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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, DC 20549
FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)
x
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2021
or
o
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from ___________________ to ___________________
Commission File Number: 001-39367
Lemonade, Inc.
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)
Delaware 32-0469673
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
5 Crosby Street, 3rd Floor
New York, New York
10013
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)
(844) 733-8666
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
N/A
(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each class Trading Symbol(s) Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock,
$0.00001 par value per share
LMND New York Stock Exchange
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.     Yes  x    No  ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).    Yes  x    No  o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer o    Accelerated filer o
Non-accelerated filer x    Smaller reporting company o
Emerging growth company x
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes  o    No  x
As of November 8, 2021, the registrant had 61,627,462 shares of common stock, $0.00001 par value per share, outstanding.



Table of Contents
Page
2
PART I.
Item 1.
5
6
7
9
10
Item 2.
24
Item 3.
45
Item 4.
46
PART II.
Item 1.
47
Item 1A.
47
Item 2.
47
Item 3.
48
Item 4.
48
Item 5.
48
Item 6.
49
50


1


CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (the "Quarterly Report") contains forward-looking statements. We intend such forward-looking statements to be covered by the safe harbor provisions for forward-looking statements contained in Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act. All statements other than statements of historical fact contained in this Quarterly Report, including without limitation statements regarding our future results of operations and financial position, our ability to attract, retain and expand our customer base, our ability to operate under and maintain our business model, our ability to maintain and enhance our brand and reputation, our ability to effectively manage the growth of our business, the effects of seasonal trends on our results of operations, our ability to attain greater value from each customer, our ability to compete effectively in our industry, the future performance of the markets in which we operate, and our ability to maintain reinsurance contracts, and the plans and objectives of management for future operations and capital expenditures are forward-looking statements. These statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other important factors that may cause our actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements.
In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terms such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “expect,” “plan,” “anticipate,” “could,” “intend,” “target,” “project,” “contemplate,” “believe,” “estimate,” “predict,” “potential”, or “continue” or the negative of these terms or other similar expressions. The forward-looking statements in this Quarterly Report are only predictions. We have based these forward-looking statements largely on our current expectations and projections about future events and financial trends that we believe may affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. These forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this Quarterly Report and are subject to a number of important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those in the forward-looking statements, including:
We have a history of losses and we may not achieve or maintain profitability in the future.
Our success and ability to grow our business depend on retaining and expanding our customer base. If we fail to add new customers or retain current customers, our business, revenue, operating results and financial condition could be harmed.
The "Lemonade" brand may not become as widely known as incumbents' brands or the brand may become tarnished.
Denial of claims or our failure to accurately and timely pay claims could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, and prospects.
Our future revenue growth and prospects depend on attaining greater value from each user.
The novelty of our business model makes its efficacy unpredictable and susceptible to unintended consequences.
We could be forced to modify or eliminate our Giveback, which could undermine our business model and have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition.
Our limited operating history makes it difficult to evaluate our current business performance, implementation of our business model, and our future prospects.
We may not be able to manage our growth effectively.
Intense competition in the segments of the insurance industry in which we operate could negatively affect our ability to attain or increase profitability.
Reinsurance may be unavailable at current levels and prices, which may limit our ability to write new business. Furthermore, reinsurance subjects us to counterparty risk and may not be adequate to protect us against losses, which could have a material effect on our results of operations and financial condition.
Failure to maintain our risk-based capital at the required levels could adversely affect the ability of our insurance subsidiary to maintain regulatory authority to conduct our business.
2


If we are unable to expand our product offerings, our prospects for future growth may be adversely affected.
Our proprietary artificial intelligence algorithms may not operate properly or as we expect them to, which could cause us to write policies we should not write, price those policies inappropriately or overpay claims that are made by our customers. Moreover, our proprietary artificial intelligence algorithms may lead to unintentional bias and discrimination.
Regulators may limit our ability to develop or implement our proprietary artificial intelligence algorithms and/or may eliminate or restrict the confidentiality of our proprietary technology, which could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.
New legislation or legal requirements may affect how we communicate with our customers, which could have a material adverse effect on our business model, financial condition, and results of operations.
We rely on artificial intelligence and our digital platform to collect data points that we evaluate in pricing and underwriting our insurance policies, managing claims and customer support, and improving business processes, and any legal or regulatory requirements that restrict our ability to collect this data could thus materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects.
We depend on search engines, social media platforms, digital app stores, content-based online advertising and other online sources to attract consumers to our website and our online app, which may be affected by third-party interference beyond our control and as we grow our customer acquisition costs will continue to rise.
We may require additional capital to grow our business, which may not be available on terms acceptable to us or at all.
Security incidents or real or perceived errors, failures or bugs in our systems, website or app could impair our operations, result in loss of personal customer information, damage our reputation and brand, and harm our business and operating results.
We are periodically subject to examinations by our primary state insurance regulator, which could result in adverse examination findings and necessitate remedial actions. In addition, insurance regulators of other states in which we are licensed to operate may also conduct examinations or other targeted investigations, which may also result in adverse examination findings and necessitate remedial actions.
We collect, process, store, share, disclose and use customer information and other data, and our actual or perceived failure to protect such information and data, respect customers' privacy or comply with data privacy and security laws and regulations could damage our reputation and brand and harm our business and operating results.
We may be unable to prevent or address the misappropriation of our data.
If we are unable to underwrite risks accurately and charge competitive yet profitable rates to our customers, our business, results of operations and financial condition will be adversely affected.
Our product development cycles are complex and subject to regulatory approval, and we may incur significant expenses before we generate revenues, if any, from new products.
Our expansion within the United States and any future international expansion strategy will subject us to additional costs and risks and our plans may not be successful.
The insurance business, including the market for renters and homeowners insurance, is historically cyclical in nature, and we may experience periods with excess underwriting capacity and unfavorable premium rates, which could adversely affect our business.
We are subject to extensive insurance industry regulations.
State insurance regulators impose additional reporting requirements regarding enterprise risk on insurance holding company systems, with which we must comply as an insurance holding company.
3


Severe weather events and other catastrophes, including the effects of climate change and global pandemics, are inherently unpredictable and may have a material adverse effect on our financial results and financial condition.
We expect our results of operations to fluctuate on a quarterly and annual basis. In addition, our operating results and operating metrics are subject to seasonality and volatility, which could result in fluctuations in our quarterly revenues and operating results or in perceptions of our business prospects.
We rely on data from our customers and third parties for pricing and underwriting our insurance policies, handling claims and maximizing automation, the unavailability or inaccuracy of which could limit the functionality of our products and disrupt our business.
Our results of operations and financial condition may be adversely affected due to limitations in the analytical models used to assess and predict our exposure to catastrophe losses.
Our actual incurred losses may be greater than our loss and loss adjustment expense reserves, which could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.
Our insurance subsidiaries are subject to minimum capital and surplus requirements, and our failure to meet these requirements could subject us to regulatory action.
We are subject to assessments and other surcharges from state guaranty funds, and mandatory state insurance facilities, which may reduce our profitability.
As a public benefit corporation, our focus on a specific public benefit purpose and producing a positive effect for society may negatively impact our financial performance.
Our directors have a fiduciary duty to consider not only our stockholders' interests, but also our specific public benefit and the interests of other stakeholders affected by our actions. If a conflict between such interests arises, there is no guarantee such a conflict would be resolved in favor of our stockholders.
A joint investment committee consisting of our Co-Founders and an executive of SoftBank will have sole voting and dispositive control over the shares owned by the entities affiliated with SoftBank Group Corp. This joint investment committee further concentrates voting power with our Co-Founders, which could limit your ability to influence the outcome of important transactions, including a change in control.
The factors described under the sections "Risk Factors" and "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2020, and the section entitled "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" in this Quarterly Report.
You should read this Quarterly Report and the documents that we reference in this Quarterly Report completely and with the understanding that our actual future results may be materially different from what we expect. We qualify all of our forward-looking statements by these cautionary statements. Except as required by applicable law, we do not plan to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements contained herein, whether as a result of any new information, future events, changed circumstances or otherwise.
4

Table of contents
PART I—FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Financial Statements.
LEMONADE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
($ in millions, except share and per share amounts)

As of
September 30, December 31,
2021 2020
(Unaudited)
Assets
Investments
Fixed maturities available-for-sale, at fair value (amortized cost: $698.6 million and
   $6.4 million as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020)
$ 697.6  $ 6.6 
Short-term investments (cost: $107.5 million)
107.5  — 
Total investments 805.1  6.6 
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash 319.6  571.4 
Premium receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $1.0 million and
$0.5 million as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020
129.2  86.1 
Reinsurance recoverable 70.8  49.0 
Prepaid reinsurance premium 150.2  91.3 
Deferred acquisition costs 6.0  3.5 
Property and equipment, net 10.8  5.7 
Intangible assets 0.6  0.6 
Other assets 29.4  14.5 
Total assets $ 1,521.7  $ 828.7 
Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity
Unpaid loss and loss adjustment expense $ 74.0  $ 46.3 
Unearned premium 203.2  123.8 
Trade payables 3.0  1.4 
Funds held for reinsurance treaties 97.1  62.1 
Deferred ceding commission 36.1  22.4 
Ceded premium payable 24.8  13.0 
Other liabilities and accrued expenses 35.5  18.7 
Total liabilities 473.7  287.7 
Commitments and contingencies (Note 14)
Stockholders' equity
Common stock, $0.00001 par value, 200,000,000 shares authorized; 61,615,624 and 56,774,294 shares issued and outstanding as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively
—  — 
Additional paid-in capital 1,539.5  859.8 
Accumulated deficit (491.6) (320.6)
Accumulated other comprehensive income 0.1  1.8 
Total stockholders' equity 1,048.0  541.0 
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity $ 1,521.7  $ 828.7 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

5


LEMONADE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE LOSS
($ in millions, except share and per share amounts)
(Unaudited)
Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended
September 30,
2021 2020 2021 2020
Revenue
Net earned premium $ 21.5  $ 10.5  $ 51.6  $ 65.0 
Ceding commission income 12.3  7.0  31.9  7.4 
Net investment income 0.6  0.2  1.0  1.3 
Commission and other income 1.3  0.1  2.9  0.2 
Total revenue 35.7  17.8  87.4  73.9 
Expense
Loss and loss adjustment expense, net 17.5  6.7  47.0  45.4 
Other insurance expense 6.3  3.5  16.3  10.8 
Sales and marketing 42.2  22.2  104.4  57.5 
Technology development 14.3  5.3  35.4  13.0 
General and administrative 19.6  10.6  49.5  34.6 
Total expense 99.9  48.3  252.6  161.3 
Loss before income taxes (64.2) (30.5) (165.2) (87.4)
Income tax expense 2.2  0.4  5.8  1.0 
Net loss $ (66.4) $ (30.9) $ (171.0) $ (88.4)
Other comprehensive income, net of tax
Unrealized (loss) gain on investments (0.8) 0.4  (1.2) 0.6 
  Foreign currency translation adjustment —  —  (0.5) — 
Comprehensive loss $ (67.2) $ (30.5) $ (172.7) $ (87.8)
Per share data:
Net loss per share attributable to common stockholders
  —basic and diluted
$ (1.08) $ (0.57) $ (2.80) $ (3.41)
Weighted average common shares outstanding—basic
  and diluted
61,580,145 53,997,315 61,086,238 25,935,362 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

6


LEMONADE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN CONVERTIBLE PREFERRED STOCK AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (DEFICIT)
($ in millions, except share amounts)
(Unaudited)
Convertible Preferred Stock Common Stock Additional Paid-In Capital Accumulated Deficit Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income Total Stockholders' Equity (Deficit)
Shares Amount Shares Amount
Balance as of December 31, 2020
—  $ —  56,774,294  $ —  $ 859.8  $ (320.6) $ 1.8  541.0 
Issuance of common stock upon closing of
  Follow-on Offering, net of underwriting
  discounts and commissions and offering
  costs of $22.8 million
—  —  4,018,647  —  640.3  —  —  640.3 
Exercise of stock options —  —  577,162  —  6.1  —  —  6.1 
Stock-based compensation —  —  —  —  6.1  —  —  6.1 
Net loss —  —  —  —  —  (49.0) —  (49.0)
Other comprehensive loss —  —  —  —  —  —  (0.8) (0.8)
Balance as of March 31, 2021 —  $ —  61,370,103  $ —  $ 1,512.3  $ (369.6) $ 1.0  $ 1,143.7 
Exercise of stock options —  —  162,024  —  1.7  —  —  1.7 
Stock-based compensation —  —  —  —  11.9  —  —  11.9 
Net loss —  —  —  —  —  (55.6) —  (55.6)
Other comprehensive loss —  —  —  —  —  —  (0.1) (0.1)
Balance as of June 30, 2021 —  $ —  61,532,127  $ —  $ 1,525.9  $ (425.2) $ 0.9  $ 1,101.6 
Exercise of stock options and distribution of restricted stock units —  —  83,497  —  0.9  —  —  0.9 
Stock-based compensation —  —  —  —  12.7  —  —  12.7 
Net loss —  —  —  —  —  (66.4) —  (66.4)
Other comprehensive loss —  —  —  —  —  —  (0.8) (0.8)
Balance as of September 30, 2021
—  $ —  61,615,624  $ —  $ 1,539.5  $ (491.6) $ 0.1  $ 1,048.0 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
7


LEMONADE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN CONVERTIBLE PREFERRED STOCK AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (DEFICIT)
($ in millions, except share amounts)
(Unaudited)

Convertible Preferred Stock Common Stock Additional Paid-In Capital Accumulated Deficit Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income Total Stockholders' Equity (Deficit)
Shares Amount Shares Amount
Balance as of December 31, 2019
31,557,107  $ 480.2  11,271,228  $ —  $ 15.7  $ (198.3) $ 0.1  $ (182.5)
Exercise of stock options —  —  54,374  —  —  —  —  — 
Stock-based compensation —  —  —  —  2.2  —  —  2.2 
Contribution to the Lemonade Foundation —  —  500,000  —  12.2  —  —  12.2 
Net loss —  —  —  —  —  (36.5) —  (36.5)
Other comprehensive income —  —  —  —  —  —  —  — 
Balance as of March 31, 2020 31,557,107  $ 480.2  11,825,602  $ —  $ 30.1  $ (234.8) $ 0.1  $ (204.6)
Exercise of stock options —  —  30,562  —  0.1  —  —  0.1 
Stock-based compensation —  —  —  —  2.4  —  —  2.4 
Release of shares upon repayment —  —  513,537  —  1.3  —  —  1.3 
Net loss —  —  —  —  —  (21.0) —  (21.0)
Other comprehensive income —  —  —  —  —  —  0.2  0.2 
Balance as of June 30, 2020 31,557,107  $ 480.2  12,369,701  $ —  $ 33.9  $ (255.8) $ 0.3  $ (221.6)
Conversion of convertible preferred stock to common stock upon closing of Initial Public Offering (IPO) (31,557,107) (480.2) 31,557,107  —  480.2  —  —  480.2 
Issuance of common stock upon closing of IPO, net of issuance costs and underwriting fees of $28.9 million
—  —  12,650,000  —  338.0  —  —  338.0 
Exercise of stock options —  —  7,221  —  0.2  —  —  0.2 
Stock-based compensation —  —  —  —  2.7  —  —  2.7 
Net loss —  —  —  —  —  (30.9) —  (30.9)
Other comprehensive income —  —  —  —  —  —  0.4  0.4 
Balance as of September 30, 2020 —  $ —  56,584,029  $ —  $ 855.0  $ (286.7) $ 0.7  $ 569.0 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
8

Table of contents
LEMONADE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
($ in millions)
(Unaudited)
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
2021 2020
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net loss $ (171.0) $ (88.4)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
Depreciation 2.5  1.1 
Stock-based compensation 30.7  7.3 
Amortization of discount on bonds (1.5) (0.4)
Provision for bad debts 3.8  1.4 
Common shares contribution to the Lemonade Foundation —  12.2 
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Premium receivable (46.9) (30.1)
Reinsurance recoverable (21.8) (21.9)
Prepaid reinsurance premium (58.9) (85.2)
Deferred acquisition costs (2.5) (1.5)
Other assets (15.0) (11.4)
Unpaid loss and loss adjustment expense 27.7  11.5 
Unearned premium 79.4  47.3 
Trade payables 1.6  0.3 
Funds held for reinsurance treaties 35.0  52.4 
Deferred ceding commissions 13.7  20.9 
Ceded premium payable 11.8  14.0 
Other liabilities and accrued expenses 16.7  (0.5)
Net cash used in operating activities (94.7) (71.0)
Cash flows from investing activities:
Proceeds from short-term investments sold or matured —  55.0 
Proceeds from bonds sold or matured 7.9  2.2 
Cost of short-term investments acquired (107.5) (14.9)
Cost of bonds acquired (700.1) (2.9)
Purchases of property and equipment (7.4) (3.1)
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities (807.1) 36.3 
Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds from Initial Public Offering and Follow-on Offering, net of underwriting
discounts and commissions and offering costs
640.3  338.0 
Proceeds from release of shares upon repayment —  1.3 
Proceeds from stock exercises 8.7  0.3 
Net cash provided by financing activities 649.0  339.6 
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash 1.0  0.5 
Net (decrease) increase in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash (251.8) 305.4 
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period 571.4  270.3 
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period $ 319.6  $ 575.7 
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:
Cash paid for income taxes $ 2.1  $ 1.1 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
9


LEMONADE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

1.Nature of the Business
Lemonade, Inc. is a public benefit corporation organized under Delaware law on June 17, 2015. It provides certain personnel, facilities and services to each of its subsidiaries (together with Lemonade, Inc., the “Company”), all of which are 100% owned, directly or indirectly, by Lemonade, Inc. For the list of the Company's US and EU subsidiaries, see Note 1 - Nature of the Business, of the audited consolidated financial statements and related notes thereto for the year ended December 31, 2020 as contained in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ending December 31, 2020 (the "Annual Report on Form 10-K") for more complete descriptions and discussions.

2.Basis of Presentation
The accompanying interim condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) and include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All material intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated upon consolidation. All foreign currency amounts in the condensed consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive loss have been translated using an average rate for the reporting period. All foreign currency balances in the balance sheet have been translated using the spot rate at the end of the reporting period. All figures expressed, except share amounts, are in U.S. dollars in millions.
Risk and Uncertainties
The global pandemic resulting from the disease known as COVID-19, caused by a novel strain of coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, has caused national and global economic and financial market disruptions and may adversely impact our business. Although the Company did not see a material impact on its results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the Company cannot predict the duration or magnitude of the pandemic or the full impact that it may have on the Company’s financial condition and results of operations, business operations, and workforce.
Unaudited interim financial information
In the opinion of the Company, the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements contain all adjustments, consisting of only normal recurring adjustments, necessary for the fair presentation of its financial position and its results of operations, changes in stockholders’ equity (deficit) and cash flows. The condensed consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2020, was derived from audited annual financial statements but does not contain all of the footnote disclosures from the annual financial statements. The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and related financial information should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and the related notes thereto for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2020 contained in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K.
3.Use of Estimates
The preparation of the condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. On an ongoing basis, the Company’s management evaluates estimates, including those related to contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements as well as the reported amounts of revenue and expense during the reporting period. Such estimates are based on historical experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities. These estimates, judgments and assumptions can affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the dates of the condensed consolidated financial statements, and the reported amounts of expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Significant estimates reflected in the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements include, but are not limited to, reserves for loss and loss adjustment expense, reinsurance recoverables on unpaid losses, valuation allowance on deferred tax assets and valuation on stock-based compensation prior to the Company's Initial Public Offering (the "IPO").
10



4.Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash
The following represents the Company’s cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 ($ in millions):
September 30, December 31,
2021 2020
Cash and cash equivalents $ 319.4  $ 570.8 
Restricted cash 0.2  0.6 
Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash $ 319.6  $ 571.4 
Cash and cash equivalents consist primarily of bank deposits and money market accounts with maturities of three months or less at the date of acquisition and are stated at cost, which approximates fair value. The Company’s restricted cash relates to security deposits for office leases in Israel. The carrying value of restricted cash approximates fair value.
Deferred offering costs
The Company capitalizes certain legal, accounting and other third-party fees that are directly associated with in-process equity financings as deferred offering costs until such financings are consummated. After consummation of the equity financing, these costs are recorded as a reduction to the carrying value of stockholders' equity (deficit) as a reduction of additional paid-in capital generated as a result of such offering. In connection with the IPO, the Company incurred total offering costs of $32.4 million, of which $28.9 million was recorded as a reduction to gross proceeds, and $3.5 million was recognized as a component of general and administrative expense in 2019. On January 14, 2021, the Company completed a Follow-on Offering of common stock, as defined and discussed in detail in Note 9, which generated net proceeds of $525.7 million, after deducting underwriting discounts and offering costs. On February 1, 2021, the underwriters exercised their option to purchase additional shares, and generated additional net proceeds to us of $114.6 million. Deferred offering costs from the Follow-on Offering amounted to $0.4 million.
Recent accounting pronouncements
The Company currently qualifies as an “emerging growth company” under the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012, or the JOBS Act. Accordingly, the Company is provided the option to adopt new or revised accounting guidance either (i) within the same periods as those otherwise applicable to non-emerging growth companies or (ii) within the same time periods as private companies.
The Company has elected to adopt new or revised accounting guidance within the same time period as private companies, unless, as indicated below, management determines it is preferable to take advantage of early adoption provisions offered within the applicable guidance.
ASU 2019-12, Income Taxes (Topic 740), Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes, simplifies the various aspects related to accounting for income taxes by removing certain exceptions to the general principles in Topic 740 and clarifies and amends the existing guidance to improve consistent application. The adoption of ASU 2019-12 beginning January 1, 2021 did not have a material impact on our condensed consolidated financial statement and related disclosures.
11


In February 2016, the FASB issued Leases (Topic 842) (“ASU 2016-02”), whereby a lessee will be required to recognize for all leases at the commencement date a lease liability, which is a lessee’s obligation to make lease payments arising from a lease, measured on a discounted basis; and a right-of-use asset, which is an asset that represents the lessee’s right to use, or control the use of, a specified asset for the lease term. Under the new guidance, lessor accounting is largely unchanged. A modified retrospective transition approach for leases existing at, or entered into after, the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented in the financial statements must be applied. The modified retrospective approach would not require any transition accounting for leases that expired before the earliest comparative period presented. ASU 2016-02 is effective for the Company’s annual periods beginning after December 15, 2020, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021. The adoption of the new standard is expected to result in the recognition of additional lease liabilities and right-of-use assets as of January 1, 2022. The Company is evaluating the potential impact of this pronouncement.
In June 2016, the FASB issued Financial Instruments — Credit Losses, Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments (“ASU 2016-13”). ASU 2016-13 will change the way entities recognize impairment of financial assets by requiring immediate recognition of estimated credit losses expected to occur over the remaining life of many financial assets, including, among others, held-to-maturity debt securities, premium receivables, and reinsurance recoverable. The valuation allowance is a measurement of expected losses that is based on relevant information about past events, including historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts that affect the collectability of the reported amount. This methodology is referred to as the current expected credit loss model. ASU 2016-13 requires a valuation allowance to be calculated on these financial assets, as well as available for sale securities, and that they be presented on the financial statements net of the valuation allowance. ASU 2016-13 is effective for the Company’s annual periods beginning after December 15, 2022, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of ASU 2016-13 on its financial condition and results of operations, with a primary focus on its reinsurance recoverable.
Reclassification
Certain accounts in the prior period financial statements were reclassified to conform with the current period presentation.
5.Investments
Unrealized gains and losses
The following tables present cost or amortized cost and fair values of investment in fixed maturities as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 ($ in millions):
Cost or Amortized Cost Gross
Unrealized
Fair
Value
Gains Losses
September 30, 2021
Corporate debt securities $ 588.0  $ —  $ (0.9) $ 587.1 
U.S. Government obligations 110.0  0.1  (0.2) 109.9 
Municipal securities 0.6  —  —  0.6 
Total $ 698.6  $ 0.1  $ (1.1) $ 697.6 
December 31, 2020
Corporate debt securities $ —  $ —  $ —  $ — 
U.S. Government obligations 6.4  0.2  —  6.6 
Municipal securities —  —  —  — 
Total $ 6.4  $ 0.2  $ —  $ 6.6 

Gross unrealized losses amounted to $1.1 million as of September 30, 2021 and less than $0.1 million as of December 31, 2020. Gross unrealized gains and losses were recorded as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income.
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Contractual maturities of bonds
The following table presents the cost or amortized cost and estimated fair value of investments in fixed maturities as of September 30, 2021 by contractual maturity ($ in millions). Expected maturities may differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties.
September 30, 2021
Cost or
Amortized
Cost
Fair Value
Due in one year or less $ 31.0  $ 31.0 
Due after one year through five years 667.6  666.6 
Due after five years through ten years —  — 
Due after ten years —  — 
Total $ 698.6  $ 697.6 


Net investment income
An analysis of net investment income follows ($ in millions):
Three Months Ended
September 30,
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
2021 2020 2021 2020
Interest on cash and cash equivalents $ 0.1  $ 0.1  $ 0.4  $ 0.9 
Fixed maturities 0.6  0.1  0.7  0.1 
Short-term investments —  —  —  0.3 
0.7  $ 0.2  1.1  1.3 
Investment expense 0.1  —  0.1  — 
Net investment income $ 0.6  $ 0.2  $ 1.0  $ 1.3 


Investment gains and losses
The Company had pre-tax net realized capital losses of $0.2 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021. There were no pre-tax net realized capital gains or losses for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020.

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Aging of gross unrealized losses
The following table presents the gross unrealized losses and related fair values for the Company’s investment in fixed maturities, grouped by duration of time in a continuous unrealized loss position as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 ($ in millions):
Less than 12 Months 12 Months or More Total
Fair Value Gross Unrealized Losses Fair Value Gross Unrealized Losses Fair Value Gross Unrealized Losses
September 30, 2021
Corporate debt securities $ 504.8  $ (0.9) $ —  $ —  $ 504.8  $ (0.9)
U.S. Government obligations 103.9  (0.2) —  —  103.9  (0.2)
Municipal securities —  —  —  —  —  — 
Total $ 608.7  $ (1.1) $ —  $ —  $ 608.7  $ (1.1)
Less than 12 Months 12 Months or More Total
Fair Value Gross Unrealized Losses Fair Value Gross Unrealized Losses Fair Value Gross Unrealized Losses
December 31, 2020
Corporate debt securities $ —  $ —  $ —  $ —  $ —  $ — 
U.S. Government obligations —  —  —  —  —  — 
Municipal securities —  —  —  —  —  — 
Total $ —  $ —  $ —  $ —  $ —  $ — 

Gross unrealized losses for investment in fixed maturities for twelve months or more was less than $0.1 million for both September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020.
The gross unrealized investment losses as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, were deemed to be temporary, based on, among other things:
the duration of time and the relative magnitude to which fair values of these investments have been below their amortized cost was not indicative of an other than temporary impairment loss;
the absence of compelling evidence that would cause the Company to call into question the financial condition or near-term prospects of the issuer of the investment; and
the Company’s ability and intent to hold the investment for a period of time sufficient to allow for any anticipated recovery.
The Company may ultimately record a realized loss after having originally concluded that the decline in value was temporary. Risks and uncertainties are inherent in the methodology the Company uses to assess other-than-temporary declines in value. Risks and uncertainties could include, but are not limited to, incorrect assumptions about financial condition, liquidity or future prospects, inadequacy of any underlying collateral, and unfavorable changes in economic conditions or social trends, interest rates or credit ratings.
As of September 30, 2021, one of the investments in fixed maturities was held in unrealized loss position for 12 months or more, and none as of December 31, 2020.
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6.     Fair Value Measurements
The following tables present the Company’s fair value hierarchy for financial assets and liabilities measured as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 ($ in millions):

September 30, 2021
Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total
Assets:
Corporate debt securities $ —  $ 587.1  $ —  $ 587.1 
U.S. Government obligations —  109.9  —  109.9 
Municipal securities —  0.6  —  0.6 
Fixed maturities —  $ 697.6  —  $ 697.6 
Short term investments —  107.5  —  107.5 
Total $ —  $ 805.1  $ —  $ 805.1 

December 31, 2020
Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total
Assets:
Corporate debt securities $ —  $ —  $ —  $ — 
U.S. Government obligations —  6.6  —  6.6 
Municipal securities —  —  —  — 
Fixed maturities —  6.6  —  6.6 
Short term investments —  —  —  — 
Total $ —  $ 6.6  $ —  $ 6.6 
The fair value of all our different classes of Level 2 fixed maturities and short-term investments are estimated by using quoted prices from a third-party valuation service provider to gather, analyze and interpret market information and derive fair values based upon relevant methodologies and assumptions for individual instruments.
There were no transfers between Level 1, Level 2, or Level 3 during September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively.
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7.Unpaid Loss and Loss Adjustment Expense
The following table presents the activity in the liability for unpaid loss and loss adjustment expense ("LAE") for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 ($ in millions):
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
2021 2020
Unpaid loss and LAE at beginning of period $ 46.3  $ 28.2 
Less: Reinsurance recoverable at beginning of period (1)
36.3  18.5 
Net unpaid loss and LAE at beginning of period 10.0  9.7 
Add: Incurred loss and LAE, net of reinsurance, related to:
Current year 47.3  44.1 
Prior years (0.3) 1.3 
Total incurred 47.0  45.4 
Deduct: Paid loss and LAE, net of reinsurance, related to:
Current year 32.3  36.4 
Prior years 6.3  11.0 
Total paid 38.6  47.4 
Unpaid loss and LAE, net of reinsurance recoverable, at end of period 18.4  7.7 
Reinsurance recoverable at end of period (1)
55.6  32.0 
Unpaid loss and LAE, gross of reinsurance recoverable, at end of period $ 74.0  $ 39.7 
(1)    Reinsurance recoverable in this table includes only ceded unpaid loss and LAE
Unpaid loss and LAE includes anticipated salvage and subrogation recoverable.

Considerable variability is inherent in the estimate of the reserve for losses and LAE. Although management believes the liability recorded for losses and LAE is adequate, the variability inherent in this estimate could result in changes to the ultimate liability, which may be material to stockholders' equity. Additional variability exists due to accident year allocations of ceded amounts in accordance with reinsurance agreements, which is not expected to result in any changes to the ultimate liability. The Company had favorable development on net loss and LAE reserves of $0.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021, and unfavorable development on net loss and LAE reserves of $1.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020. No additional premiums or returned premiums have been accrued as a result of prior year effects.
For the nine months ended September 30, 2021, current accident year incurred loss and LAE included $6.9 million of net incurred loss and LAE from the severe winter storm that affected our customers in the states of Texas and Oklahoma. The net incurred loss and LAE from Winter Storm Uri as of September 30, 2021 represents the Company's best estimates based upon information currently available.
Through June 30, 2021, the Company had proportional reinsurance contracts which cover all of the Company's products and geographies, and transferred, or “ceded,” 75% of the premium to reinsurers ("Proportional Reinsurance Contracts"). In exchange, these reinsurers paid a ceding commission of 25% for every dollar ceded, in addition to funding all of the corresponding claims, or 75% of all claims. The Company opted to manage the remaining 25% of the business with alternative forms of reinsurance through non-proportional reinsurance contracts ("Non-Proportional Reinsurance Contracts").
A portion of the Company’s proportional reinsurance program expired on June 30, 2021. The Company renewed the majority of the expiring reinsurance contracts at terms that are very similar to the prior agreements. As the business continues to grow and diversify, and with stability in our insurance results, the Company decreased the overall share of proportional reinsurance from 75% of premium to 70%. In addition, the Company purchased a new reinsurance program to protect against catastrophe risk in the U.S that exceed $60 million in losses. Other non-proportional reinsurance contracts were renewed with terms similar to the expiring contracts.
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8.Other Liabilities and Accrued Expenses
Other liabilities and accrued expenses as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 consist of the following ($ in millions):
September 30, December 31,
2021 2020
Accrued advertising costs $ 9.9  $ 6.8 
Payable for securities 4.6  — 
Premium taxes payable 4.3  3.2 
Employee compensation payable 4.2  3.7 
Income tax payable 3.9  0.3 
Advance premium 2.7  — 
Accrued professional fees 2.7  2.6 
VAT payable 0.2  0.2 
Other payables 3.0  1.9 
Total other liabilities and accrued expenses $ 35.5  $ 18.7 

9.    Stockholders’ Equity

Common stock
The Company completed its IPO on July 2, 2020, in which the Company issued and sold 12,650,000 shares of its common stock at a public offering price of $29 per share, including 1,650,000 shares sold upon the exercise of the underwriter's option to purchase additional shares. After underwriter discounts and commissions and other offering costs, net proceeds from the IPO were approximately $335.6 million.
In connection with the IPO, the Company's outstanding convertible preferred stock converted into 31,557,107 shares of common stock. Upon conversion of the convertible preferred stock, the Company reclassified the carrying value of the preferred stock to common stock and additional paid in capital.
Upon closing of the IPO, the Company filed an amended and restated certificate of incorporation on July 7, 2020 with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware to authorize the issuance of up to 200,000,000 shares of common stock, par value $0.00001 per share, and 10,000,000 shares of undesignated preferred stock, par value $0.00001 per share.
On January 14, 2021, the Company completed a Follow-on Offering of common stock (the "Follow-on Offering"), which resulted in the issuance and sale of 3,300,000 shares of common stock of the Company, and 1,524,314 shares of common stock by certain selling shareholders, and generated net proceeds to us of $525.7 million after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and other offering costs. On February 1, 2021, the underwriters exercised their option to purchase additional shares, which resulted in the issuance and sale of an additional 718,647 shares of common stock of the Company, and generated additional net proceeds of $114.6 million to us after deducting underwriting discounts.
As of both September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the Company was authorized to issue 200,000,000 shares of par value $0.00001 per share common stock. The voting, dividend and liquidation rights of the holders of the Company’s common stock is subject to and qualified by the rights, powers and preferences of the holders of the preferred stock.
On February 18, 2020, the Company made a contribution of 500,000 newly issued shares of common stock to a related party, the Lemonade Foundation (see Note 13). In connection with the Follow-on Offering noted above, Lemonade Foundation sold 100,000 of the contributed shares of the Company.
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Undesignated Preferred Stock
As of both September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the Company's certificate of incorporation, as amended and restated, authorized the Company to issue up to 10,000,000 shares of undesignated preferred stock, par value $0.00001 per share. As of both September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, there were no shares of undesignated preferred stock issued or outstanding.

10.    Stock-based Compensation
Share option plans
2020 Incentive Compensation Plan
On July 2, 2020, the Company’s board of directors adopted and the Company’s stockholders approved the 2020 Incentive Compensation Plan (the “2020 Plan”), which became effective immediately prior to the effectiveness of the registration statement for the Company’s IPO on July 2, 2020. The 2020 Plan provides for the issuance of incentive stock options, non-qualified stock options, stock awards, stock units, stock appreciation rights and other stock-based awards.
The number of shares initially reserved for issuance under the 2020 Plan is 5,503,678 shares, inclusive of available shares previously reserved for issuance under the 2015 Incentive Share Option Plan, as amended and restated on September 4, 2019 (the “2015 Plan”). In addition, the number of shares reserved for issuance under the 2020 Plan is subject to increase for awards previously issued under the 2015 Plan which are forfeited or lapse unexercised. Annually, on the first day of each calendar year beginning on January 1, 2021 and ending on and including January 1, 2030, the reserve will be increased by an amount equal to the lesser of (A) 5% of the shares outstanding (on an as-converted basis) on the last day of the immediately preceding fiscal year and (B) such smaller number of shares as determined by the Company’s board of directors, provided that no more than 3,650,000 shares may be issued upon the exercise of incentive stock options. On January 1, 2021, the 2020 Plan was increased by 2,838,412 shares, equal to 5% of the aggregate number of outstanding common stock as of December 31, 2020. As of September 30, 2021, there were 5,733,902 shares of common stock available for future grants.
2020 Employee Stock Purchase Plan
On July 2, 2020, the Company's board of directors adopted and the Company's stockholders approved the 2020 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the "2020 ESPP"), which became effective immediately prior to the effectiveness of the registration statement for the Company's IPO on July 2, 2020. The total shares of common stock initially reserved for issuance under the 2020 ESPP is limited to 1,000,000 shares. In addition, the number of shares available for issuance under the 2020 ESPP will be annually increased on January 1 of each calendar year beginning in 2021 and ending in and including 2030, by an amount equal to the lesser of (A) 1,000,000 shares, (B) 1% of the shares outstanding on the final day of the immediately preceding calendar year and (C) such smaller number of shares as is determined by the board of directors. The board of directors or a committee of the board of directors will administer and will have authority to interpret the terms of the 2020 ESPP and determine eligibility of participants. On January 1, 2021, the 2020 ESPP was increased by 567,682 shares, equal to 1% of the aggregate number of outstanding common stock as of December 31, 2020. As of September 30, 2021, there were no shares of common stock issued under the 2020 ESPP.
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2015 Incentive Share Option Plan
In July 2015, the Company adopted the 2015 Plan. The 2015 Plan has been amended and restated from time to time to increase the number of shares reserved for grant and to enable the grant of options to employees of the Company’s subsidiaries. Under the 2015 Plan, options to purchase common stock of the Company may be granted to employees, officers, directors and consultants of the Company. Each option granted can be exercised for one share of common stock of the Company. Options granted to employees generally vest over a period of no more than four years. The options expire ten years from the date of grant.
Pursuant to the 2015 Plan, the Company had reserved 7,312,590 shares of common stock for issuance. Effective immediately upon the approval of the 2020 plan, the remaining shares of common stock available for future grant under the 2015 Plan were transferred to the 2020 Plan. As of September 30, 2021, there were no shares of common stock available for future grant under the 2015 Plan. Subsequent to the approval of the 2020 Plan, no additional grants will be made under the 2015 Plan and any outstanding awards under the 2015 Plan will continue with their original terms.
Options granted to employees and non-employees
The fair value of each option granted for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes model based on the following assumptions:
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
2021 2020
Weighted average expected term (years) 6.1 6.1
Risk-free interest rate 1.3% 0.8%
Volatility 49% 40%
Expected dividend yield 0% 0%
Expected volatility is calculated based on implied volatility from market comparisons of certain publicly traded companies and other factors. The expected term of options granted is based on the simplified method, which uses the midpoint between the vesting date and the contractual term in accordance with ASC 718, “Compensation — Stock Compensation”. The risk-free interest rate is based on observed interest rates appropriate for the term of the Company’s stock options. The dividend yield assumption is based on the Company’s historical and expected future dividend payouts and may be subject to substantial change in the future.
The following tables summarize activity of stock options and restricted stock units ("RSUs") ($ in millions, except for number of options and weighted average amounts):
Stock options
Number of
Options
Weighted-
Average
Exercise
Price
Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years) Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding as of December 31, 2020
4,944,711 $ 20.50  8.30 $ 506.58 
Granted 2,319,085 91.13 
Exercised (810,575) 10.68 
Cancelled (420,423) 49.50 
Outstanding as of September 30, 2021
6,032,798 $ 46.58  8.38 $ 177.06 
Options exercisable as of September 30, 2021
1,953,806 $ 15.52  7.21 $ 101.42 
Options unvested as of September 30, 2021
4,078,992 $ 61.45  8.94 $ 75.64 
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On July 28, 2021, the Board of Directors of the Company approved the reduction in exercise price of certain options granted to employees in the beginning of 2021, with original exercise price ranging from $142.64 to $159.02 and were each repriced at an exercise price of $90.70 per share. Incremental compensation expense resulting from the repricing was $3.0 million, and compensation expense amounted to $0.6 million and $0.6 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, respectively. There were no changes in the vesting schedule or maturity term of the options.
Restricted Stock Units
Number of shares Grant Date
Fair Value
Outstanding as of December 31, 2020
—  $ — 
Granted 144,254  109.50 
Vested (12,108) 159.02 
Cancelled (1,905) 157.76 
Outstanding as of September 30, 2021
130,241  $ 104.19 
Stock-based compensation expense
Stock-based compensation expense from stock options and RSUs granted included and classified in the condensed consolidated statements of operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 is as follows ($ in millions):
Three Months Ended
September 30,
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
2021 2020 2021 2020
Loss and loss adjustment expense, net $ 0.3  $ 0.1  $ 1.0  $ 0.2 
Other insurance expense 0.4  0.1  0.8  0.5 
Sales and marketing 1.4  0.8  3.8  2.1 
Technology development 5.3  0.8  12.8  2.1 
General and administrative 5.3  0.9  12.3  2.4 
Total stock-based compensation expense $ 12.7  $ 2.7  $ 30.7  $ 7.3 
Stock-based compensation expense classified by award type as included in the condensed consolidated statements of operations is as follows ($ in millions):
Three Months Ended
September 30,
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
2021 2020 2021 2020
Stock options $ 12.0  $ 2.7  $ 28.0  $ 7.3 
RSUs 0.7  —  2.7  — 
Total stock-based compensation expense $ 12.7  $ 2.7  $ 30.7  $ 7.3 
The total unrecognized expense granted to employees and non-employees outstanding at September 30, 2021 was $104.7 million for the stock options and $12.4 million for the RSUs, with a remaining weighted-average vesting period of 1.4 years for the stock options and 1.7 years for the RSUs.

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11.    Income Taxes
Effective tax rates
The consolidated effective tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 was (3.5)% and (1.1)%, respectively. The change in effective tax rate over the two periods was predominantly reflective of the change in profit before tax of its wholly-owned subsidiaries in Israel and the Netherlands. The Company believes that as of September 30, 2021, it had no material uncertain tax positions. Interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax expenses (benefits) are recognized in income tax expense, when applicable.
There were no material liabilities for interest and penalties accrued as of September 30, 2021.
On March 27, 2020, the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (“CARES Act”) was signed into law in the U.S. to provide certain relief as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition, governments around the world have enacted or implemented various forms of tax relief in measures in response to the economic conditions due to the COVID-19 pandemic. As of September 30, 2021, the Company has determined that neither the CARES Act nor changes to income tax laws or regulations in other jurisdictions had a significant impact on the Company's effective tax rate.

12.    Net Loss per Share
Net loss per share
Basic and diluted net loss per share attributable to common stockholders was calculated as follows:
Three Months Ended
September 30,
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
2021 2020 2021 2020
Numerator:
Net loss attributable to common stockholders ($ in millions) $ (66.4) $ (30.9) $ (171.0) $ (88.4)
Denominator:
Weighted average common shares outstanding — basic and diluted 61,580,145 53,997,315 61,086,238 25,935,362
Net loss per share attributable to common stockholders — basic and diluted $ (1.08) $ (0.57) $ (2.80) $ (3.41)
The Company’s potentially dilutive securities, which include stock options, unvested RSUs and preferred stock, have been excluded from the computation of diluted net loss per share as the effect would be anti-dilutive. Therefore, the weighted average number of common shares outstanding used to calculate both basic and diluted net loss per share attributable to common stockholders is the same. The Company excluded unvested RSUs and outstanding options to purchase common stock of 6,163,039 and 4,814,924 for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively, from the computation of diluted net loss per share attributable to common stockholders for the periods indicated because including them would have had an anti-dilutive effect.

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13.    Related Party Transactions
The Company uses the services of a travel agency owned by a relative of one of the Company’s key stockholders. The Company incurred less than $0.1 million of travel related expenses during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021. Travel expenses was less than $0.1 million during the three months ended September 30, 2020 and $0.1 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2020.
The Company has historically leased office spaces in the United States and The Netherlands from an affiliate. Rental expense amounted to less than $0.1 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, and less than $0.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020 and $0.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020. There were no outstanding amounts due to or from related parties as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020.
The Company’s Chief Executive Officer and the Company’s President and Chief Operating Officer, both of whom are also members of the Company’s board of directors, are the two sole members of the board of directors of the Lemonade Foundation. Effective July 2021, the Company's President and Chief Operating Officer became the Company's Co-Chief Executive Officer. The Company contributed 500,000 shares of common stock with a fair market value of $24.36 per share (see Note 9). The Company recorded $12.2 million of non-cash expense within general and administrative expense in connection with this contribution for the year ended December 31, 2020. In connection with the Follow-on Offering as discussed in Note 9, Lemonade Foundation sold 100,000 shares of the contributed shares of the Company. As of September 30, 2021, there were no outstanding amounts due to or from the Lemonade Foundation.

14.    Commitments and Contingent Liabilities
Litigation
The Company is occasionally a party to routine claims or litigation incidental to its business. The Company does not believe that it is a party to any pending legal proceeding that is likely to have a material adverse effect on its business, financial condition or results of operations.
Lease commitments
The Company and its subsidiaries lease their facilities under various operating lease agreements. The Company’s headquarters in New York is under a lease that expires in November 2022, and in November 2021 the lease agreement was modified to extend the lease term to November 2025. The Company’s Israel based operations is under a lease that expires in July 2026. The Company's office space in Scottsdale, Arizona is under a lease that expires in November 2024.
Aggregate minimum rental commitments under non-cancelable leases at September 30, 2021 are as follows ($ in millions):
2021 (remaining three months) $ 1.3 
2022 5.0 
2023 2.8 
2024 2.8 
2025 and thereafter 4.2 
$ 16.1 
Expenses for lease of facilities for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 were $1.3 million and $3.4 million, respectively, and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 were $0.9 million and $2.8 million, respectively, and are included in general and administrative expenses in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss.
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Charges and guarantees
The Company provided guarantees with respect to office leases in an aggregate amount of $0.2 million as of September 30, 2021 and $0.6 million as of December 31, 2020.

15.    Geographical Breakdown of Gross Written Premium
The Company has a single reportable segment and offers insurance coverage under the homeowners multi-peril and inland marine lines of business. Gross written premium by jurisdiction are as follows ($ in millions):
Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
2021 2020 2021 2020
Jurisdiction Amount % of GWP Amount % of GWP Amount % of GWP Amount % of GWP
California $ 29.0  24.8  % $ 15.6  21.9  % $ 70.4  25.0  % $ 34.9  22.4  %
Texas 21.7  18.6  % 15.9  22.3  % 55.4  19.6  % 36.5  23.4  %
New York 14.3  12.2  % 8.6  12.1  % 35.2  12.5  % 18.8  12.1  %
Georgia 4.9  4.2  % 3.8  5.3  % 12.9  4.6  % 8.7  5.6  %
Illinois 5.0  4.3  % 3.4  4.8  % 12.1  4.3  % 7.6  4.9  %
New Jersey 5.3  4.5  % 3.0  4.2  % 12.1  4.3  % 6.1  3.9  %
Pennsylvania 3.3  2.8  % 2.0  2.8  % 7.4  2.6  % 3.8  2.4  %
Colorado 3.1  2.7  % 1.5  2.1  % 6.5  2.3  % 3.0  1.9  %
Virginia 2.6  2.2  % 1.4  2.0  % 6.0  2.1  % 2.7  1.7  %
Michigan 2.4  2.1  % 2.0  2.8  % 5.9  2.1  % 4.4  2.8  %
All other 25.2  21.6  % 14.0  19.7  % 58.2  20.6  % 29.5  18.9  %
$ 116.8  100.0  % $ 71.2  100.0  % $ 282.1  100.0  % $ 156.0  100.0  %

16.    Subsequent Events
On November 8, 2021, Lemonade entered into a definitive agreement (“Agreement”) to acquire Metromile, Inc. (“Metromile’). Pursuant to the terms of the Agreement, the Company will acquire 100% of the equity of Metromile, through an all stock transaction that implies a fully diluted equity value of $500.0 million, or over $200.0 million net of cash (based upon the conversion ratio of 19 shares of Metromile for 1 share of Lemonade). The transaction is expected to close in the second quarter of 2022 subject to customary closing conditions, including stockholder approval of Metromile.
Metromile is a leading digital insurance platform in the United States with primary focus on data science on personalized auto insurance policies. Metromile also offers cloud-based software as a service that automates claims through its subsidiary.
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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and related notes and other information included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (the "Quarterly Report") and Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ending December 31, 2020 (the "Annual Report on Form 10-K"). The discussion and analysis below includes forward-looking statements that are subject to risks, uncertainties and other factors described in the "Risk Factors" section of our Annual Report that could cause actual results to differ materially from such forward-looking statements. Additionally, our historical results are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for any period in the future.
In this Quarterly Report, unless we indicate otherwise or the context requires, "Lemonade, Inc.," "Lemonade," "the company," "our company," "the registrant," "we," "our," "ours" and "us" refer to Lemonade, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries, including Lemonade Insurance Company and Lemonade Insurance Agency, LLC.
Our Business
Lemonade is rebuilding insurance from the ground up on a digital substrate and an innovative business model. By leveraging technology, data, artificial intelligence, contemporary design, and behavioral economics, we believe we are making insurance more delightful, more affordable, more precise, and more socially impactful. To that end, we have built a vertically-integrated company with wholly-owned insurance carriers in the United States and Europe, and the full technology stack to power them.
A two minute chat with our bot, AI Maya, is all it takes to get covered with renters or homeowners insurance, pet or life insurance, and we expect to offer a similar experience for other insurance products over time. Claims are filed by chatting to another bot, AI Jim, who pays claims in as little as three seconds. This breezy experience belies the extraordinary technology that enables it: a state-of-the-art platform that spans marketing to underwriting, customer care to claims processing, finance to regulation. Our architecture melds artificial intelligence with the human kind, and learns from the prodigious data it generates to become ever better at delighting customers and quantifying risk.
In addition to digitizing insurance end-to-end, we also reimagined the underlying business model to minimize volatility while maximizing trust and social impact. In a departure from the traditional insurance model, where profits can literally depend on the weather, we typically retain a fixed fee, currently 25% of premiums, and our gross margins are expected to change little in good years and in bad. At Lemonade, excess claims are generally offloaded to reinsurers, while excess premiums are usually donated to nonprofits selected by our customers as part of our annual “Giveback”. These two ballasts, reinsurance and Giveback, reduce volatility, while creating an aligned, trustful, and values-rich relationship with our customers.
Lemonade’s cocktail of delightful experience, aligned values, and great prices enjoys broad appeal, while over indexing on younger and first time buyers of insurance. As these customers progress through predictable lifecycle events, their insurance needs normally grow to encompass more and higher-value products: renters regularly acquire more property and frequently upgrade to successively larger homes; home buying often coincides with a growing household and a corresponding need for life or pet insurance, and so forth. These progressions can trigger orders-of-magnitude increases in insurance premiums.
The result is a business with highly-recurring and naturally-growing revenue streams; a level of automation that we believe delights consumers while collapsing costs; and an architecture that generates and employs data to price and underwrite risk with ever-greater precision to the benefit of our company, our customers and their chosen nonprofits.
This powerful trifecta, delightful experience, aligned values, and great prices, has delivered rapid growth alongside steadily improving results. During the nine months ended September 30, 2021, our gross written premium, or GWP, of $282.1 million increased 81% from $156.0 million written during the nine months ended September 30, 2020, mainly driven by the Company's continued growth and success from digital advertising campaigns. Despite our change in reinsurance arrangements in July 2020, our total revenue was $87.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 in comparison to $73.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020. Net loss was $171.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 as compared to $88.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020. See “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Components of Our Results of Operations — Revenue — Gross Written Premium.”
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For the nine months ended September 30, 2021, our gross loss ratio of 88% was significantly impacted by the severe winter storm that affected our customers in the states of Texas and Oklahoma during the period ("Winter Storm Uri"). The impact of this winter storm, along with other catastrophe losses, on our gross loss ratio for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 was 22%. See "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Key Operating and Financial Metrics and Results of Operations."
On November 8, 2021, Lemonade entered into a definitive agreement (“Agreement”) to acquire Metromile, Inc. (“Metromile’). Pursuant to the terms of the Agreement, the Company will acquire 100% of the equity of Metromile, through an all stock transaction that implies a fully diluted equity value of $500.0 million, or over $200.0 million net of cash (based upon the conversion ratio of 19 shares of Metromile for 1 share of Lemonade). The transaction is expected to close in the second quarter of 2022 subject to customary closing conditions, including stockholder approval of Metromile.
Metromile is a leading digital insurance platform in the United States with primary focus on data science on personalized auto insurance policies. Metromile also offers cloud-based software as a service that automates claims through its subsidiary.
Initial Public Offering and Follow-on Offering
On July 7, 2020, we completed our initial public offering of common stock (the "IPO"), which resulted in the issuance and sale of 12,650,000 shares of common stock at the IPO price of $29.00, including the exercise of the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares, and generated net proceeds of $335.6 million after deducting underwriting discounts and other offering costs.
On January 14, 2021, we completed a Follow-on Offering of common stock (the "Follow-on Offering"), which resulted in the issuance and sale of 3,300,000 shares of common stock by us and 1,524,314 shares of common stock by certain selling shareholders, and generated net proceeds to us of $525.7 million after deducting underwriting discounts and other offering costs. On February 1, 2021, the underwriters exercised their option to purchase additional shares, which resulted in the issuance and sale of an additional 718,647 shares of common stock by us, and generated additional net proceeds of $114.6 million to us after deducting underwriting discounts.
Factors and Trends Affecting our Operating Results
Our financial condition and results of operations have been, and will continue to be, affected by a number of factors, including the following:
Seasonality
Seasonal patterns can impact both our rate of customer acquisition and the incurrence of claims and losses.
Based on historical experience, existing and potential customers move more frequently in the third quarter, compared to the rest of the calendar year. As a result, we may see greater demand for new or expanded insurance coverage, and increased online engagement resulting in proportionately more growth during the third quarter. We expect that as we grow our customers, expand geographically and launch new products, the impact of seasonal variability on our rate of growth may decrease.
Additionally, seasonal weather patterns impact the level and amount of claims we receive. These patterns include hurricanes, wildfires, and coastal storms in the fall, cold weather patterns and changing home heating needs in the winter, and tornados and hailstorms in the spring and summer. The mix of geographic exposure and products within our customer base impacts our exposure to these weather patterns.

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COVID-19 Impact

In December 2019, COVID-19 was reported to have surfaced in Wuhan, China and was subsequently recognized as a pandemic by the World Health Organization. The global pandemic has severely impacted businesses worldwide, including many in the insurance sector. Insurers of travel, events or business interruption may be directly and adversely affected by claims from COVID-19 or the lock-down it engendered. Other insurers, in lines of business that are not directly impacted by COVID-19, may nevertheless be dependent on office-based brokers, in-person inspections, or teams that are poorly equipped to work from home — all of which can translate into value erosion. Finally, the broader financial crisis may hurt insurers in other ways, too. With interest rates at all-time lows, many insurers may see their return on capital drop; while those selling premium or discretionary products may see an increase in churn and a decrease in demand.

