THRIVENT FINANCIAL FOR
LUTHERANS and
THRIVENT ASSET MANAGEMENT, LLC
PROXY VOTING POLICIES AND PROCEDURES SUMMARY
RESPONSIBILITY TO VOTE PROXIES
Overview
.
Thrivent Financial for Lutherans and Thrivent Asset Management, LLC (collectively,
in their capacity as investment advisers, “Thrivent”) recognize and
adhere to the principle that one of the privileges of owning stock in a company
is the right to vote in the election of the company's directors and on matters
affecting certain important aspects of the company's structure and operations
that are submitted to shareholder vote. As an investment adviser with a
fiduciary responsibility to its clients, Thrivent analyzes the proxy statements
of issuers whose stock is owned by the investment companies which it sponsors
and for which it serves as investment adviser (“Thrivent Funds”) and by
institutional accounts who have requested that Thrivent be involved in the
proxy process.
Thrivent has adopted Proxy Voting Policies and
Procedures (“Policies and Procedures”) for the purpose of establishing
formal policies and procedures for performing and documenting its fiduciary
duty with regard to the voting of client proxies.
Fiduciary Considerations
. It is the policy of
Thrivent that decisions with respect to proxy issues will be made primarily in
light of the anticipated impact of the issue on the desirability of investing
in the portfolio company from the viewpoint of the particular client.
Thrivent seeks to vote proxies solely in the interests
of the client, including Thrivent Fund shareholders, and, where employee
benefit plan assets are involved, in the interests of plan participants and
beneficiaries. Thrivent votes proxies, where possible to do so, in a manner
consistent with its fiduciary obligations and responsibilities. Logistics
involved may make it impossible at times, and at other times disadvantageous,
to vote proxies in every instance.
Other Considerations.
One of the primary factors Thrivent considers when
determining the desirability of investing in a particular company is the
quality and depth of its management. The Policies and Procedures were developed
with the recognition that a company's management is entrusted with the
day-to-day operations of the company, as well as its long-term direction and
strategic planning, subject to the oversight of the company's board of
directors. Accordingly, Thrivent believes that the recommendation of
management or the board on most issues should be given weight in determining
how proxy issues should be voted and these Policies and Procedures are not
intended to substitute Thrivent’s judgement for management’s with respect to a
company’s day-to-day operations. However, the position of a company's
management will not be supported in any situation where it is found to be not
in the best interests of Thrivent’s client, and Thrivent reserves the right to
vote contrary to management when it believes a particular proxy proposal may
adversely affect the investment merits of owning stock in a portfolio company,
or the desirability of investing in the portfolio company from the viewpoint of
the particular client.
ADMINISTRATION OF POLICIES AND PROCEDURES
Thrivent has formed a committee that is responsible
for establishing positions with respect to corporate governance and other proxy
issues (“Committee”). Annually, the Committee reviews the Policies and
Procedures, including in relation to recommended changes reflected in
applicable benchmark policies and voting guidelines of Institutional Shareholder
Services Inc. (“ISS”). As discussed below, Thrivent may, with the
approval of the Committee, vote proxies other than in accordance with the
applicable voting guidelines in the Policies and Procedures.
HOW PROXIES ARE REVIEWED, PROCESSED AND VOTED
In
order to facilitate the proxy voting process, Thrivent has retained ISS as an
expert in the proxy voting and corporate governance areas. ISS specializes in
providing a variety of fiduciary-level proxy advisory and voting services.
These services include custom vote recommendations, research, vote execution,
reporting, auditing and consulting assistance for the handling of proxy voting
responsibilities. ISS analyzes each proxy vote of Thrivent’s clients and
prepares a recommendation that reflects ISS’s application of the Policies and
Procedures. For items noted as case-by-case, Thrivent generally leverages the
research process and voting guidance/recommendation provided by ISS. Thrivent
may deviate from ISS recommendations on general policy issues or specific proxy
proposals.
In addition, with regard to voting
proxies for the Thrivent ESG Index Portfolio, Thrivent will consider environmental, social and governance criteria intended to
take into account principles of socially responsible investing. These
criteria include, among other things, voting guidelines provided by a
third-party proxy voting service provider (i.e., the ISS
Sustainability Proxy Voting Guidelines (“Sustainability Guidelines”)). The
Sustainability Guidelines have been developed consistent with the dual
objectives of socially responsible shareholders – financial and social. The
Sustainability Guidelines seek to reflect a broad consensus of the socially
responsible investing community on matters of social and environmental import and
are based on a commitment to create and preserve economic value and to advance
principles of good corporate governance consistent with responsibilities to
society as a whole on matters of corporate governance, executive compensation,
and corporate structure.
