ENDRA Life Sciences Inc. (Form: 10-Q, Received: 11/05/2018 17:26:56)

(Zip Code)

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

☑ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2018

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

COMMISSION FILE NUMBER 001-37969

ENDRA LIFE SCIENCES INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware		26-0579295
(State of incorporation)		(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

3600 Green Court, Suite 350, Ann Arbor, MI 48105-1570

(Address of principal executive office) ( Zip code )

(734) 335-0468

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☑ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes ☑ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act:

Large accelerated filer	☐	Accelerated filer	☐
Non-accelerated filer	☑	Smaller reporting company	☑
		Emerging growth company	☑

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☑

As of November 2, 2018, there were 5,425,578 shares of our Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share, outstanding.

ENDRA LIFE SCIENCES INC.

FORM 10-Q

FOR THE THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2018

INDEX

PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION	PAGE

Item 1. Financial Statements	3

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	15

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure About Market Risk	21

Item 4. Controls and Procedures	21

PART II – OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings	22

Item 1A. Risk Factors	22

Item 2. Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities; Use of Proceeds from Registered Securities	23

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities	23

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures	23

Item 5. Other Information	23

Item 6. Exhibits	24

SIGNATURES	25

EXHIBIT INDEX	26

PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements

ENDRA Life Sciences Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets

	September 30	December 31,
Assets	2018	2017
Assets	(unaudited)
Cash	$ 637,124	$ 5,601,878
Accounts receivable	12,275	6,850
Prepaid expenses	328,046	67,496
Inventory	-	191,680
Other current assets	21,166	14,249
Total Current Assets	998,611	5,882,153
Other Assets
Fixed assets, net	293,303	241,549
Total Assets	$ 1,291,914	$ 6,123,702

Liabilities and Stockholders’ (Deficit) Equity
Current Liabilities:
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities	$ 1,068,337	$ 848,214
Convertible notes payable, net of discount	681,187	-
Total Liabilities	1,749,524	848,214

Stockholders’ (Deficit) Equity
Preferred stock, $0.0001 par value; 10,000,000 shares authorized; no shares issued or outstanding	-	-
Common stock, $0.0001 par value; 50,000,000 shares authorized; 3,947,828 and 3,923,027 shares issued and outstanding, respectively	394	392
Additional paid in capital	24,868,082	23,170,531
Accumulated deficit	(25,326,086 )	(17,895,435 )
Total Stockholders’ (Deficit) Equity	(457,610 )	5,275,488
Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ (Deficit) Equity	$ 1,291,914	$ 6,123,702

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

ENDRA Life Sciences Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations

(Unaudited)

	Three Months Ended	Three Months Ended	Nine Months Ended	Nine Months Ended
	September 30,	September 30,	September 30,	September 30,
	2018	2017	2018	2017
Revenue	$ -	$ 287,000	$ 6,174	$ 344,772

Cost of Goods Sold	-	118,270	-	169,697

Gross Profit	$ -	$ 168,730	$ 6,174	$ 175,075

Operating Expenses
Research and development	1,162,911	300,527	3,671,490	571,066
Sales and marketing	72,179	47,375	220,713	55,403
General and administrative	832,883	731,762	2,842,631	1,878,093
Impairment of inventory	287,541	-	287,541	-
Total operating expenses	2,355,514	1,079,664	7,022,375	2,504,562

Operating loss	(2,355,514 )	(910,934 )	(7,016,201 )	(2,329,487 )

Other Expenses
Other income (expense)	(403,061 )	2,026	(414,450 )	(752,835 )
Total other expenses	(403,061 )	2,026	(414,450 )	(752,835 )

Loss from operations before income taxes	(2,758,575 )	(908,908 )	(7,430,651 )	(3,082,322 )

Provision for income taxes	-	-	-	-

Net Loss	$ (2,758,575 )	$ (908,908 )	$ (7,430,651 )	$ (3,082,322 )

Net loss per share – basic and diluted	$ (0.70 )	$ (0.23 )	$ (1.89 )	$ (1.30 )

Weighted average common shares – basic and diluted	3,927,933	3,907,027	3,924,662	2,367,452

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

ENDRA Life Sciences Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(Unaudited)

	Nine Months Ended	Nine Months Ended
	September 30,	September 30,
	2018	2017
Cash Flows from Operating Activities
Net loss	$ (7,430,651 )	$ (3,082,322 )
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	48,246	46,121
Common stock, options and warrants issued for services	1,060,012	600,514
Interest on discount of convertible debt	-	711,472
Imputed interest on promissory notes	-	1,480
Amortization of debt discount	383,428	-
Impairment of inventory	287,541	-
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Increase in accounts receivable	(5,425 )	-
Increase in prepaid expenses	(260,550 )	(101,254 )
(Increase)/decrease in inventory	(95,861 )	(91,574 )
Increase in other asset	(6,918 )	(1,887 )
Increase/(decrease) in accounts payable and accrued liabilities	220,124	(7,879 )
Net cash used in operating activities	(5,800,054 )	(1,925,329 )

Cash Flows from Investing Activities:
Purchases of fixed assets	(100,000 )	(7,862 )
Net cash used in investing activities	(100,000 )	(7,862 )

Cash Flows from Financing Activities
Proceeds from issuance of common stock	-	8,590,700
Repayment of notes payable	-	(50,000 )
Proceeds from convertible notes	935,300	225,000
Net cash provided by financing activities	935,300	8,765,700

Net (Decrease)/Increase in cash	(4,964,754 )	6,832,509

Cash, beginning of period	5,601,878	144,953

Cash, end of period	$ 637,124	$ 6,977,462

Supplemental disclosures:
Interest paid	$ -	$ -
Income tax paid	$ -	$ -

Supplemental disclosures of non-cash Items:
Discount on convertible notes	$ 587,541	$ 225,000
Conversion of convertible notes and accrued interest	$ 50,000	$ 1,726,079

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

ENDRA Life Sciences Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017

(Unaudited)

Note 1 – Nature of the Business

ENDRA Life Sciences Inc. (“ENDRA” or the “Company”) is developing a medical imaging technology based on the thermoacoustic effect that improves the sensitivity and specificity of clinical ultrasound.

On May 8, 2017, the Company effected a 1-for-3.5 reverse stock split (the “Reverse Split”) of the Company’s common stock, with no reduction in authorized capital stock. In the Reverse Split, every 3.5 outstanding shares of common stock became one (1) share of common stock. All common stock and stock incentive plan information in these financial statements reflect the Reverse Split.

ENDRA was incorporated on July 18, 2007 as a Delaware corporation.

ENDRA Life Sciences Canada Inc. was organized under the laws of Ontario, Canada on July 6, 2017, and is wholly owned by the Company.

Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Use of Estimates

The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, and disclosure of contingent liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Management makes estimates that affect certain accounts including deferred income tax assets, accrued expenses, fair value of equity instruments and reserves for any other commitments or contingencies. Any adjustments applied to estimates are recognized in the period in which such adjustments are determined.

Principles of Consolidation

The Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include all accounts of the Company and its consolidated subsidiary for the reporting period(s) then ended. All inter-company balances and transactions have been eliminated.

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes have been prepared pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). Accordingly, certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles have been omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. Operating results for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ended December 31, 2018. The balance sheet at December 31, 2017 has been derived from the audited financial statements at such date. For further information, refer to the financial statements and footnotes thereto included in ENDRA Life Sciences Inc. annual financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2017 included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 20, 2018.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

The Company considers all cash on hand and in banks, including accounts in book overdraft positions, certificates of deposit and other highly-liquid investments with maturities of one year or less, when purchased, to be cash. As of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the Company had no cash equivalents. The Company maintains its cash in bank deposit accounts which, at times, may exceed federally insured limits. The Company has not experienced any losses in such accounts and periodically evaluates the credit worthiness of the financial institutions and has determined the credit exposure to be negligible.

Inventory

The Company’s inventory is stated at the lower of cost or estimated net realizable value, with cost primarily determined on a weighted-average cost basis on the first-in, first-out method. The Company periodically determines whether a reserve should be taken for devaluation or obsolescence of inventory. As of September 30, 2018 the Company determined it should take a reserve equal to the full amount of its available inventory. As of December 31, 2017, no such reserve was taken.