Against this backdrop it is noteworthy that our business has continued to grow, and the key drivers of our business have continued their positive progress, despite the pandemic.
Lemonade writes insurance in lines that have so far been largely unaffected by COVID-19, or indeed, historically, by recession.
Our systems are entirely cloud based and accessible to our teams from any browser anywhere in the world. customers’ phone calls are routed to our team’s laptops, and answered and logged from wherever they happen to be. Internal communication has been via Slack and Zoom since our founding. The upshot is that while we all enjoy each other’s company, our teams are able to access systems, support customers and collaborate with each other from anywhere, much as they did before the pandemic.
Our customers’ experience with Lemonade is likewise largely unaffected by the turmoil, as AI Maya and AI Jim chat with customers, wherever they may be, without triggering concerns about social distancing.
This resilience is reflected in our results. As of September 30, 2021, our in force premium, or IFP, was about 84% higher than it was on September 30, 2020 and 167% higher than it was on September 30, 2019, the comparable pre-pandemic period. For information regarding how we calculate IFP, see "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Key Operating and Financial Metrics — In Force Premium."

While the global economy began to reopen in the first quarter of 2021 and continues to show positive economic growth in the U.S. as the vaccination roll-out has reduced the spread and severity of COVID-19, there remains to be an uncertainty about the duration and ultimate impact of COVID-19, including the length of time needed to vaccinate a significant segment of the global population and effectiveness of the vaccines with respect to the new variants of the virus. Management continues to monitor and cannot definitively determine the ultimate financial impact of COVID-19 and the related economic conditions at this time.

With respect to our investment portfolio which showed a diversified mix in securities beginning the third quarter of 2021, and given the conservative nature of our portfolio and investment in high-quality securities, we do not expect a material adverse impact in the value of our investment portfolio, or long-term negative impact on our financial condition, results of operations or cash flows as it relates to COVID-19.

See “Risk Factors — Risks Relating to our Industry — Severe weather events and other catastrophes, including the effects of climate change and global pandemics, are inherently unpredictable and may have a material adverse effect on our financial results and financial condition.” in the Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Reinsurance

We obtain reinsurance to help manage our exposure to property and casualty insurance risks. Although our reinsurance counterparties are liable to us according to the terms of the reinsurance policies, we remain primarily liable to our policyholders as the direct insurers on all risks reinsured, see "Risk Factors - Risks Relating to Our Business" and "Risks relating to our Industry" in our Annual Report on Form 10-K.
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As a result, reinsurance does not eliminate the obligation of our insurance subsidiaries to pay all claims, and we are subject to the risk that one or more of our reinsurers will be unable or unwilling to honor its obligations, that the reinsurers will not pay in a timely fashion, or that our losses are so large that they exceed the limits inherent in our reinsurance contracts, each of which could have a material effect on our results of operations and financial condition. Furthermore, reinsurance may be unavailable at current levels and prices, which may limit our ability to write new business.
Through June 30, 2021, we had proportional reinsurance covering 75% of our business. Under the proportional reinsurance contracts, which cover all of our products and geographies, we transferred, or “ceded,” 75% of our premium to our reinsurers (“Proportional Reinsurance Contracts”). In exchange, these reinsurers paid us a ceding commission of 25% for every dollar ceded, in addition to funding all of the corresponding claims, or 75% of all our claims. This arrangement mirrors our fixed fee, and hence shields our gross profit margin, from the volatility of claims, while boosting our capital efficiency dramatically. We opted to manage the remaining 25% of our business with alternative forms of reinsurance.
A portion of Lemonade’s proportional reinsurance program expired on June 30, 2021. We renewed the majority of the expiring reinsurance contracts at terms that are very similar to the prior agreements. As the business continued to grow and diversify, and with stability in our insurance results, we decreased the overall share of proportional reinsurance from 75% of premium to 70%. In addition, we purchased a new reinsurance program to protect us against natural catastrophe risk in the U.S. that exceed $60 million in losses. Other non-proportional reinsurance contracts were renewed with terms similar to the expiring contracts.

Components of our Results of Operations
Revenue
Gross Written Premium
Gross written premium is the amount received, or to be received, for insurance policies written by us during a specific period of time without reduction for premiums ceded to reinsurance. The volume of our gross written premium in any given period is generally influenced by new business submissions, binding of new business submissions into policies, renewals of existing policies, and average size and premium rate of bound policies.
Ceded Written Premium
Ceded written premium is the amount of gross written premium ceded to reinsurers. We enter into reinsurance contracts to limit our exposure to potential losses as well as to provide additional capacity for growth. Ceded written premium is earned over the reinsurance contract period in proportion to the period of risk covered. The volume of our ceded written premium is impacted by the level of our gross written premium and any decision we make to increase or decrease in reinsurance limits, retention levels and co-participation. Our ceded written premium can also be impacted significantly in certain periods due to changes in reinsurance agreements. In periods where we start or stop ceding a large volume of our premium, ceded written premium may increase or decrease significantly compared to prior periods and these fluctuations may not be indicative of future trends.
Gross Earned Premium
Gross earned premium represents the earned portion of our gross written premium. Our insurance policies generally have a term of one year and premium is earned pro rata over the term of the policy.
Ceded Earned Premium
Ceded earned premium is the amount of gross earned premium ceded to reinsurers.
Net Earned Premium
Net earned premium represents the earned portion of our gross written premium, less the earned portion that is ceded to third-party reinsurers under our reinsurance agreements. Premium is earned pro rata over the term of the policy, which is generally one year.
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Ceding Commission Income
Ceding commission income is commission we receive based on the premium ceded to third-party reinsurers to reimburse us for acquisition and underwriting expenses. We earn commissions on reinsurance premium ceded in a manner consistent with the recognition of the earned premium on the underlying insurance policies, on a pro-rata basis over the terms of the policies reinsured. The portion of ceding commission income which represents reimbursement of successful acquisition costs related to the underlying policies is recorded as an offset to other insurance expense.
Net Investment Income
Net investment income represents interest earned from fixed maturity securities, short term securities and other investments, and the gains or losses from the sale of investments, net of investment fees paid to the Company's investment manager. Our cash and invested assets are primarily comprised of fixed-maturity securities, and may also include cash and cash equivalents, equity securities and short-term investments. The principal factors that influence net investment income are the size of our investment portfolio and the yield on that portfolio. As measured by amortized cost (which excludes changes in fair value, such as changes in interest rates), the size of our investment portfolio is mainly a function of our invested equity capital along with premium we receive from our customers less payments on customer claims. Over time, we expect that net investment income will represent a more meaningful component of our results of operations.
Commission and Other Income
Commission income consists of commissions earned for policies placed with third-party insurance companies where we have no exposure to the insured risk. Such commission is recognized on the effective date of the associated policy. Other income consists of fees collected from policyholders relating to installment premiums. These fees are recognized at the time each policy installment is billed.
Expense
Loss and Loss Adjustment Expense, Net
Loss and loss adjustment expense ("LAE"), net represent the costs incurred for losses net of amounts ceded to reinsurers. We enter into reinsurance contracts to limit our exposure to potential losses as well as to provide additional capacity for growth. These expenses are a function of the size and term of the insurance policies we write and the loss experience associated with the underlying risks. Loss and LAE are based on an actuarial analysis of the estimated losses, including losses incurred during the period and changes in estimates from prior periods. Loss and LAE may be paid out over a period of years. Certain policies we write are subject to catastrophe losses. Catastrophe losses are losses resulting from events involving claims and policyholders, including earthquakes, hurricanes, floods, storms, terrorist acts or other aggregating events that are designated by internationally recognized organizations, such as Property Claims Services, that track and report on insured losses resulting from catastrophic events.
Other Insurance Expense
Other insurance expense consists primarily of amortization of commissions costs and premium taxes incurred on the successful acquisition of business written on a direct basis, and credit card processing fees not charged to our customers. Other insurance expense also includes employee compensation, including stock-based compensation and benefits, of our underwriting teams as well as allocated occupancy costs and related overhead based on headcount. Other insurance expense is offset by the portion of ceding commission income which represents reimbursement of successful acquisition costs related to the underlying policies.
Sales and Marketing
Sales and marketing includes third-party marketing, advertising, branding, public relations and sales expenses. Sales and marketing also includes associated employee compensation, including stock-based compensation and benefits, as well as allocated occupancy costs and related overhead based on headcount. Sales and marketing costs are expensed as incurred.
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We plan to continue to invest in sales and marketing to attract and acquire new customers and increase our brand awareness. We expect that sales and marketing costs will increase in absolute dollars in future periods and vary from period-to-period as a percentage of revenue in the near-term. We expect that, in the long-term, our sales and marketing costs will decrease as a percentage of revenue as we continue to drive customer acquisition efficiencies and as the proportion of renewals to our total business increases.
Technology Development
Technology development consists of employee compensation, including stock-based compensation and benefits, and expenses related to vendors engaged in product management, design, development and testing of our websites and products. Technology development also includes allocated occupancy costs and related overhead based on headcount. We expense technology development costs as incurred, except for costs that are capitalized related to internal-use software development projects and subsequently depreciated over the expected useful life of the developed software.
We expect product technology development costs, a portion of which will be capitalized, to continue to grow in the foreseeable future as we identify opportunities to invest in the development of new products and internal tools and enhancement of our existing products and technologies that we believe will drive the long-term profitability of the business.
General and Administrative
General and administrative includes employee compensation, including stock-based compensation and benefits for executive, finance, accounting, legal, business operations, and other administrative personnel. In addition, general and administrative includes outside professional services, non-income based taxes, insurance, charitable donations, and allocated occupancy costs and related overhead based on headcount. Depreciation and amortization expense is recorded as a component of general and administrative.
We expect to incur incremental general and administrative costs to support our global operational growth and enhancements to support our reporting and planning functions.
We have incurred and expect to continue to incur significant additional general and administrative expense as a result of operating as a public company, including expenses related to compliance with the rules and regulations of the SEC and the listing standards of the NYSE, additional corporate, director and officer insurance expenses, greater investor relations expenses and increased legal, audit and consulting fees. We also expect to increase the size of our general and administrative function to support our increased compliance requirements and the growth of our business. As a result, we expect that our general and administrative expense will increase in absolute dollars in future periods and vary from period-to-period as a percentage of revenue.
Income Tax Expense
Our provision for income taxes consists primarily of foreign income taxes related to income generated by our subsidiaries organized under the laws of the Netherlands and Israel. As we expand the scale of our international business activities, any changes in the U.S. and foreign taxation of such activities may increase our overall provision for income taxes in the future.
We have a valuation allowance for our U.S. deferred tax assets, including federal and state net operating losses. We expect to maintain this valuation allowance until it becomes more likely than not, that the benefit of our federal and state deferred tax assets will be realized through expected future taxable income in the United States.
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Key Operating and Financial Metrics
We regularly review a number of metrics, including the following key operating and financial metrics, to evaluate our business, measure our performance, identify trends in our business, prepare financial projections and make strategic decisions. We believe these non-GAAP and operational measures are useful in evaluating our performance, in addition to our financial results prepared in accordance with GAAP. See “—Non-GAAP Financial Measures” for additional information on non-GAAP financial measures. and a reconciliation to the most comparable GAAP measures.
The following table sets forth these metrics as of and for the periods presented:
Three Months Ended
September 30,
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
2021 2020 2021 2020
($ in millions, except
Premium per customer)
($ in millions, except
Premium per customer)
Customers (end of period) 1,363,754  941,313  1,363,754  941,313 
In force premium (end of period) $ 346.7  $ 188.9  $ 346.7  $ 188.9 
Premium per customer (end of period) $ 254  $ 201  $ 254  $ 201 
Annual dollar retention (end of period) 82  % 76  % 82  % 76  %
Total revenue $ 35.7  $ 17.8  $ 87.4  $ 73.9 
Gross earned premium $ 79.6  $ 42.9  $ 202.7  $ 108.7 
Gross profit $ 11.7  $ 7.3  $ 23.4  $ 17.3 
Adjusted gross profit $ 15.2  $ 9.3  $ 33.0  $ 21.7 
Net loss $ (66.4) $ (30.9) $ (171.0) $ (88.4)
Adjusted EBITDA $ (51.3) $ (27.6) $ (133.0) $ (68.2)
Gross profit margin 33  % 41  % 27  % 23  %
Adjusted gross profit margin 43  % 52  % 38  % 29  %
Ratio of Adjusted Gross Profit to Gross Earned
   Premium
19  % 22  % 16  % 20  %
Gross loss ratio 77  % 72  % 88  % 71  %
Net loss ratio 81  % 65  % 91  % 70  %
Customers
We define customers as the number of current policyholders underwritten by us or placed by us with third-party insurance partners (who pay us recurring commissions) as of the period end date. A customer that has more than one policy counts as a single customer for the purposes of this metric. We view customers as an important metric to assess our financial performance because customer growth drives our revenue, expands brand awareness, deepens our market penetration, creates additional upsell and cross-sell opportunities and generates additional data to continue to improve the functioning of our platform.
In Force Premium
We define in force premium ("IFP"), as the aggregate annualized premium for customers as of the period end date. At each period end date, we calculate IFP as the sum of:
i)In force written premium — the annualized premium of in force policies underwritten by us; and
ii)In force placed premium — the annualized premium of in force policies placed with third party insurance companies for which we earn a recurring commission payment. In force placed premium currently reflects approximately 2% of IFP.
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The annualized value of premiums is a legal and contractual determination made by assessing the contractual terms with our customers. The annualized value of contracts is not determined by reference to historical revenues, deferred revenues or any other GAAP financial measure over any period. IFP is not a forecast of future revenues nor is it a reliable indicator of revenue expected to be earned in any given period. We believe that our calculation of IFP is useful to analysts and investors because it captures the impact of growth in customers and premium per customer at the end of each reported period, without adjusting for known or projected policy updates, cancellations, rescissions and non-renewals. We use IFP because we believe it gives our management useful insight into the total reach of our platform by showing all in force policies underwritten and placed by us. Other companies, including companies in our industry, may calculate IFP differently or not at all, which reduces the usefulness of IFP as a tool for comparison.
Premium per customer
We define premium per customer as the average annualized premium customers pay for products underwritten by us or placed by us with third-party insurance partners. We calculate premium per customer by dividing IFP by customers. We view premium per customer as an important metric to assess our financial performance because premium per customer reflects the average amount of money our customers spend on our products, which helps drive strategic initiatives.
Annual Dollar Retention
We define Annual Dollar Retention ("ADR"), as the percentage of IFP retained over a twelve month period, inclusive of changes in policy value, changes in number of policies, changes in policy type, and churn. To calculate ADR we first aggregate the IFP from all active customers at the beginning of the period and then aggregate the IFP from those same customers at the end of the period. ADR is then equal to the ratio of ending IFP to beginning IFP. We believe that our calculation of ADR is useful to analysts and investors because it captures our ability to retain customers and sell additional products and coverage to them over time. We view ADR as an important metric to measure our ability to provide a delightful end-to-end customer experience, satisfy our customers’ evolving insurance needs and maintain our customers’ trust in our products. Our customers become more valuable to us every year they continue to subscribe to our products. Other companies, including companies in our industry, may calculate ADR differently or not at all, which reduces the usefulness of ADR as a tool for comparison.
Gross Earned Premium
Gross earned premium is the earned portion of our gross written premium.
We use this operating metric as we believe it gives our management and other users of our financial information useful insight into the gross economic benefit generated by our business operations and allows us to evaluate our underwriting performance without regard to changes in our underlying reinsurance structure. See “— Components of Our Results of Operations — Revenue — Gross Earned Premium.”
Unlike net earned premium, gross earned premium excludes the impact of premiums ceded to reinsurers, and therefore should not be used as a substitute for net earned premium, total revenue, or any other measure presented in accordance with GAAP.
Gross Profit
Gross profit is calculated in accordance with GAAP as total revenue less loss and loss adjustment expense, net, other insurance expense, and depreciation and amortization (allocated to cost of revenue).
Adjusted Gross Profit
We define adjusted gross profit, a non-GAAP financial measure, as:
Gross profit, excluding net investment income, plus
Employee-related costs, plus
Professional fees and other, plus
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Depreciation and amortization (allocated to cost of revenue).
See “— Non-GAAP Financial Measures” for a reconciliation of total revenue to adjusted gross profit.
Adjusted EBITDA
We define adjusted EBITDA, a non-GAAP financial measure, as net loss excluding the impact of interest expense, income tax expense, depreciation, amortization, stock-based compensation, net investment income and other transactions that we consider to be unique in nature. See “— Non-GAAP Financial Measures” for a reconciliation of net loss to adjusted EBITDA in accordance with GAAP.
Gross Profit Margin
We define gross profit margin, expressed as a percentage, as the ratio of gross profit to total revenue.
Adjusted Gross Profit Margin
We define adjusted gross profit margin, a non-GAAP financial measure, expressed as a percentage, as the ratio of adjusted gross profit to total revenue. See “— Non-GAAP Financial Measures.”
Ratio of Adjusted Gross Profit to Gross Earned Premium
We define Ratio of Adjusted Gross Profit to Gross Earned Premium, a non-GAAP financial measure, expressed as a percentage, as the ratio of adjusted gross profit to gross earned premium. Our Ratio of Adjusted Gross Profit to Gross Earned Premium provides management with useful insight into our operating performance. See “— Non-GAAP Financial Measures.”
Gross Loss Ratio
We define gross loss ratio, expressed as a percentage, as the ratio of losses and loss adjustment expense to gross earned premium.
Net Loss Ratio
We define net loss ratio, expressed as a percentage, as the ratio of losses and loss adjustment expense, less amounts ceded to reinsurers, to net earned premium.

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Results of Operations
Comparison of the Three Months Ended September 30, 2021 and 2020
Three Months Ended September 30,
2021 2020 Change % Change
($ in millions)
Revenue
Net earned premium $ 21.5  $ 10.5  $ 11.0  105  %
Ceding commission income 12.3  7.0  5.3  76  %
Net investment income 0.6  0.2  0.4  200  %
Commission and other income 1.3  0.1  1.2  1,200  %
Total revenue 35.7  17.8  17.9  101  %
Expense
Loss and loss adjustment expense, net 17.5  6.7  10.8  161  %
Other insurance expense 6.3  3.5  2.8  80  %
Sales and marketing 42.2  22.2  20.0  90  %
Technology development 14.3  5.3  9.0  170  %
General and administrative 19.6  10.6  9.0  85  %
Total expense 99.9  48.3  51.6  107  %
Loss before income taxes (64.2) (30.5) (33.7) 110  %
Income tax expense 2.2  0.4  1.8  450  %
Net loss $ (66.4) $ (30.9) $ (35.5) 115  %


Net Earned Premium

Net earned premium increased $11.0 million, or 105%, to $21.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2021 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2020 primarily due to the earning of increased gross written premium mostly offset by the earning of increased ceded written premium under our Proportional Reinsurance Contracts as discussed above under "Reinsurance".
Three Months Ended September 30,
2021 2020 Change % Change
($ in millions)
Gross written premium $ 116.8  $ 71.2  $ 45.6  64  %
Ceded written premium (88.0) (118.6) 30.6  (26  %)
Net written premium $ 28.8  $ (47.4) $ 76.2  (161) %
Gross written premium increased $45.6 million, or 64%, to $116.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2021 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2020. The increase was primarily due to a 45% increase in net added customers year over year driven by the success of our digital advertising campaigns. We also continued to expand our geographic footprint and product offerings. We also saw a 26% increase in premium per customer year over year primarily due to the continued shift in the mix of underlying products toward higher value policies.
Ceded written premium decreased $30.6 million, or 26%, to $88.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2021 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2020, primarily due to the impact of the change in reinsurance arrangements. The Company renewed the majority of the reinsurance contracts that expired on June 30, 2021 at terms that are very similar to the prior agreements, and decreased the overall share of proportional reinsurance from 75% of premium to 70%. The Company also purchased a new reinsurance program to protect against natural catastrophe risk in the U.S that exceeds $60 million in losses. Other non-proportional reinsurance contracts were renewed with terms similar to the expiring contracts.
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Net written premium increased $76.2 million, or 161%, to $28.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2021 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2020. The increase was primarily due to the $45.6 million, or 64%, increase in gross written premium offset by the decrease in ceded written premium for the three months ended September 30, 2021, as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2020.

The table below shows the amount of premium we earned on a gross and net basis. Ceded earned premium as a percentage of gross earned premium decreased to 73% for the three months ended September 30, 2021, as compared to 76% for the three months ended September 30, 2020 primarily due to the new Proportional Reinsurance Contracts.

Three Months Ended September 30,
2021 2020 Change % Change
($ in millions)
Gross earned premium $ 79.6  $ 42.9  $ 36.7  86  %
Ceded earned premium (58.1) (32.4) (25.7) 79  %
Net earned premium $ 21.5  $ 10.5  $ 11.0  105  %

Ceding Commission Income
Ceding commission income of $12.3 million was recognized for the three months ended September 30, 2021 based on earned premium ceded related to the proportional reinsurance agreements with third-party reinsurers during the period.
Net Investment Income
Net investment income amounted to $0.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2021 and $0.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020, respectively. We mainly invest in cash, money market funds, U.S. Treasury bills, corporate debt securities, notes and other obligations issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Government, and net investment income for the period is primarily driven by interest rates on investment balances, and offset by investment expenses of $0.1 million.
Commission and Other Income
Commission and other income of $1.3 million was recognized for the three months ended September 30, 2021 based on premium placed with third-party insurance companies during the period and installment fees billed.
Loss and Loss Adjustment Expense, Net
Loss and LAE, net increased $10.8 million, or 161%, to $17.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2021 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2020. The increase was primarily driven by the change in reinsurance structure beginning July 2021.
Other Insurance Expense
Other insurance expense increased $2.8 million, or 80%, to $6.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2021 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2020. The increase was primarily due to employee-related expense, including stock-based compensation, which increased by $1.3 million, or 118%, as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2020, driven by an increase in underwriting staff to support our continued growth. Credit card processing fees increased $0.6 million, or 50%, as a result of the increase in customers and associated premium. Professional fees and other increased $0.6 million, or 67%, primarily in support of growth and expansion initiatives for new products. Amortization of deferred acquisitions costs, net of ceding commissions increased $0.3 million, or 100%.
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Sales and Marketing
Sales and marketing expense increased $20.0 million, or 90%, to $42.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2021 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2020. Expense related to brand and performance advertising, the largest component of our sales and marketing expenses, increased by $16.8 million, or 108%, for the three months ended September 30, 2021 as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2020, as a result of greater spending on search advertising and other customer acquisition channels in response to new product offerings. Employee-related expense, including stock-based compensation, increased by $2.7 million, or 60%, as compared to the prior year period, driven by an increase in sales and marketing headcount to support our continued growth and expansion.
Technology Development
Technology development expense increased $9.0 million, or 170%, to $14.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2021 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2020. Employee-related expense, including stock-based compensation, and net of capitalized costs for the development of internal-use software, increased $7.7 million, or 179%, as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2020, driven by an increase in payroll expense for product, engineering, design and quality assurance personnel to support our continued growth and product development initiatives, including automation, improvement in machine learning and geographic expansion. Technology tools and software expense increased by $0.3 million, or 50%.
General and Administrative
General and administrative expense increased $9.0 million, or 85%, to $19.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2021 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2020. Employee-related expense, including stock-based compensation, increased by $6.4 million, or 200%, as we increased finance, legal, business operations and administrative personnel. Donations made through the annual Lemonade Giveback increased by $1.2 million, or 109%, as compared to the prior year period. The annual Lemonade Giveback takes the remaining unclaimed amount after the flat fee and claims paid, and is donated to nonprofit organizations chosen by customers. Bad debt expense increased by $0.9 million, or 150%, and depreciation expense increased $0.3 million or 60%. Legal, accounting and other professional fees increased $0.2 million, or 15%, to support the compliance requirements necessary to operate as a public company. Software costs increased $0.3 million, or 100%.
Income Tax Expense
Income tax expense increased $1.8 million, or 450%, to $2.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2021 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2020 due to increased tax liability related to income generated by our subsidiaries organized under the laws of the Netherlands and Israel.
Net Loss
Net loss increased $35.5 million, or 115%, to $66.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2021 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2020 due to the factors described above.
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Comparison of the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021 and 2020
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
2021 2020 Change % Change
($ in millions)
Revenue
Net earned premium $ 51.6  $ 65.0  $ (13.4) (21) %
Ceding commission income 31.9  7.4  24.5  331  %
Net investment income 1.0  1.3  (0.3) (23) %
Commission and other income 2.9  0.2  2.7  1,350  %
Total revenue 87.4  73.9  13.5  18  %
Expense
Loss and loss adjustment expense, net 47.0  45.4  1.6  %
Other insurance expense 16.3  10.8  5.5  51  %
Sales and marketing 104.4  57.5  46.9  82  %
Technology development 35.4  13.0  22.4  172  %
General and administrative 49.5  34.6  14.9  43  %
Total expense 252.6  161.3  91.3  57  %
Loss before income taxes (165.2) (87.4) (77.8) 89  %
Income tax expense 5.8  1.0  4.8  480  %
Net loss $ (171.0) $ (88.4) $ (82.6) 93  %
Net Earned Premium
Net earned premium decreased $13.4 million, or 21%, to $51.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2020 primarily due to the earning of increased gross written premium, offset by the earning of increased ceded written premium under our Proportional Reinsurance Contracts as discussed in detail above under "Reinsurance".
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
2021 2020 Change % Change
($ in millions)
Gross written premium $ 282.1  $ 156.0  $ 126.1  81  %
Ceded written premium (210.1) (128.9) (81.2) 63  %
Net written premium $ 72.0  $ 27.1  $ 44.9  166  %
Gross written premium increased $126.1 million, or 81%, to $282.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2020. The increase was primarily due to a 45% increase in net added customers year over year driven by the success of our digital advertising campaigns. We also continued to expand our geographic footprint and product offerings. We also saw a 26% increase in premium per customer year over year due to the continued shift in the mix of underlying products toward higher value policies.
Ceded written premium increased $81.2 million, or 63%, to $210.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2020. A portion of the Company’s proportional reinsurance program expired on June 30, 2021. The Company renewed the majority of the reinsurance contracts that expired on June 30, 2021 at terms that are very similar to the prior agreements, and decreased the overall share of proportional reinsurance from 75% of premium to 70%. The Company also purchased a new reinsurance program to protect against natural catastrophe risk in the U.S. Other non-proportional reinsurance contracts were renewed with terms similar to the expiring contracts.

Net written premium increased $44.9 million, or 166%, to $72.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2020. The increase was primarily due to the $126.1 million, or 81%, increase in gross written premium offset by the increase in ceded written premium for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2020.
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The table below shows the amount of premium we earned on a gross and net basis. Ceded earned premium as a percentage of gross earned premium increased to 75% for the nine months ended September 30, 2021, as compared to 40% for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 primarily due to the new Proportional Reinsurance Contracts.

Nine Months Ended
September 30,
2021 2020 Change % Change
($ in millions)
Gross earned premium $ 202.7  $ 108.7  $ 94.0  86  %
Ceded earned premium (151.1) (43.7) $ (107.4) 246  %
Net earned premium $ 51.6  $ 65.0  $ (13.4) (21) %

Ceding Commission Income
Ceding commission income of $31.9 million was recognized for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 based on earned premium ceded related to the proportional reinsurance agreements to third-party reinsurers during the period.
Net Investment Income
Net investment income decreased $0.3 million, or 23%, to $1.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2020. This decrease was primarily driven by lower interest rates on investment balances due to federal fund rate cuts since the prior year period. We mainly invest in cash, money market funds, U.S. Treasury bills, corporate debt securities, notes and other obligations issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Government, and offset by investment expenses of $0.1 million.
Commission and Other Income
Commission and other income of $2.9 million was recognized for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 based on premium placed with third-party insurance companies during the period and installment fees billed.
Loss and Loss Adjustment Expense, Net
Loss and LAE, net increased $1.6 million, or 4%, to $47.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2020. The increase was primarily driven by the change in reinsurance structure beginning July 1, 2020, and an increase in premium volume. The increase was partially offset by net incurred losses of $6.9 million relating to Winter Storm Uri that affected our customers in the states of Texas and Oklahoma.
Other Insurance Expense
Other insurance expense increased $5.5 million, or 51%, to $16.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2020. The increase was primarily due to a $1.7 million, or 55%, increase in credit card processing fees as a result of the increase in customers and associated premiums. Employee-related expense, including stock-based compensation, increased by $2.9 million, or 100%, as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2020, driven by an increase in underwriting staff to support our continued growth. Professional fees and other increased $1.7 million, or 71%, primarily in support of growth and expansion initiatives. These increases were offset by $0.7 million, or 30%, decrease in amortization of deferred acquisition costs, net of ceded commissions.
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Sales and Marketing
Sales and marketing expense increased $46.9 million, or 82%, to $104.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2020. Expense related to brand and performance advertising, the largest component of our sales and marketing expenses, increased by $37.3 million, or 91%, for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2020, as a result of greater spending on search advertising and other customer acquisition channels in response to new product offerings. Employee-related expense, including stock-based compensation, increased by $8.6 million, or 76%, as compared to the prior year period, driven by an increase in sales and marketing headcount to support our continued growth and expansion.
Technology Development
Technology development expense increased $22.4 million, or 172%, to $35.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2020. Employee-related expense, including stock-based compensation, net of capitalized costs for the development of internal-use software, increased $20.2 million, or 189%, as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2020, driven by an increase in payroll expense for product, engineering, design and quality assurance personnel to support our continued growth and product development initiatives, including automation, improvement in machine learning and geographic expansion. Technology tools and software expense increased by $1.3 million, or 100%.
General and Administrative
General and administrative expense increased $14.9 million, or 43%, to $49.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2020. After taking into account the impact of the $12.2 million non-cash expense recognized during the nine months ended September 30, 2020 in connection with the contribution to the Lemonade Foundation of 500,000 shares of common stock with a fair market value of $24.36 per share, general and administrative expense increased $27.1 million, or 78%, during the nine months ended September 30, 2021 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2020. Employee-related expense, including stock-based compensation, increased by $15.2 million, or 173%, as we increased finance, legal, business operations and administrative personnel. Insurance obtained for operating as a public company increased by $4.6 million, or 170%. Bad debt expense increased by $2.4 million, or 171%, and depreciation expense increased by $1.4 million, or 127%. Donations made through the annual Lemonade Giveback increased by $1.2 million, or 109%. The annual Lemonade Giveback takes the remaining unclaimed amount after the flat fee and claims paid, and is donated to nonprofit organizations chosen by customers. Software costs increased by $1.1 million, or 183%.
Income Tax Expense
Income tax expense increased $4.8 million, or 480%, to $5.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2020 due to increased tax liability related to income generated by our subsidiaries organized under the laws of the Netherlands and Israel.
Net Loss
Net loss increased $82.6 million, or 93%, to $171.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2020 due to the factors described above.
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Non-GAAP Financial Measures

The non-GAAP financial measures below have not been calculated in accordance with GAAP and should be considered in addition to results prepared in accordance with GAAP and should not be considered as a substitute for, or superior to, GAAP results. In addition, adjusted gross profit and adjusted gross profit margin, Ratio of Adjusted Gross Profit to Gross Earned Premium, and adjusted EBITDA should not be construed as indicators of our operating performance, liquidity or cash flows generated by operating, investing and financing activities, as there may be significant factors or trends that they fail to address. We caution investors that non-GAAP financial information, by its nature, departs from traditional accounting conventions. Therefore, its use can make it difficult to compare our current results with our results from other reporting periods and with the results of other companies.
Our management uses these non-GAAP financial measures, in conjunction with GAAP financial measures, as an integral part of managing our business and to, among other things: (i) monitor and evaluate the performance of our business operations and financial performance; (ii) facilitate internal comparisons of the historical operating performance of our business operations; (iii) facilitate external comparisons of the results of our overall business to the historical operating performance of other companies that may have different capital structures and debt levels; (iv) review and assess the operating performance of our management team; (v) analyze and evaluate financial and strategic planning decisions regarding future operating investments; and (vi) plan for and prepare future annual operating budgets and determine appropriate levels of operating investments.
Adjusted Gross Profit and Adjusted Gross Profit Margin
We define adjusted gross profit, a non-GAAP financial measure, as gross profit excluding net investment income plus fixed cost and overhead associated with our underwriting operations including employee-related expense and professional fees and other, and depreciation and amortization allocated to cost of revenue. After these adjustments, the resulting calculation is inclusive of only those variable costs of revenue incurred on the successful acquisition of business and without the volatility of investment income. We use adjusted gross profit as a key measure of our progress towards profitability and to consistently evaluate the variable contribution to our business from underwriting operations from period to period.
We define adjusted gross profit margin, a non-GAAP financial measure, expressed as a percentage, as the ratio of adjusted gross profit to total revenue.
The following table provides a reconciliation of total revenue to adjusted gross profit and the related adjusted gross profit margin for the periods presented:
Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended
September 30,
2021 2020 2021 2020
($ in millions)
Total revenue $ 35.7  $ 17.8  $ 87.4  $ 73.9 
Adjustments:
Loss and loss adjustment expense, net $ (17.5) $ (6.7) $ (47.0) $ (45.4)
Other insurance expense (6.3) (3.5) (16.3) (10.8)
Depreciation and amortization (0.2) (0.3) (0.7) (0.4)
Gross profit $ 11.7  $ 7.3  $ 23.4  $ 17.3 
Gross profit margin (% of total revenue) 33  % 41  % 27  % 23  %
Adjustments:
Net investment income $ (0.6) $ (0.2) $ (1.0) $ (1.3)
Employee-related expense 2.4  1.1  5.8  2.9 
Professional fees and other 1.5  0.8  4.1  2.4 
Depreciation and amortization 0.2  0.3  0.7  0.4 
Adjusted gross profit $ 15.2  $ 9.3  $ 33.0  $ 21.7 
Adjusted gross profit margin (% of total revenue) 43  % 52  % 38  % 29  %
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Ratio of Adjusted Gross Profit to Gross Earned Premium
The Ratio of Adjusted Gross Profit to Gross Earned Premium measures the relationship between the underlying business volume and gross economic benefit generated by our underwriting operations, on the one hand, and our underlying profitability trends, on the other. We rely on this measure, which supplements our gross profit ratio as calculated in accordance with GAAP, because it provides management with insight into our underlying profitability trends over time.

We use gross earned premium as the denominator in calculating this ratio, which excludes the impact of premiums ceded to reinsurers, because we believe that it reflects the business volume and the gross economic benefit generated by our underlying underwriting operations, which in turn are the key drivers of our future profit opportunities. We exclude the impact of ceded premiums from the denominator because ceded premiums can change rapidly and significantly based on the type and mix of reinsurance structures we use and, therefore, add volatility that is not indicative of our underlying profitability. For example, a shift to a proportional reinsurance arrangement would result in an increase in ceded premium, with offsetting benefits to gross profit from ceded losses and ceding commissions earned, resulting in a nominal overall economic impact. This shift would result in a steep decline in total revenue with a corresponding spike in gross margin, whereas we expect that the Ratio of Adjusted Gross Profit to Gross Earned Premium would remain relatively unchanged. We expect our reinsurance structure to evolve along with our costs and capital requirements, and we believe that our reinsurance structure at a given time does not reflect the performance of our underlying underwriting operations, which we expect to be the key driver of our costs of reinsurance over time.
On the other hand, the numerator, which is adjusted gross profit, includes the net impact of all reinsurance, including ceded premiums and the benefits of ceded losses and ceding commissions earned. Because our reinsurance structure is a key component of our risk management and a key driver of our profitability or loss in a given period, we believe this is meaningful.
Therefore, by providing this Ratio of Adjusted Gross Profit to Gross Earned Premium for a given period, we are able to assess the relationship between business volume and profitability, while eliminating the volatility from the cost of our then-current reinsurance structure, which is driven primarily by the performance of our insurance underwriting platform rather than our business volume.
The following table sets forth our calculation of the Ratio of Adjusted Gross Profit to Gross Earned Premium for the periods presented:
Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended
September 30,
2021 2020 2021 2020
($ in millions)
Numerator: Adjusted gross profit $ 15.2  $ 9.3  $ 33.0  $ 21.7 
Denominator: Gross earned premium $ 79.6  $ 42.9  $ 202.7  $ 108.7 
Ratio of Adjusted Gross Profit to Gross Earned Premium 19  % 22  % 16  % 20  %


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Adjusted EBITDA
We define adjusted EBITDA, a non-GAAP financial measure, as net loss excluding interest expense, income tax expense, depreciation, amortization, stock-based compensation, net investment income, and other transactions that we would consider to be unique in nature. We exclude these items from adjusted EBITDA because we do not consider them to be directly attributable to our underlying operating performance. We use adjusted EBITDA as an internal performance measure in the management of our operations because we believe it gives our management and other customers of our financial information useful insight into our results of operations and our underlying business performance. Adjusted EBITDA should not be viewed as a substitute for net loss calculated in accordance with GAAP, and other companies may define adjusted EBITDA differently.
The following table provides a reconciliation of adjusted EBITDA to net loss for the periods presented:
Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended
September 30,
2021 2020 2021 2020
($ in millions)
Net loss $ (66.4) $ (30.9) $ (171.0) $ (88.4)
Adjustments:
Income tax expense $ 2.2  $ 0.4  $ 5.8  $ 1.0 
Depreciation and amortization 0.8  0.4  2.5  1.1 
Stock-based compensation 12.7  2.7  30.7  7.3 
Contribution to the Lemonade Foundation —  —  —  12.2 
Interest income —  —  —  (0.1)
Net investment income (0.6) (0.2) (1.0) (1.3)
Adjusted EBITDA $ (51.3) $ (27.6) $ (133.0) $ (68.2)

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Liquidity and Capital Resources
As of September 30, 2021, we had $319.4 million in cash and cash equivalents and $805.1 million in investments. From the date we commenced operations, we have generated negative cash flows from operations, and we have financed our operations primarily through private and public sales of equity securities. On January 14, 2021, we issued and sold 3,300,000 shares of common stock, and generated net proceeds to us of $525.7 million after deducting underwriting discounts and other offering costs. On February 1, 2021, the underwriters exercised their option to purchase additional shares, which resulted in the issuance and sale of an additional 718,647 shares of common stock by us, and generated additional net proceeds of $114.6 million. Excluding capital raises, our principal sources of funds are insurance premiums, investment income, reinsurance recoveries and proceeds from the maturity and sale of invested assets. These funds are primarily used to pay claims, operating expenses and taxes. We believe our existing cash and cash equivalents as of September 30, 2021 will be sufficient to meet our working capital and capital expenditures needs over at least the next 12 months.
Our cash flows used in operations may differ substantially from our net loss due to non-cash charges or due to changes in balance sheet accounts.
The timing of our cash flows from operating activities can also vary among periods due to the timing of payments made or received. Some of our payments and receipts, including loss settlements and subsequent reinsurance receipts, can be significant. Therefore, their timing can influence cash flows from operating activities in any given period. The potential for a large claim under an insurance or reinsurance contract means that our insurance subsidiaries may need to make substantial payments within relatively short periods of time, which would have a negative impact on our operating cash flows.
We are a holding company that transacts a majority of our business through operating subsidiaries. Consequently, our ability to pay dividends to stockholders, meet debt payment obligations and pay taxes and operating expenses is largely dependent on dividends or other distributions from our subsidiaries and affiliates, whose ability to pay us is highly regulated.
Our U.S. and Dutch insurance company subsidiaries, and our Dutch insurance holding company, are restricted by statute as to the amount of dividends that they may pay without the prior approval of their respective competent regulatory authorities. As of September 30, 2021, cash and short-term investments held by these companies was $182.4 million.
Insurance companies in the United States are also required by state law to maintain a minimum level of policyholder’s surplus. Insurance regulators in the states in which we operate have a risk-based capital standard designed to identify property and casualty insurers that may be inadequately capitalized based on inherent risks of the insurer’s assets and liabilities and its mix of net written premium. Insurers falling below a calculated threshold may be subject to varying degrees of regulatory action. As of September 30, 2021, the total adjusted capital of our U.S. insurance subsidiary was in excess of its respective prescribed risk-based capital requirements.
The following table summarizes our cash flow data for the periods presented:
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
2021 2020
($ in millions)
Net cash used in operating activities $ (94.7) $ (71.0)
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities $ (807.1) $ 36.3 
Net cash provided by financing activities $ 649.0  $ 339.6 

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Operating Activities
Cash used in operating activities was $94.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021, an increase of $23.7 million from $71.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020. This reflected the $82.6 million increase in our net loss, primarily offset by increases in unearned premium, funds held, and unpaid loss and loss adjustment expense that exceeded the increases in prepaid reinsurance premium, premiums receivable and amounts expected to be recovered from our reinsurance partners. The increase in cash used in operating activities from nine months ended September 30, 2021 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2020 was primarily due to claim payments, settlements with our reinsurance partners, and increased spend related to growth and expansion.
Cash used in operating activities was $71.0 million for nine months ended September 30, 2020. This resulted from our net loss of $88.4 million, partially offset by non-cash charges and net cash provided by changes in our operating assets and liabilities. Non-cash charges primarily consisted of non-cash stock-based compensation. Net cash provided by changes in operating assets and liabilities primarily consisted of increases in unearned premiums, unpaid loss and loss adjustment expense and accrued and other liabilities partially offset by increases in premiums receivables and amounts expected to be recovered from our reinsurance partners.
Investing Activities
Cash used in investing activities was $807.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 primarily due to purchases of U.S. government obligations, corporate debt securities, short term investments and purchases in property and equipment during the period.
Cash provided by investing activities was $36.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 primarily due to proceeds from the sale or maturity of short term investments, offset by purchases of short-term investments, and purchases of property and equipment.
Financing Activities
Cash provided by financing activities was $649.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 primarily due to proceeds received from our Follow-on Offering as discussed above and proceeds from stock exercises.
Cash provided by financing activities was $339.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 primarily due to proceeds from the IPO.
We do not have any current plans for material capital expenditures other than current operating requirements. We believe that we will generate sufficient cash flows from operations to satisfy our liquidity requirements for at least the next 12 months. To the extent our future operating cash flows are insufficient to cover our net losses from catastrophic events, we had $1,124.7 million in cash and investment securities available at September 30, 2021, including $640.3 million in net proceeds from our Follow-on Offering. We also have the ability to access additional capital through pursuing third-party borrowings, sales of our equity, issuance of debt securities or entrance into new reinsurance arrangements.

Contractual Obligations and Commitments
There have been no material changes to our contractual obligations from those described in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
We do not have any off-balance sheet arrangements, as defined by applicable regulations of the SEC, that are reasonably likely to have a current or future material effect on our financial condition, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources.

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Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
Our financial statements are prepared in accordance with GAAP in the United States. The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires our management to make a number of estimates and assumptions relating to the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the period. We evaluate our significant estimates on an ongoing basis, including, but not limited to, estimates related to unpaid loss and loss adjustment expense, reinsurance assets, stock-based compensation prior to the Company's IPO, income tax assets and liabilities, including recoverability of our net deferred tax asset, income tax provisions and certain non-income tax accruals. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying value of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Our critical accounting policies are described under the heading “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020 and the notes to the unaudited interim condensed financial statements appearing elsewhere in this Quarterly Report. During the nine months ended September 30, 2021, there were no material changes to our critical accounting policies from those discussed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020.

Recently Issued and Adopted Accounting Pronouncements
See “Note 4 — Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” in the Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in this Quarterly Report for a discussion of accounting pronouncements recently adopted and recently issued accounting pronouncements not yet adopted and their potential impact to our financial statements.

Election Under the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012
The Company currently qualifies as an “emerging growth company” under the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012, or the JOBS Act. Accordingly, the Company is provided the option to adopt new or revised accounting guidance either (i) within the same periods as those otherwise applicable to non-emerging growth companies or (ii) within the same time periods as private companies.
The Company has elected to adopt new or revised accounting guidance within the same time period as private companies, unless management determines it is preferable to take advantage of early adoption provisions offered within the applicable guidance. Our utilization of these transition periods may make it difficult to compare our financial statements to those of non-emerging growth companies and other emerging growth companies that have opted out of the transition periods afforded under the JOBS Act.
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Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.
Market risk is the risk of economic losses due to adverse changes in the estimated fair value of a financial instrument as the result of changes in equity prices, interest rates, foreign currency exchange rates and commodity prices. Our consolidated balance sheets include assets and liabilities with estimated fair values that are subject to market risk, and the primary components of market risk affecting the Company are interest rate risk and credit risk on investments in fixed maturities. The Company does not have equity price risk or exposure to commodity risk. There were no invested assets denominated in foreign currencies.
Overview
The Company’s investment portfolio is primarily fixed income securities issued by the U.S. government and government agencies with relatively short durations. The investment portfolio is managed in accordance with the investment policies and guidelines approved by the board of directors. The Company’s investment policy and objectives provide a balance between current yield, conservation of capital, and liquidity requirements of the Company’s operations setting guidelines that provide for a well-diversified investment portfolio that is compliant with insurance regulations applicable to the states in which we operate. The policy, which may change from time to time, and is approved by the board of directors and reviewed on a regular basis in order to ensure that the policy evolves in response to changes in the financial markets.
Interest Rate Risk
Interest rate risk is the risk that the Company will incur a loss due to adverse changes in interest rates relative to the interest rate characteristics of interest bearing assets and liabilities. As market interest rates decrease, the value of the portfolio increases and vice versa. A common measure of the interest sensitivity of fixed maturity assets is modified duration, a calculation that utilizes maturity, coupon rate, yield and call terms to calculate an average age to receive the present value of all the cash flows generated by such assets, including reinvestment of interest. The longer the duration, the more sensitive the asset is to market interest rate fluctuations. We manage this interest rate risk by investing in securities with relatively short durations. In addition, if a 10% change in interest rates were to have immediately occurred on September 30, 2021, this change would not have a material effect on the fair value of our investments as of that date.
Credit Risk
We are also exposed to credit risk on our investment portfolio. Credit risk results from uncertainty in a counterparty’s ability to meet its obligations. We monitor our investment portfolio to ensure that credit risk does not exceed prudent levels. The majority of our investment portfolio is invested in high credit quality, investment grade fixed maturity securities. As of September 30, 2021, none of our fixed maturity portfolio was unrated or rated below investment grade.
Inflation Risk
Inflationary factors such as increases in overhead costs may adversely affect our operating results. Although we do not believe that inflation has had a material impact on our financial position or results of operations to date, a high rate of inflation in the future may have an adverse effect on our ability to maintain current levels of operating expenses as a percentage of revenue, if the selling prices of our products do not increase with these increased costs.

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Item 4. Controls and Procedures.
Limitations on Effectiveness of Controls and Procedures
In designing and evaluating our disclosure controls and procedures, management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives. In addition, the design of disclosure controls and procedures must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints and that management is required to apply judgment in evaluating the benefits of possible controls and procedures relative to their costs.
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Our management, with the participation of our co-principal executive officers and principal financial officer, evaluated, as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act). Based on that evaluation, our co-principal executive officers and principal financial officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective at the reasonable assurance level as of September 30, 2021.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting identified in management’s evaluation pursuant to Rules 13a-15(d) or 15d-15(d) of the Exchange Act during the quarter ended September 30, 2021 that materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
46


PART II—OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings.
We are not subject to any material legal proceedings.
Item 1A. Risk Factors.
The Company's business, results of operations, and financial condition are subject to various risks described in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020. There have been no material changes to the risk factors identified in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020, except for the risk below related to certain of our operations in Israel.

We conduct certain of our operations in Israel and therefore our results may be adversely affected by political, economic and military instability in Israel and the region.

We maintain offices in Israel and some of our officers, employees and directors are residents of Israel. Accordingly, political, economic and military conditions in Israel and the surrounding region may directly affect our Israeli operations. In recent years, Israel has been involved in sporadic armed conflicts with Hamas, an Islamist terrorist group that controls the Gaza Strip, with Hezbollah, an Islamist terrorist group that controls large portions of Southern Lebanon, and with Iranian-backed military forces in Syria. Some of these hostilities were accompanied by missile strikes from the Gaza Strip against civilian targets in various parts of Israel, including areas in which our officers, employees and directors are located, and negatively affected conditions in Israel. The tension between Israel and Iran and/or these groups may escalate in the future and turn even more violent, which could materially adversely affect conditions in Israel in general and our operations in particular.

Furthermore, many Israeli citizens are obligated to perform several days, and in some cases more, of annual military reserve duty each year until they reach the age of 40 (or older, for reservists who are military officers or who have certain occupations) and, in the event of a military conflict, may be called to active duty. In response to increases in terrorist activity, there have been periods of significant call-ups of military reservists. It is possible that there will be military reserve duty call-ups in the future. Our operations could be disrupted by such call-ups, which may include the call-up of our officers and employees. Such disruption could materially adversely affect our business, prospects, financial condition and results of operations.
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.
Use of Proceeds
On July 1, 2020, the SEC declared effective our registration statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-239007), as amended, filed in connection with our initial public offering, or Registration Statement.
The net proceeds of approximately $335.6 million from our initial public offering have been invested in investment grade, interest-bearing instruments. There has been no material change in the expected use of the net proceeds from our initial public offering as described in our final prospectus, dated July 1, 2020, filed with the SEC pursuant to Rule 424(b) relating to our Registration Statement.
47


Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities.
None.
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures.
Not applicable.
Item 5. Other Information.

None.



48


Item 6. Exhibits.
Exhibit
Number
Description Incorporated by Reference
Form File No. Exhibit Filing Date
2.1
3.1
8-K 001-39367 3.1 7/10/2020
3.2
8-K 001-39367 3.2 7/10/2020
4.1
S-1/A 333-239007 4.1 6/23/2020
10-Q 001-39367 10.1 8/11/2021
101.INS* Inline XBRL Instance Document
101.SCH* Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL* Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEF* Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
101.LAB* Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.PRE* Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
104* Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)
____________
*    Filed herewith.
**    Furnished herewith.

49


SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
Lemonade, Inc.
Date: November 9, 2021 By: /s/ Daniel Schreiber
Daniel Schreiber
Co-Chief Executive Officer
Date: November 9, 2021 By: /s/ Shai Wininger
Shai Wininger
Co-Chief Executive Officer
Date: November 9, 2021 By: /s/ Tim Bixby
Tim Bixby
Chief Financial Officer
50
EXECUTION VERSION

AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER
by and among
LEMONADE, INC.,
a Delaware corporation;
CITRUS MERGER SUB A, INC.,
a Delaware corporation;
CITRUS MERGER SUB B, LLC,
a Delaware limited liability company;
and
METROMILE, INC.,
a Delaware corporation
________________________
Dated as of November 8, 2021
________________________


|US-DOCS\127176889.14||

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
Section 1.    THE MERGERS
2
1.1    The Mergers
2
1.2    Closing
2
1.3    Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws
3
1.4    Directors and Officers
4
1.5    Conversion of Securities
4
1.6    Certain Adjustments
5
1.7    Treatment of Equity Awards; Company Warrants; Additional Shares
5
1.8    No Fractional Shares
8
1.9    Closing of Transfer Books
8
1.10    Exchange of Certificates and Cancellation of Book-Entry Positions
9
1.11    Further Action
12
1.12    Tax Withholding
12
1.13    No Appraisal Rights
12
Section 2.    REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF The company
12
2.1    Due Organization and Good Standing; Subsidiaries
12
2.2    Organizational Documents
13
2.3    Capitalization
13
2.4    Authority; Binding Nature of Agreement
15
2.5    Vote Required
16
2.6    Non-Contravention; Consents
16
2.7    Reports; Financial Statements; Internal Controls
16
2.8    Absence of Certain Changes
19
2.9    Intellectual Property and Related Matters
19
2.10    Title to Assets; Real Property
24
2.11    Contracts
24
2.12    Compliance with Legal Requirements
27
2.13    Legal Proceedings; Investigations; Orders
28
2.14    Certain Business Practices
29
2.15    Tax Matters
29
2.16    Employee Benefit Plans
32
2.17    Labor Matters
33
2.18    Environmental Matters
35
2.19    Insurance Coverage
35
2.20    Takeover Statutes
36
2.21    Ownership of Parent Common Stock
36
2.22    Opinion of Financial Advisor
36
2.23    Brokers
36
2.24    Company Insurance Subsidiaries
36
2.25    Statutory Statements
36
2.26    Reinsurance
37



2.27    Insurance Business
37
2.28    Insurance Producers
38
2.29    Information Supplied
39
Section 3.    REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF PARENT AND the ACQUISITION SUBs
39
3.1    Due Organization and Good Standing; Subsidiaries.
39
3.2    Organizational Documents
40
3.3    Capitalization
40
3.4    Authority; Binding Nature of Agreement
41
3.5    Non-Contravention; Consents
43
3.6    Reports; Financial Statements; Internal Controls
43
3.7    Absence of Certain Changes
46
3.8    Compliance with Legal Requirements
46
3.9    Legal Proceedings; Investigations; Orders
46
3.10    Takeover Statutes
46
3.11    Ownership of Company Common Stock
47
3.12    Tax Matters
47
3.13    Brokers
49
3.14    Information Supplied
49
3.15    Acquisition Subs
49
Section 4.    COVENANTS
49
4.1    Interim Operations.
49
4.2    Company No Solicitation
55
4.3    Registration Statement; Proxy Statement/Prospectus
57
4.4    Meeting of the Company’s Stockholders; Company Change in Recommendation
59
4.5    Filings; Other Action
63
4.6    Access
66
4.7    Publicity
67
4.8    Company ESPP
67
4.9    Certain Tax Matters
67
4.10    Indemnification; Directors’ and Officers’ Insurance
68
4.11    Employee Matters.
70
4.12    Stockholder Litigation
71
4.13    Stock Exchange Listing and Delisting
71
4.14    Section 16 Matters
71
4.15    Director Resignations
71
4.16    Takeover Statutes
71
4.17    Termination of Certain Agreements
72
Section 5.    CONDITIONS TO EACH PARTY’S OBLIGATION TO EFFECT THE MERGER
72
5.1    Conditions Precedent to Each Party’s Obligations
72
ii



5.2    Additional Conditions Precedent to Parent’s Obligations
72
5.3    Additional Conditions Precedent to the Company’s Obligations
74
5.4    Frustration of Closing Conditions
75
Section 6.    TERMINATION
75
6.1    Termination
75
6.2    Effect of Termination
76
6.3    Termination Fees
77
Section 7.    MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS
78
7.1    Amendment
78
7.2    Waiver
78
7.3    No Survival of Representations and Warranties
78
7.4    Entire Agreement; Non-Reliance; Third-Party Beneficiaries
78
7.5    Applicable Law; Jurisdiction
80
7.6    Payment of Expenses
80
7.7    Assignability; Parties in Interest
80
7.8    Notices
81
7.9    Severability
82
7.10    Counterparts
82
7.11    Specific Performance
82
7.12    Disclosure Schedules
83
7.13    Construction
83


Exhibits
Exhibit A    Certain Definitions
Exhibit B    Form of Certificate of Formation of the Surviving Company
Exhibit C    Form of Limited Liability Company Agreement of the Surviving Company
Exhibit D    Voting and Support Agreement

iii



AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER
THIS AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER (this “Agreement”) is made and entered into as of November 8, 2021, by and among Lemonade, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“Parent”); Citrus Merger Sub A, Inc., a Delaware corporation and a direct, wholly owned Subsidiary of Parent (“Acquisition Sub I”); Citrus Merger Sub B, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company and a direct, wholly owned Subsidiary of Parent (“Acquisition Sub II,” and together with Acquisition Sub I, the “Acquisition Subs”); and Metromile, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”). Certain capitalized terms used in this Agreement are defined in Exhibit A.
RECITALS
A.    The parties intend to enter into an integrated transaction pursuant to which, first, Acquisition Sub I will be merged with and into the Company (the “First Merger”) in accordance with this Agreement and the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware (the “DGCL”), and second, the Company, as the surviving corporation in the First Merger, will be merged with and into Acquisition Sub II (the “Second Merger,” and together with the First Merger, the “Mergers”) in accordance with this Agreement, the DGCL and the Delaware Limited Liability Company Act (the “DLLCA”), with Acquisition Sub II as the surviving limited liability company. Upon consummation of the First Merger, Acquisition Sub I will cease to exist and the Company will continue as the Initial Surviving Corporation and a wholly owned Subsidiary of Parent. Upon consummation of the Second Merger, the Company will cease to exist and Acquisition Sub II will continue as the Surviving Company and a wholly owned Subsidiary of Parent.
B.    The Company Board has unanimously (i) determined that the Mergers are fair to and in the best interests of the Company and its stockholders; (ii) approved and declared advisable the execution and delivery of this Agreement, the performance by the Company of its covenants and agreements contained herein and the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, including the Mergers, on the terms and subject to the conditions contained herein; (iii) directed that the adoption of this Agreement be submitted to a vote at a meeting of the Company’s stockholders and (iv) recommended that the Company’s stockholders adopt this Agreement.
C.    The Parent Board has unanimously approved the execution and delivery of this Agreement, the performance by Parent of its covenants and agreements contained herein and the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, including the Mergers, and the issuance of shares of Parent Common Stock in connection therewith, each on the terms and subject to the conditions set forth herein.
D.    The board of directors of Acquisition Sub I has (i) approved the execution and delivery of this Agreement, the performance by Acquisition Sub I of its covenants and agreements contained herein and the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, including the Mergers, upon the terms and subject to the conditions contained herein; and (ii) recommended that its sole stockholder adopt this Agreement.