Proxy
Voting Process Overview
Thrivent utilizes ISS’ voting agent services to
notify us of upcoming shareholder meetings for portfolio companies held in
client accounts and to transmit votes on behalf of our clients. ISS provides
comprehensive summaries of proxy proposals, publications discussing key proxy
voting issues, and specific vote recommendations regarding Thrivent’s clients’
portfolio company proxies to assist in the proxy voting process. The final
authority and responsibility for proxy voting decisions remains with Thrivent.
Decisions with respect to proxy matters are made primarily in light of the
anticipated impact of the issue on the desirability of investing in the company
from the viewpoint of our respective clients.
Thrivent may on any particular proxy vote determine
that it is in the best interests of its clients to diverge from the Policies
and Procedures’ applicable voting guidelines. In such cases, the person
requesting to diverge from the Policies and Procedures’ applicable voting
guidelines is required to document in writing the rationale for their vote and
submit all written documentation to the Committee for review and approval. In
determining whether to approve any particular request, the Committee will
determine that the request is not influenced by any conflict of interest and is
in the best interests of Thrivent’s clients.
Summary of Thrivent’s Voting Policies
Specific voting guidelines have been adopted by the Committee
for regularly occurring categories of management and shareholder proposals.
The detailed voting guidelines are available to Thrivent’s clients upon
request. The following is a summary of significant Thrivent policies:
Board Structure and Composition Issues – Thrivent
believes boards are expected to have a majority of directors independent of
management. The independent directors are expected to organize much of the
board’s work, even if the chief executive officer also serves as chairperson of
the board. Key committees (audit, compensation, and nominating/corporate
governance) of the board are expected to be entirely independent of management.
It is expected that boards will engage in critical self-evaluation of
themselves and of individual members. Boards should be sufficiently diverse to
ensure consideration of a wide range of perspectives. Individual directors, in
turn, are expected to devote significant amounts of time to their duties, to
limit the number of directorships they accept, and to own a meaningful amount
of stock in companies on whose boards they serve. As such, Thrivent withholds
votes for directors who miss more than one-fourth of the scheduled board
meetings and considers stock ownership when reviewing contested elections.
Thrivent votes against management efforts to stagger board member terms because
a staggered board may act as a deterrent to takeover proposals. For the same
reasons, Thrivent votes for proposals that seek to fix the size of the board.
Executive and Director Compensation –These proposals
necessitate a case-by-case evaluation. Generally, Thrivent opposes
compensation packages that provide what we view as excessive awards to a few
senior executives or that contain excessively dilutive stock option grants
based on a number of criteria such as the costs associated with the plan, plan
features, and dilution to shareholders.
Ratification of Auditors
- Thrivent votes for proposals to
ratify auditors, unless an auditor has a financial interest in or association
with the company, and is therefore not independent; there is reason to believe
that the independent auditor has rendered an opinion that is neither accurate
nor indicative of the company’s financial position; non-audit fees paid
represent 50 percent or more of the total fees paid to the auditor; or poor
accounting practices are identified that rise to a serious level of concern.
Mergers and Acquisitions
- Thrivent votes on mergers and acquisitions on a
case-by-case basis, taking into account and balancing the following: anticipated
financial and operating benefits, including the opinion of the financial
advisor, market reaction, offer price (cost vs. premium) and prospects of the
combined companies; how the deal was negotiated; potential conflicts of
interest between management’s interests and shareholders’ interests; and
changes in corporate governance and their impact on shareholder rights.
Anti-takeover and Corporate Governance Issues -
Thrivent generally opposes anti-takeover measures
since they adversely impact shareholder rights. When voting on capital
structure issues, Thrivent considers the dilutive impact to shareholders and
the effect on shareholder rights.
Social, Environmental and Corporate Responsibility
Issues
- On proposals which are
primarily social, moral or ethical Thrivent generally abstains, other than with
respect to the Thrivent ESG Index Portfolio. When voting on matters with
apparent economic or operational impacts on the company, Thrivent realizes that
the precise economic effect of such proposals is often unclear. Where this is
the case, Thrivent typically relies on management’s assessment, and generally
votes with company management.
Shareblocking
-
Shareblocking is the practice in certain foreign countries of “freezing”
shares for trading purposes in order to vote proxies relating to those shares.
Thrivent generally refrains from voting shares in shareblocking countries
unless the matter has compelling economic consequences that outweigh the loss
of liquidity in the blocked shares.