Capitalization of Fixed Assets

The Company capitalizes expenditures related to property and equipment, subject to a minimum rule, that have a useful life greater than one year for: (1) assets purchased; (2) existing assets that are replaced, improved or the useful lives have been extended; or (3) all land, regardless of cost. Acquisitions of new assets, additions, replacements and improvements (other than land) costing less than the minimum rule in addition to maintenance and repair costs, including any planned major maintenance activities, are expensed as incurred.

Capitalization of Intangible Assets

The Company records the purchase of intangible assets not purchased in a business combination in accordance with the ASC Topic 350.

Revenue Recognition

In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2014-09, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers” (“ASC Topic 606”). This standard provides a single set of guidelines for revenue recognition to be used across all industries and requires additional disclosures. The updated guidance introduces a five-step model to achieve its core principal of the entity recognizing revenue to depict the transfer of goods or services to customers at an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The Company adopted the updated guidance effective January 1, 2018 using the full retrospective method. The new standard did not have a material impact on its financial position and results of operations, as it did not change the manner or timing of recognizing revenue.

Under ASC Topic 606, in order to recognize revenue, the Company is required to identify an approved contract with commitments to perform respective obligations, identify rights of each party in the transaction regarding goods to be transferred, identify the payment terms for the goods transferred, verify that the contract has commercial substance and verify that collection of substantially all consideration is probable. The adoption of ASC Topic 606 did not have an impact on the Company’s operations or cash flows.

Research and Development Costs

The Company follows ASC Subtopic 730-10, “Research and Development”. Research and development costs are charged to the statement of operations as incurred. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 and September 30, 2017, the Company incurred $1,162,911 and $3,671,490, and $300,527 and $571,066, of expenses related to research and development costs, respectively.

Net Earnings (Loss) Per Common Share

The Company computes earnings per share under ASC Subtopic 260-10, “Earnings Per Share” (“ASC 260-10”). Basic earnings (loss) per share is computed by dividing the net income (loss) attributable to the common stockholders (the numerator) by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding (the denominator) during the reporting periods. Diluted loss per share is computed by increasing the denominator by the weighted average number of additional shares that could have been outstanding from securities convertible into common stock (using the “treasury stock” method), unless their effect on net loss per share is anti-dilutive. There were 3,238,737 and 3,208,262 potentially dilutive shares, which include outstanding common stock options, warrants, and convertible notes, as of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively.

The potential shares, which are excluded from the determination of basic and diluted net loss per share as their effect is anti-dilutive, are as follows:

	September 30, 2018	December 31, 2017
Options to purchase common stock	978,911	940,121
Warrants to purchase common stock	2,259,826	2,268,141
Potential equivalent shares excluded	3,238,737	3,208,262

Fair Value Measurements

Disclosures about fair value of financial instruments require disclosure of the fair value information, whether or not recognized in the balance sheet, where it is practicable to estimate that value.

In accordance with ASC Topic 820, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures,” the Company measures certain financial instruments at fair value on a recurring basis. ASC Topic 820 defines fair value, established a framework for measuring fair value in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States, and expands disclosures about fair value measurements.

Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. ASC Topic 820 established a three-tier fair value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurements) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurements). These tiers include:

● Level 1, defined as observable inputs such as quoted prices for identical instruments in active markets;

● Level 2, defined as inputs other than quoted prices in active markets that are either directly or indirectly observable such as quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets or quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active; and

● Level 3, defined as unobservable inputs in which little or no market data exists, therefore requiring an entity to develop its own assumptions, such as valuations derived from valuation techniques in which one or more significant inputs or significant value drivers are unobservable.

Financial assets are considered Level 3 when their fair values are determined using pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies or similar techniques and at least one significant model assumption or input is unobservable.

The carrying amounts of the Company’s financial assets and liabilities, including cash, accounts receivable, prepaid expenses, accounts payable, accrued expenses, and other current liabilities, approximate their fair values because of the short maturity of these instruments. The fair value of notes payable and convertible notes approximates their fair values since the current interest rates and terms on these obligations are the same as prevailing market rates.

Share-based Compensation

The Company’s 2016 Omnibus Incentive Plan (the “Omnibus Plan”) permits the grant of stock options and other share-based awards to its employees, consultants and non-employee members of the board of directors covering up to 1,345,074 shares of common stock, of which approximately 350,000 remain available to be granted. Each January 1 the pool of shares available for issuance under the Omnibus Plan will automatically increase by an amount equal to the lesser of (i) the number of shares necessary such that the aggregate number of shares available under the Omnibus Plan equals 25% of the number of fully-diluted outstanding shares on the increase date (assuming the conversion of all outstanding shares of preferred stock and other outstanding convertible securities and exercise of all outstanding options and warrants to purchase shares) and (ii) if the board of directors takes action to set a lower amount, the amount determined by the board.

The Company records share-based compensation in accordance with the provisions of the Share-based Compensation Topic of the FASB Codification. The guidance requires the use of option-pricing models that require the input of highly subjective assumptions, including the option’s expected life and the price volatility of the underlying stock. The fair value of each option grant is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option valuation model, and the resulting charge is expensed using the straight-line attribution method over the vesting period. The Company has elected to use the calculated value method to account for the options it issued in 2017 (prior to commencement on June 28, 2017 of public trading in the Company’s common stock). Under the Share-based Compensation Topic of the FASB Codification, a nonpublic entity that is unable to estimate the expected volatility of the price of its underlying shares may measure awards based on a “calculated value,” which substitutes the volatility of appropriate public companies (representative of the company’s size and industry) as a benchmark for the volatility of the entity’s own share price. The Company has used the historical closing values of these companies to estimate volatility, which was calculated to be 90%, for periods prior to June 28, 2017, when there was no active market for the Company’s common stock.

Stock compensation expense recognized during the period is based on the value of share-based awards that were expected to vest during the period adjusted for estimated forfeitures. The estimated fair value of grants of stock options and warrants to non-employees of the Company is charged to expense, if applicable, in the financial statements. These options vest in the same manner as the employee options granted under the stock incentive plan as described above.

Beneficial Conversion Feature

If the conversion feature of conventional convertible debt provides for a rate of conversion that is below market value, this feature is characterized as a beneficial conversion feature (“BCF”). A BCF is recorded by the Company as a debt discount pursuant to ASC Topic 470-20 “Debt with Conversion and Other Options.” In those circumstances, the convertible debt is recorded net of the discount related to the BCF and the Company amortizes the discount to interest expense over the life of the debt using the effective interest method.

Debt Discount

The Company determines if the convertible promissory notes should be accounted for as liability or equity under ASC Topic 480, Liabilities — Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity. ASC Topic 480 applies to certain contracts involving a company’s own equity, and requires that issuers classify the following freestanding financial instruments as liabilities: mandatorily redeemable financial instruments, obligations that require or may require repurchase of the issuer’s equity shares by transferring assets (e.g., written put options and forward purchase contracts), and certain obligations where at inception the monetary value of the obligation is based solely or predominantly on:

● A fixed monetary amount known at inception (for example, a payable settleable with a variable number of the issuer’s equity shares with an issuance date fair value equal to a fixed dollar amount);

● Variations in something other than the fair value of the issuer’s equity shares (for example, a financial instrument indexed to the S&P 500 and settleable with a variable number of the issuer’s equity shares); or

● Variations inversely related to changes in the fair value of the issuer’s equity shares (for example, a written put that could be net share settled).

If the Company determines the instrument meets the guidance under ASC Topic 480, the instrument is accounted for as a liability with a respective debt discount. The Company has previously recorded debt discounts in connection with raising funds through the issuance of promissory notes. These costs are amortized to noncash interest expense over the life of the debt. If a conversion of the underlying debt occurs, a proportionate share of the unamortized amounts is immediately expensed. See Note 6, Convertible Notes, for further discussion on the Company’s accounting treatment for the outstanding notes.