E.    Parent, as the sole member of Acquisition Sub II, has (i) determined that it is advisable and in the best interests of Acquisition Sub II and its sole member to enter into this Agreement and (ii) approved and declared advisable this Agreement and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby, including the Mergers.
F.    Concurrently with the execution and delivery of this Agreement and as an inducement to Parent’s willingness to enter into this Agreement, certain stockholders of shares of Company Common Stock have entered into a voting and support agreement in the form attached as Exhibit D hereto (the “Voting and Support Agreement”), pursuant to which, and subject to the terms and limitations thereof, among other things, the foregoing stockholders agreed to vote the shares of Company Common Stock beneficially owned by each of them in favor of the adoption of this Agreement and approval of the Mergers at the Company Stockholder Meeting.
G.    It is intended that, for U.S. federal income Tax purposes, (a) the First Merger will be treated as part of a single integrated transaction that includes the Second Merger, (b) the Mergers, taken together, should qualify as a “reorganization” within the meaning of Section 368(a) of the Code, and (c) this Agreement will be a “plan of reorganization” within the meaning of Treasury Regulations Section 1.368-2(g) and 1.368-3(a).
AGREEMENT
The parties to this Agreement, in consideration of the representations, warranties, covenants and agreements set forth herein and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and adequacy of which are hereby acknowledged, and intending to be legally bound, agree as follows:
Section 1.THE MERGERS
1.1The Mergers. At the First Effective Time, Acquisition Sub I shall be merged with and into the Company in accordance with the DGCL and upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in this Agreement, and in accordance with the DGCL, whereupon the separate existence of Acquisition Sub I shall cease, and the Company shall be the surviving corporation (the “Initial Surviving Corporation”) in the First Merger and a wholly owned Subsidiary of Parent. At the Second Effective Time, the Company shall be merged with and into Acquisition Sub II in accordance with the DGCL and the DLLCA, whereupon the separate existence of the Company shall cease, with Acquisition Sub II continuing its existence as the surviving limited liability company (the “Surviving Company”). From and after the Second Effective Time, all the property, rights, powers, privileges and franchises of the Company and the Acquisition Subs shall be vested in the Surviving Company and all of the debts, obligations, liabilities, restrictions and duties of the Company and the Acquisition Subs shall become the debts, obligations, liabilities and duties of the Surviving Company, all as provided under the DGCL and DLLCA.
1.2Closing. The consummation of the Mergers (the “Closing”) shall be held (a) at the offices of Latham & Watkins LLP, 1271 Avenue of the Americas, New York, NY 10020, or (b) remotely by exchange of documents and signatures (or their electronic counterparts), in either case unless another place is agreed to in writing by the parties to this Agreement, on a date to be designated jointly by Parent and the Company, which shall be no later than the second (2nd)
2


Business Day after the satisfaction or, to the extent permitted hereunder and by applicable Legal Requirements, waiver of the last to be satisfied or waived of all conditions to the parties’ respective obligations to effect the Mergers set forth in Sections 5.1, 5.2 and 5.3, other than those conditions that by their nature are to be satisfied at the Closing, but subject to the satisfaction or waiver of each of such conditions at the Closing, unless another time or date is agreed to in writing by Parent and the Company. The date on which the Closing actually takes place is referred to as the “Closing Date”. Subject to the provisions of this Agreement, at the Closing, the parties shall cause a certificate of merger with respect to the First Merger (the “First Certificate of Merger”) and immediately thereafter a certificate of merger with respect to the Second Merger (the “Second Certificate of Merger,” and, together with the First Certificate of Merger, the “Certificates of Merger”) to be duly executed and filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware (the “Delaware Secretary of State”) and make all other filings or recordings required by the DGCL and DLLCA in connection with effecting the Mergers. The Mergers shall become effective on the date and at such time as the Certificates of Merger are filed with the Delaware Secretary of State or at such later time as may be mutually agreed to in writing by Parent and the Company and specified in the Certificates of Merger (the time at which the First Merger becomes effective being referred to in this Agreement as the “First Effective Time” and the time at which the Second Merger becomes effective being referred to in this Agreement as the “Second Effective Time”).
1.3Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws.
(a)Subject to the requirements set forth in Section 4.10(a), at the First Effective Time and by virtue of the First Merger, the certificate of incorporation of the Company, as in effect immediately prior to the First Effective Time, shall continue to be the certificate of incorporation of the Initial Surviving Corporation until thereafter changed or amended as set forth therein or by applicable Legal Requirements.
(b)Subject to the requirements set forth in Section 4.10(a), at the First Effective Time, the bylaws of the Company, as in effect immediately prior to the First Effective Time, shall continue to be the bylaws of the Initial Surviving Corporation until thereafter changed or amended as set forth therein or by applicable Legal Requirements.
(c)Subject to the requirements set forth in Section 4.10(a), at the Second Effective Time and by virtue of the Second Merger, the certificate of formation of Acquisition Sub II, as in effect immediately prior to the Second Effective Time, shall be amended and restated in its entirety to read as set forth in the form of certificate of formation of the Surviving Company attached hereto as Exhibit B and, as so amended and restated, shall be the certificate of formation of the Surviving Company until thereafter changed or amended as set forth therein or by applicable Legal Requirements.
(d)Subject to the requirements set forth in Section 4.10(a), at the Second Effective Time, the limited liability company agreement of Acquisition Sub II shall be amended and restated in its entirety to read as set forth in the form of liability company agreement of the Surviving Company attached hereto as Exhibit C, and, as so amended and restated, shall be the limited liability company agreement of the Surviving Company until thereafter changed or amended as set forth therein or by applicable Legal Requirements.
3


1.4Directors and Officers.
(a)From and after the First Effective Time, until their respective successors are duly elected or appointed and qualified in accordance with applicable Legal Requirements and the Initial Surviving Corporation’s Organizational Documents (i) the directors of Acquisition Sub I immediately prior to the First Effective Time shall be the directors of the Initial Surviving Corporation; and (ii) the officers of Acquisition Sub I immediately prior to the First Effective Time shall be the officers of the Initial Surviving Corporation.
(b)From and after the Second Effective Time, until their respective successors are duly elected or appointed and qualified in accordance with applicable Legal Requirements and the Surviving Company’s Organizational Documents (i) the directors of Acquisition Sub II immediately prior to the Second Effective Time shall be the directors of the Surviving Company; and (ii) the officers of Acquisition Sub II immediately prior to the Second Effective Time shall be the officers of the Surviving Company.
1.5Conversion of Securities. Subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement, at the First Effective Time, automatically, by virtue of the First Merger and without any further action on the part of Parent, Acquisition Sub I, the Company or any stockholder of the Company:
(a)all shares of Company Common Stock that are held in the Company’s treasury or are held directly by Parent or Acquisition Sub I immediately prior to the First Effective Time shall be cancelled and shall cease to exist, and no consideration shall be paid or payable in respect thereof;
(b)except as provided in Section 1.5(a), each share of Company Common Stock that is issued and outstanding immediately prior to the First Effective Time (for the avoidance of doubt, including for all purposes hereunder, the “Earnout Shares”, as such term is defined in that certain Sponsor Share Cancellation and Vesting Agreement, dated as of November 24, 2020, by and among INSU Acquisition Corp. II, Insurance Acquisition Sponsor II, LLC, and Dioptra Advisors II, LLC (the “Sponsor Share Cancellation and Vesting Agreement”), which Parent acknowledges and agrees shall fully vest upon the First Effective Time pursuant to Section 1.2(c) of the Sponsor Share Cancellation and Vesting Agreement) shall be converted into the right to receive, without interest, a number of validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable shares of Parent Common Stock equal to the Exchange Ratio (the per share consideration payable in accordance with this Section 1.5(b), the “Merger Consideration”); and
(c)each share of common stock, par value $0.01 per share, of Acquisition Sub I that is issued and outstanding immediately prior to the First Effective Time shall be converted into one (1) validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable share of common stock, par value $0.01 per share, of the Initial Surviving Corporation.
(d)Subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement, at the Second Effective Time, automatically, by virtue of the Second Merger and without any action on the part of Parent, the Initial Surviving Corporation or Acquisition Sub II, each share of common stock, par value $0.01 per share, of the Initial Surviving Corporation issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Second Effective Time shall be cancelled and shall cease to exist. Each limited liability company interest of Acquisition Sub II issued and outstanding immediately prior to the
4


Second Effective Time shall remain outstanding as a limited liability company interest of the Surviving Company.
1.6Certain Adjustments. Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, if, during the period from the date of this Agreement through the First Effective Time, the outstanding shares of Parent Common Stock or Company Common Stock are changed or converted into a different number or class or series of shares by reason of any stock split, division, combination, distribution, exchange, exchange or subdivision of shares, stock dividend, reverse stock split, consolidation of shares, reorganization, reclassification, recapitalization or other similar transaction, or a record date with respect to any such event shall occur during such period, then the Merger Consideration shall be adjusted to the extent appropriate to provide the same economic effect as contemplated by this Agreement prior to such action. Nothing in this Section 1.6 shall be construed to permit the parties to take any action except to the extent consistent with, or not otherwise prohibited by, the terms of this Agreement.
1.7Treatment of Equity Awards; Company Warrants; Additional Shares.
(a)Effective as of the First Effective Time, each Company Option (other than any Cancelled Company Option) that is outstanding and unexercised, whether vested or unvested, immediately prior to the First Effective Time (each, an “Assumed Company Option”) shall cease to represent a right to acquire shares of Company Common Stock and shall be assumed by Parent and converted automatically into a Parent Option on the same terms and conditions (including applicable vesting, exercise and expiration provisions) as applied to such Assumed Company Option immediately prior to the First Effective Time, except that (i) the number of shares of Parent Common Stock subject to each Assumed Company Option shall be determined by multiplying (A) the number of shares of Company Common Stock subject to such Assumed Company Option immediately prior to the First Effective Time; by (B) the Exchange Ratio, and rounding such product down to the nearest whole share; and (ii) the per share exercise price for the shares of Parent Common Stock issuable upon exercise of each Assumed Company Option shall be determined by dividing (A) the per share exercise price for the shares of Company Common Stock otherwise purchasable pursuant to such Assumed Company Option immediately prior to the First Effective Time; by (B) the Exchange Ratio, and rounding such quotient up to the nearest whole cent.
(b)Effective as of the First Effective Time, each Company Option held by any individual who, as of the date hereof, is not employed by or providing services to the Company or its Subsidiaries and that is outstanding and unexercised, whether vested or unvested, immediately prior to the First Effective Time (each, a “Cancelled Company Option”) shall cease to represent a right to acquire shares of the Company Common Stock and shall be cancelled and converted into the right to receive an amount in cash, without interest, equal to (i) (A) the Per Company Share Price, less (B) the exercise price per share attributable to such Company Option multiplied by (ii) the total number of shares of Company Common Stock issuable upon exercise in full of such Cancelled Company Option (the “Option Consideration”). Any Cancelled Company Option with an exercise price per share equal to or greater than the Per Company Share Price will be cancelled without any cash payment being made in respect thereof.
5


(c)Effective as of the First Effective Time, each award of Company RSUs (other than any Cancelled Company RSU Award) (each, an “Assumed Company RSU Award”) shall cease to represent a right to acquire shares of Company Common Stock upon vesting and shall be assumed by Parent and converted automatically into a Parent RSU and shall otherwise remain subject to the same vesting and other terms and conditions that applied to the underlying Company RSU immediately prior to the First Effective Time, except that the number of shares of Parent Common Stock subject to each such Assumed Company RSU Award shall be determined by multiplying (A) the number of shares of Company Common Stock subject to such award of Company RSUs immediately prior to the First Effective Time; by (B) the Exchange Ratio, rounded to the nearest whole number.
(d)Effective as of the First Effective Time, (i) each award of Company RSUs held by any non-employee director of the Company and (ii) each award of Company RSUs that is outstanding and vests based on the achievement of one or more performance criteria (each, a “Cancelled Company RSU Award”) shall cease to represent a right to acquire shares of Company Common Stock upon vesting and shall be cancelled and converted into the right to receive an amount in cash, without interest, and rounded to the nearest whole cent, equal to (A) the Per Company Share Price, multiplied by (B) the total number of shares of Company Common Stock subject to such Cancelled Company RSU Award (the “RSU Consideration”). With respect to each Cancelled Company RSU Award that vests based on the achievement of one or more performance criteria, the Company shall determine the number of earned Company RSUs subject to such award in accordance with the terms and conditions of the applicable award agreement prior to the First Effective Time.
(e)Parent shall take all corporate action necessary to reserve for issuance a sufficient number of shares of Parent Common Stock for delivery with respect to all Assumed Company Options and Assumed Company RSU Awards. Parent shall file and cause to be effective as of no later than the Closing Date, one or more registration statements under the Securities Act on Form S-8, Form S-1 or other appropriate form under the Securities Act, relating to shares of Parent Common Stock issuable with respect to all Assumed Company Options and Assumed Company RSU Awards, and Parent shall use its best reasonable efforts cause such registration statements to remain in effect for so long as such Assumed Company Options and Assumed Company RSU Awards remain outstanding.
(f)At or prior to the Closing, Parent will deposit (or cause to be deposited or maintained) with the Company, by wire transfer of immediately available funds, the aggregate (i) Option Consideration owed to all holders of Cancelled Company Options and (ii) RSU Consideration owed to all holders of Cancelled Company RSU Award. As soon as practicable after the Closing Date but in any event no later than ten (10) Business Days following the Closing Date, the applicable holders of Cancelled Company Options and Cancelled Company RSU Awards will receive a payment from the Company or the Surviving Company, through its payroll system or payroll provider, of all amounts required to be paid to such holders in respect of Cancelled Company Options and Cancelled Company RSU Awards that are cancelled and converted pursuant to Section 1.7(b) and Section 1.7(d), respectively, net of any required withholding of Taxes.
6


(g)At the First Effective Time, each Company Warrant shall, automatically and without any required action on the part of the holder thereof, cease to represent a Company Warrant in respect of Company Common Stock and shall be assumed by Parent and converted into a warrant denominated in shares of Parent Common Stock (a “Parent Warrant”). The number of shares of Parent Common Stock subject to each such Parent Warrant shall be equal to the product (rounded to the nearest whole number) of (x) the number of shares of Company Common Stock subject to such Parent Warrant immediately prior to the Effective Time multiplied by (y) the Exchange Ratio, and the exercise price of such Parent Warrant equal to the quotient of (1) the per share exercise price of such Company Warrant immediately prior to the First Effective Time divided by (2) the Exchange Ratio, which quotient shall be rounded to the nearest whole cent. Except as expressly provided above, following the First Effective Time, each such Parent Warrant shall continue to be governed by the same terms and conditions (including vesting terms) as were applicable to the applicable Company Warrant immediately prior to the First Effective Time.
(h)Treatment of Additional Shares.
(i)Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, if the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, including the Mergers, constitute an “Acceleration Event” (as such term is defined in the INSU Merger Agreement), (1) Parent agrees that the terms and conditions set forth in Section 2.17(g) of the INSU Merger Agreement will apply to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, including the Mergers, (2) the “Additional Shares” (as such term is defined in Section 2.17(a) of the INSU Merger Agreement, the “Additional Shares”) will be issued in accordance with Section 2.17(g) of the INSU Merger Agreement as of immediately prior to the First Effective Time and (3) in accordance with Section 2.17(g) of the INSU Merger Agreement, as of the First Effective Time, each Additional Share will be converted into the right to receive the Merger Consideration pursuant to Section 1.5(b) of this Agreement. For the avoidance of doubt, the Additional Shares, when issued, will be subject to the same exchange procedures as all other shares of Company Common Stock pursuant to Section 1.10 of this Agreement.
(ii)Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, if the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, including the Mergers, do not constitute an “Acceleration Event” (as such term is defined in the INSU Merger Agreement), then, pursuant to, and in accordance with the terms of, Section 2.17 of the INSU Merger Agreement, if, (1) at any point following the First Effective Time and prior to February 9, 2023, the closing share price of the Parent Common Stock over any twenty (20) Trading Days within any thirty (30) Trading Day period is greater than the quotient of (A) $15.00 divided by (B) the Exchange Ratio, then, (2) as soon as practicable (but in any event within ten (10) Business Days) after such satisfaction, Parent shall issue, on a ratable basis to the Persons eligible to receive such Additional Shares under and pursuant to Section 2.17 of the INSU Merger Agreement (the “Legacy Company Equityholders”), a number of shares of Parent Common Stock in an amount equal to the product of (A) 10,000,000 multiplied by (B) the Exchange Ratio. If this Section 1.7(h)(ii) applies, then, from and after the First Effective Time, (A) for all purposes under this Agreement, “Additional Shares” will mean the shares of Parent Common Stock that will be subject to
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issuance pursuant to the prior sentence, (B) all other terms of Section 2.17 of the INSU Merger Agreement (and related definitions) shall apply with respect to Parent as if Parent were “Parent” under the INSU Merger Agreement and (C) if a Change of Control of Parent (as defined in Section 2.17(g) of the INSU Merger Agreement after giving effect to clause (B) above) occurs after the First Effective Time and prior to the Release Date (as defined in Section 2.17(b) of the INSU Merger Agreement), or if any other transaction with respect to Parent or the Parent Common Stock occurs prior to the Release Date that would impact the terms of the arrangement contemplated by Section 2.17 of the INSU Merger Agreement to the Legacy Company Equityholders, then Parent shall use its reasonable best efforts to ensure that appropriate arrangements will be made to ensure that the Legacy Company Equityholders will retain the benefits of the provisions of Section 2.17 of the INSU Merger Agreement (including by effecting adjustments to the target stock price and number of shares subject to issuance hereunder and thereunder in the manner contemplated by this Section 1.7(h) or in a substantially similar manner).
1.8No Fractional Shares.
(a)No fractional shares of Parent Common Stock shall be issued in connection with the First Merger, and no certificates or scrip for any such fractional shares shall be issued.
(b)Any holder of Company Common Stock who would otherwise be entitled to receive a fraction of a share of Parent Common Stock pursuant to Section 1.5(b) (after aggregating all fractional shares of Parent Common Stock otherwise issuable to such holder pursuant to Section 1.5(b)) shall, in lieu of such fraction of a share and upon surrender of such holder’s certificates representing shares of Company Common Stock outstanding as of immediately prior to the First Effective Time (“Company Stock Certificates”) or book-entry positions representing non-certificated shares of Company Common Stock outstanding as of immediately prior to the First Effective Time (“Company Book-Entry Shares”) in accordance with Section 1.10, be paid in cash the dollar amount (rounded to the nearest whole cent), without interest and subject to any required tax withholding, determined by multiplying such fraction by the Parent Stock Price. No such holder shall be entitled to dividends, voting rights or any other rights in respect of any fractional share of Parent Common Stock that would otherwise have been issuable as part of the Merger Consideration. The payment of cash in lieu of fractional share interests pursuant to this Section 1.8(b) is not a separately bargained-for consideration but merely represents a mechanical rounding-off of the fractions in the exchange.
1.9Closing of Transfer Books.
At the First Effective Time:
(a)all shares of Company Common Stock outstanding immediately prior to the First Effective Time shall automatically be cancelled and shall cease to exist, and all holders of Company Stock Certificates and of Company Book-Entry Shares shall cease to have any rights as stockholders of the Company, except (unless such holder is subject to Section 1.5(a)) the right to receive the Merger Consideration pursuant to Section 1.5(b), cash in lieu of any fractional
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share of Parent Common Stock pursuant to Section 1.8(b) and any dividends or other distributions pursuant to Section 1.10(f); and
(b)the stock transfer books of the Company shall be closed with respect to all shares of Company Common Stock outstanding immediately prior to the First Effective Time and no further transfer of any such shares of Company Common Stock shall be made on such stock transfer books after the First Effective Time. If, after the First Effective Time, a valid Company Stock Certificate or a Company Book-Entry Share is presented to the Exchange Agent or to the Initial Surviving Corporation, the Surviving Company or Parent, such Company Stock Certificate or Company Book-Entry Share shall be cancelled and shall be exchanged as provided in Section 1.10.
1.10Exchange of Certificates and Cancellation of Book-Entry Positions.
(a)Prior to the Closing Date, Parent shall select Parent’s transfer agent or another reputable bank or trust company reasonably satisfactory to Parent to act as exchange agent with respect to the Mergers (the “Exchange Agent”). Prior to or substantially concurrent with the First Effective Time, Parent shall cause to be deposited with the Exchange Agent (i) certificates or evidence of book-entry shares representing the shares of Parent Common Stock issuable pursuant to Section 1.5; and (ii) cash sufficient to make payments in lieu of fractional shares in accordance with Section 1.8(b). The shares of Parent Common Stock and cash amounts so deposited with the Exchange Agent pursuant to this Section 1.10(a), together with any dividends or distributions received by the Exchange Agent with respect to such shares of Parent Common Stock, and any interest or other income with respect to such cash amount, are referred to collectively as the “Exchange Fund.” The Exchange Agent shall invest the cash available in the Exchange Fund in obligations, funds or accounts typical for (including having liquidity typical for) transactions of this nature as directed by Parent; provided that no losses on such investments shall affect the cash payable to former holders of shares of Company Common Stock pursuant to this Section 1 (and Parent shall promptly deliver to the Exchange Agent cash in an amount sufficient to replenish any deficiency in the Exchange Fund).
(b)With respect to Company Stock Certificates, as promptly as reasonably practicable after the First Effective Time (but in no event later than five (5) Business Days after the First Effective Time), Parent shall cause the Exchange Agent to mail to each holder of record of each such Company Stock Certificate (i) a notice advising such holder of the effectiveness of the Mergers; (ii) a letter of transmittal in customary form and reasonably acceptable to each of Parent and the Company specifying that delivery shall be effected, and risk of loss and title to a Company Stock Certificate shall pass, only upon delivery of the Company Stock Certificate (or affidavit of loss in lieu of a Company Stock Certificate as provided in Section 1.10(e)) to the Exchange Agent (the “Letter of Transmittal”); and (iii) instructions for surrendering a Company Stock Certificate (or affidavit of loss in lieu of a Company Stock Certificate as provided in Section 1.10(e)) to the Exchange Agent. Upon surrender to the Exchange Agent of a Company Stock Certificate (or affidavit of loss in lieu of a Company Stock Certificate as provided in Section 1.10(e)) together with a duly executed and completed Letter of Transmittal and such other documents as may reasonably be required pursuant to such instructions, Parent shall instruct, and use its reasonable best efforts to cause, the Exchange Agent to mail to each holder of record of any such Company Stock Certificate in exchange therefor, as promptly as reasonably
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practicable thereafter, (i) a statement reflecting the number of whole shares of Parent Common Stock, if any, that such holder is entitled to receive pursuant to this Section 1 in non-certificated book-entry form in the name of such record holder (subject to Section 1.10(i)) and (ii) a check in the amount (after giving effect to any required Tax withholdings as provided in Section 1.12) of (A) any cash in lieu of fractional shares plus (B) any unpaid cash dividends and any other dividends or other distributions that such holder has the right to receive pursuant to this Section 1. Any Company Stock Certificate that has been so surrendered shall be cancelled by the Exchange Agent.
(c)With respect to Company Book-Entry Shares not held through DTC (each, a “Non-DTC Book-Entry Share”), Parent shall instruct, and use its reasonable best efforts to cause, the Exchange Agent to pay and deliver to each holder of record of any Non-DTC Book-Entry Share, as promptly as reasonably practicable after the First Effective Time, but in any event within five (5) Business Days thereafter, the applicable Merger Consideration and a check in the amount (after giving effect to any required Tax withholdings as provided in Section 1.12) of any cash in lieu of fractional shares plus any unpaid cash dividends and any other dividends or other distributions that such holder has the right to receive pursuant to this Section 1, and each Non-DTC Book-Entry Share shall be promptly cancelled by the Exchange Agent. Subject to Section 1.10(i), payment of the Merger Consideration with respect to Non-DTC Book-Entry Shares shall only be made to the person in whose name such Non-DTC Book-Entry Shares are registered.
(d)With respect to Company Book-Entry Shares held through DTC, Parent and the Company shall cooperate to establish procedures with the Exchange Agent and DTC to ensure that the Exchange Agent will transmit to DTC or its nominees as soon as practicable after the First Effective Time, but in any event within five (5) Business Days thereafter, upon surrender of shares held of record by DTC or its nominees in accordance with DTC’s customary surrender procedures, the Merger Consideration, cash in lieu of fractional shares of Parent Common Stock, if any, and any unpaid cash dividends and any other dividends or other distributions, in each case, that such holder has the right to receive pursuant to this Section 1.
(e)In the event that any Company Stock Certificate shall have been lost, stolen or destroyed, then, upon the making of an affidavit of that fact by the Person claiming such Company Stock Certificate to be lost, stolen or destroyed and the posting by such Person of a bond in a reasonable and customary amount and upon such terms as may reasonably be required as indemnity against any claim that may be made against it with respect to such Company Stock Certificate, the Exchange Agent will issue in exchange for such lost, stolen or destroyed Company Stock Certificate, the Merger Consideration, cash in lieu of fractional shares of Parent Common Stock, if any, and any unpaid cash dividends and any other dividends or other distributions, in each case, payable or issuable pursuant to this Section 1, as if such lost, stolen or destroyed Company Stock Certificate had been surrendered.
(f)No dividends or other distributions declared or made with respect to Parent Common Stock with a record date after the First Effective Time shall be paid or otherwise delivered to the holder of any unsurrendered Company Stock Certificate or Company Book-Entry Shares with respect to the shares of Parent Common Stock that such holder has the right to receive in the Mergers until the later to occur of (A) the date on which the holder surrenders such
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Company Stock Certificate or Company Book-Entry Shares in accordance with this Section 1.10; and (B) the payment date for such dividend or distribution with respect to Parent Common Stock (at which time such holder shall be entitled, subject to the effect of applicable abandoned property, escheat or similar laws, to receive all such dividends and distributions, without interest).
(g)Any portion of the Exchange Fund that remains undistributed to holders of Company Stock Certificates or Company Book-Entry Shares as of the date that is one (1) year after the date on which the Mergers becomes effective shall be delivered to Parent upon demand. Any holders of Company Stock Certificates or Company Book-Entry Shares who have not theretofore surrendered their Company Stock Certificates or Company Book-Entry Shares in accordance with this Section 1.10 shall thereafter be entitled to look to Parent for, and be entitled to receive from Parent, the Merger Consideration pursuant to the provisions of Section 1.5, cash in lieu of any fractional shares of Parent Common Stock in accordance with Section 1.8(b) and any dividends or distributions with respect to shares of Parent Common Stock pursuant to Section 1.10(f).
(h)Neither Parent, the Initial Surviving Corporation, nor the Surviving Company shall be liable to any holder or former holder of shares of Company Common Stock or to any other Person with respect to any portion of the Merger Consideration delivered to any public official pursuant to any applicable abandoned property law, escheat law or other similar Legal Requirement. If any Company Stock Certificate or Company Book-Entry Share has not been surrendered prior to the date on which any portion of the Merger Consideration and any dividends or distributions, in each case, that a holder of such Company Stock Certificates or Company Book-Entry Share has the right to receive pursuant to this Section 1 in respect of such Company Stock Certificate or Company Book-Entry Share would otherwise escheat to or become property of any Governmental Entity, any such shares, cash, dividends or distributions in respect of such Company Stock Certificate or Company Book-Entry Share shall, to the extent permitted by applicable Legal Requirement, become the property of Parent, free and clear of all claims or interests of any Person previously entitled thereto.
(i)In the event of a transfer of ownership of any shares of Company Common Stock that is not registered in the transfer records of the Company, the Exchange Agent may deliver the Merger Consideration (and, to the extent applicable, cash in lieu of fractional shares pursuant to Section 1.8(b) or any dividends or distributions pursuant to Section 1.10(f)) to such transferee if (A) in the case of Company Book-Entry Shares, written instructions authorizing the transfer of the Company Book-Entry Shares are presented to the Exchange Agent, (B) in the case of Company Stock Certificates, the Company Stock Certificates formerly representing such shares of Company Common Stock are surrendered to the Exchange Agent, and (C) the written instructions, in the case of clause (A), and Company Stock Certificates, in the case of clause (B), are accompanied by all documents required to evidence and effect such transfer and to evidence that any applicable stock transfer Taxes have been paid or are not applicable, in each case, in form and substance, reasonably satisfactory to Parent and the Exchange Agent. If any shares of Parent Common Stock are to be delivered to a Person other than the holder in whose name any shares of Company Common Stock are registered, it shall be a condition of such exchange that the Person requesting such delivery shall pay any transfer or other similar Taxes required by reason of the transfer of shares of Parent Common Stock to a Person other than the registered
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holder of any shares of Company Common Stock, or shall establish to the satisfaction of Parent and the Exchange Agent that such Tax has been paid or is not applicable.
1.11Further Action. If, at any time after the First Effective Time, any further action is determined by Parent, the Initial Surviving Corporation or the Surviving Company to be necessary to carry out the purposes of this Agreement, the officers and directors of Parent shall (in the name of the Acquisition Subs, in the name of the Company or otherwise) be fully authorized to take such action.
1.12Tax Withholding. Each of Parent, the Exchange Agent, Acquisition Sub I, Acquisition Sub II, the Company, the Initial Surviving Corporation and the Surviving Company, as applicable, shall be entitled to deduct and withhold from any amounts otherwise payable pursuant to this Agreement any amounts as are required to be deducted and withheld with respect to the making of such payment pursuant to the Code or any other applicable Legal Requirement relating to Taxes. To the extent that amounts are so deducted or withheld and, if required, paid over to the appropriate Governmental Entity, such amounts shall be treated for all purposes of this Agreement as having been paid to the Person in respect of which such deduction and withholding were made.
1.13No Appraisal Rights. In accordance with Section 262 of the DGCL, no appraisal rights shall be available with respect to the Mergers or the other transactions contemplated by this Agreement.
Section 2.REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE COMPANY
The Company hereby represents and warrants to Parent and the Acquisition Subs that, except as set forth or incorporated by reference in the Company SEC Documents filed on or after January 1, 2020 and publicly available at least one (1) Business Day prior to the date of this Agreement (provided that in no event shall any risk factor disclosure under the heading “Risk Factors” or disclosure set forth in any “forward looking statements” disclaimer or other general statements to the extent they are cautionary, predictive or forward looking in nature that are included in any part of any Company SEC Document be deemed to be an exception to, or, as applicable, disclosure for purposes of, any representations and warranties of the Company contained in this Agreement) (it being agreed that any matter disclosed in such Company SEC Documents shall not be deemed disclosed for purposes of Section 2.1, Section 2.2, Section 2.3 or Section 2.4) or, subject to Section 7.12, in the disclosure schedule delivered to Parent prior to the execution of this Agreement (the “Company Disclosure Schedule”):

