of the date of issuance of such Indebtedness and (ii) that by its terms (or by the terms of any security into which it is convertible or for which it is exchangeable or exercisable) or upon the happening of any event does not (A)(x) mature or become mandatorily redeemable pursuant to a sinking fund obligation or otherwise, (y) become convertible or exchangeable at the option of the holder thereof for Indebtedness or preferred stock that is not Qualified Borrower Preferred Stock or (z) become redeemable at the option of the holder thereof (other than as a result of a change of control event), in whole or in part, in each case on or prior to the date that is 365 days after the Maturity Date in effect at the time of the issuance thereof; provided that the terms of such preferred stock or preferred equity interests shall provide that upon a default thereof, the remedies of the holders thereof shall be limited to the right to additional representation on the board of directors of the Borrower.
Quotation Day” means, with respect to any Eurocurrency Loan for any Interest Period, two Business Days prior to the commencement of such Interest Period.
Recipient” means (a) the Administrative Agent or (b) any Lender.
Reference Time” with respect to any setting of the then-current Benchmark means (1) if such Benchmark is the Adjusted LIBO Rate, 11:00 a.m. (London time) on the day that is two (2) Business Days preceding the date of such setting, and (2) if such Benchmark is not the Adjusted LIBO Rate, the time determined by the Administrative Agent in its reasonable discretion.
Register” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 10.04(c).
Regulation” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 3.23.
Regulation T” shall mean Regulation T of the Board as from time to time in effect and all official rulings and interpretations thereunder or thereof.
Regulation U” shall mean Regulation U of the Board as from time to time in effect and all official rulings and interpretations thereunder or thereof.
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Regulation X” shall mean Regulation X of the Board as from time to time in effect and all official rulings and interpretations thereunder or thereof.
Related Parties” means, with respect to any specified Person, such Person’s Affiliates and the respective directors, officers, employees, agents, trustees and advisors of such Person and of such Person’s Affiliates.
Release” means any release, spill, emission, leaking, dumping, injection, pouring, deposit, disposal, discharge, dispersal, leaching or migration into or through the environment (including indoor and ambient air, surface water, groundwater, wetlands, land surface or subsurface strata, flora and fauna).
Relevant Governmental Body” means the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System of the United States or the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, or a committee officially endorsed or convened by the Federal Reserve System of the United States or the Federal Reserve Bank of New York or any successor thereto.
Required Lenders” means, at any time, Lenders (other than Defaulting Lenders) having more than 50% of the sum of (a) outstanding Term Loans at such time and (b) the aggregate unused Term Loan Commitments at such time.
Resolution Authority” means an EEA Resolution Authority or, with respect to any UK Financial Institution, a UK Resolution Authority.
Restricted Indebtedness” means Indebtedness of the Borrower or any Subsidiary, the payment, prepayment, redemption, repurchase or defeasance of which is restricted under Section 6.08(b).
Restricted Payment” means any dividend or other distribution (whether in cash, securities or other property) with respect to any Equity Interests in the Borrower or any Subsidiary, or any payment (whether in cash, securities or other property), including any partial or full cash settlement of Convertible Notes, sinking fund or similar deposit, on account of the purchase, redemption, retirement, acquisition, cancelation or termination of any Equity Interests in the Borrower or any Subsidiary or any option, warrant or other right to acquire any such Equity Interests in the Borrower or any Subsidiary.
S&P” means Standard & Poor’s Financial Services LLC, or any successor thereto.
Sanctioned Country” means, at any time, a country, region or territory which is itself the subject or target of any Sanctions (at the time of this Agreement, the Crimea region of Ukraine, Cuba, Iran, North Korea, Sudan and Syria).
Sanctioned Person” means, at any time, (a) any Person listed in any Sanctions-related list of designated Persons maintained by the Office of Foreign Assets Control of the U.S. Department of the Treasury, the U.S. Department of State, or by the United Nations Security Council, the federal government of Canada, the European Union or any European Union member state, (b) any Person operating, organized or resident in a Sanctioned Country or (c) any Person owned or controlled by any such Person or Persons described in the foregoing clauses (a) or (b).
Sanctions” means all economic or financial sanctions or trade embargoes imposed, administered or enforced from time to time by (a) the U.S. government, including those administered by the Office of Foreign Assets Control of the U.S. Department of the Treasury or the U.S. Department of
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State, (b) the United Nations Security Council, the European Union, Her Majesty’s Treasury of the United Kingdom or the federal government of Canada or (c) any government or governmental or regulatory body responsible for the administration or enforcement of economic or financial sanctions or trade embargoes in any jurisdiction in which a Foreign Subsidiary is incorporated or organized.
Screen Rate” has the meaning assigned to such term in the definition of “LIBO Rate”.
Secured Parties” has the meaning assigned to such term in the Guarantee and Collateral Agreement.
Securities Act” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
Security Documents” means the Guarantee and Collateral Agreement, the Mortgages and each other security agreement or other instrument or document executed and delivered pursuant to Section 5.12 or 5.13 to secure any of the Obligations, including any foreign-law security documents delivered pursuant to the proviso to the definition of “Collateral and Guarantee Requirements”.
Significant Investment” means any acquisition by the Borrower or a Subsidiary of more than 50% (but less than 100%) of the Equity Interests in a Person (such Person, the “Subject Person”), so long as such acquisition is permitted by Section 6.04.
Solvent” means, with respect to any Person, (a) the fair value of the assets of such Person at a fair valuation will exceed its debts and liabilities, subordinated, contingent or otherwise, (b) the present fair saleable value of the property of such Person will be greater than the amount that will be required to pay the probable liability of its debts and other liabilities, subordinated, contingent or otherwise, as such debts and other liabilities become absolute and matured, (c) such Person will be able to pay its debts and liabilities, subordinated, contingent or otherwise, as such debts and liabilities become absolute and matured, (d) such Person will not have unreasonably small capital with which to conduct the business in which it is engaged as such business is now conducted and (e) such Person (if a Canadian resident) shall not be an insolvent person as such term is defined in the Bankruptcy and Insolvency Act (Canada).
Specified Time” means 11:00 a.m., London time.
Specified Vendor Receivables Financing” means the sale by the Borrower and certain Subsidiaries of accounts receivable to one or more financial institutions pursuant to third-party financing agreements in transactions constituting “true sales” which are permitted pursuant to Section 6.01(a)(iv).
Specified Vendor Receivables Financing Documents” means all documents and agreements relating to the Specified Vendor Receivables Financing.
Statutory Reserve Rate” means a fraction (expressed as a decimal), the numerator of which is the number one and the denominator of which is the number one minus the aggregate of the maximum reserve percentages (including any marginal, special, emergency or supplemental reserves) expressed as a decimal established by the Board to which the Required Lenders are subject with respect to the Adjusted LIBO Rate, for eurocurrency funding (currently referred to as “Eurocurrency Liabilities” in Regulation D of the Board). Such reserve percentages shall include those imposed pursuant to such Regulation D. Eurocurrency Loans shall be deemed to constitute eurocurrency funding and to be subject to such reserve requirements without benefit of or credit for proration, exemptions or offsets that may be
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available from time to time to any Lender under any Applicable Law. The Statutory Reserve Rate shall be adjusted automatically on and as of the effective date of any change in any reserve percentage.
Subject Person” has the meaning assigned to such term in the definition of “Significant Investment.”
Subordinated Debt” means any subordinated Indebtedness of the Borrower or any Subsidiary.
subsidiary” means, with respect to any Person (the “parent”) at any date, any corporation, limited liability company, partnership, association or other entity the accounts of which would be consolidated with those of the parent in the parent’s consolidated financial statements if such financial statements were prepared in accordance with GAAP as of such date, as well as any other corporation, limited liability company, partnership, association or other entity (a) of which securities or other ownership interests representing more than 50% of the ordinary voting power or, in the case of a partnership, more than 50% of the general partnership interests are, as of such date, owned, controlled or held, or (b) that is, as of such date, otherwise Controlled, by the parent or one or more subsidiaries of the parent or by the parent and one or more subsidiaries of the parent.
Subsidiary” means any subsidiary of the Borrower.
Subsidiary Loan Party” means any Subsidiary that is not a Foreign Subsidiary (other than any Foreign Subsidiary organized under the laws of Germany, the United Kingdom (or any political subdivision thereof), Mexico, Canada (or any province or territory thereof) or the Netherlands); provided, that for purposes of any permissive provision or basket in Article VI, no Subsidiary shall be deemed to be a Subsidiary Loan Party unless and until it has satisfied the Collateral and Guarantee Requirements. Additionally, no Subsidiary listed on Schedule 6.03 shall be required to be a Subsidiary Loan Party or satisfy the Collateral and Guarantee Requirement so long as such Subsidiary is dissolved or liquidated or merged into its parent pursuant to Section 6.03(a)(iv) prior to the second anniversary of the Closing Date (as such date may be extended by the Administrative Agent in its sole discretion).
Synthetic Purchase Agreement” means any swap, derivative or other agreement or combination of agreements pursuant to which the Borrower or a Subsidiary is or may become obligated to make (i) any payment (other than in the form of Equity Interests in the Borrower) in connection with a purchase by a third party from a Person other than the Borrower or a Subsidiary of any Equity Interest or Restricted Indebtedness or (ii) any payment (other than on account of a permitted purchase by it of any Equity Interest or any Restricted Indebtedness) the amount of which is determined by reference to the price or value at any time of any Equity Interest or Restricted Indebtedness; provided that phantom stock or similar plans providing for payments only to current or former directors, officers, consultants, advisors or employees of the Borrower or the Subsidiaries (or to their heirs or estates) shall not be deemed to be Synthetic Purchase Agreements. For the avoidance of doubt, the term “Synthetic Purchase Agreement” shall not include any agreement, indenture or other document governing any Permitted Bond Hedge Transaction, Permitted Convertible Indebtedness or Permitted Warrant Transaction.
Taxes” means any and all present or future taxes (of any nature whatsoever), levies, imposts, duties, deductions, charges or withholdings imposed by any Governmental Authority, including any interest, additions to tax or penalties applicable thereto.
Term Collateral Proceeds Account” means a deposit account identified to the ABL Agent in writing from time to time and in the name of the Borrower and for which PNC Bank, National
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Association is the depositary bank which contains (or was established to contain) only those proceeds with respect to Term Priority Collateral.
Term Lender” means a Lender with outstanding Term Loans or Term Loan Commitments.
Term Loan” means any Initial Term Loan or Delayed Draw Term Loan, as the context may require.
Term Loan Commitments” means as to each Term Lender, its obligation to make a Term Loan to the Borrower hereunder, expressed as an amount representing the maximum principal amount of the Term Loan to be made by such Term Lender under this Agreement, as such commitment may be reduced from time to time pursuant to the terms of this Agreement. The initial amount of each Term Lender’s Term Loan Commitment is set forth on Schedule 2.01 under the caption “Initial Term Loan Commitment” or “Delayed Draw Term Loan Commitment” or, otherwise, in the Assignment and Assumption pursuant to which such Lender shall have assumed its Term Loan Commitment, as the case may be.
Term Loan Maturity Date” means February 2, 2027; provided if such day is not a Business Day then the Term Loan Maturity Date will be on the immediately preceding Business Day.
Term Priority Collateral” has the meaning assigned to such term in the ABL/Term Loan Intercreditor Agreement.
Term SOFR” means, for the applicable Corresponding Tenor as of the applicable Reference Time, the forward-looking term rate based on SOFR that has been selected or recommended by the Relevant Governmental Body.
Term SOFR Notice” means a notification by the Administrative Agent to the Lenders and the Borrower of the occurrence of a Term SOFR Transition Event.
Term SOFR Transition Event” means the determination by the Administrative Agent that (a) Term SOFR has been recommended for use by the Relevant Governmental Body, (b) the administration of Term SOFR is administratively feasible for the Administrative Agent and (c) a Benchmark Transition Event or an Early Opt-in Election, as applicable, has previously occurred resulting in the replacement of the then-current Benchmark for all purposes hereunder and under any Loan Document in accordance with Section 5.8(c) with a Benchmark Replacement the Unadjusted Benchmark Replacement component of which is not Term SOFR.
Total Indebtedness” means, as of any date, the aggregate principal amount of Indebtedness for borrowed money (including, without limitation, Capital Lease Obligations and all “Indebtedness” pursuant to clause (a), (b), (e), (h) or (i) (with respect to clause (i), only to the extent drawn and unpaid) of the definition thereof and, without duplication, any Guarantees of any such Indebtedness) or Disqualified Stock of the Borrower and the Subsidiaries outstanding as of such date, in the amount that would be reflected on a balance sheet prepared as of such date on a consolidated basis in accordance with GAAP.
Total Net Leverage Ratio” means, on any date, the ratio of (a) Total Indebtedness as of such date minus the sum of cash and Permitted Investments on deposit in accounts for which an agreement in favor of the Collateral Agent as contemplated by Section 5.13 (and the ABL Agent to the
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extent required by the terms of the ABL Loan Documents) has been executed and is in effect; provided that the aggregate amount of such sum deducted shall not exceed $25,000,000, to (b) Consolidated EBITDA for the period of four consecutive fiscal quarters of the Borrower ended on such date (or, if such date is not the last day of a fiscal quarter, ended on the last day of the fiscal quarter of the Borrower most recently ended prior to such date for which financial statements are available).
Transactions” means, collectively, (a) the execution, delivery and performance by each Loan Party of the Loan Documents to which it is to be a party, the borrowing of the Initial Term Loans on the Closing Date and the use of proceeds thereof, (b) the repayment in full of all outstanding indebtedness under the Existing Credit Agreement and the release of all liens and security interests in connection therewith, (c) the execution, delivery and performance by each Loan Party of a consent and/or an amendment to the ABL Credit Agreement, and (d) the payment of the fees and expenses payable in connection with the foregoing.
Type” when used in reference to any Loan or Borrowing, refers to whether the rate of interest on such Loan, or on the Loans comprising such Borrowing, is determined by reference to the Adjusted LIBO Rate or the Alternate Base Rate.
Unadjusted Benchmark Replacement” means the applicable Benchmark Replacement excluding the related Benchmark Replacement Adjustment.
UK Financial Institution” means any BRRD Undertaking (as such term is defined under the PRA Rulebook (as amended from time to time) promulgated by the United Kingdom Prudential Regulation Authority) or any person falling within IFPRU 11.6 of the FCA Handbook (as amended from time to time) promulgated by the United Kingdom Financial Conduct Authority, which includes certain credit institutions and investment firms, and certain affiliates of such credit institutions or investment firms.
UK Resolution Authority” means the Bank of England or any other public administrative authority having responsibility for the resolution of any UK Financial Institution.
U.S. Person” means a “United States person” within the meaning of Section 7701(a)(30) of the Code.
U.S. Tax Certificate” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 2.17(f)(i)(D)(2).
Warrants” means those certain warrants to purchase shares of Borrower issued to the Warrant Holder on the date hereof.
Warrant Holder” means APSC Holdco II, L.P.
Withdrawal Liability” means liability to a Multiemployer Plan as a result of a complete or partial withdrawal from such Multiemployer Plan, as such terms are defined in Part I of Subtitle E of Title IV of ERISA.
Write-Down and Conversion Powers” means (a) with respect to any EEA Resolution Authority, the write-down and conversion powers of such EEA Resolution Authority from time to time under the Bail-In Legislation for the applicable EEA Member Country, which write-down and conversion powers are described in the EU Bail-In Legislation Schedule and (b) with respect to the United Kingdom, any powers of the applicable Resolution Authority under the Bail-In Legislation to cancel, reduce, modify
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or change the form of a liability of any UK Financial Institution or any contract or instrument under which that liability arises, to convert all or part of that liability into shares, securities or obligations of that person or any other person, to provide that any such contract or instrument is to have effect as if a right had been exercised under it or to suspend any obligation in respect of that liability or any of the powers under that Bail-In Legislation that are related to or ancillary to any of those powers.
SECTION 1.02        Classification of Loans and Borrowings. For purposes of this Agreement, Loans may be classified and referred to by Class (e.g., an “Initial Term Loan”) or by Type (e.g., a “Eurocurrency Loan”) or by Class and Type (e.g., a “Eurocurrency Initial Term Loan”). Borrowings also may be classified and referred to by Class (e.g., a “Initial Term Loan Borrowing”) or by Type (e.g., a “Eurocurrency Borrowing”) or by Class and Type (e.g., a “Eurocurrency Initial Term Loan Borrowing”).
SECTION 1.03        Terms Generally. The definitions of terms herein shall apply equally to the singular and plural forms of the terms defined. Whenever the context may require, any pronoun shall include the corresponding masculine, feminine and neuter forms. The words “include,” “includes” and “including” shall be deemed to be followed by the phrase “without limitation.” The word “will” shall be construed to have the same meaning and effect as the word “shall.” Unless the context requires otherwise (a) any definition of or reference to any agreement, instrument or other document herein shall be construed as referring to such agreement, instrument or other document as from time to time amended, supplemented or otherwise modified (subject to any restrictions on such amendments, supplements or modifications set forth herein), (b) any reference herein to any Person shall be construed to include such Person’s successors and assigns, (c) the words “herein,” “hereof” and “hereunder,” and words of similar import, shall be construed to refer to this Agreement in its entirety and not to any particular provision hereof, (d) all references herein to Articles, Sections, Exhibits and Schedules shall be construed to refer to Articles and Sections of, and Exhibits and Schedules to, this Agreement; and (e) the words “asset” and “property” shall be construed to have the same meaning and effect and to refer to any and all tangible and intangible assets and properties, including cash, securities, accounts and contract rights.
SECTION 1.04        Accounting Terms; GAAP. Except as otherwise expressly provided herein, all terms of an accounting or financial nature shall be construed in accordance with GAAP, as in effect from time to time; provided that if the Borrower notifies the Administrative Agent that the Borrower requests an amendment to any provision hereof to eliminate the effect of any change occurring after the Closing Date in GAAP or in the application thereof on the operation of such provision (or if the Administrative Agent notifies the Borrower that the Required Lenders request an amendment to any provision hereof for such purpose), regardless of whether any such notice is given before or after such change in GAAP or in the application thereof, then such provision shall be interpreted on the basis of GAAP as in effect and applied immediately before such change shall have become effective until such notice shall have been withdrawn or such provision amended in accordance herewith. Notwithstanding any other provision contained herein, all terms of an accounting or financial nature used herein shall be construed, and all computations of amounts and ratios referred to herein shall be made, without giving effect to (i) any election under Accounting Standards Codification 825-10-25 (previously referred to as Statement of Financial Accounting Standards 159) (or any other Accounting Standards Codification or Financial Accounting Standard having a similar result or effect) to value any Indebtedness or other liabilities of the Borrower or any Subsidiary at “fair value,” as defined therein and (ii) any treatment of Indebtedness in respect of convertible debt instruments or any other Indebtedness under Accounting Standards Codification 470-20 (or any other Accounting Standards Codification or Financial Accounting Standard having a similar result or effect) to value any such Indebtedness in a reduced or bifurcated manner as described therein, and such Indebtedness shall at all times be valued at the full stated principal amount thereof. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, only those leases (assuming for purposes hereof that such leases were in existence on December 31, 2018) that would have constituted capital leases or financing leases in conformity with GAAP on December 31, 2018, shall be considered capital leases or financing leases hereunder, and all calculations and deliverables under this Agreement or any other Loan Document shall be made or delivered, as applicable, in accordance therewith (other
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than the financial statements delivered pursuant to this Agreement; provided that all such financial statements delivered to the Administrative Agent in accordance with the terms of this Agreement shall contain a schedule showing the adjustments necessary to reconcile such financial statements with GAAP as in effect on December 31, 2018, with respect to such leases).

ARTICLE II
The Credits
SECTION 2.01        Commitments.
(a)Subject to the terms and conditions set forth herein, each Term Lender with an Initial Term Loan Commitment shall make an Initial Term Loan to the Borrower on the Closing Date in a principal amount not exceeding its Initial Term Loan Commitment.
(b)Subject to the terms and conditions set forth in Section 4.02, each Term Lender with a Delayed Draw Term Loan Commitment shall make a Delayed Draw Term Loan to the Borrower on each Delayed Draw Closing Date in the principal amount requested by the Borrower on such date; provided that (i) the amount of the Delayed Draw Term Loans requested by the Borrower at such time shall not exceed the aggregate amount of unfunded Delayed Draw Term Loan Commitments at such time; (ii) the terms of each Delayed Draw Term Loan shall be identical to the terms applicable to the Initial Term Loans; and (iii) the aggregate amount of Delayed Draw Term Loans made by any Term Lender shall not exceed its Delayed Draw Term Loan Commitment. The Delayed Draw Term Loans may be drawn in up to three (3) separate drawings, in each case in a minimum amount of $25,000,000 and on any Delayed Draw Closing Date on or before the Delayed Draw Term Loan Commitment Expiration Date.
(c)Amounts repaid or prepaid in respect of Term Loans may not be reborrowed.
SECTION 2.02        Loans and Borrowings.
(a)Each Loan shall be made as part of a Borrowing consisting of Loans of the same Class and Type made by the Lenders ratably in accordance with their respective Commitments of the applicable Class. The failure of any Lender to make any Loan required to be made by it shall not relieve any other Lender of its obligations hereunder; provided that the Commitments of the Lenders are several, and no Lender shall be responsible for any other Lender’s failure to make Loans as required.
(b)[Reserved].
(c)Subject to Section 2.14, each Loan shall be comprised entirely of ABR Loans or Eurocurrency Loans as the Borrower may request in accordance herewith. Each Lender at its option may make any Eurocurrency Loan by causing any domestic or foreign branch or Affiliate of such Lender to make such Loan; provided that any exercise of such option shall not affect the obligation of the Borrower to repay such Loan in accordance with the terms of this Agreement.
(d)At the commencement of each Interest Period for any Eurocurrency Borrowing, such Borrowing shall be in an aggregate amount that is an integral multiple of $1,000,000 and not less than $5,000,000. At the time that each ABR Borrowing is made, such Borrowing shall be in
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an aggregate amount that is an integral multiple of $1,000,000 and not less than $5,000,000. Borrowings of more than one Type and Class may be outstanding at the same time; provided that there shall not at any time be more than a total of 6 Eurocurrency Borrowings outstanding.
(e)Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, the Borrower shall not be entitled to request, or to elect to convert or continue, any Borrowing if the Interest Period requested with respect thereto would end after the Maturity Date applicable thereto.
(f)No portion of the Loans will be funded or held by any Lender with “plan assets” as such term is defined by Section 3(42) of ERISA unless such Lender relies on a prohibited transaction exemption, all of the conditions of which are satisfied.
SECTION 2.03        Requests for Borrowings. To request a Borrowing of Term Loans, the Borrower shall notify the Administrative Agent of such request in writing by delivery to Administrative Agent of an executed Borrowing Request: (a) in the case of the Initial Term Loans, (i) in the case of a Eurocurrency Borrowing, not later than 12:00 noon, New York City time, three Business Days before the date of the proposed Borrowing or (ii) in the case of an ABR Borrowing, not later than 12:00 noon, New York City time, one Business Day before the date of the proposed Borrowing and (b) in the case of any Delayed Draw Term Loans, not later than 12:00 noon, New York City time, fifteen (15) Business Days before the date of the proposed Borrowing. Each such Borrowing Request shall be irrevocable and shall specify the following information in compliance with Section 2.02:the Class of Term Loans being requested;
(ii)the aggregate amount of such Borrowing;
(iii)the date of such Borrowing, which shall be a Business Day;
(iv)whether such Borrowing is to be an ABR Borrowing or a Eurocurrency Borrowing;
(v)in the case of a Eurocurrency Borrowing, the initial Interest Period to be applicable thereto, which shall be a period contemplated by the definition of the term “Interest Period”; and
(vi)the location and number of the Borrower’s account to which funds are to be disbursed, which shall comply with the requirements of Section 2.06.
If no election as to the Type of Borrowing is specified, then the requested Borrowing shall be an ABR Borrowing. If no Interest Period is specified with respect to any requested Eurocurrency Borrowing, then the Borrower shall be deemed to have selected an Interest Period of one month’s duration. Promptly following receipt of a Borrowing Request in accordance with this Section 2.03, the Administrative Agent shall advise each Lender of the details thereof and of the amount of such Lender’s Loan to be made as part of the requested Borrowing.
SECTION 2.04        [Reserved].
SECTION 2.05        Reserved].
SECTION 2.06        Funding of Borrowings.
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(a)Each Lender shall make each Loan to be made by it hereunder on the proposed date thereof by wire transfer of immediately available funds by 12:00 noon, New York City time to the Administrative Agent’s Account. Upon receipt of all requested funds, the Administrative Agent will make such Loans available to the Borrower by wiring the amounts so received, in like funds, to an account of the Borrower as designated in the applicable Borrowing Request.
(b)Unless the Administrative Agent shall have received written notice from a Lender prior to the proposed date of any Borrowing that such Lender will not make available to the Administrative Agent such Lender’s share of such Borrowing, the Administrative Agent may assume that such Lender has made such share available on such date in accordance with paragraph (a) of this Section and may (but shall be under no obligation to), in reliance upon such assumption, make available to the Borrower a corresponding amount. In such event, if a Lender has not in fact made its share of the applicable Borrowing available to the Administrative Agent, then the applicable Lender and the Borrower severally agree to pay to the Administrative Agent forthwith on demand such corresponding amount with interest thereon, for each day from and including the date such amount is made available to the Borrower to but excluding the date of payment to the Administrative Agent, at (i) in the case of such Lender, the greater of (x) the Federal Funds Effective Rate and (y) a rate determined by the Administrative Agent in accordance with banking industry rules on interbank compensation, the applicable rate shall be determined as specified in clause (y) above, or (ii) in the case of the Borrower, the interest rate applicable to ABR Term Loans. If such Lender pays such amount to the Administrative Agent, then such amount shall constitute such Lender’s Loan included in such Borrowing.
SECTION 2.07        Interest Elections.
(a)Each Borrowing initially shall be of the Type specified in the applicable Borrowing Request and, in the case of a Eurocurrency Borrowing, shall have an initial Interest Period as specified in such Borrowing Request or as otherwise provided in Section 2.03. Thereafter, the Borrower may elect to (i) convert any ABR Borrowing or any Eurocurrency Borrowing to a Borrowing of a different Type, (ii) continue any Borrowing and (iii) in the case of a Eurocurrency Borrowing, may elect Interest Periods therefor, all as provided in this Section. The Borrower may elect different options with respect to different portions of the affected Borrowing, in which case each such portion shall be allocated ratably among the Lenders holding the Loans comprising such Borrowing, and the Loans comprising each such portion shall be considered a separate Borrowing.
(b)To make an election pursuant to this Section, the Borrower shall notify the Administrative Agent of such election in writing by delivery to Administrative Agent of an executed Interest Election Request by the time that a Borrowing Request would be required under Section 2.03 if the Borrower were requesting a Borrowing of Term Loans of the Type resulting from such election to be made on the effective date of such election. Each such Interest Election Request shall be irrevocable.
(c)Each Interest Election Request shall specify the following information in compliance with Section 2.02:
(i)the Borrowing to which such Interest Election Request applies and, if different options are being elected with respect to different portions thereof, the portions thereof to be allocated to each resulting Borrowing (in which case the information to be
41