Going Concern

The Company’s financial statements are prepared using accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“U.S. GAAP”) applicable to a going concern, which contemplates the realization of assets and liquidation of liabilities in the normal course of business. The Company has limited commercial experience and had a cumulative net loss from inception to September 30, 2018 of $25,326,086. The Company had working capital deficit of $750,911 as of September 30, 2018. The Company has not established an ongoing source of revenue sufficient to cover its operating costs and to allow it to continue as a going concern. The accompanying financial statements for the period ended September 30, 2018 have been prepared assuming the Company will continue as a going concern. The Company’s cash resources will likely be insufficient to meet its anticipated needs during the next twelve months. The Company will require additional financing to fund its future planned operations, including research and development and commercialization of its products.

The ability of the Company to continue as a going concern is dependent on the Company obtaining adequate capital to fund operating losses until it establishes a revenue stream and becomes profitable. Management’s plans to continue as a going concern include raising additional capital through sales of equity securities and borrowing. However, management cannot provide any assurances that the Company will be successful in accomplishing any of its plans. If the Company is not able to obtain the necessary additional financing on a timely basis, the Company will be required to delay, reduce the scope of or eliminate one or more of the Company’s research and development activities or commercialization efforts or perhaps even cease the operation of its business. The ability of the Company to continue as a going concern is dependent upon its ability to successfully secure other sources of financing and attain profitable operations. There is substantial doubt about the ability of the Company to continue as a going concern for one year from the issuance of the accompanying financial statements. The accompanying financial statements do not include any adjustments that might be necessary if the Company is unable to continue as a going concern.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. ASU 2014-09 is a comprehensive revenue recognition standard that supersedes nearly all existing revenue recognition guidance under current U.S. GAAP and replace it with a principle based approach for determining revenue recognition. Under ASU 2014-09, revenue is recognized when a customer obtains control of promised goods or services and is recognized in an amount that reflects the consideration which the entity expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services. In addition, the standard requires disclosure of the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from contracts with customers. The FASB has recently issued ASU 2016-08, ASU 2016-10, ASU 2016-11, ASU 2016-12, and ASU 2016-20, all of which clarify certain implementation guidance within ASU 2014-09. ASU 2014-09 is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017. The standard can be adopted either retrospectively to each prior reporting period presented (full retrospective method), or retrospectively with the cumulative effect of initially applying the guidance recognized at the date of initial application (the cumulative catch-up transition method). The Company has reviewed ASU 2014-09 and using the full retrospective method has determined that its adoption has had no impact on its financial position, results of operations or cash flows. The Company adopted the provisions of this statement in the first quarter of fiscal 2018.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases. ASU 2016-02 requires a lessee to record a right of use asset and a corresponding lease liability on the balance sheet for all leases with terms longer than 12 months. ASU 2016-02 is effective for all interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018. Early adoption is permitted. A modified retrospective transition approach is required for lessees for capital and operating leases existing at, or entered into after, the beginning of the earliest period presented in the financial statements. The Company is currently evaluating the expected impact that the standard could have on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

In May 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-09, Compensation – Stock Compensation (Topic 718) Scope of Modification Accounting. The amendments in ASU 2017-09 provide guidance about which changes to the terms or conditions of a share-based payment award require an entity to apply modification accounting in Topic 718. The adoption of ASU 2017-09, which is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017 and for interim periods within those annual periods, did not have any impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statement presentation or disclosures.

Other recent accounting pronouncements issued by the FASB, including its Emerging Issues Task Force, the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants, and the SEC did not or in management’s opinion will not have a material impact on the Company’s present or future consolidated financial statements.

Note 3 – Inventory

As of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, inventory consisted of raw materials to be used in the assembly of a Nexus 128 system. As of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 the Company had no orders pending for the sale of a Nexus 128 system. On June 15, 2018, the Company reported that it would explore strategic alternatives with respect to its pre-clinical business, including a potential sale. As of September 30, 2018 the Company took a full reserve against its available inventory of parts for the Nexus 128 system.

Note 4 – Fixed Assets

As of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, fixed assets consisted of the following:

	September 30, 2018	December 31, 2017
Computer equipment and fixtures	$ 679,179	$ 579,179
Accumulated depreciation	(385,876 )	(337,630 )
Fixed assets, net	$ 293,303	$ 241,549

Depreciation expense for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 was $18,042 and $48,246, and $15,157 and $46,121, respectively.

Note 5 – Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities

As of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, current liabilities consisted of the following:

	September 30, 2018	December 31, 2017
Accounts payable	$ 750,580	$ 780,262
Accrued payroll	8,843	40,578
Accrued bonuses	197,623	-
Accrued employee benefits	64,920	27,375
Insurance premium financing	46,088	-
Accrued interest on senior secured convertible promissory notes	283	-
Total	$ 1,068,337	$ 848,215

Note 6 – Convertible Notes

On June 28, 2018, the Company conducted a private placement offering in which the Company sold $1,077,000 aggregate principal amount of senior secured convertible promissory notes (the “Notes”) to accredited investors and National Securities Corporation, which served as placement agent in the offering. Certain of the Company’s officers and directors participated in the offering.

The Notes are convertible into common stock at a conversion price equal to the lesser of (a) the lowest per share price at which common stock is sold in a Qualified Financing (as defined below), as applicable, less a discount of 20%, or (b) $2.016, but in any event no less than a conversion price floor of $1.40.

Each Note bears interest at a rate of 10% per annum until maturity on December 31, 2018 (the “Maturity Date”). Interest will be paid in arrears on the outstanding principal amount on the three month anniversary of the issuance of the Notes and each three month period thereafter and on the Maturity Date or on the date of conversion in full of each such Note. The principal amount of the Notes will automatically convert into shares of common stock (i) upon the consummation of a sale by the Company of common stock resulting in aggregate gross cash proceeds of at least $7.0 million (a “Qualified Financing”) or (ii) if the holders of a majority of the aggregate principal amount of outstanding Notes elect to convert the Notes at any time until three days prior to a Qualified Financing. Additionally, noteholders are entitled to convert the principal amount of Notes into common stock (i) at any time until three days prior to the consummation of a Qualified Financing or (ii) if a material Event of Default (as defined in the Notes) shall have occurred and be continuing. In each case, conversion is subject to the terms and provisions of the Notes.

The Notes provide for customary events of default. In the case of an event of default with respect to the Notes, each Noteholder may declare its Note to be due and payable immediately without further action or notice. If such an event of default occurs and be continuing, the rate of interest on the Notes will automatically be increased to 15% until the default is cured.

In addition, on June 28, 2018, the Company issued warrants exercisable for 267,113 shares of the Company’s common stock to accredited investors and issued to National Securities Corporation, which served as placement agent in the offering, and its designees warrants exercisable for 53,423 shares of common stock. Each warrant will entitle the holder to purchase shares of Common Stock for an exercise price per share equal to $2.52, which was the closing bid price of shares of Common Stock on the NASDAQ Capital Market on June 27, 2018. The warrants are exercisable commencing six months after the date of issuance and expire June 28, 2021. The fair value of these warrants was determined to be $587,541 using the Black-Scholes-Merton option-pricing model based on the following assumptions: (i) volatility rate of 99%, (ii) discount rate of 0%, (iii) zero expected dividend yield, and (iv) expected life of 3 years. The value of the warrants of $587,541 was considered as debt discount upon issuance and was being amortized as interest over the term of the notes or in full upon the conversion of the corresponding notes. During three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, the Company amortized $5,822 and $377,606 of such discount to interest expense, and the unamortized discount as of September 30, 2018 was $345,813.

Note 7 – Capital Stock

At September 30, 2018, the authorized capital of the Company consisted of 60,000,000 shares of capital stock, consisting of 50,000,000 shares of common stock with a par value of $0.0001 per share, and 10,000,000 shares of preferred stock with a par value of $0.0001 per share. As of September 30, 2018, there were 3,947,828 shares of common stock issued and outstanding and no preferred stock outstanding.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2018, the Company issued 24,801 shares of common stock for the conversion of $50,000 of Notes.

During the year ended December 31, 2017, the Company issued 16,000 shares of common stock for services valued at $57,440, $47,865 of which was expensed during the nine months ended September 30, 2018, based on the duration of the contract. The certificates for these shares were issued in January 2018.