2.1Due Organization and Good Standing; Subsidiaries.
(a)The Company is a corporation duly incorporated, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the State of Delaware. The Company has the requisite corporate power and authority to own, lease and operate its assets and to carry on its business as it is being conducted as of the date of this Agreement, except as, individually or in the aggregate, has not constituted or resulted in a Company Material Adverse Effect. The Company is duly qualified and has all necessary Governmental Authorizations to do business, and (where such concept is recognized under the laws of the jurisdiction in which it is organized) is in good standing, in each
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other jurisdiction where the nature of its business makes such qualification necessary, except where the failure to be so qualified or in good standing, individually or in the aggregate, has not constituted or resulted in a Company Material Adverse Effect.
(b)Exhibit 21.1 of the Most Recent Company 10-K/A is a true, correct and complete list of each Entity that is a Company Subsidiary as of the date of this Agreement (other than the Company Subsidiaries that, in the aggregate, would not constitute a “significant subsidiary” (as defined in Rule 1.02(w) of Regulation S-X)). Neither the Company nor any Company Subsidiary owns any equity interest or joint venture, partnership or similar interest in any other Entity, other than the Entities identified in Exhibit 21.1 of the Most Recent Company 10-K/A and any other wholly owned Company Subsidiary. Each Company Subsidiary is duly organized, validly existing and (where such concept is recognized under the laws of the jurisdiction in which it is organized) in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its organization and has the requisite corporate or other organizational power and authority and (other than Company Insurance Subsidiaries) Governmental Authorizations to own, lease and operate its assets and to carry on its business as it is being conducted as of the date of this Agreement, except where the failure to be so organized, existing and in good standing or to have such power and authority, individually or in the aggregate, has not constituted or resulted in a Company Material Adverse Effect. Each Company Subsidiary is duly qualified and (other than Company Insurance Subsidiaries) has all necessary Governmental Authorizations to do business, and (where such concept is recognized under the laws of the jurisdiction in which it is organized) is in good standing, in each other jurisdiction where the nature of its business makes such qualification necessary, except where the failure to be so qualified or in good standing, individually or in the aggregate, has not constituted or resulted in a Company Material Adverse Effect. All of the outstanding shares of capital stock of each Company Subsidiary are duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable and are owned directly or indirectly by the Company free and clear of all Liens, except for restrictions on transfer under applicable securities laws.
2.2Organizational Documents. Prior to the date of this Agreement, the Company has made available to Parent copies of the Organizational Documents of the Company and each Company Subsidiary, including all amendments thereto, as in effect on the date hereof. The Organizational Documents of the Company and each Company Subsidiary are in full force and effect and neither (a) the Company nor (b) except as, individually or in the aggregate, has not constituted or resulted in a Company Material Adverse Effect, any Company Subsidiary is in violation of any of the provisions of such Organizational Documents.
2.3Capitalization.
(a)The authorized capital stock of the Company consists of (i) 640,000,000 shares of Company Common Stock, of which 127,741,367 were issued and outstanding as of November 5, 2021 (the “Company Capitalization Date”); and (ii) 10,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $0.0001 per share, none of which were outstanding as of the Company Capitalization Date. All of the outstanding shares of Company Common Stock have been, and all shares of Company Common Stock reserved for issuance pursuant to the Company Equity Agreements will be when issued, duly authorized and validly issued, and are, or will be when issued, fully paid and non-assessable.
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(b)Except as set forth in the Company’s or any Company Subsidiary’s Organizational Documents, the Company Equity Agreements, the Company Warrant Agreements and the Sponsor Share Cancellation and Vesting Agreement, (i) none of the outstanding shares of Company Common Stock or capital or other equity interests of any Company Subsidiary is entitled or subject to any preemptive right, right of repurchase, right of participation or any similar right; (ii) none of the outstanding shares of Company Common Stock or capital or other equity interests of any Company Subsidiary is subject to any right of first refusal in favor of the Company or any Company Subsidiary; (iii) there are no bonds, debentures, notes or other indebtedness of the Company or any Company Subsidiary issued and outstanding having the right to vote (or convertible or exercisable or exchangeable for securities having the right to vote) on any matters on which stockholders of the Company may vote; and (iv) there is no Contract to which the Company or any Company Subsidiary is a party relating to the voting or registration of, or restricting any Person from purchasing, selling, pledging or otherwise disposing of (or from granting any option or similar right with respect to), any shares of Company Common Stock or capital or other equity interests of any Company Subsidiary. Except as set forth in the Company Equity Agreements and the Company Warrant Agreements, neither the Company nor any Company Subsidiary is under any obligation, nor is it bound by any Contract pursuant to which it will become obligated, to repurchase, redeem or otherwise acquire any outstanding shares of Company Common Stock, capital or other equity interests of any Company Subsidiary or any other securities.
(c)As of the Company Capitalization Date: (i) 7,666,646 shares of Company Common Stock were subject to issuance pursuant to outstanding Company Public Warrants; (ii) 180,000 shares of Company Common Stock were subject to issuance pursuant to outstanding Company Placement Warrants; (iii) 10,000,000 shares of Company Common Stock reserved for issuance pursuant to the INSU Merger Agreement; (iv) 2,709,873 shares of Company Common Stock were subject to issuance pursuant to outstanding Company Options, including 406,191 shares of Company Common Stock subject to issuance pursuant to outstanding Company Options that vest based on the achievement of performance goals (assuming achievement at maximum levels); (v) 12,907,346 shares of Company Common Stock were subject to issuance pursuant to outstanding Company RSUs, including 3,024,245 shares of Company Common Stock subject to Company RSUs that vest based on the achievement of performance goals (assuming achievement at maximum levels); (vi) 1,900,912 shares of Company Common Stock were reserved for issuance pursuant to the Company ESPP; and (vii) except as set forth in Section 2.3(a), no other shares of capital stock or other voting securities of the Company were issued, reserved for issuance or outstanding. Prior to the date of this Agreement, the Company has made available to Parent true, correct and complete copies of (A) the Company Warrant Agreements; (B) the Company Equity Plans; and (C) the forms of all stock option agreements evidencing Company Options, outstanding as of the date of this Agreement and the forms of all restricted stock unit agreements evidencing Company RSUs outstanding as of the date of this Agreement. The per share exercise price of each such Company Option was at least equal to the fair market value of one (1) share of Company Common Stock on the date of grant of such Company Option. Part 2.3(c) of the Company Disclosure Schedule sets forth a list, as of the Company Capitalization Date, of all Company Options and awards of Company RSUs, in each case, including the holder of such Company Option or award of Company RSUs, the number of shares of Company Common Stock subject to such Company Option or award of Company RSUs, the grant date of such Company Option or award of Company RSUs, the per share
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exercise price of such Company Option, the vesting schedule for such Company Option or award of Company RSUs, and the date on which such Company Option expires.
(d)Except as set forth in this Section 2.3, as of the Company Capitalization Date, there were no (i) outstanding subscription, option, call, warrant or other right (whether or not currently exercisable) to acquire any shares of the capital stock or other equity interests, restricted stock unit, stock-based performance unit, shares of phantom stock, stock appreciation right, profit participation right or any other right that is linked to, or the value of which is based on or derived from, the value of any shares of capital stock or other equity interest of the Company or any Company Subsidiary, in each case, to which the Company or any Company Subsidiary is a party; (ii) outstanding security, instrument, bond, debenture or note that is or may become convertible into or exchangeable for any shares of the capital stock or other equity securities of the Company or any Company Subsidiary; or (iii) stockholder rights plan (or similar plan commonly referred to as a “poison pill”) or Contract under which the Company or any Company Subsidiary is or may become obligated to sell or otherwise issue any shares of its capital stock or other equity interest or any other securities.
(e)From the Company Capitalization Date through the date of this Agreement, neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has issued any shares of Company Common Stock or other equity interests of the Company or any Company Subsidiary, other than pursuant to Company Options, Company RSUs or Company Warrants, in each case, that were outstanding as of the Company Capitalization Date.
2.4Authority; Binding Nature of Agreement. The Company has the requisite corporate power and authority to enter into and to perform its obligations under this Agreement and, subject to receipt of the Required Company Stockholder Vote and the Governmental Authorizations identified in Part 5.1(c) of the Company Disclosure Schedule, to consummate the Mergers. On or prior to the date hereof, the Company Board has unanimously (a) duly and validly authorized and approved the execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement and the consummation of the Mergers by the Company; (b) determined that the Mergers are fair to and in the best interests of the Company and its stockholders; (c) approved and declared advisable this Agreement and the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, including the Mergers; and (d) subject to the terms and conditions hereof, directed that this Agreement be submitted to a vote of the Company’s stockholders, recommended that the stockholders of the Company adopt this Agreement (the “Company Board Recommendation”), and resolved to include the Company Board Recommendation in the Proxy Statement/Prospectus, subject to Section 4.2. The execution and delivery of this Agreement by the Company and the consummation by the Company of the Mergers and other transactions contemplated by this Agreement have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action on the part of the Company (including the approval of the Company Board) and no other corporate proceedings on the part of the Company are necessary to authorize this Agreement, in each case other than, with respect to the consummation of the Mergers, the receipt of the Required Company Stockholder Vote, the Governmental Authorizations identified in Part 5.1(c) of the Company Disclosure Schedule and the filing of the Certificates of Merger as required by the DGCL. This Agreement has been duly executed and delivered on behalf of the Company and, assuming the due authorization, execution and delivery of this Agreement on behalf of Parent and the Acquisition Subs, constitutes the valid and binding obligation of the Company, enforceable against the
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Company in accordance with its terms, subject to (i) laws of general application relating to bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or other similar laws, now or hereafter in effect, affecting creditors’ rights generally; and (ii) principles of law governing or relating to specific performance, injunctive relief and other equitable remedies, as from time to time in effect (the “Bankruptcy and Equity Exception”).
2.5Vote Required. The adoption of this Agreement by the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the shares of Company Common Stock issued and outstanding on the record date for the Company Stockholder Meeting and entitled to vote on the proposal to adopt this Agreement (the “Required Company Stockholder Vote”) is the only vote of the holders of any class or series of the Company’s capital stock necessary under applicable Legal Requirements and Organizational Documents of the Company to approve or adopt this Agreement or for the Company to consummate the transactions contemplated hereby, including the Mergers.
2.6Non-Contravention; Consents.
(a)The execution and delivery of this Agreement by the Company and, assuming receipt of the Required Company Stockholder Vote and the Governmental Authorizations identified in Part 5.1(c) of the Company Disclosure Schedule, the consummation by the Company of the Mergers will not (i) cause a violation of any of the provisions of the Organizational Documents of the Company or any Company Subsidiary; (ii) assuming the consents and filings referred to in Section 2.6(b) are made and obtained, conflict with or violate any applicable Legal Requirements; or (iii) subject to Section 4.5, result in any material loss, limitation or impairment of any right of the Company or any Company Subsidiary to own or use any assets, result in any material violation of or default (with or without notice or lapse of time, or both) under, or give rise to a right of termination, cancellation, first offer, first refusal, modification or acceleration of any material obligation or to the loss of a material benefit under any Contract binding upon the Company or any Company Subsidiary or by which any of their respective properties, rights or assets are bound or subject, or result in the creation of any Liens of any kind (other than Company Permitted Encumbrances) upon any of the properties, rights or assets of the Company or any Company Subsidiary.
(b)Except as may be required by the Securities Act, the Exchange Act, the DGCL, the HSR Act or other applicable Antitrust Laws, applicable state securities takeover and “blue sky” laws or the rules and regulations of Nasdaq, and except as set forth in Part 2.6(b) of the Company Disclosure Schedule, the Company and the Company Subsidiaries are not required to make any filing, registration, or declaration with, give any notice to, or obtain any consent, Order, license, permit, clearance, waiver or approval from, any Governmental Entity for the execution and delivery of this Agreement by the Company, the performance by the Company of its covenants and obligations hereunder or the consummation by the Company of the Mergers in each case, except as would not, individually or in the aggregate, be material to the Company and the Company Subsidiaries, taken as a whole.
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2.7Reports; Financial Statements; Internal Controls.
(a)All reports, schedules, forms, statements and other documents (including exhibits and all other information incorporated by reference therein) required to be filed or furnished by the Company with the SEC under the Exchange Act or Securities Act since January 1, 2019 (the “Company SEC Documents”) have been filed or furnished with the SEC on a timely basis. As of the time it was filed with the SEC (and, in the case of registration statements and proxy statements, on the dates of effectiveness and the dates of mailing, respectively) (or, with respect to clause (i) below, if amended or superseded, then on the date of such amended or superseding filing) (i) each of the Company SEC Documents complied in all material respects with the applicable requirements of the Securities Act, the Exchange Act and the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (as the case may be) and the applicable regulations promulgated thereunder and the listing requirements and corporate governance rules and regulations of Nasdaq, each as in effect on the date such Company SEC Document was filed (and, in the case of registration statements and proxy statements, on the dates of effectiveness and the dates of mailing, respectively, or, if amended prior to the date of this Agreement, the date of the filing of such amendment, with respect to the disclosures that are amended); and (ii) none of the Company SEC Documents contained any untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. No Company Subsidiary has been required to file any forms, reports or other documents with the SEC at any time since November 24, 2020. Since November 24, 2020, no executive officer of the Company has failed in any respect to make the certifications required of him or her under Section 302 or 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act with respect to the Company SEC Documents. Neither the Company nor any of its executive officers has received notice from any Governmental Entity challenging or questioning the accuracy, completeness, form or manner of filing of such certifications.
(b)The financial statements (including any related notes) contained or incorporated by reference in the Company SEC Documents (i) complied as to form in all material respects with the published rules and regulations of the SEC applicable thereto; (ii) were prepared in accordance with GAAP applied on a consistent basis throughout the periods covered (except as may be indicated in the notes to such financial statements or, in the case of unaudited statements, as permitted by Form 10-Q or any successor form under the Exchange Act, and except that unaudited financial statements may not contain footnotes and are subject to normal year-end adjustments); (iii) fairly present, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company and the Company’s consolidated Subsidiaries as of the respective dates thereof and the results of operations and consolidated cash flows of the Company and the Company’s consolidated Subsidiaries for the periods covered thereby subject, with respect to unaudited interim statements, to normal year-end adjustments and (iv) have been prepared from the books and records of the Company and the Company’s consolidated Subsidiaries in all material respects. No financial statements of any Person other than the Company and the Company’s consolidated Subsidiaries are required by GAAP to be included in the consolidated financial statements of the Company. The books and records of the Company and the Company Subsidiaries have been, and are being, maintained in all material respects in accordance with GAAP and any other applicable legal and accounting requirements. As of the date hereof, Moss Adams LLP has not resigned (or informed the Company that it intends to resign) or been dismissed as independent public accountants of the Company.
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(c)The Company maintains, and at all times since January 1, 2019, has maintained, a system of internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d15(f) under the Exchange Act) which is designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with GAAP, and includes those policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that in reasonable detail accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the Company and the Company Subsidiaries; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP and that receipts and expenditures are being made in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the Company; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the assets of the Company and the Company Subsidiaries that could have a material effect on the financial statements. To the knowledge of the Company, the Company has not engaged in any material transactions that have not been properly recorded in the accounting records underlying its consolidated financial statements and there are no significant deficiencies or material weaknesses in the design or operation of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. The Company has maintained the integrity of its financial reporting through proper access and change management procedures, along with customary reconciliations, reperformance and recalculations of key formulas, and detailed reviews performed by competent and qualified individuals. Management of the Company has disclosed to the Company’s auditors and the audit committee of the Company Board (x) any significant deficiencies or material weaknesses in the design and operation of internal controls over financial reporting and (y) any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or any other employees who have a significant role in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting, and each such deficiency, weakness and fraud so disclosed to auditors, if any, has been disclosed to Parent prior to the date hereof.
(d)Since January 1, 2019, (i) none of the Company or any Company Subsidiary nor, to the knowledge of the Company, any director or officer of the Company or any Company Subsidiary has received or otherwise had or obtained knowledge of any material complaint, allegation, assertion or claim, whether written or, to the Company’s knowledge, oral, regarding accounting, internal accounting controls or auditing practices, procedures, methodologies or methods of the Company or any Company Subsidiary or any material complaint, allegation, assertion or claim from employees of the Company or any Company Subsidiary regarding questionable accounting or auditing matters with respect to the Company or any Company Subsidiary, and (ii) to the knowledge of the Company, no attorney representing the Company or any Company Subsidiary, whether or not employed by the Company or any Company Subsidiary, has reported evidence of a violation of securities laws, breach of fiduciary duty or similar violation by the Company, any Company Subsidiary or any of their respective officers, directors, employees or agents to the Company Board or any committee thereof, or to the General Counsel or Chief Executive Officer of the Company.
(e)The Company maintains disclosure controls as required by Rule 13a-15 or 15d15 under the Exchange Act. As of the date hereof, the Company is in compliance in all material respects with all current listing requirements of the Nasdaq Global Select Market (“Nasdaq”).
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(f)Neither the Company nor any Company Subsidiary is a party to, or has a commitment to effect, enter into or create, any joint venture, or “off-balance sheet arrangement” (as defined in Item 303(a) of Regulation S-K under the Exchange Act).
(g)As of the date of this Agreement, there are no outstanding or unresolved comments in comment letters received from the SEC with respect to the Company SEC Documents, and none of the Company SEC Documents is, to the knowledge of the Company, the subject of ongoing SEC review or investigation.
(h)Neither the Company nor any Company Subsidiary has any liabilities of any nature or type, whether accrued, absolute, determined, contingent or otherwise and whether due or to become due, except for (i) liabilities disclosed in the financial statements (including any related notes) contained in the Most Recent Company Balance Sheet; (ii) liabilities incurred in the ordinary course of business since the date of the Most Recent Company Balance Sheet; (iii) liabilities that, individually or in the aggregate, have not constituted or resulted in a Company Material Adverse Effect; and (iv) liabilities and obligations incurred in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.
2.8Absence of Certain Changes.
(a)Since the date of the Most Recent Company Balance Sheet to the date of this Agreement, there has not been any fact, event, change, effect, circumstance, occurrence or development that, individually or in the aggregate, has had a Company Material Adverse Effect.
(b)Except in connection with the execution and delivery of this Agreement and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby, from the date of the Most Recent Company Balance Sheet to the date of this Agreement, the businesses of the Company and the Company Subsidiaries have been conducted in all material respects in the ordinary course of business (other than with respect to any Pandemic Measures), and neither the Company nor any Company Subsidiary has undertaken any action that if proposed to be taken after the date of this Agreement would require Parent’s consent pursuant to Sections 4.1(a)(i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (vi), (viii), (xi), (xii), (xiv), (xvi), (xxiii), or clause (xxiv) or, as it relates to any of the foregoing clauses, Section 4.1(a)(xxv).
2.9Intellectual Property and Related Matters.
(a)Part 2.9(a) of the Company Disclosure Schedule sets forth a true, correct and complete list as of the date of this Agreement, of all Company IP that is Registered IP (collectively, the “Company Registered IP”), including for each item (i) the current owner; (ii) the jurisdiction of application or registration; (iii) the application or registration number, and, where applicable, the title; and (iv) the date of filing or of registration.
(b)To the knowledge of the Company, the material Company Registered IP is valid (or in the case of applications, applied for), subsisting and enforceable; and to the knowledge of the Company, none of the material Company Registered IP has lapsed or been abandoned or cancelled (other than on the expiration of the full term for such Registered IP). Since January 1, 2017, neither the Company nor any Company Subsidiary has received any notice or claim challenging the validity of enforceability of any material Company Registered IP or indicating an
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intention on the part of any Person to bring a claim that any of the Company Registered IP is invalid or unenforceable, and there is currently no Legal Proceeding pending or threatened in writing, in which the validity, enforceability or ownership of any Company Registered IP is being contested or challenged. All of the registrations and pending applications to Governmental Entities or regulatory bodies with respect to any material Company Registered IP have been timely and duly filed, prosecution for such applications has been attended to, all maintenance and related fees have been paid, and the Company and Company Subsidiaries have taken all other actions required to maintain their validity and effectiveness.
(c)All material Company IP is owned exclusively by the Company or a Company Subsidiary free and clear of all Liens other than Company Permitted Encumbrances. The Company and the Company Subsidiaries are duly licensed under or are otherwise authorized to use all material Third Party Intellectual Property used in, held for use in or necessary for the conduct of the businesses of the Company and the Company Subsidiaries, and such material Third Party Intellectual Property, together with the material Company IP, collectively constitutes all of the Intellectual Property that is necessary for the conduct of the businesses of the Company and the Company Subsidiaries as it has been conducted in the twelve (12) months prior to the date of this Agreement. All such material licensed Third Party Intellectual Property will not cease to be valid and enforceable rights of the Company or Company Subsidiaries, as applicable, by reason of the execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement or by any ancillary agreements executed in connection with this Agreement or the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby.
(d)Neither the Company nor any Company Subsidiary is subject to any outstanding Order that restricts in any material manner the use, transfer or licensing of any material Company IP. The execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement, and the Closing, will not, with or without notice or the lapse of time, result in or give any other Person the right or option to cause, or otherwise result in (i) a loss of, or Lien on, any material Company IP or material Parent IP; (ii) a material breach of, material termination of, or material acceleration or material modification of any right under any Contract listed or required to be listed in Part 2.9(k) of the Company Disclosure Schedule; (iii) the release, disclosure, or delivery of any material Company IP by or to any escrow agent or other Person; or (iv) the grant, assignment or transfer to any other Person of any license or other right or interest under, to or in any of the material Company IP or material Parent IP.
(e)To the knowledge of the Company, the operations of the businesses of the Company and the Company Subsidiaries as currently conducted, including the Company’s and the Company Subsidiaries’ design, manufacture, provision, and sale of any Company Products, do not infringe, misappropriate or otherwise violate, and, since January 1, 2017, have not infringed, misappropriated or otherwise violated, any Intellectual Property owned by any other Person. No Legal Proceeding is pending or threatened in writing against the Company or any Company Subsidiary, and there have been no written complaints, claims or notices received by the Company or any Company Subsidiary since January 1, 2017, alleging any infringement, misappropriation or violation of any Intellectual Property of any other Person by the Company or any Company Subsidiary. No written requests or demands for indemnification or defense as a result of a claim that a Company Product infringes Third Party Intellectual Property has been received by the Company or any Company Subsidiary from any third Person since January 1,
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2017 that have resulted, or could reasonably be expected to result, in material liability to the Company or a Company Subsidiary. To the knowledge of the Company, there is no unauthorized use, unauthorized disclosure, infringement or misappropriation of any material Company IP by any third Person. Since January 1, 2017, neither Company nor any Company Subsidiary has brought any Legal Proceeding against any other Person, or provided any other Person with written notice, alleging any Person is infringing, misappropriating or otherwise violating any material Company IP.
(f)Neither the Company nor any Company Subsidiary has received any material support, funding, resources or assistance from any government entities, or from any university, college, other academic institutions, or non-profit research centers (other than in connection with customer agreements in the ordinary course of business) in the development of any (i) Company Product or (ii) Software or other Technology of the Company and the Company Subsidiaries, in each case (i) and (ii) that resulted in, or is reasonably expected to result in, such third parties being granted any rights or licenses to, or ownership interest in, any material Company IP.
(g)(i) Neither the Company nor any Company Subsidiary is nor has ever been a member of, a contributor to, or in any way affiliated with, any industry standards organization, body, working group, patent pool, trade association, or similar organization, and (ii) neither the Company nor any Company Subsidiary, nor any material Company IP is subject to any licensing, assignment, contribution, disclosure, or other requirements or restrictions of any industry standards organization, body, working group, patent pool, trade association, or similar organization.
(h)The Company and each Company Subsidiary have taken commercially reasonable steps to protect all Trade Secrets that are material to the Company or the Company Subsidiaries and, to the knowledge of the Company, there have been no unauthorized uses or disclosures of any such material Trade Secrets. Each current and former employee of, and each current and former consultant to, the Company or any Company Subsidiary, in each case, who has been engaged in the development of any (i) Company Product, or (ii) material Software or other material Technology of the Company and the Company Subsidiaries, has entered into a valid and enforceable proprietary information and invention assignment agreement with the Company or a Company Subsidiary for whom such employee or consultant provides or provided services containing an assignment to the Company or the Company Subsidiaries, as applicable, of all Intellectual Property in such Person’s contribution to the Company IP except to the extent such Intellectual Property is not legally assignable, and the Company and Company Subsidiaries have obtained waivers of all non-assignable rights. Since January 1, 2017, to the knowledge of the Company, no such employee or consultant has materially violated such agreement or otherwise misappropriated any Trade Secret that constitutes material Company IP. No Person has notified the Company or any Company Subsidiary in writing that it is claiming any ownership of or right to use any material Company IP (other than the right to use Company IP expressly granted to such Person under a Contract with the Company or a Company Subsidiary).
(i)Neither the Company nor any Company Subsidiary is in breach of any material terms or conditions of any relevant Open Source Licenses for Open Source incorporated into the material proprietary Software of the Company or the Company Subsidiaries, including notice and attribution obligations. No Software that is material Company IP is subject to any “copyleft” or
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other obligation or condition (including any obligation or condition under any “open source” license such as the GNU Public License, Lesser GNU Public License, or Mozilla Public License) that (i) requires, or conditions the use or distribution of such Software on, (A) the disclosure, licensing, or distribution of the source code for such Software or portion thereof or (B) the granting to licensees of the right to make derivative works or other modifications to such Software or portion thereof; (ii) imposes any restriction on the consideration to be charged for the distribution thereof; (iii) creates, or purports to create, obligations for Company or any Company Subsidiary with respect to any such Software or grants, or purports to grant, to any third party, any rights or immunities under any such Software; or (iv) imposes any other material limitation, restriction, or condition on the right of Company or any Company Subsidiary with respect to its use or distribution.
(j)To the knowledge of the Company, any Software or firmware incorporated in or provided with the products, and any media used to distribute it, contain at delivery no computer instructions, circuitry or other technological means whose purpose or effect is to disrupt, damage or negatively interfere with any use of any customer’s computer and communications facilities or equipment (“Harmful Code”), and Company and the Company Subsidiaries have used reasonable best efforts to prevent the introduction of such Harmful Code to all Software, firmware and media distributed or sold by the Company and the Company Subsidiaries. “Harmful Code” includes (a) any instrumentality that could cause the Software or firmware to fail to be operative upon command of or by design by the Company or the Company Subsidiaries, and (b) any code containing viruses, trojan horses, worms, or like destructive code or code that self-replicates. Neither the Company nor any Company Subsidiary has entered into any agreement requiring the Company or the Company Subsidiary to place the Software source code or any other material Company IP in escrow so that a licensee might obtain access to it upon the occurrence of any release condition.
(k)Part 2.9(k) of the Company Disclosure Schedule sets forth a true, correct and complete list as of the date of this Agreement of, (i) all Contracts pursuant to which a third Person has licensed (including covenants not to sue) to the Company or a Company Subsidiary any material Intellectual Property, or licenses to IP blocks included in Company Products (other than Open Source Licenses and licenses to Generally Available Software) (“In-Bound Licenses”); and (ii) each Contract pursuant to which the Company has granted to any third Person any right or license (including covenants not to sue) to any material Company IP (other than non-exclusive licenses granted in the ordinary course in connection with the sale or use of any Company Products) (“Out-Bound Licenses” and, together with the In-Bound Licenses, the “Company IP Licenses”). Neither the Company nor any Company Subsidiary is bound by, and no material Company IP is subject to, any Contract containing any covenant or other provision that in any way limits or restricts the ability of the Company or a Company Subsidiary to use, exploit, assert, or enforce any of its material Intellectual Property in any material respect anywhere in the world. Without limiting the foregoing, neither the Company nor any Company Subsidiary has granted any exclusive licenses to any material Company IP.
(l)(i) The Company and each Company Subsidiary is in compliance, and has since January 1, 2017 complied, with all applicable Legal Requirements and Privacy and Security Laws regarding Business Data; (ii) neither the Company nor any Company Subsidiary has, since January 1, 2017, received any written notice from any applicable Governmental Entity alleging
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any violation of Legal Requirements regarding Business Data by the Company or any Company Subsidiary, nor has the Company or any of the Company Subsidiaries been threatened in writing to be charged with any such violation by any Governmental Entity; (iii) the Company and each Company Subsidiary, has, since January 1, 2017, taken reasonable steps (including, as appropriate, implementing reasonable technical, physical or administrative safeguards) designed to protect Business Data in their possession or under their control against loss and unauthorized access, use, modification or disclosure, and, to the knowledge of the Company, neither the Company nor any Company Subsidiary has suffered a material Data Security Incident; and (iv) the Company and each Company Subsidiary, has, since January 1, 2017, taken reasonable steps with respect to all third party service providers, outsourcers, processors or other third parties who process, store or otherwise handle Business Data for or on behalf of the Company and the Company Subsidiaries (each, a “Data Service Provider”) to obligate such Persons to take steps to protect and secure Business Data from loss or unauthorized use, access, modification or disclosure, and, to the knowledge of the Company, no Data Service Provider has suffered a material Data Security Incident.
(m)The Company and each Company Subsidiary at all times have posted the applicable Company Privacy Policy(ies) on each of their websites, applications, and other online services (“Company Sites”), in a manner readily available to visitors and current and potential users and customers and in compliance with all Privacy and Security Laws. No statement on any Company Site, or in any Company Privacy Policy, has been misleading, deceptive, or in violation of any Privacy and Security Law. The Company and each of the Company Subsidiaries materially complies and has complied at all times with all Company Privacy Policies, all Privacy and Security Laws, all filings, registrations, and certifications made with respect to such Privacy and Security Law and, to the extent applicable, the Payment Card Industry Data Security Standards with respect to any payment card data that the Company has collected, processed, or handled. The execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement complies and will comply with all Privacy and Security Laws and the Company’s and each of the Company Subsidiaries’ applicable published privacy policies in each case.
(n)There is not and has not been any Legal Proceeding against, or to the Company’s Knowledge, investigation (formal or informal) of the Company or any Company Subsidiaries, by any private party, the Federal Trade Commission, any state attorneys general, or any other Governmental Entity, with respect to the collection, storage, hosting, use, disclosure, transmission, transfer, disposal, possession, interception, other processing or security of any Business Data. To the knowledge of the Company, there are no facts or circumstances that could constitute a reasonable basis for such Legal Proceeding against or investigation of the Company or any Company Subsidiary. There has been no Order or government or third-party settlement affecting the collection, storage, hosting, use, disclosure, transmission, transfer, disposal, possession, interception, other processing or security of any Business Data by or for the Company or any Company Subsidiary.
(o)The Company and the Company Subsidiaries each have written agreements in place with all Data Service Providers in which each Data Service Provider has provided guarantees, warranties, or covenants in relation to processing of Business Data, confidentiality, and security measures, and has agreed to comply with those obligations in a manner sufficient for the Company’s compliance with Privacy and Security Laws. To the extent the subject of such
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agreements relates to the processing of Personal Data on behalf of the Company or any Company Subsidiaries, each Contract contains all material contractual provisions required under the Privacy and Security Laws, including but not limited to contractual provisions regarding the use, disclosure and retention of Personal Data.
(p)The information technology systems used by the Company and any Company Subsidiaries (“IT Systems”) are designed, implemented, operated and maintained in accordance with customary industry standards and practices for entities operating businesses similar to the business of the Company and the Company Subsidiaries, including with the respect to redundancy, reliability, scalability and security, and constitute all the information and communications technology and other systems infrastructure reasonably necessary to carry on the business of the Company and Company Subsidiaries as conducted since January 1, 2017. The Company and each Company Subsidiary have materially complied with all data security requirements under the Privacy and Security Laws, including, but not limited to: (i) conducting regular network monitoring and/or system vulnerability scans of the IT Systems; (ii) maintaining a comprehensive written information security program covering the IT Systems; (iii) utilizing all physical, administrative and technical safeguards applicable to the Company or any Company Subsidiaries under the Privacy and Security Laws, including, multifactor authentication and encryption, to protect Business Data contained in the IT Systems; and (iv) certifying compliance with such requirements to a Governmental Entity where required under applicable Privacy and Security Laws. Without limiting the foregoing, (i) the Company and the Company Subsidiaries have taken reasonable steps and implemented reasonable procedures to ensure that their IT Systems are free from malicious code, and (ii) the Company and the Company Subsidiaries have in effect industry standard disaster recovery plans, procedures and facilities for their business and have taken all reasonable steps to safeguard the security and the integrity of their IT Systems. There has been no material failure, breakdown, loss or impairment of, or any unauthorized intrusions or breaches of the security with respect to the IT Systems that (i) has resulted in a material disruption or material interruption in the operation of the business of the Company or any Company Subsidiary or (ii) to the knowledge of the Company, has resulted in a material Data Security Incident. The IT Systems currently used by the Company are in good working condition and operate and perform as necessary to conduct all business operations of the Company. All Business Data will continue to be available by the Company following the Closing on substantially the same terms and conditions as existed immediately before the Closing.
2.10Title to Assets; Real Property. The Company or a Company Subsidiary owns, and has good and marketable title to, or in the case of assets purported to be leased by the Company or a Company Subsidiary, leases and has valid leasehold interest in, each of the material tangible assets owned or leased by the Company or a Company Subsidiary, free and clear of all Liens (other than Company Permitted Encumbrances). The Company or a Company Subsidiary does not own any real property. Either the Company or a Company Subsidiary has a good and valid binding leasehold interest in each material property leased, subleased or other material agreement under which the Company or any Company Subsidiary uses or occupies or has the right to use or occupy any real property (such real property, collectively, the “Company Leased Real Property”), in each case pursuant to a written lease, sublease, license, or other use or occupancy agreement, in each case that is a valid and binding obligation of the Company or a Company Subsidiary and, to the knowledge of the Company, each other party thereto, and (i)
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none of the Company or any Company Subsidiary is in default of any provision of any such lease, except for such defaults which would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to be material to the Company and (ii) the Company has delivered to the Acquisition Subs a true, correct and complete copy of each such material lease. All buildings, structures, improvements, fixtures, building systems and improvements situated on the Company Leased Real Property comprise all of the material real property used in the conduct of the business of the Company or the Company Subsidiaries.
2.11Contracts. Part 2.11 of the Company Disclosure Schedule contains a list as of the date of this Agreement of each of the following Contracts to which the Company or a Company Subsidiary is a party (each such Contract (x) required to be listed in Part 2.11 of the Company Disclosure Schedule, (y) that is a Company IP License, or (z) that is required to be filed as a “material contract” (as such term is defined in Item 601(b)(10) of Regulation S-K under the Exchange Act) as an exhibit to the Most Recent Company 10-K/A under the Exchange Act (other than any Company Plan), being referred to as a “Material Contract”):
(a)each Contract that restricts in any material respect the ability of the Company, any Company Subsidiary or any Affiliate of any of them to (i) engage or compete in any geographic area or line of business, market or field, or to develop, sell, supply, manufacture, market, distribute, or support any material product or service, or to make use of any Company IP, including any grants by the Company or any Company Subsidiary of exclusive rights or licenses, (ii) transact with any Person or (iii) solicit any client or customer (or that would so restrict Parent, any Parent Subsidiary or any Affiliate of any of them following the Closing);
(b)each joint venture agreement, partnership agreement or similar agreement with a third party;
(c)each Contract (other than any Organizational Document) between the Company or any Company Subsidiary, on the one hand, and any director, officer or Affiliate of the Company or any Company Subsidiary or any of their respective “associates” or “immediate family” members (as such terms are defined in Rule 12b2 and Rule 16a-1 of the Exchange Act), on the other hand, including (but not limited to) any Contract pursuant to which the Company or any Company Subsidiary has an obligation to indemnify such director, officer, Affiliate or “associate” or “immediate family” member, but excluding any Company Plan;
(d)each Contract evidencing indebtedness for money borrowed by the Company or any Company Subsidiary from a third party lender, and each Contract pursuant to which any such indebtedness for borrowed money is guaranteed by the Company or any Company Subsidiary, in each case in excess of $250,000;
(e)each Contract expressly limiting or restricting the ability of the Company or any Company Subsidiary (i) to make distributions or declare or pay dividends in respect of their capital stock, partnership interests, membership interests or other equity interests, as the case may be, (ii) to pledge their capital stock or other equity interests, (iii) to issue any guaranty, (iv) to make loans to the Company or any Company Subsidiary, or (v) to grant Liens on the property of the Company or any Company Subsidiary;
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(f)each Contract that obligates the Company or any Company Subsidiary to make any loans, advances or capital contributions to, or investments in, any Person;
(g)each Contract that grants any right of first refusal, first notice, first negotiation or right of first offer or similar right with respect to any assets, rights or properties of the Company or any Company Subsidiary, taken as a whole;
(h)each Contract or series of related Contracts (excluding (i) purchase orders given or received in the ordinary course of business and (ii) Contracts between the Company and any wholly owned Company Subsidiary or among any wholly owned Company Subsidiaries) under which the Company or any Company Subsidiary (A) paid in excess of $250,000 in fiscal year 2021 or (B) received in excess of $250,000 in fiscal year 2021;
(i)each material “single source” supply Contract pursuant to which goods or materials are supplied to the Company or a Company Subsidiary from a sole source;
(j)each Contract containing any “take or pay”, minimum commitments or similar provisions;
(k)each collective bargaining or other labor or works council agreement covering employees of the Company or a Company Subsidiary;
(l)each lease involving real property pursuant to which the Company or any Company Subsidiary is required to pay a monthly base rental in excess of $250,000;
(m)each lease or rental Contract involving personal property (and not relating primarily to real property) pursuant to which the Company or any Company Subsidiary is required to make rental payments in excess of $150,000 per month (excluding leases or rental Contracts for office equipment entered into in the ordinary course of business);
(n)each Contract relating to the acquisition, sale or disposition of any business unit or product line of the Company or any Company Subsidiary and with any outstanding obligations that are material to the Company and the Company Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, as of the date of this Agreement;
(o)each Contract (i)(A) between the Company or any Company Subsidiary and any Governmental Entity or (B) between the Company or any Company Subsidiary, as a subcontractor and any prime contractor to any Governmental Entity or (ii) financed by any Governmental entity and subject to the rules and regulations of any Governmental Entity concerning procurement;
(p)each Contract with any “most favored nation” provision or that otherwise requires the Company or any Company Subsidiary (or, following the Closing, would require Parent or any Parent Subsidiary) to conduct business with any Person on a preferential or exclusive basis or that includes a price protection or rebate provision in favor of the counterparty to such Contract, excluding, for clarity, commissions payable with respect to the sale of Insurance Contracts;
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(q)each settlement agreement entered into since January 1, 2019 (i) with a Governmental Entity, (ii) that requires the Company or any Company Subsidiary to pay more than $250,000 after the date of this Agreement or (iii) that imposes any material restrictions on the business of the Company or any Company Subsidiary;
(r)each Contract with any Top Producer of the Company and its Subsidiaries;
(s)each Reinsurance Agreement; and
(t)each Contract relating to the creation of a Lien (other than Company Permitted Encumbrances) with respect to any material asset of the Company or any Company Subsidiary.
There are no existing breaches or defaults on the part of the Company or any Company Subsidiary under any Material Contract, and, to the knowledge of the Company, there are no existing breaches or defaults on the part of any other Person under any Material Contract, in each case except where such breaches or defaults would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably expected to be material to the Company and the Company Subsidiaries, taken as a whole. No event has occurred or not occurred through the Company’s or any Company Subsidiary’s action or inaction or, to the knowledge of the Company, through the action or inaction of any third party, that, with notice or the lapse of time or both, would constitute a breach of or default under the terms of any Material Contract, in each case except where such breaches or defaults, individually or in the aggregate, has not been and would not reasonably be expected to be material to the Company and the Company Subsidiaries, taken as a whole. Each Material Contract is valid, has not been terminated other than in accordance with the terms and conditions of such Material Contract, is enforceable against the Company or the applicable Company Subsidiary that is a party to such Material Contract, and, to the knowledge of the Company, is enforceable against the other parties thereto, in each case subject to the Bankruptcy and Equity Exception, except as, individually or in the aggregate, has not and would not reasonably be expected to be material to the Company and the Company Subsidiaries, taken as a whole. Prior to the date of this Agreement, the Company has made available to Parent true, correct and complete copies of each Material Contract in effect as of the date of this Agreement, together with all material amendments and supplements thereto in effect as of the date of this Agreement. None of the Company or any Company Subsidiary has any outstanding material disputes with a Top Supplier. No Top Supplier to the Company or a Company Subsidiary has materially modified any Contract with the Company or any Company Subsidiary or canceled, terminated, materially reduced the scale of its business conducted with the Company or any Company Subsidiary, given notice to the Company or any Company Subsidiary of any intention to materially modify any Contract with the Company or any Company Subsidiary or to cancel, terminate or materially reduce the scale of its business conducted with the Company or any Company Subsidiary, or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened to do any of the foregoing or, to the knowledge of the Company, been threatened with bankruptcy or insolvency.
2.12Compliance with Legal Requirements.
(a)The Company and the Company Subsidiaries are, and since January 1, 2019 have been, in compliance with all Legal Requirements applicable to them and their businesses, except where the failure to comply with such Legal Requirements, individually or in the aggregate, has
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not been or would not reasonably be expected to be material to the Company and the Company Subsidiaries, taken as a whole. Neither the Company nor any Company Subsidiary has, during the three (3)-year period prior to the date of this Agreement (i) to the knowledge of the Company, received any written notice or verbal notice from any Governmental Entity regarding any material violation by the Company or any Company Subsidiaries of any Legal Requirement; or (ii) provided any notice to any Governmental Entity regarding any material violation by the Company or any Company Subsidiary of any Legal Requirement.
(b)The Company and the Company Subsidiaries hold, and have at all times since January 1, 2019 held, all material Governmental Authorizations necessary for the lawful operation of the businesses of the Company and the Company Subsidiaries, and have filed all tariffs, reports, notices and other documents with all Governmental Entities necessary for the Company and the Company Subsidiaries to own, lease and operate their properties and assets and to carry on their businesses as currently conducted (the “Company Permits”) and have paid all fees and assessments due and payable in connection therewith, except where the failure to have, file, pay or hold such Company Permits has not had and would not reasonably be expected to be material to the Company and the Company Subsidiaries, taken as a whole. Except as would not reasonably be expected to be material to the Company and the Company Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, (i) all Company Permits are valid and in full force and effect, are not subject to any administrative or judicial proceeding that could result in any modification, termination or revocation thereof and, to the knowledge of the Company, no suspension or cancellation of any such Company Permit is threatened; and (ii) the Company and each Company Subsidiary is in compliance with the terms and requirements of all Company Permits.
(c)Part 2.12(c) of the Company Disclosure Schedule sets forth a true and complete list, by Company Insurance Subsidiary, of all jurisdictions in which each such Company Insurance Subsidiary is licensed or authorized to write insurance business as of the date hereof.
(d)The Company and each Company Subsidiary have at all times since January 1, 2019 complied in all material respects with applicable Sanctions Laws and Export Control Laws. Neither the Company or any Company Subsidiary has been the subject of or otherwise involved in investigations or enforcement actions by any Governmental Entity or other Legal Proceedings with respect to any actual or alleged violations of Export Control Laws or Sanctions Laws, and neither the Company or any Company Subsidiary has been notified in writing of any such pending or threatened actions. Neither the Company nor any Company Subsidiary, nor any director, officer or employee, nor to the knowledge of the Company, any independent contractor, consultant, agent or other person acting on behalf of the Company or any Company Subsidiary, is a Prohibited Person or is subject to debarment or any list-based designations under the Export Control Laws. Since January 1, 2019, the Company and the Company Subsidiaries have secured and maintained all necessary permits, registrations, agreements or other authorizations, including amendments thereof pursuant to the Export Control Laws or Sanctions Laws, including for (i) the export, import and re-export of its products, services, software and technologies, and (ii) releases of technologies and software to foreign nationals located in the United States and abroad (the “Export Approvals”), and each of the Company and the Company Subsidiaries is and, since January 1, 2019, has been in compliance in all material respects with the terms of all Export Approvals. To the knowledge of the Company, there are no pending or threatened claims against the Company or any Company Subsidiary with respect to such Export Approvals.
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(e)None of the officers, directors, employees or majority owners of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a foreign or domestic Government Official.
2.13Legal Proceedings; Investigations; Orders.
(a)Other than ordinary course claims and related Legal Proceedings or ordinary course claims and related Legal Proceedings in connection with Insurance Contracts issued by any Company Insurance Subsidiary, there is no Legal Proceeding pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened against the Company or any Company Subsidiary or affecting any of their respective properties or assets that (i) would adversely affect the Company’s or any Company Subsidiary’s ability to perform any of its obligations under, or consummate any of the transactions contemplated by, this Agreement; or (ii) individually or in the aggregate, has been or would reasonably be expected to be material to the Company and the Company Subsidiaries, taken as a whole.
(b)There are no subpoenas, civil investigative demands or other written requests for information issued by a Governmental Entity to the Company or any Company Subsidiary relating to potential or actual violations of any Legal Requirement that are pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened, or, to the knowledge of the Company, any governmental investigations of the Company or any Company Subsidiary, or any of their respective properties, relating to violations of any Legal Requirement that, individually or in the aggregate, has been or would reasonably be expected to be material to the Company and the Company Subsidiaries, taken as a whole.
(c)There is no Order under which the Company or any Company Subsidiary is subject to ongoing obligations that, individually or in the aggregate, has been or would reasonably be expected to be material to the Company and the Company Subsidiaries, taken as a whole.
2.14Certain Business Practices. Since January 1, 2019, neither the Company nor any Company Subsidiary, nor any director or officer or, to the knowledge of the Company, any employee, agent or other person acting on behalf of the Company or any Company Subsidiary has, directly or indirectly, (a) violated or taken any action that would result in a violation of any provision of the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, as amended, the UK Bribery Act of 2010 or its predecessor laws, or any other Legal Requirements concerning corrupt payments applicable to the Company or any Company Subsidiary (collectively, the “Anti-Corruption Laws”) or (b) (i) used, offered to use or authorized the use of any funds of the Company or a Company Subsidiary for unlawful contributions, unlawful gifts or unlawful entertainment, or for other unlawful payments, related to political activity or otherwise; (ii) made, offered to make or authorized any unlawful payment to foreign or domestic Government Officials or employees or to foreign or domestic political parties or campaigns from funds of the Company or any Company Subsidiary; (iii) established or maintained any unlawful fund of monies or other assets of the Company or any Company Subsidiary; (iv) made any inaccurate entry on the books or records of the Company or any Company Subsidiary; or (v) made, offered to make or authorized any bribe, unlawful rebate, unlawful payoff, unlawful influence payment, unlawful kickback or other unlawful payment to any person, private or public, in any form. Neither the Company nor any Company Subsidiary is or within the past three (3) years has been (i) to the knowledge of the
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Company, under external or internal investigation by any Governmental Entity for any potential or actual violation of any AntiCorruption Laws or (ii) has received any written or other notice from any Governmental Entity regarding any potential or actual violation of, or failure to comply with, any AntiCorruption Laws. Since January 1, 2019, neither the Company nor any Company Subsidiary has made any disclosure (voluntary or otherwise) to any Governmental Entity with respect to any alleged irregularity, misstatement or omission or other violation or liability arising under or relating to any potential Anti-Corruption Laws.
2.15Tax Matters.
(a)Except as would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Company Material Adverse Effect:
(i)The Company and the Company Subsidiaries have timely filed (taking into account any extension of time within which to file) all Tax Returns that are required to be filed by or with respect to any of them (the “Company Returns”) and all such Company Returns are true, correct and complete.
(ii)The Company and the Company Subsidiaries have timely paid in full to the appropriate Governmental Entity all Taxes required to be paid by any of them (whether or not shown on any Tax Return), have established adequate accruals and reserves, in accordance with GAAP, on the financial statements included in the Company SEC Documents for all Taxes payable by the Company and the Company Subsidiaries for all taxable periods and portions thereof through the date of such financial statements.
(iii)Each of the Company and the Company Subsidiaries has (i) timely paid, deducted, withheld and collected all amounts required to be paid, deducted, withheld or collected by any of them with respect to any payment owing to, or received from, their employees, creditors, independent contractors, customers and other third parties (and have timely paid over any amounts so withheld, deducted or collected to the appropriate Governmental Entity) and (ii) otherwise complied with all applicable Legal Requirements relating to the withholding, collection and remittance of Taxes (including information reporting requirements).
(iv)No claim has been made in writing by any taxing authority in a jurisdiction where the Company or any Company Subsidiary has not filed a Tax Return of a particular type that the Company or any Company Subsidiary is or may be subject to Tax by, or required to file Tax Returns in, such jurisdiction with respect to Taxes that are the subject to such Tax Return.
(v)Neither the Company nor any Company Subsidiary will be required to include an item of income (or exclude an item of deduction) in any taxable period (or portion thereof) beginning after the Closing Date as a result of (i) a change in, or use of improper, method of accounting occurring prior to the Closing Date, (ii) a prepaid amount received or paid (or deferred revenue accrued) outside of the ordinary course of business prior to the Closing Date, or (iii) as a result of having entered into a “gain recognition agreement” within the meaning of Treasury Regulation Section 1.367(a)-8.
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Neither the Company nor any Company Subsidiary has made an election pursuant to Section 965(h) of the Code.
(vi)Neither the Company nor any Company Subsidiary is the subject of any currently ongoing Tax audit or other proceeding with respect to Taxes nor has any audit or other proceeding with respect to Taxes been proposed against any of them in writing, and any deficiencies asserted or assessments made as a result of any audit or other proceeding with respect to Taxes have been paid in full, are being contested in good faith, or adequate accruals or reserves for such deficiencies or assessments have been established in accordance with GAAP on the financial statements included in the Company SEC Documents. 
(vii)There are no Liens in respect of or on account of Taxes upon any of the property or assets of the Company or any Company Subsidiary, except for Taxes not yet due and payable.
(viii)Neither the Company nor any of the Company Subsidiaries (i) is or has been a member of any affiliated, combined, consolidated, unitary or similar group for purposes of filing Tax Returns or paying Taxes, except for any such group of which the Company is the common parent or (ii) has any liability for Taxes of any Person (other than the Company or any Company Subsidiary) under Treasury Regulations Section 1.1502-6 (or any similar state, local or non-U.S. Legal Requirement) or as a transferee or successor.
(ix)Neither the Company nor any Company Subsidiary is a party to or bound by, or has any obligation under, any Tax indemnity, sharing, allocation, or reimbursement agreement or arrangement, other than (i) customary tax provisions in ordinary course commercial agreements, the principal purpose of which is not related to Taxes; and (ii) any agreement or arrangement solely between or among the Company and/or the Company Subsidiaries.
(x)Neither the Company nor any Company Subsidiary is bound with respect to the current or any future taxable period by any closing agreement (within the meaning of Section 7121(a) of the Code or any similar or analogous state, local or non-U.S. Legal Requirement) or other ruling or written agreement with a Tax authority, in each case, with respect to Taxes.
(xi)Neither the Company nor any Company Subsidiary (i) has filed any extension of time within which to file any Tax Returns that have not been filed, except in the ordinary course of business, (ii) has entered into any agreement or other arrangement waiving or extending the statute of limitations or the period of assessment or collection of any Taxes, (iii) has granted any power of attorney that is in force with respect to any matters relating to any Taxes, (iv) has applied for a ruling from a taxing authority relating to any Taxes that has not been granted or has proposed to enter into an agreement with a taxing authority that is pending or (v) has been issued any private letter rulings, technical advice memoranda or similar agreement or rulings by any Tax authority.
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(xii)Neither the Company nor any Company Subsidiary has participated in any “listed transaction” within the meaning of Treasury Regulations Section 1.6011-4(b)(2) (or any similar state, local or non-U.S. Legal Requirement).
(b)Neither the Company nor any Company Subsidiary has constituted a “distributing corporation” or a “controlled corporation” (within the meaning of Section 355(a)(1)(A) of the Code) in a distribution of stock intended to qualify for tax-free treatment under Section 355 of the Code or otherwise as part of a plan (or series of related transactions), within the meaning of Section 355(e) of the Code, that includes the Mergers, in the two (2) years prior to the date of this Agreement.
(c)Neither the Company nor any Company Subsidiary has knowledge of any facts, agreements, plans or other circumstances or has taken or agreed to take any action that would reasonably be expected to prevent or impede the Mergers, taken together, from qualifying for the Intended Tax Treatment.
2.16Employee Benefit Plans.
(a)Part 2.16(a) of the Company Disclosure Schedule sets forth a list of all Company Plans as of the date of this Agreement. Part 2.16(a) of the Company Disclosure Schedule separately identifies each Company Plan that is governed by the laws of any jurisdiction other than the United States or provides compensation or benefits to any employee or former employee of the Company or any Company Subsidiary (or any dependent thereof) who resides outside of the United States (each, a “Foreign Plan”).
(b)The Company has made available to Parent copies of, to the extent applicable (i) the plan document for each material Company Plan; (ii) the most recent annual reports (Form Series 5500 and all schedules and financial statements attached thereto) with respect to each Company Plan; (iii) the most recent summary plan description with respect to each Company Plan; (iv) the most recent IRS determination or opinion letter issued with respect to each Company Plan intended to be qualified under Section 401(a) of the Code; and (v) all material correspondence from any Governmental Entity regarding any active or threatened Legal Proceeding regarding any Company Plan.
(c)No Company Plan is, and neither the Company nor any Company Subsidiary contributes to, has at any time in the previous six (6) years contributed to or has any liability or obligation, whether fixed or contingent, with respect to (i) a multiemployer plan, as defined in Section 3(37) of ERISA, (ii) a single employer plan or other pension plan that is subject to Title IV of ERISA or Section 302 of ERISA or Section 412 of the Code, (iii) a multiple employer plan (within the meaning of Section 413(c) of the Code), (iv) a multiple employer welfare arrangement (within the meaning of Section 3(40) of ERISA), or (v) voluntary employee benefit association under Section 501(a)(9) of the Code. No Company Plan is a defined benefit pension plan or scheme.
(d)Each Company Plan that is intended to be qualified under Section 401(a) of the Code is so qualified and has received a favorable determination letter (or opinion letter, if applicable) from the IRS stating that such Company Plan is so qualified and nothing has occurred since the date of issuance of such letter that would reasonably be expected to adversely affect the
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qualified status of such Company Plan. Each Company Plan has been operated in material compliance with its terms and with all applicable Legal Requirements in all material respects. Without limiting the foregoing, no liability under Title IV of ERISA has been incurred by the Company or any Commonly Controlled Entity that has not been satisfied in full and, to the knowledge of the Company, no condition exists that presents risk to the Company of incurring a material liability under such Title.
(e)Neither the execution and delivery of this Agreement nor the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby will (either alone or together with any other event) (i) entitle any current or former employee, officer, director or independent contractor of the Company or any Company Subsidiary to any payment or benefit under any Company Plan; (ii) increase the amount of any compensation or other benefits otherwise payable by the Company or any Company Subsidiary under any Company Plan; (iii) result in the acceleration of the time of payment, funding or vesting of any compensation or other benefits under any Company Plan; (iv) result in any breach or violation of or default under or limit the Company’s or the Parent’s right to amend, modify or terminate any Company Plan; or (v) result in any “excess parachute payment” (within the meaning of Section 280G of the Code) becoming due to any current or former employee, officer, director or independent contractor of the Company or any Company Subsidiary. No Company Plan provides for any gross-up, make-whole or other similar payment or benefit in respect of any taxes under Section 4999 of the Code or Section 409A of the Code.
(f)Each Company Plan has been maintained and operated in documentary and operational compliance in all material respects with Section 409A of the Code or an available exemption therefrom. No material Tax penalties or additional Taxes have been imposed or would be reasonably expected to be imposed on any employee, as a result of a failure to comply with Section 409A of the Code with respect to any Company Plan that is a “nonqualified deferred compensation plan” within the meaning of Section 409A of the Code.
(g)The Company is in compliance in all material respects with (i) the applicable requirements of Section 4980B of the Code and any similar state law and (ii) the applicable requirements of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010, as amended. No Company Plan provides health, medical or other welfare benefits after retirement or other termination of employment (other than for continuation coverage required under Section 4980B(f) of the Code).
(h)With respect to each Foreign Plan, (i) such Foreign Plan has been maintained, funded and administered in material compliance with applicable laws and the requirements of such Foreign Plan’s governing documents and any applicable collective bargaining or other works council agreements, and (ii) such Foreign Plan has obtained from the Governmental Entity having jurisdiction with respect to such Foreign Plan any required determinations, if any, that such Foreign Plan is in compliance in all material respects with the applicable Legal Requirements of the relevant jurisdiction if such determinations are required in order to give effect to such Foreign Plan. No Foreign Plan has unfunded liabilities that will not be offset by insurance or that are not fully accrued on the financial statements of the Company.
2.17Labor Matters.
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(a)Neither the Company nor any Company Subsidiary is a party to, nor does the Company or any Company Subsidiary have a duty to bargain for, any collective bargaining agreement with a labor organization or works council representing any of its employees and, as of the date of this Agreement, there are no labor organizations or works councils representing, purporting to represent or, to the knowledge of the Company, seeking to represent any employees of the Company or any Company Subsidiary.
(b)As of the date of this Agreement in the past three (3) years, there has not been any strike, slowdown, work stoppage, lockout, job action, picketing, material labor dispute, union organizing activity, or any similar activity or dispute, affecting the Company, or to the knowledge of the Company, any threat thereof involving the employees of the Company or any Company Subsidiary. There is not now pending, and, to the knowledge of the Company, no Person has currently threatened in writing to commence, any such strike, slowdown, work stoppage, lockout, job action, picketing, labor dispute or union organizing activity or any similar activity or dispute.
(c)As of the date of this Agreement there is no material Legal Proceeding pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened relating to any employment Contract, wages and hours, mass layoffs or reductions in force, plant closing notification, employment statute or regulation, privacy right, labor dispute, workers’ compensation policy or long-term disability policy, safety, employee classification, child labor, disability, affirmative action, unemployment insurance, secondment, employee leave issues and the payment of social security and other employment-related Taxes, retaliation, immigration or discrimination matters involving any employee of the Company or any Company Subsidiary, including charges of unfair labor practices or harassment complaints, claims or judicial or administrative proceedings, in each case, which are pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened by or on behalf of any current or former employees or other individual service providers of the Company or any Company Subsidiary.
(d)The Company and the Company Subsidiaries are in compliance in all material respects with all applicable Legal Requirements respecting employment and employment practices, terms and conditions of employment of employees, former employees and prospective employees, wages and hours, pay equity, discrimination in employment, wrongful discharge, collective bargaining, mass layoffs or reductions in force, plant closing notification, fair labor standards, occupational health and safety, employee classification, child labor, disability, affirmative action, unemployment insurance, secondment, employee leave issues and the payment of social security and other employment-related Taxes, or any other labor and employment-related Legal Requirements. Neither the Company nor any of the Company Subsidiaries has any material liability under applicable Legal Requirements with respect to any misclassification of any individual in the past three (3) years as an independent contractor or other non-employee for the Company rather than as an employee, with respect to any individual employed, engaged, or leased by the Company or any of its Company Subsidiaries from another employer, or with respect to any misclassification of any employee of the Company as exempt versus non-exempt.
(e)Prior to the date of this Agreement, the Company has made available to Parent a complete and correct list of all employees by name, title or position, status (part-time, full-time,
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exempt, non-exempt); whether paid on a salaried, hourly or other basis; current annual salary; start date; and work location (including city and state for employees in the United States). All employees of the Company or any Company Subsidiary employed at a work location in the United States are authorized to work in the United States under applicable Legal Requirements. Prior to the date of this Agreement, the Company has made available to Parent a complete and correct list of all individual independent contractors of the Company and all “leased employees” (as such term is defined in Section 414(n) of the Code) of the Company by job title; work location (including city and state for employees in the United States); compensatory arrangement; start date; and term of engagement.
(f)Within the last two (2) years, no employee of the Company or any Company Subsidiary has transferred into employment with the Company or any Company Subsidiary by means of a relevant transfer pursuant to the Acquired Rights Directive pursuant to EC Directive no. 2001/23 dated March 12, 2001, as amended from time to time, or domestic legislation implementing such directive into the national applicable law of any country in the EEA, as amended from time to time, or any legislation that has substantially the same effect in any country outside the EEA. For purposes of this Section, “EEA” means European Economic Area, as constituted from time to time, and shall be deemed to include Switzerland.
2.18Environmental Matters. The Company and the Company Subsidiaries are, and since January 1, 2019 have been, in compliance with all applicable Environmental Laws (which compliance includes the possession, and the compliance with the terms and conditions, by the Company and each Company Subsidiary of all Company Permits required under applicable Environmental Laws to conduct their respective business and operations), and there are no investigations, actions, suits or proceedings pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened against the Company or any Company Subsidiary, in each case, except as, individually or in the aggregate, has not constituted or resulted in a Company Material Adverse Effect. During the three (3)-year period prior to the date of this Agreement, neither the Company nor any Company Subsidiary has received any written notice from a Governmental Entity that alleges that the Company or any Company Subsidiary is violating, or has or may have, violated any Environmental Law, or may have any liability or obligation arising under, retained or assumed by contract or by operation of law, except for such violations, liabilities and obligations that would not have, individually or in the aggregate, a Company Material Adverse Effect. Since January 1, 2019, there has been no release of any hazardous materials by the Company or any Company Subsidiary at or from any facilities owned or leased by the Company or any Company Subsidiary or, to the knowledge of the Company, at any other locations where any hazardous materials were generated, manufactured, refined, transferred, stored, produced, imported, used, processed or disposed of by the Company or any Company Subsidiary and, in each case, for which the Company or any Company Subsidiary would reasonably be expected to be subject to any liability, except as, individually or in the aggregate, has not constituted or resulted in a Company Material Adverse Effect. For purposes of this Section 2.18, “Environmental Law” shall mean any Legal Requirement relating to pollution or protection, preservation or restoration of the environment (including air, surface water, groundwater, drinking water supply, surface land, subsurface land, plant and animal life or any other natural resource), including any such Legal Requirement regulating emissions, discharges or releases of pollutants, contaminants, wastes, toxic substances, exposure to or release of, or the management of any hazardous materials.
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2.19Insurance Coverage. Part 2.19 of the Company Disclosure Schedule contains a true, correct and complete list of all material policies or programs of property, fire and casualty, product liability, workers’ compensation and other forms of insurance, including all material self-insurance programs and arrangements, held by, or for the benefit of, the Company or any Company Subsidiary as of the date of this Agreement. As of the date of this Agreement, there is no pending material claim by the Company or any Company Subsidiary against any insurance carrier under any insurance policy held by the Company or any Company Subsidiary. The Company and the Company Subsidiaries maintain insurance with reputable insurers in such amounts and against such risks as the management of the Company has in good faith determined to be prudent and appropriate in all material respects. Except as, individually or in the aggregate, has not constituted or result in a Company Material Adverse Effect, all insurance policies maintained by or on behalf of the Company or any of the Company Subsidiaries are in full force and effect and all premiums and other payments due on such policies have been paid by the Company or a Company Subsidiary.
2.20Takeover Statutes. Assuming the accuracy of Parent’s representation in Section 3.11, the Company Board has taken all action necessary to render the provisions of any “fair price,” “moratorium,” “control share acquisition” or any other takeover or anti-takeover statute or similar federal or state law (including Section 203 of the DGCL) and any similar provisions of the Company’s Organizational Documents inapplicable to this Agreement, the Voting and Support Agreement, the Mergers or any other transactions contemplated by this Agreement.
2.21Ownership of Parent Common Stock. During the three (3) years prior to the date of this Agreement, none of the Company or any Company Subsidiary has “owned” (as such term is defined in Section 203(c) of the DGCL), directly or indirectly, any shares of Parent Common Stock or other securities convertible into, exchangeable into or exercisable for shares of Parent Common Stock (other than pursuant to any Company Plan). There are no voting trusts or other agreements or understandings to which the Company or any Company Subsidiary is a party with respect to the disposition or voting of the capital stock or other equity interest of Parent or any Parent Subsidiary.
2.22Opinion of Financial Advisor. The Company Board has received the opinion of Allen & Company LLC (the “Company Financial Advisor”), financial advisor to the Company, to the effect that, as of the date of such opinion and based on and subject to the matters, assumptions, qualifications and limitations set forth in such opinion, the Exchange Ratio provided for in this Agreement is fair, from a financial point of view, to the holders of Company Common Stock (other than, as applicable, Parent, the Acquisition Subs and their respective Affiliates). The Company will make available to Parent a copy of such opinion as soon as practicable following the execution of this Agreement for informational purposes only (it being understood that such opinion is for the benefit of the Company Board and may not be relied upon by Parent, the Acquisition Subs or their respective Affiliates).
2.23Brokers. No broker, finder or investment banker (other than the Company Financial Advisor) is entitled to any brokerage, finder’s or other similar fee or commission in connection with the Mergers based upon arrangements made by or on behalf of the Company.
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2.24Company Insurance Subsidiaries. Each Subsidiary of the Company that conducts the business of insurance (each, a “Company Insurance Subsidiary”) is (i) duly licensed or authorized as an insurance company in its jurisdiction of organization and (ii) duly licensed, authorized or otherwise eligible to transact the business of insurance in each other jurisdiction where it is required to be so licensed, authorized or otherwise eligible in order to conduct its business as currently conducted, except in each case, where the failure to be so qualified or licensed would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be likely to be material to the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole. Part 2.24 of the Company Disclosure Schedule contains a true and complete list of the Company Insurance Subsidiaries, its jurisdiction of domicile and any jurisdiction in which it is commercially domiciled.
2.25Statutory Statements. The Company has made available to Parent and the Acquisition Subs copies of the following statutory statements, in each case together with the exhibits, schedules and notes thereto (collectively, the “Company Statutory Statements”) (i) the annual statement of each Company Insurance Subsidiary as of and for the annual periods ended December 31, 2019 and 2020; and (ii) the quarterly statements of each Company Insurance Subsidiary as of and for the quarterly period ended June 30, 2021, each as filed with the Domiciliary Department of Insurance. The Company Statutory Statements have been prepared in all material respects in accordance with SAP applied consistently throughout the periods presented, and present fairly, in all material respects, the statutory financial position and results of operations of each Company Insurance Subsidiary as of their respective dates and for the respective periods covered thereby. As of its filing date, and, if amended, as of the date of the last amendment prior to the date hereof, each such filing materially complied with applicable law in all material respects. No Governmental Entity has asserted any deficiency related to any such filing that has not been resolved to the reasonable satisfaction of such Governmental Entity.
2.26Reinsurance. Except as individually or in the aggregate, is not and would not be reasonably expected to be, material to the Company and the Company Insurance Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, (A) since January 1, 2019, neither the Company nor any Company Insurance Subsidiary has received any written notice from any applicable reinsurer that any amount of reinsurance ceded by the Company or such Company Insurance Subsidiary, as applicable, to such counterparty will be uncollectible or otherwise defaulted upon, (B) to the knowledge of the Company, no party to a Reinsurance Agreement is insolvent or the subject of a rehabilitation, liquidation, conservatorship, receivership, bankruptcy or similar proceeding, (C) to the knowledge of the Company, the financial condition of each party to a Reinsurance Agreement is not impaired to the extent that a default thereunder is reasonably anticipated, (D) there are no, and since January 1, 2019 there have been no, disputes under any Reinsurance Agreement other than disputes in the ordinary course for which adequate loss reserves have been established and (E) the Company and each Company Insurance Subsidiary that is party to a Reinsurance Agreement, as applicable, is entitled under any applicable insurance laws and SAP to take full reinsurance credit in its Statutory Statements for all amounts reflected therein that are recoverable by it pursuant to any Reinsurance Agreement and all such amounts recoverable have been properly recorded in its books and records of account (if so accounted therefor) and are properly reflected in its Statutory Statements, and no Governmental Entity has objected in writing to such characterization and accounting. None of the Reinsurance Agreements is finite reinsurance, financial reinsurance or such other form of reinsurance that does not meet the risk transfer requirements under applicable laws.
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2.27Insurance Business.
(a)Except as, individually or in the aggregate, is not and would not be reasonably expected to be, material to the Company and the Company Insurance Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, since January 1, 2019, the business of each Company Insurance Subsidiary has been conducted in compliance with applicable insurance laws. In addition, (i) there is no pending or, to the Company’s knowledge, threatened in writing assertion by any state insurance regulatory authority that any Company Insurance Subsidiary has violated, nor, to the Company’s knowledge, is there any investigation pending or threatened in writing by any state insurance regulatory authority related to possible material violations by any Company Insurance Subsidiary of any applicable insurance laws, (ii) each Company Insurance Subsidiary has been duly authorized by the relevant state insurance regulatory authorities to issue the Insurance Contracts in the jurisdictions in which it operates and (iii) since January 1, 2019, each Company Insurance Subsidiary has, to the extent applicable, timely filed all material reports, forms, rates, notices and materials required to be filed by it with any state insurance regulatory authority. None of the Company Insurance Subsidiaries is subject to any order or decree of any insurance regulatory authority, and no insurance regulatory authority has revoked, suspended or limited, or, to the Company’s knowledge, threatened in writing to revoke, suspend or limit, any license or other permit issued pursuant to applicable insurance laws to any Company Insurance Subsidiary.
(b)None of the Company Insurance Subsidiaries is commercially domiciled under the laws of any jurisdiction and treated as domiciled in a jurisdiction other than that of its jurisdiction of incorporation.
(c)Neither the Company nor any of the Company Insurance Subsidiaries is subject to any requirement imposed by a Governmental Entity to maintain specified capital or surplus amounts or levels or is subject to any restriction on the payment of dividends or other distributions on its shares of capital stock, except for any such requirements or restrictions imposed by applicable insurance laws of general application.
(d)Part 2.27(d) of the Company Disclosure Schedule sets forth a true and correct list of all permitted accounting practices utilized by each Company Insurance Subsidiary in the preparation of the Statutory Statements.
2.28Insurance Producers. Except as, individually or in the aggregate, is not and would not be reasonably expected to be, material to the Company and the Company Insurance Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, since January 1, 2019, each employee who is an Insurance Producer and, to the knowledge of the Company, each other Insurance Producer, (a) at the time such Insurance Producer solicited or sold any Insurance Contract, was duly and appropriately appointed by a Company Insurance Subsidiary, in compliance with applicable law, to act as an Insurance Producer for such Insurance Contract, and was duly and appropriately licensed as an Insurance Producer (for the type of business sold or produced by such Insurance Producer on behalf of the Company Insurance Subsidiary), in each jurisdiction in which such Insurance Producer was required to be so licensed, and, to the knowledge of the Company, no such Insurance Producer violated any term or provision of applicable law relating to the solicitation or sale of any Insurance Contract in any material respect, (b) to the knowledge of the Company, has not breached the terms of any agency or broker contract with the Company Insurance Subsidiary
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or violated in any material respect any policy of the Company Insurance Subsidiary in the solicitation or sale of business for the Company Insurance Subsidiary and (c) to the knowledge of the Company, has not been enjoined, indicted, convicted or made the subject of any consent decree or judgment on account of any violation in any material respect of applicable law in connection with such Insurance Producer’s actions in his, her or its capacity as an Insurance Producer for the Company Insurance Subsidiary nor, to the knowledge of the Company, has any Insurance Producer been subject to any enforcement or disciplinary proceeding alleging any such violation. The Company has not received any written notice from any Governmental Entity with respect to any Insurance Producer regarding any of the matters described in clauses (a) through (c). There are no outstanding (i) material disputes between the Company or any Company Insurance Subsidiary and an Insurance Producer concerning material amounts of commissions or other incentive compensation, (ii) to the knowledge of the Company, material errors and omissions claims against any Insurance Producer in regard to any Insurance Contract related to or arising from the Insurance Producer’s relationship with the Company or the Company Insurance Subsidiary or (iii) material amounts owed by any Insurance Producer to any Company Insurance Subsidiary. The manner in which the Company Insurance Subsidiary compensates Insurance Producers involved in the solicitation, negotiation, sale or servicing of Insurance Contracts is in compliance in all material respects with applicable law and the terms of any applicable agreement with such Insurance Producers in all material respects.
2.29Information Supplied. The information supplied or to be supplied by the Company for inclusion in the Form S-4 Registration Statement (including the Proxy Statement/Prospectus) will not, at the time the Form S-4 Registration Statement (and any amendment or supplement thereto) is declared effective, on the date that the Proxy Statement/Prospectus is first mailed to the stockholders of the Company, or on the date of the Company Stockholder Meeting, contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they are made, not misleading, except that, no representation or warranty is made by the Company with respect to statements made therein based on information supplied by Parent for inclusion therein.
Section 3.REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF PARENT AND THE ACQUISITION SUBS
Parent and the Acquisition Subs hereby jointly and severally represent and warrant to the Company that, except as set forth or incorporated by reference in the Parent SEC Documents filed on or after January 1, 2020 and publicly available at least five (5) Business Days prior to the date of this Agreement (provided that in no event shall any risk factor disclosure under the heading “Risk Factors” or disclosure set forth in any “forward looking statements” disclaimer or other general statements to the extent they are non-specific, cautionary, predictive or forward looking in nature that are included in any part of any Parent SEC Document be deemed to be an exception to, or, as applicable, disclosure for purposes of, any representations and warranties of Parent or the Acquisition Subs contained in this Agreement) or, subject to Section 7.12, in the disclosure schedule delivered to the Company prior to the execution of this Agreement (the “Parent Disclosure Schedule”):
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3.1Due Organization and Good Standing; Subsidiaries.
(a)Parent and the Acquisition Subs are corporations duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of their respective states of incorporation. Parent and the Acquisition Subs have the requisite corporate power and authority to own, lease and operate their respective assets and to carry on their respective businesses as it is being conducted as of the date of this Agreement, except as, individually or in the aggregate, has not constituted or resulted in a Parent Material Adverse Effect. Parent and the Acquisition Subs are duly qualified and have all necessary Governmental Authorizations to do business, and are in good standing, in each other jurisdiction where the nature of their business makes such qualification necessary, except where the failure to be so qualified or in good standing, individually or in the aggregate, has not constituted or resulted in a Parent Material Adverse Effect.
(b)Neither Parent nor the Acquisition Subs nor any Parent Subsidiary owns any equity interest or joint venture, partnership or similar interest in any other Entity, other than the Entities identified in Exhibit 21.1 of Parent’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2020 (filed with the SEC on March 8, 2021) and any other wholly owned Parent Subsidiary. Each Parent Subsidiary is duly organized, validly existing and (where such concept is recognized under the laws of the jurisdiction in which it is organized) in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its organization and has the requisite corporate or other organizational power and authority and (other than any Parent Subsidiary that conducts the business of insurance) Governmental Authorizations to own, lease and operate its assets and to carry on its business as it is being conducted as of the date of this Agreement, except where the failure to be so organized, existing and in good standing or to have such power and authority, individually or in the aggregate, has not constituted or resulted in a Parent Material Adverse Effect. All of the outstanding shares of capital stock of each Parent Subsidiary are duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable and are owned directly or indirectly by Parent free and clear of all Liens, except for restrictions on transfer under applicable securities laws.
3.2Organizational Documents. Prior to the date of this Agreement, Parent has made available to the Company copies of the Organizational Documents of Parent and the Acquisition Subs, including all amendments thereto as in effect on the date hereof. The Organizational Documents of Parent, the Acquisition Subs and each Parent Subsidiary are in full force and effect and neither (a) Parent or the Acquisition Subs nor (b) except as, individually or in the aggregate, has not constituted or resulted in a Parent Material Adverse Effect, any Parent Subsidiary is in violation of any of the provisions of such Organizational Documents.
3.3Capitalization.
(a)The authorized capital stock of Parent consists of (i) 200,000,000 shares of Parent Common Stock, of which 61,627,462 shares were issued and outstanding as of November 5, 2021 (the “Parent Capitalization Date”); and (ii) 10,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $0.00001 per share, none of which were outstanding as of the Parent Capitalization Date. All of the outstanding shares of Parent Common Stock have been, and all shares of Parent Common Stock reserved for issuance pursuant to the Parent Equity Plan will be when issued, duly authorized and validly issued, and are, or will be when issued, fully paid and non-
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assessable. All shares of Parent Common Stock to be issued in connection with the First Merger will be duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable, and all of the Parent Options, Parent RSUs, Parent Warrants and Additional Shares to be issued pursuant to Section 1.7 in connection with the First Merger will be duly authorized and validly issued, in each case when issued in accordance with the terms of this Agreement and subject to no preemptive or similar rights or other Liens, except for restrictions on transfer under applicable securities laws. All shares of Parent Common Stock to be issued upon the exercise of, or otherwise pursuant to the terms of, any Parent Option or Parent RSU, with respect to shares of Parent Common Stock to be issued pursuant to Section 1.7 in respect of any Assumed Company Option or Assumed Company RSU Award, respectively, in connection with the First Merger, will be, when issued in accordance with the terms of this Agreement (and the terms of such Parent Option or Parent RSU, as the case may be), duly authorized and validly issued, and are, or will be when issued, fully paid and non-assessable and subject to no preemptive or similar rights or other Liens, except for restrictions on transfer under applicable securities laws.
(b)Except as set forth in Parent’s certificate of incorporation or bylaws (as amended) or the Parent Equity Agreements (i) none of the outstanding shares of Parent Common Stock is entitled or subject to any preemptive right, right of repurchase, right of participation or any similar right; (ii) none of the outstanding shares of Parent Common Stock is subject to any right of first refusal in favor of Parent; (iii) there are no bonds, debentures, notes or other indebtedness of Parent issued and outstanding having the right to vote (or convertible or exercisable or exchangeable for securities having the right to vote) on any matters on which stockholders of Parent may vote; and (iv) there is no Contract to which Parent is a party relating to the voting or registration of, or restricting any Person from purchasing, selling, pledging or otherwise disposing of (or from granting any option or similar right with respect to), any shares of Parent Common Stock. Except as set forth in the Parent Equity Agreements, Parent is not under any obligation, nor is it bound by any Contract pursuant to which it will become obligated, to repurchase, redeem or otherwise acquire any outstanding shares of Parent Common Stock or other securities.
(c)As of the Parent Capitalization Date (i) 6,005,287 shares of Parent Common Stock were subject to issuance pursuant to outstanding Parent Options; (ii) 154,391 shares of Parent Common Stock were subject to issuance pursuant to outstanding Parent RSUs and (iii) no other shares of capital stock or other voting securities of Parent were issued, reserved for issuance or outstanding. Prior to the date of this Agreement, Parent has made available to the Company true, correct and complete copies of (A) the Parent Equity Plan; and (B) the forms of all stock option agreements evidencing Parent Options outstanding as of the date of this Agreement and the forms of all restricted stock unit agreements evidencing Parent RSUs outstanding as of the date of this Agreement. The per share exercise price of each such Parent Option was at least equal to the fair market value of one (1) share of Parent Common Stock on the date of grant of such Parent Option.
(d)Except as set forth in Section 3.3(c), as of the Parent Capitalization Date, there was no (i) outstanding subscription, option, call, warrant or other right (whether or not currently exercisable) to acquire any shares of the capital stock or other equity interests, restricted stock unit, stock-based performance unit, shares of phantom stock, stock appreciation right, profit participation right or any other right that is linked to, or the value of which is based on or derived
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from, the value of any shares of capital stock or other equity interest of Parent; (ii) outstanding security, instrument, bond, debenture or note that is or may become convertible into or exchangeable for any shares of the capital stock or other equity securities of Parent; or (iii) stockholder rights plan (or similar plan commonly referred to as a “poison pill”) or Contract under which Parent is or may become obligated to sell or otherwise issue any shares of its capital stock or other equity interest or any other securities.
(e)From the Parent Capitalization Date through the date of this Agreement, neither Parent nor any of its Subsidiaries has issued any shares of Parent Common Stock or other equity interests of Parent or any Parent Subsidiary, other than pursuant to Parent Options or Parent RSUs, in each case, that were outstanding as of the Parent Capitalization Date.
3.4Authority; Binding Nature of Agreement.
(a)Parent has the requisite corporate power and authority to enter into and to perform its obligations under this Agreement and to consummate the Mergers. On or prior to the date hereof, the Parent Board has unanimously (i) duly and validly authorized and approved the execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement and the consummation of the Mergers by Parent; (ii) determined that the Mergers are fair to and in the best interests of Parent and its stockholders; (iii) approved and declared advisable this Agreement and the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, including the Mergers; and (iv) subject to the terms and conditions hereof, approved the issuance of shares of Parent Common Stock in the First Merger as contemplated by this Agreement (the “Parent Share Issuance”). Assuming the accuracy of the Company’s representations and warranties set forth in Section 2.21, the execution and delivery of this Agreement by Parent and the consummation by Parent of the Mergers and other transactions contemplated by this Agreement have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action on the part of Parent, and no other corporate proceedings on the part of Parent are necessary to authorize this Agreement, in each case other than the adoption of this Agreement by Parent as the sole stockholders of the Acquisition Subs and the filing of the Certificates of Merger as required by the DGCL. This Agreement has been duly executed and delivered on behalf of Parent and, assuming the due authorization, execution and delivery of this Agreement on behalf of the Company, constitutes the valid and binding obligation of Parent, enforceable against Parent in accordance with its terms, subject to the Bankruptcy and Equity Exception.
(b)Acquisition Sub I is a newly formed, wholly owned Subsidiary of Parent and has the requisite corporate power and authority to enter into and to perform its obligations under this Agreement. The board of directors of Acquisition Sub I has (i) determined that the transactions contemplated by this Agreement are fair to, and in the best interests of, Acquisition Sub I and its stockholder; (ii) declared that this Agreement is advisable and recommended that its sole stockholder adopt this Agreement; and (iii) authorized and approved the execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement by Acquisition Sub I. The execution and delivery of this Agreement by Acquisition Sub I and the consummation by Acquisition Sub I of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action on the part of Acquisition Sub I, and no other corporate proceedings on the part of Acquisition Sub I are necessary to authorize this Agreement other than, with respect to the Mergers (A) the adoption of this Agreement by Parent as the sole stockholder of Acquisition Sub I (which shall occur immediately following the execution of this Agreement); and (B) the filing of the
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Certificates of Merger as required by the DGCL. Parent, as the sole stockholder of Acquisition Sub I, will vote to adopt this Agreement immediately after the execution and delivery of this Agreement. This Agreement has been duly executed and delivered by Acquisition Sub I and, assuming the due authorization, execution and delivery of this Agreement on behalf of the Company, constitutes the valid and binding obligation of Acquisition Sub I, enforceable against Acquisition Sub I in accordance with its terms, subject to the Bankruptcy and Equity Exception.
(c)Acquisition Sub II is a newly formed, wholly owned Subsidiary of Parent and has the requisite limited liability company power and authority to enter into and to perform its obligations under this Agreement. The sole member of Acquisition Sub II has (i) determined that the transactions contemplated by this Agreement are fair to, and in the best interests of, Acquisition Sub II and its sole member; (ii) declared that this Agreement is advisable; and (iii) authorized and approved the execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement by Acquisition Sub II. The execution and delivery of this Agreement by Acquisition Sub II and the consummation by Acquisition Sub II of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement have been duly authorized by all necessary limited liability company action on the part of Acquisition Sub II, and no other limited liability company proceedings on the part of Acquisition Sub II are necessary to authorize this Agreement other than, with respect to the Mergers (A) the adoption of this Agreement by Parent as the sole member of Acquisition Sub II (which shall occur immediately following the execution of this Agreement); and (B) the filing of the Second Certificate of Merger as required by the DGCL and the DLLCA. This Agreement has been duly executed and delivered by Acquisition Sub II and, assuming the due authorization, execution and delivery of this Agreement on behalf of the Company, constitutes the valid and binding obligation of Acquisition Sub II, enforceable against Acquisition Sub I in accordance with its terms, subject to the Bankruptcy and Equity Exception.
3.5Non-Contravention; Consents.
(a)The execution and delivery of this Agreement by Parent and, assuming the accuracy of the Company’s representations and warranties set forth in Section 2.21, the consummation by Parent of the Mergers will not (i) cause a violation of any of the provisions of the Organizational Documents of Parent or any Parent Subsidiary; (ii) assuming the consents and filings referred to in Section 3.5(b) are made and obtained, conflict with or violate in any material respect any applicable Legal Requirements; or (iii) subject to Section 4.5, result in any material loss, limitation or impairment of any right of Parent or any Parent Subsidiary to own or use any assets, result in any material violation of or default (with or without notice or lapse of time, or both) under, or give rise to a right of termination, cancellation, first offer, first refusal, modification or acceleration of any material obligation or to the loss of a material benefit under any Contract binding upon Parent or any Parent Subsidiary or by which any of their respective properties, rights or assets are bound or subject, or result in the creation of any Liens of any kind (other than Parent Permitted Encumbrances) upon any of the properties, rights or assets of Parent or any Parent Subsidiary.
(b)Except as may be required by the Securities Act, the Exchange Act, the DGCL, the HSR Act or other applicable Antitrust Laws, applicable state securities takeover and “blue sky” laws or the rules and regulations of the NYSE, and neither Parent nor the Acquisition Subs, nor any Parent Subsidiary, is required to make any filing, registration, or declaration with, give
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any notice to, or obtain any consent, Order, license, permit, clearance, waiver or approval from, any Governmental Entity for the execution and delivery of this Agreement by Parent or the consummation by Parent of the Mergers, the performance by Parent of its covenants and obligations hereunder or the consummation by Parent of the Mergers, in each case, except as, individually or in the aggregate, would not constitute or result in a Parent Material Adverse Effect.
3.6Reports; Financial Statements; Internal Controls.
(a)All reports, schedules, forms, statements and other documents (including exhibits and all other information incorporated by reference therein) required to be filed or furnished by Parent with the SEC under the Exchange Act or Securities Act since January 1, 2019 (the “Parent SEC Documents”) have been filed or furnished with the SEC on a timely basis. As of the time it was filed with the SEC (and, in the case of registration statements and proxy statements, on the dates of effectiveness and the dates of mailing, respectively) (or, with respect to clause (i) below, if amended or superseded, then on the date of such amended or superseding filing) (i) each of the Parent SEC Documents complied in all material respects with the applicable requirements of the Securities Act, the Exchange Act and the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (as the case may be) and the applicable regulations promulgated thereunder and the listing requirements and corporate governance rules and regulations of the NYSE, each as in effect on the date such Parent SEC Document was filed (and, in the case of registration statements and proxy statements, on the dates of effectiveness and the dates of mailing, respectively, or, if amended prior to the date of this Agreement, the date of the filing of such amendment, with respect to the disclosures that are amended); and (ii) none of the Parent SEC Documents contained any untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. Since January 1, 2019, no executive officer of Parent has failed in any respect to make the certifications required of him or her under Section 302 or 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act with respect to the Company SEC Documents. Neither the Parent nor any of its executive officers has received notice from any Governmental Entity challenging or questioning the accuracy, completeness, form or manner of filing of such certifications.
(b)The financial statements (including any related notes) contained or incorporated by reference in the Parent SEC Documents (i) complied as to form in all material respects with the published rules and regulations of the SEC applicable thereto; (ii) were prepared in accordance with GAAP applied on a consistent basis throughout the periods covered (except as may be indicated in the notes to such financial statements or, in the case of unaudited statements, as permitted by Form 10-Q or any successor form under the Exchange Act, and except that unaudited financial statements may not contain footnotes and are subject to normal year-end adjustments); (iii) fairly present, in all material respects, the financial position of Parent and Parent’s consolidated Subsidiaries as of the respective dates thereof and the results of operations and consolidated cash flows of Parent and Parent’s consolidated Subsidiaries for the periods covered thereby subject, with respect to unaudited interim statements, to normal year-end adjustments and (iv) have been prepared from the books and records of Parent and Parent’s consolidated Subsidiaries in all material respects. No financial statements of any Person other than Parent and Parent’s consolidated Subsidiaries are required by GAAP to be included in the consolidated financial statements of Parent. The books and records of Parent and the Parent
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Subsidiaries have been, and are being, maintained in all material respects in accordance with GAAP and any other applicable legal and accounting requirements. As of the date hereof, Ernst & Young LLP has not resigned (or informed Parent that it intends to resign) or been dismissed as independent public accountants of Parent.
(c)Parent maintains, and at all times since December 31, 2019 has maintained, a system of internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d15(f) under the Exchange Act) which is designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with GAAP, and includes those policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that in reasonable detail accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of Parent and the Parent Subsidiaries; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP and that receipts and expenditures are being made in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of Parent; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the assets of Parent and the Parent Subsidiaries that could have a material effect on the financial statements. To the knowledge of Parent, Parent has not engaged in any material transactions that have not been properly recorded in the accounting records underlying its consolidated financial statements and there are no significant deficiencies or material weaknesses in the design or operation of Parents’ internal control over financial reporting. Parent has maintained the integrity of its financial reporting through proper access and change management procedures, along with customary reconciliations, reperformance and recalculations of key formulas, and detailed reviews performed by competent and qualified individuals. Management of Parent has disclosed to Parent’s auditors and the audit committee of the Parent Board (x) any significant deficiencies or material weaknesses in the design and operation of internal controls over financial reporting and (y) any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or any other employees who have a significant role in Parent’s internal control over financial reporting, and each such deficiency, weakness and fraud so disclosed to auditors, if any, has been disclosed to Parent prior to the date hereof.
(d)Since January 1, 2019, (i) none of Parent or any Parent Subsidiary nor, to the knowledge of Parent, any director or officer of Parent or any Parent Subsidiary has received or otherwise had or obtained knowledge of any material complaint, allegation, assertion or claim, whether written or, to the Parent’s knowledge, oral, regarding accounting, internal accounting controls or auditing practices, procedures, methodologies or methods of Parent or any Parent Subsidiary or any material complaint, allegation, assertion or claim from employees of Parent or any Parent Subsidiary regarding questionable accounting or auditing matters with respect to Parent or any Parent Subsidiary, and (ii) to the knowledge of Parent, no attorney representing Parent or any Parent Subsidiary, whether or not employed by Parent or any Parent Subsidiary, has reported evidence of a violation of securities laws, breach of fiduciary duty or similar violation by Parent, any Parent Subsidiary or any of their respective officers, directors, employees or agents to the Parent Board or any committee thereof, or to the General Counsel or Chief Executive Officer of Parent.
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(e)Parent maintains disclosure controls as required by Rule 13a-15 or 15d-15 under the Exchange Act. As of the date hereof, Parent is in compliance in all material respects with all current listing requirements of the NYSE.
(f)Neither Parent nor any Parent Subsidiary is a party to, or has a commitment to effect, enter into or create, any joint venture, or “off-balance sheet arrangement” (as defined in Item 303(a) of Regulation S-K under the Exchange Act).
(g)As of the date of this Agreement, there are no outstanding or unresolved comments in comment letters received from the SEC with respect to the Parent SEC Documents, and none of the Parent SEC Documents is, to the knowledge of Parent, the subject of ongoing SEC review or investigation.
(h)Neither Parent nor any Parent Subsidiary has any liabilities of any nature or type, whether accrued, absolute, determined, contingent or otherwise and whether due or to become due, except for (i) liabilities disclosed in the financial statements (including any related notes) contained in the Most Recent Parent Balance Sheet or in the balance sheets included in the Parent SEC Documents filed prior to the date of this Agreement; (ii) liabilities incurred in the ordinary course of business since the date of the Most Recent Parent Balance Sheet; (iii) liabilities that, individually or in the aggregate, have not constituted or resulted in a Parent Material Adverse Effect; and (iv) liabilities and obligations incurred in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.
3.7Absence of Certain Changes.
(a)Since the date of the Most Recent Parent Balance Sheet, there has not been any fact, event, change, effect, circumstance, occurrence or development that, individually or in the aggregate, has had a Parent Material Adverse Effect.
(b)Except in connection with the execution and delivery of this Agreement and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby, from the date of the Most Recent Parent Balance Sheet to the date of this Agreement, the businesses of Parent and the Parent Subsidiaries have been conducted in all material respects in the ordinary course of business (other than with respect to any Pandemic Measures), and neither Parent nor any Parent Subsidiary has undertaken any action that if proposed to be taken after the date of this Agreement would require the Company’s consent pursuant to Section 4.1(b)(i).
3.8Compliance with Legal Requirements. Parent is, and since January 1, 2019 has been, in compliance with all Legal Requirements applicable to it and its businesses, except where the failure to comply with such Legal Requirements would not, individually or in the aggregate, constitute or result in a Parent Material Adverse Effect. Neither Parent nor any Parent Subsidiary has, during the three (3)-year period prior to the date of this Agreement (i) to the knowledge of Parent, received any written notice or verbal notice from any Governmental Entity regarding any material violation by Parent of any Legal Requirement; or (ii) provided any notice to any Governmental Entity regarding any material violation by Parent or any Parent Subsidiary of any Legal Requirement.
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3.9Legal Proceedings; Investigations; Orders.
(a)Other than ordinary course claims and related Legal Proceedings or ordinary course claims and related Legal Proceedings in connection with Contracts of insurance issued by any Parent Subsidiary that conducts the business of insurance, there is no Legal Proceeding pending (or, to the knowledge of Parent, threatened) against Parent, the Acquisition Subs or any Parent Subsidiary or affecting any of their respective properties or assets that (i) would adversely affect Parent’s or the Acquisition Subs’ ability to perform any of its obligations under, or consummate any of the transactions contemplated by, this Agreement; or (ii) individually or in the aggregate, has had a Parent Material Adverse Effect.
(b)There are no subpoenas, civil investigative demands or other written requests for information issued by a Governmental Entity to Parent or any Parent Subsidiary relating to potential or actual violations of any Legal Requirement that are pending or, to the knowledge of Parent, threatened, or, to the knowledge of Parent, any governmental investigations of Parent or any Parent Subsidiary, or any of their respective properties, relating to violations of any Legal Requirement that, individually or in the aggregate, has had a Parent Material Adverse Effect.
(c)There is no Order under which Parent, the Acquisition Subs or any Parent Subsidiary is subject to ongoing obligations that, individually or in the aggregate, has had a Parent Material Adverse Effect.
3.10Takeover Statutes. Assuming the accuracy of the Company’s representation in Section 2.21, the Parent Board has taken all action necessary to render Section 203 of the DGCL, all other applicable state anti-takeover statutes and any similar provisions of the Parent’s Organizational Documents inapplicable to the Mergers and the Parent Share Issuance.
