As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on January 10, 2018
 
Registration No. 333-222008
 
 
 
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
 
Amendment No. 2
 
FORM S-1/A
REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
 
 
Q BIOMED INC.
 (Name of Issuer in Its Charter)
 
 
Nevada
 
 
(State or other jurisdiction
of incorporation)
 
2834
 
30-0967746
(Primary Standard Industrial Classification Code Number)
 
(IRS Employer Identification No.)
 
 
 
 
c/o Ortoli Rosenstadt LLP
501 Madison Avenue – 14th Floor
New York, NY 10022
Telephone: 212-588-0022
Fax: 212-826-9307
 
(Address including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of registrant’s principal executive offices)
 
 
Nascent Group Inc.
1000 N. Green Valley Parkway, #440-484
Henderson, NV 89704
(702) 879-8565
 
(Name, address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of agent for service)
 
_______________________
 
Copies of communications to:

 
William S. Rosenstadt, Esq.
Timothy Li Dockery, Esq.
Ortoli Rosenstadt LLP
501 Madison Avenue - 14th Floor
New York, New York 10022
(212)-588-0022
 
 
Gregory Sichenzia, Esq.
Jay Yamamoto, Esq.
Sichenzia Ross Ference Kesner LLP
1185 Avenue of the Americas, 37 th  Floor
New York, New York 10036
(212) 930-9700
 
_______________________
 
As soon as practicable after this registration statement becomes effective.
Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale to the public
 
If any of the securities being registered on this Form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, check the following box: ☒
 
If this Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, please check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ☐
 
If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act of 1933, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ☐
 
If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(d) under the Securities Act of 1933, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ☐
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
 
Large accelerated filer                                                                          ☐
 
Accelerated filer                             
Non-accelerated filer                                                                            ☐
(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
 
Smaller reporting company            
 
 
Emerging Growth Company         
 
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided to Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act. ☐
 
 
 
CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE
 
Title of each class of securities to be registered(1)
 
Amount of Shares
 
 
Proposed Maximum Offering Price per Share
 
 
Proposed Maximum Aggregate Offering Price (2)
 
 
Amount of Registration Fee
 
Common Stock, $0.001 par value per share
    2,250,000
 
  $ 6.00
 
  $ 13,500,000
 
  $ 1,680.75  
Common Stock, underlying warrants (3)
    2,250,000
 
  $ 4.73  
  $ 10,642,500  
  $ 1,325.00  
Common Stock, underlying placement agent warrants (3)(4)
    135,000
 
  $ 4.73
 
  $ 638,550  
  $ 79.50  
Total
    4,635,000  
       
  $ 24,781,050  
  $ 3,085.25  
 
(1)  
 
The securities registered hereunder also include the shares of common stock as may be issued upon exercise of warrants registered hereby.
 
(2)  
Estimated solely for the purpose of calculating the amount of the registration fee in accordance with Rule 457(a) under the Securities Act, using a bona fide estimate of the maximum offering price.
 
(3)  
 
Pursuant to Rule 416 under the Securities Act, there are also being registered such additional securities as may be issued to prevent dilution resulting from share splits, share dividends or similar transactions.
 
(4)  
 
The warrants and the placement agent warrants are exercisable at 110% of the closing price of the registrant’s common stock on the OTCQB on the date that the registrant first enters into a securities purchase agreement for this offering.  The registrant has calculated the exercise price for purposes of the registration fee in accordance with Rule 457(c) of the Securities Act as $4.73, which is 110% of the closing price of $4.30 for the registrant’s common stock on the OTCQB on January 5, 2018.
 
THE REGISTRANT HEREBY AMENDS THIS REGISTRATION STATEMENT ON SUCH DATE OR DATES AS MAY BE NECESSARY TO DELAY ITS EFFECTIVE DATE UNTIL THE REGISTRANT SHALL FILE A FURTHER AMENDMENT WHICH SPECIFICALLY STATES THAT THIS REGISTRATION STATEMENT SHALL THEREAFTER BECOME EFFECTIVE IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION 8(A) OF THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933 OR UNTIL THE REGISTRATION STATEMENT SHALL BECOME EFFECTIVE ON SUCH DATE AS THE COMMISSION, ACTING PURSUANT TO SAID SECTION 8(A), MAY DETERMINE.
 
 
 
 
 
 
The information in this prospectus is not complete and may be changed. These securities may not be resold until the registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is effective. This prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities, and it is not soliciting offers to buy these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted.
 
Subject to Completion
Preliminary Prospectus dated January 10, 2018
 
PROSPECTUS
2,250,000 Shares of Common Stock
 
2,250,000 Warrants to Purchase Shares of Common Stock
 
We are offering 2,250,000 shares of our common stock and 2,250,000 warrants to purchase a share of our common stock. Each share of common stock is being sold together with a warrant to purchase up to one share of our common stock on a best-efforts, any-or-all basis, at a combined offering price between $4.00 and $6.00 per share of common stock and accompanying one warrant as determined by arm's-length negotiations between the purchaser and us. The shares and warrants can only be purchased together in this offering but will be issued separately and will be immediately separable upon issuance.
 
Each warrant is exercisable to purchase one share of common stock for a period of five years from their date of issuance. Each warrant will have an initial exercise price per share that is 110% of the closing price per share on the OTCQB on the date that we first enter into a securities purchase agreement for this offering . This prospectus also covers the shares of common stock issuable from time to time upon exercise of the warrants.
 
We have not made any arrangements to place funds raised in this offering in an escrow, trust or similar account. Any investor who purchases securities in this offering will have no assurance that other purchasers will invest in this offering. Accordingly, if we file for bankruptcy protection or a petition for insolvency bankruptcy is filed by creditors against us, your funds will become part of the bankruptcy estate and administered according to the bankruptcy laws.
 
This offering may be closed without further notice to you. We have not arranged to place the funds from investors in an escrow, trust or similar account.
 
Our common stock is listed on the OTCQB under the symbol “QBIO.” On January 5, 2018, the last reported sale price of our common stock on the OTCQB was $ 4.30.
 
There is no established trading market for the warrants, and we do not expect an active trading market to develop. In addition, we do not intend to list the warrants on any securities exchange or other trading market. Without an active trading market, the liquidity of the warrants will be limited, if not non-existent.
 
Investing in our securities involves risks. You should review carefully the risks and uncertainties described under the heading “ Risk Factors ” on page 1.
 
Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
 
 
 
100% of Offering
50% of Offering
25% of Offering
 
Per Share (1)
Total
Per Share (1)
Total
Per Share (1)
Total
Public offering price
$5.00
$11,250,000
$5.00
$5,625,000
$5.00
$2,812,500
Placement agents’ fees (2)(3)
$0.40
$900,000
  $0.40
$450,000
$0.40
$225,000
Proceeds to us, before expenses
$4.60
$10,350,000
$4.60
$5,175,000
$4.60
$2,587,500
 
    (1 )
Assuming a public offering price of $5.00, the midpoint of the price range set forth above.
    (2 )
In addition, we will reimburse certain expenses of the placement agents in connection with this offering. See “Plan of Distribution” of this prospectus for more information regarding the compensation arrangements with the placement agents.
     (3)
Does not include the placement agent warrants
 
We have engaged Roth Capital Partners, LLC to act as our lead placement agent and Brookline Capital Markets LLC to act as co-lead placement agent in connection with this offering. The placement agents are “underwriters” within the meaning of Section 2(a)(11) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. The placement agents may engage one or more sub-placement agents or selected dealers to assist with this offering. The placement agents are not purchasing the securities offered by us, nor are they required to sell any specific number or dollar amount of securities, but will assist us in this offering on a commercially reasonable “best efforts” basis. There are no arrangements to place the funds raised in this offering in an escrow, trust or similar account. We have agreed to pay the placement agents a cash fee equal to 8% of the gross proceeds of this offering and to issue to the placement agents, or their designees, a warrant to purchase that number of our common stock equal to 6% of the common stock issued or issuable in the offering (excluding shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of any warrants issued to investors in the Offering). The cash and warrant fee mentioned above is to be halved for certain investments made by parties introduced by us. We have also agreed to reimburse the placement agents for their reasonable out-of-pocket legal and other expenses up to $50,000. We estimate that the total other expenses of this offering, excluding the placement agents’ fees, will be approximately $75,000. Because there is no minimum offering amount required as a condition to closing in this offering, the actual public offering amount, placement agents’ fees, and proceeds to us, if any, are not presently determinable and may be substantially less than the total maximum offering amounts set forth above. See “Plan of Distribution” of this prospectus for more information on this offering and the placement agents’ arrangements. All costs associated with the registration will be borne by us.
 
Delivery of the securities offered hereby is expected to be made on or about             , 2018, subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions.
 
 
Lead Placement Agent
Roth Capital Partners
Co-Lead Placement Agent
Brookline Capital Markets
 
The date of this prospectus is            , 2018
 
 
 
 
Table of Contents
 
 
 
 
 
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i
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P ROSPECTUS SUMMARY
 
This summary highlights selected information contained elsewhere in this prospectus.  This summary does not contain all the information that you should consider before investing in the common stock. Before making an investment decision, you should carefully read the entire prospectus. In particular, attention should be directed to the sections entitled “Risk Factors”, “Business”, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and the financial statements and related notes thereto contained herein.
 
Business Overview
 
We are a biotechnology acceleration and development company focused on acquiring and in-licensing pre-clinical, clinical-stage and approved life sciences therapeutic products. Currently, we have a portfolio of four therapeutic products, including an FDA approved product, Strontium 89, a radiopharmaceutical for metastatic cancer bone pain, and three development stage products: QBM-001 for rare pediatric non-verbal autism spectrum disorder, Uttroside-B for liver cancer, and MAN 01 for glaucoma. Our Strontium 89 is the only generic form of Metastron (Strontium-89 Chloride injection) approved by the FDA. We aim to maximize risk-adjusted returns by focusing on multiple assets throughout the discovery and development cycle. We expect to benefit from early positioning in illiquid and/or less well known privately-held assets, thereby enabling us to capitalize on valuation growth as these assets move forward in their development.
 
Our mission is to:
 
(i)
license and acquire pre-commercial innovative life sciences assets in different stages of development and therapeutic areas from academia or small private companies;
 
(ii)
license and acquire FDA approved drugs and medical devices with limited current and commercial activity; and
 
(iii)
accelerate and advance our assets to the next value inflection point by providing strategic capital, business development and financial advice and experienced sector specific advisors.
 
In 2018, we plan: (i) to generate revenue from our Strontium 89 product for pain palliation in bone metastases as well as commence a therapeutic expansion post-marketing phase 4 trial for this product; and (ii) to commence a phase 2/3 pivotal trial with our QBM-001 asset to address a non-verbal learning disorder in autistic children. In 2019, we plan to file investigational new drug applications, or INDs, with FDA for each of our Uttroside-B and MAN 01 assets for the treatment of liver cancer and glaucoma, respectively.
 
Following is a summary of our product pipeline.
 
 
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Strontium 89
 
Strontium 89 is an FDA approved generic drug for pain palliation in bone metastases, primarily from breast, prostate and lung cancers. Our product is the only FDA approved generic version of this radiopharmaceutical and is reimbursable by Medicare and other healthcare insurance payors. Strontium 89 is a pure beta emitting radiopharmaceutical. It is a chemical analog of calcium and for this reason, localizes in bone. There is a significant concentration of both calcium and strontium analogs at the site of active osteoblastic activity. This is the biochemical basis for its use in treating metastatic bone disease.
 
Strontium 89 shows prolonged retention in metastatic bone lesions with a biological half-life of over 50 days, remaining up to 100 days after injection of the radiopharmaceutical, whereas the half-life in normal bone tissue is approximately 14 days. Strontium-89 has been shown to decrease pain in patients with osteoblastic metastases resulting from prostate cancer. When Strontium-89 Chloride is used, pain palliation occurs in up to 80% of patients within 2 to 3 weeks after administration and lasts from 3 to 12 months with an average of about 6 months.
 
In the United States, of the estimated 450,000 individuals newly diagnosed with either breast or prostate cancer, one in three will develop bone metastases, a common cause of pain in cancer patients. These figures are expected to increase as the potential patient population ages.
 
Strontium 89 is a non-opioid drug for the treatment of debilitating metastatic cancer pain in the bone. We believe there is a significant opportunity to market this effective drug as practitioners and caregivers are being encouraged to reexamine their use of opiates for treating patients in pain. We estimate the palliation market to be approximately $300 million annually. Additional therapeutic indications for Strontium 89 are possible, and we intend to pursue those in 2018, hopefully resulting in entry into a multi-billion dollar therapeutic area.
 
QBM 001
 
Causes of non-verbal learning disorder have been linked to several complications that range from a specific mutated gene as with Fragile X Syndrome and Dravet Syndrome or autoimmunity, where the body’s immune system is attacking parts of the brain. Trauma, microbial infections and environmental factors have also been linked to non-verbal learning disorder. Ongoing research is helping to further explain the root cause of why children become non-verbal or minimally verbal.
 
Children born into families where there is a genetic history of autism or epileptic spectrum disorders or that have a sibling that has been diagnosed with an autistic or epileptic spectrum disorder have a much higher chance of becoming non-verbal.
 
More than 60,000 US children develop Autism Spectrum Disorders (“ASD”) every year, of whom 20,000 become non-verbal. A similar number of children with ASD symptoms in Europe develop pediatric non-verbal disorder each year. No drugs are currently available to ameliorate this condition. In the United States, of the estimated 20,000 who become non- or minimally verbal and will require assisted living for the rest of their life. The lifetime cost of that care is estimated at $10 million per person.
 
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Cognitive intervention is the only form for treatment that has shown to help improve speech capability and social interaction; however, it has not been able to alleviate the lifetime burden of $10 million per person for cost of care.   This is compounded by an additional $10 million during the lifespan of the person due to loss in productivity in addition to severe emotional strain for the child and the parents.
 
We are developing QBM-001 to be administered to high-risk genetically identified children during the second year of life to regulate faulty membrane channels that are known to cause migraines and/or seizures. This drug acts as an allosteric regulator of these faulty channels in the brain to potentially alleviate the condition and allow toddlers to actively develop language and speech and avoid life-long speech and intellectual disability of being non-verbal.
 
As there are no treatment options for these patients, we believe there is a significant economic opportunity to bring a drug to market in this indication. The active ingredient in QBM-001 is well known and has been approved by worldwide regulators for many years. Using a novel delivery and formulation for the active ingredient, we intend to advance this drug through the 505(b)(2) pathway in a single phase 2/3 clinical trial that we intend to commence in 2018.
 
UTTROSIDE-B
 
The liver is the football-sized organ in the upper right area of the belly. Symptoms of liver cancer are uncommon in the early stages. Liver cancer treatments vary, but may include removal of part of the liver, liver transplant, chemotherapy, and in some cases radiation. Primary liver cancer (hepatocellular carcinoma) tends to occur in livers damaged by birth defects, alcohol abuse, or chronic infection with diseases such as hepatitis B and C, hemochromatosis (a hereditary disease associated with too much iron in the liver), and cirrhosis. In the United States, the average age at onset of liver cancer is 63 years. Men are more likely to develop liver cancer than women, by a ratio of 2 to 1.
 
The only currently marketed drug is a tryosine kinase inhibitor antineoplastic agent, sorafinib. Current sales of sorafinib are estimated at $1 billion per year.
 
Uttroside-B appears to affect phosphorylated JNK (pro survival signaling) and capcase activity (apoptosis in liver cancer). It is a natural compound fractionated Saponin derived from the Solarim Nigrum plant. It is a small molecule that showed in early investigation to increase the cytotoxicity of a variety of liver cancer cell types and importantly to be up to ten times more potent than Sorafenib in pre-clinical studies. This potency motivates us to work with our partners to synthesize the molecule and move into a clinical program. We expect to initiate clinical work in late 2018.
 
MAN 01
 
We are developing MAN 01 as a first-in-class therapeutic eye-drop for the treatment of Primary Open Angle Glaucoma.
 
MAN 01 targets the Schlemm's canal and its role in regulating interocular eye pressure, one of the leading causes of glaucoma. No other glaucoma company is targeting the Schlemm's canal, the main drainage pathway in the eye. This unique vessel is responsible for 70-90% of the fluid drainage in the eye. MAN 01 is currently in the lead optimization stage of its pre-clinical testing. We plan to initiate IND enabling studies is 2018 and file an IND in 2019.
 
We believe that a deep pipeline of novel therapeutics can be developed from this research platform, which would treat a spectrum of vascular diseases including cystic kidney disease, pediatric glaucoma and inflammation.
 
Recently, a number of significant deals and announcements have been made in the ophthalmology space. Aerie Pharmaceuticals, Inc. announced successful efficacy data from its first phase III registration study, Mercury 1, on Roclatan. Roclatan (once daily) is being evaluated for its ability of lowering intraocular pressure, or IOP, in patients with glaucoma or ocular hypertension. The success of this Aerie trial is an indication of the importance of this market, and the acute need for novel drugs to treat the over 60 million sufferers of this disease. In addition, in October 2015, Allergan plc, a leading global pharmaceutical company, acquired AqueSys, Inc. a private clinical stage medical device company focused on developing ocular implants that reduce IOP associated with glaucoma, in an all-cash transaction for a $300 million upfront payment and regulatory approval and commercialization milestone payments related to AqueSys' lead development programs.
 
Corporate Information
 
Our principal executive offices are located at 501 Madison Avenue, 14 th Floor, New York, NY 10022, and our telephone number is (212) 588-0022.
 
 
iv
 
 
 
 
 

 
 
The Offering  
 
 
 
       
 
 
 
Securities offered
2,250,000 shares and 2,250,000 warrants.
 
 
 
Common stock outstanding immediately before the Offering:
12,206,409 shares as of January 4, 2018
 
 
 
Common stock outstanding immediately after the Offering:
If we sell 100% of the shares offered hereby, 14,456,409 shares will be outstanding and, assuming the purchasers exercise the warrants and no additional shares are issued prior to completion of their exercise, 16,706,409 shares will be outstanding.
 
If we sell 50% of the shares offered hereby, 13,331,409 shares will be outstanding and, assuming the purchasers exercise the warrants and no additional shares are issued prior to completion of their exercise, 14,456,409 shares will be outstanding.
 
If we sell 25% of the shares offered hereby, 12,768,909 s hares will be outstanding and, assuming the purchasers exercise the warrants and no additional shares are issued prior to completion of their exercise, 13,331,409 shares will be outstanding.
 
 
 
Leak-out agreement:
Until the earlier of (i)           , 2018 and (ii) the fifth consecutive trading day during which the VWAP (as defined in the warrants) for each such trading day during such period is equal to or exceeds $          per share, each investor either alone or together with its affiliates, in this offering will be limited to selling no more than       % of the daily trading volume of the common stock on such trading day, including shares of common stock or shares of common stock underlying any convertible securities (including any shares of common stock acquirable upon exercise of purchased warrants).              
     
 
 
Use of Proceeds:
The proceeds that we receive in this offering depends on the public offering price and the number of shares that we sell hereunder. Assuming a public offering price of $ 5.00 per share ( the midpoint of the price range set forth on the cover of this preliminary prospectus ) and a fter estimated placement agents ’ fees and estimated offering expenses payable by us, we will receive net proceeds of:
 
  $ 10,255,000 if we sell 100% of the shares;
 
  $ 5,050,000 if we sell 50% of the shares; and
 
  $ 2,462,500 if we sell 25% of the shares.
 
We intend to use the proceeds from the sale of the shares for, in our current order of importance, (i) general corporate purposes, (ii) initiating commercial production and sales of Strontium89 Chloride (“SR89”), an FDA approved generic drug for the treatment of pain associated with metastatic bone cancer, (iii) progressing the pre-IND work on, and IND submission of, QBM001 for the treatment of young children with a rare autistic spectrum disorder causing them to lose the ability to speak, (iv) protocol design and regulatory submission for a post marketing Phase IV clinical trial to expand the therapeutic indication for SR89, and (v) IND enabling studies for both Uttroside-B (Liver cancer drug) and MAN01 for the treatment of open angle glaucoma.
 
If all of the warrants are exercised as issued in a 100% offering, we will receive additional gross proceeds of $ 12,375,000, and we will receive gross proceeds of $ 742,500 if the placements agents’ warrants are exercised assuming an offering price of $5.00 per share (the midpoint of the price range set forth on the cover of this preliminary prospectus). We intend to use any such proceeds for general corporate and working capital or other purposes that our Board of Directors deems to be in our best interest.  As of the date of this prospectus, we cannot specify with certainty the particular uses for the net proceeds we may receive upon exercise of the warrants.  Accordingly, we will retain broad discretion over the use of these proceeds, if any.
 
 
 
Quotation of common stock:
Our common stock is listed for quotation on the OTCQB market under the symbol “QBIO.”
 
 
 
Dividend policy:
We currently intend to retain future earnings, if any, to fund the development and growth of our business. Therefore, we do not currently anticipate paying cash dividends on our common stock.
 
 
 
Risk factors:
An investment in our company is highly speculative and involves a significant degree of risk. See “Risk Factors” and other information included in this prospectus for a discussion of factors you should carefully consider before deciding to invest in shares of our common stock.
 
 
 
OTCQB Ticker
QBIO
 
 
 
 
v
       
 
 
 
 
 
R ISK FACTORS
 
Investing in our securities involves a high degree of risk. You should carefully consider and evaluate all of the information included and incorporated by reference or deemed to be incorporated by reference in this prospectus. Our business, results of operations or financial condition could be adversely affected by any of these risks or by additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently consider immaterial.
 
Risks Related to our Company
 
If we do not obtain additional financing, our business may be at risk or execution of our business plan may be delayed.
 
As of the date hereof, we have raised our operating funds through contacts, high net-worth individuals and strategic investors situated in the United States and Cayman Islands. We have not generated any revenue from operations since inception. We have limited assets upon which to commence our business operations and to rely otherwise.  At August 31, 2017, we had cash and cash equivalents of approximately $2.5 million. As we have a monthly burn rate of approximately $500,000, we anticipate that we will have to raise additional funds within twelve months or curtail or discontinue operations if we do not receive net proceeds of approximately $5,000,000 in this offering, which would mean that we would have to sell at least 44.4% of the shares offered hereby at the assumed offering price of $5.00 ( the midpoint of the price range set forth on the cover of this preliminary prospectus ) and not taking into account the placement agents’ commission and offering expenses . Additional funding will be needed to implement our business plan that includes various expenses such as fulfilling our obligations under licensing agreements, legal, operational set-up, general and administrative, marketing, employee salaries and other related start-up expenses. Obtaining additional funding will be subject to a number of factors, including general market conditions, investor acceptance of our business plan and results from our business operations. These factors may impact the timing, amount, terms or conditions of additional financing available to us. If we are unable to raise sufficient funds, we will be forced to scale back or cease our operations.
 
Our independent registered public accountant has issued a going concern opinion after auditing our financial statements; our ability to continue depends on our ability to raise additional capital and our operations could be curtailed if we are unable to obtain required additional funding when needed.
 
We will be required to expend substantial amounts of working capital in order to acquire and market our proposed products and establish the necessary relationships to implement our business plan. We were incorporated on November 22, 2013. Our operations to date were funded entirely by capital raised from our private offering of securities. We will continue to require additional financing to execute our business strategy.  We completely depend on external sources of financing for the foreseeable future. Failure to raise additional funds in the future will adversely affect our business operations and may require us to suspend our operations, which in turn may result in a loss to the purchasers of our common stock. We entirely depend on our ability to attract and receive additional funding from either the sale of securities or the issuance of debt securities. Needed funds might never be available to us on acceptable terms or at all. The inability to obtain sufficient funding of our operations in the future could restrict our ability to grow and reduce our ability to continue to conduct business operations. The report of our independent registered public accounting firm on our financial statements, included herein, raised substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern. Our ability to continue as a going concern depends on our ability to raise additional capital. If we are unable to obtain necessary financing, we will likely be required to curtail our development plans which could cause us to become dormant. Any additional equity financing may involve substantial dilution to our then existing stockholders.
 
Our business relies on intellectual property owned by third parties, and this reliance exposes us to the termination of the right to use that intellectual property and may result in inadvertent infringement of patents and proprietary rights of others.
 
Currently, we have four assets. Our business depends on:
 
● 
our ability to continuously use the technology related to an eye drop treatment for glaucoma, our Mannin platform, that we have licensed from Mannin Research Inc.,
 
● 
our ability to continuously use our intellectual property relating to generic Strontium Chloride-89, our BioNucleonics platform, that we have licensed from Bio-Nucleonics, Inc.,
 
● 
our ability to continuously use our intellectual property relating to a rare pediatric condition (nonverbal disorder), our ASDERA platform, that we have licensed from ASDERA LLC and
 
● 
our ability to continuously use our intellectual property relating to a chemical compound derived from the plant  Solanum nigrum Linn, also known as Black Nightshade or Makoi, that we seek to use to create a  chemotherapeutic agent against liver cancer, our u ttroside p latform, and that we have licensed from the Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, an autonomous research institute under the Government of India, known as RGCB, and the Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, or the OMRF.
 
1
 
 
 
 
 
If the licenses were to terminate, we would lose the ability to conduct our business pursuant to our plan of operations.  Our ability to pursue our business plan would then depend on finding alternative platforms to license.  We may not be able to find an attractive platform on a timely and cost effective basis, and even if we did, such platform might be inferior to the ones we currently have a license to use and may not be attractive to potential customers.
 
Many entities, including some of our competitors, have or may obtain patents and other intellectual property rights that cover or affect products or services related to those assets that we license.  If a court determines that one or more aspect of the licensed platform infringes on intellectual property owned by others, we may be required to cease using that platform, to obtain licenses from the owners of the intellectual property or to redesign the platform in such a way as to avoid infringing the intellectual property rights. If a third party holds intellectual property rights, it may not allow us to use its intellectual property at any price, which could materially adversely affect our competitive position.
 
The Mannin platform, BioNucleonics platform, the ASDERA platform and the Uttroside platform may potentially infringe other intellectual property rights. U.S. patent applications are generally confidential until the Patent and Trademark Office issues a patent. Therefore, we cannot evaluate the extent to which the licensed platform may infringe claims contained in pending patent applications. Further, without lengthy litigation, it is often not possible to determine definitively whether a claim of infringement is valid.  We may not be in a position to protect the intellectual property that we license as we are not the owners of that intellectual property and do not currently have the financial resources to engage in lengthy litigation.
 
Failure to maintain the license for, or to acquire, the intellectual property underlying any license or sublicense on which our plan of operations is based may force us to change our plan of operations.
 
We have to meet certain conditions to maintain the licenses for the intellectual property underlying the Mannin platform, the BioNucleonics platform, the ASDERA platform and the Uttroside platform and to acquire such intellectual property. Such conditions include payments of cash and shares of common stock, obtaining certain governmental approvals, initiating sales of products based on the intellectual property and other matters. We might not have the resources to meet these conditions and as a result may lose the licenses to the intellectual property that is vital to our business.
 
We lack an operating history and have not generated any revenues to date. Future operations might never result in revenues. If we cannot generate sufficient revenues to operate profitably, we may have to cease operations.
 
As we were incorporated on November 22, 2013 and more recently changed business direction, we do not have sufficient operating history upon which an evaluation of our future success or failure can be made. Our ability to achieve and maintain profitability and positive cash flow depends upon our ability to manufacture a product and to earn profit by attracting enough customers who will buy our product or services.  We might never generate revenues or, if we generate revenues, achieve profitability. Failure to generate revenues and profit will eventually cause us to suspend, curtail or cease operations.
 
We may be exposed to potential risks and significant expenses resulting from the requirements under section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
 
We are required, pursuant to Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, to include in our annual report our assessment of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting. We expect to incur significant continuing costs, including accounting fees and staffing costs, in order to maintain compliance with the internal control requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. Our management concluded that our internal controls and procedures were not effective to detect the inappropriate application of US GAAP for our most recent fiscal year. As we develop our business, hire employees and consultants and seek to protect our intellectual property rights, our current design for internal control over financial reporting must be strengthened to enable management to determine that our internal controls are effective for any period, or on an ongoing basis.  Accordingly, as we develop our business, such development and growth will necessitate changes to our internal control systems, processes and information systems, all of which will require additional costs and expenses.
  
In the future, if we fail to complete the annual Section 404 evaluation in a timely manner, we could be subject to regulatory scrutiny and a loss of public confidence in our internal controls. In addition, any failure to implement required new or improved controls, or difficulties encountered in their implementation, could harm our operating results or cause us to fail to meet our reporting obligations.
 
Limited oversight of our management may lead to corporate conflicts.
 
We have only two directors who are also officers. Accordingly, we cannot establish board committees comprised of independent members to oversee functions like compensation or audit issues. In addition, since we only have two directors, they have significant control over all corporate issues.

Because we are not subject to compliance with rules requiring the adoption of certain corporate governance measures, our shareholders have limited protections against interested director transactions, conflicts of interest and similar matters.  The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, as well as rules enacted by the SEC, the New York Stock Exchange and the Nasdaq Stock Market, requires the implementation of various measures relating to corporate governance. These measures are designed to enhance the integrity of corporate management and the securities markets and apply to securities which are listed on the New York Stock Exchanges or the Nasdaq Stock Market. Because we are not presently required to comply with many of the corporate governance provisions, we have not yet adopted these measures and, currently, would not be able to comply with such corporate governance provisions. We do not have an audit or compensation committee comprised of independent directors. Our two directors perform these functions and are not independent directors. Thus, there is a potential conflict in that our directors are also engaged in management and participate in decisions concerning management compensation and audit issues that may affect management performance.

Until we have a larger board of directors that would include some independent members, if ever, there will be limited oversight of our directors’ decisions and activities and little ability for minority shareholders to challenge or reverse those activities and decisions, even if they are not in the best interests of minority shareholders.

Additionally, these two directors beneficially own approximately 37% of our common stock. Although it is possible for them to be outvoted by the remaining shareholders at a general or special meeting if the two directors voted together, the size of their shareholdings and the absence of any other person beneficially owning more than 10% of our common stock would make this a difficult undertaking.
 
 
2
 
 
 
 
 
Because the results of preclinical studies and early clinical trials are not necessarily predictive of future results, any product candidate we advance into clinical trials may not have favorable results in later clinical trials, if any, or receive regulatory approval.
 
Pharmaceutical development has inherent risk. We will be required to demonstrate through well-controlled clinical trials for our product candidates for our Mannin platform, the ASDERA platform and the Uttroside platform and any additional uses based on the BioNucleonics platform that our product candidates are effective with a favorable benefit-risk profile for use in their target indications before we can seek regulatory approvals for their commercial sale. Success in early clinical trials does not mean that later clinical trials will be successful as product candidates in later-stage clinical trials may fail to demonstrate sufficient safety or efficacy despite having progressed through initial clinical testing. We also may need to conduct additional clinical trials that are not currently anticipated. Companies frequently suffer significant setbacks in advanced clinical trials, even after earlier clinical trials have shown promising results. In addition, only a small percentage of drugs under development result in the submission of a New Drug Application or Biologics License Application, known as BLA, to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration and even fewer are approved for commercialization.
 
Any product candidates we advance into clinical development are subject to extensive regulation, which can be costly and time consuming, cause unanticipated delays or prevent the receipt of the required approvals to commercialize our product candidates.
 
The clinical development, manufacturing, labeling, storage, record-keeping, advertising, promotion, import, export, marketing and distribution of our product candidates are subject to extensive regulation by the FDA in the United States and by comparable health authorities in foreign markets. In the United States, we are not permitted to market our product candidates until we receive approval of a BLA from the FDA. The process of obtaining BLA approval is expensive, often takes many years and can vary substantially based upon the type, complexity and novelty of the products involved. In addition to the significant clinical testing requirements, our ability to obtain marketing approval for these products depends on obtaining the final results of required non-clinical testing, including characterization of the manufactured components of our product candidates and validation of our manufacturing processes. The FDA may determine that our product manufacturing processes, testing procedures or facilities are insufficient to justify approval. Approval policies or regulations may change and the FDA has substantial discretion in the pharmaceutical approval process, including the ability to delay, limit or deny approval of a product candidate for many reasons. Despite the time and expense invested in clinical development of product candidates, regulatory approval is never guaranteed.
 
The FDA or another regulatory agency can delay, limit or deny approval of a product candidate for many reasons, including, but not limited to:
 
 
 
the FDA or comparable foreign regulatory authorities may disagree with the design or implementation of our clinical trials;
 
 
 
 
  
 
we may be unable to demonstrate to the satisfaction of the FDA that a product candidate is safe and effective for any indication;
 
 
 
 
  
 
the FDA may not accept clinical data from trials which are conducted by individual investigators or in countries where the standard of care is potentially different from the United States;
 
 
 
 
 
 
T the results of clinical trials may not meet the level of statistical significance required by the FDA for approval;
 
 
 
 
 
 
we may be unable to demonstrate that a product candidate’s clinical and other benefits outweigh its safety risks;
 
 
 
 
 
 
the FDA may disagree with our interpretation of data from preclinical studies or clinical trials;
 
 
 
 
  
 
the FDA may fail to approve our manufacturing processes or facilities or those of third-party manufacturers with which we or our collaborators contract for clinical and commercial supplies; or
 
 
 
 
  
 
the approval policies or regulations of the FDA may significantly change in a manner rendering our clinical data insufficient for approval.
 
With respect to foreign markets, approval procedures vary among countries and, in addition to the aforementioned risks, can involve additional product testing, administrative review periods and agreements with pricing authorities. In addition, recent events raising questions about the safety of certain marketed pharmaceuticals may result in increased cautiousness by the FDA and comparable foreign regulatory authorities in reviewing new pharmaceuticals based on safety, efficacy or other regulatory considerations and may result in significant delays in obtaining regulatory approvals. Any delay in obtaining, or inability to obtain, applicable regulatory approvals would prevent us from commercializing our product candidates.
 
3
 
 
 
 
 
Any product candidate we manufacture or advance into clinical trials may cause unacceptable adverse events or have other properties that may delay or prevent their regulatory approval or commercialization or limit their commercial potential.
 
Unacceptable adverse events caused by any of our product candidates that we manufacture or advance into clinical trials could cause us or regulatory authorities to interrupt, delay or halt production or clinical trials and could result in the denial of regulatory approval by the FDA or other regulatory authorities for any or all targeted indications and markets. This, in turn, could prevent us from commercializing the affected product candidate and generating revenues from its sale.
 
Except for our Strontium Chloride 89, known as SR89, product candidate, we have not yet completed testing of any of our product candidates for the treatment of the indications for which we intend to seek product approval in humans, and we currently do not know the extent of adverse events, if any, that will be observed in patients who receive any of our product candidates. If any of our product candidates cause unacceptable adverse events in clinical trials, we may not be able to obtain regulatory approval or commercialize such product or, if such product candidate is approved for marketing, future adverse events could cause us to withdraw such product from the market.
 
Delays in the commencement of our clinical trials could result in increased costs and delay our ability to pursue regulatory approval.
 
The commencement of clinical trials can be delayed for a variety of reasons, including delays in:
 
 
 
obtaining regulatory clearance to commence a clinical trial;
 
 
 
 
 
 
identifying, recruiting and training suitable clinical investigators;
 
 
 
 
  
 
reaching agreement on acceptable terms with prospective clinical research organizations, or CROs, and trial sites, the terms of which can be subject to extensive negotiation, may be subject to modification from time to time and may vary significantly among different CROs and trial sites;
 
 
 
 
  
 
obtaining sufficient quantities of a product candidate for use in clinical trials;
 
 
 
 
  
 
obtaining Investigator Review Board, or IRB, or ethics committee approval to conduct a clinical trial at a prospective site;
 
 
 
 
  
 
identifying, recruiting and enrolling patients to participate in a clinical trial; and
 
 
 
 
  
 
retaining patients who have initiated a clinical trial but may withdraw due to adverse events from the therapy, insufficient efficacy, fatigue with the clinical trial process or personal issues.
 
Any delays in the commencement of our clinical trials will delay our ability to pursue regulatory approval for our product candidates. In addition, many of the factors that cause, or lead to, a delay in the commencement of clinical trials may also ultimately lead to the denial of regulatory approval of a product candidate.
 
Suspensions or delays in the completion of clinical testing could result in increased costs to us and delay or prevent our ability to complete development of that product or generate product revenues.
 
Once a clinical trial has begun, patient recruitment and enrollment may be slower than we anticipate. Clinical trials may also be delayed as a result of ambiguous or negative interim results or difficulties in obtaining sufficient quantities of product manufactured in accordance with regulatory requirements and on a timely basis. Further, a clinical trial may be modified, suspended or terminated by us, an IRB, an ethics committee or a data safety monitoring committee overseeing the clinical trial, any clinical trial site with respect to that site, or the FDA or other regulatory authorities due to a number of factors, including:
 
 
 
failure to conduct the clinical trial in accordance with regulatory requirements or our clinical protocols;
 
 
 
 
  
 
inspection of the clinical trial operations or clinical trial sites by the FDA or other regulatory authorities resulting in the imposition of a clinical hold;
 
 
 
 
  
 
stopping rules contained in the protocol;
 
 
 
 
  
 
unforeseen safety issues or any determination that the clinical trial presents unacceptable health risks; and
 
 
 
 
  
 
lack of adequate funding to continue the clinical trial.
 
Changes in regulatory requirements and guidance also may occur, and we may need to amend clinical trial protocols to reflect these changes. Amendments may require us to resubmit our clinical trial protocols to IRBs for re-examination, which may impact the costs, timing and the likelihood of a successful completion of a clinical trial. If we experience delays in the completion of, or if we must suspend or terminate, any clinical trial of any product candidate, our ability to obtain regulatory approval for that product candidate will be delayed and the commercial prospects, if any, for the product candidate may suffer as a result. In addition, any of these factors may also ultimately lead to the denial of regulatory approval of a product candidate.
 
4
 
 
 
 
 
Our product candidates (if approved) or any other product candidates that we may develop and market may be later withdrawn from the market or subject to promotional limitations.
 
We may not be able to obtain the labeling claims necessary or desirable for the promotion of our product candidates if approved. We may also be required to undertake post-marketing clinical trials. If the results of such post-marketing studies are not satisfactory or if adverse events or other safety issues arise after approval, the FDA or a comparable regulatory agency in another country may withdraw marketing authorization or may condition continued marketing on commitments from us that may be expensive and/or time consuming to complete. In addition, if we or others identify adverse side effects after any of our products are on the market, or if manufacturing problems occur, regulatory approval may be withdrawn and reformulation of our products, additional clinical trials, changes in labeling of our products and additional marketing applications may be required. Any reformulation or labeling changes may limit the marketability of our products if approved.
 
Our dependence on third party suppliers or our inability to successfully produce any product could adversely impact our business.
 
We rely on third parties to supply us with component and materials required for the development and manufacture of our product candidates. If they fail to provide the required components or we are unable to find a partner to manufacture the necessary products, there would be a significant interruption of our supply, which would materially adversely affect clinical development and potential commercialization of the product. In the event that the FDA or such other agencies determine that we or any third-party suppliers have not complied with cGMP, our clinical trials could be terminated or subjected to a clinical hold until such time as we or any third party are able to obtain appropriate replacement material. Furthermore, if any contract manufacturers who supply us cannot successfully manufacture material that conforms to our specifications and with FDA regulatory requirements, we will not be able to secure and/or maintain FDA approval for our product candidates. We, and any third-party suppliers are and will be required to maintain compliance with cGMPs and will be subject to inspections by the FDA or comparable agencies in other jurisdictions to confirm such compliance.
 
We do and will also rely on our partners and manufacturers to purchase from third-party suppliers the materials necessary to produce our product candidates for our anticipated clinical trials. We do not have any control over the process or timing of the acquisition of raw materials by our manufacturers. Moreover, we currently do not have any agreements for the commercial production of these raw materials. Any significant delay in the supply of a product candidate or the raw material components thereof for an ongoing clinical trial could considerably delay completion of our clinical trials, product testing and potential regulatory approval of our product candidates.
 
We may not have the resources or capacity to commercially manufacture our product candidates, and we will likely continue to be dependent upon third party manufacturers. Our current inability, or our dependence on third parties, to manufacture and supply us with clinical trial materials and any approved products may adversely affect our ability to develop and commercialize our product candidates on a timely basis or at all.
 
We intend to contract with third parties either directly or through our licensors for the manufacture of our product candidates. This reliance on third parties increases the risk that we will not have sufficient quantities of our product candidates or that such supply will not be available to us at an acceptable cost, which could delay, prevent or impair our commercialization efforts.
 
We do not have any manufacturing facilities. We expect to use third-party manufacturers for the manufacture of our product candidates and have entered into contracts with manufacturers through the licensor of our radio-pharmaceutical product, SR89. Even with such contracts in place, reliance on third-party manufacturers entails additional risks, including:
 
 
 
reliance on the third party for regulatory compliance and quality assurance;
 
 
 
 
  
 
the possible breach of the manufacturing agreement by the third party;
 
 
 
 
  
 
the possible termination or nonrenewal of the agreement by the third party at a time that is costly or inconvenient for us; and
 
 
 
 
  
 
reliance on the third party for regulatory compliance, quality assurance, and safety and pharmacovigilance reporting.
 
Third-party manufacturers may not be able to comply with current good manufacturing practices, or cGMP, regulations or similar regulatory requirements outside the United States. Our failure, or the failure of our third-party manufacturers, to comply with applicable regulations could result in sanctions being imposed on us, including fines, injunctions, civil penalties, delays, suspension or withdrawal of approvals, license revocation, seizures or recalls of product candidates or medicines, operating restrictions and criminal prosecutions, any of which could significantly and adversely affect supplies of our medicines and harm our business and results of operations.
 
Any product that we may produce may compete with other product candidates and products for access to manufacturing facilities. There are a limited number of manufacturers that operate under cGMP regulations and that might be capable of manufacturing for us.
 
5
 
 
 
 
 
Any performance failure on the part of future manufacturers could result in a decrease or end to revenue. If any a contract manufacturer cannot perform as agreed, we may be required to replace that manufacturer. We may incur added costs and delays in identifying and qualifying any such replacement.
 
Our anticipated future dependence upon others for the manufacture of our product candidates may adversely affect our future profit margins and our ability to commercialize any medicines that receive marketing approval on a timely and competitive basis.
 
We will likely rely on third parties to conduct our clinical trials. If these third parties do not meet our deadlines or otherwise conduct the trials as required, our clinical development programs could be delayed or unsuccessful and we may not be able to obtain regulatory approval for or commercialize our product candidates when expected or at all.
 
We do not have the ability to conduct all aspects of our preclinical testing or clinical trials ourselves. We intend to use and do use Mannin, BioNucleonics, ASDERA, RGCB, OMRF and CROs to conduct our planned clinical trials and will and do rely upon such CROs, as well as medical institutions, clinical investigators and consultants, to conduct our trials in accordance with our clinical protocols. Our CROs, investigators and other third parties will and do play a significant role in the conduct of these trials and the subsequent collection and analysis of data from the clinical trials.
 
There is no guarantee that any CROs, investigators and other third parties upon which we rely for administration and conduct of our clinical trials will devote adequate time and resources to such trials or perform as contractually required. If any of these third parties fail to meet expected deadlines, fail to adhere to our clinical protocols or otherwise perform in a substandard manner, our clinical trials may be extended, delayed or terminated. If any of our clinical trial sites terminate for any reason, we may experience the loss of follow-up information on patients enrolled in our ongoing clinical trials unless we are able to transfer the care of those patients to another qualified clinical trial site. In addition, principal investigators for our clinical trials may serve as scientific advisors or consultants to us from time to time and receive cash or equity compensation in connection with such services. If these relationships and any related compensation result in perceived or actual conflicts of interest, the integrity of the data generated at the applicable clinical trial site may be jeopardized.
 
If our competitors develop treatments for the target indications of our product candidates that are approved more quickly, marketed more successfully or demonstrated to be more effective than our product candidates, our commercial opportunity will be reduced or eliminated.
 
We operate in highly competitive segments of the biotechnology and biopharmaceutical markets. We face competition from many different sources, including commercial pharmaceutical and biotechnology enterprises, academic institutions, government agencies, and private and public research institutions. Our product candidates, if successfully manufactured and/or developed and approved, will compete with established therapies, as well as new treatments that may be introduced by our competitors. Many of our competitors have significantly greater financial, product development, manufacturing and marketing resources than us. Large pharmaceutical companies have extensive experience in clinical testing and obtaining regulatory approval for drugs. In addition, many universities and private and public research institutes are active in cancer research, some in direct competition with us. We also may compete with these organizations to recruit management, scientists and clinical development personnel. Smaller or early-stage companies may also prove to be significant competitors, particularly through collaborative arrangements with large and established companies. New developments, including the development of other biological and pharmaceutical technologies and methods of treating disease, occur in the pharmaceutical and life sciences industries at a rapid pace. Developments by competitors may render our product candidates obsolete or noncompetitive. We will also face competition from these third parties in recruiting and retaining qualified personnel, establishing clinical trial sites and patient registration for clinical trials and in identifying and in-licensing new product candidates.
 
If competitors introduce their own generic equivalent of our SR89 product candidate, our revenues and gross margin from such products could decline rapidly.
 
Revenues and gross margin derived from generic pharmaceutical products often follow a pattern based on regulatory and competitive factors that we believe are unique to the generic pharmaceutical industry. As the patent(s) for a brand name product or the statutory marketing exclusivity period (if any) expires, the first generic manufacturer to receive regulatory approval for a generic equivalent of the product often is able to capture a substantial share of the market. However, as other generic manufacturers receive regulatory approvals for their own generic versions, that market share, and the price of that product, will typically decline depending on several factors, including the number of competitors, the price of the branded product and the pricing strategy of the new competitors. The number of our competitors producing a generic version equivalent to our SR89 product candidate could increase to such an extent that we may stop marketing our product for which we previously obtained approval, which would have a material adverse impact on our revenues, if we ever achieve revenues, and gross margin.
 
If we are unable to establish sales and marketing capabilities or fail to enter into agreements with third parties to market, distribute and sell any products we may successfully develop, we may not be able to effectively market and sell any such products and generate product revenue.
 
We do not currently have the infrastructure for the sales, marketing and distribution of any of our product candidates, and must build this infrastructure or make arrangements with third parties to perform these functions in order to commercialize any products that we may successfully develop. The establishment and development of a sales force, either by us or jointly with a partner, or the establishment of a contract sales force to market any products we may develop will be expensive and time-consuming and could delay any product launch. If we, or our partners, are unable to establish sales and marketing capability or any other non-technical capabilities necessary to commercialize any products we may successfully develop, we will need to contract with third parties to market and sell such products. We may not be able to establish arrangements with third parties on acceptable terms, or at all.
  
We may expend our limited resources to pursue a particular product candidate or indication and fail to capitalize on product candidates or indications for which there may be a greater likelihood of success.
 
Because we have limited financial and managerial resources, we will focus on a limited number of research programs and product candidates for specific indications. As a result, we may forego or delay pursuit of opportunities with other product candidates for other indications for which there may be a greater likelihood of success or may prove to have greater commercial potential. Notwithstanding our investment to date and anticipated future expenditures on MAN 01 (Mannin), Uttroside-B (OMRF), QBM001 (Asdera) and the BioNucleonics IP, we have not yet developed, and may never successfully develop, any marketed treatments using these products other than the SR89 product candidate for which there is FDA approval. Research programs to identify new product candidates or pursue alternative indications for current product candidates require substantial technical, financial and human resources. Although we intend to, and do, support certain investigator-sponsored clinical trials of MAN 01, Uttroside-B, QBM001 evaluating various indications, as well as other uses of SR89, these activities may initially show promise in identifying potential product candidates or indications, yet fail to yield product candidates or indications for further clinical development.
 
 
6
 
 
 
 
 


We depend upon the  services of our key management personnel, and the loss of their services would likely result in disruptions of our operations and have a material adverse effect on our business.
 
Our management and operations are dependent on the services of our management team, namely Mr. Denis Corin, our Chief Executive Officer and Chairman, and Mr. William Rosenstadt, our Chief Legal Officer and a Director.  We do not have employment or non-compete agreements with or maintain key-man life insurance in respect of either of these individuals.  Because of their knowledge of the industry and our operations and their experience with us, we believe that our future results depend upon their efforts, and the loss of the services of either of these individuals for any reason could result in a disruption of our operations which will likely have a material adverse effect on our business.

Other than our Chief Executive Officer, we currently do not have full-time employees, but we retain the services of independent contractors/consultants on a contract-employment basis. Our ability to manage growth effectively will require us to continue to implement and improve our management systems and to recruit and train new employees. We might not be able to successfully attract and retain skilled and experienced personnel.
 
If we fail to attract and retain key management and clinical development personnel, we may be unable to successfully develop or commercialize our product candidates.
 
We will need to expand and effectively manage our managerial, operational, financial and other resources in order to successfully pursue our clinical development and commercialization efforts. As a company with a limited number of personnel, we highly depend on the development, regulatory, commercial and financial expertise of the members of our senior management and advisors, in particular Denis Corin, our chairman and chief executive officer. The loss of this individual or the services of any of our other senior management could delay or prevent the further development and potential commercialization of our product candidates and, if we are not successful in finding suitable replacements, could harm our business. Our success also depends on our continued ability to attract, retain and motivate highly qualified management and scientific personnel and we may not be able to do so in the future due to the intense competition for qualified personnel among biotechnology and pharmaceutical companies, as well as universities and research organizations. If we are not able to attract and retain the necessary personnel, we may experience significant impediments to our ability to implement our business strategy.
 
Applicable regulatory requirements, including those contained in and issued under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, may make it difficult for us to retain or attract qualified officers and directors, which could adversely affect the management of our business and our ability to retain listing of our common stock.
 
We may be unable to attract and retain those qualified officers, directors and members of board committees required to provide for effective management because of the rules and regulations that govern publicly-held companies, including, but not limited to, certifications by principal executive officers. The enactment of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act has resulted in the issuance of a series of related rules and regulations and the strengthening of existing rules and regulations by the SEC, as well as the adoption of new and more stringent rules by the stock exchanges. The perceived increased personal risk associated with these changes may deter qualified individuals from accepting roles as directors and executive officers.
 
Further, some of these changes heighten the requirements for board or committee membership, particularly with respect to an individual’s independence from our business and level of experience in finance and accounting matters. We may have difficulty attracting and retaining directors with the requisite qualifications. If we are unable to attract and retain qualified officers and directors, the management of our business and our ability to obtain or retain listing of our shares of common stock on any stock exchange could be adversely affected.
 
We may be exposed to potential risks and significant expenses resulting from the requirements under section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
 
We are required, pursuant to Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, to include in our annual report our assessment of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting. We expect to incur significant continuing costs, including accounting fees and staffing costs, in order to maintain compliance with the internal control requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. Our management concluded that our internal controls and procedures were not effective to detect the inappropriate application of US GAAP for our most recent fiscal year. As we develop our business, hire employees and consultants and seek to protect our intellectual property rights, our current design for internal control over financial reporting must be strengthened to enable management to determine that our internal controls are effective for any period, or on an ongoing basis.  Accordingly, as we develop our business, such development and growth will necessitate changes to our internal control systems, processes and information systems, all of which will require additional costs and expenses.
 
In the future, if we fail to complete the annual Section 404 evaluation in a timely manner, we could be subject to regulatory scrutiny and a loss of public confidence in our internal controls. In addition, any failure to implement required new or improved controls, or difficulties encountered in their implementation, could harm our operating results or cause us to fail to meet our reporting obligations.
 
Because of the small size of our company, we do not have separate Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer positions, which may expose us to potential risks, including our failure to produce reliable financial reports and prevent and/or detect fraud.
 
We have not adopted a formal policy to separate or combine the positions of Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, both of which are currently held by Denis Corin who is also our acting principal financial officer.  In addition, our two employees also comprise our Board of Directors.  As such, there is no division of labor between our management and of our Board of Directors.  This structure exposes us to a number of risks, including a failure to maintain adequate internal controls, our failure to produce reliable financial reports and our failure to prevent and/or detect financial fraud.  Any such failures would adversely affect our financial condition and overall business operations.

We are required, pursuant to Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, to include in our annual report our assessment of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting. We expect to incur significant continuing costs, including accounting fees and staffing costs, in order to maintain compliance with the internal control requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. Our management concluded that our internal controls and procedures were not effective to detect the inappropriate application of US GAAP for our most recent fiscal year. As we develop our business, hire employees and consultants and seek to protect our intellectual property rights, our current design for internal control over financial reporting must be strengthened to enable management to determine that our internal controls are effective for any period, or on an ongoing basis.  Accordingly, as we develop our business, such development and growth will necessitate changes to our internal control systems, processes and information systems, all of which will require additional costs and expenses. Among other outcomes, a downturn in general economic conditions could:

increase the cost of raising, or decrease our ability to raise, additional funds; as we do not anticipate generating sufficient revenue in the next twelve months to cover our operating costs, we may need to raise additional funding to implement our business if we do not raise sufficient funds in this offering. A recession or other negative economic factors could make this more difficult or prohibitive; or

interfere with services provided by third parties; we use third parties for research purposes and intend to use third parties for the production and distribution of our generic SR89 product candidate, and a general recession or other economic conditions could jeopardize the ability of any third parties to fulfill their obligations to us;
 
In the future, if we fail to complete the annual Section 404 evaluation in a timely manner, we could be subject to regulatory scrutiny and a loss of public confidence in our internal controls. In addition, any failure to implement required new or improved controls, or difficulties encountered in their implementation, could harm our operating results or cause us to fail to meet our reporting obligations.
 
Risks Related to our Industry
 
We are subject to general economic conditions outside of our control.
 
Projects for the acquisition and development of our products are subject to many factors, which are outside our control.  These factors include general economic conditions in North America and worldwide (such as recession, inflation, unemployment, and interest rates), shortages of labor and materials and price of materials and competitive products and the regulation by federal and state governmental authorities. If any or several of these factors develop in a way that is adverse to our interest, we will not be in a position to reverse them, and we may not be able to survive such a development.
 
If any product candidate that we successfully develop does not achieve broad market acceptance among physicians, patients, healthcare payors and the medical community, the revenues that it generates from their sales will be limited.
 
Even if we successfully produce product candidates, they may not gain market acceptance among physicians, patients, healthcare payors and the medical community. Coverage and reimbursement of our product candidates by third-party payors, including government payors, generally is also necessary for commercial success. The degree of market acceptance of any approved products will depend on a number of factors, including:
 
 
 
the efficacy and safety as demonstrated in clinical trials;
 
 
 
 
  
 
the clinical indications for which the product is approved;
 
 
 
 
  
 
acceptance by physicians, major operators of hospitals and clinics and patients of the product as a safe and effective treatment;
 
 
 
 
  
 
acceptance of the product by the target population;
  
 
the potential and perceived advantages of product candidates over alternative treatments;
 
 
 
 
  
 
the safety of product candidates seen in a broader patient group, including its use outside the approved indications;
 
 
 
 
  
 
the cost of treatment in relation to alternative treatments;
 
 
 
 
 
 
the availability of adequate reimbursement and pricing by third parties and government authorities;
 
 
 
 
  
 
relative convenience and ease of administration;
 
 
 
 
  
 
the prevalence and severity of adverse events;
 
 
 
 
  
 
the effectiveness of our sales and marketing efforts; and
 
 
 
 
  
 
unfavorable publicity relating to the product.
 
If any product candidate is approved but does not achieve an adequate level of acceptance by physicians, hospitals, healthcare payors and patients, we may not generate sufficient revenue from these products and may not become or remain profitable.
 
7
 
 
 
 
 
We may incur substantial product liability or indemnification claims relating to the clinical testing and/or use of our product candidates.
 
We face an inherent risk of product liability exposure related to the testing of our product candidates in human clinical trials, as well as related to the manufacture and consumption of product candidates that we successfully commercialize. Claims could be brought against us if use or misuse of one of our product candidates causes, or merely appears to have caused, personal injury or death. While the manufacturer of our SR89 product maintains a $5 Million product liability policy, and the holder of the ANDA (BioNucleonics) are responsible for having their own coverage, we intend to obtain supplemental coverage, but do not currently have our own product liability insurance. When we initiate clinical trials, we intend to obtain the relevant coverage. As a result, such coverage may not be sufficient to cover claims that may be made against us and we may be unable to maintain such insurance. Any claims against us, regardless of their merit, could severely harm our financial condition, strain our management and other resources or destroy the prospects for commercialization of the product which is the subject of any such claim. We are unable to predict if we will be able to obtain or maintain product liability insurance for any products that may be approved for marketing. Additionally, we have entered into various agreements where we indemnify third parties for certain claims relating to our product candidates. These indemnification obligations may require us to pay significant sums of money for claims that are covered by these indemnifications.
 
Healthcare reform and restrictions on reimbursements may limit our financial returns.
 
Our ability or the ability of our collaborators to commercialize any of our product candidates that we successfully develop may depend, in part, on the extent to which government health administration authorities, private health insurers and other organizations will reimburse consumers for the cost of these products. These third parties are increasingly challenging both the need for and the price of new drug products. Significant uncertainty exists as to the reimbursement status of newly approved therapeutics. Adequate third-party reimbursement may not be available for our product candidates to enable us or our collaborators to maintain price levels sufficient to realize an appropriate return on their and our investments in research and product development. 
 
Our success depends upon intellectual property, proprietary technologies and regulatory market exclusivity periods, and the intellectual property protection for our product candidates depends significantly on third parties.
 
Our success depends, in large part, on obtaining and maintaining patent protection and trade secret protection for our product candidates and their formulations and uses, as well as successfully defending these patents against third-party challenges. The parties from which we license our intellectual property are responsible for prosecuting and maintaining patent protection relating to the intellectual property to which we have a license from that party. If any of these parties fails to appropriately prosecute and maintain patent protection for the intellectual property, our ability to develop and commercialize the respective product candidate may be adversely affected and we may not be able to prevent competitors from making, using and selling competing products. This failure to properly protect the intellectual property rights could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.
 
The patent application process is subject to numerous risks and uncertainties, and we or our partners might not be successful in protecting our product candidates by obtaining and defending patents. These risks and uncertainties include the following:
 
 
 
patent applications may not result in any patents being issued;
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
patents that may be issued or in-licensed may be challenged, invalidated, modified, revoked, circumvented, found to be unenforceable, or otherwise may not provide any competitive advantage;
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
our competitors, many of which have substantially greater resources than we or our partners and many of which have made significant investments in competing technologies, may seek, or may already have obtained, patents that will limit, interfere with, or eliminate our ability to make, use and sell our potential products;
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
there may be significant pressure on the U.S. government and other international governmental bodies to limit the scope of patent protection both inside and outside the United States for disease treatments that prove successful as a matter of public policy regarding worldwide health concerns; and
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
countries other than the United States may have patent laws less favorable to patentees than those upheld by U.S. courts, allowing foreign competitors a better opportunity to create, develop, and market competing products.
 
 
In addition to patents, we and our partners also rely on trade secrets and proprietary know-how. Although we have taken steps to protect our trade secrets and unpatented know-how, including entering into confidentiality agreements with third parties, and confidential information and inventions agreements with employees, consultants and advisors, third parties may still obtain this information or come upon this same or similar information independently.
 
8
 
 
 
 
 
We also intend to rely on our ability to obtain and maintain a regulatory period of market exclusivity for any of our biologic product candidates that are successfully developed and approved for commercialization. Although this period in the United States is currently 12 years from the date of marketing approval, there is a risk that the U.S. Congress could amend laws to significantly shorten this exclusivity period, as proposed by President Obama. Once any regulatory period of exclusivity expires, depending on the status of our patent coverage and the nature of the product, we may not be able to prevent others from marketing products that are biosimilar to or interchangeable with our products, which would materially adversely affect us.
 
In addition, U.S. patent laws may change which could prevent or limit us from filing patent applications or patent claims to protect our products and/or technologies or limit the exclusivity periods that are available to patent holders. For example, on September 16, 2011, the Leahy-Smith America Invents Act, or the America Invents Act, was signed into law, and includes a number of significant changes to U.S. patent law. These include changes to transition from a “first-to-invent” system to a “first-to-file” system and to the way issued patents are challenged. These changes may favor larger and more established companies that have more resources to devote to patent application filing and prosecution. The U.S. Patent and Trademark Office implemented the America Invents Act on March 16, 2013, and it remains to be seen how the judicial system and the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office will interpret and enforce these new laws. Accordingly, it is not clear what impact, if any, the America Invents Act will ultimately have on the cost of prosecuting our patent applications, our ability to obtain patents based on our discoveries and our ability to enforce or defend our issued patents.
 
If we or our partners are sued for infringing intellectual property rights of third parties, it will be costly and time consuming, and an unfavorable outcome in that litigation would have a material adverse effect on our business.
 
Our success also depends on our ability and the ability of any of our current or future collaborators to develop, manufacture, market and sell our product candidates without infringing the proprietary rights of third parties. Numerous U.S. and foreign issued patents and pending patent applications, which are owned by third parties, exist in the fields in which we are developing products, some of which may be directed at claims that overlap with the subject matter of our intellectual property. Because patent applications can take many years to issue, there may be currently pending applications, unknown to us, which may later result in issued patents that our product candidates or proprietary technologies may infringe. Similarly, there may be issued patents relevant to our product candidates of which we are not aware.
 
There is a substantial amount of litigation involving patent and other intellectual property rights in the biotechnology and biopharmaceutical industries generally. If a third party claims that we or any of our licensors, suppliers or collaborators infringe the third party’s intellectual property rights, we may have to:
 
 
 
obtain licenses, which may not be available on commercially reasonable terms, if at all;
 
  
 
abandon an infringing product candidate or redesign our products or processes to avoid infringement;
 
 
 
 
  
 
pay substantial damages, including the possibility of treble damages and attorneys’ fees, if a court decides that the product or proprietary technology at issue infringes on or violates the third party’s rights;
 
 
 
 
  
 
pay substantial royalties, fees and/or grant cross licenses to our technology; and/or
 
 
 
 
  
 
defend litigation or administrative proceedings which may be costly whether we win or lose, and which could result in a substantial diversion of our financial and management resources.
 
We may be involved in lawsuits to protect or enforce our patents or the patents of our licensors, which could be expensive, time consuming and unsuccessful.
 
Competitors may infringe our patents or the patents of our licensors. To counter infringement or unauthorized use, we may be required to file infringement claims, which can be expensive and time-consuming. An adverse result in any litigation or defense proceedings could put one or more of our patents at risk of being invalidated, found to be unenforceable, or interpreted narrowly and could put our patent applications at risk of not issuing. Furthermore, because of the substantial amount of discovery required in connection with intellectual property litigation, there is a risk that some of our confidential information could be compromised by disclosure during this type of litigation.
 
We may be subject to claims that our consultants or independent contractors have wrongfully used or disclosed alleged trade secrets of their other clients or former employers to us.
 
As is common in the biotechnology and pharmaceutical industry, we engage the services of consultants to assist us in the development of our product candidates. Many of these consultants were previously employed at, or may have previously been or are currently providing consulting services to, other biotechnology or pharmaceutical companies, including our competitors or potential competitors. We may become subject to claims that we or these consultants have inadvertently or otherwise used or disclosed trade secrets or other proprietary information of their former employers or their former or current customers. Litigation may be necessary to defend against these claims. Even if we are successful in defending against these claims, litigation could result in substantial costs and be a distraction to management.
 
9
 
 
 
 
 
Risks Related to our Securities and the Offering
 
You will experience immediate and substantial dilution as a result of this offering and may experience additional dilution in the future.
 
The initial combined public offering price per share and related warrant  will be substantially higher than the net tangible book value (deficit) per common share immediately prior to the offering. Based upon the assumed issuance and sale of 2,250,000 share s by us in this offering at an assumed initial combined public offering price of $5.00 per s hare ( the midpoint of the price range set forth on the cover of this preliminary prospectus ) and assuming no value is attributed to the warrant s and that such warrant s are categorized and accounted for as equity, you will incur immediate dilution of $4.292 in the net tangible book value per share. In the event that you exercise your warrant s, you will experience additional dilution to the extent that the exercise price of the warrant s is higher than the tangible book value (deficit) per common share. If outstanding options and warrants to purchase our common shares are exercised, investors will experience additional dilution. 
 
We might not sell all of the shares that we are offering.
 
The shares are being offered on a best-efforts, any or all basis. Accordingly, we might not sell all of the shares that we are offering. If we sell less than the full amount, we might not receive sufficient funds to apply to the uses set forth herein in the Section entitled “Use of Proceeds” or even to cover our expenses in conducting this offering. As there is no minimum amount required for a sale of shares, any investment that you make could be the sole funds that we receive in this offering.
 
We are filing an application to register the shares being offered under this prospectus in California on the basis of a limited offering qualification.

We will file an application to register the shares being offered under this prospectus in California on the basis of a limited offering qualification, where offers/sales could only be made to proposed issuees based on their meeting certain suitability standards as described in the offering document and that the issuer did not have to demonstrate compliance with some or all of the merit regulations of the Department of Corporations as found in Title 10, California Code of Regulations, Rule 260.140 et seq. If our application is approved, the exemptions for secondary trading available under Corporations Code §25104(h) will be withheld, but there may be other exemptions to cover private sales by the bona fide owner for his own account without advertising and without being effected by or through a broker dealer in a public offering.
 
Investors will have no rights as a shareholder with respect to their warrants until they exercise their warrants and acquire our common shares.
 
Until you acquire our common shares upon exercise of your warrant s, you will have no rights with respect to the common shares underlying such warrant s. Upon exercise of your warrant s, you will be entitled to exercise the rights of a holder of common shares only as to matters for which the record date occurs after the exercise date.
 
The warrant s do not confer any rights of common share ownership on their holders, such as voting rights or the right to receive dividends, but rather merely represent the right to acquire common shares at a fixed price for a limited period of time. Specifically, commencing on the date of issuance, holders of the warrant s may exercise their right to acquire common shares and pay an exercise price equal to 110% of the closing price per share on the OTCQB on the date that we first enter into a securities purchase agreement for this offering until five years from the date of issuance, after which date any unexercised warrant s will expire and have no further value. Moreover, following this offering, the market value of the warrant s is uncertain and there can be no assurance that the market price of the common shares will ever equal or exceed the exercise price of the warrant s, and consequently, whether it will ever be profitable for holders of the warrant s to exercise the warrant s.
 
Our shares of common stock are subject to the “penny stock” rules of the securities and exchange commission and the trading market in our securities will be limited, which will make transactions in our stock cumbersome and may reduce the value of an investment in our stock.
 
The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission has adopted rules that regulate broker-dealer practices in connection with transactions in "penny stocks.”  Penny stocks generally are equity securities with a price of less than $5 (other than securities registered on certain national securities exchanges or quoted on the NASDAQ system, provided that current price and volume information with respect to transactions in such securities is provided by the exchange or system).  Penny stock rules require a broker-dealer, prior to a transaction in a penny stock not otherwise exempt from those rules, to deliver a standardized risk disclosure document prepared by the SEC, which specifies information about penny stocks and the nature and significance of risks of the penny stock market.  A broker-dealer must also provide the customer with bid and offer quotations for the penny stock, the compensation of the broker-dealer, and sales person in the transaction, and monthly account statements indicating the market value of each penny stock held in the customer's account.  In addition, the penny stock rules require that, prior to a transaction in a penny stock not otherwise exempt from those rules, the broker-dealer must make a special written determination that the penny stock is a suitable investment for the purchaser and receive the purchaser's written agreement to the transaction.  These disclosure requirements may have the effect of reducing the trading activity in the secondary market for stock that becomes subject to those penny stock rules.  If a trading market for our common stock develops, our common stock will probably become subject to the penny stock rules, and shareholders may have difficulty in selling their shares.
 
Any additional financing may dilute existing shareholders and decrease the market price for shares of our common stock.
 
If we raise additional capital, our existing shareholders may incur substantial and immediate dilution. We estimate that we will need approximately $20,000,000 in additional funds over the next 2 years to complete our business plan. The most likely source of future funds available to us is through the sale of additional shares of common stock. Such sales might occur below market price and below the price of which existing shareholders purchased their shares.
 
10
 
 
 
 
 
Our Articles of Incorporation provide indemnification for officers, directors and employees.
 
Our governing instruments provide that officers, directors, employees and other agents and their affiliates shall only be liable to our Company for losses, judgments, liabilities and expenses that result from the negligence, misconduct, fraud or other breach of fiduciary obligations. Thus certain alleged errors or omissions might not be actionable by us. The governing instruments also provide that, under the broadest circumstances allowed under law, we must indemnify our officers, directors, employees and other agents and their affiliates for losses, judgments, liabilities, expenses and amounts paid in settlement of any claims sustained by them in connection with our Company, including liabilities under applicable securities laws.
 
The market price of our common stock may be volatile and may fluctuate in a way that is disproportionate to our operating performance.
 
Our shares of common stock trading on the OTCQB will fluctuate significantly. There is a volatility associated with Bulletin Board securities in general and the value of your investment could decline due to the impact of any of the following factors upon the market price of our common stock:
 
 
sales or potential sales of substantial amounts of our common stock;
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
delay or failure in initiating or completing pre-clinical or clinical trials or unsatisfactory results of these trials;
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
announcements about us or about our competitors, including clinical trial results, regulatory approvals or new product introductions;
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
developments concerning our licensors, product manufacturers or our ability to produce MAN 01;
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
developments concerning our licensors, product manufacturers or our ability to produce SR89;
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
litigation and other developments relating to our patents or other proprietary rights or those of our competitors;
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
conditions in the pharmaceutical or biotechnology industries;
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
governmental regulation and legislation;
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
variations in our anticipated or actual operating results;
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
change in securities analysts’ estimates of our performance, or our failure to meet analysts’ expectations;
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
change in general economic trends; and
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
investor perception of our industry or our prospects.
 
 
 
Many of these factors are beyond our control. The stock markets in general, and the market for pharmaceutical and biotechnological companies in particular, have historically experienced extreme price and volume fluctuations. These fluctuations often have been unrelated or disproportionate to the operating performance of these companies. These broad market and industry factors could reduce the market price of our common stock, regardless of our actual operating performance.
 
Sales of a substantial number of shares of our common stock, or the perception that such sales may occur, may adversely impact the price of our common stock.
 