Note 8 – Stock Options and Warrants

Stock options are awarded to the Company’s employees, consultants and non-employee members of the board of directors under the 2016 Omnibus Incentive Plan and are generally granted with an exercise price equal to the market price of the Company’s common stock at the date of grant. The fair value of these stock options granted by the Company during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 was determined to be $0 and $206,096, respectively, using the Black-Scholes-Merton option-pricing model based on the following assumptions: (i) volatility rate of 120% to 127%, (ii) discount rate of 0%, (iii) zero expected dividend yield, and (iv) expected life of 8 years. A summary of option activity under the Company’s stock options as of September 30, 2018, and changes during the nine months then ended is presented below:

	Number of Options	Weighted Average Exercise Price	Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years)
Balance outstanding at December 31, 2017	940,121	$ 5.65	6.46
Granted	49,790	4.44	8
Exercised	-	-	-
Forfeited	-	-	-
Cancelled or expired	(2,000 )	2.50	-
Balance outstanding at September 30, 2018	987,911	$ 5.60	5.79
Exercisable at September 30, 2018	455,080	$ 6.44	4.82

On January 16, 2018, the Company granted warrants to purchase 20,000 shares of common stock with an exercise price of $5.50 per share for services. The warrants vest in six monthly installments beginning on February 16, 2018. The fair value of these warrants was determined to be $40,384 using the Black-Scholes-Merton option-pricing model based on the following assumptions: (i) volatility rate of 126%, (ii) discount rate of 0%, (iii) zero expected dividend yield, and (iv) expected life of 3 years. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, $3,365 and $40,384, respectively, was expensed.

On June 28, 2018, the Company conducted a private placement offering (see note 6) in which the Company issued warrants exercisable for 267,113 shares of the Company’s common stock to accredited investors and issued to National Securities Corporation, which served as placement agent in the offering, and its designees warrants exercisable for 53,423 shares of common stock. Each warrant will entitle the holder to purchase shares of Common Stock for an exercise price per share equal to $2.52, which was the closing bid price of shares of Common Stock on the NASDAQ Capital Market on June 27, 2018. The warrants are exercisable commencing six months after the date of issuance and expire June 28, 2021. The fair value of these warrants was determined to be $587,541 using the Black-Scholes-Merton option-pricing model based on the following assumptions: (i) volatility rate of 99%, (ii) discount rate of 0%, (iii) zero expected dividend yield, and (iv) expected life of 3 years.

The following table summarizes all stock warrant activity of the Company for the nine months ended September 30, 2018:

	Number of Warrants	Weighted Average Exercise Price	Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years)
Balance outstanding at December 31, 2017	2,268,141	$ 7.09	4.21
Granted	340,536	$ 2.70	2.97
Exercised	-	-	-
Forfeited	-	-	-
Expired	(24,982 )	-	-
Balance outstanding at September 30, 2018	2,583,695	$ 6.38	3.39
Exercisable at September 30, 2018	2,259,826	$ 7.93	3.49

Note 9 – Commitments & Contingencies

Office Lease

Effective January 1, 2015, the Company entered into an office lease agreement with Green Court, LLC, a Michigan limited liability company, for approximately 3,657 rentable square feet of space, for the initial monthly rent of $5,986, which commenced on January 1, 2015 for an initial term of 60 months. On October 10, 2017 this lease was amended increasing the rentable square feet of space to 3,950, and the monthly rent to $7,798. Under the terms of the lease the Company has an option on the same space for an additional 60-month term. Future minimum payments under this lease are as follows:

2018	23,814
2019	95,906
Total	$ 119,720

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, the Company incurred rent expenses of $27,332 and $79,580, and $20,758 and $52,457, respectively.

Employment and Consulting Agreements

Francois Michelon . Effective May 12, 2017, the Company entered into an amended and restated employment agreement with Francois Michelon, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the board of directors. The term of the employment agreement runs through December 31, 2019. The employment agreement provides for an annual base salary that is subject to adjustment at the board of directors’ discretion. The annual base salary in effect during the period covered by this Form 10-Q was $345,000. Under the employment agreement, Mr. Michelon is eligible for an annual cash bonus based upon achievement of performance-based objectives established by the board of directors. Pursuant to Mr. Michelon’s employment agreement, in connection with the closing of the Company’s initial public offering he was granted options to purchase an aggregate 339,270 shares of common stock. The options have a weighted average exercise price of $4.96 per share of common stock and vest in three equal annual installments beginning on May 12, 2018. Upon termination without cause, any portion of Mr. Michelon’s options scheduled to vest within 12 months will automatically vest, and upon termination without cause within 12 months following a change of control, the entire unvested portion of the options will automatically vest. Upon termination for any other reason, the entire unvested portion of the options will terminate.

If Mr. Michelon’s employment is terminated by the Company without cause, Mr. Michelon will be entitled to receive 12 months’ continuation of his current base salary and a lump sum payment equal to 12 months of continued healthcare coverage (or 24 months’ continuation of his current base salary and a lump sum payment equal to 24 months of continued healthcare coverage if such termination occurs within one year following a change in control).

Under his employment agreement, Mr. Michelon is eligible to receive benefits that are substantially similar to those of the Company’s other senior executive officers.

Michael Thornton . Effective May 12, 2017, the Company entered into an amended and restated employment agreement with Michael Thornton, the Company’s Chief Technology Officer. The term of the employment agreement runs through December 31, 2019. The employment agreement provides for an annual base salary that is subject to adjustment at the board of directors’ discretion. The annual base salary in effect during the period covered by this Form 10-Q was $260,000. Under the employment agreement, Mr. Thornton is eligible for an annual cash bonus based upon achievement of performance-based objectives established by the board of directors. Pursuant to Mr. Thornton’s employment agreement, in connection with the closing of the Company’s initial public offering he was granted options to purchase an aggregate 345,298 shares of common stock. The options have a weighted average exercise price of $4.96 per share of common stock and vest in three equal annual installments beginning on May 12, 2018. Upon termination without cause, any portion of Mr. Thornton’s option scheduled to vest within 12 months will automatically vest, and upon termination without cause within 12 months following a change of control, the entire unvested portion of the options will automatically vest. Upon termination for any other reason, the entire unvested portion of the options will terminate.

If Mr. Thornton’s employment is terminated by the Company without cause, Mr. Thornton will be entitled to receive 12 months’ continuation of his current base salary and a lump sum payment equal to 12 months of continued healthcare coverage (or 24 months’ continuation of his current base salary and a lump sum payment equal to 24 months of continued healthcare coverage if such termination occurs within one year following a change in control).

Under his employment agreement, Mr. Thornton is eligible to receive benefits that are substantially similar to those of the Company’s other senior executive officers.

David R. Wells. On May 12, 2017, the Company entered into a consulting agreement with StoryCorp Consulting (“StoryCorp”), pursuant to which David R. Wells provides services to the Company as its Chief Financial Officer. Pursuant to the consulting agreement, the Company pays to StoryCorp a monthly fee of $9,000. Additionally, pursuant to the consulting agreement, the Company granted to Mr. Wells a stock option to purchase 15,000 shares of common stock in connection with the closing of the Company’s initial public offering, having an exercise price per share equal to $5.00 and vesting in twelve equal quarterly installments, and, for so long as the consulting agreement is in place, will grant to Mr. Wells a stock option to purchase the same number of shares of common stock with the same terms on each annual anniversary of the date of the consulting agreement. In May, 2018 Mr. Wells and the Company agreed to renegotiate the annual stock option provision in the agreement of May 12, 2017. The parties are continuing their negotiations in good faith.

Litigation

From time to time the Company may become a party to litigation in the normal course of business. There are currently no legal matters that management believes would have a material effect on the Company’s financial position or results of operations.

Note 10 –Subsequent Events

On October 11, 2018, the Company entered into an underwriting agreement with National Securities Corporation (the “Underwriter”), relating to an underwritten public offering for the issuance and sale of 1,477,750 shares of the Company’s common stock, par value $0.0001 per share (the “Common Stock”), which amount includes the Underwriter's option to purchase up to an additional 192,750 shares of Common Stock to cover over-allotments. The Underwriter exercised in full its option to purchase the additional over-allotment shares on October 12, 2018. The offering, including the issuance of the shares of Common Stock sold pursuant to the Underwriter's over-allotment option, closed on October 15, 2018. The net proceeds to the Company from the offering were approximately $2.7 million, after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions, and other offering expenses.