3.11Ownership of Company Common Stock. During the three (3) years prior to the date of this Agreement, neither Parent nor any Parent Subsidiary has “owned” (as such term is defined in Section 203(c) of the DGCL), directly or indirectly, any shares of Company Common Stock or other securities convertible into, exchangeable into or exercisable for shares of Company Common Stock (other than pursuant to any employee benefit plan of Parent). There are no voting trusts or other agreements or understandings to which Parent or any Parent Subsidiary is a party with respect to the voting of the capital stock or other equity interest of the Company or any Company Subsidiary.
3.12Tax Matters.
(a)Except as would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Parent Material Adverse Effect:
(i)Parent and the Parent Subsidiaries have timely filed (taking into account any extension of time within which to file) all Tax Returns that are required to be filed by or with respect to any of them and all such Tax Returns are true, correct and complete.
(ii)Parent and the Parent Subsidiaries have timely paid in full to the appropriate Governmental Entity all Taxes required to be paid by any of them (whether or not shown on any Tax Return), have established adequate accruals and reserves, in
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accordance with GAAP, on the financial statements included in the Parent SEC Documents for all Taxes payable by Parent and the Parent Subsidiaries for all taxable periods and portions thereof through the date of such financial statements.
(iii)Each of Parent and the Parent Subsidiaries has (i) timely paid, deducted, withheld and collected all amounts required to be paid, deducted, withheld or collected by any of them with respect to any payment owing to, or received from, their employees, creditors, independent contractors, customers and other third parties (and have timely paid over any amounts so withheld, deducted or collected to the appropriate Governmental Entity) and (ii) otherwise complied with all applicable Legal Requirements relating to the withholding, collection and remittance of Taxes (including information reporting requirements).
(iv)No claim has been made in writing by any taxing authority in a jurisdiction where Parent or any Parent Subsidiary has not filed a Tax Return of a particular type that Parent or any Parent Subsidiary is or may be subject to Tax by, or required to file Tax Returns in, such jurisdiction with respect to Taxes that are the subject to such Tax Return.
(v)Neither Parent nor any Parent Subsidiary will be required to include an item of income (or exclude an item of deduction) in any taxable period (or portion thereof) beginning after the Closing Date as a result of (i) a change in, or use of improper, method of accounting occurring prior to the Closing Date, (ii) a prepaid amount received or paid (or deferred revenue accrued) outside of the ordinary course of business prior to the Closing Date, or (iii) as a result of having entered into a “gain recognition agreement” within the meaning of Treasury Regulation Section 1.367(a)-8. Neither Parent nor any Parent Subsidiary has made an election pursuant to Section 965(h) of the Code.
(vi)Neither Parent nor any Parent Subsidiary is the subject of any currently ongoing Tax audit or other proceeding with respect to Taxes nor has any audit or other proceeding with respect to Taxes been proposed against any of them in writing, and any deficiencies asserted or assessments made as a result of any audit or other proceeding with respect to Taxes have been paid in full, are being contested in good faith, or adequate accruals or reserves for such deficiencies or assessments have been established in accordance with GAAP on the financial statements included in the Parent SEC Documents.
(vii)There are no Liens in respect of or on account of Taxes upon any of the property or assets of Parent or any Parent Subsidiary, except for Taxes not yet due and payable.
(viii)Neither Parent nor any Parent Subsidiary (i) is or has been a member of any affiliated, combined, consolidated, unitary or similar group for purposes of filing Tax Returns or paying Taxes, except for any such group of which Parent is the common parent or (ii) has any liability for Taxes of any Person (other than Parent or any Parent Subsidiary) under Treasury Regulations Section 1.1502-6 (or any similar state, local or non-U.S. Legal Requirement) or as a transferee or successor.
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(ix)Neither Parent nor any Parent Subsidiary is a party to or bound by, or has any obligation under, any Tax indemnity, sharing, allocation, or reimbursement agreement or arrangement, other than (i) customary tax provisions in ordinary course commercial agreements, the principal purpose of which is not related to Taxes; and (ii) any agreement or arrangement solely between or among Parent and/or the Parent Subsidiaries.
(x)Neither Parent nor any Parent Subsidiary is bound with respect to the current or any future taxable period by any closing agreement (within the meaning of Section 7121(a) of the Code or any similar or analogous state, local or non-U.S. Legal Requirement) or other ruling or written agreement with a taxing authority, in each case, with respect to Taxes.
(xi)Neither Parent nor any Parent Subsidiary (i) has filed any extension of time within which to file any Tax Returns that have not been filed, except in the ordinary course of business, (ii) has entered into any agreement or other arrangement waiving or extending the statute of limitations or the period of assessment or collection of any Taxes, (iii) has granted any power of attorney that is in force with respect to any matters relating to any Taxes, (iv) has applied for a ruling from a taxing authority relating to any Taxes that has not been granted or has proposed to enter into an agreement with a taxing authority that is pending, (v) has been issued any private letter rulings, technical advice memoranda or similar agreement or rulings by any taxing authority.
(xii)Neither Parent nor any Parent Subsidiary has participated in any “listed transaction” within the meaning of Treasury Regulations Section 1.6011-4(b)(2) (or any similar state, local or non-U.S. Legal Requirement).
(b)Neither Parent nor any Parent Subsidiary has constituted a “distributing corporation” or a “controlled corporation” (within the meaning of Section 355(a)(1)(A) of the Code) in a distribution of stock intended to qualify for tax-free treatment under Section 355 of the Code or otherwise as part of a plan (or series of related transactions), within the meaning of Section 355(e) of the Code, that includes the Mergers, in the two years prior to the date of this Agreement.
(c)Neither Parent nor any Parent Subsidiary has knowledge of any facts, agreements, plans or other circumstances or has taken or agreed to take any action that would reasonably be expected to prevent or impede the Mergers, taken together, from qualifying for the Intended Tax Treatment.
3.13Brokers. No broker, finder or investment banker (other than LionTree Advisors LLC) is entitled to any brokerage, finder’s or other similar fee or commission in connection with the Mergers based upon arrangements made by or on behalf of Parent.
3.14Information Supplied. The information supplied or to be supplied by Parent for inclusion in the Form S-4 Registration Statement (including the Proxy Statement/Prospectus) will not, at the time the Form S-4 Registration Statement (and any amendment or supplement thereto) is declared effective, on the date that the Proxy Statement/Prospectus is first mailed to the stockholders of the Company, or on the date of the Company Stockholder Meeting, contain
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any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they are made, not misleading, except that, no representation or warranty is made by Parent with respect to statements made therein based on information supplied by the Company for inclusion therein.
3.15Acquisition Subs. Parent is the sole stockholder or sole member, as applicable, of each of the Acquisition Subs. Since its date of incorporation or formation, as applicable, none of the Acquisition Subs has not carried on any business, incurred any liabilities or obligations or conducted any operation other than the execution of this Agreement, the performance of its obligations hereunder and matters ancillary thereto.
Section 4.COVENANTS
4.1    Interim Operations.
(a)The Company agrees that, during the period from the date of this Agreement through the earlier of the Closing or the termination of this Agreement, except (1) to the extent Parent shall otherwise give its prior consent in writing, (2) as set forth in Part 4.1(a) of the Company Disclosure Schedule, (3) as may be required by applicable Legal Requirements or (4) as expressly permitted or required by this Agreement, the Company shall, and shall cause the Company Subsidiaries to, use reasonable best efforts to conduct its business in the ordinary course and use reasonable best efforts to maintain and preserve intact its business organization, keep available the services of current officers, key employees and key consultants and maintain satisfactory relationships with customers, suppliers and distributors, Governmental Entities and other Persons with whom the Company or any Company Subsidiary has material business relations. Without limiting the foregoing, during the period from the date of this Agreement through the earlier of the Closing or the termination of this Agreement, except (1) to the extent Parent shall otherwise give its prior consent in writing, (2) as set forth in Part 4.1(a) of the Company Disclosure Schedule, (3) as may be required by applicable Legal Requirements or (4) as expressly permitted or required by this Agreement, the Company shall not (and shall not permit any Company Subsidiary to):
(i)amend the Organizational Documents of the Company;
(ii)split, combine, subdivide, change, exchange, amend the terms of or reclassify any shares of the Company’s capital stock or other equity interests of the Company or any Company Subsidiary;
(iii)declare, set aside, make or pay any dividend or other distribution (whether payable in cash, stock or property) with respect to any shares of the Company’s capital stock or the capital stock or other equity interest of any Company Subsidiary, other than dividends or distributions only to the extent paid by any wholly owned Company Subsidiary to the Company or another wholly owned Subsidiary of the Company;
(iv)acquire (by merger, consolidation, operation of law, acquisition of stock, other equity interests or assets, formation of a joint venture or otherwise) (A) any other Person, (B) any equity interest in any other Person, (C) any business owned by a third
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party, or (D) assets in a single transaction or series of related transactions for an aggregate purchase price in excess of $250,000, except, (1) acquisitions by the Company from any wholly owned Subsidiary or among any wholly owned Subsidiaries of the Company, (2) the purchase of equipment, supplies and inventory in the ordinary course of business or (3) inbound licenses of Intellectual Property in the ordinary course of business; provided that the issuance of any Insurance Contract by any Company Insurance Subsidiary will not be considered the acquisition of a business for purposes of this Section 4.1;
(v)issue, sell, grant or otherwise permit to become outstanding any additional shares of, or securities convertible or exchangeable for, or options, warrants or rights to acquire, any shares of its capital stock or other equity interests, other than (A) shares of Company Common Stock issuable upon exercise of Company Options or the vesting or settlement of Company RSUs, in each case outstanding as of the date of this Agreement and in accordance with the terms of the applicable award; (B) pursuant to the Company ESPP in the ordinary course of business and in accordance with the terms thereof and of this Agreement (including Section 4.8 hereof); (C) in connection with the exercise of Company Warrants; and (D) the issuance of the Additional Shares pursuant to Section 2.17 of the INSU Merger Agreement;
(vi)sell, assign, transfer, lease or license to any third party, or encumber, or otherwise dispose of (by merger, consolidation, operation of law, division or otherwise), any Company IP or material assets of the Company, other than (A) sales of inventory, goods or services in the ordinary course of business or of obsolete equipment or assets in the ordinary course of business; (B) pursuant to written Contracts or commitments existing as of the date of this Agreement and set forth in Part 4.1(a)(vi) of the Company Disclosure Schedule; (C) as security for any borrowings permitted by Section 4.1(a)(viii); or (D) licenses granted to customers or other third parties in the ordinary course of business, including any licenses granted in the operation of the enterprise business solutions line of the Company (the “EBS Business”);
(vii)directly or indirectly repurchase, redeem or otherwise acquire any shares of the Company’s or any Company Subsidiary’s capital stock or equity interests, or any other securities or obligations convertible (currently or after the passage of time or the occurrence of certain events) into or exchangeable for any shares of the Company’s or any Company Subsidiary’s capital stock or equity interests, except (A) shares of Company Common Stock repurchased from employees or consultants or former employees or consultants of the Company pursuant to the exercise of repurchase rights binding on the Company and existing prior to the date of this Agreement; (B) shares of Company Common Stock accepted as payment for the exercise price of options to purchase Company Common Stock pursuant to the Company Equity Plans or for withholding Taxes incurred in connection with the exercise, vesting or settlement of Company Options and Company RSUs, as applicable, in accordance with the terms of the applicable award and (C) in connection with the exercise of Company Warrants;
(viii)(A) incur, redeem, repurchase, prepay, defease, or cancel any indebtedness for borrowed money, guarantee any such indebtedness, issue or sell any debt securities or
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rights to acquire any debt securities (directly, contingently or otherwise) or make any loans or advances or capital contributions to any other Person, other than in the ordinary course of business or (B) incur any Lien on any of its material property or assets, except for Company Permitted Encumbrances;
(ix)(A) adopt, terminate or amend in any material respect any Company Plan, (B) increase, or accelerate the vesting or payment of, the compensation or benefits of any director, individual independent contractor or current or former employee of the Company or any Company Subsidiary with an annual compensation of $200,000 or above, other than as contemplated by Part 4.1(a)(ix) of the Company Disclosure Schedule, (C) grant any rights to severance, retention, change in control, transaction or termination pay to any current or former director, independent contractor or current or former employee of the Company or any Company Subsidiary with an annual compensation of $200,000 or above, (D) hire or promote any employee with an annual compensation of $200,000 or above, or (E) terminate the employment of any employee of the Company or any Company Subsidiary with an annual compensation of $200,000 or above (other than for cause); except, in each case, for (1) amendments to Company Plans determined by the Company in good faith to be required to comply with applicable Legal Requirements, (2) as otherwise expressly contemplated by this Agreement, (3) with respect to the annual renewal process for any Company Plan that is not reasonably expected to result in a material cost increase to the Company or any Company Subsidiary, (4) in connection with any employee hire (i) to replace departing employees with an annual compensation of less than $200,000, (ii) to fill open positions as set forth on Part 4.1(a)(ix)(4)(ii) of the Company Disclosure Schedule, (iii) who has already accepted an offer of employment and is set forth on Part 4.1(a)(ix)(4)(iii) of the Company Disclosure Schedule or (iv) otherwise in the ordinary course of business; or (5) for increases in compensation or benefits made in the ordinary course of business for any employee with an annual compensation of less than $200,000;
(x) (i)(A) amend or terminate (except for terminations pursuant to the expiration of the existing term of any Material Contract and amendments in the ordinary course of business and except with respect to Reinsurance Agreements) any Material Contract or (B) waive, release or assign any material rights under any Material Contracts (other than any Reinsurance Agreement), (ii) enter into or renew any Contract or agreement that, if in effect on the date of this Agreement, would constitute a Material Contract (except for renewals of any existing Material Contract in the ordinary course of business and Contracts entered into or renewed in connection with the EBS Business and except for Reinsurance Agreements), or (iii) enter into any Reinsurance Agreement that does not meet the criteria set forth on Part 4.1(a)(x)(iii) of the Company Disclosure Schedule;
(xi)change any of its methods of financial accounting or accounting practices in any material respect other than as required by changes in GAAP or SAP or as required by applicable Legal Requirements;
(xii)make, change or revoke any material Tax election, change or adopt any Tax accounting period or material method of Tax accounting, amend any material
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Company Return if such amendment would reasonably be expected to result in a material Tax liability, file any material Company Return prepared in a manner materially inconsistent with past practice, settle or compromise any material liability for Taxes or any Tax audit, claim, or other proceeding relating to a material amount of Taxes, enter into any “closing agreement” within the meaning of Section 7121 of the Code (or any similar state, local or non-U.S. Legal Requirement) if such agreement would reasonably be expected to result in a material Tax liability or have a material impact on Taxes, request any Tax ruling from any Governmental Entity, surrender any right to claim a material refund of Taxes, or, other than in the ordinary course of business, agree to an extension or waiver of the statute of limitations with respect to a material amount of Taxes;
(xiii)sell, transfer, assign, license, or otherwise dispose of (by merger, consolidation, operation of law, division or otherwise), or mortgage, encumber or exchange any material Intellectual Property owned, or purported to be owned, by the Company or any Subsidiary of the Company, including, for the avoidance of doubt, any sale, transfer, assignment, license, or other disposition of, or mortgage, encumbrance or exchange of any such material Intellectual Property to or with any Affiliate of the Company (other than non-exclusive licenses granted in the ordinary course of business) or modify, amend, cancel, terminate, waive, release or assign any Company IP License or any rights, claims, obligations or benefits thereunder or enter into any Contract that would have been a Company IP License had it been entered into prior to the First Effective Time, in each case, with respect to any nonmaterial Company IP License, except, in each case, in the ordinary course of business and for licenses granted in the connection with the EBS Business;
(xiv)(i) make any capital expenditure that is not contemplated by the capital expenditure budget set forth in Part 4.1(a)(xiv)(i) of the Company Disclosure Schedule or (ii) incur any cash expenditures or obligations or liabilities except cash expenditures, obligations or liabilities incurred (A) in the ordinary course of business or (B) in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement;
(xv)enter into any agreement, understanding or arrangement with respect to the voting of any capital stock or other equity interests of the Company (including any voting trust), other than in connection with the granting of revocable proxies in connection with any meeting of the Company’s stockholders;
(xvi)adopt a plan of (A) complete or partial liquidation of the Company or any Subsidiary of the Company or (B) dissolution, merger, consolidation, division, restructuring, recapitalization or other reorganization;
(xvii)commence, settle or compromise any litigation, claim, suit, action or proceeding, except for (x) ordinary course claims and related Legal Proceedings under or with respect to any Insurance Contract and (y) other settlements or compromises that (A) involve solely monetary remedies with a value not in excess of $75,000, with respect to any individual litigation, claim, suit, action or matter, or $250,000 in the aggregate to be paid by the Company and its Subsidiaries, (B) do not impose any restriction on the
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Company’s business or the business of the Company Subsidiaries, (C) do not relate to any litigation, claim, suit, action or proceeding by the Company’s stockholders in connection with this Agreement or the Mergers and (D) do not include an admission of liability or fault on the part of the Company or any Company Subsidiary;
(xviii)materially reduce the amount of insurance coverage under the material commercial insurance policies of the Company and the Company Subsidiaries or fail to use reasonable best efforts to renew or maintain any such material existing insurance policies;
(xix)(A) amend any material Company Permits in a manner that adversely impacts the Company’s ability to conduct its business in any material respect or (B) terminate or allow to lapse any material Company Permits;
(xx)(A) fail to pay any issuance, renewal, maintenance and other payments that become due with respect to any material Company Registered IP or otherwise abandon, cancel, or permit to lapse any material Company Registered IP, other than in its reasonable business judgment or in the ordinary course of business, or (B) authorize the disclosure to any third party of any material Trade Secret included in the Company IP in a way that results in loss of trade secret protection, other than in the ordinary course of business;
(xxi)except in the ordinary course of business and for Contracts entered into in connection with the EBS Business, enter into any individual Contract under which the Company or any Company Subsidiary (A) grants or agrees to grant any right to material Company IP, other than non-exclusive licenses, or (B) agrees to pay any royalties in excess of $150,000 with respect to any Intellectual Property;
(xxii)except as expressly required by applicable Legal Requirements or the Company’s Organizational Documents, convene (A) any special meeting of the Company’s stockholders other than the Company Stockholder Meeting or (B) any other meeting of the Company’s stockholders to consider a proposal that would reasonably be expected to impair, prevent or delay the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby;
(xxiii) enter into any new line of business;
(xxiv)(i) alter or amend in any existing financial, underwriting, claims, claims handling, risk retention, reserving, investment or actuarial practice, guideline or policy or any material assumption underlying an actuarial practice or policy, except as may be required by GAAP, SAP, any Governmental Entity or applicable law or (ii) enter into any Contract or commitment with any insurance regulatory authority, in the case of each of clauses (i) and (ii) other than in the ordinary course of business; or
(xxv)authorize, approve or enter into any agreement or make any commitment to take any of the actions described in clauses “(i)” through “(xxiv)” of this sentence.
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(b)Parent agrees that, during the period from the date of this Agreement through the earlier of the Closing or the termination of this Agreement, except (1) to the extent the Company shall otherwise give its prior consent in writing, (2) as set forth in Part 4.1(b) the Parent Disclosure Schedule, (3) as may be required by applicable Legal Requirements or (4) as expressly permitted or required by this Agreement, Parent shall, and shall cause the Parent Subsidiaries to, conduct its business in the ordinary course in all material respects and use reasonable best efforts to maintain and preserve intact its business organization. Without limiting the foregoing, during the period from the date of this Agreement through the earlier of the Closing or the termination of this Agreement, except (1) to the extent the Company shall otherwise give its prior consent in writing, (2) as set forth in Part 4.1(b) of the Parent Disclosure Schedule, (3) as may be required by applicable Legal Requirements or (4) as expressly permitted or required by this Agreement, Parent shall not (and shall not permit any Parent Subsidiary to), in each case by merger, consolidation, division, operation of law, or otherwise:
(i)amend Parent’s or the Acquisition Subs’ Organizational Documents or amend the Organizational Documents of any Parent Subsidiary in any manner that would be adverse in any material respect to the holders of Company Common Stock (after giving effect to the Mergers) relative to other holders of Parent Common Stock;
(ii)split, combine, subdivide, amend the terms of or reclassify any shares of the Parent’s capital stock;
(iii)directly or indirectly repurchase, redeem or otherwise acquire any shares of Parent Common Stock, except (A) shares of Parent Common Stock repurchased from employees or consultants or former employees or consultants of Parent pursuant to the exercise of repurchase rights binding on Parent and existing prior to the date of this Agreement; or (B) shares of Parent Common Stock accepted as payment for the exercise price of Parent Options or for withholding Taxes incurred in connection with the exercise, vesting or settlement of equity awards, as applicable, in accordance with the terms of the applicable award;
(iv)adopt a plan of complete or partial liquidation, dissolution, merger, consolidation, restructuring, recapitalization or other reorganization, other than transactions between Parent and any direct or indirect wholly owned Parent Subsidiary or between direct or indirect wholly owned Parent Subsidiaries;
(v) declare, set aside, make or pay any dividend or other distribution (whether payable in cash, stock or property) with respect to any shares of Parent’s capital stock or the capital stock or other equity interest of any Parent Subsidiary, other than dividends or distributions only to the extent paid by any wholly owned Parent Subsidiary to Parent or another wholly owned Subsidiary of Parent; or
(vi)authorize, approve or enter into any agreement or make any commitment to take any of the actions described in clauses “(i)” through “(v)” of this sentence.
(c)Between the date hereof and the Closing Date, the Company agrees to work in good faith to implement the actions, principles and goals set forth on Part 4.1(c) of the Company Disclosure Schedule. The parties acknowledge and agree that, (i) notwithstanding anything to the
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contrary in this Agreement (including the first sentence of this Section 4.1(c)), the Company shall not under any circumstance be required to take any action that would, or would reasonably be expected to, violate any applicable Legal Requirement, including any applicable Antitrust Law and (ii) any breach by the Company of this Section 4.1(c), or any failure by the Company to take any action set forth on Part 4.1(c) of the Company Disclosure Schedule or to implement all or any portion of the principles or to achieve all or any of the goals set forth on Part 4.1(c) of the Company Disclosure Schedule, will not be taken into account for any purpose under this Agreement, including for purposes of determining whether any condition to the obligation of any party under this Agreement has been satisfied under Section 5, whether any party may terminate this Agreement, or whether the Termination Fee may be payable, under Section 6, whether the Company may exercise any of its rights under this Agreement or whether any party may be liable to another party hereunder under any circumstance.
(d)Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement (including Section 4.1(a), Section 4.1(b) and Section 4.1(c)), the Company and Parent and any of their respective Subsidiaries may, in response to COVID-19 and in consultation with the other party, take reasonable measures (including as a response to any Pandemic Measure) deemed advisable or necessary to prevent imminent financial loss or damage to the businesses of such party and their respective Subsidiaries, and any such action shall not be deemed itself a breach of this Agreement, including Section 4.1(a) and Section 4.1(b). Nothing contained in this Agreement is intended to give either the Company or Parent, directly or indirectly, the right to control or direct the other party’s, or the other party’s respective Subsidiaries’, businesses or operations prior to the Closing.
4.2Company No Solicitation.
(a)The Company will not and the Company will cause each of its Subsidiaries not to and will not authorize or permit and shall not otherwise direct its and their respective Representatives to, except as expressly permitted by this Section 4.2 or Section 4.4, directly or indirectly:
(i)solicit, initiate or knowingly encourage, induce, assist or knowingly facilitate any inquiries regarding, or the submission or announcement by any Person (other than Parent or its Subsidiaries) of, any proposal or offer that constitutes, or would reasonably be expected to lead to, any Company Acquisition Proposal;
(ii)furnish any non-public information regarding the Company or any Subsidiary of the Company (other than to Parent and its Subsidiaries), or afford access to the Company’s or its Subsidiaries’ Representatives, books, records or property, in each case, in connection with, or for the purpose of soliciting, initiating, knowingly encouraging or knowingly facilitating, or in response to, any inquiry, proposal or offer that constitutes, or would reasonably be expected to lead to a Company Acquisition Proposal;
(iii)engage in, enter into, continue or otherwise participate in any discussions or negotiations with any Person (other than Parent or its Representatives) with respect to
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any Company Acquisition Proposal or any inquiry, proposal or offer that would reasonably be expected to lead to any Company Acquisition Proposal;
(iv)approve, adopt, recommend, agree to or enter into, or propose to approve, adopt, recommend, agree to or enter into, any letter of intent, memorandum of understanding or similar document, agreement, commitment, or agreement in principle with respect to any Company Acquisition Proposal; or
(v)resolve or agree to do any of the foregoing;
provided, however, that, notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Agreement, prior to obtaining the Required Company Stockholder Vote, the Company and its Representatives may (I) contact the Person or any of its Representatives who has made such Company Acquisition Proposal solely to clarify the terms of such Company Acquisition Proposal so that the Company Board may reasonably inform itself about such Company Acquisition Proposal and (II) engage or otherwise participate in discussions or negotiations with, and provide information to, any Person (or its Representatives) that has made a bona fide written Company Acquisition Proposal after the date hereof that did not result from any breach of this Section 4.2(a) or Section 4.2(c) by the Company, any of its Subsidiaries or any of its or their respective Representatives if (A) prior to taking any such action, the Company Board determines in good faith, after consultation with the Company’s outside legal counsel and its financial advisor, that such Company Acquisition Proposal either constitutes a Company Superior Proposal or would reasonably be expected to lead to a Company Superior Proposal and that failure to engage in such discussions or negotiations, or provide such information, would reasonably be expected to be inconsistent with the Company Board’s fiduciary duties under applicable Legal Requirements; and (B) prior to providing any information regarding the Company or any Subsidiary of the Company to such third party in response to such Company Acquisition Proposal, the Company receives from such third party (or there is then in effect with such party) an executed confidentiality agreement that contains nondisclosure provisions that are at least as restrictive of such third party as those contained in the Non-Disclosure Agreement are to Parent and that does not prohibit compliance by the Company with this Section 4.2 (it being understood that such confidentiality agreement need not contain any standstill provisions). Prior to or substantially concurrently with providing any non-public information to such third party, the Company shall make such non-public information available to Parent (to the extent such non-public information has not been previously made available by the Company to Parent). The Company shall promptly (and in any event within twenty-four (24) hours) inform Parent if the Company furnishes non-public information and/or enters into discussions or negotiations as provided for in this Section 4.2(a) and will keep Parent reasonably informed in writing, on a current basis (and, in any event, within twenty-four (24) hours), of the status and all material terms of any Company Acquisition Proposal (including any material changes to the terms thereof) and the status of any discussions and negotiations with respect thereto.
(b)If the Company receives a Company Acquisition Proposal (or notice from any Person that it intends to make a Company Acquisition Proposal) or any inquiry or request for information with respect to a Company Acquisition Proposal or that is reasonably likely to lead to a Company Acquisition Proposal, then the Company shall promptly (and in no event later than twenty-four (24) hours after its receipt of such Company Acquisition Proposal or request) notify
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Parent in writing of such Company Acquisition Proposal or request (which notification shall include the identity of the Person making or submitting such request or Company Acquisition Proposal and an unredacted copy of any such written request or proposal (or, if not in writing, the material terms and conditions thereof)), together with copies of any proposed transaction agreements, and the Company shall thereafter keep Parent reasonably informed in writing, on a current basis (and, in any event, within twenty-four (24) hours), of the status of such Company Acquisition Proposal or request, including informing Parent of any material change to the terms of such Company Acquisition Proposal, and the status of any negotiations, including any change in its intentions as previously notified.
(c)Promptly following the execution and delivery of this Agreement, the Company shall, and shall cause each of its Subsidiaries and its and their respective Representatives to, immediately cease and cause to be terminated any existing solicitation of, or discussions or negotiations with, any Person (other than Parent and its Representatives) relating to any Company Acquisition Proposal made prior to the date hereof and any access any such Persons may have to any physical or electronic data room relating to any potential Company Acquisition Proposal. The Company shall not, and shall cause its Affiliates not to, release any third party from, or waive, amend or modify any provision of, or grant permission under, or fail to enforce, any standstill provision in any agreement to which the Company or any of its Affiliates is a party (unless, and only to the extent, the Company Board determines in good faith, after consultation with the Company’s outside legal counsel and its financial advisor, that the failure to do so would reasonably be expected to be inconsistent with the Company Board’s fiduciary duties under applicable Legal Requirements, in which case it may enable such Persons to submit and pursue a Company Acquisition Proposal).
(d)Any violation of the restrictions contained in this Section 4.2 by any of the Company’s Subsidiaries or the Representatives of the Company at the direction of the Company shall be deemed to be a breach of this Section 4.2 by the Company.
4.3Registration Statement; Proxy Statement/Prospectus.
(a)As promptly as reasonably practicable after the date of this Agreement, Parent and the Company shall jointly prepare and cause to be filed with the SEC the Proxy Statement/Prospectus, in preliminary form, and Parent shall prepare and cause to be filed with the SEC the Form S-4 Registration Statement, in which the Proxy Statement/Prospectus, in preliminary form, will be included as a prospectus. Each of the parties shall (i) use reasonable best efforts to cause the Form S-4 Registration Statement and the Proxy Statement/Prospectus to comply in all material respects with all applicable rules, regulations and requirements of the Exchange Act or Securities Act; (ii) promptly notify the other upon receipt of, and cooperate with each other and use reasonable best efforts to respond to, any comments or requests of the SEC or its staff, including for any amendment or supplement to the Form S-4 Registration Statement or the Proxy Statement/Prospectus; (iii) promptly provide the other party with copies of all written correspondence and a summary of all oral communications between it or its Representatives, on the one hand, and the SEC or its staff, on the other hand, relating to the Form S-4 Registration Statement or the Proxy Statement/Prospectus; (iv) use reasonable best efforts to have the Form S-4 Registration Statement declared effective under the Securities Act as promptly as practicable after it is filed with the SEC; (v) use reasonable best efforts to keep the Form S-4 Registration
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Statement effective through the Closing in order to permit the consummation of the Mergers; and (vi) cooperate with the other party and provide the other party with a reasonable opportunity to review and comment in advance on the Form S-4 Registration Statement and the Proxy Statement/Prospectus (including any amendments or supplements to the Form S-4 Registration Statement or the Proxy Statement/Prospectus) and any substantive correspondence (including all responses to SEC comments), prior to filing with the SEC or mailing, and shall provide to the other a copy of all such filings or communications made with the SEC, except to the extent such disclosure or communication relates to a Company Acquisition Proposal. The Company will, prior to filing the preliminary Proxy Statement/Prospectus, use its reasonable best efforts to obtain all necessary consents of the Company Financial Advisor to permit the Company to include in the Proxy Statement/Prospectus the opinion of the Company Financial Advisor that, as of the date of such opinion and based on and subject to the matters, assumptions, qualifications and limitations set forth in such opinion, the Exchange Ratio provided for in this Agreement is fair, from a financial point of view, to the holders of Company Common Stock (other than, as applicable, Parent, the Acquisition Subs and their respective Affiliates).
(b)Parent shall advise the Company, promptly after receipt of notice thereof, of the time when the Form S-4 Registration Statement becomes effective or any supplement or amendment has been filed, the issuance of any stop order relating thereto, or the suspension of the shares of Parent Common Stock for offering or sale in any jurisdiction, or any request by the SEC or its staff for any amendment of or supplement to the Form S-4 Registration Statement or the Proxy Statement/Prospectus or comments thereon and responses thereto or requests by the SEC for additional information, and Parent shall use its reasonable best efforts to as promptly as practicable have any stop order relating to the Form S-4 Registration Statement or any such suspension of the shares of Parent Common Stock lifted, reversed or otherwise terminated. The Company shall cause the Proxy Statement/Prospectus to be mailed to the Company’s stockholders as promptly as practicable after the Form S-4 Registration Statement is declared effective under the Securities Act. Each of the parties shall use reasonable best efforts promptly to furnish the other parties all information concerning such party, its Subsidiaries, directors, officers and (to the extent reasonably available to such party) stockholders that may be required by applicable Legal Requirements or reasonably requested by the other party or its Representatives in connection with any action contemplated by this Section 4.3. If, at any time prior to obtaining the Required Company Stockholder Vote, any party becomes aware of any information that should be disclosed in an amendment or supplement to the Form S-4 Registration Statement or the Proxy Statement/Prospectus in order to make any statement therein, in the light of the circumstances under which it is made, not false or misleading with respect to a material fact, or in order to avoid the omission of a material fact necessary to make the statements in the Form S-4 Registration Statement or the Proxy Statement/Prospectus not misleading, then such party (A) shall promptly inform the other party thereof; (B) shall provide the other party (and its counsel) with a reasonable opportunity to review and comment on any amendment or supplement to the Form S-4 Registration Statement or the Proxy Statement/Prospectus prior to it being filed with the SEC; (C) shall provide the other party with a copy of such amendment or supplement promptly after it is filed with the SEC; and (D) if mailing is required by law or otherwise appropriate, shall cooperate in mailing such amendment or supplement to the stockholders of the Company.
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4.4Meeting of the Company’s Stockholders; Company Change in Recommendation.
(a)The Company (i) shall take all action necessary under all applicable Legal Requirements and the Company’s Organizational Documents to, as promptly as reasonably practicable after the Form S-4 Registration Statement is declared effective (and, subject to the below, in any event within sixty (60) days thereafter), duly call, give notice of and hold a meeting of the holders of shares of Company Common Stock to vote on a proposal to adopt this Agreement, as well as a customary proposal regarding adjournment of such meeting (the “Company Stockholder Meeting”); and (ii) shall submit such proposals to, and, except in the case where the Company Board has made a Company Change in Recommendation in compliance with Section 4.4(c), (x) use its reasonable best efforts to solicit proxies in favor of such proposals from, such holders at the Company Stockholder Meeting, and (y) the Company shall not submit any other proposals to its stockholders in connection with the Company Stockholder Meeting without the prior written consent of Parent (not to be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed). The Company, in consultation with Parent, shall set a record date for determining the Persons entitled to notice of, and to vote at, the Company Stockholder Meeting and shall not change such record date without the prior written consent of Parent. The Company shall use reasonable best efforts to ensure that all proxies solicited in connection with the Company Stockholder Meeting are solicited in compliance with all applicable Legal Requirements. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Agreement, (A) the Company shall not postpone or adjourn the Company Stockholder Meeting without the prior written consent of Parent (not to be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed), other than (1) to the extent reasonably necessary to ensure that any supplement or amendment to the Proxy Statement/Prospectus that the Company Board has determined in good faith after consultation with Parent and outside counsel is required by applicable Legal Requirements is disclosed to the Company’s stockholders and for such supplement or amendment to be promptly disseminated to the Company’s stockholders within a reasonable amount of time (as determined by the Company Board in good faith after consultation with outside counsel) prior to the Company Stockholder Meeting; (2) if required by applicable Legal Requirement or a request from the SEC or its staff; or (3) if as of the time for which the Company Stockholder Meeting is scheduled there are insufficient shares of Company Common Stock represented (either in person or by proxy) to constitute a quorum necessary to conduct the business to be conducted at the Company Stockholder Meeting; and (B) the Company may, and if Parent so requests (which Parent may do up to three (3) times, for up to five (5) Business Days each) shall, postpone or adjourn the Company Stockholder Meeting in order to solicit additional proxies in favor of the adoption of this Agreement if, on the date for which the Company Stockholder Meeting is scheduled, there would be insufficient votes to obtain the Required Company Stockholder Vote, whether or not a quorum is present, in which case, except in the case where the Company Board has made a Company Change in Recommendation in compliance with Section 4.4(c), the Company shall use its reasonable best efforts during any such postponement or adjournment to solicit and obtain such proxies in favor of the adoption of this Agreement as soon as reasonably practicable; provided that without the prior written consent of Parent (not to be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed), (x) no single such adjournment or postponement pursuant to clauses (A) or (B) shall be for more than five (5) Business Days, except as may be required by applicable Legal Requirements, (y) all such adjournments and postponements together shall not cause the date of the Company Stockholder Meeting to be more than twenty (20) Business Days after the
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date for which the Company Stockholder Meeting was originally scheduled or, in the case of the foregoing clauses (A)(3) and (B), less than five (5) Business Days prior to the End Date and (z) in no event shall the Company change the record date for determining the stockholders entitled to notice of and to vote at the Company Stockholder Meeting. The Company shall use reasonable best efforts, on a daily basis during the ten (10) Business Days prior to the date of the Company Stockholder Meeting, to keep Parent reasonably informed as to the aggregate number of shares of Company Common Stock entitled to vote at the Company Stockholder Meeting for which proxies have been received by the Company with respect to the Required Company Stockholder Vote and the number of such proxies authorizing the holder thereof to vote in favor of the Required Company Stockholder Vote.
(b)Subject to Section 4.4(c) and Section 4.4(d), the Proxy Statement/Prospectus shall include the Company Board Recommendation and neither the Company Board nor any committee thereof shall, except as otherwise expressly permitted by this Agreement, including by Section 4.4(c) and Section 4.4(d) (i) withhold, withdraw, modify, amend or qualify (or publicly propose to withdraw, modify, amend or qualify), in a manner adverse to Parent or the Acquisition Subs, the Company Board Recommendation, or fail to include the Company Board Recommendation in the Proxy Statement/Prospectus; (ii) approve, recommend or declare advisable (or publicly propose to do so) any Company Acquisition Proposal; (iii) fail to publicly announce, within ten (10) Business Days after a tender offer or exchange offer relating to the equity securities of the Company shall have been commenced by any third party other than Parent and its Affiliates (and in no event later than one (1) Business Day prior to the date of the Company Stockholder Meeting, as it may be postponed or adjourned pursuant to Section 4.4(a)), a statement disclosing that the Company Board recommends rejection of such tender or exchange offer (for the avoidance of doubt, the taking of no position or a neutral position by the Company Board in respect of the acceptance of any such tender offer or exchange offer as of the end of such period shall constitute a failure to publicly announce that the Company Board recommends rejection of such tender or exchange offer); or (iv) if requested in writing by Parent, fail to issue, within five (5) Business Days after a Company Acquisition Proposal is publicly announced (and in no event later than one (1) Business Day prior to the date of the Company Stockholder Meeting, as it may be postponed or adjourned pursuant to Section 4.4(a)), a press release reaffirming the Company Board Recommendation; provided that Parent may make any such request once with respect to each particular Company Acquisition Proposal or once with respect to each amendment (to the financial or any other material terms) made thereto (any action described in clauses (i) through (iv) being referred to as a “Company Change in Recommendation”); (v) cause or permit the Company to enter into any Contract, letter of intent, memorandum of understanding, agreement in principle or other arrangement or understanding (other than a confidentiality agreement entered into in compliance with Section 4.2(a)) contemplating or relating to a Company Acquisition Transaction; (vi) take any action to make the provisions of any anti-takeover or similar statute or regulation inapplicable to any Company Acquisition Proposal or counterparty thereto; or (vii) publicly propose to do any of the foregoing.
(c)Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Agreement, at any time prior to obtaining the Required Company Stockholder Vote, the Company Board may make a Company Change in Recommendation related to a Company Acquisition Proposal if (x) the Company receives from a third party a bona fide written Company Acquisition Proposal after the
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date of this Agreement that has not been withdrawn and did not result from a breach of Section 4.2 and (y) prior to making such Company Change in Recommendation:
(i)the Company Board determines in good faith, after consultation with the Company’s outside legal counsel and its financial advisor, that such Company Acquisition Proposal constitutes a Company Superior Proposal and that failure to take such action would reasonably be expected to be inconsistent with the Company Board’s fiduciary duties under applicable Legal Requirements;
(ii)the Company delivers to Parent a written notice (the “Company Superior Proposal Notice”) no less than four (4) Business Days in advance stating that the Company Board intends to make a Company Change in Recommendation, which notice shall include the identity of the Person making such Company Acquisition Proposal and a copy of such proposal and a draft of the definitive agreement to be entered into in connection therewith (or, if not in writing, the material terms and conditions thereof); and
(iii)(A) during the four (4) Business Day period commencing on the date of Parent’s receipt of such Company Superior Proposal Notice, if requested by Parent, the Company engages in good faith negotiations with Parent regarding a possible amendment of this Agreement so that the Company Acquisition Proposal that is the subject of the Company Superior Proposal Notice ceases to be a Company Superior Proposal; and (B) after the expiration of the negotiation period described in clause “(A)” above, the Company Board determines in good faith, after consultation with its outside legal counsel and its financial advisor, and after taking into account any amendments to this Agreement that Parent and the Acquisition Subs have committed in writing to make as a result of the negotiations contemplated by clause “(A)” above, that such Company Acquisition Proposal continues to constitute a Company Superior Proposal; provided that if there is any change and/or amendment, whether communicated orally or in writing, to the financial or other material terms of such Company Acquisition Proposal, the Company shall, in each case, be required to deliver to Parent an additional notice consistent with that described in clause “(ii)” above and a new negotiation period under clause “(A)” above shall commence, during which time the Company shall be required to comply with the requirements of Section 4.4(c)(iii) anew with respect to such additional notice.
(d)Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Agreement, at any time prior to obtaining the Required Company Stockholder Vote, the Company Board may make a Company Change in Recommendation that is not related to a Company Acquisition Proposal if and only in response to any state of fact, event, change, effect, circumstance, occurrence or development, or combination thereof, arising following the date of this Agreement and that was neither known to nor or reasonably foreseeable to the Company Board prior to the execution and delivery of this Agreement and such fact, event, change, effect, circumstance, occurrence or development, or combination thereof, is not specifically related to (a) the receipt, existence of or terms of a Company Acquisition Proposal or a Company Superior Proposal or any inquiry or communications relating thereto, any matter relating thereto or consequences thereof or (b) in each case in and of itself, any changes in the market price or trading volume of Company Common Stock or the fact that the Company meets, fails to meet or exceeds any internal or published projections, forecasts or estimates of its revenue, earnings or other financial
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performance or results of operations for any period (it being understood, however, that any underlying cause of any of the foregoing may be taken into account unless excluded pursuant to clauses (a) or (b)) (any such state of fact, event, change, effect, circumstance, occurrence, development, condition, circumstance, or combination thereof, being referred to as a “Company Intervening Event”); and, prior to making such Company Change in Recommendation, (1) the Company Board determines in good faith, after consultation with its outside legal counsel and its financial advisor, that, in light of such Company Intervening Event, a failure to effect a Company Change in Recommendation would reasonably be expected to be inconsistent with the Company Board’s fiduciary duties under applicable Legal Requirements; (2) no less than four (4) Business Days prior to the making of such Company Change in Recommendation, Parent receives a written notice from the Company confirming that the Company Board intends to effect such Company Change in Recommendation, specifying the reasons therefor in reasonable detail; (3) during such four (4) Business Day period, if requested by Parent, the Company engages in good faith negotiations with Parent to amend this Agreement in such a manner that obviates the need for the Company Board to effect a Company Change in Recommendation; and (4) following the end of such four (4) Business Day period, the Company Board determines in good faith, after consultation with its outside legal counsel and financial advisor and after taking into account any amendments to this Agreement that Parent and the Acquisition Subs have committed in writing to make as a result of the negotiations contemplated by clause (3) above, that, in light of such Company Intervening Event, a failure to effect a Company Change in Recommendation would reasonably be expected to be inconsistent with the Company Board’s fiduciary duties under applicable Legal Requirements, even if such changes committed to in writing were to be given effect.
(e)Notwithstanding any Company Change in Recommendation, unless this Agreement has been earlier terminated in accordance with Section 6.1, this Agreement shall be submitted to the holders of shares of Company Common Stock at the Company Stockholder Meeting for the purpose of voting on the adoption of this Agreement and nothing contained in this Agreement shall be deemed to relieve the Company of such obligation.
(f)Nothing contained in this Agreement shall prohibit the Company, the Company Board or their Representatives from (i) taking and disclosing to the stockholders of the Company a position contemplated by Rule 14e-2(a) or Rule 14d-9 promulgated under the Exchange Act or issuing a “stop, look and listen” statement to the stockholders of the Company pursuant to Rule 14d-9(f) promulgated under the Exchange Act pending disclosure of its position thereunder or making any disclosure to its stockholders if the Company Board determines in good faith, after consultation with its outside legal counsel and its financial advisor, that the failure to make such disclosure would reasonably be expected to be inconsistent with the Company Board’s fiduciary duties under applicable Legal Requirements or (ii) directing any Person (or the Representative of that Person) who makes a Company Acquisition Proposal to the provisions of this Section 4.4; provided, however, that in the case of either clause (i) or clause (ii), no such communication, statement or disclosure that would constitute a Company Change in Recommendation shall be permitted, made or taken except in accordance with Section 4.4(c).
(g)Any violation of the restrictions contained in this Section 4.4 by any of the Company’s Subsidiaries or the Representatives of the Company at the direction of the Company shall be deemed to be a breach of this Section 4.4 by the Company.
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4.5Filings; Other Action.
(a)Subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement, each of the parties hereto shall cooperate with the other and use (and shall cause their respective Affiliates to use), and Parent shall cause each Person who is deemed by a Governmental Entity to “control” Parent or will be deemed by a Governmental Entity to “control” any of the Company Insurance Subsidiaries following the Closing (each such Person, a “Control Person”) to cooperate with the parties hereto and to use and cause their respective Affiliates to use, their respective reasonable best efforts to fulfill all conditions applicable to such party pursuant to this Agreement and to consummate and make effective, as promptly as practicable, the transactions contemplated hereby, including using reasonable best efforts to (i) prepare and file promptly and fully all documentation to effect all necessary and advisable filings, notifications, notices, petitions, statements, registrations, submissions of information, applications and other documents (including any required filings under applicable Antitrust Laws and Legal Requirements relating to the acquisition of control of insurance companies) that are or may become necessary, proper or advisable in connection with the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement; (ii) obtain as promptly as reasonably practicable (and in any event no later than the End Date) all approvals, consents, clearances, expirations or terminations of waiting periods, registrations, permits, authorizations and other confirmations from any Governmental Entity that are or may become necessary, proper or advisable to consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement; and (iii) obtain all necessary consents, approvals or waivers from third parties. Except as set forth in Part 4.5(a) of the Parent Disclosure Schedule, neither Parent nor any of its applicable Affiliates shall, and Parent shall cause each of the Control Persons not to, at any time prior to the Closing, file any application with or request for approval or non-disapproval by any Governmental Entity with respect to any inter-Affiliate transaction between the Company or any of its Affiliates, on the one hand, and any of the post-Closing Affiliates of any of them (including Parent and any of its Affiliates or Control Persons), on the other hand, in each case that would require approval or non-disapproval under applicable Legal Requirements. Parent acknowledges and agrees that any breach by any Affiliate of Parent or any Control Person, of the provisions of this Section 4.5(a) (assuming, solely for this purpose, that such Affiliate or Control Person was bound to the same covenants in this Section 4.5(a) as Parent) shall constitute a breach of this Section 4.5(a) by Parent.
(b)Each party shall use their respective reasonable best efforts to file, as promptly as reasonably practicable after the date of this Agreement, and Parent shall cause the Control Persons to file, all notices, reports and other documents required to be filed by such Person with any Governmental Entity with respect to the Mergers and the other transactions contemplated by this Agreement, and to submit as promptly as reasonably practicable any additional information requested by any such Governmental Entity. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, (i) each of Parent and the Company shall, in consultation and cooperation with the other within twenty (20) Business Days after the date of this Agreement (or such other date as may be mutually agreed to by Parent and the Company), prepare and file the notifications required under the HSR Act; and (ii) as promptly as reasonably practicable after the date of this Agreement, but in no event later than as required by applicable Legal Requirements, prepare and file, or pre-file with regard to any Governmental Entity that requires such pre-filing prior to any formal filing of, all other notifications required under any other Antitrust Laws or other Legal Requirements. In addition and without limiting the generality of the foregoing, Parent shall file, and shall cause
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each Control Person to file, within twenty (20) Business Days after the date of this Agreement, a “Form A” Approval of Acquisition of Control with the Delaware Department of Insurance with respect to the acquisition of control of the Company Insurance Subsidiaries. Each party shall promptly notify the other party and provide copies to the other party of any substantive written notice or other written communication from any Governmental Authority in connection with any current or pending Governmental Authorizations (other than those that are administrative or ministerial in nature). Parent and the Company shall, and Parent shall cause the Control Persons to, use their respective reasonable best efforts to respond as promptly as reasonably practicable to any inquiries or requests for additional information or documentary material received from any state attorney general, antitrust authority or other Governmental Entity pursuant or related to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.
(c)Subject to the provisions of the Non-Disclosure Agreement, Parent and the Company each shall, and Parent shall cause the Control Persons to, promptly supply the other with any information that may be required in order to effectuate any filings (including applications) pursuant to (and to otherwise comply with its obligations set forth in) Section 4.5(a) and Section 4.5(b). Each of Parent and the Company, as it deems advisable and necessary, may reasonably designate competitively sensitive material provided to the other as “outside counsel only” or with similar restrictions. Each of Parent and the Company may also reasonably redact the material as necessary to (i) comply with other contractual arrangements or applicable Legal Requirements or (ii) prevent the loss of protection under the attorney-client privilege or the attorney work product doctrine. Such materials and the information contained therein shall be given only to the outside legal counsel of the recipient and, with the prior written consent of the disclosing party, to economic or other experts retained by the outside counsel of the recipient, or otherwise as the restriction indicates, and be subject to any additional confidentiality or joint defense agreement between the parties. Except where prohibited by applicable Legal Requirements or any Governmental Entity, and subject to the provisions of the Non-Disclosure Agreement, each of Parent and the Company shall (i) consult with the other in good faith prior to taking a position with respect to any filing required or advisable pursuant to Section 4.5(a) and Section 4.5(b); (ii) permit the other to review and discuss in advance, and consider in good faith the views of the other in connection with, any analyses, appearances, presentations, memoranda, letters, responses to requests, briefs, white papers, arguments, opinions and proposals before making or submitting any of the foregoing to any Governmental Entity by or on behalf of any party in connection with any such filing or any Legal Proceeding in connection with this Agreement or the transactions contemplated hereby; (iii) coordinate with the other in preparing and exchanging such information; (iv) promptly provide the other party’s counsel with copies of all filings, notices, analyses, presentations, memoranda, letters, responses to requests, briefs, white papers, opinions, proposals and other submissions (and a summary of any oral presentations) made or submitted by such party with or to any Governmental Entity in connection with any filing required by Section 4.5(a) and Section 4.5(b) in connection with this Agreement or the transactions contemplated hereby; and (v) consult with the other party in advance of any meeting, video conference or teleconference with any Governmental Entity or, in connection with any proceeding by a private party, with any other Person, and, to the extent not prohibited by the Governmental Entity or other Person, give the other party the opportunity to attend and participate in such meetings, video conferences and teleconferences. Parent shall be responsible for the payment of all filing fees pursuant to Antitrust Laws or insurance regulatory Legal Requirements and in connection with the transactions contemplated hereby.
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(d)Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Agreement, without the prior written consent of Parent (not to be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed), neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries or Affiliates will offer, propose, negotiate, agree or consent to any accommodation, concession, commitment, condition or remedy (financial or otherwise) to or with any Governmental Entity or any third party in connection with seeking or obtaining approvals or consents for the transactions contemplated by this Agreement. Without the prior written consent of the other party, neither Parent or any of its Affiliates or Control Person, on the one hand, nor the Company, on the other hand, shall enter into any agreement relating to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement with any Governmental Entity or take any other action that would reasonably be expected to materially delay the Closing or the expiration or termination of any waiting period under the HSR Act or any other applicable Legal Requirement.
(e)If any administrative or judicial action or proceeding, including any proceeding by a private party, is instituted (or threatened to be instituted) challenging any transaction contemplated by this Agreement as violative of any Antitrust Law or other Legal Requirement, each of Parent and the Company shall, and Parent shall cause each Control Person to, use reasonable best efforts to contest and resist any such action or proceeding and to have vacated, lifted, reversed or overturned any decree, judgment, injunction or other order, whether temporary, preliminary or permanent, that is in effect and that prohibits, prevents or restricts consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement. Subject to the proviso below, Parent shall, and shall cause its Affiliates and the Control Persons to, take or refrain from taking, and agree or commit to take or refrain from taking, any and all actions, or suffer to exist any limitation, action, restriction, condition or requirement, as applicable, in each case that are necessary to avoid each and every impediment under any applicable Legal Requirements that may be asserted by, or judgment, decree and Order that may be entered by or with, any Governmental Entity with respect to this Agreement or other transactions contemplated hereby this Agreement so as to enable the Closing to occur as promptly as practicable, including any of the foregoing as is necessary, proper or advisable to (i) obtain all approvals, consents, clearances, expirations from any Governmental Entities necessary, proper or advisable to consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, (ii) resolve any objections that may be asserted by any Governmental Entity with respect to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and (iii) prevent the entry of, and have vacated, lifted, reversed or overturned, any judgment, decree or Order of any Governmental Entity that would prevent, prohibit, restrict or delay the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement; provided that, notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Agreement, in no event shall Parent or any of its Affiliates or the Control Persons be required to take any action, including entering into any consent decree, hold separate order or other arrangement, that (when taken together with all other such actions) would have, or would reasonably be expected to have, a material adverse effect on (A) the business, financial condition or results of operations of (x) the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, or (y) Parent and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, or (B) the aggregate economic benefits that Parent reasonably expects to receive from the transactions contemplated by this Agreement (each of (A) and (B), a “Burdensome Condition”).
(f)Each of Parent and the Company agrees that, prior to the earlier of the First Effective Time and the termination of this Agreement pursuant to Section 6.1, it shall not, and shall ensure that none of its Subsidiaries or Affiliates shall, consummate, enter into any
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agreement providing for, or authorize, announce, commit to or approve, any investment, acquisition, divestiture, business combination or other transaction that would reasonably be expected to materially delay, materially impede or prevent the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.
4.6Access.
(a)Upon reasonable prior notice, the Company shall afford Parent and its Representatives reasonable access, during normal business hours throughout the period prior to the First Effective Time, to the Company’s and its Subsidiaries personnel, properties, Contracts, filings with Governmental Entities and books and records and, during such period, the Company shall furnish promptly to Parent all reasonably available information concerning its business as Parent may reasonably request in each case for the purposes of integration planning and the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement; provided, however, that the Company shall not be required to permit any inspection or provide other access, or to disclose any information, that in the reasonable judgment of the Company would (i) unreasonably interfere with the business or operations of the Company and its Subsidiaries, (ii) violate any obligation of the Company with respect to confidentiality or privacy; (iii) jeopardize protections afforded the Company under the attorneyclient privilege, the attorney work product doctrine or similar legal privilege or protection; (iv) violate any Legal Requirement; or (v) result in the disclosure of any trade secrets of any third parties, competitively sensitive information, information concerning the valuation of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or Personal Data that would expose the Company to the risk of liability; provided that in each case the Company shall inform Parent of the nature of the information being withheld, and shall use its reasonable best efforts to make alternative arrangements that would allow Parent (or its applicable Representative) access to such information. All information obtained by or provided to Parent and its Representatives pursuant to this Agreement shall be treated as “Confidential Information” of the Company for purposes of the Non-Disclosure Agreement.
(b)To the extent that any of the information or material furnished pursuant to this Agreement may include material subject to the attorney-client privilege, work product doctrine or any other applicable privilege, the parties understand and agree that they have a commonality of interest with respect to such matters and it is their desire, intention and mutual understanding that the sharing of such material is not intended to, and shall not, waive or diminish in any way the confidentiality of such material or its continued protection under the attorney-client privilege, work product doctrine or any other applicable privilege. All such information that is entitled to protection under the attorney-client privilege, work product doctrine or any other applicable privilege shall remain entitled to such protection under these privileges, this Agreement, and under the joint defense doctrine.
(c)No exchange of information or investigation by Parent or its Representatives shall affect or be deemed to affect, modify or waive the representations and warranties of the Company set forth in this Agreement. No exchange of information or investigation by the Company or its Representatives shall affect or be deemed to affect, modify or waive the representations and warranties of Parent set forth in this Agreement.
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4.7Publicity. Parent and the Company shall consult with one another prior to issuing, and shall provide each other with the opportunity to review and comment upon, any public announcement, statement or other disclosure with respect to this Agreement or the Mergers and shall not issue any such public announcement or statement prior to such consultation, except as may be required by applicable Legal Requirement or by the rules and regulations of Nasdaq or the NYSE (in which event Parent or the Company, as applicable, shall endeavor, on a basis reasonable under the circumstances, to provide a meaningful opportunity to the other party to review and comment upon such public announcement or statement in advance, and shall give due consideration to all reasonable additions, deletions or changes suggested thereto by Parent or the Company, as applicable); provided that (i) Parent may make public announcements, statements or other disclosures concerning this Agreement or the Mergers that consist of information previously disclosed in previous public announcements, statements or other disclosures made by Parent in compliance with this Section 4.7, (ii) this Section 4.7 shall not apply to any press release or other public announcement or disclosure in connection with any Company Change in Recommendation effected by the Company Board to the extent permitted by and in compliance with Section 4.4, and (iii) Parent may make any public statements to the press, analysts, investors or those participating in investor calls or industry conferences. The Company and Parent agree to issue the previously agreed upon form of joint press release announcing the execution and delivery of this Agreement promptly following the execution of this Agreement.
4.8Company ESPP. The Company shall take the necessary actions with respect to the Company ESPP so that (i) any offering period in effect as of the last day of the current offering period shall be shortened by setting a new “Exercise Date” (within the meaning of the Company ESPP) in respect of such offering period that is no later than the last day of the current offering period (the “Offering Period End Date”) and on the Offering Period End Date, cause the exercise of each outstanding purchase right under the Company ESPP, except in no event shall the Company permit any new participants to enroll in, or any current participants to increase payroll deduction or other contribution elections under, the Company ESPP on or following the date hereof; and (ii) as of the Offering Period End Date, the Company ESPP shall be suspended, and no offering periods or purchase periods shall be thereafter commenced and no payroll deductions or other contributions shall be thereafter made or effected with respect to the Company ESPP.
4.9Certain Tax Matters.
(a)For U.S. federal income Tax purposes, (i) the parties hereto intend that the Mergers, taken together, should qualify as a “reorganization” within the meaning of Section 368(a) of the Code (the “Intended Tax Treatment”) and (ii) this Agreement is intended to be, and is hereby adopted as, a “plan of reorganization” for purposes of Treasury Regulations Section 1.368-2(g) and 1.368-3(a), to which the Parent, the Acquisition Subs and the Company are parties under Section 368(b) of the Code.
(b)Both prior to and following each of the First Effective Time and Second Effective Time, (x) Parent shall not make (or permit Acquisition Sub II to make) any election to classify Acquisition Sub II as a corporation for U.S. federal income Tax purposes, and (y) Parent, the Acquisition Subs and the Company shall use their respective commercially reasonable efforts,
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and shall cause their respective Subsidiaries to use their commercially reasonable efforts, to take or cause to be taken any action necessary for the Mergers, taken together, to qualify for the Intended Tax Treatment, including (i) reasonably refraining from any action that such party knows, or is reasonably expected to know, is reasonably likely to prevent the Mergers, taken together, to qualify for the Intended Tax Treatment and (ii) not taking any tax reporting position inconsistent with the Intended Tax Treatment for U.S. federal (and applicable state and local) income Tax purposes, unless otherwise required pursuant to (i) a change in applicable Tax Law, or (ii) a “determination” within the meaning of Section 1313(a) of the Code (or corresponding or similar provision of state or local Tax Law).
(c)Each of Parent and the Company shall reasonably cooperate with one another and their respective counsel and use its commercially reasonable efforts to obtain (i) the Parent Tax Opinion, and (ii) the Company Tax Opinion, in each case, including by executing and delivering customary tax representation letters (not to be inconsistent with this Agreement and dated as of the date of such opinion) as Parent Tax Counsel and Company Tax Counsel may reasonably request in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to Parent Tax Counsel and Company Tax Counsel. Each of the Parties hereto further acknowledges and hereby agrees that it is not a condition to the Closing that (x) the Mergers, taken together, qualify for the Intended Tax Treatment or (y) the Parent Tax Opinion or Company Tax Opinion be delivered to Parent and the Company, respectively.
4.10Indemnification; Directors’ and Officers’ Insurance.
(a)For a period of no less than six (6) years after the First Effective Time, the Surviving Company shall indemnify and hold harmless, and provide advancement of expenses to, all current or former directors and officers of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, and any Person who becomes a director or officer of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries prior to the First Effective Time (together with their respective heirs and representatives, the “Indemnified Parties”) to the fullest extent permitted by applicable Legal Requirements in respect of acts or omissions occurring or alleged to have occurred at or prior to the First Effective Time, whether asserted or claimed prior to, at or after the First Effective Time, by reason of the fact of such Persons serving as an officer or director of the Company or any of the Subsidiaries of the Company. The parties hereto agree that for six (6) years after the First Effective Time all rights to elimination or limitation of liability, indemnification, exculpation or advancement of expenses for acts or omissions occurring or alleged to have occurred at or prior to the First Effective Time, whether asserted or claimed prior to, at or after the First Effective Time, now existing in favor of the Indemnified Parties as provided in the Organizational Documents of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or in any written agreement between the Company or any of its Subsidiaries and such Person that is publicly filed or otherwise in effect as of the date of this Agreement shall survive the Mergers and shall continue in full force and effect. For six (6) years after the First Effective Time, the Surviving Company shall cause to be maintained in effect the provisions in (i) the Organizational Documents of the Company and each of the Subsidiaries of the Company; and (ii) any other agreements of the Company or any of the Subsidiaries of the Company with any Indemnified Party, in each case, regarding exculpation, elimination or limitation of liability, indemnification of officers and directors or other fiduciaries and advancement of expenses that are in existence on the date of this Agreement, and no such provision shall be amended, modified or repealed in any manner that would materially and adversely affect the rights or protections
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thereunder of any such Indemnified Party in respect of acts or omissions occurring or alleged to have occurred at or prior to the First Effective Time without the consent of such Indemnified Party.
(b)For a period of no less than six (6) years following the First Effective Time, the Surviving Company shall cause to be maintained in effect the existing policy of the Company’s directors’ and officers’ liability insurance (or a comparable replacement policy) (the “D&O Policy”) covering claims arising from facts or events that occurred at or prior to the First Effective Time (including for acts or omissions occurring in connection with this Agreement and the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement) and covering each of the Company’s current directors and officers, in any case on terms with respect to coverage and amounts that are no less favorable than those terms in effect on the date of this Agreement; provided, however, that in no event shall the Surviving Company be required to expend in any one (1) year an amount in excess of 300% of the current annual premium paid by the Company (which annual premium is set forth in Part 4.10(b) of the Company Disclosure Schedule) for such insurance (such 300% amount, the “Maximum Annual Premium”); and provided further, however, that if the annual premium of such insurance coverage exceeds the Maximum Annual Premium, the Surviving Company shall be obligated to obtain a policy with the greatest comparable coverage available for a cost not exceeding the Maximum Annual Premium. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, the Company may, or if the Company is unable to, Parent may on its behalf, prior to the First Effective Time, purchase a six (6)-year “tail” prepaid policy on the D&O Policy with an annual cost not in excess of the Maximum Annual Premium, and in the event that Parent or the Company shall purchase such a “tail” policy, Parent and the Surviving Company shall maintain such “tail” policy in full force and effect and continue to honor their respective obligations thereunder, in lieu of all other applicable obligations of the Surviving Company under the first sentence of this Section 4.10(b) for so long as such “tail” policy shall be maintained in full force and effect.
(c)Each of the Indemnified Parties or other Persons who are beneficiaries under the D&O Policy or the “tail” policy referred to in Section 4.10(b) (and, after the death of any of the foregoing Persons, such Person’s heirs and representatives) are intended to be third party beneficiaries of this Section 4.10, with full rights of enforcement as if a party thereto. The rights of the Indemnified Parties (and other Persons who are beneficiaries under the D&O Policy or the “tail” policy referred to in Section 4.10(b) (and their heirs and representatives)) under this Section 4.10 shall be in addition to, and not in substitution for, any other rights that such Persons may have under the Organizational Documents of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, any and all indemnification agreements of or entered into by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or applicable Legal Requirements (whether at law or in equity).
(d)In the event that Parent, the Surviving Company or any of their respective Subsidiaries (or any of their respective successors or assigns) shall consolidate or merge with any other Person and shall not be the continuing or surviving corporation or entity in such consolidation or merger, then in each case, to the extent necessary to protect the rights of the Indemnified Parties and other Persons who are beneficiaries under the D&O Policy or the “tail” policy referred to in Section 4.10(b) (and their respective heirs and representatives), proper provision shall be made so that the continuing or surviving corporation or entity (or its successors or assigns, if applicable) shall assume the obligations set forth in this Section 4.10.
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4.11Employee Matters.
(a)From the Closing Date until the twelve (12)-month anniversary of the Closing Date (or, if sooner, until the date of termination of employment of the relevant Continuing Employee), Parent shall or cause the Company to, provide each employee employed by the Company as of immediately prior to the Closing Date who remains so employed as of immediately following the Closing Date (each a “Continuing Employee”), with (i) a base salary that is substantially comparable in the aggregate to that provided to such Continuing Employee immediately prior to the Closing Date, (ii) target cash incentive compensation opportunities that are substantially comparable to those provided to similarly situated employees of Parent and its Affiliates, and (iii) employee benefits that are the same, in the aggregate, as those provided to similarly situated employees of Parent and its Affiliates.
(b)Parent shall treat, and shall use reasonable best efforts to cause each benefit plan sponsored, maintained, or contributed to by Parent or any of its Subsidiaries after the Closing (including, follow the Closing, the Surviving Company) and in which any Continuing Employee participates (each, a “Parent Benefit Plan”) to recognize, for purposes of determining eligibility to participate and vesting, all past service with the Company or any of its Subsidiaries earned prior to the Closing Date as service with Parent and its Affiliates; provided that such service shall not be recognized to the extent that such recognition would result in a duplication of compensation, benefits or coverage.
(c)Parent shall use reasonable best efforts to cause each Parent Benefit Plan, that is a group health plan, within the meaning of Section 3(1) of ERISA: (i) to waive any and all eligibility waiting periods, evidence of insurability requirements, and pre-existing condition limitations and exclusions with respect to each Continuing Employee to the extent waived, satisfied, or not included under the analogous Company Plan, and (ii) with respect to the year in which the Closing occurs, to recognize for each Continuing Employee for purposes of applying annual deductible, co-insurance, and out-of-pocket maximums under each Parent Benefit Plan that provides group health benefits any deductible, co-insurance, and out-of-pocket expenses paid by the Continuing Employee and credited under the analogous Company Plan during the portion of the plan year prior to the Closing Date.
(d)Except as set forth in this Section 4.11, no provision of this Agreement, including this Section 4.11, is intended, or shall be interpreted, to provide or create any third party beneficiary rights, claims or benefits or any other rights of any kind or nature whatsoever in any Continuing Employee, consultant, contractor, or any other Person performing similar functions, including any rights of employment or service for any specified period and/or any employee benefits, in favor of any union, association, Continuing Employee, consultant, or contractor or any other Person performing similar functions. In addition, no provision of this Agreement, including this Section 4.11, is intended, or shall be interpreted, to establish or amend any term or condition of any Company Plan, any Parent Benefit Plan, or any other employee benefit or compensation plan, program, or policy of any of the Company, Parent, or any of their respective Affiliates or to alter or limit the ability of any of the Company, Parent, or their respective Affiliates to amend, modify, or terminate any Company Plan or Parent Benefit Plan or any other benefit plan, program, agreement, or arrangement at any time assumed, maintained, sponsored or contributed to by any of them.
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4.12Stockholder Litigation. The Company shall provide Parent with prompt written notice of, and copies of all pleadings and material correspondence relating to, any Legal Proceeding against the Company or any of its directors or officers by any holder of shares of Company Common Stock arising out of or relating to this Agreement or the transactions contemplated by this Agreement. The Company shall give Parent the opportunity to participate, at Parent’s sole cost and expense, in the defense, settlement, or compromise of any such Legal Proceeding, and no such settlement or compromise shall be agreed to without the prior written consent of Parent (not to be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed).
1.13Stock Exchange Listing and Delisting. Parent shall use its reasonable best efforts to cause the shares of Parent Common Stock to be issued in the First Merger, including the shares of Parent Common Stock to be issued upon the exercise of converted Company Options and upon vesting and settlement of converted Company RSUs, to be approved for listing (subject to notice of issuance) on the NYSE at or prior to the First Effective Time. Prior to the Closing, the Company shall cooperate with Parent to cause the shares of Company Common Stock to be delisted from Nasdaq and deregistered under the Exchange Act as soon as practicable following the First Effective Time.
4.14Section 16 Matters. Prior to the First Effective Time, the Parent Board and the Company Board, respectively, shall take all actions that may be required or appropriate to cause any dispositions of shares of Company Common Stock (including derivative securities with respect to shares of Company Common Stock) or acquisitions of Parent Common Stock (including derivative securities with respect to Parent Common Stock) in connection with the transactions contemplated by Section 1 by each individual who is, or as a result of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement will be, subject to the reporting requirements of Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act with respect to the Company or is, or will as a result of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement become, subject to such reporting requirements with respect to Parent, to be exempt under Rule 16b-3 promulgated under the Exchange Act.
4.15Director Resignations. The Company shall cause to be delivered to Parent prior to the Closing resignations, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to Parent, executed by each director of the Company in office as of immediately prior to the First Effective Time, in each case, conditioned and effective upon the First Effective Time.
4.16Takeover Statutes. If any antitakeover or similar statute or regulation is or may become applicable to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, each of the parties hereto and its respective Board of Directors shall (a) grant any approvals and take all any actions necessary so that the transactions contemplated by this Agreement may be consummated as promptly as practicable on the terms contemplated hereby and (b) otherwise act to eliminate or minimize the effects of any such statute or regulation on the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.
4.17Termination of Certain Agreements. On and as of the Closing, the Company shall take all actions necessary to cause the Contracts listed in Part 4.17 of the Company Disclosure Schedule to be terminated without any further force and effect and without any cost or other liability or obligation to the Company or its Subsidiaries, and there shall be no further obligations of any of the relevant parties thereunder following the Closing.
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Section 5.CONDITIONS TO EACH PARTY’S OBLIGATION TO EFFECT THE MERGER
5.1Conditions Precedent to Each Party’s Obligations. The obligations of each party to effect the Mergers and otherwise cause the transactions contemplated by this Agreement to be consummated are subject to the satisfaction or waiver, as of the Closing, of each of the following conditions:
(a)Effectiveness of Registration Statement. The Form S-4 Registration Statement shall have become effective in accordance with the provisions of the Securities Act, no stop order shall have been issued by the SEC and shall remain in effect with respect to the Form S-4 Registration Statement, and no proceedings for that purpose shall have been commenced or be threatened in writing by the SEC that has not been withdrawn.
(b)Company Stockholder Approval. The Required Company Stockholder Vote shall have been obtained.
(c)Governmental Approvals. (i) Any waiting period (or any agreed upon (in accordance with Section 4.5(d)) extension of any waiting period or commitment not to consummate the Mergers for any period of time) applicable to the consummation of the Mergers under the HSR Act shall have expired or been terminated, and there shall be no agreement (agreed upon in accordance with Section 4.5(d)) pending or in effect between Parent and any Governmental Entity not to close; and (ii) any Governmental Authorization identified in Part 5.1(c)(ii) of the Company Disclosure Schedule shall have been made or obtained and shall remain in full force and effect.
(d)Listing. The shares of Parent Common Stock to be issued pursuant to the First Merger, including the shares of Parent Common Stock to be issued upon the exercise of converted Company Options and upon vesting of converted Company RSUs, shall have been approved for listing (subject to notice of issuance) on the NYSE.
(e)No Restraints. No Legal Requirement or Order preventing, enjoining or making illegal the consummation of the Mergers shall have been entered, issued or adopted by any court of competent jurisdiction or other Governmental Entity of competent jurisdiction and remain in effect (any such Legal Requirement or Order issued by a court of competent jurisdiction or other Governmental Entity of competent jurisdiction, a “Relevant Legal Restraint”).
5.2Additional Conditions Precedent to Parent’s Obligations. The obligation of Parent to cause the Mergers to be effected and otherwise cause the transactions contemplated by this Agreement to be consummated are subject to the satisfaction or waiver by Parent, as of the Closing, of each of the following conditions:
(a)Accuracy of Representations. (i) The representations and warranties of the Company contained in Section 2.3(a), Section 2.3(c) (first sentence only), Section 2.3(d) and Section 2.3(e) shall be true and accurate, other than de minimis inaccuracies, at and as of the Closing Date as if made at and as of such time (except to the extent that any such representation and warranty expressly speaks as of a particular date or period of time, in which case such representation and warranty shall be true and accurate, other than de minimis inaccuracies, as of
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such particular date or period of time); (ii) the representations and warranties of the Company contained in Section 2.1(a), Section 2.3(c) (second sentence only), Section 2.4, Section 2.5, Section 2.6(a)(i), Section 2.20, Section 2.22, Section 2.23 and Section 2.24 (last sentence only) shall be true and accurate in all material respects at and as of the Closing Date as if made at and as of such time (except to the extent that any such representation and warranty expressly speaks as of a particular date or period of time, in which case such representation and warranty shall be true and accurate in all material respects as of such particular date or period of time); provided, however, that, in the case of this clause (ii), for purposes of determining the accuracy of such representations and warranties, all materiality, “Company Material Adverse Effect” and similar qualifications set forth in such representations and warranties shall be disregarded; (iii) the representations and warranties of the Company contained in Section 2.24 (first sentence only) shall be true and accurate at and as of the Closing Date as if made at and as of such time (except to the extent that any such representation and warranty expressly speaks as of a particular date or period of time, in which case such representation and warranty shall be true and accurate as of such particular date or period of time); and (iv) the representations and warranties of the Company set forth in this Agreement (other than those representations and warranties referred to in the foregoing clauses (i), (ii) and (iii)) shall be true and accurate in all respects at and as of the Closing Date as if made at and as of such time (except to the extent that any such representation and warranty expressly speaks as of a particular date or period of time, in which case such representation and warranty shall be so true and accurate as of such particular date or period of time), except as, individually or in the aggregate has not constituted or resulted in, a Company Material Adverse Effect; provided, however, that, in the case of this clause (iv), for purposes of determining the accuracy of such representations and warranties, all materiality, “Company Material Adverse Effect” and similar qualifications set forth in such representations and warranties shall be disregarded; provided that the reference to Company Material Adverse Effect in Section 2.8(a) shall be given effect.
(b)Performance of Covenants. The covenants in this Agreement that the Company is required to comply with or to perform at or prior to the Closing shall have been complied with and performed in all material respects.
(c)No Company Material Adverse Effect. Since the date of this Agreement, there shall not have occurred any Effects that, individually or in the aggregate, have constituted or resulted in, a Company Material Adverse Effect.
(d)Certificate. Parent shall have received a certificate, dated as of the Closing Date and executed by the Chief Executive Officer or Chief Financial Officer of the Company, confirming that the conditions set forth in Section 5.2(a), Section 5.2(b) and Section 5.2(c) have been duly satisfied.
5.3Additional Conditions Precedent to the Company’s Obligations. The obligation of the Company to effect the Mergers and otherwise consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement is subject to the satisfaction or waiver by the Company, as of the Closing, of each of the following conditions:
(a)Accuracy of Representations. (i) The representations and warranties of Parent contained in Section 3.3(a), Section 3.3(c) (first sentence only), Section 3.3(d) and Section 3.3(e)
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shall be true and accurate, other than de minimis inaccuracies, at and as of the Closing Date as if made at and as of such time (except to the extent that any such representation and warranty expressly speaks as of a particular date or period of time, in which case such representation and warranty shall be true and accurate, other than de minimis inaccuracies, as of such particular date or period of time); (ii) the representations and warranties of Parent and the Acquisition Subs contained in Section 3.1(a), Section 3.3(c) (second sentence only), Section 3.4, Section 3.5(a)(i), Section 3.10 and Section 3.13 shall be true and accurate in all material respects at and as of the Closing Date as if made at and as of such time (except to the extent that any such representation and warranty expressly speaks as of a particular date or period of time, in which case such representation and warranty shall be true and accurate in all material respects as of such particular date or period of time); provided, however, that, in the case of this clause (ii), for purposes of determining the accuracy of such representations and warranties, all materiality, “Parent Material Adverse Effect” and similar qualifications set forth in such representations and warranties shall be disregarded; and (iii) the representations and warranties of Parent and the Acquisition Subs set forth in this Agreement (other than those representations and warranties referred to in the foregoing clauses (i) and (ii)) shall be true and accurate in all respects at and as of the Closing Date as if made at and as of such time (except to the extent that any such representation and warranty expressly speaks as of a particular date or period of time, in which case such representation and warranty shall be so true and accurate as of such particular date or period of time), except as, individually or in the aggregate, has not constituted or resulted in, a Parent Material Adverse Effect; provided, however, that, in the case of this clause (iii), for purposes of determining the accuracy of such representations and warranties, all materiality, “Parent Material Adverse Effect” and similar qualifications set forth in such representations and warranties shall be disregarded; provided that the reference to Parent Material Adverse Effect in Section 3.7(a) shall be given effect.
(b)Performance of Covenants. The covenants in this Agreement that Parent is required to comply with or to perform at or prior to the Closing shall have been complied with and performed in all material respects.
(c)No Parent Material Adverse Effect. Since the date of this Agreement, there shall not have occurred any Effects that, individually or in the aggregate, have constituted or resulted in a Parent Material Adverse Effect.
(d)Certificate. The Company shall have received a certificate, dated as of the Closing Date and executed by the Chief Executive Officer or Chief Financial Officer of Parent, confirming that the conditions set forth in Section 5.3(a), Section 5.3(b) and Section 5.3(c) have been duly satisfied.
5.4Frustration of Closing Conditions. None of Parent, the Acquisition Subs or the Company may rely on the failure of any condition set forth in this Section 5 to be satisfied as a condition precedent to any right or obligation of such party hereunder if such failure was caused by such party’s breach of this Agreement.
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Section 6.TERMINATION
6.1Termination. This Agreement may be terminated and the Mergers may be abandoned:
(a)by mutual written consent of Parent and the Company at any time prior to the First Effective Time;
(b)by Parent or the Company if the Mergers shall not have been consummated by the close of business on August 8, 2022 (as such date may be extended pursuant to the provisos below or pursuant to this Section 6.1(b), the “End Date”); provided, that if any of the conditions to the Closing set forth in Section 5.1(c) or Section 5.1(e) has not been satisfied or waived on or prior to the close of business on the End Date but all other conditions to Closing set forth in Sections 5.1, 5.2 and 5.3 have been satisfied (other than those conditions that by their nature are to be satisfied at the Closing, so long as such conditions are capable of being satisfied if the Closing were to occur on the End Date) or waived, the End Date will be automatically extended, without any action on the part of any party hereto, to November 8, 2022 and, if so extended, such date shall be the “End Date”; and provided, further, that if the satisfaction of the last to be satisfied or waived of the conditions set forth in Section 5 (other than those conditions that by their nature are to be satisfied at the Closing) occurs less than two (2) Business Days prior to the End Date, the End Date shall be deemed extended to the extent necessary to permit the Closing to occur; and provided, further, that a party shall not be permitted to terminate this Agreement pursuant to this Section 6.1(b) if the material breach by such party (or any Affiliate of such party or Control Person of such party) of any of such party’s obligation under this Agreement shall have been the primary cause of, or primarily resulted in, the failure of the First Effective Time to have occurred on or before the End Date;
(c)by Parent or the Company at any time prior to the First Effective Time if a Relevant Legal Restraint permanently preventing, enjoining or making illegal the consummation of the Mergers shall have become final and non-appealable; provided, that the party seeking to terminate the Agreement shall have used reasonable best efforts to prevent the entry of and to remove such Relevant Legal Restraint in accordance with Section 4.5; provided, further, that a party shall not be permitted to terminate this Agreement pursuant to this Section 6.1(c) if the material breach by such party (or any Affiliate of such party) of any of such party’s obligation under this Agreement shall have materially contributed to such Relevant Legal Restraint;
(d)by Parent at any time prior to obtaining the Required Company Stockholder Vote if (i) the Company Board shall have failed to include the Company Board Recommendation in the Proxy Statement/Prospectus or shall have made a Company Change in Recommendation or (ii) the Company shall have breached in any material respects Section 4.2 or Section 4.4;
(e)by either Parent or the Company if (i) the Company Stockholder Meeting (including any adjournments and postponements thereof) shall have been held and completed and (ii) the Required Company Stockholder Vote shall not have been obtained;
(f)by Parent if (i) any of the Company’s representations and warranties contained in this Agreement shall be inaccurate such that the condition set forth in Section 5.2(a) would not be satisfied; or (ii) any of the Company’s covenants contained in this Agreement shall have been
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breached such that the condition set forth in Section 5.2(b) would not be satisfied; provided, however, that for purposes of clauses (i) and (ii) above, if an inaccuracy in any of the Company’s representations and warranties or a breach of a covenant of the Company is curable by the Company by the End Date and the Company is continuing to exercise its reasonable best efforts to cure such inaccuracy or breach, then Parent may not terminate this Agreement under this Section 6.1(f) on account of such inaccuracy or breach unless such inaccuracy or breach shall remain uncured for a period of thirty (30) days commencing on the date that the Company receives written notice of such inaccuracy or breach from Parent; provided, further, that Parent shall not have the right to terminate this Agreement pursuant to this Section 6.1(f) if Parent is then in breach of any of its representations, warranties or agreements contained in this Agreement, which breach would give rise to the failure of a condition set forth in Section 5.3(a) or Section 5.3(b); or
(g)by the Company if (i) any of Parent’s representations and warranties contained in this Agreement shall be inaccurate such that the condition set forth in Section 5.3(a) would not be satisfied; or (ii) any of Parent’s covenants contained in this Agreement shall have been breached such that the condition set forth in Section 5.3(b) would not be satisfied; provided, however, that for purposes of clauses (i) and (ii) above, if an inaccuracy in any of Parent’s representations and warranties or a breach of a covenant of Parent is curable by Parent by the End Date and Parent is continuing to exercise its reasonable best efforts to cure such inaccuracy or breach, then the Company may not terminate this Agreement under this Section 6.1(g) on account of such inaccuracy or breach unless such inaccuracy or breach shall remain uncured for a period of thirty (30) days commencing on the date that Parent receives written notice of such inaccuracy or breach from the Company; provided, further, that the Company shall not have the right to terminate this Agreement pursuant to this Section 6.1(g) if the Company is then in breach of any of its representations, warranties or agreements contained in this Agreement, which breach would give rise to the failure of a condition set forth in Section 5.2(a) or Section 5.2(b).
The party seeking to terminate this Agreement pursuant to this Section 6.1 shall give written notice of such termination to the other parties in accordance with Section 7.8, specifying the provision of this Agreement pursuant to which such termination is effected.
6.2Effect of Termination. In the event of the termination of this Agreement as provided in Section 6.1, this Agreement shall be of no further force or effect with no liability to any Person on the part of any party to this Agreement (or any of its Representatives or Affiliates); provided, however, that (a) the last sentence of Section 4.6(a), Section 4.10, this Section 6.2, Section 6.3 and Section 7 shall survive the termination of this Agreement and shall remain in full force and effect; and (b) subject to Section 6.3(c), the termination of this Agreement shall not relieve any party from any liability for any fraud or any Willful Breach of this Agreement, in which case the aggrieved party shall be entitled to all rights and remedies available at law or in equity, including liability for damages determined taking into account all relevant factors, including the loss of benefit of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement to the party, any lost stockholder premium, the time value of money, and any benefit to the breaching party or its stockholders arising from such fraud or Willful Breach. The Non-Disclosure Agreement shall not be affected by a termination of this Agreement.
6.3Termination Fees.
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(a)If this Agreement is terminated by Parent pursuant to Section 6.1(d), or by either Parent or the Company pursuant to Section 6.1(b) or Section 6.1(e) at a time when Parent would have been entitled to terminate this Agreement pursuant to Section 6.1(d), then, within two (2) Business Days after the termination of this Agreement, the Company shall cause to be paid to Parent the Termination Fee.
(b)If this Agreement is terminated (i)(A) by Parent or the Company pursuant to Section 6.1(b) or Section 6.1(e) or (B) by Parent pursuant to Section 6.1(f) as a result of a breach of the Company’s covenants set forth in Section 4.2 or Section 4.4 and (ii)(A) at or prior to the date of such termination, any Person shall have publicly announced an intention to make a Company Acquisition Proposal, or a Company Acquisition Proposal shall have been publicly disclosed, publicly announced, or otherwise publicly commenced, submitted or made at least five (5) Business Days prior to the Company Stockholder Meeting (or at least five (5) Business Days prior to the date of termination, in the case of an applicable termination other than pursuant to Section 6.1(e)); and (B) on or prior to the date that is twelve (12) months following the termination of this Agreement, either (1) a Company Acquisition Transaction is consummated or (2) a definitive agreement relating to a Company Acquisition Transaction is entered into by the Company (it being understood that, for purposes of this clause “(B),” each reference to “twenty percent (20%)” in the definition of “Company Acquisition Transaction” in Exhibit A shall be deemed to be a reference to “fifty percent (50%)”), then, within two (2) Business Days after the earlier of the consummation of such Company Acquisition Transaction or entering into a definitive agreement relating to a Company Acquisition Transaction, the Company shall cause to be paid to Parent the Termination Fee.
(c)Any Termination Fee due and payable by the Company under this Section 6.3 shall be paid by wire transfer of cash in same-day funds to an account designated in writing by Parent. For the avoidance of doubt, the Termination Fee shall be payable by the Company only once and not in duplication even though the Termination Fee may be payable by the Company under one or more provisions hereof. If the Company fails to pay the Termination Fee when due and payable by the Company, then the Company shall pay to Parent interest on such overdue amount (for the period commencing as of the date such overdue amount was originally required to be paid and ending on the date such overdue amount is actually paid to Parent) at a rate per annum equal to the “prime rate” (as published in The Wall Street Journal) in effect on the date such amount was originally required to be paid, and the Company shall pay the reasonable and documented out-of-pocket costs and expenses (including reasonable and documented legal fees and out-of-pocket expenses) in connection with any action, including the filing of any lawsuit or other legal action, taken by Parent to collect payment. The parties agree that if the Termination Fee becomes payable by, and is paid by, the Company, then such Termination Fee shall be Parent’s sole and exclusive remedy for damages against the Company and its Affiliates and its and their Representatives in connection with this Agreement, and in no event in which the Termination Fee becomes payable by, and is paid by, the Company, will Parent or any other Person seek to recover any other money damages or seek any other remedy from the Company or any other Person based on a claim in law or equity or otherwise in connection with this Agreement; provided, that nothing contained herein shall relieve any party from liability for any actual, common law fraud or Willful Breach.
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(d)Each of the parties acknowledges that the agreements contained in this Section 6.3 are an integral part of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, and that without these agreements the parties would not enter into this Agreement.
Section 7.MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS
7.1Amendment. This Agreement may be amended at any time prior to the First Effective Time (whether before or after receipt of the Required Company Stockholder Vote) by an instrument in writing signed on behalf of each of the parties hereto; provided, however, that after the Required Company Stockholder Vote has been received, no amendment shall be made which by applicable Legal Requirement or regulation of Nasdaq requires further approval of the stockholders of the Company without the further approval of such stockholders.
7.2Waiver.
(a)Except as otherwise provided in this Agreement, any failure of any of the parties to comply with any obligation, covenant, agreement or condition herein may be waived by the party or parties entitled to the benefits thereof only by a written instrument signed by the party granting such waiver. Any such waiver shall not be applicable or have any effect except in the specific instance in which it is given.
(b)No failure on the part of any party to exercise any power, right, privilege or remedy under this Agreement, and no delay on the part of any party in exercising any power, right, privilege or remedy under this Agreement, shall operate as a waiver of such power, right, privilege or remedy. No single or partial exercise of any such power, right, privilege or remedy shall preclude any other or further exercise thereof or of any other power, right, privilege or remedy.
7.3No Survival of Representations and Warranties. None of the representations and warranties contained in this Agreement, or contained in any certificate, schedule or document delivered pursuant to this Agreement or in connection with any of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, shall survive the First Effective Time. This Section 7.3 shall not limit any covenant or agreement contained in this Agreement that by its terms is to be performed in whole or in part after the First Effective Time.
7.4Entire Agreement; Non-Reliance; Third-Party Beneficiaries.
(a)This Agreement, the Voting and Support Agreement, the Company Disclosure Schedule, the Parent Disclosure Schedule and the Non-Disclosure Agreement constitute the entire agreement and supersede all prior and contemporaneous agreements and understandings, both written and oral, among or between any of the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof and thereof.
(b)Without limiting the generality of Section 7.4(a), except for the representations and warranties expressly contained in Section 2, Parent and the Acquisition Subs acknowledge and agree that the Company has not made and is not making any representations or warranties, express or implied, whatsoever regarding the subject matter of this Agreement, that none of Parent, the Acquisition Subs or any Parent Subsidiary or any of their respective Representatives
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is relying on, and none of the foregoing has relied on, in connection with each of Parent’s and the Acquisition Subs’ entry into this Agreement and agreement to consummate the transactions contemplated hereby or otherwise, any representations or warranties, express or implied, whatsoever regarding the Company, any of its Affiliates, any of their respective Representatives, any other subject matter of this Agreement or any other matter, express or implied, except for the representations and warranties expressly set forth in Section 2 of this Agreement.
(c)Without limiting the generality of Section 7.4(a), except for the representations and warranties expressly contained in Section 3, the Company acknowledges and agrees that Parent has not made and is not making any representations or warranties, express or implied, whatsoever regarding the subject matter of this Agreement, that none of the Company, its Subsidiaries or any of their respective Representatives is relying on, and none of the foregoing has relied on, in connection with the Company’s entry into this Agreement and agreement to consummate the transactions contemplated hereby or otherwise, any representations or warranties, express or implied, whatsoever regarding Parent, any of its Affiliates, any of their respective Representatives, any other subject matter of this Agreement or any other matter, express or implied, except for the representations and warranties expressly set forth in Section 3 of this Agreement.
(d)Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement or any other agreement, document or instrument delivered or to be delivered in connection herewith, none of Parent, the Acquisitions Subs or the Company makes any representations or warranties with respect to, and nothing contained in this Agreement or in any other agreement, document or instrument to be delivered in connection herewith is intended or shall be construed to be a representation or warranty, express or implied, in respect of, the adequacy or sufficiency of reserves, or the effect of the adequacy or sufficiency of reserves on any line item, asset, liability or equity amount on any financial or other document.
(e)Parent, the Company and the Acquisition Subs agree that their respective representations and warranties set forth in this Agreement are solely for the benefit of the other parties hereto, in accordance with and subject to the terms of this Agreement, and this Agreement is not intended to, and does not, confer upon any Person other than Parent, the Company, and the Acquisition Subs and their respective successors, legal representatives and permitted assigns any rights or remedies, express or implied, hereunder, including the right to rely upon the representations and warranties set forth in this Agreement, except as set forth in Section 7.7. The representations and warranties in this Agreement are the product of negotiations among the parties. Any inaccuracies in such representations and warranties are subject to waiver by the parties in accordance with this Agreement without notice or liability to any other Person. In some instances, the representations and warranties in this Agreement may represent an allocation among the parties of risks associated with particular matters regardless of the knowledge of any of the parties. Consequently, Persons other than the parties may not rely upon the representations and warranties in this Agreement as characterizations of actual facts or circumstances as of the date of this Agreement or as of any other date.
(f)Notwithstanding the foregoing, nothing in this Section 7.4 shall restrain, limit, restrict or prohibit any claim based on fraud or Willful Breach.
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7.5Applicable Law; Jurisdiction.
(a)This Agreement is made under, and shall be construed and enforced in accordance with, the laws of the State of Delaware applicable to agreements made and to be performed solely therein, without giving effect to principles of conflicts of law. Each of the parties hereto (i) consents to and submits to the exclusive personal jurisdiction of the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware or, if that court does not have jurisdiction, a federal court sitting in Delaware in any action or proceeding arising out of or relating to this Agreement or any of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement; (ii) agrees that all claims in respect of such action or proceeding shall be heard and determined in any such court; (iii) shall not attempt to deny or defeat such personal jurisdiction by motion or other request for leave from any such court; and (iv) shall not bring any action or proceeding arising out of or relating to this Agreement or any of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement in any other court. Each of the parties hereto waives any defense of inconvenient forum to the maintenance of any action or proceeding so brought and waives any bond, surety or other security that might be required of any other Person with respect thereto.
(b)EACH OF THE PARTIES HERETO HEREBY WAIVES TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LEGAL REQUIREMENTS ANY RIGHT IT MAY HAVE TO A TRIAL BY JURY WITH RESPECT TO ANY LITIGATION DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY ARISING OUT OF, UNDER OR IN CONNECTION WITH THIS AGREEMENT OR THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED BY THIS AGREEMENT. Each of the parties hereto acknowledges that it and the other parties have been induced to enter into this Agreement and the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, as applicable, by, among other things, the mutual waivers and certifications in this Section 7.5.
7.6Payment of Expenses. Whether or not the Mergers are consummated, except as expressly set forth in this Agreement, each party hereto shall pay its own expenses incident to preparing for, entering into and carrying out this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby.
7.7Assignability; Parties in Interest. This Agreement shall be binding upon, and shall be enforceable by and inure to the benefit of, the parties hereto and their respective successors and permitted assigns. This Agreement shall not be assignable by any party, in whole or in part, by operation of law or otherwise, without the express prior written consent of the other parties hereto. Except for (i) the right of the Company, on behalf of its stockholders, to pursue damages in the event of Parent’s, or the Acquisition Subs’ actual, common law fraud or Willful Breach of this Agreement, which shall be deemed in such event to be damages of the Company, (ii) the right of Parent, on behalf of its stockholders, to pursue damages in the event of Company’s actual, common law fraud or Willful Breach of this Agreement, which shall be deemed in such event to be damages of Parent, (iii) the provisions of Section 1 (which, from and after the First Effective Time, shall be for the benefit of (1) Persons who are holders of shares of Company Common Stock immediately prior to the First Effective Time and (2) as of the applicable date, holders of Company Options, Company RSUs and Company Warrants, and the Legacy Company Equityholders with respect to the terms of Section 1.7(h) relating to the Additional Shares) and (iv) the provisions of Section 4.10 (which, from and after the First Effective Time shall be for the benefit of the Indemnified Parties and the other Persons identified
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therein), nothing in this Agreement (including Section 4.8), express or implied, is intended to or shall confer upon any Person, other than the parties hereto, any right, benefit or remedy of any nature.
7.8Notices. Any notice or other communication required or permitted to be delivered to any party under this Agreement shall be in writing and shall be deemed properly given and made as follows (a) if sent by registered or certified mail in the United States, return receipt requested, then such communication shall be deemed duly given and made upon receipt; (b) if sent by nationally recognized overnight air courier (such as DHL or Federal Express), then such communication shall be deemed duly given and made two (2) Business Days after being sent; (c) if sent by electronic mail, when transmitted (provided that the transmission of the email is promptly confirmed by telephone or response email); and (d) if otherwise actually personally delivered to a duly authorized representative of the recipient, then such communication shall be deemed duly given and made when delivered to such authorized representative, provided that such notices, requests, demands and other communications are delivered to the address set forth below, or to such other address as any party shall provide by like notice to the other parties to this Agreement:
if to Parent or the Acquisition Subs:
Lemonade, Inc.
5 Crosby Street, 3rd Floor
New York, NY 10013
Attention:    Tim Bixby; Dennis Monaghan
Email:    
with a copy (which shall not constitute notice) to:
Latham & Watkins LLP
1271 Avenue of the Americas
New York, NY 10020
Attention:    Robert M. Katz
Email:    
with a copy (which shall not constitute notice) to:
Amar, Reiter, Jeanne, Shochatovitch & Co., Lawyers
Technology Park, The Tower main building (“HaMigdal”)
6th floor, 2 Agudat Sport Hapoel Rd.
Jerusalem 969580, Israel
Attention:    Daniel Chinn
Email:    