specified pursuant to clauses (iii) and (iv) below shall be specified for each resulting Borrowing);
(ii)the effective date of the election made pursuant to such Interest Election Request, which shall be a Business Day;
(iii)whether the resulting Borrowing is to be an ABR Borrowing or a Eurocurrency Borrowing; and
(iv)if the resulting Borrowing is a Eurocurrency Borrowing, the Interest Period to be applicable thereto after giving effect to such election, which shall be a period contemplated by the definition of the term “Interest Period.”
If any such Interest Election Request requests a Eurocurrency Borrowing but does not specify an Interest Period, then the Borrower shall be deemed to have selected an Interest Period of one month’s duration.
(d)Promptly following receipt of an Interest Election Request, the Administrative Agent shall advise each Lender of the details thereof and of such Lender’s portion of each resulting Borrowing.
(e)If an Interest Election Request with respect to a Eurocurrency Borrowing is not timely delivered prior to the end of the Interest Period applicable thereto, then, unless such Borrowing is repaid as provided herein, at the end of such Interest Period such Borrowing shall be converted to an ABR Borrowing. Notwithstanding any contrary provision hereof, if an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing and the Administrative Agent so notifies the Borrower, then, so long as an Event of Default is continuing (i) no outstanding Borrowing may be converted to or continued as a Eurocurrency Borrowing and (ii) unless repaid, each Eurocurrency Borrowing shall be converted to an ABR Borrowing at the end of the Interest Period applicable thereto.
SECTION 2.08        Termination and Reduction of Commitments.
(a)Unless previously terminated, the Initial Term Loan Commitments of each Term Lender shall terminate and be automatically and permanently reduced to $0 upon the funding of the Initial Term Loans.
(b)Unless previously terminated, the Delayed Draw Term Loan Commitments of each Term Lender shall be automatically and permanently reduced (i) by the amount of the funding of the Delayed Draw Term Loans to be made by such Term Lender on the applicable Delayed Draw Closing Date and (ii) to $0 upon the Delayed Draw Term Loan Commitment Expiration Date.
(c)The Borrower may, upon notice from the Borrower to the Administrative Agent, voluntarily terminate or from time to time permanently reduce the Delayed Draw Term Loan Commitments; provided that (i) any such notice shall be received by the Administrative Agent not later than 11:00 a.m. five (5) Business Days prior to the date of termination or reduction and (ii) any such partial reduction shall be in an aggregate amount of $1,000,000 or any whole multiple of $1,000,000 in excess thereof. From and after such date of termination, the Lenders
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shall have no obligation whatsoever to extend any Delayed Draw Term Loans in the amount of such permanent reduction of the Delayed Draw Term Loan Commitments.
SECTION 2.09        Repayment of Loans; Evidence of Debt.
(a)The Borrower hereby unconditionally promises to pay to the Administrative Agent for the account of each Lender the then unpaid principal amount of each Term Loan of such Lender as provided in Section 2.10.
(b)Each Lender shall maintain in accordance with its usual practice an account or accounts evidencing the indebtedness of the Borrower to such Lender resulting from each Loan made by such Lender, including the amounts of principal and interest payable and paid to such Lender from time to time hereunder.
(c)The Administrative Agent shall maintain accounts in which it shall record (i) the amount of each Loan made hereunder, the Class and Type thereof and the Interest Period applicable thereto, (ii) the amount of any principal or interest due and payable or to become due and payable from the Borrower to each Lender hereunder and (iii) the amount of any sum received by the Administrative Agent hereunder for the account of the Lenders and each Lender’s share thereof.
(d)The entries made in the accounts maintained pursuant to paragraph (b) or (c) of this Section shall be prima facie evidence of the existence and amounts of the obligations recorded therein; provided that the failure of any Lender or the Administrative Agent to maintain such accounts or any error therein shall not in any manner affect the obligation of the Borrower to repay the Loans in accordance with the terms of this Agreement; provided, further, that in the event of any conflict between the records maintained by any Lender and the records of the Administrative Agent in respect of such matters, the records of the Administrative Agent shall control in the absence of manifest error.
(e)Any Lender may request that Loans of any Class made by it be evidenced by a promissory note. In such event, the Borrower shall prepare, execute and deliver to such Lender a promissory note payable to such Lender and its registered assigns and in a form approved by such Lender. Thereafter, the Loans evidenced by such promissory note and interest thereon shall at all times (including after assignment pursuant to Section 10.04) be represented by one or more promissory notes in such form payable to the payee and its registered assigns.
SECTION 2.10        Amortization of Term Loans.
(a)To the extent not previously paid, all Term Loans shall be due and payable on the Term Loan Maturity Date.
(b)[Reserved].
(c)Prior to any repayment of any Term Loan Borrowings of any Class hereunder, the Borrower shall select the Borrowing or Borrowings of the applicable Class to be repaid and shall notify the Administrative Agent in writing of such selection not later than 11:00 a.m., New York City time, three Business Days before the scheduled date of such repayment. Each repayment of a Borrowing shall be applied ratably to the Loans included in the repaid Borrowing.
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Repayments of Term Loan Borrowings shall be accompanied by accrued interest on the amount repaid.
SECTION 2.11        Prepayment of Loans.
(a)The Borrower shall have the right at any time and from time to time to prepay any Borrowing in whole or in part, subject to the requirements of this Section.
(b)In the event that all or any portion of the Loans is repaid or prepaid for any reason (including as a result of any mandatory prepayments under clause (a) or (e) of the definition of “Prepayment Event”, voluntary prepayments, mandatory assignments of Loans due to Section 10.02(c) or payments made following acceleration of the Loans or after an Event of Default) (each such event, a “Premium Event”), such repayments or prepayments will be made together with a premium, (i) if made on or prior to February 2, 2022 (the period from the Closing Date through and including such date, the “No-Call Period”), in an amount equal to the Make Whole Amount with respect to the aggregate principal amount of the Loans subject to such repayment or prepayment, (ii) if made after February 2, 2022 but on or prior to February 2, 2026, in an amount equal to 2.50% multiplied by the aggregate principal amount of the Loans subject to such repayment or prepayment and (iii) if made after February 2, 2026, in an amount equal to 0.00% multiplied by the aggregate principal amount of the Loans subject to such repayment or prepayment (the foregoing premiums, collectively (and including any adjustments pursuant to the following provisos), the “Prepayment Premium”). If the Term Loans are accelerated for any reason under this Agreement, the Prepayment Premium applicable thereto shall be calculated as if the date of acceleration of such Term Loans was the date of prepayment of such Term Loans. The parties hereto further acknowledge and agree that the Prepayment Premium is not intended to act as a penalty or to punish the Loan Parties for any such repayment or prepayment. Any prepayment, repayment or assignment, whether voluntary or involuntary, of the Term Loans upon the occurrence of any Premium Event shall be accompanied by all accrued interest on the principal amount prepaid or repaid, together with the Prepayment Premium, as applicable pursuant to this Section 2.11(b), if any. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing in this Section 2.11(b), and notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement or any other Loan Document, it is understood and agreed that if the Obligations are accelerated as a result of the occurrence and continuance of any Event of Default (including by operation of law or otherwise (including, without limitation, as a result of any Event of Default under Section 8.01)), the Prepayment Premium, if any, determined as of the date of acceleration, will also be due and payable and will be treated and deemed as though the applicable Term Loans were prepaid as of such date and shall constitute part of the Obligations for all purposes herein. The Prepayment Premium, if any, shall also be payable in the event the Obligations (and/or this Agreement) are satisfied or released by foreclosure (whether by power of judicial proceeding or otherwise), deed in lieu of foreclosure or by any other similar means (other than, for the avoidance of doubt, any scheduled payment (including at maturity)). THE LOAN PARTIES EXPRESSLY WAIVE THE PROVISIONS OF ANY PRESENT OR FUTURE STATUTE OR LAW THAT PROHIBITS OR MAY PROHIBIT THE COLLECTION OF THE FOREGOING PREPAYMENT PREMIUM IN CONNECTION WITH ANY SUCH ACCELERATION. The Loan Parties expressly agree that (i) the Prepayment Premium is reasonable and is the product of an arm’s length transaction between sophisticated business people, ably represented by counsel, (ii) the Prepayment Premium shall be payable notwithstanding the then prevailing market rates at the time payment is made, (iii) there has been a course of conduct between the Lenders and the Loan Parties giving specific consideration in this transaction for such agreement to pay the Prepayment Premium, (iv) the
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Loan Parties shall be estopped hereafter from claiming differently than as agreed to in this Section 2.11(b), (v) their agreement to pay the Prepayment Premium is a material inducement to the Lenders to make the Term Loans, and (vi) the Prepayment Premium represents a good faith, reasonable estimate and calculation of the lost profits or damages of the Lenders and that it would be impractical and extremely difficult to ascertain the actual amount of damages to the Lenders or profits lost by the Lenders as a result of such Premium Event.
(c)In the event and on each occasion that any Net Proceeds are received by or on behalf of the Borrower or any Subsidiary in respect of any Prepayment Event after the Closing Date, the Borrower shall, within three Business Days after such Net Proceeds are received (and, in the case of any event described in clause (e) of the definition of the term Prepayment Event, on the date on which such Net Proceeds are received) prepay Borrowings of Loans in an aggregate amount equal to 100% of such Net Proceeds. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the event that the application of Net Proceeds by any Foreign Subsidiary to repay the Loans as required by this clause would result in a material increased Tax liability for the Loan Parties (as reasonably determined by the Loan Parties and the Administrative Agent), such Foreign Subsidiary shall not be required to apply such Net Proceeds to prepay the Loans.
(d)[Reserved].
(e)Prior to any optional prepayment of Borrowings hereunder, the Borrower shall select the Borrowing or Borrowings to be prepaid and shall specify such selection in the notice of such prepayment pursuant to paragraph (f) of this Section.
(f)The Borrower shall notify the Administrative Agent in writing by (x) in the case of prepayment of a Eurocurrency Borrowing, not later than 12:00 noon, New York City time, three Business Days before the date of prepayment and (y) in the case of prepayment of an ABR Borrowing, not later than 12:00 noon, New York City time, one Business Day before the date of prepayment. Each such written notice shall be irrevocable and shall specify (i) whether the prepayment is of Eurocurrency Loans or ABR Loans, (ii) the prepayment date, (iii) the principal amount of each Borrowing or portion thereof to be prepaid, (iv) in the case of a mandatory prepayment, a reasonably detailed calculation of the amount of such prepayment and (v) in the case of any optional prepayment, the selection required by clause (e) above. Promptly following receipt of any such notice, the Administrative Agent shall advise the Lenders of the contents thereof. Each partial prepayment of any Borrowing shall be in an amount that would be permitted in the case of an advance of a Borrowing of the same Type as provided in Section 2.02, except as necessary to apply fully the required amount of a mandatory prepayment. Each prepayment of a Borrowing shall be applied ratably to the Loans included in the prepaid Borrowing. Prepayments shall be accompanied by accrued interest to the extent required by Section 2.13.
(g)In the event of any mandatory prepayment of Term Loans, such mandatory prepayment shall be applied to the Term Loans pro rata based on the aggregate principal amounts of outstanding Borrowings of each such Class. In the event of any optional prepayment of Term Loans made at a time when Term Loans of more than one Class remain, the Borrower shall select the Term Loans to be prepaid so that the aggregate amount of such prepayment is allocated among the Term Loans and each Class then outstanding based on the aggregate principal amount of outstanding Borrowings of each such Class.
(h)If at the end of any “accrual period” (as defined in Section 1272(a)(5) of the Code and the Treasury Regulations issued thereunder) ending after the fifth anniversary of the
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date of this Agreement, the aggregate amount of accrued and unpaid interest and any original issue discount (as defined in Section 1273(a)(1) of the Code) on the Term Loans would exceed an amount equal to the product of the issue price of the Term Loans (as defined in Sections 1273(b) and 1274(a) of the Code and the Treasury Regulations issued thereunder) multiplied by the yield to maturity, interpreted in accordance with Section 163(i) of the Code and the Treasury Regulations issued thereunder, then the Borrower shall pay on the first Interest Payment Date occurring after the fifth anniversary of the date of this Agreement and on each subsequent Interest Payment Date (or, if earlier, before the close of any “accrual period” (as defined in Section 1272(a)(5) of the Code and the Treasury Regulations issued thereunder) ending after the fifth anniversary of the date of this Agreement) a portion of the accrued and unpaid interest and any original issue discount (as defined in Section 1273(a)(1) of the Code) on the Term Loans in an amount sufficient to ensure that the Term Loans will not be an “applicable high yield discount obligation” within the meaning of Section 163(i)(1) of the Code. This Section 2.11(h) shall be interpreted in a manner consistent with the intent that the Term Loans will not be an “applicable high yield discount obligation”.
SECTION 2.12        Fees.
(a)Without duplication of any other amounts payable pursuant to this Agreement, the Borrower agrees to pay to the Administrative Agent, for its own account, fees payable in the amounts and at the times separately set forth in the Fee Letter.
(b)The Borrower agrees to pay to the Administrative Agent, for the ratable account of each Term Lender with a Delayed Draw Term Loan Commitment, a commitment fee (the “Delayed Draw Term Commitment Fee”) in dollars equal to 0.25% per annum times the average actual daily amount of the undrawn Delayed Draw Term Loan Commitments for the immediately preceding quarter. The Delayed Draw Term Commitment Fee shall accrue at all times from the Closing Date until the earliest (the “Commitment Fee Termination Date”) of the (a) Maturity Date, (b) Delayed Draw Term Loan Commitment Expiration Date and (c) the date on which the Delayed Draw Term Loan Commitments are permanently reduced to $0 pursuant to Section 2.08(c), and shall be due and payable quarterly in arrears on the last Business Day of each March, June, September and December occurring prior to the Commitment Fee Termination Date, on the date of each Delayed Draw Term Borrowing and on the Commitment Fee Termination Date. The Delayed Draw Term Commitment Fee shall be calculated quarterly in arrears.
(c)All fees payable hereunder shall be paid on the dates due, in immediately available funds, to the Administrative Agent. Fees paid shall not be refundable under any circumstances.
SECTION 2.13        Interest.
(a)The unpaid balance of the Loans comprising each ABR Borrowing shall bear interest at the Alternate Base Rate plus the Applicable Rate until repayment of the Loans in full.
(b)The unpaid balance of the Loans comprising each Eurocurrency Borrowing shall bear interest at the Adjusted LIBO Rate for the Interest Period in effect for such Borrowing plus the Applicable Rate until repayment of the Loans in full.
(c)Notwithstanding the foregoing, if any Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, all principal of or interest on any Loan and any fee or other amount payable by the
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Borrower shall bear interest, after as well as before any judgment, at a rate per annum equal to (i) in the case of principal of any Loan, 2.00% plus the rate otherwise applicable to such Loan as provided in the preceding paragraphs of this Section or (ii) in the case of any other amount payable, 2.00% plus the Applicable Rate applicable to Loans bearing interest at the Alternate Base Rate. Notwithstanding the foregoing, this clause (c) shall apply automatically upon any Event of Default pursuant to clause (a), (b), (h) or (i) of Article VII and at the direction of the Administrative Agent or the Required Lenders upon any other Event of Default.
(d)Accrued interest on each Loan shall be payable in cash in arrears on each Interest Payment Date for such Loan; provided that (i) interest accrued pursuant to paragraph (c) of this Section shall be payable on demand, (ii) in the event of any repayment or prepayment of any Loan, accrued interest on the principal amount repaid or prepaid shall be payable on the date of such repayment or prepayment and (iii) in the event of any conversion of any Eurocurrency Loan prior to the end of the current Interest Period therefor, accrued interest on such Loan shall be payable on the effective date of such conversion.
(e)All interest hereunder shall be computed on the basis of a year of 360 days, except that interest computed by reference to the Alternate Base Rate at times when the Alternate Base Rate is based on the Prime Rate shall be computed on the basis of a year of 365 days (or 366 days in a leap year), and in each case shall be payable for the actual number of days elapsed (including the first day but excluding the last day). The applicable Alternate Base Rate or Adjusted LIBO Rate shall be determined by the Administrative Agent, and such determination shall be conclusive absent manifest error. The Administrative Agent shall promptly notify the Borrower and the relevant Lenders of each determination of an Adjusted LIBO Rate.
SECTION 2.14        Benchmark Replacement Setting .Benchmark Replacement. (i) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein or in any other Loan Document (and any Hedging Agreement shall be deemed not to be a “Loan Document” for purposes of this Section 2.14), if a Benchmark Transition Event or an Early Opt-in Election, as applicable, and its related Benchmark Replacement Date have occurred prior to the Reference Time in respect of any setting of the then-current Benchmark, then (x) if a Benchmark Replacement is determined in accordance with clause (a)(1) or (a)(2) of the definition of “Benchmark Replacement” for such Benchmark Replacement Date, such Benchmark Replacement will replace such Benchmark for all purposes hereunder and under any Loan Document in respect of such Benchmark setting and subsequent Benchmark settings without any amendment to, or further action or consent of any other party to, this Agreement or any other Loan Document and (y) if a Benchmark Replacement is determined in accordance with clause (a)(3) of the definition of “Benchmark Replacement” for such Benchmark Replacement Date, such Benchmark Replacement will replace such Benchmark for all purposes hereunder and under any Loan Document in respect of any Benchmark setting at or after 5:00 p.m. (New York City time) on the fifth (5th) Business Day after the date notice of such Benchmark Replacement is provided to the Lenders without any amendment to, or further action or consent of any other party to, this Agreement or any other Loan Document so long as the Administrative Agent has not received, by such time, written notice of objection to such Benchmark Replacement from Lenders comprising the Required Lenders.
(ii)Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein or in any other Loan Document, if a Term SOFR Transition Event and its related Benchmark Replacement Date have occurred prior to the Reference Time in respect of any setting of the then-current Benchmark, then the applicable Benchmark Replacement will replace the then-current Benchmark for all purposes hereunder or under any Loan Document in respect of such Benchmark setting and subsequent Benchmark settings, without any amendment to,
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or further action or consent of any other party to, this Agreement or any other Loan Document; provided that this clause (B) shall not be effective unless the Administrative Agent has delivered to the Lenders and the Borrower a Term SOFR Notice. For the avoidance of doubt, the Administrative Agent shall not be required to deliver a Term SOFR Notice after a Term SOFR Transition Event and may elect or not elect to do so in its sole discretion.
(b)Benchmark Replacement Conforming Changes. In connection with the implementation of a Benchmark Replacement, the Administrative Agent will have the right to make Benchmark Replacement Conforming Changes from time to time in consultation with the Borrower and, notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein or in any other Loan Document, any amendments implementing such Benchmark Replacement Conforming Changes will become effective without any further action or consent of any other party to this Agreement or any other Loan Document.
(c)Notices; Standards for Decisions and Determinations. The Administrative Agent will promptly notify the Borrower and the Lenders of (A) any occurrence of a Benchmark Transition Event, a Term SOFR Transition Event or an Early Opt-in Election, as applicable, and its related Benchmark Replacement Date, (B) the implementation of any Benchmark Replacement, (C) the effectiveness of any Benchmark Replacement Conforming Changes, (D) the removal or reinstatement of any tenor of a Benchmark pursuant to Section 2.14(d) below and (E) the commencement or conclusion of any Benchmark Unavailability Period. Any determination, decision or election that may be made by the Administrative Agent, or if applicable, any Lender (or group of Lenders) pursuant to this Section 2.14, including any determination with respect to a tenor, rate or adjustment or of the occurrence or non-occurrence of an event, circumstance or date and any decision to take or refrain from taking any action or selection, will be conclusive and binding absent manifest error and may be made in its or their sole discretion and without consent from any other party to this Agreement or any other Loan Document, except, in each case, as expressly required pursuant to this Section 2.14.
(d)Unavailability of Tenor of Benchmark. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein or in any other Loan Document, at any time (including in connection with the implementation of a Benchmark Replacement), (i) if the then-current Benchmark is a term rate (including Term SOFR or the Adjusted LIBO Rate) and either (A) any tenor for such Benchmark is not displayed on a screen or other information service that publishes such rate from time to time as selected by the Administrative Agent in its reasonable discretion or (B) the regulatory supervisor for the administrator of such Benchmark has provided a public statement or publication of information announcing that any tenor for such Benchmark is or will be no longer representative, then the Administrative Agent may modify the definition of “Interest Period” for any Benchmark settings at or after such time to remove such unavailable or non-representative tenor and (ii) if a tenor that was removed pursuant to clause (i) above either (A) is subsequently displayed on a screen or information service for a Benchmark (including a Benchmark Replacement) or (B) is not, or is no longer, subject to an announcement that it is or will no longer be representative for a Benchmark (including a Benchmark Replacement), then the Administrative Agent may modify the definition of “Interest Period” for all Benchmark settings at or after such time to reinstate such previously removed tenor.
(e)Benchmark Unavailability Period. Upon the Borrower’s receipt of notice of the commencement of a Benchmark Unavailability Period, the Borrower may revoke any request for a borrowing of, conversion to or continuation of Eurocurrency Loans to be made, converted or
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continued during any Benchmark Unavailability Period and, failing that, the Borrower will be deemed to have converted any such request into a request for a borrowing of or conversion to ABR Loans. During any Benchmark Unavailability Period or at any time that a tenor from the then-current Benchmark is not an Availability Tenor, the component of the Alternate Base Rate based upon the then-current Benchmark or such tenor for such Benchmark, as applicable, will not be used in any determination of the Alternate Base Rate.
SECTION 2.15        Increased Costs.
(a)If any Change in Law shall:
(i)impose, modify or deem applicable any reserve, special deposit or similar requirement against assets of, deposits with or for the account of, or credit extended by, any Lender (except any such reserve requirement reflected in the Adjusted LIBO Rate);
(ii)impose on any Lender or the London interbank market any other condition affecting this Agreement or Eurocurrency Loans made by such Lender; or
(iii)subject any Recipient to any Taxes on its loans, loan principal, commitments, or other obligations, or its deposits, reserves, other liabilities or capital attributable thereto (other than (A) Indemnified Taxes otherwise indemnifiable under Section 2.17, (B) Taxes described in clauses (b) through (d) of the definition of Excluded Taxes and (C) Connection Income Taxes);
and the result of any of the foregoing shall be to increase the cost to such Lender of making or maintaining any Eurocurrency Loan (or of maintaining its obligation to make any such Loan) or to reduce the amount of any sum received or receivable by such Lender hereunder (whether of principal, interest or otherwise), then the Borrower will pay to such Lender such additional amount or amounts as will compensate such Lender for such additional costs incurred or reduction suffered.
(b)If any Lender determines that any Change in Law regarding capital or liquidity requirements has or would have the effect of reducing the rate of return on such Lender’s capital or on the capital of such Lender’s holding company, if any, as a consequence of this Agreement or the Loans made by such Lender to a level below that which such Lender or such Lender’s holding company could have achieved but for such Change in Law (taking into consideration such Lender’s policies and the policies of such Lender’s holding company with respect to capital adequacy or liquidity), then from time to time the Borrower will pay to such Lender such additional amount or amounts as will compensate such Lender or such Lender’s holding company for any such reduction suffered.
(c)A certificate of a Lender setting forth the amount or amounts necessary to compensate such Lender or its holding company, as the case may be, as specified in paragraph (a) or (b) of this Section shall be delivered to the Borrower and shall be conclusive absent manifest error. The Borrower shall pay such Lender the amount shown as due on any such certificate within 10 days after receipt thereof.
(d)Failure or delay on the part of any Lender to demand compensation pursuant to this Section shall not constitute a waiver of such Lender’s right to demand such compensation; provided that the Borrower shall not be required to compensate a Lender pursuant to this Section
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for any increased costs or reductions incurred more than 270 days prior to the date that such Lender notifies the Borrower of the Change in Law giving rise to such increased costs or reductions and of such Lender’s intention to claim compensation therefor; provided further that, if the Change in Law giving rise to such increased costs or reductions is retroactive, then the 270-day period referred to above shall be extended to include the period of retroactive effect thereof.
SECTION 2.16        Break Funding Payments. In the event of (a) the payment of any principal of any Eurocurrency Loan other than on the last day of an Interest Period applicable thereto (including as a result of an Event of Default), (b) the conversion of any Eurocurrency Loan other than on the last day of the Interest Period applicable thereto, (c) the failure to borrow, convert, continue or prepay any Term Loan on the date specified in any notice delivered pursuant hereto, or (d) the assignment of any Eurocurrency Loan other than on the last day of the Interest Period applicable thereto as a result of a request by the Borrower pursuant to Section 2.19, then, in any such event, the Borrower shall compensate each Lender for the loss, cost and expense attributable to such event. In the case of a Eurocurrency Loan, such loss, cost or expense to any Lender shall be deemed to include an amount determined by such Lender to be the excess, if any, of (i) the amount of interest that would have accrued on the principal amount of such Loan had such event not occurred, at the Adjusted LIBO Rate that would have been applicable to such Loan, for the period from the date of such event to the last day of the then current Interest Period therefor (or, in the case of a failure to borrow, convert or continue, for the period that would have been the Interest Period for such Loan), over (ii) the amount of interest that would accrue on such principal amount for such period at the interest rate which such Lender would bid were it to bid, at the commencement of such period, for deposits in the applicable currency of a comparable amount and period from other banks in the Eurocurrency market. A certificate of any Lender setting forth any amount or amounts that such Lender is entitled to receive pursuant to this Section shall be delivered to the Borrower and shall be conclusive absent manifest error. The Borrower shall pay such Lender the amount shown as due on any such certificate within 10 days after receipt thereof.
SECTION 2.17        Taxes.
(a)Any and all payments by or on account of any obligation of the Borrower hereunder or under any other Loan Document shall be made free and clear of and without deduction or withholding for Taxes, except as required by Applicable Law. If any Applicable Law requires the deduction or withholding of any Tax from any such payment by the Borrower or the Administrative Agent, then the applicable withholding agent shall be entitled to make such deduction or withholding and shall timely pay the full amount deducted or withheld to the relevant Governmental Authority in accordance with Applicable Law and (i) if such Tax is an Indemnified Tax, then the sum payable by the Borrower shall be increased as necessary so that after making all required deductions or withholdings (including deductions or withholdings applicable to additional sums payable under this Section) the applicable Recipient receives an amount equal to the sum it would have received had no such deductions or withholdings been made, (ii) the Borrower or the Administrative Agent shall be entitled to make such deductions or withholdings and (iii) the Borrower or the Administrative Agent shall pay the full amount deducted to the relevant Governmental Authority in accordance with Applicable Law.
(b)In addition, the Borrower shall timely pay any Other Taxes to the relevant Governmental Authority in accordance with Applicable Law.
(c)The Borrower shall indemnify each Recipient, within 10 days after written demand therefor, for the full amount of any Indemnified Taxes (including Indemnified Taxes imposed or asserted on or attributable to amounts payable under this Section) payable or paid by
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such Recipient or required to be withheld or deducted from a payment to such Recipient and any reasonable expenses arising therefrom or with respect thereto, whether or not such Indemnified Taxes were correctly or legally imposed or asserted by the relevant Governmental Authority. A certificate as to the amount of such payment or liability delivered to the Borrower by a Lender or by the Administrative Agent on its own behalf or on behalf of a Lender, shall be conclusive absent manifest error.
(d)As soon as practicable after any payment of Indemnified Taxes or Other Taxes by the Borrower to a Governmental Authority, the Borrower shall deliver to the Administrative Agent the original or a certified copy of a receipt issued by such Governmental Authority evidencing such payment, a copy of the return reporting such payment or other evidence of such payment reasonably satisfactory to the Administrative Agent.
(e)Each Lender shall severally indemnify the Administrative Agent for any Taxes (but, in the case of any Indemnified Taxes, only to the extent that any Loan Party has not already indemnified the Administrative Agent for such Indemnified Taxes and without limiting or expanding the obligation of the Borrower to do so) attributable to such Lender that are paid or payable by the Administrative Agent in connection with any Loan Document and any reasonable expenses arising therefrom or with respect thereto, whether or not such Taxes were correctly or legally imposed or asserted by the relevant Governmental Authority. The indemnity under this Section shall be paid within 10 days after the Administrative Agent delivers to the applicable Lender a certificate stating the amount of Taxes so paid or payable by the Administrative Agent. Such certificate shall be conclusive of the amount so paid or payable absent manifest error.
(f)Any Lender that is entitled to an exemption from, or reduction of, any applicable withholding Tax with respect to any payments under any Loan Document shall deliver to the Borrower (with a copy to the Administrative Agent), at the time or times prescribed by Applicable Law, such properly completed and executed documentation prescribed by Applicable Law or reasonably requested by the Borrower or the Administrative Agent as will permit such payments to be made without withholding, or at a reduced rate of, withholding. If any form or certification previously delivered pursuant to this Section expires or becomes obsolete or inaccurate in any respect with respect to a Lender, such Lender shall promptly (and in any event within 10 Business Days after such expiration, obsolescence or inaccuracy) notify the Borrower and the Administrative Agent in writing of such expiration, obsolescence or inaccuracy and update the form or certification if it is legally eligible to do so.
(i)Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, any Lender shall, to the extent it is legally eligible to do so, deliver to the Borrower and the Administrative Agent (in such number of copies reasonably requested by the Borrower and the Administrative Agent) on or prior to the date on which such Lender becomes a party hereto, duly completed and executed copies of whichever of the following is applicable:
(A)    in the case of a Lender that is a U.S. Person, IRS Form W-9 certifying that such Lender is exempt from U.S. Federal backup withholding Tax;
(B)    in the case of a Non-U.S. Lender claiming the benefits of an income tax treaty to which the United States is a party (1) with respect to payments of interest under any Loan Document, IRS Form W-8BEN-E or W-8BEN establishing an exemption from, or reduction of, U.S. Federal withholding Tax pursuant to the “interest” article of such tax treaty and (2) with respect to any other applicable payments under this Agreement, IRS Form W-8BEN-E or W-8BEN establishing an exemption from, or
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reduction of, U.S. Federal withholding Tax pursuant to the “business profits” or “other income” article of such tax treaty;
(C)    in the case of a Non-U.S. Lender for whom payments under this Agreement constitute income that is effectively connected with such Lender’s conduct of a trade or business in the United States, IRS Form W-8ECI;
(D)    in the case of a Non-U.S. Lender claiming the benefits of the exemption for portfolio interest under Section 881(c) of the Code both (1) IRS Form W-8BEN-E or W-8BEN and (2) a certificate substantially in the form of Exhibit E (a “U.S. Tax Certificate”) to the effect that such Lender is not (a) a “bank” within the meaning of Section 881(c)(3)(A) of the Code, (b) a “10 percent shareholder” of the Borrower within the meaning of Section 881(c)(3)(B) of the Code (c) a “controlled foreign corporation” described in Section 881(c)(3)(C) of the Code and (d) conducting a trade or business in the United States with which the relevant interest payments are effectively connected;
(E)    in the case of a Non-U.S. Lender that is not the beneficial owner of payments made under this Agreement (including a partnership or a participating Lender) (1) an IRS Form W-8IMY on behalf of itself and (2) the relevant forms prescribed in clauses (A), (B), (C), (D) and (F) of this paragraph (g)(ii) that would be required of each such beneficial owner or partner of such partnership if such beneficial owner or partner were a Lender; provided, however, that if the Lender is a partnership and one or more of its partners are claiming the exemption for portfolio interest under Section 881(c) of the Code, such Lender may provide a U.S. Tax Certificate on behalf of such partners; or
(F)    any other form prescribed by law as a basis for claiming exemption from, or a reduction of, U.S. Federal withholding Tax together with such supplementary documentation necessary to enable the Borrower or the Administrative Agent to determine the amount of Tax (if any) required by law to be withheld.
(ii)Each Lender shall deliver to Borrower and the Administrative Agent, at the time or times prescribed by law and at such time or times reasonably requested by the Borrower or the Administrative Agent, such documentation prescribed by Applicable Law (including as prescribed by Section 1471(b)(3)(C)(i) of the Code) and such additional documentation reasonably requested by the Borrower or the Administrative Agent as may be necessary for the Borrower or the Administrative Agent, to comply with its obligations under FATCA, to determine that such Lender has or has not complied with such Lender’s obligations under FATCA and, as necessary, to determine the amount to deduct and withhold from such payment. Solely for purposes of this Section 2.17(f)(ii), “FATCA” shall include any amendments made to FATCA after the date of this Agreement.
(iii)On or before the date on which the Administrative Agent (and any successor or replacement Administrative Agent) becomes the Administrative Agent hereunder, it shall deliver to the Borrower two executed copies of either (a) IRS Form W-9 or (b) with respect to amounts received on its own account, IRS Form W-8ECI and with respect to amounts received on account of any Lender, IRS Form W-8IMY
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certifying that it is a U.S. branch that has agreed to be treated as a U.S. Person for U.S. federal tax purposes or a qualified intermediary that has agreed to assume primary withholding obligations for Chapter 3 and Chapter 4 of the Code with respect to payments received by it from the Borrower in its capacity as Administrative Agent, as applicable.
(g)If any party determines, in its sole discretion exercised in good faith, that it has received a refund of any Indemnified Taxes (including additional amounts paid pursuant to this Section 2.17), it shall pay to the indemnifying party an amount equal to such refund (but only to the extent of indemnity payments made, or additional amounts paid, under this Section 2.17 with respect to the Indemnified Taxes giving rise to such refund), net of all out-of-pocket expenses (including any Taxes) of such indemnified party and without interest (other than any interest paid by the relevant Governmental Authority with respect to such refund); provided, however, that such indemnifying party, upon the request of such indemnified party, agrees to repay to such indemnified party the amount paid to such indemnified party pursuant to the previous sentence (plus any penalties, interest or other charges imposed by the relevant Governmental Authority) in the event such indemnified party is required to repay such refund to such Governmental Authority. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this paragraph (g), in no event will the indemnified party be required to pay any amount to an indemnifying party pursuant to this paragraph (g) the payment of which would place the indemnified party in a less favorable net after-Tax position than the indemnified party would have been in if the Tax subject to indemnification and giving rise to such refund had not been deducted, withheld or otherwise imposed and the indemnification payments or additional amounts with respect to such Tax had never been paid. Nothing contained in this Section 2.17(g) shall require any indemnified party to make available its Tax returns or any other information relating to its Taxes that it deems confidential to the indemnifying party or any other Person.
SECTION 2.18        Payments Generally; Pro Rata Treatment; Sharing of Set-offs.
(a)The Borrower shall make each payment required to be made by it hereunder or under any other Loan Document (whether of principal, interest or fees, or of amounts payable under Section 2.15, 2.16 or 2.17, or otherwise), on or before the time expressly required hereunder or under such other Loan Document for such payment (or, if no such time is expressly required, prior to 12:00 noon, New York City time), on the date when due, in immediately available funds, without set-off or counterclaim. Any amounts received after such time on any date may, in the discretion of the Administrative Agent be deemed to have been received on the next succeeding Business Day for purposes of calculating interest thereon. All such payments shall be made by wire transfer to the Administrative Agent’s Account, except that payments pursuant to Sections 2.15, 2.16, 2.17 and 10.03 shall be made directly to the Persons entitled thereto and payments pursuant to other Loan Documents shall be made to the Persons specified therein. The Administrative Agent shall distribute any such payments received by it for the account of any other Person to the appropriate recipient promptly following receipt thereof. If any payment under any Loan Document shall be due on a day that is not a Business Day, the date for payment shall be extended to the next succeeding Business Day, and, in the case of any payment accruing interest, interest thereon shall be payable for the period of such extension. All payments (including prepayments) to be made by the Borrower hereunder and under each other Loan Document, whether on account of principal, interest, fees or otherwise shall be made in dollars.
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(b)If at any time insufficient funds are received by and available to the Administrative Agent to pay fully all amounts of principal, interest and fees then due hereunder, such funds shall be applied (i) first, towards payment of interest and fees then due hereunder, ratably among the parties entitled thereto in accordance with the amounts of interest and fees then due to such parties, and (ii) second, towards payment of principal then due hereunder, ratably among the parties entitled thereto in accordance with the amounts of principal then due to such parties.
(c)If any Lender shall, by exercising any right of set-off or counterclaim or otherwise, obtain payment in respect of any principal of or interest on any of its Term Loans resulting in such Lender receiving payment of a greater proportion of the aggregate amount of its Term Loans and accrued interest thereon than the proportion received by any other Lender, then the Lender receiving such greater proportion shall purchase (for cash at face value) participations in the Term Loans of other Lenders to the extent necessary so that the benefit of all such payments shall be shared by the Lenders ratably in accordance with the aggregate amount of principal of and accrued interest on their respective Term Loans; provided that (i) if any such participations are purchased and all or any portion of the payment giving rise thereto is recovered, such participations shall be rescinded and the purchase price restored to the extent of such recovery, without interest, and (ii) the provisions of this paragraph shall not be construed to apply to any payment made by the Borrower pursuant to and in accordance with the express terms of this Agreement or any payment obtained by a Lender as consideration for the assignment of or sale of a participation in any of its Loans to any assignee or participant, other than to the Borrower or any Subsidiary or Affiliate thereof (as to which the provisions of this paragraph shall apply). The Borrower consents to the foregoing and agrees, to the extent it may effectively do so under Applicable Law, that any Lender acquiring a participation pursuant to the foregoing arrangements may exercise against the Borrower rights of set-off and counterclaim with respect to such participation as fully as if such Lender were a direct creditor of the Borrower in the amount of such participation.