A large number of our shares may be sold without restriction in public markets. These include:
 
●                 
approximately 6,660,000 of our outstanding shares of common stock recorded by our transfer agent as of November 30, 2107 as unrestricted and freely tradable;
 
●                      
shares of our common stock that are, or are eligible to be, unrestricted and free trading pursuant to Rule 144 or other exemptions from registration under the Securities Act that have not yet been recorded by our transfer agent as such; and
 
A large portion of the shares that are freely tradable, were issued at a price that is significantly below the closing price of $4.30 as of January 5, 2018. If the holders of our free trading shares wanted to make a profit on their investment (or if they wish to sell for a loss), there might not be enough purchasers to maintain the market price of our common stock on the date of such sales.  Any such sales, or the fear of such sales, could substantially decrease the market price of our common stock and the value of your investment.
 
11
 
 
 
 
 
We have not paid dividends to date and do not intend to pay any dividends in the near future.
 
We have never paid dividends on our common stock and presently intend to retain any future earnings to finance the operations of our business. You may never receive any dividends on our shares.
 
The exercise of warrants and options or future sales of our common stock may further dilute the shares of common stock you receive in this offering.
 
As of the date hereof, we have outstanding vested and unvested options and warrants exercisable into 3,533,995 shares of common stock. The issuance of any shares of common stock pursuant to exercise of such options and warrants or the conversion of such notes would dilute your percentage ownership of our Company, and the issuance of any shares of common stock pursuant to exercise of such options and warrants or the conversion of such notes at a per share price below the offering price of shares being acquired in this offering which would dilute the net tangible value per share for such investor.
 
Our Board of Directors is authorized to sell additional shares of common stock, or securities convertible into shares of common stock, if in their discretion they determine that such action would be beneficial to us. Approximately 95% of our authorized shares of common stock and 100% of our shares of preferred stock are available for issuance.  Any such issuance would dilute the ownership interest of persons acquiring common stock in this offering, and any such issuance at a share price lower than then net tangible book value per share at the time an investor purchased its shares would dilute the net tangible value per share for such investor.
 
S PECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
 
We have made statements under the captions “Prospectus Summary”, “Risk Factors”, “Use of Proceeds”, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operation”, “Business” and elsewhere in this prospectus that are forward-looking statements. You can identify these statements by forward-looking words such as “may”, “will”, “expect”, “anticipate”, “believe”, “estimate” and similar terminology. Forward-looking statements address, among other things:
 
·         
implementing and developing our clinical programs and other aspects of our business plans;
 
·         
financing goals and plans; and
 
·         
our expectations of when regulatory approvals will be received or other actions will be taken by parties other than us.
 
We believe it is important to communicate our expectations to our investors. However, there may be events in the future that we are not able to accurately predict or which we do not fully control that will cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed or implied by our forward-looking statements. These include the factors listed under “Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this prospectus.
 
Although we believe that our expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements are reasonable, we cannot guarantee future results, levels of activity, performance, or achievements. Our forward-looking statements are made as of the date of this prospectus, and we assume no duty to update them or to explain why actual results may differ.
 
12
 
 
 
 
 
U SE OF PROCEEDS
 
After deducting the estimated placement discount and offering expenses payable by us, we expect to receive net proceeds of approximately $ 10,255,000 from this offering if all of the shares in this offering are sold and approximately $2,462,500 if only 25% of the shares in this offering are sold assuming a $5.00 per share offering price (the midpoint of the price range set forth on the cover of this preliminary prospectus).
 
 
 
100% of Offering
 
 
      50% of Offering
 
 
25% of Offering
 
Gross proceeds
  $ 11,250,000   
  $ 5,625,000   
  $ 2,812,500   
Placement agents' fees ( 8 % of gross proceeds)
  $ 900,000   
  $ 450,000   
  $ 225,000   
Miscellaneous underwriting fees expenses
  $ 75,000   
  $ 75,000    
  $ 75,000    
Other offering expenses
  $ 50,000 
  $ 50,000  
  $ 50,000  
Net proceeds
  $ 10,255,000  
  $ 5,050,000  
  $ 2,462,500  
 
We set out below our current intended use of the net proceeds that we may receive from this offering. As our needs may change depending on opportunities presented to us and risks that face, we will retain broad discretion over the actual use of these proceeds and such intended uses may materially differ from the actual uses. 
 
Description of Use
 
100% of Offering
 
 
50% of Offering
 
 
25% of Offering
 
General, Administrative and Professional Expenses
  $ 2,650,000
 
  $ 1,370,000  
  $   732,500
Marketing and IR
  $ 1,400,000
 
  $ 450,000  
  $ 150,000  
R&D Man01
  $ 1,550,000
 
  $ 700,000
 
  $ 200,000
 
R&D SR89
  $ 555,000
 
  $ 450,000
 
  $ 300,000
 
R&D SR89 Phase 4 Clinical
  $ 1,500,000
 
  $ 1,200,000
 
  $ 500,000
 
R&D QBM01
  $ 2,250,000
 
  $ 700,000
 
  $ 500,000
 
R&D Uttroside-B
  $ 350,000  
  $ 180,000
 
  $ 80,000
 
Total
  $ 10,255,000  
  $ 5,050,000  
  $ 2,462,500  
 
Assuming a warrant exercise price of $4.73 (which is 110% of the closing price of our common shares on the OTCQB on January 5, 2018), we will receive additional gross proceeds of $10,642,500 if all of the warrants that are part of the shares are exercised and gross proceeds of $638,550 if all of the placement agent warrants are exercised if all of the shares in this offering are sold assuming a $5.00 per share offering price (the midpoint of the price range set forth on the cover of this preliminary prospectus) . We intend to use any such proceeds for general corporate and working capital or other purposes that our Board of Directors deems to be in our best interest.  As of the date of this prospectus, we cannot specify with certainty the particular uses for the net proceeds we may receive upon exercise of the warrants.  Accordingly, we will retain broad discretion over the use of these proceeds, if any.
 
D ILUTION
 
Historical net tangible book value per share is determined by dividing our total tangible assets less total liabilities by the actual number of shares of common stock outstanding. Before giving effect to this offering, our net tangible book value as of August 31, 2017 was approximately $10,000, or $0.001 per share of common stock, based on shares of common stock outstanding on January 4, 2018 .
 
At an assumed offering price of $5.00 per share ( the midpoint of the price range set forth on the cover of this preliminary prospectus ), less estimated placement agents' fees and estimated offering expenses payable by us, our pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value as of August 31, 2017:
 
(i)
would have been $ 10,235,000 , or $ 0.708 per share, after giving effect to the sale of 100% of the share s in this offering,
 
(ii)
would have been $5,060,000 , or $ 0.380 per share, after giving effect to the sale of 50% of the share s in this offering and
 
(iii)
would have been $2,472,500 , or $0 .194 per share, after giving effect to the sale of 25% of the share s in this offering.
 
This represents, respectively, (i) an immediate increase in our historical net tangible book value of $ 0.707 per share to existing stockholders and an immediate dilution of $4.292 per share to new investors if we sell 100% of the shares in this offering, (ii) an immediate increase in our historical net tangible book value of $ 0.379 per share to existing stockholders and an immediate dilution of $4.620 per share to new investors if we sell 50% of the shares in this offering, and (iii) an immediate increase in our historical net tangible book value of $ 0.193 per share to existing stockholders and an immediate dilution of $4.806 per share to new investors if we sell 25% of the shares in this offering. Dilution per share represents the difference between the amount per share paid by purchasers of shares of our common stock in this offering and the net tangible book value per share of our common stock immediately afterwards, after giving effect to the sales set out above at the assumed offering and after deducting estimated placement agents' fees and estimated offering expenses payable by us at such percentages.
 
13
 
 
 
 
 
The following table illustrates this dilution, assuming no value is attributed to the warrant s sold in the offering, on a per share basis:
 

 
  100% of Offering
 
 
50% of Offering
 
 
25% of Offering
 
Assumed public offering price per share
  $ 5.00
  $ 5.00 
  $ 5.00 
Net tangible book value (deficit) per share before the offering
  $ 0.001  
  $ 0.001  
  $ 0.001  
Impact on net tangible book value per share of this offering
  $ 0.707
  $ 0.379
  $ 0.193
 
       
       
       
Pro forma net tangible book value per share after this offering
  $ 0.708
  $ 0.380
  $ 0.194
 
       
       
       
Dilution in net tangible book value per share to new investors
  $ 4.292
  $ 4.620
  $ 4.806
 
If we sell 100% of the share s in this offering, each $0.10 increase (decrease) in the assumed public offering price of $ 5.00 per share would increase (decrease) our pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value as of August 31, 2017 by $207,000 (after the placement agents’ fees), or $0.143 per share, and the dilution (benefit) per share to new investors by $0.143 per share.
 
If we sell 50% of the share s in this offering, each $0.10 increase (decrease) in the assumed public offering price of $5.00 per share would increase (decrease) our pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value as of August 31, 2017 by $103,500 (after the placement agents ’ fees), or $0.010 per share, and the dilution (benefit) per share to new investors by $ 0.010 per share.
 
If we sell 25% of the share s in this offering, each $0.10 increase (decrease) in the assumed public offering price of $5.00 per share would increase (decrease) our pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value as of August 31, 2017 by $51,750 (after the placement agents ’ fees) , or $0.004 per share, and the dilution (benefit) per share to new investors by $0.004 per share.
 
The information discussed above is illustrative only and will adjust based on the actual public offering price, the actual number of securities sold in this offering, and other terms of this offering determined at pricing.
 
The following tables summarizes, on a pro forma basis as of January 4, 2018, the differences between the number of shares of common stock owned by existing stockholders and the number of shares of common stock to be owned by new public investors, the aggregate cash consideration paid to us and the average price per share paid by our existing stockholders and to be paid by new public investors purchasing shares of common stock in this offering at an assumed public offering price of $5.00 per share ( the midpoint of the price range set forth on the cover of this preliminary prospectus ) , calculated before deduction of estimated placement agents' fees and estimated offering expenses payable by us.
 
For 100% of the s hare s in the Offering:
 
 
        Shares Purchased  
 
 
Total Consideration
 
     
 
 
Number
 
 
Percent
 
 
Amount
 
 
Percent
 
 
Average Price Per Share
 
Existing stockholders
    12,206,409  
    84.4 %
  $ 14,841,876.73  
    56.883 %
  $ 1.22  
New public investors
    2,250,000  
    15.6 %
  $ 11,250,000.00
 
    43.117 %
  $ 5.00  
       
       
Total
    14,456,409
 
    100 %
  $ 26,091,876.73  
    100 %
  $ 1.80
 
 
       
       
       
       
       
 
For 50% of the Share s in the Offering:
 
 
        Shares Purchased  
 
 
Total Consideration
 
     
 
 
Number
 
 
Percent
 
 
Amount
 
 
Percent
 
 
Average
Price Per
Share
 
Existing stockholders
    12,206,409  
    91.56 %
  $ 14,841,876.73
 
    72.520 %
  $ 1.22  
New public investors
    1,125,000  
    8.44 %
  $ 5,625,000.00
 
    27.480 %
  $ 5.00
 
       
       
Total
    13,331,409
 
    100 %
    20,466,876.73  
    100 %
  $ 1.50
 
 
       
       
       
       
       
 
14
 
 
 
 
 
For 25% of the Share s in the Offering:
 
 
        Shares Purchased  
 
 
Total Consideration
 
     
 
 
Number
 
 
Percent
 
 
Amount
 
 
Percent
 
 
Average Price Per Share
 
Existing stockholders
    12,206,409  
    95.59 %
  $ 14,841,876.73
 
    84.069 %
  $ 1.22  
New public investors
    562,500  
    4.41 %
  $ 2,812,500.00  
    15.931 %
  $ 5.00
 
 
 
 
       
       
Total
    12,768,909
 
    100 %
  $ 17,654,376.73  
    100 %
  $ 1.38
 
 
       
       
       
       
       
 
The information also assumes no exercise of any outstanding stock options or warrants or conversion of outstanding convertible notes. As of January 4, 2018 , there were 450,000 options outstanding at a weighted average exercise price of $4.00 . To the extent that any of these options are exercised, there will be further dilution to new investors. If all of these options had been exercised as of January 4, 2018 :
 
net tangible book value per share after this offering would have been $0.807 and total dilution per share to new investors would have been $ 4.193 f or 100% of the share s in the offering,
 
net tangible book value per share after this offering would have been $0. 498 and total dilution per share to new investors would have been $4.502 for 50% of the share s in the offering and
 
net tangible book value per share after this offering would have been $0.323 and total dilution per share to new investors would have been $4.677 for 25% of the share s in the offering.
 
As of January 4, 201 8 there were 3,083,995 warrants outstanding at a weighted average exercise price of $ 3.67 . To the extent that any of these warrants would be exercised at a price less than the offering price, there would be further dilution to new investors. If all of these warrants had been exercised as of January 4, 2018 :
 
net tangible book value per share after this offering would have been $1.229 and total dilution per share to new investors would have been $ 3.771 for 100% of the share s in the offering,
 
net tangible book value per share after this offering would have been $0.998 and total dilution per share to new investors would have been $4.002 for 50% of the share s in the offering and
 
net tangible book value per share after this offering would have been $.870 and total dilution per share to new investors would have been $ 4.130 for 25% of the share s in the offering.
 
D ETERMINATION OF OFFERING PRICE
 
The public offering price set forth on the cover page of this prospectus has been determined based upon arm’s-length negotiations between the purchasers and us. The offering price of our common stock does not necessarily bear any relationship to our book value, assets, past operating results, financial condition or any other established criteria of value. Our common stock might trade at market prices below the offering price as prices for common stock in any public market will be determined in the marketplace and may be influenced by many factors, including depth and liquidity.
 
P LAN OF DISTRIBUTION
 
Roth Capital Partners, LLC has agreed to act as lead placement agent and Brookline Capital Markets LLC has agreed to act as co-lead placement agent in connection with this offering, subject to the terms and conditions of a Placement Agency Agreement. The placement agents are not purchasing or selling any of the share s offered by this prospectus, nor are they required to arrange the purchase or sale of any specific number or dollar amount of the share s, but have agreed to use their commercially reasonable “best efforts” to arrange for the sale of all of the share s offered hereby. We may not sell the entire amount of share s offered pursuant to this prospectus. Purchasers in this offering shall rely solely on this prospectus in connection with the purchase of securities in this offering. The placement agents may engage sub-placement agents or selected dealers to assist in the placement of the share s offered hereby.
 
We will enter into securities purchase agreements directly with investors.
 
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Placement Agents’ Fees and Expenses
 
We have agreed to pay the placement agents a maximum aggregate cash placement fee equal to 8% of the gross proceeds from the sale of the share s in this offering. As there is no set amount of share s that must be sold in this offering, we set out in the table below the per share and total cash placement agents’ fees (where applicable) we will pay to the placement agents in connection with the sale of the 100%, 50% and 25% of the share s offered pursuant to this prospectus:
 
 
100% of Offering
50% of Offering
25% of Offering
 
Per Share (1)
Total
Per Share (1)
Total
Per Share (1)
Total
Public offering price
$5.00
$11,250,000
$5.00
$5,625,000
$5.00
$2,812,500
Placement agents’ fees (2)(3)
$0.40
$900,000
  $0.40
$450,000
$0.40
$225,000
Proceeds to us, before expenses
$4.60
$10,350,000
$4.60
$5,175,000
$4.60
$2,587,500
 
 
In addition to the cash placement fee, we have agreed to issue to the placement agents a warrant to purchase that number of our common stock equal to 6% of the common stock issued or issuable in the offering (excluding shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of any warrants issued to investors in the Offering) at an exercise price of $ per share, which represents the exercise price of the warrants sold in the public offering. The placement agent warrants will have substantially the same terms as the warrants being sold to the investors in this offering. Pursuant to FINRA Rule 5110(g), the placement agent warrants and any shares issued upon exercise of the placement agent warrants shall not be sold, transferred, assigned, pledged, or hypothecated, or be the subject of any hedging, short sale, derivative, put or call transaction that would result in the effective economic disposition of the securities by any person for a period of 180 days immediately following the date of effectiveness or commencement of sales of this offering, except the transfer of any security: (i) by operation of law or by reason of our reorganization; (ii) to any FINRA member firm participating in the offering and the officers or partners thereof, if all securities so transferred remain subject to the lock-up restriction set forth above for the remainder of the time period; (iii) if the aggregate amount of our securities held by the placement agent or related persons do not exceed 1% of the securities being offered; (iv) that is beneficially owned on a pro-rata basis by all equity owners of an investment fund, provided that no participating member manages or otherwise directs investments by the fund and the participating members in the aggregate do not own more than 10% of the equity in the fund; or (v) the exercise or conversion of any security, if all securities remain subject to the lock-up restriction set forth above for the remainder of the time period.
 
We have agreed to reimburse the placement agents for certain of their out-of-pocket legal expenses and other reasonable out-of-pocket expenses up to an aggregate of $50,000, subject to FINRA Rule 5110(f)(2)(D)(i). Out-of-pocket and legal expenses exceeding $50,000 shall require our prior approval, which shall not be unreasonably withheld.
 
We estimate the total offering expenses of this offering that will be payable by us, excluding the placement agents’ fee, will be approximately $125,000, which includes legal, accounting and printing costs, various other fees and reimbursement of the placements agent’s expenses. 
 
Pursuant to our Engagement Letter with Roth Capital Partners, LLC, dated November 14, 2017 (the “Engagement Letter”), for a period of 120 days (the “Engagement Period”), we granted Roth Capital Partners, LLC the right to serve as our exclusive placement agent or sole book running manager with respect to any offering of our equity or equity-linked securities. In addition, we have agreed to give the Roth Capital Partners, LLC a twelve-month right of first refusal to act as our lead underwriter or placement agent for any further capital raising transactions undertaken by us during the Engagement Period and for a period of twelve months thereafter.
 
If the offering hereunder is not consummated, the placement agents shall be entitled to the foregoing cash placement fee to the extent that capital is provided by investors that the placement agents introduced to us, or conducted discussions on our behalf, in any offering of securities by us or our affiliates within twelve months.
 
Our obligation to issue and sell the share s offered hereby to the purchasers is subject to the conditions set forth in the securities purchase agreements, which may be waived by us at our discretion. A purchaser’s obligation to purchase the share s offered hereby is subject to the conditions set forth in the securities purchase agreement as well, which may also be waived.
 
At the closing, The Depository Trust Company will credit the shares of common stock to the respective accounts of the investors. We will mail the warrant s directly to the investors at the respective addresses set forth in their securities purchase agreement with us or provided to us.
 
Leak-out Agreements
 
Pursuant to the securities purchase agreements, each investor has agreed that until the earlier of (i)            , 2018 and (ii) the fifth consecutive trading day during which the VWAP (as defined in the warrants) for each such trading day during such period is equal to or exceeds $           per share, such investor, either alone or together with its affiliates, in this offering will limit its selling to no more than        % of the daily trading volume of the common stock on such trading day, including shares of common stock or shares of common stock underlying any convertible securities (including any shares of common stock acquirable upon exercise of purchased pre-funded warrants or common warrants).
 
Lock-up Agreements
 
Our officers and directors and their respective affiliates have agreed with the representative to be subject to a lock-up period of 90 days following the date of this prospectus. During the applicable lock-up period, such persons may not offer for sale, contract to sell, sell, distribute, grant any option, right or warrant to purchase, pledge, hypothecate or otherwise dispose of, directly or indirectly, any shares of our common stock or any securities convertible into, or exercisable or exchangeable for, shares of our common stock. Certain limited transfers are permitted during the lock-up period if the transferee agrees to these lock-up restrictions. The lock-up period is subject to an additional extension to accommodate for our reports of financial results or material news releases. The placement agent may, in its sole discretion and without notice, waive the terms of any of these lock-up agreements. In the securities purchase agreement, we have agreed to a limitation on the issuance and sale of our securities for 90 days following the closing of this offering, subject to certain exceptions.
 
Other Relationships
 
From time to time, the placement agents and their affiliates have provided, and may in the future provide, various investment banking, financial advisory and other services to us and our affiliates for which services they have received, and may in the future receive, customary fees. In the course of their businesses, the placement agents and their affiliates may actively trade our securities or loans for their own account or for the accounts of customers, and, accordingly, the placement agents and their affiliates may at any time hold long or short positions in such securities or loans. Except for services provided in connection with this offering, and except as set forth in this paragraph, the placement agents have not provided any investment banking or other financial services during the 180-day period preceding the date of this prospectus supplement and we do not expect to retain the placement agent to perform any investment banking or other financial services for at least 90 days after the date of this prospectus supplement. The co-lead placement agent, Brookline Capital Markets LLC, in this offering served as our placement agent in a private placement we consummated in August 2017 pursuant to which it received compensation, including warrants to purchase shares of our common stock.
 
Indemnification
 
We have agreed to indemnify the placement agents against liabilities under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. We have also agreed to contribute to payments the placement agents may be required to make in respect of such liabilities.
 
Electronic Distribution
 
This prospectus may be made available in electronic format on websites or through other online services maintained by the placement agents, or by an affiliate. Other than this prospectus in electronic format, the information on the placement agents’ website and any information contained in any other website maintained by the placement agents is not part of this prospectus or the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part, has not been approved and/or endorsed by us or the placement agents, and should not be relied upon by investors.
 
The foregoing does not purport to be a complete statement of the terms and conditions of the placement agents’ agreements and securities purchase agreements. A copy of the placement agents’ agreements and the form of securities purchase agreement with the investors are included as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part. See “Where You Can Find More Information”.
 
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Regulation M Restrictions
 
The placement agents will be deemed to be underwriters within the meaning of Section2(a)(11) of the Securities Act, and any commissions received by them and any profit realized on the resale of the share s sold by them while acting as a principal may be deemed to be underwriting discounts or commissions under the Securities Act. As an underwriter, the placement agents would be required to comply with the requirements of the Securities Act and the Exchange Act, including, without limitation, Rule 10b-5 and Regulation M under the Exchange Act. These rules and regulations may limit the timing of purchases and sales of shares of common stock and warrants by the placement agents acting as a principal. Under these rules and regulations, the placement agents:
 
      ●    must not engage in any stabilization activity in connection with our securities; and
 
      ●    must not bid for or purchase any of our securities or attempt to induce any person to purchase any of our securities, other than as permitted under the Exchange Act, until it has completed its participation in the distribution.

Other
 
From time to time, the placement agents and their respective affiliates have provided, and may in the future provide, various investment banking, financial advisory and other services to us and our affiliates for which services they have received, and may in the future receive, customary fees. In the course of their businesses, the placement agents and its affiliates may actively trade our securities or loans for their own account or for the accounts of customers, and, accordingly, the placement agents and its affiliates may at any time hold long or short positions in such securities or loans.

S TATE SUITABILITY STANDARDS
 
California
 
No securities shall be sold pursuant to this prospectus to residents of the State of California unless such residents have either of (i) a minimum of $65,000 gross income and net worth of $250,000, or (ii) a minimum net worth of $500,000. In either instance, an investor who is resident of the State of California shall not invest more than ten (10%) of their net worth in this offering. Net worth shall be determined exclusive of home, home furnishings and automobiles. Assets included in the computation of net worth may be valued at fair market value.

D ESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES
 
We are authorized by our articles of incorporation to issue an aggregate of 250,000,000 shares of common stock, par value $0.001 per share, of which 12,206,409 were outstanding as of January 4, 2018, and 100,000,000 shares of preferred stock of which none were outstanding as of January 4, 2018.
 
This prospectus contains only a summary of the securities that we are offering. The following summary of the terms of our common stock, preferred stock, and warrants may not be complete and is subject to, and qualified in its entirety by reference to, the terms and provisions of our amended and restated articles of incorporation, our amended and restated bylaws and the warrants. You should refer to, and read this summary together with, our amended and restated articles of incorporation, amended and restated bylaws and the warrants to review all of the terms of our common stock, preferred stock and warrants that may be important to you.
 
Common Stock
 
Holders of our common stock are entitled to one vote for each share held of record on each matter submitted to a vote of stockholders. Except as otherwise required by Nevada law, and subject to the rights of the holders of preferred stock, if any, all stockholder action is taken by the vote of a majority of the outstanding shares of common stock voting as a single class present at a meeting of stockholders at which a quorum consisting of one-half of the outstanding shares of common stock is present in person or proxy.
 
Subject to the prior rights of any class or series of preferred stock which may from time to time be outstanding, if any, holders of our common stock are entitled to receive ratably, dividends when, as, and if declared by our board of directors out of funds legally available for that purpose and, upon our liquidation, dissolution, or winding up, are entitled to share ratably in all assets remaining after payment of liabilities and payment of accrued dividends and liquidation preferences on the preferred stock.
 
Anti-Takeover Provisions
 
The provisions of Nevada law and our bylaws may have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing another party from acquiring control of the company. These provisions may discourage and prevent coercive takeover practices and inadequate takeover bids.
 
Nevada Law
 
Nevada law contains a provision governing “acquisition of controlling interest.” This law provides generally that any person or entity that acquires 20% or more of the outstanding voting shares of a publicly-held Nevada corporation in the secondary public or private market may be denied voting rights with respect to the acquired shares, unless a majority of the disinterested shareholders of the corporation elects to restore such voting rights in whole or in part. The control share acquisition act provides that a person or entity acquires “control shares” whenever it acquires shares that, but for the operation of the control share acquisition act, would bring its voting power within any of the following three ranges: 20 to 33-1/3%; 33-1/3 to 50%; or more than 50%.
 
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A “control share acquisition” is generally defined as the direct or indirect acquisition of either ownership or voting power associated with issued and outstanding control shares. The shareholders or Board of Directors of a corporation may elect to exempt the stock of the corporation from the provisions of the control share acquisition act through adoption of a provision to that effect in the articles of incorporation or bylaws of the corporation. Our articles of incorporation and bylaws do not exempt our common stock from the control share acquisition act.
 
The control share acquisition act is applicable only to shares of “Issuing Corporations” as defined by the Nevada law. An Issuing Corporation is a Nevada corporation which (i) has 200 or more shareholders, with at least 100 of such shareholders being both shareholders of record and residents of Nevada, and (ii) does business in Nevada directly or through an affiliated corporation.
 
At this time, we do not believe we have 100 shareholders of record resident of Nevada and we do not conduct business in Nevada directly. Therefore, the provisions of the control share acquisition act are believed not to apply to acquisitions of our shares and will not until such time as these requirements have been met. At such time as they may apply, the provisions of the control share acquisition act may discourage companies or persons interested in acquiring a significant interest in or control of us, regardless of whether such acquisition may be in the interest of our shareholders.
 
The Nevada “Combination with Interested Stockholders Statute” may also have an effect of delaying or making it more difficult to effect a change in control of us. This statute prevents an “interested stockholder” and a resident domestic Nevada corporation from entering into a “combination,” unless certain conditions are met. The statute defines “combination” to include any merger or consolidation with an “interested stockholder,” or any sale, lease, exchange, mortgage, pledge, transfer or other disposition, in one transaction or a series of transactions with an “interested stockholder” having (i) an aggregate market value equal to 5% or more of the aggregate market value of the assets of the corporation, (ii) an aggregate market value equal to 5% or more of the aggregate market value of all outstanding shares of the corporation, or (iii) representing 10% or more of the earning power or net income of the corporation.
 
An “interested stockholder” means the beneficial owner of 10% or more of the voting shares of a resident domestic corporation, or an affiliate or associate thereof. A corporation affected by the statute may not engage in a “combination” within three years after the interested stockholder acquires its shares unless the combination or purchase is approved by the Board of Directors before the interested stockholder acquired such shares. If approval is not obtained, then after the expiration of the three-year period, the business combination may be consummated with the approval of the Board of Directors or a majority of the voting power held by disinterested stockholders, or if the consideration to be paid by the interested stockholder is at least equal to the highest of (i) the highest price per share paid by the interested stockholder within the three years immediately preceding the date of the announcement of the combination or in the transaction in which he became an interested stockholder, whichever is higher, (ii) the market value per common share on the date of announcement of the combination or the date the interested stockholder acquired the shares, whichever is higher, or (iii) if higher for the holders of preferred stock, the highest liquidation value of the preferred stock.
 
Articles of Incorporation and Bylaws
 
Our articles of incorporation are silent as to cumulative voting rights in the election of our directors. Nevada law requires the existence of cumulative voting rights to be provided for by a corporation's articles of incorporation.  In the event that a few stockholders end up owning a significant portion of our issued and outstanding common stock, the lack of cumulative voting would make it more difficult for other stockholders to replace our Board of Directors or for a third party to obtain control of us by replacing our Board of Directors. Our articles of incorporation and bylaws do not contain any explicit provisions that would have an effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a change in control of us.
 
Warrants
 
Duration and Exercise Price.  
 
The warrant s offered hereby will entitle the holders thereof to purchase up to an aggregate of 2,250,000 shares of our common stock at an initial exercise price per share that is equal to 110% of the closing price per share on the OTCQB on the date that we first enter in a securities purchase agreement for this offering, subject to adjustment as described below, and will expire five years after the date they are issued. The warrant s will be issued separately from the common stock included in the share s and may be transferred separately immediately thereafter. All warrant s will have the same expiration date .
 
Anti-Dilution Protection.  The exercise price of the warrant s is subject to appropriate adjustment in the event of stock dividends, stock splits, reorganizations or similar events affecting our common stock.
 
Cashless Exercise.  If, at the time a holder exercises a warrant , there is no effective registration statement registering, or the prospectus contained therein is not available for an issuance of the shares underlying the warrant to the holder, then in lieu of making the cash payment otherwise contemplated to be made to us upon such exercise in payment of the aggregate exercise price, the holder may elect instead to receive upon such exercise (either in whole or in part) the net number of shares of common stock determined according to a formula set forth in the warrant .
 
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Fundamental Transactions . If, at any time while the warrant s are outstanding, (A) the Company, directly or indirectly, in one or more related transactions, (i) consolidates or merges with or into (whether or not the Company is the surviving corporation) another person, or (ii) sells, assigns, transfers, conveys or otherwise disposes of all or substantially all of the properties or assets of the Company to any other person, or (iii) makes, or allows any other person to make a purchase, tender or exchange offer that is accepted by the holders of more than 50% of the outstanding shares of common stock (not including any shares of common stock held by the person(s) making or party to, or affiliated with any of the persons making or party to, such purchase, tender or exchange offer); or (iv) consummates a stock or share purchase agreement or other business combination (including, without limitation, a reorganization, recapitalization, spin-off or scheme of arrangement) with any other person whereby such other person acquires more than 50% of the outstanding shares of common stock (not including any shares of common stock held by the person(s) making or party to, or affiliated with any of the persons making or party to, such stock purchase agreement or other business combination), or (v) reorganizes, recapitalizes or reclassifies its common stock, (B) the Company, directly or indirectly, through one or more related transactions, allows any person or group to be or become the “beneficial owner” (as defined in Rule 13d-3 under the Securities Exchange Act), directly or indirectly, of more than 50% of the aggregate voting power represented by issued and outstanding common stock, or (C) the Company, directly or indirectly, through one or more related transactions, issues or enters into any other instrument or transaction structured in a manner to circumvent, or that circumvents, the intent of this definition, in which case this definition shall be construed and implemented in a manner to correct this definition or any portion of this definition which may be defective or inconsistent with the intended treatment of such instrument or transaction (each, a “Fundamental Transaction”), then each holder shall have the right thereafter to receive, upon exercise of a warrant , the same amount and kind of securities, cash or property as such holder would have been entitled to receive upon the occurrence of such Fundamental Transaction if the holder had been, immediately prior to such Fundamental Transaction, the holder of the number of shares of common stock then issuable upon exercise of the warrant . Any successor to us, surviving entity or the corporation purchasing or otherwise acquiring such assets shall assume the obligation to deliver to the holder such alternate consideration, and the other obligations, under the warrant . Notwithstanding the preceding paragraph, in the event of any Fundamental Transaction, the holders of the warrant s will be entitled to receive, in lieu of our shares and at the holders’ option, cash in an amount equal to the Black Scholes Value (as defined in the form of warrant ) of the remaining unexercised portion of the warrant on the date of the transaction.
 
Transferability.  The warrant s may be transferred at the option of the warrant holder upon surrender of the warrant s with the appropriate instruments of transfer.
 
Exchange Listing.  We do not plan on making an application to list the warrant s on any national securities exchange or other nationally recognized trading system.
 
Exercisability.  The warrant s will be exercisable, at the option of each holder, in whole or in part, by delivering to us a duly executed exercise notice accompanied by payment in full for the number of shares of our common stock purchased upon such exercise (except in the case of a cashless exercise as discussed above). A holder (together with its affiliates) may not exercise any portion of the warrant to the extent that the holder would beneficially own more than 4.99% (or at the election of the holder, 9.99%) of our outstanding common stock after exercise. The holder may increase or decrease this beneficial ownership limitation to any other percentage of our common stock outstanding immediately after the exercise not in excess of 9.99%, upon notice to us, provided that, in the case of an increase, such increase shall not be effective for 61 following the written notice to us.
 
Waivers and Amendments.  Subject to certain exceptions, the terms of a warrant may be amended or waived only with the written consent of the holder.
 
Preferred Stock
 
Our articles of incorporation authorize us to issue 100,000,000 shares of preferred stock. We have neither issued any preferred stock nor designated the terms of any class of preferred stock. The designation of the terms of any class of preferred stock are to be determined solely by our board of directors. As a result, without the need for any vote by our shareholders, we could issue a class of securities that we would be preferential in voting, distribution, liquidation or other rights to the securities that you may purchase in this offering.
 
Transfer Agent and Registrar
 
The transfer agent and registrar for our common stock is V Stock Transfer, LLC, 18 Lafayette Place, Woodmere, NY 11598, Phone: (212) 828-8436.
 
Listing
 
The shares of our common stock are quoted on the OTCQB under the symbol QBIO. On January 5, 2018, the last reported sale price per share for our common stock on the OTCQB as reported was $4.30.
 
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B USINESS
 
We are a biotechnology acceleration and development company focused on acquiring and in-licensing pre-clinical, clinical-stage and approved life sciences therapeutic products. Currently, we have a portfolio of four therapeutic products, including an FDA approved product, Strontium 89, a radiopharmaceutical for metastatic cancer bone pain, and three development stage products: QBM-001 for rare pediatric non-verbal autism spectrum disorder, Uttroside-B for liver cancer, and MAN 01 for glaucoma. We aim to maximize risk-adjusted returns by focusing on multiple assets throughout the discovery and development cycle. We expect to benefit from early positioning in illiquid and/or less well known privately-held assets, thereby enabling us to capitalize on valuation growth as these assets move forward in their development.
 
Our mission is to:
 
(i)
license and acquire pre-commercial innovative life sciences assets in different stages of development and therapeutic areas from academia or small private companies;
 
(ii)
license and acquire FDA approved drugs and medical devices with limited current and commercial activity; and
 
(iii)
accelerate and advance our assets to the next value inflection point by providing: strategic capital, business development and financial advice and experienced sector specific advisors.
 
In 2018, we plan: (i) to generate revenue from our Strontium 89 product for pain palliation in bone metastases as well as commence a therapeutic expansion post-marketing phase 4 trial for this product; and (ii) to commence a phase 2/3 pivotal trial with our QBM-001 asset to address a non-verbal learning disorder in autistic children. In 2019, we intend to file investigational new drug applications, or INDs, with FDA for each of our Uttroside-B and MAN 01 assets for the treatment of liver cancer and glaucoma, respectively.
 
Following is a summary of our product pipeline.
 
 
Our Strategy
 
Our goal is to become a leading biotechnology acceleration and development company with a diversified portfolio of therapeutic products commercially available and in development. To achieve this goal, we are executing on the following strategy:
 
 
 
Strategically collaborate or in- and out-license select programs.
We seek to collaborate or in- and out-license certain potentially therapeutic candidate products to biotechnology or pharmaceutical companies for preclinical and clinical development and commercialization.
 
 
 
Highly leverage external talent and resources.
We plan to maintain and further build our team which is skilled in evaluating technologies for development and product development towards commercialization. By partnering with industry specific experts, we are able to identify undervalued assets that we can fund and assist in enhancing inherent value. We plan to continue to rely on the extensive experience of our management team to execute on our objectives.
 
 
 
Evaluate commercialization and monetization strategies on a product-by-product basis in order to maximize the value of our product candidates or future potential products.
As we move our drug candidates through development toward regulatory approval, we will evaluate several options for each drug candidate’s commercialization or monetization strategy. These options include building our own internal sales force; entering into a joint marketing partnership with another pharmaceutical or biotechnology company, whereby we jointly sell and market the product; and out-licensing any product that we develop by ourselves or jointly with another party, whereby another pharmaceutical or biotechnology company sells and markets such product and pays us a royalty on sales. Our decision will be made separately for each product and will be based on a number of factors including capital necessary to execute on each option, size of the market to be addressed and terms of potential offers from other pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies. It is too early for us to know which of these options we will pursue for our drug candidates, assuming their successful development.
 
 
 
Acquire commercially or near-commercially ready products and build out the current market for such.
In addition to acquiring pre-clinical products, in assembling a diversified portfolio of healthcare assets, we plan on acquiring assets that are either FDA approved or are reasonably expected to be FDA approved within 12 months of our acquiring them. We anticipate hiring a contract sales organization to assume the bulk of the sales and distribution efforts related to any such product. 
 
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General Information
 
We were incorporated in the State of Nevada on November 22, 2013 under the name ISMO Technology Solutions and attempted to establish a base of operation in the information technology sector and provide IT hardware, software and support solutions to businesses and households. However, we did not pursue our business plan to any great extent due to the deteriorating health of the major shareholder and CEO, Mr. Enrique Navas.
 
On August 5, 2015, we recorded a stock split effectuated in the form a stock dividend. The stock dividend was paid at a rate of 1.5 “new” shares for every one issued and outstanding share held. All common share amounts and per share amounts as referred throughout this prospectus have been adjusted to reflect the stock split.
 
On April 21, 2015, we issued 2,500,000 shares of our common stock to Mr. Denis Corin pursuant to a consulting agreement and Mr. Corin also agreed to join the Board of Directors. On July 15, 2016, we issued to Mr. Corin five-year warrants to purchase 150,000 shares of common stock at a price of $1.45 per share.
 
On June 1, 2015, our shareholders elected Mr. William Rosenstadt to the Board of Directors and appointed him as Chief Legal Officer.  In exchange for such services for a one-year term, we agreed to pay Mr. Rosenstadt 375,000 shares of our common stock. We engaged the law firm at which Mr. Rosenstadt is a partner to provide us with legal services. We have paid for these services through the issuance to such law firm of 500,000 shares of our common stock on June 1, 2015, five-year warrants to purchase 250,000 shares of common stock at a price of $4.15 per share on January 15, 2016 and five-year warrants to purchase 50,000 shares of common stock at a price of $1.45 per share on July 16, 2016. On July 15, 2016, we issued Mr. Rosenstadt five-year warrants to purchase 150,000 shares of common stock at a price of $1.45 per share for his services as a director.
 
Also on June 1, 2015, our Board of Directors determined it was in the best interest of the Company to establish a base of operations in the biomedical industry. As a result, the Board of Directors approved a change in the Company’s name from “ISMO Tech Solutions, Inc.” to “Q BioMed Inc.”  Q BioMed Inc. established its business as a biomedical acceleration and development company focused on licensing, acquiring and providing strategic resources to life sciences and healthcare companies.
 
On July 23, 2015, our founder and CEO, Mr. Enrique Navas, resigned from his position a director of our company and any positions that he held as an officer of the Company. This resignation did not result from any dispute or disagreement with us, our independent accountants, our counsel or our operations, policies and practices. Mr. Navas agreed to return 3,750,000 shares of common stock owned by him to the treasury.
 
On October 27, 2015, we filed a Certificate of Amendment to our Articles of Incorporation with the Secretary of State of Nevada to increase the number of shares of common stock that we are authorized to issue from 100,000,000 shares to 250,000,000 shares. The Certificate of Amendment affected no provisions of our Articles of Incorporation other than the number of common stock that were are authorized to issue, and we are still authorized to issue 100,000,000 shares of preferred stock.
 
Our Drug Discovery Approach
 
We aim to acquire or license and have assembled a pipeline of multiple therapeutics in development stages ranging from early pre-clinical to commercial ready. Our model seeks to diversify risk by broadening the therapeutic areas we work in as well as providing multiple catalysts as we advance assets through the clinical and regulatory process.
 
Our mission is to:
 
(i)
license and acquire pre-commercial innovative life sciences assets in different stages of development and therapeutic areas from academia or small private companies;
 
(ii)
license and acquire FDA approved drugs and medical devices with limited current and commercial activity;
 
(iii)
accelerate and advance our assets to the next value inflection point by providing: (A) strategic capital, (B) business development and financial advice and (C) experienced sector specific advisors.
 
Our Research and Development Activities
 
In the fiscal years ended November 30, 2016 and 2015, we have incurred approximately $1.3 million and $598,000, respectively, on research and development activities, including the issuance of 50,000 and 200,000 shares of common stock issued to Bio-Nucleonics Inc. and Mannin Research Inc. in the corresponding year, valued at approximately $160,000 and $548,000, respectively. In the nine months ended August 31, 2017, we have incurred approximately $ 2.3 million on research and development activities, including the issuance of 125,000 shares of common stock issued to ASDERA, valued at approximately $487,500.
 
21
 
 
 
 
 
Mannin Intellectual Property
 
On October 29, 2015, we entered into a Patent and Technology License and Purchase Option Agreement with Mannin whereby we were granted a worldwide, exclusive license on, and option to acquire, certain Mannin intellectual property, or IP, within the four-year term.
 
The Mannin IP is initially focused on developing a first-in-class eye drop treatment for glaucoma. The technology platform may be expanded in scope beyond ophthalmological uses and may include cystic kidney disease and others. The initial cost to acquire the exclusive license from Mannin was $50,000 and the issuance of 200,000 shares of our common stock, valued at $548,000, subject to an 18-month restriction from trading and subsequent leak-out conditions. Upon Mannin completing a successful phase 1 proof of concept trial in glaucoma, we will be obligated to issue an additional 1,000,000 shares of our common stock to Mannin, also subject to leak-out conditions. We believe this milestone could occur in the first half of 2019.
 
Pursuant to the exclusive license from Mannin, we may purchase the Mannin IP within the next four years in exchange for: (i) investing a minimum of $4,000,000 into the development of the Mannin IP and (ii) possibly issuing Mannin additional shares of our common stock based on meeting pre-determined valuation and market conditions.  During the year ended November 30, 2016, we incurred approximately $1.1 million in research and development expenses to fund the costs of development of the eye drop treatment for glaucoma pursuant to the exclusive license, of which an aggregate of $654,000 was already paid as of November 30, 2016.  Through November 30, 2016, we funded an aggregate of $704,000 to Mannin under the exclusive license.
 
In the event that: (i) we do not exercise the option to purchase the Mannin IP; (ii) we fail to invest the $4,000,000 within four years from the date of the exclusive license; or (iii) we fail to make a diligent, good faith and commercially reasonable effort to progress the Mannin IP, all Mannin IP shall revert back to Mannin and we shall be granted the right to collect twice the monies invested through that date of reversion by way of a royalty along with other consideration which may be perpetual.
 
MAN 01 – New Vascular Therapeutics including Primary Open Angle Glaucoma
 
Mannin is utilizing a proprietary research platform technology to address the need for a new class of drugs to treat various vascular diseases. Our lead indication is for a first-in-class therapeutic eye-drop for the treatment of Primary Open Angle Glaucoma.
 
We are developing a first-in-class drug targeting the Schlemm's canal and its role in regulating interocular eye pressure, one of the leading causes of glaucoma. No other glaucoma company is targeting the Schlemm's canal, the main drainage pathway in the eye. This unique vessel is responsible for 70-90% of the fluid drainage in the eye. The MAN 01 drug is currently in the lead optimization stage of its pre-clinical testing. We aim to initiate IND enabling studies is 2018 and file an IND in 2019.
 
We believe that a deep pipeline of novel therapeutics can be developed from this research platform, which would treat a spectrum of vascular diseases including Cystic Kidney Disease, Pediatric Glaucoma and Inflammation.
 
Recently, a number of significant deals and announcements have been made in the ophthalmology space. Aerie Pharmaceuticals, Inc. announced successful efficacy data from its first phase III registration study, Mercury 1, on Roclatan. Roclatan (once daily) is being evaluated for its ability of lowering intraocular pressure, or IOP, in patients with glaucoma or ocular hypertension. The success of this Aerie trial is an indication of the importance of this market, and the acute need for novel drugs to treat the over 60 million sufferers of this disease. In addition, in October 2015, Allergan plc, a leading global pharmaceutical company, acquired AqueSys, Inc. a private clinical stage medical device company focused on developing ocular implants that reduce IOP associated with glaucoma, in an all-cash transaction for a $300 million upfront payment and regulatory approval and commercialization milestone payments related to AqueSys' lead development programs.
 
BioNucleonics Intellectual Property
 
On May 30, 2016, we entered into a Patent and Technology License and Purchase Option Agreement with BNI, which agreement was amended on September 6, 2016, whereby we were granted a worldwide, exclusive license on certain BNI intellectual property and the option to acquire the BNI IP within three years of the BNI.
 
The BNI IP consists of generic Strontium Chloride SR89 (Generic Metastron®) and all of BNI’s intellectual property relating to it. Currently, SR89 is a radiopharmaceutical therapeutic for cancer bone pain therapy. We plan on exploring options to broaden the technology platform in scope to uses beyond metastatic cancer bone pain. In exchange for the consideration, we agreed, upon reaching various milestones, to issue to BNI an aggregate of 110,000 shares of common stock that are subject to restriction from trading until commercialization of the product (which we anticipate will occur in March 2018) and subsequent leak-out conditions, and provide funding to BNI for an aggregate of $850,000 in cash, of which we had paid $351,700 as of August 31, 2017.  Once we have funded up to $850,000 in cash, we may exercise the option to acquire the BNI IP at no additional charge.  In September 2016, we issued 50,000 shares of common stock, with a fair value of $160,500, to BNI pursuant to the exclusive license from BNI.
 
22
 
 
 
 
 
We were obligated to provide further funding to BNI up to a total of $163,500 to settle certain long-term debt on behalf of BioNucleonics.  To this end, we had provided an aggregate of approximately $77,000 through August 25, 2017 to BNI to help fully settle its obligations, which we recognized as research and development expenses in the accompanying Statements of Operations.
 
 
In the event that: (i) we do not exercise the option to purchase the BNI IP; (ii) we fail to invest the $850,000 within three years from the date of the exclusive license; or (iii) we fail to make a diligent, good faith and commercially reasonable effort to progress the BNI IP, all BNI IP shall revert back to BNI and we shall be granted the right to collect twenty percent of the monies invested through that date of reversion by way of a royalty until such time that the aggregate of royalties paid exceeds twice the aggregate of all total cash investment paid by Q Bio along with other consideration which may be perpetual.
 
Generic Strontium89 Chloride SR89 Injection USP
 
Strontium89 is an FDA approved drug for pain palliation in bone metastases, primarily from breast, prostate and lung cancers. It is Medicare and Healthcare insurance reimbursable. Strontium-89 is a pure beta emitting radiopharmaceutical. It is a chemical analog of calcium and for this reason, localizes in bone. There is a significant concentration of both calcium and strontium analogs at the site of active osteoblastic activity. This is the biochemical basis for its use in treating metastatic bone disease.
 
Strontium 89 shows prolonged retention in metastatic bone lesions with a biological half-life of over 50 days, remaining up to 100 days after injection of the radiopharmaceutical, whereas the half-life in normal bone tissue is approximately 14 days. Strontium-89 has been shown to decrease pain in patients with osteoblastic metastases resulting from prostate cancer. When Strontium-89 Chloride is used, pain palliation occurs in up to 80% of patients within 2 to 3 weeks after administration and lasts from 3 to 12 months with an average of about 6 months.
 
In the United States, of the estimated 450,000 individuals newly diagnosed with either breast or prostate cancer, one in three will develop bone metastases, a common cause of pain in cancer patients. These figures are expected to increase as the potential patient population ages.
 
Strontium 89 is a non-opioid drug for the treatment of debilitating metastatic cancer pain in the bone. We believe there is a significant opportunity to market this effective drug as practitioners and caregivers are being encouraged to reexamine their use of opiates for treating patients in pain. We estimate the palliation market to be approximately $300 million annually. Additional therapeutic indications for Strontium 89 are possible, and we intend to pursue those in 2018, hopefully resulting in entry into a multi-billion dollar therapeutic area.
 
ASDERA Intellectual Property
 
On April 21, 2017, we entered into a License Agreement on Patent & Know-How Technology with ASDERA whereby we were granted a worldwide, exclusive, license on certain ASDERA intellectual property.
 
Among the more than 60,000 US children who develop autism spectrum disorders, or ASD, every year, approximately 20,000 become nonverbal and will have to rely on assisted living for the rest of their lives. The ASDERA IP is intended to treat the rare pediatric condition (nonverbal disorder) during the second year of life, when children learn to speak. Many of the children who miss this treatment window will become non-verbal for all of their lives. Currently, there is no treatment for this nonverbal disorder. The ASDERA IP is not intended to treat other aspects of ASD or to be used beyond the estimated treatment window. The ASDERA IP consists of patent-rights and know-how relating to a product candidate named ASD-002 (now identified as QBM001).
 
The initial cost to acquire the exclusive license from ASDERA was $50,000 and the issuance of 125,000 shares of our unregistered common stock subject to a leak-out conditions after the Rule 144 period has ended. In addition to royalties based upon net sales of the product candidate, if any, we are required to make additional payments upon the following milestones:
 
● 
the filing of an investigational new drug application, or IND, with the US Food and Drug Administration;
 
● 
successful interim results of Phase II/III clinical trial of the product candidate;
 
● 
FDA acceptance of a new drug application;
 
● 
FDA approval of the product candidate; and
 
● 
achieving certain worldwide net sales.
 
Subject to the terms of the Agreement, we will be in control of the development and commercialization of the product candidate and are responsible for the costs of such development and commercialization.  We have undertaken a good-faith commitment to (i) initiate a Phase II/III clinical trial at the earlier of the two-year anniversary of the Agreement or one year from the FDA’s approval of the IND and (ii) to make our first commercial sale by the fifth-anniversary of the Agreement.  Failure to show a good-faith effort to meet those goals would mean that the ASDERA IP would revert to ASDERA.  Upon such reversion, ASDERA would be obligated to pay us royalties on any sales of products derived from the ASDERA IP until such time that ASDERA has paid us twice the sum that we had provided ASDERA prior to the reversion.
 
 
23
 
 
 
 
 
QBM-001 - Addressing Rare Pediatric Non-verbal Spectrum Disorder
 
Causes of non-verbal learning disorder have been linked to several complications that range from a specific mutated gene as with Fragile X Syndrome and Dravet Syndrome or autoimmunity, where the body’s immune system is attacking parts of the brain. Trauma, microbial infections and environmental factors have also been linked to non-verbal learning disorder. Ongoing research is helping to further explain the root cause of why children become non-verbal or minimally verbal.
 
Children born into families where there is a genetic history of autism or epileptic spectrum disorders or that have a sibling that has been diagnosed with an autistic or epileptic spectrum disorder have a much higher chance of becoming non-verbal.
 
More than 60,000 US children develop Autism Spectrum Disorders (“ASD”) every year, of whom 20,000 become non-verbal. A similar number of children with ASD symptoms in Europe develop pediatric non-verbal disorder each year. No drugs are currently available to ameliorate this condition. In the United States, of the estimated 20,000 who become non- or minimally verbal and will require assisted living for the rest of their life. The lifetime cost of that care is estimated at $10 million per person.
 
Cognitive intervention is the only form for treatment that has shown to help improve speech capability and social interaction, however, it has not been able to alleviate the lifetime burden of $10 million per person for cost of care.   This is compounded by an additional $10 million during the lifespan of the person due to loss in productivity in addition to severe emotional strain for the child and the parents.
 
QBM-001 is proposed to be given to high-risk genetically identified children during the second year of life to regulate faulty membrane channels that are known to cause migraines and/or seizures. This drug acts as an allosteric regulator of these faulty channels in the brain to potentially alleviate the condition and allow toddlers to actively develop language and speech and avoid life-long speech and intellectual disability of being non-verbal
 
As there are no treatment option for these patients, we believe there is a significant economic opportunity to bring a drug to market in this indication. The active ingredient in our compound is well known and has been approved by worldwide regulators for many years. Using a novel delivery and formulation for the active ingredient, we intend to advance this drug through the 505(b)2 pathway in a single phase 2/3 clinical trial expected to commence in 2018.
 
RGCB and OMRF Intellectual Property
 
On June 15, 2017, we entered into a Technology License Agreement RGCB and OMRF whereby they granted us a worldwide, exclusive, license on intellectual property related to Uttroside-B.  Uttroside-B is a chemical compound derived from the plant  Solanum nigrum Linn, also known as Black Nightshade or Makoi.  We seek to use the Uttroside-B IP to create a  chemotherapeutic agent against liver cancer.
 
The initial cost to acquire the exclusive license for Uttroside is $10,000. In addition to royalties based upon net sales of the product candidate, if any, we are required to make additional payments upon the following milestones:
 
● 
the completion of certain preclinical studies;
 
● 
the filing of an investigational new drug application with the US Food and Drug Administration or the filing of the equivalent application with an equivalent governmental agency;
 
● 
successful completion of each of Phase I, Phase II and Phase III clinical trials;
 
● 
FDA approval of the product candidate;
 
● 
approval by the foreign equivalent of the FDA of the product candidate;
 
● 
achieving certain worldwide net sales; and
 
● 
a change of control of our Company.
 
Subject to the terms of the exclusive license for Uttroside, we will be in control of the development and commercialization of the product candidate and are responsible for the costs of such development and commercialization.  We have undertaken a good-faith commitment to (i) fund the pre-clinical trials and (ii) to initiate a Phase II clinical trial within six years of the date of the Agreement.  Failure to show a good-faith effort to meet those goals would mean that the exclusive license for Uttroside would revert to the licensors.
 
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UTTROSIDE-B - A Novel Chemotherapeutic for Liver Cancer
 
The liver is the football-sized organ in the upper right area of the belly. Symptoms of liver cancer are uncommon in the early stages. Liver cancer treatments vary, but may include removal of part of the liver, liver transplant, chemotherapy, and in some cases radiation. Primary liver cancer (hepatocellular carcinoma) tends to occur in livers damaged by birth defects, alcohol abuse, or chronic infection with diseases such as hepatitis B and C, hemochromatosis (a hereditary disease associated with too much iron in the liver), and cirrhosis. In the United States, the average age at onset of liver cancer is 63 years. Men are more likely to develop liver cancer than women, by a ratio of 2 to 1.
 
The only currently marketed drug is a tryosine kinase inhibitor antineoplastic agent, sorafinib. Current sales of sorafinib are estimated at $1 billion per year.
 
Uttroside-B appears to affect phosphorylated JNK (pro survival signaling) and capcase activity (apoptosis in liver cancer). It is a natural compound fractionated Saponin derived from the Solarim Nigrum plant. It is a small molecule that showed in early investigation to increase the cytotoxicity of a variety of liver cancer cell types and importantly to be up to ten times more potent than Sorafenib in pre-clinical studies. This potency motivates us to work with our partners to synthesize the molecule and move into a clinical program. We plan to initiate clinical work in late 2018.
 
Patents and Intellectual Property Rights
 
If products we acquired do not have adequate intellectual protection, we will take the necessary steps to protect our proprietary therapeutic product candidate assets and associated technologies that are important to our business consisting of seeking and maintaining domestic and international patents. These may cover our products and compositions, their methods of use and processes for their manufacture and any other inventions that may be commercially important to the development of our business. We also rely on trade secrets to protect aspects of our business. Our competitive position depends on our ability to obtain patents on our technologies and our potential products, to defend our patents, to protect our trade secrets and to operate without infringing valid and enforceable patents or trade secrets of others. We seek licenses from others as appropriate to enhance or maintain our competitive position.
 
We hold a license to all intellectual property related to each of (i) MAN 01, the drug candidate for the treatment of Primary Open Angle Glaucoma, (ii) ASD-002 (QBM001), the drug candidate related to a nonverbal disorder associated with autism, (iii) SR89, our generic Strontium 89 Chloride product candidate for metastatic cancer bone pain therapy, and (iv) the Uttroside platform. A U.S. patent was filed in 2015 as it related to MAN 01, and we plan to file international patent applications as required.
 
We do not hold, and have not applied for, any patents.
 
Competition
 
We operate in highly competitive segments of the biotechnology and biopharmaceutical markets. We face competition from many different sources, including commercial pharmaceutical and biotechnology enterprises, academic institutions, government agencies, and private and public research institutions. Our product candidates, if successfully developed and approved, will compete with established therapies, as well as new treatments that may be introduced by our competitors. Many of our competitors have significantly greater financial, product development, manufacturing and marketing resources than us. Large pharmaceutical companies have extensive experience in clinical testing and obtaining regulatory approval for drugs. In addition, many universities and private and public research institutes are active in the fields in which we research, some in direct competition with us. We also may compete with these organizations to recruit management, scientists and clinical development personnel. Smaller or early-stage companies may also prove to be significant competitors, particularly through collaborative arrangements with large and established companies. New developments, including the development of other biological and pharmaceutical technologies and methods of treating disease, occur in the pharmaceutical and life sciences industries at a rapid pace. Developments by competitors may render our product candidates obsolete or noncompetitive. We will also face competition from these third parties in recruiting and retaining qualified personnel, establishing clinical trial sites and patient registration for clinical trials and in identifying and in-licensing new product candidates.
 
Our generic SR89 product candidate will compete directly with Metastron® which is produced by a subsidiary of General Electric Company, a company with a market capitalization of over $150 billion. Metastron is currently the sole SR89 product for the treatment of cancer related bone pain, and we may not be able to penetrate this market sufficiently. General Electric Company may choose to significantly reduce the cost of Metastron, and we may face further price competition if other companies choose to produce a generic SR89 product. Such price competition may cause us to reduce our price and in turn, decrease any revenues we may generate.
 
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Government Regulation
 
The clinical development, manufacturing, labeling, storage, record-keeping, advertising, promotion, import, export, marketing and distribution of our product candidates are subject to extensive regulation by the FDA in the United States and by comparable health authorities in foreign markets. In the United States, we are not permitted to market our product candidates until we receive approval of a BLA from the FDA. The process of obtaining BLA approval is expensive, often takes many years and can vary substantially based upon the type, complexity and novelty of the products involved. In addition to the significant clinical testing requirements, our ability to obtain marketing approval for these products depends on obtaining the final results of required non-clinical testing, including characterization of the manufactured components of our product candidates and validation of our manufacturing processes. The FDA may determine that our product manufacturing processes, testing procedures or facilities (or those of third parties upon which we rely) are insufficient to justify approval. Approval policies or regulations may change and the FDA has substantial discretion in the pharmaceutical approval process, including the ability to delay, limit or deny approval of a product candidate for many reasons. Despite the time and expense invested in clinical development of product candidates, regulatory approval is never guaranteed.
 
The FDA or another regulatory agency can delay, limit or deny approval of a product candidate for many reasons, including, but not limited to:
 
 
 
the FDA or comparable foreign regulatory authorities may disagree with the design or implementation of our clinical trials;
  
 
we may be unable to demonstrate to the satisfaction of the FDA that a product candidate is safe and effective for any indication;
  
 
the FDA may not accept clinical data from trials which are conducted by individual investigators or in countries where the standard of care is potentially different from the United States;
 
 
the results of clinical trials may not meet the level of statistical significance required by the FDA for approval;
 
 
we may be unable to demonstrate that a product candidate’s clinical and other benefits outweigh its safety risks;
 
 
the FDA may disagree with our interpretation of data from preclinical studies or clinical trials;
  
 
the FDA may fail to approve our manufacturing processes or facilities or those of third-party manufacturers with which we or our collaborators contract for clinical and commercial supplies; or
  
 
the approval policies or regulations of the FDA may significantly change in a manner rendering our clinical data insufficient for approval.
 
With respect to foreign markets, approval procedures vary among countries and, in addition to the aforementioned risks, can involve additional product testing, administrative review periods and agreements with pricing authorities. In addition, recent events raising questions about the safety of certain marketed pharmaceuticals may result in increased cautiousness by the FDA and comparable foreign regulatory authorities in reviewing new pharmaceuticals based on safety, efficacy or other regulatory considerations and may result in significant delays in obtaining regulatory approvals. Any delay in obtaining, or inability to obtain, applicable regulatory approvals would prevent us from commercializing our product candidates.
 
Costs and Effects of Compliance with Environmental Laws
 
Federal, state, and international environmental laws may impose certain costs and restrictions on our business. We do not believe that we have yet spent or lost money due to these laws and regulations.
 
Product Liability and Insurance
 
We face an inherent risk of product liability exposure related to the testing of our product candidates in human clinical trials and the eventual sale and use of any product candidates, and claims could be brought against us if use or misuse of one of our product candidates causes, or merely appears to have caused, personal injury or death. While we have and intend to maintain product liability insurance relating to our clinical trials, our coverage may not be sufficient to cover claims that may be made against us and we may be unable to maintain such insurance. Any claims against us, regardless of their merit, could severely harm our financial condition, strain our management and other resources or destroy the prospects for commercialization of the product which is the subject of any such claim. We are unable to predict if we will be able to obtain or maintain product liability insurance for any products that may be approved for marketing. Additionally, we have entered into various agreements where we indemnify third parties for certain claims relating to our product candidates. These indemnification obligations may require us to pay significant sums of money for claims that are covered by these indemnifications. We currently do not maintain product liability insurance.
 
Employees
 
As of December 1, 2017, we had 2 employees and 6 management consultants.
 
Properties
 
We do not own any properties. We have leased office space in the Cayman Islands.
 
Legal Proceedings
 
We are not a party to any material pending legal proceeding, arbitration or governmental investigation, and to the best of our knowledge, no such proceedings have been initiated against us.
 
26
 
 
 
 
MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES
 
Market Information
 
Our common stock is listed on the Over the Counter QB, or OTCQB, under the symbol “QBIO”. The market for our common stock is limited, volatile and sporadic. The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, the high and low bid prices of our common stock on the OTCQB as reported by Google Finance. The following quotations reflect inter-dealer prices, without retail mark-up, markdown, or commissions, and may not reflect actual transactions. Those fiscal quarters during which there were no sales of our common stock have been labeled as “n/a”.
 
 
 
High Bid
 
 
Low Bid
 
 
Fiscal Year 2017
 
 
 
 
 
 
November 30, 2017
  $ 5.90  
  $ 3.48  
August 31, 2017
  $ 4.09  
  $ 3.92  
May 31, 2017
  $ 7.90  
  $ 3.35  
February 28, 2017
  $ 12.61  
  $ 3.20  
 
Fiscal Year 2016
       
       
November 30, 2016
  $ 6.00  
  $ 2.39  
August 31, 2016
  $ 4.14  
  $ 1.26  
May 31, 2016
  $ 4.10  
  $ 2.00  
February 29, 2016
  $ 4.69  
  $ 2.35  
 
       
       
Fiscal Year 2015
       
       
November 30, 2015
  $ 3.56  
  $ 1.95  
August 31, 2015
  $ 4.40  
  $ 1.30  
May 31, 2015
  $ n/a  
  $ n/a  
February 28, 2015
  $ n/a  
  $ n/a  
 
The last reported sales price for our shares on the OTCQB as of January 5, 2018 was $4.30 per share. As of November 30, 2017, we had approximately 94 shareholders of record at our Transfer Agent.
 
Dividend Policy
 
We have never declared or paid any cash dividends on our common stock.  For the foreseeable future, we intend to retain any earnings to finance the development and expansion of our business and do not anticipate paying any cash dividends on our common stock. Any future determination to pay dividends will be at the discretion of the Board of Directors and will depend upon then existing conditions, including our financial condition and results of operations, capital requirements, contractual restrictions, business prospects and other factors that the board of directors considers relevant.
 
Securities Authorized For Issuance under Compensation Plans
 
None.
 
Stock Incentive Plan
 
None.
 
Warrants and Convertible Securities
 
As of December 1, 2017, we had granted warrants exercisable into shares of common stock, granted options (not all of which had vested) exercisable into shares of common stock. The issuance of any shares of common stock pursuant to exercise of such options and warrants could be at per share price below the offering price of shares being acquired in this offering.
 
Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities
 
None.
 
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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
 
Overview
 
Q BioMed Inc. was incorporated in the State of Nevada on November 22, 2013 and is a biomedical acceleration and development company focused on licensing, acquiring and providing strategic resources to life sciences and healthcare companies. We intend to mitigate risk by acquiring multiple assets over time and across a broad spectrum of healthcare related products, companies and sectors.  We intend to develop these assets to provide returns via organic growth, revenue production, out-licensing, sale or spin out.
 
Recent Developments
 
Acquisition of BNI license right
 
On September 6, 2016, we entered into the Patent and Technology License and Purchase Option Agreement with BioNucleonics Inc. whereby we were granted a worldwide, exclusive, perpetual, license on, and option to, acquire all of BNI’s assets related to an FDA approved generic drug for the treatment of pain associated with metastatic bone cancer, Strontium Chloride, within the three-year term of the exclusive license.
 
This licensed radiopharmaceutical agent is indicated for the treatment of bone pain associated with metastatic cancer. SR89 provides long lasting relief for patients suffering from bone pain due to metastatic cancer, typically caused by advanced-stage breast, prostate or lung cancer. The drug is preferentially absorbed in bone metastases, it has been proven to provide a long-term effect resulting in non-narcotic cancer pain relief and enhanced quality of life. 
 
In exchange for the consideration, we agreed to, upon reaching various milestones, issue to BNI an aggregate of 110,000 shares of common stock that are subject to restriction from trading until commercialization of the product (approximately 12 months) and subsequent leak-out conditions and provide funding to BNI for an aggregate of $850,000 in cash, of which we had paid $20,000 as of November 30, 2016.  Once we have funded up to $850,000 in cash, we may exercise its option to acquire the BNI IP at no additional charge.  In September 2016, we issued 50,000 shares of common stock, with a fair value of $160,500, to BNI pursuant to the exclusive license.
 
In the event that: (i) we do not exercise the option to purchase the BNI IP; (ii) we fail to make the aggregate cash payment within three years from the date of the exclusive license; or (iii) we fail to make a diligent, good faith and commercially reasonable effort to progress the BNI IP, all BNI IP shall revert to BNI and we shall be granted the right to collect twice the monies invested through that date of reversion by way of a royalty along with other consideration which may be perpetual.
 
Acquisition of ASDERA license right
 
On April 21, 2017, we entered into a License Agreement on Patent & Know-How Technology with ASDERA whereby ASDERA granted us the exclusive license on the ASDERA IP.
 
Among the more than 60,000 US children who develop autism spectrum disorders, or ASD, every year, approximately 20,000 become nonverbal and will have to rely on assisted living for the rest of their lives.  The ASDERA IP is intended to treat the rare pediatric condition (nonverbal disorder) during the second year of life, when children learn to speak.
 
The initial cost to acquire the exclusive license from ASDERA was $50,000 and the issuance of 125,000 shares of our unregistered common stock subject to a leak-out conditions after the Rule 144 period has ended. In addition to royalties based upon net sales of the product candidate, if any, we are required to make additional payments upon the following milestones:
 
● 
the filing of an investigational new drug application, or IND, with the US Food and Drug Administration;
 
● 
successful interim results of Phase II/III clinical trial of the product candidate;
 
● 
FDA acceptance of a new drug application;
 
● 
FDA approval of the product candidate; and
 
● 
achieving certain worldwide net sales.
 
Subject to the terms of the Agreement, we will be in control of the development and commercialization of the product candidate and are responsible for the costs of such development and commercialization.  We have undertaken a good-faith commitment to (i) initiate a Phase II/III clinical trial at the earlier of the two-year anniversary of the Agreement or one year from the FDA’s approval of the IND and (ii) to make our first commercial sale by the fifth-anniversary of the Agreement.  Failure to show a good-faith effort to meet those goals would mean that the ASDERA IP would revert to ASDERA.  Upon such reversion, ASDERA would be obligated to pay us royalties on any sales of products derived from the ASDERA IP until such time that ASDERA has paid us twice the sum that we had provided ASDERA prior to the reversion.
 
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Acquisition of Uttroside license right
 
On June 15, 2017, we entered into a Technology License Agreement with RGCB and OMRF whereby they granted us the exclusive license for Uttroside on intellectual property related to Uttroside-B.  Uttroside-B is a chemical compound that w e seek to use to create a  chemotherapeutic agent against liver cancer.
 
The initial cost to acquire the Uttroside exclusive license is $10,000. In addition to royalties based upon net sales of the product candidate, if any, we are required to make additional payments upon the following milestones:
 
● 
the completion of certain preclinical studies;
 
● 
the filing of an investigational new drug application with the US Food and Drug Administration or the filing of the equivalent application with an equivalent governmental agency;
 
● 
successful completion of each of Phase I, Phase II and Phase III clinical trials;
 
● 
FDA approval of the product candidate;
 
● 
approval by the foreign equivalent of the FDA of the product candidate;
 
● 
achieving certain worldwide net sales; and
 
● 
a change of control of our Company.
 
Subject to the terms of the Uttroside exclusive license, we will be in control of the development and commercialization of the product candidate and are responsible for the costs of such development and commercialization.  We have undertaken a good-faith commitment to (i) fund the pre-clinical trials and (ii) to initiate a Phase II clinical trial within six years of the date of the Agreement.  Failure to show a good-faith effort to meet those goals would mean that the Uttroside exclusive license would revert to the licensors.
 
Mannin License Update
Additionally, Mannin Research Inc. our technology partner company focused on drug candidate MAN 01 for treatment of Primary Open Angle Glaucoma (POAG), has initiated pre-clinical lead candidate optimization of a small molecule for topical application. Lead candidate selection is progressing on-time and on-budget. The topical application in the form of an easy to administer eye drop is a key differentiator for Mannin and aims to solve the compliance problems and invasive procedures currently available to patients suffering from glaucoma.
 