if to the Company:
Metromile, Inc.
425 Market Street #700
San Francisco, CA 94105
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Attention:    Regi Vengalil; Junna Ro
Email:    
with a copy (which shall not constitute notice) to:
Kirkland & Ellis LLP
601 Lexington Avenue
New York, NY 10022
Attention:    Rajab S. Abbassi; Edward J. Lee
Email:    
7.9Severability. Any term or provision of this Agreement that is invalid or unenforceable in any situation in any jurisdiction shall not affect the validity or enforceability of the remaining terms and provisions hereof or the validity or enforceability of the offending term or provision in any other situation or in any other jurisdiction. If the final judgment of a court of competent jurisdiction declares that any term or provision hereof is invalid or unenforceable, the parties hereto agree that the court making such determination shall have the power to limit the term or provision, to delete specific words or phrases or to replace any invalid or unenforceable term or provision with a term or provision that is valid and enforceable and that comes closest to expressing the intention of the invalid or unenforceable term or provision, and this Agreement shall be enforceable as so modified. In the event such court does not exercise the power granted to it in the prior sentence, the parties hereto agree to replace such invalid or unenforceable term or provision with a valid and enforceable term or provision that will achieve, to the extent possible, the economic, business and other purposes of such invalid or unenforceable term.
7.10Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed and delivered (including by facsimile or other form of electronic transmission) in one or more counterparts, and by the different parties hereto in separate counterparts, each of which when executed shall be deemed to be an original but all of which taken together shall constitute one and the same agreement. The exchange of a fully executed Agreement (in counterparts or otherwise) by facsimile or other electronic delivery shall be sufficient to bind the parties to the terms and conditions of this Agreement.
7.11Specific Performance. Each of the parties hereto agrees that irreparable damage would occur in the event that any of the provisions of this Agreement were not performed in accordance with their specific terms or were otherwise breached, and that monetary damages, even if available, would not be an adequate remedy therefor. It is accordingly agreed that, in addition to any other remedy that a party hereto may have under law or in equity, in the event of any breach or threatened breach by Parent, the Acquisition Subs or the Company of any covenant or obligation of such party contained in this Agreement, the other parties shall be entitled to obtain (i) an Order of specific performance to enforce the observance and performance of such covenant; and (ii) an injunction restraining such breach or threatened breach. In the event that any action is brought in equity to enforce the provisions of this Agreement, no party hereto shall allege, and each party hereto hereby waives the defense or counterclaim, that there is an adequate remedy at law. Each party hereto further agrees that no other party hereto or any other Person shall be required to obtain, furnish or post any bond or similar instrument in connection with or as a condition to obtaining any remedy referred to in this Section 7.11, and each party hereto
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irrevocably waives any right it may have to require the obtaining, furnishing or posting of any such bond or similar instrument.
7.12Disclosure Schedules.
(a)The Company Disclosure Schedule has been arranged, for purposes of convenience only, in separate sections and subsections corresponding to the Sections and subsections of Section 2 and, as applicable, Section 4. Any information set forth in any subsection of Part 2 of the Company Disclosure Schedule shall be deemed to be disclosed and incorporated by reference in each of the other subsections of Part 2 of the Company Disclosure Schedule as though fully set forth in such other subsections to the extent it is reasonably apparent on its face that such disclosure also qualifies or applies to such other subsections. No reference to or disclosure of any item or other matter in the Company Disclosure Schedule shall be construed, in and of itself, as an admission or indication that such item or other matter is material or that such item or other matter is required to be referred to or disclosed in the Company Disclosure Schedule. The information set forth in the Company Disclosure Schedule is disclosed solely for purposes of this Agreement, and no information set forth therein shall be deemed, in and of itself, to be an admission by any party hereto to any third party of any matter whatsoever, including any violation of Legal Requirement or breach of any Contract.
(b)The Parent Disclosure Schedule has been arranged, for purposes of convenience only, in separate sections and subsections corresponding to the Sections and subsections of Section 3 and, as applicable, Section 4. Any information set forth in any subsection of Part 3 of the Parent Disclosure Schedule shall be deemed to be disclosed and incorporated by reference in each of the other subsections of Part 3 of the Parent Disclosure Schedule as though fully set forth in such other subsections (whether or not specific cross-references are made) to the extent it is reasonably apparent on its face that such disclosure also qualifies or applies to such other subsections. No reference to or disclosure of any item or other matter in the Parent Disclosure Schedule shall be construed, in and of itself, as an admission or indication that such item or other matter is material or that such item or other matter is required to be referred to or disclosed in the Parent Disclosure Schedule. The information set forth in the Parent Disclosure Schedule is disclosed solely for purposes of this Agreement, and no information set forth therein shall be deemed, in and of itself, to be an admission by any party hereto to any third party of any matter whatsoever, including any violation of Legal Requirement or breach of any Contract.
7.13Construction.
(a)For purposes of this Agreement, whenever the context requires the singular number shall include the plural, and vice versa; the masculine gender shall include the feminine and neuter genders; the feminine gender shall include the masculine and neuter genders; and the neuter gender shall include masculine and feminine genders. If a term is defined as one part of speech, it shall have a corresponding meaning when used as another part of speech.
(b)The parties hereto agree that any rule of construction to the effect that ambiguities are to be resolved against the drafting party shall not be applied in the construction or interpretation of this Agreement.
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(c)As used in this Agreement, the words (i) “include” and “including,” and variations thereof, shall not be deemed to be terms of limitation, but rather shall be deemed to be followed by the words “without limitation,” (ii) the words “hereof,” “hereby,” “herein,” “hereunder” and similar terms in this Agreement shall refer to this Agreement as a whole and not any particular section or article in which such words appear, and (iii) references to “ordinary course of business” or phrases of similar import shall mean ordinary course of business consistent with past practice.
(d)For purposes of this Agreement, (i) any reference to a Legal Requirement shall include any rules and regulations promulgated thereunder and all amendments and modifications thereto and (ii) any reference to a Contract shall include all amendments and modifications thereto.
(e)Except as otherwise indicated, all references in this Agreement to “Sections,” “Exhibits,” “Annexes” and “Schedules” are intended to refer to Sections of this Agreement and Exhibits, Annexes and Schedules to this Agreement.
(f)All references in this Agreement to “$” are intended to refer to United States dollars.
(g)The table of contents and headings to this Agreement are for convenience of reference only, do not constitute part of this Agreement and shall not be deemed to limit or otherwise affect any of the provisions of this Agreement. The Exhibits, Schedules and Annexes attached to this Agreement constitute a part of this Agreement and are incorporated herein for all purposes.
[Remainder of page intentionally left blank]