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Forward-Looking Statements

As used in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (this “Form 10-Q”), unless the context otherwise requires, the terms “we,” “us,” “our,” “ENDRA” and the “Company” refer to ENDRA Life Sciences Inc., a Delaware corporation, and its wholly-owned subsidiary. The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our historical financial statements and related notes thereto in this Form 10-Q. This Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, that are intended to be covered by the “safe harbor” created by those sections. Forward-looking statements, which are based on certain assumptions and describe our future plans, strategies and expectations, can generally be identified by the use of forward-looking terms such as “believe,” “expect,” “may,” “will,” “should,” “could,” “seek,” “intend,” “plan,” “estimate,” “anticipate” or other comparable terms. All statements other than statements of historical facts included in this Form 10-Q regarding our strategies, prospects, financial condition, operations, costs, plans and objectives are forward-looking statements. Examples of forward-looking statements include, among others, statements we make regarding expectations for revenues, cash flows and financial performance, the anticipated results of our development efforts and the timing for receipt of required regulatory approvals and product launches. Forward-looking statements are neither historical facts nor assurances of future performance. Instead, they are based only on our current beliefs, expectations and assumptions regarding the future of our business, future plans and strategies, projections, anticipated events and trends, the economy and other future conditions. Because forward-looking statements relate to the future, they are subject to inherent uncertainties, risks and changes in circumstances that are difficult to predict and many of which are outside of our control. Our actual results and financial condition may differ materially from those indicated in the forward-looking statements. Therefore, you should not rely on any of these forward-looking statements. Important factors that could cause our actual results and financial condition to differ materially from those indicated in the forward-looking statements include, among others, the following: our limited commercial experience, limited cash and history of losses; our ability to obtain adequate financing to fund our business operations in the future; our ability to achieve profitability; our ability to develop a commercially feasible application based on our Thermo-Acoustic Enhanced Ultrasound (“TAEUS”) technology; market acceptance of our technology; results of our human studies, which may be negative or inconclusive; our ability to find and maintain development partners; our reliance on collaborations and strategic alliances and licensing arrangements; the amount and nature of competition in our industry; our ability to protect our intellectual property; potential changes in the healthcare industry or third-party reimbursement practices; delays and changes in regulatory requirements, policy and guidelines including potential delays in submitting required regulatory applications for CE mark certification or Food and Drug Administration (“FDA”) approval; our ability to obtain CE mark certification and secure required FDA and other governmental approvals for our TAEUS applications; our ability to comply with regulation by various federal, state, local and foreign governmental agencies and to maintain necessary regulatory clearances or approvals; and the other risks and uncertainties described in the Risk Factors section of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the period ended December 31, 2017, as filed with the SEC on March 20, 2018, and in the Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations section of this Form 10-Q. We undertake no obligation to publicly update any forward-looking statement, whether written or oral, that may be made from time to time, whether as a result of new information, future developments or otherwise.

Overview

We are leveraging experience with pre-clinical enhanced ultrasound devices to develop technology for increasing the capabilities of clinical diagnostic ultrasound, to broaden patient access to the safe diagnosis and treatment of a number of significant medical conditions in circumstances where expensive X-ray computed tomography (“CT”) and magnetic resonance imaging (“MRI”) technology is unavailable or impractical.

In 2010, we began marketing and selling our Nexus 128 system, which combined light-based thermoacoustics and ultrasound to address the imaging needs of researchers studying disease models in pre-clinical applications. Building on this expertise in thermoacoustics, we have developed a next-generation technology platform — Thermo Acoustic Enhanced Ultrasound, or TAEUS — which is intended to enhance the capability of clinical ultrasound technology and support the diagnosis and treatment of a number of significant medical conditions that currently require the use of expensive CT or MRI imaging or where imaging is not practical using existing technology.

Unlike the near-infrared light pulses used in our legacy Nexus 128 system, our TAEUS technology uses radio frequency (“RF”) pulses to stimulate tissues, using a small fraction of the energy that would be transmitted into the body during an MRI scan. The use of RF energy allows our TAEUS technology to penetrate deep into tissue, enabling the imaging of human anatomy at depths equivalent to those of conventional ultrasound. The RF pulses are absorbed by tissue and converted into ultrasound signals, which are detected by an external ultrasound receiver and a digital acquisition system that is part of the TAEUS system. The detected ultrasound is processed into images using our proprietary algorithms and displayed to complement conventional gray-scale ultrasound images.

We expect that the first-generation TAEUS application will be a standalone ultrasound accessory designed to cost-effectively quantify fat in the liver and stage progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, or (“NAFLD”), which can only be achieved today with impractical surgical biopsies or MRI scans. Subsequent TAEUS offerings are expected to be implemented via a second generation hardware platform that can run multiple clinical software applications that we will offer TAEUS users for a one-time licensing fee – adding ongoing customer value to the TAEUS platform and a growing software revenue stream for our Company.

Each of our TAEUS platform applications will require regulatory approvals before we are able to sell or license the application. Based on certain factors, such as the installed base of ultrasound systems, availability of other imaging technologies, such as CT and MRI, economic strength and applicable regulatory requirements, we intend to seek initial approval of our applications for sale in the European Union, followed by the United States and China.

In April 2016, we entered into a Collaborative Research Agreement with General Electric Company, acting through its GE Healthcare business unit and the GE Global Research Center (collectively, “GE Healthcare”). Under the terms of the agreement, GE Healthcare has agreed to assist us in our efforts to commercialize our TAEUS technology for use in a fatty liver application by, among other things, providing equipment and technical advice, and facilitating introductions to GE Healthcare clinical ultrasound customers. In return for this assistance, we have agreed to afford GE Healthcare certain rights of first offer with respect to manufacturing and licensing rights for the target application. More specifically, we have agreed that, prior to commercially releasing our NAFLD TAEUS application, we will offer to negotiate an exclusive ultrasound manufacturer relationship with GE Healthcare for a period of at least one year of commercial sales. The commercial sales would involve, within our sole discretion, either our Company commercially selling GE Healthcare ultrasound systems as the exclusive ultrasound system with our TAEUS fatty liver application embedded, or GE Healthcare being the exclusive ultrasound manufacturer to sell ultrasound systems with our TAEUS fatty liver application embedded. The agreement is subject to termination by either party upon not less than 60 days’ notice. On January 30, 2018, we and GE Healthcare entered into an amendment to our agreement, extending its term by 21 months to January 22, 2020.

In November 2017 we engaged two firms that specialize in medical device software development to commence productization of our TAEUS device targeting NAFLD. The agreements call for these vendors to provide us with the specialized engineering resources necessary to translate our current prototype TAEUS device into a clinical product meeting CE regulatory requirements required for commercial launch in the European Union followed by FDA submission for the U.S. market.

In November 2017, we contracted with the Centre for Imaging Technology Commercialization (CIMTEC) to initiate human studies with our TAEUS device targeting NAFLD. In October 2018 we received approval from Health Canada to initiate these studies which are expected to provide key insights into clinical work flow and quantitative methodologies for the device and are now underway. We anticipate announcing results from these studies during the fourth quarter of 2018.

In June 2018, we reported that, in order to focus our resources on developing our TAEUS technology for clinical use, we are exploring strategic alternatives with respect to our pre-clinical business, including a potential sale.

Financial Operations Overview

Revenue

To date our revenue has been generated by the placement and sale of our discontinued Nexus 128 thermoacoustic imaging systems for use in pre-clinical applications, and related service revenue. No revenue has been generated by our TAEUS technology, which is in development.

Cost of Goods Sold

Our cost of goods sold is related to our direct costs associated with the development and shipment of our discontinued Nexus 128 systems placed in pre-clinical settings.

Research and Development Expenses

Our research and development expenses primarily include wages, fees and equipment for the development of our TAEUS technology platform and the proposed applications. Additionally, we incur certain costs associated with the protection of our products and inventions through a combination of patents, licenses, applications and disclosures.