Mannin is continuing its focus on research and discovery on the biology of Tie2/TEK signaling and its relationship with Schlemm’s Canal function and regulation of intra-ocular pressure. Additional data sets and IP have been developed around this novel mechanism of action.  Mannin is evaluating strategic partnerships opportunities to grow its intellectual property portfolio within the Tie2/TEK signaling market, and is seeking complementary technologies to strengthen its product pipeline. We are pleased with the progress Mannin research teams have achieved over the past three months. Recent work in the lab underscores the essential role of the Mannin platform in the development of the anterior chamber of the eye – which contain the structures needed to maintain safe levels of intraocular pressure.
 
In February 2017, Mannin Research, was accepted into Johnson & Johnson Innovation, JLABS @ Toronto. JLABS @ Toronto is a 40,000 square-foot life science innovation center. The labs provide a flexible environment for start-up companies pursuing new technologies and research platforms to advance medical care. Through a "no strings attached" model, Johnson & Johnson Innovation does not take an equity stake in the companies occupying JLABS and the companies are free to develop products - either on their own, or by initiating a separate external partnership with Johnson & Johnson Innovation or any other company.
 
Mannin will utilize JLABS @ Toronto as complementary lab space to conduct commercial research and development as it relates to its MAN 01 program for Glaucoma and to the greater Tie2 platform technology. As a resident, Mannin will have access to the development and commercialization expertise provided by JLABS @ Toronto.
 
On November 14, 2017 Mannin received funding for a proof of concept study of a new biologic therapeutic for glaucoma. The R&D funding from the National Research Council of Canada Industrial Research Assistance Program (NRC IRAP) will be used to initiate work on a Tie2-activating biologic for the treatment of glaucoma
 
29
 
 
 
 
 
Financial Overview
 
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
 
Our management's discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations is based on our audited financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles, or U.S. GAAP. The preparation of the financial statements requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, as well as the reported revenue generated and expenses incurred during the reporting periods. Our estimates are based on our historical experience and on various other factors that we believe are reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying value of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions and any such differences may be material. We believe that the accounting policies discussed below are critical to understanding our historical and future performance, as these policies relate to the more significant areas involving management's judgments and estimates.
 
Fair value of financial instruments
 
Fair value estimates discussed herein are based upon certain market assumptions and pertinent information available to management as of November 30, 2016 and 2015.  The respective carrying value of certain on-balance-sheet financial instruments approximated their fair values. These financial instruments include cash and accounts payable. Fair values were assumed to approximate carrying values for cash and accounts payable because they are short term in nature.
 
FASB Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) 820 “ Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures ” (ASC 820) defines fair value as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. ASC 820 also establishes a fair value hierarchy that distinguishes between (1) market participant assumptions developed based on market data obtained from independent sources (observable inputs) and (2) an entity’s own assumptions about market participant assumptions developed based on the best information available in the circumstances (unobservable inputs). The fair value hierarchy consists of three broad levels, which gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3). The three levels of the fair value hierarchy are described below:
 
● 
Level 1 : The preferred inputs to valuation efforts are “quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities,” with the caveat that the reporting entity must have access to that market.  Information at this level is based on direct observations of transactions involving the same assets and liabilities, not assumptions, and thus offers superior reliability. However, relatively few items, especially physical assets, actually trade in active markets.
 
● 
Level 2 : FASB acknowledged that active markets for identical assets and liabilities are relatively uncommon and, even when they do exist, they may be too thin to provide reliable information. To deal with this shortage of direct data, the board provided a second level of inputs that can be applied in three situations.
 
● 
Level 3 : If inputs from levels 1 and 2 are not available, FASB acknowledges that fair value measures of many assets and liabilities are less precise. The board describes Level 3 inputs as “unobservable,” and limits their use by saying they “shall be used to measure fair value to the extent that observable inputs are not available.” This category allows “for situations in which there is little, if any, market activity for the asset or liability at the measurement date”. Earlier in the standard, FASB explains that “observable inputs” are gathered from sources other than the reporting company and that they are expected to reflect assumptions made by market participants.
 
Fair value measurements discussed herein are based upon certain market assumptions and pertinent information available to management as of and during the years ended November 30, 2016 and 2015. The respective carrying value of cash and accounts payable approximated their fair values as they are short term in nature.
 
As of November 30, 2016, the estimated aggregate fair value of all outstanding convertible notes payable is approximately $3.3 million. The fair value estimate is based on the estimated option value of the conversion terms, since the strike price of each note series is deep in-the-money at November 30, 2016. The estimated fair value represents a Level 3 measurement.
 
Embedded Conversion Features
 
We evaluate embedded conversion features within convertible debt to determine whether the embedded conversion feature(s) should be bifurcated from the host instrument and accounted for as a derivative at fair value with changes in fair value recorded in the Statement of Operations.  If the conversion feature does not require recognition of a bifurcated derivative, the convertible debt instrument is evaluated for consideration of any beneficial conversion feature (“BCF”) requiring separate recognition. When we record a BCF, the intrinsic value of the BCF is recorded as a debt discount against the face amount of the respective debt instrument (offset to additional paid-in capital) and amortized to interest expense over the life of the debt.
 
30
 
 
 
 
 
Derivative Financial Instruments
 
We do not use derivative instruments to hedge exposures to cash flow, market, or foreign currency risks. We evaluate all of our financial instruments, including issued stock purchase warrants, to determine if such instruments are derivatives or contain features that qualify as embedded derivatives. For derivative financial instruments that are accounted for as liabilities, the derivative instrument is initially recorded at its fair value and is then re-valued at each reporting date, with changes in the fair value reported in the Statement of Operations. Depending on the features of the derivative financial instrument, we use either the Black-Scholes option-pricing model or a binomial model to value the derivative instruments at inception and subsequent valuation dates.  The classification of derivative instruments, including whether such instruments should be recorded as liabilities or as equity, is re-assessed at the end of each reporting period.
 
Stock Based Compensation Issued to Nonemployees
 
Common stock issued to non-employees for acquiring goods or providing services is recognized at fair value when the goods are obtained or over the service period. If the award contains performance conditions, the measurement date of the award is the earlier of the date at which a commitment for performance by the non-employee is reached or the date at which performance is reached. A performance commitment is reached when performance by the non-employee is probable because of sufficiently large disincentives for nonperformance.
 
Research and Development
 
We expense the cost of research and development as incurred.  Research and development expenses comprise costs incurred in funding research and development activities, license fees, and other external costs. Nonrefundable advance payments for goods and services that will be used in future research and development activities are expensed when the activity is performed or when the goods have been received, rather than when payment is made, in accordance with ASC 730,  Research and Development .
 
Income Taxes
 
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are computed based upon the difference between the financial statement and income tax basis of assets and liabilities using the enacted marginal tax rate applicable when the related asset or liability is expected to be realized or settled.  Deferred income tax expenses or benefits are based on the changes in the asset or liability each period.  If available evidence suggests that it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized, a valuation allowance is required to reduce the deferred tax assets to the amount that is more likely than not to be realized.  Future changes in such valuation allowance are included in the provision for deferred income taxes in the period of change.
 
Deferred income taxes may arise from temporary differences resulting from income and expense items reported for financial accounting and tax purposes in different periods.  Deferred taxes are classified as current or non-current, depending on the classification of assets and liabilities to which they relate.  Deferred taxes arising from temporary differences that are not related to an asset or liability are classified as current or non-current depending on the periods in which the temporary differences are expected to reverse.
 
We apply a more-likely-than-not recognition threshold for all tax uncertainties, which only allows the recognition of those tax benefits that have a greater than fifty percent likelihood of being sustained upon examination by the taxing authorities. As of November 30, 2016, we reviewed our tax positions and determined there were no outstanding, or retroactive tax positions with less than a 50% likelihood of being sustained upon examination by the taxing authorities, therefore this standard has not had a material effect on us.
 
Our policy for recording interest and penalties associated with audits is to record such expense as a component of income tax expense. There were no amounts accrued for penalties or interest during the years ended November 30, 2016. Management is currently unaware of any issues under review that could result in significant payments, accruals or material deviations from its position.
 
31
 
 
 
 
 
Recent accounting pronouncements
 
In August 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2014-15,  Disclosure of Uncertainties about an Entity’s Ability to Continue as a Going Concern  that will require management to evaluate whether there are conditions and events that raise substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the financial statements are issued on both an interim and annual basis. Management will be required to provide certain footnote disclosures if it concludes that substantial doubt exists or when its plans alleviate substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern. We adopted ASU No. 2014-15 in the fourth quarter of 2016, and its adoption did not have a material impact on our financial statements.
 
In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-06,  Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Contingent Put and Call Options in Debt Instruments . This new standard simplifies the embedded derivative analysis for debt instruments containing contingent call or put options by removing the requirement to assess whether a contingent event is related to interest rates or credit risks. This new standard will be effective for us on January 1, 2017. The adoption of this standard is not expected to have a material impact on our financial position, results of operations, or cash flows.
 
In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-15,  Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments . This new standard clarifies certain aspects of the statement of cash flows, including the classification of debt prepayment or debt extinguishment costs or other debt instruments with coupon interest rates that are insignificant in relation to the effective interest rate of the borrowing, contingent consideration payments made after a business combination, proceeds from the settlement of insurance claims, proceeds from the settlement of corporate-owned life insurance policies, distributions received from equity method investees and beneficial interests in securitization transactions. This new standard also clarifies that an entity should determine each separately identifiable source of use within the cash receipts and payments on the basis of the nature of the underlying cash flows. In situations in which cash receipts and payments have aspects of more than one class of cash flows and cannot be separated by source or use, the appropriate classification should depend on the activity that is likely to be the predominant source or use of cash flows for the item. This new standard will be effective for us on January 1, 2018. We are currently evaluating the impact of this new standard and does not expect it to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements. 
 
In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-01,  Business Combinations (Topic 805): Clarifying the Definition of a Business . This new standard clarifies the definition of a business and provides a screen to determine when an integrated set of assets and activities is not a business. The screen requires that when substantially all of the fair value of the gross assets acquired (or disposed of) is concentrated in a single identifiable asset or a group of similar identifiable assets, the set is not a business. This new standard will be effective for us on January 1, 2018, but may be adopted early. Adoption is prospectively applied to any business development transaction. The adoption of this standard is not expected to have a material impact on our financial position, results of operations, or cash flows.
 
In July 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-11, “Earnings Per Share (Topic 260); Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity (Topic 480); Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815). Part I of this Update addresses the complexity of accounting for certain financial instruments with down-round features. The amendments in Part I of this update change the classification analysis of certain equity-lined financial instruments (or embedded features) with down-round features. When determining whether certain financial instruments should be classified as liability or equity instruments, a down-round feature no longer precludes equity classification when assessing whether the instrument is indexed to an entity’s own stock. The amendments also clarify existing disclosure requirements for equity-classified instruments. For public business entities, the amendments in Part I for this update are effective for fiscal years and interim periods with those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2018. For all other entities, the amendments in Part I of this Update are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020. Early adoption is permitted for all entities, including adoption in an interim period. If an entity early adopts the amendments in an interim period, any adjustments should be reflected as of the beginning of the fiscal year that includes the interim period. The Company is evaluating the impact of the revised guidance and believes that this will have a significant impact on its consolidated financial statements.
 
32
 
 
 
 
 
Unaudited Results of Operations for the Three Months Ended August 31, 2017 and 2016:
 
Q BioMed Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations
(Unaudited)
 
 
 
For the three months ended
August 31,
 
 
 
2017
 
 
2016
 
Operating expenses:
 
 
 
 
 
 
General and administrative expenses
 
$
3,038,018
 
 
$
1,150,964
 
Research and development expenses
 
 
697,966
 
 
 
443,222
 
Total operating expenses
 
 
3,735,984
 
 
 
1,594,186
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other income (expenses):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest expense
 
 
(202,160
)
 
 
(114,847
)
Interest income
 
 
15
 
 
 
-
 
Loss on conversion of debt
 
 
-
 
 
 
(29,032
)
Loss on extinguishment of debt
 
 
(76,251
)
 
 
-
 
Loss on issuance of convertible notes
 
 
-
 
 
 
(28,000
)
Change in fair value of embedded conversion option
 
 
32,983
 
 
 
50,000
 
Change in fair value of warrant liability
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
Total other expenses
 
 
(245,413
)
 
 
(121,879
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net loss
 
$
(3,981,397
)
 
$
(1,716,065
)
 
Operating expenses
 
We incur various costs and expenses in the execution of our business. The increase in operating expenses was mainly due to more professional fees incurred in connection with the license agreements with Mannin, BNI and Asdera as well as the issuance and conversion of convertible notes.
 
Other expenses
 
During the three months ended August 31, 2017, other expenses included approximately $202,000 in interest expense, a gain of $33,000 for the change in fair value of embedded conversion options, approximately $76,000 in loss on the extinguishment of debt. During the three months ended August 31, 2016, other expenses included approximately $115,000 in interest expense, a gain of $50,000 for the change in fair value of embedded conversion options, $28,000 in loss on the issuance of convertible debt, and $29,000 in loss on conversion of debt.
 
The increase in other expenses were mainly due to the loss in extinguishment of debt and less gain in change in fair value of embedded conversion option.
 
Net loss
 
In the three months ended August 31, 2017 and 2016, we incurred net losses of approximately $4 million and $1.7 million, respectively. Our management expects to continue to incur net losses for the foreseeable future, due to our need to continue to establish a broader pipeline of assets, expenditure on R&D and implement other aspects of our business plan.
 
33
 
 
 
 
 
Unaudited Results of Operations for the nine months ended August 31, 2017 and 2016:
 
 
 
For the nine months ended August 31,
 
 
 
2017
 
 
2016
 
Operating expenses:
 
 
 
 
 
 
General and administrative expenses
 
$
6,122,565
 
 
$
3,637,868
 
Research and development expenses
 
 
2,296,324
 
 
 
663,500
 
Total operating expenses
 
 
8,418,889
 
 
 
4,301,368
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other income (expenses):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest expense
 
 
(635,267
)
 
 
(304,596
)
Interest income
 
 
123
 
 
 
-
 
Loss on conversion of debt
 
 
(365,373
)
 
 
(89,210
)
Loss on extinguishment of debt
 
 
(76,251
)
 
 
-
 
Loss on issuance of convertible notes
 
 
-
 
 
 
(481,000
)
Change in fair value of embedded conversion option
 
 
(812,017
)
 
 
362,000
 
Change in fair value of warrant liability
 
 
(59,870
)
 
 
-
 
Total other expenses
 
 
(1,948,655
)
 
 
(512,806
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net loss
 
$
(10,367,544
)
 
$
(4,814,174
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Operating expenses
 
We incur various costs and expenses in the execution of our business. The increase in operating expenses was mainly due to more professional fees incurred in connection with the license agreements with Mannin, BNI and Asdera as well as the issuance and conversion of convertible notes.
 
Other expenses
 
During the nine months ended August 31, 2017, other expenses included approximately $635,000 in interest expense, $812,000 for the change in fair value of embedded conversion options, approximately $60,000 for the change in fair value of warrant liability, $76,000 in loss on extinguishment of debt, and approximately $365,000 in loss on conversion of debt.  During the nine months ended August 31, 2016, other expenses included approximately $305,000 in interest expense, a gain of $362,000 for the change in fair value of embedded conversion options, $481,000 in loss on the issuance of convertible debt, and approximately $89,000 in loss on conversion of debt. 
 
The increase in other expenses were mainly due to interest expense and the change in fair value of embedded conversion option.
 
Net loss
 
In the nine months ended August 31, 2017 and 2016, we incurred net losses of approximately $10.4 million and $4.8 million, respectively.  Our management expects to continue to incur net losses for the foreseeable future, due to our need to continue to establish a base of operations and implement other aspects of our business plan.
 
34
 
 
 
 
 
Results of Operation for the Fiscal Years Ended November 30, 2016 and 2015
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
For the years ended November 30,
 
 
 
2016
 
 
2015
 
Operating expenses:
 
 
 
 
 
 
General and administrative expenses
 
$
5,032,257
 
 
$
354,138
 
Research and development expenses
 
 
1,314,250
 
 
 
598,000
 
Total operating expenses
 
 
6,346,507
 
 
 
952,138
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other (income) expense:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest expense
 
 
480,285
 
 
 
14,511
 
Gain on extinguishment of convertible note
 
 
(134,085
)
 
 
-
 
Loss on conversion of debt
 
 
85,123
 
 
 
20,968
 
Loss on issuance of convertible notes
 
 
481,000
 
 
 
-
 
Change in fair value of embedded conversion option
 
 
(121,000
)
 
 
99,000
 
Change in fair value of warrant liability
 
 
(7,587
)
 
 
-
 
Loss on modification of Private Placement Units
 
 
41,268
 
 
 
-
 
Total other expenses
 
 
825,004
 
 
 
134,479
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net Loss:
 
$
(7,171,511
)
 
$
(1,086,617
)
 
Revenues
 
Q BioMed Inc. was incorporated, in the State of Nevada on November 22, 2013, focusing on licensing, acquiring and providing strategic resources to life sciences and healthcare companies.  Revenue will only be possible when we have acquired licenses for commercially ready assets that can be sold. During the years ended November 30, 2016 and 2015, we did not generate any revenues.
 
Operating expenses
 
We incur various costs and expenses in the execution of our business. During the year ended November 30, 2016, we incurred approximately $6.3 million in total expenses, including approximately $5 million in general and administrative expenses and approximately $1.3 million in research and development expenses.  During the year ended November 30, 2015, we incurred approximately $1 million in total expenses, including approximately $0.4 million in general and administrative expenses and $0.6 million in research and development expenses.  The increase in general and administrative expenses was mainly due to an increase in business development and marketing activities in fiscal year 2016 as compared to the prior year.  The increase in research and development was mainly due to the investment to BNI and Mannin, pursuant to the agreements, in fiscal 2016.
 
Other (income) expenses
 
Our total other expenses increased to $825,000 during the year ended November 30, 2016 from $134,000 during the prior year, primarily as the result of increases in interest expense, losses on the issuance of convertible notes, and losses on the conversion of debt, partially offset by gains on extinguishments of convertible notes and the change in fair value of bifurcated conversion options of certain convertible notes.
 
During the year ended November 30, 2016, interest expense increased to $480,000 from $15,000 in the prior year, resulting from the increase in debt year-over-year. We raised $2,645,000 in debt during the year ended November 30, 2016. Interest expense in the year ended November 30, 2016 is comprised of approximately $414,000 accretion of debt discount and approximately $66,000 of accrued interest expense based on the coupon interest rate of the debt.
 
During the year ended November 30, 2016, we recognized losses upon the issuance of convertible notes of $481,000 and had no such losses in the prior year. In connection with the issuance of our Series A, B, C Notes, and the original issuance of our Series D Notes, during the year ended November 30, 2016, the embedded conversion feature in each note was separately measured at fair value. The initial recognition resulted in an aggregate debt discount of approximately $750,000, and an aggregate loss of $481,000, which represented the excess of the fair value of the embedded conversion at initial issuance of $1.2 million over the aggregate principal amount of convertible debt issued. 
 
35
 
 
 
 
 
During the year ended November 30, 2016, losses on conversion of debt increased to approximately $85,000 from approximately $21,000 in the prior year. The recognized losses result for the conversion of notes where the conversion option has been bifurcated for accounting purposes. As a result, conversions are recognized as an extinguishment of the bifurcated conversion option and of the loan host, which results in a gain or loss based on the difference between the carrying value of the conversion option and loan host compared to the fair value of the common stock issued to convert the note.
 
During the year ended November 30, 2016, we recognized a gain of approximately $134,000 resulting from a modification of outstanding Series D convertible notes that was recognized as an extinguishment. No such gain was recognized in the prior year.
 
During the year ended November 30, 2016, we recognized a gain of $121,000 for the aggregate decrease in fair value of conversion options embedded in convertible notes. We recognized a loss of $99,000 in the year ended November 30, 2015 for the aggregate increase in fair value of conversion options. In connection with the issuance of our Series A, B, C Notes, and the original issuance of our Series D Notes, in the years ended November 30, 2016 and 2016, the embedded conversion feature in each note was separately measured at fair value with subsequent changes in fair value recognized in current operations. We use a binomial valuation model, with fourteen steps of the binomial tree, to estimate the fair value of the embedded conversion options.
 
Net loss
 
In the years ended November 30, 2016 and 2015, we incurred net losses of approximately $7.2 million and $1.1 million, respectively. Our management expects to continue to incur net losses for the foreseeable future, due to our need to continue to open a new head office, improve our website and implement other aspects of our business plan.
 
Liquidity and Capital Resources
 
We have not yet established an ongoing source of revenues sufficient to cover our operating costs and allow us to continue as a going concern. We had a working capital deficit of approximately $1.8 million as of November 30, 2016 and of approximately $10,000 in working capital as of August 31, 2017.  We prepared the accompanying financial statements assuming that we will continue as a going concern, which contemplates the realization of assets and liquidation of liabilities in the normal course of business. We had a net loss of approximately $7.2 million and $1.1 million during the years ended November 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively, and a net loss of approximately $10.4 million for the nine months ended August 31, 2017.  We had net cash used in operating activities of approximately $1.5 million and $91,000 during years ended November 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively, and had net cash used in operating activities of approximately $3.9 million for the nine months ended August 31, 2017.  These matters, among others, raise substantial doubts about our ability to continue as a going concern.
 
Our ability to continue as a going concern depends on the ability to obtain adequate capital to fund operating losses until we generate adequate cash flows from operations to fund its operating costs and obligations. If we are unable to obtain adequate capital, we could be forced to cease operations.
 
We depend upon our ability, and will continue to attempt, to secure equity and/or debt financing.  We might not be successful, and without sufficient financing it would be unlikely for us to continue as a going concern.  The accompanying financial statements do not include any adjustments relating to the recoverability and classification of recorded asset amounts, or amounts and classification of liabilities that might result from this uncertainty.
 
Cash Flows
 
The following table sets forth the significant sources and uses of cash for the periods addressed in this report:
 
 
For the years ended November 30,
 
For the nine months ended August 31,
 
 
2016
 
2015
 
2017
 
2016
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net cash provided by (used in):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Operating activities
 
$
(1,545,259
)
 
$
(91,392
)
 
$
(3,923,455
)
 
$
(868,497
)
Financing activities
 
 
2,882,575
 
 
 
210,151
 
 
 
4,953,900
 
 
 
875,075
 
Net increase (decrease) in cash
 
$
1,337,316
 
 
$
118,759
 
 
 
1,030,445
 
 
 
6,578
 
 
36
 
 
 
 
 
Net cash used in operating activities was approximately $1.5 million for the year ended November 30, 2016 as compared to approximately $91,000 for the year ended November 30, 2015.  T he increase in net cash used in operating activities results from the net loss of approximately $7.2 million for the year ended November 30, 2016, partially offset by aggregate non-cash expenses of approximately $5 million.  The net cash used in operating activities for the year ended November 30, 2015 results primarily from to the net loss of approximately $1.1 million, partially offset by a non-cash expense of $905,000.
 
Net cash used in operating activities was approximately $4 million for the nine months ended August 31, 2017 as compared to approximately $869,000 for the nine months ended August 31, 2016.  The increase in net cash used in operating activities relates to the net loss of approximately $10.4 million for the nine months ended August 31, 2017, partially offset by aggregate non-cash expenses of approximately $6.4 million.  The net cash used in operating activities for the nine months ended August 31, 2016 relates to the net loss of approximately $4.8 million for the nine months ended August 31, 2016, partially offset by aggregate non-cash expenses of approximately $3.5 million.
 
Net cash provided by financing activities was approximately $2.9 million for the year ended November 30, 2016, resulting mainly from proceeds received from the issuance of convertible notes payable and note payable and issuance of common stock and warrants through the private placement.   Net cash provided by financing activities was approximately $210,000 for the year ended November 30, 2015, resulting from proceeds received from the issuance of convertible notes payable.
 
Net cash provided by financing activities was approximately $5 million for the nine months ended August 31, 2017, resulting mainly from proceeds received from the issuance of convertible notes payable and private placement.  Net cash provided by financing activities was $875,000 for the nine months ended August 31, 2016, resulting mainly from proceeds received from the issuance of convertible notes payable.
 
Obligations and Commitments
 
License Agreements
 
Mannin
 
Pursuant to the license agreement with Mannin as disclosed in our Annual Form 10-K, filed with the SEC on February 28, 2017, during the three and nine months ended August 31, 2017, we incurred approximately $525,000 and $1.4 million, respectively, in research and development expenses to fund the costs of development of the eye drop treatment for glaucoma pursuant to the Patent and Technology License and Purchase Option Agreement.  Through August 31, 2017, we have funded an aggregate of $2.15 million to Mannin under the exclusive license.
 
Bio-Nucleonics
 
On September 6, 2016, we entered into the Patent and Technology License and Purchase Option Agreement with Bio-Nucleonics Inc. whereby we were granted a worldwide, exclusive, perpetual, license on, and option to, acquire certain BNI intellectual property within the three-year term of the exclusive license.
 
During the three and nine months ended August 31, 2017, we incurred approximately $144,000 and $352,500, respectively, in research and development expenses pursuant to the exclusive license with BNI.  As of August 31, 2017, we had paid approximately $351,700 to BNI out of the $850,000 cash funding requirement. We are not obligated to provide further funding to BNI until BNI satisfies all of its pre-existing obligations totaling $163,500.  To this end, we had provided an aggregate of approximately $59,000 through August 31, 2017 to BNI to help settle its obligations, which we recognized as research and development expenses in the accompanying Statements of Operations.
 
Asdera
 
On April 21, 2017, we entered into a License Agreement on Patent & Know-How Technology with Asdera LLC whereby we were granted a worldwide, exclusive, license on certain Asdera intellectual property. The initial cost to acquire the Asdera License is $50,000 and the issuance of 125,000 shares of our common stock, with a fair value of $487,500, of which we had fully paid and issued as of August 31, 2017. In addition to royalties based upon net sales of the product candidate, if any, we are required to make certain additional payments upon the following milestones:
 
● 
the filing of an investigational new drug application with the US Food and Drug Administration;
 
● 
successful interim results of Phase II/III clinical trial of the product candidate;
 
● 
FDA acceptance of a new drug application;
 
● 
FDA approval of the product candidate; and
 
● 
achieving certain worldwide net sales.
 
Subject to the terms of the Agreement, we will be in control of the development and commercialization of the product candidate and are responsible for the costs of such development and commercialization.  We have undertaken a good-faith commitment to (i) initiate a Phase II/III clinical trial at the earlier of the two-year anniversary of the agreement or one year from the FDA’s approval of the IND and (ii) to make the first commercial sale by the fifth-anniversary of the agreement.  Failure to show a good-faith effort to meet those goals would mean that the Asdera IP would revert to Asdera.  Upon such reversion, Asdera would be obligated to pay us royalties on any sales of products derived from the Asdera IP until such time that Asdera has paid us twice the sum that we had provided Asdera prior to the reversion.
 
37
 
 
 
 
 
OMRF
 
OMRF License Agreement
 
On June 15, 2017, we entered into a Technology License Agreement with the Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, an autonomous research institute under the Government of India, and the Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, (“OMRF” and together with RGCB, the “Licensors”), whereby the OMRF and RGCB granted us a worldwide, exclusive, license on intellectual property related to Uttroside-B (the “Uttroside-B IP”).  Uttroside-B is a chemical compound derived from the plant  Solanum nigrum Linn, also known as Black Nightshade or Makoi.  We seek to use the Uttroside-B IP to create a  chemotherapeutic agent against liver cancer.
 
The initial cost to acquire the  OMRF  License Agreement is $10,000. In addition to royalties based upon net sales of the product candidate, if any, we are required to make additional payments upon the following milestones:
 
● 
the completion of certain preclinical studies (the “Pre-Clinical Trials”);
 
● 
the filing of an investigational new drug application (the “IND”) with the US Food and Drug Administration (“FDA”) or the filing of the equivalent of an IND with the foreign equivalent of the FDA;
 
● 
successful completion of each of Phase I, Phase II and Phase III clinical trials;
 
● 
FDA approval of the product candidate;
 
● 
approval by the foreign equivalent of the FDA of the product candidate;
 
● 
achieving certain worldwide net sales; and
 
● 
a change of control of QBIO.
 
Subject to the terms of the Agreement, we will be in control of the development and commercialization of the product candidate and are responsible for the costs of such development and commercialization.  We have undertaken a good-faith commitment to (i) fund the Pre-Clinical Trials and (ii) to initiate a Phase II clinical trial within six years of the date of the Agreement.  Failure to show a good-faith effort to meet those goals would mean that the  OMRF License Agreement would revert to the OMRF and RGCB.
 
Milestones
 
No milestones have been reached to date on these license agreements.

Legal
 
We are not currently involved in any legal matters arising in the normal course of business.  From time to time, we could become involved in disputes and various litigation matters that arise in the normal course of business.  These may include disputes and lawsuits related to intellectual property, licensing, contract law and employee relations matters.  Periodically, we review the status of significant matters, if any exist, and assesses its potential financial exposure. If the potential loss from any claim or legal claim is considered probable and the amount can be estimated, we accrue a liability for the estimated loss.  Legal proceedings are subject to uncertainties, and the outcomes are difficult to predict.  Because of such uncertainties, accruals are based on the best information available at the time.  As additional information becomes available, we reassess the potential liability related to pending claims and litigation.
 
Finder’s Agreement
 
In October 2016, we entered into two agreements to engage two financial advisors to assist us in our search for potential investors, vendors or partners to engage in a license, merger, joint venture or other business arrangement.
 
As a compensation for their efforts, we agreed to pay the financial advisors a fee equal to 7% and 8% in cash, and to pay one of the financial advisors an additional fee equal to 7% in warrants of all consideration received by us.  We have not incurred any finders’ fees pursuant to the agreements to-date.
 
Related Party Transactions
 
We entered into consulting agreements with certain management personnel and stockholders for consulting and legal services.  Consulting and legal expenses resulting from such agreements were approximately $102,500 and $104,000 for the three months ended August 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively, and were approximately $322,500 and $207,875 for the nine months ended August 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively, included within general and administrative expenses in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.
 
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
 
We do not have any off-balance sheet arrangements.
 
38
 
 
 
 
 
M ANAGEMENT
 
Directors and Executive Officers
 
Our directors and executive officers and their respective ages as of the date of this prospectus are as follows:
 
Name
 
Age
 
Position with the Company
Denis Corin
 
45
 
Chief Executive Officer, President, Chairman, Director
William Rosenstadt
 
49
 
Chief Legal Officer, Director
 
The following describes the business experience of each of our directors and executive officers, including other directorships held in reporting companies:
 
Denis Corin
 
Mr. Corin is a management consultant. He has worked for large pharmaceutical (Novartis) and diagnostic instrumentation companies (Beckman Coulter) in their sales organizations responsible for sales in multi-product disciplines including pharmaceuticals and diagnostics and diagnostic automation equipment. After Novartis and Beckman Coulter, he served as Director of Investor Relations at MIV Therapeutics Inc, a company specializing in next generation drug delivery and drug eluting cardiovascular stents. Mr. Corin served as an executive and on the board of directors of TapImmune Inc. from July 2009 to May 2012. Mr. Corin is an executive director of Soloro Metals Corp, a private mining exploration company and NPX Metals, a private mining exploration company. He holds a Bachelor’s degree in Economics and Marketing, from the University of Natal, South Africa. Mr. Corin dedicates over 40 hours per week fulfilling his duties to us.
 
William S. Rosenstadt
 
From 2006 to the present, Mr. William S. Rosenstadt, has been a Founding Partner at the law firm of Ortoli Rosenstadt LLP, a successor to Sanders Ortoli Vaughn-Flam Rosenstadt LLP. Mr. Rosenstadt has been a practicing international corporate and securities attorney since 1996, representing issuers, bankers and high-net worth individuals. Mr. Rosenstadt received his B.A. from Syracuse University in 1990 and a J.D. from the Benjamin N. Cardozo School of Law in 1995. Mr. Rosenstadt dedicates approximately 15 hours per week to fulfilling his duties to us.
 
Term of Office
 
Our directors are appointed for a one-year term to hold office until the next annual general meeting of our stockholders or until they resign or are removed from the board in accordance with our bylaws. Our officers are appointed by our Board of Directors and hold office until they resign or are removed from office by the Board of Directors.
 
Management Consultants
 
In addition to our executive officers, we have assembled a team of consultants to assist in the managerial, financial and scientific development of our company. These consultants include:
 
David Laskow-Pooley
 
Mr. Laskow-Pooley has 30 years of experience in all aspects of the discovery, development and commercialization of pharmaceutical products, diagnostics and devices. He is an industry veteran and has a distinguished career working for numerous pharmaceutical and life sciences companies. He has held director, executive officer and general management posts in both small and major multinational companies including GSK, Abbott, Amersham plc, Life technologies, OSI, Bilcare and Surface Therapeutics.
 
Christopher Manuele
 
Mr. Manuele has 35 years of comprehensive US and International expertise in nuclear medicine and medical isotope production. A long-time veteran of Amersham Health and GE Healthcare, he has launched core products; expanded products internationally; led the design, construction and FDA-approval of two brand new U.S. manufacturing facilities; and held responsibility for several full-GMP radiopharmaceutical manufacturing sites across the US and Europe. Before his retirement in 2008, Mr. Manuele served as General Manager – Global Nuclear Medicine Supply Chain for GE Healthcare, and General Manager – Oncura, GE’s global I-125 brachytherapy seeds business.
 
Ari Jatwes
 
Mr. Ari Jatwes is an analyst and a banker, with over twenty years of experience. He began his career in a large accounting firm, progressing to a reputable investment bank, where he gained his experience in mergers and acquisitions. Over the last decade Mr. Jatwes interest and focus has been in the biotech and pharma sector, which included trading biotech stocks from start up to late stage biotech companies, advising management and raising capital for their needs. He has played a role in several successful contracts and transactions in the healthcare space – with emphasis on the life sciences and immunotherapy. Mr. Jatwes holds two Master degrees and a Bachelor Degree from the University of South Africa and the University of Natal.
 
Robert Derham
 
Robert Derham has focused the majority of his career working with rare diseases and orphan products. For the past seven years he has focused on driving corporate change within medium and large pharmaceutical companies to transition their corporate strategy to an orphan drug development approach. In addition to driving corporate change, he conducted business development for companies looking for partnering, licensing or acquisition opportunities in the orphan drug space. Prior to that, he worked for Mondobiotech, Novartis, Syngenta Biopharma and Alexis Biopharma, always focused on orphan indications and corporate development. Robert is also the founder of CheckOrphan, a comprehensive media and information source for all news, videos, clinical trials, research, treatments and more about rare diseases and orphan products. He also has degrees in medical immunology and biochemistry and thoroughly enjoys diving into the science and research of the rare diseases, with which he is working.
 
Amy Ripka
 
Dr. Amy Ripka is Executive Director of Medicinal Chemistry at WuXi AppTec. She started her career at Bristol Myers Squibb and over 17 years has worked in various capacities in medicinal chemistry with many small companies, including EnVivo (FORUM) Pharmaceuticals as Head of Chemistry, Infinity, Daiamed, HydraBiosciences and FoldRx. Her current responsibilities include strategic planning in medicinal chemistry, early library drug design utilizing multiple in silico methods, hit optimization and overall screening architectures to advance early stage compounds through Phase I-II clinical development. Dr. Ripka’s therapeutic specialties include Neuroscience, Oncology, Thrombosis and Anti-Infective Disease areas. She has led multiple early stage programs resulting in four clinical candidates, two of which are marketed drugs. Her career has spanned big pharma, biotech and CROs where she has made significant contributions to each of these. Dr. Ripka, was elected by her peers to Chair the prestigious Medicinal Chemistry Gordon Research Conference and is currently serving a second elected term as the Industrial Councilor for the MEDI Division of the American Chemical Society. Dr. Ripka, received her Ph.D. in Chemistry from the University of Wisconsin-Madison with a double concentration in organic and medicinal chemistry, and did her post-doctoral studies with Nobel Laureate K. Barry Sharpless from The Scripps Research Institute. Dr. Ripka will advise Mannin’s scientific development and growth.
 
Dr. Rick Panicucci
 
Dr. Rick Panicucci is the Vice President of Pharmaceutical Development at WuXi AppTec. He is responsible for providing scientific leadership in the areas of Developability, Formulation Development and GMP Manufacturing. Dr. Panicucci plays an important role in the early stages of drug discovery for various companies. His responsibilities include solid state chemistry and formulation development of all small molecule therapeutics in early development, and developing novel drug delivery technologies for small molecules and large molecules including siRNA. Prior to WuXi he held the position of Global Head of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Profiling (CPP) at Novartis from 2004 to 2015, where he led the development and implementation of innovative dosage form designs and continuous manufacturing paradigms. He has also held positions as the Director of Formulation Development at Vertex Pharmaceuticals and Senior Scientist at Biogen. Dr. Panicucci received his Ph.D. in Physical Organic Chemistry at the University of Toronto, and has two post-doctoral fellowships at University of California at Santa Barbara and the Ontario Cancer Institute. Dr. Panicucci will advise our technology partner, Mannin Research Inc.’s development both scientifically and commercially.
 
Significant Employees
 
None. 
 
Audit Committee
 
We do not currently have an audit committee.
 
Compensation Committee
 
We do not currently have compensation committee.
 
Involvement in Certain Legal Proceedings
 
None of our directors, executive officers or control persons has been involved in any of the following events during the past five years: (i) any bankruptcy petition filed by or against any business of which such person was a general partner or executive officer either at the time of the bankruptcy or within two years prior to that time; (ii) any conviction in a criminal proceeding or being subject to a pending criminal proceeding (excluding traffic violations and other minor offences); (iii) being subject to any order, judgment or decree, not subsequently reversed, suspended or vacated, of any court of competent jurisdiction, permanently or temporarily enjoining, barring, suspending or otherwise limiting his involvement in any type of business, securities or banking activities; or (iv) being found by a court of competent jurisdiction (in a civil action), the SEC or the Commodity Futures Trading Commission to have violated a federal or state securities or commodities law, and the judgment has not been reversed, suspended or vacated.
 
Code of Ethics
 
We have not adopted a code of corporate conduct.
 
Compliance with Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act
 
Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act requires our directors and officers, and the persons who beneficially own more than 10% of our common stock, to file reports of ownership and changes in ownership with the SEC. Copies of all filed reports are required to be furnished to us pursuant to Rule 16a-3 promulgated under the Exchange Act. Based solely on the reports received by us and on the representations of the reporting persons, we believe that these persons have complied with all applicable filing requirements during the year ended November 30, 2017.
 
39
 
 
 
 
 
T RANSACTIONS WITH RELATED PERSONS
 
In January 2016, we issued a five-year warrant to a director and Chief Legal Officer of the Company to purchase 250,000 shares of common stock at a price of $4.15 per share, valued at $795,000 based on management’s estimate using the Black-Scholes option-valuation model, to the director for services and settlement of $30,000 in accounts payable.  The warrant is fully vested and is also exercisable on a cashless basis. On July 15, 2016, we issued this same person and our CEO, each, 150,000 five-year warrants to purchase 150,000 shares of our Common share at $1.45 per share.
 
On June 5, 2017, we issued warrants to purchase up to 350,000 shares of our common stock to each of Denis Corin, our President and Chief Executive Officer, and William Rosenstadt, our Chief Legal Officer. The warrants were issued as a bonus for their business development services to the Company over the last 12 months. The warrants are exercisable for five years at a per share price of $4.00. The warrants may not be exercised within the first six months of their issuance.
 
On June 5, 2017, we issued options to purchase up to 150,000 shares of our common stock to each of Denis Corin, our President and Chief Executive Officer, and William Rosenstadt, our Chief Legal Officer. 50,000 of the options were issued as compensation for their continue services on our board of directors through June 1, 2018 and 100,000 of the options were issued as compensation as officers through June 1, 2018. 37,500 of the options vest on September 1, 2017, 37,500 of the options vest on December 1, 2017, 37,500 of the options vest on March 1, 2018 and 37,500 of the options vest on June 1, 2018. The options are exercisable for five years at a per share price of $4.00. The options may not be exercised within the first six months of vesting.
 
E XECUTIVE COMPENSATION
 
Our directors do not receive any stated salary for their services as directors or members of committees of the board of directors, but by resolution of the board, a fixed fee may be allowed for attendance at each meeting. Directors may also serve the Company in other capacities as an officer, agent or otherwise, and may receive compensation for their services in such other capacity. No such fees have been paid to any director since incorporation.  Reasonable travel expenses are reimbursed.
 
Summary Compensation Table
 
The following table sets forth information concerning all cash compensation awarded to, earned by or paid to all individuals serving as the Company’s principal executive officers during the last two completed fiscal years ended November 30, 2016 and 2017, respectively and all non-cash compensation awarded to those same individuals in those time periods.
 
Name and
Principal Position
Year
 
Salary
($)
 
 
Bonus
($)
 
 
Stock
Awards
($)
 
 
Option
Awards
($) (4)(5)
 
 
Non-
Equity
Incentive
Plan
Compen-
sation
($)
 
 
Non-
qualified
Deferred
Compen-
sation
Earnings
($)
 
 
All
Other
Compen
-sation
($) (1)
 
 
Total
($)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Denis Corin (2)
2016
    -  
    -  
    -  
  $ 195,000  
    -  
    -  
  $ 63,655  
  $ 258,655  
Chief Executive Officer
2017
    -  
    -  
  $ -  
    1,545,000  
    -  
    -  
  $ 175,000  
  $ 1,720,000  
 
       
       
       
       
       
       
       
       
William Rosenstadt (3)
2016
    -  
    -  
    -  
  $ 1,055,000  
    -  
    -  
  $ 112,147  
  $ 1,167,147  
Chief Legal Officer
2017
    -  
    -  
  $ -  
    1,545,000  
    -  
    -  
  $ 280,248  
  $ 1,825,248  
 
       
       
       
       
       
       
       
       
(1) 
The amounts represent fees paid or accrued by us to the executive officers during the past year pursuant to various employment and consulting services agreements, as between us and the executive officers, which are described below. Our executive officers are also reimbursed for any out-of-pocket expenses incurred in connection with corporate duties. We presently have no pension, health, annuity, insurance, profit sharing or similar benefit plans.
 
(2) 
Mr. Denis Corin was appointed as Chief Executive Officer and Director on April 21, 2015.
 
(3) 
Mr. William Rosenstadt was appointed as Chief Legal Officer and Director on June 5, 2015.
 
(4) 
Represents the aggregate grant date fair value of warrants to purchase 50,000 common stock issued on July 15, 2016 to Mr. Corin and warrants to purchase 250,000 and 200,000 common stock issued on January 4, 2016 and July 15, 2016 to Mr. Rosenstadt, respectively, in accordance with FASB ASC.
 
(5) 
Represents the aggregate grant date fair value of warrants to purchase 350,000 common stock issued on June 5, 2017 and options to purchase 150,000 common stock issued on June 5, 2017 to each Mr. Corin and Mr. Rosenstadt, respectively, in accordance with FASB ASC. 50,000 of the option to purchase common stock issued on June 5, 2017 to each of Mr. Corin and Mr. Rosenstadt was compensation for their continued services on our board of directors through June 1, 2018.
 
40
 
 
 
 
 
Except for 50,000 of the options to purchase common stock issued on June 5, 2017 to each Mr. Corin and Mr. Rosenstadt as compensation for their continued services on our board of directors through June 1, 2018, we have not paid any compensation to our directors for their services as directors in the fiscal year ended November 30, 2016.  As set out above, we have paid compensation to our directors for their services as executive officers.
 
Compensation Agreements
 
On June 5, 2017, our subsidiary entered into an Executive Services Agreement with Denis Corin to provide services as our President and Chief Executive Officer. In exchange for the services, Mr. Corin receives $15,000 per month and received options granted on June 5, 2017 to acquire 100,000 shares of our common stock at $4.00 per share, of which option 25,00 options vest on each of September 1, 2017, December 1, 2017, March 1, 2018 and June 1, 2018 . The agreement has a term of two years and may be terminated by either party with 90 days’ notice. If we terminate the Executive Services Agreement without cause, we will owe the monthly fee for each remaining month during the term of the agreement.
 
Outstanding Equity Awards at Year End Table
 
The following table sets forth information as of November 30, 2016 relating to outstanding equity awards for each Named Executive Officer:
 

Name
 
Number of
Securities
Underlying
Unexercised
Options
(exercisable)
 
 
Number of
Securities
Underlying
Unexercised
Options
(unexercisable)
 
 
Number of
Securities
Underlying
Unexercised
Unearned
Options
 
 
Option
Exercise
Price
 
Option
Expiration
Date
 Denis Corin
    150,000  
    -  
    -  
  $ 1.45  
 July 15, 2021
 
    350,000  
       -
     -  
    4.00  
June 9, 2022 
 
     
     75,000  
     75,000  
    4.00  
June 9, 2022
 
       
       
       
       
 
  William Rosenstadt
    200,000  
    -  
    -  
  $ 1.45  
July 15, 2021
 
    250,000  
     -  
     -  
    4.15  
January 1, 2021
 
    350,000  
     -
      -
    4.00  
June 9, 2022
 
       
    75,000  
    75,000  
     4.00  
June 9, 2022
 
       
       
       
       
            
 
We did not award stock in our fiscal year ended November 30, 2017, and as of November 30, 2017, there were no plans or arrangements for the issuance of stock awards.
 
B ENEFICIAL OWNERSHIP OF PRINCIPAL STOCKHOLDERS, OFFICERS AND DIRECTORS
 
Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management
 
The following table sets forth, as of January 4, 2018, certain information regarding the ownership of our common stock by (i) each person known by us to be the beneficial owner of more than 5% of our outstanding shares of common stock, (ii) each of our directors, (iii) our Principal Executive Officer and (iv) all of our executive officers and directors as a group. Unless otherwise indicated, the address of each person shown is c/o Ortoli Rosenstadt LLP, 501 Madison Avenue 14 th  Floor, New York, New York 10022. Beneficial ownership, for purposes of this table, includes warrants and options to purchase common stock that are either currently exercisable or will be exercisable within 60 days of the date of this annual report.
 
Name and Address of Beneficial Owner
 
Amount and Nature of
Beneficial Owner (1)
 
 
 
Percent of Class (2)
 
Directors and Officers:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Denis Corin (3)
    3,000,000  
    23.6 %
William Rosenstadt (4)
    1,335,049  
    10.3 %
 
       
       
Directors and Officers as a Group (3)(4)
    4,335,049  
    32.1 %
 
       
       
Major Stockholders:
       
       
Ari Jatwes (5)
    860,000  
    7.0 %
Alan Lindsay
    1,136,000  
    9.3 %
 
       
       
 
 
   (1
)
Under Rule 13d-3, a beneficial owner of a security includes any person who, directly or indirectly, through any contract, arrangement, understanding, relationship, or otherwise has or shares: (1) voting power, which includes the power to vote, or to direct the voting of shares; and (ii) investment power, which includes the power to dispose or direct the disposition of shares. Certain shares may be deemed to be beneficially owned by more than one person (if, for example, persons share the power to vote or the power to dispose of the shares. In addition, shares are deemed to be beneficially owned by a person if the person has the right to acquire the shares (for example, upon the exercise of an option) within 60 days of the date as of which the information is provided. In computing the percentage ownership of any person, the amount of shares outstanding is deemed to include the amount of shares beneficially owned by such person (and only such person) by reason of these acquisition rights. As a result, the percentage of outstanding shares of any person as shown in this table does not necessarily reflect the person's actual ownership or voting power with respect to the number of shares of common stock actually outstanding as of January 4, 2018.
 
 
(2
)
This percentage is based upon 12,206,409 shares of common stock outstanding as of January 4, 2018 and any warrants exercisable by such person within 60 days of the date as of which the information is provided.
 
 
(3
)
Includes 150,000 five-year warrants exercisable at $1.45 which expire on July 15, 2021 for director fees through June 1, 2017 and 350,000 five-year warrants exercisable at $4.00 which expire on June 5, 2022 for officer fees through June 1, 2018, all of which are exercisable within 60 days of the date as of which the information is provided. This amount excludes those options that have been granted but that have not vested and do not vest within the next 60 days.
 
 
(4
)
Includes 250,000 five-year warrants exercisable at $4.15 which expire on January 1, 2021 which were issued to the law firm at Mr. Rosenstadt is a partner, 50,000 five-year warrants exercisable at $1.45 which expire on July 15, 2021 which were issued to the law firm at Mr. Rosenstadt is a partner, 150,000 five-year warrants exercisable at $1.45 which expire on July 15, 2021 for director fees through June 1, 2017 and 350,000 five-year warrants exercisable at $4.00 which expire on June 5, 2022 for officer fees through June 1, 2018.  An aggregate of 800,000 warrants are exercisable within 60 days of the date as of which the information is provided. On November 22, 2017, the collective 300,000 warrants issued to Mr. Rosenstadt’s law firm were assigned to Mr. Rosenstadt personally. This amount excludes those options that have been granted but that have not vested and do not vest within the next 60 days.
 
 
(5
)
Includes 85,000 five-year warrants exercisable at $4.00 which expire on June 5, 2022. This amount excludes those options that have been granted but that have not vested and do not vest within the next 60 days.
 
There are no arrangements or understanding among the parties set out above or their respective associates or affiliates concerning election of directors or any other matters which may require shareholder approval.
 
Changes in Control
 
We are unaware of any contract, or other arrangement or provision, the operation of which may at a subsequent date result in a change of control of our Company.
 
41
 
 
 
 
 
L EGAL MATTERS
 
The legality and validity of the securities offered from time to time under this prospectus will be passed upon by Ortoli Rosenstadt LLP. William Rosenstadt, our Chief Legal Officer and one of our directors, is a partner of Ortoli Rosenstadt LLP. Sichenzia Ross Ference Kesner LLP is representing the placement agents in this offering.
 
E XPERTS
 
Our financial statements as of and for the years ended November 30, 2016 and 2015 have been included in the registration statement in reliance upon the report of Marcum LLP, independent registered public accounting firm, and upon the authority of said firm as experts in accounting and auditing.  
 
W HERE YOU CAN FIND ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
 
We are a reporting company and file annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements and other information with the SEC. We have filed with the SEC a registration statement, as amended, on Form S-1 under the Securities Act with respect to the securities we are offering under this prospectus. This prospectus does not contain all of the information set forth in the registration statement and the exhibits to the registration statement. For further information with respect to us and the securities we are offering under this prospectus, we refer you to the registration statement and the exhibits and schedules filed as a part of the registration statement. You may read and copy the registration statement, as well as our reports, proxy statements and other information, at the SEC’s Public Reference Room at 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549. You can request copies of these documents by writing to the SEC and paying a fee for the copying cost. Please call the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330 for more information about the operation of the Public Reference Room. The SEC maintains an internet site that contains reports, proxy and information statements, and other information regarding issuers that file electronically with the SEC, where our SEC filings are also available. The address of the SEC’s web site is http://www.sec.gov.
 
D ISCLOSURE OF COMMISSION POSITION ON INDEMNIFICATION FOR SECURITIES ACT LIABILITIES
 
Our by-laws require us to indemnify any of our officers or directors, and certain other persons, under certain circumstances against all expenses and liabilities incurred or suffered by such persons because of a lawsuit or similar proceeding to which the person is made a party by reason of a his being a director or officer of the Company or our subsidiaries, unless that indemnification is prohibited by law. We may also purchase and maintain insurance for the benefit of any officer which may cover claims for which we could not indemnify a director or officer. We have been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission, indemnification of our officers, directors and controlling persons under these provisions, or otherwise, is against public policy and is unenforceable.
 
Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), may be permitted to directors, officers or persons controlling us pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, we have been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission, such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act, and is therefore unenforceable.
 
42
 
 
 
 
Q BIOMED INC.
INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Page No.
 
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
 
 
F-2
 
 
 
 
 
 
Financial Statements:
 
 
 
 
Balance Sheets as of November 30, 2016 and 2015     
 
 
F-3
 
Statements of Operations for the years ended November 30, 2016 and 2015
 
 
F-4
 
Statements of Changes in Shareholders' Equity (Deficit) for the years ended November 30, 2016 and 2015
 
 
F-5
 
Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended November 30, 2016 and 2015
 
 
F-6
 
Notes to Financial Statements
 
 
F-7
 
 
Unaudited Condensed Financial Statements:
 
 
 
 
 
Condensed Balance Sheets as of August 31, 2017 (Unaudited) and November 30, 2016
F-19
 
Unaudited Condensed Statements of Operations – For the Three Months and Nine Months Ended August 31, 2017 and 2016
F-20
 
Unaudited Condensed Statements of Cash Flows – For the Nine Months Ended August 31, 2017 and 2016
F-21
 
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Financial Statements
F-22
 
 
F-1
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
 
To the Board of Directors and Shareholders
of Q BioMed Inc.
 
We have audited the accompanying balance sheets of Q BioMed Inc. (the “Company”) as of November 30, 2016 and 2015, and the related statements of operations ,  changes in stockholders’ equity (deficit) and cash flows for the years then ended.  These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.
 
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States).  Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement.  The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. Our audit included consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.  An audit also includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation.  We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
 
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Q BioMed Inc., as of November 30, 2016 and 2015, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the year then ended in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
 
The accompanying financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern.  As discussed in Note 2 to the financial statements, the Company has suffered losses from operations and has negative working capital.  These matters raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern.  Management’s plans concerning these matters are also discussed in Note 2 to the financial statements.  The accompanying financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.
 
/s/ Marcum LLP
 
Marcum LLP
New York, NY
February 28, 2017
 
 
F-2
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Q BIOMED INC.
Balance Sheets
 
 
As of November 30,
 
 
 
2016
 
 
2015
 
ASSETS
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash
  $ 1,468,724  
  $ 131,408  
Total current assets
    1,468,724  
    131,408  
Total Assets
  $ 1,468,724  
  $ 131,408  
 
       
       
 LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY DEFICIT
       
       
Current Liabilities:
       
       
Accounts payable and accrued expenses
  $ 497,936  
  $ 58,802  
Accrued expenses - related party
    70,502  
    30,000  
Accrued interest payable
    48,813  
    2,511  
Convertible notes payable (See Note 5)
    2,394,849  
    -  
Note payable
    100,152  
    -  
Warrant liability
    168,070  
    -  
Total current liabilities
    3,280,322  
    91,313  
 
       
       
Long-term Liabilities:
       
       
Convertible notes payable (See Note 5)
    231,517  
    296,000  
Total long term liabilities
    231,517  
    296,000  
Total Liabilities
    3,511,839  
    387,313  
 
       
       
Commitments and Contingencies (Note 6)
       
       
 
       
       
Stockholders' Equity Deficit:
       
       
Preferred stock, $0.001 par value; 100,000,000 shares authorized; no shares issued and outstanding as of November 30, 2016 and 2015
    -  
    -  
Common stock, $0.001 par value; 250,000,000 shares authorized; 9,231,560 and 8,597,131 shares issued and outstanding as of November 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively
    9,231  
    8,597  
Additional paid-in capital
    6,249,357  
    865,690  
Accumulated deficit
    (8,301,703 )
    (1,130,192 )
Total Stockholders' Equity Deficit
    (2,043,115 )
    (255,905 )
Total Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity Deficit
  $ 1,468,724  
  $ 131,408  
 
       
       
 
       
       
 
       
       
 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
 
 
F-3
 
 
 
 
 
 
Q BIOMED INC.
Statements of Operations
 
 
For the years ended November 30,
 
 
 
2016
 
 
2015
 
Operating expenses:
 
 
 
 
 
 
General and administrative expenses
  $ 5,032,257  
  $ 354,138  
Research and development expenses
    1,314,250  
    598,000  
Total operating expenses
    6,346,507  
    952,138  
 
       
       
Other (income) expense:
       
       
Interest expense
    480,285  
    14,511  
Gain on extinguishment of convertible note
    (134,085 )
    -  
Loss on conversion of debt
    85,123  
    20,968  
Loss on issuance of convertible notes
    481,000  
    -  
Change in fair value of embedded conversion option
    (121,000 )
    99,000  
Change in fair value of warrant liability
    (7,587 )
    -  
Loss on modification of Private Placement Units
    41,268  
    -  
Total other expenses
    825,004  
    134,479  
 
       
       
Net Loss:
  $ (7,171,511 )
  $ (1,086,617 )
 
       
       
Net loss per share - basic and diluted
  $ (0.81 )
  $ (0.12 )
 
       
       
Weighted average shares outstanding, basic and diluted
    8,861,212  
    9,067,839  
 
       
       
 
       
       
 
       
       
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
 
F-4
 
 
 
 
 
 
Q BIOMED INC.
Statement of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity (Deficit)
 
 
Preferred Stock
 
 
Common Stock
 
 
 
 
 
Accumulated
 
 
Total Stockholders'
 
 
 
Shares
 
 
Amount
 
 
Shares
 
 
Amount
 
 
Additional Paid in Capital
 
 
Deficit
 
 
Equity (Deficit)
 
Balance as of November 30, 2014
    -  
  $ -  
    8,125,000  
  $ 8,125  
  $ 46,750  
  $ (43,425 )
  $ 11,450  
Issuance of common stock and warrants for services
    -  
    -  
    631,000  
    631  
    197,887  
    (375 )
    198,143  
Issuance of common stock for acquired in-process research and development
    -  
    -  
    200,000  
    200  
    547,800  
    -  
    548,000  
Issuance of common stock for services to related parties
    -  
    -  
    3,375,000  
    3,375  
    25,650  
    (2,025 )
    27,000  
Acquisition and retirement of common stock
    -  
    -  
    (3,750,000 )
    (3,750 )
    1,500  
    2,250  
    -  
Issuance of common stock upon conversion of convertible notes payable
    -  
    -  
    16,131  
    16  
    46,103  
    -  
    46,119  
Net loss
    -  
    -  
    -  
    -  
    -  
    (1,086,617 )
    (1,086,617 )
Balance as of November 30, 2015
    -  
    -  
    8,597,131  
    8,597  
    865,690  
    (1,130,192 )
    (255,905 )
Issuance of common stock and warrants for services
    -  
    -  
    341,543  
    342  
    3,300,772  
    -  
    3,301,114  
Issuance of common stock for acquired in-process research and development
    -  
    -  
    50,000  
    50  
    160,450  
    -  
    160,500  
Issuance of common stock and warrants in connection with Private Placement, net of warrant liabilities
    -  
    -  
    102,256  
    102  
    80,578  
    -  
    80,680  
Modification of Private Placement Units
       
       
    7,502  
    7  
    22,499  
       
    22,506  
Issuance of warrants for services to related party
    -  
    -  
    -  
    -  
    830,000  
    -  
    830,000  
Issuance of warrants to settle accounts payable to related party:
    -  
    -  
    -  
    -  
    30,000  
    -  
    30,000  
Issuance of common stock upon conversion of convertible notes payable
    -  
    -  
    118,128  
    118  
    380,768  
    -  
    380,886  
Beneficial conversion feature in connection with issuance of convertible notes
    -  
    -  
    -  
    -  
    526,400  
    -  
    526,400  
Issuance of common stock in connection with OID Note
    -  
    -  
    15,000  
    15  
    52,200  
    -  
    52,215  
Net loss
    -  
    -  
    -  
    -  
    -  
    (7,171,511 )
    (7,171,511 )
Balance as of November 30, 2016
    -  
  $ -  
    9,231,560  
  $ 9,231  
  $ 6,249,357  
  $ (8,301,703 )
  $ (2,043,115 )
 
       
       
       
       
       
       
       
 
       
       
       
       
       
       
       
 
       
       
       
       
       
       
       
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
 
F-5
 
 
 
 
 
 
Q BIOMED INC.
Statement of Cash Flows
 
 
For the years ended November 30,
 
 
 
2016
 
 
2015
 
Cash flows from operating activities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net loss
  $ (7,171,511 )
  $ (1,086,617 )
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities
       
       
Issuance of common stock and warrants for services
    4,131,114  
    198,143  
Issuance of common stock for acquired in-process research and development
    160,500  
    548,000  
Issuance of common stock for services to related parties
    -  
    27,000  
Change in fair value of embedded conversion option
    (121,000 )
    99,000  
Change in fair value of warrant liability
    (7,587 )
    -  
Loss on modification of Private Placement Units
    41,268  
    -  
Accretion of debt discount
    413,894  
    12,000  
Gain on extinguishment of convertible note
    (134,085 )
    -  
Loss on conversion of debt
    85,123  
    20,968  
Loss on issuance of convertible debt
    481,000  
    -  
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
       
       
Accounts payable and accrued expenses
    439,134  
    90,114  
Accrued expenses - related party
    70,502  
    -  
Accrued interest payable:
    66,389  
    -  
Net cash used in operating activities
    (1,545,259 )
    (91,392 )
 
       
       
Cash flows from financing activities:
       
       
Proceeds received from issuance of convertible notes
    2,495,000  
    210,151  
Proceeds received from issuance of common stock and warrants
    237,575  
    -  
Proceeds received from issuance of note payable
    150,000  
    -  
Net cash provided by financing activities
    2,882,575  
    210,151  
 
       
       
Net increase in cash
    1,337,316  
    118,759  
 
       
       
Cash at beginning of period
    131,408  
    12,649  
Cash at end of period
  $ 1,468,724  
  $ 131,408  
 
       
       
Non-cash financing activities:
       
       
Issuance of common stock upon conversion of convertible notes payable
  $ 295,764  
  $ 25,000  
Issuance of warrants to settle accounts payable to related party
  $ 30,000  
  $ -  
Modification of Series D convertible note recognized as extinguishment
  $ 294,085  
  $ -  
 
       
       
Cash paid for interest
  $ -  
  $ -  
Cash paid for income taxes
  $ -  
  $ -  
 
       
       
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
 
F-6
 
 
 
 
 
 
Q BIOMED INC.
Notes to Financial Statements
 
Note 1 - Organization of the Company and Description of the Business
 
Q BioMed Inc. (“Q BioMed” or “the Company”), incorporated in the State of Nevada on November 22, 2013, is a biomedical acceleration and development company focused on licensing, acquiring and providing strategic resources to life sciences and healthcare companies. Q BioMed intends to mitigate risk by acquiring multiple assets over time and across a broad spectrum of healthcare related products, companies and sectors.  The Company intends to develop these assets to provide returns via organic growth, revenue production, out-licensing, sale or spinoff new public companies.
 
Note 2 - Basis of Presentation and Going Concern
 
The accompanying financial statements are presented in U.S. dollars and have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“US GAAP”) and pursuant to the accounting and disclosure rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”).
 
The Company currently operates in one business segment focusing on licensing, acquiring and providing strategic resources to life sciences and healthcare companies. The Company is not organized by market and is managed and operated as one business. A single management team reports to the chief operating decision maker, the Chief Executive Officer, who comprehensively manages the entire business. The Company does not currently operate any separate lines of business or separate business entities.
 
Going Concern
 
The Company had a working capital deficit of approximately $1.8 million as of November 30, 2016. The accompanying financial statements are prepared assuming the Company will continue as a going concern, which contemplates the realization of assets and liquidation of liabilities in the normal course of business. The Company had a net loss of approximately $7.2 million and $1.1 million during the years ended November 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively, and had net cash used in operating activities of approximately $1.5 million and $91,000 during years ended November 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively. 
 
The ability of the Company to continue as a going concern depends on the Company obtaining adequate capital to fund operating losses until it generates adequate cash flows from operations to fund its operating costs and obligations. If the Company is unable to obtain adequate capital, it could be forced to cease operations.
 
The Company depends upon its ability, and will continue to attempt, to secure equity and/or debt financing.  The Company might not be successful, and without sufficient financing it would be unlikely for the Company to continue as a going concern. Management has determined that there is substantial doubt about the Company's ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the financial statements are issued. The accompanying financial statements do not include any adjustments relating to the recoverability and classification of recorded asset amounts, or amounts and classification of liabilities that might result from this uncertainty.
 
Note 3 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
 
Use of estimates
 
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period.  Actual results may differ from those estimates, and such differences may be material to the financial statements. The more significant estimates and assumptions by management include among others: the valuation allowance of deferred tax assets resulting from net operating losses, the valuation of warrants on the Company’s stock and the valuation of embedded conversion options within the Company’s convertible notes payable.
 
 
Concentration of Credit Risk
 
Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentration of credit risk consist of cash accounts in a financial institution which, at times may exceed the Federal depository insurance coverage ("FDIC") of $250,000. At November 30, 2016, the Company had a cash balance on deposit that exceeded the balance insured by the FDIC limit by approximately $1.2 million with one bank and was exposed to credit risk for amounts held in excess of the FDIC limit. The Company does not anticipate nonperformance by these institutions. The Company had not experienced losses on these accounts and management believes the Company is not exposed to significant risks on such accounts.
 
F-7
 
 
 
 
 
Fair value of financial instruments
Fair value is defined as the price that would be received for sale of an asset or paid for transfer of a liability, in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date.  U.S. GAAP establishes a three-tier fair value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value.  The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurements) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurements).  These tiers include:
 
● 
Level 1 : The preferred inputs to valuation efforts are “quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities,” with the caveat that the reporting entity must have access to that market. Information at this level is based on direct observations of transactions involving the same assets and liabilities, not assumptions, and thus offers superior reliability. However, relatively few items, especially physical assets, actually trade in active markets.
● 
Level 2 : FASB acknowledged that active markets for identical assets and liabilities are relatively uncommon and, even when they do exist, they may be too thin to provide reliable information. To deal with this shortage of direct data, the board provided a second level of inputs that can be applied in three situations.
● 
Level 3: defined as unobservable inputs in which little or no market data exists, therefore requiring an entity to develop its own assumptions, such as valuations derived from valuation techniques in which one or more significant inputs or significant value drivers are unobservable.
 
Fair value measurements discussed herein are based upon certain market assumptions and pertinent information available to management as of and during the years ended November 30, 2016 and 2015.  The respective carrying value of cash and accounts payable approximated their fair values as they are short term in nature.
 
As of November 30, 2016, the estimated aggregate fair value of all outstanding convertible notes payable is approximately $3.3 million. The fair value estimate is based on the estimated option value of the conversion terms, since the strike price of each note series is deep in-the-money at November 30, 2016. The estimated fair value represents a Level 3 measurement.
 
Embedded  Conversion Features
 
The Company evaluates embedded conversion features within convertible debt to determine whether the embedded conversion feature(s) should be bifurcated from the host instrument and accounted for as a derivative at fair value with changes in fair value recorded in the Statement of Operations.  If the conversion feature does not require recognition of a bifurcated derivative, the convertible debt instrument is evaluated for consideration of any beneficial conversion feature (“BCF”) requiring separate recognition. When the Company records a BCF, the intrinsic value of the BCF is recorded as a debt discount against the face amount of the respective debt instrument (offset to additional paid-in capital) and amortized to interest expense over the life of the debt. 
 
Derivative Financial Instruments
 
The Company does not use derivative instruments to hedge exposures to cash flow, market, or foreign currency risks. The Company evaluates all of its financial instruments, including issued stock purchase warrants, to determine if such instruments are derivatives or contain features that qualify as embedded derivatives. For derivative financial instruments that are accounted for as liabilities, the derivative instrument is initially recorded at its fair value and is then re-valued at each reporting date, with changes in the fair value reported in the Statement of Operations.  Depending on the features of the derivative financial instrument, the Company uses either the Black-Scholes option-pricing model or a binomial model to value the derivative instruments at inception and subsequent valuation dates.  The classification of derivative instruments, including whether such instruments should be recorded as liabilities or as equity, is re-assessed at the end of each reporting period.
 
Stock Based Compensation Issued to Nonemployees
 
Common stock issued to non-employees for acquiring goods or providing services is recognized at fair value when the goods are obtained or over the service period. If the award contains performance conditions, the measurement date of the award is the earlier of the date at which a commitment for performance by the non-employee is reached or the date at which performance is reached. A performance commitment is reached when performance by the non-employee is probable because of sufficiently large disincentives for nonperformance.
 
F-8
 
 
 
 
 
General and administrative expenses
 
The significant components of general and administrative expenses consist of interest expense, bank fees, printing, filing fees, other office expenses, and business license and permit fees.
 
Research and development
 
The Company expenses the cost of research and development as incurred.  Research and development expenses include costs incurred in funding research and development activities, license fees, and other external costs. Nonrefundable advance payments for goods and services that will be used in future research and development activities are expensed when the activity is performed or when the goods have been received, rather than when payment is made.
 
Income Taxes
 
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are computed based upon the difference between the financial statement and income tax basis of assets and liabilities using the enacted marginal tax rate applicable when the related asset or liability is expected to be realized or settled.  Deferred income tax expenses or benefits are based on the changes in the asset or liability each period.  If available evidence suggests that it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized, a valuation allowance is required to reduce the deferred tax assets to the amount that is more likely than not to be realized.  Future changes in such valuation allowance are included in the provision for deferred income taxes in the period of change.
 
Deferred income taxes may arise from temporary differences resulting from income and expense items reported for financial accounting and tax purposes in different periods.  Deferred taxes are classified as current or non-current, depending on the classification of assets and liabilities to which they relate.  Deferred taxes arising from temporary differences that are not related to an asset or liability are classified as current or non-current depending on the periods in which the temporary differences are expected to reverse.
 
The Company applies a more-likely-than-not recognition threshold for all tax uncertainties, which only allows the recognition of those tax benefits that have a greater than fifty percent likelihood of being sustained upon examination by the taxing authorities. As of November 30, 2016, the Company reviewed its tax positions and determined there were no outstanding, or retroactive tax positions with less than a 50% likelihood of being sustained upon examination by the taxing authorities, therefore this standard has not had a material effect on the Company.
 
The Company’s policy for recording interest and penalties associated with audits is to record such expense as a component of income tax expense. There were no amounts accrued for penalties or interest during the years ended November 30, 2016. Management is currently unaware of any issues under review that could result in significant payments, accruals or material deviations from its position.
   
Recent accounting pronouncements
 
In August 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2014-15, Disclosure of Uncertainties about an Entity’s Ability to Continue as a Going Concern that will require management to evaluate whether there are conditions and events that raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the financial statements are issued on both an interim and annual basis. Management will be required to provide certain footnote disclosures if it concludes that substantial doubt exists or when its plans alleviate substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. The Company adopted ASU No. 2014-15 in the fourth quarter of 2016, and its adoption did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements.
 