(d)Unless the Administrative Agent shall have received written notice from the Borrower prior to the date on which any payment hereunder is due to the Administrative Agent for the account of the Lenders that the Borrower will not make such payment, the Administrative Agent may assume that the Borrower has made such payment on such date in accordance herewith and may (but shall be under no obligation to), in reliance upon such assumption, distribute to the Lenders the amount due. In such event, if the Borrower has not in fact made such payment due to the Administrative Agent, then each of the Lenders severally agrees to repay to the Administrative Agent forthwith on demand the amount so distributed to such Lender with interest thereon, for each day from and including the date such amount is distributed to it to but excluding the date of payment to the Administrative Agent, at the greater of the Federal Funds Effective Rate and a rate determined by the Administrative Agent in accordance with banking industry rules on interbank compensation.
(e)If any Lender shall fail to make any payment required to be made by it pursuant to Section 2.06(b), 2.18(d) or 10.03(c), then the Administrative Agent may, in its discretion (notwithstanding any contrary provision hereof), apply any amounts thereafter received by the Administrative Agent for the account of such Lender to satisfy such Lender’s obligations under such Sections until all such unsatisfied obligations are fully paid.
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SECTION 2.19        Mitigation Obligations; Replacement of Lenders.
(a)If any Lender requests compensation under Section 2.15, or if the Borrower is required to pay any additional amount to any Lender or any Governmental Authority for the account of any Lender pursuant to Section 2.17, then such Lender shall use reasonable efforts to designate a different lending office for funding or booking its Loans hereunder or to assign its rights and obligations hereunder to another of its offices, branches or Affiliates, if, in the judgment of such Lender, such designation or assignment (i) would eliminate or reduce amounts payable pursuant to Section 2.15 or 2.17, as the case may be, in the future and (ii) would not subject such Lender to any unreimbursed cost or expense and would not otherwise be disadvantageous to such Lender. The Borrower hereby agrees to pay all reasonable costs and expenses incurred by any Lender in connection with any such designation or assignment.
(b)If any Lender requests compensation under Section 2.15, or if the Borrower is required to pay any additional amount to any Lender or any Governmental Authority for the account of any Lender pursuant to Section 2.17, or if any Lender becomes a Defaulting Lender, then the Borrower may, at its sole expense and effort, upon written notice to such Lender and the Administrative Agent, require such Lender to assign and delegate, without recourse (in accordance with and subject to the restrictions contained in Section 10.04), all its interests, rights and obligations under this Agreement to an assignee selected by the Borrower that shall assume such obligations (which assignee may be another Lender, if a Lender accepts such assignment); provided that (i) the Borrower shall have received the prior written consent of the Administrative Agent, which consent shall not unreasonably be withheld, (ii) such Lender shall have received payment of an amount equal to the outstanding principal of its Loans, accrued interest thereon, accrued fees and all other amounts payable to it hereunder, from the assignee (to the extent of such outstanding principal and accrued interest and fees) or the Borrower (in the case of all other amounts) and (iii) in the case of any such assignment resulting from a claim for compensation under Section 2.15 or payments required to be made pursuant to Section 2.17, such assignment will result in a material reduction in such compensation or payments. A Lender shall not be required to make any such assignment and delegation if, prior thereto, as a result of a waiver by such Lender or otherwise, the circumstances entitling the Borrower to require such assignment and delegation cease to apply. Each party hereto agrees that an assignment required pursuant to this paragraph may be effected pursuant to an Assignment and Assumption executed by the Borrower, the Administrative Agent and the assignee, and that the Lender required to make such assignment need not be a party thereto in order for such assignment to be effective; provided, that, such assignee, if it shall not be a Lender, shall deliver to the Administrative Agent an Administrative Questionnaire, the tax forms required by Section 2.17(f) and all other documentation and other information required by regulatory authorities under applicable “know your customer” and anti-money laundering rules and regulations including, without limitation, the PATRIOT Act.
SECTION 2.20        Defaulting Lenders. Notwithstanding any provision of this Agreement to the contrary, if any Lender becomes a Defaulting Lender, the following provisions shall apply for so long as such Lender is a Defaulting Lender:
(a)The commitment fees pursuant to Section 2.12(b) shall cease to accrue on the unfunded portion of the Delayed Draw Term Loan Commitments of such Defaulting Lender.
(b)Any amount payable to a Defaulting Lender hereunder (whether on account of principal, interest, fees or otherwise) shall, in lieu of being distributed to such Defaulting Lender, be retained by the Administrative Agent in a segregated account and, subject to any applicable
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requirements of law, be applied at such time or times as may be determined by the Administrative Agent (i) first, to the payment of any amounts owing by such Defaulting Lender to the Administrative Agent hereunder, (ii) second, to the funding of any Delayed Draw Term Loan in respect of which such Defaulting Lender has failed to fund its portion thereof as required by this Agreement, as determined by the Administrative Agent, (iii) third, if so determined by the Administrative Agent and the Borrower, held in such account as cash collateral for future funding obligations of the Defaulting Lender under this Agreement, (iv) fourth, pro rata to the payment of any amounts owing to the Borrower or the Lenders as a result of any judgment of a court of competent jurisdiction obtained by the Borrower or any Lender against such Defaulting Lender as a result of such Defaulting Lender’s breach of its obligations under this Agreement, and (v) fifth, to such Defaulting Lender or as otherwise directed by a court of competent jurisdiction; provided that if such payment is made at a time when the conditions set forth in Section 4.02 are satisfied, such payment shall be applied solely to prepay the Loans of all Lenders that are not Defaulting Lenders pro rata prior to being applied to the prepayment of any Loans, or reimbursement obligations owed to, any Defaulting Lender.
(c)No Defaulting Lender shall have any right to approve or disapprove any amendment, waiver, consent or any other action the Lenders or the Required Lenders have taken or may take hereunder; provided that any waiver, amendment or modification requiring the consent of all Lenders or each directly affected Lender which affects such Defaulting Lender differently than other affected Lenders shall require the consent of such Defaulting Lender.
ARTICLE III
Representations and Warranties
The Borrower represents and warrants to the Lenders that:
SECTION 3.01        Organization; Powers. Each of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries is duly organized, validly existing and in good standing (to the extent such concept is recognized) under the laws of the jurisdiction of its organization, has all requisite power and authority to carry on its business as now conducted and, except where the failure to do so, individually or in the aggregate, could not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect, is qualified to do business in, and is in good standing in, every jurisdiction where such qualification is required.
SECTION 3.02        Authorization; Enforceability. The Transactions to be entered into by each Loan Party are within such Loan Party’s powers and have been duly authorized by all necessary action. This Agreement and all other Loan Documents have been duly executed and delivered by the Borrower and each Loan Party party thereto and constitute a legal, valid and binding obligation of the Borrower or such Loan Party (as the case may be), enforceable in accordance with its terms, subject to applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or other laws affecting creditors’ rights generally and subject to general principles of equity, regardless of whether considered in a proceeding in equity or at law.
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SECTION 3.03        Governmental Approvals; No Conflicts. The Transactions and the other transactions contemplated hereby (a) do not require any consent or approval of, registration or filing with, or any other action by, any Governmental Authority, except (i) such as have been obtained or made and are in full force and effect, (ii) filings necessary to perfect Liens created under the Loan Documents and (iii) consents, approvals, registrations, filings or actions the failure of which to obtain or perform could not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect, (b) will not violate any Applicable Law or regulation or the charter, by-laws or other organizational documents of the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries or any order of any Governmental Authority, (c) will not violate or result in a default under any indenture, agreement or other instrument binding upon the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries or their assets, or give rise to a right thereunder to require any payment to be made by the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries, except for violations, defaults or the creation of such rights that could not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect, (d) will not result in the creation or imposition of any Lien on any asset of the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries, except Liens created under the Loan Documents and Liens permitted by Section 6.02, and (e) do not require any acknowledgement, agreement or consent under any indenture, agreement or other instrument binding upon the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries or their assets, except for such acknowledgements, agreements and consents as have been obtained or made and are in full force and effect, and such acknowledgements, agreements or consents the failure of which to obtain could not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect. Schedule 3.03 sets forth for the Borrower and each Subsidiary Loan Party a description of each license from a Governmental Authority which is material to the conduct of the business of such Loan Party as of the Closing Date.
SECTION 3.04        Financial Condition; No Material Adverse Change.
(a)The Borrower has heretofore furnished to the Administrative Agent its consolidated balance sheet and statements of income, stockholders equity and cash flows (i) as of and for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2018 and December 31, 2019, reported on by Deloitte & Touche LLP, independent public accountants, and (ii) as of and for the fiscal quarter ended September 30, 2020, in each case certified by its chief financial officer. Such financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position and results of operations and cash flows of the Borrower and its consolidated Subsidiaries as of such dates and for such periods in accordance with GAAP, subject to year-end audit adjustments and the absence of footnotes in the case of the statements referred to in clause (ii) above.
(b)The Borrower has heretofore furnished to the Administrative Agent a pro forma consolidated balance sheet and related pro forma consolidated statement of income of the Borrower as of and for the 12-month period ending on the last day of the most recently completed four-fiscal quarter period for which financial statements were delivered under Section 3.04(a), prepared after giving effect to the Transactions and the other transactions contemplated hereby to be consummated on the Closing Date as if the Transactions and such other transactions had occurred as of such date (in the case of such balance sheet) or at the beginning of such period (in the case of such income statements).
(c)Except as disclosed in the financial statements referred to above or the notes thereto, and except for the Disclosed Matters and except for liabilities arising as a result of the Transactions, after giving effect to the Transactions, none of the Borrower or the Subsidiaries has, as of the Closing Date, any contingent liabilities that would be material to the Borrower and the Subsidiaries, taken as a whole.
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(d)Since September 30, 2020, there has been no event, change or occurrence that, individually or in the aggregate, has had or could reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.
SECTION 3.05        Properties.
(a)Each of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries has good title to, or valid leasehold interests in, all its real and personal property material to its business (including its Mortgaged Properties), free and clear of all Liens except for Permitted Encumbrances and as permitted under Section 6.02, except where the failure to have such title or other property interests described above would not reasonably be expected to have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect.
(b)Each of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries owns, or is licensed to use, all trademarks, tradenames, copyrights, patents and other Intellectual Property used or held for use in its business, and the use thereof by the Borrower and its Subsidiaries and the conduct of its and their businesses does not and has not infringed upon the rights of any other Person, except to the extent any such failure to own or license, and for any such infringements that, individually or in the aggregate, could not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect. No claim or litigation regarding any of the foregoing is pending or, to the knowledge of Borrower, threatened which would have a Material Adverse Effect. Borrower and its Subsidiaries have taken all necessary and otherwise commercially reasonable measures to protect the confidentiality of all trade secrets included in the Collateral. No material trade secrets have been disclosed by Borrower or its Subsidiaries to any Person other than pursuant to a written agreement restricting the disclosure and use thereof. To the knowledge of Borrower, no current or former employee, contractor or consultant of Borrower or its Subsidiaries has any right, title or interest in or to any Intellectual Property that is included in the Collateral. To the knowledge of Borrower, all Persons (including any current or former employees, contractors or consultants) who have developed, created, conceived or reduced to practice any material Intellectual Property in the Collateral for Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries have assigned all right, title and interest in and to all such Intellectual Property to Borrower or one of its Subsidiaries pursuant to a valid and enforceable written contract or by operation of law.
(c)Schedule 3.05 sets forth the address of each real property that is owned, leased, subleased, licensed or otherwise used or occupied pursuant to a binding agreement by the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries as of the Closing Date after giving effect to the Transactions.
SECTION 3.06        Litigation and Environmental Matters.
(a)There are no actions, suits, claims or proceedings at law, in equity, in arbitration or by or before any arbitrator or Governmental Authority pending against or, to the knowledge of the Borrower, threatened against or affecting the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries or against any of its or their property or revenue (i) that could reasonably be expected, individually or in the aggregate, to result in a Material Adverse Effect or (ii) that involve any of the Loan Documents or the Transactions.
(b)Except for the Disclosed Matters and except with respect to any other matters that, individually or in the aggregate, have not resulted in, or could not reasonably be expected to result in, a Material Adverse Effect, none of the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries (i) is failing,
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or has failed, to comply with any Environmental Law or to obtain, maintain or comply with any permit, license, registration, certification or other approval required under any Environmental Law, (ii) has incurred, assumed, provided an indemnity with respect to, or otherwise become subject to any Environmental Liability, (iii) has received any Environmental Notice, or any report or other information regarding any claim with respect to any Environmental Liability or (iv) knows of any basis for any Environmental Liability.
(c)Except for the Disclosed Matters and except with respect to any other matters that, individually or in the aggregate, have not resulted in, or could not reasonably be expected to result in, a Material Adverse Effect, none of the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries has treated, stored, released, discharged, disposed of, arranged for or permitted the disposal of, transported, handled, manufactured, sold, distributed, or exposed any Person to, or owned, leased or operated any property or facility which is or has been contaminated by, any Hazardous Materials, in each case so as to give rise to any current or future Environmental Liability.
(d)Neither the Borrower nor any Subsidiary is undertaking or is obligated to undertake, either individually or together with other potentially responsible parties, any investigation, remediation, or response action relating to any actual or threatened Release of Hazardous Materials at any site or location, except as has not resulted in, and could not reasonably be expected to result in, a Material Adverse Effect.
(e)[Reserved].
(f)Since the date of this Agreement, there has been no change in the status of the Disclosed Matters that, individually or in the aggregate, has resulted in, or materially increased the likelihood of, a Material Adverse Effect.
(g)No Borrower or Subsidiary Loan Party is in default with respect to any order, injunction or judgment of any Governmental Authority, except for such defaults which, individually or in the aggregate, could not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.
SECTION 3.07        Compliance with Laws and Agreements. Each of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries is in compliance with all laws (including Environmental Laws), regulations and orders of any Governmental Authority applicable to it or its property and all indentures, agreements and other instruments binding upon it or its property, except where the failure to do so, individually or in the aggregate, could not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect. No Default has occurred and is continuing.
SECTION 3.08        Investment Company Status. None of the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries is an “investment company” as defined in, or subject to regulation under, the Investment Company Act of 1940.
SECTION 3.09        Taxes. Each of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries has timely filed or caused to be filed all Tax returns and reports required to have been filed and has paid or caused to be paid all Taxes required to have been paid by it, except (a) any Taxes that are being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings and for which the Borrower or such Subsidiary, as applicable, has set aside on its books adequate reserves in accordance with GAAP or (b) to the extent that the failure to do so could not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect. As of the Closing Date, there is no pending audit of the Borrower or any Subsidiary Loan Party with any federal, state, local or foreign tax authority, except as could not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.
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SECTION 3.10        ERISA.
(a)No ERISA Event has occurred or is reasonably expected to occur that, when taken together with all other such ERISA Events for which liability is reasonably expected to occur, could reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect. As of the Closing Date, the present value of all accumulated benefit obligations of all underfunded Plans (based on the assumptions used for purposes of the Financial Accounting Standards Board Accounting Standards Codification Topic No. 715-30) did not, as of the date of the most recent financial statements reflecting such amounts, exceed by more than $5,000,000 the fair market value of the assets of all such underfunded Plans. As of the most recent valuation date for each Multiemployer Plan, the potential liability of the Loan Parties and any ERISA Affiliates for a complete withdrawal from such Multiemployer Plan (within the meaning of Section 4203 or Section 4205 of ERISA), when aggregated with such potential liability for a complete withdrawal from all Multiemployer Plans, does not exceed $5,000,000. The Borrower does not hold “plan assets” as such term is defined by Section 3(42) of ERISA.
(b)Neither the Borrower nor any of its Subsidiaries has or has at any time been an employer (for the purposes of sections 38 to 51 of the Pensions Act 2004 of the United Kingdom) of an occupational pension scheme which is not a money purchase scheme (both terms as defined in the Pensions Schemes Act 1993 of the United Kingdom) or any other defined benefit or final salary pension scheme in any jurisdiction other than the United States (or any state, commonwealth or political sub-division thereof).
(c)Neither the Borrower nor any of its Subsidiaries is or has at any time been “connected” with or an “associate” of (as those terms are used in sections 38 and 43 of the Pensions Act 2004 of the United Kingdom or any substantially equivalent provision in any other jurisdiction in which a Foreign Subsidiary is incorporated or organized) such an employer.
SECTION 3.11        Disclosure. The Borrower has disclosed to the Lenders all agreements, instruments and corporate or other restrictions to which the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries is subject, and all other matters known to any of them, that, individually or in the aggregate, could reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect. None of the reports, financial statements, certificates or other information furnished by or on behalf of any Loan Party to the Administrative Agent or any Lender in connection with the negotiation of this Agreement or any other Loan Document or delivered hereunder or thereunder (as modified or supplemented by other information so furnished) contains any material misstatement of fact or omits to state any material fact necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; provided that, with respect to projected financial information, the Borrower represents only that such information was prepared in good faith based upon assumptions believed to be reasonable at the time such projections were prepared.
SECTION 3.12        Subsidiaries.Schedule 3.12 sets forth the name of, and the ownership interest of the Borrower in each Subsidiary of the Borrower and identifies each Subsidiary that is a Subsidiary Loan Party, in each case as of the Closing Date.
SECTION 3.13        Insurance. Schedule 3.13 sets forth a description of all material insurance policies maintained by or on behalf of the Borrower and the Subsidiaries as of the Closing Date. As of the Closing Date, all premiums due in respect of such insurance have been paid. The insurance coverage of the Loan Parties complies with the requirements of Section 5.07.
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SECTION 3.14        Labor Matters.Neither Borrower nor any Subsidiary is party to or bound by any collective bargaining or similar labor agreement. Except as could not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect, as of the Closing Date, (i) there are no strikes, lockouts, slowdowns or other labor disputes against the Borrower or any Subsidiary pending or, to the knowledge of the Borrower, threatened; (ii) there are no representation proceedings pending or, to the knowledge of Borrower, threatened to be filed with the National Labor Relations Board, and (iii) no labor organization or group of employees of Borrower or any Subsidiary has made a pending demand for recognition. All payments due from the Borrower or any Subsidiary, or for which any claim may be made against the Borrower or any Subsidiary, on account of wages and employee health and welfare insurance and other benefits, have been paid or accrued as a liability on the books of the Borrower or such Subsidiary except for those which, individually or in the aggregate, could not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. The consummation of the Transactions will not give rise to any right of termination or right of renegotiation on the part of any union under any collective bargaining or similar labor agreement to which the Borrower or any Subsidiary is bound.
SECTION 3.15        Solvency.(x) Immediately after the consummation of the Transactions to occur on the Closing Date and immediately following the making of each Loan made on the Closing Date and after giving effect to the application of the proceeds of such Loans and (y) immediately following the making of the Delayed Draw Term Loans and giving effect to the application of the proceeds of such Loans, each of (i) the Borrower and (ii) the Borrower and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, are Solvent.
SECTION 3.16        Senior Indebtedness.. The Obligations constitute “Senior Debt”, however defined, under the terms of any Indebtedness that is subordinated in right of payment to the Obligations.
SECTION 3.17        Security Documents.
(a)The Security Documents create in favor of the Collateral Agent, for the benefit of the Secured Parties, a legal, valid and enforceable, and, together with all filings and other actions necessary or desirable to create, perfect and protect the Liens in the Collateral of the Collateral Agent, perfected Lien in the Collateral with the priority specified in the ABL/Term Intercreditor Agreement, securing the payment of the Obligations, subject only to Liens permitted by Section 6.02.
(b)Each Mortgage, upon execution and delivery thereof by the parties thereto, is effective to create, subject to the exceptions listed in each title insurance policy covering such Mortgage, in favor of and reasonably satisfactory to the Collateral Agent, for the benefit of the Secured Parties, a legal, valid and enforceable Lien on all of the applicable mortgagor’s right, title and interest in and to the Mortgaged Properties thereunder and the proceeds thereof, and when the Mortgages are filed in the appropriate offices, the Lien created by each Mortgage shall constitute a perfected Lien on all right, title and interest of the applicable mortgagor in such Mortgaged Properties and the proceeds thereof, in each case prior and superior in right to any other Person, other than with respect to the rights of Persons pursuant to Liens permitted by Section 6.02 and subject to the ABL/Term Loan Intercreditor Agreement.
SECTION 3.18        Federal Reserve Regulations.
(a)None of the Borrower or any of the Subsidiaries is engaged principally, or as one of its important activities, in the business of extending credit for the purpose of buying or carrying Margin Stock.
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(b)No part of the proceeds of any Loan will be used, whether directly or indirectly, and whether immediately, incidentally or ultimately, for any purpose that entails a violation of the provisions of the Regulations of the Board, including Regulation U or Regulation X.
SECTION 3.19        Anti-Corruption Laws and Sanctions.
(a)The Borrower has implemented and maintains in effect policies and procedures designed to ensure compliance by the Borrower, its Subsidiaries and their respective directors, officers, employees and agents with Anti-Corruption Laws and applicable Sanctions, and the Borrower, its Subsidiaries and their respective officers and employees and, to the knowledge of the Borrower, its directors and agents, are in compliance with Anti-Corruption Laws and applicable Sanctions in all material respects. None of (a) the Borrower, any Subsidiary or any of their respective directors, officers or employees, or (b) to the knowledge of the Borrower, any agent of the Borrower or any Subsidiary that will act in any capacity in connection with or benefit from the credit facility established hereby, is a Sanctioned Person. No Borrowing, use of proceeds or other transaction contemplated by this Agreement will violate Anti-Corruption Laws or applicable Sanctions.
(b)The representations and warranties given in paragraph (a) above shall only be made or deemed to be made by and apply to the Borrower, its Subsidiaries and their respective directors, officers, employees and agents to the extent that the giving of and complying with or receiving of such representations and warranties do not result in a violation of or conflict with or do not expose the Borrower, its Subsidiaries and their respective directors, officers, employees and agents to any liability under section 7 of the German Foreign Trade Regulation (Außenwirtschaftsverordnung, “AWV”) (in conjunction with sections 4, 19 paragraph 3 no. 1a of the German Foreign Trade Act (Außenwirtschaftsgesetz) and section 81 paragraph 1 no. 1 AWV), any provision of Council Regulation (EC) 2271/96 and Commission Delegated Regulation (EC) No 2018/1100, any provision of The Protecting Against the effects of the Extraterritorial Application of Third Country Legislation (Amendment) (EU Exit) Regulations 2019 of the United Kingdom and/or any similar anti-boycott laws or regulations.
SECTION 3.20        Material Contracts. Schedule 3.20 hereto sets forth for the Borrower and each Subsidiary Loan Party, as of the Closing Date, a list of all of the material contracts and agreements to which such Loan Party is a party, including all Specified Vendor Receivables Financing Documents (other than agreements disclosed to the Administrative Agent pursuant to Section 5.01(g), agreements relating to Indebtedness described on Schedule 6.01, real property leases identified on Schedule 2.03 to the Perfection Certificate delivered to the Administrative Agent on the Closing Date, and licenses identified on Schedule 4.04 to the Perfection Certificate delivered to the Administrative Agent on the Closing Date).
SECTION 3.21        EEA Financial Institutions. No Loan Party is an EEA Financial Institution.
SECTION 3.22        Beneficial Ownership Certification. As of the Closing Date, to the best knowledge of the Borrower, the information included in the Beneficial Ownership Certification (if any) provided on or prior to the Closing Date to any Lender in connection with this Agreement is true and correct in all respects.
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SECTION 3.23        Centre of Main Interests and Establishments. For the purposes of Regulation (EU) 2015/848 of 20 May 2015 on insolvency proceedings (recast) (the “Regulation”), each Foreign Subsidiary incorporated or organised in the United Kingdom or any member state of the European Union has its centre of main interest (as that term is used in Article 3(1) of the Regulation) situated in its jurisdiction of incorporation or organisation and it has no “establishment” (as that term is used in Article 2(10) of the Regulation) in any other jurisdiction.
ARTICLE IV
Conditions
SECTION 4.01        Closing Date. The obligations of the Lenders to make Initial Term Loans hereunder is subject to the satisfaction of the following conditions:The Administrative Agent shall have received each of the following documents, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Administrative Agent, executed by the respective parties thereto:
(i)this Agreement;
(ii)a Borrowing Request in accordance with the requirements hereof;
(iii)an Initial Term Loan Note in favor of each Lender that has requested an Initial Term Loan Note;
(iv)the Guarantee and Collateral Agreement; and
(v)each other Security Document required by the Collateral and Guarantee Requirement, including proper financing statements (Form UCC-1 or the equivalent) for filing under the Uniform Commercial Code or other appropriate filing offices of each jurisdiction as may be necessary to perfect the security interests purported to be created by the Guarantee and Collateral Agreement.
(b)The Agents shall have received a favorable written opinion (addressed to the Administrative Agent and the Lenders and dated the Closing Date) of:
(i)in respect of the capacity and authority of the Loan Parties incorporated or organized in New York and Delaware and the enforceability of the Loan Documents governed by U.S. federal law or the laws of the State of New York, Jones Day;
(ii)in respect of the capacity and authority of each Loan Party incorporated in Canada and the enforceability of the Security Documents governed by Canadian law, of Wildeboer Dellelce LLP;
(iii)in respect of the capacity and authority of each Loan Party incorporated in Germany, Jones Day; and
(iv)in respect of the capacity and authority of each Loan Party incorporated in Mexico, Jones Day;
in each case in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Administrative Agent. The Borrower hereby requests such counsel to deliver such opinions.
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(c)The Administrative Agent shall have received such documents and certificates as the Administrative Agent or its counsel may reasonably request relating to the organization, existence and good standing of each Loan Party, the authorization of the Transactions and any other legal matters relating to the Loan Parties, the Loan Documents or the Transactions, including resolutions or other corporate or limited liability company action and incumbency certificates evidencing the identity, authority and capacity of each officer authorized to execute this Agreement and the other Loan Documents to which such Loan Parties are party, all in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Administrative Agent and its counsel.
(d)The Administrative Agent (or its counsel) shall have received the ABL/Term Loan Intercreditor Agreement, executed and delivered by the Borrower, the other Loan Parties as of the Closing Date, the Collateral Agent and the ABL Agent.
(e)The Administrative Agent shall have received all fees and other amounts due and payable on or prior to the Closing Date, including, to the extent invoiced, reimbursement or payment of all out-of-pocket expenses (including fees, charges and disbursements of counsel) required to be reimbursed or paid by any Loan Party hereunder or under any Loan Document.
(f)The Administrative Agent shall have received the results of a recent lien search where the Loan Parties are organized or incorporated and where assets of the Loan Parties are located, and such searches shall reveal no liens on any of the assets of the Loan Parties except for Liens permitted by Section 6.02 or liens for which satisfactory arrangements for the termination thereof have been made pursuant to UCC-3 financing statements, PPSA financing charge statements or other release documentation reasonably satisfactory to the Administrative Agent.
(g)The Collateral and Guarantee Requirement shall have been satisfied, and the Administrative Agent shall have received a completed Perfection Certificate dated the Closing Date and signed by an executive officer or Financial Officer of the Borrower, together with all attachments contemplated thereby.
(h)The Administrative Agent shall have received evidence that the insurance required by Section 5.07 and the Security Documents is in effect, together with certificates and endorsements (i) naming the Collateral Agent, for the benefit of the Secured Parties, as additional insured and loss payee thereunder and (ii) providing for 30 days’ notice of cancellation (or 10 days for non-payment) to the Collateral Agent, in each case, to the extent required by Section 5.07.
(i)After giving effect to the Transactions as of the Closing Date, none of the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries shall have outstanding Indebtedness for borrowed money other than (i) Indebtedness incurred under this Agreement, (ii) Indebtedness incurred and outstanding under the ABL Credit Agreement and (iii) Indebtedness incurred and outstanding in compliance with Section 6.01 of this Agreement.
(j)The Lenders shall have received the financial statements referred to in Section 3.04(a) and (b).
(k)The Administrative Agent shall have received a certificate, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Administrative Agent, dated the Closing Date and signed by the chief financial officer of each of the Borrower, certifying that its Subsidiaries, on a consolidated basis after giving effect to the Transactions, are Solvent.
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(l)The Administrative Agent and the Lenders shall have received (i) all documentation and other information required by bank regulatory authorities under applicable “know your customer” and anti-money laundering rules and regulations, including the PATRIOT Act and (ii) solely to the extent the Borrower qualifies as a “legal entity customer” under the Beneficial Ownership Regulation, a Beneficial Ownership Certification.
(m)Since September 30, 2020, there has been no event, change or occurrence that, individually or in the aggregate, has had or could reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.
(n)An amendment to the ABL Credit Agreement shall be (or shall be substantially simultaneously with the initial funding of the Initial Term Loan on the Closing Date) effective.
(o)The representations and warranties of each Loan Party set forth in the Loan Documents shall be true and correct in all material respects (or in all respects if qualified as to materiality) on and as of the Closing Date.
(p)No Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing on the Closing Date or after giving effect to the Loans requested to be made on such date.
(q)No litigation, investigation or proceeding of or before any arbitrator or Governmental Authority is pending or, to the knowledge of any Loan Party or their respective Subsidiaries, threatened, that calls into question the validity or enforceability of this Agreement and the extensions of credit to be made hereunder.
(r)All governmental approvals and consents and approvals of, or notices to, any other Person required in connection with the Transactions, the continuing operations of the Loan Parties and their respective Subsidiaries, the operations of the Loan Parties and their respective Subsidiaries and the other transactions contemplated hereby shall have been obtained and be in full force and effect (including shareholder approvals, landlords’ consents and other consents).
(s)The Administrative Agent shall have received a certificate, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Administrative Agent, certifying to the satisfaction of the conditions in Section 4.01(m), (o), (p), (q) and (r).
(t)In respect of C.P. Witter Limited whose shares are the subject of Liens granted under the Security Documents governed by English law (the “Charged Company”), a certificate of an authorised signatory of the Charged Company certifying that (i) the Borrower and each of its Subsidiaries has complied within the relevant timeframe with any notice it has received pursuant to Part 21A of the Companies Act 2006 of the United Kingdom from the Charged Company; and (ii) no “warning notice” or “restrictions notice” (in each case as defined in Schedule 1B of the Companies Act 2006 of the United Kingdom) has been issued in respect of those shares, together with a copy of the “PSC register” (within the meaning of section 790C(10) of the Companies Act 2006 of the United Kingdom) of the Charged Company which is certified by an authorised signatory of the Charged Company to be correct, complete and not amended or superseded as at a date no earlier than the Closing Date.
SECTION 4.02        Delayed Draw Closing Date. The obligations of the Lenders to make Delayed Draw Term Loans hereunder on any Delayed Draw Closing Date is subject to the satisfaction (or waiver in accordance with the terms of this Agreement) of the following conditions:
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(a)The Administrative Agent shall have received a Borrowing Request in accordance with the requirements hereof, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Administrative Agent, executed by the Borrower.
(b)The Administrative Agent shall have received a Delayed Draw Term Loan Note in favor of each Lender that has requested an Delayed Draw Term Loan Note, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Administrative Agent, executed by the Borrower.
(c)Since the Closing Date, there has been no event, change or occurrence that, individually or in the aggregate, has had or could reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.
(d)The representations and warranties of each Loan Party set forth in the Loan Documents shall be true and correct in all material respects (or in all respects if qualified as to materiality) on and as of such Delayed Draw Closing Date unless such representation or warranty relates to an earlier date, in which case they are true and correct in all material respects (or in all respects if qualified as to materiality) as of such earlier date.
(e)No Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing on such Delayed Draw Closing Date or after giving effect to the Loans requested to be made on such date.
(f)The use of proceeds of the Delayed Draw Term Loans shall comply with Sections 5.11 and 6.14 in all respects.
ARTICLE V
Affirmative Covenants
Until the Commitments have expired or been terminated and the principal of and interest on each Loan and all fees payable hereunder and other Obligations shall have been paid in full, the Borrower covenants and agrees with the Lenders that:
SECTION 5.01        Financial Statements and Other Information. The Borrower will furnish to the Administrative Agent and each Lender:
(a)within 90 days after the end of each fiscal year of the Borrower, its audited consolidated balance sheet, income statement and statement of cash flows as of the end of and for such year, setting forth in each case in comparative form the figures for the previous fiscal year, all reported on by Deloitte & Touche LLP or other independent public accountants of recognized national standing (without a “going concern” or like qualification or exception (except for any such qualification or exception resulting from the current maturity of Loans hereunder) and without any qualification or exception as to the scope of such audit) to the effect that such consolidated financial statements present fairly in all material respects the financial condition and results of operations of the Borrower and its consolidated subsidiaries on a consolidated basis in accordance with GAAP consistently applied (it being understood that the obligation to furnish the foregoing to the Administrative Agent and the Lenders shall be deemed to be satisfied in respect of any fiscal year of the Borrower by the filing of the Borrower’s annual report on Form 10-K for such fiscal year with the Commission to the extent the foregoing are included therein);
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(b)within 45 days after the end of each fiscal quarter of each fiscal year of the Borrower, its consolidated balance sheet, income statement and statement of cash flows as of the end of and for such fiscal quarter and the then elapsed portion of the fiscal year, setting forth in each case in comparative form the figures for the corresponding period or periods of (or, in the case of the balance sheet, as of the end of) the previous fiscal year, all certified by one of its Financial Officers as presenting fairly in all material respects the financial condition and results of operations of the Borrower and its consolidated subsidiaries on a consolidated basis in accordance with GAAP consistently applied, subject to normal year-end audit adjustments and the absence of footnotes (it being understood that the obligation to furnish the foregoing to the Administrative Agent and the Lenders shall be deemed to be satisfied in respect of any fiscal quarter of the Borrower by the filing of the Borrower’s quarterly report on Form 10-Q for such fiscal quarter with the Commission to the extent the foregoing are included therein);
(c)within 30 days after the end of each calendar month of each fiscal year of the Borrower (other than any calendar month ending on the same date as a fiscal quarter end), its consolidated balance sheet, income statement, statement of cash flows and their respective results of operations during such calendar month and the then elapsed portion of the fiscal year, setting forth in each case in comparative form the figures for the corresponding period or periods of (or, in the case of the balance sheet, as of the end of) the previous fiscal year, all certified by one of its Financial Officers as presenting fairly in all material respects the financial condition and results of operations of the Borrower and its consolidated subsidiaries on a consolidated basis in accordance with GAAP consistently applied, subject to normal year-end audit adjustments and the absence of footnotes;