Sales and Marketing Expenses

Sales and marketing expenses consist primarily of advertising, marketing and consulting expenses and headcount. Currently, our marketing efforts are through our website and attendance of key industry meetings. In connection with the commercialization of our TAEUS applications, we expect to build a small sales and marketing team to train and support global ultrasound distributors, as well as execute traditional marketing activities such as promotional materials, electronic media and participation in industry conferences.

General and Administrative Expenses

General and administrative expenses consist primarily of salaries and related expenses for our management and personnel, and professional fees, such as accounting, consulting and legal.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Use of Estimates

Share-based Compensation

Our 2016 Omnibus Incentive Plan permits the grant of share options and shares to our employees, consultants and non-employee members of our board of directors for up to 1,345,074 shares of common stock. Each January 1 the pool of shares available for issuance under the Omnibus Plan will automatically increase by an amount equal to the lesser of (i) the number of shares necessary such that the aggregate number of shares available under the Omnibus Plan equals 25% of the number of fully-diluted outstanding shares on the increase date (assuming the conversion of all outstanding shares of preferred stock and other outstanding convertible securities and exercise of all outstanding options and warrants to purchase shares) and (ii) if the board of directors takes action to set a lower amount, the amount determined by the board.

We record share-based compensation in accordance with the provisions of the Share-based Compensation Topic of the FASB Codification. The guidance requires the use of option-pricing models that require the input of highly subjective assumptions, including the option’s expected life and the price volatility of the underlying stock. The fair value of each option grant is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option valuation model which uses certain assumptions related to risk-free interest rates, expected volatility, expected life of the common stock options, and future dividends, and the resulting charge is expensed using the straight-line attribution method over the vesting period.

Stock compensation expense recognized during the period is based on the value of share-based awards that were expected to vest during the period adjusted for estimated forfeitures. The estimated fair value of grants of stock options and warrants to non-employees is charged to expense, if applicable, in the financial statements.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

See Note 2 of the accompanying financial statements for a discussion of recently issued accounting standards.

Results of Operations

Three Months Ended September 30, 2018 and 2017

Revenues

We had revenue of $0 for the three months ended September 30, 2018, as compared to $287,000 for the three months ended September 30, 2017. The revenue in 2017 was a result of service activity on our installed base of Nexus 128 pre-clinical systems. On June 15, 2018, we reported that would explore strategic alternatives with respect to our pre-clinical business, comprised of the assembly and sale of our Nexus 128 system, including a potential sale. We will continue to honor our commitments under current contracts relating to Nexus 128 systems, but we do not expect to generate substantial revenue from this business in the future.

Cost of Goods Sold

There was no cost of goods sold for the three months ended September 30, 2018. Cost of goods sold for the three months ended September 30, 2017 was $118,270. The cost of goods sold was a result of costs associated with the sale of a Nexus 128 system. Gross margin was approximately 59% for the three months ended September 30, 2017.

Research and Development

Research and development expenses were $1,162,911 for the three months ended September 30, 2018, as compared to $300,527 for the three months ended September 30, 2017, an increase of $862,384, or 287%. The costs include primarily wages, fees and equipment for the development of our TAEUS product line. Research and development expenses increased from the same period for the prior year due primarily to increased efforts to develop TAEUS applications with proceeds from our May 2017 initial public offering (the “IPO”), including by our contracted development vendors.

Sales and Marketing

Sales and marketing expenses were $72,179 for the three months ended September 30, 2018, as compared to $47,375 for the three months ended September 30, 2017, an increase of $24,804, or 52%. The increase was primarily due to spending for initial commercialization efforts for our TAEUS product line. Currently our marketing efforts are through our website and attendance of key industry meetings. Our future clinical business will involve hiring and training additional staff to support our sales efforts. As we seek to complete the development and commercialization of our TAEUS applications, we intend to build a small sales and marketing team to train and support global ultrasound distributors, as well as execute traditional marketing activities such as promotional materials, electronic media and participation in industry conferences.

General and Administrative

Our general and administrative expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2018 were $832,883, an increase of $101,121, or 14%, compared to $731,762 for the three months ended September 30, 2017. General and administrative expenses increased due to additional headcount and related costs. Our wage and related expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2018 were $355,041, compared to $376,810 for the three months ended September 30, 2017. Wage and related expenses in the three months ended September 30, 2018, included $43,125 for bonuses, $142,674 of stock compensation expense related to the issuance and vesting of options, compared to $183,473 of stock compensation expense for the same period in 2017. Our professional fees for the three months ended September 30, 2018 were $332,636, compared to $253,811 for the three months ended September 30, 2017.

Impairment of Inventory

During the three months ended September 30, 2018, we had a one time write down of inventory available for our Nexus 128 product of $287,541. There was no such expense during the three months ended September 30, 2017.

Net Loss

As a result of the foregoing, for the three months ended September 30, 2018, we recorded a net loss of $2,758,575 compared to a net loss of $908,908 for the three months ended September 30, 2017.

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018 and 2017

Revenue

We had revenue of $6,174 for the nine months ended September 30, 2018, as compared to $344,772 for the nine months ended September 30, 2017. The revenue was a result of service activity on our installed base of Nexus 128 pre-clinical systems. On June 15, 2018, we reported that would explore strategic alternatives with respect to our pre-clinical business, comprised of the assembly and sale of its Nexus 128 system, including a potential sale. We will continue to honor our commitments under current contracts relating to Nexus 128 systems but we do not expect to generate substantial revenue from this business in the future.

Cost of Goods Sold

There was no cost of goods sold for the nine months ended September 30, 2018. Cost of goods sold was $169,697 for the nine months ended September 30, 2017. The cost of goods sold was a result of both direct costs to build a Nexus 128 pre-clinical system, and product service materials required for the service of a Nexus 128 system. Gross margin was approximately 51% for the nine months ended September 30, 2017.

Research and Development

Research and development expenses were $3,671,490 for the nine months ended September 30, 2018, as compared to $571,066 for the nine months ended September 30, 2017, an increase of $3,100,424, or 543%. The costs include primarily wages, fees and equipment for the development of our TAEUS product line. Research and development expenses increased from the same period for the prior year due primarily to increased spending developing TAEUS applications with proceeds from the IPO, which included expenses for our contracted development vendors.

Sales and Marketing

Sales and marketing expenses were $220,713 for the nine months ended September 30, 2018, as compared to $55,403 for the nine months ended September 30, 2017, an increase of $165,310, or 298%. The increase was primarily due to spending for initial commercialization efforts for our TAEUS product line. Currently our marketing efforts are through our website and attendance of key industry meetings. Our future clinical business will involve hiring and training additional staff to support our sales efforts. As we seek to complete the development and commercialization of our TAEUS applications, we intend to build a small sales and marketing team to train and support global ultrasound distributors, as well as execute traditional marketing activities such as promotional materials, electronic media and participation in industry conferences.

General and Administrative

Our general and administrative expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 were $2,842,631, an increase of $964,538, or 51%, compared to $1,878,093 for the nine months ended September 30, 2017. General and administrative expenses increased due to an increase in headcount and as a result of being a public company. Our wage and related expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 were $1,271,744, compared to $876,016 for the nine months ended September 30, 2017. Wage and related expenses in the nine months ended September 30, 2018, included $221,075 for bonuses, $468,716 of stock compensation expense related to the issuance and vesting of options, compared to $422,698 of stock compensation expense for the same period in 2017. Our professional fees for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 were $1,185,775, compared to $767,875 for the nine months ended September 30, 2017.

Impairment of Inventory

During the nine months ended September 30, 2018, we had a one time write down of inventory available for our Nexus 128 product of $287,541. There was no such expense during the nine months ended September 30, 2017.