In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-06,  Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Contingent Put and Call Options in Debt Instruments . This new standard simplifies the embedded derivative analysis for debt instruments containing contingent call or put options by removing the requirement to assess whether a contingent event is related to interest rates or credit risks. This new standard will be effective for the Company on January 1, 2017. The adoption of this standard is not expected to have a material impact on the Company's financial position, results of operations, or cash flows.
 
In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-15, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments . This new standard clarifies certain aspects of the statement of cash flows, including the classification of debt prepayment or debt extinguishment costs or other debt instruments with coupon interest rates that are insignificant in relation to the effective interest rate of the borrowing, contingent consideration payments made after a business combination, proceeds from the settlement of insurance claims, proceeds from the settlement of corporate-owned life insurance policies, distributions received from equity method investees and beneficial interests in securitization transactions. This new standard also clarifies that an entity should determine each separately identifiable source of use within the cash receipts and payments on the basis of the nature of the underlying cash flows. In situations in which cash receipts and payments have aspects of more than one class of cash flows and cannot be separated by source or use, the appropriate classification should depend on the activity that is likely to be the predominant source or use of cash flows for the item. This new standard will be effective for the Company on January 1, 2018. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the new standard on its consolidated financial statements. 
 
In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-01, Business Combinations (Topic 805): Clarifying the Definition of a Business . This new standard clarifies the definition of a business and provides a screen to determine when an integrated set of assets and activities is not a business. The screen requires that when substantially all of the fair value of the gross assets acquired (or disposed of) is concentrated in a single identifiable asset or a group of similar identifiable assets, the set is not a business. This new standard will be effective for the Company on January 1, 2018, but may be adopted early. Adoption is prospectively applied to any business development transaction. The adoption of this standard is not expected to have a material impact on the Company's financial position, results of operations, or cash flows.
 
F-9
 
 
 
 
 
Note 4 – Loss per share
 
Basic net loss per share was calculated by dividing net loss by the weighted-average common shares outstanding during the period.  Diluted net loss per share was calculated by dividing net loss by the weighted-average common shares outstanding during the period using the treasury stock method or the two-class method, whichever is more dilutive. The table below summarizes potentially dilutive securities that were not considered in the computation of diluted net loss per share because they would be anti-dilutive.
 
Potentially dilutive securities
 
November 30, 2016
 
 
November 30, 2015
 
Warrants (Note 10)
    1,047,500  
    100,000  
Convertible debt (Note 5)
    1,067,105  
    106,920  
 
       
       
 
Note 5 – Convertible Notes
 
 
November 30, 2016
 
 
November 30, 2015
 
Series A Notes:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Principal value of 10%, convertible at $2.00 and $1.92 at November 30, 2016 and November 30, 2015, respectively.
  $ 12,500  
  $ 50,000  
Fair value of bifurcated embedded conversion option of Series A Notes
    12,000  
    64,000  
Debt discount
    (2,194 )
    (28,832 )
Carrying value of Series A Notes
    22,306  
    85,168  
 
       
       
Series B Notes:
       
       
Principal value of 10%, convertible at $2.00 and $1.92 at November 30, 2016 and November 30, 2015, respectively.
    55,000  
    50,000  
Fair value of bifurcated embedded conversion option of Series B Notes
    55,000  
    64,000  
Debt discount
    (19,229 )
    (34,744 )
Carrying value of Series B Notes
    90,771  
    79,256  
 
       
       
Series C Notes:
       
       
Principal value of 10%, convertible at $1.55 at November 30, 2016 and November 30, 2015.
    576,383  
    85,000  
Fair value of bifurcated embedded conversion option of Series C Notes
    838,000  
    101,000  
Long-term Liabilities:
    (250,969 )
    (54,424 )
Carrying value of Series C Notes
    1,163,414  
    131,576  
 
       
       
Series D Notes:
       
       
Principal value of 10%, convertible at $1.85 at November 30, 2016.
    160,000  
    -  
Debt discount
    (140,961 )
    -  
Carrying value of Series D Notes
    19,039  
    -  
 
       
       
Series E Notes:
       
       
Principal value of 10%, convertible at $2.50 at November 30, 2016.
    180,000  
    -  
Debt discount
    (124,164 )
    -  
Carrying value of Series E Notes
    55,836  
    -  
 
       
       
Secured Convertible Debenture:
       
       
Principal value of 5%, convertible at $2.98 at November 30, 2016.
    1,500,000  
    -  
Fair value of bifurcated contingent put option of Secured Convertible Debenture
    72,000  
    -  
Debt discount
    (297,000 )
    -  
Carrying value of Secured Convertible Debenture Note
    1,275,000  
    -  
Total short-term carrying value of convertible notes
  $ 2,394,849  
  $ -  
Total long-term carrying value of convertible notes
  $ 231,517  
  $ 296,000  
 
       
       
 
During the year ended November 30, 2016, the Company recognized interest expense of approximately $414,000 resulting from amortization of the debt discount for Series A, B, C, D and E Notes. All long term notes are due in fiscal year 2018.
 
Series A Notes
 
The Series A convertible notes payable (the “Series A Notes”) are due and payable 18 months after issuance and bear interest at 10% per annum.  At the election of the holder, outstanding principal and accrued but unpaid interest under the Series A Notes is convertible into shares of the Company’s common stock at any time prior to maturity at a conversion price per share equal to the higher of: (i) forty percent (40%) discount to the average closing price for the ten (10) consecutive trading days immediately preceding the notice of conversion or (ii) $1.25 per share.  At maturity, any remaining outstanding principal and accrued but unpaid interest outstanding under the Series A Notes will automatically convert into shares of the Company’s common stock under the same terms.
 
F-10
 
 
 
 
 
Series B Notes
 
The Series B convertible notes payable (the “Series B Notes”) have the same terms as the Series A Notes.  During the year ended November 30, 2016, the Company issued an additional of $105,000 in principal of Series B notes to third party investors.
 
Series C Notes
 
The Series C convertible notes payable (the “Series C Notes”) are due and payable 18 months after issuance and bear interest at 10% per annum.  At the election of the holder, outstanding principal and accrued but unpaid interest under the Series C Notes is convertible into shares of the Company’s common stock at a conversion price per share equal to the lesser of a 40% discount to the average closing price for the 10 consecutive trading days immediately preceding the notice of conversion or $1.55, but in no event shall the conversion price be lower than $1.25 per share.  If the average VWAP, as defined in the agreement, for the ten trading days immediately preceding the maturity date $5.00 or more, any remaining outstanding principal and accrued but unpaid interest outstanding under the Series C Notes will automatically convert into shares of the Company’s common stock under the same terms.  
 
The terms of the Series C Notes also provided that up until maturity date, the Company cannot enter into any additional, or modify any existing, agreements with any existing or future investors that are more favorable to such investor in relation to the Series D Note holders, unless, the Series C Note holders are provided with such rights and benefits (“Most Favored Nations Clause”).
 
During the year ended November 30, 2016, the Company issued an additional of $550,000 in principal of Series C notes to third party investors.
 
Series D Notes
 
The Series D convertible notes payable (the “Series D Notes”) are due and payable 18 months after issuance and bear interest at 10% per annum.  At the election of the holder, outstanding principal and accrued but unpaid interest under the Series D Notes is convertible into shares of the Company’s common stock at a fixed conversion price per share equal to $1.85.  The Series D Notes automatically convert upon maturity at $1.85 per share if the ten trading days VWAP immediately preceding maturity is $5.00 or greater.  Additionally, if the Company’s common shares are up-listed to a senior exchange such as the AMEX or NASDAQ, all monies due under the Series D Notes will automatically convert at $1.85 per share.  During the year ended November 30, 2016, the Company issued $160,000 in principal of Series D notes to third party investors.
 
The terms of the Series D Notes also included the Most Favored Nations Clause. The Most Favored Nations Clause was viewed as providing the Series D Note holder with down-round price protection.  As such, the embedded conversion option in the Series D Note was separately measured at fair value upon issuance, with subsequent changes in fair value recognized in current earnings.
 
On September 30, 2016, the Company amended the Most Favored Nations Clause of the Series D Notes to restrict the Company from taking dilutive action without the Series D note holders’ consent, effectively removing the down-round price protection. The amendment of the Series D Notes was recognized as an extinguishment of the originally issued Series D Notes, resulting in a gain on extinguishment of approximately $134,000.
 
At the amendment date, the conversion price of the amended Series D Notes was below the quoted market price of the Company’s common stock. As such, the Company recognized a beneficial conversion feature equal to the intrinsic value of the conversion price on the amendment date, resulting in a discount to the amended Series D Notes of $160,000 with a corresponding credit to additional paid-in capital. The resulting debt discount is presented net of the related convertible note balance in the accompanying Balance Sheets and is amortized to interest expense over the note’s term.
 
Series E Notes
 
The Series E convertible notes payable (the “Series E Notes”) are due and payable 18 months after issuance and bear interest at 10% per annum.  At the election of the holder, outstanding principal and accrued but unpaid interest under the Series E Notes is convertible into shares of the Company’s common stock at a fixed conversion price per share equal to $2.50.  The Series E Notes automatically convert upon maturity at $2.50 per share if the ten trading days VWAP immediately preceding maturity is $5.00 or greater.  Additionally, if the Company’s common shares are up-listed to a senior exchange such as the AMEX or NASDAQ, all monies due under the Series E Notes will automatically convert at $2.50 per share.  During the year ended November 30, 2016, the Company issued $180,000 in principal of Series E Notes to third party investors.
 
At the issuance date, the conversion price of the Series E Notes was below the quoted market price of the Company’s common stock. As such, the Company recognized a beneficial conversion feature equal to the intrinsic value of the conversion price on the amendment date, resulting in a discount to the Series E Notes of approximately $141,000 with a corresponding credit to additional paid-in capital. The resulting debt discount is presented net of the related convertible note balance in the accompanying Balance Sheets and is amortized to interest expense over the note’s term.
 
F-11
 
 
 
 
 
Embedded Conversion Options
 
In connection with the issuance of the Series A, B, C and the original issuance of the Series D Notes during the year ended November 30, 2016, the Company recognized a debt discount of approximately $750,000, and a loss on issuance of $481,000, which represents the excess of the fair value of the embedded conversion at initial issuance of $1.2 million over the principal amount of convertible debt issued.  The embedded conversion feature is separately measured at fair value, with changes in fair value recognized in current operations.  Management used a binomial valuation model, with fourteen steps of the binomial tree, to estimate the fair value of the embedded conversion option at issuance of the Series A, B, C and the original issuance of the Series D Notes issued during the year ended November 30, 2016, with the following key inputs:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Embedded derivatives at inception
 
 
 
 
 
 
For the years ended November 30,
 
 
 
 
 
2016
 
 
 
2015
 
Stock price
 
$
2.60 - $3.26
 
 
$
2.02 - $4.30
 
Terms (years)
 
 
1.5
 
 
 
1.25 - 1.5
 
Volatility
 
 
116.77
%
 
 
108.40% - 162.89
%
Risk-free rate
 
 
0.51% - 0.76
%
 
 
0.66% - 0.85
%
Dividend yield
 
 
0.00
%
 
 
0.00
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Embedded derivatives at period end
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
As of November 30,
 
 
 
 
 
2016
 
 
 
2015
 
Stock price
 
$
3.43
 
 
$
3.55
 
Term (years)
 
 
0.25 - 1.05
 
 
 
1.26 - 1.49
 
Volatility
 
 
156.74% - 163.49
%
 
 
108.4% - 121.62
%
Risk-free rate
 
 
0.48% - 0.80
%
 
 
0.94
%
Dividend yield
 
 
0.00
%
 
 
0.00
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
As of November 30, 2016, the embedded conversion options have an aggregate fair value of approximately $977,000 and are presented on a combined basis with the related loan host in the Company’s Balance Sheets.  The table below presents changes in fair value for the embedded conversion options, which is a Level 3 fair value measurement:
 
Rollforward of Level 3 Fair Value Measurement for the Year Ended November 30, 2016
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance at November 30, 2015
 
Issuance
 
Net unrealized gain/(loss)
 
Settlements
 
Balance at November 30, 2016
 
 
$
229,000
 
 
 
1,303,000
 
 
 
(121,000
)
 
 
(434,000
)
 
$
977,000
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Conversions of debt
 
The following conversions of the convertible notes occurred during the year ended November 30, 2016:
 
 
Principal
 
 
Shares
 
Series A conversions
  $ 37,500  
    22,148  
Series B conversions
    100,000  
    51,111  
Series C conversions
    58,617  
    44,869  
Total
  $ 196,117  
    118,128  
 
       
       
 
As the embedded conversion option in each note Series had been separately measured at fair value, the conversion of each note was recognized as an extinguishment of debt.  The Company recognized a loss on conversion of debt of approximately $85,000 as the difference between the fair value of common stock issued to the holders of approximately $381,000 and the aggregate net carrying value of the convertible notes, including the bifurcated conversion options, of approximately $296,000.
 
F-12
 
 
 
 
 
Events of default
 
The Company will be in default of the Series A,B,C D and E Notes, and all amounts outstanding will become immediately due and payable upon: (i) maturity, (ii) any bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, cessation of operation, or liquidation events, (iii) if any money judgment, writ or similar process filed against the Company for more than $150,000 remains unvacated, unbonded or unstayed for a period of twenty (20) days, (iv) the Company fails to maintain the listing of the common stock on at least one of the OTC markets or the equivalent replacement exchange, (v) the Company’s failure to maintain any material intellectual property rights, personal, real property or other assets that are necessary to conduct its business, (vi) the restatement of any financial statements filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) for any period from two years prior to the notes issuance date and until the notes are no longer outstanding, if the restatement would have constituted a material adverse effect of the rights of the holders of the notes, (vii) the Company effectuates a reverse stock split of its common stock without twenty (20) days prior written notice to the notes’ holders, (viii) in the event that the Company replaces its transfer agent but fails to provide, prior to the effective date, a fully executed irrevocable transfer agent instructions signed by the successor transfer agent and the Company, (ix)  in the event that the Company depletes the share reserve and fails to increase the number of shares within three (3) business days, (x) if the Company fails to remain current in its filings with the SEC for more than 30 days after the filing deadline, (xi) after 12 months following the date the Company no longer deems itself a shell company as reflected in a ’34 Act filing, the Lenders are unable to convert the notes into free trading shares, and (xii) upon fundamental change of management.
 
The Company is currently not in default for any convertible notes issued.
 
Secured Convertible Debentures
 
On November 29, 2016, the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement with an accredited investor to place Convertible Debentures (the “Debentures”) with a one-year term in the aggregate principal amount of up to $4,000,000. The initial closing occurred on November 30, 2016 when the Company issued a Debenture for $1,500,000.  The second closing is scheduled for within three days of the date on which the Company registers for resale all of the shares of common stock into which the Debentures may be converted (the “Conversion Shares”). The Debentures bear interest at the rate of 5% per annum.  In addition, the Company must pay to an affiliate of the holder a fee equal to 5% of the amount of the Debenture at each closing.
 
The Debenture may be converted at any time on or prior to maturity at the lower of $4.00 or 93% of the average of the four lowest daily VWAP of the Company’s common stock during the ten consecutive trading days immediately preceding the conversion date, provided that as long as the Company is not in default under the Debenture, the conversion price may never be less than $2.00.  The Company may not convert any portion of the Debenture if such conversion would result in the holder beneficially owning more than 4.99% of the Company’s then issued common stock, provided that such limitation may be waived by the holder.
 
Any time after the six-month anniversary of the issuance of the Debenture, if the daily VWAP of the Company’s common stock is less than $2.00 for a period of twenty consecutive trading days (the “Triggering Date”) and only for so long as such conditions exist after a Triggering Date, the Company shall make monthly payments beginning on the last calendar day of the month when the Triggering Date occurred.  Each monthly payment shall be in an amount equal to the sum of (i) the principal amount outstanding as of the Triggering Date divided by the number of such monthly payments until maturity, (ii) a redemption premium of 20% in respect of such principal amount being paid (up to a maximum of $300,000 in redemption premium) and (iii) accrued and unpaid interest as of each payment date.  The Company may, no more than twice, obtain a thirty-day deferral of a monthly payment due as a result of a Triggering Date through the payment of a deferral fee in the amount equal to 10% of the total amount of such monthly payment.  Each deferral payment may be paid by the issuance of such number of shares as is equal to the applicable deferral payment divided by a price per share equal to 93% of the average of the four lowest daily VWAP of the Company’s common stock during the ten consecutive Trading Days immediately preceding the due date in respect of such monthly payment begin deferred, provided that such shares issued will be immediately freely tradable shares in the hands of the holder.
 
The Company also executed a Registration Rights Agreement pursuant to which it is required to file a registration statement for the resale of the shares of common stock into which the Debenture may be converted within 30 days of the initial closing. The Company is required to use its best efforts to cause such registration statement to be declared effective within 90 days of the initial closing.
 
The Company also entered into a Security Agreement to secure payment and performance of its obligations under the Debenture and related agreements pursuant to which the Company granted the investor a security interest in all of its assets.  The security interest granted pursuant to the Security Agreement terminates on (i) the effectiveness of the Registration Statement if the Company’s common stock closing price is greater than $2.00 for the twenty consecutive trading days prior to effectiveness or (ii) any time after the effectiveness of the registration statement that the Company’s common stock closing price is greater than $2.00 for the twenty consecutive trading days.
 
F-13
 
 
 
 
 
Upon issuance of the Debentures, the Company recognized a debt discount of approximately $297,000, resulting from the recognition of a beneficial conversion feature of $225,000 and a bifurcated embedded derivative of $72,000.  The beneficial conversion feature was recognized as the intrinsic value of the conversion option on issuance of the Debentures.  The monthly payment provision within the Debentures is a contingent put option that is required to be separately measured at fair value, with subsequent changes in fair value recognized in the Statement of Operations. The Company estimated the fair value of the monthly payment provision, as of November 30, 2016, using probability analysis of the occurrence of a Triggering Date applied to the discounted maximum redemption premium for any given payment. The probability analysis utilized an expected volatility for the Company's common stock of 139% and a risk free rate of 0.80%. The maximum redemption was discounted at 22%, the calculated effective rate of the Debenture before measurement of the contingent put option. The fair value estimate is a Level 3 measurement.
 
Note 6 – Note Payable
 
On November 10, 2016, the Company issued a promissory note with a principal amount of $150,000 and issued 15,000 restricted shares of the Company’s common stock for cash proceeds of $150,000 (the “OID Note”).  The OID Note does not pay interest and matures on November 3, 2017.  The OID Note is not convertible.
 
The fair value of the 15,000 common stock issued with the OID Note of approximately $52,000 was recognized as a debt discount, which will be amortized to interest expense over the term of the OID Note.
 
Note 7 – Commitments and Contingencies
 
Advisory Agreements
 
The Company entered into customary consulting arrangements with various counterparties to provide consulting services, business development and investor relations services, pursuant to which the Company agreed to issue shares of common stock as services are received.   The Company expects to issue an aggregate of approximately 198,000 shares of common stock subsequent to November 30, 2016 through the end term of arrangements, June 2017.
 
License Agreement
 
Mannin
 
On October 29, 2015, the Company entered into a Patent and Technology License and Purchase Option Agreement (“Exclusive License”) with a vendor whereby the Company was granted a worldwide, exclusive, license on, and option to, acquire certain intellectual property (“Mannin IP”) which initially focused on developing a first-in-class eye drop treatment for glaucoma within the four-year term of the Exclusive License.  The technology platform may be expanded in scope beyond ophthalmological uses and may include cystic kidney disease and others.  Pursuant to the Executive License, the Company has an option to purchase the Mannin IP within the next four years upon: (i) investing a minimum of $4,000,000 into the development of the intellectual property and (ii) possibly issuing additional shares of the Company’s common stock based on meeting pre-determined valuation and market conditions. The purchase price for the IP is $30,000,000 less the amount of cash paid by the Company for development and the value of the common stock issued to the vendor.  
 
During the year ended November 30, 2016, the Company incurred approximately $1.1 million in research and development expenses to fund the costs of development of the eye drop treatment for glaucoma pursuant to the Exclusive License, of which an aggregate of $654,000 was already paid as of November 30, 2016.  Through November 30, 2016, the Company has funded an aggregate of $704,000 to Mannin under the Exclusive License.
 
In the event that: (i) the Company does not exercise the option to purchase the Mannin IP; (ii) the Company fails to invest the $4,000,000 within four years from the date of the Exclusive License; or (iii) the Company fails to make a diligent, good faith and commercially reasonable effort to progress the Mannin IP, all Mannin IP shall revert to the vendor and the Company will be granted the right to collect twice the monies invested through that date of reversion by way of a royalty along with other consideration which may be perpetual.
 
F-14
 
 
 
 
 
Bio-Nucleonics
 
On September 6, 2016, the Company entered into the Patent and Technology License and Purchase Option Agreement (the “BNI Exclusive License”). with Bio-Nucleonics Inc. (“BNI”) whereby the Company was granted a worldwide, exclusive, perpetual, license on, and option to, acquire certain BNI intellectual property (“BNI IP”) within the three-year term of the BNI Exclusive License.
 
In exchange for the consideration, the Company agreed to, upon reaching various milestones, issue to BNI an aggregate of 110,000 shares of common stock that are subject to restriction from trading until commercialization of the product (approximately 12 months) and subsequent leak-out conditions, and provide funding to BNI for an aggregate of $850,000 in cash, of which the Company had paid $20,000 as of November 30, 2016.  Once the Company has funded up to $850,000 in cash, the Company may exercise its option to acquire the BNI IP at no additional charge.  In September 2016, the Company issued 50,000 shares of common stock, with a fair value of $160,500, to BNI pursuant to the BNI Exclusive License.
 
In the event that: (i) the Company does not exercise the option to purchase the BNI IP; (ii) the Company fails to make the aggregate cash payment within three years from the date of the Exclusive License; or (iii) the Company fails to make a diligent, good faith and commercially reasonable effort to progress the BNI IP, all BNI IP shall revert to BNI and the Company shall be granted the right to collect twice the monies invested through that date of reversion by way of a royalty along with other consideration which may be perpetual.
 
Legal
 
The Company is not currently involved in any legal matters arising in the normal course of business.  From time to time, the Company could become involved in disputes and various litigation matters that arise in the normal course of business.  These may include disputes and lawsuits related to intellectual property, licensing, contract law and employee relations matters.  Periodically, the Company reviews the status of significant matters, if any exist, and assesses its potential financial exposure. If the potential loss from any claim or legal claim is considered probable and the amount can be estimated, the Company accrues a liability for the estimated loss.  Legal proceedings are subject to uncertainties, and the outcomes are difficult to predict.  Because of such uncertainties, accruals are based on the best information available at the time.  As additional information becomes available, the Company reassesses the potential liability related to pending claims and litigation.
 
Finder’s Agreement
 
In October 2016, the Company entered into two agreements to engage two financial advisors to assist the Company in its search for potential investors, vendors or partners to engage in a license, merger, joint venture or other business arrangement. As a compensation for their efforts, the Company agreed to pay the financial advisors a fee equal to 7% and 8% in cash, and to pay one of the financial advisors an additional fee equal to 7% in warrants of all consideration received by the Company.  The Company has not incurred any finders’ fees pursuant to the agreements to-date.
 
Note 8 - Related Party Transactions
 
The Company entered into consulting agreements with certain management personnel and stockholders for consulting and legal services.  Consulting and legal expenses resulting from such agreements were approximately $300,000 and $58,000 for the year ended November 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively, and were included within general and administrative expenses in the accompanying Statements of Operations.
 
Note 9 - Stockholders’ Equity (Deficit)
 
As of November 30, 2016, the Company is authorized to issue up to 250,000,000 shares of its $0.001 par value common stock and up to 100,000,000 shares of its $0.001 par value preferred stock.
 
Issued for services
 
2015 activity
 
During the year ended November 30, 2015, the Company issued an aggregate of 831,000 shares of the Company’s common stock to three vendors, valued at approximately $569,000 based on the estimated fair market value of the stock on the date of grant, of which $548,000 was recognized within research and development expenses and approximately $21,000 was recognized within general and administrative expenses in the accompanying Statements of Operations.
 
Also in September 2015, the Company issued a warrant to purchase an aggregate of 100,000 shares of common stock with an exercise price of $2.18 per share to a vendor in exchange for services performed. The warrant has a five-year term, may be exercised on a cashless basis and vests in increments of 25,000 shares per 90-day period following the grant date.
 
In addition, the Company issued an aggregate of 3,375,000 shares of the Company’s common stock to related parties in connection with the aforementioned agreements in Note 6, valued at approximately $27,000 based on the estimated fair market value of the stock on the date of grant and was recognized within general and administrative expenses in the accompanying Statement of Operations.
 
F-15
 
 
 
 
 
2016 activity
 
During the year ended November 30, 2016, the Company issued an aggregate of 341,543 shares of common stock, valued at approximately $1.6 million, and five-year warrants to purchase 175,000 shares of common stock at exercise prices ranging from of $1.45 to $3.00 per share for advisory services. The warrants vest 25% per quarter over the next year and were valued at $377,500 using inputs described in Note 9.  The Company recognized the value of the warrants over the vesting period.  
 
In addition, the Company issued fully-vested five-year warrants to a stockholder, a director and Chief Legal Officer of the Company to purchase an aggregate of 375,000 shares of common stock at strike prices ranging from $1.45 to $4.15 per share.  The warrants were valued at $957,500 using inputs described in Note 9.  The warrants were issued for services and settlement of a $30,000 in accounts payable.  
 
In July 2016, the Company issued five-year warrants to purchase an aggregate of 300,000 shares of the Company’s common stock at $1.45 to two members of the Company’s Board of Director for their compensation for their board services. The warrants vest 25% per quarter starting on grant date and were valued at $390,000 using inputs described in Note 9.  The Company recognized the value of the warrants over the vesting period.  
 
The Company recognized general and administrative expenses of approximately $4.1 million, as a result of these transactions during the year ended November 30, 2016.
 
The estimated unrecognized stock-based compensation associated with these agreements is approximately $399,000 and will be recognized over the next 0.2 year.
 
Private Placement
 
In May 2016, the Company entered into a subscription agreement with an investor in connection with the Company’s private placement (“May Private Placement”), generating gross proceeds of $50,000 by selling 20,000 units (each, Unit A”) at a price per Unit A of $2.50, with each Unit A consisting of two shares of common stock and a two-year warrant to purchase two shares of the Company’s common stock at an exercise price of $3.50 per share.
 
The subscription agreement requires the Company to issue the May Private Placement investor additional common shares if the Company were to issue common stock or issue securities convertible or exercisable into shares of common stock at a price below $2.50 per share within 90 days from the closing of the May Private Placement.  The additional shares are calculated as the difference between the common stock that would have been issued in the May Private Placement using the new price per unit less shares of common stock already issued pursuant to the May Private Placement.
 
In August 2016, the Company consummated another private placement, for gross proceeds of approximately $10,000 by selling 6,500 units at a purchase price of $1.55 per unit.  As a result, the Company issued the May Private Placement investor an additional 12,258 shares of common stock according to the agreement.
 
In September 2016, the Company entered into a subscription agreement (the “Subscription Agreement”) with certain investors in connection with the Company’s private placement (“September Private Placement”), generating gross proceeds of $112,500 by selling 37,498 units (each, “Unit B”) at a price per Unit B of $3.00, with each Unit B consisting of two shares of common stock and a two-year warrant to purchase two shares of the Company’s common stock at an exercise price of $5.00 per share.
 
In November 2016, the Company entered into additional Subscription Agreements with certain investors, generating gross proceeds of $65,000 by selling 26,000 units (each, “Unit C”) at a price per Unit C of $2.50, with each Unit C consisting of two shares of common stock and a two-year warrant to purchase two shares of the Company’s common stock at an exercise price of $4.00 per share.
 
The Subscription Agreement requires the Company to issue the investor additional units if the Company were to issue common stock or issue securities convertible or exercisable into shares of common stock at a price below a specified price per share within 90 days from the closing of the private placement.  The additional units are calculated as the difference between the common stock that would have been issued using the new price per unit less shares of common stock already issued pursuant to the private placement.
 
Pursuant to the Subscription Agreement, the Company issued an additional of 7,502 units to the September Private Placement investors or no additional consideration.  In addition, the Company also modified the exercise price of the warrants issued in the Unit B to $4.00 per share, which in effect, made the Unit B equivalent to Unit C (together as “Private Placement Unit”).  The Company recorded approximately $41,000 as loss in connection with the issuance of additional units and modification of the warrants in the accompanying Statements of Operations, resulted from the value of the additional shares issued of approximately $23,000 and the change in warrant liability of approximately $19,000.
 
F-16
 
 
 
 
 
Note 10 - Warrants
 
Freestanding warrants are classified and measured in accordance with ASC 480, Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity, and ASC 815-40, Derivatives and Hedging: Contracts in Own Equity . Under this guidance, the warrants issued as part of the Private Placement Units were classified as liabilities because the exercise price may be adjusted downward, in certain circumstances, for a ninety-day period following their initial issuance.  The warrants will cease being liability classified at the conclusion of the ninetieth day from issuance.  Warrant liabilities are measured at fair value, with changes in fair value recognized each reporting period in the Statement of Operations. All other warrants are equity classified.
 
The following represents a summary of all outstanding warrants to purchase the Company’s common stock at November 30, 2016 and changes during the period then ended:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Weighted Average
 
 
 
 
 
 
Weighted Average
 
 
 
 
 
Remaining Contractual
 
 
 
Warrants
 
 
Exercise Price
 
 
Intrinsic Value
 
 
Life (years)
 
Outstanding at November 30, 2015
 
 
100,000
 
 
$
2.18
 
 
$
1.37
 
 
 
4.80
 
Issued
 
 
984,998
 
 
 
2.67
 
 
 
1.05
 
 
 
3.97
 
Expired
 
 
(37,498
)
 
 
5.00
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
Outstanding at November 30, 2016
 
 
1,047,500
 
 
$
2.54
 
 
$
1.11
 
 
 
4.10
 
Exercisable at November 30, 2016
 
 
797,500
 
 
$
2.83
 
 
$
0.88
 
 
 
3.95
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fair value of all outstanding warrants was calculated with the following key inputs:
 
 
For the year ended
November 30, 2016
 
Stock price
 
$
1.60 - $4.15
 
Term (years)
 
 
2 - 5
 
Volatility
 
 
101.13% - 138.69
%
Risk-free rate
 
 
0.76% - 1.83
%
Dividend yield
 
 
0.00
%
 
 
 
 
 
The warrant liability is a Level 3 fair value measurement, recognized on a recurring basis. Both observable and unobservable inputs may be used to determine the fair value of positions that the Company has classified within the Level 3 category. As a result, the unrealized gains and losses for liabilities within the Level 3 category may include changes in fair value that were attributable to both observable inputs (e.g., changes in market interest rates) and unobservable inputs (e.g., probabilities of the occurrence of an early termination event).
 
Fair value of warrant liability at November 30, 2015
  $ -  
Issuance of new warrant liability
    156,895  
Change in fair value of warrant liability
    (7,587 )
Modification of warrant liability
    18,762  
Fair value of warrant liability at November 30, 2016
  $ 168,070  
 
       
 
Note 11 - Income Taxes
 
At November 30, 2016, the Company has a net operating loss (“NOL”) carryforward for Federal and state income tax purposes totaling approximately $2.3 million available to reduce future taxable income which, if not utilized, will begin to expire in the year 2033. The NOL carry forward is subject to review and possible adjustment by the Internal Revenue Service and state tax authorities. Under the Internal Revenue Code (“IRC”) Sections 382 and 383, annual use of the Company’s net operating loss carryforwards to offset taxable income may be limited based on cumulative changes in ownership. The Company has not completed an analysis to determine whether any such limitations have been triggered as of November 30, 2016. The amount of the annual limitation, if any, will be determined based on the value of the Company immediately prior to the ownership change. Subsequent ownership changes may further affect the limitation in future years.
 
The Company has evaluated the positive and negative evidence bearing upon the realizability of its deferred tax assets. Based on the Company’s history of operating losses since inception, the Company has concluded that it is more likely than not that the benefit of its deferred tax assets will not be realized. Accordingly, the Company has provided a full valuation allowance for deferred tax assets as of November 30, 2016 and 2015. The valuation allowance increased by approximately $2.48 million and $369,000 for the fiscal years ended November 30, 2016 and 2015.
 
F-17
 
 
 
 
 
The tax effects of the temporary differences and carry forwards that give rise to deferred tax assets consist of the following:
 
 
 
As of November 30,
 
 
 
2016
 
 
2015
 
Deferred tax assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net-operating loss carryforward
  $ 885,120  
  $ 66,000  
Stock-based compensation
    1,685,262  
    87,000  
License agreement
    293,433  
    231,000  
Total Deferred Tax Assets
    2,863,815  
    384,000  
Valuation allowance
    (2,863,815 )
    (384,000 )
Deferred Tax Asset, Net of Allowance
  $ -  
  $ -  
 
       
       
 
       
       
A reconciliation of the statutory income tax rates and the Company’s effective tax rate is as follows:
 
 
For the year ended November 30,
 
 
 
2016
 
 
2015
 
Statutory Federal Income Tax Rate
 
 
(34.0
)%
 
 
(34.0
)%
State and Local Taxes, Net of Federal Tax Benefit
 
 
(4.7
)%
 
 
(4.7
)%
Loss on conversion of debt
 
 
0.5
%
 
 
0.0
%
Gain/ loss on extinguishment of convertible note
 
 
(0.7
)%
 
 
0.0
%
Change in fair value of embedded conversion option and related accretion of interest expense
 
 
1.6
%
 
 
4.0
%
Change in fair value of warrant liability
 
 
0.0
%
 
 
0.0
%
Loss on modification of Private Placement Units
 
 
0.2
%
 
 
0.0
%
Loss on issuance of convertible debt
 
 
2.6
%
 
 
0.0
%
Other
 
 
0.0
%
 
 
0.7
%
Change in Valuation Allowance
 
 
34.5
%
 
 
34.0
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Income Taxes Provision (Benefit)
 
 
0.0
%
 
 
0.0
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Company's major tax jurisdictions are the United States and New York. All of the Company's tax years will remain open starting 2013 for examination by the Federal and state tax authorities from the date of utilization of the net operating loss. The Company does not have any tax audits pending.
 
Note 12 - Subsequent Events
 
Issuance of shares for services
 
In December 2016, the Company issued an aggregate of 22,000 shares of the Company common stock to two vendors for advisory services.
 
Conversion of debt
 
Subsequent to November 30, 2016, upon the lender’s request, the Company converted an aggregate of $25,000 and $576,383 in Series B and Series C Notes outstanding principal into an aggregate of 12,928 and 407,484 shares of the Company’s common stock, respectively.
 
Exercise of warrant
 
In January 2017, the Company issued 20,000 shares of the Company’s common stock upon receiving the notice to exercise warrant at an exercise price of $3.50 included in Unit A sold in the May Private Placement, for an aggregate purchase price of $70,000.
 
Formation of Cayman Islands Subsidiary
 
On December 7, 2016, the Company formed its wholly-owned subsidiary in Cayman Islands, “Q BioMed Cayman SEZC”.
 
F-18
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Q BIOMED INC.
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of August 31, 2017 and November 30, 2016
 
 
 
 
August 31, 2017
 
 
November 30, 2016
 
 
 
(Unaudited)
 
 
 
 
ASSETS
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash
  $ 2,499,169  
  $ 1,468,724  
Prepaid expenses
    5,000  
    -  
Total current assets
    2,504,169  
    1,468,724  
Total Assets
  $ 2,504,169  
  $ 1,468,724  
 
       
       
 LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY DEFICIT
       
       
Current liabilities:
       
       
Accounts payable and accrued expenses
  $ 382,055  
  $ 497,936  
Accrued expenses - related party
    17,500  
    70,502  
Accrued interest payable
    33,299  
    48,813  
Convertible notes payable (See Note 5)
    1,922,474  
    2,394,849  
Note payable
    138,856  
    100,152  
Warrant liability
    -  
    168,070  
Total current liabilities
    2,494,184  
    3,280,322  
 
       
       
Long-term liabilities:
       
       
Convertible notes payable (See Note 5)
    -  
    231,517  
Total long term liabilities
    -  
    231,517  
Total Liabilities
    2,494,184  
    3,511,839  
 
       
       
Commitments and Contingencies (Note 6)
       
       
 
       
       
Stockholders' Equity Deficit:
       
       
Preferred stock, $0.001 par value; 100,000,000 shares authorized; no shares issued and outstanding as of August 31, 2017 and November 30, 2016
    -  
    -  
Common stock, $0.001 par value; 250,000,000 shares authorized; 11,496,169 and 9,231,560 shares issued and outstanding as of August 31, 2017 and November 30, 2016, respectively
    11,496  
    9,231  
Additional paid-in capital
    18,667,736  
    6,249,357  
Accumulated deficit
    (18,669,247 )
    (8,301,703 )
Total Stockholders' Equity Deficit
    9,985  
    (2,043,115 )
Total Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity Deficit
  $ 2,504,169  
  $ 1,468,724  
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements
 
 
F-19
 
 
 
 
 
 
Q BioMed Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the
Three Months and Nine Months Ended August 31, 2017
(Unaudited)
 
 
 
 
For the three months ended August 31,
 
 
For the nine months ended August 31,
 
 
 
2017
 
 
2016
 
 
2017
 
 
2016
 
Operating expenses:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
General and administrative expenses
  $ 3,038,018  
  $ 1,150,964  
  $ 6,122,565  
  $ 3,637,868  
Research and development expenses
    697,966  
    443,222  
    2,296,324  
    663,500  
Total operating expenses
    3,735,984  
    1,594,186  
    8,418,889  
    4,301,368  
 
       
       
       
       
Other income (expenses):
       
       
       
       
Interest expense
    (202,160 )
    (114,847 )
    (635,267 )
    (304,596 )
Interest income
    15  
    -  
    123  
    -  
Loss on conversion of debt
    -  
    (29,032 )
    (365,373 )
    (89,210 )
Loss on extinguishment of debt
    (76,251 )
    -  
    (76,251 )
    -  
Loss on issuance of convertible notes
    -  
    (28,000 )
    -  
    (481,000 )
Change in fair value of embedded conversion option
    32,983  
    50,000  
    (812,017 )
    362,000  
Change in fair value of warrant liability
    -  
    -  
    (59,870 )
    -  
Total other expenses
    (245,413 )
    (121,879 )
    (1,948,655 )
    (512,806 )
 
       
       
       
       
Net loss
  $ (3,981,397 )
  $ (1,716,065 )
  $ (10,367,544 )
  $ (4,814,174 )
 
       
       
       
       
Net loss per share - basic and diluted
  $ (0.37 )
  $ (0.19 )
  $ (1.03 )
  $ (0.55 )
 
       
       
       
       
Weighted average shares outstanding, basic and diluted
    10,816,282  
    8,909,414  
    10,074,766  
    8,784,373  
 
       
       
       
       
 
       
       
       
       
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
 
F-20
 
 
 
 
 
 
Q BIOMED INC.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(Unaudited)
 
 
 
For the nine months ended August 31,
 
 
 
2017
 
 
2016
 
Cash flows from operating activities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net loss
  $ (10,367,544 )
  $ (4,814,174 )
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities
       
       
Issuance of common stock, warrants and options for services
    4,181,693  
    3,039,277  
Issuance of common stock for acquired in-process research and development
    487,500  
    -  
Change in fair value of embedded conversion option
    812,017  
    (362,000 )
Change in fair value of warrant liability
    59,870  
    -  
Accretion of debt discount
    525,864  
    261,672  
Loss on conversion of debt
    365,373  
    89,210  
Loss on extinguishment of debt
    76,251  
    -  
Loss on issuance of convertible debt
    -  
    481,000  
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
       
       
Prepaid expenses
    (5,000 )
    (10,000 )
Accounts payable and accrued expenses
    (115,881 )
    363,593  
Accrued expenses - related party
    (53,002 )
    40,000  
Accrued interest payable
    109,404  
    42,925  
Net cash used in operating activities
    (3,923,455 )
    (868,497 )
 
       
       
Cash flows from financing activities:
       
       
Proceeds received from issuance of convertible notes
    2,500,000  
    815,000  
Proceeds received from exercise of warrants
    70,000  
    -  
Proceeds received for issuance of common stock and warrants , net of offering costs
    2,383,900  
    60,075  
Net cash provided by financing activities
    4,953,900  
    875,075  
 
       
       
Net increase in cash
    1,030,445  
    6,578  
 
       
       
Cash at beginning of period
    1,468,724  
    131,408  
Cash at end of period
  $ 2,499,169  
  $ 137,986  
 
       
       
Non-cash financing activities:
       
       
Issuance of common stock upon conversion of convertible notes payable
  $ 3,540,838  
  $ 244,897  
Issuance of common stock and warrants in exchange for extinguishment of convertible notes payable
  $ 442,149  
  $ -  
Issuance of warrants to settle accounts payable to related party
  $ -  
  $ 30,000  
Reclassification of warrant liability to equity
  $ 227,940  
  $ -  
 
       
       
Cash paid for interest
  $ -  
  $ -  
Cash paid for income taxes
  $ -  
  $ -  
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
 
F-21
 
 
 
 
 
 
Q BIOMED INC.
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Financial Statements
 
Note 1 - Organization of the Company and Description of the Business
 
Q BioMed Inc. (“Q BioMed” or “the Company”), incorporated in the State of Nevada on November 22, 2013, is a biomedical acceleration and development company focused on licensing, acquiring and providing strategic resources to life sciences and healthcare companies. Q BioMed intends to mitigate risk by acquiring multiple assets over time and across a broad spectrum of healthcare related products, companies and sectors.  The Company intends to develop these assets to provide returns via organic growth, revenue production, out-licensing, sale or spinoff new public companies.
 
On December 7, 2016, the Company formed its wholly-owned subsidiary in Cayman Islands, “Q BioMed Cayman SEZC” (the “Subsidiary”). The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiary.  All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
 
Note 2 - Basis of Presentation
 
The accompanying interim period unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) and applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") regarding interim financial reporting. The Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of August 31, 2017, the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three and nine months ended August 31, 2017 and 2016, and the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the nine months ended August 31, 2017 and 2016, are unaudited, but include all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, which the Company considers necessary for a fair presentation of its financial position, operating results and cash flows for the periods presented. The Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet at November 30, 2016 has been derived from audited financial statements included in the Company's Form 10-K, most recently filed with the SEC on February 28, 2017. The results for the three and nine months ended August 31, 2017 and 2016 are not necessarily indicative of the results expected for the full fiscal year or any other period.
 
The accompanying interim period unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and related financial information included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s Form 10-K.
 
The Company currently operates in one business segment focusing on licensing, acquiring and providing strategic resources to life sciences and healthcare companies. The Company is not organized by market and is managed and operated as one business. A single management team reports to the chief operating decision maker, the Chief Executive Officer, who comprehensively manages the entire business. The Company does not currently operate any separate lines of business.
 
Going Concern
 
The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements are prepared assuming the Company will continue as a going concern, which contemplates the realization of assets and liquidation of liabilities in the normal course of business.
 
The Company is pre-revenue, had approximately $2.5 million in cash as of August 31, 2017.  The ability of the Company to continue as a going concern depends on the Company obtaining adequate capital to fund operating losses until it generates adequate cash flows from operations to fund its operating costs and obligations. If the Company is unable to obtain adequate capital, it could be forced to cease operations.
 
The Company depends upon its ability, and will continue to attempt, to secure equity and/or debt financing.  The Company might not be successful, and without sufficient financing it would be unlikely for the Company to continue as a going concern. The Company cannot be certain that additional funding will be available on acceptable terms, or at all. Management has determined that there is substantial doubt about the Company's ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the condensed consolidated financial statements are issued. 
 
The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments relating to the recoverability and classification of recorded asset amounts, or amounts and classification of liabilities that might result from this uncertainty.
 
F-22
 
 
 
 
 
Note 3 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
 
The Company’s significant accounting policies are disclosed in the audited financial statements for the year ended November 30, 2016 included in the Company’s Form 10-K. Since the date of such financial statements, there have been no changes to the Company’s significant accounting policies.
 
Fair value of financial instruments
 
Fair value measurements discussed herein are based upon certain market assumptions and pertinent information available to management as of August 31, 2017 and November 30, 2016.  The respective carrying value of cash and accounts payable approximated their fair values as they are short term in nature.
 
As of August 31, 2017, the estimated aggregate fair value of all outstanding convertible notes payable is approximately $2.3 million. The fair value estimate is based on the estimated option value of the conversion terms, since the strike price of each note series is in-the-money at August 31, 2017. The estimated fair value represents a Level 3 measurement.
 
Recent accounting pronouncements
 
In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-06, Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Contingent Put and Call Options in Debt Instruments. This new standard simplifies the embedded derivative analysis for debt instruments containing contingent call or put options by removing the requirement to assess whether a contingent event is related to interest rates or credit risks. This new standard will be effective for the Company on January 1, 2017. The Company adopted the provisions. Adoption did not have a material impact on the Company's financial position, results of operations, or cash flows.
 
In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-15, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments. This new standard clarifies certain aspects of the statement of cash flows, including the classification of debt prepayment or debt extinguishment costs or other debt instruments with coupon interest rates that are insignificant in relation to the effective interest rate of the borrowing, contingent consideration payments made after a business combination, proceeds from the settlement of insurance claims, proceeds from the settlement of corporate-owned life insurance policies, distributions received from equity method investees and beneficial interests in securitization transactions. This new standard also clarifies that an entity should determine each separately identifiable source of use within the cash receipts and payments on the basis of the nature of the underlying cash flows. In situations in which cash receipts and payments have aspects of more than one class of cash flows and cannot be separated by source or use, the appropriate classification should depend on the activity that is likely to be the predominant source or use of cash flows for the item. This new standard will be effective for the Company on January 1, 2018. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the new standard on its condensed consolidated financial statements.
 
In January 2017, the FASB issued an ASU 2017-01, Business Combinations (Topic 805) Clarifying the Definition of a Business. The amendments in this Update is to clarify the definition of a business with the objective of adding guidance to assist entities with evaluating whether transactions should be accounted for as acquisitions (or disposals) of assets or businesses. The definition of a business affects many areas of accounting including acquisitions, disposals, goodwill, and consolidation. The guidance is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those periods. The Update may be adopted early. The Company adopted the provisions of ASC 2017-01 effective December 1, 2016. Adoption did not have a material impact on the Company's financial position, results of operations, or cash flows.
 
In July 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-11, Earnings Per Share (Topic 260), Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity (Topic 480), Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815). The amendments in Part I of this Update change the classification analysis of certain equity-linked financial instruments (or embedded features) with down round features. When determining whether certain financial instruments should be classified as liabilities or equity instruments, a down round feature no longer precludes equity classification when assessing whether the instrument is indexed to an entity’s own stock. The amendments also clarify existing disclosure requirements for equity-classified instruments. As a result, a freestanding equity-linked financial instrument (or embedded conversion option) no longer would be accounted for as a derivative liability at fair value as a result of the existence of a down round feature. For freestanding equity classified financial instruments, the amendments require entities that present earnings per share (EPS) in accordance with Topic 260 to recognize the effect of the down round feature when it is triggered. That effect is treated as a dividend and as a reduction of income available to common shareholders in basic EPS. Convertible instruments with embedded conversion options that have down round features are now subject to the specialized guidance for contingent beneficial conversion features (in Subtopic 470-20, Debt—Debt with Conversion and Other Options), including related EPS guidance (in Topic 260). The amendments in Part II of this Update recharacterize the indefinite deferral of certain provisions of Topic 480 that now are presented as pending content in the Codification, to a scope exception. Those amendments do not have an accounting effect. For public business entities, the amendments in Part I of this Update are effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2018. Early adoption is permitted for all entities, including adoption in an interim period. If an entity early adopts the amendments in an interim period, any adjustments should be reflected as of the beginning of the fiscal year that includes that interim period. Management is currently assessing the impact the adoption of ASU 2017-11 will have on the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
F-23
 
 
 
 
 
Note 4 – Loss per share
 
Basic net loss per share was calculated by dividing net loss by the weighted-average common shares outstanding during the period.  Diluted net loss per share was calculated by dividing net loss by the weighted-average common shares outstanding during the period using the treasury stock method or the two-class method, whichever is more dilutive. The table below summarizes potentially dilutive securities that were not considered in the computation of diluted net loss per share because they would be anti-dilutive.
 
Potentially dilutive securities
 
August 31, 2017
 
 
August 31, 2016
 
Warrants (Note 10)
    3,033,995  
    976,500  
Convertible debt (Note 5)
    567,407  
    506,757  
 
Note 5 – Convertible Notes
 
 
 
August 31, 2017
 
 
November 30, 2016
 
Series A Notes:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Principal value of 10%, convertible at $2.00 at November 30, 2016.
  $ -  
  $ 12,500  
Fair value of bifurcated embedded conversion option of Series A Notes
    -  
    12,000  
Debt discount
    -  
    (2,194 )
Carrying value of Series A Notes
    -  
    22,306  
 
       
       
Series B Notes:
       
       
Principal value of 10%, convertible at $2.00 at November 30, 2016.
    -  
    55,000  
Fair value of bifurcated embedded conversion option of Series B Notes
    -  
    55,000  
Debt discount
    -  
    (19,229 )
Carrying value of Series B Notes
    -  
    90,771  
 
       
       
Series C Notes:
       
       
Principal value of 10%, convertible at $1.55 at November 30, 2016.
    -  
    576,383  
Fair value of bifurcated embedded conversion option of Series C Notes
    -  
    838,000  
Debt discount
    -  
    (250,969 )
Carrying value of Series C Notes
    -  
    1,163,414  
 
       
       
Series D Notes:
       
       
Principal value of 10%, convertible at $1.85 at November 30, 2016.
    -  
    160,000  
Debt discount
    -  
    (140,961 )
Carrying value of Series D Notes
    -  
    19,039  
 
       
       
Series E Notes:
       
       
Principal value of 10%, convertible at $2.50 at August 31, 2017 and November 30, 2016.
    30,000  
    180,000  
Debt discount
    (4,062 )
    (124,164 )
Carrying value of Series E Notes
    25,938  
    55,836  
 
       
       
Convertible Debenture:
       
       
Principal value of 5%, convertible at $3.60 and $2.98 at August 31, 2017 and November 30, 2016, respectively.
    2,000,000  
    1,500,000  
Fair value of bifurcated contingent put option of Secured Convertible Debenture
    2,000  
    72,000  
Debt discount
    (105,464 )
    (297,000 )
Carrying value of Secured Convertible Debenture Note
    1,896,536  
    1,275,000  
Total short-term carrying value of convertible notes
  $ 1,922,474  
  $ 2,394,849  
Total long-term carrying value of convertible notes
  $ -  
  $ 231,517  
 
       
       
 
F-24
 
 
 
 
 
Series A Notes
 
The Series A convertible notes payable (the “Series A Notes”) are due and payable 18 months after issuance and bear interest at 10% per annum.  At the election of the holder, outstanding principal and accrued but unpaid interest under the Series A Notes is convertible into shares of the Company’s common stock at any time prior to maturity at a conversion price per share equal to the higher of: (i) forty percent (40%) discount to the average closing price for the ten (10) consecutive trading days immediately preceding the notice of conversion or (ii) $1.25 per share.  At maturity, any remaining outstanding principal and accrued but unpaid interest outstanding under the Series A Notes will automatically convert into shares of the Company’s common stock under the same terms. As of August 31, 2017, the Company has no Series A Notes outstanding.
 
Series B Notes
 
The Series B convertible notes payable (the “Series B Notes”) have the same terms as the Series A Notes. As of August 31, 2017, the Company has no Series B Notes outstanding.
 
Series C Notes
 
The Series C convertible notes payable (the “Series C Notes”) are due and payable 18 months after issuance and bear interest at 10% per annum.  At the election of the holder, outstanding principal and accrued but unpaid interest under the Series C Notes is convertible into shares of the Company’s common stock at a conversion price per share equal to the lesser of a 40% discount to the average closing price for the 10 consecutive trading days immediately preceding the notice of conversion or $1.55, but in no event shall the conversion price be lower than $1.25 per share.  If the average VWAP, as defined in the agreement, for the ten trading days immediately preceding the maturity date $5.00 or more, any remaining outstanding principal and accrued but unpaid interest outstanding under the Series C Notes will automatically convert into shares of the Company’s common stock under the same terms.  
 
The terms of the Series C Notes also provided that up until maturity date, the Company cannot enter into any additional, or modify any existing, agreements with any existing or future investors that are more favorable to such investor in relation to the Series D Note holders, unless, the Series C Note holders are provided with such rights and benefits (“Most Favored Nations Clause”). As of August 31, 2017, the Company has no Series C Notes outstanding.
 
Series D Notes
 
The Series D convertible notes payable (the “Series D Notes”) are due and payable 18 months after issuance and bear interest at 10% per annum.  At the election of the holder, outstanding principal and accrued but unpaid interest under the Series D Notes is convertible into shares of the Company’s common stock at a fixed conversion price per share equal to $1.85.  The Series D Notes automatically convert upon maturity at $1.85 per share if the ten trading days VWAP immediately preceding maturity is $5.00 or greater.  Additionally, if the Company’s common shares are up-listed to a senior exchange such as the AMEX or NASDAQ, all monies due under the Series D Notes will automatically convert at $1.85 per share.
 
The terms of the Series D Notes also included the Most Favored Nations Clause. The Most Favored Nations Clause was viewed as providing the Series D Note holder with down-round price protection.  As such, the embedded conversion option in the Series D Note was separately measured at fair value upon issuance, with subsequent changes in fair value recognized in current earnings.
 
On September 30, 2016, the Company amended the Most Favored Nations Clause of the Series D Notes to restrict the Company from taking dilutive action without the Series D note holders’ consent, effectively removing the down-round price protection.
 
At the amendment date, the conversion price of the amended Series D Notes was below the quoted market price of the Company’s common stock. As such, the Company recognized a beneficial conversion feature equal to the intrinsic value of the conversion price on the amendment date, resulting in a discount to the amended Series D Notes of $160,000 with a corresponding credit to additional paid-in capital. The resulting debt discount is presented net of the related convertible note balance in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets and is amortized to interest expense over the note’s term. As of August 31, 2017, the Company has no Series D Notes outstanding.
 
Series E Notes
 
The Series E convertible notes payable (the “Series E Notes”) are due and payable 18 months after issuance and bear interest at 10% per annum.  At the election of the holder, outstanding principal and accrued but unpaid interest under the Series E Notes is convertible into shares of the Company’s common stock at a fixed conversion price per share equal to $2.50.  The Series E Notes automatically convert upon maturity at $2.50 per share if the ten trading days VWAP immediately preceding maturity is $5.00 or greater.  Additionally, if the Company’s common shares are up-listed to a senior exchange such as the AMEX or NASDAQ, all monies due under the Series E Notes will automatically convert at $2.50 per share.
 
At the issuance date, the conversion price of the Series E Notes was below the quoted market price of the Company’s common stock. As such, the Company recognized a beneficial conversion feature equal to the intrinsic value of the conversion price on the amendment date, resulting in a discount to the Series E Notes of approximately $141,000 with a corresponding credit to additional paid-in capital. The resulting debt discount is presented net of the related convertible note balance in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets and is amortized to interest expense over the note’s term.
 
F-25
 
 
 
 
 
Secured Convertible Debentures
 
On November 29, 2016, the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement with an accredited investor to place Convertible Debentures (the “Debentures”), which was later amended on March 7, 2017, with a one-year term in the aggregate principal amount of up to $4,000,000. On October 3, 2017, the Company amended the Debentures to extend the maturity date from November 30, 2017 to November 30, 2018 (see Note 11).  The initial closing occurred on November 30, 2016 when the Company issued a Debenture for $1,500,000 (“Initial Debenture Note”).  The second closing of $1 million was on March 10, 2017 (“Second Debenture Note”), when the registration statement to register for resale all of the shares of common stock into which the Debentures may be converted (the “Conversion Shares”) was filed with the SEC.  The remaining balance of $1.5 million was received on April 6, 2017 (“Third Debenture Note”), the date the registration statement was declared effective by the SEC.  The Debentures bear interest at the rate of 5% per annum.  In addition, the Company must pay to an affiliate of the holder a fee equal to 5% of the amount of the Debenture at each closing.
 
The Debenture may be converted at any time on or prior to maturity at the lower of $4.00 or 93% of the average of the four lowest daily VWAP of the Company’s common stock during the ten consecutive trading days immediately preceding the conversion date, provided that as long as the Company is not in default under the Debenture, the conversion price may never be less than $2.00.  The Company may not convert any portion of the Debenture if such conversion would result in the holder beneficially owning more than 4.99% of the Company’s then issued common stock, provided that such limitation may be waived by the holder.
 
Any time after the six-month anniversary of the issuance of the Debenture, if the daily VWAP of the Company’s common stock is less than $2.00 for a period of twenty consecutive trading days (the “Triggering Date”) and only for so long as such conditions exist after a Triggering Date, the Company shall make monthly payments beginning on the last calendar day of the month when the Triggering Date occurred.  Each monthly payment shall be in an amount equal to the sum of (i) the principal amount outstanding as of the Triggering Date divided by the number of such monthly payments until maturity, (ii) a redemption premium of 20% in respect of such principal amount being paid (up to a maximum of $300,000 in redemption premium) and (iii) accrued and unpaid interest as of each payment date.  The Company may, no more than twice, obtain a thirty-day deferral of a monthly payment due as a result of a Triggering Date through the payment of a deferral fee in the amount equal to 10% of the total amount of such monthly payment.  Each deferral payment may be paid by the issuance of such number of shares as is equal to the applicable deferral payment divided by a price per share equal to 93% of the average of the four lowest daily VWAP of the Company’s common stock during the ten consecutive Trading Days immediately preceding the due date in respect of such monthly payment begin deferred, provided that such shares issued will be immediately freely tradable shares in the hands of the holder.
 
The Company also entered into a Security Agreement to secure payment and performance of its obligations under the Debenture and related agreements pursuant to which the Company granted the investor a security interest in all of its assets.  The security interest granted pursuant to the Security Agreement terminated on the effectiveness of the Registration Statement on April 6, 2017.
 
Upon issuance of the Second and Third Debenture Notes, the Company recognized a debt discount of $731,000, resulting from the recognition of a beneficial conversion feature of $645,000 and a bifurcated embedded derivative of $86,000.  The beneficial conversion feature was recognized as the intrinsic value of the conversion option on issuance of the Debentures.  The monthly payment provision within the Debentures is a contingent put option that is required to be separately measured at fair value, with subsequent changes in fair value recognized in the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations during the nine months ended August 31, 2017. The Company estimated the fair value of the monthly payment provision, as of August 31, 2017 and November 30, 2016, using probability analysis of the occurrence of a Triggering Date applied to the discounted maximum redemption premium for any given payment. The probability analysis utilized the following inputs:
 
Volatility
 
 
101.58% - 146.26
%
Risk-free rate
 
 
0.53% - 1.08
%
 
The maximum redemption was discounted at 20%, the calculated effective rate of the Debenture before measurement of the contingent put option. The fair value estimate is a Level 3 measurement.
 
F-26
 
 
 
 
 
Embedded Conversion Options
 
The embedded conversion feature is separately measured at fair value, with changes in fair value recognized in current operations.  Management used a binomial valuation model, with fourteen steps of the binomial tree, to estimate the fair value of the embedded conversion option at issuance of the Series A, B, C and D Notes with the following key inputs:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Embedded derivatives at inception and upon conversion
 
 
 
 
 
For the nine months ended August 31,
 
 
2017
 
2016
 
Stock price
 
$
4.93 - $7.05
 
 
$
2.60 - $3.26
 
Terms (years)
 
 
0.11 - 0.85
 
 
 
1.5
 
Volatility
 
 
144.26% - 157.35
%
 
 
116.77
%
Risk-free rate
 
 
0.53% - 0.76
%
 
 
0.51% - 0.76
%
Dividend yield
 
 
0.00
%
 
 
0.00
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Embedded derivatives at period end
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
August 31, 2017
 
November 30, 2016
 
Stock price
 
 
-
 
 
$
3.43
 
Term (years)
 
 
-
 
 
 
0.25 - 1.05
 
Volatility
 
 
-
 
 
 
156.74% - 163.49
%
Risk-free rate
 
 
-
 
 
 
0.48% - 0.80
%
Dividend yield
 
 
-
 
 
 
0.00
%
 
 
During the three months ended August 31, 2017 and 2016, the Company recognized interest expense of approximately $171,000 and $97,000, respectively, resulting from amortization of the debt discount for the outstanding convertible notes.  During the nine months ended August 31, 2017 and 2016, the Company recognized interest expense of approximately $526,000 and $262,000, respectively, resulting from amortization of the debt discount for the outstanding convertible notes. 
 
As of August 31, 2017, the embedded conversion options have an aggregate fair value of $2,000 and are presented on a combined basis with the related loan host in the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.  The table below presents changes in fair value for the embedded conversion options, which is a Level 3 fair value measurement:
 
Rollforward of Level 3 Fair Value Measurement for the Nine Months Ended August 31, 2017
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance at November 30, 2016
 
Issuance
 
Net unrealized gain/(loss)
 
Conversion
 
Balance at August 31, 2017
 
 
$
977,000
 
 
 
86,000
 
 
 
812,017
 
 
 
(1,873,017
)
 
$
2,000
 
 
Conversions of debt
 
The following conversions of the convertible notes occurred during the nine months ended August 31, 2017:
 
 
 
Principal
 
 
Shares
 
Series A conversions
    12,500  
    5,936  
Series B conversions
    55,000  
    27,995  
Series C conversions
    576,383  
    407,484  
Series D conversions
    160,000  
    91,782  
Series E conversions
    150,000  
    63,255  
Secured Debenture conversions
    2,000,000  
    461,203  
Total
  $ 2,953,883  
    1,057,655  
 
       
       
As the embedded conversion option in each note series had been separately measured at fair value, the conversion of each note was recognized as an extinguishment of debt.  The Company recognized a loss on conversion of debt of approximately $365,000 as the difference between the fair value of common stock issued to the holders of approximately $2.7 million and the aggregate net carrying value of the convertible notes, including the bifurcated conversion options, of approximately $2.3 million.
 
F-27
 
 
 
 
 
Extinguishment of debt
 
On August 1, 2017, the holder of the Debentures retired an aggregate of $250,000 each in principal of the Second and Third Debenture Notes along with its accrued interest, for a total amount of approximately $0.5 million, to reinvest and purchase an aggregate of 162,000 Units in the August Private Placement (see Note 9).  As the embedded conversion option in the Debentures had been separately measured at fair value, the cancellation of debt was recognized as an extinguishment of debt.  The Company recognized a loss on extinguishment of debt of approximately $76,000 as the difference between the fair value of Units issued to the holders of approximately $0.5 million and the aggregate net carrying value of the convertible notes, including the bifurcated conversion options, of approximately $442,000.
 
Events of default
 
The Company will be in default of the Series E Notes, and all amounts outstanding will become immediately due and payable upon: (i) maturity, (ii) any bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, cessation of operation, or liquidation events, (iii) if any money judgment, writ or similar process filed against the Company for more than $150,000 remains unvacated, unbonded or unstayed for a period of twenty (20) days, (iv) the Company fails to maintain the listing of the common stock on at least one of the OTC markets or the equivalent replacement exchange, (v) the Company’s failure to maintain any material intellectual property rights, personal, real property or other assets that are necessary to conduct its business, (vi) the restatement of any financial statements filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) for any period from two years prior to the notes issuance date and until the notes are no longer outstanding, if the restatement would have constituted a material adverse effect of the rights of the holders of the notes, (vii) the Company effectuates a reverse stock split of its common stock without twenty (20) days prior written notice to the notes’ holders, (viii) in the event that the Company replaces its transfer agent but fails to provide, prior to the effective date, a fully executed irrevocable transfer agent instructions signed by the successor transfer agent and the Company, (ix)  in the event that the Company depletes the share reserve and fails to increase the number of shares within three (3) business days, (x) if the Company fails to remain current in its filings with the SEC for more than 30 days after the filing deadline, (xi) after 12 months following the date the Company no longer deems itself a shell company as reflected in a ’34 Act filing, the Lenders are unable to convert the notes into free trading shares, and (xii) upon fundamental change of management.
 
The Company is currently not in default for any convertible notes issued.
 
Note 6 – Note Payable
 
As of August 31, 2017 and November 30, 2017, the Company had an outstanding promissory note of $150,000 (“OID Note”).  The OID Note does not pay interest and matures on November 3, 2017.
 
At the issuance date, the $150,000 OID Note was issued together with 15,000 restricted shares of the Company’s common stock for cash proceeds of $150,000. As such, the Company recognized a beneficial conversion feature, resulting in a discount to the OID Note of approximately $52,000 with a corresponding credit to additional paid-in capital. The resulting debt discount is presented net of the related convertible note balance in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets and is amortized to interest expense over the note’s term.
 
Note 7 – Commitments and Contingencies
 
Lease Agreement
 
In December 2016, the Subsidiary entered into a lease agreement for its office space located in Cayman Islands for $30,000 per annum.  The initial term of the agreement ends in December 2019 and can be renewed for another three years.
 
Rent expenses was classified within general and administrative expenses and was approximately $7,500 and $18,000 for the three and nine months ended August 31, 2017.
 
F-28
 
 
 
 
 
License Agreement
 
Mannin
 
On October 29, 2015, the Company entered into a Patent and Technology License and Purchase Option Agreement (“Exclusive License”) with a vendor whereby the Company was granted a worldwide, exclusive, license on, and option to, acquire certain intellectual property (“Mannin IP”) which initially focused on developing a first-in-class eye drop treatment for glaucoma within the four-year term of the Exclusive License.  
 
During the three and nine months ended August 31, 2017, the Company incurred approximately $525,000 and $1.4 million, respectively, in research and development expenses to fund the costs of development of the eye drop treatment for glaucoma pursuant to the Exclusive License.  Through August 31, 2017, the Company had funded an aggregate of $2.15 million to Mannin under the Exclusive License.
 
Bio-Nucleonics
 
On September 6, 2016, the Company entered into the Patent and Technology License and Purchase Option Agreement (the “BNI Exclusive License”) with Bio-Nucleonics Inc. (“BNI”) whereby the Company was granted a worldwide, exclusive, perpetual, license on, and option to, acquire certain BNI intellectual property (“BNI IP”) within the three-year term of the BNI Exclusive License.
 
During the three and nine months ended August 31, 2017, the Company incurred approximately $144,000 and $352,500, respectively, in research and development expenses pursuant to the BNI Exclusive License.  As of August 31, 2017, the Company had paid approximately $351,700 to BNI out of the $850,000 cash funding requirement.
 
Asdera
 
On April 21, 2017, the Company entered into a License Agreement on Patent & Know-How Technology (“Asdera License”) with Asdera LLC (“Asdera”) whereby the Company was granted a worldwide, exclusive, license on certain Asdera intellectual property (“Asdera IP”). The initial cost to acquire the Asdera License is $50,000 and the issuance of 125,000 shares of the Company’s common stock, with a fair value of $487,500, of which the Company had fully paid and issued as of August 31, 2017, and recorded in research and development expenses in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. In addition to royalties based upon net sales of the product candidate, if any, the Company is required to make certain additional payments upon the following milestones:
 
    the filing of an investigational new drug application (the “IND”) with the US Food and Drug Administration (“FDA”);
    successful interim results of Phase II/III clinical trial of the product candidate;
    FDA acceptance of a new drug application;
      FDA approval of the product candidate; and
    achieving certain worldwide net sales.
 
Subject to the terms of the Agreement, the Company will be in control of the development and commercialization of the product candidate and are responsible for the costs of such development and commercialization.  The Company has undertaken a good-faith commitment to (i) initiate a Phase II/III clinical trial at the earlier of the two-year anniversary of the agreement or one year from the FDA’s approval of the IND and (ii) to make the first commercial sale by the fifth-anniversary of the agreement.  Failure to show a good-faith effort to meet those goals would mean that the Asdera IP would revert to Asdera.  Upon such reversion, Asdera would be obligated to pay the Company royalties on any sales of products derived from the Asdera IP until such time that Asdera has paid the Company twice the sum that the Company had provided Asdera prior to the reversion.
 
OMRF
 
OMRF License Agreement
 
On June 15, 2017, the Company entered into a Technology License Agreement (“OMRF License Agreement”) with the Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, an autonomous research institute under the Government of India (“RGCB”), and the Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation (“OMRF” and together with RGCB, the “Licensors”), whereby the Licensors granted the Company a worldwide, exclusive, license on intellectual property related to Uttroside-B (the “Uttroside-B IP”).  Uttroside-B is a chemical compound derived from the plant  Solanum nigrum Linn, also known as Black Nightshade or Makoi.  The Company seeks to use the Uttroside-B IP to create a  chemotherapeutic agent against liver cancer.
 
F-29
 
 
 
 
 
The initial cost to acquire the OMRF License Agreement is $10,000, which will be payable upon reaching certain agreed conditions.  The Company is expecting to pay this initial cost in the next quarter. In addition to royalties based upon net sales of the product candidate, if any, the Company is required to make additional payments upon the following milestones:
 
    the completion of certain preclinical studies (the “Pre-Clinical Trials”);
    the filing of an investigational new drug application (the “IND”) with the US Food and Drug Administration (“FDA”) or the filing of the equivalent of an IND with the foreign equivalent of the FDA;
    successful completion of each of Phase I, Phase II and Phase III clinical trials;
    FDA approval of the product candidate;
    approval by the foreign equivalent of the FDA of the product candidate;
    achieving certain worldwide net sales; and
    a change of control of QBIO.
 
Subject to the terms of the Agreement, the Company will be in control of the development and commercialization of the product candidate and are responsible for the costs of such development and commercialization.  The Company has undertaken a good-faith commitment to (i) fund the Pre-Clinical Trials and (ii) to initiate a Phase II clinical trial within six years of the date of the Agreement.  Failure to show a good-faith effort to meet those goals would mean that the RGCB License Agreement would revert to the Licensors.
 
Milestones
 
No milestones have been reached to date on these license agreements.
 
Note 8 - Related Party Transactions
 
The Company entered into consulting agreements with certain management personnel and stockholders for consulting and legal services.  Consulting and legal expenses associated with related parties were incurred as follow, and were included within general and administrative expenses in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.
 