(d)within 90 days after the end of each fiscal year of the Borrower (but in any event no later than two Business Days after any delivery of financial statements under clause (a) above), or within 45 days after the end of each of the first three fiscal quarters of each fiscal year of the Borrower (but in any event no later than two Business Days after any delivery of financial statements under clause (b) above), a certificate of a Financial Officer of the Borrower (i) certifying as to whether a Default or Event of Default has occurred and, if a Default or Event of Default has occurred, specifying the details thereof and any action taken or proposed to be taken with respect thereto, (ii) stating whether any change in GAAP or in the application thereof has occurred since the date of the Borrower’s audited financial statements referred to in Section 3.04 and, if any such change has occurred, specifying the effect of such change on the financial statements accompanying such certificate and (iii) identifying all Subsidiaries existing on the date of such certificate and indicating, for each such Subsidiary, whether such Subsidiary is a Subsidiary Loan Party and/or a Foreign Subsidiary and whether such Subsidiary was formed or acquired since the end of the previous fiscal quarter;
(e)within 90 days after the end of each fiscal year of the Borrower, (i) a certificate of the accounting firm that reported on such financial statements stating whether they obtained knowledge during the course of their examination of such financial statements of any Default (which certificate may be limited to the extent required by accounting rules or guidelines), and (ii) a certificate of a Financial Officer of the Borrower (w) identifying any parcels of real property or improvements thereto with a fair market value exceeding $2,000,000 to the extent not previously identified to the Administrative Agent as such in the Perfection Certificate or pursuant to a certificate delivered pursuant to this clause (e)(ii), (x) identifying any changes of the type described in Section 5.03(a) that have not been previously reported by the Borrower, (y) identifying any Intellectual Property (as defined in the Guarantee and Collateral Agreement) with respect to which a notice is required to be delivered under the Guarantee and Collateral
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Agreement and has not been previously delivered, and (z) identifying any Prepayment Events that have occurred since the end of the previous fiscal year and setting forth a reasonably detailed calculation of the Net Proceeds received from Prepayment Events since the end of such previous fiscal year;
(f)no later than February 15 of each fiscal year of the Borrower (commencing with the fiscal year ending December 31, 2021), a detailed consolidated budget for such fiscal year (including a projected consolidated balance sheet and related statements of projected operations and cash flow as of the end of and for such fiscal year and setting forth the assumptions used for purposes of preparing such budget) and, promptly when available, any material revisions of such budget that have been approved by senior management of the Borrower;
(g)promptly after the same become publicly available, copies of all reports or communications sent to the stockholders of the Borrower and periodic and other reports, proxy statements and other materials filed by the Borrower or any Subsidiary with the Commission or with any national securities exchange, as the case may be (it being understood that the obligation to furnish the foregoing to the Administrative Agent and the Lenders shall be deemed to be satisfied to the extent the foregoing are filed with the Commission);
(h)promptly upon the Borrower’s receipt thereof, (A) copies of all material compliance reports filed and material correspondence regarding any active or pending investigation or enforcement action concerning the Borrower or any Subsidiary with any state, federal, local or foreign regulatory agency or other Governmental Authority and (B) all material correspondence, if any, alleging violation of or requesting compliance by the Borrower or any Subsidiary with laws, regulations, or any other Applicable Laws (including Environmental Laws), or material requests for information pursuant to interstate commerce laws, antitrust laws, securities laws, worker safety laws (OSHA), or any other Applicable Laws (including Environmental Laws);
(i)promptly after the sending or receiving thereof, (x) copies of any proposed waiver, consent, or amendment concerning any of the ABL Loan Documents or the Convertible Notes and (y) copies of any notices of default, notice of cash dominion, reservation of rights or similar communications concerning any of the ABL Loan Documents or the Convertible Notes;
(j)promptly upon the effectiveness thereof, (A) a description of each license from a Governmental Authority which becomes effective after the Closing Date and is material to the conduct of the business of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, and (B) a description of each material contract or agreement to which the Borrower or any Subsidiary Loan Party is a party, including each Specified Vendor Receivables Financing Document (other than contracts and agreements disclosed to the Administrative Agent pursuant to Section 5.01(g), agreements described on Schedule 3.20 or Schedule 6.01, and without duplication of real property leases identified on Schedule 2.03 to the Perfection Certificate most recently delivered to the Administrative Agent and licenses identified on Schedule 4.04 to the Perfection Certificate most recently delivered to the Administrative Agent);
(k)upon the request of the Administrative Agent, within 10 days after the delivery of the financial statements required pursuant to Section 5.01(b) or (c), a telephonic meeting with the Administrative Agent and Lenders, in each case, at such time and place as may be mutually agreed to by the Borrower and the Required Lenders; and
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(l)promptly following any request therefor, such other information regarding the operations, business affairs and financial condition of the Borrower or any Subsidiary, or compliance with the terms of any Loan Document, as the Administrative Agent or any Lender may reasonably request.
The Borrower represents and warrants that it and any of its Subsidiaries either (i) has no registered or publicly traded securities outstanding or (ii) files its financial statements with the Commission and/or makes its financial statements available to potential holders of its 144A securities, and, accordingly, the Borrower hereby (x) authorizes the Administrative Agent to make the financial statements to be provided under Section 5.01(a) and (b) above, along with the Loan Documents, available to all Lenders and (y) agrees that at the time such financial statements are provided hereunder, they shall already have been made available to holders of its securities.  The Borrower will not request that any other material be posted to all Lenders without expressly representing and warranting to the Administrative Agent in writing that (A) such materials do not constitute material non-public information within the meaning of the federal securities laws (“MNPI”) or (B) (i) the Borrower and its Subsidiaries have no outstanding publicly traded securities, including 144A securities, and (ii) if at any time the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries issues publicly traded securities, including 144A securities, then the Borrower will, upon the issuance of such securities, make such materials that do constitute MNPI at the time of issuance of such securities publicly available by press release or public filing with the Commission.
SECTION 5.02        Notices of Material Events. The Borrower will furnish to the Administrative Agent and each Lender prompt written notice of the following:the occurrence of any Default or Event of Default;
(b)the filing or commencement of any action, suit or proceeding by or before any arbitrator or Governmental Authority against or affecting the Borrower or any Subsidiary thereof that, if adversely determined, could reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect;
(c)the occurrence of any ERISA Event or any material increase in the rate of contributions required to be paid by law to an occupational pension scheme which is not a money purchase scheme (both terms as defined in the Pensions Schemes Act 1993 of the United Kingdom) or other funding or similar event in respect of a defined benefit or final salary pension scheme established outside the United States or the United Kingdom (or any state, commonwealth or political sub-division thereof) that, alone or together with any other ERISA Events that have occurred, could reasonably be expected to result in liability of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries in an aggregate amount exceeding $5,000,000;
(d)any pending or threatened labor dispute, strike or walkout, or the expiration of any material labor contract;
(e)any default under or termination of a Material Agreement;
(f)[reserved];
(g)the assertion of any Intellectual Property Claim, if an adverse resolution could have a Material Adverse Effect;
(h)any violation or asserted violation of any Applicable Law (including ERISA, OSHA, FLSA, or any Environmental Laws), if an adverse resolution could have a Material Adverse Effect;
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(i)(i) any actual or threatened Release by Borrower or any Subsidiary or with respect to any property or facility owned, leased or occupied by Borrower or any Subsidiary; (ii) receipt of any Environmental Notice; (iii) obtaining knowledge of the existence of any condition that could reasonably be expected to result in violation of any Environmental Law or Environmental Liability, or (iv) the filing of any Lien to secure any Environmental Liabilities of any Loan Party in each case of clause (i), (ii), (iii) or (iv) where the expected remedial costs or liability is reasonably expected to exceed $2,500,000;
(j)the discharge of or any withdrawal or resignation by the Borrower’s independent accountants;
(k)not later than two Business Days after the occurrence thereof, the occurrence of any default, event of default or cash dominion event under the ABL Credit Agreement or Convertible Notes; and
(l)any other development that results in, or could reasonably be expected to result in, a Material Adverse Effect.
Each notice delivered under this Section shall be accompanied by a statement of a Financial Officer or other executive officer of the Borrower setting forth the details of the event or development requiring such notice and any action taken or proposed to be taken with respect thereto.
SECTION 5.03        Information Regarding Collateral.
(a)The Borrower will furnish to the Administrative Agent prompt (but in any event within no more than fifteen (15) Business Days following such occurrence) written notice of any change (i) in any Loan Party’s legal name, (ii) in the location of any Loan Party’s chief executive office or (iii) in any Loan Party’s jurisdiction of organization. The Borrower agrees not to effect or permit any change referred to in the preceding sentence unless written notice has been delivered to the Collateral Agent, together with all applicable information, to enable the Administrative Agent to make all filings under the Uniform Commercial Code, PPSA or otherwise that are required in order for the Collateral Agent (on behalf of the Secured Parties) to continue at all times following such change to have a valid, legal and perfected security interest in all the Collateral.
(b)Each year, within 90 days after the end of each fiscal year of the Borrower, the Borrower (on behalf of itself and the other Loan Parties) shall deliver to the Administrative Agent a certificate of a Financial Officer of the Borrower (i) setting forth the information required pursuant to the Perfection Certificate or confirming that there has been no change in such information since the date of the Perfection Certificate delivered on the Closing Date or the date of the most recent certificate delivered pursuant to this Section and (ii) certifying that all Uniform Commercial Code financing statements (including fixture filings, as applicable), PPSA financing statements or other appropriate filings, recordings or registrations, including all refilings, rerecordings and reregistrations, containing a description of the Collateral have been filed of record in each governmental, municipal or other appropriate office in each jurisdiction identified pursuant to clause (i) above to the extent necessary to protect and perfect the security interests under the Security Documents for a period of not less than 18 months after the date of such certificate (except as noted therein with respect to any continuation statements to be filed within such period).
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SECTION 5.04        Existence; Conduct of Business. The Borrower will, and will cause each of the Subsidiaries to, do or cause to be done all things necessary to preserve, renew and keep in full force and effect its legal existence and the rights, licenses, permits, privileges, franchises, patents, copyrights, trademarks and trade names the loss of which would have a Material Adverse Effect; provided that the foregoing shall not prohibit any merger, consolidation, liquidation or dissolution permitted under Section 6.03 or disposition permitted under Section 6.05.
SECTION 5.05        Payment of Obligations. The Borrower will, and will cause each of the Subsidiaries to, pay its Indebtedness and other obligations, including Tax liabilities, before the same shall become delinquent or in default, except (a) those being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings and for which the Borrower has set aside on its books adequate reserves with respect thereto in accordance with GAAP, or (b) to the extent the failure to make payment could not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.
SECTION 5.06        Maintenance of Properties. The Borrower will, and will cause each of the Subsidiaries to, keep and maintain all property material to the conduct of their business, taken as a whole, in good working order and condition, ordinary wear and tear excepted; provided that the foregoing shall not prohibit any merger, consolidation, liquidation or dissolution permitted under Section 6.03 or disposition permitted under Section 6.05.
SECTION 5.07        Insurance. The Borrower will, and will cause each of the Subsidiaries to, maintain insurance in such amounts (with no greater risk retention) and against such risks as are customarily maintained by companies of established repute engaged in the same or similar businesses operating in the same or similar locations. Such insurance shall be maintained with financially sound and reputable insurance companies. In addition, the Borrower will, and will cause each of its Subsidiaries to, maintain all insurance required to be maintained pursuant to the Security Documents. With respect to each Mortgaged Property that is located in an area determined by the Federal Emergency Management Agency to have special flood hazards, the applicable Loan Party will maintain, with financially sound and reputable insurance companies, such flood insurance as is required under Applicable Law, including Regulation H of the Board of Governors. The Borrower will furnish to the Lenders, upon request of the Administrative Agent, information in reasonable detail as to the insurance so maintained. All insurance policies or certificates (or certified copies thereof) with respect to such insurance shall be endorsed to the Collateral Agent’s reasonable satisfaction for the benefit of the Lenders (including by (i) naming the Collateral Agent as lender loss payee or additional insured, as appropriate, and (ii) providing for 30 days’ notice of cancellation (or 10 days for non-payment) to the Collateral Agent).
SECTION 5.08        Casualty and Condemnation. The Borrower (a) will furnish to the Administrative Agent and the Lenders prompt written notice of casualty or other insured damage to any material portion of any Collateral having a book value or fair market value of $1,000,000 or more or the commencement of any action or proceeding for the taking of any Collateral having a book value or fair market value of $1,000,000 or more or any part thereof or interest therein under power of eminent domain or by condemnation or similar proceeding and (b) will ensure that the Net Proceeds of any such event (whether in the form of insurance proceeds, condemnation awards or otherwise) are collected and applied in accordance with the applicable provisions of this Agreement and the Security Documents.
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SECTION 5.09        Books and Records; Cooperation; Inspection and Audit Rights.
(a)The Borrower will, and will cause each of the Subsidiaries to, keep proper books of record and account in which full, true and correct entries are made of all dealings and transactions in relation to its business and activities.
(b)The Borrower will, and will cause each of the Subsidiaries to, permit any representatives designated by the Administrative Agent or any Lender, from time to time upon reasonable (and in any event at least one (1) Business Day’s) prior notice, at the sole expense of the Borrower, to visit and inspect its properties, to verify materials, leases, notes, accounts receivable, deposit accounts and its other assets, to examine and make extracts from its books and records, to conduct audits or examinations and to discuss its affairs, finances and condition with its officers and independent accountants, all at such reasonable times and as often as reasonably requested. In furtherance of the foregoing, each Loan Party hereby authorizes its independent accountants, and the independent accountants of each of its Subsidiaries, to discuss the affairs, finances and accounts of such Person with the Administrative Agent and the Lenders. Notwithstanding the foregoing, no Loan Party or Subsidiary shall be required to disclose or permit the inspection of any document, information or other matter (i) that constitutes non-financial trade secrets or non-financial proprietary information, (ii) in respect of which disclosure to the Administrative Agent, the Lenders or their representatives is prohibited by Applicable Law or any binding agreement entered into prior to and not in contemplation of such request for disclosure or (iii) that is the subject of attorney-client privilege or similar privilege or that constitutes attorney work product.
SECTION 5.10        Compliance with Laws.
(a)The Borrower will, and will cause each of the Subsidiaries to, comply with all laws (including Environmental Laws), rules, regulations and orders of any Governmental Authority applicable to it or its property, except where the failure to do so, individually or in the aggregate, could not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect. The Borrower will maintain in effect and enforce policies and procedures designed to ensure compliance by the Borrower, its Subsidiaries and their respective directors, officers, employees and agents with Anti-Corruption Laws and applicable Sanctions.The covenants given in paragraph (a) above shall only be made or deemed to be made by and apply to the Borrower, its Subsidiaries and their respective directors, officers, employees and agents to the extent that the giving of and complying with or receiving of such representations and warranties do not result in a violation of or conflict with or do not expose the Borrower, its Subsidiaries and their respective directors, officers, employees and agents to any liability under section 7 of the German Foreign Trade Regulation (Außenwirtschaftsverordnung, “AWV”) (in conjunction with sections 4, 19 paragraph 3 no. 1a of the German Foreign Trade Act (Außenwirtschaftsgesetz) and section 81 paragraph 1 no. 1 AWV), any provision of Council Regulation (EC) 2271/96 and Commission Delegated Regulation (EC) No 2018/1100, any provision of The Protecting Against the effects of the Extraterritorial Application of Third Country Legislation (Amendment) (EU Exit) Regulations 2019 of the United Kingdom and/or any similar anti-boycott laws or regulations.
SECTION 5.11        Use of Proceeds.The Borrower will use the proceeds of the Initial Term Loans on the Closing Date solely (i) to consummate the Transactions, (ii) to pay the fees and expenses in connection with the Transactions and (iii) for general corporate purposes. The Borrower will use the proceeds of the Delayed Draw Term Loans solely for any Permitted Delayed Draw Term Loan Usage. No part of the proceeds of any Loan will be used, whether directly or indirectly, for any purpose that entails a violation of any of the Regulations of the Board, including Regulation T, Regulation U and Regulation X.
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SECTION 5.12        Additional Subsidiaries. If any additional Subsidiary is formed or acquired after the Closing Date (or becomes a Subsidiary Loan Party), the Borrower will, within five Business Days after such Subsidiary is formed or acquired (or becomes a Subsidiary Loan Party), notify the Administrative Agent and the Lenders thereof and, within 30 days (or such longer period as may be agreed to by the Administrative Agent) after such Subsidiary is formed or acquired (or becomes a Subsidiary Loan Party), cause the Collateral and Guarantee Requirement to be satisfied with respect to such Subsidiary (if applicable), including with respect to any Equity Interest in or Indebtedness of such Subsidiary owned by or on behalf of any Loan Party.
SECTION 5.13        Further Assurances. The Borrower will, and will cause each Subsidiary Loan Party to, execute any and all further documents, financing statements, agreements and instruments, and take all such further actions (including the filing and recording of financing statements, fixture filings, mortgages, deeds of trust, landlord waivers and other documents), which may be required under any Applicable Law, or which the Administrative Agent or the Required Lenders may reasonably request, to cause the Collateral and Guarantee Requirement to be and remain satisfied, all at the expense of the Loan Parties. The Borrower also agrees to provide to the Administrative Agent, from time to time upon request, evidence reasonably satisfactory to the Administrative Agent as to the perfection and priority of the Liens created or intended to be created by the Security Documents.
(b)If any assets (including any real property or improvements thereto or any interest therein) having a book value or fair market value of $1,000,000 or more in the aggregate are acquired by the Borrower or any Subsidiary Loan Party after the Closing Date or through the acquisition of a Subsidiary Loan Party under Section 5.12 or through the conversion of a Subsidiary into a Subsidiary Loan Party under Section 5.12 (other than, in each case, assets constituting Collateral under the Guarantee and Collateral Agreement that become subject to the Lien of the Guarantee and Collateral Agreement upon acquisition thereof), the Borrower or, if applicable, the relevant Subsidiary Loan Party will notify the Administrative Agent and the Lenders thereof, and, if reasonably requested by the Administrative Agent or the Required Lenders, the Borrower will cause such assets to be subjected to a Lien securing the Obligations and will take, and cause the Subsidiary Loan Parties to take, such actions as shall be necessary or reasonably requested by the Administrative Agent to grant and perfect such Liens, including actions described in paragraph (a) of this Section, all at the expense of the Loan Parties.
(c)The Borrower will, and will cause each Subsidiary Loan Party to, deposit the proceeds of any Term Priority Collateral in a Term Collateral Proceeds Account at any time (i) immediately and with no further action or notice required by any Person after the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default under clauses (a), (h) or (i) of Article VII and (ii) after the occurrence and during the continuance of any other Event of Default after the Administrative Agent provides written notice to the Borrower to so deposit such proceeds.
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SECTION 5.14        Environmental Matters. Except, in each case, where the failure to do so could not reasonably be expected to have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect, the Borrower will, and will cause its Subsidiaries to: (a) comply with all applicable Environmental Laws; (b) obtain and renew all necessary permits, registrations, approvals, certificates, licenses and other authorizations required under Environmental Laws for its operations and owned, leased or operated properties and remain in compliance therewith; and (c) conduct any investigation, remediation or other response action necessary to address any Release or threatened Release of Hazardous Materials at any of its owned, leased or operated properties, to the extent required by, and in accordance with, applicable Environmental Laws or any binding request of a Governmental Authority. With respect to any event described in (a)-(c) above or if an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, Administrative Agent and its representatives shall have the right, but not the obligation or duty, upon reasonable notice to enter the applicable real property at reasonable times for the purposes of observing the applicable real property. Such access shall include, at the reasonable request of Administrative Agent, access to relevant documents and employees of Borrower and/or each relevant Subsidiary, to the extent necessary to obtain non-privileged material information related to the event at issue. If an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, Borrower and/or each relevant Subsidiary shall conduct such tests and investigations on the affected real properties or relevant portion thereof, as reasonably requested in writing by Administrative Agent, including the preparation of a Phase I report or such other sampling or analysis as reasonably determined to be necessary under the circumstances by a qualified environmental consultant. If an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, and if Borrower and/or the relevant Subsidiary does not undertake such tests and investigations in a reasonably timely manner following the written request of Administrative Agent, Administrative Agent may hire an independent environmental consultant, at the Loan Parties’ expense, to conduct such tests and investigations.
SECTION 5.15        Post-Closing Obligations. The Borrower shall execute and deliver the documents and complete the tasks set forth on Schedule 5.15, in each case within the time limits specified therein (or such longer period as agreed by the Administrative Agent in its sole discretion).
SECTION 5.16        Centre of Main Interests and Establishments. For the purposes of the Regulation, each Foreign Subsidiary incorporated or organized in the United Kingdom or any member state of the European Union shall maintain its centre of main interest (as that term is used in Article 3(1) of the Regulation) in its jurisdiction of incorporation or organization and shall not have any “establishment” (as that term is used in Article 2(10) of the Regulation) in any other jurisdiction.
ARTICLE VI
Negative Covenants
Until the Commitments have expired or terminated and the principal of and interest on each Loan and all fees payable hereunder and all other Obligations have been paid in full, the Borrower covenants and agrees with the Lenders that:
SECTION 6.01        Indebtedness; Certain Equity Securities.
(a)The Borrower will not, nor will it permit any Subsidiary to, create, incur, assume or permit to exist any Indebtedness, except:
(i)Indebtedness created under the Loan Documents;
(ii)[reserved];
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(iii)(A) Indebtedness existing on the Closing Date and set forth on Schedule 6.01 and (B) any Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness with respect to such Indebtedness;
(iv)any Specified Vendor Receivables Financings in existence on the Closing Date and any Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness in respect thereof;
(v)Indebtedness of the Borrower to any Subsidiary and of any Subsidiary to the Borrower or any other Subsidiary; provided that Indebtedness of any Subsidiary that is not a Loan Party or any Subsidiary Loan Party for which the Collateral and Guarantee Requirement has not been satisfied to the Borrower or any Subsidiary Loan Party shall be subject to Section 6.04;
(vi)Guarantees by the Borrower of Indebtedness of any Subsidiary and by any Subsidiary of Indebtedness of the Borrower or any other Subsidiary; provided that Guarantees by the Borrower or any Subsidiary Loan Party of Indebtedness of any Subsidiary that is not a Loan Party or any Subsidiary Loan Party for which the Collateral and Guarantee Requirement has not been satisfied shall be subject to Section 6.04;
(vii)Indebtedness arising pursuant to the Permitted Sale and Leaseback Transaction in an aggregate amount not to exceed $6,000,000 at any time outstanding;
(viii)Indebtedness of the Borrower or any Subsidiary incurred to finance the acquisition, construction or improvement of any fixed or capital assets, including Capital Lease Obligations and any Indebtedness assumed in connection with the acquisition of any such assets or secured by a Lien on any such assets prior to the acquisition thereof, and extensions, renewals and replacements of any such Indebtedness that do not increase the outstanding principal amount thereof or result in an earlier maturity date or decreased weighted average life thereof; provided that (A) such Indebtedness is incurred prior to or within 180 days after such acquisition or the completion of such construction or improvement and (B) the aggregate principal amount of Indebtedness permitted by this clause (viii) after the Closing Date shall not exceed $10,000,000 at any time outstanding;
(ix)Indebtedness arising in connection with any retention of title arrangements (verlängerter Eigentumsvorbehalt) made in the ordinary course of business;
(x)Indebtedness arising under a declaration of joint and several liability used for the purpose of section 2:403 of the Dutch Civil Code (and any residual liability under such declaration arising pursuant to section 2:404(2) of the Dutch Civil Code);
(xi)Indebtedness of the Borrower or any Subsidiary in respect of workers’ compensation claims, self-insurance obligations, performance bonds, surety appeal or similar bonds and completion guarantees provided by the Borrower and the Subsidiaries in the ordinary course of their business;
(xii)(A) Indebtedness arising pursuant to the ABN AMRO Factoring Agreement and any other financings incurred by Foreign Subsidiaries in respect of accounts receivable and/or inventory and/or other current assets in an aggregate amount not exceeding $25,000,000 at any time outstanding and guarantees in respect thereof, and (B) Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness in respect of the foregoing;
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(xiii)Indebtedness incurred by Foreign Subsidiaries that are not required to be Loan Parties in an aggregate amount not exceeding $5,000,000 at any time outstanding; provided that the Net Proceeds thereof are applied in accordance with Section 2.11(c);
(xiv)Indebtedness arising from the honoring by a bank or other financial institution of a check, draft or similar instrument inadvertently (except in the case of daylight overdrafts) drawn against insufficient funds in the ordinary course of business; provided, however, that such Indebtedness is extinguished within 10 days of incurrence;
(xv)Indebtedness arising in connection with endorsement of instruments for deposit in the ordinary course of business;
(xvi)Indebtedness incurred in connection with the financing of insurance premiums in an aggregate amount at any time outstanding not to exceed the premiums owed under such policy, if applicable;
(xvii)obligations to financial institutions, in each case to the extent in the ordinary course of business and on terms and conditions which are within the general parameters customary in the banking industry, entered into to obtain cash management services or deposit account overdraft protection services (in an amount similar to those offered for comparable services in the financial industry) or other services in connection with the management or opening of deposit accounts or incurred as a result of endorsement of negotiable instruments for deposit or collection purposes and other customary, obligations, including obligations under Bank Products (as defined in the ABL Credit Agreement as in effect on the date hereof) other than Hedging Agreements, of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries incurred in the ordinary course of business;
(xviii)[reserved];
(xix)payment obligations of or Guarantees by the Borrower or any Subsidiary Loan Party with respect to any Hedging Agreement permitted under Section 6.07 hereof; provided that if such Hedging Agreement is related to interest rates, (A) such Hedging Agreement shall relate to payment obligations on Indebtedness otherwise permitted to be incurred by the Loan Documents and (B) the notional amount of such Hedging Agreement shall not exceed the principal amount of the Indebtedness to which such Hedging Agreement relates;
(xx)Indebtedness of the Borrower or any Subsidiary Loan Party under the ABL Credit Agreement in an aggregate principal amount at any one time outstanding not to exceed $99,000,000, subject to Section 6.11, and any replacement or refinancing thereof; provided that (A) the Borrower will not, and will not permit any Subsidiary to, create, grant or permit to exist any Lien on the ABL Priority Collateral that is contractually subordinated (including pursuant to a last-out facility for Indebtedness for borrowed money) or junior in priority to the Liens on the ABL Priority Collateral securing any of the “Loans” or any other “Obligations” (each as defined in the ABL Credit Agreement), unless such Lien on the ABL Priority Collateral is also contractually subordinated or junior in priority, in the same manner and to the same extent, to the Liens on ABL Priority Collateral securing the Obligations; it being understood and agreed that this proviso shall not restrict any refinancing or replacement of the ABL Credit
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Agreement being secured by a first priority lien on ABL Priority Collateral and (B) any original issue discount, upfront, closing, arrangement, commitment, agency, underwriting, or similar fees, in all cases in connection with the closing of the initial commitment or initial syndication of any replacement or refinancing of the ABL Credit Agreement shall be customary fees consistent with fees charged in asset-based revolving loans having advance rates similar to the advance rates under the ABL Loan Documents as in effect on the date hereof;
(xxi)Indebtedness of the Borrower in an amount not to exceed $15,000,000 at any time outstanding; provided that (a) such Indebtedness shall not mature prior to the date that is 91 days after the Maturity Date in effect at the time of the issuance of such Indebtedness, shall not have any principal payments due prior to such date, except upon the occurrence of a change of control or similar event (including asset sales), in each case so long as the provisions relating to change of control or similar events (including asset sales) included in the governing instrument of such Indebtedness provide that the provisions of this Agreement must be satisfied prior to the satisfaction of such provisions of such Indebtedness, and all interest payments thereunder shall be made in kind and shall not be made in cash, (b) such Indebtedness is not Guaranteed by any Subsidiary of the Borrower other than the Loan Parties (which Guarantees shall be permitted only to the extent permitted by Section 6.01(a)(vi)), (c) such Indebtedness shall not have any financial maintenance covenants, (d) such Indebtedness shall not have a definition of “Change of Control” or “Change in Control” (or any other defined term having a similar purpose) that is materially more restrictive than the definition of Change in Control set forth herein and (e) such Indebtedness is subordinated to the Obligations on terms reasonably acceptable to the Required Lenders;
(xxii)Indebtedness of the Borrower in an amount not to exceed $15,000,000 at any time outstanding; provided that (a) such Indebtedness shall not mature prior to the date that is 91 days after the Maturity Date in effect at the time of the issuance of such Indebtedness and shall not have any principal payments due prior to such date, except upon the occurrence of a change of control or similar event (including asset sales), in each case so long as the provisions relating to change of control or similar events (including asset sales) included in the governing instrument of such Indebtedness provide that the provisions of this Agreement must be satisfied prior to the satisfaction of such provisions of such Indebtedness, (b) such Indebtedness is not Guaranteed by any Subsidiary of the Borrower other than the Loan Parties (which Guarantees shall be permitted only to the extent permitted by Section 6.01(a)(vi)), (c) such Indebtedness shall not have any financial maintenance covenants, (d) such Indebtedness shall not have a definition of “Change of Control” or “Change in Control” (or any other defined term having a similar purpose) that is materially more restrictive than the definition of Change in Control set forth herein, and (e) such Indebtedness is subordinated to the Obligations on terms reasonably acceptable to the Required Lenders;
(xxiii)Indebtedness of the Borrower under the Convertible Notes outstanding on the Closing Date after giving effect to the Transactions; and
(xxiv)the PPP Loan.
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(b)The Borrower will not, nor will it permit any Subsidiary to, issue Disqualified Stock.
SECTION 6.02 Liens The Borrower will not, nor will it permit any Subsidiary to, create, incur, assume or permit to exist any Lien on any property or asset now owned or hereafter acquired by it, or assign or sell any income or revenues (including accounts receivable) or rights in respect of any thereof, except:Liens created under the Loan Documents;
(b)Permitted Encumbrances;
(c)Liens in respect of Specified Vendor Receivables Financings permitted under Section 6.01(a)(iv);
(d)any Lien on any property or asset of the Borrower or any Subsidiary existing on the Closing Date and set forth on Schedule 6.02; provided that (i) such Lien shall not apply to any other property or asset of the Borrower or any Subsidiary and (ii) such Lien shall secure only those obligations which it secures on the date hereof and extensions, renewals and replacements thereof that do not increase the outstanding principal amount thereof;
(e)Liens securing Indebtedness permitted by Section 6.01(a)(ix);
(f)Liens on fixed or capital assets acquired, constructed or improved by, or in respect of Capital Lease Obligations of, the Borrower or any Subsidiary; provided that (i) such security interests secure Indebtedness permitted by clause (viii) of Section 6.01(a), (ii) such security interests and the Indebtedness secured thereby are incurred prior to or within 180 days after such acquisition or the completion of such construction or improvement, (iii) the Indebtedness secured thereby does not exceed the cost of acquiring, constructing or improving such fixed or capital assets and (iv) such security interests shall not apply to any other property or assets of the Borrower or any Subsidiary;
(g)[reserved];
(h)Liens in respect of sales or other financings of accounts receivable or inventory by Foreign Subsidiaries to the extent the Indebtedness is permitted by Section 6.01(a)(xii);
(i)other Liens securing liabilities not in excess of $5,000,000;
(j)Liens in respect of Indebtedness permitted by Section 6.01(a)(xiii), provided that the assets subject to such Liens are not located in the United States;
(k)Liens, rights of setoff and other similar Liens existing solely with respect to cash and Permitted Investments on deposit in one or more accounts maintained by any Lender, in each case granted in the ordinary course of business in favor of such Lender with which such accounts are maintained, securing amounts owing to such Lender with respect to cash management and operating account arrangements, including those involving pooled accounts and netting arrangements; provided that, unless such Liens are non-consensual and arise by operation of law, in no case shall any such Liens secure (either directly or indirectly) the repayment of any Indebtedness for borrowed money;
(l)licenses or sublicenses of Intellectual Property (as defined in the Guarantee and Collateral Agreement) granted by any Loan Party in the ordinary course of business, not securing
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any Indebtedness, and not interfering in any material respect with the ordinary conduct of business of the Borrower;
(m)the filing of UCC financing statements solely as a precautionary measure in connection with operating leases or consignment of goods;
(n)Liens on Collateral securing Indebtedness permitted under Section 6.01(a)(xxii) so long as such Liens rank junior in priority to the Liens securing the Obligations subject to intercreditor arrangements reasonably satisfactory to the Administrative Agent;
(o)Liens deemed to exist in connection with investments permitted under Section 6.04 that constitute repurchase obligations and in connection with related set-off rights;
(p)Liens of a collection bank arising in the ordinary course of business under Section 4-210 of the Uniform Commercial Code in effect in the relevant jurisdiction covering only the items being collected upon;
(q)Liens of sellers of goods to the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries arising under Article 2 of the Uniform Commercial Code in effect in the relevant jurisdiction in the ordinary course of business, covering only the goods sold and covering only the unpaid purchase price for such goods and related expenses; and
(r)Liens under the ABL Security Documents (as defined in the ABL/Term Loan Intercreditor Agreement) that are subject to the ABL/Term Loan Intercreditor Agreement.
SECTION 6.03     Fundamental Changes.
(a)The Borrower will not, nor will it permit any other Person, including any Subsidiary, to merge or amalgamate into or consolidate with any of them, or liquidate or dissolve, except that, if at the time thereof and immediately after giving effect thereto no Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing (i) any Subsidiary may merge or amalgamate into the Borrower in a transaction in which the Borrower is the surviving corporation, (ii) any Subsidiary may merge or amalgamate into any Subsidiary in a transaction in which the surviving entity is a Subsidiary and (if any party to such merger or amalgamation is a Subsidiary Loan Party) is a Subsidiary Loan Party for which the Collateral and Guarantee Requirement has been satisfied, (iii) any Subsidiary (other than a Subsidiary Loan Party) may liquidate or dissolve if the Borrower determines in good faith that such liquidation or dissolution is in the best interests of the Borrower and is not materially disadvantageous to the Lenders, and (iv) notwithstanding the foregoing, any Subsidiary listed on Schedule 6.03 may liquidate or dissolve or amalgamate or be merged with or into its parent; provided that any such merger or amalgamation involving a Person that is not a wholly owned Subsidiary immediately prior to such merger or amalgamation shall not be permitted unless also permitted by Section 6.04.
(b)The Borrower will not, and will not permit any of its Subsidiaries to, engage to any material extent in any business other than businesses of the type conducted by the Borrower and its Subsidiaries on the date of execution of this Agreement and businesses reasonably related thereto.
SECTION 6.04    Investments, Loans, Advances, Guarantees and Acquisitions. The Borrower will not, nor will it permit any Subsidiary to, purchase, hold or acquire (including pursuant to any merger or amalgamation with any Person that was not a wholly owned Subsidiary prior to such merger or
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amalgamation) any Equity Interests in or evidences of indebtedness or other securities (including any option, warrant or other right to acquire any of the foregoing) of, make or permit to exist any loans or advances to, Guarantee any obligations of, or make or permit to exist any investment or any other interest in, any other Person, or purchase or otherwise acquire (in one transaction or a series of transactions) any assets of any other Person constituting a business unit (each, an “Investment”), except:Permitted Investments;
(b)investments existing on the Closing Date and set forth on Schedule 6.04;
(c)[reserved];
(d)investments by the Borrower and the Subsidiaries in their respective Subsidiaries that exist immediately prior to any applicable transaction; provided that (i) any such Equity Interests held by a Loan Party shall be pledged pursuant to the Guarantee and Collateral Agreement to the extent required by this Agreement and (ii) no Loan Parties shall make investments in or loans or advances to Subsidiaries that are not Loan Parties in an amount at any time outstanding in excess of $5,000,000;
(e)loans or advances made by the Borrower to any Subsidiary and made by any Subsidiary to the Borrower or any other Subsidiary; provided that (i) any such loans and advances made by a Loan Party shall be evidenced by a promissory note pledged pursuant to the Guarantee and Collateral Agreement and (ii) the amount of such loans and advances made by Loan Parties to Subsidiaries that are not Loan Parties shall be subject to the limitation set forth in clause (d) above;
(f)[reserved];
(g)Guarantees by the Borrower and/or any of its Subsidiaries of the Indebtedness described in Section 6.01(a)(xii);