Net Loss

As a result of the foregoing, for the nine months ended September 30, 2018, we recorded a net loss of $7,430,651 compared to a net loss of $3,082,322 for the nine months ended September 30, 2017.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

To date we have funded our operations through private and public sales of our securities. As of September 30, 2018, we had approximately $640,000 in cash. In May 2017, we completed the IPO, raising net proceeds of approximately $8.6 million after deducting offering expenses of approximately $0.8 million in underwriting discounts, commissions and expenses and approximately $0.3 million in offering expenses payable by us. In June 2018, we completed the placement of senior secured convertible promissory notes and warrants, raising net proceeds of approximately $935,000 after deducting offering expenses of approximately $142,000 payable by us. The promissory notes bear interest at a rate of 10% per annum until maturity on December 31, 2018. On October 15, 2018, we completed an underwritten public offering with National Securities Corporation for the issuance and sale of 1,477,750 shares of our common stock. The net proceeds from this offering were approximately $2.7 million, after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and other offering expenses.

We believe that cash on hand at September 30, 2018, together with the net proceeds from our October 2018 underwritten public offering, will be sufficient to fund our current operations into the second quarter of 2019. If we do not raise additional capital in the next several months we will need to significantly slow or pause our business activities until such time as we are able to raise additional capital. We continue to evaluate and manage our capital needs to support our clinical, regulatory and operational activities and prepare for the results of our human studies data and EU commercialization. We are currently exploring potential financing options that may be available to us, including additional sales of our common stock. However, we have no commitments to obtain any additional funds, and there can be no assurance such funds will be available on acceptable terms or at all. If we are unable to obtain additional financing in a timely fashion and on terms acceptable to us, our financial condition and results of operations may be materially adversely affected and we may not be able to continue operations or execute our stated commercialization plan.

The financial statements included in this Form 10-Q have been prepared assuming we will continue as a going concern, which contemplates the realization of assets and the settlement of liabilities and commitments in the normal course of business. As reflected in the accompanying financial statements, during the nine months ended September 30, 2018, we incurred net losses of approximately $7.4 million, and used cash in operations of approximately $5.8 million. These and other factors raise substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern for one year from the issuance of the accompanying financial statements. The financial statements do not include any adjustments that might be necessary should we be unable to continue as a going concern.

Operating Activities

During the nine months ended September 30, 2018, we used $5,800,054 of cash in operating activities primarily as a result of our net loss of $7,430,651 offset by share-based compensation of $1,060,012, depreciation and amortization expenses of $48,246, amortization of debt discount of $383,428, impairment of inventory of $287,541 and net changes in operating assets and liabilities of $(148,630).

During the nine months ended September 30, 2017, we used $1,925,329 of cash in operating activities primarily as a result of our net loss of $3,082,322, offset in part by $711,472 for the amortization of discount of convertible debt, $600,514 in non-cash stock compensation expense, $46,121 in depreciation and amortization expense, imputed interest of $1,480, and net changes in operating assets and liabilities of $(202,594).

Investing Activities

During the nine months ended September 30, 2018, the Company used $100,000 in investing activities related to purchase of equipment.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2017, the Company used $7,862 in investing activities related to purchase of equipment.

Financing Activities

During the nine months ended September 30, 2018, financing activities provided $935,300 in proceeds from the placement of senior secured convertible promissory notes.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2017, financing activities provided $8,590,700 in proceeds from the IPO and $225,000 in proceeds from convertible notes. The Company used $50,000 in repayments of notes payable.

Funding Requirements

We have not completed development of our TAEUS technology platform applications. We expect to continue to incur significant expenses for the foreseeable future. We anticipate that our expenses will increase substantially as we:

● advance the engineering design and development of our NAFLD TAEUS application;

● prepare regulatory filings required for marketing approval of our NAFLD TAEUS application in the European Union and the United States;

● seek to hire a small internal marketing team to engage and support channel partners and clinical customers for our NAFLD TAEUS application;

● commence marketing of our NAFLD TAEUS application;

● advance development of our other TAEUS applications; and

● add operational, financial and management information systems and personnel, including personnel to support our product development, planned commercialization efforts and our operation as a public company.

It is possible that we will not achieve the progress that we expect because the actual costs and timing of completing the development and regulatory approvals for a new medical device are difficult to predict and are subject to substantial risks and delays. We have no committed external sources of funds. We do not expect that our existing cash will be sufficient for us to complete the commercialization of our NAFLD TAEUS application or to complete the development of any other TAEUS application and we will need to raise substantial additional capital for those purposes. As a result, we will need to finance our future cash needs through public or private equity offerings, debt financings, corporate collaboration and licensing arrangements or other financing alternatives. Our forecast of the period of time through which our financial resources will be adequate to support our operations is a forward-looking statement and involves risks and uncertainties, and actual results could vary as a result of a number of factors, including the factors discussed in the section of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017, entitled “Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this Form 10-Q. We have based this estimate on assumptions that may prove to be wrong, and we could utilize our available capital resources sooner than we currently expect.

Until we can generate a sufficient amount of revenue from our TAEUS platform applications, if ever, we expect to finance future cash needs through public or private equity offerings, debt financings or corporate collaborations and licensing arrangements. Additional funds may not be available when we need them on terms that are acceptable to us, or at all. If adequate funds are not available, we may be required to delay, reduce the scope of or eliminate one or more of our research or development programs or our commercialization efforts or perhaps even cease the operation of our business. To the extent that we raise additional funds by issuing equity securities, our stockholders may experience additional dilution, and debt financing, if available, may involve restrictive covenants. To the extent that we raise additional funds through collaborations and licensing arrangements, it may be necessary to relinquish some rights to our technologies or applications or grant licenses on terms that may not be favorable to us. We may seek to access the public or private capital markets whenever conditions are favorable, even if we do not have an immediate need for additional capital at that time.

NASDAQ Capital Market Listing

Our common stock is currently traded on the Nasdaq Capital Market. The Nasdaq Capital Market imposes, among other requirements, listing maintenance standards including minimum bid price and stockholders’ equity requirements. In particular, Nasdaq rules require us to maintain a minimum stockholders’ equity of $2,500,000. On August 16, 2018, we received a notification letter from the Listing Qualifications Staff of The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC notifying us that, based on our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2018, we no longer maintained the minimum $2.5 million stockholders’ equity required for continued listing on The Nasdaq Capital Market under Marketplace Rule 5550(b)(1) (the “Equity Rule”).

The notification letter has no immediate effect on the listing of the Company’s common stock on the Nasdaq Capital Market. The notification letter stated that, under Nasdaq rules, we had 45 calendar days, or until October 1, 2018, to submit a plan to regain compliance with the Equity Rule. In accordance with the notification letter, we submitted a plan to regain compliance and on October 23, 2018 Nasdaq notified us that it had accepted the plan and granted us an extension until February 15, 2019 to regain compliance with the Equity Rule. We expect to be able to regain compliance with the Equity Rule by on or before February 15, 2019 but there can be no assurance that we will be able to do so, or that we will be able to maintain compliance with Nasdaq’s other continued listing requirements or remain listed on the Nasdaq Capital Market.

Off-Balance Sheet Transactions

At September 30, 2018, the Company did not have any transactions, obligations or relationships that could be considered off-balance sheet arrangements.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure About Market Risk

As a smaller reporting company, we are not required to provide the information required by this Item 3.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

As of the end of the period covered by this Form 10-Q, management performed, with the participation of our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, an evaluation of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). Our disclosure controls and procedures are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures. Based on the evaluation, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer concluded that, as of September 30, 2018, our disclosure controls and procedures were not effective.

A material weakness is a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting, such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of our annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. We identified the following material weakness as of September 30, 2018: insufficient personnel resources within the accounting function to segregate the duties over financial transaction processing and reporting.

To remediate our internal control weaknesses, management intends to implement the following measures, as finances allow:

● Adding sufficient accounting personnel or outside consultants to properly segregate duties and to effect a timely, accurate preparation of the financial statements.

● Developing and maintaining adequate written accounting policies and procedures, once we hire additional accounting personnel or outside consultants.

The additional hiring is contingent upon our efforts to obtain additional funding and the results of our operations. Management expects to secure funds in the coming fiscal year but provides no assurances that it will be able to do so.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There was no change to our internal controls or in other factors that could affect these controls during the three month period ended September 30, 2018 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting. However, our management is currently seeking to improve our controls and procedures in an effort to remediate the deficiency described above.