 
 
For the three months ended August 31,
 
 
For the nine months ended August 31,
 
 
 
2017
 
 
2016
 
 
2017
 
 
2016
 
Related parties
  $ 102,500  
  $ 104,632  
  $ 322,500  
  $ 207,875  
 
Note 9 - Stockholders’ Equity Deficit
 
As of August 31, 2017, the Company is authorized to issue up to 250,000,000 shares of its $0.001 par value common stock and up to 100,000,000 shares of its $0.001 par value preferred stock.
 
Private Placement
 
On August 1, 2017, the Company closed its private placement (“August Private Placement”), selling an aggregate of 953,249 units (“Units”) at a price of $3.20 per Unit, for an aggregate cash proceeds of approximately $2.4 million, net of offering costs, and the retirement of $0.5 million in principal and accrued interest of the Debentures.   A Unit consists of one common stock and one warrant exercisable for five years from the date of issuance into a share of the Company’s common stock at an exercise price of $4.50.
 
In connection with the August Private Placement, the Company issued an aggregate of 39,246 warrants to the placement agents as consideration.  These warrants have the same terms with the warrants issued in the August Private Placement.
 
In January 2017, the Company issued 20,000 shares of the Company’s common stock upon receiving the notice to exercise the warrants at an exercise price of $3.50 included in Unit A sold in the private placement held in May 2017, for an aggregate purchase price of $70,000.
 
Issuance of Shares for Services
 
The Company entered into customary consulting arrangements with various counterparties to provide consulting services, business development and investor relations services.   During the nine months ended August 31, 2017, the Company issued an aggregate of 108,705 shares of the Company common stock to various vendors for investor relation and introductory services, valued at approximately $0.5 million based on the estimated fair market value of the stock on the date of grant and was recognized within general and administrative expenses in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three and nine months ended August 31, 2017.
 
Note 10 – Warrants and Options
 
Warrant Liability
 
As of November 30, 2016, the Company had outstanding warrants issued as part of the private placement units initially classified as liabilities because the exercise price may be adjusted downward, in certain circumstances, for a ninety-day period following their initial issuance. Warrant liabilities are measured at fair value, with changes in fair value recognized each reporting period in the Statement of Operations. The warrants ceased being liability classified at the conclusion of the ninetieth day from issuance.  As a result, an aggregate of approximately $228,000 in warrant liability was reclassified to equity during the nine months ended August 31, 2017.  All other warrants are equity classified.
 
The warrant liability is a Level 3 fair value measurement, recognized on a recurring basis. Both observable and unobservable inputs may be used to determine the fair value of positions that the Company has classified within the Level 3 category. As a result, the unrealized gains and losses for liabilities within the Level 3 category may include changes in fair value that were attributable to both observable inputs (e.g., changes in market interest rates) and unobservable inputs (e.g., probabilities of the occurrence of an early termination event).
 
Fair value of warrant liability at November 30, 2016
  $ 168,070  
Issuance of new warrant liability
    -  
Change in fair value of warrant liability
    59,870  
Reclassification of warrant liability to equity
    (227,940 )
Fair value of warrant liability at August 31, 2017
  $ -  
 
Summary of warrants
 
The following represents a summary of all outstanding warrants to purchase the Company’s common stock, including warrants issued to vendors for services and warrants issued as part of the units sold in the private placements, at August 31, 2017 and changes during the period then ended:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Weighted Average
 
 
 
 
 
 
Weighted Average
 
 
 
 
 
Remaining Contractual
 
 
 
Warrants
 
 
Exercise Price
 
 
Intrinsic Value
 
 
Life (years)
 
Outstanding at November 30, 2016
 
 
1,047,500
 
 
$
2.54
 
 
$
1,158,000
 
 
 
4.10
 
Issued
 
 
2,006,495
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
Exercised
 
 
(20,000
)
 
 
3.50
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
Outstanding at August 31, 2017
 
 
3,033,995
 
 
$
3.66
 
 
$
1,659,285
 
 
 
4.29
 
Exercisable at August 31, 2017
 
 
2,245,995
 
 
$
3.54
 
 
$
1,617,235
 
 
 
4.19
 
 
Fair value of all outstanding warrants was calculated with the following key inputs:
 
 
 
For the nine months ended August 31, 2017
 
Stock price
 
$
3.50 - $7.87
 
Term (years)
 
 
1.75 – 5.0
 
Volatility
 
 
129.81% - 142.93
%
Risk-free rate
 
 
1.17% - 1.74
%
Dividend yield
 
 
0.00
%
 
F-30
 
 
 
 
 
Options issued for services
 
The following represents a summary of all outstanding options to purchase the Company’s common stock at August 31, 2017 and changes during the period then ended:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Weighted Average
 
 
 
 
Weighted Average
 
 
 
Remaining Contractual
 
 
Options
 
Exercise Price
 
Intrinsic Value
 
Life (years)
 
Outstanding at November 30, 2016
 
 
-
 
 
$
-
 
 
$
-
 
 
 
-
 
Issued
 
 
450,000
 
 
 
4.00
 
 
 
26,100
 
 
 
4.76
 
Exercised
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
Outstanding at August 31, 2017
 
 
450,000
 
 
$
4.00
 
 
$
26,100
 
 
 
4.76
 
Exercisable at August 31, 2017
 
 
-
 
 
$
-
 
 
$
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Stock-based Compensation
 
The Company recognized general and administrative expenses of approximately $4.2 million and $3.0 million, as a result of the shares, outstanding warrants and options issued to consultants and employees during the nine months ended August 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively.
 
As of August 31, 2017, the estimated unrecognized stock-based compensation associated with these agreements is approximately $3.5 million and will be recognized over the next 0.32 year.
 
Note 11 – Subsequent Events
 
Research Agreement #1
 
On September 1, 2017, the Company entered into the research agreement (“Research Agreement #1) with OMRF to have OMRF perform the research program for a maximum period of six months.  The Company agreed to pay OMRF a total cost of approximately $100,000 for the performance of the research program.
 
Conversion of debt
 
On October 16, 2017, the Company received the conversion notice from the holder of the Debentures to convert an aggregate of $500,000 in principal of the Second Debenture Note, along with its accrued interest, into an aggregate of 142,662 shares of the Company’s common stock.  The Company has not issued these shares yet.
 
Issuance of securities
 
On October 3, 2017, the Company amended the Debentures to extend the maturity date from November 30, 2017 to November 30, 2018, and issued 25,641 restricted shares of its common stock to the holder of the Debentures as consideration.
 
In September 2017, the Company issued warrants to purchase up to 50,000 shares of the Company’s common stock to two vendors for services. The warrants are exercisable for three years at a per share price of $4.00.
 
Subsequent to August 31, 2017, the Company issued an aggregate of 31,000 shares of its common stock to its vendors for services.
 
On November 2, 2017, the Company issued 46,875 shares of its common stock in full settlement of $150,000 in principal and interest due to CMGT as a result of promissory notes issued by it in November 2016.
 
On November 22, 2017, the Company issued 166,592 shares of its common stock to Yorkville Advisors in exchange for conversion of promissory notes totaling $551,771.
 
On November 29, 2017, the Company issued 270,270 shares of its common stock to Yorkville Advisors in exchange for conversion of promissory notes totaling $1,000,000.
 
F-31
 
 
 
 
 
PROSPECTUS
 
 
 
 
 
2,250,000 Shares of Common Stock
2,250,000 Warrants to Purchase 2,250,000 Shares of Common Stock
 
 
 
 
Lead Placement Agent
Roth Capital Partners
Co-Lead Placement Agent
Brookline Capital Markets
 
                    , 2018
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PART II
 
INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN THE PROSPECTUS
 
ITEM 13.
OTHER EXPENSES OF ISSUANCE AND DISTRIBUTION.
 
The table below itemizes the expenses payable by the registrant in connection with the registration and issuance of the securities being registered hereunder, other than placement agents' fees. All amounts except the Securities and Exchange Commission registration fee are estimated.
 
Securities and Exchange Commission Registration Fee
  $ 3,085
Legal Fees and Expenses
  $ 25,000  
Placement agents’ Fees and Expenses
  $ 50,000  
Accountants’ Fees and Expenses
  $ 50,000  
Total
  $ 128,085
 
ITEM 14.
INDEMNIFICATION OF DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS.
 
Our officers and directors are indemnified under Nevada law. Our Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation and our Bylaws are silent as to director and officer indemnification other than to allow such indemnification to the greatest extent permitted by Nevada law.
 
Nevada Revised Statute. The registrant is a Nevada corporation.
 
Section 78.138 of the Nevada Revised Statutes provides that a director or officer will not be personally liable to the corporation and its stockholders unless it is proven that (i) the director's or officer's acts or omissions constituted a breach of his fiduciary duties, and (ii) such breach involved intentional misconduct, fraud or a knowing violation of the law. The provisions of the Nevada Revised Statutes with respect to limiting personal liability for directors and officers are self-executing and, to the extent the provisions of our Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation and By-laws would be deemed to be inconsistent therewith, the provisions of the Nevada Revised Statutes will control.
 
Section 78.7502 of the Nevada Revised Statutes permits a corporation to indemnify a present or former director, officer, employee or agent of the corporation, or of another entity or enterprise for which such person is or was serving in such capacity at the request of the corporation, who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding, except an action by or in the right of the corporation, against expenses, including attorneys’ fees, judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred in connection therewith, arising by reason of such person’s service in such capacity if such person (i) is not liable pursuant to Section 78.138 of the Nevada Revised Statutes, or (ii) acted in good faith and in a manner which he or she reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the corporation and, with respect to a criminal action or proceeding, had no reasonable cause to believe his or her conduct was unlawful. In the case of actions brought by or in the right of the corporation, however, no indemnification may be made for any claim, issue or matter as to which such person has been adjudged by a court of competent jurisdiction, after exhaustion of all appeals therefrom, to be liable to the corporation or for amounts paid in settlement to the corporation, unless and only to the extent that the court in which the action or suit was brought or other court of competent jurisdiction determines upon application that in view of all the circumstances of the case, such person is fairly and reasonably entitled to indemnity for such expenses as the court deems proper.
 
Section 78.751 of the Nevada Revised Statutes permits any discretionary indemnification under Section 78.7502 of the Nevada Revised Statutes, unless ordered by a court or advanced to a director or officer by the corporation in accordance with the Nevada Revised Statutes, to be made by a corporation only as authorized in each specific case upon a determination that indemnification of the director, officer, employee or agent is proper in the circumstances. Such determination must be made (1) by the stockholders, (2) by the board of directors by majority vote of a quorum consisting of directors who were not parties to the action, suit or proceeding, (3) if a majority vote of a quorum consisting of directors who were not parties to the action, suit or proceeding so orders, by independent legal counsel in a written opinion, or (4) if a quorum consisting of directors who were not parties to the action, suit or proceeding cannot be obtained, by independent legal counsel in a written opinion.
 
II-1
 
 
 
 
 
ITEM 15.
SALES OF UNREGISTERED SECURITIES IN PAST THREE YEARS. 
 
On April 21, 2015, we issued 2,500,000 shares of our common stock to a director for prepaid services valued at $20,000, pursuant to an Advisory Agreement.  This sale of stock did not involve any public offering, general advertising or solicitation.  At the time of the issuance, the purchaser had fair access to and was in possession of all available material information about our company.  Additionally, the purchaser represented his intent to acquire securities for his own account and not with a view to further distribute the shares.  The shares bear a restrictive transfer legend. 
 
On June 1, 2015, we elected Mr. William Rosenstadt to our board and appointed him as Chief Legal Officer. In exchange for such services for a one-year term, the Company agreed to pay Mr. Rosenstadt 375,000 shares of our common stock. In June 2015, we also engaged the law firm at which Mr. Rosenstadt is a partner to provide us with legal services. We are paying for these services for the first six months through the issuance to such law firm of 500,000 shares of our common stock.
 
On June 1, 2015, we entered into an advisory agreement with a business analyst. In exchange for services, we issued 250,000 restricted shares of common stock.
 
On July 15, 2016, we issued to two of our executive officer five-year warrants to purchase 150,000 shares of common stock at a price of $1.45 per share.
 
From October 30, 2015 through December 19, 2015, we sold $240,000 in convertible promissory notes to 8 purchasers for a total of $240,000 (collectively, the “Notes”). The Notes: (i) have terms of eighteen-months; (ii) an interest rate of 10%; (iii) are convertible at any time into shares of our common stock at a 40% discount to the average closing price for the previous ten days, but in no event lower than $1.25; and (iv) can be converted by the Company when upon the listing of the Company’s securities on a senior exchange, such as the NASDAQ.
 
On November 12 and December 15, 2015, respectively, we issued convertible promissory notes to two institutional investors for a total of $385,000 (“Institutional Notes”). Those notes: (i)  have terms of eighteen-months; (ii) an interest rate of 10%; (iii) are convertible at any time into shares of our common stock at a 40% discount to the average closing price for the previous ten days, but not higher than $1.55; (iv) can be called by the lender of such Note if the average volume weighted average price for the ten (10) Trading Days immediately preceding the respective maturity date is less than $1.25 per share; and (v) can be converted by the Company if the Company’s common stock is above $5.00 on the respective maturity date or upon the listing on a senior exchange, such as the NASDAQ.
 
In November 2015, we issued 6,000 shares of our common stock to a vendor for web development services.
 
Between November 30, 2015 and March 11, 2016, we issued an aggregate of 106,000 shares of our common stocks to three vendors and committed to issue an additional of 76,000 shares of our common stocks pursuant to the consulting agreements that we entered into.
 
On January 8, 2016, we entered into a stock purchase agreement with CMGT, whereby the purchaser had the right to purchase up to $415,000 of our common stock on the same terms as the Institutional Notes for a period ending on June 8, 2016. To date, CMGT has purchased $35,000 under this structure.
 
In January 2016, we issued five-year warrants to purchase 250,000 shares of common stock at a price of $4.15 per share in connection with legal services provided to us.
 
On April 30, 2016, we issued an aggregate of 68,450 common shares to four vendors for introductory, professional relations services, media and investor relations services
 
On May 16, 2016, we issued 20,000 units, with each unit consists of a share of common stock and a warrant to purchase a share of common stock at $3.50 in exchange for $50,000.
 
On June 6, 2016, we issued an aggregate of 31,700 common shares to two vendors for introductory services professional relations services.
 
In June 2016, we issued an aggregate of 38,710 common shares upon receipt of conversion notices from Series C holders.
 
In July 2016, we issued five-year warrants to purchase 50,000 shares of common stock at a price of $1.45 per in connection with legal services provided to us.
 
II-2
 
 
 
 
 
In August 2016, we issued an aggregate of 53,000 common shares to two vendors for introductory, and media and investor relations services.
 
On August 9, 2016, we issued 16,300 common shares upon receipt of conversion notices from Series B holders.
 
On August 10, 2016, we issued (i) 6,500 units, with each unit consisting of a share of common stock and a warrant to purchase a share of common stock at $3.50 for aggregate consideration of approximately $10,000, and (ii) 12,258 common shares to an investor to compensate for the difference in purchase prices pursuant to an anti-dilution right.
 
On September 7, 2016, we issued 50,000 common shares to BNI pursuant to the Patent and Technology License and Purchase Option Agreement.
 
In September and October 2016, we issued (i) 37,500 units, with each unit consisting of a share of common stock and a warrant to purchase a share of common stock at $5.00 for aggregate consideration of approximately $112,500.
 
In November 2016,  we issued 16,414 common shares upon receipt of conversion notices from a Series A holder.
 
In November 2016, we issued an aggregate of 82,391 common shares to three vendors for introductory, and media and investor relations services.
 
I n November 2016, we issued (i) 26,000 units, with each unit consisting of a share of common stock and a warrant to purchase a share of common stock at $4.00 for aggregate consideration of $65,000, and (ii)  7,502 units  to an investor to compensate for the difference in purchase prices pursuant to an anti-dilution right.
 
On November 10, 2016, we issued 15,000 common shares in connection with the OID Note.
 
On November 29, 2016, we issued Convertible Notes with a maturity date of one year after the issuance thereof in the aggregate principal amount of up to $4,000,000. The Debenture may be converted at any time on or prior to maturity at the lower of $4.00 or 93% of the average of the four lowest daily VWAPs during the 10 consecutive trading days immediately preceding the conversion date, provided that as long as we are not in default under the Debenture, the conversion price may never be less than $2.00. 
 
In December 2016, we issued an aggregate of 22,000 common shares to two vendors for introductory, and media and investor relations services.
 
In December 2016 and January 2017,  we issued an aggregate of 12,928 and 407,484 common shares upon receipt of conversion notices from the Series B and Series C Note holders.
 
In January 2017, we issued 20,000 common shares upon receiving the notice to exercise warrant at an exercise price of $3.50 included in unit sold in the May Private Placement, for an aggregate purchase price of $70,000.
 
On June 5, 2017, we issued warrants to purchase up to 350,000 shares of our common stock to each of Denis Corin, our President and Chief Executive Officer, and William Rosenstadt, our Chief Legal Officer. The warrants were issued as a bonus for their business development services to the Company over the last 12 months. The warrants are exercisable for five years at a per share price of $4.00. The warrants may not be exercised within the first six months of their issuance.
 
On June 5, 2017, we issued warrants to purchase up to 150,000 shares of our common stock to each of Ari Jatwes and David Laskow Pooley as a bonus for their business development services to the Company over the last 12 months. The warrants are exercisable for five years at a per share price of $4.00. The warrants may not be exercised within the first six months of their issuance.
 
On June 5, 2017, we issued options to purchase up to 150,000 shares of our common stock to each of Denis Corin, our President and Chief Executive Officer, and William Rosenstadt, our Chief Legal Officer. 50,000 of the options were issued as compensation for their continued services on our board of directors through June 1, 2018 and 100,000 of the options were issued as compensation as officers through June 1, 2018. 37,500 of the options vest on September 1, 2017, 37,500 of the options vest on December 1, 2017, 37,500 of the options vest on March 1, 2018 and 37,500 of the options vest on June 1, 2018. The options are exercisable for five years at a per share price of $4.00. The options may not be exercised within the first six months of vesting.
 
On June 5, 2017, we issued warrants to purchase up to 25,000 shares of our common stock to a consultant as a bonus for their business development services to the Company over the last 12 months. The warrants are exercisable for five years at a per share price of $4.00. The warrants may not be exercised within the first six months of their issuance.
 
On June 5, 2017, we issued warrants to purchase up to 10,000 shares of our common stock to a consultant as a bonus for accounting services to the Company over the last 12 months. The warrants are exercisable for five years at a per share price of $4.00. The warrants may not be exercised within the first six months of their issuance.
 
II-3
 
 
 
 
 
On August 1, 2017, we issued 953,249 units in exchange for $3,050,390, which included payment through the retirement of $518,400 of outstanding debt.  Each unit consisted of two shares of our common stock and a warrant to purchase a share of our common stock at $4.50. We also issued 39,246 warrants to the placement agents in the August 1, 2017 transaction pursuant to the placement agents agreement to which the placement agents and we are parties.
 
On October 3, 2017, we issued 25,641 restricted shares of our common stock to the holder of the Debentures as consideration for extending the maturity date of the Debentures from November 30, 2017 to November 30, 2018.
 
In September and October 2017, we issued an aggregate of 31,000 shares of its common stock to our vendors for services.
 
On October 16, 2017, we issued 146,662 shares of our common stock to the holder of a convertible notes issued on March 10, 2017 upon the conversion of $500,445 of principal and interest of such note.
 
On November 2, 2017, the Company issued 46,875 shares of its common stock in full settlement of $150,000 in principal and interest due to CMGT as a result of promissory notes issued by it in November 2016.
 
On November 22, 2017, we issued 166,592 shares of our common stock to the holder of a convertible notes issued on November 29, 2016 and March 10, 2017 upon the conversion of $551,771 of principal and interest of such notes.
 
On November 23, 2017, we issued 13,200 shares of our common stock to an investor upon its conversion of $30,000 in principal in, and $3,000 in interest on, a convertible note purchased from us on November 22, 2016.
 
On November 29, 2017, we issued 270,270 shares of our common stock to the holder of a convertible notes issued on November 29, 2016 upon the conversion of $1,000,000 of principal of such note and the waiver and release of any other amounts or obligations, including interest, due under such note, a convertible note issued on March 10, 2017 and a convertible note issued on April 7, 2017.
 
The issuances of the securities mentioned above qualified for the exemption from registration contained in Section 4(2) of the Securities Act of 1933. 
 
II-4
 
 
 
 
 
ITEM 16.
EXHIBITS. 
 
 
Exhibit
Number
 
Description
    3.1  
Articles of Incorporation filed as Exhibit 3 (a) to Form S-1 filed on January 13, 2014 and incorporated herein by reference
    3.2  
Amendment to Articles of Incorporation, dated July 20, 2015, filed as Exhibit 3.1 to our periodic report filed on Form 8-K on August 3, 2015 and incorporated herein by reference
    3.3  
Amendment to Articles of Incorporation, dated October 27, 2015, filed as Exhibit 3.1 to our periodic report filed on Form 8-K on October 29, 2015 and incorporated herein by reference
    3.4  
Articles of Incorporation filed as Exhibit 3 (b) to Form S-1 filed on January 13, 2014 and incorporated herein by reference
    4.1  
Form of Warrant in connection with this offering*
    4.2
 
Form of Warrant as filed as Exhibit 4.2 to our current report on Form 8-K filed on June 9, 2017 and incorporated herein by reference
    4.3
 
Form of Warrant as filed as Exhibit 10.3 to our current report on Form 8-K filed on August 2, 2017 and incorporated herein by reference
    5.1  
Opinion of Ortoli Rosenstadt LLP*
    10.1  
Form of Non-Institutional Promissory Note filed as Exhibit 10.1 to our current report on Form 8-K filed on January 13, 2016 and incorporated herein by reference
    10.2  
Stock Purchase Agreement for Institutional Promissory Note, dated January 8, 2016, with CMGT filed as Exhibit 10.2 to our current report on Form 8-K filed on January 13, 2016 and incorporated herein by reference
    10.3  
Form of Institutional Promissory Note filed as Exhibit 10.4 to our current report on Form 8-K filed on January 13, 2016 and incorporated herein by reference
    10.4  
Advisory Agreement, dated September 8, 2015, with Wombat Capital Ltd. filed as Exhibit 10.5 to our current report on Form 8-K filed on January 13, 2016 and incorporated herein by reference
    10.5  
Advisory Agreement, dated June 1, 2015, with Ari Jatwes   filed as Exhibit 10.6 to our current report on Form 8-K filed on January 13, 2016 and incorporated herein by reference
    10.6  
Consulting Agreement, dated November 13, 2015, Pharmafor Ltd. filed as Exhibit 10.7 to our current report on Form 8-K filed on January 13, 2016 and incorporated herein by reference
    10.7
 
Executive Services Agreement, dates June 1, 2017, between Denis Corin and Q BioMed Cayman SEZC filed as Exhibit 10.1 to our current report on Form 8-K filed on June 9, 2017 and incorporated herein by reference
    10.9
 
Form of Non-Qualified Stock Option Agreement filed as Exhibit 4.1 to our current report on Form 8-K filed on June 9, 2017 and incorporated herein by reference
    10.10  
Patent and Technology License and Purchase Option Agreement, dated October 29, 2015, with Mannin Research Inc. filed as Exhibit 10.1 to our annual report on Form 10-K filed on March 11, 2016 and incorporated herein by reference +
    10.11
 
Patent and Technology License and Purchase Option Agreement, dated May 30, 2016, with Bio-Nucleonics Inc., filed as Exhibit 10.1 to our quarterly report on Form 10-Q filed on October 17, 2016 and incorporated herein by reference +
    10.12  
First Amendment to Patent and Technology License and Purchase Option Agreement, dated September 6, 2016, with Bio-Nucleonics Inc., filed as Exhibit 10.2 to our quarterly report on Form 10-Q filed on October 17, 2016 and incorporated herein by reference +
    10.13  
License Agreement on Patent & Know-How Technology, dated April 21, 2017, between Q BioMed Inc. and ASDERA LLC filed as Exhibit 10.1 to our quarterly report on Form 10-Q filed on April 25, 2017 and incorporated herein by reference +
    10.14  
Executive Services Agreement, dated June 5, 2017, between Q BioMed Cayman SEZC and Denis Corin filed as Exhibit 10.1 to our current report on Form 8-K filed on June 9, 2017 and incorporated herein by reference
    10.15  
Technology License Agreement, dated June 15, 2017, among Q BioMed Inc., Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation and Rajiv Gandhi Centre for BioTechnology filed as Exhibit 10.1 to our current report on Form 8-K filed on June 15, 2017 and incorporated herein by reference +
    10.16  
Form of Placement Agent Agreement*
    10.17  
Form of Securities Purchase Agreement*
    21.1  
Q BioMed Inc. has one subsidiary: Q BioMed Cayman SEZC, which was incorporated in the Cayman Islands. Q BioMed Inc. has 100% of the voting and dispositive control over Q BioMed Cayman SEZC capital stock.
    23.1  
Consent of Marcum LLP*
    23.2  
Consent of Ortoli Rosenstadt LLP (included in Exhibit 5.1)*
    24.1  
Power of Attorney (included on the signature page to this Registration Statement)*
* Filed herewith
+ Portions of this exhibit have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment, and the SEC has granted confidential treatment pursuant to Rule 406 under the Securities Act. Confidential information has been omitted from the exhibit in places marked “****”and has been filed separately with the SEC .
 
 
II-5
 
 
 
 
 
 
ITEM 17.
UNDERTAKINGS.
 
(a) 
RULE 415 OFFERING
 
The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes:
 
(1)  To file, during any period in which offers or sales are being made, a post-effective amendment to this Registration Statement:
 
(i)   
To include any prospectus required by Section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended;
 
(ii)   
To reflect in the prospectus any facts or events arising after the effective date of the registration statement (or the most recent post-effective amendment thereof) which, individually or in the aggregate, represent a fundamental change in the information set forth in the registration statement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any increase or decrease in the volume of securities offered (if the total dollar value of securities offered would not exceed that which was registered) and any deviation from the low or high end of the estimated maximum offering range may be reflected in the form of prospectus filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b)) if, in the aggregate, the changes in volume and price represent no more than 20% change in the maximum aggregate offering price set forth in the “Calculation of Registration Fee” table in the effective registration statement; and
 
(iii)   
To include any material information with respect to the plan of distribution not previously disclosed in the registration statement or any material change to such information in the registration statement;
 
Provided, however, that:
 
(A) Paragraphs (a)(1)(i) and (a)(1)(ii) of this section do not apply if the registration statement is on Form S-8, and the information required to be included in a post-effective amendment by those paragraphs is contained in reports filed with or furnished to the Commission by the registrant pursuant to section 13 or section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 that are incorporated by reference in the registration statement; and
 
(B) Paragraphs (a)(1)(i), (a)(1)(ii), and (a)(1)(iii) of this section do not apply if the registration statement is on Form S-3 or Form F-3 and the information required to be included in a post-effective amendment by those paragraphs is contained in reports filed with or furnished to the Commission by the registrant pursuant to section 13 or section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 that are incorporated by reference in the registration statement, or is contained in a form of prospectus filed pursuant to Rule 424(b) that is part of the registration statement.
 
(2)  That, for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, each such post- effective amendment shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be initial bona fide offering thereof.
 
(3)  To remove from registration by means of a post-effective amendment any of the securities being registered which remain unsold at the termination of the offering.
 
(4)  That, for the purpose of determining liability under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, to any purchaser: 
 
(A) Each prospectus filed by the registrant pursuant to Rule 424(b)(3) shall be deemed to be part of the Registration Statement as of the date the filed prospectus was deemed part of and included in the Registration Statement; and
 
(B) Each prospectus required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424(b)(2), (b)(5), or (b)(7) as part of a Registration Statement in reliance on Rule 430B relating to an offering made pursuant to Rule 415(a)(1)(i), (vii), or (x) for the purpose of providing the information required by Section 10(a) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, shall be deemed to be part of and included in the Registration Statement as of the earlier of the date such form of prospectus is first used after effectiveness or the date of the first contract of sale of securities in the offering described in the prospectus. As provided in Rule 430B, for liability purposes of the issuer and any person that is at that date an underwriter, such date shall be deemed to be a new effective date of the Registration Statement relating to the securities in the Registration Statement to which that prospectus relates, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof. Provided, however, that no statement made in a Registration Statement or prospectus that is part of the Registration Statement or made in a document incorporated or deemed incorporated by reference into the Registration Statement or prospectus that is part of the Registration Statement will, as to the purchaser with a time of contract of sale prior to such effective date, supersede or modify any statement that was made in the Registration Statement or prospectus that was part of the Registration Statement or made in any such document immediately prior to such effective date.
 
(5)  That, for the purpose of determining liability of the registrant under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, to any purchaser in the initial distribution of the securities, the undersigned registrant undertakes that in a primary offering of securities of the undersigned registrant pursuant to this Registration Statement, regardless of the underwriting method used to sell the securities to the purchaser, if the securities are offered or sold to such purchaser by means of any of the following communications, the undersigned registrant will be a seller to the purchaser and will be considered to offer or sell such securities to such purchaser:
 
(i) 
Any preliminary prospectus or prospectus of the undersigned registrant relating to the offering required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424;
 
(ii) 
Any free writing prospectus relating to the offering prepared by or on behalf of the undersigned registrant or used or referred to by the undersigned registrant;
 
(iii) 
The portion of any other free writing prospectuses relating to the offering containing material information about the undersigned registrant or its securities provided by or on behalf of the undersigned registrant; and
 
(iv) 
Any other communication that is an offer in the offering made by the undersigned registrant to the purchaser.
 
(e)  The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes to deliver or cause to be delivered with the prospectus, to each person to whom the prospectus is sent or given, the latest annual report to security holders that is incorporated by reference in the prospectus and furnished pursuant to and meeting the requirements of Rule 14a-3 or Rule 14c-3 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and, where interim financial information required to be presented by Article 3 of Regulation S-X are not set forth in the prospectus, to deliver, or cause to be delivered to each person to whom the prospectus is sent or given, the latest quarterly report that is specifically incorporated by reference in the prospectus to provide such interim financial information.
 
(h)  Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.
 
II-6
 
 
 
 
 
 
SIGNATURES
 
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the registrant has duly caused this registration statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, on January 10, 2018 .
 
 
 
 
Q BioMed Inc.
 
 
By:
 
/s/ Denis Corin
 
 
Denis Corin
 
 
Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer), Chief Financial Officer (Principal Accounting Officer)
 
 
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this Registration Statement has been signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated. Each person in so signing also makes, constitutes and appoints Denis Corin, his or her true and lawful attorney-in-fact, with full power of substitution, in any and all capacities, to execute and cause to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, any and all amendments and post-effective amendments to this Registration Statement, with exhibits to such registration statements and amendments and other documents in connection therewith, and hereby ratifies and confirms all that said attorney-in-fact or his or her substitute or substitutes may do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.
 
 
Signature
 
Title
 
Date
 
 
 
 
 
/s/ William Rosenstadt
 
Director
 
January 10, 2018
William Rosenstadt
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
/s/ Denis Corin
 
Director
 
January 10, 2018
Denis Corin
 
 
 
 
 
 
II-7
 
 
 
 
 
COMMON STOCK PURCHASE WARRANT
 
Q BIOMED INC.
 
 
Warrant Shares: _______           Initial Exercise Date: _______, 2018
 
 
THIS COMMON STOCK PURCHASE WARRANT (the “ Warrant ”) certifies that, for value received, _____________ or its assigns (the “ Holder ”) is entitled, upon the terms and subject to the limitations on exercise and the conditions hereinafter set forth, at any time on or after ________, 2018 (the “ Initial Exercise Date ”) and on or prior to the close of business on the five (5) year anniversary of the Initial Exercise Date (the “ Termination Date ”) but not thereafter, to subscribe for and purchase from Q BioMed Inc., a Nevada corporation (the “ Company ”), up to ______ shares (as subject to adjustment hereunder, the “ Warrant Shares ”) of the Company’s common stock, par value $0.001 per share (the “ Common Stock ”).  The purchase price of one share of Common Stock under this Warrant shall be equal to the Exercise Price, as defined in Section 2(b).  
 
Section 1 . Definitions .  Capitalized terms used and not otherwise defined herein shall have the meanings set forth in that certain Securities Purchase Agreement (the “ Purchase Agreement ”), dated _______, 2018, among the Company and the purchasers signatory thereto.
 
Section 2 . Exercise .
 
a) Exercise of Warrant .  Exercise of the purchase rights represented by this Warrant may be made, in whole or in part, at any time or times on or after the Initial Exercise Date and on or before the Termination Date by delivery to the Company (or such other office or agency of the Company as it may designate by notice in writing to the registered Holder at the address of the Holder appearing on the books of the Company) of a duly executed facsimile copy (or e-mail attachment) of the Notice of Exercise in the form annexed hereto.   Within the earlier of (i) three (3) Trading Days and (ii) the number of Trading Days comprising the Standard Settlement Period (as defined in Section 2(d)(i) herein) following the date of exercise as aforesaid, the Holder shall deliver the aggregate Exercise Price for the shares specified in the applicable Notice of Exercise (the “Purchase Price”) by wire transfer or cashier’s check drawn on a United States bank unless the cashless exercise procedure specified in Section 2(c) below is specified in the applicable Notice of Exercise.  No ink-original Notice of Exercise shall be required, nor shall any medallion guarantee (or other type of guarantee or notarization) of any Notice of Exercise form be required.  Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, the Holder shall not be required to physically surrender this Warrant to the Company until the Holder has purchased all of the Warrant Shares available hereunder and the Warrant has been exercised in full, in which case, the Holder shall surrender this Warrant to the Company for cancellation within three (3) Trading Days of the date the final Notice of Exercise is delivered to the Company. Partial exercises of this Warrant resulting in purchases of a portion of the total number of Warrant Shares available hereunder shall have the effect of lowering the outstanding number of Warrant Shares purchasable hereunder in an amount equal to the applicable number of Warrant Shares purchased.  The Holder and the Company shall maintain records showing the number of Warrant Shares purchased and the date of such purchases. The Company shall deliver any objection to any Notice of Exercise within two (2) Business Days of receipt of such notice.   The Holder and any assignee, by acceptance of this Warrant, acknowledge and agree that, by reason of the provisions of this paragraph, following the purchase of a portion of the Warrant Shares hereunder, the number of Warrant Shares available for purchase hereunder at any given time may be less than the amount stated on the face hereof.
 
b) Exercise Price .  The exercise price per share of the Common Stock under this Warrant shall be $_____ , subject to adjustment hereunder (the “ Exercise Price ”).
 
c) Cashless Exercise .  If at any time after the six-month anniversary of the Closing Date, there is no effective Registration Statement registering, or no current prospectus available for, the resale of the Warrant Shares by the Holder, then this Warrant may also be exercised, in whole or in part, at such time by means of a “cashless exercise” in which the Holder shall be entitled to receive a number of Warrant Shares equal to the quotient obtained by dividing [(A-B) (X)] by (A), where:
 
(A) = as applicable: (i) the VWAP on the Trading Day immediately preceding the date of the applicable Notice of Exercise if such Notice of Exercise is (1) both executed and delivered pursuant to Section 2(a) hereof on a day that is not a Trading Day or (2) both executed and delivered pursuant to Section 2(a) hereof on a Trading Day prior to the opening of “regular trading hours” (as defined in Rule 600(b)(64) of Regulation NMS promulgated under the federal securities laws) on such Trading Day, or (ii) the VWAP on the date of the applicable Notice of Exercise if the date of such Notice of Exercise is a Trading Day and such Notice of Exercise is both executed and delivered pursuant to Section 1(a) hereof after the close of “regular trading hours” on such Trading Day;
 
(B) = the Exercise Price of this Warrant, as adjusted hereunder; and
 
(X) = the number of Warrant Shares that would be issuable upon exercise of this Warrant in accordance with the terms of this Warrant if such exercise were by means of a cash exercise rather than a cashless exercise.
 
If Warrant Shares are issued in such a cashless exercise, the parties acknowledge and agree that in accordance with Section 3(a)(9) of the Securities Act, the Warrant Shares shall take on the characteristics of the Warrants being exercised, and the holding period of the Warrant Shares being issued may be tacked on to the holding period of this Warrant provided that no provision of Section 3(a)(9) would invalidate such tacking.  The Company agrees not to take any position contrary to this Section 2(c).
 
Bid Price ” means, for any date, the price determined by the first of the following clauses that applies: (a) if the Common Stock is then listed or quoted on a Trading Market, the bid price of the Common Stock for the time in question (or the nearest preceding date) on the Trading Market on which the Common Stock is then listed or quoted as reported by Bloomberg L.P. (based on a Trading Day from 9:30 a.m. (New York City time) to 4:02 p.m. (New York City time)), (b)  if OTCQB or OTCQX is not a Trading Market, the volume weighted average price of the Common Stock for such date (or the nearest preceding date) on OTCQB or OTCQX as applicable, (c) if the Common Stock is not then listed or quoted for trading on OTCQB or OTCQX and if prices for the Common Stock are then reported in the OTC Pink Market published by OTC Markets Group, Inc. (or a similar organization or agency succeeding to its functions of reporting prices), the most recent bid price per share of the Common Stock so reported, or (d) in all other cases, the fair market value of a share of Common Stock as determined by an independent appraiser selected in good faith by the Holders of a majority in interest of the Warrants then outstanding and reasonably acceptable to the Company.
 
Trading Day ” means a day in which the principal Trading Market for the Common Stock is open.
 
VWAP ” means, for any date, the price determined by the first of the following clauses that applies: (a) if the Common Stock is then listed or quoted on a Trading Market, the daily volume weighted average price of the Common Stock for such date (or the nearest preceding date) on the Trading Market on which the Common Stock is then listed or quoted as reported by Bloomberg L.P. (based on a Trading Day from 9:30 a.m. (New York City time) to 4:02 p.m. (New York City time)), (b) if the Common Stock is not then listed or quoted for trading on a Trading Market and if prices for the Common Stock are then reported on the OTC Pink Market published by OTC Markets Group, Inc. (or a similar organization or agency succeeding to its functions of reporting prices), the most recent bid price per share of the Common Stock so reported, or (c) in all other cases, the fair market value of a share of Common Stock as determined by an independent appraiser selected in good faith by the Holders of a majority in interest of the Warrants then outstanding and reasonably acceptable to the Company, the fees and expenses of which shall be paid by the Company.
 
 
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d) Mechanics of Exercise .
 
i. Delivery of Warrant Shares Upon Exercise .  The Company shall cause the Warrant Shares purchased hereunder to be transmitted by the Transfer Agent to the Holder by crediting the account of the Holder’s or its designee’s balance account with The Depository Trust Company through its Deposit or Withdrawal at Custodian system (“ DWAC ”) if the Company is then a participant in such system and either (A) there is an effective registration statement permitting the issuance of the Warrant Shares to or resale of the Warrant Shares by Holder or (B) this Warrant is being exercised via cashless exercise and there is an available exemption from registration under the 1933 Act for the resale of the Warrant Shares, and otherwise by physical delivery of a certificate, registered in the Company’s share register in the name of the Holder or its designee, for the number of Warrant Shares to which the Holder is entitled pursuant to such exercise to the address specified by the Holder in the Notice of Exercise by the date that is the earlier of (i) three (3) Trading Days after the delivery to the Company of the Notice of Exercise and the Purchase Price, if such exercise is not “cashless” and (ii) the number of Trading Days comprising the Standard Settlement Period after the delivery to the Company of the Notice of Exercise and the Purchase Price, if such exercise is not cashless (such date, the “ Warrant Share Delivery Date ”).   Upon delivery of the Notice of Exercise and the Purchase Price, the Holder shall be deemed for all corporate purposes to have become the holder of record of the Warrant Shares with respect to which this Warrant has been exercised, irrespective of the date of delivery of the Warrant Shares. If the Company fails for any reason to deliver to the Holder the Warrant Shares subject to a Notice of Exercise by the Warrant Share Delivery Date, the Company shall pay to the Holder, in cash, as liquidated damages and not as a penalty, for each $1,000 of Warrant Shares subject to such exercise (based on the Purchase Price), $5 per Trading Day (increasing to $10 per Trading Day on the fifth Trading Day after such liquidated damages begin to accrue) for each Trading Day after such Warrant Share Delivery Date until such Warrant Shares are delivered or Holder rescinds such exercise. The Company agrees to maintain a transfer agent that is a participant in the FAST program so long as this Warrant remains outstanding and exercisable.  As used herein, “ Standard Settlement Period ” means the standard settlement period, expressed in a number of Trading Days, on the Company’s primary Trading Market with respect to the Common Stock as in effect on the date of delivery of the Notice of Exercise.
 
ii. Delivery of New Warrants Upon Exercise .  If this Warrant shall have been exercised in part, the Company shall, at the request of a Holder and upon surrender of this Warrant certificate, at the time of delivery of the Warrant Shares, deliver to the Holder a new Warrant evidencing the rights of the Holder to purchase the unpurchased Warrant Shares called for by this Warrant, which new Warrant shall in all other respects be identical with this Warrant.
 
iii. Rescission Rights .  If the Company fails to cause the Transfer Agent to transmit to the Holder the Warrant Shares pursuant to Section 2(d)(i) by the Warrant Share Delivery Date, then the Holder will have the right to rescind such exercise.
 
iv. Compensation for Buy-In on Failure to Timely Deliver Warrant Shares Upon Exercise .  In addition to any other rights available to the Holder, if the Company fails to cause the Transfer Agent to transmit to the Holder the Warrant Shares in accordance with the provisions of Section 2(d)(i) above pursuant to an exercise on or before the Warrant Share Delivery Date (other than any such failure that is solely due to any action or inaction by the Holder with respect to such exercise), and if after such date the Holder is required by its broker to purchase (in an open market transaction or otherwise) or the Holder’s brokerage firm otherwise purchases, shares of Common Stock to deliver in satisfaction of a sale by the Holder of the Warrant Shares which the Holder anticipated receiving upon such exercise (a “ Buy-In ”), then the Company shall (A) pay in cash to the Holder the amount, if any, by which (x) the Holder’s total purchase price (including brokerage commissions, if any) for the shares of Common Stock so purchased exceeds (y) the amount obtained by multiplying (1) the number of Warrant Shares that the Company was required to deliver to the Holder in connection with the exercise at issue times (2) the price at which the sell order giving rise to such purchase obligation was executed, and (B) at the option of the Holder, either reinstate the portion of the Warrant and equivalent number of Warrant Shares for which such exercise was not honored (in which case such exercise shall be deemed rescinded) or deliver to the Holder the number of shares of Common Stock that would have been issued had the Company timely complied with its exercise and delivery obligations hereunder.  For example, if the Holder purchases Common Stock having a total purchase price of $11,000 to cover a Buy-In with respect to an attempted exercise of shares of Common Stock with an aggregate sale price giving rise to such purchase obligation of $10,000, under clause (A) of the immediately preceding sentence the Company shall be required to pay the Holder $1,000. The Holder shall provide the Company written notice indicating the amounts payable to the Holder in respect of the Buy-In and, upon request of the Company, evidence of the amount of such loss.  Nothing herein shall limit a Holder’s right to pursue any other remedies available to it hereunder, at law or in equity including, without limitation, a decree of specific performance and/or injunctive relief with respect to the Company’s failure to timely deliver shares of Common Stock upon exercise of the Warrant as required pursuant to the terms hereof.
 
v. No Fractional Shares or Scrip .  No fractional shares or scrip representing fractional shares shall be issued upon the exercise of this Warrant.  As to any fraction of a share which the Holder would otherwise be entitled to purchase upon such exercise, the Company shall, at its election, either pay a cash adjustment in respect of such final fraction in an amount equal to such fraction multiplied by the Exercise Price or round up to the next whole share.
 
vi. Charges, Taxes and Expenses .  Issuance of Warrant Shares shall be made without charge to the Holder for any issue or transfer tax or other incidental expense in respect of the issuance of such Warrant Shares, all of which taxes and expenses shall be paid by the Company, and such Warrant Shares shall be issued in the name of the Holder or in such name or names as may be directed by the Holder; provided , however , that in the event that Warrant Shares are to be issued in a name other than the name of the Holder, this Warrant when surrendered for exercise shall be accompanied by the Assignment Form attached hereto duly executed by the Holder and the Company may require, as a condition thereto, the payment of a sum sufficient to reimburse it for any transfer tax incidental thereto.  The Company shall pay all Transfer Agent fees required for same-day processing of any Notice of Exercise and all fees to the Depository Trust Company (or another established clearing corporation performing similar functions) required for same-day electronic delivery of the Warrant Shares.
 
vii. Closing of Books .  The Company will not close its stockholder books or records in any manner which prevents the timely exercise of this Warrant, pursuant to the terms hereof.
 
e) Holder’s Exercise Limitations .  The Company shall not effect any exercise of this Warrant, and a Holder shall not have the right to exercise any portion of this Warrant, pursuant to Section 2 or otherwise, to the extent that after giving effect to such issuance after exercise as set forth on the applicable Notice of Exercise, the Holder (together with the Holder’s Affiliates, and any other Persons acting as a group together with the Holder or any of the Holder’s Affiliates (such Persons, “ Attribution Parties ”)), would beneficially own in excess of the Beneficial Ownership Limitation (as defined below).  For purposes of the foregoing sentence, the number of shares of Common Stock beneficially owned by the Holder and its Affiliates and Attribution Parties shall include the number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of this Warrant with respect to which such determination is being made, but shall exclude the number of shares of Common Stock which would be issuable upon (i) exercise of the remaining, nonexercised portion of this Warrant beneficially owned by the Holder or any of its Affiliates or Attribution Parties and (ii) exercise or conversion of the unexercised or nonconverted portion of any other securities of the Company (including, without limitation, any other  Common Stock Equivalents) subject to a limitation on conversion or exercise analogous to the limitation contained herein beneficially owned by the Holder or any of its Affiliates or Attribution Parties.  Except as set forth in the preceding sentence, for purposes of this Section 2(e), beneficial ownership shall be calculated in accordance with Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder, it being acknowledged by the Holder that the Company is not representing to the Holder that such calculation is in compliance with Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act and the Holder is solely responsible for any schedules required to be filed in accordance therewith.   To the extent that the limitation contained in this Section 2(e) applies, the determination of whether this Warrant is exercisable (in relation to other securities owned by the Holder together with any Affiliates and Attribution Parties) and of which portion of this Warrant is exercisable shall be in the sole discretion of the Holder, and the submission of a Notice of Exercise shall be deemed to be the Holder’s determination of whether this Warrant is exercisable (in relation to other securities owned by the Holder together with any Affiliates and Attribution Parties) and of which portion of this Warrant is exercisable, in each case subject to the Beneficial Ownership Limitation, and the Company shall have no obligation to verify or confirm the accuracy of such determination.   In addition, a determination as to any group status as contemplated above shall be determined in accordance with Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.  For purposes of this Section 2(e), in determining the number of outstanding shares of Common Stock, a Holder may rely on the number of outstanding shares of Common Stock as reflected in (A) the Company’s most recent periodic or annual report filed with the Commission, as the case may be, (B) a more recent public announcement by the Company or (C) a more recent written notice by the Company or the Transfer Agent setting forth the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding.  Upon the written or oral request of a Holder, the Company shall within two Trading Days confirm orally and in writing to the Holder the number of shares of Common Stock then outstanding.  In any case, the number of outstanding shares of Common Stock shall be determined after giving effect to the conversion or exercise of securities of the Company, including this Warrant, by the Holder or its Affiliates or Attribution Parties since the date as of which such number of outstanding shares of Common Stock was reported.  The “ Beneficial Ownership Limitation ” shall be 4.99% of the number of shares of the Common Stock outstanding immediately after giving effect to the issuance of shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of this Warrant.  The Holder, upon notice to the Company, may increase or decrease the Beneficial Ownership Limitation provisions of this Section 2(e), provided that the Beneficial Ownership Limitation in no event exceeds 9.99% of the number of shares of the Common Stock outstanding immediately after giving effect to the issuance of shares of Common Stock upon exercise of this Warrant held by the Holder and the provisions of this Section 2(e) shall continue to apply.  Any increase in the Beneficial Ownership Limitation will not be effective until the 61 st day after such notice is delivered to the Company.  The provisions of this paragraph shall be construed and implemented in a manner otherwise than in strict conformity with the terms of this Section 2(e) to correct this paragraph (or any portion hereof) which may be defective or inconsistent with the intended Beneficial Ownership Limitation herein contained or to make changes or supplements necessary or desirable to properly give effect to such limitation. The limitations contained in this paragraph shall apply to a successor holder of this Warrant.
 
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Section 3 . Certain Adjustments .
 
a) Stock Dividends and Splits . If the Company, at any time while this Warrant is outstanding: (i) pays a stock dividend or otherwise makes a distribution or distributions on shares of its Common Stock or any other equity or equity equivalent securities payable in shares of Common Stock (which, for avoidance of doubt, shall not include any shares of Common Stock issued by the Company upon exercise of this Warrant), (ii) subdivides outstanding shares of Common Stock into a larger number of shares, (iii) combines (including by way of reverse stock split) outstanding shares of Common Stock into a smaller number of shares or (iv) issues by reclassification of shares of the Common Stock any shares of capital stock of the Company, then in each case the Exercise Price shall be multiplied by a fraction of which the numerator shall be the number of shares of Common Stock (excluding treasury shares, if any) outstanding immediately before such event and of which the denominator shall be the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately after such event, and the number of shares issuable upon exercise of this Warrant shall be proportionately adjusted such that the aggregate Exercise Price of this Warrant shall remain unchanged.  Any adjustment made pursuant to this Section 3(a) shall become effective immediately after the record date for the determination of stockholders entitled to receive such dividend or distribution and shall become effective immediately after the effective date in the case of a subdivision, combination or reclassification.
 
b) Subsequent Rights Offerings .   In addition to any adjustments pursuant to Section 3(a) above, if at any time the Company grants, issues or sells any Common Stock Equivalents or rights to purchase stock, warrants, securities or other property pro rata to all (or substantially all) of the record holders of any class of shares of Common Stock (the “ Purchase Rights ”), then the Holder will be entitled to acquire, upon the terms applicable to such Purchase Rights, the aggregate Purchase Rights which the Holder could have acquired if the Holder had held the number of shares of Common Stock acquirable upon complete exercise of this Warrant (without regard to any limitations on exercise hereof, including without limitation, the Beneficial Ownership Limitation) immediately before the date on which a record is taken for the grant, issuance or sale of such Purchase Rights, or, if no such record is taken, the date as of which the record holders of shares of Common Stock are to be determined for the grant, issue or sale of such Purchase Rights (provided, however, to the extent that the Holder’s right to participate in any such Purchase Right would result in the Holder exceeding the Beneficial Ownership Limitation, then the Holder shall not be entitled to participate in such Purchase Right to such extent (or beneficial ownership of such shares of Common Stock as a result of such Purchase Right to such extent) and such Purchase Right to such extent shall be held in abeyance for the Holder until such time, if ever, as its right thereto would not result in the Holder exceeding the Beneficial Ownership Limitation).
 
c) Fundamental Transaction . If, at any time while this Warrant is outstanding (i) the Company effects any merger or consolidation of the Company with or into another Person, in which the Company is not the survivor or the stockholders of the Company immediately prior to such merger or consolidation do not own, directly or indirectly, at least 50% of the voting securities of the surviving entity, (ii) the Company effects any sale of all or substantially all of its assets or a majority of its Common Stock is acquired by a third party, in each case, in one or a series of related transactions, (iii) any tender offer or exchange offer (whether by the Company or another Person) is completed pursuant to which all or substantially all of the holders of Common Stock are permitted to tender or exchange their shares for other securities, cash or property, (iv) the Company effects any reclassification of the Common Stock or any compulsory share exchange pursuant to which the Common Stock is effectively converted into or exchanged for other securities, cash or property (other than as a result of a subdivision or combination of shares of Common Stock covered by Section 3(a) above) (in any such case, a “Fundamental Transaction”) or (v) the Company, directly or indirectly, in one or more related transactions consummates a stock or share purchase agreement or other business combination (including, without limitation, a reorganization, recapitalization, spin-off or scheme of arrangement) with another Person or group of Persons whereby such other Person or group acquires more than 50% of the outstanding shares of Common Stock (not including any shares of Common Stock held by the other Person or other Persons making or party to, or associated or affiliated with the other Persons making or party to, such stock or share purchase agreement or other business combination) (each a “Fundamental Transaction”), then the Holder shall have the right thereafter to receive, upon exercise of this Warrant, the same amount and kind of securities, cash or property as is equal to the Black Scholes Value of the remaining unexercised portion of this Warrant on the date of such Fundamental Transaction (the “ Alternate Consideration ”). The Company shall not effect any such Fundamental Transaction unless prior to or simultaneously with the consummation thereof, any successor to the Company, surviving entity or the corporation purchasing or otherwise acquiring such assets or other appropriate corporation or Person shall assume the obligation to deliver to the Holder, such Alternate Consideration as, in accordance with the foregoing provisions, the Holder may be entitled to receive, and the other obligations under this Warrant. The provisions of this paragraph (c) shall similarly apply to subsequent transactions analogous of a Fundamental Transaction type. For purposes hereof, “Black Scholes Value ” means the value of the Warrant based on the Black Scholes Option Pricing Model obtained from the “OV” function on Bloomberg determined as of the day immediately following the public announcement of the applicable Fundamental Transaction and reflecting (i) a risk-free interest rate corresponding to the U.S. Treasury rate for a period equal to the remaining term of this Warrant as of such date of request and (ii) an expected volatility equal to the volatility percentage obtained from the HVT function on Bloomberg for a daily period equal to the remaining term of this Warrant as of such date of request determined as of the Trading Day immediately prior to the announcement of the Fundamental Transaction.
 
e) Calculations . All calculations under this Section 3 shall be made to the nearest cent or the nearest 1/100th of a share, as the case may be. For purposes of this Section 3, the number of shares of Common Stock deemed to be issued and outstanding as of a given date shall be the sum of the number of shares of Common Stock (excluding treasury shares, if any) issued and outstanding.
 
f) Notice to Holder .  
 
i. Adjustment to Exercise Price . Whenever the Exercise Price is adjusted pursuant to any provision of this Section 3, the Company shall promptly deliver to the Holder by facsimile or email a notice setting forth the Exercise Price after such adjustment and any resulting adjustment to the number of Warrant Shares and setting forth a brief statement of the facts requiring such adjustment.
 
ii. Notice to Allow Exercise by Holder . If (A) the Company shall declare a dividend (or any other distribution in whatever form) on the Common Stock, (B) the Company shall declare a special nonrecurring cash dividend on or a redemption of the Common Stock, (C) the Company shall authorize the granting to all holders of the Common Stock rights or warrants to subscribe for or purchase any shares of capital stock of any class or of any rights, (D) the approval of any stockholders of the Company shall be required in connection with any reclassification of the Common Stock, any consolidation or merger to which the Company is a party, any sale or transfer of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company, or any compulsory share exchange whereby the Common Stock is converted into other securities, cash or property, or (E) the Company shall authorize the voluntary or involuntary dissolution, liquidation or winding up of the affairs of the Company, then, in each case, the Company shall cause to be delivered by facsimile or email to the Holder at its last facsimile number or email address as it shall appear upon the Warrant Register of the Company, at least 10 calendar days prior to the applicable record or effective date hereinafter specified, a notice stating (x) the date on which a record is to be taken for the purpose of such dividend, distribution, redemption, rights or warrants, or if a record is not to be taken, the date as of which the holders of the Common Stock of record to be entitled to such dividend, distributions, redemption, rights or warrants are to be determined or (y) the date on which such reclassification, consolidation, merger, sale, transfer or share exchange is expected to become effective or close, and the date as of which it is expected that holders of the Common Stock of record shall be entitled to exchange their shares of the Common Stock for securities, cash or other property deliverable upon such reclassification, consolidation, merger, sale, transfer or share exchange; provided that the failure to deliver such notice or any defect therein or in the delivery thereof shall not affect the validity of the corporate action required to be specified in such notice.  To the extent that any notice provided in this Warrant constitutes, or contains, material, non-public information regarding the Company or any of the Subsidiaries, the Company shall simultaneously file such notice with the Commission pursuant to a Current Report on Form 8-K.  The Holder shall remain entitled to exercise this Warrant during the period commencing on the date of such notice to the effective date of the event triggering such notice except as may otherwise be expressly set forth herein.
 
 
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Section 4 . Transfer of Warrant .
 
a) Transferability .  This Warrant and all rights hereunder (including, without limitation, any registration rights) are transferable, in whole or in part, upon surrender of this Warrant at the principal office of the Company or its designated agent, together with a written assignment of this Warrant substantially in the form attached hereto duly executed by the Holder or its agent or attorney and funds sufficient to pay any transfer taxes payable upon the making of such transfer.  Upon such surrender and, if required, such payment, the Company shall execute and deliver a new Warrant or Warrants in the name of the assignee or assignees, as applicable, and in the denomination or denominations specified in such instrument of assignment, and shall issue to the assignor a new Warrant evidencing the portion of this Warrant not so assigned, and this Warrant shall promptly be cancelled.  Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, the Holder shall not be required to physically surrender this Warrant to the Company unless the Holder has assigned this Warrant in full, in which case, the Holder shall surrender this Warrant to the Company within three (3) Trading Days of the date the Holder delivers an assignment form to the Company assigning this Warrant full.    The Warrant, if properly assigned in accordance herewith, may be exercised by a new holder for the purchase of Warrant Shares without having a new Warrant issued.  
 
b) New Warrants . This Warrant may be divided or combined with other Warrants upon presentation hereof at the aforesaid office of the Company, together with a written notice specifying the names and denominations in which new Warrants are to be issued, signed by the Holder or its agent or attorney.  Subject to compliance with Section 4(a), as to any transfer which may be involved in such division or combination, the Company shall execute and deliver a new Warrant or Warrants in exchange for the Warrant or Warrants to be divided or combined in accordance with such notice. All Warrants issued on transfers or exchanges shall be dated the original issuance date and shall be identical with this Warrant except as to the number of Warrant Shares issuable pursuant thereto.
 
c) Warrant Register . The Company shall register this Warrant, upon records to be maintained by the Company for that purpose (the “ Warrant Register ”), in the name of the record Holder hereof from time to time.  The Company may deem and treat the registered Holder of this Warrant as the absolute owner hereof for the purpose of any exercise hereof or any distribution to the Holder, and for all other purposes, absent actual notice to the contrary.
 
d) Transfer Restrictions . If, at the time of the surrender of this Warrant in connection with any transfer of this Warrant, the transfer of this Warrant shall not be either (i) registered pursuant to an effective registration statement under the Securities Act and under applicable state securities or blue sky laws or (ii) eligible for resale pursuant to Rule 144, the Company may require, as a condition of allowing such transfer, that the Holder or transferee of this Warrant, as the case may be, comply with the provisions of Section 9(g) of the Purchase Agreement.
 
e) Representation by the Holder .  The Holder, by the acceptance hereof, represents and warrants that it is acquiring this Warrant and, upon any exercise hereof, will acquire the Warrant Shares issuable upon such exercise, for its own account and not with a view to or for distributing or reselling such Warrant Shares or any part thereof in violation of the Securities Act or any applicable state securities law, except pursuant to sales registered or exempted under the Securities Act.
 
Section 5 . Miscellaneous .
 
a) No Rights as Stockholder Until Exercise .  This Warrant does not entitle the Holder to any voting rights, dividends or other rights as a stockholder of the Company prior to the exercise hereof as set forth in Section 2(d)(i), except as expressly set forth in Section 3.  
 
b) Loss, Theft, Destruction or Mutilation of Warrant . The Company covenants that upon receipt by the Company of evidence reasonably satisfactory to it of the loss, theft, destruction or mutilation of this Warrant or any stock certificate relating to the Warrant Shares, and in case of loss, theft or destruction, of indemnity or security reasonably satisfactory to it (which, in the case of the Warrant, shall not include the posting of any bond), and upon surrender and cancellation of such Warrant or stock certificate, if mutilated, the Company will make and deliver a new Warrant or stock certificate of like tenor and dated as of such cancellation, in lieu of such Warrant or stock certificate.
 
c) Saturdays, Sundays, Holidays, etc .  If the last or appointed day for the taking of any action or the expiration of any right required or granted herein shall not be a Business Day, then, such action may be taken or such right may be exercised on the next succeeding Business Day.
 
d) Authorized Shares .  
 
The Company covenants that, during the period the Warrant is outstanding, it will reserve from its authorized and unissued Common Stock a sufficient number of shares to provide for the issuance of the Warrant Shares upon the exercise of any purchase rights under this Warrant.  The Company further covenants that its issuance of this Warrant shall constitute full authority to its officers who are charged with the duty of executing stock certificates to execute and issue the necessary Warrant Shares upon the exercise of the purchase rights under this Warrant.  The Company will take all such reasonable action as may be necessary to assure that such Warrant Shares may be issued as provided herein without violation of any applicable law or regulation, or of any requirements of the Trading Market upon which the Common Stock may be listed.  The Company covenants that all Warrant Shares which may be issued upon the exercise of the purchase rights represented by this Warrant will, upon exercise of the purchase rights represented by this Warrant and payment for such Warrant Shares in accordance herewith, be duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable and free from all taxes, liens and charges created by the Company in respect of the issue thereof (other than taxes in respect of any transfer occurring contemporaneously with such issue).  
 
Except and to the extent as waived or consented to by the Holder, the Company shall not by any action, including, without limitation, amending its certificate of incorporation or through any reorganization, transfer of assets, consolidation, merger, dissolution, issue or sale of securities or any other voluntary action, avoid or seek to avoid the observance or performance of any of the terms of this Warrant, but will at all times in good faith assist in the carrying out of all such terms and in the taking of all such actions as may be necessary or appropriate to protect the rights of Holder as set forth in this Warrant against impairment.  Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Company will (i) not increase the par value of any Warrant Shares above the amount payable therefor upon such exercise immediately prior to such increase in par value, (ii) take all such action as may be necessary or appropriate in order that the Company may validly and legally issue fully paid and nonassessable Warrant Shares upon the exercise of this Warrant and (iii) use commercially reasonable efforts to obtain all such authorizations, exemptions or consents from any public regulatory body having jurisdiction thereof, as may be, necessary to enable the Company to perform its obligations under this Warrant.
 
Before taking any action which would result in an adjustment in the number of Warrant Shares for which this Warrant is exercisable or in the Exercise Price, the Company shall obtain all such authorizations or exemptions thereof, or consents thereto, as may be necessary from any public regulatory body or bodies having jurisdiction thereof.
 
e) Jurisdiction . All questions concerning the construction, validity, enforcement and interpretation of this Warrant shall be determined in accordance with the provisions of the Purchase Agreement, including, without limitation, that all questions concerning the construction, validity, enforcement and interpretation of this Warrant shall be governed by and construed and enforced in accordance with the internal laws of the State of New York, without regard to the principles of conflicts of law thereof.
 
f) Restrictions .  The Holder acknowledges that the Warrant Shares acquired upon the exercise of this Warrant, if not registered and an exemption from registration under the 1933 Act is not available, will have restrictions upon resale imposed by state and federal securities laws.
 
g) Nonwaiver and Expenses .  No course of dealing or any delay or failure to exercise any right hereunder on the part of Holder shall operate as a waiver of such right or otherwise prejudice the Holder’s rights, powers or remedies.  Without limiting any other provision of this Warrant or the Purchase Agreement, if the Company willfully and knowingly fails to comply with any provision of this Warrant, which results in any material damages to the Holder, the Company shall pay to the Holder such amounts as shall be sufficient to cover any costs and expenses including, but not limited to, reasonable attorneys’ fees, including those of appellate proceedings, incurred by the Holder in collecting any amounts due pursuant hereto or in otherwise enforcing any of its rights, powers or remedies hereunder.
 
 
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h) Notices .  Any notice, request or other document required or permitted to be given or delivered to the Holder by the Company shall be delivered in accordance with the notice provisions of the Purchase Agreement.
 
i) Limitation of Liability .  No provision hereof, in the absence of any affirmative action by the Holder to exercise this Warrant to purchase Warrant Shares, and no enumeration herein of the rights or privileges of the Holder, shall give rise to any liability of the Holder for the purchase price of any Common Stock or as a stockholder of the Company, whether such liability is asserted by the Company or by creditors of the Company.
 
j) Remedies .  The Holder, in addition to being entitled to exercise all rights granted by law, including recovery of damages, will be entitled to specific performance of its rights under this Warrant.  The Company agrees that monetary damages would not be adequate compensation for any loss incurred by reason of a breach by it of the provisions of this Warrant and hereby agrees to waive and not to assert the defense in any action for specific performance that a remedy at law would be adequate.
 
k) Successors and Assigns .  Subject to applicable securities laws, this Warrant and the rights and obligations evidenced hereby shall inure to the benefit of and be binding upon the successors and permitted assigns of the Company and the successors and permitted assigns of Holder.  The provisions of this Warrant are intended to be for the benefit of any Holder from time to time of this Warrant and shall be enforceable by the Holder or holder of Warrant Shares.
 
l) Amendment .  This Warrant may be modified or amended or the provisions hereof waived with the written consent of the Company and the Holder .
 
m) Severability .  Wherever possible, each provision of this Warrant shall be interpreted in such manner as to be effective and valid under applicable law, but if any provision of this Warrant shall be prohibited by or invalid under applicable law, such provision shall be ineffective to the extent of such prohibition or invalidity, without invalidating the remainder of such provisions or the remaining provisions of this Warrant.
 
n) Headings .  The headings used in this Warrant are for the convenience of reference only and shall not, for any purpose, be deemed a part of this Warrant.
 
 
********************
 
 
(Signature Page Follows)
 
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company has caused this Warrant to be executed by its officer thereunto duly authorized as of the date first above indicated.
 
 
   
 
 Q BIOMED INC.
 
 
By:__________________________________________
     Name:
     Title:
 
 
  6
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTICE OF EXERCISE
 
TO:Q BIOMED INC.
 
(1)The undersigned hereby elects to purchase ________ Warrant Shares of the Company pursuant to the terms of the attached Warrant (only if exercised in full), and tenders herewith payment of the exercise price in full, together with all applicable transfer taxes, if any.
 
(2)Payment shall take the form of (check applicable box):
 
[  ] in lawful money of the United States; or
 
[ ] if permitted the cancellation of such number of Warrant Shares as is necessary, in accordance with the formula set forth in subsection 2(c), to exercise this Warrant with respect to the maximum number of Warrant Shares purchasable pursuant to the cashless exercise procedure set forth in subsection 2(c).
 
(3)Please issue said Warrant Shares in the name of the undersigned or in such other name as is specified below:
 
_______________________________
 
 
The Warrant Shares shall be delivered to the following DWAC Account Number:
 
_______________________________
 
_______________________________
 
_______________________________
 
 
[SIGNATURE OF HOLDER]
 
Name of Investing Entity: ________________________________________________________________________
Signature of Authorized Signatory of Investing Entity : _________________________________________________
Name of Authorized Signatory: ___________________________________________________________________
Title of Authorized Signatory: ____________________________________________________________________
Date: ________________________________________________________________________________________
 
  7
 
 
 
 
EXHIBIT B
 
ASSIGNMENT FORM
(To assign the foregoing Warrant, execute this form and supply required information.  Do not use this form to purchase shares.)
 
FOR VALUE RECEIVED, the foregoing Warrant and all rights evidenced thereby are hereby assigned to
 
 
 
Name:
 
 
(Please Print)
 
Address:
 
 
Phone Number:
Email Address:
 
(Please Print)
______________________________________
______________________________________
 
Dated: _______________ __, ______
 
 
Holder’s Signature:
 
 
Holder’s Address:
 
 
 
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EXHIBIT 5.1
 
January 10, 2018
Q BioMed Inc.
c/o Ortoli Rosenstadt LLP
501 Madison Avenue
New York, NY 10022
 
 
 
 
Re:
Registration Statement No. 333-222008; 2,250,000 shares of Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share, 2,250,000 shares of Common Stock underlying 2,250,000 warrants and 135,000 shares of common stock underlying placement agent warrants
 
Ladies and Gentlemen:
 
We have acted as counsel to Q BioMed Inc., a Nevada corporation (the “Company”), in connection with the proposed issuance of up to (i) 2,250,000 shares (the “Shares”) of common stock, $0.0001 par value per share (the “Common Stock”), (ii) 2,250,000 shares (the “Warrant Shares”) of Common Stock underlying 2,250,000 warrants (the “Warrants”) and (iii) 135,000 shares (the “Placement Agent Warrant Shares”) of Common Stock underlying 135,000 warrants (the “Placement Agent Warrants”). The Shares, the Warrant Shares and the Placement Agent Warrant Shares are included in a registration statement on Form S-1 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Act”), filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”) on December 12, 2017 (File No. 333-222008) (as amended, the “Registration Statement”). This opinion is being furnished in connection with the requirements of Item 601(b)(5) of Regulation S-K under the Act, and no opinion is expressed herein as to any matter pertaining to the contents of the Registration Statement or related Prospectus, other than as expressly stated herein with respect to the issue of the Shares, the Warrant Shares and the Placement Agent Warrant Shares.
 
As such counsel, we have examined such matters of fact and questions of law as we have considered appropriate for purposes of this letter. With your consent, we have relied upon certificates and other assurances of officers of the Company and others as to factual matters without having independently verified such factual matters. We are opining herein as to Chapter 78 of the Nevada Corporations Law, located within the Nevada Revised Statutes (“Chapter 78 of the NRS”), as amended, and as currently in effect (including the statutory provisions contained therein, any applicable provisions of the Nevada Constitution and any applicable reported judicial decisions interpreting these laws but not including any laws, statutes, ordinances, administrative decisions, rules or regulations of any political subdivision below the state level) , and we express no opinion with respect to any other laws.
 