(h)investments received in connection with the bankruptcy or reorganization of, or settlement of delinquent accounts and disputes with, customers and suppliers, in each case in the ordinary course of business;
(i)any investments in or loans to any other Person received as noncash consideration for sales, transfers, leases and other dispositions permitted by Section 6.05;
(j)Guarantees by the Borrower and the Subsidiaries of leases entered into by any Subsidiary as lessee; provided that the amount of such Guarantees made by Loan Parties to Subsidiaries that are not Loan Parties shall be subject to the limitation set forth in clause (d) above;
(k)extensions of credit in the nature of accounts receivable or notes receivable in the ordinary course of business;
(l)loans or advances to employees made in the ordinary course of business consistent with prudent business practice and not exceeding $50,000 in the aggregate outstanding at any one time;
(m)investments in the form of Hedging Agreements permitted under Section 6.07;
(n)[reserved];
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(o)payroll, travel and similar advances to cover matters that are expected at the time of such advances ultimately to be treated as expenses for accounting purposes and that are made in the ordinary course of business;
(p)investments of the Foreign Business in any joint venture formed pursuant to Section 6.12; and
(q)investments, loans or advances in addition to those permitted by the other clauses of this Section 6.04 not exceeding in the aggregate $1,000,000 at any time outstanding, provided that no Default exists at the time that such investment, loan or advance is made or is caused thereby;
provided, however, that notwithstanding anything to the contrary set forth herein in no event shall Borrower or any Subsidiary make an Investment of Intellectual Property that could reasonably be deemed to be material to the business of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries to any Subsidiary that has not complied with the Collateral and Guarantee Requirements.
SECTION 6.05     Asset Sales. The Borrower will not, nor will it permit any Subsidiary to, sell, transfer, lease or otherwise dispose of any asset, including any Equity Interest owned by it, nor will it permit any Subsidiary to issue any additional Equity Interest in such Subsidiary, except:sales, transfers, leases and other dispositions of inventory, used or surplus equipment or other obsolete assets, Permitted Investments and investments referred to in Section 6.04(h) in the ordinary course of business;
(b)sales, transfers and dispositions (i) to the Borrower or another Loan Party that has complied with the Collateral and Guarantee Requirement, (ii) by a Loan Party to a Subsidiary that is not a Loan Party in the ordinary course of business provided that the book value and the fair market value (whichever is higher) of all property that is subject to such sales, transfers or dispositions to a Subsidiary that is not a Loan Party shall not exceed $5,000,000 in the aggregate and (iii) by a Subsidiary that is not a Loan Party to another Subsidiary that is not a Loan Party;
(c)sales of accounts receivable and inventory and related assets by a Foreign Subsidiary pursuant to customary terms to the extent permitted by Section 6.01(a)(xii);
(d)the creation of Liens permitted by Section 6.02 and dispositions as a result thereof;
(e)sales of accounts receivable and related assets pursuant to the Specified Vendor Receivables Financings permitted under Section 6.01(a)(iv);
(f)(i) non-exclusive licensing and cross-licensing arrangements involving any technology or Intellectual Property rights of the Borrower or any Subsidiary in the ordinary course of business, and (ii) sales, assignments, transfers, abandonments, cancellations or lapses of Intellectual Property rights which, in the reasonable good faith determination of the Borrower, are not material to the conduct of the business of the Borrower or its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, or are no longer economical to maintain in light of their respective use;
(g)Restricted Payments permitted by Section 6.08;
(h)transfers and dispositions constituting investments permitted under Section 6.04 or permitted under Section 6.03(a)(iv);
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(i)(i) any Foreign Business Disposition to a joint venture in accordance with Section 6.12 or (ii) any other Foreign Business Disposition; provided that, in the case of this clause (i)(ii), (w) no Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing, (x) all sales, transfers and other dispositions permitted by this clause (i)(ii) shall be made for fair market value, (y) all sales, transfers and other dispositions permitted by this clause (i)(ii) above shall be for 100% cash consideration, and (z) all Net Proceeds thereof shall be applied to prepay the Loans pursuant to Section 2.11(c);
(j)sales, transfers and other dispositions of assets that are not permitted by any other clause of this Section; provided that (i) no Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing, (ii) all sales, transfers and other dispositions permitted by this clause (j) shall be made for fair market value, (iii) all sales, transfers and other dispositions permitted by this clause (j) above shall be for 100% cash consideration, and (iv) all Net Proceeds thereof in excess of $5,000,000 in the aggregate for all such sales, transfers and other dispositions after the Closing Date shall be applied to prepay the Loans pursuant to Section 2.11(c); and
(k)the Permitted Sale and Leaseback Transaction.
provided that (x) all sales, transfers, leases and other dispositions permitted hereby (other than those permitted by clause (b) or (h) above) shall be made for fair value and (y) notwithstanding anything to the contrary set forth herein in no event shall Borrower or any Subsidiary make a sale, transfers leases or other disposition of Intellectual Property that could reasonably be deemed to be material to the business of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries to any Subsidiary that has not complied with the Collateral and Guarantee Requirements.
SECTION 6.06     Sale and Leaseback Transactions. The Borrower will not, nor will it permit any Subsidiary to, enter into any arrangement, directly or indirectly, whereby it shall sell or transfer any property, real or personal, used or useful in its business, whether now owned or hereinafter acquired, and thereafter rent or lease such property or other property that it intends to use for substantially the same purpose or purposes as the property sold or transferred, except with respect to the Permitted Sale and Leaseback Transaction.
SECTION 6.07     Hedging Agreements. The Borrower will not, nor will it permit any Subsidiary to, enter into any Hedging Agreement, other than (a) Hedging Agreements entered into in the ordinary course of business and which are not speculative in nature to hedge or mitigate risks to which the Borrower or any Subsidiary is exposed in the conduct of its business or the management of its assets or liabilities (including Hedging Agreements that effectively cap, collar or exchange interest rates (from fixed to floating rates, from one floating rate to another floating rate or otherwise)) (it being understood that the Borrower and its Foreign Subsidiaries may enter into Hedging Agreements consisting of cross-currency swaps related to intercompany loans between the Borrower and/or its Foreign Subsidiaries), (b) Permitted Bond Hedge Transactions and (c) Permitted Warrant Transactions.
SECTION 6.08 Restricted Payments; Certain Payments of Indebtedness.
(a)The Borrower will not, nor will it permit any Subsidiary to, declare or make, or agree to pay or make, directly or indirectly, any Restricted Payment, or incur any obligation (contingent or otherwise) to do so, except:
(i)the Borrower may declare and pay dividends with respect to its Equity Interests payable solely in additional common Equity Interests in the Borrower;
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(ii)Subsidiaries may declare and pay dividends ratably with respect to their capital stock;
(iii)the Borrower may pay the premium in respect of, and may otherwise perform its obligations under, any Permitted Bond Hedge Transaction;
(iv)the Borrower may repay Convertible Notes with cash or otherwise make payments or deliveries in shares of common stock and/or cash required by the terms of, and otherwise perform its obligations under, the Convertible Notes Indenture (including, without limitation, making payments of interest and principal thereon and/or making deliveries (in shares of common stock and/or cash) due upon conversion thereof); provided that if any such payments are made in cash using internally generated cash or Excess Availability (under and as defined in the ABL Credit Agreement), the Borrower shall repay any ABL Loans used to repay any Convertible Notes within 60 days of the date of repayment with the proceeds of a Delayed Draw Term Loan; and
(v)the Transactions on the Closing Date.
(b)The Borrower will not, nor will it permit any Subsidiary to, make or agree to pay or make, directly or indirectly, any payment or other distribution (whether in cash, securities or other property) of or in respect of principal of or interest on any Indebtedness, or any payment or other distribution (whether in cash, securities or other property), including any sinking fund or similar deposit, on account of the purchase, redemption, retirement, acquisition, cancellation or termination of any Indebtedness, except:
(i)payment of Indebtedness created under the Loan Documents;
(ii)payment of regularly scheduled interest and principal payments as and when due in respect of any Indebtedness, other than payments in respect of subordinated Indebtedness or any other Indebtedness subject to an intercreditor agreement prohibited by the subordination provisions thereof or such intercreditor agreement;
(iii)refinancings of Indebtedness to the extent permitted by Section 6.01;
(iv)payment or satisfaction of intercompany Indebtedness in connection with the dissolutions, liquidations and/or mergers contemplated by Section 6.03(a)(iv);
(v)payment of or in respect of (A) Indebtedness created under the ABL Loan Documents and (B) Indebtedness or obligations secured by the ABL Security Documents;
(vi)the Borrower may issue common stock on account of the termination of the guarantees made by Cequent Industria e Comercio Ltda. in connection with the Quota Purchase and Sale Agreement, dated October 29, 2013;
(vii)any repayment, prepayment or forgiveness of the PPP Loan or any interest thereon; and
(viii)the Borrower may make payments or deliveries in shares of common stock and/or cash required by the terms of, and otherwise perform its obligations under,
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the Convertible Notes Indenture (including, without limitation, making payments of interest and principal thereon and/or making deliveries (in shares of common stock and/or cash) due upon conversion thereof).
(c)The Borrower will not, nor will it permit any Subsidiary to, enter into or be party to, or make any payment under, any Synthetic Purchase Agreement unless, in the case of any Synthetic Purchase Agreement related to any Equity Interests of the Borrower, the payments required to be made by the Borrower are limited to amounts permitted to be paid under Section 6.08(a).
SECTION 6.09     Transactions with Affiliates. The Borrower will not, nor will it permit any Subsidiary to, sell, lease or otherwise transfer any property or assets to, or purchase, lease or otherwise acquire any property or assets from, or otherwise engage in any other transactions with, any of its Affiliates, except:transactions that are at prices and on terms and conditions not less favorable to the Borrower or such Subsidiary than could be obtained on an arm’s-length basis from unrelated third parties; provided that (i) in the case of any single transaction or series of transactions with a volume in excess of $500,000, the board of directors of the Borrower shall have made a determination in good faith that such transaction or series of transactions, as applicable, is on prices and on terms and conditions not less favorable to the Borrower or such Subsidiary than could be obtained on an arm’s-length basis from unrelated third parties and (ii) in the case of any single transaction or series of transactions with a volume in excess of $1,000,000, the board of directors of the Borrower shall have engaged an independent financial advisor reasonably acceptable to the Required Lenders and such independent financial advisor shall have made a determination and delivered a customary fairness opinion stating that such transaction or series of transactions, as applicable, is on prices and on terms and conditions not less favorable to the Borrower or such Subsidiary than could be obtained on an arm’s-length basis from unrelated third parties;
(b)transactions between or among the Borrower and any other Loan Parties not involving any other Affiliate (to the extent not otherwise prohibited by other provisions of this Agreement);
(c)any Restricted Payment permitted by Section 6.08; and
(d)(i) transactions pursuant to agreements in effect on the Closing Date and listed on Schedule 6.09 (provided that this clause (d) shall not apply to any extension, or renewal of, or any amendment or modification of such agreements that is less favorable to the Borrower or the applicable Subsidiaries, as the case may be) and (ii) the Transactions.
SECTION 6.10     Restrictive Agreements. The Borrower will not, nor will it permit any Subsidiary to, directly or indirectly, enter into, incur or permit to exist any agreement or other arrangement that prohibits, restricts or imposes any condition upon (a) the ability of the Borrower or any Subsidiary to create, incur or permit to exist any Lien upon any of its property or assets, or (b) the ability of any Subsidiary to pay dividends or other distributions with respect to any shares of its capital stock or to make or repay loans or advances to the Borrower or any other Subsidiary or to Guarantee Indebtedness of the Borrower or any other Subsidiary; provided that (i) the foregoing shall not apply to restrictions and conditions imposed by law or by any Loan Document or any ABL Loan Document or, with respect to any Indebtedness permitted pursuant to clause (vii), (xii) or (xxii) of Section 6.01(a), that are customary, in the reasonable judgment of the board of directors and the Administrative Agent, for the market in which such Indebtedness is issued so long as such restrictions could not reasonably be expected to prevent, impede or impair (x) the creation of Liens and Guarantees in favor of the Lenders under the Loan Documents or (y) the satisfaction of the obligations of the Loan Parties under the Loan Documents, (ii) the
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foregoing shall not apply to restrictions and conditions existing on the Closing Date and identified on Schedule 6.10 (but shall apply to any extension or renewal of, or any amendment or modification expanding the scope of, any such restriction or condition), (iii) the foregoing shall not apply to customary restrictions and conditions contained in agreements relating to the sale of a Subsidiary pending such sale; provided, further, that such restrictions and conditions apply only to the Subsidiary that is to be sold and such sale is permitted hereunder and (iv) clause (a) of the foregoing shall not apply to (A) restrictions or conditions imposed by any agreement relating to secured Indebtedness permitted pursuant to this Agreement if such restrictions or conditions are customary and apply only to the property or assets securing such Indebtedness and (B) customary provisions in leases and other agreements restricting the assignment thereof.
SECTION 6.11 Amendment of Material Documents. The Borrower will not, nor will it permit any Subsidiary to, amend, restate, modify or waive any of its rights under (a) its certificate of incorporation, by-laws or other organizational documents, or (b) (i) any Material Agreement (other than any ABL Loan Documents) or other agreements (including joint venture agreements), in each case to the extent such amendment, restatement, modification or waiver is adverse to the Lenders in any material respect or (ii) any ABL Loan Document that (A) violates the ABL/Term Loan Intercreditor Agreement, (B) increases the fixed percentage advance rates by more than seven and one-half percent (7.5%) (but not, for the avoidance of doubt, the effective advance rate after giving effect to net orderly liquidation value in the case of inventory) under the borrowing base in excess of the fixed percentage advance rates under the ABL Loan Documents as in effect on the date hereof, (C) expands or adds to the obligations secured under any ABL Security Documents (other than any obligations constituting Indebtedness created under the ABL Credit Agreement), (D) adds any mandatory prepayment provisions (only to the extent resulting in a corresponding permanent commitment reduction) or changes any mandatory prepayment provisions in a manner that would increase the amount of any mandatory prepayment of the ABL Loans (only to the extent resulting in a corresponding permanent commitment reduction), (E) increases the “Applicable Margin” (as defined in the ABL Credit Agreement) or similar terms thereunder by more than 2.5% (other than as a result of accrual of interest at the default rate), (F) adds an additional covenant or event of default or makes any covenant or event of default in the ABL Loan Documents materially more restrictive or burdensome prior to the Maturity Date then in effect (unless this Agreement is amended to provide all of the Lenders with the benefits of such covenants or events of default), in each case under this clause (F), other than covenants and events of default solely relating to the Borrowing Base (as defined in the ABL Credit Agreement), the ABL Priority Collateral or similar matters relating primarily to the asset based revolving nature of the ABL Credit Agreement or in respect of any Offshore Facilities Refinancing (as defined in the ABL/Term Loan Intercreditor Agreement) or (G) changes or modifies Section 8.12 of the ABL Credit Agreement as it relates to the Loan Documents, clause (e) of the definition of “Permitted Indebtedness” (as defined in the ABL Credit Agreement) or other provisions that relate to the Term Loan Documents (as defined in the ABL Credit Agreement).
SECTION 6.12 Joint Venture. The Borrower will not form any joint venture with respect to the Foreign Business unless (a) any consideration paid to the Borrower in connection with a Foreign Business Disposition to such joint venture is non-cash, (b) any Investments made in connection therewith comply with Section 6.04, (c) the Total Net Leverage Ratio of such joint venture on a pro forma basis following any such Foreign Business Disposition calculated as of the most recently ended fiscal quarter for which financial statements were delivered (or were required to be delivered) pursuant to Section 5.01(a) or (b) does not exceed 3.50:1.00 and (d) the Total Net Leverage Ratio of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries organized under the laws of the United States, Canada and Mexico (or any state, territory or province thereof) on a pro forma basis following any such Foreign Business Disposition calculated as of the most recently ended fiscal quarter for which financial statements were delivered (or were required to be delivered) pursuant to Section 5.01(a) or (b) does not exceed 4.50:1.00.
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SECTION 6.13     Financial Covenants.
(a)The Borrower will not permit the Total Net Leverage Ratio as of the last day of any fiscal quarter, commencing with the fiscal quarter ending March 31, 2023, to exceed 6.50:1.00.
(b)The Borrower and its Subsidiaries will not make Capital Expenditures that exceed $27,500,000 in the aggregate during any fiscal year; provided, however, to the extent that the amount of Capital Expenditures made by the Borrower and its Subsidiaries in any fiscal year is less than the amount of Capital Expenditures permitted to be made pursuant to the foregoing (without giving effect to any additional amount available as a result of this proviso), (i) 50% of such difference may be carried forward and used to make Capital Expenditures in the immediately succeeding fiscal year (but not any subsequent fiscal year), and (ii) in such immediately succeeding fiscal year all Capital Expenditures should be applied first to the permissible amount of Capital Expenditures for such period and not the carried forward amount.
SECTION 6.14     Use of Proceeds. The Borrower will not request any Borrowing, and the Borrower shall not use, and shall procure that its Subsidiaries and its or their respective directors, officers, employees and agents shall not use, the proceeds of any Borrowing (A) in furtherance of an offer, payment, promise to pay, or authorization of the payment or giving of money, or anything else of value, to any Person in violation of any Anti-Corruption Laws, (B) for the purpose of funding, financing or facilitating any activities, business or transaction of or with any Sanctioned Person, or in any Sanctioned Country, to the extent such activities, businesses or transaction would be prohibited by Sanctions if conducted by a Person organized in the United States or in a European Union member state, or (C) in any manner that would result in the violation of any Sanctions applicable to any party hereto.
SECTION 6.15     Anti-Layering. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, (x) any Indebtedness that is subordinated in right of payment to any other Indebtedness of any Loan Party (including by being “last out” in any payment waterfall) shall be subordinated in right of payment to such Loan Party’s Obligations to the same extent and (y) except as set forth in the ABL/Term Loan Intercreditor Agreement, no Loan Party shall create, incur, assume or permit to exist secured Indebtedness that, by its express terms, is subordinated as to rights to receive, or subject to turnover of, payments or proceeds of collateral to any other secured Indebtedness of such Loan Party which shall be secured by the same collateral, unless such first secured Indebtedness is junior in right of payment and secured on a junior basis to the Obligations.
ARTICLE VII
Events of Default
If any of the following events (“Events of Default”) shall occur:
(a)the Borrower shall fail to pay any principal of any Loan when and as the same shall become due and payable, whether at the due date thereof or at a date fixed for prepayment thereof or otherwise;
(b)the Borrower shall fail to pay any interest on any Loan or any fee or any other amount (other than an amount referred to in clause (a) of this Article) payable under this Agreement or any other Loan Document, when and as the same shall become due and payable, and such failure shall continue unremedied for a period of five Business Days;
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(c)any representation or warranty made or deemed made by or on behalf of the Borrower or any Subsidiary in or in connection with any Loan Document or any amendment or modification thereof or waiver thereunder, or in any report, certificate, financial statement or other document furnished pursuant to or in connection with any Loan Document or any amendment or modification thereof or waiver thereunder, shall prove to have been incorrect in any material respect when made or deemed made;
(d)the Borrower shall fail to observe or perform any covenant, condition or agreement contained in Section 5.02, 5.04, 5.11, 5.14 or in Article VI;
(e)any Loan Party shall fail to observe or perform any covenant, condition or agreement contained in (x) Section 5.01 and such failure shall continue unremedied for a period of 10 days or (y) any Loan Document (other than those specified in clause (a), (b) or (d) of this Article or clause (x) of this clause (e)), and such failure shall continue unremedied for a period of 20 days;
(f)the Borrower or any Subsidiary shall fail to make any payment (whether of principal, interest or other payment obligations) in respect of any Material Indebtedness, when and as the same shall become due and payable after giving effect to any applicable grace period with respect thereto;
(g)any event or condition occurs (excluding a “Fundamental Change” as defined in the Convertible Notes Indenture) that results in any Material Indebtedness becoming due prior to its scheduled maturity or that enables or permits the holder or holders of any Material Indebtedness or any trustee or agent on its or their behalf to cause any Material Indebtedness to become due, or to require the prepayment, repurchase, redemption or defeasance thereof, prior to its scheduled maturity; provided that this clause (g) shall not apply to (i) secured Indebtedness that becomes due as a result of the voluntary sale or transfer of the property or assets securing such Indebtedness; and (ii) any Permitted Convertible Indebtedness to the extent such event or condition occurs as a result of (x) the satisfaction of a conversion contingency, (y) the exercise by a holder of Permitted Convertible Indebtedness of a conversion right resulting from the satisfaction of a conversion contingency or (z) a required repurchase under such Permitted Convertible Indebtedness;
(h)an involuntary proceeding shall be commenced or an involuntary petition shall be filed seeking (i) liquidation, reorganization, administration, winding up or other relief in respect of the Borrower or any Subsidiary or its debts, or of a substantial part of its assets, under any federal, state, provincial, territorial or foreign bankruptcy, insolvency, receivership or similar law now or hereafter in effect or (ii) the appointment of a receiver, interim receiver, receiver and manager, monitor, trustee, custodian, sequestrator, conservator, administrator, administrative receiver, liquidator or similar official for the Borrower or any Subsidiary or for a substantial part of its assets, and, in any such case, such proceeding or petition shall continue undismissed for 60 days or an order or decree approving or ordering any of the foregoing shall be entered;
(i)the Borrower or any Subsidiary shall (i) voluntarily commence any proceeding or file any petition seeking liquidation, reorganization, administration, winding up or other relief under any federal, state, provincial, territorial or foreign bankruptcy, insolvency, receivership or similar law now or hereafter in effect, (ii) consent to the institution of, or fail to contest in a timely and appropriate manner, any proceeding or petition described in clause (h) of this Article, (iii) apply for or consent to the appointment of a receiver, interim receiver, receiver and manager, monitor, trustee, custodian, sequestrator, conservator, administrator, administrative receiver,
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liquidator or similar official for the Borrower or any Subsidiary or for a substantial part of its assets, (iv) file an answer admitting the material allegations of a petition filed against it in any such proceeding, (v) make a general assignment for the benefit of creditors, (vi) have a moratorium declared pursuant to Part A1 of the Insolvency Act 1986 of the United Kingdom in respect of any of its indebtedness or enter into any scheme of arrangement in respect of any of its indebtedness pursuant to Part 26 of the Companies Act 2006 of the United Kingdom or (vii) take any action for the purpose of effecting any of the foregoing;
(j)the Borrower or any Subsidiary shall become unable, admit in writing its inability or fail generally to pay its debts as they become due;
(k)one or more judgments for the payment of money in an aggregate amount in excess of $5,000,000 shall be rendered against the Borrower, any Subsidiary or any combination thereof and the same shall remain undischarged for a period of 30 consecutive days during which execution shall not be effectively stayed, or any action shall be legally taken by a judgment creditor to attach or levy upon any assets of the Borrower or any Subsidiary to enforce any such judgment;
(l)an ERISA Event shall have occurred, the body corporate called the “Pensions Regulator” established under Part I of the Pensions Act 2004 of the United Kingdom (the “Pensions Regulator”) shall have issued to the Borrower or any Subsidiary a financial support direction under section 43 of the Pensions Act 2004 of the United Kingdom or a contribution notice under section 38 or section 47 of the Pensions Act 2004 of the United Kingdom or any substantially similar event shall have occurred in respect of any defined benefit or final salary pension scheme established outside the United States (or any state, commonwealth or political sub-division thereof) that, in each case, in the opinion of the Required Lenders, when taken together with all other ERISA Events that have occurred, could reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect;
(m)any Lien covering property having a book value or fair market value of $5,000,000 or more purported to be created under any Security Document shall cease to be, or shall be asserted in writing by any Loan Party not to be, a valid and perfected Lien on any Collateral, except (i) as a result of the sale or other disposition of the applicable Collateral in a transaction permitted under the Loan Documents or (ii) as a result of the Administrative Agent’s failure to maintain possession of any stock certificates, promissory notes or other instruments delivered to it under the Guarantee and Collateral Agreement;
(n)the Guarantee contained in Article II of the Guarantee and Collateral Agreement shall cease to be, or shall have been asserted in writing by a Loan Party not to be, in full force and effect;
(o)the Borrower or any Subsidiary shall challenge the subordination provisions of the Subordinated Debt or assert that such provisions are invalid or unenforceable or that the Obligations of the Borrower, or the Obligations of any Subsidiary under the Guarantee and Collateral Agreement, are not senior Indebtedness under the subordination provisions of the Subordinated Debt, or any court, tribunal or government authority of competent jurisdiction shall judge the subordination provisions of the Subordinated Debt to be invalid or unenforceable or such Obligations to be not senior Indebtedness under such subordination provisions or otherwise cease to be, or shall be asserted not to be, legal, valid and binding obligations of the parties thereto, enforceable in accordance with their terms;
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(p)a Change in Control shall occur;
(q)a Loan Party denies or contests the validity or enforceability of any Loan Documents (including the ABL/Term Loan Intercreditor Agreement) or Obligations, or any Loan Document (including the ABL/Term Loan Intercreditor Agreement) ceases to be in full force or effect for any reason (other than a waiver or release by the Administrative Agent and Lenders);
(r)a loss, theft, damage or destruction occurs with respect to any Collateral if the amount not covered by insurance exceeds $5,000,000; or
(s)any event occurs or condition exists that has a Material Adverse Effect;
then, and in every such event (other than an event with respect to the Borrower described in clause (h) or (i) of this Article), and at any time thereafter during the continuance of such event, the Administrative Agent may, and at the request of the Required Lenders shall, by notice to the Borrower, take either or both of the following actions, at the same or different times: (i) terminate the Commitments, and thereupon the Commitments shall terminate immediately, and (ii) declare the Loans then outstanding to be due and payable in whole (or in part, in which case any principal not so declared to be due and payable may thereafter be declared to be due and payable), and thereupon the principal of the Loans so declared to be due and payable, together with accrued interest thereon, premium (including the Prepayment Premium) and all fees, and including any fee payable pursuant to Section 2.11(b) that would be payable if the Loans had been repaid in full at such time, and other obligations of the Borrower, accrued hereunder, shall become due and payable immediately, without presentment, demand, protest or other notice of any kind, all of which are hereby waived by the Borrower; and in case of any event with respect to the Borrower described in clause (h) or (i) of this Article, the Commitments shall automatically terminate and the principal of the Loans then outstanding, together with accrued interest thereon and all fees and other obligations of the Borrower accrued hereunder, shall automatically become due and payable, without presentment, demand, protest or other notice of any kind, all of which are hereby waived by the Borrower.
Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, in the event the Loans are accelerated or otherwise become due, in each case, in respect of any Event of Default (including, but not limited to, upon the occurrence of an any event with respect to the Borrower described in clause (h) or (i) of this Article (including the acceleration of claims by operation of law)), the fee payable pursuant to Section 2.11(b) will also be due and payable as though the Loans were optionally prepaid at such time and shall constitute part of the Obligations, in view of the impracticability and extreme difficulty of ascertaining actual damages and by mutual agreement of the parties as to a reasonable calculation of each Lender’s lost profits as a result thereof. Any premium (including the Prepayment Premium) payable above shall be presumed to be the liquidated damages sustained by each Lender as the result of the prepayment and the Borrower agrees that it is reasonable under the circumstances currently existing. The premium (including the fee payable pursuant to Section 2.11(b)) shall also be payable in the event the Loans (and/or this Credit Agreement) are satisfied or released by foreclosure (whether by power of judicial proceeding), deed in lieu of foreclosure or by any other means. THE BORROWER EXPRESSLY WAIVES (TO THE FULLEST EXTENT IT MAY LAWFULLY DO SO) THE PROVISIONS OF ANY PRESENT OR FUTURE STATUTE OR LAW THAT PROHIBITS OR MAY PROHIBIT THE COLLECTION OF THE FOREGOING PREMIUM (INCLUDING THE PREPAYMENT PREMIUM) IN CONNECTION WITH ANY SUCH ACCELERATION. The Borrower expressly agrees (to the fullest extent it may lawfully do so) that: (A) the premium (including the Prepayment Premium) is reasonable and is the product of an arm’s length transaction between sophisticated business people, ably represented by counsel; (B) the premium (including the Prepayment Premium) shall be payable notwithstanding the then
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prevailing market rates at the time payment is made; (C) there has been a course of conduct between Lenders and the Borrower giving specific consideration in this transaction for such agreement to pay the premium (including the Prepayment Premium); and (D) the Borrower shall be estopped hereafter from claiming differently than as agreed to in this paragraph. The Borrower expressly acknowledges that its agreement to pay the premium (including the Prepayment Premium) to Lenders as herein described is a material inducement to Lenders to consent to this Agreement.
ARTICLE VIII
The Agents
Each of the Lenders hereby irrevocably appoints the Administrative Agent (it being understood that references in this Article VIII to the Administrative Agent shall be deemed to include the Collateral Agent) as its agent and authorizes the Administrative Agent to take such actions on its behalf and to exercise such powers as are delegated to the Administrative Agent by the terms of the Loan Documents, together with such actions and powers as are reasonably incidental thereto.
The Person serving as the Administrative Agent hereunder shall have the same rights and powers in its capacity as a Lender as any other Lender and may exercise the same as though it were not the Administrative Agent, and such Person and its Affiliates may accept deposits from, lend money to and generally engage in any kind of business with the Borrower or any Subsidiary or other Affiliate thereof as if it were not the Administrative Agent hereunder.
The Administrative Agent shall not have any duties or obligations except those expressly set forth in the Loan Documents. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, (a) the Administrative Agent shall not be subject to any fiduciary or other implied duties, regardless of whether a Default has occurred and is continuing, (b) the Administrative Agent shall not have any duty to take any discretionary action or exercise any discretionary powers, except discretionary rights and powers expressly contemplated by the Loan Documents that the Administrative Agent is required to exercise in writing by the Required Lenders (or such other number or percentage of the Lenders as shall be necessary under the circumstances as provided in Section 10.02); provided, that the Administrative Agent shall not be required to take any action that, in its opinion or in the opinion of its counsel, could expose the Administrative Agent to liability or be contrary to any Loan Document or any requirement of Applicable Law, and (c) except as expressly set forth in the Loan Documents, the Administrative Agent shall not have any duty to disclose, and shall not be liable for the failure to disclose, any information relating to the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries that is communicated to or obtained by the Person serving as Administrative Agent or any of its Affiliates in any capacity. The Administrative Agent shall not be liable for any action taken or not taken by it with the consent or at the request of the Required Lenders (or such other number or percentage of the Lenders as shall be necessary under the circumstances as provided in Section 10.02) and the Administrative Agent shall not be liable for any action taken or not taken by it in the absence of its own gross negligence or willful misconduct as determined by a final non-appealable judgment by a court of competent jurisdiction; provided, that, no action taken or not taken at the direction of the Required Lenders (or such other number or percentage of the Lenders as shall be necessary under the circumstances as provided in Section 10.02) shall be considered gross negligence or willful misconduct. The Administrative Agent shall be deemed not to have knowledge of any Default unless and until written notice thereof conspicuously labeled as a “notice of default” is given to the Administrative Agent by the Borrower or a Lender, and the Administrative Agent shall not be responsible for or have any duty to ascertain or inquire into (i) any statement, warranty or representation made in or in connection with any Loan Document, (ii) the contents of any certificate, report or other document delivered
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thereunder or in connection therewith, (iii) the performance or observance of any of the covenants, agreements or other terms or conditions set forth in any Loan Document or the occurrence of any Event of Default, (iv) the validity, enforceability, effectiveness or genuineness of any Loan Document or any other agreement, instrument or document, or (v) the satisfaction of any condition set forth in Article IV or elsewhere in any Loan Document, other than to confirm receipt of items expressly required to be delivered to the Administrative Agent.
The Administrative Agent shall be entitled to rely upon, and shall not incur any liability for relying upon, any notice, request, certificate, consent, statement, instrument, document or other writing believed by it to be genuine and to have been signed or sent by the proper Person. The Administrative Agent also may rely upon any statement made to it orally or by telephone and believed by it to be made by the proper Person, and shall not incur any liability for relying thereon. The Administrative Agent may consult with legal counsel, independent accountants and other experts selected by it, and shall not be liable for any action taken or not taken by it in accordance with the advice of any such counsel, accountants or experts.
The Administrative Agent may perform any and all its duties and exercise its rights and powers by or through any one or more sub-agents appointed by the Administrative Agent. The Administrative Agent and any such sub-agent may perform any and all its duties and exercise its rights and powers through their respective Related Parties. The exculpatory provisions of the preceding paragraphs shall apply to any such sub-agent and to the Related Parties of the Administrative Agent and any such sub-agent, and shall apply to their respective activities in connection with the syndication of the credit facilities provided for herein as well as activities as Administrative Agent.
The Administrative Agent may resign at any time by notifying the Lenders and the Borrower and the Administrative Agent may be removed at any time with or without cause by an instrument or concurrent instruments in writing delivered to the Borrower and Administrative Agent and signed by the Required Lenders. Upon any such resignation, the Required Lenders shall have the right, in consultation with the Borrower, to appoint a successor from among the Lenders, which consultation shall not be required after and during the continuation of an Event of Default. If no successor shall have been so appointed by the Required Lenders and shall have accepted such appointment within 30 days after the retiring Administrative Agent gives notice of its resignation, then the retiring Administrative Agent may (but shall be under no obligation to), on behalf of the Lenders, appoint a successor Administrative Agent. Upon the acceptance of its appointment as Administrative Agent hereunder by a successor, such successor shall succeed to and become vested with all the rights, powers, privileges and duties of the retiring Administrative Agent, and the retiring Administrative Agent shall be discharged from its duties and obligations hereunder; provided, that, Administrative Agent’s resignation shall nonetheless become effective within thirty (30) days after the Administrative Agent provides notices of its resignations to the Lenders and the Borrower. The fees payable by the Borrower to a successor Administrative Agent shall be the same as those payable to its predecessor unless otherwise agreed between the Borrower and such successor. After the Administrative Agent’s resignation hereunder, the provisions of this Article and Section 10.03 shall continue in effect for the benefit of such retiring Administrative Agent, its sub-agents and their respective Related Parties in respect of any actions taken or omitted to be taken by any of them while it was acting as Administrative Agent.
Each Lender acknowledges that it has, independently and without reliance upon the Administrative Agent, or any other Lender and based on such documents and information as it has deemed appropriate, made its own credit analysis and decision to enter into this Agreement. Each Lender also acknowledges that it will, independently and without reliance upon the Administrative Agent or any
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other Lender and based on such documents and information as it shall from time to time deem appropriate, continue to make its own decisions in taking or not taking action under or based upon this Agreement, any other Loan Document or related agreement or any document furnished hereunder or thereunder.
ARTICLE IX
[Reserved]
ARTICLE X
Miscellaneous
SECTION 10.01    Notices. Except in the case of notices and other communications expressly permitted to be given by telephone, all notices and other communications provided for herein shall be in writing and shall be delivered by hand or overnight courier service, mailed by certified or registered mail or sent by telecopy (or email), as follows:if to the Borrower, to Horizon Global Corporation at 47912 Halyard Drive, Suite 100, Plymouth, Michigan 48170, Attention of Jay Goldbaum, Legal Director (Telephone No. (248) 835-9958, Email: jgoldbaum@horizonglobal.com), with a copy to (which shall not constitute notice) Jones Day, 901 Lakeside Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44114, Attention of Rachel Rawson (Telephone: (216) 586-7276, Email: rlrawson@jonesday.com);
(b)if to the Administrative Agent, to Atlantic Park Strategic Capital Fund, L.P., 527 Madison Avenue, 25th Floor, New York, NY 10022, Attention: Robert Stasi (Email: robert.stasi@ironparkcap.com) with a copy to (which shall not constitute notice), (i) atlanticparkagency@alterdomus.com, (ii) Kirkland & Ellis LLP, 2049 Century Park East, Suite 3700, Los Angeles, CA 90067, Attention: David Nemecek, P.C. (Telecopy: (213) 680-8500, Telephone: (213) 680-8111, Email: david.nemecek@kirkland.com) and (iii) Kirkland & Ellis LLP, 555 California Street, San Francisco, CA 94104, Attention: Katie Taylor (Telecopy: (415) 439 1500, Telephone: (415) 439-1424, Email: katie.taylor@kirkland.com); and
(c)if to any other Lender, to it at its address (or telecopy number) set forth in its Administrative Questionnaire.
Any party hereto may change its address or telecopy number for notices and other communications hereunder by notice to the other parties hereto. All notices and other communications given to any party hereto in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement shall be deemed to have been given (i) when personally delivered, (ii) three Business Days after being deposited in the mail with postage prepaid (by registered or certified mail, return receipt requested), (iii) one Business Day after being delivered to the overnight courier service, if prepaid and sent overnight delivery, addressed as aforesaid and with all charges prepaid or billed to the account of the sender or (iv) when sent by email transmission to an email address designated by such addressee and the sender receives a confirmation of transmission.
SECTION 10.02    Waivers; Amendments.