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Parent and the Acquisition Subs have caused this Agreement to be executed as of the date first written above.
LEMONADE, INC.
a Delaware corporation
By:    /s/ Daniel Schreiber    
Name:    Daniel Schreiber
Title:    Chief Executive Officer
By:    /s/ Shai Wininger    
Name:    Shai Wininger
Title:    Chief Executive Officer
CITRUS MERGER SUB A, INC.
a Delaware corporation
By:    /s/ Daniel Schreiber    
Name:    Daniel Schreiber
Title:    President
By:    /s/ Shai Wininger    
Name:    Shai Wininger
Title:    Secretary
CITRUS MERGER SUB B, LLC
a Delaware limited liability company
By:    /s/ Daniel Schreiber    
Name:    Daniel Schreiber
Title:    President
By:    /s/ Shai Wininger    
Name:    Shai Wininger
Title:    Secretary

[Signature Page to Agreement and Plan of Merger]


The Company has caused this Agreement to be executed as of the date first written above.
METROMILE, INC.
a Delaware corporation
By:    /s/ Dan Preston    
Name:    Dan Preston
Title:    Chief Executive Officer

[Signature Page to Agreement and Plan of Merger]


Exhibit A
CERTAIN DEFINITIONS
For purposes of the Agreement (including this Exhibit A):
1Acquisition Sub I” shall have the meaning set forth in the Preamble.
2Acquisition Sub II” shall have the meaning set forth in the Preamble.
3Acquisition Subs” shall have the meaning set forth in the Preamble.
4Additional Shares” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 1.7(h)(i).
5A Person shall be deemed to be an “Affiliate” of another Person if such Person directly or indirectly controls, is directly or indirectly controlled by or is directly or indirectly under common control with such other Person. For this purpose, “control” (including, with its correlative meanings, “controlled by” and “under common control with”) means the power, whether by contract, equity ownership or otherwise, to direct the policies or management of a Person.
6Anti-Corruption Laws” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.14.
7Antitrust Laws” shall mean the Sherman Act, as amended, the Clayton Act, as amended, the HSR Act, the Federal Trade Commission Act, as amended, and all other applicable Legal Requirements that are designed or intended to prohibit, restrict or regulate actions having the purpose or effect of monopolization or restraint of trade or lessening of competition through merger or acquisition.
8Assumed Company Option” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 1.7(a).
9Assumed Company RSU Award” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 1.7(b).
10Bankruptcy and Equity Exception” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.5.
11Burdensome Condition” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 4.5(e).
12Business Data” shall mean all business information, Confidential Information and all Personal Data and data (whether of employees, contractors, consultants, customers, consumers, or other Persons and whether in electronic or any other form or medium) that is accessed, collected, used, processed, stored, shared, distributed, transferred, disclosed, destroyed or disposed of used by an IT System or on behalf of Company or Company Subsidiaries.
13Business Day” shall mean any day other than a Saturday, a Sunday or other day on which the SEC or banking institutions located in the City of New York are authorized or required by Legal Requirements to be closed.
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14Cancelled Company Option” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 1.7(b).
15Cancelled Company RSU Award” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 1.7(d).
16Certificates of Merger” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 1.2.
17Closing” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 1.2.
18Closing Date” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 1.2.
19Code” shall mean the United States Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.
20Commonly Controlled Entity” shall mean any entity, trade or business that is a member of a group described in Section 414(b), (c), (m) or (o) of the Code or Section 4001(b)(1) of ERISA that includes the entity, trade or business that is a member of the same “controlled group” as the Company, pursuant to Section 4001(a)(14).
21Company” shall have the meaning set forth in the Preamble.
22Company Acquisition Proposal” shall mean any offer, indication of interest or proposal (other than an offer or proposal made or submitted by or on behalf of Parent or any of its Subsidiaries) contemplating or otherwise relating to any Company Acquisition Transaction.
23Company Acquisition Transaction” shall mean any transaction or series of related transactions (other than the Mergers) involving:
(a)any merger, consolidation, amalgamation, share exchange, business combination, joint venture, reorganization or other similar transaction involving the Company;
(b)any transaction (i) in which any Person or “group” (as defined in the Exchange Act and the rules thereunder) of Persons acquires beneficial or record ownership of securities (or instruments convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for, such securities) representing twenty percent (20%) or more of the outstanding voting power of the Company; or (ii) in which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries issues securities (or instruments convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for, such securities) representing twenty percent (20%) or more of the outstanding voting power of the Company (after giving effect to such transaction);
(c)any sale, exchange, transfer, acquisition or disposition of twenty percent (20%) or more of the consolidated assets (including equity securities of Subsidiaries of the Company) of the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, or of any business or businesses (or the assets of any business or businesses, including equity securities of any Subsidiaries of the Company) that constitute or account for twenty percent (20%) or more of the consolidated net revenues or net income of the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole;
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(d)any tender offer or exchange offer that if consummated would result in any Person or “group” (as defined in the Exchange Act and the rules thereunder) of Persons acquiring beneficial or record ownership of securities (or instruments convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for such securities) representing twenty percent (20%) or more of the outstanding voting power of the Company; or
(e)any combination of the foregoing types of transaction if the sum of the percentage of the voting power of the Company or of the consolidated net revenues, net income or assets of the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, involved is twenty percent (20%) or more.
24Company Board” shall mean the board of directors of the Company.
25Company Board Recommendation” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.4.
26Company Book-Entry Shares” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 1.8(b).
27Company Capitalization Date” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.3(a).
28Company Change in Recommendation” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 4.4(b).
29Company Common Stock” shall mean the common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, of the Company.
30Company Disclosure Schedule” shall have the meaning set forth in the introductory paragraph of Section 2.
31Company Equity Agreements” shall mean the Company Equity Plans (together with all grant agreements evidencing the Company Options and Company RSUs) and the Company ESPP.
32Company Equity Plans” shall mean the Company’s 2011 Equity Incentive Plan, as amended, and the Company’s 2021 Equity Incentive Plan.
33Company ESPP” shall mean the Metromile, Inc. 2021 Employee Stock Purchase Plan.
34Company Financial Advisor” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.22.
35Company Insurance Subsidiary” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.24.
36Company Intervening Event” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 4.4(d).
37Company IP” shall mean all Intellectual Property owned, or purported to be owned by the Company or any Company Subsidiary.
38Company IP Licenses” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.9(k).
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39Company Material Adverse Effect” shall mean any state of facts, circumstance, condition, event, change, development, occurrence, result, effect, action or omission (each, an “Effect”) that, individually or in the aggregate with any one or more other Effects, (i) has had, or would reasonably expected to have, a material adverse effect on the business, financial condition or results of operations of the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole or (ii) prevents, materially impairs, materially impedes or materially delays the consummation of the Mergers and the other transactions contemplated hereby on a timely basis and in any event on or before the End Date; provided, however, that with respect to clause (i) only, no Effect to the extent resulting or arising from any of the following, shall, to such extent, be deemed to constitute, or be taken into account in determining the occurrence of, a Company Material Adverse Effect: (A) general economic, political, business, industry, financial or market conditions affecting the industry in which the Company and its Subsidiaries operate; (B) any outbreak, continuation or escalation of any military conflict, declared or undeclared war, armed hostilities, or acts of foreign or domestic terrorism (including cyber-terrorism) in countries in which, or in the proximate geographic region of which, the Company or its Subsidiaries operate; (C) any pandemic (including the SARS-CoV-2 virus and COVID-19 disease), Pandemic Measure, epidemic, plague, or other outbreak of illness or public health event, hurricane, flood, tornado, earthquake, wildfire or other natural disaster, catastrophe event or act of God; (D) any failure by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to meet any internal or external projections or forecasts or any decline in the price of Company Common Stock (but excluding, in each case, the underlying causes of such failure or decline, as applicable, which may themselves constitute or be taken into account in determining whether there has been, or would be, a Company Material Adverse Effect to the extent not otherwise excluded in this definition); (E) the public announcement, pendency or consummation of the Mergers and the other transactions contemplated hereby; (F) changes in applicable Legal Requirements or the interpretation thereof; (G) changes in GAAP, SAP or any other applicable accounting standards or principles or the interpretation thereof; or (H) any action expressly required to be taken by the Company pursuant to the terms of this Agreement or at the express written direction or consent of Parent; provided, further, that any Effect relating to or arising out of or resulting from any change or event referred to in clause (A), (B), (C), (F) or (G) above may constitute, and be taken into account in determining the occurrence of, a Company Material Adverse Effect to the extent that such change or event has a disproportionate impact on the Company and its Subsidiaries as compared to other participants that operate in the industry in which the Company and its Subsidiaries operate.
40Company Options” shall mean options to purchase shares of Company Common Stock from the Company.
41Company Permits” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.12(b).
42Company Permitted Encumbrances” shall mean (a) Liens for Taxes or governmental assessments, charges or claims of payment not yet due and payable or which are being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings; (b) vendors’, mechanics’, materialmen’s, carriers’, workers’, construction and other similar Liens arising or incurred in the ordinary course of business or with respect to liabilities that are not yet due and payable or, if due, are not delinquent or are being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings; (c) encumbrances or imperfections of title relating to liabilities for which appropriate reserves have been established and are reflected in the Most Recent Company Balance Sheet or imposed or
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promulgated by applicable Legal Requirements, including zoning, entitlement, building codes, or other Legal Requirements with respect to land use; (d) Liens, pledges or encumbrances arising from or otherwise relating to transfer restrictions under the securities laws of any jurisdiction; (e) non-exclusive licenses of Intellectual Property granted in the ordinary course of business; (f) Liens, encumbrances or imperfections of title which do not and would not reasonably be expected to, individually or in the aggregate, materially impair the use of the subject property as used by the Company and its Subsidiaries and (g) Liens arising under any Company indentures or the Company’s existing credit facility (or any replacement or refinancing thereof in accordance with this Agreement).
43Company Placement Warrants” shall mean means the warrants exercisable for Company Common Stock and issued to certain holders in a private placement in connection with initial public offering of INSU Acquisition Corp. II (the “IPO”) and pursuant to the applicable subscription agreement between the Company and the applicable holders.
44Company Plan” shall mean each “employee benefit plan” (within the meaning of Section 3(3) of ERISA, whether or not subject to ERISA) and each other employment, bonus, deferred compensation, equity or equity-based, pension, severance, change in control, transaction, retention, employee loan, retirement, health and welfare, medical, dental, disability, fringe benefit, or other employee benefit plan, policy, agreement, program or arrangement, which the Company or any Company Subsidiary maintains for the benefit of its current or former employees, consultants or directors, but excluding any plan, program, policy, agreement or arrangement sponsored or maintained by any non-U.S. Governmental Entity that the Company or any of its Subsidiaries contributes to or is required to contribute to under applicable Legal Requirements.
45Company Privacy Policy” shall mean each external or internal, past or present privacy policy or privacy- or security-related representation, statement, notice, obligation or promise of the Company or any Company Subsidiaries including any policy, representation, statement, notice, obligation, or promise relating to: (a) the privacy or security of Personal Data of users of any website, mobile application or service operated by or on behalf of the Company or any Company Subsidiary (or the privacy or security of Personal Data of such users’ customers, employees or other third parties related to such users); or (b) the collection, use, storage, hosting, disclosure, transmission, transfer, disposal, retention, interception, or other processing of, or security of, any Personal Data.
46Company Products” shall mean any and all products and services that are or have been since January 1, 2017 produced, marketed, offered, sold, licensed, provided, distributed or supported by or on behalf of the Company or any Company Subsidiary, including but not limited to insurance services and devices provided to consumers (other than Insurance Contracts) and used by the Company and the Company Subsidiaries to provide such insurance services and Technology of the Company and Company IP licensed to third-party insurers.
47Company Public Warrants” shall mean the warrants exercisable for Company Common Stock issued in connection with the IPO and governed by that certain Warrant Agreement, dated September 2, 2020, by and among the Company and each of the signatories thereto.
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48Company Registered IP” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.9(a).
49Company Returns” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.15(a)(i).
50Company RSUs” shall mean restricted stock units representing the right to vest in and be issued shares of Company Common Stock by the Company that are subject to vesting restrictions based on continuing service or based on performance.
51Company SEC Documents” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.7(a).
52Company Sites” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.9(m).
53Company Statutory Statements” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.25.
54Company Stock Certificates” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 1.8(b).
55Company Stockholder Meeting” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 4.4(a).
56Company Subsidiary” shall mean any direct or indirect Subsidiary of the Company.
57Company Superior Proposal” shall mean any bona fide, unsolicited written Company Acquisition Proposal made after the date of this Agreement that (a) if consummated, would result in any Person (or such Person’s direct or indirect stockholders) or “group” (as defined in the Exchange Act and the rules thereunder) of Persons (other than Parent) directly or indirectly becoming the beneficial owner of (i) any business or businesses that constitute or account for fifty percent (50%) or more of the net revenues, net income or assets of the Company, or (ii) fifty percent (50%) or more of the outstanding total voting power of the equity securities of the Company; and (b) the Company Board determines in good faith, after consultation with the Company’s outside legal counsel and its financial advisor, is reasonably capable of being consummated on the terms proposed and which, taking into account all financial and legal aspects thereof, including the timing, likelihood of consummation, legal, confidentiality, regulatory, financing and other aspects of such Company Acquisition Proposal, would be more favorable to the holders of shares of Company Common Stock from a financial point of view (including taking into account payment by the Company of the Termination Fee) than the transactions contemplated by this Agreement (after giving effect to any revisions to the terms of the Agreement committed to in writing by Parent in response to such Company Acquisition Proposal pursuant to Section 4.4).
58Company Superior Proposal Notice” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 4.4(c).
59Company Tax Counsel” shall mean Kirkland & Ellis LLP or such other nationally recognized Tax counsel reasonably satisfactory to the Company and Parent.
60Company Tax Opinion” shall mean a written opinion from Company Tax Counsel, delivered to the Company in connection with the consummation of the Mergers or filed
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in connection with the Form S-4 Registration Statement or the Proxy Statement/Prospectus, based on the facts, representations, assumptions and exclusions set forth or described in such opinion, to the effect that the Mergers, taken together, should qualify for the Intended Tax Treatment. In rendering such opinion, Company Tax Counsel shall be entitled to rely upon customary assumptions, representations, warranties and covenants reasonably satisfactory to it, including representations and covenants set forth in the customary tax representation letters obtained from Parent and the Company pursuant to Section 4.9(c).
61Company Warrant Agreements” shall mean (i) that certain Warrant Agreement, dated September 2, 2020, by and among the Company and each of the signatories thereto and (ii) that certain subscription agreement by and between the Company and the applicable holders of the Company Placement Warrants.
62Company Warrants” shall mean outstanding warrants issued pursuant to the Company Warrant Agreements.
63Continuing Employee” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 4.11(a).
64Contract” shall mean any contract, subcontract, note, bond, mortgage, indenture, lease, license, sublicense, guaranty, security agreement, franchise or other legally binding instrument, commitment or obligation, whether oral or in writing, excluding any permits, in each case, purporting to be legally binding.
65Control Person” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 4.5(a).
66COVID” shall mean SARS-CoV-2 or COVID-19, and any evolutions or mutations thereof or related or associated epidemics, pandemic or disease outbreaks.
67D&O Policy” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 4.10(b).
68Data Security Incident” shall mean the actual or suspected unauthorized access, acquisition, exfiltration, manipulation, erasure, use or disclosure of any Business Data owned, used, stored, received, or controlled by or on behalf of the Company or Company Subsidiaries, including, but not limited to, any unauthorized access, use, disclosure, loss or destruction of Personal Data that would constitute a breach for which notification to individuals and/or Governmental Entities or data protection authorities is required under the Privacy and Security Laws or for which notification was made to any of the aforementioned on a voluntary basis.
69Data Service Provider” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.9(l).
70Delaware Secretary of State” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 1.2.
71DGCL” shall have the meaning set forth in the Recitals.
72Domiciliary Department of Insurance” shall mean the domiciliary state insurance regulatory authority of the applicable Company Insurance Subsidiary.
73DTC” shall mean The Depository Trust Company.
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74EBS Business” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 4.1(a)(vi).
75First Certificate of Merger” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 1.2.
76First Effective Time” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 1.2.
77First Merger” shall have the meaning set forth in the Recitals.
78End Date” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 6.1(b).
79Entity” shall mean any corporation (including any non-profit corporation), general partnership, limited partnership, limited liability partnership, joint venture, estate, trust, company (including any company limited by shares, limited liability company or joint stock company), firm, society or other enterprise, association, organization or entity (including any Governmental Entity).
80Environmental Law” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.18.
81ERISA” shall mean the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended.
82Exchange Act” shall mean the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
83Exchange Agent” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 1.10(a).
84Exchange Fund” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 1.10(a).
85Exchange Ratio” shall mean for each share of Company Common Stock, 0.05263 shares of Parent Common Stock.
86Export Approvals” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.12(d).
87Export Control Laws” shall mean (a) all applicable trade, export control, import, and antiboycott laws and regulations imposed, administered, or enforced by the U.S. government, including the Arms Export Control Act (22 U.S.C. § 2778), the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. §§ 1701–1706), Section 999 of the Internal Revenue Code, Title 19 of the U.S. Code, the International Traffic in Arms Regulations (22 C.F.R. Parts 120-130), the Export Administration Regulations (15 C.F.R. Parts 730-774), the Export Control Reform Act of 2018 (50 U.S.C. §§ 4801-4852), the U.S. customs regulations at 19 C.F.R. Chapter 1, and the Foreign Trade Regulations (15 C.F.R. Part 30); and (b) all applicable trade, export control, import, and antiboycott laws and regulations imposed, administered or enforced by any other country, except to the extent inconsistent with U.S. law.
88Foreign Plan” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.16(a).
89Form S-4 Registration Statement” shall mean the registration statement on Form S-4 to be filed with the SEC by Parent in connection with the Parent Share Issuance, as such registration statement may be amended prior to the time it is declared effective by the SEC.
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90GAAP” shall mean United States generally accepted accounting principles.
91Generally Available Software” means generally, commercially available off-the-shelf software and (i) is used in the general operation of the business but is not material to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, and (ii) has not been modified or customized for the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.
92Government Official” means (a) any elected or appointed government official, officer, employee or Person acting in an official or public capacity on behalf of a Governmental Entity, (b) any official or employee of a quasi-public or non-governmental international organization, (c) any employee or other Person acting for or on behalf of any entity that is wholly or partially government owned or controlled by a Governmental Entity, (d) any Person exercising legislative, administrative, judicial, executive, or regulatory functions for or pertaining to a Governmental Entity (including any independent regulator), (e) any political party official, officer, employee, or other Person acting for or on behalf of a political party and (f) any candidate for public office.
93Governmental Authorization” shall mean any franchise, grants, easement, variance, exception, consent, certificate, approval, clearance, permission, permit, license, registration, qualification or authorization granted by any Governmental Entity.
94Governmental Entity” shall mean any federal, state, local or foreign governmental authority, any transnational governmental organization or any court of competent jurisdiction, arbitral, administrative agency or commission or other governmental authority or instrumentality, domestic or foreign.
95Harmful Code” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.9(k).
96HSR Act” shall mean the Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act of 1976, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
97In-Bound Licenses” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.9(k).
98Initial Surviving Corporation” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 1.1.
99Indemnified Parties” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 4.10(a).
100INSU Merger Agreement” shall mean that certain Agreement and Plan of Merger and Reorganization, dated as of November 24, 2020 and as amended on January 12, 2021 and further amended on February 8, 2021, by and among the Company, INSU II Merger Sub Corp. and Metromile Operating Company (formerly known as MetroMile, Inc.).
101Insurance Contract” shall mean each insurance policy, certificate, binder, slip, agreement, undertaking, contract, treaty or similar instrument, and all riders, endorsements and amendments thereto issued or assumed by any Company Insurance Subsidiary.
102Insurance Producer” shall mean each insurance agent, marketer, wholesaler, distributor, general agency, producer, broker, reinsurance intermediary, program manager,
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managing general agent and managing general underwriting currently writing, selling, producing, underwriting or administering business for or on behalf of any Company Insurance Subsidiary, including such party’s and its Subsidiaries’ salaried employees.
103Intellectual Property” shall mean Technology and Intellectual Property Rights.
104Intellectual Property Rights” shall mean any and all past, present and future common law or statutory rights anywhere in the world arising under or associated with: (i) patents, patent applications, statutory invention registrations, registered designs, industrial designs and design patents, and similar or equivalent rights in inventions and designs, and all intellectual property rights therein provided by international treaties and conventions, including all divisions, continuations, continuations-in-part, reissues, renewals, re-examinations, provisionals and extensions thereof (“Patents”); (ii) trademarks, service marks, trade dress, trade names, company names, logos and other designations of origin, and the goodwill associated with any of the foregoing, together with any registrations and applications for registration thereof (“Marks”); (iii) URL and domain name registrations, uniform resource locators, and Internet Protocol addresses, social media handles and other names, identifiers and locators associated with Internet addresses, sites and services; (iv) copyrights and any other equivalent rights in works of authorship (including intellectual property rights in Software as a work of authorship), whether registered or unregistered, moral rights, and any other rights of authors, and any registrations and applications for registration thereof (“Copyrights”); (v) mask work rights (as defined in the Semiconductor Chip Protection Act, 17 U.S.C. § § 901-914) and any other intellectual property right in semiconductor topology or mask works, and any registration therefore (“Mask Work Rights”) (vi) trade secrets and industrial secret rights, proprietary know-how, and confidential and proprietary data and business or technical information, including any ideas, formulas, compositions, inventions (whether patentable or not and however documented), processes, techniques, specifications, business plans, proposals, designs, technical data, invention disclosures, customer data, financial information, pricing and cost information, bills of material or other similar information (“Trade Secrets”); (vii) rights in databases and data collections (including rights (if any) in design databases, knowledge databases, customer lists and customer databases) under the laws of the United States or any other jurisdiction, whether registered or unregistered, and any applications for registration therefore; (viii) all claims and causes of actions arising out of or related to any past, current or future infringement or misappropriation of any of the foregoing; and (ix) other similar or equivalent intellectual property rights anywhere in the world.
105Intended Tax Treatment” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 4.9(a).
106IRS” shall mean the United States Internal Revenue Service.
107IT Systems” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.9(k).
108knowledge of Parent” shall mean the actual knowledge, after reasonable inquiry of direct reports, of the individuals listed in Part “Definitions” of the Parent Disclosure Schedule.
109knowledge of the Company” shall mean the actual knowledge, after reasonable inquiry of direct reports, of the individuals listed in Part “Definitions” of the Company Disclosure Schedule.
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110Legacy Company Equityholders” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 1.7(h)(ii).
111Legal Proceeding” shall mean any legal or administrative proceeding (including before the United States Patent and Trademark Office or the Patent Trial and Appeal Board), lawsuit, arbitration, court action, or other proceeding before any Governmental Entity.
112Legal Requirement” shall mean any law, rule or regulation adopted or promulgated by any Governmental Entity, including but not limited to the Anti-Corruption Laws, Privacy and Security Laws, Sanctions Laws and Export Control Laws, each as defined herein.
113Letter of Transmittal” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 1.10(b).
114Lien” shall mean, with respect to any property or asset, any mortgage, lien, pledge, charge, security interest, encumbrance or limitation on transfer in respect of such property or asset. A Person shall be deemed to own subject to a Lien any property or asset that it has acquired or holds subject to the interest of a vendor or lessor under any conditional sale agreement, capital lease or other title retention agreement relating to such property or asset.
115Any statement in the Agreement to the effect that any information, document or other material has been “made available” by the Company shall mean that such information, document or material was (a) uploaded to the virtual data room maintained by the Company in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Agreement prior to 11:59 p.m., New York time on November 7, 2021 or (b) publicly filed with the SEC prior to the date of this Agreement. Any statement in the Agreement to the effect that any information, document or other material has been “made available” by Parent shall mean that such information, document or material was, prior to 11:59 p.m., New York time on November 7, 2021, (i) uploaded to the virtual data room maintained by Parent in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Agreement or (ii) publicly filed with the SEC.
116Material Contract” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.11.
117Maximum Annual Premium” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 4.10(b).
118Mergers” shall have the meaning set forth in the Recitals.
119Merger Consideration” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 1.5(b).
120Most Recent Company 10-K/A” shall mean the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K/A for the year ended December 31, 2020 (filed with the SEC on June 2, 2021).
121Most Recent Company Balance Sheet” shall mean the balance sheet of the Company as of June 30, 2021.
122Most Recent Parent Balance Sheet” shall mean the balance sheet of Parent as of June 30, 2021.
123Nasdaq” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.7(e).
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124Non-Disclosure Agreement” shall mean that certain confidentiality agreement, dated as of August 20, 2021, by and between the Company and Parent.
125Non-DTC Book-Entry Share” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 1.10(c).
126NYSE” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 3.4(a).
127OFAC” shall mean the U.S. Department of Treasury, Office of Foreign Assets Control.
128Offering Period End Date” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 4.8.
129Open Source” shall mean any Software that is distributed as “free software,” “open source software” or under a similar licensing or distribution model (an “Open Source License”), including the GNU General Public License (GPL), GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL), Mozilla Public License (MPL), BSD licenses, the Artistic License, the Netscape Public License, the Sun Community Source License (SCSL) the Sun Industry Standards License (SISL) and the Apache License, or any other license described by the Open Source Initiative as set forth on www.opensource.org.
130Option Consideration” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 1.7(b).
131Order” shall mean any order, decision, judgment, writ, injunction, stipulation, award, or decree, issued by any Governmental Entity.
132Organizational Documents” shall mean, with respect to any Entity (a) if such Entity is a corporation, such Entity’s certificate or articles of incorporation, by-laws and similar organizational documents, as amended; (b) if such Entity is a limited liability company, such Entity’s certificate or articles of formation and operating agreement, as amended; and (c) if such Entity is a limited partnership, such Entity’s certificate or articles of formation and limited partnership agreement, as amended.
133Out-Bound Licenses” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.9(k).
134Pandemic Measures” means any quarantine, “shelter in place,” “stay at home,” workforce reduction, social distancing, shut down, closure, sequester or any other Legal Requirement, Order, directive, guideline or recommendation by any Governmental Entity, in each case, in connection with or in response to COVID-19 or any other pandemic or epidemic.
135Parent” shall have the meaning set forth in the Preamble.
136Parent Benefit Plan” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 4.11(b).
137Parent Board” shall mean the board of directors of Parent.
138Parent Capitalization Date” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 3.3(a).
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139Parent Common Stock” shall mean the common stock, par value $0.00001 per share, of Parent.
140Parent Disclosure Schedule” shall have the meaning set forth in the introductory paragraph of Section 3.
141Parent Equity Agreements” shall mean the agreements pursuant to which outstanding awards are granted under the Parent Equity Plan.
142Parent Equity Plan” shall mean the 2020 Incentive Award Plan, as amended and restated from time to time.
143Parent IP” shall mean all Intellectual Property owned, or purported to be owned by Parent or any Parent Subsidiary.
144Parent Material Adverse Effect” shall mean any Effect that, individually or in the aggregate with any one or more other Effects, (i) has had, or would reasonably expected to have, a material adverse effect on the business, financial condition or results of operations of Parent and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole or (ii) prevents, materially impairs, materially impedes or materially delays the consummation of the Mergers and the other transactions contemplated hereby on a timely basis and in any event on or before the End Date; provided, however, that with respect to clause (i) only, no Effect to the extent resulting or arising from any of the following, shall, to such extent, be deemed to constitute, or be taken into account in determining the occurrence of, a Parent Material Adverse Effect: (A) general economic, political, business, industry, financial or market conditions affecting the industry in which Patent and its Subsidiaries operate; (B) any outbreak, continuation or escalation of any military conflict, declared or undeclared war, armed hostilities, or acts of foreign or domestic terrorism (including cyber-terrorism) in countries in which, or in the proximate geographic region of which, Parent and its Subsidiaries operate; (C) any pandemic (including the SARS-CoV-2 virus and COVID-19 disease), Pandemic Measure, epidemic, plague, or other outbreak of illness or public health event, hurricane, flood, tornado, earthquake, wildfire or other natural disaster, catastrophe event or act of God; (D) any failure by Parent or any of its Subsidiaries to meet any internal or external projections or forecasts or any decline in the price of Parent Common Stock (but excluding, in each case, the underlying causes of such failure or decline, as applicable, which may themselves constitute or be taken into account in determining whether there has been, or would be, a Parent Material Adverse Effect to the extent not otherwise excluded in this definition); (E) the public announcement, pendency or consummation of the Mergers and the other transactions contemplated hereby; (F) changes in applicable Legal Requirements or the interpretation thereof; (G) changes in GAAP or any other applicable accounting standards or the interpretation thereof; or (H) any action expressly required to be taken by Parent pursuant to the terms of this Agreement or at the express written direction or consent of the Company; provided, further, that any Effect relating to or arising out of or resulting from any change or event referred to in clause (A), (B), (C), (F) or (G) above may constitute, and be taken into account in determining the occurrence of, a Parent Material Adverse Effect to the extent that such change or event has a disproportionate impact on Parent and its Subsidiaries as compared to other participants that operate in the industry in which Parent and its Subsidiaries operate.
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145Parent Options” shall mean options to purchase shares of Parent Common Stock from Parent.
146Parent Permitted Encumbrances” shall mean (a) Liens for Taxes or governmental assessments, charges or claims of payment not yet due and payable or which are being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings; (b) vendors’, mechanics’, materialmen’s, carriers’, workers’, construction and other similar Liens arising or incurred in the ordinary course of business or with respect to liabilities that are not yet due and payable or, if due, are not delinquent or are being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings; (c) Liens, encumbrances or imperfections of title relating to liabilities for which appropriate reserves have been established and are reflected in the Most Recent Parent Balance Sheet or imposed or promulgated by applicable Legal Requirements, including zoning, entitlement, building codes, or other Legal Requirements with respect to land use; (d) Liens, pledges or encumbrances arising from or otherwise relating to transfer restrictions under the securities laws of any jurisdiction; (e) non-exclusive licenses of Intellectual Property granted in the ordinary course of business; (f) Liens, encumbrances or imperfections of title which do not and would not reasonably be expected to, individually or in the aggregate, materially impair the use of the subject property as used by Parent and its Subsidiaries; and (g) Liens arising under any Parent indentures or existing credit facility of Parent.
147Parent RSUs” shall mean restricted stock units representing the right to vest in and be issued shares of Parent Common Stock by Parent that are subject to vesting restrictions based on continuing service or based on performance.
148Parent SEC Documents” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 3.6(a).
149Parent Share Issuance” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 3.4(a).
150Parent Stock Price” shall mean the average of the volume weighted average trading prices per share of Parent Common Stock on NYSE (as reported by Bloomberg L.P. or, if not reported therein, in another authoritative source mutually selected by the parties) on each of the twenty (20) consecutive Trading Days ending on (and including) the Trading Day that is three Trading Days prior to the date of the First Effective Time.
151Parent Subsidiary” shall mean any direct or indirect Subsidiary of Parent.
    “Parent Tax Counsel” shall mean Latham & Watkins LLP or such other nationally recognized Tax counsel reasonably satisfactory to Parent and the Company.
152Parent Tax Opinion” shall mean a written opinion from Parent Tax Counsel, delivered to Parent in connection with the consummation of the Mergers or filed in connection with the Form S-4 Registration Statement or the Proxy Statement/Prospectus, based on the facts, representations, assumptions and exclusions set forth or described in such opinion, to the effect that the Mergers, taken together, should qualify for the Intended Tax Treatment. In rendering such opinion, Parent Tax Counsel shall be entitled to rely upon customary assumptions, representations, warranties and covenants reasonably satisfactory to it, including representations and covenants set forth in the customary tax representation letters obtained from Parent and the Company pursuant to Section 4.9(c).
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153Parent Warrant” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 1.7(g).
154Per Company Share Price” means (a) the Parent Stock Price multiplied by (b) the Exchange Ratio.
155Person” shall mean any individual or Entity.
156Personal Data” shall mean any information about an identifiable natural person that alone or in combination with other information identifies, or could be used to identify, a natural person, and includes a name, an identification number, location data, an online identifier or to one or more factors specific to the physical, physiological, genetic, mental, economic, cultural or social identity of that natural person, and any information that is defined as “personal data,” “personally identifiable information,” “individually identifiable health information,” “protected health information” or “personal information” under any applicable data protection Legal Requirement or Privacy and Security Law.
157Privacy and Security Laws” shall mean each Legal Requirement applicable to Business Data, data security, the collection, access, sharing, processing, use, retention, destruction, or protection of Business Data, and/or direct marketing and advertising, profiling and tracking, e-mail, messaging and/or telemarketing, including, but not limited to, the General Data Protection Regulation (EU) 2016/679, the Data Protection Act 2018 (UK), the California Consumer Protection Act, the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act, the New York Department of Financial Services Cybersecurity Regulation (23 NYCRR 500), and any international, federal, state or local laws regulating the aforementioned, including state insurance laws. The Privacy and Security Laws shall also include the Payment Card Industry Data Security Standards.
158Prohibited Person” shall mean any Person that is the target of Sanctions Laws, including (a) a Person that has been determined by a competent authority to be the subject of a prohibition on such conduct of any law, regulation, rule or executive order administered by OFAC; (b) the government, including any political subdivision, agency or instrumentality thereof, of any country against which the United States maintains comprehensive economic sanctions or embargoes (currently Iran, Syria, Cuba, North Korea, and the Crimea region of Ukraine); (c) any Person that acts on behalf of or is owned or controlled by a government of a country against which the United States maintains comprehensive economic sanctions or embargoes; (d) any Person organized or resident in a country or territory subject to comprehensive sanctions; (e) any Person that has been identified on the OFAC Specially Designated Nationals and Blocked Persons List (Appendix A to 31 C.F.R. Ch. V), as amended from time to time, or fifty percent (50%) or more of which is owned, directly or indirectly, by any such Person or Persons, or, where relevant under applicable Sanctions Laws, controlled by any such Person or Persons or acting for or on behalf of such Person or Persons; or (f) any Person that has been designated on any similar list or Order published by a Governmental Entity in the United States.
159Proxy Statement/Prospectus” shall mean the proxy statement/prospectus to be sent to the Company’s stockholders in connection with the Company Stockholder Meeting.
160Registered IP” shall mean all U.S., international or foreign (a) issued Patents and Patent applications, (b) registered Marks and applications to register Marks, (c) registered
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Copyrights and applications for Copyright registration, (d) registered Mask Work Rights and applications to register Mask Work Rights, (e) domain name registrations and (f) all other Intellectual Property Rights that are registered with, issued by or applied for by or with any Governmental Entity or other public or quasi-public legal authority (including domain name registrars).
161Reinsurance Agreement” shall mean any reinsurance agreement to which the Company or any Company Insurance Subsidiary is a party and has any existing material rights or material obligations.
162Relevant Legal Restraint” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 5.1(e).
163Representatives” shall mean, with respect to a Person, all of the officers, directors, employees, consultants, legal representatives, agents, advisors, auditors, investment bankers, Affiliates and other representatives of such Person.
164Required Company Stockholder Vote” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.5.
165RSU Consideration” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 1.7(d).
166Sanctions Laws” shall mean applicable economic or financial sanctions or trade embargoes imposed, administered, or enforced by relevant Governmental Entities, including those administered by OFAC or the U.S. Department of State, the European Union or its Member States, or Her Majesty’s Treasury of the United Kingdom.
167SAP” shall mean, as applicable, the statutory accounting practices prescribed or permitted by the Domiciliary Department of Insurance as in effect at the relevant time, consistently applied, excluding any permitted practices.
168SEC” shall mean the United States Securities and Exchange Commission.
169Second Certificate of Merger” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 1.2.
170Second Effective Time” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 1.2.
171Second Merger” shall have the meaning set forth in the Recitals.
172Securities Act” shall mean the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
173Software” shall mean any computer software, programs and databases in any applicable form, including object code, source code, firmware and embedded versions thereof tools, assemblers, applets, compilers, application programming interfaces, developers kits, utilities, graphical user interfaces, menus, images, icons, and forms, and all versions, updates, corrections, enhancements and modifications thereof, and all related documentation, developer notes, comments and annotations related thereto.
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174Sponsor Share Cancellation and Vesting Agreement” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 1.5(b).
175An Entity shall be deemed to be a “Subsidiary” of another Person if such Person directly or indirectly owns, beneficially or of record (a) an amount of voting securities or other interests in such Entity that is sufficient to enable such Person to elect at least a majority of the members of such Entity’s board of directors or comparable governing body; or (b) at least fifty percent (50%) of the outstanding voting equity interests issued by such Entity.
176Statutory Statements” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.25.
177Surviving Company” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 1.1.
178Tax Returns” shall mean any and all returns, reports, elections, claims for refund, estimated Tax filings, declarations, certificates or other documents filed or required to be filed with any Governmental Entity with respect to Taxes, including any schedules or attachments thereto, and any amendments thereof.
179Taxes” shall mean any and all U.S. federal, state, local and non-U.S. taxes, assessments, levies, duties, tariffs, imposts and other similar charges and fees imposed by any Governmental Entity, including, without limitation, any income, franchise, windfall or other profits, gross receipts, premiums, property, sales, use, net worth, capital stock, payroll, employment, social security, workers’ compensation, unemployment compensation, excise, withholding, ad valorem, stamp, transfer, value-added, and license, registration and documentation fees, severance, occupation, environmental, disability, real property, personal property, registration, alternative or add-on minimum, or estimated tax, and including any interest, penalty, additions to tax and any additional amounts imposed with respect thereto, whether disputed or not.
180Technology” shall mean tangible embodiments of Intellectual Property Rights, including know-how, trade secrets and other proprietary information contained with, protecting, covering or relating to mask sets, wafers, products, development tools, algorithms, APIs, databases, data collections, Internet web sites, web content and links, diagrams, inventions, methods and processes (whether or not patentable), assembly designs, assembly methods, network configurations and architectures, proprietary information, protocols, layout rules, schematics, packaging and other specifications, Software (in any form, including source code, executable code, firmware, hardware configuration data, Verilog files, RTL code, Gerber files and GDSII files), concepts, techniques, test methods, interfaces, verification tools, technical documentation (including instruction manuals, samples, studies and summaries), annotations, comments, files, records, designs, bills of material, build instructions, test automation, test reports, performance data, optical quality data, routines, formulae, layout designs, topographies, blocks, libraries, circuit designs, test vectors, IP cores, net lists, emulation and simulation tools and reports, lab notebooks, invention disclosures, discoveries, improvements, prototypes, samples, studies, process flow, process module data, yield data, reliability data, engineering data, test results and all other forms of technical information and technology that are used in, held for use in, or relating to the Company Products and the business of the Company and the Company
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Subsidiaries. Technology does not include Intellectual Property Rights, including any Intellectual Property Rights in any of the foregoing.
181Termination Fee” shall mean an amount in cash equal to $12,500,000.
182Third Party Intellectual Property” means any and all Intellectual Property owned or purported to be owned by a third party.
183Top Producer” shall mean a top twenty (20) producer of the Company and the Company Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, based on volume of new policy inceptions placed by such producers during the period commencing on January 1, 2021 and ending on the date of this Agreement.
184Top Supplier” shall mean a top (10) ten supplier of the Company and the Company Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, based on expenditures during the twelve (12) months ended September 30, 2021.
185Trading Day” shall mean any day on which shares of Parent Common Stock are tradeable on the NYSE.
186Treasury Regulations” shall mean the regulations prescribed under the Code (including any temporary regulations, amended or successor provisions with respect to such regulations).
187Voting and Support Agreement” shall have the meaning set forth in the Recitals.
188Willful Breach” means a material breach of this Agreement resulting from a deliberate act or a deliberate failure to act, taken or not taken with the actual knowledge that such act or failure to act would, or would reasonably be expected to, result in or constitute a material breach of this Agreement.
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Exhibit B
FORM OF CERTIFICATE OF FORMATION OF
THE SURVIVING COMPANY
[(See attached.)]

B-1


Exhibit C
FORM OF LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY AGREEMENT OF
THE SURVIVING COMPANY
[(See attached.)]
C-1


Exhibit D
VOTING AND SUPPORT AGREEMENT
[(See attached.)]


D-1
        
Severance Agreement

THIS SEVERANCE AGREEMENT (the “Severance Agreement”) is entered into as of the Effective Date (as defined below) between Lemonade, Inc. (together with any Affiliate that may employ you from time to time, the “Company”) and Adina Eckstein (“Executive” or “you”).

1.Definitions. The following capitalized terms used herein shall have the following meanings:

(a)Affiliate” means (a) any Subsidiary; and (b) any domestic eligible entity that is disregarded, under Treasury Regulation Section 301.7701-3, as an entity separate from either (i) the Company or (ii) any Subsidiary.

(b)Annual Bonus” means the annual variable cash compensation you are eligible to receive as determined from time to time by the Company, whether acting through the Company’s Board of Directors (the “Board”), a committee thereof or otherwise, based on the achievement of certain Company and/or individual performance objectives.

(c)“Base Pay” means your annual base compensation, as determined from time to time by the Company, whether acting through the Board, a committee thereof or otherwise, regardless of whether all or any portion thereof may be deferred under any deferred compensation plan or program of the Company.

(d)Cause” means “Cause” (or any term of similar effect) as defined in your employment agreement with the Company or any Affiliate if such an agreement exists and contains a definition of Cause (or term of similar effect), or, if no such agreement exists or such agreement does not contain a definition of Cause (or term of similar effect), then Cause shall include, but not be limited to: (i) your unauthorized use or disclosure of confidential information or trade secrets of the Company or any Affiliate or any material breach of a written agreement between the Holder and the Company or any Affiliate, including without limitation a material breach of any employment, confidentiality, non-compete, non-solicit or similar agreement; (ii) any refusal to carry out a reasonable directive of the chief executive officer, the Board or your direct supervisor, which involves the business of the Company and/or its Affiliates and was capable of being lawfully performed; (iii) dismissal under the circumstances defined in Section 16 and/or Section 17 of the Israeli Severance Pay Law, 1963; (iv) embezzlement of funds of the Company and/or its Affiliates; your commission of, indictment for or your entry of a plea of guilty or nolo contendere to, a felony under the laws of the United States or any state thereof or any crime involving dishonesty or moral turpitude (or any similar crime in any jurisdiction outside the United States); (v) your gross negligence or willful misconduct or your willful or repeated failure or refusal to substantially perform assigned duties;; or (vi) any acts, omissions or statements by you which the Company reasonably determines to be materially detrimental or damaging to the reputation, operations, prospects or business relations of the Company or any Affiliate.

(e)Change in Control” shall have the meaning set forth in the Incentive Award Plan. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if a Change in Control constitutes a payment or benefit event with respect to any payment or benefit hereunder that provides for the deferral of compensation that is subject to Section 409A, to the extent required to avoid the imposition of additional taxes under Section 409A, such transaction or event will not be deemed a Change in Control unless the transaction qualifies as a “change in control event” within the meaning of Section 409A.