Subject to the foregoing and the other matters set forth herein, it is our opinion that, as of the date hereof:
 
(i)
when (a) the Shares have been issued by the Company against payment therefor in the circumstances contemplated by the form of securities purchase agreement most recently filed as an exhibit to the Registration Statement and (b) the Shares shall have been duly registered on the books of the transfer agent and registrar therefor in the name or on behalf of the purchasers, the issue and sale of the Shares will have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action of the Company, and the Shares will be validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable;
 
(ii)
when (a) the Warrants have been issued by the Company against payment therefor in the circumstances contemplated by the form of securities purchase agreement most recently filed as an exhibit to the Registration Statement, (b) the Warrant Shares have been issued by the Company against payment therefor in the circumstances contemplated by the form of the Warrants most recently filed as an exhibit to the Registration Statement and (c) the Warrant Shares shall have been duly registered on the books of the transfer agent and registrar therefor in the name or on behalf of the purchasers, the issue and sale of the Warrants and the Warrant Shares will have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action of the Company, and the Warrant Shares will be validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable; and
 
(iii)
when (a) the Placement Agent Warrants have been issued by the Company in the circumstances contemplated by the form of placement agent agreement most recently filed as an exhibit to the Registration Statement, (b) the Placement Agent Warrant Shares have been issued by the Company against payment therefor in the circumstances contemplated by the the Placement Agent Warrants and (c) the Placement Agent Warrant Shares shall have been duly registered on the books of the transfer agent and registrar therefor in the name or on behalf of the purchasers, the issue and sale of the Placement Agent Warrants and the Placement Agent Warrant Shares will have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action of the Company, and the Placement Agent Warrant Shares will be validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable..
 
In rendering the foregoing opinions, we have assumed that the Company will comply with all applicable notice requirements regarding uncertificated shares provided in Chapter 78 of the NRS .
 
This opinion is for your benefit in connection with the Registration Statement and may be relied upon by you and by persons entitled to rely upon it pursuant to the applicable provisions of the Act. We consent to your filing this opinion as an exhibit to the Registration Statement and to the reference to our firm in the Prospectus under the heading “Legal Matters.” In giving such consent, we do not thereby admit that we are in the category of persons whose consent is required under Section 7 of the Act or the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder.
 
                                                                                                                /s/ Ortoli Rosenstadt LLP
                                                                                                                Ortoli Rosenstadt LLP
 
 
 
Form of
 
Q BIOMED INC.
 
[*] Share of Common Stock
and
One Warrant to Purchase [*] Share of Common Stock
 
PLACEMENT AGENT AGREEMENT
 
__________, 2018
 
Roth Capital Partners, LLC
888 San Clemente Drive
Newport Beach, CA 92660
 
Ladies and Gentlemen:
 
Subject to the terms and conditions herein (this “ Agreement ”), Q BioMed Inc., a Nevada corporation (the “ Company ”), hereby agrees to sell registered securities of the Company, consisting of up to [*] shares (the “ Shares ”) of the Company’s common stock, $0.001 par value per share (the “ Common Stock ”) and common stock purchase warrants to purchase up to an aggregate of [*] shares of Common Stock with an exercise price of $[*] per share (the “ Warrants ”, as exercised, the “ Warrant Shares ”) directly to various investors (each, an “ Investor ” and, collectively, the “ Investors ”) through Roth Capital Partners, LLC, as lead placement agent (the “ Placement Agent ”). The Warrants and the Shares are collectively referred to herein as the “ Primary Securities ” and the Primary Securities, together with the Warrant Shares, are collectively referred to herein as the “ Securities ”. The documents executed and delivered by the Company and the Investors in connection with the Offering (as defined below), including, without limitation, a securities purchase agreement (the “ Purchase Agreement ”) and the Warrants shall be collectively referred to herein as the “ Transaction Documents .” The purchase price to the Investors for each Share and accompanying Warrant is $[*]. The Placement Agent may retain other brokers or dealers to act as sub-agents or selected-dealers on its behalf in connection with the Offering.
 
The Company hereby confirms its agreement with the Placement Agent as follows:
 
Section 1.               Agreement to Act as Placement Agent .
 
(a)               On the basis of the representations, warranties and agreements of the Company herein contained, and subject to all the terms and conditions of this Agreement, the Placement Agent shall be the lead Placement Agent in connection with the offering and sale by the Company of the Securities pursuant to the Company’s registration statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-222008) (as amended or supplemented from time to time and including the exhibits thereto at any given time, the “ Registration Statement ”), with the terms of such offering (the “ Offering ”) to be subject to market conditions and negotiations between the Company, the Placement Agent and the prospective Investors. The Placement Agent will act on a reasonable best efforts basis and the Company agrees and acknowledges that there is no guarantee of the successful placement of the Securities, or any portion thereof, in the prospective Offering. Under no circumstances will the Placement Agent or any of its “Affiliates” (as defined below) be obligated to underwrite or purchase any of the Securities for its own account or otherwise provide any financing. The Placement Agent shall act solely as the Company’s agent and not as principal. The Placement Agent shall have no authority to bind the Company with respect to any prospective offer to purchase Securities and the Company shall have the sole right to accept offers to purchase Securities and may reject any such offer, in whole or in part. Subject to the terms and conditions hereof, payment of the purchase price for, and delivery of, the Securities shall be made at one or more closings (each a “ Closing ” and the date on which each Closing occurs, a “ Closing Date ”). Subject only with to Section 2 and Schedule I of the Engagement Letter entered into by the Company and the Placement Agent on or about November 14, 2017 and attached hereto as Exhibit I, as maximum compensation for services rendered, on each Closing Date, the Company shall pay to the Placement Agent the fees and expenses set forth below:
 
(i)                 A cash fee equal to eight percent (8.0%) of the gross proceeds received by the Company from the sale of the Securities at the Closing.
 
(ii)              A warrant to purchase that number of Common Stock equal to six percent (6%) of the Common Stock issued on such Closing Date (excluding shares of Common Stock issuable upon the exercise of any Warrants issued to Investors).
 
(iii)               The Company also agrees to reimburse Placement Agent’s reasonable out of pocket expenses payable immediately upon a Closing of the Offering Out of pocket expenses and legal expenses exceeding an aggregate of $50,000 shall require prior approval by the Company,
 
(b)               The term of the Placement Agent’s exclusive engagement will be until the completion of the Offering. The Placement Agent shall be entitled to collect all fees under this Agreement earned through termination. In addition to the foregoing, the Company hereby grants to the Placement Agent the exclusive right (such right, the “ Right of First Refusal ”), for the twelve (12) month period commencing on the date hereof, to provide investment banking services to the Company on an exclusive basis in all matters involving the Company’s equity securities or other instruments that may at any time be convertible into, exchangeable for, or otherwise entitle the holder thereof to receive, directly or indirectly, equity securities of the Company, for which investment banking services are sought by the Company (a “ Future Offering ”). In connection with the Right of First Refusal, investment banking services shall include, without limitation, (i) acting as lead, book-running manager for any underwritten public offering; (ii) acting as exclusive placement agent or financial advisor in connection with any private offering of securities of the Company; and (iii) acting as financial advisor in connection with any sale or other transfer by the Company, directly or indirectly, of a majority or controlling portion of its capital stock or assets to another entity, any purchase or other transfer by another entity, directly or indirectly, of a majority or controlling portion of the capital stock or assets of the Company, and any merger or consolidation of the Company with another entity. At any time during such period that the Company contemplates conducting a Future Offering, the Company shall deliver to the Placement Agent a written notice (the “ Notice ”) stating its intention to conduct the Future Offering, the material terms and conditions thereof, including the amount to be raised and the type of security to be issued and the compensation requested by the competing broker-dealer firm if any, and an offer to the Placement Agent to manage the Future Offering pursuant to this Right of First Refusal. At any time within 30 days after receipt of the Notice, the Placement Agent may, by giving written notice to the Company, elect to exercise this Right of First Refusal. The failure of the Placement Agent to exercise this Right of First Refusal within such 30 day period will be deemed a rejection of the offer solely with respect to the applicable Future Offering. Any decision by the Placement Agent to act in any such capacity shall be contained in separate agreements, which agreements would contain, among other matters, provisions for customary fees for transactions of similar size and nature, as may be mutually agreed upon, and indemnification of the Placement Agent and its Affiliates and shall be subject to general market conditions. If the Placement Agent declines to exercise the Right of First Refusal (which it may do in its sole and absolute discretion), the Company shall have the right to retain any other person or persons to provide such services on terms and conditions which are not materially more favorable to such other person or persons than the terms declined by the Placement Agent. 
 
(d)               Nothing in this Agreement shall be construed to limit the ability of the Placement Agent or its Affiliates to pursue, investigate, analyze, invest in, or engage in investment banking, financial advisory or any other business relationship with Persons (as defined below) other than the Company. As used herein (i) “Persons” means an individual or corporation, partnership, trust, incorporated or unincorporated association, joint venture, limited liability company, joint stock company, government (or an agency or subdivision thereof) or other entity of any kind and (ii) “Affiliate” means any Person that, directly or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, controls or is controlled by or is under common control with a Person as such terms are used in and construed under Rule 405 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “ Securities Act ”).
 
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Section 2.               Representations, Warranties and Covenants of the Company . The Company hereby represents, warrants and covenants to the Placement Agent as of the date hereof, and as of each Closing Date, as follows:
 
(a)               Securities Law Filings . The Company has filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “ Commission ”) the Registration Statement under the Securities Act, which was originally filed on December 12, 2017, as amended on December 22, 2017, and January [*], 2018, for the registration under the Securities Act of the Securities, and was declared effective by the Commission on January [*], 2018. Following the effectiveness of the Registration Statement and the determination of pricing among the Company and the prospective Investors introduced to the Company by Placement Agent, the Company will file with the Commission pursuant to Rules 430A and 424(b) under the Securities Act, and the rules and regulations (the “ Rules and Regulations ”) of the Commission promulgated thereunder, a final prospectus relating to the placement of the Securities, their respective pricings and the plan of distribution thereof and will advise the Placement Agent of all further information (financial and other) with respect to the Company required to be set forth therein. Such prospectus in the form in which it appears in the Registration Statement is hereinafter called the “ Preliminary Prospectus ”; and the amended or supplemented form of prospectus, in the form in which it will be filed with the Commission pursuant to Rules 430A and/or 424(b) is hereinafter called the “ Final Prospectus ”; and the Preliminary Prospectus and Final Prospectus are collectively, the “ Prospectus ”. Any reference in this Agreement to the Registration Statement, the Preliminary Prospectus or the Final Prospectus shall be deemed to refer to and include the documents incorporated by reference therein (the “ Incorporated Documents ”), if any, which were or are filed under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “ Exchange Act ”), at any given time, as the case may be; and any reference in this Agreement to the terms “amend,” “amendment” or “supplement” with respect to the Registration Statement, the Preliminary Prospectus or the Final Prospectus shall be deemed to refer to and include the filing of any document under the Exchange Act after the date of this Agreement, or the issue date of the Preliminary Prospectus or the Final Prospectus, as the case may be, deemed to be incorporated therein by reference. All references in this Agreement to financial statements and schedules and other information which is “contained,” “included,” “described,” “referenced,” “set forth” or “stated” in the Registration Statement, the Preliminary Prospectus or the Final Prospectus (and all other references of like import) shall be deemed to mean and include all such financial statements and schedules and other information which is or is deemed to be incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement, the Preliminary Prospectus or the Final Prospectus, as the case may be. The Company has not received any notice that the Commission has issued or intends to issue a stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement, the Preliminary Prospectus or the Final Prospectus or intends to commence a proceeding for any such purpose.
 
(b)               Assurances . The Registration Statement, as amended, (and any further documents to be filed with the Commission) contains all exhibits and schedules as required by the Securities Act. Each of the Registration Statement and any post-effective amendment thereto, at the time it became effective, complied in all material respects with the Securities Act and the applicable Rules and Regulations and did not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading. The Registration Statement and the Final Prospectus, each as of its respective date, comply or will comply in all material respects with the Securities Act and the applicable Rules and Regulations. Each of the Registration Statement and the Final Prospectus, as amended or supplemented, did not and will not contain as of the date thereof any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. The Incorporated Documents, when they were filed with the Commission, conformed in all material respects to the requirements of the Exchange Act and the applicable rules and regulations promulgated thereunder, and none of such documents, when they were filed with the Commission, contained any untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact necessary to make the statements therein (with respect to Incorporated Documents incorporated by reference in the Final Prospectus), in light of the circumstances under which they were made not misleading. No post-effective amendment to the Registration Statement reflecting any facts or events arising after the date thereof which represent, individually or in the aggregate, a fundamental change in the information set forth therein is required to be filed with the Commission. There are no documents required to be filed with the Commission in connection with the transaction contemplated hereby that (x) have not been filed as required pursuant to the Securities Act or (y) will not be filed within the requisite time period. There are no contracts or other documents required to be described in the Prospectus, or to be filed as exhibits or schedules to the Registration Statement, which have not been described or filed as required.
 
(c)               Offering Materials . Neither the Company nor any of its directors and officers has distributed and none of them will distribute, prior to each Closing Date, any offering material in connection with the offering and sale of the Securities other than the Preliminary Prospectus, the Final Prospectus, the Registration Statement, copies of the documents incorporated by reference therein and any other materials permitted by the Securities Act.
 
(d)               Subsidiaries . All of the direct and indirect subsidiaries of the Company (the “ Subsidiaries ”) are set forth in the Incorporated Documents. The Company owns, directly or indirectly, all of the capital stock or other equity interests of each Subsidiary free and clear of any liens, charges, security interests, encumbrances, rights of first refusal, preemptive rights or other restrictions (collectively, “ Liens ”), and all of the issued and outstanding shares of capital stock of each Subsidiary are validly issued and are fully paid, non-assessable and free of preemptive and similar rights to subscribe for or purchase securities.
 
(e)               Organization and Qualification . The Company and each of the Subsidiaries is an entity duly incorporated or otherwise organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation or organization, with the requisite power and authority to own and use its properties and assets and to carry on its business as currently conducted, and as described in the Registration Statement and Prospectus. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary is in violation nor default of any of the provisions of its respective certificate or articles of incorporation, bylaws or other organizational or charter documents. Each of the Company and the Subsidiaries is duly qualified to conduct business and is in good standing as a foreign corporation or other entity in each jurisdiction in which the nature of the business conducted or property owned by it makes such qualification necessary, except where the failure to be so qualified or in good standing, as the case may be, could not have or reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect (as defined below), and no an action, claim, suit, investigation or proceeding (including, without limitation, an informal investigation or partial proceeding, such as a deposition), whether commenced or threatened (“ Proceeding ”) has been instituted in any such jurisdiction revoking, limiting or curtailing or seeking to revoke, limit or curtail such power and authority or qualification. As used in this Agreement, “ Material Adverse Effect ” means any material adverse effect on (i) the business, properties, assets, liabilities, operations (including results thereof), condition (financial or otherwise) or prospects of the Company or any Subsidiary, individually or taken as a whole, (ii) the transactions contemplated hereby or in any of the other Transaction Documents or any other agreements or instruments to be entered into in connection herewith or therewith, or the legality, validity or enforceability of any such agreement, or (iii) the authority or ability of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to perform any of their respective obligations under this Agreement or any of the Transaction Documents. 
 
(f)                Authorization; Enforcement . The Company has the requisite corporate power and authority to enter into and to consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, the Transaction Documents, and the Prospectus and otherwise to carry out its obligations hereunder and thereunder. The execution and delivery of each of this Agreement and the Transaction Documents by the Company and the consummation by it of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby and under the Prospectus have been duly authorized by all necessary action on the part of the Company and no further action is required by the Company, the Company’s Board of Directors (the “ Board of Directors ”) or the Company’s stockholders in connection therewith other than in connection with the Required Approvals (as defined below). This Agreement has been duly executed by the Company and, when delivered in accordance with the terms hereof, will constitute the valid and binding obligation of the Company enforceable against the Company in accordance with its terms, except (i) as limited by general equitable principles and applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium and other laws of general application affecting enforcement of creditors’ rights generally, (ii) as limited by laws relating to the availability of specific performance, injunctive relief or other equitable remedies and (iii) insofar as indemnification and contribution provisions may be limited by applicable law.
 
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(g)               No Conflicts . The execution, delivery and performance by the Company of this Agreement, the Transaction Documents, and the transactions contemplated pursuant to the Prospectus, the issuance and sale of the Securities and the consummation by it of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby to which it is a party do not and will not (i) conflict with or violate any provision of the Company’s or any Subsidiary’s certificate or articles of incorporation, bylaws or other organizational or charter documents, or (ii) conflict with, or constitute a default (or an event that with notice or lapse of time or both would become a default) under, result in the creation of any Lien upon any of the properties or assets of the Company or any Subsidiary, or give to others any rights of termination, amendment, acceleration or cancellation (with or without notice, lapse of time or both) of, any agreement, credit facility, debt or other instrument (evidencing a Company or Subsidiary debt or otherwise) or other understanding to which the Company or any Subsidiary is a party or by which any property or asset of the Company or any Subsidiary is bound or affected, or (iii) subject to the Required Approvals, conflict with or result in a violation of any law, rule, regulation, order, judgment, injunction, decree or other restriction of any court or governmental authority to which the Company or a Subsidiary is subject (including federal and state securities laws and regulations), or by which any property or asset of the Company or a Subsidiary is bound or affected; except in the case of each of clauses (ii) and (iii), such as could not have or reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.
 
(h)               Filings, Consents and Approvals . The Company is not required to obtain any consent, waiver, authorization or order of, give any notice to, or make any filing or registration with, any court or other federal, state, local or other governmental authority or other Person in connection with the execution, delivery and performance by the Company of this Agreement and the transactions contemplated pursuant to the Transaction Documents and the Prospectus, other than: (i) the filing with the Commission of the Final Prospectus, (ii) if any are required, application(s) to any of the following markets or exchanges on which the Common Stock is listed or quoted for trading on the date in question: the Nasdaq Capital Market; the Nasdaq Global Market; the Nasdaq Global Select Market; the New York Stock Exchange; the NYSE MKT, any level of the OTC Markets operated by OTC Markets Group, Inc. or the OTC Bulletin Board (or any successors to any of the foregoing) (the “ Trading Market ”) for the listing or quotation of the Shares and the Warrant Shares for trading thereon in the time and manner required thereby, and (iii) such consents, approvals, authorizations, registrations or qualifications as may be required under state or foreign securities or “blue sky” laws and the rules of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. (“ FINRA ”) (collectively, the “ Required Approvals ”). All Required Approvals have been or will be obtained or effected on or prior to the Closing Date, and the Company is not aware of any facts or circumstances which might prevent the Company from obtaining and Required Approvals.
 
 (i)                 Issuance of the Securities; Registration . The Primary Securities are duly authorized and, when issued and paid for in accordance with the Prospectus, will be duly and validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable, free and clear of all Liens imposed by the Company. The Warrant Shares, when issued in accordance with the terms of the Warrants will be validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable, free and clear of all Liens imposed by the Company. The Company has reserved from its duly authorized capital stock the maximum number of shares of Common Stock issuable pursuant to the Final Prospectus, including the Shares and the Warrant Shares.
 
(j)                 Capitalization . The capitalization of the Company, including the authorized and outstanding securities, including any securities exercising or convertible into shares of Common Stock, is as set forth in the Prospectus. The Company has not issued any capital stock or other securities since its most recently filed periodic report under the Exchange Act, other than pursuant to the exercise of employee stock options under the Company’s stock option plans, the issuance of shares of Common Stock and options to purchase shares of Common Stock to employees and consultants pursuant to the Company’s employee stock purchase plans, pursuant to the conversion and/or exercise of securities of the Company or the Subsidiaries which would entitle the holder thereof to acquire at any time Common Stock, including, without limitation, any debt, preferred stock, rights, options, warrants or other instrument that is at any time convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for, or otherwise entitles the holder thereof to receive, Common Stock (“ Common Stock Equivalents ”) outstanding as of the date of the most recently filed periodic report under the Exchange Act. No Person has any right of first refusal, preemptive right, right of participation, or any similar right to participate in the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, the Transaction Documents and the Prospectus. Except as a result of the purchase and sale of the Securities, there are no outstanding options, warrants, scrip rights to subscribe to, calls or commitments of any character whatsoever relating to, or securities, rights or obligations convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for, or giving any Person any right to subscribe for or acquire, any shares of Common Stock of the capital stock of any Subsidiary, or contracts, commitments, understandings or arrangements by which the Company or any Subsidiary is or may become bound to issue additional shares of Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents or capital stock of any Subsidiary. The issuance and sale of the Securities will not obligate the Company or any Subsidiary to issue shares of Common Stock or other securities to any Person (other than the Investors) and will not result in a right of any holder of Company securities to adjust the exercise, conversion, exchange or reset price under any of such securities. There are no outstanding securities or instruments of the Company of any Subsidiary that contain any redemption or similar provisions, and there are no contracts, commitments, understandings or arrangements by which the Company or any Subsidiary is or may become bound to redeem a security of the Company or such Subsidiary. The Company does not have any stock appreciation rights of “phantom stock” plans or agreements or any similar plan or agreement. All of the outstanding shares of capital stock of the Company are duly authorized. All of the outstanding shares of capital stock of the Company are validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable, have been issued in compliance with all federal and state securities laws, and none of such outstanding shares was issued in violation of any preemptive rights or similar rights to subscribe for or purchase securities. No further approval or authorization of any stockholder, the Board of Directors or others is required for the issuance and sale of the Securities. There are no stockholders agreements, voting agreements or other similar agreements with respect to the Company’s capital stock to which the Company is a party or, to the knowledge of the Company, between or among any of the Company’s stockholders. The SEC Reports (as defined below) contain correct and complete copies of the Company’s certificate of incorporation, as amended and as in effect on the date hereof, and the Company’s bylaws, as amended and as in effect on the date hereof, and the terms of all Common Stock Equivalents, and the material rights of the holders thereof in respect thereto.
 
(k)               SEC Reports; Financial Statements . The Company has filed all reports, schedules, forms, statements and other documents required to be filed by the Company under the Securities Act and the Exchange Act, including pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) thereof, for the two years preceding the date hereof (the foregoing materials, including the exhibits thereto and documents incorporated by reference therein, together with the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, being collectively referred to herein as the “ SEC Reports ”) on a timely basis or has received a valid extension of such time of filing and has filed any such SEC Reports prior to the expiration of any such extension. The Company has delivered or has made available to the Placement Agent true, correct and complete copies of each of the SEC Reports not available on the EDGAR system. As of their respective dates, the SEC Reports complied in all material respects with the requirements of the Securities Act and the Exchange Act, as applicable, and none of the SEC Reports, when filed, contained any untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. The financial statements of the Company included in the SEC Reports (including, without limitation, any notes or any letter of the independent accountants of the Company with respect thereto) (the “ Financial Statements ”) comply in all material respects with applicable accounting requirements and the rules and regulations of the Commission with respect thereto as in effect at the time of filing. The Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles applied on a consistent basis during the periods involved (“ GAAP ”), except as may be otherwise specified in such Financial Statements and except that unaudited Financial Statements may not contain all footnotes required by GAAP, and fairly present in all material respects the financial position of the Company and its consolidated Subsidiaries as of and for the dates thereof and the results of operations and cash flows for the periods then ended, subject, in the case of unaudited statements, to normal, immaterial, year-end audit adjustments. The reserves, if any, established by the Company or the lack of reserves, if applicable, are reasonable based upon facts and circumstances known by the Company on the date hereof and there are no loss contingencies that are required to be accrued by the Statement of Financial Accounting Standard No. 5 of the Financial Accounting Standards Board which are not provided for by the Company in its Financial Statements or otherwise. The Company is not currently contemplating to amend or restate any of the Financial Statements, nor is the Company currently aware of facts or circumstances which would require the Company to amend or restate any of the Financial Statements, in each case, in order for any of the Financial Statements to be in compliance with GAAP and the rules and regulations of the Commission. The Company has not been informed by its independent accountants that they recommend that the Company amend or restate any of the Financial Statements or that there is any need for the Company to amend or restate any of the Financial Statements.
 
(l)                 Material Changes; Undisclosed Events, Liabilities or Developments . Since the date of the latest audited Financial Statements included within the SEC Reports, except as specifically disclosed in a subsequent SEC Report filed prior to the date hereof, (i) there has been no event, occurrence or development that has had or that could reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect, (ii) the Company has not incurred any liabilities (contingent or otherwise) other than (A) trade payables and accrued expenses incurred in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice and (B) liabilities not required to be reflected in the Financial Statements pursuant to GAAP or disclosed in filings made with the Commission, (iii) the Company has not altered its method of accounting, (iv) the Company has not declared or made any dividend or distribution of cash or other property to its stockholders or purchased, redeemed or made any agreements to purchase or redeem any shares of its capital stock and (v) the Company has not issued any equity securities to any officer, director or Affiliate, except pursuant to existing Company stock option plans. The Company does not have pending before the Commission any request for confidential treatment of information. Except for the issuance of the Securities contemplated by the Transaction Documents and Prospectus or disclosed in the Prospectus, no event, liability, fact, circumstance, occurrence or development has occurred or exists or is reasonably expected to occur or exist with respect to the Company or its Subsidiaries or their respective businesses, prospects, properties, operations, assets or financial condition, including any transaction, arrangement, or other relationship between the Company or any of its Subsidiaries and an unconsolidated or other off balance sheet entity that would be required to be disclosed by the Company under applicable securities laws at the time this representation is made or deemed made that has not been publicly disclosed at least 1 trading day of the Common Stock on the Trading Market prior to the date that this representation is made.
 
(m)             Litigation . There is no action, suit, inquiry, arbitration, notice of violation, proceeding or investigation pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened against or affecting the Company, any Subsidiary or any of their respective properties before or by any court, arbitrator, governmental or administrative agency or regulatory authority (federal, state, county, local or foreign) (collectively, an “ Action ”) which (i) adversely affects or challenges the legality, validity or enforceability of any of this Agreement, the Transaction Documents and the transactions contemplated pursuant to the Prospectus or the Securities or (ii) could, if there were an unfavorable decision, have or reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect. No director, officer or employee of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has willfully violated 18 U.S.C. §1519 or engaged in spoliation in reasonable anticipation of litigation. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary, nor any director or officer thereof, is or has been the subject of any Action involving a claim of violation of or liability under federal or state securities laws or a claim of breach of fiduciary duty. There has not been, and to the knowledge of the Company, there is not pending or contemplated, any investigation by the Commission or any other U.S. or foreign securities regulator involving the Company or any current or former director or officer of the Company. The Commission has not issued any stop order or other order suspending the effectiveness of any registration statement filed by the Company or any Subsidiary under the Exchange Act or the Securities Act. After reasonable inquiry of its employees, the Company is not aware of any fact which might result in or form the basis for any such Action, suit, arbitration, investigation, inquiry or other proceeding. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is subject to any order, writ, judgment, injunction, decree, determination or award of any governmental agency or regulatory authority.
 
 
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(n)               Labor Relations . No material labor dispute exists or, to the knowledge of the Company, is imminent with respect to any of the employees of the Company, which could reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect. None of the Company’s or its Subsidiaries’ employees is a member of a union that relates to such employee’s relationship with the Company or such Subsidiary, and neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is a party to a collective bargaining agreement, and the Company and its Subsidiaries believe that their relationships with their employees are good. No executive officer of the Company or any Subsidiary, to the knowledge of the Company, is, or is now expected to be, in violation of any material term of any employment contract, confidentiality, disclosure or proprietary information agreement or non-competition agreement, or any other contract or agreement or any restrictive covenant in favor of any third party, and the continued employment of each such executive officer does not subject the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to any liability with respect to any of the foregoing matters. The Company and its Subsidiaries are in compliance with all U.S. federal, state, local and foreign laws and regulations relating to employment and employment practices, terms and conditions of employment and wages and hours, except where the failure to be in compliance could not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.
 
(o)               Compliance . Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary: (i) is in default under or in violation of (and no event has occurred that has not been waived that, with notice or lapse of time or both, would result in a default by the Company or any Subsidiary under), nor has the Company or any Subsidiary received notice of a claim that it is in default under or that it is in violation of, its certificate of incorporation, bylaws or other governing documents, or any indenture, loan or credit agreement or any other agreement or instrument to which it is a party or by which it or any of its properties is bound (whether or not such default or violation has been waived), (ii) is in violation of any judgment, decree or order of any court, arbitrator or governmental authority or (iii) is or has been in violation of any statute, rule, ordinance or regulation of any governmental authority, including without limitation all foreign, federal, state and local laws relating to taxes, environmental protection, occupational health and safety, product quality and safety and employment and labor matters, except in each case (under this clause (iii)) as could not have or reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect. Except as set forth in the SEC Reports, without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Company is not in violation of any of the rules, regulations or requirements of the Trading Market and has no knowledge of any facts or circumstances that could reasonably lead to delisting, loss of quotation, or suspension of the Common Stock by the Trading Market in the foreseeable future. Except as set forth in the SEC Reports, during the two years prior to the date hereof, (i) the Common Stock has been listed or designated for quotation on the Trading Market, (ii) trading in or quotation of the Common Stock has not been suspended by the Commission or the Trading Market and (iii) the Company has received no communication, written or oral, from the Commission or the Trading Market regarding the suspension, loss of quotation, or delisting of the Common Stock from the Trading Market. There is no agreement, commitment, judgment, injunction, order or decree binding upon the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a party which has or would reasonably be expected to have the effect of prohibiting or materially impairing any business practice of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, any acquisition of property by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or the conduct of business by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries as currently conducted other than such effects, individually or in the aggregate, which have not had and would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect on the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.
 
(p)               Environmental Laws . The Company and its Subsidiaries (i) are in compliance with all federal, state, local and foreign laws relating to pollution or protection of human health or the environment (including ambient air, surface water, groundwater, land surface or subsurface strata), including laws relating to emissions, discharges, releases or threatened releases of chemicals, pollutants, contaminants, or toxic or hazardous substances or wastes (collectively, “ Hazardous Materials ”) into the environment, or otherwise relating to the manufacture, processing, distribution, use, treatment, storage, disposal, transport or handling of Hazardous Materials, as well as all authorizations, codes, decrees, demands, or demand letters, injunctions, judgments, licenses, notices or notice letters, orders, permits, plans or regulations, issued, entered, promulgated or approved thereunder (“ Environmental Laws ”); (ii) have received all permits licenses or other approvals required of them under applicable Environmental Laws to conduct their respective businesses; and (iii) are in compliance with all terms and conditions of any such permit, license or approval where in each clause (i), (ii) and (iii), the failure to so comply could be reasonably expected to have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect.
 
(q)               Regulatory Permits . The Company and the Subsidiaries possess all certificates, authorizations and permits issued by the appropriate federal, state, local or foreign regulatory authorities necessary to conduct their respective businesses as described in the SEC Reports, except where the failure to possess such permits could not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect (“ Material Permits ”), and neither the Company nor any Subsidiary has received any notice of proceedings relating to the revocation or modification of any Material Permit, or any notice of adverse finding, warning letter, or other correspondence or notice from any governmental authority alleging or asserting noncompliance with any Material Permits.
 
(r)                Title to Assets . The Company does not own any real property. Any real property and facilities held under lease by the Company and the Subsidiaries are held by them under valid, subsisting and enforceable leases with which the Company and the Subsidiaries are in compliance.
 
(s)                Patents and Trademarks . The Company and the Subsidiaries have, or have rights to use, all patents, patent applications, trademarks, trademark applications, service marks, trade names, trade secrets, inventions, copyrights, licenses and other intellectual property rights and similar rights (collectively, the “ Intellectual Property Rights ”) necessary or material to conduct their respective businesses as now conducted and presently proposed to be conducted. None of, and neither the Company nor any Subsidiary has received a notice (written or otherwise) that any of, the Intellectual Property Rights has expired, terminated or been abandoned, or is expected to expire or terminate or be abandoned, within two (2) years from the date of this Agreement, except as would not have a Material Adverse Effect. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary has received, since the date of the latest audited Financial Statements included within the SEC Reports, a notice (written or otherwise) of a claim or otherwise has any knowledge that the Intellectual Property Rights violate or infringe upon the rights of any Person, except as would not have a Material Adverse Effect. To the knowledge of the Company, all such Intellectual Property Rights are enforceable and there is no existing infringement by another Person of any of the Intellectual Property Rights. The Company and its Subsidiaries have taken reasonable security measures to protect the secrecy, confidentiality and value of all of their intellectual properties.
 
(t)                 Insurance . The Company and the Subsidiaries are insured by insurers of recognized financial responsibility against such losses and risks and in such amounts as are prudent and customary in the businesses in which the Company and the Subsidiaries are engaged, including, but not limited to, directors and officers insurance coverage. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary has any reason to believe that it will not be able to renew its existing insurance coverage as and when such coverage expires or to obtain similar coverage from similar insurers as may be necessary to continue its business without a significant increase in cost.
 
(u)               Transactions With Affiliates and Employees . Except as set forth in the SEC Reports, none of the officers or directors of the Company or any Subsidiary and, to the knowledge of the Company, none of the employees of the Company or any Subsidiary is presently a party to any transaction with the Company or any Subsidiary (other than for services as employees, officers and directors), including any contract, agreement or other arrangement providing for the furnishing of services to or by, providing for rental of real or personal property to or from, providing for the borrowing of money from or lending of money to or otherwise requiring payments to or from any officer, director or such employee or, to the knowledge of the Company, any entity in which any officer, director, or any such employee has a substantial interest or is an officer, director, trustee, stockholder, member or partner, in each case in excess of $120,000 other than for: (i) payment of salary or consulting fees for services rendered, (ii) reimbursement for expenses incurred on behalf of the Company and (iii) other employee benefits, including stock option agreements under any stock option plan of the Company.
 
(v)               D&O Questionnaires . To the Company’s knowledge, all information contained in the questionnaires (the “ Questionnaires ”) completed by each of the Company’s directors and officers immediately prior to the offering and sale of Securities, as supplemented by all information concerning the Company’s directors, officers and principal shareholders as described in the Registration Statement and Prospectus as well as in the Lock-Up Agreements (as defined below), provided to the Placement Agent, is true and correct in all material respects and the Company has not become aware of any information which would cause the information disclosed in the Questionnaires to become inaccurate or incorrect in any material respect.
 
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(w)             Sarbanes-Oxley; Internal Accounting Controls . To the extent disclosed in its SEC Reports, the Company and the Subsidiaries are in compliance with any and all applicable requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder or implementing the provisions thereof (the “ Sarbanes-Oxley Act ”), and any and all applicable rules and regulations promulgated by the Commission thereunder that are effective as of the date hereof and as of the Closing Date. The Company and the Subsidiaries maintain a system of internal accounting controls sufficient to provide reasonable assurance that: (i) transactions are executed in accordance with management’s general or specific authorizations, (ii) transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP and to maintain asset accountability, (iii) access to assets is permitted only in accordance with management’s general or specific authorization, and (iv) the recorded accountability for assets is compared with the existing assets at reasonable intervals and appropriate action is taken with respect to any differences. The Company and the Subsidiaries have established disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) for the Company and the Subsidiaries and designed such disclosure controls and procedures to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the Commission’s rules and forms. The Company’s certifying officers have evaluated the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures of the Company and the Subsidiaries as of the end of the period covered by the Company’s most recently filed periodic report under the Exchange Act (such date, the “ Evaluation Date ”). The Company presented in its most recently filed periodic report under the Exchange Act the conclusions of the certifying officers about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures based on their evaluations as of the Evaluation Date. Since the Evaluation Date, there have been no changes in the internal control over financial reporting (as such term is defined in the Exchange Act) of the Company and its Subsidiaries that have materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the internal control over financial reporting of the Company and its Subsidiaries.
 
(x)               Board of Directors . The qualifications of the persons serving as members of the Board of Directors and the overall composition of the Board of Directors comply with the Exchange Act and the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and the listing rules, if any, of the Trading Market.
 
(y)               Certain Fees . Except as set forth in the Prospectus, no brokerage or finder’s fees or commissions are or will be payable by the Company to any broker, financial advisor or consultant, finder, placement agent, investment banker, bank or other Person with respect to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, the Transaction Documents and the Prospectus. The Investors shall have no obligation with respect to any fees or with respect to any claims made by or on behalf of other Persons for fees of a type contemplated in this section that may be due in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, the Transaction Documents and the Prospectus.
 
(z)               Investment Company . The Company is not, and is not an Affiliate of, and immediately after receipt of payment for the Securities, will not be or be an Affiliate of, an “investment company” within the meaning of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended. The Company shall conduct its business in a manner so that it will not become an “investment company” subject to registration under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.
 
(aa)            Registration Rights . No Person has any right to cause the Company or any Subsidiary to effect the registration under the Securities Act of any securities of the Company or any Subsidiary.
 
(bb)           Listing and Maintenance Requirements . The Common Stock is registered pursuant to Section 12(b) or 12(g) of the Exchange Act, and the Company has taken no action designed to, or which to its knowledge is likely to have the effect of, terminating the registration of the Common Stock under the Exchange Act nor has the Company received any notification that the Commission is contemplating terminating such registration. Except as disclosed in the SEC Reports, the Company has not, in the 12 months preceding the date hereof, received notice from any Trading Market on which the Common Stock is or has been listed or quoted to the effect that the Company is not in compliance with the listing or maintenance requirements of such Trading Market. Except as disclosed in the SEC Reports, the Company is, and has no reason to believe that it will not in the foreseeable future continue to be, in compliance with all such listing and maintenance requirements. The Common Stock is currently eligible for electronic transfer through the Depository Trust Company or another established clearing corporation and the Company is current in payment of the fees to the Depository Trust Company (or such other established clearing corporation) in connection with such electronic transfer.
 
(cc)            Application of Takeover Protections . The Company and the Board of Directors have taken all necessary action, if any, in order to render inapplicable any control share acquisition, business combination, poison pill (including any distribution under a rights agreement) or other similar anti-takeover provision under the Company’s certificate of incorporation (or similar charter documents) or the laws of its state of incorporation that is or could become applicable to the Investors as a result of the Investors and the Company fulfilling their obligations or exercising their rights under this Agreement and the Transaction Documents and the transactions contemplated pursuant to the Prospectus, including without limitation as a result of the Company’s issuance of the Securities and the Investors’ ownership of the Securities.
 
(dd)           Disclosure . Except with respect to the material terms and conditions of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, the Transaction Documents and the Prospectus, the Company confirms that neither it nor any other Person acting on its behalf has provided any of the Investors or their agents or counsel with any information that it believes constitutes or might constitute material, non-public information which is not otherwise disclosed in the Registration Statement and Prospectus. The Company understands and confirms that the Investors will rely on the foregoing representation in effecting transactions in securities of the Company. All of the disclosure furnished by or on behalf of the Company to the Investors regarding the Company and, its Subsidiaries, their respective businesses and the transactions contemplated hereby and in the Transaction Documents, including the Disclosure Schedules to this Agreement, is true and correct and does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact necessary in order to make the statements made therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. The press releases disseminated by the Company during the twelve months preceding the date of this Agreement taken as a whole do not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made and when made, not misleading.
 
(ee)            No Integrated Offering . Neither the Company, nor any of its Affiliates, nor any Person acting on its or their behalf has, directly or indirectly, made any offers or sales of any security or solicited any offers to buy any security, under circumstances that would cause this Offering to be integrated with prior offerings by the Company for purposes of any applicable shareholder approval provisions of any Trading Market on which any of the securities of the Company are listed or designated.
 
(ff)              Solvency . Based on the consolidated financial condition of the Company as of each Closing Date, after giving effect to the receipt by the Company of the proceeds from the sale of the Securities hereunder, (i) the fair saleable value of the Company’s assets exceeds the amount that will be required to be paid on or in respect of the Company’s existing debts and other liabilities (including known contingent liabilities) as they mature, (ii) the Company’s assets do not constitute unreasonably small capital to carry on its business as now conducted and as proposed to be conducted including its capital needs taking into account the particular capital requirements of the business conducted by the Company, consolidated and projected capital requirements and capital availability thereof, and (iii) the current cash flow of the Company, together with the proceeds the Company would receive, were it to liquidate all of its assets, after taking into account all anticipated uses of the cash, would be sufficient to pay all amounts on or in respect of its liabilities when such amounts are required to be paid. The Company does not intend to incur debts beyond its ability to pay such debts as they mature (taking into account the timing and amounts of cash to be payable on or in respect of its debt). The Company has no knowledge of any facts or circumstances which lead it to believe that it will file for reorganization or liquidation under the bankruptcy or reorganization laws of any jurisdiction within one year from each Closing Date. The SEC Reports sets forth as of the date hereof all outstanding secured and unsecured Indebtedness of the Company or any Subsidiary, including any debt securities, notes, credit agreements, credit facilities or other agreements, documents or instruments evidencing Indebtedness of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or by which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is or may become bound or have any commitments. For purposes of this Agreement: (x) “ Indebtedness ” of any Person means, without duplication (A) all indebtedness for borrowed money, (B) all obligations issued, undertaken or assumed as the deferred purchase price of property or services (including, without limitation, “capital leases” in accordance with GAAP) (other than trade payables entered into in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice), (C) all reimbursement or payment obligations with respect to letters of credit, surety bonds and other similar instruments, (D) all obligations evidenced by notes, bonds, debentures or similar instruments, including obligations so evidenced incurred in connection with the acquisition of property, assets or businesses, (E) all indebtedness created or arising under any conditional sale or other title retention agreement, or incurred as financing, in either case with respect to any property or assets acquired with the proceeds of such indebtedness (even though the rights and remedies of the seller or bank under such agreement in the event of default are limited to repossession or sale of such property), (F) all monetary obligations under any leasing or similar arrangement which, in connection with GAAP, consistently applied for the periods covered thereby, is classified as a capital lease, (G) all indebtedness referred to in clauses (A) through (F) above secured by (or for which the holder of such Indebtedness has an existing right, contingent or otherwise, to be secured by) any Lien upon or in any property or assets (including accounts and contract rights) owned by any Person, even though the Person which owns such assets or property has not assumed or become liable for the payment of such indebtedness, and (H) all Contingent Obligations in respect of indebtedness or obligations of others of the kinds referred to in clauses (A) through (G) above; and (y) “ Contingent Obligation ” means, as to any Person, any direct or indirect liability, contingent or otherwise, of that Person with respect to any Indebtedness, lease, dividend or other obligation of another Person if the primary purpose or intent of the Person incurring such liability, or the primary effect thereof, is to provide assurance to the obligee of such liability that such liability will be paid or discharged, or that any agreements relating thereto will be complied with, or that the holders of such liability will be protected (in whole or in part) against loss with respect thereto. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary is in violation under the terms of, or in default with respect to any Indebtedness.
 
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(gg)           Tax Status . The Company and its Subsidiaries (i) has made or filed all United States federal, state and local income and all foreign income and franchise tax returns, reports and declarations required by any jurisdiction to which it is subject, (ii) has paid all taxes and other governmental assessments and charges that are material in amount, shown or determined to be due on such returns, reports and declarations and (iii) has set aside on its books provision reasonably adequate for the payment of all material taxes for periods subsequent to the periods to which such returns, reports or declarations apply. There are no unpaid taxes in any material amount claimed to be due by the taxing authority of any jurisdiction, and the officers of the Company or of any Subsidiary know of no basis for any such claim. The provisions for taxes payable, if any, shown on the Financial Statements are sufficient for all accrued and unpaid taxes, whether or not disputed, and for all periods to and including the dates of such consolidated Financial Statements. No issues have been raised (and are currently pending) by any taxing authority in connection with any of the returns or taxes asserted as due from the Company or its Subsidiaries, and no waivers of statutes of limitation with respect to the returns or collection of taxes have been given by or requested from the Company or its Subsidiaries. The Company is not operated in such a manner as to qualify as a passive foreign investment company, as defined in Section 1297 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “ Code ”). The net operating loss carryforwards (“ NOLs ”) for United States federal income tax purposes of the consolidated group of which the Company is the common parent, if any, shall not be adversely affected by the transactions contemplated hereby. The transactions contemplated hereby do not constitute an “ownership change” within the meaning of Section 382 of the Code, thereby preserving the Company’s ability to utilize such NOLs.
 
(hh)           Foreign Corrupt Practices . Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary, nor to the knowledge of the Company or any Subsidiary, any agent or other person acting on behalf of the Company or any Subsidiary, has (i) directly or indirectly, used any funds for unlawful contributions, gifts, entertainment or other unlawful expenses related to foreign or domestic political activity, (ii) made any unlawful payment to foreign or domestic government officials or employees or to any foreign or domestic political parties or campaigns from corporate funds, (iii) failed to disclose fully any contribution made by the Company or any Subsidiary (or made by any person acting on its behalf of which the Company is aware) which is in violation of law, or (iv) violated in any material respect any provision of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, as amended.
 
(ii)              Accountants . The Company’s accounting firms are set forth in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus. To the knowledge and belief of the Company, (i) such accounting firms are registered public accounting firm as required by the Exchange Act and (ii) Marcum LLP shall express its opinion with respect to the Financial Statements to be included in the Company’s Annual Report for the fiscal year ending November 30, 2017.
 
(jj)              Regulation M Compliance .  The Company has not, and to its knowledge no one acting on its behalf has, (i) taken, directly or indirectly, any action designed to cause or to result in the stabilization or manipulation of the price of any security of the Company to facilitate the sale or resale of any of the Securities, (ii) sold, bid for, purchased, or, paid any compensation for soliciting purchases of, any of the Securities, or (iii) paid or agreed to pay to any Person any compensation for soliciting another to purchase any other securities of the Company, other than, in the case of clauses (ii) and (iii), compensation paid to the Placement Agent in connection with the placement of the Securities.
 
(kk)           Transfer Taxes . On the Closing Date, all stock transfer or other taxes (other than income or similar taxes) which are required to be paid in connection with the issuance, sale and transfer of the Securities to be sold to each Investor will be, or will have been, fully paid or provided for by the Company, and all laws imposing such taxes will be or will have been complied with.
 
(ll)              Office of Foreign Assets Control . Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary, to the Company’s knowledge, any director, officer, agent, employee or Affiliate of the Company or any Subsidiary is currently subject to any U.S. sanctions administered by the Office of Foreign Assets Control of the U.S. Treasury Department.
 
(mm)                U.S. Real Property Holding Corporation . The Company is not and has never been a U.S. real property holding corporation within the meaning of Section 897 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and the Company shall so certify upon Investor’s request.
 
(nn)           Bank Holding Company Act . Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries or Affiliates is subject to the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956, as amended (the “ BHCA ”) and to regulation by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (the “ Federal Reserve ”). Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries or Affiliates owns or controls, directly or indirectly, five percent (5%) or more of the outstanding shares of any class of voting securities or twenty-five percent or more of the total equity of a bank or any entity that is subject to the BHCA and to regulation by the Federal Reserve. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries or Affiliates exercises a controlling influence over the management or policies of a bank or any entity that is subject to the BHCA and to regulation by the Federal Reserve.
 
(oo)           Illegal or Unauthorized Payments; Political Contributions . Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries nor, to the best of the Company’s knowledge (after reasonable inquiry of its officers and directors), any of the officers, directors, employees, agents or other representatives of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or any other business entity or enterprise with which the Company or any Subsidiary is or has been affiliated or associated, has, directly or indirectly, made or authorized any payment, contribution or gift of money, property, or services, whether or not in contravention of applicable law, (i) as a kickback or bribe to any Person or (ii) to any political organization, or the holder of or any aspirant to any elective or appointive public office except for personal political contributions not involving the direct or indirect use of funds of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.
 
(pp)           Money Laundering . The operations of the Company and its Subsidiaries are and have been conducted at all times in compliance with applicable financial record-keeping and reporting requirements of the USA Patriot Act of 2001, the Currency and Foreign Transactions Reporting Act of 1970, as amended, and all other applicable U.S. and non-U.S. anti-money laundering laws and regulations, including, without limitation, the laws, regulations and Executive Orders and sanctions programs administered by the U.S. Office of Foreign Assets Control, including, but not limited, to (i) Executive Order 13224 of September 23, 2001 entitled, “Blocking Property and Prohibiting Transactions With Persons Who Commit, Threaten to Commit, or Support Terrorism” (66 Fed. Reg. 49079 (2001)); and (ii) any regulations contained in 31 CFR, Subtitle B, Chapter V (collectively, the “ Money Laundering Laws ”), and no action, suit or proceeding by or before any court or governmental agency, authority or body or any arbitrator involving the Company with respect to the Money Laundering Laws is pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened.
 
(qq)           Stock Option Plans . Each stock option granted by the Company was granted (i) in accordance with the terms of the applicable stock option plan of the Company and (ii) with an exercise price at least equal to the fair market value of the Common Stock on the date such stock option would be considered granted under GAAP and applicable law. No stock option granted under the Company’s stock option plan has been backdated. The Company has not knowingly granted, and there is no and has been no policy or practice of the Company to knowingly grant, stock options prior to, or otherwise knowingly coordinate the grant of stock options with, the release or other public announcement of material information regarding the Company or its Subsidiaries or their financial results or prospects.
 
(rr)                No Disagreements with Accountants and Lawyers . There are no material disagreements of any kind presently existing, or reasonably anticipated by the Company to arise, between the Company and the accountants and lawyers formerly or presently employed by the Company and the Company is current with respect to any fees owed to its accountants and lawyers which could affect the Company’s ability to perform any of its obligations under any of the Transaction Documents. In addition, on or prior to the date hereof, the Company had discussions with its accountants about its Financial Statements previously filed with the Commission. Based on those discussions, the Company has no reason to believe that it will need to restate any such Financial Statements or any part thereof.
 
(ss)                Certificates . Any certificate signed by an officer of the Company and delivered to the Placement Agent or to counsel for the Placement Agent shall be deemed to be a representation and warranty by the Company to the Placement Agent as to the matters set forth therein.
 
(tt)                Reliance . The Company acknowledges that the Placement Agent will rely upon the accuracy and truthfulness of the foregoing representations and warranties and hereby consents to such reliance.
 
(uu)                FINRA Affiliations . There are no affiliations with any FINRA member firm among the Company’s officers, directors or, to the knowledge of the Company, any five percent (5%) or greater stockholder of the Company.
 
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Section 3.               Delivery and Payment . Each Closing shall occur at the offices of Sichenzia Ross Ference Kesner LLP, 1185 Avenue of the Americas, 37 th Floor, New York, New York 10036 (or at such other place as shall be agreed upon by the Placement Agent and the Company) (“ Placement Agent Counsel ”). Subject to the terms and conditions hereof, at each Closing payment of the purchase price for the Securities sold on such Closing Date shall be made by Federal Funds wire transfer, against delivery of such Securities, and such Securities shall be registered in such name or names and shall be in such denominations, as the Placement Agent may request. Deliveries of the documents with respect to the purchase of the Securities, if any, shall be made at the offices of Placement Agent Counsel. All actions taken at a Closing shall be deemed to have occurred simultaneously.
 
Section 4.               Covenants and Agreements of the Company . The Company further covenants and agrees with the Placement Agent as follows:
 
(a)               Registration Statement Matters . The Company will advise the Placement Agent promptly after it receives notice thereof of the time when any amendment to the Registration Statement has been filed or becomes effective or any supplement to any Prospectus has been filed and will furnish the Placement Agent with copies thereof. The Company will file promptly all reports and any definitive proxy or information statements required to be filed by the Company with the Commission pursuant to Section 13(a), 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act subsequent to the date of any Prospectus and for so long as the delivery of a prospectus is required in connection with the Offering. The Company will advise the Placement Agent, promptly after it receives notice thereof (i) of any receipt of comments of, or any request by the Commission to amend the Registration Statement or to amend or supplement any Prospectus or for additional information, and (ii) of the issuance by the Commission of any stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or any post-effective amendment thereto or any order directed at any Incorporated Document, if any, or any amendment or supplement thereto or any order preventing or suspending the use of any Prospectus or any amendment or supplement thereto or any post-effective amendment to the Registration Statement, of the suspension of the qualification of the Securities for offering or sale in any jurisdiction, of the institution or threatened institution of any Proceeding for any such purpose, or of any request by the Commission for the amending or supplementing of the Registration Statement or a Prospectus or for additional information. The Company shall use its best efforts to prevent the issuance of any such stop order or prevention or suspension of such use.  If the Commission shall enter any such stop order or order or notice of prevention or suspension at any time, the Company will use its best efforts to obtain the lifting of such order at the earliest possible moment, or will file a new registration statement and use its best efforts to have such new registration statement declared effective as soon as practicable.  Additionally, the Company agrees that it shall comply with the provisions of Rules 424(b), 430A, 430B and 430C, as applicable, under the Securities Act, including with respect to the timely filing of documents thereunder, and will use its reasonable efforts to confirm that any filings made by the Company under such Rule 424(b) are received in a timely manner by the Commission.
 
(b)               Blue Sky Compliance . The Company will cooperate with the Placement Agent and the Investors in endeavoring to qualify the Securities for sale under the securities laws of such jurisdictions (United States and foreign) as the Placement Agent or the Investors may reasonably request and will make such applications, file such documents, and furnish such information as may be reasonably required for that purpose, provided the Company shall not be required to qualify as a foreign corporation or to file a general consent to service of process in any jurisdiction where it is not now so qualified or required to file such a consent. The Company will, from time to time, prepare and file such statements, reports and other documents as are or may be required to continue such qualifications in effect for so long a period as the Placement Agent may reasonably request for distribution of the Securities. The Company will advise the Placement Agent promptly of the suspension of the qualification or registration of (or any such exemption relating to) the Securities for offering, sale or trading in any jurisdiction or any initiation or threat of any Proceeding for any such purpose, and in the event of the issuance of any order suspending such qualification, registration or exemption, the Company shall use its best efforts to obtain the withdrawal thereof at the earliest possible moment.
 
(c)               Amendments and Supplements to the Prospectus and Other Matters . The Company will comply with the Securities Act and the Exchange Act, and the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder, so as to permit the completion of the distribution of the Securities as contemplated in this Agreement, the Transaction Documents, the Incorporated Documents and any Prospectus. If during the period in which a prospectus is required by law to be delivered in connection with the distribution of Securities contemplated by the Transaction Documents or the Prospectus (the “ Prospectus Delivery Period ”), any event shall occur as a result of which, in the judgment of the Company or in the opinion of the Placement Agent or counsel for the Placement Agent, it becomes necessary to amend or supplement the Incorporated Documents or any Prospectus in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, as the case may be, not misleading, or if it is necessary at any time to amend or supplement the Incorporated Documents or any Prospectus or to file under the Exchange Act any Incorporated Document to comply with any law, the Company will promptly prepare and file with the Commission, and furnish at its own expense to the Placement Agent and to dealers, an appropriate amendment to the Registration Statement or supplement to the Registration Statement, the Incorporated Documents or any Prospectus that is necessary in order to make the statements in the Incorporated Documents and any Prospectus as so amended or supplemented, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, as the case may be, not misleading, or so that the Registration Statement, the Incorporated Documents or any Prospectus, as so amended or supplemented, will comply with law. Before amending the Registration Statement or supplementing the Incorporated Documents or any Prospectus in connection with the Offering, the Company will furnish the Placement Agent with a copy of such proposed amendment or supplement and will not file any such amendment or supplement to which the Placement Agent reasonably objects.
 
(d)               Copies of any Amendments and Supplements to a Prospectus . The Company will furnish the Placement Agent, without charge, during the period beginning on the date hereof and ending on the later of the last Closing Date of the Offering, as many copies of the Incorporated Documents and any Prospectus and Free Writing Prospectus (as defined below), and any amendments and supplements thereto (including any Incorporated Documents, if any) as the Placement Agent may reasonably request.
 
(e)               Free Writing Prospectus . The Company covenants that it will not, unless it obtains the prior written consent of the Placement Agent, make any offer relating to the Securities that would constitute a “free writing prospectus” (as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act) required to be filed by the Company with the Commission or retained by the Company under Rule 433 of the Securities Act (a “ Free Writing Prospectus ”). In the event that the Placement Agent expressly consents in writing to any Free Writing Prospectus (a “ Permitted Free Writing Prospectus ”), the Company covenants that it shall comply with the requirements of Rule 164 and 433 of the Securities Act applicable to such Permitted Free Writing Prospectus, including in respect of timely filing with the Commission, legending and record keeping. If at any time during the Prospectus Delivery Period there occurred or occurs an event or development the result of which a Free Writing Prospectus conflicted or would conflict with the information contained in the Registration Statement or any Prospectus or included or would include, when taken together with the Final Prospectus and Incorporated Documents, an untrue statement of a material fact or omitted or would omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances prevailing at that subsequent time, not misleading, the Company will promptly notify the Placement Agent and will promptly amend or supplement, at its own expense, such Free Writing Prospectus to eliminate or correct such conflict, untrue statement or omission.
 
(f)                Lock-Up . The Company hereby agrees that, without the prior written consent of the Placement Agent, it will not, during the period from the date hereof until the date that is ninety (90) days after the date of the Final Prospectus (the “ Lock-Up Period ”), (i) offer, pledge, issue, sell, contract to sell, purchase, contract to purchase, lend, or otherwise transfer or dispose of, directly or indirectly, any shares of Common Stock or any Common Stock Equivalents; or (ii) enter into any swap or other arrangement that transfers to another, in whole or in part, any of the economic consequences of ownership of the Common Stock, whether any such transaction described in clause (i) or (ii) above is to be settled by delivery of Common Stock or such other securities, in cash or otherwise; or (iii) file any registration statement with the Commission relating to the offering of any shares of Common Stock or any Common Stock Equivalents (other than a registration statement for Common Stock and/or Common Stock Equivalents of the Company that will not be declared effective by the Commission prior to the expiration of the Lock-Up Period (each, a “ Subsequent Offering Registration Statement ”, and any such offering pursuant thereto, each, a “ Subsequent Offering ”)). The restrictions contained in the preceding sentence shall not apply to (1) the Securities to be sold hereunder, (2) the issuance of Common Stock upon the exercise of options or warrants or the conversion or exercise of Common Stock Equivalents disclosed as outstanding in the Registration Statement (excluding exhibits thereto) or Prospectus, (3) the issuance of employee stock options not exercisable during the Lock-Up Period and the grant of restricted stock awards or restricted stock units or shares of Common Stock pursuant to equity incentive plans described in the Registration Statement (excluding exhibits thereto) or the Final Prospectus or (4) any Subsequent Offering of shares of Common Stock and/or Common Stock Equivalents that is consummated pursuant to a Subsequent Offering Registration Statement after the expiration of the Lock-Up Period. The Company agrees not to accelerate the vesting of any option or warrant or the lapse of any repurchase right prior to the expiration of the Lock-Up Period except with respect to any employees, officers or directors of the Company that have executed a Lock-Up Agreement. As used herein “ Business Day ” means any day other than a Saturday, Sunday or other day on which commercial banks in New York, New York are authorized or required by law to remain closed.
 
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(g)               Transfer Agent . The Company will maintain, at its expense, a registrar and transfer agent for the Common Stock.
 
(h)               Trading Market . The Company shall use its reasonable best efforts to obtain approval, to the extent necessary, to include the Shares and the Warrant Shares on the Trading Market.
 
(i)                Earnings Statement . As soon as practicable and in accordance with applicable requirements under the Securities Act, but in any event not later than 18 months after the last Closing Date, the Company will make generally available to its security holders and to the Placement Agent an earnings statement, covering a period of at least 12 consecutive months beginning after the last Closing Date, that satisfies the provisions of Section 11(a) and Rule 158 under the Securities Act.
 
(j)                 Use of Proceeds . The Company shall apply the net proceeds from the sale of the Securities to be sold by it hereunder for the purposes set forth in the Registration Statement and the Final Prospectus under the heading “Use of Proceeds”.
 
(k)               Periodic Reporting Obligations . During the Prospectus Delivery Period, the Company will duly file, on a timely basis, with the Commission and the Trading Market all reports and documents required to be filed under the Exchange Act within the time periods and in the manner required by the Exchange Act.
 
(l)                 Additional Documents . The Company will enter into any subscription, purchase or other customary agreements as the Placement Agent or the Investors deem necessary or appropriate to consummate the Offering, all of which will be in form and substance reasonably acceptable to the Placement Agent and the Investors. The Company agrees that the Placement Agent may rely upon, and each is a third-party beneficiary of, the representations and warranties, and applicable covenants, set forth in the Transaction Documents and any other such purchase, subscription or other agreement with Investors in the Offering.
 
(m)               No Manipulation of Price The Company will not take, directly or indirectly, any action designed to cause or result in, or that has constituted or might reasonably be expected to constitute, the stabilization or manipulation of the price of any securities of the Company.
 
(n)               Acknowledgment . The Company acknowledges that any advice given by the Placement Agent to the Company is solely for the benefit and use of the Board of Directors of the Company and may not be used, reproduced, disseminated, quoted or referred to, without the Placement Agent’s prior written consent.
 
Section 5.               Conditions of the Obligations of the Placement Agent . The obligations of the Placement Agent hereunder shall be subject to the accuracy of the representations and warranties on the part of the Company set forth in Section 2 hereof as well as any representations of the Company in the Transaction Documents, in each case as of the date hereof and as of each Closing Date as though then made, to the timely performance by each of the Company of its covenants and other obligations hereunder and under the Transaction Documents on and as of such dates, and to each of the following additional conditions:
 
(a)               Accountants’ Comfort Letter . On the date hereof, the Placement Agent shall have received, and the Company shall have caused to be delivered to the Placement Agent, a letter from Marcum LLP (the independent registered public accounting firm of the Company), addressed to the Placement Agent, dated as of the date hereof, in form and substance satisfactory to the Placement Agent. The letter shall not disclose any change in the condition (financial or other), earnings, operations, business or prospects of the Company from that set forth in the Incorporated Documents or the applicable Prospectus, which, in the Placement Agent’s sole judgment, is material and adverse and that makes it, in the Placement Agent’s sole judgment, impracticable or inadvisable to proceed with the Offering of the Securities as contemplated by such Prospectus.
 
(b)               Transaction Documents . The Company and each Subsidiary (as the case may be) shall have duly executed and delivered to the Investors each of the Transaction Documents to which it is a party, including the Purchase Agreement and the applicable number of Warrants issuable to each Investor pursuant to the terms thereunder.
 
(c)               Compliance with Registration Requirements; No Stop Order; No Objection from the FINRA. The Final Prospectus (in accordance with Rule 424(b)) and any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus, if any, shall have been duly filed with the Commission, as appropriate; no stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or any part thereof shall have been issued and no Proceeding for that purpose shall have been initiated or threatened by the Commission; no order preventing or suspending the use of any Prospectus or Permitted Free Writing Prospectus shall have been issued and no proceeding for that purpose shall have been initiated or threatened by the Commission; no order having the effect of ceasing or suspending the distribution of the Securities or any other securities of the Company shall have been issued by any securities commission, securities regulatory authority or stock exchange and no proceedings for that purpose shall have been instituted or shall be pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, contemplated by any securities commission, securities regulatory authority or stock exchange; all requests for additional information on the part of the Commission shall have been complied with; and FINRA shall have raised no objection to the fairness and reasonableness of the placement terms and arrangements.
 
(d)               Corporate Proceedings . All corporate proceedings and other legal matters in connection with this Agreement, the Registration Statement and each Prospectus, and the registration, sale and delivery of the Securities, shall have been completed or resolved in a manner reasonably satisfactory to the Placement Agent’s counsel, and such counsel shall have been furnished with such papers and information as it may reasonably have requested to enable such counsel to pass upon the matters referred to in this Section 5.
 
(e)               No Material Adverse Effect . Subsequent to the execution and delivery of this Agreement and prior to each Closing Date, in the Placement Agent’s sole judgment after consultation with the Company, there shall not have occurred any Material Adverse Effect.
 
(f)                No Materially Misleading Fact . The Placement Agent shall not have reasonably determined, and advised the Company, that the Registration Statement, any Prospectus, or any amendment thereof or supplement thereto, or any Free Writing Prospectus, contains an untrue statement of fact which, in the reasonable opinion of the Placement Agent, is material, or omits to state a fact which, in the reasonable opinion of the Placement Agent, is material and is required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading.
 
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(g)               Opinion of Counsel . The Placement Agent shall have received on each Closing Date the favorable opinion of Ortoli Rosenstadt LLP, US legal counsel to the Company, dated as of such Closing Date, including, without limitation, a negative assurance letter addressed to the Placement Agent, and in form and substance satisfactory to the Placement Agent. On or before each Closing Date there shall have been furnished to the Placement Agent the negative assurance letter of Placement Agent Counsel, dated the Closing Date and addressed to the Placement Agent, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to Placement Agent.
 
(h)               Good Standing . The Placement Agent shall have received a certificate evidencing the formation and good standing of the Company from the Secretary of State of Nevada as of a date within ten (10) days of each Closing Date.
 
(i)                 Certified Charter . The Placement Agent shall have received a certified copy of the Certificate of Incorporation of the Company as certified by the Nevada Secretary of State within ten (10) days of each Closing Date.
 
(j)                 Secretary’s Certificate . The Placement Agent shall have received on each Closing Date a certificate of the Company, dated as of such Closing Date, signed by the Secretary of the Company or such other officer of the Company serving in such capacity, as to (i) the resolutions of the Board of Directors approving the Offering and issuance and pricing of the Securities, in a form reasonable acceptable to the Placement Agent, (ii) the incumbency of the officers of the Company executing this Agreement and the Transaction Documents, (iii) the Certificate of Incorporation of the Company, and (iv) the Bylaws of the Company, each as in effect at the Closing.
 
(k)               Officers’ Certificate . The Placement Agent shall have received on each Closing Date a certificate of the Company, dated as of such Closing Date, signed by the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer of the Company, to the effect that, and the Placement Agent shall be satisfied that, the signers of such certificate have reviewed the Registration Statement, the Incorporated Documents, the Prospectus, and this Agreement and to the further effect that:
 
(i)                 The representations and warranties of the Company in this Agreement and in the Transaction Documents are true and correct, as if made on and as of such Closing Date, and the Company has complied with all the agreements and satisfied all the conditions on its part to be performed or satisfied at or prior to such Closing Date;
 
(ii)               No stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or the use of the Prospectus has been issued and no proceedings for that purpose have been instituted or are pending or, to the Company’s knowledge, threatened under the Securities Act; no order having the effect of ceasing or suspending the distribution of the Securities or any other securities of the Company has been issued by any securities commission, securities regulatory authority or stock exchange in the United States and no proceedings for that purpose have been instituted or are pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, contemplated by any securities commission, securities regulatory authority or stock exchange in the United States;
 
(iii)             When the Registration Statement became effective, at the time of sale, and at all times subsequent thereto up to the delivery of such certificate, the Registration Statement and the Incorporated Documents, if any, when such documents became effective or were filed with the Commission, contained all material information required to be included therein by the Securities Act and the Exchange Act and the applicable rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder, as the case may be, and in all material respects conformed to the requirements of the Securities Act and the Exchange Act and the applicable rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder, as the case may be, and the Registration Statement and the Incorporated Documents, if any, did not and do not include any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading (provided, however, that the preceding representations and warranties contained in this paragraph (iii) shall not apply to any statements or omissions made in reliance upon and in conformity with information furnished in writing to the Company by the Placement Agent expressly for use therein) and, since the effective date of the Registration Statement, there has occurred no event required by the Securities Act and the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder to be set forth in the Incorporated Documents which has not been so set forth; and
 
(iv)              Subsequent to the respective dates as of which information is given in the Registration Statement, the Incorporated Documents and any Prospectus, there has not been: (a) any Material Adverse Effect; (b) any transaction that is material to the Company and the Subsidiaries taken as a whole, except transactions entered into in the ordinary course of business; (c) any obligation, direct or contingent, that is material to the Company and the Subsidiaries taken as a whole, incurred by the Company or any Subsidiary, except obligations incurred in the ordinary course of business; (d) any material change in the capital stock (except changes thereto resulting from the exercise of outstanding stock options or warrants) or outstanding indebtedness of the Company or any Subsidiary; (e) any dividend or distribution of any kind declared, paid or made on the capital stock of the Company; or (f) any loss or damage (whether or not insured) to the property of the Company or any Subsidiary which has been sustained or will have been sustained which has a Material Adverse Effect.
 
(l)                 Outstanding Shares . The Placement Agent shall have received a letter from the Company’s transfer agent certifying the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding on the trading day immediately prior to each Closing Date.
 
(m)               Bring-down Comfort Letter On each Closing Date, the Placement Agent shall have received from Marcum LLP a letter dated as of such Closing Date, in form and substance satisfactory to the Placement Agent, to the effect that they reaffirm the statements made in the letter furnished pursuant to subsection (a) of this Section 5, except that the specified date referred to therein for the carrying out of procedures shall be no more than three Business Days prior to such Closing Date.
 
(n)               Stock Exchange Listing . The Common Stock shall be registered under the Exchange Act and shall be listed on the Trading Market, and the Company shall not have taken any action designed to terminate, or likely to have the effect of terminating, the registration of the Common Stock under the Exchange Act or delisting or suspending from trading the Common Stock from the Trading Market, nor, except as disclosed in the SEC Reports as of the date hereof, shall the Company have received any information suggesting that the Commission or the Trading Market is contemplating terminating such registration or listing. The Shares and the Warrant Shares shall be approved for listing on the Trading Market, subject to official notice of issuance.
 
(o)               Lock-Ups . On or before the date hereof, the Placement Agent shall have received duly executed lock-up agreement, substantially in the form of Exhibit A hereto (each a “ Lock-Up Agreement ”), from each of the parties specified in Schedule 1 .
 
(p)               Transfer Agent Issuance Instructions . The Company shall have issued irrevocable instructions to its transfer agent with respect to the issuance of the Shares to the Investors on such Closing Date, in a form reasonable acceptable to the Placement Agent, in accordance with the terms of the Purchase Agreement.
 
(q)              Transfer Agent Lock-Up Instructions . On or before the first Closing Date, the Company shall have issued irrevocable instructions to its transfer agent, in a form reasonable acceptable to the Placement Agent, to stop transfer of any shares of equity securities of the Company in accordance with the various Lock-Up Agreements.
 
(r)                Additional Documents . On or before each Closing Date, the Placement Agent and counsel for the Placement Agent shall have received such information and documents as they may reasonably require for the purposes of enabling them to pass upon the issuance and sale of the Securities as contemplated herein and in the Transaction Documents, or in order to evidence the accuracy of any of the representations and warranties, or the satisfaction of any of the conditions or agreements, herein contained, including, without limitation, any and all Required Approvals.
 