(a)No failure or delay by the Administrative Agent or any Lender in exercising any right or power hereunder or under any other Loan Document shall operate as a waiver thereof, nor shall any single or partial exercise of any such right or power, or any abandonment or
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discontinuance of steps to enforce such a right or power, preclude any other or further exercise thereof or the exercise of any other right or power. The rights and remedies of the Administrative Agent and the Lenders hereunder and under the other Loan Documents are cumulative and are not exclusive of any rights or remedies that they would otherwise have. No waiver of any provision of any Loan Document or consent to any departure by any Loan Party therefrom shall in any event be effective unless the same shall be permitted by paragraph (b) of this Section, and then such waiver or consent shall be effective only in the specific instance and for the purpose for which given. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the making of a Loan shall not be construed as a waiver of any Default, regardless of whether the Administrative Agent or any Lender may have had notice or knowledge of such Default at the time.
(b)Neither this Agreement nor any other Loan Document nor any provision hereof or thereof may be waived, amended or modified except, in the case of this Agreement, pursuant to an agreement or agreements in writing entered into by the Borrower and the Required Lenders (with a copy to the Administrative Agent) or, in the case of any other Loan Document, pursuant to an agreement or agreements in writing entered into by the Administrative Agent and the Loan Party or Loan Parties that are parties thereto, in each case with the written consent of the Required Lenders; provided that (A) any such agreement may, without the consent of the Required Lenders (i) increase the Commitment of any Lender with the written consent of such Lender, (ii) reduce the principal amount of any Loan or reduce the rate of interest thereon, or reduce any fees payable hereunder, with the written consent of each Lender affected thereby, (iii) postpone the maturity of any Loan, or any scheduled date of payment of the principal amount of any Term Loan under Section 2.10, or any date for the payment of any interest or fees payable hereunder, or reduce or forgive the amount of, waive or excuse any such payment, or postpone the scheduled date of expiration of any Commitment, with the written consent of each Lender affected thereby, and (B) no such agreement shall (i) directly or indirectly change the pro rata treatment of Lenders or the Term Loans or the Term Loans in any respect without the written consent of each Lender, including (x) changing Section 2.18(a), (b) or (c) in a manner that would alter the pro rata sharing of payments required thereby, (y) Section 10.04 or (z) Section 2.11, (ii) change the percentage set forth in the definition of “Required Lenders” or any other provision of any Loan Document (including this Section) specifying the number or percentage of Lenders (or Lenders of any Class) required to waive, amend or modify any rights thereunder or make any determination or grant any consent thereunder, without the written consent of each Lender (or each Lender of such Class, as the case may be), (iii) release all or substantially all of the Subsidiary Loan Parties from their Guarantees under the Guarantee and Collateral Agreement (except as expressly provided in the Guarantee and Collateral Agreement) or corresponding foreign law Guarantee or Security Document (except as expressly provided therein), without the written consent of each Lender, (iv) release all or substantially all of the Collateral from the Liens of the Security Documents, without the written consent of each Lender (except as expressly provided in the Security Documents), (v) subordinate any of the Liens securing the Obligations or the Guarantees under the Guarantee and Collateral Agreement or a corresponding foreign law Guarantee or Security Document without the written consent of each Lender, (vi) directly or indirectly change the order of priority of payments set forth in Section 2.4 of the Guarantee and Collateral Agreement without the written consent of each Lender or (vii) directly or indirectly subordinate the Obligations to any other obligations without the consent of each Lender; provided, further, that (1) no such agreement shall amend, modify or otherwise affect the rights or duties of the Administrative Agent or the Collateral Agent, without the prior written consent of the Administrative Agent or the Collateral Agent, as applicable, and (2) any waiver, amendment or modification of this Agreement that by its terms affects the rights or duties under this
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Agreement of the Lenders of a particular Class (but not the Lenders of any other Class) may be effected by an agreement or agreements in writing entered into by the Borrower and requisite percentage in interest of the affected Class of Lenders that would be required to consent thereto under this Section if such Class of Lenders were the only Class of Lenders hereunder at the time. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any provision of this Agreement may be amended by an agreement in writing entered into by the Borrower and consenting Lenders if (i) by the terms of such agreement the Commitment of each Lender not consenting to the amendment provided for therein shall terminate upon the effectiveness of such amendment and (ii) at the time such amendment becomes effective, each Lender not consenting thereto receives payment in full of the principal of and interest accrued on each Loan made by it and all other amounts owing to it or accrued for its account under this Agreement.
(c)In connection with any proposed amendment, modification, waiver or termination (a “Proposed Change”) requiring the consent of all Lenders or all affected Lenders, if the consent of the Required Lenders (and, to the extent any Proposed Change requires the consent of Lenders holding Loans of any Class pursuant to clause (v) or (viii) of paragraph (b) of this Section, the consent of at least 50% in interest of the outstanding Loans and unused Commitments of such Class) to such Proposed Change is obtained, but the consent to such Proposed Change of other Lenders whose consent is required is not obtained (any such Lender whose consent is not obtained as described in paragraph (b) of this Section being referred to as a “Non-Consenting Lender”), then, if the Administrative Agent is also a Lender, so long as such Lender that is acting as Administrative Agent is not a Non-Consenting Lender, the Borrower may, at its sole expense and effort, upon notice to such Non-Consenting Lender and the Administrative Agent, require such Non-Consenting Lender to assign and delegate, without recourse (in accordance with and subject to the restrictions contained in Section 10.04), all its interests, rights and obligations under this Agreement to an assignee that shall assume such obligations (which assignee may be another Lender, if a Lender accepts such assignment), provided that (a) the Borrower shall have received the prior written consent of the Administrative Agent, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld, (b) such Non-Consenting Lender shall have received payment of an amount equal to the outstanding principal of its Loans, accrued interest thereon, accrued fees and all other amounts payable to it hereunder from the assignee (to the extent of such outstanding principal and accrued interest and fees) or the Borrower (in the case of all other amounts), (c) the Borrower or such assignee shall have paid to the Administrative Agent the processing and recordation fee specified in Section 10.04(b), (d) such assignee shall consent to such Proposed Change and (e) if such Non-Consenting Lender is acting as the Administrative Agent, it will not be required to assign and delegate its interests, rights and obligations as Administrative Agent under this Agreement. Each party hereto agrees that an assignment required pursuant to this paragraph may be effected pursuant to an Assignment and Assumption executed by the Borrower, the Administrative Agent and the assignee, and that the Lender required to make such assignment need not be a party thereto in order for such assignment to be effective; provided, that, such assignee, if it shall not be a Lender, shall deliver to the Administrative Agent an Administrative Questionnaire, the tax forms required by Section 2.17(f) and all other documentation and other information required by regulatory authorities under applicable “know you customer” and anti-money laundering rules and regulations including, without limitation, the PATRIOT Act.
(d)Notwithstanding the foregoing, (i) the Administrative Agent and the Borrower may amend, modify or supplement any Loan Document without the consent of any Lender or the Required Lenders in order to correct, amend or cure any ambiguity, inconsistency or defect or
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correct any typographical error or other manifest error in any Loan Document, and (ii) the Administrative Agent and the Borrower may amend this Agreement without the consent of any Lender or Required Lenders in order to (x) provide the Lenders with the benefits of any additional covenants, more restrictive covenants or events of default that are added to the ABL Loan Documents and (y) implement any Benchmark Replacement or any Benchmark Replacement Conforming Changes or otherwise effectuate the terms of Section 2.14 in accordance with the terms of Section 2.14.
SECTION 10.03    Expenses; Indemnity; Damage Waiver.
(a)The Borrower shall pay (i) all reasonable out-of-pocket expenses incurred by the Agents and their Affiliates, including the reasonable fees, charges and disbursements of separate counsel for the Administrative Agent and Collateral Agent (taken as a whole) and separate counsel for all other Agents (taken as a whole) in connection with the provision, negotiation and documentation of the credit facility provided for herein, due diligence investigation, the preparation and administration of the Loan Documents, the monitoring of the performance of the Borrower and its Affiliates, or any amendments, modifications or waivers of the provisions thereof (whether or not the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby shall be consummated), (ii) from and after the Closing Date, reasonable and documented fees, charges and disbursements of separate counsel acting for the Lenders and, solely after an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, one financial advisor acting on behalf of all Lenders; provided, however, that the costs and expenses of such financial advisor for the Lenders reimbursable pursuant to this Section 10.03(a) shall not exceed $50,000 per month; and (iii) all out-of-pocket expenses incurred by the Agents or the Lenders, including the fees, charges and disbursements of separate counsel for the Administrative Agent and Collateral Agent (taken as a whole), separate counsel for all other Agents (taken as a whole) and separate counsel for the Lenders (but not for any financial advisor if there is a financial advisor already retained by the Lenders for which the Borrower is providing reimbursement pursuant to clause (ii)), in connection with the enforcement or protection of its rights in connection with the Loan Documents, including its rights under this Section, or in connection with the Loans made hereunder, including (subject to the limitations provided above) all such out-of-pocket expenses incurred during any workout, restructuring or negotiations in respect of such Loans.
(b)The Borrower hereby indemnifies (x) the Administrative Agent, Collateral Agent and each Related Party of any of the foregoing Persons (each such Person being called an “Agent Indemnitee”) and (y) each other Agent and each Lender, and each Related Party of any of the foregoing Persons (each such Person being called a “Lender Indemnitee”; and together with the Agent Indemnitees, each such Person being called an “Indemnitee”) against, and hold each Indemnitee harmless from, any and all losses, claims, damages, liabilities and related expenses, including the fees, charges and disbursements of any counsel for any Indemnitee, incurred by or asserted against any Indemnitee arising out of, in connection with, or as a result of (i) the execution or delivery of any Loan Document or any other agreement or instrument contemplated hereby, the performance by the parties to the Loan Documents of their respective obligations thereunder or the consummation of the Transactions or any other transactions contemplated hereby, (ii) any Loan or the use of the proceeds therefrom, (iii) any actual or alleged presence or Release of Hazardous Materials on or from any Mortgaged Property or any other property or facility currently or formerly owned, leased or operated by the Borrower or any Subsidiary giving rise to liability of, or related to, the Borrower or any Subsidiary under any Environmental Law, or any other Environmental Liability of, or related to, the Borrower or any Subsidiary including,
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without limitation, with respect to any of their current or former properties or facilities, or (iv) any actual or prospective claim, litigation, investigation or proceeding relating to any of the foregoing, whether based on contract, tort or any other theory, and whether or not the same are brought by the Borrower, its equity holders, Affiliates or creditors or any other Person and regardless of whether any Indemnitee is a party thereto; provided that such indemnity shall not, as to any Indemnitee, be available to the extent that such losses, claims, damages, liabilities or related expenses (A) are determined by a court of competent jurisdiction by final and nonappealable judgment to have resulted from the gross negligence or willful misconduct of such Indemnitee or (B) are determined by a court of competent jurisdiction by final and non-appealable judgment to have arisen out of a material breach in bad faith by such Lender Indemnitee of its obligations under the Loan Documents or (C) result from a dispute solely among Indemnitees, other than any claims against an Indemnitee in its capacity or in fulfilling its role as an agent or arranger under the Loan Documents and other than any claims arising out of any act or omission of the Borrower or any of its Affiliates. This Section 10.03(b) shall not apply with respect to Taxes other than any Taxes that represent losses or damages arising from any non-Tax claim.
(c)To the extent that any of the Borrower fails to timely pay any amount required to be paid by it to the Administrative Agent under paragraph (a) or (b) of this Section 10.03 (and without limiting such party’s obligation to do so), each Lender severally agrees to pay to the Administrative Agent such Lender’s pro rata share (determined as of the time that the applicable unreimbursed expense or indemnity payment is sought) of any such actual and direct losses (other than lost profits), claims, damages, liabilities and related reasonable and documented out-of-pocket expenses (including any such amount in respect of a claim asserted by such Lender); provided that the unreimbursed expense or indemnified loss, claim, damage, liability or related expense, as the case may be, was incurred by or asserted against the Administrative Agent in its capacity as such. For purposes hereof, a Lender’s “pro rata share” shall be determined based upon its share of the outstanding Term Loans and unused Commitments at the time; provided, that, if the Term Loans have been paid in full prior to such determination, then such pro rata share shall be determined as of the last date that any Term Loan was outstanding.
(d)To the extent permitted by Applicable Law, the Borrower shall not assert, and hereby waives, any claim against any Indemnitee, on any theory of liability, for special, indirect, consequential or punitive damages (as opposed to direct or actual damages) arising out of, in connection with, or as a result of, this Agreement or any agreement or instrument contemplated hereby, the Transactions, any Loan or the use of the proceeds thereof.
(e)All amounts due under this Section 10.03 shall be payable promptly after written demand therefor.
(f)No director, officer, employee, stockholder or member, as such, of any Loan Party shall have any liability for the Obligations or for any claim based on, in respect of or by reason of the Obligations or their creation; provided that the foregoing shall not be construed to relieve any Loan Party of its Obligations under any Loan Document.
(g)For the avoidance of doubt, this Section 10.03 shall not apply to any Taxes, except to the extent any Taxes that represent losses, claims, damages or liabilities arising from any non-Tax claim.
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SECTION 10.04    Successors and Assigns.
(a)The provisions of this Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the parties hereto and their respective successors and assigns permitted hereby, except that the Borrower may not assign or otherwise transfer any of its rights or obligations hereunder without the prior written consent of each Lender (and any attempted assignment or transfer by the Borrower without such consent shall be null and void). Nothing in this Agreement, expressed or implied, shall be construed to confer upon any Person (other than the parties hereto, their respective successors and assigns permitted hereby and, to the extent expressly contemplated hereby, the Related Parties of each of the Administrative Agent and the Lenders) any legal or equitable right, remedy or claim under or by reason of this Agreement.
(b)Any Lender may assign to one or more assignees (other than a natural person) all or a portion of its rights and obligations under this Agreement (including all or a portion of its Commitments and the Loans at the time owing to it); provided that (i) except in the case of an assignment to a Lender (other than a Defaulting Lender), a Lender Affiliate (other than a Lender Affiliate of a Defaulting Lender) or an Approved Fund (other than an Approved Fund of a Defaulting Lender), each of the Borrower and the Administrative Agent must give their prior written consent to such assignment (which consents shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed) (provided that the Borrower shall be deemed to have consented to any assignment of Loans or Commitments unless it shall object thereto by written notice to the Administrative Agent within 5 Business Days after having received notice thereof), (ii) except in the case of an assignment to a Lender, a Lender Affiliate or an Approved Fund or an assignment of the entire remaining amount of the assigning Lender’s Commitment or Loans, the amount of the Commitment or Loans of the assigning Lender subject to each such assignment (determined as of the date the Assignment and Assumption with respect to such assignment is delivered to the Administrative Agent) shall not be less than $1,000,000 unless each of the Borrower and the Administrative Agent otherwise consent, (iii) no assignment may be made to a Disqualified Lender absent the prior consent of the Borrower (which consent may be made in its sole and absolute discretion), (iv) each partial assignment shall be made as an assignment of a proportionate part of all the assigning Lender’s rights and obligations under this Agreement, except that this clause (iv) shall not be construed to prohibit the assignment of a proportionate part of all the assigning Lender’s rights and obligations in respect of one Class of Commitments or Loans, (v) the parties to each assignment shall execute and deliver to the Administrative Agent an Assignment and Assumption, together with a processing and recordation fee of $3,500 and (vi) the assignee, if it shall not be a Lender, shall deliver to the Administrative Agent an Administrative Questionnaire, the tax forms required by Section 2.17(f) and all other documentation and other information required by regulatory authorities under applicable “know your customer” and anti-money laundering rules and regulations including, without limitation, the PATRIOT Act; and provided, further, that any consent of the Borrower otherwise required under this paragraph shall not be required if an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing. Subject to acceptance and recording thereof pursuant to paragraph (d) of this Section, from and after the effective date specified in each Assignment and Assumption the assignee thereunder shall be a party hereto and, to the extent of the interest assigned by such Assignment and Assumption, have the rights and obligations of a Lender under this Agreement, and the assigning Lender thereunder shall, to the extent of the interest assigned by such Assignment and Assumption, be released from its obligations under this Agreement (and, in the case of an Assignment and Assumption covering all of the assigning Lender’s rights and obligations under this Agreement, such Lender shall cease to be a party hereto but shall continue to be entitled to the benefits of Sections 2.15, 2.16, 2.17 and 10.03). Any assignment or transfer by a Lender of
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rights or obligations under this Agreement that does not comply with this paragraph shall be treated for purposes of this Agreement as a sale by such Lender of a participation in such rights and obligations in accordance with paragraph (e) of this Section. The Administrative Agent, its Affiliates and its representatives shall not be responsible or have any liability for, or have any duty to ascertain, inquire into, monitor or enforce compliance with the provisions hereof relating to Disqualified Lenders; provided that the list of Disqualified Lenders will be made available to any Lender upon request. Notwithstanding the foregoing:
(i)If any assignment or participation is made to any Disqualified Lender without the Borrower’s prior written consent in violation of this Section 10.04(b), (I) for purposes of voting on any plan of reorganization, each Disqualified Lender party hereto hereby agrees (A) not to vote on such plan of reorganization, (B) if such Disqualified Lender does vote on such plan of reorganization notwithstanding the restriction in the foregoing clause (A), such vote will be deemed not to be in good faith and shall be “designated” pursuant to Section 1126(e) of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code (or any similar provision in any other applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, arrangement, moratorium or other similar laws), and such vote shall not be counted in determining whether the applicable class has accepted or rejected such plan of reorganization in accordance with Section 1126(c) of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code (or any similar provision in any other applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, arrangement, moratorium or other similar law) and (C) not to contest any request by any party for a determination by the applicable bankruptcy court (or other applicable court of competent jurisdiction) effectuating the foregoing clause (B), (II) such Disqualified Lender shall not vote for any purpose under the Loan Documents, and (III) the Borrower may, at its sole expense and effort, upon notice to the applicable Disqualified Lender and the Administrative Agent, purchase or prepay outstanding Term Loans held by Disqualified Lenders by paying the lesser of (x) the amount that such Disqualified Lenders paid to acquire such Term Loans and (y) the par value of such Term Loans, in each case plus accrued interest, accrued fees and all other amounts (other than principal amounts) payable to it hereunder.
(ii)The Lenders and the Loan Parties expressly acknowledge that the Administrative Agent (solely in its capacity as such or as an arranger, bookrunner or other agent hereunder) shall not (x) be obligated to ascertain, monitor or inquire as to whether any Lender or participant or prospective Lender or participant is a Disqualified Lender or (y) have any liability with respect to or arising out of any assignment or participation of Loans, or disclosure of confidential information, to any Disqualified Lender. Without limiting the forgoing, the parties hereto acknowledge and agree that Administrative Agent shall not be responsible or have any liability for, or have any duty to ascertain, inquire into, monitor or enforce compliance with the provisions hereof relating to Disqualified Lenders.
(c)The Administrative Agent, acting for this purpose as a non-fiduciary agent of the Borrower, shall maintain at one of its offices a copy of each Assignment and Assumption delivered to it and a register for the recordation of the names and addresses of the Lenders, and the Commitment of, and principal amount (and stated interest) of the Loans owing to, each Lender pursuant to the terms hereof from time to time (the “Register”). The entries in the Register shall be conclusive (absent manifest error), and the Borrower, the Administrative Agent and the Lenders shall treat each Person whose name is recorded in the Register pursuant to the terms hereof as a Lender hereunder for all purposes of this Agreement, notwithstanding notice to
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the contrary. The Register shall be available for inspection by the Borrower and any Lender, at any reasonable time and from time to time upon reasonable prior written notice.
(d)Upon its receipt of a duly completed Assignment and Assumption executed by an assigning Lender and an assignee, the assignee’s completed Administrative Questionnaire, a properly completed and duly executed copy of the tax forms required by Section 2.17(f) and all other documentation and other information required by regulatory authorities under applicable “know your customer” and anti-money laundering rules and regulations, including, without limitation, the PATRIOT Act (unless the assignee shall already be a Lender hereunder), the processing and recordation fee referred to in paragraph (b) of this Section and any written consent to such assignment required by paragraph (b) of this Section, the Administrative Agent shall accept such Assignment and Assumption and record the information contained therein in the Register. No assignment shall be effective for purposes of this Agreement unless it has been recorded in the Register as provided in this paragraph.
(e)Any Lender may, without the consent of the Borrower or the Administrative Agent, sell participations to one or more banks or other entities (other than a natural person or a Disqualified Lender) (a “Participant”) in all or a portion of such Lender’s rights and obligations under this Agreement (including all or a portion of its Commitment and the Loans); provided that (i) such Lender’s obligations under this Agreement shall remain unchanged, (ii) such Lender shall remain solely responsible to the other parties hereto for the performance of such obligations and (iii) the Borrower, the Administrative Agent and the other Lenders shall continue to deal solely and directly with such Lender in connection with such Lender’s rights and obligations under this Agreement. Any agreement or instrument pursuant to which a Lender sells such a participation shall provide that such Lender shall retain the sole right to enforce the Loan Documents and to approve any amendment, modification or waiver of any provision of the Loan Documents; provided that such agreement or instrument may provide that such Lender will not, without the consent of the Participant, agree to any amendment, modification or waiver described in the first proviso to Section 10.02(b) that affects such Participant. Subject to paragraph (f) of this Section, the Borrower agrees that each Participant shall be entitled to the benefits of Sections 2.15, 2.16 and 2.17 (subject to the limitations and requirements therein, including the requirements under Section 2.17(f) (it being understood that the documentation required under Section 2.17(f) shall be delivered to the participating Lender)) to the same extent as if it were a Lender and had acquired its interest by assignment pursuant to paragraph (b) of this Section, provided that such Participant agrees to be subject to the provisions of Section 2.19 as if it were an assignee under paragraph (b) of this Section. To the extent permitted by law, each Participant also shall be entitled to the benefits of Section 10.08 as though it were a Lender, provided such Participant agrees to be subject to Section 2.18(c) as though it were a Lender. With respect to any Loan made to the Borrower, each Lender that sells a participation shall, acting solely for this purpose as an agent of the Borrower, maintain a register on which it enters the name and address of each Participant and the principal amounts (and stated interest) of each Participant’s interest in the Loans or other obligations under this Agreement (the “Participant Register”); provided that no Lender shall have any obligation to disclose all or any portion of the Participant Register to any Person (including the identity of any Participant or any information relating to a Participant’s interest in any Commitments, Loans or its other obligations under any Loan Document) except to the extent that such disclosure is necessary to establish that such Commitment, Loan or other obligation is in registered form under Section 5f.103-1(c) of the United States Treasury Regulations or in connection with any income tax audit or other income tax proceeding of the Borrower. The entries in the Participant Register shall be conclusive absent manifest error, and
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such Lender shall treat each person whose name is recorded in the Participant Register as the owner of such participation for all purposes of this Agreement notwithstanding any notice to the contrary.
(f)A Participant shall not be entitled to receive any greater payment under Section 2.15 or 2.17 than the applicable Lender would have been entitled to receive with respect to the participation sold to such Participant unless the sale of the participation to such Participant is made with the prior written consent of the Borrower. A Participant that would be a Non-U.S. Lender if it were a Lender shall not be entitled to the benefits of Section 2.17 unless the Borrower is notified of the participation sold to such Participant and such Participant agrees, for the benefit of the Borrower to comply with Section 2.17(f) as though it were a Lender.
(g)Any Lender may, without the consent of the Borrower or the Administrative Agent, at any time pledge or assign a security interest in all or any portion of its rights under this Agreement to secure obligations of such Lender, including any pledge or assignment to secure obligations to a Federal Reserve Bank, and this Section shall not apply to any such pledge or assignment of a security interest; provided that no such pledge or assignment of a security interest shall release a Lender from any of its obligations hereunder or substitute any such pledgee or assignee for such Lender as a party hereto.
(h)Notwithstanding anything to the contrary set forth in this Agreement or any other Loan Document, any Lender may assign all or a portion of its Term Loans to the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries at a price below the par value thereof; provided that any such assignment shall be subject to the following additional conditions: (1) no Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing immediately before and after giving effect to such assignment, (2) any such offer to purchase shall be offered to all Term Lenders of a particular Class on a pro rata basis, with mechanics to be agreed by the Administrative Agent and the Borrower, (3) any Loans so purchased shall be immediately cancelled and retired (provided that any non-cash gain in respect of “cancellation of indebtedness” resulting from the cancellation of any Loans so purchased shall not increase Consolidated EBITDA), (4) the Borrower shall provide, as of the date of its offer to purchase and as of the date of the effectiveness of such purchase and assignment, a customary representation and warranty that neither it nor any of its Affiliates is in possession of any material non-public information with respect to the Borrower, its Subsidiaries or their respective securities and (5) the Borrower and the applicable purchaser shall waive any right to bring any action against the Administrative Agent in connection with such purchase or the Term Loans so purchased. For the avoidance of doubt, in no event shall the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries be deemed to be a Lender under this Agreement or any of the other Loan Documents as a result of an assignment made under this clause (h).
SECTION 10.05    Survival. All covenants, agreements, representations and warranties made by the Loan Parties in the Loan Documents and in the certificates or other instruments delivered in connection with or pursuant to this Agreement or any other Loan Document shall be considered to have been relied upon by the other parties hereto and shall survive the execution and delivery of the Loan Documents and the making of any Loans, regardless of any investigation made by any such other party or on its behalf and notwithstanding that the Administrative Agent or any Lender may have had notice or knowledge of any Default or incorrect representation or warranty at the time any credit is extended hereunder, and shall continue in full force and effect as long as the principal of or any accrued interest on any Loan or any fee or any other amount payable under this Agreement is outstanding and unpaid and so long as the Commitments have not expired or terminated. The provisions of Sections 2.15, 2.16, 2.17 and 10.03 and Article VIII shall survive and remain in full force and
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effect regardless of the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby, the repayment of the Loans, the expiration or termination of the Commitments or the termination of this Agreement or any provision hereof.
SECTION 10.06    Counterparts; Integration; Effectiveness. This Agreement may be executed in counterparts (and by different parties hereto on different counterparts), each of which shall constitute an original, but all of which when taken together shall constitute a single contract. This Agreement, the other Loan Documents and any separate letter agreements with respect to fees payable to the Administrative Agent constitute the entire contract among the parties relating to the subject matter hereof and supersede any and all previous agreements and understandings, oral or written, relating to the subject matter hereof. Except as provided in Section 4.01, this Agreement shall become effective when it shall have been executed by the Administrative Agent and when the Administrative Agent shall have received counterparts hereof that, when taken together, bear the signatures of each of the other parties hereto, and thereafter shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the parties hereto and their respective successors and assigns. Delivery of an executed counterpart of a signature page of this Agreement by facsimile or other electronic transmission shall be effective as delivery of a manually executed counterpart of this Agreement.
SECTION 10.07    Severability. Any provision of this Agreement held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable in any jurisdiction shall, as to such jurisdiction, be ineffective to the extent of such invalidity, illegality or unenforceability without affecting the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions hereof; and the invalidity of a particular provision in a particular jurisdiction shall not invalidate such provision in any other jurisdiction.
SECTION 10.08    Right of Setoff. If an Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing, each Lender and each of its Affiliates is hereby authorized at any time and from time to time, to the fullest extent permitted by law, to set off and apply any and all deposits (general or special, time or demand, provisional or final) at any time held and other obligations at any time owing by such Lender or Affiliate to or for the credit or the account of the Borrower against any of and all the obligations of the Borrower now or hereafter existing under this Agreement held by such Lender, irrespective of whether or not such Lender shall have made any demand under this Agreement and although such obligations may be unmatured. The rights of each Lender under this Section are in addition to other rights and remedies (including other rights of setoff) which such Lender may have.
SECTION 10.09    Governing Law; Jurisdiction; Consent to Service of Process.
(a)This Agreement shall be construed in accordance with and governed by the law of the State of New York.
(b)The Borrower hereby irrevocably and unconditionally submits, for itself and its property, to the exclusive jurisdiction of the Supreme Court of the State of New York sitting in New York County and of the United States District Court of the Southern District of New York, and any appellate court from any thereof, in any action or proceeding arising out of or relating to any Loan Document, or for recognition or enforcement of any judgment, and each of the parties hereto hereby irrevocably and unconditionally agrees that all claims in respect of any such action or proceeding may be heard and determined in such New York State or, to the extent permitted by law, in such Federal court. Each of the parties hereto agrees that a final judgment in any such action or proceeding shall be conclusive and may be enforced in other jurisdictions by suit on the judgment or in any other manner provided by law. Nothing in this Agreement or any other Loan Document shall affect any right that the Administrative Agent or any Lender may otherwise have
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to bring any action or proceeding relating to this Agreement or any other Loan Document against the Borrower or its properties in the courts of any jurisdiction.
(c)The Borrower hereby irrevocably and unconditionally waives, to the fullest extent it may legally and effectively do so, any objection which it may now or hereafter have to the laying of venue of any suit, action or proceeding arising out of or relating to this Agreement or any other Loan Document in any court referred to in paragraph (b) of this Section. Each of the parties hereto hereby irrevocably waives, to the fullest extent permitted by law, the defense of an inconvenient forum to the maintenance of such action or proceeding in any such court.
(d)Each party to this Agreement irrevocably consents to service of process in the manner provided for notices in Section 10.01. Nothing in this Agreement or any other Loan Document will affect the right of any party to this Agreement to serve process in any other manner permitted by law.
SECTION 10.10    WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL. EACH PARTY HERETO HEREBY WAIVES, TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, ANY RIGHT IT MAY HAVE TO A TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY LEGAL PROCEEDING DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THIS AGREEMENT, ANY OTHER LOAN DOCUMENT OR THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREBY (WHETHER BASED ON CONTRACT, TORT OR ANY OTHER THEORY). EACH PARTY HERETO (A) CERTIFIES THAT NO REPRESENTATIVE, AGENT OR ATTORNEY OF ANY OTHER PARTY HAS REPRESENTED, EXPRESSLY OR OTHERWISE, THAT SUCH OTHER PARTY WOULD NOT, IN THE EVENT OF LITIGATION, SEEK TO ENFORCE THE FOREGOING WAIVER AND (B) ACKNOWLEDGES THAT IT AND THE OTHER PARTIES HERETO HAVE BEEN INDUCED TO ENTER INTO THIS AGREEMENT BY, AMONG OTHER THINGS, THE MUTUAL WAIVERS AND CERTIFICATIONS IN THIS SECTION.
SECTION 10.11    Headings. Article and Section headings and the Table of Contents used herein are for convenience of reference only, are not part of this Agreement and shall not affect the construction of, or be taken into consideration in interpreting, this Agreement.
SECTION 10.12    Confidentiality.
(a)Each of the Administrative Agent and the Lenders agrees to maintain the confidentiality of the Information (as defined below), except that Information may be disclosed (a) to its Lender Affiliates and to its and its Lender Affiliates’ directors, officers, employees and agents, including accountants, legal counsel and other advisors (it being understood that the Persons to whom such disclosure is made will be informed of the confidential nature of such Information and instructed to keep such Information confidential pursuant to the terms hereof), (b) to the extent requested by any regulatory or quasi-regulatory authority, (c) to the extent required by Applicable Laws or by any subpoena or similar legal process, (d) to any other party to this Agreement, (e) in connection with the exercise of any remedies hereunder or any suit, action or proceeding relating to this Agreement or any other Loan Document or the enforcement of rights hereunder or thereunder, (f) subject to an agreement containing provisions substantially the same as those of this Section, to (i) any assignee of or Participant in, or any prospective assignee of or Participant in, any of its rights or obligations under this Agreement or (ii) any actual or prospective counterparty (or its advisors) to any swap or derivative transaction relating to the Borrower and its obligations, (g) with the consent of the Borrower, (h) to the extent such Information (i) is publicly available at the time of disclosure or becomes publicly available other than as a result of a breach of this Section or (ii) becomes available to the Administrative Agent
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or any Lender on a nonconfidential basis from a source other than the Borrower or any Subsidiary or (i) to data service providers, including league table providers, that serve the lending industry, so long as such information consists of information customarily provided to such data service providers. For the purposes of this Section, “Information” means all information received from the Borrower or any Subsidiary relating to the Borrower or any Subsidiary or its business, other than any such information that is available to the Administrative Agent or any Lender on a nonconfidential basis prior to disclosure by the Borrower or any Subsidiary; provided that, in the case of information received from the Borrower or any Subsidiary after the Closing Date, such information is clearly identified at the time of delivery as confidential. Any Person required to maintain the confidentiality of Information as provided in this Section shall be considered to have complied with its obligation to do so if such Person has exercised the same degree of care to maintain the confidentiality of such Information as such Person would accord to its own confidential information.
(b)Each Loan Party, each Agent and each Lender acknowledge that certain of the Lenders may be Public-Siders and, if documents or notices required to be delivered pursuant to Sections 5.01, 5.02 or 5.03 or otherwise are being distributed through IntraLinks/IntraAgency, SyndTrak or another relevant secure website or other information platform (the “Platform”), any document or notice that the Borrower has indicated contains Private Lender Information shall not be posted on that portion of the Platform designated for such Public-Siders. If Borrower has not indicated whether a document or notice delivered pursuant to Sections 5.01, 5.02 or 5.03 contains Private Lender Information, the Administrative Agent reserves the right to post such document or notice solely on that portion of the Platform designated for Lenders who wish to receive Private Lender Information with respect to the Borrower and its Subsidiaries and their securities. The Loan Parties shall clearly and consciously mark any and all information or materials distributed to or for the Agents and Lenders as “PUBLIC” or “PRIVATE,” and in the absence of any such designation, all such information and materials shall be deemed to be “PUBLIC”.
SECTION 10.13    Interest Rate Limitation. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, if at any time the interest rate applicable to any Loan, together with all fees, charges and other amounts which are treated as interest on such Loan under Applicable Law (collectively the “Charges”), shall exceed the maximum lawful rate (the “Maximum Rate”) which may be contracted for, charged, taken, received or reserved by the Lender holding such Loan in accordance with Applicable Law, the rate of interest payable in respect of such Loan hereunder, together with all Charges payable in respect thereof, shall be limited to the Maximum Rate and, to the extent lawful, the interest and Charges that would have been payable in respect of such Loan but were not payable as a result of the operation of this Section shall be cumulated and the interest and Charges payable to such Lender in respect of other Loans or periods shall be increased (but not above the Maximum Rate therefor) until such cumulated amount, together with interest thereon at the Federal Funds Effective Rate to the date of repayment, shall have been received by such Lender.
SECTION 10.14    Intercreditor Agreements. Each Lender hereby authorizes and directs the Administrative Agent and/or the Collateral Agent (a) to enter into the ABL/Term Loan Intercreditor Agreement on its behalf, perform the ABL/Term Loan Intercreditor Agreement on its behalf and take any actions thereunder as determined by the Administrative Agent or the Collateral Agent to be necessary or advisable to protect the interest of the Lenders, and each Lender agrees to be bound by the terms of the ABL/Term Loan Intercreditor Agreement and (b) to enter into any other intercreditor agreement reasonably satisfactory to the Administrative Agent on its behalf, perform such intercreditor agreement on its behalf and take any actions thereunder as determined by the Administrative Agent or the Collateral Agent to be necessary or advisable to protect the interests of the Lenders, and each Lender agrees to be bound by the terms of such intercreditor
103