Applying Proxy Voting Policies to
non-U.S. Companies
– Thrivent applies a two-tier approach to determining and applying global proxy
voting policies. The first tier establishes baseline policy guidelines for the
most fundamental issues, which apply without regard to a company's domicile.
The second tier takes into account various idiosyncrasies of different
countries, making allowances for standard market practices, as long as they do
not violate the fundamental goals of good corporate governance. The goal is to
enhance shareholder value through effective use of the shareholder franchise,
recognizing that applying policies developed for U.S. corporate governance may
not appropriate for all markets.
Monitoring and Resolving Conflicts of
Interest – Thrivent/clients
The Committee is responsible for monitoring and
resolving possible material conflicts between the interests of Thrivent and
those of its clients with respect to proxy voting. Examples of situations where
conflicts of interest can arise are when i) the issuer is a vendor whose
products or services are material to Thrivent’s business; ii) the issuer is an
entity participating to a material extent in the distribution of proprietary
investment products advised, administered or sponsored by Thrivent; iii) the
issuer is a significant executing broker dealer; iv) an Access Person
of Thrivent also serves as a director or officer of
the issuer; and v) there is a personal conflict of interest (e.g.,
familial relationship with company management)
.
All material conflicts of interest will be resolved in
the interests of the clients. Application of the Policies and Procedures’
applicable voting guidelines to vote client proxies is generally relied on to
address possible conflicts of interest since the voting guidelines are
pre-determined by the Committee. In addition, in cases where proxies are voted
in accordance with the Policies and Procedures’ applicable voting guidelines
and consistent with ISS’s recommendation, the Committee does not review for a potential
conflict of interest.
In cases where Thrivent is considering overriding
these Policies and Procedures’ applicable voting guidelines, or in the event
matters presented for vote are not governed by such guidelines, the Committee
will follow these procedures:
Compliance, in consultation with
Legal, will conduct a review to seek to identify any potential material
conflicts of interest. If no material conflict of interest is identified, the
proxy will be voted as determined by the Committee.
If a material conflict of interest
is identified, the Committee will be apprised of that fact and the Committee
will evaluate the proposed vote in order to ensure that the proxy ultimately is
voted in what Thrivent believes to be the best interests of clients, and
without regard for the conflict of interest. The Committee will document its
vote determination, including the nature of the conflict, the Committee’s
analysis of the matters submitted for proxy vote, and the reasons why the
Committee determined that the votes were cast in the best interests of clients.
Certain Thrivent Funds ("top tier
fund") may own shares of other Thrivent Funds (''underlying fund").
If an underlying fund submits a matter to a shareholder vote, the top tier fund
will generally vote its shares in the same proportion as the other shareholders
of the underlying fund. If there are no other shareholders in the underlying
fund, the top tier fund will vote in what Thrivent believes to be in the top
tier fund's best interest.
Thrivent will generally not vote nor seek
to recall in order to vote shares on loan, unless it determines that a vote
would have a material effect on an investment in such loaned security.
OVERSIGHT,
REPORTING AND RECORD RETENTION
Retention of Proxy Service Provider and
Oversight of Voting
In overseeing proxy voting generally and
determining whether or not to retain the services of ISS, Thrivent performs the
following functions, among others, to determine that Thrivent continues to vote
proxies in the best interest of its clients: (1) periodic sampling of proxy
votes; (2) periodic reviews of Thrivent’s Policies and Procedures to determine
they are adequate and have been implemented effectively, including whether they
continue to be reasonably designed to ensure that proxies are voted in the best
interest of Thrivent’s clients; (3) periodic due diligence on ISS designed to
monitor ISS’s (i) capacity and competency to adequately analyze proxy issues,
including the adequacy and quality of its staffing and personnel, as well as
(ii) its methodologies for developing vote recommendations and ensuring that
its research is accurate and complete; and (4) reviews of ISS’s procedures
regarding their capabilities to identify and address conflicts of interest.
Proxy statements and solicitation materials of issuers
(other than those which are available on the SEC’s EDGAR database) are kept by
ISS in its capacity as voting agent and are available upon request. Thrivent
retains documentation on shares voted differently than the Thrivent Policies
and Procedures voting guidelines, and any document which is material to a proxy
voting decision such as the Thrivent Policies and Procedures voting guidelines
and the Committee meeting materials.
ISS provides Vote Summary Reports for each Thrivent
Fund. The report specifies the company, ticker, cusip, meeting dates, proxy
proposals, and votes which have been cast for the Thrivent Fund during the
period, the position taken with respect to each issue and whether the Thrivent
Fund voted with or against company management.