Section 6.               Payment of Expenses . The Company agrees to pay all costs, fees and expenses incurred by the Company in connection with the performance of its obligations hereunder and in connection with the transactions contemplated hereby and in the Transaction Documents, including, without limitation: (i) all expenses incident to the issuance, delivery and qualification of the Securities (including all printing and engraving costs); (ii) all fees and expenses of the registrar and transfer agent of the Common Stock; (iii) all necessary issue, transfer and other stamp taxes in connection with the issuance and sale of the Securities; (iv) all fees and expenses of the Company’s counsel, independent public or certified public accountants and other advisors; (v) all costs and expenses incurred in connection with the preparation, printing, filing, shipping and distribution of the Registration Statement (including financial statements, exhibits, schedules, consents and certificates of experts), the Preliminary Prospectus and Final Prospectus, and all amendments and supplements thereto, and this Agreement; (vi) all filing fees, reasonable attorneys’ fees and expenses incurred by the Company or the Placement Agent in connection with qualifying or registering (or obtaining exemptions from the qualification or registration of) all or any part of the Securities for offer and sale under the state securities or blue sky laws or the securities laws of any other country, and, if requested by the Placement Agent, preparing and printing a “Blue Sky Survey,” an “International Blue Sky Survey” or other memorandum, and any supplements thereto, advising the Placement Agent of such qualifications, registrations and exemptions; (vii) the filing fees incident to the review and approval by FINRA of the Placement Agent’s participation in the offering and distribution of the Securities; (viii) the fees and expenses associated with including the Shares and the Warrant Shares on the Trading Market; (ix) all costs and expenses incident to the travel and accommodation of the Company’s and the Placement Agent’s employees on the “roadshow,” if any; and (x) all other fees, costs and expenses referred to in Part II of the Registration Statement.
 
 
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Section 7.               Indemnification and Contribution .
 
(a) The Company agrees to indemnify and hold harmless the Placement Agent, its Affiliates and each person controlling the Placement Agent (within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act), and the directors, officers, agents and employees of the Placement Agent, its Affiliates and each such controlling person (the Placement Agent, and each such entity or person, an “ Indemnified Person ”) from and against any losses, claims, damages, judgments, assessments, costs and other liabilities (collectively, the “ Liabilities ”), and shall reimburse each Indemnified Person for all fees and expenses (including the reasonable fees and expenses of one counsel for all Indemnified Persons, except as otherwise expressly provided herein) (collectively, the “ Expenses ”) as they are incurred by an Indemnified Person in investigating, preparing, pursuing or defending any Actions, whether or not any Indemnified Person is a party thereto, (i) caused by, or arising out of or in connection with, any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in any Incorporated Document or by any omission or alleged omission to state therein a material fact necessary to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading (other than untrue statements or alleged untrue statements in, or omissions or alleged omissions from, information relating to an Indemnified Person furnished in writing by or on behalf of such Indemnified Person expressly for use in the Incorporated Documents) or (ii) otherwise arising out of or in connection with advice or services rendered or to be rendered by any Indemnified Person pursuant to this Agreement and the Transaction Documents, the transactions contemplated thereby or any Indemnified Person’s actions or inactions in connection with any such advice, services or transactions; provided, however , that, in the case of clause (ii) only, the Company shall not be responsible for any Liabilities or Expenses of any Indemnified Person that are finally judicially determined to have resulted solely from such Indemnified Person’s (x) gross negligence or willful misconduct in connection with any of the advice, actions, inactions or services referred to above or (y) use of any offering materials or information concerning the Company in connection with the offer or sale of the Securities in the Offering which were not authorized for such use by the Company and which use constitutes gross negligence or willful misconduct. The Company also agrees to reimburse each Indemnified Person for all Expenses as they are incurred in connection with enforcing such Indemnified Person’s rights under this Agreement.
   
(b)       Upon receipt by an Indemnified Person of actual notice of an Action against such Indemnified Person with respect to which indemnity may be sought under this Agreement, such Indemnified Person shall promptly notify the Company in writing; provided that failure by any Indemnified Person so to notify the Company shall not relieve the Company from any liability which the Company may have on account of this indemnity or otherwise to such Indemnified Person, except to the extent the Company shall have been prejudiced by such failure. The Company shall, if requested by the Placement Agent, assume the defense of any such Action including the employment of counsel reasonably satisfactory to the Placement Agent, which counsel may also be counsel to the Company. Any Indemnified Person shall have the right to employ separate counsel in any such action and participate in the defense thereof, but the fees and expenses of such counsel shall be at the expense of such Indemnified Person unless: (i) the Company has failed promptly to assume the defense and employ counsel or (ii) the named parties to any such Action (including any impeded parties) include such Indemnified Person and the Company, and such Indemnified Person shall have been advised in the reasonable opinion of counsel that there is an actual conflict of interest that prevents the counsel selected by the Company from representing both the Company (or another client of such counsel) and any Indemnified Person; provided that the Company shall not in such event be responsible hereunder for the fees and expenses of more than one firm of separate counsel for all Indemnified Persons in connection with any Action or related Actions, in addition to any local counsel. The Company shall not be liable for any settlement of any Action effected without its written consent (which shall not be unreasonably withheld). In addition, the Company shall not, without the prior written consent of the Placement Agent (which shall not be unreasonably withheld), settle, compromise or consent to the entry of any judgment in or otherwise seek to terminate any pending or threatened Action in respect of which indemnification or contribution may be sought hereunder (whether or not such Indemnified Person is a party thereto) unless such settlement, compromise, consent or termination includes an unconditional release of each Indemnified Person from all Liabilities arising out of such Action for which indemnification or contribution may be sought hereunder. The indemnification required hereby shall be made by periodic payments of the amount thereof during the course of the investigation or defense, as such expense, loss, damage or liability is incurred and is due and payable.
 
(c)       In the event that the foregoing indemnity is unavailable to an Indemnified Person other than in accordance with this Agreement, the Company shall contribute to the Liabilities and Expenses paid or payable by such Indemnified Person in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect (i) the relative benefits to the Company, on the one hand, and to the Placement Agent and any other Indemnified Person, on the other hand, of the matters contemplated by this Agreement and the Transaction Documents, or (ii) if the allocation provided by the immediately preceding clause is not permitted by applicable law, not only such relative benefits but also the relative fault of the Company, on the one hand, and the Placement Agent and any other Indemnified Person, on the other hand, in connection with the matters as to which such Liabilities or Expenses relate, as well as any other relevant equitable considerations; provided that in no event shall the Company contribute less than the amount necessary to ensure that all Indemnified Persons, in the aggregate, are not liable for any Liabilities and Expenses in excess of the amount of fees actually received by the Placement Agent pursuant to this Agreement. For purposes of this paragraph, the relative benefits to the Company, on the one hand, and to the Placement Agent on the other hand, of the matters contemplated by this Agreement and in the Transaction Documents shall be deemed to be in the same proportion as (a) the total value paid or contemplated to be paid to or received or contemplated to be received by the Company in the transaction or transactions that are within the scope of this Agreement and the Transaction Documents, whether or not any such transaction is consummated, bears to (b) the fees paid to the Placement Agent under this Agreement. Notwithstanding the above, no person guilty of fraudulent misrepresentation within the meaning of Section 11(f) of the Securities Act, as amended, shall be entitled to contribution from a party who was not guilty of fraudulent misrepresentation.
 
(d)       The Company also agrees that no Indemnified Person shall have any liability (whether direct or indirect, in contract or tort or otherwise) to the Company for or in connection with advice or services rendered or to be rendered by any Indemnified Person pursuant to this Agreement and the Transaction Documents, the transactions contemplated thereby or any Indemnified Person’s actions or inactions in connection with any such advice, services or transactions except for Liabilities (and related Expenses) of the Company that are finally judicially determined to have resulted solely from such Indemnified Person’s gross negligence or willful misconduct in connection with any such advice, actions, inactions or services.
 
(e)       The reimbursement, indemnity and contribution obligations of the Company set forth herein shall apply to any modification of this Agreement and shall remain in full force and effect regardless of any termination of, or the completion of any Indemnified Person’s services under or in connection with, this Agreement.
   
Section 8.               Representations and Indemnities to Survive Delivery . The respective indemnities, agreements, representations, warranties and other statements of the Company or any person controlling the Company, of its officers, and of the Placement Agent set forth in or made pursuant to this Agreement will remain in full force and effect, regardless of any investigation made by or on behalf of the Placement Agent, the Company, or any of its or their partners, officers or directors or any controlling person, as the case may be, and will survive delivery of and payment for the Securities sold hereunder and any termination of this Agreement. A successor to a Placement Agent, or to the Company, its directors or officers or any person controlling the Company, shall be entitled to the benefits of the indemnity, contribution and reimbursement agreements contained in this Agreement.
 
Section 9.               Termination of this Agreement.
 
(a)               The Placement Agent shall have the right to terminate this Agreement by giving notice to the Company as hereinafter specified at any time at or prior to the Closing Date, if in the discretion of the Placement Agent, (i) there has occurred any material adverse change in the securities markets or any event, act or occurrence that has materially disrupted, or in the opinion of the Placement Agent, will in the future materially disrupt, the securities markets or there shall be such a material adverse change in general financial, political or economic conditions or the effect of international conditions on the financial markets in the United States is such as to make it, in the judgment of the Placement Agent, inadvisable or impracticable to market the Securities or enforce contracts for the sale of the Securities, (ii) trading in the Common Stock shall have been suspended by the Commission or the Trading Market, or trading in securities generally on the OTC Markets, the Nasdaq Stock Market, the NYSE or the NYSE MKT shall have been suspended, (iii) minimum or maximum prices for trading shall have been fixed, or maximum ranges for prices for securities shall have been required, on the OTC Markets, the Nasdaq Stock Market, the NYSE or NYSE MKT, by such exchange or by order of the Commission or any other governmental authority having jurisdiction, (iv) a banking moratorium shall have been declared by federal or state authorities, (v) there shall have occurred any attack on, outbreak or escalation of hostilities or act of terrorism involving the United States, any declaration by the United States of a national emergency or war, any substantial change or development involving a prospective substantial change in United States or international political, financial or economic conditions or any other calamity or crisis, (vi) the Company suffers any loss by strike, fire, flood, earthquake, accident or other calamity, whether or not covered by insurance, (vii) the Company is in material breach of any of its representations, warranties or covenants under this Agreement, including if any condition specified in Section 5 is not satisfied when and as required to be satisfied, or (viii) in the judgment of the Placement Agent, there has been, since the time of execution of this Agreement or since the respective dates as of which information is given in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus, any material adverse change in the assets, properties, condition, financial or otherwise, or in the results of operations, business affairs or business prospects of the Company and its Subsidiaries considered as a whole, whether or not arising in the ordinary course of business. If the Placement Agent elects to terminate this Agreement as provided in this Section, the Company shall be notified promptly by the Placement Agent by telephone, confirmed by letter.
 
 
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(b)               Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, the provisions concerning confidentiality, indemnification and contribution contained herein and the Company’s obligations contained in the indemnification provisions, including any obligations under Section 6 (Payment of Expenses), Section 7 (Indemnification and Contribution) and Section 8 (Representations and Indemnities to Survive Delivery), will survive any expiration or termination of this Agreement, and the Company’s obligation to pay fees actually earned and payable and to reimburse expenses actually incurred and reimbursable pursuant to Section 1 hereof and which are permitted to be reimbursed under FINRA Rule 5110(f)(2)(D), will survive any expiration or termination of this Agreement.
 
(c)               The terms of the Right of First Refusal shall survive the termination of this Agreement unless this Agreement is terminated by the Company for cause in compliance with FINRA Rule 5110(f)(2)(D)(ii), which includes the Placement Agent’s material failure to provide the services contemplated in this Agreement, and the Company’s exercise of this right for termination for cause eliminates any obligations with respect to the Right of First Refusal.
 
Section 10.           Notices . All communications hereunder shall be in writing and shall be mailed, hand or electronically delivered and confirmed to the parties hereto as follows:
 
If to the Placement Agent, to the address set forth above, attention: Jared Schramm, Facsimile: (949) 720-7215
 
With a copy to:
 
Sichenzia Ross Ference Kesner LLP
1185 Avenue of the Americas, 37 th Floor
New York, NY 10036
Facsimile: (212) 930-9725
Attention: Gregory Sichenzia
 
If to the Company:
Q Biomed Inc.
c/o Ortoli Rosenstadt LLP
501 Madison Avenue – 14th Floor
New York, NY 10022
Facsimile: (212) 826-9307
Attention: William S. Rosenstadt
 
Any party hereto may change the address for receipt of communications by giving written notice to the others.
 
Section 11.           Successors . This Agreement will inure to the benefit of and be binding upon the parties hereto, and to the benefit of the employees, officers and directors and controlling persons referred to in Section 7 hereof, and to their respective successors, and personal representative, and no other person will have any right or obligation hereunder.
 
Section 12.           Partial Unenforceability . The invalidity or unenforceability of any section, paragraph or provision of this Agreement shall not affect the validity or enforceability of any other section, paragraph or provision hereof. If any section, paragraph or provision of this Agreement is for any reason determined to be invalid or unenforceable, there shall be deemed to be made such minor changes (and only such minor changes) as are necessary to make it valid and enforceable.
 
Section 13.           Governing Law Provisions . This Agreement shall be deemed to have been made and delivered in New York City and both this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby shall be governed as to validity, interpretation, construction, effect and in all other respects by the internal laws of the State of New York, without regard to the conflict of laws principles thereof. Each of the Placement Agent and the Company: (i) agrees that any legal suit, action or proceeding arising out of or relating to this Agreement and/or the transactions contemplated hereby shall be instituted exclusively in New York Supreme Court, County of New York, or in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York, (ii) waives any objection which it may have or hereafter to the venue of any such suit, action or proceeding, and (iii) irrevocably consents to the jurisdiction of the New York Supreme Court, County of New York, and the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York in any such suit, action or proceeding. Each of the Placement Agent and the Company further agrees to accept and acknowledge service of any and all process which may be served in any such suit, action or proceeding in the New York Supreme Court, County of New York, or in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York and agrees that service of process upon the Company mailed by certified mail to the Company’s address shall be deemed in every respect effective service of process upon the Company, in any such suit, action or proceeding, and service of process upon the Placement Agent mailed by certified mail to the Placement Agent’s address shall be deemed in every respect effective service process upon the Placement Agent, in any such suit, action or proceeding. Notwithstanding any provision of this Agreement to the contrary, the Company agrees that neither the Placement Agent nor its Affiliates, and the respective officers, directors, employees, agents and representatives of the Placement Agent, its Affiliates and each other person, if any, controlling the Placement Agent or any of its Affiliates, shall have any liability (whether direct or indirect, in contract or tort or otherwise) to the Company for or in connection with the engagement and transaction described herein except for any such liability for losses, claims, damages or liabilities incurred by us that are finally judicially determined to have resulted from the bad faith or gross negligence of such individuals or entities. If either party shall commence an action or proceeding to enforce any provision of this Agreement, then the prevailing party in such action or proceeding shall be reimbursed by the other party for its reasonable attorney’s fees and other costs and expenses incurred with the investigation, preparation and prosecution of such action or proceeding.
 
Section 14.           Absence of Fiduciary Relationship. The Company acknowledges and agrees that: (a) the Placement Agent has been retained solely to act as the placement agent in connection with the sale of the Securities and that no fiduciary, advisory or agency relationship between the Company and the Placement Agent has been created in respect of any of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, irrespective of whether the Placement Agent has advised or is advising the Company on other matters; (b) the price and other terms of the Securities set forth in this Agreement, the Final Prospectus, and the Transaction Documents were established by the Placement Agent and the Investors following discussions and arm’s-length negotiations and the Company is capable of evaluating and understanding and understands and accepts the terms, risks and conditions of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement; (c) it has been advised that the Placement Agent and its Affiliates are engaged in a broad range of transactions that may involve interests that differ from those of the Company and that the Placement Agent does not have any obligation to disclose such interest and transactions to the Company by virtue of any fiduciary, advisory or agency relationship; and (d) it has been advised that the Placement Agent is acting, in respect of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, solely for the benefit of the Placement Agent, and not on behalf of the Company.
 
Section 15.           General Provisions . This Agreement constitutes the entire agreement of the parties to this Agreement and supersedes all prior written or oral and all contemporaneous oral agreements, understandings and negotiations with respect to the subject matter hereof, except for the engagement agreement entered into by and between the Company and the Placement Agent, dated as of November 14, 2017, as amended, which shall survive the execution of this Agreement. This Agreement may be executed in two or more counterparts, each one of which shall be an original, with the same effect as if the signatures thereto and hereto were upon the same instrument. This Agreement may not be amended or modified unless in writing by all of the parties hereto, and no condition herein (express or implied) may be waived unless waived in writing by each party whom the condition is meant to benefit. No waiver of any of the provisions of this Agreement shall be deemed or shall constitute a waiver of any other provision hereof (regardless of whether similar), nor shall any such waiver be deemed or constitute a continuing waiver unless otherwise expressly provided. Section headings herein are for the convenience of the parties only and shall not affect the construction or interpretation of this Agreement.
 
[ The remainder of this page has been intentionally left blank. ]
 
11
  
 
 
 
If the foregoing is in accordance with your understanding of our agreement, please sign below whereupon this instrument, along with all counterparts hereof, shall become a binding agreement in accordance with its terms. 
 
 
Very truly yours,
 
 
 
Q BIOMED INC.,
 
a Nevada corporation
 
 
 
By:
 
Name:Title:
 
 
The foregoing Placement Agency Agreement is hereby confirmed and accepted as of the date first above written.
 
ROTH CAPITAL PARTNERS, LLC
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
By:
 
 
 
 
Name:
 
 
 
Title:
 
 
 
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EXHIBIT A
 
Form of Lock-Up Agreement
 
_______, 2018
 
Roth Capital Partners, LLC
57 W. 57 th St., 18 th Floor
New York, NY 10019
 
As Placement Agent
 
Ladies and Gentlemen:
 
This Lock-Up Agreement is being delivered to you in connection with the engagement by Q BioMed Inc., a Nevada corporation (the “ Company ”) of Roth Capital Partners, LLC, as the Company’s lead Placement Agent (the “ Placement Agent ,”) with respect to the proposed public offering of securities of the Company (the “ Offering ”), including shares of common stock, par value $ $0.001 per share, of the Company (the “ Common Stock ”). Capitalized terms used and not otherwise defined herein shall have the meanings given them in the Engagement Agreement, as may be amended from time to time, between the Company and Placement Agent (the “ Engagement Agreement ”).
 
In order to induce you to act as placement agent to the Offering, the undersigned agrees that, for a period (the “ Lock-Up Period ”) beginning on the date hereof and ending on, and including, the date that is ninety (90) days after the date of the final prospectus supplement relating to the Offering, the undersigned will not, without the prior written consent of the Placement Agent, (i) sell, offer to sell, contract or agree to sell, hypothecate, pledge, grant any option to purchase or otherwise dispose of or agree to dispose of, directly or indirectly, or file (or participate in the filing of) a registration statement with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “ Commission ”) in respect of, or establish or increase a put equivalent position or liquidate or decrease a call equivalent position within the meaning of Section 16 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations of the Commission promulgated thereunder (the “ Exchange Act ”) with respect to, any Common Stock or any other securities of the Company that are substantially similar to Common Stock, or any securities convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable for, or any warrants or other rights to purchase, the foregoing, (ii) enter into any swap or other arrangement that transfers to another, in whole or in part, any of the economic consequences of ownership of Common Stock or any other securities of the Company that are substantially similar to Common Stock, or any securities convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable for, or any warrants or other rights to purchase, the foregoing, whether any such transaction is to be settled by delivery of Common Stock or such other securities, in cash or otherwise or (iii) publicly announce an intention to effect any transaction specified in clause (i) or (ii).
 
The foregoing paragraph shall not apply to (a) the registration of the offer and sale of securities in the Offering and the sale of the securities to investors introduced by the Placement Agent in the Offering, (b) bona fide gifts, provided the recipient thereof agrees in writing with the Placement Agent to be bound by the terms of this Lock-Up Agreement, (c) dispositions to any trust for the direct or indirect benefit of the undersigned and/or the immediate family of the undersigned, provided that such trust agrees in writing with the Placement Agent to be bound by the terms of this Lock-Up Agreement, (d) transfers of Common Stock or securities convertible into Common Stock on death by will or intestacy, (e) sales or transfers of Common Stock solely in connection with the “cashless” exercise of Company stock options outstanding on the date hereof for the purpose of exercising such stock options (provided that any remaining Common Stock received upon such exercise will be subject to the restrictions provided for in this Lock-Up Agreement) or (f) sales or transfers of Common Stock or securities convertible into Common Stock pursuant to a sales plan entered into prior to the date hereof pursuant to Rule 10b5-1 under the Exchange Act, a copy of which has been provided to the Placement Agent. In addition, the restrictions sets forth herein shall not prevent the undersigned from entering into a sales plan pursuant to Rule 10b5-1 under the Exchange Act after the date hereof, provided that (i) a copy of such plan is provided to the Placement Agent promptly upon entering into the same and (ii) no sales or transfers may be made under such plan until the Lock-Up Period ends or this Lock-Up Agreement is terminated in accordance with its terms. For purposes of this paragraph, “immediate family” shall mean the undersigned and the spouse, any lineal descendent, father, mother, brother or sister of the undersigned.
 
In addition, the undersigned hereby waives any rights the undersigned may have to require registration of Common Stock in connection with the filing of a registration statement relating to the Offering. The undersigned further agrees that, for the Lock-Up Period, the undersigned will not, without the prior written consent of the Placement Agent, make any demand for, or exercise any right with respect to, the registration of Common Stock or any securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for Common Stock, or warrants or other rights to purchase Common Stock or any such securities.
 
The undersigned hereby confirms that the undersigned has not, directly or indirectly, taken, and hereby covenants that the undersigned will not, directly or indirectly, take, any action designed, or which has constituted or will constitute or might reasonably be expected to cause or result in the stabilization or manipulation of the price of any security of the Company to facilitate the sale or resale of shares of Common Stock.
 
This Lock-Up Agreement shall be construed and enforced in accordance with the laws of the State of New York without regard to the principles of conflict of laws.
 
If (i) the Company notifies you in writing that it does not intend to proceed with the Offering, (ii) the registration statement filed with the Commission with respect to the Offering is withdrawn, or (iii) if the closing of the Offering does not occur prior to ninety (90) days from the date of this Lock-Up Agreement, this Lock-Up Agreement shall be immediately terminated and of no further force and effect.
 
[signature page follows]
 
 
13
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
Very truly yours,
 
 
 
 
 
(Name - Please Print)
 
 
 
 
 
(Signature)
 
 
 
 
 
(Name of Signatory, in the case of entities - Please Print)
 
 
 
 
 
(Title of Signatory, in the case of entities - Please Print)
 
 
Address:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
[ Signature Page – Lock-Up Agreement ]
 
14
 
 
 
 
 
 
SCHEDULE I
 
List of officers, directors and stockholders executing lock-up agreements:
 
 
15
 
 
 
 
SECURITIES PURCHASE AGREEMENT
 
This SECURITIES PURCHASE AGREEMENT (this “ Agreement ”), dated as of ____, 2018, is by and among Q BioMed Inc., a Nevada corporation (the “ Company ”), and each of the investors listed on the Schedule of Buyers attached hereto (individually, a “ Buyer ” and collectively, the “ Buyers ”).
 
RECITALS
 
A.       The Company and each Buyer desire to enter into this transaction to purchase (i) the Common Shares (as defined below), and (ii) Warrants (as defined below) pursuant to a currently effective shelf registration statement on Form S-1, to purchase Common Stock registered thereunder (Registration Number 333-222008) (the “ Registration Statement ”), which Registration Statement has been declared effective in accordance with the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “ 1933 Act ”), by the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (the “ SEC ”).
 
B.       Each Buyer wishes to purchase, and the Company wishes to sell, upon the terms and conditions stated in this Agreement, (i) such aggregate number of shares of Common Stock as set forth opposite such Buyer’s name in column (3) on the Schedule of Buyers (which aggregate amount for all Buyers shall be [ ] shares of Common Stock and shall collectively be referred to herein as the “ Common Shares ”), and (ii) a warrant to initially acquire up to such aggregate number of shares of Common Stock set forth opposite such Buyer’s name in column (4) on the Schedule of Buyers, as evidenced by a certificate in the form attached hereto as Exhibit A-1 (the “ Warrants ”) (as exercised, the “ Warrant Shares ”).
 
C.       The Common Shares, the Warrants and the Warrant Shares are collectively referred to herein as the “ Securities ”.
 
AGREEMENT
 
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises and the mutual covenants contained herein and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, the Company and each Buyer hereby agree as follows:
 
 
1.
PURCHASE AND SALE OF COMMON SHARES AND WARRANTS.
 
(a)            Purchase of Common Shares and Warrants . Subject to the satisfaction (or waiver) of the conditions set forth in Sections 6 and 7 below, the Company shall issue and sell to each Buyer, and each Buyer severally, but not jointly, agrees to purchase from the Company on the Closing Date (as defined below) (A) such aggregate number of Common Shares as is set forth opposite such Buyer’s name in column (3) on the Schedule of Buyers, and (B) Common Warrants to initially acquire up to such aggregate number of Warrant Shares as is set forth opposite such Buyer’s name in column (4) on the Schedule of Buyers.
 
(b)           Closing . The closing (the “ Closing ”) of the purchase of the Common Shares and the Warrants by the Buyers shall occur at the offices of Sichenzia Ross Ference Kesner LLP, 1185 Avenue of the Americas, 37 th Floor, New York, NY 10036. The date and time of the Closing (the “ Closing Date ”) shall be 10:00 a.m., New York time, on the first (1st) Business Day (as defined below) on which the conditions to the Closing set forth in Sections 6 and 7 below are satisfied or waived (or such other date as is mutually agreed to by the Company and each Buyer). As used herein “ Business Day ” means any day other than a Saturday, Sunday or other day on which commercial banks in New York, New York are authorized or required by law to remain closed.
 
(c)            Purchase Price. The aggregate purchase price for the Common Shares and Warrants (the “ Purchase Price ”) shall be the amount set forth opposite such Buyer’s name in column (5) on the Schedule of Buyers.
 
(d)           Form of Payment; Deliveries . On the Closing Date, (i) each Buyer shall pay its respective Purchase Price to the Company for the Common Shares and the Warrants to be issued and sold to such Buyer at the Closing, by wire transfer of immediately available funds in accordance with the Flow of Funds Letter (as defined below) and (ii) the Company shall (A) cause VStock Transfer, LLC (together with any subsequent transfer agent, the “ Transfer Agent ”) through the Depository Trust Company (“ DTC ”) Fast Automated Securities Transfer Program, to credit such aggregate number of Common Shares that each Buyer is purchasing as is set forth opposite such Buyer’s name in column (3) of the Schedule of Buyers to such Buyer’s or its designee’s balance account with DTC through its Deposit/Withdrawal at Custodian system, and (B) deliver to each Buyer a Warrant pursuant to which such Buyer shall have the right to initially acquire up to such aggregate number of Warrant Shares as is set forth opposite such Buyer’s name in column (4) of the Schedule of Buyers, in each case, duly executed on behalf of the Company and registered in the name of such Buyer or its designee.
 
(e)           Placement Agent Fees . At the Closing, the Company shall pay (i) to ROTH Capital Partners, LLC, as lead placement agent (the “ Lead Placement Agent ”), all fees and expenses due to the Lead Placement Agent as of the Closing Date, and (ii) to Brookline Capital Markets, as co-lead placement agent (the “ Co-Lead Placement Agent ”), all fees and expenses due to the Co-Lead Placement Agent as of the Closing Date, each pursuant to the terms of that certain Placement Agent Agreement, dated as of ______, 2018, by and between the Company and the Lead Placement Agent (the “ Placement Agent Agreement ”), in each case, by wire transfer of immediately available funds in accordance with the Lead Placement Agent's and Co-Lead Placement Agent’s respective written wire instructions.
 
1
 
 
 

 
2.
BUYER’S REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES.
 
Each Buyer, severally and not jointly, represents and warrants to the Company with respect to only itself that, as of the date hereof and as of the Closing Date:
 
(a)           Organization; Authority . Such Buyer is an entity duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its organization with the requisite power and authority to enter into and to consummate the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents (as defined below) to which it is a party and otherwise to carry out its obligations hereunder and thereunder.
 
(b)           Validity; Enforcement . This Agreement has been duly and validly authorized, executed and delivered on behalf of such Buyer and shall constitute the legal, valid and binding obligations of such Buyer enforceable against such Buyer in accordance with their respective terms, except as such enforceability may be limited by general principles of equity or to applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium, liquidation and other similar laws relating to, or affecting generally, the enforcement of applicable creditors’ rights and remedies.
 
(c)           No Conflicts . The execution, delivery and performance by such Buyer of this Agreement and the consummation by such Buyer of the transactions contemplated hereby will not (i) result in a violation of the organizational documents of such Buyer, or (ii) conflict with, or constitute a default (or an event which with notice or lapse of time or both would become a default) under, or give to others any rights of termination, amendment, acceleration or cancellation of, any agreement, indenture or instrument to which such Buyer is a party or (iii) result in a violation of any law, rule, regulation, order, judgment or decree (including federal and state securities laws) applicable to such Buyer, except, in the case of clauses (ii) and (iii) above, for such conflicts, defaults, rights or violations which could not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on the ability of such Buyer to perform its obligations hereunder.
 
(d)           Acknowledgement of Risk . Such Buyer acknowledges and understands that its investment in the Securities involves a significant degree of risk, including, without limitation, (i) the Company remains an early stage business with limited operating history and requires substantial funds in addition to the proceeds from the sale of the Securities; (ii) an investment in the Company is speculative, and only purchasers who can afford the loss of their entire investment should consider investing in the Company and the Securities; (iii) such Buyer may not be able to liquidate its investment; (iv) transferability of the Securities is limited; (v) in the event of a disposition of the Securities, such Buyer could sustain the loss of its entire investment; (vi) the Company has not paid any dividends on its Common Stock since inception and does not anticipate the payment of dividends in the foreseeable future and (vii) those risks set out in the Registration Statement.
 
 (e)           Acknowledgements Regarding Placement Agent . Such Buyer acknowledges that the Lead Placement Agent and Co-Lead Placement Agent are the exclusive placement agents on a “best efforts” basis for the Securities being offered hereby and will be compensated by the Company for acting in such capacity. Such Buyer represents that such Buyer was contacted regarding the sale of the Securities by the Lead Placement Agent or the Co-Lead Placement Agent (or an authorized agent or representative of one of them) with whom such Buyer had a substantial pre-existing relationship and who entered into a confidentiality agreement or otherwise agreed, orally or in writing, to keep information with respect to the transactions contemplated hereby confidential.
 
(f)            Review of Registration Statement and SEC Documents . Such Buyer has had the opportunity to review the Registration Statement and is aware of the disclosures set out therein. Such Buyer has had the opportunity to review the SEC Documents (as defined herein).
 
 
3.
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE COMPANY.
 
As of the date hereof and as of the Closing Date, the Company represents and warrants to each of the Buyers that, except as set out in the Registration Statement and the SEC Documents,:
 
(a)           Organization and Qualification . Each of the Company and each of its Subsidiaries are entities duly organized and validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction in which they are formed, and have the requisite power and authority to own their properties and to carry on their business as now being conducted and as presently proposed to be conducted. Each of the Company and each of its Subsidiaries is duly qualified as a foreign entity to do business and is in good standing in every jurisdiction in which its ownership of property or the nature of the business conducted by it makes such qualification necessary, except to the extent that the failure to be so qualified or be in good standing would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect (as defined below). As used in this Agreement, “ Material Adverse Effect ” means any material adverse effect on (i) the business, properties, assets, liabilities, operations (including results thereof), condition (financial or otherwise) or prospects of the Company or any Subsidiary, individually or taken as a whole, (ii) the transactions contemplated hereby or in any of the other Transaction Documents or any other agreements or instruments to be entered into in connection herewith or therewith or (iii) the authority or ability of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to perform any of their respective obligations under any of the Transaction Documents (as defined below). Other than the Persons (as defined below) set forth in Exhibit 21.1 to the Registration Statement, the Company has no Subsidiaries. “ Subsidiaries ” means any Person in which the Company, directly or indirectly, (A) owns any of the outstanding capital stock or holds any equity or similar interest of such Person or (B) controls or operates all or any part of the business, operations or administration of such Person, and each of the foregoing, is individually referred to herein as a “ Subsidiary ”.
 
(b)           Authorization; Enforcement; Validity . The Company has the requisite power and authority to enter into and perform its obligations under this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents and to issue the Securities in accordance with the terms hereof and thereof. The execution and delivery of this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents by the Company and the consummation by the Company of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby (including, without limitation, the issuance of the Common Shares, the issuance of the Warrants and the reservation for issuance and issuance of the Warrant Shares issuable upon exercise of the Warrants) have been duly authorized by the Company’s board of directors and (other than the filing with the SEC of the prospectus forming part of the Registration Statement pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the 1933 Act (as amended or supplemented, from time to time, the “ Prospectus ”) and any other filings as may be required by any state securities agencies) no further filing, consent or authorization is required by the Company, its board of directors or its stockholders or other governing body. This Agreement has been, and the other Transaction Documents will be prior to the Closing, duly executed and delivered by the Company, and each constitutes the legal, valid and binding obligations of the Company, enforceable against the Company in accordance with its respective terms, except as such enforceability may be limited by general principles of equity or applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium, liquidation or similar laws relating to, or affecting generally, the enforcement of applicable creditors’ rights and remedies and except as rights to indemnification and to contribution may be limited by federal or state securities law. “ Transaction Documents ” means, collectively, this Agreement, the Warrants, the Irrevocable Transfer Agent Instructions (as defined below) and each of the other agreements and instruments entered into or delivered by any of the parties hereto in connection with the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby, as may be amended from time to time.
 
 (c)           Issuance of Securities; Registration Statement . The issuance of the Common Shares and the Warrants are duly authorized and, upon issuance and payment in accordance with the terms of the Transaction Documents shall be validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable and free from all preemptive or similar rights, mortgages, defects, claims, liens, pledges, charges, taxes, rights of first refusal, encumbrances, security interests and other encumbrances (collectively “ Liens ”) with respect to the issuance thereof. As of the Closing, the Company shall have reserved from its duly authorized capital stock not less than 100% of the maximum number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the Warrants (without taking into account any limitations on the exercise of the Warrants set forth in the Warrants). Upon exercise in accordance with the Warrants, the Warrant Shares, when issued, will be validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable and free from all preemptive or similar rights or Liens with respect to the issue thereof, with the holders being entitled to all rights accorded to a holder of Common Stock. The issuance by the Company of the Securities has been registered under the 1933 Act, the Securities are being issued pursuant to the Registration Statement and all of the Securities are freely transferable and freely tradable by each of the Buyers without restriction (except as otherwise set forth in this Agreement), whether by way of registration or some exemption therefrom. The Registration Statement is effective and available for the issuance of the Securities thereunder and the Company has not received any notice that the SEC has issued or intends to issue a stop-order with respect to the Registration Statement or that the SEC otherwise has suspended or withdrawn the effectiveness of the Registration Statement, either temporarily or permanently, or intends or has threatened in writing to do so. The “Plan of Distribution” section under the Registration Statement permits the issuance and sale of the Securities hereunder and as contemplated by the other Transaction Documents. Upon receipt of the Securities, each of the Buyers will have good and marketable title to the Securities. The Registration Statement and any prospectus included therein, including the Prospectus, complied in all material respects with the requirements of the 1933 Act and the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “ 1934 Act ”) and the rules and regulations of the SEC promulgated thereunder and all other applicable laws and regulations. At the time the Registration Statement and any amendments thereto became effective, at the date of this Agreement and at each deemed effective date thereof pursuant to Rule 430B(f)(2) of the 1933 Act, the Registration Statement and any amendments thereto complied and will comply in all material respects with the requirements of the 1933 Act and did not and will not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading. The Prospectus and any amendments or supplements thereto, at the time the Prospectus or any amendment or supplement thereto was issued and at the Closing Date, complied, and will comply, in all material respects with the requirements of the 1933 Act and did not, and will not, contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. The Company meets all of the requirements for the use of Form S-1 under the 1933 Act for the offering and sale of the Securities contemplated by this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents, and the SEC has not notified the Company of any objection to the use of the form of the Registration Statement pursuant to Rule 401(g)(1) under the 1933 Act. At the earliest time after the filing of the Registration Statement that the Company or another offering participant made a bona fide offer (within the meaning of Rule 164(h)(2) under the 1933 Act) relating to any of the Securities, the Company was not and is not an “Ineligible Issuer” (as defined in Rule 405 under the 1933 Act). The Company (i) has not distributed any offering material in connection with the offer or sale of any of the Securities and (ii) until no Buyer holds any of the Securities, shall not distribute any offering material in connection with the offer or sale of any of the Securities to, or by, any of the Buyers (if required), in each case, other than the Registration Statement or the Prospectus.
 
 
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 (d)           No Conflicts . The execution, delivery and performance of the Transaction Documents by the Company and the consummation by the Company of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby (including, without limitation, the issuance of the Common Shares, the Warrants and the Warrant Shares and the reservation for issuance of the Warrant Shares) will not (i) result in a violation of the Articles of Incorporation (as defined below) (including, without limitation, any certificate of designation contained therein), By-Laws (as defined below), certificate of formation, memorandum of association, articles of association, by-laws or other organizational documents of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or any capital stock or other securities of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, (ii) conflict with, or constitute a default (or an event which with notice or lapse of time or both would become a default) in any respect under, or give to others any rights of termination, amendment, acceleration or cancellation of, any agreement, indenture or instrument to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a party, or (iii) result in a violation of any law, rule, regulation, order, judgment or decree (including, without limitation, foreign, federal and state securities laws and regulations and the rules and regulations of the OTCQB (the “ Principal Market ”) and including all applicable foreign, federal and state laws, rules and regulations applicable to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or by which any property or asset of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is bound or affected.
 
(e)           Consents . The Company is not required to obtain any consent from, authorization or order of, or make any filing or registration with (other than the filing with the SEC of the Registration Statement, the Prospectus and any other filings as may be required by any state securities agencies and such filings as are required by the Principal Market), any Governmental Entity (as defined below) or any regulatory or self-regulatory agency or any other Person in order for it to execute, deliver or perform any of its obligations under or contemplated by the Transaction Documents, in each case, in accordance with the terms hereof or thereof. All consents, authorizations, orders, filings and registrations which the Company is required to obtain pursuant to the preceding sentence have been or will be obtained or effected on or prior to the Closing Date, and the Company is not aware of any facts or circumstances which might prevent the Company from obtaining or effecting any of the registration, application or filings contemplated by the Transaction Documents. Except as set forth in the SEC Documents (as defined herein), the Company is not in violation of the requirements of the Principal Market and has no knowledge of any facts or circumstances which could reasonably lead to delisting or suspension of the Common Stock in the foreseeable future. “ Governmental Entity ” means any nation, state, county, city, town, village, district, or other political jurisdiction of any nature, federal, state, local, municipal, foreign, or other government, governmental or quasi-governmental authority of any nature (including any governmental agency, branch, department, official, or entity and any court or other tribunal), multi-national organization or body; or body exercising, or entitled to exercise, any administrative, executive, judicial, legislative, police, regulatory, or taxing authority or power of any nature or instrumentality of any of the foregoing, including any entity or enterprise owned or controlled by a government or a public international organization or any of the foregoing.
 
 (f)            Acknowledgment Regarding Buyer’s Purchase of Securities . The Company acknowledges and agrees that each Buyer is acting solely in the capacity of an arm’s length purchaser with respect to the Transaction Documents and the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby and that no Buyer is (i) an officer or director of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, (ii) an “affiliate” (as defined in Rule 144 promulgated under the 1933 Act (or a successor rule thereto) (collectively, “ Rule 144 ”)) of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or (iii) to its knowledge, a “beneficial owner” of more than 10% of the shares of Common Stock (as defined for purposes of Rule 13d-3 of the 1934 Act). The Company further acknowledges that no Buyer is acting as a financial advisor or fiduciary of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries (or in any similar capacity) with respect to the Transaction Documents and the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby, and any advice given by a Buyer or any of its representatives or agents in connection with the Transaction Documents and the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby is merely incidental to such Buyer’s purchase of the Securities. The Company further represents to each Buyer that the Company’s decision to enter into the Transaction Documents has been based solely on the independent evaluation by the Company and its representatives.
 
(g)           Placement Agent’s Fees . The Company shall be responsible for the payment of any placement agent’s fees, financial advisory fees, or brokers’ commissions (other than for Persons engaged by any Buyer or its investment advisor) relating to or arising out of the transactions contemplated hereby, including, without limitation, placement agent fees payable to the Lead Placement Agent and Co-Lead Placement Agent in accordance with the Placement Agent Agreement. The Company shall pay, and hold each Buyer harmless against, any liability, loss or expense (including, without limitation, attorney's fees and out-of-pocket expenses) arising in connection with any such claim. The Company acknowledges that it has engaged the Lead Placement Agent and Co-Lead Placement Agent in connection with the sale of the Securities. Other than the Lead Placement Agent and the Co-Lead Placement Agent, neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has engaged any placement agent or other agent in connection with the offer or sale of the Securities.
 
(h)           No Integrated Offering . None of the Company, its Subsidiaries or any of their affiliates, nor any Person acting on their behalf has, directly or indirectly, made any offers or sales of any security or solicited any offers to buy any security, under circumstances that would cause this offering of the Securities to require approval of stockholders of the Company under any applicable stockholder approval provisions, including, without limitation, under the rules and regulations of any exchange or automated quotation system on which any of the securities of the Company are listed or designated for quotation. None of the Company, its Subsidiaries, their affiliates nor any Person acting on their behalf will take any action or steps that would cause the offering of any of the Securities to be integrated with other offerings of securities of the Company.
 
 (i)            Application of Takeover Protections; Rights Agreement . The Company and its board of directors have taken all necessary action, if any, in order to render inapplicable any control share acquisition, interested stockholder, business combination, poison pill (including, without limitation, any distribution under a rights agreement), stockholder rights plan or other similar anti-takeover provision under the Articles of Incorporation, By-laws or other organizational documents or the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation or otherwise which is or could become applicable to any Buyer as a result of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, including, without limitation, the Company’s issuance of the Securities and any Buyer’s ownership of the Securities. The Company and its board of directors have taken all necessary action, if any, in order to render inapplicable any stockholder rights plan or similar arrangement relating to accumulations of beneficial ownership of shares of Common Stock or a change in control of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.
 
(j)            SEC Documents; Financial Statements . During the two (2) years prior to the date hereof, the Company has timely filed all periodic reports, schedules, forms, proxy statements, statements and other documents required to be filed by it with the SEC pursuant to the reporting requirements of the 1934 Act, provided that the Company has filed all current reports required to be filed by it with the SEC during the two (2) years prior to the date hereof, but that some of such periodic reports were not filed on a timely basis (all of the foregoing filed prior to the date hereof and all exhibits and appendices included therein and financial statements, notes and schedules thereto and documents incorporated by reference therein being hereinafter referred to as the “ SEC Documents ”). The Company has delivered or has made available to the Buyers or their respective representatives true, correct and complete copies of each of the SEC Documents not available on the EDGAR system. As of their respective dates, the SEC Documents complied in all material respects with the requirements of the 1934 Act and the rules and regulations of the SEC promulgated thereunder applicable to the SEC Documents, and none of the SEC Documents, at the time they were filed with the SEC, contained any untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. As of their respective dates, the financial statements of the Company included in the SEC Documents complied in all material respects with applicable accounting requirements and the published rules and regulations of the SEC with respect thereto as in effect as of the time of filing. Such financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles (“ GAAP ”), consistently applied, during the periods involved (except (i) as may be otherwise indicated in such financial statements or the notes thereto, or (ii) in the case of unaudited interim statements, to the extent they may exclude footnotes or may be condensed or summary statements) and fairly present in all material respects the financial position of the Company as of the dates thereof and the results of its operations and cash flows for the periods then ended (subject, in the case of unaudited statements, to normal year-end audit adjustments which will not be material, either individually or in the aggregate). The reserves, if any, established by the Company or the lack of reserves, if applicable, are reasonable based upon facts and circumstances known by the Company on the date hereof and there are no loss contingencies that are required to be accrued by the Statement of Financial Accounting Standard No. 5 of the Financial Accounting Standards Board which are not provided for by the Company in its financial statements or otherwise. No other information provided by or on behalf of the Company to any of the Buyers which is not included in the SEC Documents (including, without limitation, information in the disclosure schedules to this Agreement) contains any untrue statement of a material fact or omits to state any material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein not misleading, in the light of the circumstance under which they are or were made. The Company is not currently contemplating to amend or restate any of the financial statements (including, without limitation, any notes or any letter of the independent accountants of the Company with respect thereto) included in the SEC Documents (the “ Financial Statements ”), nor is the Company currently aware of facts or circumstances which would require the Company to amend or restate any of the Financial Statements, in each case, in order for any of the Financials Statements to be in compliance with GAAP and the rules and regulations of the SEC. The Company has not been informed by its independent accountants that they recommend that the Company amend or restate any of the Financial Statements or that there is any need for the Company to amend or restate any of the Financial Statements.
 
 (k)           Absence of Certain Changes . Since the date of the Company’s most recent audited financial statements contained in a Form 10-K, there has been no material adverse change and no material adverse development in the business, assets, liabilities, properties, operations (including results thereof), condition (financial or otherwise) or prospects of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries. Since the date of the Company’s most recent audited financial statements contained in a Form 10-K, neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has (i) declared or paid any dividends, (ii) sold any assets, individually or in the aggregate, outside of the ordinary course of business or (iii) made any capital expenditures, individually or in the aggregate, outside of the ordinary course of business. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has taken any steps to seek protection pursuant to any law or statute relating to bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, receivership, liquidation or winding up, nor does the Company or any Subsidiary have any knowledge or reason to believe that any of their respective creditors intend to initiate involuntary bankruptcy proceedings or any actual knowledge of any fact which would reasonably lead a creditor to do so. The Company and its Subsidiaries, on a consolidated basis, upon receipt of proceeds from this offering, will not be Insolvent (as defined below). For purposes of this Section 3(k), “ Insolvent ” means, (i) with respect to the Company and its Subsidiaries, on a consolidated basis, (A) the present fair saleable value of the Company’s and its Subsidiaries’ assets is less than the amount required to pay the Company’s and its Subsidiaries’ total Indebtedness (as defined below), (B) the Company and its Subsidiaries are unable to pay their debts and liabilities, subordinated, contingent or otherwise, as such debts and liabilities become absolute and matured or (C) the Company and its Subsidiaries intend to incur or believe that they will incur debts that would be beyond their ability to pay as such debts mature; and (ii) with respect to the Company and each Subsidiary, individually, (A) the present fair saleable value of the Company’s or such Subsidiary’s (as the case may be) assets is less than the amount required to pay its respective total Indebtedness, (B) the Company or such Subsidiary (as the case may be) is unable to pay its respective debts and liabilities, subordinated, contingent or otherwise, as such debts and liabilities become absolute and matured or (C) the Company or such Subsidiary (as the case may be) intends to incur or believes that it will incur debts that would be beyond its respective ability to pay as such debts mature. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has engaged in any business or in any transaction, and is not about to engage in any business or in any transaction, for which the Company’s or such Subsidiary’s remaining assets constitute unreasonably small capital with which to conduct the business in which it is engaged as such business is now conducted and is proposed to be conducted.
 
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(l)            No Undisclosed Events, Liabilities, Developments or Circumstances . No event, liability, development or circumstance has occurred or exists, or is reasonably expected to exist or occur with respect to the Company, any of its Subsidiaries or any of their respective businesses, properties, liabilities, prospects, operations (including results thereof) or condition (financial or otherwise), that (i) would be required to be disclosed by the Company under applicable securities laws on a registration statement on Form S-1 filed with the SEC relating to an issuance and sale by the Company of its Common Stock and which has not been publicly announced, (ii) could have a material adverse effect on any Buyer’s investment hereunder or (iii) could have a Material Adverse Effect.
 
(m)          Conduct of Business; Regulatory Permits . Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is in violation of any term of or in default under its Articles of Incorporation or By-laws or their organizational charter, certificate of formation, memorandum of association, articles of association, Articles of Incorporation or certificate of incorporation or by-laws, respectively. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is in violation of any judgment, decree or order or any statute, ordinance, rule or regulation applicable to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, and neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries will conduct its business in violation of any of the foregoing, except in all cases for possible violations which could not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect. Except as set forth in the SEC Documents, without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Company is not in violation of any of the rules, regulations or requirements of the Principal Market and has no knowledge of any facts or circumstances that could reasonably lead to delisting or suspension of the Common Stock by the Principal Market in the foreseeable future. Except as set forth in the SEC Documents, during the two years prior to the date hereof, (i) the Common Stock has been listed or designated for quotation on the Principal Market, (ii) trading in the Common Stock has not been suspended by the SEC or the Principal Market and (iii) the Company has received no communication, written or oral, from the SEC or the Principal Market regarding the suspension or delisting of the Common Stock from the Principal Market. The Company and each of its Subsidiaries possess all certificates, authorizations and permits issued by the appropriate regulatory authorities necessary to conduct their respective businesses, except where the failure to possess such certificates, authorizations or permits would not have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect, and neither the Company nor any such Subsidiary has received any notice of proceedings relating to the revocation or modification of any such certificate, authorization or permit. There is no agreement, commitment, judgment, injunction, order or decree binding upon the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a party which has or would reasonably be expected to have the effect of prohibiting or materially impairing any business practice of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, any acquisition of property by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or the conduct of business by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries as currently conducted other than such effects, individually or in the aggregate, which have not had and would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect on the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.
 
(n)               Foreign Corrupt Practices . Neither the Company, the Company’s subsidiary or any director, officer, agent, employee, nor any other person acting for or on behalf of the foregoing (individually and collectively, a “ Company Affiliate ”) have violated the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (the “ FCPA ”) or any other applicable anti-bribery or anti-corruption laws, nor has any Company Affiliate offered, paid, promised to pay, or authorized the payment of any money, or offered, given, promised to give, or authorized the giving of anything of value, to any officer, employee or any other person acting in an official capacity for any Governmental Entity to any political party or official thereof or to any candidate for political office (individually and collectively, a “ Government Official ”) or to any person under circumstances where such Company Affiliate knew or was aware of a high probability that all or a portion of such money or thing of value would be offered, given or promised, directly or indirectly, to any Government Official, for the purpose of:
 
(i)                 (A) influencing any act or decision of such Government Official in his/her official capacity, (B) inducing such Government Official to do or omit to do any act in violation of his/her lawful duty, (C) securing any improper advantage, or (D) inducing such Government Official to influence or affect any act or decision of any Governmental Entity, or
 
(ii)               assisting the Company or its Subsidiaries in obtaining or retaining business for or with, or directing business to, the Company or its Subsidiaries.
 
(o)               Sarbanes-Oxley Act . The Company and each Subsidiary is in compliance with any and all applicable requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, as amended, and any and all applicable rules and regulations promulgated by the SEC thereunder.
 
(p)               Transactions With Affiliates . Except as set forth in the Registration Statement, since January 1, 2016, no current or former employee, partner, director, officer or stockholder (direct or indirect) of the Company or its Subsidiaries, or any associate, or, to the knowledge of the Company, any affiliate of any thereof, or any relative with a relationship no more remote than first cousin of any of the foregoing, is presently, or has ever been, (i) a party to any transaction with the Company or its Subsidiaries (including any contract, agreement or other arrangement providing for the furnishing of services by, or rental of real or personal property from, or otherwise requiring payments to, any such director, officer or stockholder or such associate or affiliate or relative Subsidiaries (other than for ordinary course services as employees, officers or directors of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries)) or (ii) the direct or indirect owner of an interest in any corporation, firm, association or business organization which is a competitor, supplier or customer of the Company or its Subsidiaries (except for a passive investment (direct or indirect) in less than 5% of the common stock of a company whose securities are traded on or quoted through a Trading Market (as defined below)), nor does any such Person receive income from any source other than the Company or its Subsidiaries which relates to the business of the Company or its Subsidiaries or should properly accrue to the Company or its Subsidiaries. Except as set forth in the Registration Statement, no employee, officer, stockholder or director of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or member of his or her immediate family is indebted to the Company or its Subsidiaries, as the case may be, nor is the Company or any of its Subsidiaries indebted (or committed to make loans or extend or guarantee credit) to any of them, other than (i) for payment of salary for services rendered, (ii) reimbursement for reasonable expenses incurred on behalf of the Company, and (iii) for other standard employee benefits made generally available to all employees or executives (including stock option agreements outstanding under any stock option plan approved by the Board of Directors of the Company).
 
(q)           Equity Capitalization .
 
(i)             Definitions
 
Common Stock ” means (x) the Company’s shares of common stock, $0.001 par value per share, and (y) any capital stock into which such common stock shall have been changed or any share capital resulting from a reclassification of such common stock.
 
(ii)            Authorized and Outstanding Capital Stock . As of the date hereof, the authorized capital stock of the Company consists of (A) 250,000,000 shares of Common Stock, of which, [ ] are issued and outstanding and [ ] shares are reserved for issuance pursuant to Convertible Securities (as defined below) (other than the Common Shares and the Warrants) exercisable or exchangeable for, or convertible into, shares of Common Stock. “ Convertible Securities ” means any capital stock or other security of the Company that is at any time and under any circumstances directly or indirectly convertible into, exercisable or exchangeable for, or which otherwise entitles the holder thereof to acquire, any capital stock or other security of the Company (including, without limitation, Common Stock).
 
(iii)           Valid Issuance; Available Shares; Affiliates . All of such outstanding shares are duly authorized and have been, or upon issuance will be, validly issued and are fully paid and nonassessable. The Registration Statement sets forth the number of shares of Common Stock that are (A) reserved for issuance pursuant to Convertible Securities (as defined below) (other than the Warrants) and (B) that are, as of the date hereof, owned by Persons who are “affiliates” (as defined in Rule 405 of the 1933 Act and calculated based on the assumption that only officers, directors and holders of at least 10% of the Company’s issued and outstanding Common Stock are “affiliates” without conceding that any such Persons are “affiliates” for purposes of federal securities laws) of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries. To the Company’s knowledge, no Person owns 10% or more of the Company’s issued and outstanding shares of Common Stock (calculated based on the assumption that all Convertible Securities (as defined below), whether or not presently exercisable or convertible, have been fully exercised or converted (as the case may be) taking account of any limitations on exercise or conversion (including “blockers”) contained therein without conceding that such identified Person is a 10% stockholder for purposes of federal securities laws).
 
 
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(iv)           Existing Securities; Obligations . Except as set forth in the Registration Statement: (A) none of the Company’s or any Subsidiary’s shares, interests or capital stock is subject to preemptive rights or any other similar rights or Liens suffered or permitted by the Company or any Subsidiary; (B) there are no outstanding options, warrants, scrip, rights to subscribe to, calls or commitments of any character whatsoever relating to, or securities or rights convertible into, or exercisable or exchangeable for, any shares, interests or capital stock of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or contracts, commitments, understandings or arrangements by which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is or may become bound to issue additional shares, interests or capital stock of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or options, warrants, scrip, rights to subscribe to, calls or commitments of any character whatsoever relating to, or securities or rights convertible into, or exercisable or exchangeable for, any shares, interests or capital stock of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries; (C) there are no agreements or arrangements under which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is obligated to register the sale of any of their securities under the 1933 Act (except pursuant to this Agreement); (D) there are no outstanding securities or instruments of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries which contain any redemption or similar provisions, and there are no contracts, commitments, understandings or arrangements by which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is or may become bound to redeem a security of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries; (E) there are no securities or instruments containing anti-dilution or similar provisions that will be triggered by the issuance of the Securities; and (F) neither the Company nor any Subsidiary has any stock appreciation rights or “phantom stock” plans or agreements or any similar plan or agreement.
 
(v)            Organizational Documents . The Company has submitted to the SEC true, correct and complete copies of the Company’s Articles of Incorporation, as amended and as in effect on the date hereof (the “ Articles of Incorporation ”), and the Company’s by-laws, as amended and as in effect on the date hereof (the “ By-laws ”), and the terms of all Convertible Securities and the material rights of the holders thereof in respect thereto, and the Buyer’s may access such documents and terms through the SEC’s EDGAR database.
 
(r)            Indebtedness and Other Contracts . Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries, (i) except as set forth in the Registration Statement, has any outstanding debt securities, notes, credit agreements, credit facilities or other agreements, documents or instruments evidencing Indebtedness of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or by which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is or may become bound, (ii) is a party to any contract, agreement or instrument, the violation of which, or default under which, by the other party(ies) to such contract, agreement or instrument could reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect, (iii) has any financing statements securing obligations in any amounts filed in connection with the Company or any of its Subsidiaries; (iv) is in violation of any term of, or in default under, any contract, agreement or instrument relating to any Indebtedness, except where such violations and defaults would not result, individually or in the aggregate, in a Material Adverse Effect, or (v) is a party to any contract, agreement or instrument relating to any Indebtedness, the performance of which, in the judgment of the Company’s officers, has or is expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries have any liabilities or obligations required to be disclosed in the SEC Documents which are not so disclosed in the SEC Documents, other than those incurred in the ordinary course of the Company’s or its Subsidiaries’ respective businesses and which, individually or in the aggregate, do not or could not have a Material Adverse Effect. For purposes of this Agreement: (x) “ Indebtedness ” of any Person means, without duplication (A) all indebtedness for borrowed money, (B) all obligations issued, undertaken or assumed as the deferred purchase price of property or services (including, without limitation, “capital leases” in accordance with GAAP) (other than trade payables entered into in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice), (C) all reimbursement or payment obligations with respect to letters of credit, surety bonds and other similar instruments, (D) all obligations evidenced by notes, bonds, debentures or similar instruments, including obligations so evidenced incurred in connection with the acquisition of property, assets or businesses, (E) all indebtedness created or arising under any conditional sale or other title retention agreement, or incurred as financing, in either case with respect to any property or assets acquired with the proceeds of such indebtedness (even though the rights and remedies of the seller or bank under such agreement in the event of default are limited to repossession or sale of such property), (F) all monetary obligations under any leasing or similar arrangement which, in connection with GAAP, consistently applied for the periods covered thereby, is classified as a capital lease, (G) all indebtedness referred to in clauses (A) through (F) above secured by (or for which the holder of such Indebtedness has an existing right, contingent or otherwise, to be secured by) any Lien upon or in any property or assets (including accounts and contract rights) owned by any Person, even though the Person which owns such assets or property has not assumed or become liable for the payment of such indebtedness, and (H) all Contingent Obligations in respect of indebtedness or obligations of others of the kinds referred to in clauses (A) through (G) above; (y) “ Contingent Obligation ” means, as to any Person, any direct or indirect liability, contingent or otherwise, of that Person with respect to any Indebtedness, lease, dividend or other obligation of another Person if the primary purpose or intent of the Person incurring such liability, or the primary effect thereof, is to provide assurance to the obligee of such liability that such liability will be paid or discharged, or that any agreements relating thereto will be complied with, or that the holders of such liability will be protected (in whole or in part) against loss with respect thereto; and (z) “ Person ” means an individual, a limited liability company, a partnership, a joint venture, a corporation, a trust, an unincorporated organization, any other entity and any Governmental Entity or any department or agency thereof.
 
(s)           Litigation . There is no action, suit, arbitration, proceeding, inquiry or investigation before or by the Principal Market, any court, public board, other Governmental Entity, self-regulatory organization or body pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened against or affecting the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, the Common Stock or any of the Company’s or its Subsidiaries’ officers or directors, whether of a civil or criminal nature or otherwise, in their capacities as such, except as set forth in the Registration Statement. No director, officer or employee of the Company or any of its subsidiaries has willfully violated 18 U.S.C. §1519 or engaged in spoliation in reasonable anticipation of litigation. Without limitation of the foregoing, there has not been, and to the knowledge of the Company, there is not pending or contemplated, any investigation by the SEC involving the Company, any of its Subsidiaries or any current or former director or officer of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries. The SEC has not issued any stop order or other order suspending the effectiveness of any registration statement filed by the Company under the 1933 Act or the 1934 Act, including, without limitation, the Registration Statement. After reasonable inquiry of its employees, the Company is not aware of any fact which might result in or form the basis for any such action, suit, arbitration, investigation, inquiry or other proceeding. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is subject to any order, writ, judgment, injunction, decree, determination or award of any Governmental Entity.
 
(t)            Insurance . The Company and each of its Subsidiaries are insured by insurers of recognized financial responsibility against such losses and risks and in such amounts as management of the Company believes to be prudent and customary in the businesses in which the Company and its Subsidiaries are engaged. Neither the Company nor any such Subsidiary has been refused any insurance coverage sought or applied for, and neither the Company nor any such Subsidiary has any reason to believe that it will be unable to renew its existing insurance coverage as and when such coverage expires or to obtain similar coverage from similar insurers as may be necessary to continue its business at a cost that would not have a Material Adverse Effect.
 
(u)           Employee Relations . Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is a party to any collective bargaining agreement or employs any member of a union. The Company and its Subsidiaries believe that their relations with their employees are good. No executive officer (as defined in Rule 501(f) promulgated under the 1933 Act) or other key employee of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has notified the Company or any such Subsidiary that such officer intends to leave the Company or any such Subsidiary or otherwise terminate such officer’s employment with the Company or any such Subsidiary. No executive officer or other key employee of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is, or is now expected to be, in violation of any material term of any employment contract, confidentiality, disclosure or proprietary information agreement, non-competition agreement, or any other contract or agreement or any restrictive covenant, and the continued employment of each such executive officer or other key employee (as the case may be) does not subject the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to any liability with respect to any of the foregoing matters. The Company and its Subsidiaries are in compliance with all federal, state, local and foreign laws and regulations respecting labor, employment and employment practices and benefits, terms and conditions of employment and wages and hours, except where failure to be in compliance would not, either individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.
 
(v)           Title .
 
(i)             Real Property . Each of the Company and its Subsidiaries holds good title to all real property, leases in real property, facilities or other interests in real property owned or held by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries (the “ Real Property ”) owned by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries (as applicable). The Real Property is free and clear of all Liens and is not subject to any rights of way, building use restrictions, exceptions, variances, reservations, or limitations of any nature except for (a) Liens for current taxes not yet due and (b) zoning laws and other land use restrictions that do not impair the present or anticipated use of the property subject thereto. Any Real Property held under lease by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries are held by them under valid, subsisting and enforceable leases with such exceptions as are not material and do not interfere with the use made and proposed to be made of such property and buildings by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.
 
(ii)            Fixtures and Equipment . Each of the Company and its Subsidiaries (as applicable) has good title to, or a valid leasehold interest in, the tangible personal property, equipment, improvements, fixtures, and other personal property and appurtenances that are used by the Company or its Subsidiary in connection with the conduct of its business (the “ Fixtures and Equipment ”). The Fixtures and Equipment are structurally sound, are in good operating condition and repair, are adequate for the uses to which they are being put, are not in need of maintenance or repairs except for ordinary, routine maintenance and repairs and are sufficient for the conduct of the Company’s and/or its Subsidiaries’ businesses (as applicable) in the manner as conducted prior to the Closing. Each of the Company and its Subsidiaries owns all of its Fixtures and Equipment free and clear of all Liens except for (a) Liens for current taxes not yet due and (b) zoning laws and other land use restrictions that do not impair the present or anticipated use of the property subject thereto.
 
 
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(w)          Intellectual Property Rights . The Company and its Subsidiaries own or possess adequate rights or licenses to use all trademarks, trade names, service marks, service mark registrations, service names, original works of authorship, patents, patent rights, copyrights, inventions, licenses, approvals, governmental authorizations, trade secrets and other intellectual property rights and all applications and registrations therefor (“ Intellectual Property Rights ”) necessary to conduct their respective businesses as now conducted and presently proposed to be conducted. Each of patents owned by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is listed in the Registration Statement. Except as set forth in the Registration Statement, none of the Company's Intellectual Property Rights have expired or terminated or have been abandoned or are expected to expire or terminate or are expected to be abandoned, within three years from the date of this Agreement. The Company does not have any knowledge of any infringement by the Company or its Subsidiaries of Intellectual Property Rights of others. There is no claim, action or proceeding being made or brought, or to the knowledge of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, being threatened, against the Company or any of its Subsidiaries regarding its Intellectual Property Rights. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is aware of any facts or circumstances which might give rise to any of the foregoing infringements or claims, actions or proceedings. The Company and its Subsidiaries have taken reasonable security measures to protect the secrecy, confidentiality and value of all of their Intellectual Property Rights.
 
(x)            Environmental Laws . (i) The Company and its Subsidiaries (A) are in compliance with any and all Environmental Laws (as defined below), (B) have received all permits, licenses or other approvals required of them under applicable Environmental Laws to conduct their respective businesses and (C) are in compliance with all terms and conditions of any such permit, license or approval where, in each of the foregoing clauses (A), (B) and (C), the failure to so comply could be reasonably expected to have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect. The term “Environmental Laws” means all federal, state, local or foreign laws relating to pollution or protection of human health or the environment (including, without limitation, ambient air, surface water, groundwater, land surface or subsurface strata), including, without limitation, laws relating to emissions, discharges, releases or threatened releases of chemicals, pollutants, contaminants, or toxic or hazardous substances or wastes (collectively, “ Hazardous Materials ”) into the environment, or otherwise relating to the manufacture, processing, distribution, use, treatment, storage, disposal, transport or handling of Hazardous Materials, as well as all authorizations, codes, decrees, demands or demand letters, injunctions, judgments, licenses, notices or notice letters, orders, permits, plans or regulations issued, entered, promulgated or approved thereunder.
 
(ii)            No Hazardous Materials :
 
(A)       have been disposed of or otherwise released from any Real Property (as defined below) of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries in violation of any Environmental Laws; or
 
(B)       are present on, over, beneath, in or upon any Real Property or any portion thereof in quantities that would constitute a violation of any Environmental Laws. No prior use by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries of any Real Property has occurred that violates any Environmental Laws, which violation would have a material adverse effect on the business of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.
 
(iii)          Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries knows of any other person who or entity which has stored, treated, recycled, disposed of or otherwise located any Hazardous Materials on any Real Property, including, without limitation, such substances as asbestos and polychlorinated biphenyls.
 
(iv)         None of the Real Properties are on any federal or state “Superfund” list or Liability Information System (“ CERCLIS ”) list or any state environmental agency list of sites under consideration for CERCLIS, nor subject to any environmental related Liens.
 
(y)           Subsidiary Rights . The Company or one of its Subsidiaries has the unrestricted right to vote, and (subject to limitations imposed by applicable law) to receive dividends and distributions on, all capital securities of its Subsidiaries as owned by the Company or such Subsidiary.
 
(z)            Tax Status . The Company and each of its Subsidiaries (i) has timely made or filed all foreign, federal and state income and all other tax returns, reports and declarations required by any jurisdiction to which it is subject, (ii) has timely paid all taxes and other governmental assessments and charges that are material in amount, shown or determined to be due on such returns, reports and declarations, except those being contested in good faith and (iii) has set aside on its books provision reasonably adequate for the payment of all taxes for periods subsequent to the periods to which such returns, reports or declarations apply. There are no unpaid taxes in any material amount claimed to be due by the taxing authority of any jurisdiction, and the officers of the Company and its Subsidiaries know of no basis for any such claim. The Company is not operated in such a manner as to qualify as a passive foreign investment company, as defined in Section 1297 of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “ Code ”). The net operating loss carryforwards (“ NOLs ”) for United States federal income tax purposes of the consolidated group of which the Company is the common parent, if any, shall not be adversely effected by the transactions contemplated hereby. The transactions contemplated hereby do not constitute an “ownership change” within the meaning of Section 382 of the Code, thereby preserving the Company’s ability to utilize such NOLs.
 
(aa)         Internal Accounting and Disclosure Controls . The Company’s statement in its Annual Report on Form 10-k for the year ended November 30, 2016 that its internal control over financial reporting was ineffective has not been revised. The Company’s statement in its Quarterly Report on Form 10-q for the period ended August 31, 2017 that its disclosure controls and procedures were ineffective has not been revised. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has received any notice or correspondence from any accountant, Governmental Entity or other Person relating to any potential material weakness or significant deficiency in any part of the internal controls over financial reporting of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.
 
(bb)        Off Balance Sheet Arrangements . There is no transaction, arrangement, or other relationship between the Company or any of its Subsidiaries and an unconsolidated or other off balance sheet entity that is required to be disclosed by the Company in its 1934 Act filings and is not so disclosed or that otherwise could be reasonably likely to have a Material Adverse Effect.
 
(cc)         Investment Company Status . The Company is not, and upon consummation of the sale of the Securities will not be, an “investment company,” an affiliate of an “investment company,” a company controlled by an “investment company” or an “affiliated person” of, or “promoter” or “principal underwriter” for, an “investment company” as such terms are defined in the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.
 
(dd)        Acknowledgement Regarding Buyers’ Trading Activity . It is understood and acknowledged by the Company that (i) following the public disclosure of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents, in accordance with the terms thereof, none of the Buyers have been asked by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to agree, nor has any Buyer agreed with the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, to desist from effecting any transactions in or with respect to (including, without limitation, purchasing or selling, long and/or short) any securities of the Company, or “derivative” securities based on securities issued by the Company or to hold any of the Securities for any specified term (except as otherwise set forth in this Agreement); (ii) any Buyer, and counterparties in “derivative” transactions to which any such Buyer is a party, directly or indirectly, presently may have a “short” position in the Common Stock which was established prior to such Buyer’s knowledge of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents; and (iii) each Buyer shall not be deemed to have any affiliation with or control over any arm’s length counterparty in any “derivative” transaction. The Company further understands and acknowledges that following the public disclosure of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents pursuant to the Press Release (as defined below) one or more Buyers may engage in hedging and/or trading activities at various times during the period that the Securities are outstanding, including, without limitation, during the periods that the value and/or number of the Warrant Shares deliverable with respect to the Warrants are being determined and such hedging and/or trading activities, if any, can reduce the value of the existing stockholders’ equity interest in the Company both at and after the time the hedging and/or trading activities are being conducted. The Company acknowledges that such aforementioned hedging and/or trading activities do not constitute a breach of this Agreement, the Warrants or any other Transaction Document or any of the documents executed in connection herewith or therewith.
 