agreement. Each Lender acknowledges that the ABL/Term Loan Intercreditor Agreement governs, among other things, Lien priorities and rights of the Lenders and the ABL Secured Parties (as defined in the ABL/Term Loan Intercreditor Agreement) with respect to the Collateral, including the ABL Priority Collateral. In the event of a conflict between the ABL/Term Loan Intercreditor Agreement and any other Loan Document, the provisions of the ABL/Term Loan Intercreditor Agreement shall prevail.
SECTION 10.15    Release of Liens and Guarantees.
(a)Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein or in any other Loan Document, the Collateral Agent is hereby irrevocably authorized by each Lender (without requirement of notice to or consent of any Lender except as expressly required by Section 10.02) to take any action requested by the Borrower having the effect of releasing any Collateral or guarantee obligations (i) to the extent necessary to permit consummation of any transaction not prohibited by any Loan Document or that has been consented to in accordance with Section 10.02 or (ii) under the circumstances described in paragraph (b) below.
(b)At such time as the Loans and the other obligations under the Loan Documents shall have been paid in full and the Commitments have been terminated, the Collateral shall be released from the Liens created by the Security Documents, and the Security Documents and all obligations (other than those expressly stated to survive such termination) of the Collateral Agent and each Loan Party under the Security Documents shall terminate, all without delivery of any instrument or performance of any act by any Person, the security interests in such Collateral created by the Security Documents shall be automatically released without delivery of any instrument or performance of any act by any Person. The Administrative Agent shall be entitled to rely upon, and shall not incur any liability for relying upon, such certificate, believed by it to be genuine and to have been signed, sent or otherwise authenticated by the proper Person.
(c)In connection with any termination or release pursuant to this Section, the Administrative Agent and the Collateral Agent shall execute and deliver to any Loan Party all documents that such Loan Party shall reasonably request to evidence such termination or release. Any execution and delivery of documents pursuant to this Section shall be without recourse to or warranty by the Administrative Agent or the Collateral Agent.
SECTION 10.16    PATRIOT Act. Each Lender hereby notifies the Borrower that pursuant to the requirements of the USA PATRIOT Act (Title III of Pub. L. 107-56 (signed into law October 26, 2001)) (the “PATRIOT Act”), it is required, or will be required in the future, to obtain, verify and record information that identifies the Borrower and the other Loan Parties, which information includes the name and address of the Borrower and the other Loan Parties and other information that will allow such Lender to identify the Borrower and the other Loan Parties in accordance with the PATRIOT Act.
SECTION 10.17    No Fiduciary Duty. Each Agent, each Lender and their Affiliates (collectively, solely for purposes of this paragraph, the “Lenders”), may have economic interests that conflict with those of the Borrower, its stockholders and/or its Affiliates.  The Borrower agrees that nothing in the Loan Documents or otherwise will be deemed to create an advisory, fiduciary or agency relationship or fiduciary or other implied duty between any Lender, on the one hand, and the Borrower, its stockholders or its Affiliates, on the other.  The Borrower acknowledges and agrees that (i) the transactions contemplated by the Loan Documents (including the exercise of rights and remedies hereunder and there under) are arm’s-length commercial transactions between the Lenders, on the one hand, and the Borrower, on the other, and (ii) in connection therewith and with the process leading thereto, (x) no Lender has assumed an advisory or fiduciary responsibility
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in favor of the Borrower, its stockholders or its Affiliates with respect to the transactions contemplated hereby (or the exercise of rights or remedies with respect thereto) or the process leading thereto (irrespective of whether any Lender has advised, is currently advising or will advise the Borrower, its stockholders or its Affiliates on other matters) or any other obligation to the Borrower except the obligations expressly set forth in the Loan Documents and (y) each Lender is acting solely as principal and not as the agent or fiduciary of the Borrower, its management, stockholders, creditors or any other Person.  The Borrower acknowledges and agrees that it has consulted its own legal and financial advisors to the extent it deemed appropriate and that it is responsible for making its own independent judgment with respect to such transactions and the process leading thereto.  The Borrower agrees that it will not claim that any Lender has rendered advisory services of any nature or respect, or owes a fiduciary or similar duty to it, in connection with such transactions or the process leading thereto.
SECTION 10.18    Acknowledgement and Consent to Bail-In of EEA Financial Institutions. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in any Loan Document or in any other agreement, arrangement or understanding among any such parties, each party hereto acknowledges that any liability of any Affected Financial Institution arising under any Loan Document, to the extent such liability is unsecured, may be subject to the Write-Down and Conversion Powers of the applicable Resolution Authority and agrees and consents to, and acknowledges and agrees to be bound by:the application of any Write-Down and Conversion Powers by the applicable Resolution Authority to any such liabilities arising hereunder which may be payable to it by any party hereto that is an Affected Financial Institution; and
(b)the effects of any Bail-In Action on any such liability, including, if applicable:
(i)a reduction in full or in part or cancellation of any such liability;
(ii)a conversion of all, or a portion of, such liability into shares or other instruments of ownership in such Affected Financial Institution, its parent undertaking, or a bridge institution that may be issued to it or otherwise conferred on it, and that such shares or other instruments of ownership will be accepted by it in lieu of any rights with respect to any such liability under this Agreement or any other Loan Document; or
(iii)the variation of the terms of such liability in connection with the exercise of the Write-Down and Conversion Powers of the applicable Resolution Authority.
SECTION 10.19    Investment Unit. The parties acknowledge and agree that the Term Loans and the Warrants are intended to constitute an investment unit within the meaning of Section 1273(c)(2) of the Code, such that the fair market value of the Warrants will reduce the issue price of the Term Loans for U.S. federal income tax purposes. No later than ninety (90) days after the Closing Date, the Administrative Agent shall provide its determination of the fair market value of the Warrants as of the date of issuance to the Administrative Agent for purposes of determining the issue price of the Term Loans. If the Borrower disagrees with the proposed fair market value of the Warrants, the Borrower may, within ten (10) days of receipt of the proposed determination of the fair market value of the Warrants, deliver a notice to the Administrative Agent to such effect, explaining in reasonable detail the basis for such objection (provided, that if no notice is delivered within such period, the determination of the fair market value of the Warrants as proposed by the Administrative Agent will become final and binding on the Borrower, the Administrative Agent and the Lenders as provided in this Section 10.19). The Borrower and the Administrative Agent shall, during the fifteen (15) days following any such delivery of a notice of objection by the Borrower, use commercially reasonable efforts to reach agreement on the fair market value of the Warrants. If the Borrower and the Administrative Agent are unable to agree on the fair market value of the Warrants within such period, the dispute shall be resolved by an independent accounting firm mutually agreeable to the parties. The determination of the independent accounting
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firm with respect to fair market value of the Warrants will be final and binding on the Borrower, the Administrative Agent and the Lenders as provided in this Section 10.19, and the Borrower, on the one hand, and the Administrative Agent, on the other hand, will equally bear the fees and expenses of the independent accounting firm with respect thereto. The Borrower, the Administrative Agent and the Lenders agree to prepare their U.S. federal income tax returns, if required, in a manner consistent with the final determination of the fair market value of the Warrants pursuant to this Section 10.19 unless otherwise required by a Change in Law occurring after the date hereof, a closing agreement with an applicable Tax authority or a judgment of a court of competent jurisdiction.
SECTION 10.20    Original Issue Discount Legend. THE TERM LOANS WILL BE TREATED AS ISSUED WITH “ORIGINAL ISSUE DISCOUNT” (WITHIN THE MEANING OF SECTION 1273 OF THE CODE) FOR UNITED STATES FEDERAL INCOME TAX PURPOSES. THE ISSUE PRICE, AMOUNT OF ORIGINAL ISSUE DISCOUNT, ISSUE DATE AND YIELD TO MATURITY OF SUCH LOANS MAY BE OBTAINED BY WRITING TO BORROWER AT ITS ADDRESS SPECIFIED IN SECTION 10.01.
[Signature Pages Intentionally Omitted]