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(f)Change in Control Protection Period” means the period beginning on the date three months prior to the consummation of the Change in Control and ending on the first anniversary of such Change in Control.

(g)Code” means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.

(h)Date of Termination” means the date of termination of your employment for any reason.

(i)“Disability” means “Disability” (or any term of similar effect) as defined in your employment agreement with the Company or any Affiliate if such an agreement exists and contains a definition of Disability (or term of similar effect), or, if no such agreement exists or such agreement does not contain a definition of Disability (or term of similar effect), then Disability means an illness (mental or physical) or incapacity, which results in you being unable to perform your duties as an employee of the Company for a period of one hundred eighty (180) days, whether or not consecutive, in any twelve (12) month period.

(j)Equity Awards” means all stock options, restricted stock units, performance stock units and such other equity-based awards granted pursuant to the Incentive Award Plan. For the avoidance of doubt, “Equity Awards” shall not include any cash or cash-based awards granted pursuant to the Incentive Award Plan.


(k)Incentive Award Plan” means Lemonade, Inc. 2020 Incentive Award Plan (or any successor equity incentive plan of the Company).

(l)Lemonade Entities” means Lemonade, Inc. and its direct and indirect Subsidiaries.

(m)Subsidiary” shall mean any entity (other than the Company), whether domestic or foreign, in an unbroken chain of entities beginning with the Company if each of the entities other than the last entity in the unbroken chain beneficially owns, at the time of the determination, securities or interests representing at least fifty percent (50%) of the total combined voting power of all classes of securities or interests in one of the other entities in such chain

2.Term of Agreement. The term of this Agreement will commence as of the closing of the Company’s initial public offering of stock pursuant to an effective registration statement filed under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Effective Date”) and shall continue in effect until your Date of Termination.

3.Termination and Eligibility for Severance.

(a)Accrued Benefits. Upon any termination of your employment, you will be paid (i) any and all earned and unpaid portion of your Base Pay through the Date of Termination; (ii) any accrued but unused vacation pay owed to you in accordance with Company practices up to and including the Date of Termination; and (iii) any allowable and unreimbursed business expenses incurred through the Date of Termination that are supported by appropriate documentation in accordance with the Company's applicable expense reimbursement policies. Hereafter, items (i) through (iii) in this Section 3 are referred to as “Accrued Benefits.'' If termination of your employment is for any reason other than by the Company without Cause (other than due to death or Disability), you will be entitled to receive only the Accrued Benefits.
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(b)Severance Payments and Benefits. Subject to Sections 3(c), 5 and 6 of the Agreement:
(i)Non-CIC Severance Payments and Benefits. If the Company terminates your employment without Cause (other than as a result of your death or Disability), in each case, outside of the Change in Control Protection Period, then, in addition to the Accrued Benefits, the Company will provide you the following severance and related post-termination benefits (the “Non-CIC Severance Payments and Benefits”):
(1)The Company shall, during the period beginning on the Date of Termination and ending on the six (6)-month anniversary of the Date of Termination, pay to you an amount equal to the sum of six (6) months of your Base Pay as in effect immediately prior to the Date of Termination and fifty percent (50%) of your target Annual Bonus for the calendar year in which the Date of Termination occurs (collectively, the “Non-CIC Severance Payment”);
(2)The Company shall pay you an amount equal to the aggregate sum of the Company's share of medical, dental and vision insurance premiums for you and your dependents for the period commencing on the Date of Termination and ending on the sixth month anniversary thereof (as if you had remained employed and based on coverage as of immediately prior to termination). For the avoidance of doubt, if immediately prior to the termination of your employment you were required to contribute towards the cost of premiums as a condition of receiving such insurance, the payment hereunder will not cover any such contributions. The cash payment provided for in this Section 3(b)(i)(2) or Section 3(b)(ii)(2), as applicable, is referred to herein as the “Continued Benefit Payment”);
(3)Unless otherwise explicitly set forth in the award agreement for the applicable Equity Award, each outstanding unvested Equity Award held by you immediately prior to the Date of Termination that is subject to vesting based solely upon your continuous service with the Company that would have vested during the six (6)-month period following the Date of Termination had you remained employed shall remain outstanding and shall automatically vest and become exercisable (as applicable) on the Severance Commencement Date; provided that the Release Agreement has become effective and irrevocable as of such date (the “Non-CIC Equity Benefit”); provided, further, that if the Release Agreement has not become effective and irrevocable as of such date, such Equity Awards shall automatically be forfeited for no consideration on such date, and
(4)Subject to the provisions of Sections 3(c) and 6, the Non-CIC Severance Payment and Continued Benefit Payment shall be paid in equal installments during the six (6)-month period following the Date of Termination in accordance with the Company’s normal payroll practices beginning on the first payroll date following the 60th day following the Date of Termination (such payroll date, the “Severance Commencement Date”), and with the first installment including any amounts that would have been paid had the Release Agreement been effective and irrevocable on the Date of Termination.
(ii)CIC Severance Payments and Benefits. If the Company terminates your employment without Cause (other than as a result of your death or Disability), in each
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case, during the Change in Control Protection Period, then, in addition to the Accrued Benefits (and, for the avoidance of doubt, in lieu of the Non-CIC Severance Payments and Benefits), the Company will provide you the following severance and related post-termination benefits (the “CIC Severance Payments and Benefits”):
(1)The Company shall pay you an amount equal to the sum of twelve (12) months of your Base Pay as in effect immediately prior to the Date of Termination and your target Annual Bonus for the calendar year in which the Date of Termination occurs, (collectively, the “CIC Severance Payment”);
(2)The Company shall pay you an amount equal to the aggregate sum of the Company's share of medical, dental and vision insurance premiums for you and your dependents for the period commencing on the Date of Termination and ending on the first anniversary thereof (as if you had remained employed and based on coverage as of immediately prior to termination). For the avoidance of doubt, if immediately prior to the termination of your employment you were required to contribute towards the cost of premiums as a condition of receiving such insurance, the payment hereunder will not cover any such contributions; and
(3)Unless otherwise explicitly set forth in the award agreement for the applicable Equity Award, any unvested Equity Awards outstanding immediately prior to the Date of Termination shall automatically become fully vested and exercisable (as applicable) on the Severance Commencement Date; provided that the Release Agreement has become effective and irrevocable as of such date (the “CIC Equity Benefit”); provided, further, that if the Release Agreement has not become effective and irrevocable as of such date, such Equity Awards shall automatically be forfeited for no consideration on such date.

(4)Subject to the provisions of Sections 3(c) and 6, the CIC Severance Payment and the Continued Benefit Payments shall be paid in equal installments during the twelve (12)-month period following the Date of Termination in accordance with the Company’s normal payroll practices beginning on Severance Commencement Date, and with the first installment including any amounts that would have been paid had the Release Agreement been effective and irrevocable on the Date of Termination shall be made in a lump sum on the Severance Commencement Date.
(c)Release. Any amounts payable pursuant to Section 3(b)(i) or Section 3(b)(ii), as applicable (collectively, the “Severance Benefits”), shall be in lieu of notice or any other severance benefits to which you might otherwise be entitled from any Lemonade Entity. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, the Company's provision of the Severance Benefits will be contingent upon your timely execution and non-revocation of a general waiver and release of claims agreement in a form to be provided by the Company (a “Release Agreement”), subject to the terms set forth herein. You will have twenty-one (21) days (or, in the event that your termination of employment is “in connection with an exit incentive or other employment termination program” (as such phrase is defined in the Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967, as amended), forty-five (45) days) following your receipt of the Release Agreement to consider whether or not to accept it. If the Release Agreement is signed and delivered by you to the Company, you will have seven (7) days from the date of delivery to revoke your acceptance of such agreement (the “Revocation Period”). If you do not timely
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execute or if you subsequently revoke the Release Agreement, you shall be required to pay to the Company, immediately upon demand therefor, the amount of any payments or benefits you received in connection with any portion of Equity Awards that was eligible to vest pursuant to Section 3(b) (including, without limitation, proceeds received or realized by you from the sale or surrender of any shares underlying such Equity Awards in connection with applicable tax withholding).
(d)The provisions of this Section 3 shall supersede in their entirety any severance payment provisions in any employment agreement, severance plan, severance policy, severance program or other severance arrangement maintained by the Company. The Company shall have no further obligation to you in the event of termination of your employment for any reason at any time, other than those obligations specifically set forth in this Section 3.
4.Mitigation. You shall not be required to mitigate the amount of any payment or benefit provided for in Section 3 by seeking other employment or otherwise, nor shall the amount of any payment or benefit provided for in Section 3 be reduced by any compensation earned by you as the result of employment by another employer or by retirement benefits after the Date of Termination or otherwise, subject to Section 5; provided, however, that any loans, advances or other amounts owed by you to the Company may be offset by the Company and its affiliates against amounts payable to you under Section 3 to the greatest extent permitted by applicable law.
5.Restrictive Covenants and Other Conditions. You acknowledge and agree that you are a party to that certain Proprietary Information, Assignment of Inventions Non Disclosure and Non Compete Agreement, dated as of September 25, 2019, and such agreement remains in full force and effect (the “Restrictive Covenant Agreement”). In the event of (a) your material breach of the Restrictive Covenant Areement, (b) your engagement in any act or omission after the Date of Termination that would have constituted “Cause” under subsection (i) of the definition thereof (without regard for any cure periods therein) for termination of your employment had you remained employed after the Date of Termination, or (c) the Company’s determination in good faith that facts or circumstances existed on the Date of Termination that, if known by the Company on the Date of Termination, would have constituted Cause, the Company shall be entitled to cease all payments and benefits pursuant to Section 3(b), all Equity Awards that vested pursuant to Section 3(b) and any shares of Company stock you received with respect thereto shall immediately be forfeited, without payment therefor, and you shall be required to pay to the Company, immediately upon demand therefor, the amount of any proceeds realized by you from the sale of any such shares.
6.Section 409A Tax Implications. Any payments or benefits required to be provided under this Agreement that is subject to Section 409A of the Code shall be provided only after the date of your “separation from service” with the Company as defined under Section 409A of the Code and the regulations and guidance issued thereunder (collectively, “Section 409A”). The following rules shall apply with respect to distribution of the payments and benefits, if any, to be provided to you under this Agreement:
(a)    To the extent applicable, this Agreement shall be interpreted in accordance with Section 409A. Each installment of the payments and benefits provided hereunder shall be treated as a separate “payment” for purposes of Section 409A. If and to the extent (i) any portion of any payment, compensation or other benefit provided to you pursuant to this Agreement in connection with your termination of employment constitutes “nonqualified deferred compensation” within the meaning of Section 409A and (ii) you are a specified employee as defined in Section
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409A(a)(2)(B)(i) of the Code, in each case as determined by the Company in accordance with its procedures, by which determinations you agree that you are bound, such portion of the payment, compensation or other benefit shall not be paid until the first business day that is six (6) months plus one (1) day or more after the date of “separation from service” (as determined under Section 409A) (the “New Payment Date”), except such earlier date as Section 409A may then permit. The aggregate of any payments that otherwise would have been paid to you during the period between the date of separation from service and the New Payment Date shall be paid to you in a lump sum on such New Payment Date, and any remaining payments will be paid on their original schedule.
(b)The Company and its employees, agents and representatives make no representations or warranty and shall have no liability to you or any other person if any provisions of or payments, compensation or other benefits under this Agreement are determined to constitute nonqualified deferred compensation subject to Section 409A but do not satisfy the conditions of that section. Notwithstanding any provision of this Agreement to the contrary, in the event that following the Effective Date the Board determines that this Agreement may be subject to Section 409A, the Board may (but is not obligated to), without your consent, adopt such amendments to this Agreement or adopt other policies and procedures (including amendments, policies and procedures with retroactive effect), or take any other actions, that the Board determines are necessary or appropriate to (i) exempt this Agreement from Section 409A and/or preserve the intended tax treatment of the benefits provided with respect to this Agreement or (ii) comply with the requirements of Section 409A and thereby avoid the application of any penalty taxes under Section 409A.
7.Section 280G. If any payment or benefit you would receive or retain under this Severance Agreement, when combined with any other payment or benefit you receive or retain in connection with a “change in control event” within the meaning of Section 280G of the Code and the regulations and guidance thereunder (“Section 280G”), would (a) constitute a “parachute payment” within the meaning of Section 280G of the Code, and (b) but for this Section 7, be subject to the excise tax imposed by Section 4999 of the Code (the “Excise Tax”), then such Payment shall be either payable in full or in such lesser amount as would result in no portion of the Payment being subject to the Excise Tax, whichever of the foregoing amounts, taking into account the applicable federal, state and local employment taxes, income taxes, and the Excise Tax, results in your receipt, on an after-tax basis, of the greater amount of the Payment notwithstanding that all or some portion of the Payment may be subject to the Excise Tax. All determinations required to be made under this Section 7, including whether and to what extent the Payment shall be reduced and the assumptions to be utilized in arriving at such determination, shall be made by a nationally recognized certified public accounting firm or consulting firm experience in matters regarding Section 280G of the Code as may be designated by the Company (the “280G Advisor”). The 280G Advisor shall provide detailed supporting calculations both to you and the Company at such time as is requested by the Company. All fees and expenses of the Accounting Firm shall be borne solely by the Company. Any final determination by the 280G Advisor shall be binding upon you and the Company. For purposes of making the calculations required by this Section 7, the 280G Advisor may make reasonable assumptions and approximations concerning applicable taxes and may rely on reasonable, good-faith interpretations concerning the application of Sections 280G and 4999 of the Code.
8.Withholding. The Company shall be entitled to withhold from any amounts payable under this Agreement any federal, state, local or foreign withholding or other taxes or charges that the Company is
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required to withhold. The Company shall be entitled to rely on an opinion or advice of counsel if any questions as to the amount or requirement of withholding arise.
9.Miscellaneous.

(a)This Agreement, together with any written employment agreement or offer letter to which you may be a party and any agreements referenced herein, will constitute our entire agreement as to your employment by the Company and will supersede any prior agreements or understandings, whether in writing or oral, with respect to the subject matter hereof, other than with respect to any agreements between you and the Company with respect to confidential information, intellectual property, non-competition, non-solicitation, non-disparagement, nondisclosure of proprietary information, inventions and injunctive relief, including, without limitation, the Restrictive Covenant Agreement); provided that Section 9(f) supersedes and replaces any prior dispute resolution provisions in any other prior agreement between you and the Company (including, without limitation, the Restrictive Covenant Agreement).

(b)This Agreement may be executed in more than one counterpart, each of which shall be deemed to be an original, and all such counterparts together shall constitute one and the same instrument.

(c)The provisions of this Agreement are severable and if any one or more provisions may be determined to be illegal or otherwise unenforceable, in whole or in part, the remaining provisions of this Agreement shall nevertheless be binding and enforceable and except to the extent necessary to reform or delete such illegal or unenforceable provision, this Agreement shall remain unmodified and in full force and effect.

(d)This Agreement is personal in nature and neither of the parties hereto shall, without the written consent of the other, assign or otherwise transfer this Agreement or its obligations, duties and rights under this Agreement; provided, however, that in the event of the merger, consolidation, transfer or sale of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company, this Agreement shall, subject to the provisions hereof, be binding upon and inure to the benefit of such successor and such successor shall discharge and perform all of the promises, covenants, duties and obligations of the Company hereunder.

(e)All notices shall be in writing and shall be delivered personally (including by courier), sent by facsimile transmission (with appropriate documented receipt thereof), by overnight receipted courier service (such as UPS or Federal Express) or sent by certified, registered or express mail, postage prepaid, to the Company at the following address: Lemonade, Inc., 5 Crosby Street, 3rd Floor, Attn: Head of Legal, and to you at the most current address we have in your employment file. Any such notice shall be deemed given when so delivered personally, or if sent by facsimile transmission, when transmitted, or, if by certified, registered or express mail, postage prepaid mailed, forty-eight (48) hours after the date of deposit in the mail. Any party may, by notice given in accordance with this paragraph to the other party, designate another address or person for receipt of notices hereunder.

(f)Disputes. The parties will keep confidential, and will not disclose to any person, except as may be required by law or the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange
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Commission or other government agencies, the existence of any controversy hereunder or the status or court resolution thereof.

(g)This Agreement shall be governed by and interpreted in accordance with the laws of the State of Israel, without regard to the conflict of laws provisions thereof or of any other jurisdiction. Any dispute arising under or relating to this Agreement shall be resolved by the competent courts in Tel Aviv, and each of the parties hereby submits irrevocably to the exclusive jurisdiction of such venue

10.Acceptance. You may accept the terms and conditions described herein by confirming your acceptance in writing. Please send your countersignature to this Agreement to the Company, or via e-mail to me, which execution will evidence your agreement with the terms and conditions set forth herein.
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, each of the parties has executed this Severance Agreement, in the case of the Company by its duly authorized officer, as of the day and year first above written.


EXECUTIVE:


/s/ Adina Eckstein
Name: Adina Eckstein
Title: Chief Operating Officer


COMPANY:


By: /s/ Daniel Schreiber
Name: Daniel Schreiber
Title: Chief Executive Officer





Signature Page to Severance Agreement
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VOTING AND SUPPORT AGREEMENT
THIS VOTING AND SUPPORT AGREEMENT (this “Agreement”) is made and entered into as of November 8, 2021, by and among Lemonade, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“Parent”); and [  ], a [  ] (“Stockholder”).
WHEREAS, contemporaneously with the execution of this Agreement, Parent, Citrus Merger Sub A, Inc., a Delaware corporation and a direct wholly owned subsidiary of Parent (“Acquisition Sub I”), Citrus Merger Sub B, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company and a direct wholly owned subsidiary of Parent (“Acquisition Sub II,” and together with Acquisition Sub I, the “Acquisition Subs”), and Metromile, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), are entering into an Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of the date hereof (the “Merger Agreement”), providing, among other things, for an integrated transaction pursuant to which, first, Acquisition Sub I will be merged with and into the Company (the “First Merger”) in accordance with the Merger Agreement and the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware (the “DGCL”), and second, the Company, as the surviving corporation in the First Merger, will be merged with and into Acquisition Sub II (the “Second Merger,” and together with the First Merger, the “Mergers”) in accordance with the Merger Agreement, the DGCL and the Delaware Limited Liability Company Act, with Acquisition Sub II as the surviving limited liability company; and
WHEREAS, as a condition of and inducement to Parent’s willingness to enter into the Merger Agreement, Parent and the Acquisition Subs have required that Stockholder enter into this Agreement.
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the foregoing and the respective representations, warranties, covenants and agreements set forth in this Agreement and in the Merger Agreement, and intending to be legally bound hereby, the parties hereto agree as follows:
1.Certain Definitions. For the purposes of this Agreement, capitalized terms used but not otherwise defined in this Agreement shall have the meanings ascribed to them in the Merger Agreement, and other capitalized terms used herein shall have the respective meanings ascribed to them in this Section 1.
Additional Owned Shares” shall mean all shares of Company Common Stock and any other equity securities of the Company which are beneficially owned by Stockholder or, solely with respect to any Stockholder that is not an individual, any of its controlled Affiliates, and are acquired after the date hereof and prior to the Expiration Date.
Affiliate” shall have the meaning set forth in the Merger Agreement; provided, however, that the Company shall not be deemed to be an Affiliate of Stockholder.
beneficial ownership” (and related terms such as “beneficially owned” or “beneficial owner”) shall have the meaning set forth in Rule 13d-3 under the Exchange Act, and a Person’s beneficial ownership of securities shall be calculated in accordance with the provisions of such rule (in each case, irrespective of whether or not such rule is actually applicable in such circumstance).
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Company Stockholders Meeting” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.
Covered Shares” shall mean the Owned Shares and Additional Owned Shares.
knowledge of Stockholder” shall mean, for any Stockholder that is an individual, the actual knowledge, after reasonable inquiry, of such Stockholder and, for any Stockholder that is not an individual, the actual knowledge, after reasonable inquiry, of any officer of Stockholder.
Liens” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 5(a).
Owned Shares” shall mean all shares of Company Common Stock and any other equity securities of the Company which are beneficially owned by Stockholder or, solely with respect to any Stockholder that is not an individual, any of its controlled Affiliates, as of the date hereof, as set forth on Schedule I.
Representatives” shall mean, with respect to a Person, all of the officers, directors, employees, consultants, legal representatives, agents, advisors, auditors, investment bankers, and other representatives of such Person and, solely with respect to any Stockholder that is not an individual, any of its controlled Affiliates.
Term” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 6.
Transfer” shall mean, with respect to a security, the transfer, pledge, hypothecation, encumbrance, assignment or other disposition (whether by sale, merger, consolidation, liquidation, dissolution, dividend, distribution or otherwise) of such security or the beneficial ownership thereof, the offer to make such a transfer or other disposition, and each option, agreement, arrangement or understanding, whether or not in writing, to effect any of the foregoing. As a verb, “Transfer” shall have a correlative meaning.
2.Agreement to Vote. Prior to the Expiration Date, at any meeting of the stockholders of the Company, however called, or at any adjournment or postponement thereof, or in any other circumstance in which the vote, consent or other approval of the stockholders of the Company is sought (each, a “Company Stockholders Meeting”), Stockholder irrevocably and unconditionally agrees that [it][he/she] shall, and shall cause any other holder of record of Stockholder’s Covered Shares to, (a) appear at each such meeting or otherwise cause all Covered Shares to be counted as present thereat for purposes of calculating a quorum and (b) vote (or cause to be voted), or execute and deliver a written consent (or cause a written consent to be executed and delivered) covering, all Covered Shares:
(i)in favor of the adoption of the Merger Agreement and the approval of the Mergers and the other transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement, and the execution and delivery by the Company of the Merger Agreement and the approval of the terms thereof and each of the other actions contemplated by the Merger Agreement and this Agreement;
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(ii)in favor of any adjournment or postponement recommended by the Company with respect to any Company Stockholders Meeting to the extent permitted or required pursuant to Section 4.4 of the Merger Agreement;
(iii)against any Company Acquisition Proposal;
(iv)against any merger agreement or merger (other than the Merger Agreement and the Mergers), consolidation, combination, sale of substantial assets, reorganization, recapitalization, dissolution, liquidation or winding up of or by the Company; and
(v)against any proposal, action or agreement that would reasonably be expected to (A) materially impede, frustrate, interfere with, delay, postpone, prevent or otherwise impair the Mergers or the other transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement, (B) result in a breach in any respect of any covenant, representation, warranty or any other obligation or agreement of the Company under the Merger Agreement, (C) result in a breach in any respect of any covenant, representation, warranty or any other obligation or agreement of Stockholder under this Agreement, (D) result in any of the conditions set forth in Section 5 of the Merger Agreement not being fulfilled or (E) except as expressly contemplated by the Merger Agreement, change in any manner the dividend policy or capitalization of, including the voting rights of any class of capital stock of, the Company. Stockholder shall not commit or agree to take any action inconsistent with the foregoing.
3.No Disposition or Solicitation.
(a)No Disposition or Adverse Act. Stockholder hereby covenants and agrees that, except as contemplated by this Agreement and the Merger Agreement, prior to the Expiration Date, Stockholder shall not (i) offer to Transfer, Transfer or consent to any Transfer of any or all of the Covered Shares or any interest therein without the prior written consent of Parent, (ii) enter into any contract, option or other agreement or understanding with respect to any Transfer of any or all Covered Shares or any interest therein, (iii) grant any proxy, power-of-attorney or other authorization or consent in or with respect to any or all of the Covered Shares (other than a proxy card or broker instructions directing that the Covered Shares be voted in accordance with Section 2), (iv) deposit any or all of the Covered Shares into a voting trust or enter into a voting agreement or arrangement with respect to any or all of the Covered Shares or (v) take any other action that would make any representation or warranty of Stockholder contained herein untrue or incorrect or in any way restrict, limit or interfere with the performance of Stockholder’s obligations hereunder or the transactions contemplated hereby or by the Merger Agreement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, a Stockholder may Transfer Covered Shares (i) pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan established by the Stockholder and in effect as of the date hereof, (ii) to effect a “cashless exercise” to pay the exercise price of Company Options or to satisfy such Stockholder’s Tax withholding obligations in connection with such exercise, as permitted pursuant to the terms of any of the Company Equity Agreements, (iii) to effect a “net settlement” of Company RSUs to satisfy such Stockholder’s Tax withholding obligations upon the settlement of a Company RSU, as permitted pursuant to the terms of any of the Company Equity Agreements, (iv), in the case of a Stockholder that is not an individual, to an Affiliate of
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such Stockholder and (v), in the case of a Stockholder that is an individual, (A) to any member of such Stockholder’s immediate family, (B) to a trust for the sole benefit of such Stockholder or any member of such Stockholder’s immediate family (i.e., spouse, lineal descendant or antecedent, brother or sister, adopted child or grandchild or the spouse of any child, adopted child, grandchild or adopted grandchild), (C) upon the death of such Stockholder, and (D) by will, divorce decree, intestacy or other similar law; provided that any such Transfer referenced in clauses (iv) - (v) shall be permitted only if the applicable transferee agrees in a signed writing reasonably acceptable to Parent (such acceptance not to be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed) to be bound by the terms of this Agreement (a “Permitted Transfer”). Any attempted Transfer of Covered Shares or any interest therein in violation of this Section 3(a) shall be null and void ab initio.
(b)Non-Solicitation. Prior to the Expiration Date, Stockholder hereby agrees that Stockholder shall not, and shall use [its][his/her] reasonable best efforts to cause [its][his/her] Representatives not to, directly or indirectly:
(i)solicit, initiate, knowingly encourage or knowingly facilitate any inquiries regarding, or the submission or announcement by any Person (other than Parent or its Subsidiaries) of, any proposal or offer that constitutes, or would reasonably be expected to lead to, any Company Acquisition Proposal;
(ii)furnish any non-public information regarding the Company or any Subsidiary of the Company (other than to Parent and its Subsidiaries), in connection with, or for the purpose of soliciting, initiating, knowingly encouraging or knowingly facilitating, or in response to, any inquiry, proposal or offer that constitutes or would reasonably be expected to lead to a Company Acquisition Proposal;
(iii)engage in, enter into, continue or otherwise participate in any discussions or negotiations with any Person (other than Parent or its Representatives) with respect to any Company Acquisition Proposal or any inquiry, proposal or offer that would reasonably be expected to lead to any Company Acquisition Proposal;
(iv)approve, adopt, recommend, agree to or enter into, or propose to approve, adopt, recommend, agree to or enter into, any letter of intent, memorandum of understanding or similar document, agreement, commitment, or agreement in principle with respect to any Company Acquisition Proposal; or
(v)resolve or agree to do any of the foregoing.
(c)Stockholder shall promptly (and in no event later than one (1) Business Day after [its][his/her] receipt of such Company Acquisition Proposal or request) notify Parent in writing of any Company Acquisition Proposal or request (which notification shall include the identity of the Person making or submitting such request or Company Acquisition Proposal and a copy of any such written request or proposal (or, if not in writing, the material terms and conditions thereof)), together with copies of any proposed transaction agreements, and Stockholder shall thereafter keep Parent reasonably informed, on a reasonably current basis (and,
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in any event, within one (1) Business Day), of the status of such Company Acquisition Proposal or request, including informing Parent of any material change to the terms of such Company Acquisition Proposal, and the status of any negotiations, including any material change in its intentions as previously notified. Any violation of the foregoing restrictions by Stockholder or any of [its] [his/her] Representatives shall be deemed to be a material breach of this Agreement by Stockholder. Promptly following the execution and delivery of this Agreement, Stockholder shall, and shall use [its][his/her] reasonable best efforts to cause [its][his/her] Representatives to, and, solely with respect to a Stockholder that is not an individual, shall cause each of its controlled Affiliates to, immediately cease and cause to be terminated any existing solicitation of, or discussions or negotiations with, any Person (other than Parent and its Representatives) relating to any Company Acquisition Proposal made prior to the date hereof and any access any such Persons may have to any physical or electronic data room relating to any potential Company Acquisition Proposal.
(a)Irrevocable Proxy.
(i)Stockholder hereby (A) irrevocably grants to, and appoints, Parent, and any person designated in writing by Parent, and each of them individually, Stockholder’s proxy and attorney-in-fact (with full power of substitution), for and in the name, place and stead of Stockholder, to vote all of the Covered Shares or grant a consent or approval in respect of the Covered Shares, in accordance with the terms of Section 2 hereof, solely with respect to matters set forth in Sections 2(i) – (v) hereof, and (B) revokes any and all proxies heretofore given in respect of the Covered Shares. For the avoidance of doubt, nothing herein shall restrict Stockholder from voting or granting consents or approvals in respect of the Covered Shares for any matters other than those set forth in Sections 2(i) – (v) hereof.
(ii)The attorneys-in-fact and proxies named above are hereby authorized and empowered by Stockholder at any time after the date hereof and prior to the Expiration Date to act as Stockholder’s attorney-in-fact and proxy to vote the Covered Shares, and to exercise all voting, consent and similar rights of Stockholder with respect to the Covered Shares (including the power to execute and deliver written consents), solely with respect to matters set forth in Sections 2(i) – (v) hereof, at every Company Stockholders Meeting and in every written consent in lieu of such a meeting in accordance with the terms of Section 2 hereof.
(iii)Stockholder hereby represents to Parent that any proxies heretofore given in respect of the Covered Shares are not irrevocable and that any such proxies are hereby revoked, and Stockholder agrees to promptly notify the Company of such revocation. Stockholder hereby affirms that the irrevocable proxy granted herein is given in connection with the execution of the Merger Agreement and that such irrevocable proxy is given to secure the performance of the duties of Stockholder under this Agreement. Stockholder hereby further affirms that the irrevocable proxy granted herein is coupled with an interest and may under no circumstances be revoked. Stockholder hereby ratifies and confirms all that such irrevocable proxy may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, such irrevocable
5



proxy is executed and intended to be irrevocable in accordance with the provisions of Section 212 of the DGCL. If for any reason the proxy granted herein is not irrevocable, Stockholder agrees to vote the Covered Shares in accordance with Section 2 hereof, solely with respect to matters set forth in Sections 2(i) – (v) hereof.
4.Additional Agreements.
(a)Certain Events. In the event of any stock split, stock dividend, merger, reorganization, recapitalization or other change in the capital structure of the Company affecting the Covered Shares or the acquisition of Additional Owned Shares or other securities or rights of the Company by Stockholder, (i) the type and number of Covered Shares shall be adjusted appropriately, and (ii) this Agreement and the obligations hereunder shall automatically attach to any additional Covered Shares or other securities or rights of the Company issued to or acquired by Stockholder.
(b)Stop Transfer. In furtherance of this Agreement, Stockholder hereby authorizes and instructs the Company (including through the Company’s transfer agent) to enter a stop transfer order with respect to all of the Covered Shares, including authorizing the Company to, as promptly as practicable after the date of this Agreement, make a notation on its records and give instructions to the transfer agent for the Covered Shares not to permit, during the term of this Agreement, the Transfer of the Covered Shares unless such Transfer is a Permitted Transfer, provided that promptly following the earlier of (x) the Expiration Date and (y) obtaining the Required Company Stockholder Vote, any such stop transfer instructions imposed pursuant to this Section 4(b) shall be lifted.
(c)    Waiver of Appraisal and Dissenters’ Rights and Actions. Stockholder hereby (i) waives and agrees not to exercise any rights of appraisal or rights to dissent from the Mergers that Stockholder may have and (ii) agrees not to commence or participate in, assist or knowingly encourage, and to take all actions necessary to opt out of, any class in any class action with respect to, any action or claim, derivative or otherwise, against Parent, Acquisition Subs, the Company or any of their respective Subsidiaries or Affiliates and each of their successors and assigns relating to the negotiation, execution or delivery of this Agreement or the Merger Agreement or the consummation of the Mergers, including any claim (A) challenging the validity of, or seeking to enjoin the operation of, any provision of this Agreement (including any claim seeking to enjoin or delay the closing of the Mergers or (B) alleging a breach of any fiduciary duty of the Company Board in connection with the Merger Agreement or the transactions contemplated thereby; provided that nothing in this Section 4(c) shall restrict or prohibit Stockholder from asserting (x) its right to receive the Merger Consideration in accordance with the Merger Agreement and the DGCL or (y) counterclaims or defenses in any proceeding brought or claims asserted against it by Parent, Acquisition Subs, the Company or any of their respective Subsidiaries or Affiliates and each of their successors and assigns relating to this Agreement or the Merger Agreement, or from enforcing its rights under this Agreement.
(d)Communications. Stockholder shall not, and shall use reasonable best efforts to cause [its][his/her] Representatives not to, make any press release, public
6



announcement or other communication with respect to the business or affairs of any of the Company, Parent or Acquisition Subs, including this Agreement and the Merger Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby, without the prior written consent of Parent. Stockholder hereby (i) consents to and authorizes the publication and disclosure by Parent of Stockholder’s identity and holding of Covered Shares, and the nature of Stockholder’s commitments, arrangements and understandings under this Agreement in any press release or any other disclosure document in connection with the Mergers or any other transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement and (ii) agrees as promptly as practicable to notify Parent of any required corrections with respect to any written information supplied by Stockholder specifically for use in any such disclosure document.
(e)Additional Owned Shares. Stockholder hereby agrees to notify Parent promptly in writing of the number and description of any Additional Owned Shares.
5.Representations and Warranties of Stockholder. Stockholder hereby represents and warrants to Parent as follows:
(a)Title. Stockholder is the sole record and beneficial owner of the Covered Shares. The Owned Shares constitute all of the capital stock and any other equity securities of the Company owned of record or beneficially by Stockholder on the date hereof, and Stockholder is not the beneficial owner of, and does not have any right to acquire (whether currently, upon lapse of time, following the satisfaction of any conditions, upon the occurrence of any event or any combination of the foregoing) any shares of Company Common Stock or any other equity securities of the Company or any securities convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable for shares of Company Common Stock or such other equity securities, in each case other than the Owned Shares and any Additional Owned Shares. Stockholder (or its nominee or custodian for the benefit of Stockholder) has sole voting power, sole power of disposition and sole power to issue instructions with respect to the matters set forth in Sections 3 and 4 hereof and all other matters set forth in this Agreement, in each case with respect to all of the Covered Shares with no limitations, qualifications or restrictions on such rights, subject to applicable securities laws and the terms of this Agreement. Except as permitted by this Agreement, the Owned Shares and the certificates representing such Owned Shares, if any, are now, and at all times prior to the Expiration Date will be, held by Stockholder, or by a nominee or custodian for the benefit of Stockholder, free and clear of any and all liens, pledges, claims, options, proxies, voting trusts or agreements, security interests, understandings or arrangements or any other encumbrances whatsoever on title, transfer or exercise of any rights of a stockholder in respect of the Owned Shares (other than as created by this Agreement) (collectively, “Liens”).
(b)Organization and Qualification. If Stockholder is not an individual, Stockholder is a legal entity duly organized, validly existing and, to the extent such concept is applicable, in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its organization.
(c)Authority. Stockholder has all necessary individual or entity power and authority and legal capacity to, and has taken all action necessary in order to, execute, deliver and perform all of Stockholder’s obligations under this Agreement, and consummate the transactions contemplated hereby, and no other proceedings or actions on the part of Stockholder
7



are necessary to authorize the execution, delivery or performance of this Agreement or the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby.
(d)Due Execution and Delivery. This Agreement has been duly and validly executed and delivered by Stockholder and, assuming due authorization, execution and delivery hereof by Parent, constitutes a legal, valid and binding agreement of Stockholder, enforceable against Stockholder in accordance with its terms, subject to the Bankruptcy and Equity Exception. If Stockholder is an individual and is married, and any of the Covered Shares constitute community property or spousal approval is otherwise necessary for this Agreement to be legal, binding and enforceable, such Stockholder’s spouse has delivered with this Agreement a Spousal Consent in the form attached hereto as Annex A and this Agreement has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by, and constitutes the legal, valid and binding obligation of, Stockholder’s spouse, enforceable against Stockholder’s spouse in accordance with its terms.
(e)No Filings; No Conflict or Default. Except for any required filings under the HSR Act, any competition, antitrust and investment laws or regulations of foreign jurisdictions and the Exchange Act, and for those Governmental Authorizations identified in Part 5.1(c) of the Company Disclosure Schedule, no filing with, and no permit, authorization, consent or approval of, any Governmental Entity or any other Person is necessary for the execution and delivery of this Agreement by Stockholder, the consummation by Stockholder of the transactions contemplated hereby and the compliance by Stockholder with the provisions hereof. None of the execution and delivery of this Agreement by Stockholder, the consummation by Stockholder of the transactions contemplated hereby or compliance by Stockholder with any of the provisions hereof will (i) result in a violation or breach of, or constitute (with or without notice or lapse of time or both) a default (or give rise to any third party right of termination, cancellation, modification or acceleration) under, any of the terms, conditions or provisions of any note, bond, mortgage, indenture, lease, license, permit, contract, commitment, arrangement, understanding, agreement or other instrument or obligation of any kind, including any voting agreement, proxy arrangement, pledge agreement, shareholders agreement or voting trust, to which Stockholder is a party or by which Stockholder or any of Stockholder’s properties or assets may be bound, (ii) violate any judgment, order, writ, injunction, decree or award of any court, administrative agency or other Governmental Entity that is applicable to Stockholder or any of Stockholder’s properties or assets, (iii) constitute a violation by Stockholder of any law or regulation of any jurisdiction, (iv) render Section 203 of the DGCL, or any other state takeover statute or similar statute or regulation, applicable to the Mergers or any other transaction involving Parent, or (v) if Stockholder is not an individual, contravene or conflict with Stockholder’s governing or organizational documents, in each case, except, in the case of clauses (i) through (iv), for any conflict, breach, default or violation described above which would not materially impair the ability of Stockholder to perform [its][his/her] obligations hereunder or consummate the transactions contemplated hereby.
(f)No Litigation. There is no suit, claim, action, investigation or proceeding pending or, to the knowledge of Stockholder, threatened against Stockholder at law or in equity before or by any Governmental Entity that questions the beneficial or record ownership of Stockholder’s Covered Shares, the validity of this Agreement or the performance by Stockholder of [its][his/her] obligations under this Agreement or that would reasonably be expected to impair
8



in any material respect the ability of Stockholder to perform [its][his/her] obligations hereunder or to consummate the transactions contemplated hereby.
(g)No Fees. No broker, finder or investment banker is entitled to any brokerage, finder’s or other similar fee or commission in connection with the transactions contemplated hereby based upon arrangements made by or on behalf of Stockholder.
(h)Receipt; Reliance. Stockholder has received and reviewed a copy of the Merger Agreement. Stockholder understands and acknowledges that Parent and Acquisition Subs are entering into the Merger Agreement in reliance upon Stockholder’s execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement and the representations, warranties, covenants and other agreements of Stockholder contained herein.
6.Termination. This Agreement and all rights and obligations of the parties hereunder, including the proxy, shall commence on the date hereof and shall terminate upon the earliest of (such time, the “Expiration Date”) (a) the mutual agreement of Parent and Stockholder, (b) the Effective Time, and (c) the termination of the Merger Agreement in accordance with its terms; provided that (i) nothing herein shall relieve any party hereto from liability for any breach of this Agreement and (ii) this Section 6 and Section 8 shall survive any termination of this Agreement.
7.No Limitation. Nothing in this Agreement shall be construed to prohibit Stockholder or any of Stockholder’s Representatives who is an officer or member of the Company Board from taking any action (or failing to take any action) solely in his or her capacity as an officer or member of the Company Board (or any committee thereof) or from taking any action with respect to any Company Acquisition Proposal as an officer or member of the Company Board (or any committee thereof).
8.Miscellaneous.
(a)Entire Agreement. This Agreement (together with Schedule I) constitutes the entire agreement and supersedes all prior and contemporaneous agreements and understandings, both written and oral, among or between any of the parties hereto with respect to the subject matter hereof.
(b)Reasonable Efforts. At the other party’s reasonable request and without further consideration, each party hereto shall execute and deliver such additional documents and take all such further lawful action as may be reasonably required or necessary to consummate and make effective, in the most expeditious manner practicable, the transactions contemplated hereby. Without limiting the foregoing, Stockholder shall execute and deliver to Parent and any of its designees any proxies, including with respect to Additional Owned Shares, reasonably requested by Parent in furtherance of this Agreement.
(c)No Assignment. This Agreement shall be binding upon, and shall be enforceable by and inure to the benefit of, the parties hereto and their respective successors and permitted assigns. Except in connection with a Permitted Transfer, this Agreement shall not be assignable by any party, in whole or in part, by operation of law or otherwise, without the
9



express prior written consent of the other parties hereto. Any attempted assignment in violation of the terms of this Section 8(c) shall be null and void ab initio.
(d)Binding Successors. Without limiting any other rights Parent may have hereunder in respect of any Transfer of the Covered Shares, Stockholder agrees that this Agreement and the obligations hereunder shall attach to the Covered Shares beneficially owned by Stockholder and shall be binding upon any Person to which legal or beneficial ownership of such Covered Shares shall pass, whether by operation of law or otherwise, including, without limitation, Stockholder’s heirs, guardians, administrators, Representatives, successors or permitted assigns.
(e)Amendments. This Agreement may be amended at any time prior to the Effective Time (whether before or after receipt of the Required Company Stockholder Vote) by an instrument in writing signed on behalf of each of the parties hereto.
(f)Notice. Any notice or other communication required or permitted to be delivered to any party under this Agreement shall be in writing and shall be deemed properly given and made as follows: (i) if sent by registered or certified mail in the United States, return receipt requested, then such communication shall be deemed duly given and made upon receipt; (ii) if sent by nationally recognized overnight air courier (such as DHL or Federal Express), then such communication shall be deemed duly given and made two (2) Business Days after being sent; (iii) if sent by electronic mail, when transmitted (provided that the transmission of the email is promptly confirmed by telephone or response email); and (iv) if otherwise actually personally delivered to a duly authorized representative of the recipient, then such communication shall be deemed duly given and made when delivered to such authorized representative, provided that such notices, requests, demands and other communications are delivered to the address set forth below, or to such other address as any party shall provide by like notice to the other parties to this Agreement:
if to Parent:
Lemonade, Inc.
5 Crosby Street, 3rd Floor
New York, NY 10013
Attention:    Tim Bixby; Dennis Monaghan
Email:    
with a copy (which shall not constitute notice) to:
Latham & Watkins LLP
1271 Avenue of the Americas
New York, NY 10020
Attention:    Robert M. Katz
Email:    

with a copy (which shall not constitute notice) to:
Amar, Reiter, Jeanne, Shochatovitch & Co., Lawyers
10



Technology Park, The Tower main building (“HaMigdal”)
6th floor, 2 Agudat Sport Hapoel Rd.
Jerusalem 969580, Israel
Attention:    Daniel Chinn
Email:    
if to Stockholder:
[STOCKHOLDER]
 ]
Attention:    [  ]
Email:    [  ]
with a copy (which shall not constitute notice) to:
Kirkland & Ellis LLP
601 Lexington Avenue
New York, NY 10022
Attention:    Rajab S. Abbassi; Edward J. Lee
Email:    

(g)Severability. Any term or provision of this Agreement that is invalid or unenforceable in any situation in any jurisdiction shall not affect the validity or enforceability of the remaining terms and provisions hereof or the validity or enforceability of the offending term or provision in any other situation or in any other jurisdiction. If the final judgment of a court of competent jurisdiction declares that any term or provision hereof is invalid or unenforceable, the parties hereto agree that the court making such determination shall have the power to limit the term or provision, to delete specific words or phrases or to replace any invalid or unenforceable term or provision with a term or provision that is valid and enforceable and that comes closest to expressing the intention of the invalid or unenforceable term or provision, and this Agreement shall be enforceable as so modified. In the event such court does not exercise the power granted to it in the prior sentence, the parties hereto agree to replace such invalid or unenforceable term or provision with a valid and enforceable term or provision that will achieve, to the extent possible, the economic, business and other purposes of such invalid or unenforceable term.
(h)Remedies. All rights, powers and remedies provided under this Agreement or otherwise available in respect hereof at law or in equity shall be cumulative and not alternative, and the exercise of any such right, power or remedy by any party hereto shall not preclude the simultaneous or later exercise of any other such right, power or remedy by such party.
(i)No Waiver. Except as otherwise provided in this Agreement, any failure of any of the parties to comply with any obligation, covenant, agreement or condition herein may be waived by the party or parties entitled to the benefits thereof only by a written instrument signed by the party granting such waiver. Any such waiver shall not be applicable or have any effect except in the specific instance in which it is given. No failure on the part of any party to
11



exercise any power, right, privilege or remedy under this Agreement, and no delay on the part of any party in exercising any power, right, privilege or remedy under this Agreement, shall operate as a waiver of such power, right, privilege or remedy. No single or partial exercise of any such power, right, privilege or remedy shall preclude any other or further exercise thereof or of any other power, right, privilege or remedy.
(j)No Third Party Beneficiaries. This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure solely to the benefit of each party hereto, and nothing in this Agreement, express or implied, is intended to confer upon any other Person any rights or remedies of any nature whatsoever under or by reason of this Agreement.
(k)Applicable Law; Jurisdiction.
(i)This Agreement is made under, and shall be construed and enforced in accordance with, the laws of the State of Delaware applicable to agreements made and to be performed solely therein, without giving effect to principles of conflicts of law. Each of the parties hereto (A) consents to and submits to the exclusive personal jurisdiction of the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware or, if that court does not have jurisdiction, a federal court sitting in Delaware in any action or proceeding arising out of or relating to this Agreement or any of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement; (B) agrees that all claims in respect of such action or proceeding shall be heard and determined in any such court; (C) shall not attempt to deny or defeat such personal jurisdiction by motion or other request for leave from any such court; and (D) shall not bring any action or proceeding arising out of or relating to this Agreement or any of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement in any other court. Each of the parties hereto waives any defense of inconvenient forum to the maintenance of any action or proceeding so brought and waives any bond, surety or other security that might be required of any other Person with respect thereto.
(ii)EACH OF THE PARTIES HERETO HEREBY WAIVES TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LEGAL REQUIREMENTS ANY RIGHT IT MAY HAVE TO A TRIAL BY JURY WITH RESPECT TO ANY LITIGATION DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY ARISING OUT OF, UNDER OR IN CONNECTION WITH THIS AGREEMENT OR THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED BY THIS AGREEMENT. Each of the parties hereto acknowledges that it and the other parties have been induced to enter into this Agreement and the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, as applicable, by, among other things, the mutual waivers and certifications in this Section 8(k).
(l)Specific Performance. Each of the parties hereto agrees that irreparable damage would occur in the event that any of the provisions of this Agreement were not performed in accordance with their specific terms or were otherwise breached, and that monetary damages, even if available, would not be an adequate remedy therefor. It is accordingly agreed that, in addition to any other remedy that a party hereto may have under law or in equity, in the
12



event of any breach or threatened breach by Parent or Stockholder of any covenant or obligation of such party contained in this Agreement, the other parties shall be entitled to obtain (i) an Order of specific performance to enforce the observance and performance of such covenant; and (ii) an injunction restraining such breach or threatened breach. In the event that any action is brought in equity to enforce the provisions of this Agreement, no party hereto shall allege, and each party hereto hereby waives the defense or counterclaim, that there is an adequate remedy at law. Each party hereto further agrees that no other party hereto or any other Person shall be required to obtain, furnish or post any bond or similar instrument in connection with or as a condition to obtaining any remedy referred to in this Section 8(l), and each party hereto irrevocably waives any right it may have to require the obtaining, furnishing or posting of any such bond or similar instrument.
(m)Interpretation. The descriptive headings used herein are inserted for convenience of reference only and are not intended to be part of or to affect the meaning or interpretation of this Agreement. The words “include” and “including,” and variations thereof, shall not be deemed to be terms of limitation, but rather shall be deemed to be followed by the words “without limitation.” The parties hereto have participated jointly in the negotiation and drafting of this Agreement. No provision of this Agreement shall be interpreted for or against any party hereto because that party or its legal representatives drafted the provision. The words “hereof,” “hereto,” “hereby,” “herein,” “hereunder” and words of similar import, when used in this Agreement, shall refer to this Agreement as a whole and not any particular section in which such words appear.
(n)Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed and delivered (including by facsimile or other form of electronic transmission) in one or more counterparts, and by the different parties hereto in separate counterparts, each of which when executed shall be deemed to be an original but all of which taken together shall constitute one and the same agreement. The exchange of a fully executed Agreement (in counterparts or otherwise) by facsimile or other electronic delivery shall be sufficient to bind the parties to the terms and conditions of this Agreement.
(o)Expenses. Except as otherwise provided herein, each party hereto shall pay such party’s own expenses incurred in connection with this Agreement.
(p)No Ownership Interest. Nothing contained in this Agreement shall be deemed, upon execution, to vest in Parent any direct or indirect ownership or incidence of ownership of or with respect to any Covered Shares. All rights, ownership and economic benefits of and relating to the Covered Shares shall remain vested in and belong to Stockholder, and Parent shall have no authority to manage, direct, superintend, restrict, regulate, govern or administer any of the policies or operations of the Company or exercise any power or authority to direct Stockholder in the voting of any of the Covered Shares, except as otherwise provided herein.
(q)Capacity as Stockholder. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, Stockholder signs this Agreement solely in Stockholder’s capacity as a stockholder of the Company, and not in any other capacity, and this Agreement shall not limit or otherwise affect the actions (or failure to take any actions) of any Affiliate, employee or designee of Stockholder
13



or any of [its][his/her] Affiliates in his or her capacity, if applicable, as an officer or director of the Company or any other Person.
[Signature page follows]
14



IN WITNESS WHEREOF, Parent and Stockholder have caused this Agreement to be duly executed as of the date first above written.
LEMONADE, INC.
By:        
Name: Daniel Schreiber
Title: Chief Executive Officer
By:        
Name: Shai Wininger
Title: Chief Executive Officer

[Signature Page to Voting and Support Agreement]




[STOCKHOLDER]
By:        
Name:
Title:
[Signature Page to Voting and Support Agreement]


SCHEDULE I
[See attached.]



Name and Contact Information for Stockholder
Number of Shares of Company Common Stock
Beneficially Owned



ANNEX A

Spousal Consent
[See attached.]



Spousal Consent

I, ____________________, spouse of ___________________ (“Stockholder”), acknowledge that I have read the Voting and Support Agreement, executed by Stockholder, entered into on _______, (the “Agreement”), and that I know the contents of the Agreement. I am aware that the Agreement contains provisions regarding Company Common Stock (each, as defined in the Merger Agreement) that my spouse may own, including any interest that I might have therein.
I understand and agree that my interest, if any, in any Company Common Stock subject to the Agreement shall be irrevocably subject to the Agreement and the other agreements referred to therein. I further understand and agree that any community property interest that I may have in such Company Common Stock shall be similarly subject to the Agreement and the other agreements referred to therein.
I irrevocably constitute and appoint Stockholder as my true and lawful attorney and proxy in my name, place and stead to sign, make, execute, acknowledge, deliver, file and record all documents which may be required, and to manage, vote, act and make all decisions with respect to (whether necessary, incidental, convenient or otherwise), any and all Company Common Stock in which I now have or hereafter acquire any interest and in any and all Company Common Stock now or hereafter held of record by Stockholder (including but not limited to, the right, without further signature, consent or knowledge, to exercise amendments and modifications of, and to terminate, the foregoing agreements and to dispose of any and all such Company Common Stock), with all powers I would possess if personally present, it being expressly understood and intended that the foregoing power of attorney and proxy is coupled with an interest; and this power of attorney is a durable power of attorney and will not be affected by disability, incapacity or death of Stockholder, or dissolution of marriage and this proxy will not terminate without the consent of Stockholder.
I am aware that the legal, financial and related matters contained in the Agreement are complex and that I am free to seek independent professional guidance or counsel with respect to this consent. I have either sought such guidance or counsel or determined after carefully reviewing the Agreement that I will not seek such guidance or counsel.

Dated: _______________________            Print Name:






Exhibit 31.1
CERTIFICATION
I, Daniel Schreiber, certify that:
1.I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Lemonade, Inc.;
2.Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
3.Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
4.The registrant’s other certifying officers and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) for the registrant and have:
(a)Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
(b)[omitted];
(c)Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
(d)Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
5.The registrant’s other certifying officers and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
(a)All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
(b)Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: November 9, 2021 By: /s/ Daniel Schreiber
Daniel Schreiber
Co-Chief Executive Officer
(principal executive officer)


Exhibit 31.2
CERTIFICATION
I, Shai Wininger, certify that:
1.I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Lemonade, Inc.;
2.Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
3.Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
4.The registrant’s other certifying officers and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) for the registrant and have:
(a)Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
(b)[omitted];
(c)Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
(d)Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
5.The registrant’s other certifying officers and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
(a)All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
(b)Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: November 9, 2021 By: /s/ Shai Wininger
Shai Wininger
Co-Chief Executive Officer
(principal executive officer)


Exhibit 31.3
CERTIFICATION
I, Tim Bixby, certify that:
1.I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Lemonade, Inc.;
2.Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
3.Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
4.The registrant’s other certifying officers and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) for the registrant and have:
(a)Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
(b)[omitted];
(c)Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
(d)Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
5.The registrant’s other certifying officers and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
(a)All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
(b)Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: November 9, 2021 By: /s/ Tim Bixby
Tim Bixby
Chief Financial Officer
(principal financial officer)


Exhibit 32.1

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350, AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
In connection with the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Lemonade, Inc. (the “Company”) for the period ended September 30, 2021, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Daniel Schreiber, Co-Chief Executive Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant to § 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that, to my knowledge:
1.    The Report fully complies with the requirements of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and
2.    The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

Date: November 9, 2021 By: /s/ Daniel Schreiber
Daniel Schreiber
Co-Chief Executive Officer
(principal executive officer)


Exhibit 32.2

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350, AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
In connection with the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Lemonade, Inc. (the “Company”) for the period ended September 30, 2021, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Shai Wininger, Co-Chief Executive Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant to § 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that, to my knowledge:
1.    The Report fully complies with the requirements of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and
2.    The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

Date: November 9, 2021 By: /s/ Shai Wininger
Shai Wininger
Co-Chief Executive Officer
(principal executive officer)


Exhibit 32.3
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350, AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
In connection with the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Lemonade, Inc. (the “Company”) for the period ended September 30, 2021, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Tim Bixby, Chief Financial Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant to § 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that, to my knowledge:
1.The Report fully complies with the requirements of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and
2.The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

Date: November 9, 2021
By: /s/ Tim Bixby
Tim Bixby
Chief Financial Officer
(principal financial officer)