 
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(ee)         Manipulation of Price . Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has, and, to the knowledge of the Company, no Person acting on their behalf has, directly or indirectly, (i) taken any action designed to cause or to result in the stabilization or manipulation of the price of any security of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to facilitate the sale or resale of any of the Securities, (ii) sold, bid for, purchased, or paid any compensation for soliciting purchases of, any of the Securities (other than the Lead Placement Agent and the Co-Lead Placement Agent), (iii) paid or agreed to pay to any Person any compensation for soliciting another to purchase any other securities of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or (iv) paid or agreed to pay any Person for research services with respect to any securities of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.
 
(ff)          U.S. Real Property Holding Corporation . Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is, or has ever been, and so long as any of the Securities are held by any of the Buyers, shall become, a U.S. real property holding corporation within the meaning of Section 897 of the Code, and the Company and each Subsidiary shall so certify upon any Buyer’s request.
 
(gg)        Registration Eligibility . The Company is eligible to register the issuance of the Securities by the Company using Form S-1 promulgated under the 1933 Act.
 
(hh)        Transfer Taxes . On the Closing Date, all stock transfer or other taxes (other than income or similar taxes) which are required to be paid in connection with the issuance, sale and transfer of the Common Shares and Warrants to be sold to each Buyer hereunder will be, or will have been, fully paid or provided for by the Company, and all laws imposing such taxes will be or will have been complied with.
 
(ii)           Bank Holding Company Act . Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is subject to the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956, as amended (the “ BHCA ”) and to regulation by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (the “ Federal Reserve ”). Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries or affiliates owns or controls, directly or indirectly, five percent (5%) or more of the outstanding shares of any class of voting securities or twenty-five percent (25%) or more of the total equity of a bank or any entity that is subject to the BHCA and to regulation by the Federal Reserve. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries or affiliates exercises a controlling influence over the management or policies of a bank or any entity that is subject to the BHCA and to regulation by the Federal Reserve.
 
(jj)           Illegal or Unauthorized Payments; Political Contributions . Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries nor, to the best of the Company’s knowledge (after reasonable inquiry of its officers and directors), any of the officers, directors, employees, agents or other representatives of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or any other business entity or enterprise with which the Company or any Subsidiary is or has been affiliated or associated, has, directly or indirectly, made or authorized any payment, contribution or gift of money, property, or services, whether or not in contravention of applicable law, (i) as a kickback or bribe to any Person or (ii) to any political organization, or the holder of or any aspirant to any elective or appointive public office except for personal political contributions not involving the direct or indirect use of funds of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.
 
(kk)         Money Laundering . The Company and its Subsidiaries are in compliance with, and have not previously violated, the USA Patriot Act of 2001 and all other applicable U.S. and non-U.S. anti-money laundering laws and regulations, including, without limitation, the laws, regulations and Executive Orders and sanctions programs administered by the U.S. Office of Foreign Assets Control, including, but not limited, to (i) Executive Order 13224 of September 23, 2001 entitled, “Blocking Property and Prohibiting Transactions With Persons Who Commit, Threaten to Commit, or Support Terrorism” (66 Fed. Reg. 49079 (2001)); and (ii) any regulations contained in 31 CFR, Subtitle B, Chapter V.
 
(ll)           Management . Except as set forth in the Registration Statement hereto, during the past five year period, no current or former officer or director or, to the knowledge of the Company, no current ten percent (10%) or greater stockholder of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has been the subject of:
 
(i)            a petition under bankruptcy laws or any other insolvency or moratorium law or the appointment by a court of a receiver, fiscal agent or similar officer for such Person, or any partnership in which such person was a general partner at or within two years before the filing of such petition or such appointment, or any corporation or business association of which such person was an executive officer at or within two years before the time of the filing of such petition or such appointment;
 
(ii)           a conviction in a criminal proceeding or a named subject of a pending criminal proceeding (excluding traffic violations that do not relate to driving while intoxicated or driving under the influence);
 
(iii)          any order, judgment or decree, not subsequently reversed, suspended or vacated, of any court of competent jurisdiction, permanently or temporarily enjoining any such person from, or otherwise limiting, the following activities:
 
(1)          Acting as a futures commission merchant, introducing broker, commodity trading advisor, commodity pool operator, floor broker, leverage transaction merchant, any other person regulated by the United States Commodity Futures Trading Commission or an associated person of any of the foregoing, or as an investment adviser, underwriter, broker or dealer in securities, or as an affiliated person, director or employee of any investment company, bank, savings and loan association or insurance company, or engaging in or continuing any conduct or practice in connection with such activity;
 
(2)          Engaging in any particular type of business practice; or
 
(3)          Engaging in any activity in connection with the purchase or sale of any security or commodity or in connection with any violation of securities laws or commodities laws;
 
(iv)          any order, judgment or decree, not subsequently reversed, suspended or vacated, of any authority barring, suspending or otherwise limiting for more than sixty (60) days the right of any such person to engage in any activity described in the preceding sub paragraph, or to be associated with persons engaged in any such activity;
 
(v)           a finding by a court of competent jurisdiction in a civil action or by the SEC or other authority to have violated any securities law, regulation or decree and the judgment in such civil action or finding by the SEC or any other authority has not been subsequently reversed, suspended or vacated; or
 
(vi)          a finding by a court of competent jurisdiction in a civil action or by the Commodity Futures Trading Commission to have violated any federal commodities law, and the judgment in such civil action or finding has not been subsequently reversed, suspended or vacated.
 
(mm)      Stock Option Plans . Each stock option granted by the Company was granted (i) in accordance with the terms of the applicable stock option plan of the Company and (ii) with an exercise price at least equal to the fair market value of the Common Stock on the date such stock option would be considered granted under GAAP and applicable law. No stock option granted under the Company's stock option plan has been backdated. The Company has not knowingly granted, and there is no and has been no policy or practice of the Company to knowingly grant, stock options prior to, or otherwise knowingly coordinate the grant of stock options with, the release or other public announcement of material information regarding the Company or its Subsidiaries or their financial results or prospects.
 
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(nn)        No Disagreements with Accountants and Lawyers . There are no material disagreements of any kind presently existing, or reasonably anticipated by the Company to arise, between the Company and the accountants and lawyers formerly or presently employed by the Company and the Company is current with respect to any fees owed to its accountants and lawyers which could affect the Company's ability to perform any of its obligations under any of the Transaction Documents. In addition, on or prior to the date hereof, the Company had discussions with its accountants about its financial statements previously filed with the SEC. Based on those discussions, the Company has no reason to believe that it will need to restate any such financial statements or any part thereof.
 
(oo)        No Additional Agreements. The Company does not have any agreement or understanding with any Buyer with respect to the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents other than as specified in the Transaction Documents.
 
(pp)        Public Utility Holding Act None of the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is a “holding company,” or an “affiliate” of a “holding company,” as such terms are defined in the Public Utility Holding Act of 2005.
 
(qq)        Federal Power Act. None of the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is subject to regulation as a “public utility” under the Federal Power Act, as amended.
 
(rr)          Registration Rights . No holder of securities of the Company has rights to the registration of any securities of the Company because of the filing of the Registration Statement or the issuance of the Securities hereunder that could expose the Company to material liability or any Buyer to any liability or that could impair the Company’s ability to consummate the issuance and sale of the Securities in the manner, and at the times, contemplated hereby, which rights have not been waived by the holder thereof as of the date hereof.
 
(ss)         Disclosure . The Company confirms that neither it nor any other Person acting on its behalf has provided any of the Buyers or their agents or counsel with any information that constitutes or could reasonably be expected to constitute material, non-public information concerning the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, other than the existence of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents. The Company understands and confirms that each of the Buyers will rely on the foregoing representations in effecting transactions in securities of the Company. All disclosure provided to the Buyers regarding the Company and its Subsidiaries, their businesses and the transactions contemplated hereby, including the schedules to this Agreement, furnished by or on behalf of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is true and correct and does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact necessary in order to make the statements made therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. All of the written information furnished after the date hereof by or on behalf of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to each Buyer pursuant to or in connection with this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents, taken as a whole, will be true and correct in all material respects as of the date on which such information is so provided and will not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact necessary in order to make the statements made therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. Each press release issued by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries during the twelve (12) months preceding the date of this Agreement did not at the time of release contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they are made, not misleading. No event or circumstance has occurred or information exists with respect to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or its or their business, properties, liabilities, prospects, operations (including results thereof) or conditions (financial or otherwise), which, under applicable law, rule or regulation, requires public disclosure at or before the date hereof or announcement by the Company but which has not been so publicly disclosed. All financial projections and forecasts that have been prepared by or on behalf of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries and made available to you have been prepared in good faith based upon reasonable assumptions and represented, at the time each such financial projection or forecast was delivered to each Buyer, the Company’s best estimate of future financial performance (it being recognized that such financial projections or forecasts are not to be viewed as facts and that the actual results during the period or periods covered by any such financial projections or forecasts may differ from the projected or forecasted results). The Company acknowledges and agrees that no Buyer makes or has made any representations or warranties with respect to the transactions contemplated hereby other than those specifically set forth in Section 2.
 
 
4.
COVENANTS.
 
(a)           Best Efforts . Each Buyer shall use its best efforts to timely satisfy each of the covenants hereunder and conditions to be satisfied by it as provided in Section 6 of this Agreement. The Company shall use its best efforts to timely satisfy each of the covenants hereunder and conditions to be satisfied by it as provided in Section 7 of this Agreement.
 
(b)           Amendments to the Registration Statement; Prospectus Supplements; Free Writing Prospectuses .
 
(i)             Amendments to the Registration Statement; Prospectus Supplements; Free Writing Prospectuses . Except as provided in this Agreement and other than periodic reports and current reports required to be filed pursuant to the 1934 Act, the Company shall not file with the SEC any amendment to the Registration Statement that relates to the Buyer, this Agreement or the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby or file with the SEC any supplement (each, a “ Prospectus Supplement ”) to the initial Prospectus included in the Registration Statement at the time it was initially declared effective by the SEC (the “ Initial Prospectus ”) that relates to the Buyer, this Agreement or the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby with respect to which (a) the Buyer shall not previously have been advised, (b) the Company shall not have given due consideration to any comments thereon received from the Buyer or its counsel, or (c) the Buyer shall reasonably object after being so advised, unless the Company reasonably has determined that it is necessary to amend the Registration Statement or make any supplement to the Prospectus to comply with the 1933 Act or any other applicable law or regulation, in which case the Company shall promptly (but in no event later than 24 hours) so inform the Buyer, the Buyer shall be provided with a reasonable opportunity to review and comment upon any disclosure relating to the Buyer and the Company shall expeditiously furnish to the Buyer an electronic copy thereof. In addition, for so long as, in the reasonable opinion of counsel for the Buyer, the Prospectus (or in lieu thereof, the notice referred to in Rule 173(a) under the 1933 Act) is required to be delivered in connection with any acquisition or sale of Securities by the Buyer, the Company shall not file the Initial Prospectus or any Prospectus Supplement with respect to the Securities without delivering or making available a copy of such Prospectus (including each Prospectus Supplement in effect as of such time, if any) to the Buyer promptly.
 
(ii)           The Company has not made, and agrees that unless it obtains the prior written consent of the Buyer it will not make, an offer relating to the Securities that would constitute an “issuer free writing prospectus” as defined in Rule 433 promulgated under the 1933 Act (an “ Issuer Free Writing Prospectus ”) or that would otherwise constitute a “free writing prospectus” as defined in Rule 405 promulgated under the 1933 Act (a “ Free Writing Prospectus ”) required to be filed by the Company or the Buyer with the SEC or retained by the Company or the Buyer under Rule 433 under the 1933 Act. The Buyer has not made, and agrees that unless it obtains the prior written consent of the Company it will not make, an offer relating to the Securities that would constitute a Free Writing Prospectus required to be filed by the Company with the SEC or retained by the Company under Rule 433 under the 1933 Act. Any such Issuer Free Writing Prospectus or other Free Writing Prospectus consented to by the Buyer or the Company is referred to in this Agreement as a “ Permitted Free Writing Prospectus .” The Company agrees that (x) it has treated and will treat, as the case may be, each Permitted Free Writing Prospectus as an Issuer Free Writing Prospectus and (y) it has complied and will comply, as the case may be, with the requirements of Rules 164 and 433 under the 1933 Act applicable to any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus, including in respect of timely filing with the SEC, legending and record keeping.
 
(c)           Prospectus Delivery . Immediately prior to execution of this Agreement, the Company shall have delivered to the Buyer, and as soon as practicable after execution of this Agreement the Company shall file, the Prospectus with respect to the Securities to be issued on the Closing Date, as required under, and in conformity with, the 1933 Act, including Rule 424(b) thereunder. Except as set out in Section 4(b), the Company shall provide the Buyer a reasonable opportunity to comment on a draft of each Prospectus Supplement and any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, if any, shall give due consideration to all such comments and, subject to the provisions of Section 4(b) hereof, shall deliver or make available to the Buyer, without charge, an electronic copy of the Prospectus (including any Prospectus Supplement and any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus, if any) on the Closing Date. The Company consents to the use of the Prospectus in accordance with the provisions of the 1933 Act and with the securities or “blue sky” laws of the jurisdictions in which the Securities may be sold by the Buyer, in connection with the offering and sale of the Securities and for such period of time thereafter as the Prospectus (or in lieu thereof, the notice referred to in Rule 173(a) under the 1933 Act) is required by the 1933 Act to be delivered in connection with sales of the Securities. If during such period of time any event shall occur that in the judgment of the Company and its counsel is required to be set forth in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus or any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus or should be set forth therein in order to make the statements made therein (in the case of the Prospectus, in light of the circumstances under which they were made) not misleading, or if it is necessary to amend the Registration Statement or supplement or amend the Prospectus or any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus to comply with the 1933 Act or any other applicable law or regulation, the Company shall forthwith prepare and, subject to Section 4(b) above, file with the SEC an appropriate amendment to the Registration Statement or Prospectus Supplement to the Prospectus (or supplement to the Permitted Free Writing Prospectus) and shall expeditiously furnish or make available to the Buyer an electronic copy thereof.
 
 
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(d)           Stop Orders . The Company shall advise the Buyer promptly (but in no event later than 24 hours) and shall confirm such advice in writing: (i) of the Company’s receipt of notice of any request by the SEC for amendment of or a supplement to the Registration Statement, the Prospectus, any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus or for any additional information; (ii) of the Company’s receipt of notice of the issuance by the SEC of any stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or prohibiting or suspending the use of the Prospectus or any Prospectus Supplement, or of the suspension of qualification of the Securities for offering or sale in any jurisdiction, or the initiation or contemplated initiation of any proceeding for such purpose; (iii) of the Company becoming aware of the happening of any event, which makes any statement of a material fact made in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus or any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus untrue or which requires the making of any additions to or changes to the statements then made in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus or any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus in order to state a material fact required by the 1933 Act to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements then made therein (in the case of the Prospectus, in light of the circumstances under which they were made) not misleading, or of the necessity to amend the Registration Statement or supplement the Prospectus or any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus to comply with the 1933 Act or any other law or (iv) if at any time following the date hereof the Registration Statement is not effective or is not otherwise available for the issuance of the Securities or any Prospectus contained therein is not available for use for any other reason. Thereafter, the Company shall promptly notify such holders when the Registration Statement, the Prospectus, any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus and/or any amendment or supplement thereto, as applicable, is effective and available for the issuance of the Securities. If at any time the SEC shall issue any stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or prohibiting or suspending the use of the Prospectus or any Prospectus Supplement, the Company shall use best efforts to obtain the withdrawal of such order at the earliest possible time.
 
(e)           Blue Sky . The Company shall, on or before the Closing Date, take such action as the Company shall reasonably determine is necessary in order to obtain an exemption for, or to, qualify the Securities for sale to the Buyers at the Closing pursuant to this Agreement under applicable securities or “Blue Sky” laws of the states of the United States (or to obtain an exemption from such qualification), and shall provide evidence of any such action so taken to the Buyers on or prior to the Closing Date. Without limiting any other obligation of the Company under this Agreement, the Company shall timely make all filings and reports relating to the offer and sale of the Securities required under all applicable securities laws (including, without limitation, all applicable federal securities laws and all applicable “Blue Sky” laws), and the Company shall comply with all applicable foreign, federal, state and local laws, statutes, rules, regulations and the like relating to the offering and sale of the Securities to the Buyers.
 
(f)            Reporting Status . Until the date on which the Buyers shall have sold all of the Securities (the “ Reporting Period ”), the Company shall timely file all reports required to be filed with the SEC pursuant to the 1934 Act, and the Company shall not terminate its status as an issuer required to file reports under the 1934 Act even if the 1934 Act or the rules and regulations thereunder would no longer require or otherwise permit such termination.
 
(g)          Use of Proceeds . The Company will use the proceeds from the sale of the Securities as described in the Prospectus, but not, directly or indirectly, for (i) except as set forth in the Registration Statement, the satisfaction of any indebtedness of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, (ii) the redemption or repurchase of any securities of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or (iii) the settlement of any outstanding litigation.
 
(h)           Financial Information . The Company agrees to send the following to each holder of Warrants (each, an “ Investor ”) during the Reporting Period (i) unless the following are filed with the SEC through EDGAR and are available to the public through the EDGAR system, within one (1) Business Day after the filing thereof with the SEC, a copy of its Annual Reports on Form 10-K and Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, any interim reports or any consolidated balance sheets, income statements, stockholders’ equity statements and/or cash flow statements for any period other than annual, any Current Reports on Form 8-K and any registration statements (other than on Form S-8) or amendments filed pursuant to the 1933 Act, (ii) unless the following are either filed with the SEC through EDGAR or are otherwise widely disseminated via a recognized news release service (such as PR Newswire), on the same day as the release thereof, facsimile copies of all press releases issued by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries and (iii) unless the following are filed with the SEC through EDGAR, copies of any notices and other information made available or given to the stockholders of the Company generally, contemporaneously with the making available or giving thereof to the stockholders.
 
(i)            Listing . The Company shall promptly secure the listing or designation for quotation (as the case may be) of all of the Underlying Securities (as defined below) upon each national securities exchange and automated quotation system, if any, upon which the Common Stock is then listed or designated for quotation (as the case may be) (subject to official notice of issuance) and shall maintain such listing or designation for quotation (as the case may be) of all Underlying Securities from time to time issuable under the terms of the Transaction Documents on such national securities exchange or automated quotation system. The Company shall maintain the Common Stock’s listing or authorization for quotation (as the case may be) on the Principal Market, the OTCQX, the OTCBB, The New York Stock Exchange, the NYSE American, the Nasdaq Capital Market, the Nasdaq Global Market or the Nasdaq Global Select Market (each, a “ Trading Market ”). Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries shall take any action which could be reasonably expected to result in the delisting or suspension of the Common Stock from all Trading Markets on which the Common Stock is listed or quoted. The Company shall pay all fees and expenses in connection with satisfying its obligations under this Section 4(i). “ Underlying Securities ” means the (i) the Common Shares, (ii) the Warrant Shares and (iii) any capital stock of the Company issued or issuable with respect to the Common Shares, the Warrant Shares, or the Warrants, respectively, including, without limitation, (1) as a result of any stock split, stock dividend, recapitalization, exchange or similar event or otherwise and (2) shares of capital stock of the Company into which the shares of Common Stock are converted or exchanged and shares of capital stock of a Successor Entity (as defined in the Warrants) into which the shares of Common Stock are converted or exchanged, in each case, without regard to any limitations on exercise of the Warrants.
 
(j)            Fees . The Company shall be responsible for the payment of any placement agent’s fees, financial advisory fees, transfer agent fees, DTC fees or broker’s commissions (other than for Persons engaged by any Buyer) relating to or arising out of the transactions contemplated hereby (including, without limitation, any fees or commissions payable to the Lead Placement Agent of the Co-Lead Placement Agent, who are the Company’s sole placement agents in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement). The Company shall pay, and hold each Buyer harmless against, any liability, loss or expense (including, without limitation, reasonable attorneys’ fees and out-of-pocket expenses) arising in connection with any claim relating to any such payment. Except as otherwise set forth in the Transaction Documents, each party to this Agreement shall bear its own expenses in connection with the sale of the Securities to the Buyers.
 
(k)           Disclosure of Transactions and Other Material Information .
 
(i)             Disclosure of Transaction . The Company shall, on or before 9:30 a.m., New York time, on the first (1 st ) Business Day after the date of this Agreement, issue a press release (the “ Press Release ”) reasonably acceptable to the Buyers disclosing all the material terms of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents. On or before 9:30 a.m., New York time, on the first (1 st ) Business Day after the date of this Agreement, the Company shall file a Current Report on Form 8-K describing all the material terms of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents in the form required by the 1934 Act and attaching all the material Transaction Documents (including, without limitation, this Agreement (and all schedules to this Agreement), and the form of the Warrants) (including all attachments, the “ 8-K Filing ”). From and after the filing of the Press Release, the Company shall have disclosed all material, non-public information (if any) provided to any of the Buyers by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or any of their respective officers, directors, employees or agents in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents. In addition, effective upon the filing of the Press Release, the Company acknowledges and agrees that any and all confidentiality or similar obligations under any agreement, whether written or oral, between the Company, any of its Subsidiaries or any of their respective officers, directors, affiliates, employees or agents, on the one hand, and any of the Buyers or any of their affiliates, on the other hand, shall terminate.
 
 (ii)            Limitations on Disclosure . The Company shall not, and the Company shall cause each of its Subsidiaries and each of its and their respective officers, directors, employees and agents not to, provide any Buyer with any material, non-public information regarding the Company or any of its Subsidiaries from and after the date hereof without the express prior written consent of such Buyer (which may be granted or withheld in such Buyer’s sole discretion). In the event of a breach of any of the foregoing covenants, or any of the covenants or agreements contained in any other Transaction Document, by the Company, any of its Subsidiaries, or any of its or their respective officers, directors, employees and agents (as determined in the reasonable good faith judgment of such Buyer), in addition to any other remedy provided herein or in the Transaction Documents, such Buyer shall have the right to make a public disclosure, in the form of a press release, public advertisement or otherwise, of such breach or such material, non-public information, as applicable, without the prior approval by the Company, any of its Subsidiaries, or any of its or their respective officers, directors, employees or agents. No Buyer shall have any liability to the Company, any of its Subsidiaries, or any of its or their respective officers, directors, employees, affiliates, stockholders or agents, for any such disclosure. To the extent that the Company delivers any material, non-public information to a Buyer without such Buyer's consent, the Company hereby covenants and agrees that such Buyer shall not have any duty of confidentiality with respect to, or a duty not to trade on the basis of, such material, non-public information. Subject to the foregoing, neither the Company, its Subsidiaries nor any Buyer shall issue any press releases or any other public statements with respect to the transactions contemplated hereby; provided, however, the Company shall be entitled, without the prior approval of any Buyer, to make the Press Release and any press release or other public disclosure with respect to such transactions (i) in substantial conformity with the 8-K Filing and contemporaneously therewith and (ii) as is required by applicable law and regulations (provided that in the case of clause (i) each Buyer shall be consulted by the Company in connection with any such press release or other public disclosure prior to its release). Without the prior written consent of the applicable Buyer (which may be granted or withheld in such Buyer’s sole discretion), the Company shall not (and shall cause each of its Subsidiaries and affiliates to not) disclose the name of such Buyer in any filing, announcement, release or otherwise. Notwithstanding anything contained in this Agreement to the contrary and without implication that the contrary would otherwise be true, the Company expressly acknowledges and agrees that no Buyer shall have (unless expressly agreed to by a particular Buyer after the date hereof in a written definitive and binding agreement executed by the Company and such particular Buyer (it being understood and agreed that no Buyer may bind any other Buyer with respect thereto)), any duty of confidentiality with respect to, or a duty not to trade on the basis of, any material, non-public information regarding the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.
 
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(l)            Reservation of Shares . So long as any of the Warrants remain outstanding, the Company shall take all action necessary to at all times have authorized, and reserved for the purpose of issuance, no less than 100% of the maximum number of Warrant Shares issuable upon exercise of all the Warrants then outstanding (without regard to any limitations on the exercise of the Warrants set forth therein) (collectively, the “ Required Reserve Amount ”); provided that at no time shall the number of shares of Common Stock reserved pursuant to this Section 4(l) be reduced other than proportionally in connection with any exercise of the Warrants. If at any time the number of shares of Common Stock authorized and reserved for issuance is not sufficient to meet the Required Reserve Amount, the Company will promptly take all corporate action necessary to authorize and reserve a sufficient number of shares, including, without limitation, calling a special meeting of stockholders to authorize additional shares to meet the Company's obligations pursuant to the Transaction Documents, in the case of an insufficient number of authorized shares, obtain stockholder approval of an increase in such authorized number of shares, and voting the management shares of the Company in favor of an increase in the authorized shares of the Company to ensure that the number of authorized shares is sufficient to meet the Required Reserve Amount.
 
 (m)          Conduct of Business . The business of the Company and its Subsidiaries shall not be conducted in violation of any law, ordinance or regulation of any Governmental Entity, except where such violations would not reasonably be expected to result, either individually or in the aggregate, in a Material Adverse Effect.
 
(n)           Reserved.
 
(o)           Passive Foreign Investment Company . The Company shall conduct its business, and shall cause its Subsidiaries to conduct their respective businesses, in such a manner as will ensure that the Company will not be deemed to constitute a passive foreign investment company within the meaning of Section 1297 of the Code.
 
(p)           Corporate Existence . So long as any Buyer beneficially owns any Warrants, the Company shall not be party to any Fundamental Transaction (as defined in the Warrants) unless the Company is in compliance with the applicable provisions governing Fundamental Transactions set forth in the Warrants.
 
(q)           Exercise Procedures . The form of Exercise Notice (as defined in the Warrants) included in the Warrants sets forth the totality of the procedures required of the Buyers in order to exercise the Warrants. No legal opinion or other information or instructions shall be required of the Buyers to exercise their Warrants. The Company shall honor exercises of the Warrants and shall deliver the Warrant Shares in accordance with the terms, conditions and time periods set forth in the Warrants. Without limiting the preceding sentences, no ink-original Exercise Notice (as defined in the Warrants) shall be required, nor shall any medallion guarantee (or other type of guarantee or notarization) of any Exercise Notice form be required in order to exercise the Warrants.
 
(r)            Regulation M . The Company will not take any action prohibited by Regulation M under the 1934 Act, in connection with the distribution of the Securities contemplated hereby.
 
(s)           Closing Documents. On or prior to fourteen (14) calendar days after the Closing Date, the Company agrees to deliver, or cause to be delivered, to each Buyer, the Placement Agent and Sichenzia Ross Ference Kesner LLP a complete closing set of the executed Transaction Documents, Securities and any other document required to be delivered to any party pursuant to Section 7 hereof or otherwise.
 
(t)            Buyer Leak-Out .                                Each Buyer agrees that from the date of this Agreement and ending at 4:00 pm (New York City time) on _________, 2018 (such period, the “Restricted Period”), neither such Buyer, nor any affiliate of such Buyer which (x) had or has knowledge of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, (y) has or shares discretion relating to such Buyer’s investments or trading or information concerning such Buyer’s investments, including in respect of the Securities, or (z) is subject to such Buyer’s review or input concerning such affiliate’s investments or trading (together, the “Buyer’s Trading Affiliates”), collectively, shall sell, dispose or otherwise transfer, directly or indirectly, (including, without limitation, any sales, short sales, swaps or any derivative transactions that would be equivalent to any sales or short positions) on any Trading Day during the Restricted Period (any such date, a “Date of Determination”), shares of Common Stock, or shares of Common Stock underlying any Convertible Securities, held by the Buyer on the date hereof, including the Shares and the Warrant Shares issuable upon exercise of the Warrants (collectively, the “Restricted Securities”), in an amount more than __% of the trading volume of Common Stock as reported by Bloomberg, LP for the applicable Date of Determination (“Leak-Out Percentage”); provided, that the foregoing restriction shall not apply to any actual “long” (as defined in Regulation SHO of the 1934 Act) sales by the Holder or any of the Holder’s Trading Affiliates at a price greater than $_________ (in each case, as adjusted for stock splits, stock dividends, stock combinations, recapitalizations or other similar events occurring after the date hereof).
 
 Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, during the Restricted Period, the Buyer may, directly or indirectly, sell or transfer all, or any part, of any Restricted Securities to any Person (an “Assignee”) in a transaction which does not need to be reported on the consolidated tape on the Principal Market, without complying with (or otherwise limited by) the restrictions set forth in this Leak-Out Agreement; provided, that as a condition to any such sale or transfer an authorized signatory of the Company and such Assignee duly execute and deliver a leak-out agreement in the form of this Section 4(t) (an “Assignee Agreement”, and each such transfer a “Permitted Transfer”) and, subsequent to a Permitted Transfer, sales of the Buyer and the Buyer’s Trading Affiliates and all Assignees (other than any such sales that constitute Permitted Transfers) shall be aggregated for all purposes of this Section 4(t) and all Assignee Agreements.
 
 
5.
REGISTER; TRANSFER AGENT INSTRUCTIONS; LEGEND.
 
(a)             Register . The Company shall maintain at its principal executive offices (or such other office or agency of the Company as it may designate by notice to each holder of Securities), a register for the Common Shares and the Warrants in which the Company shall record the name and address of the Person in whose name the Common Shares and the Warrants have been issued (including the name and address of each transferee), the number of Common Shares held by such Person and the number of Warrant Shares issuable upon exercise of the Warrants held by such Person. The Company shall keep the register open and available at all times during business hours for inspection of any Buyer or its legal representatives.
 
 (b)           Transfer Agent Instructions . The Company shall issue irrevocable instructions to its Transfer Agent and any subsequent transfer agent in a form acceptable to each of the Buyers (the “ Irrevocable Transfer Agent Instructions ”) to issue certificates or credit shares to the applicable balance accounts at DTC, registered in the name of each Buyer or its respective nominee(s), for the Common Shares and the Warrant Shares in such amounts as specified from time to time by each Buyer to the Company upon the exercise of the Warrants (as the case may be). The Company represents and warrants that no instruction other than the Irrevocable Transfer Agent Instructions referred to in this Section 5(b) will be given by the Company to its Transfer Agent with respect to the Securities, and that the Securities shall otherwise be freely transferable on the books and records of the Company, as applicable, to the extent provided in this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents. If a Buyer effects a sale, assignment or transfer of the Securities, the Company shall permit the transfer and shall promptly instruct its Transfer Agent to issue one or more certificates or credit shares to the applicable balance accounts at DTC in such name and in such denominations as specified by such Buyer to effect such sale, transfer or assignment. The Company acknowledges that a breach by it of its obligations hereunder will cause irreparable harm to a Buyer. Accordingly, the Company acknowledges that the remedy at law for a breach of its obligations under this Section 5(b) will be inadequate and agrees, in the event of a breach or threatened breach by the Company of the provisions of this Section 5(b), that a Buyer shall be entitled, in addition to all other available remedies, to an order and/or injunction restraining any breach and requiring immediate issuance and transfer, without the necessity of showing economic loss and without any bond or other security being required. The Company shall cause its counsel to issue each legal opinion referred to in the Irrevocable Transfer Agent Instructions to the Transfer Agent as follows: (i) at the Closing with respect to the Common Shares, (ii) upon each exercise of the Warrants (unless such issuance covered by a prior legal opinion previously delivered to the Transfer Agent), and (iii) on each date a registration statement with respect to the issuance or resale of any of the Securities is declared effective by the SEC. Any fees (with respect to the Transfer Agent, counsel to the Company or otherwise) associated with the issuance of such opinions or the removal of any legends on any of the Securities shall be borne by the Company.
 
 
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(c)           Legends . Certificates and any other instruments evidencing the Common Shares shall not bear any restrictive or other legend. For so long as a Registration Statement is effective for the Warrant Shares, or as long as there is an exemption from registration of the resale of the Warrant Shares under the 1933 Act, certificates and any other instruments evidencing the Warrant Shares shall not bear any restrictive or other legend.
 
(d)           FAST Compliance . While any Warrants remain outstanding, the Company shall maintain a transfer agent that participates in the DTC Fast Automated Securities Transfer Program.
 
 
6.
CONDITIONS TO THE COMPANY’S OBLIGATION TO SELL.
 
The obligation of the Company hereunder to issue and sell the Common Shares and the related Warrants to each Buyer at the Closing is subject to the satisfaction, at or before the Closing Date, of each of the following conditions, provided that these conditions are for the Company’s sole benefit and may be waived by the Company at any time in its sole discretion by providing each Buyer with prior written notice thereof:
 
(a)          Such Buyer shall have executed each of the other Transaction Documents to which it is a party and delivered the same to the Company.
 
(b)          Such Buyer and each other Buyer shall have delivered to the Company the Purchase Price for the Common Shares and the related Warrants being purchased by such Buyer at the Closing by wire transfer of immediately available funds in accordance with the Flow of Funds Letter.
 
 
(c)          The representations and warranties of such Buyer shall be true and correct in all material respects as of the date when made and as of the Closing Date as though originally made at that time (except for representations and warranties that speak as of a specific date, which shall be true and correct as of such specific date), and such Buyer shall have performed, satisfied and complied in all material respects with the covenants, agreements and conditions required by this Agreement to be performed, satisfied or complied with by such Buyer at or prior to the Closing Date.
 
 
7.
CONDITIONS TO EACH BUYER’S OBLIGATION TO PURCHASE.
 
The obligation of each Buyer hereunder to purchase its Common Shares and its related Warrants at the Closing is subject to the satisfaction, at or before the Closing Date, of each of the following conditions, provided that these conditions are for each Buyer’s sole benefit and may be waived by such Buyer at any time in its sole discretion by providing the Company with prior written notice thereof:
 
(a)          The Company shall have duly executed and delivered to such Buyer each of the Transaction Documents and the Company shall have duly executed and delivered to such Buyer (x) such aggregate number of Common Shares set forth across from such Buyer’s name in column (3) of the Schedule of Buyers, and (y) Warrants (initially for such aggregate number of Warrant Shares as is set forth across from such Buyer’s name in column (4) of the Schedule of Buyers), in each case, as being purchased by such Buyer at the Closing pursuant to this Agreement.
 
(b)          Such Buyer, the Lead Placement Agent and the Co-Lead Placement Agent shall have received the opinion of Ortoli Rosenstadt LLP, the Company’s counsel, dated as of the Closing Date, in the form acceptable to such Buyer.
 
(c)          The Company shall have delivered to such Buyer a copy of the Irrevocable Transfer Agent Instructions, in the form acceptable to such Buyer, which instructions shall have been delivered to and acknowledged in writing by the Company’s transfer agent.
 
(d)          The Company shall have delivered to such Buyer a certificate evidencing the formation and good standing of the Company in such entity’s jurisdiction of formation issued by the Secretary of State (or comparable office) of such jurisdiction of formation as of a date within twenty (20) days of the Closing Date.
 
(e)          The Company shall have delivered to such Buyer a certificate evidencing the Company’s qualification as a foreign corporation and good standing issued by the Secretary of State (or comparable office) of each jurisdiction in which the Company conducts business and is required to so qualify, as of a date within twenty (20) days of the Closing Date.
 
(f)           The Company shall have delivered to such Buyer a certified copy of the Articles of Incorporation as certified by the Nevada Secretary of State within twenty (20) days of the Closing Date.
 
(g)          The Company shall have delivered to such Buyer a certificate, in the form acceptable to such Buyer, executed by the Chief Executive Officer of the Company and dated as of the Closing Date, as to (i) the resolutions consistent with Section 3(b) as adopted by the Company’s board of directors in a form reasonably acceptable to such Buyer, (ii) the Articles of Incorporation of the Company, (iii) the By-laws of the Company, each as in effect at the Closing, (iv) stating the matter in Section 7(h) and (v) as to such other matters as may be reasonably requested by such Buyer in the form acceptable to such Buyer.
 
(h)          Each and every representation and warranty of the Company shall be true and correct as of the date when made and as of the Closing Date as though originally made at that time (except for representations and warranties that speak as of a specific date, which shall be true and correct as of such specific date) and the Company shall have performed, satisfied and complied in all respects with the covenants, agreements and conditions required to be performed, satisfied or complied with by the Company at or prior to the Closing Date.
 
 (i)           The Company shall have delivered to such Buyer a letter from the Company’s transfer agent certifying the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding on the Closing Date immediately prior to the Closing.
 
(j)           The Common Stock (A) shall be designated for quotation or listed (as applicable) on the Principal Market and (B) shall not have been suspended, as of the Closing Date, by the SEC or the Principal Market from trading on the Principal Market.
 
 
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(k)          The Company shall have obtained all governmental, regulatory or third party consents and approvals, if any, necessary for the sale of the Securities, including without limitation, those required by the Principal Market, if any.
 
(l)           No statute, rule, regulation, executive order, decree, ruling or injunction shall have been enacted, entered, promulgated or endorsed by any court or Governmental Entity of competent jurisdiction that prohibits the consummation of any of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents.
 
(m)         Since the date of execution of this Agreement, no event or series of events shall have occurred that reasonably would have or result in a Material Adverse Effect.
 
(n)          Reserved.
 
(o)          Such Buyer shall have received a letter on the letterhead of the Company, duly executed by the Chief Executive Officer of the Company, setting forth the wire amounts of each Buyer and the wire transfer instructions of the Company (the “ Flow of Funds Letter ”).
 
(p)          From the date hereof to the Closing Date, (i) trading in the Common Stock shall not have been suspended by the SEC or the Principal Market (except for any suspension of trading of limited duration agreed to by the Company, which suspension shall be terminated prior to the Closing), and, (ii) at any time prior to the Closing Date, trading in securities generally as reported by Bloomberg L.P. shall not have been suspended or limited, or minimum prices shall not have been established on securities whose trades are reported by such service, or on the Principal Market, nor shall a banking moratorium have been declared either by the United States or New York State authorities nor shall there have occurred any material outbreak or escalation of hostilities or other national or international calamity of such magnitude in its effect on, or any material adverse change in, any financial market which, in each case, in the reasonable judgment of each Buyer, makes it impracticable or inadvisable to purchase the Securities at the Closing
 
(q)          The Registration Statement shall be effective and available for the issuance and sale of the Securities hereunder and the Company shall have delivered to such Buyer the Prospectus as required thereunder.
 
(r)           The Company and its Subsidiaries shall have delivered to such Buyer such other documents, instruments or certificates relating to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement as such Buyer or its counsel may reasonably request.  
 
 
8.
TERMINATION.
 
In the event that the Closing shall not have occurred with respect to a Buyer within five (5) days of the date hereof, then such Buyer shall have the right to terminate its obligations under this Agreement with respect to itself at any time on or after the close of business on such date without liability of such Buyer to any other party; provided, however, (i) the right to terminate this Agreement under this Section 8 shall not be available to such Buyer if the failure of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement to have been consummated by such date is the result of such Buyer’s breach of this Agreement and (ii) the abandonment of the sale and purchase of the Common Shares and the Warrants shall be applicable only to such Buyer providing such written notice, provided further that no such termination shall affect any obligation of the Company under this Agreement to reimburse such Buyer for the expenses described in Section 4(j) above. Nothing contained in this Section 8 shall be deemed to release any party from any liability for any breach by such party of the terms and provisions of this Agreement or the other Transaction Documents or to impair the right of any party to compel specific performance by any other party of its obligations under this Agreement or the other Transaction Documents.
 
 
9.
MISCELLANEOUS.
 
(a)           Governing Law; Jurisdiction; Jury Trial . All questions concerning the construction, validity, enforcement and interpretation of this Agreement shall be governed by the internal laws of the State of New York, without giving effect to any choice of law or conflict of law provision or rule (whether of the State of New York or any other jurisdictions) that would cause the application of the laws of any jurisdictions other than the State of New York. The Company and each Buyer hereby irrevocably submit to the exclusive jurisdiction of the state and federal courts sitting in The City of New York, Borough of Manhattan, for the adjudication of any dispute hereunder or in connection herewith or under any of the other Transaction Documents or with any transaction contemplated hereby or thereby, and hereby irrevocably waives, and agrees not to assert in any suit, action or proceeding, any claim that it is not personally subject to the jurisdiction of any such court, that such suit, action or proceeding is brought in an inconvenient forum or that the venue of such suit, action or proceeding is improper. Each party hereby irrevocably waives personal service of process and consents to process being served in any such suit, action or proceeding by mailing a copy thereof to such party at the address for such notices to it under this Agreement and agrees that such service shall constitute good and sufficient service of process and notice thereof. Nothing contained herein shall be deemed to limit in any way any right to serve process in any manner permitted by law. Nothing contained herein shall be deemed or operate to preclude any Buyer from bringing suit or taking other legal action against the Company in any other jurisdiction to enforce a judgment or other court ruling in favor of such Buyer. EACH PARTY HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES ANY RIGHT IT MAY HAVE TO, AND AGREES NOT TO REQUEST, A JURY TRIAL FOR THE ADJUDICATION OF ANY DISPUTE HEREUNDER OR UNDER ANY OTHER TRANSACTION DOCUMENT OR IN CONNECTION WITH OR ARISING OUT OF THIS AGREEMENT, ANY OTHER TRANSACTION DOCUMENT OR ANY TRANSACTION CONTEMPLATED HEREBY OR THEREBY.  
 
(b)           Counterparts . This Agreement may be executed in two or more identical counterparts, all of which shall be considered one and the same agreement and shall become effective when counterparts have been signed by each party and delivered to the other party. In the event that any signature is delivered by facsimile transmission or by an e-mail which contains a portable document format (.pdf) file of an executed signature page, such signature page shall create a valid and binding obligation of the party executing (or on whose behalf such signature is executed) with the same force and effect as if such signature page were an original thereof.
 
(c)           Headings; Gender . The headings of this Agreement are for convenience of reference and shall not form part of, or affect the interpretation of, this Agreement. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, each pronoun herein shall be deemed to include the masculine, feminine, neuter, singular and plural forms thereof. The terms “including,” “includes,” “include” and words of like import shall be construed broadly as if followed by the words “without limitation.” The terms “herein,” “hereunder,” “hereof” and words of like import refer to this entire Agreement instead of just the provision in which they are found.
 
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(d)           Severability; Maximum Payment Amounts . If any provision of this Agreement is prohibited by law or otherwise determined to be invalid or unenforceable by a court of competent jurisdiction, the provision that would otherwise be prohibited, invalid or unenforceable shall be deemed amended to apply to the broadest extent that it would be valid and enforceable, and the invalidity or unenforceability of such provision shall not affect the validity of the remaining provisions of this Agreement so long as this Agreement as so modified continues to express, without material change, the original intentions of the parties as to the subject matter hereof and the prohibited nature, invalidity or unenforceability of the provision(s) in question does not substantially impair the respective expectations or reciprocal obligations of the parties or the practical realization of the benefits that would otherwise be conferred upon the parties. The parties will endeavor in good faith negotiations to replace the prohibited, invalid or unenforceable provision(s) with a valid provision(s), the effect of which comes as close as possible to that of the prohibited, invalid or unenforceable provision(s). Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Agreement or any other Transaction Document (and without implication that the following is required or applicable), it is the intention of the parties that in no event shall amounts and value paid by the Company and/or any of its Subsidiaries (as the case may be), or payable to or received by any of the Buyers, under the Transaction Documents (including without limitation, any amounts that would be characterized as “interest” under applicable law) exceed amounts permitted under any applicable law. Accordingly, if any obligation to pay, payment made to any Buyer, or collection by any Buyer pursuant the Transaction Documents is finally judicially determined to be contrary to any such applicable law, such obligation to pay, payment or collection shall be deemed to have been made by mutual mistake of such Buyer, the Company and its Subsidiaries and such amount shall be deemed to have been adjusted with retroactive effect to the maximum amount or rate of interest, as the case may be, as would not be so prohibited by the applicable law. Such adjustment shall be effected, to the extent necessary, by reducing or refunding, at the option of such Buyer, the amount of interest or any other amounts which would constitute unlawful amounts required to be paid or actually paid to such Buyer under the Transaction Documents. For greater certainty, to the extent that any interest, charges, fees, expenses or other amounts required to be paid to or received by such Buyer under any of the Transaction Documents or related thereto are held to be within the meaning of “interest” or another applicable term to otherwise be violative of applicable law, such amounts shall be pro-rated over the period of time to which they relate.
 
 (e)           Entire Agreement; Amendments . This Agreement, the other Transaction Documents and the schedules and exhibits attached hereto and thereto and the instruments referenced herein and therein supersede all other prior oral or written agreements between the Buyers, the Company, its Subsidiaries, their affiliates and Persons acting on their behalf, including, without limitation, any transactions by any Buyer with respect to Common Stock or the Securities, and the other matters contained herein and therein, and this Agreement, the other Transaction Documents, the schedules and exhibits attached hereto and thereto and the instruments referenced herein and therein contain the entire understanding of the parties solely with respect to the matters covered herein and therein; provided, however, nothing contained in this Agreement or any other Transaction Document shall (or shall be deemed to) (i) have any effect on any agreements any Buyer has entered into with, or any instruments any Buyer has received from, the Company or any of its Subsidiaries prior to the date hereof with respect to any prior investment made by such Buyer in the Company or (ii) waive, alter, modify or amend in any respect any obligations of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or any rights of or benefits to any Buyer or any other Person, in any agreement entered into prior to the date hereof between or among the Company and/or any of its Subsidiaries and any Buyer, or any instruments any Buyer received from the Company and/or any of its Subsidiaries prior to the date hereof, and all such agreements and instruments shall continue in full force and effect. Except as specifically set forth herein or therein, neither the Company nor any Buyer makes any representation, warranty, covenant or undertaking with respect to such matters. For clarification purposes, the Recitals are part of this Agreement. No provision of this Agreement may be amended other than by an instrument in writing signed by the Company and the Required Holders (as defined below), and any amendment to any provision of this Agreement made in conformity with the provisions of this Section 9(e) shall be binding on all Buyers and holders of Securities, as applicable, provided that no such amendment shall be effective to the extent that it (A) applies to less than all of the holders of the Securities then outstanding or (B) imposes any obligation or liability on any Buyer without such Buyer’s prior written consent (which may be granted or withheld in such Buyer’s sole discretion); provided further that any such amendment or waiver that materially and adversely affects the rights of the Placement Agent shall require the prior written consent of the Placement Agent. No waiver shall be effective unless it is in writing and signed by an authorized representative of the waiving party, provided that the Required Holders may waive any provision of this Agreement, and any waiver of any provision of this Agreement made in conformity with the provisions of this Section 9(e) shall be binding on all Buyers and holders of Securities, as applicable, provided that no such waiver shall be effective to the extent that it (1) applies to less than all of the holders of the Securities then outstanding (unless a party gives a waiver as to itself only) or (2) imposes any obligation or liability on any Buyer without such Buyer’s prior written consent (which may be granted or withheld in such Buyer’s sole discretion). No consideration (other than reimbursement of legal fees) shall be offered or paid to any Person to amend or consent to a waiver or modification of any provision of any of the Transaction Documents unless the same consideration also is offered to all of the parties to the Transaction Documents, all holders of the Common Shares, or all holders of the Warrants (as the case may be). From the date hereof and while any Warrants are outstanding, the Company shall not be permitted to receive any consideration from a Buyer or a holder of Warrants that is not otherwise contemplated by the Transaction Documents in order to, directly or indirectly, induce the Company or any Subsidiary (i) to treat such Buyer or holder of Warrants in a manner that is more favorable than to other similarly situated Buyers or holders of Warrants, as applicable, or (ii) to treat any Buyer(s) or holder(s) of Warrants in a manner that is less favorable than the Buyer or holder of Warrants that is paying such consideration; provided, however, that the determination of whether a Buyer has been treated more or less favorably than another Buyer shall disregard any securities of the Company purchased or sold by any Buyer. The Company has not, directly or indirectly, made any agreements with any Buyers relating to the terms or conditions of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents except as set forth in the Transaction Documents. Without limiting the foregoing, the Company confirms that, except as set forth in this Agreement, no Buyer has made any commitment or promise or has any other obligation to provide any financing to the Company, any Subsidiary or otherwise. As a material inducement for each Buyer to enter into this Agreement, the Company expressly acknowledges and agrees that (x) no due diligence or other investigation or inquiry conducted by a Buyer, any of its advisors or any of its representatives shall affect such Buyer’s right to rely on, or shall modify or qualify in any manner or be an exception to any of, the Company’s representations and warranties contained in this Agreement or any other Transaction Document and (y) unless a provision of this Agreement or any other Transaction Document is expressly preceded by the phrase “except as disclosed in the SEC Documents,” nothing contained in any of the SEC Documents shall affect such Buyer’s right to rely on, or shall modify or qualify in any manner or be an exception to any of, the Company’s representations and warranties contained in this Agreement or any other Transaction Document. “ Required Holders ” means (I) prior to the Closing Date, Buyers entitled to purchase, in the aggregate, at least a majority of the number of Common Shares at the Closing and (II) on or after the Closing Date, holders of, in the aggregate, at least a majority of the Underlying Securities as of such time (excluding any Underlying Securities held by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries as of such time) issued or issuable hereunder or pursuant to the Warrants.  
 
(f)            Notices . Any notices, consents, waivers or other communications required or permitted to be given under the terms of this Agreement must be in writing and will be deemed to have been delivered: (i) upon receipt, when delivered personally; (ii) upon receipt, when sent by facsimile (provided confirmation of transmission is mechanically or electronically generated and kept on file by the sending party) or electronic mail (provided that such sent email is kept on file (whether electronically or otherwise) by the sending party and the sending party does not receive an automatically generated message from the recipient's email server that such e-mail could not be delivered to such recipient); or (iii) one (1) Business Day after deposit with an overnight courier service with next day delivery specified, in each case, properly addressed to the party to receive the same. The addresses, facsimile numbers and e-mail addresses for such communications shall be:
 
If to the Company:
 
Q BioMed Inc.
c/o Ortoli Rosenstadt LLP
501 Madison Avenue, New York NY 11238
Telephone: 212-588-0022
Facsimile: 212-826-9307
Attention: Denis Corin
E-Mail: dcorin@qbiomed.com
 
With a copy (for informational purposes only) to:
 
 
Ortoli Rosenstadt LLP
501 Madison Avenue, New York NY 11238
Telephone: 212-588-0022
Facsimile: 212-826-9307
Attention: William Rosenstadt
E-Mail: wsr@ortolirosenstadt.com
 
 
 
If to the Transfer Agent:
 
VStock Transfer, LLC
18 Lafayette Place
Woodmere, New York 11598
Phone: (212) 828-8436 Ext. 123
Facsimile: (646) 536-3179
 
 
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If to a Buyer, to its address, e-mail address and facsimile number set forth on the Schedule of Buyers, with copies to such Buyer’s representatives as set forth on the Schedule of Buyers.
 
If to the Placement Agent:
 
Roth Capital Partners, LLC
888 San Clemente Drive
Newport Beach, CA 92660
Facsimile: (949) 720-7215
Attention: Aaron M. Gurewitz
E-mail: agurewitz@roth.com
 
With a copy (for informational purposes only) to:
 
Sichenzia Ross Ference Kesner LLP
 
1185 Avenue of the Americas, 37 th Floor
 
New York, NY 10036
 
Telephone: (212) 930-9700
 
Facsimile: (212) 930-9725
 
Attention: Gregory Sichenzia, Esq.
 
E-mail: gsichenzia@srfkllp.com
 
or, in each case, to such other address, e-mail address and/or facsimile number and/or to the attention of such other Person as the recipient party has specified by written notice given to each other party five (5) days prior to the effectiveness of such change. Written confirmation of receipt (A) given by the recipient of such notice, consent, waiver or other communication, (B) mechanically or electronically generated by the sender’s facsimile machine or e-mail containing the time, date, recipient facsimile number and, with respect to each facsimile transmission, an image of the first page of such transmission or (C) provided by an overnight courier service shall be rebuttable evidence of personal service, receipt by facsimile or receipt from an overnight courier service in accordance with clause (i), (ii) or (iii) above, respectively.
 
 (g)           Successors and Assigns . This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the parties and their respective successors and assigns, including any purchasers of any of the Warrants (but excluding any purchasers of Underlying Securities, unless pursuant to a written assignment by such Buyer). The Company shall not assign this Agreement or any rights or obligations hereunder without the prior written consent of the Required Holders, including, without limitation, by way of a Fundamental Transaction (as defined in the Warrants) (unless the Company is in compliance with the applicable provisions governing Fundamental Transactions set forth in the Warrants). A Buyer may assign some or all of its rights hereunder in connection with any transfer of any of its Securities without the consent of the Company, in which event such assignee shall be deemed to be a Buyer hereunder with respect to such assigned rights.
 
(h)           No Third Party Beneficiaries . This Agreement is intended for the benefit of the parties hereto and their respective permitted successors and assigns, and is not for the benefit of, nor may any provision hereof be enforced by, any other Person, other than (i) the Indemnitees referred to in Section 9(m) and (ii) the Placement Agent shall be a third party beneficiary of this Section 9(h) and Sections 1(e), 2(e), 2(f), 3(g), 3(ee), 4(j), 4(s), 7(b), 9(e) and 9(i).
 
(i)            Reliance by the Placement Agent . Each party agrees and acknowledges that the Placement Agent may rely on the representations, warranties, agreements and covenants of the Company contained in this Agreement and may rely on the representations and warranties of the respective Buyers contained in this Agreement as if such representations, warranties, agreements, and covenants, as applicable, were made directly to the Placement Agent. The parties further agree that the Placement Agent may rely on or, if the Placement Agent so requests, be specifically named as an addressee of, the legal opinions to be delivered pursuant to Section 7(b) of this Agreement.
 
(j)            Exculpation of Placement Agent . Each party hereto agrees for the express benefit of each of the Placement Agent, their affiliates and representatives that:
 
(i)            Neither the Placement Agent nor any of its affiliates or any of its representatives (1) has any duties or obligations other than those specifically set forth herein or in the Engagement Letter; (2) shall be liable for any improper payment made in accordance with the information provided by the Company; (3) makes any representation or warranty, or has any responsibilities as to the validity, accuracy, value or genuineness of any information, certificates or documentation delivered by or on behalf of the Company pursuant to this Agreement or the Transaction Documents or in connection with any of the transactions contemplated hereby; or (4) shall be liable (x) for any action taken, suffered or omitted by any of them in good faith and reasonably believed to be authorized or within the discretion or rights or powers conferred upon it by this Agreement or any Transaction Document or (y) for anything which any of them may do or refrain from doing in connection with this Agreement or any Transaction Document, except for such party's own gross negligence, willful misconduct or bad faith.
 
(ii)           The Placement Agent, and its affiliates and representatives shall be entitled to (1) rely on, and shall be protected in acting upon, any certificate, instrument, opinion, notice, letter or any other document or security delivered to any of them by or on behalf of the Company, and (2) be indemnified by the Company for acting as Placement Agent hereunder pursuant the indemnification provisions set forth in the Engagement Letter.
 
(k)           Survival . The representations, warranties, agreements and covenants shall survive the Closing. Each Buyer shall be responsible only for its own representations, warranties, agreements and covenants hereunder.
 
 (l)            Further Assurances . Each party shall do and perform, or cause to be done and performed, all such further acts and things, and shall execute and deliver all such other agreements, certificates, instruments and documents, as any other party may reasonably request in order to carry out the intent and accomplish the purposes of this Agreement and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby.
 
 
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(m)          Indemnification .
 
(i)            In consideration of each Buyer’s execution and delivery of the Transaction Documents and acquiring the Securities thereunder and in addition to all of the Company’s other obligations under the Transaction Documents, the Company shall defend, protect, indemnify and hold harmless each Buyer and each holder of any Securities and all of their stockholders, partners, members, officers, directors, employees and direct or indirect investors and any of the foregoing Persons’ agents or other representatives (including, without limitation, those retained in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement) (collectively, the “ Indemnitees ”) from and against any and all actions, causes of action, suits, claims, losses, costs, penalties, fees, liabilities and damages, and expenses in connection therewith (irrespective of whether any such Indemnitee is a party to the action for which indemnification hereunder is sought), and including reasonable attorneys’ fees and disbursements (the “ Indemnified Liabilities ”), incurred by any Indemnitee as a result of, or arising out of, or relating to (i) any misrepresentation or breach of any representation or warranty made by the Company or any Subsidiary in any of the Transaction Documents, (ii) any breach of any covenant, agreement or obligation of the Company or any Subsidiary contained in any of the Transaction Documents or (iii) any cause of action, suit, proceeding or claim brought or made against such Indemnitee by a third party (including for these purposes a derivative action brought on behalf of the Company or any Subsidiary) or which otherwise involves such Indemnitee that arises out of or results from (A) the execution, delivery, performance or enforcement of any of the Transaction Documents, (B) any transaction financed or to be financed in whole or in part, directly or indirectly, with the proceeds of the issuance of the Securities, (C) any disclosure properly made by such Buyer pursuant to Section 4(k), or (D) the status of such Buyer or holder of the Securities either as an investor in the Company pursuant to the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents or as a party to this Agreement (including, without limitation, as a party in interest or otherwise in any action or proceeding for injunctive or other equitable relief). To the extent that the foregoing undertaking by the Company may be unenforceable for any reason, the Company shall make the maximum contribution to the payment and satisfaction of each of the Indemnified Liabilities which is permissible under applicable law.
 
(ii)           Promptly after receipt by an Indemnitee under this Section 9(m) of notice of the commencement of any action or proceeding (including any governmental action or proceeding) involving an Indemnified Liability, such Indemnitee shall, if a claim in respect thereof is to be made against the Company under this Section 9(m), deliver to the Company a written notice of the commencement thereof, and the Company shall have the right to participate in, and, to the extent the Company so desires, to assume control of the defense thereof with counsel mutually satisfactory to the Company and the Indemnitee; provided, however, that an Indemnitee shall have the right to retain its own counsel with the fees and expenses of such counsel to be paid by the Company if: (A) the Company has agreed in writing to pay such fees and expenses; (B) the Company shall have failed promptly to assume the defense of such Indemnified Liability and to employ counsel reasonably satisfactory to such Indemnitee in any such Indemnified Liability; or (C) the named parties to any such Indemnified Liability (including any impleaded parties) include both such Indemnitee and the Company, and such Indemnitee shall have been advised by counsel that a conflict of interest is likely to exist if the same counsel were to represent such Indemnitee and the Company (in which case, if such Indemnitee notifies the Company in writing that it elects to employ separate counsel at the expense of the Company, then the Company shall not have the right to assume the defense thereof and such counsel shall be at the expense of the Company), provided further, that in the case of clause (C) above the Company shall not be responsible for the reasonable fees and expenses of more than one (1) separate legal counsel for the Indemnitees. The Indemnitee shall reasonably cooperate with the Company in connection with any negotiation or defense of any such action or Indemnified Liability by the Company and shall furnish to the Company all information reasonably available to the Indemnitee which relates to such action or Indemnified Liability. The Company shall keep the Indemnitee reasonably apprised at all times as to the status of the defense or any settlement negotiations with respect thereto. The Company shall not be liable for any settlement of any action, claim or proceeding effected without its prior written consent, provided, however, that the Company shall not unreasonably withhold, delay or condition its consent. The Company shall not, without the prior written consent of the Indemnitee, consent to entry of any judgment or enter into any settlement or other compromise which does not include as an unconditional term thereof the giving by the claimant or plaintiff to such Indemnitee of a release from all liability in respect to such Indemnified Liability or litigation, and such settlement shall not include any admission as to fault on the part of the Indemnitee. Following indemnification as provided for hereunder, the Company shall be subrogated to all rights of the Indemnitee with respect to all third parties, firms or corporations relating to the matter for which indemnification has been made. The failure to deliver written notice to the Company within a reasonable time of the commencement of any such action shall not relieve the Company of any liability to the Indemnitee under this Section 9(m), except to the extent that the Company is materially and adversely prejudiced in its ability to defend such action.
 
 (iii)          The indemnification required by this Section 9(m) shall be made by periodic payments of the amount thereof during the course of the investigation or defense, within ten (10) days after bills are received or Indemnified Liabilities are incurred.
 
(iv)          The indemnity agreement contained herein shall be in addition to (A) any cause of action or similar right of the Indemnitee against the Company or others, and (B) any liabilities the Company may be subject to pursuant to the law.
 
(n)           Construction . The language used in this Agreement will be deemed to be the language chosen by the parties to express their mutual intent, and no rules of strict construction will be applied against any party. No specific representation or warranty shall limit the generality or applicability of a more general representation or warranty. Each and every reference to share prices, shares of Common Stock and any other numbers in this Agreement that relate to the Common Stock shall be automatically adjusted for any stock splits, stock dividends, stock combinations, recapitalizations or other similar transactions that occur with respect to the Common Stock after the date of this Agreement. Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, for the avoidance of doubt, nothing contained herein shall constitute a representation or warranty against, or a prohibition of, any actions with respect to the borrowing of, arrangement to borrow, identification of the availability of, and/or securing of, securities of the Company in order for such Buyer (or its broker or other financial representative) to effect short sales or similar transactions in the future.
 
(o)           Remedies . Each Buyer and in the event of assignment by Buyer of its rights and obligations hereunder, each holder of Securities, shall have all rights and remedies set forth in the Transaction Documents and all rights and remedies which such holders have been granted at any time under any other agreement or contract and all of the rights which such holders have under any law. Any Person having any rights under any provision of this Agreement shall be entitled to enforce such rights specifically (without posting a bond or other security), to recover damages by reason of any breach of any provision of this Agreement and to exercise all other rights granted by law. Furthermore, the Company recognizes that in the event that it or any Subsidiary fails to perform, observe, or discharge any or all of its or such Subsidiary’s (as the case may be) obligations under the Transaction Documents, any remedy at law would inadequate relief to the Buyers. The Company therefore agrees that the Buyers shall be entitled to specific performance and/or temporary, preliminary and permanent injunctive or other equitable relief from any court of competent jurisdiction in any such case without the necessity of proving actual damages and without posting a bond or other security. The remedies provided in this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents shall be cumulative and in addition to all other remedies available under this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents, at law or in equity (including a decree of specific performance and/or other injunctive relief).
 
(p)           Withdrawal Right . Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in (and without limiting any similar provisions of) the Transaction Documents, whenever any Buyer exercises a right, election, demand or option under a Transaction Document and the Company or any Subsidiary does not timely perform its related obligations within the periods therein provided, then such Buyer may rescind or withdraw, in its sole discretion from time to time upon written notice to the Company or such Subsidiary (as the case may be), any relevant notice, demand or election in whole or in part without prejudice to its future actions and rights.
 
(q)           Payment Set Aside; Currency . To the extent that the Company makes a payment or payments to any Buyer hereunder or pursuant to any of the other Transaction Documents or any of the Buyers enforce or exercise their rights hereunder or thereunder, and such payment or payments or the proceeds of such enforcement or exercise or any part thereof are subsequently invalidated, declared to be fraudulent or preferential, set aside, recovered from, disgorged by or are required to be refunded, repaid or otherwise restored to the Company, a trustee, receiver or any other Person under any law (including, without limitation, any bankruptcy law, foreign, state or federal law, common law or equitable cause of action), then to the extent of any such restoration the obligation or part thereof originally intended to be satisfied shall be revived and continued in full force and effect as if such payment had not been made or such enforcement or setoff had not occurred. Unless otherwise expressly indicated, all dollar amounts referred to in this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents are in United States Dollars (“ U.S. Dollars ”), and all amounts owing under this Agreement and all other Transaction Documents shall be paid in U.S. Dollars. All amounts denominated in other currencies (if any) shall be converted into the U.S. Dollar equivalent amount in accordance with the Exchange Rate on the date of calculation. “ Exchange Rate ” means, in relation to any amount of currency to be converted into U.S. Dollars pursuant to this Agreement, the U.S. Dollar exchange rate as published in the Wall Street Journal on the relevant date of calculation.
 
 (r)            Judgment Currency .
 
(i)            If for the purpose of obtaining or enforcing judgment against the Company in connection with this Agreement or any other Transaction Document in any court in any jurisdiction it becomes necessary to convert into any other currency (such other currency being hereinafter in this Section 9(r) referred to as the “ Judgment Currency ”) an amount due in US Dollars under this Agreement, the conversion shall be made at the Exchange Rate prevailing on the Trading Day (as defined in the Warrants) immediately preceding:
 
(1)          the date actual payment of the amount due, in the case of any proceeding in the courts of New York or in the courts of any other jurisdiction that will give effect to such conversion being made on such date: or
 
(2)          the date on which the foreign court determines, in the case of any proceeding in the courts of any other jurisdiction (the date as of which such conversion is made pursuant to Section 9(r)(i)(1) being hereinafter referred to as the “ Judgment Conversion Date ”).
 
(ii)           If in the case of any proceeding in the court of any jurisdiction referred to in Section 9(r)(i)(1) above, there is a change in the Exchange Rate prevailing between the Judgment Conversion Date and the date of actual payment of the amount due, the applicable party shall pay such adjusted amount as may be necessary to ensure that the amount paid in the Judgment Currency, when converted at the Exchange Rate prevailing on the date of payment, will produce the amount of US Dollars which could have been purchased with the amount of Judgment Currency stipulated in the judgment or judicial order at the Exchange Rate prevailing on the Judgment Conversion Date.
 
(iii)          Any amount due from the Company under this provision shall be due as a separate debt and shall not be affected by judgment being obtained for any other amounts due under or in respect of this Agreement or any other Transaction Document.
 
(s)           Independent Nature of Buyers’ Obligations and Rights . The obligations of each Buyer under the Transaction Documents are several and not joint with the obligations of any other Buyer, and no Buyer shall be responsible in any way for the performance of the obligations of any other Buyer under any Transaction Document. Nothing contained herein or in any other Transaction Document, and no action taken by any Buyer pursuant hereto or thereto, shall be deemed to constitute the Buyers as, and the Company acknowledges that the Buyers do not so constitute, a partnership, an association, a joint venture or any other kind of group or entity, or create a presumption that the Buyers are in any way acting in concert or as a group or entity, and the Company shall not assert any such claim with respect to such obligations or the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents or any matters, and the Company acknowledges that the Buyers are not acting in concert or as a group, and the Company shall not assert any such claim, with respect to such obligations or the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents. The decision of each Buyer to purchase Securities pursuant to the Transaction Documents has been made by such Buyer independently of any other Buyer. Each Buyer acknowledges that no other Buyer has acted as agent for such Buyer in connection with such Buyer making its investment hereunder and that no other Buyer will be acting as agent of such Buyer in connection with monitoring such Buyer’s investment in the Securities or enforcing its rights under the Transaction Documents. The Company and each Buyer confirms that each Buyer has independently participated with the Company and its Subsidiaries in the negotiation of the transaction contemplated hereby with the advice of its own counsel and advisors. Each Buyer shall be entitled to independently protect and enforce its rights, including, without limitation, the rights arising out of this Agreement or out of any other Transaction Documents, and it shall not be necessary for any other Buyer to be joined as an additional party in any proceeding for such purpose. The use of a single agreement to effectuate the purchase and sale of the Securities contemplated hereby was solely in the control of the Company, not the action or decision of any Buyer, and was done solely for the convenience of the Company and its Subsidiaries and not because it was required or requested to do so by any Buyer. It is expressly understood and agreed that each provision contained in this Agreement and in each other Transaction Document is between the Company, each Subsidiary and a Buyer, solely, and not between the Company, its Subsidiaries and the Buyers collectively and not between and among the Buyers.
 
[ signature pages follow ]
 
15
 
 
 
 
 
 
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, each Buyer and the Company have caused their respective signature page to this Agreement to be duly executed as of the date first written above.
 
 
COMPANY:
 
 
 
 
 
Q BIOMED INC.
 
 
 
 
 
By: 
    
 
 
Name:Title:
 
 
 
 
 
  16
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, each Buyer and the Company have caused their respective signature page to this Agreement to be duly executed as of the date first written above.
 
 
BUYER:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
By: 
    
 
 
Name:Title:
 
 
☐ Notwithstanding anything contained in this Agreement to the contrary, by checking this box (i) the obligations of the above-signed to purchase the securities set forth in this Agreement to be purchased from the Company by the above-signed, and the obligations of the Company to sell such securities to the above-signed, shall be unconditional and all conditions to Closing shall be disregarded, (ii) the Closing shall occur on the second (2 nd ) Trading Day following the date of this Agreement and (iii) any condition to Closing contemplated by this Agreement (but prior to being disregarded by clause (i) above) that required delivery by the Company or the above-signed of any agreement, instrument, certificate or the like or purchase price (as applicable) shall no longer be a condition and shall instead be an unconditional obligation of the Company or the above-signed (as applicable) to deliver such agreement, instrument, certificate or the like or purchase price (as applicable) to such other party on the Closing Date. 
 
 17
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SCHEDULE OF BUYERS 
 
 
(1)
 
 
 
(2)
 
 
 
(3)
 
 
 
 
 
 
(4)
 
 
 
(5)
 
 
 
(6)
 
(7)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Buyer
 
 
 
Address and Facsimile Number
 
 
 
AggregateNumber ofCommon Shares
 
 
 
 
 
 
AggregateNumber of Warrant Shares
 
 
 
Purchase Price
 
 
 
Legal Representative’sAddress and Facsimile Number
 
Social Security, Tax ID or Other Identification Number
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  18
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Exhibit 23.1
 
INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM’S CONSENT
 
We consent to the inclusion in this Registration Statement of Q BioMed Inc. on Form S-1 Amendment No. 2 (File Number 333-222008) of our report dated February 28, 2017, which includes an explanatory paragraph as to the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern, with respect to our audits of the financial statements of Q BioMed Inc. as of November 30, 2016 and 2015 and for the years ended November 30, 2016 and 2015, which report appears in the Prospectus, which is part of this Registration Statement. We also consent to the reference to our Firm under the heading “Experts” in such Prospectus.
 
 
/s/ Marcum LLP
Marcum LLP
New York, NY
January 10, 2018