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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be executed under seal by their duly authorized officers, all as of the day and year first written above.
HORIZON GLOBAL CORPORATION, as the Borrower
By: /s/ Jay Goldbaum
Name: Jay Goldbaum
Title: General Counsel and Corporate Secretary


[Signature Page to Term Loan Credit Agreement]



AGENTS:
ATLANTIC PARK STRATEGIC CAPITAL FUND, L.P., as Administrative Agent and Collateral Agent
By: /s/ George Fan
Name: George Fan
Title: Authorized Signatory


[Signature Page to Term Loan Credit Agreement]



LENDERS:
APSC HOLDCO I, L.P., as a Lender
By: /s/ George Fan
Name: George Fan
Title: Authorized Signatory
[Signature Page to Term Loan Credit Agreement]

Exhibit 21.1
Horizon Global Corporation Significant (1) Subsidiary List
Horizon Global Americas Inc. (Delaware corporation)
Westfalia - Automotive GmbH (Germany)
Certain companies may also use trade names or other assumed names in the conduct of their business.
(1) As defined in Rule 1-02(w) of Regulation S-X, and other more significant operating companies as determined by management



Exhibit 23.1
CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

We consent to the incorporation by reference in Registration Statement Nos. 333-230398 and 333-239416 on Form S-8 of our report dated March 11, 2021, relating to the financial statements of Horizon Global Corporation appearing in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020.
/s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP
Detroit, Michigan
March 11, 2021



Exhibit 31.1
Certification
Pursuant to Section 302 of The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
(Chapter 63, Title 18 U.S.C. Section 1350(A) and (B))
I, Terrence G. Gohl, certify that:

1.I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Horizon Global Corporation;
2.Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
3.Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
4.The registrant's other certifying officer(s) and I am responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:
a)Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
b)Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
c)Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
d)Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant's most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant's fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting; and
5.The registrant's other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of the registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
a)All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
b)Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting.

Date: March 11, 2021
/s/ TERRENCE G. GOHL
Terrence G. Gohl
Chief Executive Officer



Exhibit 31.2
Certification
Pursuant to Section 302 of The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
(Chapter 63, Title 18 U.S.C. Section 1350(A) and (B))
I, Dennis E. Richardville, certify that:

1.I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Horizon Global Corporation;
2.Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
3.Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
4.The registrant's other certifying officer(s) and I am responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:
a)Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
b)Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
c)Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
d)Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant's most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant's fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting; and
5.The registrant's other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of the registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
a)All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
b)Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting.

Date: March 11, 2021
/s/ DENNIS E. RICHARDVILLE
Dennis E. Richardville
Chief Financial Officer



Exhibit 32.1
Certification Pursuant to
18 U.S.C. Section 1350,
As Adopted Pursuant to
Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

In connection with the Annual Report of Horizon Global Corporation (the "Company") on Form 10-K for the period ended December 31, 2020 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the "Report"), I, Terrence G. Gohl, Chief Executive Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant to § 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that to the best of my knowledge:
1.The Report fully complies with the requirements of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and
2.The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.
Date: March 11, 2021
/s/ TERRENCE G. GOHL
Terrence G. Gohl
Chief Executive Officer



Exhibit 32.2
Certification Pursuant to
18 U.S.C. Section 1350,
As Adopted Pursuant to
Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

In connection with the Annual Report of Horizon Global Corporation (the "Company") on Form 10-K for the period ended December 31, 2020 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the "Report"), I, Dennis E. Richardville, Chief Financial Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant to § 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that to the best of my knowledge:
1.The Report fully complies with the requirements of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and
2.The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.
Date: March 11, 2021
/s/ DENNIS E. RICHARDVILLE
Dennis E. Richardville
Chief Financial Officer