PART II – OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

We are not currently a party to any pending legal proceedings that we believe will have a material adverse effect on our business or financial condition. We may, however, be subject to various claims and legal actions arising in the ordinary course of business from time to time.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

In addition to the risk factor and uncertainties described below and the other information set forth in this report, you should carefully consider the factors discussed under “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the period ended December 31, 2017, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 20, 2018. These factors could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition, liquidity, results of operations and capital position, and could cause our actual results to differ materially from our historical results or the results contemplated by any forward-looking statements contained in this report.

We will need to raise additional capital to meet our business requirements in the future, including obligations relating to outstanding indebtedness, and such capital raising may be costly or difficult to obtain and could dilute current stockholders’ ownership interests.

We have a history of losses from operations and expect to continue to incur losses until we are able to significantly grow our revenues. In our June 2018 private placement transaction, we issued senior secured convertible promissory notes in the aggregate principal amount of $1,077,000 with a maturity date of December 31, 2018. Although we completed a public offering of our common stock in October 2018 for net proceeds of approximately $2.7 million, we will need additional financing to maintain and expand our business along with repaying the promissory notes at maturity. Such financing may not be available on favorable terms, if at all.

If we are unable to obtain such additional financing on a timely basis, we may have to curtail our development activities and growth plans and/or be forced to sell assets, perhaps on unfavorable terms, which would have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations, and ultimately could be forced to discontinue our operations and liquidate, in which event it is unlikely that stockholders would receive any distribution on their shares. See “Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Liquidity and Capital Resources” above. Further, we may not be able to continue operating if we do not generate sufficient revenues from operations needed to stay in business.

Any additional capital raised through the sale of equity or equity-linked securities may dilute current stockholders’ ownership percentages and could also result in a decrease in the market value of our equity securities. Additionally, the terms of any securities issued by us in future capital transactions may be more favorable to new investors, and may include preferences, superior voting rights and the issuance of warrants or other derivative securities, which may have a further dilutive effect on the holders of any of our securities then outstanding.

In addition, we may incur substantial costs in pursuing future capital financing, including investment banking fees, legal fees, accounting fees, securities law compliance fees, printing and distribution expenses and other costs. We may also be required to recognize non-cash expenses in connection with certain securities we issue, such as convertible promissory notes and warrants, which may adversely impact our financial results.

If we fail to satisfy applicable listing standards, including maintenance of at least $2.5 million of stockholders’ equity, our common stock may be delisted from the NASDAQ Capital Market.

If our common stock were delisted from NASDAQ, among other things, it could lead to a number of negative implications, including reduced liquidity in our common stock, the loss of federal preemption of state securities laws and greater difficulty in obtaining financing.

We cannot be certain that results from limited animal and human studies of any of our TAEUS applications will be indicative of future studies or that any of our TAEUS applications will be successfully commercialized.

To successfully commercialize any application based on our TAEUS platform technology, we expect it will be necessary to conduct various pre-clinical and human studies to demonstrate that the product is safe and effective for human use. In October 2018 we initiated certain human studies of our TAEUS device targeting NAFLD which are expected to provide key insights into clinical work flow and quantitative methodologies for the device. There can be no assurance that results from this or any other study will be favorable. Favorable results in this or any other pre-clinical study or early clinical trial do not guarantee that favorable results will ultimately be obtained in future studies or clinical trials. We cannot make any assurance that results of limited animal and human studies are indicative of results that would be achieved in future animal studies or human clinical studies, which may be required in order for our applications incorporating our technology to obtain regulatory approval. Even if clinical trials or other studies demonstrate safety and effectiveness of any of product candidates incorporating our technology for a specific disease or condition and the necessary regulatory approvals are obtained, the commercial success of any of such product candidates will depend upon their acceptance by patients, the medical community, and third-party payers and on our partners’ ability to successfully manufacture and commercialize such product candidates.

Item 2. Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities; Use of Proceeds from Registered Securities

On May 8, 2017, our Registration Statement on Form S-1, as amended (File No. 333-193522), was declared effective by the SEC and, on May 8, 2017, our Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-217788) became effective upon filing with the SEC. Each such Registration Statement was filed in connection with our initial public offering, as a result of which we raised net proceeds of approximately $8.6 million.

We estimate that we have used all of the net proceeds from our initial public offering in the manner described in the final prospectus relating to the offering filed with the SEC pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the Securities Act on May 10, 2017.

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities

Not applicable.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable.

Item 5. Other Information

On November 5, 2018, we issued an earnings release reporting our results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018. A copy of that earnings release is furnished herewith as Exhibit 99.1 pursuant to Item 2.02 of Form 8-K. This information shall not be deemed filed for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, nor shall it be deemed incorporated by reference in any filing under the Securities Act.

Item 6. Exhibits

Exhibit Number		Description
3.1		Fourth Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Company (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on May 12, 2017)
3.2		Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Company (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.4 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-214724), as amended, originally filed on November 21, 2016)
4.1		Specimen Certificate representing shares of common stock of the Company (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-214724), as amended, originally filed on November 21, 2016)
4.2		Form of Warrant Agreement and Warrant comprising a part of the Company’s units issued in its initial public offering (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-214724), as amended, originally filed on November 21, 2016)
4.3		Form of Underwriters’ Warrant issued to certain designees of the underwriters in the Company’s 2017 initial public offering (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.3 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-214724), as amended, originally filed on November 21, 2016)
4.4		Form of Convertible Promissory Note issued in June 2018 Private Placement (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on July 2, 2018)
4.5		Form of Warrant issued in June 2018 Private Placement (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on July 2, 2018)
4.6		Form of Underwriters’ Warrant issued to certain designees of the underwriters in the Company’s October 2018 offering (filed herewith)
31.1		Certification of Periodic Report by Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14a and pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (filed herewith)
31.2		Certification of Periodic Report by Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14a and pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (filed herewith)
32.1		Certification of Periodic Report by Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (filed herewith)
99.1		Earnings release issued November 5, 2018 (furnished herewith)
101.INS		XBRL Instance Document (filed herewith)
101.SCH		XBRL Taxonomy Schema (filed herewith)
101.CAL		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase (filed herewith)
101.DEF		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase (filed herewith)
101.LAB		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase (filed herewith)
101.PRE		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase (filed herewith)

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

	ENDRA LIFE SCIENCES INC.
	(Registrant)


Date: November 5, 2018	By:	/s/ Francois Michelon
		Name: Francois Michelon
		Title: Chief Executive Officer and Chairman (Principal Executive Officer)

Date: November 5, 2018	By:	/s/ David Wells
		Name: David Wells
		Title: Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

EXHIBIT INDEX

Exhibit Number		Description
3.1		Fourth Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Company (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on May 12, 2017)
3.2		Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Company (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.4 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-214724), as amended, originally filed on November 21, 2016)
4.1		Specimen Certificate representing shares of common stock of the Company (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-214724), as amended, originally filed on November 21, 2016)
4.2		Form of Warrant Agreement and Warrant comprising a part of the Company’s units issued in its initial public offering (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-214724), as amended, originally filed on November 21, 2016)
4.3		Form of Underwriters’ Warrant issued to certain designees of the underwriters in the Company’s 2017 initial public offering (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.3 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-214724), as amended, originally filed on November 21, 2016)
4.4		Form of Convertible Promissory Note issued in June 2018 Private Placement (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on July 2, 2018)
4.5		Form of Warrant issued in June 2018 Private Placement (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on July 2, 2018)
4.6		Form of Underwriters’ Warrant issued to certain designees of the underwriters in the Company’s October 2018 offering (filed herewith)
31.1		Certification of Periodic Report by Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14a and pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (filed herewith)
31.2		Certification of Periodic Report by Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14a and pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (filed herewith)
32.1		Certification of Periodic Report by Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (filed herewith)
99.1		Earnings release issued November 5, 2018 (furnished herewith)
101.INS		XBRL Instance Document (filed herewith)
101.SCH		XBRL Taxonomy Schema (filed herewith)
101.CAL		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase (filed herewith)
101.DEF		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase (filed herewith)
101.LAB		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase (filed herewith)
101.PRE		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase (filed herewith)

/s/ David R. Wells
Name: David R. Wells
Title: Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

/s/ David R. Wells
Name: David R. Wells
Title: Chief Financial Officer Date: November 5, 2018